CHAPTER 48

AL-FAT’H

(The Victory)

(29 VERSES)

VERSES 1 – 29

بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ

Brief Introduction of Al-Fath (48):

Sura Al-Fath (29 verses) was revealed in Medinah.[1]

Tafseer Al-Qummi – (Re): Surely, We Opened for you a clear victory [48:1] – ‘From Abu Abdullah^-aswshaving said: ‘The reason for the Revelation of this Chapter and this great victory was that Allah^-azwj Commanded Rasool-Allah^-saww during the sleep that he^-saww should enter the Sacred Masjid and perform Tawaaf and shave his^-saww head along with the shavers. So he^-saww informed his^-saww companions and ordered them with the going out. So, they came out in large numbers but had to return after signing a treaty (Hudaybiyya) to come for Hajj the following year (see the rest of the Hadith in Appendix I and for further details: https://hubeali.com/article/hudaybiyya-treaty/).

‘It was asked from Abu Ja’far^-asws (5^th Imam): ‘The Words of Allah^-azwj in His^-azwj Book: For Allah to Forgive your (community) what has preceded and what to follow from (their) sins [48:2]. He^-asws said: ‘There was neither any sin for him^-saww nor did he^-saww even think of a sin, but Allah^-azwj Loaded the sins of his^-saww Shias upon him^-saww, then Forgave these for him^-saww’’.^[2]

From Abu Abdullah^-asws, from Amir Al-Momineen Ali^-asws having said: ‘When it was Revealed unto Rasool-Allah^-saww: For Allah to Forgive your (community) what has preceded from your sins and what is delayed, [48:2], he^-saww said: ‘O Jibraeel^-as! What are the sins of the past?’ And what are the remaining sins?’ Jibraeel^-as said: ‘There isn’t any sin for you^-saww to be Forgiven for you^-saww’’.^[3]

‘A man said to Abu Abdullah^-asws, ‘Didn’t Ali^-asws happen to be strong in his^-asws body, strong regarding the Commands of Allah^-azwj?’ Abu Abdullah^-asws said: ‘Yes’.

He said, ‘So what prevented him^-asws from defending or preventing?’ He^-asws said: ‘You have asked, so understand the answer. Ali^-asws was prevented from that by a Verse from the Book of Allah^-azwj’. He said, ‘Which Verse?’

He (the narrator) said, ‘He^-asws recited: If they had been apart, We would have Punished those who committed Kufr from them with a painful Punishment [48:25]. It was for (the fact that) Allah^-azwj Deposited (seeds of) Momineen in the loins of the Kafir and hypocrite people, thus it was not going happen that Ali^-asws would happen to kill the forefathers, until (such time as) the deposits emerge (are born).

When it emerged from a back it had been deposited in, he^-asws killed him, and similar to that would be our^-asws Qaim^-asws, People^-asws of the Household. He^-asws will never appear, ever, until the deposits of Allah^-azwj have (all) come out. So, when it comes out from a back it had been deposited it, he^-asws would kill him’’.^[4]

‘From Abu Abdullah^-asws (he the narrator said), ‘I said to him^-asws, ‘What is the matter Amir Al-Momineen^-asws did not fight so and so, and so and so, and so and so?’

He^-asws said: ‘Due to a Verse in the Book of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: If they had been apart, We would have Punished those who committed Kufr from them with a painful Punishment [48:25]’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘And what prevented him^-asws removing them?’

He^-asws said: ‘Deposits of Momineen in the lineages of the Kafir people, and similar to that (is the case of) Al-Qaim^-asws. He^-asws will never appear, ever, until the deposits of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic come out. So when a back throws out from a back of the enemies of Allah^-azwj, he^-asws would kill them’’.^[5]

MERITS

ابن بابويه: بإسناده، عن عبد الله بن بكير، عن أبيه، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال: «حصنوا أموالكم و نساءكم و ما ملكت أيمانكم من التلف بقراءة: إِنَّا فَتَحْنا، فإنه من كان يدمن قراءتها نادى مناد يوم القيامة حتى يسمع الخلائق: أنت من عباد الله المخلصين، ألحقوه بالصالحين من عبادي، و أسكنوه جنات النعيم، و اسقوه من الرحيق المختوم بمزاج الكافور».

Ibn Babuwayh, by his chain, from Abdullah Bin Bakeyr, from his father,

‘Abu Abdullah^-asws has said: ‘Fortify your wealth, and your womenfolk, and whatever your right hands possess, from the damage, by reciting (Surah Al-Fat’h – Chapter 48), for the one who is habitual in reciting it, a Caller would Call out on the Day of Judgement to the extent that the creatures would hear it: “You are from the sincere worshippers of Allah^-azwj! Join up with the righteous ones from My^-azwj servants”, and settle him in the Blissful Gardens, and quench him from the Sealed Nectar the admixture of which is the camphor’.[6]

و من (خواص القرآن): روي عن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) أنه قال: «من قرأ هذه السورة، كتب الله له من الثواب كمن بايع النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) تحت الشجرة و أوفى ببيعته، و كمن شهد مع النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) يوم فتح مكة

And from Khawas Al-Quran –

It has been reported from the Prophet^-saww having said: ‘The one who recites this Chapter (Sarah Al-Fat’h), Allah^-azwj would Write for him the Recompense of the one who pledged his allegiance to the Prophet^-saww under the tree and was loyal to his pledge, and as the one who was with the Prophet^-saww on the Day of the Conquest of Makkah.

و من كتبها و جعلها تحت رأسه أمن من اللصوص

And one who writes it, and makes it to be under his head, would be safe from the thieves.

و من كتبها في صحيفة و غسلها بماء زمزم و شربها، كان عند الناس مسموع القول، و لا يسمع شيئا يمر عليه إلا وعاه و حفظه

And one who writes it in a parchment, and washes with the water of Zamzam and drinks it, would be a listening one in the presence of the people, and he will not hear anything which passes by him except that he would retain it and memorise it’.[7]

و قال الصادق (عليه السلام): «من كتبها و جعلها في وقت محاربة أو خصومة أمن من جميع ذلك، و فتح عليه باب الخير

Al-Sadiq^-asws said: ‘The one who writes it (Surah Al-Fat’h) and makes it to be during the time of fighting and disputes, would be secure from all of that, and the door of the goodness would be Opened for him.

و من شرب ماءها للرجف و الرعب، يسكن الرجف و يطلقه

And one who drinks its water for the tremors and the fear, the tremors would settle.

و من قرأها في ركوب البحر، أمن من الغرق بإذن الله تعالى

And one, who recites it during sailing in the sea, would be safe from the drowning. By the Permission of Allah^-azwj’.[8]

VERSES 1 & 2

إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا لَكَ فَتْحًا مُبِينًا {1}

Surely, We Opened for you a clear victory [48:1]

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (عليه السلام) قَالَ لَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فِي غَزْوَةِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ خَرَجَ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي أَحْرَمَ فِيهِ أَحْرَمُوا وَ لَبِسُوا السِّلَاحَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَدْ أَرْسَلُوا إِلَيْهِ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ لِيَرُدَّهُ قَالَ ابْغُونِي رَجُلًا يَأْخُذُنِي عَلَى غَيْرِ هَذَا الطَّرِيقِ فَأُتِيَ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ أَوْ مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ فَسَأَلَهُ فَلَمْ يُوَافِقْهُ

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, and someone else, from Muawiya Bin Ammaar, who has reported the following:

Abu Abdullah^-asws has said; ‘When Rasool-Allah^-saww went out in a military expedition of Al-Hudaybiyya, it was the Month of Ziqaad. When he^-saww ended up at the place in which Ihram had to be worn, they did so and wore their weapons as well. So when it (news) reached the Polytheists, they sent to him^-saww Khalid Bin Waleed to turn him^-saww back. He^-saww said: ‘Bring me a man who can take me^-saww via a different road to this one’. So they came with a man from Muzaynat or from Juhaynat. He^-saww asked him, but he did not agree.

فَقَالَ ابْغُونِي رَجُلًا غَيْرَهُ فَأُتِيَ بِرَجُلٍ آخَرَ إِمَّا مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ وَ إِمَّا مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ قَالَ فَذَكَرَ لَهُ فَأَخَذَهُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى الْعَقَبَةِ فَقَالَ مَنْ يَصْعَدْهَا حَطَّ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كَمَا حَطَّ اللَّهُ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ ادْخُلُوا الْبابَ سُجَّداً… نَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ خَطاياكُمْ

The he^-saww said; ‘Bring me^-saww with a man other than him’. So they came with another man from Muzaynat, or from Juhaynat. He said, ‘I remember it. So he took them with him until they ended up at Al-Uqba. He^-saww said: ‘The one who climbs it, Allah^-azwj would Forgive him just as He^-azwj Forgave the Children of Israel, where He^-azwj Said: and enter into the door performing Sajdah, We will Forgive your mistakes for you.’ [7:161]’.

قَالَ فَابْتَدَرَهَا خَيْلُ الْأَنْصَارِ الْأَوْسِ وَ الْخَزْرَجِ قَالَ وَ كَانُوا أَلْفاً وَ ثَمَانَمِائَةٍ فَلَمَّا هَبَطُوا إِلَى الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ إِذَا امْرَأَةٌ مَعَهَا ابْنُهَا عَلَى الْقَلِيبِ فَسَعَى ابْنُهَا هَارِباً فَلَمَّا أَثْبَتَتْ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) صَرَخَتْ بِهِ هَؤُلَاءِ الصَّابِئُونَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ مِنْهُمْ بَأْسٌ

The cavalry of the Helpers, Al-Aws, and Al-Khazraj initiated the advance, and they were one thousand eight hundred of them. When they descended to Al-Hudaybiyya, there was a woman who had her son with her at Al-Quleyb, but her son ran away. So when she established that it was the Rasool Allah^-saww, she shouted, ‘These are Al-Sa’ibun, there is no problem to you from them’.

فَأَتَاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فَأَمَرَهَا فَاسْتَقَتْ دَلْواً مِنْ مَاءٍ فَأَخَذَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فَشَرِبَ وَ غَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ فَأَخَذَتْ فَضْلَتَهُ فَأَعَادَتْهُ فِي الْبِئْرِ فَلَمْ تَبْرَحْ حَتَّى السَّاعَةِ

Rasool Allah^-saww came up to her and asked her to draw a bucket of water. Then Rasool Allah^-saww took it, drank, and washed his^-saww face. She took its remaining bit and returned it back in the well. That well still has water until this time.

وَ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ الْمُشْرِكُونَ أَبَانَ بْنَ سَعِيدٍ فِي الْخَيْلِ فَكَانَ بِإِزَائِهِ ثُمَّ أَرْسَلُوا الْحُلَيْسَ فَرَأَى الْبُدْنَ وَ هِيَ تَأْكُلُ بَعْضُهَا أَوْبَارَ بَعْضٍ فَرَجَعَ وَ لَمْ يَأْتِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) وَ قَالَ لِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا عَلَى هَذَا حَالَفْنَاكُمْ عَلَى أَنْ تَرُدُّوا الْهَدْيَ عَنْ مَحِلِّهِ فَقَالَ اسْكُتْ فَإِنَّمَا أَنْتَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ فَقَالَ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَتُخَلِّيَنَّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مَا أَرَادَ أَوْ لَأَنْفَرِدَنَّ فِي الْأَحَابِيشِ فَقَالَ اسْكُتْ حَتَّى نَأْخُذَ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَلْثاً

And Rasool Allah^-saww came out, and the Polytheists sent to him^-saww Aban Bin Saeed with some horsemen in front of them. Then they sent Al-Hulays, but he saw the animals being prepared for sacrifice, he returned and did not come to the Rasool Allah^-saww, and said to Abu Sufyan: ‘By Allah^-azwj, it was not this that we agreed upon, to return the sacrifices from its place’. He said, ‘Be quiet! For you are only a Bedouin’. He said, ‘But, by Allah^-azwj, stay away from Muhammad^-saww and what he^-saww wants, or else I shall revolt among Al-Ahabeysh’. He said, ‘Keep quiet until we take an agreement from Muhammad^-saww’.

فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَيْهِ عُرْوَةَ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ وَ قَدْ كَانَ جَاءَ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ فِي الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ أَصَابَهُمُ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ كَانَ خَرَجَ مَعَهُمْ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ وَ كَانُوا تُجَّاراً فَقَتَلَهُمْ وَ جَاءَ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فَأَبَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) أَنْ يَقْبَلَهَا وَ قَالَ هَذَا غَدْرٌ وَ لَا حَاجَةَ لَنَا فِيهِ فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَذَا عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ قَدْ أَتَاكُمْ وَ هُوَ يُعَظِّمُ الْبُدْنَ

So, they sent Urwat Bin Masoud to him^-saww and he had gone to the Quraysh regarding the people whom Al-Mugheira Bin Soh’ba had killed when they had gone with him from Al-Taef, and they used to be businessmen. So he (al-Mugheira) killed them and had come with their wealth to the Rasool Allah^-saww. But, Rasool Allah^-saww had refused to accept it and said; ‘This is treachery, and we^-saww have no need with regards to it’. They sent a message to him^-saww and they said, ‘O Rasool Allah^-saww, this is Urwat Bin Masoud who has come to you, and he magnifies the sacrifices’.

قَالَ فَأَقِيمُوهَا فَأَقَامُوهَا فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَجِي‏ءَ مَنْ جِئْتَ قَالَ جِئْتُ أَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ وَ أَسْعَى بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ أَنْحَرُ هَذِهِ الْإِبِلَ وَ أُخَلِّي عَنْكُمْ عَنْ لُحْمَانِهَا

He^-saww said: ‘Make him stand here’. They brought him to stand. He said, ‘O Muhammad^-saww, why have you^-saww come?’ He^-saww said: ‘I^-saww have come to perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah), and perform Sa’ee between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa, and sacrifice this camel and leave its meat for you’.

قَالَ لَا وَ اللَّاتِ وَ الْعُزَّى فَمَا رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَكَ رُدَّ عَمَّا جِئْتَ لَهُ إِنَّ قَوْمَكَ يُذَكِّرُونَكَ اللَّهَ وَ الرَّحِمَ أَنْ تَدْخُلَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِلَادَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِمْ وَ أَنْ تَقْطَعَ أَرْحَامَهُمْ وَ أَنْ تُجَرِّيَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَدُوَّهُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) مَا أَنَا بِفَاعِلٍ حَتَّى أَدْخُلَهَا قَالَ وَ كَانَ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ حِينَ كَلَّمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) تَنَاوَلَ لِحْيَتَهُ وَ الْمُغِيرَةُ قَائِمٌ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ

He said, ‘No, I swear by Al-Laat and Al-Uzza, a person like you^-saww should not be sent back from what he has come for, if your^-saww people adjure you^-saww to Allah^-azwj and the mercy, to enter their city without their permission, and cut-off their relationships, and make enemies to go against them’. So Rasool Allah^-saww said: ‘I^-saww will not do it until I^-saww enter the city’. And when Urwat Bin Masoud was speaking with the Rasool Allah^-saww, he was holding his beard, and Al-Mugheira was standing near to his head.

فَضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ مَنْ هَذَا يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَقَالَ هَذَا ابْنُ أَخِيكَ الْمُغِيرَةُ فَقَالَ يَا غُدَرُ وَ اللَّهِ مَا جِئْتَ إِلَّا فِي غَسْلِ سَلْحَتِكَ قَالَ فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ لِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَ مُحَمَّدٍ رُدَّ عَمَّا جَاءَ لَهُ

He hit him by his hand and said, ‘Who is this, O Muhammad^-saww! So he^-saww said: ‘This is the son of your brother, Al-Mugheira’. He said, ‘O treachery! By Allah^-azwj, I did not come here except for the reconciliation with you^-saww’. Then he returned to them and said to Abu Sufyan and his companions, ‘No, by Allah^-azwj, a person like Muhammad^-saww should not be turned back from what he has come for’.

فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَيْهِ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو وَ حُوَيْطِبَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فَأُثِيرَتْ فِي وُجُوهِهِمُ الْبُدْنُ فَقَالَا مَجِي‏ءَ مَنْ جِئْتَ قَالَ جِئْتُ لِأَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَ أَسْعَى بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ أَنْحَرَ الْبُدْنَ وَ أُخَلِّيَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَ بَيْنَ لُحْمَانِهَا فَقَالَا إِنَّ قَوْمَكَ يُنَاشِدُونَكَ اللَّهَ وَ الرَّحِمَ أَنْ تَدْخُلَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِلَادَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِمْ وَ تَقْطَعَ أَرْحَامَهُمْ وَ تُجَرِّيَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَدُوَّهُمْ

Then they sent Suhail Bin Amro and Huweytab Bin Abdul Uzza to him^-saww. So Rasool Allah^-saww commanded for the sacrificial animals to be spread out in front of their eyes. He said, ‘Why have you^-saww come here?’ He^-saww said: ‘For performing Tawaaf of the House (Kabah), and the Sa’ee between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa, and sacrifice the animals and leave their meat between you’. If your^-saww people bind you^-saww to Allah^-azwj and the mercy from entering their city without their permission, and cut-off their relationships, and make their enemies to go against them’.

قَالَ فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) إِلَّا أَنْ يَدْخُلَهَا وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) أَرَادَ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ عُمَرَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ عَشِيرَتِي قَلِيلٌ وَ إِنِّي فِيهِمْ عَلَى مَا تَعْلَمُ وَ لَكِنِّي أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ

He^-asws said; ‘Rasool Allah^-saww refused the two of them, except that he^-saww would enter it. And Rasool Allah^-saww had intended to send Umar to them, but he said, ‘O Rasool Allah^-saww, my relatives are few, and I am among them of the status that you^-saww know about (a humiliating one). You^-saww should send Usman Bin Affan’.

فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فَقَالَ انْطَلِقْ إِلَى قَوْمِكَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِمَا وَعَدَنِي رَبِّي مِنْ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ فَلَمَّا انْطَلَقَ عُثْمَانُ لَقِيَ أَبَانَ بْنَ سَعِيدٍ فَتَأَخَّرَ عَنِ السَّرْحِ فَحَمَلَ عُثْمَانَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ دَخَلَ عُثْمَانُ فَأَعْلَمَهُمْ وَ كَانَتِ الْمُنَاوَشَةُ فَجَلَسَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) وَ جَلَسَ عُثْمَانُ فِي عَسْكَرِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ

Rasool Allah^-saww sent for him and said, ‘Go to your people from the Momineen. Give them the good news of what my^-saww Lord^-azwj has Promised me^-saww of the victory over Makkah’. So when Usman went, he met Aban Bin Saeed, and he delayed the camel and made room for Usman to ride with him. Usman entered (Makkah) and there was a skirmish. So Suhail Bin Amro seated himself in the presence of the Rasool Allah^-saww, and Usman sat in the army of the Polytheists.

وَ بَايَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ ضَرَبَ بِإِحْدَى يَدَيْهِ عَلَى الْأُخْرَى لِعُثْمَانَ وَ قَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ طُوبَى لِعُثْمَانَ قَدْ طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَ سَعَى بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ أَحَلَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) مَا كَانَ لِيَفْعَلَ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ عُثْمَانُ قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) أَ طُفْتَ بِالْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ مَا كُنْتُ لِأَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) لَمْ يَطُفْ بِهِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْقِصَّةَ وَ مَا كَانَ فِيهَا

And Rasool Allah^-saww got the Muslims to pledge their allegiances and tap one by his hand upon the other and Muslims said: ‘How good of Usman that he has performed Tawaaf the House and performed Sa’ee between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa and be lawful (out of Ihraam)’. So the Rasool Allah^-saww said: ‘He did what he had to do’. So when Usman came, the Rasool Allah^-saww said to him; ‘Did you perform Tawaaf of the House?’ He said, ‘I could not perform the House while Rasool Allah^-saww had not performed Tawaaf of it’. Then he mentioned the story and what had happened’.

فَقَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ (عليه السلام) اكْتُبْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ مَا أَدْرِي مَا الرَّحْمَنُ الرَّحِيمُ إِلَّا أَنِّي أَظُنُّ هَذَا الَّذِي بِالْيَمَامَةِ وَ لَكِنِ اكْتُبْ كَمَا نَكْتُبُ بِاسْمِكَ اللَّهُمَّ قَالَ وَ اكْتُبْ هَذَا مَا قَاضَى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ فَعَلَى مَا نُقَاتِلُكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَقَالَ أَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَالَ اكْتُبْ فَكَتَبَ هَذَا مَا قَاضَى عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ

He^-saww said to Ali^-asws: ‘Write – In the Name of Allah^-azwj, the Beneficent, the Merciful’. Suhail said, ‘I don’t know what the Beneficent, the Merciful is except that I think this is the one at Al-Yamama. But, write as we write – ‘By Your^-azwj Name, O Allah^-azwj’. He^-saww said; ‘And write this – What has been agreed upon by the Rasool Allah^-saww and Suhail Bin Amro’. But Suhail said, ‘What are we fighting you^-saww for, O Muhammad^-saww?’ He^-saww said: ‘I^-saww and Rasool Allah^-saww and I^-saww am Muhammad^-saww bin Abdullah^-asws’. The people said: ‘You^-saww are Rasool Allah^-saww’. He said, ‘Write – Write that this is what has been agreed upon by Muhammad^-saww Bin Abdullah^-asws’. The people said: ‘You^-saww are Rasool Allah^-saww’.

وَ كَانَ فِي الْقَضِيَّةِ أَنَّ مَنْ كَانَ مِنَّا أَتَى إِلَيْكُمْ رَدَدْتُمُوهُ إِلَيْنَا وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ غَيْرُ مُسْتَكْرِهٍ عَنْ دِينِهِ وَ مَنْ جَاءَ إِلَيْنَا مِنْكُمْ لَمْ نَرُدَّهُ إِلَيْكُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) لَا حَاجَةَ لَنَا فِيهِمْ وَ عَلَى أَنْ يُعْبَدَ اللَّهُ فِيكُمْ عَلَانِيَةً غَيْرَ سِرٍّ وَ إِنْ كَانُوا لَيَتَهَادَوْنَ السُّيُورَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ

And what was in the agreement that – ‘The one who was from us, if he were to come to you, shall be returned back to us and the Rasool Allah^-saww will not keep him unwillingly from his religion, and the one who comes to us from you will not be returned back to you’. So Rasool Allah^-saww said: ‘There is no need for us regarding them, and they should be allowed to worship Allah^-azwj among you openly, not in secret, and be allowed to exchange gifts between Al-Medina to Makkah’.

