Summary
The word Salawāt ‘صَلَوَات’ means reverence or Salutations, it is, at least, three places in the Holy Quran, e.g., Allah-azwj and His angels Send Salawāt upon Prophet-saww and his-saww pure and pious progeny-asws, and those with the Eman (believers) are asked to follow suit.
(1) Surely, Allah and His Angels are Sending Salawāt upon the Prophet. O you those who believe! Send Salawāt upon him and submit submissively [33:56],
(2) Those, upon them is the Salawāt from their Lord and Mercy; those, they are the Guided ones [2:157],
(3) He is the One Who Sends Salawāt upon you and (so do) His Angels, in order to Extract you (Momineen) from the multiple darkness to the Light, and He was always Merciful to the Momineen [33:43]
Also, in a Hadith,
معاني الأخبار أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمُقْرِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْمُقْرِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمَوْصِلِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ الطَّرِيفِيِّ عَنْ عَيَّاشِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَمَعْنَاهُ أَنِّي أَنَا عَلَى الْمِيثَاقِ وَ الْوَفَاءِ الَّذِي قَبِلْتُ حِينَ قَوْلِهِ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قالُوا بَلى.
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Rahman Al Muqry, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Muqry, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Mowsily, from Muhammad Bin Aasim Al Tareyfi, from Ayyash Bin Yazeed Bin Al-Hassan, from his father,
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘One who sends Salawaat upon the Prophet‑saww, it’s meaning is, ‘I am upon the Covenant and the loyalty which I accepted, when it was His-azwj Words: “Am I not your Lord?” They said, ‘Yes, we testify’. [7:172]’’.[1]
Without recitation of the Salawāt, neither acts of worships are accepted nor one’s prayers, Salawāt obliterates grave sins and removes the hyprocrisy. The apparent meanings of Salawāt are submission to Rasool Allah-saww (and his-saww successors) in whatsoever that is referred to him-saww (Ahadith) whereas its hidden meanings are submit to Prophet-saww’s successor‑asws and preferred him-asws over you (Ahadith references to follow).
There are several versions of Salawāt as we find in the Ahadith of Ahl Al-Bayt-asws, for example: اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ فَرَجَهُمْ, as in a Hadith, below:
الْمُتَهَجِّدُ، وَ الْجُنَّةُ، جُنَّةُ الْأَمَانِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع مَنْ قَالَ بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ وَ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ فِي الْجُمُعَةِ وَ غَيْرِهَا- – .
(The books) ‘Al Mutahajjid’, and ‘Al Junnat Al Amaan’ –
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘One who says after Al-Zohr Salat and Al-Fajr Salat during the Friday and other (days),
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ فَرَجَهُمْ
‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and Hasten their-asws relief’
لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى يُدْرِكَ الْقَائِمَ الْمَهْدِيَّ ع
He will not die until he comes across Al-Qaim Al-Mahdi-ajfj’’.[2]
Also, in several Holy Verses (3:200, 6:158, 10:20, 20:135), Allah-azwj Commands believers to wait, the Verses along with the interpretation (Ahadith) are discussed eleswhere[3]. Here, we will just see what are the meanings of the ‘wait’, to which we have been Commanded to.
In above cited Verses, ‘Wait’ refers to until the time of relief and establishment of religion of Allah-azwj upon the reappearance of the 12th Imam-asws, and awaiting to that time means to stay away from establishing the governess and seeking public positions, but instead one to focus onself on the acts of worship, self-purification while practicing solitude, as was the Sunnah (Traditions) of our 4-11th Imams-asws, after what had happened at Karbala. It is important to note that the Imams-asws have acted upon the Divine Commands, Revealed to them-asws in the Sealed Tablet and each one of them-asws opened his-asws Sealed Documents of the Tablet and acted accordingly[4], hence the nine Imams-asws devoted their-asws time worshiping and teaching religion to their-asws followers. And similarly, during the Grand Occultation, we are urged to wait until a Caller, from the Heavens, announces the reappearance of the 12th Imam-ajfj, only then a believer must step forward in the support of the 12th Imam-ajfj, without any fear or reservations but to be an active supporter of the campaign executed by the Imam-ajfj, see for example Ahadith in Appendix I.
However, in the meantime, we are asked to beseech to Allah-azwj to Hasten the reappearance of the 12th Divine Imam-ajfj, as Allah-azwj Brings Forward whatever He-azwj so Likes and Delays whatever He-azwj so Prefers – the concept of Bada, see for example, Bada – Moving Forward or Delaying | Hubeali.com.
Is our Beseeching for Tajeel (Hastening) of the reappearance of any benefit?
تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ أَبِي قُرَّةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَنَّهُ سَيُولَدُ لَكَ فَقَالَ لِسَارَةَ فَقَالَتْ أَ أَلِدُ وَ أَنَا عَجُوزٌ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهَا سَتَلِدُ وَ يُعَذَّبُ أَوْلَادُهَا أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ بِرَدِّهَا الْكَلَامَ عَلَيَّ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi, from Al Fazl Bin Abu Qurrah who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to Ibrahim-as: “There shall be a new-born for you-as!” He-as said to Sarah-as. She-as said: ‘Shall I bear a son when I am a very old woman [11:72]. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: ‘She-as will be giving birth and her-as children would be tormented for four hundred years due to her-as rebutting the Speech to Me-azwj!”
قَالَ فَلَمَّا طَالَ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْعَذَابُ ضَجُّوا وَ بَكَوْا إِلَى اللَّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ يُخَلِّصُهُمْ مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ فَحَطَّ عَنْهُمْ سَبْعِينَ وَ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ
Imam-asws said: ‘When the torment was prolonged upon the children of Israel, they clamoured and cried to Allah-azwj for forty mornings. Allah-azwj Revealed to Musa-as and Haroun-as that He-azwj would Rescue them from Pharaoh-la. It has moved away from them for one hundred and seventy years.
قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَكَذَا أَنْتُمْ لَوْ فَعَلْتُمْ لَفَرَّجَ اللَّهُ عَنَّا فَأَمَّا إِذْ لَمْ تَكُونُوا فَإِنَّ الْأَمْرَ يَنْتَهِي إِلَى مُنْتَهَاهُ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘That is how you (Shias), if you were to do so, Allah-azwj would Relieve us-asws. As for when you are not being so, then the matter will end up to its endpoint’’.[5]
What shall we be doing during the Grand Occultation:
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَ أَبِي عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ كَيْفَ أَنْتُمْ إِذَا صِرْتُمْ فِي حَالٍ لَا يَكُونُ فِيهَا إِمَامٌ هُدًى وَ لَا عَلَمٌ يُرَى فَلَا يَنْجُو مِنْ تِلْكَ الْحَيْرَةِ إِلَّا مَنْ دَعَا بِدُعَاءِ الْحَرِيقِ
Muhammad Bin Hammam, from Al Himeyri, from Muhammad Bin Isa and Al-Husayn Bin Tareyf, altogether from Hammad Bin Isa, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘My father and I entered to see Abu Abdullah-asws. He-asws said: ‘How will you be when you come to be in a situation there is no Imam-asws of guidance in it nor any flag to be seen, so no one would be saved from that confusion except the one who supplicates with the supplication of the burning (Duwa Al-Hareeq)’.
فَقَالَ أَبِي هَذَا وَ اللَّهِ الْبَلَاءُ فَكَيْفَ نَصْنَعُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ حِينَئِذٍ
My father said, ‘By Allah-azwj, (it is) the affliction! So how should we do, may I be your-asws ransom, then?’
قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ وَ لَنْ تُدْرِكَهُ فَتَمَسَّكُوا بِمَا فِي أَيْدِيكُمْ حَتَّى يَصِحَّ لَكُمُ الْأَمْرُ.
He-asws said: ‘When that happens and you cannot come across him-ajfj, then adhere with what is in your hands (Ahadith) until the matters is proven, correct for you!’’[6]
Introduction:
With a brief background presented in the summary, we commence with the main article on Salawāt.
The Meanings of Reciting Salawāt and Rewards:
إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ۚ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا {5633:}
Surely, Allah and His Angels are Sending Salawāt upon the Prophet. O you those who believe! Send Salawāt upon him and submit submissively [33:56]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ فِي مَعَانِي الْأَخْبَارِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْرُورٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جُمْهُورٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَفْصٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ:سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَ مَلائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ- يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماً[7]– فَقَالَ الصَّلَاةُ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رَحْمَةٌ وَ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ تَزْكِيَةٌ وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ دُعَاءٌ وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ سَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماً- فَإِنَّهُ يَعْنِي التَّسْلِيمَ لَهُ فِيمَا وَرَدَ عَنْهُ-
And from him, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masrour, from Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Aamir, from Al-Moala Bin Muhammad Al-Basry, from Muhammad Bin Jamhour Al-Aa’ma, from Ahmad Bin Hafs Al-Bazaz Al-Kufy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Hamza who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [33:56] Surely Allah and His Angels are Sending Blessings upon the Prophet; O you who believe! Send blessings upon him and submit to him with a (complete) submission, so he-asws said: ‘The Blessings (الصلاة) from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is His-azwj Mercy, and from the Angels it is the Purification, and from the people it is the supplication. And as for His-azwj Words and submit to him with a (complete) submission, so it Means submission to him-saww (Rasool Allah-saww) in whatsoever that is referred to him-saww’ (instructions as found in the Ahadith).
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ كَيْفَ نُصَلِّي عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ تَقُولُونَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ وَ صَلَوَاتُ مَلَائِكَتِهِ وَ أَنْبِيَائِهِ وَ رُسُلِهِ وَ جَمِيعِ خَلْقِهِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ- وَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ
I said to him-asws, ‘How should we send Blessings upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww?’ He-asws said: ‘You should be saying, ‘The Blessings of Allah-azwj, and the Blessings of His-azwj Angels, and His-azwj Prophets-as, and His-azwj Rasools-as, and all of the creatures be upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and the Greetings be upon him-saww and upon them-asws, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings’.
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ فَمَا ثَوَابُ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص بِهَذِهِ الصَّلَوَاتِ قَالَ الْخُرُوجُ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ وَ اللَّهِ كَهَيْئَةِ يَوْمَ وَلَدَتْهُ أُمُّهُ.
