حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْبَاقِرِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ زَيْنِ الْعَابِدِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَيِّدِ الشُّهَدَاءِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَيِّدِ الْوَصِيِّينَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص خَطَبَنَا ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ
Muhammad Bin Ibrahim narrated to us saying, ‘Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Hamdany narrated to us saying, ‘Ali Bin Al Hasan Bin Fazzal narrated to us, from his father,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws father-asws Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws Al-Baqir Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws Zayn Al-Abideen Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his-asws father-asws Syed Al-Shohada Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws the Chief of the successors-as Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said that Rasool-Allah-saww addressed with a sermon one day, so he-saww said:
فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَقْبَلَ إِلَيْكُمْ شَهْرُ اللَّهِ بِالْبَرَكَةِ وَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ الْمَغْفِرَةِ شَهْرٌ هُوَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَفْضَلُ الشُّهُورِ وَ أَيَّامُهُ أَفْضَلُ الْأَيَّامِ وَ لَيَالِيهِ أَفْضَلُ اللَّيَالِي وَ سَاعَاتُهُ أَفْضَلُ السَّاعَاتِ هُوَ شَهْرٌ دُعِيتُمْ فِيهِ إِلَى ضِيَافَةِ اللَّهِ وَ جُعِلْتُمْ فِيهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ كَرَامَةِ اللَّهِ أَنْفَاسُكُمْ فِيهِ تَسْبِيحٌ وَ نَوْمُكُمْ فِيهِ عِبَادَةٌ وَ عَمَلُكُمْ فِيهِ مَقْبُولٌ وَ دُعَاؤُكُمْ فِيهِ مُسْتَجَابٌ
‘O you people! A Month of Allah-azwj has come towards you with the Blessings, and the Mercy. A Month which, in the Presence of Allah-azwj, is the most superior of the months, and its days are the most superior of the days, and its nights are the most superior of the nights, and its moments are the most superior of the moments. It is a Month in which you are invited to be the guests of Allah-azwj and in it you are Made to be among the prestigious people of Allah-azwj. Your breathing during it is Glorification, and your sleep during it is (an act of) worship, and your deeds during it are Accepted, and your supplications during it are Answered.
فَاسْأَلُوا اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ بِنِيَّاتٍ صَادِقَةٍ وَ قُلُوبٍ طَاهِرَةٍ أَنْ يُوَفِّقَكُمْ لِصِيَامِهِ وَ تِلَاوَةِ كِتَابِهِ فَإِنَّ الشَّقِيَّ مَنْ حُرِمَ غُفْرَانَ اللَّهِ فِي هَذَا الشَّهْرِ الْعَظِيمِ وَ اذْكُرُوا بِجُوعِكُمْ وَ عَطَشِكُمْ فِيهِ جُوعَ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ عَطَشَهُ
Therefore, ask your Lord-azwj with sincere intentions and clean hearts that He-azwj would Bestow success for its Fasts, and the recitation of His-azwj Book, for the most unfortunate one is the one who is deprived of the Forgiveness of Allah-azwj during this Magnificent Month, and Remind you by your hunger and your thirst, the hunger of the Day of Judgement and its thirst.
وَ تَصَدَّقُوا عَلَى فُقَرَائِكُمْ وَ مَسَاكِينِكُمْ وَ وَقِّرُوا كِبَارَكُمْ وَ ارْحَمُوا صِغَارَكُمْ وَ صِلُوا أَرْحَامَكُمْ وَ احْفَظُوا أَلْسِنَتَكُمْ وَ غُضُّوا عَمَّا لَا يَحِلُّ النَّظَرُ إِلَيْهِ أَبْصَارَكُمْ وَ عَمَّا لَا يَحِلُّ الِاسْتِمَاعُ إِلَيْهِ أَسْمَاعَكُمْ وَ تَحَنَّنُوا عَلَى أَيْتَامِ النَّاسِ يُتَحَنَّنْ عَلَى أَيْتَامِكُمْ
And give charity upon your needy ones and the poor ones, and revere your elders, and be merciful upon your young ones, and maintain good relations with your relatives, and preserve your tongues, and lower your gazes from what is not Permissible to look towards with your vision, and from what is not Permissible to listen to with your hearing, and be sympathetic upon the orphans of the people (so that) your orphans would be sympathised with.
