Summary:
‘Love’ is the most used and abused expression that we frequently come across, it is highly pious when desiring holiness but it is spoilt when tinted with lust or upon indulging into the mortal and superficial species.
The love remains pure and virtuous until we divert our attention away from the One-azwj who is Worthy of being loved (Allah-azwj) and those who serve His-azwj Cause (Masomeen-asws), so when a heart is void of the remembrance (Zikr), Allah-azwj Penalises it, as in the below Hadith:
حدثنا محمد بن على ماجيلويه رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا عمي محمد بن أبى القاسم عن محمد بن علي الكوفي عن محمد بن سنان عن المفضل بن عمر قال: سألت أبا عبد الله جعفر بن محمد الصادق ” ع ” عن العشق فقال قلوب خلت من ذكر الله فاذاقها الله حب غيره.
‘Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws was asked about ‘العشق’ the love (craze for a female/male, wealth, sport/social, hero, heroine..), so the Imam-asws said: ‘When the hearts get empty from the Remembrance of Allah-azwj, so Allah-azwj Makes (Punishes) them to taste the love of other than Him-azwj’.[1]
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أَحَبَّنَا كَانَ مَعَنَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَحَبَ حَجَراً لَحَشَرَهُ اللَّهُ مَعَهُ.
Rasool Allah-saww said: “Whoever loves us-asws will be gathered together with us-asws on the Day of Judgement, and whoever loves (something) for example a stone, (he) will be gathered together with that stone in the Hereafter.[2]
Also Rasool Allah-saww have said:
ثم قال: وال ولى هذا ولو انه قاتل أبيك وولدك وعاد عدو هذا ولو انه أبوك وولدك.
Then he-saww (Rasool Allah-saww) said: ‘Befriend the friend of his-asws (Ali-asws) even though he may have killed your father and your son, and be inimical to an enemy of his-asws (Ali-asws) even though he may be your father and your son’ (an extract, complete Hadith is given later).[3]
Finally, there are close ones, i.e., mother, father, brothers and sisters, children, wife/husbands, so they have ‘بِرُّ’ rights upon us and we are told to be righteous towards them, for example:
الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قُلْتُ أَيُّ الْأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ الصَّلَاةُ لِوَقْتِهَا وَ بِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ .
Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Washa, from Mansour Bin Hazim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘I said, ‘Which deed is the most superior?’ He-asws said: ‘The Salāt on its timing, and ‘بِرُّ’ righteousness with the parents, and the Jihād in the Way of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[4]
See additional Ahadith in Appendix I:
After adequately meeting with our obligations and honouring others’ rights – as per our specific circumstances, we need to avoid indulgence in fruitless matters (i.e., gaming/daydreaming, unworthy/trivial activities) which distract us from the remembrance (of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Appointed Walis)[5]. Hence, we embrace the pious love for the success in our lives and in the Hereafter while keeping away from the lust of worthless and mortal species.
Amir-ul-Momineen-asws (Ali-asws Ibn Abi Talib-asws) beautifully and metaphorically puts it:
‘Hours of leisure pass away like summer-clouds (without producing rain), therefore, do not waste opportunity of doing good.[6]
Introduction:
The love is for Allah-azwj and is on His-azwj behalf – the Friends of Allah-azwj, since Allah-azwj has given us one heart so love of other than Allah-azwj (enemies of Allah-azwj) cannot coexist with the love of Allah-azwj and with those who are Loved by Him-azwj.
Another topic of ‘Shirk and Wasila’ (associating others with Allah-azwj) is out of scope of this article and Ahadith related to it may be found elsewhere (http://hubeali.com/articles/Shirk-and-Wasila-20101.pdf).
The Verse of ‘Muwadadh’ (Love):
ذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يُبَشِّرُ اللَّهُ عِبَادَهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ ۗ قُلْ لَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَىٰ ۗ وَمَنْ يَقْتَرِفْ حَسَنَةً نَزِدْ لَهُ فِيهَا حُسْنًا ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ {23}
That is the Glad Tidings which Allah Gives to His servants, those who believe and are doing righteous deeds. Say: ‘I do not ask of you any reward for it but love for my ‘الْقُرْبَىٰ’ (relative-People-asws of the Household)[7]. And one who earns good, We will Increase the good for him therein. Surely, Allah is Forgiving, Grateful [42:23]
وقال الله تبارك وتعالى (قل لااسئلكم عليه اجرا إلا المودة في القربى) فاعلموا ان من يبخل فإنما يبخل على نفسه ان الله هو الغني وأنتم الفقراء إليه لا إله إلا هو فاعملوا من بعد ما شئتم فسيرى الله عملكم ورسوله والمؤمنون ثم تردون إلى عالم الغيب والشهادة فينبئكم بما كنتم تعملون والعاقبة للمتقين والحمد لله رب العالمين.
And Allah-azwj Blessed and High Said: Say: I do not ask of you any reward for it but love for People-asws of the Household [42:23]. Therefore, know that the one who is niggardly, so he has been niggardly against himself, and that Allah-azwj is the Self-sufficient, and you all are poor to Him-azwj, there being no Allah except for Him-azwj. So do whatever you like afterwards, so Allah will See your work and (so will) His Rasool and the Believers; and you shall be brought back to the Knower of the unseen and the seen, then He will inform you of what (you) were doing [9:105] and the end result is for the pious. And the Praise of for Allah-azwj the Lord-azwj of the Worlds’.[8]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (عليه السلام) يَقُولُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْأَحْوَلِ وَ أَنَا أَسْمَعُ أَتَيْتَ الْبَصْرَةَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَ مُسَارَعَةَ النَّاسِ إِلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ دُخُولَهُمْ فِيهِ قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُمْ لَقَلِيلٌ وَ لَقَدْ فَعَلُوا وَ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَقَلِيلٌ فَقَالَ عَلَيْكَ بِالْأَحْدَاثِ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَسْرَعُ إِلَى كُلِّ خَيْرٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا يَقُولُ أَهْلُ الْبَصْرَةِ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ قُلْ لا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبى قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّهَا لِأَقَارِبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فَقَالَ كَذَبُوا إِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ فِينَا خَاصَّةً فِي أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ أَصْحَابِ الْكِسَاءِ (عليهم السلام).
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al-Hakam, from Ismail Bin Abd Al-Khaliq who said:
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying to Abu Ja’far Al-Awwal, and I was listening: ‘Did you go to Al-Basra?’ He said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘How did you see the hastening of the people to this matter and their entering in it to be?’ He said, ‘By Allah-azwj, they are few, and they have done it but that is little’. He-asws said: ‘It is on you to (approach) the juveniles for they are quick to every good’.
Then he-asws said: ‘What are the people of Al-Basra saying regarding this Verse: ‘[42:23] Say: I do not ask of you any reward for it but love for People-asws of the Household”. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, they are saying that it is for the near relatives of the Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj’. He-asws said: ‘They lie. But rather it Descended with regards to us-asws especially, regarding the People-asws of the Household, regarding Ali-asws, and Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws the ones of the Cloak (As’haab Al-Kisaa)’.[9]
Love is – the unconditional submission:
مِنْ كِتَابِ الْمَحَاسِنِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي حَدِيثٍ لَهُ قَالَ لِزِيَادٍ وَيْحَكَ هَلِ الدِّينُ إِلَّا الْحُبُ أَ لَا تَرَى قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللَّهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحْبِبْكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ يَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ أَ وَ لَا تَرَى قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمُحَمَّدٍ حَبَّبَ إِلَيْكُمُ الْإِيمانَ وَ زَيَّنَهُ فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ وَ قَالَ يُحِبُّونَ مَنْ هاجَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ- فَالدِّينُ هُوَ الْحُبُّ وَ الْحُبُّ هُوَ الدِّينُ.
In Al-Mahasin it is narrated that Imam Baqir-asws told Zeyad: “Woe to you. Is religion anything but love?
Have you not seen the words of Allah-azwj: “ Say (O Rasool): ‘If you (people) love Allah, then follow me. Allah will Love you and Forgive you (for) your sins; and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful’ [3:31]“. Have you not heard what Allah-azwj Told Muhammad-saww: “But Allah has endeared the Faith to you, and has made it beautiful in your hearts, and He has made hateful to you unbelief, wickedness, and rebellion: such indeed are those who walk in righteousness.” [49:7] And Allah-azwj Said: “Show their affection to such as came to them for refuge.” [59:9]; Therefore religion is the same as love, and love is the same as religion.”[10]
وَ مِنْ كِتَابٍ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ مَا لِي أَرَاكَ سَاكِتاً قَالَ خَشْيَتُكَ أَسْكَتَتْنِي قَالَ يَا دَاوُدُ مَا لِي أَرَاكَ نَصِباً قَالَ حُبُّكَ نَصَبَنِي قَالَ يَا دَاوُدُ مَا لِي أَرَاكَ فَقِيراً قَالَ الْقِيَامُ بِحَقِّكَ أَفْقَرَنِي قَالَ يَا دَاوُدُ مَا لِي أَرَاكَ مُتَذَلِّلًا قَالَ عِظَمُ جَلَالِكَ الَّذِي لَا يُوصَفُ ذَلَّلَنِي قَالَ يَا دَاوُدُ أَبْشِرْ بِالْفَضْلِ مِنِّي فِيمَا تُحِبُّ يَوْمَ تَلْقَانِي خَالِطِ النَّاسَ بِأَخْلَاقِهِمْ وَ زَايِلْهُمْ بِدِينِكَ تَنَلْ مِنِّي مَا تُرِيدُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.
