Summary:
The urine and stool of human beings are ‘Najis’ and one has to clean oneself, with water, every time one uses WC and then can perform Wuzu (for acts of worship, i.e., Salat). Some Ahadith are presented on how to cleanse oneself after passing urine and stool.
Most people understand without any ambiguity the cleaning/washing of the private parts, however, the term ‘Istibra’ (only for men) is relatively less understood. It is the process of making urethra free from drops of urine, whereas the term ‘Astanja’ is to wash filth, i.e., urethra at least twice with water. The aim of the article to highlight the ‘Istibra’, however, other general Ahadith are also included related to washing after use of the WC.
وَ رَوَى غَيْرُهُ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَبُولُ ثُمَّ يَسْتَنْجِي ثُمَّ يَرَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بَلَلًا أَنَّهُ إِذَا بَالَ فَخَرَطَ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَقْعَدَةِ وَ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ غَمَزَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا ثُمَّ اسْتَنْجَى فَإِنْ سَالَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ السُّوقَ فَلَا يُبَالِي
And he has narrated about a person who after urinating performing ‘Istanja’ (washing with water) but then sees wetness, Imam-asws said, if after urinating he presses three times from the far end to the urination orifice, so that whatever is there is squeezed out (performing of the Istibra), and then if he feels something draining down to (even) his calf (area), he should just ignore it.[1]
Istibra is also recommend when water is not available, for example in the following Hadith:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع رَجُلٌ بَالَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهُ مَاءٌ فَقَالَ يَعْصِرُ أَصْلَ ذَكَرِهِ إِلَى طَرَفِهِ ثَلَاثَ عَصَرَاتٍ وَ يَنْتُرُ طَرَفَهُ فَإِنْ خَرَجَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ الْبَوْلِ وَ لَكِنَّهُ مِنَ الْحَبَائِلِ
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father. from Hammad. from Hariz, from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said:
‘I once asked Abu Ja’far-asws about a man who urinates but does not have water to wash it clean. He (the Imam-asws) said, ‘He must drain his urine passageway by pressing (with his fingers), all the way to the tip (the discharge orifice), three times, to where the passageway separates from the bones (performing of the Istibra). Thereafter if any moisture comes out it is not urine rather it’s the moisture associated with the veins.’[2]
When extra careful, sometimes one thinks that his cloths becomes ‘Najis’ (dirty) from urine or if a splash from the WC hits one’s clothes, however, that’s not the case, as this does not make one Najis (unclean), see two Ahadith below:
عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ فِي قُرْبِ الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الطَّيَالِسِيِّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قُلْتُ الرَّجُلُ يَبُولُ وَ يَنْتَفِضُ وَ يَتَوَضَّأُ ثُمَّ يَجِدُ الْبَلَلَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ شَيْئاً[3] إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْحَبَائِل[4]
Abd Allah Ibn Jafar Al-Hameeri has narrated referring to Mohammed Ibn Khalid Al-Tayalisi, from Ismail ibn Abd Al-Khalid, who says:
I asked from Abu Abd Allah-asws regarding a person who, after urinating, performs Istibra then performs Wuzu but feels some wetness, what shall he do? Imam-asws replied: There is nothing for him (to be done), it’s the wetness from the veins of backside. [5]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنِ الْأَحْوَلِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) أَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْخَلَاءِ فَأَسْتَنْجِي بِالْمَاءِ فَيَقَعُ ثَوْبِي فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَاءِ الَّذِي اسْتَنْجَيْتُ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina, from Al Ahowl who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘I come out of the toilet, then I clean myself with the water. So, something from that water hits my clothes which I have cleaned myself with’. So he-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it’.[6]
Introduction:
Allah-azwj Likes cleanliness. Allah-azwj has Praised the people who built Masjid Quba, for their love of purification:
لَا تَقُمْ فِيهِ أَبَدًا ۚ لَمَسْجِدٌ أُسِّسَ عَلَى التَّقْوَىٰ مِنْ أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَقُومَ فِيهِ ۚ فِيهِ رِجَالٌ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَتَطَهَّرُوا ۚ وَاللَّهُ يُحِبُّ الْمُطَّهِّرِينَ {108}
Do not stand in it, ever, for a Masjid founded upon the piety from the first day is more rightful that you should be standing in it.