وَ تُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ ذُنُوبِكُمْ وَ ارْفَعُوا إِلَيْهِ أَيْدِيَكُمْ بِالدُّعَاءِ فِي أَوْقَاتِ صَلَاتِكُمْ فَإِنَّهَا أَفْضَلُ السَّاعَاتِ يَنْظُرُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهَا بِالرَّحْمَةِ إِلَى عِبَادِهِ يُجِيبُهُمْ إِذَا نَاجَوْهُ وَ يُلَبِّيهِمْ إِذَا نَادَوْهُ وَ يُعْطِيهِمْ إِذَا سَأَلُوهُ وَ يَسْتَجِيبُ لَهُمْ إِذَا دَعَوْهُ
And repent to Allah-azwj from your sins, and raise your hands towards Him-azwj with the supplication during the timings of your Prayers, for these are the most superior of the moments in which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Considers with the Mercy towards His-azwj servants, Answers them when they whisper to Him-azwj, Responds to them when they call out to Him-azwj, and Grants them when they ask Him-azwj, Answering them when they supplicate to Him-azwj.
أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ أَنْفُسَكُمْ مَرْهُونَةٌ بِأَعْمَالِكُمْ فَكُفُّوهَا بِاسْتِغْفَارِكُمْ وَ ظُهُورُكُمْ ثَقِيلَةٌ مِنْ أَوْزَارِكُمْ فَخَفِّفُوا عَنْهَا بِطُولِ سُجُودِكُمْ وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ أَقْسَمَ بِعِزَّتِهِ أَنْ لَا يُعَذِّبَ الْمُصَلِّينَ وَ السَّاجِدِينَ وَ أَنْ لَا يُرَوِّعَهُمْ بِالنَّارِ يَوْمَ يَقُومُ النَّاسُ لِرَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ
O you people! Pledge yourselves to your deeds, therefore free them with your seeking of Forgiveness; and your backs are heavy from your burdens (sins), so lighten these from them by prolonging your prostrations. And know that Allah-azwj, Exalted is His-azwj Mention, has Sworn by His-azwj Honour that He-azwj will not Punish the praying ones and the prostrating ones, and would not be Horrifying them with the Fire on the Day the people would be standing to the Lord-azwj of the worlds.
أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَنْ فَطَّرَ مِنْكُمْ صَائِماً مُؤْمِناً فِي هَذَا الشَّهْرِ كَانَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عِتْقُ نَسَمَةٍ وَ مَغْفِرَةٌ لِمَا مَضَى مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ
O you people! The one from you who provides for the breaking of a Fast of a Believer during this Month, for him would be, due to that, in the Presence of Allah-azwj, an emancipation of a person, and Forgiveness for what has passed from his sins’.
فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ لَيْسَ كُلُّنَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ ص اتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَ لَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ اتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَ لَوْ بِشَرْبَةٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَنْ حَسَّنَ مِنْكُمْ فِي هَذَا الشَّهْرِ خُلُقَهُ كَانَ لَهُ جَوَازٌ عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ يَوْمَ تَزِلُّ فِيهِ الْأَقْدَامُ وَ مَنْ خَفَّفَ فِي هَذَا الشَّهْرِ عَمَّا مَلَكَتْ يَمِينُهُ خَفَّفَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ حِسَابَهُ
So it was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And all of us are not able upon that’. So he-saww said: ‘Fear the Fire, and even if it is by (providing) a part of a date! Fear the Fire, and even if it is by (providing) a drink of water! O you people! The one from you who improves his manners during this Month, would have a permit for him upon the Bridge, the Day in which the feet would waver. The one who is lenient in this Month, upon what his right hand possesses, Allah-azwj would be Lenient upon him in his Reckoning.
