Summary:
In the Holy Quran, Wali (ولى)[1], plural Awliya (أَوْلِياء), has been mentioned at multiple places, meaning guardian from or friend of Allah-azwj in a good sense or to its opposite meanings as adherents of Shatan (Iblis) who promotes or follows the evil enamating from devils (Iblis and his children). See Appendix I, where Awliya Word appears in both meanings in the Holy Verses of the Quran.
As for Awliya Allah ‘أَوْلِيَاءُ اللَّهِ’, they are not among the celebrated saints from Muslims as per the beliefs of Suffi Muslims or these are the Walis Appointed by Allah-azwj, among the successor of the Holy Prophet-saww! Additionally, a small number of Muslims also consider some Awliya having the rights of ‘wilayah’ (a lesser one) after the ‘Wilayah’ of Masomeen-asws, upon the rest of the ‘Momineen’ (believers).
The words ‘Wali’ and the concept of ‘Wilayah’ are discussed elsewhere; see: Wali-Guardian | Hubeali
Wilayah – Its Meaning | Hubeali
NB: One has to be very careful and should never interpret a Holy Verse by his wisdom but only through the Ahadith of Ahl Al-Bayt-asws, e.g., the word Momin is for Allah-azwj as well as for the believers, similarly Wali is also for Allah-azwj, for His Prophet-saww and for the Imam-asws, as well as for the social responsibilities of the guardians who may be are from parents or the caretakers[2]
In summary, Awliya Allah-azwj are the Divine Prophets-as and Imams-asws Appointed by Allah-azwj for the guidance of the people as well as the Jinns, anyone who is either against them-as or does not recognise them-as as the Wali, is from the adherent of Iblis-la. Anyone from the dead or the alive, who loves and follows the Divine Prophets-as and Imams-asws of Allah-azwj, is their-as friend and the friend of Allah-azwj and must be respected and loved by the fellow believers.
In the article, we will review some Ahadith to learn and clarify the meanings of ‘أَوْلِيَاءُ اللَّهِ’, but first we look at the Holy Verses of the Quran and Ahadith interpretation of these Verses:
Who are the the friends of Allah-azwj)‘أَوْلِيَاءُ اللَّهِ’
أَلا إِنَّ أَوْلِياءَ اللَّهِ لا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ (6210:)
Indeed, (as for) the friends of Allah – they shall have no fear nor shall they be grieving
وَ الَّذينَ اتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِهِ أَوْلِياءَ اللَّهُ حَفيظٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ ما أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِوَكيلٍ (642:)
And (as for) those who take guardians besides Him, Allah is a Protector over them, and you are not an agent for them.
العياشي: عن عبد الرحمن بن سالم الأشل، عن بعض الفقهاء، قال: قال أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام): أَلا إِنَّ أَوْلِياءَ اللَّهِ لا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ، ثم قال: «تدرون من أولياء الله؟» قالوا: من هم، يا أمير المؤمنين؟ فقال: «هم نحن و أتباعنا فمن تبعنا من بعدنا، طوبى لنا و طوبى لهم، و طوباهم أفضل من طوبانا».
Al-Ayyashi, from Abdul Rahman Bin Saalim Al Ashal, from one of the jurists who said,
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘[10:62] Indeed, (as for) the friends of Allah – they shall have no fear nor shall they be grieving’.
Then he (the Imam-asws) asked: ‘Do you all know who the friends of Allah-azwj are?’ They said, ‘Who are they, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws?’ Imam-asws said: ‘They are us-asws, and the ones who follow us-asws. The ones who follow us-asws from after us-asws (Shia to come later) Blessings are for us-asws all, and Blessings are for them, and their Blessings are higher than our Blessings’.
قيل: يا أمير المؤمنين، ما شأن طوباهم أفضل من طوبانا؟ ألسنا نحن و هم على أمر؟ قال: «لا، لأنهم حملوا ما لم تحملوا، و أطاقوا ما لم تطيقوا
It was said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! What is the matter that their Blessings are higher than ours? Is it not that us and them are upon one matter?’ He-asws said: ‘No! Because they would be carrying what you cannot endure, and they would be tolerating that which you cannot tolerate’.[3]
عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عِيسَى النَّهْرِيرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ عَرَفَ اللَّهَ وَ عَظَّمَهُ مَنَعَ فَاهُ مِنَ الْكَلَامِ وَ بَطْنَهُ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَ عَفَا نَفْسَهُ بِالصِّيَامِ وَ الْقِيَامِ
From him, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Isa Al Hureyri,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who recognises Allah-azwj and His-azwj Magnificence would prevent his mouth from the speech, and his belly from the food, and excuses himself with the Fasting and the standing (for Salāt)’.
قَالُوا بِآبَائِنَا وَ أُمَّهَاتِنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَؤُلَاءِ أَوْلِيَاءُ اللَّهِ قَالَ إِنَّ أَوْلِيَاءَ اللَّهِ سَكَتُوا فَكَانَ سُكُوتُهُمْ ذِكْراً وَ نَظَرُوا فَكَانَ نَظَرُهُمْ عِبْرَةً وَ نَطَقُوا فَكَانَ نُطْقُهُمْ حِكْمَةً وَ مَشَوْا فَكَانَ مَشْيُهُمْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بَرَكَةً لَوْ لَا الْآجَالُ الَّتِي قَدْ كُتِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ لَمْ تَقِرَّ أَرْوَاحُهُمْ فِي أَجْسَادِهِمْ خَوْفاً مِنَ الْعَذَابِ وَ شَوْقاً إِلَى الثَّوَابِ
They said, ‘By our fathers and our mothers, O Rasool-Allah-saww! Are they the close friends of Allah-azwj?’ Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The close friends of Allah-azwj observed silence, so their silence was a Remembrance (of Allah-azwj); and they looked around, so their looking around was a lesson; and they spoke, so their speaking was wisdom; and they walked, so their walking between the people was a Blessing. Had it not been for the term which had been Ordained upon them, their spirits would not have stayed in their bodies out of fear from the Punishment and desire to the Rewards’.[4]
عن بريد العجلي عن أبي جعفر ع قال وجدنا في كتاب علي بن الحسين ع «أَلا إِنَّ أَوْلِياءَ اللَّهِ لا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ» قال: إذا أدوا فرائض الله، و أخذوا بسنن رسول الله ص و تورعوا عن محارم الله، و زهدوا في عاجل زهرة الدنيا، و رغبوا فيما عند الله- و اكتسبوا الطيب من رزق الله، لا يريدون به التفاخر و التكاثر ثم أنفقوا فيما يلزمهم من حقوق واجبة، فأولئك الذين بارك الله لهم فيما اكتسبوا و يثابون على ما قدموا لآخرتهم
From Bureyd Al-Ijaly, it is narrated:
Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘We-asws found in the Book of Ali Bin Al-Husayn-asws ‘[10:62] Indeed, (as for) the friends of Allah – they shall have no fear nor shall they be grieving’. He-asws said: ‘When they are fulfilling the Obligations of Allah-ajwj and are taking with the Sunnah (traditions) of Rasool-Allah-saww, and are abstaining from the Prohibitions of Allah-ajwj, and are ascetic regarding the present blossoms of the world, and are desirous regarding what is in the Presence of Allah-ajwj, and earning the good from the sustenance of Allah-ajwj, not intending the pride by it nor the abundance, then are spending in what are the Obligatory rights, so they are those Allah-ajwj has Blessed for them in what they are earning and are being Rewarded upon what they are sending forward for their Hereafter’.[5]
