Summary:
The new trend of ‘have a good time’ or ‘have fun’ are frequently used in our society. This may mean ‘do whatever is within the law of the land’ without much consideration for the outcome our activities with respect to the Hereafter. We frequently waste valuable time without realising its better alternatives, sometimes just browsing interest, (i.e., social media) or outside loafing/window shopping, gaming, clubbing, watching/reading fiction – all these are good examples of wasteful activities and Islam forbids these.
Amir-ul-Momineen-asws says: ‘hours of leisure (i.e., chilling around) pass away like summer-clouds, therefore, do not waste opportunity of doing good’[1]. It’s a beautiful connexion to wasteful activities, since vegetation needs water in summer but not so during the winter, so these clouds of summer are important for the ‘good return’ from the earth in terms of food for human and animals – similarly our free time and energy should not be wasted on unnecessary activities but never in disobedience to Allah-azwj. Although that is never at back of our minds when we, initially, get engaged in these activities.
In many Ahadith, we are advised: ‘to stay away from the matters of doubts (if these are lawful or unlawful), who walks around these eventually falls into the sins’.[2]
Also Amir-ul-Momineen-asws says: four things never get tired from the other four things, among those are the eyes, which never get tired from watching.[3] Hence we frequently end-up spending more time on watching that – which is spiritually harmful and physically useless, as it keeps us away from the remembrance of Allah-azwj and His Pious and Infallible People-asws.
In this difficult time, we need to be patient, in order to look away from so much which is going on around, from politics, entertainment, to sports,…..as the ‘relief’ is near, InshaAllah-azwj with the reappearance of the 12th Imam–ajfj! Imam Sadiq-asws, has praised his-asws devout shias as:
وقال الصادق (عليه السلام): «نحن صبر، و شيعتنا أصبر منا، و ذلك أنا صبرنا على ما نعلم، و هم صبروا على ما لا يعلمون».
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘We-asws are patient, and our-asws Shias are more patient than us-asws, and that is because we-asws are patient upon what we-asws know, and they are patient upon that which they do not know’.[4]
Introduction:
The term used in the holy Quran is ‘اللَّغْوِ’ ‘Al-Laghwu’ which is quite a broad term, it includes also singing, music, dancing, along with anything which may absorb us, apart from our legitimate duties with respect to work, helping family and friends.
Vanities Implies as fiction (stories):
وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنِ اللَّغْوِ مُعْرِضُونَ {323:}
And those who are turning away from the vanities [23:3]
و في المجمع عن الصادق عليه السلام قال: ان يتقوّل الرّجل عليك بالباطل أو يأتيك بما ليس فيك فتعرض عنه للَّه.
And in (the book) Al Majma’a Al Bayaan,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘If the man speaks upon you with the falsehood or comes to you with what there isn’t in you, then turn away from him for (the Sake of) Allah-azwj’.[5]
و في الاعتقادات عنه عليه السلام: انّه سئل عن القصاص أ يحل الاستماع لهم فقال لا.
And in (the book) Al-Itiqaad –
‘From him-asws having been asked about the stories, is it Permissible the intently (willingly) listening to them?’ He-asws said: ‘No’.[6]
فِي إِرْشَادِ الْمُفِيدِ كَلَامٌ طَوِيلٌ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ فِيهِ يَقُولُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: كُلُّ قَوْلٍ لَيْسَ فِيهِ لِلَّهِ ذِكْرٌ فَهُوَ لَغْوٌ.
In (the book) Al-Irshaad of Al-Mufeed, there is a lengthy speech of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and in it he-asws is saying: ‘Every word (sentence), there isn’t in it a ‘Zikr’ (remembrance) of Allah-azwj, so it is a vanity’.[7]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ شَرَفُ الْمُؤْمِنِ صَلَاتُهُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ عِزُّ الْمُؤْمِنِ كَفُّهُ عَنْ أَعْرَاضِ النَّاسِ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Is’haq, from Sa’dan Bin Muslim, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A nobility of the Believer is his Salāt at night, and an honour of the Believer is his restraint from the vanities of the people’.[8]
الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) مَنْ كَفَّ نَفْسَهُ عَنْ أَعْرَاضِ النَّاسِ أَقَالَ اللَّهُ نَفْسَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ مَنْ كَفَّ غَضَبَهُ عَنِ النَّاسِ كَفَّ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ عَذَابَ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ .
Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Abu Hamza,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who restrains himself from the vanities of the world, Allah-azwj would Discharge his soul on the Day of Judgment; and the one who restrains his anger from the people, Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted would Restrain the Punishment from him on the Day of Judgment’.[9]
Buying/involving in amusing discourse
وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْتَرِي لَهْوَ الْحَدِيثِ لِيُضِلَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَيَتَّخِذَهَا هُزُوًا ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُهِينٌ {631:}
And from the people there is one who buys amusing discourse in order to lead astray from the Way of Allah without knowledge, and he takes it as a mockery. These, for them would be an abasing Punishment [31:6]
يَا هِشَامُ مَنْ سَلَّطَ ثَلَاثاً عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ فَكَأَنَّمَا أَعَانَ عَلَى هَدْمِ عَقْلِهِ مَنْ أَظْلَمَ نُورُ تَفَكُّرِهِ بِطُولِ أَمَلِهِ وَ مَحَا طَرَائِفَ حِكْمَتِهِ بِفُضُولِ كَلَامِهِ وَ أَطْفَأَ نُورَ عِبْرَتِهِ بِشَهَوَاتِ نَفْسِهِ فَكَأَنَّمَا أَعَانَ هَوَاهُ عَلَى هَدْمِ عَقْلِهِ وَ مَنْ هَدَمَ عَقْلَهُ أَفْسَدَ عَلَيْهِ دِينَهُ وَ دُنْيَاهُ
(Amir-Al-Momineen advised to) O Hisham! The one whom three (things) overcome three (things) so it is as if he is assisted upon the ruination of his own intellect – the one who darkens the light of his pondering by the prolongation of his expectancies, and his antics delete his wisdom by the vanities of his speech, and he extinguishes the light of his learning (lessons) by the lustful desires of his self. Thus, it is as if he is assisting himself upon the ruination of his own intellect. And the one who ruins his intellect, his Religion and his world would be spoilt upon him.
يَا هِشَامُ إِنَّ الْعُقَلَاءَ تَرَكُوا فُضُولَ الدُّنْيَا فَكَيْفَ الذُّنُوبَ وَ تَرْكُ الدُّنْيَا مِنَ الْفَضْلِ وَ تَرْكُ الذُّنُوبِ مِنَ الْفَرْضِ
O Hisham! The intellectual ones are neglecting the vanities of the world, so how (would they not neglect) the sins, and the neglect of the world is from the merits and neglect of the sins is from the Obligations’’.[10] (An extract).
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) مَا عَلَامَةُ الْإِمَامِ الَّذِي بَعْدَ الْإِمَامِ فَقَالَ طَهَارَةُ الْوِلَادَةِ وَ حُسْنُ الْمَنْشَإِ وَ لَا يَلْهُو وَ لَا يَلْعَبُ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Muawiya Bin Wahab who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘What is the sign of the Imam-asws who is to be after the (current) Imam-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘Clean of birth, and good upbringing, and he-asws would neither indulge in vanities nor playfulness’.[11]
Excessive indulgence in playful activities:
فَذَرْهُمْ يَخُوضُوا وَيَلْعَبُوا حَتَّىٰ يُلَاقُوا يَوْمَهُمُ الَّذِي يُوعَدُونَ {4270:}
So leave them engaging in vanities and playing around until they meet their Day which they are Promised [70:42]
الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) مَنْ كَفَّ نَفْسَهُ عَنْ أَعْرَاضِ النَّاسِ أَقَالَ اللَّهُ نَفْسَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ مَنْ كَفَّ غَضَبَهُ عَنِ النَّاسِ كَفَّ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ عَذَابَ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ .
Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Abu Hamza,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who restrains himself from ‘أَعْرَاضِ’ the vanities of the world, Allah-azwj would Discharge his soul on the Day of Judgment; and the one who restrains his anger from the people, Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted would Restrain the Punishment from him on the Day of Judgment’.[12]
A case of a Momin who is addicted to music:
العياشي: عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن أبي ولاد، قال: قلت لأبي عبد الله (عليه السلام): جعلت فداك، إن رجلا من أصحابنا ورعا مسلما كثير الصلاة، قد ابتلي بحب اللهو، و هو يسمع الغناء؟
Al Ayyashi, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Abu Walad who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! A man from our companions, a devout Muslim, frequent of the Salat, has been tempted with love of the desires, and he listens to the music (songs)?’
فقال: «أ يمنعه ذلك من الصلاة لوقتها، أو من صوم، أو من عبادة مريض، أو حضور جنازة، أو زيارة أخ؟»
So he-asws said: ‘Does that prevent him from the Salat at its time, or from Fasting, or from consoling a sick person, or attending a funeral, or visiting a brother (Momin)?’
قال: قلت: لا، ليس يمنعه ذلك من شيء من الخير و البر. قال: فقال: «هذا من خطوات الشيطان، مغفور له ذلك إن شاء الله».
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘No, that doesn’t prevent him from anything from the (acts of) goodness or righteousness’. He-asws said: ‘This is from the footsteps of the satan–la. That would be Forgiven for him, if Allah-azwj so Desires’.
ثم قال: «إن طائفة من الملائكة عابوا ولد آدم في اللذات و الشهوات، أعني لكم الحلال ليس الحرام،- قال- فأنف الله للمؤمنين من ولد آدم من تعيير الملائكة لهم- قال- فألقى الله في هم أولئك الملائكة اللذات و الشهوات، كيلا يعيبوا المؤمنين-
Then he-asws said: ‘A group of Angels reproached the son of Adam–as regarding the pleasures and the desires, meaning for you the Permissible, not the Prohibited ones’. So Allah-azwj Disdained for the Momineen from the children of Adam from the faulting of the Angels to them, and He-azwj Cast in the minds of those Angels, the pleasures and the desires, lest they fault the Momineen.
