Summary:
Allah-azwj has Created Human and Jinn to worship Him-azwj.[1] All acts of worship require cleanliness, as well as the recognitions of permissible(s) and forbidden – one would be held responsible for one’s acts upon coming to the age of ‘puberty’! Generally, for boys the puberty age is 15 years whereas for girls it is 9 years (see Ahadith in Appendix I).
A short article, is compiled based on Ahadith (traditions of Rasool-Allah-saww and his pure progeny-asws) with the aim of assisting parents/guardian to explain and prepare their children approaching the age of puberty – an age at which they will be held responsible for their deeds. Parents may also like to teach children from an Ahadith based curriculum for ages 7 to 15 years : (http://www.schoolofwilayat.com/).
Prior to reaching adolescence, the deeds of the children are written for their parents until they grow up, as in the following Hadith:
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ إِنَّ أَوْلَادَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَوْسُومُونَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ شَافِعٌ وَ مُشَفَّعٌ فَإِذَا بَلَغُوا اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً كَانَتْ لَهُمُ الْحَسَنَاتُ فَإِذَا بَلَغُوا الْحُلُمَ كُتِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّيِّئَاتُ.
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Talha Bin Zayd,
Abu Abdullah-asws says: ‘The children of the Muslim are named ones in the Presence of Allah-azwj as intercessors and interceded ones (as their good deeds carried out in innocent age are written for their parents). However, when they reach twelve years of age, the good deeds are written for them. But when they reach the puberty, (then) the evil deeds are Written against them’.[2]
Let’s first remind ourselves the foundations of Islam:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ بُنِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ الْحَجِّ وَ الصَّوْمِ وَ الْوَلَايَةِ قَالَ زُرَارَةُ فَقُلْتُ وَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَفْضَلُ فَقَالَ الْوَلَايَةُ أَفْضَلُ لِأَنَّهَا مِفْتَاحُهُنَّ وَ الْوَالِي هُوَ الدَّلِيلُ عَلَيْهِنَّ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and Abdullah Bin Al Salt, altogether from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz Bin Abdullah, from Zurara, from,
(Imam) Abu Ja’far-asws (5th Imam) has said: ‘The foundation of Al-Islām is upon five things (pillars) – upon the Salāt, and the Zakāt, and the Hajj, and the Soām (Fasts), and the Wilayah’.
Zurara (the narrator) said, ‘So I said, ‘And which from that is superior?’ So he-asws said: ‘The Wilayah is superior because it is their key (soul), and the ‘الْوَالِي’ (the Guardian-asws) is ‘الدَّلِيلُ’ (the Proof) upon these (four)’.[3]
Children may be introduced to Salat and Soam (Fasting) prior to reaching the age of adolescence (puberty).
عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ( عليهما السلام ) قَالَ إِنَّا نَأْمُرُ صِبْيَانَنَا بِالصَّلَاةِ إِذَا كَانُوا بَنِي خَمْسِ سِنِينَ فَمُرُوا صِبْيَانَكُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ إِذَا كَانُوا بَنِي سَبْعِ سِنِينَ وَ نَحْنُ نَأْمُرُ صِبْيَانَنَا بِالصَّوْمِ إِذَا كَانُوا بَنِي سَبْعِ سِنِينَ بِمَا أَطَاقُوا مِنْ صِيَامِ الْيَوْمِ إِنْ كَانَ إِلَى نِصْفِ النَّهَارِ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَوْ أَقَلَّ فَإِذَا غَلَبَهُمُ الْعَطَشُ وَ الْغَرَثُ أَفْطَرُوا حَتَّى يَتَعَوَّدُوا الصَّوْمَ وَ يُطِيقُوهُ فَمُرُوا صِبْيَانَكُمْ إِذَا كَانُوا بَنِي تِسْعِ سِنِينَ بِالصَّوْمِ مَا اسْتَطَاعُوا مِنْ صِيَامِ الْيَوْمِ فَإِذَا غَلَبَهُمُ الْعَطَشُ أَفْطَرُوا .
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn AI-HaIabiy who has said:
‘Abu ‘Abdullah-asws has said: ‘We instruct our children to perform Salat when they are five years old. Instruct your children to perform Salat when they are seven years old. We instruct our children to fast when they are seven years old if they can endure fasting even up to midday, or more than this or less. When thirst and hunger bother them, they discontinue the fast. This is to familiarise them with fasting and to build their endurance to fast. So, instruct your children to fast when they are nine years old and for as much of the day they can fast. When thirst bothers them, then you should allow them to discontinue their fast.’ [4]
Therefore, children’s religious training starts earlier, as Zakat and Hajj will only become mandatory when they start earning and have enough savings.
Also children should be taught Holy Quran, i.e., when reaching the age of seven, and etiquettes and Ahadith, (see Ahadith in Appendix II):
During the religious training time, children learn how to clean and washing themselves and perform Wuzu (Ablution), however at reaching adolescence (puberty) they will start experiencing, what adults face, from getting Najis (unclean) both boys and girls. That may be from the ‘wet dreams’ and some days of uncleanliness for young girls every month, the former is called the state of ‘Al-junub’ and the latter is called the ‘Haydh’.
It is the responsibility of the parents to teach young-ones that it’s something natural and it will become a ‘norm’ for them in their adulthood. All they have to do is to calm down and start acquiring religious knowledge to deal with this as well as some other issues they will face in their adulthood.
Prior to reaching the adolescence, a child should not share bed with parents, as this could have been the case, in some families for their infants. For example.
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَ الْغِلْمَانِ وَ النِّسَاءِ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ إِذَا بَلَغُوا عَشْرَ سِنِينَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, form his father and a number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Ashary, from Ibn Al Qaddah, from:
Abu Abdullah-asws says: ‘Make separation to be between the boys and the women in the beds when they reach 10 (ten) years’.[5]
Also:
رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْخَزَّازُ عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ص مُبَاشَرَةُ الْمَرْأَةِ ابْنَتَهَا إِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتَّ سِنِينَ شُعْبَةٌ مِنَ الزِّنَا
It is narrated from Mohammed Ibn Yahiya Al-Khazair, who from Gheyas Ibn Ibrahim, from Jafar Ibn Mohammed who from his father says:
Imam Ali-asws said: A mother should stop sleeping with her daughter when she becomes 6 (six) years’ old; otherwise it will be a kind of immorality.[6]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَ الصِّبْيَانِ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ لِسِتِّ سِنِينَ
Boys should not sleep on the same bed upon reaching the age of 6 (six).[7]
Introduction:
Parents may start reciting with children before they are able to read or write, so they memorise Holy Names and short Holy Verses, for example:
وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِذَا بَلَغَ الْغُلَامُ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ يُقَالُ لَهُ قُلْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ يُتْرَكُ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ لَهُ ثَلَاثُ سِنِينَ وَ سَبْعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عِشْرُونَ يَوْماً فَيُقَالَ لَهُ قُلْ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ يُتْرَكُ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ لَهُ أَرْبَعُ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ يُقَالَ لَهُ قُلْ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ ثُمَّ يُتْرَكُ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ لَهُ خَمْسُ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ يُقَالَ لَهُ أَيُّهُمَا يَمِينُكَ وَ أَيُّهُمَا شِمَالُكَ فَإِذَا عَرَفَ ذَلِكَ حُوِّلَ وَجْهُهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ وَ يُقَالُ لَهُ اسْجُدْ ثُمَّ يُتْرَكُ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ لَهُ سَبْعُ سِنِينَ فَإِذَا تَمَّ لَهُ سَبْعُ سِنِينَ قِيلَ لَهُ اغْسِلْ وَجْهَكَ وَ كَفَّيْكَ فَإِذَا غَسَلَهُمَا قِيلَ لَهُ صَلِّ ثُمَّ يُتْرَكُ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ لَهُ تِسْعُ سِنِينَ فَإِذَا تَمَّتْ لَهُ عُلِّمَ الْوُضُوءَ وَ ضُرِبَ عَلَيْهِ وَ أُمِرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَ ضُرِبَ عَلَيْهَا فَإِذَا تَعَلَّمَ الْوُضُوءَ وَ الصَّلَاةَ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ وَ لِوَالِدَيْهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
Abdullah bin Fazala has narrated from Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq-asws who reported on his father Imam Mohammed Baqir-asws that when your son reaches the age of three (3) years then ask him to say seven times ‘لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ’ (La a Ia ha Illillah) and then wait until the time when he reaches at the age of three years, seven months and twenty days, then ask them to recite seven times, ‘مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ’ (Mohammed din Rasool Allah) and then wait until he reaches the age of four (4), then ask him to recite seven times:
‘صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ’, (Sallallhao Alla Mohammed wa Allayhi) after that wait until he reaches age of five (5), then ask him which one is his right hand and which one is his left hand, if he has begun to recognise his right and left then ask him to perform prostration towards Kabah. He should be left until he reaches the age of seven (7), then he should be asked to wash his hands and face and offer Salat. He should be left alone until he reaches nine (9) years, then he should be taught how to perform ablution and at this stage he should be disciplined to learn Ablution (Wuzu) and Salat and start offering Salat. When he would learn ablution and Salat, insha Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj will Forgive his parent.[8]
أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَاصِمِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ الْغُلَامُ يَلْعَبُ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ وَ يَتَعَلَّمُ الْكِتَابَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ وَ يَتَعَلَّمُ الْحَلَالَ وَ الْحَرَامَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ
“Abu Abdullah-asws has said, ‘A boy can play for seven (7) years, learn how to read and write for another seven (7) years and learn the lawful and unlawful matters in another seven (7) years.[9]
Children and adults should ask permission before entering rooms
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ لِيَسْتَأْذِنْكُمُ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ وَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحُلُمَ مِنْكُمْ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ مِنْ قَبْلِ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ وَ حِينَ تَضَعُونَ ثِيَابَكُمْ مِنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ وَ مِنْ بَعْدِ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ ثَلَاثُ عَوْرَاتٍ لَكُمْ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ لَا عَلَيْهِمْ جُنَاحٌ بَعْدَهُنَّ طَوَّافُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ مَنْ بَلَغَ الْحُلُمَ مِنْكُمْ فَلَا يَلِجُ عَلَى أُمِّهِ وَ لَا عَلَى أُخْتِهِ وَ لَا عَلَى ابْنَتِهِ وَ لَا عَلَى مَنْ سِوَى ذَلِكَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنٍ وَ لَا يَأْذَنْ لِأَحَدٍ حَتَّى يُسَلِّمَ فَإِنَّ السَّلَامَ طَاعَةُ الرَّحْمَنِ .