Therein are men who love to be purified, and Allah Loves the purifying ones [9:108]
عن الحلبي، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: سألته عن قول الله: فِيهِ رِجالٌ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَتَطَهَّرُوا، قال: «الذين يحبون أن يتطهروا نظف الوضوء، و هو الاستنجاء بالماء- و قال:- نزلت هذه الآية في أهل قبا».
From Al-Halby,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: Therein are men who love to be purified [9:108]. He-asws said: ‘The ones who loved that they should purify with clean Wuzu, and it is the cleaning with the water (after toilet)’. And he-asws said: ‘This Verse was Revealed regarding the people of (Masjid) Quba’.[7]
What breaks the Ablution (Wuzu/Wudhu/Wudu)?
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) مَا يَنْقُضُ الْوُضُوءَ فَقَالَا مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ طَرَفَيْكَ الْأَسْفَلَيْنِ مِنَ الدُّبُرِ وَ الذَّكَرِ غَائِطٌ أَوْ بَوْلٌ أَوْ مَنِيٌّ أَوْ رِيحٌ وَ النَّوْمُ حَتَّى يُذْهِبَ الْعَقْلَ وَ كُلُّ النَّوْمِ يُكْرَهُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ تَسْمَعُ الصَّوْتَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What breaks the Ablution?’ So they-asws both said: ‘Whatever comes out from your two lower ends, from the backside and the manhood, faeces or urine or semen or wind; and the sleep until the intellect goes (loose awareness). All sleep is disliked, except if you happen to hear the sounds’ (in consciousness).[8]
The Mercy of Allah-azwj for the Believers:
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع- كَانَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذَا أَصَابَ أَحَدَهُمْ قَطْرَةُ بَوْلٍ قَرَضُوا لُحُومَهُمْ بِالْمَقَارِيضِ وَ قَدْ وَسَّعَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْكُمْ بِأَوْسَعِ مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الْمَاءَ طَهُوراً فَانْظُرُوا كَيْفَ تَكُونُونَ.
And Al-Sadiq-asws (the 6th Imam-asws) said: ‘It was so that the Children of Israel, whenever one of them was hit by urine, they would have to scratch off their skin with the scissors, but Allah-azwj has Given you leeway with it which is more valuable than what is between the sky and the earth, and Made for you the water as a purifier, therefore watch out on how you are behaving (with gratefulness and submission)’.[9]
Some Ahadith Recommending Istibra after urination:
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ بَالَ فَلْيَضَعْ إِصْبَعَهُ الْوُسْطَى فِي أَصْلِ الْعِجَانِ ثُمَّ يَسْلِتُهَا ثَلَاثاً
And by this chain, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to us: ‘One who urinates, so let him place his middle finger in the base of the scrotum, then take it off, three times’.[10]
عَوَالِي اللآَّلِي، عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ يَزْدَادَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ إِذَا بَالَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَنْتُرْ ذَكَرَهُ
Awail Al La’aly – from Isa Bin Yazdad, from his father, who says:
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When one of you urinates, then let him jolt (shake) his manhood’.[11]
How much Water one Needs?
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ يُجْزِئُكَ مِنَ الْغُسْلِ وَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءِ مَا مُلِئَتْ يَمِينُكَ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Yazeed Bin Is’haq, from Haroun Bin Hamza,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘It would suffice you from the washing and the cleansing (after toilet) what fills your right hand’ (but washing is with the left hand – see the following Ahadith).[12]
Pouring water twice:
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الْبَوْلِ يُصِيبُ الْجَسَدَ قَالَ صُبَّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ مَرَّتَيْنِ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Al Husayn Bin Abu Al A’ala who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the urine hitting the body. He-asws said: ‘Pour the water upon it, twice’.
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ يُجْزِئُ أَنْ يَغْسِلَ بِمِثْلِهِ مِنَ الْمَاءِ إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْحَشَفَةِ وَ غَيْرِهِ وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ مَاءٌ لَيْسَ بِوَسَخٍ فَيَحْتَاجَ أَنْ يُدْلَكَ.
