CHAPTER 25
AL-FURQAN
(The Decisive)
(77 VERSES)
VERSES 1 to 31
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ
Brief Introduction of Al-Furqan (25):
Sura Al-Furqan (77 verses) was revealed in Makkah.[1] The name of Sura 25 comes from the 25:1, ‘الْفُرْقانَ’ (Furqan) The Decisive – Abu Abdullah-asws (6th Imam) was asked about the Quran and the Furqan, are these two (different) things, or the one and the same?’ He-asws said: ‘The Quran – Is the total Book, and the Furqan, is the Decisive, the Obligatory to be acted (in accordance) with it’.[2]
From Umm Hany daughter of Abu Talib-as, she said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Manifested Al-Islam upon my-saww hands, and Revealed Al-Furqan upon me-saww, and Opened the Kabah upon my-saww hands, and Merited me-saww over the entirety of His-azwj creatures, and Made me-saww in the world chief of the children of Adam-as, and in the Hereafter adornment of the Qiyamah.
And He-azwj Prohibited the entry of the Prophets-as into the Paradise until I-saww enter it, and Prohibited it unto the communities until my-saww community enters it, and Made the Caliphate to be among the People-asws of my-saww Household from after me-saww up to the Blowing into the Trumpet, so the one who disbelieves in what I-saww am saying so he has disbelieve in Allah-azwj the Magnificent’’.[3]
And it is reported from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Jibraeel-as descended with this Verse like this, and said: And the ones unjust to Progeny of Muhammad of their rights say, ‘You are only following a man bewitched!’ [25:8]’’.[4]
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The night and the day are of twelve hours, and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is the noblest from those twelve Hours, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: But they are belying the Hour, and We have Prepared a Blazing Fire for the one belies the Hour [25:11]’’.[5]
‘His-azwj Words were Revealed: But they are belying the Hour, [25:11] – meaning they belied with the Wilayah of Ali-asws, and it is reported from Al-Reza-asws’’.[6]
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: But they are belying the Hour, and We have Prepared a Blazing Fire for the one belies the Hour [25:11]’. He-asws said to me: ‘Allah-azwj Created the year as being of twelve months, and Made the night to be of twelve hours, and Made the day to be of twelve hours, and from us-asws there are twelve Muhaddith(s) (ones narrated to by Allah-azwj, and Amir Al-Momineen-asws was an hour from those hours’’.[7]
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws (7th Imam) has reported: ‘‘Rasool-Allah-saww gathered Amir Al- Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, then locked the door, so he-saww said: ‘O my-saww people and the people of Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Conveys the Greetings to you-asws. And this here is Jibraeel-as in the house with you-asws and he-as is saying that: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: “I-azwj have Made your-asws enemies to be a trial for you-asws, so what are you-asws saying?
‘They-asws said: ‘We-asws shall be patient – O Rasool-Allah-saww – for the Command of Allah-azwj, and whatever Descends from His-azwj Judgement, until we-asws proceed to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and we-asws shall sincerely complete His-azwj Reward, and we-asws have heard it that in patience is all goodness’.
Rasool-Allah-saww cried to the extent that his-saww wailing was heard from outside the house. Then this Verse was Revealed: and We Made some of you a Fitna for some. Will you be patient? And your Lord was Ever-Seeing [25:20]. They-asws would be observing patience, and they did observe patience just as they-asws had said’’.[8]
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And We will proceed to what they have done of a deed, so We shall Make it as scattered floating dust [25:23]. He-asws said: ‘But, by Allah-azwj! Even though their deeds were to be more intensely brighter than the tapestry but whenever a Prohibited presented to them, they did not leave it’’.[9]
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about Words of Allah-azwj: And on the Day the sky shall rent asunder with the clouds, [25:25]. He-asws said: ‘The ‘clouds’ is (a reference to) Amir Al-Momineen-asws’’.[10]
Tafseer Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) – ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘‘There is none from a servant nor from a maid who gave allegiance to Amir-Al-Momineen-asws in the apparent, and broke it in the hidden, and stood upon being hypocritical to him-asws – except that when the Angel of death comes to capture his soul – Iblees-la and his-la assistants are resembled for him.
And the Fires and the types of its Punishments are resembles for his sight, and his heart, and his seat from its narrowness. And there are resembled for him as well, the Gardens and its houses therein – had he remained upon his Eman and been loyal with his allegiance.
So, the Angel of death is saying to him, ‘Look! Those are the Gardens which cannot be measured, the extent if its extensiveness, and its joys and its pleasures, except by Allah-azwj, Lord-azwj of the worlds. These had been prepared for you, if only you had remained upon the Wilayah of the brother-asws Muhammad-saww, Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj, your destination would have been to it on the day of Decisive Judgment.
But you broke (the allegiance) and opposed, therefore those Fires and the verities of its Punishments, and the its Zabaniyya (Angels of Hell), and their hammers, and its open-mouthed serpents, and its scorpions with their pointed tails, and its predators their long tentacles, and the rest of the types of its Punishments, it for you and to it is your destination.
So, during that he would be saying, Alas! If only I had grabbed hold of the way along with (leading to) the Rasool [25:27], by accepting whatever he-asws had ordered me for and necessitated the friendship of Ali-asws what was necessitated upon me’’.[11]
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws (6th Imam) having said: ‘Words of Mighty and Majestic: And on the Day, the unjust one would bite upon his hand saying, ‘O I wish I had taken Sabeel along with the Rasool!’ [25:27] – meaning Ali-asws bin Abu Talib-asws (as a successor to the Prophet-saww)’’.[12]
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘By Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj did not Teknonym in His-azwj Book until He-azwj Said: Oh! I wish I had not taken so and so as a friend! [25:28], and rather it (name) is in the Parchment (Quran) of Ali-asws as: ‘Oh! I wish I had not taken the second (Umar) as a friend! [25:28]’, and one day it will appear’’ (further explanation in the Holy Verse 25:28).[13]
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: And on the Day, the unjust one would bite upon his hand saying, ‘O I wish I had taken Sabeel along with the Rasool!’ [25:27] Oh! I wish I had not taken so and so as a friend! [25:28]. He-asws said: ‘The first one (Abu Bakr) would be saying to the second (Umar)’’.[14]
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said in a sermon of his-asws: And about me-asws, two miserable ones (first and second) before me-asws disputed with me-asws regarding that in which they had no rights over it, and they rode its misguidance, and believed in the ignorance. So evil is what was to them, what they returned to, and evil is what they made as a cradle for themselves. They cursed each other in their own houses, and each one of them distanced himself from his companion saying to him when he met him, ‘Oh! If only between me and you was the distance of the east and the west!’ So evil is the associate [43:38]’.
So evil is the friend who answered him, the miserable one upon his ragged condition, Oh! I wish I had not taken so and so as a friend! [25:28] He strayed me away from the Zikr after when it had come to me; and the Satan has always abandoned the human being! [25:29]’.
So, I-asws am the Zikr from which he went astray, and the Way from which he deviated, and the Eman which he denied, and the Quran from which he fled, and the Religion which he belied, and the Path from which he digressed’ – up to the end of the sermon transmitted in Al-Rowza (Al-Kafi V 8)’’.[15]
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘O Mufazzal! The Quran has been Revealed during thirteen years, and Allah-azwj Says: The Month of Ramazan is that in which the Quran was Revealed, [2:185]; and Said: Surely, We Revealed during a Blessed Night. Surely, We are ever Warning [44:3] During it, every wise matter is made distinct [44:4] As a Command from Us. Surely, We are ever Sending [44:5]; and Said: ‘Why wasn’t the Quran Revealed unto him all at once?’ Like that, We Affirmed your heart with it, and We Arranged it (to be Revealed) gradually [25:32]’.
Al-Mufazzal said, ‘O my Master-asws! So, this is its Revelation which Allah-azwj has Mentioned in His-azwj book, and how was the Revelation manifest during thirteen years?’
He-asws said: ‘Yes, O Mufazzal! Allah-azwj Gave him-saww the Quran during the month of Ramazan, and it was not delivered to him-saww except in a time deserving the Address, and he-saww did not fulfil it except in a time of Commanding and Prohibition. Jibraeel-as, may the greetings be upon him-as, descended with the Revelation, so he-saww delivered what he-saww had been Commanded with, and His-azwj Words: Do not move your tongue with it in order to hasten with it [75:16]’.
Al-Mufazzal said, ‘I testify that you (Imams-asws) have learned from Knowledge of Allah-azwj and are Enabled with His-azwj Power, and you-asws are speaking with His-azwj Wisdom, and are teaching by His-azwj Command’’.[16]
A man asked Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws about the dwellers of the Al-Rass [25:38], those whom Allah-azwj Mentioned, ‘Who are they? And who are they from? And which people were they?’ He-asws said: ‘There were two ‘Raas’s. See the Hadeeth in the Appendix I.
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: and each one We Wasted with a Destruction [25:39], he-asws said: ‘It Means, We-azwj Broke down with a breaking’. He-asws said: ‘It (happened) at Nabatiyya’’ (a nation which were originated the idols Al-‘Uzzá, Al-Lat, and Manāt which were later adopted by polytheist of Makkah)[17].[18]
Imam Husayn-asws, answer a questioner!’ And as for your words, ‘The Nasnaas’, so they are the vast majority’ – and he-asws gestured by his-asws hand towards a group of the people, then said: They are nothing except like cattle; but, they are more straying from the way [25:44]’’.[19]
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Jibraeel-as Revealed with this Verse like this: but most of the people from your community refused the Wilayah of Ali but they committed Kufr [25:50]’’.[20]
NB: – Currently the Verse stands as: And We have Explained it between them for them to be mindful (of the Zikr), but most of the people refused except they committed Kufr [25:50].
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj: And the servants of the Beneficent are those who walk on the earth humbly, [25:63], he-asws said: ‘The Imams-asws are walking upon the earth humbly, fearing from their-asws enemies’’.[21]
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And the servants of the Beneficent are those who walk on the earth humbly, and when the ignorant one address them, they say, ‘Peace!’ [25:63] And those who spend the night in Sajdah to their Lord, and standing [25:64]. He-asws said: ‘They are the Imams-asws fearing during their-asws walking upon the earth’’.[22]
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And the servants of the Beneficent are those who walk on the earth humbly, [25:63]. He-asws said: ‘They are the successors-asws, from fearing their-asws enemies’’.[23]
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The Quran has Named them-asws in most excellent examples, meaning family-asws of the Prophet-saws. this one (family) fresh, sweet, – so drink – and this one (enemies) salty, bitter; [25:53] – so keep away’’.[24]
‘It is narrated from Amir Al-Momineen-asws, regarding the Words of the Exalted: And He is the One Who Made the night and the day in succession (to each other), for the one who intends to do Zikr or intends gratefulness [25:62], this means that this is the replacement for someone who wants to remember an obligation that he forgot, or slept through, or wants to show gratitude.[25]
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj: And the servants of the Beneficent are those who walk on the earth humbly, [25:63], he-asws said: ‘The Imams-asws are walking upon the earth humbly, fearing from their-asws enemies’’.[26]
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said to me: ‘Don’t you know that Allah-azwj Dislikes the extravagance and Dislikes the wastage? He-azwj Said: ‘And those, when they spend, are not being extravagant and are not miserly, and are moderate between that [25:67]’’.[27]
‘I recited unto Abu Abdullah-asws this Verse: Except one who repents, and believes, and does righteous deeds, so those ones, Allah would Replace their evil deeds with good deeds, [25:70], so he-asws said: ‘This is regarding you (Shias).
They will come with the sinful Momin on the Day of Judgment until they pause him in front of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and He-azwj will be the One-azwj Who will be in Charge of his Reckoning. Then he will be paused upon his evil deeds, thing by thing, and He-azwj will be Saying: “You did such during such a day during such a time!” He would say, ‘I recognise, O Lord-azwj!’’
He-asws said: ‘Until they will pause him upon his evil deeds, all of them, for all of that he will be saying, ‘I recognise’. He-azwj will Say: “I-azwj Veiled these upon you in the world, and today I-azwj Forgive these for you. Replace these for My-azwj servant with good deeds!”’
He-asws said: ‘His parchment will be raised for the people and they would be saying, ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! Wasn’t there even a single evil deed for this servant?’ And these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: so those ones, Allah would Replace their evil deeds with good deeds, [25:70]’’.[28], See, a similar Hadeeth in the Appendix II.
And similar to it, And those who are saying, ‘Our Lord! Grant to us from our wives and our offspring, delight of our eyes, and Make us Imams for the pious [25:74]. Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘They asked Allah-azwj to a mighty thing that He-azwj should make them as Imams of the pious! But rather, Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty Revealed: And those who are saying, ‘Our Lord! Grant to us from our wives and our offspring, delight of our eyes, and Make for us Imams for the pious [25:74]’.[29]
(The book) ‘Al-Manaqib’, from Saeed Bin Jubeyr regarding Words of the Exalted: And those who are saying, ‘Our Lord! Grant to us from our wives and our offspring, [25:74] – the Verse. He said, ‘This Verse, by Allah-azwj, is especially for Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws. He-asws was frequently saying in his-asws supplications: ‘Our Lord! Grant to us from our wives – meaning (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and our offspring, Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, delight of our eyes, [25:74].
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws did not ask my-asws Lord-azwj for a son of a beautiful face, nor a son of excellent stature, but I-asws asked my-asws Lord-azwj for a son obedient to Allah-azwj, fearing, apprehensive from Him-azwj, until when I-asws looked at him and he is obedient to Allah-azwj, my-asws eyes would be delighted by him’.
He-azwj Said, ‘and Make us Imams for the pious [25:74], he said, ‘We follow the pious ones before us so the pious ones would follow us from after us. And Said: Those would be Recompensed with chambers for what they had been patient upon, – meaning Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and they would be met therein with greetings and salutations [25:75] Abiding eternally therein. Excellent is the abode and the resting place [25:76]’’.[30]
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about His-azwj Words: And those who are saying, ‘Our Lord! Grant to us from our wives and our offspring, delight of our eyes, and Make us Imams for the pious [25:74]. He-asws said: ‘We-asws, People-asws of the Household, are they’’.
And others reported – our wives – (Syeda) Khadeeja-asws, and our offspring, – (Syeda) Fatima-asws, delight of our eyes, – Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and Make us Imams for the pious [25:74] – Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’. [31]
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘A friend of ours-asws is a friend of Allah-azwj. When he dies, he would be among the lofty friends, and Allah-azwj would Quench him from a river colder than the ice, and sweeter than the honey’. It was asked: And even if he was a sinner?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes. Did you not read the Book of Allah-azwj: those ones, Allah would Replace their evil deeds with good deeds, and Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful [25:70]’’.[32]
‘I asked Al-Reza-asws about the listening (to songs). He-asws said: ‘For people of Al-Hijaz there is a view regarding it, and it is in the realm of the falsehood and the amusement. Have you not heard Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Saying: ‘And those who are not witnessing the falsities, and when they pass by the vanities, they pass by nobly [25:72]’’.[33]
MERITS
ابن بابويه: بإسناده عن إسحاق بن عمار، عن أبي الحسن (عليه السلام)، قال: «يا ابن عمار، لا تدع قراءة سورة تبارك الذي نزل الفرقان على عبده، فإن من قرأها في كل ليلة، لم يعذبه الله أبدا، و لم يحاسبه، و كان منزله في الفردوس الأعلى
Ibn Babuwayh, by his chain, from Is’haq Bin Amaar,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘O Ibn Amar! Do not leave the recitation of the Chapter: Blessed is He Who Revealed the Furqan unto His servant for him to be a warner to the worlds [25:1] (Chapter 25), for the one who recites it during every night, Allah-azwj would never Punish him, ever, and would not Reckon with him, and his status would be in the Elevated Firdows (A Garden in Paradise)’.[34]
ومن (خواص القرآن): روي عن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) أنه قال: «من قرأ هذه السورة بعثه الله يوم القيامة و هو موقن أن الساعة آتية لا ريب فيها، و دخل الجنة بغير حساب،
And from (the book) Khawas Al Quran –
‘It is reported from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘One who recites this Chapter, Allah-azwj would Resurrected him on the Day of Judgment and he would be certain that the Hour would come there being no doubt in it, and he would enter the Paradise without Reckoning.
و من كتبها و علقها عليه ثلاثة أيام لم يركب جملا و لا دابة إلا ماتت بعد ركوبه بثلاثة أيام، فإن وطئ زوجته و هي حامل طرحت ولدها في ساعته، و إن دخل على قوم بينهم بيع و شراء لم يتم لهم ذلك، و فسد ما كان بينهم، و لم يتراضوا على ما كان بينهم من بيع و شراء
And one who writes it and hangs it upon himself (as an amulet) for three days, would neither ride a camel nor an animal except it would die after his riding it, within three days; and if he copulates with his wife and she is pregnant, her child would miscarry during its time; and if he enters upon a group between whom there is selling and buying, that would not be completed for them, and it would spoil whatever was between them, and there would not agree upon whatever was between them from selling and buying’’.[35]
VERSE 1
تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي نَزَّلَ الْفُرْقَانَ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ لِيَكُونَ لِلْعَالَمِينَ نَذِيرًا {1}
Blessed is He Who Revealed the Furqan unto His servant for him to be a warner to the worlds [25:1]
محمد بن يعقوب: عن علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن ابن سنان، عمن ذكره، قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (عليه السلام) عن القرآن و الفرقان، أ هما شيئان، أو شيء واحد؟ فقال (عليه السلام): «القرآن: جملة الكتاب، و الفرقان: المحكم الواجب العمل به
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Sinan, from the one who mentioned who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Quran and the Furqan, are these two (different) things, or one thing?’ So he-asws said: ‘The Quran – Is the total Book, and the Furqan, is the Decisive, the Obligatory to be acted (in accordance) with it’.[36]
المفيد في (الاختصاص) في حديث مسائل عبد الله بن سلام لرسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) قال: فأخبرني، هل أنزل الله عليك كتابا؟ قال: «نعم» قال: و أي كتاب هو؟ قال: الفرقان». قال: و لم سماه ربك فرقانا؟
Al-Mufeed, in Al-Ikhtisas –
‘In a question of Abdullah Bin Salam to Rasool-Allah-saww, he said, ‘So inform me, did Allah-azwj Sent down a Book upon you-saww?’ He-saww said; ‘Yes’. He said, ‘And which Book is it?’ He-saww said: ‘The Furqan’. He said, ‘And why is it called the Furqan?’