I said, ‘And what is the Reward for the one who sends Blessings upon the Prophet-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws by this greeting?’ He-asws said: ‘The extraction from the sins – by Allah‑azwj – as if he has been revived like the day he was born from his mother (with no sins)’.[8]
Salawāt of Allah-azwj on the Patient ones-asws:
الَّذِينَ إِذَا أَصَابَتْهُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَالُوا إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ {156}
Who, when a difficulty befalls them, are saying: We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]
أُولَٰئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَلَوَاتٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُهْتَدُونَ {157}
Those, upon them is the Salawāt from their Lord and Mercy; those, they are the Guided ones [2:157]
The Verese 2:157 refers to Masomeen-asws, as Allah-azwj Says:
Those are My-azwj friends, truly. By them I-azwj shall Repel every dark blinding strife, and by them I-azwj shall Remove the earthquakes and Push away the sufferings and the shackles. Those are the ones-asws upon whom are the Salawāt from their Lord-azwj and Mercy, and they are the ones who are Guided!”.
قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَالِمٍ قَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ لَوْ لَمْ تَسْمَعْ فِي دَهْرِكَ إِلَّا هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ لَكَفَاكَ فَصُنْهُ إِلَّا عَنْ أَهْلِهِ .
Abdul Rahman Bin Salim said, ‘Abu Baseer said, ‘If you did not hear during your time except for this Hadeeth, it would suffice you. Therefore, protect it except from its deserving ones’ (an extract, see the complete Hadith in Appendix II).[9]
Also, Masomeen-asws are ment by Allah-azwj in the following Holy Verse:
هُوَ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي عَلَيْكُمْ وَمَلَائِكَتُهُ لِيُخْرِجَكُمْ مِنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ ۚ وَكَانَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَحِيمًا {4333:}
He is the One Who Sends Salawāt upon you and (so do) His Angels, in order to Extract you (Momineen) from the multiple darkness to the Light, and He was always Merciful to the Momineen [33:43]
عمر بن إبراهيم الأوسي، قال: روي عن رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، أنه قال: «لما كانت الليلة التي أسري بي إلى السماء، وقف جبرئيل في مقامه، و غبت عن تحية كل ملك و كلامه، و صرت بمقام انقطع عني فيه الأصوات، و تساوى عندي الأحياء و الأموات، اضطرب قلبي و تضاعف كربي،
Umar Bin Ibrahim Al-Awsy said,
‘It is reported from Rasool-Allah-saww having said: ‘When it was the night in which I-saww Ascended to the sky, Jibraeel-as paused in his-as place, and there was an absence of the welcome of every Angel and his speech. And I-saww came to be in a place wherein the sounds were cut off from me-saww, and the living and the death were the same to me-saww. My-saww heart became restless and my stress multiplied.
فسمعت مناديا ينادي بلغة علي ابن أبي طالب: قف- يا محمد- فإن ربك يصلي. قلت: كيف يصلي، و هو غني عن الصلاة لأحد؟ و كيف بلغ علي هذا المقام؟
Then I-saww heard a Caller Calling out in the tone of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws: “Pause, O Muhammad-saww, for your-saww Lord-azwj is performing Salat!” I-saww said: ‘And how does He-azwj perform Salat and He-azwj is needless from the Salat to anyone? And how did Ali-asws reach this place?’
فقال الله تعالى: اقرأ يا محمد: هُوَ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي عَلَيْكُمْ وَ مَلائِكَتُهُ لِيُخْرِجَكُمْ مِنَ الظُّلُماتِ إِلَى النُّورِ و صلاتي رحمة لك و لامتك،
So Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: “Read, O Muhammad-saww, He is the One Who Sends Salawāt upon you and (so do) His Angels, in order to Extract you (Momineen) from the multiple darkness to the Light [33:43] – And My-azwj Salat is My-azwj Sending Mercy to you-saww and to your-saww community.
فأما سماعك صوت علي، فإن أخاك موسى بن عمران لما جاء جبل الطور و عاين ما عاين من عظم الأمور، أذهله ما رآه عما يلقى إليه، فشغلته عن الهيبة بذكر الله أحب الأشياء إليه و هي العصا، إذ قلت له: وَ ما تِلْكَ بِيَمِينِكَ يا مُوسى-
So, as for what you heard, the voice of Ali-asws, so your-saww brother-as Musa-as Bin Imran-as, when he-as came to the mount Toor and saw what he-as saw from the great matters, what he-as saw from what he-as faced, so I-azwj Pre-occupied him-as from the awe by the Zikr of Allah-azwj of the most beloved of the things to him-as, and it is the staff, when I-azwj Said to him-as: And what is that which is in your right hand, O Musa?” [20:17].
و لما كان علي أحب الناس إليك، ناديناك بلغته و كلامه، ليسكن ما بقلبك من الرعب، و لتفهم ما يلقى إليك-
And since the most beloved of the people to you-saww is Ali-asws, We-azwj Called you-saww with his-asws tone and his-asws speech, in order to calm down whatever was in your-saww heart from the awe, and for you-saww to understand what faces you-saww’’.[10]
Who are the Recipients of Salawāt?
ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقٍ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkil, from Al Sa’dabady, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Amro Bin Saeed, from Musaddiq, from Ammar who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws. A man said, ‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and People-asws of the Household of Muhammad-saww!’
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَا هَذَا لَقَدْ ضَيَّقْتَ عَلَيْنَا أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ خَمْسَةٌ أَصْحَابُ الْكِسَاءِ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘O this, you have confined upon us-asws! Don’t you know that People‑asws of the Household are five companions of the cloak?’
فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ كَيْفَ أَقُولُ
The man said, ‘How should I be saying?’
قَالَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَنَكُونَ نَحْنُ وَ شِيعَتُنَا قَدْ دَخَلْنَا فِيهِ.
He-asws said: ‘Say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww’, so we-asws and our-asws Shias would be included in it’’.[11]
The apparent and the hidden meanings of Salawāt:
الطبرسي في (الاحتجاج): عن أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، في قوله تعالى: إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَ مَلائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماً، قال: «لهذه الآية ظاهر و باطن،
Al-Tabarsy in Al-Ihtijaj,
(It has been narrated) from Amir-Al-Momineen-asws regarding His-azwj Words: Surely Allah and His Angels are Sending Salawāt upon the Prophet. O you those who believe! Send Salawāt upon him and submit submissively [33:56], he-asws said: ‘For this Verse there is an Apparent, and a Hidden (meaning).
فالظاهر: قوله صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ و الباطن: قوله: وَ سَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماً أي سلموا لمن وصاه و استخلفه و فضله عليكم، و ما عهد به إليه تسليما،
So, the Apparent (meaning) are His-azwj Words: Send Salawāt upon him, and the Hidden is His-azwj Words: and submit submissively [33:56], i.e., submit to the one who is his-saww successor-asws, and his-saww Caliph, and preferred him-asws over you, and what he-saww Covenanted with for him-asws you should submit to.
و هذا مما أخبرتك أنه لا يعلم تأويله إلا من لطف حسه، و صفا ذهنه، و صح تمييزه».
And this is from what I-asws am informing you. No one would learn its interpretation except the one who is of soft feelings, and clean mind, and correct manners’.[12]
عنه، عن أبيه، عن محمد بن سنان، عمن ذكره، عن أبى عبد الله (ع) في قول الله عزوجل: ” إن الله وملائكته يصلون على النبي، يا أيها الذين آمنو صلوا عليه وسلموا تسليما “
From him, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from the one who mentioned it,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Surely Allah and His Angels are Sending Salawāt upon the Prophet. O you those who believe! Send Salawāt upon him and submit submissively [33:56].
فقال: قال: أثنوا عليه وسلموا له، فقلت: كيف علمت الرسل أنها رسل؟ – قال: كشف عنها الغطاء، قلت: بأى شئ علم المؤمن أنه مؤمن؟ – قال: بالتسليم لله والرضى بما ورد عليه من سرور وسخط.
So, the Imam-asws said: ‘Acting upon his-saww command and submitting to him-saww’. So I said, ‘How does the Rasool-saww know that he-saww is a Rasool-saww?’ The (Imam-asws) said; Removal of the covering from him-saww’. I asked, ‘Does Momin know that he is a Momin?’ The Imam-asws said: ‘By the submission to Allah-azwj, and being pleased with what came to him from the joy and the anger’.[13]
Salawāt means total Submission to the Authority of Allah-azwj:
عنه، عن أبيه، عن سعدان بن مسلم، عن أبي بصير قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن قول الله عزوجل ” إن الله وملائكته يصلون على النبي يا أيها الذين آمنوا عليه وسلموا تسليما ” قال: الصلوة عليه والتسليم له في كل شئ جاء به.
From him, from his father, from Sa’dan Bin Muslim, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Surely Allah and His Angels are Sending Salawāt upon the Prophet. O you those who believe! Send Salawāt upon him and submit submissively [33:56]. He-asws said: ‘Salawāt upon him-saww and the submission to him-saww with regards to everything which he-saww came with’.[14]
ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُغِيرَةِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع يَقُولُ مَنْ قَالَ فِي دُبُرِ صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ وَ صَلَاةِ الْمَغْرِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَثْنِيَ رِجْلَيْهِ أَوْ يُكَلِّمَ أَحَداً إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَ مَلائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماً اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ قَضَى اللَّهُ لَهُ مِائَةَ حَاجَةٍ سَبْعِينَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ ثَلَاثِينَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Abu Al Mugheira who said,
‘One who says in the end of the morning Salat and Al-Maghrib Salat, before he folds his legs or talks to anyone, ‘Surely, Allah and His Angels are Sending Salawat upon the Prophet. O you those who believe! Send Salawat upon him and submit submissively [33:56]. O Allah‑azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww offspring’, Allah-azwj will Fulfill one hundred needs for him – seventy in the world and thirty in the Hereafter’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا مَعْنَى صَلَاةِ اللَّهِ وَ صَلَاةِ مَلَائِكَتِهِ وَ صَلَاةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘What is the meaning of the Salawaat of Allah-azwj, and Salawaat of the Angels, and Salawaat of the believers?’
قَالَ صَلَاةُ اللَّهِ رَحْمَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ صَلَاةُ مَلَائِكَتِهِ تَزْكِيَةٌ مِنْهُمْ لَهُ وَ صَلَاةُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ دُعَاءٌ مِنْهُمْ لَهُ
He-asws said: ‘Salawaat of Allah-azwj is Mercy from Allah-azwj, and Salawaat of His-azwj Angels is a purification from them-as for him, and Salawaat of the believers is a supplication from them for him-saww.