And it is reported that it would suffice him if he were to wash with the likes of it from the water when it was upon the tip of the manhood. And it is also narrated that it is water and is not the dirt which needs to be dropped down it is reported that it is water and not the filth – which needs to be rubbed.[13]
Cleaning of the hand prior to using water:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سُئِلَ كَمْ يُفْرِغُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى يَدِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْخِلَهَا فِي الْإِنَاءِ قَالَ وَاحِدَةً مِنْ حَدَثِ الْبَوْلِ وَ ثِنْتَيْنِ مِنَ الْغَائِطِ وَ ثَلَاثَةً مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said: ‘He-asws was asked, ‘How many times should the man pour upon his hand before he enters it into the vessels?’ He-asws said: ‘Once from passing the urine, and twice from the faeces, and thrice from the sexual impurity’.[14]
When to pour the water:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ إِذَا انْقَطَعَتْ دِرَّةُ الْبَوْلِ فَصُبَّ الْمَاءَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazaan, altogether from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Jameel,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the flow of urine stops, so pour the water (upon its discharging part)’.[15]
Appendix I: Issues related to Wuzu and Salat:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْغَائِطَ فَقَضَيْتَ الْحَاجَةَ فَلَمْ تُهَرِقِ الْمَاءَ ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأْتَ وَ نَسِيتَ أَنْ تَسْتَنْجِيَ فَذَكَرْتَ بَعْدَ مَا صَلَّيْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ الْإِعَادَةُ وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ أَهْرَقْتَ الْمَاءَ فَنَسِيتَ أَنْ تَغْسِلَ ذَكَرَكَ حَتَّى صَلَّيْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ إِعَادَةُ الْوُضُوءِ وَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ غَسْلُ ذَكَرِكَ لِأَنَّ الْبَوْلَ لَيْسَ مِثْلَ الْبَرَازِ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Zur’at, from Sama’at who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Whenever you enter the toilet and fulfil your need, but do not spill the water, then you perform Ablution (Wudhu) and forget that you should be cleansing yourself, and if you remember after have prayed Salaat, so upon you is the repeating (of the Salaat); and if it was so that you did spill the water (upon the private part), but you forgot to wash your manhood, so upon you is the repeating of the Ablution (Wudhu), and the Salaat, and the washing of your manhood, because the urine is not like the faeces’.[16]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ إِنْ سَالَ مِنْ ذَكَرِكَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ مَذْيٍ أَوْ وَدْيٍ وَ أَنْتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَلَا تَغْسِلْهُ وَ لَا تَقْطَعِ الصَّلَاةَ وَ لَا تَنْقُضْ لَهُ الْوُضُوءَ وَ إِنْ بَلَغَ عَقِيبَكَ فَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ النُّخَامَةِ وَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يَخْرُجُ مِنْكَ بَعْدَ الْوُضُوءِ فَإِنَّهُ مِنَ الْحَبَائِلِ أَوْ مِنَ الْبَوَاسِيرِ وَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ فَلَا تَغْسِلْهُ مِنْ ثَوْبِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ تُقْذِرَهُ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘If something were to flow from your manhood, either from seminal fluid prostatic fluid, and you are in the Salaat, so do not wash it, and do not cut off your Salaat, nor would the Ablution (Wudhu) break for it, and even if it reaches your behind. So rather, that is with a status of the phlegm; and everything, which comes out from you after the Ablution (Wudhu), so it is from the sexual veins, or from the haemorrhoids, and it is not with anything. Therefore, do not wash it from your clothes except if it dirties it’.[17]
Salat is not Accepted without Washing after urinating:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ تَوَضَّأْتُ يَوْماً وَ لَمْ أَغْسِلْ ذَكَرِي ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ فَسَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فَقَالَ اغْسِلْ ذَكَرَكَ وَ أَعِدْ صَلَاتَكَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina, from Zurara who said,
‘I performed Ablution (Wudhu) one day but (prior to that) did not wash my manhood. Then I Prayed. So I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, and he-asws said: ‘Wash your manhood and repeat the Salaat’.[18]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ( عليه السلام ) فِي الرَّجُلِ يَبُولُ فَيَنْسَى غَسْلَ ذَكَرِهِ ثُمَّ يَتَوَضَّأُ وُضُوءَ الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ يَغْسِلُ ذَكَرَهُ يُعِيدُ الصَّلَاةَ وَ لَا يُعِيدُ الْوُضُوءَ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Yaqteen, from his brother Al Husayn, from Ali Bin Yaqteen,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan-asws regarding the man who urinates but he forgets to wash his manhood. Then he performs Ablution (Wudhu) for the Salaat. He-asws said: ‘He should wash his manhood. He would repeat the Salaat and he would not repeat the Ablution (Wudhu)’.[19]
عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فِي الرَّجُلِ يَبُولُ وَ يَنْسَى أَنْ يَغْسِلَ ذَكَرَهُ حَتَّى يَتَوَضَّأَ وَ يُصَلِّيَ قَالَ يَغْسِلُ ذَكَرَهُ وَ يُعِيدُ الصَّلَاةَ وَ لَا يُعِيدُ الْوُضُوءَ .