قال- فلما جرى ذلك في همهم، عجوا إلى الله من ذلك، فقالوا: ربنا عفوك عفوك، ردنا إلى ما خلقتنا له و اخترتنا عليه، فإنا نخاف أن نصير في أمر مريج- قال- فنزع الله ذلك من همهم-
He-asws said: ‘So when that flowed into their thoughts, they clamoured to Allah-azwj from that and they said, ‘Our Lord-azwj! Your-azwj Pardon! Your-azwj Pardon! Return us to what You-azwj had Created us and Keep us to be upon him for we fear being patient upon confusing matters’. He-asws said: ‘So Allah-azwj Removed that from their thoughts’.
قال- فإذا كان يوم القيامة، و صار أهل الجنة في الجنة، استأذن أولئك الملائكة على أهل الجنة، فيؤذن لهم، فيدخلون عليهم فيسلمون عليهم، و يقولون لهم: سَلامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ بِما صَبَرْتُمْ في الدنيا عن اللذات و الشهوات الحلال».
He-asws said: ‘So when it would be the Day of Judgment, and the people of the Paradise come to be in the Paradise, those Angels would seek permission upon the inhabitants of the Paradise. So they would permit for them and they would be entering to meet them and they would be greeting them and they would be saying to them: Greetings be upon you due to your having been patient Greetings be upon you due to your having been patient [13:24], in the world, from the pleasures and the Permissible desires’’.[13]
Those who run away from vanities:
وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنِ اللَّغْوِ مُعْرِضُونَ {323:}
And those who are turning away from the vanities [23:3]
و في المجمع عن الصادق عليه السلام قال: ان يتقوّل الرّجل عليك بالباطل أو يأتيك بما ليس فيك فتعرض عنه للَّه.
And in (the book) Al Majma’a Al Bayaan,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘If the man speaks upon you with the falsehood or comes to you with what there isn’t in you, then turn away from him for (the Sake of) Allah-azwj’.[14]
. عن ابن يعقوب قال: قال لي أبو عبد الله عليه السلام لا يَغُرنَّك الناس مِن نفسك فإنَّ الأمر يصل إليك مِن دونهم، ولا تقطع نهارك بكذا وكذا فإنّ معك مَن يحفظ عليك، ولا تستقلَّ قليل الخير فإنّك تراه غداً بحيث يسرّك، ولا تستقلّ قليل الشرّ فإنّك تراه غداً بحيث يسوؤك، وأحسِن فإنّي لم أرَ شيئاً أشدّ طلباً، ولا أحسنُ دركاً مِن حسنةٍ مُحدثةٍ لذنبٍ قديم، إنّ الله ] يقول: ]إنَّ الْحَسَناتِ يُذْهِبْنَ الْسَّيئاتِ ذلِكَ ذِكْرى لِلْذَّاكِرينَ[.
Ibn Ya’qub narrated that:
Imam Sadiq-asws said: “Let not the people make you forget about yourself since you, not they, will get the results of your own deeds.
Do not let your time be wasted, since there is an angel with you who is watching over you. Do not underestimate your minor good deeds, since you will be pleased to see their results in the future. Do not underestimate your minor bad deeds either since you will be upset to see their results in the Hereafter. Perform good deeds since I-asws have not seen anything more desirable than them and know of nothing that is better than good deeds to compensate for previous sins, as Allah-azwj Said: ‘For those things that are good remove those that are evil; be that the word of remembrance to those who remember (their Lord).” [The Holy Quran: Hud 11:114].[15]
و في الاعتقادات عنه عليه السلام: انّه سئل عن القصاص أ يحل الاستماع لهم فقال لا.
And in (the book) Al-Itiqaad –
‘From him-asws having been asked about the stories, is it Permissible the intently (carefully) listening to them?’ He-asws said: ‘No’.[16]
فِي إِرْشَادِ الْمُفِيدِ كَلَامٌ طَوِيلٌ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ فِيهِ يَقُولُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: كُلُّ قَوْلٍ لَيْسَ فِيهِ لِلَّهِ ذِكْرٌ فَهُوَ لَغْوٌ.
In (the book) Al-Irshaad of Al-Mufeed, there is a lengthy speech of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and in it he-asws is saying: ‘Every word (sentence), there isn’t in it a Zikr of Allah-azwj, so it is a vanity’.[17]
قال: و قوله: الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنِ اللَّغْوِ مُعْرِضُونَ يعني عن الغناء و الملاهي.
