Summary:
The announcement of the Wilayah of Amir ul-Momineen-asws was made by Rasool Allha-saww at placed called ‘Ghadeer’ (Ghadeer e Khum – the pond of Khum) when returning from the last Hajj (farewell pilgrimage). The sermon of Ghadeer is mentioned in many Ahadith, we present some of those. A detailed account of the sermon from a detailed Hadith is given in Appendix.
و لما قضى رسول الله ص نسكه أشرك عليا ع في هديه و قفل إلى المدينة و هو معه و المسلمون حتى انتهى إلى الموضع المعروف بغدير خم و ليس بموضع إذ ذاك يصلح للمنزل لعدم الماء فيه و المرعى فنزل ع في الموضع و نزل المسلمون معه و كان سبب نزوله في هذا المكان نزول القرآن عليه بنصبه أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب ع خليفة في الأمة من بعده
And when Rasool-Allah-saww had fulfilled his-saww rituals, he-saww participated Ali-asws in his-saww offering and returned to Al-Medina and he-asws was with him-saww and the Muslims until he-saww ended up to the famous place at Ghadeer Khumm, and there wasn’t any place there which was correct for the encampment due to the lack of water and the pasture therein. He-saww descended in the place and the Muslims descended with him-saww, and the reason for his-saww descent in this place was the Revelation of the Quran unto him-saww with his-saww nomination of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws as a Caliph in the community from after him-saww.
و قد كان تقدم الوحي إليه في ذلك من غير توقيت له فأخره لحضور وقت يأمن فيه الاختلاف منهم عليه و علم الله عز و جل أنه إن تجاوز غدير خم انفصل عنه كثير من الناس إلى بلدانهم و أماكنهم و بواديهم فأراد الله أن يجمعهم لسماع النص على أمير المؤمنين ع و تأكيد الحجة عليهم فيه
And the Revelation had preceded to him-saww regarding that from another timing to him, but he-saww delayed it (announcement) for the presenting of the time he-saww felt safe in it of the differing from them upon it, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Knew that if he-saww crossed over Ghadeer Khumm, a lot of the people would separate from him-saww to go to their cities and their dwelling and their valleys. Therefore, Allah-azwj Wanted that he-saww gathered them to hear the text upon Amir Al-Momineen-asws and an emphasis of the argument/proof upon them regarding him-asws.
فأنزل الله تعالى يا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ ما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ يعني في استخلاف علي ع و النص بالإمامة عليه وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَما بَلَّغْتَ رِسالَتَهُ وَ اللَّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ فأكد الفرض عليه بذلك و خوفه من تأخير الأمر فيه و ضمن له العصمة و منع الناس منه
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: O you Rasool! Deliver what has been Revealed unto you from your Lord – meaning regarding the successorship of Ali-asws and the word with the Imamate to him-asws, and if you don’t do so, then you have not delivered His Message, and Allah will Protect you from the people. Surely Allah does not Guide the Kafir people [5:67]. Thus, He-azwj Emphasised the Obligation upon it with that and His-azwj Reservation from delaying the matter regarding him-asws and Guaranteed the Protection for him-saww and Preventing the people from him-saww.
فنزل رسول الله ص المكان الذي ذكرناه لما وصفناه من الأمر له بذلك و شرحناه و نزل المسلمون حوله و كان يوما قائظا شديد الحر فأمر ع بدوحات فقم ما تحتها و أمر بجمع الرحال في ذلك المكان و وضع بعضها فوق بعض ثم أمر مناديه فنادى في الناس الصلاة جامعة فاجتمعوا من رحالهم إليه و إن أكثرهم ليلف رداءه على قدميه من شدة الرمضاء
Rasool-Allah-saww descended in the place which we mentioned and described for the Command to him-saww with that, and we commented upon it, and the Muslims descended around him-saww, and it was a day of intense heat. He-saww ordered with tents, and he-saww stood in what is beneath it and instructed with gathering of the saddles in that place and placed them above each other then ordered a caller to call out among the people for the congregational Salat. So, they gathered from their rides to him-saww, and a lot of them had wrapped their cloaks upon their feet from the severity of the heat.
فلما اجتمعوا صعد على تلك الرحال حتى صار في ذروتها و دعا أمير المؤمنين ع فرقي معه حتى قام عن يمينه ثُمَّ خَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ وَعَظَ فَأَبْلَغَ فِي الْمَوْعِظَةِ وَ نَعَى إِلَى الْأُمَّةِ نَفْسَهُ وَ قَالَ قَدْ دُعِيتُ وَ يُوشِكُ أَنْ أُجِيبَ وَ قَدْ حَانَ مِنِّي خُفُوقٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَظْهُرِكُمْ وَ إِنِّي مُخَلِّفٌ فِيكُمْ مَا إِنْ تَمَسَّكْتُمْ بِهِ لَنْ تَضِلُّوا مِنْ بَعْدِي كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَ عِتْرَتِي أَهْلَ بَيْتِي فَإِنَّهُمَا لَنْ يَفْتَرِقَا حَتَّى يَرِدَا عَلَيَّ الْحَوْضَ
When they had gathered, he-saww climbed upon those saddles until he-saww came to be in its peak and called Amir Al-Momineen-asws. He-asws ascended to be with him-saww and stood on his-saww right. Then he-saww addressed the people. He-azwj praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj and preached. He-saww reached in the preaching gave the news of his-saww own death to the community and said: ‘I-saww have been Called and no doubt I-saww shall answer and the steps have come near me-saww in your midst, and I-saww am leaving behind among you all what if you were to adhere with it, you will never stray from after me-saww – Book of Allah-azwj and my-saww family-asws, the People-asws of my-saww Household, for these two will never separate until they return to me-saww at the Fountain’.
ثُمَّ نَادَى بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ أَ لَسْتُ أَوْلَى بِكُمْ مِنْكُمْ بِأَنْفُسِكُمْ قَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ بَلَى فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عَلَى النَّسَقِ مِنْ غَيْرِ فَصْلٍ وَ قَدْ أَخَذَ بِضَبْعَيْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَرَفَعَهُمَا حَتَّى بَانَ بَيَاضُ إِبْطَيْهِمَا فَمَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَهَذَا عَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ اللَّهُمَّ وَالِ مَنْ وَالاهُ وَ عَادِ مَنْ عَادَاهُ وَ انْصُرْ مَنْ نَصَرَهُ وَ اخْذُلْ مَنْ خَذَلَهُ
Then he-saww called out at the top of his-saww voice: ‘Am I-saww not foremost with you all that you are with yourselves?’ They said, ‘O Allah-azwj, yes!’ He-saww said to them from without any doubt, and he-saww had grabbed the forearms of Amir Al-Momineen-asws and raised them until the whiteness of their-asws armpits were seen:’ فَمَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَهَذَا عَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ’ ‘So the one whose Master-saww I-saww was, this Ali-asws is his Master-asws. O Allah-azwj! Befriend the one who befriends him-asws and Be Inimical to the one who is inimical to him-asws, and Help the one who helps him-asws and abandon the ones who abandons him-asws’.
ثم نزل ص و كان وقت الظهيرة فصلى ركعتين ثم زالت الشمس فأذن مؤذنه لصلاة الظهر فصلى بهم الظهر و جلس ع في خيمته و أمر عليا ع أن يجلس في خيمة له بإزائه ثم أمر المسلمين أن يدخلوا عليه فوجا فوجا فيهنئوه بالمقام و يسلموا عليه بإمرة المؤمنين
Then he-saww descended, and it was the time of the noon so he-saww prayed two Cycles Salat, then the sun (started to) decline. His-saww Muezzin proclaimed the Azaan for Al-Zohr Salat, and he-saww prayed leading Salat Al-Zohr with them and sat down in his-saww tent, and instructed Ali-asws to be seated in a tent of his-asws facing towards him-saww. Then he-saww ordered the Muslims to enter to see him-asws in droves and droves and congratulate him-asws with the position and greet to him-asws as the Emir of the Momineen.
ففعل الناس ذلك كلهم ثم أمر أزواجه و سائر نساء المؤمنين معه أن يدخلن عليه و يسلمن عليه بإمرة المؤمنين ففعلن و كان فيمن أطنب في تهنئته بالمقام عمر بن الخطاب و أظهر له من المسرة به و قال فيما قال بخ بخ لك يا علي أصبحت مولاي و مولى كل مؤمن و مؤمنة
The people did that, all of them. Then he-saww ordered his-saww wives and the rest of the women of the Momineen with him-saww that they enter to see him-asws and greet to him-asws as Emir of the Momineen. They did so, and among the ones who exaggerated in congratulating him-asws with the position was Umar Bin Al-Khattab and manifested to him-asws the cheerfulness with it, and he said among what he said, ‘Congratulations! Congratulations to you-asws, O Ali-asws. You-asws have become my Master-asws and Master-asws of every Momin man and Momin woman’.
و جاء حسان بن ثابت إلى رسول الله ص فقال يا رسول الله أ تأذن لي أن أقول في هذا المقام ما يرضاه الله فقال له قل يا حسان على اسم الله
And Hasaan Bin Sabit came to Rasool-Allah-saww and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Will you-saww permit me that I say regarding this position what Allah-azwj would be Pleased with?’ He-saww said to him: ‘Say (it) O Hasaan, upon the Name of Allah-azwj’.
فوقف على نشز من الأرض و تطاول المسلمون لسماع كلامه فأنشأ يقول
| يناديهم يوم الغدير نبيهم | بخم و أسمع بالرسول مناديا | |
| و قال فمن مولاكم و وليكم | فقالوا و لم يبدوا هناك التعاديا | |
| إلهك مولانا و أنت ولينا | و لن تجدن منا لك اليوم عاصيا | |
| فقال له قم يا علي فإنني | رضيتك من بعدي إماما و هاديا | |
| فمن كنت مولاه فهذا وليه | فكونوا له أتباع صدق مواليا | |
| هناك دعا اللهم وال وليه | و كن للذي عادى عليا معاديا |
He stood upon a hill from the ground and the Muslims hearkened to listen to his speech. He prosed saying (a poem), ‘Their Prophet-saww called out to them on the day of Ghadeer at Khumm and a call was hear from the Rasool-saww and he-saww said: ‘So who is your Master and your Guardian?’ They said and did not begin the hostility over there, ‘Your-saww God-azwj is our Master and you-saww are our Guardian, and you-saww will never find from us any disobedience to you-saww today’. So, he-saww said to him-asws: ‘Stand, O Ali-asws, for I-saww am pleased with you-asws as an Imam-asws from after me-saww and as a guide, so the one whose Master I-saww was, this one is his Master, therefore become followers of his-asws, sincere, friendly’. Over here he-saww supplicated: ‘O Allah-azwj! Befriend the one who befriends him-asws, and become towards those who are inimical to Ali-asws, Inimical’’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا تَزَالُ يَا حَسَّانُ مُؤَيَّداً بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ مَا نَصَرْتَنَا بِلِسَانِكَ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said to him: ‘O Hasaan! You will not cease to be aided by the Holy Spirit for as long as you help us-asws with your tongue’’.[1]
– قَالَ السَّيِّدُ ابْنُ طَاوُسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْبَلْخِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْأَدَمِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ أَخْرُجَ فَأُنَادِيَ فِي النَّاسِ أَلَا مَنْ ظَلَمَ أَجِيراً أَجْرَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ أَلَا مَنْ تَوَالَى غَيْرَ مَوَالِيهِ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ أَلَا وَ مَنْ سَبَّ أَبَوَيْهِ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ
Al Seyyid Ibn Tawoos said, ‘It is reported by Muhammad Bin jareer Al Tabari, from yusuf Bin Ali Al Balkhy, from Abu Saeed Al Adamy, from Abdul Kareem Bin Hilal,
‘From Al-Husayn son of Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww instructed me-asws to go out and call out among the people: ‘Indeed! One who is unjust to a worker of his recompense, upon him is the Curse of Allah-azwj. Indeed! One who follows other than his Master-asws, upon him is the Curse of Allah-azwj. Indeed! One who reviles his parents, upon him is the Curse of Allah-azwj’.
قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَخَرَجْتُ فَنَادَيْتُ فِي النَّاسِ كَمَا أَمَرَنِي النَّبِيُّ ص فَقَالَ لِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ هَلْ لِمَا نَادَيْتَ بِهِ مِنْ تَفْسِيرٍ فَقُلْتُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ
Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws said: ‘I-asws went out and called out among the people just as the Prophet-saww had instructed me-asws. Umar Bin Al-Khattab said to me-asws, ‘Is there any interpretation to what you-asws called out with?’ I-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww are more knowing’.
قَالَ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ وَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلْ لِمَا نَادَى عَلِيٌّ مِنْ تَفْسِيرٍ
He-asws said: ‘So, Umar and a group from the companions of the Prophet-saww stood up and entered to see him-saww. Umar said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Is there any interpretation of what Ali-asws called out with?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ أَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ يُنَادِيَ أَلَا مَنْ ظَلَمَ أَجِيراً أَجْرَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ قُلْ لا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبى فَمَنْ ظَلَمَنَا فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ
He-saww said: ‘Yes, I-saww instructed him-asws to call out: ‘Indeed! One who is unjust to a worker of his recompense, upon him is the Curse of Allah-azwj’, and Allah-azwj is Saying: ‘Say: ‘I do not ask you for recompense over it, except for the cordiality to be for my relatives’. [42:23]. So, the one who is unjust to us-asws, then upon him is the Curse of Allah-azwj.
وَ أَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ يُنَادِيَ مَنْ تَوَالَى غَيْرَ مَوَالِيهِ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ النَّبِيُّ أَوْلى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ فَمَنْ تَوَالَى غَيْرَ عَلِيٍ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ
And I-saww instructed him-asws to call out: ‘One who follows other than his Master-asws, upon him is the Curse of Allah-azwj’, and Allah-azwj is Saying: The Prophet is foremost with the Momineen than their own selves, [33:6], and the one whose Master I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his Master. Thus, the one who follows other than Ali-asws, upon him is the Curse of Allah-azwj.
وَ أَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ يُنَادِيَ مَنْ سَبَّ أَبَوَيْهِ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَ أَنَا أُشْهِدُ اللَّهَ وَ أُشْهِدُكُمْ أَنِّي وَ عَلِيّاً أَبَوَا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَمَنْ سَبَّ أَحَدَنَا فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ
And I-saww instructed him-asws to call out: ‘One who reviles his parents, upon him is the Curse of Allah-azwj’, and I-saww keep Allah-azwj as Witness and keep you all as witness that I-saww and Ali-asws are two fathers of the Momineen, so the one who reviles one of us-asws, upon him is the Curse of Allah-azwj’.
فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا قَالَ عُمَرُ يَا أَصْحَابَ مُحَمَّدٍ مَا أَكَّدَ النَّبِيُّ لِعَلِيٍّ فِي الْوَلَايَةِ فِي غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ وَ لَا فِي غَيْرِهِ أَشَدَّ مِنْ تَأْكِيدِهِ فِي يَوْمِنَا هَذَا
When they went out, Umar said, ‘O companions of Muhammad-saww! Muhammad-saww was not so devoted to Ali-asws regarding the Wilayah in Ghadeer Khumm among others more intensely than his-saww emphasising during this day of ours’.
قَالَ خَبَّابُ بْنُ الْأَرَتِّ كَانَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ قَبْلَ وَفَاةِ النَّبِيِّ ص بِتِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً.
Khabbab Bin Al-Art said, ‘This Hadeeth was before the expiry of the Prophet-saww by nineteen days’’.[2]
– أَقُولُ رَوَى الْبُرْسِيُّ فِي مَشَارِقِ الْأَنْوَارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ مَعَاشِرَ النَّاسِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ أَنِّي مَقْبُوضٌ وَ أَنَّ ابْنَ عَمِّي هُوَ أَخِي وَ وَصِيِّي وَ وَلِيُّ اللَّهِ وَ خَلِيفَتِي وَ الْمُبَلِّغُ عَنِّي وَ هُوَ إِمَامُ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَ قَائِدُ الْغُرِّ الْمُحَجَّلِينَ وَ يَعْسُوبُ الدِّينِ
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by Al Bursy in (the book) Mashariq Al Anwaar’, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww addressed. He-saww said: ‘Community of people! Allah-azwj Revealed to me-saww that I-saww shall be expiring and that the son-asws of my-saww uncle-as, he-asws is my-saww brother-asws, and my-saww successors-asws, and Guardian of Allah-azwj, and my-saww Caliph, and the deliverer on my-saww behalf, and he-asws is the Imam-asws of the pious, and guide of the resplendent, and leader of the Religion.
إِنِ اسْتَرْشَدْتُمُوهُ أَرْشَدَكُمْ وَ إِنْ تَبِعْتُمُوهُ نَجَوْتُمْ وَ إِنْ أَطَعْتُمُوهُ فَاللَّهَ أَطَعْتُمْ وَ إِنْ عَصَيْتُمُوهُ فَاللَّهَ عَصَيْتُمْ وَ إِنْ بَايَعْتُمُوهُ فَاللَّهَ بَايَعْتُمْ وَ إِنْ نَكَثْتُمْ بَيْعَتَهُ فَبَيْعَةَ اللَّهِ نَكَثْتُمْ
If you seek to be guided by him-asws, he-asws will guide you aright, and if you pledge allegiance to him-asws, you will attain salvation, and if you obey him-asws, so it is Allah-azwj you are obeying, and if you disobey him-asws, it is Allah-azwj you are disobeying, and if you pledge allegiance to him-asws, it is Allah-azwj you are pledging to, and if you break his-asws allegiance, it is Allah-azwj allegiance you are breaking.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيَّ الْقُرْآنَ وَ عَلِيٌّ سَفِيرُهُ فَمَنْ خَالَفَ الْقُرْآنَ ضَلَّ وَ مَنْ تَبِعَ غَيْرَ عَلِيٍّ ذَلَّ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed the Quran unto me-saww and Ali-asws is its ambassador. So the one who opposes the Quran, strays, and the one who follows other than Ali-asws, will be disgraced.
مَعَاشِرَ النَّاسِ أَلَا إِنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي خَاصَّتِي وَ قَرَابَتِي وَ أَوْلَادِي وَ ذُرِّيَّتِي وَ لَحْمِي وَ دَمِي وَ وَدِيعَتِي وَ إِنَّكُمْ مَجْمُوعُونَ غَداً وَ مَسْئُولُونَ عَنِ الثَّقَلَيْنِ فَانْظُرُوا كَيْفَ تَخْلُفُونِّي فِيهِمْ
Community of people! Indeed, the People-asws of my-saww Household are my-saww special ones, and my-saww near ones, and my-saww children, and my-saww offspring, and my-saww flesh, and my-saww blood, and my-saww entrustments, and you all will be gathered tomorrow and Questions about the two weighty things, therefore look at how you are dealing with me-saww regarding them-asws.
فَمَنْ آذَاهُمْ فَقَدْ آذَانِي وَ مَنْ ظَلَمَهُمْ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَنِي وَ مَنْ نَصَرَهُمْ فَقَدْ نَصَرَنِي وَ مَنْ أَعَزَّهُمْ فَقَدْ أَعَزَّنِي وَ مَنْ طَلَبَ الْهُدَى مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ فَقَدْ كَذَّبَنِي فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ انْظُرُوا مَا أَنْتُمْ قَائِلُونَ غَداً فَإِنِّي خَصْمٌ لِمَنْ كَانَ خَصْمَهُمْ وَ مَنْ كُنْتُ خَصْمَهُ فَالْوَيْلُ لَهُ.
The one who hurts them-asws so he has hurt me-saww, and one who is unjust to them-asws so he has been unjust to me-saww, and one who helps them-asws so he has helped me-saww, and one who honours them-asws so he has honoured me-asws, and one who seeks the guidance from others so he has belied me-saww, therefore fear Allah-azwj and look at what you will be saying tomorrow, for I-saww shall dispute to the ones who had disputed them-asws, and one whom I-saww dispute, doom would be for him’’.
وَ رَوَى الصَّدُوقُ فِي كِتَابِ فَضَائِلِ الشِّيعَةِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقِبْطِيِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: النَّاسُ أَغْفَلُوا قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي عَلِيٍّ ع يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ كَمَا أَغْفَلُوا قَوْلَهُ يَوْمَ مَشْرَبَةِ أُمِّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
And it is reported by Al Sadouq in the book ‘Fazaail Al Shia’, by his chain, from Muhammad the Coptic,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The people are being heedless of the words of Rasool-Allah-saww regarding Ali-asws on the day of Ghadeer Khumm just as they are being heedless of his-asws words on the day of the drinking place of Umm Ibrahim-as.
أَتَى النَّاسُ يَعُودُونَهُ فَجَاءَ عَلِيٌّ ع لِيَدْنُو مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَلَمْ يَجِدْ مَكَاناً فَلَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يُفْرِجُونَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ النَّاسِ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي تَسْتَخِفُّونَ بِهِمْ وَ أَنَا حَيٌّ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْكُمْ
The people came to console him-as and Ali-asws came to be near Rasool-Allah-saww, but could not find a place. When Rasool-Allah-saww saw that they are not making way for Ali-asws, he-saww said: ‘O community of the people! They-asws are the People-asws of my-saww Household. You are belittling them-asws while I-saww am still alive, being in your midst.
أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ غِبْتُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَغِيبُ عَنْكُمْ إِنَّ الرَّوْحَ وَ الرَّاحَةَ وَ الرِّضْوَانَ وَ الْبُشْرَى وَ الْحُبَّ وَ الْمَحَبَّةَ لِمَنِ ائْتَمَّ بِعَلِيٍّ وَ تَوَلَّاهُ وَ سَلَّمَ لَهُ وَ لِلْأَوْصِيَاءِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ
But by Allah-azwj! If I-saww were to be absent, then Allah-azwj will not be Absent from you all. The cool breeze, and the rest, and the pleasure, and the glad tidings, and the love, and the love, and love (of others) is for the one who emulates Ali-asws and is in his-asws Wilayah, and submits to him-asws and to the successors-asws from after him-asws.
حَقٌّ عَلَيَّ أَنْ أُدْخِلَهُمْ فِي شَفَاعَتِي لِأَنَّهُمْ أَتْبَاعِي فَمَنْ تَبِعَنِي فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي مَثَلٌ جَرَى فِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ لِأَنِّي مِنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ مِنِّي وَ دِينِي دِينُهُ وَ سُنَّتِي سُنَّتُهُ وَ فَضْلُهُ فَضْلِي وَ أَنَا أَفْضَلُ مِنْهُ وَ فَضْلِي لَهُ فَضْلٌ تَصْدِيقُ قَوْلِ رَبِّي ذُرِّيَّةً بَعْضُها مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَ اللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ.
A right of Ali-asws is that I-saww include them in my-saww intercession because they-asws are my-saww followers, so the one who follows me-saww, he is from me-saww, an example flowing in Ibrahim-as, because I-saww am from Ibrahim-as and Ibrahim-as is from me-saww, and my-saww Religion is his-as Religion, and my-saww Sunnah is his-as Sunnah, and his-as merits are my-saww merits, and I-saww superior than him-as, and my-saww merits are for him-as, merits Ratified by the Words of my-saww Lord-azwj: Offspring, one being from the other; and Allah is Hearing, Knowing [3:34]’’.[3]
– كنز، كنز جامع الفوائد و تأويل الآيات الظاهرة مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَصَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً ع يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ قَالَ قَوْمٌ مَا يَأْلُو يَرْفَعُ ضَبْعَ ابْنِ عَمِّهِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَمْ حَسِبَ الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ أَنْ لَنْ يُخْرِجَ اللَّهُ أَضْغانَهُمْ.
(The books) ‘Kunz Jamie Al Fawaid’ and ‘Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zaahira’ – Muhammad Bin Al Abbas, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Zakariya, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Umarah, from his father, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws , from Jabir Bin Abdullah having said, ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww nominated on the day of Ghadeer Khumm, a group said, ‘What is the matter he-saww is raising his-saww cousin by the arms?’ So Allah-azwj Revealed: Or do they in whose hearts is a disease, reckon that Allah will never Bring forth their grudges? [47:29]’’.[4]
– كنز، كنز جامع الفوائد و تأويل الآيات الظاهرة ذَكَرَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ ذلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَرِهُوا ما أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأَحْبَطَ أَعْمالَهُمْ وَ قَوْلِهِ ذلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قالُوا لِلَّذِينَ كَرِهُوا ما نَزَّلَ اللَّهُ سَنُطِيعُكُمْ فِي بَعْضِ الْأَمْرِ وَ اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِسْرارَهُمْ
(The books) ‘Kunz Jamie Al Fawaid’ and ‘Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zaahira’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim mentioned, from his father, from Ismail Bin Marrar, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzeyl,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws , he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: That is because they abhorred what Allah Revealed, so He Nullified their deeds [47:9], and His-azwj Words: That is because they said to those who abhorred what Allah Revealed, ‘We shall obey you in some of the matters’, and Allah Knows their secrets [47:26].
قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا أَخَذَ الْمِيثَاقَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ أَ تَدْرُونَ مَنْ وَلِيُّكُمْ بَعْدِي قَالُوا اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ إِنْ تَظاهَرا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ مَوْلاهُ وَ جِبْرِيلُ وَ صالِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَعْنِي عَلِيّاً هُوَ وَلِيُّكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي هَذِهِ الْأُولَى.
He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-azwj, when he-saww took the covenant for Amir Al-Momineen-asws, he-saww said: ‘Are you knowing who is your guardian after me-saww?’ They said, ‘Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww are more knowing’. He-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj is Saying: and if you back each other against him, then surely Allah, He is his Guardian, and (so are) Jibraeel and the corrector of the Momineen [66:4] – meaning Ali-asws, he-asws is your guardian from after me-asws ’. This is first.
وَ أَمَّا الْمَرَّةُ الثَّانِيَةُ لَمَّا أَشْهَدَهُمْ يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ وَ قَدْ كَانُوا يَقُولُونَ لَئِنْ قَبَضَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً لَا نُرْجِعُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فِي آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ لَا نُعْطِيهِمْ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ شَيْئاً
As for the second time, when he-saww kept them as witnesses on the day of Ghadeer Khumm, and they had been saying, ‘When Allah-azwj Causes Muhammad-saww to expire, we will not let this command returned to be in Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, nor will we give them anything from the Khums’.
فَاطَّلَعَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّا لا نَسْمَعُ سِرَّهُمْ وَ نَجْواهُمْ بَلى وَ رُسُلُنا لَدَيْهِمْ يَكْتُبُونَ
Allah-azwj Notified His-azwj Prophet-saww upon that and Revealed unto him-saww: Or are they reckoning that We cannot Hear their secrets and their whisperings? Yes! And our Messengers (who are) with them, are recording [43:80].
وَ قَالَ أَيْضاً فِيهِمْ فَهَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِنْ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ أَنْ تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ تُقَطِّعُوا أَرْحامَكُمْ أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ فَأَصَمَّهُمْ وَ أَعْمى أَبْصارَهُمْ أَ فَلا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْآنَ أَمْ عَلى قُلُوبٍ أَقْفالُها إِنَّ الَّذِينَ ارْتَدُّوا عَلى أَدْبارِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الْهُدَى وَ الْهُدَى سَبِيلُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع الشَّيْطانُ سَوَّلَ لَهُمْ وَ أَمْلى لَهُمْ
And Said regarding them as well: So if perhaps you were to be rulers, you would make mischief in the land and cut off your relationships [47:22] They are those Allah has Cursed, so He Made Deafened them and Blinded their visions [47:23] So do they not ponder on the Quran, or are there locks upon (their) hearts [47:24] Surely, those who turned back upon their back from after the Guidance having become clarified to them, – and the Guidance is the way of Amir Al-Momineen-asws , the Satan had enticed for them and dictated to them [47:25].
قَالَ وَ قَرَأَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ هَكَذَا فَهَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِنْ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ وَ سَلَّطْتُمْ وَ مَلَكْتُمْ أَنْ تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ تُقَطِّعُوا أَرْحَامَكُمْ نَزَلَتْ فِي بَنِي عَمِّنَا بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَ فِيهِمْ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ فَأَصَمَّهُمْ وَ أَعْمى أَبْصارَهُمْ أَ فَلا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْآنَ فَيَقْضُوا مَا عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْحَقِ أَمْ عَلى قُلُوبٍ أَقْفالُها.
He (the narrator) said, ‘And Abu Abdullah-asws recited this Verse like this: So if perhaps you were to be rulers, and overcome and possess kingdom, you would make mischief in the land and cut off your relationships [47:22], it was Revealed regarding the clan of our-asws uncles, clan of Umayyad, and regarding them Allah-azwj Said: They are those Allah has Cursed, so He Made Deafened them and Blinded their visions [47:23] So do they not ponder on the Quran – So they eliminated what was against them from the Truth, or are there locks upon (their) hearts [47:24]’’.[5]
– فس، تفسير القمي بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ع فِي خُطْبَةِ الْغَدِيرِ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَ اللَّهِ نَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ الْعَصْرِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى آخِرِهِ.
Tafseer Al Qummi – By his chain,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww in the sermon of Al-Ghadeer: ‘It was Revealed regarding Ali-asws, by Allah-azwj, the Chapter (103) ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj, the Beneficent, the Merciful. (I Swear) by the time [103:1], up to its end’’.[6]
– كنز، كنز جامع الفوائد و تأويل الآيات الظاهرة مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أَوْقَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَوْمَ الْغَدِيرِ افْتَرَقَ النَّاسُ ثَلَاثَ فِرَقٍ فَقَالَتْ فِرْقَةٌ ضَلَّ مُحَمَّدٌ وَ فِرْقَةٌ قَالَتْ غَوَى وَ فِرْقَةٌ قَالَتْ بِهَوَاهُ يَقُولُ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ ابْنِ عَمِّهِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى الْآيَاتِ.
(The books) ‘Kunz Jamie Al Fawaid’ and ‘Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zaahira’ – Muhammad Bin Al Abbas, from Ahmad Bin Al Qasim, from Mansour Bin Al Abbas, from Dawood Bin Al Husayn, from Al Fazl Bin Abdul Malik,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww paused (to announce the Wilayah of) Amir Al-Momineen-asws on the Day of Ghadeer, the (strayed) people were divided into three categories. One group said, ‘Muhammad-saww is mistaken’. And a group said, ‘Strayed’. And a group said, ‘He-saww speaks by (personal) desire regarding the People-asws of his-saww Household and his-saww cousin-asws’. So Allah-azwj the Glorious Revealed: (I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1] – the Verses’’.[7]
كنز، كنز جامع الفوائد و تأويل الآيات الظاهرة أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ فِي نُخَبِ الْمَنَاقِبِ، قَالَ رُوِّينَا حَدِيثاً مُسْنَداً عَنْ أَبِي الْوَرْدِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ أَ فَمَنْ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ الْحَقُ هُوَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ الْأَعْمَى هُنَا هُوَ عَدُوُّهُ وَ أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ شِيعَتُهُ الْمَوْصُوفُونَ بِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى الَّذِينَ يُوفُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَ لا يَنْقُضُونَ الْمِيثاقَ الْمَأْخُوذَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي الذَّرِّ بِوَلَايَتِهِ وَ يَوْمِ الْغَدِيرِ.
(The books) ‘Kunz Jamie Al fawaid’ and ‘Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zaahira’ – Abu Abdullah Al Husayn Bin Jubeyr in (the book) ‘Nujab Al Muntakhab’, said, ‘We are reporting an attributed chain from Abu Al Warad,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Is the one who knows that what has been Revealed unto you from your Lord is the Truth (like the one who is blind? But rather, the ones with the understanding will be mindful) [13:19]. He-asws is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and the blind over here, he is his-asws enemy, and the ones of understanding are his-asws Shias, the ones described by the Words of the Exalted: Those who are fulfilling the Pact with Allah and are not breaking the Covenant [13:20], Taken upon them in the (realm of the) particles of his-asws Wilayah, and on the day of Al-Ghadeer’’.[8]
– مِنْ كِتَابِ اللبات [اللُّبَابِ] لِابْنِ الشَّرِيفَةِ الْوَاسِطِيِّ، يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى مِيثَمٍ التَّمَّارِ قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا أَنَا فِي السُّوقِ إِذْ أَتَى أَصْبَغُ بْنُ نُبَاتَةَ قَالَ وَيْحَكَ يَا مِيثَمُ لَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ مِنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع حَدِيثاً صَعْباً شَدِيداً قُلْتُ وَ مَا هُوَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ حَدِيثَ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ صَعْبٌ مُسْتَصْعَبٌ لَا يَحْتَمِلُهُ إِلَّا مَلَكٌ مُقَرَّبٌ أَوْ نَبِيٌّ مُرْسَلٌ أَوْ عَبْدٌ مُؤْمِنٌ امْتَحَنَ اللَّهُ قَلْبَهُ لِلْإِيمَانِ
From Kitab Al Labaat of Ibn Shareefa Al Wasity, raising it to Meysam al Tammar who said,
‘‘While I was in the market, Asbagh Bin Nubata came to me and he said, ‘Woe be to you, O Maysam! I have heard a Hadeeth from Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws which is intensely difficult, so where can we happen to be like that? I heard him-asws saying: ‘Our-asws Ahadeeth, of the People of the Household are difficult, becoming more difficult. None can bear it except for an Angel of Proximity, or a Messenger Prophet-as, or a servant whose heart Allah-azwj has Tested for the Eman’.
فَقُمْتُ مِنْ فَوْرَتِي فَأَتَيْتُ عَلِيّاً ع فَقُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَدِيثٌ أَخْبَرَنِي بِهِ أَصْبَغُ عَنْكَ قَدْ ضِقْتُ بِهِ ذَرْعاً فَقَالَ ع مَا هُوَ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِهِ فَتَبَسَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ اجْلِسْ يَا مِيثَمُ أَ وَ كُلُّ عِلْمٍ يَحْتَمِلُهُ عَالِمٌ
I immediately stood up and went over to Ali-asws and I said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! A Hadeeth which Al-Asbagh Bin Nubata informed me with, (reporting) from you-asws, I am constricted by it, and I am uneasy’. He-asws said: ‘And what is it?’ I informed him-asws, and he-asws smiled, then said: ‘Be seated, O Maysam! Or, is every knowledge borne by a scholar?’
إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ إِنِّي جاعِلٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ خَلِيفَةً قالُوا أَ تَجْعَلُ فِيها مَنْ يُفْسِدُ فِيها وَ يَسْفِكُ الدِّماءَ وَ نَحْنُ نُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِكَ وَ نُقَدِّسُ لَكَ قالَ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ فَهَلْ رَأَيْتَ الْمَلَائِكَةَ احْتَمَلُوا الْعِلْمَ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ إِنَّ هَذَا أَعْظَمُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
Allah-azwj the Exalted Said to the Angels And when your Lord said to the Angels: I am going to Make a Caliph in the earth. They said: Are You going to Make in it one who will make mischief therein and shed the blood, and we Glorify with Your Praise and we extol Your Holiness? He said: I Know what you do not know [2:30]. So, do you see that the Angels were (not) bearing the knowledge?’ I said, ‘By Allah-azwj! This is greater than that’.
قَالَ وَ الْأُخْرَى أَنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ التَّوْرَاةَ فَظَنَّ أَنْ لَا أَحَدَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ فِي خَلْقِهِ أَعْلَمَ مِنْهُ وَ ذَلِكَ إِذْ خَافَ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ الْعُجْبَ قَالَ فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنْ يُرْشِدَهُ إِلَى الْعَالِمِ قَالَ فَجَمَعَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الْخَضِرِ ع فَخَرَقَ السَّفِينَةَ فَلَمْ يَحْتَمِلْ ذَلِكَ مُوسَى وَ قَتَلَ الْغُلَامَ فَلَمْ يَحْتَمِلْهُ وَ أَقَامَ الْجِدَارَ فَلَمْ يَحْتَمِلْهُ
He-asws said: ‘And another is Musa-as. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed the Torah unto him-as, so he-as thought that there is no one more knowledgeable than him-as. But, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Informed: “There is someone among My-azwj creatures who is more knowledgeable than you-as”, and that is because He-azwj Feared the self-conceitedness upon His-azwj Prophet-as. So he-as called upon his-as Lord-azwj (to introduce) him-as to the scholar. So Allah-azwj Gathered him-as with Al-Khizr-as. He (Al-Khizr-as) punctured the ship, and Musa-as could not bear that. And he-as killed the boy and Musa-as could not bear that. And he-as straightened the wall, and he-as could not bear it.
وَ أَمَّا النَّبِيُّونَ فَإِنَّ نَبِيَّنَا ص أَخَذَ يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ بِيَدِي فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ فَهَلْ رَأَيْتَ احْتَمَلُوا ذَلِكَ إِلَّا مَنْ عَصَمَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ فَأَبْشِرُوا ثُمَّ أَبْشِرُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ خَصَّكُمْ بِمَا لَمْ يَخُصَّ بِهِ الْمَلَائِكَةَ وَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ فِيمَا احْتَمَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ فِي أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ عِلْمِهِ
And as for the Momineen, so our Prophet-saww grabbed me-asws by my-asws hand on the Day of Ghadeer khumm and he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! The one whose Master I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his Master’. So, do you see them bearing that, except for the one whom Allah-azwj Rescued from them? Therefore, receive glad tidings, then receive glad tidings (again), for Allah-azwj has Particularised you all with what He-azwj did not Particularise the Angels with, and the Prophets-as, and the Mursils-as with regards to what you are bearing from the orders to Rasool-Allah-saww and his-saww knowledge.
فَحَدِّثُوا عَنْ فَضْلِنَا وَ لَا حَرَجَ وَ عَنْ عَظِيمِ أَمْرِنَا وَ لَا إِثْمَ
So narrated of our-asws merits and there is no blame, and of our-asws great matters and there is no sin’.
قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أُمِرْنَا مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَنْ نُخَاطِبَ النَّاسَ عَلَى قَدْرِ عُقُولِهِمْ.
He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘We-asws are the community of the Prophets-as, we-asws address the people upon a measurement of their intellects’’.[9]
– وَ حَدَّثَنِي الشَّرِيفُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ الْحُسَيْنِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ الطَّبَرِيَّ يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فِي الْمَنَامِ فَقَالَ لِي يَا هَنَّادُ قُلْتُ لَبَّيْكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ أَنْشِدْنِي قَوْلَ الْكُمَيْتِ
And it is narrated to me by Al Shareef Muhammad Bin Ubeydullah Al Husayni, from his father, from Abu Al Hassan Ahmad Bin Mahboub who said, ‘I heard Abu Ja’far Al Tabari saying, ‘It was narrated to us by Hannad Bin Al Sary who said,
‘I saw Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws in the dream and he-asws said to me: ‘O Hannad!’ I said, ‘At your-asws service, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws!’ He-asws said: ‘Prose (recite a poem) to me-asws the words of Al-Kumeet’.
| وَ يَوْمَ الدَّوْحِ دَوْحِ غَدِيرِ خُمٍ | أَبَانَ لَنَا الْوَلَايَةَ لَوْ أُطِيعَا | |
| وَ لَكِنَّ الرِّجَالَ تَبَايَعُوهَا | فَلَمْ أَرَ مِثْلَهَا أَمْراً شَنِيعاً |
‘And on the day of Al-Dawha, is the day of Ghadeer Khumm, the Wilayah was manifested to us, if only we obey, but the men pledged it, so I did not see any matter atrocious like it’.