وَ مَا كَانَتْ قَضِيَّةٌ أَعْظَمُ بَرَكَةً مِنْهَا لَقَدْ كَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَوْلِيَ عَلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ الْإِسْلَامُ فَضَرَبَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَلَى أَبِي جَنْدَلٍ ابْنِهِ فَقَالَ أَوَّلُ مَا قَاضَيْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) وَ هَلْ قَاضَيْتُ عَلَى شَيْ‏ءٍ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا كُنْتَ بِغَدَّارٍ

And there was no agreement more magnificent in Blessings than it for it made Al-Islam to almost take over the people of Makkah. So Suhail Bin Amro struck his hand upon his son Abu Jandal, and he said, ‘The first of what we have agreed with you’. Rasool Allah^-saww said: ‘Have I^-saww applied the agreement upon anything yet?’ He said, ‘O Muhammad^-saww! You^-saww are not a traitor’.

قَالَ فَذَهَبَ بِأَبِي جَنْدَلٍ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَدْفَعُنِي إِلَيْهِ قَالَ وَ لَمْ أَشْتَرِطْ لَكَ قَالَ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ لِأَبِي جَنْدَلٍ مَخْرَجاً.

So he went with Abu Jandal’, and he said, ‘O Rasool Allah^-saww, you^-saww are handing me over to him?’ He^-saww said: ‘And I^-saww did not set any conditions for you’. And said: ‘O Allah^-azwj! Make a way out for Abu Jandal!’[9]

لِيَغْفِرَ لَكَ اللَّهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِكَ وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ وَيُتِمَّ نِعْمَتَهُ عَلَيْكَ وَيَهْدِيَكَ صِرَاطًا مُسْتَقِيمًا {2}

For Allah to Forgive your (community) what has preceded and what to follow from (their) sins, and Complete His Favour upon you and Guide you on a Straight Path [48:2]

تميم القرشي، عن أبيه، عن حمدان بن سليمان، عن علي بن محمد بن الجهم قال: سأل المأمون الرضا عليه السلام عن قول الله عزوجل: ” ليغفر لك الله ما تقدم من ذنبك وما تأخر “

Tameem Al Qarshy, from his father, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al Jahm who said,

‘Al-Mamoun asked Al-Reza^-asws about the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: For Allah to Forgive your (community) what has preceded and what to follow from (their) sins [48:2].

قال الرضا عليه السلام: لم يكن أحد عند مشركي أهل مكة أعظم ذنبا من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله، لانهم كانوا يعبدون من دون الله ثلاثمائة وستين صنما، فلما جاءهم بالدعوة إلى كلمة الاخلاص كبر ذلك عليهم وعظم، وقالوا: ” أجعل الآلهة إلها واحدا إن هذا لشئ عجاب * وانطلق الملا منهم أن امشوا واصبروا على آلهتكم إن هذا الشئ يراد * ما سمعنا بهذا في الملة الآخرة إن هذا إلا اختلاق

Al-Reza^-asws said: ‘There did not happen to be anyone in the presence of the Polytheists of Makkah of greater wrong than Rasool-Allah^-saww, because they were worshipping three hundred and sixty idols from besides Allah^-azwj. When he^-saww came to them with the call to the sincere Word, that was grievous upon them and too much, and they said, ‘Is he making the gods to be One God? Surely this is a strange thing!’ [38:5] And the chiefs from them went (on saying), ‘Walk away and be steadfast upon your gods, this is something aimed against you [38:6] We did not hear of this being in other nations. Surely this is only a fabrication’ [38:7].

فلما فتح الله عزوجل على نبيه محمد صلى الله عليه وآله مكة قال له يا محمد: ” إنا فتحنا لك ” مكة ” فتحا مبينا * ليغفر لك الله ما تقدم من ذنبك وما تأخر ” عند مشركي أهل مكة بدعاءك إلى توحيد الله عز وجل فيما تقدم وما تأخر، لان مشركي مكة أسلم بعضهم وخرج بعضهم عن مكة، ومن بقي منهم لم يقدر على إنكار التوحيد عليه إذا دعا الناس إليه

When Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Gave victory of Makkah to his^-saww Prophet^-saww, Said to him^-saww: “O Muhammad^-saww! Surely, We Opened for you – Makkah, a clear victory [48:1] For Allah to Forgive you what has preceded from your sins and what is delayed, [48:2], in the presence of the Polytheists of Makkah with your^-saww calling to the Tawheed of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic, regarding what has preceded and what is delayed, because the Polytheists of Makkah, some of them became Muslims, and some of them went out from Makkah, and the ones from them who remained were not able upon denying the Tawheed to him^-saww when he^-saww called the people to it.

فصار ذنبه عندهم في ذلك مغفورا بظهوره عليهم

Thus his^-saww ‘sins’ (wrongs) in their presence during that were forgiven by his^-saww appearance to them’.

فقال المأمون: لله درك يا أبا الحسن، فأخبرني عن قول الله عزوجل: ” عفا الله عنك لم أذنت لهم

Al-Mamoun said, ‘For Allah^-azwj is to Give realisation, O Abu Al-Hassan^-asws! inform me about the Words of Allah^-azwj the Exalted: May Allah Pardon you! Why did you permit for [9:43]?’. Inform me about the Words of Allah^-azwj the Exalted: May Allah Pardon you! Why did you permit for [9:43]?’

قال الرضا عليه السلام: هذا مما نزل بإياك أعني و اسمعي يا جارة، خاطب الله عزوجل بذلك نبيه صلى الله عليه واله وأراد به امته، وكذلك قوله عزوجل: ” لئن أشركت ليحبطن عملك ولتكونن من الخاسرين ” وقوله عزوجل: ” ولولا أن ثبتناك لقد كدت تركن إليهم شيئا قليلا ” قال: صدقت يا ابن رسول الله

Al-Reza^-asws said: ‘This is from what was Revealed to Mean you, and for the neighbours to listen. Allah^-azwj Addresses His^-azwj Prophet^-saww by that, and Intends by it his^-saww community. And similar to that are His^-azwj Words: ‘If you associate (anything with Allah), your deeds would be Confiscated and you would become from the losers [39:65]. And the Words of the Exalted: And had We not Affirmed you, you would have almost inclined towards them something little [17:74]’. He said, ‘You^-asws have spoken the truth, O son^-asws of Rasool-Allah^-saww’’.^[10]

Infallibility of the Prophets^-as and their^-as successors^-as

في كتاب الخصال عن الاعمش عن جعفر بن محمد عليهما السلام قال: هذا شرايع الدين إلى ان قال عليه السلام: والانبياء واوصياؤهم لا ذنوب لهم، لانهم معصومون مطهرون

In the book Al-Khisal, from Al-Amsh,

‘Ja’far^-asws Bin Muhammad^-asws has said: ‘These are the Laws of the Religion’ – until he^-asws said: ‘And the Prophets^-as, and their^-as successors^-as, there are no sins to them, because they^-as are (all) Infallible, Purified’.[11]

علي بن إبراهيم: حدثنا محمد بن جعفر، قال: حدثنا محمد بن أحمد، عن محمد بن الحسين، عن علي بن النعمان، عن علي بن أيوب، عن عمر بن يزيد بياع السابري، قال: قلت لأبي عبد الله (عليه السلام): قول الله في كتابه: لِيَغْفِرَ لَكَ اللَّهُ ما تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِكَ وَ ما تَأَخَّرَ، قال: «ما كان له ذنب، و لا هم بذنب، و لكن الله حمله ذنوب شيعته ثم غفرها له

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Ali Bin Al-No’man, from Ali Bin Ayoub, from Umar Bin Yazeed who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah^-asws, ‘(What about) the Words of Allah^-azwj in His^-azwj Book That Allah may forgive your community their past faults and those to follow [48:2]. He^-asws said: ‘There was no sin on him^-saww, nor was he^-saww with a sin, but Allah^-azwj burdened him^-saww with the sins of his^-saww Shias, then Forgave them for his^-saww sake’.[12]

قال شرف الدين النجفي: و يؤيده ما روي مرفوعا عن أبي الحسن الثالث (عليه السلام): أنه سئل عن قول الله عز و جل: لِيَغْفِرَ لَكَ اللَّهُ ما تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِكَ وَ ما تَأَخَّرَ، فقال (عليه السلام): و أي ذنب كان لرسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) متقدما أو متأخرا؟ و إنما حمله الله ذنوب شيعة علي (عليه السلام)، من مضى منهم و من بقي، ثم غفرها له

Sharaf Al-Deen Al-Najafi said,

‘And it is supported by what has been reported from Abu Al-Hassan^-asws the Third having said about the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: That Allah may forgive your community their past faults and those to follow [48:2], so he^-asws said: ‘And which sin was committed by Rasool-Allah^-saww, before or after?’ But rather, Allah^-azwj Burdened him^-saww with the sins of the Shias of Ali^-asws, from the past among them and the ones who remain, then Forgave them on his^-saww behalf’.[13]

الطبرسي: روى المفضل بن عمر، عن الصادق (عليه السلام)، قال: سأله رجل، عن هذه الآية، فقال: «و الله ما كان له ذنب، و لكن الله سبحانه ضمن له أن يغفر ذنوب شيعة علي (عليه السلام) ما تقدم من ذنبهم و ما تأخر

Al-Tabarsy – It has been reported by Al-Mufazzal-Bin Umar,

‘A man asked Al-Sadiq^-asws about this Verse, so he^-asws said: ‘By Allah^-azwj, there was no sin for him^-saww, but Allah^-azwj the Glorious, Guaranteed him^-saww that He^-azwj would Forgive the sins of the Shias of Ali^-asws, whatever had preceded from their sins and whatever is to follow’.[14]

The sins of the Momin

وروى الشيخ أبو جعفر الطوسي (قدس الله روحه) عن رجاله، عن زيد بن يونس الشحام، عن أبي الحسن موسى بن جعفر عليه السلام قال: قلت لابي الحسن عليه السلام: الرجل من مواليكم عاق يشرب الخمر، ويرتكب الموبق من الذنب نتبرأ منه ؟ فقال: تبرؤوا من فعله ولا تتبرؤوا من خيره وابغضوا عمله

And Al-Sheykh Abu Ja’far Al-Toosy has reported from his men, from Zayd Bin Yunus Al-Shahaam,

‘From Abu Al-Hassan^-asws Musa Bin Ja’far^-asws. I said to Abu Al-Hassan^-asws, ‘The man from ones in your^-asws Wilayah is not hindered from drinking wine, and overcomes the barrier of committing sins. Shall we disavow from him?’ He^-asws said: ‘Disavow from his actions and do not disavow from his goodness, but hate his actions’.

فقلت: يتسع لنا أن نقول: فاسق فاجر ؟ فقال: لا، الفاسق الفاجر الكافر الجاحد لنا ولاوليائنا، أبى الله أن يكون ولينا فاسقا فاجرا، وإن عمل ما عمل، ولكنكم قولوا: فاسق العمل فاجر العمل مؤمن النفس، خبيث الفعل طيب الروح والبدن لا والله لا يخرج ولينا من الدنيا إلا والله ورسوله ونحن عنه راضون

So I said, ‘Is there leeway for us that we should be saying, ‘Evil-doer, immoral?’ So he^-asws said: ‘No. The evil-doer, immoral is the Kafir who fights against us^-asws and our^-asws friends. Allah^-azwj had refused that our^-aswsfriend should be an evil-doer, immoral, even if he does what he does. But, you all should be saying, ‘Evil in his actions, immoral in his actions, a Momin in his self. Bad of action, good of the soul and the body. No, by Allah^-azwj! One in our^-asws Wilayah does not exit from the world except that Allah^-azwj and His^-azwj Rasool^-saww, and we^-asws are pleased with him.

يحشره الله على ما فيه من الذنوب مبيضا وجهه، مستورة عورته، آمنة روعته، لا خوف عليه ولا حزن. وذلك أنه لا يخرج من الدنيا حتى يصفى من الذنوب، إما بمصيبة في مال أو نفس أو ولد أو مرض، وأدنى ما يصنع بولينا أن يريه الله رؤيا مهولة فيصبح حزينا لما رآه، فيكون ذلك كفارة له، أو خوفا يرد عليه من أهل دولة الباطل، أو يشدد عليه عند الموت

Allah^-azwj would resurrect him upon what he is in from the sins, as white of face, veiled of private parts, secure and in splendour, neither will there be any fear for him nor any grief. And that is because he will not exit from the world until he is clear from the sins, by difficulties in wealth, or self (esteem), or children, or illness. And the least of what our^-asws friend does, Allah^-azwj Shows him an alarming nightmare and he would be grieved at what he had seen. So all that would become an expiation for him. Or he would experience fear from the authorities of the government of the falsehood, or he would have difficulties during his death.

فيلقى الله عزوجل طاهرا من الذنوب، آمنة روعتة بمحمد وأمير المؤمنين، صلوات الله عليهما. ثم يكون أمامه أحد الامرين: رحمة الله الواسعة التي هي أوسع من أهل الارض جميعا، أو شفاعة محمد وأمير المؤمنين، صلوات الله عليهما، إن أخطأته رحمة الله أدركته شفاعة نبيه وأمير المؤمنين، صلوات الله عليهما، فعندها تصيبه رحمة الله الواسعة، وكان أحق بها وأهلها وله إحسانها وفضلها

Thus, he would meet Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic having been purified from the sins, secure and in splendour due to Muhammad^-saww and Amir-al-Momineen^-asws. Then there will be one of the two matters in front of him – The Extensive Mercy of Allah^-azwj, which is more extensive than all of the inhabitants of the earth, or the intercession of Muhammad^-saww and Amir Al-Momineen^-asws. If the Mercy of Allah^-azwj does not reach him, the intercession of His^-azwj Prophet^-saww and Amir-Al-Momineen^-asws will. Then would come upon him the Extensive Mercy of Allah^-azwj, and he would have been rightful of it, and deserving of it, and for him would be its goodness and its virtues’.[15]

VERSES 3 – 6

وَيَنْصُرَكَ اللَّهُ نَصْرًا عَزِيزًا {3}

And Allah will Help you with a Mighty Help [48:3]

See more in Appendix II: Ahadeeth under VERSE 2:153

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اسْتَعِينُوا بِالصَّبْرِ وَالصَّلَاةِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ {153}

O you those who are believing! And seek assistance with the patience and the Salat; surely Allah is with the patient ones [2:153]

هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لِيَزْدَادُوا إِيمَانًا مَعَ إِيمَانِهِمْ ۗ وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا {4}

He is the One Who Sent down the tranquillity into the hearts of the Momineen in order to increase Eman along with their Eman, and for Allah are the armies of the skies and the earth, and Allah was always Knowing, Wise [48:4]

و عنه: عن علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن ابن أبي عمير، عن حفص بن البختري و هشام بن سالم و غيرهما، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، في قوله الله عز و جل: هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، قال: «هو الإيمان

And from him, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hafs Bin Al-Bakhtary and Hisham Bin Saalim and someone else,

‘Abu Abdullah^-asws regarding the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: He is the One Who Sent down the tranquillity into the hearts of the Momineen [48:4], he^-asws said: ‘It is the Eman’.[16]

ابن شهر آشوب: عن الباقر (عليه السلام) أنها نزلت في علي (عليه السلام)

Ibn Shehr Ashub,

(It has been narrated) from Al-Baqir^-asws having said: ‘It was Revealed regarding Ali^-asws’.^[17]

العياشي: عن صفوان الجمال، قال: قال أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): «لما نزلت هذه الآية بالولاية، أمر رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) بالدوحات- دوحات غدير خم- فقمت، ثم نودي الصلاة جامعة. ثم قال: أيها الناس، أ لست أولى بكم من أنفسكم؟ قالوا: بلى. قال: فمن كنت مولاه فعلي مولاه، رب وال من والاه، و عاد من عاداه

Al Ayyashi, from Safwan Al Jamal who said,

‘Abu Abdullah^-asws said: ‘When this Verse was Revealed with the Wilayah, Rasool-Allah^-saww ordered for a Pulpit – Pulpit at Ghadeer Khumm – So he^-saww arose, then called for the congregational Salat, then said: ‘O you people! Am I^-saww not foremost to you than your own selves?’ They said, ‘Yes’. He^-saww said: ‘So whoever I^-saww was a Master of, so Ali^-asws is his Master. Lord^-azwj! Befriend the one who befriends him^-asws and be Inimical to the one who is inimical to him^-asws’.

ثم أمر الناس ببيعته، و بايعه الناس و لا يجي‏ء أحد إلا بايعه، و لا يتكلم، حتى جاء أبو بكر، فقال: يا أبا بكر، بايع عليا بالولاية. فقال: من الله، أو من رسوله؟ فقال: من الله و من رسوله

Then he^-saww ordered the people to pledge their allegiances to him^-asws, and the people did pledge their allegiances. And there did not come anyone except that he pledged his allegiance, and did not speak (argue), until there came Abu Bakr. So he^-saww said: ‘O Abu Bakr! Pledge allegiance to Ali^-asws with the Wilayah’. So he said, ‘(Is this order) from Allah^-azwj and from His^-azwj Rasool^-saww?’ So he^-saww said: ‘(Yes, it is) from Allah^-azwj and His^-azwj Rasool^-saww’.

ثم جاء عمر، فقال: بايع عليا بالولاية. فقال: من الله أو من رسوله؟ فقال: من الله و من رسوله. ثم ثنى عطفيه، فالتقيا، فقال لأبي بكر: لشد ما يرفع بضبعي ابن عمه

Then Umar came up, so he^-saww said: ‘Pledge allegiance to Ali^-asws with the Wilayah’. So he said, ‘(Is this order) from Allah^-azwj and His^-azwj Rasool^-saww?’ So he^-saww said: ‘(Yes, it is) from Allah^-azwj and from His^-azwj Rasool^-saww’. Then he turned away and met up with Abu Bakr and said to him, ‘How intensely he^-saww has raised his^-saww cousin with two arms’.

ثم خرج هاربا من العسكر، فما لبث أن أتى النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) فقال: يا رسول الله، إني خرجت من العسكر لحاجة، فرأيت رجلا عليه ثياب بيض لم أر أحسن منه، و الرجل من أحسن الناس وجها، و أطيبهم ريحا، فقال: لقد عقد رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) لعلي عقدا لا يحله إلا كافر. فقال: يا عمر، أ تدري من ذاك؟ قال: لا. قال: ذاك جبرئيل (عليه السلام)، فاحذر أن تكون أول من يحله، فتكفر

Then he went out fleeing from the army, and it was not long before he came to the Prophet^-saww, so he said, ‘O Rasool-Allah^-saww! I went out from the army for a need, so I saw a man in a white robe which I have not seen better than it before, and the man had the best looking face from the people, and most fragrant aroma, so he said, ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww has contracted for Ali^-asws a contract, none shall absolve it except for an unbeliever’. So he^-saww said: O Umar! Do you know who that was?’ He said, ‘No’. He^-saww said: ‘That was Jibraeel^-as, so be cautioned lest you become the first one to absolve it, so you will be an unbeliever’.

ثم قال أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): «لقد حضر الغدير اثنا عشر ألف رجل، يشهدون لعلي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام) فما قدر على أخذ حقه، و إن أحدكم يكون له المال، و له شاهدان، فيأخذ حقه فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغالِبُونَ في علي (عليه السلام)

Then Abu Abdullah^-asws said: ‘Twelve thousand men were present at Al-Ghadeer, testifying to Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws. So what is the justification for taking away his^-asws right, and if one of you has wealth with him, and there are two witnesses for it and you take away his right. then they are the party of Allah, they would be triumphant [5:56] – regarding Ali^-asws’.^[18]

أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْخُ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ بِالرَّيِّ سَنَةَ عَشَرَةٍ وَ خَمْسِمِائَةٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ الشَّيْخِ السَّعِيدِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ رَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْكُوفِيُّ الْأَسَدِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبَرْمَكِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ ثَابِتِ بْنِ أَبِي صَفِيَّةَ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ غِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ عَقِيصَا

It was informed to us by the Sheykh Abu Muhammad Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Babuwayh at Al Rayy in the year Five hundred and ten, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from his father Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn, from his uncle Al Sheykh Al Saeed Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Babuwayh, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Shaybani, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Kufy Al Asady, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Barmakky, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad, from Al Qasim Bin Suleyman, from Sabit Bin Abu Safiyya, from Sa’ad Bin Gilabat, from Abu Saeed Aqeysa,

عَنْ سَيِّدِ الشُّهَدَاءِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَنْ سَيِّدِ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‏: يَا عَلِيُّ أَنْتَ أَخِي وَ أَنَا أَخُوكَ أَنَا الْمُصْطَفَى لِلنُّبُوَّةِ وَ أَنْتَ الْمُجْتَبَى لِلْإِمَامَةِ وَ أَنَا صَاحِبُ التَّنْزِيلِ وَ أَنْتَ صَاحِبُ التَّأْوِيلِ وَ أَنَا وَ أَنْتَ أَبَوَا هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ

From the Chief of the Martyrs Al-Husayn^-asws Bin Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws, from the Chief of the successors Amir Al-Momineen Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww said: O Ali^-asws! You^-asws are my^-saww brother, and I^-asws am your^-asws brother. I^-saww am chosen for the Prophet-hood and you^-asws are nominated for the Imamate, and I^-saww am the owner of the Revelation and you^-asws are the owner of the explanation, and I^-saww and you^-asws are the two fathers of this community.

يَا عَلِيُّ أَنْتَ وَصِيِّي وَ خَلِيفَتِي وَ وَزِيرِي وَ وَارِثِي وَ أَبُو وُلْدِي شِيعَتُكَ شِيعَتِي وَ أَنْصَارُكَ أَنْصَارِي وَ أَوْلِيَاؤُكَ أَوْلِيَائِي وَ أَعْدَاؤُكَ أَعْدَائِي

O Ali^-asws! You^-asws are my^-saww successor, and my^-saww Caliph, and my^-saww inheritor, and father of my^-saww children. Your^-asws Shias are my^-saww Shias, and your^-asws helpers are my^-saww helpers, and your^-asws friends are my^-saww friends, and your^-asws enemies are my^-saww enemies.

يَا عَلِيُّ أَنْتَ صَاحِبِي عَلَى الْحَوْضِ غَداً وَ أَنْتَ صَاحِبِي فِي الْمَقَامِ الْمَحْمُودِ وَ أَنْتَ صَاحِبُ لِوَائِي فِي الْآخِرَةِ كَمَا أَنَّكَ صَاحِبُ لِوَائِي فِي الدُّنْيَا لَقَدْ سَعِدَ مَنْ تَوَلَّاكَ وَ شَقِيَ مَنْ عَادَاكَ وَ إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَتَتَقَرَّبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَقَدَّسَ ذِكْرُهُ بِمَحَبَّتِكَ وَ وَلَايَتِكَ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أَهْلَ مَوَدَّتِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ لَأَكْثَرُ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ

O Ali^-asws! You^-asws will be my^-saww companion at the Fountain tomorrow, and you^-asws will be my^-saww companions in the place of the Most-Praiseworthy (الْمَقَامِ الْمَحْمُودِ), and you^-asws will be the bearer of my^-saww flag in the Hereafter just as you^-asws are the bearer of my^-saww flag in the world. He is fortunate, the one who befriends you^-asws, and miserable is the one who is inimical to you^-asws, and that the Angels tend to draw closer to Allah^-azwj, Holy is His^-azwj Mention, by having your^-asws love and your^-asws friendship. By Allah^-azwj! There are more people having your^-asws cordiality in the sky than in the earth.

