(Morning Brightness)
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ
Brief Introduction of Al-Zoha (93):
Sura Al-Zoha (11 verses) was revealed in Makkah. Imam Sadiq-asws says: Regarding his statement: “And the Hereafter is better for you than the first (93:4),” he-asws said: He-azwj Means the last time for the Prophet-saww. I said: His-azwj Statement: “And your Lord will give you, and you will be satisfied (93:5),” he-asws said: He-azwj will Give you from Paradise, and you will be satisfied.
“Did He not find you an orphan and give you shelter (93:6)?” “And He found you lost and guided you (93:7).” That is, He-azwj guided to you-saww a people who did not know you-saww until they recognized you-saww . “And He found you poor and made you self-sufficient (93:8).” That is, He-azwj Found you-saww providing for People and enriched them with your knowledge.[1]
MERITS
ابن بابويه: بإسناده، عن معاوية بن عمار، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال: «من أكثر قراءة (و الشمس) و (و الليل إذا يغشى) و (و الضحى) و (ألم نشرح) في يوم أو ليلة، لم يبق شيء بحضرته إلا شهد له يوم القيامة، حتى شعره و بشره و لحمه و دمه و عروقه و عصبه و عظامه، و كل ما أقلته الأرض معه
Ibn Babuwayh, by his chain, from Muawiya Bin Amaar, who has said:
‘Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The one who frequents in reciting: (I Swear) by the sun and its brightness [91:1] (Surah Al-Shams), and (I Swear) by the night when enveloping [92:1] (Surah Al-Layl), and (I Swear) by the clarity [93:1] (Surah Al-Zoha), and Did We not Expand your chest for you? [94:1] (Surah Al-Inshirah), during a day of night, there would not remain anything in his presence except it would testify for him on the Day of Judgment, to the extent of his hair, and his skin, and his flesh, and his blood, and his veins, and his nerves, and his bones, and all what the ground carried with him.
و يقول الرب تبارك و تعالى: قبلت شهادتكم لعبدي، و أجزتها له، انطلقوا به إلى جناني حتى يتخير منها حيث ما أحب، فأعطوه [إياها] من غير من، و لكن رحمة مني و فضلا عليه، و هنيئا لعبدي
And the Lord-azwj Blessed and Exalted would be Saying: ‘I-azwj Accept your testimonies for My-azwj servant) and would Recompense him for it. Go with him to My-azwj Garden unto he chooses from it wherever he loves to be, and I-azwj would Give it to him from without a Favour, but as a Mercy from Me-azwj and a Grace upon him. And congratulations to My-azwj servant!”’.[2]
و من (خواص القرآن): روي عن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله)، أنه قال: «من قرأ هذه السورة، وجبت له شفاعة محمد (صلى الله عليه و آله) يوم القيامة
And from Khawas Al-Quran:
It has been reported from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘One who recites this Chapter (Surah Al-Zoha), the intercession of Muhammad-saww on the Day of Judgement would be obligated for him, and there will be written for him from the Rewards of the number of every beggar and orphan, ten times over.
و كتب له من الحسنات بعدد كل سائل و يتيم عشر مرات
And if it is written upon the name of an absentee (missing person), he would return to his companions safely.
و إن كتبها على اسم غائب ضال رجع إلى أصحابه سالما، و من نسي في موضع شيئا ثم ذكره و قرأها، حفظه الله إلى أن يأخذه
And one who forgets anything kept in a place, then mentions it and recites it, Allah-azwj would Keep it Safe for him until he takes it’.[3]
VERSES 1 – 3
وَالضُّحَىٰ {1}
(I Swear) by the brightness (of the morning) [93:1]
وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَىٰ {2}
And (I Swear) by the night which spreads the darkness [93:2]
مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلَىٰ {3}
(O Prophet) Your Lord has neither forsaken (abandoned) you, and nor He is displeased (with you) [93:3]
في جوامع الجامع وروى ان الوحى كان قد احتبس عنه اياما فقال المشركون ان محمدا ودعه ربه وقلاه فنزلت
In Jawame’a Al-Jame’a –
It has been reported that, the Revelation was Withheld for days, so the Polytheists said that Muhammad-saww has been Neglected by his-saww Lord-azwj Who is Displeased with him-saww, so it (Surah Al-Zoha) was Revealed’.[4]
VERSES 4 & 5
وَلَلْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنَ الْأُولَىٰ {4}
And the Hereafter is better for you than the first (life) [93:4]
وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضَىٰ {5}
And soon your Lord will Give you, so you will be pleased [93:5]
ثم قال علي بن إبراهيم: حدثنا جعفر بن أحمد، قال: حدثنا عبيد الله بن موسى، عن الحسن بن علي بن أبي حمزة، عن أبيه، عن أبي بصير، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، في قوله تعالى: وَ لَلْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنَ الْأُولى، قال: «يعني الكرة هي الآخرة للنبي (صلى الله عليه و آله)
Then Ali Bin Ibrahim said that it has been narrated from Ja’far Bin Ahmad, from Ubeydullah Bin Musa, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from his father, from Abu Baseer, who has said:
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: And the Hereafter is better for you than the first (life) [93:4], said: ‘It Means the Return it is the Hereafter for (which) the Prophet-saww’ (would be in charge).