وَ مَنْ كَفَّ فِيهِ شَرَّهُ كَفَّ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ غَضَبَهُ يَوْمَ يَلْقَاهُ وَ مَنْ أَكْرَمَ فِيهِ يَتِيماً أَكْرَمَهُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ يَلْقَاهُ وَ مَنْ وَصَلَ فِيهِ رَحِمَهُ وَصَلَهُ اللَّهُ بِرَحْمَتِهِ يَوْمَ يَلْقَاهُ وَ مَنْ قَطَعَ فِيهِ رَحِمَهُ قَطَعَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ رَحْمَتَهُ يَوْمَ يَلْقَاهُ
And the one who restrains his evil during this Month, Allah-azwj would Restrain His-azwj Anger on the Day he meets Him-azwj; and the one who honours an orphan during it, Allah-azwj would Honour him of the Day he Meets Him-azwj; and the one who maintains his relationships during it, Allah-azwj would Maintain His-azwj Mercy (upon him) on the Day he Meets Him-azwj; and the one who cuts-off his relationships during it, Allah-azwj would Cut-off from him.
وَ مَنْ تَطَوَّعَ فِيهِ بِصَلَاةٍ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بَرَاءَةً مِنَ النَّارِ وَ مَنْ أَدَّى فِيهِ فَرْضاً كَانَ لَهُ ثَوَابُ مَنْ أَدَّى سَبْعِينَ فَرِيضَةً فِيمَا سِوَاهُ مِنَ الشُّهُورِ وَ مَنْ أَكْثَرَ فِيهِ مِنَ الصَّلَوَاتِ عَلَيَّ ثَقَّلَ اللَّهُ مِيزَانَهُ يَوْمَ تَخِفُّ الْمَوَازِينُ وَ مَنْ تَلَا فِيهِ آيَةً مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِ مَنْ خَتَمَ الْقُرْآنَ فِي غَيْرِهِ مِنَ الشُّهُورِ
And the one who volunteers during it with a Prayer, Allah-azwj would Write for him freedom from the Fire; and the one who fulfils an Obligatory (Prayer) during it would have the Rewards for him of seventy Obligatory (Prayers) than those which are from other months; and the one who frequents the sending of the Salawat upon me-asws during it, Allah-azwj Make his scale to be heavy on the Day in which the scales would be light; and the one who recites a Verse from the Quran during it would have for him the likes of the Recompense of the one who completed the (recitation of the whole) Quran in others months.
أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ أَبْوَابَ الْجِنَانِ فِي هَذَا الشَّهْرِ مُفَتَّحَةٌ فَاسْأَلُوا رَبَّكُمْ أَنْ لَا يُغَلِّقَهَا عَلَيْكُمْ وَ أَبْوَابَ النِّيرَانِ مُغَلَّقَةٌ فَاسْأَلُوا رَبَّكُمْ أَنْ لَا يُفَتِّحَهَا عَلَيْكُمْ وَ الشَّيَاطِينَ مَغْلُولَةٌ فَاسْأَلُوا رَبَّكُمْ أَنْ لَا يُسَلِّطَهَا عَلَيْكُمْ
O you people! The Doors of the Gardens are open during this Month, therefore ask your Lord-azwj that He-azwj should not Lock them upon you; and the Doors of the Fires are Locked, therefore ask your Lord-azwj that He-azwj should not Open them upon you; and the devils-la are chained, therefore ask your Lord-azwj that He-azwj should not Let them-la overcome upon you’.