يَا عَلِيُّ أَنْتَ أَمِينُ أُمَّتِي وَ حُجَّةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا بَعْدِي قَوْلُكَ قَوْلِي وَ أَمْرُكَ أَمْرِي وَ طَاعَتُكَ طَاعَتِي وَ زَجْرُكَ زَجْرِي وَ نَهْيُكَ نَهْيِي وَ مَعْصِيَتُكَ مَعْصِيَتِي وَ حِزْبُكَ حِزْبِي وَ حِزْبِي حِزْبُ اللَّهِ‏ وَ مَنْ يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغالِبُونَ‏

O Ali^-asws! You^-asws are the trustee of my^-saww community and a Divine Authority of Allah^-azwj upon it after me^-saww. Your^-asws words are my^-saww worlds, and your^-asws orders are my^-asws orders, and obedience to you^-asws is obedience to me^-saww, and your^-asws injunctions are my^-saww injunctions, and your^-asws forbiddances are my^-saww forbiddances, and disobedience to you^-asws is disobedience to me^-saww, and your^-asws party is my^-saww party, and my^-saww party is the Party of Allah^-azwj. And whoever takes Allah and His Rasool and those who believe for a Guardian, then they are the party of Allah, they would be triumphant [5:56].^[19]

[ محمد بن علي الطبري ] أخبرنا الشيخ أبو محمد الحسن بن الحسين بن الحسن بن الحسين بن علي بن بابويه بالري سنة عشرة وخمسمائة، عن عمه محمد بن الحسن، عن أبيه الحسن بن الحسين، عن عمه الشيخ السعيد أبي جعفر محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن بابويه رحمهم الله تعالى قال: حدثنا محمد بن أحمد الشيباني، قال: حدثنا محمد بن جعفر الكوفي الأسدي قال: حدثنا محمد بن إسماعيل البرمكي، قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن أحمد، قال: حدثنا القاسم بن سليمان، عن ثابت بن أبي صفية، عن سعد بن غلابة، عن أبي سعيد عقيصا

Muhammad Bin Al Tabary, from Al Shaykh Abu Muhammad Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Babuwayh, at Al Rayy, in the year five hundred and ten, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from his father Al Hassan Bin Al Hassan, from his uncle Al Shaykh Al Saeed Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Babuwayh, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Shaybani, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Kufy Al Asady, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Barmakky, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad, from Al Qasim Bin Suleyman, from Sabit Bin Abu Safiyya, from Sa’ad Bin Ghalabat, from Abu Saeed Uqeysa,

عن سيد الشهداء الحسين بن علي بن أبي طالب، عن سيد الأوصياء أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام) قال: قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله): يا علي أنت أخي وأنا أخوك. أنا المصطفى للنبوة وأنت المجتبى للإمامة، وأنا صاحب التنزيل وأنت صاحب التأويل، وأنا وأنت أبوا هذه الامة

From the Chief of the Martyrs Al-Husayn Bin Ali^-asws, from the Chief of the successors^-asws Amir Al-Momineen Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘O Ali^-asws! You^-asws are my^-saww brother and I^-saww am your^-asws brother. I^-saww am the Chosen one for the Prophet-hood and you^-asws are the Selected one for the Imamate. And I^-saww am the Master of the Revelation and you^-asws are the Master of the Explanation, and I^-saww and you^-asws are the two (Spiritual) Fathers of this community.

يا علي ! أنت وصيي وخليفتي ووزيري ووارثي وأبو ولدي، شيعتك شيعتي وأنصارك أنصاري وأولياؤك أوليائي وأعداؤك أعدائي

O Ali^-asws! You^-asws are my^-saww successor^-asws, and my^-saww Caliph, and my^-saww Vizier, and my^-saww inheritor, and the father^-asws of my^-saww (grand) sons^-asws. Your^-asws Shias are my^-saww Shias, and your^-asws helpers are my^-asws helpers, and your^-asws friends are my^-saww friends, and your^-asws enemies are my^-saww enemies’.

يا علي أنت صاحبي على الحوض غدا وأنت صاحبي في المقام المحمود وأنت صاحب لوائي في الآخرة كما انك صاحب لوائي في الدنيا. لقد سعد من تولاك وشقي من عاداك وان الملائكة لتتقرب إلى الله تقدس ذكره بمحبتك وولايتك. والله ان أهل مودتك في السماء لأكثر منهم في الأرض

O Ali^-asws! You^-asws are my^-saww companions at the Fountain tomorrow, and you^-asws are my^-saww companion in Maqaam Al-Mahmoud (In the place of the Praised One^-azwj), and you^-asws are the bearer of the my^-saww Banner in the Hereafter just as you^-asws are the bearer of my^-saww flag in the world. Happy is the one who befriended you^-asws, and miserable is the one who is inimical to you^-asws. And the Angels get closer to Allah^-azwj, Holy is His^-azwj Mention, by their love for you^-asws and your^-asws Wilayah. By Allah^-azwj! The people who are cordial to you^-asws in the sky are more than those (who are cordial to you^-asws) in the earth.

يا علي أنت أمين امتي وحجة الله عليها بعدي قولك قولي وأمرك أمري وطاعتك طاعتي وزجرك زجري ونهيك نهيي ومعصيتك معصيتي وحزبك حزبي وحزبي حزب الله * (ومن يتول الله ورسوله والذين ءامنوا فإن حزب الله الغلبون) *

O Ali^-asws! You^-asws are the trustee of my^-saww community, and an Argument (Proof) of Allah^-azwj against it, after me^-saww. Your^-asws words are my^-saww words, and your^-asws orders are my^-saww orders, and being obedient to you^-asws is being obedient to me^-saww, and abandoning you^-asws (equates to) abandoning me^-saww, and preventing you^-asws is preventing me^-saww, and disobeying you^-asws is disobeying me^-saww, and your^-asws group is my^-saww group, and my^-saww group is the group of Allah^-azwj And whoever takes Allah and His Rasool and those who believe for a Guardian, then they are the party of Allah, they would be triumphant [5:56]’.^[20]

لِيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا وَيُكَفِّرَ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ ۚ وَكَانَ ذَٰلِكَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ فَوْزًا عَظِيمًا {5}

For Him to Enter the Momineen and the Mominaat into the Gardens, the rivers flowing from beneath these, abiding eternally therein, and He would Expiate their evil deeds from them, and that would be the Mighty success in the Presence of Allah [48:5]

وَيُعَذِّبَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَالْمُنَافِقَاتِ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ وَالْمُشْرِكَاتِ الظَّانِّينَ بِاللَّهِ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ ۚ عَلَيْهِمْ دَائِرَةُ السَّوْءِ ۖ وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَعَنَهُمْ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَهَنَّمَ ۖ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا {6}

And He would Punish the hypocrite men and the hypocrite women, and the Polytheistic men and the Polytheistic women, the thinkers of evil thoughts with Allah. Upon them is the evil field of thought, and Allah is Wrathful upon them and Curses them and has Prepared Hell for them, and (it is) an evil destination [48:6]

Hanan bin Jabir said: Muhammad bin Ali Al-Sayrafi narrated to us, on the authority of Al-Husayn Al-Ashqar, on the authority of Amr bin Abi Al-Miqdam, on the authority of Jabir Al-Ju’fi, who from:

Muhammad Al-Baqir^-asws says that I^-asws was with Al-Husayn^-asws Ibn Ali^-asws when a man from the Umayyads of our Shia came to him and said to him^-asws: O son of the Messenger of Allah^-asws, I am not able to walk to you because of the pain in my legs. He^-asws said: Then where? Are you from the protection of Al-Hussein^-asws bin Ali^-asws? He said: O son of the Messenger of Allah^-asws, and what is that? He said^-asws recite (48:1-7)“Indeed, We have granted you a clear conquest, that Allah may forgive you what preceded of your sin and what will follow and complete His favor upon you and guide you to a straight path and grant you a mighty victory. It is He who has sent down tranquility into the hearts of the believers that they may increase in faith along with their [present] faith. And to Allah belong the soldiers of the heavens and the earth. And ever is Allah Knowing and Wise, that He may admit the believers and those who follow them into Paradise.” For the believing women are gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they abide eternally. And He will remove from them their misdeeds, and that is, in the sight of Allah, a great attainment. And He will punish the hypocrites, men and hypocrites, and the polytheists, men and polytheists, who think evil thoughts about Allah. Upon them is a circle of evil, and Allah has become angry with them and has cursed them and has prepared for them Hell, and evil it is as a destination. And for Allah are armies of the skies and the earth, and Allah was always Mighty, Wise (48:1-7). He said, “So I did what He commanded me to do, and after that I did not feel anything from it, with the help of God Almighty.”[21]

VERSE 7

وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا {7}

And for Allah are armies of the skies and the earth, and Allah was always Mighty, Wise [48:7]

مُحَمَّدٌ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ الْحَجَّالِ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عليه السلام) كَانَ كُلُّ شَيْ‏ءٍ مَاءً وَ كَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ الْمَاءَ فَاضْطَرَمَ نَاراً ثُمَّ أَمَرَ النَّارَ فَخَمَدَتْ فَارْتَفَعَ مِنْ خُمُودِهَا دُخَانٌ فَخَلَقَ اللَّهُ السَّمَاوَاتِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الدُّخَانِ وَ خَلَقَ الْأَرْضَ مِنَ الرَّمَادِ ثُمَّ اخْتَصَمَ الْمَاءُ وَ النَّارُ وَ الرِّيحُ فَقَالَ الْمَاءُ أَنَا جُنْدُ اللَّهِ الْأَكْبَرُ وَ قَالَتِ الرِّيحُ أَنَا جُنْدُ اللَّهِ الْأَكْبَرُ وَ قَالَتِ النَّارُ أَنَا جُنْدُ اللَّهِ الْأَكْبَرُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى الرِّيحِ أَنْتِ جُنْدِيِّ الْأَكْبَرُ

Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Al-A’ala Bin Razeyn, from Muhammad Bin Muslim and Al-Hajjaal, from Al-A’ala, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said:

Abu Ja’far^-asws said to me: ‘Everything used to be water, and His^-azwj Throne used to be on the water. So Allah^-azwj Mighty is His^-azwj Mention Commanded the water, so a fire was ignited. Then He^-azwj Commanded the fire, so it was extinguished and smoke arose from its subsidence. Then Allah^-azwj Created the skies from that smoke, and Created the earth from the smoke. Then the water, and the fire, and the wind quarrelled. So the water said, ‘I am the greatest army of Allah^-azwj’, and the wind said, ‘I am the greatest army of Allah^-azwj, and the fire said, ‘I am the greatest army of Allah^-azwj. So Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto the wind: “You are My^-azwj greatest army”.[22]

VERSES 8 & 9

إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ شَاهِدًا وَمُبَشِّرًا وَنَذِيرًا {8}

Surely, We Sent you as a witness, and a giver of glad tidings and a warner [48:8]

حدثنا يعقوب بن يزيد ومحمد بن الحسين عن ابن ابى عمير عن عمر بن اذينة عن بريد بن معاوية قال

Narrated to us Yaqoub Bin Yazeed and Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Bureyd Bin Muawiya who said:

قلت لابي جعفر عليه السلام قول الله تعالى وكذلك جعلناكم امة وسطا لتكونوا شهداء على الناس قال نحن الائمة الوسط ونحن شهداء الله على خلقه وحجته في ارضه

‘I said to Abu Ja’far^-asws, ‘(What about) the Words of Allah^-azwj the High And like that, We Made you (Imams) as the intermediary community in order for you (Imams) to become witnesses upon the people, [2:143], he^-asws said: ‘We^-asws are, the intermediary Imams^-asws, and we^-asws are witnesses of Allah^-azwj on His^-azwj creation and His^-azwj Proof in His^-azwj Earth.’^[23]

For further reading, see: Hazir-o-Nazir from Holy Quran and Ahadith | Hubeali

الكافي بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‏ إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ الْمُنْذِرُ وَ عَلِيٌّ الْهَادِي يَا بَا مُحَمَّدٍ هَلْ مِنْ هَادٍ الْيَوْمَ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا زَالَ مِنْكُمْ هَادٍ مِنْ بَعْدِ هَادٍ حَتَّى دُفِعَتْ إِلَيْكَ

(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – By his chain from Abu Baseer who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah^-asws, But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. He^-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww is the warner and Ali^-asws is the guide. O Abu Mohammed! Is there any guide today?’ I said, ‘Yes, may I be sacrificed for you^-asws! There has not ceased to be from you^-asws all a guide after a guide, until it was handed over to you^-asws’.

فَقَالَ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ يَا بَا مُحَمَّدٍ لَوْ كَانَتْ إِذَا نَزَلَتْ آيَةٌ عَلَى رَجُلٍ ثُمَّ مَاتَ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ مَاتَتِ الْآيَةُ مَاتَ الْكِتَابُ لَكِنَّهُ حَيٌّ يَجْرِي فِيمَنْ بَقِيَ كَمَا جَرَى فِيمَنْ مَضَى‏

He^-asws said: ‘May Allah^-azwj have Mercy on you, O Abu Mohammed! If a Verse had been Revealed upon a man, then that man were to die, the Verse would die, the Book would die. But, it is alive, flowing among the ones remaining just as it had flowed among the ones passed’’.^[24]

For further reading, see: https://hubeali.com/article/27331

لِتُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَتُعَزِّرُوهُ وَتُوَقِّرُوهُ وَتُسَبِّحُوهُ بُكْرَةً وَأَصِيلًا {9}

In order for you all to believe in Allah and His Rasool, and to help him (Rasool) and revere him (Rasool), and you should Glorify Him (Allah) morning and evening [48:9]

Rasool-Allah^-saww – Giver of Glad Tidings to Amir Al-Momineen^-asws

وَ بِالْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ

And by the chain, he said, ‘Al Husayn Bin Ahmad Bin Idrees narrated to us, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Khaaaz, from Talha Bin Zayd,

عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‏: أَتَانِي جَبْرَئِيلُ مِنْ قِبَلِ رَبِّي جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ بَشِّرْ أَخَاكَ عَلِيّاً بِأَنِّي لَا أُعَذِّبُ مَنْ تَوَلَّاهُ وَ لَا أَرْحَمَ مَنْ عَادَاهُ

(It has been narrated) from Al-Sadiq Ja’far^-asws Bin Muhammad^-asws, from his^-asws father^-asws, from his^-asws forefathers^-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘Jibraeel^-as came to me^-saww from my Lord^-azwj, Majestic is His^-azwj Majesty, and he^-as said: ‘O Muhammad^-saww! Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Conveys the Greetings to you^-saww and is Saying to you^-saww: “Give glad tidings to your^-saww brother^-asws Ali^-asws that I^-azwj will not Punish the one who loves him^-asws, and I^-azwj will not be Merciful to the one who is inimical to him^-asws’.[25]

أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْخُ الْمُفِيدُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الطُّوسِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا السَّعِيدُ الْوَالِدُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الشَّيْخُ الْمُفِيدُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ الْحَارِثِيُّ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْجِعَابِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحُسَيْنِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُنْعِمِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَزَارِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: وَ حَدَّثَنِي جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحُسَيْنِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُنْعِمِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ

It was informed to us by the Sheykh Al Mufeed Abu Ali Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Toosy, from Al Saeed Al Walid, from Al Sheykh Al Mufeed Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Numan Al Harsy Al Baghdady, from Abu Bakr Muhammad Bin Umar Al Ja’aby, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Husayni, from Ahmad Bin Abdul Man’am, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Fazary,

From Ja’far^-asws Bin Muhammad^-asws, from his^-asws father^-asws, from Jabir.

And he said, ‘It was narrated to us from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Husayni, from Ahmad Bin Abdul Man’am, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir,

عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع‏ أَ لَا أُبَشِّرُكَ أَ لَا أَمْنَحُكَ؟ قَالَ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَإِنِّي خُلِقْتُ أَنَا وَ أَنْتَ مِنْ طِينَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَفَضَلَتْ مِنْهَا فَضْلَةٌ فَخُلِقَ مِنْهَا شِيعَتُنَا فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ دُعِيَ النَّاسُ بِأَسْمَاءِ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ إِلَّا شِيعَتَكَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يُدْعَوْنَ بِأَسْمَاءِ آبَائِهِمْ لِطِيبِ مَوْلِدِهِمْ

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far Muhammad^-asws Bin Ali^-asws, from Jabir Bin Abdullah Al-Ansary who said, ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww said to Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws: ‘Shall I^-saww give you^-asws glad tidings? Shall I^-saww confer upon you^-asws?’ He^-asws said: ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah^-saww!’ He^-saww said: ‘I^-saww was Created, (both) me^-saww and you^-asws, from one clay (essence). So there remained some remnants from it, and our^-asws Shias were Created from it. Thus, when it will be the Day of Judgment, the people would be called by the names of their mothers except for our^-asws Shias, for they would be called by the names of their fathers, due to the goodness of their births’.[26]

وَ بِالْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الصَّفَّارُ الْبُخَارِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَفْصٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ حَدَّثَنَا قَصَبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا سَوَّارٌ الْأَعْمَى عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَوْفِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَحَّافِ عنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ

And by the chain, said, ‘It was narrated to us by Abu Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Al Husayn al Saffar Al Bukhary, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Hafs, from Ahmad Bin Usman Bin Hakeym, from Qasbat, from Sawwar Al A’ama, from Dawood Bin Abu Awf Bin Abu Jahhab, from Muhammad Bin Umeyr,

عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ‏: كَانَتْ لَيْلَتِي مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ هُوَ عِنْدِي فَجَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ وَ تَبِعَهَا عَلِيٌّ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا عَلِيُّ أَبْشِرْ أَنْتَ وَ أَصْحَابُكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ أَبْشِرْ يَا عَلِيُّ أَنْتَ وَ شِيعَتُكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ تَمَامَ الْخَبَرِ

From (Syeda) Fatima^-asws, from Umm Salma^-as having said, ‘It was my^-as night from Rasool-Allah^-saww and he^-saww was with me^-as, and (Syeda) Fatima^-asws came over and Ali^-asws came after her^-asws. So Rasool-Allah^-saww said to him^-asws: ‘Receive glad tidings! You^-asws and your^-asws companions would be in the Paradise. Receive glad tidings, O Ali^-asws! You^-asws and your^-asws Shias would be in the Paradise’’. The Hadeeth is complete.[27]

وَ بِالْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْفَقِيهُ حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ

And by the chain, said, ‘It was narrated to us by Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn, the jurist, from Al Husayn Bin Ahmad Bin Idrees, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Khazzaa, from Talha Bin Zayd,

عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‏: أَتَانِي جَبْرَئِيلُ مِنْ قِبَلِ رَبِّي تَعَالَى فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ بَشِّرْ أَخَاكَ عَلِيّاً بِأَنِّي لَا أُعَذِّبُ مَنْ تَوَلَّاهُ وَ لَا أَرْحَمُ مَنْ عَادَاهُ

From Al-Sadiq Ja’far^-asws Bin Muhammad^-asws, from his^-asws father^-asws, from his grandfather^-asws from Ali^-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘Jibraeel^-as came to me^-saww from my^-saww Lord^-azwj the Exalted, and he^-as said: ‘O Muhammad^-saww! Allah^-azwj the Exalted Conveys the Greetings to you^-saww and is Saying to you^-saww: “Give glad tidings to your^-asws brother Ali^-asws that I^-azwj will not Punish the one who befriends him^-asws nor would I^-azwj be Merciful to the one who is inimical to him^-asws’’.[28]

The titles of Rasool-Allah^-saww – ‘Giver of Glad Tidings’ and ‘Warner’

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا عمي محمد بن أبى القاسم عن احمد بن ابى عبد الله، عن ابى الحسن علي بن الحسين البرقى، عن عبد الله بن جبلة، عن معاوية بن عمار، عن الحسن بن عبد الله بن آبائه عن جده الحسن بن علي بن أبى طالب ” ع ” قال: جاء نفر من اليهود إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فسأله اعلمهم فيما سأله فقال لاي شئ سميت محمد وأحمد وابا القاسم وبشيرا ونذيرا وداعيا؟

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from an uncle of Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Barqy, from Abdullah Bin Jabala, from Muawiya, from Amaar, from Al Hassan Bin Abdullah, from his forefathers,

(It has been narrated) from his grandfather^-asws Al-Hassan^-asws Bin Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws having said: ‘There came a number of Jews to Rasool-Allah^-saww. So they asked him^-saww, and he^-saww let them know with regards to what they had asked him^-saww. So (one of them) asked, ‘For which thing (reason) have you^-saww been named as ‘Muhammad’, and ‘Ahmad’, and ‘Abu Al-Qasim’, and ‘Bashir’, and ‘Nazir’, and ‘Da’aiy’?’

فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله أما محمد فإنى محمود في الارض وأما احمد فإنى محمود في السماء وأما أبو القاسم فإن الله عزوجل يقسم يوم القيامة قسمة النار فمن كفربي من الاولين والآخرين ففى النار ويقسم قسمة الجنة فمن آمن بى واقر بنبوتي ففي الجنة وأما الداعي فإنى أدعوا الناس إلى دين ربى عزوجل وأما النذير فإنى انذر بالنار من عصاني وأما البشير فإنى ابشر بالجنة من أطاعني

So, the Prophet^-saww said: ‘As for ‘Muhammad’, so I^-saww am the praised one in the earth; and as for ‘Ahmad’, so I^-saww am the praised one in the sky; and as for ‘Abu Al-Qasim’, so Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Divide the Fire on the Day of Judgement, so the one who rejected me^-saww, from the former ones and the later ones, so he would be in the Fire. And He^-azwj would Divide a division of the Paradise, so the one who believe in me^-saww, and accepted with my^-saww Prophet-hood, so he would be in the Paradise. And as for ‘Al-Da’aiy’, so I^-saww call the people to the Religion of my^-saww Lord^-azwj Mighty and Majestic. And as for ‘Al-Nazir’, so I^-saww warn of the Fire to the one who disobeys me^-saww. And as for ‘Al-Basheer’, so I^-saww give the good news of the Paradise to the one who obeys me^-saww’.[29]

VERSE 10

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُبَايِعُونَكَ إِنَّمَا يُبَايِعُونَ اللَّهَ يَدُ اللَّهِ فَوْقَ أَيْدِيهِمْ ۚ فَمَنْ نَكَثَ فَإِنَّمَا يَنْكُثُ عَلَىٰ نَفْسِهِ ۖ وَمَنْ أَوْفَىٰ بِمَا عَاهَدَ عَلَيْهُ اللَّهَ فَسَيُؤْتِيهِ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا {10}

Surely, those pledging allegiance to you are rather pledging their allegiances to Allah, the Hand of Allah being Above their hands. So the one who breaks, is rather breaking against himself, and the one who fulfils with what Allah Covenanted upon him, would be Given a Mighty Recompense [48:10]

In Islam, Bayt obligates one to be sincere as one is submitting totally, i.e., to sacrifice oneself for protecting one’s master, e.g.,

فَلَمَّا آيَسَ الرَّسُولُ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ رَجَعَ إِلَى مَوْضِعِهِ الَّذِي كَانَ فِيهِ فَلَمْ يَرَ إِلَّا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ أَبَا دُجَانَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا أَبَا دُجَانَةَ ذَهَبَ النَّاسُ فَالْحَقْ بِقَوْمِكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا عَلَى هَذَا بَايَعْنَاكَ وَ بَايَعْنَا اللَّهَ وَ لَا عَلَى هَذَا خَرَجْنَا يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى‏ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُبايِعُونَكَ إِنَّما يُبايِعُونَ اللَّهَ يَدُ اللَّهِ فَوْقَ أَيْدِيهِمْ‏

When Muslims fled from the battle of Ohad, Rasool-Allah^-saww called them but they did not answer, when the Rasool^-saww had despaired from the people, returned to his^-saww place he^-saww had been in, and did not see except Ali^-aswsand Abu Dujana Al-Ansary. Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘O Abu Dujana! The people are gone, so be with your people’. Abu Dujana said, ‘O Rasool-Allah^-saww! This is not why we pledged allegiance to you and to Allah, nor did we set out for this. Allah^-azwj the Exalted is Saying: Surely, those pledging allegiance to you are rather pledging their allegiances to Allah, the Hand of Allah being Above their hands. [48:10]’.

فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا أَبَا دُجَانَةَ أَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ مِنْ بَيْعَتِكَ فَارْجِعْ فَقَالَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَا تُحَدِّثُ نِسَاءُ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي الْخُدُورِ أَنِّي أَسْلَمْتُكَ وَ رَغِبْتُ بِنَفْسِي عَنْ نَفْسِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَا خَيْرَ فِي الْعَيْشِ بَعْدَكَ

Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘O Abu Dujana! You are hereby free from your allegiance, therefore you can return’. Abu Dujana said, ‘O Rasool-Allah^-saww! The women of the Helpers will not narrate in the veils that I submitted you^-saww (to the enemies) and desired my own self instead of yours^-saww. O Rasool-Allah^-saww! There is no good in the life after you^-saww’ (an extract)[30].

Talha and Al-Zubyr were among the first ones to pledge allegiance to Ali Ibn Abi Talib-asws, willingly and were urging Muslims to also submit Bayt to Ali^-asws, as we will read later in the article. The following Hadith further explains the meanings of the Verse 48:10:

وَ عَنْ أُمِّ رَاشِدٍ مَوْلَاةِ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ‏ أَنَّ طَلْحَةَ وَ الزُّبَيْرَ دَخَلَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَاسْتَأْذَنَاهُ فِي الْعُمْرَةِ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمَا فَلَمَّا وَلَّيَا وَ نَزَلَا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ سَمِعْتُهُمَا يَقُولَانِ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا بَايَعْنَاهُ بِقُلُوبِنَا إِنَّمَا بَايَعْنَاهُ بِأَيْدِينَا

And from Umm Rashid, a slave girl of Umm Hany,

‘Talha and Al-Zubeyr entered to see Ali^-asws and sought his^-asws permission regarding the Umrah. He^-asws permitted for them. When they turned around and went from his^-asws presence, I heard them both saying, ‘By Allah^-azwj! We did not pledge allegiance to him with our hearts, but we pledged to him^-asws with our hands’.

قَالَتْ فَأَخْبَرْتُ عَلِيّاً ع بِمَقَالَتِهِمَا فَقَالَ‏ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُبايِعُونَكَ إِنَّما يُبايِعُونَ اللَّهَ يَدُ اللَّهِ فَوْقَ أَيْدِيهِمْ فَمَنْ نَكَثَ فَإِنَّما يَنْكُثُ عَلى‏ نَفْسِهِ وَ مَنْ أَوْفى‏ بِما عاهَدَ عَلَيْهُ اللَّهَ فَسَيُؤْتِيهِ أَجْراً عَظِيماً

She said, ‘I informed Ali^-asws of their talk. He^-asws said: ‘Surely, those pledging allegiance to you are rather pledging their allegiances to Allah, the Hand of Allah being Above their hands. So the one who breaks, is rather breaking against himself, and the one who fulfils with what Allah Covenanted upon him, would be Given a Mighty Recompense [48:10]’’.[31]

VERSES 11 – 17

سَيَقُولُ لَكَ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ شَغَلَتْنَا أَمْوَالُنَا وَأَهْلُونَا فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَنَا ۚ يَقُولُونَ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ مَا لَيْسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ ۚ قُلْ فَمَنْ يَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا إِنْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ ضَرًّا أَوْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ نَفْعًا ۚ بَلْ كَانَ اللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرًا {11}

Those Bedouins who stayed behind will be saying to you, ‘Our wealth and our families pre-occupied us, therefore seek Forgiveness for us’. They are saying with their tongues what isn’t in their hearts. Say: ‘So who can control anything for you from Allah if He Intends harm with you or Intends benefit with you? But, Allah would always be Aware with what you are doing’ [48:11]

وَ قُلْتَ تَبَارَكْتَ وَ تَعَالَيْتَ- سَيَقُولُ لَكَ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ مِنَ الْأَعْرابِ شَغَلَتْنا أَمْوالُنا وَ أَهْلُونا فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَنا وَ أَنَا أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَ أَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ

(In a long supplication it is): And You^-azwj Said, Blessed are You^-azwj and Exalted: Those Bedouins who stayed behind will be saying to you, ‘Our wealth and our families pre-occupied us, therefore seek Forgiveness for us’. [48:11], and I am seeking Your^-azwj Forgiveness and repenting to You^-azwj![32]

الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ مُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) يَقُولُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالتَّفَقُّهِ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ وَ لَا تَكُونُوا أَعْرَاباً فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ لَمْ يَتَفَقَّهْ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ لَمْ يَنْظُرِ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ لَمْ يُزَكِّ لَهُ عَمَلًا

Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Al Qasim Bin Al Rabie, from Mufazzal Bin Umar who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullah^-asws saying: ‘It is upon you (that you must acquire) understanding in the Religion of Allah^-azwj, and do not become Bedouins, for the one who does not (acquire) understanding in the Religion of Allah^-azwj, Allah^-azwj would not Look at him on the Day of Judgment and will not Purify his deeds’.^[33]

(In a lengthy Hadeeth) from Al-Abd Al-Salih^-asws (7^th Imam^-asws) having said: ‘The fifth (Al-Khums) is from five things – from the spoils (of war), and the diving, and from treasures, and from the mines and the salt-works.

وَ لَيْسَ لِلْأَعْرَابِ مِنَ الْقِسْمَةِ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَ إِنْ قَاتَلُوا مَعَ الْوَالِي لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) صَالَحَ الْأَعْرَابَ أَنْ يَدَعَهُمْ فِي دِيَارِهِمْ وَ لَا يُهَاجِرُوا عَلَى أَنَّهُ إِنْ دَهِمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ دَهْمٌ أَنْ يَسْتَنْفِرَهُمْ فَيُقَاتِلَ بِهِمْ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ فِي الْغَنِيمَةِ نَصِيبٌ وَ سُنَّتُهُ جَارِيَةٌ فِيهِمْ وَ فِي غَيْرِهِمْ

And there isn’t anything for the Bedouins from the distribution and even though they may have found along with the administrator, because Rasool-Allah^-saww reconciled with the Bedouins that he^-saww would leave them to be in their houses and they would not emigrate upon the stipulation that if Rasool-Allah^-saww is ever raided from his^-saww enemies with a raid, they would make them flee and fight with them and there wouldn’t be a share for them in the spoils, and his^-saww Sunnah flows in them and in the others (an extract).[34]

بَلْ ظَنَنْتُمْ أَنْ لَنْ يَنْقَلِبَ الرَّسُولُ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِيهِمْ أَبَدًا وَزُيِّنَ ذَٰلِكَ فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ وَظَنَنْتُمْ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ وَكُنْتُمْ قَوْمًا بُورًا {12}

But, you thought that the Rasool and the Momineen would never return to their families, ever, and that was adorned in your hearts, and you thought the evil thought, and you were a doomed people [48:12]

تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ الْيَمَانِيِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ‏ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَمَرَ بِالْجِهَادِ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فَخَرَجَ النَّاسُ سِرَاعاً يَتَمَنَّوْنَ لِقَاءَ عَدُوِّهِمْ وَ بَغَوْا فِي مَنْطِقِهِمْ وَ قَالُوا وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ لَقِينَا عَدُوَّنَا لَا نُوَلِّي حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ عَنْ آخِرِنَا رَجُلٌ أَوْ يَفْتَحَ اللَّهُ لَنَا

Tafseer Furat Bin Ibrahim – Abu Al-Qasim Bin Hammad, transmitting from Huzeyfa Al-Yamani, ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww ordered with the Jihad on the day of Ohad, so the people came out quickly coveting meeting their enemies, and (some) rebelled in their reasoning and said, ‘By Allah^-azwj! If we were to meet our enemies we will not return until the last man from us is killed of Allah^-azwj Grants us victory’.

قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَتَوْا إِلَى الْقَوْمِ ابْتَلَاهُمُ اللَّهُ بِالَّذِي كَانَ مِنْهُمْ وَ مِنْ بَغْيِهِمْ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثُوا إِلَّا يَسِيراً حَتَّى انْهَزَمُوا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِلَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ سِمَاكُ بْنُ خَرَشَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَلَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا قَدْ نَزَلَ بِالنَّاسِ مِنَ الْهَزِيمَةِ وَ الْبَلَاءِ رَفَعَ الْبَيْضَةَ عَنْ رَأْسِهِ وَ جَعَلَ يُنَادِي أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَنَا لَمْ أَمُتْ وَ لَمْ أُقْتَلْ وَ جَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَرْكَبُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً لَا يَلْوُونَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص

He said, ‘When they came to the people, Allah^-azwj Tried them with that which was from them, and from their rebellion, so they did not remain except for a little while until they fled from Rasool-Allah^-saww, except for Ali Bin Abu Talib^-asws, and Abu Dujana Simak Bin Kharsha Al-Ansary. When Rasool-Allah^-saww saw what has befallen with the people from the defeat and the disaster, raised the helmet from his^-saww head and went on calling out: ‘O you people! I^-saww have not died and have not been killed!’ And the people went on mounting upon each other not turning towards Rasool-Allah^-azwj.

فَلَا يَلْتَفِتُونَ‏ إِلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا الْمَدِينَةَ فَلَمْ يَكْتَفُوا بِالْهَزِيمَةِ حَتَّى قَالَ أَفْضَلُهُمْ رَجُلًا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ قُتِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَلَمَّا آيَسَ الرَّسُولُ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ رَجَعَ إِلَى مَوْضِعِهِ الَّذِي كَانَ فِيهِ فَلَمْ يَرَ إِلَّا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ أَبَا دُجَانَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا أَبَا دُجَانَةَ ذَهَبَ النَّاسُ فَالْحَقْ بِقَوْمِكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا عَلَى هَذَا بَايَعْنَاكَ وَ بَايَعْنَا اللَّهَ وَ لَا عَلَى هَذَا خَرَجْنَا يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى‏ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُبايِعُونَكَ إِنَّما يُبايِعُونَ اللَّهَ يَدُ اللَّهِ فَوْقَ أَيْدِيهِمْ‏

They were not turning around towards him^-saww and they did not cease to be like that until they entered Al Medina, and they did not stop with the desertion until the best of them men said within himself, ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww has been killed’. When the Rasool^-saww had despaired from the people, returned to his^-saww place he^-saww had been in, and did not see except Ali^-aswsand Abu Dujana Al-Ansary. Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘O Abu Dujana! The people are gone, so be with your people’. Abu Dujana said, ‘O Rasool-Allah^-saww! I did not pledge allegiance to you^-saww and Allah^-azwj upon this, nor did we come out upon this. Allah^-azwj the Exalted is Saying: Surely, those pledging allegiance to you are rather pledging their allegiances to Allah, the Hand of Allah being Above their hands. [48:10]’.

قَالَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَلَامَهُ وَ رَغْبَتَهُ فِي الْجِهَادِ انْتَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى صَخْرَةٍ فَاسْتَتَرَ بِهَا لِيَتَّقِيَ بِهَا مِنَ السِّهَامِ سِهَامِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ إِلَّا يَسِيراً حَتَّى أُثْخِنَ‏ جِرَاحَةً فَتَحَامَلَ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص‏ فَجَلَسَ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ وَ هُوَ مُثْخَنٌ لَا حَرَاكَ بِهِ

He said, ‘When Rasool-Allah^-saww heard his speech and his desire regarding the Jihad, Rasool-Allah^-saww went to a rock and veiled by it from the arrows, arrows of the Polytheists. Abu Dujana did not remain except for a little while until he was weakened by the injuries, and he was carried until he ended up to Rasool-Allah^-saww and he sat to his^-saww side, and he was feebled, there being no movement with him.

قَالَ وَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَا يُبَارِزُ فَارِساً وَ لَا رَاجِلًا إِلَّا قَتَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ حَتَّى انْقَطَعَ سَيْفُهُ فَلَمَّا انْقَطَعَ سَيْفُهُ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص انْقَطَعَ سَيْفِي وَ لَا سَيْفَ لِي فَخَلَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص سَيْفَهُ ذَا الْفَقَارِ فَقَلَّدَ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ مَشَى إِلَى جَمْعِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَكَانَ لَا يَبْرُزُ لَهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا قَتَلَهُ

He said, ‘And Ali^-aswsneither duelled a horseman nor a foot soldier except Allah^-azwj Killed him at his^-aswshand, until his^-aswssword was cut. When his^-aswssword was cut, he^-aswscame to Rasool-Allah^-saww and said: ‘O Rasool-Allah^-saww! My^-aswssword is cut and there is no sword for me^-asws’. Rasool-Allah^-saww gave his^-saww sword Zulfiqar and collared Ali^-aswswith it, and he^-aswswalked to the gathering of the Polytheists. It was so that no one duelled him^-aswsexcept he^-aswskilled him.

فَلَمْ يَزَلْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ حَتَّى وَهَنَتْ ذِرَاعُهُ‏ فَعَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ذَلِكَ فِيهِ فَنَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُكَ وَ رَسُولُكَ جَعَلْتَ لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ وَزِيراً مِنْ أَهْلِهِ لِتَشُدَّ بِهِ عَضُدَهُ وَ تُشْرِكَهُ فِي أَمْرِهِ وَ جَعَلْتَ لِي وَزِيراً مِنْ أَهْلِي عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَخِي فَنِعْمَ الْأَخُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَزِيرُ

He^-aswsdid not cease to be upon that until his^-aswsarmour was weakened, and Rasool-Allah^-saww recognised that in him^-asws. Rasool-Allah^-saww looked towards the sky and said: ‘O Allah^-azwj! Muhammad^-saww is Your^-azwj servant and Your^-azwj Rasool^-saww. You^-azwj Made a vizier for every Prophet^-as to be from his^-as family for his^-as back to be strengthened by him and participate in his^-as matter, and You^-azwj Made a vizier for me^-saww from my^-saww family, Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws, my^-saww brother^-asws. He^-aswsis the best of the brothers and best of the viziers.

اللَّهُمَّ وَعَدْتَنِي أَنْ تُمِدَّنِي بِأَرْبَعَةِ آلَافٍ‏ مِنَ الْمَلائِكَةِ مُرْدِفِينَ‏ اللَّهُمَّ وَعْدَكَ وَعْدَكَ‏ إِنَّكَ لا تُخْلِفُ الْمِيعادَ وَعَدْتَنِي أَنْ تُظْهِرَ دِينَكَ‏ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ‏

O Allah^-azwj! You^-azwj Promised me^-saww that You^-azwj will Help me^-saww with four thousand of the Angels, following one another [8:9]. O Allah^-azwj: surely, You do not break the Promise’ [3:194]. And You^-azwj Promised that You^-azwj will Make Your^-azwj Religion prevail upon all the Religions, and even if the Polytheists dislike it [9:33]’.

قَالَ فَبَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَدْعُو رَبَّهُ وَ يَتَضَرَّعُ إِلَيْهِ إِذْ سَمِعَ دَوِيّاً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَإِذَا جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى كُرْسِيٍّ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَ مَعَهُ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافٍ‏ مِنَ الْمَلائِكَةِ مُرْدِفِينَ‏ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ لَا فَتَى إِلَّا عَلِيٌّ وَ لَا سَيْفَ إِلَّا ذُو الْفَقَارِ

He said, ‘While Rasool-Allah^-saww was supplicating to his^-saww Lord^-azwj and beseeching to Him^-azwj when he^-saww heard a call from the sky. So he^-saww raised his^-saww head and there was Jibraeel^-as upon a golden chair and with him^-as were four thousand of the Angels, following one another [8:9], and he^-saww was saying: ‘There is no youth (Momin) except Ali^-aswsand there is no sword except Zulfiqar’.

فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى الصَّخْرَةِ وَ حَفَّتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَسَلَّمُوا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ص يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِالَّذِي‏ أَكْرَمَكَ بِالْهُدَى لَقَدْ عَجِبَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ لِمُوَاسَاةِ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ لَكَ بِنَفْسِهِ فَقَالَ يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ مَا يَمْنَعُهُ يُوَاسِينِي بِنَفْسِهِ وَ هُوَ مِنِّي وَ أَنَا مِنْهُ فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ أَنَا مِنْكُمَا حَتَّى قَالَهَا ثَلَاثاً

Jibraeel^-as descended upon the rock and the Angels surrounded Rasool-Allah^-saww and greeted to him^-saww. Jibraeel^-as said: ‘O Rasool-Allah^-saww! By the One^-azwj Who Honoured you^-saww with the Guidance! The Angels of Proximity are astounded at the consolation of this man for you^-saww by himself^-asws’. He^-saww said: ‘O Jibraeel^-as! And what prevents him^-aswsfrom consoling me^-saww by himself^-aswsand he^-aswsis from me^-saww and I^-saww am from him^-asws?’ Jibraeel^-as said: ‘And I^-as from you^-aswsboth’ – until he^-as said it thrice.

ثُمَّ حَمَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ حَمَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى هَزَمَ جَمْعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ تَشَتَّتَ‏ أَمْرُهُمْ فَمَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي‏ طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ مَعَهُ اللِّوَاءُ قَدْ خَضَبَهُ بِالدَّمِ وَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ خَلْفَهُ

Then Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-aswsattacked, and Jibraeel^-as and the Angels attacked. Then Allah^-azwj the Exalted Defeated the forces of the Polytheists and scattered their affairs. Rasool-Allah^-saww went and Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-aswswas in front of him^-saww and with him^-aswswas the flag which had been dyed with the blood, and Abu Dujana was behind him^-asws.

فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَإِذَا نِسَاءُ الْأَنْصَارِ يَبْكِينَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَلَمَّا نَظَرُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص اسْتَقْبَلَهُ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ وَ مَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَ نَظَرَ إِلَى النَّاسِ‏ فَتَضَرَّعُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ إِلَى رَسُولِهِ وَ أَقَرُّوا بِالذَّنْبِ وَ طَلَبُوا التَّوْبَةَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ قُرْآناً يَعِيبُهُمْ بِالْبَغْيِ الَّذِي كَانَ مِنْهُمْ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى‏ وَ لَقَدْ كُنْتُمْ تَمَنَّوْنَ الْمَوْتَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَلْقَوْهُ فَقَدْ رَأَيْتُمُوهُ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَنْظُرُونَ‏

When he^-saww arrive at Al-Medina, there the women of the Helpers were crying over Rasool-Allah^-azwj. When they looked at Rasool-Allah^-saww, the people of Al-Medina, all of them received him^-saww, and Rasool-Allah^-saww went to the Masjid and looked at the people, and they were beseeching to Allah^-azwj and to His^-azwj Rasool^-saww and acknowledging the sins and seeking the repentance. So, Allah^-azwj Revealed Quran regarding them faulting them for the rebellion which transpired from them, and that is the Word of the Exalted: And you were desiring the death before you met it, so you have seen it and you were looking on [3:143].

يَقُولُ قَدْ عَايَنْتُمُ الْمَوْتَ وَ الْعَدُوَّ فَلِمَ نَقَضْتُمُ الْعَهْدَ وَ جَزِعْتُمْ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ وَ قَدْ عَاهَدْتُمُ اللَّهَ أَنْ لَا تَنْهَزِمُوا حَتَّى قَالَ بَعْضُكُمْ قُتِلَ مُحَمَّدٌ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى‏ وَ ما مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ‏ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ‏ وَ سَيَجْزِي اللَّهُ الشَّاكِرِينَ‏ يَعْنِي عَلِيّاً وَ أَبَا دُجَانَةَ

He^-azwj is Saying that you all had seen the death and the enemy, and you did not break the covenant and you panicked from the death, and you had made a pact with Allah^-azwj that you will not be fleeing, to the extent that some of you said, ‘Muhammad^-saww has been killed!’ So Allah^-azwj the Exalted Revealed: And Muhammad is not except for a Rasool; the Rasools have already passed away before him; [3:144] – up to His^-azwj Words: and Allah would be Recompensing the grateful [3:144] – meaning Ali^-aswsand Abu Dujana’.

ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّكُمْ رَغِبْتُمْ بِأَنْفُسِكُمْ عَنِّي وَ وَازَرَنِي عَلِيٌّ وَ وَاسَانِي فَمَنْ أَطَاعَهُ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَنِي وَ مَنْ عَصَاهُ فَقَدْ عَصَانِي وَ فَارَقَنِي فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ

Then Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘O you people! You desired your own selves instead of me^-saww – and Ali^-asws backed me^-saww and consoled me^-saww. So, the one who obeys him^-aswshas obeyed me^-saww and the one who disobeys him^-aswsso he has disobeyed me^-saww and (so he) will be separate from me^-saww in the world and the Hereafter’.

