CHAPTER 39
AL-ZUMAR
(Throngs)
(75 VERSES)
VERSES 1 – 44
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ
Brief Introduction of Al-Zumar (39):
Sura Al-Zumar (75 verses) was revealed in Makkah.[1]
Imam Al-Sadiq-asws (6th Imam) said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted has Mentioned you (Shias) in His-azwj Book where He-azwj Says: ‘Are they equal, those who do not know and those do know?’ But rather, the ones of the understanding will heed [39:9]. We-asws are those who know, and our-asws enemies are those who do not know, and our-asws Shias, they are the ones of understanding’. I said, ‘Increase for me, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! (an extract)’[2]
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws , from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘You (Shias) are those: shunning the tyrants and distancing from [39:17], and one who obeys a tyrant, so he has worshipped him’’.[3]
Ali-asws said: ‘O Rasool-saww Allah-azwj! Inform us about the Statement of Allah-azwj; However, for those who fear their Lord, for them would be rooms built from above these rooms, [39:20], O Rasool-saww Allah-azwj’. So he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Those are mansions which Allah-azwj has Built for His-azwj friends from the pearls, and the sapphire, and the emeralds, and their ceilings are of gold interwoven with silver. For each of the mansions are a thousand doors of gold upon each of which is an Angel allocated to it. In them are raised couches, one on top of the other from the silk, and the brocades of different colours, and their filling is of musk, and the camphor and ambergris, and that is the Word of Allah-azwj: And raised furnishings [56:34].
When the Momin enters his house in the Paradise, a crown of kingship and prestige would be placed upon his head, and he will be dressed in the clothes of gold, and silver, and the rubies, and the crystals arranged in designs as a wreath under the crown’ (an extract).[4]
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘and give glad tidings to those who believe that, for them would be a ‘true footing’ in the Presence of their Lord. [10:2]. He-asws said: ‘Wilayah of Amir Al-Momineen-asws’. And it was said, ‘for them would be a ‘true footing’ [10:2], he-asws said: ‘Intercession of the Prophet-saww, And the one who came with the truth [39:33] is intercession of Ali-asws, they are the truthful [57:19], intercession of the Imams-asws’’.[5]
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And when Allah Alone is mentioned, the hearts of those who do not believe in the Hereafter shrink [39:45], so he-asws said: And when Allah Alone is mentioned –the obedience to the one-asws whose obedience Allah-azwj has Commanded, from the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, the hearts of those who do not believe in the Hereafter shrink, and when there is a mention of the those, the obedience to whom Allah-azwj has not Commanded for, then they are joyful [39:45]’’.[6]
‘I said to Al Reza-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! What is this thing the people are relating from you-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘And what is it?’ I said, ‘They are saying, you (Imams-asws) are claiming that the people, all of them are slaves’. He-asws said: ‘O Allah! Originator of the skies and the earth, Knower of the unseen and the seen! [39:46], You-azwj are Witness that I-asws did not say that at all, nor did anyone hear it from my-asws forefathers-asws saying at all, and You-azwj are the Knower of what is for us-asws from the injustices in the presence of this community, and this is from it!’
Then he-asws turned towards me and said: ‘O Abdul Salam! When the people, all of there were to be our-asws slaves, upon what (basis) are they relating it from us-asws? From whom are we-asws informing them?’ I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! You-asws speak the truth’.
Then he-asws said: ‘O Abdul Salam! Are you a denier of what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Obligated for us-asws of the Wilayah, just as others are denying it?’ I said, ‘Allah-azwj Forbid! But I am an acknowledger with your-asws Wilayah’’.[7]
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘They are saying, ‘O My servants, those who have been extravagant upon themselves! Do not despair from Mercy of Allah, [39:53]’. He-asws said: ‘But we-asws the People-asws of the Household are not saying that’.
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘So which thing are you-asws saying regarding it?’ He-asws said: ‘We-asws are saying: ‘And soon your Lord will Give you, so you will be pleased [93:5] – the intercession. By Allah-azwj! The intercession. By Allah-azwj! The intercession’’.[8]
(When the time of Shahadat of Rasool Allah-saww approached, Angels came) And Jibraeel-as was on his-saww right and Mikaeel-as, Jibraeel said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! You shall pass away and they would be dying [39:30] Every soul shall taste the death, [29:57]’’.[9]
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding Words of the Exalted: And on the day of Qiyamah you will see those who lied upon Allah, their faces having been blackened. [39:60]. He-asws said: ‘One who claim that he is an Imam-asws and he isn’t an Imam-asws’. I said, ‘And even if he was an Al-Alawite, a Fatimide (son of Ali-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws)?’ He-asws said: ‘And even if he was an Alawite, a Fatimide’’.[10]
‘A Jew came to the Prophet-saww and he said, ‘O Muhammad-saww! inform me’: ‘What is your-saww view of the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: On the Day the earth would be changed to another earth, [14:48] and the skies having been rolled up in His Right Hand [39:67], where would the people be on that day?’ He-saww said: ‘In the darkness besides the plains’ (an extract).[11]
From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj to His-azwj Prophet-saww: If you (people) were to associate, your deeds would be confiscated and you would happen to be from the losers [39:65]. He-asws said: ‘It’s interpretation is ‘If you-saww were to order with the Wilayah of anyone (else) with the Wilayah of Ali-asws from after you-saww, your deeds would be confiscated and you (people) would happen to be from the losers [39:65]’’.[12]
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws (6th Imam) narrates that ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Our-asws enemies have become upon the brink of a pit from the Fire, and the brink of his pit has almost collapsed with him into the Fire of Hell. They dwelling would be evil for the inhabitants of the Fire. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: and evil is the abode of the arrogant ones [39:72]. And there is no one being deficient from our-asws love would be with good Allah-azwj Making it to be with him’’.[13]
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: ‘‘The Praise is for Allah who Made His Promise to be true to us and Made us inherit the land [39:74] – meaning the land of Paradise’’.[14]
‘(Narrator says) I was with Ali Amir Al-Momineen-asws and a group from the people of Kufa presented and asked him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: if you (people) were to associate, your deeds would be Confiscated [39:65]. He-asws said: ‘It is not as you are going with it. When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto His-azwj Prophet-saww that he-saww should nominate Ali-asws as a Flag for the people, Ma’az Bin Jabal lurked (among the people), so he said, ‘Associate regarding his-asws Wilayah’ – i.e., along with the first one and the second one (Abu Bakr and Umar), until the people settle upon your words (calm down) and ratify you.
When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed O you Rasool! Deliver what has been Revealed unto you from your Lord [5:67], Rasool-Allah-saww complained to Jibraeel-as: ‘The people are belying me-saww and are not accepting from me-saww’. Therefore Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: If you (people) associate, your deeds would be confiscated and you would happen to be from the losers [39:65].
This Verse was Revealed regarding this, and it cannot happen that Allah-azwj would Send a Prophet-saww except as a knowledgeable one, and he-as would be in charge of the intercession regarding the disobedient people, fearing associating with his-as Lord-azwj.
Rasool-Allah-saww was more trustworthy in the Presence of Allah-azwj that He-azwj should be Saying to him-saww: “If you-saww were to associate with Me-azwj”, and he-saww had come with invalidation of the Shirk, and the rejections of the idols and whatever is worshipped with Allah-azwj, and rather He-azwj Meant: “If your (people) were to associate regarding the Wilayah from the (other) men”. Thus, this is its meaning’’.[15]
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding Words of the Exalted: And it has been Revealed to you (people) and to those from before you, if you (people) were to associate, your deeds would be Confiscated [39:65], he-asws said: ‘It Means that if you (people) were to associate others in the Wilayah.
But you (people) should worship Allah and be from the grateful ones’ [39:66] – Meaning, you should worship Allah-azwj by the obedience and be of the thankful ones that I-azwj have Re-enforced you-saww with your-saww brother-asws and son-asws of your-saww uncle-as’’.[16]
MERITS
ابن بابويه: بإسناده، عن هارون بن خارجة، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: «من قرأ سورة الزمر استخفاء من لسانه، أعطاه الله شرف الدنيا و الآخرة، و أعزه بلا مال و لا عشيرة حتى يهابه من يراه، و حرم جسده على النار، و بنى له في الجنة ألف مدينة، في كل مدينة ألف قصر، في كل قصر مائة حوراء
Ibn Babuwayh, by his chain, from Haroun Bin Kharjat,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The one who recites Surah Al-Zumar (Chapter 39) would be light of his tongue. Allah-azwj would Give him nobility in the world as well as in the Hereafter, and have him honoured (even if he is) without wealth and without family to the extent that he would be held in awe by anyone who looks at him, and Prohibit his body upon the Fire, and Build for him a thousand cities in the Paradise. In every city would be a thousand castles; in every castle would be one hundred Houries.
و له مع هذا عينان تجريان، و عينان نضاختان و جنتان مدهامتان، و حور مقصورات في الخيام، و ذواتا أفنان، و من كل فاكهة زوجان
Along with this, there would be for him, two flowing springs, and two springs gushing forth, and two plush Gardens, and Houries confined to the pavilions, and pearl branches, and every pair of fruit’’.[17]
و من (خواص القرآن)، روي عن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله)، أنه قال: «من قرأ هذه السورة لم يبق نبي و لا صديق إلا صلوا و استغفروا له
And from Khawas Al-Quran –
It has been reported from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘The one who recites this Chapter (Surah Al-Zumar), there will not remain any Prophet-as, nor a Truthful-as, except that he-as would send greetings upon him and seek Forgiveness for him.
و من كتبها و علقها عليه، أو تركها في فراشه، كل من دخل عليه أو خرج، أثنى عليه بخير و شكره، و لا يزالون على شكره مقيمين أبدا تعطفا من الله عز و جل
And one who writes it and attaches it (as an amulet) to himself, or leaves it in his bed, everyone who comes to him or goes out from him would praise him with goodness and appreciation, and would not cease to appreciate, remaining upon it forever in sympathy, from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[18]
في مجمع البيان ابى بن كعب عن النبي صلى الله عليه واله قال: من قرء سورة الزمر لم يقطع الله رجاه، واعطاه ثواب الخائفين الذين خافوا الله تعالى
In Majma Al-Bayan – Ubayy Bin Ka’ab,
The Prophet-saww has said: ‘The one who recites Surah Al-Zumar, Allah-azwj would not Cut-off his hopes, and Give him the Rewards of the Fearful who fear Allah-azwj the Exalted’.[19]
VERSES 1 – 3
تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ {1}
A Revelation of the Book from Allah, the Mighty, the Wise [39:1]
إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ فَاعْبُدِ اللَّهَ مُخْلِصًا لَهُ الدِّينَ {2}
Indeed, We Revealed to you the Book with the Truth, therefore worship Allah, being sincere to Him in the Religion [39:2]
أَلَا لِلَّهِ الدِّينُ الْخَالِصُ ۚ وَالَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِهِ أَوْلِيَاءَ مَا نَعْبُدُهُمْ إِلَّا لِيُقَرِّبُونَا إِلَى اللَّهِ زُلْفَىٰ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي مَا هُمْ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِي مَنْ هُوَ كَاذِبٌ كَفَّارٌ {3}
Indeed! The sincere Religion is for the Sake of Allah, and those who are taking guardians from besides Allah (say), ‘We do not worship them except they draw us closer to Allah’. Surely, Allah will Decide between them regarding what they were differing in. Surely, Allah does not Guide one who is an ungrateful liar [39:3]
الحميري: عن هارون بن مسلم، عن مسعدة بن زياد، قال: و حدثني جعفر، عن أبيه، أن رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) قال: «إن الله تبارك و تعالى يأتي يوم القيامة بكل شيء يعبد من دونه، من شمس أو قمر أو غير ذلك، ثم يسأل كل إنسان عما كان يعبد، فيقول كل من عبد غيره: ربنا إنا كنا نعبدها لتقربنا إليك زلفى
Al-Humeyri, from Haroun Bin Muslim, from Mas’adat Bin Ziyad who said,
‘Ja’far-asws narrated to me from his-asws father-asws, from Rasool-Allah-saww having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted will Bring on the Day of Judgement, everything which was worshipped apart from Him-azwj – from the sun, or moon, or other than that. Then He-azwj will Ask every human being about what he used to worship. So, everyone who worshipped other than Him-azwj would be saying, ‘Our Lord-azwj! We worshipped these in order to be brought closer to You-azwj’’.
قال: فيقول الله تبارك و تعالى للملائكة: ادعوهم و ما كانوا يعبدون إلى النار، ما خلا من استثنيت، فإن أولئك عنها مبعدون
He-asws said: ‘Then Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted would be Saying to the Angels: “Call them and whatever they used to worship, to the Fire, except ones exempted, for they were remote from it (worshiping other than Allah-azwj)’.[20]
فِي كِتَابِ الْإِحْتِجَاجِ لِلطَّبْرِسِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ حَدِيثٌ طَوِيلٌ وَ فِيهِ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَلَى مُشْرِكِي الْعَرَبِ فَقَالَ: وَ أَنْتُمْ فَلِمَ عَبَدْتُمُ الْأَصْنَامَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالُوا: نَتَقَرَّبُ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى
In the book Al Ihtijaj of Al Tabarsy –
‘From the Prophet-saww, there is a lengthy Hadeeth and in it – ‘Then he-saww turned towards the Arab Polytheists, and he-saww said: ‘And you! Why are you worshipping the idols, from besides Allah-azwj?’ They said, ‘We draw closer by that to Allah-azwj the Exalted’.
فَقَالَ: أَ وَ هِيَ سَامِعَةٌ مُطِيعَةٌ لِرَبِّهَا عَابِدَةٌ لَهُ حَتَّى تَتَقَرَّبُوا بِتَعْظِيمِهَا إِلَى اللَّهِ؟ قَالُوا: لَا
So he-saww said: ‘And are these hearing, obedient to their Lord-azwj, worshipping to Him-azwj until these would draw you closer to Allah-azwj due to their reverence?’ They said, ‘No’.[21]
عن عبيد بن زرارة قال: سئل أبو عبد الله عليه السلام عن المؤمن: هل له شفاعة ؟ قال: نعم، فقال له رجل من القوم: هل يحتاج المؤمن إلى شفاعة محمد صلى الله عليه وآله يومئذ ؟ قال: نعم إن للمؤمنين خطايا وذنوبا، وما من أحد إلا يحتاج إلى شفاعة محمد يومئذ
From Ubeyd Bin Zurara who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws was asked about the Momin, ‘Is there interceding for him?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. A man from the people said to him-asws, ‘Would the Momin be needy to the intercession of Muhammad-saww on the Day?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes. For the Momineen there are mistakes and sins, and there is no one except he would be needy to the intercession of Muhammad-saww on that Day’.
قال: وسأله رجل عن قول رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: ” أنا سيد ولد آدم ولافخر ” قال: نعم قال: يأخذ حلقة باب الجنة فيفتحها فيخر ساجدا، فيقول الله: ارفع رأسك اشفع تشفع، اطلب تعط، فيرفع رأسه
He (the narrator) said, ‘And a man asked him-asws about the words of Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘I-saww am the chief of the children of Adam-as, and there is no pride’. He-asws said: ‘Yes. He-saww will grab a knocker of the door of the Paradise and it would be opened, and he-saww will fall down in Sajdah, and Allah-azwj will be Saying: “Raise your-saww head! Intercede and you-saww will be interceded for, request and you-saww will be Given!”
ثم يخر ساجدا فيقول الله: ارفع رأسك اشفع تشفع واطلب تعط، ثم يرفع رأسه فيشفع ويطلب فيعطى
Then he-saww will fall in Sajdah, and Allah-azwj will be Saying: “Raise your-saww head! Intercede and you-saww will be interceded for, and request, you-saww will be Given!” Then he-saww will raise his-saww head and interceded, and seek, and will be Given’’.[22]
أبي، عن القاسم بن محمد، عن علي بن أبي حمزة قال: قال رجل لابي عبد الله عليه السلام: إن لنا جارا من الخوارج يقول: إن محمدا يوم القيامة همه نفسه فكيف يشفع ؟ فقال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: ما أحد من الاولين والآخرين إلا وهو يحتاج إلى شفاعة محمد صلى الله عليه وآله يوم القيامة
My father, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza who said,
‘A man said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘There is a neighbour of ours from the Kharijites saying, On the Day of Judgment Muhammad-saww will be thinking of himself-saww, so how will he-saww intercede (for others)?’ Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘There is none from the former ones and the latter ones except that he would be needy to the intercession of Muhammad-saww on the Day of Judgment’’.[23]
قال: حدثني أبي، عن ابن أبي عمير، عن معاوية بن عمار، عن أبي العباس المكبر قال: دخل مولى لامرأة علي بن الحسين صلوات الله عليهما على أبي جعفر عليه السلام يقال له: أبو أيمن، فقال: يا أبا جعفر تغرون الناس وتقولون: شفاعة محمد شفاعة محمد
My father narrated to me, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muawiya Bin Amar, from Abu Al Abbas Al Makbar who said,
‘A slave of the wife of Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws called Abu Ayman, came to Abu Ja’far-asws and he said, ‘O Abu Ja’far-asws! The people are bothering and saying, ‘Intercession of Muhammad‑saww! Intercession of Muhammad-saww!’
فغضب أبو جعفر عليه السلام حتى تربد وجهه، ثم قال: ويحك يا أبا أيمن أغرك أن عف بطنك وفرجك ؟ أما لو قد رأيت أفزاع القيامة لقد احتجت إلى شفاعة محمد صلى الله عليه وآله ويلك فهل يشفع إلا لمن وجبت له النار ؟
Abu Ja’far-asws was distressed until his-asws face changed (colour), then said: ‘Woe be unto you‑asws, O Abu Ayman! Does it bother you to keep chaste your belly and your private parts? But, if you could see the panic on the Day of Judgment, how needy you will be for the intercession of Muhammad-saww. Woe be unto you! Is intercession except for the one the Fire has been Obligated upon?’
ثم قال: ما أحد من الاولين والآخرين إلا وهو محتاج إلى شفاعة محمد صلى الله عليه وآله يوم القيامة
Then he-asws said: ‘There is no one from the former ones and the latter ones except he would be needy to the intercession of Muhammad-saww on the Day of Judgment’.
ثم قال أبو جعفر عليه السلام: إن لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الشفاعة في امته، ولنا شفاعة في شيعتنا، ولشيعتنا شفاعة في أهاليهم
Then Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘For Rasool-Allah-saww is the interceding regarding his-saww community, and for us-asws is the interceding regarding our-asws Shias, and for our-asws Shias there is interceding regarding their families’.
ثم قال: وإن المؤمن ليشفع في مثل ربيعة ومضر، وإن المؤمن ليشفع حتى لخادمه، ويقول: يا رب حق خدمتي كان يقيني الحر والبرد
The Momin will intercede regarding the likes of (the tribes of) Rabie and Muzar, and that the Momin will intercede even for his servants, and he would be saying, ‘O Lord-azwj! A right of my servant who was saving me from the heat and the cold’’.[24]
VERSE 4
لَوْ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَتَّخِذَ وَلَدًا لَاصْطَفَىٰ مِمَّا يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَاءُ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ ۖ هُوَ اللَّهُ الْوَاحِدُ الْقَهَّارُ {4}
If Allah Intended to take a son for Himself, He would have Chosen from what He has Created whoever He so Desires. Glory be to Him! He is Allah, the One, the Subduer [39:4]
فِي كِتَابِ الْخِصَالِ إِنَّ أَعْرَابِيّاً قَامَ يَوْمَ الْجَمَلِ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَ تَقُولُ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَاحِدٌ
In the book Al-Khisal –
‘A Bedouin stood up on the day of the (battle of the) camel, to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and he said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Are you saying that Allah-azwj is One?’
فَحَمَلَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ وَ قَالُوا: يَا أَعْرَابِيُّ أَ مَا تَرَى مَا فِيهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ تَقَسُّمِ الْقَلْبِ فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: دَعُوهُ فَإِنَّ الَّذِي يُرِيدُهُ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ هُوَ الَّذِي نُرِيدُهُ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ
The people leapt upon him and they said, ‘O bedouin! Do you not see what Amir Al-Momineen-asws is (pre-occupied) in from the divisions of the hearts (of the fighters)?’ Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Leave him, for that which the Bedouin wants, it is that which we want from the people’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا أَعْرَابِيُّ إِنَّ الْقَوْلَ فِي أَنَّ اللَّهَ وَاحِدٌ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَقْسَامٍ، فَوَجْهَانِ مِنْهَا لَا يَجُوزَانِ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ وَجْهَانِ يَثْبُتَانِ فِيهِ
Then he-asws said: ‘O Bedouin! Surely the word regarding that Allah-azwj is One, is based upon four types, and two aspects from it are not allowed (to be said) upon Allah-azwj the Exalted, and two aspects are proven regarding it.
فَأَمَّا اللَّذَانِ لَا يَجُوزَانِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَوْلُ الْقَائِلِ وَاحِدٌ يَقْصِدُ بِهِ بَابَ الْأَعْدَادِ فَهَذَا مَا لَا يَجُوزُ لِأَنَّ مَا لَا ثَانِيَ لَهُ لَا يَدْخُلُ فِي بَابِ الْأَعْدَادِ أَ لَا تَرَى أَنَّهُ كَفَرَ مَنْ قَالَ ثَالِثُ ثَلَاثَةٍ
So, as for those two which are not allowed (to be spoke) upon Him-azwj, are the words of the speaker, ‘One’, meaning by it the subject of the numbers. Thus, this is not allowed because there is no second for Him-azwj. Do not enter into the doorway of the numbers! Do you not see that he commits Kufr, the one who says, ‘He-azwj is the third of the three’?
