BIHAR AL-ANWAAR Vol.5 Part 2
Volume 5
Part 2 out of 2
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al-Majlisi
CHAPTER 7 – THE GUIDANCE, AND THE STRAYING, AND THE INCLINATION, AND THE FORSAKING
الآيات الفاتحة إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَ إِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ اهْدِنَا الصِّراطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Fatiha: (It is) You we worship and You do we seek Assistance (from) [1:5]. Guide us to the Straight Path [1:6]
البقرة إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا سَواءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَ أَنْذَرْتَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تُنْذِرْهُمْ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ
(Surah) Al Baqarah: Surely those who are disbelieving, it is the same to them, whether you warn them or you do not warn them, they will not be believing [2:6]
خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ عَلى سَمْعِهِمْ وَ عَلى أَبْصارِهِمْ غِشاوَةٌ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ عَظِيمٌ
Allah has Set a seal upon their hearts and upon their hearing, and there is a covering over their eyes, and for them is a grievous Punishment [2:7]
و قال تعالى يُضِلُّ بِهِ كَثِيراً وَ يَهْدِي بِهِ كَثِيراً وَ ما يُضِلُّ بِهِ إِلَّا الْفاسِقِينَ
And the Exalted Said: He is Straying many by it and Guiding many by it! And He does not Let Stray by it (any) except the transgressors [2:26]
و قال تعالى فَهَدَى اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِمَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ بِإِذْنِهِ وَ اللَّهُ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ إِلى صِراطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ
And the Exalted Said: So, Allah Guided those who were believing to what they were differing in from the Truth, by His Permission; and Allah Guides the one He so Desires to the Straight Path [2:213]
أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ وَ لَمَّا يَأْتِكُمْ مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ خَلَوْا مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ مَسَّتْهُمُ الْبَأْساءُ وَ الضَّرَّاءُ وَ زُلْزِلُوا حَتَّى يَقُولَ الرَّسُولُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ مَتى نَصْرُ اللَّهِ أَلا إِنَّ نَصْرَ اللَّهِ قَرِيبٌ
Or do you reckon that you would be entering the Paradise and there has not come to you the like of (which came to) those who have passed away before you? Warfare and adversities touched them and they were shaken violently, until they were saying to the Rasool and those who were believing, ‘When will be the Help of Allah?’ Indeed! The Help of Allah is near [2:214]
و قال تعالى اللَّهُ وَلِيُّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا يُخْرِجُهُمْ مِنَ الظُّلُماتِ إِلَى النُّورِ
And the Exalted Said: Allah is the Guardian of those who believe. He Extracts them from the (multitude of) darkness into the Light [2:257]
و قال وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
And Said: and Allah does not Guide the unjust people [2:258]
و قال وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكافِرِينَ
And Said: and Allah does not Guide the Kafir people [2:264]
آل عمران قُلْ إِنَّ الْهُدى هُدَى اللَّهِ
(Surah) Aal-e-Imran: Say: ‘Surely the (true) Guidance is the Guidance of Allah’ [3:73]
و قال تعالى كَيْفَ يَهْدِي اللَّهُ قَوْماً كَفَرُوا بَعْدَ إِيمانِهِمْ وَ شَهِدُوا أَنَّ الرَّسُولَ حَقٌّ وَ جاءَهُمُ الْبَيِّناتُ وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
And the Exalted Said: Why should Allah Guide a people who disbelieved after their Eman and (after) they testified that the Rasool was true, and clear arguments had come to them? And Allah does not Guide the unjust [3:86]
النساء وَ لَهَدَيْناهُمْ صِراطاً مُسْتَقِيماً
(Surah) Al Nisa: And We would Guide them to a Straight Path [4:68]
المائدة وَ مَنْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ فِتْنَتَهُ فَلَنْ تَمْلِكَ لَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئاً أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُطَهِّرَ قُلُوبَهُمْ
(Surah) Al Maidah: And the one whom Allah Intends to Try, so you will never control for him anything from Allah. They are those whom Allah does not Intend to purify their hearts. [5:41]
و قال تعالى فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُصِيبَهُمْ بِبَعْضِ ذُنُوبِهِمْ
And the Exalted Said: But if they turn back, then know that rather Allah Intends to Afflict them for some of their sins, and that most of the people are transgressors [5:49]
و قال تعالى ذلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ اللَّهُ واسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ
And the Exalted Said: That is a Grace of Allah. He Gives it to the one He so Desires, and Allah is Capacious, most Knowing [5:54]
و قال تعالى إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكافِرِينَ
And the Exalted Said: Surely Allah does not Guide the Kafir people [5:67]
و قال تعالى وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفاسِقِينَ
And the Exalted Said: and Allah does not Guide the transgressing people [5:108]
الأنعام وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَسْتَمِعُ إِلَيْكَ وَ جَعَلْنا عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ أَكِنَّةً أَنْ يَفْقَهُوهُ وَ فِي آذانِهِمْ وَقْراً
(Surah) Al Anaam: And from them is one who listens attentively to you, and We Made a covering to be upon their hearts lest they understand it, and a deafness to be in their ears, [6:25]
و قال تعالى وَ لَوْ شاءَ اللَّهُ لَجَمَعَهُمْ عَلَى الْهُدى فَلا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْجاهِلِينَ
And the Exalted Said: and had Allah so Desired, He would have Gathered them upon the Guidance, therefore you all should not be from the ignorant ones [6:35]
و قال تعالى وَ كَذلِكَ جَعَلْنا فِي كُلِّ قَرْيَةٍ أَكابِرَ مُجْرِمِيها لِيَمْكُرُوا فِيها
And the Exalted Said: And like that We Made in every town the great ones to be its criminals to plot therein [6:123]
و قال تعالى مَنْ يَشَأِ اللَّهُ يُضْلِلْهُ وَ مَنْ يَشَأْ يَجْعَلْهُ عَلى صِراطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ
And the Exalted Said: One whom Allah so Desires to, Lets him stray, and one He so Desires to, Makes him to be upon the Straight Path [6:39]
و قال تعالى وَ كَذلِكَ فَتَنَّا بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لِيَقُولُوا أَ هؤُلاءِ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ بَيْنِنا
And the Exalted Said: And like that We Try some of them with other, so they are saying, ‘Are they the ones Allah has Conferred upon from between us?’ [6:53]
و قال تعالى وَ نُقَلِّبُ أَفْئِدَتَهُمْ وَ أَبْصارَهُمْ كَما لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا بِهِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَ نَذَرُهُمْ فِي طُغْيانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ
And the Exalted Said: And We will Turn their hearts and their visions just as they had not believed in it the first time, and We will leave them in their even as they did not believe in it the first time, and We will Leave them in their insolence, blindly wandering on [6:110]
وَ لَوْ أَنَّنا نَزَّلْنا إِلَيْهِمُ الْمَلائِكَةَ وَ كَلَّمَهُمُ الْمَوْتى وَ حَشَرْنا عَلَيْهِمْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ قُبُلًا ما كانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشاءَ اللَّهُ وَ لكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ يَجْهَلُونَ
And even if We had Sent down to them the Angels, and the dead had spoken to them, and We had Gathered all things in front of them, they would not have believed except if Allah had so Desired, but most of them are ignorant [6:111]
وَ كَذلِكَ جَعَلْنا لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ عَدُوًّا شَياطِينَ الْإِنْسِ وَ الْجِنِّ يُوحِي بَعْضُهُمْ إِلى بَعْضٍ زُخْرُفَ الْقَوْلِ غُرُوراً وَ لَوْ شاءَ رَبُّكَ ما فَعَلُوهُ فَذَرْهُمْ وَ ما يَفْتَرُونَ
And like that We Make an enemy for every Prophet, satans of the humans and the Jinn, suggesting flowery words to each other, deceiving; and had your Lord so Desired, they would not have done it. So leave them and what they are fabricating [6:112]
وَ لِتَصْغى إِلَيْهِ أَفْئِدَةُ الَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ وَ لِيَرْضَوْهُ وَ لِيَقْتَرِفُوا ما هُمْ مُقْتَرِفُونَ
And for inclining towards it the hearts of those who are not believing in the Hereafter and let them be pleased with it and let them earn whatever they are earning [6:113]
و قال تعالى فَمَنْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَهْدِيَهُ يَشْرَحْ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلامِ وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ أَنْ يُضِلَّهُ يَجْعَلْ صَدْرَهُ ضَيِّقاً حَرَجاً كَأَنَّما يَصَّعَّدُ فِي السَّماءِ كَذلِكَ يَجْعَلُ اللَّهُ الرِّجْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ
And the Exalted Said: So the one who wants Allah to Guide him, He would Expand his chest for Al-Islam, and the one who wants Him to let him stray, He would Straiten his chest with a constriction, as if he is ascending into the sky. Like that Allah Makes the uncleanness to be upon those who are not believing [6:125]
و قال تعالى إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
And the Exalted Said: Surely, Allah does not Guide the unjust people’ [6:144]
و قال تعالى فَلَوْ شاءَ لَهَداكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
And the Exalted Said: Say: ‘For Allah is the conclusive Proof. Then if He so Desires to, He would Guide you altogether’ [6:149]
الأعراف إِنَّا جَعَلْنَا الشَّياطِينَ أَوْلِياءَ لِلَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ
(Surah) Al A’raf: We Made the satans to be friends of those who do not believe [7:27]
و قال تعالى مَنْ يَهْدِ اللَّهُ فَهُوَ الْمُهْتَدِي وَ مَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الْخاسِرُونَ
And the Exalted said: One whom Allah Guides, so he is the rightly Guided, and one whom He Lets to stray, so those ones, they are the losers [7:178]
وَ لَقَدْ ذَرَأْنا لِجَهَنَّمَ كَثِيراً مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَ الْإِنْسِ لَهُمْ قُلُوبٌ لا يَفْقَهُونَ بِها وَ لَهُمْ أَعْيُنٌ لا يُبْصِرُونَ بِها وَ لَهُمْ آذانٌ لا يَسْمَعُونَ بِها أُولئِكَ كَالْأَنْعامِ بَلْ هُمْ أَضَلُّ أُولئِكَ هُمُ الْغافِلُونَ
And We have Created many of the Jinn and the human beings for Hell. For them are hearts they are not understanding with, and for them are eyes they are not seeing with, and for them are ears they are not hearing with. They are like the cattle, but they are more straying. These ones, they are the heedless ones [7:179]
و قال تعالى فَرِيقاً هَدى وَ فَرِيقاً حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الضَّلالَةُ
And the Exalted Said: A group is Guided and a group, the straying is deserved upon them. [7:30]
و قال تعالى سَأَصْرِفُ عَنْ آياتِيَ الَّذِينَ يَتَكَبَّرُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَ إِنْ يَرَوْا كُلَّ آيَةٍ لا يُؤْمِنُوا بِها وَ إِنْ يَرَوْا سَبِيلَ الرُّشْدِ لا يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلًا وَ إِنْ يَرَوْا سَبِيلَ الغَيِّ يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلًا ذلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَذَّبُوا بِآياتِنا وَ كانُوا عَنْها غافِلِينَ
And the Exalted Said: I will Turn away from My Signs those who are being arrogant in the earth without right; and even if they were to see every Sign they would not be believing in it, and even if they were to see the right way they would not be taking it as a way; and (but) if they were to see the way of error, they would be taking it as a way; that is because they were belying Our Signs and were heedless from these [7:146]
و قال تعالى مَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَلا هادِيَ لَهُ وَ يَذَرُهُمْ فِي طُغْيانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ
And the Exalted Said: One whom Allah Lets to stray, so there is no Guide for him; and he Leaves them in their inordinacy wandering around [7:186]
الأنفال فَلَمْ تَقْتُلُوهُمْ وَ لكِنَّ اللَّهَ قَتَلَهُمْ وَ ما رَمَيْتَ إِذْ رَمَيْتَ وَ لكِنَّ اللَّهَ رَمى
(Surah) Al Anfaal: So, you did not kill them but Allah Killed them, and you did not throw when you threw, but Allah Threw [8:17]
و قال تعالى وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَحُولُ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَ قَلْبِهِ
And the Exalted Said: and know that Allah Intervenes between a person and his heart [8:24]
التوبة وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
(Surah) Al Tawbah: and Allah does not Guide the unjust people [9:19]
و قال تعالى وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفاسِقِينَ
And the Exalted Said: and Allah does not Guide the mischief making people’ [9:24]
و قال تعالى وَ طُبِعَ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لا يَفْقَهُونَ
And the Exalted Said: and there is a seal upon their hearts, so they don’t understand [9:87]
و قال تعالى صَرَفَ اللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُمْ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لا يَفْقَهُونَ
And the Exalted Said: Allah has Turned away their hearts because they are a people not pondering [9:127]
يونس وَ اللَّهُ يَدْعُوا إِلى دارِ السَّلامِ وَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ إِلى صِراطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ
(Surah) Yunus-as: And Allah Calls to the House of Al-Salām and Guides the one He Desires, to the Straight Path [10:25]
و قال تعالى كَذلِكَ حَقَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ فَسَقُوا أَنَّهُمْ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ
And the Exalted Said: Like that, the Word of your Lord is proven true against those who are making mischief. They are not believing [10:33]
و قال تعالى وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَسْتَمِعُونَ إِلَيْكَ أَ فَأَنْتَ تُسْمِعُ الصُّمَّ وَ لَوْ كانُوا لا يَعْقِلُونَ
And the Exalted Said: And from them are ones who listen intently to you. But can you make the deaf to hear and even though they cannot understand? [10:42]
وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْكَ أَ فَأَنْتَ تَهْدِي الْعُمْيَ وَ لَوْ كانُوا لا يُبْصِرُونَ
And from them are ones who look on at you. But, can you guide the blind and even though they cannot see? [10:43]
إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَظْلِمُ النَّاسَ شَيْئاً وَ لكِنَّ النَّاسَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ
Surely, Allah does not do any injustice to the people, but the people are being unjust to themselves [10:44]
و قال تعالى إِنَّ الَّذِينَ حَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ
And the Exalted Said: Surely, those against whom the Word of your Lord has proved True will not be believing [10:96]
وَ لَوْ جاءَتْهُمْ كُلُّ آيَةٍ حَتَّى يَرَوُا الْعَذابَ الْأَلِيمَ
Even if every Sign were to come to them, until they (actually) see the painful Punishment [10:97]
هود وَ ما تَوْفِيقِي إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَ إِلَيْهِ أُنِيبُ
(Surah) Hud-as: and my success is only with Allah. Upon Him do I rely and to Him do I turn [11:88]
و قال تعالى وَ لَوْ شاءَ رَبُّكَ لَجَعَلَ النَّاسَ أُمَّةً واحِدَةً وَ لا يَزالُونَ مُخْتَلِفِينَ
And the Exalted Said: And had your Lord so Desired, He would have Made the people as one community, and they will not stop differing [11:118]
إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ رَبُّكَ وَ لِذلِكَ خَلَقَهُمْ وَ تَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ لَأَمْلَأَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَ النَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ
Except the one whom your Lord shows Mercy, and it is for that He Created them. And the Word of your Lord is Completed: “I will Fill up Hell from the Jinn and the humans altogether!” [11:119]
و قال تعالى وَ لا يَنْفَعُكُمْ نُصْحِي إِنْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَنْصَحَ لَكُمْ إِنْ كانَ اللَّهُ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُغْوِيَكُمْ هُوَ رَبُّكُمْ وَ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ
And the Exalted Said: And my advice will not benefit you if I intend to advise you and Allah Intends to Let you stray. He is your Lord, and to Him you will be returning [11:34]
الرعد قُلْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُضِلُّ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ يَهْدِي إِلَيْهِ مَنْ أَنابَ
(Surah) Al Ra’ad: Say: Surely Allah Lets to stray whomsoever He so Desires to, and Guides to Himself those who turn (to Him) [13:27]
و قال تعالى أَ فَلَمْ يَيْأَسِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ لَوْ يَشاءُ اللَّهُ لَهَدَى النَّاسَ جَمِيعاً
And the Exalted Said: So, do they not know, those who are believing, that if Allah so Desires, He would Guide the people altogether? [13:31]
و قال تعالى وَ مَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَما لَهُ مِنْ هادٍ
And the Exalted Said: And the one whom Allah Lets to stray, then there would be no Guide for him [13:33]
إبراهيم فَيُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ
(Surah) Ibrahim-as: Thus Allah Lets to stray one He so Desires to and Guides one He so Desires to [14:4]
و قال تعالى يُثَبِّتُ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا وَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ الظَّالِمِينَ وَ يَفْعَلُ اللَّهُ ما يَشاءُ
And the Exalted Said: Allah Affirms those who believe with the Firm Word in the life of the world and in the Hereafter, and Allah Lets the unjust to go astray, and Allah does whatsoever He so Desires to [14:27]
النحل وَ لَوْ شاءَ اللَّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّةً واحِدَةً وَ لكِنْ يُضِلُّ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ لَتُسْئَلُنَّ عَمَّا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
(Surah) Al Nahl: And had Allah so Desired it He would Make you a single community, but He Lets stray one He so Desires to and Guides one He so Desires to, and you will be Questioned about what you had been doing [16:93]
و قال تعالى وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكافِرِينَ أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ سَمْعِهِمْ وَ أَبْصارِهِمْ وَ أُولئِكَ هُمُ الْغافِلُونَ
And the Exalted Said: and that Allah does not Guide the Kafir people [16:107] They are those Allah Sealed upon their hearts and their hearing and their sight, and those, they are the heedless ones [16:108]
الأسرى وَ مَنْ يَهْدِ اللَّهُ فَهُوَ الْمُهْتَدِ وَ مَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لَهُمْ أَوْلِياءَ مِنْ دُونِهِ
(Surah) Al Asra: And one whom Allah Guides, so he is the rightly Guided, and one whom He Lets to stray, so you will never find there being a Guardian for them from besides Him, [17:97]
و قال تعالى وَ إِذا أَرَدْنا أَنْ نُهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً أَمَرْنا مُتْرَفِيها فَفَسَقُوا فِيها فَحَقَّ عَلَيْهَا الْقَوْلُ فَدَمَّرْناها تَدْمِيراً
And the Exalted Said: And when We Intend to Destroy a town, We Send Our Commandment to its wealthy ones, but they transgress therein, so the Word is proven true against it, then We Destroy it destructively [17:16]
الكهف مَنْ يَهْدِ اللَّهُ فَهُوَ الْمُهْتَدِ وَ مَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لَهُ وَلِيًّا مُرْشِداً
(Surah) Al Kahf: One whom Allah Guides, so he is the rightly Guided, and one who He Lets to stray, so you will never find there being a guardian (or) a guide for him [18:17]
مريم قُلْ مَنْ كانَ فِي الضَّلالَةِ فَلْيَمْدُدْ لَهُ الرَّحْمنُ مَدًّا
(Surah) Maryam-as: Say: ‘One who was in the straying, so let the Beneficent Extend his term for him [19:75]
و قال تعالى وَ يَزِيدُ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ اهْتَدَوْا هُدىً
And the Exalted Said: And Allah would Increase in Guidance those who (seek) Guidance [19:76]
و قال تعالى أَ لَمْ تَرَ أَنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا الشَّياطِينَ عَلَى الْكافِرِينَ تَؤُزُّهُمْ أَزًّا
And the Exalted: Do you not see that We have Sent the Satans upon the Kafirs, inciting them by an incitement? [19:83]
النور وَ لَوْ لا فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ رَحْمَتُهُ ما زَكى مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ أَبَداً وَ لكِنَّ اللَّهَ يُزَكِّي مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ اللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
(Surah) Al Noor: And had it not been for the Grace of Allah upon you and His Mercy, not one of you would be purified (from his sins), ever! But, Allah Purifies ones He so Desires to, and Allah is Hearing, Knowing [24:21]
و قال تعالى وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَجْعَلِ اللَّهُ لَهُ نُوراً فَما لَهُ مِنْ نُورٍ
And the Exalted Said: And one for whom Allah does not Make light to be for him, then there would be no light for him [24:40]
و قال تعالى وَ اللَّهُ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ إِلى صِراطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ
And the Exalted Said: and Allah Guides the ones He so Desires to the Straight Path [24:46]
الفرقان وَ لكِنْ مَتَّعْتَهُمْ وَ آباءَهُمْ حَتَّى نَسُوا الذِّكْرَ وَ كانُوا قَوْماً بُوراً
(Surah) Al Furqan: but You Gave comforts to them and their fathers until they forgot the Zikr, and they were a ruined people [25:18]
الشعراء كَذلِكَ سَلَكْناهُ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ حَتَّى يَرَوُا الْعَذابَ الْأَلِيمَ
(Surah) Al Sho’ara: Like that, We Inserted it into the hearts of the criminals [26:200] They will not believe in it until they see the painful Punishment [26:201]
النمل إِنَّ الَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ زَيَّنَّا لَهُمْ أَعْمالَهُمْ فَهُمْ يَعْمَهُونَ
(Surah) Al Naml: Surely, those who are not believing in the Hereafter, We Adorned their deeds for them, so they are wandering blindly [27:4]
القصص وَ جَعَلْناهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَدْعُونَ إِلَى النَّارِ
(Surah) Al Qasas: And We Made them Imams calling to the Fire, [28:41]
و قال تعالى إِنَّكَ لا تَهْدِي مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ وَ لكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُهْتَدِينَ
And the Exalted Said: Surely, you cannot guide the one you love, but Allah will Guide the one He so Desires to, and He is more Knowing with the recipients of Guidance [28:56]
الروم فَمَنْ يَهْدِي مَنْ أَضَلَّ اللَّهُ وَ ما لَهُمْ مِنْ ناصِرِينَ
(Surah) Al Roum: So, who can guide the one Allah Lets to stray? And there would be no helpers for them [30:29]
و قال سبحانه كَذلِكَ يَطْبَعُ اللَّهُ عَلى قُلُوبِ الَّذِينَ لا يَعْلَمُونَ
And the Glorious Said: Like that, Allah Seals upon the hearts of those who do not know [30:59]
التنزيل وَ لَوْ شِئْنا لَآتَيْنا كُلَّ نَفْسٍ هُداها وَ لكِنْ حَقَّ الْقَوْلُ مِنِّي لَأَمْلَأَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَ النَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ
(Surah) Al Tanzeel: And had We so Desired, We would have Given every soul its Guidance, but the reality of the Word from Me is: “I will Fill Hell from the Jinn and the people together! [32:13]
سبأ قُلْ إِنْ ضَلَلْتُ فَإِنَّما أَضِلُّ عَلى نَفْسِي وَ إِنِ اهْتَدَيْتُ فَبِما يُوحِي إِلَيَّ رَبِّي إِنَّهُ سَمِيعٌ قَرِيبٌ
(Surah) Saba: Say: ‘If I stray, so it would be a straying against myself, and if I follow Guidance, so it would be due to what my Lord Reveals unto me. Surely He is Hearing, Nearby’ [34:50]
فاطر أَ فَمَنْ زُيِّنَ لَهُ سُوءُ عَمَلِهِ فَرَآهُ حَسَناً فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يُضِلُّ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ
(Surah) Fatir: What! So, the one, the evil of his deed is adorned for him is so much, that he sees it as good? Allah Lets to stray the one He so Desires to, and Guides the one He so Desires to, [35:8]
و قال سبحانه إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُسْمِعُ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ ما أَنْتَ بِمُسْمِعٍ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ
And the Glorious Said: Surely, Allah Makes to hear one He so Desires to, and you cannot make hear the ones in the graves [35:22]
يس لَقَدْ حَقَّ الْقَوْلُ عَلى أَكْثَرِهِمْ فَهُمْ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ
(Surah) Yaseen: The Word has proved true upon most of them, but they are not believing [36:7]
إِنَّا جَعَلْنا فِي أَعْناقِهِمْ أَغْلالًا فَهِيَ إِلَى الْأَذْقانِ فَهُمْ مُقْمَحُونَ
Surely, We Made shackles to be in their necks, so these are up to their chins, so their heads are raised [36:8]
وَ جَعَلْنا مِنْ بَيْنِ أَيْدِيهِمْ سَدًّا وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ سَدًّا فَأَغْشَيْناهُمْ فَهُمْ لا يُبْصِرُونَ
And We Made a barrier to be from their front and a barrier from their back, and We Covered them, so they are not seeing [36:9]
وَ سَواءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَ أَنْذَرْتَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تُنْذِرْهُمْ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ
And it is the same upon them, whether you warn them or do not warn them, they will not believe [36:10]
الزمر إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَهْدِي مَنْ هُوَ كاذِبٌ كَفَّارٌ
(Surah) Al Zumar: Surely, Allah does not Guide one who is an ungrateful liar [39:3]
و قال تعالى ذلِكَ هُدَى اللَّهِ يَهْدِي بِهِ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ مَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَما لَهُ مِنْ هادٍ
And the Exalted Said: That is a Guidance of Allah. He Guides with it one He so Desires to; and one whom Allah-azwj Lets to stray, so there would not be any guide for him [39:23]
وَ مَنْ يَهْدِ اللَّهُ فَما لَهُ مِنْ مُضِلٍ
And one whom Allah Guides, so there would be no strayer for him. [39:37]
و قال تعالى أَوْ تَقُولَ لَوْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هَدانِي لَكُنْتُ مِنَ الْمُتَّقِينَ
And the Exalted Said: Or it should say, ‘Surely if Allah had Guided me, I would have been from the pious ones’ [39:57]
المؤمن وَ مَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَما لَهُ مِنْ هادٍ
(Surah) Al Momin: And one whom Allah Lets to stray, so there would be no guide for him [40:33]
و قال تعالى كَذلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَنْ هُوَ مُسْرِفٌ مُرْتابٌ
And the Exalted Said: Like that Allah Lets to stray one who is extravagant, a doubter [40:34]
و قال تعالى كَذلِكَ يَطْبَعُ اللَّهُ عَلى كُلِّ قَلْبِ مُتَكَبِّرٍ جَبَّارٍ
And the Exalted Said: Like that Allah Seals upon every heart of an arrogant tyrant [40:35]
و قال تعالى كَذلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ الْكافِرِينَ
And the Exalted Said: Like that Allah Lets the Kafirs to stray [40:74]
السجدة وَ قَيَّضْنا لَهُمْ قُرَناءَ فَزَيَّنُوا لَهُمْ ما بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَ ما خَلْفَهُمْ وَ حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقَوْلُ فِي أُمَمٍ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَ الْإِنْسِ إِنَّهُمْ كانُوا خاسِرِينَ
(Surah) Al Sajdah: And We have Appointed companions for them, for they are adorning for them what is in front of them and what is behind them, and the Word was Proven upon them among the nations who has passed from before them, from the Jinn and the humans. They would be the losers [41:25]
حمعسق اللَّهُ يَجْتَبِي إِلَيْهِ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ يَهْدِي إِلَيْهِ مَنْ يُنِيبُ
(Surah) Al Shura: Allah Chooses to the ones He so Desires to and He Guides ones who are penitent [42:13]
و قال تعالى وَ مَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَما لَهُ مِنْ وَلِيٍّ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ
And the Exalted Said: And one who Allah Lets to stray, so there would be no guardian for him from after it; [42:44]
و قال تعالى وَ مَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَما لَهُ مِنْ سَبِيلٍ
And the Exalted Said: and whom Allah Lets to stray, so they will be no way for him [42:46]
الزخرف وَ رَفَعْنا بَعْضَهُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ دَرَجاتٍ لِيَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً سُخْرِيًّا
(Surah) Al Zukhruf: and We Raised some of them above the others in rank in order for some of them to take others in subjection [43:32]
و قال تعالى وَ مَنْ يَعْشُ عَنْ ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُ شَيْطاناً فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِينٌ
And the Exalted Said: And one who turns away from the Zikr of the Beneficent, We Appoint a Satan for him, so he is paired to him [43:36]
و قال تعالى أَ فَأَنْتَ تُسْمِعُ الصُّمَّ أَوْ تَهْدِي الْعُمْيَ وَ مَنْ كانَ فِي ضَلالٍ مُبِينٍ
And the Exalted Said: So, can you make the deaf to hear, or guide the blind and the one who was in clear straying? [43:40]
الجاثية أَ فَرَأَيْتَ مَنِ اتَّخَذَ إِلهَهُ هَواهُ وَ أَضَلَّهُ اللَّهُ عَلى عِلْمٍ وَ خَتَمَ عَلى سَمْعِهِ وَ قَلْبِهِ وَ جَعَلَ عَلى بَصَرِهِ غِشاوَةً فَمَنْ يَهْدِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ اللَّهِ أَ فَلا تَذَكَّرُونَ
(Surah) Al Jasiyah: So, do you see one who takes his desires as a god, and Allah Lets him stray upon knowledge and Seals upon his hearing and his heart, and Makes a covering to be upon his sight? Then who can guide him after Allah (has Denied him)? So, will you not be mindful? [45:23]
محمد أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ اتَّبَعُوا أَهْواءَهُمْ
(Surah) Muhammad-saww: They are those Allah has Sealed upon their hearts, and they are pursuing their whims [47:16]
و قال تعالى وَ الَّذِينَ اهْتَدَوْا زادَهُمْ هُدىً وَ آتاهُمْ تَقْواهُمْ
And the Exalted Said: And those who follow the rightful Guidance, He Increases them in Guidance and Gives them their piety [47:17]
و قال تعالى أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ فَأَصَمَّهُمْ وَ أَعْمى أَبْصارَهُمْ
And the Exalted Said: They are those Allah has Cursed, so He Made Deafened them and Blinded their visions [47:23]
الصف وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
(Surah) Al Saff: And Allah does not Guide the unjust people [61:7]
المنافقين فَطُبِعَ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لا يَفْقَهُونَ
(Surah) Al Munafiqeen: so Allah Sealed upon their hearts, therefore they are not understanding [63:3]
الدهر إِنَّا هَدَيْناهُ السَّبِيلَ إِمَّا شاكِراً وَ إِمَّا كَفُوراً
(Surah) Al Dahr: We certainly Guided him of the Way. Either he is grateful, or he commits Kufr [76:3].
1 رَوَى النُّعْمَانِيُّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ فِيمَا رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُمْ سَأَلُوهُ عَنِ الْمُتَشَابِهِ فِي تَفْسِيرِ الْفِتْنَةِ فَقَالَ مِنْهُ فِتْنَةُ الِاخْتِبَارِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى الم أَ حَسِبَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يُتْرَكُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا آمَنَّا وَ هُمْ لا يُفْتَنُونَ وَ قَوْلُهُ لِمُوسَى وَ فَتَنَّاكَ فُتُوناً
It is reported by Al Numani in his Tafseer among what he reported from Amir Al Momineen-asws, they asked him abou the allegorical regarding the interpretation of Fitna. He-asws said: ‘From it is Fitna of the Trial, and it is Word of the Exalted: Alif Lam Meem [29:1] Do the people reckon that they will be left alone on saying, ‘We believe’, and they will not be Tried? [29:2]; and His-azwj Words to Musa-as: and Tried you with a Trial [20:40].
وَ مِنْهُ فِتْنَةُ الْكُفْرِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى لَقَدِ ابْتَغَوُا الْفِتْنَةَ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ قَلَّبُوا لَكَ الْأُمُورَ حَتَّى جاءَ الْحَقُّ وَ ظَهَرَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ وَ قَوْلُهُ سُبْحَانَهُ فِي الَّذِينَ اسْتَأْذَنُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ أَنْ يَتَخَلَّفُوا عَنْهُ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِمْ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ ائْذَنْ لِي وَ لا تَفْتِنِّي أَلا فِي الْفِتْنَةِ سَقَطُوا يَعْنِي ائْذَنْ لِي وَ لَا تُكْفِرْنِي فَقَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ أَلا فِي الْفِتْنَةِ سَقَطُوا وَ إِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَمُحِيطَةٌ بِالْكافِرِينَ
And from it is the Fitna of Kufr, and it is Words of the Exalted: They had sought the Fitna from before and overturn the matters to you until there came the Truth and the Command of Allah prevailed [9:48]; And Words of the Glorious regarding those who sought permission of Rasool-Allah-saww during the military expedition of Tabuk, to keep the hypocrites away from him-saww. Allah-azwj the Exalted Said regarding them: And from them is one who is saying, ‘Permit me and do not try me’. Indeed! Into the Fitna they have fallen, [9:49] – meaning, give permission to me and do not let me fall into Kufr. The Mighty and Majestic: and surely Hell would be encompassing with the Kafirs [9:49].
وَ مِنْهُ فِتْنَةُ الْعَذَابِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى يَوْمَ هُمْ عَلَى النَّارِ يُفْتَنُونَ أَيْ يُعَذَّبُونَ ذُوقُوا فِتْنَتَكُمْ هذَا الَّذِي كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ أَيْ ذُوقُوا عَذَابَكُمْ
And from it is the Fitna of Punishment, and it is Words of the Exalted: A Day they would be Tried upon the Fire [51:13] – i.e. Punished. “Taste your Fitna! This is what you used to hasten with” [51:14] – i.e. taked your Punishment.
وَ مِنْهُ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى إِنَّ الَّذِينَ فَتَنُوا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِناتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَتُوبُوا أَيْ عَذَّبُوا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
And from it are Words of the Exalted: Surely those who tried (persecuted) the Momineen and the Mominaat, then they do not repent [85:10] – i.e. they punished the Momineen.
وَ مِنْهُ فِتْنَةُ الْمَحَبَّةِ لِلْمَالِ وَ الْوَلَدِ كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى إِنَّما أَمْوالُكُمْ وَ أَوْلادُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ
And from it is the Fitna of love for the wealth and the son, like Words of the Exalted: But rather, you wealth and your children are a Fitna [64:15].
وَ مِنْهُ فِتْنَةُ الْمَرَضِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ سُبْحَانَهُ أَ وَ لا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُمْ يُفْتَنُونَ فِي كُلِّ عامٍ مَرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ لا يَتُوبُونَ وَ لا هُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ أَيْ يَمْرَضُونَ وَ يُقْتَلُونَ
And from it is the Fitna of sickness, and it is Word of the Glorious: Do they not see that they are being Tried once or twice in every year, yet they do not return nor do they mind? [9:126] – i.e. they become sick and be killed’.
روي أن النبي ص كان يصلي بالليل و يقرأ القرآن في الصلاة جهرا رجاء أن يستمع إلى قراءته إنسان فيتدبر معانيه و يؤمن به فكان المشركون إذا سمعوه آذوه و منعوه عن الجهر بالقراءة
It is reported that the Prophet-saww used to pray Salat at night and read the Quran loudly during the Salat hoping that a person may be listening to his-saww recitation, so he would ponder its meaning and believe in it. The Polytheist, whenever they heard it, hurt him-saww, and prevented him-saww from being loud with the recitation.
1- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ الْحَذَّاءِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الِاسْتِطَاعَةِ وَ قَوْلِ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ وَ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ وَ لا يَزالُونَ مُخْتَلِفِينَ إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ رَبُّكَ وَ لِذلِكَ خَلَقَهُمْ يَا أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ النَّاسُ مُخْتَلِفُونَ فِي إِصَابَةِ الْقَوْلِ وَ كُلُّهُمْ هَالِكٌ
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Abu Nasr, from Hamad Bin Usman, from Abu Ubeyda Al Haza’a who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the capability and the words of the people, so he-asws said, and recited this Verse: and they will not stop differing [11:118] Except the one whom your Lord shows Mercy, and it is for that He Created them. [11:119]. O Abu Ubeyda! The people are differing regarding the correct word, and all of them would be destroyed’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ قَوْلُهُ إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ رَبُّكَ قَالَ هُمْ شِيعَتُنَا وَ لِرَحْمَةٍ خَلَقَهُمْ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ وَ لِذلِكَ خَلَقَهُمْ يَقُولُ لِطَاعَةِ الْإِمَامِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘His-azwj Words: Except the one whom your Lord shows Mercy [11:119]?’ He-asws said: ‘They are our-asws Shias, and He-azwj Created to have Mercy on them, and it is in His-azwj Words: and it is for that He Created them. [11:119]. He-azwj is Saying: “For the obedience to the Imam-asws!”’[1]
2- وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِلَّ قَوْماً بَعْدَ إِذْ هَداهُمْ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَ لَهُمْ ما يَتَّقُونَ قَالَ حَتَّى يُعَرِّفَهُمْ مَا يُرْضِيهِ وَ مَا يُسْخِطُهُ
And Al-Sadiq-asws said regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: It was not for Allah to Let stray a people after having Guided them until He Clarifies to then what they should be guarding against [9:115]: ‘Until He-azwj makes them recognise what He-azwj is Pleased with and what He-azwj is Angered with’’.[2]
3 وَ قَالَ: فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَأَلْهَمَها فُجُورَها وَ تَقْواها قَالَ بَيَّنَ لَهَا مَا تَأْتِي وَ مَا تَتْرُكُ
And he said, ‘Regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: Then He Inspired it, it’s immorality and its piety [91:8], he-asws (6th Imam-asws) said: ‘Manifest to it what it should come to and it should leave’’.[3]
4 وَ قَالَ: فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّا هَدَيْناهُ السَّبِيلَ إِمَّا شاكِراً وَ إِمَّا كَفُوراً قَالَ عَرَّفْنَاهُ إِمَّا آخِذاً وَ إِمَّا تَارِكاً
And he said, ‘Regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: We certainly Guided him of the Way. Either he is grateful, or he commits Kufr [76:3], he-asws (6th Imam-asws) said: ‘Made him recognise what to take and what to leave’’.[4]
5 وَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ أَمَّا ثَمُودُ فَهَدَيْناهُمْ فَاسْتَحَبُّوا الْعَمى عَلَى الْهُدى قَالَ وَ هُمْ يَعْرِفُونَ
And regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And as for Samood, so We Guided them, but they loved the blindness over the Guidance [41:17], he-asws said: And they were recognising’’.[5]
6 وَ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ هَدَيْناهُ النَّجْدَيْنِ قَالَ نَجْدَ الْخَيْرِ وَ نَجْدَ الشَّرِّ
And he-asws was asked about the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And Guided him (to) the two ways? [90:10]. He-asws said: ‘The way of the good and the way of the evil’’.[6]
7- وَ قَالَ ع مَا حَجَبَ اللَّهُ عِلْمَهُ عَنِ الْعِبَادِ فَهُوَ مَوْضُوعٌ عَنْهُمْ
And he-asws said: ‘Whatever Allah-azwj Veiled of His-azwj Knowledge from His-azwj servants, so it is dropped from them’’.[7]
8- وَ قَالَ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ احْتَجَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِمَا آتَاهُمْ وَ عَرَّفَهُمْ
And he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Argues upon the people with what He-azwj Gave them and Made them recognise’’.[8]
9 ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْقَزْوِينِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَهْبَانَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ هَدَيْناهُ النَّجْدَيْنِ قَالَ نَجْدَ الْخَيْرِ وَ الشَّرِّ
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Al Qazwiny, from Muhammad Bin Wahban, from Ahmad Bin Ibrahim, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Zafrany, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And Guided him (to) the two ways? [90:10]. He-asws said: ‘The way of good and the evil’’.[9]
10- نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَرَفْتُ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ بِفَسْخِ الْعَزَائِمِ وَ حَلِّ الْعُقُودِ
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘I-asws recognised Allah-azwj the Glorious by the breaking of determinations, and change of intention’’.[10]
11- فس، تفسير القمي فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى قُلْ أَ رَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ سَمْعَكُمْ وَ أَبْصارَكُمْ وَ خَتَمَ عَلى قُلُوبِكُمْ يَقُولُ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ مِنْكُمُ الْهُدَى مَنْ إِلهٌ غَيْرُ اللَّهِ يَأْتِيكُمْ بِهِ
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – In a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: Say: ‘Have you considered if Allah Takes away your hearing and your sight, and Seals upon your hearts [6:46]: ‘He-azwj is Saying, if Allah-azwj were to Seize the Guidance from you, who is a god other than Allah-azwj who can Come to you with it?’’.[11]
12- فس، تفسير القمي فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ نُقَلِّبُ أَفْئِدَتَهُمْ وَ أَبْصارَهُمْ يَقُولُ وَ نَنْكُسُ قُلُوبَهُمْ فَيَكُونُ أَسْفَلُ قُلُوبِهِمْ أَعْلَاهَا وَ نُعْمِي أَبْصَارَهُمْ فَلَا يُبْصِرُونَ الْهُدَى
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – In a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And We will Turn their hearts and their visions [6:110], He-azwj is Saying: ‘And We-azwj Overturn their hearts so the lower part of their hearts become their upper part, and We-azwj will Blind their sights, so they will not be seeing the Guidance’’.[12]
13- فس، تفسير القمي فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ لَهُمْ قُلُوبٌ لا يَفْقَهُونَ بِها يَقُولُ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا فَلَا تَعْقِلُ وَ لَهُمْ أَعْيُنٌ عَلَيْهَا غِطَاءٌ عَنِ الْهُدَى لا يُبْصِرُونَ بِها وَ لَهُمْ آذانٌ لا يَسْمَعُونَ بِها جَعَلَ فِي آذَانِهِمْ وَقْراً فَلَمْ يَسْمَعُوا الْهُدَى
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – In a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: For them are hearts they are not understanding with, [7:179]. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Sealed upon these (hearts) so they are not understanding, and for them are eyes, upon these are coverings from the Guidance, they are not seeing with, and for them are ears they are not hearing with, He-azwj Made deafness to be in their ears so they are not hearing the Guidance’’.[13]
14- فس، تفسير القمي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ كَثِيرِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآياتِنا صُمٌّ وَ بُكْمٌ يَقُولُ صُمٌّ عَنِ الْهُدَى وَ بُكْمٌ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ بِخَيْرٍ فِي الظُّلُماتِ يَعْنِي ظُلُمَاتِ الْكُفْرِ مَنْ يَشَأِ اللَّهُ يُضْلِلْهُ وَ مَنْ يَشَأْ يَجْعَلْهُ عَلى صِراطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ وَ هُوَ رَدٌّ عَلَى قَدَرِيَّةِ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ يَحْشُرُهُمُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مَعَ الصَّابِئِينَ وَ النَّصَارَى وَ الْمَجُوسِ فَيَقُولُونَ وَ اللَّهِ رَبِّنا ما كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ja’far Bin Abdullah, from Kaseer Bin Ayyash, from Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And those who are belying our Signs are deaf and dumb in the darkness [6:39], he-asws said: ‘‘Deaf from the Guidance, and dumb, i.e., they do not speak with good, are in the darkness – Meaning the darkness of the Kufr, One whom Allah so Desires to, Lets him stray, and one He so Desires to, Makes him to be upon the Straight Path [6:39] – and this is the refutation against the Qadiriites (Fatalists) of this community. Allah-azwj would Gather them on the Day of Judgement along with the Sabeans, and the Christians, and the Magians, so they would be saying ‘By Allah, our Lord! We were not associators’ [6:23].