Muhammad Bin yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, and a number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, altogether, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yusuf Bin Aqeel, from Muhammad Bin Qays, from,
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Let them seek permission, those whom your right hands possess (adult dependents living in a house), and those who have yet to attain puberty, three times from you – (1) from before the Dawn Prayer, (2) and when you are putting off your clothes from the backs (afternoon), (3) and from after the evening prayer, three times of privacy for you. There is no blame upon you nor upon them after these to go around, and the one who has attained puberty from you, so he should not enter the (chamber of) his mother, nor the (chambers of) his sister, nor the (chambers of) his daughter, nor the (chambers of) anyone besides that, except by permission, and he should not permit anyone unless he greets, for the greeting is obedience to the Beneficent’.[10]
The Hijab:
We have compiled additional Ahadith on this topic elsewhere (http://hubeali.com/articles/Hijab for women and men.pdf), so only one Hadith is presented below:
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ وَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الْجَارِيَةِ الَّتِي لَمْ تُدْرِكْ مَتَى يَنْبَغِي لَهَا أَنْ تُغَطِّيَ رَأْسَهَا مِمَّنْ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَهُ مَحْرَمٌ وَ مَتَى يَجِبُ عَلَيْهَا أَنْ تُقَنِّعَ رَأْسَهَا لِلصَّلَاةِ قَالَ لَا تُغَطِّي رَأْسَهَا حَتَّى تَحْرُمَ عَلَيْهَا الصَّلَاةُ .
Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazaan, and Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Abdul Rahman Bin Al Hajjaj who said,
‘I asked Abu Ibrahim-asws about the girl who has yet to attain puberty, when is it befitting for her that she covers her head from the one there is no sanctity between her and him, and when is it Obligatory upon her that she wear a scarf upon her head for the Prayer. He-asws said: ‘She does not have to cover her head until the Prayer is sanctified (becomes Obligatory) upon her’.[11]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ السَّدُوسِيِّ عَنْ بَشِيرٍ النَّبَّالِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الْحَمَّامِ فَقَالَ تُرِيدُ الْحَمَّامَ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ
A number of our companions, from sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ismail Bin Yasaar, from Usman Bin Affan Al Sadousy, from Basheer Al Nabaal who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws the bathhouse, so he-asws said: ‘Do you want to bathe?’ So, I said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَأَمَرَ بِإِسْخَانِ الْحَمَّامِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ فَاتَّزَرَ بِإِزَارٍ وَ غَطَّى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَ سُرَّتَهُ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘So he-asws ordered with the warming of the bath, then he-asws entered it, and he-asws was wearing a trouser, and his-asws knees were covered, as well as his-asws navel.[12]
Issues of ‘Mahram’
A mahram is that which is considered within the immediate family; by blood or by marriage, A list of Mahram may be found in the Holy Verses: (4:22-23) and (24:31). It is forbidden for a non-Mahram man to remain in the company of a non-Mahram woman where others cannot see them.[13] – for example:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَلْ يُصَافِحُ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرْأَةَ لَيْسَتْ بِذِي مَحْرَمٍ فَقَالَ لَا إِلَّا مِنْ وَرَاءِ الثَّوْبِ.
Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father, who from ibn Abu Umayr, who from abu Ayyub Al-Khazzaz, who from abu Basir, who says:
This is regarding my question before Abu Abdullah-asws, if one can shake hands with women who are lawful for marriage? He said: No, it is not permissible except from behind the cloth.[14]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الرِّجَالُ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِنَّ.
A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu Abd Allah, who from his father, who from Harun ibn Al-Jahm, who from Jafar ibn Umar, who says:
Rasool-Allah-saww prohibited men from entering the place of women without their permission.[15]
Growing beard:
A young boy will soon start finding small and scattered hair growing on his chin and lower jaw area, which will gradually form a beautiful beard, which is his adornment and he should embrace it with pleasure. The hair growth above upper tip area will form moustaches. Both of these need to be trimmed but not shaved, moustaches are to be shorter. Here we present some Ahadith.
قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله حلق اللحية من المثلة ومن مثل فعليه لعنة الله
Rasool-Allah-saww said shaving beard is an act of mutilation and one incites Allah-azwj ‘s curse by shaving his beard.[16]
قال: قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله): إن المجوس جزوا لحاهم، ووفروا شواربهم وإنا نحن نجز الشوارب، ونعفي اللحى، وهى الفطرة
The Messenger-saww of Allah-azwj said: The Majoosi[17] shave their beards, and grow their moustaches and we trim our Moustaches, and grow our beards.[18]
عدة من أصحابنا عن سهل بن زياد، عن محمد بن الحسن بن شمون، عن عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن، عن مسمع، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: قضى أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام في اللحية إذا حلق فلم تنبت دية كاملة فإذا نبتت فثلث دية
It is narrated from a chain of narrators that Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq-asws quoted on behalf of Amir-ul-Momineen-asws that if someone shaves his beard and it does not grow again then there is ‘Blood Money’ on him but if his beard grows again then he should pay out (elms) one third of the ‘Blood Money.[19]
الحلبي، عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: الدية عشرة آلاف درهم أو ألف دينار، قال جميل: قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: الدية مائة من الابل
Al-Halabi from, (Imam) Abu Abdullah-asws said: Blood money is ten thousand Dirhams or one thousand Dinars. Jamil said that Abu Abdullah-asws said the blood money is equivalent to the price of one hundred camels.[20]
Men and women should Not Appear similar to their Opposite Sex:
عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَوْ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع- قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الْمُتَشَبِّهَاتِ بِالرِّجَالِ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ وَ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الْمُتَشَبِّهِينَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ بِالنِّسَاءِ
I have heard from my father, who from Ali ibn Al-Qasim, from Jafar ibn Mohammed, from Al-Hussain ibn Ziyad, who from Yaqub ibn Jafar, who says:
(The narrator says) I asked a question from Abu Abdullah-asws or Abu Ibrahim-asws, who told me that Rasool-Allah-saww has said: May Allah-azwj’s curse be on those woman who (try to appear) similar to men and may Allah-azwj’s curse be on those men who (try to appear) resembling women.[21] (An extract from a lengthy Hadith).
Removing of unwanted Hair (Armpits and pubic):
وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص احْلِقُوا شَعْرَ الْبَطْنِ لِلذَّكَرِ وَ الْأُنْثَى
The messenger of Allah ص said that you shave the abdomen hair, it is (same for) male or the female.[22]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ قَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ فِي الْحَمَّامِ فَرَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) يَطْلِي إِبْطَهُ فَأَخْبَرْتُ بِذَلِكَ أَبَا بَصِيرٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَيُّمَا أَفْضَلُ نَتْفُ الْإِبْطِ أَوْ حَلْقُهُ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّ نَتْفَ الْإِبْطِ يُوهِي أَوْ يُضْعِفُ احْلِقْهُ .
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Sa’dan who said,
‘I was with Abu Baseer in the bathhouse, so I saw Abu Abdullah-asws waxing his-asws armpits, so I informed Abu Baseer of that, so he said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Which is preferable, plucking the armpit or shaving it?’ So he-asws said: ‘O Abu Muhammad! Plucking the armpit frails or weakens (the shoulders). Shave it’.[23]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) لَا يُطَوِّلَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ شَعْرَ إِبْطِهِ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَتَّخِذُهُ مَخْبَأً لِيَسْتَتِرَ بِهِ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Not one of you should prolong the hair of his armpits for the Satan-la would take it as a hide-out to hide with by it’.[24]
How Frequently One should remove hair (unwanted):
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلَا يَتْرُكْ عَانَتَهُ فَوْقَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً وَ لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ تَدَعَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهَا فَوْقَ عِشْرِينَ يَوْماً .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, form his father, from Al Nowfaly, from;
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who was a believer in Allah-azwj and the Last Day, so he should not leave his pubic hair for more than forty (40) days, nor is it Permissible for a woman who believes in Allah-azwj and the Last Day that she should leave that from her for more than twenty (20) days’.[25]
أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( عليه السلام ) أُحِبُّ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ أَنْ يَطَّلِيَ فِي كُلِّ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً .
Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from his grandfather Al Hassan Bin Rashid, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘I-asws would love it for the Believer if he were to wax (to remove unwanted hair) during every fifteen days’.[26]
Plucking the hair from the nose
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) أَخْذُ الشَّعْرِ مِنَ الْأَنْفِ يُحَسِّنُ الْوَجْهَ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Hamza Al Ashary, raising it, said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Plucking the hair from the nose beautifies the face’.[27]
Burying the hair and the nails
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي كَهْمَسٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَ لَمْ نَجْعَلِ الْأَرْضَ كِفاتاً أَحْياءً وَ أَمْواتاً قَالَ دَفْنُ الشَّعْرِ وَ الظُّفُرِ .
