Rasool Allah-saww, adopted Zayd, he was a devout Muslim and met martyrdom, see some Ahadith below,
تفسير الإمام عليه السلام قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَقَدْ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جَيْشاً ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِلَى قَوْمٍ مِنْ أَشِدَّاءِ الْكُفَّارِ فَأَبْطَأَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَبَرُهُمْ وَ تَعَلَّقَ قَلْبُهُ بِهِمْ وَ قَالَ لَيْتَ لَنَا مَنْ يَتَعَرَّفُ أَخْبَارَهُمْ وَ يَأْتِينَا بِأَنْبَائِهِمْ
Tafseer of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari)-asws – ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘One day Rasool-Allah-saww sent an army to a people from the hardened Kafirs, and their news had been delayed to him and his-saww heart was concerned about them, so he-saww said: ‘If only there was someone for us who could relate their news and come to us with their information’.
بَيْنَا هُوَ قَائِلٌ إِذْ جَاءَهُ الْبَشِيرُ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَدْ ظَفِرُوا بِأَعْدَائِهِمْ وَ اسْتَوْلَوْا وَ صَيَّرُوهُمْ بَيْنَ قَتِيلٍ وَ جَرِيحٍ وَ أَسِيرٍ وَ انْتَهَبُوا أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَ سَبَوْا ذَرَارِيَّهُمْ وَ عِيَالَهُمْ
While he-saww was saying this, when the good news came that they had been victorious against their enemies and had sized them, and that they had become between the killed, and the injured, and captives, and their wealth had been seized and their offspring and their dependants had been made captives.
فَلَمَّا قَرُبَ الْقَوْمُ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِأَصْحَابِهِ يَتَلَقَّاهُمْ فَلَمَّا لَقِيَهُمْ وَ رَئِيسُهُمْ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ وَ كَانَ قَدْ أَمَّرَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَلَمَّا رَأَى زَيْدٌ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص نَزَلَ عَنْ نَاقَتِهِ وَ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَبَّلَ رِجْلَهُ ثُمَّ قَبَّلَ يَدَهُ فَأَخَذَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَبَّلَ رَأْسَهُ
So, when the group (army) was near to Al-Medina, Rasool-Allah-saww went out to them along with his-saww companions to meet them. When he-saww did meet them, and their leader was Zayd Bin Harisa, and he-saww had made him the leader upon them, and when Zayd saw Rasool-Allah-saww, he descended from his she-camel and came over to Rasool-Allah-saww and kissed his-saww feet, then kissed his-saww hand. So Rasool-Allah-saww grabbed him and kissed his head.
ثُمَّ نَزَلَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فَقَبَّلَ رِجْلَهُ وَ يَدَهُ وَ ضَمَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَيْهِ
Then Abdullah Bin Rawaha descended unto Rasool-Allah-saww and kissed his-saww hand and his-saww left, and Rasool-Allah-saww embraced him to himself-saww.
ثُمَّ نَزَلَ إِلَيْهِ سَائِرُ الْجَيْشِ وَ وَقَفُوا يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ وَ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ خَيْراً ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ حَدِّثُونِي خَبَرَكُمْ وَ حَالَكُمْ مَعَ أَعْدَائِكُمْ
Then the rest of the army descended and they paused greeting upon him-saww, and Rasool-Allah-saww responded goodly to them, then said to them: ‘Narrated to me your news, and you state with your enemies’.
وَ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ مِنْ أُسَرَاءِ الْقَوْمِ وَ ذَرَارِيِّهِمْ وَ عِيَالاتِهِمْ وَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَ الْفِضَّةِ وَ صُنُوفِ الْأَمْتِعَةِ شَيْءٌ عَظِيمٌ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ عَلِمْتَ كَيْفَ حَالُنَا لَعَظُمَ تَعَجُّبُكَ
And there were with them from the captives of the people, and their offspring, and the dependants, and their wealth – from the gold, and the silver, and the kinds of belongings of great things. They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! If you-saww get to know our state, your-saww wonder would be great’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَمْ أَكُنْ أَعْلَمُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى عَرَّفَنِيهِ الْآنَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع وَ مَا كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ شَيْئاً مِنْ كِتَابِهِ وَ دِينِهِ أَيْضاً حَتَّى عَلَّمَنِيهِ رَبِّي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ كَذلِكَ أَوْحَيْنا إِلَيْكَ رُوحاً مِنْ أَمْرِنا ما كُنْتَ تَدْرِي مَا الْكِتابُ وَ لَا الْإِيمانُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ صِراطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ وَ لَكِنْ حَدِّثُوا بِذَلِكَ إِخْوَانَكُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لِأُصَدِّقَكُمْ فَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ ع
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww did not happen to know that until Jibraeel-as just now informed me-saww, and I-saww did not know anything from His-azwj Book and His-azwj Religion as well until my-saww Lord-azwj Taught me-saww. And thus We Revealed to you a Spirit from Our Command. You did not know what the Book was, nor the Eman, – up to His-azwj Words: the Straight Path [42:52]. But narrate with that to your brethren, these Momineen, so they would ratify you, for Jibraeel-as has informed me-saww (with your truthfulness)’.
فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّا لَمَّا قَرُبْنَا مِنَ الْعَدُوِّ بَعَثْنَا عَيْناً لَنَا لِنَعْرِفَ أَخْبَارَهُمْ وَ عُدَدَهُمْ لَنَا فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْنَا يُخْبِرُنَا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْرُ أَلْفِ رَجُلٍ وَ كُنَّا أَلْفَيْ رَجُلٍ وَ إِذَا الْقَوْمُ قَدْ خَرَجُوا إِلَى ظَاهِرِ بَلَدِهِمْ فِي أَلْفِ رَجُلٍ وَ تَرَكُوا فِي الْبَلَدِ ثَلَاثَةَ آلَافٍ يُوهِمُونَنَا أَنَّهُمْ أَلْفٌ
They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! When we were close to the enemy, we sent a spy of ours to familiarise with their news and count (their number) for us. He returned to us informing us that they were approximately a thousand men, and we were two thousand men. And it was so that that the people had gone out to the back of their city among a thousand men, and they had left three thousand in the city which we were assuming that they were a thousand.
وَ أَخْبَرَنَا صَاحِبُنَا أَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ فِي مَا بَيْنَهُمْ نَحْنُ أَلْفٌ وَ هُمْ أَلْفَانِ وَ لَسْنَا نُطِيقُ مُكَافَحَتَهُمْ وَ لَيْسَ لَنَا إِلَّا التَّحَاصُنُ فِي الْبَلَدِ حَتَّى تَضِيقَ صُدُورُهُمْ مِنْ مُنَازَلَتِنَا فَيَنْصَرِفُوا عَنَّا
And our companion informed us that they were saying in between them, ‘We are a thousand, and they are two thousand, and we would not be endure countering them, and there isn’t (a way) for us except that we fortify ourselves inside the city, until their chests are constricted from our houses, so they would disperse from us’.
فَتَجَرَّأْنَا بِذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ زَحَفْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ فَدَخَلُوا بَلَدَهُمْ وَ أَغْلَقُوا دُونَنَا بَابَهُ فَقَعَدْنَا نُنَازِلُهُمْ
We were encouraged by that against them, and we advanced towards them and entered their city, and we closed its gates behind us, and we sat awaiting them (for duel).
فَلَمَّا جَنَّ عَلَيْنَا اللَّيْلُ وَ صِرْنَا إِلَى نِصْفِهِ فَتَحُوا بَابَ بَلَدِهِمْ وَ نَحْنُ غَارُّونَ نَائِمُونَ مَا كَانَ فِينَا مُنْتَبِهٌ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةُ نَفَرٍ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ فِي جَانِبٍ مِنْ جَوَانِبِ عَسْكَرِنَا يُصَلِّي وَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فِي جَانِبٍ آخَرَ يُصَلِّي وَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَ قَتَادَةُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ فِي جَانِبٍ آخَرَ يُصَلِّي وَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ
When the night shielded upon us and went we came to its half (midnight), they opened the gate of their city, while we were heedless, sleeping. There were no attentive ones among us except for four persons – Zayd Bin Harisa in one side from the sides of our soldiers, praying Salat and reciting the Quran; and Abdullah Bin Rawaha in another side, praying Salat and reciting the Quran; and Qatada Bin Al-Nu’man in another side, praying Salat and reciting the Quran; and Qays Bin Aasim in another side, praying and reciting the Quran.