Imam Sadiq-asws said: “Allah-azwj revealed to (Prophet) David-as. Why are you so quiet?” David-as said: “Your-azwj Awe has silenced me.” Allah-azwj Asked: “Why are you so slim?” He-as said: “Your-azwj Love made me slim.” Allah-azwj Said: “Why are you so poor?” He-as said: “Standing up for Your-azwj right has made me poor.” Allah-azwj Said: “O’ David! Why have you humiliated yourself?” He-as said: “Your-azwj Indescribable Majesty and Grandeur has humiliated me.”
Allah-azwj Said: “O’ David! Now I-azwj Give you the glad tidings that you will receive what you love the Day you meet Me-azwj. Associate with the people according to their own ways, but be separate from them in your religious issues. You will attain whatever you want from Me-azwj on the Judgement Day.”[11]
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رَأْسُ الْعَقْلِ بَعْدَ الْإِيمَانِ بِاللَّهِ تَعَالَى التَّحَبُّبُ إِلَى النَّاسِ.
Rasool Allah-saww said: “The highest level of intelligence other than ‘Eman’ (faith) in Allah-azwj is expressing love for the people (for Sake of Allah-azwj).”[12]
حدثنا أبو سعيد محمد بن الفضل بن محمد بن اسحاق المذكر النيسابوري قال حدثنا احمد بن العباس بن حمزة قال: حدثنا احمد بن يحيى الصوفي الكوفي قال حدثنا يحيى بن معين قال حدثنا هشام بن يوسف عن عبد الله بن سليمان النوفلي عن محمد بن علي بن عبد الله بن عباس عن أبيه عن جده قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله احبوا الله لما يغدوكم به من نعمه واحبوني لحب الله واحبوا أهل بيتي لحبي.
Abu Saeed Muhammad Bin Al Fazal Bin Muhammad Bin Is’haq Al Mazkar Al Naysabouri narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Al Abbas Bin Hamza, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Al Sowfy Al Kufy, from Yahya Bin Maeen, from Hisham Bin Yusuf, from Abdullah Bin Suleyman Al Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Abdullah Bin Abbas, from his father, from his grandfather who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Love Allah-azwj when you come to be with His-azwj Bounties, and love me-saww for the love of Allah-azwj, and love the People-asws of my-saww Household for my-asws love’.[13]
حدثنا عبد الله بن محمد بن عبد الوهاب القرشي قال: حدثنا أبو نصر منصور بن عبد الله بن إبراهيم الاصبهاني قال: حدثنا على بن عبد الله قال حدثنا عثمان بن خرذاذ قال: حدثنا محمد بن عمران قال: حدثنا سعيد بن عمرو عن عبد الرحمان بن أبى ليلى عن ابيه ابى ليلى قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لا يؤمن عبد حتى اكون أحب إليه من نفسه وتكون عترتي إليه أعز من عترته ويكون أهلي أحبه إليه من اهله وتكون ذاتي أحب إليه من ذاته.
Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahab Al Qarshy narrated to us, from Abu Nasr Mansour Bin Abdullah Bin Ibrahim Al Isbahany, from Ali Bin Abdullah, fro mUsman Bin Kharzaz, from Muhammad Bin Imran, from Saeed Bin Amro, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Layli, from his father Abu Layli who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘A servant has not believed until he happens to love me-saww more than himself, and my-saww family happens to be more dear to him than his own relatives, my-saww self happens to be more beloved to him than his own self’.[14]
حدثنا أبو محمد الحسن بن محمد بن يحيى بن الحسن بن جعفر بن عبيدالله ابن الحسين بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن ابى طالب ” ع ” قال: حدثني جدي يحيى ابن الحسن قال حدثني إبراهيم بن محمد بن يوسف الفريابى المقدسي قال: حدثنا علي ابن الحسن، عن إبراهيم بن رستم عن أبى حمزة السكري عن جابر بن يزيد الجعفي عن عبد الرحمان بن ساباط قال: كان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله يقول لعقيل إنى لاحبك يا عقيل حبين لك وحبا لحب أبى طالب لك.
Abu Muhammad Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Bin Al Hassan Bin Ja’far Bin Ubeydullah Ibn Al Husayn Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws narrated to us saygin, ‘My grandfather Yahya Ibn Al Hassan narrated to me, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Yusuf Al Faryabi Al Mqadasy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan, from Ibrahim Bin Rustam, from Abu Hamaza Al Askary, from Jabir Bin Yazeed Al Ju’fy, from Abdul Rahman Bin Sabat who said,
‘The Prophet-saww was saying to Aqeel: ‘I-saww love you, O Aqeel, with two loves – a love for you and a love for the love for Abu Talib-as for you’.[15]
How to Find Love for Allah-azwj?
عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَا مُوسَى أَحِبَّنِي وَ أَحْبِبْنِي إِلَى خَلْقِي قَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّكَ لَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْكَ- فَكَيْفَ لِي بِقُلُوبِ الْعِبَادِ قَالَ ذَكِّرْهُمْ نعماي [نَعْمَائِي] وَ آلَائِي فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَذْكُرُونَ مِنِّي إِلَّا حَسَناً.
Imam Baqir-asws said that Allah-azwj told (Prophet) Moses-as: “O’ Moses! Love Me-azwj and make Me-azwj loved by the people.” Moses-as said: “O’ My Lord! You-azwj Know that nothing is dearer to me than You-azwj are. How can I-as attract the people’s hearts to You-azwj?” Allah-azwj said: “Remind them of My-azwj Blessings, since they will not remember anything but My-azwj Kindness (Hence will Develop Love for Me-azwj).”[16]
Allah-azwj Abhors the love of the World:
يَا عِيسَى أَذِلَّ قَلْبَكَ بِالْخَشْيَةِ وَ انْظُرْ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَسْفَلُ مِنْكَ وَ لَا تَنْظُرْ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ فَوْقَكَ وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ رَأْسَ كُلِّ خَطِيئَةٍ وَ ذَنْبٍ هُوَ حُبُّ الدُّنْيَا فَلَا تُحِبَّهَا فَإِنِّي لَا أُحِبُّهَا
(Allah-azwj Said) O Isa-as! Humble your-as heart by the reverence, and look to the one who is below you-as, and do not look to the one who is above you-as, and know that the head of every error and sin is the love of the world, so do not love it for I-azwj do not Love it.
يَا عِيسَى أَطِبْ لِي قَلْبَكَ وَ أَكْثِرْ ذِكْرِي فِي الْخَلَوَاتِ وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ سُرُورِي أَنْ تُبَصْبِصَ إِلَيَّ كُنْ فِي ذَلِكَ حَيّاً وَ لَا تَكُنْ مَيِّتاً
O Isa-as! Perfume your-as heart for Me-azwj and frequent My-azwj Remembrance in the privacy, and know that My-azwj Happiness is in your-as pleading to Me-azwj, so be alive during that and not become as dead (heart).[17]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ نُوحِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الدِّهْقَانِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا عُصِيَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ سِتٌّ حُبُّ الدُّنْيَا وَ حُبُّ الرِّئَاسَةِ وَ حُبُّ الطَّعَامِ وَ حُبُّ النَّوْمِ وَ حُبُّ الرَّاحَةِ وَ حُبُّ النِّسَاءِ .
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Nuh Bin Shuayb, from Abdullah Al Dihqan, from Abdullah Bin Sinan, from
Abu Abdullah-asws says that ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The first of what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic was disobeyed with were six – love of the world, and love of the leadership, and love of the food, and love of the sleep, and love of the rest, and love of the women’.[18]
Allah-azwj did not Make two hearts for a man!
مَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ قَلْبَيْنِ فِي جَوْفِهِ ۚ وَمَا جَعَلَ أَزْوَاجَكُمُ اللَّائِي تُظَاهِرُونَ مِنْهُنَّ أُمَّهَاتِكُمْ ۚ وَمَا جَعَلَ أَدْعِيَاءَكُمْ أَبْنَاءَكُمْ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ قَوْلُكُمْ بِأَفْوَاهِكُمْ ۖ وَاللَّهُ يَقُولُ الْحَقَّ وَهُوَ يَهْدِي السَّبِيلَ {4}
Allah did not Make two hearts for a man to be inside him, and He did not Make you wives, those of whom you are doing Zihar with, as being your mothers, and He did not Make you adopted sons as being your sons. These are your words with your own mouths, and Allah is Saying the Truth, and He Guides to the Way [33:4]
ادْعُوهُمْ لِآبَائِهِمْ هُوَ أَقْسَطُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ ۚ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا آبَاءَهُمْ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَمَوَالِيكُمْ ۚ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا أَخْطَأْتُمْ بِهِ وَلَٰكِنْ مَا تَعَمَّدَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ ۚ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَحِيمًا {5}
Assert them to their fathers, this is more equitable in the Presence of Allah. But if you do not know (who) their fathers are, then they are your brethren in the Religion and are your friends. And there isn’t any blame on you regarding what you err with, but what your hearts deliberate with; and Allah was always Forgiving, Merciful [33:5]
Be with the One Tongue and One Heart:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ( عليه السلام ) يَا عِيسَى لِيَكُنْ لِسَانُكَ فِي السِّرِّ وَ الْعَلَانِيَةِ لِسَاناً وَاحِداً وَ كَذَلِكَ قَلْبُكَ إِنِّي أُحَذِّرُكَ نَفْسَكَ وَ كَفَى بِي خَبِيراً لَا يَصْلُحُ لِسَانَانِ فِي فَمٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ لَا سَيْفَانِ فِي غِمْدٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ لَا قَلْبَانِ فِي صَدْرٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْأَذْهَانُ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Abdul Rashman Bin Hammad, raising it, said,
‘Allah-azwj blessed and High Said to Isa-as Ibn Maryam-as: “O Isa-as! Let your-as tongue during the privacy and the public be one tongue, and similar to that, your heart. I-azwj Caution you-as of yourself-as and suffice with Me-azwj as an All-Knowing. It is not correct for there to be two tongues in one mouth, nor two swords in one sheath, nor two hearts in one chest, and similar to that are the minds’.[19]
[ المفيد ] حدثني أبو القاسم جعفر بن محمد بن قولويه القمي (رحمه الله) قال: حدثني أبي قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال، عن عاصم بن حميد الحناط، عن أبي حمزة الثمالي، عن حنش بن المعتمر قال: دخلت على أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام) وهو في الرحبة متكئا، فقلت: السلام عليك يا أمير المؤمنين ورحمة الله وبركاته، كيف أصبحت ؟
Al-Mufeed – Abu Al Qasim Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Qawlawiya Al Qummy narrated to me, ‘My father narrated to me, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Aasim Bin Hameed Al Hanaat, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly, from Hansh Bin Al Mo’tamar who said,
‘I came to Ali-asws Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and he-asws was in Al-Rahba, reclining, so I said, ‘Peace be upon you-asws, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings! How have you-asws become (are you-asws)?’