[قلت] قوله: وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضى، [قال]: «يعطيك من الجنة حتى ترضى
I said, ‘(What about) His-azwj Words: And soon your Lord will Give you, so you will be pleased [93:5]?’ He-asws said: ‘He-azwj will Give you-saww from the Paradise until you-saww are pleased’.[5]
و من طريق المخالفين: (تفسير الثعلبي)، عن جعفر بن محمد (عليه السلام)، و (تفسير القشيري)، عن جابر الأنصاري: أنه رأى النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) فاطمة و عليها كساء من أجلة الإبل، و هي تطحن بيديها، و ترضع ولدها، فدمعت عينا رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، فقال: «يا بنتاه، تعجلي مرارة الدنيا بحلاوة الآخرة
And from ‘Tareeq Al-Mukhalifeen’ – Tafseer Al-Sa’alby, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad -asws, and Tafseer Al-Qusheyri, from Jabir Al-Ansary, who has said:
‘The Prophet-saww saw (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and she-asws had upon her-asws a blanket of camel skin, and she-asws was grinding the millstone, so the eyes of Rasool-Allah-saww shed tears. He-saww said: ‘O daughter-asws! May the bitterness of the world hasten past by the sweetness of the Hereafter’.
فقالت: «يا رسول الله، الحمد لله على نعمائه، و الشكر لله على آلائه
So Syeda-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! The Praise is for Allah-azwj upon His-azwj Favours, and Thanks is for Allah-azwj for His-azwj Favours’.
فأنزل الله تعالى: وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضى
So Allah-azwj, the Exalted Revealed: And soon your Lord will Give you, so you will be pleased [93:5]’.[6]
و عنه: عن أحمد بن محمد النوفلي، عن أحمد بن محمد الكاتب، عن عيسى بن مهران، بإسناده إلى زيد بن علي (عليه السلام)، في قول الله عز و جل: وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضى، قال: إن رضا رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) إدخال أهل بيته و شيعتهم الجنة، و كيف لا و إنما خلقت الجنة لهم، و النار لأعدائهم، فعلى أعدائهم لعنة الله و الملائكة و الناس أجمعين
And from him, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al-Nowfaly, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al-Katin, from Isa Bin Mahran,
by his chain going up to Zayd son of Ali-asws (Bin Al-Husayn-asws) And soon your Lord will Give you, so you will be pleased [93:5], he-asws said: ‘The satisfaction of Rasool-Allah-saww is the entering of his-saww Ahl Al-Bayt-asws and their-asws Shias in the Paradise, and why not, for the Paradise has been Created for them-asws and the Fire for their-asws enemies. So, upon their-asws enemies be the Curse of Allah-azwj, and of the Angels, and of the people altogether’.[7]
VERSES 6 – 8
أَلَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيمًا فَآوَىٰ {6}
Did He not Find you an orphan so He Sheltered? [93:6]
وَوَجَدَكَ ضَالًّا فَهَدَىٰ {7}
And Found you lost (unknown) so He Guided (people to you)? [93:7]
وَوَجَدَكَ عَائِلًا فَأَغْنَىٰ {8}
And Found you in need, so He made (you) Needless (of people)? [93:8]
و عنه، قال: حدثنا تميم بن عبد الله بن تميم القرشي، قال: حدثني أبي، عن حمدان بن سليمان النيسابوري، عن علي بن محمد بن الجهم، قال: حضرت مجلس المأمون- فذكر الحديث الذي فيه ذكر الآيات التي سأل المأمون الرضا (عليه السلام) في عصمة الأنبياء
And from him, from Tameem Bin Abdullah Bin Tameem Al-Qarshy, from his father, from Hamaad Bin Suleyman Al-Neysaboury, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al-Jaham who said:
‘I was present in a gathering of Al-Mamoun’ – and he mentioned the Hadeeth in which is the mention of the Verses which Mamoun asked Al-Reza-asws regarding the Infallibility of the Prophets-as.
قال الرضا (عليه السلام): «قال الله تعالى لنبيه محمد (صلى الله عليه و آله): أَ لَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيماً فَآوى يقول: ألم يجدك وحيدا فآوى إليك الناس
‘Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Said to His-azwj Prophet-saww: Did He not Find you an orphan so He Sheltered? [93:6], He-azwj is Saying: “Did He-azwj not Find you-saww as alone, so He-azwj Sheltered (from Fire) the people to (through) you-saww?”