(Ali Bin Ibrahim) said, ‘And regarding His-azwj Words: And those who are turning away from the vanities [23:3], he-asws said: ‘It Means, from the singing and the musical instruments’.[18]
Also Allah-azwj Says:
فَذَرْهُمْ يَخُوضُوا وَيَلْعَبُوا حَتَّىٰ يُلَاقُوا يَوْمَهُمُ الَّذِي يُوعَدُونَ {4270:}
So leave them engaging in vanities and playing around until they meet their Day which they are Promised [70:42]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَنْبَسَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ اسْتِمَاعُ الْغِنَاءِ وَ اللَّهْوِ يُنْبِتُ النِّفَاقَ فِي الْقَلْبِ كَمَا يُنْبِتُ الْمَاءُ الزَّرْعَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, form Ibn Mahboub, from Anbasa,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Listening to the singing (music) and the vanities grow the hypocrisy in the heart just as the water grows the plantation’.[19]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْهُمْ (عليهم السلام) قَالَ فِيمَا وَعَظَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ عِيسَى (عليه السلام) يَا عِيسَى أَنَا رَبُّكَ وَ رَبُّ آبَائِكَ اسْمِي وَاحِدٌ وَ أَنَا الْأَحَدُ الْمُتَفَرِّدُ بِخَلْقِ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مِنْ صُنْعِي وَ كُلٌّ إِلَيَّ رَاجِعُونَ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ali Bin Asbaat, who has narrated the following:
The Imam-asws having said: ‘Among the Advice which Allah-azwj Gave to Isa-as was: “O Isa-as! I-azwj am your-as Lord-azwj, and the Lord-azwj of your-as forefathers. My-azwj Name is ‘وَاحِدٌ’ the One, and I-azwj am the ‘الْأَحَدُ’ the One, which cannot be divided, the Lone One Who-azwj Created everything, and everything is Made by My-azwj and everything Returns to Me-azwj.
يَا عِيسَى لَا تَسْتَيْقِظَنَّ عَاصِياً وَ لَا تَسْتَنْبِهَنَّ لَاهِياً وَ افْطِمْ نَفْسَكَ عَنِ الشَّهَوَاتِ الْمُوبِقَاتِ وَ كُلُّ شَهْوَةٍ تُبَاعِدُكَ مِنِّي فَاهْجُرْهَا وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّكَ مِنِّي بِمَكَانِ الرَّسُولِ الْأَمِينِ فَكُنْ مِنِّي عَلَى حَذَرٍ وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ دُنْيَاكَ مُؤَدِّيَتُكَ إِلَيَّ وَ أَنِّي آخُذُكَ بِعِلْمِي فَكُنْ ذَلِيلَ النَّفْسِ عِنْدَ ذِكْرِي خَاشِعَ الْقَلْبِ حِينَ تَذْكُرُنِي يَقْظَانَ عِنْدَ نَوْمِ الْغَافِلِينَ
O Isa–as! Do not wake up as a disobedient one, nor indulge in vanities whilst awake, and turn yourself–as away from the lusts and the sins, and every desire which distances you–as from Me-azwj. So migrate from it, and know that you–as are from Me-azwj at the status of the trustworthy Rasool–as, so be cautious with regards to Me-azwj, and know that your–as world will deliver you–as to Me-azwj, and I-azwj will Grab you–as with My-azwj Knowledge. So become a humble soul during My-azwj Remembrance, with a revering heart when you–as Mention Me-azwj, being fully aware whilst the neglectful ones sleep. (an extract).[20]
Advise of Amir-Al-Momineen-asws to Hisham
يَا هِشَامُ مَنْ سَلَّطَ ثَلَاثاً عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ فَكَأَنَّمَا أَعَانَ عَلَى هَدْمِ عَقْلِهِ مَنْ أَظْلَمَ نُورُ تَفَكُّرِهِ بِطُولِ أَمَلِهِ وَ مَحَا طَرَائِفَ حِكْمَتِهِ بِفُضُولِ كَلَامِهِ وَ أَطْفَأَ نُورَ عِبْرَتِهِ بِشَهَوَاتِ نَفْسِهِ فَكَأَنَّمَا أَعَانَ هَوَاهُ عَلَى هَدْمِ عَقْلِهِ وَ مَنْ هَدَمَ عَقْلَهُ أَفْسَدَ عَلَيْهِ دِينَهُ وَ دُنْيَاهُ
(Amir-Al-Momineen-asws advised to) O Hisham! The one whom three (things) overcome three (things) so it is as if he is assisted upon the ruination of his own intellect – the one who darkens the light of his pondering by the prolongation of his expectancies, and his antics delete his wisdom by the vanities of his speech, and he extinguishes the light of his learning (lessons) by the lustful desires of his self. Thus, it is as if he is assisting himself upon the ruination of his own intellect. And the one who ruins his intellect, his Religion and his world would be spoilt upon him.
يَا هِشَامُ إِنَّ الْعُقَلَاءَ تَرَكُوا فُضُولَ الدُّنْيَا فَكَيْفَ الذُّنُوبَ وَ تَرْكُ الدُّنْيَا مِنَ الْفَضْلِ وَ تَرْكُ الذُّنُوبِ مِنَ الْفَرْضِ
O Hisham! The intellectual ones are neglecting the vanities of the world, so how (would they not neglect) the sins, and the neglect of the world is from the merits and neglect of the sins is from the Obligations. (an extract)[21]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) إِنَّ أَبِي كَانَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَا يَقْبِضُ الْعِلْمَ بَعْدَ مَا يُهْبِطُهُ وَ لَكِنْ يَمُوتُ الْعَالِمُ فَيَذْهَبُ بِمَا يَعْلَمُ فَتَلِيهِمُ الْجُفَاةُ فَيَضِلُّونَ وَ يُضِلُّونَ وَ لَا خَيْرَ فِي شَيْءٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَصْلٌ .
Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ali Bin Asbat, from his uncle Yaqoub Bin Salim, from Dawood Bin Farqad who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘My-asws father-asws was saying: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic does not Capture the knowledge after having Sent it down, but He-azwj Causes the death of a scholar, so he goes away with whatever he knew and the vanities follow them (the people), so they would be straying and causing others to be straying, and there is no goodness in something which does not originate from its source (the Divine Knowledge)’.[22]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) مَا عَلَامَةُ الْإِمَامِ الَّذِي بَعْدَ الْإِمَامِ فَقَالَ طَهَارَةُ الْوِلَادَةِ وَ حُسْنُ الْمَنْشَإِ وَ لَا يَلْهُو وَ لَا يَلْعَبُ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Muawiya Bin Wahab who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘What is the sign of the Imam-azwj who is to be after the (current) Imam-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘Clean of birth, and good upbringing, ‘وَ لَا يَلْهُو وَ لَا يَلْعَبُ’ and he-asws would neither indulge in vanities nor playfulness’.[23]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَيَابَةَ قَالَ أَعْطَانِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) هَذَا الدُّعَاءَ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Mahboub, from Al A’ala Bin Razeyn, from Abdul Rahman Bin Sayaba who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws gave me this supplication:
رَبِّ دَعَتْنِي دَوَاعِي الدُّنْيَا فَأَجَبْتُهَا سَرِيعاً وَ رَكَنْتُ إِلَيْهَا طَائِعاً وَ دَعَتْنِي دَوَاعِي الْآخِرَةِ فَتَثَبَّطْتُ عَنْهَا وَ أَبْطَأْتُ فِي الْإِجَابَةِ وَ الْمُسَارَعَةِ إِلَيْهَا كَمَا سَارَعْتُ إِلَى دَوَاعِي الدُّنْيَا وَ حُطَامِهَا الْهَامِدِ وَ هَشِيمِهَا الْبَائِدِ وَ سَرَابِهَا الذَّاهِبِ
Lord-azwj! The temptations of the world invited me, so I responded to these quickly and turned towards these willingly, and the temptations of the Hereafter invited me, so I stayed steadfastly away from these and was complacent in the response and being quick towards these, just as I had quickly gone to the temptations of the world and its lifeless debris, and its transitory vanities, and its disappearing mirages. (an extract).[24]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ شَرَفُ الْمُؤْمِنِ صَلَاتُهُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ عِزُّ الْمُؤْمِنِ كَفُّهُ عَنْ أَعْرَاضِ النَّاسِ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Is’haq, from Sa’dan Bin Muslim, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A nobility of the Believer is his Salāt at night, and an honour of the Believer is his restraint from the vanities of the people’.[25]
أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ ( عليه السلام ) كَانَ يَدْعُو بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ هَذَا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ الصِّيَامِ وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ الْإِنَابَةِ وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ التَّوْبَةِ وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ وَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ هَذَا شَهْرُ الْعِتْقِ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ الْفَوْزِ بِالْجَنَّةِ
Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Husayn, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Abdul Rahman Bin Bashir, from one of his men that,
‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws used to supplicate with this supplication during every day from the Month of Ramazan: ‘O Allah-azwj! This is the Month of Ramazan, and this is the month of the Fasts, and this is the month of the representation, and this is the month of the repentance, and this is the month of the Forgiveness and the Mercy, and this is the month of emancipation from the Fire and the success with the Paradise.
اللَّهُمَّ فَسَلِّمْهُ لِي وَ تَسَلَّمْهُ مِنِّي وَ أَعِنِّي عَلَيْهِ بِأَفْضَلِ عَوْنِكَ وَ وَفِّقْنِي فِيهِ لِطَاعَتِكَ وَ فَرِّغْنِي فِيهِ لِعِبَادَتِكَ وَ دُعَائِكَ وَ تِلَاوَةِ كِتَابِكَ وَ أَعْظِمْ لِي فِيهِ الْبَرَكَةَ وَ أَحْسِنْ لِي فِيهِ الْعَاقِبَةَ وَ أَصِحَّ لِي فِيهِ بَدَنِي وَ أَوْسِعْ فِيهِ رِزْقِي وَ اكْفِنِي فِيهِ مَا أَهَمَّنِي وَ اسْتَجِبْ لِي فِيهِ دُعَائِي وَ بَلِّغْنِي فِيهِ رَجَائِي
O Allah-azwj! Therefore, submit it to me-asws and receive it from me-asws, and aid me over it with the Grace, and Incline me-asws in it for being obedient to You-azwj, and Free me-asws for Your-azwj worship, and Your-azwj supplication, and recitation of Your-azwj book; and Magnify for me-asws the Blessings in it, and better the end-results for me-asws in it, and correct my-asws body for me-asws in it, and Expand my-asws sustenance in it, and Suffice for me-asws for what concerns me-asws, and Answer my-asws supplication for me-asws in it, and Make my-asws hopes reach fruition in it.