قال: فرفع رأسه ورد علي وقال: أصبحت محبا لمحبنا، صابرا على بغض من يبغضنا، إن محبنا ينتظر الروح والفرج في كل يوم وليلة، وإن مبغضنا بنى بناء فأسس بنيانه على شفا جرف هار، فكان بنيانه هار فانهار به في نار جهنم.
So he-asws raised his-asws head turning it towards me and said, ‘I-asws have become (such) that I-asws love the ones who love us-asws, being patient upon the hatred from those that hate us-asws. Those that loves us-asws are awaiting the spirit and the relief (Al-Qaim-asws) every day and night, and those that hate us-asws build such a building so that the foundation of their building is upon the verge of a hot cliff. Thus their building was hot and would (always) be collapsing with them in the Fire of Hell.
يا أبا المعتمر إن محبنا لا يستطيع أن يبغضنا، وإن مبغضنا لا يستطيع أن يحبنا. إن الله تبارك وتعالى جبل قلوب العباد على حبنا وخذل من يبغضنا،
O Abu Al-Mo’tamar! Those that love us-asws do not have the ability that they should hate us-asws, and those that hate us-asws do not have the ability that they should love us-asws. Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Moulded the hearts of the servants upon our-asws love and abandoning the one who hates us-asws.
فلن يستطيع محبنا بغضنا، ولن يستطيع مبغضنا حبنا، ولن يجتمع حبنا وحب عدونا في قلب واحد * (ما جعل الله لرجل من قلبين في جوفه) * يحب بهذا قوما، ويحب بالآخر أعدائهم.
Thus, those who loves us-asws would never have the ability to hate us-asws, and never would those who hate us-asws be able to love us-asws, and never would our-asws love and the love of our-asws enemies gather to be in one heart: Allah did not Make two hearts for a man to be inside him [33:4] to love a people with this (one heart), and with another (heart) to love their enemies’.[20]
محمد بن العباس، قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسين بن حميد بن الربيع، عن جعفر بن عبد الله المحمدي، عن كثير بن عياش، عن أبي الجارود، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، في قول الله عز و جل: ما جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ قَلْبَيْنِ فِي جَوْفِهِ.
Muhammad Bin Al Abbas said, ‘It was narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Hameed Bin Al Rabi’e, from Ja’far Bin Abdullah Al Muhammadi, from Jaseer Bin Ayyash, from Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Allah did not Make two hearts for a man to be inside him [33:4].
قال: «قال علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام): ليس عبد من عبيد الله، ممن امتحن الله قلبه للإيمان، إلا و يجد مودتنا في قلبه، فهو يودنا،
He (the narrator) said, ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws said: ‘There isn’t a servant from the servants of Allah-azwj, from the ones whose Heart Allah-azwj has Tested for the Eman, except and he will find our-asws affection in his heart. Thus, he would be affectionate towards us-asws.
و ما من عبد من عبيد الله ممن سخط الله عليه إلا و يجد بغضنا على قلبه، فهو يبغضنا،
And there is none from a servant from the servants of Allah-azwj, from the ones whom Allah-azwj is Wrathful upon, except and he will find hatred for us-asws upon his heart. Thus he would hate us-asws.
فأصبحنا نفرح بحب المحب لنا، و نغتفر له، و نبغض المبغض، و أصبح محبنا ينتظر رحمة الله جل و عز، فكأن أبواب الرحمة قد فتحت له،
So we-asws become joyful with the love for us-asws by the one who loves us-asws, and we-asws seek Forgiveness for him, and we-asws hate the hater. And the one who loves us becomes such that he awaits the Mercy of Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty. It is as if the doors of the Mercy have opened up for him.
و أصبح مبغضنا على شفا جرف هار من النار، فكأن ذلك الشفا قد انهار به في نارجهنم،
And one who hate us-asws have come to be upon the verge of a hot cliff from the Fire. It is as if that is that cliff is about to collapse with him into the Fire of Hell.
فهنيئا لأهل الرحمة رحمتهم، و تعسا لأهل النار مثواهم، إن الله عز و جل يقول: فَلَبِئْسَ مَثْوَى الْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ.
So, congratulations to the people of the Mercy, for their Mercy, and miserableness for the people of the Fire for their misery. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: and evil is the abode of the arrogant ones [16:29].
و إنه ليس عبد من عبيد الله يقصر في حبنا لخير جعله الله عنده، إذ لا يستوي من يحبنا و من يبغضنا، و لا يجتمعان في قلب رجل أبدا، إن الله لم يجعل لرجل من قلبين في جوفه، يحب بهذا، و يبغض بهذا،
And it is such that there isn’t a servant from the servants of Allah-azwj who is deficient in our-asws love, for goodness which Allah-azwj Made to be with him, when he does not equate the one who loves us-asws and one who hates us-asws, nor can the two (ever) be together in the heart of a man, ever! Allah did not Make two hearts for a man to be inside him [33:4], (that) he would love with this (heart) and he would hate with this (other heart).
أما محبنا فيخلص الحب لنا كما يخلص الذهب بالنار، لا كدر فيه، و مبغضنا على تلك المنزلة، و نحن النجباء، و أفراطنا أفراط الأنبياء، و أنا وصي الأوصياء، و الفئة الباغية من حزب الشيطان، و الشيطان منهم،
As for the one who loves us-asws, so he would be pure in the love for us-asws just as the gold is purified by the fire, there being no sludge (impurity) in it. And one who hates us-asws is (also) upon that status. And we-asws are the captains, and our-asws ways are the ways of the Prophets-as, and I-asws am a successor-asws of the successors-as, and the category of the rebels are from the party of Satan-la, and the Satan-la is from them.
فمن أراد أن يعلم حبنا فليمتحن قلبه، فإن شارك في حبنا عدونا فليس منا، و لسنا منه، و الله عدوه، و جبرئيل، و ميكائيل، و الله عدو للكافرين».
Therefore, the one who intends to know our-asws love, so let him examine his own heart, for the one who participate with our-asws love, the love for our-asws enemies, isn’t from us, and we-asws aren’t from him, and Allah-azwj is his enemy, and (so are) Jibraeel-as, and Mikaeel-as, and: Allah is an enemy of the Kafirs [2:98]’’.[21]
وقال علي (عليه السلام): «لا يجتمع حبنا و حب عدونا في جوف إنسان، إن الله عز و جل يقول: ما جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ قَلْبَيْنِ فِي جَوْفِهِ.
And Ali-asws said: ‘Love for us-asws and love for our-asws enemies cannot be together in the inside of the human being. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: Allah did not Make two hearts for a man to be inside him [33:4]’’.[22]
Love Only For Allah-azwj and Hate Only for Allah-azwj
The most valuable asset we have is the Eman (belief) and for that Imam-asws says:
‘وَ قَالَ ع الْإِيمَانُ حُبٌ وَ بُغْضٌ.’ Eman is the love and the hatred (Love of Allah-azwj and His People and hate for the enemies of Allah-azwj). See more Ahadith in Appendix II-III.
In the Hereafter we will be joined with the one we used to love, for example:
A man came up to the Prophet-saww so he said, ‘O Messenger-saww of Allah-azwj, I love the Praying ones but I do not Pray myself, and I love the Fasting ones but I do not Fast myself’. The Messenger-saww of Allah-azwj said: ‘You are with the one whom you love, but to you belongs what you have acquired’ (see the complete Hadith in Appendix IV).
However, one cannot possible love more than one entities at the same time,
وقال علي (عليه السلام): «لا يجتمع حبنا و حب عدونا في جوف إنسان، إن الله عز و جل يقول: ما جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ قَلْبَيْنِ فِي جَوْفِهِ.