وَ وَجَدَكَ ضَالًّا يعني عند قومك فَهَدى أي هداهم إلى معرفتك
And Found you lost so He Guided? [93:7] – meaning (lost) in the presence of your-saww people, so He-azwj Guided, i.e. Guided them to recognising you-saww.
وَ وَجَدَكَ عائِلًا فَأَغْنى يقول: أغناك بأن جعل دعاءك مستجابا
And Found you in need, so He Enriched? [93:8] – so He-azwj is Saying: “Enriched you-saww by Making your supplications to be Answered”’.
فقال المأمون: بارك الله فيك يا بن رسول الله
Al-Mamoun said, ‘May Allah-azwj Bless you-asws, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww’.[8]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين، عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله، عن أبيه، عن خالد بن يزيد، عن أبي الهيثم الواسطي، عن زرارة، عن أحدهما (عليهما السلام)، في قوله تعالى: أَ لَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيماً فَآوى: «إليك الناس
Ali Bin Ibrahim (Tafseer Qummi) said that it has been narrated from Ali Bin Al-Husayn, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from his father, from Khalid Bin Yazeed, from Abu Al-Haysam Al-Wasty, from Zurara, who has narrated:
One of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) regarding the Words of the Exalted: Did He not Find you an orphan so He Sheltered? [93:6] – (Sheltered) the people (through) you-saww.
وَ وَجَدَكَ ضَالًّا فَهَدى أي هدى إليك قوما لا يعرفونك حتى عرفوك
And Found you lost so He Guided? [93:7] – i.e., He-azwj Guided those who did not recognise you-saww, to you-saww, until they were able to your-saww recognition.
وَ وَجَدَكَ عائِلًا فَأَغْنى أي وجدك تعول أقواما فأغناهم بعلمك
And Found you in need, so He Enriched? [93:8] – i.e., the people found you-saww as a support, so they were enriched by your-saww knowledge’.[9]
VERSES 9 & 10
فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ {9}
Then, as for the orphan, so do not subdue [93:9]
وَأَمَّا السَّائِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ {10}
And as for the beggar, so do not repel [93:10]
وعن عبد الله بن مسعود قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: من مسح على رأس يتيم كان له بكل شعرة تمر به على يده نور يوم القيامة
And from Abdullah Bin Mas’oud who said:
‘The Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who wipes his hand upon the head of an orphan, would have for him, for every hair that his hand passed upon, Light on the Day of Judgement’.[10]
وقال عليه السلام: اعط السائل ولو ظهر فرس
And he-asws said: ‘And give to the beggar, even if you are upon a horse’.[11]
وقال أبو جعفر عليه السلام: لو يعلم السائل ما في المسألة ما سئل احد احدا، ولم يعلم المعطى ما في العطية ما رد احد احدا
And Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘If only the beggar knew what is in the begging, he would not ask for a single one (coin), and if the giver knew what was in the giving, he would never return a single one (empty handed)’.[12]
فِي كِتَابِ مَعَانِي الْأَخْبَارِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى أَبِي خَالِدٍ الْكَابُلِيِّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ زَيْنَ الْعَابِدِينَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ: الذُّنُوبُ الَّتِي تَحْبِسُ غَيْثَ السَّمَاءِ جَوْرُ الْحُكَّامِ فِي الْقَضَاءِ، وَ شَهَادَةُ الزُّورِ وَ كِتْمَانُ الشَّهَادَةِ، وَ مَنْعُ الزَّكَاةِ وَ الْقَرْضِ وَ الْمَاعُونِ وَ قَسَاوَةُ الْقُلُوبِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْفَقْرِ وَ الْفَاقَةِ، وَ ظُلْمُ الْيَتِيمِ وَ الْأَرْمَلَةِ وَ انْتِهَارُ السَّائِلِ وَ رَدُّهُ بِاللَّيْل
In the book (Ma’any Al Akhbar), by his chain going up to Khalid Al Kabuly who said,
‘I heard Zayn Al-Abideen Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws saying: ‘The sins which withhold the rain of the sky are – being tyrannous in the judgment, and the false testimony, and concealment of the testimony, and prevention of the Zakat, and the loans and the aids, and the hardness of the hearts upon the ones with poverty and the destitution, and being unjust to the orphan and the widow, rebuking the beggar, and repelling (the beggar) at night’’.