Al Muddasir

CHAPTER 74

AL-MUDDASIR

(Prophet Mohammed – with the Cloak)

(56 VERSES)

VERSES 1 – 56

بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ

Brief Introduction of Al-Muddasir (74):

Sura Al-Muddasir (56 verses) was revealed in Makkah.[1]

Abu Ja’far^-asws (5^th Imam-asws) regarding the Words of the Exalted: And do not confer favours hoping to be reciprocated with abundance [74:6]: ‘Do not give the gift seeking more than it’’.^[2]  Allah^-azwj Rebukes a great experienced sheikh from the villages of Arabia, Thus Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: Leave Me and the one I Created as Al-Waheed [74:11] – up to His^-azwj Words: ever-increasing Punishment [74:17]’’.[3]

Rasool Allah^-saww in reply to a jew said: ‘The nineteen – It is Saqar, It neither lets remain nor spares (anyone) [74:28] Scorching for the person [74:29] Upon it are nineteen [74:30].[4]

Abu Abdullah^-asws (6^th Imam) said, in the interpretation of the Verses: What brought you into Saqar (Inferno)? [74:42] They shall say, ‘We were not from the Musalleen [74:43]. He^-asws said: ‘It Means, ‘We were not the ones who followed the Imams^-asws, those for whom Allah^-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said regarding them^-asws: And the foremost are the foremost [56:10] These are the ones of proximity [56:11]. But, have you not seen the people naming the one who follows the preceding one in the (horse) race as ‘Musally’? So that is what they mean when they would be saying, ‘We were not of the ‘Musalleen’, i.e., we were not the ones who followed the foremost ones^-asws’’.^[5]

Abu Ja’far^-asws (5^th Imam) said regarding Words of Mighty and Majestic: Every soul would be held for what it earns [74:38] Except companions of the right hand [74:39]. He^-asws said: ‘They are Shias of People^-asws of the Household’’.^[6] 

Abu Ja’far^-asws narrates that Prophet^-saww said to Ali^-asws: ‘O Ali^-asws! His^-azwj Words, Mighty and Majestic: Every soul would be held for what it earns [74:38] Except companions of the right hand [74:39] In Gardens, they would be asking [74:40] From the criminals [74:41] What brought you into Saqar (Inferno)? [74:42] – and the criminals are the deniers of your^-asws Wilayah.

They shall say, ‘We were not from the Musalleen [74:43] And we did not used to feed the poor [74:44] And we used to indulge in vanities along with the indulgers in vanities [74:45] – The companions of the right would say to them, ‘This isn’t what brought you (into Saqar), What brought you into Saqar (Inferno)? [74:42], O wretched ones?’  They would say, ‘And we used to belie the Day of Religion [74:46] Until the certainty came to us (now) [74:47]’. They (companions of the right) would say to them, ‘This is which brought you into Saqar, O wretched ones!’ And the day of Religion, is the Day of the Covenant, when they rejected and belied your^-asws Wilayah, and transgressed upon you^-asws and were arrogant’’.^[7]

And (5^th Imam^-asws) said: His^-azwj Words: And we used to belie the Day of Religion [74:46]. He^-asws said: ‘The Day of religion is the day of emergence of Al-Qaim^-asws.

And His^-azwj Words: So what is the matter with them, turning away from the Tazkira? [74:49] – meaning by the Tazkira and the Sign is Amir Al-Momineen^-asws.

And His^-azwj Words: As if they were frightened donkeys [74:50] Fleeing from a lion [74:51]. He^-asws said: ‘meaning as if they are wild donkeys fleeing from the lion when they see it, and like that are the Murjiites, when they hear the merits of Progeny^-asws of Muhammad^-saww, they flee from the truth.

Then Allah^-azwj the Exalted Said: ‘But, every person from them wants to be Given pages spread out [74:52]. He^-asws said: ‘Every man from the adversaries wants that a Book be Revealed unto him from the sky. 

Then Allah^-azwj the Exalted Said: ‘Never! But, they are not fearing the Hereafter [74:53]. He^-asws said: ‘It is the government of Al-Qaim^-asws (they are not fearing).

The Allah^-azwj the Exalted, after Making them recognise that the ‘Tazkira’, it is the Wilayah of Ali^-asws, Said: Never! It is a Tazkira [74:54] So the one who desires it, would pay heed [74:55] And they will not be paying heed except if Allah so Desires. He is rightful to be feared and rightful for (Granting) the Forgiveness [74:56]. He^-asws said: ‘So the piety is this place is the Prophet^-saww, and the Forgiveness is Amir Al-Momineen^-asws’’.^[8]

MERITS

ابن بابويه: باسناده، عن محمد بن مسلم، عن أبي جعفر محمد بن علي الباقر (عليه السلام)، قال: «من قرأ في الفريضة سورة المدثر كان حقا على الله عز و جل أن يجعله مع محمد (صلى الله عليه و آله) في درجته، و لا يدركه في الحياة الدنيا شقاء أبدا إن شاء الله تعالى

Ibn Babuway, by his chain, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, who has narrated:

‘Abu Ja’far Muhammad^-asws Bin Ali Al-Baqir^-asws having said: ‘The one who recites Surah Al-Muddasir would have a right upon Allah^-azwj that He^-azwj should Make him to be with Muhammad^-saww in his^-saww Level, and will not be regarded as a wretched one in the life of this world, ever, if Allah^-azwj the Exalted so Desires it to be’.[9]

و من (خواص القرآن): روي عن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) أنه قال: «من قرأ هذه السورة أعطي من الأجر بعدد من صدق بمحمد (صلى الله عليه و آله) و بعدد من كذب به عشر مرات

And from Khawas Al-Quran –

It has been reported from the Prophet^-saww having said: ‘The one who recites this Chapter, would be Given the Recompense of the number of the ones who ratified Muhammad^-saww, and the number of the ones who belied him^-saww, ten times over.

و من أدمن في قراءتها و سأل الله في آخرها حفظ القرآن، لم يمت حتى يشرح الله قلبه و يحفظه

And one who habitually recites in and asks Allah^-azwj as his Recompense, to memorise the Quran, will never die until Allah^-azwj Expands his heart, and he would memorise it’.[10]

و قال الصادق (عليه السلام): «من أدمن في قراءتها، و سأل الله في آخرها حفظه، لم يمت حتى يحفظه، و لو سأله أكثر من ذلك قضاه الله تعالى له

Al-Sadiq^-asws said: ‘One who habitually recites it, and asks Allah^-azwj for his Recompense to be its (Quran’s) memorisation, will not die until he memorises it. And were he to ask for more than that, Allah^-azwj would Fulfill it for him’.[11]

VERSE 1

يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ {1}

O you Al-Muddasir! (the covered one) [74:1]

فقال: يا خديجة إني لاجد بردا، فدثرت عليه فنام فنودي: ” يا أيها المدثر ” الآية، فقام وجعل إصبعه في اذنه وقال: الله أكبر، الله أكبر فكان كل موجود يسمعه يوافقه

He^-saww said: ‘O Khadeeja^-asws! I^-saww feel cold’. She^-as covered upon him^-saww and he^-saww slept. Then there was a Call: O you Al-Muddasir! (the covered one) [74:1] – the Verse. He^-saww stood up and placed his^-saww fingers in his^-saww ears and said: ‘Allah^-azwj is the Greatest!’ Allah^-azwj is the Greatest!’ Everything present which heard him^-saww, responded in agreement with him^-saww’. (an extract).[12]

منتخب البصائر سَعْدٌ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنِ الْمُنَخَّلِ بْنِ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‏ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‏ يا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ قُمْ فَأَنْذِرْ يَعْنِي بِذَلِكَ مُحَمَّداً ص وَ قِيَامَهُ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ يُنْذِرُ فِيهَا

(The book) ‘Muntakhab Al Basaair’ – Sa’ad, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ammar Bin Masrouq, from Al Munakkhal Bin Jameel, from Jabir Bin Yazeed,

‘From Abu Ja’far^-asws regarding Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: O you Al-Muddasir! (the covered one) [74:1] Arise, so warn (others) [74:2], meaning by that Muhammad^-saww and his^-saww rising during the Raj’at warning during it.

وَ قَوْلِهِ‏ إِنَّها لَإِحْدَى الْكُبَرِ نَذِيراً يَعْنِي مُحَمَّداً ص‏ نَذِيراً لِلْبَشَرِ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ

And His^-azwj Words: Surely it is the great one [74:35] A warning [74:36] – ‘Meaning Muhammad^-saww, Warning for the humans [74:36] – during the Return (Al-Raj’at)’.

وَ فِي قَوْلِهِ إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ‏ كَافَّةً لِلنَّاسِ‏ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ

And in His^-azwj Words: And We did not Send you except to all of the people [34:28] – ‘During the Raj’at’’.^[13]

منتخب البصائر بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‏ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ كَانَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ الْمُدَّثِّرَ هُوَ كَائِنٌ عِنْدَ الرَّجْعَةِ

(The book) ‘Muntakhab Al Basaair’ – By this chain,

‘From Abu Ja’far^-asws: ‘Amir Al-Momineen^-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah^-azwj be upon him^-asws, had said: ‘Al-Muddasir! (the covered one) [74:1], he^-saww would coming into being during the Raj’at’.

فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَ حَيَاةٌ قَبْلَ الْقِيَامَةِ ثُمَّ مَوْتٌ

A man said to him^-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen^-asws! Would there be life before the Qiyamah, then death?’

قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ نَعَمْ وَ اللَّهِ لَكَفْرَةٌ مِنَ الْكُفْرِ بَعْدَ الرَّجْعَةِ أَشَدُّ مِنْ كَفَرَاتٍ قَبْلَهَا

He (the narrator) said, ‘He^-asws said to him during that: ‘Yes, by Allah^-azwj! The infidelity from the Kufr after the Raj’at is severer from infidelities before it’’.^[14]

خص، منتخب البصائر سَعْدٌ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنِ الْمُنَخَّلِ بْنِ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: لَيْسَ مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ إِلَّا وَ لَهُ قَتْلَةٌ وَ مَوْتَةٌ إِنَّهُ مَنْ قُتِلَ نُشِرَ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ وَ مَنْ مَاتَ نُشِرَ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ

(The book) ‘Muntakhab Al Basaair’ – Sa’ad, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ammar Bin Marwan, from Al Munakkhal Bin Jameel, from Jabir Bin Yazeed,

‘From Abu Ja’far^-asws having said: ‘There isn’t any Momin except for him would be a killing and a death. Surely the one who is killed would be Resurrected until he dies, and the ones who dies would be Resurrected until he is killed!’

ثُمَّ تَلَوْتُ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذائِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ‏ فَقَالَ وَ منشوره [مَنْشُورَةٌ] قُلْتُ قَوْلُكَ وَ منشوره [مَنْشُورَةٌ] مَا هُوَ فَقَالَ هَكَذَا أنزل [نَزَلَ‏] بِهَا جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص‏ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذائِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ‏ و منشوره [مَنْشُورَةٌ]

Then I recited this Verse to Abu Ja’far^-asws, ‘Every self shall taste the death [3:185]. He^-asws said: ‘And would be Raised’. I said, ‘Your^-asws words: ‘And would be Raised’, what is it?’ He^-asws said: ‘That is how Jibraeel^-as had descended with it unto Muhammad^-saww, Every self shall taste the death and be Raised [3:185]’.

ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ أَحَدٌ بَرٌّ وَ لَا فَاجِرٌ إِلَّا وَ يُنْشَرُ أَمَّا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ فَيُنْشَرُونَ إِلَى قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنِهِمْ وَ أَمَّا الْفُجَّارُ فَيُنْشَرُونَ إِلَى خِزْيِ اللَّهِ إِيَّاهُمْ

Then he^-asws said: ‘There is no one in this community, neither righteous nor immoral except he would be Raised. As for the Momineen, they would be Raised to the delight of their eyes, and as for the immoral ones, they would be Raised to Allah^-azwj having Disgraced them.

أَ لَمْ تَسْمَعْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ‏ وَ لَنُذِيقَنَّهُمْ مِنَ الْعَذابِ الْأَدْنى‏ دُونَ الْعَذابِ الْأَكْبَرِ وَ قَوْلَهُ‏ يا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ قُمْ فَأَنْذِرْ يَعْنِي بِذَلِكَ مُحَمَّداً ص قِيَامَهُ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ يُنْذِرُ فِيهَا

Have you not heard Allah^-azwj the Exalted Saying: And We will Make them taste from the smallest Punishment besides the biggest, [32:21]. And His^-azwj Words: O you Al-Muddasir! (the covered one) [74:1] Arise, so warn (others) [74:2]? It means Muhammad^-saww by that, his^-saww rising during the Raj’at, warning during it.

وَ قَوْلَهُ‏ إِنَّها لَإِحْدَى الْكُبَرِ نَذِيراً لِلْبَشَرِ يَعْنِي مُحَمَّداً ص نَذِيرٌ لِلْبَشَرِ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ

And His^-azwj Words: Surely, it is the great one [74:35] A warning to the humans [74:36] – meaning Muhammad^-saww is a warning to the humans during the Raj’at’.

وَ قَوْلَهُ‏ هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدى‏ وَ دِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ‏ قَالَ يُظْهِرُهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ

And His^-azwj Words: He is the One Who Sent His Rasool with the Guidance and the Religion of Truth in order to prevail it upon all the Religions, and even if the Polytheists dislike it [9:33], he^-asws said: ‘Allah^-azwj would Make it prevail during the Raj’at.