وَ قَوْلُ الْقَائِلِ هُوَ وَاحِدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ يُرِيدُ بِهِ النَّوْعَ مِنَ الْجِنْسِ فَهَذَا مَا لَا يَجُوزُ لِأَنَّهُ تَشْبِيهٌ وَ جَلَّ رَبُّنَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ
And the words of the speaker, ‘He-azwj is one from the people’, intending by it the type from the species. Thus, this is what is not allowed because it resembles Him-azwj (with someone else), and our Lord-azwj is more Majestic than that.
وَ أَمَّا الْوَجْهَانِ اللَّذَانِ يَثْبُتَانِ فِيهِ فَقَوْلُ الْقَائِلِ: هُوَ وَاحِدٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ فِي الْأَشْيَاءِ شَبِيهٌ كَذَلِكَ رَبُّنَا
And as for the two aspects, those which are proven regarding Him-azwj, so it is the words of the speaker, ‘He-azwj is One. There isn’t anything resembling Him-azwj from the things. Like that is our Lord-azwj’.
وَ قَوْلُ الْقَائِلِ: إِنَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَحَدِيُّ الْمَعْنَى، يَعْنِي بِهِ أَنَّهُ لَا يَنْقَسِمُ فِي وُجُودٍ وَ لَا عَقْلٍ وَ لَا وَهْمٍ كَذَلِكَ رَبُّنَا عَزَّ وَ جَلَ
And the words of the speaker, ‘He-azwj the Mighty and Majestic is One in the Meaning – meaning by it that He-azwj can neither be divided in existence, not intellect, nor imagination. Like that is our Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[25]
عَنْهُ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى ما يَكُونُ مِنْ نَجْوى ثَلاثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رابِعُهُمْ وَ لا خَمْسَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ سادِسُهُمْ
From him, from a number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: There does not happen to be a secret counsel of three, except He is their fourth one, nor of five except He is their sixth one [58:7].
فَقَالَ هُوَ وَاحِدٌ وَاحِدِيُّ الذَّاتِ بَائِنٌ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ وَ بِذَاكَ وَصَفَ نَفْسَهُ وَ هُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ مُحِيطٌ بِالْإِشْرَافِ وَ الْإِحَاطَةِ وَ الْقُدْرَةِ لا يَعْزُبُ عَنْهُ مِثْقالُ ذَرَّةٍ فِي السَّماواتِ وَ لا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ لا أَصْغَرُ مِنْ ذلِكَ وَ لا أَكْبَرُ بِالْإِحَاطَةِ وَ الْعِلْمِ لَا بِالذَّاتِ لِأَنَّ الْأَمَاكِنَ مَحْدُودَةٌ تَحْوِيهَا حُدُودٌ أَرْبَعَةٌ فَإِذَا كَانَ بِالذَّاتِ لَزِمَهَا الْحَوَايَةُ
He-asws said: ‘He-azwj is the One, One of the Self, separate from His-azwj creatures, and with that He-azwj Described Himself-azwj. And He-azwj Encompasses everything by the Supervision, and the Control, and the Power. Nothing escapes from Him-azwj, (even if it is) particle’s weight in the skies nor in the earth, nor anything smaller than that, nor bigger, due to the Control. And the Knowledge is not with the Self because the places are limited by the extent of its four limits. When that was with the Self, the supplication would necessitate it’.[26]
و عنه: عن عدة من أصحابنا، عن أحمد بن محمد البرقي، رفعه، قال: سأل الجاثليق أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)- و ذكر الحديث إلى أن قال- فأخبرني عن الله عز و جل، أين هو؟
And from him, from a number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Barqy, raising it, said,
‘The Catholic (priest) asked Amir Al-Momineen-asws’ – and he mentioned the Hadeeth until he (the priest) said, ‘So Inform me about Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, where is He-azwj?’
فقال أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام): «هو ها هنا و ها هنا و فوق و تحت و محيط بنا و معنا، و هو قوله تعالى: ما يَكُونُ مِنْ نَجْوى ثَلاثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رابِعُهُمْ وَ لا خَمْسَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ سادِسُهُمْ وَ لا أَدْنى مِنْ ذلِكَ وَ لا أَكْثَرَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَعَهُمْ أَيْنَ ما كانُوا
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘He-azwj is over here, and over there, and above and below, and surrounding us and with us, and these are the Words of the Exalted: There does not happen to be a secret counsel of three, except He is their fourth one, nor of five except He is their sixth one, nor less than that nor more except He is with them, wherever they may happen to be [58:7]’’.[27]
عَنْهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (عليه السلام) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ما يَكُونُ مِنْ نَجْوى ثَلاثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رابِعُهُمْ وَ لا خَمْسَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ سادِسُهُمْ وَ لا أَدْنى مِنْ ذلِكَ وَ لا أَكْثَرَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَعَهُمْ أَيْنَ ما كانُوا ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُمْ بِما عَمِلُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ
From him, from Ali Bin Al-Husayn, from Ali Bin Abu hamza, from Abu Baseer, who has narrated the following:
Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: There does not happen to be a secret counsel of three, except He is their fourth one, nor of five except He is their sixth one, nor less than that nor more except He is with them, wherever they may happen to be. Then He would Inform them on the Day of Judgment of what they had been doing. Surely Allah is Knower of all things [58:7].
قَالَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي فُلَانٍ وَ فُلَانٍ وَ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَ سَالِمٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ حَيْثُ كَتَبُوا الْكِتَابَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ تَعَاهَدُوا وَ تَوَافَقُوا لَئِنْ مَضَى مُحَمَّدٌ لَا تَكُونُ الْخِلَافَةُ فِي بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَ لَا النُّبُوَّةُ أَبَداً فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهِمْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ
He-asws said; ‘This was Revealed regarding so and so and so and so (Abu Bakr and Umar), and Abu Ubeyda Ibn Al-Jarrah, and Abdul Rahman Ibn Awf, and Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa, and Al-Mugheira Bin Sho’ba, when they wrote the agreement in between them and took a pledge and agreed that if Muhammad-saww were to pass away, they would not let the Caliphate to be in the Clan of Hashim-asws, nor the Prophet-hood ever. So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed this Verse with regards to them.
قَالَ قُلْتُ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَمْ أَبْرَمُوا أَمْراً فَإِنَّا مُبْرِمُونَ أَمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّا لا نَسْمَعُ سِرَّهُمْ وَ نَجْواهُمْ بَلى وَ رُسُلُنا لَدَيْهِمْ يَكْتُبُونَ قَالَ وَ هَاتَانِ الْآيَتَانِ نَزَلَتَا فِيهِمْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ
I said, ‘The Words of the Mighty and Majestic: Or are they (trying to) conclude a matter? But We are the Concluders [43:79] Or are they reckoning that We cannot Hear their secrets and their whisperings? Yes! And our Messengers (who are) with them, are recording [43:80]. He-asws said: ‘And these two Verse were (also) Revealed regarding them on that day’.
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (عليه السلام) لَعَلَّكَ تَرَى أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَوْمٌ يُشْبِهُ يَوْمَ كُتِبَ الْكِتَابُ إِلَّا يَوْمَ قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ (عليه السلام) وَ هَكَذَا كَانَ فِي سَابِقِ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِي أَعْلَمَهُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) أَنْ إِذَا كُتِبَ الْكِتَابُ قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ خَرَجَ الْمُلْكُ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَقَدْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Hopefully you will see that it was a day resembling the day of the writing of the agreement except for the day Al-Husayn-asws was martyred, and thus it had preceded in the Knowledge of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic which He-azwj Made known to the Rasool-Allah-saww that when the agreement is written down, Al-Husayn-asws would be martyred, and the kingdom would exit from the Clan of Hashim-asws. So, all of that did take place.[28]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: أخبرنا أحمد بن إدريس، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن علي بن الحكم، عن أبي بكر الحضرمي و بكر بن أبي بكر، قال: حدثنا سليمان بن خالد، قال: سألت أبا جعفر (عليه السلام) عن قول الله عز و جل: إِنَّمَا النَّجْوى مِنَ الشَّيْطانِ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al-Hakam, from Abu Bakr Al-Hazramy and Bakr Bin Abu Bakr, from Suleyman Bin Khalid who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But rather, the secret counsels are from the Satan [58:10], he-asws said: ‘The second one (Umar)’.
قال: «الثاني» و قوله تعالى: ما يَكُونُ مِنْ نَجْوى ثَلاثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رابِعُهُمْ، قال: «فلان و فلان و ابن فلان أمينهم، حين اجتمعوا فدخلوا الكعبة، فكتبوا بينهم كتابا: إن مات محمد أن لا يرجع الأمر فيهم أبدا
And His-azwj Words: There does not happen to be a secret counsel of three, except He is their fourth one [58:7], he-asws said: ‘So and so, and so and so (Abu Bakr and Umar) and the son of so and so (Abdul Rahman Ibn Awf) was their trustee, when they gathered and entered the Kabah. They wrote between them an agreement, ‘If Muhammad-saww were to die, they would not let the command to return among them, ever!’’.[29]
قال الشيخ أبو جعفر الطوسي (قدس الله روحه): نبأنا الشيخ (أبو جعفر الطبري) باسناده، عن ابن عباس قال: اضمرت قريش قتل علي عليه السلام وكتبوا صحيفة ودفعوها إلى أبي عبيدة بن الجراح. فأنزل الله جبرئيل على رسوله صلى الله عليه وآله، فخبره بخبرهم
Sheykh Abu Ja’far Al Tusy said, ‘The Sheykh Abu Ja’far Al Tabary informed us by his chain, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Quraysh conceived (a plot to) kill Ali-asws, and they wrote a parchment and handed it over to Abu Ubeyday Bin Al-Jarrah. So, Allah-azwj Sent Jibraeel-as unto His-azwj Rasool-saww, and he-as informed him-saww of their news (conceived plot).
فقالوا له: أنى له علم ذلك ؟ ! ولم يشعر به أحد. فأنزل الله سبحانه على رسوله صلى الله عليه واله هذه الآية
They (Quraysh) said to him (Ubeydullah Bin Al Jarrah), ‘From where did he-saww get the news of that, and we did not make anyone aware of it?’ Thus, Allah-azwj, Glorious is He-azwj, Revealed unto His-azwj Rasool-saww, these Verses’.[30]
VERSE 5
خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ ۖ يُكَوِّرُ اللَّيْلَ عَلَى النَّهَارِ وَيُكَوِّرُ النَّهَارَ عَلَى اللَّيْلِ ۖ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ ۖ كُلٌّ يَجْرِي لِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى ۗ أَلَا هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفَّارُ {5}
He Created the skies and the earth by the Truth. He Wraps the night upon the day, and Wraps the day upon the night, and He subjugated the sun and the moon, each flowing to a specified term. Indeed! He is the Mighty, the Forgiver [39:5]
روى في كتابه المعروف ب (روضة الواعظين) عن أبي جعفر الباقر (عليه السلام)، قال: له الملك و له الحمد، بيده الخير، و هو على كل شيء قدير، يولج الليل في النهار، و يولج النهار في الليل، لا إله إلا هو العزيز الغفار، مستجيب الدعاء، جزيل العطاء، محصي الأنفاس، رب الجنة و الناس
He (Al-Farsi) reports in his famous book Rowzat Al-Waizeen, from Abu Ja’far Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘For Him-azwj is the Kingdom and for Him-azwj is the Praise. In His-azwj Possession is the good, and He-azwj is Able upon all things. He-azwj Merges the night into the day, and He-azwj Merges the day into the night. There is no god except Him-azwj, the Mighty, the Forgiver, Answerer of the supplication, Ample of the Giving, Counter of the breaths, Lord-azwj of the Paradise and the people’.[31]
وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ الَّذِي تَوَاضَعَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ لِعَظَمَتِهِ وَ ذَلَّ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ لِعِزَّتِهِ وَ اسْتَسْلَمَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ لِقُدْرَتِهِ وَ خَشَعَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ لِهَيْبَتِهِ مَالِكُ الْأَمْلَاكِ وَ مُفَلِّكُ الْأَفْلَاكِ وَ مُسَخِّرُ الشَّمْسِ وَ الْقَمَرِ كُلٌّ يَجْرِي لِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى يُكَوِّرُ اللَّيْلَ عَلَى النَّهارِ وَ يُكَوِّرُ النَّهارَ عَلَى اللَّيْلِ يَطْلُبُهُ حَثِيثاً قَاصِمُ كُلِّ جَبَّارٍ عَنِيدٍ وَ مُهْلِكُ كُلِّ شَيْطَانٍ مَرِيدٍ
(In a supplication it is) And I testify that He-azwj is the One Who Humbled all things to His-azwj Magnificence, and Disgraced all things to His-azwj Honour, and Submitted all things to His-azwj Power, and Humbled all things to His-azwj Awe. King of the kings, and Orbited the planets, and Subdued the sun and the moon? Each flows to a specified term, [31:29] He Wraps the night upon the day, and Wraps the day upon the night, [39:5], seeking it persistently. Breaker of every obstinate tyrant, and Destroyer of every rebellious Satan-la (an extract).[32]
VERSE 6
خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَأَنْزَلَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَنْعَامِ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ ۚ يَخْلُقُكُمْ فِي بُطُونِ أُمَّهَاتِكُمْ خَلْقًا مِنْ بَعْدِ خَلْقٍ فِي ظُلُمَاتٍ ثَلَاثٍ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ تُصْرَفُونَ {6}
He Created you from a single soul, then Made its pair from it, and Sent down for you eight pairs of the cattle. He Created you in the bellies of your mothers a creation from after a creation in triple darkness. That is Allah, your Lord! For Him is the kingdom. There is no god except Him, so why are you turning away? [39:6]
The eight pairs
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْجُعْفِيِّ وَ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي الدَّيْلَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (عليه السلام) قَالَ حَمَلَ نُوحٌ (عليه السلام) فِي السَّفِينَةِ الْأَزْوَاجَ الثَّمَانِيَةَ فَكَانَ مِنَ الضَّأْنِ اثْنَيْنِ زَوْجٌ دَاجِنَةٌ يُرَبِّيهَا النَّاسُ وَ الزَّوْجُ الْآخَرُ الضَّأْنُ الَّتِي تَكُونُ فِي الْجِبَالِ الْوَحْشِيَّةُ أُحِلَّ لَهُمْ صَيْدُهَا
Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ismail Al-Ju’fy and Abdul Kareem Bin Amro, and Abdul Hameed Bin Abu Al-Daylam, who has narrated the following:
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Noah-as carried eight pairs in the ship. So, from the pairs of the sheep were two sheep which were domestic ones which the people rear (keep), and another pair of sheep which were mountainous and wild sheep which are lawful to be hunted.
وَ مِنَ الْمَعْزِ اثْنَيْنِ زَوْجٌ دَاجِنَةٌ يُرَبِّيهَا النَّاسُ وَ الزَّوْجُ الْآخَرُ الظَّبْيُ الَّتِي تَكُونُ فِي الْمَفَاوِزِ وَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ اثْنَيْنِ الْبَخَاتِيُّ وَ الْعِرَابُ
And from the pair of goats, one was of the domesticated kind which the people rear, and another pair were the antelopes which are found in the wilderness. And from the camels were two Al-Bukhaty and the Arabic (camels).
وَ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ اثْنَيْنِ زَوْجٌ دَاجِنَةٌ لِلنَّاسِ وَ الزَّوْجُ الْآخَرُ الْبَقَرُ الْوَحْشِيَّةُ وَ كُلُّ طَيْرٍ طَيِّبٍ وَحْشِيٍّ أَوْ إِنْسِيٍّ ثُمَّ غَرِقَتِ الْأَرْضُ
And from the cows, was a pair of the kind domesticated to the people and another pair of cows were the wild ones. And every kind of good birds, wild or domesticated. Then the earth submerged’.[33]
Explanation of ‘Sent down’
الطبرسي في (الاحتجاج): عن أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، مما تأويله غير تنزيله، قال: «و أنزل لكم من الأنعام ثمانية أزواج، و قال: وَ أَنْزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ، فإنزال ذلك خلقه
Al-Tabarsy, in Al-Ihtijaj,
From Amir-Al-Momineen-asws, from the explanation being other than its Revelation, said: and Sent down for you eight pairs of the cattle, and Said: and We Sent down the iron, wherein is severe violence [57:25], so the ‘Sending down’, is its creation’.[34]
Triple darkness
الطبرسي: عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام): «ظلمة البطن، و ظلمة الرحم، و ظلمة المشيمة
Al-Tabarsy,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws (Regarding: in triple darkness [39:6]), said: ‘Darkness of the abdomen, and darkness of the womb, and darkness of the placenta’.[35]
VERSE 7
إِنْ تَكْفُرُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ عَنْكُمْ ۖ وَلَا يَرْضَىٰ لِعِبَادِهِ الْكُفْرَ ۖ وَإِنْ تَشْكُرُوا يَرْضَهُ لَكُمْ ۗ وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَىٰ ۗ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمْ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَيُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ۚ إِنَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ {7}
If you are ungrateful, then Allah is needless from you all, and He is not Pleased with the Kufr of His servants; and if you are grateful, He would be Pleased for you. And a bearer of burden will not bear the burden of another, then to your Lord would be your return, and He will Inform you with what you had been doing. He is Knowing with the contents of the chests [39:7]
أحمد بن محمد بن خالد البرقي: عن بعض أصحابنا، رفعه، في قول الله تبارك و تعالى وَ لا يَرْضى لِعِبادِهِ الْكُفْرَ وَ إِنْ تَشْكُرُوا يَرْضَهُ لَكُمْ، فقال: «الكفر هاهنا الخلاف، و الشكر: الولاية و المعرفة
Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid Al-Barqy, from one of our companions, raising it with an unbroken chain,
(It has been narrated) regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: and He is not Pleased with the Kufr of His servants; and if you are grateful, He would be Pleased for you [39:7], so he-asws said: ‘The ‘Kufr’ over here is the opposition, and the ‘gratefulness’ is the Wilayah (of Masomeen-asws) and the recognition (المعرفة)’.[36]
و عنه، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن زياد بن جعفر الهمداني ، قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم بن هاشم، عن أبيه، عن عبد السلام بن صالح الهروي، قال: قلت لأبي الحسن الرضا (عليه السلام): ما تقول في حديث يروى عن الصادق (عليه السلام) أنه إذا خرج القائم (عليه السلام) قتل ذراري قتلة الحسين (عليه السلام) بفعال آبائهم؟ فقال (عليه السلام): «هوكذلك
And from him, from Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al-hamdany, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Abdul Salam Bin Salih Al-Harwy who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws: What would you-asws say regarding a Hadeeth which is being reported from Al-Sadiq-asws that, when Al-Qaim-asws rises, he-asws would kill the descendants of the killers of Al-Husayn-asws, for the actions of their forefathers?’ So he-asws said: ‘It is like that’.
فقلت: و قول الله عز و جل: وَ لا تَزِرُ وازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرى ما معناه؟
So, I said, ‘And the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And a bearer of burden will not bear the burden of another [6:163], what does then it mean?’
قال: «صدق الله تعالى في جميع أقواله، و لكن ذراري قتلة الحسين (عليه السلام) يرضون بفعال آبائهم و يفتخرون بها، و من رضي شيئا كان كمن أتاه، و لو أن رجلا قتل بالمشرق فرضي بقتله رجل في المغرب لكان الراضي عند الله عز و جل شريك القاتل، و إنما يقتلهم القائم (عليه السلام) إذا خرج، لرضاهم بفعل آبائهم
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is True in all of His-azwj Words, but the descendants of the killers of Al-Husayn-asws would be pleased with the actions of their forefathers. And the one who is happy with a matter is like the one who has done it, even if a man was killed in the east and the man in the west was pleased with him being killed, because the one who is pleased with it, in the Presence of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, is an associate of the killer. But rather, Al-Qaim-asws would kill them when he-asws rises, due to them being pleased with the actions of their forefathers’.
». قال: فقلت له: بأي شيء يبدأ القائم (عليه السلام) منكم؟ قال: «يبدأ ببني شيبة، و يقطع أيديهم لأنهم سراق بيت الله عز و جل
I asked him-asws, ‘With what thing will Al-Qaim-asws from you, begin with?’ He-asws said: ‘He-asws will begin with the clan of Shayba, and he-asws will cut off their hands, because they are thieves in the House of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[37]
ابن بابويه، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن الهيثم العجلي و أحمد بن الحسن القطان و محمد بن أحمد السناني و الحسين بن إبراهيم بن أحمد بن هشام المكتب و عبد الله بن محمد الصائغ و علي بن عبد الله الوراق (رضي الله عنهم)، قالوا: حدثنا أبو العباس أحمد بن يحيى بن زكريا القطان، قال: حدثنا بكر بن عبد الله بن حبيب، قال: حدثنا تميم بن بهلول، قال: حدثنا أبو معاوية، عن الأعمش، عن جعفر بن محمد (عليهما السلام)، قال فيما وصف له من شرائع الدين: «إن الله لا يكلف نفسا إلا وسعها، و لا يكلفها فوق طاقتها، و أفعال العباد مخلوقة خلق تقدير لا خلق تكوين، و الله خالق كل شيء، و لا نقول بالجبر و لا بالتفويض
Ibn Babuwayh Ibn Babuwayh, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Al-Haysam Al-Ajaly, and Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan Al-Qatan, and Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al-Sanany, and Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Ahmad Bin Hisham Al-Maktab and Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al-Sa’ig and Ali Bin Abdullah Al-Waraq, from Abu Al-Abbas Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Zakariya Al-Qatan, from Bakr Bin Abdullah Bin Habeeb, from Tameem Bin Bahloul, from Abu Muawiya, from Al-Amsh,
From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws who said regarding what was described to him-asws from the Laws of the Religion: ‘Allah-azwj does not Burden a soul except to its capacity, and does not Burden it above its strength. And the actions of the servant are a creation Created in accordance to a measurement and not configured, and Allah-azwj is the Creator of everything. And we-asws are neither saying with the compulsion, nor with the delegation.