[13]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ صَبِيحٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فَجَاءَهُ سَائِلٌ فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ آخَرُ فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ آخَرُ فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ آخَرُ فَقَالَ يَسَعُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Abdullah Bin Sinan, from Al Waleed Bin sabeeh who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws, so a beggar came over. So he-asws gave him. Then another one came over, so he-asws gave him. Then another one came over, so he-asws gave him. Then another one came over, so he-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj Extend upon you’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَجُلًا لَوْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ يَبْلُغُ ثَلَاثِينَ أَوْ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ ثُمَّ شَاءَ أَنْ لَا يَبْقَى مِنْهَا إِلَّا وَضَعَهَا فِي حَقٍّ لَفَعَلَ فَيَبْقَى لَا مَالَ لَهُ فَيَكُونُ مِنَ الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ يُرَدُّ دُعَاؤُهُمْ قُلْتُ مَنْ هُمْ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمْ رَجُلٌ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَأَنْفَقَهُ فِي غَيْرِ وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ ارْزُقْنِي فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ لَمْ أَجْعَلْ لَكَ سَبِيلًا إِلَى طَلَبِ الرِّزْقِ
Then he-asws said: ‘If a man, even if he had wealth reaching up to thirty or forty thousand Dirhams, then he so desires that there should not remain anything from it except that he should place it in a rightful way. So he does it, and there does not remain any wealth for himself, so he would happen to be from the three (kinds of people) whose supplications would be returned (unanswered)’. I said, ‘Who are they?’ He-asws said: ‘One of them is a man who had wealth for him, so he spent it in other than its (rightful) way, then said, ‘O Lord-azwj! Grace me’. So He-azwj Would Say to him: “Did I not Make a way for you to seeking the livelihood?’[14]
وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) يَقُولُ فِي السُّؤَّالِ أَطْعِمُوا ثَلَاثَةً إِنْ شِئْتُمْ أَنْ تَزْدَادُوا فَازْدَادُوا وَ إِلَّا فَقَدْ أَدَّيْتُمْ حَقَّ يَوْمِكُمْ
From him, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Usman Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying regarding the question: ‘Feed three (people). If you so desire to increase, so increase, or else you would have fulfilled a right of your day’.[15]
VERSE 11
وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ {11}
And as for a (grand) Favour of your Lord, so keep on announcing (it) [93:11]
عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ فَضْلٍ الْبَقْبَاقِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ قَالَ الَّذِي أَنْعَمَ عَلَيْكَ بِمَا فَضَّلَكَ وَ أَعْطَاكَ وَ أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ فَحَدَّثَ بِدِينِهِ وَ مَا أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ وَ مَا أَنْعَمَ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ
From him, from Ahmad Bin Muhamad Bin Abu Nasr, from Dawood Bin Al Husayn, from Fazl Al Baqbaq who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And as for the Favour of your Lord, so do announce (it) [93:11]. He-asws said: ‘The One-azwj Who Favoured upon you-saww with whatever He-azwj Graced you-saww, and Gave you-saww, and was Good to you-saww’. Then he-asws said: ‘So he-saww announced His-azwj Religion what Allah-azwj had Given him-saww, and whatever He-azwj had Favoured with upon him-saww’.[16]
أحمد بن محمد بن خالد البرقي: عن الوشاء، عن عاصم بن حميد، عن عمرو بن أبي نصر، قال: حدثني رجل من أهل البصرة، قال: رأيت الحسين بن علي (عليه السلام) و عبد الله بن عمر يطوفان بالبيت، فسألت ابن عمر، فقلت: قول الله تعالى: وَ أَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ؟ قال: أمره أن يحدث بما أنعم الله عليه
Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid Al-Barqy, from Al-Washa, from Aasim Bin Hameed, from Amro Bin Abu Nasr who said, ‘It has been narrated to me from a man from Al-Basra who said,
‘I saw Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws and Abdullah Bin Umar both performing Tawaaf of the House (Kabah). So I asked Ibn Umar, ‘(What about) the Words of Allah-azwj: And as for the Favour of your Lord, so do announce (it) [93:11]?’ He said, ‘He-azwj Commanded him-saww to announce what Blessings Allah-azwj has Granted to him-saww’.