وَ قَوْلَهُ‏ حَتَّى إِذا فَتَحْنا عَلَيْهِمْ باباً ذا عَذابٍ شَدِيدٍ هُوَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا رَجَعَ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ

And His^-azwj Words: Until when We Open upon them a Door of severe Punishment, [23:77], it is Ali Bin Abu Talib^-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah^-azwj be upon him^-asws, when he^-asws returns during the Raj’at’.

قَالَ جَابِرٌ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‏ رُبَما يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْ كانُوا مُسْلِمِينَ‏ قَالَ هُوَ أَنَا إِذَا خَرَجْتُ أَنَا وَ شِيعَتِي‏ وَ خَرَجَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ وَ شِيعَتُهُ وَ نَقْتُلُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ فَعِنْدَهَا يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْ كَانُوا مُسْلِمَيْنِ

Jabir said, ‘Abu Ja’far^-asws said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen^-asws said regarding Words of Mighty and Majestic: Sometimes those who are committing Kufr would ardently wish if only they had been submitters [15:2]: ‘Here I^-asws am that one. When I^-asws my^-asws Shias emerge and Usman Bin Affan and his loyalists (emerge), we shall kill the clan of Umayyya. During it those who had committed Kufr would ardently wish if they could have been submitters’’.^[15]

VERSES 2 & 3

قُمْ فَأَنْذِرْ {2}

Arise, so warn (others) [74:2]  

وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرْ {3}

And your Lord, so exclaim His Greatness [74:3]  

و عنه: عن محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب، عن محمد بن سنان، عن عمار بن مروان، عن المنخل بن جميل، عن جابر بن يزيد، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، في قوله عز و جل: يا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ قُمْ فَأَنْذِرْ:  «يعني بذلك محمدا (صلى الله عليه و آله) و قيامه في الرجعة ينذر فيها

And from him, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn Bin Abu Al-Khataab, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Amaar Bin Marwaan, from Al-Mankhal Bin Jameel, from Jabir Bin Yazeed, who has said:

‘Abu Ja’far^-asws regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: O you Al Muddasir! (the covered one) [74:1] Arise, so warn (others) [74:2]: ‘It Means by that, Muhammad^-saww, and his^-saww rising during the Return (Al-Raj’at) and his^-saww warning during it’.

قوله: إِنَّها لَإِحْدَى الْكُبَرِ نَذِيراً يعني محمدا (صلى الله عليه و آله) نذيرا لِلْبَشَرِ  في الرجعة» [و في قوله: (إنا أرسلناك كافة للناس) في الرجعة]

His^-azwj Words: Surely it is the great one [74:35] – Meaning Muhammad^-saww, Warning to the humans [74:36] – during the Return (Al-Raj’at)’’.[16]

و بهذا الاسناد، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام): «أن أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) كان يقول: إن المدثر هو كائن عند الرجعة

And by this chain,

‘From Abu Ja’far^-asws it is reported that ‘Amir-al-Momineen^-asws used to say that: ‘Al-Muddasir, he^-saww will be coming during the Return (Al-Raj’at)’.

فقال له رجل: يا أمير المؤمنين، أحياء قبل يوم القيامة ثم أموات؟

So, a man said to him^-asws, ‘O Amir-Al-Momineen^-asws! Being revived before the Day of Judgement, then dead?’

قال: فقال له عند ذلك: نعم و الله لكفرة من الكفر بعد الرجعة أشد من الكفرات قبلها

He^-asws said to him at that: ‘Yes. By Allah^-azwj! A Kufr from Kufr(s) committed after the Return (Al-Raj’at) would be more severe than the Kufr(s) committed before it’.[17]

VERSES 4 & 5

وَثِيَابَكَ فَطَهِّرْ {4}

And your garments, so purify [74:4] 

وَالرُّجْزَ فَاهْجُرْ {5}

And the uncleanness, so avoid [74:5]

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ ثِيابَكَ فَطَهِّرْ قَالَ فَشَمِّرْ

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah^-asws regarding the Words of Allah^-azwj Blessed and Exalted: And your garments, so purify [74:4]. He^-asws said: ‘Roll-up (i.e., Do not let them drag on the ground)’.[18]

الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَائِذٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ( عليه السلام ) كَانَ عِنْدَكُمْ فَأَتَى بَنِي دِيوَانٍ وَ اشْتَرَى ثَلَاثَةَ أَثْوَابٍ بِدِينَارٍ الْقَمِيصَ إِلَى فَوْقِ الْكَعْبِ وَ الْإِزَارَ إِلَى نِصْفِ السَّاقِ وَ الرِّدَاءَ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى ثَدْيَيْهِ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ إِلَى أَلْيَتَيْهِ

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moala Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Washa, from Ahmad Bin Aiz, from Abu Khadeeja, from Moala Bin Khunays,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah^-asws having said: ‘Ali^-asws was among you all, and he^-asws went over to the Clan of Deywan and bought three garments with one Dinar – the shirt which was up to above the heel, and the trouser up to the half of the leg, and the cloak from his^-asws front was up to his chest, and from behind him^-asws was up to his^-asws lower back.

ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ عَلَى مَا كَسَاهُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا اللِّبَاسُ الَّذِي يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ أَنْ يَلْبَسُوهُ

Then he^-asws raised his^-asws hands towards the sky, and he^-asws did not cease to Praise Allah^-azwj what He^-azwj has Clothed him^-asws with until he^-asws entered his^-asws house. Then he^-asws said: ‘This is the dress which is befitting for the Muslims that they should be wearing it’.

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) وَ لَكِنْ لَا يَقْدِرُونَ أَنْ يَلْبَسُوا هَذَا الْيَوْمَ وَ لَوْ فَعَلْنَاهُ لَقَالُوا مَجْنُونٌ وَ لَقَالُوا مُرَاءٍ وَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ وَ ثِيابَكَ فَطَهِّرْ

Abu Abdullah^-asws said: ‘But we^-asws are not able to wear it today, and were we^-asws to do it, they would say, ‘Insane’, and they would say, ‘Show-off’, and Allah^-azwj the Exalted is Saying: And your garments, so purify [74:4]’.

قَالَ وَ ثِيَابَكَ ارْفَعْهَا وَ لَا تَجُرَّهَا وَ إِذَا قَامَ قَائِمُنَا كَانَ هَذَا اللِّبَاسَ

He^-asws said: ‘And your clothes, raise these and do not let it flow (upon the ground), and when our^-asws Qaim^-asws rises, this would be the clothing’.[19]

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْيَمَامَةِ كَانَ مَعَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ( عليه السلام ) أَيَّامَ حُبِسَ بِبَغْدَادَ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ( عليه السلام ) إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ لِنَبِيِّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) وَ ثِيابَكَ فَطَهِّرْ وَ كَانَتْ ثِيَابُهُ طَاهِرَةً وَ إِنَّمَا أَمَرَهُ بِالتَّشْمِيرِ

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Abdul Rahman Bin Usman,

(It has been narrated) from a man from the people of Al-Yamama who was with Abu Al-Hassan^-asws (7^th Imam^-asws) was imprisoned at Baghdad, said, ‘Abu Al-Hassan^-asws said to me: ‘Allah^-azwj the Exalted Said to His^-azwj Prophet^-saww: And your garments, so purify [74:4] and his^-saww garment was already clean, and rather he^-saww was Commanded with the rolling-up’.[20]

و عنه: عن عدة من أصحابنا عن أحمد بن محمد بن خالد، عن أبيه، عن النضر بن سويد، عن‏ يحيى الحلبي، عن عبد الحميد الطائي، عن محمد بن مسلم، قال: نظر أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام) إلى رجل قد لبس قميصا يصيب الأرض، فقال: «ما هذا الثوب بطاهر

And from him, from a number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Al-Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya Al-Halby, from Abdul Hameed Al-Ta’ay, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said:

‘Abu Abdullah^-asws looked at a man who had worn his shirt (Gown) which was touching the ground, so he^-asws said: ‘This is not the clean cloth’.[21]

VERSES 6 & 7

وَلَا تَمْنُنْ تَسْتَكْثِرُ {6}

And do not confer favours hoping to be reciprocated with abundance [74:6]  

وَلِرَبِّكَ فَاصْبِرْ {7}

And for your Lord, be patient [74:7]

محمد بن يعقوب: عن عدة من أصحابنا، عن سهل بن زياد، عن جعفر بن محمد الأشعري، عن ابن القداح، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال: قال في قوله تعالى: وَ لا تَمْنُنْ تَسْتَكْثِرُ، قال: «لا تستكثر ما عملت من خير لله

Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from a number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al-Ashary, from Ibn Al-Qadah, who has reported the following:

‘Abu Abdullah^-asws having said regarding the Words of the Exalted: And do not confer favours hoping to be reciprocated with abundance [74:6], said: ‘Do not (hope) for reciprocation (for the people) from the good deeds what you do for Allah^-azwj’.[22]

VERSES 8 – 10

فَإِذَا نُقِرَ فِي النَّاقُورِ {8}

So when it is resonated in the organ (When trumpet will be sounded) [74:8]  

فَذَٰلِكَ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَوْمٌ عَسِيرٌ {9}

That day, it will be such a harsh day [74:9]

عَلَى الْكَافِرِينَ غَيْرُ يَسِيرٍ {10}

Upon the Kafirs, it would not be easy [74:10]

و في حديث آخر عنه (عليه السلام)، قال: «إذا نقر في أذن القائم (عليه السلام) أذن له في القيام

And in another Hadeeth from him (6^th Imam^-asws) having said: ‘When it resonates in the ears of Al-Qaim^-asws, it would be the Permission for him^-asws for the Rising’.[23]

أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِذا نُقِرَ فِي النَّاقُورِ قَالَ إِنَّ مِنَّا إِمَاماً مُظَفَّراً مُسْتَتِراً فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ إِظْهَارَ أَمْرِهِ نَكَتَ فِي قَلْبِهِ نُكْتَةً فَظَهَرَ فَقَامَ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى

Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Hassan, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah^-asws regarding the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: So when it is resonated in the organ [74:8]. He^-asws said: ‘From us^-asws there is an Imam^-asws, who is victorious, hidden (in Occultation). So when Allah^-azwj, Mighty is His^-azwj Mention, Intends to Manifest His^-azwj Command, would Imprint in his^-asws heart with an imprint, so he^-asws would appear, and stand by the Command of Allah^-azwj the Blessed and Exalted’.[24]

و روى عن عمرو بن شمر، عن جابر بن يزيد، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: «قوله عز و جل: فَإِذا نُقِرَ فِي النَّاقُورِ، قال: الناقور هو النداء من السماء، ألا إن وليكم الله و فلان بن فلان القائم بالحق

And it has been reported from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir Bin Yazeed, who has reported the following:

‘Abu Ja’far^-asws having said: ‘The Words of the Mighty and Majestic: So when it (trumpet) is resonated in the organ [74:8], he^-asws said: ‘The organ – It is the Call from the sky: ‘Indeed! Your Guardian is Allah^-azwj and so and so Al-Qaim^-asws is with the truth.

ينادي به جبرئيل في ثلاث ساعات من ذلك اليوم، فذلك يوم عسير على الكافرين غير يسير، يعني بالكافرين المرجئة الذين كفروا بنعمة الله و بولاية علي بن أبي الطالب (عليه السلام)

Jibraeel^-as would Call out at three (different) times on that Day. Then that, on that Day, it would be a difficult Day [74:9] – Meaning by the Kafirs, the Murjiites, those who committed Kufr with the Favour of Allah^-azwj and Wilayah of Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws’.[25]

ابن بابويه، قال: حدثني أبي و محمد بن الحسن (رضي الله عنهما)، قالا: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري، قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب، عن موسى بن سعدان، عن عبد الله بن القاسم، عن المفضل بن عمر، قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (عليه السلام) عن تفسير جابر؟ فقال: «لا تحدث به السفلة فيذيعوه، أما تقرأ في كتاب الله عز و جل: فَإِذا نُقِرَ فِي النَّاقُورِ إن منا إماما مستترا، فإذا أراد الله عز و جل إظهار أمره نكت في قلبه نكتة، فظهر و أمر بأمر الله عز و جل

Ibn Babuwayh said, ‘It was narrated to me by my father, and Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al-Humeyri, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn Bin Abu AL-Khataab, from Musa Bin Sa’dan, from Abdullah Bin Al-Qasim, from Al-MufazzAl-Bin Umar who said:

‘I asked Abu Abdullah^-asws about the interpretation of Jabir?’ So, he^-asws said: ‘Do not narrate it to the riff-raff for they would waste it. Have you not read in the Book of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: So when it is resonated in the organ [74:8]? There is a hidden Imam^-asws from us^-asws. So, when Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Intends to Manifest His^-azwj Command, it would resonate in his^-asws heart with a resonance, so he^-asws would makes his^-asws appearance and command with the Command of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[26]

VERSES 11 – 25

ذَرْنِي وَمَنْ خَلَقْتُ وَحِيدًا {11}

Leave Me and the one I Created as Al-Waheed [74:11]  

NB: Al-Waheed has mostly been translated as lonely, see.[27]

وَجَعَلْتُ لَهُ مَالًا مَمْدُودًا {12}

And Made extensive wealth to be for him [74:12]