عن عبد الرحيم، قال: قال أبو جعفر (عليه السلام): «إنما أحدكم حين تبلغ نفسه هاهنا، فينزل عليه ملك الموت، فيقول له: أما ما كنت ترجو فقد أعطيته، و أما ما كنت تخافه فقد أمنت منه، و يفتح له باب إلى منزله من الجنة، و يقال له: انظر إلى مسكنك من الجنة، و انظر هذا رسول الله و علي و الحسن و الحسين (عليهم السلام) رفقاؤك، و هو قول الله: الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ كانُوا يَتَّقُونَ لَهُمُ الْبُشْرى فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا وَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ
From Abdul Rahman said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘When the soul of one of you (Shias) reaches over here (throat), so the Angel of Death descends upon him saying to him: ‘As for what you had been hoping for, you will be Given it, and as for what you had been fearing, you would be secured from it’. And the Gate of the Paradise would be Opened for him to his house in the Paradise, and it is said to him: ‘Look towards your dwelling from the Paradise, and look, this is Rasool-Allah-saww, and Ali-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, your friends. And these are the Words of Allah-azwj [10:63] Those who had believed and were pious [10:64] For them is good news in the life of the world and in the Hereafter’.[6]
حَدَّثَنَا الْمُظَفَّرُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الْمُظَفَّرِ الْعَلَوِيُّ السَّمَرْقَنْدِيُّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَ حَيْدَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ السَّمَرْقَنْدِيُّ جَمِيعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ [بْنِ] مَسْعُودٍ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شُجَاعٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ يَوْمَ يَأْتِي بَعْضُ آياتِ رَبِّكَ لا يَنْفَعُ نَفْساً إِيمانُها لَمْ تَكُنْ آمَنَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ أَوْ كَسَبَتْ فِي إِيمانِها خَيْراً يَعْنِي خُرُوجَ الْقَائِمِ الْمُنْتَظَرِ مِنَّا ثُمَّ قَالَ ع يَا أَبَا بَصِيرٍ طُوبَى لِشِيعَةِ قَائِمِنَا الْمُنْتَظِرِينَ لِظُهُورِهِ فِي غَيْبَتِهِ وَ الْمُطِيعِينَ لَهُ فِي ظُهُورِهِ أُولَئِكَ أَوْلِيَاءُ اللَّهِ الَّذِينَ لا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لا هُمْ يَحْزَنُون
Narrated to us Muzaffar bin Ja’far bin Muzaffar Alawi Amari Samarqandi-ra: Narrated to us Muhammad bin Ja’far bin Masud and Haider bin Muhammad bin Nuaim Samarqandi, all of them from Muhammad bin Masud Ayyashi that he said: Narrated to me Ali bin Muhammad bin Shuja from Muhammad bin Isa from Yunus Ibne Abdur Rahman from Ali bin Abi Hamza from Abi Baseer who says:
(Imam) Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws bin Muhammad-asws said regarding the words of Allah-azwj, the Mighty and Sublime:
On the day when some of the signs of your Lord shall come, its faith shall not profit a soul which did not believe before, or earn good through its faith (6:158)
That it denotes the advent of the awaited ‘Qa’im-ajfj (12th Imam) from us-asws. Then, he-asws said: “O Aba Baseer! Fortunate are the Shias of our ‘Qa’im-ajfj’ who during the era of his-asws occultation wait for his-ajfj reappearance and who obey him-ajfj during the era of his-asws reappearance. They are ‘أَوْلِيَاءُ اللَّهِ’ (friends of Allah-azwj) for whom there shall be neither fear nor grief.”[7]
عنه، عن أبيه، عن النضر بن سويد، عن يحيى بن عمران الحلبي، عن أيوب بن الحر، عن أبي بصير، قال: كنت عند أبي جعفر (ع) فقال له سلام: إن خثيمة بن أبي خثيمة حدثنا أنه سألك عن الاسلام فقلت له: إن الاسلام من استقبل قبلتنا، وشهد شهادتنا، ونسك نسكنا، ووالى ولينا، وعادى عدونا، فهو مسلم؟ – قال: صدق، وسألك عن – الايمان فقلت: الايمان بالله والتصديق بكتابه، وأن أحب في الله، وأبغض في الله،؟ – فقال: صدق خثيمة
From him, from his father, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya Bin Imran Al Halby, from Ayoub Bin Al Hurr,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Baseer who said, ‘I was in the presence of Abu Ja’far-asws, so Salam said to him-asws, ‘Khaseyman Bin Abu Khaseyman narrated to us that he asked you-asws about Al-Islam, so you-asws said to him: ‘The Islam is from accepting our-asws Qiblah, and testify to our-asws testimonies, and (performing) rituals of our-asws rituals, and befriend our-asws friends, and be inimical to our-asws enemies, so would he be a Muslim?’ He-asws said: ‘He spoke the truth’. And he asked you-asws about the Eman (faith), so you-asws said, ‘The believing in Allah-azwj, and the raitifcation of His-azwj Book, and love for the sake of Allah-azwj, and hate for the sake of Allah-azwj? So he-asws said: ‘Khaseyman spoke the truth’.[8]
عنه، عن محمد بن علي، عن محمد بن أسلم، عن الخطاب الكوفي ومصعب بن عبد الله الكوفي قالا: دخل سدير الصيرفي على أبي عبد الله عليه السلام وعنده جماعة من أصحابه، فقال له: يا سدير لا تزال شيعتنا مرعبين محفوظين مستورين معصومين ما أحسنوا النظر لانفسهم فيما بينهم وبين خالقهم وصحت نياتهم لائمتهم وبروا اخوانهم فعطفوا على ضعيفهم وتصدقوا على ذوى الفاقة منهم، انا لا نأمر بظلم ولكنا نأمركم بالورع الورع الورع والمواساة المواساة المواساة لاخوانكم فان أولياء الله لم يزالوا مستضعفين قليلين منذ خلق الله آدم عليه السلام
From him, form Muhammad Bin Ali, from Muhammad Bin Aslam, from Al Khataab Al Kufy and Mas’ab Bin Abdullah Al Kufy who both said,
‘Sudeyr Al-Sayrafi came up to Abu Abdullah-asws and in his-asws presence was a group of his-asws companions, so he-asws said to him: ‘O Sudeyr! Our-asws Shiah have never ceased to be intimidated, protective, concealed and innocent. How beautiful it is to look at them, with regards to what is between them and their Creator-azwj, and the well-being of their sincere intentions to their Imams-asws and they respect for their brethren, and sympathise with the weak ones, and are charitable to the ones with the starvation among them. We-asws do not order for the injustice, but we-asws order you for the piety, the piety, the piety, and the equality, and the equality, and the equality to your brethren, for the friends of Allah-azwj have never ceased to be weak, few in number, since Allah-azwj Created Adam-as’.[9]
عَنْهُ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ مُفَضَّلٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ فَما لَنا مِنْ شافِعِينَ وَ لا صَدِيقٍ حَمِيمٍ قَالَ الشَّافِعُونَ الْأَئِمَّةُ وَ الصَّدِيقُ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِين
Umar Bin Abdul Aziz, from Mufazzal or someone else,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: So, there is none for us from the intercessors [26:100] Nor an intimate friend [26:101]. He-asws said: ‘The interceders are the Imams-asws, and the close friend, is from the Momineen’’.[10].[11]
See additional Ahadith in the Appendix II.