وَ قَيْسُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ فِي جَانِبٍ آخَرَ يُصَلِّي وَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ فَخَرَجُوا فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الظَّلْمَاءِ الدَّامِسَةِ وَ رَشَقُونَا بِنِبَالِهِمْ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ بَلَدَهُمْ وَ هُمْ بِطُرُقِهِ وَ مَوَاضِعِهِ عَالِمُونَ وَ نَحْنُ بِهَا جَاهِلُونَ فَقُلْنَا فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا دُهِينَا وَ أُوتِينَا هَذَا لَيْلٌ مُظْلِمٌ لَا يُمْكِنُنَا أَنْ نَتَّقِيَ النِّبَالَ لِأَنَّا لَا نُبْصِرُهَا
They came out in the intense darkness of the night and fired their arrows at us. And it was their city, and they were familiar with its ways and its places, and we were ignorant with these. We said between us, ‘They are cunning with us and coming to us, in the darkness of this night. It is not possible for us to dodge the arrows because we cannot see these coming’.
فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ رَأَيْنَا ضَوْءاً خَارِجاً مِنْ فِي قَيْسِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ كَالنَّارِ الْمُشْتَعِلَةِ وَ ضَوْءاً خَارِجاً مِنْ فِي قَتَادَةَ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ كَضَوْءِ الزُّهَرَةِ وَ الْمُشْتَرِي وَ ضَوْءاً خَارِجاً مِنْ فِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَوَاحَةَ كَشُعَاعِ الْقَمَرِ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الْمُظْلِمَةِ وَ نُوراً سَاطِعاً مِنْ فِي زَيْدِ بْنِ الْحَارِثَةِ أَضْوَأَ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ الطَّالِعَةِ
While we were like that when we saw an illumination coming out from the mouth of Qays Bin Aasim Al-Miqary, like the flaming fire; and an illumination coming out from the mouth of Qatada Bin Al-Nu’man like the illumination of the venues and the Jupiter; and an illumination coming out from the mouth of Abdullah Bin Awaha like rays of the moon in the dark night; and light spread out from the mouth of Zayd Bin Harisa, more illuminating than the emerging sun.
وَ إِذَا تِلْكَ الْأَنْوَارُ قَدْ أَضَاءَتْ مُعَسْكَرَنَا حَتَّى إِنَّهُ أَضْوَأُ مِنْ نِصْفِ النَّهَارِ وَ أَعْدَاؤُنَا فِي ظُلْمَةٍ شَدِيدَةٍ فَأَبْصَرْنَاهُمْ وَ عَمُوا عَنَّا فَفَرَّقَنَا زَيْدٌ عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى أَحَطْنَا بِهِمْ وَ نَحْنُ نُبْصِرُهُمْ وَ هُمْ لَا يُبْصِرُونَنَا فَنَحْنُ بُصَرَاءُ وَ هُمْ عُمْيَانٌ فَوَضَعْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ السُّيُوفَ فَصَارُوا بَيْنَ قَتِيلٍ وَ جَرِيحٍ وَ أَسِيرٍ
And it was so that those lights had illuminated our soldiers until it was brighter than the middle of the day, and our enemies were in intense darkness. We could see them, but they were blinded from us, and Zayd Bin Harisa separated us to go against them until we had surrounded them, and we could see them, but they could not see us, and we were seeing ones and they were blind ones. We unsheathed our swords upon them, and they came to be between the killed, and the injured, and the captive.
وَ دَخَلْنَا بَلَدَهُمْ فَاشْتَمَلْنَا عَلَى الذَّرَارِيِّ وَ الْعِيَالِ وَ الْأَثَاثِ وَ الْأَمْوَالِ [وَ] هَذِهِ عِيَالاتُهُمْ وَ ذَرَارِيُّهُمْ وَ هَذِهِ أَمْوَالُهُمْ وَ مَا رَأَيْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَعْجَبَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَنْوَارِ مِنْ أَفْوَاهِ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمِ الَّتِي عَادَتْ ظُلْمَةً عَلَى أَعْدَائِنَا حَتَّى مَكَّنَنَا مِنْهُمْ
And we entered their city, so we rounded up the offspring and the dependants, and the belongings, and the wealth – and these are their dependants and their offspring, and this here is their wealth. And, O Rasool-Allah-saww! We have not seen anything stranger than those lights, from the mouths of these people, which returned the darkness upon our enemies until it enabled us from (being victorious over) them’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقُولُوا الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ عَلَى مَا فَضَّلَكُمْ بِهِ مِنْ شَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ هَذِهِ كَانَتْ غُرَّةَ شَعْبَانَ وَ قَدِ انْسَلَخَ عَنْهُمُ الشَّهْرُ الْحَرَامُ وَ هَذِهِ الْأَنْوَارُ بِأَعْمَالِ إِخْوَانِكُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي غُرَّةِ شَعْبَانَ وَ أُسْلِفُوا لَهَا أَنْوَاراً فِي لَيْلَتِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقَعَ مِنْهُمُ الْأَعْمَالُ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj, Lord-azwj of the worlds’, upon what He-azwj has Graced you all with from the month of Shaban. This was the night of the first of Shaban, and the Sacred month had passed away from them, these are the lights with the deeds of these brothers of yours during the first of Shaban. They sent forth the lights during its nights, before the deeds had even occurred from them’.
قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ مَا تِلْكَ الْأَعْمَالُ لِنُثَابَ عَلَيْهَا
They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And what are those deeds so we can be habitual upon it?’
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَمَّا قَيْسُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ الْمِنْقَرِيُّ فَإِنَّهُ أَمَرَ بِمَعْرُوفٍ فِي يَوْمِ غُرَّةِ شَعْبَانَ وَ قَدْ نَهَى عَنْ مُنْكَرٍ وَ دَلَّ عَلَى خَيْرٍ فَلِذَلِكَ قُدِّمَ لَهُ النُّورُ فِي بَارِحَةِ يَوْمِهِ عِنْدَ قِرَاءَتِهِ الْقُرْآنَ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘As for Qays Bin Aasim Al-Miqary, so he enjoined with the goodness during the day of the first of Shaban, and he had forbidden from evil, and pointed upon goodness. Therefore, due to that, the light preceded for him during the previous night of his day – with his recitation of the Quran.
وَ أَمَّا قَتَادَةُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ فَإِنَّهُ قَضَى دَيْناً كَانَ عَلَيْهِ فِي يَوْمِ غُرَّةِ شَعْبَانَ فَلِذَلِكَ أَسْلَفَهُ اللَّهُ النُّورَ فِي بَارِحَةِ يَوْمِهِ
And as for Qatada Bin Al-Nu’man, so he fulfilled the debt which was upon him during the day of the first of Shaban, therefore, due to that, Allah-azwj Sent forth the light during the previous night of his day.
وَ أَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ بَرّاً بِوَالِدَيْهِ فَكَثُرَتْ غَنِيمَتُهُ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ غَدِهِ قَالَ لَهُ أَبُوهُ إِنِّي وَ أُمَّكَ لَكَ مُحِبَّانِ وَ إِنَّ امْرَأَتَكَ فُلَانَةَ تُؤْذِينَا وَ تَعِيبُنَا وَ إِنَّا لَا نَأْمَنُ مِنِ انْقِلَابٍ فِي بَعْضِ هَذِهِ الْمَشَاهِدِ وَ لَسْنَا نَأْمَنُ أَنْ تُسْتَشْهَدَ فِي بَعْضِهَا فَتُدَاخِلَنَا هَذِهِ فِي أَمْوَالِكَ وَ يَزْدَادَ عَلَيْنَا بَغْيُهَا وَ غَيُّهَا
And as for Abdullah Bin Rawaha, so he was righteous with his parents, and his booty was a lot during this night. When it was the morning, his father said to him, ‘I and your mother are both beloved to you, and your wife so and so, is hurting us and tiring us. And we are not secure of you being harmed during one of these confrontations, and we are not secure that you might be martyred in one of these, so you would include us in this wealth and she would increase her rebellion and her curses upon us’.
فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ مَا كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ بَغْيَهَا عَلَيْكُمْ وَ كَرَاهِيَتَكُمَا لَهَا وَ لَوْ كُنْتُ عَلِمْتُ ذَلِكَ لَأَبَنْتُهَا مِنْ نَفْسِي وَ لَكِنِّي قَدْ أَبَنْتُهَا الْآنَ لِتَأْمَنَا مَا تَحْذَرَانِ فَمَا كُنْتُ بِالَّذِي أُحِبُّ مَنْ تَكْرَهَانِ فَلِذَلِكَ أَسْلَفَهُ اللَّهُ النُّورَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُمْ
Abdullah said, ‘I did not know of her rebellion upon you, and her disliking you both, and had I known that I would have irrevocably divorced her from myself. But, I hereby irrevocably divorce her right now for you to be secure from what you are both cautious of, for I don’t want to be the one who loves the one who abhors you both’. Therefore, due to that, Allah-azwj Sent forth the light which you saw.