وَبَنِينَ شُهُودًا {13}

And boys as witnesses [74:13]

NB: Most of the translators have not translated 74:13 correctly, e.g.,.[28]

وَمَهَّدْتُ لَهُ تَمْهِيدًا {14}

And the way was paved for him [74:14]

ثُمَّ يَطْمَعُ أَنْ أَزِيدَ {15}

Then he covets that I should Increase? [74:15]

كَلَّا ۖ إِنَّهُ كَانَ لِآيَاتِنَا عَنِيدًا {16}

Never! Surely, he was stubborn to Our Signs [74:16]  

سَأُرْهِقُهُ صَعُودًا {17}

Soon I (Allah) will Overtake him with an ever-increasing Punishment [74:17]

إِنَّهُ فَكَّرَ وَقَدَّرَ {18}

He (Waheed) pondered and plotted [74:18]  

فَقُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ {19}

So he (Waheed) would be killed, how (much) he plotted! [74:19]

ثُمَّ قُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ {20}

Then, he (Waheed) would be killed, how (much) he plotted! [74:20]  

ثُمَّ نَظَرَ {21}

Then he (Waheed) looked [74:21]

ثُمَّ عَبَسَ وَبَسَرَ {22}

Then he (Waheed) frowned and scowled [74:22]

ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ وَاسْتَكْبَرَ {23}

Then he (Waheed) turned back and was arrogant [74:23]  

فَقَالَ إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا سِحْرٌ يُؤْثَرُ {24}

Then he (Waheed) said, ‘This is only an effect of sorcery [74:24]

إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا قَوْلُ الْبَشَرِ {25}

Surely (Waheed said) these are only words of the human’ [74:25]  

أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ‏ فِي قَوْلِهِ: ذَرْنِي وَ مَنْ خَلَقْتُ وَحِيداً، قَالَ: الْوَحِيدُ: وَلَدُ الزِّنَا، وَ هُوَ زُفَرُ

Tafseer Al Qummi – Abu Al Abbas, from Yahya Bin Zakariyya, from Ali Bin Hassan, from his uncle Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseer,

‘From Abu Abdullah^-asws regarding His^-azwj Words: Leave Me and the one I Created as Al-Waheed [74:11], said: ‘Al-Waheed is one of adulterous birth, and he is Zufer (Umar).

وَ جَعَلْتُ لَهُ مالًا مَمْدُوداً قَالَ: أَجَلًا إِلَى مُدَّةٍ

And Made extensive wealth to be for him [74:12] – said: ‘(For) an extended term up to a certain time’.

وَ بَنِينَ شُهُوداً قَالَ: أَصْحَابُهُ الَّذِينَ شَهِدُوا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَا يُورَثُ‏

And boys as witnesses [74:13] – His companions who bore witness that Rasool-Allah^-saww did not bequeath (left behind the estate of Fadak as an inheritance).

وَ مَهَّدْتُ لَهُ تَمْهِيداً مُلْكَهُ الَّذِي مَلَكَ مَهَّدْتُ لَهُ‏

And the way was paved for him [74:14] – His reign that he possessed – was paved for him.

ثُمَّ يَطْمَعُ أَنْ أَزِيدَ كَلَّا إِنَّهُ كانَ لِآياتِنا عَنِيداً قَالَ: لِوَلَايَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ جَاحِداً، عَانِداً لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِيهَا

Then he covets that I should Increase? [74:15] Never! Surely he was stubborn to Our Signs [74:16]. He^-asws said: ‘Opposed to the Wilayah of Amir Al-Momineen^-asws, and he was insolent to Rasool-Allah^-saww.

سَأُرْهِقُهُ صَعُوداً إِنَّهُ فَكَّرَ وَ قَدَّرَ فَكَّرَ فِيمَا أُمِرَ بِهِ مِنَ الْوَلَايَةِ، وَ قَدَّرَ إِنْ مَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنْ لَا يُسَلِّمَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (ع) الْبَيْعَةَ الَّتِي بَايَعَهُ بِهَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ‏

Soon I will Overtake him with an ever-increasing Punishment [74:17] He pondered and plotted [74:18]. He pondered regarding what he had been ordered with, from (accepting) the Wilayah, and he plotted that when Rasool-Allah^-saww passes away, that he will not be submitting the allegiance to Amir Al-Momineen^-asws which he had pledged with during the era of the Rasool-Allah^-saww.

فَقُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ ثُمَّ قُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ قَالَ: عَذَابٌ بَعْدَ عَذَابٍ يُعَذِّبُهُ الْقَائِمُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ

So he would be killed, how (much) he plotted! [74:19] Then, he would be killed, how (much) he plotted! [74:20]. Punishment after punishment. Al-Qaim^-asws would punish him.

ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَ عَبَسَ وَ بَسَرَ مِمَّا أُمِرَ بِهِ‏ ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ وَ اسْتَكْبَرَ فَقالَ إِنْ هذا إِلَّا سِحْرٌ يُؤْثَرُ قَالَ زُفَرُ: إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ سَحَرَ النَّاسَ لِعَلِيٍ‏، إِنْ هذا إِلَّا قَوْلُ الْبَشَرِ .. أَيْ لَيْسَ هُوَ وَحْيٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‏

Then he looked [74:21] – at Rasool-Allah^-saww and Amir Al-Momineen^-asws, Then he frowned and scowled [74:22] Then he turned back and was arrogant [74:23] Then he said, ‘This is only an effect of sorcery [74:24]. He^-asws said: ‘Zafar (Umar) said, ‘The Prophet^-saww has cast a spell on the people with Ali^-asws, Surely these are only words of the human’ [74:25] – i.e., not a Revelation from Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic.

سَأُصْلِيهِ سَقَرَ …. إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ

I will Make him arrive to Saqar (Inferno) [74:26] -– up to the last Verse, was Revealed regarding him (Umar)’’.

عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ‏ أَنَّ الْوَحِيدَ وَلَدُ الزِّنَا

From Abu Ja’far^-asws and Abu Abdullah^-asws: ‘The ‘Waheed’ is a child of adultery (bastard)’’.

قَالَ زُرَارَةُ ذُكِرَ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ أَحَدِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ‏ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ: أَنَا ابْنُ الْوَحِيدِ. فَقَالَ: وَيْلَهُ! لَوْ عَلِمَ مَا الْوَحِيدُ مَا فَخَرَ بِهَا. فَقُلْنَا لَهُ: وَ مَا هُوَ؟ قَالَ: مَنْ لَا يُعْرَفُ لَهُ أَبٌ

Zurara said, ‘It was mentioned to Abu Ja’far^-asws about one of the Clan of Hashim^-as having said in his sermon, ‘I am a son of Al-Waheed’. He^-asws said: ‘Woe be unto him! If he knew what Al-Waheed is, he would not pride with it’. We said to him^-asws, ‘And what is it?’ He^-asws said: ‘One for whom is father is not known’’. ^[29]

Meaning of ‘Al-Waheed’

طبرسي: روى العياشي بإسناده، عن زرارة، و حمران، و محمد بن مسلم، عن أبي جعفر، و أبي عبد الله (عليهما السلام): «أن الوحيد ولد الزنا

Al-Tabarsy has reported from Al-Ayyashi from his chain, from Zurara and Humran, and Muhammad Bin Muslim, who has narrated the following:

‘Abu Ja’far^-asws and Abu Abdullah^-asws having said: ‘Al-Waheed is one of adulterous birth’.

قال زرارة: ذكر لأبي عبد الله  (عليه السلام) عن أحد بني هشام، أنه قال في بعض خطبة: أنا الوليد  الوحيد، فقال: «ويله! لو علم ما الوحيد ما فخر بها». فقلنا له: و ما هو؟ قال: «من لا يعرف له أب

Zurara said, ‘I mentioned to Abu Abdullah^-asws about one of the Clan of Hashim^-as, had said (proudly) in one of his sermons, ‘Al-Waleed is Al-Waheed’. So he^-asws said: ‘Woe be upon him! Had he known what Al-Waheed is, he would not pride over it’. So we said to him^-asws, ‘And what is he?’ He^-asws said: ‘One whose father is not known’.[30]

Al-Waheed is Umar

و قال علي بن إبراهيم: حدثنا أبو العباس، قال: حدثنا يحيى بن زكريا، عن علي بن حسان، عن عمه عبد الرحمن بن كثير، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، في قوله تعالى: ذَرْنِي وَ مَنْ خَلَقْتُ وَحِيداً، قال: «الوحيد ولد الزنا و هو زفر

And Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘It was narrated to us by Abu Al-Abbas, from Yahya Bin Zakariyya, from Ali Bin Hasaan, from his uncle Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseer, who has narrated the following:

‘Abu Abdullah^-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: Leave Me and the one I Created as Al-Waheed [74:11], said: ‘Al-Waheed is one of adulterous birth, and he is Zafar (Umar).

وَ جَعَلْتُ لَهُ مالًا مَمْدُوداً قال: «أجلا ممدودا إلى مدة

And Made extensive wealth to be for him [74:12] – said: ‘(For) an extended term up to a certain time’.

وَ بَنِينَ شُهُوداً، قال: «أصحابه الذين شهدوا أن رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) لا يورث

And boys as witnesses [74:13] – His companions who bore witness that Rasool-Allah^-saww did not bequeath (left behind the estate of Fadak as an inheritance).

وَ مَهَّدْتُ لَهُ تَمْهِيداً ملكه الذي ملكته: مهدته له

And the way was paved for him [74:14] – His reign that he possessed – was paved for him.

ثُمَّ يَطْمَعُ أَنْ أَزِيدَ كَلَّا إِنَّهُ كانَ لِآياتِنا عَنِيداً، قال: «لولاية أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، جاحدا عاندا لرسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) [فيها]

Then he covets that I should Increase? [74:15] Never! Surely he was stubborn to Our Signs [74:16]. He^-asws said: ‘Opposed to the Wilayah of Amir-Al-Momineen^-asws, and he was insolent to Rasool-Allah^-saww.

سَأُرْهِقُهُ صَعُوداً إِنَّهُ فَكَّرَ وَ قَدَّرَ [فكر] فيما أمر به من الولاية، و قدر إن مضى رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) أن لا يسلم لأمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) البيعة التي بايعه بها على عهد رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)

Soon I will Overtake him with an ever-increasing Punishment [74:17] He pondered and plotted [74:18]. He pondered regarding what he had been ordered with, from (accepting) the Wilayah, and he plotted that when Rasool-Allah^-saww passes away, that he will not be submitting the allegiance to Amir-al-Momineen^-asws which he had pledged with during the era of the Rasool-Allah^-saww.

فَقُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ ثُمَّ قُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ قال: «عذاب بعد عذاب، يعذبه القائم (عليه السلام)

So he would be killed, how (much) he plotted! [74:19] Then, he would be killed, how (much) he plotted! [74:20]. Punishment after punishment. Al-Qaim^-asws would punish him.

ثم نظر إلى رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) و أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) فعبس و بسر مما أمر به ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ وَ اسْتَكْبَرَ فَقالَ إِنْ هذا إِلَّا سِحْرٌ يُؤْثَرُ» قال: «إن زفر قال: إن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) سحر الناس بعلي إِنْ هذا إِلَّا قَوْلُ الْبَشَرِ أي ليس بوحي من الله عز و جل

Then he looked [74:21] – at Rasool-Allah^-saww and Amir-Al-Momineen^-asws, Then he frowned and scowled [74:22] Then he turned back and was arrogant [74:23] Then he said, ‘This is only an effect of sorcery [74:24]. He^-asws said: ‘Zafar (Umar) said, ‘The Prophet^-saww has cast a spell on the people with Ali^-asws, Surely these are only words of the human’ [74:25] – i.e., not a Revelation from Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic.

سَأُصْلِيهِ سَقَرَ إلى آخر الآية، فيه نزلت

I will Make him arrive to Saqar (Inferno) [74:26] -– up to the last Verse, was Revealed regarding him (Umar)’.[31]

Background report – Al-Waheed is Al-Waleed Bin Al-Mugheira

علي بن إبراهيم: إنها نزلت في الوليد بن المغيرة، و كان شيخا كبيرا مجربا من دهاة العرب، و كان من المستهزئين برسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)

Ali Bin Ibrahim (Tafseer Qummi) –

It was Revealed regarding Al-Waleed Bin Al-Mugheira, and he was a great experienced sheikh from the villages of Arabia, and he was from the ones who used to scoff at Rasool-Allah^-saww.

و كان رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) يقعد في الحجرة و يقرأ القرآن، فاجتمعت قريش إلى الوليد بن المغيرة فقالوا: يا أبا عبد شمس، ما هذا الذي يقول محمد، أشعر هو أم كهانة أم‏ خطب؟ فقال: دعوني أسمع كلامه

And Rasool-Allah^-saww was seated in the Chamber and reciting the Quran, and the Quraysh gathered around Al-Waleed Bin Al-Mugheira and they said, ‘O Abu Abd Al-Shams! What is this which Muhammad^-saww is saying? Is this poetry, or prophecies or sermons?’ He said, ‘Call me to listen to his^-saww speech’.