قال: «لأنه متفرق الآيات و السور، انزل في غير الألواح، و غيره من الصحف، و التوراة، و الإنجيل، و الزبور، أنزلت كلها جملة في الألواح و الأوراق»، قال: صدقت، يا محمد
He-saww said: ‘Because of the separate (Farriq) Verses and the Chapters, other than being Revealed in Tablets and Parchments, while the Torah, and the Evangel, and the Psalms, all of these were Revealed in their entirety in Tablets and the Parchments’. He said, ‘You-saww speak the truth, O Muhammad-saww!’’ [37]
VERSES 2 & 3
الَّذِي لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَلَمْ يَتَّخِذْ وَلَدًا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ شَرِيكٌ فِي الْمُلْكِ وَخَلَقَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ فَقَدَّرَهُ تَقْدِيرًا {2}
The One for Whom is the Kingdom of the skies and the earth, and He did not Take a son, and there is no associate for Him in the Kingdom, and He Created all things, so He Ordained a Determination (for it) [25:2]
وَاتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِهِ آلِهَةً لَا يَخْلُقُونَ شَيْئًا وَهُمْ يُخْلَقُونَ وَلَا يَمْلِكُونَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ ضَرًّا وَلَا نَفْعًا وَلَا يَمْلِكُونَ مَوْتًا وَلَا حَيَاةً وَلَا نُشُورًا {3}
And they are taking gods from besides Him who are not creating anything while they are Created, nor are they controlling for themselves a harm nor a benefit, and are neither controlling death nor life nor Resurrection [25:3]
فِي عُيُونِ الْأَخْبَارِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَسْالُهُ عَنْ أَفْعَالِ الْعِبَادِ أَ مَخْلُوقَةٌ أَمْ غَيْرُ مَخْلُوقَةٍ؟ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَفْعَالُ الْعِبَادِ مُقَدَّرَةٌ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ خَلْقِ الْعِبَادِ بِأَلْفَيْ عَامٍ
And in (the book) Uyoon Al Akhbar, by his chain up to Hamdan Bin Suleyman who said,
‘I wrote to Al-Reza-asws about the deeds of the servants, ‘Are they creations or nor creations?’ So he-asws wrote back: ‘The deeds of the servants were Ordained in the Knowledge of Allah-azwj before He-azwj Created the creatures by two thousand years’’.[38]
وَ فِيهِ فِي بَابِ مَا كَتَبَهُ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِلْمَأْمُونِ مِنْ مَحْضِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ شَرَائِعِ الدِّينِ وَ أَنَّ أَفْعَالَ الْعِبَادِ مَخْلُوقَةٌ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى، خَلْقَ تَقْدِيرٍ لَا خَلْقَ تَكْوِينٍ، وَ اللَّهُ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَ لَا نَقُولُ بِالْجَبْرِ وَ التَّفْوِيضِ
And in it (Uyoon Al-Akhbar), in the chapter of what Al-Reza-asws wrote to Al-Mamoun, about the pure Islam and the Laws of the Religion: ‘And surely the deeds of the servants are creations of Allah-azwj. He-azwj Created the Ordainment, not Created the configuration, and Allah-azwj is the Creator of all things, and we-asws are saying with the compulsion and the delegation’’.[39]
وَ فِيهِ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدَّرَ الْمَقَادِيرَ وَ دَبَّرَ التَّدْبِيرَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ آدَمَ بِأَلْفَيْ عَامٍ
And in it (Uyoon Al Akhbar) –
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Surely Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Determined the measurements and Organised the management before He-azwj Created Adam-as, by two thousand years’’.[40]
فِي كِتَابِ الْخِصَالِ مَرْفُوعٌ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: الْأَعْمَالُ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَحْوَالٍ فَرَائِضُ وَ فَضَائِلُ وَ مَعَاصِي، أَمَّا الْفَرَائِضُ فَبِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ بِرِضَاءِ اللَّهِ وَ بِقَضَاءِ اللَّهِ وَ تَقْدِيرِهِ وَ مَشِيَّتِهِ وَ عِلْمِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
In the book Al Khisaal –
‘Raising it up to Ali-asws having said: ‘The deeds are upon three states – Obligations, and the meritorious, and the disobedience. As for the Obligations, to these are with the Command of Allah-azwj, and by the Pleasure of Allah-azwj, and by the Judgment of Allah-azwj, and His-azwj Determination, and His-azwj Desire, and His-azwj Knowledge, Mighty and Majestic.
وَ أَمَّا الْفَضَائِلُ فَلَيْسَ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ لَكِنْ بِرِضَاءِ اللَّهِ وَ بِقَضَاءِ اللَّهِ وَ بِمَشِيَّةِ اللَّهِ وَ بِعِلْمِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى
And as for the meritorious, so it isn’t by the Command of Allah-azwj, but by the Pleasure of Allah-azwj, and by Judgment of Allah-azwj, and by Desire of Allah-azwj, and by Knowledge of Allah-azwj the Exalted.
وَ أَمَّا الْمَعَاصِي فَلَيْسَتْ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ لَكِنْ بِقَضَاءِ اللَّهِ وَ بِقَدَرِ اللَّهِ وَ بِمَشِيَّتِهِ وَ بِعِلْمِهِ ثُمَّ يُعَاقِبُ عَلَيْهَا
And as for the disobedience – so it isn’t by the Command of Allah-azwj, but it is by Judgment of Allah-azwj, and by Determination of Allah-azwj, and by His-azwj Desire, and by His-azwj Knowledge. Then He-azwj Punishes upon these’’.[41]
فِي تَفْسِيرِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ قَالَ: قَالَ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: تَدْرِي مَا التَّقْدِيرُ؟ قُلْتُ: لَا قَالَ: هُوَ وَضْعُ الْحُدُودِ مِنَ الْآجَالِ وَ الْأَرْزَاقِ وَ الْبَقَاءِ وَ الْفَنَاءِ، تَدْرِي مَا الْقَضَاءُ؟ قُلْتُ: لَا قَالَ: هُوَ إِقَامَةُ الْعَيْن
In the Tafeer of Ali Bin Ibrahim – ‘It is narrated to me by Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Yunus who said,
‘Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Do you know what the Ordainment is?’ I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘It is the Placing of the limits from the terms, and the sustenance(s), and the remaining, and the perishing. Do you know what the Judgment is?’ I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘It is the establishment of the fact’’.[42]
VERSES 4 – 6
وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا إِفْكٌ افْتَرَاهُ وَأَعَانَهُ عَلَيْهِ قَوْمٌ آخَرُونَ ۖ فَقَدْ جَاءُوا ظُلْمًا وَزُورًا {4}
And those who commit Kufr are saying, ‘Surely, this is only a lie. He fabricated it and he is being assisted upon it by other people, so they have come with injustice and falsehood’ [25:4]
وَقَالُوا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ اكْتَتَبَهَا فَهِيَ تُمْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِ بُكْرَةً وَأَصِيلًا {5}
And they are saying, ‘Stories of the former ones! He had these written out, and these are being dictated to him (in the) morning and evening’ [25:5]
قُلْ أَنْزَلَهُ الَّذِي يَعْلَمُ السِّرَّ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَحِيمًا {6}
Say: ‘He Revealed it, the One Who Knows the secrets in the skies and the earth. He was always Forgiving, Merciful [25:6]
ثم قال علي بن إبراهيم، و في رواية أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، في قوله: إِلَّا إِفْكٌ افْتَراهُ قال: «الإفك: الكذب وَ أَعانَهُ عَلَيْهِ قَوْمٌ آخَرُونَ يعنون أبا فكيهة، و حبرا ، و عداسا، و عابسا مولى حويطب
Then Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘And in a report of Abu Al-Jaroud,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: ‘Surely this is only a lie. He fabricated it [25:4], he-asws said: ‘Al-Ifak (الإفك) – is the lie, and he is being assisted upon it by other people – meaning Abu Fakeyhat, and Habra, and Adasa, and Abasa the slave of Huweytab.
و قوله: أَساطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ اكْتَتَبَها فهو قول النضر بن الحارث بن علقمة بن كلدة، قال: أساطير الأولين اكتتبها محمد، فهي تملى عليه بكرة و أصيلا
And His-azwj Words: ‘Stories of the former ones! He had these written out – This is the speech of Al-Nazar Bin Al-Haris Bin Alqama Bin Kaldat who said, ‘Stories of the former ones! He had these written out, and these are being dictated to him (in the) morning and evening’ [25:5]’.[43]
Background Hadeeth – Conversion to Islam by Adaas
عمر بن إبراهيم الأوسي: قيل: إن رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) لما مات أبو طالب، لج المشركون في أذيته، فصار يعرض نفسه على القبائل بالإسلام، و الإيمان، فلم يأت أحدا من القبائل إلا صده و رده
Umar Bin Ibrahim Al Awsy –
‘It is said that Rasool-Allah-saww, when Abu Talib-asws passed away, the Polytheists persisted in harming him-saww. So, he-saww came and presented himself-saww to the tribes with the Islam and the Eman, but no one from the tribes came except that he blocked him-saww and rejected him-saww.
فقال بعضهم: قوم الرجل أعلم به، أ ترون أن رجلا يصلحنا، و هو قد أفسد قومه؟
One of them said, ‘The people of the man-saww are more knowing regarding him-saww. Are you viewing that a man would guide us and he-saww has misled his-saww own people?’
فعمد إلى ثقيف بالطائف، فوجد ساداتهم جلوسا، و هم ثلاثة اخوة، فعرض عليهم الإسلام، و حذرهم من النار، و غضب الجبار، فقال بعضهم: أنا أسرق ثياب الكعبة، إن كان بعثك الله نبيا. قال آخر: يا محمد، أعجز الله أن يرسل غيرك
He-saww headed to Saqeef at Al-Ta’if, and he-saww found their chiefs seated in a gathering, and they were three brothers. He-saww presented Al-Islam to them and warned them of the Fire and the Wrath of the Compeller. One of them said, ‘I tend to steal clothes (drapes) of the Kabah, if it was Allah-azwj Who Sent you-saww’. The other one said, ‘O Muhammad-saww! Is Allah-azwj Frustrated from Sending anyone apart from you-saww!’
و قال الآخر: لا تكلموه، إن كان رسولا من الله كما يزعم، فهو أعظم قدرا من أن يكلمنا، و إن كان كاذبا على الله، فهو أسرف بكلامه
And the other one said, ‘Do not speak to him-saww! If he-saww was a Rasool-saww from Allah-azwj just as he-saww claims, then he-saww is of a more worth than for him-saww to speak to us; and if he-saww was a liar upon Allah-azwj, then he-saww is being extravagant with his-saww speech’.
و جعلوا يستهزئون به، فجعل يمشي، كلما وضع قدما، وضعوا له صخرة، فما فرغ من أرضهم إلا و قدماه تشخب دما
And they went on mocking with him-saww. He-saww went on to walk, (but) every time he-saww placed a foot, they placed a rock for him-saww (to walk upon). He-saww was not free from their land except and his-saww feet were spilling blood.
فعمد لحائط من كرومهم، و جلس مكروبا، فقال: «اللهم، إني أشكوا إليك غربتي، و كربتي، و هواني على الناس، يا أرحم الراحمين، أنت رب المستضعفين، أنت رب المكروبين
Rasool Allah-saww headed towards a wall of their vineyard and sat in anguish, and he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! I-saww am complaining to You-azwj of my-saww loneliness, and my-saww distress, and my-saww being considered insignificant by the people. O most Merciful of the merciful ones! You-azwj are the Lord-azwj of the oppressed ones! You-azwj are the Lord-azwj of the distressed ones!
اللهم إن لم يكن بك علي غضب فلا ابالي، و لكن عافيتك أوسع لي، أعوذ بك من سخطك، و بمعافاتك و من عقوبتك، و بك منك
O Allah-azwj! If You-azwj do not happen to be Wrathful upon me-saww, then I-saww don’t care (about anything else). But, Your-azwj Given well-being is Extensive for me-saww. I-saww seek Refuge with You-azwj from Your-azwj Wrath, and with Your-azwj Pardon and from Your-azwj Punishment, and with You-azwj from You-azwj!
لا احصي الثناء عليك، أنت كما أثنيت على نفسك، لك الحمد حتى ترضى، و لا حول و لا قوة إلا بالله العلي العظيم
I-saww cannot count the Praise upon You-azwj. You-azwj are Just as You-azwj Praised upon Yourself-azwj. For You-azwj is the Praise until You-azwj are Pleased. And there is neither Mighty nor Strength except with Allah-azwj, the Exalted, the Magnificent!’’
قيل: و كان في الكرم عتبة بن ربيعة، و شيبة، فكره أن يأتيهما، لما يعلم من عداوتهما، فقالا لغلام لهما، يقال له عداس: خذ قطفين من العنب، و قدحا من الماء، و أذهب بهما إلى ذلك الرجل، و إنه سيسألك: أ هدية، أم صدقة؟ فإن قلت صدقة، لم يقبلها، بل قل: هدية
(The narrator said), ‘It is said, ‘And in the vineyard were Utba Bin Rabi’e, and Sheyba, so, he-saww disliked going to them both due to what he-saww knew from their enmity. They said to a slave of theirs called Adaas, ‘Take two bunches of the grapes and a mug of water, and go with these two to that man-saww, and he-saww will ask you: ‘Is this a gift or charity?’ So, if you were to say, ‘Charity’, he-saww will not accept it, but say, ‘Gift’.
فمضى، و وضعه بين يديه، فقال: «هدية، أم صدقة؟» فقال: هدية. فمد يده، و قال: «بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم» و كان عداس نصرانيا، فلما سمعه تعجب منه، و صار ينظره
He went and placed it in front of him-saww. He-saww said: ‘(Is it) a gift or (is it) charity?’ He said, ‘Gift’. So he-saww extended his-saww hand and said: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful’. And Adaas was a Christian, so when he heard from him-saww, he was astounded from it and went on looking at him-saww.
فقال له: «يا عداس، من أين؟» قال: من أهل نينوى. قال: «من مدينة الرجل الصالح أخي يونس بن متى؟» قال: و من أعلمك؟ فأخبره بقصته، و بما اوحي إليه
He-saww said to him: ‘O Adaas! From where (are you)?’ He said, ‘From the people of Nineveh’. He-saww said: ‘From the city of the righteous man, my-saww brother Yunus-as Bin Matta-as?’ He said, ‘And who taught you-saww?’ So he-saww informed him of his-as story and with what had been Revealed unto him-saww.
فقال: و من قبله؟ فقال: «نوح و لوط» و أخبره بالقصة فخر ساجدا لله، و جعل يقبل يديه، و أسياده ينظرون إليه، فقال أحدهما للآخر: سحر غلامك
He said, ‘And who were before him-as?’ He-saww said: ‘Noah-as and Lut-as’. And he-saww informed him with the story, so he fell down in Sajdah to Allah-azwj, and went on to kiss his-saww hand, and both his masters were looking on at him. So one of them said to the other, ‘He-saww has bewitched your slave’.
فلما أتاهما، قالا له: ما شأنك، سجدت و قبلت يديه! فقال: يا أسيادي، ما على وجه الأرض أشرف، و لا ألطف، و لا أخير منه. قالوا: و لم ذلك؟ قال: حدثني بأنبياء ماضية، و نبينا يونس بن متي
When he came to them, they said to him, ‘What is your concern, prostrating and kissing his-saww hand?’ He said, ‘O my masters! There is none more honourable on the surface of the earth, nor kinder, nor better than him-saww’. They said, ‘And why is that?’ He said, ‘He-saww narrated to me with the (News of the) Prophets-as of the past, and our Prophet Yunus-as Bin Matta-as’.
فقالا: يا ويلك، فتنك عن دينك؟ فقال: و الله إنه نبي مرسل. قالا له: ويحك، عزمت قريش على قتله، فقال، هو و الله يقتلهم و يسودهم و يشرفهم، إن تبعوه دخلوا الجنة، و خاب من لا يتبعه
They both said, ‘O woe be unto you! You are tempted away from your Religion?’ He said, ‘By Allah-azwj! He-saww is a Mursil Prophet-saww’. They said, ‘Woe be unto you! Quraysh are determined upon killing him-saww’. So he said, ‘By Allah-azwj! He-saww would be killing them, and dominate them, and he-saww would be ennobling them if they were to follow him-saww, they would be entering the Paradise, and he would lose, one who does not follow him-saww’.
فقاما يريدان ضربه، فركض للنبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) و أسلم
They both arose intending to strike him, but he ran towards the Prophet-saww and professed Islam’’.[44]
VERSES 7 – 10
وَقَالُوا مَالِ هَٰذَا الرَّسُولِ يَأْكُلُ الطَّعَامَ وَيَمْشِي فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ ۙ لَوْلَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مَلَكٌ فَيَكُونَ مَعَهُ نَذِيرًا {7}
And they are saying, ‘What is the matter with this Rasool? He is eating the food, and walks in the markets. If only a great Angel had been Sent down instead of him, so he would have been a warner along with him [25:7]
أَوْ يُلْقَىٰ إِلَيْهِ كَنْزٌ أَوْ تَكُونُ لَهُ جَنَّةٌ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا ۚ وَقَالَ الظَّالِمُونَ إِنْ تَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا رَجُلًا مَسْحُورًا {8}
Or a treasure been cast to him, or there should happen to be a garden for him to eat from’. And the unjust ones say, ‘You are only following a man bewitched!’ [25:8]
انْظُرْ كَيْفَ ضَرَبُوا لَكَ الْأَمْثَالَ فَضَلُّوا فَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَبِيلًا {9}
Look how they are striking the examples for you. They have strayed, therefore they are unable to find a way [25:9]
تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي إِنْ شَاءَ جَعَلَ لَكَ خَيْرًا مِنْ ذَٰلِكَ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ وَيَجْعَلْ لَكَ قُصُورًا {10}
Blessed is He Who, if He Desires to, would Make for you better than that, Gardens beneath which the rivers flow, and Made castles to be for you [25:10]
قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع: فَهَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُنَاظِرُهُمْ إِذَا عَانَتُوهُ وَ يُحَاجُّهُمْ قَالَ: بَلَى مِرَاراً كَثِيرَةً مِنْهَا: مَا حَكَى اللَّهُ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ: وَ قالُوا ما لِهذَا الرَّسُولِ يَأْكُلُ الطَّعامَ- وَ يَمْشِي فِي الْأَسْواقِ لَوْ لا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مَلَكٌ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ رَجُلًا مَسْحُوراً
Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws (Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘I-asws said to my-asws father-asws, Ali-asws Bin Muhammad-asws: ‘Did Rasool-Allah-saww debate with them, when they were insolent, and argue against them?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, many a times. From these is what Allah-azwj has Related about their hearts: And they are saying, ‘What is the matter with this Rasool? He is eating the food, and walks in the markets. If only a great Angel had been Sent down instead of him [25:7] – up to His-azwj Words: a man bewitched!’ [25:8].
وَ قالُوا لَوْ لا نُزِّلَ هذَا الْقُرْآنُ عَلى رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْقَرْيَتَيْنِ عَظِيمٍ
And they are saying: ‘Why was this Quran not Revealed upon a great man from the two towns? [43:31]
وَ قالُوا لَنْ نُؤْمِنَ لَكَ حَتَّى تَفْجُرَ لَنا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ يَنْبُوعاً إِلَى قَوْلِهِ كِتاباً نَقْرَؤُهُ
And they are saying, ‘We will never believe you until you cause a spring to gush out for us from the ground [17:90] – up to His-azwj Words a Book which we may read [17:90].
ثُمَّ قِيلَ لَهُ فِي آخِرِ ذَلِكَ: لَوْ كُنْتَ نَبِيّاً كَمُوسَى لَنَزَلَتْ عَلَيْنَا الصَّاعِقَةُ- فِي مَسْأَلَتِنَا إِلَيْكَ، لِأَنَّ مَسْأَلَتَنَا أَشَدُّ مِنْ مَسْأَلَةِ قَوْمِ مُوسَى لِمُوسَى
Then it was said to him-saww at the end of that, ‘If you-saww were a Prophet-as like Musa-as, the thunderbolt would have descended upon us during our questioning you-saww, because our questioning is more severe than the questioning of the people of Musa-as (was) to Musa-as’.
قَالَ: وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ قَاعِداً ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ بِمَكَّةَ بِفِنَاءِ الْكَعْبَةِ إِذِ اجْتَمَعَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ رُؤَسَاءِ قُرَيْشٍ مِنْهُمْ: الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، وَ أَبُو الْبَخْتَرِيِّ بْنُ هِشَامٍ وَ أَبُو جَهْلِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، وَ الْعَاصُ بْنُ وَائِلٍ السَّهْمِيُّ، وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، وَ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ جَمْعٌ مِمَّنْ يَلِيهِمْ كَثِيرٌ، وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ- يَقْرَأُ عَلَيْهِمْ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَ يُؤَدِّي إِلَيْهِمْ عَنِ اللَّهِ أَمْرَهُ وَ نَهْيَهُ
He-asws said: ‘And that is, that Rasool-Allah-saww was seated one day in Makkah, by the courtyard of the Kabah, when a group of the chiefs of the Quraysh gathered – from them were Al-Waleed Bin Al-Mugheira Al-Makhzoumy, and Abu Al-Bakhtary Bin Hisham, and Abu Jahl Bin Hisham, and Al-Aas Bin Wa’il Al-Sahmy, and Abdullah Bin Abu Amayya Al-Makhzoumy – and with them was a large group of the ones who followed them. And Rasool-Allah-saww was among a number of his-saww companions – reciting to them the Book of Allah-azwj, and entrusting to them, on behalf of Allah-azwj, His-azwj Commands and His-azwj Prohibitions.
فَقَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ: لَقَدِ اسْتُفْحِلَ أَمْرُ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَ عَظُمَ خَطْبُهُ فَتَعَالَوْا نَبْدَأْ بِتَقْرِيعِهِ وَ تَبْكِيتِهِ وَ تَوْبِيخِهِ، وَ الْإِحْتِجَاجِ عَلَيْهِ، وَ إِبْطَالِ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ- لِيَهُونَ خَطْبُهُ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ، وَ يَصْغُرَ قَدْرُهُ عِنْدَهُمْ، فَلَعَلَّهُ يَنْزِعُ عَمَّا هُوَ فِيهِ مِنْ غَيِّهِ وَ بَاطِلِهِ وَ تَمَرُّدِهِ وَ طُغْيَانِهِ، فَإِنِ انْتَهَى وَ إِلَّا عَامَلْنَاهُ بِالسَّيْفِ الْبَاتِرِ
The Polytheists said to each other, ‘The matter of Muhammad-saww has grown strong, and his sermons (have become) great. Come, let us censure him-saww, and reproach him-saww, and rebuke him-saww, and argue against him-saww, and invalidate whatever he-saww has come with – in order to humiliate his-saww sermons upon his-saww companions, and belittle his-saww worth in their presence. Perhaps he-saww would be removed from what he-saww is (indulging) in, from his-saww error and his-saww falsehood, and his-saww rebellion and his-saww tyranny. So either it ends, or else we shall work with the sharp sword’.
قَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ: فَمَنْ [ذَا] الَّذِي يَلِي كَلَامَهُ وَ مُجَادَلَتَهُ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ: أَنَا إِلَى ذَلِكَ، أَ فَمَا تَرْضَانِي لَهُ قِرْناً حَسِيباً، وَ مُجَادِلًا كَفِيّاً قَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ: بَلَى
Abu Jahl-la said: ‘So who is that who would follow his-saww speech and contest it?’ Abdullah Bin Abu Amayya Al Makhzoumy said, ‘I am for that. Are you not pleased with me for as a counterpart to reckon with, a sufficing debater?’ Abu Jahl-la said, ‘Yes’.
فَأَتَوْهُ بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ، فَابْتَدَأَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، لَقَدِ ادَّعَيْتَ دَعْوَى عَظِيمَةً، وَ قُلْتَ مَقَالًا هَائِلًا، زَعَمْتَ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَ مَا يَنْبَغِي لِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَ خَالِقِ الْخَلْقِ أَجْمَعِينَ- أَنْ يَكُونَ مِثْلُكَ رَسُولًا لَهُ
They came altogether, and Abdullah Bin Abu Amayya initiated, and he said, ‘O Muhammad-saww! You-saww have claimed a great claim, and you-saww said a speech which boggles (the mind). You-saww claimed that you-saww are a Rasool-saww of the Lord-azwj of the worlds, and it is not befitting for the Lord-azwj of the worlds and Creator of the entire creatures that the likes of you-saww should become a Rasool-as for Him-azwj.
بَشَرٌ مِثْلُنَا، تَأْكُلُ كَمَا نَأْكُلُ، وَ تَمْشِي فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ كَمَا نَمْشِي، فَهَذَا مَلِكُ الرُّومِ، وَ هَذَا مَلِكُ الْفُرْسِ لَا يَبْعَثَانِ رَسُولًا إِلَّا كَثِيرَ الْمَالِ، عَظِيمَ الْحَالِ، لَهُ قُصُورٌ وَ دُورٌ [وَ بَسَاتِينُ] وَ فَسَاطِيطُ وَ خِيَامٌ وَ عَبِيدٌ وَ خُدَّامٌ، وَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ فَوْقَ هَؤُلَاءِ كُلِّهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ، فَهُمْ عَبِيدُهُ، وَ لَوْ كُنْتَ نَبِيّاً لَكَانَ مَعَكَ مَلَكٌ يُصَدِّقُكَ وَ نُشَاهِدُهُ
(You-saww are) a person like us, eating just as we eat, and walking in the markets just as we walk. So this is the king of Rome, and this is the king of Persia, they do not send messengers (ambassadors) unless he is of a lot of wealth, great status, having castles and houses for him, and orchards, and pavilions, and tents, and slaves and servants. And the Lord-azwj of the worlds is above all of them together, and they are His-azwj slaves. And had you-saww been a Prophet-saww, there would have been an Angel with you-saww, ratifying you-saww and we would witness him.
بَلْ لَوْ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ إِلَيْنَا نَبِيّاً- لَكَانَ إِنَّمَا يَبْعَثُ إِلَيْنَا مَلَكاً، لَا بَشَراً مِثْلَنَا، مَا أَنْتَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِلَّا مَسْحُوراً، وَ لَسْتَ بِنَبِيٍّ
But, had Allah-azwj Wanted to Send a Prophet-as to us – rather He-azwj would have Sent a king to us, not a person like us. You-saww, O Muhammad-saww, are not, except bewitched, and you-saww are not a Prophet-as’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: هَلْ بَقِيَ مِنْ كَلَامِكَ شَيْءٌ قَالَ: بَلَى، لَوْ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ رَسُولًا لَبَعَثَ أَجَلَّ مَنْ فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا مَالًا، وَ أَحْسَنَهُ حَالًا، فَهَلَّا نَزَّلَ هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ الَّذِي تَزْعُمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَنْزَلَهُ عَلَيْكَ، وَ ابْتَعَثَكَ بِهِ رَسُولًا عَلى رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْقَرْيَتَيْنِ عَظِيمٍ: إِمَّا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ بِمَكَّةَ، وَ إِمَّا عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ بِالطَّائِفِ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Does there remain anything (else) from your speech?’ He said, ‘Yes. Had Allah-azwj Wanted to Send a Rasool-as, He-azwj would have Sent someone more majestic, in what is between us, in wealth, and of better state. So why wasn’t this Quran Revealed – which you-saww claiming that Allah-azwj Revealed it upon you-saww and Sent you-saww as a Rasool-saww with it: upon a great man from the two towns? [43:31] – either Al-Waleed Bin Al-Mugheira in Makkah, or Urwat Bin Mas’oud Al-Saqafy at Al-Ta’if?’
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: هَلْ بَقِيَ مِنْ كَلَامِكَ شَيْءٌ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: بَلَى، لَنْ نُؤْمِنَ لَكَ- حَتَّى تَفْجُرَ لَنا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ يَنْبُوعاً بِمَكَّةَ هَذِهِ، فَإِنَّهَا ذَاتُ حِجَارَةٍ وَعِرَةٍ وَ جِبَالٌ، تَكْسَحُ أَرْضَهَا وَ تَحْفِرُهَا، وَ تُجْرِي فِيهَا الْعُيُونَ، فَإِنَّنَا إِلَى ذَلِكَ مُحْتَاجُونَ، أَوْ تَكُونَ لَكَ جَنَّةٌ مِنْ نَخِيلٍ وَ عِنَبٍ، فَتَأْكُلَ مِنْهَا وَ تُطْعِمَنَا
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Does there (still) remain anything from your speech, O Abdullah?’ He said, ‘Yes. ‘We will never believe you until you cause a spring to gush out for us from the ground [17:90], in this Makkah, for it is with rocks and desert plains and mountains. Its land is bare and with holes, and you-saww should make the springs to flow therein, for we are needy to that, or there should happen to be for you, gardens of palms and grapes [17:91], so we can eat from these and feed others (as well).
فَتُفَجِّرَ الْأَنْهارَ خِلالَها خِلَالَ تِلْكَ النَّخِيلِ وَ الْأَعْنَابِ تَفْجِيراً- أَوْ تُسْقِطَ، السَّماءَ كَما زَعَمْتَ عَلَيْنا كِسَفاً، فَإِنَّكَ قُلْتَ لَنَا: وَ إِنْ يَرَوْا كِسْفاً مِنَ السَّماءِ ساقِطاً- يَقُولُوا سَحابٌ مَرْكُومٌ وَ لَعَلَّنَا نَقُولُ ذَلِكَ
And you should cause the rivers to gush forth in the middle of these– in the midst of these gardens and the grapes, gushing forth [17:91] Or you should cause the sky to fall down upon us, just as you are claiming, in pieces [17:92]; for you-saww said to us And if they should see pieces of the sky falling down, they would be saying, ‘Piled up clouds’ [52:44], and perhaps we would be saying that’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَ لَنْ نُؤْمِنَ لَكَ أَوْ تَأْتِيَ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْمَلائِكَةِ قَبِيلًا، تَأْتِيَ بِهِ وَ بِهِمْ وَ هُمْ لَنَا مُقَابِلُونَ أَوْ يَكُونَ لَكَ بَيْتٌ مِنْ زُخْرُفٍ تُعْطِينَا مِنْهُ، وَ تُغْنِينَا بِهِ فَلَعَلَّنَا نَطْغَى، فَإِنَّكَ قُلْتَ لَنَا: كَلَّا إِنَّ الْإِنْسانَ لَيَطْغى أَنْ رَآهُ اسْتَغْنى
Then he said, ‘And we will never believe you-saww, or you should bring Allah and the Angels face to face (with us) [17:92], coming with Him-azwj and with them, and they would be face to face with us, or there should happen to be for you, a house of treasures [17:93], giving us (something) from it, and enriching us with it, and we would be overwhelmed, for you-saww said to us: Never! The human being becomes overwhelmed [96:6] if he sees himself as needless [96:7]’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَوْ تَرْقى فِي السَّماءِ أَيْ تَصْعَدُ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَ لَنْ نُؤْمِنَ لِرُقِيِّكَ لِصُعُودِكَ حَتَّى تُنَزِّلَ عَلَيْنا كِتاباً نَقْرَؤُهُ: مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ- إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ الْمَخْزُومِيِّ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ- بِأَنْ آمِنُوا بِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، فَإِنَّهُ رَسُولِي وَ صَدِّقُوهُ فِي مَقَالِهِ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ عِنْدِي
Then he said, ‘Or you should ascend into the sky [17:93] – i.e., go up into the sky, and we will never be believing in your ascending – of your going up, until you bring down a letter to us, we can read from it [17:93] – from Allah-azwj, the Mighty, the Wise to Abdullah Bin Abu Amayya Al-Makhzoumy and the ones with him, that they should be believing in Muhammad-saww Bin Abdullah-asws Bin Abdul Muttalib-asws, as he-saww is My-azwj Rasool-saww, and they should ratify him-saww in his-saww speech, for he-saww is from My-azwj Presence.
ثُمَّ لَا أَدْرِي يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِذَا فَعَلْتَ هَذَا كُلَّهُ- أُومِنُ بِكَ أَوْ لَا أُومِنُ بِكَ، بَلْ لَوْ رَفَعْتَنَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، وَ فَتَحْتَ أَبْوَابَهَا وَ أَدْخَلْتَنَاهَا لَقُلْنَا: إِنَّما سُكِّرَتْ أَبْصارُنا وَ سَحَرْتَنَا
Then, I (still) don’t know, O Muhammad-saww, when you have done all of this, whether I would believe in you-saww or not believe in you-saww. But, if you-saww were to lift us up to the sky, and open its doors and enter us, for us to say But rather, our eyes have been intoxicated [15:15]’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ أَ بَقِيَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ كَلَامِكَ قَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَ وَ لَيْسَ فِيمَا أَوْرَدْتُهُ عَلَيْكَ كِفَايَةٌ وَ بَلَاغٌ مَا بَقِيَ شَيْءٌ فَقُلْ مَا بَدَا لَكَ وَ أَفْصِحْ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ- إِنْ كَانَتْ لَكَ حُجَّةٌ، وَ آتِنَا بِمَا سَأَلْنَاكَ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Abdullah! Does there remain anything (else) from your speech?’ He said, ‘O Muhammad-saww! Or isn’t it enough in what I have referred it upon you-saww, and far-reaching. There is nothing remaining, therefore say whatever comes to you-saww and explain from yourself-saww – if there was an argument for you, and come to us (answers) to what we have asked you-saww’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّامِعُ لِكُلِّ صَوْتٍ، وَ الْعَالِمُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ تَعْلَمُ مَا قَالَهُ عِبَادُكَ. فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ وَ قالُوا ما لِهذَا الرَّسُولِ يَأْكُلُ الطَّعامَ- وَ يَمْشِي فِي الْأَسْواقِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ رَجُلًا مَسْحُوراً
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! You-azwj are the Listener of every sound, and the Knower of everything. You-azwj Know what Your-azwj servants said’. So Allah-azwj Revealed unto him-saww: And they are saying, ‘What is the matter with this Rasool? He is eating the food, and walks in the markets. If only a great Angel had been Sent down instead of him [25:7] – up to His-azwj Words: a man bewitched!’ [25:8].
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: انْظُرْ كَيْفَ ضَرَبُوا لَكَ الْأَمْثالَ- فَضَلُّوا فَلا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَبِيلًا
Then Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: Look how they are striking the examples for you. They have strayed, therefore they are unable to find a way [25:9].
فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنْ أَنِّي آكُلُ الطَّعَامَ- كَمَا تَأْكُلُونَ، وَ زَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ لِأَجْلِ هَذِهِ أَنْ أَكُونَ لِلَّهِ رَسُولًا، فَإِنَّمَا الْأَمْرُ لِلَّهِ يَفْعَلُ ما يَشاءُ وَ يَحْكُمُ ما يُرِيدُ، وَ هُوَ مَحْمُودٌ، وَ لَيْسَ لَكَ وَ لَا لِأَحَدٍ الِاعْتِرَاضُ عَلَيْهِ بِلِمَ وَ كَيْفَ
Rasool-Allah-saww said to him: ‘O Abdullah Bin Ameyt! As for what you mentioned than I-saww eat the food just as you are eating, and you claimed that it is not allowed due to this reason that I-saww happen to be a Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj, so rather the Command is Allah-azwj’s. He-azwj Does whatever He-azwj so Desires to and Decides whatever He so Wants to, and He-azwj is the Most Praised One, and it isn’t for you, nor for anyone to object to Him-azwj with ‘why’, and ‘how’.
أَ لَا تَرَى أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى كَيْفَ أَفْقَرَ بَعْضاً وَ أَغْنَى بَعْضاً، وَ أَعَزَّ بَعْضاً، وَ أَذَلَّ بَعْضاً وَ أَصَحَّ بَعْضاً وَ أَسْقَمَ بَعْضاً، وَ شَرَّفَ بَعْضاً وَ وَضَعَ بَعْضاً، وَ كُلُّهُمْ مِمَّنْ يَأْكُلُ الطَّعَامَ
Do you not see Allah-azwj the Exalted how He-azwj Impoverishes some, and Enriches some, and Honours some, and Disgraces some, and Grants health to some, and Causes other to be sick, and Ennobles some, and Ignoble some, and all of them are from the ones who eat the food?
ثُمَّ لَيْسَ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ أَنْ يَقُولُوا: لِمَ أَفْقَرْتَنَا وَ أَغْنَيْتَهُمْ وَ لَا لِلْوُضَعَاءِ أَنْ يَقُولُوا: لِمَ وَضَعْتَنَا وَ شَرَّفْتَهُمْ وَ لَا لِلزَّمْنَى وَ الضُّعَفَاءِ أَنْ يَقُولُوا: لِمَ أَزْمَنْتَنَا وَ أَضْعَفْتَنَا وَ صَحَّحْتَهُمْ وَ لَا لِلْأَذِلَّاءِ أَنْ يَقُولُوا: لِمَ أَذْلَلْتَنَا وَ أَعْزَزْتَهُمْ وَ لَا لِقَبَائِحِ الصُّوَرِ أَنْ يَقُولُوا: لِمَ قَبَّحْتَنَا وَ جَمَّلْتَهُمْ
Then, it isn’t for the poor that they should be saying, ‘Why did You-azwj Impoverish us and Enrich them?’ Nor is it for the ignoble ones that they should be saying, ‘Why did You-azwj Drop us and Ennobled them?’ Nor for the sick and the weak ones that they should be saying, ‘Why did You-azwj Make us sick and weak, and Granted them good health?’ Nor for the disgraced ones that they should be saying, ‘Why did You-azwj Humiliate us and Honoured them?’ Nor for the ugly of face that they should be saying, ‘Why did You-azwj Make us to be ugly and them as beautiful?’
بَلْ إِنْ قَالُوا ذَلِكَ كَانُوا عَلَى رَبِّهِمْ رَادِّينَ، وَ لَهُ فِي أَحْكَامِهِ مُنَازِعِينَ، وَ بِهِ كَافِرِينَ، وَ لَكَانَ جَوَابُهُ لَهُمْ: [إِنِّي] أَنَا الْمَلِكُ، الْخَافِضُ الرَّافِعُ، الْمُغْنِي الْمُفْقِرُ، الْمُعِزُّ الْمُذِلُّ، الْمُصَحِّحُ الْمُسْقِمُ- وَ أَنْتُمُ الْعَبِيدُ لَيْسَ لَكُمْ إِلَّا التَّسْلِيمُ لِي، وَ الِانْقِيَادُ لِحُكْمِي، فَإِنْ سَلَّمْتُمْ كُنْتُمْ عِبَاداً مُؤْمِنِينَ، وَ إِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ كُنْتُمْ بِي كَافِرِينَ، وَ بِعُقُوبَاتِي مِنَ الْهَالِكِينَ
But, if they were to say that, they would be repelling against their Lord-azwj, and be disputants to Him-azwj with regards to His-azwj Decisions, and they would be Kafirs due to it. But, His-azwj Answer to them (would be): “I-azwj am the King, the Abaser, the Raiser, the Enricher, the Impoverisher, the Honourer, the Humiliater, the Restorer of the health of the sick ones – and you are the slaves. It isn’t for you except for the submission to Me-azwj and the following of My-azwj Decisions. So if you were to submit, you would be Momineen servants, and if you refuse, you would be Kafirs with Me-azwj, and by My-azwj Punishment (you would be) from the destroyed ones!”
ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ قُلْ إِنَّما أَنَا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُكُمْ يَعْنِي آكُلُ الطَّعَامَ يُوحى إِلَيَّ أَنَّما إِلهُكُمْ إِلهٌ واحِدٌ يَعْنِي قُلْ لَهُمْ: أَنَا فِي الْبَشَرِيَّةِ مِثْلُكُمْ، وَ لَكِنْ رَبِّي خَصَّنِي بِالنُّبُوَّةِ دُونَكُمْ، كَمَا يَخُصُّ بَعْضَ الْبَشَرِ بِالْغَنَاءِ- وَ الصِّحَّةِ وَ الْجَمَالِ دُونَ بَعْضٍ مِنَ الْبَشَرِ، فَلَا تُنْكِرُوا أَنْ يَخُصَّنِي أَيْضاً بِالنُّبُوَّةِ
Then Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed unto him-saww: O Muhammad-saww! Say: But rather, I am a person like you [18:110] – meaning, ‘I-saww eat the food’, it is Revealed to me that your God is one God – meaning, say them, ‘I-saww am, with regards to being a human being, am like you all, but my-saww Lord-azwj Specialised me-saww with the Prophet-hood besides you all, just as He-azwj Specialised some of the human beings with the riches, and the good health, and the beauty besides the other from the humans. Therefore, you should not be denying that He-azwj can Specialise me-saww with the Prophet-hood as well’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُكَ: « [إِنَ] هَذَا مَلِكُ الرُّومِ، وَ مَلِكُ الْفُرْسِ لَا يَبْعَثَانِ رَسُولًا إِلَّا كَثِيرَ الْمَالِ، عَظِيمَ الْحَالِ، لَهُ قُصُورٌ وَ دُورٌ- وَ فَسَاطِيطُ وَ خِيَامٌ وَ عَبِيدٌ وَ خُدَّامٌ، وَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ فَوْقَ هَؤُلَاءِ كُلِّهِمْ فَهُمْ عَبِيدُهُ» فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَهُ التَّدْبِيرُ وَ الْحُكْمُ لَا يَفْعَلُ عَلَى ظَنِّكَ وَ حُسْبَانِكَ، وَ لَا بِاقْتِرَاحِكَ، بَلْ يَفْعَلُ ما يَشاءُ، وَ يَحْكُمُ ما يُرِيدُ وَ هُوَ مَحْمُودٌ
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘And as for your words, ‘So this is the king of Rome, and this is the king of Persia, they do not send messengers (ambassadors) unless he is of a lot of wealth, great status, having castles and houses for him, and orchards, and pavilions, and tents, and slaves and servants. And the Lord-azwj of the worlds is above all of them together, for they are His-azwj slaves’ – so Allah-azwj, there is a Strategy for Him-azwj and the Decision. He-azwj does not Do upon your thinking and your reckoning, nor by your suggestions, but He-azwj Does whatever He-azwj so Desires to, and Decides whatever He-azwj so Wants to, and He-azwj is the Most Praised One.
يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ لِيُعَلِّمَ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ، وَ يَدْعُوَهُمْ إِلَى رَبِّهِمْ، وَ يَكِدَّ نَفْسَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ آنَاءَ اللَّيْلِ وَ أَطْرَافَ النَّهَارِ، فَلَوْ كَانَ صَاحِبَ قُصُورٍ يَحْتَجِبُ فِيهَا- وَ عَبِيدٍ وَ خَدَمٍ يَسْتُرُونَهُ عَنِ النَّاسِ – أَ لَيْسَ كَانَتِ الرِّسَالَةُ تَضِيعُ وَ الْأُمُورُ تَتَبَاطَأُ أَ وَ مَا تَرَى لِمُلُوكٍ إِذَا احْتَجَبُوا- كَيْفَ يَجْرِي الْفَسَادُ وَ الْقَبَائِحُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ بِهِ- وَ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ
O Abdullah! But rather, Allah-azwj Sent His-azwj Prophet-saww for the people to know their Religion, and he-saww called them to their Lord-azwj, and he-saww exhausts himself-saww in the middle of the night and the two ends of the day. So, had he-saww been owner of the castles, he-saww would have concealed himself-saww inside these – and the slaves, and the servants, veiling him from the people. Wouldn’t the Message be wasted and the matters delayed? Or, do you not see the kings when they are veiled – how the corruption and the ugliness flows from where they are not even knowing of it nor aware of it?
يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ وَ إِنَّمَا بَعَثَنِيَ اللَّهُ وَ لَا مَالَ لِي- لِيُعَرِّفَكُمْ قُدْرَتَهُ وَ قُوَّتَهُ، وَ أَنَّهُ هُوَ النَّاصِرُ لِرَسُولِهِ، لَا تَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى قَتْلِهِ وَ لَا مَنْعِهِ مِنْ رِسَالَتِهِ
O Abdullah! But rather, Allah-azwj Sent me-saww, and there is no wealth for me-saww – in order to Make you recognise His-azwj Power and His-azwj Strength, and it is Him-azwj Who is the Helper of His-azwj Rasool-saww. They are neither able upon killing him-saww nor preventing him-saww from (the delivery of) his-saww Message.
فَهَذَا أَبْيَنُ فِي قُدْرَتِهِ وَ فِي عَجْزِكُم وَ سَوْفَ يُظْفِرُنِي اللَّهُ بِكُمْ فَأُوَسِّعُكُمْ قَتْلًا وَ أَسْراً، ثُمَّ يُظْفِرُنِي اللَّهُ بِبِلَادِكُمْ، وَ يَسْتَوْلِي عَلَيْهَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ مِنْ دُونِكُمْ، وَ دُونَ مَنْ يُوَافِقُكُمْ عَلَى دِينِكُمْ
Thus, this is clearer with regards to His-azwj Power and regarding your frustrations, and soon Allah-azwj would Make me-saww to be victorious against you all and Extend the killing and the captivity. Then Allah-azwj would Make me-saww to be victorious in your city, and the Momineen would rule upon it besides you all, and besides the one who are in harmony with you upon your religion’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُكَ لِي: «وَ لَوْ كُنْتَ نَبِيّاً لَكَانَ مَعَكَ مَلَكٌ يُصَدِّقُكَ وَ نُشَاهِدُهُ، بَلْ لَوْ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ إِلَيْنَا نَبِيّاً- لَكَانَ إِنَّمَا يَبْعَثُ مَلَكاً لَا بَشَراً مِثْلَنَا» فَالْمَلَكُ لَا تُشَاهِدُهُ حَوَاسُّكُمْ، لِأَنَّهُ مِنْ جِنْسِ هَذَا الْهَوَاءِ، لَا عِيَانَ مِنْهُ
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘And as for your words to me, ‘And had you-saww been a Prophet-saww, there would have been an Angel with you-saww, ratifying you-saww and we would witness him. But, had Allah-azwj Wanted to Send a Prophet-as to us – rather He-azwj would have Sent a king to us, not a person like us’ – So the Angel is such that your faculties cannot witness him, because he is of a genus of this air, not visible from it.
وَ لَوْ شَاهَدْتُمُوهُ- بِأَنْ يُزَادَ فِي قُوَى أَبْصَارِكُمْ- لَقُلْتُمْ: لَيْسَ هَذَا مَلَكاً، بَلْ هَذَا بَشَرٌ، لِأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا كَانَ يَظْهَرُ لَكُمْ بِصُورَةِ الْبَشَرِ- الَّذِي قَدْ أَلَّفْتُمُوهُ لِتَفْهَمُوا عَنْهُ مَقَالَهُ، وَ تَعْرِفُوا بِهِ خِطَابَهُ وَ مُرَادَهُ، فَكَيْفَ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ صِدْقَ الْمَلَكِ- وَ أَنَّ مَا يَقُولُهُ حَقٌّ
بَلْ إِنَّمَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ بَشَراً، وَ أَظْهَرَ عَلَى يَدِهِ الْمُعْجِزَاتِ- الَّتِي لَيْسَتْ فِي طَبَائِعِ الْبَشَرِ- الَّذِينَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ ضَمَائِرَ قُلُوبِهِمْ، فَتَعْلَمُونَ بِعَجْزِكُمْ عَمَّا جَاءَ بِهِ أَنَّهُ مُعْجِزَةٌ وَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ شَهَادَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى بِالصِّدْقِ لَهُ، وَ لَوْ ظَهَرَ لَكُمْ مَلَكٌ وَ ظَهَرَ عَلَى يَدِهِ مَا يَعْجِزُ عَنْهُ الْبَشَرُ، لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي ذَلِكَ مَا يَدُلُّكُمْ- أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لَيْسَ فِي طَبَائِعِ سَائِرِ أَجْنَاسِهِ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ- حَتَّى يَصِيرَ ذَلِكَ مُعْجِزاً
But rather, Allah-azwj Sent a human being, and Manifested upon his hands, the miracles which aren’t the norm for the human being – the one who knows the consciences of your hearts. So you would be knowing, by your frustrations from whatever he-saww came with, that it is indeed a miracle, and that it is a testimony from Allah-azwj the Exalted with the ratification for him-saww. And had He-azwj Manifested an Angel to you all, and Manifested upon his hands what the human being would be frustrated from, there would not happen to be a justice for you all in that – for that would not be from the norms of the rest of the species from the Angels – until that would become (to be counted as) a miracle.
أَ لَا تَرَوْنَ أَنَّ الطُّيُورَ الَّتِي تَطِيرُ- لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهَا بِمُعْجِزٍ، لِأَنَّ لَهَا أَجْنَاساً يَقَعُ مِنْهَا مِثْلُ طَيَرَانِهَا، وَ لَوْ أَنَّ آدَمِيّاً طَارَ كَطَيَرَانِهَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مُعْجِزاً، فَاللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سَهَّلَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْأَمْرَ، وَ جَعَلَهُ بِحَيْثُ تَقُومُ عَلَيْكُمْ حُجَّتُهُ، وَ أَنْتُمْ تَقْتَرِحُونَ عَمَلَ الصَّعْبِ الَّذِي لَا حُجَّةَ فِيهِ
Are you not seeing the birds which are flying – that is not a miracle from them, because for it is a species, from which occurs the likes of flight. And if a human was to fly like its flying, that would be (counted as) a miracle. So, Allah-azwj mighty and Majestic has Made the matter easy upon you, and Made it when a proof would be established upon you, and you are suggesting a difficult matter in which there is no proof’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُكَ: «مَا أَنْتَ إِلَّا رَجُلًا مَسْحُوراً» فَكَيْفَ أَكُونُ كَذَلِكَ، وَ قَدْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي فِي صِحَّةِ التَّمْيِيزِ وَ الْعَقْلِ فَوْقَكُمْ فَهَلْ جَرَّبْتُمْ عَلَيَّ مُنْذُ نَشَأْتُ- إِلَى أَنِ اسْتَكْمَلْتُ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً جَرِيرَةً أَوْ زَلَّةً أَوْ كَذِبَةً أَوْ خِيَانَةً أَوْ خَطَأً مِنَ الْقَوْلِ، أَوْ سَفَهاً مِنَ الرَّأْيِ
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘And as for your words, ‘You-saww are not except a man bewitched’, so how can I-saww be like that, and you are knowing that I-saww am of healthy discernment and intellect, above you all. Have you experienced upon me-saww, since I-saww grew up – up to the completion of forty years, any offence, or an error, or a lie, or a crime, or a mistake from the speech, or foolishness from the view?
أَ تَظُنُّونَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا يَعْتَصِمُ طُولَ هَذِهِ الْمُدَّةِ- بِحَوْلِ نَفْسِهِ وَ قُوَّتِهَا أَوْ بِحَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ قُوَّتِهِ وَ ذَلِكَ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: انْظُرْ كَيْفَ ضَرَبُوا لَكَ الْأَمْثالَ- فَضَلُّوا فَلا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَبِيلًا إِلَى أَنْ يَثْبُتُوا عَلَيْكَ عَمًي- بِحُجَّةٍ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ دَعَاوِيهِمُ الْبَاطِلَةِ- الَّتِي تَبَيَّنَ عَلَيْكَ تَحْصِيلُ بُطْلَانِهَا
Are you thinking that a man who is protected for the length of this period is by the might of his own self or by the Mighty of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Strength? And that is what Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: Look how they are striking the examples for you. They have strayed, therefore they are unable to find a way [25:9] – until they are affirming against you-saww blindly – by arguing more than their false claims – which is clear upon you-saww, and collection of its falsehood’.[45]
The Altered Verse
محمد بن العباس، قال: حدثنا محمد بن القاسم، عن أحمد بن محمد السياري، عن محمد بن خالد، عن محمد بن علي الصيرفي، عن محمد بن فضيل، عن أبي حمزة الثمالي، عن أبي جعفر محمد بن علي (عليهما السلام)، أنه قرأ: «وَ قالَ الظَّالِمُونَ لآل محمد حقهم إِنْ تَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا رَجُلًا مَسْحُوراً، يعنون محمدا (صلى الله عليه و آله)
Muhammad Bin Al-Abbas, from Muhammad Bin Al-Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al-Sayyari, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al-Sayrafi, from Muhammad Bin Fazeyl, from Abu Hamza Al-Sumaly,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Ali-asws. He-asws recited: And the unjust ones to the Progeny of Muhammad of their rights, say, ‘You are only following a man bewitched!’ [25:8] – meaning Muhammad-saww.
فقال الله عز و جل لرسوله: انْظُرْ كَيْفَ ضَرَبُوا لَكَ الْأَمْثالَ فَضَلُّوا فَلا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَبِيلًا إلى ولاية علي (عليه السلام)، و علي (عليه السلام) هو السبيل
So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to His-azwj Rasool-saww: Look how they are striking the examples for you. They have strayed, therefore they are unable to find a way [25:9]. (Imam-asws) said: ‘To the Wilayah of Ali-asws. And Ali-asws – he-asws is the way’.[46]
VERSE 11
بَلْ كَذَّبُوا بِالسَّاعَةِ ۖ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِمَنْ كَذَّبَ بِالسَّاعَةِ سَعِيرًا {11}
But they are belying the Hour, and We have Prepared a Blazing Fire for the one belies the Hour [25:11]
محمد بن إبراهيم النعماني، قال: حدثنا عبد الواحد بن عبد الله، قال: أخبرنا محمد بن جعفرالقرشي، قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب، عن عمر بن أبان الكلبي، عن أبي الصامت، قال: قال أبو عبد الله جعفر بن محمد (عليهما السلام): «الليل اثنتا عشرة ساعة، و النهار اثنتا عشرة ساعة، و الشهور اثنا عشر شهرا، و الأئمة اثنا عشر إماما، و النقباء اثنا عشر نقيبا، و إن عليا (عليه السلام) ساعة من اثنتي عشرة ساعة، و هو قول الله عز و جل: بَلْ كَذَّبُوا بِالسَّاعَةِ وَ أَعْتَدْنا لِمَنْ كَذَّبَ بِالسَّاعَةِ سَعِيراً
Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Al-Nu’mani, from Abdul Wahid Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al-Qarshy, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn Bin Abu Al-Khataab, from Umar Bin Aban Al-Kalby, from Abu Al-Samit who said,
‘Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws said: ‘The night is of twelve hours, and the day is of twelve hours, and the months are twelve months, and the Imams-asws are twelve Imams-asws, and the Chiefs are twelve Chiefs, and that Ali-asws is one Hour from the twelve Hours, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But they are belying the Hour, and We have Prepared a Blazing Fire for the one belies the Hour [25:11]’.[47]
وعنه، قال: أخبرنا عبد الواحد بن عبد الله بن يونس الموصلي، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن رباح الزهري، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن علي الحميري، قال: حدثني الحسن بن أيوب، عن عبد الكريم بن عمرو الخثعمي، عن المفضل بن عمر، قال: قلت لأبي عبد الله (عليه السلام): قول الله عز و جل: بَلْ كَذَّبُوا بِالسَّاعَةِ وَ أَعْتَدْنا لِمَنْ كَذَّبَ بِالسَّاعَةِ سَعِيراً؟ فقال لي: «إن الله خلق السنة اثني عشر شهرا، و جعل الليل اثنتي عشرة ساعة، و جعل النهار اثنتي عشرة ساعة، و منا اثني عشر محدثا، و كان أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) ساعة من تلك الساعات
And from him (Al-Nu’mani) who said, ‘Abdul Wahid Bin Abdullah Bin Yunus Al-Mowsaly informed us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Rabah Al-Zuhry, from Ahmad Bin Ali Al-Humeyri, from Al-Hassan Bin Ayoub, from Abdul Kareem Bin Amro Al-Khash’amy, from Al-MufazzAl-Bin Umar who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘(What about) the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But they are belying the Hour, and We have Prepared a Blazing Fire for the one belies the Hour [25:11]?’ So he-asws said to me: ‘Surely Allah-azwj Created the year of twelve months, and Made the night to be of twelve hours, and Made the day to be of twelve hours, and from us-asws are twelve narrators (محدثا), and Amir-al- Momineen-asws is an Hour from these Hours’.[48]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن علي، قال: حدثني الحسين بن أحمد، عن أحمد بن هلال، عن عمر الكلبي، عن أبي الصامت، قال: قال أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): «إن الليل و النهار اثنتا عشرة ساعة، و إن علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام) أشرف ساعة من اثنتي عشرة ساعة، و هو قول الله تعالى: بَلْ كَذَّبُوا بِالسَّاعَةِ وَ أَعْتَدْنا لِمَنْ كَذَّبَ بِالسَّاعَةِ سَعِيراً
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Ahmad Bin Ali, from Al-Husayn Bin Ahmad, from Ahmad Bin Hilal, from Umar Al-Kalby, from Abu Al-Saamit who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The night and the day are of twelve hours, and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is the noblest from those twelve Hours, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: But they are belying the Hour, and We have Prepared a Blazing Fire for the one belies the Hour [25:11]’.[49]
ابن شهر آشوب: عن علي بن حاتم، في كتاب (الأخبار) لأبي الفرج بن شاذان، أنه نزل قوله تعالى: بَلْ كَذَّبُوا بِالسَّاعَةِ يعني كذبوا بولاية علي (عليه السلام)، قال: و هو المروي عن الرضا (عليه السلام)
Ibn Shehr Ashub, from Ali Bin Haatim, in the book Al-Akhbaar of Abu Al-Faraj Bin Shazaan –
‘The Words of the Exalted: But they are belying the Hour [25:11] – were Revealed to Mean the belying of the Wilayah of Ali-asws’. And it is reported from Al-Reza-asws’.[50]
VERSE 12
إِذَا رَأَتْهُمْ مِنْ مَكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ سَمِعُوا لَهَا تَغَيُّظًا وَزَفِيرًا {12}
When they see it from a distant place, they shall listen to it raging and exhaling [25:12]
فِي مَجْمَعِ الْبَيَانِ: إِذا رَأَتْهُمْ مِنْ مَكانٍ بَعِيدٍ أَيْ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ مِائَةِ عَامٍ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ وَ الْكَلْبِيِّ وقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ سَنَةٍ
In (the book) Majma Al Bayan –
‘When they see it from a distant place [25:12] – Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘From a travel distance of a year’’.[51]
فِي إِرْشَادِ الْمُفِيدِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ حَدِيثٌ طَوِيلٌ وَ فِيهِ: وَ تَزْفِرُ النَّارُ بِمِثْلِ الْجِبَالِ شَرَراً
In (the book) Irshad of Al Mufeed –
‘From the Prophet-saww, there is a lengthy Hadeeth, and in it (he-saww said): ‘And the example of the Fire (Hell) is like exhalation of large mountains of flames.[52]
VERSE 13
وَإِذَا أُلْقُوا مِنْهَا مَكَانًا ضَيِّقًا مُقَرَّنِينَ دَعَوْا هُنَالِكَ ثُبُورًا {13}
And when they are cast into a narrow place of it, bound, they shall be calling over there for destruction [25:13]
في مجمع البيان: وَ إِذا أُلْقُوا مِنْها مَكاناً ضَيِّقاً وفِي الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ. وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِنَّهُمْ يُسْتَكْرَهُونَ فِي النَّارِ كَمَا يُسْتَكْرَهُ الْوَتَدُ فِي الْحَائِطِ
In (the book) Majma Al Bayan –
‘And when they are cast into a narrow place of it, [25:13] – and in a Hadeeth, he-asws said regarding this Verse: ‘By the One-azwj is Whose Hand is my-asws soul! They would be forced into the Fire just as the peg (nail) is forced into the wall!’’.[53]
VERSE 14
لَا تَدْعُوا الْيَوْمَ ثُبُورًا وَاحِدًا وَادْعُوا ثُبُورًا كَثِيرًا {14}
Do not call for one destruction today, and call for many destructions! [25:14]
الشيخ في (أماليه)، قال: أخبرنا أبو الحسن علي بن إبراهيم الكاتب، قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي الثلج، قال: أخبرني عيسى بن مهران، قال: حدثنا محمد بن زكريا، قال: حدثني كثير بن طارق، قال: سألت زيد بن علي بن الحسن (عليه السلام) عن قول الله تعالى: لا تَدْعُوا الْيَوْمَ ثُبُوراً واحِداً وَ ادْعُوا ثُبُوراً كَثِيراً
Al-Sheykh in his Amaali, said, ‘Abu Al-Hassan Ali Bin Ibrahim the scribe informed us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al-Salj, from Isa Bin Mahran, from Muhammad Bin Zakariyya, from Kaseer Bin Tariq who said,
‘I asked Zayd the son of Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: Do not call for one destruction today, and call for many destructions! [25:14]’.