And Ali-asws said: ‘Love for us-asws and love for our-asws enemies cannot be together in the inside of the human being. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: Allah did not Make two hearts for a man to be inside him [33:4]’’.[23]
حدثنا محمد بن القاسم الاسترابادي قال: حدثنا يوسف بن محمد بن زياد وعلي بن محمد بن يسار عن أبويهما عن الحسن بن على بن محمد بن موسى بن جعفر ابن محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن أبى طالب عن أبيه، عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لبعض أصحابه ذات يوم يا عبد الله احب في الله وابغض في الله ووال في الله وعاد في الله فإنه لا تنال ولاية الله إلا بذلك
Muhammad Bin Al Qasim Al Astarabady narrated to us, from Yusuf Bin Muhammad Bin Ziyad and Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Yasaar, from their two fathers,
(It has been narrated) from Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws Ibn Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said:
‘One day Rasool-Allah-saww said to one of his-saww companions: ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! Love for the Sake of Allah-azwj and hate for the Sake of Allah-azwj, and befriend for the Sake of Allah-azwj and be inimical for the Sake of Allah-azwj, for the Wilayah of Allah-azwj cannot be achieved except by that.
ولا يجد رجل طعم الايمان وان كثرت صلاته وصيامه حتى يكون كذلك وقد صارت مواخاة الناس يومكم هذا اكثرها في الدنيا، عليها يتواددون وعليها يتباغضون وذلك لا يغني عنهم من الله شيئا
And a man cannot find (taste) the food of the man (faith) even if he is frequent in his Prayers, and his Fasting, until he becomes like that. Most of the brotherhood that takes place among the people today is for the sake of the world. They are being cordial for the sake of it and being hateful for its sake, and that they would not benefit anything from Allah-azwj’.
فقال له: وكيف لي ان اعلم انى قد واليت وعاديت في الله عز وجل ومن ولى الله تعالى حتى اواليه، ومن عدوه حتى أعاديه فاشارله رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله إلى علي ” ع ” فقال أترى هذا فقال بلى فقال ولى هذا ولى الله فواله وعدو هذا عدوالله فعاده
So he said to him-saww, ‘And how can I know that I have befriended and been inimical for the Sake of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and who is a friend of Allah-azwj the High until I go and befriend him, and who is His-azwj enemy so that I can go and be inimical to him?’ So, Rasool-Allah-saww indicated towards Ali-asws and said, ‘Do you see this one-asws?’ So he said, ‘Yes’. So he-saww said: ‘A friend of his-asws is a friend of Allah-azwj, so befriend him-asws. And an enemy of his-asws is an enemy of Allah-azwj, so be inimical to him’.
ثم قال: وال ولى هذا ولو انه قاتل أبيك وولدك وعاد عدو هذا ولو انه أبوك وولدك.
Then he-saww said: ‘Befriend the friend of his-asws even though he may have killed your father and your son, and be inimical to an enemy of his-asws even though he may be your father and your son’.[24]
Love is spoilt through disobeying:
عنه: عن محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل، قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم بن هاشم، عن أبيه، عن محمد بن أبي عمير، قال: حدثني حمران، عمن سمع أبا عبد الله (عليه السلام) يقول: «ما أحب الله عز و جل من عصاه»
From him, from Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Mutawakkal who said, ‘It was narrated to us by Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr who said,
‘Humran narrated to me from the one who heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic does not Love the one who disobeys Him-azwj’.
ثم تمثل فقال: «تعصي إلا له و أنت تظهر حبه هذا محال في الفعال بديع! لو كان حبك صادقا لأطعته إن المحب لمن يحب مطيع»
Then he-asws expressed (in prose), so he-asws said: ‘You are being disobedient only to Him-azwj while you are displaying His-azwj love? This is impossible in the deed of the adoring one! If your love was sincere you would be obedient to Him-azwj. Surely, the loving one is obedient to the one he loves’.[25]
Only with Good Birth one can Love Ahl Al-Bayt-asws:
حدثنا أبى ومحمد بن الحسن رحمهما الله قالا: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن خالد قال: حدثنا أبو القاسم عبد الرحمان الكوفي وابو يوسف يعقوب بن يزيد الانباري عن أبى محمد عبد الله بن محمد الغفاري عن الحسين بن زيد عن الصادق أبى عبد الله جعفر بن محمد عن ابيه عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من أحبنا اهل البيت فليحمد الله على أول النعم قيل وما اول النعم؟ قال: طيب الولادة ولا يحبنا إلا مؤمن طابت ولادته.
My father and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan both said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Abu Al Qasim Abdul Rahman Al Kufy, and Abu Yusuf Yaqoub Bin Yazeed Al Anbary, from Abu Muhammd Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Ghafary, from Al Husayn Bin Zayd,
(It has been narrated) from Al-Sadiq Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who loves us-asws, the People-asws of the Household, so let him Praise Allah-azwj over the first Bounty’. It was said, ‘And what is the first Bounty?’ He-saww said: ‘The good birth; and there would not love us-asws (anyone) except a Believer of good birth’.[26]
حدثنا الحسين بن إبراهيم بن ناتانة رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه ابراهيم بن هاشم عن محمد بن ابى عمير عن ابى زياد الهندي عن عبيدالله بن صالح عن زيد بن علي، عن أبيه علي بن الحسين عن أبيه الحسين بن علي عن ابيه أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبى طالب عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يا علي من أحبني وأحبك وأحب الائمة من ولدك فليحمد الله على طيب مولده فانه لا يحبنا الا مؤمن طابت ولادته ولا يبغضنا إلامن خبثت ولادته.
Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Natanah narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ziyad Al Hindi, from Ubeydullah Bin Salih,
(It has been narrated) from Zayd son of Ali-asws, from his father, Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his-asws father-asws Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! The one who loves me-saww, and loves you-asws, and loves the Imams-asws from your-asws sons-asws, so let him Praise Allah-azwj over the goodness of his birth, for (no one) would love us except a Believer whose birth has been made to be good, nor would anyone hate us-asws except for the one whose birth is evil’.[27]
حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا عمي محمد بن أبى القاسم عن محمد بن علي الكوفي القرشي، عن محمد بن سنان عن المفضل بن عمر عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” أنه قال: من وجد برد حبنا على قلبه فليكثر الدعاء لامه فانها لم تخن أباه.
Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy Al Qarshy, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The one who finds the coolness of our-asws love upon his heart, so he should frequent in supplicating for his mother, for she has not betrayed his father’.[28]
حدثني محمد بن المظفر بن نفيس المصري رحمه الله قال: حدثني أبو اسحاق إبراهيم بن محمد بن احمد بن أخي سياب العطار الكوفي رضى الله عنه بالكوفة قال: حدثنا احمد بن الهذيل أبو العباس الهمداني قال: حدثنا أبو نصر الفتح بن قرة السمرقندي قال: حدثنا محمد بن خلف المروزي قال: حدثنا يوسف بن إبراهيم قال: حدثنا ابن لهيعة عن أبى الزبير، عن جابر قال: قال أبو ايوب الانصاري اعرضوا حب علي على أولادكم، فمن احبه فهو منكم، ومن لم يحبه فاسألوا امه من اين جاءت به، فإنى سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يقول لعلي بن ابى طالب: لا يحبك إلا مؤمن، ولا يبغضك إلا منافق أو ولد زنية أو حملته أمه وهى طامث.
Muhammad Bin Al Muzaffar Bin Mafeys Al Masry narrated to me, from Abu Is’haq Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Akhay Sayaab Al Ataar Al Kufy, at Al Kufa, from Ahmad Bin Al Hazeyl Abu Al Abbas Al Hamdany, from Abu nasr Al Fatah Bin Qarda Al Samarqandy, from Muhammad Bin Khalaf Al Marouzy, from Yusuf Bin Ibrahim, from IBn Lahiya, from Abu Al Zubeyr, from Jabir who said,
‘Abu Ayoub Al-Ansary said, ‘Present the love for Ali-asws to your children. So the one who loves him-asws, so he is from you, and the one who does not love him-asws, so ask his mother, from where did she bring him, from I have heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws: ‘None would love you-asws except for a Believer, and not would hate you-asws except for a hypocrite, or a son of adultery, or his mother became pregnant with him whilst she was menstruating’.[29]
Appendix I: Rights of Relatives and Others
We have many rights of others upon us, the foremost being the parents, followed by the near relatives, neighbours, friends, as others from Muslims and non-Muslims. Some Ahadith are presented below show the rights of the most beloved ones.
الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قُلْتُ أَيُّ الْأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ الصَّلَاةُ لِوَقْتِهَا وَ بِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ .
Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Washa, from Mansour Bin Hazim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘I said, ‘Which deed is the most superior?’ He-asws said: ‘The Salāt on its timing, and righteousness with the parents, and the Jihād in the Way of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[30]
عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ مِسْكِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) مَا يَمْنَعُ الرَّجُلَ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَبَرَّ وَالِدَيْهِ حَيَّيْنِ وَ مَيِّتَيْنِ يُصَلِّيَ عَنْهُمَا وَ يَتَصَدَّقَ عَنْهُمَا وَ يَحُجَّ عَنْهُمَا وَ يَصُومَ عَنْهُمَا فَيَكُونَ الَّذِي صَنَعَ لَهُمَا وَ لَهُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ فَيَزِيدَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِبِرِّهِ وَ صِلَتِهِ خَيْراً كَثِيراً .