فدنا من رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، فقال: يا محمد، أنشدني من شعرك. قال: «ما هو شعر، و لكن كلام الله الذي ارتضاه لملائكته و أنبيائه و رسله». فقال: اتل علي منه شيئا

He went with a delegation to Rasool-Allah^-saww, and he said, ‘O Muhammad^-saww! Sing to me with your^-saww poetry’. He^-saww said: ‘This is not poetry, but it is the Speech of Allah^-azwj which He^-azwj has Chosen for His^-azwj Angels, and His^-azwj Prophets^-as, and His^-azwj Messengers^-as’. He said, ‘Recite to me something from it’.

فقرأ عليه رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) حم السجدة، فلما بلغ قوله: فَإِنْ أَعْرَضُوا يا محمد، يعني قريشا فَقُلْ أَنْذَرْتُكُمْ صاعِقَةً مِثْلَ صاعِقَةِ عادٍ وَ ثَمُودَ فاقشعر الوليد، و قامت كل شعرة على رأسه و لحيته، و مر إلى بيته، و لم يرجع إلى قريش من ذلك

So Rasool-Allah^-saww recited: Ha Meem [41:1]. So when he^-saww reached His^-azwj Words: But if they turn aside, then say: ‘I warn you of a thunderbolt like the thunderbolt (which struck the people of) Aad and Samood [41:13], Al-Waleed trembled, and all the hair on his head stood up, and went to his house, and did not return to the Quraysh from that (day)’.

فمشوا إلى أبي جهل، فقالوا: يا أبا الحكم، إن أبا عبد شمس صبا إلى دين محمد، أما تراه لم يرجع إلينا؟ فغدا أبو جهل إلى الوليد، فقال [له‏]: يا عم، نكست رؤوسنا و فضحتنا، و أشمت بنا عدونا، و صبوت إلى دين محمد

So they went to Abu Jahl^-la and said, ‘O Abu Al-Hakam! Abu Abd Al-Shams has aspired to the Religion of Muhammad^-saww. Have you not seen that he never returned to us?’ The next day Abu Jahl^-la went to Al-Waleed and said to him, ‘O uncle, you have lowered our heads and exposed us, our enemies are gloating over us, and you have aspired to the Religion of Muhammad^-saww!’

فقال: ما صبوت إلى دينه، و لكني سمعت [منه‏] كلاما صعبا تقشعر من الجلود. فقال له أبو جهل: أخطب هو؟ قال: لا، إن الخطب كلام متصل، و هذا كلام منثور، و لا يشبه بعضه بعضا. قال: فشعر هو؟

So he said, ‘I have not aspired to his^-saww Religion, but I heard from him^-saww such difficult speech which shivered the skin’. Abu Jahl^-la said to him, ‘He^-saww was preaching?’ He said, ‘No. A sermon is a continuous speech, this was a prose speech, and there is no resemblance to each other’. He said, ‘It was poetry?’

قال: لا، أما إني قد سمعت أشعار العرب بسيطها و مديدها و رملها و رجزها و ما هو بشعر، قال: فما هو؟ قال: دعني أفكر فيه

He said, ‘No. But I have heard the poems of the Arabs, their simple ones, and their prolonged ones, and battle slogans, and whatever poems which they recited’. He said, ‘So what was it?’ He said, ‘Leave me. I want to ponder over it’.

فلما كان من الغد قالوا له: يا أبا عبد شمس، ما تقول فيما قلنا؟ قال: قولوا هو سحر، فإنه آخذ بقلوب الناس

So when it was the next day, he^-la said to him, ‘O Abu Abd Al-Shams. What do you say regarding what we spoke about?’ He said, ‘Say (to everyone) it is sorcery, for it grabs the hearts of the people’.

فأنزل الله عز و جل على رسوله في ذلك ذَرْنِي وَ مَنْ خَلَقْتُ وَحِيداً و إنما سمي وحيدا لأنه قال لقريش: إني أتوحد بكسوة البيت سنة، و عليكم بجماعتكم سنة. و كان له مال كثير و حدائق، و كان له عشر بنين بمكة، و كان له عشرة عبيد، عند كل عبد ألف دينار يتجر بها، و ملك القنطار في ذلك الزمان، و يقال: إن القنطار جلد ثور مملوء ذهبا

So Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed upon His^-azwj Rasool^-saww regarding that:  Leave Me and the one I Created as Al-Waheed [74:11], and he was Named ‘Waheeda’ because he said to the Quraysh, ‘I alone have more clothes in the house for a whole year than the whole of your group has in a year’. And he had a lot of wealth and gardens. And he had ten sons in Makkah, and he had ten office bearers, in the possession of each of them were a thousand Dinaars to trade with, and he was the king of Al-Qantar (enormous wealth) of that time. (Al-Qantar’ is an ox-skin filled with gold).

فأنزل الله عز و جل ذَرْنِي وَ مَنْ خَلَقْتُ وَحِيداً إلى قوله تعالى: صَعُوداً

Thus Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: Leave Me and the one I Created as Al-Waheed [74:11] – up to His^-azwj Words: ever-increasing Punishment [74:17]’.[32]

Al-Waheed is Iblees^-la

شرف الدين النجفي، قال: جاء في تفسير أهل البيت (عليهم السلام): رواه الرجال، عن عمرو بن شمر، عن جابر بن يزيد، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، في قوله عز و جل: ذَرْنِي وَ مَنْ خَلَقْتُ وَحِيداً، [قال‏]:  «يعني بهذه الآية إبليس اللعين، خلقه وحيدا من غير أب و لا أم

Sharaf Al-Deen Najafy said,

‘It has come in the Tafseer of the People^-asws of the Household – The man reported from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir Bin Yazeed, from Abu Ja’far^-asws regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: Leave Me and the one I Created as Al-Waheed [74:11], he^-asws said: ‘The Meaning of this verse is the Accursed Iblees^-la who was Created alone, without a father or mother’.

و قوله: وَ جَعَلْتُ لَهُ مالًا مَمْدُوداً يعني هذه الدولة إلى يوم الوقت المعلوم، يوم يقوم القائم (عليه السلام)

And His^-azwj Words: And Made extensive wealth to be for him [74:12] – Means this government up to the Day of known time, the day of the rising of Al-Qaim^-asws.

وَ بَنِينَ شُهُوداً وَ مَهَّدْتُ لَهُ تَمْهِيداً ثُمَّ يَطْمَعُ أَنْ أَزِيدَ كَلَّا إِنَّهُ كانَ لِآياتِنا عَنِيداً يقول: معاندا للأئمة، يدعو إلى غير سبيلها، و يصد الناس عنها و هي آيات الله

And boys as witnesses [74:13] And the way was paved for him [74:14] Then he covets that I should Increase? [74:15] Never! Surely he was stubborn to Our Signs [74:16]. He^-azwj is Saying: “He^-la (no. 2) disobeyed the Imams^-asws, called to other than their^-asws ways, and repelled the people from it, and they^-asws are the Signs of Allah^-azwj’.[33]

The Signs of Allah^-azwj

قال: و سمعته يقول: «كذبوا بآياتنا كلها، في بطن القرآن، أن كذبوا بالأوصياء كلهم

He (the narrator) said, ‘And I heard him (Abu Ja’far^-asws) saying: ‘They belying our^-asws signs, all of them, in the esoteric of the Quran, and they were belying the succesors^-asws, all of them^-asws’’.[34]

و قال علي بن إبراهيم: الآيات: أمير المؤمنين و الائمة (عليهم السلام)، و الدليل على ذلك‏ قول أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام): «ما لله آية أكبر مني

And Ali Bin Ibrahim said,

‘The Signs are Amir-Al-Momineen^-asws and the Imams^-asws, and the evidence upon that are the words of Amir-Al-Momineen^-asws: ‘There is no ‘Sign’ of Allah^-azwj greater than I^-asws!’[35]

محمد بن يعقوب: عن محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن محمد بن أبي عمير أو غيره، عن محمد بن الفضيل، عن أبي حمزة، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: كان أمير المؤمنين (صلوات الله عليه) يقول: ما لله عز و جل آية هي أكبر مني، و لا لله من نبأ أعظم مني

Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr or someone else, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl, from Abu Hamza,

From Abu Ja’far^-asws having said, Amir-Al-Momineen^-asws was saying: ‘There is no ‘Sign’ of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic which is greater than I^-asws, nor a News from Allah^-azwj greater than I^-asws!’[36]

VERSES 26 – 30

سَأُصْلِيهِ سَقَرَ {26}

I (Allah) will Make him arrive to Saqar [74:26]  

وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا سَقَرُ {27}

And what will make you realize what is Saqar? [74:27]

لَا تُبْقِي وَلَا تَذَرُ {28}

It neither lets remain nor spares (anyone) [74:28]

لَوَّاحَةٌ لِلْبَشَرِ {29}

Scorching for the person [74:29]  

عَلَيْهَا تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ {30}

Upon it are nineteen (appointed angels of Punishment) [74:30]

Seven levels of Hell

وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ‏ فِي قَوْلِهِ: «وَ إِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَمَوْعِدُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ» وُقُوفُهُمْ عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ، وَ أَمَّا «لَها سَبْعَةُ أَبْوابٍ لِكُلِّ بابٍ مِنْهُمْ جُزْءٌ مَقْسُومٌ» فَبَلَغَنِي وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ جَعَلَهَا سَبْعَ دَرَجَاتٍ

And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,

‘From Abu Ja’far^-asws (having said) regarding His^-azwj Words: ‘And surely Hell is Promised to them altogether [15:43], they would be paused upon the Path (bridge). And as for: For it there are seven doors, each door being for an Assigned segment of them [15:44], so it has reached me^-asws, and Allah^-azwj is more Knowing, that Allah^-azwj Made it (Hell) to be of seven levels

أَعْلَاهَا الْجَحِيمُ، يَقُومُ أَهْلُهَا عَلَى الصَّفَا مِنْهَا، تُغْلَى أَدْمِغَتُهُمْ فِيهَا كَغَلْيِ الْقُدُورِ بِمَا فِيهَا

Its top (level) is Al-Jaheem. Its people would be paused upon a hill from it. Their brains would boil therein like the boiling of the pots and whatever is in it.

وَ الثَّانِيَةُ «لَظى‏ نَزَّاعَةً لِلشَّوى‏ تَدْعُوا مَنْ أَدْبَرَ وَ تَوَلَّى وَ جَمَعَ فَأَوْعى‏

And the second (level) It is a Flame [70:15] Dragging them for the roasting [70:16] Claiming ones who turned and fled [70:17] And amassed, then stashed it [70:18].

وَ الثَّالِثَةُ «سَقَرُ لا تُبْقِي وَ لا تَذَرُ لَوَّاحَةٌ لِلْبَشَرِ عَلَيْها تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ

And the third is, Saqar [74:26] It neither lets remain nor spares (anyone) [74:28] Scorching for the person [74:29] Upon it are nineteen [74:30].

وَ الرَّابِعَةُ الْحُطَمَةُ وَ مِنْهَا تَثُورَ «شَرَرٌ كَالْقَصْرِ كَأَنَّهُ جَمَالَةٌ صُفْرٌ» تُدَقُّ مَنْ صَارَ إِلَيْهَا مِثْلَ الْكُحْلِ، فَلَا تَمُوتُ الرُّوحُ، كُلَّمَا صَارُوا مِثْلَ الْكُحْلِ عَادُوا

And the fourth is, Al-Hutama [104:4], and from it is the Revenge. It throws out sparks like towers [77:32] As if it was a string of yellow camels [77:33]. One who comes to it would be pounded like the kohl (powder), but the soul will not be dying. Every time they become like the kohl (powder), they would be returned (to their former state, and the process repeated).

وَ الْخَامِسَةُ الْهَاوِيَةُ فِيهَا مَالِكٌ، يَدْعُونَ يَا مَالِكُ أَغِثْنَا فَإِذَا أَغَاثَهُمْ جَعَلَ لَهُمْ آنِيَةً مِنْ صُفْرٍ مِنْ نَارٍ فِيهَا صَدِيدُ مَا يَسِيلُ مِنْ جُلُودِهِمْ كَأَنَّهُ مُهْلٌ، فَإِذَا رَفَعُوهُ لِيَشْرَبُوا مِنْهُ تَسَاقَطَتْ لَحْمُ وُجُوهِهِمْ مِنْ شِدَّةِ حَرِّهَا، وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ‏ «وَ إِنْ يَسْتَغِيثُوا يُغاثُوا بِماءٍ كَالْمُهْلِ يَشْوِي الْوُجُوهَ بِئْسَ الشَّرابُ وَ ساءَتْ مُرْتَفَقاً» وَ مَنْ هَوَى فِيهَا هَوَى سَبْعِينَ عَاماً فِي النَّارِ، كُلَّمَا احْتَرَقَ جِلْدُهُ بُدِّلَ جِلْداً غَيْرَهُ

And the fifth is Al-Haawiya, wherein is Malik (keeper of Hell). They would be calling out, O Malik! Relieve us’. So when he relieves them, he would make for them a utensil of brass from fire wherein would be puss what would flow from their skins as if it is a respite. So when they raise it to drink from it, their flesh would fall off their faces from the intensity of its heat, and these are the Words of Allah^-azwj: And if they cry out for relief, they would be relieved by water like molten copper grilling their faces. Evil is the drink and worse is the dwelling [18:29]. One who collapses in it would collapse for seventy years in the Fire. Every time his skin incinerates, it would be replaced with another skin.