قَالَ فَأَنْشَدْتُهُ فَقَالَ لِي خُذْ إِلَيْكَ يَا هَنَّادُ فَقُلْتُ هَاتِ يَا سَيِّدِي فَقَالَ ع
| وَ لَمْ أَرَ مِثْلَ الْيَوْمِ يَوْماً | وَ لَمْ أَرَ مِثْلَهُ حَقّاً أُضِيعَا. |
He said, ‘So I recited it. He-asws said to me: ‘Take it to you, O Hannad!’ I said, ‘Give, O my Master-asws!’ He-asws said: ‘And I have not seen a day like today, and not see, a right lost like it’’.[10]
– فس، تفسير القمي النَّبِيُّ أَوْلى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ أَزْواجُهُ أُمَّهاتُهُمْ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ وَ هُوَ أَبٌ لَهُمْ وَ مَعْنَى أَزْواجُهُ أُمَّهاتُهُمْ فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَوْلَادَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ جَعَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَباً لَهُمْ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ أَنْ يَصُونَ نَفْسَهُ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَلَايَةٌ فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى نَبِيَّهُ أَوْلَى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ
Tafseer Al-Qummi – The Prophet is foremost with the Momineen than their own selves, and his wives are their mothers [33:6]. He said, ‘It was Revealed, ‘And he-saww is a father to them’, and the meaning of, ‘And his-saww wives are their mothers’, so Allah-azwj Made the Momineen to be the children of Rasool-Allah-saww, and Made Rasool-Allah-saww a father to them, to the one who is not able upon protecting himself and there does not happen to be any wealth for him, and there isn’t any wilayah (governance) upon him, so Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Made His-azwj Prophet-saww foremost with the Momineen than their own selves. (This paragraph is not Hadeeth)
وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِغَدِيرِ خُمٍّ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَ لَسْتُ أَوْلَى بِكُمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ قَالُوا بَلَى
And it is the word of Rasool-Allah-saww at Ghadeer Khumm: ‘O you people! Am I-saww not foremost with you all than your own selves?’ They said, ‘Yes’’.
ثُمَّ أَوْجَبَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَا أَوْجَبَهُ لِنَفْسِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْوَلَايَةِ فَقَالَ أَلَا مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ
Then he-saww obligated for Amir Al-Momineen-asws what had been Obligated for himself-saww upon them of the Wilayah. He-saww said: ‘Indeed! One whose Master I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his Master’. (This paragraph is not Hadeeth)
فَلَمَّا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ النَّبِيَّ ص أَبَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَلْزَمَهُ مَئُونَتَهُمْ وَ تَرْبِيَةَ أَيْتَامِهِمْ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ صَعِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ مَنْ تَرَكَ مَالًا فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ وَ مَنْ تَرَكَ دَيْناً أَوْ ضَيَاعاً فَعَلَيَّ وَ إِلَيَّ
When Allah-azwj Made the Prophet-saww a father of the Momineen, Obliged supporting them and nourishing their orphans. During that, Rasool-Allah-saww ascended (the pulpit) and said: ‘One who leaves wealth so it is for his inheritors, and one leaves debts or estate, so it is upon me-saww and to me-saww’.
فَأَلْزَمَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا يُلْزِمُ الْوَالِدَ لِلْوَلَدِ وَ أَلْزَمَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنَ الطَّاعَةِ لَهُ مَا يُلْزِمُ الْوَلَدَ لِلْوَالِدِ
Allah-azwj Obliged His-azwj Prophet-saww for the Momineen what is obliges the father for the children, and obliged the Momineen-asws to be obedient to him-saww of what obliges the child to the parent. (This paragraph is not Hadeeth)
فَكَذَلِكَ أَلْزَمَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا أَلْزَمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ بَعْدَهُ الْأَئِمَّةَ وَاحِداً وَاحِداً وَ الدَّلِيلُ عَلَى أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع هُمَا الْوَالِدَانِ قَوْلُهُ وَ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَ لا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئاً وَ بِالْوالِدَيْنِ إِحْساناً فَالْوَالِدَانِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع
Similar to that, it Obliges Amir Al-Momineen-asws from that what obliged Rasool-Allah-saww, and after him-asws the Imams-asws, one by one, and the evidence upon that is that Rasool-Allah-saww and Amir Al Momineen-asws are the two fathers. His-azwj Words: And worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him and be good with the parents [4:36]. So, the parents are Rasool-Allah-saww and Amir Al-Momineen-asws. (This paragraph is not Hadeeth)
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع وَ كَانَ إِسْلَامُ عَامَّةِ الْيَهُودِ بِهَذَا السَّبَبِ لِأَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ عِيَالاتِهِمْ.
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘And such was the conversion to Islam of the generality of the Jews, because they believed upon themselves and their dependants’’.[11]
– ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْحَفَّارُ عَنِ الْجِعَابِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الْخَزَّازِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْهَاشِمِيِّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ ثُوَيْرِ بْنِ أَبِي فَاخِتَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى قَالَ قَالَ أَبِي دَفَعَ النَّبِيُّ ص الرَّايَةَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَوْقَفَهُ يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ فَأَعْلَمَ النَّاسَ أَنَّهُ مَوْلَى كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ وَ مُؤْمِنَةٍ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali; of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Haffar, from Al Jiany, from Ali Bin Musa Al Khazzaz, from Al Hassan Bin Al Al Hashimy, from Ismail, from Usman Bin Ahmad, from Abu Qilaba, from Bishr Bin Umar, from Malim Bin Anas, from Zayd Bin Aslam, from Ismail Bin Aban, from Abu Maryam, from Suweyr Bin Abu Fakhta, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Layli who said,
‘The Prophet-saww handed over the flag to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws on the day of Khyber. Allah-azwj Granted victory to him-asws, and he-saww made him-asws stand on the day of Ghadeer Khumm. So, the people came to know that he-asws is a Master-asws of every believing man and woman.
وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ مِنِّي وَ أَنَا مِنْكَ وَ قَالَ لَهُ تُقَاتِلُ عَلَى التَّأْوِيلِ كَمَا قَاتَلْتُ عَلَى التَّنْزِيلِ وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمْتَ وَ حَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حَارَبْتَ
And he-saww said to him-asws: ‘You-asws are from me-saww and I-saww am from you-asws; and said to him-asws: ‘You-saww will be fought upon the interpretation just as I-saww was fought upon the Revelation’; and said to him-asws: ‘You-asws are from me-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as’; and said to him-asws: ‘I-saww am at peace to the one who as at peace with you-asws and at war with the one who battles you-asws;
وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ الْعُرْوَةُ الْوُثْقَى وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ تُبَيِّنُ لَهُمْ مَا اشْتَبَهَ عَلَيْهِمْ بَعْدِي وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ إِمَامُ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ وَ مُؤْمِنَةٍ وَ وَلِيُّ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ وَ مُؤْمِنَةٍ بَعْدِي وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ
And he-saww said to him-asws: ‘You-asws are the firmest handhold’; and said to him-asws: ‘You-asws shall clarify to them after me-saww what is confusing upon them’; and said to him-asws: ‘You-asws are Imam-asws of every believing man and woman and guardian of every believing man and woman after me-saww’; and said to him-asws: ‘You-asws the one for whom Allah-azwj Revealed: And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool to the people on the day of the Greatest Hajj [9:3];
وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ الْآخِذُ بِسُنَّتِي وَ الذَّابُّ عَنْ مِلَّتِي وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ تَنْشَقُّ الْأَرْضُ عَنْهُ وَ أَنْتَ مَعِي وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنَا عِنْدَ الْحَوْضِ وَ أَنْتَ مَعِي وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ وَ أَنْتَ بَعْدِي تَدْخُلُهَا وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ فَاطِمَةُ ع
And said to him-asws: ‘You-asws are the adopter of my-saww Sunnah and the one melting away from my-saww community’; and said to him-asws: ‘I-saww would be the first one the ground would split up from him-saww, and you-asws would be with me-saww’; and said to him-asws: ‘I-saww would be at the fountain and you-asws would be with me-saww’, and said to him-asws: ‘I-saww would be the first one to enter the Paradise and you-asws after me-saww, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws;
وَ قَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ بِأَنْ أَقُومَ بِفَضْلِكَ فَقُمْتُ بِهِ فِي النَّاسِ وَ بَلَّغْتُهُمْ مَا أَمَرَنِيَ اللَّهُ بِتَبْلِيغِهِ وَ قَالَ لَهُ اتَّقِ الضَّغَائِنَ الَّتِي لَكَ فِي صُدُورِ مَنْ لَا يُظْهِرُهَا إِلَّا بَعْدَ مَوْتِي أُولئِكَ يَلْعَنُهُمُ اللَّهُ وَ يَلْعَنُهُمُ اللَّاعِنُونَ
And said to him-asws: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to me-saww that I-saww should stand with your-asws merits, so I-saww stood among the people with it and delivered to them what Allah-azwj had Commanded me-saww with delivering it’; and said to him-asws: ‘Beware of the grudges which are for you-asws in the chests of the ones who are not manifesting these except after my-saww passing away: those Allah will Curse them, and the cursing ones will curse them (too) [2:159]’.
ثُمَّ بَكَى النَّبِيُّ ص فَقِيلَ مِمَّ بُكَاؤُكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
Then the Prophet-saww wept. It was said, ‘What are you-saww crying from, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’
قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ ع أَنَّهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَهُ وَ يَمْنَعُونَهُ حَقَّهُ وَ يُقَاتِلُونَهُ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ وُلْدَهُ وَ يَظْلِمُونَهُمْ بَعْدَهُ
He-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as informed me-saww they (Muslims) would be oppressing him-asws, and depriving him-asws of his-asws rights, and killing him-asws, and killing his-asws children, and oppressing them after him-asws.
وَ أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ ع عَنْ رَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ يَزُولُ إِذَا قَامَ قَائِمُهُمْ وَ عَلَتْ كَلِمَتُهُمْ وَ أَجْمَعَتِ الْأُمَّةُ عَلَى مَحَبَّتِهِمْ وَ كَانَ الشَّانِئُ لَهُمْ قَلِيلًا وَ الْكَارِهُ لَهُمْ ذَلِيلًا وَ كَثُرَ الْمَادِحُ لَهُمْ وَ ذَلِكَ حِينَ تَغَيُّرِ الْبِلَادِ وَ تَضَعُّفِ الْعِبَادِ وَ الْإِيَاسِ مِنَ الْفَرَجِ وَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَظْهَرُ الْقَائِمُ فِيهِمْ
And Jibraeel-as informed me-saww from his-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic that, that will only decline when their-asws Qaim-asws rises, and their-asws word would surmount and the community would unite upon their-asws love, and the adversaries to them-asws would be few, and the haters to them-asws would be disgraced, and the praisers to them-asws would be numerous. And that would be when the cities change, and the servants are weakened and despair from the relief, and during that, Al-Qaim-asws will appear among them’.
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص اسْمُهُ كَاسْمِي وَ اسْمُ أَبِيهِ كَاسْمِ ابْنِي وَ هُوَ مِنْ وُلْدِ ابْنَتِي يُظْهِرُ اللَّهُ الْحَقَّ بِهِمْ وَ يُخْمِدُ الْبَاطِلَ بِأَسْيَافِهِمْ وَ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ النَّاسُ بَيْنَ رَاغِبٍ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ خَائِفٍ لَهُمْ
The Prophet-saww said: ‘His-asws name is like my-saww name, and name of his-asws father-asws is like the name of my-saww (grand) son-asws, and he-asws is from the sons-asws of my-saww daughter-asws. Allah-azwj will Manifest the truth through them-asws, and the falsehood would be muffled by their-asws swords, and the people will follow them-asws between the ones desirous to them-asws and the ones fearful of them-asws’.
قَالَ وَ سَكَنَ الْبُكَاءُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ مَعَاشِرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَبْشِرُوا بِالْفَرَجِ فَإِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ لَا يُخْلَفُ وَ قَضَاءَهُ لَا يُرَدُّ وَ هُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْخَبِيرُ فَإِنَّ فَتْحَ اللَّهِ قَرِيبٌ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And the crying settled from Rasool-Allah-saww, and he-saww said: ‘Community of the Momineen! Receive glad tidings of the relief, a Promise of Allah-azwj not to be broken, and His-azwj Decree not to be repelled, and He-azwj is the Wise, the Informed, for the victory of Allah-azwj is near.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ أَهْلِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً اللَّهُمَّ اكْلَأْهُمْ وَ احْفَظْهُمْ وَ ارْعَهُمْ وَ كُنْ لَهُمْ وَ انْصُرْهُمْ وَ أَعِنْهُمْ وَ أَعِزَّهُمْ وَ لَا تُذِلَّهُمْ وَ اخْلُفْنِي فِيهِمْ إِنَّكَ عَلى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ.
O Allah-azwj! They-asws are my-saww family-asws, so keep the uncleanness away from them-asws and Purify them-asws a Purification. O Allah-azwj! Be their-asws Guarantor, and Protect them-asws, and Nurture them-asws, and Be for them-asws, and Help them-asws, and Assist them-asws, and Honour them-asws and do not (let them be) humiliated, and Replace me-saww regarding them-asws, You-azwj are Able upon all things’’.[12]
– إِرْشَادُ الْقُلُوبِ، بِحَذْفِ الْأَسْنَادِ قَالَ: لَمَّا اسْتُخْلِفَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ آوَى إِلَيْهِ عَمَّهُ الْحَكَمَ بْنَ الْعَاصِ وَ وَلَدَهُ مَرْوَانَ وَ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ وَ وَجَّهَ عُمَّالَهُ فِي الْأَمْصَارِ وَ كَانَ فِيمَنْ وَجَّهَ عُمَرُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ إِلَى مُشْكَانَ وَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ إِلَى الْمَدَائِنِ
(The book) ‘Irshad Al Quloob’ – By the deleted chain, (the author Al Daylami) said,
‘When Usman Bin Affan became caliph, there sheltered to him Al-Hakam Bin Al-Aas, and his son Marwan, and Al-Haris Bin Al-Hakam, and he sent his office bearers in the (various) cities, and among the ones sent was Umar Bin Sufyan Bin Al-Mugheira Bin Abu Al-Aas Bin Umayya to Mushkan, and Al-Haris Bin Al-Hakam to Al-Madain.
فَأَقَامَ فِيهَا مُدَّةً يَتَعَسَّفُ أَهْلَهَا وَ يُسِيءُ مُعَامَلَتَهُمْ فَوَفَدَ مِنْهُمْ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ وَفْدٌ شَكَوْا إِلَيْهِ وَ أَعْلَمُوهُ بِسُوءِ مَا يُعَامِلُهُمْ بِهِ وَ أَغْلَظُوا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْقَوْلِ
He stayed in it for a period abusing its inhabitants and spoiling their affairs. So, they sent a delegation from them to Usman, a delegation complaining to him, and they let him know of the evil of what evil office bearers he had send with, and that they had been harsh upon in the word.
فَوَلَّى حُذَيْفَةَ بْنَ الْيَمَانِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ ذَلِكَ فِي آخِرِ أَيَّامِهِ فَلَمْ يَنْصَرِفْ حُذَيْفَةُ بْنُ الْيَمَانِ مِنَ الْمَدَائِنِ إِلَى أَنْ قُتِلَ عُثْمَانُ وَ اسْتُخْلِفَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَأَقَامَ حُذَيْفَةَ عَلَيْهَا وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ
So he made Huzeyfa Bin Al-Yaman in charge upon them, and that was during the end of his days. Huzeyfa Bin Al-Yaman did not leave from Al Madain until the killing of Usman and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws became caliph. Huzeyfa stayed upon it, and he-asws wrote to him: –
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلِيٍّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِلَى حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الْيَمَانِ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ فَإِنِّي وَلَّيْتُكَ مَا كُنْتَ تَلِيهِ لِمَنْ كَانَ قَبْلُ مِنْ حَرْفِ الْمَدَائِنِ وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُ إِلَيْكَ أَعْمَالَ الْخَرَاجِ وَ الرُّسْتَاقِ وَ جِبَايَةَ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ
‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. From a servant of Allah-azwj Ali-asws, Amir Al-Momineen-asws, to Huzeyfa Bin Al-Yamani. The greetings be upon you! I-asws make you to be in-charge what you have been in-charge upon, for the one who was before, from a word of Al-Madain, and I-asws have made to you the workings of the taxes, and the districts, and the levies of the people under the responsibility.
فَاجْمَعْ إِلَيْكَ ثِقَاتِكَ وَ مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ مِمَّنْ تَرْضَى دِينَهُ وَ أَمَانَتَهُ وَ اسْتَعِنْ بِهِمْ عَلَى أَعْمَالِكَ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَعَزُّ لَكَ وَ لِوَلِيِّكَ وَ أَكْبَتُ لِعَدُوِّكَ وَ إِنِّي آمُرُكَ بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَ طَاعَتِهِ فِي السِّرِّ وَ الْعَلَانِيَةِ
Gather your trustworthy ones to you and the ones who love you, from the ones you are pleased with in his religion, and his entrustments, and be assisted with them upon your work, for that would be a strength for you, and for your friends, and suppress your enemies. I-asws instruct you to be with the fear of Allah-azwj and to be obedient to Him-azwj in the private as well as in the open.
فَاحْذَرْ عِقَابَهُ فِي الْمَغِيبِ وَ الْمَشْهَدِ وَ أَتَقَدَّمُ إِلَيْكَ بِالْإِحْسَانِ إِلَى الْمُحْسِنِ وَ الشِّدَّةِ عَلَى الْمُعَانِدِ وَ آمُرُكَ بِالرِّفْقِ فِي أُمُورِكَ وَ اللِّينِ وَ الْعَدْلِ فِي رَعِيَّتِكَ فَإِنَّكَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنْصَافِ الْمَظْلُومِ وَ الْعَفْوِ عَنِ النَّاسِ وَ حُسْنِ السِّيرَةِ مَا اسْتَطَعْتَ فَاللَّهُ يَجْزِي الْمُحْسِنِينَ
Be cautious of His-azwj Punishment in the hidden and the apparent, and advance to yourself with the goodness to the good doer, and the difficulty upon the obstinate; and I-asws instruct you to be with the kindness in your affairs, and the leniency, and the justice among your citizens, for you will be questioned about that (on the Day of Qiyamah), and the fairness to the oppressed, and the pardoning the people, and goodly ways, whatever you are able to, for Allah-azwj will Recompense the good doer.
وَ آمُرُكَ أَنْ تَجْبِيَ خَرَاجَ الْأَرَضِينَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَ النَّصَفَةِ وَ لَا تَتَجَاوَزْ مَا تَقَدَّمْتُ بِهِ إِلَيْكَ وَ لَا تَدَعْ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً وَ لَا تَبْتَدِعْ فِيهِ أَمْراً ثُمَّ اقْسِمْهُ بَيْنَ أَهْلِهِ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ وَ الْعَدْلِ وَ اخْفِضْ لِرَعِيَّتِكَ جَنَاحَكَ وَ وَاسِ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي مَجْلِسِكَ وَ لْيَكُنِ الْقَرِيبُ وَ الْبَعِيدُ عِنْدَكَ فِي الْحَقِّ سَوَاءً
And I-asws instruct you that you obligate the land tax upon the truth, and the fairness, and not to overlook what is forwarded with to you, and do not leave anything from it, and do not innovate any matter in it. Then distribute it among its rightful ones with the fairness, and the justice, and lower your wings (be humble) to your citizens, and treat them equally in your gathering, and let the near one and the far one be the same regarding the rights.
وَ احْكُمْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِالْحَقِ وَ أَقِمْ فِيهِمْ بِالْقِسْطِ وَ لا تَتَّبِعِ الْهَوى وَ لَا تَخَفْ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ فَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا وَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ مُحْسِنُونَ
And judge between the people with the truth, and stand among them with the equity, and do not follow the whims, and do not fear any accusation of an accuser regarding Allah-azwj, Surely, Allah is with those who are pious and those who are good doers [16:128].
وَ قَدْ وَجَّهْتُ إِلَيْكَ كِتَاباً لِتَقْرَأَهُ عَلَى أَهْلِ مَمْلَكَتِكَ لِيَعْلَمُوا رَأْيَنَا فِيهِمْ وَ فِي جَمِيعِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَأَحْضِرْهُمْ وَ اقْرَأْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ خُذِ الْبَيْعَةَ لَنَا عَلَى الصَّغِيرِ وَ الْكَبِيرِ مِنْهُمْ إِنِ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى
And I-asws am sending a (second) letter to you for you to read it to the people of your kingdom for them to know our-asws view regarding them, and regarding the entirety of the Muslims. So, present them and read it out to them, and take the allegiance for us-asws upon the young and the old from them, if Allah-azwj the Exalted so Desires’.
فَلَمَّا وَصَلَ عَهْدُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِلَى حُذَيْفَةَ جَمَعَ النَّاسَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِالْكِتَابِ فَقُرِئَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ هُوَ
When the pact of Amir Al Momineen-asws arrived to Huzeyfa, he gathered the people and prayed Salat (leading) them, then he instructed with the letter and read it to them, and it is: –
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلِيٍّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى مَنْ بَلَغَهُ كِتَابِي هَذَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ فَإِنِّي أَحْمَدُ إِلَيْكُمُ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَ أَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ
In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. From a servant of Allah-azwj Ali Amir Al-Momineen-asws to the one from the Muslims whom this letter of mine-asws reaches. Greetings be upon you all! I-asws am praising to you – Allah-azwj Who there is no god except He-azwj, and I-asws ask Him-azwj to Send Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws.
فَأَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى اخْتَارَ الْإِسْلَامَ دِيناً لِنَفْسِهِ وَ مَلَائِكَتِهِ وَ رُسُلِهِ وَ إِحْكَاماً لِصُنْعِهِ وَ حُسْنِ تَدْبِيرِهِ وَ نَظَراً مِنْهُ لِعِبَادِهِ وَ خَصَّ مِنْهُ مَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ مُحَمَّداً ص
As for after, verily Allah-azwj Chose Al Islam as a Religion for Himself-azwj, and His-azwj Angels, and His-azwj Rasools-as, and Judgments to be carried out, and goodness of its arrangement, and a warning from Him-azwj to His-azwj servants, and a Specialisation from Him-azwj to the ones from His-azwj creatures He-azwj Loves, so He-azwj Sent Muhammad-saww to them.
فَعَلَّمَهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَ الْحِكْمَةَ إِكْرَاماً وَ تَفَضُّلًا لِهَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ وَ أَدَّبَهُمْ لِكَيْ يَهْتَدُوا وَ جَمَعَهُمْ لِئَلَّا يَتَفَرَّقُوا وَ فَقَّهَهُمْ لِئَلَّا يَجُورُوا فَلَمَّا قَضَى مَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَضَى إِلَى رَحْمَةِ رَبِّهِ حَمِيداً مَحْمُوداً
He-saww taught them the Book and the wisdom as a prestige and preference for this community, and educated them so they would be guided, and united them lest they separate, and made them understand lest they become tyrannical. When he-saww had fulfilled what was upon him-saww from that, he-saww passed away to the Mercy of his-saww Lord-azwj, praising, praised.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ بَعْضَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَقَامُوا بَعْدَهُ رَجُلَيْنِ رَضُوا بِهَدْيِهِمَا وَ سِيرَتِهِمَا قَامَا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ تَوَفَّاهُمَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثُمَّ وَلَّوْا بَعْدَهُمَا الثَّالِثَ فَأَحْدَثَ أَحْدَاثاً وَ وَجَدَتِ الْأُمَّةُ عَلَيْهِ فِعَالًا فَاتَّفَقُوا عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ نَقَمُوا مِنْهُ فَغَيَّرُوا
Then some Muslims established two men after him-saww, being pleased with their guidance and their ways. They stayed for as long as Allah-azwj Desired, then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic expired them. Then they made the third as a ruler after the two, and he innovated (many more) innovations, and the community found effectiveness upon him, and they harmonised upon him. Then they were resentful from him, and they changed.
ثُمَّ جَاءُونِي كَتَتَابُعِ الْخَيْلِ فَبَايَعُونِي فَأَنَا أَسْتَهْدِي اللَّهَ بِهُدَاهُ وَ أَسْتَعِينُهُ عَلَى التَّقْوَى أَلَا وَ إِنَّ لَكُمْ عَلَيْنَا الْعَمَلَ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ وَ الْقِيَامَ بِحَقِّهِ وَ إِحْيَاءَ سُنَّتِهِ
Then they came to me-asws like followers of the horse, and pledged allegiance to me. I-asws sought Guidance of Allah-azwj with His-azwj Guidance and sought His-azwj Assistance upon the piety. Indeed! And for you all, upon us-asws, is the acting with the Book of Allah-azwj and Sunnah of His-azwj Prophet-saww, and the standing with his-saww rights, and revive his-saww Sunnah.
وَ النُّصْحَ لَكُمْ بِالْمَغِيبِ وَ الْمَشْهَدِ وَ بِاللَّهِ نَسْتَعِينُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ هُوَ حَسْبُنَا وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ وَ قَدْ وَلَّيْتُ أُمُورَكُمْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنَ الْيَمَانِ وَ هُوَ مِمَّنْ أَرْتَضِي بهداه [بِهَدْيِهِ] وَ أَرْجُو صَلَاحَهُ وَ قَدْ أَمَرْتُهُ بِالْإِحْسَانِ إِلَى مُحْسِنِكُمْ وَ الشِّدَّةِ عَلَى مُرِيبِكُمْ وَ الرِّفْقِ بِجَمِيعِكُمْ
And the good advice to you all, the absentee and the one present, and by Allah-azwj we-asws are Assisted upon that, and He-azwj Suffices us-asws and is the best of the guarantors; and I-asws have made Huzeyfa Bin Al-Yaman to be in-charge of your affairs, and he is from the ones I-asws am pleased with his guidance and I-asws am hopeful of his righteousness, and I-asws have instructed him with the goodness to the good doer, and the harshness of your doubtful ones, and the kindness with the entirety of you.
أَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ لَنَا وَ لَكُمْ حُسْنَ الْخِيَرَةِ وَ الْإِحْسَانَ وَ رَحْمَتَهُ الْوَاسِعَةَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ
I-asws ask Allah-azwj for us-asws and for you all, the good choice and the good deeds, and His-azwj extensive Mercy in the world and the Hereafter. And the greetings be upon you, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنِ حُذَيْفَةَ صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَ آلِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَحْيَا الْحَقَّ وَ أَمَاتَ الْبَاطِلَ وَ جَاءَ بِالْعَدْلِ وَ أَدْحَضَ الْجَوْرَ وَ كَبَتَ الظَّالِمِينَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then Huzeyfa ascended the pulpit and he praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj and sent Salawat upon the Prophet-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws, then said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Revived the truth and Killed the falsehood, and Came with the justice and Demolished the tyranny, and Suppressed the oppressors.
أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَقّاً حَقّاً وَ خَيْرُ مَنْ نَعْلَمُهُ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّنَا مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالنَّاسِ وَ أَحَقُّهُمْ بِالْأَمْرِ وَ أَقْرَبُهُمْ إِلَى الصِّدْقِ وَ أَرْشَدُهُمْ إِلَى الْعَدْلِ وَ أَهْدَاهُمْ سَبِيلًا وَ أَدْنَاهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَسِيلَةً وَ أَمَسَّهُمْ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص رَحِماً أَنِيبُوا إِلَى طَاعَةِ
O you people! But rather, your Guardian is Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww and Amir Al-Momineen-asws, truly, truly, and good is the one who knows him-asws after our Prophet-saww Muhammad-saww, Rasool-Allah-saww, and is the foremost of the people with the people, and most rightful of them with the common-man, and the closest of them to the truthfulness, and most guiding of them to the justice, and guiding them to the way, and the closest of them to Allah-azwj as an intermediary, and their most touching of them with Rasool-Allah-saww in mercy, the most turning to obedience.
أَوَّلِ النَّاسِ سِلْماً وَ أَكْثَرِهِمْ عِلْماً وَ أَقْصَدِهِمْ طَرِيقاً وَ أَسْبَقِهِمْ إِيمَاناً وَ أَحْسَنِهِمْ يَقِيناً وَ أَكْثَرِهِمْ مَعْرُوفاً وَ أَقْدَمِهِمْ جِهَاداً وَ أَعَزِّهِمْ مَقَاماً أَخِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ ابْنِ عَمِّهِ وَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ زَوْجِ الزَّهْرَاءِ الْبَتُولِ سَيِّدَةِ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ
The first of the people in peace, and the most abundant of them in knowledge, and the most moderate of them in ways, and most preceding of them in Eman, and best of them in certainty, and most abundant of them in acts of kindness, and most advanced of them in Jihaad, and most honourable of them in position, brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww and son-asws of his-saww uncle-as, and father-asws of Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and husband of (Syeda) Al-Zahra-asws the chaste, chieftess of the women of the worlds.
فَقُومُوا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ فَبَايِعُوا عَلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ ص فَإِنَّ لِلَّهِ فِي ذَلِكَ رِضًى وَ لَكُمْ مَقْنَعٌ وَ صَلَاحٌ وَ السَّلَامُ
Arise, O people, and pledge allegiance upon the Book of Allah-azwj and Sunnah of His-azwj Prophet-saww, for there is Pleasure of Allah-azwj in that, and for you would be a covering (protection), and correctness, and the peace’.
فَقَامَ النَّاسُ بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ فَبَايَعُوا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَحْسَنَ بَيْعَةٍ وَ أَجْمَعَهَا فَلَمَّا اسْتَتَمَّتِ الْبَيْعَةُ قَامَ إِلَيْهِ فَتًى مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ الْعَجَمِ وَ وُلَاةِ الْأَنْصَارِ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ التَّيِّهَانِ أخو أبو [أَخِي أَبِي] الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ التَّيِّهَانِ يُقَالُ لَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مُتَقَلِّداً سَيْفاً فَنَادَاهُ مِنْ أَقْصَى النَّاسِ أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ إِنَّا سَمِعْنَاكَ تَقُولُ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَقّاً حَقّاً تَعْرِيضاً بِمَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الْخُلَفَاءِ
The people stood up in their entirety and they pledged allegiance to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, a goodly allegiance, and were united. When the allegiance was completed, there stood up to him a youth from the sons of non-Arabs and rulers of the helpers of Muhammad Bin Umara Bin Al-Tayhan, brother of Abu Al-Haysam Bin Al-Tayhan, called Muslim, collaring a sword, and called out from the ends of the people, ‘O you commander! I heard you saying, ‘But rather your Guardian is Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww and Amir Al-Momineen-asws, truly, truly’, turning away from the ones from the caliphs who were before him-asws.
أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَكُونُوا أُمَرَاءَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَقّاً فَعَرِّفْنَا ذَلِكَ أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ وَ لَا تَكْتُمْنَا فَإِنَّكَ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ وَ عَايَنَ وَ نَحْنُ مُقَلِّدُون ذَلِكَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ وَ اللَّهُ شَاهِدٌ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا تَأْتُونَ بِهِ مِنَ النَّصِيحَةِ لِأُمَّتِكُمْ وَ صِدْقِ الْخَبَرِ عَنْ نَبِيِّكُمْ ص
They did not happen to be commands of the Momineen truly, so make us recognise that, O commander, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, and do not conceal from us, for you are from the one who attended and saw (Rasool-Allah-saww), and we are followers of that. By Allah-azwj! Their necks are witness upon you regarding what advice you are coming with for your community, and truthfulness from your Prophet-saww’.
فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ أَيُّهَا الرَّجُلُ أَمَّا إِذَا سَأَلْتَ وَ فَحَصْتَ هَكَذَا فَاسْمَعْ وَ افْهَمْ مَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِهِ أَمَّا مَنْ تَقَدَّمَ مِنَ الْخُلَفَاءِ قَبْلَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع مِمَّنْ تَسَمَّى أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَإِنَّهُمْ تَسَمَّوْا بِذَلِكَ فَسَمَّاهُمُ النَّاسُ بِذَلِكَ وَ أَمَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَإِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع سَمَّاهُ بِهَذَا الِاسْمِ عَنِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ شَهِدَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص- عَنْ سَلَامِ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع لَهُ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ كَانَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَدْعُونَهُ فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Huzeyfa said, ‘O you man! But, when you have asked and examined like this, then listen and understand, I shall inform you with it. As for the ones from the caliphs who preceded before Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, from the ones named as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, they were named with that (because) the people named them with that, and as for Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, Jibraeel-as named him-asws with this name, from Allah-azwj the Exalted, and Rasool-Allah-saww testified for him-asws, from the greeting by Jibraeel-as to him-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, and the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww used to call him-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’ during the lifetime of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
قَالَ الْفَتَى خَبِّرْنَا كَيْفَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ
The youth said, ‘Inform us how that happened, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you’.
قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ كَانُوا يَدْخُلُونَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَبْلَ الْحِجَابِ إِذَا شَاءُوا فَنَهَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يَدْخُلَ أَحَدٌ إِلَيْهِ وَ عِنْدَهُ دِحْيَةُ بْنُ خَلِيفَةَ الْكَلْبِيُّ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُرَاسِلُ قيصرا [قَيْصَرَ] مَلِكَ الرُّومِ وَ بَنِي حَنِيفَةَ وَ مُلُوكَ بَنِي غَسَّانَ عَلَى يَدِهِ وَ كَانَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع يَهْبِطُ عَلَى صُورَتِهِ وَ لِذَلِكَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُ دِحْيَةُ
Huzeyfa said, ‘The people were entering to see Rasool-Allah-saww before the veiling whenever they so desired to, so Rasool-Allah-saww forbade them, any of them to enter to see him-saww, and in his-saww presence was Dahiya Bin Khalifa Al-Kalby (Jibraeel-as), and Rasool-Allah-saww was sending letters to Caesar king of Rome, and clan of Haneefa, and kings of clan of Gassan, upon his hand, and it was Jibraeel-as who had descended upon his image, and for that (reason) Rasool-Allah-saww prohibited the Muslims to enter to see him-saww whenever Dahiya was with him-saww’.
قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ وَ إِنِّي أَقْبَلْتُ يَوْماً لِبَعْضِ أُمُورِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مُهَجِّراً رَجَاءَ أَنْ أَلْقَاهُ خَالِياً فَلَمَّا صِرْتُ بِالْبَابِ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِالشَّمْلَةِ قَدْ سُدِلَتْ عَلَى الْبَابِ فَرَفَعْتُهَا وَ هَمَمْتُ بِالدُّخُولِ وَ كَذَلِكَ كُنَّا نَصْنَعُ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِدِحْيَةَ قَاعِدٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ النَّبِيُّ نَائِمٌ وَ رَأْسُهُ فِي حَجْرِ دِحْيَةَ
Huzeyfa said, ‘And one day I came to Rasool-Allah-saww for one of my matters, hoping that I would meet him-saww being alone. When I came to the door, there I was with the covering having had covered upon the door. I raised it and thought of entering, and like that is what we used to do, and there was Dahiya seated in the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww, and the Prophet-saww was sleeping and his-saww head was in a lap of Dahiya.
فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ انْصَرَفْتُ فَلَقِيَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْيَمَانِ مِنْ أَيْنَ أَقْبَلْتَ قُلْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ وَ مَا ذَا صَنَعْتَ عِنْدَهُ قُلْتُ أَرَدْتُ الدُّخُولَ عَلَيْهِ فِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَذَكَرْتُ الْأَمْرَ الَّذِي جِئْتُ لَهُ فَلَمْ يَتَهَيَّأْ لِي ذَلِكَ قَالَ وَ لِمَ قُلْتُ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ دِحْيَةُ الْكَلْبِيُّ
When I saw him, I left. Then, Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws met me in one of the streets. He-asws said: ‘O son of Al-Yaman! From where?’ I turned saying, ‘From the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww’. He-asws said: ‘And what is you done in his-saww presence’. I said, ‘I wanted to enter to see him-saww regarding such and such to mentioned the matter which I had come for to him-saww, but that was not appropriate for me’. He-asws said: ‘And why?’ I said, ‘Dahiya Al-Kalby was with him-saww’.
وَ سَأَلْتُ عَلِيّاً ع مَعُونَتِي عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَارْجِعْ مَعِي فَرَجَعْتُ مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا صِرْنَا إِلَى بَابِ بالدار [الدَّارِ] جَلَسْتُ بِالْبَابِ وَ رَفَعَ عَلِيٌّ الشَّمْلَةَ وَ دَخَلَهُ وَ سَلَّمَ فَسَمِعْتُ دِحْيَةَ يَقُولُ وَ عَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ
And I asked Ali-asws to assist me upon (meeting) Rasool-Allah-saww regarding that. So he returned with me and I returned with him-asws. When we came to the door of the house, I sat at the door and Ali-asws raised the covering and entered, and greeted. I heard Dahiya saying, ‘And upon you-asws be the greetings, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اجْلِسْ فَخُذْ رَأْسَ أَخِيكَ وَ ابْنِ عَمِّكِ مِنْ حَجْرِي فَأَنْتَ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ فَجَلَسَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ أَخَذَ رَأْسَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَجَعَلَهُ فِي حَجْرِهِ وَ خَرَجَ دِحْيَةُ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ادْخُلْ يَا حُذَيْفَةُ فَدَخَلْتُ وَ جَلَسْتُ
Then he said, ‘Be seated and take the head of your-asws brother-saww and son-saww of your-asws uncle-asws from my lap, for you-asws are foremost of the people with it’. Ali-asws sat down and held the head of Rasool-Allah-saww and made it to be in his-asws lap, and Dahiya went out from the house. Ali-asws said: ‘Enter, O Huzeyfa!’ I entered and sat down.
فَمَا كَانَ بِأَسْرَعَ أَنِ انْتَبَهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَضَحِكَ فِي وَجْهِ عَلِيٍّ ع ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مِنْ حَجْرِ مَنْ أَخَذْتَ رَأْسِي فَقَالَ مِنْ حَجْرِ دِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَمَا قُلْتَ لَهُ حِينَ دَخَلْتَ وَ مَا قَالَ لَكَ
Rasool-Allah-saww quickly woke up and chuckled in the face of Ali-asws, then said: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! From whose lap did you-asws take my-saww head?’ He-asws said: ‘From the lap of Dahiyat Al-Kalby’. He-saww said: ‘That is Jibraeel-as, so what did you-asws say to him-as when you-asws entered, and what did he-as say to you-asws?’
قَالَ دَخَلْتُ فَسَلَّمْتُ فَقَالَ لِي وَ عَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا عَلِيُّ سَلَّمَتْ عَلَيْكَ مَلَائِكَةُ اللَّهِ وَ سُكَّانُ سَمَاوَاتِهِ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ عَلَيْكَ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ
He-asws said: ‘I-asws entered and greeted. He-as said to me-asws: ‘The greetings be to you-asws, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! An Angel of Allah-azwj and dweller of His-azwj skies greeted unto you-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, from before the people of the earth could greet (as such) unto you-asws.
يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ قَدْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ عَنْ رَبِّي عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ دُخُولِكَ أَنْ أَفْرِضَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَ أَنَا فَاعِلٌ ذَلِكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى
O Ali-asws! Jibraeel-as did that from a Command of Allah-azwj the Exalted and he-as has Revealed to me-saww from my-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic from before your entry that I-saww should obligate that upon the people, and I-saww shall be doing that, if Allah-azwj the Exalted so Desires’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى نَاحِيَةِ فَدَكَ فِي حَاجَةٍ فَلَبِثْتُ أَيَّاماً فَقَدِمْتُ فَوَجَدْتُ النَّاسَ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَمَرَ النَّاسَ أَنْ يُسَلِّمُوا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ أَنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ أَتَاهُ بِذَلِكَ عَنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقُلْتُ صَدَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَنَا قَدْ سَمِعْتُ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع يُسَلِّمُ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ حَدَّثْتُهُمُ الْحَدِيثَ
When it was the next morning, Rasool-Allah-saww sent me to around Fadak regarding a need. I waited a few days, and I proceeded and found the people narrating that Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered the people that they should be greeting unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, and that Jibraeel-as had come to him-saww with that from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. I said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww spoke the truth and I had heard Jibraeel-as greeting unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws’, and narrated the Hadeeth to them.
فَسَمِعَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَ أَنَا أُحَدِّثُ النَّاسَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ لِي أَنْتَ رَأَيْتَ جَبْرَئِيلَ وَ سَمِعْتَهُ اتَّقِ الْقَوْلَ فَقَدْ قُلْتَ قَوْلًا عَظِيماً أَوْ قَدْ خُولِطَ بِكَ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ أَنَا سَمِعْتُ ذَلِكَ وَ رَأَيْتُهُ فَأَرْغَمَ اللَّهُ أَنْفَ مَنْ رَغِمَ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتَ وَ سَمِعْتَ عَجَباً
Umar Bin Al-Khattab heard me and I was narrating to the people in the Masjid. He said to be, ‘You saw Jibraeel-as and heard him-saww? Fear the words, for you have said a grievous word, or there has been confusion with you’. I said, ‘Yes, I heard him-as and saw him-as. May Allah-azwj Rub the nose of one He-azwj Rubs’. He said, ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! You saw and heard a wonder’.
قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ وَ سَمِعَنِي بُرَيْدَةُ بْنُ الْحَصِيبِ الْأَسْلَمِيُ وَ أَنَا أُحَدِّثُ بِبَعْضِ مَا رَأَيْتُ وَ سَمِعْتُ فَقَالَ لِي وَ اللَّهِ يَا ابْنَ الْيَمَانِ لَقَدْ أَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالسَّلَامِ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قُلْتُ يَا بُرَيْدَةُ أَ كُنْتَ شَاهِداً ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ مِنْ أَوَّلِهِ إِلَى آخِرِهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ حَدِّثْنِي بِهِ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَإِنِّي كُنْتُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ غَائِباً
Huzeyfa said, ‘And Bureyda Bin Al-Haseeb Al-Aslami heard me and I was narrating with part of what I had seen and heard. He said, to me, ‘By Allah-azwj, O son of Al-Yaman! Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered them with the greeting unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’’. I said, ‘O Bureyda! Were you present on that day?’ He said, ‘Yes, from its beginning to its end’. I said to him, ‘Narrate to me with it, may Allah-azwj the Exalted have Mercy on you, for I was absent on that day’.
فَقَالَ بُرَيْدَةُ كُنْتُ أَنَا وَ عَمَّارٌ أَخِي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي نَخِيلِ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَسَلَّمَ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ ردنا [رَدَدْنَا] ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ يَا عَلِيُّ اجْلِسْ هُنَاكَ فَجَلَسَ
Bureyda said, ‘My brother Ammar and I were with Rasool-Allah-saww in a farm house of the clan of Najjar and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws entered. He-asws greeted and Rasool-Allah-saww returned the greetings, and we returned (as well). Then he-saww said to him-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Be seated over there’. He-asws sat down.
وَ دَخَلَ رِجَالٌ فَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالسَّلَامِ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَسَلَّمُوا وَ مَا كَادُوا ثُمَّ دَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ فَسَلَّمَا فَقَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص سَلِّمَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالا إِنَّ الْأَمْرَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
And some men entered, so Rasool-Allah-azwj instructed them with the greeting to Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’. They greeted, but they almost did not (out of grudges). Then Abu Bakr and Umar entered, and they greeted. Rasool-Allah-saww said to both of them: ‘Greet unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’’. They said, ‘Is the command from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww’. He-saww said: ‘Yes’.
ثُمَّ دَخَلَ طَلْحَةُ وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ فَسَلَّمَا فَقَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص سَلِّمَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالا أَمْرٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالا سَمِعْنا وَ أَطَعْنا
Then Talha and Sa’ad Bin Malik entered and they greeted. Rasool-Allah-saww said to them: ‘Greet unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’’. They said, ‘A command from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’. They said, ‘We hear and we obey’.
ثُمَّ دَخَلَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَسَلَّمَا فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامَ ثُمَّ قَالَ سَلِّمَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَسَلَّمَا وَ لَمْ يَقُولَا شَيْئاً ثُمَّ
Then Salman Al Farsi-ra and Abu Zarr Al-ghifari-ra entered. They-ra greeted and he-saww returned the greetings to them, then said: ‘Greet unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws’. They-ra greeted (Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws’ ), and did not say anything (without questioning and directly submitting to the orders of Rasool-Allah-saww).
دَخَلَ خُزَيْمَةُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ وَ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ التَّيِّهَانُ فَسَلَّمَا فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامَ ثُمَّ قَالَ سَلِّمَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَسَلَّمَا وَ لَمْ يَقُولَا شَيْئاً
Khuzeyman Bin Sabit and Abu Al-Haseym Al-Tayhan entered and they greeted. He-saww returned the greeting unto them, then said: ‘Greet unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’’. They greeted and did not say anything.
ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَمَّارٌ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ فَسَلَّمَا فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامَ وَ قَالَ سَلِّمَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَفَعَلَا وَ لَمْ يَقُولَا شَيْئاً
Then Ammar and Al-Miqdad-ra entered and greeted. He-saww returned the greeting unto them and said: ‘Greet unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’’. They did so and did not say anything.
ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عُثْمَانُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ فَسَلَّمَا فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامَ ثُمَّ قَالَ سَلِّمَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالا عَنِ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ
Then Usman and Abu Ubeyda entered and greeted. He-saww returned the greeted unto them, then said: ‘Greet unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’. They said, ‘From Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’.
ثُمَّ دَخَلَ فُلَانٌ وَ فُلَانٌ وَ عَدَّ جَمَاعَةً مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص سَلِّمُوا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَبَعْضٌ يُسَلِّمُ وَ لَا يَقُولُ شَيْئاً وَ بَعْضٌ يَقُولُ لِلنَّبِيِّ أَ عَنِ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ فَيَقُولُ نَعَمْ حَتَّى غَصَّ الْمَجْلِسُ بِأَهْلِهِ وَ امْتَلَأَتِ الْحُجْرَةُ وَ جَلَسَ بَعْضٌ عَلَى الْبَابِ وَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ وَ كَانُوا يَدْخُلُونَ فَيُسَلِّمُونَ وَ يَخْرُجُونَ
Then so and so, and so and so entered, and a number of a group from the Emigrants and the Helpers, (during) all that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Greet unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’’ Some of them greeted and did not say anything, and some said to the Prophet-saww: ‘Is it from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’, to the extent that the gathering filled up with its people, and the room filled up, and some of them sat at the door, and in the street, and they kept entering and greeting and exiting.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي وَ لِأَخِي قُمْ يَا بُرَيْدَةُ أَنْتَ وَ أَخُوكَ فَسَلِّمَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقُمْنَا وَ سَلَّمْنَا ثُمَّ عُدْنَا إِلَى مَوَاضِعِنَا
Then he-saww said to me and my brother: ‘Arise, you and your brother, and greet unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’’. We arose and greeted, then we returned to our places.
قَالَ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَيْهِمْ جَمِيعاً فَقَالَ اسْمَعُوا وَ عُوا إِنِّي أَمَرْتُكُمْ أَنْ تُسَلِّمُوا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ إِنَّ رِجَالًا سَأَلُونِي أَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ أَمْرِ رَسُولِهِ مَا كَانَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ أَمْراً مِنْ تِلْقَاءِ نَفْسِهِ بَلْ بِوَحْيِ رَبِّهِ وَ أَمْرِهِ
He (Bureyda) said, ‘Then Rasool-Allah-saww faced towards them all and said: ‘Listen and retain! I-saww am ordering you all that you should be greeting unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, and that (some) men asked me-saww, ‘Is that from a Command of Allah-azwj and order of His-azwj Rasool-saww?’ It was not for Muhammad-saww that he-saww comes with any matter from himself-saww. But it is a Revelation from his-saww Lord-azwj and His-azwj Command.
أَ فَرَأَيْتُمْ وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَئِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ وَ نَقَضْتُمُوهُ لَتَكْفُرُنَّ وَ لَتُفَارِقُنَّ مَا بَعَثَنِي بِهِ رَبِّي فَمَنْ شاءَ فَلْيُؤْمِنْ وَ مَنْ شاءَ فَلْيَكْفُرْ
By the One-azwj in Whose Hand is my-saww soul! Don’t you see that if you were to break it, you will be disbelieving and separating from what my-saww Lord-azwj Sent me-saww with: So the one who so desires to, let him believe, and the one who so desires to, let him disbelieve’ [18:29].
قَالَ بُرَيْدَةُ فَلَمَّا خَرَجْنَا سَمِعْتُ بَعْضَ أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ أُمِرُوا بِالسَّلَامِ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِهِ وَ قَدِ الْتَفَتَ بِهِمَا طَائِفَةٌ مِنَ الْجُفَاةِ الْبِطَاءِ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ أَ مَا رَأَيْتَ مَا صَنَعَ مُحَمَّدٌ ص بِابْنِ عَمِّهِ مِنْ عُلُوِّ الْمَنْزِلَةِ وَ الْمَكَانِ وَ لَوْ يَسْتَطِيعُ وَ اللَّهِ لَجَعَلَهُ نَبِيّاً مِنْ بَعْدِهِ
Bureyda said, ‘When we went out, I heard one of them, those who had been ordered with the greeting unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, saying to his companion, and a party from the disloyal ones from Quraysh, having been delayed from Al-Islam, ‘Did you not see what Muhammad-saww has done with the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as, from a lofty status, and the position, and by Allah-azwj, if he-saww had the capacity, he-saww would have made him-asws a Prophet-as from after him-saww’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ صَاحِبُهُ أَمْسِكْ لَا يَكْبُرَنَّ عَلَيْكَ هَذَا الْأَمْرُ فَلَوْ أَنَّا فَقَدْنَا مُحَمَّداً لَكَانَ فِعْلُهُ هَذَا تَحْتَ أَقْدَامِنَا
His companion said to him, ‘Restrain! Do not let this matter be grievous upon you, for if we were to lose Muhammad-saww, this deed of his-saww would be under our feet’.
فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ وَ مَضَى بُرَيْدَةُ إِلَى بَعْضِ طُرُقِ الشَّامِ وَ رَجَعَ وَ قَدْ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ بَايَعَ النَّاسُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَأَقْبَلَ بُرَيْدَةُ وَ قَدْ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ وَ عُمَرُ دُونَهُ بِمِرْقَاةٍ فَنَادَاهُمَا مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ الْمَسْجِدِ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ يَا عُمَرُ قَالا وَ مَا لَكَ يَا بُرَيْدَةُ أَ جُنِنْتَ
Huzeyfa said, ‘And Bureyda went to one of the roads of Syria and returned, and Rasool-Allah-saww had passed away, and the people had pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr. Bureyda came and entered the Masjid and Abu Bakr was upon the pulpit, and Umar was below him by a step. He called out to them from a corner of the Masjid, ‘O Abu Bakr and O Umar!’ They said, ‘And what is the matter with you, O Bureyda! Have you become mad?’
فَقَالَ لَهُمَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا جُنِنْتُ وَ لَكِنْ أَيْنَ سَلَامُكُمَا بِالْأَمْسِ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا بُرَيْدَةُ الْأَمْرُ يَحْدُثُ بَعْدَهُ الْأَمْرُ وَ إِنَّكَ غِبْتَ وَ شَهِدْنَا وَ الشَّاهِدُ يَرَى مَا لَا يَرَى الْغَائِبُ
He said to them, ‘By Allah-azwj! I have not gone mad, but where is your greeting yesterday unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’?’ Abu Bakr said to him, ‘O Bureyda! The matter has brought about a new matter, and you were absent, and we were present, and the one present sees what the absentee cannot see’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمَا رَأَيْتُمَا مَا لَمْ يَرَهُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ وَفَى لَكَ صَاحِبُكَ بِقَوْلِهِ لَوْ فَقَدْنَا مُحَمَّداً لَكَانَ قَوْلُهُ هَذَا تَحْتَ أَقْدَامِنَا أَلَا إِنَّ الْمَدِينَةَ حَرَامٌ عَلَيَّ أَنْ أَسْكُنَهَا أَبَداً حَتَّى أَمُوتَ
He said to them, ‘You two saw what Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww did not see? And your companion has been loyal to his words, ‘If we were to lose Muhammad-saww, his-saww words would be under our feet’. Indeed! Al-Medina is prohibited unto me that I dwell in it, ever, until I die!’
فَخَرَجَ بُرَيْدَةُ بِأَهْلِهِ وَ وُلْدِهِ فَنَزَلَ بَيْنَ قَوْمِهِ بَنِي أَسْلَمَ فَكَانَ يَطْلُعُ فِي الْوَقْتِ دُونَ الْوَقْتِ فَلَمَّا أَفْضَى الْأَمْرُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع سَارَ إِلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ مَعَهُ حَتَّى قَدِمَ الْعِرَاقَ فَلَمَّا أُصِيبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع صَارَ إِلَى خُرَاسَانَ فَنَزَلَهَا وَ لَبِثَ هُنَاكَ إِلَى أَنْ مَاتَ بِرَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى
Bureyda went out with his wife and his children and ledged between his people, the clan of Aslam, and he used to emerge during the time besides the time (occasionally). When the command passed to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, he came to him-asws and was with him-asws until he-asws proceeded to Al-Iraq. When Amir Al-Momineen-asws was struck, he went to Khurasan and dwelled in it, and stayed over there until he died, by the Mercy of Allah-azwj the Exalted’.
قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ فَهَذَا نَبَأُ مَا سَأَلْتَنِي عَنْهُ فَقَالَ الْفَتَى لَا جَزَى اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ شَهِدُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ سَمِعُوهُ يَقُولُ هَذَا القَوْلَ فِي عَلِيٍّ خَيْراً فَقَدْ خَانُوا اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ أَزَالُوا الْأَمْرَ عَنْ وَصِيِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَقَرُّوهُ فِيمَنْ لَمْ يَرَهُ اللَّهُ وَ لَا رَسُولُهُ لِذَلِكَ أَهْلًا لَا جَرَمَ وَ اللَّهِ لَنْ يُفْلِحُوا بَعْدَهَا أَبَداً
Huzeyfa said, ‘So this is the news which you had asked me about’. The youth said, ‘May Allah-azwj not Recompense goodly those who had witnessed Rasool-Allah-saww saying this word regarding Ali-asws, for they have betrayed Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and they declined the command from the successor-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, and acknowledged it out among the ones Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww did not see him (acknowledge) to that welcomingly. There is no doubt Allah-azwj will never let them succeed after it, ever!’
فَنَزَلَ حُذَيْفَةُ مِنْ مِنْبَرِهِ فَقَالَ يَا أَخَا الْأَنْصَارِ إِنَّ الْأَمْرَ كَانَ أَعْظَمَ مِمَّا تَظُنُّ أَنَّهُ عَزَبَ وَ اللَّهِ الْبَصَرُ وَ ذَهَبَ الْيَقِينُ وَ كَثُرَ الْمُخَالِفُ وَ قَلَّ النَّاصِرُ لِأَهْلِ الْحَقِّ
Huzeyfa descended from his pulpit and said, ‘O brother of the Ansaar! The matter is greater than what you are thinking of. By Allah-azwj! The insight is distant, and the conviction is gone, and the adversaries are numerous, and the helpers of the people of truth are few’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْفَتَى فَهَلَّا انْتَضَيْتُمْ أَسْيَافَكُمْ وَ وَضَعْتُمُوهَا عَلَى رِقَابِكُمْ وَ ضَرَبْتُمْ بِهَا الزَّائِلِينَ عَنِ الْحَقِّ قُدُماً قُدُماً حَتَّى تَمُوتُوا أَوْ تُدْرِكُوا الْأَمْرَ الَّذِي تُحِبُّونَهُ مِنْ طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ طَاعَةِ رَسُولِهِ
The youth said to him, ‘So unsheathe your swords and place these upon your necks and strike with these the decliners from the truth, moving forward and forwards, until either you die or you come across the matter which you love, from obedience of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and obedience of His-azwj Rasool-saww’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَيُّهَا الْفَتَى إِنَّهُ أُخِذَ وَ اللَّهِ بِأَسْمَاعِنَا وَ أَبْصَارِنَا وَ كَرِهْنَا الْمَوْتَ وَ زُيِّنَتْ عِنْدَنَا الدُّنْيَا وَ سَبَقَ عِلْمُ اللَّهِ بِإِمْرَةِ الظَّالِمِينَ وَ نَحْنُ نَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ التَّغَمُّدَ لِذُنُوبِنَا وَ الْعِصْمَةَ فِيمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ آجِلِنَا فَإِنَّهُ مَالِكٌ رَحِيمٌ
He said to him, ‘O you youth! By Allah-azwj, surely it has seized our names and our sights, and we dislike the death and the world is adorned with us, and the emirate of the oppressors has preceded in the Knowledge of Allah-azwj, and we ask Allah-azwj of the covering of our sins and the protection during whatever remains of our lives, for He-azwj is a Merciful King’.
ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ حُذَيْفَةُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ وَ تَفَرَّقَ النَّاسُ
Then Huzeyfa left to go to his house, and the people dispersed.
قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ عِنْدَ حُذَيْفَةَ أَعُودُهُ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ وَ قَدْ كَانَ يَوْمَ قَدِمَتْ فِيهِ مِنَ الْكُوفَةِ مِنْ قَبْلِ قُدُومِ عَلِيٍّ ع إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ فَبَيْنَمَا أَنَا عِنْدَهُ إِذْ جَاءَ الْفَتَى الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَدَخَلَ عَلَى حُذَيْفَةَ فَرَحَّبَ بِهِ وَ أَدْنَاهُ وَ قَرَّبَهُ مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ وَ خَرَجَ مَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَ حُذَيْفَةَ مِنْ عُوَّادِهِ
Abdullah Bin Salama said, ‘One day I was in the presence of Huzeyfa, consoling him in his illness in which he died, and it was the day in which I had arrived from Al-Kufa, from before the arrival of Ali-asws to Al-Iraq. While I was with him when the Ansari youth came and entered to see Huzeyfa. He was welcoming with him, and drew him closer from his seat, and the ones who were with Huzeyfa, from his consolers, went out.
وَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْفَتَى فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ سَمِعْتُكَ يَوْماً تُحَدِّثُ عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْحَصِيبِ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ بَعْضَ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ أَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُسَلِّمَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِهِ أَ مَا رَأَيْتَ القوم [الْيَوْمَ] مَا صَنَعَ مُحَمَّدٌ بِابْنِ عَمِّهِ مِنَ التَّشْرِيفِ وَ عُلُوِّ الْمَنْزِلَةِ حَتَّى لَوْ قَدَرَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَهُ نَبِيّاً لَفَعَلَ
And the youth turned to him and said, ‘One day I heard you narrating from Bureyda Bin Al-Haseeb Al-Aslami that he had heard one of the people, those whom Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered them to greet unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, saying to his companion, ‘Did you not see today what Muhammad-saww did with the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as, and lofty status, until if he-saww had been able to make him-asws a Prophet-saww, he-saww would have done so’.
فَأَجَابَهُ صَاحِبُهُ فَقَالَ لَا يَكْبُرَنَّ عَلَيْكَ فَلَوْ فَقَدْنَا مُحَمَّداً لَكَانَ قَوْلُهُ تَحْتَ أَقْدَامِنَا وَ قَدْ ظَنَنْتُ نِدَاءَ بُرَيْدَةَ لَهُمَا وَ هُمَا عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ أَنَّهُمَا صَاحِبَا الْقَوْلِ
His companion replied said, ‘Do not let it be grievous upon you. If we were to lose Muhammad-saww, his-saww words would be under our feet’, and I thought that the call of Bureyda to them both, while they were upon the pulpit, these two (Abu Bakr and Umar) were the speakers of the words’.
قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ أَجَلْ الْقَائِلُ عُمَرُ وَ الْمُجِيبُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ الْفَتَى إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ هَلَكَ وَ اللَّهِ الْقَوْمُ وَ بَطَلَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ
Huzeyfa said, ‘Yes, the speaker was Umar and the answerer was Abu Bakr’. The youth said, ‘We are from Allah-azwj and we are returning to Him-azwj! By Allah-azwj! The people are destroyed and their deeds are nullified’.
قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ وَ لَمْ يَزَلِ الْقَوْمُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الِارْتِدَادِ وَ مَا يَعْلَمُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ أَكْثَرُ قَالَ الْفَتَى قَدْ كُنْتُ أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَتَعَرَّفَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ مِنْ فِعْلِهِمْ وَ لَكِنِّي أَجِدُكَ مَرِيضاً وَ أَنَا أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَمَلَّكَ بِحَدِيثِي وَ مَسْأَلَتِي وَ قَامَ لِيَنْصَرِفَ
Huzeyfa said, ‘The people did not cease to be reneging upon that, and what Allah-azwj Knows from them is more’. The youth said, ‘I used to love to recognise this matter from their deeds, but I find you ill, and I dislike it to make you work by narrating to me and my questioning’, and he stood to leave.
فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ لَا بَلِ اجْلِسْ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي وَ تَلَقَّ مِنِّي حَدِيثَهُمْ وَ إِنْ كَرَبَنِي ذَلِكَ فَلَا أَحْسَبُنِي إِلَّا مُفَارِقَكُمْ إِنِّي لَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَغْتَرَّ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِمَا فِي النَّاسِ فَهَذَا مَا أَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ النَّصِيحَةِ لَكَ وَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مِنَ الطَّاعَةِ لَهُ وَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ ذِكْرِ مَنْزِلَتِهِ
Huzeyfa said, ‘No, but be seated, O son of my brother, and receive their narration from me, and even if that distresses me, so do not reckon me except separating from you. I do not like you to be deceived by both their status among the people, so this is what I am able upon from the advising to you, and from the acts of obedience to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and to Rasool-Allah-saww’, and mentioned his-asws status.
فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدِّثْنِي بِمَا عِنْدَكَ مِنْ أُمُورِهِمْ لِأَكُونَ عَلَى بَصِيرَةٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ إِذاً وَ اللَّهِ لَأُخْبِرَنَّكَ بِخَبَرٍ سَمِعْتُهُ وَ رَأَيْتُهُ وَ لَقَدْ وَ اللَّهِ دَلَّنَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ مِنْ فِعْلِهِمْ عَلَى أَنَّهُمْ وَ اللَّهِ مَا آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَ لَا بِرَسُولِهِ طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ
He said, ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! Narrate to me with what is with you of their matters so I can happen to be upon an insight from that’. Huzeyfa said, ‘Then, by Allah-azwj, I shall inform you with a Hadeeth I have heard and seen, and by Allah-azwj, it has been evidenced upon by their deeds upon that they, by Allah-azwj, they neither believed in Allah-azwj nor in His-azwj Rasool-saww, even for the blink of an eye.
وَ أُخْبِرُكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَمَرَ رَسُولَهُ فِي سَنَةِ عَشْرٍ مِنْ مُهَاجَرَتِهِ مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ أَنْ يَحُجَّ هُوَ وَ يَحُجَّ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ فَأَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ بِذَلِكَ وَ أَذِّنْ فِي النَّاسِ بِالْحَجِّ يَأْتُوكَ رِجالًا وَ عَلى كُلِّ ضامِرٍ يَأْتِينَ مِنْ كُلِّ فَجٍّ عَمِيقٍ
And I hereby inform you that Allah-azwj the Exalted Commanded His-azwj Rasool-saww in the year ten from the Emigration from Makkah to Al-Medina, that he-saww goes out to Hajj and the people be with him-saww. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-saww with that: And proclaim among the people with the (performance of) Hajj. They would come to you on foot, and upon every lean camel, coming from every deep ravine [22:27].
فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْمُؤَذِّنِينَ فَأَذَّنُوا فِي أَهْلِ السَّافِلِ وَ الْعَالِيَةِ أَلَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ عَزَمَ عَلَى الْحَجِّ فِي عَامِهِ هَذَا لِيُفَهِّمَ النَّاسَ حَجَّهُمْ وَ يُعَلِّمَهُمْ مَنَاسِكَهُمْ فَيَكُونَ سُنَّةً لَهُمْ إِلَى آخِرِ الدَّهْرِ
Rasool-Allah-saww ordered the pro-claimers, so they proclaimed among the people of the lower (valleys) and the higher (mountains), ‘Indeed! Rasool-Allah-saww has determine upon (performing) the Hajj during this season of his-saww to let the people understand (performance of) their Hajj, and to teach them their rituals, so it would become a Sunnah for them up to the end of times’.
قَالَ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ مِمَّنْ دَخَلَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ إِلَّا حَجَّ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لِسَنَةِ عَشْرٍ لِيَشْهَدُوا مَنافِعَ لَهُمْ وَ يُعَلِّمَهُمْ حَجَّهُمْ وَ يُعَرِّفَهُمْ مَنَاسِكَهُمْ وَ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالنَّاسِ وَ خَرَجَ بِنِسَائِهِ مَعَهُ وَ هِيَ حَجَّةُ الْوَدَاعِ
He said, ‘There did not remain anyone from the ones who had entered into Al-Islam, except he performed Hajj along with Rasool-Allah-saww in the year ten, So they would witness the benefits for them [22:28], and know their Hajj and recognise their rituals, and Rasool-Allah-saww went out with the people, and he-saww went out with his-saww womenfolk with him-saww, and it is the farewell Hajj.
فَلَمَّا اسْتَتَمَّ حَجُّهُمْ وَ قَضَوْا مَنَاسِكَهُمْ وَ عَرَّفَ النَّاسَ جَمِيعَ مَا يَحْتَاجُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ أَعْلَمَهُمْ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَقَامَ لَهُمْ مِلَّةَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع وَ قَدْ أَزَالَ عَنْهُمْ جَمِيعَ مَا أَحْدَثَهُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بَعْدَهُ وَ رَدَّ الْحَجَرَ [الْحَجَ] إِلَى حَالَتِهِ الْأُولَى وَ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ فَأَقَامَ بِهَا يَوْماً وَاحِداً
When their Hajj was completed and they had fulfilled their rituals, and the people in their entirety recognised what they were needy to, and he-saww let them know that he-saww has established for them the Religion of Ibrahim-as, and the entirety of what the Polytheists had innovated after him-as, is (now) removed from them, and he-saww returned the (Black) Stone to its former state, and he-saww entered Makkah and stayed at it for one day.
فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع بِأَوَّلِ سُورَةِ الْعَنْكَبُوتِ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ اقْرَأْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ الم أَ حَسِبَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يُتْرَكُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا آمَنَّا وَ هُمْ لا يُفْتَنُونَ وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا وَ لَيَعْلَمَنَّ الْكاذِبِينَ أَمْ حَسِبَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ السَّيِّئاتِ أَنْ يَسْبِقُونا ساءَ ما يَحْكُمُونَ
Jibraeel-as descended with the beginning of Surah Ankabout. He-as said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Read: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. Alif Lam Meem [29:1] Do the people reckon that they will be left alone on saying, ‘We believe’, and they will not be Tried? [29:2] And We have Tested those from before them. So Allah will Make known those who are truthful and He will Make known the liars [29:3] Or do those who are doing the evil deeds reckon that they can outrun Us? Evil is what they are judging [29:4]’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ مَا هَذِهِ الْفِتْنَةُ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Jibraeel-as! And what is this Fitna (Trial)?’
فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ إِنِّي مَا أَرْسَلْتُ نَبِيّاً قَبْلَكَ إِلَّا أَمَرْتُهُ عِنْدَ انْقِضَاءِ أَجَلِهِ أَنْ يَسْتَخْلِفَ عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ مَنْ يَقُومُ مَقَامَهُ وَ يُحْيِي لَهُمْ سُنَّتَهُ وَ أَحْكَامَهُ
He-as said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Allah-azwj Conveys the greetings to you-saww and Says: “I-azwj did not Send any Prophet-as before you-saww except I-saww Commanded him-as during the termination of his-as term that he-saww should make a caliph to be in his-as community from after him-as, one who would stand in his-as place and revive his-as Sunnah for them, and his-saww rulings”.
فَالْمُطِيعُونَ لِلَّهِ فِيمَا يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ هُمُ الصَّادِقُونَ وَ الْمُخَالِفُونَ عَلَى أَمْرِهِ الْكَاذِبُونَ وَ قَدْ دَنَا يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَصِيرُكَ إِلَى رَبِّكَ وَ جَنَّتِهِ وَ هُوَ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ تَنْصِبَ لِأُمَّتِكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ تَعْهَدَ إِلَيْهِ
So the obedient ones to Allah-azwj in what Rasool-Allah-saww orders them with, they are the ratifiers, and the adversaries to his-saww orders are the beliers, and O Muhammad-saww, your-saww journey to your-saww Lord-azwj and His-azwj Paradise has drawn near, and He-azwj Commands you-saww to nominate for your-saww community from after you-saww, Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and pact to him-asws.
فَهُوَ الْخَلِيفَةُ الْقَائِمُ بِرَعِيَّتِكَ وَ أُمَّتِكَ إِنْ أَطَاعُوهُ وَ إِنْ عَصَوْهُ وَ سَيَفْعَلُونَ ذَلِكَ وَ هِيَ الْفِتْنَةُ الَّتِي تَلَوْتُ الْآيَ فِيهَا
He-asws is the caliph, the one standing with your-saww citizens and your-saww community, if they obey him-asws, and if they disobey him-asws, and they will be doing that, and it is the Fitna (Trial) regarding that you-saww have recited the Verse.
وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ تُعَلِّمَهُ جَمِيعَ مَا عَلَّمَكَ وَ تَسْتَحْفِظَهُ جَمِيعَ مَا حَفَّظَكَ وَ اسْتَوْدَعَكَ فَإِنَّهُ الْأَمِينُ الْمُؤْتَمَنُ
And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commands you that you-saww let him-asws know of the entirety of what you-saww have been Taught, and he-asws should preserve the entirety of what you-saww preserved and been entrusted with, for he-asws is the trustworthy, the trustee.
يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنِّي اخْتَرْتُكَ مِنْ عِبَادِي نَبِيّاً وَ اخْتَرْتُهُ لَكَ وَصِيّاً
O Muhammad-saww! I-azwj Chose you-saww from My-azwj servants as a Prophet-saww, and Chose him-asws for you-saww as a successor-asws!”
قَالَ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً ع يَوْماً فَخَلَا بِهِ يَوْمَ ذَلِكَ وَ لَيْلَتَهُ وَ اسْتَوْدَعَهُ الْعِلْمَ وَ الْحِكْمَةَ الَّتِي آتَاهُ إِيَّاهَا وَ عَرَّفَهُ مَا قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي يَوْمِ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ طَالَتِ اسْتِخْلَاؤُكَ بِعَلِيٍّ ع مُنْذُ الْيَوْمِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww called Ali-asws one day and isolated with him-asws that day and its night, and entrusted him-asws the knowledge and the wisdom which He-azwj had Given him-saww, and made him-asws understand what Jibraeel-as had said; and that was during the day of Ayesha daughter of Abu bakr. She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Your-saww isolation with Ali-asws is prolonged since today’.
قَالَ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَتْ لِمَ تُعْرِضُ عَنِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِأَمْرٍ لَعَلَّهُ يَكُونُ لِي صَلَاحاً
He (the narrator) said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww turned away from her. She said, ‘Why are you-saww turning away from me, O Rasool-Allah-saww, perhaps it is a matter which happens to be correct for me’.
فَقَالَ صَدَقْتِ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَأَمْرٌ صَلَاحٌ لِمَنْ أَسْعَدَهُ اللَّهُ بِقَبُولِهِ وَ الْإِيمَانِ بِهِ وَ قَدْ أُمِرْتُ بِدُعَاءِ النَّاسِ جَمِيعاً إِلَيْهِ وَ سَتَعْلَمِينَ ذَلِكَ إِذَا أَنَا قُمْتُ بِهِ فِي النَّاسِ
He-saww said: ‘You speak the truth, and I-saww swear by Allah-azwj that surely it is a matter correct for the one whom Allah-azwj Assists with its acceptance and the belief with it, and I-saww have ordered with calling the people in their entirety to it, and you will soon be knowing that, when I-saww stand with it among the people’.
قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ لِمَ لَا تُخْبِرُنِي بِهِ الْآنَ لِأَتَقَدَّمَ بِالْعَمَلِ بِهِ وَ الْأَخْذِ بِمَا فِيهِ الصَّلَاحُ
She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And why don’t you-saww inform me with it now, so I can proceed with acting with it, and the taking that whatever is in it of the correctness?’
قَالَ سَأُخْبِرُكِ بِهِ فَاحْفَظِيهِ إِلَى أَنْ أُومَرَ بِالْقِيَامِ بِهِ فِي النَّاسِ جَمِيعاً فَإِنَّكِ إِنْ حَفِظْتِيهِ حَفِظَكِ اللَّهُ فِي الْعَاجِلَةِ وَ الْآجِلَةِ جَمِيعاً وَ كَانَتْ لَكِ الْفَضِيلَةُ بِالسَّبْقَةِ وَ الْمُسَارَعَةِ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ
He-saww said: ‘I-saww shall inform you with it, so preserve it until I-saww instruct for the standing with it among the people in their entirety. If you were to preserve it, Allah-azwj will Protect you in the current and the future altogether, and for you would be the merit with the precedence and the quickness to the Eman with Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww.
وَ إِنْ أَضَعْتِهِ وَ تَرَكْتِ رِعَايَةَ مَا أُلْقِي إِلَيْكِ مِنْهُ كَفَرْتِ بِرَبِّكِ وَ حَبِطَ أَجْرُكِ وَ بَرِئَتْ مِنْكِ ذِمَّةُ اللَّهِ وَ ذِمَّةُ رَسُولِهِ وَ كُنْتِ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ وَ لَنْ يَضُرَّ اللَّهَ ذَلِكِ وَ لَا رَسُولَهُ
And if you were to waste it and neglect the care of what I-saww cast to you from it, you will disbelieve in your Lord-azwj, and your Recompense will drop, and the Guarantee of Allah-azwj would be voided from you, and guarantee of His-azwj Rasool-saww, and you would be from the losers, and that will never harm Allah-azwj, nor His-azwj Rasool-saww’.
فَضَمِنَتْ لَهُ حِفْظَهُ وَ الْإِيمَانَ بِهِ وَ رِعَايَتَهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ عُمُرِي قَدِ انْقَضَى وَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَنْصِبَ عَلِيّاً لِلنَّاسِ عَلَماً وَ أَجْعَلَهُ فِيهِمْ إِمَاماً وَ أَسْتَخْلِفَهُ كَمَا اسْتَخْلَفَ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ مِنْ قَبْلِي أَوْصِيَاءَهُمْ
She guaranteed to him-saww of its preservation, and the belief in it, and care for it. He-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Informed me-saww that my-saww life is coming to an end and Commanded me-saww to nominate Ali-asws as a flag for the people, and make him-asws to be an Imam-asws among them, and make him-asws a caliph just as the Prophets-as from before me-saww had made caliphs of their-as successors-as.
وَ إِنِّي صَائِرٌ إِلَى أَمْرِ رَبِّي وَ آخِذٌ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِهِ فَلْيَكُنِ الْأَمْرُ مِنْكِ تَحْتَ سُوَيْدَاءِ قَلْبِكِ إِلَى أَنْ يَأْذَنَ اللَّهُ بِالْقِيَامِ بِهِ
And I-saww shall be patient to the Command of my-saww Lord-azwj and take with His-azwj Command regarding it, so to them the matter from you be under the darkness of your heart until Allah-azwj Permits me-saww with the standing with it’.
فَضَمِنَتْ لَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ قَدِ اطَّلَعَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ عَلَى مَا يَكُونُ مِنْهَا فِيهِ وَ مِنْ صَاحِبَتِهَا حَفْصَةَ وَ أَبَوَيْهِمَا فَلَمْ تَلْبَثْ أَنْ أَخْبَرَتْ حَفْصَةَ وَ أَخْبَرَتْ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا أَبَاهَا فَاجْتَمَعَا وَ أَرْسَلَا إِلَى جَمَاعَةِ الطُّلَقَاءِ وَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فَخَبَّرَاهُمْ بِالْأَمْرِ
She guaranteed that to him-saww, and Allah-azwj had Notified His-azwj Prophet-saww of what would be happening from her regarding it, and from her companion Hafsa, and both their fathers. It was not long before she informed Hafsa, and each one of them informed her father, and they gathered and sent a message to a group of the freed ones (at the conquest of Makkah) and the hypocrites and informed them with the matter.
فَأَقْبَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَ قَالُوا إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ كَسُنَّةِ كِسْرَى وَ قَيْصَرَ إِلَى آخِرِ الدَّهْرِ وَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا لَكُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ مِنْ حَظٍّ إِنْ أَفْضَى هَذَا الْأَمْرُ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَامَلَكُمْ عَلَى ظَاهِرِكُمْ وَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً يُعَامِلُكُمْ عَلَى مَا يَجِدُ فِي نَفْسِهِ مِنْكُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا النَّظَرَ لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ قَدِّمُوا رَأْيَكُمْ فِيهِ
They turned towards each other and said, ‘Muhammad-saww wants to make this matter to be in People-asws of His-azwj Household, like the ways of Chosroe and Caesar up to the end of times, and no, by Allah-azwj, there will be no share for (any of) you – if this matter goes to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and that Muhammad-saww works you upon your apparent, and Ali-asws will be working you upon what he-asws finds within himself from you. Be good with the considers for yourselves regarding that, and present your opinions regarding it’.
وَ دَارَ الْكَلَامُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ وَ أَعَادُوا الْخِطَابَ وَ أَجَالُوا الرَّأْيَ فَاتَّفَقُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَنْفِرُوا بِالنَّبِيِّ ص نَاقَتَهُ عَلَى عَقَبَةِ هَرْشَى وَ قَدْ كَانُوا عَمِلُوا مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ
And the speech circulated in regarding what was between them, and they repeated the address, and hastened the opinion, and they united upon that they would be alienating with the Prophet-saww upon his-saww camel at the turning of Aqaba, and they had already done similar to that during the military expedition of Tabuk.
فَصَرَفَ اللَّهُ الشَّرَّ عَنْ نَبِيِّهِ ص فَاجْتَمَعُوا فِي أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مِنَ الْقَتْلِ وَ الِاغْتِيَالِ وَ إِسْقَاءِ السَّمِّ عَلَى غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ وَ قَدْ كَانَ اجْتَمَعَ أَعْدَاءُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مِنَ الطُّلَقَاءِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ مَنْ كَانَ فِي قَلْبِهِ الِارْتِدَادُ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا فَتَعَاقَدُوا وَ تَحَالَفُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَنْفِرُوا بِهِ نَاقَتَهُ وَ كَانُوا أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا
Allah-azwj Turned the evil away from His-azwj Prophet-saww. They gathered regarding the matter of Rasool-Allah-saww, from the killing, and the assassination, and quenching the poison upon another aspect; and the enemies of Rasool-Allah-saww had gathered, from the freed ones from Quraysh, and the hypocrites from the Helpers, and the ones in whose heart was the suspicions, from the Arabs in Al-Medina and what is around it, and they vowed and took oath upon that they would be alienating with him-saww his-saww camel, and they were fourteen men.
وَ كَانَ مِنْ عَزْمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُقِيمَ عَلِيّاً ع وَ يَنْصِبَهُ لِلنَّاسِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ إِذَا قَدِمَ فَسَارَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَوْمَيْنِ وَ لَيْلَتَيْنِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع بِآخِرِ سُورَةِ الْحِجْرِ فَقَالَ اقْرَأْ فَوَ رَبِّكَ لَنَسْئَلَنَّهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ عَمَّا كانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ فَاصْدَعْ بِما تُؤْمَرُ وَ أَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ إِنَّا كَفَيْناكَ الْمُسْتَهْزِئِينَ
And it was from the determinations of Rasool-Allah-saww that he-saww would establish Ali-asws and nominate him-asws to the people at Al-Medina when he-saww arrived. Rasool-Allah-saww travelled for two days and two nights. When it was the third day, Jibraeel-as came to him-saww with another Chapter, Al-Hijr. He-as said: ‘Read: So, by your Lord! We will be Questioning them altogether [15:92] About what they were doing [15:93] So proclaim what you are Commanded with and turn away from the polytheists [15:94] We will Suffice you against the scoffers [15:95]’.
قَالَ وَ رَحَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَغَذَّ السَّيْرَ مُسْرِعاً عَلَى دُخُولِهِ الْمَدِينَةَ لِيَنْصِبَ عَلِيّاً ع عَلَماً لِلنَّاسِ فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ الرَّابِعَةُ هَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ فِي آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ يا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ ما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَما بَلَّغْتَ رِسالَتَهُ وَ اللَّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكافِرِينَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww departed and made the journey quickly upon his-saww entry into Al-Medina in order to nominate Ali-asws as a flag for the people. When it was the fourth night, Jibraeel-as descended at the end of the night and recited unto him-as: O you Rasool! Deliver what has been Revealed unto you from your Lord; and if you don’t do so, then you have not delivered His Message, and Allah will Protect you from the people. Surely Allah does not Guide the Kafir people [5:67].
وَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ هَمُّوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَ مَا تَرَانِي يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ أُغِذُّ السَّيْرَ مُجِدّاً فِيهِ لِأَدْخُلَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَأَفْرِضَ وَلَايَتَهُ عَلَى الشَّاهِدِ وَ الْغَائِبِ
And they are those who had plotted with Rasool-Allah-saww. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Jibraeel-as! Don’t you-as see me-saww hastening the journey being laborious in it in order to enter Al-Medina, so I-saww can obligate his-asws Wilayah upon the ones present and the absentees?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ تَفْرِضَ وَلَايَتَهُ غَداً إِذَا نَزَلْتَ مَنْزِلَكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص نَعَمْ يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ غَداً أَفْعَلُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ وَ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالرَّحِيلِ مِنْ وَقْتِهِ وَ سَارَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِغَدِيرِ خُمٍّ وَ صَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَجْتَمِعُوا إِلَيْهِ
Jibraeel-as said to him-saww: ‘Allah-azwj Commands you-saww to Obligate his-asws Wilayah tomorrow, when you-saww descend in your-saww encampment’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Yes, O Jibraeel-as! Tomorrow I-saww shall do it, if Allah-azwj Desires’, and Rasool-Allah-saww ordered for the departure from his-saww pausing, and the people travelled with him-saww until he-saww encamped at Ghadeer Khumm, and prayed Salat (leading) the people, and instructed them to gather to him-saww.
وَ دَعَا عَلِيّاً ع وَ رَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَدَ عَلِيٍّ الْيُسْرَى بِيَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى وَ رَفَعَ صَوْتَهُ بِالْوَلَاءِ لِعَلِيٍّ ع عَلَى النَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ وَ فَرَضَ طَاعَتَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ لَا يَتَخَلَّفُوا عَلَيْهِ بَعْدَهُ وَ خَبَّرَهُمْ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
And he-saww called Ali-asws, and Rasool-Allah-saww raised his-asws left hand with his-saww right hand, and raised his-saww voice with the Wilayah of Ali-asws upon the people altogether, and obligated upon them the obedience to him-asws, and ordered them that they should not differ upon him-asws after him-saww, and informed them that, that is from a Command of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ أَ لَسْتُ أَوْلى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ قَالُوا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَمَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ اللَّهُمَّ وَالِ مَنْ وَالاهُ وَ عَادِ مَنْ عَادَاهُ وَ انْصُرْ مَنْ نَصَرَهُ وَ اخْذُلْ مَنْ خَذَلَهُ
And he-saww said to them: ‘Am I-saww not foremost with the Momineen than their own selves?’ They said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ He-saww said: ‘So the one whose Master-saww I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his Master-asws. O Allah-azwj! Befriend the one who befriends him-asws, and be Inimical to the one who is inimical to him-asws, and Help the one who helps him-asws and Abandon the one who abandons him-asws!’
ثُمَّ أَمَرَ النَّاسَ أَنْ يُبَايِعُوهُ فَبَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ جَمِيعاً وَ لَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ وَ قَدْ كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ تَقَدَّمَا إِلَى الْجُحْفَةِ فَبَعَثَ وَ رَدَّهُمَا ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمَا النَّبِيُّ ص مُتَهَجِّماً يَا ابْنَ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ وَ يَا عُمَرُ بَايِعَا عَلِيّاً بِالْوَلَايَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِي
Then he-saww ordered the people that they should pledge allegiance to him-asws. They all pledged allegiance to him-asws and no one spoke, and Abu Bakr and Umar has gone ahead to Al-Juhfa. So, he-saww sent for them and returned them. Then the Prophet-as said to them both, attackingly: ‘O Ibn Abu Qohafa, and O Umar! Pledge allegiance to Ali-asws with the Wilayah from after me-saww’.
فَقَالا أَمْرٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ وَ هَلْ يَكُونُ مِثْلُ هَذَا عَنْ غَيْرِ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ نَعَمْ أَمْرٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ
They said, ‘Is it a Command from Allah-azwj and from His-azwj Rasool-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘And can the like of this be from other than a Command from Allah-azwj and from His-azwj Rasool-saww?’
فَقَالَ وَ بَايَعَا ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَا وَ سَارَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بَاقِيَ يَوْمِهِ وَ لَيْلَتِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا دَنَوْا مِنْ عَقَبَةِ هَرْشَى تَقَدَّمَهُ الْقَوْمُ فَتَوَارَوْا فِي ثَنِيَّةِ الْعَقَبَةِ وَ قَدْ حَمَلُوا مَعَهُمْ دِبَاباً وَ طَرَحُوا فِيهَا الْحَصَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘And they both pledged allegiance, then left, and Rasool-Allah-saww travelled for the remainder of his-saww day and its night. When they were near from Aqaba turning, he send the people ahead in the bend of Al-Aqaba, and they had carried a tank and dropped pebbles in it’.
فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ فَدَعَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ دَعَا عَمَّارَ بْنَ يَاسِرٍ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَسُوقَهَا وَ أَنَا أَقُودُهَا حَتَّى إِذَا صِرْنَا رَأْسَ الْعَقَبَةِ ثَارَ الْقَوْمُ مِنْ وَرَائِنَا وَ دَحْرَجُوا الدِّبَابَ بَيْنَ قَوَائِمِ النَّاقَةِ فَذُعِرَتْ وَ كَادَتْ أَنْ تَنْفِرَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَصَاحَ بِهَا النَّبِيُّ ص أَنِ اسْكُنِي وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكِ بَأْسٌ
Huzeyfa said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww called me and called Ammar Bin Yasser, and instructed him to usher it, and I should guide it, until when we came to the top of Al-Aqaba, the group agitated from behind us and they rolled down the tank between the legs of the camel. It was terrified and almost fled with Rasool-Allah-saww. The Prophet-saww shouted at it: ‘Calm down! There is no problem upon you’.
فَأَنْطَقَهَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِقَوْلٍ عَرَبِيٍّ مُبِينٍ فَصِيحٍ فَقَالَتْ وَ اللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَا أَزَلْتُ يَداً عَنْ مُسْتَقَرِّ يَدٍ وَ لَا رِجْلًا عَنْ مَوْضِعِ رِجْلٍ وَ أَنْتَ عَلَى ظَهْرِي فَتَقَدَّمَ الْقَوْمُ إِلَى النَّاقَةِ لِيَدْفَعُوهَا فَأَقْبَلْتُ أَنَا وَ عَمَّارٌ نَضْرِبُ وُجُوهَهُمْ بِأَسْيَافِنَا وَ كَانَتْ لَيْلَةً مُظْلِمَةً
Allah-azwj the Exalted Caused it to speak with Arabic words, clear, eloquent. It said, ‘By Allah-azwj, O Rasool-Allah-saww! I did not move a hand from a steady hand, nor a leg from the place of a leg while you-saww are upon my back’. The group came ahead to the camel in order to push it (into the ravine). Ammar and I struck their faces without swords, and it was a dark night.
فَزَالُوا عَنَّا وَ أَيِسُوا مِمَّا ظَنُّوا وَ قَدَّرُوا وَ دَبَّرُوا فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمُ الَّذِينَ يُرِيدُونَ مَا تَرَى فَقَالَ ص يَا حُذَيْفَةُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُنَافِقُونَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ فَقُلْتُ أَ لَا تَبْعَثُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رَهْطاً فَيَأْتُوا بِرُءُوسِهِمْ
They moved away from us and despaired from what they had thought of, and they determined and turned around. I said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Who are these people, those who wanted what you saw?’ He-saww said: ‘O Huzeyfa! They are the hypocrites in the world and the Hereafter’. I said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Will you-saww not send a group to them, and they could come with their heads?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أُعْرِضَ عَنْهُمْ فَأَكْرَهُ أَنْ تَقُولَ النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ دَعَا أُنَاساً مِنْ قَوْمِهِ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ إِلَى دِينِهِ فَاسْتَجَابُوا فَقَاتَلَ بِهِمْ حَتَّى إِذَا ظَهْرَ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَتَلَهُمْ
He-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj has Commanded me-saww to turn away from them, so I-saww disliked it that the people should be saying: ‘He-saww called the people from his-saww people and his-saww companions to his-saww Religion, and they answered, then he-saww fought with them (against the enemies) until when he-saww was victorious upon his-saww enemies, he-saww turned against them, and killed them’.
وَ لَكِنْ دَعْهُمْ يَا حُذَيْفَةُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَهُمْ بِالْمِرْصَادِ وَ سَيُمْهِلُهُمْ قَلِيلًا ثُمَّ يَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلى عَذابٍ غَلِيظٍ
But, O Huzeyfa, leave them, for Allah-azwj is for them with the ambush, and He-azwj will Respite them for a little while, then He-azwj will Force them into the harsh Punishment’.
فَقُلْتُ وَ مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمُ الْمُنَافِقُونَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ أَمْ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَسَمَّاهُمْ لِي رَجُلًا رَجُلًا حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنْهُمْ وَ قَدْ كَانَ فِيهِمْ أُنَاسٌ أَنَا كَارِهٌ أَنْ يَكُونُوا فِيهِمْ فَأَمْسَكْتُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ
I said, ‘And who are they, this group of hypocrites, O Rasool-Allah-saww? Are they from the Emigrants or from the Helpers?’ He-saww named them to me man by man until he-saww was free from them, and there were some people among them I dislike being among them, so I withheld at that.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا حُذَيْفَةُ كَأَنَّكَ شَاكٌّ فِي بَعْضِ مَنْ سَمَّيْتُ لَكَ ارْفَعْ رَأْسَكَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَرَفَعْتُ طَرْفِي إِلَى الْقَوْمِ وَ هُمْ وُقُوفٌ عَلَى الثَّنِيَّةِ فَبَرَقَتْ بَرْقَةٌ فَأَضَاءَتْ جَمِيعَ مَا حَوْلَنَا وَ ثَبَتَتِ الْبَرْقَةُ حَتَّى خِلْتُهَا شَمْساً طَالِعَةً
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Huzeyfa! It is as if you are doubtful regarding some of the ones I-saww named to you. Raise your head towards them!’ I raised my eyes towards the group and they were standing at the turning. A lightning flashed and illuminated the entirety of what was around us, and the lightning affirmed until I thought it was an emerging sun.
فَنَظَرْتُ وَ اللَّهِ إِلَى الْقَوْمِ فَعَرَفْتُهُمْ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا فَإِذَا هُمْ كَمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَدَدُ الْقَوْمِ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا تِسْعَةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَ خَمْسَةٌ مِنْ سَائِرِ النَّاسِ
By Allah-azwj! I looked at the group and recognised them, man by man, and they were just as Rasool-Allah-saww had said and counted. The group was for fourteen men, nine from Quraysh and five from the rest of the people’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْفَتَى سَمِّهِمْ لَنَا يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ هُمْ وَ اللَّهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ عُثْمَانُ وَ طَلْحَةُ وَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ وَ هَؤُلَاءِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ
The youth said to him, ‘Name them for us, may Allah-azwj the Exalted have Mercy on you!’ Huzeyfa said, ‘By Allah-azwj! They were – Abu Bakr, and Umar, and Usman, and Talha, and Abdul Rahman Bin Awf, and Sa’d Bin Abu Waqas, and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, and Muawiya Bin Abu Sufyan, and Amro Bin Al-Aas – and they are from Quraysh.
وَ أَمَّا الْخَمْسَةُ الْأُخَرُ فَأَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُ وَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ الثَّقَفِيُّ وَ أَوْسُ بْنُ الْحَدَثَانِ الْبَصْرِيُ وَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ وَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ
And as for the other five – Abu Musa Al-Ashary, and Al-Mugheira Bin Shu’ba Al-Saqafi, and Aws Bin Al-Hadasan Al-Basry, and Abu Hureyra, and Abu Talha Al-Ansari’.
قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ ثُمَّ انْحَدَرْنَا مِنَ الْعَقَبَةِ وَ قَدْ طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ فَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَتَوَضَّأَ وَ انْتَظَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ حَتَّى انْحَدَرُوا مِنَ الْعَقَبَةِ وَ اجْتَمَعُوا فَرَأَيْتُ الْقَوْمَ بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ وَ قَدْ دَخَلُوا مَعَ النَّاسِ وَ صَلَّوْا خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
Huzeyfa said, ‘Then we went down from Al-Aqaba and the dawn had emerged. Rasool-Allah-saww descended and performed Wudu’u and awaited his-saww companions until they came down from Al-Aqaba and they gathered. I saw the group in their entirety and they had mingled with the people and prayed Salat behind Rasool-Allah-saww.
فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ الْتَفَتَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ وَ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ يَتَنَاجَوْنَ فَأَمَرَ مُنَادِياً فَنَادَى فِي النَّاسِ لَا تَجْتَمِعْ ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ يَتَنَاجَوْنَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ بِسِرٍّ وَ ارْتَحَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالنَّاسِ مِنْ مَنْزِلِ الْعَقَبَةِ
When he-saww finished from his-saww Salat, he-saww turned towards Abu Bakr and Umar and Abu Ubeyda who were whispering to each other. He-saww ordered a caller who called out among the people, ‘No three persons from the people should be whispering between them secretively!’, and Rasool-Allah-saww departed with the people from the encampment of Al-Aqaba.
فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ الْمَنْزِلَ الْآخَرَ رَأَى سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى حُذَيْفَةَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ وَ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ يُسَارُّ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ قَالَ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ لَا تَجْتَمِعَ ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَى سِرٍّ وَاحِدٍ وَ اللَّهِ لَتُخْبِرُونِّي فِيمَا أَنْتُمْ وَ إِلَّا أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى أُخْبِرَهُ بِذَلِكَ مِنْكُمْ
When he-saww descended at another encampment, he saw Saalim, a slave of Huzeyfa and Abu Bakr, and Umar, and Abu Ubeyda being secretive with each other. He paused at them and said, ‘Hasn’t Rasool-Allah-saww ordered that no three persons from the people should gather upon one secret? By Allah-azwj! Either you will inform me regarding what you were (discussing) or else I shall go to Rasool-Allah-saww until I inform him-saww of that from you’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا سَالِمُ عَلَيْكَ عَهْدُ اللَّهِ وَ مِيثَاقُهُ لَئِنْ خَبَّرْنَاكَ بِالَّذِي نَحْنُ فِيهِ وَ بِمَا اجْتَمَعْنَا لَهُ إِنْ أَحْبَبْتَ أَنْ تَدْخُلَ مَعَنَا فِيهِ دَخَلْتَ وَ كُنْتَ رَجُلًا مِنَّا وَ إِنْ كَرِهْتَ ذَلِكَ كَتَمْتَهُ عَلَيْنَا
Abu Bakr said, ‘O Saalim! Upon you is a pact of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Covenant, if I were to inform you of that which we are in, and with what we are gathered for, I would love it if you could enter to be with us in it, and you used to be a man from us, and if you dislike that, you will conceal it upon us’.
فَقَالَ سَالِمٌ لَكُمْ ذَلِكَ وَ أَعْطَاهُمْ بِذَلِكَ عَهْدَهُ وَ مِيثَاقَهُ وَ كَانَ سَالِمٌ شَدِيدَ الْبُغْضِ وَ الْعَدَاوَةِ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ قَدْ عَرَفُوا ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ فَقَالُوا لَهُ إِنَّا قَدِ اجْتَمَعْنَا عَلَى أَنْ نَتَحَالَفَ وَ نَتَعَاقَدَ عَلَى أَنْ لَا نُطِيعَ مُحَمَّداً فِيمَا فَرَضَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ وَلَايَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ بَعْدَهُ
Saalim said, ‘That is for you’, and he gave them his pact and his covenant; and Saalim used to be of intense hatred and enmity to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and that had been recognised from him. They said to him, ‘We have gathered upon that we shall swear an oath and make a pact upon that we will not obey Muhammad-saww in what he-saww has obligated upon us, from the Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws after him-saww’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ سَالِمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ عَهْدُ اللَّهِ وَ مِيثَاقُهُ إِنَّ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ كُنْتُمْ تَخُوضُونَ وَ تَتَنَاجَوْنَ قَالُوا أَجَلْ عَلَيْنَا عَهْدُ اللَّهِ وَ مِيثَاقُهُ إِنَّا إِنَّمَا كُنَّا فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ بِعَيْنِهِ لَا فِي شَيْءٍ سِوَاهُ
Saalim said to them, ‘Upon you is a pact of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Covenant, is this the matter you were indulging in and whispering?’ They said, ‘Yes, upon us is a pact of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Covenant! But rather, we were in this matter exactly, not in anything besides it’.
قَالَ سَالِمٌ وَ أَنَا وَ اللَّهِ أَوَّلُ مَنْ يُعَاقِدُكُمْ عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ لَا يُخَالِفُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ إِنَّهُ وَ اللَّهِ مَا طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ أَبْغَضَ إِلَيَّ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَ لَا فِي بَنِي هَاشِمٍ أَبْغَضَ إِلَيَّ وَ لَا أَمْقَتَ مِنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَاصْنَعُوا فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ مَا بَدَا لَكُمْ فَإِنِّي وَاحِدٌ مِنْكُمْ فَتَعَاقَدُوا مِنْ وَقْتِهِمْ عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ ثُمَّ تَفَرَّقُوا
Saalim said, ‘And I, by Allah-azwj, am the first one agreeing with you all upon this matter, and will not oppose you upon it. By Allah-azwj! The sun has not emerged upon any household more hateful to me than the Clan of Hashim-asws, nor in the Clan of Hashim-asws is there anyone more hateful to me nor more abhorrent than Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, therefore do regarding this matter whatever comes to you, for I am one of you’. They made a pact at that time of their upon this matter, then they dispersed.
فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْمَسِيرَ أَتَوْهُ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ فِيمَا كُنْتُمْ تَتَنَاجَوْنَ فِي يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا وَ قَدْ نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنِ النَّجْوَى فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الْتَقَيْنَا غَيْرَ وَقْتِنَا هَذَا
When Rasool-Allah-saww intended the travel, they came to him-saww. He-saww said to them: ‘What were you whispering in this day of yours, and I-saww had forbidden you from the secret counsels?’ They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! We have not met each other apart from this time of ours’.
فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمُ النَّبِيُّ ص مَلِيّاً قَالَ لَهُمْ أَنْتُمْ أَعْلَمُ أَمِ اللَّهُ وَ مَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ كَتَمَ شَهادَةً عِنْدَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مَا اللَّهُ بِغافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
The Prophet-saww looked at them for a while (then) said to them: ‘Are you more knowing or Allah?’ And who is more unjust than the one who conceals a testimony that is with him, from Allah? And Allah is not heedless of what you are doing [2:140]’.
ثُمَّ سَارَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَ اجْتَمَعَ الْقَوْمُ جَمِيعاً وَ كَتَبُوا صَحِيفَةً بَيْنَهُمْ عَلَى ذِكْرِ مَا تَعَاهَدُوا عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ كَانَ أَوَّلُ مَا فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ النَّكْثَ لِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ
Then he-saww travelled until he-saww entered Al-Medina, and the whole group gathered and they wrote out an agreement between them upon a mention of what they had vowed upon regarding this matter, and the first of what was in the parchment was the breach of Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and that the matter should go to Abu Bakr.
وَ عُمَرَ وَ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ وَ سَالِمٌ مَعَهُمْ لَيْسَ بِخَارِجٍ مِنْهُمْ وَ شَهِدَ بِذَلِكَ أَرْبَعَةٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ رَجُلًا هَؤُلَاءِ أَصْحَابُ الْعَقَبَةِ وَ عِشْرُونَ رَجُلًا آخَرَ وَ اسْتَوْدَعُوا الصَّحِيفَةَ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ جَعَلُوهُ أَمِينَهُمْ عَلَيْهَا
And Umar and Abu Ubeyda and Saalim were with them, not being outside from them, and thirty four men had testified that they were the companions of Al-Aqaba, and twenty others, and they deposited the parchment with Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, and they made him to be their trustee upon it’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ الْفَتَى يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ هَبْنَا نَقُولُ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمَ رَضُوا بِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ وَ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ لِأَنَّهُمْ مِنْ مَشِيخَةِ قُرَيْشٍ فَمَا بِالُهُمْ رَضُوا بِسَالِمٍ وَ هُوَ لَيْسَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَ لَا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ لَا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ عَبْدٌ لِامْرَأَةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘The youth said, ‘O servant of Allah-azwj, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you! Let us say that they are the group who were pleased with Abu Bakr and Umar and Abu Ubeyda, because they were from the sheykhs of Quraysh, but what was the matter with them being pleased with Saalim, and he was neither from Quraysh, nor from the Emigrants, nor from the Helpers, and rather he was a slave of a woman from the Helpers?’
قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ يَا فَتَى إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ أَجْمَعَ تَعَاقَدُوا عَلَى إِزَالَةِ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع حَسَداً مِنْهُمْ لَهُ وَ كَرَاهَةً لِأَمْرِهِ وَ اجْتَمَعَ لَهُمْ مَعَ ذَلِكَ مَا كَانَ فِي قُلُوبِ قُرَيْشٍ مِنْ سَفْكِ الدِّمَاءِ وَ كَانَ خَاصَّةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ كَانُوا يَطْلُبُونَ الثَّأْرَ الَّذِي أَوْقَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ بِهِمْ مِنْ عَلِيٍّ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَإِنَّمَا كَانَ الْعَقْدُ عَلَى إِزَالَةِ الْأَمْرِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ وَ كَانُوا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّ سَالِماً رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ
Huzeyfa said, ‘O youth! The group were united. They pacted upon removing this matter away from Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws out of envy from them towards him-asws, and abhorrence of his-asws command, and there gathered for them, along with that, what was in the hearts of Quraysh, from shedding of the blood, and it was in particular of Rasool-Allah-saww, and they were seeking the revenge which Rasool-Allah-saww had plunged them into from Ali-asws, from Clan of Hashim-asws. But rather the pact was from these fourteen, upon the removal of the command from Ali-asws, and they were viewing that Saalim was a man from them’.
فَقَالَ الْفَتَى فَخَبِّرْنِي يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ عَمَّا كَتَبَ جَمِيعُهُمْ فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ لِأَعْرِفَهُ
The youth said, ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you! Inform me about what they all wrote in the agreement, so I can know it’.
فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ حَدَّثَتْنِي بِذَلِكَ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ الْخَثْعَمِيَّةُ امْرَأَةُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنَّ الْقَوْمَ اجْتَمَعُوا فِي مَنْزِلِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَتَآمَرُوا فِي ذَلِكَ وَ أَسْمَاءُ تَسْمَعُهُمْ وَ تَسْمَعُ جَمِيعَ مَا يُدَبِّرُونَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَأَمَرُوا سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْعَاصِ الْأُمَوِيَ فَكَتَبَ هُوَ الصَّحِيفَةَ بِاتِّفَاقٍ مِنْهُمْ وَ كَانَتْ نُسْخَةُ الصَّحِيفَةِ
Huzeyfa said, ‘It was narrated to me with that by Asma Bin Umays Al-Khas’amiya, wife of Abu Bakr, that the group had gathered in the house of Abu Bakr, and they plotted regarding that, and Asma was listening to them and heard the entirety of what they had pondered regarding that until they united their view upon that. They instructed Saeed Bin Al-Aas Al-Amawy and he wrote the agreement with the accord from them, and a copy of the agreement was: –
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا مَا اتَّفَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَلَأُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ الَّذِينَ مَدَحَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ عَلَى لِسَانِ نَبِيِّهِ ص اتَّفَقُوا جَمِيعاً بَعْدَ أَنْ أَجْهَدُوا فِي رَأْيِهِمْ وَ تَشَاوَرُوا فِي أَمْرِهِمْ وَ كَتَبُوا هَذِهِ الصَّحِيفَةَ نَظَراً مِنْهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَ أَهْلِهِ عَلَى غَابِرِ الْأَيَّامِ وَ بَاقِي الدُّهُورِ لِيَقْتَدِيَ بِهِمْ مَنْ يَأْتِي مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ
In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. This is what is pacted upon by the assembly from companions of Muhammad-saww, Rasool-Allah-saww, from Emigrants and the helpers, those Allah-azwj has Praised in His-azwj Book upon the tongue of His-azwj Prophet-saww. They are all united in their view and they struggled in their views, and consulted regarding their affair, and wrote out this agreement, as a consideration from them to Al-Islam and its people, upon the past days and the remainder of the times, in order for them to be guided by them, the ones from the Muslims to come from after them.
أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِمَنِّهِ وَ كَرَمِهِ بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً ص رَسُولًا إِلَى النَّاسِ كَافَّةً بِدِينِهِ الَّذِي ارْتَضَاهُ لِعِبَادِهِ فَأَدَّى مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ بَلَّغَ مَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَ أَوْجَبَ عَلَيْنَا الْقِيَامَ بِجَمِيعِهِ
As for after, Allah-azwj, by His-azwj Conferment and His-azwj Benevolent, Sent Muhammad-saww as a Rasool-saww to all the people with His-azwj Religion which He-azwj is Pleased with for His-azwj servants. He-saww fulfilled that and delivered whatever Allah-azwj had Commanded him-saww with and obligated upon us, the standing with the entirety of it.
حَتَّى إِذَا أَكْمَلَ الدِّينَ وَ فَرَضَ الْفَرَائِضَ وَ أَحْكَمَ السُّنَنَ اخْتَارَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَبَضَهُ إِلَيْهِ مُكْرَماً مَحْبُوراً مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَسْتَخْلِفَ أَحَداً مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ جَعَلَ الِاخْتِيَارَ إِلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَخْتَارُونَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ مَنْ وَثِقُوا بِرَأْيِهِ وَ نُصْحِهِ لَهُمْ
Until when the Religion was perfected and the Obligations had been obligated, and the Judgments of the Sunnah, Allah-azwj Chose for him-saww what is in His-azwj Presence, honourable, delighted, from without having made anyone as a caliph from after him-saww, and made the choosing to Muslims to be choosing for themselves, someone they would trust his opinion and his good advice to them.
وَ إِنَّ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُسْوَةً حَسَنَةً قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَقَدْ كانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ لِمَنْ كانَ يَرْجُوا اللَّهَ وَ الْيَوْمَ الْآخِرَ وَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ أَحَداً لِئَلَّا يَجْرِيَ ذَلِكَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ وَاحِدٍ فَيَكُونَ إِرْثاً دُونَ سَائِرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ دُولَةً بَيْنَ الْأَغْنِيَاءِ مِنْهُمْ وَ لِئَلَّا يَقُولَ الْمُسْتَخْلَفُ إِنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ بَاقٍ فِي عَقِبِهِ مِنْ وَالِدٍ إِلَى وَلَدٍ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
And for the Muslims, in Rasool-Allah-saww, there is the best example. Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: There would always be for you all, in (the person of) Rasool-Allah, an excellent exemplar for one who was hoping in Allah and the Last Day, [33:21], and Rasool-Allah-saww did not chose anyone as caliph, lest that flows in the People-asws of the Household, so it would become an inheritance besides the rest of the Muslims, and lest the government would happen to be between the rich from them, and lest the caliph would say that this command is to remain in his posterity, from a son to a son up to the Day of Qiyamah.
وَ الَّذِي يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ عِنْدَ مُضِيِّ خَلِيفَةٍ مِنَ الْخُلَفَاءِ أَنْ يَجْتَمِعَ ذَوُو الرَّأْيِ وَ الصَّلَاحِ فَيَتَشَاوَرُوا فِي أُمُورِهِمْ فَمَنْ رَأَوْهُ مُسْتَحِقّاً لَهَا وَلَّوْهُ أُمُورَهُمْ وَ جَعَلُوهُ الْقَيِّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَخْفَى عَلَى أَهْلِ كُلِّ زَمَانٍ مَنْ يَصْلُحُ مِنْهُمْ لِلْخِلَافَةِ
And that which is obligated upon the Muslims during the expiry of a caliph from the caliphs is that the ones with opinion and the correctors should gather and consult each other regarding their affairs, so the one whom they see as being rightful for it, they should make him to be in charge of their affairs, and make him to be the one standing upon them, for it is not hidden upon the people of every era who is correct from them for the caliphate.
فَإِنِ ادَّعَى مُدَّعٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ جَمِيعاً أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص اسْتَخْلَفَ رَجُلًا بِعَيْنِهِ نَصَبَهُ لِلنَّاسِ وَ نَصَّ عَلَيْهِ بِاسْمِهِ وَ نَسَبِهِ فَقَدْ أَبْطَلَ فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ أَتَى بِخِلَافِ مَا يَعْرِفُهُ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ خَالَفَ عَلَى جَمَاعَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
So if a claimant from the people in their entirety were to claim that Rasool-Allah-saww chose a particular man as a caliph, nominating him for the people, and mentioned him by his name and nominated him, so he is false in his words and has come with opposite to what the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww recognise, and has opposed the community of the Muslims.
وَ إِنِ ادَّعَى مُدَّعٍ أَنَّ خِلَافَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِرْثٌ وَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يُورَثُ فَقَدْ أَحَالَ فِي قَوْلِهِ لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ نَحْنُ مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَاهُ صَدَقَةٌ
And if a claimant were to claim that the caliphate of Rasool-Allah-saww is an inheritance and that Rasool-Allah-saww leaves inheritances, so he has differed in his words, because Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘We-saww, the community of Prophets-as, do not leave inheritance. Whatever we-asws leave is charity’.
وَ إِنِ ادَّعَى مُدَّعٍ أَنَّ الْخِلَافَةَ لَا تَصْلُحُ إِلَّا لِرَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ بَيْنِ النَّاسِ وَ أَنَّهَا مَقْصُورَةٌ فِيهِ وَ لَا تَنْبَغِي لِغَيْرِهِ لِأَنَّهَا تَتْلُو النُّبُوَّةَ فَقَدْ كَذَبَ لِأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ أَصْحَابِي كَالنُّجُومِ بِأَيِّهِمُ اقْتَدَيْتُمُ اهْتَدَيْتُمْ
And if a claimant were to claim that the caliphate is not correct except for one man from between the people, and it is enclosed regarding him, and it is not befitting for others because it follows the Prophet-hood, so he has lied, because the Prophet-saww said: ‘My-saww companions are like the stars, with whichever you seek guidance, you will be guided aright’.
وَ إِنِ ادَّعَى مُدَّعٍ أَنَّهُ مُسْتَحِقٌّ لِلْخِلَافَةِ وَ الْإِمَامَةِ بِقُرْبِهِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ هِيَ مَقْصُورَةٌ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَى عَقِبِهِ يَرِثُهَا الْوَلَدُ مِنْهُمْ عَنْ وَالِدِهِ ثُمَّ هِيَ كَذَلِكَ فِي كُلِّ عَصْرٍ وَ زَمَانٍ لَا تَصْلُحُ لِغَيْرِهِمْ وَ لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُونَ لِأَحَدٍ سِوَاهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يَرِثَ اللَّهُ الْأَرْضَ وَ مَنْ عَلَيْها فَلَيْسَ لَهُ وَ لَا لِوُلْدِهِ وَ إِنْ دَنَا مِنَ النَّبِيِّ نَسَبُهُ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ وَ قَوْلُهُ الْقَاضِي عَلَى كُلِّ أَحَدٍ إِنَّ أَكْرَمَكُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَتْقاكُمْ
And if a claimant were to claim that he is rightful for the caliphate and the Imamate by his nearness from Rasool-Allah-azwj, then it is enclosed upon him and upon his posterity, the son from them inheriting from his father, then it is like that in every era and time, not being correct for others, nor is it befitting that it happens to be for anyone besides them, until Allah-azwj Inherits the earth and the ones upon it, and even if his lineage is close from the Prophet, because Allah-azwj is Saying, and His-azwj Words are the Judge upon every one: Surely, the most honourable of you in the Presence of Allah is the most pious of you. [49:13].
وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ ذِمَّةَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَاحِدَةٌ يَسْعَى بِهَا أَدْنَاهُمْ وَ كُلُّهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ فَمَنْ آمَنَ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ أَقَرَّ بِسُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَدِ اسْتَقَامَ وَ أَنَابَ وَ أَخَذَ بِالصَّوَابِ وَ مَنْ كَرِهَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ فِعَالِهِمْ فَقَدْ خَالَفَ الْحَقَّ وَ الْكِتَابَ وَ فَارَقَ جَمَاعَةَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَاقْتُلُوهُ فَإِنَّ فِي قَتْلِهِ صَلَاحاً لِلْأُمَّةِ
And Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The responsibility of the Muslims is one. Their lowest one should strive with it, and all of them are a hand upon the ones besides them. So, the one who believes in the Book of Allah-azwj and accepts the Sunnah of Rasool-Allah-saww, so he is straight, and penitent, and has taken with the correctness; and the one who dislikes that from their deeds, so he has opposed the truth, and the Book, as separated from the group of Muslims. Therefore kill him, for in killing him is the correctness for the community.
وَ قَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ جَاءَ إِلَى أُمَّتِي وَ هُمْ جَمِيعٌ فَفَرَّقَهُمْ فَاقْتُلُوهُ وَ اقْتُلُوا الْفَرْدَ كَائِناً مَنْ كَانَ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَإِنَّ الِاجْتِمَاعَ رَحْمَةٌ وَ الْفُرْقَةَ عَذَابٌ وَ لَا تَجْتَمِعُ أُمَّتِي عَلَى الضَّلَالِ أَبَداً وَ إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَدٌ وَاحِدَةٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ وَ إِنَّهُ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ جَمَاعَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَّا مُفَارِقٌ وَ مُعَانِدٌ لَهُمْ وَ مُظَاهِرٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَعْدَاءَهُمْ فَقَدْ أَبَاحَ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ دَمَهُ وَ أَحَلَّ قَتْلَهُ
And Rasool-Allah-saww has said: ‘One who comes to my-saww community and they are together, and he separates them, so kill him, and kill the individual, whatever happens can happen from the people, for the unity is a mercy, and the sects are a punishment, and my-saww community will not unite upon the straying, ever, and that the Muslims are one hand upon the ones besides them, and no one will exit from the community of the Muslims except a separator, and one obstinate to them, and a supporter of their enemies against them, so Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww have legalised his blood, and permitted killing him’.
وَ كَتَبَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْعَاصِ بِاتِّفَاقٍ مِمَّنْ أَثْبَتَ اسْمَهُ وَ شَهَادَتَهُ آخِرَ هَذِهِ الصَّحِيفَةِ فِي الْمُحَرَّمِ سَنَةَ عَشَرَةٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ
And Saeed Bin Al-Aas wrote in accordance with the ones who affirmed his name, and another ones witness – This agreement is in Muharram of the year ten from the Emigration, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj, Lord-azwj of the worlds, and may Allah-azwj Send Salawat upon our Prophet-saww Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws, and the greetings’.
ثُمَّ دُفِعَتِ الصَّحِيفَةُ إِلَى أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ فَوَجَّهَ بِهَا إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَلَمْ تَزَلِ الصَّحِيفَةُ فِي الْكَعْبَةِ مَدْفُونَةً إِلَى أَوَانِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَهَا مِنْ مَوْضِعِهَا وَ هِيَ الصَّحِيفَةُ الَّتِي تَمَنَّى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ عُمَرُ فَوَقَفَ بِهِ وَ هُوَ مُسَجًّى بِثَوْبِهِ قَالَ مَا أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَلْقَى اللَّهَ بِصَحِيفَةِ هَذَا الْمُسَجَّى
Then he handed over the parchment to Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, and he went with it to Makkah. So the parchment did not cease to be in the Kabah, buried, until the time of Umar Bin Al-Khattab. He took it out from its place, and it is the parchment which Amir Al-Momineen-asws had wanted to get hold of, when Umar died. He-asws stood with it and it was wrapped in his-asws clothes (and) he-asws said: ‘How beloved is to me-asws that I-asws meet Allah-azwj with this hidden agreement’.
ثُمَّ انْصَرَفُوا وَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالنَّاسِ صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ يَذْكُرُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى حَتَّى طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَى أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَخْ بَخْ مَنْ مِثْلُكَ وَ قَدْ أَصْبَحْتَ أَمِينَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ
Then they left, and Rasool-Allah-saww prayed Salat Al-Fajr (leading) the people, then sat in his-saww gathering mentioning Allah-azwj the Exalted until the sun emerged. He-saww turned towards Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah and said to him: ‘Congratulations! Congratulations! Who is like you and you have (now) become a trustee of this community’.
ثُمَّ تَلَا فَوَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ يَكْتُبُونَ الْكِتابَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ ثُمَّ يَقُولُونَ هذا مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ لِيَشْتَرُوا بِهِ ثَمَناً قَلِيلًا فَوَيْلٌ لَهُمْ مِمَّا كَتَبَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَ وَيْلٌ لَهُمْ مِمَّا يَكْسِبُونَ
Then he-saww recited: So woe be unto those who are writing the Book with their own hands, then they are saying, ‘This is from the Presence of Allah-azwj’, in order to be taking a small price through it. So, woe is for them from what their hands wrote, and woe is for them from what they are earning [2:79].
لَقَدْ أَشْبَهَ هَؤُلَاءِ رِجَالٌ فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ يَسْتَخْفُونَ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَ لا يَسْتَخْفُونَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ هُوَ مَعَهُمْ إِذْ يُبَيِّتُونَ ما لا يَرْضى مِنَ الْقَوْلِ وَ كانَ اللَّهُ بِما يَعْمَلُونَ مُحِيطاً
Men in this community have resembled, They are concealing from the people, and they cannot conceal from Allah, and He is with them when they are spending the nights in what does not Please Him from the words; and Allah was always Encompassing with what they were doing [4:108].
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَقَدْ أَصْبَحَ فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ فِي يَوْمِي هَذَا قَوْمٌ ضَاهُوهُمْ فِي صَحِيفَتِهِمُ الَّتِي كَتَبُوهَا عَلَيْنَا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَ عَلَّقُوهَا فِي الْكَعْبَةِ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُمَتِّعُهُمْ لِيَبْتَلِيَهُمْ وَ يَبْتَلِيَ مَنْ يَأْتِي بَعْدَهُمْ تَفْرِقَةً بَيْنَ الْخَبِيثِ وَ الطَّيِّبِ
Then he-saww said: ‘In this morning of this day of mine-saww, a group has become a match regarding their agreement which they had written during the pre-Islamic period, and had cast it in the Kabah, and that Allah-azwj the Exalted gave them a respite and let them be plagued, and plague the ones to come after them to distinguish between the wicked and the good.
وَ لَوْ لَا أَنَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ أَمَرَنِي بِالْإِعْرَاضِ عَنْهُمْ لِلْأَمْرِ الَّذِي هُوَ بَالِغُهُ لَقَدَّمْتُهُمْ فَضَرَبْتُ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ
And if the Glorious One-azwj has Commanded me-saww with the turning away from them for the matter which it to reach, I-saww would have brought them forwards and struck off their necks’.
قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْنَا هَؤُلَاءِ النَّفَرَ عِنْدَ قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص هَذِهِ الْمَقَالَةَ وَ قَدْ أَخَذَتْهُمُ الرِّعْدَةُ فَمَا يَمْلِكُ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ شَيْئاً وَ لَمْ يَخْفَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِمَّنْ حَضَرَ مَجْلِسَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص إِيَّاهُمْ عَنَى بِقَوْلِهِ وَ لَهُمْ ضَرَبَ تِلْكَ الْأَمْثَالَ بِمَا تَلَا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ
Huzeyfa said, ‘By Allah-azwj! We had seen these persons during the words of Rasool-Allah-saww, this speech, and the awe has seized them, and no one from them could control anything from himself, and it was not hidden from anyone, from the ones who were present in the gathering of Rasool-Allah-saww that day, that Rasool-Allah-saww had meant them by his-saww words and had struck the examples for them with what he-saww had recited from the Quran’.
قَالَ وَ لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ سَفَرِهِ ذَلِكَ نَزَلَ مَنْزِلَ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجَتِهِ فَأَقَامَ بِهَا شَهْراً لَا يَنْزِلُ مَنْزِلًا سِوَاهُ مِنْ مَنَازِلِ أَزْوَاجِهِ كَمَا كَانَ يَفْعَلُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘And when Rasool-Allah-saww arrived from that journey of his-saww and descended in the house of Umm Salama-ra, his-saww wife, he-saww stayed with her-ra for a month, not lodging in any house besides it from the houses of his-saww (other) wives, just as he-saww used to do before that’.