قَالَ فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ لَيْسَ يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ يَعْقِلُ أَنْ يَشُكَّ فَمَنْ‏ لَمْ يُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ مِمَّنْ أَشْرَكَ بِهِ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَنْهَزِمْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَفْضَلُ مِمَّنِ انْهَزَمَ وَ إِنَّ السَّابِقَ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ أَفْضَلُ وَ هُوَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ‏

He said, ‘Huzeyfa said, ‘It isn’t befitting for anyone who has intellect that he doubts. So, the one who does not associate with Allah^-azwj, he is superior than the one who does associate with Him^-azwj, and the one who does not flee from Rasool-Allah^-saww is superior than the one who does flee, and the one preceding to the Eman with Allah^-azwj and His^-azwj Rasool^-saww is superior, and he is Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws’’.^[35]

وَمَنْ لَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَإِنَّا أَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَافِرِينَ سَعِيرًا {13}

And one who does not believe in Allah and His Rasool, so We have Prepared for the Kafirs, a Blazing Fire [48:13]

وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ يَغْفِرُ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۚ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَحِيمًا {14}

And for Allah is the Kingdom of the skies and the earth. He Forgives one He so Desires to and Punishes one He so Desires to, and Allah was always Forgiving, Merciful [48:14]

العياشي: عن جابر، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام) قال: «قال أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام): فاغترف الله غرفة بيمينه- و كلتا يديه يمين – من الماء العذب الفرات، فصلصلها في كفه فجمدت، ثم قال: منك أخلق النبيين و المرسلين و عبادي الصالحين، الأئمة المهديين، الدعاة إلى الجنة، و أتباعهم إلى يوم القيامة و لا ابالي، و لا اسأل عما أفعل و هم يسألون

Al-Ayyashi, from Jabir,

‘From Abu Ja’far^asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen^asws said: ‘Allah^azwj Scooped a Scoop with His^azwj Right Hand – and both His^azwj Hands are Right – of fresh water of the Euphrates, and He^azwj Shook it in His^azwj Palm, so it solidified. Then He^azwj Said: “From you I^azwj shall Create the Prophets^as, and the Mursils^as, and My^azwj righteous servants, the Guided Imams^asws, the inviters to the Paradise, and their^asws followers up to the Day of Judgment, and I^azwj do not Mind, nor will I^azwj be questioned about what I^azwj Do, and they (people) would be questioned”.

ثم اغترف الله غرفة بكفه الاخرى من الماء الملح الأجاج، فصلصلها في كفه فجمدت، ثم قال لها: منك أخلق الجبارين، و الفراعنة، و العتاة، و إخوان الشياطين، و أئمة الكفر، و الدعاة إلى النار، و أتباعهم إلى يوم القيامة، و لا ابالي، و لا أسأل عما أفعل و هم يسألون

Then Allah^azwj Scooped with His^azwj Palm another Scoop of salty water, and He^azwj Shook it in His^azwj Palm, so it solidified. Then He^azwj Said to it: “From you I^azwj shall Create the tyrants, and the Pharaohs, and the ruthless ones, and the brethren of the satans^la, and imams of Kufr, and the inviters to the Fire and their followers up to the Day of Judgment, and I^azwj do not Mind, nor will I^azwj be questioned about what I^azwj Do, and they would be Questioned”.

و اشترط في ذلك البداء فيهم، و لم يشترط في أصحاب اليمين البداء لله فيهم، ثم خلط الماءين في كفه جميعا فصلصلهما، ثم أكفأهما قدام عرشه، و هما بلة من طين

And He^azwj Stipulated in that the Change of Mind regarding them, and He^azwj did not Stipulate regarding the companions of the right hand, the Change of Mind of Allah^azwj regarding them. Then He^azwj Mixed the two waters in His^azwj Palm altogether, and He^azwj Shook these two, then He^azwj Placed these two in front of His^azwj Throne, and they were both sodden with clay’’.^[36]

سَيَقُولُ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ إِذَا انْطَلَقْتُمْ إِلَىٰ مَغَانِمَ لِتَأْخُذُوهَا ذَرُونَا نَتَّبِعْكُمْ ۖ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُبَدِّلُوا كَلَامَ اللَّهِ ۚ قُلْ لَنْ تَتَّبِعُونَا كَذَٰلِكُمْ قَالَ اللَّهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ ۖ فَسَيَقُولُونَ بَلْ تَحْسُدُونَنَا ۚ بَلْ كَانُوا لَا يَفْقَهُونَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا {15}

The ones staying behind would be saying to you when you go to spoils of war in order to take these, ‘Leave us to follow you’, intending to change the Speech of Allah. Say: ‘You will never follow us! Like that, Allah has Said from before’. So they would be saying, ‘But you are envying us’. But they were not understanding except a little [48:15]

قُلْ لِلْمُخَلَّفِينَ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ سَتُدْعَوْنَ إِلَىٰ قَوْمٍ أُولِي بَأْسٍ شَدِيدٍ تُقَاتِلُونَهُمْ أَوْ يُسْلِمُونَ ۖ فَإِنْ تُطِيعُوا يُؤْتِكُمُ اللَّهُ أَجْرًا حَسَنًا ۖ وَإِنْ تَتَوَلَّوْا كَمَا تَوَلَّيْتُمْ مِنْ قَبْلُ يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا {16}

Say to those from the Bedouins who stayed behind, ‘You will be called to (fight) a people of extreme violence, to fight them or they submit. So if you obey, Allah would Give you an excellent Recompense, and if you turn back just as you had turned back beforehand, He would Punish you with a painful Punishment [48:16]

لَيْسَ عَلَى الْأَعْمَىٰ حَرَجٌ وَلَا عَلَى الْأَعْرَجِ حَرَجٌ وَلَا عَلَى الْمَرِيضِ حَرَجٌ ۗ وَمَنْ يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يُدْخِلْهُ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ ۖ وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّ يُعَذِّبْهُ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا {17}

It isn’t upon the blind to go out, nor a blame upon the lame, nor a blame upon the sick ones. And one who obeys Allah and His Rasool, He would Enter him into Gardens with the rivers flowing beneath them, and one who turns back, He would Punish him with a painful Punishment [48:17]

علي بن إبراهيم: ثم ذكر الأعراب الذين تخلفوا عن رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، فقال: سَيَقُولُ لَكَ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ مِنَ الْأَعْرابِ شَغَلَتْنا أَمْوالُنا، إلى قوله تعالى وَ كُنْتُمْ قَوْماً بُوراً ، أي قوم سوء، و هم الذين استنفرهم في الحديبية. و لما رجع رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) إلى المدينة من الحديبية غزا خيبر فاستأذنه المخلفون أن يخرجوا معه، فأنزل الله: سَيَقُولُ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ إِذَا انْطَلَقْتُمْ إِلى مَغانِمَ لِتَأْخُذُوها ذَرُونا نَتَّبِعْكُمْ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُبَدِّلُوا كَلامَ اللَّهِ قُلْ لَنْ تَتَّبِعُونا كَذلِكُمْ قالَ اللَّهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَسَيَقُولُونَ بَلْ تَحْسُدُونَنا بَلْ كانُوا لا يَفْقَهُونَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا

Ali Bin Ibrahim –

‘Then He^-azwj Mentions the Bedouins who kept themselves behind from (going to war with) Rasool-Allah^-saww, so He^-azwj Said: Those Bedouins who stayed behind will be saying to you, ‘Our wealth and our families pre-occupied us [48:11] – up to His^-azwj Words and you were a doomed people [48:12] – i.e., an evil people, and they are the ones whom he^-saww had mobilised during Al-Hudaybiyya. And when Rasool-Allah^-saww returned to Al-Medina from (the military expedition of) Al-Hudaybiyya, he^-saww went on the military expedition of Khaybar. So they sought permission to be left behind from going out with him^-saww’.[37]

VERSE 18

لَقَدْ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذْ يُبَايِعُونَكَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ فَعَلِمَ مَا فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ فَأَنْزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَثَابَهُمْ فَتْحًا قَرِيبًا {18}

Allah was Pleased from the Momineen when they pledged their allegiances to you under the tree, and He Knew what was in their hearts, so He Sent down the tranquillity upon them and Rewarded them with a near victory [48:18]

محمد بن العباس، قال: حدثنا محمد بن أحمد الواسطي، عن زكريا بن يحيى، عن إسماعيل بن عثمان، عن عمار الدهني، عن أبي الزبير، عن جابر عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: قلت: قول الله عز و جل: لَقَدْ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذْ يُبايِعُونَكَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ كم كانوا؟ قال: «ألفا و مائتين» قلت: هل كان فيهم علي (عليه السلام)؟ قال: نعم [علي‏] سيدهم و شريفهم

Muhammad Bin Al-Abbas, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al-Wasity, from Zakariyya Bin Yahya, from Ismail Bin Usman, from Amaar Al-Dahny, from Abu Al-Zubeyr, from Jabir,

‘I asked from Abu Ja’far^-asws, ‘(What about) the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Allah was Pleased from the Momineen when they pledged their allegiances to you under the tree [48:18], how many were they?’ He^-asws said: ‘One thousand two hundred’. I said, ‘Was Ali^-asws among them?’ He^-asws said: ‘Yes, Ali^-asws was the Chief of them, and the most noble of them’.[38]

علي بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثني الحسين بن عبد الله السكيني، عن أبي سعيد البجلي، عن عبد الملك بن هارون، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، عن آبائه، عن أمير المؤمنين (عليهم السلام)، قال: «أنا الذي ذكر الله اسمه في التوراة و الإنجيل بمؤازرة رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و أنا أول من بايع رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) تحت الشجرة في قوله تعالى: لَقَدْ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذْ يُبايِعُونَكَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Al-Husayn Bin Abdullah Al-Sakayni, from Abu Saeed Al-Bajaly, from Abdul Malik Bin Haroun,

‘Abu Abdullah^-asws, from his^-asws forefathers^-asws, from Amir-Al-Momineen^-asws having said: ‘I^-asws am the one whose name Allah^-azwj Mentioned in the Torah and the Evangel with the successorship of Rasool-Allah^-saww, and I^-asws was the first one to pledge allegiance to Rasool-Allah^-saww under the tree, in the Words of the Exalted: Allah was Pleased from the Momineen when they pledged their allegiances to you under the tree [48:18]’.[39]

See Appendix I on treaty of Hudabiya.

Hudaybiyya Treaty | Hubeali

VERSES 19 – 25

وَمَغَانِمَ كَثِيرَةً يَأْخُذُونَهَا ۗ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا {19}

And they would be taking many spoils of war, and Allah was always Mighty, Wise [48:19]

وَعَدَكُمُ اللَّهُ مَغَانِمَ كَثِيرَةً تَأْخُذُونَهَا فَعَجَّلَ لَكُمْ هَٰذِهِ وَكَفَّ أَيْدِيَ النَّاسِ عَنْكُمْ وَلِتَكُونَ آيَةً لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَيَهْدِيَكُمْ صِرَاطًا مُسْتَقِيمًا {20}

Allah Promises you many spoils of war you would be taking, and He Hastened this one for you and Restrained the hands of the people from you, and for it to be a Sign for the Momineen and (for) Him to Guide you to a Straight Path [48:20]

وَأُخْرَىٰ لَمْ تَقْدِرُوا عَلَيْهَا قَدْ أَحَاطَ اللَّهُ بِهَا ۚ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرًا {21}

And others you were not able upon, Allah had Encompassed these, and Allah would always be Able upon all things [48:21]

وَلَوْ قَاتَلَكُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوَلَّوُا الْأَدْبَارَ ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُونَ وَلِيًّا وَلَا نَصِيرًا {22}

And if those who commit Kufr were to fight you, they would turn their backs, then they will neither find a guardian nor a helper [48:22]

سُنَّةَ اللَّهِ الَّتِي قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ ۖ وَلَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّةِ اللَّهِ تَبْدِيلًا {23}

(This) is a Sunnah of Allah which has passed from before, and you will never find any changes in the Sunnah of Allah [48:23]

وَهُوَ الَّذِي كَفَّ أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنْكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ عَنْهُمْ بِبَطْنِ مَكَّةَ مِنْ بَعْدِ أَنْ أَظْفَرَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرًا {24}

And He is the One Who Restrained their hand from you, and your hands from them in the valley of Makkah from after your victory over them, and Allah was always Seeing with what you do [48:24]

هُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَصَدُّوكُمْ عَنِ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَالْهَدْيَ مَعْكُوفًا أَنْ يَبْلُغَ مَحِلَّهُ ۚ وَلَوْلَا رِجَالٌ مُؤْمِنُونَ وَنِسَاءٌ مُؤْمِنَاتٌ لَمْ تَعْلَمُوهُمْ أَنْ تَطَئُوهُمْ فَتُصِيبَكُمْ مِنْهُمْ مَعَرَّةٌ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ ۖ لِيُدْخِلَ اللَّهُ فِي رَحْمَتِهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۚ لَوْ تَزَيَّلُوا لَعَذَّبْنَا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْهُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا {25}

They are those who committed Kufr and blocked you from the Sacred Masjid, and prevented the sacrificial animal to reach its place. And if the Momineen men and the Mominaat women, whom you did not know might have been trampled upon, then a harm might have afflicted you from them without knowledge – in order for Allah to Enter into His Mercy one He so Desires to. If they had been apart, We would have Punished those who committed Kufr from them with a painful Punishment [48:25]

علي بن إبراهيم: ثم أخبر الله عز و جل نبيه (صلى الله عليه و آله) بعلة الصلح، و ما أجاز الله لنبيه، فقال:هُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَ صَدُّوكُمْ عَنِ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرامِ وَ الْهَدْيَ مَعْكُوفاً أَنْ يَبْلُغَ مَحِلَّهُ وَ لَوْ لا رِجالٌ مُؤْمِنُونَ وَ نِساءٌ مُؤْمِناتٌ يعني بمكة: لَمْ تَعْلَمُوهُمْ أَنْ تَطَؤُهُمْ فَتُصِيبَكُمْ مِنْهُمْ مَعَرَّةٌ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ

Ali Bin Ibrahim –

‘Then Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Informed His^-azwj Prophet^-saww about the reasons for the peace treaty, and what Allah^-azwj had Permitted to His^-azwj Prophet^-saww, so He^-azwj Said: They are those who committed Kufr and blocked you from the Sacred Masjid, and prevented the sacrificial animal to reach its place. And if the Momineen men and the Mominaat women [48:25] – Meaning the ones who were in Makkah, whom you did not know might have been trampled upon, then a harm might have afflicted you from them without knowledge.

فأخبر الله نبيه أن علة الصلح إنما كان للمؤمنين و المؤمنات الذين كانوا بمكة، و لو لم يكن صلح و كانت الحرب لقتلوا

So Allah^-azwj Informed His^-azwj Prophet^-saww of the reasons for the reconciliation, which was for the safety of the Momineen men and the Mominaat women who were at Makkah, and had it not been for the reconciliation and a battle had ensued, they would have been killed.

فلما كان الصلح آمنوا و أظهروا الإسلام، و يقال: إن ذلك الصلح كان أعظم فتحا على المسلمين من غلبهم

So, when the reconciliation took place, they were safe, and Al-Islam was triumphant, and it was said, ‘That reconciliation (Peace treaty at Al-Hudaybiyya) was the greatest victory for the Muslims over the ones they overcame’.[40]

ابن بابويه، قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسرور (رحمه الله)، قال: حدثنا الحسين بن محمد ابن عامر، عن عمه عبد الله بن عامر، عن محمد بن أبي عمير، عمن ذكره، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، [قال‏]: قلت له: ما بال أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) لم يقاتل فلانا و فلانا؟ قال: «لآية في كتاب الله عز و جل: لَوْ تَزَيَّلُوا لَعَذَّبْنَا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْهُمْ عَذاباً أَلِيماً

Ibn Babuwayh, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masroor, from Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad Ibn Aamir, from his uncle Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from the one who mentioned it,

‘Abu Abdullah^-asws replied, ‘ (when) I asked from him^-asws, ‘What was it with Amir Al-Momineen^-asws that he did not kill so and so, and so and so (Abu Bakr and Umar)?’ He^-asws said: ‘The Verse in the Book of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: If they had been apart, We would have Punished those who committed Kufr from them with a painful Punishment [48:25]’.

قال: قلت: و ما يعني بتزايلهم؟ قال: «ودائع مؤمنون في أصلاب قوم كافرين، و كذلك القائم (عليه السلام) لن يظهر أبدا حتى تخرج ودائع الله عز و جل، فإذا خرجت ظهر على من ظهر من أعداء الله عز و جل فقتلهم

I said, ‘And what is the Meaning of their having been apart?’ He^-asws said: ‘And the Momineen are deposits in the loins of the Kafirs, and similar to that is Al-Qaim^-asws, who will never appear ever, until Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Extracts (all of) these deposits. So when they are exited from the backs of the enemies of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic, he^-asws (Al-Qaim^-asws) would kill them’.[41]

و عنه، قال: حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي (رحمه الله)، قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسعود، عن أبيه، عن علي بن محمد، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن إبراهيم الكرخي، قال: قلت لأبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، أو قال له رجل: أصلحك الله ألم يكن علي (عليه السلام) قويا في دين الله عز و جل؟ قال: «بلى» قال: فكيف ظهر عليه القوم، و كيف لم يدفعهم، و ما منعه من ذلك؟ قال: «آية في كتاب الله عز و جل منعته

And from him, from Al-Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al-Muzaffar Al-Alawy, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Msa’ud, from his father, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ibrahim Al-Karkhy who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah^-asws, ‘May Allah^-azwj Keep you^-asws well! Wasn’t Ali^-asws strong in the Religion of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’ He^-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So how did the people overcome him^-asws, and why was it that he^-asws did not repulse them, and what is the meaning of it from that?’ He^-asws said: ‘A Verse in the Book of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Prevented him^-asws’.

قال: قلت: و أية آية هي؟ قال: «قوله عز و جل: لَوْ تَزَيَّلُوا لَعَذَّبْنَا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْهُمْ عَذاباً أَلِيماً، إنه كان لله عز و جل ودائع مؤمنون في أصلاب قوم كافرين و منافقين، فلم يكن علي (عليه السلام) ليقتل الآباء حتى تخرج الودائع، فلما خرجت الودائع ظهر على من ظهر، فقاتله

I said, ‘And which Verse is it?’ He^-asws said: ‘The Words of the Mighty and Majestic: If they had been apart, We would have Punished those who committed Kufr from them with a painful Punishment [48:25]. Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Deposited Momineen in the loins of the Kafirs and the hypocrites. So it was not for Ali^-asws to kill their forefathers until the deposits come out. So when the deposits did come out from the backs in which they were in, he^-asws killed them.

و كذلك قائمنا أهل البيت، لن يظهر أبدا حتى تظهر و ودائع الله عز و جل، فإذا ظهرت ظهر على من ظهر، فقتله

And similar to that is our^-asws Qaim^-asws of the People^-asws of the Household, who will never ever appear until these deposits of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic appear. So when they appear from the backs in which they were in, he^-asws would kill them’.[42]

و عنه، قال: حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي السمرقندي (رحمه الله)، قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسعود، عن أبيه، قال: حدثنا جبرئيل بن أحمد، قال: حدثني محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد، عن يونس بن عبد الرحمن، عن منصور بن حازم، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال في قول الله عز و جل: لَوْ تَزَيَّلُوا لَعَذَّبْنَا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْهُمْ عَذاباً أَلِيماً: «لو أخرج الله عز و جل ما في أصلاب المؤمنين من الكافرين، و ما في أصلاب الكافرين من المؤمنين، لعذب الذين كفروا

And from him, from Al-Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al-Alawy Al-Samarqandy, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father, from Jibraeel Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin isa Bin Ubeyd, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Mansour Bin Hazim,

‘Abu Abdullah^-asws has said regarding the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: If they had been apart, We would have Punished those who committed Kufr from them with a painful Punishment [48:25]: ‘Had Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Brought out the Kafirs who are in the loins of the Momineen, and the Momineen who are in loins of the Kafirs, He^-azwj Punish those who commit Kufr’.[43]

VERSE 26

إِذْ جَعَلَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الْحَمِيَّةَ حَمِيَّةَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِ وَعَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَأَلْزَمَهُمْ كَلِمَةَ التَّقْوَىٰ وَكَانُوا أَحَقَّ بِهَا وَأَهْلَهَا ۚ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمًا {26}

When those who committed Kufr made the fanaticism to be in their hearts, fanaticism of the (days of) ignorance, then Allah Sent down the tranquillity upon His Rasool and upon the Momineen and Necessitated the Word of piety for them, and they were deserving of it and rightful of it, and Allah was always Knowing of all things [48:26]

The tranquillity

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Yunus, from Jameel who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullah^-asws about the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: He is the One Who Sent down the tranquillity into the hearts of the Momineen [48:4]. He^-asws said: ‘It is the Eman’.

قَالَ هُوَ الْإِيمَانُ قَالَ وَ أَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ قَالَ هُوَ الْإِيمَانُ

He (the narrator) said, ‘(What about): And Aided them with a Spirit from Him [58:22] and He has Supported them with a Spirit from Him?’ He^-asws said: ‘It is the Eman’.

وَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ وَ أَلْزَمَهُمْ كَلِمَةَ التَّقْوى قَالَ هُوَ الْإِيمَانُ

And about His^-azwj Words: and Necessitated the Word of piety for them [48:26]. He^-asws said: ‘It is the Eman’.[44]

We need more Ahadith on the Al-Sakeena,

The Word of piety

تأويله: رواه الحسن بن أبي الحسن الديلمى (رحمه الله) بإسناده عن رجاله، عن مالك بن عبد الله قال: قلت لمولاي الرضا عليه السلام: قوله تعالى (وألزمهم كلمة التقوى وكانوا أحق بها) قال: هي ولاية أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام. فالمعنى: أن الملزمين بهاهم شيعته ” وكانوا أحق بها وأهلها

Its explanation – It has been reported by Al-Hassan Bin Abu Al-Hassan Bin Abu Al-Hassan Al-Dulaymi, by his chain from his men, from Maalik Bin Abdullah who said,

‘I said to my Master Al-Reza^-asws, ‘(What about) the Words of the Exalted: and Necessitated the Word of piety for them, and they were deserving of it and rightful of it?’ He^-asws said: ‘It is the Wilayah of Amir Al-Momineen^-asws. So the Meaning of the one upon whom it has been necessitated are the Shias, and they were: deserving of it and rightful of it [48:26]’.[45]

الشيخ في (أماليه)، قال: أخبرنا محمد بن محمد، قال: أخبرني المظفر بن محمد البلخي، قال: حدثنا محمد بن جرير، قال: حدثنا عيسى، قال: «أخبرنا مخول بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثنا عبد الرحمن بن الأسود، عن محمد بن عبيد الله، عن عمر بن علي، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، عن آبائه (عليهم السلام)، قال: «قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): إن الله عهد إلي عهدا، فقلت: رب بينه لي: قال: اسمع. قلت: سمعت

Al-Sheykh in his Amaali, from Muhammad Bin Muhammad, from Al-Muzaffar Bin Muhammad Al-Balkhy, from Muhammad Bin Jareer, from Isa, from Makhowl Bin Ibrahim, from Abdul Rahman Bin Al-Aswad, from Muhammad Bin Ubeydullah, from Umar Bin Ali,

‘Abu Ja’far^-asws, from his^-asws forefathers^-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww said that: ‘Allah^-azwj Oathed to me^-saww an oath, so I^-saww said: ‘Lord^-azwj! Explain if for me^-saww’. He^-azwj Said: “Listen!” I said, ‘I^-saww am listening’.