يَقُولُ اللَّهُ انْظُرْ كَيْفَ كَذَبُوا عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ ضَلَّ عَنْهُمْ ما كانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَلَا إِنَّ لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ مَجُوساً وَ مَجُوسُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ لَا قَدَرَ وَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ الْمَشِيَّةَ وَ الْقُدْرَةَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ
Allah-azwj would be Saying Look how they are belying upon themselves [6:24]. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Indeed! For every community there are Magians, and the Magians for this community are the ones who are saying, ‘There is no Pre-determination, and they are claiming that the Desire (of Allah-azwj) and the Pre-determination is to them and for them’’.[14]
15- فس، تفسير القمي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَ الْإِحْسانِ وَ إِيتاءِ ذِي الْقُرْبى وَ يَنْهى عَنِ الْفَحْشاءِ وَ الْمُنْكَرِ وَ الْبَغْيِ يَعِظُكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ وَ قَوْلُهُ أَمَرَ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from Musa Bin Imran, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny who said,
‘A man came to Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, and I was in his-asws presence, and he said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Surely Allah Commands with the justice, and the kindness, and giving to the near of kin, and Forbids from the immoralities, and the evil, and the tyranny. He Advises you, perhaps you would be mindful [16:90], and His-azwj Words: He has Commanded that you shall not worship except Him [12:40]’.
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ لَيْسَ لِلَّهِ فِي عِبَادِهِ أَمْرٌ إِلَّا الْعَدْلُ وَ الْإِحْسَانُ فَالدُّعَاءُ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَامٌّ وَ الْهُدَى خَاصٌّ مِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ إِلى صِراطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ وَ يَهْدِي جَمِيعَ مَنْ دَعَاهُ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ
So, he-asws said: ‘Yes, there isn’t for Allah-azwj in worshipping Him-azwj any matter except for the justice and the kindness, therefore the invitation from Allah-azwj is general, and the Guidance is special, like His-azwj Words: and Allah Guides the ones He so Desires to the Straight Path [24:46], and He-azwj did not Say: ‘And He-azwj Guides the entirety of the ones who supplicate to Him-azwj to the Straight Path’’’.[15]
16- لي، الأمالي للصدوق أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ نُوحِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ عِبَادِي كُلُّكُمْ ضَالٌّ إِلَّا مَنْ هَدَيْتُهُ وَ كُلُّكُمْ فَقِيرٌ إِلَّا مَنْ أَغْنَيْتُهُ وَ كُلُّكُمْ مُذْنِبٌ إِلَّا مَنْ عَصَمْتُهُ
‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq’ – My father, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Quteyba, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman, from Nuh Bin Shuayb, from Ibn Bazie, from Salih Bin Aqaba, from Alqama Bin Muhammad Al Khazramy,
‘From Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Said: “My-azwj servants! All of you are straying except the ones I-azwj Guide, and all of you are poor except the ones I-azwj Enrich, and all of you are sinners except the ones I-azwj Protect!”’.[16]
17- ب، قرب الإسناد ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْأَزْدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً أَخَذَ بِعُنُقِهِ فَأَدْخَلَهُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ إِدْخَالًا
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Ibn Sa’ad, from Al Azdy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted, when He-azwj Wants good with a servant, Seizes him by his neck and Enters him into this matter (Wilayah) with an Insertion’’.[17]
18- ب، قرب الإسناد الْيَقْطِينِيُّ عَنْ نُبَاتَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً وَكَّلَ بِهِ مَلَكاً فَأَخَذَ بِعَضُدِهِ فَأَدْخَلَهُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Al Yaqteeny, from Nubata Bin Muhammad,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted, when He-azwj Wants good with a servant, Allocates an Angel to be with him, who seizes him by his upper arm and Enters him into this matter (Wilayah)’’.[18]
19- ب، قرب الإسناد هَارُونُ عَنِ ابْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: كُونُوا دُعَاةَ النَّاسِ بِأَعْمَالِكُمْ وَ لَا تَكُونُوا دُعَاةً بِأَلْسِنَتِكُمْ فَإِنَّ الْأَمْرَ لَيْسَ حَيْثُ يَذْهَبُ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ مَنْ أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَهُ أَنَّهُ مِنَّا فَلَيْسَ بِخَارِجٍ مِنَّا وَ لَوْ ضَرَبْنَا خَيْشُومَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنَّا ثُمَّ حَبَوْنَا لَهُ الدُّنْيَا لَمْ يُحِبَّنَا
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Haroun, from Ibn Sadaqa,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Become inviting the people with your deeds, and do not become inviting the people with your tongues, for the matter (Wilayah) isn’t where the people are going towards. It is the one who takes his covenant, he is from us-asws, and he wouldn’t be exiting from us-asws even if we-asws strike his nose with the sword; and one who does not happen to be from us-asws, then we-asws gift him the (whole) world, he will (still) not love us-asws’’.[19]
20- ب، قرب الإسناد أَحْمَدُ عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِنَّ عَلَيْنا لَلْهُدى قَالَ اللَّهُ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَ يُضِلُّ مَنْ يَشَاءُ
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Ahmad, from Al Bazanty who said,
‘I said to him-asws, ‘The Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: Surely, upon Us is to Guide [92:12]’. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj, Lets stray one He so Desires to and Guides one He so Desires to, [16:93]’.
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ قَوْماً مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ الْمَعْرِفَةَ مُكْتَسَبَةٌ وَ أَنَّهُمْ إِذَا نَظَرُوا مِنْهُ وَجْهَ النَّظَرِ أَدْرَكُوا
I said to him-asws, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you well! There is a group from our companions who are claiming that the recognition is acquired, and they, when they look at it with consideration, can achieve it’.
فَأَنْكَرَ ع ذَلِكَ وَ قَالَ فَمَا لِهَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمِ لَا يَكْتَسِبُونَ الْخَيْرَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِلَّا وَ هُوَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ خَيْراً مِمَّنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ هَؤُلَاءِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ مَوْضِعُهُمْ مَوْضِعُهُمْ وَ قَرَابَتُهُمْ قَرَابَتُهُمْ وَ هُمْ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ أَ فَتَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَنْظُرُونَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ قَدْ عَرَفْتُمْ وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفُوا قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع لَوِ اسْتَطَاعَ النَّاسُ لَأَحَبُّونَا
But, he-asws denied that and said: ‘Then what is the matter with these people that they are not acquiring the good for themselves? There isn’t anyone from the people except that he would love to become better than those who are better than him. They are the clan of Hashim, their paces are their places, and their relatives and their relatives, and they are more rightful with this matter (Wilayah) than you all. Are you not seeing that they are not looking for themselves and you have understood, and that they did not understand? Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘If the people had the capability, they would have loved us-asws’’.[20]
21- يد، التوحيد مع، معاني الأخبار الْوَرَّاقُ وَ السِّنَانِيُ عَنِ ابْنِ زَكَرِيَّا الْقَطَّانِ عَنِ ابْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُهْلُولٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنِ الْهَاشِمِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ مَنْ يَهْدِ اللَّهُ فَهُوَ الْمُهْتَدِ وَ مَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لَهُ وَلِيًّا مُرْشِداً
‘Al Tawheed’ – Al Waraq and Al Sanany, from Ibn Zakariya Al Qatan, from Ibn Habeeb, from Ibn Bahloul, from his father, from Ja’far Bin Suleyman Al Basry, from Al Hashimy who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: One whom Allah Guides, so he is the rightly Guided, and one who He Lets to stray, so you will never find there being a guardian (or) a guide for him [18:17].
فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يُضِلُّ الظَّالِمِينَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَنْ دَارِ كَرَامَتِهِ وَ يَهْدِي أَهْلَ الْإِيمَانِ وَ الْعَمَلِ الصَّالِحِ إِلَى جَنَّتِهِ كَمَا قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ الظَّالِمِينَ وَ يَفْعَلُ اللَّهُ ما يَشاءُ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ عَمِلُوا الصَّالِحاتِ يَهْدِيهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِإِيمانِهِمْ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهِمُ الْأَنْهارُ فِي جَنَّاتِ النَّعِيمِ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted would Stray the unjust ones on the Day of Qiyamah from the House of His-azwj Honour, and Guide the people of Eman and the righteous deeds to His-azwj Paradise, just as the Mighty and Majestic Said: ‘and Allah Lets the unjust to go astray, and Allah does whatsoever He so Desires to [14:27]. And Said: Surely, those who believe and are doing righteous deeds, Allah will Guide them with their Eman. The rivers shall flow beneath them in the Gardens of Bliss [10:9]’.
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ فَقَوْلُهُ وَ ما تَوْفِيقِي إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ وَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنْ يَنْصُرْكُمُ اللَّهُ فَلا غالِبَ لَكُمْ وَ إِنْ يَخْذُلْكُمْ فَمَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يَنْصُرُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘His-azwj Words: and my success is only with Allah. [11:88], and the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: If Allah Helps you, then there is none that can overcome you, and if He Forsakes you, who is there then that can help you from after Him? [3:160]?’
فَقَالَ إِذَا فَعَلَ الْعَبْدُ مَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ مِنَ الطَّاعَةِ كَانَ فِعْلُهُ وِفْقاً لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ سُمِّيَ الْعَبْدُ بِهِ مُوَفَّقاً
He-asws said: ‘When the servant does what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Commanded him with from the (acts of) obedience, his deed would be concordant with the Command of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and the servant would be named as being concordant with it.
وَ إِذَا أَرَادَ الْعَبْدُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ مَعَاصِي اللَّهِ فَحَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ تِلْكَ الْمَعْصِيَةِ فَتَرَكَهَا كَانَ تَرْكُهُ لَهَا بِتَوْفِيقِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ مَتَى خُلِّيَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الْمَعْصِيَةِ فَلَمْ يَحُلْ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهَا حَتَّى يَرْتَكِبَهَا فَقَدْ خَذَلَهُ وَ لَمْ يَنْصُرْهُ وَ لَمْ يُوَفِّقْهُ
And when the servant wants to enter into something from the disobedience of Allah-azwj, then Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Intervenes between his and that (act of) disobedience, so he leaves it. His leaving it would be by the Inclination of Allah-azwj the Exalted; and when He-azwj Leaves between him and the disobedience, and does not Intervene between him and it until he indulges in it, then He-azwj has Forsaken him and did not Help him and did not Incline him’’.[21]
22- يد، التوحيد مع، معاني الأخبار ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ابْنُ عُبْدُوسٍ عَنِ ابْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَمَنْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَهْدِيَهُ يَشْرَحْ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلامِ قَالَ مَنْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَهْدِيَهُ بِإِيمَانِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلَى جَنَّتِهِ وَ دَارِ كَرَامَتِهِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ يَشْرَحْ صَدْرَهُ لِلتَّسْلِيمِ لِلَّهِ وَ الثِّقَةِ بِهِ وَ السُّكُونِ إِلَى مَا وَعَدَهُ مِنْ ثَوَابِهِ حَتَّى يَطْمَئِنَّ إِلَيْهِ
‘Al Tawheed’ – Ibn Abdous, from Ibn Quteyba, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: So the one who wants Allah to Guide him, He would Expand his chest for Al-Islam, [6:125]. He-asws said: ‘One whom Allah-azwj Wants to Guide him with his Eman in the world to the Paradise and the House of His-azwj Honour in the Hereafter, Expands his chest for the submission to Allah-azwj and the reliance with Him-azwj, and the tranquillity to what He-azwj has Promised him from His-azwj Rewards until he covets to it.
وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ أَنْ يُضِلَّهُ عَنْ جَنَّتِهِ وَ دَارِ كَرَامَتِهِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لِكُفْرِهِ بِهِ وَ عِصْيَانِهِ لَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا يَجْعَلْ صَدْرَهُ ضَيِّقاً حَرَجاً حَتَّى يَشُكَّ فِي كُفْرِهِ وَ يَضْطَرِبَ مِنِ اعْتِقَادِهِ قَلْبُهُ حَتَّى يَصِيرَ كَأَنَّما يَصَّعَّدُ فِي السَّماءِ كَذلِكَ يَجْعَلُ اللَّهُ الرِّجْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ
And the one whom He-azwj Wants to Let stray from His-azwj Paradise, and the House of His-azwj Honour in the Hereafter due to his Kufr with it and his disobedience for Him-azwj in the world, He would Straiten his chest with a constriction, until he doubts in his Kufr and his heart is trouble from his beliefs, until he becomes as if he is ascending into the sky. Like that Allah Makes the uncleanness to be upon those who are not believing [6:125]’’.[22]
23- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ أَنْ يُضِلَّهُ يَجْعَلْ صَدْرَهُ ضَيِّقاً حَرَجاً فَقَالَ قَدْ يَكُونُ ضَيِّقاً وَ لَهُ مَنْفَذٌ يَسْمَعُ مِنْهُ وَ يُبْصِرُ وَ الْحَرَجُ هُوَ الْمُلْتَامُ الَّذِي لَا مَنْفَذَ لَهُ يَسْمَعُ بِهِ وَ لَا يُبْصِرُ مِنْهُ
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Fazal, from Sa’alba, from Zurara, from Abdul Khaliq Bin Abd Rabbih,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: and the one who wants Him to let him stray, He would Straiten his chest with a constriction, [6:125], so he-asws said: ‘It had become constricted and for him is an outlet he would be hearing from and seeing, and constriction, it is the counterpart which there is no outlet for him he could be hearing from nor seeing from’’.[23]
24- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام ج، الإحتجاج بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ عَلى سَمْعِهِمْ وَ عَلى أَبْصارِهِمْ غِشاوَةٌ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ عَظِيمٌ أَيْ وَسَمَهَا بِسِمَةٍ يَعْرِفُهَا مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ مَلَائِكَتِهِ إِذَا نَظَرُوا إِلَيْهَا بِأَنَّهُمُ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ وَ عَلى سَمْعِهِمْ كَذَلِكَ بِسِمَاتٍ
By the chain going up to Abu Muhammad-asws having said regarding the Words of the Exalted: Allah has Set a seal upon their hearts and upon their hearing, and there is a covering over their eyes, and for them is a grievous Punishment [2:7] i.e., and its hearing which ear, recognised by the ones He-azwj so Desires from His-azwj Angels when they look at it, that they are those who will not be believing. And upon their hearing [2:7] – And such is the case for their ears.
وَ عَلى أَبْصارِهِمْ غِشاوَةٌ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمْ لَمَّا أَعْرَضُوا عَنِ النَّظَرِ فِيمَا كُلِّفُوهُ وَ قَصَّرُوا فِيمَا أُرِيدَ مِنْهُمْ وَ جَهِلُوا مَا لَزِمَهُمُ الْإِيمَانُ بِهِ فَصَارُوا كَمَنْ عَلَى عَيْنَيْهِ غِطَاءٌ لَا يُبْصِرُ مَا أَمَامَهُ
and there is a covering over their eyes – And that they turned away from the looking regarding what they had been Encumbered and their falling short regarding what is wanted from them, and their ignorance of what necessitated them to have the Eman with it, so they became like the one upon his eyes there is a covering, not seeing what is in front of him.
فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَتَعَالَى عَنِ الْبَعْثِ وَ الْفَسَادِ وَ عَنِ مُطَالَبَةِ الْعِبَادِ بِمَا مَنَعَهُمْ بِالْقَهْرِ مِنْهُ فَلَا يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِمُغَالَبَتِهِ وَ لَا بِالْمَصِيرِ إِلَى مَا قَدْ صَدَّهُمْ عَنْهُ بِالْقَسْرِ عَنْهُ
Surely, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Exalted from the frivolities and the corruption, and from Demanding the servants with what He-azwj had Forbidden them with the Force from Him-azwj. Thus He-azwj neither Commands them with His-azwj Overcoming nor with the coming to what He-azwj had Blocked them from by the Coercion from Him-azwj.
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ عَظِيمٌ يَعْنِي فِي الْآخِرَةِ الْعَذَابُ الْمُعَدُّ لِلْكَافِرِينَ وَ فِي الدُّنْيَا أَيْضاً لِمَنْ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَسْتَصْلِحَهُ بِمَا يَنْزِلُ بِهِ مِنْ عَذَابِ الِاسْتِصْلَاحِ لِيُنَبِّهَهُ لِطَاعَتِهِ وَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الِاصْطِلَامِ لِيُصَيِّرَهُ إِلَى عَدْلِهِ وَ حِكْمَتِهِ
Then He-azwj Said: ‘Then he-asws said: ‘and for them is a grievous Punishment– Meaning, in the Hereafter the punishment for the infidels, and in the world as well for the one whom He-azwj Intends to correct and Sends down Punishment on him for his correction so that he will become obedient or for diverting him towards His-azwj Justice and His-azwj Commands’’.[24]
25 ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام تَمِيمٌ الْقُرَشِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنِ الْهَرَوِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ الرِّضَا ع فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ ما كانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى سَبِيلِ تَحْرِيمِ الْإِيمَانِ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَكِنْ عَلَى مَعْنَى أَنَّهَا مَا كَانَتْ لِتُؤْمِنَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ إِذْنُهُ أَمْرُهُ لَهَا بِالْإِيمَانِ مَا كَانَتْ مُكَلَّفَةً مُتَعَبَّدَةً وَ إِلْجَاؤُهُ إِيَّاهَا إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ عِنْدَ زَوَالِ التَّكْلِيفِ وَ التَّعَبُّدِ عَنْهَا
‘Uyoun Akhba Al-Reza-asws’ – Tameem Al Qashy, from his father, from Al Ansary, from Al Harwy who said,
‘Al-Reza-asws said regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And it was not for a soul that it believes except by the Permission of Allah [10:100]: ‘That isn’t upon a way of the Prohibition, having the Eman upon it, but upon the meaning that he wasn’t going to believe except by the Permission of Allah-azwj, and His-azwj Permission is His-azwj Command for it with the Eman for as long was he was Encumbered worshipper, and His-azwj Forcing him to the Eman at the decline of the encumberment and the worship from it’’.[25]
26- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام السِّنَانِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْحَسَنِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي مَحْمُودٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ عَلى سَمْعِهِمْ قَالَ الْخَتْمُ هُوَ الطَّبْعُ عَلَى قُلُوبِ الْكُفَّارِ عُقُوبَةً عَلَى كُفْرِهُمْ كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى بَلْ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْها بِكُفْرِهِمْ فَلا يُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا
‘Uyoun Akhba Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Sanany, from Muhammad al Asady, from Sahl, from Abdul Azeem Al Husna, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Mahmoud who said,
‘I asked Al-Reza-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Allah has Set a seal upon their hearts and upon their hearing [2:7]. He-asws said: ‘The seal, it is the covering upon the hearts of the Kafirs as a Punishment upon their Kufr, just as the Exalted Said: But, Allah Sealed upon these due to their Kufr, so they will not be believing except for a little (time) [4:155]’’.[26]
27- فس، تفسير القمي قَوْلُهُ وَ إِنْ تُصِبْهُمْ حَسَنَةٌ يَقُولُوا هذِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ وَ إِنْ تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ يَقُولُوا هذِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ قُلْ كُلٌّ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي الْحَسَنَاتِ وَ السَّيِّئَاتِ ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي آخِرِ الْآيَةِ ما أَصابَكَ مِنْ حَسَنَةٍ فَمِنَ اللَّهِ وَ ما أَصابَكَ مِنْ سَيِّئَةٍ فَمِنْ نَفْسِكَ وَ قَدِ اشْتَبَهَ هَذَا عَلَى عِدَّةٍ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ فَقَالُوا يَقُولُ اللَّهُ وَ إِنْ تُصِبْهُمْ حَسَنَةٌ يَقُولُوا هذِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ وَ إِنْ تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ يَقُولُوا هذِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ قُلْ كُلٌّ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَسَنَةُ وَ السَّيِّئَةُ ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي آخِرِ الْآيَةِ ما أَصابَكَ مِنْ حَسَنَةٍ فَمِنَ اللَّهِ وَ ما أَصابَكَ مِنْ سَيِّئَةٍ فَمِنْ نَفْسِكَ فَكَيْفَ هَذَا وَ مَا مَعْنَى الْقَوْلَيْنِ فَالْجَوَابُ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ مَعْنَى الْقَوْلَيْنِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الصَّادِقِينَ ع أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا الْحَسَنَاتُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَلَى وَجْهَيْنِ وَ السَّيِّئَاتُ عَلَى وَجْهَيْنِ فَمِنَ الْحَسَنَاتِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا اللَّهُ الصِّحَّةُ وَ السَّلَامَةُ وَ الْأَمْنُ وَ السَّعَةُ فِي الرِّزْقِ وَ قَدْ سَمَّاهَا اللَّهُ حَسَنَاتٍ وَ إِنْ تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ يَعْنِي بِالسَّيِّئَةِ هَاهُنَا الْمَرَضَ وَ الْخَوْفَ وَ الْجُوعَ وَ الشِّدَّةَ يَطَّيَّرُوا بِمُوسى وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ أَيْ يَتَشَاءَمُوا بِهِ وَ الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي مِنَ الْحَسَنَاتِ يَعْنِي بِهِ أَفْعَالَ الْعِبَادِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ مَنْ جاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ عَشْرُ أَمْثالِها وَ مِثْلُهُ كَثِيرٌ وَ كَذَا السَّيِّئَاتُ عَلَى وَجْهَيْنِ فَمِنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ الْخَوْفُ وَ الْجُوعُ وَ الشِدَّةُ وَ هُوَ مَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ إِنْ تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ يَطَّيَّرُوا بِمُوسى وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ وَ عُقُوبَاتِ الذُّنُوبِ قَدْ سَمَّاهَا اللَّهُ السَّيِّئَاتِ كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى جَزاءُ سَيِّئَةٍ سَيِّئَةٌ مِثْلُها وَ الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي مِنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ يَعْنِي بِهَا أَفْعَالَ الْعِبَادِ الَّذِينَ يُعَاقَبُونَ عَلَيْهَا وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ وَ مَنْ جاءَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ فَكُبَّتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ فِي النَّارِ وَ قَوْلُهُ ما أَصابَكَ مِنْ حَسَنَةٍ فَمِنَ اللَّهِ وَ ما أَصابَكَ مِنْ سَيِّئَةٍ فَمِنْ نَفْسِكَ يَعْنِي مَا عَمِلْتَ مِنْ ذُنُوبٍ فَعُوقِبْتَ عَلَيْهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ فَمِنْ نَفْسِكَ بِأَعْمَالِكَ لِأَنَّ السَّارِقَ يُقْطَعُ وَ الزَّانِي يُجْلَدُ وَ يُرْجَمُ وَ الْقَاتِلُ يُقْتَلُ فَقَدْ سَمَّى اللَّهُ الْعِلَلَ وَ الْخَوْفَ وَ الشِّدَّةَ وَ عُقُوبَاتِ الذُّنُوبِ كُلَّهَا سَيِّئَاتٍ فَقَالَ ما أَصابَكَ مِنْ سَيِّئَةٍ فَمِنْ نَفْسِكَ بِأَعْمَالِكَ قَوْلُهُ قُلْ كُلٌّ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي الصِّحَّةَ وَ الْعَافِيَةَ وَ السَّعَةَ وَ السَّيِّئَاتِ الَّتِي هِيَ عُقُوبَاتُ الذُّنُوبِ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ
(opinion)
28- يد، التوحيد ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْفَرَّاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا عَلِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَّا بِالتَّوْفِيقِ
‘Al Tawheed’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Ibn Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abdullah Al Fara’a, from Muhammad Bin Muslim and Muhammad Bin Marwan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-azwj did not know that Jibraeel-as is from the direction of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic except by the Inclination (from Allah-azwj)’’.[27]
29- يد، التوحيد الْقَطَّانُ عَنِ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مَعْنَى لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ فَقَالَ مَعْنَاهُ لَا حَوْلَ لَنَا عَنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا بِعَوْنِ اللَّهِ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ لَنَا عَلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا بِتَوْفِيقِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
‘Al Tawheed’ – Al Qatan, from Al Sakry, from Al Jowhary, from Ibn Amara, from his father, from Jabir Al Jufy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the meaning of, ‘There is neither Mighty nor Strength except with Allah-azwj’’. He-asws said: ‘Its meaning is that there is no might for us of disobeying Allah-azwj except by Assistance of Allah-azwj, nor is there any strength for us upon obeying Allah-azwj except by Inclination of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[28]
30- سن، المحاسن مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ السَّرَّاجِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَا ثَابِتُ مَا لَكُمْ وَ لِلنَّاسِ كُفُّوا عَنِ النَّاسِ وَ لَا تَدْعُوا أَحَداً إِلَى أَمْرِكُمْ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ أَهْلَ الْأَرَضِينَ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَهْدُوا عَبْداً يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ ضَلَالَتَهُ مَا اسْتَطَاعُوا أَنْ يَهْدُوهُ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ أَهْلَ الْأَرَضِينَ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يُضِلُّوا عَبْداً يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ هُدَاهُ مَا اسْتَطَاعُوا أَنْ يُضِلُّوهُ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Abu Ismail Al Sarah, from Ibn Muskan, from Sabit Abu Saeed who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘O Sabit! What is it with you and the people? Refrain from the people and do not invite anyone to your matter (Religion), for by Allah-azwj, even if the inhabitants of the skies and the inhabitants of the earths were to gather upon guiding a servant Allah-azwj Wants him to stray, they would not be able to guide him. And even if the inhabitants of the skies and the inhabitants of the earths were to gather upon straying a servant Allah-azwj Wants to Guide, they would not be able to stray him.
كُفُّوا عَنِ النَّاسِ وَ لَا يَقُلْ أَحَدُكُمْ أَخِي وَ ابْنُ عَمِّي وَ جَارِي فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً طَيَّبَ رُوحَهُ فَلَا يَسْمَعُ مَعْرُوفاً إِلَّا عَرَفَهُ وَ لَا مُنْكَراً إِلَّا أَنْكَرَهُ ثُمَّ يَقْذِفُ اللَّهُ فِي قَلْبِهِ كَلِمَةً يَجْمَعُ بِهَا أَمْرَهُ
Refrain from the people, not one of you should say, ‘My brother’, and ‘My cousin’, and ‘My neighbour’, for Allah-azwj, when He-azwj Wants good with a servant, would Make good his soul, so he would neither hear a good except he would recognise it, nor an evil except he would deny it. Then Allah-azwj Casts a Word into his heart, gathering His-azwj Command with it’’.[29]
31- سن، المحاسن عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَا سُلَيْمَانُ إِنَّ لَكَ قَلْباً وَ مَسَامِعَ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَهْدِيَ عَبْداً فَتَحَ مَسَامِعَ قَلْبِهِ وَ إِذَا أَرَادَ بِهِ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ خَتَمَ مَسَامِعَ قَلْبِهِ فَلَا يَصْلُحُ أَبَداً وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ أَمْ عَلى قُلُوبٍ أَقْفالُها
‘Al Mahasin’ – Abdullah Bin Yahya, from Hisham Bin Salim, from Suleyman Bin Khalid who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said to me: ‘O Suleyman! There is a heart for you and ears, and that Allah-azwj, when He-azwj Wants to Guide a servant, Opens his hearing of his heart, and when He-azwj Wants other than that with him, Seals the hearing of his heart, so he would not go correct, ever, and it is in the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: or are there locks upon (their) hearts [47:24]’’.[30]
32- سن، المحاسن الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ فَضَالَةُ عَنْ كُلَيْبِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ الْأَسَدِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا أَنْتُمْ وَ النَّاسَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً نَكَتَ فِي قَلْبِهِ نُكْتَةً بَيْضَاءَ فَإِذَا هُوَ يَجُولُ لِذَلِكَ وَ يَطْلُبُهُ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Al Qasim Bin Muhammad and Fazalat, from Kaleyb Bin Muaqiya Al Asady who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘What have you to do with the people? When Allah-azwj Wants good with a servant, Imprints a white spot in his heart, and then he wanders due to that and seeks Him-azwj’’.[31]
33- سن، المحاسن فَضَالَةُ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً نَكَتَ فِي قَلْبِهِ نُكْتَةً بَيْضَاءَ فَجَالَ الْقَلْبُ يَطْلُبُ الْحَقَّ ثُمَّ هُوَ إِلَى أَمْرِكُمْ أَسْرَعُ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ إِلَى وَكْرِهِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Fazalat, from Al Qasim Bin Yazeed, from Suleyman Bin Khalid who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When Allah-azwj Wants good with a servant, Imprints a white spot in his heart, so the heart wanders seeking the Truth, then he would be quicker to your matter (Wilayah) than the bird is to its nest’’.[32]
34- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ خَيْثَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْجُعْفِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ الْقَلْبَ يَنْقَلِبُ مِنْ لَدُنْ مَوْضِعِهِ إِلَى حَنْجَرَتِهِ مَا لَمْ يُصِبِ الْحَقَّ فَإِذَا أَصَابَ الْحَقَّ قَرَّ ثُمَّ ضَمَّ أَصَابِعَهُ وَ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ فَمَنْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَهْدِيَهُ يَشْرَحْ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلامِ وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ أَنْ يُضِلَّهُ يَجْعَلْ صَدْرَهُ ضَيِّقاً حَرَجاً
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Fazalat, from Abu Baseer, from Khaysama Bin Abdul Rahman Al Jufy who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying that the heart tends to turn from his place to his throat for as long as he does not attain the Truth. So, when it does attain the Truth, it settles’. Then he-asws pressed his-asws fingers and recited this Verse: So, the one who wants Allah to Guide him, He would Expand his chest for Al-Islam, and the one who wants Him to let him stray, He would Straiten his chest with a constriction [6:125]’’.[33]
35- سن، المحاسن حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَا تَدْعُوا إِلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً أَخَذَ بِعُنُقِهِ فَأَدْخَلَهُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Hamad Bin Isa, from Rabie, from Al Fazeyl,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Do not call to this matter (Wilayah), for Allah-azwj, when He-azwj Wants good with a servant, would Seize him by his neck and Enter him into this matter’’.[34]
36- سن، المحاسن النَّضْرُ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً أَخَذَ بِعُنُقِهِ فَأَدْخَلَهُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Al Nazar, from Yahya Al Halby, from Imran who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When Allah-azwj Wants good with a servant, Seizes him by his neck and Enters him into this matter (Wilayah)’’.[35]
37- سن، المحاسن صَفْوَانُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ فُضَيْلٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع نَدْعُو النَّاسَ إِلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ فَقَالَ لَا يَا فُضَيْلُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً وَكَّلَ مَلَكاً فَأَخَذَ بِعُنُقِهِ فَأَدْخَلَهُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ طَائِعاً أَوْ كَارِهاً
‘Al Mahasin’ – Safwan, from Muhammad Bin Marwan, from Fazeyl who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Shall I call the people to this matter (Wilayah)?’ He-asws said: ‘No, O Fazeyl! When Allah-azwj Wants good with a servant, Allocates an Angel who seizes him by his neck and enters him into this matter, willingly or unwillingly’’.[36]
38- سن، المحاسن ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَا أَسْأَلُكَ إِلَّا عَمَّا يَعْنِينِي إِنَّ لِي أَوْلَاداً قَدْ أَدْرَكُوا فَأَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ فَقَالَ لَا إِنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ إِذَا خَلَقَ عَلَوِيّاً أَوْ جَعْفَرِيّاً يَأْخُذُ اللَّهُ بِنَاصِيَتِهِ حَتَّى يُدْخِلَهُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ayoub, from Muaz Bin Kaseer who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘I do not ask you-asws except about what concerns me. There are children from me who have become adults, so can I invite them to something from this matter (Wilayah)?’ He-asws said: ‘No! The human being, when he is created as an Alawiite or Ja’fariite, Allah-azwj Grabs him by his forelocks until He-azwj Enters him into this matter (Wilayah)’’.[37]
39- سن، المحاسن صَفْوَانُ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ كَانَ أَبِي ع يَقُولُ إِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً أَخَذَ بِعُنُقِهِ فَأَدْخَلَهُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ قَالَ وَ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى رَأْسِهِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Safwan, from Huzeyfa Bin Mansour,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws was saying: ‘When Allah-azwj Wants good with a servant, Seizes him by his neck and Enters him into this matter (Wilayah)’. He (the narrator) said, ‘And he-asws gestured by his-asws to his-asws head’’.[38]
40- سن، المحاسن حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ نُبَاتَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَصْرِيِّ قَالَ: أَدْخَلَنِي مُيَسِّرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ فِي الْبَيْتِ نَحْوٌ مِنْ أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلًا فَجَعَلَ مُيَسِّرٌ يَقُولُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ هَذَا فُلَانُ بْنُ فُلَانٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ أَحَدٌ يَعْرِفُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ غَيْرُهُ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Hamad Bin Isa, from Nubata Bin Muhammad Al Basry who said,
‘Maysar Bin Abdul Aziz made me come to meet Abu Abdullah-asws, and in the house there were approximately forty men, and Maysar went on to say, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! This one is so and so, son of so and so from such and such a family’, until he ended up to me, and he said, ‘This one is such that there isn’t anyone in his family who recognises this matter apart from him’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً وَكَّلَ بِهِ مَلَكاً فَأَخَذَ بِعَضُدِهِ فَأَدْخَلَهُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When Allah-azwj Wants good with a servant, Allocates an Angel with him who seizes him by his upper arms and enters him into this matter’’.[39]
41- سن، المحاسن عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَحُولُ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَ قَلْبِهِ فَقَالَ يَحُولُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ أَنْ يَعْلَمَ أَنَّ الْبَاطِلَ حَقٌّ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Blessed and Exalted: and know that Allah Intervenes between a person and his heart [8:24], he-asws said: ‘Intervenes between him and him knowing that the falsehood is true’’.[40]
42- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَبَسُوا عَلَيْهِمْ لَبَسَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ وَ لَلَبَسْنا عَلَيْهِمْ ما يَلْبِسُونَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Abu Yafour who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘They are confusing upon themselves, Allah-azwj Confuses (even more) upon them, for Allah-azwj is Saying: We would have Confused upon them what they are already confusing [6:9]’’.[41]
43- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ اجْعَلُوا أَمْرَكُمْ هَذَا لِلَّهِ وَ لَا تَجْعَلُوا لِلنَّاسِ فَإِنَّهُ مَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ فَهُوَ لِلَّهِ وَ مَا كَانَ لِلنَّاسِ فَلَا يَصْعَدُ إِلَى اللَّهِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ali Bin Aqaba, from his father who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Make this matter of yours for the Sake of Allah-azwj and do not make it to be for the people, for whatever was for Allah-azwj it is for Allah-azwj, and whatever was for the people, so it would not ascend to Allah-azwj.
وَ لَا تُخَاصِمُوا النَّاسَ بِدِينِكُمْ فَإِنَّ الْخُصُومَةَ مَمْرَضَةٌ لِلْقَلْبِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَالَ لِنَبِيِّهِ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّكَ لا تَهْدِي مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ وَ لكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ قَالَ أَ فَأَنْتَ تُكْرِهُ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ
And do not dispute with people about your Religion for the disputing is from the sicknesses of the heart. Allah-azwj Said to His-azwj Prophet-saww: O Muhammad-saww! Surely, you cannot guide the one you love, but Allah will Guide the one He so Desires to, [28:56]. And Said: So, will you force the people until they become Momineen? [10:99].