وَ أَمَّا زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ الَّذِي كَانَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ فِيهِ نُورٌ أَضْوَأُ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ الطَّالِعَةِ وَ هُوَ سَيِّدُ الْقَوْمِ وَ أَفْضَلُهُمْ فَلَقَدْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ مَا يَكُونُ مِنْهُ فَاخْتَارَهُ وَ فَضَّلَهُ عَلَى عِلْمِهِ بِمَا يَكُونُ مِنْهُ إِنَّهُ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي وَلِيَ هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ الَّتِيكَانَ فِيهَا ظَفَرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِالشَّمْسِ الطَّالِعَةِ مِنْ فِيهِ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ مُنَافِقِي عَسْكَرِهِمْ يُرِيدُ التَّضْرِيبَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ إِفْسَادَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا
And as for Zayd Bin Harisa, that which came out from his mouth, light more illuminating that the emerging sun – he was the chief of the people and their superior, and Allah-azwj had Known what was be happening from him. So He-azwj Hose him and Graced him upon his knowledge with what would be happening from him during the day which was to follow this night – in which the Momineen were victorious in – with the emerging sun from his mouth. A man from the hypocrites of his soldiers came over intending the souring of relations between him and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and spoiling whatever was between them.
فَقَالَ لَهُ بَخْ بَخْ لَكَ أَصْبَحْتَ لَا نَظِيرَ لَكَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ صَحَابَتِهِ وَ هَذَا بَلَاؤُكَ وَ هَذَا الَّذِي شَاهَدْنَاهُ نُورُكَ
He said to him, ‘Congratulations, congratulations! You come to the morning and there is no match for you among the People-asws of the Household of Rasool-Allah-saww and his-saww companions. This plague is your doing, and this light of yours which we witnessed’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ زَيْدٌ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ لَا تُفْرِطْ فِي الْمَقَالِ وَ لَا تَرْفَعْنِي فَوْقَ قَدْرِي فَإِنَّكَ بِذَلِكَ مُخَالِفٌ وَ بِهِ كَافِرٌ وَ إِنِّي إِنْ تَلَقَّيْتُ مَقَالَتَكَ هَذِهِ بِالْقَبُولِ كَذَلِكَ
Zayd said to him, ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! Fear Allah-azwj and do not exaggerate in the speech, nor raise me above my worth, for you would be opposing Allah-azwj with that and would be a Kafir due to it, and so would I, if I were to accept this speech of your with the acceptance, that I was like that.
يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ أَ لَا أُحَدِّثُكَ بِمَا كَانَ فِي أَوَائِلِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ مَا بَعْدَهُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْمَدِينَةَ وَ زَوَّجَهُ فَاطِمَةَ ع وَ وَلَدَتِ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع قَالَ بَلَى
O Abdullah! Shall I narrate to you with what was during the beginning of Al-Islam and what was after it, until Rasool-Allah-azwj entered Al-Medina, and got (Syeda) Fatima-asws married, and she-asws was Blessed with Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws?’ He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ لِي شَدِيدَ الْمَحَبَّةِ حَتَّى تَبَنَّانِي لِذَلِكَ فَكُنْتُ أُدْعَى زَيْدَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ إِلَى أَنْ وُلِدَ لِعَلِيٍّ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع فَكَرِهْتُ ذَلِكَ لِأَجْلِهِمَا وَ قُلْتُ لِمَنْ كَانَ يَدْعُونِي أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَدْعُوَنِي زَيْداً مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَإِنِّي أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أُضَاهِيَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ
He said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww had intense love for me to the extent that he-saww considered me as a son due to that. I used to be called, ‘Zayd son of Muhammad-saww, until (such time as) Ali-asws was blessed with Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. I disliked that for their-asws reason, and I said to the one who was calling me as such, ‘I would love it if you could call me, ‘Zayd, slave of Rasool-Allah-saww’, for I dislike it that I should be (called) equalled to Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws.