قال: يا كثير، إنك رجل صالح، و لست بمتهم، و إني أخاف عليك أن تهلك، إن كل إمام جائر، فإن أتباعه إذا امر بهم إلى النار نادوه باسمه، فقالوا: يا فلان، يا من أهلكنا، هلم الآن فخلصنا مما نحن فيه
ثم يدعون بالويل و الثبور، فعندها يقال لهم: لا تَدْعُوا الْيَوْمَ ثُبُوراً واحِداً وَ ادْعُوا ثُبُوراً كَثِيراً
Then they would call for the woe and the destruction. Thus, during it, it would be said to them: Do not call for one destruction today, and call for many destructions! [25:14]’.
ثم قال زيد بن علي (رحمه الله): حدثني أبي علي بن الحسين، عن أبيه الحسين بن علي (عليهم السلام)، قال: «قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) لعلي (عليه السلام): يا علي، أنت و أصحابك في الجنة. يا علي، أنت و أتباعك في الجنة
Then Zayd, the son of Ali-asws said, ‘My father-asws Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws narrated to me, from his-asws father-asws Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws and your-asws companions would be in the Paradise. O Ali-asws! You-asws and your-asws followers would be in the Paradise’.[54]
VERSES 15 – 18
قُلْ أَذَٰلِكَ خَيْرٌ أَمْ جَنَّةُ الْخُلْدِ الَّتِي وُعِدَ الْمُتَّقُونَ ۚ كَانَتْ لَهُمْ جَزَاءً وَمَصِيرًا {15}
Say: ‘Is that better or the eternal Garden which is Promised for the pious? That would be a Recompense for them and a destination [25:15]
لَهُمْ فِيهَا مَا يَشَاءُونَ خَالِدِينَ ۚ كَانَ عَلَىٰ رَبِّكَ وَعْدًا مَسْئُولًا {16}
For them therein would be whatever they desire for eternity, being a Promise upon your Lord to be asked for [25:16]
وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ وَمَا يَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَيَقُولُ أَأَنْتُمْ أَضْلَلْتُمْ عِبَادِي هَٰؤُلَاءِ أَمْ هُمْ ضَلُّوا السَّبِيلَ {17}
And on the Day He would be Gathering them and whatever they had been worshipping from besides Allah, and He would be Saying: “Did you stray these servants of Mine or they lost the Way?” [25:17]
قَالُوا سُبْحَانَكَ مَا كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لَنَا أَنْ نَتَّخِذَ مِنْ دُونِكَ مِنْ أَوْلِيَاءَ وَلَٰكِنْ مَتَّعْتَهُمْ وَآبَاءَهُمْ حَتَّىٰ نَسُوا الذِّكْرَ وَكَانُوا قَوْمًا بُورًا {18}
They shall say, ‘Glorious are You! It was not befitting for us that we take guardians from besides You, but You Gave comforts to them and their fathers until they forgot the Zikr, and they were a ruined people [25:18]
Forgetting the Zikr
الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَجْلَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) الذِّكْرُ أَنَا وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ أَهْلُ الذِّكْرِ
Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Washha, from Abdullah Bin Ajlan,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws, he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww is the Zikr. I-asws and the Imams-asws are the People of the Zikr’.[55]
VERSE 19
فَقَدْ كَذَّبُوكُمْ بِمَا تَقُولُونَ فَمَا تَسْتَطِيعُونَ صَرْفًا وَلَا نَصْرًا ۚ وَمَنْ يَظْلِمْ مِنْكُمْ نُذِقْهُ عَذَابًا كَبِيرًا {19}
So they have (now) belied you with what you are saying, therefore you will neither be able to turn away (the Punishment) nor (find) helpers. And the unjust ones from you, We shall Make him taste a mighty Punishment [25:19]
ابن بابويه، بإسناده عن امية بن يزيد القرشي، قال: قيل لرسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): ما العدل، يا رسول الله؟ قال: «الفدية». قال: قيل: ما الصرف، يا رسول الله؟ قال: «التوبة
Ibn Babuwayh, by his chain from Ameet Bin Yazeed Al-Qarshy who said,
‘It was said to Rasool-Allah-saww, ‘What is the justice, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘The ransom’. It was said, ‘What is the ‘turning away’ (الصرف،), O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ So he-saww said: ‘The repentance’.[56]
VERSE 20
وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا قَبْلَكَ مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ إِلَّا إِنَّهُمْ لَيَأْكُلُونَ الطَّعَامَ وَيَمْشُونَ فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ ۗ وَجَعَلْنَا بَعْضَكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ فِتْنَةً أَتَصْبِرُونَ ۗ وَكَانَ رَبُّكَ بَصِيرًا {20}
And We did not Send any Rasools except they were eating the food and walking in the markets, and We Made some of you a Fitna for some. Will you be patient? And your Lord was Ever-Seeing [25:20]
محمد بن العباس، قال: حدثنا محمد بن همام، عن محمد بن إسماعيل العلوي، عن عيسى بن داود النجار، قال: حدثني مولاي أبو الحسن موسى بن جعفر، عن أبيه، عن أبي جعفر (عليهم السلام)، قال: «جمع رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب و فاطمة و الحسن و الحسين (صلوات الله عليهم أجمعين)، فأغلق عليهم الباب، فقال: يا أهلي و أهل الله، إن الله عز و جل يقرأ عليكم السلام، و هذا جبرئيل معكم في البيت، و يقول: إن الله عز و جل يقول: إني قد جعلت عدوكم لكم فتنة، فما تقولون؟
Muhammad Bin Al-Abbas, from Muhammad Bin Hamam, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al-Alawy, from Isa Bin Dawood Al-Najaar who said,
‘My Master-asws Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws narrated to me, from his-asws father-asws, from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww gathered Amir-al- Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, then locked the door, so he-saww said: ‘O my-saww people and the people of Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Conveys the Greetings to you-asws. And this here is Jibraeel-as in the house with you-asws and he-as is saying that: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: “I-azwj have Made your-asws enemies to be a trial for you-asws, so what are you-asws saying?
قالوا: نصبر- يا رسول الله- لأمر الله، و ما نزل من قضائه، حتى نقدم على الله عز و جل، و نستكمل جزيل ثوابه، و قد سمعناه يعد الصابرين الخير كله
‘They-asws said: ‘We-asws shall be patient – O Rasool-Allah-saww – for the Command of Allah-azwj, and whatever Descends from His-azwj Judgement, until we-asws proceed to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and we-asws shall sincerely complete His-azwj Reward, and we-asws have heard it that in patience is all goodness’.
فبكى رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) حتى سمع نحيبه من خارج البيت، فنزلت هذه الآية: وَ جَعَلْنا بَعْضَكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ فِتْنَةً أَ تَصْبِرُونَ وَ كانَ رَبُّكَ بَصِيراً أنهم سيصبرون، أي سيصبرون كما قالوا (صلوات الله عليكم أجمعين)
So Rasool-Allah-saww cried to the extent that his-saww wailing was heard from outside the house. Then this Verse was Revealed: and We Made some of you a Fitna for some. Will you be patient? And your Lord was Ever-Seeing [25:20]. They-asws would be observing patience, and they did observe patience just as they-asws had said’.[57]
VERSES 21 & 22
وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَاءَنَا لَوْلَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْنَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ أَوْ نَرَىٰ رَبَّنَا ۗ لَقَدِ اسْتَكْبَرُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَعَتَوْا عُتُوًّا كَبِيرًا {21}
And those who do not wish for meeting Us, say, ‘Why weren’t Angels Sent down upon us or We (could) see our Lord?’ They are being arrogant among themselves and are revolting with great disregard [25:21]
يَوْمَ يَرَوْنَ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَا بُشْرَىٰ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُجْرِمِينَ وَيَقُولُونَ حِجْرًا مَحْجُورًا {22}
On the Day they would be seeing the Angels, there would be no glad tidings on that Day for the criminals, and they would be saying, ‘(It is) a rigorous Prohibition!’ [25:22]
وفي كتاب (الجنة و النار): عن سعيد بن جناح، قال: حدثني عوف بن عبد الله الأزدي، عن جابر ابن يزيد الجعفي، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، و ذكر حديث قبض روح الكافر، قال (عليه السلام): «فإذا بلغت الحلقوم، ضربت الملائكة وجهه و دبره، و قيل: أَخْرِجُوا أَنْفُسَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ عَذابَ الْهُونِ بِما كُنْتُمْ تَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ غَيْرَ الْحَقِّ وَ كُنْتُمْ عَنْ آياتِهِ تَسْتَكْبِرُونَ، و ذلك قوله تعالى: يَوْمَ يَرَوْنَ الْمَلائِكَةَ لا بُشْرى يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُجْرِمِينَ وَ يَقُولُونَ حِجْراً مَحْجُوراً
And in the book Al-Jannat Wa Al Naar – From Saeed Bin Janaah, from Awf Bin Abdullah Al-Azdy, from Jabir Ibn Yazeed Al-Ju’fy,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws, and mentioned the Hadeeth of the capture of the soul of the Infidel, he-asws said: ‘So when it reaches the throat, the Angels strike his face and his back and say: Bring out your souls! Today you will be Recompensed with the humiliating Punishment due to what you were saying against Allah other than the truth, and you were being arrogant about His Signs [6:93], and these are His-azwj Words: On the Day they would be seeing the Angels, there would be no glad tidings on that Day for the criminals, and they would be saying, ‘(It is) a rigorous Prohibition!’ [25:22].
فيقولون: حراما عليكم الجنة محرما
So they (Angels) shall be saying: ‘The Paradise is Prohibited unto you with a (rigorous) Prohibition’.[58]
The criminals
و عنه، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن موسى النوفلي، عن محمد بن عبد الله، عن أبيه، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن زكريا الموصلي، عن جابر الجعفي، عن أبي جعفر، عن أبيه، عن جده (عليهم السلام): «أن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) قال لعلي (عليه السلام): يا علي، و المجرمون هم المنكرون لولايتك
And he said, ‘It was narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa Al-Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from his father, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Zakariya Al-Mowsaly, from Jabir Al-Ju’fy, who has narrated the following:
‘Abu Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws that: ‘The Prophet-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! And the criminals, they are the deniers of your-asws Wilayah’’.[59]
VERSE 23
وَقَدِمْنَا إِلَىٰ مَا عَمِلُوا مِنْ عَمَلٍ فَجَعَلْنَاهُ هَبَاءً مَنْثُورًا {23}
And We will proceed to what they have done of a deed, so We shall Make it as scattered floating dust [25:23]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثني أبي، عن النضر بن سويد، عن يحيى الحلبي، عن أبي حمزة الثمالي عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: «يبعث الله يوم القيامة قوما بين أيديهم نور كالقباطي، ثم يقال له: كن هباء منثورا
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘My father narrated to me, from Al-Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya Al-Halby, from Abu Hamza Al-Sumaly,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘Allah-azwj would Resurrect a people on the Day of Judgement, in front of whom would (be) a light like the tapestry. Then He-azwj would Say to it: “Be floating dust!”
ثم قال: «أما و الله- يا أبا حمزة- إنهم كانوا يصومون، و يصلون، و لكن كانوا إذا عرض لهم شيء من الحرام أخذوه، و إذا ذكر لهم شيء مكن فضل أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) أنكروه
Then he-asws said: ‘But, By Allah-azwj – O Abu Hamza – they had been Fasting, and praying Salat, but whenever something from the Prohibited was presented to them, they grabbed it, and when something from the merits of Amir-Al-Momineen-asws was mentioned to them, they denied it’.
قال- و الهباء المنثور: هو الذي تراه يدخل البيت من الكوة، من شعاع الشمس».
He-asws said: ‘And the floating dust – It is that which you see enter the house from the shining of the sun’.[60]
ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ قَدِمْنا إِلى ما عَمِلُوا مِنْ عَمَلٍ فَجَعَلْناهُ هَباءً مَنْثُوراً قَالَ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ إِنْ كَانَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ أَشَدَّ بَيَاضاً مِنَ الْقَبَاطِيِّ وَ لَكِنْ كَانُوا إِذَا عَرَضَ لَهُمُ الْحَرَامُ لَمْ يَدَعُوهُ
Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim, from Suleyman Bin Khalid who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And We will proceed to what they have done of a deed, so We shall Make it as scattered floating dust [25:23]. He-asws said: ‘But, by Allah-azwj! Even if their deeds were more intensely whiter than the Coptic tapestry, but whenever the Prohibition was presented to them, they were not leaving it’.[61]
الشيخ في أماليه، قال: أخبرنا محمد بن محمد، قال: أخبرنا أبو الحسن علي بن خالد المراغي، قال: حدثنا الحسن بن علي بن الحسن الكوفي، قال: حدثنا إسماعيل بن محمد المزني، قال: حدثنا سلام بن أبي عمرة الخراساني، عن سعد بن سعيد، عن يونس بن الحباب، عن علي بن الحسين زين العابدين (عليه السلام)، قال: «قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): ما بال أقوام إذا ذكر عندهم آل إبراهيم (عليه السلام) فرحوا و استبشروا، و إذا ذكر عندهم آل محمد (عليهم السلام) اشمأزت قلوبهم؟
Al-Sheykh in his Amaali, said, ‘Muhammad Bin Muhammad informed us, from Abu Al-Hassan Ali Bin Khalid Al-maraghy, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Al-Hassan Al-Kufy, from Ismail Bin Muhammad Al-mazny, from Salaam Bin Abu Umarat Al-Khurasany, from Sa’ad Bin Saeed, from Yunus Bin Al-Habab,
‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn Zayn Al-Abideen-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘What is the matter with the people that when the Progeny of Ibrahim-as is mentioned in their presence, they are happy and joyful, but when the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww is mentioned in their presence, their hearts are constricted?
و الذي نفس محمد بيده، لو أن عبدا جاء يوم القيامة بعمل سبعين نبيا، ما قبل الله ذلك منه حتى يلقاه بولايتي و ولاية أهل بيتي
By the One in Whose hand is the soul of Muhammad-saww, if a servant were to come on the Day of Judgement with the deeds of seventy Prophets-as, Allah-azwj would not Accept that from him until he attaches these with my-saww Wilayah and the Wilayah of the People-asws of my-saww Household’.[62]
في كتاب علل الشرايع باسناده إلى ابى اسحاق الليثى عن الباقر عليه السلام حديث طويل يقول فيه أبو اسحاق بعد ان قال: وأجد من اعدائكم ومن ناصبيكم من يكثر من الصلوة ومن الصيام ويخرج الزكاة ويتابع بين الحج والعمرة ويحض على الجهاد ويأثر على البر وعلى صلة الارحام ويقضى حقوق اخوانه ويواسيهم من ماله ويتجنب شرب الخمر والزنا واللواط وساير الفواحش ؟
And in the book Al-IllAl-Al-Saharai’e, by his chain going up to Abu Is’haq Al-Baysi:
In a lengthy Hadeeth from Imam Al-Baqir-asws, when Abu Is’haq said, ‘And I find that the ones from your-asws enemies, and the ones who are hostile to you-asws (Nasibis), are the ones who are frequent in the Salats, and the Sawms, and the taking out of the Zakat, and the going to the Hajj and the Umrah, and inciting to the Jihad, and enjoining to the righteousness, and for the maintaining of relationships, and the fulfilment of the rights of their brothers, and considering them equal with their wealth, and they keep away from drinking of intoxicants, and the adultery, and the sodomy, and the rest of the immoralities?’
وان ناصب على ما هو عليه مما وصفته من افعالهم لو اعطى ما بين المشرق والمغرب ذهبا وفضة ان يزول عن محبة الطواغيت وموالاتهم إلى موالاتكم ما فعل ولازال
Imam-asws replied: ‘And if the Nasibi is upon what he is upon, from what you have described the qualities of his actions, even I-asws were to give him what is between the East and the West of the gold and silver that he should decline from the love of the tyrants (Abu Bakr and Umar) and their friends, and to be your friends, he would neither do it nor decline from it.
ولو ضربت خياشيمه بالسيوف فيهم ولو فعل فيهم ما ارتدع ولارجع، وإذا سمع احدهم منقبة لكم وفضلا اشمأز من ذلك وتغير لونه وراى كراهة ذلك في وجهه بغضا لكم ومحبة لهم
And if I-asws were to strike (Shias) nostril with the swords among them, and if I-asws were to do this among them, they would neither turn back nor return (to Kufr). However, when one of them (Nasibi) hears some of your praises and merits, he would become constricted by that, and his colour would change, and his abhorrence would become apparent in his face and his hatred for you (Shias) and their love for them (Abu Bakr and Umar)’.
قال: فتبسم الباقر عليه السلام ثم قال: يا ابراهيم هيهنا هلكت ” العاملة الناصبة تصلى نارا حامية تسقى من عين آنية ” ومن ذلك قال عزوجل: وقدمنا إلى ما عملوا من عمل فجعلناه هباء منثورا
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Baqir-asws smiled, then said: ‘O Ibrahim! Here is where they are destroyed: Toiling Nasibis (Hostile ones) [88:3] Arriving to a scorching Fire [88:4] [88:5] Made to drink from a boiling spring. And from that, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And We will proceed to what they have done of a deed, so We shall Make it as scattered floating dust [25:23]’.[63]
حدثنا احمد بن محمد عن على بن الحكم عن منصور البزرج عن سليمان. بن خالد عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال سمعته يقول ان اعمال العباد تعرض كل خميس على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فإذا كان يوم عرفه هبط الرب تبارك وتعالى وهو قول الله تبارك وتعالى وقدمنا إلى ما عملوا من عمل فجعلناه هبأ منثورا فقلت جعلت فداك اعمال من هذه قال اعمال مبغضينا ومبغضي شيعتنا
It has been narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al-Hakam, from Mansour Al-Bazraj, from Suleyman Bin Khalid, who has said:
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws say that: ‘The deeds of the servants get presented, every Thursday to Rasool-Allah-saww. If it was the day of Arafa, the Lord-azwj Sends (them) down, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: And We will proceed to what they have done of a deed, so We shall Make it as scattered floating dust [25:23]’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you, are my deeds from these?’ He-asws said: ‘The deeds of those that hate us-asws and hate our-asws Shias’.[64]
Regarding – The deeds are not Accepted except with the Wilayah
قَالَ الْإِمَامُ ع أَمَّا الزَّكَاةُ فَقَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: مَنْ أَدَّى الزَّكَاةَ إِلَى مُسْتَحِقِّهَا، وَ قَضَى الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى حُدُودِهَا، وَ لَمْ يُلْحِقْ بِهِمَا مِنَ الْمُوبِقَاتِ مَا يُبْطِلُهُمَا- جَاءَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَغْبِطُهُ كُلُّ مَنْ فِي تِلْكَ الْعَرَصَاتِ- حَتَّى يَرْفَعَهُ نَسِيمُ الْجَنَّةِ إِلَى أَعْلَى غُرَفِهَا وَ عَلَالِيهَا بِحَضْرَةِ مَنْ كَانَ يُوَالِيهِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ الطَّاهِرِينَ
The Imam-asws said: ‘As for the Zakat, so Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who gives the Zakat to a deserving one, and fulfils the Salat upon its limits, and does not, along with these two, indulge in the grievous sins what would invalidate these, would come on the Day of Judgment envied by everyone in those plains, to the extent that the breeze of the Paradise would raise him up to its highest of its levels and lofty places to be in the presence of the ones whom he used to befriend, from Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws, the clean.