ذَرُوا النَّاسَ فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ أَخَذُوا مِنَ النَّاسِ وَ إِنَّكُمْ أَخَذْتُمْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ لَا سَوَاءٌ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ أَبِي ع وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا كَتَبَ إِلَى عَبْدٍ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ كَانَ أَسْرَعَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ إِلَى وَكْرِهِ
Leave the people, for the people are taking from the people, and you all are taking from Rasool-Allah-saww, and it is not the same. I-asws heard my-asws father-asws and he-asws was saying: ‘When Allah-azwj Decrees to a servant that he should enter into this matter, he would be quicker to it than the bird is to its nest’’.[42]
44- شي، تفسير العياشي الْبَزَنْطِيُّ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ فِي قَوْمِ نُوحٍ وَ لا يَنْفَعُكُمْ نُصْحِي إِنْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَنْصَحَ لَكُمْ إِنْ كانَ اللَّهُ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُغْوِيَكُمْ قَالَ الْأَمْرُ إِلَى اللَّهِ يَهْدِي وَ يُضِلُّ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – Al Bazanty,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Said regarding the people of Noah-as: And my advice will not benefit you if I intend to advise you and Allah Intends to Let you stray [11:34]: The matter is to Allah-azwj. He-azwj Guides and He-azwj Lets to stray’’.[43]
45- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ يَدْعُو أَصْحَابَهُ فَمَنْ أَرَادَ بِهِ خَيْراً سَمِعَ وَ عَرَفَ مَا يَدْعُوهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ مَنْ أَرَادَ بِهِ شَرّاً طَبَعَ عَلَى قَلْبِهِ فَلَا يَسْمَعُ وَ لَا يَعْقِلُ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ سَمْعِهِمْ وَ أَبْصارِهِمْ وَ أُولئِكَ هُمُ الْغافِلُونَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Is’haq Bin Amaar who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww used to call his-saww companions, so the one whom Allah-azwj Wanted good with him, would hear and recognise what he is being called to, and the one whom He-azwj Wanted evil with him, would Seal upon his heard, and he would neither hear nor understand, and it is in the Words of Allah-azwj: They are those Allah Sealed upon their hearts and their hearing and their sight, and those, they are the heedless ones [16:108]’’.[44]
46- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ إِذا أَرَدْنا أَنْ نُهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً أَمَرْنا مُتْرَفِيها مُشَدَّدَةً مَنْصُوبَةً تَفْسِيرُهَا كَثَّرْنَا وَ قَالَ لَا قَرَأْتُهَا مُخَفَّفَةً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Humran,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: And when We Intend to Destroy a town, We Send Our Commandment to its wealthy ones, [17:16]: ‘It is (a matter which is) strict and set. Its explanation is – We-azwj Multiply it (its Punishment)’. And he-asws said: ‘Do not read it lightly’’.[45]
47- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ إِذا أَرَدْنا أَنْ نُهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً أَمَرْنا مُتْرَفِيها قَالَ تَفْسِيرُهَا أَمَرْنَا أَكَابِرَهَا
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Humran,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: And when We Intend to Destroy a town, We Send Our Commandment to its wealthy ones, [17:16], said: ‘It’s interpretation: ‘We-azwj Command their elders’’’.[46]
48 تَفْسِيرُ النُّعْمَانِيِّ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْآتِي فِي كِتَابِ الْقُرْآنِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: الضَّلَالَةُ عَلَى وُجُوهٍ فَمِنْهُ مَحْمُودٌ وَ مِنْهُ مَذْمُومٌ وَ مِنْهُ مَا لَيْسَ بِمَحْمُودٍ وَ لَا مَذْمُومٍ وَ مِنْهُ ضَلَالُ النِّسْيَانِ
‘Tafseer Al-Numani’ -By the chain which is in ‘Kitab Al Quran’ – from Amir Al-Momineen-asws’, he-asws said: ‘The straying is upon (certain) aspects. From it is (from) the Most Praised One (Allah-azwj, and from it is condemned (others), and from it is what is neither praised (from Allah-azwj nor condemned (from others), and from it is the straying of forgetfulness.
فَأَمَّا الضَّلَالُ الْمَحْمُودُ وَ هُوَ الْمَنْسُوبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى كَقَوْلِهِ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَشاءُ هُوَ ضَلَالُهُمْ عَنْ طَرِيقِ الْجَنَّةِ بِفِعْلِهِمْ
As for the straying of the Praised One-azwj, and it is attributed to Allah-azwj the Exalted, like His-azwj Words: Allah Lets to stray one He so Desires to [14:4]. It is their straying from the road of the Paradise due to their deeds.
وَ الْمَذْمُومُ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى وَ أَضَلَّهُمُ السَّامِرِيُ وَ أَضَلَّ فِرْعَوْنُ قَوْمَهُ وَ ما هَدى وَ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ كَثِيرٌ
And the condemned, it is the Words of the Exalted: and Al-Samiri strayed them!” [20:85]; And Pharaoh led his people astray and did not guide [20:79], and there are many like that.
وَ أَمَّا الضَّلَالُ الْمَنْسُوبُ إِلَى الْأَصْنَامِ فَقَوْلُهُ فِي قِصَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ اجْنُبْنِي وَ بَنِيَّ أَنْ نَعْبُدَ الْأَصْنامَ رَبِّ إِنَّهُنَّ أَضْلَلْنَ كَثِيراً مِنَ النَّاسِ الْآيَةَ وَ الْأَصْنَامُ لَا يُضْلِلْنَ أَحَداً عَلَى الْحَقِيقَةِ إِنَّمَا ضَلَّ النَّاسُ بِهَا وَ كَفَرُوا حِينَ عَبَدُوهَا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
And as for the straying attributed to the idols, so it is His-azwj Word in the story of Ibrahim-as: and Keep me and my sons away from worshiping the idols [14:35] Lord! Surely these have strayed many of the people! [14:36] – the Verse. And the idols do not stray anyone, upon a reality. But rather, the people stray by these and the commit Kufr when they worship these from besides Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
وَ أَمَّا الضَّلَالُ الَّذِي هُوَ النِّسْيَانُ فَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى أَنْ تَضِلَّ إِحْداهُما فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْداهُمَا الْأُخْرى
And as for the straying which it the forgetfulness, it is the Words of the Exalted: If one of the two forgets, so the other one should remind him [2:282].
وَ قَدْ ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الضَّلَالَ فِي مَوَاضِعَ مِنْ كِتَابِهِ فَمِنْهُمْ مَا نَسَبَهُ إِلَى نَبِيِّهِ عَلَى ظَاهِرِ اللَّفْظِ كَقَوْلِهِ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ وَجَدَكَ ضَالًّا فَهَدى مَعْنَاهُ وَجَدْنَاكَ فِي قَوْمٍ لَا يَعْرِفُونَ نُبُوَّتَكَ فَهَدَيْنَاهُمْ بِكَ
And Allah-azwj Exalted has Mentioned the straying in (certain) places in His-azwj Book. From these is what He-azwj Attributed to His-azwj Prophet-saww upon apparent of the words, like His-azwj Words: And Found you lost so He Guided? [93:7]. It’s meaning is, ‘We-azwj Found you-saww a people not recognising your-saww Prophet-hood, so We-azwj Guided them through you-saww’.
وَ أَمَّا الضَّلَالُ الْمَنْسُوبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى الَّذِي هُوَ ضِدُّ الْهُدَى وَ الْهُدَى هُوَ الْبَيَانُ وَ هُوَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ سُبْحَانَهُ أَ وَ لَمْ يَهْدِ لَهُمْ مَعْنَاهُ أَ وَ لَمْ أُبَيِّنْ لَهُمْ مِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ سُبْحَانَهُ فَهَدَيْناهُمْ فَاسْتَحَبُّوا الْعَمى عَلَى الْهُدى أَيْ بَيَّنَّا لَهُمْ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِلَّ قَوْماً بَعْدَ إِذْ هَداهُمْ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَ لَهُمْ ما يَتَّقُونَ
And as for the straying attributed to Allah-azwj the Exalted which it is opposite to the Guidance – and the Guidance, it is the explanation, and it is the meaning of the Words of the Glorious: Or, is it not a guidance for them [32:26], like the Words of the Glorious: so We Guided them, but they loved the blindness over the Guidance, [41:17], and it is the Word of the Exalted: It was not for Allah to Let stray a people after having Guided them until He Clarifies to then what they should be guarding against [9:115].
وَ أَمَّا مَعْنَى الْهُدَى فَقَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ وَ مَعْنَى الْهَادِي الْمُبَيِّنُ لِمَا جَاءَ بِهِ الْمُنْذِرُ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ
As for the meaning of the Guidance, so the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7], and the meaning of the clear Guidance is what the Warner came with from the Presence of Allah-azwj.
وَ قَدِ احْتَجَّ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ عَلَى اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَسْتَحْيِي أَنْ يَضْرِبَ مَثَلًا ما بَعُوضَةً فَما فَوْقَها وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَمَّا أَنْزَلَ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ قَالَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ ما ذا أَرادَ اللَّهُ بِهذا مَثَلًا يُضِلُّ بِهِ كَثِيراً
And a group of the hypocrites had argued against Allah-azwj the Exalted, Surely Allah has no Reservations from Striking an example – (that of) a mosquito or what is above it [2:26], and that is because when Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed unto His-azwj Prophet-saww: and for every people there is a Guide [13:7], a party from the hypocrites said, ‘What is it that Allah which Wants by this example: He is Straying many by it and Guiding many by it! [2:26]?’
فَأَجَابَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِقَوْلِهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَسْتَحْيِي أَنْ يَضْرِبَ مَثَلًا ما بَعُوضَةً فَما فَوْقَها إِلَى قَوْلِهِ يُضِلُّ بِهِ كَثِيراً وَ يَهْدِي بِهِ كَثِيراً وَ ما يُضِلُّ بِهِ إِلَّا الْفاسِقِينَ
So, Allah-azwj Answered them by His-azwj Words: Surely Allah has no Reservations from Striking an example – (that of) a mosquito or what is above it [2:26] – up to His-azwj Words: He is Straying many by it and Guiding many by it! And He does not Let Stray by it (any) except the transgressors [2:26].
فَهَذَا مَعْنَى الضَّلَالِ الْمَنْسُوبِ إِلَيْهِ تَعَالَى لِأَنَّهُ أَقَامَ لَهُمُ الْإِمَامَ الْهَادِيَ لِمَا جَاءَ بِهِ الْمُنْذِرُ فَخَالَفُوهُ وَ صَرَفُوا عَنْهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ أَقَرُّوا بِفَرْضِ طَاعَتِهِ وَ لَمَّا بَيَّنَ لَهُمْ مَا يَأْخُذُونَ وَ مَا يَذَرُونَ فَخَالَفُوهُ ضَلُّوا
This is the meaning of the straying Attributed to Him-azwj, the Exalted, because He-azwj Established the Imam-asws for them as the Guide for what the Warner had come with, by they opposed him-asws and turned away from him-asws, after they had acknowledged with the necessity of obeying him-asws, to what had been clarified for them what they should be taking and what they should be leaving, but they opposed him-asws and strayed.
هَذَا مَعَ عِلْمِهِمْ بِمَا قَالَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ لَا تُصَلُّوا عَلَيَّ صَلَاةً مَبْتُورَةً إِذَا صَلَّيْتُمْ عَلَيَّ بَلْ صَلُّوا عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِي وَ لَا تَقْطَعُوهُمْ مِنِّي فَإِنَّ كُلَّ سَبَبٍ وَ نَسَبٍ مُنْقَطِعٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِلَّا سَبَبِي وَ نَسَبِي
This is along with their knowing of what the Prophet-saww said, and it is his-saww word: ‘Do not send upon me-saww a truncated Salawat, whenever you send Salawat upon me-saww. But, send Salawat upon the People-asws of my-saww Household and do not cut them-asws off from me-saww, for every connection and lineage would be cut off on the Day of Qiyamah except for my-saww affiliations and my-saww lineage’.
وَ لَمَّا خَالَفُوا اللَّهَ تَعَالَى ضَلُّوا فَأَضَلُّوا فَحَذَّرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْأُمَّةَ مِنِ اتِّبَاعِهِمْ فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ لا تَتَّبِعُوا أَهْواءَ قَوْمٍ قَدْ ضَلُّوا مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ أَضَلُّوا كَثِيراً وَ ضَلُّوا عَنْ سَواءِ السَّبِيلِ وَ السَّبِيلُ هَاهُنَا الْوَصِيُّ وَ قَالَ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ لا تَتَّبِعُوا السُّبُلَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمْ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ ذلِكُمْ وَصَّاكُمْ بِهِ الْآيَةَ
And when they opposed Allah-azwj the Exalted, they strayed, and they led (others) astray, so Allah-azwj the Exalted Cautioned the community from following them, and the Glorious Said: and do not follow the whims of a people who had strayed from before and led many astray, and went astray from the Just Way [5:77]; and the way over here is (a reference to) the successor-asws. And the Glorious Said: and do not be following the ways (of others), for they will separate you from His Way. That is (what you) are Bequeathed with, [6:153] – the Verse.
فَخَالَفُوا مَا وَصَّاهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِهِ وَ اتَّبَعُوا أَهْوَاءَهُمْ فَحَرَّفُوا دِينَ اللَّهِ جَلَّتْ عَظَمَتُهُ وَ شَرَائِعَهُ وَ بَدَّلُوا فَرَائِضَهُ وَ أَحْكَامَهُ وَ جَمِيعَ مَا أُمِرُوا بِهِ كَمَا عَدَلُوا عَمَّنْ أُمِرُوا بِطَاعَتِهِ وَ أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَهْدَ بِمُوَالاتِهِ وَ اضْطَرَّهُمْ ذَلِكَ إِلَى اسْتِعْمَالِ الرَّأْيِ وَ الْقِيَاسِ فَزَادَهُمْ ذَلِكَ حَيْرَةً وَ الْتِبَاساً
They opposed what Allah-azwj the Exalted had Bequeathed them with, and they follow their own whims, and they altered the Religion of Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Magnificent, and His-azwj Laws, and they replaced His-azwj Obligations and His-azwj Ordinances and the entirety of what they had been Commanded with, just as they had modified about the one-asws they had been Commanded with obeying him-asws, and the Covenant was Taken upon them with his-asws Wilayah, and that impelled them the utilisation of the opinion, and the analogy, and that increased them in confusion and the ambiguity.
وَ مِنْهُ قَوْلُهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ لِيَقُولَ الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ وَ الْكافِرُونَ ما ذا أَرادَ اللَّهُ بِهذا مَثَلًا كَذلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَشاءُ فَكَأَنَّ تَرْكَهُمُ اتِّبَاعَ الدَّلِيلِ الَّذِي أَقَامَ لَهُمْ ضَلَالَةٌ لَهُمْ فَصَارَ ذَلِكَ كَأَنَّهُ مَنْسُوبٌ إِلَيْهِ تَعَالَى لِمَا خَالَفُوا أَمْرَهُ فِي اتِّبَاعِ الْإِمَامِ
And from His-azwj, the Words of the Glorious: And for those in whose hearts there is a sickness and the Kafirs to be saying, ‘What is that which Allah Intends with these examples?’ Like that, Allah Lets stray one He so Desires to [74:31]. Thus, their leaving the following (the successor-asws) is the evidence which established the straying for them, and that came to be as if it is attributed to Him-azwj, the Exalted due to what they had opposed of His-azwj Command to follow the Imams-asws.
ثُمَّ افْتَرَقُوا وَ اخْتَلَفُوا وَ لَعَنَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً وَ اسْتَحَلَّ بَعْضُهُمْ دِمَاءَ بَعْضٍ فَما ذا بَعْدَ الْحَقِّ إِلَّا الضَّلالُ فَأَنَّى تُؤْفَكُونَ
Then they separated and differed, and some of them cursed the others, and legalised the blood of some. So, what is that after the Truth except for the straying? So, why are you deluded? [40:62]’’.[47]
49- نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ ع وَ قَدْ سُئِلَ عَنْ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِمْ لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ إِنَّا لَا نَمْلِكُ مَعَ اللَّهِ شَيْئاً وَ لَا نَمْلِكُ إِلَّا مَا مَلَّكَنَا فَمَتَى مَلَّكَنَا مَا هُوَ أَمْلَكُ بِهِ مِنَّا كَلَّفَنَا وَ مَتَى أَخَذَهُ مِنَّا وَضَعَ تَكْلِيفَهُ عَنَّا.
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
He-asws said, and he-asws had been asked about the meaning of their words, ‘There is neither Might nor Strength except with Allah-azwj: ‘Surely, we do not possess anything with Allah-azwj, nor possess except what He-azwj has Made us to possess. When He-azwj Made us to possess what He-azwj has He-azwj is more of an Owner with than we are, Encumbered us, and when He-azwj Takes it (back) from us, Drops His-azwj Encumbrance from us’’.[48]
50 كَنْزُ الْكَرَاجُكِيِّ، قَالَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع مَا كُلُّ مَنْ نَوَى شَيْئاً قَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا كُلُّ مَنْ قَدَرَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ وُفِّقَ لَهُ وَ لَا كُلُّ مَنْ وُفِّقَ لِشَيْءٍ أَصَابَ لَهُ فَإِذَا اجْتَمَعَتِ النِّيَّةُ وَ الْقُدْرَةُ وَ التَّوْفِيقُ وَ الْإِصَابَةُ فَهُنَالِكَ تَمَّتِ السَّعَادَةُ
‘Kanz’ of Al Karajaky, he said,
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Not everyone aimed for is something Pre-determined upon him, nor everyone Pre-determined upon with something is concordant to it, nor is everyone concordant with something would be achieving it. When the intention, and Pre-determination, and the Inclination, and the achievement are gathered, over there the fortunacy is completed’’.[49]
باب 8 التمحيص و الاستدراج و الابتلاء و الاختبار
CHAPTER 8 – THE SCRUTINY, AND THE LURE, AND THE AFFLICTION, AND THE TEST
الآيات آل عمران وَ لا يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّما نُمْلِي لَهُمْ خَيْرٌ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ إِنَّما نُمْلِي لَهُمْ لِيَزْدادُوا إِثْماً وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ مُهِينٌ
The Verses – (Surah) Aal-e-Imran: And those who are committing Kufr should not reckon that Our Respiting to them is better for themselves. But rather, We are Respiting to them so they would increase in sin, and for them would be an abasing Punishment [3:178]
ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيَذَرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلى ما أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَمِيزَ الْخَبِيثَ مِنَ الطَّيِّبِ
Allah was not going to leave the Momineen to what you are upon presently until He Distinguishes the bad from the good [3:179]
و قال تعالى وَ لِيَعْلَمَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ يَتَّخِذَ مِنْكُمْ شُهَداءَ وَ اللَّهُ لا يُحِبُّ الظَّالِمِينَ وَ لِيُمَحِّصَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ يَمْحَقَ الْكافِرِينَ
and for Allah to Know those who believe and take martyrs from you; and Allah does not love the unjust [3:140] And for Allah to Examine those who are believing and Obliterate the Kafirs [3:141]
أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ وَ لَمَّا يَعْلَمِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ جاهَدُوا مِنْكُمْ وَ يَعْلَمَ الصَّابِرِينَ
Do you reckon that you would be entering the Paradise when Allah has not yet (Made) Known those who strive hard from among you, and (Made) Known the patient ones? [3:142]
و قال تعالى وَ لِيَبْتَلِيَ اللَّهُ ما فِي صُدُورِكُمْ وَ لِيُمَحِّصَ ما فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ
And the Exalted Said: and for Allah to Test what is in your chests and for Him to Purge what is in your hearts [3:154]
و قال تعالى لَتُبْلَوُنَّ فِي أَمْوالِكُمْ وَ أَنْفُسِكُمْ
And the Exalted Said: You will be Tested regarding your wealth and your selves, [3:186]
المائدة وَ حَسِبُوا أَلَّا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ
(Surah) Al Ma’idah: And they reckoned that strife would not be happening, [5:71]
الأنعام وَ هُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَكُمْ خَلائِفَ الْأَرْضِ وَ رَفَعَ بَعْضَكُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ دَرَجاتٍ لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ فِي ما آتاكُمْ
(Surah) Al Anaam: And He is the One Who Made you Caliphs in the earth and Raised some of you above the others by ranks in order to Try you regarding what He Gave you [6:165]
الأعراف وَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآياتِنا سَنَسْتَدْرِجُهُمْ مِنْ حَيْثُ لا يَعْلَمُونَ وَ أُمْلِي لَهُمْ إِنَّ كَيْدِي مَتِينٌ
(Surah) Al A’raf: And those who belied Our Signs, We Let them be gradually enticed from where they are not knowing [7:182] And I Respite them. Surely, My Plan is Robust [7:183]
الأنفال وَ اتَّقُوا فِتْنَةً لا تُصِيبَنَّ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْكُمْ خَاصَّةً
(Surah) Al Anfaal: And fear a Fitna (strife) which may not affect (only) those of you who are unjust in particular; [8:25]
و قال تعالى وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّما أَمْوالُكُمْ وَ أَوْلادُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ
And the Exalted Said: And know that rather your wealth and your children are a Fitna (strife), [8:28]
التوبة أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ أَنْ تُتْرَكُوا وَ لَمَّا يَعْلَمِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ جاهَدُوا مِنْكُمْ وَ لَمْ يَتَّخِذُوا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَ لا رَسُولِهِ وَ لَا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلِيجَةً وَ اللَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ
(Surah) Al Tawbah: Are you reckoning that you would be left alone while Allah has not yet Known those of you who have struggled hard; and do not take as a confidant any one from besides Allah, nor His Rasool, nor the Momineen; and Allah is Aware of what you are doing [9:16]
و قال تعالى أَ وَ لا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُمْ يُفْتَنُونَ فِي كُلِّ عامٍ مَرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ لا يَتُوبُونَ وَ لا هُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ
And the Exalted: Do they not see that they are being Tried once or twice in every year, yet they do not turn (to Allah) nor do they mind? [9:126]
هود لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ أَيُّكُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًا
(Surah) Hud-as: in order to Try you, which one of you is better in deeds. [11:7]
الكهف إِنَّا جَعَلْنا ما عَلَى الْأَرْضِ زِينَةً لَها لِنَبْلُوَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًا
(Surah) Al Kahf: Surely, We Made whatever is upon the earth as an adornment for it, so We may Try them (as to) which of them is best in deeds [18:7]
طه وَ فَتَنَّاكَ فُتُوناً
(Surah) Ta Ha: and We Tried you with a Trial [20:40]
و قال تعالى قالَ فَإِنَّا قَدْ فَتَنَّا قَوْمَكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ وَ أَضَلَّهُمُ السَّامِرِيُ إلى قوله يا قَوْمِ إِنَّما فُتِنْتُمْ بِهِ
And the Exalted Said: He said: “We have Tried your people from after you, and Al-Samiri strayed them!” [20:85] – up to His-azwj Words: ‘O people! But rather you are being tempted by it [20:90]
و قال تعالى لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ
And the Exalted Said: in order to Try them regarding it; [20:131]
الأنبياء وَ نَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَ الْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً وَ إِلَيْنا تُرْجَعُونَ
(Surah) Al Anbiya: and We Try you with the evil and the good as a Fitna, and to Us you shall be returning [21:35]
و قال وَ إِنْ أَدْرِي لَعَلَّهُ فِتْنَةٌ لَكُمْ وَ مَتاعٌ إِلى حِينٍ
And Said: And I know, perhaps it is a Fitna for you and a provision up to a time’ [21:111]
الحج لِيَجْعَلَ ما يُلْقِي الشَّيْطانُ فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ
(Surah) Al Hajj: So He Made what the Satan casted to be a fitna for those in whose hearts was a disease [22:53]
الفرقان وَ جَعَلْنا بَعْضَكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ فِتْنَةً أَ تَصْبِرُونَ وَ كانَ رَبُّكَ بَصِيراً
(Surah) Al Furqan: and We Made some of you a Fitna for some. Will you be patient? And your Lord was Ever-Seeing [25:20]
النمل بَلْ أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ تُفْتَنُونَ
(Surah) Al Naml: But, you are a people (who are) being Tried’ [27:47]
العنكبوت الم أَ حَسِبَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يُتْرَكُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا آمَنَّا وَ هُمْ لا يُفْتَنُونَ وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا وَ لَيَعْلَمَنَّ الْكاذِبِينَ
(Surah) Al Ankabout: Do the people reckon that they will be left alone on saying, ‘We believe’, and they will not be Tried? [29:2] And We have Tested those from before them. So, Allah will Make known those who are truthful and He will Make known the liars [29:3]
الأحزاب هُنالِكَ ابْتُلِيَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَ زُلْزِلُوا زِلْزالًا شَدِيداً
(Surah) Al Ahzaab: At that point the Momineen were Tried and were shaken with severe shaking [33:11]
الصافات إِنَّ هذا لَهُوَ الْبَلاءُ الْمُبِينُ
(Surah) Al Safaat: Surely, in this, it was the clear trial [37:106]
ص وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا سُلَيْمانَ وَ أَلْقَيْنا عَلى كُرْسِيِّهِ جَسَداً ثُمَّ أَنابَ
(Surah) Suad: And We Tested Suleyman, and We Placed a body upon his throne, then he repented [38:34]
الزمر فَإِذا مَسَّ الْإِنْسانَ ضُرٌّ دَعانا ثُمَّ إِذا خَوَّلْناهُ نِعْمَةً مِنَّا قالَ إِنَّما أُوتِيتُهُ عَلى عِلْمٍ بَلْ هِيَ فِتْنَةٌ وَ لكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لا يَعْلَمُونَ
(Surah) Al Zumar: So, when harm touches the human being, he supplicates to Us. Then, when We Bestow upon him a Favour from Us, he says, ‘But rather, I have acquired it by knowledge’. But, it is a Fitna, but most of them do not know [39:49]
المؤمن فَلا يَغْرُرْكَ تَقَلُّبُهُمْ فِي الْبِلادِ
(Surah) Al Momin: therefore do not let their movement in the cities deceive you [40:4]
الدخان وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ
(Surah) Al Dukhan: And We had Tried the people of Pharaoh before them, [44:17]
و قال تعالى وَ آتَيْناهُمْ مِنَ الْآياتِ ما فِيهِ بَلؤُا مُبِينٌ
And the Exalted Said: And We gave them from the Signs wherein was clear scourge (curse) [44:33]
محمد وَ لَوْ يَشاءُ اللَّهُ لَانْتَصَرَ مِنْهُمْ وَ لكِنْ لِيَبْلُوَا بَعْضَكُمْ بِبَعْضٍ
(Surah) Muhammad-saww: and if Allah so Desires He would Take Retribution from them, but He Tries some with others. [47:4]
و قال تعالى وَ لَنَبْلُوَنَّكُمْ حَتَّى نَعْلَمَ الْمُجاهِدِينَ مِنْكُمْ وَ الصَّابِرِينَ وَ نَبْلُوَا أَخْبارَكُمْ
And the Exalted Said: And We will Test you until We Make known the striving ones from you and the patient ones, and We Test your affairs [47:31]
القمر إِنَّا مُرْسِلُوا النَّاقَةِ فِتْنَةً لَهُمْ
(Surah) Al Qamar: We will be Sending a she-camel as a trial for them, therefore watch them and be patient [54:27]
الممتحنة رَبَّنا لا تَجْعَلْنا فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا
(Surah) Al Mumtahanah: Our Lord! Do not Make us to be a Fitna for those who commit Kufr, [60:5]
الملك الَّذِي خَلَقَ الْمَوْتَ وَ الْحَياةَ لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ أَيُّكُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًا
(Surah) Al Mulk: Who Created the death and the life in order to Try you, which of you is best in deeds [67:2]
القلم إِنَّا بَلَوْناهُمْ كَما بَلَوْنا أَصْحابَ الْجَنَّةِ إِذْ أَقْسَمُوا لَيَصْرِمُنَّها مُصْبِحِينَ
(Surah) Al Qalam: Surely, We will Try them just as We Tried the owners of the garden, when they swore that they would be plucking its fruit in the morning [68:17]
و قال تعالى فَذَرْنِي وَ مَنْ يُكَذِّبُ بِهذَا الْحَدِيثِ سَنَسْتَدْرِجُهُمْ مِنْ حَيْثُ لا يَعْلَمُونَ وَ أُمْلِي لَهُمْ إِنَّ كَيْدِي مَتِينٌ
And the Exalted Said: So leave Me and the one who belies this Hadeeth. We will gradually Overcome them from where they are not knowing [68:44] And I am Respiting for them, surely, My Plan is Strong [68:45]
الجن لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ
(Surah) Al Jinn: For Us to Try them regarding him. [72:17]
المدثر وَ ما جَعَلْنا عِدَّتَهُمْ إِلَّا فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا
(Surah) Al Muddasir: and We have not Made their number except as a Fitna for those who commit Kufr [74:31]
الطارق إِنَّهُمْ يَكِيدُونَ كَيْداً وَ أَكِيدُ كَيْداً
(Surah) Al Tariq: They would be plotting a plot [86:15] And I would be Planning a plan [86:16].
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَرِضَ فَعَادَهُ إِخْوَانُهُ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ نَجِدُكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ بِشَرٍّ قَالُوا مَا هَذَا كَلَامُ مِثْلِكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ وَ نَبْلُوكُمْ بِالشَّرِّ وَ الْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً فَالْخَيْرُ الصِّحَّةُ وَ الْغِنَى وَ الشَّرُّ الْمَرَضُ وَ الْفَقْرُ.
And it is reported from Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘Amir Al Mominieen-asws fell sick so his-asws brethren consoled him-asws. He (They) said, ‘How do we find you-asws, O Amir Al Momineen-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘With evil (state)’. They said, ‘This is not the speech of someone like you-asws!’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Says: Every self shall taste the death, and We Try you with the evil and the good as a Fitna [21:35]. The good is the good health and the riches, and the evil is the sickness and the poverty’.
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِذَا أَحْدَثَ الْعَبْدُ ذَنْباً جُدِّدَ لَهُ نِعْمَةٌ فَيَدَعُ الِاسْتِغْفَارَ فَهُوَ الِاسْتِدْرَاجُ
And it is reported from Abu Abdullah, he said: ‘Whenever the servant innovates a sin, a bounty is renewed for him, so he leaves seeking the Forgiveness. It is the encroachment’.
1- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ بِإِسْنَادٍ لَهُ يُرْسِلُهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: وَ اللَّهِ لَتُمَحَّصُنَّ وَ اللَّهِ لَتُمَيَّزُنَّ وَ اللَّهِ لَتُغَرْبَلُنَّ حَتَّى لَا يَبْقَى مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا الْأَنْدَرُ قُلْتُ وَ مَا الْأَنْدَرُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – Al Washa, by a chain of his sending it up to,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww having said: ‘By Allah-azwj! You will be sifted. By Allah-azwj! You will be distinguished. By Allah-azwj! You will be screened until there does not remain anyone from you except the rarest’. It was said, ‘And what is the ‘rarest’?’
قَالَ الْبَيْدَرُ وَ هُوَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الرَّجُلُ قُبَّةَ الطَّعَامِ يُطَيِّنُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يُخْرِجُهُ وَ قَدْ تَأَكَّلَ بَعْضُهُ فَلَا يَزَالُ يُنَقِّيهِ ثُمَّ يُكِنُّ عَلَيْهِ يُخْرِجُهُ حَتَّى يَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ حَتَّى يَبْقَى مَا لَا يَضُرُّهُ شَيْءٌ
He-asws said: ‘The threshing flow, and it is that the man inserts on the dome of food, having put some soil upon it, then he takes it out, and part of it has already been mixed up, so he does not cease to clean it. Then he concentrates upon it extracting (soil) until he does that three times, until there does not remain anything what can harm him’’.[50]
2- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ حُمْرَانَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِهِ رَبَّنا لا تَجْعَلْنا فِتْنَةً لِلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ قَالَ لَا تُسَلِّطْهُمْ عَلَيْنَا فَتَفْتِنَهُمْ بِنَا
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Zurara and Humran, and Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws about His-azwj Words: ‘O Lord! Do not Make us to be a Fitna for the unjust people [10:85]. He-asws said: ‘Do not let them overcome upon us, so they would be Tried by us’’.[51]
3- كش، رجال الكشي خَلَفُ بْنُ حَمَّارٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع إِنِّي تَرَكْتُ ابْنَ قِيَامَا مِنْ أَعْدَى خَلْقِ اللَّهِ لَكَ قَالَ ذَلِكَ شَرٌّ لَهُ قُلْتُ مَا أَعْجَبَ مَا أَسْمَعُ مِنْكَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
‘Rijal’ of Al Kashi – Khalaf Bin Hamar, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ali Bin Asbat, from Al Husayn Ibn Al Hassan who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, ‘I left Ibn Qayama as one most inimical of the creatures of Allah-azwj to you-asws’. He-asws said: ‘That is evil for him?’ I said, ‘How strange what I hear from you-asws, may I be sacrificed for you-asws?’
قَالَ أَعْجَبُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ إِبْلِيسُ كَانَ فِي جِوَارِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي الْقُرْبِ مِنْهُ فَأَمَرَهُ فَأَبَى وَ تَعَزَّزَ وَ كَانَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ فَأَمْلَى اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ اللَّهِ مَا عَذَّبَ اللَّهُ بِشَيْءٍ أَشَدَّ مِنَ الْإِمْلَاءِ وَ اللَّهِ يَا حُسَيْنُ مَا عَذَّبَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِشَيْءٍ أَشَدَّ مِنَ الْإِمْلَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘Stranger than that is Iblees-la. He-la was in the vicinity of Allah-azwj Might and Majestic, in the nearness from Him-azwj, so He-azwj Commanded him-la, but he-la refused and was arrogant, and he-la was from the Kafirs, and Allah-azwj Respited for him-la. By Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj does not Punish with something severer than the respite. By Allah-azwj, O Husayn! Allah-azwj does not Punish them with anything severer than the respite!’’[52]
4- يد، التوحيد أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا مِنْ قَبْضٍ وَ لَا بَسْطٍ إِلَّا وَ لِلَّهِ فِيهِ الْمَنُّ أَوِ الِابْتِلَاءُ
‘Al Tawheed’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, form Al Ash’ary, from Muhammad Bin Al Sindy, from Ali Ibn Al Hakam, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There is none from a withholding or an extension except and for Allah-azwj therein is the Generosity or the Trial’’.[53]
5- يد، التوحيد عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الطَّيَّارِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا مِنْ قَبْضٍ وَ لَا بَسْطٍ إِلَّا وَ لِلَّهِ فِيهِ مَشِيَّةٌ وَ قَضَاءٌ وَ ابْتِلَاءٌ
‘Al Tawheed’ – My father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim from Al Yaqteeny, from Yunus, from Al Tayyar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There is none from a withholding or an extension except and (for) Allah-azwj therein is a Desire, and an Ordainment, and Trial’’.[54]
6- يد، التوحيد أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنِ الطَّيَّارِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ لَهُ لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ فِيهِ قَبْضٌ أَوْ بَسْطٌ مِمَّا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَوْ نَهَى عَنْهُ إِلَّا وَ فِيهِ مِنَ اللَّهِ ابْتِلَاءٌ وَ قَضَاءٌ
‘Al Tawheed’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Fazalat, from Al Tayyar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said to him: ‘There isn’t anything wherein is a withholding or an extension, from what Allah-azwj has Commanded with or Prohibited from except and therein from Allah-azwj is a Trial and an Ordainment’’.[55]
7- سن، المحاسن ابْنُ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَيْسَ لِلْعَبْدِ قَبْضٌ وَ لَا بَسْطٌ مِمَّا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَوْ نَهَى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَّا وَ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِيهِ ابْتِلَاءٌ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ibn Fazal, from Abdula A’ala Bin Ayn,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There isn’t for a servant, neither a withholding nor an extension from what Allah-azwj has Commanded with, or Allah-azwj has prohibited from, except and from Allah-azwj there is a Trial in it’’.[56]
8- سن، المحاسن مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ مَعاً عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ الْوَصَّافِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ فِيمَا نَاجَى اللَّهُ بِهِ مُوسَى ع أَنْ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ هَذَا السَّامِرِيُّ صَنَعَ الْعِجْلَ الْخُوَارُ مَنْ صَنَعَهُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ تِلْكَ فِتْنَتِي فَلَا تُفْصِحَنَّ عَنْهَا
‘Al Mahasin’ – Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ibn Muskan, and Is’haq Bin Amar both together, from Ubeydullah Bin Al Waleed Al Wasafy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Among what Musa-as whispered to Allah-azwj with was that he-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! This Al-Samiry-la has made the calf mooing from his-la handiwork! Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed unto him-as: “Surely, that is My-azwj Trial, therefore do not broadcast about it”’.[57]
9- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ السِّمْطِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً فَأَذْنَبَ ذَنْباً أَتْبَعَهُ بِنَقِمَةٍ وَ يُذَكِّرُهُ الِاسْتِغْفَارَ وَ إِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدٍ شَرّاً فَأَذْنَبَ ذَنْباً أَتْبَعَهُ بِنِعْمَةٍ لِيُنْسِيَهُ الِاسْتِغْفَارَ وَ يَتَمَادَى بِهَا وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ سَنَسْتَدْرِجُهُمْ مِنْ حَيْثُ لا يَعْلَمُونَ بِالنِّعَمِ عِنْدَ الْمَعَاصِي
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Abdullah Bin Handab, from Sufyan Bin Al Simt who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When Allah-azwj Wants good with a servant, and he commits a sin, He-azwj Pursues him with an affliction and remind him to seek Forgiveness. And when He-azwj Wants evils with a servant and he commits a sin, He-azwj Pursues him with a Bounty to Make him forget the seeking of Forgiveness and persist with it (sin), and these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: We will gradually Entice them from where they are not knowing [68:44], with the Bounty during the (act of) disobedience’’.[58]
10- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الِاسْتِدْرَاجِ قَالَ هُوَ الْعَبْدُ يُذْنِبُ الذَّنْبَ فَيُمْلِي لَهُ وَ يُجَدَّدُ لَهُ عِنْدَهُ النِّعَمُ فَيُلْهِيهِ عَنِ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ فَهُوَ مُسْتَدْرَجٌ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَعْلَمُ
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, altogether from Ibn Mahboub, from one of his companions who said,
Abu Abdullah-asws was asked about the lure (gradual enticement), he-asws said: ‘It is the servant committing the sin, and he is Respited for it and the Bounty is renewed for him to be with him, and it distracts him from seeking the Forgiveness from the sins, thus he is gradually enticed from where he does not even know’’.[59]
11- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ سَنَسْتَدْرِجُهُمْ مِنْ حَيْثُ لا يَعْلَمُونَ قَالَ هُوَ الْعَبْدُ يُذْنِبُ الذَّنْبَ فَيُجَدَّدُ لَهُ النِّعْمَةُ مَعَهُ تُلْهِيهِ تِلْكَ النِّعْمَةُ عَنِ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الذَّنْبِ
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ammar Bin Marwan, from Sama’at who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: We will gradually Entice them from where they are not knowing [68:44]. He-asws said: ‘He is the servant committing the sin, and the Bounty is renewed for him to be with him. That Bounty distracts him from seeking the Forgiveness from that sin’’.[60]
12- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ السَّرَّاجِ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ لَمَّا بُويِعَ بَعْدَ مَقْتَلِ عُثْمَانَ صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ وَ خَطَبَ بِخُطْبَةٍ ذَكَرَهَا يَقُولُ فِيهَا أَلَا إِنَّ بَلِيَّتَكُمْ قَدْ عَادَتْ كَهَيْئَتِهَا يَوْمَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ ص
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Mahboub, from Yaqoub Al Saraj, and Ali Bin Raib,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws that Amir Al-Momineen-asws, when he-asws was pledged the allegiances after the killing of Usman, ascended the pulpit and addressed with a sermon saying in it: ‘Indeed! Your troubles have returned to be as they were on the day Allah-azwj Sent His-azwj Prophet-saww.
وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ لَتُبَلْبَلُنَّ بَلْبَلَةً وَ لَتُغَرْبَلُنَّ غَرْبَلَةً حَتَّى يَعُودَ أَسْفَلُكُمْ أَعْلَاكُمْ وَ أَعْلَاكُمْ أَسْفَلَكُمْ وَ لَيَسْبِقَنَّ سَبَّاقُونَ كَانُوا قَصَّرُوا وَ لَيُقَصِّرَنَّ سَبَّاقُونَ كَانُوا سَبَقُوا
By the One-azwj Who Sent him-saww with the Truth! You will be troubled by the troubles, and be screened with a screened until your lower ones return to be your higher ones, and your higher ones, (to be) your lower ones, and they will precede the preceding ones, (those) who were behind, and the preceding ones will fall behind, (those) who were preceding.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَتَمْتُ وَسْمَةً وَ لَا كَذَبْتُ كِذْبَةً وَ لَقَدْ نُبِّئْتُ بِهَذَا الْمَقَامِ وَ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ
By Allah-azwj! I-asws am not concealing a word, nor telling a lie, and I-asws had been informed of this place, and this day’’.[61]
13- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى وَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْأَنْبَارِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَاءِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ وَيْلٌ لِطُغَاةِ الْعَرَبِ مِنْ أَمْرٍ قَدِ اقْتَرَبَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ كَمْ مَعَ الْقَائِمِ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ قَالَ نَفَرٌ يَسِيرٌ قُلْتُ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ مَنْ يَصِفُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ مِنْهُمْ لَكَثِيرٌ قَالَ لَا بُدَّ لِلنَّاسِ مِنْ أَنْ يُمَحَّصُوا وَ يُمَيَّزُوا وَ يُغَرْبَلُوا وَ يُسْتَخْرَجَ فِي الْغِرْبَالِ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, and Al Hassan Bin Muhammad, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Al Qasim Bin Ismail Al Anbary, from Al Husayn Bin Ali, from Abu Al Magra, from Ibn Abu Yafour who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Woe be for the Arab tyrants from a matter which has drawn near!’ I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! How many from the Arabs would be with Al-Qaim-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘A small number’. I said, ‘By Allah-azwj! The ones from them who describe to be upon this matter are numerous’. He-asws said: ‘There is no escape for the people from being sifted, and distinguished, and screened, and a lot of people would be gradually sifted out during the screening’’.[62]
14- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَمَّرِ بْنِ خَلَّادٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع يَقُولُ الم أَ حَسِبَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يُتْرَكُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا آمَنَّا وَ هُمْ لا يُفْتَنُونَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي مَا الْفِتْنَةُ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ الَّذِي عِنْدَنَا الْفِتْنَةُ فِي الدِّينِ فَقَالَ يُفْتَنُونَ كَمَا يُفْتَنُ الذَّهَبُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يُخَلَّصُونَ كَمَا يُخَلَّصُ الذَّهَبُ
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Moamar Bin Khalad who said,
‘I heard Abu Al-Hassan-asws saying: ‘Do the people reckon that they will be left alone on saying, ‘We believe’, and they will not be Tried? [29:2]’. Then he-asws said to me: ‘What is the Fitna?’ I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! That which is with us, is the Fitna (Trial) in the Religion’. He-asws said: ‘They would be Tried just as the gold gets tested’. Then he-asws said: ‘They would be Purified just as the gold gets purified’’.[63]
15- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ الصَّيْقَلِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَنَا وَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ وَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا جُلُوساً وَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَسْمَعُ كَلَامَنَا فَقَالَ لَنَا فِي أَيِّ شَيْءٍ أَنْتُمْ هَيْهَاتَ هَيْهَاتَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا يَكُونُ مَا تَمُدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ أَعْيُنَكُمْ حَتَّى تُغَرْبَلُوا
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Al Hassan and Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Muhammad Bin Mansour Al Sayqal, from his father who said,
‘I and Al-Haris Bin Al-Mugheira from our companions were seated, and Abu Abdullah-asws spoke to us. He-asws said to us: ‘Regarding which thing are you (discussing)?’ Far be it! Far be it! By Allah-azwj, it cannot happen (Rising of Al-Qaim-asws) what you are extending your necks to until you are screened! No, by Allah-azwj, it cannot happen what you are extending your necks to until you are sifted! No, by Allah-azwj, it cannot happen what you are extending your necks to until you are distinguished (sifted)!
لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا يَكُونُ مَا تَمُدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ أَعْيُنَكُمْ حَتَّى تُمَحَّصُوا لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا يَكُونُ مَا تَمُدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ أَعْيُنَكُمْ حَتَّى تُمَيَّزُوا لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا يَكُونُ مَا تَمُدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ أَعْيُنَكُمْ إِلَّا بَعْدَ إِيَاسٍ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا يَكُونُ مَا تَمُدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ أَعْيُنَكُمْ حَتَّى يَشْقَى مَنْ يَشْقَى وَ يَسْعَدَ مَنْ يَسْعَدُ
No, by Allah-azwj, it cannot happen what you are extending your necks to except after despair! No, by Allah-azwj, it cannot happen what you are extending your necks to until he (becomes) wretched the one who is wretched, and he (becomes) fortunate one who is fortunate’’.[64]
16- نهج، نهج البلاغة أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ أَعَاذَكُمْ مِنْ أَنْ يَجُورَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ لَمْ يُعِذْكُمْ مِنْ أَنْ يَبْتَلِيَكُمْ وَ قَدْ قَالَ جَلَّ مِنْ قَائِلٍ إِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ لَآياتٍ وَ إِنْ كُنَّا لَمُبْتَلِينَ
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘(Amir Al-Momineen-asws said): ‘O you people! Allah-azwj the Exalted Allah-azwj has Sheltered you from being tyrannical upon you and did not Shelter you from Trying you, Surely there are signs in that, and We would always be Testing!” [23:30]’’.[65]
17- نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ ع كَمْ مِنْ مُسْتَدْرَجٍ بِالْإِحْسَانِ إِلَيْهِ وَ مَغْرُورٍ بِالسِّتْرِ عَلَيْهِ وَ مَفْتُونٍ بِحُسْنِ الْقَوْلِ فِيهِ وَ مَا ابْتَلَى اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ أَحَداً بِمِثْلِ الْإِمْلَاءِ
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘He-asws said: ‘How many people have been gradually enticed by the Favours upon him, and deceived by the veiling upon him, and tempted by the good words regarding him, and Allah-azwj the Glorious has not Tried anyone with the likes of the respite’’.[66]
18- وَ قَالَ ع أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ لِيَرَكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنَ النِّعْمَةِ وَجِلِينَ كَمَا يَرَاكُمْ مِنَ النَّقِمَةِ فَرِقِينِ إِنَّهُ مَنْ وُسِّعَ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَاتِ يَدِهِ فَلَمْ يَرَ ذَلِكَ اسْتِدْرَاجاً فَقَدْ أَمِنَ مَخُوفاً وَ مَنْ ضُيِّقَ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَاتِ يَدِهِ فَلَمْ يَرَ ذَلِكَ اختيارا [اخْتِبَاراً] فَقَدْ ضَيَّعَ مَأْمُولًا
And he-asws said: ‘O you people! Allah-azwj Shows you two type of the Bounties just as He-azwj Shows you two types of the scourges. One whose, it (sustenance) is expanded upon in his hands, but he does not see that as a gradual enticement, so he (feels) safe (from) fear, and one whom (sustenance) is restricted upon, but he does not see that as a choice, so he has wasted hope’’.[67]
باب 9 أن المعرفة منه تعالى
CHAPTER 9 – THE RECOGNITION IS FROM HIM-azwj, THE EXALTED
الآيات لقمان وَ لَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ قُلِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لا يَعْلَمُونَ
The Verse – (Surah) Luqman-as: And if you were to ask them: ‘Who Created the skies and the earth?’ They would be saying, ‘Allah’. Say: ‘The Praise is for Allah’. But, most of them do not recognise [31:25]
الزخرف وَ لَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ خَلَقَهُنَّ الْعَزِيزُ الْعَلِيمُ
(Surah) Al Zukhruf: And if you were to ask them: ‘Who Created the skies and the earth?’ They would be saying, ‘The Mighty, the Wise Created these’. [43:9]
الحجرات يَمُنُّونَ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ أَسْلَمُوا قُلْ لا تَمُنُّوا عَلَيَّ إِسْلامَكُمْ بَلِ اللَّهُ يَمُنُّ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ هَداكُمْ لِلْإِيمانِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صادِقِينَ
(Surah) Al Hujuraat: They think they are conferring a favour upon you if they become Muslims. Say, ‘Your professing Islam does not confer a favour upon me, but Allah Confers a Favour upon you if He Guides you to the Eman, if you were truthful [49:17]
الليل إِنَّ عَلَيْنا لَلْهُدى
(Surah) Al Layl: Surely, upon Us is to Guide [92:12]
1- ب، قرب الإسناد مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ حُكَيْمٍ عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع لِلنَّاسِ فِي الْمَعْرِفَةِ صُنْعٌ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ لَهُمْ عَلَيْهَا ثَوَابٌ قَالَ يُتَطَوَّلُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالثَّوَابِ كَمَا يُتَطَوَّلُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْمَعْرِفَةِ
‘Qurb al Isnaad’ – Muawiya Bin Hakeem, from Al Bazanty who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws regarding the recognition, ‘Is it made?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘Are there Rewards for them upon (achieving) it?’ He-asws said: ‘The Rewards would be Conferred upon them just as the recognition was Conferred upon them with’’.[68]
2- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْبَغْدَادِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سِتَّةُ أَشْيَاءَ لَيْسَ لِلْعِبَادِ فِيهَا صُنْعٌ الْمَعْرِفَةُ وَ الْجَهْلُ وَ الرِّضَا وَ الْغَضَبُ وَ النَّوْمُ وَ الْيَقَظَةُ
‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Musa Bin Ja’far Al Baghdady, from Abu Abdullah Al Isfahany, from Dorost, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Six things, there isn’t any making for the servants regarding these – The recognition, and the ignorance, and the pleasure, and the anger, and the sleep, and the waking up’’.[69]
3- يد، التوحيد ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ الْقَصِيرِ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ عَلَى يَدَيْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَعْرِفَةِ وَ الْجُحُودِ أَ هُمَا مَخْلُوقَتَانِ
‘Al Tawheed’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Marouf, from Ibn Abu Najran, from Hamad Bin Usman, from Abdul Raheem Al Qaseyr who said,
‘I wrote upon the hands of Abdul Malik Bin Ayn and I asked him-asws about the recognition, and the rejection, are these two creations?’
فَكَتَبَ ع سَأَلْتَ عَنِ الْمَعْرِفَةِ مَا هِيَ فَاعْلَمْ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ أَنَّ الْمَعْرِفَةَ مِنْ صُنْعِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي الْقَلْبِ مَخْلُوقَةٌ وَ الْجُحُودَ صُنْعُ اللَّهِ فِي الْقَلْبِ مَخْلُوقٌ وَ لَيْسَ لِلْعِبَادِ فِيهِمَا مِنْ صُنْعٍ وَ لَهُمْ فِيهَا الِاخْتِيَارُ مِنَ الِاكْتِسَابِ
He-asws wrote: ‘You asked about the recognition what it is, then know, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, that the recognition is from a Making of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic in the hearts of the creatures; and the rejection is a Making of Allah-azwj in the heart of the creature, and there isn’t a making for the servants regarding these two, and for them in these two is the choices from the acquiring.
فَبِشَهْوَتِهِمُ الْإِيمَانَ اخْتَارُوا الْمَعْرِفَةَ فَكَانُوا بِذَلِكَ مُؤْمِنِينَ عَارِفِينَ وَ بِشَهْوَتِهِمُ الْكُفْرَ اخْتَارُوا الْجُحُودَ فَكَانُوا بِذَلِكَ كَافِرِينَ جَاحِدِينَ ضُلَّالًا وَ ذَلِكَ بِتَوْفِيقِ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ وَ خِذْلَانِ مَنْ خَذَلَهُ اللَّهُ فَبِالاخْتِيَارِ وَ الِاكْتِسَابِ عَاقَبَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَ أَثَابَهُمْ الْخَبَرَ
By their passion of the Eman they choose the recognition, and they become by that, Momineen, understanding, and by their passion of the Kufr they choose the rejection, so they become by that, Kafirs, rejecters, strayers; and that is by Inclination of Allah-azwj for them (Momineen), and Forsaking of one whom Allah-azwj Forsakes. Thus, by their choices and their acquisition, Allah-azwj Punishes them and Rewards them’ – the Hadeeth’.[70]
4- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنِ النَّضْرِ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَاءِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ: إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الْحُبَّ الَّذِي تُحِبُّونَّا لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ صَنَعْتُمُوهُ وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ صَنَعَهُ
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Al Nazar, from Al Halby, from Abu Al Magra, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘I-asws know that this love, which you are loving us-asws with isn’t something you made it to be, but Allah-azwj Made it’’.[71]
5- سن، المحاسن ابْنُ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ وَ فَضْلٍ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى مَوْلَى آلِ سَامٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمْ يُكَلِّفِ اللَّهُ الْعِبَادَ الْمَعْرِفَةَ وَ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ إِلَيْهَا سَبِيلًا
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ibn Fazal, from Ali Bin Aqaba, and Fazal Al Asady, from Abdul A’ala, a slave of the family of Saam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj did not Encumber the servants (to have) the recognition, and did not Make for them a way to (achieve) it’’.[72]
6- سن، المحاسن الْوَشَّاءُ عَنْ أَبَانٍ الْأَحْمَرِ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ بَقْبَاقٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ كَتَبَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الْإِيمانَ هَلْ لَهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ صُنْعٌ قَالَ لَا
‘Al Mahasin’ – Al Washa, from Aban Al Ahmar, from Usman, from Al Fazal Abu Al Abbas at Qabaq who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: They, Allah has Written the Eman to be in their hearts [58:22], is there a making for them regarding that?’ He-asws said: ‘No!’’[73]
7- سن، المحاسن الْوَشَّاءُ عَنْ أَبَانٍ الْأَحْمَرِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ هَلْ لِلْعِبَادِ فِيهِ صُنْعٌ قَالَ لَا وَ لَا كَرَامَةَ بَلْ هُوَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ فَضْلِهِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Al Washa, from Aban Al Ahmar, from Al Hassan Bin Ziyad who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Eman, ‘Is there any making for the servants regarding it?’ He-asws said: ‘No, and there is no prestige, but it is from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Grace’’.[74]
8- سن، المحاسن مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ الْحُرِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ حَبَّبَ إِلَيْكُمُ الْإِيمانَ وَ زَيَّنَهُ فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ هَلْ لِلْعِبَادِ بِمَا حَبَّبَ صُنْعٌ قَالَ لَا وَ لَا كَرَامَةَ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Al Nazar, from Yahya Al Halby, from Ayoub Bin Al Hurr, from Al Hassan Bin Ziyad who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: But, Allah Endeared the Eman to you and Adorned it in your hearts [49:7], ‘Is there any making for the servants with what they love?’ He-asws said: ‘No, and there is no prestige (for them)’’.[75]
9- سن، المحاسن أَبِي خِدَاشٍ الْمَهْدِيِ عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ حَفْصٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: لَيْسَ عَلَى النَّاسِ أَنْ يَعْلَمُوا حَتَّى يَكُونَ اللَّهُ هُوَ الْمُعَلِّمَ لَهُمْ فَإِذَا أَعْلَمَهُمْ فَعَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَعْلَمُوا.
‘Al Mahasin’ – Abu Khadash Al Mahdy, from Al Haysam Bin Hafs, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘It isn’t upon the people that they should be knowing until Allah-azwj happens to be the Teacher for them. So, when He-azwj Teaches them, then it is up to them that they should be knowing’’.[76]
10- سن، المحاسن عِدَّةٌ عَنْ عَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ مُثَنًّى الْحَنَّاطِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ خَلْقَهُ فَخَلَقَ قَوْماً لِحُبِّنَا لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ خَرَجَ مِنْ هَذَا الرَّأْيِ لَرَدَّهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ رَغِمَ أَنْفُهُ وَ خَلَقَ خَلْقاً لِبُغْضِنَا لَا يُحِبُّونَنَا أَبَداً
‘Al Mahasin’ – A number (of reporters), from Abbas Bin Aamir, from Masny Al Hanat, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Allah-azwj Created His-azwj creatures, and He-azwj Created a people to love us-asws. If even one of them exits from this view, Allah-azwj would Return him to it, and even if his nose is rubbed (disgraced); and He-azwj Created a people to hate us. They will not be loving us-asws, ever!’’.[77]
11- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْقَزْوِينِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَهْبَانَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ فِطْرَتَ اللَّهِ الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْها قَالَ التَّوْحِيدُ
‘Al Amaali’ of the Sheykh Al Tusi – Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim al Qazwiny, from Muhammad Bin Wahban, from Ahmad Bin Ibrahim, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Zafrany, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn AbuUmeyr, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘The nature which Allah-azwj Natured the people upon?’ He-asws said: ‘Tawheed’’.[78]
12- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ صَفْوَانَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِعَبْدٍ صَالِحٍ هَلْ فِي النَّاسِ اسْتِطَاعَةٌ يَتَعَاطَوْنَ بِهَا الْمَعْرِفَةَ قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا هُوَ تَطَوُّلٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Safwan who said,
‘I said to Abd Al-Salih-asws (7th Imam-asws), ‘Is there the capability in the people that they could be coming with it to the recognition?’ He-asws said: ‘No. But rather, it is Conferred from Allah-azwj’.
قُلْتُ أَ فَلَهُمْ عَلَى الْمَعْرِفَةِ ثَوَابٌ إِذَا كَانَ لَيْسَ فِيهِمْ مَا يَتَعَاطَوْنَهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الرُّكُوعِ وَ السُّجُودِ الَّذِي أُمِرُوا بِهِ فَفَعَلُوهُ قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا هُوَ تَطَوُّلٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ تَطَوُّلٌ بِالثَّوَابِ
I said, ‘Are there Rewards for them upon (achieving) the recognition, when there wasn’t in them what they could be using it at the status of the Ruku and the Sajdah which they have been Commanded with, so they do it?’ He-asws said: ‘But rather it is Conferred upon them from Allah-azwj and Conferred with the Rewards’’.[79]
13- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَ أَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ قَالَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ مُعَايَنَةَ اللَّهِ فَأَنْسَاهُمُ الْمُعَايَنَةَ وَ أَثْبَتَ الْإِقْرَارَ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ مَا عَرَفَ أَحَدٌ خَالِقَهُ وَ لَا رَازِقَهُ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ وَ لَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Fazalat, from Hameel Bin Daraj, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam, their offspring from their foreheads and Made them testify against their own selves [7:172]. He-asws said: ‘That was a preview (witness) of Allah-azwj, He-azwj Made them forget the preview (witness), and the acknowledgment was affirmed in their chests, and had it not been that, no one would recognise his Creator nor his Sustainer, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj: ‘And if you were to ask them: ‘Who Created the skies and the earth?’ They would be saying, ‘Allah’. [31:25]’’.[80]
باب 10 الطينة و الميثاق
CHAPTER 10 – THE ESSENCE (CLAY) AND THE COVENANT
الآيات الأعراف وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَ أَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قالُوا بَلى شَهِدْنا أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هذا غافِلِينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al A’raaf: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam, their offspring from their foreheads and Made them testify against their own selves: “Am I not your Lord?” They said, ‘Yes, we testify’. (He Said): “Lest you should be saying on the Day of Qiyamah, ‘We were oblivious of this’ [7:172]
أَوْ تَقُولُوا إِنَّما أَشْرَكَ آباؤُنا مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ كُنَّا ذُرِّيَّةً مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ أَ فَتُهْلِكُنا بِما فَعَلَ الْمُبْطِلُونَ
Or you should be saying, ‘But rather, our fathers associated from before, and were an offspring from after them. Will You Destroy us due to the deeds of the wrong-doers?’ [7:173]
الأحزاب وَ إِذْ أَخَذْنا مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِيثاقَهُمْ وَ مِنْكَ وَ مِنْ نُوحٍ وَ إِبْراهِيمَ وَ مُوسى وَ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَ أَخَذْنا مِنْهُمْ مِيثاقاً غَلِيظاً
(Suah) Al Ahzaab: And when We Took from the Prophets, their Covenants, and from you, and from Noah and Ibrahim and Musa and Isa son of Maryam, and We Took from them a Solemn Covenant [33:7]
لِيَسْئَلَ الصَّادِقِينَ عَنْ صِدْقِهِمْ وَ أَعَدَّ لِلْكافِرِينَ عَذاباً أَلِيماً
In order for Him to Question the truthful about their truthfulness. And He has Prepared a painful Punishment for the Kafirs [33:8]
1- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ طِينَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ قَالَ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ فَلَنْ يَنْجُسَ أَبَداً
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Salih Bin Sahl who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! From which thing did Allah-azwj Create the clay of the Momin?’ He-asws said: ‘From the clay of the Prophets-as, so they will never be unclean, ever!’’[81]
2- سن، المحاسن بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْمُؤْمِنُونَ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ قَالَ نَعَمْ
‘Al Mahasin’ – By this chain, he (the narrator) said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The Momineen are from the clay of the Prophets-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’’.[82]
3- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنِ ابْنِ قُولَوَيْهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّا وَ شِيعَتَنَا خُلِقْنَا مِنْ طِينَةٍ مِنْ عِلِّيِّينَ وَ خُلِقَ عَدُوُّنَا مِنْ طِينَةِ خَبَالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Ibn Qawlawiya, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Fazalat, form Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘We-asws and our-asws Shias were Created from the clay of Illiyeen, and our-asws enemies from the essence of Khabal[83] from matured mud, altered [15:26]’’.[84]
4- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي شَيْخُ الطَّائِفَةِ عَنْ أَبِي مَنْصُورٍ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ الْقَطَّانِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع عَنْ أَبِيهِمَا عَنْ جَدِّهِمَا قَالا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ فِي الْفِرْدَوْسِ لَعَيْناً أَحْلَى مِنَ الشَّهْدِ وَ أَلْيَنَ مِنَ الزُّبْدِ وَ أَبْرَدَ مِنَ الثَّلْجِ وَ أَطْيَبَ مِنَ
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Sheykh Al Ta’ifa, from Abu Mansour Al Sakry, from his grandfather Ali Bin Umar, from Is’haq Bin Marwan Al Qatan, from his father, from Ubeyd Bin Mahran Al Attar, from Yahys Bin Abdullah Ibn Al Hassan, from his father,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from both their-asws father-asws, from both their-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘In Al-Firdows there is a spring sweeter than the honey, and softer than the butter, and colder than the snow, and more aromatic than the musk.
الْمِسْكِ فِيهَا طِينَةٌ خَلَقَنَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْهَا وَ خَلَقَ مِنْهَا شِيعَتَنَا فَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ تِلْكَ الطِّينَةِ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا وَ لَا مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا وَ هِيَ الْمِيثَاقُ الَّذِي أَخَذَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ وَلَايَةَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
Therein is clay, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created us-asws from it and Created our-asws Shias from it, so one who does not happen to be from that clay, he isn’t from us-asws nor from our-asws Shias, and it is the Covenant which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Took upon it, the Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.
قَالَ عُبَيْدٌ فَذَكَرْتُ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ صَدَقَكَ يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ هَكَذَا أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص
Ubeyd said, ‘I mentioned this Hadeeth to Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, and he-asws said: ‘Yahya Bin Abdullah spoke the truth. That is how my-asws father-asws informed me-asws from my-asws grandfather, from the Prophet-saww’’.[85]
5- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى وَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ السِّجِسْتَانِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمَّا أَخْرَجَ ذُرِّيَّةَ آدَمَ ع مِنْ ظَهْرِهِ لِيَأْخُذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمِيثَاقَ لَهُ بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ كَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمِيثَاقَ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ نُبُوَّةَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ص
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, and it was narrated by my father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Hisham Bin Salim, from Habeeb Al Sijistany who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Extracted the offspring of Adam-as from his-as sulb in order to Take the Covenant upon them for Him-azwj with the Lordship, and with the Prophet-hood of every Prophet-as, the first one the Covenant was Taken upon them with the Prophet-hood was the Prophet-hood of Muhammad-saww Bin Abdullah-asws.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ لآِدَمَ ع انْظُرْ مَا ذَا تَرَى قَالَ فَنَظَرَ آدَمُ إِلَى ذُرِّيَّتِهِ وَ هُمْ ذَرٌّ قَدْ مَلَئُوا السَّمَاءَ فَقَالَ آدَمُ يَا رَبِّ مَا أَكْثَرَ ذُرِّيَّتِي وَ لِأَمْرٍ مَا خَلَقْتَهُمْ فَمَا تُرِيدُ مِنْهُمْ بِأَخْذِكَ الْمِيثَاقَ عَلَيْهِمْ
Then Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Said: “Look! What is that you-as see?” Adam-as looked at his-as offspring, and they were particles filling up the sky. Adam-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! How many are my-as offspring! And for which matter have You-azwj Created them? And what do You-azwj Want from them by Taking of the Covenant upon them?’
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ لِيَعْبُدُونِي وَ لَا يُشْرِكُونَ بِي شَيْئاً وَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِرُسُلِي وَ يَتَّبِعُونَهُمْ قَالَ آدَمُ ع فَمَا لِي أَرَى بَعْضَ الذَّرِّ أَعْظَمَ مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَ بَعْضَهُمْ لَهُ نُورٌ قَلِيلٌ وَ بَعْضَهُمْ لَيْسَ لَهُ نُورٌ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَذَلِكَ خَلَقْتُهُمْ لِأَبْلُوَهُمْ فِي كُلِّ حَالاتِهِمْ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “For them to worship Me-azwj and they should not be associating anything with Me-azwj, and believe in My-azwj Rasools-as and follow them-as”. Adam-as said: ‘How come I-as see some of the particles to be greater than some, and some of them have little light for them, and some of them, there isn’t any light for them?’ Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “And like that I-azwj have Created them to Test them in all of their states”.
قَالَ آدَمُ ع يَا رَبِّ فَتَأْذَنُ لِي فِي الْكَلَامِ فَأَتَكَلَّمَ قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ تَكَلَّمْ فَإِنَّ رُوحَكَ مِنْ رُوحِي وَ طَبِيعَتَكَ مِنْ خِلَافِ كَيْنُونَتِي
Adam-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Could You-azwj Permit me-as regarding the speech so I-as can speak?’ Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Said: “Speak, for your-as spirit is from My-azwj Spirit, and your-as clay is from opposite of My-azwj Being”.
قَالَ آدَمُ يَا رَبِّ لَوْ كُنْتَ خَلَقْتَهُمْ عَلَى مِثَالٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ قَدْرٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ طَبِيعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ جِبِلَّةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ أَلْوَانٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ أَعْمَارٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ أَرْزَاقٍ سَوَاءٍ لَمْ يَبْغِ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَهُمْ تَحَاسُدٌ وَ لَا تَبَاغُضٌ وَ لَا اخْتِلَافٌ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْأَشْيَاءِ
Adam-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! If You-azwj had Created them upon one similarity, and one measurement, and one nature, and one disposition, and one colour, and one life-span, and same sustenance(s), they would not rebel against each other, and there would not happen between them any envy nor hatred nor differing regarding anything from the things’.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ يَا آدَمُ بِرُوحِي نَطَقْتَ وَ بِضَعْفِ طَبْعِكَ تَكَلَّفْتَ مَا لَا عِلْمَ لَكَ بِهِ وَ أَنَا اللَّهُ الْخَلَّاقُ الْعَلِيمُ بِعِلْمِي خَالَفْتُ بَيْنَ خَلْقِهِمْ وَ بِمَشِيَّتِي أُمْضِي فِيهِمْ أَمْرِي وَ إِلَى تَدْبِيرِي وَ تَقْدِيرِي هُمْ صَائِرُونَ لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِخَلْقِي
Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Said: “O Adam-as! By My-azwj Spirit you-as spoke, and by the weakness of your-as nature you-as encumbered yourself what there is no knowledge for you with it, and I-azwj am Allah-azwj, the All-Knowing Creator. By My-azwj Knowledge I-azwj Differentiated between their creations, and by My-azwj Desire I-azwj Accomplished My-azwj Command among them, and they are coming to My-azwj Arrangement and My-azwj Destiny. There would be no replacement to My-azwj creation.
وَ إِنَّمَا خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَ الْإِنْسَ لِيَعْبُدُونِي وَ خَلَقْتُ الْجَنَّةَ لِمَنْ عَبَدَنِي وَ أَطَاعَنِي مِنْهُمْ وَ اتَّبَعَ رُسُلِي وَ لَا أُبَالِي وَ خَلَقْتُ النَّارَ لِمَنْ كَفَرَ بِي وَ عَصَانِي وَ لَمْ يَتَّبِعْ رُسُلِي وَ لَا أُبَالِي
And rather, I-azwj Created the Jinn and the humans to worship Me-azwj, and I-azwj Created the Paradise for ones from them who worship Me-azwj and Obey Me-azwj, and follow My-azwj Rasools-as, and I-azwj do not Mind, and I-azwj Created the Fire for the ones who commit Kufr with Me-azwj, and disobey Me-azwj and do not follow My-azwj Rasools-as, and I-azwj don’t Mind.
وَ خَلَقْتُكَ وَ خَلَقْتُ ذُرِّيَّتَكَ مِنْ غَيْرِ فَاقَةٍ بِي إِلَيْكَ وَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ إِنَّمَا خَلَقْتُكَ وَ خَلَقْتُهُمْ لِأَبْلُوَكَ وَ أَبْلُوَهُمْ أَيُّكُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًا فِي دَارِ الدُّنْيَا فِي حَيَاتِكُمْ وَ قَبْلَ مَمَاتِكُمْ
And I-azwj Created you-as and Created your-as offspring from without there being any need with Me-azwj to you-as and to them. And rather, I-azwj Created you-as and Created them to Test you-as and Test them, which ones of you are best of deeds in the house of the world, during your lifetimes and before your deaths.
وَ كَذَلِكَ خَلَقْتُ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةَ وَ الْحَيَاةَ وَ الْمَوْتَ وَ الطَّاعَةَ وَ الْمَعْصِيَةَ وَ الْجَنَّةَ وَ النَّارَ وَ كَذَلِكَ أَرَدْتُ فِي تَقْدِيرِي وَ تَدْبِيرِي وَ بِعِلْمِيَ النَّافِذِ فِيهِمْ خَالَفْتُ بَيْنَ صُوَرِهِمْ وَ أَجْسَامِهِمْ وَ أَلْوَانِهِمْ وَ أَعْمَارِهِمْ وَ أَرْزَاقِهِمْ وَ طَاعَتِهِمْ وَ مَعْصِيَتِهِمْ
And like that, I-azwj Created the world and the Hereafter, and the life and the death, and the obedience and the disobedience, and the Paradise and the Fire. And like that, I-azwj Wanted in My-azwj Determination, and My-azwj Management, and with My-azwj Knowledge, that Implementation among them the differences between their images and their bodies, and their colours, and their life-spans, and their sustenance(s), and their (acts of) obedience(s), and their (acts of) disobediences.
فَجَعَلْتُ مِنْهُمُ السَّعِيدَ وَ الشَّقِيَّ وَ الْبَصِيرَ وَ الْأَعْمَى وَ الْقَصِيرَ وَ الطَّوِيلَ وَ الْجَمِيلَ وَ الذَّمِيمَ وَ الْعَالِمَ وَ الْجَاهِلَ وَ الْغَنِيَّ وَ الْفَقِيرَ وَ الْمُطِيعَ وَ الْعَاصِيَ وَ الصَّحِيحَ وَ السَّقِيمَ وَ مَنْ بِهِ الزَّمَانَةُ وَ مَنْ لَا عَاهَةَ بِهِ
I-azwj Made from them, the fortunate and the wretched, and the seeing and the blind, and the short and the long, and the beautiful and the obnoxious, and the knowledgeable and the ignorant, and the rich and the poor, and the obedient and the disobedient, and the healthy and the sick, and one with disability and one with no disability with him.
فَيَنْظُرُ الصَّحِيحُ إِلَى الَّذِي بِهِ الْعَاهَةُ فَيَحْمَدُنِي عَلَى عَافِيَتِهِ وَ يَنْظُرُ الَّذِي بِهِ الْعَاهَةُ إِلَى الصَّحِيحِ فَيَدْعُونِي وَ يَسْأَلُنِي أَنْ أُعَافِيَهُ وَ يَصْبِرُ عَلَى بَلَائِهِ فَأُثِيبُهُ جَزِيلَ عَطَائِي
The healthy would look at the one with the disability and he would praise Me-azwj upon his well-being, and one who is with the disability would look at the healthy and would supplicate to me and ask Me-azwj to Make him healthy and be patient would My-azwj Affliction, thus be rewarded with the plentiful of My-azwj Awards.
وَ يَنْظُرُ الْغَنِيُّ إِلَى الْفَقِيرِ فَيَحْمَدُنِي وَ يَشْكُرُنِي وَ يَنْظُرُ الْفَقِيرُ إِلَى الْغَنِيِّ فَيَدْعُونِي وَ يَسْأَلُنِي وَ يَنْظُرُ الْمُؤْمِنُ إِلَى الْكَافِرِ فَيَحْمَدُنِي عَلَى مَا هَدَيْتُهُ
And the rich would look at the poor and he would praise Me-azwj and thank Me-azwj, and the poor would look at the rich and he would Supplicate to Me-azwj and ask Me-azwj. And, the Momin would look at the Kafir and he would praise Me-azwj upon his being Guided.
فَلِذَلِكَ خَلَقْتُهُمْ لِأَبْلُوَهُمْ فِي السَّرَّاءِ وَ الضَّرَّاءِ وَ فِيمَا عَافَيْتُهُمْ وَ فِيمَا ابْتَلَيْتُهُمْ وَ فِيمَا أَعْطَيْتُهُمْ وَ فِيمَا أَمْنَعُهُمْ وَ أَنَا اللَّهُ الْمَلِكُ الْقَادِرُ وَ لِي أَنْ أُمْضِيَ جَمِيعَ مَا قَدَّرْتُ عَلَى مَا دَبَّرْتُ
Therefore, due to that, I-azwj Created them to Test them during the good and the bad, and regarding what I-azwj Gave them health and regarding what I-azwj Afflicted them, and regarding what I-azwj Gave them, and regarding what I-azwj Prevented them, and I-azwj am Allah-azwj, the King, the Able, and for Me-azwj is that I-azwj Accomplish the entirety of what I-azwj Determined upon what I-azwj Managed.
وَ إِلَى أَنْ أُغَيِّرَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ مَا شِئْتُ إِلَى مَا شِئْتُ فَأُقَدِّمَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا أَخَّرْتُ وَ أُؤَخِّرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا قَدَّمْتُ وَ أَنَا اللَّهُ الْفَعَّالُ لِمَا أُرِيدُ لَا أُسْأَلُ عَمَّا أَفْعَلُ وَ أَنَا أَسْأَلُ خَلْقِي عَمَّا هُمْ فَاعِلُونَ
And to Me-azwj is that I-azwj Change from that whatever I-azwj Desire to whatever I-azwj Desire, and Bring forward from that what I-azwj had Delayed, and Delay from that what I-azwj had Brought forward. And I-azwj am Allah-azwj, the Doer of whatever I-azwj Want. I-azwj will not be questioned about what I-azwj Do, and I-azwj will Questioned My-azwj creatures about what they are doing”’.[86]
6- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ السَّيَّارِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ اللَّيْثِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْبَاقِرِ ع يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِ الْمُسْتَبْصِرِ إِذَا بَلَغَ فِي الْمَعْرِفَةِ وَ كَمَلَ هَلْ يَزْنِي قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ لَا
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad al Sayyari, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Mihran Al Kufy, from Hanan Bin Sadeyr, from his father, from Abu Is’haq Al Laysi who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws Bin Ali Al-Baqir-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Inform me about the Momin, the insightful one, when he matures regarding the recognition and perfects, would he commit adultery?’ He-asws said: ‘O Allah-azwj, No!’
قُلْتُ فَيَلُوطُ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ لَا قُلْتُ فَيَسْرِقُ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَيَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَيَأْتِي بِكَبِيرَةٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْكَبَائِرِ أَوْ فَاحِشَةٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْفَوَاحِشِ قَالَ لَا
I said, ‘Do he commit sodomy?’ He-asws said: ‘O Allah-azwj, No!’ I said, ‘Would he steal?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘Would he drink the wine?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘Would he come with a major sin from these major sins, or an immorality from these immoralities?’ He-asws said: ‘No’.
قُلْتُ فَيُذْنِبُ ذَنْباً قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ مُذْنِبٌ مُسْلِمٌ قُلْتُ مَا مَعْنَى مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ الْمُسْلِمُ بِالذَّنْبِ لَا يَلْزَمُهُ وَ لَا يَصِيرُ [يُصِرُّ] عَلَيْهِ
I said, ‘Would he commit any sin?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, and he is a Momin, a sinner, a submitter’. I said, ‘What is the meaning of ‘submitter’?’ He-asws said: ‘The submitter with the sin, neither holding it nor (deliberately) persisting upon it’.
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَا أَعْجَبَ هَذَا لَا يَزْنِي وَ لَا يَلُوطُ وَ لَا يَسْرِقُ وَ لَا يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ وَ لَا يَأْتِي كَبِيرَةً مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ وَ لَا فَاحِشَةً
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! How strange is this! He neither commits adultery, nor sodomy, nor steals, nor drinks the wine, nor come to a major sin from the major sins, nor immoralities?’
فَقَالَ لَا عَجَبَ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ يَفْعَلُ ما يَشاءُ وَ لا يُسْئَلُ عَمَّا يَفْعَلُ وَ هُمْ يُسْئَلُونَ فَمِمَّ عَجِبْتَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ سَلْ وَ لَا تَسْتَنْكِفْ وَ لَا تَسْتَحْسِرْ فَإِنَّ هَذَا الْعِلْمَ لَا يَتَعَلَّمُهُ مُسْتَكْبِرٌ وَ لَا مُسْتَحْسِرٌ
He-asws said: ‘Do not be astounded from a Command of Allah-azwj, that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Does whatever He-azwj Desires to, and He cannot be questioned about what He Does, and they would be Questioned [21:23], so from what are you being astounded, O Ibrahim? Ask, and neither should you be averse nor be embarrassed, for this knowledge cannot be learned by one who is averse nor by an embarrassed one’.
قُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَجِدُ مِنْ شِيعَتِكُمْ مَنْ يَشْرَبُ وَ يَقْطَعُ الطَّرِيقَ وَ يَحِيفُ السَّبِيلَ وَ يَزْنِي وَ يَلُوطُ وَ يَأْكُلُ الرِّبَا وَ يَرْتَكِبُ الْفَوَاحِشَ وَ يَتَهَاوَنُ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَ الصِّيَامِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ يَقْطَعُ الرَّحِمَ وَ يَأْتِي الْكَبَائِرَ فَكَيْفَ هَذَا وَ لِمَ ذَاكَ
I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! I find from your-asws Shias, one who drinks (wine), and cuts off the road (bandit), and being unjust in the way, and committing adultery, and sodomy, and consuming the usury, and indulging in the immoralities, and taking it easy with the Salat and the Fast and the Zakat, and cuts-off the relationships, and commits the major sins. How is this (happening)? And why is that (happening)?’
فَقَالَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ هَلْ يَخْتَلِجُ فِي صَدْرِكَ شَيْءٌ غَيْرُ هَذَا قُلْتُ نَعَمْ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُخْرَى أَعْظَمُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ وَ مَا هُوَ يَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ
He-asws said: ‘O Ibrahim! Is there anything in your chest bothering you, apart from this?’ I said, ‘Yes, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! The other one is more grievous than that’. He-asws said: ‘And what is it, O Abu Is’haq?’
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ أَجِدُ مِنْ أَعْدَائِكُمْ وَ مُنَاصِبِيكُمْ مَنْ يُكْثِرُ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ مِنَ الصِّيَامِ وَ يُخْرِجُ الزَّكَاةَ وَ يُتَابِعُ بَيْنَ الْحَجِّ وَ الْعُمْرَةِ وَ يَحُضُّ عَلَى الْجِهَادِ وَ يَأْثَرُ عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَ عَلَى صِلَةِ الْأَرْحَامِ وَ يَقْضِي حُقُوقَ إِخْوَانِهِ وَ يُوَاسِيهِمْ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَ يَتَجَنَّبُ شُرْبَ الْخَمْرِ وَ الزِّنَا وَ اللِّوَاطَ وَ سَائِرَ الْفَوَاحِشِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! And I find from your-asws enemies and ones hostile to you-asws ones who frequent from the Salat, and from the Fasts, and takes out the Zakat, and follows up between the Hajj and the Umrah, and prompts upon the Jihad, and prefers upon the righteous deeds and upon helping the relatives, and he fulfils the rights of his brethren, and helps them from his wealth, and shuns drinking the wine, and the adultery, and the sodomy, and the rest of the immoralities.
فَمِمَّ ذَاكَ وَ لِمَ ذَاكَ فَسِّرْهُ لِي يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ بَرْهِنْهُ وَ بَيِّنْهُ فَقَدْ وَ اللَّهِ كَثُرَ فِكْرِي وَ أَسْهَرَ لَيْلِي وَ ضَاقَ ذَرْعِي
From what is that? And why is that so? Interpret if for me, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, and its proof, and explain it, for, by Allah-azwj, my worries have become numerous, and I keep awake during my nights, and my chest is constricted!’
قَالَ فَتَبَسَّمَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ خُذْ إِلَيْكَ بَيَاناً شَافِياً فِيمَا سَأَلْتَ وَ عِلْماً مَكْنُوناً مِنْ خَزَائِنِ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ وَ سِرِّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ كَيْفَ تَجِدُ اعْتِقَادَهُمَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws smiled, then said: ‘O Ibrahim! Take to yourself a healing explanation regarding what you asked, and a hidden knowledge from the Treasures of the Knowledge of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Secret. Inform me, O Ibrahim, how do you find both their beliefs to be?’
قُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَجِدُ مُحِبِّيكُمْ وَ شِيعَتَكُمْ عَلَى مَا هُمْ فِيهِ مِمَّا وَصَفْتُهُ مِنْ أَفْعَالِهِمْ لَوْ أُعْطِيَ أَحَدُهُمْ مِمَّا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ ذَهَباً وَ فِضَّةً أَنْ يَزُولَ عَنْ وَلَايَتِكُمْ وَ مَحَبَّتِكُمْ إِلَى مُوَالاةِ غَيْرِكُمْ وَ إِلَى مَحَبَّتِهِمْ مَا زَالَ وَ لَوْ ضُرِبَتْ خَيَاشِيمُهُ بِالسُّيُوفِ فِيكُمْ وَ لَوْ قُتِلَ فِيكُمْ مَا ارْتَدَعَ وَ لَا رَجَعَ عَنْ مَحَبَّتِكُمْ وَ وَلَايَتِكُمْ
I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! I find the ones who love you-asws and your-asws Shias upon what they are indulging in, from what I described of their deeds, if one of them were to be give from what is between the east and the west in gold and silver, that he declines from your-asws Wilayah and your-asws love to the friendship of others and to their love, he would not decline, and even if their noses were to be struck with the swords regarding you-asws, and even if they are killed regarding you-asws, they will not renege nor return from your-asws love and your-asws Wilayah.
وَ أَرَى النَّاصِبَ عَلَى مَا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ مِمَّا وَصَفْتُهُ مِنْ أَفْعَالِهِمْ لَوْ أُعْطِيَ أَحَدُهُمْ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ ذَهَباً وَ فِضَّةً أَنْ يَزُولَ عَنْ مَحَبَّةِ الطَّوَاغِيتِ وَ مُوَالاتِهِمْ إِلَى مُوَالاتِكُمْ مَا فَعَلَ وَ لَا زَالَ وَ لَوْ ضُرِبَتْ خَيَاشِيمُهُ بِالسُّيُوفِ فِيهِمْ وَ لَوْ قُتِلَ فِيهِمْ مَا ارْتَدَعَ وَ لَا رَجَعَ
And I see the Nasibi upon what he is upon it, from what I described of their deeds, if one of them were to be given what is between the east and the west in gold and silver that he declines from the love of the tyrants and their friends to your-asws Wilayah, he would not do it nor would he decline, and even if his nose was struck with the swords regarding them, and even if he is killed regarding them, he would not renege nor return.
وَ إِذَا سَمِعَ أَحَدُهُمْ مَنْقَبَةً لَكُمْ وَ فَضْلًا اشْمَأَزَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ تَغَيَّرَ لَوْنُهُ وَ رُئِيَ كَرَاهِيَةُ ذَلِكَ فِي وَجْهِهِ بُغْضاً لَكُمْ وَ مَحَبَّةً لَهُمْ
And when one of them hears a laudation for you-asws and merits, he constricts from that and his colour changes, and that abhorrence is seen in his face, out of hatred for you-asws and love for them’.
قَالَ فَتَبَسَّمَ الْبَاقِرُ ع ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ هَاهُنَا هَلَكَتِ الْعَامِلَةُ النَّاصِبَةُ تَصْلى ناراً حامِيَةً تُسْقى مِنْ عَيْنٍ آنِيَةٍ وَ مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ قَدِمْنا إِلى ما عَمِلُوا مِنْ عَمَلٍ فَجَعَلْناهُ هَباءً مَنْثُوراً
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Baqir-asws smiled then said: ‘O Ibrahim! Over here the general Muslims, are destroyed: (Of the) toiling Nasibis (Hostile ones) [88:3] Arriving to a scorching Fire [88:4], and for that reason the Mighty and Majestic Said: And We will proceed to what they have done of a deed, so We shall Make it as scattered floating dust [25:23].
وَيْحَكَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ أَ تَدْرِي مَا السَّبَبُ وَ الْقِصَّةُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ مَا الَّذِي قَدْ خَفِيَ عَلَى النَّاسِ مِنْهُ قُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَبَيِّنْهُ لِي وَ اشْرَحْهُ وَ بَرْهِنْهُ
Be warned, O Ibrahim! Do you know what is the cause and the story regarding that? And what is that which has been hidden upon the people from it?’ I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Explain it for me and expound it and prove it’.
قَالَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَزَلْ عَالِماً قَدِيماً خَلَقَ الْأَشْيَاءَ لَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ وَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ الْأَشْيَاءَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ لِأَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ الشَّيْءُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ مِنْهُ الْأَشْيَاءَ قَدِيماً مَعَهُ فِي أَزَلِيَّتِهِ وَ هُوِيَّتِهِ كَانَ ذَلِكَ أَزَلِيّاً بَلْ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْأَشْيَاءَ كُلَّهَا لَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ
He-asws said: ‘O Ibrahim! Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted did not cease to be a Knower, Ancient. He-azwj Created the things, not from a thing. And one who claims that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created the things from a thing has committed Kufr because if that thing which He-azwj Created the things from it was Ancient along with Him-azwj in His-azwj eternality and His-azwj Existence, that would have been eternal. But, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created the things, all of them, not from a thing.
فَكَانَ مِمَّا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَرْضاً طَيِّبَةً ثُمَّ فَجَّرَ مِنْهَا مَاءً عَذْباً زُلَالًا فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهَا وَلَايَتَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فَقَبِلَتْهَا فَأَجْرَى ذَلِكَ الْمَاءَ عَلَيْهَا سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ حَتَّى طَبَّقَهَا وَ عَمَّهَا ثُمَّ نَضَبَ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءَ عَنْهَا وَ أَخَذَ مِنْ صَفْوَةِ ذَلِكَ الطِّينِ طِيناً فَجَعَلَهُ طِينَ الْأَئِمَّةِ ع ثُمَّ أَخَذَ ثُفْلَ ذَلِكَ الطِّينِ فَخَلَقَ مِنْهُ شِيعَتَنَا
From what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created was good land, then Burst the waters from it, fresh, clear. Then He-azwj Presented our-asws Wilayah, of the People-asws of the Household, and it accepted it. The water flowed upon it for seven days until it was layered and spread. Then He-azwj Drained the water from it, and Took from the clean of that clay and Made it to be the clay of the Imams-asws. Then He-azwj Took the sediment of that clay and Created our-asws Shias from it.
وَ لَوْ تَرَكَ طِينَتَكُمْ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَى حَالِهِ كَمَا تَرَكَ طِينَتَنَا لَكُنْتُمْ وَ نَحْنُ شَيْئاً وَاحِداً
And if your clay had been left, O Ibrahim, upon its state just as our-asws clay was left, you and us would have been one thing’.
قُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَمَا فَعَلَ بِطِينَتِنَا
I said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What did He-azwj Do with our clay?’
قَالَ أُخْبِرُكَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَرْضاً سَبِخَةً خَبِيثَةً مُنْتِنَةً ثُمَّ فَجَّرَ مِنْهَا مَاءً أُجَاجاً آسِناً مَالِحاً فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهَا وَلَايَتَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ لَمْ تَقْبَلْهَا فَأَجْرَى ذَلِكَ الْمَاءَ عَلَيْهَا سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ حَتَّى طَبَّقَهَا وَ عَمَّهَا ثُمَّ نَضَبَ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءُ عَنْهَا ثُمَّ أَخَذَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الطِّينِ فَخَلَقَ مِنْهُ الطُّغَاةَ وَ أَئِمَّتَهُمْ
He-asws said: ‘I-asws shall inform you, O Ibrahim! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created after that, a swampy malignant smelly land. Then He-azwj Burst water from it, bitter, stale, salty. Then He-azwj Presented our-asws Wilayah, of the People-asws of the Household upon it, and it did not accept it. The water flowed upon it for seven days until it layered and spread. Then He-azwj Withdrew that water from it, then Took from that clay and Created from it the tyrants, and their leaders.
ثُمَّ مَزَجَهُ بِثُفْلِ طِينَتِكُمْ وَ لَوْ تَرَكَ طِينَتَهُمْ عَلَى حَالِهِ وَ لَمْ يَمْزُجْ بِطِينَتِكُمْ لَمْ يَشْهَدُوا الشَّهَادَتَيْنِ وَ لَا صَلَّوْا وَ لَا صَامُوا وَ لَا زَكَّوْا وَ لَا حَجُّوا وَ لَا أَدَّوْا أَمَانَةً وَ لَا أَشْبَهُوكُمْ فِي الصُّوَرِ وَ لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ أَكْبَرَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ مِنْ أَنْ يَرَى صُورَةَ عَدُوِّهِ مِثْلَ صُورَتِهِ
Then He-azwj Mixed it with the sediment of your clay, and had their clay been left upon its state and not been mixed with your clay, they would have neither testified the two testimonies, nor prayed Salat, nor Fasted, nor given Zakat, nor performed Hajj, nor paid back the entrustments, nor resembled you regarding the faces, and there is nothing more grievous upon the Momin than his seeing the face of his enemy resembling his face’.
قُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَمَا صَنَعَ بِالطِّينَتَيْنِ
I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! What was Done with the two clays?’
قَالَ مَزَجَ بَيْنَهُمَا بِالْمَاءِ الْأَوَّلِ وَ الْمَاءِ الثَّانِي ثُمَّ عَرَكَهَا عَرْكَ الْأَدِيمِ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَبْضَةً فَقَالَ هَذِهِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَ لَا أُبَالِي وَ أَخَذَ قَبْضَةً أُخْرَى وَ قَالَ هَذِهِ إِلَى النَّارِ وَ لَا أُبَالِي
He-asws said: ‘There was a mixing between the two with the first water and the second water, then He-azwj Scrubbed these scrubbing of the crusts, then He-azwj Took a Handful from that and He-azwj Said: “These are to the Paradise and I-azwj do not Mind!” Then He-azwj Took another Handful and Said: “These are to the Fire and I-azwj don’t Mind!”
ثُمَّ خَلَطَ بَيْنَهُمَا فَوَقَعَ مِنْ سِنْخِ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ طِينَتِهِ عَلَى سِنْخِ الْكَافِرِ وَ طِينَتِهِ وَ وَقَعَ مِنْ سِنْخِ الْكَافِرِ وَ طِينَتِهِ عَلَى سِنْخِ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ طِينَتِهِ فَمَا رَأَيْتَهُ مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا مِنْ زِنًا أَوْ لِوَاطٍ أَوْ تَرْكِ صَلَاةٍ أَوْ صِيَامٍ أَوْ حَجٍّ أَوْ جِهَادٍ أَوْ خِيَانَةٍ أَوْ كَبِيرَةٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْكَبَائِرِ فَهُوَ مِنْ طِينَةِ النَّاصِبِ وَ عُنْصُرِهِ الَّذِي قَدْ مُزِجَ فِيهِ لِأَنَّ مِنْ سِنْخِ النَّاصِبِ وَ عُنْصُرِهِ وَ طِينَتِهِ اكْتِسَابَ الْمَآثِمِ وَ الْفَوَاحِشِ وَ الْكَبَائِرِ
Then He-azwj Mixed between the two. Therefore, from the origin of the Momin and his clay fell upon the origin of the Kafir and his clay, and from the origin of the Kafir and his clay fell upon the origin of the Momin and his clay. Therefore, what you see from our-asws Shias one who commits adultery, or sodomy, or leaves the Salat, or Fasts, or Hajj, or Jihad, or betrayal, or a major sin from these major sins, so it is from the clay of the Nasibi (Hostile one) and his origin which had been mixed into it, because from the origin of the Nasibi (Hostile one) and his clay is the earning of the sins and the immoralities and the major sins.
وَ مَا رَأَيْتَ مِنَ النَّاصِبِ وَ مُوَاظَبَتِهِ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَ الصِّيَامِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ الْحَجِّ وَ الْجِهَادِ وَ أَبْوَابِ الْبِرِّ فَهُوَ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ سِنْخِهِ الَّذِي قَدْ مُزِجَ فِيهِ لِأَنَّ مِنْ سِنْخِ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ عُنْصُرِهِ وَ طِينَتِهِ اكْتِسَابَ الْحَسَنَاتِ وَ اسْتِعْمَالَ الْخَيْرِ وَ اجْتِنَابَ الْمَآثِمِ
And what you see from the Nasibi (Hostile one) and his perseverance upon the Salat, and the Fasts, and the Zakat, and the Hajj, and the Jihad, and the doors of the goodness, so it is from the clay of the Momin and his origin which had been mixed up into it, because from the origin of the Momin and his clay is the earning of the good deeds, and utilisation of the good, and shunning of the sins.
فَإِذَا عُرِضَتْ هَذِهِ الْأَعْمَالُ كُلُّهَا عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ أَنَا عَدْلٌ لَا أَجُورُ وَ مُنْصِفٌ لَا أَظْلِمُ وَ حَكَمٌ لَا أَحِيفُ وَ لَا أَمِيلُ وَ لَا أَشْطُطُ أَلْحِقُوا الْأَعْمَالَ السَّيِّئَةَ الَّتِي اجْتَرَحَهَا الْمُؤْمِنُ بِسِنْخِ النَّاصِبِ وَ طِينَتِهِ وَ أَلْحِقُوا الْأَعْمَالَ الْحَسَنَةَ الَّتِي اكْتَسَبَهَا النَّاصِبُ بِسِنْخِ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ طِينَتِهِ رُدُّوهَا كُلَّهَا إِلَى أَصْلِهَا
When all these deeds are presented to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, He-azwj Says: “I-azwj am Just, not a tyrant, and Fair, not being unjust, and Wise, neither prejudicial nor Inclined, nor would I-azwj Transgress. I-azwj shall Attach the evil deeds which the Momin committed with the origin of the Nasibi (Hostile one) and his clay, and I-azwj shall Attach the good deeds which the Nasibi (Hostile one) has attained with the origin of the Momin and his clay, Returning all these to their origins.
فَإِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا عَالِمُ السِّرِّ وَ أَخْفَى وَ أَنَا الْمُطَّلِعُ عَلَى قُلُوبِ عِبَادِي لَا أَحِيفُ وَ لَا أَظْلِمُ وَ لَا أَلْزِمُ أَحَداً إِلَّا مَا عَرَفْتُهُ مِنْهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَخْلُقَهُ
Surely, I-azwj am Allah-azwj! There is no god except Me-azwj, Knower of the secrets and the hidden, and I-azwj am the One-azwj Notified upon the hearts of My-azwj servants. I-azwj will neither oppress, nor be unjust, nor force anyone except what I-azwj recognised from him before I-azwj even Created him’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ ع يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ اقْرَأْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ قُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَيَّةَ آيَةٍ قَالَ قَوْلَهُ تَعَالَى قالَ مَعاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ إِلَّا مَنْ وَجَدْنا مَتاعَنا عِنْدَهُ إِنَّا إِذاً لَظالِمُونَ هُوَ فِي الظَّاهِرِ مَا تَفْهَمُونَهُ وَ هُوَ وَ اللَّهِ فِي الْبَاطِنِ هَذَا بِعَيْنِهِ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ إِنَّ لِلْقُرْآنِ ظَاهِراً وَ بَاطِناً وَ مُحْكَماً وَ مُتَشَابِهاً وَ نَاسِخاً وَ مَنْسُوخاً
Then Al-Baqir-asws said: ‘O Ibrahim! Recite this Verse’. I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, which Verse?’ He-asws said: ‘The Words of the Exalted: He said: ‘Allah Forbid that we should take except for the one in whose possession we found our belongings, or else we would be from the unjust ones’ [12:79]. In the apparent, it is what you understand it, and it is, by Allah-azwj, in the hidden, this is exactly it. O Ibrahim! For the Quran there is an apparent and a hidden, a Decisive and an Allegorical, an Abrogating and an Abrogated’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَنِ الشَّمْسِ إِذَا طَلَعَتْ وَ بَدَا شُعَاعُهَا فِي الْبُلْدَانِ أَ هُوَ بَائِنٌ مِنَ الْقُرْصِ قُلْتُ فِي حَالِ طُلُوعِهِ بَائِنٌ قَالَ أَ لَيْسَ إِذَا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ اتَّصَلَ ذَلِكَ الشُّعَاعُ بِالْقُرْصِ حَتَّى يَعُودَ إِلَيْهِ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ كَذَلِكَ يَعُودُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ إِلَى سِنْخِهِ وَ جَوْهَرِهِ وَ أَصْلِهِ
Then he-asws said: ‘Inform me, O Ibrahim, about the sun when it emerges and its rays appear in the cities, is it noticeable from the disc?’ I said, ‘In the state of its emergence, it is noticeable’. He-asws said: ‘When the sun sets doe those rays connect with the disc until they return to it?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘Like that, every thing would return to its origin, and its essence, and its root.
فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ نَزَعَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سِنْخَ النَّاصِبِ وَ طِينَتَهُ مَعَ أَثْقَالِهِ وَ أَوْزَارِهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَيُلْحِقُهَا كُلَّهَا بِالنَّاصِبِ وَ يَنْزِعُ سِنْخَ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ طِينَتَهُ مَعَ حَسَنَاتِهِ وَ أَبْوَابِ بِرِّهِ وَ اجْتِهَادِهِ مِنَ النَّاصِبِ فَيُلْحِقُهَا كُلَّهَا بِالْمُؤْمِنِ
When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Snatch the origin of the Nasibi (Hostile one) and his clay along with his weight and his burden (sins) away from the Momin, and Attach all of these with the Nasibi (Hostile one); and He-azwj would Snatch the origin of the Momin and his clay along with its good deeds and the doors of his righteousness, and his struggle, away from the Nasibi (Hostile one), and Attach all these with the Momin.
أَ فَتَرَى هَاهُنَا ظُلْماً وَ عُدْوَاناً قُلْتُ لَا يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَالَ هَذَا وَ اللَّهِ الْقَضَاءُ الْفَاصِلُ وَ الْحُكْمُ الْقَاطِعُ وَ الْعَدْلُ الْبَيِّنُ لا يُسْئَلُ عَمَّا يَفْعَلُ وَ هُمْ يُسْئَلُونَ هَذَا يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكَ فَلا تَكُنْ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِينَ هَذَا مِنْ حُكْمِ الْمَلَكُوتِ
Do you see over here any injustice and tyranny?’ I said, ‘No, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-azwj’. He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! This is the Decisive Ordainment, and the cutting Judgment, and the clear Justice. He-azwj will not be questioned about what He-azwj does and they will be questioned. This, O Ibrahim, is the Truth from your Lord-azwj, therefore do not become suspicious of this from the Judgment of the Kingdoms’.
قُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ مَا حُكْمُ الْمَلَكُوتِ قَالَ حُكْمُ اللَّهِ وَ حُكْمُ أَنْبِيَائِهِ وَ قِصَّةُ الْخَضِرِ وَ مُوسَى ع حِينَ اسْتَصْحَبَهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْراً وَ كَيْفَ تَصْبِرُ عَلى ما لَمْ تُحِطْ بِهِ خُبْراً
I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! And what is the Judgment of the Kingdoms?’ He-asws said: ‘Judgment of Allah-azwj and judgment of His-azwj Prophets-as, and story of Al Khizr-as, and Musa-as when he-as accompanied him-as and he-as said: He said: ‘You will never be able on being patient with me [18:67] And how can you have patience upon what news you have not been narrated with?’ [18:68].
افْهَمْ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَ اعْقِلْ أَنْكَرَ مُوسَى عَلَى الْخَضِرِ وَ اسْتَفْظَعَ أَفْعَالَهُ حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُ الْخَضِرُ يَا مُوسَى مَا فَعَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَمْرِي إِنَّمَا فَعَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
Understand, O Ibrahim and use your intellect! Musa-as denied upon Al-Khizr-as and disapproval of his-as deeds until Al-Khizr-as said to him-as: ‘O Musa-as! I-as did not do from my accord, but rather I-as did it from the Command of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
مَنْ هَذَا وَيْحَكَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ قُرْآنٌ يُتْلَى وَ أَخْبَارٌ تُؤْثَرُ عَنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَنْ رَدَّ مِنْهَا حَرْفاً فَقَدْ كَفَرَ وَ أَشْرَكَ وَ رَدَّ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
From this – and be warned O Ibrahim – Quran is recited and Ahadeeth are a Favour (preference) from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. One who rejects a letter from these, so he has committed Kufr and Shirk, and has rebutted upon Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.
قَالَ اللَّيْثِيُّ فَكَأَنِّي لَمْ أَعْقِلِ الْآيَاتِ وَ أَنَا أَقْرَؤُهَا أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً إِلَّا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ فَقُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مَا أَعْجَبَ هَذَا تُؤْخَذُ حَسَنَاتُ أَعْدَائِكُمْ فَتُرَدُّ عَلَى شِيعَتِكُمْ وَ تُؤْخَذُ سَيِّئَاتُ مُحِبِّيكُمْ فَتُرَدُّ عَلَى مُبْغِضِيكُمْ
Al-Laysi (the narrator) said, ‘It was as if I did not understand the Verses although I had recited these for forty years, until that day. I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! How strange is this! Taking the good deeds from your-asws enemies and returning it upon your-asws Shias, and taking the evil deeds of the ones who love you-asws and returning them upon the ones who hate you-asws?’
قَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ فَالِقِ الْحَبَّةِ وَ بَارِئِ النَّسَمَةِ وَ فَاطِرِ الْأَرْضِ وَ السَّمَاءِ مَا أَخْبَرْتُكَ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَ مَا أَتَيْتُكَ إِلَّا بِالصِّدْقِ وَ ما ظَلَمَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَ مَا اللَّهُ بِظَلَّامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ وَ إِنَّ مَا أَخْبَرْتُكَ لَمَوْجُودٌ فِي الْقُرْآنِ كُلَّهُ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj! There is no god except He-azwj, Splitter of the seed, and Former of the person, and Originator of the earth and the sky! I-asws did not inform you except with the Truth, and I-asws did not come to you except with the truthfulness, and Allah-azwj is not unjust with them and that Allah is not in the least unjust to the servants [3:182], and that what I-asws informed you is present in the Quran, all of it’.
قُلْتُ هَذَا بِعَيْنِهِ يُوجَدُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ نَعَمْ يُوجَدُ فِي أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَلَاثِينَ مَوْضِعاً فِي الْقُرْآنِ أَ تُحِبُّ أَنْ أَقْرَأَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْكَ قُلْتُ بَلَى يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
I said, ‘This exactly is found in the Quran?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, found in more than thirty places in the Quran. Would you like it if I-asws were to recite these to you?’ I said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
فَقَالَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ قالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّبِعُوا سَبِيلَنا وَ لْنَحْمِلْ خَطاياكُمْ وَ ما هُمْ بِحامِلِينَ مِنْ خَطاياهُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِنَّهُمْ لَكاذِبُونَ وَ لَيَحْمِلُنَّ أَثْقالَهُمْ وَ أَثْقالًا مَعَ أَثْقالِهِمْ الْآيَةَ أَزِيدُكَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ قُلْتُ بَلَى يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And those who commit Kufr say to those who believe, ‘Follow our way and we will bear your sins’. And they will not bear anything from their sins. They are lying! [29:12] And they will bear their own burdens, and (other) burdens along with their own burdens [29:13] – the Verse. Shall I-asws increase for you, O Ibrahim?’ I said, ‘Yes, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ لِيَحْمِلُوا أَوْزارَهُمْ كامِلَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ وَ مِنْ أَوْزارِ الَّذِينَ يُضِلُّونَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ أَلا ساءَ ما يَزِرُونَ أَ تُحِبُّ أَنْ أَزِيدَكَ قُلْتُ بَلَى يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
He-asws said: ‘They would be bearing their burdens entirely on the Day of Qiyamah, and from the burdens of those whom they are straying without knowledge. Indeed! Evil is what they are bearing [16:25]. Would you like me-asws to increase for you?’ I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ فَأُوْلئِكَ يُبَدِّلُ اللَّهُ سَيِّئاتِهِمْ حَسَناتٍ وَ كانَ اللَّهُ غَفُوراً رَحِيماً يُبَدِّلُ اللَّهُ سَيِّئَاتِ شِيعَتِنَا حَسَنَاتٍ وَ يُبَدِّلُ اللَّهُ حَسَنَاتِ أَعْدَائِنَا سَيِّئَاتٍ
He-asws said: ‘Except one who repents, and believes, and does righteous deeds, so those ones, Allah would Replace their evil deeds with good deeds, and Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful [25:70]. Allah-azwj would Replace the evil deeds of our-asws Shias with good deeds, and Allah-azwj would Replace the good deeds of our-asws enemies with evil deeds.
وَ جَلَالِ اللَّهِ وَ وَجْهِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ هَذَا لَمِنْ عَدْلِهِ وَ إِنْصَافِهِ لَا رَادَّ لِقَضَائِهِ وَ لا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكْمِهِ وَ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ أَ لَمْ أُبَيِّنْ لَكَ أَمْرَ الْمِزَاجِ وَ الطِّينَتَيْنِ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ قُلْتُ بَلَى يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
And Majesty of Allah-azwj and the Face of Allah-azwj is that this is from His-azwj Justice and His-azwj Fairness. There is neither a repeller of His-azwj Ordainment nor a pursuer to His-azwj Judgment, and He-azwj is the Hearing, the Knowing. Have I-asws clarified for you the matter of the mixing of the two clays from the Quran?’ I said, ‘Yes, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ اقْرَأْ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ الَّذِينَ يَجْتَنِبُونَ كَبائِرَ الْإِثْمِ وَ الْفَواحِشَ إِلَّا اللَّمَمَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ واسِعُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِكُمْ إِذْ أَنْشَأَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ يَعْنِي مِنَ الْأَرْضِ الطَّيِّبَةِ وَ الْأَرْضِ الْمُنْتِنَةِ فَلا تُزَكُّوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنِ اتَّقى
He-asws said: ‘Recite, O Ibrahim: Those who are shunning the major sins and the immoralities except for the ‘Lamam’, surely your Lord is Capacious of the Forgiveness. He is more Knowing of you when He Produced you from the earth, – meaning from the good earth and the stinky earth – Therefore, do no attribute purity to yourselves, He is more Knowing of the one who fears [53:32].
يَقُولُ لَا يَفْتَخِرْ أَحَدُكُمْ بِكَثْرَةِ صَلَاتِهِ وَ صِيَامِهِ وَ زَكَاتِهِ وَ نُسُكِهِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنِ اتَّقَى مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّمَمِ وَ هُوَ الْمِزَاجُ أَزِيدُكَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ قُلْتُ بَلَى يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
He-azwj is that they none of you should be priding with the frequency of his Salat, and his Fasts, and his Zakat, and his rituals, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is more Knowing with the ones from you who fears. That is from the direction of the ‘Lamam’ and it is the mixing. Shall I increase for you, O Ibrahim?’ I said, ‘Yes, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ كَما بَدَأَكُمْ تَعُودُونَ فَرِيقاً هَدى وَ فَرِيقاً حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الضَّلالَةُ إِنَّهُمُ اتَّخَذُوا الشَّياطِينَ أَوْلِياءَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي أَئِمَّةَ الْجَوْرِ دُونَ أَئِمَّةِ الْحَقِ وَ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ مُهْتَدُونَ
He-asws said: ‘Just as He Originated you all, (so) you would be returning [7:29] A group is Guided and a group, the straying is deserved upon them. They are taking the satans as friends from besides Allah – meaning the tyrannical leaders besides the Imams-asws of the Truth, and are reckoning that they are rightly Guided ones [7:30].
خُذْهَا إِلَيْكَ يَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمِنْ غُرَرِ أَحَادِيثِنَا وَ بَاطِنِ سَرَائِرِنَا وَ مَكْنُونِ خَزَائِنِنَا وَ انْصَرِفْ وَ لَا تُطْلِعْ عَلَى سِرِّنَا أَحَداً إِلَّا مُؤْمِناً مُسْتَبْصِراً فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ أَذَعْتَ سِرَّنَا بُلِيتَ فِي نَفْسِكَ وَ مَالِكَ وَ أَهْلِكَ وَ وُلْدِكَ
Take it to yourself, O Abu Is’haq, for, by Allah-azwj, it is from the dangerous of our-asws Ahadeeth and esoteric of our-asws secrets, and hidden of our-asws treasures, and leave, and do not notify anyone upon our-asws secrets except an insightful Momin, for you, when you broadcast our-asws secrets, you will be Tried regarding yourself, and your wealth, and your family, and your children’’.[87]
7- فس، تفسير القمي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ هذا نَذِيرٌ مِنَ النُّذُرِ الْأُولى قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمَّا ذَرَأَ الْخَلْقَ فِي الذَّرِّ الْأَوَّلِ فَأَقَامَهُمْ صُفُوفاً قُدَّامَهُ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً ص فَآمَنَ بِهِ قَوْمٌ وَ أَنْكَرَهُ قَوْمٌ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ هذا نَذِيرٌ مِنَ النُّذُرِ الْأُولى يَعْنِي بِهِ مُحَمَّداً ص حَيْثُ دَعَاهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي الذَّرِّ الْأَوَّلِ
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – Ali Bin Al Husayn, from Al Barqy, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Ali Bin Asbat, from Ali Bin Mo’mar, from his father who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: This one is a Warner from the former Warners [53:56]. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted did not Leave the creatures in the first (realm of the) particles, and Made them stand in rows in front of him-saww. Allah-azwj Sent Muhammad-saww, and a people believed in him-saww and a people denied, so Allah-azwj Said: This one is a Warner from the former Warners [53:56], meaning by it, Muhammad-saww when he-saww called them to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic in the first (realm of the) particles’’.[88]
8- فس، تفسير القمي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ الصَّحَّافِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الصَّادِقَ ع عَنْ قَوْلِهِ فَمِنْكُمْ كافِرٌ وَ مِنْكُمْ مُؤْمِنٌ فَقَالَ عَرَفَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِيمَانَهُمْ بِوَلَايَتِنَا وَ كُفْرَهُمْ بِتَرْكِهَا يَوْمَ أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمِيثَاقَ وَ هُمْ ذَرٌّ فِي صُلْبِ آدَمَ ع
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – Ali Bin Al Husayn, from Al Barqy, from Ibn Mahboub, from Al Husayn Bin Nuaym Al Sahaf who said,
‘I asked Al-Sadiq-asws about His-azwj Words: so from you is a Kafir and from you is a Momin [64:2], so he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Recognised their Eman by our-asws Wilayah, and their Kufr by their leaving it on the day He-azwj Took the Covenant upon them, and they were particles in the back of Adam-as’’.[89]
9- فس، تفسير القمي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَ أَنْ لَوِ اسْتَقامُوا عَلَى الطَّرِيقَةِ لَأَسْقَيْناهُمْ ماءً غَدَقاً يَعْنِي مَنْ جَرَى فِيهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ شِرْكِ الشَّيْطَانِ عَلَى الطَّرِيقَةِ يَعْنِي عَلَى الْوَلَايَةِ فِي الْأَصْلِ عِنْدَ الْأَظِلَّةِ حِينَ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ مِيثَاقَ بَنِي آدَمَ لَأَسْقَيْناهُمْ ماءً غَدَقاً يَعْنِي لَكِنَّا وَضَعْنَا أَظِلَّتَهُمْ فِي الْمَاءِ الْفُرَاتِ الْعَذْبِ
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Al Qasim Bin Suleyman, from Jabir who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying regarding this Verse: And if they are steadfast upon the right Way, We would Quench them (with) abundant water [72:16]: ‘It means one in whom flowed something from the Shirk of the Satan-la upon the right way, meaning upon the Wilayah in the origin in the (realm of the) shadows when Allah-azwj Took the Covenant of the children of Adam-as We would Quench them (with) abundant water [72:16], meaning we would have placed their shadows into the fresh waters of the Euphrates’’.[90]
10- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَنَا مِنْ أَعْلَى عِلِّيِّينَ وَ خَلَقَ قُلُوبَ شِيعَتِنَا مِمَّا خَلَقَنَا مِنْهُ وَ خَلَقَ أَبْدَانَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِ ذَلِكَ فَقُلُوبُهُمْ تَهْوَى إِلَيْنَا وَ إِنَّهَا خُلِقَتْ مِمَّا خُلِقْنَا مِنْهُ
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – My father, from Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Created us-asws from the high Illiyeen, and Created the hearts of our-asws Shias from what we-asws had been Created from, and Created their bodies from besides that. Thus, their hearts are yearning towards us-asws and these are Created from what we-asws have been Created from’.
ثُمَّ تَلَا قَوْلَهُ كَلَّا إِنَّ كِتابَ الْأَبْرارِ لَفِي عِلِّيِّينَ وَ ما أَدْراكَ ما عِلِّيُّونَ كِتابٌ مَرْقُومٌ يَشْهَدُهُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ
Then he-asws recited His-azwj Words: Never! Surely the Book of the righteous would be in Illiyeen [83:18] And what will make you realise what Illiyeen is? [83:19] A numbered Book [83:20] The ones of Proximity would witness it [83:21]’’.[91]
11- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي نَهْشَلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَنَا الْخَبَرَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Sa’ad Abady, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Abu Nahshal, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from his father, from Abu Hamza who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created us-asws …’ – The Hadeeth (as above)’’.[92]
12- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَوَّلُ مَنْ سَبَقَ مِنَ الرُّسُلِ إِلَى بَلَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ أَقْرَبَ الْخَلْقِ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ كَانَ بِالْمَكَانِ الَّذِي قَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ تَقَدَّمْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَقَدْ وَطِئْتَ مَوْطِئاً لَمْ تَطَأْهُ مَلَكٌ مُقَرَّبٌ وَ لَا نَبِيٌّ مُرْسَلٌ وَ لَوْ لَا أَنَّ رُوحَهُ وَ نَفْسَهُ كَانَتْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَكَانِ لَمَا قَدَرَ أَنْ يَبْلُغَهُ
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – My father, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from yahya al Halby, from Ibn Sinan who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The first one from the Rasools-as to preceded to (say): ‘Yes’, was Rasool-Allah-saww, and that is because he-saww was the closest of the creatures to Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted, and he-saww was at the place which Jibraeel-as said to him-saww – when he-saww was ascended with to the sky: ‘Go ahead, O Muhammad-saww, for you-saww have treaded a place no Angel of Proximity has trodden, nor a Mursil Prophet-as’, and if his-saww soul and his-saww self was not from that place, he-saww would not have been able to reach it.
فَكَانَ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ قابَ قَوْسَيْنِ أَوْ أَدْنى أَيْ بَلْ أَدْنَى فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ الْأَمْرُ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَقَعَ إِلَى أَوْلِيَائِهِ ع فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع كَانَ الْمِيثَاقُ مَأْخُوذاً عَلَيْهِمْ لِلَّهِ بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَ لِرَسُولِهِ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ وَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْأَئِمَّةِ بِالْإِمَامَةِ
He-saww was from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic just as Allah-azwj Said: So, he was (at a distance of) two bows or nearer [53:9], i.e., but closer. When the Command came out from Allah-azwj and fell to His-azwj Guardians-asws, Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘The Covenant was Taken upon them for Allah-azwj with the Lordship, and for His-azwj Rasools-as with the Prophet-hood, and for Amir Al-Momineen-asws and the Imams-asws with the Imamate’.
فَقَالَ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ وَ مُحَمَّدٌ نَبِيَّكُمْ وَ عَلِيٌّ إِمَامَكُمْ وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ الْهَادُونَ أَئِمَّتَكُمْ فَ قالُوا بَلى فَقَالَ اللَّهُ شَهِدْنا أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ أَيْ لِئَلَّا تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هذا غافِلِينَ
He-azwj Said: “Am I not your Lord? [7:172], and Muhammad-saww your Prophet-saww, and Ali-asws your Imam-asws, and the Imams-asws of Guidance your Imams-asws?” They said, ‘Yes, we testify’. Allah-azwj Said: “Lest you should be saying on the Day of Qiyamah – just in case you would be saying on the Day of Qiyamah, ‘We were oblivious of this’ [7:172].