و لا يأخذ الله عز و جل البريء بالسقيم، و لا يعذب الله عز و جل الأبناء بذنوب الآباء فإنه قال في محكم كتابه: وَ لا تَزِرُ وازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرى و قال عز و جل: وَ أَنْ لَيْسَ لِلْإِنْسانِ إِلَّا ما سَعى
And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic does not Take the Created being with the sickness, nor does Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Punish the sons for the sins of the father, for He-azwj Said in the Decisive (Verses) of His-azwj Book: And a bearer of burden will not bear the burden of another [39:7], and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And there wouldn’t be for the human being except what he strives for [53:39].
و لله عز و جل أن يعفو و أن يتفضل، و ليس له تعالى أن يظلم، و لا يفرض الله تعالى على عباده طاعة من يعلم أنه يغويهم و يضلهم، و لا يختار لرسالته، و لا يصطفي من عباده من يعلم أنه يكفر به و يعبد الشيطان دونه، و لا يتخذ على عباده إلا معصوما
And for Allah-azwj is the Might and the Majesty that He-azwj would Excuse and Give preference, and it is not for the Exalted that He-azwj would be unjust. And Allah-azwj the Exalted has not Necessitated obedience of the servants, the ones whom He-azwj Knows that they would be erring and going astray, nor did He-azwj Choose them for His-azwj Message, nor Chose one from His-azwj servants whom He-azwj Knew that he would be denying it and worship the Satan apart from Him-azwj, nor did He-azwj Take anyone over the servants of His-azwj except if he-asws was Infallible (معصوما)’.[38]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ زَعْلَانَ عَنْ أَبِي طَالِبٍ الْقُمِّيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قُلْتُ أَجْبَرَ اللَّهُ الْعِبَادَ عَلَى الْمَعَاصِي قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَفَوَّضَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْأَمْرَ قَالَ قَالَ لَا قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا ذَا قَالَ لُطْفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكَ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Za’lan, from Abu Talib Al Qummy, from a man,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I said, ‘Does Allah-azwj Compel the servants upon the disobedience?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘So, does He-azwj Delegate the matters to them?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘So what is (correct in) that?’ He-asws said: ‘A Kindness from your Lord-azwj between that’.[39]
VERSES 8 & 9
وَإِذَا مَسَّ الْإِنْسَانَ ضُرٌّ دَعَا رَبَّهُ مُنِيبًا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ إِذَا خَوَّلَهُ نِعْمَةً مِنْهُ نَسِيَ مَا كَانَ يَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَجَعَلَ لِلَّهِ أَنْدَادًا لِيُضِلَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ ۚ قُلْ تَمَتَّعْ بِكُفْرِكَ قَلِيلًا ۖ إِنَّكَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّارِ {8}
And when harm touches the human being, he supplicates to his Lord being penitent to Him. Then when He Bestows a Favour from Him, he forgets whatever he had been supplicating from before, and makes rivals to Allah in order to stray (others) from His Way. Say: ‘Enjoy with your Kufr for a little while! You will be from the inmates of the Fire’ [39:8]
أَمَّنْ هُوَ قَانِتٌ آنَاءَ اللَّيْلِ سَاجِدًا وَقَائِمًا يَحْذَرُ الْآخِرَةَ وَيَرْجُو رَحْمَةَ رَبِّهِ ۗ قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِي الَّذِينَ يَعْلَمُونَ وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ ۗ إِنَّمَا يَتَذَكَّرُ أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ {9}
Safe is He who is obedient during the hours of the night, performing Sajdah and standing, being cautious of the Hereafter and hoping for the Mercy of his Lord. Say: ‘Are they equal, those who do not know and those do know?’ But rather, the ones of the understanding will heed [39:9]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (عليه السلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ إِذا مَسَّ الْإِنْسانَ ضُرٌّ دَعا رَبَّهُ مُنِيباً إِلَيْهِ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي أَبِي الْفَصِيلِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) عِنْدَهُ سَاحِراً فَكَانَ إِذَا مَسَّهُ الضُّرُّ يَعْنِي السُّقْمَ دَعَا رَبَّهُ مُنِيباً إِلَيْهِ يَعْنِي تَائِباً إِلَيْهِ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) مَا يَقُولُ
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from hashaam Bin Saalim, from Ammaar Al-saabaty who said:
I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: And when harm touches the human being, he supplicates to his Lord being penitent to Him [39:8], he-asws said: ‘This was Revealed regarding Abu Al-Faseyl, who used to consider the Rasool Allah-saww as a sorcerer. And when distress afflicted him, meaning illness, he supplicated to his Lord-azwj penitently, meaning repenting to Him-azwj, from what he used to say with regards to the Rasool Allah-saww.
ثُمَّ إِذا خَوَّلَهُ نِعْمَةً مِنْهُ يَعْنِي الْعَافِيَةَ نَسِيَ ما كانَ يَدْعُوا إِلَيْهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ يَعْنِي نَسِيَ التَّوْبَةَ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِمَّا كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) إِنَّهُ سَاحِرٌ
Then when He Bestows a Favour from Him – meaning the restoration of health, he forgets whatever he had been supplicating from before – meaning his asking for Forgiveness to Allah-azwj from what he used to say regarding the Rasool Allah-saww that he-saww was a sorcerer.
وَ لِذَلِكَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قُلْ تَمَتَّعْ بِكُفْرِكَ قَلِيلًا إِنَّكَ مِنْ أَصْحابِ النَّارِ يَعْنِي إِمْرَتَكَ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله)
And for that are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: ‘Enjoy with your Kufr for a little while! You will be from the inmates of the Fire’ [39:8], meaning your influence which you have over the people with any right from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic or from His-azwj Rasool-saww’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) ثُمَّ عَطَفَ الْقَوْلَ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي عَلِيٍّ ( عليه السلام ) يُخْبِرُ بِحَالِهِ وَ فَضْلِهِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ أَمَّنْ هُوَ قانِتٌ آناءَ اللَّيْلِ ساجِداً وَ قائِماً يَحْذَرُ الْآخِرَةَ وَ يَرْجُوا رَحْمَةَ رَبِّهِ قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِي الَّذِينَ يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ الَّذِينَ لا يَعْلَمُونَ أَنْ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ أَنَّهُ سَاحِرٌ كَذَّابٌ إِنَّما يَتَذَكَّرُ أُولُوا الْأَلْبابِ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) هَذَا تَأْوِيلُهُ يَا عَمَّارُ
He (the narrator) said: ‘Then Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Spoke Sympathetically with regards to Ali-asws Informing him-asws of his-asws situation, and his-asws merits in the Presence of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted, so He-azwj Said: Safe is He who is obedient during the hours of the night, performing Sajdah and standing, being cautious of the Hereafter and hoping for the Mercy of his Lord. Say: ‘Are they equal, those who do not know – that Muhammad is the Rasool Allah-saww, and (are saying) that Muhammad-saww is a lying sorcerer, But rather, the ones of the understanding will heed [39:9]. Then Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘This is its explanation, O Ammar’.[40]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمُؤْمِنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ هَلْ يَسْتَوِي الَّذِينَ يَعْلَمُونَ وَ الَّذِينَ لا يَعْلَمُونَ إِنَّما يَتَذَكَّرُ أُولُوا الْأَلْبابِ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) إِنَّمَا نَحْنُ الَّذِينَ يَعْلَمُونَ وَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ عَدُوُّنَا وَ شِيعَتُنَا أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Abdul Momin Bin Al Qasim Al Ansary, from Sa’ad, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: ‘Are they equal, those who do not know and those do know?’ But rather, the ones of the understanding will heed [39:9]. Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘But rather we-asws are those who know, and those who do not know are our-asws enemies, and our Shias are the ones of understanding.[41]
وعنه: عن ابن فضال، عن علي بن عقبة بن خالد، قال: دخلت أنا و معلى بن خنيس على أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، و ليس هو في مجلسه، فخرج علينا من جانب البيت من عند نسائه و ليس عليه جلباب، فلما نظر إلينا رحب، فقال: «مرحبا بكما و أهلا»، ثم جلس، و قال: «أنتم أولو الألباب في كتاب الله، قال الله تبارك و تعالى: إِنَّما يَتَذَكَّرُ أُولُوا الْأَلْبابِ
From him, from Ibn Fazal, from Ali Bin Aqaba Bin Khalid who said,
‘I and Moala Bin Khunays came to Abu Abdullah-asws, and he-asws wasn’t in his-asws seating place. Then he-asws came out to us from the side of his-asws women’s quarters, and there wasn’t a cloak upon him-asws. So when he-asws looked towards us, he-asws received us saying: ‘Welcome to you both and hello!’ Then he-asws sat down and said: ‘You (Shias) are the ones of understanding (Mentioned) in the Book of Allah-azwj. Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said: But rather, the ones of the understanding will heed [39:9]’’.[42]
في اصول الكافي بعض أصحابنا رفعه عن هشام بن الحكم قال: قال لى أبو الحسن موسى بن جعفر عليه السلام قال الحسن بن على عليهما السلام: إذا طلبتم الحوائج فاطلبوها من أهلها، قيل: يابن رسول الله من أهلها ؟ قال: الذين قص الله في كتابه و ذكرهم فقال: (انما يتذكر أولوا الالباب) قال: هم أولوا العقول
In Usool Al-Kafi – Some of the companions have raised it with an unbroken chain from Hisham Bin Al-Hakam who said,
‘Abu Al-Hassan-asws Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws said to me: ‘Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws said: ‘When you seek a need, so seek it from its rightful ones’. It was said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Who are its rightful ones-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘The ones-asws whose story Allah-azwj has Related in His-azwj Book, and Mentioned them, so He-azwj said: But rather, the ones of the understanding will heed [39:9]. They are the ones-asws using their intellects’.[43]
وعنه: عن عدة من أصحابنا، عن أحمد بن محمد بن خالد، عن بعض أصحابه، رفعه، قال: قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): «ما قسم الله للعباد شيئا أفضل من العقل، فنوم العاقل أفضل من سهر الجاهل، و إقامة العاقل أفضل من شخوص الجاهل، و لا بعث الله نبيا و لا رسولا حتى يستكمل العقل، و يكون عقله أفضل من جميع عقول أمته
And from him, from a number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from one of our companions, raising it with an unbroken chain, said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj has not Distributed anything for His-azwj servants which is better than ‘العقل’ the intellect. So the sleep of the intellectual is higher than the wakefulness of the ignorant, and the standing (for Prayer) of the intellectual is higher than the restlessness of ignorant. And Allah-azwj did not Send a Rasool-as until he-as was of complete intellect, and Made his-as intellect to be higher than the intellects of the whole of his-as community.
و ما يضمر النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) في نفسه أفضل من اجتهاد المجتهدين، و ما أدى العبد فرائض الله حتى عقل عنه، و لا بلغ جميع العابدين، في فضل عبادتهم ما بلغ العاقل، و العقلاء هم أولو الألباب، الذين قال الله تعالى: وَ ما يَذَّكَّرُ إِلَّا أُولُوا الْأَلْبابِ
And what the Prophet-saww held within himself-saww was better than the ijtihad of the mujtahids, and the worshipper does not fulfil the obligations of Allah-azwj until he is of sound mind. And all of the worshippers do not reach the preference of the intellectual with regards to their worship. And the intellectuals, they are the ones of understanding for whom Allah-azwj the Exalted Says: But rather, the ones of the understanding will heed [39:9]’.[44]
ابن شهر آشوب: عن النيسابوري في (روضة الواعظين)، أنه قال عروة بن الزبير: سمع بعض التابعين أنس بن مالك يقول: نزلت في علي (عليه السلام): أَمَّنْ هُوَ قانِتٌ آناءَ اللَّيْلِ ساجِداً وَ قائِماً الآية، قال الرجل: فأتيت عليا (عليه السلام) وقت المغرب فوجدته يصلي و يقرأ القرآن إلى أن طلع الفجر، ثم جدد وضوءه، و خرج إلى المسجد، و صلى بالناس صلاة الفجر
Ibn Shehr Ashub, from Al-Neyshapouri, in Rowzat Al-Waizeen, from Urwat Bin Al-Zubeyr, from some of the Tabi’een, from Anas Bin Malik saying,
‘It was Revealed regarding Ali-asws: Safe is He who is obedient during the hours of the night, performing Sajdah and standing [39:9] – the Verse. The man said, ‘I went over to Ali-asws at the time of Al-Maghrib, so I found him-asws praying Salat and reciting the Quran up to the break of dawn. Then he-asws renewed his-asws wudu, and went to the Masjid, and prayed the Fajr Salat with the people.
ثم قعد في التعقيب إلى أن طلعت الشمس، ثم قصده الناس، فجعل يقضي بينهم إلى أن قام إلى صلاة الظهر، فجدد الوضوء، ثم صلى بأصحابه الظهر، ثم قعد في التعقيب إلى أن صلى بهم العصر، ثم كان يحكم بين الناس و يفتيهم إلى أن غابت الشمس
Then he-asws sat regarding the advice up to the rising of the sun. Then the people went to him-asws, so he-asws judged between them until the established of Al-Zohr Salat. So he-asws renewed the ablution, then prayed Al-Zohr Salat with the people. Then he-asws sat regarding the advice until he-asws prayed Al-Asr Salat with them. Then he-asws judged between the people, and issued Verdicts for them until the sun set’.[45]
وَ اتَّصَلَ بِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ ع أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ فُقَهَاءِ شِيعَتِهِ كَلَّمَ بَعْضَ النُّصَّابِ فَأَفْحَمَهُ بِحُجَّتِهِ حَتَّى أَبَانَ عَنْ فَضِيحَتِهِ
In Tafseer Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws – ‘And news was received by Abu Al-Hassan-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Askari-asws that a man from the understanding ones of his-asws Shias spoke with one of the Nasibis (hostile ones), so he confounded him with his arguments until he exposed his shame.
فَدَخَلَ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع وَ فِي صَدْرِ مَجْلِسِهِ دَسْتٌ عَظِيمٌ مَنْصُوبٌ، وَ هُوَ قَاعِدٌ خَارِجَ الدَّسْتِ، وَ بِحَضْرَتِهِ خَلْقٌ [كَثِيرٌ] مِنَ الْعَلَوِيِّينَ وَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ، فَمَا زَالَ يَرْفَعُهُ حَتَّى أَجْلَسَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ الدَّسْتِ، وَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ
So, he came over to Ali-asws Bin Muhammad-asws and in the front of his-asws gathering a large stage had been established, and he was seated outside the stage, and in his presence were a lot of people from the Alawites and the Clan of Hashim-asws. So he-asws did not cease to raise him until he-asws had him seated in that stage, and faced towards him-asws.
فَاشْتَدَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى أُولَئِكَ الْأَشْرَافِ: فَأَمَّا الْعَلَوِيَّةُ فَأَجَلُّوهُ عَنِ الْعِتَابِ، وَ أَمَّا الْهَاشِمِيُّونَ فَقَالَ لَهُ شَيْخُهُمْ: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ هَكَذَا تُؤْثِرُ عَامِّيّاً عَلَى سَادَاتِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ مِنَ الطَّالِبِيِّينَ وَ الْعَبَّاسِيِّينَ
So that was grievous upon those noblemen, and as for the Alawites, they considered it as a reproach, and as for the Hashimites, so their Sheikh said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Is this how you are preferring the general people over the chiefs (Sadaat) of the Clan of Hashim-asws, from the students and the Abbasides?’
فَقَالَ ع: إِيَّاكُمْ- وَ أَنْ تَكُونُوا مِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِمْ: أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا نَصِيباً مِنَ الْكِتابِ يُدْعَوْنَ إِلى كِتابِ اللَّهِ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّى فَرِيقٌ مِنْهُمْ وَ هُمْ مُعْرِضُونَ أَ تَرْضَوْنَ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَكَماً قَالُوا: بَلَى
So he-asws said: ‘Beware of becoming from those Allah-azwj Said regarding them: Have you not considered those who are given a portion of the Book? They are invited to the Book of Allah that it might decide between them, then a party of them turn back and they are exposed [3:23]. Would you be pleased with the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic as a Judge?’ They said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ: أَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا- إِذا قِيلَ لَكُمْ تَفَسَّحُوا فِي الْمَجالِسِ فَافْسَحُوا يَفْسَحِ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ- وَ إِذا قِيلَ انْشُزُوا فَانْشُزُوا- يَرْفَعِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْكُمْ وَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ دَرَجاتٍ، فَلَمْ يَرْضَ لِلْعَالِمِ الْمُؤْمِنِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُرْفَعَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ غَيْرِ الْعَالِمِ، كَمَا لَمْ يَرْضَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُرْفَعَ عَلَى مَنْ لَيْسَ بِمُؤْمِنٍ
He-asws said: ‘Isn’t Allah-azwj the Exalted Saying: O you who believe! When it is said to you, ‘Make room in (your) assemblies’, then make ample room, Allah will Give you ample, and when it is said: ‘Rise up’, then rise up, Allah will Exalt those of you who believe, and those who are given knowledge, in high Levels; [58:11]?’ So He-azwj is not Please for the Momin scholar until he is raised to be above the Momin not a scholar, just as He-azwj is not Please for the Momin until he is raised over the one who is not a Momin.
أَخْبِرُونِي عَنْهُ أَ قَالَ: يَرْفَعُ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ دَرَجَاتٍ أَوْ قَالَ: يَرْفَعُ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا شَرَفَ النَّسَبِ دَرَجَاتٍ أَ وَ لَيْسَ قَالَ اللَّهُ: قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِي الَّذِينَ يَعْلَمُونَ وَ الَّذِينَ لا يَعْلَمُونَ فَكَيْفَ تُنْكِرُونَ رَفْعِي لِهَذَا لَمَّا رَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ إِنَّ كَسْرَ هَذَا لِفُلَانٍ النَّاصِبِ بِحُجَجِ اللَّهِ الَّتِي عَلَّمَهُ إِيَّاهَا- لَأَفْضَلُ لَهُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَرَفٍ فِي النَّسَبِ
Inform me-asws about it. Did He-azwj Say Allah-azwj would be Raising those given the knowledge to (lofty) levels), or did He-azwj Say Allah-azwj would Raise those given the nobility of the lineage to (lofty) levels? Or, didn’t Allah (s.w.t) Say: Say: ‘Are they equal, those who do not know and those do know?’ [39:9]. So, how can you be denying the raising of this (person) to what Allah-azwj Raised him, when he broke so and so the Nasibi by the arguments of Allah-azwj which he had learnt these – it is more superior for him than all the nobilities regarding the lineage’.
فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسِيُّ: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَدْ شَرَّفْتَ عَلَيْنَا مَنْ هُوَ ذُو نَسَبٍ يَقْصُرُ بِنَا، وَ مَنْ لَيْسَ لَهُ نَسَبٌ كَنَسَبِنَا، وَ مَا زَالَ مُنْذُ أَوَّلِ الْإِسْلَامِ يُقَدَّمُ الْأَفْضَلُ فِي الشَّرَفِ عَلَى مَنْ دُونَهُ
So the Abbasside said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! You have ennobled over us, one who is with a lineage deficient from ours, and the one who hasn’t a lineage like our lineage, and it has not cease to be so since the beginning of Al Islam, the precedence of the merits regarding the nobility over the ones below it’.
فَقَالَ ع: سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ- أَ لَيْسَ الْعَبَّاسُ بَايَعَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ هُوَ تَيْمِيٌّ وَ الْعَبَّاسُ هَاشِمِيٌّ أَ وَ لَيْسَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ كَانَ يَخْدُمُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، وَ هُوَ هَاشِمِيٌّ وَ أَبُو الْخُلَفَاءِ وَ عُمَرُ عَدَوِيٌّ وَ مَا بَالُ عُمَرَ أَدْخَلَ الْبُعَدَاءَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فِي الشُّورَى- وَ لَمْ يُدْخِلِ الْعَبَّاسَ
So he-asws said: ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! Didn’t Al-Abbas pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr and he was a Tameemi (from the clan of Tameem), and Al-Abbas was a Hashemite? And wasn’t it so that Abdullah Bin Al-Abbas was a servant of Umar Bin Al-Khattab, and he (Abdullah) was a Hashemite and a father of the caliphs, and Umar was a Adawite (clan of Adayy)? And what was the matter Umar included the remote ones from the Quraysh in the consultation but did not include Al-Abbas?