From him, from Ahmad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr, from one of our companions,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the man who urinates and forgets to wash his manhood until he performs Ablution (Wudhu), and he prays Salaat. He-asws said: ‘He should wash his manhood and he should repeat the Salaat, and he would not repeat the Ablution (Wudhu)’.[20]
It’s better to remove the Ring from the hand prior to washing:
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي الْفَصِّ يُتَّخَذُ مِنْ حِجَارَةِ زُمُرُّدٍ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ وَ لَكِنْ إِذَا أَرَادَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءَ نَزَعَهُ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Abd Rabbih who said,
‘I said to him-asws, ‘What are you saying regarding ring stone taken from the emerald stones’. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it, but whenever one intends to cleanse himself, he should remove it (beforehand)’.[21]
Don’t use right hand unless there is an excuse:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءُ بِالْيَمِينِ مِنَ الْجَفَاءِ . وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ إِذَا كَانَتْ بِالْيَسَارِ عِلَّةٌ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The cleansing (of private parts) with the right hand is from the repugnance’. And it is reported that it is a valid excuse if there was an illness with the left hand’.[22]
Using a bag in Emergency:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَعْتَرِيهِ الْبَوْلُ وَ لَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى حَبْسِهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي إِذَا لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى حَبْسِهِ فَاللَّهُ أَوْلَى بِالْعُذْرِ يَجْعَلُ خَرِيطَةً
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from Mansur ibn Hazim who has said:
‘l once asked Abu Abd Allah-asws about a man who has the urge to urinate and cannot hold it any longer. The Imam-asws said to me, ‘If he is not able to hold, Allah-azwj is the foremost to accept apologies, he can allow it to come out in a bag.’[23]
Appendix II: Additional Ahadith on cleaning from Urine
عَلِيُّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ خَرَجَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) وَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ( عليه السلام ) قَائِمٌ وَ هُوَ غُلَامٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ يَا غُلَامُ أَيْنَ يَضَعُ الْغَرِيبُ بِبَلَدِكُمْ فَقَالَ اجْتَنِبْ أَفْنِيَةَ الْمَسَاجِدِ وَ شُطُوطَ الْأَنْهَارِ وَ مَسَاقِطَ الثِّمَارِ وَ مَنَازِلَ النُّزَّالِ وَ لَا تَسْتَقْبِلِ الْقِبْلَةَ بِغَائِطٍ وَ لَا بَوْلٍ وَ ارْفَعْ ثَوْبَكَ وَ ضَعْ حَيْثُ شِئْتَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, raising it, said,
‘Abu Haneefa exited from the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws, and Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws was standing, and he-asws was a young boy. So Abu Haneefa said to him-asws, ‘O boy! Where can the strangers in your-asws city place (their faeces and urine)?’ So he-asws said: ‘They should keep away from the courtyards of the Masjids, and banks of the rivers, and the places where the fruits fall from the trees, and the houses (places) of combat, and he should neither face the Qiblah by defecation nor urination, and should raise his clothes, and place it where he so desires to’.[24]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الْبَوْلِ يُصِيبُ الْجَسَدَ قَالَ صُبَّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مَاءٌ
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Al Husayn Bin Abu Al A’ala who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the urine hitting the body. He-asws said: ‘Pour the water upon it, twice, for rather, it is water’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الثَّوْبِ يُصِيبُهُ الْبَوْلُ قَالَ اغْسِلْهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ
And I asked him-asws about the clothes hit by the urine. He-asws said: ‘Wash it twice’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّبِيِّ يَبُولُ عَلَى الثَّوْبِ قَالَ يَصُبُّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ قَلِيلًا ثُمَّ يَعْصِرُهُ .