فَلَمْ يَزَلْ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى صَدَّقَ اللَّهُ ظَنِّي وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص ما جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ قَلْبَيْنِ فِي جَوْفِهِ يَعْنِي قَلْباً يُحِبُّ مُحَمَّداً وَ آلَهُ وَ يُعَظِّمُهُمْ وَ قَلْباً يُعَظِّمُ بِهِ غَيْرَهُمْ كَتَعْظِيمِهِمْ أَوْ قَلْباً يُحِبُّ بِهِ أَعْدَاءَهُمْ بَلْ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَعْدَاءَهُمْ فَهُوَ يُبْغِضُهُمْ وَ لَا يُحِبُّهُمْ
I did not cease to be like that until Allah-azwj Ratified my thinking and Revealed unto Muhammad-saww: Allah has not Made for any man two hearts within him [33:4] – meaning a heart which loves Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws and reveres them-asws, and a heart revering others with it like their-asws reverence; or a heart revering their-asws enemies with it. But, the one who loves their-asws enemies, so he is (actually) hating them-asws and does not love them-asws, (and the one who equates them-asws with their-asws friends, so he (actually) hates them and does not love them-asws)’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ ما جَعَلَ أَزْواجَكُمُ اللَّائِي تُظاهِرُونَ مِنْهُنَّ أُمَّهاتِكُمْ وَ ما جَعَلَ أَدْعِياءَكُمْ أَبْناءَكُمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ أُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتابِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع أَوْلَى بِبُنُوَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ فَرْضِهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُهاجِرِينَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَفْعَلُوا إِلى أَوْلِيائِكُمْ مَعْرُوفاً إِحْسَاناً وَ إِكْرَاماً لَا يَبْلُغُ ذَلِكَ مَحَلَّ الْأَوْلَادِ كانَ ذلِكَ فِي الْكِتابِ مَسْطُوراً
Then He-azwj Said: nor has He made your wives whose backs you liken to the backs of your mothers as your mothers, nor has He Made those whom you assert to be your sons as your real sons [33:4] – up to His-azwj Words and the possessors of relationships some of them are closer to others in the Book of Allah [33:6] – meaning Al-Hassan and Al-Husayn-asws are foremost with the sonship of Rasool-Allah-saww in the the Book of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Obligations than the Believers and the Emigrants except that you should do good to your friends – doing favours and be honouring. That does not reach a position of the children, that was in the Written Book [33:6].
فَتَرَكُوا ذَلِكَ وَ جَعَلُوا يَقُولُونَ زَيْدٌ أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَمَا زَالَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ لِي هَذَا وَ أَكْرَهُهُ حَتَّى أَعَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْمُؤَاخَاةَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
They left that (calling me as the son of Muhammad-saww) – and went on saying, ‘Zayd, brother of Rasool-Allah-saww’. The people did not cease to be saying this for me and I disliked it, until Rasool-Allah-azwj established the brotherhood between him-saww and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws.
ثُمَّ قَالَ زَيْدٌ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ زَيْداً مَوْلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ كَمَا هُوَ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَلَا تَجْعَلْهُ نَظِيرَهُ وَ لَا تَرْفَعْهُ فَوْقَ قَدْرِهِ فَتَكُونَ كَالنَّصَارَى لَمَّا رَفَعُوا عِيسَى ع فَوْقَ قَدْرِهِ فَكَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ
Then Zayd said, ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! Zayd is a slave of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws just as he-asws is a slave of Rasool-Allah-saww, therefore do not make him (Zayd) to be his-asws peer, nor raise him to be above his worth, for you would become like the Christians when they raised Isa-as above his-as worth, they disbelieving in Allah-azwj, the Exalted, the Magnificent’.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَلِذَلِكَ فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ زَيْداً بِمَا رَأَيْتُمْ وَ شَرَّفَهُ بِمَا شَاهَدْتُمْ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Thus, due to that, Allah-azwj Graced Zayd with what you saw, and Ennobled him with what you witnessed.
وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً إِنَّ الَّذِي أَعَدَّهُ اللَّهُ لِزَيْدٍ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لَيَصْغُرُ فِي جَنْبِهِ مَا شَهِدْتُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا مِنْ نُورِهِ إِنَّهُ لَيَأْتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ نُورُهُ يَسِيرُ أَمَامَهُ وَ خَلْفَهُ وَ يَمِينَهُ وَ يَسَارَهُ وَ فَوْقَهُ وَ تَحْتَهُ مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ مَسِيرَةَ مِائَتَيْ أَلْفِ سَنَةٍ.