Appendix I: Holy Verses where word ‘Awliya’ Appear in the Quran
NB: Only Holy Verses are cited below for the interpretation of these Verse please visit Shia Quran English Translation & Tafseer | Hubeali
Al-Baqara (The Cow) 2:257
ٱللَّهُ وَلِىُّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ يُخْرِجُهُم مِّنَ ٱلظُّلُمَـٰتِ إِلَى ٱلنُّورِ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَوْلِيَآؤُهُمُ ٱلطَّـٰغُوتُ يُخْرِجُونَهُم مِّنَ ٱلنُّورِ إِلَى ٱلظُّلُمَـٰتِ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ أَصْحَـٰبُ ٱلنَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَـٰلِدُونَ
Al-Imran (The Family of Imran) 3:28
لَّا يَتَّخِذِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ أَوْلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَٰلِكَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ فِى شَىْءٍ إِلَّآ أَن تَتَّقُوا۟ مِنْهُمْ تُقَىٰةً وَيُحَذِّرُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ نَفْسَهُۥ وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلْمَصِيرُ
Al-Imran (The Family of Imran) 3:175
إِنَّمَا ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنُ يُخَوِّفُ أَوْلِيَآءَهُۥ فَلَا تَخَافُوهُمْ وَخَافُونِ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ
Al-Nisa (The Women) 4:76
ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ يُقَـٰتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ يُقَـٰتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱلطَّـٰغُوتِ فَقَـٰتِلُوٓا۟ أَوْلِيَآءَ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنِ إِنَّ كَيْدَ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنِ كَانَ ضَعِيفًا
An-Nisa (The Women) 4:89
وَدُّوا۟ لَوْ تَكْفُرُونَ كَمَا كَفَرُوا۟ فَتَكُونُونَ سَوَآءً فَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا۟ مِنْهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءَ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُوا۟ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَإِن تَوَلَّوْا۟ فَخُذُوهُمْ وَٱقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ وَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا۟ مِنْهُمْ وَلِيًّا وَلَا نَصِيرًا
An-Nisa (The Women) 4:139
ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَّخِذُونَ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ أَوْلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَيَبْتَغُونَ عِندَهُمُ ٱلْعِزَّةَ فَإِنَّ ٱلْعِزَّةَ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعًا
Al-Nisa (The Women) 4:144
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَتَّخِذُوا۟ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ أَوْلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَتُرِيدُونَ أَن تَجْعَلُوا۟ لِلَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ سُلْطَـٰنًا مُّبِينًا
Al-Ma’idah (The Table Spread) 5:57
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَتَّخِذُوا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ دِينَكُمْ هُزُوًا وَلَعِبًا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ وَٱلْكُفَّارَ أَوْلِيَآءَ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ
Al-Ma’idah (The Table Spread) 5:51
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَتَّخِذُوا۟ ٱلْيَهُودَ وَٱلنَّصَـٰرَىٰٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ بَعْضٍ وَمَن يَتَوَلَّهُم مِّنكُمْ فَإِنَّهُۥ مِنْهُمْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِى ٱلْقَوْمَ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ
Al-Ma’idah (The Table Spread) 5:81
وَلَوْ كَانُوا۟ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلنَّبِىِّ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مَا ٱتَّخَذُوهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءَ وَلَـٰكِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنْهُمْ فَـٰسِقُونَ
Al-An’am (The Cattle) 6:121
وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا۟ مِمَّا لَمْ يُذْكَرِ ٱسْمُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَفِسْقٌ وَإِنَّ ٱلشَّيَـٰطِينَ لَيُوحُونَ إِلَىٰٓ أَوْلِيَآئِهِمْ لِيُجَـٰدِلُوكُمْ وَإِنْ أَطَعْتُمُوهُمْ إِنَّكُمْ لَمُشْرِكُونَ
Al-An’am (The Cattle) 6:128
وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ جَمِيعًا يَـٰمَعْشَرَ ٱلْجِنِّ قَدِ ٱسْتَكْثَرْتُم مِّنَ ٱلْإِنسِ وَقَالَ أَوْلِيَآؤُهُم مِّنَ ٱلْإِنسِ رَبَّنَا ٱسْتَمْتَعَ بَعْضُنَا بِبَعْضٍ وَبَلَغْنَآ أَجَلَنَا ٱلَّذِىٓ أَجَّلْتَ لَنَا قَالَ ٱلنَّارُ مَثْوَىٰكُمْ خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ إِلَّا مَا شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٌ
Al-A’raf (The Heights) 7:30
فَرِيقًا هَدَىٰ وَفَرِيقًا حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلضَّلَـٰلَةُ إِنَّهُمُ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ ٱلشَّيَـٰطِينَ أَوْلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُم مُّهْتَدُونَ
Al-A’raf (The Heights) 7:3
ٱتَّبِعُوا۟ مَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكُم مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا۟ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ قَلِيلًا مَّا تَذَكَّرُونَ
Al-Anfal (The Spoils of War) 8:34
وَمَا لَهُمْ أَلَّا يُعَذِّبَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَهُمْ يَصُدُّونَ عَنِ ٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ وَمَا كَانُوٓا۟ أَوْلِيَآءَهُۥٓ إِنْ أَوْلِيَآؤُهُۥٓ إِلَّا ٱلْمُتَّقُونَ وَلَـٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
Al-Anfal (The Spoils of War) 8:73
وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ بَعْضٍ إِلَّا تَفْعَلُوهُ تَكُن فِتْنَةٌ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَفَسَادٌ كَبِيرٌ
Al-Tauba (The Repentance) 9:23
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَتَّخِذُوٓا۟ ءَابَآءَكُمْ وَإِخْوَٰنَكُمْ أَوْلِيَآءَ إِنِ ٱسْتَحَبُّوا۟ ٱلْكُفْرَ عَلَى ٱلْإِيمَـٰنِ وَمَن يَتَوَلَّهُم مِّنكُمْ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلظَّـٰلِمُونَ
Al-Tauba (The Repentance) 9:71
وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنَـٰتُ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ بَعْضٍ يَأْمُرُونَ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ ٱلْمُنكَرِ وَيُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَيُؤْتُونَ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَيُطِيعُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥٓ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ سَيَرْحَمُهُمُ ٱللَّهُ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
Yunus (Jonah) 10:62
أَلَآ إِنَّ أَوْلِيَآءَ ٱللَّهِ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ
Hud (The Prophet Hud) 11:20
أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ لَمْ يَكُونُوا۟ مُعْجِزِينَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا كَانَ لَهُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ مِنْ أَوْلِيَآءَ يُضَـٰعَفُ لَهُمُ ٱلْعَذَابُ مَا كَانُوا۟ يَسْتَطِيعُونَ ٱلسَّمْعَ وَمَا كَانُوا۟ يُبْصِرُونَ