وَ مِنْ سِرِّ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَ آلِهِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي الْآخِرِينَ وَ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي الْمَلَإِ الْأَعْلَى وَ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي الْمُرْسَلِينَ
And from the secrets of the Progeny-asws of the Muhammad-saww is the Salawaat upon the Prophet-saww and his-saww Progeny as, ‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny of Muhammad-saww among the former ones, and may Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww among the latter ones, and Salawaat upon Muhammad and Progeny-asws of Muhammad in the exalted assembly, and Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww among the Messengers-as.
اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِ مُحَمَّداً الْوَسِيلَةَ وَ الشَّرَفَ وَ الْفَضِيلَةَ وَ الدَّرَجَةَ الْكَبِيرَةَ
O Allah-azwj! Grant Muhammad-saww the mediation, and the nobility, and the merit, and the great rank!
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي آمَنْتُ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ لَمْ أَرَهُ فَلَا تَحْرِمْنِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ رُؤْيَتَهُ وَ ارْزُقْنِي صُحْبَتَهُ وَ تَوَفَّنِي عَلَى مِلَّتِهِ وَ اسْقِنِي مِنْ حَوْضِهِ مَشْرَباً رَوِيّاً سَائِغاً هَنِيئاً لَا أَظْمَأُ بَعْدَهُ أَبَداً إِنَّكَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
O Allah-azwj! I have believed in Muhammad-saww and I have not seen him-saww, so do not Deprive me of sighting him-saww on the Day of Qiyamah, and Grace me his-saww companionship, and Cause me to die upon his nation (religion), and Quench me from his-saww fountain, a saturating drinking, plentiful, welcoming, I will not be thirsty after it, ever, surely You-azwj are Able upon all things!
اللَّهُمَّ كَمَا آمَنْتُ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ لَمْ أَرَهُ فَعَرِّفْنِي فِي الْجِنَانِ وَجْهَهُ
O Allah-azwj! Just as I have believed in Muhammad-saww and I have not seen him-saww, so Introduce me to his-saww face in the Gardens!
اللَّهُمَّ بَلِّغْ رُوحَ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِّي تَحِيَّةً كَثِيرَةً وَ سَلَاماً
O Allah-azwj! Deliver on my behalf to Muhammad-saww, a lot of salutation and greetings!’
فَإِنَّ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص بِهَذِهِ الصَّلَوَاتِ هُدِمَتْ ذُنُوبُهُ وَ مُحِيَتْ خَطَايَاهُ وَ دَامَ سُرُورُهُ وَ اسْتُجِيبَ دُعَاؤُهُ وَ أُعْطِيَ أَمَلَهُ وَ بُسِطَ لَهُ فِي رِزْقِهِ وَ أُعِينَ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ وَ هِيَ لَهُ سَبَبُ أَنْوَاعِ الْخَيْرِ وَ يُجْعَلُ مِنْ رُفَقَاءِ نَبِيِّهِ فِي الْجِنَانِ الْأَعْلَى يَقُولُهُنَّ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ غُدْوَةً وَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ عَشِيَّةً.
The one who sends Salawaat upon the Prophet-saww with this Salawaat, his sins would be demolish and his minor sins would be deleted, and his happiness would be constant, and his supplications would be Answered, and he would be Granted his wishes, and there will be an Extension for him in his sustenance, and he would be Assisted against his enemies, and it would be a cause for him for a variety of goodness, and he would be Made to be from friends of His-azwj Prophet-azwj in the exalted Gardens’, saying it thrice in the mornings and three times in the evening’’.[15]
Raising Voices when reciting Salawāt
ثواب الأعمال بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ارْفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَكُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَيَّ فَإِنَّهَا تَذْهَبُ بِالنِّفَاقِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – By this chain, from Al-Husayn Bin Yazeed, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Raise your voices with the Salawaat upon me-saww, for it does away with the hypocrisy’’.[16]
Blessings of Reciting Salawāt:
There are so many blessings and benefits of reciting the Salawāt, some of those are mentioned here, with additional Ahadith cited in the Appendix III.
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ لَا يَزَالُ الدُّعَاءُ مَحْجُوباً حَتَّى يُصَلَّى عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A supplication remains barred until he (the one who is supplicating) sends Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny‑asws of Muhammad-saww’.[17]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ فَرُّوخَ مَوْلَى آلِ طَلْحَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) يَا إِسْحَاقَ بْنَ فَرُّوخَ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَشْراً صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ مَلَائِكَتُهُ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ وَ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ مَلَائِكَتُهُ أَلْفاً أَ مَا تَسْمَعُ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ هُوَ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي عَلَيْكُمْ وَ مَلائِكَتُهُ لِيُخْرِجَكُمْ مِنَ الظُّلُماتِ إِلَى النُّورِ وَ كانَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَحِيماً .
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yaqoub Bin Abdullah, from Is’haq Bin Faroukh, a slave of the family of Talha who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘O Is’haq Bin Faroukh! The one who sends Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww ten (times), Allah-azwj and His-azwj Angels would Send Salawāt upon him one hundred times; and the one who sends Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww one hundred times, Allah-azwj and His-azwj Angels would Send Salawāt upon him a thousand times. Have you not heard the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [33:43] He it is Who sends His Blessings upon you, and (so do) His Angels, that He may Take you out from utter darkness into the Light; and He is Merciful to the Believers’.[18]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيَّ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِي تَذْهَبُ بِالنِّفَاقِ .
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The Salawāt upon me-asws and upon the People-asws of my-saww Household removes the hypocrisy’.[19]
ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) ارْفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَكُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَيَّ فَإِنَّهَا تَذْهَبُ بِالنِّفَاقِ .
Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘You should be raising your voices with the Salawāt upon me-saww, for it would remove the hypocrisy’.[20]
قال: فقلت له: كيف نصلي على محمد و آل محمد؟ قال: «تقولون: صلوات الله، و صلوات ملائكته، و أنبيائه، و رسله، و جميع خلقه على محمد و آل محمد، و السلام عليه و عليهم و رحمة الله و بركاته».
I said to him-asws (Abu Abdullah-asws) ‘How should we send Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww?’ He-asws said: ‘You should be saying, ‘The Salawāt of Allah-azwj, and the Blessings of His-azwj Angels, and His-azwj Prophets-as, and His-azwj Rasools‑as, and all of the creatures be upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and the Greetings be upon him-saww and upon them-asws, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings’.
قال: قلت: فما ثواب من صلى على النبي و آله بهذه الصلاة؟ قال: «الخروج من الذنوب- و الله- كهيئته يوم ولدته امه».
I said, ‘And what is the Reward for the one who sends Salawāt upon the Prophet-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws by this greeting?’ He-asws said: ‘The extraction from the sins – by Allah‑azwj – as if he has been revived to be like the day he was born from his mother’. (An extract)[21]
ابن بابويه: عن أبيه، قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد، قال: حدثنا أبي، عن أبي المغيرة، قال: سمعت أبا الحسن (عليه السلام) يقول: «من قال في دبر صلاة الصبح، و صلاة المغرب قبل أن يثني رجليه، أو يكلم أحدا: إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَ مَلائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماً اللهم صل على محمد و ذريته، قضى الله له مائة حاجة: سبعين في الدنيا، و ثلاثين في الآخرة».
Ibn Babuwayh, from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Abu Al-Mugheira who said,
‘I heard Abu Al-Hassan-asws saying: ‘The one who says after his ‘Fajr Salat’, and the ‘Magrib Salat’ before he bends his legs, or if one says, Surely Allah and His Angels are Sending Salawāt upon the Prophet. O you those who believe! Send Salawāt upon him and submit submissively [33:56], ‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww (pure) Progeny’, Allah-azwj would Fulfil one hundred needs for him – seventy in the world, and thirty in the Hereafter’.
قال: قلت: ما معنى صلاة الله و ملائكته، و صلاة المؤمنين؟ قال: «صلاة الله رحمة من الله، و صلاة الملائكة تزكية منهم له، و صلاة المؤمنين دعاء منهم له».
I said, ‘What is the Meaning of the Salawāt of Allah-azwj, and His-azwj Angels, and Salawāt of the Momineen?’ He-asws said: ‘The Salawāt of Allah-azwj is the Mercy from Allah-azwj, and Salawāt of the Angels is their purification for him-saww, and Salawāt of the Momineen is their supplication from them to Him-azwj’ (for Mohammed-saww wa Allay Mohammed-saww).[22]
Virtues of Reciting Salawāt on Friday after Asr time
وَ مِنْهُ بِأَسَانِيدِهِ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ عَنْ عِصْمَةَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْأَيَّامَ وَ يَبْعَثُ الْجُمُعَةَ أَمَامَهَا كَالْعَرُوسِ ذَاتَ كَمَالٍ وَ جَمَالٍ تُهْدَى إِلَى ذِي دِينٍ وَ مَالٍ فَتَقِفُ عَلَى بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ الْأَيَّامُ خَلْفَهَا فَيَشْفَعُ لِكُلِّ مَنْ أَكْثَرَ الصَّلَاةَ فِيهَا عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع-
And from him, by his chain from Abu Al Mufazzal Al Shaybani, from Ismat Bin Nuh, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Bazanty, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, Allah-azwj will Dispatch the days, and He-azwj will Dispatch the day of Friday in front of them like the bride with the perfection and beauty being guided to the one with religion and wealth. It will pause at a door of the Paradise, and the (other) days will be behind it. It will intercede for every one who frequented during it the Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww!’’
قَالَ ابْنُ سِنَانٍ فَقُلْتُ كَمِ الْكَثِيرُ فِي هَذَا وَ فِي أَيِّ زَمَانِ أَوْقَاتِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ أَفْضَلُ
Ibn Sinan said, ‘I said, ‘How may is the ‘frequent’ in this, and in which time is the timing best on the day of Friday?’
قَالَ مِائَةُ مَرَّةٍ وَ لْيَكُنْ ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ
He-asws said: ‘One hundred times, and let that be after Al-Asr (Salat)’.
قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ أَقُولُهَا
He said, ‘And how should I be saying it?’
قَالَ تَقُولُ
He-asws said: ‘You should say,
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ فَرَجَهُمْ
مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ.
‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and Hasten their-asws relief’, one hundred times’’.[23]
الْجَمَالُ، حَدَّثَنِي الْجَمَاعَةُ الَّذِينَ قَدَّمْتُ أَسْمَاءَهُمْ بِإِسْنَادِهِمْ إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ زَيْدٍ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ الشَّحَّامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ مَا مِنْ عَمَلٍ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ أَفْضَلَ مِنَ الصَّلَوَاتِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ لَوْ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ وَ مَرَّةً
(The book) ‘Al Jamal’ – It is narrated to me by the group, those I have brought forwards their names with their chains to Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Saffar, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Al Washa, from Zayd Abu Usama Al Shahham,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘There is no act of worship on the day of Friday superior to sending the Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww and even if one hundred and one times!’