فَأَوَّلُ مَا أَخَذَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْمِيثَاقَ عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ وَ إِذْ أَخَذْنا مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِيثاقَهُمْ فَذَكَرَ جُمْلَةَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ ثُمَّ أَبْرَزَ أَفْضَلَهُمْ بِالْأَسَامِي فَقَالَ وَ مِنْكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ
The first of what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Took the Covenant upon the Prophets-as was with the Lordship, and it is His-azwj Word: And when We Took from the Prophets, their Covenants, [33:7], He-azwj Mentioned the entirety of the Prophets-as. Then He-azwj Highlighted the most superior one of them-as with the name, and He-azwj Said: and from you O Muhammad-saww!”
فَقَدَّمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لِأَنَّهُ أَفْضَلُهُمْ وَ مِنْ نُوحٍ وَ إِبْراهِيمَ وَ مُوسى وَ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ فَهَؤُلَاءِ الْخَمْسَةُ أَفْضَلُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَفْضَلُهُمْ
Rasool-Allah-saww went ahead because he-saww was the most superior of them-as, and from Noah and Ibrahim and Musa and Isa son of Maryam [33:7]. Thus, these are the five most superior of the Prophets-as, and Rasool-Allah-saww is their-as superior.
ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مِيثَاقَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ لَهُ بِالْإِيمَانِ بِهِ وَ عَلَى أَنْ يَنْصُرُوا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ مِيثاقَ النَّبِيِّينَ لَما آتَيْتُكُمْ مِنْ كِتابٍ وَ حِكْمَةٍ ثُمَّ جاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ مُصَدِّقٌ لِما مَعَكُمْ يَعْنِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَتُؤْمِنُنَّ بِهِ وَ لَتَنْصُرُنَّهُ يَعْنِي أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ تُخْبِرُوا أُمَمَكُمْ بِخَبَرِهِ وَ خَبَرِ وَلِيِّهِ مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ
The after that, He-azwj Took the Covenant of Rasool-Allah-saww upon the Prophets-as from him-saww with the belief with him-saww, and upon (the stipulation) that they-as would help Amir Al-Momineen-asws, so He-azwj Said: And when Allah Took a Covenant of the Prophets: “When I have Given you from a Book and Wisdom – then a Rasool comes to you verifying to what is with you, – meaning Rasool-Allah-saww, you must believe in him, and you must help him” [3:81] – meaning Amir Al-Momineen-asws, you (Prophets-as) would inform your-as communities with his-saww news, and news of his-saww Guardian-asws from the Imams-asws’’.[93]
13 فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ لَتُؤْمِنُنَّ بِهِ وَ لَتَنْصُرُنَّهُ قَالَ مَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيّاً عَنْ آدَمَ فَهَلُمَّ جَرّاً إِلَّا وَ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا فَيُقَاتِلُ وَ يَنْصُرُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – My father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abdullah Bin Muskan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, and from Abu Baseer, from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: you must believe in him, and you must help him” [3:81]. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj did not Send a Prophet-as from Adam-as and so forth, except that he-as would be returning to the world and helping Amir-Al-Momineen-asws.
ثُمَّ أَخَذَ أَيْضاً مِيثَاقَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ قُلْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَ ما أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْنا وَ ما أُنْزِلَ عَلى إِبْراهِيمَ وَ إِسْماعِيلَ وَ إِسْحاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ وَ الْأَسْباطِ وَ ما أُوتِيَ مُوسى وَ عِيسى وَ مَا أُوتِيَ النَّبِيُّونَ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ لا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ وَ نَحْنُ لَهُ مُسْلِمُونَ
Then He-azwj Took the Covenant as well of the Prophets-as upon Rasool-Allah-saww and He-azwj Said: Say (O Muhammad-saww): We believe in Allah and (in) what is Revealed unto us, and what was revealed to Ibrahim and Ismail and Is’haq and Yaqoub and the tribes, and (in) what was Given to Musa and Isa, and (in) what was Given to the Prophets from their Lord. We do not make any distinction between any of them, and to Him we are submitting [2:136]’’.[94]
14 فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَ أَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قالُوا بَلى شَهِدْنا قُلْتُ مُعَايَنَةً كَانَ هَذَا
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – My father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Muskan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam, their offspring from their foreheads and Made them testify against their own selves: “Am I not your Lord?” They said, ‘Yes, we testify’. [7:172], I said, ‘This was eye-witnessed?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ فَثَبَتَتِ الْمَعْرِفَةُ وَ نَسُوا الْمَوْقِفَ وَ سَيَذْكُرُونَهُ وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَدْرِ أَحَدٌ مَنْ خَالِقُهُ وَ رَازِقُهُ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَقَرَّ بِلِسَانِهِ فِي الذَّرِّ وَ لَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِقَلْبِهِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ فَما كانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِما كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, and the recognition was affirmed and they forgot the pausing and they would be remembering it, and had it not been that, no one would know who is his Creator and his Sustainer. From them is one who accepted by his tongue in the (realm of the) particles and did not believe by his heart, so Allah-azwj Said: but they did not believe due to what they had belied with from before [10:74]’’.[95]
15- أَقُولُ رَوَى الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ فَهْدٍ فِي الْمُهَذَّبِ وَ غَيْرِهِ بِإِسْنَادِهِمْ عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ لِي يَا مُعَلَّى يَوْمُ النَّيْرُوزِ هُوَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي أَخَذَ اللَّهُ مِيثَاقَ الْعِبَادِ أَنْ يَعْبُدُوهُ وَ لَا يُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئاً وَ أَنْ يَدِينُوا بِرُسُلِهِ وَ حُجَجِهِ وَ أَوْلِيَائِهِ ع الْخَبَرَ
I (Majlisi) as saying, ‘It is reported by the sheykh Ahmad Bin Fahad in (the book) Al Mahzab, and other by their chains from Al Moala Bin Khunays,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (Moala) said, ‘He-asws said to me: ‘O Moala! The day of Al-Neyrouz, it is the day which Allah-azwj Took the Covenant of the servants that they should worship Him-azwj, and they should not associate anything with Him-azwj, and that they should make it a Religion with His-azwj Rasools-as and His-azwj Divine Authorities, and His-azwj Guardians-asws’ – the Hadeeth’.[96]
16- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ الْحَدَّادِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي خَبَرٍ طَوِيلٍ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ إِنِّي خالِقٌ بَشَراً مِنْ صَلْصالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ فَإِذا سَوَّيْتُهُ وَ نَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِنْ رُوحِي فَقَعُوا لَهُ ساجِدِينَ قَالَ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَقْدِمَةً فِي آدَمَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَهُ وَ احْتِجَاجاً مِنْهُ عَلَيْهِمْ
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – My father, from Ibn Mahboub, from Amro Bin Abu Al Maqdam, from Sabit Al Hadad, from Jabir al Ju’fy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Amir Al-Momineen-asws in a lengthy Hadeeth: ‘The Blessed and Exalted Said to the Angels: “And when your Lord Said to the Angels: “I will Create a person from clay of matured mud, altered [15:28] So when I Complete him and Blow into him from My Spirit, then fall down towards him in Sajdah” [15:29]’. He-asws said: ‘And that happened from Allah-azwj preceding regarding Adam-as before He-azwj had Created him-as, and an argument from Him-azwj upon them.
قَالَ فَاغْتَرَفَ رَبُّنَا تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى غُرْفَةً بِيَمِينِهِ مِنَ الْمَاءِ الْعَذْبِ الْفُرَاتِ وَ كِلْتَا يَدَيْهِ يَمِينٌ فَصَلْصَلَهَا فِي كَفِّهِ فَجَمَدَتْ فَقَالَ لَهَا مِنْكِ أَخْلُقُ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ عِبَادِيَ الصَّالِحِينَ وَ الْأَئِمَّةَ الْمُهْتَدِينَ وَ الدُّعَاةَ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَ أَتْبَاعَهُمْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الدِّينِ وَ لَا أُبَالِي وَ لَا أُسْأَلُ عَمَّا أَفْعَلُ وَ هُمْ يُسْئَلُونَ
Allah-azwj Scooped a Scoop with His-azwj Right Hand – and both His-azwj Hands are Right – of fresh water of the Euphrates, and He-azwj Shook it in His-azwj Palm, so it solidified. Then He-azwj Said: “From you I-azwj shall Create the Prophets-as, and the Mursils-as, and My-azwj righteous servants, the Guided Imams-asws, the inviters to the Paradise, and their-asws followers up to the Day of Qiyamah, and I-azwj do not Mind, nor will I-azwj be questioned about what I-azwj Do, and they (people) would be questioned”.
ثُمَّ اغْتَرَفَ غُرْفَةً أُخْرَى مِنَ الْمَاءِ الْمَالِحِ الْأُجَاجِ فَصَلْصَلَهَا فِي كَفِّهِ فَجَمَدَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهَا مِنْكِ أَخْلُقُ الْجَبَّارِينَ وَ الْفَرَاعِنَةَ وَ الْعُتَاةَ وَ إِخْوَانَ الشَّيَاطِينِ وَ الدُّعَاةَ إِلَى النَّارِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ أَشْيَاعَهُمْ وَ لَا أُبَالِي وَ لَا أُسْأَلُ عَمَّا أَفْعَلُ وَ هُمْ يُسْئَلُونَ
Then Allah-azwj Scooped with His-azwj Palm another Scoop of salty water, and He-azwj Shook it in His-azwj Palm, so it solidified. Then He-azwj Said to it: “From you I-azwj shall Create the tyrants, and the Pharaohs, and the ruthless ones, and the brethren of the satans-la, and imams of Kufr, and the inviters to the Fire and their followers up to the Day of Qiyamah, and I-azwj do not Mind, nor will I-azwj be questioned about what I-azwj Do, and they would be Questioned”.
قَالَ وَ شَرَطَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْبَدَاءَ فِيهِمْ وَ لَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ فِي أَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ الْبَدَاءَ ثُمَّ خَلَطَ الْمَاءَيْنِ جَمِيعاً فِي كَفِّهِ فَصَلْصَلَهُمَا ثُمَّ كَفَأَهُمَا قُدَّامَ عَرْشِهِ وَ هُمَا سُلَالَةٌ مِنْ طِينٍ الْخَبَرَ
And He-azwj Stipulated in that the Change of Mind regarding them, and He-azwj did not Stipulate regarding the companions of the right hand, the Change of Mind of Allah-azwj regarding them. Then He-azwj Mixed the two waters in His-azwj Palm altogether, and He-azwj Shook these two, then He-azwj Placed these two in front of His-azwj Throne, and they were both sodden with clay’ – the Hadeeth’.[97]
17- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ مَاءً عَذْباً فَخَلَقَ مِنْهُ أَهْلَ طَاعَتِهِ وَ جَعَلَ مَاءً مُرّاً فَخَلَقَ مِنْهُ أَهْلَ مَعْصِيَتِهِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمَا فَاخْتَلَطَا فَلَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ مَا وَلَدَ الْمُؤْمِنُ إِلَّا مُؤْمِناً وَ لَا الْكَافِرُ إِلَّا كَافِراً
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Fazal, from one of our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created fresh water and Created from it the people obedient to Him-azwj, and Made bitter water and Created from it the people disobedience to Him-azwj, then He-azwj Commanded them both to be mixed. Had it not been that, the Momin would not have begotten except a Momin, nor a Kafir except a Kafir’’.[98]
18- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيَدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْجَارُودِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِنْ طِينَةِ عِلِّيِّينَ قُلُوبَهُمْ وَ أَبْدَانَهُمْ وَ خَلَقَ قُلُوبَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الطِّينَةِ وَ خَلَقَ أَبْدَانَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِ ذَلِكَ وَ خَلَقَ الْكَافِرِينَ مِنْ طِينَةِ سِجِّيلٍ قُلُوبَهُمْ وَ أَبْدَانَهُمْ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Safar, from Al Hassan Bin Fazal, from Ibn Abu Al Khatab, from Hamad Bin Isa, from Rabie Bin Abdullah Bin Al Jaroud, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created the Prophets-as from the clay of Illiyeen, their-as hearts and their-as bodies; and Created the hearts of the Momineen from that clay, and Created their bodies from besides that; and He-azwj Created the Kafirs from clay of Sijeel, their hearts and their bodies.
فَخَلَطَ بَيْنَ الطِّينَتَيْنِ فَمِنْ هَذَا يَلِدُ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْكَافِرَ وَ يَلِدُ الْكَافِرُ الْمُؤْمِنَ وَ مِنْ هَاهُنَا يُصِيبُ الْمُؤْمِنُ السَّيِّئَةَ وَ يُصِيبُ الْكَافِرُ الْحَسَنَةَ فَقُلُوبُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تَحِنُّ إِلَى مَا خُلِقُوا مِنْهُ وَ قُلُوبُ الْكَافِرِينَ تَحِنُّ إِلَى مَا خُلِقُوا مِنْهُ
Then He-azwj Mixed between the two clays. Thus, from this the Momin begets the Kafir and the Kafir begets the Momin, and from over here the Momin attains the evil deeds and the Kafir attain the good deeds. The hearts of the Momineen yearn to what they have been Created from, and the hearts of the Kafirs yearn to what they have been Created from’’.[99]
19- ع، علل الشرائع أَحْمَدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ الْهُذَلِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع مِثْلَهُ وَ فِيهِ وَ خَلَقَ أَبْدَانَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ خَلَقَ الْكُفَّارَ وَ سِجِّينٌ مَكَانَ سِجِّيلٍ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ahmad Bin Haroun, from Muhammad Al Humeyri, from his father, from Ibn Yazeed, from Hamad Bin Isa, from Abu Naeem Al Hazly, from a man,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws – similar to it, and in it: ‘And He-azwj Created the bodies of the Momineen and Created the Kafirs’, and ‘prison’ in place of ‘Sijjeel’’.[100]
20- ع، علل الشرائع مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْعَبْقَرِيِّ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَبَّةَ الْعُرَنِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ آدَمَ ع مِنْ أَدِيمِ الْأَرْضِ فَمِنْهُ السِّبَاخُ وَ مِنْهُ الْمِلْحُ وَ مِنْهُ الطَّيِّبُ فَكَذَلِكَ فِي ذُرِّيَّةِ الصَّالِحِ وَ الطَّالِحِ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Aban, from Ibn Awrama, from Amro Bin Usman, from Al Abqary, from Umar Bin Sabit, from his father, from Habbat Al Arny,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created Adam-as from the crust of the earth, so from it is the marshland soil, and from it is the salty and from it is the good. Similar to that is in the offspring, the righteous and the wicked’’.[101]
21- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ شُرَيْحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَجْرَى مَاءً فَقَالَ لَهُ كُنْ عَذْباً أَخْلُقْ مِنْكَ جَنَّتِي وَ أَهْلَ طَاعَتِي وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَجْرَى مَاءً فَقَالَ لَهُ كُنْ بَحْراً مَالِحاً أَخْلُقْ مِنْكَ نَارِي وَ أَهْلَ مَعْصِيَتِي
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Aban, from Ibn Awrama, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Muawiya Bin Shareeh,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Flowed water and Said to it: “Be fresh! I-azwj shall Create from you, My-azwj Paradise and the people obeying Me-azwj”. And Allah-azwj Flowed water and Said to it: “Be a salty ocean! I-azwj shall Create from you My-azwj Fire and the people obeying Me-azwj”.
ثُمَّ خَلَطَهُمَا جَمِيعاً فَمِنْ ثَمَّ يُخْرِجُ الْمُؤْمِنَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِ وَ يُخْرِجُ الْكَافِرَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ لَوْ لَمْ يَخْلِطْهُمَا لَمْ يُخْرِجْ مِنْ هَذَا إِلَّا مِثْلَهُ وَ لَا مِنْ هَذَا إِلَّا مِثْلَهُ
Then He-azwj Mixed the two, so from then the Momin comes out from the Kafir, and the Kafir comes out from the Momin, and if He-azwj had not Mixed the two, there would not have come out from this except its like, nor from this except its like’’.[102]
22- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ يَقُولُ فِي آخِرِهِ مَهْمَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ نَزَقِ أَصْحَابِكَ وَ خُرْقِهِمْ فَهُوَ مِمَّا أَصَابَهُمْ مِنْ لَطْخِ أَصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ وَ مَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ حُسْنِ شِيَمِ مَنْ خَالَفَهُمْ وَ وَقَارِهِمْ فَهُوَ مِنْ لَطْخِ أَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Fazal, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws – in a lengthy Hadeeth – saying at the end of it: ‘From what you see from rudeness of your companions and their disobedience, it is from what hit them from a stain of the companions of the left; and what you see from the excellent manners from their being infringed, and their dignity, it is from a stain from the companions of the right hand’’.[103]
23- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَوَّلِ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَا خَلَقَ مِنْهُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ مَا هُوَ قَالَ الْمَاءُ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Abu Al Khatab, from Muhammad Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the first of what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created. He-asws said: ‘The first of what Mighty and Majestic is what He-azwj Created from it all things’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, and what is it?’ He-asws said: ‘The water’.
قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ الْمَاءَ بَحْرَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا عَذْبٌ وَ الْآخَرُ مِلْحٌ فَلَمَّا خَلَقَهُمَا نَظَرَ إِلَى الْعَذْبِ فَقَالَ يَا بَحْرُ فَقَالَ لَبَّيْكَ وَ سَعْدَيْكَ قَالَ فِيكَ بَرَكَتِي وَ رَحْمَتِي وَ مِنْكَ أَخْلُقُ أَهْلَ طَاعَتِي وَ جَنَّتِي
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Created the water as two oceans – one of them fresh and the other one salty. When He-azwj had Created them both, He-azwj Looked at the fresh (ocean) and He-azwj Said: “O ocean!” It said, ‘At Your-azwj service and Your-azwj Pleasure!’ He-azwj Said: “In you is My-azwj Blessing and My-azwj Mercy, and from you I-azwj shall Create the people obeying Me-azwj, and My-azwj Paradise!”
ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْآخَرِ فَقَالَ يَا بَحْرُ فَلَمْ يُجِبْ فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ يَا بَحْرُ فَلَمْ يُجِبْ فَقَالَ عَلَيْكَ لَعْنَتِي وَ مِنْكَ أَخْلُقُ أَهْلَ مَعْصِيَتِي وَ مَنْ أَسْكَنْتُهُ نَارِي
Then He-azwj Looked at the other and He-azwj Said: “O ocean!” But it did not answer. He-azwj Repeated to it three times: “O ocean!” But it did not answer. He-azwj Said: ‘Upon you is My-azwj Curse, and from you I-azwj shall Create the people disobeying Me-azwj and the one I-azwj shall Settle in My-azwj Fire.
ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمَا أَنْ يَمْتَزِجَا فَامْتَزَجَا قَالَ فَمِنْ ثَمَّ يَخْرُجُ الْمُؤْمِنُ مِنَ الْكَافِرِ وَ الْكَافِرُ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ
Then He-azwj Commanded the two to be mixed up, so they were mixed up. Thus, from them, the Momin comes out from the Kafir, and the Kafir comes out from the Momin’’.[104]
24- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ وَ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ يَرْفَعَانِهِ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ مَاءً فَجَعَلَهُ عَذْباً فَجَعَلَ مِنْهُ أَهْلَ طَاعَتِهِ وَ خَلَقَ مَاءً مُرّاً فَجَعَلَ مِنْهُ أَهْلَ مَعْصِيَتِهِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمَا فَاخْتَلَطَا وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ مَا وَلَدَ الْمُؤْمِنُ إِلَّا مُؤْمِناً وَ لَا الْكَافِرُ إِلَّا كَافِراً
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from Al Bazanty, from Aban Bin Usman and Abu Al Rabie both raising it,
‘He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created water and Made is to be fresh, and Made from it the people obeying Him-azwj; and He-azwj Created bitter water and Made from it the people disobeying Him-azwj. Then He-azwj Commanded the two to be mixed up, and had it not been that, the Momin would not have begotten except a Momin, nor the Kafir except a Kafir’’.[105]
25- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي الثِّقَةُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَ الْعِبَادِ وَ هُمْ أَظِلَّةٌ قَبْلَ الْمِيلَادِ فَمَا تَعَارَفَ مِنَ الْأَرْوَاحِ ائْتَلَفَ وَ مَا تَنَاكَرَ مِنْهَا اخْتَلَفَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Ja’far Bin Bashir, from Ibn Abu Al Bala’a, from Habeeb who said,
‘The reliable ones narrated to me from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Took a Covenant of the servants and they were shadows before the births. So, from whatever the souls recognised (each other) they harmonise (in the world), and whatever from these denied (each other), they differ (in the world)’’.[106]
26- ع، علل الشرائع بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا تَقُولُ فِي الْأَرْوَاحِ أَنَّهَا جُنُودٌ مُجَنَّدَةٌ فَمَا تَعَارَفَ مِنْهَا ائْتَلَفَ وَ مَا تَنَاكَرَ مِنْهَا اخْتَلَفَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – By this chain from Habeeb, from the one who reported it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘What are you saying regarding the souls, these are an army of troops, so whatever they recognise from it, they harmonise, and whatever they deny from it, they differ?’
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّا نَقُولُ ذَلِكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘We are saying that’.
قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ كَذَلِكَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَخَذَ مِنَ الْعِبَادِ مِيثَاقَهُمْ وَ هُمْ أَظِلَّةُ قَبْلَ الْمِيلَادِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَ أَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
He-asws said: ‘It is like that. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Took from the servants, their Covenant and they were shadows before the births, and it is the Word of the Mighty and Majestic: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam, their offspring from their foreheads and Made them testify against their own selves: [7:172] – up to the end of the Verse’.
قَالَ فَمَنْ أَقَرَّ لَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ جَاءَتْ أُلْفَتُهُ هَاهُنَا وَ مَنْ أَنْكَرَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ جَاءَ خِلَافُهُ هَاهُنَا
He-asws said: ‘The one who accepted to Him-azwj on that day, came harmonising over here, and ones who denied it on that day, came opposing it over here’’.[107]
27- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَهُ فَذَكَرْنَا رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا فَقُلْنَا فِيهِ حِدَّةٌ فَقَالَ مِنْ عَلَامَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَنْ تَكُونَ فِيهِ حِدَّةٌ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘We were in his-asws presence and we mentioned a man from our companions and we said, ‘There is anger in him’. He-asws said: ‘It is from a sign of the Momin that there would happen to be anger in him’.
قَالَ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ إِنَّ عَامَّةَ أَصْحَابِنَا فِيهِمْ حِدَّةٌ
He (the narrator) said, ‘We said to him-asws, ‘Generally, our companions have sharpness in them’.
فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي وَقْتِ مَا ذَرَأَهُمْ أَمَرَ أَصْحَابَ الْيَمِينِ وَ أَنْتُمْ هُمْ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا النَّارَ فَدَخَلُوهَا فَأَصَابَهُمْ وَهَجٌ فَالْحِدَّةُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْوَهَجِ وَ أَمَرَ أَصْحَابَ الشِّمَالِ وَ هُمْ مُخَالِفُوهُمْ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا النَّارَ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلُوا فَمِنْ ثَمَّ لَهُمْ سَمْتٌ وَ لَهُمْ وَقَارٌ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted during the time what scattered them, the matter of the companions of the right – and you (Shias) are they – that they should enter the Fire, and they entered it, so the glare hit them, and the anger is from that glare. And He-azwj Commanded the companions of the left – and they are your opponents – that they enter the Fire, but they did not do it, so from then there is apparent calmness from them and for them there is dignity’’.[108]
28- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْغَضَائِرِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ الْغَزَّالِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ فِي الْفِرْدَوْسِ لَعَيْناً أَحْلَى مِنَ الشَّهْدِ وَ أَلْيَنَ مِنَ الزُّبْدِ وَ أَبْرَدَ مِنَ الثَّلْجِ وَ أَطْيَبَ مِنَ الْمِسْكِ فِيهَا طِينَةٌ خَلَقَنَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْهَا وَ خَلَقَ شِيعَتَنَا مِنْهَا فَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ تِلْكَ الطِّينَةِ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا وَ لَا مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا وَ هِيَ الْمِيثَاقُ الَّذِي أَخَذَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى وَلَايَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Gazairy, from Ali Bin Muhammad Al Alawy, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn, from Abu Abdullah Bin Asbat, from Ahmad bin Muhammad Bin Ziyad Al Attar, from Muhammad Bin Marwan Al Gazaal, from Ubeyd Bin Yahya, from Yahya Bin Abdullah Bin Al Hassan,
‘From his grandfather-asws Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘In Al-Firdows there is a spring sweeter than the honey, and softer than the butter, and colder than the snow, and more aromatic than the musk. Therein is clay Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created us-asws from it, and Created our-asws Shias from it. The one who does not happen to be from that clay, he isn’t from us-asws nor from our-asws Shias, and it is the Covenant which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Too upon the Wilayah of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.
قَالَ عُبَيْدٌ فَذَكَرْتُ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ صَدَقَكَ يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ هَكَذَا أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي- عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص
Ubeyd said, ‘I mentioned this Hadeeth to Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn and he said, ‘Yahya Bin Abdullah spoke the truth. That is how my father informed me from his grandfather, from his father, from the Prophet-saww.
قَالَ عُبَيْدٌ قُلْتُ أَشْتَهِي أَنْ تُفَسِّرَهُ لَنَا إِنْ كَانَ عِنْدَكَ تَفْسِيرٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَلَكاً رَأْسُهُ تَحْتَ الْعَرْشِ وَ قَدَمَاهُ فِي تُخُومِ الْأَرْضِ السَّابِعَةِ السُّفْلَى بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ رَاحَةُ أَحَدِكُمْ
Ubeyd said, ‘I said, ‘I desire that you interpret it for us, if there was an interpretation with you’. He said, ‘Yes. My father narrated to me from my grandfather, from Rasool-Allah-saww having said: ‘There is an Angel for Allah-azwj whose head is beneath the Throne, and his feet in the surroundings of the seventh lowest firmament. In front of its eyes there is future of (each) one of you .
فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ خَلْقاً عَلَى وَلَايَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَمَرَ ذَلِكَ الْمَلَكَ فَأَخَذَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الطِّينَةِ فَرَمَى بِهَا فِي النُّطْفَةِ حَتَّى تَصِيرَ إِلَى الرَّحِمِ مِنْهَا يَخْلُقُ وَ هِيَ الْمِيثَاقُ
When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Wants to Create a person to be upon the Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, Commands that Angel, so it take from that clay and throws it into the seed until it comes to be in the womb. From it, He-azwj Creates, and it is the Covenant’’.[109]
29- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَدْيَنَ مِنْ وُلْدِ مَالِكِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَشْتَرِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ مَعِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَغْتَمُّ وَ أَحْزَنُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ أَعْرِفَ لِذَلِكَ سَبَباً
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Muhammad al Attar, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Malik who said, ‘It was narrated to us by Ahmad Ibn Madeyn from a son of Malik Bin Al Haris Al Ashtar, from Muhammad Bin Ammar, from his father, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I went to Abu Abdullah-asws and with me was a man from our companions. I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! I tend to be gloomy and grieving from without recognising a reason for that’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ ذَلِكَ الْحَزَنَ وَ الْفَرَحَ يَصِلُ إِلَيْكُمْ مِنَّا إِذَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا حَزَنٌ أَوْ سُرُورٌ كَانَ ذَلِكَ دَاخِلًا عَلَيْكُمْ لِأَنَّا وَ إِيَّاكُمْ مِنْ نُورِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَجَعَلَنَا وَ طِينَتَنَا وَ طِينَتَكُمْ وَاحِدَةً وَ لَوْ تُرِكَتْ طِينَتُكُمْ كَمَا أُخِذَتْ لَكُنَّا وَ أَنْتُمْ سَوَاءً وَ لَكِنْ مُزِجَتْ طِينَتُكُمْ بِطِيْنَةِ أَعْدَائِكُمْ فَلَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ مَا أَذْنَبْتُمْ ذَنْباً أَبَداً
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘That is the grief and the happiness connected to you all from us. When grief or happiness enters upon us-asws that would be entering upon you, because we-asws and you are from the Light of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. Thus we-asws and our-asws clay and your clay became one, and if your clay had been left just as it had been Taken, us-asws and you all would have been the same, but your clay was mixed with the clay of your enemies. Had it not been that, you would not have committed any sin, ever!’
قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَتَعُودُ طِينَتُنَا وَ نُورُنَا كَمَا بَدَأَ فَقَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ هَذَا الشُّعَاعِ الزَّاجِرِ مِنَ الْقُرْصِ إِذَا طَلَعَ أَ هُوَ مُتَّصِلٌ بِهِ أَوْ بَائِنٌ مِنْهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ بَلْ هُوَ بَائِنٌ مِنْهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Will our clay and our light return to just as it had begun?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj, O Abdullah! Inform me about this radiating ray from the disc (sun) when it emerges, is it connected with it or disconnected from it’. I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! But, it is disconnected from it’.
فَقَالَ أَ فَلَيْسَ إِذَا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَ سَقَطَ الْقُرْصُ عَادَ إِلَيْهِ فَاتَّصَلَ بِهِ كَمَا بَدَأَ مِنْهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ نَعَمْ
He-asws said: ‘When the sun disappears (sets) and the disc falls, these return to it and connect with it just as they had begun from it?’ I said to him-asws, ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ كَذَلِكَ وَ اللَّهِ شِيعَتُنَا مِنْ نُورِ اللَّهِ خُلِقُوا وَ إِلَيْهِ يَعُودُونَ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكُمْ لَمُلْحَقُونَ بِنَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ إِنَّا لَنَشْفَعُ فَنُشَفَّعُ وَ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَشْفَعُونَ فَتُشَفَّعُونَ وَ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا وَ سَتُرْفَعُ لَهُ نَارٌ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ وَ جَنَّةٌ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ فَيُدْخِلُ أَحِبَّاءَهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَ أَعْدَاءَهُ النَّارَ
He-asws said: ‘Similar to that, by Allah-azwj, our-asws Shias are Created from the Light of Allah-azwj and to it they would be returning. By Allah-azwj! You would be attached with us-asws on the Day of Qiyamah, and we-asws would be asked for intercession so we-asws would intercede, and you (Shias) would be asked for intercession so you would intercede, and there is none from a man from you except a Fire would be raised for him on his left, and a Garden on his right, so he would enter his beloved ones into the Paradise, and his enemies into the Fire’’.[110]
30- ع، علل الشرائع الدَّقَّاقُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَنَا مِنْ نُورٍ مُبْتَدَعٍ مِنْ نُورٍ رَسَخَ ذَلِكَ النُّورُ فِي طِينَةٍ مِنْ أَعْلَى عِلِّيِّينَ وَ خَلَقَ قُلُوبَ شِيعَتِنَا مِمَّا خَلَقَ مِنْهُ أَبْدَانَنَا وَ خَلَقَ أَبْدَانَهُمْ مِنْ طِينَةٍ دُونَ ذَلِكَ فَقُلُوبُهُمْ تَهْوَى إِلَيْنَا لِأَنَّهَا خُلِقَتْ مِمَّا خُلِقْنَا مِنْهُ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Al Daqaq, from Muhammad Al Asady, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, raising it to Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Zayd Al Shaham,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Created us-asws from Light of the Creator from a light embedded in that light in the clay from the High Illiyeen; and He-azwj Created the hearts of our-asws Shias from what He-azwj Created our-asws bodies from, and Created their bodies from clay besides that. Their hearts yearn towards us-asws because these are Created from what we-asws have been Created from’.
ثُمَّ قَرَأَ كَلَّا إِنَّ كِتابَ الْأَبْرارِ لَفِي عِلِّيِّينَ وَ ما أَدْراكَ ما عِلِّيُّونَ كِتابٌ مَرْقُومٌ يَشْهَدُهُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ
Then he-asws recited: Never! Surely the Book of the righteous would be in Illiyeen [83:18] And what will make you realise what Illiyeen is? [83:19] A numbered Book [83:20] The ones of Proximity would witness it [83:21].
وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ قُلُوبَ أَعْدَائِنَا مِنْ طِينَةٍ مِنْ سِجِّينٍ وَ خَلَقَ أَبْدَانَهُمْ مِنْ طِينَةٍ مِنْ دُونِ ذَلِكَ وَ خَلَقَ قُلُوبَ شِيعَتِهِمْ مِمَّا خَلَقَ مِنْهُ أَبْدَانَهُمْ فَقُلُوبُهُمْ تَهْوَى إِلَيْهِمْ
And that Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Created the hearts of our-asws enemies from clay from Sijjeen, and Created their bodies from clay from besides that, and Created the hearts of their adherents from what He-azwj had Created their bodies from. Therefore, their hearts yearn towards them’.
ثُمَّ قَرَأَ إِنَّ كِتابَ الفُجَّارِ لَفِي سِجِّينٍ وَ ما أَدْراكَ ما سِجِّينٌ كِتابٌ مَرْقُومٌ وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
Then he-asws recited: Never! Surely the book of the immoral is in Sijjeen [83:7] And what will make you realise what Sijjeen is? [83:8] A numbered book [83:9] Woe on that Day would be unto the beliers [83:10]’’.[111]
31- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي يَحْيَى الْوَاسِطِيِّ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَنَا مِنْ عِلِّيِّينَ وَ خَلَقَ أَرْوَاحَنَا مِنْ فَوْقِ ذَلِكَ وَ خَلَقَ أَرْوَاحَ شِيعَتِنَا مِنْ عِلِّيِّينَ وَ خَلَقَ أَجْسَادَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِ ذَلِكَ فَمِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ كَانَ الْقَرَابَةُ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ مِنْ ثَمَّ تَحِنُّ قُلُوبُهُمْ إِلَيْنَا
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Abu Yahya Al Wasity, raising it, said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created us-asws from Illiyeen, and Created our-asws souls from above that, and Created the souls of our-asws Shias from Illiyeen, and Created their bodies from below that. Thus, from that reason was the nearness between us-asws and them, and from them their hearts yearn towards us-asws’’.[112]
32- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَ أَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قالُوا بَلى قَالَ ثَبَتَتِ الْمَعْرِفَةُ وَ نَسُوا الْوَقْتَ وَ سَيَذْكُرُونَهُ يَوْماً وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَدْرِ أَحَدٌ مَنْ خَالِقُهُ وَ لَا مَنْ رَازِقُهُ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Fazal, from Ibn Bakeyr, from Zurara who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam, their offspring from their foreheads and Made them testify against their own selves: “Am I not your Lord?” They said, ‘Yes, we testify’. [7:172]. He-asws said: ‘The recognition was affirmed and they forgot the time and they would be remembering it one day, and had it not been that, no one would know who created him nor who sustains him’’.[113]
33- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ الرَّقِّيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ الْخَلْقَ خَلَقَهُمْ وَ نَشَرَهُمْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ مَنْ رَبُّكُمْ فَأَوَّلُ مَنْ نَطَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ فَقَالُوا أَنْتَ رَبُّنَا
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Humeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseyr, from Dawood Al Raqy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Wanted to Create the creation, He-azwj Created them and Displayed them in front of Him-azwj, then Said to them: “Who is your Lord-azwj?’ The first ones to speak were Rasool-Allah-saww and Amir Al-Momineen-asws and the Imams-asws altogether. They-asws said: ‘You-azwj are our-asws Lord-azwj!’
فَحَمَّلَهُمُ الْعِلْمَ وَ الدِّينَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ هَؤُلَاءِ حَمَلَةُ دِينِي وَ عِلْمِي وَ أُمَنَائِي فِي خَلْقِي وَ هُمُ الْمَسْئُولُونَ
He-azwj Loaded them-asws the Knowledge and the Religion, then Said to the Angels: “They-asws are the carriers of My-azwj Religion, and My-azwj Knowledge, and are My-azwj Trustees in My-azwj creation, and they would be Questioned”.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِبَنِي آدَمَ أَقِرُّوا لِلَّهِ بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَ لِهَؤُلَاءِ النَّفَرِ بِالطَّاعَةِ وَ الْوَلَايَةِ فَقَالُوا نَعَمْ رَبَّنَا أَقْرَرْنَا
Then He-azwj Said to the children of Adam-as: “Acknowledge to Allah-azwj with the Lordship, and to they with the obedience and the Wilayah!” They said, ‘Yes our Lord-azwj, we do acknowledge’.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ اشْهَدُوا فَقَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ شَهِدْنَا عَلَى أَنْ لَا يَقُولُوا غَداً إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هذا غافِلِينَ أَوْ يَقُولُوا إِنَّما أَشْرَكَ آباؤُنا مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ كُنَّا ذُرِّيَّةً مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ أَ فَتُهْلِكُنا بِما فَعَلَ الْمُبْطِلُونَ يَا دَاوُدُ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ مُؤَكَّدَةٌ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي الْمِيثَاقِ
Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Said to the Angels: “Testify!” The Angels said: ‘We testify upon that they (creatures) would not be saying tomorrow, ‘We were oblivious about this’, ‘Or you should be saying, ‘But rather, our fathers associated from before, and were an offspring from after them. Will You Destroy us due to the deeds of the wrong-doers?’ [7:173]. O Dawood! The Prophets-as, it was confirmed upon them-as in the Covenant’’.[114]
34- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ وَ عُقْبَةَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ الْخَلْقَ فَخَلَقَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ مِمَّا أَحَبَّ وَ كَانَ مَا أَحَبَّ أَنْ خَلَقَهُ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ خَلَقَ مَنْ أَبْغَضَ مِمَّا أَبْغَضَ وَ كَانَ مَا أَبْغَضَ أَنْ خَلَقَهُ مِنْ طِينَةِ النَّارِ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُمْ فِي الظِّلَالِ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Bazie, from Salih Bin Aqaba, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad al Jufy and Aqaba altogether,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created the creation, He-azwj Created the ones He-azwj Loved most from what He-azwj Loved most, and what He-azwj most Loved was to Create it from the clay of the Paradise; and He-azwj Created the ones most hateful from what was the most hateful, and the most hateful what to Create it from the clay of the Fire. Then He-azwj Sent them (all) into the shadows.
فَقُلْتُ وَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ الظِّلَالُ فَقَالَ أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى ظِلِّكَ فِي الشَّمْسِ شَيْءٌ وَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَ مِنْهُمُ النَّبِيِّينَ فَدَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى الْإِقْرَارِ بِاللَّهِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ
I said, ‘And which thing is the ‘shadows’?’ He-asws said: ‘Do you not look at a shadow in the sunshine being a thing and it isn’t a thing? Then He-azwj Sent from them, the Prophets-as and Called them for the acknowledgment with Allah-azwj, and these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And if you were to ask them who created them, they would certainly say, ‘Allah’. [43:87].
ثُمَّ دَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى الْإِقْرَارِ بِالنَّبِيِّينَ فَأَنْكَرَ بَعْضٌ وَ أَقَرَّ بَعْضٌ ثُمَّ دَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى وَلَايَتِنَا فَأَقَرَّ بِهَا وَ اللَّهِ مَنْ أَحَبَّ وَ أَنْكَرَهَا مَنْ أَبْغَضَ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَما كانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِما كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ
Then He-azwj called them to the acknowledgment with the Prophets-as, but some of them denied and some accepted, and these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: but they did not believe due to what they had belied with from before. [10:74]’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع كَانَ التَّكْذِيبُ ثَمَّ
Then Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘The belying was then’’.[115]
35- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنْ زِيَادٍ الْقَنْدِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ: بَيْنَا نَحْنُ فِي الطَّوَافِ إِذْ مَرَّ رَجُلٌ مِنْ آلِ عُمَرَ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ رَجُلٌ فَاسْتَلَمَ الْحَجَرَ فَانْتَهَرَهُ وَ أَغْلَظَ لَهُ وَ قَالَ لَهُ بَطَلَ حَجُّكَ إِنَّ الَّذِي تَسْتَلِمُهُ حَجَرٌ لَا يَضُرُّ وَ لَا يَنْفَعُ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Yaqteeny, from Ziyad al Qindy, from Abdullah Ibn Sinan who said,
‘While we were in the Tawaaf when a man from the family of Umar passed by, so a man grabbed his hand and kissed the (Black) Stone, but he rebuked him and was angry at him, and said to him, ‘Your Hajj is invalidated because that which kissed is a stone, neither does it harm nor does it benefit’.
فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَ الْعُمَرِيِّ لِهَذَا الَّذِي اسْتَلَمَ الْحَجَرَ فَأَصَابَهُ مَا أَصَابَهُ فَقَالَ وَ مَا الَّذِي قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ قَالَ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بَطَلَ حَجُّكَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ حَجَرٌ لَا يَضُرُّ وَ لَا يَنْفَعُ
I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Did you not hear the words of the Umary for this which I kissed the (Black) Stone, and it hit him what hit him?’ He-asws said: ‘And what is which he said?’ I said to him-asws, ‘He said, O Abdullah! Your Hajj is invalidated. But rather it is a stone, neither does it harm nor does it benefit!’’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَذَبَ ثُمَّ كَذَبَ ثُمَّ كَذَبَ إِنَّ لِلْحَجَرِ لِسَاناً ذَلِقاً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَشْهَدُ لِمَنْ وَافَاهُ بِالْمُوَافَاةِ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘He lied! Then he lied! Then he lied! For the (Black) Stone there would be an eloquent tongue on the Day of Qiyamah. He would testify for the ones fulfilled to him with the arrival’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمَّا خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ خَلَقَ بَحْرَيْنِ بَحْراً عَذْباً وَ بَحْراً أُجَاجاً فَخَلَقَ تُرْبَةَ آدَمَ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ الْعَذْبِ وَ شَنَ عَلَيْهَا مِنَ الْبَحْرِ الْأُجَاجِ ثُمَّ جَبَّلَ آدَمَ فَعَرَكَ عَرْكَ الْأَدِيمِ فَتَرَكَهُ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ
Then he-asws said: ‘When Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Created the skies and the earth, Created two oceans – a fresh water ocean and a salty water ocean. He-azwj Created the soil of Adam-as from the fresh water ocean, and launched upon it from the salty ocean. Then He-azwj Kneaded Adam-as and Scrubbed the crust with a scrubbing, and left Him-azwj for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired.
فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَنْفُخَ فِيهِ الرُّوحَ أَقَامَهُ شَبَحاً فَقَبَضَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ كَتِفِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ فَخَرَجُوا كَالذَّرِّ فَقَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَ قَبَضَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ كَتِفِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ وَ قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ إِلَى النَّارِ
When He-azwj Wanted to Blow the Spirit into him-as, Stood him-as up as a shadow, and Grabbed a Handful from his-as right shoulder, and they (offspring) came out like the particles, and He-azwj Said: “They are to the Paradise!” Then He-azwj Grabbed a Handful from his-as left shoulder and Said: “They are to the Fire’.
فَأَنْطَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَصْحَابَ الْيَمِينِ وَ أَصْحَابَ الْيَسَارِ فَقَالَ أَهْلُ الْيَسَارِ يَا رَبِّ لِمَا خَلَقْتَ لَنَا النَّارَ وَ لَمْ تُبَيِّنْ لَنَا وَ لَمْ تَبْعَثْ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولًا فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ لِعِلْمِي بِمَا أَنْتُمْ صَائِرُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ إِنِّي سَأَبْتَلِيكُمْ
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made the companions of the right and the companions of the left to speak, and the people of the left said, ‘Why did You-azwj Create the Fire for us and did not Clarify to us and did not Send any Rasools-as to us?’ So, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to them: “That is for My-azwj Knowledge with what you would be coming to, and I-azwj will be Testing you”.
فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ النَّارَ فَأُسْعِرَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ تَقَحَّمُوا جَمِيعاً فِي النَّارِ فَإِنِّي أَجْعَلُهَا عَلَيْكُمْ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً فَقَالُوا يَا رَبِّ إِنَّمَا سَأَلْنَاكَ لِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ جَعَلْتَهَا لَنَا هَرَباً مِنْهَا وَ لَوْ أَمَرْتَ أَصْحَابَ الْيَمِينِ مَا دَخَلُوا
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded the Fire, so it was ablaze, then Said to them: ‘Plunge into the Fire altogether, for I-azwj shall Make it be cool and safe upon you all!” They said, ‘O Lord-azwj! But rather we asked You-azwj for which thing did You-azwj Make it to be for us as an escape from it, and if You-azwj were to Command the companions of the right, they would not enter it’.
فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ النَّارَ فَأُسْعِرَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ تَقَحَّمُوا جَمِيعاً فِي النَّارِ فَتَقَحَّمُوا جَمِيعاً فَكَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قَالَ أَصْحَابُ الْيَمِينِ بَلَى طَوْعاً وَ قَالَ أَصْحَابُ الشِّمَالِ بَلَى كَرْهاً فَأَخَذَ مِنْهُمْ جَمِيعاً مِيثَاقَهُمْ وَ أَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded the Fire, and it was ablaze, then Said to the companions of the right: “Plunge into the Fire altogether!” They all dived (into it), and it was cool and safe upon them. He-azwj Said to them: “Am I-azwj not Your-azwj Lord-azwj?” The companions of the right said, ‘Yes’, willingly, and the companions of the left said, ‘Yes’, unwillingly. He-azwj Took their Covenants altogether and Made them testify upon themselves’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ الْحَجَرُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَأَخْرَجَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَالْتَقَمَ الْمِيثَاقَ مِنَ الْخَلْقِ كُلِّهِمْ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لَهُ أَسْلَمَ مَنْ فِي السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ طَوْعاً وَ كَرْهاً وَ إِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ
He-asws said: ‘The (Black) Stone was in the Paradise, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Brought it out and it swallowed the Covenant from the creatures, all of them, and these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And to Him submit the ones is in the skies and the earth, willingly and unwillingly, and to Him they would be returning [3:83].
فَلَمَّا أَسْكَنَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ آدَمَ الْجَنَّةَ وَ عَصَى أَهْبَطَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْحَجَرَ وَ جَعَلَهُ فِي رُكْنِ بَيْتِهِ وَ أَهْبَطَ آدَمَ ع عَلَى الصَّفَا فَمَكَثَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ
When Allah-azwj Settled Adam-as in the Paradise and he-as disobeyed, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Send down the (Black) Stone and Made it to be in a corner of His-azwj House, and Adam-as descended upon Al-Safa and remained for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired.
ثُمَّ رَآهُ فِي الْبَيْتِ فَعَرَفَهُ وَ عَرَفَ مِيثَاقَهُ وَ ذَكَرَهُ فَجَاءَ إِلَيْهِ مُسْرِعاً فَأَكَبَّ عَلَيْهِ وَ بَكَى عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً تَائِباً مِنْ خَطِيئَتِهِ وَ نَادِماً عَلَى نَقْضِهِ مِيثَاقَهُ
Then He-azwj Showed him-as the House, and he-as recognised it (the Black Stone) and recognised his-as Covenant, and remembered it, so he-as came to it joyfully and leapt upon it and cried upon it for forty mornings, repentant from his-as mistake, and remorseful upon his-as contravening his-as Covenant’.
قَالَ فَمِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ أُمِرْتُمْ أَنْ تَقُولُوا إِذَا اسْتَلَمْتُمُ الْحَجَرَ أَمَانَتِي أَدَّيْتُهَا وَ مِيثَاقِي تَعَاهَدْتُهُ لِتَشْهَدَ لِي بِالْمُوَافَاةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
He-asws said: ‘Thus, from that reason, He-azwj Commanded you that you should be saying, when you kiss the (Black) Stone, ‘My entrustment I have fulfilled, and my Covenant I have kept it, for you to testify for me on the Day of Qiyamah, with the arrival’’.[116]
36- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمَذَانِيِّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ الْقُمِّيِّ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرِ ع فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِ يَزْنِي قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَيَلُوطُ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَيَشْرَبُ الْمُسْكِرَ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَيُذْنِبُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَا يَزْنِي وَ لَا يَلُوطُ وَ لَا يَرْتَكِبُ السَّيِّئَاتِ فَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ ذَنْبُهُ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Sa’ad Abady, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Abdullah Ibn Muhammad al Hamdany, from Is’haq Al Qummy who said,
‘I went to Abu Ja’far Al-Baqir-asws and I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Inform me about the Momin, does he commit adultery?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘Does he commit sodomy?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘Does he drink the intoxicants?’ He-saww said: ‘No’. I said, ‘Does he commit (any) sin?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! He neither commits adultery, nor sodomy, nor indulging is the evil, then which thing is his sin?’
فَقَالَ يَا إِسْحَاقُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى الَّذِينَ يَجْتَنِبُونَ كَبائِرَ الْإِثْمِ وَ الْفَواحِشَ إِلَّا اللَّمَمَ وَ قَدْ يُلِمُّ الْمُؤْمِنُ بِالشَّيْءِ الَّذِي لَيْسَ فِيهِ مُرَادٌ
He-asws said: ‘O Is’haq! Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said: Those who are shunning the major sins and the immoralities except for the ‘Lamam’ [53:32]. And the Momin persists with the thing in which there isn’t any want’.
قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ النَّاصِبِ لَكُمْ يُظْهَرُ بِشَيْءٍ أَبَداً قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَقَدْ أَرَى الْمُؤْمِنَ الْمُوَحِّدَ الَّذِي يَقُولُ بِقَوْلِي وَ يَدِينُ اللَّهَ بِوَلَايَتِكُمْ وَ لَيْسَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ خِلَافٌ يَشْرَبُ الْمُسْكِرَ وَ يَزْنِي وَ يَلُوطُ وَ آتِيهِ فِي حَاجَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَأُصِيبُهُ مُعَبِّسَ الْوَجْهِ كَامِحَ اللَّوْنِ ثَقِيلًا فِي حَاجَتِي بَطِيئاً فِيهَا
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Inform me about the Nasibi (Hostile one) to you-asws, would he appear with a thing, ever?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! I have seen the Momin, the Unitarian who is saying with my word and making it a Religion of Allah-azwj with your-asws Wilayah, and there isn’t any differing between me and him. He drinks the intoxicant, and commits adultery, and sodomy, and I go to him regarding one need and I find him of a frowny face, changed of colour, heavy regarding my need, delaying in it.
وَ قَدْ أَرَى النَّاصِبَ الْمُخَالِفَ لِمَا أَنَا عَلَيْهِ وَ يَعْرِفُنِي بِذَلِكَ فَآتِيهِ فِي حَاجَةٍ فَأُصِيبُهُ طَلِقَ الْوَجْهِ حَسَنَ الْبِشْرِ مُتَسَرِّعاً فِي حَاجَتِي فَرِحاً بِهَا يُحِبُّ قَضَاءَهَا كَثِيرَ الصَّلَاةِ كَثِيرَ الصَّوْمِ كَثِيرَ الصَّدَقَةِ يُؤَدِّي الزَّكَاةَ وَ يُسْتَوْدَعُ فَيُؤَدِّي الْأَمَانَةَ
And I have seen the Nasibi (Hostile one), the opponent to what I am upon and he recognises me with that, so I come to him regarding a need and I find him loose of face, good of manners, quick regarding my need, happy with it, loves to fulfil it, frequent of the Salat, frequent of the Fast, frequent of the charity, giving the Zakat, and I entrust him so he gives back the entrustment!’
قَالَ يَا إِسْحَاقُ لَيْسَ تَدْرُونَ مِنْ أَيْنَ أُوتِيتُمْ قُلْتُ لَا وَ اللَّهِ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِلَّا أَنْ تُخْبِرَنِي
He-asws said: ‘O Is’haq! Don’t you know from where it has come to you?’ I said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, may I be sacrificed for you-asws, unless if you-asws were to inform me’.
فَقَالَ يَا إِسْحَاقُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمَّا كَانَ مُتَفَرِّداً بِالْوَحْدَانِيَّةِ ابْتَدَأَ الْأَشْيَاءَ لَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَجْرَى الْمَاءَ الْعَذْبَ عَلَى أَرْضٍ طَيِّبَةٍ طَاهِرَةٍ سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ مَعَ لَيَالِيهَا ثُمَّ نَضَبَ الْمَاءُ عَنْهَا فَقَبَضَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ صَفَاوَةِ ذَلِكَ الطِّينِ وَ هِيَ طِينَتُنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ
He-asws Is’haq! When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic was Individual with the Oneness, Began the things, not from a thing, He-azwj Flowed the fresh water upon the good clean land for seven days along with its nights. Then He-azwj Depleted the water from it and Grabbed a Handful from the clean of that clay, and it is our-asws clay of the People-asws of the Household.
ثُمَّ قَبَضَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ أَسْفَلِ ذَلِكَ الطِّينَةِ وَ هِيَ طِينَةُ شِيعَتِنَا ثُمَّ اصْطَفَانَا لِنَفْسِهِ فَلَوْ أَنَّ طِينَةَ شِيعَتِنَا تُرِكَتْ كَمَا تُرِكَتْ طِينَتُنَا لَمَا زَنَى أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَا سَرَقَ وَ لَا لَاطَ وَ لَا شَرِبَ الْمُسْكِرَ وَ لَا اكْتَسَبَ شَيْئاً مِمَّا ذَكَرْتَ
Then He-azwj Grabbed a Handful from the lower of that clay, and it is the clay of our-asws Shias. Then He-azwj Chose us-asws for Himself-azwj. If the clay of our-asws Shias had been left just as our-asws clay was left, not one of them would have committed adultery, nor theft, nor sodomy, nor during the intoxicant, nor acquired anything from what you mentioned.
وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَجْرَى الْمَاءَ الْمَالِحَ عَلَى أَرْضٍ مَلْعُونَةٍ سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَيَالِيَهَا ثُمَّ نَضَبَ الْمَاءُ عَنْهَا ثُمَّ قَبَضَ قَبْضَةً وَ هِيَ طِينَةٌ مَلْعُونَةٌ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ وَ هِيَ طِينَةُ خَبَالٍ وَ هِيَ طِينَةُ أَعْدَائِنَا
But, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Flowed the salty water upon the Accursed land for seven days and its nights, then Depleted the water from it. Then He-azwj Grabbed a Handful, and it is the Accursed clay from clay of matured mud, altered [15:28], and it is the clay of Khabal[117], and it is the clay of our-asws enemies.
فَلَوْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ تَرَكَ طِينَتَهُمْ كَمَا أَخَذَهَا لَمْ تَرَوْهُمْ فِي خَلْقِ الْآدَمِيِّينَ وَ لَمْ يُقِرُّوا بِالشَّهَادَتَيْنِ وَ لَمْ يَصُومُوا وَ لَمْ يُصَلُّوا وَ لَمْ يُزَكُّوا وَ لَمْ يَحُجُّوا الْبَيْتَ وَ لَمْ تَرَوْا أَحَداً مِنْهُمْ بِحُسْنِ خُلُقٍ
If Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Left their clay just as He-azwj had Taken it, you would not have seen them in the appearance of the human beings, and they would not have acknowledged with the two testimonies, and would not have Fasted, and would not have prayed Salat, and would not have given Zakat, and would not have performed Hajj of the House (Kaaba), and you would not have seen even one of them with good manners.
وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى جَمَعَ الطِّينَتَيْنِ طِينَتَكُمْ وَ طِينَتَهُمْ فَخَلَطَهُمَا وَ عَرَكَهُمَا عَرْكَ الْأَدِيمِ وَ مَزَجَهُمَا بِالْمَاءَيْنِ
But, Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Gathered the two clays, your clay and their clay, and Mixed the two and Scrubbed them with a scrubbing of the crusts, and Kneaded the two with the two waters.
فَمَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ أَخِيكَ مِنْ شَرِّ لَفْظٍ أَوْ زِنًا أَوْ شَيْءٍ مِمَّا ذَكَرْتَ مِنْ شُرْبِ مُسْكِرٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ فَلَيْسَ مِنْ جَوْهَرِيَّتِهِ وَ لَا مِنْ إِيمَانِهِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ بِمَسْحَةِ النَّاصِبِ اجْتَرَحَ هَذِهِ السَّيِّئَاتِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْتَ
Thus, whatever you see from your brother from an evil word or adultery, or something from what you mentioned, from drinking the intoxicant, or something else, it isn’t from his essence nor from his Eman. But rather, it is by the touch of the Nasibi (Hostile one) he perpetrates these evil deeds which you mentioned.
وَ مَا رَأَيْتَ مِنَ النَّاصِبِ مِنْ حُسْنِ وَجْهٍ وَ حُسْنِ خُلُقٍ أَوْ صَوْمٍ أَوْ صَلَاةٍ أَوْ حَجِّ بَيْتٍ أَوْ صَدَقَةٍ أَوْ مَعْرُوفٍ فَلَيْسَ مِنْ جَوْهَرِيَّتِهِ إِنَّمَا تِلْكَ الْأَفَاعِيلُ مِنْ مَسْحَةِ الْإِيمَانِ اكْتَسَبَهَا وَ هُوَ اكْتِسَابُ مَسْحَةِ الْإِيمَانِ
And whatever you see from the Nasibi (Hostile one), from the beauty of his face and good manners, or Fasts, or Salat, or Hajj of the House, or charity, or any good deeds, it isn’t from his essence. But rather, these deeds are from the touch of the Eman he acquired, and it is the acquisition of the touch of the Eman’.
قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ فَمَهْ
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, then what?’
قَالَ لِي يَا إِسْحَاقُ أَ يَجْمَعُ اللَّهُ الْخَيْرَ وَ الشَّرَّ فِي مَوْضِعٍ وَاحِدٍ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ نَزَعَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَسْحَةَ الْإِيمَانِ مِنْهُمْ فَرَدَّهَا إِلَى شِيعَتِنَا وَ نَزَعَ مَسْحَةَ النَّاصِبِ بِجَمِيعِ مَا اكْتَسَبُوا مِنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ فَرَدَّهَا عَلَى أَعْدَائِنَا وَ عَادَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ إِلَى عُنْصُرِهِ الْأَوَّلِ الَّذِي مِنْهُ ابْتَدَأَ
He-asws said to me: ‘O Is’haq! Would Allah-azwj Gather the good and the evil in one place? When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Snatch the touch of Eman from them and Return it to our-asws Shias, and Snatch the touch of the Nasibi (Hostile one) with the entirety of what he had acquired from the evil deeds and Return these upon our-asws enemies, and everything would return to its origin, the first from which it had begun.
أَ مَا رَأَيْتَ الشَّمْسَ إِذَا هِيَ بَدَتْ أَ لَا تَرَى لَهَا شُعَاعاً زَاجِراً مُتَّصِلًا بِهَا أَوْ بَائِناً مِنْهَا قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ الشَّمْسُ إِذَا هِيَ غَرَبَتْ بَدَأَ إِلَيْهَا الشُّعَاعُ كَمَا بَدَأَ مِنْهَا وَ لَوْ كَانَ بَائِناً مِنْهَا لَمَا بَدَأَ إِلَيْهَا
Do you not see the sun when it appears, do you not see having rays for it connected with it or detached from it?’ I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! The sun, when it sets the rays seem to (return) to it just as it had begun from it, and had it been detached from it, would not return to it’.
قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا إِسْحَاقُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يَعُودُ إِلَى جَوْهَرِهِ الَّذِي مِنْهُ بَدَأَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ تُؤْخَذُ حَسَنَاتُهُمْ فَتُرَدُّ إِلَيْنَا وَ تُؤْخَذُ سَيِّئَاتُنَا فَتُرَدُّ إِلَيْهِمْ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, O Is’haq! Allah things would return to its essence which it had begun from’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Their good deeds would be taken away from them and returned to us-asws? And their evil deeds would be taken from us and returned to them?’
قَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَجِدُهَا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا إِسْحَاقُ قُلْتُ فِي أَيِّ مَكَانٍ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj Who, there is no god except He-azwj’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Is it found in the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, O Is’haq!’ I said, ‘In which place is it?’
قَالَ لِي يَا إِسْحَاقُ أَ مَا تَتْلُو هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ فَأُوْلئِكَ يُبَدِّلُ اللَّهُ سَيِّئاتِهِمْ حَسَناتٍ وَ كانَ اللَّهُ غَفُوراً رَحِيماً فَلَمْ يُبَدِّلِ اللَّهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ حَسَنَاتٍ إِلَّا لَكُمْ وَ اللَّهُ يُبَدِّلُ لَكُمْ
He-asws said to me: ‘O Is’haq! Have you not recited this Verse: so those ones, Allah would Replace their evil deeds with good deeds, and Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful [25:70]. So, why would Allah-azwj Replace their evil deeds with good deeds except for you all (Shias). By Allah-azwj! He-azwj would Replace for you (Shias)’’.[118]
37- ير، بصائر الدرجات عِمْرَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَعَثَ جَبْرَئِيلَ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ فَأَتَاهُ بِطِينَةٍ مِنْ طِينِهَا وَ بَعَثَ مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ فَجَاءَهُ بِطِينَةٍ مِنْ طِينِهَا
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Imran Bin Musa, from Musa Bin Ja’far, from Ali Bin Saeed, from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq, from Al Husayn Bin Zayd,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Sent Jibraeel-as to the Paradise and he-as came to Him-azwj with some clay from its clays, and Sent the Angel of death to the earth, and he came with some clay from its clays.
فَجَمَعَ الطِّينَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ قَسَمَهَا نِصْفَيْنِ فَجَعَلَنَا مِنْ خَيْرِ الْقِسْمَيْنِ وَ جَعَلَ شِيعَتَنَا مِنْ طِينَتِنَا فَمَا كَانَ مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا مِمَّا يُرْغَبُ بِهِمْ عَنْهُ مِنَ الْأَعْمَالِ الْقَبِيحَةِ فَذَاكَ مِمَّا خَالَطَهُمْ مِنَ الطِّينَةِ الْخَبِيثَةِ وَ مَصِيرُهَا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ
He-azwj Gathered between the two clays and Divided it into two halves, and Made us-asws from the upper most of the two halves, and Made our-asws Shias from our-asws clay. Whatever was from our-asws Shias from what was allured with them from it, from the ugly deeds, that is from what was mixed with them from the wicked clay, and their destination would be to the Paradise.
وَ مَا كَانَ فِي عَدُوِّنَا مِنْ بِرٍّ وَ صَلَاةٍ وَ صَوْمٍ وَ مِنَ الْأَعْمَالِ الْحَسَنَةِ فَذَاكَ لِمَا خَالَطَهُمْ مِنْ طِينَتِنَا الطَّيِّبَةِ وَ مَصِيرُهُمْ إِلَى النَّارِ
And whatever was in our-asws enemies, from a righteousness, and Salat, and Fast, and from the good deeds, so that is due to what mixed with them from our-asws good clay, and their destination would be to the Fire’’.[119]
38- ير، بصائر الدرجات عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مَسْعُودِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ بْنِ كُلَيْبٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: يَا فُضَيْلُ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ خُلِقْنَا مِنْ عِلِّيِّينَ وَ خُلِقَ قُلُوبُنَا مِنَ الَّذِي خُلِقْنَا مِنْهُ وَ خُلِقَ شِيعَتُنَا مِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ خُلِقَ قُلُوبُ شِيعَتِنَا مِنْهُ
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Abdullah Bin Muhammad, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad, from Masoud Bin Yusuf Bin Kaleyb, from Al Hassan Bin Hamad, from Fazeyl Bin Al Zubeyr,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘’O Fazeyl! But, do you not know that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘We-asws, the People-asws of the Household were created from Illiyeen, and our-asws hearts (are Created) from that which we-asws were Created from, and our-asws Shias were Created from lower than that, and the hearts of our-asws Shias were Created from it.
وَ إِنَّ عَدُوَّنَا خُلِقُوا مِنْ سِجِّينٍ وَ خُلِقَ قُلُوبُهُمْ مِنَ الَّذِي خُلِقُوا مِنْهُ وَ خُلِقَ شِيعَتُهُمْ مِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ خُلِقَ قُلُوبُ شِيعَتِهِمْ مِنَ الَّذِي خُلِقُوا مِنْهُ
And, our-asws enemies have been Created from Sijjeen, and their hearts are Created from that which they have been Created from, and their adherent are Created from lower than that, and the hearts of their adherents are from that which they have been created from.
فَهَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ عِلِّيِّينَ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْ أَهْلِ سِجِّينٍ وَ هَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَهْلُ سِجِّينٍ أَنْ يَكُونُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ عِلِّيِّينَ
Does anyone from the people of the Illiyeen has the capability that he happens to be from the people of Sijjeen? And do the people of the Sijjeen have the capability that they happen to be from the people of Illiyeen!?’’.[120]
39- ير، بصائر الدرجات عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَخَذَ اللَّهُ مِيثَاقَ شِيعَتِنَا مَعَنَا عَلَى وَلَايَتِنَا لَا يَزِيدُونَ وَ لَا يَنْقُصُونَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَنَا مِنْ طِينَةِ عِلِّيِّينَ وَ خَلَقَ شِيعَتَنَا مِنْ طِينَةِ أَسْفَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ خَلَقَ عَدُوَّنَا مِنْ طِينَةِ سِجِّينٍ وَ خَلَقَ أَوْلِيَاءَهُمْ مِنْ طِينَةِ أَسْفَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – From him, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Sayf Bin Umeyra, from Abu Bakr Al Hazramy,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Took a Covenant of our-asws Shias with us-asws upon our-asws Wilayah. They will neither be increasing nor reducing. Allah-azwj Created us from the clay of Illiyeen and Created our-asws Shias from the clay lower than that, and Created our-asws enemies from the clay of Sijjeen, and Created their friends from the clay lower than that’’.[121]
40- ير، بصائر الدرجات أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْجَبَلِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُوقَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَنَا مِنْ طِينَةِ عِلِّيِّينَ وَ خَلَقَ قُلُوبَنَا مِنْ طِينَةِ فَوْقِ عِلِّيِّينَ وَ خَلَقَ شِيعَتِنَا مِنْ طِينَةِ أَسْفَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from the one who reported it, from Ahmad bin Amro Al Hably, from Ibrahim Bin Imran, from Muhammad Bin Sowqat,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Created us-asws from the clay of Illiyeen, and Created our-asws hearts from the clay above Illiyeen, and Created our-asws Shias from clay lower than that, and Created their hearts from clay of Illiyeen. Thus, their hearts became yearning to us-asws because these are from us-asws.
وَ خَلَقَ قُلُوبَهُمْ مِنْ طِينَةِ عِلِّيِّينَ فَصَارَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ تَحِنُّ إِلَيْنَا لِأَنَّهَا مِنَّا وَ خَلَقَ عَدُوَّنَا مِنْ طِينَةِ سِجِّينٍ وَ خَلَقَ قُلُوبَهُمْ مِنْ طِينَةِ أَسْفَلَ مِنْ سِجِّينٍ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ رَادٌّ كُلَّ طِينَةٍ إِلَى مَعْدِنِهَا فَرَادُّهُمْ إِلَى عِلِّيِّينَ وَ رَادُّهُمْ إِلَى سِجِّينٍ
And He-azwj Created our-asws enemies from the clay of Sijjeen, and Created their hearts from clay lower than Sijjeen; and that Allah-azwj would Return every clay to its mine, so He-azwj would Return them (Shias) to Illiyeen and Return them to Sijjeen’’.[122]
41- ير، بصائر الدرجات أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ قَالَ أَخْرَجَ اللَّهُ مِنْ ظَهْرِ آدَمَ ذُرِّيَّتَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَخَرَجُوا كَالذَّرِّ فَعَرَّفَهُمْ نَفْسَهُ وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَنْ يَعْرِفَ أَحَدٌ رَبَّهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Musa, from Ali Bin Hasan, from Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam, their offspring from their foreheads [7:172] – up to the end of the Verse. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Extracted from the back of Adam-as, his-as offspring up to the Day of Qiyamah, and they came out like the particles. Then He-azwj Introduced Himself-azwj to them, and had it not been that, never would have anyone recognised his Lord-azwj’.
قالُوا بَلى وَ إِنَّ هَذَا مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولِي وَ عَلِيٌّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ خَلِيفَتِي وَ أَمِينِي
Then He-azwj Said: “Am I not your Lord?” They said, ‘Yes, we testify’. [7:172], and that this is Muhammad-saww My-azwj Rasool-saww, and Ali Amir Al-Momineen-asws is My-azwj Caliph and My-azwj Trustee”’.[123]
42- ير، بصائر الدرجات بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى هذا نَذِيرٌ مِنَ النُّذُرِ الْأُولى قَالَ يَعْنِي بِهِ مُحَمَّداً ص حَيْثُ دَعَاهُمْ إِلَى الْإِقْرَارِ بِاللَّهِ فِي الذَّرِّ الْأَوَّلِ
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – One of our companions, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Ali Bin Asbat, from Ali Bin Mo’mar, from his father who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: This one is a Warner from the former Warners [53:56]. He-asws said: ‘It means Muhammad-saww where he-saww called them to the acknowledgment with Allah-azwj among the (realm of the) particles, the first (realm of the) particles’’.[124]
43- سن، المحاسن ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ بُكَيْرٍ قَالَ كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَ شِيعَتِنَا بِالْوَلَايَةِ لَنَا وَ هُمْ ذَرٌّ يَوْمَ أَخَذَ الْمِيثَاقَ عَلَى الذَّرِّ بِالْإِقْرَارِ لَهُ بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ وَ عَرَضَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص أُمَّتَهُ فِي الظِّلِ وَ هُمْ أَظِلَّةٌ وَ خَلَقَهُمْ مِنَ الطِّينَةِ الَّتِي خَلَقَ مِنْهَا آدَمَ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Raib, from Bakeyr who said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws was saying: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Took Covenant of our-asws Shias with the Wilayah for us-asws, and they were particles on the day He-azwj Took the Covenant upon the particles with the acknowledgment to Him-azwj with the Lordship, and to Muhammad-saww with the Prophet-hood, and Presented unto Muhammad-saww his-saww community in the shadows and they were shadows, and Created them from the clay which Adam-as had been Created from.
وَ خَلَقَ أَرْوَاحَ شِيعَتِنَا قَبْلَ أَبْدَانِهِمْ بِأَلْفَيْ عَامٍ وَ عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَرَّفَهُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ نَحْنُ نَعْرِفُهُمْ فِي لَحْنِ الْقَوْلِ
And He-azwj Created the souls of our-asws Shias before their bodies by two thousand years and presented them to him-as, and Rasool-Allah-saww recognised them, and so did Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and we-asws (also) recognise them in the tone of words’’.
وَ رَوَاهُ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي الْجَرَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع وَ زَادَ فِيهِ وَ كُلُّ قَلْبٍ يَحِنُّ إِلَى بَدَنِهِ
And it is reported by Usman Bin Isa, from Al Jarrah, from Abu Al Hassan-asws, and there is an addition in it: ‘And every heart yearns to its body’. [125]
44- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْبَطَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: لَا تُخَاصِمُوا النَّاسَ فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ لَوِ اسْتَطَاعُوا أَنْ يُحِبُّونَا لَأَحَبُّونَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَ النَّفْسِ فَلَا يَزِيدُ فِيهِمْ أَحَدٌ أَبَداً وَ لَا يَنْقُصُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ أَبَداً
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Al Batainy, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Do not debate the people, for if the people had the capability to loves us-asws, they would have loved us-asws. Allah-azwj Took the Covenant of the souls, therefore there would neither increase anyone among them, nor would any one reduce from them, ever!’’.[126]
45- سن، المحاسن مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَنَا مَوْلَاكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ كَيْسَانَ فَقَالَ أَمَّا النَّسَبُ فَأَعْرِفُهُ وَ أَمَّا أَنْتَ فَلَسْتُ أَعْرِفُكَ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Muhammad Bin Ali, from Ismail Bin Yasar, from Usman Bin Yusuf, from Abdullah Bin Kaysan who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! May I be sacrificed for you-asws! I am your friend, Abdullah Bin Kaysan’. He-asws said: ‘As for the lineage, I-asws recognise it, and as for you, I-asws don’t recognise you’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ وُلِدْتُ بِالْجَبَلِ وَ نَشَأْتُ بِأَرْضِ فَارِسَ وَ أَنَا أُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ فِي التِّجَارَاتِ وَ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ فَأَرَى الرَّجُلَ حَسَنَ السَّمْتِ وَ حَسَنَ الْخُلُقِ وَ الْأَمَانَةِ ثُمَّ أُفَتِّشُهُ فَأُفَتِّشُهُ عَنْ عَدَاوَتِكُمْ وَ أُخَالِطُ الرَّجُلَ وَ أَرَى فِيهِ سُوءَ الْخُلُقِ وَ قِلَّةَ أَمَانَةٍ وَ زَعَارَّةً ثُمَّ أُفَتِّشُهُ فَأُفَتِّشُهُ عَنْ وَلَايَتِكُمْ فَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘I was born in a mountain and grew up in the land of Persian, and I mingle with the people during the trading and other than that. I see the man of good character and good manners and trustworthiness, then I investigate him, and I find him to be from your-asws enemies; and I mingle and I see the man to be of evil manners, and of little trustworthiness and shame, then I investigate him and find him to be from your-asws friend. So, how can that happen?’
فَقَالَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ يَا ابْنَ كَيْسَانَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَخَذَ طِينَةً مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ طِينَةً مِنَ النَّارِ فَخَلَطَهُمَا جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ نَزَعَ هَذِهِ مِنْ هَذِهِ فَمَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ أُولَئِكَ مِنَ الْأَمَانَةِ وَ حُسْنِ السَّمْتِ وَ حُسْنِ الْخُلُقِ فَمِمَّا مَسَّتْهُمْ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ هُمْ يَعُودُونَ إِلَى مَا خُلِقُوا مِنْهُ
He-asws said: ‘But, do you know, O Ibn Kaysan, that Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Took clay from the Paradise, and clay from the Fire, and Mixed both of them together. Then He-azwj Snatched this from this. Therefore, what you see from those of the trustworthiness, and good character, and good manners, it is from what touched them from the clay of the Paradise, and they would be returning to what they had been Created from.
وَ مَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ مِنْ قِلَّةِ الْأَمَانَةِ وَ سُوءِ الْخُلُقِ وَ الزَّعَارَّةِ فَمِمَّا مَسَّتْهُمْ مِنْ طِينَةِ النَّارِ وَ هُمْ يَعُودُونَ إِلَى مَا خُلِقُوا مِنْهُ
And what you said from those if little trustworthiness, and evil manners, and shame, it is from what touched them from the clay of the Fire, and they would be returning to what they had been Created from’’.[127]
46- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَرَى الرَّجُلَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا مِمَّنْ يَقُولُ بِقَوْلِنَا خَبِيثَ اللِّسَانِ خَبِيثَ الْخِلْطَةِ قَلِيلَ الْوَفَاءِ بِالْمِيعَادِ فَيَغُمُّنِي غَمّاً شَدِيداً وَ أَرَى الرَّجُلَ مِنَ الْمُخَالِفِينَ عَلَيْنَا حَسَنَ السَّمْتِ حَسَنَ الْهَدْيِ وَفِيّاً بِالْمِيعَادِ فَأَغْتَمُّ غَمّاً
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim, from the one who narrated it who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘I see the man from our companions, from the ones who is saying without word being of wicked tongue, wicked association, little loyalty with the promises, so it makes me gloomy with intense gloom. And I see the man from the adversaries against us being of good character, good manners, loyal with the promises, so it makes me gloomy’.
فَقَالَ أَ وَ تَدْرِي لِمَ ذَاكَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ الطِّينَتَيْنِ فَعَرَكَهُمَا وَ قَالَ بِيَدِهِ هَكَذَا رَاحَتَيْهِ جَمِيعاً وَاحِدَةً عَلَى الْأُخْرَى ثُمَّ فَلَقَهُمَا فَقَالَ هَذِهِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَ هَذِهِ إِلَى النَّارِ وَ لَا أُبَالِي
He-asws said: ‘Or, do you know why that is so?’ I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Created the two clays and Scrubbed them’ – and he-asws gestured with his-asws like this, his-asws palm being on top of the other, then separated them, ‘He-azwj Said: ‘These to the Paradise, and these to the Fire, and I-azwj don’t Mind.
فَالَّذِي رَأَيْتَ مِنْ خُبْثِ اللِّسَانِ وَ الْبَذَاءِ وَ سُوءِ الْخِلْطَةِ وَ قِلَّةِ الْوَفَاءِ بِالْمِيعَادِ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي هُوَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِكُمْ يَقُولُ بِقَوْلِكُمْ فَبِمَا الْتَطَخَ بِهَذِهِ مِنَ الطِّينَةِ الْخَبِيثَةِ وَ هُوَ عَائِدٌ إِلَى طِينَتِهِ
So, that which you saw from the wickedness of the tongue and the abuse, and the evil association, and little loyalty with the promises from the man who was from your companions, saying with your word, it is due to what was stained by these from the wicked clay, and he be returning to his clay.
وَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتَ مِنْ حُسْنِ الْهَدْيِ وَ حُسْنِ السَّمْتِ وَ حُسْنِ الْخِلْطَةِ وَ الْوَفَاءِ بِالْمِيعَادِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ مِنَ الْمُخَالِفِينَ فَبِمَا الْتَطَخَ بِهِ مِنَ الطِّينَةِ فَقُلْتُ فَرَّجْتَ عَنِّي فَرَّجَ اللَّهُ عَنْكَ
And that which you saw from the good manners, and good character, and good association, and the loyalty with the promises from the men from the adversaries, it is due to what was stained with it from the clay’. I said, ‘You-asws have relived from me, may Allah-azwj Relieve you-asws’’.[128]
47- سن، المحاسن يَحْيَى بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ يُقَالُ لَهُ عِمْرَانُ أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ فِي عُمْرَةٍ زَمَنَ الْحَجَّاجِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ هَلْ لَقِيتَ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَمَا قَالَ لَكَ قَالَ قَالَ لِي يَا عِمْرَانُ مَا خَبَرُ النَّاسِ فَقُلْتُ تَرَكْتُ الْحَجَّاجَ يَشْتِمُ أَبَاكَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ أَعْنِي عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Yahya Bin Ibrahim Bin Abu Al Balad, from his father, from his grandfather,
‘From a man from his companions called Imran who had come out in Umrah during the era of Al-Hajjaj. I said to him, ‘Did you meet Abu Ja’far-asws?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what did he-asws say to you?’ He-asws said to me: ‘O Imran! What is the news of the people?’ I said, ‘I left Al-Hajjaj insulting your-asws father-asws upon the pulpit – meaning Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.