And I asked him-asws about the child urinating upon the clothes. He-asws said: ‘Pour a little water upon it, then wring (pressing) it’.[25]
أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي مَحْمُودٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا ( عليه السلام ) الطِّنْفِسَةُ وَ الْفِرَاشُ يُصِيبُهُمَا الْبَوْلُ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِمَا وَ هُوَ ثَخِينٌ كَثِيرُ الْحَشْوِ قَالَ يُغْسَلُ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهُ فِي وَجْهِهِ .
Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Mahmoud who said,
‘I said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘The carpet and the bedding both being hit by the urine, how to deal with these two and it is bulky with a lot of padding’. He-asws said: ‘Wash whatever is apparent from it regarding its surface’.[26]
أَحْمَدُ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الثَّوْبِ يُصِيبُهُ الْبَوْلُ فَيَنْفُذُ إِلَى الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ وَ عَنِ الْفَرْوِ وَ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَشْوِ قَالَ اغْسِلْ مَا أَصَابَ مِنْهُ وَ مَسَّ الْجَانِبَ الْآخَرَ فَإِنْ أَصَبْتَ مَسَّ شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ فَاغْسِلْهُ وَ إِلَّا فَانْضَحْهُ بِالْمَاءِ .
Ahmad, from Musa Bin Al Qasim, from Ibrahim Bin Abdul Hameed who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about the clothes hit by the urine so it permeates to the other side, and about the fur and whatever is therein from the padding. He-asws said: ‘Wash whatever is hit from it, and touch the other side, so if the touch senses that something has from it has hit it, so wash it, or else sprinkle with the water’.[27]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ رُبَّمَا بُلْتُ وَ لَمْ أَقْدِرْ عَلَى الْمَاءِ وَ يَشْتَدُّ عَلَيَّ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِذَا بُلْتَ وَ تَمَسَّحْتَ فَامْسَحْ ذَكَرَكَ بِرِيقِكَ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتَ شَيْئاً فَقُلْ هَذَا مِنْ ذَاكَ
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hanan ibn Sadir who has said:
‘Once a man asked Abu ‘ Abd Allah-asws saying, ‘At times when I urinate, I cannot find water and it becomes severe for me.’ He (the Imam-asws) said, ‘When you urinate and wipe it clean, you can then wipe your manhood with saliva; and if you find something then say it is of that (moisture from passageways and veins).’‘[28]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَبِي دَاوُدَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ بَالَ ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأَ وَ قَامَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَوَجَدَ بَلَلًا قَالَ لَا يَتَوَضَّأُ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْحَبَائِلِ
A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad tram and abu Dawud all al-Husayn ibn Sa’jd from Safwan ibn Yahya from Al-Ala’ ibn abu Ya’fur who has said:
‘I once asked Abu Abd Allah-asws about a man who urinates, then takes Wuzu’. He then stands up for Salat (prayer) and finds a certain wetness. The Imam-asws said, ‘He does not need Wudu’; it is of Haba’il (passageways, veins)’‘[29]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَشْيَمَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ قَالَ سَأَلَ الرِّضَا ( عليه السلام ) رَجُلٌ وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ فَقَالَ إِنَّ بِي جُرْحاً فِي مَقْعَدَتِي فَأَتَوَضَّأُ وَ أَسْتَنْجِي ثُمَّ أَجِدُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ النَّدَى وَ الصُّفْرَةَ مِنَ الْمَقْعَدَةِ أَ فَأُعِيدُ الْوُضُوءَ فَقَالَ وَ قَدْ أَنْقَيْتَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ رُشَّهُ بِالْمَاءِ وَ لَا تُعِدِ الْوُضُوءَ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Asheym, from Safwan who said,
‘A man asked Al-Reza-asws and I was present, so he said, ‘I am with an injury in my backside. So I perform Ablution (Wudhu) and cleanse myself, then I find the wetness and the yellowness from the backside. Should I be repeating the Ablution (Wudhu)?’ So he-asws said: ‘And you have purified it?’ So he said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘No. But, sprinkle water upon it and do not repeat the Ablution (Wudhu)’.
أَحْمَدُ عَنْ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ سَأَلَ الرِّضَا ( عليه السلام ) رَجُلٌ بِنَحْوِ حَدِيثِ صَفْوَانَ .