قال: يا محمد، إن عليا راية الهدى بعدك، و إمام أوليائي، و نور من أطاعني، و هو الكلمة التي ألزمها الله المتقين، فمن أحبه فقد أحبني، و من أبغضه فقد أبغضني، فبشره بذلك

He^-azwj Said: “O Muhammad^-saww! Ali^-asws is the Banner of Guidance after you^-saww, and the Imam^-asws of My^-azwj friends, and a Light for the one who obeys Me^-azwj, and he^-asws is the Word which Allah^-azwj has Necessitated upon the pious. So the one who loves him^-asws, so he has loved Me^-azwj, and the one who hates him^-asws, so he has hated Me^-azwj. Therefore, give him^-asws the glad tidings of that”.[46]

VERSE 27

لَقَدْ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ رَسُولَهُ الرُّؤْيَا بِالْحَقِّ ۖ لَتَدْخُلُنَّ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ مُحَلِّقِينَ رُءُوسَكُمْ وَمُقَصِّرِينَ لَا تَخَافُونَ ۖ فَعَلِمَ مَا لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا فَجَعَلَ مِنْ دُونِ ذَٰلِكَ فَتْحًا قَرِيبًا {27}

Allah has Validated the dream of His Rasool with the Truth – You will be entering the Sacred Masjid in safety if Allah so Desires, your heads being shaven and (others) with hair-cut, not fearing. He Knows what you do not know, and He Made from besides that, a near victory [48:27]

ابن بابويه: عن أبيه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار: قال: حدثنا أبو سعيد الآدمي، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن علي بن رئاب، عن الحسن بن زياد العطار، قال: قلت لأبي عبد الله (عليه السلام): إنهم يقولون لنا: أ مؤمنون أنتم؟ فنقول: نعم، إن شاء الله تعالى. فيقولون: أليس المؤمنون في الجنة؟ فنقول: بلى. فيقولون: أ فأنتم في الجنة؟ فإذا نظرنا إلى أنفسنا ضعفنا و انكسرنا عن الجواب

Ibn Babuwayh, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al-Ataar, from Abu Saeed Al-Admy, from Al-Hasan Bin Mahboub, from Ali Bin Ra’ib, from Al-Hassan Bin Ziyad Al-Ataar who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah^-asws, ‘They (people) are saying to us, ‘Are you Momineen?’. So we are saying to them, ‘Yes, if Allah^-azwj so Desires’. So they are saying, ‘Aren’t the Momineen going to be in the Paradise?’ So we are saying to them, ‘Yes’. Then they are saying, ‘So you are all going to be in the Paradise?’ But, when we look into our weak selves, we are deficient in the answer’.

قال: فقال: «إذا قالوا لكم: أ مؤمنون أنتم؟ فقولوا: نعم، إن شاء الله تعالى

He (the narrator) said, ‘He^-asws said: ‘Whenever they say to you, ‘Are you all Momineen?’ then say to them, ‘Yes, if Allah^-azwj the Exalted so Desires’.

قال: قلت: و إنهم يقولون: إنما استثنيتم لأنكم شكاك. قال: فقولوا لهم: و الله ما نحن بشكاك، و لكنا استثنينا كما قال الله عز و جل: لَتَدْخُلُنَّ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرامَ إِنْ شاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ، و هو يعلم أنه يدخلونه أولا

I said, ‘And they are saying, ‘But rather you are mentioning the exclusion because you are in doubt’. He^-asws said; ‘So you should say to them, ‘By Allah^-azwj! We are not with doubt, but we are saying this just as Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Said: You will be entering the Sacred Masjid in safety if Allah so Desires [48:27], although He^-azwj Knew that they would be entering it beforehand.

و قد سمى الله عز و جل المؤمنين بالعمل الصالح مؤمنين، و لم يسم من ركب الكبائر، و ما وعد الله عز و جل عليه النار في قرآن و لا أثر، فلا يسميهم بالإيمان بعد ذلك الفعل

And Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Named them as Momineen due to correct actions of the Momineen, and did not Name it for the one who indulges in the major sins, and whatever Allah^-azwj has Obligated the Fire for its commission in the Quran and in Hadeeth. So do not refer to them as such (Momineen) after they have committed such actions’.[47]

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) الْفَرْقُ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَهَلْ فَرَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ فَرَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) وَ لَيْسَ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ قَالَ مَنْ أَصَابَهُ مَا أَصَابَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) يَفْرُقُ كَمَا فَرَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فَقَدْ أَصَابَ سُنَّةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) وَ إِلَّا فَلَا

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abu Nasr, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah^-asws, ‘The parting (of the hair) is from the Sunnah?’ He^-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘Did Rasool-Allah^-saww part (the hair)?’ He^-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘How is it that Rasool-Allah^-saww parted and it is not from the Sunnah?’ He^-asws said: ‘The one who is hit by what Rasool-Allah^-saww was hit by would be parting just as Rasool-Allah^-saww parted, and he would have abided by the Sunnah, or else, so no’.

قُلْتُ لَهُ كَيْفَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) حِينَ صُدَّ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ وَ قَدْ كَانَ سَاقَ الْهَدْيَ وَ أَحْرَمَ أَرَاهُ اللَّهُ الرُّؤْيَا الَّتِي أَخْبَرَهُ اللَّهُ بِهَا فِي كِتَابِهِ إِذْ يَقُولُ لَقَدْ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ رَسُولَهُ الرُّؤْيا بِالْحَقِّ لَتَدْخُلُنَّ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرامَ إِنْ شاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ مُحَلِّقِينَ رُؤُسَكُمْ وَ مُقَصِّرِينَ لا تَخافُونَ

I said to him^-asws, ‘How is that?’ He^-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww, when he^-saww was turned away from the House (Kabah), and he^-saww had ushered the sacrificial animal, and wore the Ihraam, Allah^-azwj Showed him^-saww the vision in which Allah^-azwj Informed him^-saww of it in His^-azwj Book: Allah has Validated the dream of His Rasool with the Truth – You will be entering the Sacred Masjid in safety if Allah so Desires, your heads being shaven and (others) with hair-cut, not fearing [48:27].

فَعَلِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) أَنَّ اللَّهَ سَيَفِي لَهُ بِمَا أَرَاهُ فَمِنْ ثَمَّ وَفَّرَ ذَلِكَ الشَّعْرَ الَّذِي كَانَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ حِينَ أَحْرَمَ انْتِظَاراً لِحَلْقِهِ فِي الْحَرَمِ حَيْثُ وَعَدَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَلَمَّا حَلَقَهُ لَمْ يُعِدْ فِي تَوْفِيرِ الشَّعْرِ وَ لَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله )

Thus, Rasool-Allah^-saww knew that Allah^-azwj would be Fulfilling for him with what He^-azwj had Shown him^-saww. So from then onwards, he^-saww preserved the hair which was upon his^-saww head when he^-saww was in Ihraam, awaiting to shave it off in the Harrum, (Sanctuary) since Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Promised him^-saww. So when he^-saww did shave it off, did not repeat the preservation of the hair, nor was that from his^-saww own self’.[48]

VERSE 28

هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَىٰ وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ ۚ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدًا {28}

He is the One Who Sent His Rasool with the Guidance and the Religion of Truth in order to Prevail it over all the Religions, and Suffice with Allah as a Witness [48:28]

و من طريق المخالفين: ما رواه ابن مردويه، عن الحسن بن علي (صلوات الله عليهما)، قال: «استوى الإسلام بسيف علي (عليه السلام)

And from Tareeq Al-Mukhalifeen is what Ibn Mardawayh has reported,

‘Al-Hassan Bin Ali^-asws having said: ‘Al-Islam was firmly established by the sword of Ali^-asws’.[49]

محمد بن يعقوب: عن علي بن محمد، عن بعض أصحابنا، عن ابن محبوب، عن محمد بن الفضيل، عن أبي الحسن الماضي (عليه السلام)، قال: قلت: هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدى وَ دِينِ الْحَقِّ؟ قال: «هو الذي أمر رسوله [بالولاية] لوصية، و الولاية هي دين الحق

Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from one of our companions, from Ibn Mahboub, from Muhammad Bin Al-Fazeyl,

‘I asked from Abu Al-Hassan^-asws, ‘(What about): He is the One Who Sent His Rasool with the Guidance and the Religion of Truth [48:28]?’ He^-asws said: ‘He^-azwj it is Who Commanded His^-azwj Rasool^-saww with the Wilayah of the successor^-asws, and the Wilayah is the Religion of the Truth (دين الحق)’.

قلت: لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ؟ قال: «يظهره على جميع الأديان عند قيام القائم، يقول الله: وَ اللَّهُ مُتِمُّ نُورِهِ، ولاية القائم وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بولاية علي (عليه السلام)

I said, ‘in order to Prevail it over all the Religions?’ He^-asws said: ‘Make it to prevail over all the Religions (existing) during the rising of Al-Qaim^-asws. Allah^-azwj is Saying: They are intending to extinguish the Light of Allah with their mouths but Allah will Complete His Light, and even if the Kafirs abhor it [61:8] – (Complete it) by the Wilayah of Ali^-asws’.[50]

VERSE 29

مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ۚ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ أَشِدَّاءُ عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ رُحَمَاءُ بَيْنَهُمْ ۖ تَرَاهُمْ رُكَّعًا سُجَّدًا يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًا مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَانًا ۖ سِيمَاهُمْ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ مِنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ مَثَلُهُمْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ ۚ وَمَثَلُهُمْ فِي الْإِنْجِيلِ كَزَرْعٍ أَخْرَجَ شَطْأَهُ فَآزَرَهُ فَاسْتَغْلَظَ فَاسْتَوَىٰ عَلَىٰ سُوقِهِ يُعْجِبُ الزُّرَّاعَ لِيَغِيظَ بِهِمُ الْكُفَّارَ ۗ وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ مِنْهُمْ مَغْفِرَةً وَأَجْرًا عَظِيمًا {29}

Muhammad is a Rasool of Allah, and those with him are hard upon the Kafirs, merciful between themselves. You will see them in Ruku and Sajdah seeking Grace and Pleasure from Allah. Their marks are in their faces from the effects of the Sajdahs. That is their example in the Torah.

And their example in the Evanjel is like a plant whose shoot comes out. So, it strengthens and thickens, and stands even upon its stem, fascinating the planters, in order to enrage the Kafirs by them.

Allah Promised those from them who believe and do the righteous deeds, Forgiveness and a Mighty Recompense [48:29]

أحمد بن محمد بن خالد البرقي في (المحاسن): عن محمد بن علي، عن محمد بن الفضيل، عن أبي حمزة الثماني، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: «المؤمن أخو المؤمن لأبيه و أمه، لأن الله خلق طينتهما من سبع سماوات، و هي من طينة الجنان

Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid Al-Barqy in Al-Mahasin, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Muhammad Bin Al-Fazeyl, from Abu Hamza Al-Sumaly,

‘Abu Ja’far^-asws having said: ‘The Momin is a brother of a Momin (just as being) from his father and his mother, because Allah^-azwj Created their clay from the seventh sky, and it is from the clay of the Gardens (of Paradise)’.

ثم تلا: رُحَماءُ بَيْنَهُمْ، فهل يكون الرحيم إلا برا وصولا

Then he^-aswsrecited: merciful between themselves [48:29], so can the mercy occur except by goodness and maintaining relationships?’

و في حديث آخر: «و أجرى فيهما من روح رحمته

And in another Hadeeth: ‘And He^-azwj Causes to flow in both of them from a Spirit of His^-azwj Mercy’’.[51]

[ البرقي ] عن محمد بن علي، عن محمد بن الفضيل، عن أبي حمزة الثمالي، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: ان الله تبارك وتعالى أجرى في المؤمن من ريح روح الله والله تبارك وتعالى يقول: * (رحماء بينهم) *

Al Barqy – From Muhammad Bin Ali, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly,

Abu Ja’far^-asws has said: ‘Allah^-azwj Blessed and Exalted Caused to flow within the Momin from a wind, a Spirit of Allah^-azwj, and Allah^-azwj Blessed and Exalted is Saying: merciful between themselves [48:29]’.[52]

For detailed Ahadeeth on the relationship between two Momins refer to The Book of the Momin – https://hubeali.com/books/English-Books/KitabAlMomin.pdf

ابن بابويه، بإسناده في (الفقيه): عن عبد الله بن سنان، قال: سئل الصادق (عليه السلام) عن قول الله عز و جل: سِيماهُمْ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ مِنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ، قال: «هو السهر في الصلاة»

Ibn Babuwayh, by his chain, in Al-Faqih, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,

‘I asked Al-Sadiq^-asws about the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Their marks are in their faces from the effects of the Sajdahs [48:29], he^-asws said: ‘It is the vigilance during the Salat’.[53]

الشيخ في (أماليه) قال: أخبرنا الحفار، قال: حدثنا إسماعيل، قال: حدثنا دعبل، قال: حدثنا مجاشع بن عمرو، عن ميسرة بن عبيد الله، عن عبد الكريم الجزري، عن سعيد بن جبير، عن ابن عباس، أنه سئل عن قول الله عز و جل: وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ عَمِلُوا الصَّالِحاتِ مِنْهُمْ مَغْفِرَةً وَ أَجْراً عَظِيماً، قال: سأل قوم النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) فقالوا: فيمن نزلت هذه الآية يا نبي الله؟

Al-Sheykh in his Amaali, from Al-Hafaar, from Ismail, from De’bal, from Majasha’a Bin Amro, from Maysara Bin Ubeydullah, from Abdul Kareem Al-Jazry, from Saeed Bin Jubeyr,

‘From Ibn Abbas who was asked about the Words of Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Allah Promised those from them who believe and do the righteous deeds, Forgiveness and a mighty Recompense [48:29], he said, ‘A group of people asked the Prophet^-saww (about it) saying, ‘With regards to whom has it been Revealed?’

قال: «إذا كان يوم القيامة، عقد لواء من نور أبيض، و نادى مناد: ليقم سيد المؤمنين [و معه الذين آمنوا بعد بعث محمد (صلى الله عليه و آله)]

He^-saww said: ‘When it will be the Day of Judgement, a Caller will Call out while holding a flag of white Light: “Let the Chief of the Momineen arise!” (And with him^-asws would be the ones who believed after the Sending of Muhammad^-saww).

فيقوم علي بن أبي طالب، فيعطي الله اللواء من النور الأبيض بيده، تحته جميع السابقين الأولين من المهاجرين و الأنصار، لا يخالطهم غيرهم، حتى يجلس على منبر من نور رب العزة، و يعرض الجميع عليه، رجلا رجلا، فيعطى أجره و نوره

Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws would stand, and Allah^-azwj would Give him^-asws the flag of white Light in his^-asws hand. Under it, would be all the Foremost ones of the Former ones from the Emigrants and the Helpers, not including with them anyone apart from them, until he^-asws would sit upon the Pulpit of Light of the Lord^-azwj of Honour. Everyone would be presented to him^-asws, man after man, and he^-asws would give him his Recompense and his Light.

فإذا أتى على آخرهم، قيل لهم: قد عرفتم موضعكم و منازلكم من الجنة، إن ربكم يقول: عندي لكم مغفرة و أجر عظيم يعني الجنة فيقوم علي بن أبي طالب و القوم تحت لوائه معه حتى يدخل الجنة

When he^-asws comes to the last of them, he^-asws would be said to all of them: ‘Do you now recognise your place and your status in the Paradise?’ Surely your Lord^-azwj is Saying: “With Me^-azwj is Forgiveness for you and a magnificent Recompense” – Meaning the Paradise. So Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws would arise, and the people would be under his^-asws flag with him^-asws until he^-asws enters them into the Paradise’.[54]

علي بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثني أبي، عن ابن أبي عمير، عن حماد، عن حريز

Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘My father narrated to me from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad, from Hareyz,

عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: «نزلت هذه الآية في اليهود و النصارى، يقول الله تبارك و تعالى: الَّذِينَ آتَيْناهُمُ الْكِتابَ يَعْرِفُونَهُ كَما يَعْرِفُونَ أَبْناءَهُمْ، يعني رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، لأن الله عز و جل قد أنزل عليهم في التوراة و الإنجيل و الزبور صفة محمد (صلى الله عليه و آله) و صفة أصحابه، و مبعثه و مهاجره

From Abu Abdullah^-asws having said: ‘This Verse was Revealed regarding the Jews and the Christians. Allah^-azwj Blessed and High is Saying: Those whom We have Given the Book are recognising him just as they are recognising their own sons; and a party of them are concealing the Truth while they are knowing [2:146] – Meaning (recognising) Rasool-Allah^-saww, because Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Revealed unto them in the Torah, and the Evangel, and the Psalms, a description of Muhammad^-saww and a description of his^-saww companions, and his^-saww Sending (as a Prophet) and his^-saww Emigration (Hijra).

و هو قوله تعالى: مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ الَّذِينَ مَعَهُ أَشِدَّاءُ عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ رُحَماءُ بَيْنَهُمْ تَراهُمْ رُكَّعاً سُجَّداً يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًا مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رِضْواناً سِيماهُمْ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ مِنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ ذلِكَ مَثَلُهُمْ فِي التَّوْراةِ وَ مَثَلُهُمْ فِي الْإِنْجِيلِ

And these are the Words of the Exalted: Muhammad is a Rasool of Allah, and those with him are hard upon the Kafirs, merciful between themselves. You will see them in Ruku and Sajdah seeking Grace and Pleasure from Allah. Their marks are in their faces from the effects of the Sajdahs. That is their example in the Torah. And their example in the Evanjel, [48:29].

فهذه صفة رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) و صفة أصحابه في التوراة و الإنجيل، فلما بعثه الله عز و جل، عرفه أهل الكتاب، كما قال جل جلاله

This is the description of Rasool-Allah^-saww and the description of his^-saww companions in the Torah and the Evangel. When Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent him^-saww, the People of the Book recognised him, just as Allah^-azwj, Mighty is His^-azwj Majestic, Said’’.[55]

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي لَأَرَى بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِنَا يَعْتَرِيهِ النَّزَقُ وَ الْحِدَّةُ وَ الطَّيْشُ فَأَغْتَمُّ لِذَلِكَ غَمّاً شَدِيداً وَ أَرَى مَنْ خَالَفَنَا فَأَرَاهُ حَسَنَ السَّمْتِ قَالَ لَا تَقُلْ حَسَنَ السَّمْتِ فَإِنَّ السَّمْتَ سَمْتُ الطَّرِيقِ وَ لَكِنْ قُلْ حَسَنَ السِّيمَاءِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ سِيماهُمْ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ مِنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ

Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, from one of our companions, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah^-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you^-asws! I see one of our companions as being temperamental, and irritable and reckless. So I become gloomy due to that with intense gloom; and I see the one who opposes us, and I see him being on a good way’. He^-asws said: ‘Do not say, ‘He is of the good mannerisms’, for the good mannerisms is the goodness of the way, but say, ‘He is of good appearance’, for Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: Their marks are in their faces from the effects of the Sajdahs [48:29]’.

قَالَ قُلْتُ فَأَرَاهُ حَسَنَ السِّيمَاءِ وَ لَهُ وَقَارٌ فَأَغْتَمُّ لِذَلِكَ

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘So I see him (the adversary) being of the good appearance, and for him is dignity, and I become gloomy due to that’.

قَالَ لَا تَغْتَمَّ لِمَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ نَزَقِ أَصْحَابِكَ وَ لِمَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ حُسْنِ سِيمَاءِ مَنْ خَالَفَكَ

He^-asws said: ‘Do not be gloomy due to what you see from the irritability of your companions, and due to what you see from the goodly appearance of the one opposed to you.

إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ آدَمَ خَلَقَ تِلْكَ الطِّينَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ فَرَّقَهُمَا فِرْقَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ كُونُوا خَلْقاً بِإِذْنِي فَكَانُوا خَلْقاً بِمَنْزِلَةِ الذَّرِّ يَسْعَى وَ قَالَ لِأَهْلِ الشِّمَالِ كُونُوا خَلْقاً بِإِذْنِي فَكَانُوا خَلْقاً بِمَنْزِلَةِ الذَّرِّ يَدْرُجُ

When Allah^-azwj Blessed and Exalted Intended to Create Adam^-as, Created those two clays, then separated between the two as two parts. Then He^-azwj Said to the companions of the right: “Be Created by My^-azwj Permission!” So they became creatures at the status of the particles running around; and He^-azwj Said to the people of the left: “Be Created by My^-azwj Permission!” So, they became creatures at the status of the particles toddling around.

ثُمَّ رَفَعَ لَهُمْ نَاراً فَقَالَ ادْخُلُوهَا بِإِذْنِي فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ دَخَلَهَا مُحَمَّدٌ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) ثُمَّ اتَّبَعَهُ أُولُو الْعَزْمِ مِنَ الرُّسُلِ وَ أَوْصِيَاؤُهُمْ وَ أَتْبَاعُهُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ ادْخُلُوهَا بِإِذْنِي فَقَالُوا رَبَّنَا خَلَقْتَنَا لِتُحْرِقَنَا فَعَصَوْا

Then He^-azwj Raised a fire for them, and He^-azwj Said: ‘Enter into it by My^-azwj Permission!” So the first one to enter it was Muhammad^-saww. Then the Determined ones (Ul Al-Azam) from the Rasools^-as followed him^-saww, and their^-as successors^-as, and their^-as followers. Then He^-azwj Said to the companions of the left: ‘Enter into it by My^-azwj Permission!” So they said, ‘Our Lord^-azwj! You^-azwj Created us to incinerate us?’ So they disobeyed.

فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ اخْرُجُوا بِإِذْنِي مِنَ النَّارِ لَمْ تَكْلِمِ النَّارُ مِنْهُمْ كَلْماً وَ لَمْ تُؤَثِّرْ فِيهِمْ أَثَراً فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الشِّمَالِ قَالُوا رَبَّنَا نَرَى أَصْحَابَنَا قَدْ سَلِمُوا فَأَقِلْنَا وَ مُرْنَا بِالدُّخُولِ قَالَ قَدْ أَقَلْتُكُمْ فَادْخُلُوهَا

He^-azwj Said to the companions of the right: “Come out by My^-azwj Permission, from the fire!” The fire did not injure any of them with an injury and did not leave any traces of its effects. So, when the companions of the left saw them, they said, ‘Our Lord^-azwj! We saw our companions have been saved. So, Forgive us and Command us with the entering’. He^-azwj Said: “I^-azwj have Forgiven you, so enter into it!”