Hud (The Prophet Hud) 11:113
وَلَا تَرْكَنُوٓا۟ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ فَتَمَسَّكُمُ ٱلنَّارُ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ مِنْ أَوْلِيَآءَ ثُمَّ لَا تُنصَرُونَ
Ar-Ra’d (The Thunder) 13:16
قُلْ مَن رَّبُّ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ قُلِ ٱللَّهُ قُلْ أَفَٱتَّخَذْتُم مِّن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ لَا يَمْلِكُونَ لِأَنفُسِهِمْ نَفْعًا وَلَا ضَرًّا قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِى ٱلْأَعْمَىٰ وَٱلْبَصِيرُ أَمْ هَلْ تَسْتَوِى ٱلظُّلُمَـٰتُ وَٱلنُّورُ أَمْ جَعَلُوا۟ لِلَّهِ شُرَكَآءَ خَلَقُوا۟ كَخَلْقِهِۦ فَتَشَـٰبَهَ ٱلْخَلْقُ عَلَيْهِمْ قُلِ ٱللَّهُ خَـٰلِقُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ وَهُوَ ٱلْوَٰحِدُ ٱلْقَهَّـٰرُ
Al-Isra (The Journey by Night) 17:97
وَمَن يَهْدِ ٱللَّهُ فَهُوَ ٱلْمُهْتَدِ وَمَن يُضْلِلْ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِهِۦ وَنَحْشُرُهُمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَـٰمَةِ عَلَىٰ وُجُوهِهِمْ عُمْيًا وَبُكْمًا وَصُمًّا مَّأْوَىٰهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ كُلَّمَا خَبَتْ زِدْنَـٰهُمْ سَعِيرًا
Al-Kahf (The Cave) 18:50
وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةِ ٱسْجُدُوا۟ لِـَٔادَمَ فَسَجَدُوٓا۟ إِلَّآ إِبْلِيسَ كَانَ مِنَ ٱلْجِنِّ فَفَسَقَ عَنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّهِۦٓ أَفَتَتَّخِذُونَهُۥ وَذُرِّيَّتَهُۥٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِى وَهُمْ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّۢ بِئْسَ لِلظَّـٰلِمِينَ بَدَلًا
Al-Kahf (The Cave) 18:102
أَفَحَسِبَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَن يَتَّخِذُوا۟ عِبَادِى مِن دُونِىٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ إِنَّآ أَعْتَدْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَـٰفِرِينَ نُزُلًا
Al-Furqan (The Criterion) 25:18
قَالُوا۟ سُبْحَـٰنَكَ مَا كَانَ يَنۢبَغِى لَنَآ أَن نَّتَّخِذَ مِن دُونِكَ مِنْ أَوْلِيَآءَ وَلَـٰكِن مَّتَّعْتَهُمْ وَءَابَآءَهُمْ حَتَّىٰ نَسُوا۟ ٱلذِّكْرَ وَكَانُوا۟ قَوْمًۢا بُورًا
Al-‘Ankabut (The Spider) 29:41
مَثَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَوْلِيَآءَ كَمَثَلِ ٱلْعَنكَبُوتِ ٱتَّخَذَتْ بَيْتًا وَإِنَّ أَوْهَنَ ٱلْبُيُوتِ لَبَيْتُ ٱلْعَنكَبُوتِ لَوْ كَانُوا۟ يَعْلَمُونَ
Al-Ahzab (The Confederates) 33:6
ٱلنَّبِىُّ أَوْلَىٰ بِٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنفُسِهِمْ وَأَزْوَٰجُهُۥٓ أُمَّهَـٰتُهُمْ وَأُو۟لُوا۟ ٱلْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَىٰ بِبَعْضٍ فِى كِتَـٰبِ ٱللَّهِ مِنَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَٱلْمُهَـٰجِرِينَ إِلَّآ أَن تَفْعَلُوٓا۟ إِلَىٰٓ أَوْلِيَآئِكُم مَّعْرُوفًا كَانَ ذَٰلِكَ فِى ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ مَسْطُورًا
Az-Zumar (The Groups) 39:3
أَلَا لِلَّهِ ٱلدِّينُ ٱلْخَالِصُ وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ مَا نَعْبُدُهُمْ إِلَّا لِيُقَرِّبُونَآ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ زُلْفَىٰٓ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِى مَا هُمْ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِى مَنْ هُوَ كَـٰذِبٌ كَفَّارٌ
Fussilat (Explained in Detail) 41:31
نَحْنُ أَوْلِيَآؤُكُمْ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَفِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ وَلَكُمْ فِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِىٓ أَنفُسُكُمْ وَلَكُمْ فِيهَا مَا تَدَّعُونَ
Ash-Shura (The Consultation) 42:6
وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ ٱللَّهُ حَفِيظٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَمَآ أَنتَ عَلَيْهِم بِوَكِيلٍ
Ash-Shura (The Consultation) 42:46
وَمَا كَانَ لَهُم مِّنْ أَوْلِيَآءَ يَنصُرُونَهُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِن سَبِيلٍ
Ash-Shura (The Consultation) 42:9
أَمِ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ فَٱللَّهُ هُوَ ٱلْوَلِىُّ وَهُوَ يُحْىِ ٱلْمَوْتَىٰ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
Al-Jathiya (The Kneeling) 45:10
مِّن وَرَآئِهِمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَلَا يُغْنِى عَنْهُم مَّا كَسَبُوا۟ شَيْـًٔا وَلَا مَا ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَوْلِيَآءَ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ
Al-Jathiya (The Kneeling) 45:19
إِنَّهُمْ لَن يُغْنُوا۟ عَنكَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيْـًٔا وَإِنَّ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ بَعْضٍ وَٱللَّهُ وَلِىُّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ
Al-Ahqaf (The Curved Sandhills) 46:32
وَمَن لَّا يُجِبْ دَاعِىَ ٱللَّهِ فَلَيْسَ بِمُعْجِزٍ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَيْسَ لَهُۥ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوْلِيَآءُ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ فِى ضَلَـٰلٍ مُّبِينٍ
Al-Mumtahinah (The Examined One) 60:1
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَتَّخِذُوا۟ عَدُوِّى وَعَدُوَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَآءَ تُلْقُونَ إِلَيْهِم بِٱلْمَوَدَّةِ وَقَدْ كَفَرُوا۟ بِمَا جَآءَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْحَقِّ يُخْرِجُونَ ٱلرَّسُولَ وَإِيَّاكُمْ أَن تُؤْمِنُوا۟ بِٱللَّهِ رَبِّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ خَرَجْتُمْ جِهَـٰدًا فِى سَبِيلِى وَٱبْتِغَآءَ مَرْضَاتِى تُسِرُّونَ إِلَيْهِم بِٱلْمَوَدَّةِ وَأَنَا۠ أَعْلَمُ بِمَآ أَخْفَيْتُمْ وَمَآ أَعْلَنتُمْ وَمَن يَفْعَلْهُ مِنكُمْ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ سَوَآءَ ٱلسَّبِيلِ
Al-Jumu’ah (Friday) 62:6
قُلْ يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ هَادُوٓا۟ إِن زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ لِلَّهِ مِن دُونِ ٱلنَّاسِ فَتَمَنَّوُا۟ ٱلْمَوْتَ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـٰدِقِينَ
Appendix II: Additional Ahadith on Awliya Allah
أَقُولُ وَجَدْتُ فِي كِتَابِ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ سَلْمَانَ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ لَتَرْكَبُنَّ أُمَّتِي سُنَّةَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ حَذْوَ النَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ وَ حَذْوَ الْقُذَّةِ بِالْقُذَّةِ شِبْراً بِشِبْرٍ وَ ذِرَاعاً بِذِرَاعٍ وَ بَاعاً بِبَاعٍ حَتَّى لَوْ دَخَلُوا جُحْراً لَدَخَلُوا فِيهِ مَعَهُمْ
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘I found in the book of Suleym Bin Qays, from Salman-ra that Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘I-asws heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘My-saww community will be riding the ways of the children of Israel, step of the slipper with a slipper, and step of the arrow with the arrow (in a quiver), palm’s width by palm’s width, and cubit with a cubit, to the extent that if they had entered into a hole, you will enter it along with them.