From him, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Al Hakam Bin Miskeen, from Muhammad Bin Marwan who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘What prevents the man from you from being righteous with his parents, be they alive or dead. He can pray Salāt on their behalf, and give charity on their behalf, and perform Hajj on their behalf, and Fast on their behalf. Thus, that which he does for them both would happen to for him, the like of that, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Increase him, due to his righteousness, and his kinship, a lot of good’.[31]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُعَمَّرِ بْنِ خَلَّادٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ( عليه السلام ) أَدْعُو لِوَالِدَيَّ إِذَا كَانَا لَا يَعْرِفَانِ الْحَقَّ قَالَ ادْعُ لَهُمَا وَ تَصَدَّقْ عَنْهُمَا وَ إِنْ كَانَا حَيَّيْنِ لَا يَعْرِفَانِ الْحَقَّ فَدَارِهِمَا فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَعَثَنِي بِالرَّحْمَةِ لَا بِالْعُقُوقِ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Moammar Bin Khalid who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, ‘Should I supplicate for my parents when they do not recognise the truth (Al-Wilayah)?’ He-asws said: ‘Supplicate for them both and give charity on their behalf; and if they were alive not recognising the truth (Al-Wilayah), so circle around them (introduce to them the Al-Wilyah), for Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Sent me-saww with the Mercy, not with the ingratitude’.[32]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ عَنْبَسَةَ بْنِ مُصْعَبٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ ثَلَاثٌ لَمْ يَجْعَلِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِأَحَدٍ فِيهِنَّ رُخْصَةً أَدَاءُ الْأَمَانَةِ إِلَى الْبَرِّ وَ الْفَاجِرِ وَ الْوَفَاءُ بِالْعَهْدِ لِلْبَرِّ وَ الْفَاجِرِ وَ بِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ بَرَّيْنِ كَانَا أَوْ فَاجِرَيْنِ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, altogether from Ibn Mahboub, from Malik Bin Atiyya, from Anbasa Bin Mus’ab,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Three (matters), Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic did not Give an allowance regarding these – Paying back the entrustment to the righteous and the immoral, and the loyalty with the pact to the righteous and the immoral, and being righteous with the parents, whether they were righteous or immoral’.[33]
الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَائِذٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ سَالِمِ بْنِ مُكْرَمٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ وَ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) عَنْ بِرِّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ فَقَالَ ابْرَرْ أُمَّكَ ابْرَرْ أُمَّكَ ابْرَرْ أُمَّكَ ابْرَرْ أَبَاكَ ابْرَرْ أَبَاكَ ابْرَرْ أَبَاكَ وَ بَدَأَ بِالْأُمِّ قَبْلَ الْأَبِ .
Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, and Ali Bin Muhammad, from Salih Bin Abu Hammad, altogether from Al Washha, from Ahmad Bin Aiz, from Abu Khadeeja Salim Bin Mukarram, from Moalla Bin Khunays,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A man came over and asked the Prophet-saww about righteousness with the parents. So he-saww said: ‘Be righteous with your mother, be righteous with your mother, be righteous with your mother, be righteous with your father, be righteous with your father, be righteous with your father, and begin with the mother before the father’.[34]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ حَدِيدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ أَدْنَى الْعُقُوقِ أُفٍّ وَ لَوْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ شَيْئاً أَهْوَنَ مِنْهُ لَنَهَى عَنْهُ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Hadeed Bin Hakeym,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The least of the ingratitude is (the saying of) ‘Ugh’, and had Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Known of anything lesser than it, He-azwj would have Forbidden from it’.[35]
وَ عَنِ الْكَاظِمِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْأَرْضِ لَمَرْحُومُونَ مَا تَحَابُّوا وَ أَدَّوُا الْأَمَانَةَ وَ عَمِلُوا بِالْحَقِ.
Imam Kazim-asws said: “The residents of the planet Earth will receive divine blessings as long as they love each other, act righteously, and honour what they are entrusted with.[36]”
عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: أَتَى رَجُلٌ النَّبِيَّ فَقَالَ إِلَى مَا تَدْعُو يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَقَالَ أَدْعُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ عَلى بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنِي- وَ أَدْعُوكَ إِلَى مَنْ إِنْ أَصَابَكَ ضُرٌّ فَدَعَوْتَهُ كَشَفَهُ عَنْكَ وَ إِنِ اسْتَعَنْتَ بِهِ وَ أَنْتَ مَقْهُورٌ أَعَانَكَ وَ إِنْ سَأَلْتَهُ وَ أَنْتَ مُقِلٌّ أَغْنَاكَ وَ إِنْ ضَلَلْتَ فِي فَلَاةِ الْأَرْضِ أَرْشَدَكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَوْصِنِي يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَقَالَ لَا تَغْضَبْ قَالَ زِدْنِي قَالَ ارْضَ مِنَ النَّاسِ بِمَا تَرْضَى لَهُمْ مِنْ نَفْسِكَ قَالَ زِدْنِي قَالَ لَا تَسُبَّ النَّاسَ فَتَكْتَسِبَ الْعَدَاوَةَ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ زِدْنِي قَالَ لَا تَزْهَدْ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ قَالَ زِدْنِي قَالَ تَحَبَّبْ إِلَى النَّاسِ يُحِبُّوكَ وَ إِنِ اسْتَسْقَى أَخُوكَ مِنْ دَلْوِكَ فَصُبَّ لَهُ وَ الْقَ أَخَاكَ بِوَجْهٍ مُنْبَسِطٍ إِلَيْهِ وَ لَا تَضْجَرْ فَيَمْنَعَكَ الضَّجَرُ مِنْ حَظِّكَ لِلْآخِرَةِ وَ الدُّنْيَا وَ ابرز [اتَّزِرْ] إِلَى نِصْفِ السَّاقِ وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ إِسْبَالَ الأزرار [الْإِزَارِ] فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْخُيَلَاءِ وَ اللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الْخُيَلَاءَ.
Abu Basir narrated that Imam Baqir-asws said: “A man went to see the Rasool Allah-saww and said: O’ Muhammad! What do you invite the people to?” Rasool Allah-saww said: “My-saww followers and I-saww knowingly invite the people to Allah-azwj. I-saww invite you to One-azwj who will Remove your difficulties from you when you call Him-azwj during times of hardship, or sorrow; One-azwj who will Provide for your needs when you get poor, and will Guide you safely out of the desert should you get lost there.”
The man said: O’ Muhammad-saww! Please give me some advice.” The Rasool Allahsaw said: “Do not get angry.” He asked for more advice. Rasool Allah-saww said: “Like for others what you like for yourself.” He asked for more advice. Rasool Allah-saww said: “Do not swear at people, since then they will become your enemies.”
He asked for more advice. Rasool Allah-saww said: “Do not abandon doing good deeds for those who need you.” He asked for more advice. Rasool Allah-saww said: “Love the people so that they love you.
Serve some water for your brethren to drink. Treat them with kindness and good temper. Do not be impatient since then you will lose this world and the Hereafter. Put on proper trousers and do not unbutton your shirts since this is a form of haughtiness, and Allah-azwj does not Like a haughty person.”[37]
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِلْمُؤْمِنِ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ سَبْعَةُ حُقُوقٍ وَاجِبَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى الْإِجْلَالُ لَهُ فِي عَيْنِهِ وَ الْوُدُّ لَهُ فِي صَدْرِهِ- وَ الْمُوَاسَاةُ لَهُ فِي مَالِهِ وَ أَنْ يُحَرِّمَ غِيبَتَهُ وَ أَنْ يَعُودَهُ فِي مَرَضِهِ وَ أَنْ يُشَيِّعَ جَنَازَتَهُ وَ أَنْ لَا يَقُولَ فِيهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ إِلَّا خَيْراً.
Rasool Allah-saww said: “Allah-azwj has Made seven rights for each believer incumbent upon any other believer: “(1) He must honour him in his view. (2) He must love him wholeheartedly. (3) He must help him. (4) He should consider gossiping behind him to be Divinely forbidden. (5) He should visit him when he gets ill. (6) He should attend and escort his funeral procession. (7) He should only speak good of him after his death.”[38]
Appendix II: Additional Ahadith on the ‘Love and Hatred’
وَ قَالَ ع الْإِيمَانُ حُبٌ وَ بُغْضٌ.
Imam-asws says: ‘Eman’ (is not anything other than) the ‘Love’ and Hatred (the love of Ahl Al-Bayt-asws and hatred against their-asws enemies-la)?[39]
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) حُبُّنَا إِيمَانٌ وَ بُغْضُنَا كُفْرٌ .
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Love for us-asws is the Eman and hatred for us-asws is the disbelief’.[40]
عَلِيٌّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَفْضَلِ مَا يَتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ الْعِبَادُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ أَفْضَلُ مَا يَتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ الْعِبَادُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ طَاعَةُ اللَّهِ وَ طَاعَةُ رَسُولِهِ وَ طَاعَةُ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع حُبُّنَا إِيمَانٌ وَ بُغْضُنَا كُفْرٌ.
Ali has narrated from Mohammed ibn Isa, who from Yunus, who from Mohammed ibn Fudayl, who says:
Once I asked him-asws (the Imam): What is the best thing that can take people closer to Allah-azwj? The Imam-asws replied: Of the matters that can take people closer to Allah-azwj, the best one is to obey Him-azwj, His Rasool-saww and the ‘Aulul Amr-asws’ (those who are Appointed by Allah-azwj as Guardians-asws). Imam Abu Jafar-asws has said: To love us-asws is the Eman and to harbour hatred toward us-asws is ‘Kufr’ (disbelief).[41]
وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ( عليهما السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) إِنَّ لِلْقُلُوبِ إِقْبَالًا وَ إِدْبَاراً فَإِذَا أَقْبَلَتْ فَتَنَفَّلُوا وَ إِذَا أَدْبَرَتْ فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ .
And from him, from Ali Bin Ma’bad, or someone else,
(It has been narrated) from one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘’Hearts work with interest or with hatred. When they are interested, perform recommended Salat but when they have abhorrence then hold to obligatory Salat (Salāts)’.[42]
عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) مَا كَادَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ( عليه السلام ) يَأْتِينِي إِلَّا قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ اتَّقِ شَحْنَاءَ الرِّجَالِ وَ عَدَاوَتَهُمْ .
Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Al Hassan Bin Atiyya, from Umar Bin Yazeed,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Almost every time Jibraeel-as came to me, said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Fear the hatred of the men and their animosity’.[43]
قَالَ وَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) يَقُولُ حُبُّ الْأَبْرَارِ لِلْأَبْرَارِ ثَوَابٌ لِلْأَبْرَارِ وَ حُبُّ الْفُجَّارِ لِلْأَبْرَارِ فَضِيلَةٌ لِلْأَبْرَارِ وَ بُغْضُ الْفُجَّارِ لِلْأَبْرَارِ زَيْنٌ لِلْأَبْرَارِ وَ بُغْضُ الْأَبْرَارِ لِلْفُجَّارِ خِزْيٌ عَلَى الْفُجَّارِ .
He (the above narrator) said, ‘And I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The love of the righteous for the righteous is a Reward for the righteous, and the love of the immoral for the righteous, is a merit for the righteous one, and hatred of the immoral for the righteous one is an adornment for the righteous one, and hatred of the righteous for the immoral is a disgrace upon the immoral one’.[44]
Appendix III: The One who wont Love Ahl Al-Bayt-asws but Despise them-asws
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَّانُ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُوسَى رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالا حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا الْقَطَّانُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَكْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا تَمِيمُ بْنُ بُهْلُولٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ الضَّرِيرُ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ بَكْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ وَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نَاطَوَيْهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُؤْمِنِ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ الْكُوفِيُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الزَّنْجِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع قَالَ بَكْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ وَ حَدَّثَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالُوا كُلُّهُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ وَ قَالَ تَمِيمٌ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ صِنْفاً مِنْ أُمَّةِ جَدِّي ص لَا يُحِبُّونَنَا وَ لَا يُحَبِّبُونَنَا إِلَى النَّاسِ وَ يُبْغِضُونَنَا وَ لَا يَتَوَلَّوْنَنَا وَ يَخْذُلُونَنَا وَ يَخْذُلُونَ النَّاسَ عَنَّا فَهُمْ أَعْدَاؤُنَا حَقّاً لَهُمْ نَارُ جَهَنَّمَ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابُ الْحَرِيقِ قَالَ قُلْتُ بَيِّنْهُمْ لِي يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَقَاكَ اللَّهُ شَرَّهُمْ قَالَ الزَّائِدُ فِي خَلْقِهِ فَلَا تَرَى أَحَداً مِنَ النَّاسِ فِي خَلْقِهِ زِيَادَةٌ إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ لَنَا مُنَاصِباً وَ لَمْ تَجِدْهُ لَنَا مُوَالِياً وَ النَّاقِصُ الْخَلْقِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَرَى لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلْقاً نَاقِصَةَ الْخِلْقَةِ إِلَّا وَجَدْتَ فِي قَلْبِهِ عَلَيْنَا غِلًّا وَ الْأَعْوَرُ بِالْيَمِينِ لِلْوِلَادَةِ فَلَا تَرَى لِلَّهِ خَلْقاً وُلِدَ أَعْوَرَ الْيَمِينِ إِلَّا كَانَ لَنَا مُحَارِباً وَ لِأَعْدَائِنَا مُسَالِماً وَ الْغِرْبِيبُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَرَى لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلْقاً غِرْبِيباً وَ هُوَ الَّذِي قَدْ طَالَ عُمُرُهُ فَلَمْ يَبْيَضَّ شَعْرُهُ وَ تَرَى لِحْيَتَهُ مِثْلَ حَنَكِ الْغُرَابِ إِلَّا كَانَ عَلَيْنَا مُؤَلِّباً وَ لِأَعْدَائِنَا مُكَاثِراً وَ الْحُلْكُوكُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَرَى
مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً إِلَّا كَانَ لَنَا شَتَّاماً وَ لِأَعْدَائِنَا مَدَّاحاً وَ الْأَقْرَعُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَرَى رَجُلًا بِهِ قَرَعٌ إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ هَمَّازاً لَمَّازاً مَشَّاءً بِالنَّمِيمَةِ عَلَيْنَا وَ الْمُفَصَّصُ بِالْخُضْرَةِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَرَى مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً وَ هُمْ كَثِيرُونَ إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ يَلْقَانَا بِوَجْهٍ وَ يَسْتَدْبِرُنَا بِآخَرَ يَبْتَغِي لَنَا الْغَوَائِلَ وَ الْمَنْبُوذُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَلْقَى مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ لَنَا عَدُوّاً مُضِلًّا مُبِيناً وَ الْأَبْرَصُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَلْقَى مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ يَرْصُدُ لَنَا الْمَرَاصِدَ وَ يَقْعُدُ لَنَا وَ لِشِيعَتِنَا مَقْعَداً لِيُضِلَّنَا بِزَعْمِهِ عَنْ سَوَاءِ السَّبِيلِ وَ الْمَجْذُومُ وَ هُمْ حَصَبُ جَهَنَّمَ هُمْ لَهَا وَارِدُونَ وَ الْمَنْكُوحُ فَلَا تَرَى مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ يَتَغَنَّى بِهِجَائِنَا وَ يُؤَلِّبُ عَلَيْنَا وَ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةٍ تُدْعَى سِجِسْتَانَ هُمْ لَنَا أَهْلُ عَدَاوَةٍ وَ نَصْبٍ وَ هُمْ شَرُّ الْخَلْقِ وَ الْخَلِيقَةِ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ مَا عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ هَامَانَ وَ قَارُونَ وَ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةٍ تُدْعَى الرَّيَّ هُمْ أَعْدَاءُ اللَّهِ وَ أَعْدَاءُ رَسُولِهِ وَ أَعْدَاءُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ يَرَوْنَ حَرْبَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص جِهَاداً وَ مَالَهُمْ مَغْنَماً فَلَهُمْ عَذَابُ الْخِزْيِ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ مُقِيمٌ وَ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةٍ تُدْعَى الْمَوْصِلَ هُمْ شَرُّ مَنْ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ وَ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةٍ تُسَمَّى الزَّوْرَاءَ تُبْنَى فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ يَسْتَشْفُونَ بِدِمَائِنَا وَ يَتَقَرَّبُونَ بِبُغْضِنَا يُوَالُونَ فِي عَدَاوَتِنَا وَ يَرَوْنَ حَرْبَنَا فَرْضاً وَ قِتَالَنَا حَتْماً يَا بُنَيَّ فَاحْذَرْ هَؤُلَاءِ ثُمَّ احْذَرْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَخْلُو اثْنَانِ مِنْهُمْ بِأَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ إِلَّا هَمُّوا بِقَتْلِهِ.
Hadith from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan al-Qat’tan and Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Musa – may Allah be pleased with them – who narrated that Ahmad ibn Yahya ibn Zakaria al-Qat’tan quoted Abu Bakr – Bakr ibn Abdullah ibn Habib, on the authority of Tamim ibn Buhlool, on the authority of Abu Muawiyah al-Zarir, on the authority of Al-A’amash, who has narrated from Jafar-asws Ibn Mohammed-asws, (also) Bakr Ibn Abd Allah Ibn Habib said, and Abd Allah Ibn Mohammed Ibn Batuyah has narrated from me thatthat Ali Abin Abd al-Momin Zayoufrani Kufi has narrated to us and has said Muslim Ibn Khalid Zanji has narrated to us that Jafar-asws Ibn Mohammed-asws (Imam Jafar-asws) has narrated from his father has narrated to us. And Bakr Ibn Abd Allah Ibn Habib has said Hassan Ibn Sanan has narrated to me, who has narrated from his father who from Mohammed Ibn Khalid Baraqi, who from Muslim Ibn Khalid who has narrated from Jafar-asws Ibn Mohammed-asws, they have all said 13 but Tameen says 16 groups of people from the national of my Grandfather (Prophet Mohammed-saww) are the ones who neither love us-asws, nor will they invite others to our-asws love but rather they hold grudges against us-asws, they do not befriend us-asws, they do not only move away from us-asws but also influence others to remain away from us-asws. Thus, they are our-asws real enemies, and for them is the Fire of Hell and grievous torment.
(The narrator says) I asked the Imam-asws to inform me in detail about them, May Allah-azwj Protect you-asws from them. The Imam-asws said:
- The one who has an additional limb by birth, therefore you will not find anyone from the people who has an additional limb but he will be our-asws enemy and you will never find our-asws love in his heart.
- The one who is deficient in limbs, you will not find anyone among people who is deficient in limbs but he will hold animosity against us-asws.
- The one who is deficient in right eye by birth, you will not find anyone whom Allah-azwj has Created to be blind but that he fights against us-asws and will be in harmony with our enemies.
- The one who would not go ‘grey’ even in advance age, therefore you will not find anyone who would have black hair and his beard will be black the like of the upper part of the beak of crow, but he will be calling people against us-asws and will end-up joining our-asws
- The one who is of extremely dark complexion, you will not find anyone with very dark colour but he will be abusing us-asws and praising our-asws
- The one without hair (Bald), you will not find any bald man but that he slanders, defames, and make our-asws saying to be ambiguous and attributing falsehood to us-asws.