فَلَمَّا دَنَوْا وَ أَصَابَهُمُ الْوَهَجُ رَجَعُوا فَقَالُوا يَا رَبَّنَا لَا صَبْرَ لَنَا عَلَى الِاحْتِرَاقِ فَعَصَوْا فَأَمَرَهُمْ بِالدُّخُولِ ثَلَاثاً كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَعْصُونَ وَ يَرْجِعُونَ وَ أَمَرَ أُولَئِكَ ثَلَاثاً كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يُطِيعُونَ وَ يَخْرُجُونَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ كُونُوا طِيناً بِإِذْنِي فَخَلَقَ مِنْهُ آدَمَ

When they approached and the terror hit them, they returned and they said, ‘O our Lord^-azwj! There is no patience for us upon the burning’, and they disobeyed. So He^-azwj Commanded with the entering, thrice, during each of that they were disobeying and they were returning, and He^-azwj Commanded those ones thrice, during each of that they were obeying and were coming out. So He^-azwj Said to them (all): “Be clay, by My^-azwj Permission!” So He^-azwj Created Adam^-as from it.

قَالَ فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ لَا يَكُونُ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ وَ مَنْ كَانَ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ لَا يَكُونُ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ وَ مَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ نَزَقِ أَصْحَابِكَ وَ خُلُقِهِمْ فَمِمَّا أَصَابَهُمْ مِنْ لَطْخِ أَصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ وَ مَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ حُسْنِ سِيمَاءِ مَنْ خَالَفَكُمْ وَ وَقَارِهِمْ فَمِمَّا أَصَابَهُمْ مِنْ لَطْخِ أَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ .

He^-asws said: ‘So the one who was from these would not happen to be from those, and the one who was from those would not happen to be from these, and whatever you see from the irritability of your companion and their mannerisms, so it is from what had hit them from the stains of the companions of the left; and whatever you see from the goodly appearance of the ones opposed to you, and their dignity, so it is from what hit them from the stains of the companions of the right’.[56]

Appendix I:

فس، تفسير القمي‏ إِنَّا فَتَحْنا لَكَ فَتْحاً- قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ‏ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ سَبَبُ نُزُولِ هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ وَ هَذَا الْفَتْحِ الْعَظِيمِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَمَرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص‏ فِي النَّوْمِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ وَ يَطُوفَ وَ يَحْلِقَ مَعَ الْمُحَلِّقِينَ فَأَخْبَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ بِالْخُرُوجِ فَخَرَجُوا

Tafseer Al-Qummi – (Re): Surely, We Opened for you a clear victory [48:1] – He said, ‘It is narrated to me by my father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Sinan,

‘From Abu Abdullah^-aswshaving said: ‘The reason for the Revelation of this Chapter and this great victory was that Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded Rasool-Allah^-saww during the sleep that he^-saww should enter the Sacred Masjid and perform Tawaaf and shave his^-saww head along with the shavers. So he^-saww informed his^-saww companions and ordered them with the going out. So they came out.

فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ ذَا الْحُلَيْفَةِ أَحْرَمُوا بِالْعُمْرَةِ وَ سَاقُوا الْبُدْنَ وَ سَاقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص سِتّاً وَ سِتِّينَ بَدَنَةً وَ أَشْعَرَهَا عِنْدَ إِحْرَامِهِ وَ أَحْرَمُوا مِنْ ذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ مُلَبِّينَ‏ بِالْعُمْرَةِ وَ قَدْ سَاقَ مَنْ سَاقَ مِنْهُمُ الْهَدْيَ مُعَرَّاتٍ‏ مُجَلَّلَاتٍ

When he^-saww descended at Zul Huleyfa, they wore Ihraam for the Umrah and ushered the sacrificial animals, and Rasool-Allah^-saww ushered sixty six sacrificial animals, and marked them during his^-saww Ihraam, and they wore Ihraam from Zul Huleyfa exclaiming Talbiyya for the Umrah, and the one from them who had ushered, ushered the sheep and the goats.

فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ قريش [قُرَيْشاً] ذَلِكَ بَعَثُوا خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ فِي مِائَتَيْ فَارِسٍ كَمِيناً لِيَسْتَقْبِلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَكَانَ‏ يُعَارِضُهُ عَلَى الْجِبَالِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ حَضَرَتْ صَلَاةُ الظُّهْرِ فَأَذَّنَ بِلَالٌ وَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالنَّاسِ فَقَالَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ لَوْ كُنَّا حَمَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فِي الصَّلَاةِ لَأَصَبْنَاهُمْ‏ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَقْطَعُونَ صَلَاتَهُمْ وَ لَكِنْ يَجِي‏ءُ لَهُمُ الْآنَ صَلَاةٌ أُخْرَى أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ ضِيَاءِ أَبْصَارِهِمْ فَإِذَا دَخَلُوا فِي الصَّلَاةِ أَغَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ

When that reached Quraysh, they sent Khalid Bin Al Waleed among two hundred horsemen to face Rasool-Allah^-saww. He had objected to him^-saww at the mountain. When he^-saww was in one of the roads, Al-Zohar Salat presented and Bilal proclaimed the Azaan, and Rasool-Allah^-saww prayed Salat with the people. Khalid Bin Al-Waleed said, ‘If we were to attack upon them during the Salat, we would attain from them, for they will not be terminating their Salat, but now another Salat is more beloved to them than the illumination of their visions. So, when they enter into the Salat, we will attack upon them’.

فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِصَلَاةِ الْخَوْفِ فِي قَوْلِهِ‏ وَ إِذا كُنْتَ فِيهِمْ فَأَقَمْتَ لَهُمُ الصَّلاةَ الْآيَةَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّانِي نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْحُدَيْبِيَةَ وَ هِيَ عَلَى طَرَفِ الْحَرَمِ‏ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَسْتَنْفِرُ الْأَعْرَابَ فِي طَرِيقِهِ مَعَهُ فَلَمْ يَتَّبِعْهُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ وَ يَقُولُونَ أَ يَطْمَعُ مُحَمَّدٌ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا الْحَرَمَ وَ قَدْ غَزَتْهُمْ قُرَيْشٌ فِي عُقْرِ دِيَارِهِمْ فَقَتَلُوهُمْ إِنَّهُ لَا يَرْجِعُ مُحَمَّدٌ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ أَبَداً

Jibraeel^-as descended unto Rasool-Allah^-saww with Salat of the fear, in His^-azwj Words: And when you (O Rasool) are among them, so establish the Salat for them [4:102] – the Verse. When it was during the second day, Rasool-Allah^-saww descended at Al-Hudaybiya, and it is at the end part of the Sanctuary, and Rasool-Allah^-saww used to mobilise the Bedouins in his^-saww road (to come) with him^-saww, but not one of them followed him^-saww and they were saying, ‘Do Muhammad^-saww and his^-saww companions covet to enter the Sanctuary? The Quraysh will battle them in the courtyards of their houses and kill them. Surely, Muhammad^-saww and his^-saww will not be returning to Al-Medina, ever!’

فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْحُدَيْبِيَةَ خَرَجَتْ قُرَيْشٌ يَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّاتِ وَ الْعُزَّى لَا يَدَعُونَ مُحَمَّداً يَدْخُلُ مَكَّةَ وَ فِيهِمْ عَيْنٌ تَطْرِفُ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنِّي لَمْ آتِ لِحَرْبٍ وَ إِنَّمَا جِئْتُ لِأَقْضِيَ نُسُكِي وَ أَنْحَرَ بُدْنِي وَ أُخَلِّيَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَ بَيْنَ لَحَمَاتِهَا

When Rasool-Allah^-saww descended at Al-Hudaybiya, Quraysh came out swearing by Al-Laat and Al-Uzza (two idols) that they will not let Muhammad^-saww to enter Makkah, and among them was a blinking eye’. So, Rasool-Allah^-saww sent a message to them: ‘I^-saww did not come for war, and rather I^-saww have come to fulfil rituals and make a sacrificial offering, and leave between you and its meats’.

فَبَعَثُوا عُرْوَةَ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ الثَّقَفِيَّ وَ كَانَ عَاقِلًا لَبِيباً وَ هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ‏ وَ قالُوا لَوْ لا نُزِّلَ‏ هذَا الْقُرْآنُ عَلى‏ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْقَرْيَتَيْنِ عَظِيمٍ‏ فَلَمَّا أَقْبَلَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَظَّمَ ذَلِكَ‏ وَ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ تَرَكْتَ قَوْمَكَ وَ قَدْ ضَرَبُوا الْأَبْنِيَةَ وَ أَخْرَجُوا الْعُوذَ الْمَطَافِيلَ يَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّاتِ وَ الْعُزَّى لَا يَدَعُوكَ تَدْخُلُ حَرَمَهُمْ‏ وَ فِيهِمْ عَيْنٌ تَطْرِفُ أَ فَتُرِيدُ أَنْ تُبِيرَ أَهْلَكَ وَ قَوْمَكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ

They sent Urwah Bin Masoud Al-Saqafy, and he was an intellectual, one of understanding, and he is the one Allah^-azwj Revealed regarding him: And they are saying, ‘If only this Quran had been Revealed unto a great man from the two towns’ [43:31]. When he came to Rasool-Allah^-saww, he respected that, and said: ‘O Muhammad^-saww! You^-saww left your^-saww people and struck the sons, and brought out the camels. They are swearing by Al-Laat and Al-Uzza that they will not leave you^-saww to enter their Sanctuary and among them is a blinking eye. Do you^-saww want to see your^-saww family and your^-saww people (again), O Muhammad^-saww?’

فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا جِئْتُ لِحَرْبٍ وَ إِنَّمَا جِئْتُ لِأَقْضِيَ نُسُكِي‏ فَأَنْحَرَ بُدْنِي وَ أُخَلِّيَ بَيْنَكُمْ‏ وَ بَيْنَ لَحَمَاتِهَا فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ بِاللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ كَالْيَوْمِ أَحَداً صُدَّ عَمَّا صُدِدْتَ‏ فَرَجَعَ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ وَ أَخْبَرَهُمْ فَقَالَتْ قُرَيْشٌ وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ دَخَلَ مُحَمَّدٌ مَكَّةَ وَ تَسَامَعَتْ بِهِ الْعَرَبُ لَنَذِلَّنَّ وَ لَتَجْتَرِئَنَّ عَلَيْنَا الْعَرَبُ

Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘I^-saww have not come for war, and rather I^-saww have come to fulfil my^-saww rituals and sacrifice an offering and vacate between you and its meats’. Urwah said, ‘By Allah^-azwj! I have not seen like today anyone being blocked from what you^-saww are being blocked’. He returned to Quraysh and informed them. Quraysh said, ‘By Allah^-azwj! If Muhammad^-saww were to enter Makkah, the Arabs will hear of it, we will be disgraced and they will be emboldened upon us’.

فَبَعَثُوا حَفْصَ بْنَ الْأَحْنَفِ وَ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ وَيْحَ قُرَيْشٍ قَدْ نَهَكَتْهُمُ الْحَرْبُ أَلَا خَلُّوا بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ الْعَرَبِ فَإِنْ أَكُ صَادِقاً فَإِنَّمَا أَجُرُّ الْمُلْكَ‏ إِلَيْهِمْ مَعَ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ إِنْ أَكُ كَاذِباً كَفَتْهُمْ‏ ذُؤْبَانُ الْعَرَبِ لَا يَسْأَلُ الْيَوْمَ امْرُؤٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ خُطَّةً لَيْسَ لِلَّهِ فِيهَا سَخَطٌ إِلَّا أَجَبْتُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ

They sent Hafs Bin Al-Ahnaf and Suheyl Bin Amro. When he^-saww looked at them, Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘Woe be unto Quraysh! The war has fatigued them. Will not they free the way between me^-saww and the Arabs? If I^-saww was truthful, then rather I^-saww shall be taking the kingdom to them along with the Prophet-hood, and if I^-saww was a liar, the wolves of the Arabs would suffice them. No person from Quraysh will ask for a plan today, there isn’t Wrath of Allah^-azwj in it, except I^-saww shall answer them to it’.

قَالَ فَوَافَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالُوا يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِلَى أَنْ نَنْظُرَ إِلَى مَا ذَا يَصِيرُ أَمْرُكَ وَ أَمْرُ الْعَرَبِ عَلَى أَنْ تَرْجِعَ مِنْ عَامِكَ‏ هَذَا فَإِنَّ الْعَرَبَ قَدْ تَسَامَعَتْ بِمَسِيرِكَ فَإِنْ دَخَلْتَ بِلَادَنَا وَ حَرَمَنَا اسْتَذَلَّتْنَا الْعَرَبُ وَ اجْتَرَأَتْ عَلَيْنَا وَ نُخْلِي لَكَ الْبَيْتَ فِي‏ الْقَابِلِ فِي هَذَا الشَّهْرِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ حَتَّى تَقْضِيَ نُسُكَكَ وَ تَنْصَرِفَ عَنَّا

They sufficed Rasool-Allah^-saww and said, ‘O Muhammad^-saww! If you^-saww look at what your^-saww matter and the matter of the Arabs has come to, upon that you^-saww should return from this season (year) of yours^-saww, for the Arabs have already heard of your^-saww journey. If you^-saww were to enter our city and our Sanctuary, the Arabs will disgrace us and be emboldened upon us, and we will vacate the House (Kabah) for you^-saww next year during this month, for three days, until you^-saww fulfil your^-saww rituals and leave from us’.

فَأَجَابَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى ذَلِكَ وَ قَالُوا لَهُ وَ تَرُدُّ إِلَيْنَا كُلَّ مَنْ جَاءَكَ مِنْ رِجَالِنَا وَ نَرُدُّ إِلَيْكَ كُلَّ مَنْ جَاءَنَا مِنْ رِجَالِكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ جَاءَكُمْ مِنْ رِجَالِنَا فَلَا حَاجَةَ لَنَا فِيهِ وَ لَكِنْ عَلَى أَنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِمَكَّةَ لَا يُؤْذَوْنَ فِي إِظْهَارِهِمُ الْإِسْلَامَ وَ لَا يُكْرَهُونَ وَ لَا يُنْكَرُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَيْ‏ءٌ يَفْعَلُونَهُ مِنْ شَرَائِعِ الْإِسْلَامِ

Rasool-Allah^-saww answered him to that and they said to him^-saww, ‘And you^-saww will return to us every one from our men who comes to you and we will return every one from your^-saww men who comes to us’. Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘The one from our men who comes to you, there is no need for us regarding him, but upon that the Muslims of Makkah will not be harmed in the manifestation of Al-Islam, and they will not be forced nor will anything be denied upon them from anything they do from the Laws of Al-Islam’.

فَقَبِلُوا ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا أَجَابَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى الصُّلْحِ أَنْكَرَ عَلَيْهِ عَامَّةُ أَصْحَابِهِ وَ أَشَدُّ مَا كَانَ إِنْكَاراً عُمَرُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ لَسْنَا عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَ عَدُوُّنَا عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَنُعْطِي الدَّنِيَّةَ فِي دِينِنَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ وَعَدَنِي وَ لَنْ يُخْلِفَنِي

They accepted that. When Rasool-Allah^-saww had answered them to the reconciliation the generality of his^-saww companions denied upon it, and the one of the severest of the denials was Umar. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah^-saww! Aren’t we upon the Truth and our enemies are upon the falsehood?’ He^-saww said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘But we have been given the disgrace in our Religion’. He^-saww said: ‘Allah^-azwj has Promised me^-saww and He^-azwj will never break it on me^-saww’.

قَالَ لَوْ أَنَ‏ مَعِي أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلًا لَخَالَفْتُهُ وَ رَجَعَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَ حَفْصُ بْنُ الْأَحْنَفِ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَأَخْبَرَاهُمْ بِالصُّلْحِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ لَمْ تَقُلْ لَنَا أَنْ نَدْخُلَ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ‏ وَ نَحْلِقَ مَعَ الْمُحَلِّقِينَ فَقَالَ أَ مِنْ عَامِنَا هَذَا وَعَدْتُكَ‏ قُلْتُ‏ لَكَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ وَعَدَنِي‏ أَنْ أَفْتَحَ مَكَّةَ وَ أَطُوفَ وَ أَسْعَى وَ أَحْلِقَ مَعَ الْمُحَلِّقِينَ

He said, ‘If there were forty men with me, I would have opposed it (him^-saww)’. And Suheyl Bin Amro and Hafs Bin Al Ahnaf returned to Quraysh and informed them with the reconciliation (peace treaty). Umar said, ‘O Rasool-Allah^-saww! Did you not say to us that we shall enter the Sacred Masjid and shave (our heads) along with the shavers?’ He^-saww said: ‘Was is regarding this season (year) that I^-saww promised you? I^-saww said to you that Allah^-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Promised me^-saww that I^-saww shall conquer Makkah, and perform Tawaaf and Sa’ee, and shave (my^-saww head) along with the shavers’.

فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرُوا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ لَهُمْ إِنْ لَمْ تَقْبَلُوا الصُّلْحَ فَحَارِبُوهُمْ فَمَرُّوا نَحْوَ قُرَيْشٍ وَ هُمْ مُسْتَعِدُّونَ لِلْحَرْبِ وَ حَمَلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ فَانْهَزَمَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص هَزِيمَةً قَبِيحَةً وَ مَرُّوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَتَبَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ خُذِ السَّيْفَ وَ اسْتَقْبِلْ قُرَيْشاً

When they persisted a lot upon him^-saww, he^-saww said to them: ‘If you are not accepting the peace treaty then battle them’. They passed by around Quraysh and they were preparing for the war, and they attacked upon them. The companions of Rasool-Allah^-saww were defeated with an ugly defeat, and they passed by Rasool-Allah^-saww. Rasool-Allah^-saww smiled then said: ‘O Ali^-asws! Take the sword and face Quraysh’.

فَأَخَذَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ سَيْفَهُ وَ حَمَلَ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَلَمَّا نَظَرُوا إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ تَرَاجَعُوا وَ قَالُوا يَا عَلِيُّ بَدَا لِمُحَمَّدٍ فِيمَا أَعْطَانَا قَالَ لَا فَرَجَعَ‏ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مُسْتَحْيِينَ وَ أَقْبَلُوا يَعْتَذِرُونَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص

Amir Al-Momineen^-aswsgrabbed his^-aswssword and attacked upon Quraysh. When they looked at Amir Al-Momineen^-asws, they withdrew and said, ‘O Ali^-asws! Has there been a change of mind for Muhammad^-saww regarding what he^-saww gave us?’ He^-aswssaid: ‘No’. The companions of Rasool-Allah^-saww returned ashamed and came presenting excuses to Rasool-Allah^-saww.

فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَ لَسْتُمْ أَصْحَابِي يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ إِذْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيكُمْ‏ إِذْ تَسْتَغِيثُونَ رَبَّكُمْ فَاسْتَجابَ لَكُمْ أَنِّي مُمِدُّكُمْ بِأَلْفٍ مِنَ الْمَلائِكَةِ مُرْدِفِينَ

Rasool-Allah^-saww said to them: ‘Weren’t you my^-saww companions on the day of Badr when Allah^-azwj Revealed regarding you: When you sought Assistance from your Lord, so He Answered you: “I will Assist you with a thousand of the Angels, following one (after) another [8:9]?

‏ أَ لَسْتُمْ أَصْحَابِي يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ إِذْ تُصْعِدُونَ وَ لا تَلْوُونَ عَلى‏ أَحَدٍ وَ الرَّسُولُ يَدْعُوكُمْ فِي أُخْراكُمْ‏

Weren’t you my^-saww companions on the day of Ohad When you were ascending (the mount Ohad) and were not even glancing at any one, and the Rasool kept calling you among your last ones. [3:153]?

أَ لَسْتُمْ أَصْحَابِي يَوْمَ كَذَا أَ لَسْتُمْ أَصْحَابِي يَوْمَ كَذَا فَاعْتَذَرُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ نَدِمُوا عَلَى مَا كَانَ مِنْهُمْ وَ قَالُوا اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ وَ رَسُولُهُ فَاصْنَعْ مَا بَدَا لَكَ

Weren’t you my^-saww companions on such and such day? Weren’t you my^-saww companions on such and such day?’ They kept presenting excuses to Rasool-Allah^-saww and regretted upon what had transpired from them, and they said, ‘Allah^-azwj and His^-azwj Rasool^-saww are more knowing, so do whatever comes to you^-saww’.

وَ رَجَعَ حَفْصُ بْنُ الْأَحْنَفِ وَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالا يَا مُحَمَّدُ قَدْ أَجَابَتْ قُرَيْشٌ إِلَى مَا اشْتَرَطْتَ مِنْ إِظْهَارِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ أَنْ لَا يُكْرَهَ أَحَدٌ عَلَى دِينِهِ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالْمُكْتِبِ وَ دَعَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ‏ لَهُ اكْتُبْ فَكَتَبَ‏ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ

And Hafs Bin Al-Ahnaf and Suheyl Bin Amro returned to Rasool-Allah^-saww and they said, ‘O Muhammad^-saww! Quraysh have answered to what you^-saww stipulated from the manifestation of Islam, and that they will not force anyone upon his religion’. Rasool-Allah^-saww called with the writing down and called Amir Al-Momineen^-aswsand said to him^-asws: ‘Write’. Amir Al-Momineen^-aswswrote: ‘In the Name of Allah^-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful’.

قَالَ‏ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو لَا نَعْرِفُ الرَّحْمَنَ اكْتُبْ كَمَا كَانَ‏ يَكْتُبُ آبَاؤُكَ بِاسْمِكَ اللَّهُمَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص اكْتُبْ بِاسْمِكَ اللَّهُمَّ فَإِنَّهُ اسْمٌ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ كَتَبَ هَذَا مَا تَقَاضَى‏ عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ الْمَلَأُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَقَالَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَ لَوْ عَلِمْنَا أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ مَا حَارَبْنَاكَ اكْتُبْ هَذَا مَا تَقَاضَى‏ عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَ تَأْنَفُ مِنْ نَسَبِكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ

Suheyl Bin Amro said, ‘We do not recognise the Beneficent. Write as what your^-saww forefathers^-aswsused to write: ‘In Your^-azwj Name O God^-azwj!’ Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘Write, ‘In Your^-azwj Name O God^-azwj!’, for it is a Name from the Names of Allah^-azwj. Then write, ‘This is what has been fixed upon by Muhammad^-saww Rasool^-saww of Allah^-azwj and the chiefs of Quraysh’. Suheyl Bin Amro said, ‘And if we knew that you^-saww are a Rasool^-saww of Allah^-azwj, we would not go to war with you^-saww. Write, ‘This is what is fixed upon by Muhammad^-saww son of Abdullah^-asws’. Are you^-saww turning your^-saww nose from your^-saww own lineage, O Muhammad^-saww?’

فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تُقِرُّوا ثُمَّ قَالَ امْحُ يَا عَلِيُّ وَ اكْتُبْ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَا أَمْحُو اسْمَكَ مِنَ النُّبُوَّةِ أَبَداً فَمَحَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ كَتَبَ هَذَا مَا تَقَاضَى عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ الْمَلَأُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو اصْطَلَحُوا عَلَى وَضْعِ الْحَرْبِ بَيْنَهُمْ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ عَلَى أَنْ يَكُفَّ بَعْضُنَا عَنْ بَعْضٍ وَ عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَا إِسْلَالَ وَ لَا إِغْلَالَ وَ أَنَّ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمْ عَيْبَةً مَكْفُوفَةً

Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘I^-saww am a Rasool^-saww of Allah^-azwj and even if you do not acknowledge’. Then he^-saww said: ‘Delete, O Ali^-aswsand write, ‘Muhammad^-saww son of Abdullah^-asws’’. Amir Al-Momineen^-aswssaid: ‘I^-aswswill not delete your^-saww name from the Prophet-hood, ever!’ So, Rasool-Allah^-saww deleted it by his^-saww hand, then wrote: ‘This is what is fixed upon by Muhammad^-saww son of Abdullah and the chiefs of Quraysh and Suheyl Bin Amro. They will call upon dropping the war between them for ten years upon that they would refrain from each other, and upon that there will neither be any chains and shackles, and between them would be blindness from faulting;

وَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِي عَهْدِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَقْدِهِ فَعَلَ وَ أَنَّهُ‏ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِي عقد [عَهْدِ] قُرَيْشٍ وَ عَقْدِهَا فَعَلَ وَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَتَى مُحَمَّداً بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ وَلِيِّهِ يَرُدُّهُ‏ إِلَيْهِ وَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَتَى قُرَيْشاً مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ لَمْ يَرُدُّوهُ إِلَيْهِ‏ وَ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْإِسْلَامُ ظَاهِراً بِمَكَّةَ لَا يُكْرَهُ أَحَدٌ عَلَى دِينِهِ وَ لَا يُؤْذَى وَ لَا يُعَيَّرُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً يَرْجِعُ عَنْهُمْ عَامَهُ هَذَا وَ أَصْحَابَهُ ثُمَّ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْنَا فِي الْعَامِ الْقَابِلِ مَكَّةَ فَيُقِيمُ فِيهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْنَا بِسِلَاحٍ إِلَّا سِلَاحِ الْمُسَافِرِ السُّيُوفُ فِي الْقُرُبِ

And the one who likes to enter into a pact of Muhammad^-saww and his^-saww bond can do so, and the one who like to entering into a pact of Qureys and its bond can do so; and the one who comes to Muhammad^-saww without permission of his master, would be returned to him and the one from the companions of Muhammad^-saww who comes to Quraysh would not be returned to him^-saww; And Islam would be allowed to be manifest at Makkah, no one would be forced upon his religion, nor harmed, nor faulted; and Muhammad^-saww and his^-saww companions would return from them this season (year), then can enter upon us during the next year at Makkah, and he^-saww can stay there for three days, and will not enter upon us with weapons except weapons of the traveller, the swords in the sheath’.

وَ كَتَبَ‏ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ شَهِدَ عَلَى الْكِتَابِ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَ الْأَنْصَارُ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّكَ أَبَيْتَ أَنْ تَمْحُوَ اسْمِي مِنَ النُّبُوَّةِ فَوَ الَّذِي‏ بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً لَتُجِيبَنَّ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا وَ أَنْتَ مَضِيضٌ مُضْطَهَدٌ

And Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-aswswrote it and the Emigrants and the Helpers bore witness upon the writing. Then Rasool-Allah^-saww said: ‘O Ali^-asws! You^-aswsrefused to delete my^-saww name from the Prophet-hood. By the One^-azwj Who Sent me^-saww with the Truth as a Prophet^-saww! Their sons will come to you^-aswswith it’s like and you^-aswswill be forced, oppressed’.

فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ صِفِّينَ وَ رَضُوا بِالْحَكَمَيْنِ كَتَبَ هَذَا مَا اصْطَلَحَ عَلَيْهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ لَوْ عَلِمْنَا أَنَّكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا حَارَبْنَاكَ وَ لَكِنِ اكْتُبْ هَذَا مَا اصْطَلَحَ عَلَيْهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ

When it was the day (battle) of Siffeen and they had agreed with the two judges, it was written, ‘This is what Amir Al-Momineen Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-aswsand Muawiya Bin Abu Sufyan have reconciled upon’, Amro Bin Al-Aas said, ‘If we knew you^-aswsare Emir of the Momineen, we would not be at war with you^-asws. But write, ‘This is what Ali^-aswsson of Abu Talib^-asws and Muawiya Bin Abu Sufyan have reconciled upon’’.

فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَ صَدَقَ رَسُولُهُ ص أَخْبَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِذَلِكَ ثُمَّ كَتَبَ الْكِتَابَ

Amir Al-Momineen^-aswssaid: ‘Allah^-azwj and His^-azwj Rasool^-saww spoke the truth. Rasool-Allah^-saww had informed me^-aswswith that’. Then the agreement was written.

قَالَ فَلَمَّا كَتَبُوا الْكِتَابَ قَامَتْ خُزَاعَةُ فَقَالَتْ نَحْنُ فِي عَهْدِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَقْدِهِ وَ قَامَتْ بَنُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَتْ نَحْنُ فِي عَهْدِ قُرَيْشٍ وَ عَقْدِهَا وَ كَتَبُوا نُسْخَتَيْنِ نُسْخَةً عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ نُسْخَةً عِنْدَ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَ رَجَعَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَ حَفْصُ بْنُ الْأَحْنَفِ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَأَخْبَرَاهُمْ‏

He^-aswssaid, ‘When the agreement (of Al-Hudaybiya) had been written, (clan of) Khuza’a stood up and said, ‘We are in the pact of Muhammad^-saww and his^-saww bond’, and the clan of Bakr said, ‘We are in the pact of Quraysh and its bond’. And they wrote down two copies, a copy to be with Rasool-Allah^-saww and a copy to be with Suheyl Bin Amro; and Suheyl Bin Amro and Hafs Bin Al-Ahnaf returned to Quraysh and informed them.

وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِأَصْحَابِهِ انْحَرُوا بُدْنَكُمْ وَ احْلِقُوا رُءُوسَكُمْ فَامْتَنَعُوا وَ قَالُوا كَيْفَ نَنْحَرُ وَ نَحْلِقُ وَ لَمْ نَطُفْ بِالْبَيْتِ وَ لَمْ نَسْعَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ فَاغْتَمَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ شَكَا ذَلِكَ إِلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ انْحَرْ أَنْتَ وَ احْلِقْ

And Rasool-Allah^-saww said to his^-saww companions: ‘Sacrifice your animals and shave your heads’. They abstained and said, ‘How can we sacrifice and shave and we have not performed Tawaaf of the House (Kabah) and not performed Sa’ee between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa?’ Rasool-Allah^-saww was gloomy from that and complained of that to Umm Salma^ar. She^ar said, ‘O Rasool-Allah^-saww! You^-saww sacrifice and shave’.

فَنَحَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ حَلَقَ فَنَحَرَ الْقَوْمُ عَلَى خُبْثِ‏ يَقِينٍ وَ شَكٍّ وَ ارْتِيَابٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص تَعْظِيماً لِلْبُدْنِ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ الْمُحَلِّقِينَ وَ قَالَ قَوْمٌ لَمْ يَسُوقُوا الْبُدْنَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ الْمُقَصِّرِينَ لِأَنَّ مَنْ لَمْ يَسُقْ هَدْياً لَمْ يَجِبْ عَلَيْهِ الْحَلْقُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ثَانِياً رَحِمَ اللَّهُ الْمُحَلِّقِينَ الَّذِينَ‏ لَمْ يَسُوقُوا الْهَدْيَ

Rasool-Allah^-saww sacrificed and shaved (head), and the people sacrificed upon malicious conviction and doubt and suspicion. Rasool-Allah^-saww said in reference to the sacrificial animal: ‘May Allah^-azwj have Mercy of the shaved ones’. And a group and the deficient ones (from having a sacrificial animal) said, ‘Arise and sacrifice the sacrificial animal, O Rasool-Allah^-saww!’, because the one who does not ushed a sacrificial animal, the shaving is not Obligated upon him. Rasool-Allah^-saww said secondly: ‘May Allah^-azwj have Mercy of the shaved ones, those who have not ushered the sacrificial animal’.

فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ الْمُقَصِّرِينَ فَقَالَ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ الْمُقَصِّرِينَ ثُمَّ رَحَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص نَحْوَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَرَجَعَ إِلَى التَّنْعِيمِ وَ نَزَلَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ فَجَاءَ أَصْحَابُهُ الَّذِينَ أَنْكَرُوا عَلَيْهِ الصُّلْحَ وَ اعْتَذَرُوا وَ أَظْهَرُوا النَّدَامَةَ عَلَى مَا كَانَ مِنْهُمْ وَ سَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ فَنَزَلَ آيَةُ الرِّضْوَانِ

They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah^-saww! And the deficient ones?’ He^-saww said: ‘May Allah^-azwj have Mercy on the deficient ones’. Then Rasool-Allah^-saww departed to around Al Medina, and he^-saww returned to al Tan’eem and descended beneath the tree. His^-saww companions came, those who had denied the reconciliation upon him^-saww, and they presented excuses and manifested the regret upon what had transpired from them, and they asked Rasool-Allah^-saww to seek Forgiveness for them. The Verse of ‘Al Rizwaan’ was Revealed’’.^[57]

و روى العياشي: عن زرارة، و حمران، عن أبي جعفر و أبي عبد الله (عليهما السلام): «أن رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) كان معه يوم الفتح إثنا عشر ألفا حتى جعل أبو سفيان و المشركون يستغيثون

And Al-Ayashi has reported, from Zurara, and Humran,

Abu Ja’far^-asws and Abu Abdullah^-asws (both having said): ‘Rasool-Allah^-saww had with him^-saww, on the Day of the Conquest (of Makkah) twelve thousand (men), to the extent that Abu Sufyan and the Polytheists were crying out’.[58]

Appendix II: VERSE 2:153

O you those who are believing! And seek assistance with the patience and the Salat; surely Allah is with the patient ones [2:153]

ثم قال الله عزوجل لسائر اليهود والكافرين المظهرين: (واستعينوا بالصبر والصلوة) ـ أي بالصبر ـ عن الحرام ـ و ـ على تأدية الامانات، وبالصبر على الرئاسات الباطلة، وعلى الاعتراف لمحمد بنبوته ولعلي بوصيته

Then Allah the Almighty Said to the other disbelievers who were present there: “And seek assistance through patience and prayer” Meaning, be patient by staying away from the prohibited and the fulfilment of trusts and by observing patience from the false governments and recognition of the Prophet-hood of Muhammad^-saww and the Trusteeship of Ali^-asws.

(واستعينوا بالصبر) على خدمتهما، وخدمة من يأمرانكم بخدمته على استحقاق الرضوان والغفران ودائم نعيم الجنان في جوار الرحمن، ومرافقة خيار المؤمنين، والتمتع بالنظر إلى عزة محمد سيد الاولين والآخرين، وعلي سيد الوصيين والسادة الاخيار المنتجبين، فان ذلك أقر لعيونكم، وأتم لسروركم، وأكمل لهدايتكم من سائر نعيم الجنان

“And seek assistance through patience” on serving them^-asws and serving those^-asws that they^-asws order you to do so as is their^-asws right, and you will be deserving of Forgiveness and a life of eternal bliss in the Gardens in the vicinity of the Beneficent, and in the friendship of the good believers, and enjoy looking at the honour of Muhammad^-saww the Master of the former ones and the later ones, and at the Master of the Trustees and the Chief of the good chosen ones for that will be a coolness to your eyes and you will be in joy and complete bounty from all the other bounties of the Gardens.

واستعينوا أيضا بالصلوات الخمس، وبالصلاة على محمد وآله الطيبين (على قرب الوصول إلى جنات النعيم). (وإنها) أي هذه الفعلة من الصلوات الخمس، و ـ من ـ الصلاة على محمد وآله الطيبين مع الانقياد لاوامرهم والايمان بسرهم وعلانيتهم وترك معارضتهم بلم؟ وكيف؟ (لكبيرة) ـ ل ـ عظيمة. (إلا على الخاشعين) الخائفين من عقاب الله في مخالفته في أعظم فرائضه

And seek help by five prayers and by salutations of Muhammad^-saww and his^-saww goodly Progeny^-asws, to be near to the Gardens of Bliss. “and most surely it” Meaning these deeds from the five Prayers and from the salutation on Muhammad^-saww and his^-saww goodly Progeny^-asws with obedience to their^-asws orders and belief in their^-asws secrets and what they proclaim and avoid objections like Why? How? “is a hard thing” a great thing “except for the humble ones” those who fear the retribution of Allah^-azwj for those who oppose the great obligations of His^-azwj.[59]

VERSE 57:25

لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَأَنْزَلْنَا مَعَهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْمِيزَانَ لِيَقُومَ النَّاسُ بِالْقِسْطِ ۖ وَأَنْزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ وَمَنَافِعُ لِلنَّاسِ وَلِيَعْلَمَ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَنْصُرُهُ وَرُسُلَهُ بِالْغَيْبِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ {25}

We had Sent Our Rasools with the clear proofs, and We sent down the Book and the Scale with them, in order for them to establish justice with the people.

And We Sent down the iron wherein is severe violence and benefits for the people, and for Allah to Know who helps Him and His Rasool in the secret. Surely Allah is Strong, Mighty [57:25]

حدثنا محمد بن عيسى عن محمد بن سنان عن اسماعيل بن جابر عن عبد الكريم بن عمرو عن عبد الحميد بن ابى الديلم عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال اوصى موسى إلى يوشع بن نون واوصى يوشع بن نون إلى ولد هارون ولم يوصى إلى ولد موسى لان الله له الخيرة يختار من يشاء ممن يشاء وبشر موسى يوشع بن نون بالمسيح

It has been narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ismail, Bin Jabir, from Abdul Kareem Bin Amro, from Abdul Hameed Bin Abu Al-Daylam, who has said:

‘Abu Abdullah^-asws having said: ‘Musa^-as bequeathed to Yoshua Bin Noon^-as, and Yoshua Bin Noon^-as bequeathed to the son of Haroun^-as, and did not bequeath to the son of Musa^-as, because to Allah^-azwj is the good, He^-azwj Choses whosoever that He^-azwj so Wishes to, and Musa^-as gave the good news to Yoshua Bin Noon^-as of the Messiah^-as.

فلما ان بعث الله المسيح قال لهم انه سيأتي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من بعدى اسمه احمد من ولد اسماعيل يصدقني ويصدقكم وجرت بين الحواريين في المستحفظين وانما سماهم الله المستحفظين لانهم استحفظوا الاسم الاكبر وهو الكتاب الذى يعلم به كل شئ الذى كان مع الانبياء

When Allah^-azwj Sent the Messiah^-as, He^-azwj Said to him^-as that he^-saww, the Rasool-Allah^-saww will come afterwards, his^-saww name will be Ahmad^-saww from the son of Ismail. He^-saww will ratify Me^-azwj, and ratify you^-as. And (a meeting) took place between the disciples among the Mustahfizeen (The guardians), and Allah^-azwj had Named them as Al-Mustahfizeen because they were guarding the Great Name (Al-Ism Al-Akbar), and it is the Book by which everything can be known which was with the Prophets^-as.

يقول الله تعالى لقد ارسلنا رسلنا بالبينات و انزلنا معهم الكتاب والميزان الكتاب الاسم الاكبر فأوحى بالاسم الاكبر وميراث العلم وآثار علم النبوة إلى على بن ابى طالب عليه السلام

Allah^-azwj the Exalted has Said: We had Sent Our Rasools with the clear proofs, and We sent down the Book and the Scale with them [57:25], and the Book is the Great Name (Al-Ism Al-Akbar). He^-azwj Revealed that the Great Name (Al-Ism Al-Akbar), and inheritance of the knowledge, and effect of knowledge of the Prophet-hood be transferred to Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws’.[60]

Explanation of ‘Sent down’

الطبرسي في (الاحتجاج): عن أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، مما تأويله غير تنزيله، قال: «و أنزل لكم من الأنعام ثمانية أزواج، و قال: وَ أَنْزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ، فإنزال ذلك خلقه

Al-Tabarsy, in Al-Ihtijaj,

From Amir-Al-Momineen^-asws, from the explanation being other than its Revelation, said: and Sent down for you eight pairs of the cattle, and Said: and We Sent down the iron, wherein is severe violence [57:25], so the ‘Sending down’, is its creation’.[61]

The Scale

نرجع إلى رواية علي بن إبراهيم: ثم قال عز و جل: اللَّهُ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ الْكِتابَ بِالْحَقِّ وَ الْمِيزانَ، قال: الميزان: أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، و الدليل على ذلك قوله في سورة الرحمن: وَ السَّماءَ رَفَعَها وَ وَضَعَ الْمِيزانَ يعني الإمام

We return to the report of Ali Bin Ibrahim,

‘Then the Mighty and Majestic Said: Allah is the One Who Revealed the Book and the Scale with the Truth [42:17], said, ‘The Scale is Amir Al-Momineen^-asws, and the evidence upon that are His^-azwj Words in Surah Al-Rahman (Chapter 55): And the sky, He elevated it, and He Placed the Scale [55:7] – Meaning the Imam^-asws’.[62]

The descent of the iron

ابن شهر آشوب: عن تفسير السدي، عن أبي صالح، عن ابن عباس، في قوله تعالى: وَ أَنْزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ قال: أنزل الله آدم معه من الجنة سيف ذي الفقار، خلق من ورق آس الجنة

Ibn Shehr Ashub, from Tafseer of Al Sady, from Abu Salih, from Ibn Abbas –

‘Regarding the Words of the Exalted: and We Sent down the iron [57:25], he said, ‘Allah^-azwj Send down Adam^-as and with him^-as was a sword from the Paradise (called) Zulfiqar, Created from a myrtle leaf of the Paradise.

ثم قال: فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ، فكان به يحارب آدم أعداءه من الجن و الشياطين، و كان عليه مكتوبا: لا يزال أنبيائي يحاربون به، نبي بعد نبي، و صديق بعد صديق، حتى يرثه أمير المؤمنين فيحارب به مع النبي الأمي

Then He^-azwj Said: wherein is severe violence [57:25]. So Adam^-as used to battle his^-as enemies from the Jinn and the Satans^-la, and there was inscribed upon it: “My^-azwj Prophets^-as will not cease to battle by it, Prophet^-as after Prophet^-as, and truthful after truthful”, until Amir Al-Momineen^-asws inherited it, so he^-asws used to battle by it along with the Ummy Prophet^-saww.

وَ مَنافِعُ لِلنَّاسِ لمحمد و علي إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ منيع بالنقمة من الكفاربعلي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام)

(The Words): and benefits for the people – for Muhammad^-saww and Ali^-asws. Surely Allah is Strong, Mighty [57:25] – Robust with the Revenge from the Kafirs by Ali^-asws Bin Abu Talib^-asws.

قال: و قد روى كافة أصحابنا أن المراد بهذه الآية ذو الفقار، أنزل من السماء على النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) فأعطاه عليا (عليه السلام)

He (Al-Sady) said, ‘And all of our companions have reported that the intended by this Verse is (the sword) Zulfiqar, Sent down from the sky unto the Prophet^-saww, and he^-saww gave it to Ali^-asws’’.[63]

[1] تفسير القمي، ج‏2، ص: 309

[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 17, The book of our Prophet^-saww, Ch 15 H 19

[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 17, The book of our Prophet^-saww, Ch 15 H 21

[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 13

[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 24

[6] ثواب الأعمال: 115.

[7] (خواص القرآن)

[8] خواص القرآن: 7 «مخطوط»

[9] Al Kafi – H 14951

[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 17, The book of our Prophet^-saww, Ch 15 H 20

[11] Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 48 H 19

[12] تفسير القمّي 2: 314.

[13] تأويل الآيات 2: 593/ 4.

[14] مجمع البيان 9: 168.

[15] Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zahira – CH 48 H 6

[16] الكافي 2: 13/ 4

[17] المناقب 3: 4.

[18] تفسير العيّاشي 1: 329/ 143

[19] Bashaarat Al Mustafa^saww Li Shia Al Murtaza^asws – P 2 H 32

[20] Tafseer Abu Hamza Al Sumaly – H 83

[21] طب الأئمة عليهم السلام، ص: 33

[22] Al Kafi – H 14516

[23] Basaair Al Darajaat – P 2 Ch 13 H 3

[24] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineen^asws, Ch 20 H 13

[25] Bashaarat Al Mustafa^saww Li Shia Al Murtaza^asws – P 1 H 23

[26] Bashaarat Al Mustafa^saww Li Shia Al Murtaza^asws – P 1 H 19

[27] Bashaarat Al Mustafa^saww Li Shia Al Murtaza^asws – P 4 H 27

[28] Bashaarat Al Mustafa^saww Li Shia Al Murtaza^asws – P 4 H 31

[29] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 106 H 1

[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 20, The book of our Prophet^-saww, P 3 Ch 12 H 30

[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 32, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 1 H 18, for complete Hadith visit: BiharAlAnwaar_V32.pdf (hubeali.com)

[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 84 – The Book Salat – Ch 81 H 75

[33] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Intellect and Ignorance CH 1 H 7

[34] الكافي (ط – الإسلامية)، ج‏1، ص: 542

[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 20, The book of our Prophet^-saww, P 3 Ch 12 H 30

[36] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 240/ 7

[37] تفسير القمي 2: 315

[38] تأويل الآيات 2: 595/ 7.

[39] تفسير القمي 2: 268.

[40] تفسير القمّي 2: 316

[41] كمال الدين و تمام النعمة: 641

[42] كمال الدين و تمام النعمة: 641

[43] كمال الدين و تمام النعمة: 642

[44] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 10 H 5

[45] Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zahira – CH 48 H 8

[46] أمالي الطوسي 1: 250

[47] معاني الأخبار: 413/ 105.

[48] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 34 H 5

[49] غاية المرام: 442.

[50] الكافي 1: 358/ 91.

[51] المحاسن: 134/ 11

[52] Tafseer Abu Hamza Al Sumali – Hadeeth No. 294

[53] من لا يحضره الفقيه 1: 299/ 1369.

[54] أمالي الطوسي 1: 387.

[55] تفسير القمّي 1: 32.

[56] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 4 H 2

[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 20, The book of our Prophet^-saww, P 3 Ch 20 H 4

[58] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 54/ 43.

[59] البرهان في تفسير القرآن، ج‏1، ص: 208

[60] Basaair Al Darajaat – P 9 CH 22 H 4 (Extract)

[61] الاحتجاج: 250.

[62] تفسير القمّي 12: 274.

[63] المناقب 3: 294 (From non-Shia source)