ثم إني قلت للحسين بن علي (عليه السلام): قول الله تعالى: وَ أَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ قال: «أمره أن يحدث بما أنعم الله عليه من دينه
Then I said to Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, ‘(What about) the Words of Allah-azwj: And as for the Favour of your Lord, so do announce (it) [93:11]?’ He-asws said: ‘Commanded him-saww to announce what Blessings Allah-azwj had Granted to him-saww from His-azwj Religion’.[17]
على بن ابراهيم عن أبيه عن ابن أبى عمير رفعه قال: قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: اننى لاكره للرجل ان يكون عليه من الله نعمة فلا يظهرها
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr with an unbroken chain, said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘I-asws do not like it for the man to whom comes the Bounty from Allah-azwj (related to religion) but he does not show it’.[18]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ وَ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ غَيْرُهُمَا بِأَسَانِيدَ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ فِي احْتِجَاجِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( عليه السلام ) عَلَى عَاصِمِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ حِينَ لَبِسَ الْعَبَاءَ وَ تَرَكَ الْمُلَاءَ وَ شَكَاهُ أَخُوهُ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( عليه السلام ) أَنَّهُ قَدْ غَمَّ أَهْلَهُ وَ أَحْزَنَ وُلْدَهُ بِذَلِكَ
Ali Bin Muhammad, from Salih Bin Abu Hammad and a number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad and some others, by their different chains,
‘Regarding the argumentation of Amir-Al-Momineen-asws upon Asim Bin Ziyad when he wore the cloak and neglected the appropriate (easy of life), and his brother Al-Rabie Bin Ziyad complained to Amir-Al-Momineen-asws that he (his brother by adapting strict life) had saddened his wife and grieved his children with that.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( عليه السلام ) عَلَيَّ بِعَاصِمِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ فَجِيءَ بِهِ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ عَبَسَ فِي وَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ مَا اسْتَحْيَيْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ أَ مَا رَحِمْتَ وُلْدَكَ أَ تَرَى اللَّهَ أَحَلَّ لَكَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَ هُوَ يَكْرَهُ أَخْذَكَ مِنْهَا أَنْتَ أَهْوَنُ عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَ وَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ وَ الْأَرْضَ وَضَعَها لِلْأَنامِ. فِيها فاكِهَةٌ وَ النَّخْلُ ذاتُ الْأَكْمامِ
So Amir-Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘(Bring) Asim Bin Ziyad to me-asws!’ So they came with him. So when he-asws saw him, he-asws frowned his face and he-asws said to him: ‘Are you not ashamed from your wife? Are you not being merciful to your children? Do you view that Allah-azwj Permitted the good things for you and He-azwj would Abhor it if you were to take from these? You are lesser upon Allah-azwj than that. Or, isn’t Allah-azwj Saying: And the earth, He Placed it for the creatures [55:10] Therein are fruits, and the palm trees with the sheathed clusters [55:11]?
أَ وَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ يَلْتَقِيانِ. بَيْنَهُما بَرْزَخٌ لا يَبْغِيانِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُمَا اللُّؤْلُؤُ وَ الْمَرْجانُ فَبِاللَّهِ لَابْتِذَالُ نِعَمِ اللَّهِ بِالْفَعَالِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ مِنِ ابْتِذَالِهَا بِالْمَقَالِ وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ
Or isn’t Allah-azwj Saying: He Let loose the two seas to meet [55:19] Between them is a barrier which they do not violate [55:20] – up to His-azwj Words: [There come forth from them the pearls and the rubies [55:22]? So, by Allah-azwj, utilisation of the Bounties of Allah-azwj by the deeds is more Beloved to Him-azwj than utilising them by the words, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Said: And as for the Favour of your Lord, so do announce (it) [93:11]’.
فَقَالَ عَاصِمٌ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَعَلَى مَا اقْتَصَرْتَ فِي مَطْعَمِكَ عَلَى الْجُشُوبَةِ وَ فِي مَلْبَسِكَ عَلَى الْخُشُونَةِ
Asim said, ‘O Amir-Al-Momineen-asws! So upon what do you-asws confine (yourself) regarding your-asws food upon the tastelessness, and regarding your-asws clothing upon the coarseness?’
فَقَالَ وَيْحَكَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَرَضَ عَلَى أَئِمَّةِ الْعَدْلِ أَنْ يُقَدِّرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ بِضَعَفَةِ النَّاسِ كَيْلَا يَتَبَيَّغَ بِالْفَقِيرِ فَقْرُهُ
He-asws said: ‘Woe be unto you! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Necessitated upon the Imams-asws of justice that they should manage themselves with the weak ones of the people, perhaps the poor might despair due to his poverty’.
فَأَلْقَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْعَبَاءَ وَ لَبِسَ الْمُلَاءَ
So, Asim Bin Ziyad threw off the cloak and wore (that which was more) appropriate’.[19]
Announcement of the Favours by Amir-Al-Momineen-asws
أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْخُ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ بِالرَّيِّ سَنَةَ عَشَرَةٍ وَ خَمْسِمِائَةٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ الشَّيْخِ السَّعِيدِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ره قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الطَّالَقَانِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بِالْبَصْرَةِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا رَجَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ
It was informed to us by the Sheykh Abu Muhammad Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Ali Bin Babuway, at Al Rayy in the year five hundred and ten, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from his father Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn, from his uncle Al Sheykh Al Saeed Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Ali, from Abu Al Abbas Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya, at Al Basra, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad, from Raja’a Bin Abu Salma, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir Al-Ju’fy,
عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: خَطَبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع بِالْكُوفَةِ عِنْدَ مُنْصَرَفِهِ مِنَ النَّهْرَوَانِ وَ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ يَسُبُّهُ وَ يَعِيبُهُ وَ يَقْتُلُ أَصْحَابَهُ فَقَامَ خَطِيباً فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ ذَكَرَ مَا أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ وَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَوْ لَا آيَةٌ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ مَا ذَكَرْتُ مَا أَنَا ذَاكِرُهُ فِي مَقَامِي هَذَا يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ أَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws addressed (the people) at Al-Kufa after his-asws leaving from Al-Nahrwan, and it reached him-asws that Muawiya is insulting him-asws and faulting him-asws, and he is killing his-asws companions. So he-asws stood addressing, and he-asws praised Allah-azwj and Extolled upon Him-azwj and sent Salawat upon Rasool-Allah-saww, and he-asws mentioned what Allah-azwj had Favoured with upon His-azwj Prophet-saww and upon him-asws, then said: ‘Had it not been for a Verse from the Book of Allah-azwj, I-asws would not mention what I-asws am mentioning it in this place of mine. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: And as for the Favour of your Lord, so do announce (it) [93:11].
اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ عَلَى نِعَمِكَ الَّتِي لَا تُحْصَى وَ فَضْلِكَ الَّذِي لَا يُنْسَى أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ بَلَغَنِي مَا بَلَغَنِي وَ إِنِّي أَرَانِي قَدِ اقْتَرَبَ أَجَلِي وَ كَأَنِّي بِكُمْ وَ قَدْ جَهِلْتُمْ أَمْرِي وَ إِنِّي تَارِكٌ فِيكُمْ مَا تَرَكَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَ عِتْرَتِي وَ هِيَ عِتْرَةُ الْهَادِي إِلَى النَّجَاةِ خَاتَمِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ سَيِّدِ النُّجَبَاءِ وَ النَّبِيِّ الْمُصْطَفَى
O Allah-azwj! For You-azwj is the Praise upon Your-azwj Favours which cannot be counted, and Your-azwj Grace which cannot be forgotten. O you people! It has reached me (news) what has reached me, and I-asws see that (the end of) my-asws term is nearer, and it is as if I-asws am with you all and you have been ignorant of my-asws life-span; and I-asws hereby leave among you all what Rasool-Allah-saww had left – the Book of Allah-azwj and my-asws descendants, and it is the offspring of the Guidance to the salvation, the Seal of the Prophets-as and the Chief of the excellent ones, and the Chosen Prophet-saww’.
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ لَعَلَّكُمْ لَا تَسْمَعُونَ قَائِلًا يَقُولُ مِثْلَ قَوْلِي بَعْدِي إِلَّا مُفْتَرٍ أَنَا أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ وَ سَيْفُ نَقِمَتِهِ وَ عِمَادُ نُصْرَتِهِ وَ بَأْسُهُ وَ شِدَّتُهُ أَنَا رَحَى جَهَنَّمَ الدَّائِرَةُ وَ أَضْرَاسُهَا الطَّاحِنَةُ أَنَا مُوتِمُ الْبَنِينَ وَ الْبَنَاتِ وَ قَابِضُ الْأَرْوَاحِ وَ بَأْسُ اللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا يَرُدُّهُ عَنِ الْقَوْمِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ
O you people! You will not be hearing a speaker saying the like of my-asws speech after me-asws, except for a forger. I-asws am the brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, and a son-asws of his-saww uncle-asws, and a sword of His-azwj Wrath, and a pillar of His-azwj Triumph, and His-azwj Strength and His-azwj Severity. I-asws am a millstone circling Hell, and am its grinding molars. I-asws am an orphanage of the sons and the daughters, and the capturer of the souls, and a Torment of Allah-azwj, which cannot be repelled from the criminal people.
أَنَا مُجَدِّلُ الْأَبْطَالِ وَ قَاتِلُ الْفُرْسَانِ وَ مُبِيدُ مَنْ كَفَرَ بِالرَّحْمَنِ وَ صِهْرُ خَيْرِ الْأَنَامِ أَنَا سَيِّدُ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ وَ وَصِيُّ خَيْرِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَنَا بَابُ مَدِينَةِ الْعِلْمِ وَ خَازِنُ عِلْمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ وَارِثُهُ وَ أَنَا زَوْجُ الْبَتُولِ سَيِّدَةِ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ فَاطِمَةَ التَّقِيَّةِ النَّقِيَّةِ الزَّكِيَّةِ الْبَرَّةِ الْمَهْدِيَّةِ حَبِيبَةِ حَبِيبِ اللَّهِ وَ خَيْرِ بَنَاتِهِ وَ سُلَالَتِهِ وَ رَيْحَانَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص سِبْطَاهُ خَيْرُ الْأَسْبَاطِ وَ وُلْدِي خَيْرُ الْأَوْلَادِ هَلْ يُنْكِرُ أَحَدٌ مَا أَقُولُ أَيْنَ مُسْلِمُو أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ
I-asws am the debater of (against) the heroes, and a fighter of the horsemen, and a destroyer of the ones who disbelieve in the Beneficent, and son-in-law of the best of the creatures-saww, I-asws am the chief of the successors-as and a successor-asws of the best of the Prophets-as. I-asws am a door of the city of knowledge and a treasurer of the knowledge of Rasool-Allah-saww and his-saww inheritor, and I-asws am the husband of the chaste chieftess of the women of the worlds, (Syeda) Fatima-asws, the pious, the pure, the clean, the righteous, the Guide, the beloved of the Beloved of Allah-azwj and the best of his-saww daughters, and his-saww lineage, and an aroma of Rasool-Allah-saww. His-saww grandsons are the best of the grandsons, and my-asws children are the best of the children. Can anyone deny what I-asws am saying? Where are the People of the Book submitting (to)?