إِنَّ التَّوْرَاةَ وَ الْقُرْآنَ كَتَبَتْهُ يَدٌ وَاحِدَةٌ فِي رَقٍّ وَاحِدٍ بِقَلَمٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ جَرَتِ الْأَمْثَالُ وَ السُّنَنُ سَوَاءً
Surely, The Torah and the Quran have been Written by One Hand, in one Parchment, with one pen, and the examples and the Sunnahs flow equally’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبَانٌ قَالَ سُلَيْمٌ وَ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ الْأُمَّةَ سَتَفَرَّقُ عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً اثْنَتَانِ وَ سَبْعُونَ فِرْقَةً فِي النَّارِ وَ فِرْقَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ فِرْقَةً مِنَ الثَّلَاثِ وَ سَبْعِينَ تَنْتَحِلُ مَحَبَّتَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتَ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ فِي النَّارِ
Then Aban said, ‘Suleym said, ‘And I heard Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws saying: ‘The community will be dividing into seventy-three sects, seventy-two sects would be in the Fire, and a sect in the Paradise, and thirteen from the seventy-three would be arrogating having love for us-asws People-asws of the Household, one of these would be in the Paradise and twelve in the Fire.
وَ أَمَّا الْفِرْقَةُ النَّاجِيَةُ الْمَهْدِيَّةُ الْمُؤْمِنَةُ الْمُسْلِمَةُ الْمُوَفَّقَةُ الْمُرْشَدَةُ فَهِيَ الْمُؤْتَمَّةُ بِي الْمُسْلِمَةُ لِأَمْرِي الْمُطِيعَةُ لِي الْمُتَبَرِّئَةُ مِنْ عَدُوِّي الْمُحِبَّةُ لِي الْمُبْغِضَةُ لِعَدُوِّي الَّتِي قَدْ عَرَفَتْ حَقِّي وَ إِمَامَتِي وَ فَرْضَ طَاعَتِي مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ
And as for the sect attaining salvation, the guided, the believers, the Muslims, the harmonised, the rightly guided, following me-asws, submissive to my-asws orders, obedient to me-asws, and disavowing from my-asws enemies, loving to me-asws hating my-asws enemies, that which has recognise my-asws rights, and my-asws Imamate, and Obligation of obeying me-asws in the Book of Allah-azwj, and Sunnah of His-azwj Prophet-saww.
فَلَمْ تَرْتَدَّ وَ لَمْ تَشُكَّ لِمَا قَدْ نَوَّرَ اللَّهُ فِي قَلْبِهَا مِنْ مَعْرِفَةِ حَقِّنَا وَ عَرَّفَهَا مِنْ فَضْلِنَا وَ أَلْهَمَهَا وَ أَخَذَ بِنَوَاصِيهَا فَأَدْخَلَهَا فِي شِيعَتِنَا حَتَّى اطْمَأَنَّتْ قُلُوبُهَا وَ اسْتَيْقَنَتْ يَقِيناً لَا يُخَالِطُهُ شَكٌّ
It will not become apostate and will not doubt due to Allah-azwj having Radiated its hearts from recognition of our-asws rights, and understanding of our-asws merits, and Inspired it, and Seizing it by its forelocks and including it among our-asws Shias until its hearts are at rest, and achieve certainty, no doubts would mingle into it.
أَنِّي أَنَا وَ أَوْصِيَائِي بَعْدِي إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ هُدَاةٌ مُهْتَدُونَ الَّذِينَ قَرَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِنَفْسِهِ وَ نَبِيِّهِ فِي آيٍ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ كَثِيرَةٍ وَ طَهَّرَنَا وَ عَصَمَنَا وَ جَعَلَنَا شُهَدَاءَ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ وَ حُجَّتَهُ فِي أَرْضِهِ وَ خُزَّانَهُ عَلَى عِلْمِهِ وَ مَعَادِنَ حُكْمِهِ وَ تَرَاجِمَةَ وَحْيِهِ
Surely, I-asws and my-asws successors-asws after me-asws up to the Day of Qiyamah are guides, Guided, those Allah-azwj Paired them with Himself-azwj and His-azwj Prophet-saww in many Verses from the Book of Allah-azwj, and Purified us-asws, and Protected us-asws, and Made us-asws witnesses over His-azwj creatures, and His-azwj Divine Authorities in His-azwj earth, and His-azwj treasurers upon His-azwj Knowledge, and mines of His-azwj Wisdom, and interpreters of His-azwj Revelation.
وَ جَعَلَنَا مَعَ الْقُرْآنِ وَ الْقُرْآنَ مَعَنَا لَا نُفَارِقُهُ وَ لَا يُفَارِقُنَا حَتَّى نَرِدَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حَوْضَهُ كَمَا قَالَ: وَ تِلْكَ الْفِرْقَةُ الْوَاحِدَةُ مِنَ الثَّلَاثِ وَ السَّبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً هِيَ النَّاجِيَةُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْفِتَنِ وَ الضَّلَالاتِ وَ الشُّبُهَاتِ
And He-azwj Made us to be with the Quran and the Quran to be with us-asws. Neither will we-asws separate from it nor will it separate from us-asws, until we-asws return to Rasool-Allah-saww at his-saww Fountain, just as he-saww had said: ‘And that is the one sect from the seventy-three sects, it is the one saved from the Fire and from the entirety of the Fitna (strife), and the straying’s, and the suspicions.
هُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ حَقّاً هُمْ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ … بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ وَ جَمِيعُ تِلْكَ الْفِرَقِ الِاثْنَتَيْنِ وَ السَّبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً هُمُ الْمُتَدَيِّنُونَ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ النَّاصِرُونَ دِينَ الشَّيْطَانِ الْآخِذُونَ عَنْ إِبْلِيسَ وَ أَوْلِيَائِهِ هُمْ أَعْدَاءُ اللَّهِ وَ أَعْدَاءُ رَسُولِهِ وَ أَعْدَاءُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَدْخُلُونَ النَّارَ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
They are from the people of the Paradise truly. They would be entering the Paradise without any Reckoning; and the entirety of the seventy-two sects, they the ultra-orthodox without the right, the helpers of the religion of Satan-la, the ones taking from Iblees-la and his-la friends, they are the enemies of Allah-azwj and the enemies of His-azwj Rasool-saww, and enemies of the Momineen, would be entering the Fire without any Reckoning.
بَرَءُوا مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ وَ أَشْرَكُوا بِاللَّهِ وَ كَفَرُوا بِهِ وَ عَبَدُوا غَيْرَ اللَّهِ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ وَ هُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعاً
They disavowed from Allah-azwj and from His-azwj Rasool-saww, and they associated with Allah-azwj and disbelieved in Him-azwj and they worshipped other than Allah-azwj from where they did not know, and they are reckoning that they are good in what they do’ [18:104].
يَقُولُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ اللَّهِ رَبِّنا ما كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ يَحْلِفُونَ لِلَّهِ كَما يَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ وَ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ عَلى شَيْءٍ أَلا إِنَّهُمْ هُمُ الْكاذِبُونَ
They will be saying on the Day of Qiyamah: ‘By Allah, our Lord! We were not associators’ [6:23], swearing to Allah-azwj, as they have been swearing to you all, and they are reckoning that they upon something. Indeed! They are the liars [58:18].