By the One-azwj Whom Sent me-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! That which Allah-azwj has Prepared for Zayd in the Hereafter would make pale into insignificance in his side what you saw in the world from his light. He would come on the Day of Judgment and his light would spread in front of him, and behind him, and his right, and his left, and above him, and beneath him, from every side to a travel distance of a thousand years’’.[1]
Further explanation from the Holy Quran:
وَاذْكُرْنَ مَا يُتْلَىٰ فِي بُيُوتِكُنَّ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَالْحِكْمَةِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ لَطِيفًا خَبِيرًا {34} إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالْمُسْلِمَاتِ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَالْقَانِتِينَ وَالْقَانِتَاتِ وَالصَّادِقِينَ وَالصَّادِقَاتِ وَالصَّابِرِينَ وَالصَّابِرَاتِ وَالْخَاشِعِينَ وَالْخَاشِعَاتِ وَالْمُتَصَدِّقِينَ وَالْمُتَصَدِّقَاتِ وَالصَّائِمِينَ وَالصَّائِمَاتِ وَالْحَافِظِينَ فُرُوجَهُمْ وَالْحَافِظَاتِ وَالذَّاكِرِينَ اللَّهَ كَثِيرًا وَالذَّاكِرَاتِ أَعَدَّ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ مَغْفِرَةً وَأَجْرًا عَظِيمًا {35} وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَلَا مُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمْرًا أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ ۗ وَمَنْ يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَالًا مُبِينًا {36}
[33:34] And Remember what is recited in your houses of the Verses of Allah and the wisdom; surely Allah is Knower of subtleties [33:35] Surely the Muslim men and the Muslim women, and the Believing men and the Believing women, and the obeying men and the obeying women, and the truthful men and the truthful women, and the patient men and the patient women, and the humble men and the humble women, and the charitable men and the charitable women, and the fasting men and the fasting women, and the men who guard their private parts and the women who guard, and the men who remember Allah much and the women who remember – Allah has Prepared for them Forgiveness and a mighty Recompense [33:36] And it is not for a believing man and a believing woman that they should have any choice in their matter when Allah and His Rasool have decided a matter; and whoever disobeys Allah and His Rasool, he surely strays off a manifest straying
علي بن إبراهيم: في رواية أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، في قوله: وَ ما كانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَ لا مُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذا قَضَى اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَمْراً أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ و ذلك أن رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) خطب على زيد بن حارثة زينب بنت جحش الأسدية، من بني أسد بن خزيمة، و هي بنت عمة النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) فقالت: يا رسول الله، حتى أوامر نفسي فأنظر.
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘And in a report of Abu Al-Jaroud,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding his-azwj Words [33:36] And it is not for a believing man and a believing woman that they should have any choice in their matter when Allah and His Rasool have decided a matter. And that Rasool-Allah-saww married Zaynab Bin Jahsh Al-Asadiyya to Zayd Bin Haaris. She was from the Clan of Asad Bin Khuzeyman, and she was a daughter of the paternal aunt of Rasool-Allah-saww. So she said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww, until there are orders for myself, I shall wait.
فأنزل الله: وَ ما كانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَ لا مُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذا قَضَى اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَمْراً أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ وَ مَنْ يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلالًا مُبِيناً فقالت: يا رسول الله، أمري بيدك. فزوجها إياه، فمكثت عند زيد ما شاء الله، ثم إنهما تشاجرا في شيء إلى رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، فنظر إليها النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) فأعجبته، فقال زيد: يا رسول الله، ائذن لي في طلاقها، فإن فيها كبرا، و إنها لتؤذيني بلسانها، فقال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): «اتق الله، و أمسك عليك زوجك، و أحسن إليها».
So Allah-azwj Revealed [33:36] And it is not for a believing man and a believing woman that they should have any choice in their matter when Allah and His Rasool have decided a matter, and whoever disobeys Allah and His Rasool, he surely strays off a manifest straying. So, she said, ‘My life is in your hands’. So he-saww got her married to him (Zayd). So, she remained with Zayd for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired it. Then they quarrelled about something to Rasool-Allah-saww. So the Prophet-saww looked towards her and she astounded him-saww’. Zayd said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww, allow me to divorce her, for she is arrogant, and she hurts me with her tongue’. So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Fear Allah-azwj and hold on to your spouse, and be good to her’.
ثم إن زيدا طلقها، و انقضت عدتها، فأنزل الله نكاحها على رسول الله، فقال: فَلَمَّا قَضى زَيْدٌ مِنْها وَطَراً زَوَّجْناكَها.