اللَّهُمَّ أَذْهِبْ عَنِّي فِيهِ النُّعَاسَ وَ الْكَسَلَ وَ السَّأْمَةَ وَ الْفَتْرَةَ وَ الْقَسْوَةَ وَ الْغَفْلَةَ وَ الْغِرَّةَ اللَّهُمَّ جَنِّبْنِي فِيهِ الْعِلَلَ وَ الْأَسْقَامَ وَ الْهُمُومَ وَ الْأَحْزَانَ وَ الْأَعْرَاضَ وَ الْأَمْرَاضَ وَ الْخَطَايَا وَ الذُّنُوبَ وَ اصْرِفْ عَنِّي فِيهِ السُّوءَ وَ الْفَحْشَاءَ وَ الْجَهْدَ وَ الْبَلَاءَ وَ التَّعَبَ وَ الْعَنَاءَ إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعَاءِ
O Allah-azwj! Remove from me-asws therein, the laziness, and the indolence, and the tiredness, and the indifference, and the cruelty, and the negligence, and the deception. O Allah-azwj! Keep aside from me-asws therein, the aches, and the illnesses, and the worries, and the griefs, and the symptoms, and the diseases, and the errors, and the sins. And, Repel from me-asws, the evil, and the immoralities, and denials, and the afflictions, and the exhaustion, and the tiredness, You-azwj are the Hearer of the supplications.
اللَّهُمَّ أَعِذْنِي فِيهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ وَ هَمْزِهِ وَ لَمْزِهِ وَ نَفْثِهِ وَ نَفْخِهِ وَ وَسْوَاسِهِ وَ كَيْدِهِ وَ مَكْرِهِ وَ حِيَلِهِ وَ أَمَانِيِّهِ وَ خُدَعِهِ وَ غُرُورِهِ وَ فِتْنَتِهِ وَ رَجْلِهِ وَ شَرَكِهِ وَ أَعْوَانِهِ وَ أَتْبَاعِهِ وَ أَخْدَانِهِ وَ أَشْيَاعِهِ وَ أَوْلِيَائِهِ وَ شُرَكَائِهِ وَ جَمِيعِ كَيْدِهِمْ
O Allah-azwj! Shelter me-asws therein from the Pelted Satan–la, and his–la slandering, and his–la defaming, and his–la whispering, and his–la blowings, and his–la indecisiveness, and his–la traps, and his–la plans, and his–la tricks, and his–la betrayals, and his–la deceptions, and his–la vanities, and his–la ‘فِتْنَتِهِ’ strife, and his–la infantry, and his–la associates, and his–la helpers, and his–la followers, and his–la deceivers, and his–la adherents, and his–la friends, and his–la partners, and the entirety of his-Ala plots.
اللَّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنِي فِيهِ تَمَامَ صِيَامِهِ وَ بُلُوغَ الْأَمَلِ فِي قِيَامِهِ وَ اسْتِكْمَالَ مَا يُرْضِيكَ فِيهِ صَبْراً وَ إِيمَاناً وَ يَقِيناً وَ احْتِسَاباً ثُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ ذَلِكَ مِنَّا بِالْأَضْعَافِ الْكَثِيرَةِ وَ الْأَجْرِ الْعَظِيمِ
O Allah-azwj! Grace me-asws in it, the completion of its Fasts, and the fulfilment of the deeds during its establishment, and the perfection of what Pleases You-azwj therein of patience, and faith, and conviction, and anticipation, then Accept that from us-asws with the abundant increase, and the magnificent Recompense.
اللَّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنِي فِيهِ الْجِدَّ وَ الِاجْتِهَادَ وَ الْقُوَّةَ وَ النَّشَاطَ وَ الْإِنَابَةَ وَ التَّوْبَةَ وَ الرَّغْبَةَ وَ الرَّهْبَةَ وَ الْجَزَعَ وَ الرِّقَّةَ وَ صِدْقَ اللِّسَانِ وَ الْوَجَلَ مِنْكَ وَ الرَّجَاءَ لَكَ وَ التَّوَكُّلَ عَلَيْكَ وَ الثِّقَةَ بِكَ وَ الْوَرَعَ عَنْ مَحَارِمِكَ بِصَالِحِ الْقَوْلِ وَ مَقْبُولِ السَّعْيِ وَ مَرْفُوعِ الْعَمَلِ وَ مُسْتَجَابِ الدُّعَاءِ وَ لَا تَحُلْ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ شَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِعَرَضٍ وَ لَا مَرَضٍ وَ لَا هَمٍّ وَ لَا غَمٍّ بِرَحْمَتِكَ يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ .
O Allah-azwj! Grace me-asws in it, the struggling, and the striving, and the strength, and the activity, and the representation, and the repentance, and the desire, and the dread, and the dismay, and the tenderness, and the truthfulness of the tongue, and the scruples from You-azwj, and the wishing to You-azwj, and the reliance upon You-azwj, and the steadfastness with You-azwj, and the abstinence from Your-azwj Prohibition by the correct speech, and the Accepted works, and the raising of the deeds, and the Answering of the supplications. And, do not Permit between me-asws and anything from that, by an accident, nor an illness, nor a worry, nor a grief, by Your-azwj Mercy, O Most Merciful of the merciful ones’.[26]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) وَطِّنْ نَفْسَكَ عَلَى حُسْنِ الصِّحَابَةِ لِمَنْ صَحِبْتَ فِي حُسْنِ خُلُقِكَ وَ كُفَّ لِسَانَكَ وَ اكْظِمْ غَيْظَكَ وَ أَقِلَّ لَغْوَكَ وَ تَفْرُشُ عَفْوَكَ وَ تَسْخُو نَفْسُكَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muawyia Bin Ammar who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Settle yourself upon good companionship with the one who accompanies you with in regard to good mannerisms; and restrain your tongue, and stifle your anger, and lessen your vanities, and roll out your forgiveness, and make yourself generous’.[27]
The Regret in the Hereafter:
وَكُنَّا نَخُوضُ مَعَ الْخَائِضِينَ {4574:}
And we used to indulge in vanities along with the indulgers in vanities [74:45]
و عنه، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن موسى النوفلي، عن محمد بن عبد الله، عن أبيه، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن زكريا الموصلي، عن جابر الجعفي، عن أبي جعفر، عن أبيه، عن جده (عليهم السلام): «أن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) قال لعلي (عليه السلام): يا علي، قوله عز و جل وَ لَمْ نَكُ نُطْعِمُ الْمِسْكِينَ وَ كُنَّا نَخُوضُ مَعَ الْخائِضِينَ فيقول لهم أصحاب اليمين: ليس من هذا أوتيتم، فما الذي سلككم في سقر يا أشقياء؟
And he said, ‘It was narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa Al-Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from his father, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Zakariya Al-Mowsaly, from Jabir Al-Ju’fy, who has narrated the following:
‘Abu Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws that: ‘The Prophet-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! The Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And we did not used to feed the poor [74:44] And we used to indulge in vanities along with the indulgers in vanities [74:45]. So the companions of the right hand (Shias) would be saying to them, ‘It isn’t this which brought you here. So: What brought you into Saqar (Inferno)? [74:42], O wretched ones?’
قالوا: كنا نكذب بيوم الدين حتى أتانا اليقين. فقالوا لهم: هذا الذي سلككم في سقر يا أشقياء، و يوم الدين يوم الميثاق حيث جحدوا و كذبوا بولايتك، و عتوا عليك و استكبروا».
They would be saying, ‘And we used to belie the Day of Religion [74:46] Until the certainty came to us (now) [74:47]’. So they (Shias) would be saying to them, ‘(Now) this is that which brought you into Saqar, O wretched ones!’ And the Day of Religion is the day of the Covenant when they rejected and belied your-asws Wilayah, and revolted against you-asws and were arrogant’’.[28]
Amir-ul-Momineen-asws cautioned those having free time:
وكان الناس أيضا يصيرون بالفراغ إلى غاية الاشر والبطر حتى يكثر الفساد ويظهر الفواحش. أعلمت ما طعم هذه الاصناف من الطير التي لا تخرج إلا بالليل كمثل البوم والهام والخفاش ؟
And the people as well, being with the free time, are coming to the peak of evil and the wicked until the corruption abound and the immoralities appear. Didn’t I-asws let you know what food there is for these types from the birds which do not come out except at night, like the owl, and the masked owl, and the bat?’[29] (An extract from Hadith e Mufazzal, Bihar, vol. 3)
Those who watch/listen to fiction:
وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَشْهَدُونَ الزُّورَ وَإِذَا مَرُّوا بِاللَّغْوِ مَرُّوا كِرَامًا {7225:}
And those who are not witnessing the falsities (fiction), and when they pass by the vanities, they pass by nobly [25:72]
أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ الَّذِينَ لا يَشْهَدُونَ الزُّورَ قَالَ الْغِنَاءُ .
Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Safwan, from Abu Ayoub Al Khazzaz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, from Abu Al Sabbah,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And those who are not witnessing the falsities [25:72]. He-asws said: ‘The singing (music)’.[30]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ بُرَيْدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الزُّبَيْرِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَيُّهَا الْعَالِمُ أَخْبِرْنِي أَيُّ الْأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ قَالَ مَا لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ شَيْئاً إِلَّا بِهِ
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Bakr ibn Salih from al-Qasim ibn Burayd who has said that it has been narrated to us by Abu Amr al-Zubayri:
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws ‘O Scholar! Inform me, which of the deeds is the most superior in the Presence of Allah-azwj? He-asws said: What Allah-azwj will not Accept anything except with it’
قُلْتُ وَ مَا هُوَ قَالَ الْإِيمَانُ بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ أَعْلَى الْأَعْمَالِ دَرَجَةً وَ أَشْرَفُهَا مَنْزِلَةً وَ أَسْنَاهَا حَظّاً
I asked, ‘What is that?’ He-asws said, Emān in Allah-azwj besides whom no one deserves to be worshipped. It (Emān) is the highest in degree among the deeds, the most valuable among them and the top-most among them in (matters of) Reward.’