فَإِنْ كَانَ رَفْعُنَا لِمَنْ لَيْسَ بِهَاشِمِيٍّ عَلَى هَاشِمِيٍّ مُنْكَراً- فَأَنْكِرُوا عَلَى الْعَبَّاسِ بَيْعَتَهُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ خِدْمَتَهُ لِعُمَرَ بَعْدَ بَيْعَتِهِ لَهُ، فَإِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ جَائِزاً فَهَذَا جَائِزٌ فَكَأَنَّمَا أُلْقِمَ هَذَا الْهَاشِمِيُّ حَجَراً
So, if our-asws raising the one who isn’t a Hashemite over a Hashemite was evil – then you should be denying upon Al-Abbas of his pledging allegiance to Abu Bakr, and upon Abdullah Bin Al-Abbas of his serving to Umar after having pledged allegiance to him. So, if that was allowed, then this is (also) allowed’. So, it was as if the Hashemite (Sheikh) had a stone stuck in his throat (silenced)’.[46]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ آناءَ اللَّيْلِ ساجِداً وَ قائِماً يَحْذَرُ الْآخِرَةَ وَ يَرْجُوا رَحْمَةَ رَبِّهِ قَالَ يَعْنِي صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Safe is He who is obedient during the hours of the night, performing Sajdah and standing, being cautious of the Hereafter and hoping for the Mercy of his Lord [39:9]’. He-asws said: ‘It Means the night Salāt’. [47]
VERSE 10
قُلْ يَا عِبَادِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمْ ۚ لِلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا فِي هَٰذِهِ الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةٌ ۗ وَأَرْضُ اللَّهِ وَاسِعَةٌ ۗ إِنَّمَا يُوَفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ {10}
Say: ‘O my servants who believe! Fear your Lord! For those who do good deeds in this world, is good, and the earth of Allah is vast. But rather, the patient ones would be fulfilled their Recompense without Reckoning’ [39:10]
ابن بابويه في (بشارات الشيعة)، قال: حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه (رحمه الله)، قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى، عن حنظلة، عن ميسرة، قال: سمعت أبا الحسن الرضا (عليه السلام) يقول: «لا يرى منكم في النار اثنان، لا و الله و لا واحد». قال: قلت: فأين ذا من كتاب الله؟ فأمسك عني سنة
Ibn Babuwayh in Bashaarat Al-Shia, said that it has been narrated from Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiyaar, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Hanzala, from Maysara who said,
‘I heard Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws: ‘I do not see two of you (Shias) in the Fire, no by Allah-azwj, not even one.’ I said, ‘Where is that, from the Book of Allah-azwj?’ But, he-asws withheld from me for a year.
قال: فإني معه ذات يوم في الطواف، إذ قال: «يا ميسرة، أذن لي في جوابك عن مسألتك كذا
He (the narrator) said, ‘One day I was with him-asws during the Tawaaf (of the Kabah), when he-asws said: ‘O Maysara! Allow me-asws in answering you about your question like that’.
قال: قلت: فأين هو من القرآن؟ قال: «في سورة الرحمن و هو قول الله عز و جل: (فيومئذ لا يسئل عن ذنبه منكم إنس و لا جان)
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘So where is it from the Quran?’ He-asws said: ‘In Surah Al Rahman, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj, Mighty and Majestic: So on that Day, neither a human being nor Jinn from you (Shias) would be Questioned about his sin [55:39]’.
فقلت له: ليس فيها (منكم)؟ قال: «إن أول من غيرها ابن أروى، و ذلك أنها حجة عليه و على أصحابه، و لو لم يكن فيها (منكم) لسقط عقاب الله عز و جل عن خلقه، إذا لم يسئل عن ذنبه إنس و لا جان، فلمن يعاقب الله إذن يوم القيامة»؟
So, I said to him-asws, ‘There isn’t in it ‘from you’?’ He-asws said: ‘The first one who altered it was Ibn Arwa[48], and that it is a proof against him and against his companions; and if (the words) ‘from you’ do not happen to be in it, the Punishment of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would be Dropped from His-azwj creatures, when neither a human being nor a Jinn would be Questioned about his sin. Then whom would Allah-azwj Punish on the Day of Judgment?’’[49]
في مجمع البيان وروى عن الرضا عليه السلام انه قال: ” فيومئذ لا يسئل منكم عن ذنبه انس ولا جان ” ان من اعتقد الحق ثم اذنب ولم يتب في الدنيا عذب عليه في البرزخ ويخرج يوم القيامة، وليس له ذنب يسأل عنه
In Majma Ul Bayaan,
It has been reported from Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘So on that Day, neither a human being nor Jinn from you (Shias) would be Questioned about his sin [55:39]. The one who believes in the truth, then sins, and does not repent in the world, will have punishment during the purgatory and will come out on the Day of Judgement, and there will be no sins upon him which he will be Questioned about.’[50]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ يَقُومُ عُنُقٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَيَأْتُونَ بَابَ الْجَنَّةِ فَيَضْرِبُونَهُ فَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ مَنْ أَنْتُمْ فَيَقُولُونَ نَحْنُ أَهْلُ الصَّبْرِ فَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ عَلَى مَا صَبَرْتُمْ فَيَقُولُونَ كُنَّا نَصْبِرُ عَلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَ نَصْبِرُ عَنْ مَعَاصِي اللَّهِ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazaan, altogether, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When it will be the Day of Judgement, (some) necks of the people would stand and they would be coming to the Door of the Paradise, and they would be knocking it. So it would be said to them, ‘Who are you?’ They would be saying, ‘We are the people of patience’. So it would be said to them, ‘What were you patient upon?’ They would be saying, ‘We were patient upon the obedience of Allah-azwj, and we were patient from (not) disobeying Allah-azwj’.
فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ صَدَقُوا أَدْخِلُوهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنَّما يُوَفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would be Saying: “They are speaking the truth. Enter them into the Paradise”. And these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But rather, the patient ones would be fulfilled their Recompense without Reckoning’ [39:10]’.[51]
الشيخ في (أماليه): بإسنادعن أبي إسحاق الهمداني، عن أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، في كتابه إلى محمد بن أبي بكر و أهل مصر، قال (عليه السلام): «قد قال الله تعالى: يا عِبادِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمْ لِلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا فِي هذِهِ الدُّنْيا حَسَنَةٌ وَ أَرْضُ اللَّهِ واسِعَةٌ إِنَّما يُوَفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ، فما أعطاهم الله في الدنيا لم يحاسبهم به في الآخرة
Al-Sheykh, in his Amaali, by a chain from Abu Is’haq Al-Hamdany,
‘Amir-Al-Momineen-asws, in his-asws letter to Muhammad Bin Abu Bakr and the people of Egypt, he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj has Said: Say: ‘O my servants who believe! Fear your Lord! For those who do good deeds in this world, is good, and the earth of Allah is vast. But rather, the patient ones would be fulfilled their Recompense without Reckoning’ [39:10], so, whatever Allah-azwj has Given them in the world, He-azwj would not Reckon them for it in the Hereafter’.[52]
الطبرسي: روى العياشي بإسناده، عن عبد الله بن سنان، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال: «قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): إذا نشرت الدواوين، و نصبت الموازين، لم ينصب لأهل البلاء ميزان، و لم ينشر لهم ديوان، ثم تلا هذه الآية: إِنَّما يُوَفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
Al-Tabarsy – It has been reported from Al-Ayyashi, by his chain, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws having said that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When the Registers (of deeds) will be Published, and the Scales will be Established, the Scale would be not Established for the people of the afflictions, and their Register would not be Published’. Then he-saww recited this Verse: But rather, the patient ones would be fulfilled their Recompense without Reckoning’ [39:10]’.[53]
The world and the Hereafter
ابن بابويه، قال: حدثنا علي بن أحمد بن محمد (رضي الله عنه)، قال: حدثنا محمد بن يعقوب، عن علي بن محمد، بإسناده، رفعه، قال: أتى علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام) يهودي، فقال: يا أمير المؤمنين، إني أسألك عن أشياء، إن أنت أخبرتني بها أسلمت، قال علي (عليه السلام): «سلني يا يهودي عما بدا لك، فإنك لا تصيب أحدا أعلم منا أهل البيت
Ibn Babuwayh, from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Muhammad, raising it with an unbroken chain, said,
‘A Jew came up to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and said, ‘O Amir-Al-Momineen-asws! I will ask you-asws about a few things. If you-asws inform me of these, I shall become a Muslim’. Ali-asws said: ‘Ask me-asws, O Jew, about whatsoever that comes to you, for you will never come to anyone more knowledgeable than us-asws, the People-asws of the Household’.
و ذكر مسائل اليهودي إلى أن قال اليهودي: و لم سميت الدنيا دنيا، قال علي (عليه السلام): «و إنما سميت الدنيا دنيا لأنها أدنى من كل شيء، و سميت الآخرة آخرة لأن فيها الثواب و الجزاء
And (the narrator) mentioned the questions of the Jew up to the point where the Jew said, ‘And why is the world (الدنيا) called ‘world’ (Dunya)?’ Ali-asws said: ‘But rather, the world has been called ‘Dunya’ because it is the lowest (Adna) of everything, and the Hereafter has been called the ‘Hereafter’, because in it are the Rewards and the Recompense’.[54]
وعنه: بإسناده، في حديث، عن يزيد بن سلام، عن رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، قال: قلت: أخبرني عن الدنيا، لم سميت الدنيا؟ قال: «إن الدنيا دنيئة، خلقت من دون الآخرة، و لو خلقت مع الآخرة لم يفن أهلها كما لم يفن أهل الآخرة
And from him, in a Hadeeth, from Yazeed Bin Salaam,
Rasool-Allah-saww replied when I asked: ‘Inform me about the world, why has it been called ‘Al-Dunya’ (الدنيا)?’ He-saww said: ‘The world in contemptible, Created separately from the Hereafter. And had it been Created with the Hereafter, its people would not have perished, just as the people of the Hereafter do not perish’.
قال: فأخبرني عن القيامة، لم سميت القيامة؟ قال: «لأن فيها قيام الخلق للحساب
He said, ‘So inform me about the Day of Judgement, why is it called the Day of Standing?’ He-saww said: ‘Because, in it, the creatures would stand for the Reckoning’.
قال: فأخبرني لم سميت الآخرة آخرة؟ قال: «لأنها متأخرة تجيء من بعد الدنيا، لا توصف سنينها، و لا تحصى أيامها، و لا يموت سكانها»، قال: صدقت، يا محمد
He said, ‘Inform me, why is the Hereafter (الآخرة) called the Hereafter?’ He-saww said: ‘Because it is delayed ( متأخر). It would come after the world. Its years cannot be described, nor can its days be numbered, nor would its dwellers die’. He said, ‘You-saww have spoken the truth, O Muhammad-saww’.[55]
VERSES 11 – 16
قُلْ إِنِّي أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ مُخْلِصًا لَهُ الدِّينَ {11}
Say: ‘I am Commanded that I worship Allah, being sincere to Him in the Religion [39:11]
وَأُمِرْتُ لِأَنْ أَكُونَ أَوَّلَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ {12}
And I am Commanded that I be the first of the submitters’ [39:12]
قُلْ إِنِّي أَخَافُ إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِّي عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ {13}
Say: ‘If I disobey my Lord, I fear the Punishment of a Mighty Day’ [39:13]
قُلِ اللَّهَ أَعْبُدُ مُخْلِصًا لَهُ دِينِي {14}
Say: ‘I worship Allah, being sincere to Him in my Religion, [39:14]
فَاعْبُدُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ ۗ قُلْ إِنَّ الْخَاسِرِينَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ۗ أَلَا ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْخُسْرَانُ الْمُبِينُ {15}
So, worship what you like besides Him. Say: ‘Surely the losers are those who would be incurring losses for themselves and their families on the Day of Judgment. Indeed! That is the manifest loss’ [39:15]
لَهُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ مِنَ النَّارِ وَمِنْ تَحْتِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ يُخَوِّفُ اللَّهُ بِهِ عِبَادَهُ ۚ يَا عِبَادِ فَاتَّقُونِ {16}
For them would be coverings of Fire from above them and from beneath them. By that, Allah is Alarming His servants. “O servant, therefore fear Me!” [39:16]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: في رواية أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، في قوله: قُلْ إِنَّ الْخاسِرِينَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ، يقول: «غبنوا أنفسهم وَ أَهْلِيهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ أَلا ذلِكَ هُوَ الْخُسْرانُ الْمُبِينُ
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘In a report of Abu Al-Jaroud,
From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: Say: ‘Surely the losers are those who would be incurring losses for themselves [39:15], he-asws said: ‘Disadvantaging themselves’, and their families on the Day of Judgment. Indeed! That is the manifest loss’ [39:15]’.[56]
معاني الأخبار حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَّانُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحُسَيْنِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الطَّيِّبِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ اللَّخْمِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمُهَلَّبِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أُمِّهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَتْ لَمَّا اشْتَدَّتْ عِلَّةُ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ غَلَبَهَا اجْتَمَعَ عِنْدَهَا نِسَاءُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقُلْنَ لَهَا يَا بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ أَصْبَحْتِ عَنْ عِلَّتِكِ
(The book) ‘Maany Al Akhbaar’ – It is narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan Al Qattan who said, ‘It is narrated to us by Abdul Rahman Bin Muhammad Al-Husayni who said, ‘It is narrated to us by Abu Al Tayyib Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn Bin Humeyd Al Lakhmy who said, ‘It is narrated by Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Zakariya who said, ‘It is narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Abdul Rahman Al Muhallaby who said, ‘It is narrated to us by Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Suleyman, from his father,
‘From Abdullah son of Al-Hassan-asws, from his mother-asws (Syeda) Fatima-asws Bint Al-Husayn-asws, she-asws said: ‘When the illness of Fatima-asws, daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, intensified and it overcame her-asws, the women of the Emigrants and the Helpers gathered in her-asws presence. They said to her-asws, ‘O daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! How are you-asws feeling from your-asws illness?’
فَقَالَتْ ع أَصْبَحْتُ وَ اللَّهِ عَائِفَةً لَدُنْيَاكُمْ قَالِيَةً لِرِجَالِكُمْ لَفَظْتُهُمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ عَجَمْتُهُمْ وَ شَنَئْتُهُمْ بَعْدَ أَنْ سَبَرْتُهُمْ فَقُبْحاً لِفُلُولِ الْحَدِّ وَ خَوَرِ الْقَنَاةِ وَ خَطَلِ الرَّأْيِ وَ بِئْسَ ما قَدَّمَتْ لَهُمْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ أَنْ سَخِطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ فِي الْعَذابِ هُمْ خالِدُونَ
She-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws have become disgusted with your world, hateful to your men. I-asws understood their words before they had even spoken, and I-asws was their adversary after I-asws had probed them. They are of ugly deeds to the limit and enfeebled of the mind, and foolish of opinion, Evil is what their souls have sent forward. Allah is Wrathful upon them, and they would be in the Punishment eternally [5:80].
لَا جَرَمَ لَقَدْ قَلَّدْتُهُمْ رِبْقَتَهَا وَ شَنَنْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ غَارَهَا فَجَدْعاً وَ عَقْراً وَ سُحْقاً لِلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
There is no doubt, its noose would tighten with them, and His-azwj Anger would be launched upon them, so mutilation, and slaying, and remoteness is for the unjust people.
وَيْحَهُمْ أَنَّى زَحْزَحُوهَا عَنْ رَوَاسِي الرِّسَالَةِ وَ قَوَاعِدِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ مَهْبِطِ الْوَحْيِ الْأَمِينِ وَ الطَّبِينِ بِأَمْرِ الدُّنْيَا وَ الدِّينِ أَلا ذلِكَ هُوَ الْخُسْرانُ الْمُبِينُ
Woe be unto them! They have moved away from the anchor of the Message, and the pillars of Prophet-hood, and place of descent of the Revelation by the trustworthy (Jibraeel-as), with the matters of the world and the religion, Indeed! That is the manifest loss’ [39:15].
وَ مَا نَقَمُوا مِنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ نَقَمُوا وَ اللَّهِ مِنْهُ نَكِيرَ سَيْفِهِ وَ شِدَّةَ وَطْئِهِ وَ نَكَالَ وَقْعَتِهِ وَ تَنَمُّرَهُ فِي ذَاتِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
And what are they avenging from Abu Al-Hassan-asws with their vengeance? By Allah-azwj! From him-asws was the punishment of his-asws sword, and severity of his-asws treading, and exemplary punishment of his-asws occurrence and his-asws rage for the Sake of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ تَكَافُّوا عَنْ زِمَامٍ نَبَذَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَيْهِ لَاعْتَلَقَهُ وَ لَسَارَ بِهِمْ سَيْراً سُجُحاً لَا يَكْلُمُ خِشَاشُهُ وَ لَا يُتَعْتَعُ رَاكِبُهُ وَ لَأَوْرَدَهُمْ مَنْهَلًا نَمِيراً فَضْفَاضاً تَطْفَحُ ضَفَّتَاهُ وَ لَأَصْدَرَهُمْ بِطَاناً قَدْ تَحَيَّرَ بِهِمُ الرَّيُّ غَيْرَ مُتَحَلٍّ مِنْهُ بِطَائِلٍ إِلَّا بِغَمْرِ الْمَاءِ وَ رَدْعِهِ شَرَرَهُ السَّاغِبَ وَ لَفُتِحَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ بَرَكاتٍ مِنَ السَّماءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ سَيَأْخُذُهُمُ اللَّهُ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ
By Allah-azwj! If only they had pulled the reins Rasool-Allah-saww had enforced to him-asws, he-asws would have travelled with them a beautiful travel, neither injuring an insect nor shaking its rider, and he-asws would have brought to a watering place of tigers, plentiful, its sides being exuberant. He-asws would have given them such esoteric matters the openers had been bewildered with them, without releasing any falsehood from it, except with submerging it in the water and deterring it from the evil hunger, and there would have opened upon them Blessings from the sky and the earth. And Allah-azwj will be Seizing them due that they had been earning.
أَلَا هَلُمَّ فَاسْمَعْ وَ مَا عِشْتَ أَرَاكَ الدَّهْرُ الْعَجَبَ وَ إِنْ تَعْجَبْ فَقَدْ أَعْجَبَكَ الْحَادِثُ إِلَى أَيِّ سِنَادٍ اسْتَنَدُوا وَ بِأَيِّ عُرْوَةٍ تَمَسَّكُوا اسْتَبْدَلُوا الذُّنَابَى وَ اللَّهِ بِالْقَوَادِمِ وَ الْعَجُزَ بِالْكَاهِلِ فَرَغْماً لِمَعَاطِسِ
Indeed! Come! Listen! And for as long as I-asws lived, the times have shown you strange things, and if you marvelled, so the newly occurring events has astounded you. To which support will you be relying and with which handhold will you be holding on to. By Allah-azwj! The sins have been replaced with the people, and the frustrations with the elders being devoid of emotions.
قَوْمٍ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعاً أَلا إِنَّهُمْ هُمُ الْمُفْسِدُونَ وَ لكِنْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ أَ فَمَنْ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْحَقِّ أَحَقُّ أَنْ يُتَّبَعَ أَمَّنْ لا يَهِدِّي إِلَّا أَنْ يُهْدى فَما لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُونَ
They are a people who are reckoning that they are good in what they do?’ [18:104] Indeed! They themselves are the mischief makers, but they are not realising [2:12] Is the one who guides to the Truth more rightful to be followed or the one who does not guide unless if he is Guided? So what is the matter with you all? How are you judging?’ [10:35].
أَمَا لَعَمْرُ إِلَهِكَ لَقَدْ لَقِحَتْ فَنَظِرَةٌ رَيْثَمَا تُنْتَجُ ثُمَّ احْتَلَبُوا طِلَاعَ الْقَعْبِ دَماً عَبِيطاً وَ ذُعَافاً مُمْقِراً هُنَالِكَ يَخْسَرُ الْمُبْطِلُونَ وَ يُعْرَفُ التَّالُونَ غِبَّ مَا سَنَّ الْأَوَّلُونَ
As for the religion of your God-azwj, you have corrupted, so look until it produces, then milk the emergence of the consequences of unwitnessed blood and a house of lethal poison. Over there, the falsifiers would incur loss and the followers would understand the outcome of what the former ones had legislated.