قَالَ قِيلَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَ رَأَيْتَ مَنْ قَدْ وَقَفَ فَلَمْ يَأْتَمَّ بِكُمْ وَ لَمْ يُضَادَّكُمْ وَ لَمْ يَنْصِبْ لَكُمْ وَ لَمْ يَتَوَلَّكُمْ وَ لَمْ يَتَبَرَّأْ مِنْ عَدُوِّكُمْ وَ قَالَ لَا أَدْرِي وَ هُوَ صَادِقٌ
He (the narrator) said, ‘It was said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! What is your-asws view of the one who had refrained and did not follow you-asws and did not opposed you-asws, and did no help you-asws, and did not befriend you and did not disavow from your-asws enemies, and said, ‘I don’t know’, and he is truthful?’
قَالَ لَيْسَ أُولَئِكَ مِنَ الثَّلَاثِ وَ السَّبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً إِنَّمَا عَنَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالثَّلَاثِ وَ السَّبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً الْبَاغِينَ النَّصَّابِينَ الَّذِينَ قَدْ شَهَرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَ دَعَوْا إِلَى دِينِهِمْ فَفِرْقَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهَا تَدِينُ بِدِينِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَ اثْنَتَانِ وَ سَبْعُونَ تَدِينُ بِدِينِ الشَّيْطَانِ وَ تَتَوَلَّى عَلَى قَبُولِهَا وَ تَتَبَرَّأُ مِمَّنْ خَالَفَهَا
He-asws said: ‘They are not from the seventy three sects. But rather, Rasool-Allah-saww meant by the seventy-three sect, the rebels, and the hostile ones, those who had announced themselves and called to their religion. So one sect from these made it a religion with the Religion of the Beneficent, and seventy-two made it a religion with the religion of Satan-la, and befriended (others) upon its acceptance and disavowed from the ones who opposed it.
فَأَمَّا مَنْ وَحَّدَ اللَّهَ وَ آمَنَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفْ وَلَايَتَنَا وَ لَا ضَلَالَةَ عَدُوِّنَا وَ لَمْ يَنْصِبْ شَيْئاً وَ لَمْ يُحِلَّ وَ لَمْ يُحَرِّمْ وَ أَخَذَ بِجَمِيعِ مَا لَيْسَ بَيْنَ الْمُخْتَلِفِينَ مِنَ الْأُمَّةِ خِلَافٌ فِي أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَمَرَ بِهِ أَوْ نَهَى عَنْهُ
As for the one who professed the Unity of Allah-azwj and believed in Rasool-Allah-saww, and did not recognise our-asws Wilayah, nor the straying of our-asws enemies, and did not establish anything hostile, and did not permit and did not prohibit (anything else), and took with the entirety what wasn’t between differing ones from the community, any differing regarding me-asws that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded with it or Prohibited from it.
وَ كَفَّ عَمَّا بَيْنَ الْمُخْتَلِفِينَ مِنَ الْأُمَّةِ خِلَافٌ فِي أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَ بِهِ أَوْ نَهَى عَنْهُ فَلَمْ يَنْصِبْ شَيْئاً وَ لَمْ يُحَلِّلْ وَ لَمْ يُحَرِّمْ وَ لَا يَعْلَمُ وَ رَدَّ عِلْمَ مَا أَشْكَلَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَى اللَّهِ
And he refrained from what is between the differing ones from the community any differing regarding that Allah-azwj Commanded with it, or Prohibited from it, but did not establish any hostility, and did not permit and did not prohibit, and did not know, and did not refer the knowledge of what was doubtful upon him, to Allah-azwj.
فَهَذَا نَاجٍ وَ هَذِهِ الطَّبَقَةُ بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ بَيْنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ هُمْ أَعْظَمُ النَّاسِ وَ جُلُّهُمْ وَ هُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْحِسَابِ وَ الْمَوَازِينِ وَ الْأَعْرَافِ
So, this one will attain salvation, and this is a layer between the Momineen and the Mushrikeen. They are the greatest of the people, and the majestic ones, and they are people of the Reckoning, and the Scale, and the heights.
وَ الْجَهَنَّمِيُّونَ الَّذِينَ يَشْفَعُ لَهُمُ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ وَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَ يُخْرَجُونَ مِنَ النَّارِ فَيُسَمَّوْنَ الْجَهَنَّمِيِّينَ
The ‘Hell-dwellers’ (Jahannamiyoun) are those who would be interceded for by the Prophets-as, and the Angels and the Momineen-asws, and they would be exiting from the Fire, so they would name as ‘Hell-dwellers’ (in the Paradise).
فَأَمَّا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ فَيُنْجَوْنَ وَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ … بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ وَ إِنَّمَا الْحِسَابُ عَلَى أَهْلِ هَذِهِ الصِّفَاتِ بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ الْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَ الْمُقْتَرِفَةِ وَ الَّذِينَ خَلَطُوا عَمَلًا صالِحاً وَ آخَرَ سَيِّئاً
As for the Momineen, so they would be attaining salvation and entering the Paradise without any Reckoning, and rather the Reckoning is upon the people of this description, between the Momineen and the Mushrikeen, and the ones whose hearts are inclined to, and the perpetrators, and those who mingling one righteous deed and another evil one. [9:102].
وَ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ الَّذِينَ لا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ حِيلَةً وَ لا يَهْتَدُونَ سَبِيلًا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ حِيلَةَ الْكُفْرِ وَ الشِّرْكِ وَ لَا يُحْسِنُونَ أَنْ يَنْصِبُوا وَ لَا يَهْتَدُونَ سَبِيلًا إِلَى أَنْ يَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ عَارِفِينَ فَهُمْ أَصْحابُ الْأَعْرافِ
And the weak ones, those, not being capable of dodging (Kufr) nor being guided to a Way [4:98]. They are not capable of dodging the Kufr, and the Shirk nor are they good to be installed, nor are they guided to a way to become Momineen, recognisers. So, they are the companions of the Heights.
وَ هَؤُلَاءِ كُلُّهُمْ لِلَّهِ فِيهِمُ الْمَشِيَّةُ إِنْ أَدْخَلَ أَحَدَهُمُ النَّارَ فَبِذَنْبِهِ وَ إِنْ تَجَاوَزَ عَنْهُ فَبِرَحْمَتِهِ
And they, all of the, there is the Desire of Allah-azwj regarding them. If He-azwj Enters one of them into the Fire it would be due to his sin, and if He-azwj Overlooks (his sins) from him, it would be due to His-azwj Mercy’.
قُلْتُ أَ يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْعَارِفُ الدَّاعِي قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ أَ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مَنْ لَا يَعْرِفُ إِمَامَهُ قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ قُلْتُ أَ يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ إِلَّا كَافِرٌ أَوْ مُشْرِكٌ قَالَ لَا يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ إِلَّا كَافِرٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ
I-ra said, ‘Will the Momineen, the recogniser of the caller, enter the Fire?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I-ra said, ‘Will he enter the Paradise, one who does not recognise the Imamate?’ He-asws said: ‘No, except if Allah-azwj do Desires’. I-ra said, ‘Will anyone enter the Fire except a Kafir or a Mushrik?’ He-asws said: ‘No one will enter the Fire except a Kafir, except if Allah-azwj so Desires’.
قُلْتُ فَمَنْ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ مُؤْمِناً عَارِفاً بِإِمَامِهِ مُطِيعاً لَهُ أَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ هُوَ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِذَا لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ عَمِلُوا الصَّالِحاتِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ كانُوا يَتَّقُونَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ لَمْ يَلْبِسُوا إِيمانَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ
I-ra said, ‘So the one who meets Allah-azwj as a Momin, having recognised his Imam-asws, being obedient to him-asws, would he be from the people of the Paradise?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, when he meets Allah-azwj and he is a Momin. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And those who are believing and doing righteous deeds, [2:82] Those who are believing and they were fearing [10:63] Those who are believing and are not mixing their Eman with injustice. [6:82].