A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Fazzal, from one of his companions, from Abu Kahmas,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [77:25] Have We not made the earth as a place [77:26] For the living and the dead. He-asws said: Burying of the hair and the nails’.[28]
Description of Wuzu (Ablution):
A short description of Wuzu is included here for the interest of some of the reader as by this time children may already have learnt how to perform Wuzu.
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرُ ع- أَ لَا أَحْكِي لَكُمْ وُضُوءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقِيلَ لَهُ بَلَى فَدَعَا بِقَعْبٍ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ فَوَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ حَسَرَ عَنْ ذِرَاعَيْهِ ثُمَّ غَمَسَ فِيهِ كَفَّهُ الْيُمْنَى ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا إِذَا كَانَتِ الْكَفُّ طَاهِرَةً ثُمَّ غَرَفَ مِلْأَهَا مَاءً ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُ عَلَى جَبْهَتِهِ وَ قَالَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ سَيَّلَهُ عَلَى أَطْرَافِ لِحْيَتِهِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَّ يَدَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ وَ ظَاهِرِ جَبِينَيْهِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً ثُمَّ غَمَسَ يَدَهُ الْيُسْرَى فَغَرَفَ بِهَا مِلْأَهَا ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُ عَلَى مِرْفَقِهِ الْيُمْنَى فَأَمَرَّ كَفَّهُ عَلَى سَاعِدِهِ حَتَّى جَرَى الْمَاءُ عَلَى أَطْرَافِ أَصَابِعِهِ ثُمَّ غَرَفَ بِيَمِينِهِ مِلْأَهَا فَوَضَعَهُ عَلَى مِرْفَقِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ فَأَمَرَّ كَفَّهُ عَلَى سَاعِدِهِ حَتَّى جَرَى الْمَاءُ عَلَى أَطْرَافِ أَصَابِعِهِ وَ مَسَحَ عَلَى مُقَدَّمِ رَأْسِهِ وَ ظَهْرِ قَدَمَيْهِ بِبِلَّةِ بَقِيَّةِ مَائِهِ.
Once Imam Abu Jafar-asws (Imam Mohammed Baqir-asws) asked his companions, Shall I show you how Prophet Muhammad-saww used to Perform Ablutions? Upon their request (which was yes, please), a big bowl containing little water was brought and presented to the Imam-asws. The Imam-asws then folded his-asws sleeves and took a handful of water in his-asws right hand and said: ‘remember! Only take water like this if your hands are clean (‘Tahir’)’. Then Imam-asws poured it onto his-asws forehead while reciting ‘Bismillah’ and spread that water around his-asws beard and wiped his-asws hand in the open area between the face and the forehead. Then Imam-asws took water in his-asws left hand and poured water onto his-asws right elbow and wiped it down with his-asws hand so that water dropped out around the fingers of the Imam-asws. The Imam-asws then took out some water using his right hand and poured onto his left elbow and wiped it with his-asws right hand so that water dropped out around his-asws fingers. This was followed by wiping the front of his-asws head (from top to the end of hair line, up to forehead) with his-asws right hand and then used both hands to wipe the surfaces of both feet using right hand for his-asws right foot and left land for the left foot. [29]
Tayammum (Wuzu from dust/earth):
When water is unavailable for Wuzu, one may use dust and perform Tayammum.
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِذَا لَمْ تَجِدْ مَاءً وَ أَرَدْتَ التَّيَمُّمَ فَأَخِّرِ التَّيَمُّمَ إِلَى آخِرِ الْوَقْتِ فَإِنْ فَاتَكَ الْمَاءُ لَمْ تَفُتْكَ الْأَرْضُ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Safwan, from Al A’ala, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, who said,
‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘When you cannot find water and intend the Tayammum, so delay the Tayammum up to the end of the time (of Salat). So if the water is still not available, (so use) the earth as it will not go away (so one can offer salat)’.[30]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ( عليهما السلام ) قَالَ إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدِ الْمُسَافِرُ الْمَاءَ فَلْيَطْلُبْ مَا دَامَ فِي الْوَقْتِ فَإِذَا خَافَ أَنْ يَفُوتَهُ الْوَقْتُ فَلْيَتَيَمَّمْ وَ لْيُصَلِّ فِي آخِرِ الْوَقْتِ فَإِذَا وَجَدَ الْمَاءَ فَلَا قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لْيَتَوَضَّأْ لِمَا يَسْتَقْبِلُ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina, from Zurara,
(It has been narrated) from one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘When the traveller cannot find the water, so let him seek for as long as he is within the time (for the Salat). But if he fears missing the time, so let him perform Tayammum, and let him pray Salat during the end time. So when he does find the water, there would be no repayment (of the Salat) upon him, and let him perform Ablution (Wudhu) for what is next (Salat)’.[31]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) يَقُولُ إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدِ الرَّجُلُ طَهُوراً وَ كَانَ جُنُباً فَلْيَمْسَحْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَ يُصَلِّي فَإِذَا وَجَدَ مَاءً فَلْيَغْتَسِلْ وَ قَدْ أَجْزَأَتْهُ صَلَاتُهُ الَّتِي صَلَّى .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘When the man does not find cleanliness and he was with Al-Janub, so let him wipe from the earth, and he should pray Salat. So when he does find water, so let him wash, and his Salat would suffice him, which he prayed’ (he does not need to repeat it).[32]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ التَّيَمُّمِ فَضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ الْأَرْضَ ثُمَّ رَفَعَهَا فَنَفَضَهَا ثُمَّ مَسَحَ بِهَا جَبِينَيْهِ وَ كَفَّيْهِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl, altogether from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Zurara who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the Tayammum, so he-asws struck the ground with his-asws hand, then raised it and shook it (the dust). Then he-asws wiped his-asws forehead with it, and (the back of his) wrist, once’.[33]
Additional Ahadith related to Wuzu and bathing are given in Appendix III.
Major Wuzu (Al-Janub)
Here we will, try to learn, how to wash after becoming Najis, requiring major Wuzu (Al-Janub) – as one neither need to perform Wuzu before washing/bathing for Al-Janub nor one need to perform Wuzu after this bath (as one has performed Major Wuzu by washing one’s body)
Description of Ghusal Al-Janub (Washing after a wet-dream)
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يَغْتَسِلُ الْجُنُبُ فَقَالَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَصَابَ كَفَّهُ شَيْءٌ غَمَسَهَا فِي الْمَاءِ ثُمَّ بَدَأَ بِفَرْجِهِ فَأَنْقَاهُ بِثَلَاثِ غُرَفٍ ثُمَّ صَبَّ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ثَلَاثَ أَكُفٍّ ثُمَّ صَبَّ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَمَا جَرَى عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءُ فَقَدْ أَجْزَأَهُ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,
‘I said, ‘How should the one with sexual impurity, wash?’ So he-asws said: ‘If nothing happens to have hit his palm, he should immerse it into the water, then begin with his private part. So he should clean it with three scoops (three handfuls). Then he should pour upon his head three handfuls, then pour upon his right shoulder twice (a small quantity of water two times), and upon his left shoulder twice (a small quantity of water two times). So, whatever the water flows upon, so it would suffice him’.[34]
What to Recite while taking bath:
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا قَالَ قَالَ تَقُولُ فِي غُسْلِ الْجُمُعَةِ اللَّهُمَّ طَهِّرْ قَلْبِي مِنْ كُلِّ آفَةٍ تَمْحَقُ بِهَا دِينِي وَ تُبْطِلُ بِهَا عَمَلِي وَ تَقُولُ فِي غُسْلِ الْجَنَابَةِ اللَّهُمَّ طَهِّرْ قَلْبِي وَ زَكِّ عَمَلِي وَ تَقَبَّلْ سَعْيِي وَ اجْعَلْ مَا عِنْدَكَ خَيْراً لِي .
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, form Ali Bin Al Hakam, from one of our companions who said,
‘He-asws said: ‘You should be saying during the washing for Friday, ‘O Allah-azwj! Purify my heart from every scourge by which my Religion could get obliterated, and my deeds could get invalidated’; and you should be saying during the washing for the sexual impurity, ‘O Allah-azwj! Clean my heart, and Purify my deeds, and Accept my striving and Make what is with You-azwj to be good for me’.[35]
Additional Ahadith related to this topic are included in Appendix IV.
Najis (Janub) Eating, Reciting Quran, Visiting Masjid/Holy Shrines:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ الْجُنُبُ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ وَ يَشْرَبَ غَسَلَ يَدَهُ وَ تَمَضْمَضَ وَ غَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ وَ أَكَلَ وَ شَرِبَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazaan, altogether from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The one with sexual impurity, when he wants to eat and drink, he should wash his hands, and he should rinse his mouth, and wash his face, and (then) eat and drink’.[36]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الْجُنُبِ يَأْكُلُ وَ يَشْرَبُ وَ يَقْرَأُ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَأْكُلُ وَ يَشْرَبُ وَ يَقْرَأُ وَ يَذْكُرُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَا شَاءَ .
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the one with sexual impurity eating and drinking and reciting (the Quran)’. He-asws said: ‘Yes, he can eat and drink and recite (the Quran), and mentioned Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic whatever he so desires to’.[37]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ لِلْجُنُبِ أَنْ يَمْشِيَ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ كُلِّهَا وَ لَا يَجْلِسُ فِيهَا إِلَّا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ وَ مَسْجِدَ الرَّسُولِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) .