Then Zayd divorced her, and she spent her waiting period, so Allah-azwj Revealed that she should be married to Rasool-Allah-saww, so He-azwj Said [33:37] But when Zayd had accomplished his want of her, We Married her to you’.[2]
Adopting a Good Child:
عنه، عن أبيه أبي عبد الله البرقي، عن ابن فضال، عن عبد الله بن بكير، عن زرارة قال: سمعت أبا جعفر عليه السلام يقول: لا خير في ولد الزنا ولا في بشره ولا شعره ولا في لحمه ولا في دمه ولا في شئ منه (يعنى ولد الزنا). وفي رواية أبي خديجة، عن أبي – عبد الله عليه السلام، قال: ان كان أحد من أولاد الزنا نجا لنجا سائح بني اسرائيل، فقيل له: وما سائح بنى اسرائيل؟ – قال: كان عابدا، فقيل له: ان ولد الزنا لا يطيب أبدا ولا يقبل الله منه عملا، قال: فخرج يسيح بين الجبال ويقول: ما ذنبي؟.
From him, from his father Abu Abdullah Al Barqym from Ibn Fazaal, from Abdullah Bin Bakeyr, from Zarara who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘There is no good in a child born of adultery, neither with his evil, nor in his hair, nor in his flesh, nor in his blood, nor in anything from him (meaning the one born of adultery)’. And in a report of Abu Khadeeja, Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘If there is anyone from the illegitimate children who would be saved, it would be the traveller of the Chidlren of Israel’. So it was said to him-asws, ‘And what is the traveller of the Children of Israel?’ He-asws said: ‘He was a worshipper’. So it was said to him, ‘One born of adultery will not be good, ever, nor will Allah-azwj Accept deeds from him’. So he went out travelling between the mountains, and he was saying, ‘What is my sin?’[3]
A birth is blessed if marriage was performed as per traditions of a community:
أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ نَضْرٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ نُعْمَانَ الْجُعْفِيِّ قَالَ كَانَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) صَدِيقٌ لَا يَكَادُ يُفَارِقُهُ إِذَا ذَهَبَ مَكَاناً فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ يَمْشِي مَعَهُ فِي الْحَذَّاءِينَ وَ مَعَهُ غُلَامٌ لَهُ سِنْدِيٌّ يَمْشِي خَلْفَهُمَا إِذَا الْتَفَتَ الرَّجُلُ يُرِيدُ غُلَامَهُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَلَمْ يَرَهُ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ فِي الرَّابِعَةِ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْفَاعِلَةِ أَيْنَ كُنْتَ
Abu Ali Al -ashary, from Muhammad Bin Salim, from Ahmad Bin N-azar, from Amro Bin Nu’man Al Ju’fy who said,
‘There used to be a friend for Abu Abdullah-asws who was almost never separate from him-asws whenever he-asws went to a place. So while he was walking with him-asws among the shoemakers, and with him was a Sindy slave of his walking behind him, when the man turned around intending his slave, three times, but did not see him. So when he looked during the fourth (time), he said, ‘O son of the adulteress! Where were you?’
قَالَ فَرَفَعَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) يَدَهُ فَصَكَّ بِهَا جَبْهَةَ نَفْسِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ تَقْذِفُ أُمَّهُ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَرَى أَنَّ لَكَ وَرَعاً فَإِذَا لَيْسَ لَكَ وَرَعٌ فَقَالَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ أُمَّهُ سِنْدِيَّةٌ مُشْرِكَةٌ فَقَالَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ نِكَاحاً تَنَحَّ عَنِّي
He (the narrator) said, ‘So Abu Abdullah-asws raised his-asws hand and hit his-asws own forehead with it, then said: ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! You slander his mother, and I-asws used to view the piety being for you, but there is no piety for you’. So he said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! His mother w-as a Sindy woman, a Polytheist’. So he-asws said: ‘But don’t you know that for every community there is a (form of) marriage? Stay away from me-asws’.
قَالَ فَمَا رَأَيْتُهُ يَمْشِي مَعَهُ حَتَّى فَرَّقَ الْمَوْتُ بَيْنَهُمَا .
He (the narrator) said: ‘So I did not see him-asws walking with him until the death separated the two of them’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى إِنَّ لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ نِكَاحاً يَحْتَجِزُونَ بِهِ مِنَ الزِّنَا .
And in another report, ‘(He-asws said): ‘For every community there is a (form of) marriage by which they are being withheld from the adultery’.[4]
[1] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 22, The book of our Prophetsaww, P 3 Ch 37 H 31
[2] تفسير القمّي 2: 194
[3] Al Mahaasin – V 1 Bk 3 H 100
[4] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 131 H 5