- The ones who are greenish. Although they are many, (there is) not one of such men but that he greets us-asws in our presence but defames us-asws in our absence (i.e. two-faced), seeking to betray us-asws.
- The illegitimate one, you will not find anyone who will be son of adultery but will be our-asws enemy and hold animosity against us-asws.
- The one with vitiligo, therefore you will not find anyone affected with vitiligo but he will be inclined to harm us-asws and to misguide our-asws
- The one infected with ‘الْمَجْذُومُ’ (i.e., leper – highly contagious disease), these are the people of Fire and that’s where they will enter.
- The short ones, you will not find a short one but he will be mocking us-asws and will be assembling people against us-asws.
- The people of a town called Sejestan. They are our-asws enemies and adversaries. They are verily the wickedest of all people and creatures. May the chastisement that is decided for Pharaoh, Haman, and Qaron be decided for them.
- The people of a city called ‘Ray’ (Tehran/Qum in Iran). They are the enemies of Allah-azwj, His Messenger-saww, and the Messenger-saww’s Household. They consider waging war against the Prophet-saww’s Household as holy war and they consider their properties to be spoils of war. May the chastisement of disgrace inflict them in this world and in the Hereafter and may endless torture be inflicted upon them.
- The people of a city called Mosul (Iraq). They are the most vicious inhabitants of this earth.
- The people of a city called al-Zawra, which will be built in the future. They quench their thirst with our-asws blood and flatter the rulers by means of showing hatred against us-asws. They show loyalty to our-asws enemies, consider fighting against us-asws as an obligatory duty, and consider waging war against us-asws as inevitable necessity.
O son, beware of these peoples. Beware of them! Not two of them meet with one of us-asws, but they definitely intend to kill him.[45]
The Love of Ahl Al-Bayt-asws Removes the Uncleanliness of lineage:
[ في كتاب الاختصاص ] حدثني أبو عبد الله محمد بن أحمد الكوفي الخزاز قال: حدثني أحمد بن محمد بن سعيد الكوفي، عن ابن فضال، عن إسماعيل بن مهران، عن أبي مسروق النهدي، عن مالك بن عطية، عن أبي حمزة، قال: دخل سعد بن عبد الملك وكان أبو جعفر (عليه السلام) يسميه سعد الخير وهو من ولد عبد العزيز بن مروان على أبي جعفر (عليه السلام) فبينا ينشج كما تنشج النساء قال: فقال له أبو جعفر (عليه السلام): ما يبكيك يا سعد ؟ قال وكيف لا أبكي وأنا من الشجرة الملعونة في القرآن، فقال له: لست منهم أنت اموي منا أهل البيت أما سمعت قول الله عزوجل يحكي عن إبراهيم: * (فمن تبعني فإنه منى) *.
In the book Al Ikhtisaas – ‘Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Kufy Al Khazaz narrated to me, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from Ibn Fazal, from Ismail Bin Mahran, from Abu Masrouq Al Nahdy, from Malik Bin Atiya, from Abu Hamza who said,
‘Sa’ad Bin Abdul Mallik came, – and Abu Ja’far-asws had named him as ‘Sa’ad Al-Khayr’ (Sa’ad the good), and he was from the sons of Abdul Aziz Bin Marwan – at the door of Abu Ja’far-asws, so he started crying like the crying of women. So Abu Ja’far-asws said to him: ‘What makes you to cry, O Sa’ad?’ He said, ‘And why should I not cry, and I am from the Accursed Tree (of evil lineage) (Mentioned) in the Quran?’ So the Imam-asws said to him: ‘You are not from them. You are an Umayyid but from us-asws the People-asws of the Household. Have you not heard the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Relating about Ibrahim-as [14:36] so the one who follows me, he is from me?’[46]
Appendix IV: ‘Love accompanied by Actions’ is the key for the higher status
From him, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazzal, from Ali Bin Uqba and Tha’alba Bin Maymoun and Ghalib Bin Usman and Haroun Bin Muslim, from Bureyd Bin Muawiya who said:
‘I was in the presence of Abu Ja’far-asws in his-asws tent at Mina. He-asws looked at the feet of Ziyad which had turned black, so he-asws pitied it saying: ‘What is the matter with your feet that they are like this?’ He said, ‘I came upon a weak ride and so had to walk most of the way’. He-asws lamented to him and Ziyad said to him-asws during that, ‘I was in (so much) pain due to my sins to the extent that I thought that I would be destroyed. I (then) remembered my love for you-asws which gave me hope for salvation and it brightened my situation’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) وَ هَلِ الدِّينُ إِلَّا الْحُبُّ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى حَبَّبَ إِلَيْكُمُ الْإِيمانَ وَ زَيَّنَهُ فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ وَ قَالَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللَّهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحْبِبْكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ قَالَ يُحِبُّونَ مَنْ هاجَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ إِنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أُحِبُّ الْمُصَلِّينَ وَ لَا أُصَلِّي وَ أُحِبُّ الصَّوَّامِينَ وَ لَا أَصُومُ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَنْتَ مَعَ مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ وَ لَكَ مَا اكْتَسَبْتَ وَ قَالَ مَا تَبْغُونَ وَ مَا تُرِيدُونَ أَمَا إِنَّهَا لَوْ كَانَ فَزْعَةٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَزِعَ كُلُّ قَوْمٍ إِلَى مَأْمَنِهِمْ وَ فَزِعْنَا إِلَى نَبِيِّنَا وَ فَزِعْتُمْ إِلَيْنَا .
So Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘And is the Religion anything except for the love? Allah-azwj the High has Said: “[49:7] But Allah has endeared the Faith to you, and has made it beautiful in your hearts”, and Said: “[3:31] Say: If you love Allah, then follow me, Allah will love you”, and Said: “[59:9] love those who have fled to them”. A man came up to the Prophet-saww so he said, ‘O Messenger-saww of Allah-azwj, I love the Praying ones but I do not Pray myself, and I love the Fasting ones but I do not Fast myself’. The Messenger-saww of Allah-azwj said: ‘You are with the one whom you love, but to you belongs what you have acquired’. And he-asws said: ‘What you are seeking and what you want, but it is if there is a scare from the sky, every people would seek protection in its safe place, and we-asws will seek safety with our Prophet-saww, and you will be seeking safety with us-asws’.[47]
Appendix V: The Love and Arranged Marriages?
Men:
حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ الْخَثْعَمِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً وَ إِنَّ أَبَوَيَّ أَرَادَا غَيْرَهَا قَالَ تَزَوَّجِ الَّتِي هَوِيتَ وَ دَعِ الَّتِي يَهْوَى أَبَوَاكَ .
Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Sama’at, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Rabaat, from Habeeb Al Khash’amy, from Ibn Abu Yafour,
Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘I want to marry a woman, but my parents want (me to marry with) someone else’. He-asws said: ‘Marry the one who (you) desire and leave the one whom your parent’s desire’.[48]
Women:
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فِي رَجُلٍ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَ أُخْتَهُ قَالَ يُؤَامِرُهَا فَإِنْ سَكَتَتْ فَهُوَ إِقْرَارُهَا وَ إِنْ أَبَتْ لَمْ يُزَوِّجْهَا وَ إِنْ قَالَتْ زَوِّجْنِي فُلَاناً فَلْيُزَوِّجْهَا مِمَّنْ تَرْضَى وَ الْيَتِيمَةُ فِي حِجْرِ الرَّجُلِ لَا يُزَوِّجْهَا إِلَّا بِرِضَاهَا .
A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Dawood Bin Sirham,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding a man who wants to get his sister married off. He-asws said: ‘He can permit it, so if she remains silent, so it is her agreement, but if she refuses, he cannot get her married; and if she says, ‘Get me married to so and so’, so let him get married to the one she is pleased with; and (as for) the orphan who is in the care of the man, he cannot get her married off except by her consent’.[49]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فِي الْجَارِيَةِ يُزَوِّجُهَا أَبُوهَا بِغَيْرِ رِضًا مِنْهَا قَالَ لَيْسَ لَهَا مَعَ أَبِيهَا أَمْرٌ إِذَا أَنْكَحَهَا جَازَ نِكَاحُهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ كَارِهَةً
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman, from Al Halby,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the girl getting married off by her father without her consent. He-asws said: ‘There is no command with her with her father. If he was to get her married off, the marriage would be allowed, even if she dislikes it’.
قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَ أُخْتَهُ قَالَ يُؤَامِرُهَا فَإِنْ سَكَتَتْ فَهُوَ إِقْرَارُهَا وَ إِنْ أَبَتْ لَمْ يُزَوِّجْهَا .
He (the narrator) said, ‘And he-asws was asked about a man who wanted to get his sister married off. He-asws said: ‘He can permit her, and if she remains silent, so it is her agreement, but if she refuses, he cannot get her married’.[50]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ زَوِّجُوا الْأَحْمَقَ وَ لَا تُزَوِّجُوا الْحَمْقَاءَ فَإِنَّ الْأَحْمَقَ يَنْجُبُ وَ الْحَمْقَاءَ لَا تَنْجُبُ
A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from his father from those who narrated to him who has said:
‘Abu ‘Abd Allah-asws has said, ‘You can give in marriage to a dim-witted man but do not many a dim-witted woman; a dim-witted man can have children (healthy ones) but a dim-witted woman cannot.[51] ‘,*
For Wining the Hearts and Getting Married:
و من (خواص القرآن): عن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله)، أنه قال: «من قرأ هذه السورة اعطي يوم القيامة مثل ثواب المهاجرين و الأنصار، و من كتبها و جعلها في خرقة حرير خضراء، و قصد إلى قوم يريد التزويج، لم يرد و قضيت حاجته، و إن مشى بين عسكرين يقتتلان افترقوا و لم يقاتل أحد منهم الآخر، و إن دخل على سلطان كفاه الله شره، و قضى له جميع حوائجه، و كان عنده جليل القدر».