قَالَ فَشَكَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَ حَفْصَةُ ذَلِكَ إِلَى أَبَوَيْهِمَا فَقَالا لَهُمَا إِنَّا لَنَعْلَمُ لِمَ صَنَعَ ذَلِكَ وَ لِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ هُوَ امْضِيَا إِلَيْهِ فَلَاطِفَاهُ فِي الْكَلَامِ وَ خَادِعَاهُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ فَإِنَّكُمَا تَجِدَانِهِ حَيِيّاً كَرِيماً فَلَعَلَّكُمَا تَسُلَّانِ مَا فِي قَلْبِهِ وَ تَسْتَخْرِجَانِ سَخِيمَتَهُ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘Ayesha and Hafsa complained of that to their fathers (Abu Bakr and Umar). They said to them, ‘We know why he-saww has done that and for which thing (reason) he-saww is going to, so do not extinguish him-saww in the speech and deceive him-saww from himself-saww, for you will fling him-saww welcoming, benevolent. Perhaps you could ask what is in his-saww heart and take out his-saww cloudiness’.
قَالَ فَمَضَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَحْدَهَا إِلَيْهِ فَأَصَابَتْهُ فِي مَنْزِلِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَ عِنْدَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ مَا جَاءَ بِكِ يَا حُمَيْرَاءُ قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنْكَرْتُ تَخَلُّفَكَ عَنْ مَنْزِلِكَ هَذِهِ الْمَرَّةَ وَ أَنَا أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ سَخَطِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘Ayesha went alone to him-saww and found him-saww to be in the house of Umm Salama-ra and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws was with him-saww. The Prophet-saww said to her: ‘What have you come for, O Humeyra?’ She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I do not like staying behind from your-saww lodgement for this (length of) time, and I seek refuge with Allah-azwj from your-saww anger, O Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَقَالَ لَوْ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ كَمَا تَقُولِينَ لَمَا أَظْهَرْتِ سِرّاً أَوْصَيْتُكِ بِكِتْمَانِهِ لَقَدْ هَلَكْتِ وَ أَهْلَكْتِ أُمَّةً مِنَ النَّاسِ
He-saww said: ‘If the matter was as you are saying, you would not have manifested the secret I-saww had bequeathed you with concealing it. You are destroyed and have caused a community from the people to be destroyed’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ خَادِمَةً لِأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَ اجْمَعِي هَؤُلَاءِ يَعْنِي نِسَاءَهُ فَجَمَعَتْهُنَّ فِي مَنْزِلِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُنَّ اسْمَعْنَ مَا أَقُولُ لَكُنَّ وَ أَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالَ لَهُنَّ هَذَا أَخِي وَ وَصِيِّي وَ وَارِثِي وَ الْقَائِمُ فِيكُنَّ وَ فِي الْأُمَّةِ مِنْ بَعْدِي فَأَطِعْنَهُ فِيمَا يَأْمُرُكُنَّ بِهِ وَ لَا تَعْصِينَهُ فَتَهْلُكْنَ بِمَعْصِيَتِهِ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘Then he-saww instructed a servant of Umm Salama-ra saying: ‘Gather them!’ – meaning his-saww wives. They gathered in the house of Umm Salama-ra. He-saww said to them: ‘Listen to what I-saww am saying to you all’ – and he-saww indicated with his-saww hand towards Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and said to them: ‘This is my-saww brother-asws, and my-saww successor-asws, and my-saww inheritor, and the one standing among you and in my-saww community from after me-saww, so obey him-asws in whatever he-asws orders you all with, and do not disobey him-asws, for you will be destroyed by disobeying him-asws’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ أُوصِيكَ بِهِنَّ فَأَمْسِكْهُنَّ مَا أَطْعَنَ اللَّهَ وَ أَطَعْنَكَ وَ أَنْفِقْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ مَالِكَ وَ مُرْهُنَّ بِأَمْرِكَ وَ انْهَهُنَّ عَمَّا يَرِيبُكَ وَ خَلِّ سَبِيلَهُنَّ إِنْ عَصَيْنَكَ
Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! I-saww bequeath them to you-asws, so withhold them for as long as they obey Allah-azwj and obey you-asws, and spend upon them from your-asws wealth, and instruct them with your-asws instructions, and forbid them from what is doubtful to you-asws, and free their way (divorce them on my-saww behalf) if they disobey you-asws’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهُ إِنَّهُنَّ نِسَاءٌ وَ فِيهِنَّ الْوَهْنُ وَ ضَعْفُ الرَّأْيِ
Ali-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! They are women, and among them is the feebleness and the weakness of opinion’.
فَقَالَ ارْفُقْ بِهِنَّ مَا كَانَ الرِّفْقُ أَمْثَلَ بِهِنَّ فَمَنْ عَصَاكَ مِنْهُنَّ فَطَلِّقْهَا طَلَاقاً يَبْرَأُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ مِنْهَا
He-saww said: ‘Be kind with them with the most exemplary kindness with them. So, the one from them who disobeys you-asws, divorce her (on my-saww behalf) with such a divorce, Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww would be disavowed from her’.
قَالَ وَ كُلُّ نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ قَدْ صَمَتْنَ فَلَمْ يَقُلْنَ شَيْئاً فَتَكَلَّمَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا كُنَّا لِتَأْمُرَنَا بِشَيْءٍ فَنُخَالِفَهُ بِمَا سِوَاهُ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘And every wife of the Prophet-saww has been quiet and did not say anything. Ayesha spoke, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! We have not been instructed with anything, so we opposed it with what is besides it’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا بَلَى يَا حُمَيْرَاءُ قَدْ خَالَفْتِ أَمْرِي أَشَدَّ خِلَافٍ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَتُخَالِفِنَّ قَوْلِي هَذَا وَ لَتَعْصِنَّهُ بَعْدِي وَ لَتَخْرُجِنَّ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ الَّذِي أُخَلِّفُكِ فِيهِ مُتَبَرِّجَةً قَدْ حَفَّ بِكِ فِئَامٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَتُخَالِفِينَهُ ظَالِمَةً لَهُ عَاصِيَةً لِرَبِّكِ وَ لَتَنْبِحَنَّكِ فِي طَرِيقِكِ كِلَابُ الْحَوْأَبِ أَلَا إِنَّ ذَلِكِ كَائِنٌ
He-saww said to her: ‘Yes, O Humeyra! You have opposed my-saww order with a severe opposition, and I-saww swear by Allah-azwj, you will be opposing these words of mine and disobey him-asws after me-saww, and you will be going out from the house which I-saww leave you behind in it, improperly dressed, surrounded by a group of people, and you will oppose wrongfully to him-asws, in disobedience of your Lord-azwj, and there will be reproaching you in your road, the dogs of Al-Hawwab. Indeed, that will be happening’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ قُمْنَ فَانْصَرِفْنَ إِلَى مَنَازِلِكُنَّ قَالَ فَقُمْنَ فَانْصَرَفْنَ
Then he-saww said: ‘Arise and leave to go to your houses!’ They arose and left.
قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص جَمَعَ أُولَئِكَ النَّفَرَ وَ مَنْ مَالَأَهُمْ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع وَ طَابَقَهُمْ عَلَى عَدَاوَتِهِ وَ مَنْ كَانَ مِنَ الطُّلَقَاءِ وَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَ كَانُوا زُهَاءَ أَرْبَعَةِ آلَافِ رَجُلٍ فَجَعَلَهُمْ تَحْتَ يَدَيْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ مَوْلَاهُ وَ أَمَّرَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ أَمَرَهُ بِالْخُرُوجِ إِلَى نَاحِيَةٍ مِنَ الشَّامِ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘Then Rasool-Allah-saww gathered those (fourteen) persons, and the ones they inclined against Ali-asws, and matched them upon his-asws enmity, and the ones who were from the freed ones, and the hypocrites, and they were approximately four thousand men. He-saww made them to be under the hand (command) of Usama Bin Zayd, his-saww slave, and made him a commander upon them, and ordered him with the going out to an area of Syria.
فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا قَدِمْنَا مِنْ سَفَرِنَا الَّذِي كُنَّا فِيهِ مَعَكَ وَ نَحْنُ نَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَأْذَنَ لَنَا فِي الْمَقَامِ لِنُصْلِحَ مِنْ شَأْنِنَا مَا يُصْلِحُنَا فِي سَفَرِنَا
They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! We have just arrived from our journey which we were in with you-saww, and we ask you that you-saww permit for us regarding the staying in order to sort out our affairs what would be correct for us in our journey’.
قَالَ فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَكُونُوا فِي الْمَدِينَةِ رَيْثَمَا يَحْتَاجُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ أَمَرَ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ فَعَسْكَرَ بِهِمْ عَلَى أَمْيَالٍ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَأَقَامَ بِمَكَانِهِ الَّذِي حَدَّ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مُنْتَظِراً لِلْقَوْمِ أَنْ يُوَافُوهُ إِذَا فَرَغُوا مِنْ أُمُورِهِمْ وَ قَضَاءِ حَوَائِجِهِمْ وَ إِنَّمَا أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِمَا صَنَعَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَنْ تَخْلُوَ الْمَدِينَةُ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَا يَبْقَى بِهَا أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘He-saww ordered them that they should happen to be in Al-Medina pending they being needed to him-saww, and ordered Usama Bin Zayd to march with them upon some miles from Al-Medina. So, he stayed in the place which Rasool-Allah-saww had limited for him, awaiting the people and they would be loyal to him when they were free from their affairs and had fulfilled their needs; and rather Rasool-Allah-saww wanted with what he-saww had done from that, is that Al-Medina should be vacated from them and there should not remain at it anyone from the hypocrites’.
قَالَ فَهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ مِنْ شَأْنِهِمْ وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رَائِبٌ يَحُثُّهُمْ وَ يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِالْخُرُوجِ وَ التَّعْجِيلِ إِلَى الْوَجْهِ الَّذِي نَدَبَهُمْ إِلَيْهِ إِذْ مَرِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَرَضَهُ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا ذَلِكَ تَبَاطَئُوا عَمَّا أَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنَ الْخُرُوجِ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘They were upon that from their affairs, and Rasool-Allah-saww was fearful, urging them and ordering them with the going out, and the hastening to the direction which he-saww had assigned them towards, when Rasool-Allah-saww fell ill with the illness in which he-saww passed away. When they saw that, they delayed from what Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered them of the going out.
فَأَمَرَ قَيْسَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ وَ كَانَ سباق [سَيَّافَ] رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ الْحُبَابَ بْنَ الْمُنْذِرِ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يَرْحَلُوا بِهِمْ إِلَى عَسْكَرِهِمْ فَأَخْرَجَهُمْ قَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَ الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ حَتَّى أَلْحَقَاهُمْ بِعَسْكَرِهِمْ وَ قَالا لِأُسَامَةَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَكَ فِي التَّخَلُّفِ فَسِرْ مِنْ وَقْتِكَ هَذَا لِيَعْلَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ذَلِكَ
So he-saww instructed Qays Bin Ubada, and he was a swordsman (executioner) of Rasool-Allah-saww, and Al-Hubab Bin Al-Munzar among a group of Helpers to depart with them to their army. Qays Bin Sa’ad and Al-Hubab Bin Al-Munzar took them out until they joined up with their army, and they said to Usama, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww does not allow you regarding the staying behind, so travel at this time of yours, for Rasool-Allah-saww to know that’.
فَارْتَحَلَ بِهِمْ أُسَامَةُ وَ انْصَرَفَ قَيْسٌ وَ الْحُبَابُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَعْلَمَاهُ بِرِحْلَةِ الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ غَيْرُ سَائِرِينَ
Usama departed with them, and Qays and Al-Hubab left to go to Rasool-Allah-saww and they let him-saww know of the departure of the people. He-saww said to them: ‘The people are not travelling’.
قَالَ فَخَلَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بِأُسَامَةَ وَ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالُوا إِلَى أَيْنَ نَنْطَلِقُ وَ نُخَلِّي الْمَدِينَةَ وَ نَحْنُ أَحْوَجُ مَا كُنَّا إِلَيْهَا وَ إِلَى الْمُقَامِ بِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ وَ مَا ذَلِكَ
He (Huzeyfa) said: ‘Abu Bakr and Umar and Abu Ubeyda broke ranks with Usama and a group of his companions and they said, ‘Where are we going to and vacating Al-Medina, and we are most needy as can be to it, and to the staying at it’. He said to them, ‘And what is that (need)?’
قَالُوا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِهِ الْمَوْتُ وَ وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ خَلَّيْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ لَتَحْدُثَنَّ بِهَا أُمُورٌ لَا يُمْكِنُ إِصْلَاحُهَا نَنْظُرُ مَا يَكُونُ مِنْ أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ الْمَسِيرُ بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا
They said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww, the death has descended with him-saww, and by Allah-azwj, if we were to vacate Al-Medina, matters would be innovated at it, we will not be able to correct these. We shall (first) look at what is happening from the matter of Rasool-Allah-saww, then the journey would be in front of us’.
قَالَ فَرَجَعَ الْقَوْمُ إِلَى الْمُعَسْكَرِ الْأَوَّلِ وَ أَقَامُوا بِهِ وَ بَعَثُوا رَسُولًا يَتَعَرَّفُ لَهُمْ أَمْرَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَتَى الرَّسُولُ إِلَى عَائِشَةَ فَسَأَلَهَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ سِرّاً فَقَالَتْ امْضِ إِلَى أَبِي وَ عُمَرَ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُمَا وَ قُلْ لَهُمَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ ثَقُلَ فَلَا يَبْرَحَنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ وَ أَنَا أُعْلِمُكُمْ بِالْخَبَرِ وَقْتاً بَعْدَ وَقْتٍ وَ اشْتَدَّتْ عِلَّةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘The group returned at first to the army and stayed with it, and they sent a messenger in order for them to know the matter of Rasool-Allah-saww. The messenger came to Ayesha and asked her secretly about that. She said, ‘Go to my father, and Umar and the ones with them and say to them that Rasool-Allah-saww has become heavy (with illness) so no one from you should depart, and I shall let you know with the news, time after time, and I shall witness the illness of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَدَعَتْ عَائِشَةُ صُهَيْباً فَقَالَتْ امْضِ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ أَعْلِمْهُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً فِي حَالٍ لَا يُرْجَى فَهَلُمَّ إِلَيْنَا أَنْتَ وَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ وَ مَنْ رَأَيْتُمْ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ مَعَكُمْ وَ لْيَكُنْ دُخُولُكُمْ فِي اللَّيْلِ سِرّاً
Ayesha called Suheyb and she said, ‘Go to Abu Bakr and let him know that Muhammad-saww is in a state he-saww cannot return from, so come to us, you, and Umar, and Abu Ubeyda, and the ones you see to have entered to be with you, and let your entry among the people be secretive during the night’.
قَالَ فَأَتَاهُمُ الْخَبَرُ فَأَخَذُوا بِيَدِ صُهَيْبٍ فَأَدْخَلُوهُ إِلَى أُسَامَةَ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ الْخَبَرَ وَ قَالُوا لَهُ كَيْفَ يَنْبَغِي لَنَا أَنْ نَتَخَلَّفَ عَنْ مُشَاهَدَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ اسْتَأْذَنُوهُ فِي الدُّخُولِ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ لَا يَعْلَمَ بِدُخُولِهِمْ أَحَدٌ وَ إِنْ عُوفِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهُ رَجَعْتُمْ إِلَى عَسْكَرِكُمْ وَ إِنْ حَدَثَ حَادِثُ الْمَوْتِ عَرِّفُونَا ذَلِكَ لِنَكُونَ فِي جَمَاعَةِ النَّاسِ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘The news came to them, so they grabbed a hand of Suheyb and took him to Usama and informed him the news, and they said to him, ‘How can it be befitting for us that we stay behind from attending Rasool-Allah-saww ?’ And they (asked for a) permission regarding the entry to see him-saww. He permitted for them and instructed them that not to let anyone know of their entry, and if Rasool-Allah-saww were to recover, they would return to their army, and if the death were to occur, ‘Let us know that so we can become among a community of the people’.
فَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ لَيْلًا الْمَدِينَةَ وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ ثَقُلَ فَأَفَاقَ بَعْضَ الْإِفَاقَةِ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ طَرَقَ لَيْلَتَنَا هَذِهِ الْمَدِينَةَ شَرٌّ عَظِيمٌ فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَ مَا هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
Abu Bakr, and Umar and Abu Ubeyda entered Al-Medina at night, and Rasool-Allah-saww had become heavy (with illness). He-saww woke up in one of the waking and said: ‘A mighty evil has knocked this city in this night of ours’. It was said to him-saww, ‘And what is it, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا فِي جَيْشِ أُسَامَةَ قَدْ رَجَعَ مِنْهُمْ نَفَرٌ يُخَالِفُونَ عَنْ أَمْرِي أَلَا إِنِّي إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ وَيْحَكُمْ نَفِّذُوا جَيْشَ أُسَامَةَ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى قَالَهَا مَرَّاتٍ كَثِيرَةً
He-saww said: ‘Those who were in the army of Usama, and number of them have returned in opposition to my-saww orders. Indeed! I-saww disavow to Allah-azwj from them. Woe be unto you! Enforce the army of Usama!’ He-saww kept saying that until he-saww had said it many times.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ بِلَالٌ مُؤَذِّنُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يُؤَذِّنُ بِالصَّلَاةِ فِي كُلِّ وَقْتِ صَلَاةٍ فَإِنْ قَدَرَ عَلَى الْخُرُوجِ تَحَامَلَ وَ خَرَجَ وَ صَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ وَ إِنْ هُوَ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى الْخُرُوجِ أَمَرَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘And Bilal, Muezzin of Rasool-Allah-saww, used to proclaim Azaan for the Salaat during every time of the Salat, so if he-saww was able upon the going out, he-saww would be carried and he-saww would go out and pray Salat (leading) the people, and if he-saww was not able upon the going out, would instruct Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and he-asws would pray Salat (leading) the people.
وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ لَا يُزَايِلَانِهِ فِي مَرَضِهِ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ لَيْلَتِهِ تِلْكَ الَّتِي قَدِمَ فِيهَا الْقَوْمُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا تَحْتَ يَدَيْ أُسَامَةَ أَذَّنَ بِلَالٌ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ يُخْبِرُهُ كَعَادَتِهِ فَوَجَدَهُ قَدْ ثَقُلَ فَمُنِعَ مِنَ الدُّخُولِ إِلَيْهِ
And Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and Al-Fazl Bin Al-Abbas were not leaving him-saww during that illness of his-saww. When Rasool-Allah-saww woke up in the morning from that night of his-as in which the group had arrived, those who had been under the hand of Usama, Bilal proclaimed Azaan, then came to him-saww informing him-saww as per his habit, but found him-saww to be heavy (with illness), and was not permitted from entering to see him-saww.
فَأَمَرَتْ عَائِشَةُ صُهَيْباً أَنْ يَمْضِيَ إِلَى أَبِيهَا فَيُعْلِمَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ ثَقُلَ فِي مَرَضِهِ وَ لَيْسَ يُطِيقُ النُّهُوضَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَدْ شَغَلَ بِهِ وَ بِمُشَاهَدَتِهِ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ بِالنَّاسِ فَاخْرُجْ أَنْتَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ فَإِنَّهَا حَالَةٌ تَهْنِئُكَ وَ حُجَّةٌ لَكَ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ
Ayesha instructed Suheyb to go to her father and let him know that, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww had become heavy in his-saww illness and cannot endure going to the Masjid, and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws has been too pre-occupied with him-saww and attending to him-saww from praying the Salat (leading) the people, so you go to the Masjid and pray Salat (leading) the people, for it is a congratulatory situation and an argument for you after today’.
قَالَ فَلَمْ يَشْعُرِ النَّاسُ وَ هُمْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ يَنْتَظِرُونَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَوْ عَلِيّاً ع يُصَلِّي بِهِمْ كَعَادَتِهِ الَّتِي عَرَفُوهَا فِي مَرَضِهِ إِذْ دَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْمَسْجِدَ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ ثَقُلَ وَ قَدْ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘The people were not aware and they were in the Masjid awaiting Rasool-Allah-saww or Ali-asws to (lead) Salat with them like a habit they recognised during his-saww illness, when Abu Bakr entered the Masjid and said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww has become heavy (in illness) and has instructed me that I should lead the people in Salat’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَنَّى لَكَ ذَلِكَ وَ أَنْتَ فِي جَيْشِ أُسَامَةَ وَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَعْلَمُ أَحَداً بَعَثَ إِلَيْكَ وَ لَا أَمَرَكَ بِالصَّلَاةِ
A man from the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww said to him, ‘And how can that be so and you were in the army of Usama? And no, by Allah-azwj, I do not know of anyone having been sent to you, nor you having been instructed with (leading) the Salat?’
ثُمَّ نَادَى النَّاسَ بِلَالٌ فَقَالَ عَلَى رِسْلِكُمْ رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ لِأَسْتَأْذِنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ أَسْرَعَ حَتَّى أَتَى الْبَابَ فَدَقَّهُ دَقّاً شَدِيداً فَسَمِعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا الدَّقُّ الْعَنِيفُ فَانْظُرُوا مَا هُوَ
Then Bilal called the people and said, ‘(It is) upon your messenger, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you all. I shall seek permission to see Rasool-Allah-saww regarding that’. Then he hastened to the door and knocked it severely. Rasool-Allah-saww heard it and said: ‘What is this violent knocking? Go and look what it is’.
قَالَ فَخَرَجَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ فَفَتَحَ الْبَابَ فَإِذَا بِلَالٌ فَقَالَ مَا وَرَاءَكَ يَا بِلَالُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَدْ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ وَ قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ حَتَّى وَقَفَ فِي مَقَامِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ زَعَمَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَمَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ
He (Huzeyfa) said, ‘Al-Fazl Bin Al-Abbas came out and opened the door, and there was Bilal. He said, ‘What is behind you, O Bilal?’ He said, ‘Abu Bakr has entered the Masjid and has proceeded until he has stood in the place of Rasool-Allah-saww and claims that Rasool-Allah-saww had instructed him with that’.
قَالَ أَ وَ لَيْسَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَعَ جَيْشِ أُسَامَةَ هَذَا هُوَ وَ اللَّهِ الشَّرُّ الْعَظِيمُ الَّذِي طَرَقَ الْبَارِحَةَ الْمَدِينَةَ لَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِذَلِكَ وَ دَخَلَ الْفَضْلُ وَ أَدْخَلَ بِلَالًا مَعَهُ فَقَالَ مَا وَرَاءَكَ يَا بِلَالُ فَأَخْبَرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ الْخَبَرَ
He said, ‘Or isn’t Abu Bakr with the army of Usama? By Allah-azwj! This is the mighty evil which knocked Al-Medina last night. Rasool-Allah-saww had informed us with that’. And Al-Fazl entered and Bilal entered with him. He-saww said: ‘What is behind you, O Bilal?’ He informed Rasool-Allah-saww the news.
فَقَالَ أَقِيمُونِي أَقِيمُونِي أَخْرِجُوا بِي إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ قَدْ نَزَلَتْ بِالْإِسْلَامِ نَازِلَةٌ وَ فِتْنَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ مِنَ الْفِتَنِ
He-saww said: ‘Stand me-saww up! Stand me up! Come out with me-saww to the Masjid. By the One-azwj in Whose Hand is my-saww soul! A calamity has descended with Al-Islam and a mighty Fitna (strife) from the Fitnas’.
ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مَعْصُوبَ الرَّأْسَ يَتَهَادَى بَيْنَ عَلِيٍّ وَ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ وَ رِجْلَاهُ تُجَرَّانِ فِي الْأَرْضِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَائِمٌ فِي مَقَامِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ أَطَافَ بِهِ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ وَ سَالِمٌ وَ صُهَيْبٌ وَ النَّفَرُ الَّذِينَ دَخَلُوا وَ أَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ قَدْ وَقَفُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ يَنْتَظِرُونَ مَا يَأْتِي بِلَالٌ
Then he-saww went out, bandaged of the head, wobbling between Ali-asws and Al-Fazl Bin Al-Abbas, and his-saww legs were dragging in the ground, until he-saww entered the Masjid, and Abu Bakr was standing in the place of Rasool-Allah-saww, and Umar and Abu Ubeyda and Saalim and Suheyb and a the number of those who had entered had surround him, and most of the people had refrained from the Salat awaiting what (news) Bilal would be coming with.
فَلَمَّا رَأَى النَّاسُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ وَ هُوَ بِتِلْكَ الْحَالَةِ الْعَظِيمَةِ مِنَ الْمَرَضِ أَعْظَمُوا ذَلِكَ وَ تَقَدَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَجَذَبَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ فَنَحَّاهُ عَنِ الْمِحْرَابِ
When the people saw Rasool-Allah-saww to have entered the Masjid, and he-saww was in that grievous state from the illness, they considered that grievous, and Rasool-Allah-saww moved forward and pulled Abu Bakr from his behind and pushed him aside from the prayer niche.
وَ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ النَّفَرُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا مَعَهُ فَتَوَارَوْا خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ فَصَلَّوْا خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ وَ بِلَالٌ يُسْمِعُ النَّاسَ التَّكْبِيرَ حَتَّى قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ
And Abu Bakr and the number of those who had been with him, they lurked behind Rasool-Allah-saww, and the people came and prayed Salat behind Rasool-Allah-saww, and he-saww was seated, and Bilal made people hear the exclamation of Takbeer until he-saww had fulfilled his-saww Salat.
ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ فَلَمْ يَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَ لَا تَعْجَبُونَ مِنِ ابْنِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ الَّذِينَ أَنْفَذْتُهُمْ وَ جَعَلْتُهُمْ تَحْتَ يَدَيْ أُسَامَةَ وَ أَمَرْتُهُمْ بِالْمَسِيرِ إِلَى الْوَجْهِ الَّذِي وُجِّهُوا إِلَيْهِ فَخَالَفُوا ذَلِكَ وَ رَجَعُوا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ابْتِغَاءَ الْفِتْنَةِ أَلَا وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَرْكَسَهُمْ فِيهَا اعْرُجُوا بِي إِلَى الْمِنْبَرِ
Then Rasool-Allah-saww turned, but did not see Abu Bakr, so he-saww said: ‘O you people! Are you not wondering from the son of Abu Qohafa and his companions, those whom I-saww had sent and made them to be under the hand of Usama, and had ordered them with the journeying to the direction which I-saww had diverted to? But, they opposed that and returned to Al-Medina seeking the Fitna. Indeed! And surely Allah-azwj had Arranged for them to be in it. Ascend me-saww to the pulpit!’
فَقَامَ وَ هُوَ مَرْبُوطٌ حَتَّى قَعَدَ عَلَى أَدْنَى مِرْقَاةٍ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي قَدْ جَاءَنِي مِنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّي مَا النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ صَائِرُونَ وَ إِنِّي قَدْ تَرَكْتُكُمْ عَلَى الْحُجَّةِ الْوَاضِحَةِ لَيْلُهَا كَنَهَارِهَا فَلَا تَخْتَلِفُوا مِنْ بَعْدِي كَمَا اخْتَلَفَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
He-saww stood up and he-saww was wrapped up, until he-saww sat upon the lowest step. He-azwj praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, then said: ‘O you people! Surely there has come to me-saww from the Commands of my-saww Lord-azwj what the people are patient to it, and I-saww am leaving you all upon the Divine Authority, its night is as clear as its day, so do not differ from after me-saww just as the ones before you from the children of Israel had differed.
أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ لَا أُحِلُّ لَكُمْ إِلَّا مَا أَحَلَّهُ الْقُرْآنُ وَ لَا أُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْكُمْ إِلَّا مَا حَرَّمَهُ الْقُرْآنُ وَ إِنِّي مُخَلِّفٌ فِيكُمُ الثَّقَلَيْنِ مَا إِنْ تَمَسَّكْتُمْ بِهِمَا لَنْ تَضِلُّوا وَ لَنْ تَزِلُّوا كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَ عِتْرَتِي أَهْلَ بَيْتِي
O you people! Surely, there is nothing permissible to you except what the Quran has Permitted, nor prohibited unto you except what the Quran has Prohibited, and I-saww am leaving behind among you the two weighty things, what if you were to adhered with these two, you will never go astray and never slip – Book of Allah-azwj and my-saww family, People-asws of my-saww Household.
هُمَا الْخَلِيفَتَانِ فِيكُمْ وَ إِنَّهُمَا لَنْ يَفْتَرِقَا حَتَّى يَرِدَا عَلَيَّ الْحَوْضَ فَأُسَائِلُكُمْ بِمَا ذَا خَلَفْتُمُونِي فِيهِمَا وَ لَيُذَادَنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ رِجَالٌ عَنْ حَوْضِي كَمَا تُذَادُ الْغَرِيبَةُ مِنَ الْإِبِلَ فَتَقُولُ رِجَالٌ أَنَا فُلَانٌ وَ أَنَا فُلَانٌ فَأَقُولُ أَمَّا الْأَسْمَاءَ فَقَدْ عَرَفْتُ وَ لَكِنَّكُمُ ارْتَدَدْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي فَسُحْقاً لَكُمْ سُحْقاً
These are the two caliphs (replacements) among you, and they will never separate until they return to me-saww at the Fountain, so I-saww shall ask you all, what is that you dealt with me-saww regarding these two, and men would be impeded from my-saww Fountain just as the strange camel, so men would say, ‘I am so and so’, so I-saww would be saying: ‘As for the names, I-saww have recognise, but you reneged from after me-saww, so remoteness be for you all, remoteness!’
ثُمَّ نَزَلَ عَنِ الْمِنْبَرِ وَ عَادَ إِلَى حُجْرَتِهِ وَ لَمْ يَظْهَرْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ لَا أَصْحَابُهُ حَتَّى قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ كَانَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ سَعْدٍ مِنَ السَّقِيفَةِ مَا كَانَ فَمَنَعُوا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّهِمْ حُقُوقَهُمُ الَّتِي جَعَلَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُمْ
Then he-saww descended from the pulpit and returned to his-saww chamber, and neither Abu Bakr nor his companions appeared until Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, and it happened from the Helpers, and (clan of) Sa’ad, from the Saqeefa what happened. They deprived the People-asws of the Household their rights which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Made it to be for them.
وَ أَمَّا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ فَمَزَّقُوهُ كُلَّ مُمَزَّقٍ وَ فِيمَا أَخْبَرْتُكَ يَا أَخَا الْأَنْصَارِ مِنْ خَطْبٍ مُعْتَبَرٍ لِمَنْ أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ هِدَايَتَهُ
And as for the Book of Allah-azwj, they tore it with every tearing, and among what I have informed you, O brother of Ansaar, is from a reliable address for the one whom Allah-azwj Loves to Guide him’.
فَقَالَ الْفَتَى سَمِّ لِيَ الْقَوْمَ الْآخَرِينَ الَّذِينَ حَضَرُوا الصَّحِيفَةَ وَ شَهِدُوا فِيهَا
The youth said: ‘Name for me the other group, those who attended the agreement and bore witness in it’.
فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَ عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ خَلَفٍ وَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْعَاصِ وَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَ عَيَّاشُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ وَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ وَ صُهَيْبُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ وَ أَبُو الْأَعْوَرِ السُّلَمِيُّ وَ مُطِيعُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ الْمَدَرِيُّ وَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ مِمَّنْ سَقَطَ عَنِّي إِحْصَاءُ عَدَدِهِمْ
Huzeyfa said, ‘Abu Sufyan, and Ikrimah Bin Abu Jahl, and Safwan Bin Umayya Bin Khalaf, and Saeed Bin Al Aas, and Khalid Bin Al Waleed, and Ayyash Bin Abu Rabie, and Bashir Bin Sa’ad, and Suheyl Bin Amro, and Hakeem Bin Hizam, and Suheyb Bin Sinan, and Abu Al Awr Al Sulamy, and Mutie Bin Al-Aswad Al-Madary, and a group of those from the ones who number count is dropped from me (cannot remember)’.
فَقَالَ الْفَتَى يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مَا هَؤُلَاءِ فِي أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى قَدِ انْقَلَبَ النَّاسُ أَجْمَعُونَ بِسَبَبِهِمْ
The youth said, ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! They are not from the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww until all the people had overturned due to them?’
فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ رُءُوسُ الْقَبَائِلِ وَ أَشْرَافُهَا وَ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ إِلَّا وَ مَعَهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ خَلْقٌ عَظِيمٌ يَسْمَعُونَ لَهُ وَ يُطِيعُونَ وَ أُشْرِبُوا فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مِنْ حُبِّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ كَمَا أُشْرِبَ قُلُوبُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنْ حُبِّ الْعِجْلِ وَ السَّامِرِيِّ حَتَّى تَرَكُوا هَارُونَ وَ اسْتَضْعَفُوهُ
Huzeyfa said, ‘They were the chiefs of the tribes and their nobles, and there was no man from them except and with him were a lot of people listening to him, and obeying, and drinking in their hearts the love of Abu Bakr just as the hearts of the children of Israel had drunk from the love of the calf and Al-Samiri-la, until they left Haroun-as and weakened him-as.
قَالَ الْفَتَى فَإِنِّي أُقْسِمُ بِاللَّهِ حَقّاً حَقّاً أَنِّي لَا أَزَالُ لَهُمْ مُبْغِضاً وَ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ وَ مِنْ أَفْعَالِهِمْ مُتَبَرِّئاً وَ لَا زِلْتُ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مُتَوَالِياً وَ لِأَعَادِيهِ مُعَادِياً وَ لَأَلْحَقَنَّ بِهِ وَ إِنِّي لَأُؤَمِّلُ أَنْ أُرْزَقَ الشَّهَادَةَ مَعَهُ وَشِيكاً إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى
The youth said, ‘I hereby swear by Allah-azwj, truly, truly, I will not decline my hatred for them and disavowing to Allah-azwj from them and from their deeds, nor cease being a friend to Amir Al-Momineen-asws and an enemy to his-asws enemies, and I shall join up with him and be hopeful to be Graced the martyrdom with him-asws immediately, if Allah-azwj the Exalted so Desires’.
ثُمَّ وَدَّعَ حُذَيْفَةَ وَ قَالَ هَذَا وَجْهِي إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَخَرَجَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَ اسْتَقْبَلَهُ وَ قَدْ شَخَصَ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ يُرِيدُ الْعِرَاقَ فَسَارَ مَعَهُ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ فَلَمَّا الْتَقَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَعَ أَصْحَابِ الْجَمَلِ كَانَ ذَلِكَ الْفَتَى أَوَّلَ مَنْ قُتِلَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Then he bade Huzeyfa farewell and said, ‘This is my direction to Amir Al-Momineen-asws’. He went out to Al-Medina and met him-asws, and he-asws had determined to go out from Al-Medina intending Al-Iraq. He travelled with him-asws to Al-Basra. When Amir Al-Momineen-asws met (in battle) with the companions of the camel (Ayesha’s army), that youth was the first to be killed from the companions of Amir Al-Momineen-asws.
وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا صَافَّ الْقَوْمُ وَ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى الْحَرْبِ أَحَبَّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنْ يَسْتَظْهِرَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِدُعَائِهِمْ إِلَى الْقُرْآنِ وَ حُكْمِهِ فَدَعَا بِمُصْحَفٍ وَ قَالَ مَنْ يَأْخُذُ هَذَا الْمُصْحَفَ يَعْرِضُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى مَا فِيهِ فَيُحْيِيَ مَا أَحْيَاهُ وَ يُمِيتَ مَا أَمَاتَهُ
And that is because when the people formed rows (to battle) and they gathered upon the war, Amir Al-Momineen-asws loved to present to them by calling them to the Quran and its Judgment. He-asws called for the Parchment and said: ‘One who takes with this Parchment, present it to them and call them to what is in it, so keep alive the one it keeps alive, and kill what it kills’.
قَالَ وَ قَدْ شَرَعَتِ الرِّمَاحُ بَيْنَ الْعَسْكَرَيْنِ حَتَّى لَوْ أَرَادَ امْرُؤٌ أَنْ يَمْشِيَ عَلَيْهَا لَمَشَى
He (the narrator) said, ‘And the lancing (with spears) had already started between the soldiers to the extent that if a person had wanted to walk to it, would have walked.
قَالَ فَقَامَ الْفَتَى فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنَا آخُذُهُ وَ أَعْرِضُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ أَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى مَا فِيهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘The youth stood up and said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! I shall take it and present it to them, and call them to what is in it’.
قَالَ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع ثُمَّ نَادَى الثَّانِيَةَ مَنْ يَأْخُذُ هَذَا الْمُصْحَفَ فَيَعْرِضَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ يَدْعُوَهُمْ إِلَى مَا فِيهِ فَلَمْ يَقُمْ إِلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ فَقَامَ الْفَتَى وَ قَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنَا آخُذُهُ وَ أَعْرِضُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ أَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى مَا فِيهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws turned away from him. Then he-asws called out for a second time: ‘One will take this Parchment and present it to them and call them to what is in it?’ But, no one stood up to him. The youth stood up and said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! I shall take it and present it to them and call them to what is in it’.
قَالَ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع ثُمَّ نَادَى الثَّالِثَةَ فَلَمْ يَقُمْ إِلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِلَّا الْفَتَى وَ قَالَ أَنَا آخُذُهُ وَ أَعْرِضُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ أَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى مَا فِيهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws turned away from him. Then he-asws called out for a third time, but no one from the people stood up to him-asws except the youth, and said, ‘I shall take it and present it to them, and call them to what is in it’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِنَّكَ إِنْ فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّكَ لَمَقْتُولٌ فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَا شَيْءٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُرْزَقَ الشَّهَادَةَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَ أَنْ أُقْتَلَ فِي طَاعَتِكَ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘You, if you were to do that, you will be killed’. He said, ‘By Allah-azwj, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! There is nothing more beloved to me than to be graced the martyrdom in front of you-asws, and to be killed in obedience to you-asws’.
فَأَعْطَاهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع الْمُصْحَفَ فَتَوَجَّهَ بِهِ نَحْوَ عَسْكَرِهِمْ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ قَالَ إِنَّ الْفَتَى مِمَّنْ حَشَا اللَّهُ قَلْبَهُ نُوراً وَ إِيمَاناً وَ هُوَ مَقْتُولٌ وَ لَقَدْ أَشْفَقْتُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ لَنْ يُفْلِحَ الْقَوْمُ بَعْدَ قَتَلِهِمْ إِيَّاهُ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws gave him the Parchment and he headed with it around their soldiers. Amir Al-Momineen-asws looked at him and said: ‘The youth is from the ones Allah-azwj has Crammed his heart with Noor and Eman, and he will be killed, and I-asws was compassionate upon him from that, and the people will never be successful after their killing him’.
فَمَضَى الْفَتَى بِالْمُصْحَفِ حَتَّى وَقَفَ بِإِزَاءِ عَسْكَرِ عَائِشَةَ وَ طَلْحَةُ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ حِينَئِذٍ عَنْ يَمِينِ الْهَوْدَجِ وَ شِمَالِهِ وَ كَانَ لَهُ صَوْتٌ فَنَادَى بِأَعْلَا صَوْتِهِ مَعَاشِرَ النَّاسِ هَذَا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ الْحُكْمِ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ فَأَنِيبُوا إِلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَ الْعَمَلِ بِكِتَابِهِ
The youth went with the Parchment until he paused parallel to the soldiers of Ayesha, and Talha and Al-Zubeyr then were on the right and left of the carriage (carrying Ayesha), and there was a (loud) voice for him. He called out at the top of his voice, ‘Community of people! This is the Book of Allah-azwj, and Amir Al-Momineen-asws is calling you to the Book of Allah-azwj and the Judgment with what Allah-azwj has Revealed in it, therefore come to the obedience of Allah-azwj and the acting (in accordance) with His-azwj Book!’
قَالَ وَ كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَ طَلْحَةُ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ يَسْمَعُونَ قَوْلَهُ فَأَمْسَكُوا فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ أَهْلُ عَسْكَرِهِمْ بَادَرُوا إِلَى الْفَتَى وَ الْمُصْحَفُ فِي يَمِينِهِ فَقَطَعُوا يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى فَتَنَاوَلَ الْمُصْحَفَ بِيَدِهِ الْيُسْرَى وَ نَادَاهُمْ بِأَعْلَا صَوْتِهِ مِثْلَ نِدَائِهِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And Ayesha, and Talha and Al-Zubeyr were listening to his words, and they withheld. When people of their army saw that, they rushed towards the youth, and the Parchment was in his right hand, and they cut off his right hand. So he grabbed the Parchment with his left hand and called out to them at the top of his voice like his call the first time.
فَبَادَرُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ قَطَعُوا يَدَهُ الْيُسْرَى فَتَنَاوَلَ الْمُصْحَفَ وَ احْتَضَنَهُ وَ دِمَاؤُهُ تَجْرِي عَلَيْهِ وَ نَادَاهُمْ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فَشَدُّوا عَلَيْهِ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَ وَقَعَ مَيِّتاً فَقَطَعُوهُ إِرْباً إِرْباً وَ لَقَدْ رَأَيْنَا شَحْمَ بَطْنِهِ أَصْفَرَ
They rushed towards him and cut off his left hand. He grabbed the Parchment and embraced it, and his blood was flowing upon it, and called them similar to that. They attacked upon him and killed him, and he fell down dead. They cut him into pieces and pieces, and we saw the fat of his belly as pale.
قَالَ وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَاقِفٌ يَرَاهُمْ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ وَ قَالَ إِنِّي وَ اللَّهِ مَا كُنْتُ فِي شَكٍّ وَ لَا لَبْسٍ مِنْ ضَلَالَةِ الْقَوْمِ وَ بَاطِلِهِمْ وَ لَكِنْ أَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمْ جَمِيعاً ذَلِكَ مِنْ بَعْدِ قَتْلِهِمُ الرَّجُلَ الصَّالِحَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And Amir Al-Momineen-asws was standing, seeing them. He-asws turned towards his-asws companions and said: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws was not in doubt nor clouded from the straying of the people and their falsehood, but I-asws loved to manifest that to you all, from after their killing the righteous man’.
حَكِيمَ بْنَ جَبَلَةَ الْعَبْدِيَّ فِي رِجَالٍ صَالِحِينَ مَعَهُ وَ تَضَاعُفُ ذُنُوبِهِمْ بِهَذَا الْفَتَى وَ هُوَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ الْحُكْمِ بِهِ وَ الْعَمَلِ بِمُوجَبِهِ فَثَارُوا إِلَيْهِ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَ لَا يَرْتَابُ بِقَتْلِهِمْ مُسْلِمٌ وَ وَقَدَتِ الْحَرْبُ وَ اشْتَدَّتْ
Hakeem Bin Jabala Al Abdy was among the righteous men with him and their sins are multiplied due to this youth and he was calling them to Book of Allah-azwj and the Judgment with it, and the acting with its Obligations. But they rushed to him and killed him, and no Muslim was doubtful of their killing, and the war ignited and intensified.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع احْمِلُوا بِأَجْمَعِكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِسْمِ اللَّهُ حم لَا يُنْصَرُونَ وَ حَمَلَ هُوَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَ الْحَسَنَانِ وَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مَعَهُ فَغَاصَ فِي الْقَوْمِ بِنَفْسِهِ فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانَ إِلَّا سَاعَةٌ مِنْ نَهَارٍ حَتَّى رَأَيْنَا الْقَوْمَ كُلَّهُ شَلَايَا يَمِيناً وَ شِمَالًا صَرْعَى تَحْتَ سَنَابِكِ الْخَيْلِ
Amir Al Momineen-asws said: ‘All of you attack upon them, in the Name of Allah-azwj, Ha Meem [40:1], they will not be helped’. And he-asws attacked by himself-asws, and Al Hassan-asws and Al Husayn-asws, and companions of Rasool-Allah-saww were with him-asws. He-asws plunged into the people by himself-asws. By Allah-azwj! It was not except an hour from the day until we saw the people, all of them running right and left falling under the hooves of the horses.
وَ رَجَعَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مُؤَيَّداً مَنْصُوراً وَ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ مَنَحَهُ أَكْتَافَهُمْ وَ أَمَرَ بِذَلِكَ الْفَتَى وَ جَمِيعِ مَنْ قُتِلَ مَعَهُ فَلُفُّوا فِي ثِيَابِهِمْ بِدِمَائِهِمْ لَمْ تُنْزَعْ عَنْهُمْ ثِيَابُهُمْ وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِمْ وَ دَفَنَهُمْ
And Amir Al Momineen-asws returned aided, helped, and Allah-azwj Granted victory to him-asws, and Gave him their shoulders, and instructed with that youth, and the entirety of the ones killed with him, so they were wrapped in their clothes in their blood, not removing their clothes from them, and prayed Salat upon them, and buried them.
وَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ لَا يُجْهِزُوا عَلَى جَرِيحٍ وَ لَا يَتَّبِعُوا لَهُمْ مُدْبِراً وَ أَمَرَ بِمَا حَوَى الْعَسْكَرُ فَجُمِعَ لَهُ فَقَسَمَهُ بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِهِ
And he-asws instructed them that they should neither pounce upon an injured one, nor pursue any fleer of theirs, and instructed with whatever soldiers had possessed, and it was gathered to him-asws and he-asws distributed it between his-asws companions.
وَ أَمَرَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنْ يُدْخِلَ أُخْتَهُ الْبَصْرَةَ فَيُقِيمَ بِهَا أَيَّاماً ثُمَّ يُرَحِّلَهَا إِلَى مَنْزِلِهَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ
And he instructed Muhammad Bin Abu Bakr that he enters his sister (Ayesha) into Al Basra, stay at it for a few days, then send her to her house at Al Medina.
قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ كُنْتُ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ حَرْبَ أَهْلِ الْجَمَلِ فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتِ الْحَرْبُ أَوْزَارَهَا رَأَيْتُ أُمَّ ذَلِكَ الْفَتَى وَاقِفَةً عَلَيْهِ فَجَعَلَتْ تَبْكِي عَلَيْهِ وَ تُقَبِّلُهُ وَ أَنْشَأَتْ تَقُولُ
Abdullah Bin Salama said, ‘I was from the ones who attended the battle of the people of the camel. When the war placed its burdens (ended), I saw the mother of that youth standing at him, and she went on to cry upon him, and kissing him, and she prosed saying,
| يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ مُسْلِماً أَتَاهُمْ- | يَتْلُو كِتَابَ اللَّهِ لَا يَخْشَاهُمْ- | |
| يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِالْأَمْرِ مِنْ مَوْلَاهُمْ | فَخَضَبُوا مِنْ دَمِهِ قَنَاهُمْ- | |
| وَ أُمُّهُمْ قَائِمَةٌ تَرَاهُمْ- | تَأْمُرُهُمْ بِالْغَيِّ لَا تَنْهَاهُمْ |
‘O Lord-azwj! He came to the Muslims reciting the Book of Allah-azwj, not fearing them, enjoining them with the command from their Master-asws, but they dyed their spear from his blood, and his mother was standing looking at them instructing with the error, not forbidding them’’.[13]
– أَقُولُ وَجَدْتُ فِي كِتَابِ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ عَنْهُ قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ مَرِضَ مَرَضاً عَلَى عَهْدِ عُمَرَ فِي إِمَارَتِهِ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ عُمَرُ يَعُودُهُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ سَلْمَانُ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ قَدْ أَوْصَى أَبُو ذَرٍّ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع وَ كَتَبَ وَ أَشْهَدَ
I (Majlisi) am saying , ‘I found in the book of Suleym Bin Qays – From Aban Bin Ayyash, from his who said,
‘I attended Abu Zarr-ra who fell ill in the era of Umar during his rule. Umar entered to console him-ra and with him-ra were Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and Salman-ra and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra had bequeathed to Ali-asws, and it was written and witnessed.
فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ عُمَرُ قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ أَبِي ذَرٍّ مِنْ بَنِي عَمِّهِ بَنِي غِفَارٍ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُوصِيَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عُمَرَ
When Umar went out, a man from the family of Abu Zarr-ra, from the clan of his-ra uncle, clan of Ghifar, said, ‘What prevented you from bequeathing to the amir al-momineen Umar?’
قَالَ قَدْ أَوْصَيْتُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَقّاً أَمَرَنَا بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ نَحْنُ ثَمَانُونَ رَجُلًا أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَ أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْعَجَمِ فَسَلَّمْنَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِينَا هَذَا الْقَائِمُ الَّذِي سَمَّيْتَهُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
He-ra said, ‘I-ra have bequeathed to the true Amir Al Momineen Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered us with it, and we were eighty men – forty men from the Arabs and forty men from the non-Arabs. We greeted unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al Momineen’. He was standing among us, the one whom you named as ‘Amir Al Momineen’.
وَ مَا أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَ لَا مِنَ الْمَوَالِي الْعَجَمِ رَاجَعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص إِلَّا هَذَا وَ صُوَيْحَبُهُ الَّذِي اسْتَخْلَفَهُ فَإِنَّهُمَا قَالا أَ حَقٌّ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ حَقٌّ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ أَمَرَنِيَ اللَّهُ بِذَلِكَ فَآمُرُكُمْ بِهِ
And there was no one, neither from the Arabs nor from the friends of the non-Arabs retorting Rasool-Allah-saww except this one and his companion who made him a caliph. They said, ‘Is this a truth from Allah-azwj and from His-azwj Rasool-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Yes, a truth from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww. Allah-azwj Commanded me-saww with that, so I-saww ordered you all with it’.
قَالَ سُلَيْمٌ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ وَ أَنْتَ يَا سَلْمَانُ وَ أَنْتَ يَا مِقْدَادُ تَقُولُونَ كَمَا قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ قَالُوا نَعَمْ صَدَقَ قُلْتُ أَرْبَعَةُ عُدُولٍ وَ لَوْ لَمْ يُحَدِّثْنِي غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مَا شَكَكْتُ فِي صِدْقِهِ وَ لَكِنَّ أَرْبَعَتَكُمْ أَشَدُّ لِنَفْسِي وَ بَصِيرَتِي
Suleym said, ‘O Abu Al Hassan-asws! And you Salman-ra, and you Miqdad-ra are saying just as Abu Zarr-ra has said?’ They said, ‘He-ra speaks the truth’. I said, ‘Four just ones, and even if one had narrated to me, I would not have doubted in his truthfulness, but the four of you have strengthened myself, and my insight’.
قُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ أَ تُسَمُّونَ الثَّمَانِينَ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَ الْمَوَالِي فَسَمَّاهُمْ سَلْمَانُ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ صَدَقَ سَلْمَانُ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ مَغْفِرَتُهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَيْهِمْ
I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-ra well! Can you name the eighty from the Arans and the friends?’ Salman-ra named them, man by man. Ali-asws, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al Miqdad-ra said, ‘Salman-ra speaks the truth, may Allah-azwj and Mercy on him-ra and Forgive him-ra and them’.
فَكَانَ مِمَّنْ سَمَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ وَ سَالِمٌ وَ الْخَمْسَةُ مِنَ الشُّورَي وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى وَ الْخَمْسَةُ أَصْحَابُ الصَّحِيفَةِ وَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ وَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ وَ الْبَاقِي مِنْ صَحَابَةِ الْعَقَبَةِ وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ وَ النُّقَبَاءُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْعَقَبَةِ وَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ جُلُّهُمْ وَ عُظْمُهُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ وَ عُظْمُهُمْ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِيهِمْ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التَّيِّهَانِ وَ خَالِدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ وَ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ
From those that hear (Salman) named were – Abu Bakr, and Umar, and Abu Ubeyda, and Ma’az, and Saalim, and the five of the companions of the consultative council (Al-Shura), and Amaar Bin Yaasir, and Sa’d Bin Abaada, and the remaining ones of the companions of Al-Uqba, and Ubay Bin Ka’ab, and Abu Zarrar, and Al-Miqdadar, and the remaining ones of the majority from the people of Badr and most of them were from the Helpers, among them were Abu Al-Haysam Bin Al-Tayhaan, and Khalid Bin Zayd Abu Ayyub, and Asied Bin Hazeyr, and Bashir Bin Saeed.
قَالَ سُلَيْمٌ فَأَظُنُّنِي قَدْ لَقِيتُ عِلْيَتَهُمْ فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ وَ خَلَوْتُ بِهِمْ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ سَكَتَ عَنِّي فَلَمْ يُجِبْنِي بِشَيْءٍ وَ كَتَمَنِي وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ حَدَّثَنِي
Suleym said, ‘I think I met them (all) and asked them, and was alone with them, many by man. From them was one who remained silent from me and did not answer me with anything and concealed from me; and form them was one who narrated to me’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَصَابَتْنَا فِتْنَةٌ أَخَذَتْ بِقُلُوبِنَا وَ أَسْمَاعِنَا وَ أَبْصَارِنَا وَ ذَلِكَ لَمَّا ادَّعَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ أَكْرَمَنَا اللَّهُ وَ اخْتَارَ لَنَا الْآخِرَةَ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَبَى أَنْ يَجْمَعَ لَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةَ وَ الْخِلَافَةَ
Then he said, ‘Fitna afflicted us, seizing our hearts, and our hearing, and our sights, and that is when Abu Bakr claimed that he heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying after that: ‘We-asws, People-asws of the Household, Allah-azwj has Honoured us-asws, and has Chosen the Hereafter to be for us-asws over the world, and that Allah-azwj Refused to Gather for us-asws, People-asws of the Household, the Prophet-hood and the caliphate’.
فَاحْتَجَّ بِذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع حِينَ جِيءَ بِهِ لِلْبَيْعَةِ وَ صَدَّقَهُ وَ شَهِدَ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةٌ كَانُوا عِنْدَنَا خِيَاراً غَيْرَ مُتَّهَمِينَ مِنْهُمْ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ وَ سَالِمٌ وَ عُمَرُ وَ مُعَاذٌ وَ ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ صَدَقُوا
Abu Bakr argued by that upon Ali-asws when they came with him-asws for the allegiance, and they ratified him, and there testified for him forty (of them) who were good ones in our view, not indicted. From them was Ubeyda, and Saalim, and Umar, and Muaz, and we thought they had spoken the truth.
فَلَمَّا بَايَعَ عَلِيٌّ ع خَبَّرَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ مَا قَالَهُ وَ أَخْبَرَ أَنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْخَمْسَةَ كَتَبُوا بَيْنَهُمْ كِتَاباً تَعَاهَدُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ تَعَاقَدُوا فِي ظِلِّ الْكَعْبَةِ إِنْ مَاتَ مُحَمَّدٌ أَوْ قُتِلَ أَنْ يَتَظَاهَرُوا عَلَيَّ فَيَزْوُوا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ وَ اسْتَشْهَدَ أَرْبَعَةً سَلْمَانَ وَ أَبَا ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادَ وَ الزُّبَيْرَ
It was only when Ali-asws was pledged allegiance to, we were informed that Rasool-Allah-saww had said what he-saww had said, and we were informed that these five had written a letter between them pacting upon it, and agreed upon in the shade of the Kabah that if Muhammad-saww dies or is killed, they would overpower Ali-asws and impede this caliphate, and four of them testified to this (statement of Ali-asws)– Salman-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra and Al-Zubayr.
وَ شَهِدُوا لَهُ بَعْدَ مَا وَجَبَتْ فِي أَعْنَاقِنَا لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ بَيْعَتُهُ الْمَلْعُونَةُ الضَّالَّةُ فَعَلِمْنَا أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَرْوِيَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بَاطِلًا وَ شَهِدَ لَهُ الْأَخْيَارُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ السَّلَامُ
And we realised (the Fitna), afterwards, when Abu Bakr’s accursed and erroneous allegiance was forced onto our necks then we came to know that Ali-asws would never report from Rasool-Allah-saww any falsehood, and testified to him-asws as being the best of the companions of Muhammad-saww.
فَقَالَ جُلُّ مَنْ قَالَ هَذِهِ الْمَقَالَةَ إِنَّا تَدَبَّرْنَا الْأَمْرَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَذَكَرْنَا قَوْلَ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ ع وَ نَحْنُ نَسْمَعُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ أَرْبَعَةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِي وَ أَمَرَنِي بِحُبِّهِمْ وَ إِنَّ الْجَنَّةَ تَشْتَاقُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقُلْنَا مَنْ هُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
Most of them said these words, ‘We reconsidered the matter after that and we remembered the words of the Prophet-saww – and we heard: ‘Allah-azwj Loves four of my-saww companions and Ordered me-saww for their love and that the Paradise is eagerly awaiting them’. We said, ‘Who are they, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’
فَقَالَ أَخِي وَ وَزِيرِي وَ وَارِثِي وَ خَلِيفَتِي فِي أُمَّتِي وَ وَلِيُّ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ
He-saww said: ‘My-saww brother, and my-saww Vizier, and my-saww inheritor, and my-saww Caliph in my-saww community, and the Guardian of every believer after me-saww, Ali-asws bin Abu Talib-asws, and Salman Al-Farsi-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-ra’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَلَا إِنَّ عَلِيّاً مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَا إِنَّ عَلِيّاً مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَا إِنَّ عَلِيّاً مِنْهُمْ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ سَلْمَانُ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ
And in another report – He-saww said: ‘Indeed, Ali-asws is from them’. Then he-saww was silent, then said: ‘‘Indeed, Ali-asws is from them’. Then he-saww was silent, ‘Indeed, Ali-asws is from them, and Abu Zarr-ra and Salman-ra, and Al Miqdad-ra’.
وَ إِنَّا نَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَ نَتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ مِمَّا رَكِبْنَاهُ وَ مِمَّا أَتَيْنَاهُ
And we seek Forgiveness of Allah-azwj and repent to Him-azwj from what we have done and come up with.
قَدْ سَمِعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ قَوْلًا لَمْ نَعْلَمْ تَأْوِيلَهُ وَ مَعْنَاهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً قَالَ لَيَرِدَنَّ عَلَيَّ الْحَوْضَ أَقْوَامٌ مِمَّنْ صَحِبَنِي وَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَكَانَةِ مِنِّي وَ الْمَنْزِلَةِ عِنْدِي حَتَّى إِذَا وَقَفُوا عَلَى مَرَاتِبِهِمُ اخْتُلِسُوا دُونِي وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ اخْتُلِجُوا دُونِي وَ أُخِذَ بِهِمْ ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ فَأَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ أَصْحَابِي أَصْحَابِي فَيُقَالُ إِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي مَا أَحْدَثُوا بَعْدَكَ وَ إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَزَالُوا مُرْتَدِّينَ عَلَى أَدْبَارِهِمُ الْقَهْقَرَى مُنْذُ فَارَقْتَهُمْ
And we have heard from Rasool-Allah-saww saying certain words that we do not understand its explanation except as good. He-saww said: ‘A group of my-saww companions will come to me-saww at the Fountain, and they will be those who had status with me-saww and a position, until they will pause in accordance with their ranks, and they will see me-saww and come nearer to me-saww. They will be grabbed and sent to the left. I-saww will say: ‘O Lord-azwj, my-saww companions, my-saww companions! It will be said to me-saww: ‘You-saww don’t know what they have done after you-saww. They did not cease to be apostates, turning on their backs, going backwards since you-saww separated from them’.
وَ لَعَمْرُنَا لَوْ أَنَّا حِينَ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص سَلَّمْنَا الْأَمْرَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَأَطَعْنَاهُ وَ تَابَعْنَاهُ وَ بَايَعْنَاهُ لَرَشَدْنَا وَ اهْتَدَيْنَا وَ وُفِّقْنَا
And as for our affairs, had we – since the passing away of Rasool-Allah-saww – submitted our affairs to Ali-asws and obeyed him-asws, and followed him-asws, and paid allegiance to him-asws, he-asws would keep us on the right path, and guided us, and harmonise us.
وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ قَضَى الِاخْتِلَافَ وَ الْفُرْقَةَ وَ الْبَلَاءَ فَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَا عَلِمَ اللَّهُ وَ قَضَى وَ قَدَّرَ
However, Allah-azwj Ordained it (in order to test the righteous ones) that there should be differentiation, and (due to that people are divided into) the sects and the (subjected to) afflictions. Thus it had to take place, as it was in the Knowledge of Allah-azwj and the fate and the destiny (as per actions of the nation)’.
سُلَيْمُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ قَالَ فَشَهِدْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ بِالرَّبَذَةِ حِينَ سَيَّرَهُ عُثْمَانُ وَ أَوْصَى إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فِي أَهْلِهِ وَ مَالِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَائِلٌ لَوْ كُنْتَ أَوْصَيْتَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عُثْمَانَ فَقَالَ قَدْ أَوْصَيْتُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَ السَّلَامُ سَلَّمْنَا عَلَيْهِ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
Sulaym Bin Qays said, ‘I saw Abu Zarr-ra at Al-Rabza when Usman exiled him-ra, and he-ra bequeathed to Ali-asws with regards to his-ra family and his-ra belongings. Someone said to him, ‘If only you had bequeathed to Amir-ul-Momineen Usman’. He-ra said, ‘I-ra have bequeathed to the Amir-ul-Momineen-asws who is the true Amir-ul-Momineen, Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. We had greeted him-asws as ‘Amir-ul-Momineen’ in the era of Rasool-Allah-saww by the Command of Allah-azwj.
بِأَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ ص لَنَا سَلِّمُوا عَلَى أَخِي وَ وَزِيرِي وَ وَارِثِي وَ خَلِيفَتِي فِي أُمَّتِي وَ وَلِيِّ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ بَعْدِي بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَإِنَّهُ زِرُّ الْأَرْضِ الَّذِي تَسْكُنُ إِلَيْهِ وَ لَوْ قَدْ فَقَدْتُمُوهُ أَنْكَرْتُمُ الْأَرْضَ وَ أَهْلَهَا
He-saww said to us: ‘Greet my-saww brother, and my-saww Vizier, and my-saww inheritor, and my-saww Caliph in my-saww community, and my-saww guardian of every believer after me-saww, as ‘Amir-ul-Momineen’, for he-asws is reason by which the earth is in a tranquil state, if you were to lose him-asws the earth would refuse to carry you an its inhabitants.
فَرَأَيْتُ عِجْلَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ وَ سَامِرِيَهَا رَاجَعَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالا حَقٌّ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ فَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ قَالَ حَقٌّ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ أَمَرَنِي بِذَلِكَ
I saw the calf of this community and its Samiri rebuking Rasool-Allah-saww saying, ‘Is this truth from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww?’ Rasool-Allah-saww got angered by it and said: ‘It is truth from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww. Allah-azwj Command me-saww for that’.
فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَا عَلَيْهِ أَقْبَلَا عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِمَا سَالِمٍ وَ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ حِينَ خَرَجَا مِنْ بَيْتِ عَلِيٍّ ع مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا سَلَّمَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالا لَهُمْ مَا بَالُ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ مَا زَالَ رَفَعَ خَسِيسَةَ ابْنِ عَمِّهِ وَ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا إِنَّهُ أَمَّرَ ابْنَ عَمِّهِ وَ قَالَ الْجَمِيعُ مَا لَنَا عِنْدَهُ خَيْرٌ مَا بَقِيَ عَلِيٌّ
When we had greeted him-asws, the two of them went to their companions Ma’az, and Saalim, and Abu Ubeyda – when they came out of the House of Ali-asws after having greeted him-asws – so the two of them said to them, ‘What is it with this man-saww, he-saww does not cease to elevate his-asws cousin-asws’. And one of them said, ‘He-saww always makes good the affair of his-saww cousin-asws’. And all of them said, ‘There is no good for us if Ali-asws remains (alive)’.
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ هَذَا التَّسْلِيمُ بَعْدَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ أَوْ قَبْلَهَا قَالَ أَمَّا التَّسْلِيمَةُ الْأُولَى قَبْلَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ وَ أَمَّا التَّسْلِيمَةُ الْأُخْرَى فَبَعْدَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ قُلْتُ فَمُعَاقَدَةُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْخَمْسَةِ مَتَى كَانَ قَالَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ
Sulaym said, ‘I said, ‘O Abu Zarrar, was this greeting before or after the Farewell Hajj?’ Hear said, ‘As for the first greeting, it was before the Farewell Hajj, and as for the other one, it was after the Farewell Hajj’. I said, ‘When was the contract of those five made?’ Hear said, ‘During the Farewell Hajj’.
قُلْتُ أَخْبِرْنِي أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ عَنِ الِاثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَصْحَابِ الْعَقَبَةِ الْمُتَلَثِّمِينَ الَّذِينَ أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَنْفِرُوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص النَّاقَةَ مَتَى كَانَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ بِغَدِيرِ خُمٍّ مَقْفَلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you well, inform me about the twelve companions of Al-Uqba, who had covered their faces and intended to frighten the camel of the Messenger-saww of Allah-azwj, when did that happen?’ Hear said, ‘At Ghadeer Khumm, when Rasool-Allah-saww was returning from the Farewell Hajj’.
قُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ تَعْرِفُهُمْ قَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ كُلَّهُمْ قُلْتُ مِنْ أَيْنَ تَعْرِفُهُمْ وَ قَدْ أَسَرَّهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى حُذَيْفَةَ قَالَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ كَانَ قَائِداً وَ حُذَيْفَةُ سَائِقاً فَأَمَرَ حُذَيْفَةَ بِالْكِتْمَانِ وَ لَمْ يَأْمُرْ بِذَلِكَ عَمَّاراً
I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you well, do you know them?’ He-ra, said, ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj, all of them’. I said, ‘From where did you-ra come to know them and Rasool-Allah-saww had told Huzayfa to keep it a secret?’ He-ra said, ‘Ammar Bin Yaasar was the guide and Huzayfa was the usher, so Huzayfa was ordered for concealment, but that was not the order to Ammar’.
قُلْتُ تُسَمِّيهِمْ لِي قَالَ خَمْسَةٌ أَصْحَابُ الصَّحِيفَةِ وَ الْخَمْسَةُ أَصْحَابُ الشُّورَى وَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ وَ مُعَاوِيَةُ
I said, ‘Can you name them for me?’ He-ra said, ‘Five companions of the agreement, and five companions of the consultative council, and Amr Bin Al-Aas and Muawiya’.
قُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ كَيْفَ تَرَدَّدَ عَمَّارٌ وَ حُذَيْفَةُ فِي أَمْرِهِمْ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حِينَ رَأَيَاهُمْ
I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you well, how come Ammar and Huzayfa hesitated in their affairs after Rasool-Allah-saww, when they had both seen them (companions of Al-Uqba)?’
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى فَكَيْفَ نَزَلَ عَمَّارٌ وَ حُذَيْفَةُ فِي أَمْرِهِمْ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
And in another report: ‘How come Ammar and Huzeyfa descended in their affairs after Rasool-Allah-saww?’
قَالَ إِنَّهُمْ أَظْهَرُوا التَّوْبَةَ وَ النَّدَامَةَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ ادَّعَى عِجْلُهُمْ مَنْزِلَةً وَ شَهِدَ لَهُ سَامِرِيهِمْ وَ الثَّلَاثَةُ مَعَهُ بِأَنَّهُمْ سَمِعُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالُوا لِعَلِيٍّ ع هَذَا أَمْرٌ حَدَثَ بَعْدَ الْأَوَّلِ فَشَكَّ مَنْ شَكَّ مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا أَنَّهُمَا تَابَا وَ عَرَفَا وَ سَلَّمَا
Hear said, ‘They had both apparently repented, and were remorseful after that. Their calf had made a claim for status and their Samiri had testified to them, and three (people) were with them, that they had heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying that. They said, ‘Perhaps this matter happened after the first one. So the ones who doubted from them doubted, except that these two repented and understood, and were safe’.
قَالَ سُلَيْمُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ فَلَقِيتُ عَمَّاراً فِي خِلَافَةِ عُثْمَانَ بَعْدَ مَا مَاتَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمَا قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَقَالَ صَدَقَ أَخِي إِنَّهُ لَأَبَرُّ وَ أَصْدَقُ مِنْ أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ بِمَا لَا يَسْمَعُ مِنْهُ
Sulaym Bin Qays said, ‘I met Ammar during the Caliphate of Usman after Abu Zarrar had passed away and informed him of what Abu Zarrar had said. He said, ‘My brother Abu Zarrar spoke the truth. Hear is more righteous and truthful than to narrate from Ammar what hear had not heard from him’.
فَقُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ وَ بِمَا تُصَدِّقُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ قَالَ أَشْهَدُ لَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ مَا أَظَلَّتِ الْخَضْرَاءُ وَ لَا أَقَلَّتِ الْغَبْرَاءُ مِنْ ذِي لَهْجَةٍ أَصْدَقَ مِنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ وَ لَا أَبَرَّ
I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you well, you are ratifying Abu Zarrar?’ He said, ‘I hereby testify that I have heard Rasool-Allah-saww say: ‘The sky has not cast a shadow, nor has the dust (ground) carried anyone who is more truthful in his words than Abu Zarrar, nor anyone more righteous’.
قُلْتُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ وَ لَا أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ قَالَ إِنَّمَا أَعْنِي غَيْرَهُمْ مِنَ النَّاسِ
I (Ammar) said, ‘O Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj, not even the People-asws of your-saww Household?’ He-saww said: ‘What I-saww mean is apart from them-asws, from the (other) people’.
ثُمَّ لَقِيتُ حُذَيْفَةَ بِالْمَدَائِنِ رَحَلْتُ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْكُوفَةِ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ مَا قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ أَبُو ذَرٍّ أَصْدَقُ وَ أَبَرُّ مِنْ أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِغَيْرِ مَا قَالَ.
Then I met Huzayfa at Mada’in – I travelled to him from Al-Kufa – and I mentioned to him what Abu Zarrar had said. He said, ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj, Abu Zarrar is more truthful and righteous than to narrate something from Rasool-Allah-saww with other than what he-saww had said’’.[14]
ج، الإحتجاج عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ رِجَالِهِ ثِقَةً عَنْ ثِقَةٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص خَرَجَ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ مُتَوَكِّياً عَلَى الْفَضْلِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ وَ غُلَامٍ لَهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ ثَوْبَانُ وَ هِيَ الصَّلَاةُ الَّتِي أَرَادَ التَّخَلُّفَ عَنْهَا لِثِقَلِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – From Abu Al Mufazzal Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Shaybani, by his correct chain from his men, a reliable one from a reliable one –
‘The Prophet-saww came out to the Salat during his-saww illness in which he-saww passed away, relying upon Al-Fazl Bin Al-Abbas, and a slave of his-saww called Sowban, and it is the Salat which he-saww wanted a replacement for it due to his-saww heaviness (of illness).
ثُمَّ حَمَلَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ ص وَ خَرَجَ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى عَادَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَقَالَ لِغُلَامِهِ اجْلِسْ عَلَى الْبَابِ وَ لَا تَحْجُبْ أَحَداً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ تَجَلَّاهُ الْغَشْيُ وَ جَاءَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ فَأَحْدَقُوا بِالْبَابِ وَ قَالُوا ائْذَنْ لَنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
Then he-saww (took the) load upon himself-saww and went out. When he-saww prayed Salat, he-saww returned to his-saww house. He-saww said to his-saww slave: ‘Sit at the door and do not bar anyone from the Helpers’, and the faintness came to him-saww, and the Helpers came and they knocked on the door and said, ‘Give permission to us upon seeing Rasool-Allah-saww!’
فَقَالَ هُوَ مَغْشِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ وَ عِنْدَهُ نِسَاؤُهُ فَجَعَلُوا يَبْكُونَ فَسَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْبُكَاءَ فَقَالَ مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ قَالُوا الْأَنْصَارُ فَقَالَ ص مَنْ هَاهُنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي قَالُوا عَلِيٌّ وَ الْعَبَّاسُ
He said, ‘He-saww is with unconsciousness upon him and with him-saww are his-saww wives. Then went on to wail and Rasool-Allah-saww heard the wailing. He-saww said: ‘Who are they?’ They said, ‘The Helpers’. He-saww said: ‘Who is over here from my-saww family?’ They said: ‘Ali-asws and Al-Abbas’.
فَدَعَاهُمَا وَ خَرَجَ مُتَوَكِّئاً عَلَيْهِمَا فَاسْتَنَدَ إِلَى جَذَعٍ مِنْ أَسَاطِينِ مَسْجِدِهِ وَ كَانَ الْجَذَعُ جَرِيدُ نَخْلَةٍ فَاجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ وَ خَطَبَ وَ قَالَ فِي كَلَامِهِ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَمُتْ نَبِيٌّ قَطُّ إِلَّا خَلَّفَ تَرِكَةً وَ قَدْ خَلَّفْتُ فِيكُمُ الثَّقَلَيْنِ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي فَمَنْ ضَيَّعَهُمْ ضَيَّعَهُ اللَّهُ
He called them, and went out reclining upon them, and he-saww reclined to a trunk from the pillars of his-saww Masjid, and the trunk was a branch of a palm tree. The people gathered, and he-saww addressed and said in his-saww speech: ‘No Prophet-saww dies at all except and a replacement (successor) is left behind, and I-saww am leaving behind among you all the two weighty things – Book of Allah-azwj and People-asws of my-saww Household, so the one who wastes them, Allah-azwj would Waste him.
أَلَا وَ إِنَّ الْأَنْصَارَ كَرِشِيَ الَّتِي آوِي إِلَيْهَا وَ إِنِّي أُوصِيكُمْ بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَ الْإِحْسَانِ إِلَيْهِمْ فَاقْبَلُوا مِنْ مُحْسِنِهِمْ وَ تَجَاوَزُوا عَنْ مُسِيئِهِمْ
Indeed! And the Helpers are like my-saww feathers which I-saww can shelter to, and I-saww am bequeathing you with fearing Allah-azwj, and the doing of good to them. Accept from their good deeds and overlook from their evil deeds.
ثُمَّ دَعَا أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ فَقَالَ سِرْ عَلَى بَرَكَةِ اللَّهِ وَ النَّصْرِ وَ الْعَافِيَةِ حَيْثُ أَمَرْتُكَ بِمَنْ أَمَّرْتُكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ ص قَدْ أَمَّرَهُ عَلَى جَمَاعَةٍ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُغِيرُوا عَلَى مُؤْتَةَ وَادٍ فِي فِلَسْطِينَ
Then he-saww called Usama Bin Zayd and said: ‘Travel upon Blessings of Allah-azwj and the Help, and the well-being where I-saww order you to, with the ones I-saww make you to be in charge upon’. And he-saww had made him to be a commander upon a group of Emigrants and the Helpers, among them being Abu Bakr, and Umar, and a group of the Emigrants in the beginning, and he-saww instructed him to change at Mowtat, a valley in Palestine.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أُسَامَةُ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ تَأْذَنُ لِي فِي الْمُقَامِ أَيَّاماً حَتَّى يَشْفِيَكَ اللَّهُ فَإِنِّي مَتَى خَرَجْتُ وَ أَنْتَ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْحَالَةِ خَرَجْتُ وَ فِي قَلْبِي مِنْكَ قَرْحَةٌ
Usama said to him-saww, ‘May my father and my mother be (sacrificed) for you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww! Will you-saww permit me to stay for days until Allah-azwj Heals you-saww, for when I go out and you-saww are upon this state, I would be going out and in my heart would be a sore about you-saww’.
فَقَالَ أَنْفِذْ يَا أُسَامَةُ فَإِنَّ الْقُعُودَ عَنِ الْجِهَادِ لَا يَجِبُ فِي حَالٍ مِنَ الْأَحْوَالِ فَبَلَغَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّ النَّاسَ طَعَنُوا فِي عَمَلِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكُمْ طَعَنْتُمْ فِي عَمَلِ أُسَامَةَ وَ فِي عَمَلِ أَبِيهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَخَلِيقٌ بِالْإِمَارَةِ وَ إِنَّ أَبَاهُ كَانَ خَلِيقاً بِهَا وَ إِنَّهُ مِنْ أَحَبِّ النَّاسِ إِلَيَّ فَأُوصِيكُمْ بِهِ خَيْراً فَلَئِنْ قُلْتُمْ فِي إِمَارَتِهِ فَقَدْ قَالَ قَائِلُكُمْ فِي إِمَارَةِ أَبِيهِ
He-saww said: ‘Implement, O Usama, for the sitting back from the Jihad is not obliged in a state from the states’. It reached Rasool-Allah-saww that the people were taunting regarding his deed, so Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘It reached me-saww that you are taunting regarding a deed of Usama and regarding a deed of his father of before, and I-saww swear by Allah-azwj, he is creative in his command, and his father was creative with it, and he is from the most beloved of the people to me-saww. I-saww bequeath good with him, so if you were to say (taunts) regarding his command, so your speaker had said regarding the command of his father’.
ثُمَّ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى بَيْتِهِ وَ خَرَجَ أُسَامَةُ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ حَتَّى عَسْكَرَ عَلَى رَأْسِ فَرْسَخٍ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ وَ نَادَى مُنَادِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ لَا يَتَخَلَّفْ عَنْ أُسَامَةَ أَحَدٌ مِمَّنْ أَمَّرْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ
Then Rasool-Allah-saww entered into his-saww house, and Usama went out from his day until the army was on top of a cliff, a Farsakh from Al-Medina, and a caller of Rasool-Allah-saww called out: ‘No one from the ones I-saww have made him a commander upon should stay behind from Usama!’
فَلَحِقَ النَّاسُ بِهِ وَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ سَارَعَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ فَنَزَلُوا فِي زُقَاقٍ وَاحِدٍ مَعَ جُمْلَةِ أَهْلِ الْعَسْكَرِ
The people joined up with him, and the first one to hasten to him were Abu Bakr and Umar and Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah. They descended in one lane with the total of the people of the army’.
قَالَ وَ ثَقُلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي بَعْثِ أُسَامَةَ يَدْخُلُونَ عَلَيْهِ أَرْسَالًا وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ شَاكٍ فَكَانَ لَا يَدْخُلُ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص إِلَّا انْصَرَفَ إِلَى سَعْدٍ يَعُودُهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww became heavy (with illness), so the people, from the ones who did not happen to be among the sending of Usama, went on to entered to see him-saww in an orderly manner, and Sa’ad Bin Ubada had a complaint (illness). So, no one from the Helpers entered to see the Prophet-saww except he left to see Sa’ad to console him’.
قَالَ وَ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَقْتَ الضُّحَى مِنْ يَوْمِ الْإِثْنَيْنِ بَعْدَ خُرُوجِ أُسَامَةَ إِلَى مُعَسْكَرِهِ بِيَوْمَيْنِ فَرَجَعَ أَهْلُ الْعَسْكَرِ وَ الْمَدِينَةُ قَدْ رَجَفَتْ بِأَهْلِهَا فَأَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ لَهُ حَتَّى وَقَفَ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَا لَكُمْ تَمُوجُونَ إِنْ كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ قَدْ مَاتَ فَرَبُّ مُحَمَّدٍ ص لَمْ يَمُتْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww passed away at morning time of the day of Monday, two days after the exit of Usama to his soldiers. The people of the army returned and Al-Medina trembled with its inhabitants. Abu Bakr came upon a camel of his until he paused at the door of the Masjid and said, ‘O you people! What is the matter with you all rippling? If Muhammad-saww has died, so perhaps he-saww did not die:
وَ ما مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ ماتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلى أَعْقابِكُمْ وَ مَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلى عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَضُرَّ اللَّهَ شَيْئاً
And Muhammad is not except for a Rasool; the Rasools have already passed away before him; so if he dies or is killed will you turn back upon your heels? And the one who turns back upon his heels, he will never harm Allah of anything [3:144]’.
ثُمَّ اجْتَمَعَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ وَ جَاءُوا بِهِ إِلَى سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ عُمَرُ أَخْبَرَ بِهِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ مَضَيَا مُسْرِعَيْنِ إِلَى السَّقِيفَةِ وَ مَعَهُمَا أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ فِي السَّقِيفَةِ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ بَيْنَهُمْ مَرِيضٌ
Then the Helpers gathered to Sa’ad Bin Ubada and they came with him to a shed (Saqeefa) of the clan of Saida. When Umar heard of that, he informed Abu Bakr with it, and they both went quickly to the shed and with them was Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, and in the shed there was a lot of people from the Helpers, and Sa’ad Bin Ubada was between them, sick.
فَتَنَازَعُوا الْأَمْرَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَآلُ الْأَمْرُ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِي آخِرِ كَلَامِهِ لِلْأَنْصَارِ إِنَّمَا أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ أَوْ إِلَى عُمَرَ وَ كِلَاهُمَا قَدْ رَضِيتُ لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ كِلَاهُمَا أَرَاهُ لَهُ أَهْلًا
They contended the command between them, saying the command is to’ – up to Abu Bakr saying at the end of his speech to the Helpers, ‘But rather, I am calling you all to Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, or to Umar, and both of them have agreed to this command, and both of them see themselves to be rightful for it’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ مَا يَنْبَغِي لَنَا أَنْ نَتَقَدَّمَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَنْتَ أَقْدَمُنَا إِسْلَاماً وَ أَنْتَ صَاحِبُ الْغَارِ وَ ثانِيَ اثْنَيْنِ فَأَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ أَوْلَانَا بِهِ
Umar and Abu Ubeyda said, ‘It is not befitting for us that we precede you, O Abu Bakr. You are our foremost one in Islam, and you were the companion (of Rasool-Allah-saww) in the cave, and second of the two, so you are more rightful with this command, and first one of us with it’.
فَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ نَحْذَرُ أَنْ يَغْلِبَ عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ مَنْ لَيْسَ مِنَّا وَ لَا مِنْكُمْ فَنَجْعَلُ مِنَّا أَمِيراً وَ مِنْكُمْ أَمِيراً وَ نَرْضَى بِهِ عَلَى أَنَّهُ إِنْ هَلَكَ اخْتَرْنَا آخَرَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ
The Helpers said, ‘We are cautious that he would overcome upon this command, one who is neither from us nor from you, so we shall made a ruler to be from us and a rule to be from you we shall be pleased with him upon that if he were to die, we shall choose the other one from the Helpers’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ مَدَحَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ أَنْتُمْ مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْصَارِ مِمَّنْ لَا يُنْكَرُ فَضْلُهُمْ وَ لَا نِعْمَتُهُمْ الْعَظِيمَةُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ رَضِيَكُمْ اللَّهُ أَنْصَاراً لِدِينِهِ وَ لِرَسُولِهِ وَ جَعَلَ إِلَيْكُمْ مُهَاجَرَتَهُ وَ فِيكُمْ مَحَلَّ أَزْوَاجِهِ فَلَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ بَعْدَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ بِمَنْزِلَتِكُمْ فَهُمُ الْأُمَرَاءُ وَ أَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ
Abu Bakr said after having praised the Emigrants, ‘And you, community of the Helpers, are from the ones whose merits cannot be denied, nor your great favours to Al-Islam. You Helpers have Pleased Allah-azwj for His-azwj Religion and for His-azwj Rasool-saww, and Made His-azwj Emigrants to be to you, and among you is a place of his-saww wives. Thus, there isn’t anyone from the people, after the first Emigrants, being with your status, for they are the rulers and you are the ministers’.
فَقَامَ الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَمْلِكُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيكُمْ وَ إِنَّمَا النَّاسُ فِي فَيْئِكُمْ وَ ظِلَالِكُمْ وَ لَنْ يَجْتَرِئَ مُجْتَرِئٌ عَلَى خِلَافِكُمْ وَ لَنْ يَصْدُرَ النَّاسُ إِلَّا عَنْ رَأْيِكُمْ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ
Al-Hubab Bin Al-Munzar Al-Ansari stood up and said, ‘O community of the Helpers! Take control upon your own hands, and rather the people are in your shadow and your shade, and no audacious one will have the audacity upon opposing you, and the people will never implement except you your view’, and he praised upon the Helpers.
ثُمَّ قَالَ فَإِنْ أَبَى هَؤُلَاءِ تَأْمِيرَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ فَلَسْنَا نَرْضَى تَأْمِيرَهُمْ عَلَيْنَا وَ لَا نَقْنَعُ بِدُونِ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْهُمْ أَمِيرٌ
Then he said, ‘So, if they were to refuse to make you rulers upon them, then we do not agree their being rulers upon us, and we will not be content without there happening to be a ruler from us and a ruler from them’.
فَقَامَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ فَقَالَ هَيْهَاتَ لَا يَجْتَمِعُ سَيْفَانِ فِي غِمْدٍ وَاحِدٍ إِنَّهُ لَا تَرْضَى الْعَرَبُ أَنْ تُؤَمِّرَكُمْ وَ نَبِيُّهَا مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ وَ لَكِنَّ الْعَرَبَ لَا تَمْتَنِعُ أَنْ تُوَلِّيَ أَمْرَهَا مَنْ كَانَتِ النُّبُوَّةُ فِيهِمْ وَ لَنَا بِذَلِكَ عَلَى مَنْ خَالَفَنَا الْحُجَّةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ وَ السُّلْطَانُ الْبَيِّنُ
Umar Bin Al-Khattab stood up and said, ‘Far be it! Two swords cannot be gathered to be in one sheath! The Arabs are not pleased to make you rulers and (although) their Prophet-saww is from other than you (Helpers), but the Arabs will not refuse for their affairs to be ruled by the ones the Prophet-hood was among them (Emigrants), and for us with that is the apparent argument against the ones who oppose us and the clear proof.
فَمَا يُنَازِعُنَا فِي سُلْطَانِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ نَحْنُ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ وَ عَشِيرَتُهُ إِلَّا مُدْلٍ بِبَاطِلٍ أَوْ مُتَجَانِفٌ لِإِثْمٍ أَوْ مُتَوَرِّطٌ فِي الْهَلَاكَةِ مُحِبٌّ لِلْفِتْنَةِ
Therefore do not contend us regarding the authority of Muhammad-saww and we are his-saww friends and his-saww clan, except the one pointing to the falsehood, or deviating to the sins, or entangled in the destruction, loving the Fitna’.
فَقَامَ الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ ثَانِيَةً فَقَالَ يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَمْسِكُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيكُمْ وَ لَا تَسْمَعُوا مَقَالَةَ هَذَا الْجَاهِلِ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ فَيَذْهَبُوا بِنَصِيبِكُمْ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ إِنْ أَبَوْا أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْهُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَأَجْلُوهُمْ عَنْ بِلَادِكُمْ وَ تَوَلَّوْا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَنْتُمْ وَ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْهُمْ
Al-Hubab Bin Al-Munzar stood up for a second time and said, ‘O community of the Helpers! Withhold (the command) upon your hands and do not listen to the words of the ignoramus and his companions, for they will go away with your share from this command, and if they refuse for a ruler to be from us and a ruler to be from them, then evacuate them from your city (Al-Medina) and take charge of this command upon them, for by Allah-azwj, you are more rightful with it than them.
فَقَدْ دَانَ بِأَسْيَافِكُمْ قَبْلَ هَذَا الْوَقْتِ مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَدِينُ بِغَيْرِهَا وَ أَنَا جُذَيْلُهَا الْمُحَكَّكُ وَ عُذَيْقُهَا الْمُرَجَّبُ وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ رَدَّ أَحَدٌ قَوْلِي لَأَحْطِمَنَّ أَنْفَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ
So, he has made it a religion with your swords before this time, one who did not happen to make it a religion with other than it, and its charm is worn out and its taste is desired. By Allah-azwj! If anyone were to refute my words, I shall destroy his nose (pride) with the sword’.
قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْحُبَابُ هُوَ الَّذِي يُجِيبُنِي لَمْ يَكُنْ لِي مَعَهُ كَلَامٌ فَإِنَّهُ جَرَتْ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ مُنَازَعَةٌ فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَنَهَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ مُهَاتَرَتِهِ فَحَلَفْتُ أَنْ لَا أُكَلِّمَهُ أَبَداً
Umar Bin Al-Khattab said, ‘When Al-Hubab was the one who answers me, there would not happen to be any speech for me with him, for there had flowed a contention between me and him during the lifetime of Rasool-Allah-saww, and Rasool-Allah-saww forbade me from battling him, and I vowed that I will not speak to him, ever!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ يَا أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ تَكَلَّمْ فَقَامَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ تَكَلَّمَ بِكَلَامٍ كَثِيرٍ ذَكَرَ فِيهِ فَضَائِلَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَكَانَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ سَيِّدَاً مِنْ سَادَاتِ الْأَنْصَارِ لَمَّا رَأَى اجْتِمَاعَ الْأَنْصَارِ عَلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ لِتَأْمِيرِهِ حَسَدَهُ وَ سَعَى فِي إِفْسَادِ الْأَمْرِ عَلَيْهِ وَ تَكَلَّمَ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ رَضِيَ بِتَأْمِيرِ قُرَيْشٍ وَ حَثَّ النَّاسَ كُلَّهُمْ لَا سِيَّمَا الْأَنْصَارِ عَلَى الرِّضَا بِمَا يَفْعَلُهُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ
Then Umar said to Abu Ubeyda, ‘O Abu Ubeyda! Speak’. Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah stood up and spoke with a lot of things, mentioning in it the merits of the Helpers. Bashir Bin Sa’ad was a chief from the chiefs of the Helpers. When he saw the unity of the Helpers upon Sa’ad Bin Ubada to make him the ruler, so he envied him, and strive in spoiling the matter upon him, and spoke regarding that, and agreed with a ruler of Quraysh and urged the people all of them, in particular the Helpers upon the agreement with what the Emigrants were doing.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ هَذَا عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ شَيْخَا قُرَيْشٍ فَبَايِعُوا أَيَّهُمَا شِئْتُمْ
Abu Bakr said, ‘This is Umar and Abu Ubeyda, sheykhs of Quraysh, so pledge allegiance to whichever of the two you desire to’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ مَا نَتَوَلَّى هَذَا الْأَمْرَ عَلَيْكَ امْدُدْ يَدَكَ نُبَايِعْكَ فَقَالَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَ أَنَا ثَالِثُكُمَا وَ كَانَ سَيِّدَ الْأَوْسِ وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ سَيِّدَ الْخَزْرَجِ
Umar said and Abu Ubeyda said, ‘We will not be in charge of this command upon you. Extend your hand, we shall pledge allegiance to you’. Bashir Bin Sa’d said, ‘And I am the third of you’, and he was a chief of the Aws (tribe) and Sa’ad Bin Ubada was chief of Al-Khazraj (tribe).
فَلَمَّا رَأَتِ الْأَوْسُ صَنِيعَ بَشِيرٍ وَ مَا دَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْخَزْرَجُ مِنْ تَأْمِيرِ سَعْدٍ أَكَبُّوا عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ بِالْبَيْعَةِ وَ تَكَاثَرُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ تَزَاحَمُوا فَجَعَلُوا يَطَئُونَ سَعْداً مِنْ شِدَّةَ الزَّحْمَةِ وَ هُوَ بَيْنَهُمْ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ مَرِيضٌ
When Al-Aws saw the doings of Bashir and what he had called Al-Khazraj to from making Sa’ad a rule, they leapt upon Abu Bakr with the allegiance and augmented upon that, and crowded him and went on to trample Sa’d from the intensity of the crowd, and he was between them upon his bed, sick.
فَقَالَ قَتَلْتُمُونِي قَالَ عُمَرُ اقْتُلُوا سَعْداً قَتَلَهُ اللَّهُ فَوَثَبَ قَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ فَأَخَذَ بِلِحْيَةِ عُمَرَ وَ قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ الْجَبَانَ الْفَرَّارَ فِي الْحُرُوبِ اللَّيْثَ فِي الْمَلَإِ وَ الْأَمْنِ لَوْ حَرَّكْتَ مِنْهُ شَعْرَةً مَا رَجَعْتَ وَ فِي وَجْهِكَ وَاضِحَةٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَهْلًا يَا عُمَرُ فَإِنَّ الرِّفْقَ أَبْلَغُ وَ أَفْضَلُ
He said, ‘You are killing me!’ Umar said, ‘May Allah-azwj Kill him’. Qays Bin Sa’ad leapt and grabbed the beard of Umar and said, ‘By Allah-azwj! By Allah-azwj, O son of Suhaak, the coward, the fleer in the wars, the lion in the assemblies and during the peace time! Even if a hair moves from him, you will not return and in your face would be clearness!’ Abu Bakr said, ‘No, O Umar, for the kindness is more reaching and better’.
فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ وَ كَانَتْ جَدَّةَ عُمَرَ حَبَشِيَّةً أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ لِي قُوَّةً عَلَى النُّهُوضِ لَسَمِعْتُمَا مِنِّي فِي سِكَكِهَا زَئِيراً يُزْعِجُكَ وَ أَصْحَابَكَ مِنْهَا وَ لَأَلْحَقْتُكُمَا بِقَوْمٍ كُنْتُمْ فِيهِمْ أَذْنَاباً أَذِلَّاءَ تَابِعَيْنِ غَيْرَ مَتْبُوعَيْنِ لَقَدِ اجْتَرَأْتُمَا يَا آلَ الْخَزْرَجِ احْمِلُونِي مِنْ مَكَانِ الْفِتْنَةِ
Sa’ad said, ‘O son of Suhaak!’ – a grandmother of Umar was Ethiopian, ‘But, by Allah-azwj, if there was strength for me upon the rising, you would have heard me roaring in the markets, you and your companions would have been distressed from it and I would have joined you to with a people you used to be among them, a disgraceful offspring, followers not being followed. You are being audacious, O family of Al-Khazraj! Carry me away from the place of Fitna!’
فَحَمَلُوهُ فَأَدْخَلُوهُ مَنْزِلَهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ قَدْ بَايَعَ النَّاسُ فَبَايِعْ
They carried him and entered him into his house. When it was after that, Abu Bakr sent a message to him, ‘The people have pledged allegiance, so (you) pledge allegiance’.
فَقَالَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى أَرْمِيَكُمْ بِكُلِّ سَهْمٍ فِي كِنَانَتِي وَ أَخْضِبَ مِنْكُمْ سِنَانَ رُمْحِي وَ أَضْرِبَكُمْ بِسَيْفِي مَا أَقَلَّتْ يَدِي فَأُقَاتِلُكُمْ بِمَنْ تَبِعَنِي مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي وَ عَشِيرَتِي ثُمَّ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوِ اجْتَمَعَ الْجِنُّ وَ الْإِنْسُ عَلَيَّ مَا بَايَعْتُكُمَا أَيُّهَا الْغَاصِبَانِ حَتَّى أُعْرَضَ عَلَى رَبِّي وَ أَعْلَمَ مَا حِسَابِي
He said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, until I shoot at you with every arrow in my quiver, and dye the teeth from my spears, and strike you with my sword. I am not short of hands. I will fight you with the ones who follow me, from my family and my clan. Then, I swear by Allah-azwj! Even if the Jinn and the humans were to gather against me, I will not pledge allegiance to you two (Abu Bakr and Umar), O you usurpers, until I am presented unto my Lord-azwj and know what my Reckoning is’.
فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ كَلَامُهُ قَالَ عُمَرُ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ بَيْعَتِهِ فَقَالَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَبَى وَ لَجَّ وَ لَيْسَ بِمُبَايِعٍ أَوْ يُقْتَلَ وَ لَيْسَ بِمَقْتُولٍ حَتَّى تُقْتَلَ مَعَهُ الْخَزْرَجُ وَ الْأَوْسُ فَاتْرُكُوهُ وَ لَيْسَ تَرْكُهُ بِضَائِرٍ
When his speech came to them, Umar said, ‘There is no escape from his allegiance’. Bashir Bin Sa’ad said, ‘He has refused and is vociferous, and will not be pledging allegiance, or he is killed, and he wouldn’t be killed until Al-Khazraj and Al-Aws are killed along with him. So leave him, and leaving him is not harmful’.
فَقَبِلُوا قَوْلَهُ وَ تَرَكُوا سَعْداً وَ كَانَ سَعْدٌ لَا يُصَلِّي بِصَلَاتِهِمْ وَ لَا يَقْضِي بِقَضَائِهِمْ وَ لَوْ وَجَدَ أَعْوَاناً لَصَالَ بِهِمْ وَ لَقَاتَلَهُمْ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ فِي وِلَايَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ حَتَّى هَلَكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ
They accepted his words and left Sa’ad, and Sa’ad did not use to pray Salat with their Salat nor fulfilled any needs with their needs, and had he found any supporters he would have been with them and fought against them. He did not cease to be like that during the rule of Abu Bakr until Abu Bakr died.
ثُمَّ وُلِّيَ عُمَرُ فَكَانَ كَذَلِكَ فَخَشِيَ سَعْدٌ غَائِلَةَ عُمَرَ فَخَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَمَاتَ بِحَوْرَانَ فِي وِلَايَةِ عُمَرَ وَ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ أَحَداً وَ كَانَ سَبَبُ مَوْتِهِ أَنْ رُمِيَ بِسَهْمٍ فِي اللَّيْلِ فَقَتَلَهُ وَ زُعِمَ أَنَّ الْجِنَّ رَمَوْهُ وَ قِيلَ أَيْضاً إِنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ تَوَلَّى قَتْلَهُ بِجُعْلٍ جُعِلَتْ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ تَوَلَّى ذَلِكَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ
Then Umar became ruler, and he was like that. Sa’ad feared the calamity of Umar, so he went out to Syria and died at Howran during the rule of Umar, and did not pledge allegiance to anyone, and the reason for his death was that he was shot at by an arrow during the night and it killed him, and it is claimed that the Jinn shot at him, and it is said as well that Muhammad Bin Maslama Al-Ansari was in-charge of killing him, and kept on coming against him. And it is reported that Al-Mugheira Bin Shu’ba was in charge of him.
قَالَ وَ بَايَعَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ مَنْ حَضَرَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ وَ عَلِيُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع مَشْغُولٌ بِجَهَازِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ النَّاسُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ مَنْ بَايَعَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ جَلَسَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And a group from the Helpers pledged allegiance, and the ones presented from others, and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws was pre-occupied with the funeral preparations of Rasool-Allah-saww. When he-asws was free from that and had prayed Salat upon the Prophet-saww, and the people prayed Salat upon him, the ones who had pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, and the ones who did not pledge allegiance sat in the Masjid.
فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَ مَعَهُ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ وَ اجْتَمَعَتْ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ وَ بَنُو زُهْرَةَ إِلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ فَكَانُوا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ مُجْتَمِعِينَ إِذْ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ فَقَالُوا مَا لَنَا نَرَاكُمْ حَلَقاً شَتَّى قُومُوا فَبَايِعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَدْ بَايَعَهُ الْأَنْصَارُ وَ النَّاسُ
The Clan of Hashim-asws gathered to him-asws, and with him-asws was Al-Zubeyr Bin Al-Awwam, and the clan of Umayya gathered to Usman Bin Affan, and the clan of Zuhra to Abdul Rahman Bin Awf, and they were gathered in the Masjid, when Abu Bakr and Umar and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah came and they said, ‘What is the matter we see you all (seated) in various circles? Arise and pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr, for the Helpers have already pledged and (so have) the people’.
فَقَامَ عُثْمَانُ وَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُمَا فَبَايَعُوا وَ انْصَرَفَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ إِلَى مَنْزِلِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ مَعَهُمُ الزُّبَيْرُ
Usman and Abdul Rahman Bin Awf and the ones with them stood up and pledged allegiance, and Ali-asws and the Clan of Hashim-asws left to go to the house of Ali-asws, and Al-Zubeyr was with them.
قَالَ فَذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ عُمَرُ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ مِمَّنْ بَايَعَ فِيهِمْ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ سَلَامَةَ فَأَلْفَوْهُمْ مُجْتَمِعِينَ فَقَالُوا لَهُمْ بَايِعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَدْ بَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ فَوَثَبَ الزُّبَيْرُ إِلَى سَيْفِهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْكَلْبِ فَاكْفُونَا شَرَّهُ فَبَادَرَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ سَلَامَةَ فَانْتَزَعَ السَّيْفَ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَأَخَذَهُ عُمَرُ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ الْأَرْضَ فَكَسَرَهُ وَ أَحْدَقُوا بِمَنْ كَانَ هُنَاكَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَ مَضَوْا بِجَمَاعَتِهِمْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Umar went to them among a group of the one who had pledged allegiance, among them were Aseyd Bin Huzeyr, and Salama Bin Salama, and took them altogether and said to them, ‘Pledge allegiance to Abu bakr, for the people have already pledged!’ Al-Zubeyr leapt to his sword. Umar said, ‘Upon you is (to deal) with the dog and stop his evil from us’. Salama Bin Salama rushed and snatched the sword from his hand, and Umar took it and struck the ground with it and broke it, and they cordoned off the ones from the Clan of Hashim-asws who were there, and they went with their group to Abu Bakr.
فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوا قَالُوا بَايِعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَدْ بَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ ذَلِكَ لَنُحَاكِمَنَّكُمْ بِالسَّيْفِ
When they were presented, (Umar) said, ‘Pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr, for the people have pledged, and I swear by Allah-azwj, if you were to refuse that, we shall judge you with the sword!’
فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ أَقْبَلَ رَجُلٌ رَجُلٌ فَجَعَلَ يُبَايِعُ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ مِمَّنْ حَضَرَ إِلَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ بَايِعْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُ وَ أَنْتُمْ أَوْلَى بِالْبَيْعَةِ لِي أَخَذْتُمْ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ احْتَجَجْتُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْقَرَابَةِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ تَأْخُذُونَهُ مِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ غَصْباً
When the Clan of Hashim-asws saw that, man by man came and pledge allegiance until there did not remain anyone from the ones present except Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. He (Umar) said to him (Ali-asws), ‘Pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr!’ Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws am more rightful with this command than him, and you all are foremost with pledging the allegiance to me-asws. You seized this command from the Helpers and argued against them with the kinship from Rasool-Allah-saww and seized it from us-asws, People-asws of the Household, usurping.
أَ لَسْتُمْ زَعَمْتُمْ لِلْأَنْصَارِ أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلَى بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لِمَكَانِكُمْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَعْطَوْكُمُ الْمَقَادَةَ وَ سَلَّمُوا لَكُمُ الْإِمَارَةَ وَ أَنَا أَحْتَجُّ عَلَيْكُمْ بِمِثْلِ مَا احْتَجَجْتُمْ عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَيّاً وَ مَيِّتاً وَ أَنَا وَصِيُّهُ وَ وَزِيرُهُ وَ مُسْتَوْدَعُ سِرِّهِ وَ عِلْمِهِ
Didn’t you claim to the Helpers that you (Emigrants) are foremost with this command than them due to your position from Rasool-Allah-saww, so they gave you the leadership and submitted the government to you? And I-asws am arguing against you with the like of what you had argued against the Helpers. I-asws am foremost with Rasool-Allah-saww, living and deceased, and I-asws am his-saww successor-asws, and his-saww Vizier, and a depository of his-saww secrets and his-saww knowledge.
وَ أَنَا الصِّدِّيقُ الْأَكْبَرُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَ صَدَّقَهُ وَ أَحْسَنُكُمْ بَلَاءً فِي جِهَادِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ أَعْرَفُكُمْ بِالْكِتَابِ وَ السُّنَّةِ وَ أَفْقَهُكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَ أَعْلَمُكُمْ بِعَوَاقِبِ الْأُمُورِ وَ أَذْرَبُكُمْ لِسَاناً وَ أَثْبَتُكُمْ جِنَاناً فَعَلَامَ تُنَازِعُونَّا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ
And I-asws am the greatest truthful, the first one to believe in him-saww, and ratify him-saww and the best of you with hardship in fighting the Polytheists, and most recognising of you with the Book and the Sunnah, and most understanding of you in the Religion, and most knowledgeable of you with the results of the matters, and most eloquent of you in speaking, and most proven of you all with the Gardens, so upon what are you contending this command?
أَنْصِفُونَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَخَافُونَ اللَّهَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ اعْرِفُوا لَنَا مِنَ الْأَمْرِ مِثْلَ مَا عَرَفَتْهُ الْأَنْصَارُ لَكُمْ وَ إِلَّا فَبُوءُوا بِالظُّلْمِ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
Be fair to us, if you are fearing Allah-azwj than yourselves, and recognise to us of the command like what you introduced the Helpers as being for you, or else you are going with the injustice and you are knowing’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَ مَا لَكَ بِأَهْلِ بَيْتِكِ أُسْوَةٌ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع سَلُوهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَابْتَدَرَ الْقَوْمُ الَّذِينَ بَايَعُوا مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَقَالُوا مَا بَيْعَتُنَا بِحُجَّةٍ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع وَ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ نَقُولَ إِنَّا نُوَازِيهِ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ وَ حُسْنِ الْجِهَادِ وَ الْمَحَلِّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
Umar said, ‘Isn’t there an example for you-asws with your family members (having pledged allegiance)?’ Ali-asws said: ‘Ask them about that’. So, the group, those from the Clan of Hashim-asws who had pledged allegiance, rushed and said, ‘Our allegiances are not an argument upon Ali-asws, and Allah-azwj Forbid that we should be saying we are his-asws equals in the Emigration, and the goodly Jihad, and the position from Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنَّكَ لَسْتَ مَتْرُوكاً حَتَّى تُبَايِعَ طَوْعاً أَوْ كَرْهاً
Umar said, ‘You will not be left until you either pledge willingly or unwillingly’. Ali-asws said: ‘
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع احْلُبْ حَلْباً لَكَ شَطْرُهُ اشْدُدْ لَهُ الْيَوْمَ لِيَرُدَّ عَلَيْكَ غَداً إِذاً وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَقْبَلَ قَوْلَكَ وَ لَا أَحْفِلَ بِمَقَامِكَ وَ لَا أُبَايِعَ
Ali-asws said: ‘You are milking milk for you, being harsh for it today, it will be returned upon you tomorrow when, by Allah-azwj I-asws will neither accept your words, nor will your place be celebrated, and I will not pledge allegiance’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَهْلًا يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مَا نُشَدِّدُ عَلَيْكَ وَ لَا نُكْرِهُكَ
Abu Bakr (at this point intervened and) said: Shh no, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! We are not being harsh upon you-asws, nor forcing you’.
فَقَامَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ لَسْنَا نَدْفَعُ قَرَابَتَكَ وَ لَا سَابِقَتَكَ وَ لَا عِلْمَكَ وَ لَا نُصْرَتَكَ وَ لَكِنَّكَ حَدَثُ السِّنِّ وَ كَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع يَوْمَئِذٍ ثَلَاثٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ سَنَةً وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ شَيْخٌ مِنْ مَشَايِخِ قَوْمِكَ وَ هُوَ أَحْمَلُ لِثِقَلِ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ قَدْ مَضَى الْأَمْرُ بِمَا فِيهِ فَسَلِّمْ لَهُ
Abu Ubeyda stood up to Ali-asws and said, ‘O cousin! We are not refuting your-asws kinship nor preceding you-asws, nor your-asws knowledge, nor your-asws help, but you are of young age’ – and on that day Ali-asws was thirty three years of age – ‘and Abu Bakr is an old man from the old men of your-asws people, and he has more endurance for the weight of this command, and the command has already passed along with whatever is in it, so submit to him.
فَإِنْ عَمَّرَكَ اللَّهُ لَسَلَّمُوا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ إِلَيْكَ وَ لَا يَخْتَلِفُ عَلَيْكَ اثْنَانِ بَعْدَ هَذَا إِلَّا وَ أَنْتَ بِهِ خَلِيقٌ وَ لَهُ حَقِيقٌ وَ لَا تَبْعَثِ الْفِتْنَةَ قَبْلَ أَوَانِ الْفِتْنَةِ قَدْ عَرَفْتَ مَا فِي قُلُوبِ الْعَرَبِ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ عَلَيْكَ
If Allah-azwj were to Make you-asws a ruler, this command would be submitted to you-asws, and no two would differ upon you-asws after this, except and you would be appropriate with it, and competent for it, and do not resurrect the Fitna before the season of the Fitna (for) you-asws do recognise what is in the hearts of the Arabs and other against you-asws’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ اللَّهَ اللَّهَ لَا تَنْسَوْا عَهْدَ نَبِيِّكُمْ إِلَيْكُمْ فِي أَمْرِي وَ لَا تُخْرِجُوا سُلْطَانَ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْ دَارِهِ وَ قَعْرِ بَيْتِهِ إِلَى دُورِكُمْ وَ قَعْرِ بُيُوتِكُمْ وَ تَدْفَعُوا أَهْلَهُ عَنْ حَقِّهِ وَ مَقَامِهِ فِي النَّاسِ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘O community of the Emigrants and the Helpers! Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! Do not forget the pact of your Prophet-saww to you all regarding my-asws command, and do not throw out the authority of Muhammad-saww from his-saww house and the bottom of his-saww house, to your houses and bottom of your houses, and push away his-saww family from its right and its position among the people.
يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْجَمْعِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَضَى وَ حَكَمَ وَ نَبِيَّهُ أَعْلَمُ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ إِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ أَ مَا كَانَ مِنَّا الْقَارِئُ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ الْفَقِيهُ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ الْمُضْطَلِعُ بِأَمْرِ الرَّعِيَّةِ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَفِينَا لَا فِيكُمْ فَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا الْهَوَى فَتَزْدَادُوا مِنَ الْحَقِّ بُعْداً وَ تُفْسِدُوا قَدِيمَكُمْ بِشَرٍّ مِنْ حَدِيثِكُمْ
O community of gatherers! Surely, Allah-azwj Decreed and Judged, and His-azwj Prophet-saww is more knowing, and you are all knowing that we-asws, People-asws of the Household are more rightful with this command than you are! Wasn’t there from us-asws the reader of the Book of Allah-azwj, the jurist in the Religion of Allah-azwj, the expert with the matters of the citizens? By Allah-azwj! It is to be in us-asws, not among you! Therefore, do not pursue the whims for you will renege (default) from the truth far away and spoil your past from the evil of your newly occurring events’.
فَقَالَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ الَّذِي وَطَّأَ الْأَمْرَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ قَالَتْ جَمَاعَةُ الْأَنْصَارِ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ لَوْ كَانَ هَذَا الْكَلَامَ سَمِعَتْهُ الْأَنْصَارُ مِنْكَ قَبْلَ الِانْضِمَامِ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ مَا اخْتَلَفَ فِيكَ اثْنَانِ
Bashir Bin Sa’d Al-Ansari, the one who made it worse for Abu Bakr, and on behalf of the Ansar group (Helpers) said ‘O Abu Al Hassan-asws! If the Helpers had heard this speech from you before the adherence to Abu Bakr, no two would have differed regarding you-asws’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا هَؤُلَاءِ أَ كُنْتُ أَدَعُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مُسَجًّى لَا أُوَارِيهِ وَ أَخْرُجُ أُنَازِعُ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ وَ اللَّهِ مَا خِفْتُ أَحَداً يَسْمُو لَهُ وَ يُنَازِعُنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فِيهِ وَ يَسْتَحِلُّ مَا اسْتَحْلَلْتُمُوهُ وَ لَا عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص تَرَكَ يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ لِأَحَدٍ حُجَّةً وَ لَا لِقَائِلٍ مَقَالًا
Ali-asws said: ‘O you all! Was I-asws supposed to leave shrouding Rasool-Allah-saww and not even bury him-saww, and come out to dispute regarding his-saww authority? By Allah-azwj! I-asws do not fear anyone, listening to him, and he would content us-asws, People-asws of the Household regarding it, and he could permit what you all have permitted it, and do you not know that on the day of Ghadeer Khumm Rasool-Allah-saww neither left any argument for anyone nor any words for any speaker?
فَأَنْشُدُ اللَّهَ رَجُلًا سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ص يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ يَقُولُ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَهَذَا عَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ اللَّهُمَّ وَالِ مَنْ وَالاهُ وَ عَادِ مَنْ عَادَاهُ وَ انْصُرْ مَنْ نَصَرَهُ وَ اخْذُلْ مَنْ خَذَلَهُ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ بِمَا سَمِعَ
I-asws adjure any man who heard the Prophet-saww saying on the day of Ghadeer Khumm saying: ‘One whose Master I-saww was, so this Ali-asws is his Master-asws. O Allah-azwj! Befriend the one who befriends him, and be Inimical to the one who is inimical to him-asws, and help the one who helps him-asws, and Abandon the one who abandons him-asws’, he should testify with what he heard’.
قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ أَرْقَمَ فَشَهِدَ اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلًا بَدْرِيّاً بِذَلِكَ وَ كُنْتُ مِمَّنْ سَمِعَ الْقَوْلَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَكَتَمْتُ الشَّهَادَةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَذَهَبَ بَصَرِي
Zayd Bin Arqam said, ‘Twelve men, participants of Badr, testified with that, and I was from the ones who had heard the words from Rasool-Allah-saww, but I concealed the testimony on that day, so my sight was gone’ (as a result of concealing the truth).
قَالَ وَ كَثُرَ الْكَلَامُ فِي هَذَا الْمَعْنَى وَ ارْتَفَعَ الصَّوْتُ وَ خَشِيَ عُمَرُ أَنْ يُصْغَى إِلَى قَوْلِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَفَسَخَ الْمَجْلِسَ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُقَلِّبُ الْقُلُوبَ وَ الْأَبْصَارَ وَ لَا يَزَالُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ تَرْغَبُ عَنْ قَوْلِ الْجَمَاعَةِ فَانْصَرَفُوا يَوْمَهُمْ ذَلِكَ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘And there was numerous talk in this meaning, and the voice was raised, and Umar feared that they would hearken to the words of Ali-asws, so he annulled the gathering and said, ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Overturns the hearts and the sights, and you-asws, O Abu Al Hassan-asws, have not cease to be desirous of the words of the group’. They left on that day of theirs’’.[15]
– ج، الإحتجاج عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ هَلْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ فِي أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنْكَرَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فِعْلَهُ وَ جُلُوسَهُ مَجْلِسَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – From Aban bin Tabligh who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Sadiq-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Was there anyone from the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww who denied upon Abu Bakr, his deed and his sitting in the seat of Rasool-Allah-saww?’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ كَانَ الَّذِي أَنْكَرَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَ كَانَ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ وَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ وَ بُرَيْدَةُ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, the ones who had denied upon Abu Bakr were twelve men. From the Emigrants were – Khalid Bin Saeed Bin Al-Aas, and he was from the clan of Umayya, and Salman Al-Farsi-ra, and Abu Zarr Al-Ghifari-ra, and Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-ra, and Ammar Bin Yasser, and Bureyda Aslami.
وَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التَّيِّهَانِ وَ سَهْلٌ وَ عُثْمَانُ ابْنَا حُنَيْفٍ وَ خُزَيْمَةُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ذُو الشَّهَادَتَيْنِ وَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ وَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ
And from the Helpers were – Abu Al-Haysam Bin Al-Tayhan, and Sahl and Usman two sons of Huneyf, and Khuzeyma Bin Sabit, (titled as) ‘One with two testimonies’, and Ubayy Bin Ka’ab, and Abu Ayoub Al Ansari’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا صَعِدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْمِنْبَرَ تَشَاوَرُوا بَيْنَهُمْ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ وَ اللَّهِ لَنَأْتِيَنَّهُ وَ لَنُنْزِلَنَّهُ عَنْ مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
He-asws said: ‘When Abu Bakr ascended the pulpit, they consulted between them. One of them said to the other, ‘By Allah-azwj! We should go to him and bring him down from the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُونَ مِنْهُمْ وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ إِذاً لَأَعَنْتُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ قَدْ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ فَانْطَلَقُوا بِنَا إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِنَسْتَشِيرَهُ وَ نَسْتَطْلِعَ رَأْيَهُ
And others from them said, ‘By Allah-azwj! If you were to do that, you will let yourselves be cursed, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Said: and cast not yourselves to destruction with your own hands [2:195]. So, let us go to Amir Al-Momineen-asws in order to consult him-asws and be notified of his-asws view.
فَانْطَلَقَ الْقَوْمُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ فَقَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تَرَكْتَ حَقّاً أَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ وَ أَوْلَى مِنْهُ لِأَنَّا سَمِعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ عَلِيٌّ مَعَ الْحَقِّ وَ الْحَقُّ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ يَمِيلُ مَعَ الْحَقِّ كَيْفَ مَالَ
The group in their entirety went to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and they said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! You-asws left a right which you-asws are more rightful with it and foremost from it, because we did hear Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Ali-asws is with the truth and the truth is with Ali-asws. He-asws inclines with the truth howsoever he-asws inclines’.
وَ لَقَدْ هَمَمْنَا أَنْ نَصِيرَ إِلَيْهِ فَنُنْزِلَهُ عَنْ مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَجِئنَاكَ نَسْتَشِيرُكَ وَ نَسْتَطْلِعُ رَأْيَكَ فِيمَا تَأْمُرُنَا
And we have thought of going to him and bring him down from the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww, so we have come to you-asws to consult you-asws and to be notified of your-asws view in what you-asws are instructing us’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ لَمَا كُنْتُمْ لَهُمْ إِلَّا حَرْباً وَ لَكِنَّكُمْ كَالْمِلْحِ فِي الزَّادِ وَ كَالْكُحْلِ فِي الْعَيْنِ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘And I-asws swear by Allah-azwj! If you were to do that, you would only be at war to them, but you are like the salt in the food, and like the Kohl in the eyes.
وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ لَأَتَيْتُمُونِي شَاهِرِينَ أَسْيَافَكُمْ مُسْتَعِدِّينَ لِلْحَرْبِ وَ الْقِتَالِ إِذَا لأتوني [أَتَوْنِي] فَقَالُوا لِي بَايِعْ وَ إِلَّا قَتَلْنَاكَ فَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَدْفَعَ الْقَوْمَ عَنْ نَفْسِي
And I-asws swear by Allah-azwj! if you were to do that, you will be coming to me-asws brandishing your swords preparing for the war and the fighting, then they would come to me-asws and say to me-asws, ‘Either pledge allegiance of else we will kill you-asws’. Thus, there would be no escape for me-asws from defending myself-asws from the people.
وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَوْعَزَ إِلَيَّ قَبْلَ وَفَاتِهِ قَالَ لِي يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ إِنَّ الْأُمَّةَ سَتَغْدِرُ بِكَ بَعْدِي وَ تَنْقُضُ فِيكَ عَهْدِي وَ إِنَّكَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى وَ إِنَّ الْأُمَّةَ مِنْ بَعْدِي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ وَ السَّامِرِيِّ وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ
And that is because Rasool-Allah-saww had instructed to me-asws before his-saww expiry saying: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! The community will be treacherous with you-asws after me-saww, and break my-saww covenant regarding you-asws, and you-asws are from me-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as, and that the community from after me-saww are at the status of Haroun-as and the ones who followed him-as, and Al-Samiri-la and the ones who followed him-la’.
فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمَا تَعْهَدُ إِلَيَّ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِنْ وَجَدْتَ أَعْوَاناً فَبَادِرْ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ جَاهِدْهُمْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً كُفَّ يَدَكَ وَ احْقِنْ دَمَكَ حَتَّى تَلْحَقَ بِي مَظْلُوماً
I-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! So, what is your-saww pact to me-asws, when that happens?’ He-saww said: ‘If you-asws were to find supporters, then rush towards them and fight them, but if you-asws do not find supporters, restrain your-asws hand and save your-asws blood until you-asws join up with me-saww, as an oppressed one-asws’.
وَ لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص اشْتَغَلْتُ بِغُسْلِهِ وَ تَكْفِينِهِ وَ الْفَرَاغِ مِنْ شَأْنِهِ ثُمَّ آلَيْتُ يَمِيناً أَنْ لَا أَرْتَدِيَ إِلَّا لِلصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى أَجْمَعَ الْقُرْآنَ فَفَعَلْتُ
And when Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, I-asws was pre-occupied with washing him-saww, and enshrouding him-saww, and to be free from his-saww affairs. Then I-asws swore an oath that I-asws will not wear my-asws robe except for the Salat until I-asws gather the Quran. I-asws did so.
ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ بِيَدِ فَاطِمَةَ وَ ابْنَيَّ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ فَدُرْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ وَ أَهْلِ السَّابِقَةِ فَنَاشَدْتُهُمْ حَقِّي وَ دَعَوْتُهُمْ إِلَى نُصْرَتِي فَمَا أَجَابَنِي مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةُ رَهْطٍ مِنْهُمْ سَلْمَانُ وَ عَمَّارٌ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ لَقَدْ رَاوَدْتُ فِي ذَلِكَ تَقْيِيدَ بَيِّنَتِي
Then I-asws grabbed a hand of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and my-asws two sons-asws Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and circled unto the people of Badr, and the foremost people adjuring them of my-asws rights and called them to help me-asws. But no one from them answered me-asws except a group of four, from them being Salman-ra, and Ammar-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and I-asws had gone regarding that as an emphasis of my-asws proof.
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ عَلَى السُّكُوتِ لِمَا عَلِمْتُمْ مِنْ وَغْرِ صُدُورِ الْقَوْمِ وَ بُغْضِهِمْ لِلَّهِ وَ لِرَسُولِهِ وَ لِأَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّهِ ص
Therefore, fear Allah-azwj upon the silence due to what you well know of the venom (hatred) in the chests of the people and their hatred of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and for People-asws of the Household of His-azwj Prophet-saww.