قَالَ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ أُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِمْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘How do I send Salawaat upon them-asws?’
قَالَ تَقُولُ-.
He-asws said: ‘You should say,
اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ صَلَوَاتِكَ وَ صَلَوَاتِ مَلَائِكَتِكَ وَ أَنْبِيَائِكَ وَ رُسُلِكَ وَ جَمِيعِ خَلْقِكَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ
‘O Allah-azwj! Make Your-azwj Salawaat, and Salawaat of Your-azwj Angels and Your-azwj Prophets-as and Your-azwj Messengers-as and entirety of Your-azwj creatures be upon Muhammad-saww People-asws of the Household of Muhammad-saww, may the greetings be upon him-asws and upon them-asws, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings!’’[24]
Salawāt Versions:
There are several versions of Salawāt, as described in Ahadith, some examples are cited below:
Salawāt taught by Rasool Allah-saww:
وعلم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الناس الصلوات، فقال: قولوا
And Rasool-Allah-saww taught the people, the Salawāt, so he-saww said: ‘You should say,
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيد
‘Our Allah-azwj, Send Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww just as You -azwj Sent upon Ibrahim-as and the Progeny of Ibrahim-as, for You -azwj are the Praiseworthy, the Glorious’.[25]
Salawāt by Amir Al-Momineen-asws
إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَ مَلائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماً
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Amir-al-Momineen-asws said in a sermon: ‘Surely Allah and His Angels are Sending Salawāt upon the Prophet. O you those who believe! Send Salawāt upon him and submit submissively [33:56].
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ بَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ تَحَنَّنْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ سَلِّمْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَأَفْضَلِ مَا صَلَّيْتَ وَ بَارَكْتَ وَ تَرَحَّمْتَ وَ تَحَنَّنْتَ وَ سَلَّمْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ
O Allah-azwj! Send Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and Blessings upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and yearning for Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad, and Peace upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww as best what You-azwj had Greeted, and Blessed, and Mercy, and Yearning, and Peace be upon Ibrahim-as and the Progeny of Ibrahim-as, You-azwj are the Most Praised and Most Glorious’.[26]
Salawāt by Imams-asws
جم، جمال الأسبوع جَمَاعَةٌ بِإِسْنَادِهِمْ إِلَى الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ وَ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ مَعاً عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ كَيْفَ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص
(The book) ‘Jamal al Usbou’ – a group, by their chains to Al Saffar, from Ibn Yazeed and Al Yaqteeny, both together from Ziyad Bin Marwan, from Hareez who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! How is the Salawaat upon the Prophet-saww?’
فَقَالَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ الَّذِينَ أَذْهَبَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهَّرَهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
He-asws said: ‘Say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household, those You-azwj have Kept the uncleanness away from them and Purified them a (thorough) Purification!’’
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said within myself, ‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household’’.
فَقَالَ لِي لَيْسَ هَكَذَا قُلْتُ لَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ
He-asws said: ‘It isn’t like this I-asws had said to you, to say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household!’’
فَقَالَ لِي إِنَّكَ لَحَافِظٌ يَا حَرِيزُ فَقُلْ كَمَا أَقُولُ لَكَ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ الَّذِينَ أَذْهَبْتَ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهَّرْتَهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
He-asws said to me: ‘You are a memoriser, O Hareyz! Say like what I-asws am saying to you,
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ الَّذِينَ أَذْهَبْتَ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهَّرْتَهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household, those You-azwj have Kept the uncleanness away from them and Purified them a Purification!’’
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ كَمَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ الَّذِينَ أَلْهَمْتَهُمْ عِلْمَكَ وَ اسْتَحْفَظْتَهُمْ كِتَابَكَ وَ اسْتَرْعَيْتَهُمْ عِبَادَكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said like what he-asws said. He-asws said to me: ‘Say, ‘O Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household, those You-azwj have Inspired Your-azwj Knowledge, and Made them-asws to preserve Your-azwj Book, and Made them‑asws as caretakers of Your-azwj servants!
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ الَّذِينَ أَمَرْتَ بِطَاعَتِهِمْ وَ أَوْجَبْتَ حُبَّهُمْ وَ مَوَدَّتَهُمْ
O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household, those You-azwj have Commanded with obeying them-asws, and obligated their-asws love and their-asws affection!
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ الَّذِينَ جَعَلْتَهُمْ وُلَاةَ أَمْرِكَ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّكَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ.
O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household, those You-azwj have Made as Masters of Your-azwj Command after Your-azwj Prophet-saww, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-saww, and upon People-asws of his-saww Household!’’[27]
جم، جمال الأسبوع جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جَمَاعَةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا فَقَالَ لَنَا ابْتِدَاءً كَيْفَ تُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص
(The book) ‘Jamaal al Usbou’ – A group of our companions, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Sinan, from his father, from his grandfather Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘We were in the presence of Au Abdullah-asws as a group of our companions. He-asws said to us initiating: ‘How are you sending Salawaat upon the Prophet-saww?’
فَقُلْنَا نَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ
We said, ‘We are saying, ‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww!’’
فَقَالَ كَأَنَّكُمْ تَأْمُرُونَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِمْ
He-asws said: ‘It is as if you are instructing Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic that He-azwj should Send Salawaat upon them-asws!’
فَقُلْنَا فَكَيْفَ نَقُولُ
We said, ‘How should we be saying?’
قَالَ تَقُولُونَ اللَّهُمَّ سَامِكَ الْمَسْمُوكَاتِ وَ دَاحِيَ الْمَدْحُوَّاتِ وَ خَالِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَ السَّمَاوَاتِ أَخَذْتَ عَلَيْنَا عَهْدَكَ وَ اعْتَرَفْنَا بِنُبُوَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ أَقْرَرْنَا بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَسَمِعْنَا وَ أَطَعْنَا وَ أَمَرْتَنَا بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِمْ فَعَلِمْنَا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ حَقٌّ فَاتَّبَعْنَاهُ
He-asws said: ‘You should say, ‘O Allah-azwj, Withholder of the skies, and Spreader of the lands, and Creator of the earth and the skies! You-azwj Took Your-azwj Pact upon us and we acknowledged Prophet-hood of Muhammad-saww, and we accepted the Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. Thus, we have heard and obeyed, and You-azwj Commanded us with sending the Salawaat upon them-asws, so we know that is true, so we followed him-saww.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أُشْهِدُكَ وَ أُشْهِدُ مُحَمَّداً وَ عَلِيّاً وَ الثَّمَانِيَةَ حَمَلَةَ الْعَرْشِ وَ الْأَرْبَعَةَ الْأَمْلَاكَ خَزَنَةَ عِلْمِكَ أَنَّ فَرْضَ صَلَاتِي لِوَجْهِكَ وَ نَوَافِلِي وَ زَكَوَاتِي وَ مَا طَابَ لِي مِنْ قَوْلٍ وَ عَمَلٍ عِنْدَكَ فَعَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ
O Allah-azwj! I keep You-azwj as Witness, and I keep Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws, and the eight bearers of the Throne, and the four Angels, treasurers of Your-azwj Knowledge as witnesses that my obligatory and my optional Salat are for Your-azwj Face, and my Zakat, and whatever is good for me, from words and action in Your-azwj Presence, is upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww!
وَ أَسْأَلُكَ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْ تُوصِلَنِيهِمْ وَ تُقَرِّبَنِي بِهِمْ لَدَيْكَ كَمَا أَمَرْتَنِي بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ وَ أُشْهِدُكَ أَنِّي مُسَلِّمٌ لَهُ وَ لِأَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ ع غَيْرَ مُسْتَنْكِفٍ وَ لَا مُسْتَكْبِرٍ
And I ask You-azwj O Allah-azwj to Unite with them-asws and to Draw me closer to them in Your‑azwj Presence, just as You-azwj have Commanded me with sending the Salawaat upon him-saww, and I keep You-azwj as Witness I am a submitter to him-saww and to People-asws his-saww Household, compliant, not arrogant.
فَزَكِّنَا بِصَلَوَاتِكَ وَ صَلَوَاتِ مَلَائِكَتِكَ إِنَّهُ فِي وَعْدِكَ وَ قَوْلِكَ هُوَ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي عَلَيْكُمْ وَ مَلائِكَتُهُ لِيُخْرِجَكُمْ مِنَ الظُّلُماتِ إِلَى النُّورِ وَ كانَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَحِيماً تَحِيَّتُهُمْ يَوْمَ يَلْقَوْنَهُ سَلامٌ وَ أَعَدَّ لَهُمْ أَجْراً كَرِيماً
Purify us with Your-azwj Salawaat and Salawaat of Your-azwj Angels. It is in Your-azwj Promised and Your-azwj Word: He is the One Who Sends Salawat upon you and (so do) His Angels, in order to Extract you (Momineen) from the multiple darkness to the Light, and He was always Merciful to the Momineen [33:43] Their salutation on the Day that they meet Him shall be, Peace! And He has Prepared for them an honourable Recompense [33:44].
فَأَزْلِفْنَا بِتَحِيَّتِكَ وَ سَلَامِكَ وَ امْنُنْ عَلَيْنَا بِأَجْرٍ كَرِيمٍ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ وَ اخْصُصْنَا مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ بِأَفْضَلِ صَلَوَاتِكَ وَ صَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّ صَلاتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَهُمْ
Bring us closer with Your-azwj Salutation and Your-azwj Greeting, and Confer upon us with the honourable Recompense from You-azwj Mercy, and Particularise from Muhammad-saww with the best of Your-azwj Salawaat, and Send Salawaat upon them. Surely your Salawaat would be a tranquillity for them, [9:103].
وَ زَكِّنَا بِصَلَوَاتِهِ وَ صَلَوَاتِ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ اجْعَلْ مَا آتَيْتَنَا مِنْ عِلْمِهِمْ وَ مَعْرِفَتِهِمْ مُسْتَقَرّاً عِنْدَكَ مَشْفُوعاً لَا مُسْتَوْدَعاً يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ.
And Purify us with his-saww Salawaat and Salawaat of People-asws of his-asws Household, and Make what You-azwj have Given us of their-asws knowledge, and their-asws recognition a settlement in Your-azwj Presence, by intercession not an endowment, O most Merciful of the Merciful ones!’’[28]
Additional Ahadith on Salawāt versions are quoted in Appendix IV.