وَ مَنْ بَخِلَ بِزَكَاتِهِ وَ أَدَّى صَلَاتَهُ، فَصَلَاتُهُ مَحْبُوسَةٌ دُوَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَى أَنْ يَجِيءَ [حِينُ] زَكَاتِهِ، فَإِنْ أَدَّاهَا جُعِلَتْ كَأَحْسَنِ الْأَفْرَاسِ مَطِيَّةً لِصَلَاتِهِ، فَحَمَلَتْهَا إِلَى سَاقِ الْعَرْشِ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: سِرْ إِلَى الْجِنَانِ، وَ ارْكُضْ فِيهَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، فَمَا انْتَهَى إِلَيْهِ رَكْضُكَ فَهُوَ (كُلُّهُ بِسَائِرِ مَا تَمَسُّهُ لِبَاعِثِكَ)
And the one who is stingy with his Zakat and (but) performs his Salat, then his Salat would be withheld below the sky until his Zakat comes. So if he pays it, it is made like the best of the horses obedient to his Salat, and it carries it to the base of the Throne. So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: “Go to the Gardens and run therein up to the Day of Judgment, and whatever you end up to, so all of it, along with whatever you touch (its left and its right) would be for you”..
فَيَرْكُضُ فِيهَا عَلَى أَنَّ كُلَّ رَكْضَةٍ مَسِيرَةُ سَنَةٍ- فِي قَدْرِ لَمْحَةِ بَصَرِهِ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، حَتَّى يَنْتَهِيَ [بِهِ] إِلَى حَيْثُ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى، فَيَكُونُ ذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ لَهُ، وَ مِثْلُهُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ شِمَالِهِ، وَ أَمَامِهِ وَ خَلْفِهِ، وَ فَوْقِهِ وَ تَحْتِهِ
So it runs therein and every runs of it, travel distance of a year, in a measurement of the blink of an eye from its day up to the Day of Judgment, until it ends up to whatever Allah-azwj the Exalted so Desires, and all of that would happen to be for him, and the like of it from his right and his left, and his front and his behind, and above him and below him.
وَ إِنْ بَخِلَ بِزَكَاتِهِ وَ لَمْ يُؤَدِّهَا، أُمِرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ فَرُدَّتْ إِلَيْهِ، وَ لُفَّتْ كَمَا يُلَفُّ الثَّوْبُ الْخَلَقُ، ثُمَّ يُضْرَبُ بِهَا وَجْهُهُ، وَ يُقَالُ [لَهُ]: يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ مَا تَصْنَعُ بِهَذَا دُونَ هَذَا
And if he is stingy with his Zakat and does not pay it, it is Commanded with the Salat for its return to him, and it is folded just like the folding of the clothes of the people, and then his face its struck with it, and it is said to him, ‘O Servant of Allah-azwj! What it to be done with (Salat) this without this (Zakat)!’
قَالَ: فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص: مَا أَسْوَأَ حَالَ هَذَا [وَ اللَّهِ]! قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَ وَ لَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَنْ هُوَ أَسْوَأَ حَالًا مِنْ هَذَا قَالُوا: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
He-asws said: ‘So the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘How evil is the state of this one, by Allah-azwj!’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Or shall I-saww inform you with the one who is of a state more evil that this one?’ They said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’.
قَالَ: رَجُلٌ حَضَرَ الْجِهَادَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى، فَقُتِلَ مُقْبِلًا غَيْرَ مُدْبِرٍ، وَ الْحُورُ الْعِينُ يَتَطَلَّعْنَ إِلَيْهِ، وَ خُزَّانُ الْجِنَانِ يَتَطَلَّعُونَ [إِلَى] وُرُودِ رُوحِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ [وَ أَمْلَاكُ السَّمَاءِ] وَ أَمْلَاكُ الْأَرْضِ يَتَطَلَّعُونَ [إِلَى] نُزُولِ حُورِ الْعِينِ إِلَيْهِ، وَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ خُزَّانُ الْجِنَانِ، فَلَا يَأْتُونَهُ
He-saww said: ‘A man who attends the Jihad in the Way of Allah-azwj the Exalted, so he fights facing (the enemy) without turning back, and the maiden Houries are aspiring to him, and the keepers of the Gardens are aspiring to the return of his soul to them, and the Angels of the sky and the Angels of the earth are aspiring at the descent of the maiden Houries to him, and the Angels (who are the) keepers of the Gardens are not coming to him.
فَتَقُولُ مَلَائِكَةُ الْأَرْضِ حَوَالَيْ ذَلِكَ الْمَقْتُولِ: مَا بَالُ الْحُورِ [الْعِينِ] لَا يَنْزِلْنَ إِلَيْهِ وَ مَا بَالُ خُزَّانِ الْجِنَانِ لَا يَرِدُونَ عَلَيْهِ فَيُنَادَوْنَ مِنْ فَوْقِ السَّمَاءِ السَّابِعَةِ: يَا أَيَّتُهَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ، انْظُرُوا إِلَى آفَاقِ السَّمَاءِ [وَ] دُوَيْنِهَا
فَيَنْظُرُونَ، فَإِذَا تَوْحِيدُ هَذَا الْعَبْدِ [الْمَقْتُولِ] وَ إِيمَانُهُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص، وَ صَلَاتُهُ وَ زَكَاتُهُ، وَ صَدَقَتُهُ، وَ أَعْمَالُ بِرِّهِ كُلُّهَا مَحْبُوسَاتٌ دُوَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ، وَ قَدْ طَبِقَتْ آفَاقُ السَّمَاءِ كُلُّهَا- كَالْقَافِلَةِ الْعَظِيمَةِ قَدْ مَلَأَتْ مَا بَيْنَ أَقْصَى الْمَشَارِقِ وَ الْمَغَارِبِ، وَ مَهَابِّ الشَّمَالِ وَ الْجَنُوبِ- تُنَادِي أَمْلَاكُ تِلْكَ الْأَفْعَالِ الْحَامِلُونَ لَهَا، الْوَارِدُونَ بِهَا: مَا بَالُنَا لَا تُفْتَحُ لَنَا أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ- لِنَدْخُلَ إِلَيْهَا بِأَعْمَالِ هَذَا الشَّهِيدِ
So they are looking, and the Tawheed of this servant, the killed one, and his Eman with Rasool-Allah-saww, and his Salat, and his Zakat, and his charities, and his righteous deeds, all of them are being withheld below the sky and the horizons of the sky have snapped shut, all of them – like the great caravan which is filled with what is between the outskirts of the east and the west, and the objects of the north and the south – the Angels (carrying) those deeds, the one bring these over are calling out, ‘What is the matter the gateways of the sky are not opening up for us, in order for us to enter through these with the deeds of this martyr?’
فَيَأْمُرُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِفَتْحِ أَبْوَابِ السَّمَاءِ، فَتُفْتَحُ، ثُمَّ يُنَادَى هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَمْلَاكُ: ادْخُلُوهَا إِنْ قَدَرْتُمْ. فَلَا تُقِلُّهَا أَجْنِحَتُهُمْ، وَ لَا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى الِارْتِفَاعِ بِتِلْكَ الْأَعْمَالِ. فَيَقُولُونَ: يَا رَبَّنَا لَا نَقْدِرُ عَلَى الِارْتِفَاعِ بِهَذِهِ الْأَعْمَالِ
So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commands with the opening of the gateways of the sky, and they are open. Then it is called out to these Angels, ‘Enter if you are able to’. But their wings are not taking them nor are they able upon rising with those deeds. So they are saying, ‘O our Lord-azwj! We are not able upon rising with these deeds!’
فَيُنَادِيهِمْ مُنَادِي رَبِّنَا عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يَا أَيَّتُهَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ لَسْتُمْ حَمَّالِي هَذِهِ الْأَثْقَالِ [الصَّاعِدِينَ بِهَا] إِنَّ حَمَلَتَهَا الصَّاعِدِينَ بِهَا- مَطَايَاهَا- الَّتِي تَرْفَعُهَا إِلَى دُوَيْنِ الْعَرْشِ، ثُمَّ تُقِرُّهَا فِي دَرَجَاتِ الْجِنَانِ
So a caller of our Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic calls out to them, ‘O you Angels! You aren’t the carriers of these loads, the ascenders with these. The ascenders with these are their runners who would raise these to the base of the Throne, then settle these in levels of the Gardens’.
فَتَقُولُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ: يَا رَبَّنَا مَا مَطَايَاهَا فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَ مَا الَّذِي حَمَلْتُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَيَقُولُونَ: تَوْحِيدَهُ لَكَ، وَ إِيمَانَهُ بِنَبِيِّكَ. فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: فَمَطَايَاهَا مُوَالاةُ عَلِيٍّ أَخِي نَبِيِّي، وَ مُوَالاةُ الْأَئِمَّةِ الطَّاهِرِينَ، فَإِنْ أُتِيَتْ فَهِيَ الْحَامِلَةُ الرَّافِعَةُ الْوَاضِعَةُ لَهَا فِي الْجِنَانِ
So the Angels are saying, ‘O our Lord-azwj! What are their runners?’. So Allah-azwj the Exalted is Saying: “And what is which you are carrying from him?’ They are saying, ‘His (belief in) Tawheed for You-azwj and his Eman with Your-azwj Prophet-saww’. So Allah-azwj the Exalted is Saying: “So its runner is the Wilayah of the brother-asws of My-azwj Prophet-saww, and the Wilayah of the Imams-asws, the clean. Thus, if it comes, then it would be the carrier, the lifter, the placer of these in the Gardens”.
فَيَنْظُرُونَ فَإِذَا الرَّجُلُ مَعَ مَا لَهُ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَشْيَاءِ، لَيْسَ لَهُ مُوَالاةُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ الطَّيِّبِينَ مِنْ آلِهِ، وَ مُعَادَاةُ أَعْدَائِهِمْ
So they look around at the man with whom are these things, but there isn’t for him the Wilayah of Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws and the goodly ones from his-asws Progeny-asws, and the enmity of his-asws enemies,
فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لِلْأَمْلَاكِ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا حَامِلِيهَا: اعْتَزِلُوهَا، وَ الْحَقُوا بِمَرَاكِزِكُمْ مِنْ مَلَكُوتِي- لِيَأْتِهَا مَنْ هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِحَمْلِهَا، وَ وَضْعِهَا فِي مَوْضِعِ اسْتِحْقَاقِهَا. فَتَلْحَقُ تِلْكَ الْأَمْلَاكُ بِمَرَاكِزِهَا الْمَجْعُولَةِ لَهَا
So Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted is Saying to the Angels who were the carriers: “Isolate these, and join up with your positions from My-azwj Kingdom so that he would bring these, the one who is more rightful with carrying these and placing these in a rightful place!”’. So those Angels join up with their positions made for these.
ثُمَّ يُنَادِي مُنَادِي رَبِّنَا عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يَا أَيَّتُهَا الزَّبَانِيَةُ تَنَاوَلِيهَا، وَ حُطِّيهَا إِلى سَواءِ الْجَحِيمِ، لِأَنَّ صَاحِبَهَا لَمْ يَجْعَلْ لَهَا مَطَايَا- مِنْ مُوَالاةِ عَلِيٍّ وَ الطَّيِّبِينَ مِنْ آلِهِ ع
Then a caller of our Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic calls out, ‘O you Zabaniyya (Angels of Hell)! Grab these and place these in the midst of the Blazing Fire, because their owner did not make a runner to be for these – from the Wilayah of Ali-asws and the goodly ones from his-asws Progeny-asws!
قَالَ [رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص]: فَتَنَاوَلَ تِلْكَ الْأَمْلَاكُ، وَ يُقَلِّبُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ تِلْكَ الْأَثْقَالَ أَوْزَاراً وَ بَلَايَا- عَلَى بَاعِثِهَا لِمَا فَارَقَتْهَا مَطَايَاهَا- مِنْ مُوَالاةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘So those Angels would grab (those deeds) and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Transform those loads as burdens (of sins) and afflictions upon its urging due to their separation of their runner – from the Wilayah of Amir Al-Momineen-asws.
وَ نَادَتْ تِلْكَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ إِلَى مُخَالَفَتِهِ لِعَلِيٍّ ع، وَ مُوَالاتِهِ لِأَعْدَائِهِ. فَيُسَلِّطُهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ هِيَ فِي صُورَةِ الْأَسْوَدِ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْأَعْمَالِ، وَ هِيَ كَالْغِرْبَانِ وَ الْقَرْقَسِ فَتَخْرُجُ مِنْ أَفْوَاهِ تِلْكَ الْأَسْوَدِ نِيرَانٌ تُحْرِقُهَا، وَ لَا يَبْقَى لَهُ عَمَلٌ إِلَّا أُحْبِطَ وَ يَبْقَى عَلَيْهِ مُوَالاتُهُ لِأَعْدَاءِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ جَحْدُهُ وَلَايَتَهُ، فَيُقِرُّهُ ذَلِكَ فِي سَوَاءِ الْجَحِيمِ فَإِذَا هُوَ قَدْ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُ، وَ عَظُمَتْ أَوْزَارُهُ وَ أَثْقَالُهُ
And those Angels (of Hell) would call out to his opposition to Ali-asws and his friendship to his-asws enemies, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Cause these to be overcome by an image of a black snake upon those deeds, and it would be like the crows and the insects. So flames would come out from the mouth of that black snake incinerating these, and there would not remain a (single) deed for him except it would be thwarted, and there would remain upon him his Wilayah to the enemies of Ali-asws and his rejection of his-asws Wilayah. So he would admit that in the midst of the Blazing Fire, and his deeds would have been thwarted, and his burden would be greater and heavier.
فَهَذَا أَسْوَأُ حَالًا مِنْ مَانِعِ الزَّكَاةِ الَّذِي يَحْفَظُ الصَّلَاةَ
So this is the one of a state more evil than the preventer of the Zakat who preserved the Salat’.[65]
VERSE 24
أَصْحَابُ الْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَيْرٌ مُسْتَقَرًّا وَأَحْسَنُ مَقِيلًا {24}
The companions of the Paradise on that day would be in a goodly settlement and an excellent resting place [25:24]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: و في رواية أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام) في قوله تعالى: أَصْحابُ الْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَيْرٌ مُسْتَقَرًّا وَ أَحْسَنُ مَقِيلًا فبلغنا- و الله أعلم- أنه إذا استوى أهل النار إلى النار لينطلق بهم قبل أن يدخلوا النار، فيقال لهم: ادخلوا إلى ظل ذي ثلاث شعب من دخان النار فيحسبون أنها الجنة، ثم يدخلون النار أفواجا، و ذلك نصف النهار
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘And in a report of Abu Al-Jaroud, from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: The companions of the Paradise on that day would be in a goodly settlement and an excellent resting place [25:24], so it has reached us – and Allah-azwj Knows best – that he-asws said: ‘When the people of the Fire are turned towards the Fire, before they enter the Fire, it would be said to them: ‘Enter into the shade which has three types of smoke of the Fire’. So they would reckon that it is the Paradise. Then they would enter the Fire in droves, and that would be midday.
و أقبل أهل الجنة فيما اشتهوا من التحف، حتى يعطوا منازلهم في الجنة نصف النهار، فذلك قول الله عز و جل: أَصْحابُ الْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَيْرٌ مُسْتَقَرًّا وَ أَحْسَنُ مَقِيلًا
And the people of the Paradise would be welcomed with coveted gifts, until they come to their dwellings in the Paradise, at midday. So that is in the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: The companions of the Paradise on that day would be in a goodly settlement and an excellent resting place [25:24]’.[66]
محمد بن يعقوب: عن علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن عمرو بن عثمان، و عدة من أصحابنا، عن سهل بن زياد، عن أحمد بن محمد بن أبي نصر، و الحسن بن علي جميعا، عن أبي جميلة مفضل بن صالح، عن جابر، عن عبد الأعلى، و علي بن إبراهيم، عن محمد بن عيسى، عن يونس، عن إبراهيم، عن عبد الأعلى، عن سويد بن غفلة، قال: قال أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)- في حديث إذا وضع المؤمن في قبره-: «ثم يفسحان- يعني الملكين- له في قبره مد بصره، ثم يفتحان له بابا إلى الجنة، ثم يقولان له: نم قرير العين، نوم الشاب الناعم، فإن الله عز و جل يقول: أَصْحابُ الْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَيْرٌ مُسْتَقَرًّا وَ أَحْسَنُ مَقِيلًا
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Amro Bin Usman, and a number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, and Al-Hassan Bin Ali altogether, from Abu Jameela MufazzAl-Bin Salih, from Jabir, from Abdul A’la, and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Ibrahim, from Abdul A’ala, from Suweyd Bin Ghaflat who said,
‘Amir-Al- Momineen-asws said in a Hadeeth of when a Momin is placed in his grave: ‘Then the two Angels would expand his grave to the extent of his vision, then open for him the Gateway to the Paradise, then they both say to him: ‘Sleep with the delight of the eyes, like the sleeping of the young man when he sleeps, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: The companions of the Paradise on that day would be in a goodly settlement and an excellent resting place [25:24]’.[67]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ وَ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ وَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ مُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى عَنْ سُوَيْدِ بْنِ غَفَلَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( صلوات الله عليه ) إِنَّ ابْنَ آدَمَ إِذَا كَانَ فِي آخِرِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ أَيَّامِ الدُّنْيَا وَ أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ أَيَّامِ الْآخِرَةِ مُثِّلَ لَهُ مَالُهُ وَ وَلَدُهُ وَ عَمَلُهُ فَيَلْتَفِتُ إِلَى مَالِهِ فَيَقُولُ وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ عَلَيْكَ حَرِيصاً شَحِيحاً فَمَا لِي عِنْدَكَ فَيَقُولُ خُذْ مِنِّي كَفَنَكَ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Amro Bin Usman, and a number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, and Al Hassan Bin Ali, altogether from Abu Jameela Mufazzal Bin Salih, from Jabir, from Abdul A’ala and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Ibrahim, from Abdul A’ala, from Suweyd Bin Ghafala who said,
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The son of Adam-as, when he is in the last day from the days of the world, and the first day from the days of the Hereafter, a resemblance is made for him, of his wealth, and his children, and his deeds. So he turns towards his wealth, and he is saying, ‘By Allah-azwj! I was greedy upon you, tight-fisted, so what is for me, with you?’ So it is saying, ‘Take your shroud from me’.
قَالَ فَيَلْتَفِتُ إِلَى وَلَدِهِ فَيَقُولُ وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ لَكُمْ مُحِبّاً وَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ مُحَامِياً فَمَا ذَا لِي عِنْدَكُمْ فَيَقُولُونَ نُؤَدِّيكَ إِلَى حُفْرَتِكَ نُوَارِيكَ فِيهَا
He-asws said: ‘So he turns towards his children, and he is saying, ‘By Allah-azwj! I was loving you, and I was a protector over you, so what is that which is for me, with you?’ So they are saying, ‘We shall accompany you to your pit and cast you in it’.
قَالَ فَيَلْتَفِتُ إِلَى عَمَلِهِ فَيَقُولُ وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ فِيكَ لَزَاهِداً وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ عَلَيَّ لَثَقِيلًا فَمَا ذَا عِنْدَكَ فَيَقُولُ أَنَا قَرِينُكَ فِي قَبْرِكَ وَ يَوْمِ نَشْرِكَ حَتَّى أُعْرَضَ أَنَا وَ أَنْتَ عَلَى رَبِّكَ
He-asws said: ‘So he is turning to his deeds, and he is saying, ‘I was abstaining from you and you were heavy upon me, so what is that (for me), with you?’ So these are saying, ‘We are your pair in your grave and on the Day you are Resurrected until us and you are presented to your Lord-azwj’.
قَالَ فَإِنْ كَانَ لِلَّهِ وَلِيّاً أَتَاهُ أَطْيَبُ النَّاسِ رِيحاً وَ أَحْسَنُهُمْ مَنْظَراً وَ أَحْسَنُهُمْ رِيَاشاً فَقَالَ أَبْشِرْ بِرَوْحٍ وَ رَيْحَانٍ وَ جَنَّةِ نَعِيمٍ وَ مَقْدَمُكَ خَيْرُ مَقْدَمٍ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ مَنْ أَنْتَ فَيَقُولُ أَنَا عَمَلُكَ الصَّالِحُ ارْتَحِلْ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ
He-asws said: ‘So if he was a friend of Allah-azwj, there would come to him a person with the most aromatic of fragrances, and best of the looks, and best of the feathers (wings), so he says, ‘Receive glad tidings of the cool breezes and the aromas, and the Garden of Bliss, and your future is the best of the futures’. So he is saying to him, ‘Who are you?’ So he is saying, ‘I am your righteous deeds, having migrated from the world to the Paradise’.