And from Khawas Al Quran –
‘It has been reported from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘The one who recites this Chapter (20) would be Given the Rewards similar to the Rewards of the Emigrants and the Helpers. And the one who writes it and makes it to be in a green silk cloth, and go to a group, intending the marriage, would not be repulsed and his need would be fulfilled. And if he walks in between two soldiers fighting each other, they would be separated and one of them would not fight the other. And if he enters upon an authority, Allah-azwj would Restrain the evil from him, and Fulfil all of his needs, and would be majestic and worthy in his presence’.[52]
و عن الصادق (عليه السلام)، قال: «من كتبها و جعلها في خرقة حرير خضراء، و راح إلى قوم يريد التزويج منهم، تم له ذلك و وقع، و إن قصد في إصلاح قوم تم له ذلك، و لم يخالفه أحد منهم، و إن مشى بين عسكرين افترقا و لم يقاتل بعضهم بعضا، و إذا شرب ماءها المظلوم من السلطان، و دخل على من ظلمه من أي السلاطين، زال عنه ظلمه بقدرة الله تعالى، و خرج من عنده مسرورا، و إذا اغتسلت بمائها من لا طالب لعرسها خطبت، و سهل عرسها بإذن الله تعالى».
And from Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The one who writes it (Chapter 20) in a green silk cloth, and goes to a group, intending the marriage from them, that would be completed for him and would occur. And if he intends reconciliation among a people, that would be completed for him, and no one from among them would oppose him. And if he were to walk in between two soldiers, they would separate and would not fight against each other. And if its water is drunk by the one oppressed from the king, and he comes up to the one who oppressed him from whichever king, his oppression would decline from him by the Power of Allah-azwj the High, and he would come out from him joyful. And when she (a woman) who is not sought for her marriage washes with its water, her marriage would be easier by the Permission of Allah-azwj’.[53]
Appendix VI: The Love for the World is the head of Sins!
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ بْنِ أَبِي مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) وَ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ رَأْسُ كُلِّ خَطِيئَةٍ حُبُّ الدُّنْيَا .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Dorost Bin Abu Mansour, from a man,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws and Hisham, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The head (the root) of all sins is love of the world’.[54]
عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاسَانِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ عَنْ مَعْمَرِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ سُئِلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ( عليه السلام ) أَيُّ الْأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَالَ مَا مِنْ عَمَلٍ بَعْدَ مَعْرِفَةِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ وَ مَعْرِفَةِ رَسُولِهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) أَفْضَلَ مِنْ بُغْضِ الدُّنْيَا وَ إِنَّ لِذَلِكَ لَشُعَباً كَثِيرَةً وَ لِلْمَعَاصِي شُعَباً
Ali, from his father, from Ali Bin Muhammad Al Qasany, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Suleyman Bin Dawood Al Minqary, from Abdul Razzaq Bin Hammam, from Moamar Bin Rashid, from Al Zuhry Muhammad Bin Muslim Bin Shihad who said,
‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws was asked, ‘Which of the deeds is superior in the Presence of Allah-azwj Might and Majestic?’ So he-asws said: ‘There is none from the deeds, after the recognition of Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty, and recognition of His-azwj Rasool-saww more superior than hatred of the world, and in that are a lot of branches, and the disobedience also has branches (as well)’.
فَأَوَّلُ مَا عُصِيَ اللَّهُ بِهِ الْكِبْرُ وَ هِيَ مَعْصِيَةُ إِبْلِيسَ حِينَ أَبَى وَ اسْتَكْبَرَ وَ كَانَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ
So the first of what Allah-azwj was disobeyed with was the arrogance, and it is the disobedience of Iblees-la when he-la refused, and was arrogant, and he-la was from the disbelievers.
وَ الْحِرْصُ وَ هِيَ مَعْصِيَةُ آدَمَ وَ حَوَّاءَ حِينَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُمَا فَكُلا مِنْ حَيْثُ شِئْتُما وَ لا تَقْرَبا هذِهِ الشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونا مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ فَأَخَذَا مَا لَا حَاجَةَ بِهِمَا إِلَيْهِ فَدَخَلَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى ذُرِّيَّتِهِمَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ أَكْثَرَ مَا يَطْلُبُ ابْنُ آدَمَ مَا لَا حَاجَةَ بِهِ إِلَيْهِ
And greed, it is the disobedience of Adam-as and Hawwa-as when Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said for them-as [2:35] and eat from it a plenteous (food) wherever you two wish to and do not approach this tree, for then you will become from the unjust. So they-as took what there was no need with them to it. Thus, that entered upon their-as offspring up to the Day of Judgement, and that is the most of what the son of Adam-as sees is what he does not have a need for it.
ثُمَّ الْحَسَدُ وَ هِيَ مَعْصِيَةُ ابْنِ آدَمَ حَيْثُ حَسَدَ أَخَاهُ فَقَتَلَهُ فَتَشَعَّبَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ حُبُّ النِّسَاءِ وَ حُبُّ الدُّنْيَا وَ حُبُّ الرِّئَاسَةِ وَ حُبُّ الرَّاحَةِ وَ حُبُّ الْكَلَامِ وَ حُبُّ الْعُلُوِّ وَ الثَّرْوَةِ فَصِرْنَ سَبْعَ خِصَالٍ فَاجْتَمَعْنَ كُلُّهُنَّ فِي حُبِّ الدُّنْيَا فَقَالَ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ وَ الْعُلَمَاءُ بَعْدَ مَعْرِفَةِ ذَلِكَ حُبُّ الدُّنْيَا رَأْسُ كُلِّ خَطِيئَةٍ وَ الدُّنْيَا دُنْيَاءَانِ دُنْيَا بَلَاغٍ وَ دُنْيَا مَلْعُونَةٍ .
Then the envy, and it is a disobedience of the son-la of Adam-as where he envied his-la brother-as, so he-la killed him-as. Thus, from that branched out the love of the women, and the love of the world, and love of the government, and love of the relaxation, and love of the speech, and love of the exaltedness and the wealth. So these came to be seven characteristics, being gathered in the love for the world. Therefore, the Prophets-as, and the knowledgeable ones-asws said after recognising that: ‘The love for the world is the head of the sins’. And the world is two (types of) world – the world of the bare necessities and the condemned world ’.[55]
[1] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 118 H 1
[2] مشكاة الأنوار في غرر الأخبار، النص، ص: 84, H. 396
[3] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 119 H 1
[4] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 69 H 4
[5] Prophetsas and Imamsasws
[6] Nahjul Balagha, sayings of Amir-ul-Momineenasws, no. 20
[7] See Hadith below
[8] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 182 H 6
[9] Al-Kafi, Vol. 8, H. 14514
[10] مشكاة الأنوار في غرر الأخبار، النص، ص: 120, H, 603
[11] مشكاة الأنوار في غرر الأخبار، النص، ص: 227, H, 1339
[12] مشكاة الأنوار في غرر الأخبار، النص، ص: 249, H1477
[13] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 117 H 1
[14] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 117 H 3
[15] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 114 H 1
[16] مشكاة الأنوار في غرر الأخبار، النص، ص: 332, H, 1934
[17] Al-Kafi, Vol. 8, H. 14551
[18] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 115 H 3
[19] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 140 H 3
[20] Tafseer Abu Hamza Al Sumaly – Hadeeth No. 231
[21] تأويل الآيات 2: 446/ 1
[22] تأويل الآيات 2: 2: 447/ 2.
[23] تأويل الآيات 2: 2: 447/ 2.
[24] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 119 H 1
[25] أمالي الصدوق: 396/ 3.
[26] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 1
[27] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 3
[28] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 5
[29] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 12
[30] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 69 H 4
[31] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 69 H 7
[32] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 69 H 8
[33] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 69 H 15
[34] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 69 H 17
[35] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 143 H 1
[36] مشكاة الأنوار في غرر الأخبار، النص، ص: 52, H, 248
[37] مشكاة الأنوار في غرر الأخبار، النص، ص: 75, H, 351
[38] مشكاة الأنوار في غرر الأخبار، النص، ص: 77, H, 358
[39] تحف العقول، النص، ص: 295
[40] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 8 H 12
[41] الكافي (ط – الإسلامية)، ج1، ص: 187, H. 12
[42] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book Of Salāt CH 85 H 16
[43] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 120 H 5
[44] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Social Relationships CH 4 H 6
[45]الخصال، ج2، ص: 506 , Hadith 4
[46] Hadeeth No. 168
[47] Al-Kafi, Vol. 8, H. 14483
[48] Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Marriage Ch 64 H 1
[49] Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Marriage Ch 56 H 3
[50] Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Marriage Ch 56 H 4
[51] الكافي ج : 5 ص : 354,
[52] خواصّ القرآن: 4 «قطعة منه».
[53] خواصّ القرآن: 4: «قطعة منه».
[54] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 126 H 1
[55] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 61 H 11