وَ السَّادِسَةُ هِيَ السَّعِيرُ فِيهَا ثَلَثُمِائَةِ سُرَادِقٍ مِنْ نَارٍ، فِي كُلِّ سُرَادِقٍ ثَلَثُمِائَةِ قَصْرٍ مِنْ نَارٍ، فِي كُلِّ قَصْرٍ ثَلَاثُمِائَةِ بَيْتٍ مِنْ نَارٍ، فِي كُلِّ بَيْتٍ ثَلَثُمِائَةِ لَوْنٍ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ مِنْ غَيْرِ عَذَابِ النَّارِ، فِيهَا حَيَّاتٌ مِنْ نَارٍ، وَ عَقَارِبُ مِنْ نَارٍ، وَ جَوَامِعُ مِنْ نَارٍ، وَ سَلَاسِلُ مِنْ نَارٍ، وَ أَغْلَالٌ مِنْ نَارٍ، وَ هُوَ الَّذِي يَقُولُ اللَّهُ: «إِنَّا أَعْتَدْنا لِلْكافِرِينَ سَلاسِلَ وَ أَغْلالًا وَ سَعِيراً

And the sixth, it is Al-Saeer wherein are three hundred canopies of Fire. In every canopy are three hundred castles of Fire. In every castle are three hundred houses of Fire, In every house are three hundred varieties of the Punishment from other than the Punishment of the Fire. Therein are serpents of Fire, and scorpions of Fire, and gatherings of Fire, and chains of Fire, and shackles of Fire, and it is which Allah^-azwj is Saying: Surely We have Prepared for the Kafirs, chains and shackles and Saeer [76:4].

وَ السَّابِعَةُ جَهَنَّمُ وَ فِيهَا الْفَلَقُ، وَ هُوَ جُبٌّ فِي جَهَنَّمَ إِذَا فُتِحَ أَسْعَرَ النَّارَ سِعْراً، وَ هُوَ أَشَدُّ النَّارِ عَذَاباً، وَ أَمَّا صَعُودٌ فَجَبَلٌ مِنْ صُفْرٍ مِنْ نَارٍ وَسَطَ جَهَنَّمَ، وَ أَمَّا أَثَاماً فَهُوَ وَادٍ مِنْ صُفْرٍ مُذَابٍ يُجْرَى حَوْلَ الْجَبَلِ، فَهُوَ أَشَدُّ النَّارِ عَذَاباً

And the seventh is Jahannum (Hell), and therein is Al-Falaq [113:1], and it is a pit in Hell. Whenever it is opened, the Fire gets inflamed with a blaze, and it is the most severe of the Fires as Punishment. And as for Saoud, so it is a mountain of brass from Fire in the middle of Hell. And as for Asama, so it is a valley of molten brass flowing around the mountains, and it is the most severe of the Fires as Punishment’’.[37]

VERSE 31

وَمَا جَعَلْنَا أَصْحَابَ النَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَائِكَةً ۙ وَمَا جَعَلْنَا عِدَّتَهُمْ إِلَّا فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِيَسْتَيْقِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ وَيَزْدَادَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِيمَانًا ۙ وَلَا يَرْتَابَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۙ وَلِيَقُولَ الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ وَالْكَافِرُونَ مَاذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهَٰذَا مَثَلًا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۚ وَمَا يَعْلَمُ جُنُودَ رَبِّكَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ وَمَا هِيَ إِلَّا ذِكْرَىٰ لِلْبَشَرِ {31}

And have not Made the wardens of the Fire, except the Angels, and We have not Made their number except as a Fitna for those who commit Kufr, and for those Given the Book to be certain, and to increase the Eman of those who believe, and (although) those Given the Book and Momineen do not doubt;

And for those in whose hearts there is a sickness and the Kafirs to be saying, ‘What is that which Allah Intends with these examples?’

Like that, Allah Lets stray one He so Desires to and Guides one He so Desires to. And none knows the armies of your Lord except Him, and it is not, except a Zikr for the humans [74:31]

علي بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْمَاضِي ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِيَسْتَيْقِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتابَ قَالَ يَسْتَيْقِنُونَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ وَصِيَّهُ حَقٌّ

Ali Bin Muhammad, from some of our companions, from Ibn Mahboub, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzayl,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan Al-Maazy^-asws (7^th Imam^-asws), said, ‘I asked Him^-asws about the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: and for those Given the Book to be certain [74:31]’. He^-asws said: ‘That they would become convinced that Allah^-azwj and His^-azwj Rasool^-saww and his^-saww successor^-asws are true’.

قُلْتُ وَ يَزْدادَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِيماناً قَالَ وَ يَزْدَادُونَ بِوَلَايَةِ الْوَصِيِّ إِيمَاناً

I said, ‘and increase the Eman of those who believe’. He^-asws said: ‘And they would be increased in Eman of the Wilayah of the successor^-asws’.

قُلْتُ وَ لا يَرْتابَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتابَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ قَالَ بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ ( عليه السلام ) قُلْتُ مَا هَذَا الِارْتِيَابُ قَالَ يَعْنِي بِذَلِكَ أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ وَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ فَقَالَ وَ لَا يَرْتَابُونَ فِي الْوَلَايَةِ

I said, ‘and (although) those Given the Book and Momineen do not doubt’. He^-asws said: ‘In the Wilayah of Ali^-asws’. I said, ‘What is this doubt?’ He^-asws said: ‘It Means by that the People of the Book and the Momineen whom Allah^-azwj Mentioned, and He^-azwj Said: “And they shall not be doubting regarding the Wilayah”.

قلت: وَ ما هِيَ إِلَّا ذِكْرى لِلْبَشَرِ؟ قال: «نعم، ولاية علي (عليه السلام)

I said, ‘and it is not, except a Zikr for the humans [74:31]?’ He^-asws said: ‘Yes, Wilayah of Ali^-asws’’.[38]

قال أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): قال: «قوله تعالى: قوله تعالى: وَ ما جَعَلْنا أَصْحابَ النَّارِ إِلَّا مَلائِكَةً، قال: «فالنار هو القائم (عليه السلام) الذي أنار ضوؤه و خروجه لأهل المشرق و المغرب، و الملائكة هم الذين يملكون علم آل محمد (صلى الله عليه و آله)

(Sharaf Al Deen Al Najafi) in (the book) Taweel Al Ayaat –

‘(From) Abu Abdullah^-asws. He (the narrator) said: ‘(What about) His Words: And have not Made the wardens of the Fire, except the Angels [74:31]?’ He^-asws said: ‘So the Fire, it is Al-Qaim^-asws whose illumination and his^-asws coming out would be a fire for the people of the east and the west; and the Angels, they are those who learnt the Knowledge of the Progeny^-asws of Muhammad^-saww’.

و قوله تعالى: وَ ما جَعَلْنا عِدَّتَهُمْ إِلَّا فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا، قال: «يعني المرجئة

And for His^-azwj Words: and We have not Made their number except as a Fitna for those who commit Kufr – he^-asws said: ‘It means the Murjiites’.

و قوله تعالى: لِيَسْتَيْقِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتابَ، قال: «هم الشيعة، و هم أهل الكتاب، و هم الذين أوتوا الكتاب و الحكم و النبوة

And the Words of the Exalted: and for those Given the Book to be certain [74:31], he^-asws said: ‘They are the Shias, and they are the People of the Book, and they are the ones who have been Given the Book and the Wisdom and the Prophet-hood’.

و قوله تعالى: وَ يَزْدادَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِيماناً وَ لا يَرْتابَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتابَ «أي لا يشك الشيعة، في شي‏ء من أمر القائم (عليه السلام) وَ لِيَقُولَ الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ وَ الْكافِرُونَ ما ذا أَرادَ اللَّهُ بِهذا مَثَلًا

And the Words of the Exalted: and increase the Eman of those who believe, and (although) those Given the Book and Momineen do not doubt – i.e. the Shias do not doubt in anything from the Matter of Al-Qaim^-asws, And for those in whose hearts there is a sickness, and the Kafirs to be saying, ‘What is that which Allah Intends with these examples?’

فقال الله عز و جل لهم: كَذلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ فالمؤمن يسلم و الكافر يشك

So Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to them. Like that, Allah Lets stray one He so Desires to and Guides one He so Desires to – So the Momin submits, and the Kafir doubts.

و قوله تعالى: وَ ما يَعْلَمُ جُنُودَ رَبِّكَ إِلَّا هُوَ فجنود ربك هم الشيعة و هم شهداء الله في الأرض

And the Words of the Exalted: And none know the armies of your Lord except Him – So the armies of your Lord^-azwj, they are the Shias, and they are the witnesses of Allah^-azwj in the earth.[39]

VERSES 32 – 37

كَلَّا وَالْقَمَرِ {32}

Never! (I Swear) by the moon, [74:32]

وَاللَّيْلِ إِذْ أَدْبَرَ {33}

And the night when it turns back, [74:33]  

وَالصُّبْحِ إِذَا أَسْفَرَ {34}

And the morning when it shines! [74:34]

إِنَّهَا لَإِحْدَى الْكُبَرِ {35}

It is one of the greatest signs [74:35]

نَذِيرًا لِلْبَشَرِ {36}

A warning to the humans [74:36]

لِمَنْ شَاءَ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَتَقَدَّمَ أَوْ يَتَأَخَّرَ {37}

For one of you who desires can either send forward or delay [74:37]

علي بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْمَاضِي ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ

Ali Bin Muhammad, from some of our companions, from Ibn Mahboub, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzayl,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan Al-Maazy^-asws (7^th Imam^-asws), said, ‘I asked Him^-asws about the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Surely it is the great one [74:35]. He^-asws: ‘The Wilayah’.

إِنَّها لَإِحْدَى الْكُبَرِ قَالَ الْوَلَايَةُ قُلْتُ لِمَنْ شاءَ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَتَقَدَّمَ أَوْ يَتَأَخَّرَ قَالَ مَنْ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَى وَلَايَتِنَا أُخِّرَ عَنْ سَقَرَ وَ مَنْ تَأَخَّرَ عَنَّا تَقَدَّمَ إِلَى سَقَرَ إِلَّا أَصْحابَ الْيَمِينِ قَالَ هُمْ وَ اللَّهِ شِيعَتُنَا

I said, ‘For one of you who desires go ahead or stay behind [74:37]’. He^-asws said: ‘The one who goes forward to our^-asws Wilayah would remain away from ‘Saqar’ (inferno of Hell), but the one who remains behind from us^-asws, would go towards the Saqar, Except companions of the right hand [74:39]’. He^-asws said: ‘They, by Allah^-azwj, are our^-asws Shias’. [40]

[ الثعلبي ] روى أبو حمزة الثمالي، عن أبي جعفر الباقر قال: نحن وشيعتنا أصحاب اليمين

Al Sa’alby – Abu Hamza Al Sumaly reported,

Abu Ja’far Al Baqir^-asws has said: ‘We^-asws and our^-asws Shias are the companions of the right hand’.[41]

VERSES 38 & 39

كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ رَهِينَةٌ {38}

Every soul would be held for what it earns [74:38]

إِلَّا أَصْحَابَ الْيَمِينِ {39}

Except companions of the right hand [74:39] 

بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ أَبِي الطَّيِّبِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ الْقُرَشِيِّ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ عَنْ عَنْبَسَةَ الْعَابِدِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ: كُنَّا جُلُوساً مَعَهُ فَتَلَا رَجُلٌ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِما كَسَبَتْ رَهِينَةٌ إِلَّا أَصْحابَ الْيَمِينِ‏ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ وَ مَنْ أَصْحَابُ الْيَمِينِ؟ قَالَ ع شِيعَةُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع

And by this chain, said, ‘It was narrated to us by Abu Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Tayyib Bin Shuayb, from Ahmad Bin Abu Al Qasim Al Qurshy, from Isa Bin Mihran, from Ismail Bin Amayya, from Anbasa Al Aabid, from Jabir Bin Abdullah,

‘From Abu Ja’far Muhammad^-asws Bin Ali^-asws Bin Al-Husayn^-asws, said, ‘We were seated with him^-asws and a man recited this Verse: Every soul would be held for what it earns [74:38] Except companions of the right hand [74:39]. So a (another) man said, ‘And who are the people of the right hand?’ He^-asws said: ‘The Shias of Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws’’.[42]

عنه، عن ابي يوسف يعقوب بن يزيد، عن نوح المضروب، عن ابي شيبة، عن عنبسة العابد، عن ابي جعفر عليه السلام في قول الله عزوجل ” كل نفس بما كسبت رهينة إلا اصحاب اليمين ” قال: هم شيعتنا أهل البيت

From him, from Abu Yusuf Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Nuh Al Mazroub, from Abu Shayba, from Anbasat Al Aabid,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far^-asws regarding the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Every soul would be held for what it earns [74:38] Except companions of the right hand [74:39]. He^-asws said: ‘They are our^-asws Shias, of the People^-asws of the Household’.[43]

وَ عَنْهُ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) اقْصُرْ نَفْسَكَ عَمَّا يَضُرُّهَا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تُفَارِقَكَ وَ اسْعَ فِي فَكَاكِهَا كَمَا تَسْعَى فِي طَلَبِ مَعِيشَتِكَ فَإِنَّ نَفْسَكَ رَهِينَةٌ بِعَمَلِكَ