وَ قَالَ وَ إِذا مَرُّوا بِاللَّغْوِ مَرُّوا كِراماً
Allah has Said: and when they pass by the vanities, they pass by nobly [25:72].
فَهَذَا مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَى السَّمْعِ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ أَنْ لَا يُصْغِيَ إِلَى مَا لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ وَ هُوَ عَمَلُهُ وَ هُوَ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ
This is what Allah-azwj has Made obligatory for the ears in relation to Emān; that they must not listen to what is unlawful to hear, and such matters are of its deeds, which is of Emān.[31]
سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جَنَاحٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَزَّازِ قَالَ نَزَلْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ فَأَتَيْنَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فَقَالَ لَنَا أَيْنَ نَزَلْتُمْ فَقُلْنَا عَلَى فُلَانٍ صَاحِبِ الْقِيَانِ فَقَالَ كُونُوا كِرَاماً
Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Saeed Bin Janaah, from Hammad, from Abu Ayoub Al Khazzaz who said,
‘We lodged at Al-Medina, so we went over to Abu Abdullah-asws, so he-asws said to us: ‘Where are you lodged at?’ So we said, ‘At so and so, the owner of the singing slave-girls’. He-asws said: ‘Be honourable’.
فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا عَلِمْنَا مَا أَرَادَ بِهِ وَ ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ يَقُولُ تَفَضَّلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَعُدْنَا إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْنَا إِنَّا لَا نَدْرِي مَا أَرَدْتَ بِقَوْلِكَ كُونُوا كِرَاماً
So, by Allah-azwj, we did not know what he-asws intended by it, and we thought that he-asws was saying that we should be graceful upon it. So we returned to him-asws, and we said, ‘We do not know what you-asws intended by your-asws words: ‘Be honourable’’.
فَقَالَ أَ مَا سَمِعْتُمْ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ إِذا مَرُّوا بِاللَّغْوِ مَرُّوا كِراماً .
So he-asws said: ‘Have you all not heard the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic in His-azwj Book: and when they pass by the vanities, they pass by nobly [25:72]?’[32]
[1] Nahjul Balagha, saying no. 20
[2] مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ الْوُقُوفُ عِنْدَ الشُّبْهَةِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الِاقْتِحَامِ فِي الْهَلَكَةِ وَ تَرْكُكَ حَدِيثاً لَمْ تُرْوَهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رِوَايَتِكَ حَدِيثاً لَمْ تُحْصِهِ.
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al Nu’man, from Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Dawood Bin Farqad, from Abu Saeed Al Zuhry,
Abu Ja’far–asws having said: ‘The pausing at the doubtful (vagueness) is better than storming into the destruction ….(an extract).[2]
[3] ابن الوليد، عن الصفار، عن جعفر بن محمد بن عبيد الله، عن القداح، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: أربعة لا يشبعن من أربعة: الارض من المطر، والعين من النظر، والانثى من الذكر، والعالم من العلم.
Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Ubeydullah, from Al-Qadah,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Four are never satiated: the ground from the rain, and the eyes from the looking, and the female from the male, and the scholar from the knowledge’’.[3]
[4] تفسير القمّي 2: 141
[5] تفسير الصافي، ج3، ص: 394
[6] تفسير الصافي، ج3، ص: 394
[7] فسير نور الثقلين، ج3، ص: 528 – H 15
[8] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book Of Salāt CH 100 H 9
[9] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 121 H 14
[10] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Intellect and Ignorance CH 1 H 16 (Extract)
[11] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 62 H 4
[12] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 121 H 14
[13] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 211/ 42.
[14] تفسير الصافي، ج3، ص: 394
[15] MISHKAT UL-ANWAR FI GHURAR AL-AKHBAR, H. 335
[16] تفسير الصافي، ج3، ص: 394
[17] فسير نور الثقلين، ج3، ص: 528 – H 15
[18] تفسير القمّي 2: 88 (Extract)
[19] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Drinks Ch 34 H 23
[20] Al Kafi – V 8 – Hadeeth 14551
[21] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Intellect and Ignorance CH 1 H 16
[22] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Intellect and Ignorance CH 7 H 5
[23] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 62 H 4
[24] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 60 H 31
[25] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book Of Salāt CH 100 H 9
[26] Al Kafi – V 4 – The Book of Fasts Ch 5 H 7
[27] Al Kafi – V 4 – The Book of Hajj Ch 47 H 3
[28] (تأويل الآيات 2: 738/ 9.) (Extract)
[29] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 3, The book of Tawheed, Ch 4 H 1
[30] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Drinks Ch 34 H 6
[31] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 18 H 1 (Extract)
[32] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Drinks Ch 34 H 9