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقُمْتُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا أَفْضَلُ الْأَعْمَالِ فِي هَذَا الشَّهْرِ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ أَفْضَلُ الْأَعْمَالِ فِي هَذَا الشَّهْرِ الْوَرَعُ عَنْ مَحَارِمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثُمَّ بَكَى فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا يُبْكِيكَ فَقَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ أَبْكِي لِمَا يُسْتَحَلُّ مِنْكَ فِي هَذَا الشَّهْرِ كَأَنِّي بِكَ وَ أَنْتَ تُصَلِّي لِرَبِّكَ وَ قَدِ انْبَعَثَ أَشْقَى الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ الْآخِرِينَ شَقِيقُ عَاقِرِ نَاقَةِ ثَمُودَ فَضَرَبَكَ ضَرْبَةً عَلَى قَرْنِكَ فَخَضَبَ مِنْهَا لِحْيَتَكَ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘So I-asws stood up, and I-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What are the most superior of the deeds during this Month?’ So he-saww said: ‘The abstinence from the Prohibitions of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’. Then he-saww cried, so I-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What makes you-saww weep?’ So he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! I-saww cry upon what they (people) would be permitting regarding you-asws during this Month. It is as if I-saww am with you-asws, and you-asws are Praying to your-asws Lord-azwj, and he has been sent, the one who is the most wretched of the former ones and the later ones, more wretched than the slayer of the she-camel of Samoud, so he strikes with a strike upon your-asws head, so your-asws beard gets dyed from it due to that’.
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ ذَلِكَ فِي سَلَامَةٍ مِنْ دِينِي فَقَالَ فِي سَلَامَةٍ مِنْ دِينِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ ص يَا عَلِيُّ مَنْ قَتَلَكَ فَقَدْ قَتَلَنِي وَ مَنْ أَبْغَضَكَ فَقَدْ أَبْغَضَنِي وَ مَنْ سَبَّكَ فَقَدْ سَبَّنِي لِأَنَّكَ مِنِّي كَنَفْسِي رُوحُكَ مِنْ رُوحِي وَ طِينَتُكَ مِنْ طِينَتِي إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَنِي وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ اصْطَفَانِي وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ اخْتَارَنِي لِلنُّبُوَّةِ وَ اخْتَارَكَ لِلْإِمَامَةِ فَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ إِمَامَتَكَ فَقَدْ أَنْكَرَ نُبُوَّتِي
Amir Al-Momineen-asws says ‘I-asws asked: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And during that my-asws Religion would be intact?’ So he-saww said: ‘In safety would be your-asws Religion’. Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! The one who kills you-asws, so he has killed me-saww, and the one who angers you-asws, so he has angered me-saww, and the one who insults you-asws, so he has insulted me-saww, because you-asws are from me-saww like my-saww own self is. Your-asws soul is my-saww soul, and your-asws essence is from my-saww essence. Allah-azwj Blessed and High Created me-saww and you-asws, and Chose me-saww and you-asws, and Chose me-saww for the Prophet-hood and Chose you-asws for the Imamate. Thus, the one who denies your-asws Imamate, so he has denied my-saww Prophet-hood’.
يَا عَلِيُّ أَنْتَ وَصِيِّي وَ أَبُو وُلْدِي وَ زَوْجُ ابْنَتِي وَ خَلِيفَتِي عَلَى أُمَّتِي فِي حَيَاتِي وَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِي أَمْرُكَ أَمْرِي وَ نَهْيُكَ نَهْيِي أُقْسِمُ بِالَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالنُّبُوَّةِ وَ جَعَلَنِي خَيْرَ الْبَرِيَّةِ إِنَّكَ لَحُجَّةُ اللَّهِ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ وَ أَمِينُهُ عَلَى سِرِّهِ وَ خَلِيفَتُهُ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ.
O Ali-asws! You-asws are my-saww successor-asws, and a father-asws of my-saww two (grand) sons-asws, and husband of my-saww daughter-asws, and my-asws Caliph in my-saww community during my-saww lifetime and after my-saww passing away, and, your-asws forbidding is my-saww forbidding. I-saww swear by the One-azwj Whom Sent me-saww with the Prophet-hood, and Made me-saww to be the best of the Created beings, you-asws are the Proof of Allah-azwj upon His-azwj creatures, and His-azwj Trustee upon His-azwj Secrets, and His-azwj Caliph upon His-azwj servants’.[1]
[1] (ابن بابويه، محمد بن على، الأمالي( للصدوق) – تهران، چاپ: ششم، 1376ش.)