ثُمَّ طِيبُوا عَنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَنْفُساً وَ طَأْمِنُوا لِلْفِتْنَةِ جَأْشاً وَ أَبْشِرُوا بِسَيْفٍ صَارِمٍ وَ هَرْجٍ شَامِلٍ وَ اسْتِبْدَادٍ مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ يَدَعُ فَيْئَكُمْ زَهِيداً وَ زَرْعَكُمْ حَصِيداً فَيَا حَسْرَتَى لَكُمْ وَ أَنَّى بِكُمْ وَ قَدْ عَمِيَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ أَ نُلْزِمُكُمُوها وَ أَنْتُمْ لَها كارِهُونَ
Then feel good in your own souls, and rest assured of the simmering Fitna, and receive news of the sharp sword, and all-inclusive troubles, and tyranny from the oppressors, leaving an insignificant number among you, and harvest (all) your cultivations. O my-asws regret for you all, and I-asws am with you and your hearts have been blinded upon you! would we Impose it upon you although you are unwilling to it? [11:28]’’.[57]
VERSE 17
وَالَّذِينَ اجْتَنَبُوا الطَّاغُوتَ أَنْ يَعْبُدُوهَا وَأَنَابُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ لَهُمُ الْبُشْرَىٰ ۚ فَبَشِّرْ عِبَادِ {17}
And those who are shunning the tyrants and distancing from them and are being penitent (repentant) to Allah, for them is the glad tidings, therefore give glad tidings to My servants [39:17]
في مجمع البيان وَ الَّذِينَ اجْتَنَبُوا الطَّاغُوتَ أَنْ يَعْبُدُوها وَ أَنابُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ لَهُمُ الْبُشْرى و – رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَنْتُمْ هُمْ، وَ مَنْ أَطَاعَ جَبَّاراً فَقَدْ عَبَدَهُ
In (the book) Majma Al Bayan –
‘(Re): And those who are shunning the tyrants and distancing from them and are being penitent (repentant) to Allah, for them is the glad tidings, therefore give glad tidings to My servants [39:17] – Abu Baseer reported from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘You are they, and one who obeys a tyrant, so he has worshipped him’’.[58]
عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (عليه السلام) قَالَ كُلُّ رَايَةٍ تُرْفَعُ قَبْلَ قِيَامِ الْقَائِمِ فَصَاحِبُهَا طَاغُوتٌ يُعْبَدُ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
From him, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hammaad Bin Isa, from Al-Husayn Bin Al-Mukhtar, from Abu Baseer, who has narrated the following:
Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Every banner which rises before the rising of Al-Qaim-asws, so its owner is a tyrant who worships someone apart from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[59]
VERSE 18
الَّذِينَ يَسْتَمِعُونَ الْقَوْلَ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ أَحْسَنَهُ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ هَدَاهُمُ اللَّهُ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمْ أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ {18}
Those who are listening intently to the Word and they are following the best of it, those are they whom Allah Guided, and those, they are the ones of understanding [39:18]
علي بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَوْلَ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَمِعُونَ الْقَوْلَ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ أَحْسَنَهُ قَالَ هُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَسْمَعُ الْحَدِيثَ فَيُحَدِّثُ بِهِ كَمَا سَمِعَهُ لَا يَزِيدُ فِيهِ وَ لَا يَنْقُصُ مِنْهُ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Mansour Bin Yunus, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The Words of Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Laudation Those who are listening intently to the Word and they are following the best of it. He-asws said: ‘He is the man who hears the Hadeeth, so he narrates it just as he had heard it, neither increasing in it nor reducing from it’.[60]
أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْحَسَنِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ أَيْمَنَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَمِعُونَ الْقَوْلَ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ أَحْسَنَهُ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ قَالَ هُمُ الْمُسَلِّمُونَ لآِلِ مُحَمَّدٍ الَّذِينَ إِذَا سَمِعُوا الْحَدِيثَ لَمْ يَزِيدُوا فِيهِ وَ لَمْ يَنْقُصُوا مِنْهُ جَاءُوا بِهِ كَمَا سَمِعُوهُ
Ahmad Bin Mihran, from Abdul Azeem Al Hassany, from Ali Bin Asbat, from Ali Bin Uqba, from Al Hakam Bin Ayman, from Abu Baseer whom said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Those who are listening intently to the Word and they are following the best of it [39:18] – up to the end of the Verse. He-asws said: ‘They are the submitters to the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, those who, when they hear the Hadeeth, they neither increase in it nor do they reduce from it. They come with it just as they had heard it’.[61]
حدثنا احمد بن محمد عن محمد بن سنان عن ابن مسكان عن سدير قال قلت لابي جعفر عليه السلام تركت مواليك مختلفين يتبرء بعضهم من بعض
It has been narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ibn Muskaan, from Sudeyr who said:
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘I left your-asws friends differing, some of them disavowing from the others’.
قال وما انت وذاك انما كلف الله الناس ثلثة معرفة الائمة والتسليم لهم فيما يرد عليهم والرد عليهم فيما اختلفوا فيه
He-asws said: ‘And what have you to do with that? But rather Allah-azwj has Assigned three (things) to the people – Recognising the Imams-asws, and submitting to them-asws in what is referred to them, and referring to them-asws in what they differ in’.[62]
حدثنا محمد بن عيسى عن حماد بن عيسى عن الحسين بن المختار عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال يهلك اصحاب الكلام وينجو المسلمين ان المسلمين هم النجباء
It has been narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Isa, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Al-Husayn Bin Al-Mukhtar, who has narrated:
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The people of theology will be destroyed, and the submitters (to the Hadeeth) will (attain) Salvation. It is the submitters (to the Ahadeeth) that are the excellent’.[63]
VERSE 19
أَفَمَنْ حَقَّ عَلَيْهِ كَلِمَةُ الْعَذَابِ أَفَأَنْتَ تُنْقِذُ مَنْ فِي النَّارِ {19}
So, the one upon whom the Sentence of the Punishment has proven true, can you save the one in the Fire? [39:19]
محمد بن يعقوب، عن علي بن محمد، عن بعض أصحابه، عن آدم بن إسحاق، عن عبد الرزاق بن مهران، عن الحسين بن ميمون، عن محمد بن سالم، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)- و ساق الحديث إلى أن قال-: «و ليست تشهد الجوارح على مؤمن، إنما تشهد على من حقت عليه كلمة العذاب، فأما المؤمن فيعطى كتابه بيمينه
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from one of his companions, from Adam Bin Is’haq, from Abdul Razaq Bin Mihran, from Al Husayn Bin Maymoun, from Muhammad Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Jafar-asws – and the he (the narrator) mentioned the Hadeeth until he-asws said: ‘And the body parts wouldn’t be testifying against a Momin. But rather, these would testify against the one upon whom the Sentence of the Punishment has proven true [39:19]. As for the Momin, so he would be Given his book in his right hand’’.[64]
VERSE 20
لَٰكِنِ الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا رَبَّهُمْ لَهُمْ غُرَفٌ مِنْ فَوْقِهَا غُرَفٌ مَبْنِيَّةٌ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ ۖ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ ۖ لَا يُخْلِفُ اللَّهُ الْمِيعَادَ {20}
However, for those who fear their Lord, for them would be rooms built from above these rooms, the rivers flowing from beneath them, being a Promise of Allah. Allah does not Break the Promises [39:20]
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ (عليه السلام) يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنَا عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ غُرَفٌ مِنْ فَوْقِها غُرَفٌ مَبْنِيَّةٌ بِمَا ذَا بُنِيَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
Ali-asws said: ‘O Rasool-saww Allah-azwj! Inform us about the Words of Allah-azwj: However, for those who fear their Lord, for them would be rooms built from above these rooms [39:20]’.
فَقَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ تِلْكَ غُرَفٌ بَنَاهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِأَوْلِيَائِهِ بِالدُّرِّ وَ الْيَاقُوتِ وَ الزَّبَرْجَدِ سُقُوفُهَا الذَّهَبُ مَحْبُوكَةٌ بِالْفِضَّةِ لِكُلِّ غُرْفَةٍ مِنْهَا أَلْفُ بَابٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ عَلَى كُلِّ بَابٍ مِنْهَا مَلَكٌ مُوَكَّلٌ بِهِ فِيهَا فُرُشٌ مَرْفُوعَةٌ بَعْضُهَا فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ مِنَ الْحَرِيرِ وَ الدِّيبَاجِ بِأَلْوَانٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ وَ حَشْوُهَا الْمِسْكُ وَ الْكَافُورُ وَ الْعَنْبَرُ
He-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Those are chambers which Allah-azwj has Built for His-azwj friends from the pearls, and the sapphire, and the emeralds, and their ceilings are of gold interwoven with silver. For each of the chambers are a thousand doors of gold upon each of which is an Angel allocated to it. In them are raised couches, one on top of the other from the silk, and the brocades of different colours, and their filling is of musk, and the camphor and ambergris.
إِذَا أُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنُ إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ وُضِعَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ تَاجُ الْمُلْكِ وَ الْكَرَامَةِ أُلْبِسَ حُلَلَ الذَّهَبِ وَ الْفِضَّةِ وَ الْيَاقُوتِ وَ الدُّرِّ الْمَنْظُومِ فِي الْإِكْلِيلِ تَحْتَ التَّاجِ
When the Momin enters his house in the Paradise, a crown of kingship and prestige would be placed upon his head, and he will be dressed in the clothes of gold, and silver, and the rubies, and the crystals arranged in designs as a wreath under the crown’.[65]
VERSE 21
أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَسَلَكَهُ يَنَابِيعَ فِي الْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ يُخْرِجُ بِهِ زَرْعًا مُخْتَلِفًا أَلْوَانُهُ ثُمَّ يَهِيجُ فَتَرَاهُ مُصْفَرًّا ثُمَّ يَجْعَلُهُ حُطَامًا ۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَذِكْرَىٰ لِأُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ {21}
Do you not see that Allah Sends down water from the sky, then Flows it as springs in the earth? Then He Brings out by it a variety of plants of different colours. Then it withers, so you see it as pale. Then He Makes it fragmented. Surely in that is a reminder for the ones of understanding [39:21]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: و في رواية أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام) في قوله تعالى: أَ لَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّماءِ ماءً فَسَلَكَهُ يَنابِيعَ فِي الْأَرْضِ: «و الينابيع: هي العيون و الركايا مما أنزل الله من السماء فأسكنه في الأرض
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘And in a report of Abu Al-Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: Do you not see that Allah Sends down water from the sky, then Flows it as springs in the earth [39:21], he-asws said: ‘The springs – It is the rivers and the lakes from what Allah-azwj has Sent down from the sky, so it settles in the ground’.
ثُمَّ يُخْرِجُ بِهِ زَرْعاً مُخْتَلِفاً أَلْوانُهُ ثُمَّ يَهِيجُ بذلك حتى يصفر ثُمَّ يَجْعَلُهُ حُطاماً و الحطام إذا يبست و تفتتت
Then He Brings out by it a variety of plants of different colours. Then it withers, so you see it as pale. Then He Makes it fragmented [39:21] – and the fragmentation is these (plants) drying up and becoming debris’.[66]
VERSE 22
أَلأَ فَمَنْ شَرَحَ اللَّهُ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ فَهُوَ عَلَىٰ نُورٍ مِنْ رَبِّهِ ۚ فَوَيْلٌ لِلْقَاسِيَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ مِنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ فِي ضَلَالٍ مُبِينٍ {22}
Indeed! So, the one whose heart Allah Expands for Islam, he is upon a Light from his Lord. Therefore, woe be (unto them) for the harshness in their hearts from the Zikr of Allah! They are in clear error [39:22]
ابن شهر آشوب: عن الواحدي في (أسباب النزول) و (الوسيط)، قال عطاء في قوله تعالى: أَ فَمَنْ شَرَحَ اللَّهُ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلامِ فَهُوَ عَلى نُورٍ مِنْ رَبِّهِ: نزلت في علي (عليه السلام) و حمزة فَوَيْلٌ لِلْقاسِيَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ في أبي جهل و ولده
Ibn Shehr Ashub, from Al-Wahidy, in Asbaab Al-Nuzool and Al-Waseet, –
Ata’a said regarding the Words of the Exalted: So, the one whose heart Allah Expands for Islam, he is upon a Light from his Lord [39:22]. It was Revealed regarding Ali-asws and Hamza-asws, Therefore woe be (unto them) for the harshness in their hearts – is regarding Abu Jahl and his son (Akrima)’.[67]
محمد بن يعقوب: عن علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن النوفلي، عن السكوني، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال: «أوحى الله عز و جل إلى موسى (عليه السلام): يا موسى، لا تفرح بكثرة المال، و لا تدع ذكري على كل حال، فإن كثرة المال تنسي الذنوب، و إن ترك ذكري يقسي القلوب
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al-Nowfaly, from Al-Sakuny,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Musa-as: “O Musa-as! Do not be happy with the ampleness of the wealth, and do not leave My-azwj Zikr in every situation, for the ampleness of the wealth will make you-as forget the sins, and the neglect of My-azwj Zikr hardens the hearts”.[68]
علي بن إبراهيم: و حدثني أبي، عن أحمد بن محمد بن أبي نصر، عن عبد الله بن القاسم، عن أبي خالد القماط، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال: «القسوة و الرقة من القلب، و هو قوله تعالى: فَوَيْلٌ لِلْقاسِيَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ مِنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘My father narrated to me, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Abdullah Bin Al-Qasim, from Abu Khalid Al-Qamaat,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The cruelty and the tender-heartedness are from the heart, and these are the Words of the Exalted: Therefore woe be (unto them) for the harshness in their hearts from the Zikr of Allah! [39:22]’.[69]
VERSE 23
اللَّهُ نَزَّلَ أَحْسَنَ الْحَدِيثِ كِتَابًا مُتَشَابِهًا مَثَانِيَ تَقْشَعِرُّ مِنْهُ جُلُودُ الَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ ثُمَّ تَلِينُ جُلُودُهُمْ وَقُلُوبُهُمْ إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُدَى اللَّهِ يَهْدِي بِهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۚ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُ مِنْ هَادٍ {23}
Allah has Revealed the best Hadeeth, a Book resembling its double. The skins of those who fear their Lord shivers from it. Then their skins and their hearts become soft to the Zikr of Allah [39:23]
محمد بن يعقوب: عن عدة من أصحابنا، عن سهل بن زياد، عن يعقوب بن إسحاق الضبي، عن أبي عمران الأرمني، عن عبد الله بن الحكم، عن جابر، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: قلت: إن قوما إذا ذكروا شيئا من القرآن، أو حدثوا به، صعق أحدهم حتى يرى أن أحدهم لو قطعت يداه و رجلاه، لم يشعر بذلك؟
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from a number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Yaqoub Bin Is’haq Al-Zaby, from Abu Umran Al-Armany, from Abdullah Bin Al-Hakam, from Jabir,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws replied when I asked, ‘There is a group of people, if anything from the Quran is mentioned to them, or narrated by it, stuns one of them to the extent that one would think that if his hands and his feet would be cut off, he would not realise it due to that’.
فقال: «سبحان الله! ذاك من الشيطان ما بهذا نعتوا، إنما هو اللين و الرقة و الدمعة و الوجل
So he-asws said: ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! That is from Satan-la. This is not what we-asws have been described with. But rather it is the softening, and the tender-heartedness, and the tears, and the anxiety’.[70]
وقال المفضل قال أبو جعفر عليه السلام ان حديثنا صعب مستصعب ذكوان اجرد لا يحتمله ملك مقرب ولا نبى مرسل ولا عبد امتحن الله قلبه للايمان
And Al-Mufazzal-said:
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Our-asws Ahadeeth are difficult and become more difficult. (These are) intelligent, clear, neither can the Angel of Proximity bear them, nor can the Mursil Prophet-as, nor the Momin whose heart has been tested for the Eman.
اما الصعب فهو الذى لم يركب بعد واما المستصعب فهو الذى يهرب منه إذا راى واما الذكوان فهو ذكاء المؤمنين واما الاجرد فهو الذى لا يتعلق به شئ من بين يديه ولامن خلفه
As for their being difficult, it is that he will not be able to ride them afterwards (act upon them). And as for them becoming more difficult, it is that he will reject some of them. And as for they being intelligent, it is the intelligence of the Momin. And as for them being clear, it is that with which he attaches by it to something in front of him, and not from behind him.
وهو قول الله الله نزل احسن الحديث فاحسن الحديث حديثنا لا يحتمله احد من الخلائق امره بكماله حتى يحده لانه من حد شيئا فهو اكبر منه والحمد لله على التوفيق والانكار هو الكفر
And these are the Words of Allah-azwj: Allah has Revealed the best Hadeeth [39:23]. The best Hadeeth are our-asws Hadeeth – no one from the creation is able to bear them. His-azwj Command was His-azwj Perfection until He-azwj Placed limits on them because the one who places limits on anything is greater than it, and Praise be to Allah-azwj for those who incline towards these, while the denier (of the Hadeeth) is a Kafir.’[71]
محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن محمد بن سنان، عن أبي سلام النحاس، عن بعض أصحابنا، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: نحن المثاني الذي أعطاه الله نبينا محمدا صلى الله عليه وآله ونحن وجه الله نتقلب في الارض بين أظهركم ونحن عين الله في خلقه ويده المبسوطة بالرحمة على عباده، عرفنا من عرفنا وجهلنا من جهلنا وإمامة المتقين
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abu Salaam Al-Nahaas, from one of our companions,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘We-asws are the double (مَثَانِيَ) which Allah-azwj Gave to our-asws Prophet-saww, and we-asws are the Face of Allah-azwj. We-asws move in the earth in your full view, and we-asws are the Eyes of Allah-azwj among His-azwj creatures, and His-azwj Hand Extended with the Mercy upon His-azwj servants. The one who recognised us-asws has recognised us-asws, and the one who is ignorant of us-asws is ignorant of us-asws, and we-asws are the Imams-asws of the Pious’.[72]
VERSES 24 – 29
أَفَمَنْ يَتَّقِي بِوَجْهِهِ سُوءَ الْعَذَابِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ۚ وَقِيلَ لِلظَّالِمِينَ ذُوقُوا مَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْسِبُونَ {24}
So, would he be the one who fears the evil of the Punishment to be faced by him on the Day of Judgment? And it would be Said to the unjust: “Taste what you had been earning!” [39:24]
كَذَّبَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَأَتَاهُمُ الْعَذَابُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ {25}
Those before them belied, therefore the Punishment came to them from where they were not aware of [39:25]
فَأَذَاقَهُمُ اللَّهُ الْخِزْيَ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا ۖ وَلَعَذَابُ الْآخِرَةِ أَكْبَرُ ۚ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ {26}
So, Allah Made them Taste the disgrace in the life of the world, and the Punishment of the Hereafter is greater, if only they had known [39:26]
وَلَقَدْ ضَرَبْنَا لِلنَّاسِ فِي هَٰذَا الْقُرْآنِ مِنْ كُلِّ مَثَلٍ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ {27}
And We have Struck for the people, every example in this Quran, perhaps they would heed [39:27]
قُرْآنًا عَرَبِيًّا غَيْرَ ذِي عِوَجٍ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ {28}
An Arabic Quran without any crookedness, perhaps they would fear [39:28]
– كا: محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن إسحاق بن غالب، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام في خطبة له خاصة يذكر فيها حال النبي صلى الله عليه واله والائمة عليهم السلام وصفاتهم
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Is’haq Bin Ghalib,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws in a sermon of his-asws especially mentioning therein the state of the Prophet-saww and the Imams-asws and their-asws description: –
فلم يمنع ربنا لحلمه وأناته (1) وعطفه ما كان من عظيم جرمهم وقبيح أفعالهم أن انتجب لهم أحب أنبيائه إليه
‘So our-asws Lord-azwj was not prevented, due to His-azwj Forbearance and His-azwj Care, and His-azwj Kindness, from the greatness of their crimes and the ugliness of their deeds, that He-azwj should Choose for them the most Beloved of His-azwj Prophets to Him-azwj.
وأكرمهم عليه، محمد بن عبد الله صلى الله عليه واله في حومة العز مولده، وفي دومة الكرم محتده، غير مشوب حسبه، ولا ممزوج نسبه، ولا مجهول عند أهل العلم صفته، بشرت به الانبياء في كتبها، ونطقت به العلماء بنعتها، و تأملته الحكماء بوصفها
And He-azwj Honoured them upon it, Muhammad-saww Bin Abdullah-saww with regards to the respectability of his-saww linage, and regarding the prestigious-ness of his-saww family environment, without there being a blemish in his-saww descent nor an inter-mingling in his-asws lineage, nor being unknown in the presence of knowledgeable people of his-saww description which the Prophets-as had given glad tidings with, in their-as Books, and the scholars had spoken with his-saww epithet, and the wise ones had pondered on his-saww description.
مهذب لا يدانى، هاشمي لا يوازي أبطحي لا يسامي، شيمته الحياء، وطبيعته السخاء، مجبول على أوقار النبوة وأخلاقها، مطبوع على أوصاف الرسالة وأحلامها، إلى أن انتهت به أسباب مقادير الله إلى أوقاتها، وجرى بأمر الله القضاء فيه إلى نهاياتها، أداه محتوم قضاء الله إلى غاياتها
A mannerism which no Hashimite had reached or was an equivalent of, nor had a person of Bat’ha had ever reached to such a peak. And his-saww nature was generous and had a natural tendency upon the dignity of the Prophet-hood and its mannerisms, bring naturally upon the qualities of the Messenger-ship and its magnanimity, up to that he-saww ended up to the Pre-determinations of Allah-azwj to its timings, and there flowed, by the Command of Allah-azwj, the Ordainments with regards to him-saww up to its end goals, fulfilling the Inevitable Ordainment of Allah-azwj to its peak.
تبشر به كل امة من بعدها، ويدفعه كل أب إلى أب من ظهر إلى ظهر، لم يخلطه في عنصره سفاح، ولم ينجسه في ولادته نكاح، من لدن آدم عليه السلام إلى أبيه عبد الله في خير فرقة، وأكرم سبط، وأمنع رهط وأكلا حمل، وأودع حجر
Every community gave the glad tidings of it from after him-saww, and every father handed it over to a father, from back to back. There did not did not mix it in the cutthroat race and did not defile the marriage in his-saww linage from since Adam-as up to his-saww father-as Abdullah-as, being in the best of the parties, and the most prestigious of tribes, and the most protected of groups, and the most preserved of lap, and the safest of laps.
اصطفاه الله وارتضاه واجتباه، وآتاه من العلم مفاتيحه، ومن الكرم ينابيعه، ابتعثه رحمة للعباد، وربيعا للبلاد، وأنزل الله إليه الكتاب، فيه البيان والتبيان: ” قرآنا عربيا غير ذي عوج لعلهم يتقون
Allah-azwj Chose him-saww, and Favoured him-saww, and Selected him-saww, and Gave him-saww from the Knowledge, its keys, and from the Wisdom, its springs, a Mercy to the servants, and a Sustainer to the cities. And Allah-azwj Revealed the Book unto him-saww wherein were the statements and the explanations, An Arabic Quran without any crookedness, perhaps they would fear [39:28].
قد بينه للناس ونهجه بعلم قد فصله، ودين قد أوضحه، وفرائض قد أوجبها، وحدود حدها للناس وبينها، وامور قد كشفها لخلقه و أعلنها، فيها دلالة إلى النجاة، ومعالم تدعو إلى هداه
He-azwj had Explained it to the people and Programmed it with knowledge. He-azwj had Detailed it, a Religion He-azwj had Clarified it, and necessities He-azwj had Obligated these, and Legal Punishments He-azwj had Defined these for the people and explained these, and matters he-saww has uncovered to His-azwj creatures, and Proclaimed therein the evidence to the salvation and information Calling to His-azwj Guidance.