Ahmad, from Abu Nasr who said, ‘A man asked Al-Reza-asws with approximately the Hadeeth of Safwan (the above Hadeeth)’.[30]
Washing Manners after use of WC:
الْهِدَايَةُ، إِذَا أَرَادَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءَ مَسَحَ بِإِصْبَعِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِ الْمَقْعَدَةِ إِلَى الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَإِذَا صَبَّ الْمَاءَ عَلَى يَدِهِ لِلِاسْتِنْجَاءِ فَلْيَقُلِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الْمَاءَ طَهُوراً وَ لَمْ يَجْعَلْهُ نَجِساً وَ يَبْدَأُ بِذَكَرِهِ وَ يَصُبُّ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمَاءِ مِثْلَيْ مَا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْبَوْلِ يَصُبُّهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ هَذَا أَدْنَى مَا يُجْزِي ثُمَّ يَسْتَنْجِي مِنَ الْغَائِطِ وَ يَغْسِلُ حَتَّى يُنَقِّيَ مَا ثَمَّ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَسْتَنْجِيَ بِيَمِينِهِ إِلَّا إِذَا كَانَتْ بِيَسَارِهِ عِلَّةٌ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْخَلَاءَ وَ مَعَهُ خَاتَمٌ عَلَيْهِ اسْمُ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ دَخَلَ وَ هُوَ عَلَيْهِ فَلْيُحَوِّلْهُ عَنْ يَدِهِ الْيُسْرَى إِذَا أَرَادَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءَ.
Al-Hidaya – When one wants to clean (from toilet), he should wipe with his fingers from the back passage to the scrotum – three times. So when he pours the water upon his hand for the cleaning, then let him say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Made the water as a cleaning and did not Make it unclean’. And he should begin with his penis and pour upon it from the water double of what is upon him from the urine. He should pour it twice. This is the least of what is sufficient, then he should clean from the faeces, and he should wash until he is clean as much as possible, and it does not suffice for the man that he should clean with his right hand except when his left hand was sick (unusable), and it is not allowed for him that he should enter the toilet and with him is a ring upon which is the Name of Allah-azwj. So if he enters, and it is upon him, then let him transfer if from the left hand when he wants to clean’.[31]
الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْبَوْلُ قَائِماً مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ مِنَ الْجَفَاءِ وَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءُ بِالْيَمِينِ مِنَ الْجَفَاءِ.
Al Khisal – from his father, from Al iBin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny, from
Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The urination while standing from without a (valid) reason, is from the disloyalty, and the cleaning (of the genitals) with the right hand is from the disloyalty’.[32]
ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، لِلصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ عَذَابَ الْقَبْرِ مِنَ الْبَوْلِ.
Sawaab Al Amaal for Al Sadouq – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Usman Bin Isa, from Abu Baseer, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The punishment of the grave is from (due to) the urine’.[33]
Appendix III: Urine and droppings of Animals and birds:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ أَنَّهُمَا قَالَا لَا تَغْسِلْ ثَوْبَكَ مِنْ بَوْلِ شَيْءٍ يُؤْكَلُ لَحْمُهُ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara,
Both, (5th and 6th Imam-asws) said: ‘There is no need to wash your clothes from the urine of something that you can eat – its flesh’.[34]
حَمَّادٌ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ أَلْبَانِ الْإِبِلِ وَ الْغَنَمِ وَ الْبَقَرِ وَ أَبْوَالِهَا وَ لُحُومِهَا فَقَالَ لَا تَوَضَّأْ مِنْهُ إِنْ أَصَابَكَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ أَوْ ثَوْباً لَكَ فَلَا تَغْسِلْهُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَتَنَظَّفَ
Hammad, from Hareyz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the milk of the camel, and the sheep, and the cow, and their urines and their flesh. So he-asws said: ‘You don’t have to perform Ablution (Wudhu) from it if anything were to hit you from it, or your clothes, therefore do not wash it unless you want to clean’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَبْوَالِ الدَّوَابِّ وَ الْبِغَالِ وَ الْحَمِيرِ فَقَالَ اغْسِلْهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ مَكَانَهُ فَاغْسِلِ الثَّوْبَ كُلَّهُ وَ إِنْ شَكَكْتَ فَانْضَحْهُ .