Ali Bin Muhammad, and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Abu Nasr, from Jameel Bin Darraj,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘For the one with sexual impurity is that he can walk into the Masjids, all of them but he cannot sit in them, except for the Sacred Masjid, and Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww (where he can neither walk into nor sit in them)’.[38]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الْجُنُبِ يَجْلِسُ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ يَمُرُّ فِيهَا كُلِّهَا إِلَّا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ وَ مَسْجِدَ الرَّسُولِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Jameel who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the one with sexual impurity sitting in the Masjids. He-asws said: ‘No, but he can pass through them, this does not apply to Sacred Masjid and Masjid of the Rasool-saww’.[39]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَمَّنْ قَرَأَ فِي الْمُصْحَفِ وَ هُوَ عَلَى غَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ وَ لَا يَمَسَّ الْكِتَابَ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Mukhtar, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the one who recites the Parchment and he is without an Ablution (Wudhu). He-asws said: ‘There is no problem, but he should not touch the Book (Quran)’.[40]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بَحْرٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) الْجُنُبُ يَدَّهِنُ ثُمَّ يَغْتَسِلُ قَالَ لَا .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Abdullah Bin Bahr, from Hareyz who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Can the one with Al-Janub get massage (with oil), then washes’. He-asws said: ‘No’.[41]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي مَحْمُودٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا ( عليه السلام ) الرَّجُلُ يُجْنِبُ فَيُصِيبُ جَسَدَهُ وَ رَأْسَهُ الْخَلُوقُ وَ الطِّيبُ وَ الشَّيْءُ اللَّكِدُ مِثْلُ عِلْكِ الرُّومِ وَ الطَّرَارِ وَ مَا أَشْبَهَهُ فَيَغْتَسِلُ فَإِذَا فَرَغَ وَجَدَ شَيْئاً قَدْ بَقِيَ فِي جَسَدِهِ مِنْ أَثَرِ الْخَلُوقِ وَ الطِّيبِ وَ غَيْرِهِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Mahmoud who said,
‘I said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘The man comes to be with Al-Janub, so he applies his body and his head with the oil, and the perfume, and something chewy like the roman gum and the (mouth) freshener, and what resembles it, and he washes. So when he is free, he finds something to have remained in his body, from the traces of the oil, and the perfume, and other’. He-asws said: ‘It is not harmful’.[42]
أَبُو دَاوُدَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الْجُنُبِ وَ الْحَائِضِ يَتَنَاوَلَانِ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْمَتَاعَ يَكُونُ فِيهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَكِنْ لَا يَضَعَانِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ شَيْئاً .
Abu Dawood, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the one with Al-Janub and the menstruating woman both taking the chattel from the Masjid which happens to be in it. He-asws said: ‘Yes, but they should not place anything in the Masjid’.[43]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَخْتَضِبَ الْجُنُبُ وَ يُجْنِبَ الْمُخْتَضِبُ وَ يَطَّلِيَ بِالنُّورَةِ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Abu Nasr, from Abu Jameela,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st having said: ‘There is no problem if the one with sexual impurity were to apply dye, and the one with sexual impurity applies the dye and follows it up with the waxing’.
وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً أَنَّ الْمُخْتَضِبَ لَا يُجْنِبُ حَتَّى يَأْخُذَ الْخِضَابُ وَ أَمَّا فِي أَوَّلِ الْخِضَابِ فَلَا
And it is reported as well that the one with the dye should not come to be with sexual impurity until he takes off the dye, and as for the beginning of the dye, so no.[44]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُجْنِبُ ثُمَّ يُرِيدُ النَّوْمَ قَالَ إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَتَوَضَّأَ فَلْيَفْعَلْ وَ الْغُسْلُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ وَ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ هُوَ نَامَ وَ لَمْ يَتَوَضَّأْ وَ لَمْ يَغْتَسِلْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى .
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from his brother Al Hassan, from Zur’at, from Sama’at who said,
‘I asked him-asws about the man who comes to be with sexual impurity, then he wants to sleep. He-asws said: ‘I-asws would love it if he were to perform Ablution (Wudhu), so let him do so, and the washing is more beloved to me-asws, the superior than that. So if he were to sleep and does not perform Ablution (Wudhu) and does not wash, so there would be nothing upon him, Allah-azwj Willing’.[45]
ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ الْقُمِّيُّ فِي دَلَائِلِ الْأَئِمَّةِ وَ مُعْجِزَاتِهِمْ قَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ دَخَلْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ وَ كَانَتْ مَعِي جُوَيْرِيَةٌ لِي فَأَصَبْتُ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ إِلَى الْحَمَّامِ فَلَقِيتُ أَصْحَابَنَا الشِّيعَةَ وَ هُمْ مُتَوَجِّهُونَ إِلَى الصَّادِقِ ع فَخِفْتُ أَنْ يَسْبِقُونِي وَ يَفُوتَنِي الدُّخُولُ عَلَيْهِ فَمَشَيْتُ مَعَهُمْ حَتَّى دَخَلْتُ الدَّارَ مَعَهُمْ
Ibn Babuwayh Al Qummi in ‘Dalail Al Aimma Wa Mo’jizatihim’ – Abu Baseer said,
‘I entered Al-Medina and with me was a slave girl of mine. I attained from her, then went out to the bathhouse. I met our Shia companions, and they were heading to Al-Sadiq-asws. I feared them preceding me and the entry to see him-asws would be missed by me, so I walked with them until I entered the house with them.
فَلَمَّا مَثُلْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع نَظَرَ إِلَيَّ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَبَا بَصِيرٍ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ بُيُوتَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ أَوْلَادِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ- لَا يَدْخُلُهَا الْجُنُبُ
When I stood in front of him-asws, Abu Abdullah-asws looked at me, then said: ‘O Abu Baseer! Don’t you know that houses of the Prophets-as and children of the Prophets-as, the one with sexual impurity cannot enter them?’
فَاسْتَحْيَيْتُ وَ قُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَقِيتُ أَصْحَابَنَا وَ خِفْتُ أَنْ يَفُوتَنِيَ الدُّخُولُ مَعَهُمْ وَ لَنْ أَعُودَ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا أَبَداً.
I was embarrassed and said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! I met our companions and feared that the entry with them would be lost by me, and I shall never repeat to the like of it, ever!’’[46]
The Female Issues (Menstruation Haydh)
الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أُدَيْمِ بْنِ الْحُرِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى حَدَّ لِلنِّسَاءِ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ مَرَّةً .
Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Washa, from Hammad Bin Usman, from Adeym Bin Al Hurr who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying that Allah-azwj Blessed and High has (Placed) limitation for the women, once during every month’ (as she cannot stay clean for the whole of the month during adolescent).[47]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ الْحَائِضُ مَا بَلَغَ بَلَلُ الْمَاءِ مِنْ شَعْرِهَا أَجْزَأَهَا .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahbooub, from Abu Ayoub Al Khazzaz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, from,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The menstruating woman, whatever moisture of the water reaches from her hair, would suffice her’.[48]
Additional Ahadith on menstruation are given in Appendix V.
No need to repeat the missed salat but to make up the lapsed fasts
الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَا الْحَائِضُ تَقْضِي الصِّيَامَ وَ لَا تَقْضِي الصَّلَاةَ .
Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Ashary, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Washa, from Aban, from the one who informed him,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws both having said: ‘The menstruating woman would make up the (missed) Fasts and would not make up the (missed) Salats’.[49]
Reciting Quran and Visiting Masjid:
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ الْحَائِضُ تَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَ تَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ .
Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazaan, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, and Hammad, from Muawiya Bin Ammar,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The menstruating woman can recite the Quran and Praise Allah-azwj’.[50]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الطَّامِثِ تَسْمَعُ السَّجْدَةَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مِنَ الْعَزَائِمِ فَلْتَسْجُدْ إِذَا سَمِعَتْهَا .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ali Bin Raib, from Abu Ubeyda who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the menstruating woman hearing the (Verse of) the Prostration (in the Quran). He-asws said: ‘If it was from the determined ones, so let her prostrate when she hears it’.[51]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ التَّعْوِيذِ يُعَلَّقُ عَلَى الْحَائِضِ قَالَ نَعَمْ لَا بَأْسَ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Dawood Bin Farqad,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the amulet hanging upon the menstruating woman. He-asws said: ‘Yes, there is no problem’.
قَالَ وَ قَالَ تَقْرَؤُهُ وَ تَكْتُبُهُ وَ لَا تُصِيبُهُ يَدُهَا وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهَا لَا تَكْتُبُ الْقُرْآنَ .
He (the narrator) said, ‘And he-asws said: ‘She can recite it and write it, but her hand cannot touch it’. And it is reported that she cannot write the Quran.[52]
The Menstruating woman can take something from the Masjid but she cannot place anything in it
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ كَيْفَ صَارَتِ الْحَائِضُ تَأْخُذُ مَا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَ لَا تَضَعُ فِيهِ فَقَالَ لِأَنَّ الْحَائِضَ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَضَعَ مَا فِي يَدِهَا فِي غَيْرِهِ وَ لَا تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ مَا فِيهِ إِلَّا مِنْهُ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws, ‘How did it come to be that the menstruating woman can take what is in the Masjid and she cannot place anything in it?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because the menstruating woman does have the leeway that she places whatever is in her hand to be somewhere else, but she does not have the leeway if she takes what is in it (Masjid), except from it (what is with her to place it)’.[53]
Supplications for safety and protection from wet-dreams
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ إِذَا أَوَى أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى فِرَاشِهِ فَلْيَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي احْتَبَسْتُ نَفْسِي عِنْدَكَ فَاحْتَبِسْهَا فِي مَحَلِّ رِضْوَانِكَ وَ مَغْفِرَتِكَ وَ إِنْ رَدَدْتَهَا إِلَى بَدَنِي فَارْدُدْهَا مُؤْمِنَةً عَارِفَةً بِحَقِّ أَوْلِيَائِكَ حَتَّى تَتَوَفَّاهَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ
Mohammed Ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad Ibn Mohammed in a Marfu manner from Abu Abdullah-asws said, One should recite, prior to going to sleep,
اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي احْتَبَسْتُ نَفْسِي عِنْدَكَ فَاحْتَبِسْهَا فِي مَحَلِّ رِضْوَانِكَ وَ مَغْفِرَتِكَ وَ إِنْ رَدَدْتَهَا إِلَى بَدَنِي فَارْدُدْهَا مُؤْمِنَةً عَارِفَةً بِحَقِّ أَوْلِيَائِكَ حَتَّى تَتَوَفَّاهَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ
‘Ya Allah-azwj, I submit my soul in Your-azwj Custody, please keep it at the place which is liked and bless by You-azwj and return it to me in the state that it would embrace Eman, which is to recognise the Rights of the Ahl Al-Bayt-asws (the Imam-asws) but You-azwj do not return it to me (in case of death) then register me with these beliefs.[54]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (عليه السلام) قَالَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صلوات الله عليه) يَقُولُ.