فبلغ رسول الله صلى الله عليه واله ما أرسل به، وصدع بما أمر، وأدى ما حمل من أثقال النبوة، وصبر لربه، وجاهد في سبيله، و نصح لامته، ودعاهم إلى النجاة، وحثهم على الذكر، ودلهم على سبيل الهدى بمناهج و دواع أسس للعباد أساسها، ومنار رفع لهم أعلامها، كيلا يضلوا من بعده، وكان بهم رؤفا رحيما
Rasool-Allah-saww delivered what He-azwj had been Sent with, and expounded openly with whatever he-saww had been Commanded with, and fulfilled whatever he-saww was carrying from the burden of the Prophet-hood, and observed patience for his-saww Lord-azwj, and struggled in His-azwj Way, and advised to his-saww community and called them to the salvation, and urged them upon the Remembrance (Zikr), and pointed them upon the way of the Guidance by manifestos and prepared grounds of foundations for the servants, and raised beacons for them as their signs, perhaps they might not stray from after him-saww, and he-saww was kind and merciful with them’’.[73]
ضَرَبَ اللَّهُ مَثَلًا رَجُلًا فِيهِ شُرَكَاءُ مُتَشَاكِسُونَ وَرَجُلًا سَلَمًا لِرَجُلٍ هَلْ يَسْتَوِيَانِ مَثَلًا ۚ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ۚ بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ {29}
Allah Strikes an example of a man regarding whom are (several) partners differing with one another, and a man wholly for one man. Are the two alike in example? The Praise is for Allah, however, most of them do not know [39:29]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ الْكَابُلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عليه السلام) قَالَ ضَرَبَ اللَّهُ مَثَلًا رَجُلًا فِيهِ شُرَكاءُ مُتَشاكِسُونَ وَ رَجُلًا سَلَماً لِرَجُلٍ هَلْ يَسْتَوِيانِ مَثَلًا قَالَ أَمَّا الَّذِي فِيهِ شُرَكَاءُ مُتَشَاكِسُونَ فَلِأَنَّ الْأَوَّلَ يَجْمَعُ الْمُتَفَرِّقُونَ وَلَايَتَهُ وَ هُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ يَلْعَنُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً وَ يَبْرَأُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَأَمَّا رَجُلٌ سَلَمُ رَجُلٍ فَإِنَّهُ الْأَوَّلُ حَقّاً وَ شِيعَتُهُ
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Jameel Bin Salih, from Abu Khalid Al-Kabuly,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: Allah Strikes an example of a man regarding whom are (several) partners differing with one another, and a man wholly for one man. Are the two alike in example? [39:29], he-asws said: ‘But rather it is the one who has associates with regards to whom they doubt because he was the first one (Abu Bakr) who gathered them for his leadership, so they differed regarding it and some of them cursed each other for that, and some of them disavowed from each other. As for the whole man-asws, he-asws is the first one for the right, and his Shias’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ الْيَهُودَ تَفَرَّقُوا مِنْ بَعْدِ مُوسَى (عليه السلام) عَلَى إِحْدَى وَ سَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً مِنْهَا فِرْقَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ سَبْعُونَ فِرْقَةً فِي النَّارِ
Then he-asws said: ‘The Jews differed, from after Musa-as and separated into seventy-one sects, one of which will be in the Paradise and seventy sects would be in the Fire.
وَ تَفَرَّقَتِ النَّصَارَى بَعْدَ عِيسَى (عليه السلام) عَلَى اثْنَتَيْنِ وَ سَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً فِرْقَةٌ مِنْهَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ إِحْدَى وَ سَبْعُونَ فِي النَّارِ
And the Christians separated, from after Isa-as into seventy-two sects, one of which would be in the Paradise and seventy-one of the sects would be in the Fire.
وَ تَفَرَّقَتْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةُ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهَا (صلى الله عليه وآله) عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً اثْنَتَانِ وَ سَبْعُونَ فِرْقَةً فِي النَّارِ وَ فِرْقَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ
And this community will separate after its Prophet-saww into seventy-three sects. Seventy-two sects would be in the Fire and one sect would be in the Paradise.
وَ مِنَ الثَّلَاثِ وَ سَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ فِرْقَةً تَنْتَحِلُ وَلَايَتَنَا وَ مَوَدَّتَنَا اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ فِرْقَةً مِنْهَا فِي النَّارِ وَ فِرْقَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ سِتُّونَ فِرْقَةً مِنْ سَائِرِ النَّاسِ فِي النَّارِ
And from these seventy-three sects, thirteen would be of those who claim to be in our-asws Wilayah and show affection to us-asws. Twelve sects from these would be in the Fire and one sect would be in the Paradise. And sixty sects from the rest of the people (Muslims) would be in the Fire’.[74]
A man wholly for one man
ابن بابويه، قال: حدثنا أبو العباس محمد بن إبراهيم بن إسحاق الطالقاني (رحمه الله)، قال: حدثنا عبد العزيز بن يحيى الجلودي بالبصرة، قال: حدثني المغيرة بن محمد، قال: حدثنا رجاء بن سلمة، عن عمرو بن شمر، عن جابر الجعفي، عن أبي جعفر محمد بن علي (عليهما السلام)، عن أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)- في خطبة ذكر فيها أسماء له من القرآن- قال: «و أنا السلم لرسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، يقول الله عز و جل: وَ رَجُلًا سَلَماً لِرَجُلٍ
Ibn Babuwayh, from Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al-Talaqany, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya Al-Jaloudy at Al-Basra, from Mugheira Bin Muhammad, from Raja’a Bin Salmat, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir Al-Ju’fy,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, from Amir-al-Momineen-asws – in a sermon in which he-asws mentioned his-asws names in the Quran, said: ‘And I-asws am the man who wholly submitted to Rasool-Allah-saww, as Said by Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: and a man wholly for one man [39:29]’.[75]
وعنه، قال: حدثنا عبد العزيز بن يحيى، عن محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن سلام، عن أحمد بن عبد الله بن عيسى بن مصقلة القمي، عن بكير بن الفضل، عن أبي خالد الكابلي، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: سألته عن قول الله عز و جل: وَ رَجُلًا سَلَماً لِرَجُلٍ، قال: الرجل السالم لرجل علي (عليه السلام) و شيعته
And from him, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Rahman Bin Salaam, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah Bin Isa Bin Masqalat Al-Qummy, from Bakeyr Bin Al-Fazal, from Abu Khalid Al-Kalby,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: and a man wholly for one man [39:29], he-asws said: ‘The man wholly for one man’ is Ali-asws and his-asws Shias’.[76]
الحسن بن زيد، عن آبائه: و رجلا سالما لرجل، هذا مثلنا أهل البيت
Al-Hassan Bin Zayd,
‘From his forefathers-asws having said: ‘and a man wholly for one man [39:29], this is our-asws example, the People-asws of the Household’.[77]
حدثنا أحمد بن إدريس، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال، عن ابن بكير، عن حمران قال: سمعت أبا جعفر عليه السلام يقول في قول الله عزوجل (ضرب الله مثلا رجلا فيه شركاء متشاكسون ورجلا سلما – هو علي عليه السلام – لرجل) هو النبي صلى الله عليه وآله (وشركاء متشاكسون) [ أي ] مختلفون وأصحاب علي عليه السلام مجتمعون على ولايته
Ahmad Bin Idress narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazal, from Ibn Bakeyr, from Humran who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Allah Strikes an example of a man regarding whom are (several) partners differing with one another, and a man [39:29] – and he-asws is Ali-asws, for one man – and he-saww is the Prophet-saww. The partners are differing with each other whereas the companions of Ali-asws are united upon the his-asws Wilayah’’.[78]
ويؤيده: ما رواه الشيخ محمد بن يعقوب (رحمه الله)، عن محمد بن يحيى عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن جميل بن صالح، عن أبي خالد الكابلي، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: قوله عزوجل (ضرب الله مثلا رجلا فيه شركاء متشاكسون ورجلا سلما لرجل هل يستويان مثلا الحمد لله بل أكثرهم لا يعلمون)
And it is supported by what Al Sheykh Muhammad Bin Yaqoub reported, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Jameel Bin Salih, from Abu Khalid Al Kabily,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The Words of the Mighty and Majestic: Allah Strikes an example of a man regarding whom are (several) partners differing with one another, and a man wholly for one man. Are the two alike in example? The Praise is for Allah, but, most of them do not know [39:29].
أما الرجل الذي فيه شركاء متشاكسون فلان الاول يجمع المتفرقون ولايته وهم في ذلك يلعن بعضهم بعضا، ويتبرأ بعضهم من بعض
As for the man in whom there are partners differing with each other, is so and so, the first one. The separated ones gathered upon his wilayah, and they, during that, were cursing each other, and disavowing from each other.
وأما الرجل السالم لرجل فإنه أمير المؤمنين حقا وشيعته، أي كل رجل من شيعته سالم لرجل وهو علي عليه السلام بغير مشارك له في ولايته ومحبته وطاعته، وكذلك لذريته وعترته
And as for the man wholly for one man, so it is Amir Al-Momineen-asws truly and his-asws Shias – i.e., each man from his-asws Shias is wholly for one man, and he is Ali-asws, without associating (others) with him-asws with regards to his-asws Wilayah and his-asws love and being obedient to him-asws, and similar to that to his-asws offspring and his-asws family.[79]
VERSES 30 & 31
إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَإِنَّهُمْ مَيِّتُونَ {30}
You shall pass away and they would be dying (as well) [39:30]
ابن بابويه: بإسناده، قال: قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): «لما نزلت هذه الآية إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَ إِنَّهُمْ مَيِّتُونَ، قلت: يا رب أ يموت الخلائق كلهم و يبقى الأنبياء؟ فنزلت كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذائِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ ثُمَّ إِلَيْنا تُرْجَعُونَ
Ibn Babuwayh, by his chain, said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When this Verse was Revealed: You will die and they would be dying [39:30], I-saww said: ‘All of the creatures will be dying, as well as the Prophets-as?’ So it was Revealed: Every soul shall taste the death, then to Us, you will be returning [29:57]’.[80]
فضالة عن أبي المغرا قال: حدثني يعقوب الأحمر قال: دخلت على أبى عبد الله عليه السلام أعزيه بإسماعيل فترحم عليه ثم قال: إن الله عزى نبيه (صلى الله عليه وسلم بنفسه فقال: (انك ميت وانهم ميتون) وقال: (كل نفس ذائقة الموت)
Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Abu Al Magra’a who said, ‘Yaqoub Al Ahmad narrated to me saying,
‘I went over to Abu Abdullah-asws to condole him-asws for (the death of) Ismail. So he-asws invoked Mercy upon him, then said: ‘Allah-azwj Consoled His-azwj Prophet-saww Himself-azwj, so He-azwj Said: You shall pass away and they shall be dying [39:30]. And He-azwj Said: [3:185] Every self shall taste the death.
ثم انشاء يحدث فقال: انه يموت أهل الأرض حتى لا يبقى أحد ثم يموت أهل السماء حتى لا يبقى أحد الا ملك الموت وحملة العرش وجبرئيل وميكائيل
Then he-asws built on the discussion and he-asws said: ‘The inhabitants of the earth would be dying until there would not remain a single one. Then the inhabitants of the sky would be dying until there does not remain a single on, except for the Angel of death and the bearers of the Throne, and Jibraeel-as and Mikaeel-as.
ثم يجئ ملك الموت حتى يقف بين يدي الله عز وجل فيقال له: من بقي – وهو أعلم – فيقول: يا رب لم يبق الا ملك الموت وحملة العرش وجبرئيل وميكائيل فيقال: قل لجبرئيل وميكائيل: فليموتا فيقول الملائكة عند ذلك: يا رب رسولاك وأميناك فيقول: انى قد قضيت على كل نفس فيها الروح ان تموت
Then the Angel of death would come until he pauses in front of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. So He-azwj would Say to him: “Who remains?” – and He-azwj would be more Knowing. He would be saying: ‘O Lord-azwj! There does not remain except for the Angel of death, and the bearers of the Throne, and Jibraeel-as and Mikaeel-as’. He-azwj would Say: “Say to Jibraeel-as and Mikaeel-as, and let them both die!’ So the two Angels would be saying during that: ‘O Lord-azwj! We-as are both Your-azwj Messengers and Your-azwj trusted ones’. He-azwj would be Saying: “I-azwj Have Judged upon every self in which is the spirit that it would be dying!”
ثم يجيئ ملك الموت حتى يقف بين يدي الله عز وجل فيقال له: من بقي؟ – وهو اعلم – فيقول: يا رب لم يبق الا ملك الموت وحملة العرش فيقال له: قل لحملة العرش: فليموتوا
Then the Angel of death would be coming until he pauses in front of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. So He-azwj would be Saying to him: “Who remains?” – and He-azwj would be more Knowing. He would say, ’O Lord-azwj! There does not remain except for the Angel of death and the bearers of the Throne’. He-azwj would Say to him: “Say to the bearers of the Throne and they them be dying!”
ثم يجئ ملك الموت لا يرفع طرفه فيقال له: من بقي؟ فيقول: يا رب لم يبق غير ملك الموت فيقول له: مت يا ملك الموت فيموت ثم يأخذ الأرض بشماله والسماوات بيمينه فيهزهن هزا مرات ثم يقول: أين الذين كانوا يدعون معي شركاء؟ أين الذين كانوا يجعلون معي الها آخر؟
Then the Angel of death would come not raising his eyes. So He-azwj would be Saying to him: “Who remains?” He would say, ‘O Lord-azwj! There does not remain apart from the Angel of death’. He-azwj would say to him: “Die, O Angel of death!” So he would be dying. Then He-azwj would Seize the earth by His-azwj one Hand, and the skies by His-azwj other Hand, and He-azwj would Jolt it with one jolt, then He-azwj would be Saying: “Where are those who were being called upon Along with Me-azwj as associates? Where are those who were made to be as other gods along with Me-azwj?’[81]
ثُمَّ إِنَّكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عِنْدَ رَبِّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ {31}
Then, on the Day of Judgement you would be quarrelling in the Presence of your Lord [39:31]
قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ ع قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ هُوَ يُقَاتِلُ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَقاتِلُوا أَئِمَّةَ الْكُفْرِ إِنَّهُمْ لا أَيْمانَ لَهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَنْتَهُونَ الْآيَاتِ هُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ وَ رَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ
(Imam) Al-Baqir-asws said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said and he-asws was fighting Muawiya: then fight the imams of Kufr – surely their oaths (mean) nothing, perhaps they would desist [9:12] – the Verses. They are them, by the Lord-azwj of Kabah!’’
ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَئِمَّةُ الْكُفْرِ مُعَاوِيَةُ وَ عَمْرٌو
Ibn Masoud – The Prophet-saww said: ‘The imams of Kufr are Muawiya and Amro (Bin Al-Aas). [82]
Cursing of Umar by the tongue of Abu Bakr
قلت: تهذي؟ قال: (لا والله ما أهذي. لعن الله ابن صهاك. هو الذي صدني عن الذكر بعد إذ جاءني فبئس القرين، لعنه الله، الصق خدي بالأرض)، فألصقت خده بالأرض فما زال يدعو بالويل والثبور حتى غمضته
I said, ‘Are you delirious?’ he said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, I am not delirious. May Allah-azwj Curse Ibn Sahaak (Umar). He is the one who repelled me from the Remembrance (Al-Zikr) after it had come to me. So he is an evil companion, May Allah-azwj Curse him. Place my cheek on the ground’. So I place his cheek on the ground, and he did not cease to call for the woe and the destruction until he died.
ثم دخل علي عمر وقد غمضته، فقال: هل قال بعدي شيئا؟ فعرفته ما قال. فقال عمر: يرحم الله خليفة رسول الله، اكتمه فإن هذا هذيان، وأنتم أهل بيت معروف لكم في مرضكم الهذيان فقالت عائشة: صدقت وقالوا لي جميعا: لا يسمعن أحد منكم من هذا شيئا فيشمت به ابن أبي طالب وأهل بيته
Then Umar entered, and he had already died. He said, ‘Did he say anything else after me?’ So made it known to him what he had said. Umar said, ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on the Caliph of the Rasool Allah-saww. Conceal it, for this was due to delirium, and you are a people of the house whose members are well known to be suffering from the illness of being delirious’.
Ayesha said, ‘You speak the truth’, and all of them said to me, ‘Let no one hear anything from this, or else Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and the Ahl Al-Bayt will gloat over you.[83]
VERSE 32
فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ كَذَبَ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَكَذَّبَ بِالصِّدْقِ إِذْ جَاءَهُ ۚ أَلَيْسَ فِي جَهَنَّمَ مَثْوًى لِلْكَافِرِينَ {32}
So, who is more unjust than the one who lies upon Allah and belies the truth when it comes to him? Isn’t in Hell an abode for the Kafirs? [39:32]
ومن طريق المخالفين: عن ابن مردويه، بإسناد مرفوع إلى الإمام موسى بن جعفر (عليه السلام)، أنه قال: «الذي كذب بالصدق هو الذي رد قول رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) في علي (عليه السلام)
And from Tareeq Al-Mukhalifeen, from Ibn Mardawayh, by an unbroken chain going up to
Imam Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The one who: belies the truth [39:32] – is the one who rejects the words of Rasool-Allah-saww regarding Ali-asws’.[84]
الشيخ في (أماليه): عن علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام)، في قوله تعالى: فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ كَذَبَ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَ كَذَّبَ بِالصِّدْقِ إِذْ جاءَهُ، قال: «الصدق ولايتنا أهل البيت
Al-Sheykh in his Amaali,
(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: So who is more unjust that the one who lies upon Allah and belies the truth when it comes to him? [39:32], said: ‘The Truth is our-asws Wilayah, of the People-asws of the Household’.[85]
وعنه: عن حذيفة، عن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) في خبر: «أن الله تعالى فرض على الخلق خمسة، فأخذوا أربعة و تركوا واحدا» فسئل عن ذلك، قال: «الصلاة و الزكاة و الحج و الصوم
And from him, from Huzeyfa,
‘From the Prophet-saww in a Hadeeth having said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted has Obligated five (things) upon the creatures, but they (only) took to four and neglected one’. So he-saww was asked about that. He-saww said: ‘The Salat, and the Zakat, and the Hajj, and the Soam (Fasting)’.