قُلْتُ فَمَنْ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى الْكَبَائِرِ قَالَ هُوَ فِي مَشِيَّتِهِ إِنْ عَذَّبَهُ فَبِذَنْبِهِ وَ إِنْ تَجَاوَزَ عَنْهُ فَبِرَحْمَتِهِ
I-ra said, ‘So the one from them who meets Allah-azwj upon the major sins?’ He-asws said: ‘He would be in His-azwj Desire. If He-azwj Punishes him, it would be due to his sins, and if He-azwj Overlooks from him, it would be due to His-azwj Mercy’.
قُلْتُ فَيُدْخِلُهُ النَّارَ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ بِذَنْبِهِ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ عَنَى أَنَّهُ لَهُمْ وَلِيٌّ وَ أَنَّهُ لا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ هُمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَ اللَّهَ وَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ الصَّالِحاتِ وَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَلْبِسُوا إِيمانَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ
I-ra said, ‘So he would enter the Fire and he is a Momin?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, due to his sins, because he isn’t from the Momineen, those He-azwj Meant, that they are His-azwj friends, and that there would neither be fear upon them nor would they be grieving [10:62]. They are Momineen, those who feared Allah-azwj, and those who are doing righteous deeds, [2:82] and those who are not mixing their Eman with injustice. [6:82]’’.
وَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ وَ سَلْمَانَ وَ الْمِقْدَادَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّا لَقُعُودٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مَا مَعَنَا غَيْرُنَا إِذَا رَهْطٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ كُلُّهُمْ بَدْرِيُّونَ
And from Aban, from Suleym Bin Qays who said,
‘I heard Abu Zarr-ra, and Salman-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra saying, ‘We-ra were seated in the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww, there was no one else other than us-asws, when a group of the Emigrants, all of the participants of (battle of) Badr, (passed by).
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص تَفْتَرِقُ أُمَّتِي بَعْدِي ثَلَاثَ فِرَقٍ فِرْقَةٌ عَلَى الْحَقِّ مَثَلُهُمْ كَمَثَلِ الذَّهَبِ كُلَّمَا سَبَكْتَهُ عَلَى النَّارِ ازْدَادَ طِيباً وَ جَوْدَةً إِمَامُهُمْ هَذَا أَحَدُ الثَّلَاثَةِ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘My-saww community will be dividing after me-saww into three sects. A sect would be upon the truth. Their example is like an example of the gold. Every time it is hit upon the fire, it increases in goodness and quality. Their Imam is one of the three.
وَ فِرْقَةٌ أَهْلُ بَاطِلٍ مَثَلُهُمْ كَمَثَلِ الْحَدِيدِ كُلَّمَا أَدْخَلْتَهُ النَّارَ ازْدَادَ خَبَثاً وَ نَتْناً إِمَامُهُمْ هَذَا أَحَدُ الثَّلَاثَةِ
And a sect of the people of falsehood. Their example is like an example of the iron. Every time it enters the fire, increases in wickedness and stench. Their Imam is this one of the three.
وَ فِرْقَةٌ مُذَبْذَبِينَ ضُلَّالًا لا إِلى هؤُلاءِ وَ لا إِلى هؤُلاءِ إِمَامُهُمْ هَذَا أَحَدُ الثَّلَاثَةِ
And a sect of the neither towards these ones nor towards those; [4:143]. Their imam is this one of the three’.
فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنِ الثَّلَاثَةِ فَقَالُوا إِمَامُ الْحَقِّ وَ الْهُدَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ سَعْدٌ إِمَامُ الْمُذَبْذَبِينَ وَ حَرَصْتُ أَنْ يُسَمُّوا لِيَ الثَّالِثَ فَأَبَوْا عَلَيَّ وَ عَرَّضُوا لِي حَتَّى عَرَفْتُ مَنْ يَعْنُونَ
I (Suleym) asked them-ra about the three. They-ra said, ‘The Imam-asws of the truth and the guidance is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and Sa’ad is imam of the wavering ones’. And I eager for them-ra to name for me the third, but they-ra refused unto me and they-ra turned away from me, until I recognise the one they-ra meant’’.[12]
محمد بن يعقوب: عن عدة من أصحابنا، عن سهل بن زياد، عن ابن فضال، عن علي بن عقبة، عن أبيه، قال: قال لي أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): «يا عقبة، لا يقبل الله من العباد يوم القيامة إلا هذا الأمر الذي أنتم عليه، و ما بين أحدكم و بين أن يرى ما تقربه عينه إلا أن تبلغ نفسه إلى هذه». ثم أهوى بيده إلى الوريد، ثم اتكأ
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Fazal, from Ali Bin Uqba, from his father who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said to me: ‘O Uqba! Allah-azwj will not Accept (anything) from the servant on the Day of Judgement except this matter (Al-Wilayah) which you are upon, and what is between one of you and between what would delight his eyes except that his soul reaches up to here’. Then he-asws extended his-asws hand to the jugular (vein). Then he-asws reclined.
و كان معي المعلى فغمزني أن أسأله، فقلت: يا بن رسول الله، فإذا بلغت نفسه هذه، أي شيء يرى؟ فقلت له بضع عشرة مرة: أي شيء؟ فقال في كلها: «يرى»، و لا يزيد عليها، ثم جلس في آخرها، فقال: «يا عقبة». فقلت: لبيك و سعديك. فقال: «أبيت إلا أن تعلم؟» فقلت: نعم- يا بن رسول الله- إنما ديني مع دينك، فإذا ذهب ديني كان ذلك، كيف لي بك- يا بن رسول الله- كل ساعة؟ و بكيت، فرق لي، فقال: «يراهما، و الله». فقلت: بأبي و أمي، من هما؟ قال: «ذلك رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و علي (عليه السلام)- يا عقبة- لن تموت نفس مؤمنة أبدا حتى تراهما
And with me was Al-Moala, so he winked at me that I should ask him-asws. So I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! So when his soul reaches over here, which thing does one see?’ So I said to him-asws some ten times, ‘Which thing?’ So he-asws said to me: ‘One sees’. And he-asws did not elaborate on it. Then he-asws sat at the end of it, so he-asws said: ‘O Uqba!’ So I said, ‘At your-asws service, and disposal!’ So he-asws said: ‘You only want to learn?’ So I said, ‘Yes – O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww – but rather my Religion is with your-asws Religion. If my Religion goes, how (bad) that would be. How would I be with you-asws – O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww – at that time?’ And I cried, so he-asws feared for me, so he-asws said: ‘He sees both of them-asws, by Allah-azwj!’ So I said, ‘May my father and my mother be sacrificed for you-asws, who both?’ He-asws said: ‘That is Rasool-Allah-saww, and Ali-asws – O Uqba – a soul of a Believer never dies ever until he sees them both-asws’.