Appendix I: Our Responsibilities during Grand Occultation
قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ فَأَهْوَيْتُ عَلَى الْأَقْدَامِ كُلِّهَا فَقَبَّلْتُهَا وَ قَبَّلْتُ يَدَ الْإِمَامِ ع وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي عَاجِزٌ عَنْ نُصْرَتِكُمْ بِيَدِي وَ لَيْسَ أَمْلِكُ غَيْرَ مُوَالَاتِكُمْ وَ الْبَرَاءَةِ مِنْ أَعْدَائِكُمْ وَ اللَّعْنِ لَهُمْ فِي خَلَوَاتِي فَكَيْفَ حَالِي يَا سَيِّدِي فَقَالَ ع حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ مَنْ ضَعُفَ عَلَى نُصْرَتِنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ لَعَنَ فِي خَلَوَاتِهِ أَعْدَاءَنَا بَلَّغَ اللَّهُ صَوْتَهُ إِلَى جَمِيعِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ فَكُلَّمَا لَعَنَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَعْدَاءَنَا صَاعَدَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَ لَعَنُوا مَنْ لَا يَلْعَنُهُمْ فَإِذَا بَلَغَ صَوْتُهُ إِلَى الْمَلَائِكَةِ اسْتَغْفَرُوا لَهُ وَ أَثْنَوْا عَلَيْهِ وَ قَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى رُوحِ عَبْدِكَ هَذَا الَّذِي بَذَلَ فِي نُصْرَةِ أَوْلِيَائِهِ جُهْدَهُ وَ لَوْ قَدَرَ عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ لَفَعَلَ فَإِذَا النِّدَاءُ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ يَا مَلَائِكَتِي إِنِّي قَدْ أحببت [أَجَبْتُ] دُعَاءَكُمْ فِي عَبْدِي هَذَا وَ سَمِعْتُ نِدَاءَكُمْ وَ صَلَّيْتُ عَلَى رُوحِهِ مَعَ أَرْوَاحِ الْأَبْرَارِ وَ جَعَلْتُهُ مِنَ الْمُصْطَفَيْنَ الْأَخْيارِ
Ali ibn Asim has said, as part of a longer tradition, I fell down on each of ‘Holy Images’, the footprints of Masomeen-asws and kissed them, I then kissed the hands of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) and said: Mola-asws! I am not in a position to physically support your-asws cause but I, in my solitude, praise you-asws and curse your enemies-la. Please inform me about my reckoning (in the Hereafter)?
Imam-asws replied: ‘I narrate to you a hadith of our grandfather, Prophet of Allah-saww who said: ‘The one who cannot extend support to Ahl Al Bayt-asws but instead denounces their-asws enemies in his solitude, Allah-azwj Transmits his supplications to all His-azwj angels-as. They-as also join him in sending ‘Laan’ on the enemies (of Ahl Al Bayt-asws) and they curse those who refrain from sending ‘Laan’ on the enemies-la of Ahl Al Bayt-asws.
When his voice reaches the angels, they-as ask forgiveness for him and praise him and plead to Allah-azwj to bless the spirit of his -azwj servant, who has made an effort in support of Your-azwj allies’ -asws, if he were capable of doing more, he surely would have supported them-asws more strenuously.
Then a ‘Call’ comes from Allah-azwj: O My Angels! I-azwj have Answered your prayers in favour of My slave. I-azwj have Sent blessing to his soul along with the spirits of the righteous ones. I-azwj have also included him in the company of My-azwj righteous ones.’[29]
رُوِيَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ قَالَ ذَكَرْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ فَتَنَقَّصْتُهُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ لَا تَفْعَلْ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ عَمِّي أَتَى أَبِي فَقَالَ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ الْخُرُوجَ عَلَى هَذَا الطَّاغِيَةِ فَقَالَ لَا تَفْعَلْ فَإِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ تَكُونَ الْمَقْتُولَ الْمَصْلُوبَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الْكُوفَةِ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ يَا زَيْدُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَخْرُجُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ وُلْدِ فَاطِمَةَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنَ السَّلَاطِينِ قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ السُّفْيَانِيِّ إِلَّا قُتِلَ
Al-Hassan ibn Rashid narrates the following:
Zaid bin Ali says that he told by Abu Abdullah-asws: Do not go for it (uprising). (Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq-asws says) May Allah-azwj bless my uncle who came to my father-asws and said: “I want to get rid of this tyrant. He-asws (my father) said: I-asws do fear for you to be slain and crucified on the gate of Kufah. As I have learned (from my ancestors -asws) O Zaid! Whoever comes out of the sons of Fatima-asws against the sultans, before the coming out, of Sufyani, will be killed.[30]
Appendix II: Salawāt of Allah-azwj is on the Patient ones-asws
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ ظَرِيفٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ أَبِي لِجَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ إِنَّ لِي إِلَيْكَ حَاجَةً فَمَتَى يَخِفُّ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ أَخْلُوَ بِكَ فَأَسْأَلَكَ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ جَابِرٌ أَيَّ الْأَوْقَاتِ أَحْبَبْتَهُ فَخَلَا بِهِ فِي بَعْضِ الْأَيَّامِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا جَابِرُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ اللَّوْحِ الَّذِي رَأَيْتَهُ فِي يَدِ أُمِّي فَاطِمَةَ ( عليها السلام ) بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) وَ مَا أَخْبَرَتْكَ بِهِ أُمِّي أَنَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ اللَّوْحِ مَكْتُوبٌ
Muhammad Bin Yahya and Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far, from Al Hassan Bin Zareyf and Ali Bin Muhammad, from Salih Bin Abu Hammad, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Abdul Rahman Bin Salim, from Abu Baseer,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws said to Jabir Bin Abdullah Al-Ansary: ‘For me-asws there is a need to you, therefore whenever there is ease upon you, I shall be alone with you and ask you about it’. Jabir said to him-asws, ‘Whichever timings are suitable to you-asws’. So he-asws isolated with him during one of the days, and he-asws said to Jabir: ‘Inform me-asws about the Tablet which you saw in the hand of my-asws mother-asws (Syeda) Fatima-asws Bint Rasool-Allah-saww and what my-asws mother-asws informed you with what was written in that Tablet’.
فَقَالَ جَابِرٌ أَشْهَدُ بِاللَّهِ أَنِّي دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أُمِّكَ فَاطِمَةَ ( عليها السلام ) فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فَهَنَّيْتُهَا بِوِلَادَةِ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ رَأَيْتُ فِي يَدَيْهَا لَوْحاً أَخْضَرَ ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ مِنْ زُمُرُّدٍ وَ رَأَيْتُ فِيهِ كِتَاباً أَبْيَضَ شِبْهَ لَوْنِ الشَّمْسِ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا بِأَبِي وَ أُمِّي يَا بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) مَا هَذَا اللَّوْحُ فَقَالَتْ هَذَا لَوْحٌ أَهْدَاهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى رَسُولِهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فِيهِ اسْمُ أَبِي وَ اسْمُ بَعْلِي وَ اسْمُ ابْنَيَّ وَ اسْمُ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ مِنْ وُلْدِي وَ أَعْطَانِيهِ أَبِي لِيُبَشِّرَنِي بِذَلِكَ
Jabir said, ‘I testify with Allah-azwj that I went over to your-asws mother-asws (Syeda) Fatima-asws during the lifetime of Rasool-Allah-saww and congratulated her-asws of the arrival of (Imam) Al-Husayn‑asws, and I saw a green Tablet in her-asws hand which I thought was made of emerald, and I saw a white writing therein resembling the colour of the sun. So I said to her-asws, ‘By my father and my mother, O daughter of Rasool-Allah-saww! What is this Tablet?’ She-asws said: ‘This is a Tablet which Allah-azwj Gifted to His-azwj Rasool-saww. There is the name of my‑asws father-saww, and name of my-asws husband-asws, and name of my-asws two sons-asws, and names of the successors-asws from my-asws children, and my father-saww gave it to me-asws in order to give me-asws the glad tidings with that’.
قَالَ جَابِرٌ فَأَعْطَتْنِيهِ أُمُّكَ فَاطِمَةُ ( عليها السلام ) فَقَرَأْتُهُ وَ اسْتَنْسَخْتُهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي فَهَلْ لَكَ يَا جَابِرُ أَنْ تَعْرِضَهُ عَلَيَّ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَمَشَى مَعَهُ أَبِي إِلَى مَنْزِلِ جَابِرٍ فَأَخْرَجَ صَحِيفَةً مِنْ رَقٍّ فَقَالَ يَا جَابِرُ انْظُرْ فِي كِتَابِكَ لِأَقْرَأَ أَنَا عَلَيْكَ فَنَظَرَ جَابِرٌ فِي نُسْخَةٍ فَقَرَأَهُ أَبِي فَمَا خَالَفَ حَرْفٌ حَرْفاً
Jabir said, ‘Your-asws mother-asws gave it to me, so I read it and copied it’. So, my-asws father‑asws said to him: ‘So is it for you, O Jabir, that you display it to me-asws?’ He said, ‘Yes’. So, my-asws father-asws went with him to the house of Jabir, and he brought out a parchment of paper. So, he-asws said: ‘O Jabir! Look into your handwriting and I-asws shall read upon you’. Jabir look into the copy and my-asws father-asws read, and no letter differed from a letter.
فَقَالَ جَابِرٌ فَأَشْهَدُ بِاللَّهِ أَنِّي هَكَذَا رَأَيْتُهُ فِي اللَّوْحِ مَكْتُوباً بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ لِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيِّهِ وَ نُورِهِ وَ سَفِيرِهِ وَ حِجَابِهِ وَ دَلِيلِهِ نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
Jabir said, ‘I testify with Allah-azwj that I saw it written like this in the Tablet: -“In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful! This is a Letter from Allah-azwj the Mighty, the Wise, to Muhammad-saww His-azwj Prophet-saww, and His-azwj Light, and His-azwj Ambassador, and His-azwj Veil, and His-azwj Proof. The Trustworthy Spirit descended with it from the Lord-azwj of the worlds.
عَظِّمْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَسْمَائِي وَ اشْكُرْ نَعْمَائِي وَ لَا تَجْحَدْ آلَائِي إِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا قَاصِمُ الْجَبَّارِينَ وَ مُدِيلُ الْمَظْلُومِينَ وَ دَيَّانُ الدِّينِ
O Muhammad-saww! Magnify My-azwj Names and thank for My-azwj Bounties and do not deny My-azwj Signs. Me-azwj, I-azwj am Allah-azwj! There is no god except for I-azwj and the Crusher of the tyrants and the Helper of the oppressed and Maker of the Religion.
إِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَمَنْ رَجَا غَيْرَ فَضْلِي أَوْ خَافَ غَيْرَ عَدْلِي عَذَّبْتُهُ عَذَاباً لَا أُعَذِّبُهُ أَحَداً مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ فَإِيَّايَ فَاعْبُدْ وَ عَلَيَّ فَتَوَكَّلْ إِنِّي لَمْ أَبْعَثْ نَبِيّاً فَأُكْمِلَتْ أَيَّامُهُ وَ انْقَضَتْ مُدَّتُهُ إِلَّا جَعَلْتُ لَهُ وَصِيّاً وَ إِنِّي فَضَّلْتُكَ عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ فَضَّلْتُ وَصِيَّكَ عَلَى الْأَوْصِيَاءِ وَ أَكْرَمْتُكَ بِشِبْلَيْكَ وَ سِبْطَيْكَ حَسَنٍ وَ حُسَيْنٍ
Me-azwj, I-azwj am Allah-azwj! There is no god except for I-azwj, so the one who wishes for other than My-azwj Grace or fears other than My-azwj Justice, I-azwj shall Punish him with a Punishment I-azwj have not Punished anyone from the worlds. So I-asws am the One-azwj you-saww should worship and upon Me-azwj should you-saww rely. I-azwj did not Send a Prophet-saww and Completed his-as days and Expired his-as term except that I-azwj Made a successor-as to be for him-as, and I-azwj Preferred you-saww upon the (rest of the) Prophets-as, and Preferred your‑saww successor-asws over the (rest of the) succesors-as, and Honoured you-saww with your-saww two young ones-asws and two grandsons Hassan-asws and Husayn-asws.
فَجَعَلْتُ حَسَناً مَعْدِنَ عِلْمِي بَعْدَ انْقِضَاءِ مُدَّةِ أَبِيهِ وَ جَعَلْتُ حُسَيْناً خَازِنَ وَحْيِي وَ أَكْرَمْتُهُ بِالشَّهَادَةِ وَ خَتَمْتُ لَهُ بِالسَّعَادَةِ فَهُوَ أَفْضَلُ مَنِ اسْتُشْهِدَ وَ أَرْفَعُ الشُّهَدَاءِ دَرَجَةً جَعَلْتُ كَلِمَتِيَ التَّامَّةَ مَعَهُ وَ حُجَّتِيَ الْبَالِغَةَ عِنْدَهُ
Therefore, I-azwj Made Hassan-asws as a mine of My-azwj Knowledge after the expiry of the term of his-asws father-asws, and I-azwj Made Husayn-asws as a treasurer of My-azwj Revelation and Honoured him-asws with the martyrdom and Ended for him-asws with the happiness. Thus, he‑asws is the most superior of the ones martyred and the loftiest of the levels of the martyrs. I‑azwj Made the complete Speech of Mine-azwj to be with him-asws and My-azwj clear Proof to be with him-asws.
بِعِتْرَتِهِ أُثِيبُ وَ أُعَاقِبُ أَوَّلُهُمْ عَلِيٌّ سَيِّدُ الْعَابِدِينَ وَ زَيْنُ أَوْلِيَائِيَ الْمَاضِينَ وَ ابْنُهُ شِبْهُ جَدِّهِ الْمَحْمُودِ مُحَمَّدٌ الْبَاقِرُ عِلْمِي وَ الْمَعْدِنُ لِحِكْمَتِي
By his-asws family I-azwj Shall Reward and Punish. The first of them-asws is Ali-asws Chief of the worshippers and adornment of My-azwj friends, the past ones; and his-asws son would resemble his-asws grandfather-saww, the praised one, Muhammad-saww, the expounder (Al-Baqir) of My-azwj Knowledge and the Mine of My-azwj Wisdom.
سَيَهْلِكُ الْمُرْتَابُونَ فِي جَعْفَرٍ الرَّادُّ عَلَيْهِ كَالرَّادِّ عَلَيَّ حَقَّ الْقَوْلُ مِنِّي لَأُكْرِمَنَّ مَثْوَى جَعْفَرٍ وَ لَأَسُرَّنَّهُ فِي أَشْيَاعِهِ وَ أَنْصَارِهِ وَ أَوْلِيَائِهِ أُتِيحَتْ بَعْدَهُ مُوسَى فِتْنَةٌ عَمْيَاءُ حِنْدِسٌ لِأَنَّ خَيْطَ فَرْضِي لَا يَنْقَطِعُ وَ حُجَّتِي لَا تَخْفَى
The doubters in Ja’far-asws would be destroyed. The rejection upon him-asws is like the rejection upon Me-azwj, being a rightful Word from Me-azwj. I-azwj shall Honour the dwelling of Ja’far-asws and I-azwj shall Cheer him-asws with regards to his-asws Shias and his-asws helpers and his-asws friends. After him-asws Musa-asws shall live during a blinding strife of darkness because the thread of My-azwj Obligation does not get cut-off and My-azwj Divine Authority does not get concealed.
وَ أَنَّ أَوْلِيَائِي يُسْقَوْنَ بِالْكَأْسِ الْأَوْفَى مَنْ جَحَدَ وَاحِداً مِنْهُمْ فَقَدْ جَحَدَ نِعْمَتِي وَ مَنْ غَيَّرَ آيَةً مِنْ كِتَابِي فَقَدِ افْتَرَى عَلَيَّ وَيْلٌ لِلْمُفْتَرِينَ الْجَاحِدِينَ عِنْدَ انْقِضَاءِ مُدَّةِ مُوسَى عَبْدِي وَ حَبِيبِي وَ خِيَرَتِي فِي عَلِيٍّ وَلِيِّي وَ نَاصِرِي وَ مَنْ أَضَعُ عَلَيْهِ أَعْبَاءَ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ أَمْتَحِنُهُ بِالِاضْطِلَاعِ بِهَا يَقْتُلُهُ عِفْرِيتٌ مُسْتَكْبِرٌ يُدْفَنُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ الَّتِي بَنَاهَا الْعَبْدُ الصَّالِحُ إِلَى جَنْبِ شَرِّ خَلْقِي
And My-azwj friends would be quenching with the full cups. The one who rejects one of them-asws, so he has rejected My-azwj Bounty, and the one who changes a Verse from My-azwj Book, so he has forged (a lie) upon Me-azwj. Woe be unto the forgers, the rejecters, at the expiry of the term of Musa-asws, My-azwj servant and My-azwj Beloved and My-azwj Choice is Ali-azwj, My-azwj Guardian-asws and My-azwj helper, and the one upon whom I-azwj shall Place the task of the Prophet-hood and Test him-asws with the performance with it. And arrogant demon would murder him-asws. He-asws would be buried in a city being built by the righteous servant of (Mine-azwj), to the side of the evillest of My-azwj creatures (Harun Rashid).
حَقَّ الْقَوْلُ مِنِّي لَأَسُرَّنَّهُ بِمُحَمَّدٍ ابْنِهِ وَ خَلِيفَتِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ وَارِثِ عِلْمِهِ فَهُوَ مَعْدِنُ عِلْمِي وَ مَوْضِعُ سِرِّي وَ حُجَّتِي عَلَى خَلْقِي لَا يُؤْمِنُ عَبْدٌ بِهِ إِلَّا جَعَلْتُ الْجَنَّةَ مَثْوَاهُ وَ شَفَّعْتُهُ فِي سَبْعِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ كُلُّهُمْ قَدِ اسْتَوْجَبُوا النَّارَ
A Truthful Word from Me-azwj. I-azwj shall cheer him-asws with Muhammad-asws, his-asws son-asws and his-asws Caliph from after him-asws, and an inheritor of his-asws knowledge. So, he-asws would be the Mine of My-azwj Knowledge and the Place of My-azwj Secrets and My-azwj Divine Authority upon My-azwj creatures. No servant would believe in him-asws except that I-azwj shall Make the Paradise as being his Reward and he would intercede among seventy from his family members, all of them being such that the Fire would have been Obligated upon them.
وَ أَخْتِمُ بِالسَّعَادَةِ لِابْنِهِ عَلِيٍّ وَلِيِّي وَ نَاصِرِي وَ الشَّاهِدِ فِي خَلْقِي وَ أَمِينِي عَلَى وَحْيِي أُخْرِجُ مِنْهُ الدَّاعِيَ إِلَى سَبِيلِي وَ الْخَازِنَ لِعِلْمِيَ الْحَسَنَ وَ أُكْمِلُ ذَلِكَ بِابْنِهِ محمد رَحْمَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ عَلَيْهِ كَمَالُ مُوسَى وَ بَهَاءُ عِيسَى وَ صَبْرُ أَيُّوبَ
And I-azwj shall Seal with the happiness for his-asws son Ali-asws, My-azwj Guardian and My-azwj helper and the witness among My-azwj creatures and My-azwj Trustee upon My-azwj Revelation. I-azwj shall Bring out from him-asws, the caller to My-azwj Way and the treasurer of My-azwj Knowledge, Al-Hassan-asws, and Complete that with his-asws son-asws ‘M H M D’, being a mercy to the worlds. Upon him-asws would be the perfection of Musa-as, and the gloriousness of Isa-as and patience of Ayoub-as.
فَيُذَلُّ أَوْلِيَائِي فِي زَمَانِهِ وَ تُتَهَادَى رُءُوسُهُمْ كَمَا تُتَهَادَى رُءُوسُ التُّرْكِ وَ الدَّيْلَمِ فَيُقْتَلُونَ وَ يُحْرَقُونَ وَ يَكُونُونَ خَائِفِينَ مَرْعُوبِينَ وَجِلِينَ تُصْبَغُ الْأَرْضُ بِدِمَائِهِمْ وَ يَفْشُو الْوَيْلُ وَ الرَّنَّةُ فِي نِسَائِهِمْ أُولَئِكَ أَوْلِيَائِي حَقّاً بِهِمْ أَدْفَعُ كُلَّ فِتْنَةٍ عَمْيَاءَ حِنْدِسٍ وَ بِهِمْ أَكْشِفُ الزَّلَازِلَ وَ أَدْفَعُ الْآصَارَ وَ الْأَغْلَالَ أُولَئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَلَوَاتٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَ رَحْمَةٌ وَ أُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُهْتَدُونَ
During his-asws time My-azwj friends would be humiliated and their heads would be gifted just as the gifting of the heads of the Turks and the Daylam. So they would be killed and burned and they would happen to be fearful, terrified, exiled. The land – would be dyed with their blood and the wailing and lamentations would be widespread among their womenfolk. Those are My-azwj friends, truly. By them I-azwj shall Repel every dark blinding strife, and by them I-azwj shall Remove the earthquakes and Push away the sufferings and the shackles. Those are the ones-asws upon whom are the Salawāt from their Lord-azwj and Mercy, and they are the ones who are Guided!
قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَالِمٍ قَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ لَوْ لَمْ تَسْمَعْ فِي دَهْرِكَ إِلَّا هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ لَكَفَاكَ فَصُنْهُ إِلَّا عَنْ أَهْلِهِ .
Abdul Rahman Bin Salim said, ‘Abu Baseer said, ‘If you did not hear during your time except for this Hadeeth, it would suffice you. Therefore, protect it except from its deserving ones’.[31]
Appendix III: Blessings of Salawāt
عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ مَنْ دَعَا وَ لَمْ يَذْكُرِ النَّبِيَّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) رَفْرَفَ الدُّعَاءُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَإِذَا ذَكَرَ النَّبِيَّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) رُفِعَ الدُّعَاءُ .
From him, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The one who supplicates without mentioning the Prophet-saw (Salawāt) the supplication hovers over his head. So, when he does mention the Prophet-saww, the supplication is raised (to the sky)’.[32]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) لَا تَجْعَلُونِي كَقَدَحِ الرَّاكِبِ فَإِنَّ الرَّاكِبَ يَمْلَأُ قَدَحَهُ فَيَشْرَبُهُ إِذَا شَاءَ اجْعَلُونِي فِي أَوَّلِ الدُّعَاءِ وَ فِي آخِرِهِ وَ فِي وَسَطِهِ .
A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Ashary, from Ibn Al Qaddah,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Do not make me-saww to be like the water container of the rider, so the rider fills his water container and he drinks it whenever he so desires to. Make me-saww to be at the beginning of the supplication and at the end of it, and in the middle of it’.[33]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ قَالَ إِذَا ذُكِرَ النَّبِيُّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فَأَكْثِرُوا الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) صَلَاةً وَاحِدَةً صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ أَلْفَ صَلَاةٍ فِي أَلْفِ صَفٍّ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ شَيْءٌ مِمَّا خَلَقَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَّا صَلَّى عَلَى الْعَبْدِ لِصَلَاةِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلَاةِ مَلَائِكَتِهِ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَرْغَبْ فِي هَذَا فَهُوَ جَاهِلٌ مَغْرُورٌ قَدْ بَرِئَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ .
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Ismail Bin Mihran, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from his father, and Husayn Bin Abu Al A’ala, from Abu Baseer,from;
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Whenever the Prophet-saww is mentioned, so frequent the Salawāt upon him, for the one who sends Salawāt upon the Prophet-saww, one Salawāt, Allah-azwj would Send a thousand Salawāts upon him in a thousand rows of the Angels, and there would not remain anything from what Allah-azwj Created except it would send Salawāt upon the servant for the Salawāt of Allah-azwj and the Salawāt of His-azwj Angels upon him. Therefore, the one who does not desire regarding this, so he is ignorant, deceived. Allah-azwj has Disavowed from him, and (so has) His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the People-asws of his-saww Household’.[34]
أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ الْأَزْدِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ مَنْ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ قُضِيَتْ لَهُ مِائَةُ حَاجَةٍ ثَلَاثُونَ لِلدُّنْيَا وَ الْبَاقِي لِلْآخِرَةِ .
Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Hassan, from Abu Imran Al Azady, from Abdullah Bin Al Hakam, from Muawiya Bin Ammar, from;
Abu Abdullah-asws has narrated: ‘The one who says, ‘O Lord-azwj! Send Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww’, one hundred times, so a hundred needs would be Fulfilled for him – thirty for the world and the remainder for the Hereafter’.[35]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُمْهُورٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ رِجَالِهِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَاجَةٌ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ ثُمَّ يَسْأَلُ حَاجَتَهُ ثُمَّ يَخْتِمُ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَكْرَمُ مِنْ أَنْ يَقْبَلَ الطَّرَفَيْنِ وَ يَدَعَ الْوَسَطَ إِذَا كَانَتِ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ لَا تُحْجَبُ عَنْهُ .
Ali Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Jamhour, from his father, from his man who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The one who has a need for him to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, so let him begin with the Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws, then he should ask his need, then he should end with the Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, for Allah-azwj is more Benevolent than that He-azwj would Accept the two ends and Leave the middle. Whenever there was a Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad, it would never be Blocked from him’.[36]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَمِعَ أَبِي رَجُلًا مُتَعَلِّقاً بِالْبَيْتِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ.
A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Al Qadah,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws overheard a man attaching to the House (Kaaba) and he was saying,
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ
‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ لَا تَبْتُرْهَا لَا تَظْلِمْنَا حَقَّنَا قُلِ
So, my-asws father-asws said to him: ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! Do not amputate it! Do not be unjust to us-asws of our-asws rights! Say,
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ
‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the People-asws of his-saww Household’.[37]
Appendix IV: Example of Salawat Versions
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَمِعَ أَبِي رَجُلًا مُتَعَلِّقاً بِالْبَيْتِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ.
A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Al Qadah,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws overheard a man attaching to the House (Kaaba) and he was saying,
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ
‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ لَا تَبْتُرْهَا لَا تَظْلِمْنَا حَقَّنَا قُلِ
So, my-asws father-asws said to him: ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! Do not amputate it! Do not be unjust to us-asws of our-asws rights! Say,
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ
‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the People-asws of his-saww Household’.[38]
In another Hadith,
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَجِّلْ فَرَجَهُمْ وَ رُوحَهُمْ وَ رَاحَتَهُمْ وَ سُرُورَهُمْ وَ أَذِقْنِي طَعْمَ فَرَجِهِمْ وَ أَهْلِكْ أَعْدَاءَهُمْ مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَ الْإِنْسِ وَ آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَ قِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ وَ اجْعَلْنَا مِنَ الَّذِينَ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ
O Allah-azwj! Send Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and Hasten their-asws relief, and their-asws comfort, and their-asws rest, and their-asws joy, and Cause me to taste the food (pleasure) of their-asws relief, and Destroy their-asws enemies from the Jinn and the human beings, and Give us goodness in the world and goodness in the Hereafter, and Save us from the Punishment of the Fire, and Make us to be from those who [2:62] there would be no fear for them, nor shall they be grieving (an extract).[39]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلَّادٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فَقَالَ خَمْسٌ تَقُولُ فِي أُولَيهُنَّ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and a number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, altogether from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Wallad who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the exclamations of Takbeer upon the deceased, so he-asws said: ‘Five. You should be saying in the first of these, ‘I testify that there is no God except for Allah-azwj, Alone, there being no associates for him. O Allah-azwj! Send Blessings upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad’.
ثُمَّ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ هَذَا الْمُسَجَّى قُدَّامَنَا عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ وَ قَدْ قَبَضْتَ رُوحَهُ إِلَيْكَ وَ قَدِ احْتَاجَ إِلَى رَحْمَتِكَ وَ أَنْتَ غَنِيٌّ عَنْ عَذَابِهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْ ظَاهِرِهِ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِسَرِيرَتِهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْ سَيِّئَاتِهِ
Then you should be saying, ‘O Allah-azwj! This enshrouded one in front of us is Your-azwj servant, and a son of Your-azwj servant, and his soul has been Captured to (come) to You‑azwj, and he is needy to Your-azwj Mercy and You-azwj Needless from Punishing him. O Allah-azwj! We do not know from his apparent except for goodness and You-azwj are more Knowing of his secrets. O Allah-azwj! If he was a good doer, so Increase in his good deeds; and if he was an evil doer, so Overlook from his sins’.
ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الثَّانِيَةَ وَ تَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ فِي كُلِّ تَكْبِيرَةٍ .
Then exclaim the second Takbeer and you should do that during each Takbeer’.[40]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ تَقُولُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِكَ وَ رَسُولِكَ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ تَقَبَّلْ شَفَاعَتَهُ وَ بَيِّضْ وَجْهَهُ وَ أَكْثِرْ تَبَعَهُ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from a man, from Suleyman Bin Khalid, from;
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘You should be saying, ‘I testify that there is no God except for Allah-azwj, and I testify that Muhammad-saww is Rasool-Allah-azwj. O Allah-azwj! Send Blessings upon Muhammad-saww, Your-azwj servant and Your-azwj Rasool-saww. O Allah-azwj Send Blessings upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and Accept his intercession, and Whiten his-saww face and Multiply his-saww followers.
اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَ ارْحَمْنِي وَ تُبْ عَلَيَّ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تَابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذَابَ الْجَحِيمِ فَإِنْ كَانَ مُؤْمِناً دَخَلَ فِيهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَيْسَ بِمُؤْمِنٍ خَرَجَ مِنْهَا .
O Allah-azwj! Forgive me, and be Merciful to me, and Turn towards me. O Allah-azwj! [40:7] Grant Forgiveness to those who repent and follow Your Way, and save them from the Punishment of the Blazing Fire’. So, if he was a believer, he would be included in it, and if was not a believer, he would be out from it’.[41]
In a Hadith Imam Abu Abd Allah-asws says:
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِكَ وَ رَسُولِكَ سَيِّدِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ إِمَامِ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَ رَسُولِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
O Allah-azwj! Send Blessings upon Muhammad-saww, Your-azwj servant and Your-azwj Rasool-saww, the chief of the Rasools-sa, and the Imam-asws of the pious, and a Rasool-saww of the Lord-azwj of the worlds’ (an extract).[42]
In a Hadith, 6th Imam-asws says:
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا هَدَيْتَنَا بِهِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا أَكْرَمْتَنَا بِهِ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنَا مِمَّنِ اخْتَرْتَهُ لِدِينِكَ وَ خَلَقْتَهُ لِجَنَّتِكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تُزِغْ قُلُوبَنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَيْتَنَا وَ هَبْ لَنَا مِنْ لَدُنْكَ رَحْمَةً إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْوَهَّابُ .
O Allah-azwj! Send Blessings upon Muhammad-saww just as You-azwj Guided us by him-saww. O Allah-azwj! Send Blessings upon Muhammad-saww just as You-azwj Honoured us with him-saww. O Allah-azwj! Make us to be from the ones You-azwj Chose for Your-azwj Religion and Created him-saww for Your-azwj Paradise. O Allah-azwj! Do not Let our hearts to deviate after having Guided us, and Bestow Mercy upon us from Yourself-azwj. You-azwj the most Benevolent’ (an extract)[43]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَقُلِ
Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, raising it, said,
‘He-asws said: ‘When you pray Salāt of the day of Friday, so say,
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ الْمَرْضِيِّينَ بِأَفْضَلِ صَلَوَاتِكَ وَ بَارِكْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِأَفْضَلِ بَرَكَاتِكَ وَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ.
‘O Allah-azwj! Send Blessings upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, the succesors-asws, the ones Pleased with, with the most superior of Your-azwj Blessings, and Bless upon them with the most superior of Your-azwj Blessings, and the greetings be upon him-saww and upon them-asws, and the Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings’ (an extract).[44]
In a Hadith from Abu Abdullah-asws,
فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنَ التَّشَهُّدِ وَ سَلَّمْتَ قُلْتَ
So, when you are free from the Tashahhud and offered Salām, say,
اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ وَ مِنْكَ السَّلَامُ وَ إِلَيْكَ يَرْجِعُ السَّلَامُ
‘O Allah-azwj! You-azwj are the Safety, and from You-azwj is the safety, and to You-azwj does the safety return to.
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ بَلِّغْ رُوحَ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنِّي السَّلَامَ وَ أَرْوَاحَ الْأَئِمَّةِ الصَّادِقِينَ سَلَامِي وَ ارْدُدْ عَلَيَّ مِنْهُمُ السَّلَامَ وَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ
O Allah-azwj! Send Blessings upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and deliver the greetings from me to the soul of Muhammad-saww, and the souls of the Imams-asws, the truthful ones my greetings, and Return upon me the greetings from them‑asws, and the greetings be upon them-asws and the Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings (an extract).[45]
Amir ul-Momineen-asws in a sermon says:
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ بَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ تَحَنَّنْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ سَلِّمْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَأَفْضَلِ مَا صَلَّيْتَ وَ بَارَكْتَ وَ تَرَحَّمْتَ وَ تَحَنَّنْتَ وَ سَلَّمْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ
Our Allah-azwj! Send Greetings upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad‑saww, and Blessings upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad‑saww, and yearning upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad‑saww, and Peace upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww higher than what You-azwj had Greeted, and Blessed, and Mercy, and Yearning, and Peace upon Ibrahim-as and the Progeny of Ibrahim-as, You-azwj are the Most Praised and Most Glorious’. (an extract)’[46]
Salawāt upon sneezing
وعنه: عن محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن صفوان بن يحيى، قال: كنت عند الرضا (عليه السلام)، فعطس، فقلت له: صلى الله عليك. ثم عطس، فقلت: صلى الله عليك. ثم عطس، فقلت: صلى الله عليك.
And from him (Kulayni), from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Safwan Bin Yahya who said,
‘I was in the presence of Al-Reza-asws, and he-asws sneezed, so I said to him-asws, ‘May Allah-azwj Sent Salawāt upon you-asws’. Then he-asws sneezed (again), so I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Send Salawāt upon you-asws’. Then he-asws sneezed (again), so I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Send Salawāt upon you-asws’.
و قلت له: جعلت فداك، إذا عطس مثلك نقول له كما يقول بعضنا لبعض: يرحمك الله، أو كما تقول ؟ قال: «نعم، أليس تقول: صلى الله عليه محمد و آل محمد؟» قلت: بلى. قال: «ارحم محمدا و آل محمد؟». قلت: بلى.
And I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Whenever someone sneezes like you‑asws, should we be saying to him just as we are saying to each other, ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you’, or just as you-asws said?’
He-asws said: ‘Yes. Aren’t you saying, ‘May Allah-azwj Send Salawāt upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww? I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘(And do you also say) Have Mercy on Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww?’ I said, ‘Yes’.
قال: «بلى، و قد صلى الله عليه و رحمه، و إنما صلواتنا عليه رحمة لنا و قربة».
He-asws said: ‘Yes, and Allah-azwj has Sent Salawāt upon him-saww and His-azwj Mercy, and rather our-asws Salawāt is upon him-saww, and Mercy is for us-asws, and kinship’’.[47]
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 90 – The Book of Zikr (Chapters on supplication) – Ch 29 H 25
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 86 – The Book Salat – Ch 97 H 51
[3] Awaiting Reappearance of the 12th Imam-ajfj | Hubeali.com
[4] حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار و سعد بن عبد الله و عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري جميعا قالوا حدثنا محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد قال حدثنا أبو القاسم الهاشمي قال حدثني عبيد بن نفيس الأنصاري قال أخبرنا الحسن بن سماعة عن جعفر بن سماعة عن أبي عبد الله ع قال نزل جبرئيل ع على النبي ص بصحيفة من السماء لم ينزل الله تبارك و تعالى من السماء كتابا مثلها قط قبلها و لا بعدها مختوما فيه خواتيم من ذهب فقال له يا محمد هذه وصيتك إلى النجيب من أهلك قال يا جبرئيل و من النجيب من أهلي قال علي بن أبي طالب مره إذا توفيت أن يفك خاتما منها و يعمل بما فيه فلما قبض رسول الله ص فك علي ع خاتما ثم عمل بما فيه ما تعداه ثم دفع الصحيفة إلى الحسن بن علي ع ففك خاتما و عمل بما فيه ما تعداه ثم دفعها إلى الحسين بن علي ع ففك خاتما فوجد فيه أن اخرج بقوم إلى الشهادة لا شهادة لهم إلا معك و اشر نفسك لله عز و جل فعمل بما فيه ما تعداه ثم دفعها إلى رجل بعده ففك خاتما فوجد فيه أطرق و اصمت و الزم منزلك و اعبد ربك حتى يأتيك اليقين ثم دفعها إلى رجل بعده ففك خاتما فوجد فيه أن حدث الناس و أفتهم و انشر علم آبائك و لا تخافن أحدا إلا الله فإنك في حرز الله و ضمانه و أمر بدفعها فدفعها إلى من بعده و يدفعها من بعده إلى من بعده إلى يوم القيامة
It was narrated to me by Mohammed ibn Hassan, who from Mohammed ibn Hassan al-Safar, Saeed ibn Abdullah and Abdullah ibn Jafar Hammari, who from Mohammed ibn Isa ibn Youbad, who from Abu al-Qasim Hashimi, who from Youbad ibn Nafees Ansari, who from Hassan ibn Sama, who from Jafar bin Sama who said the following:
Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq-asws said: Angel Jibrael-as descended from the Heavens with a ‘Tablet’ and gave it to Prophet-saww. The Divine Tablet was unique in that, that a similar one was neither revealed before nor it was sent down afterwards. The ‘Tablet’ was secured by several gold seals, hence Gabriel-as informed Prophet-saww that it is your ‘Will’ for those-asws who have an elevated status among your-saww descendants. Prophet Mohammed-saww asked: O Gabriel-as! Tell me-saww who have the elevated status among my-saww descendants? Gabriel-as said: ‘The first one is Ali-asws ibn Abi Talib-asws, who will, after your departure from this world, break one of its seals (marked for him) and act upon the instructions accordingly. Thus, after the Shahadat of Prophet-saww, Imam Ali-asws broke one seal and acted upon the instructions, which were laid out in the Divine Tablet. The Tablet then inherited by Imam Hassan-asws, Imam Hassan-asws broke its second seal and acted upon what was inscribed for him. The Tablet was handed over to Imam Hussain-asws who broke its seal related to him-asws and opened the Tablet, it was written that he-asws should rise up in order to be martyred and only those will meet martyrdom who will fight in his-asws support. Thus Imam-asws acted upon these (Divine) Instructions.
Subsequently, this Tablet was transferred to the One (Imam Zain-ul-Abadeen-asws) who broke his part of the seal and it was written for him to keep silent and prefer solitude and concentration on worship for the attainment of ‘Yaqeen’ (proximity to Allah-azwj). Afterward the Tablet was forwarded to the One (Imam Mohammed Baqir-asws), who found out after breaking his part of the seal that convey to people the Ahadith of your forefathers and the knowledge of your ancestor without any fear, as Allah-azwj is your Guardian. And with the Command to pass the Tablet to the Imam-asws after you-asws. That’s how this Tablet was transferred from one Imam-asws to another and will continue until the Doom’s Day كمال الدين و تمام النعمة، ج1، ص: 232.
[5] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 51 The book of History – Imam Al Mahdiajtf, Ch 22 H 34
[6] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 52 The book of History – Imam Al-Mahdi-ajfj, Ch 22 H 37 c
[7] ( 7)- الأحزاب 33- 56.
[8] معاني الأخبار: 367/ 1.
[9] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 126 H 3
[10] البرهان في تفسير القرآن، ج3، ص: 761 7002/ [16]-
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 90 – The Book of Zikr (Chapters on supplication) – Ch 29 H 39
[12] الاحتجاج: 253.
[13] Al Mahaasin – V 2 Bk 1 H 85
[14] Al Mahaasin – V 1 Bk 5 H 363
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 90 – The Book of Zikr (Chapters on supplication) – Ch 29 H 38
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 90 – The Book of Zikr (Chapters on supplication) – Ch 29 H 41
[17] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 20 H 1
[18] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 20 H 14
[19] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 20 H 8
[20] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 20 H 13
[21] معاني الأخبار: 367/ 1.
[22] ثواب الأعمال: 156
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 87 – The Book Salat – Ch 101 H 4 d
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 86 – The Book Salat – Ch 97 H 6
[25] Kitaab Sulaym Bin Qas Al Hilali – H 93
[26] Al Kafi – 14642 (Extract)
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 90 – The Book of Zikr (Chapters on supplication) – Ch 29 H 55
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 90 – The Book of Zikr (Chapters on supplication) – Ch 29 H 54
[29] بحارالأنوار ج : 50 ص : 316
[30] بحارالأنوار ج : 46 ص : 186
[31] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 126 H 3
[32] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 20 H 2
[33] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 20 H 5
[34] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 20 H 6
[35] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 20 H 9
[36] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 20 H 16
[37] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 20 H 21
[38] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 20 H 21
[39] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 60 H 18
[40] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book Of Funerals CH 53 H 3
[41] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book Of Funerals CH 56 H 5
[42] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book of Salāt CH 70 H 6
[43] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book of Salāt CH 72 H 1
[44] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book of Salāt CH 75 H 4
[45] Al Kafi V 3 – The Book Of Salāt CH 95 H 1
[46] Al-Kafi, vol. 8, H. 14642
[47] الكافي 2: 478/ 4