قالوا: فما الواحد الذي تركوا؟ قال: «ولاية علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام)». قالوا: أ هي واجبة من الله تعالى؟ قال: «نعم، قال الله تعالى: فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِباً» الآيات
They said, ‘So what is the one which they neglect?’ He-saww said: ‘Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. They said, ‘Is this an obligation from Allah-azwj the Exalted?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes. Allah-azwj the Exalted: Says So who is more unjust that the one who lies upon Allah [39:32] – the Verse’.[86]
محمد بن يعقوب: عن علي بن محمد، عن بعض أصحابه، عن آدم بن إسحاق، عن عبد الرزاق ابن مهران، عن الحسين بن ميمون، عن محمد بن سالم، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال في قوله تعالى: وَ ما أَضَلَّنا إِلَّا الْمُجْرِمُونَ: «إذ دعونا إلى سبيلهم، ذلك قول الله عز و جل فيهم حين جمعهم إلى النار: قالَتْ أُخْراهُمْ لِأُولاهُمْ رَبَّنا هؤُلاءِ أَضَلُّونا فَآتِهِمْ عَذاباً ضِعْفاً مِنَ النَّارِ و قوله: كُلَّما دَخَلَتْ أُمَّةٌ لَعَنَتْ أُخْتَها حَتَّى إِذَا ادَّارَكُوا فِيها جَمِيعاً برىء بعضهم من بعض، و لعن بعضهم بعضا
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from one of our companions, from Adam Bin Is’haq, from Abdul Razzaq Ibn Mahran, from Al Husayn Bin Maymoun, from Muhammad Bin Saalim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said regarding the Words of the Exalted: And none but the guilty led us astray [26:99], said: ‘When they call us to their ways, that is in the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic with regards to them when He-azwj shall Gather them to the Fire: their last ones would say for their first ones, ‘Our Lord! They strayed us, so Given them a double Punishment from the Fire’ [7:38], and His-azwj Words: Every time a community enters, its sister (community) would curse it, until when they come across each other altogether in it [7:38], some of them would be disavowing the others, and some of them would be cursing the others’.[87]
VERSE 33
وَالَّذِي جَاءَ بِالصِّدْقِ وَصَدَّقَ بِهِ ۙ أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُتَّقُونَ {33}
And the one who came with the truth, and he ratified it, those, they are the pious [39:33]
محمد بن العباس، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن إدريس، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن إسماعيل بن همام، عن أبي الحسن (عليه السلام)، قال: قال أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام) في قول الله عز و جل: وَ الَّذِي جاءَ بِالصِّدْقِ وَ صَدَّقَ بِهِ، قال: «الذي جاء بالصدق: رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و صدق به: علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام)
Muhammad Bin Al-Abbas, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ismail Bin Hamam,
‘Abu Al-Hassan-asws has said: ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And the one who came with the truth, and he ratified it [39:33], said; ‘The one who came with the Truth is Rasool-Allah-saww, and the one who ratified it is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.[88]
ابن شهر آشوب: عن علماء أهل البيت، عن الباقر، و الصادق، و الكاظم، و الرضا، و زيد بن علي (عليهم السلام)، في قوله تعالى: وَ الَّذِي جاءَ بِالصِّدْقِ وَ صَدَّقَ بِهِ أُولئِكَ هُمُ الْمُتَّقُونَ، قالوا: «هو علي (عليه السلام)
Ibn Shehr Ashoub –
‘From the scholars of the People-asws of the Household, from Al-Baqir-asws, and Al-Sadiq-asws, and Al-Kazim-asws, and Al-Reza-asws, and Zayd son of Ali-asws, regarding the Words of the Exalted: And the one who came with the truth, and he ratified it [39:33], they-asws said: ‘He-asws is Ali-asws’.[89]
VERSES 34 – 36
لَهُمْ مَا يَشَاءُونَ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ جَزَاءُ الْمُحْسِنِينَ {34}
For them would be whatever they so desire in the Presence of their Lord. That is a Recompense of those who do favours (good doers) [39:34]
لِيُكَفِّرَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ أَسْوَأَ الَّذِي عَمِلُوا وَيَجْزِيَهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ بِأَحْسَنِ الَّذِي كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ {35}
In order for Allah to Remove from them the evil of that which they had done, and Give them their Recompense of the good deeds which they had done [39:35]
أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِكَافٍ عَبْدَهُ ۖ وَيُخَوِّفُونَكَ بِالَّذِينَ مِنْ دُونِهِ ۚ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُ مِنْ هَادٍ {36}
Isn’t Allah Sufficient for His servants? And they are frightening you by those from besides Him. And one whom Allah Lets to stray, so there would be no Guide for him [39:36]
علي بن إبراهيم: في قوله تعالى: أَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِكافٍ عَبْدَهُ وَ يُخَوِّفُونَكَ بِالَّذِينَ مِنْ دُونِهِ يعني يقولون لك: يا محمد اعفنا من علي، و يخوفونك أنهم يلحقون بالكفار
Ali Bin Ibrahim –
Regarding the Words of the Exalted: Isn’t Allah Sufficient for His servants? And they are frightening you by those from besides Him [39:36] – Meaning, they are saying to you-saww, ‘O Muhammad-saww! Excuse us from Ali-asws’. And they are frightening you-saww that they would join up with the Kafirs’.[90]
VERSES 37 & 38
وَمَنْ يَهْدِ اللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُ مِنْ مُضِلٍّ ۗ أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِعَزِيزٍ ذِي انْتِقَامٍ {37}
And one whom Allah Guides, so there would be no strayer for him. Isn’t Allah Mighty with the Retribution? [39:37]
وَلَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ ۚ قُلْ أَفَرَأَيْتُمْ مَا تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ إِنْ أَرَادَنِيَ اللَّهُ بِضُرٍّ هَلْ هُنَّ كَاشِفَاتُ ضُرِّهِ أَوْ أَرَادَنِي بِرَحْمَةٍ هَلْ هُنَّ مُمْسِكَاتُ رَحْمَتِهِ ۚ قُلْ حَسْبِيَ اللَّهُ ۖ عَلَيْهِ يَتَوَكَّلُ الْمُتَوَكِّلُونَ {38}
And if you were to ask them: ‘Who Created the skies and the earth?’ They would be saying, ‘Allah’. Say: ‘So have you considered, what you are supplicating to from besides Allah, that if Allah were to Intend harm, would these be able to Remove its harm? Or if He Intends to be Merciful to me, would these be able to withhold His Mercy?’ Say: ‘Allah Suffices me. Upon Him should the relying ones rely’ [39:38]
محمد بن يعقوب: عن علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن ابن أبي عمير، عن ابن أذينة، عن زرارة، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: «قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): كل مولود يولد على الفطرة، يعني المعرفة بأن الله عز و جل خالقه، كذلك قوله تعالى: وَ لَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Every birth is a birth upon the nature’ – meaning the recognition that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created him, and these are the Words of the Exalted: And if you were to ask them: ‘Who Created the skies and the earth?’ They would be saying, ‘Allah’ [39:38]’.[91]
Reliance upon Allah-azwj
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( صلوات الله عليه ) الْإِيمَانُ أَرْبَعَةُ أَرْكَانٍ الرِّضَا بِقَضَاءِ اللَّهِ وَ التَّوَكُّلُ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَ تَفْوِيضُ الْأَمْرِ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ التَّسْلِيمُ لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The Emān has four pillars – the pleasure with the Judgement of Allah-azwj, and the reliance upon Allah-azwj, and delegation of the matters to Allah-azwj, and the submission to the Command of Allah-azwj’.[92]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْحَلَّالِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ التَّوَكُّلُ عَلَى اللَّهِ دَرَجَاتٌ مِنْهَا أَنْ تَتَوَكَّلَ عَلَى اللَّهِ فِي أُمُورِكَ كُلِّهَا فَمَا فَعَلَ بِكَ كُنْتَ عَنْهُ رَاضِياً تَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَأْلُوكَ خَيْراً وَ فَضْلًا وَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ الْحُكْمَ فِي ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ بِتَفْوِيضِ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِ وَ ثِقْ بِهِ فِيهَا وَ فِي غَيْرِهَا
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from someone else, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Ahmad Bin Umar Al Hallal, from Ali Bin Suweyd,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st, having said: ‘The reliance upon Allah-azwj has levels – from it is that you rely upon Allah-azwj in your matters, all of them. So whatever He-azwj Does with you, you should be satisfied from Him-azwj. You should know that He-azwj would not Keep away any goodness and Grace from you; and know that the Decision regarding that is for Him-azwj. Therefore, rely upon Allah-azwj by delegating that to Him-azwj, and trust in Him-azwj regarding it, and in other such matters’.[93]
VERSES 39 – 42
قُلْ يَا قَوْمِ اعْمَلُوا عَلَىٰ مَكَانَتِكُمْ إِنِّي عَامِلٌ ۖ فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ {39}
(Allah-azwj is asking Rasool Allah-saww) Say: ‘O people! Work according to your ability; I am too working; so you will soon come to know [39:39]
مَنْ يَأْتِيهِ عَذَابٌ يُخْزِيهِ وَيَحِلُّ عَلَيْهِ عَذَابٌ مُقِيمٌ {40}
Whom the Punishment would be coming to, disgracing him, and whom the permanent Punishment would be resolved upon [39:40]
إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ لِلنَّاسِ بِالْحَقِّ ۖ فَمَنِ اهْتَدَىٰ فَلِنَفْسِهِ ۖ وَمَنْ ضَلَّ فَإِنَّمَا يَضِلُّ عَلَيْهَا ۖ وَمَا أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِوَكِيلٍ {41}
(Allah-azwj) We Revealed the Book unto you for the people, with the Truth. So, one who follows Guidance, it is for himself, and one who strays, so rather his straying is against him. And you (Rasool Allah-saww) are not a custodian upon them [39:41]
اللَّهُ يَتَوَفَّى الْأَنْفُسَ حِينَ مَوْتِهَا وَالَّتِي لَمْ تَمُتْ فِي مَنَامِهَا ۖ فَيُمْسِكُ الَّتِي قَضَىٰ عَلَيْهَا الْمَوْتَ وَيُرْسِلُ الْأُخْرَىٰ إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى ۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ {42}
Allah Takes away the souls when they die, and those who do not die in their sleep. So He Withholds those whom the death is Decreed upon, and He Sends back the others to a specified term. Surely, in that, there are Signs for a thinking people [39:42]
الطبرسي: روى العياشي بالإسناد، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن عمرو بن ثابت، عن أبيه، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: «ما من أحد ينام إلا عرجت نفسه إلى السماء، و بقيت روحه في بدنه، و صار بينهما سبب كشعاع الشمس!، فإن أذن الله في قبض الأرواح أجابت الروح النفس، و إذا أذن الله في رد الروح أجابت النفس الروح، و هو قوله سبحانه: اللَّهُ يَتَوَفَّى الْأَنْفُسَ حِينَ مَوْتِها الآية
Al-Tabarsy, from Al-Ayyashi, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Amro Bin Sabit, from his father,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘There is no one who sleeps except that this soul rises up to the sky, and his self remains in his body, and a link is established between them like the rays of the sun (with the sun). So, if Allah-azwj Permits the Capture of the souls, the soul responds to the self, and if Allah-azwj Permits the return of the soul, the self-responds to the soul, and these are the words of the Glorious: Allah Takes away the souls when they die [39:42] – the Verse.
فمهما رأت في ملكوت السماوات فهو مما له تأويل، و ما رأته بين السماء و الأرض فهو مما يخيله الشيطان و لا تأويل له
So, no matter what you see in the Kingdoms of the skies (as a dream), so it is from what there is an interpretation for it, and whatever is seen in between the sky and the earth, so it is from what the Satan-la has impressed upon him, and there is no interpretation for it’ (muddled up dreams).[94]
في ارشاد المفيد رحمه الله لما عرض على عبيد الله بن زياد لعنه الله على بن الحسين عليهما السلام قال له: من انت ؟ فقال: انا على بن الحسين، فقال: أليس قد قتل الله على بن الحسين ؟ فقال له على عليه السلام: قد كان لى اخ يسمى عليا قتله الناس، فقال ابن زياد لعنه الله: بل الله قتله، فقال على بن الحسين عليهما السلام: الله يتوفى الانفس حين موتها فغضب ابن زياد لعنه الله
In Irshad of Al-Mufeed –
‘When Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws was presented to Ubeydullah Bin Ziyad, may Allah-azwj Curse him, he said to him-asws, ‘Who are you-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘I-asws am Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws’. So he said, ‘Did not Allah-azwj Kill Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws?’ So Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said to him: ‘There was a brother-asws of mine-asws called Ali-asws whom the people killed’. So Ibn Ziyad, may Allah-azwj Curse him, said, ‘But it was Allah-azwj Who Killed him-asws’. So Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: Allah Takes away the souls when they die [39:42]’. So Ibn Ziyad, may Allah-azwj Curse him, got angered’.[95]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثني أبي، عن أبي هاشم داود بن القاسم الجعفري، عن أبي جعفر محمد بن علي بن موسى (عليهم السلام)، قال: «كان أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) في المسجد و عنده الحسن بن علي (عليهما السلام)، و أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) متكئ على يد سلمان
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, My father narrated to me, from Abu Hashim Dawood Bin Al Qasim Al Ja’fary,
‘From Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws was is the Masjid and in his-asws presence was Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws, and Amir Al-Momineen-asws was reclining upon the hand of Salman-ra.
فأقبل رجل حسن اللباس، فسلم على أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، فرد عليه مثل سلامه و جلس، فقال: يا أمير المؤمنين، أسألك عن ثلاث مسائل، إن أخبرتني بها علمت أن القوم ركبوا من أمرك ما ليس لهم، و خرجوا من دينهم، و صاروا بذلك غير مؤمنين في الدنيا، و لا خلاق لهم في الآخرة، و إن تكن الاخرى علمت أنك و هم شرع سواء
Then, a beautifully clothed man came, and he greeted upon Amir Al-Momineen-asws. So he-asws returned the like of his greeting, and he sat down. He said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! I ask you three questions, if you-asws were to inform me with it, I would know that the people are riding upon your-asws matter which isn’t for them, and they have exited from their Religion and have come to be, due to that, other than the Momineen in the world, nor would there be a share for them in the Hereafter. And if it happens to be other than that, I would know that you-asws and them are same in Law’.
فقال له أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام): سل عما بدا لك. فقال أخبرني عن الرجل إذا نام أين تذهب روحه. و عن الرجل كيف يذكر و ينسى، و عن الرجل يشبه ولده الأعمام و الأخوال؟
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to him: ‘Ask, whatever comes to you. He said, ‘Inform me about the man when he sleeps, where does his soul go? And about the man, how does he remember and forget? And about the man, his son resembles the paternal uncles of the maternal uncles?’
فالتفت أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) إلى الحسن (عليه السلام) فقال: يا أبا محمد أجبه
Amir Al-Momineen-asws turned towards Al-Hassan-asws, and he-asws said: ‘O Abu Muhammad-asws! Answer him’.
فقال: أما ما سألت عن الرجل إذا نام أين تذهب روحه؟ فإن الروح متعلقة بالريح، و الريح متعلقة بالهواء إلى وقت ما يتحرك صاحبها، فإن أذن الله بالرد عليه جذبت تلك الروح تلك الريح، و جذبت تلك الريح ذلك الهواء، فأسكنت الروح في بدن صاحبها، و إن لم يأذن الله برد تلك الروح على صاحبها جذب الهواء الريح، و جذبت الريح الروح، فلم ترد إلى صاحبها إلى وقت ما يبعث
He-asws said: As for what you asked, ‘About the man when he sleeps, where does his soul go to?’ So, the soul is attached with the wind, and wind is attached with the air up to the time its owner moves. Then, when Allah-azwj Permits with the returning to him, that soul pulls that wind, and that wind pulls that air. So the soul settles in the body of its owner. And if Allah-azwj does not Permit with the return of that soul to its owner, the air pulls the wind, and the wind pulls the soul, so it does not return to its owner up to the time when he would be Resurrected’’.[96]
VERSES 43 & 44
أَمِ اتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ شُفَعَاءَ ۚ قُلْ أَوَلَوْ كَانُوا لَا يَمْلِكُونَ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَعْقِلُونَ {43}
Or are they taking intercessors from besides Allah? Say: ‘Or even if they did not control anything nor do they understand?’ [39:43]
قُلْ لِلَّهِ الشَّفَاعَةُ جَمِيعًا ۖ لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۖ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ {44}
Say: ‘For Allah is the intercession altogether. For Him is the Kingdom of the skies and the earth, then to Him you will be returning’ [39:44]
Intercession of (Syeda) Fatima-asws
بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ زِيَادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْهَمَدَانِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الثَّقَفِيُّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ أُخَيَّةَ الْوَاقِدِيِّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو قَتَادَةَ الْحَرَّانِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْعَلَاءِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ:
By this chain, said, ‘It was narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Ja’far Bin Salma, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Al Saqafy, from Ibrahim Bin Musa Bin Akhayyat Al Waqidy, from Abu Qatada Al Harrany, from Abdul Rahman Bin Al A’ala al Hazramy, from Saeed Bin Al Musayyib, from Ibn Abbas who said,
إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ جَالِساً ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ وَ عِنْدَهُ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي وَ أَكْرَمُ النَّاسِ عَلَيَّ فَأَحْبِبْ مَنْ يُحِبُّهُمْ وَ أَبْغِضْ مَنْ يُبْغِضُهُمْ وَ وَالِ مَنْ وَالاهُمْ وَ عَادِ مَنْ عَادَاهُمْ وَ أَعِنْ مَنْ أَعَانَهُمْ وَ اجْعَلْهُمْ مُطَهَّرِينَ مِنْ كُلِّ رِجْسٍ مَعْصُومِينَ مِنْ كُلِّ ذَنْبٍ وَ أَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ مِنْكَ
‘One day Rasool-Allah-saww was seated, and in his-saww presence were Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. So he-saww said: ‘You-azwj Know that they-asws are the People-asws of my-saww Household, and the most prestigious of the people to me-saww, therefore Love the one who loves them-asws and Hate the one who hates them-asws, and Befriend the one who befriends them-asws and be Inimical to the one who is inimical to them-asws, and Assist the one who assists them-asws, and Make them-asws Purified from every uncleanness, infallible from every sin, and Aid them-asws with the Holy Spirit, from You-azwj’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ ص يَا عَلِيُّ أَنْتَ إِمَامُ أُمَّتِي وَ خَلِيفَتِي عَلَيْهَا بَعْدِي وَ أَنْتَ قَائِدُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى ابْنَتِي فَاطِمَةَ قَدْ أَقْبَلَتْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى نَجِيبٍ مِنْ نُورٍ عَنْ يَمِينِهَا سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ وَ عَنْ شِمَالِهَا سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ وَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ وَ خَلْفَهَا سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ تَقُودُ مُؤْمِنَاتِ أُمَّتِي إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ
Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws are the Imam-asws of my-saww community, and my-saww Caliph upon it after me-saww, and you-asws are the guide of the Momineen to the Paradise, and it is as if I-saww am looking at my-saww daughter-asws (Syeda) Fatima-asws having come on the Day of Judgment upon a carriage of light. On her-asws right being seventy thousand Angels and on her-asws left being seventy thousand Angels, and in front of her-asws being seventy thousand Angels, and behind her-asws being seventy thousand Angels, guiding the female believers of my-saww community to the Paradise.
فَأَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ صَلَّتْ فِي الْيَوْمِ وَ اللَّيْلَةِ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ وَ صَامَتْ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَ حَجَّتْ بَيْتَ اللَّهِ الْحَرَامِ وَ زَكَّتْ مَالَهَا وَ أَطَاعَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَ وَالَتْ عَلِيّاً بَعْدِي دَخَلَتِ الْجَنَّةَ بِشَفَاعَةِ ابْنَتِي فَاطِمَةَ وَ إِنَّهَا لَسَيِّدَةُ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ
Therefore, whichever woman prays five Salats during the day and the night, and Fasts the Month of Ramazan, and performs Hajj of the Sacred House of Allah-azwj, and gives Zakat of her wealth, and obeys her husband, and befriends Ali-asws after me-saww, would enter the Paradise by the intercession of my-saww daughter (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and she-asws is the chieftess of the women of the worlds’’.[97]
وَ بِالْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ الْخَزَّازُ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ السُّدِّيُّ عَنْ مَنْبَعِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ الْأَحْمَرِ
And by the chain, said, ‘Muhammad Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Jareer Al Tabari, from Abu Muhammad Al Hassan Bin Abdul Wahid Al Khazaz, from Ismail Bin Ali Al Sady, from Mani’e Bin Al Hajjaj, from Isa Bin Musa, from Ja’far Al Ahmar,
عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ تُقْبِلُ ابْنَتِي فَاطِمَةُ ع عَلَى نَاقَةٍ مِنْ نُوقِ الْجَنَّةِ مُدَبَّجَةَ الْجَنْبَيْنِ خِطَامُهَا مِنْ لُؤْلُؤٍ رَطْبٍ قَوَائِمُهَا مِنَ الزُّمُرُّدِ الْأَخْضَرِ ذَنَبُهَا مِنَ الْمِسْكِ الْأَذْفَرِ عَيْنَاهَا يَاقُوتَتَانِ حَمْرَاوَانِ عَلَيْهَا قُبَّةٌ مِنْ نُورٍ يُرَى ظَاهِرُهَا مِنْ بَاطِنِهَا وَ بَاطِنُهَا مِنْ ظَاهِرِهَا دَاخِلُهَا عَفْوُ اللَّهِ وَ خَارِجُهَا رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا تَاجٌ مِنْ نُورٍ لِلتَّاجِ سَبْعُونَ رُكْناً كُلُّ رُكْنٍ مُرَصَّعٌ بِالدُّرِّ وَ الْيَاقُوتِ يُضِيءُ كَالْكَوْكَبِ الدُّرِّيِّ فِي أُفُقِ السَّمَاءِ
From Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘I-asws heard Jabir Bin Abdullah Al-Ansary saying: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When it will be the Day of Judgment, my-saww daughter-asws (Syeda) Fatima-asws would come upon a she-camel from the she-camels of the Paradise with decorated reins, their seals being of white pearls, its legs being of green emeralds, its tail (perfumed) with Al-Azfar musk, its two eyes being of red rubies. Upon it would be a dome of light, such that its outside would be seen from its inside and its inside being seen from its outside. Its interior would be Forgiveness of Allah-azwj and its exterior would be Mercy of Allah-azwj. And upon her-asws head would be a crown of light. For the crown there would be seventy corners, each corner been embedded with the gemstones and rubies. It would illuminate just as the brilliant star in the horizon of the sky.
وَ عَنْ يَمِينِهَا سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ وَ عَنْ شِمَالِهَا سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ وَ جَبْرَئِيلُ آخِذٌ بِخِطَامِ النَّاقَةِ يُنَادِي بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ غُضُّوا أَبْصَارَكُمْ حَتَّى تَجُوزَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ فَلَا يَبْقَى يَوْمَئِذٍ نَبِيٌّ مُرْسَلٌ وَ لَا رَسُولٌ وَ لَا صِدِّيقٌ وَ لَا شَهِيدٌ إِلَّا غَضُّوا أَبْصَارَهُمْ حَتَّى تَجُوزَ فَاطِمَةُ
And on her-asws right would be seventy thousand Angels, and one her-asws left would be seventy thousand Angels, and Jibraeel-as would be holding the rein of the she-camel and he-as would call out in a high voice of his-as: ‘Close your eyes until (Syeda) Fatima-asws moves over!’
فَتَسِيرُ حَتَّى تُحَاذِي عَرْشَ رَبِّهَا جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ وَ تَرُوحُ بِنَفْسِهَا عَنْ نَاقَتِهَا وَ تَقُولُ إِلَهِي وَ سَيِّدِي احْكُمْ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ مَنْ ظَلَمَنِي اللَّهُمَّ احْكُمْ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ مَنْ قَتَلَ وُلْدِي
Syeda-asws would travel until she-asws is parallel to the Throne of her-asws Lord-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, and she-asws would go by herself-asws from her-asws she-camel and she-asws would be saying: ‘My-asws God-azwj, and my-asws Master-azwj! Judge between me-asws and the ones who oppressed me-asws! O Allah-azwj! Judge between me-asws and the ones who murdered my-asws children-asws!’