قلت: فإذا نظر إليهما المؤمن، أ يرجع إلى الدنيا؟ فقال: «لا، يمضي أمامه، إذا نظر إليهما». فقلت له: يقولان شيئا؟ قال: «نعم، يدخلان جميعا على المؤمن، فيجلس رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) عند رأسه، و علي (عليه السلام) عند رجليه، فيكب عليه رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، فيقول: يا ولي- الله، أبشر، أنا رسول الله، إني خير لك مما تركت من الدنيا. ثم ينهض رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) فيقوم علي (عليه السلام) حتى يكب عليه، فيقول: يا ولي الله، أبشر أنا علي بن أبي طالب الذي كنت تحب أما لأنفعنك
I said, ‘So when the Believer looks at them-asws, does he return to the world?’ So he-asws said: ‘No! He passes away before it, when he looks at both of them-asws’. So I said to him-asws, ‘Do they both-asws say anything?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes! They both come up to the Believer together. Rasool-Allah-saww sits by his head, and Ali-asws by his feet. So Rasool-Allah-saww addresses him saying: ‘O friend of Allah-azwj! Receive good news, I-saww am Rasool-Allah-saww. I-saww am better for you than what you have left from the world’. Then Rasool-Allah-saww rises, so Ali-asws stands up until he-asws addresses him saying: ‘O friend of Allah-azwj! Receive good news, I-asws am Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws whom you used to love, and it would be of benefit for you’.
ثم قال: «إن هذا في كتاب الله عز و جل». فقلت: أين- جعلني الله فداك- هذا من كتاب الله؟ قال: «في يونس، قول الله عز و جل ها هنا: الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ كانُوا يَتَّقُونَ لَهُمُ الْبُشْرى فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا وَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لا تَبْدِيلَ لِكَلِماتِ اللَّهِ ذلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
Then he-asws said: ‘This is in the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’. So I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Make me to be sacrificed for you-asws – this is from the Book of Allah-azwj?’ He-asws said: ‘In (Surah) Yunus-as, the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic over here [10:63] Those who had believed and were pious [10:64] For them is good news in the life of the world and in the Hereafter; there is no changing the Words of Allah; that is the mighty achievement’.[13]
People of the reckoning and the intercession
يحاسبون، منهم من يغفر له ويدخله الجنة بالإقرار والتوحيد، ومنهم من يعذب في النار ثم يشفع له الملائكة والأنبياء والمؤمنون، فيخرجون من النار ويدخلون الجنة فيسمون فيها (الجهنميين) منهم أصحاب الإقرار، وليست الموازين والحساب إلا عليهم، لأن أولياء الله العارفين لله ولرسوله والحجة في أرضه وشهدائه على خلقه المقرين لهم المطيعين لهم يدخلون الجنة بغير حساب، والمعاندين لهم المنذرين المكابرين المناصبين أعداء الله يدخلون النار بغير حساب. وأما ما بين هذين، فهم جل الناس وهم أصحاب الموازين والحساب والشفاعة
They will be reckoned with. Among them will be the one for whom will be Forgiveness and he will be Made to enter the Paradise, due to their acceptance and the Oneness of Allah-azwj, and among them will be the one who will be Punished in the Fire, then there will be intercession for him from the Angels, and the Prophets-as and the Believers. They will be taken out from the Fire and will be made to enter the Paradise. Therein they will be called Hell-dwellers, among whom will be people who accepted, and there is no Scale set up and the Reckoning except for them, because the friends of Allah-azwj, the ones who recognised Allah-azwj (A’arifeen), and friends of His-azwj Messenger-saww, and the Proofs-asws on His-azwj earth and witnesses over His-azwj creation, those who accepted them-asws and obeyed them-asws, will be entering the Paradise without reckoning. And the obstinate to whom the Warners warned, and the arrogant and the Naasibis, the enemies of Allah-azwj will be entering the Fire without Reckoning. But, as for those that are in between these, and they are most of the people, and they are the people of the Scale, and the Reckoning, and the Intercession’ (an extract).[14]
The Monk pays allegiance to Amir Al-Momineen-asws
ثم قال: يا أمير المؤمنين، ابسط يدك أبايعك، فإني أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأشهد أن محمدا عبده ورسوله وأشهد أنك خليفة رسول الله في أمته ووصيه وشاهده على خلقه وحجته في أرضه، وإن الإسلام دين الله وإني أبرء من كل دين خالف دين الإسلام، فإنه دين الله الذي اصطفاه لنفسه ورضيه لأوليائه، وإنه دين عيسى بن مريم ومن كان قبله من أنبياء الله ورسله، وهو الذي دان به من مضى من آبائي. وإني أتولاك وأتولى أوليائك، وأبرء من عدوك وأتولى الأحد عشر الأئمة من ولدك وأبرء من عدوهم وممن خالفهم وبرء منهم وادعى حقهم وظلمهم من الأولين والآخرين. ثم تناول يده وبايعه
Then he said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws, extend your-asws hand so I can give allegiance to you, for I testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj, and I testify that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Messenger-saww, and I testify that you-asws are the Caliph of the Messenger of Allah-saww in his-saww community, and are his-saww successor-asws, and his-saww witness over His-azwj earth and Proof in His-azwj earth, and that Islam is the religion of Allah-azwj and I distance myself from every religion that is different to the Religion of Islam, for it is the Religion that Allah-azwj has Chosen Himself-azwj and is Pleased with it for His-azwj Guardians, and it is the Religion of Isa-as Bin Maryam-as and the ones before him-as from the Prophets-as and the Messengers-as. And this is what the ones who have passed from my forefathers had made it to be their Religion. And I hereby befriend you-asws and your-asws friends, and distance myself from your-asws enemies and befriend the eleven Imams-asws from your-asws children, and distance myself from their-asws enemies and from the ones who oppose them-asws, and distance myself from those who claimed their-asws rights, and oppressed them, be they from the former ones or the later ones. Then he took his-asws hand and gave allegiance to him-asws.
فحمد الله أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام وأثنى عليه وقال: (الحمد لله الذي لو شاء لم تختلف الأمة ولم تفترق، والحمد لله الذي لم ينسني ولم يضع أمري ولم يخمل ذكري عنده وعند أوليائه إذ صغر وخمل ذكر أولياء الشيطان وحزبه)
So, Amir Al-Momineen-asws Praised Allah-azwj and Extolled Him-azwj, and said: ‘Praise be to the One-azwj Who, had He-azwj Desired as such, there would have been no differences in the community nor would it have been separated (into sects), and Praise be to Allah-azwj Who did not Forget me-asws or let my-asws affairs go to waste, and did not Hide my-asws remembrance with Him-azwj or His-azwj Friends, even a little, and Hid the remembrance of the friends of the Satan-la and his-la group (an extract).[15]
[2] إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ {555:}
But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ( عليهما السلام ) قَالَ إِذَا مَاتَ وَلِيُّ الْمَقْتُولِ قَامَ وَلَدُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ مَقَامَهُ بِالدَّمِ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Jameel, from one of our companions, from;
One of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘When a wali (guardian) of the killed-one dies, his son stands from after him in his place, with the blood (wergild)’: Al-Kafi – V 7 – The Book of Wergilds Ch 54 H 6
[3] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 124/ 30.
[4] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 99 H 25, الكافي (ط – الإسلامية)، ج2، ص: 237
[5] تفسير العياشي، ج2، ص: 124, H. 31
[6] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 124/ 32.
[7] كمال الدين و تمام النعمة، ج2، ص: 357, H. 54
[8] Al Mahaasin – V 1 Bk 5 H 422
[9] Al Mahaasin – V 1 Bk 4 – H 95
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 8, The book of Justice, S 3, Ch 21 H 32
[11] Al Mahaasin – V 1 Bk 4 – H 187
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 1 H 22
[13] الكافي 3: 128/ 1
[14] كتاب سليم بن قيس الهلالي، ج2، ص: 612
[15] كتاب سليم بن قيس الهلالي، ج2، ص: 711