أَنَا اسْمِي فِي الْإِنْجِيلِ إِلْيَا وَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ بريا وَ فِي الزَّبُورِ اريا وَ عِنْدَ الْهِنْدِ كابر وَ عِنْدَ الرُّومِ بطريسا وَ عِنْدَ الْفُرْسِ جبير وَ عِنْدَ التُّرْكِ تبير وَ عِنْدَ الزِّنْجِ خبير وَ عِنْدَ الْكَهَنَةِ بوي وَ عِنْدَ الْحَبَشَةِ بتريك وَ عِنْدَ أُمِّي حَيْدَرَةُ وَ عِنْدَ ظِئْرِي مَيْمُونٌ وَ عِنْدَ الْعَرَبِ عَلِيٌّ وَ عِنْدَ الْأَرْمَنِ فَرِيقٌ وَ عِنْدَ أَبِي ظَهِيرٌ
I-asws, my-asws name in the Evangel is ‘Eliah’, and in the Torah it is ‘Barya’, and in the Psalms it is ‘Arya’, and with India it is ‘Kabir’, and with the Romans it is ‘Batreysa’, and with the Persians it is , ‘Jabeyr’, and with the Turks it is , ‘Tabeyr’, and with Al-Zanj it is ‘Haytar’, and with Al-Kahna it is ‘Bousy’, and with Eithiopia it is ‘Batreyk’, and with my-asws mother-as it is ‘Haydar’, and with my-asws foster mother it is ‘Maymoun’, and with the Arabs it is ‘Ali’, and with the Armenians it is ‘Fareyq’, and with my-asws father-asws it is ‘Zaheera’.
أَلَا وَ إِنِّي مَخْصُوصٌ فِي الْقُرْآنِ بِأَسْمَاءٍ احْذَرُوا أَنْ تَغْلِبُوا عَلَيْهَا فَتَضِلُّوا فِي دِينِكُمْ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ أَنَا ذَلِكَ الصَّادِقُ وَ أَنَا الْمُؤَذِّنُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَأَذَّنَ مُؤَذِّنٌ بَيْنَهُمْ أَنْ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَى الظَّالِمِينَ أَنَا ذَلِكَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ فَأَنَا ذَلِكَ الْأَذَانُ
Indeed! And I-asws am particularised in the Quran by (certain) names. Be cautioned from mastering upon these for you would be straying in your Religion! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: “Allah-azwj is with the truthful!” I-asws am that truthful, and I-asws am the proclaimer (Muezzin) in the world and the Hereafter. Allah-azwj the Exalted Says: Then a proclaimer would proclaim among them: ‘The Curse of Allah is on the unjust, [7:44]. I-asws am that proclaimer. And Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool [9:3]. So, I-asws am that proclamation.
وَ أَنَا ذَلِكَ الْمُحْسِنُ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمَعَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ وَ أَنَا ذُو الْقَلْبِ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ لَذِكْرى لِمَنْ كانَ لَهُ قَلْبٌ وَ أَنَا الذِّكْرُ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ الَّذِينَ يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ قِياماً وَ قُعُوداً وَ عَلى جُنُوبِهِمْ
And I-asws the good doer Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Speaking of: and surely Allah is with the good doers [29:69]. And I-asws am the one with the heart Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Speaking of: Surely, there is a Zikr in that for one who has a heart for him [50:37]. And I-asws am the rememberer (Zakir) Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Speaking of: Those who are recalling Allah standing and sitting and (lying) on their sides [3:191].
وَ نَحْنُ أَصْحابُ الْأَعْرافِ أَنَا وَ عَمِّي وَ أَخِي وَ ابْنُ عَمِّي وَ اللَّهِ فَالِقِ الْحَبِّ وَ النَّوَى لَا يَلِجُ النَّارَ لَنَا مُحِبٌّ وَ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مُبْغِضٌ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ عَلَى الْأَعْرافِ رِجالٌ يَعْرِفُونَ كُلًّا بِسِيماهُمْ
And we-asws are the owners of the Heights (A’raaf), I-asws and my-asws uncle-asws, and my-asws cousin-saww. By the One-azwj Who Split the seed and the cores, the Fire will not penetrate to the one who have love for us-asws, nor would he enter the Paradise the one who has hatred for us-asws. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: And between the two there shall be a veil. And upon the heights would be men recognising all by their marks [7:46].