فَإِذَا النِّدَاءُ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ يَا حَبِيبَتِي وَ ابْنَةَ حَبِيبِي سَلِينِي تُعْطَى وَ اشْفَعِي تُشَفَّعِي وَ عِزَّتِي وَ جَلَالِي لَا أجازي [جَازَنِي] ظُلْمُ ظَالِمٍ
There would be a Call from Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty: “O My-azwj Beloved and daughter-asws of My-azwj Beloved! Ask Me-azwj, I-azwj will Grant it, and (for) My-azwj Intercession, you-asws can intercede. By My-azwj Mighty and My-azwj Majesty! I-azwj will not Allow the oppression of the oppressor”.
فَتَقُولُ إِلَهِي وَ سَيِّدِي ذُرِّيَّتِي وَ شِيعَتِي وَ شِيعَةَ ذُرِّيَّتِي وَ مُحِبِّي وَ مُحِبَّ ذُرِّيَّتِي
So, she-asws would be saying: ‘My-asws God-azwj and my-asws Master-azwj! My-asws offspring, and my-asws Shias, and the Shias of my-asws offspring, and the ones who loved my-asws offspring’.
فَإِذَا النِّدَاءُ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ أَيْنَ ذُرِّيَّةُ فَاطِمَةَ وَ شِيعَتُهَا وَ مُحِبُّوهَا وَ مُحِبُّو ذُرِّيَّتِهَا؟ فَيَقُومُونَ وَ قَدْ أَحَاطَ بِهِمْ مَلَائِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ فَتُقَدِّمُهُمْ فَاطِمَةُ حَتَّى تُدْخِلَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ
So, there would be a Call from Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty: “Where are the children of (Syeda) Fatima-asws and her-asws Shias, and those that adore her-asws and the ones who love her-asws children?” So, they would be standing, and the Angels of Mercy would have encircled by them. Thus, (Syeda) Fatima-asws would be preceding them until she-asws causes them to enter the Paradise’.[98]
Intercession of the Imams-asws
أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْخُ الْفَقِيهُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الطُّوسِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ بِقِرَاءَتِي عَلَيْهِ بِمَشْهَدِ مَوْلَانَا أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ وَ خَمْسِمِائَةٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا السَّعِيدُ الْوَالِدُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الطُّوسِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي الشَّيْخُ الْمُفِيدُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْجِعَابِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ مُوسَى بْنُ يُوسُفَ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ الْكُوفِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بَدِيعٍ الْخَرَّازُ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ الْأَشْقَرُ عَنْ قَيْسٍ عَنْ لَيْثٍ عَنْ أَبِي لَيْلَى
It was informed to us by the Sheykh, the jurist Abu Ali Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Toosy, by my reading upon it at the location of our Master-asws Amir Al Momineen Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws in the year five hundred and eleven, from Al Saeed Al Walid Abu Ja’far Al Toosy, from Al Sheykh Al Mufeed Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Numan, from Abu Bakr Muhammad Bin Umar Al Jiany, from Abu Al Abbas Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed, from Abu Awana Musa Bin Yusuf Bin Rashid Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman Bin Badi’e Al Khazzaz, from Al Husayn Al Ashqar, from Qays, from Lays, from Abu Layli,
عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: الْزَمُوا مَوَدَّتَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَ هُوَ يَوَدُّنَا دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ بِشَفَاعَتِنَا وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يَنْفَعُ عَبْداً عَمَلُهُ إِلَّا بِمَعْرِفَةِ حَقِّنَا
From Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Necessitate our-asws cordiality, of the People-asws of the Household, for the one who meets Allah-azwj and he-asws is cordial to us-asws would enter the Paradise by our-asws intercession. By the One-azwj in Whose Hand is my-saww soul, a deed would not benefit a servant except by recognition of our-asws rights’.[99]
Intercession of Abu Talib-asws
قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ
He said, ‘It was narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar,
عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: كَانَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ جَالِساً بِالرَّحَبَةِ وَ النَّاسُ حَوْلَهُ مُجْتَمِعُونَ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّكَ بِالْمَكَانِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَكَ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَ أَبُوكَ يُعَذَّبُ بِالنَّارِ
From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘It was so that one day he-asws was seated at Al-Rahba, and the people were gathered around him-asws, and a man stood up to him-asws and he said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! You are at the position which Allah-azwj has Positioned you-asws with, and your-asws father-asws would be Punished by the Fire?’
فَقَالَ مَهْ فَضَّ اللَّهُ فَاكَ وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً لَوْ شَفَعَ أَبِي فِي كُلِّ مُذْنِبٍ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ لَشَفَّعَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِمْ أَبِي يُعَذَّبُ بِالنَّارِ وَ ابْنُهُ قَسِيمُ النَّارِ؟
So he-asws said: ‘Muh! May Allah-azwj Break your mouth! By the One-azwj Whom Sent Muhammad-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! If my-asws father-asws was to intercede regarding every sinner upon the face of the earth, Allah-azwj the Exalted would Accept his-asws intercession regarding them. Would my-asws father-asws be Punished by the Fire and his-asws son-asws is the distributor of the Fire?’
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً بِالْحَقِّ إِنَّ نُورَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَيُطْفِئُ نُورَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ نُورِي وَ نُورَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ نُورَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ مَنْ وَلَدَهُ مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ لِأَنَّ نُورَهُ مِنْ نُورِنَا الَّذِي خَلَقَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ خَلْقِ آدَمَ بِأَلْفَيْ عَامٍ
Then he-asws said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent Muhammad-saww with the Truth! The Light of Abu Talib-asws on the Day of Judgment, would extinguish (supersede) the Light of Muhammad-saww, and my-asws Light, and the Light of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and the Light of Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws and of the ones from his-asws sons from the Imams-asws, because his-asws Light is from our-asws Light which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created from before the creation of Adam-as, by two thousand years’’.[100]
Intercession for the Momineen
وروى البرقي، عن ابن سيف، عن أخيه، عن أبيه، عن عبد الكريم بن عمرو، عن سليمان بن خالد قال: كنا عند أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام): قال: «و الله لنشفعن- ثلاثا- و لتشفعن شيعتنا- ثلاثا- حتى يقول عدونا: فَما لَنا مِنْ شافِعِينَ وَ لا صَدِيقٍ حَمِيمٍ
And Al-Barqy has reported, from Ibn Sayf, from his brother, from his father, from Abdul Kareem Bin Amro, from Sulayman Bin Khalid who said,
‘We were in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws, and he-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj, we-asws would be interceding (three times) – and you (Shias) would be interceding’ (saying it three times) – until our-asws enemies would be saying, ‘There is no intercede for us nor an intimate friend’.[101]
فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ أَضَافَ هَذِهِ الرَّحْمَةَ [الْوَاحِدَةَ] إِلَى تِسْعٍ وَ تِسْعِينَ رَحْمَةً فَيَرْحَمُ بِهَا أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ ص، ثُمَّ يُشَفِّعُهُمْ فِيمَنْ يُحِبُّونَ لَهُ الشَّفَاعَةَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمِلَّةِ حَتَّى أَنَّ الْوَاحِدَ لَيَجِيءُ إِلَى مُؤْمِنٍ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ، فَيَقُولُ: اشْفَعْ لِي
(Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws said): ‘So when it will be the Day of Judgement, He-azwj will Increase this One Mercy to the other ninety-nine parts and be Merciful by it upon the community of Muhammad-saww and will Accept the intercession for those that they love to intercede with to the extent that one will come to a Momin from the Shias and will be saying, ‘Intercede for me’.
فَيَقُولُ: وَ أَيُّ حَقٍّ لَكَ عَلَيَّ فَيَقُولُ: سَقَيْتُكَ يَوْماً مَاءً. فَيَذْكُرُ ذَلِكَ، فَيَشْفَعُ لَهُ، فَيُشَفَّعُ فِيهِ، وَ يَجِيئُهُ آخَرُ- فَيَقُولُ: إِنَّ لِي عَلَيْكَ حَقّاً، فَاشْفَعْ لِي. فَيَقُولُ: وَ مَا حَقُّكَ عَلَيَّ فَيَقُولُ: اسْتَظْلَلْتَ بِظِلِّ جِدَارِي سَاعَةً فِي يَوْمٍ حَارٍّ. فَيَشْفَعُ لَهُ، فَيُشَفَّعُ فِيهِ، وَ لَا يَزَالُ يَشْفَعُ حَتَّى يُشَفَّعَ فِي جِيرَانِهِ وَ خُلَطَائِهِ وَ مَعَارِفِهِ، فَإِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ أَكْرَمُ عَلَى اللَّهِ مِمَّا تَظُنُّونَ
So, he will say, ‘What right do you have over me?’ He will say: ‘I quenched your thirst with water one day.’ So he will remember that and intercede for him. Another one will come and say, ‘I have a right over you, so intercede for me’. He will say, ‘And what is your right over me?’ He will say: ‘You rested for a while under the shadow of my wall for a while on a hot day.’ He will intercede for him for that. This intercession will not cease until it covers his neighbours and familiar people, for the Momin is more prestigious in the Presence of Allah-azwj than what you can imagine.’[102]
There will be no intercession for the Kafirs & the Nasibis
وَ بِهِ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَهْلٍ سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ رُمْحَةَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ حَدَّثَنَا عِمْرَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ الْبَاهِلِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْهَاشِمِيُّ وَ كَانَ يَسْكُنُ إِرْمِينِيَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي وادن عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ
And by him, said, ‘It was informed to us by Abu Sahl Saeed Bin Abu Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Ruhmat, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Rashid, from Imran Bin Abdul Raheem Al Bahily, from Is’haq Bin Bishr, from Yaqoub Bin Musa Al Hashimy, and he had settled in Armenia, from Ibn Abu Wadin, from Ismail Bin Amayya, from Ikrama, from Ibn Abbas,
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَحْيَا مَحْيَايَ وَ يَمُوتَ مَمَاتِي وَ يَسْكُنَ جَنَّةَ عَدْنٍ فَلْيَتَوَالَ عَلِيّاً مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ لْيَقْتَدِ بِأَهْلِ بَيْتِي فَإِنَّهُمْ عِتْرَتِي خُلِقُوا مِنْ طِينَتِي وَ رُزِقُوا فَهْمِي وَ عِلْمِي فَوَيْلٌ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ بِفَضْلِهِمْ مِنْ أُمَّتِي الْقَاطِعِينَ مِنْهُمْ صِلَتِي لَا أَنَالَهُمُ اللَّهُ شَفَاعَتِي
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one whom it joys that he lives my-saww life and dies my-saww passing away, and settles in the Garden of Eden, so let him befriend Ali-asws from after me-saww, and let him be guided by the People-asws of my-saww Household, for they-asws are my-saww family, having been Created from my-saww clay and have been Graced my-saww understanding and my-saww knowledge. So woe be unto the beliers from my-saww community of their-asws merits, the ones from them cutting off my-saww relationship. Allah-azwj will not let them attain my-saww intercession’.[103]
أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْخُ الْأَمِينُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ شَهْرِيَارَ الْخَازِنُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فِي شَوَّالٍ مِنْ شُهُورِ سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ وَ خَمْسِمِائَةٍ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ بِمَشْهَدِ مَوْلَانَا أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْخُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِابْنِ الْبُرْسِيِّ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّرِيفُ الزَّاهِدُ أَبُو هَاشِمٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْكَاظِمِ ع قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ بِالْكُوفَةِ فِي جَامِعِهَا يَوْمَ الْإِثْنَيْنِ لِأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ وَ ثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ النَّحْوِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ طَيِّبٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ
It was informed to us by the trustworthy Sheykh Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Shahriyar Al Khazin, during Shawwal from the months of the year five hundred and twelve, reading upon it at the location of our Master-asws Amir Al Momineen Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, well known as Ibn Al Bursy, from the noble, the ascetiv Abu Hashim Muhammad Bin Hamza Bin Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Muhammad son of Musa Al-Kazim-asws, from Abu Abdullah Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Musa Bin Babuwayh at Al Kufa during the second day of his gathering on the fourteenth night of Zilhijjaj of the year three hundred and seventy eight, from Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Al Nahwy, from Abu Al Qasim Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Al Ashary, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Tayyib, from Ja’far Bin Khalid, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Huzeyfa Bin Mansour who said,
كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِذْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ لِي أَخاً لَا يُوَلِّي مِنْ مَحَبَّتِكُمْ وَ إِجْلَالِكُمْ وَ تَعْظِيمِكُمْ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ إِنَّهُ لَعَظِيمٌ أَنْ يَكُونَ مُحِبُّنَا بِهَذِهِ الْحَالَةِ وَ لَكِنْ أَ لَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِشَرٍّ مِنْ هَذَا النَّاصِبُ لَنَا شَرٌّ مِنْهُ
‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws when a man came over to him-asws and he said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! There is a brother of mine who is close to your-asws love and your-asws majesty and your-asws reverence, apart from that, he drinks the wine’. So Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘It is grievous (matter) that one who loves us-asws would be in this state! But, shall I-asws inform you with one more evil than this? (It is) the Nasibi (Hostile one) to us-asws is eviler than him.
وَ إِنَّ أَدْنَى الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ لَيْسَ فِيهِمْ دَنِيٌّ لَيَشْفَعُ فِي مِائَتَيْ إِنْسَانٍ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَ الْأَرَضِينَ السَّبْعِ وَ الْبِحَارِ السَّبْعِ تَشَفَّعُوا فِي نَاصِبِي مَا شُفِّعُوا فِيهِ إِلَّا أَنَّ هَذَا لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يَتُوبَ أَوْ يَبْتَلِيَهُ اللَّهُ بِبَلَاءٍ فِي جَسَدِهِ فَيَكُونُ تَحْبِيطاً لِخَطَايَاهُ حَتَّى يَلْقَى اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَا ذَنْبَ عَلَيْهِ إِنَّ شِيعَتَنَا عَلَى السَّبِيلِ الْأَقْوَمِ
And the lowest of the Momin, and there isn’t a low one among them, he would intercede regarding two hundred human beings, and if (all) the inhabitants of the seven skies and the seven earths, and the seven seas were to seek intercession regarding a Nasibi (Hostile one), He-azwj would not Intercede regarding him. This one would not exit from the world until he repents or Allah-azwj Afflicts him with an affliction in his body, so it would happen to be a compensation of his mistakes, until he would meet Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and there would be no sin upon him. Our-asws Shias are upon the most correct of ways’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ أَبِي كَانَ كَثِيراً مَا يَقُولُ أَحْبِبْ حَبِيبَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَ موقفا زبالا [مُرَهَّقاً ذَيَّالًا] وَ أَبْغِضْ بَغِيضَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَ صَوَّاماً قَوَّاماً
Then he-asws said: ‘My-asws father-asws was frequently saying: ‘I-asws love the one who loves the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww and even if his attitude was rubbish (annoying, troublesome) and I-asws hate the one who hates the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and even if he was Fasting and standing (for Salat)’.[104]
و عنه: عن عثمان بن عيسى، عن ابن مسكان، عن أبي بصير، قال: سمعت أبا جعفر (عليه السلام) يقول: «إن قوما يحرقون بالنار حتى إذا صاروا حمما أدركتهم الشفاعة- قال- فينطلق بهم إلى نهر يخرج من رشح أهل الجنة فيغتسلون فيه، فتنبت لحومهم و دماؤهم، و يذهب عنهم قشف النار، و يدخلون الجنة، فيسمون الجهنميين فينادون بأجمعهم: اللهم أذهب عنا هذا الاسم- قال- فيذهب عنهم
And from him, from Usman Bin Isa, from Ibn Muskaan, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘There would be a people who would have been incinerated by the Fire until an intimate one would avail them of the intercession. So they would be going with them to a river coming out from the seepage of the people of the Paradise, So they would be bathing in it, and there would grow their flesh and their blood, and their changes which had occurred due to the Fire would go away from them. And they would be entering the Paradise, so they would be called ‘The Hell-dwellers’ (الجهنميين), so they would be calling out, all of them, ‘Our Allah-azwj! Take away from us, this name’. He-asws said: ‘So He-azwj would be Taking it out from them’.
ثم قال: «يا أبا بصير، إن أعداء علي هم الخالدون في النار لا تدركهم الشفاعة
Then he-asws said: ‘O Abu Baseer! It is about the enemies of Ali-asws who would be eternally in the Fire, the intercession not be availing them’.[105]
[1] تفسير القمي، ج2، ص: 245
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 27, The book of Imamate, P 6 Ch 4 H 111
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 23, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 21 H 20
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 8, The book of Justice, S 3, Ch 23 H 98
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 8, The book of Justice, S 3, Ch 21 H 42
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 23, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 21 H 39
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 25, The book of Imamate, P 3 Ch 10 H 10
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 8, The book of Justice, S 3, Ch 21 H 72
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 22, The book of our Prophet-saww, P 5 Ch 2 H 9
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 25, The book of Imamate, P 3 Ch 3 H 6
[11] بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)، ج9، ص: 233
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 17, The book of our Prophet-saww, Ch 15 H 9
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 27, The book of Imamate, P 6 Ch 10 H 52
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 8, The book of Justice, S 3, Ch 23 H 25
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 23, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 21 H 22
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 23, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 21 H 69
[17] ثواب الأعمال: 112.
[18] (خواص القرآن)
[19] Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 39 H 2
[20] قرب الإسناد: 41
[21] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج4، ص: 476 – H 3
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 8, The book of Justice, S 3, Ch 21 H 51
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 8, The book of Justice, S 3, Ch 21 H 31
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 8, The book of Justice, S 3, Ch 21 H 16
[25] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج4، ص: 476 – H 5
[26] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Tawheed (Oneness of Allahazwj) CH 19 H 5
[27] الكافي 1: 101/ 1.
[28] Al Kafi – H 14650
[29] تفسير القمّي 2: 356.
[30] Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zaahira – H 2
[31] روضة الواعظين: 89. (Extract)
[32] بحار الأنوار (ط – بيروت)، ج37، ص: 205
[33] Al Kafi – H 14875
[34] الاحتجاج: 250.
[35] مجمع البيان 8: 766.
[36] المحاسن: 149/ 65
[37] عيون أخبار الرّضا (عليه السّلام) 1: 273/ 5
[38] التوحيد: 506/ 5، الخصال: 603/ 9
[39] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Tawheed (Oneness of Allahazwj) CH 30 H 8
[40] Al Kafi – H 14694
[41] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 21 H 1
[42] المحاسن: 169/ 135
[43] Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 39 H 19
[44]الكافي 1: 10/ 11.
[45] مناقب ابن شهر آشوب 2: 124
[46] Tafseer Imam Hassan Al Askariasws – S 238
[47] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book Of Salāt CH 84 H 11 (Extract)
[48] يريد بن عثمان بن عفان، و أروى امّه – The intended is – son of Usman Bin Affan, as Arwa was his mother.
[49] فضائل الشيعة: 76/ 43
[50] Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn– CH 55 H 42
[51] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 36 H 4
[52] أمالي الطوسي 1: 25.
[53] مجمع البيان 8: 767.
[54] علل الشرائع: 1/ 1.
[55] علل الشرائع: 470/ 33
[56] تفسير القمّي 2: 248.
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 43, The book of History – Fatima Al-Zahra-asws, Ch 7 H 8 a
[58] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج4، ص: 482 – H 31
[59] الكافي 8: 295/ 452
[60] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Intellect and Ignorance CH 1 H 1
[61] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 95 H 8
[62] Basaair Al Darajaat – P 10 CH 20 H 20
[63] Basaair Al Darajaat – P 10 CH 20 H 4
[64] الكافي 2: 27/ 1.
[65] الكافي 8: 97/ 69
[66] تفسير القمّي 2: 248.
[67] المناقب 3: 80.
[68] الكافي 2: 360/ 7.
[69] تفسير القمّي 2: 239
[70] الكافي 2: 451/ 1.
[71] Basaair Al Darajaat – P 1 CH 12 H 16
[72] Al Kafi – H 351
[73] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 2, The book of our Prophet-saww, Ch 11 H 80
[74] الكافي 8: 224/ 283
[75] معاني الأخبار: 60/ 9.
[76] تأويل الآيات 2: 515/ 12.
[77] المناقب 3: 104.
[78] Taweel Al Ayaat – H 11
[79] Taweel Al Ayaat – H 13
[80] عيون أخبار الرّضا (عليه السّلام) 2: 32/ 51
[81] Kitab Al Zohad – Ch 14 H 216
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 32, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 12 H 472 d
[83] Kitab Sulaym Ibn Qais Hilali, H. 37.
[84] كشف الغمة 1: 317، عن ابن مردويه
[85] أمالي الطوسي 1: 374.
[86] المناقب 3: 199.
[87] الكافي 2: 26/ 1 (Extract)
[88] تأويل الآيات 2: 517/ 18
[89] المناقب 3: 92.
[90] تفسير القمّي 2: 249
[91] الكافي 2: 10/ 4.
[92] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 30 H 5
[93] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 33 H 5 – (Extract)
[94] مجمع البيان 8: 781.
[95] Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 39 H 54
[96] تفسير القمّي 2: 249 (Extract)
[97] Bashaarat Al Mustafasaww Li Shia Al Murtazaasws – P 4 H 89 (Extract)
[98] Bashaarat Al Mustafasaww Li Shia Al Murtazaasws – P 1 H 31
[99] Bashaarat Al Mustafasaww Li Shia Al Murtazaasws – P 2 H 120
[100] Bashaarat Al Mustafasaww Li Shia Al Murtazaasws – P 6 H 19
[101] تأويل الآيات 1: 1: 390/ 11.
[102] Tafseer Imam Hassan Al Askariasws – S 13 (Extract)
[103] Bashaarat Al Mustafasaww Li Shia Al Murtazaasws – P 4 H 25
[104] Bashaarat Al Mustafasaww Li Shia Al Murtazaasws – P 2 H 3
[105] كتاب الزهد: 96/ 2