وَ إِنَّهُ لَيَعْرِفُ غَاسِلَهُ وَ يُنَاشِدُ حَامِلَهُ أَنْ يُعَجِّلَهُ فَإِذَا أُدْخِلَ قَبْرَهُ أَتَاهُ مَلَكَا الْقَبْرِ يَجُرَّانِ أَشْعَارَهُمَا وَ يَخُدَّانِ الْأَرْضَ بِأَقْدَامِهِمَا أَصْوَاتُهُمَا كَالرَّعْدِ الْقَاصِفِ وَ أَبْصَارُهُمَا كَالْبَرْقِ الْخَاطِفِ فَيَقُولَانِ لَهُ مَنْ رَبُّكَ وَ مَا دِينُكَ وَ مَنْ نَبِيُّكَ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ رَبِّي وَ دِينِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ وَ نَبِيِّي مُحَمَّدٌ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فَيَقُولَانِ لَهُ ثَبَّتَكَ اللَّهُ فِيمَا تُحِبُّ وَ تَرْضَى وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُثَبِّتُ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا وَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ
And he recognises the one who washes him, and calls upon his bearers to hasten him. So when he enters into his grave, two Angels of the grave comes over to him, their hair flowing and piercing the ground with their feet, their voices being like the echoing thunder, and their eyes being like the rapid lightning. So they are saying to him: ‘Who is your Lord-azwj, and what is your Religion, and who is your Prophet-as?’ So he is saying, ‘Allah-azwj is my Lord-azwj, and my Religion is Islam, and my Prophet-saww is Muhammad-saww’. So they are saying to him, ‘May Allah-azwj Affirm your feet in what you love and are pleased with’, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Allah Affirms those who believe with the Firm Word in the life of the world and in the Hereafter [14:27].
ثُمَّ يَفْسَحَانِ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ مَدَّ بَصَرِهِ ثُمَّ يَفْتَحَانِ لَهُ بَاباً إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ ثُمَّ يَقُولَانِ لَهُ نَمْ قَرِيرَ الْعَيْنِ نَوْمَ الشَّابِّ النَّاعِمِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ أَصْحابُ الْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَيْرٌ مُسْتَقَرًّا وَ أَحْسَنُ مَقِيلًا
Then they are expanding for him in his grave to the extent of his vision. Then they are opening for him a door to the Paradise, then they are saying to him: ‘Sleep with delighted eyes, the sleep of the sleeping youth, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: The companions of the Paradise on that day would be in a goodly settlement and an excellent resting place [25:24].
قَالَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لِرَبِّهِ عَدُوّاً فَإِنَّهُ يَأْتِيهِ أَقْبَحُ مَنْ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ زِيّاً وَ رُؤْيَا وَ أَنْتَنُهُ رِيحاً فَيَقُولُ لَهُ أَبْشِرْ بِنُزُلٍ مِنْ حَمِيمٍ وَ تَصْلِيَةِ جَحِيمٍ وَ إِنَّهُ لَيَعْرِفُ غَاسِلَهُ وَ يُنَاشِدُ حَمَلَتَهُ أَنْ يَحْبِسُوهُ
He-asws said: ‘And if he was an enemy of his Lord-azwj, so there would come to him the ugliest of the ones Created by Allah-azwj in apparel and looks, and the most pungent of smells, and he would be saying to him: ‘Receive the news: He shall descend from the boiling water [56:93] And arrive in the Blazing Fire [56:94]. And he recognises the one who washes him, and calls out to his bearers that that should withhold him.
فَإِذَا أُدْخِلَ الْقَبْرَ أَتَاهُ مُمْتَحِنَا الْقَبْرِ فَأَلْقَيَا عَنْهُ أَكْفَانَهُ ثُمَّ يَقُولَانِ لَهُ مَنْ رَبُّكَ وَ مَا دِينُكَ وَ مَنْ نَبِيُّكَ فَيَقُولُ لَا أَدْرِي فَيَقُولَانِ لَا دَرَيْتَ وَ لَا هَدَيْتَ فَيَضْرِبَانِ يَافُوخَهُ بِمِرْزَبَةٍ مَعَهُمَا ضَرْبَةً مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ دَابَّةٍ إِلَّا وَ تَذْعَرُ لَهَا مَا خَلَا الثَّقَلَيْنِ
So when he does enter into his grave, two examiners of the grave come over to him, so they remove his shroud from him, they are saying to him: ‘Who is your Lord-azwj, and what is your Religion, and who is your Prophet-saww’. He is saying, ‘I do not know’. They are saying: ‘You neither know nor did you have any guidance’. So they strike him on his forehead with a hammer with them with such a strike that there would not be a creature of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, from the animals, except that it would be frightened by it, except for the human beings and the Jinn.
ثُمَّ يَفْتَحَانِ لَهُ بَاباً إِلَى النَّارِ ثُمَّ يَقُولَانِ لَهُ نَمْ بِشَرِّ حَالٍ فِيهِ مِنَ الضَّيْقِ مِثْلُ مَا فِيهِ الْقَنَا مِنَ الزُّجِّ حَتَّى إِنَّ دِمَاغَهُ لَيَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْنِ ظُفُرِهِ وَ لَحْمِهِ وَ يُسَلِّطُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ حَيَّاتِ الْأَرْضِ وَ عَقَارِبَهَا وَ هَوَامَّهَا فَتَنْهَشُهُ حَتَّى يَبْعَثَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ قَبْرِهِ وَ إِنَّهُ لَيَتَمَنَّى قِيَامَ السَّاعَةِ فِيمَا هُوَ فِيهِ مِنَ الشَّرِّ
Then they are opening for him a door to the Fire (of Hell), then they are saying to him: ‘Sleep in an evil state wherein is the straightness like what is in the arrow stick into the arrow head’, until his brain would come out from between his nails and his flesh. And Allah-azwj would Make the snakes of the earth, and its scorpions, and its vermins to overcome him. So they would be ravaging him until Allah-azwj Resurrects him from his grave, and he would be longing from the establishment of the House, due to what he would be in, from the evil’.
وَ قَالَ جَابِرٌ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَنْظُرُ إِلَى الْإِبِلِ وَ الْغَنَمِ وَ أَنَا أَرْعَاهَا وَ لَيْسَ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ رَعَى الْغَنَمَ وَ كُنْتُ أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا قَبْلَ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ هِيَ مُتَمَكِّنَةٌ فِي الْمَكِينَةِ مَا حَوْلَهَا شَيْءٌ يُهَيِّجُهَا حَتَّى تَذْعَرَ فَتَطِيرَ
And Jabir (the narrator) said, ‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘I-saww used to look at the camels and the sheep and I-saww was pasturing them – and there is none from a Prophet-as except that he-as had pastured the sheep – and I-saww used to look at them before the Prophet-hood and they were calm in their enclosure, there not being anything around them, suddenly get irritated and panic, frightened.
فَأَقُولُ مَا هَذَا وَ أَعْجَبُ حَتَّى حَدَّثَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ ( عليه السلام ) أَنَّ الْكَافِرَ يُضْرَبُ ضَرْبَةً مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ شَيْئاً إِلَّا سَمِعَهَا وَ يَذْعَرُ لَهَا إِلَّا الثَّقَلَيْنِ فَقُلْتُ ذَلِكَ لِضَرْبَةِ الْكَافِرِ فَنَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ
So I-saww said: ‘What is this, and how strange it is? Until Jibraeel-as narrated to me-saww that the Infidel is struck with such a strike, there is no creature Created by Allah-azwj except that it hears it and is frightened by it, except for the human beings and the Jinn’. So I-saww said: ‘(If) that is due to one strike upon the Infidel, so we seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the Punishment of the grave’.[68]
VERSE 25
وَيَوْمَ تَشَقَّقُ السَّمَاءُ بِالْغَمَامِ وَنُزِّلَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ تَنْزِيلًا {25}
And on the Day the sky shall rent asunder with the clouds, and the Angels shall descend in stages [25:25]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثنا محمد بن همام، قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مالك، عن محمد ابن حمدان، عن محمد بن سنان، عن يونس بن ظبيان، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال: سألته عن قول الله عز و جل: وَ يَوْمَ تَشَقَّقُ السَّماءُ بِالْغَمامِ وَ نُزِّلَ الْمَلائِكَةُ تَنْزِيلًا، قال: «الغمام: أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Hamaam, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Maalik, from Muhammad Ibn Hamdan, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Yunus Bin Tibyan, who has narrated:
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And on the Day the sky shall rent asunder with the clouds, and the Angels shall descend in stages [25:25], he-asws said: ‘The clouds (الغمام) – Amir-Al- Momineen-asws’.[69]
VERSE 26
الْمُلْكُ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْحَقُّ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ ۚ وَكَانَ يَوْمًا عَلَى الْكَافِرِينَ عَسِيرًا {26}
The Kingdom on that Day would be the Right of the Beneficent, and it would be a difficult Day upon the Kafirs [25:26]
محمد بن العباس، قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن علي، عن أبيه الحسن، عن أبيه، عن علي بن أسباط، قال: روى أصحابنا في قول الله عز و جل: الْمُلْكُ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْحَقُّ لِلرَّحْمنِ، قال: «إن الملك للرحمن اليوم و قبل اليوم و بعد اليوم، و لكن إذا قام القائم (عليه السلام) لم يعبد إلا الله عز و جل بالطاعة
Muhammad Bin Al-Abbas, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Ali, from his father Al-Hassan, from his father, from Ali Bin Asbaat who said,
‘Our companions have narrated with regards to the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: The Kingdom on that Day would be the Right of the Beneficent [25:26], he-asws said: ‘The Kingdom would be for the Beneficent on the Day, and (it was) before the Day, and (would be) after the Day, but when Al-Qaim-asws rises, none would be worshipped except for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic with the obedience’.[70]
VERSES 27 – 29
وَيَوْمَ يَعَضُّ الظَّالِمُ عَلَىٰ يَدَيْهِ يَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي اتَّخَذْتُ مَعَ الرَّسُولِ سَبِيلًا {27}
And on the Day, the unjust one would bite upon his hand saying, ‘O I wish I had taken Sabeel along with the Rasool!’ [25:27]
يَا وَيْلَتَىٰ لَيْتَنِي لَمْ أَتَّخِذْ فُلَانًا خَلِيلًا {28}
Oh! I wish I had not taken so and so as a friend! [25:28]
لَقَدْ أَضَلَّنِي عَنِ الذِّكْرِ بَعْدَ إِذْ جَاءَنِي ۗ وَكَانَ الشَّيْطَانُ لِلْإِنْسَانِ خَذُولًا {29}
He strayed me away from the Zikr after when it had come to me; and the Satan has always abandoned the human being! [25:29]
محمد بن العباس، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن القاسم، عن أحمد بن محمد السياري، عن محمد بن خالد، عن حماد، عن حريز، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال: «قوله عز و جل: يا لَيْتَنِي اتَّخَذْتُ مَعَ الرَّسُولِ سَبِيلًا يعني علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام)
Muhammad Bin Al-Abbas, from Ahmad Bin Al-Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al-Sayyari, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Hamaad, from Hareyz,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And on the Day, the unjust one would bite upon his hand saying, ‘O I wish I had taken Sabeel along with the Rasool!’ [25:27] – (Sabeel) Meaning Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.[71]
وعن محمد بن جمهور، عن حماد بن عيسى، عن حريز، عن رجل، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، أنه قال: «يَوْمَ يَعَضُّ الظَّالِمُ عَلى يَدَيْهِ يَقُولُ يا لَيْتَنِي اتَّخَذْتُ مَعَ الرَّسُولِ سَبِيلًا يا وَيْلَتى لَيْتَنِي لَمْ أَتَّخِذْ فُلاناً خَلِيلًا- قال- يقول الأول للثاني
And from Muhammad Bin Jamhour, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from a man,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘And on the Day, the unjust one would bite upon his hand saying, ‘O I wish I had taken Sabeel along with the Rasool!’ [25:27] Oh! I wish I had not taken so and so as a friend! [25:28], said: ‘This is what the first one (Abu Bakr) would be saying for the second one (Umar)’.[72]
قال: و قال أبو جعفر (عليه السلام): «يقول: يا ليتني اتخذت مع الرسول عليا وليا: يا وَيْلَتى لَيْتَنِي لَمْ أَتَّخِذْ فُلاناً خَلِيلًا يعني الثاني لَقَدْ أَضَلَّنِي عَنِ الذِّكْرِ بَعْدَ إِذْ جاءَنِي، يعني الولاية وَ كانَ الشَّيْطانُ و هو الثاني لِلْإِنْسانِ خَذُولًا
(Ali Bin Ibrahim) said,
‘And Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘He (Abu Bakr) would be saying, ‘O I wish I had taken [25:28] Ali-asws as a Guardian along with the Rasool-saww!’ Oh! I wish I had not taken so and so as a friend! [25:28] – Meaning the second one (Umar). He strayed me away from the Zikr after when it had come to me [25:29] – meaning the Wilayah, and the Satan – and he is the second one (Umar), has always abandoned the human being! [25:29]’.[73]
الشيباني: عن الباقر و الصادق (عليهما السلام): «السبيل هاهنا: علي (عليه السلام)، يا وَيْلَتى لَيْتَنِي لَمْ أَتَّخِذْ فُلاناً خَلِيلًا لَقَدْ أَضَلَّنِي عَنِ الذِّكْرِ يعني عليا (عليه السلام)
Al-Shaybani,
(It has been narrated) from Al-Baqir-asws and Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The Sabeel over here is Ali-asws. Oh! I wish I had not taken so and so as a friend! [25:28] He strayed me away from the Zikr [25:29] – meaning Ali-asws’.[74]
محمد بن يعقوب: عن محمد بن علي بن معمر، عن محمد بن علي بن عكاية التميمي، عن الحسين بن النضر الفهري، عن أبي عمرو الأوزاعي، عن عمرو بن شمر، عن جابر بن يزيد، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، عن أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، في خطبة الوسيلة، قال أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) فِيَّ مَنَاقِبُ لَوْ ذَكَرْتُهَا لَعَظُمَ بِهَا الِارْتِفَاعُ فَطَالَ لَهَا الِاسْتِمَاعُ وَ لَئِنْ تَقَمَّصَهَا دُونِيَ الْأَشْقَيَانِ وَ نَازَعَانِي فِيمَا لَيْسَ لَهُمَا بِحَقٍّ وَ رَكِبَاهَا ضَلَالَةً وَ اعْتَقَدَاهَا جَهَالَةً فَلَبِئْسَ مَا عَلَيْهِ وَرَدَا وَ لَبِئْسَ مَا لِأَنْفُسِهِمَا مَهَّدَا
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Muhammad Bin Al-Bin Mo’mar, from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Akayat Al-Tameemi, from Al-Husayn Al-Nazar Al-Fahry, from Abu Amro Al-Awza’ie, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir Bin Yazeed,
Abu Ja’far-asws, from Amir-Al-Momineen-asws in Sermon of the Means (خطبة الوسيلة), Amir-Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘If I-asws were to mention my-asws merits, its loftiness would be great, and it’s listening prolonged. And about me-asws, two miserable ones (Abu Bakr and Umar) before me-asws disputed with me-asws regarding that in which they had no right over it, and they both rode its misguidance, and believed in the ignorance. So evil is what was to them both, what they both returned to, and evil is what they both made as a cradle for themselves.
يَتَلَاعَنَانِ فِي دُورِهِمَا وَ يَتَبَرَّأُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ يَقُولُ لِقَرِينِهِ إِذَا الْتَقَيَا يا لَيْتَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ بُعْدَ الْمَشْرِقَيْنِ فَبِئْسَ الْقَرِينُ فَيُجِيبُهُ الْأَشْقَى عَلَى رُثُوثَةٍ يَا لَيْتَنِي لَمْ أَتَّخِذْكَ خَلِيلًا لَقَدْ أَضْلَلْتَنِي عَنِ الذِّكْرِ بَعْدَ إِذْ جَاءَنِي وَ كَانَ الشَّيْطَانُ لِلْإِنْسَانِ خَذُولًا
They cursed each other in their own houses, and each one of them distanced himself from his companion saying to him when he met him, Until when he comes to Us, he will say, ‘Oh! If only between me and you was the distance of the east and the west!’ So evil is the associate [43:38], who answered him, the miserable one upon his ragged condition, O I wish I had not taken so and so as a friend! [25:28] He strayed me away from the Zikr after when it had come to me; and the Satan has always abandoned the human being! [25:29].
فَأَنَا الذِّكْرُ الَّذِي عَنْهُ ضَلَّ وَ السَّبِيلُ الَّذِي عَنْهُ مَالَ وَ الْإِيمَانُ الَّذِي بِهِ كَفَرَ وَ الْقُرْآنُ الَّذِي إِيَّاهُ هَجَرَ وَ الدِّينُ الَّذِي بِهِ كَذَّبَ وَ الصِّرَاطُ الَّذِي عَنْهُ نَكَبَ
So I-asws am the Zikr from which he went astray, and the Sabeel from which he deviated, and the Eman which he denied, and the Quran from which he forsook, and the Religion which he belied, and the Path from which he digressed!
وَ لَئِنْ رَتَعَا فِي الْحُطَامِ الْمُنْصَرِمِ وَ الْغُرُورِ الْمُنْقَطِعِ وَ كَانَا مِنْهُ عَلَى شَفَا حُفْرَةٍ مِنَ النَّارِ لَهُمَا عَلَى شَرِّ وُرُودٍ فِي أَخْيَبِ وُفُودٍ وَ أَلْعَنِ مَوْرُودٍ يَتَصَارَخَانِ بِاللَّعْنَةِ وَ يَتَنَاعَقَانِ بِالْحَسْرَةِ مَا لَهُمَا مِنْ رَاحَةٍ وَ لَا عَنْ عَذَابِهِمَا مِنْ مَنْدُوحَةٍ
And the debris which they lived upon in their constant pride, they were on it on the verge of the Fire (prepared) for them – an evil return among the wicked group, to a condemned destination. They will be shouting curses at each other grumbling with regret. There will be no rest for these two (Abu Bakr and Umar), nor any respite from their inevitable Punishment.[75]
قَالَ الْإِمَامُ ع: عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص، قَالَ: مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ وَ لَا أَمَةٍ- أَعْطَى بَيْعَةَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيٍّ ع فِي الظَّاهِرِ، وَ نَكَثَهَا فِي الْبَاطِنِ وَ أَقَامَ عَلَى نِفَاقِهِ- إِلَّا وَ إِذَا جَاءَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ لِيَقْبِضَ رُوحَهُ- تَمَثَّلَ لَهُ إِبْلِيسُ وَ أَعْوَانُهُ
The Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws, from Rasool-Allah-saww having said: ‘There is none from a servant nor from a maid who gave allegiance to Amir-Al-Momineen-asws in the apparent, and broke it in the hidden, and stood upon being hypocritical to him-asws – except that when the Angel of death comes to capture his soul – Iblees-la and his-la assistants are resembled for him.
وَ تَمَثَّلَ النِّيرَانُ وَ أَصْنَافُ عَذَابِهَا لِعَيْنَيْهِ وَ قَلْبِهِ وَ مَقَاعِدِهِ مِنْ مَضَايِقِهَا. وَ تَمَثَّلَ لَهُ أَيْضاً الْجِنَانُ وَ مَنَازِلُهُ فِيهَا- لَوْ كَانَ بَقِيَ عَلَى إِيمَانِهِ، وَ وَفَى بِبَيْعَتِهِ
And the Fires and the types of its Punishments are resembles for his sight, and his heart, and his seat from its narrowness. And there are resembled for him as well, the Gardens and its houses therein – had he remained upon his Eman and been loyal with his allegiance.