And from him, raising it, said,

‘Abu Abdullah^-asws said: ‘And from him, raising it, said, ‘Abu Abdullah^-asws said: ‘Limit yourself (soul) from what harms it before it departs from you and strive in its liberation just as you strive in seeking your livelihood, for your soul is pledged with your deeds’’.[44]  

VERSES 40 – 43

فِي جَنَّاتٍ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ {40}

In Gardens, they (residents of Paradise) would be asking [74:40]

عَنِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ {41}

From the criminals [74:41]  

مَا سَلَكَكُمْ فِي سَقَرَ {42}

What brought you into Saqar (Inferno)? [74:42]

قَالُوا لَمْ نَكُ مِنَ الْمُصَلِّينَ {43}

They shall say, ‘We were not from the Musalleen [74:43]

1. Most Muslims (Amma) have translated 74:43 as: we were not from the praying one.[45]

علي بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْمَاضِي ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمْ نَكُ مِنَ الْمُصَلِّينَ قَالَ إِنَّا لَمْ نَتَوَلَّ وَصِيَّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ الْأَوْصِيَاءَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ لَا يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِمْ

Ali Bin Muhammad, from some of our companions, from Ibn Mahboub, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzayl,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan Al-Maazy^-asws (7^th Imam^-asws), said, ‘I asked Him^-asws about the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: They shall say, ‘We were not from the Musalleen [74:43]’. He^-asws said: ‘(They would be saying), ‘We did not (have) the Wilayah of the successor^-asws of Muhammad^-saww and the successors^-asws from after him^-asws, nor did we send Salawat upon them^-asws’. [46]

عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْقُمِّيِّ عَنْ إِدْرِيسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ تَفْسِيرِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ ما سَلَكَكُمْ فِي سَقَرَ. قالُوا لَمْ نَكُ مِنَ الْمُصَلِّينَ قَالَ عَنَى بِهَا لَمْ نَكُ مِنْ أَتْبَاعِ الْأَئِمَّةِ الَّذِينَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِيهِمْ وَ السَّابِقُونَ السَّابِقُونَ. أُولئِكَ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ

Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ismail Bin Mihran, from Al Hassan Al Qummy, from Idrees Bin Abdullah,

‘From Abu Abdullah^-asws, said, ‘I asked him^-asws about the interpretation of this Verse: What brought you into Saqar (Inferno)? [74:42] They shall say, ‘We were not from the Musalleen [74:43], he^-asws said: ‘It Means, ‘We were not the ones who followed the Imams^-asws, those for whom Allah^-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said regarding them^-asws: And the foremost are the foremost [56:10] These are the ones of proximity [56:11].

أَ مَا تَرَى النَّاسَ يُسَمُّونَ الَّذِي يَلِي السَّابِقَ فِي الْحَلْبَةِ مُصَلِّي فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي عَنَى حَيْثُ قَالَ لَمْ نَكُ مِنَ الْمُصَلِّينَ لَمْ نَكُ مِنْ أَتْبَاعِ السَّابِقِينَ

But, have you not seen the people naming the one who follows the preceding one in the (horse) race as ‘Musally’? So that is what they mean when they would be saying, ‘We were not of the ‘Musalleen’, i.e., we were not the ones who followed the foremost one^-asws’.[47]

و عنه، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن موسى النوفلي، عن محمد بن عبد الله، عن أبيه، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن زكريا الموصلي، عن جابر الجعفي، عن أبي جعفر، عن أبيه، عن جده (عليهم السلام): «أن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) قال لعلي (عليه السلام): يا علي، قوله عز و جل فِي جَنَّاتٍ يَتَساءَلُونَ عَنِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ ما سَلَكَكُمْ فِي سَقَرَ و المجرمون هم المنكرون لولايتك

And he said, ‘It was narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa Al-Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from his father, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Zakariya Al-Mowsaly, from Jabir Al-Ju’fy, who has narrated the following:

‘Abu Ja’far^-asws, from his^-asws father^-asws, from his^-asws grandfather^-asws that: ‘The Prophet^-saww said to Ali^-asws: ‘O Ali^-asws! The Words of the Mighty and Majestic: In Gardens, they would be asking [74:40] From the criminals [74:41] What brought you into Saqar (Inferno)? [74:42]. And the criminals, they are the deniers of your^-asws Wilayah’. [48]

[ الكليني ] علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن بعض أصحابه، عن أبي حمزة، عن عقيل الخزاعي: أن أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) كان إذا حضر الحرب يوصي للمسلمين بكلمات فيقول: تعاهدوا الصلاة وحافظوا عليها واستكثروا منها وتقربوا فانها كانت على المؤمنين كتابا موقوتا

Al Kulayni – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from one of his companions, from Abu Hamza, from Aqeel Al Khazai’e that,

‘Amir Al-Momineen^-asws, whenever the battle presented itself, used to advise the Muslims with certain words, so he^-asws was saying: ‘Commit to the Salat (Prayer), and protect over it, and frequent from it, and be closer (to Allah^-azwj), as it was always a timed Ordinance for the Momineen [4:103]?’.

وقد علم ذلك الكفار حين سئلوا ما سلككم في سقر ؟ قالوا: لم نك من المصلين. وقد عرف حقها من طرقها واكرم بها من المؤمنين الذين لا يشغلهم عنها زين متاع ولا قرة عين من مال ولا ولد، يقول الله عزوجل: * (رجال لا تلهيهم تجرة ولا بيع عن ذكر الله وإقام الصلوة)

And the Kafirs knew that, when they would be asked, What brought you into Saqar (Inferno)? [74:42] They shall say, ‘We were not from the Musalleen [74:43]. They had recognised its right from neglecting it, and the Momineen are being adorned by it, who were never too busy from it from the adornments of the enjoyment, nor whatever delighted the eyes from the wealth, nor the sons’. Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: Men whom neither merchandise nor selling diverts from Mentioning Allah and establishing the Salat [24:37].

وكان رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله) منصبا لنفسه بعد البشرى له بالجنة من ربه، فقال عزوجل: * (وأمر أهلك بالصلوة واصطبر عليها) * فكان يأمر بها أهله ويصبر عليها نفسه

And Rasool-Allah^-saww had attributed it to himself^-saww after the good news to him^-saww with the Paradise from his^-saww Lord^-azwj. So Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And order your family with the Salat, and be constant upon it [20:132]’. He^-saww used to order by it to his^-saww family members, and was constant upon it himself^-saww’.[49]

VERSES 44 – 47

وَلَمْ نَكُ نُطْعِمُ الْمِسْكِينَ {44}

And we did not used to feed the poor [74:44]  

وَكُنَّا نَخُوضُ مَعَ الْخَائِضِينَ {45}

And we used to indulge in vanities along with the indulgers in vanities [74:45]  

وَكُنَّا نُكَذِّبُ بِيَوْمِ الدِّينِ {46}

And we used to belie the Day of Religion [74:46]  

حَتَّىٰ أَتَانَا الْيَقِينُ {47}

Until the certainty came to us (now) [74:47]  

و عنه، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن موسى النوفلي، عن محمد بن عبد الله، عن أبيه، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن زكريا الموصلي، عن جابر الجعفي، عن أبي جعفر، عن أبيه، عن جده (عليهم السلام): «أن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) قال لعلي (عليه السلام): يا علي، قوله عز و جل وَ لَمْ نَكُ نُطْعِمُ الْمِسْكِينَ وَ كُنَّا نَخُوضُ مَعَ الْخائِضِينَ فيقول لهم أصحاب اليمين: ليس من هذا أوتيتم، فما الذي سلككم في سقر يا أشقياء؟

And he said, ‘It was narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa Al-Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from his father, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Zakariya Al-Mowsaly, from Jabir Al-Ju’fy, who has narrated the following:

‘Abu Ja’far^-asws, from his^-asws father^-asws, from his^-asws grandfather^-asws that: ‘The Prophet^-saww said to Ali^-asws: ‘O Ali^-asws! The Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And we did not used to feed the poor [74:44] And we used to indulge in vanities along with the indulgers in vanities [74:45]. So the companions of the right hand (Shias) would be saying to them, ‘It isn’t this which brought you here. So: What brought you into Saqar (Inferno)? [74:42], O wretched ones?’

قالوا: كنا نكذب بيوم الدين حتى أتانا اليقين. فقالوا لهم: هذا الذي سلككم في سقر يا أشقياء، و يوم الدين يوم الميثاق حيث جحدوا و كذبوا بولايتك، و عتوا عليك و استكبروا

They would be saying, ‘And we used to belie the Day of Religion [74:46] Until the certainty came to us (now) [74:47]’. So they (Shias) would be saying to them, ‘(Now) this is that which brought you into Saqar, O wretched ones!’ And the Day of Religion is the day of the Covenant when they rejected and belied your^-asws Wilayah, and revolted against you^-asws and were arrogant’’.[50]

قال أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): قال: «قوله تعالى وَ كُنَّا نُكَذِّبُ بِيَوْمِ الدِّينِ، قال: «بيوم خروج القائم (عليه السلام)

(Sharaf Al Deen Al Najafi) in (the book) Taweel Al Ayaat –

‘(From) Abu Abdullah^-asws. He (the narrator) said: ‘(What about) the Words of the Exalted: And we used to belie the Day of Religion [74:46]. He^-asws said: ‘(Belied) the day of the rising of Al-Qaim^-asws’’. [51]

VERSE 48

فَمَا تَنْفَعُهُمْ شَفَاعَةُ الشَّافِعِينَ {48}

So the intercession of intercessors will not benefit them (Ashabul Shimal) [74:48]

There will be no intercession for the Kafirs & the Nasibis

وَ بِهِ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَهْلٍ سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ رُمْحَةَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ حَدَّثَنَا عِمْرَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ الْبَاهِلِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْهَاشِمِيُّ وَ كَانَ يَسْكُنُ إِرْمِينِيَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي وادن عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ

And by him, said, ‘It was informed to us by Abu Sahl Saeed Bin Abu Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Ruhmat, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Rashid, from Imran Bin Abdul Raheem Al Bahily, from Is’haq Bin Bishr, from Yaqoub Bin Musa Al Hashimy, and he had settled in Armenia, from Ibn Abu Wadin, from Ismail Bin Amayya, from Ikrama, from Ibn Abbas,

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‏: مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَحْيَا مَحْيَايَ وَ يَمُوتَ مَمَاتِي وَ يَسْكُنَ جَنَّةَ عَدْنٍ فَلْيَتَوَالَ عَلِيّاً مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ لْيَقْتَدِ بِأَهْلِ بَيْتِي فَإِنَّهُمْ عِتْرَتِي خُلِقُوا مِنْ طِينَتِي وَ رُزِقُوا فَهْمِي وَ عِلْمِي فَوَيْلٌ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ بِفَضْلِهِمْ مِنْ أُمَّتِي الْقَاطِعِينَ مِنْهُمْ صِلَتِي لَا أَنَالَهُمُ اللَّهُ شَفَاعَتِي

‘Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘The one whom it joys that he lives my^-saww life and dies my^-saww passing away, and settles in the Garden of Eden, so let him befriend Ali^-asws from after me^-saww, and let him be guided by the People^-asws of my^-saww Household, for they^-asws are my^-saww family, having been Created from my^-saww clay and have been Graced my^-saww understanding and my^-saww knowledge. So, woe be unto the beliers from my^-saww community of their^-asws merits, the ones from them cutting off my^-saww relationship. Allah^-azwj will not let them attain my^-saww intercession’.[52]

أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْخُ الْأَمِينُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ شَهْرِيَارَ الْخَازِنُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فِي شَوَّالٍ مِنْ شُهُورِ سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ وَ خَمْسِمِائَةٍ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ بِمَشْهَدِ مَوْلَانَا أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْخُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِابْنِ الْبُرْسِيِّ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّرِيفُ الزَّاهِدُ أَبُو هَاشِمٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْكَاظِمِ ع قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ بِالْكُوفَةِ فِي جَامِعِهَا يَوْمَ الْإِثْنَيْنِ لِأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ وَ ثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ النَّحْوِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ طَيِّبٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ

It was informed to us by the trustworthy Sheykh Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Shahriyar Al Khazin, during Shawwal from the months of the year five hundred and twelve, reading upon it at the location of our Master^-asws Amir Al Momineen Ali Bin Abu Talib^-asws, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, well known as Ibn Al Bursy, from the noble, the ascetic Abu Hashim Muhammad Bin Hamza Bin Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Muhammad son of Musa Al Kazim^-asws, from Abu Abdullah Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Musa Bin Babuwayh at Al Kufa during the second day of his gathering on the fourteenth night of Zilhijjaj of the year three hundred and seventy eight, from Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Al Nahwy, from Abu Al Qasim Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Al Ashary, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Tayyib, from Ja’far Bin Khalid, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Huzeyfa Bin Mansour who said,

كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِذْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ لِي أَخاً لَا يُوَلِّي مِنْ مَحَبَّتِكُمْ وَ إِجْلَالِكُمْ وَ تَعْظِيمِكُمْ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ إِنَّهُ لَعَظِيمٌ أَنْ يَكُونَ مُحِبُّنَا بِهَذِهِ الْحَالَةِ وَ لَكِنْ أَ لَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِشَرٍّ مِنْ هَذَا النَّاصِبُ لَنَا شَرٌّ مِنْهُ

‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah^-asws when a man came over to him^-asws and he said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you^-asws! There is a brother of mine who is close to your^-asws love and your^-asws majesty and your^-asws reverence, apart from that, he drinks the wine’. So Al-Sadiq^-asws said: ‘It is grievous (matter) that one who loves us^-asws would be in this state! But, shall I^-asws inform you with one more evil than this? (It is) the Nasibi (Hostile one) to us^-asws is more evil than him.