He (the narrator) said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the urines of the animal, and the mules, and the donkeys. So he-asws said: ‘Wash it, but if you do not know its place, then wash the cloth, all of it, and if you doubt, so sprinkle it (with water)’.[35]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) اغْسِلْ ثَوْبَكَ مِنْ أَبْوَالِ مَا لَا يُؤْكَلُ لَحْمُهُ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Wash your clothes from the urines for that whose flesh cannot be eaten’.[36]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ( عليهما السلام ) فِي أَبْوَالِ الدَّوَابِّ تُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ فَكَرِهَهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَ لَيْسَ لُحُومُهَا حَلَالًا قَالَ بَلَى وَ لَكِنْ لَيْسَ مِمَّا جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لِلْأَكْلِ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Al Qasim Bin Urwat, from Bukeyr Bin Ayn, from Zurara,
(It has been narrated) from one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) regarding the urines of the animals hitting the clothes. So he-asws disliked it. So I said to him-asws, ‘Is not their flesh Permissible (to eat)?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, but it is not from what Allah-azwj Made for the eating’.[37]
الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) مَا تَقُولُ فِي أَبْوَالِ الدَّوَابِّ وَ أَرْوَاثِهَا قَالَ أَمَّا أَبْوَالُهَا فَاغْسِلْ إِنْ أَصَابَكَ وَ أَمَّا أَرْوَاثُهَا فَهِيَ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ .
Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Washa, from Aban Bin usman, from Abu Maryam who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What are you-asws saying regarding the urines of the animal and their droppings?’ He-asws said: ‘As for their urines, so wash if it hits you, and as for their droppings, so it is more than that’.[38]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِرَوْثِ الْحَمِيرِ وَ اغْسِلْ أَبْوَالَهَا .
Muhammad Bin yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Barqy, from Aban, from Al Halby,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There is no problem with the dropping of the donkeys, but wash its urine’.[39]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَمَّا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ مَنْخِرِ الدَّابَّةِ يُصِيبُنِي قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ .
Muhammad Bin yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ibn Muskan, from malik Al Jahny who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about what comes out from the nostrils of the animals, hitting me. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it’.[40]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ إِنْ أَصَابَ الثَّوْبَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ بَوْلِ السِّنَّوْرِ فَلَا يَصْلُحُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَغْسِلَهُ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Sama’at,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘If something from the urine of a cat were to hit the clothes, so the Salaat would not be correct in it, until you wash it’.[41]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يَطِيرُ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِبَوْلِهِ وَ خُرْئِهِ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Jameel Bin Darraj, from Abu Baseer,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Everything which flies, so there is no problem with its urine and its droppings’.[42]
[1] منلايحضرهالفقيه 1 65 باب ما ينقض الوضوء ….. ص : 61
[2] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 13 H 1
[3] ( 5)- في المصدر- بشيء.
[4] شيخ حر عاملى، محمد بن حسن، وسائل الشيعة – قم، چاپ: اول، 1409 ق.
[5] وسائل الشيعة ؛ ج1 ؛ ص286
[6] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 9 H 5
[7] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 112/ 137.
[8] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 23 H 6
[9] من لا يحضره الفقيه، ج1، ص: 10, H. 13
[10] مستدركالوسائل ج : 1 ص : 2, H. 2-537.
[11] مستدركالوسائل ج : 1 ص : 2, H. 5-540.
[12] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 14 H 6
[13] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 13 H 7
[14] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 8 H 5
[15] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 12 H 8
[16] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 12 H 17
[17] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 25 H 1
[18] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 12 H 14
[19] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 12 H 15
[20] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 12 H 16
[21] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 12 H 6
[22] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 12 H 7
[23] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch. 13, h 5
[24] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 11 H 5
[25] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 36 H 1
[26] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 36 H 2
[27] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 36 H 3
[28] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 13 H 4
[29] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 13 H 2
[30] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 13 H 3
[31] بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)، ج77، ص: 208, H. 19
[32] بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)، ج77، ص: 201, H. 8
[33] بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)، ج77، ص: 201, H. 9
[34] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 37 H 1
[35] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 37 H 2
[36] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 37 H 3
[37] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 37 H 4
[38] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 37 H 5
[39] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 37 H 6
[40] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 37 H 7
[41] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 37 H 8
[42] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 37 H 9