فَيَقُولُ لَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ: انْظُرْ فَتِلْكَ الْجِنَانُ الَّتِي لَا يُقَدِّرُ قَدْرَ سَرَّائِهَا وَ بَهْجَتِهَا وَ سُرُورِهَا إِلَّا اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ- كَانَتْ مُعَدَّةً لَكَ، فَلَوْ كُنْتَ بَقِيْتَ عَلَى وَلَايَتِكَ لِأَخِي مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ إِلَيْهَا مَصِيرُكَ يَوْمَ فَصْلِ الْقَضَاءِ
So the Angel of death is saying to him, ‘Look! Those are the Gardens which cannot be measured, the extent if its extensiveness, and its joys and its pleasures, except by Allah-azwj, Lord-azwj of the worlds. These had been prepared for you, if only you had remain upon your Wilayah of the brother-asws Muhammad-saww, Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj, your destination would have been to it on the day of Decisive Judgment.
لَكِنَّكَ (نَكَثْتَ وَ خَالَفْتَ) فَتِلْكَ النِّيرَانُ وَ أَصْنَافُ عَذَابِهَا- وَ زَبَانِيَتُهَا وَ مِرْزَبَاتُهَا وَ أَفَاعِيهَا الْفَاغِرَةُ أَفْوَاهَهَا، وَ عَقَارِبُهَا النَّصَّابَةُ أَذْنَابَهَا، وَ سِبَاعُهَا الشَّائِلَةُ مَخَالِبَهَا، وَ سَائِرُ أَصْنَافِ عَذَابِهَا هُوَ لَكَ وَ إِلَيْهَا مَصِيرُكَ
فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ: «يا لَيْتَنِي اتَّخَذْتُ مَعَ الرَّسُولِ سَبِيلًا» فَقَبِلْتُ مَا أَمَرَنِي- وَ الْتَزَمْتُ مِنْ مُوَالاةِ عَلِيٍّ ع مَا أَلْزَمَنِي
So during that he would be saying, ‘O I wish I had taken Sabeel along with the Rasool!’ [25:27], by accepting whatever he-asws had ordered me for and necessitated the friendship of Ali-asws what was necessitated upon me’.[76]
وقال أيضا: روي عن الباقر و الصادق (عليهما السلام): «أن هذه الآيات نزلت في رجلين من مشايخ قريش، أسلما بألسنتهما و كانا ينافقان النبي (عليه السلام)، و آخى بينهما يوم الإخاء، فصد أحدهما صاحبه عن الهدى، فهلكا جميعا
And he (Al-Shaybani) said as well –
‘It has been reported from Al-Baqir-asws and Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘These Verses were Revealed regarding two men from the sheykhs of Quraysh. They professed to Islam with their tongues and were hypocritical to the Prophet-saww, and brotherhood was established between them on the day of the establishment of the brotherhood. So one of them pushed his companions away from the guidance. Thus both of them were destroyed.
فحكى الله تعالى حكايتهما في الآخرة، و قولهما عند ما ينزل عليهما من العذاب، فيحزن و يتأسف على ما قدم، و يتندم حيث لم ينفعه الندم
Therefore Allah-azwj has Related about the two of them in the Hereafter, and the words of the both of them during the descent of the Punishment upon them. So, he would grieve and say sorry upon what he had done, and he would regret, when the regret would be of no benefit’.[77]
The Altered Verse
وعن محمد بن إسماعيل (رحمه الله)، بإسناده عن جعفر بن محمد الطيار، عن أبي الخطاب، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، أنه قال: «و الله ما كنى الله في كتابه حتى قال: يا وَيْلَتى لَيْتَنِي لَمْ أَتَّخِذْ فُلاناً خَلِيلًا، و إنما هي في مصحف علي (عليه السلام): يا ويلتي ليتني لم أتخذ الثاني خليلا، و سيظهر يوما
And from Muhammad Bin Ismail, by his chain, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al-Tayyar, from Abu Al-Khattab,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘By Allah-azwj! What nickname Allah-azwj has in His-azwj Book until He-azwj Said: O I wish I had not taken so and so as a friend! [25:28]. But rather, it is in the Parchment (Quran) of Ali-asws as: Oh! I wish I had not taken the second one (Umar) as a friend! [25:28]. And one day it will become apparent’’.[78]
VERSE 30
وَقَالَ الرَّسُولُ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ قَوْمِي اتَّخَذُوا هَٰذَا الْقُرْآنَ مَهْجُورًا {30}
And the Rasool would say: O Lord! Surely, my people treated this Quran as a forsaken thing [25:30]
محمد بن يعقوب: بإسناده عن جابر بن يزيد، عن أبي جعفر، عن أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، في الخطبة التي تقدمت قبل هذه الآية من قول أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام): «فأنا الذكر الذي عنه ضل، و السبيل الذي عنه مال، و الإيمان الذي به كفر، و القرآن الذي إياه هجر، و الدين الذي به كذب
Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, by his chain from Jabir Bin Yzaeed,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws, from Amir-al- Momineen-asws in the sermon regarding the Verse preceding this one, from the words of Amir-al-Momineen-asws having said: So I-asws am the Zikr from which he went astray, and the Sabeel from which he deviated, and the Eman which he denied, and the Quran which he forsook, and the Religion which he belied![79]
VERSE 31
وَكَذَٰلِكَ جَعَلْنَا لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ عَدُوًّا مِنَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ ۗ وَكَفَىٰ بِرَبِّكَ هَادِيًا وَنَصِيرًا {31}
And like that, We Made for every Prophet, an enemy from the criminals, and Suffice with your Lord as a Guide and a Helper [25:31]
أبو الفضل الطبرسي في (مشكاة الأنوار): يرفعه إلى الإمام الصادق (عليه السلام)، أنه قال: «ما كان و لا يكون و ليس بكائن، نبي و لا مؤمن، إلا و قد سلط عليه حميم يؤذيه، فإن لم يكن حكيم فجار يؤذيه، و ذلك قوله عز و جل: وَ كَذلِكَ جَعَلْنا لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ عَدُوًّا مِنَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ
Abu Al-Fazal Al-Tabarsy in Mishkat Al-Anwaar, raising it to
Imam Al-Sadiq-asws has said: ‘It has never been, nor is it now, nor will there ever be, a Prophet-as or a Momin, except that an intimate one (friend) would be Made to overcome him, to harm him. So if he does not become wise, the neighbour would hurt him. And these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And like that, We Made for every Prophet, an enemy from the criminals, and Suffice with your Lord as a Guide and a Helper [25:31]’.[80]
لما قدم معاوية المدينة صعد المنبر فخطب، و نال من أمير المؤمنين علي (عليه السلام)، فقام الحسن (عليه السلام)، فحمد الله و أثنى عليه، ثم قال: إن الله تعالى لم يبعث نبيا إلا جعل له عدوا من المجرمين، قال الله تعالى: وَ كَذلِكَ جَعَلْنا لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ عَدُوًّا مِنَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ
When Muawiya proceeded to Al-Medina, he ascended the Pulpit and preached a sermon and belittled Amir-Al-Momineen Ali-asws. So Al-Hassan-asws stood up, Praised Allah-azwj and Extolled Him-azwj, then said: ‘Surely, Allah-azwj the High never Sent a Prophet-as except that He-azwj Made for him-as an enemy from the criminals. Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: And like that, We Made for every Prophet, an enemy from the criminals [25:31].
فأنا ابن علي بن أبي طالب، و أنت ابن صخر، و أمك هند، و امي فاطمة، و جدتك قتيلة، و جدتي خديجة، فلعن الله الأدنى منا حسبا، و أخملنا ذكرا، و أعظمنا كفرا، و أشدنا نفاقا
I-asws am the son-asws of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and you are the son of Sakhar, and your mother is Hind, and my-asws mother-asws is (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and your grandmother is Quteyla and my-asws grandmother-asws is (Syeda) Khadija-asws. May Allah-azwj Curse the lowest from us in nobility, and worthless of us in mention, and greatest of us in disbelief, and the most intense of us in hypocrisy’.
فصاح أهل المسجد: آمين آمين. و قطع معاوية خطبته و دخل منزله
The people in the Masjid shouted, ‘Ameen! Ameen!’ And Muawiya cut short his sermon, and entered his house’.[81]
أبو الفضل الطبرسي في (مشكاة الأنوار): يرفعه إلى الإمام الصادق (عليه السلام)، أنه قال: «ما كان و لا يكون و ليس بكائن، نبي و لا مؤمن، إلا و قد سلط عليه حميم يؤذيه، فإن لم يكن حكيم فجار يؤذيه، و ذلك قوله عز و جل: وَ كَذلِكَ جَعَلْنا لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ عَدُوًّا مِنَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ
Abu Ali Al Tabarsy in (the book) Mishkaat Al Anwaar –
‘Raising it to the Imam Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘There has not been, nor is there, nor will there be, neither a Prophet-as nor a Momin, except would be made to overcome upon him, harming him. So if it does not happen to be a friend, then a neighbour harming him. And these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And like that, We Made for every Prophet, an enemy from the criminals [25:31].[82]
The criminals
و عنه، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن موسى النوفلي، عن محمد بن عبد الله، عن أبيه، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن زكريا الموصلي، عن جابر الجعفي، عن أبي جعفر، عن أبيه، عن جده (عليهم السلام): «أن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) قال لعلي (عليه السلام): يا علي، و المجرمون هم المنكرون لولايتك
And he said, ‘It was narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa Al-Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from his father, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Zakariya Al-Mowsaly, from Jabir Al-Ju’fy, who has narrated the following:
‘Abu Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws that: ‘The Prophet-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! And the criminals, they are the deniers of your-asws Wilayah’’.[83]
Appendix I: The nation of Raas (25: 38)
بالإسناد إلى الصدوق، عن أبيه وماجيلويه، عن محمد بن أبي القاسم، عن محمد بن علي، عن علي بن العباس، عن جعفر بن محمد البلخي، عن الحسن بن راشد، عن يعقوب بن إبراهيم قال: سأل رجل أبا الحسن موسى عليه السلام عن أصحاب الرس الذين ذكرهم الله من هم ؟ وممن هم ؟ وأي قوم كانوا ؟
By the chain to Al Sadouq, from his father and Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad bin Ali, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Balkhy, from Al Hassan Bin Rashid, from Yaqoub Bin Ibrahim who said,
‘A man asked Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws about the dwellers of the Al-Rass [25:38], those whom Allah-azwj Mentioned, ‘Who are they? And who are they from? And which people were they?’
فقال: كانا رسين: أما أحدهما فليس الذي ذكره الله في كتابه، كان أهله أهل بدو أصحاب شاء وغنم، فبعث الله تعالى إليهم صالح النبي رسولا ” فقتلوه، وبعث إليهم رسولا ” آخر فقتلوه، ثم بعث إليهم رسولا ” آخر وعضده بولي فقتل الرسول وجاهد الولي حتى أفحمهم
He-asws said: ‘There were two ‘Raas’s. As for one of them, it isn’t the one which Allah-azwj Mentioned in His-azwj Book. Its people were the people of the valleys, people of the ewes and sheep. Allah-azwj the Exalted Sent Salih-as the Prophet-as as a Messenger, but they killed him-as; and He-azwj Sent another Rasool-as to them but they killed him-as. Then He-azwj Sent another Rasool-as to them and Supported him-as with a guardian. The Rasool-as was killed and the guardian struggled until he-as confuted them.
وكانوا يقولون: إلهنا في البحر وكانوا على شفيره، وكان لهم عيد في السنة يخرج حوت عظيم من البحر في ذلك اليوم فيسجدون له، فقال ولي صالح لهم: لا اريد أن تجعلوني ربا، ولكن هل تجيبوني إلى ما دعوتكم إن أطاعني ذلك الحوت ؟ فقالوا: نعم، وأعطوه عهودا ومواثيق
They were saying, ‘Our god is in the sea’, and they were upon its edge, and there was a festival of theirs during the year in which a great whale would come out to them from the sea during that day, and they would be prostrating to it. A guardian of Salih-as of their said to them, ‘I do not want you to make me a lord, but will you answer me to what I call you towards, if that whale were to obey me?’ They said, ‘Yes’. And they obeyed him and made a pact and a covenant.
فخرج حوت راكب على أربعة أحوات، فلما نظروا إليه خروا سجدا “، فخرج ولي صالح النبي إليه وقال له: ايتني طوعا ” أو كرها بسم الله الكريم، فنزل عن أحواته فقال الولي: ايتني عليهن لئلا يكون من القوم في أمري شك، فأتى الحوت إلى البر يجرها وتجره إلى عند ولي صالح، فكذبوه بعد ذلك
A whale came out riding upon four whales. When they looked at it, they fell down in Sajdah. The righteous rules came out and said to it, ‘Come to me willingly or forcefully in the Name of Allah-azwj the Benevolent!’. It descended from the whales. The guardian said, ‘Come to me upon them, lest there happens to be a doubt regarding my matter’. The whale came to the land, dragging itself to be in the presence of guardian of Salih-as. But they belied him after that.
فأرسل الله إليهم ريحا ” فقذفهم في اليم أي البحر ومواشيهم، فأتى الوحي إلى ولي صالح بموضع ذلك البئر وفيها الذهب والفضة، فانطلق فأخذه ففضه على أصحابه بالسوية على الصغير والكبير
Allah-azwj Sent a wind to them, and it threw them all into the water, i.e. the sea, along with their livestock. The Revelation came to the guardian of Salih-as in the place of that well, and therein was the gold and the silver. He went and took it and rushed to his companions with the equality upon the young and the old’’.[84]
Appendix II: Evil deeds of a believer will be converted into good deeds
فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ أَوْقَفَ اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ عَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ عَمَلَهُ فَيَنْظُرُ فِي صَحِيفَتِهِ فَأَوَّلُ مَا يَرَى سَيِّئَاتُهُ فَيَتَغَيَّرُ لِذَلِكَ لَوْنُهُ وَ تَرْتَعِشُ فَرَائِصُهُ
Tafseer Al Qummi – My father, from Ja’far and Ibrahim,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, Allah-azwj will Pause the Momin in front of Him-azwj and Present his deeds to him. He will look into his register, so the first of what he would see are his evil deeds. His colour will change at that, and his limbs will tremble.
Then He-azwj will Present his good deeds to him, so his soul will rejoice at that. Allah-azwj will Say; ‘Replace his evil deeds into good deed and manifest it to the people!”.
ثُمَّ يَعْرِضُ عَلَيْهِ حَسَنَاتِهِ فَيَفْرَحُ لِذَلِكَ نَفْسُهُ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بَدِّلُوا سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ حَسَنَاتٍ وَ أَظْهِرُوهَا لِلنَّاسِ فَيُبَدَّلُ لَهُمْ فَيَقُولُ النَّاسُ أَ مَا كَانَ لِهَؤُلَاءِ سَيِّئَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ يُبَدِّلُ اللَّهُ سَيِّئاتِهِمْ حَسَناتٍ
So, it will be replaced to them. The people will say, ‘Weren’t there even one evil deed for them?’ And it is His-azwj Word: Allah would Replace their evil deeds with good deeds, [25:70]’’.[85]
[1] تفسير القمي، ج2، ص: 110
[2] الكافي 2: 461/ 11.
[3] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 42, The book of our Prophet-saww, Ch 11 H 24
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 89 – The Book of Quran – Ch 7 H 47 c
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 67 H 54
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 36, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 39 H 45 k
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 36, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 46 H 6
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 57 H 16
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 68 – The book of Eman and Kufr – Ch 65 H 6
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 36, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 39 H 192 a
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 24 H 30
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 24 H 28
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 24 H 31
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 24 H 32
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 24 H 33
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 89 – The Book of Quran – Ch 3 H 5
[17] The Nabatean Kingdom (3rd century BC – 106 AD) extended its greatest height between 85-71 BC in which they controlled Damascus. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabatieh The capital of the Nabataean Kingdom around 312 BC, Petra is famous for its remarkable rock-cut architecture. Located within the Shara Mountains, Petra was home to Dushara, the primary male god, accompanied by the female trinity: Al-‘Uzzá, Al-Lat, and Manāt.[2][14] A stele dedicated to the Edomite god Qos is located within the city. The Nabataeans worshipped pre-Islamic Arab gods and goddesses, along with deified kings such as Obodas I. Temple layout and design show influences from Roman, Greek, Egyptian, and Persian temple architecture, with the temples of Qasr al-Bint and the Temple of the Winged Lion serving as examples: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabataean_religion
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, S 1 Ch 2 H 5
[19] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 35 H 2
[20] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 36, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 39 H 50
[21] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 43 H 2
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 43 H 3
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 43 H 11
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 89 – The Book of Quran – Ch 12 H 10
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 41, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 109 H 10 a
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 43 H 2
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 68 – The book of Eman and Kufr – Ch 86 H 11
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 6, The book of Justice, S 3, Ch 14 H 5
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 89 – The Book of Quran – Ch 7 H 47 b
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 43 H 1
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 24, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 43 H 5
[32] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 6, The book of Justice, S 2, Ch 8 H 78
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 99 H 16
[34] ثواب الأعمال: 109.
[35] خواص القرآن: 9: 45 «مخطوط».
[36] الكافي 2: 461/ 11.
[37] الاختصاص: 44
[38] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج4، ص: 3 – H 4
[39] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج4، ص: 3 – H 5
[40] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج4، ص: 3 – H 6
[41] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج4، ص: 3 – H 7
[42] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج4، ص: 3 – H 19
[43] تفسير القمّي 2: 111.
[44] تفسير القمّي 2: 111
[45] Tafseer Imam Hassan Al-Askariasws – S 314 (Extract)
[46] تأويل الآيات 1: 371/ 1
[47] الغيبة: 85/ 15
[48] الغيبة: 84/ 13.
[49] تفسير القمّي 2: 112.
[50] المناقب 3: 103.
[51] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج4، ص: 8 – H 25
[52] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج4، ص: 8 – H 26
[53] تفسير نور الثقلين، ج4، ص: 8 – H 27
[54] الأمالي 1: 56.
[55] الكافي 1: 163/ 1. (Extract)
[56] معاني الأخبار: 265/ 2.
[57] تأويل الآيات 1: 372/ 3
[58] الاختصاص: 359 (Extract)
[59] تفسير القمّي 2: 395. (Extract)
[60] تفسير القمّي 2: 112.
[61] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 39 H 5
[62] الأمالي 1: 139.
[63] Tafseer Noor Al-Saqalayn – CH 88 H 9
[64] Basaair Al-Darajaat – P 9 Ch 4 H 15
[65] Tafseer Imam Hassan Al Askariasws – S 39
[66] تفسير القمّي 2: 113
[67] الكافي 3: 231/ 1.
[68] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book Of Funerals CH 85 H 1
[69] تفسير القمّي 2: 113.
[70] تأويل الآيات 1: 372/ 4
[71] تأويل الآيات 1: 373/ 5.
[72] تأويل الآيات 1: 374/ 9
[73] تفسير القمّي 2: 113.
[74] نهج البيان (مخطوط): 208
[75] الكافي 8: 27/ 4 (Extract)
[76] Tafseer Imam Hassan Al Askariasws – S 66
[77] نهج البيان «مخطوط»: 208.
[78] تأويل الآيات 1: 374/ 8.
[79] الكافي 8: 28/ 4.
[80] مشكاة الأنوار: 287
[81] نزهة الناظر و تنبيه الخاطر: 74/ 21
[82] مشكاة الأنوار: 287.
[83] تفسير القمّي 2: 395. (Extract)
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, S 4 Ch 6 H 13
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 68 – The book of Eman and Kufr – Ch 70 H 4