فَانْطَلِقُوا بِأَجْمَعِكُمْ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ فَعَرِّفُوهُ مَا سَمِعْتُمْ مِنْ قَوْلِ رَسُولِكُمْ ص لِيَكُونَ ذَلِكَ أَوْكَدَ لِلْحُجَّةِ وَ أَبْلَغَ لِلْعُذْرِ وَ أَبْعَدَ لَهُمْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا وَرَدُوا عَلَيْهِ
So, all of you go to the man (Abu Bakr) and let him know of what you heard from the words of your Rasool-saww for that to become a confirmation of the proof, and a denouncement of the excuse, and remoteness of theirs from Rasool-Allah-saww when they do arrive to him-saww’.
فَسَارَ الْقَوْمُ حَتَّى أَحْدَقُوا بِمِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ كَانَ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ فَلَمَّا صَعِدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْمِنْبَرَ قَالَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ لِلْأَنْصَارِ تَقَدَّمُوا فَتَكَلَّمُوا وَ قَالَ الْأَنْصَارُ لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ بَلْ تَكَلَّمُوا أَنْتُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَدْنَاكُمْ فِي كِتَابِهِ إِذْ قَالَ اللَّهُ لَقَدْ تَابَ اللَّهُ بِالنَّبِيِّ عَلَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ
The group went until they encircled the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww, and it was the day of Friday. When Abu Bakr ascended the pulpit, the Emigrants said to the Helpers, ‘Go ahead and speak’. And the Helpers said to the Emigrants, ‘But, you speak, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Drawn you nearer when Allah-azwj Said: Allah has Turned (Mercifully) with the Prophet to the Emigrants and the Helpers [9:117]’’.
قَالَ أَبَانٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْعَامَّةَ لَا تَقْرَأُ كَمَا عِنْدَكَ فَقَالَ وَ كَيْفَ تَقْرَأُ يَا أَبَانُ قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنَّهَا تَقْرَأُ لَقَدْ تابَ اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَ الْمُهاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصارِ
Aban Bin Tablugh said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! The general Muslims are not reading it just as is with you-asws’. He-asws said: ‘And how is it being recited, O Aban?’ I said, ‘It is being recited as: Allah has Turned (Mercifully) to the Prophet and the Emigrants and the Helpers [9:117]’.
فَقَالَ وَيْلَهُمْ وَ أَيُّ ذَنْبٍ كَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهُ إِنَّمَا تَابَ اللَّهُ بِهِ عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ
He-asws said: ‘Woe be unto them! And which sin was there for Rasool-Allah-saww until Allah-azwj Turned to him-saww from it? But rather, Allah-azwj Turned with him-saww, to his-saww community’.
فَأَوَّلُ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ ثُمَّ بَاقِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ ثُمَّ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمُ الْأَنْصَارُ
The first one to speak with it (to Abu Bakr) was Khalid Bin Saeed Bin Al-Aas, then the rest of the Emigrants, then from after them, the Helpers’.
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا غُيَّباً عَنْ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَدِمُوا وَ قَدْ تَوَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ هُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَعْلَامُ مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَامَ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَ قَالَ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ وَ نَحْنُ مُحْتَوِشُوهُ يَوْمَ قُرَيْظَةَ حِينَ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ قَدْ قَتَلَ عَلِيٌّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِدَّةً مِنْ صَنَادِيدِ رِجَالِهِمْ وَ أُولِي الْبَأْسِ وَ النَّجْدَةِ مِنْهُمْ
And it is reported that they were absent from the expiry of Rasool-Allah-saww, and they went ahead and made Abu Bakr a ruler, and on that day they were flags of Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww. Khalid Bin Saeed Bin Al-Aas stood up and said, ‘Fear Allah-azwj, O Abu Bakr, for you know well that which Rasool-Allah-saww said, and we had left him-saww alone on the day (battle) of Qureyza, when Allah-azwj Granted victory to him-saww, and on that day Ali-asws had killed a number of their brave men, and ones of evil and the courageous ones from them.
يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِنِّي مُوصِيكُمْ بِوَصِيَّةٍ فَاحْفَظُوهَا وَ مُودِعُكُمْ أَمْراً فَاحْفَظُوهُ أَلَا إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَمِيرُكُمْ بَعْدِي وَ خَلِيفَتِي فِيكُمْ بِذَلِكَ أَوْصَانِي رَبِّي
(He-saww said): ‘O community of the Emigrants and the Helpers! I-saww am advising you with a bequest, and preserving it, a matter of your promise, so keep it. Indeed! Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is your commander after me-saww, and my-saww caliph among you all. My-saww Lord-azwj has Bequeathed me-saww with that.
أَلَا وَ إِنَّكُمْ إِنْ لَمْ تَحْفَظُوا فِيهِ وَصِيَّتِي وَ تُوَازِرُوهُ وَ تَنْصُرُوهُ اخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِي أَحْكَامِكُمْ وَ اضْطَرَبَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَمْرُ دِينِكُمْ وَ وَلِيَكُمْ شِرَارُكُمْ
Indeed! And you, when you do not preserve my-saww bequest regarding him-asws, and (do not) back him-asws and help him-asws, you will be differing in your decisions and the matters of your Religion would waver (tremble) upon you, and your evils ones would rule you.
أَلَا إِنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي هُمُ الْوَارِثُونَ لِأَمْرِي وَ الْعَالِمُونَ بِأَمْرِ أُمَّتِي مِنْ بَعْدِي اللَّهُمَّ مَنْ أَطَاعَهُمْ مِنْ أُمَّتِي وَ حَفِظَ فِيهِمْ وَصِيَّتِي فَاحْشُرْهُمْ فِي زُمْرَتِي وَ اجْعَلْ لَهُمْ نَصِيباً مِنْ مُرَافَقَتِي يُدْرِكُونَ بِهِ نُورَ الْآخِرَةِ
Indeed! The People-asws of my-saww Household, they-asws are the inheritors of my-saww commands, and knowledge with the matters of my-saww community from after me-saww. O Allah-azwj! One from my-saww community who obeys them-asws and preserves my-saww bequest regarding him-asws, Resurrect them in my-saww group, and Make a share to beng across the Noor of the Hereafter by it. for them from my-saww friendship, comi
اللَّهُمَّ وَ مَنْ أَسَاءَ خِلَافَتِي فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي فَاحْرِمْهُ الْجَنَّةَ الَّتِي عَرْضُها كَعَرْضِ السَّماءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ
O Allah-azwj! And the one who damages my-saww caliphate regarding People-asws of my-saww Household, Deprive him the Paradise, the expanse of it is like the sky and the earth’’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ اسْكُتْ يَا خَالِدُ فَلَسْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَشُورَةِ وَ لَا مِمَّنْ يُقْتَدَى بِرَأْيِهِ فَقَالَ خَالِدٌ اسْكُتْ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَإِنَّكَ تَنْطِقُ عَنْ لِسَانِ غَيْرِكَ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمَتْ قُرَيْشٌ أَنَّكَ مِنْ أَلْأَمِهَا حَسَباً وَ أَدْنَاهَا مَنْصَباً وَ أَخَسِّهَا قَدْراً وَ أَخْمَلِهَا ذِكْراً وَ أَقَلِّهِمْ غَنَاءً عَنِ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ وَ إِنَّكَ لَجَبَانٌ فِي الْحُرُوبِ بَخِيلٌ بِالْمَالِ لَئِيمُ الْعُنْصُرِ
Umar Bin Al-Khattab said to him, ‘O Khalid! You aren’t from the ones one can consult with nor from the ones one can be guided by his view’. Khalid said, ‘Quiet, O ibn Al-Khattab, for you are speaking from a tongue other than yours, and I swear by Allah-azwj, Quraysh have known that you are from its general affiliations, and lowest of its lineages, and the worst of its worth, and idlest of its mention, and the least of them reciting about Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and you are a coward during the war, stingy with the wealth, poorest of descent.
مَا لَكَ فِي قُرَيْشٍ مِنْ فَخَرٍ وَ لَا فِي الْحُرُوبِ مِنْ ذِكْرٍ وَ إِنَّكَ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الشَّيْطانِ إِذْ قالَ لِلْإِنْسانِ اكْفُرْ فَلَمَّا كَفَرَ قالَ إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْكَ إِنِّي أَخافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعالَمِينَ فَكانَ عاقِبَتَهُما أَنَّهُما فِي النَّارِ خالِدَيْنِ فِيها وَ ذلِكَ جَزاءُ الظَّالِمِينَ
There is neither any pride for you among Quraysh, nor any mention for you regarding the wars, and you in this command are at the status of the Satan when he says to the human being, ‘Commit Kufr!’ So when he does commit Kufr, he says, ‘I am disavowed from you. I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds’ [59:16] So both their end-results would be that they would both be in the Fire, abiding eternally therein, and that is a Recompense of the unjust ones [59:17]’.
فَأَبْلَسَ عُمَرُ وَ جَلَسَ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ثُمَّ قَامَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُ وَ قَالَ كرديد و نكرديد و ندانيد چه كرديد أَيْ فَعَلْتُمْ وَ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَ مَا عَلِمْتُمْ مَا فَعَلْتُمْ وَ امْتَنَعَ مِنَ الْبَيْعَةِ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى وُجِئَ عُنُقُهُ
Umar sat down, and Khalid Bin Saeed was seated. Then Salman Al-Farsi-ra stood up and said (in Persian), ‘Kardeed Wa Na Kardeed, Wa Na Daneed Che Kardeed’, i.e. ‘Whether you do and do not do, and you do not know what you are doing’, and he-ra had refused from the allegiance before that until his-ra neck was pained.
فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِلَى مَنْ تُسْنِدُ أَمْرَكَ إِذَا نَزَلَ بِكَ مَا لَا تَعْرِفُهُ وَ إِلَى مَنْ تَفْزَعُ إِذَا سُئِلْتَ عَمَّا لَا تَعْلَمُهُ وَ مَا عُذْرُكَ فِي تَقَدُّمِ مَنْ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكَ وَ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَعْلَمُ بِتَأْوِيلِ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ وَ مَنْ قَدَّمَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص فِي حَيَاتِهِ وَ أَوْصَاكُمْ بِهِ عِنْدَ وَفَاتِهِ
He-ra said, ‘O Abu Bakr! To whom will you go to back up your matter when it befalls with you what you do not recognise, and to whom will you panic when you are asked about what you do not know, and what would be your excuse preceding someone who is more knowledgeable than you are, and closer to Rasool-Allah-saww, and more knowing of the interpretation of the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and Sunnah of His-azwj Prophet-saww, and one whom the Prophet-saww had advanced during his-saww lifetime, and had bequeathed with him-asws during his-saww expiry.
فَنَبَذْتُمْ قَوْلَهُ وَ تَنَاسَيْتُمْ وَصِيَّتَهُ وَ أَخْلَفْتُمُ الْوَعْدَ وَ نَقَضْتُمُ الْعَهْدَ وَ حَلَلْتُمُ الْعَقْدَ الَّذِي كَانَ عَقَدَهُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنَ النُّفُوذِ تَحْتَ رَايَةِ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ حَذَراً مِنْ مِثْلِ مَا أَتَيْتُمُوهُ وَ تَنْبِيهاً لِلْأُمَّةِ عَلَى عَظِيمِ مَا اجْتَرَحْتُمُوهُ مِنْ مُخَالَفَةِ أَمْرِهِ
But, you discarded his-saww words and forgot his-saww bequest, and broke the promise, and broke the pact, and your released the knot which had been tied upon you from enforcement under the flag of Usama Bin Zayd. Be cautioned from the like of what you have come with and a warning to the community upon the grievousness of the opposition of his-saww orders.
فَعَنْ قَلِيلٍ يَصْفُو لَكَ الْأَمْرُ وَ قَدْ أَثْقَلَكَ الْوِزْرُ وَ نُقِلْتَ إِلَى قَبْرِكَ وَ حَمَلْتَ مَعَكَ مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ يَدَاكَ
After a little while the matter would be clear to you, and the burden would be heavier for you, and you will be transferred to your grave, and there would be carried along with you whatever your hands had earned.
فَلَوْ رَاجَعْتَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ قُرْبٍ وَ تَلَافَيْتَ نَفْسَكَ وَ تُبْتَ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ عَظِيمِ مَا اجْتَرَمْتَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ أَقْرَبَ إِلَى نَجَاتِكَ يَوْمَ تَفَرَّدُ فِي حُفْرَتِكَ وَ يُسَلِّمُكَ ذَوُو نُصْرَتِكَ
If you were to revert to the truth from nearby, and avoid yourself, and repent to Allah-azwj from the grievousness of crime what you have committed, that would be nearer to your salvation on the day you will be alone in your grave and won’t be surrounded by the ones who are helping you (now).
فَقَدْ سَمِعْتَ كَمَا سَمِعْنَا وَ رَأَيْتَ كَمَا رَأَيْنَا فَلَمْ يَرْدَعْكَ ذَلِكَ عَمَّا أَنْتَ مُتَشَبِّثٌ بِهِ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ الَّذِي لَا عُذْرَ لَكَ فِي تَقَلُّدِهِ وَ لَا حَظَّ لِلدِّينِ وَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي قِيَامِكَ بِهِ فَاللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي نَفْسِكَ فَقَدْ أَعْذَرَ مَنْ أَنْذَرَ وَ لَا تَكُنْ كَمَنْ أَدْبَرَ وَ اسْتَكْبَرَ
You have heard as what we heard, and seen as what we saw, and that did not deter you from what you are clinging on with of this command which there is no excuse for you to be collared with, nor is there any share for the Religion and the Muslims regarding your standing with it. So Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj regarding yourself, for the one who is warned would be excused and will not be like the one who turns around and is arrogant!’
ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَقَالَ يَا مَعَاشِرَ قُرَيْشٍ أَصَبْتُمْ قَبَاحَةً وَ تَرَكْتُمْ قَرَابَةً وَ اللَّهِ لَتَرْتَدَّنَّ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَ لَتَشُكَّنَّ فِي هَذَا الدِّينِ وَ لَوْ جَعَلْتُمُ الْأَمْرَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ مَا اخْتَلَفَ عَلَيْكُمْ سَيْفَانِ
Then Abu Zarr-ra stood up and said, ‘O community of Quraysh! You have attained ugliness and you neglected kinship. By Allah-azwj! A group of the Arabs will be reneging and doubting in this Religion, and if you were to make the command to be in People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww, no two swords would differ upon you.
وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ صَارَتْ لِمَنْ غَلَبَ وَ لَتَطْمَحَنَ إِلَيْهَا عَيْنُ مَنْ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا وَ لَيُسْفَكَنَّ فِي طَلَبِهَا دِمَاءٌ كَثِيرَةٌ فَكَانَ كَمَا قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ
By Allah-azwj! You have come to the one who has overcome and been reassured to it supporting one who isn’t from its rightful ones, and you will be spilling a lot of blood in seeking it’. It transpired just as Abu Zarr-ra had said.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ وَ عَلِمَ خِيَارُكُمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ الْأَمْرُ بَعْدِي لِعَلِيٍّ ثُمَّ لِابْنَيَّ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ثُمَّ لِلطَّاهِرِينَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِي
Then he-ra said, ‘You have known and so have your chosen ones, that Rasool-Allah-saww had said: ‘The command after me-saww is for Ali-asws, then for my-saww two sons-asws Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, then for the pure ones from my-saww offspring’.
فَاطَّرَحْتُمْ قَوْلَ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَ تَنَاسَيْتُمْ مَا عَهِدَ بِهِ إِلَيْكُمْ فَأَطَعْتُمُ الدُّنْيَا الْفَانِيَةَ وَ بِعْتُمُ الْآخِرَةَ الْبَاقِيَةَ الَّتِي لَا يَهْرَمُ شَبَابُهَا وَ لَا يَزُولُ نَعِيمُهَا وَ لَا يَحْزَنُ أَهْلُهَا وَ لَا تَمُوتُ سُكَّانُهَا بِالْحَقِيرِ التَّافِهِ الْفَانِي الزَّائِلِ
But, you rejected the words of your Prophet-saww and forsook what he-saww had vowed among you all, and you came to the perishing worlds and sold the ever-lasting Hereafter, which its youths do not age, nor doe its bounties decline, nor do its inhabitants grieve, nor do its dwellers die, for (the sake of) the vile, the temporal, the declining (world).
وَ كَذَلِكَ الْأُمَمُ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ كَفَرَتْ بَعْدَ أَنْبِيَائِهَا وَ نَكَصَتْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهَا وَ غَيَّرَتْ وَ بَدَّلَتْ وَ اخْتَلَفَتْ فَسَاوَيْتُمُوهُمْ حَذْوَ النَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ وَ الْقُذَّةِ بِالْقُذَّةِ وَ عَمَّا قَلِيلٍ تَذُوقُونَ وَبَالَ أَمْرِكُمْ وَ تُجْزَوْنَ بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَ مَا اللَّهُ بِظَلَّامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ
And like that were the communities from before you. They disbelieved after their Prophets-as and turned back upon their heels, and changed, and replaced, and opposed. So, (now) you have equalled them, step of the slipper with the slipper, and the arrow with the arrow (in a quiver), and after a little while you will be tasting the evil consequences of your affairs, and be Recompensed for what your hands had sent ahead, and Allah-azwj is not the least unjust to the servants’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ وَ قَالَ ارْجِعْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَنْ ظُلْمِكَ وَ تُبْ إِلَى رَبِّكَ وَ الْزَمْ بَيْتَكَ وَ ابْكِ عَلَى خَطِيئَتِكَ وَ سَلِّمِ الْأَمْرَ لِصَاحِبِهِ الَّذِي هُوَ أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْكَ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا عَقَدَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي عُنُقِكَ مِنْ بَيْعَتِهِ وَ أَلْزَمَكَ مِنَ النُّفُوذِ تَحْتَ رَايَةِ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ وَ هُوَ مَوْلَاهُ
The Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-ra and said, ‘Return, O Abu Bakr, from darkness, and repent to your Lord-azwj, and stay in your house, and cry upon your mistake, and submit the command to its owner, the one who is foremost with it than you are. You have known what Rasool-Allah-saww had pacted in your necks of his-asws allegiance, and necessitated you of enforcement under the flag of Usama Bin Azyd, and he-asws is your Master-asws.
وَ نَبَّهَ عَلَى بُطْلَانِ وُجُوبِ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ لَكَ وَ لِمَنْ عَضَدَكَ عَلَيْهِ بِضَمِّهِ لَكُمَا إِلَى عَلَمِ النِّفَاقِ وَ مَعْدِنِ الشَّنَآنِ وَ الشِّقَاقِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ ص إِنَّ شانِئَكَ هُوَ الْأَبْتَرُ
And he-saww alerted upon invalidating the obligation of this command being for you, and for the one who supported you upon it, by pressing both of you to the flag of hypocrisy and mine of atrocity and the wretched one, Amro Bin Al-Aas, for whom Allah-azwj the Exalted regarding him upon His-azwj Prophet-saww, Surely your adversary, he is the one without posterity [108:3].
فَلَا اخْتِلَافَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي عَمْرٍو وَ هُوَ كَانَ أَمِيراً عَلَيْكُمَا وَ عَلَى سَائِرِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِي الْوَقْتِ الَّذِي أَنْفَذَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي غَزَاةِ ذَاتِ السَّلَاسِلِ وَ أَنَّ عَمْراً قَلَّدَكُمَا حَرْسَ عَسْكَرِهِ فَمِنَ الْحَرْسِ إِلَى الْخِلَافَةِ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ بَادِرِ الِاسْتِقَالَةَ قَبْلَ فَوْتِهَا فَإِنَ ذَلِكَ أَسْلَمُ لَكَ فِي حَيَاتِكَ وَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِكَ وَ لَا تَرْكَنْ إِلَى دُنْيَاكَ وَ لَا تَغْرُرْكَ قُرَيْشٌ وَ غَيْرُهَا
There is not differing between the people of knowledge that it was Revealed regarding Amro, and he was a ruler upon you both, and upon the rest of the hypocrites, during the time in which Rasool-Allah-saww accomplished it during the military expedition of Zat Al-Salasil, and that Amro collared you two with greed of his-saww soldiers. So, from the greed to the caliphate, fear Allah-azwj, and rush to the resignation before it (opportunity) is lost, for that would be safe for you during your lifetime and after your death, and do not incline to your world nor let Quraysh and its pride deceive you.
فَعَنْ قَلِيلٍ تَضْمَحِلُّ عَنْكَ دُنْيَاكَ ثُمَّ تَصِيرُ إِلَى رَبِّكَ فَيَجْزِيكَ بِعَمَلِكَ وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ وَ تَيَقَّنْتَ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع صَاحِبُ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَسَلَّمَهُ إِلَيْهِ بِمَا جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَهُ فَإِنَّهُ أَتَمُّ لِسَتْرِكَ وَ أَخَفُّ لِوِزْرِكَ فَقَدْ وَ اللَّهِ نَصَحْتُ لَكَ إِنْ قَبِلْتَ نُصْحِي وَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ الْأُمُورُ
After a little while, your world will disappear, then you will come to your Lord, and He-azwj will Inform you of your deeds, and you have known that Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is the (real) owner of this command after Rasool-Allah-saww, so submit it to him-asws with what Allah-azwj has Made it to be for him-asws, for it would be an achievement for your veiling, and a lightening of your burden. By Allah-azwj! I-ra have advised to you if you accept my-ra advice, And to Allah return (all) the matters [2:210]’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ بُرَيْدَةُ الْأَسْلَمِيُ فَقَالَ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ مَا ذَا لَقِيَ الْحَقُّ مِنَ الْبَاطِلِ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَ نَسِيتَ أَمْ تَنَاسَيْتَ أَمْ خَدَعَتْكَ نَفْسُكَ سَوَّلَتْ لَكَ الْأَبَاطِيلَ أَ وَ لَمْ تَذْكُرْ مَا أَمَرَنَا بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ تَسْمِيَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ النَّبِيُّ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا وَ قَوْلَهُ فِي عِدَّةِ أَوْقَاتٍ هَذَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ قَاتِلُ الْقَاسِطِينَ
Then Bureyda Al-Aslamy stood up and said, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and we are returning to Him-azwj! What is the truth from the falsehood have you found, O Abu Bakr, are you forgetting or pretending to forget, or are you deceiving yourself? Have the falsehoods enticed you or do you not remember what Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered us with naming Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’ and the Prophet-saww was in our midst, and his-saww words in a number of times: ‘This is Amir Al-Momineen, killer of the renegades.
فَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ تَدَارَكْ نَفْسَكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ لَا تُدْرِكَهَا وَ أَنْقِذْهَا مِمَّا يُهْلِكُهُا وَ ارْدُدِ الْأَمْرَ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْكَ وَ لَا تَتَمَادَ فِي اغْتِصَابِهِ وَ رَاجِعْ وَ أَنْتَ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَرَاجَعَ فَقَدْ مَحَضْتُكَ النُّصْحَ وَ دَلَلْتُكَ عَلَى طَرِيقِ النَّجَاةِ فَلَا تَكُونَنَّ ظَهِيراً لِلْمُجْرِمِينَ
Therefore fear Allah-azwj and rectify yourself before you cannot rectify it anymore from what would destroy it, and return the command to the one who is more rightful with it than you are, and do not continue in raping it, and return while you are able to return and the advice has been given to you and you have been pointed upon the path of salvation, so do not become a support of the criminals’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَقَالَ يَا مَعَاشِرَ قُرَيْشٍ يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ عَلِمْتُمْ وَ إِلَّا فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ أَوْلَى بِهِ وَ أَحَقُّ بِإِرْثِهِ وَ أَقْوَمُ بِأُمُورِ الدِّينِ وَ آمَنُ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ أَحْفَظُ لِمِلَّتِهِ وَ أَنْصَحُ لِأُمَّتِهِ
Then Ammar Bin Yasser stood up and said, ‘O community of Quraysh! O community of Muslims! If you know, or else so know that People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww are foremost with it and more rightful with inheriting it, and straighter for the matters of the Religion, and safer upon the Momineen, and more protective of His-azwj nation, and more advisory for his-saww community.
فَمُرُوا صَاحِبَكُمْ فَلْيَرُدَّ الْحَقَّ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَضْطَرِبَ حَبْلُكُمْ وَ يَضْعُفَ أَمْرُكُمْ وَ يَظْفَرَ عَدُوُّكُمْ وَ يَظْهَرَ شَتَاتُكُمْ وَ تُعْظُمَ الْفِتْنَةُ بِكُمْ وَ تَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ وَ يَطْمَعَ فِيكُمْ عَدُوُّكُمْ
So, instruct your companion (Umar) to let you return the right to its rightful one before your ropes are disturbed and your affairs are weakened, and your enemies win, and your disapproval appears, and the Fitna becomes large with you, and you differ in what is between you, and your enemies covet regarding you.
فَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ أَنَّ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ أَوْلَى بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ وَ عَلِيٌّ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ وَلِيُّكُمْ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَ بِرَسُولِهِ وَ فَرْقٌ ظَاهِرٌ قَدْ عَرَفْتُمُوهُ فِي حَالٍ بَعْدَ حَالٍ عِنْدَ سَدِّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَبْوَابَكُمُ الَّتِي كَانَتْ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَسَدَّهَا كُلَّهَا غَيْرَ بَابِهِ وَ إِيثَارِهِ إِيَّاهُ بِكَرِيمَتِهِ فَاطِمَةَ دُونَ سَائِرِ مَنْ خَطَبَهَا إِلَيْهِ مِنْكُمْ
You have known that the Clan of Hashim-asws are foremost with the command than you all are, and Ali-asws is your Master-asws from between you due to the pact of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the apparent difference which you have recognised during a situation after situation, by the Prophet-saww closing your doors which were opening to the Masjid, so he-saww closed all of these apart from his-asws door, and his-saww preferring him-asws for his-saww prestigious (Syeda) Fatima-asws besides the rest of the ones from you who had proposed for her-asws to him-saww.
وَ قَوْلِهِ ص أَنَا مَدِينَةُ الْعِلْمِ وَ عَلِيٌّ بَابُهَا فَمَنْ أَرَادَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَلْيَأْتِهَا مِنْ بَابِهَا وَ أَنْتُمْ جَمِيعاً مُصْطَرِخُونَ فِيمَا أَشْكَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ أُمُورِ دِينِكُمْ إِلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ مُسْتَغْنٍ عَنْ كُلِّ أَحَدٍ مِنْكُمْ إِلَى مَا لَهُ مِنَ السَّوَابِقِ الَّتِي لَيْسَتْ لِأَفْضَلِكُمْ عِنْدَ نَفْسِهِ
And his-saww words: ‘I-saww am the city of knowledge and Ali-asws is its door, so the one who wants the wisdom, then let him come to it from its door’, and all of you (have to) depend on him-asws regarding what is confusing upon you from the matter of your religion, while he-asws is needless from each one of you, due to what is for him-asws of the precedents (from Allah-azwj) which isn’t even for your superior ones in the presence of his own self.
فَمَا بَالُكُمْ تَحِيدُونَ عَنْهُ وَ تُغِيرُونَ عَلَى حَقِّهِ وَ تُؤْثِرُونَ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا عَلَى الْآخِرَةِ بِئْسَ لِلظَّالِمِينَ بَدَلًا أَعْطُوهُ مَا جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ لَا تَتَوَلَّوْا عَنْهُ مُدْبِرِينَ وَ لَا تَرْتَدُّوا عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ فَتَنْقَلِبُوا خاسِرِينَ
So what is the matter with you all overriding about him-asws and changing upon his-asws rights, and preferring the life of the world over the Hereafter. Evil it is for the unjust ones as a replacement. Give him-asws what Allah-azwj had Made it to be for him-asws, and do not turn around backwards from him-asws nor renege upon your heels, for you will overturn to be losers’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَا تَجْحَدْ حَقّاً جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لِغَيْرِكَ وَ لَا تَكُنْ أَوَّلَ مَنْ عَصَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي وَصِيِّهِ وَ صَفِيِّهِ وَ صَدَفَ عَنْ أَمْرِهِ ارْدُدِ الْحَقَّ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ تَسْلَمْ وَ لَا تَتَمَادَ فِي غَيِّكَ فَتَنْدَمَ وَ بَادِرِ الْإِنَابَةَ يَخِفَّ وِزْرُكَ
The Ubay Bin Ka’ab stood up and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Do not reject right which Allah-azwj has Made to be for others, nor become the first one to disobey Rasool-Allah-saww regarding his-saww successor-asws and his-saww Elite, and turn away from his-saww orders. Return the truth to its rightful one-asws. Submit and do not continue in your error, for you will regret, and take a representative step in lightening your burden.
وَ لَا تُخَصِّصْ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَجْعَلْهُ اللَّهُ لَكَ نَفْسَكَ فَتَلْقَى وَبَالَ عَمَلِكَ فَعَنْ قَلِيلٍ تُفَارِقُ مَا أَنْتَ فِيهِ وَ تَصِيرُ إِلَى رَبِّكَ فَيَسْأَلُكَ عَمَّا جَنَيْتَ وَ ما رَبُّكَ بِظَلَّامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ
And do not specialise yourself with this command which Allah-azwj did not Make it to be for you, for you will face the evil results of your deeds, for after a little while, you will separate from what you are in and you will come to your Lord-azwj, and He-azwj will Question you about what crime you committed, and your Lord-azwj is not the least unjust to the servants’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ خُزَيْمَةُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَبِلَ شَهَادَتِي وَحْدِي وَ لَمْ يُرِدْ مَعِي غَيْرِي قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ فَأَشْهَدُ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَقُولُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي يَفْرُقُونَ بَيْنَ الْحَقِّ وَ الْبَاطِلِ وَ هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ الَّذِينَ يُقْتَدَى بِهِمْ وَ قَدْ قُلْتُ مَا عَلِمْتُ وَ ما عَلَى الرَّسُولِ إِلَّا الْبَلاغُ الْمُبِينُ
Then Khuzeyman Bin Sabit stood up and said, ‘O you people! Don’t you know that Rasool-Allah-saww accepted my lone testimony and did not refer to anyone (else) with me?’ They said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So, I hereby testify that I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household are distinguisher between the truth and the falsehood, and they-asws are the Imams-asws, those one can be guided by them-asws, and I-saww have said it: and it is not upon the Rasool except for the clear delivery (of the Message)’ [24:54]’’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التَّيِّهَانِ فَقَالَ وَ أَنَا أَشْهَدُ عَلَى نَبِيِّنَا ص أَنَّهُ أَقَامَ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَعْنِي فِي يَوْمِ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ
Then Abu Al-Haysam Bin Al-Tayhan stood up and said, ‘And I testify upon our Prophet-saww that he-saww has established Ali-asws, meaning during the day of Ghadeer Khumm’.
فَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ مَا أَقَامَهُ إِلَّا لِلْخِلَافَةِ وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ مَا أَقَامَهُ إِلَّا لِيَعْلَمَ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ مَوْلَى مَنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَوْلَاهُ وَ أَكْثَرُوا الْخَوْضَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَبَعَثْنَا رِجَالًا مِنَّا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَسَأَلُوهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ
The Helpers has said, ‘He-saww did not establish him-asws except for the caliphate’. And some of them said, ‘He-saww did not establish him-asws except for the people to know he-asws is a Master-asws of the one Rasool-Allah-saww was his Master-saww’, and the discussion regarding that was a lot, so we sent men from us to Rasool-Allah-saww and they asked him-saww about that.
فَقَالَ قُولُوا لَهُمْ عَلِيٌّ ع وَلِيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بَعْدِي وَ أَنْصَحُ النَّاسِ لِأُمَّتِي وَ قَدْ شَهِدْتُ بِمَا حَضَرَنِي فَمَنْ شاءَ فَلْيُؤْمِنْ وَ مَنْ شاءَ فَلْيَكْفُرْ إِنَّ يَوْمَ الْفَصْلِ كانَ مِيقاتاً
He-saww said: ‘Say to them, ‘Ali-asws is a guardian of the Momineen after me-saww, and the most advising of the people for my-saww community, and those who were present with me-saww had witnessed, So the one who so desires to, let him believe, and the one who so desires to, let him disbelieve’. [18:29]’’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ سَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ اشْهَدُوا عَلَيَّ أَنِّي أَشْهَدُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ فِي هَذَا الْمَكَانِ يَعْنِي الرَّوْضَةَ وَ هُوَ آخِذٌ بِيَدِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ
Then Sahl Bin Huneyf stood up, and he praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj and sent Salawat upon the Prophet-saww Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws, then said, ‘O community of Quraysh! Bear witness upon me that I testify upon Rasool-Allah-saww, and I had seen him-saww in this place, meaning the orchard, and he-saww had held a hand of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and he-saww was saying:
أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ هَذَا عَلِيٌّ إِمَامُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ وَصِيِّي فِي حَيَاتِي وَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِي وَ قَاضِي دَينِي وَ مُنْجِزُ وَعْدِي وَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ يُصَافِحُنِي عَلَى حَوْضِي فَطُوبَى لِمَنْ تَبِعَهُ وَ نَصَرَهُ وَ الْوَيْلُ لِمَنْ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُ وَ خَذَلَهُ
‘This Ali-asws is your Imam-asws from after me-saww, and my-saww successor during my-saww lifetime, and after my-saww expiry, and payer of my-saww debts, and fulfiller of my-saww promised, and the first one to shake my-saww hand at my-saww Fountain. So, beatitude is for the one who follows him-asws, and helps him-asws, and the woe be for the one who stays behind from him-asws, and abandons him-asws’’.
وَ قَامَ مَعَهُ أَخُوهُ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ فَقَالَ سَمِعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي نُجُومُ الْأَرْضِ فَلَا تَتَقَدَّمُوهُمْ وَ قَدِّمُوهُمْ فَهُمُ الْوُلَاةُ بَعْدِي فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ أَيُّ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ فَقَالَ ص عَلَيٌّ وَ الطَّاهِرُونَ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ
And his brother Usman Bin Huneyf stood with him. He said, ‘We heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household are stars of the earth, so do not be preceding them-asws, and advance them-asws, for they-asws are the rulers after me-saww’. So a man stood up to him-saww and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And which People-asws of your-saww Household?’ He-saww said: ‘Ali-asws and the pure one from his-asws sons-asws’.
وَ قَدْ بَيَّنَ ع فَلَا تَكُنْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَوَّلَ كافِرٍ بِهِ وَ لا تَخُونُوا اللَّهَ وَ الرَّسُولَ وَ تَخُونُوا أَماناتِكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
And it has become clear, O Abu Bakr, and do not become the first disbeliever by it [2:41] Do not betray Allah and the Rasool and betray your entrustment while you know [8:27]’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَ رُدُّوا إِلَيْهِمْ حَقَّهُمُ الَّذِي جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ فَقَدْ سَمِعْتُمْ مِثْلَ مَا سَمِعَ إِخْوَانُنَا فِي مَقَامٍ بَعْدَ مَقَامٍ لِنَبِيِّنَا ع وَ مَجْلِسٍ بَعْدَ مَجْلِسٍ يَقُولُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي أَئِمَّتُكُمْ بَعْدِي
Then Abu Ayoub Al-Ansari stood up and said, ‘Fear Allah-azwj regarding People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww, and return their-asws rights to them-asws which Allah-azwj has Made to be for them-asws, for you have heard what our brothers have heard in place after a place of our Prophet-saww, and gathering after a gathering saying: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household are your Imams-asws after me;
وَ يُومِئُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع وَ يَقُولُ هَذَا أَمِيرُ الْبَرَرَةِ وَ قَاتِلُ الْكَفَرَةِ مَخْذُولٌ مَنْ خَذَلَهُ مَنْصُورٌ مَنْ نَصَرَهُ فَتُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ ظُلْمِكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَوَّابٌ رَحِيمٌ وَ لَا تَتَوَلَّوْا عَنْهُ مُدْبِرِينَ وَ لَا تَتَوَلَّوْا عَنْهُ مُعْرِضِينَ
And he-saww had gestured towards Ali-asws and said: ‘This is Emir of the righteous ones and killer of the disbelievers. Abandoned the one who abandons him-asws, and Helped is the one who helps him-asws, therefore repent to Allah-azwj from your injustices, surely Allah-azwj is oft-Turning, Merciful, and do not turn around backwards from him, and do not turn around from him-asws, turning away from him-asws’.
قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع فَأُفْحِمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ حَتَّى لَمْ يُحِرْ جَوَاباً ثُمَّ قَالَ وَلِيتُكُمْ وَ لَسْتُ بِخَيْرِكُمْ أَقِيلُونِي أَقِيلُونِي
Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Abu Bakr was confounded upon the pulpit to the extent that he could not respond with an answer. Then he said, ‘I am your ruler and I am not the best one of you. Dismiss me! Dismiss me!’
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ انْزِلْ عَنْهَا يَا لُكَعُ إِذَا كُنْتَ لَا تَقُومُ بِحُجَجِ قُرَيْشٍ لِمَ أَقَمْتَ نَفْسَكَ هَذَا الْمَقَامَ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَخْلَعَكَ وَ أَجْعَلَهَا فِي سَالِمٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ
Umar Bin Al-Khattab said, ‘Come down from it, O vile (evil) one, when you were not going to stand with argumentation of Quraysh, you did not stand yourself in this place. By Allah-azwj! I had thought of vacating you and making it to be in Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa’.
قَالَ فَنَزَلَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ وَ انْطَلَقَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ وَ بَقُوا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ لَا يَدْخُلُونَ مَسْجِدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الرَّابِعِ جَاءَهُمْ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَ مَعَهُ أَلْفُ رَجُلٍ وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ مَا جُلُوسُكُمْ فَقَدْ طَمَعَ فِيهَا وَ اللَّهِ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ
He-asws said: ‘He came down, then held his hand and went to his house, and they remained for three days not entering the Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww. When it was the fourth day, Khalid Bin Al-Waleed came to them and with him were a thousand men, and he said to them, ‘Why are you not gathering and the Clan of Hashim-asws are eager for it’.
وَ جَاءَهُمْ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَ مَعَهُ أَلْفُ رَجُلٍ وَ جَاءَهُمْ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ وَ مَعَهُ أَلْفُ رَجُلٍ فَمَا زَالَ يَجْتَمِعُ رَجُلٌ رَجُلٌ حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ رَجُلٍ فَخَرَجُوا شَاهِرِينَ أَسْيَافَهُمْ يَقْدُمُهُمْ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ حَتَّى وَقَفُوا بِمَسْجِدِ النَّبِيِّ ص
And Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa came to them and with him were a thousand men, and Muaz Bin Jabal came to them and with him were a thousand men. Men after men did not cease to gather until four thousand men had gathered, and they came out brandishing their swords, leading them was Umar Bin Al-Khattab, until they paused at the Masjid of the Prophet-saww.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَ اللَّهِ يَا صَحَابَةَ عَلِيٍّ لَئِنْ ذَهَبَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْكُمْ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِالَّذِي تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ بِالْأَمْسِ لَنَأْخُذَنَّ الَّذِي فِيهِ عَيْنَاهُ
Umar said, ‘By Allah-azwj, O companions of Ali-asws! If the man from you were to go around speaking with that which was spoken with yesterday, we shall seize that which is in his eyes’.
فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ الْحَبَشِيَّةِ أَ بِأَسْيَافِكُمْ تُهَدِّدُونَّا أَمْ بِجَمْعِكُمْ تُفْزِعُونَّا وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أَسْيَافَنَا أَحَدُّ مِنْ أَسْيَافِكُمْ وَ إِنَّا لَأَكْثَرُ مِنْكُمْ وَ إِنْ كُنَّا قَلِيلِينَ لِأَنَّ حُجَّةَ اللَّهِ فِينَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَا أَنِّي أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ طَاعَةَ إِمَامِي أَوْلَى بِي لَشَهَرْتُ سَيَفِي وَ لَجَاهَدْتُكُمْ فِي اللَّهِ إِلَى أَنْ أُبْلِيَ عُذْرِي
Khalid Bin Saeed Bin Al-Aas stood up to him and said, ‘O Ibn Suhaak the wicked! Are you limiting us with your swords or alarming us with your gathering? By Allah-azwj! Our swords are sharper than your swords, and we are more than you are, and even though they are few (in number), because the Divine Authority of Allah-azwj is among us. By Allah-azwj! Had I not known that obedience to my Imam-asws is foremost with me, I would have unsheathed my sword and fought you for the Sake of Allah-azwj until my excuse was done’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ا&