وَ أَنَا الصِّهْرُ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ مِنَ الْماءِ بَشَراً فَجَعَلَهُ نَسَباً وَ صِهْراً وَ أَنَا الْأُذُنُ الْوَاعِيَةُ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ تَعِيَها أُذُنٌ واعِيَةٌ وَ أَنَا السَّالِمُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ رَجُلًا سَلَماً لِرَجُلٍ وَ مِنْ وُلْدِي مَهْدِيُّ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ
And I-asws am of the ‘marriage’ (son in law) Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Speaking of: And He it is Who Created a person from the water, so He Made for him relationships of lineage and marriage [25:54]. And I-asws am the retaining ear which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Speaking of: And We Made it a Reminder for you, and the retaining ear is preserving it [69:12]. And I-asws am the one who submitted to Rasool-Allah-saww, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Speaking of: and a man wholly for one man [39:29]; and from my-asws sons-asws would be the Mahdi-asws of this community.
أَلَا وَ قَدْ جُعِلْتُ مِحْنَتَكُمْ بِبُغْضِي يُعْرَفُ الْمُنَافِقُونَ وَ بِمَحَبَّتِي امْتَحَنَ اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هَذَا عَهْدُ النَّبِيِّ ص الْأُمِّيِّ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّكَ إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يُبْغِضُكَ إِلَّا مُنَافِقٌ وَ أَنَا صَاحِبُ لِوَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ
Indeed! He-azwj has Made your love to be. (It is) by hatred of me-asws the hypocrite is recognise, and by love for me-asws Allah-azwj Tests the Momineen. This is the Covenant of the Ummy Prophet-saww to me-asws: ‘He will not love you-asws, O Ali-asws except for a Momin, nor would he hate you-asws except for a hypocrite. And I-asws am the owner of the flag of Rasool-Allah-saww in the world and the Hereafter.
وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَرَطِي وَ أَنَا فَرَطُ شِيعَتِي وَ اللَّهِ لَا عَطِشَ مُحِبِّي وَ لَا خَافَ وَ اللَّهِ مُوَالِيَّ أَنَا وَلِيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ اللَّهُ وليه [وَلِيِّي] يحب [حَسْبُ] مُحِبِّيَّ أَنْ يُحِبُّوا مَنْ أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ
And Rasool-Allah-saww precedes me-asws and I-asws precede my-asws Shia, and Allah-azwj will not Leave the one who loves me-asws as thirsty, nor in fear. And Allah-azwj is my-asws Partisan and I-asws am the guardian of the Momineen-asws and Allah-azwj is my-asws Guardian. He-azwj Loves the one who loves me-asws because he loves the one-asws who loves Allah-azwj, and He-azwj Hates the one who hates me-asws because he hates the one-asws who loves Allah-azwj.
وَ يحب [حَسْبُ] مُبْغِضِيَّ أَنْ يُبْغِضُوا مَنْ أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ أَلَا وَ إِنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ سَبَّنِي وَ لَعَنَنِي اللَّهُمَّ اشْدُدْ وَطْأَتَكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَنْزِلِ اللَّعْنَةَ عَلَى الْمُسْتَحِقِّ آمِينَ رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ رَبَّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ بَاعِثَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ
Indeed! And it has reached me-asws that Muawiya is insulting me-asws and cursing me-asws. O Allah-azwj! Intensify Your-azwj Trampling upon him and Send down the Curses upon the deserving one. Ameen, Lord-azwj of the worlds, Lord-azwj of Ismail-as and the Stimulant of Ibrahim-as. You-azwj are the Praised, the Glorious’.
ثُمَّ نَزَلَ ع عَنْ أَعْوَادِهِ فَمَا عَادَ إِلَيْهَا حَتَّى قَتَلَهُ ابْنُ مُلْجَمٍ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ
Then he-asws descended from his-asws Pulpit and did not return to it until Ibn Muljim-la, may Allah-azwj Curse him-la, murdered him-asws’.[20]
[1] تفسير القمي، ج2، ص: 427
[2] (ثواب الأعمال: 123)
[3] Tafseer Al Burhan – H 11697
[4] Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 93 H 8
[5] (تفسير القمّي 2: 427)
[6] (مناقب ابن شهر آشوب 3: 342) – Non-Shia source
[7] (تأويل الآيات 2: 811/ 3.)
[8] (عيون أخبار الرّضا (عليه السّلام) 1: 199/ 1.)
[9] (تفسير القمّي 2: 427.)
[10] Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 93 H 22
[11] Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 93 H 22
[12] Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 93 H 30
[13] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج5، ص: 598 – H 24
[14] Al Kafi – V 4 – The Book of Zakaat Ch 59 H 1
[15] Al Kafi – V 4 – The Book of Zakaat Ch 59 H 2
[16] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 48 H 5
[17] (المحاسن: 218/ 115)
[18] Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 93 H 30
[19] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 106 H 3
[20] Bashaarat Al Mustafasaww Li Shia Al Murtazaasws – P 1 H 17