وَ إِنَّ أَدْنَى الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ لَيْسَ فِيهِمْ دَنِيٌّ لَيَشْفَعُ فِي مِائَتَيْ إِنْسَانٍ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَ الْأَرَضِينَ السَّبْعِ وَ الْبِحَارِ السَّبْعِ تَشَفَّعُوا فِي نَاصِبِي مَا شُفِّعُوا فِيهِ إِلَّا أَنَّ هَذَا لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يَتُوبَ أَوْ يَبْتَلِيَهُ اللَّهُ بِبَلَاءٍ فِي جَسَدِهِ فَيَكُونُ تَحْبِيطاً لِخَطَايَاهُ حَتَّى يَلْقَى اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَا ذَنْبَ عَلَيْهِ إِنَّ شِيعَتَنَا عَلَى السَّبِيلِ الْأَقْوَمِ

And the lowest of the Momin, and there isn’t a low one among them, he would intercede regarding two hundred human beings, and if (all) the inhabitants of the seven skies and the seven earths, and the seven seas were to seek intercession regarding a Nasibi (Hostile one), He^-azwj would not Intercede regarding him. This one would not exit from the world until he repents or Allah^-azwj Afflicts him with an affliction in his body, so it would happen to be a compensation of his mistakes, until he would meet Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic and there would be no sin upon him. Our^-asws Shias are upon the most correct of ways’.

ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ أَبِي كَانَ كَثِيراً مَا يَقُولُ أَحْبِبْ حَبِيبَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَ موقفا زبالا [مُرَهَّقاً ذَيَّالًا] وَ أَبْغِضْ بَغِيضَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَ صَوَّاماً قَوَّاماً

Then he^-asws said: ‘My^-asws father^-asws was frequently saying: ‘I^-asws love the one who loves the Progeny^-asws of Muhammad^-saww and even if his attitude was rubbish (annoying, troublesome) and I^-asws hate the one who hates the Progeny^-asws of Muhammad^-saww, and even if he was Fasting and standing (for Salat)’.[53]

VERSES 49 – 51

فَمَا لَهُمْ عَنِ التَّذْكِرَةِ مُعْرِضِينَ {49}

So what is the matter with them, turning away from the Tazkira (rememberance)? [74:49]

NB: General Muslims (Amma) – do not mention Tazkira (remembrance)[54]

كَأَنَّهُمْ حُمُرٌ مُسْتَنْفِرَةٌ {50}

As if they were frightened donkeys [74:50]

فَرَّتْ مِنْ قَسْوَرَةٍ {51}

Fleeing from a lion (A single Lion- Imam Ali – the lion of Allah) [74:51]

أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): قال: «قوله تعالى: فَما لَهُمْ عَنِ التَّذْكِرَةِ مُعْرِضِينَ، قال: يعني بالتذكرة ولاية أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)

(Sharaf Al Deen Al Najafi) in (the book) Taweel Al Ayaat –

‘(From) Abu Abdullah^-asws. He (the narrator) said: ‘(What about) the Words of the Exalted: So what is the matter with them, turning away from the Tazkira? [74:49]?’ He^-asws said: ‘It means by the Tazkira, Wilayah of Amir Al-Momineen^-asws’.

و قوله تعالى: كَأَنَّهُمْ حُمُرٌ مُسْتَنْفِرَةٌ فَرَّتْ مِنْ قَسْوَرَةٍ، قال: « [يعني‏] كأنهم حمر وحش فرت من الأسد حين رأته، و كذلك المرجئة  إذا سمعت بفضل آل محمد (عليهم السلام) نفرت عن الحق

And the Words of the Exalted: As if they were frightened donkeys [74:50] Fleeing from a lion [74:51]. He^-asws said: ‘As if they were wild donkeys fleeing from the lion when they see it, and like that are the Murjiites when they hear the merits of the Progeny^-asws of Muhammad^-saww, they flee from the Truth’’.[55]

أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْخُ الْعَفِيفُ أَبُو الْبَقَاءِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ فِي صَفَرٍ سَنَةَ عَشْرٍ وَ خَمْسِمِائَةٍ بِمَشْهَدِ مَوْلَانَا أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي الشَّيْخُ أَبُو طَالِبٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَخْلَدٍ الْمَدَارِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْمُفَضَّلِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ فِي شَعْبَانَ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَ ثَمَانِينَ وَ ثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ بِبَغْدَادَ فِي نَهَرِ الدَّجَاجِ فِي دَارِ الصَّيْدَاوِيِّ الْمُنْشِدِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَعْقِلٍ الْعِجْلِيُّ القرماساني [الْقِرْمِيسِينِيُ‏] بِشَهْرَزُورَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي الصُّهْبَانِ الْبَاهِلِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ الْأَحْمَرِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ

It was informed to us by the Sheykh, the chaste, Abu Al Baqa’a Ibrahim Bin Al Hassan al Basry, reading upon it during Safar of the year five hundred and ten, at the location of our Master Amir Al-Momineen Al^-aswsi Bin Abu Talib^-asws, from Al Sheykh Abu Talib Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Utba, from Abu Al Husayn Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Makhlad Al Madary, from Abu Al Mufazzal Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Al Muttalib Al Shaybani, during Shaban of the year three hundred and eighty six at Baghdad, at the river Dajjaj in the house of Al Saydawy Al Munshid, from Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Ma’qal Al Ijaly Al Qarmasany (Al Qirmaysiny) at Shahrazour, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Suhban Al Bahily, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Aban Bin Usman Al Ahmar, from Aban Bin Taghlub, from Ikrama, a slave of Abdullah Bin Abbas, from Abdullah Bin Abbas,

عَقِمَ النِّسَاءُ أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِمِثْلِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ مَا كَشَفَ النِّسَاءُ ذُيُولَهُنَّ عَنْ مِثْلِهِ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ فَارِساً مُحْدِثاً يُوزَنُ بِهِ لَرَأَيْتُهُ يَوْماً وَ نَحْنُ مَعَهُ بِصِفِّينَ وَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ عِمَامَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ وَ كَأَنَّ عَيْنَيْهِ سِرَاجَا سَلِيطٍ تَتَوَقَّدَانِ مِنْ تَحْتِهِمَا يَقِفُ عَلَى شِرْذِمَةٍ يَخْطُبُهُمْ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى نَفَرٍ أَنَا فِيهِمْ وَ طَلَعَتْ خَيْلٌ لِمُعَاوِيَةَ (لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ) تُدْعَى بِالْكَتِيبَةِ الشَّهْبَاءِ عَشَرَةُ آلَافِ دَارِعٍ عَلَى عَشَرَةِ آلَافِ أَشْهَبَ فَاقْشَعَرَّ النَّاسُ لَهَا لَمَّا رَأَوْهَا وَ انْحَازَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ

‘The women were futile from coming with (a child) the like of Amir Al-Momineen Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws, they could not uncover their veil from the like of him^-asws. No, by Allah^-azwj! I did not see a horseman as modern riding with it. I saw him^-asws one day, and we were with him^-asws at Siffeen, and upon his^-asws head was a black turban, and it was as if his^-asws eyes were two lamps being ignited from beneath the two, pausing upon a platoon, addressing them until he^-asws ended up to a number, me being among them, and the cavalry of Muawiya (may Allah^-azwj Curse him) emerged, called Al Shaba’a battalion of ten thousand armed and ten thousand mixed. So the people were frightened to it due to what they saw and aligned with each other.

فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِيمَا النَّخْعُ وَ الْخَنْعُ أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ هَلْ هِيَ إِلَّا أَشْخَاصٌ مَائِلَةٌ فِيهَا قُلُوبٌ طَائِرَةٌ لَوْ مَسَّتْهَا سُيُوفُ أَهْلِ الْحَقِّ لَرَأَيْتُمُوهَا كَجَرَادٍ بِقِيعَةٍ سَفَّتْهُ الرِّيحُ فِي يَوْمٍ عَاصِفٍ أَلَا فَاسْتَشْعِرُوا الْخَشْيَةَ وَ تَجَلْبَبُوا السَّكِينَةَ وَ ادَّرِعُوا الصَّبْرَ وَ غُضُّوا الْأَصْوَاتَ وَ قَلِّقُوا الْأَسْيَافَ فِي الْأَغْمَادِ قَبْلَ السَّلَّةِ وَ انْظُرُوا الْخَزْرَ وَ اطْعُنُوا الشَّزْرَ وَ كَافِحُوا بِالظُّبَى

So Amir Al-Momineen^-asws said: ‘Regarding what is the flipping and the dispersion? People of Al Iraq! Is it except for the persons who are inclining wherein are flying hearts? If the swords of the people of the truth were to touch these (hearts), you would see them like locusts, on a spot struck by the wind during a stormy day. Indeed! Be aware of the fear of Allah^-azwj, and bring about the tranquillity and arm yourselves with the patience and lower your voices, and shake the swords in the sheaths before the brandishing, and lookout at both the sides and stab your spears from both sides and fight with the mountain goats (cowardly fleeing enemies).

وَ صِلُوا السُّيُوفَ بِالْخُطَى وَ النِّبَالَ بِالرِّمَاحِ وَ عَاوِدُوا الْكَرَّ وَ اسْتَحْيُوا مِنَ الْفَرِّ فَإِنَّهُ عَارٌ فِي الْأَعْقَابِ وَ نَارٌ يَوْمَ الْحِسَابِ فَطِيبُوا عَنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ نَفْساً وَ امْشُوا إِلَى الْمَوْتِ مَشْيَةً سُجُحاً فَإِنَّكُمْ بِعَيْنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَعَ أَخِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَلَيْكُمْ‏ بِهَذَا السُّرَادِقِ الْأَدْلَمِ وَ الرِّوَاقِ الْمُظْلِمِ وَ اضْرِبُوا ثَبَجَهُ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ رَاقِدٌ فِي كَسْرِهِ نَاقِشٌ حِضْنَيْهِ مُفْتَرِشٌ ذِرَاعَيْهِ قَدْ قَدَّمَ لِلْوَثْبَةِ يَداً وَ أَخَّرَ لِلنُّكُوصِ رِجْلًا

And strike your swords with the pace, and the darting of the spears, and repeat the striking, and be ashamed from fleeing for it would be a shame among the posterity, and (you would be in the) Fire on the Day of Reckoning. Therefore, make good your own selves and walk towards the death with an easy walk, for you all are in the Eyes of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic and with the brother of Rasool-Allah^-saww. And it is upon you with this pitched tent (of Muawiya) and the dark alleyway, and strike at its centre, for the Satan^-la is lying down in in it corner, arguing in his^-la lap, with wide open arms, having had extended his^-la hand for the attacking and holding back the legs for the retreating.

فَصَمْداً صَمْداً حَتَّى يَنْجَلِيَ لَكُمْ عَمُودُ الْحَقِ‏ وَ أَنْتُمُ الْأَعْلَوْنَ وَ اللَّهُ مَعَكُمْ وَ لَنْ يَتِرَكُمْ أَعْمالَكُمْ‏ هَا أَنَا شَادٌّ فَشُدُّوا بِسْمِ اللَّهِ‏ حم‏ لَا يُنْصَرُونَ

Therefore, endue with an endurance until the pillars of the truth are clear upon you, So do not slacken and call to the peace while you are on top, and Allah is with you and will never Deprive you for your deeds [47:35]. Here I^-asws am, fighting, and you should be fighting (as well) in the Name of Allah^-azwj, and they will not be victorious’.

ثُمَّ حَمَلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَى ذُرِّيَّتِهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَ السَّلَامُ حَمْلَةً وَ تَبِعَتْهُ خُوَيْلَةٌ لَمْ تَبْلُغِ الْمِائَةَ فَارِسٍ فَأَجَالَهُمْ فِيهَا جَوَلَانَ الرَّحَى الْمُسَرَّحَةِ بِثِقَالِهَا فَارْتَفَعَتْ عَجَاجَةٌ مَنَعَتْنِي النَّظَرُ ثُمَّ انْجَلَتْ فَأَثْبَتُّ النَّظَرَ فَلَمْ نَرَ إِلَّا رَأْساً نَادِراً وَ يَداً طَائِحَةً فِيمَا كَانَ بِأَسْرَعَ مِنْ أَنْ وَلَّوْا مُدْبِرِينَ‏ كَأَنَّهُمْ حُمُرٌ مُسْتَنْفِرَةٌ فَرَّتْ مِنْ قَسْوَرَةٍ

Then Amir Al-Momineen^-asws, may the Salawat and the greetings be upon him^-asws and his^-asws offspring, attacked, and the cavalry followed him^-asws, (their number) not reaching a hundred horsemen. So he^-asws trapped them with an encircling of a millstone. They were disbanded by their heaviness. The raising of the dust prevented me from the sighting. Then it receded, so I focused the sight but we did not see except for a rare head and a fallen hand among what was very quick from their turning away departing: As if they were frightened donkeys [74:50] Fleeing from a lion [74:51].

فَإِذَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَدْ أَقْبَلَ وَ سَيْفَهُ يَنْطُفُ وَ وَجْهُهُ كَشِقَّةِ الْقَمَرِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ‏ فَقاتِلُوا أَئِمَّةَ الْكُفْرِ إِنَّهُمْ لا أَيْمانَ لَهُمْ‏

And there was Amir Al Momineen^-asws having had returned, and his^-asws sword was dripping (with blood) and his^-asws face like the bright moon, and he^-asws was saying  then fight the imams of Kufr – surely their oaths (mean) nothing [9:12]’.[56]  

VERSES 52 & 53

بَلْ يُرِيدُ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يُؤْتَىٰ صُحُفًا مُنَشَّرَةً {52}

But, every person from them wants to be Given pages spread out [74:52]  

كَلَّا ۖ بَلْ لَا يَخَافُونَ الْآخِرَةَ {53}

Never! But, they are not fearing the Hereafter [74:53]

أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: ثم قال الله تعالى: بَلْ يُرِيدُ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يُؤْتى صُحُفاً مُنَشَّرَةً، قال: «يريد كل رجل من المخالفين أن ينزل عليه كتاب من السماء

(Sharaf Al Deen Al Najafi) in (the book) Taweel Al Ayaat –

‘(From) Abu Abdullah^-asws having said: ‘Then Allah^-azwj the Exalted Said: ‘But, every person from them wants to be Given pages spread out [74:52]. He^-asws said: ‘Every man from the adversaries wants that a Book be Revealed unto him from the sky. 

ثم قال الله تعالى: كَلَّا بَلْ لا يَخافُونَ الْآخِرَةَ، قال: «هي دولة القائم (عليه السلام)

Then Allah^-azwj the Exalted Said: ‘Never! But, they are not fearing the Hereafter [74:53]. He^-asws said: ‘It is the government of Al-Qaim^-asws (they are not fearing)’’. [57]

علي بن إبراهيم: و في رواية أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، في قوله: بَلْ يُرِيدُ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يُؤْتى صُحُفاً مُنَشَّرَةً: «و ذلك أنهم قالوا: يا محمد، قد بلغنا أن الرجل من بني إسرائيل كان يذنب الذنب فيصبح و ذنبه مكتوب عند رأسه و كفارته

Ali Bin Ibrahim (said), ‘And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,

‘From Abu Ja’far^-asws regarding His^-azwj Words: But, every person from them wants to be Given pages spread out [74:52], said: ‘And that is because they were saying, ‘O Muhammad^-saww! It has reached us that the man from the Children of Israel used to commit the sin, so he would wake up in the morning, and his sin was written by his head, and its penalty’.

فنزل جبرئيل (عليه السلام) على النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) و قال: يسألك قومك سنة بني إسرائيل في الذنوب، فإن شاءوا فعلنا ذلك بهم و أخذناهم بما كنا نأخذ به بني إسرائيل

So, Jibraeel^-as descended unto the Prophet^-saww and said: ‘Your^-saww people are asking you^-saww for a Sunnah of the Children of Israel regarding the sins. So if they so desire, we can do that with them, and we shall seize them due to what we used to seize Children of Israel with’.

فزعموا أن رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) كره ذلك لقومه

They are alleging that Rasool-Allah^-saww used to dislike that for his^-saww people’’.[58]

 VERSES 54 – 56

كَلَّا إِنَّهُ تَذْكِرَةٌ {54}

Never! It is a Tazkira [74:54]  

فَمَنْ شَاءَ ذَكَرَهُ {55}

So, the one who desires it, would pay heed [74:55]

وَمَا يَذْكُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ ۚ هُوَ أَهْلُ التَّقْوَىٰ وَأَهْلُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ {56}

And they will not be paying heed except if Allah so Desires. He is rightful to be feared and rightful for (Granting) the Forgiveness [74:56]

علي بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْمَاضِي ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَما لَهُمْ عَنِ التَّذْكِرَةِ مُعْرِضِينَ؟ قال: «عن الولاية معرضين

Ali Bin Muhammad, from some of our companions, from Ibn Mahboub, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzayl,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan Al-Maazy^-asws (7^th Imam^-asws), said, ‘I asked Him^-asws about the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: So what is the matter with them, turning away from the Tazkira? [74:49]. He^-asws said: ‘Turning away from the Wilayah’’.

قلت: كَلَّا إِنَّها تَذْكِرَةٌ؟ قال: «الولاية

I said, ‘Never! It is a Tazkira [74:54]?’ He^-asws said: ‘The Wilayah’’.[59]

أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: ثم قال تعالى بعد أن عرفهم التذكرة هي الولاية: كَلَّا إِنَّهُ تَذْكِرَةٌ فَمَنْ شاءَ ذَكَرَهُ‏ وَ ما يَذْكُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشاءَ اللَّهُ هُوَ أَهْلُ التَّقْوى وَ أَهْلُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ، قال: «فالتقوى في هذا الموضع هو النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و المغفرة أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)

(Sharaf Al Deen Al Najafi) in (the book) Taweel Al Ayaat –

‘(From) Abu Abdullah^-asws having said: ‘The Allah^-azwj the Exalted, after Making them recognise that the ‘Tazkira’, it is the Wilayah of Ali^-asws, Said: Never! It is a Tazkira [74:54] So the one who desires it, would pay heed [74:55] And they will not be paying heed except if Allah so Desires. He is rightful to be feared and rightful for (Granting) the Forgiveness [74:56]. He^-asws said: ‘So the piety in this place is the Prophet^-saww, and the Forgiveness is Amir-Al-Momineen^-asws’.[60]

ابن بابويه، قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد، قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب، عن علي بن أسباط، عن علي بن أبي حمزة، عن أبي بصير، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، في قول الله عز و جل: هُوَ أَهْلُ التَّقْوى وَ أَهْلُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ، [قال‏]: «قال الله تبارك و تعالى: أنا أهل أن أتقى، و لا يشرك بي عبدي شيئا

Ibn Babuwayh said, ‘It was narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khattab, from Ali Bin Asbat, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer,

‘From Abu Abdullah^-asws regarding the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: He is rightful to be feared and rightful for (Granting) the Forgiveness [74:56], he^-asws said: ‘Allah^-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said: “I^-azwj am the rightful to be feared, and My^-azwj servant should not associate anything with Me^-azwj!

و أنا أهل إن لم يشرك بي عبدي شيئا أن أدخله الجنة

And I^-azwj am the rightful that if My^-azwj servant does not associate anything with Me^-azwj, I^-azwj should Enter him into the Paradise!”

و قال (عليه السلام): إن الله تبارك و تعالى أقسم بعزته [و جلاله‏] أن لا يعذب أهل التوحيد بالنار أبدا

And he^-asws said: ‘Surely Allah^-azwj Blessed and Exalted Swore by His^-azwj Mighty and His^-azwj Majesty that He^-azwj will not Punish the people of Al-Tawheed with the Fire, ever!’’.[61]

Appendix: Spending:

محمد بن يعقوب: عن علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن ابن أبي عمير، عن رجل، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام). في قوله عز و جل: وَ يَسْئَلُونَكَ ما ذا يُنْفِقُونَ قُلِ الْعَفْوَ. قال: العفو: الوسط

Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from a man,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah^-asws regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And they are asking you what they should be spending. Say: ‘The surplus’ [2:219]. He^-asws said: ‘The surplus – the middle (neither too much nor too little)’.[62]

عن عبد الرحمن، قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (عليه السلام) عن قوله: وَ يَسْئَلُونَكَ ما ذا يُنْفِقُونَ قُلِ الْعَفْوَ. قال: «الَّذِينَ إِذا أَنْفَقُوا لَمْ يُسْرِفُوا وَ لَمْ يَقْتُرُوا وَ كانَ بَيْنَ ذلِكَ قَواماً – قال-: نزلت هذه بعد هذه، هي الوسط». تفسير العيّاشي

From Abdul Rahman who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah^-asws about His^-azwj Words: And they are asking you what they should be spending. Say: ‘The surplus’ [2:219]. He^-asws said: ‘And those, when they are spending are neither extravagant nor are they stingy, and they are And they who when they spend, are neither extravagant nor stingy, and they happen to be moderate between that [25:67]. He^-asws said: ‘This was Revealed after this. It is the moderation’’.[63]

عن يوسف، عن أبي عبد الله، أو أبي جعفر (عليهما السلام)، في قوله تعالى: وَ يَسْئَلُونَكَ ما ذا يُنْفِقُونَ قُلِ الْعَفْوَ. قال: «الكفاف

From Yusuf, from Abu Abdullah^-asws or Abu Ja’far^-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: And they are asking you what they should be spending. Say: ‘The surplus’ [2:219]. He^-asws said: ‘The subsistence’.

و في رواية أبي بصير: «القصد

And in a report of Abu Baseer, ‘(He^-asws said): ‘The moderate (amount)’’.[64]

و عنه، قال: و عن أبي جعفر الباقر (عليه السلام): «العفو: ما فضل عن قوت السنة

And from him, who said, ‘And from Abu Ja’far Al Baqir^-asws (having said): ‘‘The surplus’ [2:219] – is what is the excess from the provision of the year’’.[65]

[1] تفسير القمي، ج‏2، ص: 393

[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 9, The book of Argumentation, Ch 1 H 147

[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 9, The book of Argumentation, Ch 1 H 148

[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 9, The book of Argumentation, Ch 2 H 20

[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 23 H 19

[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 23 H 23

[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 23 H 24

[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 67 H 41

[9] (ثواب الأعمال: 120.)

[10] Tafseer Al Burhan – H 11180

[11] (خواص القرآن: 12 «مخطوط»)

[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 18, The book of our Prophet-saww, P 3 Ch 1 H 30

[13] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 53 The book of History – Imam Al Mahdi^ajtf, Ch 29 H 10

[14] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 53 The book of History – Imam Al Mahdi^ajtf, Ch 29 H 11

[15] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 53 The book of History – Imam Al Mahdi^ajtf, Ch 29 H 55

[16] (مختصر بصائر الدرجات: 26.)

[17] (مختصر بصائر الدرجات: 26)

[18] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 12 H 1

[19] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 12 H 2

[20] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 12 H 4

[21] (الكافي 6: 457/ 11)

[22] (الكافي 2: 362/ 1.)

[23] (تأويل الآيات 2: 732/ 2.)

[24] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 80 H 30

[25] (تأويل الآيات 2: 732/ 3.)

[26] (كمال الدين و تمام النعمة: 349/ 42.)

[27] Shakir 74:11] Leave Me and him whom I created alone,

[Pickthal 74:11] Leave Me (to deal) with him whom I created lonely,

[Yusufali 74:11] Leave Me alone, (to deal) with the (creature) whom I created (bare and) alone!-

[28] Shakir 74:13] And sons dwelling in his presence,

[Pickthal 74:13] And sons abiding in his presence

[Yusufali 74:13] And sons to be by his side!-

[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 30, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 20 H 24

[30] (مجمع البيان 9: 584.)

[31] (تفسير القمّي 2: 394.)

[32] (تفسير القمّي 2: 393)

[33] (تأويل الآيات 2: 734/ 5.)

[34] تفسير القمّي 1: 199. (Extract)

[35] تفسير القمّي 1: 309.

[36] الكافي 1: 161/ 3 (Extract)

[37] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج‏3، ص: 17 H 60

[38] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 108 H 91 (Extract)

[39] تأويل الآيات 2: 734/ 6

[40] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 108 H 91 (Extract)

[41] Hadeeth No. 345 – (Non-Shiah Source)

[42] Bashaarat Al Mustafa^saww Li Shia Al Murtaza^asws – P 4 H 57

[43] Al Mahaasin – V 1 Bk 4 – H 139

[44] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 202 H 8

[45] [Shakir 74:43] They shall say: We were not of those who prayed;

[Pickthal 74:43] They will answer: We were not of those who prayed

[Yusufali 74:43] They will say: “We were not of those who prayed;

[46] (الكافي 1: 360/ 91) – Extract

[47] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 108 H 38

[48] (تأويل الآيات 2: 738/ 9.) (Extract)

[49] Tafseer Abu Hamza Al Sumaly – H 68

[50] (تأويل الآيات 2: 738/ 9.) (Extract)

[51] (تأويل الآيات 2: 734/ 6) (Extract)

[52] Bashaarat Al Mustafa^saww Li Shia Al Murtaza^asws – P 4 H 25

[53] Bashaarat Al Mustafa^saww Li Shia Al Murtaza^asws – P 2 H 3

[54] [Shakir 74:49] What is then the matter with them, that they turn away from the admonition

[Pickthal 74:49] Why now turn they away from the Admonishment,

[Yusufali 74:49] Then what is the matter with them that they turn away from admonition?-

[55] (تأويل الآيات 2: 734/ 6) (Extract)

[56] Bashaarat Al Mustafa^saww Li Shia Al Murtaza^asws – P 3 H 48

[57] (تأويل الآيات 2: 734/ 6) (Extract)

[58] تفسير القمّي 2: 596.

[59] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 108 H 91 (Extract)

[60] (تأويل الآيات 2: 734/ 6)

[61] التوحيد: 19/ 6

[62] الكافي 4: 52/ 3.

[63] 1: 106/ 315.

[64] تفسير العيّاشي 1: 106/ 316 و 317.

[65] مجمع البيان 2: 558.