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Maymoun,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws used to say:
اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الِاحْتِلَامِ وَ مِنْ سُوءِ الْأَحْلَامِ وَ أَنْ يَلْعَبَ بِيَ الشَّيْطَانُ فِي الْيَقَظَةِ وَ الْمَنَامِ
‘O Allah-azwj! I seek Refuge with You-azwj from the wet dreams and the evil dreams, and that the Satan-la would play with me-asws during the wakefulness and the sleep’.[55]
Protection for the Day:
Amir-ul-Momineen-asws (our first Imam Ali-asws Ibn Abi Talib-asws) said to his-asws companion:
O Kumayl, begin every day with mentioning Allah-azwj’s Name and saying, “All Might and Power belongs to Allah-azwj.” Have ‘Towakkil’ (full Trust) upon Allah-azwj. Mention us-asws, utter our-asws names, and seek Allah-azwj ‘s blessings on our-asws behalf. Encircle yourself and whatever is in your custody, after having said that, so that you will be saved from the evil of that day.[56]
Some additional Ahadith related to washing, cleanliness and hygiene are given in Appendices VI-VII.
Appendix I: The signs of Puberty in boys and girls
For boy is the age of 15 years and for the girl it is 9 years, see for example:
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قُلْتُ لَهُ مَتَى يَجِبُ عَلَى الْغُلَامِ أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ بِالْحُدُودِ التَّامَّةِ وَ تُقَامَ عَلَيْهِ وَ يُؤْخَذَ بِهَا فَقَالَ إِذَا خَرَجَ عَنْهُ الْيُتْمُ وَ أَدْرَكَ قُلْتُ فَلِذَلِكَ حَدٌّ يُعْرَفُ بِهِ فَقَالَ إِذَا احْتَلَمَ أَوْ بَلَغَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ سَنَةً أَوْ أَشْعَرَ أَوْ أَنْبَتَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ أُقِيمَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْحُدُودُ التَّامَّةُ وَ أُخِذَ بِهَا وَ أُخِذَتْ لَهُ
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdul Aziz Al Abady, from Hamza Bin Humran, from Humran who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws saying to him-asws, ‘When is it Obligatory upon the boy that he should be seized with the complete Penalties, and for it to be established upon him and for him to be seized by it?’ So he-asws said: ‘When the orphan-hood exits from him, and he attains realisation’. I said, ‘So for that is a Penalty (Hadd) to be recognised by?’ So he-asws said: ‘When he bed-wets, or reaches fifteen years of age, or becomes aware, or grows (pubic hair) before that, the complete Penalties would be established upon him, and he would be seized by it, and it would be taken for him’ (an extract).[57]
عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قُلْتُ الْجَارِيَةُ ابْنَةُ كَمْ لَا تُسْتَصْبَى ابْنَةُ سِتٍّ أَوْ سَبْعٍ فَقَالَ لَا ابْنَةُ تِسْعٍ لَا تُسْتَصْبَى وَ أَجْمَعُوا كُلُّهُمْ عَلَى أَنَّ ابْنَةَ تِسْعٍ لَا تُسْتَصْبَى إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي عَقْلِهَا ضَعْفٌ وَ إِلَّا فَهِيَ إِذَا بَلَغَتْ تِسْعاً فَقَدْ بَلَغَتْ .
Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from a man,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I said, ‘The girl, when would she not be reckoned as a child, a girl of six or seven (years of age)?’ So he-asws said: ‘No, it is a girl of nine who would not be reckoned as a child, and all of them have formed a consensus upon that a girl of nine would not be reckoned as a child except if there happens to be a weakness in her intellect, or else, so when she reaches nine (years), so she has reached puberty’.[58]
Appendix II: Teaching and Coaching Children
أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَاصِمِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ الْغُلَامُ يَلْعَبُ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ وَ يَتَعَلَّمُ الْكِتَابَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ وَ يَتَعَلَّمُ الْحَلَالَ وَ الْحَرَامَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ .
Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Aasimy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from his uncle Yaqoub Bin Saalim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The boy plays for seven years, and he learns the Book (Quran) for seven years, and learns the Permissible and the Prohibitions for seven years’.[59]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ بَادِرُوا أَوْلَادَكُمْ بِالْحَدِيثِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْبِقَكُمْ إِلَيْهِمُ الْمُرْجِئَةُ
Imam Abu Abdullah-asws has said, ‘You should hasten (take an initiative) to teach Hadith to your children before Al-Murjiah (name of a sect) takes control over their mind and belief.[60]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِّمُوا أَوْلَادَكُمُ السِّبَاحَةَ وَ الرِّمَايَةَ
Ali Ibn Asbat from his uncle Yaqoob Ibn Salim, who narrates:
‘Amir-ul-Momineen-asws has said that the Rasool-Allah-saww has said, ‘You should teach your children swimming and sharp shooting (archery).[61]
Appendix III: Additional Ahadith on Wuzu (Ablution) and Bathing:
It is extremely important to use as little water as possible so below are some Ahadith:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ يَأْخُذُ أَحَدُكُمُ الرَّاحَةَ مِنَ الدُّهْنِ فَيَمْلَأُ بِهَا جَسَدَهُ وَ الْمَاءُ أَوْسَعُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Al A’ala, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘One of you takes the comfort from the oil, so he fills his body with it (by massaging), but (consider) the water is more expansive than that’. (Meaning – use water as one applies oil).[62]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ يُجْزِئُكَ مِنَ الْغُسْلِ وَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءِ مَا مُلِئَتْ يَمِينُكَ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Yazeed Bin Is’haq, from Haroun Bin Hamza,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘It would suffice you from the washing and the cleansing (after toilet) what fills your hand’.[63]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ غَيْرُهُ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَمُّونٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَلَكاً يَكْتُبُ سَرَفَ الْوَضُوءِ كَمَا يَكْتُبُ عُدْوَانَهُ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from someone else, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Shamoun, from Hammad Bin isa, from Hareyz,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘For Allah-azwj there is an Angel who records the extravagance in the Ablution (Wudhu) just as he records his (other) transgressions’.[64]
Types of washing
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى وَ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ الْغُسْلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ وَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَ الْعِيدَيْنِ وَ حِينَ تُحْرِمُ وَ حِينَ تَدْخُلُ مَكَّةَ وَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ وَ يَوْمَ تَزُورُ الْبَيْتَ وَ حِينَ تَدْخُلُ الْكَعْبَةَ وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ مَنْ غَسَّلَ مَيِّتاً .
Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazaan, from Safwan Bin Yahya and Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muawiya Bin Ammar,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘The washing is from the sexual impurity, and the day of Friday, and the two Eids, and when you wear Ihraam to enter Makkah and Al-Medina, and the day of Arafaat, and the day you perform Ziyarat of the House (Kabah), and when you enter the Kabah, and during the night of the nineteenth and twenty first, and twenty third of a Month of Ramazaan, and the one who washes a deceased’.[65]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ غُسْلِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَقَالَ وَاجِبٌ فِي السَّفَرِ وَ الْحَضَرِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ رُخِّصَ لِلنِّسَاءِ فِي السَّفَرِ لِقِلَّةِ الْمَاءِ
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Friday washing, so he-asws said: ‘It is Obligatory during the journey and during residing, except that it is exempted for the women during the journey due to the scarcity of the water’.
وَ قَالَ غُسْلُ الْجَنَابَةِ وَاجِبٌ وَ غُسْلُ الْحَائِضِ إِذَا طَهُرَتْ وَاجِبٌ وَ غُسْلُ الْمُسْتَحَاضَةِ وَاجِبٌ إِذَا احْتَشَتْ بِالْكُرْسُفِ فَجَازَ الدَّمُ الْكُرْسُفَ فَعَلَيْهَا الْغُسْلُ لِكُلِّ صَلَاتَيْنِ وَ لِلْفَجْرِ غُسْلٌ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجُزِ الدَّمُ الْكُرْسُفَ فَعَلَيْهَا الْغُسْلُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مَرَّةً وَ الْوُضُوءُ لِكُلِّ صَلَاةٍ وَ غُسْلُ النُّفَسَاءِ وَاجِبٌ وَ غُسْلُ الْمَوْلُودِ وَاجِبٌ
And he-asws said: ‘The major Ablution (Wudhu) (from sexual impurity) is an Obligation, and the washing of the menstruating woman when she is clean is an Obligation, and the washing of the woman with inter-period bleeding is an Obligation when she inserts with the rag, and the blood exceeds the rag, so upon her is the washing for every two Salats, and for (Salat) Al-Fajr, a washing. And if the rag suffices for the blood, so upon her is the washing once every day, and the Ablution (Wudhu) for every Salat; and the washing for post childbirth bleeding is an Obligation, and washing for the child birth is an Obligation;
وَ غُسْلُ الْمَيِّتِ وَاجِبٌ وَ غُسْلُ الزِّيَارَةِ وَاجِبٌ وَ غُسْلُ دُخُولِ الْبَيْتِ وَاجِبٌ وَ غُسْلُ الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ وَاجِبٌ وَ غُسْلُ أَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ يُسْتَحَبُّ وَ غُسْلُ لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ غُسْلُ لَيْلَةِ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ سُنَّةٌ لَا تَتْرُكْهَا فَإِنَّهُ يُرْجَى فِي إِحْدَاهُنَّ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ وَ غُسْلُ يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ وَ غُسْلُ يَوْمِ الْأَضْحَى سُنَّةٌ لَا أُحِبُّ تَرْكَهَا وَ غُسْلُ الِاسْتِخَارَةِ يُسْتَحَبُّ الْعَمَلُ فِي غُسْلِ الثَّلَاثِ اللَّيَالِي مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَيْلَةَ تِسْعَةَ عَشْرَةَ وَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ .
And washing of the deceased is an Obligation, and washing for Ziyarat is an Obligation, and washing for entering the House (Kabah) is an Obligation, and washing for the (Supplication) for the rain is an Obligation, and washing in the first night of a Month of Ramazaan is recommended, and the washing of the night of the twenty-first, and the washing of the night of the twenty-third is a Sunnah, do not neglect these. For the Night of Pre-determination is hoped for in one of these; and washing for the day of (Eid) Al-Fitr and washing for the day of the Sacrifice (Al-Azha) is a Sunnah, I-asws do not like it to be neglected, and washing for the Istikhara. It is the recommended deed regarding the washing of the three nights from a Month of Ramazaan – the night of the nineteenth, and twenty-first, and the twenty-third’.[66]
What breaks the Ablution (Wuzu) and what does not break it
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ آدَمَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ النَّاسُورِ أَ يَنْقُضُ الْوُضُوءَ قَالَ إِنَّمَا يَنْقُضُ الْوُضُوءَ ثَلَاثٌ الْبَوْلُ وَ الْغَائِطُ وَ الرِّيحُ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Sahl, from Zakariyya Bin Adam who said,
‘I asked Al-Reza-asws about the nose bleed, ‘Does it break the Ablution (Wuzu)?’ He-asws said: ‘But rather, three things break the Ablution (Wuzu) – the urine, and the faeces, and the wind’.[67]
Wiping face and hands after Wuzu:
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُعَلَّى عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ مَنْ تَوَضَّأَ فَتَمَنْدَلَ كَانَتْ لَهُ حَسَنَةٌ وَ إِنْ تَوَضَّأَ وَ لَمْ يَتَمَنْدَلْ حَتَّى يَجِفَّ وَضُوؤُهُ كَانَتْ لَهُ ثَلَاثُونَ حَسَنَةً .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Salma Bin Al Khattab, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Al Saqafy, from Ali Bin Al Moalla, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Humran,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The one who performs Ablution (Wuzu) and wipes with a towel, for him would be one Reward; but if he performs Ablution (Wuzu) and does not wipe with a towel, (letting it naturally) dry his Ablution (Wuzu) (upon himself), for him would be thirty Rewards’.[68]
(For more Ahadith on Wuzu see, Al-Kafi, Vol. 3, – THE BOOK OF CLEANLINESS
http://hubeali.com/alkafivol3/)
How to deal with Urine of a child:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ بَوْلِ الصَّبِيِّ قَالَ تَصُبُّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ أَكَلَ فَاغْسِلْهُ غَسْلًا وَ الْغُلَامُ وَ الْجَارِيَةُ فِي ذَلِكَ شَرَعٌ سَوَاءٌ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, form Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the urine of the child. He-asws said: ‘Pour the water over it, and if he had eaten, so wash it with a washing; and the boy and the girl with regards to that, in Law, are equal’.[69]
Obligation of the washing for the day of Friday
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ غُسْلِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي السَّفَرِ وَ الْحَضَرِ فَمَنْ نَسِيَ فَلْيُعِدْ مِنَ الْغَدِ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from one of our companions,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘There is no avoiding from the washing of the day of Friday during the journey and the staying. So the one who forgets, so let him repeat the next day’.
وَ رُوِيَ فِيهِ رُخْصَةٌ لِلْعَلِيلِ .
And it is reported that there is an exemption for the sick ones.[70]
Washing of the one who touched a deceased:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ مَنْ غَسَّلَ مَيِّتاً فَلْيَغْتَسِلْ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ مَسَّهُ مَا دَامَ حَارّاً قَالَ فَلَا غُسْلَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِذَا بَرَدَ ثُمَّ مَسَّهُ فَلْيَغْتَسِلْ قُلْتُ فَمَنْ أَدْخَلَهُ الْقَبْرَ قَالَ لَا غُسْلَ عَلَيْهِ إِنَّمَا يَمَسُّ الثِّيَابَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The one who washes a deceased, so let him wash (himself)’. I said, ‘Supposing he touches him as long as he is hot?’ He-asws said: ‘So there is no washing upon him, and when he is cold, then he touches him, so let him wash (himself)’. I said, ‘So (what about) the one who enters the grave?’ He-asws said: ‘There is no washing upon him. But rather, he touches the clothes’.[71]
Washing, nail clipping and trimming of the moustaches on Friday:
عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ طَلْحَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ أَخْذُ الشَّارِبِ وَ الْأَظْفَارِ وَ غَسْلُ الرَّأْسِ بِالْخِطْمِيِّ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ يَنْفِي الْفَقْرَ وَ يَزِيدُ فِي الرِّزْقِ .
Ali, from his brother, from Ismail Bin Abdul Khaliq, from Muhammad Bin Talha,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Taking (trimming) the moustache and the nails, and washing the head with the hibiscus on the day of Friday negates the poverty and increases in the livelihood’.[72]
حَمَّادٌ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ غُسْلِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي الْحَضَرِ وَ السَّفَرِ فَمَنْ نَسِيَ فَلْيُعِدْ مِنَ الْغَدِ .
Hammad, from Hareyz, from one of our companions,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘It is a must to wash on the day of Friday when at home as well as travelling. So when he forgets, so let him take a (shower) on the next day’.
وَ رُوِيَ فِيهِ رُخْصَةٌ لِلْعَلِيلِ .
And it is reported, ‘(He-asws said): ‘Therein is an allowance for the sick’.[73]
Washing of hands before and after meal:
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( عليه السلام ) غَسْلُ الْيَدَيْنِ قَبْلَ الطَّعَامِ وَ بَعْدَهُ زِيَادَةٌ فِي الْعُمُرِ وَ إِمَاطَةٌ لِلْغَمَرِ عَنِ الثِّيَابِ وَ يَجْلُو الْبَصَرَ.
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from his grandfather Al Hassan Bin Rashid, from Abu Baseer,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Washing the two hands before the meal and after it increases in the age, and the removing for the stains from the clothing, and it stimulates the vision’.[74]
Parents have the Responsibility – but without excessive worries:
وَ قَالَ ع لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ لَا تَجْعَلَنَّ أَكْثَرَ شُغُلِكَ بِأَهْلِكَ وَ وَلَدِكَ فَإِنْ يَكُنْ أَهْلُكَ وَ وَلَدُكَ أَوْلِيَاءَ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَوْلِيَاءَهُ وَ إِنْ يَكُونُوا أَعْدَاءَ اللَّهِ فَمَا هَمُّكَ وَ شُغُلُكَ بِأَعْدَاءِ اللَّهِ
Amir-ul-Momineen-asws told one of his companions, ‘listen, never get too involved in the affairs of your dependents because if they love Allah-azwj then firmly believe that He-azwj will Save them from devastation but if they are among the enemies of Allah-azwj then why should you worry about your Lord’s enemies. (an extract)[75]
Appendix IV: The bed-wetting of the man and the woman
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَرَى فِي الْمَنَامِ حَتَّى يَجِدَ الشَّهْوَةَ فَهُوَ يَرَى أَنَّهُ قَدِ احْتَلَمَ فَإِذَا اسْتَيْقَظَ لَمْ يَرَ فِي ثَوْبِهِ الْمَاءَ وَ لَا فِي جَسَدِهِ قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ الْغُسْلُ
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Al Husayn Bin Abu Al A’ala who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the man who sees (a dream) during the sleep until he finds the excitement, so he feels that he has bed-wet. But, when he does wake up, he neither sees the water upon his clothes, nor upon his body. He-asws said: ‘The washing is not upon him’.
وَ قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ( عليه السلام ) يَقُولُ إِنَّمَا الْغُسْلُ مِنَ الْمَاءِ الْأَكْبَرِ فَإِذَا رَأَى فِي مَنَامِهِ وَ لَمْ يَرَ الْمَاءَ الْأَكْبَرَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ غُسْلٌ .
And he-asws said: ‘Ali-asws was saying: ‘But rather, the washing is due to the great water (discharge). So when he sees in his dream, and does not see the great water (discharge), so a washing is not upon him’.[76]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ احْتَلَمَ فَلَمَّا انْتَبَهَ وَجَدَ بَلَلًا فَقَالَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مَرِيضاً فَعَلَيْهِ الْغُسْلُ .
Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazaan, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muawiya Bin Ammar,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man who bed-wetted. So, when he paid attention, he found wetness. So he-asws said: ‘It is not with anything unless he happens to be sick, then upon him would be the washing’.[77]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ تَرَى فِي الْمَنَامِ مَا يَرَى الرَّجُلُ قَالَ إِذَا أَنْزَلَتْ فَعَلَيْهَا الْغُسْلُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تُنْزِلْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا الْغُسْلُ .
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman, from Al Halby,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the woman who saw (a dream) in the sleep what the man sees’. He-asws said: ‘When she discharges, so upon her would be the washing, and if she does not discharge, so the washing is not upon her’.[78]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ تَرَى أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ يُجَامِعُهَا فِي الْمَنَامِ فِي فَرْجِهَا حَتَّى تُنْزِلَ قَالَ تَغْتَسِلُ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the woman who sees during the sleep that the man is intimate with her in her private area, until she discharges. He-asws said: ‘She should wash’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى قَالَ عَلَيْهَا غُسْلٌ وَ لَكِنْ لَا تُحَدِّثُوهُنَّ بِهَذَا فَيَتَّخِذْنَهُ عِلَّةً .
And in another report, ‘He-asws said: ‘Upon her is a washing, but she should not narrate with this (to others), so she would be seized by trouble’.[79]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَنَامُ وَ لَمْ يَرَ فِي نَوْمِهِ أَنَّهُ احْتَلَمَ فَيَجِدُ فِي ثَوْبِهِ وَ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ الْمَاءَ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ غُسْلٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the man who sleeps and does not sense in his sleep that he has bed-wet, but he finds the water to be in his clothes and upon his thigh, is there a washing upon him?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’.[80]
Appendix V: The first (menstruation (Haydh)
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْجَارِيَةِ الْبِكْرِ أَوَّلَ مَا تَحِيضُ فَتَقْعُدُ فِي الشَّهْرِ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَ فِي الشَّهْرِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ يَخْتَلِفُ عَلَيْهَا لَا يَكُونُ طَمْثُهَا فِي الشَّهْرِ عِدَّةَ أَيَّامٍ سَوَاءً قَالَ فَلَهَا أَنْ تَجْلِسَ وَ تَدَعَ الصَّلَاةَ مَا دَامَتْ تَرَى الدَّمَ مَا لَمْ تَجُزِ الْعَشَرَةَ فَإِذَا اتَّفَقَ الشَّهْرَانِ عِدَّةَ أَيَّامٍ سَوَاءً فَتِلْكَ أَيَّامُهَا .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at Bin Mihran who said,
‘I asked him-asws about the virgin girl menstruating the first time, so she sits (menstruating) during the month for two days, and during (another) month, for three days, and it is different upon her, her menstruating not occurring upon her during the month with the same number of days. He-asws said: ‘For her is that she sits (awaiting) and leaves the Salat for as long as she sees the blood, as long as she does not exceed the ten (days). So when the two months coincide with the number of days as being the same, so those are her (regular) days’.[81]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) الْمَرْأَةُ تَرَى الدَّمَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةً قَالَ تَدَعُ الصَّلَاةَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهَا تَرَى الطُّهْرَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةً قَالَ تُصَلِّي قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهَا تَرَى الدَّمَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةً قَالَ تَدَعُ الصَّلَاةَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهَا تَرَى الطُّهْرَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةً قَالَ تُصَلِّي قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهَا تَرَى الدَّمَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةً قَالَ تَدَعُ الصَّلَاةَ تَصْنَعُ مَا بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَ شَهْرٍ فَإِذَا انْقَطَعَ الدَّمُ عَنْهَا وَ إِلَّا فَهِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمُسْتَحَاضَةِ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The woman sees the blood for three or four days’. He-asws said: ‘She should leave the Salat’. I said, ‘Supposing she sees the purity for three days or four?’ He-asws said: ‘She should pray Salat’. I said, ‘Supposing she sees the blood for three days or four?’ He-asws said: ‘She should leave the Salat’. I said, ‘Supposing she sees the purity for three days or four?’ He-asws said: ‘She should pray Salat’. I said, ‘Supposing she sees the blood for three days or four?’ He-asws said: ‘She should leave the Salat. She should keep doing so for what is between her and a month. So, when the blood does get cut off from her (then fine), otherwise she would be at the status of the woman with inter-period bleeding (Istihaaza)’.[82]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ جَارِيَةٍ حَاضَتْ أَوَّلَ حَيْضِهَا فَدَامَ دَمُهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ هِيَ لَا تَعْرِفُ أَيَّامَ أَقْرَائِهَا فَقَالَ أَقْرَاؤُهَا مِثْلُ أَقْرَاءِ نِسَائِهَا فَإِنْ كَانَتْ نِسَاؤُهَا مُخْتَلِفَاتٍ فَأَكْثَرُ جُلُوسِهَا عَشَرَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَ أَقَلُّهُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, raising it, from Zur’at, from Sama’at who said,
‘I asked him-asws about a girl menstruating the first menstruation (Haydh), so the bleeding remains for three months, and she does not recognise the days of her pure period. So he-asws said: ‘Her pure period is like the pure periods of her womenfolk. So if it was such that (pure periods of) her womenfolk are different, so the most she can sit (waiting) for is for ten days, and the least is for three days’.[83]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ أَدْنَى مَا يَكُونُ مِنَ الْحَيْضِ فَقَالَ أَدْنَاهُ ثَلَاثَةٌ وَ أَبْعَدُهُ عَشَرَةٌ .
Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazaan and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, altogether from Safwan Bin Yahya who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about the least of what the menstruation (Haydh) can happen to be. So he-asws said: ‘The least is for three days, and the furthest (it can go to) is ten (days)’.[84]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ مُثَنًّى الْحَنَّاطِ عَنْ حَسَنٍ الصَّيْقَلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ الطَّامِثُ تَغْتَسِلُ بِتِسْعَةِ أَرْطَالٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Musna Al Hannat, from Hassan Al Sayqal,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The menstruating woman should wash with (at least) nine Ratls of water[85] (Approx. 4 litres of water)’.[86]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ غَيْرُهُ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ الْحَائِضِ تَرَى الطُّهْرَ وَ هِيَ فِي السَّفَرِ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ مَا يَكْفِيهَا لِغُسْلِهَا وَ قَدْ حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ مَعَهَا بِقَدْرِ مَا تَغْسِلُ بِهِ فَرْجَهَا فَتَغْسِلُهُ ثُمَّ تَتَيَمَّمُ وَ تُصَلِّي قُلْتُ فَيَأْتِيهَا زَوْجُهَا فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالِ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِذَا غَسَلَتْ فَرْجَهَا وَ تَيَمَّمَتْ فَلَا بَأْسَ .
Ali Bin Muhammad, and someone else, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Raib, from Abu Ubeyda who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the menstruating woman seeking the purity, and she is during the journey, and there is no water with her. What would suffice her for her washing, and the Salat has presented itself?’ He-asws said: ‘When it was such that there was water with her of a measure with which she can wash her private part, so she should wash it. Then she would perform Tayammum and pray Salat’. I said, ‘So can her husband come to her during that state?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes. When she has washed her private part and performed Tayammum, so there is no problem’.[87]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ الْحَائِضُ مَا بَلَغَ بَلَلُ الْمَاءِ مِنْ شَعْرِهَا أَجْزَأَهَا .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahbooub, from Abu Ayoub Al Khazzaz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The menstruating woman, whatever moisture of the water reaches from her hair, would suffice her’.[88]
أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فِي الْحَائِضِ تَغْتَسِلُ وَ عَلَى جَسَدِهَا الزَّعْفَرَانُ لَمْ يَذْهَبْ بِهِ الْمَاءُ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ .
Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Amro Bin Saeed, from Musaddaq Bin Sadaqa, from Ammar Bin Musa, from;
Abu Abdullah-asws (said) regarding the menstruating woman washing herself and upon her body is saffron, not going away with the water’. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem’.[89]
Further details on this topic are inappropriate, please read Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 5 H 2 – Alkafi Volume 3 | (hubeali.com)
Appendix VI: Etiquettes of bathhouse/ swimming pool:
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ قَالَ خَرَجَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) مِنَ الْحَمَّامِ فَتَلَبَّسَ وَ تَعَمَّمَ فَقَالَ لِي إِذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الْحَمَّامِ فَتَعَمَّمْ قَالَ فَمَا تَرَكْتُ الْعِمَامَةَ عِنْدَ خُرُوجِي مِنَ الْحَمَّامِ فِي شِتَاءٍ وَ لَا صَيْفٍ.
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Sayf Bin Ameyra who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws went out from the bathhouse, so he-asws had worn clothes and a turban. He-asws said to me: ‘Whenever you come out from the bathhouse, so wear a turban’. He (the narrator) said, ‘So I did not neglect the turban during my coming out from the bathhouse, during the winter and the summer’.[90]
سَهْلٌ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) لَا يَدْخُلِ الرَّجُلُ مَعَ ابْنِهِ الْحَمَّامَ فَيَنْظُرَ إِلَى عَوْرَتِهِ .
Sahl, raising it, said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The man should not enter the bathhouse along with his son, so that he would look at his nakedness’.[91]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) أَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( عليه السلام ) يَنْهَى عَنْ قِرَاءَةِ الْقُرْآنِ فِي الْحَمَّامِ قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا نَهَى أَنْ يَقْرَأَ الرَّجُلُ وَ هُوَ عُرْيَانٌ فَأَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ إِزَارٌ فَلَا بَأْسَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, form his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Rabi’e Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘Was Amir Al-Momineen-asws forbidding from reciting the Quran in the bathhouse?’ He-asws said: ‘No, but rather he-asws had forbidden that the man should be reciting whilst he is naked. So when there was a trouser upon him, so there is no problem’.[92]
Appendix VII: Cleanliness and Hygiene:
Washing hands is mandatory after waking up:
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الشَّيْخَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَسْتَيْقِظُ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ وَ لَمْ يَبُلْ أَ يُدْخِلُ يَدَهُ فِي الْإِنَاءِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْسِلَهَا قَالَ لَا لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَدْرِي أَيْنَ كَانَتْ يَدُهُ فَلْيَغْسِلْهَا .
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Baseer, from Abdul Kareem Bin Utba who said,
‘I asked the ‘Sheykh-asws’ about the man who wakes up from his sleep and did not urinate, ‘Can he enter his hand into the vessel/pot before he washes it?’ He-asws said: ‘No, because he does not know where his hand was, therefore he should wash it (first)’.[93]
Manners of cleaning after using toilet:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْغَائِطَ فَقَضَيْتَ الْحَاجَةَ فَلَمْ تُهَرِقِ الْمَاءَ ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأْتَ وَ نَسِيتَ أَنْ تَسْتَنْجِيَ فَذَكَرْتَ بَعْدَ مَا صَلَّيْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ الْإِعَادَةُ وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ أَهْرَقْتَ الْمَاءَ فَنَسِيتَ أَنْ تَغْسِلَ ذَكَرَكَ حَتَّى صَلَّيْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ إِعَادَةُ الْوُضُوءِ وَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ غَسْلُ ذَكَرِكَ لِأَنَّ الْبَوْلَ لَيْسَ مِثْلَ الْبَرَازِ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Zur’at, from Sama’at who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Whenever you enter the toilet and fulfil your need, but did not spill the water (upon the pack part), then you perform Ablution (Wudhu) and forget that you should be cleansing yourself, and if you remember after have prayed Salat, so upon you is the repeating (of the Salat); and if it was so that you did spill the water (upon the back part), but you forgot to wash your manhood, so upon you is the repeating of the Ablution (Wudhu), and the Salat, and the washing of your manhood, because the urine is not like the faeces’.[94]
When one cannot find water in a toilet:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) رَجُلٌ بَالَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهُ مَاءٌ فَقَالَ يَعْصِرُ أَصْلَ ذَكَرِهِ إِلَى طَرَفِهِ ثَلَاثَ عَصَرَاتٍ وَ يَنْتُرُ طَرَفَهُ فَإِنْ خَرَجَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ الْبَوْلِ وَ لَكِنَّهُ مِنَ الْحَبَائِلِ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘A man urinates and there does not happen to be water with him’. So he-asws said: ‘He should squeeze the base of his manhood to its tip, three squeezes, and jerk its tip. So if something were to come out after that, so it would not be from the urine, but it is from the sexual veins’ (which is not Najis – unclean).[95]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَبِي دَاوُدَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ رَجُلٍ بَالَ ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأَ وَ قَامَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَوَجَدَ بَلَلًا قَالَ لَا يَتَوَضَّأُ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْحَبَائِلِ .
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad and Abu Dawood, altogether from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Al A’ala, from Ibn Abu Yafour who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about a man who urinates, then he performs Ablution (Wudhu) and stands for the Prayer, so he finds wetness. He-asws said: ‘He would not perform Ablution (Wudhu). But rather, that is from the sexual veins’ (which is not Najis – unclean).[96]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فَقَالَ رُبَّمَا بُلْتُ وَ لَمْ أَقْدِرْ عَلَى الْمَاءِ وَ يَشْتَدُّ عَلَيَّ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِذَا بُلْتَ وَ تَمَسَّحْتَ فَامْسَحْ ذَكَرَكَ بِرِيقِكَ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتَ شَيْئاً فَقُلْ هَذَا مِنْ ذَاكَ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hanan Bin Sadeyr who said,
‘I heard a man ask Abu Abdullah-asws, so he said, ‘Sometimes I urinate and I am not able upon the water, and that is difficult upon me’. So he-asws said: ‘When you have urinated, so wipe your manhood with your saliva. So if you were to find something, so say, ‘It is from that (saliva)’.[97]
Brushing Teeth:
عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ رَكْعَتَانِ بِالسِّوَاكِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ رَكْعَةً بِغَيْرِ سِوَاكٍ
Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, altogether from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Ashary, from Abdullah Bin Maymoun Al Qaddah,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Two Cycles (of Salat) with brushing the teeth is superior than seventy Cycles (of Salat) without brushing the teeth’.
قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) لَوْ لَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ بِالسِّوَاكِ مَعَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ .
He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Had it not been difficult upon my-saww community, I-saww would have ordered them with the brushing of the teeth along with every Salat’.[98]
عَلِيٌّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ أَدْنَى السِّوَاكِ أَنْ تَدْلُكَ بِإِصْبَعِكَ .
Ali, by his chain,
He-asws said, ‘The lowest of the brushing of the teeth is that you rub with your finger’.[99]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بُنْدَارَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الْأَحْمَرِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي سَمَّاكٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) إِذَا قُمْتَ بِاللَّيْلِ فَاسْتَكْ فَإِنَّ الْمَلَكَ يَأْتِيكَ فَيَضَعُ فَاهُ عَلَى فِيكَ وَ لَيْسَ مِنْ حَرْفٍ تَتْلُوهُ وَ تَنْطِقُ بِهِ إِلَّا صَعِدَ بِهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَلْيَكُنْ فُوكَ طَيِّبَ الرِّيحِ .
Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Bundar, from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Ahmar, from Abdullah Bin Hammad, from Abu Bakr Bin Abu Sammak who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Whenever you stand (for the Salat) at night, so brush your teeth for the Angel comes to you, so he places his mouth upon your mouth, and there is none from the letters you recite and speak with except that he ascends with it to the sky, therefore let your mouth be with good aroma’.[100]
[1] 51:56
[2] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Aqeeqa Ch 1 H 8
[3] الكافي (ط – الإسلامية)، ج2، ص: 18, Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 13 H 5,
[4] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book of Salāt CH 63 H 1
[5] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Aqeeqa Ch 33 H 6
[6] Manla YahzarulFaqih, tradition 4505.
[7] Manla YahzarulFaqih, tradition 4508.
[8] Manla YahzarulFaqih, tradition 863.
[9] الكافي ج : 6 ص : 48, H. 3
[10] Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Marriage Ch 164 H 3 , Hadith is referring to the Holy Verse: O you who believe! Let those whom your right hands possess and those of you who have not attained to puberty ask permission from you three times[24:58].
[11] Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Marriage Ch 167 H 2
[12] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 43 H 22
[13] Rasool-Allahsaww said: No man is alone with a woman except that Satan is the third one present.
[14] الكافي (ط – الإسلامية)، ج5، ص: 525, H. 2.
[15] الكافي (ط – الإسلامية)، ج5، ص: 528, H. 1.
[16] Mustadrak Ul Wasail Vol 1 Hadees No 1003
[17] A nation who disobeyed Allahazwj and were destroyed by Allahazwj’s wrath.
[18] Mustadrak Ul Wasail, Vol 2, Hadees No 1659
[19] AL-KAFI .V-7.PG-316, FAQI V.4 P.150,TAHZEEB V 10 P.250
[20] AL-KAFI V-7 P-272. TAHZEEB V-10 P-160
[21] الكافي (ط – الإسلامية) ؛ ج5 ؛ ص552, H. 4.
[22] منلايحضرهالفقيه 1 120
[23] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 46 H 4
[24] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 46 H 1
[25] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 45 H 11
[26] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 45 H 8
[27] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 36 H 1
[28] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 40 H 1
[29] من لا يحضره الفقيه، ج1، ص: 36, Manla YahzarulFaqih, Vol 1- H. 74[29]
[30] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 41 H 1
[31] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 41 H 2
[32] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 41 H 3
[33] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 40 H 1
[34] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 29 H 3
[35] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 29 H 4
[36] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 33 H 1
[37] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 33 H 2
[38] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 33 H 3
[39] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 33 H 4
[40] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 33 H 5
[41] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 33 H 6
[42] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 33 H 7
[43] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 33 H 8
[44] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 33 H 9
[45] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 33 H 10
[46] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 46, The book of History – Ja’far Al Sadiqasws, Ch 5 H 176 b
[47] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 1 H 1
[48] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 7 H 4
[49] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 18 H 1
[50] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 19 H 1
[51] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 19 H 3
[52] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 19 H 5
[53] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 20 H 1
[54] الكافي ج : 2 ص : 536, Hadith 2.
[55] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 49 H 5
[56] Toufa tul Aqool page 172 and بحارالأنوار ج : 74 ص : 414
[57] Al Kafi – V 7 – The Book of Legal Penalties Ch 20 H 1
[58] Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Marriage Ch 106 H 5
[59] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Aqeeqa Ch 33 H 3
[60] الكافي ج : 6 ص : 48, H. 5
[61] الكافي ج : 6 ص : 48, H. 4
[62] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 14 H 1
[63] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 14 H 6
[64] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 14 H 9
[65] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 26 H 1
[66] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 26 H 2
[67] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 23 H 2
[68] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 46 H 4
[69] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 36 H 6
[70] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 28 H 7
[71] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book Of Funerals CH 30 H 1
[72] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book of Salāt CH 67 H 5
[73] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book of Salāt CH 67 H 9
[74] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Foodstuffs Ch 44 H 3
[75] نهجالبلاغة ص : 536, saying no. 352.
[76] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 31 H 1
[77] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 31 H 2
[78] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 31 H 5
[79] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 31 H 6
[80] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 31 H 7
[81] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 5 H 1
[82] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 5 H 2
[83] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 5 H 3
[84] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 2 H 3
[85] one Ratl = 450 gms.
[86] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 7 H 2
[87] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 7 H 3
[88] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 7 H 4
[89] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Menstruation (Haydh) Ch 7 H 5
[90] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 43 H 17
[91] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 43 H 23
[92] Al Kafi – V 6 – The Book of Outfits and the Beautification and the Magnanimity Ch 43 H 32
[93] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 8 H 2
[94] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 12 H 17
[95] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 13 H 1
[96] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 13 H 2
[97] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 13 H 4
[98] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 15 H 1
[99] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 15 H 5
[100] Al Kafi – V 3 – The Book of Cleanliness Ch 15 H 7