فَقَالَ أَعْدَاءُ اللَّهِ يَبْدَهُونَ سَبَّنَا أَمَا إِنَّهُمْ لَوِ اسْتَطَاعُوا أَنْ يَكُونُوا مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا لَكَانُوا وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَنَا وَ مِيثَاقَ شِيعَتِنَا وَ نَحْنُ وَ هُمْ أَظِلَّةٌ فَلَوْ جَهَدَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يَزِيدُوا فِيهِ رَجُلًا أَوْ يَنْقُصُوا مِنْهُ رَجُلًا مَا قَدَرُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ
He-asws said: ‘Enemies of Allah-azwj ever insulting us-asws! But they, if they were capable to become from our-asws Shias, they would have, but they are not capable. Allah-azwj Took our-asws Covenant and Covenant of our-asws Shias, and we-asws and them were shadows. If the people were to strive in increasing one man in it or reduce one man from it, they would not be able upon that’’.[129]
48- سن، المحاسن عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: لَوْ عَلِمَ النَّاسُ كَيْفَ كَانَ ابْتِدَاءُ الْخَلْقِ لَمَا اخْتَلَفَ اثْنَانِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Aban, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘If the people knew how the creation began, no two (persons) would differ’.
فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ الْخَلْقَ قَالَ كُنْ مَاءً عَذْباً أَخْلُقْ مِنْكَ جَنَّتِي وَ أَهْلَ طَاعَتِي وَ قَالَ كُنْ مَاءً مِلْحاً أُجَاجاً أَخْلُقْ مِنْكَ نَارِي وَ أَهْلَ مَعْصِيَتِي ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمَا فَامْتَزَجَا فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ صَارَ يَلِدُ الْمُؤْمِنُ كَافِراً وَ الْكَافِرُ مُؤْمِناً
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted, before He-azwj Created the creation, Said: “Be fresh water! I-azwj shall Create from you My-azwj Paradise and the people obeying Me-azwj”. And Said: “Be salty, bitter water! I Shall Create from you My-azwj Fire and the people disobeying Me-azwj”. Then He-azwj Commanded them both to be mixed up, and from that the Momin came to beget a Kafir, and the Kafir (begetting) a Momin.
ثُمَّ أَخَذَ طِينَ آدَمَ مِنْ أَدِيمِ الْأَرْضِ فَعَرَكَهُ عَرْكاً شَدِيداً فَإِذَا هُمْ فِي الذَّرِّ يَدِبُّونَ فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ بِسَلَامٍ وَ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِ النَّارِ إِلَى النَّارِ وَ لَا أُبَالِي
Then He-azwj Took the Clay of Adam-as from the crust of the earth, and Scrubbed it with intense scrubbing, and thus they began as particles. And He-azwj Said to the companions of the right: “To the Paradise, and I-azwj don’t Mind!”, and Said to the companions of the Fire: “To the Fire and I-azwj don’t Mind”.
ثُمَّ أَمَرَ نَاراً فَأُسْعِرَتْ فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ ادْخُلُوهَا فَهَابُوهَا وَ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ ادْخُلُوهَا فَدَخَلُوهَا فَقَالَ كُونِي بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً فَكَانَتْ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً
Then He-azwj Commanded Fire to be set ablaze and Said to the companions of the left: “Enter it!”, but they feared it, and He-azwj Said to the companions of the right: “Enter it!”, so they entered it, and He-azwj Said: “Be cold and safe!”, and it became cold and safe.
فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ الشِّمَالِ يَا رَبِّ أَقِلْنَا فَقَالَ قَدْ أَقَلْتُكُمْ فَادْخُلُوهَا فَذَهَبُوا فَهَابُوهَا فَثَمَّ ثَبَتَتِ الطَّاعَةُ وَ الْمَعْصِيَةُ فَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ هَؤُلَاءِ أَنْ يَكُونُوا مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ وَ لَا هَؤُلَاءِ أَنْ يَكُونُوا مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ
The companions of the left said, ‘O Lord-azwj! Forgive us’. He-azwj Said: “I-azwj have Forgiven you’, and they entered it and they feared it. From then on the obedience and the disobedience was affirmed, therefore these do not have the capability to become from those, and those ones from becoming from these’’.[130]
49- سن، المحاسن عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّهِيكِيُّ عَنْ حَسَّانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ السَّبِيعِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالا كَانَ فِي بَدْءِ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ أَنْ خَلَقَ أَرْضاً وَ طِينَةً وَ فَجَّرَ مِنْهَا مَاءَهَا وَ أَجْرَى ذَلِكَ الْمَاءَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَيَالِيَهَا ثُمَّ نَضَبَ الْمَاءُ عَنْهَا
‘Al Mahasin’ – Abdullah Bin Muhammad al Naheyki, from Hasaan, from his father, from Abu Is’haq Al Sabaie,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws both having said: ‘It was in the beginning of the creation of Allah-azwj, that He-azwj Created land and clay, and burst its water from it, and Flowed that water upon the land for seven days and its nights, then Depleted the water from it.
ثُمَّ أَخَذَ مِنْ صَفْوَةِ تِلْكَ الطِّينَةِ وَ هِيَ طِينَةُ الْأَئِمَّةِ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ قَبْضَةً أُخْرَى مِنْ أَسْفَلِ تِلْكَ الطِّينَةِ وَ هِيَ طِينَةُ ذُرِّيَّةِ الْأَئِمَّةِ وَ شِيعَتِهِمْ فَلَوْ تُرِكَتْ طِينَتُكُمْ كَمَا تُرِكَ طِينَتُنَا لَكُنْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ وَ نَحْنُ شَيْئاً وَاحِداً قُلْتُ فَمَا صَنَعَ بِطِينَتِنَا
Then He-azwj Took from the cleaner of that clay, and it is the clay of the Imams-asws, then Took another Handful from the lower of that clay, and it is the clay of the offspring of the Imams-asws and their Shias. If your clay had been left just as our-asws clay was left, you and us-asws would have been one thing’. I said, ‘What happened with our clay?’
قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ أَرْضاً سَبِخَةً ثُمَّ أَجْرَى عَلَيْهَا مَاءً أُجَاجاً أَجْرَاهَا سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَيَالِيَهَا ثُمَّ نَضَبَ عَنْهَا الْمَاءُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ مِنْ صَفْوَةِ تِلْكَ الطِّينَةِ وَ هِيَ طِينَةُ أَئِمَّةِ الْكُفْرِ فَلَوْ تُرِكَتْ طِينَةُ عَدُوِّنَا كَمَا أَخَذَهَا لَمْ يَشْهَدُوا الشَّهَادَتَيْنِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَحُجُّونَ الْبَيْتَ وَ لَا يَعْتَمِرُونَ وَ لَا يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ وَ لَا يَصَّدَّقُونَ وَ لَا يَعْمَلُونَ شَيْئاً مِنْ أَعْمَالِ الْبِرِّ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created a swampy land, then Flowed upon it, the bitter water, and it flowed for seven days and its nights, then He-azwj Depleted the water from it. Then He-azwj Grabbed from the clean of that clay, and it is the clay of the imams of Kufr. If the clay of our-asws enemies had been left just as it was Taken, they would not have testified with the two testimonies that, ‘There is no god except Allah-azwj and that Muhammad-saww is Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj, and they would not have performed the Hajj of the House, nor Umrah, nor given the Zakat, nor charity, nor done anything from the righteous works’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ طِينَةَ شِيعَتِنَا وَ طِينَةَ عَدُوِّنَا فَخَلَطَهُمَا وَ عَرَكَهُمَا عَرْكَ الْأَدِيمِ ثُمَّ مَزَجَهُمَا بِالْمَاءِ ثُمَّ جَذَبَ هَذِهِ مِنْ هَذِهِ وَ قَالَ هَذِهِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ لَا أُبَالِي وَ هَذِهِ فِي النَّارِ وَ لَا أُبَالِي
Then he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Took the clay of our-asws Shias and clay of our-asws enemies and Mixed the two and Scrubbed these scrubbing the crust, then Kneaded it with the water, then Pulled this one away from this, and Said: “These ones are to be in the Paradise and I-azwj do not Mind, and these ones are to be in the Fire and I-azwj do not Mind’.
فَمَا رَأَيْتَ فِي الْمُؤْمِنِ مِنْ زَعَارَّةٍ وَ سُوءِ الْخُلُقِ وَ اكْتِسَابِ سَيِّئَاتٍ فَمِنْ تِلْكَ السَّبِخَةِ الَّتِي مَازَجَتْهُ مِنَ النَّاصِبِ وَ مَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ حُسْنِ خُلُقِ النَّاصِبِ وَ طَلَاقَةِ وَجْهِهِ وَ حُسْنِ بِشْرِهِ وَ صَوْمِهِ وَ صَلَاتِهِ فَمِنْ تِلْكَ السَّبِخَةِ الَّتِي أَصَابَتْهُ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ
Thus, whatever you see in the Momin from shamefulness, and evil manners, and acquisition of the evil deed, it is from that swampy (land) which was mingled with the Nasibi (Hostile one); and whatever you see from the good manners of the Nasibi and his goodly association, and beautiful appearance, and his Fast, and his Salat, it is from that swampy (land) which was hit from the Momin’’.[131]
50- نهج، نهج البلاغة مِنْ كَلَامٍ لَهُ رَوَى الْيَمَامِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ دِحْيَةَ قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ قَدْ ذُكِرَ عِنْدَهُ اخْتِلَافُ النَّاسِ إِنَّمَا فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمْ مَبَادِي طِينَتِهِمْ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا فِلْقَةً مِنْ سَبَخِ أَرْضٍ وَ عَذْبِهَا وَ حَزْنِ تُرْبَةٍ وَ سَهْلِهَا فَهُمْ عَلَى حَسَبِ قُرْبِ أَرْضِهِمْ يَتَقَارَبُوَن وَ عَلَى قَدْرِ اخْتِلَافِهَا يَتَفَاوَتُونَ
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ – ‘From a speech of his-asws reported by Al Yamani, from Ahmad Bin Quteyba, from Abdullah Bin Yazeed, from Mali Bin Dahiya who said,
‘We were in the presence of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws and there had been mentioned in his-asws presence, the differing of the people, he-asws said: ‘But rather, the difference between them is their clays, and that is because they split from swampy land and its fresh one, and from its rugged ground and its soft one, so they are upon a measurement of nearness of their land they are closer to, and upon a measurement of their being different from it they are separating.
فَتَامُّ الرُّوَاءِ نَاقِصُ الْعَقْلِ وَ مَادُّ الْقَامَةِ قَصِيرُ الْهِمَّةِ وَ زَاكِي الْعَمَلِ قَبِيحُ الْمَنْظَرِ وَ قَرِيبُ الْقَعْرِ بَعِيدُ السَّبْرِ وَ مَعْرُوفُ الضَّرِيبَةِ مُنْكَرُ الْجَلِيبَةِ وَ تَائِهُ الْقَلْبِ مُتَفَرِّقُ اللُّبِّ وَ طَلِيقُ اللِّسَانِ حَدِيدُ الْجَنَانِ
The one whose appearance is perfectly handsome may be lacking in intellect. The one who is tall in stature may be short in ambition. The one whose deeds seem pure may appear unpleasant to the eye. The one whose depth seems near may be difficult to truly understand. The one whose nature is well known may have unfamiliar origins. The one whose heart is wandering may have a mind that is scattered. And the one who speaks fluently may possess a sharp and courageous heart’’.[132]
51- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ رَأَيْتَ حِينَ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ الْمِيثَاقَ عَلَى الذَّرِّ فِي صُلْبِ آدَمَ فَعَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ كَانَتْ مُعَايَنَةً مِنْهُمْ لَهُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Zurara who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘What is your-asws view of when Allah-azwj Took the Covenant upon the particle in the sulb of Adam-as, and Displayed them unto Himself-azwj, was it a preview for them to Him-azwj?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا زُرَارَةُ وَ هُمْ ذَرٌّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِذَلِكَ الْمِيثَاقَ بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ لَهُ وَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ ص بِالنُّبُوَّةِ ثُمَّ كَفَلَ لَهُمْ بِالْأَرْزَاقِ وَ أَنْسَاهُمْ رُؤْيَتَهُ وَ أَثْبَتَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَعْرِفَتَهُ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, O Zurara, and they were particle in front of Him-azwj, and He-azwj Took upon them with that Covenant with the Lordship for Him-azwj, and for Muhammad-saww with the Prophet-hood, then Guaranteed them with the sustenance(s), and Made them forget their sighting Him-azwj, and Affirmed His-azwj recognition in their hearts.
فَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ اللَّهُ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا كُلَّ مَنْ أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِ الْمِيثَاقَ فَمَنْ جَحَدَ مَا أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِ الْمِيثَاقَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ ص لَمْ يَنْفَعْهُ إِقْرَارُهُ لِرَبِّهِ بِالْمِيثَاقِ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَجْحَدْ مِيثَاقَ مُحَمَّدٍ نَفَعَهُ الْمِيثَاقُ لِرَبِّهِ
Thus, there is no escape from that Allah-azwj Brings out to the world, every one whom He-azwj Took the Covenant upon, and the one who rejects the Covenant what was Taken upon him for Muhammad-saww, his acknowledgment to his Lord-azwj with the Covenant would not benefit him, and the one who does not reject Covenant of Muhammad-saww, the Covenant to his Lord-azwj would benefit him’’.[133]
52- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ فِي مُبْتَدَإِ الْخَلْقِ بَحْرَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ وَ الْآخَرُ مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ ثُمَّ خَلَقَ تُرْبَةَ آدَمَ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ الْعَذْبِ الْفُرَاتِ ثُمَّ أَجْرَاهُ عَلَى الْبَحْرِ الْأُجَاجِ فَجَعَلَهُ حَمَأً مَسْنُوناً وَ هُوَ خَلْقُ آدَمَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Amar Bin Abu Al Ahows,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Created in the beginning of the creation, two oceans – one of them fresh, sweet, and the one clay, bitter. Then He-azwj Created the soil or Adam-as from the fresh, sweet, then Made it to flow upon the bitten ocean, and Made it to be clay of matured mud, altered [15:28], and it is the creation of Adam-as.
ثُمَّ قَبَضَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ كَتِفِ آدَمَ الْأَيْمَنِ فَذَرَأَهَا فِي صُلْبِ آدَمَ فَقَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ لَا أُبَالِي ثُمَّ قَبَضَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ كَتِفِ آدَمَ الْأَيْسَرِ فَذَرَأَهَا فِي صُلْبِ آدَمَ فَقَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي النَّارِ وَ لَا أُبَالِي وَ لَا أُسْأَلُ عَمَّا أَفْعَلُ وَ لِي فِي هَؤُلَاءِ الْبَدَاءُ بَعْدُ وَ فِي هَؤُلَاءِ وَ هَؤُلَاءِ سَيُبْتَلَوْنَ
Then He-azwj Grabbed a Handful from the right shoulder of Adam-as and Made them to be as particles in the sulb of Adam-as, and He-azwj Said: “They are to be in the Paradise and I-azwj don’t Mind!”. Then He-azwj Grabbed from the left shoulder of Adam-as and Made them to be as particles in the back of Adam-as, and He-azwj Said: “They are to be in the Fire and I-azwj don’t Mind, nor will I-azwj be questioned about what I-azwj Do, and for Me-azwj regarding them is the change of Decision afterwards, and regarding them and them they would be Tried!”
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَاحْتَجَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَصْحَابُ الشِّمَالِ وَ هُمْ ذَرٌّ عَلَى خَالِقِهِمْ فَقَالُوا يَا رَبَّنَا بِمَ أَوْجَبْتَ لَنَا النَّارَ وَ أَنْتَ الْحَكَمُ الْعَدْلُ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَحْتَجَّ عَلَيْنَا وَ تَبْلُوَنَا بِالرُّسُلِ وَ تَعْلَمَ طَاعَتَنَا لَكَ وَ مَعْصِيَتَنَا
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘On that day the companions of the left argued, and they were particles, against their Creator, and they said, ‘O Lord-azwj! For what did You-azwj Obligate the Fire for us – and You-azwj are the Wise, the Just – from before You-azwj Argued against us and Tried us with the Rasools-as, and Knew of our obedience to You-azwj and our disobedience?’
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَأَنَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِالْحُجَّةِ عَلَيْكُمْ الْآنَ فِي الطَّاعَةِ وَ الْمَعْصِيَةِ وَ الْإِعْذَارِ بَعْدَ الْإِخْبَارِ
Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said: “I-azwj am Informing you all with the Argument upon you now, regarding the obedience and the disobedience, and the Caution after the News!”
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مَالِكٍ خَازِنِ النَّارِ أَنْ مُرِ النَّارَ تَشْهَقُ ثُمَّ تُخْرِجُ عُنُقاً مِنْهَا فَخَرَجَتْ لَهُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ لَهُمُ ادْخُلُوهَا طَائِعِينَ فَقَالُوا لَا نَدْخُلُهَا طَائِعِينَ ثُمَّ قَالَ ادْخُلُوهَا طَائِعِينَ أَوْ لَأُعَذِّبَنَّكُمْ بِهَا كَارِهِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّا هَرَبْنَا إِلَيْكَ مِنْهَا وَ حَاجَجْنَاكَ فِيهَا حَيْثُ أَوْجَبْتَهَا عَلَيْنَا وَ صَيَّرْتَنَا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ فَكَيْفَ نَدْخُلُهَا طَائِعِينَ وَ لَكِنِ ابْدَأْ أَصْحَابَ الْيَمِينِ فِي دُخُولِهَا كَيْ تَكُونَ قَدْ عَدَلْتَ فِينَا وَ فِيهِمْ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed unto the Angel, warden of the Fire: “Order the Fire to inhale, then bring out a neck from it!” It came out to them. Then Allah-azwj Said to them: “Enter it willingly!” They said, ‘We will not enter it willingly’. Then He-azwj Said: “Enter it willingly, or I-azwj Will Punish you with it Forcefully!” They said, ‘We flee from it to You-azwj, and we argued with You-azwj regarding it where You-azwj Obligated it upon us, and our survival from the companions of the left, so how can we enter it willingly? But, begin with the companions of the right regarding entering it (not with us), so You-azwj would have been Just regarding us and them’.
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَأَمَرَ أَصْحَابَ الْيَمِينِ وَ هُمْ ذَرٌّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ ادْخُلُوا هَذِهِ النَّارَ طَائِعِينَ قَالَ فَطَفِقُوا يَتَبَادَرُونَ فِي دُخُولِهَا فَوَلَجُوا فِيهَا جَمِيعاً فَصَيَّرَهَا اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَهُمْ مِنْهَا
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘He-azwj Commanded the companions of the right, and they were particles in front of Him-azwj, and He-azwj Said: “Enter into this Fire willingly!” They broke out competing in entering it, and they dived into it altogether, and Allah-azwj Made it to be cool and safe upon them. Then He-azwj Extracted them from it.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى نَادَى فِي أَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ وَ أَصْحَابِ الشِّمَالِ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ الْيَمِينِ بَلَى يَا رَبَّنَا نَحْنُ بَرِيَّتُكَ وَ خَلْقُكَ مُقِرِّينَ طَائِعِينَ وَ قَالَ أَصْحَابُ الشِّمَالِ بَلَى يَا رَبَّنَا نَحْنُ بَرِيَّتُكَ وَ خَلْقُكَ كَارِهِينَ
Then Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Called out among the companions of the right and companions of the left: “Am I not your Lord?” The companions of the right said, ‘Yes, O Lord-azwj! We are Your-azwj Created beings and Your-azwj creation, willing, obedient’. And the companions of the left said, ‘Yes, our Lord-azwj! We are You-azwj Created beings and Your-azwj creation, unwillingly’.
وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ وَ لَهُ أَسْلَمَ مَنْ فِي السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ طَوْعاً وَ كَرْهاً وَ إِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ قَالَ تَوْحِيدُهُمْ لِلَّهِ
And these are the Words of Allah-azwj: “And to Him submit the ones is in the skies and the earth, willingly and unwillingly, and to Him they would be returning [3:83]’. He-asws said: ‘Their professiong Oneness of Allah-azwj’’.[134]
53- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَالَ لِمَاءٍ كُنْ عَذْباً فُرَاتاً أَخْلُقْ مِنْكَ جَنَّتِي وَ أَهْلَ طَاعَتِي وَ قَالَ لِمَاءٍ كُنْ مِلْحاً أُجَاجاً أَخْلُقْ مِنْكَ نَارِي وَ أَهْلَ مَعْصِيَتِي
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Usman Bin Isa, from one of his companions,
‘From him-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Said to a water: “Be fresh, sweet, I-azwj shall Create from You-azwj My-azwj Paradise and the people obeying Me-azwj!” And Said to a water: “Be salty, bitter, I-azwj shall Create My-azwj Fire from you and the people disobeying Me-azwj!”
فَأَجْرَى الْمَاءَيْنِ عَلَى الطِّينِ ثُمَّ قَبَضَ قَبْضَةً بِهَذِهِ وَ هِيَ يَمِينٌ فَخَلَقَهُمْ خَلْقاً كَالذَّرِّ ثُمَّ أَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ وَ عَلَيْكُمْ طَاعَتِي قَالُوا بَلَى
Then He-azwj Flowed the two waters upon the clay, then Grabbed a Handful with this – and it is right – and Created them as creatures like the particles, then Made them to testify upon themselves: “Am I-azwj not your Lord-azwj and upon you is to obey Me-azwj?” They said, ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ لِلنَّارِ كُونِي نَاراً فَإِذَا نَارٌ تَأَجَّجُ وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ قَعُوا فِيهَا فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَسْرَعَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَبْطَأَ فِي السَّعْيِ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَمْ يَرِمْ مَجْلِسَهُ فَلَمَّا وَجَدُوا حَرَّهَا رَجَعُوا فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْهَا مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ
Then He-azwj Said to the Fire: “Be Fire!” And the Fire was Inflamed, and Said to them: “Fall into it!” From them was one who was quick, and from them was one who was slow in the striving, and from them was one who did not leave his seat. But, when they found its heat, they return and not even one of them entered into it.
ثُمَّ قَبَضَ قَبْضَةً بِهَذِهِ فَخَلَقَهُمْ خَلْقاً مِثْلَ الذَّرِّ مِثْلَ أُولَئِكَ ثُمَّ أَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ مِثْلَ مَا أَشْهَدَ الْآخَرِينَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ قَعُوا فِي هَذِهِ النَّارِ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَبْطَأَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَسْرَعَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ مَرَّ بِطَرْفِ الْعَيْنِ فَوَقَعُوا فِيهَا كُلُّهُمْ
Then He-azwj Grabbed a Handful with this and Created them as creatures like the particle, like those ones, then Made them testify upon themselves when the others had testified with. Then He-azwj Said to them: ‘Fall into this Fire!” From them was one who was slay, and from them was one who was quick, and from them was one who passed in the blink of an eye, and all of them fell into it.
فَقَالَ اخْرُجُوا مِنْهَا سَالِمِينَ فَخَرَجُوا لَمْ يُصِبْهُمْ شَيْءٌ وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُونَ يَا رَبَّنَا أَقِلْنَا نَفْعَلْ كَمَا فَعَلُوا قَالَ قَدْ أَقَلْتُكُمْ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَسْرَعَ فِي السَّعْيِ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَبْطَأَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَمْ يَرِمْ مَجْلِسَهُ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعُوا فِي الْمَرَّةِ الْأُولَى
He-azwj Said: “Come out from it, safely!” Then came out and nothing had hit them. And the other said, ‘O Lord-azwj! Forgive us! We will do just as they have done’. He-azwj Said: “I-azwj have Forgiven you!” From them was someone who was quick in the striving, and from them was one who was slow, and from them was one who did not move from his seat, like what they had done the first time.
فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ وَ لَوْ رُدُّوا لَعادُوا لِما نُهُوا عَنْهُ وَ إِنَّهُمْ لَكاذِبُونَ
And these are His-azwj Words: And if they were to be returned, they would repeat what they had been Forbidden from; and they (would still) be lying [6:28]’’.[135]
54- شي، تفسير العياشي خَالِدٌ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: وَ لَوْ رُدُّوا لَعادُوا لِما نُهُوا عَنْهُ إِنَّهُمْ مَلْعُونُونَ فِي الْأَصْلِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – Khalid,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘And if they were to be returned, they would repeat what they had been Forbidden from [6:28], they were Accursed ones originally’’.[136]
55- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ حُمْرَانَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ نُقَلِّبُ أَفْئِدَتَهُمْ وَ أَبْصارَهُمْ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ كَما لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا بِهِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ فَإِنَّهُ حِينَ أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمِيثَاقَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Zurara, and Humran, and Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: And We will Turn their hearts and their visions [6:110] – up to the end of the Verse. As for His-azwj Words: even as they did not believe in it the first time [6:110], it was when the Covenant was Taken upon them’’.[137]
56- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ الْحُجَّةَ عَلَى جَمِيعِ خَلْقِهِ يَوْمَ الْمِيثَاقِ هَكَذَا وَ قَبَضَ يَدَهُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Rafa’at who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam, their offspring from their foreheads [7:172]. He-asws said: ‘Yes. Allah-azwj Took the Argument upon the entirety of His-azwj creatures on the day of the Covenant like this’ – and he-asws grabbed his-asws hand’’.[138]
57- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَيْفَ أَجَابُوا وَ هُمْ ذَرٌّ قَالَ جَعَلَ فِيهِمْ مَا إِذَا سَأَلَهُمْ أَجَابُوهُ يَعْنِي فِي الْمِيثَاقِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘How did they answer and they were particles?’ He-asws said: ‘It was Made to be in them what, when they are questioned, they would answer’ – meaning regarding the Covenant’’.[139]
58- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ إِلَى قالُوا بَلى قَالَ كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ السَّلَامُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ قَالَ بَلَى
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Zurara who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam, their offspring from their foreheads – up to His-azwj Words: ‘Yes, we testify’ [7:172]. He-asws said: ‘Muhammad-saww was the first one who said: ‘Yes’.
قُلْتُ كَانَتْ رُؤْيَةَ مُعَايَنَةٍ قَالَ ثَبَتَتِ الْمَعْرِفَةُ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ أُنْسُوا ذَلِكَ الْمِيثَاقَ وَ سَيَذْكُرُونَهُ بَعْدُ وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَدْرِ أَحَدٌ مَنْ خَالِقُهُ وَ لَا مَنْ يَرْزُقُهُ
I said, ‘Was the sighting a preview?’ He-asws said: ‘The recognition was affirmed in their hearts and they forgot that Covenant and they will be remembering it afterwards, and had it not been that, no one would have known who Created him nor who sustains Him-azwj’’.[140]
59- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ فَقَالَ وَ أَبُوهُ يَسْمَعُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَبَضَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ تُرَابِ التُّرْبَةِ الَّتِي خَلَقَ مِنْهَا آدَمَ فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهَا الْمَاءَ الْعَذْبَ الْفُرَاتَ فَتَرَكَهَا أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً ثُمَّ صَبَّ عَلَيْهَا الْمَاءَ الْمَالِحَ الْأُجَاجَ فَتَرَكَهَا أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Zurara,
‘A man asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam, their offspring from their foreheads [7:172]. So, he-asws said, and his-asws father-asws was listening: ‘My-asws father-asws narrated to me-asws that Allah-azwj the Exalted Grabbed a Handful of the soil from which Adam-as was Created, and Poured the fresh, sweet water over it, and Left it for forty mornings. Then He-azwj Poured salty, bitter water over it, and Left it for forty mornings.
فَلَمَّا اخْتَمَرَتِ الطِّينَةُ أَخَذَهَا تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَعَرَكَهَا عَرْكاً شَدِيداً ثُمَّ هَكَذَا حَكَى بَسَطَ كَفَّيْهِ فَخَرَجُوا كَالذَّرِّ مِنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ شِمَالِهِ فَأَمَرَهُمْ جَمِيعاً أَنْ يَقَعُوا فِي النَّارِ فَدَخَلَ أَصْحَابُ الْيَمِينِ فَصَارَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً وَ أَبَى أَصْحَابُ الشِّمَالِ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا
When the clay was (like) dough, the Blessed and Exalted Took it and Scrubbed it with intense scrubbing, then like this’ – and he-asws extended his-asws palm – ‘they came out like the particles from its right and its left. Then He-azwj Commanded them altogether that they dive into the Fire. The companions of the right entered and it became cool and safe upon them, and the companions of the left refused to enter it’’.[141]
60- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قالُوا بَلى قُلْتُ قَالُوا بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ قَالُوا بِقُلُوبِهِمْ فَقُلْتُ وَ أَيَّ شَيْءٍ كَانُوا يَوْمَئِذٍ قَالَ صَنَعَ مِنْهُمْ مَا اكْتَفَى بِهِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: “Am I not your Lord?” They said, ‘Yes, we testify’. [7:172], I said, ‘They said it with their tongues?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, and they said with their words’. I said, ‘And which thing were they on that day?’ He-asws said: ‘It was Made for them what they could suffice with it?’’.[142]
61- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ إِلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ قَالَ أَخْرَجَ اللَّهُ مِنْ ظَهْرِ آدَمَ ذُرِّيَّتَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَخَرَجُوا كَالذَّرِّ فَعَرَّفَهُمْ نَفْسَهُ وَ أَرَاهُمْ نَفْسَهُ وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ مَا عَرَفَ أَحَدٌ رَبَّهُ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ وَ لَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Zurara who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam – up to: their own selves [7:172]. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Extracted from the back of Adam-as, his-as offspring up to the Day of Qiyamah, and they came out like the particles. Then He-azwj Introduced Himself-azwj to them, and Showed them Himself-azwj, and had it not been that, no one would recognise his Lord-azwj. And these are His-azwj Words: And if you were to ask them who created them, they would certainly say, ‘Allah’. [43:87]’’.[143]
62- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: أَتَاهُ ابْنُ الْكَوَّاءِ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى هَلْ كَلَّمَ أَحَداً مِنْ وُلْدِ آدَمَ قَبْلَ مُوسَى
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Al Asbagh Bin Nubata,
‘From Ali-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘Ibn Al Kawa came to him-asws and he said, ‘O Amir Al Momineen-asws! Inform me about Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted. Did He-azwj Speak to anyone from the children of Adam-as before Musa-as?’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ قَدْ كَلَّمَ اللَّهُ جَمِيعَ خَلْقِهِ بَرَّهُمْ وَ فَاجِرَهُمْ وَ رَدُّوا عَلَيْهِ الْجَوَابَ
Ali-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj had Spoken to the entirety of His-azwj creatures, their righteous ones and their immoral ones, and they responded the answer to Him-azwj’.
فَثَقُلَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى ابْنِ الْكَوَّاءِ وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفْهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ كَيْفَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
That was heavy upon Ibn Al-Kawa and he did not understand it, and he said to him-asws, ‘How was that, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ وَ مَا تَقْرَأُ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ إِذْ يَقُولُ لِنَبِيِّهِ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَ أَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قالُوا بَلى فَقَدْ أَسْمَعَكُمْ كَلَامَهُ وَ رَدُّوا عَلَيْهِ الْجَوَابَ كَمَا تَسْمَعُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ يَا ابْنَ الْكَوَّاءِ قالُوا بَلى
He-asws said to him: ‘Or, do you not read the Book of Allah-azwj where He-azwj is Saying to His-azwj Prophet-saww: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam, their offspring from their foreheads and Made them testify against their own selves: “Am I not your Lord?” They said, ‘Yes, we testify’. [7:172]? He-azwj had Made them hear His-azwj Speech, and they responded the answer to Him-azwj, just as you hear the Words of Allah-azwj, O Ibn Al Kawa, they said yes.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا وَ أَنَا الرَّحْمَنُ فَأَقَرُّوا لَهُ بِالطَّاعَةِ وَ الرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَ مَيَّزَ الرُّسُلَ وَ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ وَ الْأَوْصِيَاءَ وَ أَمَرَ الْخَلْقَ بِطَاعَتِهِمْ فَأَقَرُّوا بِذَلِكَ فِي الْمِيثَاقِ
He-azwj Said to them: “Me-azwj, I-azwj am Allah-azwj. There is no god except I-azwj, and I-azwj am the Beneficent!” They acknowledge to Him-azwj with the obedience and the Lordship, and He-azwj Distinguished the Rasools-as, and the Prophets-as and the succesors-as and Commanded the creatures with obeying them-as. They acknowledge with that during the Covenant.
فَقَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ عِنْدَ إِقْرَارِهِمْ بِذَلِكَ شَهِدْنا عَلَيْكُمْ يَا بَنِي آدَمَ أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هذا غافِلِينَ
The Angels said during their acknowledgment with that: ‘We bear witness upon you, O children of Adam-as, “Lest you should be saying on the Day of Qiyamah, ‘We were oblivious of this’ [7:172]’’.[144]
63- قَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الذَّرِّ وَ حَيْثُ أَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قَالُوا بَلَى وَ أَسَرَّ بَعْضُهُمْ خِلَافَ مَا أَظْهَرَ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ عَلِمُوا الْقَوْلَ حَيْثُ قِيلَ لَهُمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَعَلَ فِيهِمْ مَا إِذَا سَأَلَهُمْ أَجَابُوهُ
Abu Baseer said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Inform me about the particles, and when they were Made to testify upon themselves, “Am I not your Lord?” They said, ‘Yes, we testify’. [7:172], and some of them kept it a secret opposite to what they manifested. How did they know the words when it was Said to them: “Am I not your Lord?”?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Made to be in them what, when they were questioned, they could answer Him-azwj’’.[145]
64- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالا إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ الْخَلْقَ وَ هِيَ أَظِلَّةٌ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ مُحَمَّداً ص فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَذَّبَهُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Zurara and Humran,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws both having said: ‘Allah-azwj Created the creatures and they were shadows. Then He-azwj Send His-azwj Rasool-saww Muhammad-saww. From them was one who belied in him-saww, and from them was one who belied him-saww.
ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ فِي الْخَلْقِ الْآخَرِ فَآمَنَ بِهِ مَنْ كَانَ آمَنَ بِهِ فِي الْأَظِلَّةِ وَ جَحَدَهُ مَنْ جَحَدَ بِهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَالَ فَما كانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِما كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ
Then He-azwj Sent him-saww among creatures another time, so he believed in him-saww, the one who had believed in him-saww in the shadows, and he rejected him-saww, one who had rejected him-saww on that day. So, He-azwj Said: but they did not believe due to what they had belied with from before. [10:74]’’.[146]
65- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ ثُمَّ بَعَثْنا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ رُسُلًا إِلى قَوْمِهِمْ إِلَى بِما كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ قَالَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ الرُّسُلَ إِلَى الْخَلْقِ وَ هُمْ فِي أَصْلَابِ الرِّجَالِ وَ أَرْحَامِ النِّسَاءِ فَمَنْ صَدَّقَ حِينَئِذٍ صَدَّقَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ مَنْ كَذَّبَ حِينَئِذٍ كَذَّبَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ.
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: Then We Sent Rasools from after him to their people – up to: due to what they had belied with from before. [10:74]. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Sent the Rasools-as to the creatures, and they were in the loins of the men and wombs of the women. The one who ratified on that day, would ratify after that, and one who belied on that day, would belie after that’’.[147]
66- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى هَبَطَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ فِي ظُلَلٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ عَلَى آدَمَ وَ هُوَ بِوَادٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ الرَّوْحَاءُ وَ هُوَ وَادٍ بَيْنَ الطَّائِفِ وَ مَكَّةَ قَالَ فَمَسَحَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ آدَمَ ثُمَّ صَرَخَ بِذُرِّيَّتِهِ وَ هُمْ ذَرٌّ قَالَ فَخَرَجُوا كَمَا يَخْرُجُ النَّحْلُ مِنْ كُورِهَا فَاجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْوَادِي
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Hamza Al Sumaly,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Sent down the Angel among the shadows unto Adam-as, and he-as was in a valley called Al-Rawha, and it is a valley between Al-Taif and Makkah. He wiped upon the back of Adam, then he-as shouted with his-as offspring, and they were particles. They came out just as the bees tend to come out from their hives. They gathered upon an edge of the valley.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ لآِدَمَ انْظُرْ مَا ذَا تَرَى فَقَالَ آدَمُ أَرَى ذَرّاً كَثِيراً عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْوَادِي فَقَالَ اللَّهُ يَا آدَمُ هَؤُلَاءِ ذُرِّيَّتُكَ أَخْرَجْتُهُمْ مِنْ ظَهْرِكَ لِآخُذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمِيثَاقَ لِي بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ كَمَا آخُذُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي السَّمَاءِ
Allah-azwj Said to Adam-as: “Look! What is that you see?” Adam-as said: ‘I-as see a lot of particles upon the outskirts of the valley’. Allah-azwj Said: “O Adam-as! They are your-as offsprings. I-azwj Extracted them from your-as back to Take the Covenant upon them for Me-azwj with the Lordship, and for Muhammad-saww with the Prophet-hood, just as I-azwj Took upon them in the sky”.
قَالَ آدَمُ يَا رَبِّ وَ كَيْفَ وَسِعَتْهُمْ ظَهْرِي قَالَ اللَّهُ يَا آدَمُ بِلُطْفِ صَنِيعِي وَ نَافِذِ قُدْرَتِي قَالَ آدَمُ يَا رَبِّ فَمَا تُرِيدُ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْمِيثَاقِ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَنْ لَا يُشْرِكُوا بِي شَيْئاً
Adam-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! And how was my-as back capacious (enough) for them?’ Allah-azwj Said: ‘O Adam-as! By the subtleness of My-azwj Making and Implementation of My-azwj Power”. Adam-as said: ‘So what do You-azwj Want from them in the Covenant?’ Allah-azwj Said: ‘That they would not associate anything with Me-azwj?”
قَالَ آدَمُ فَمَنْ أَطَاعَكَ مِنْهُمْ يَا رَبِّ فَمَا جَزَاؤُهُ قَالَ أُسْكِنُهُ جَنَّتِي قَالَ آدَمُ فَمَنْ عَصَاكَ فَمَا جَزَاؤُهُ قَالَ أُسْكِنُهُ نَارِي قَالَ آدَمُ يَا رَبِّ لَقَدْ عَدَلْتَ فِيهِمْ وَ لَيَعْصِيَنَّكَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ إِنْ لَمْ تَعْصِمْهُمْ
Adam-as said: ‘So, the one from them who obeys You-azwj, O Lord-azwj, what would be his Recompense?’ He-azwj Said: “I-azwj shall Settle him in My-azwj Paradise”. Adam-as said: ‘The one who disobeys You-azwj, what would be his Recompense?’ He-azwj Said: ‘I-azwj shall Settle him into My-azwj Fire”. Adam-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj have been Just regarding them, and most of them would disobey You-azwj if You-azwj do not Protect them’’.[148]
67- كشف، كشف الغمة مِنْ كِتَابِ دَلَائِلِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ ع فَسَأَلَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ الْأَرْمَنِيُّ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ إِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَ أَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَ لَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قالُوا بَلى شَهِدْنا قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ ع ثَبَتَتِ الْمَعْرِفَةُ وَ نَسُوا ذَلِكَ الْمَوْقِفَ وَ سَيَذْكُرُونَهُ وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَدْرِ أَحَدٌ مَنْ خَالِقُهُ وَ لَا مَنْ رَازِقُهُ
‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ – From the book ‘Dalaail Al Humeyri’, from Abu Hashim Al Ja’fary who said,
‘We were in the presence of Abu Muhammad-asws, and Muhammad Bin Salih Al Armany asked him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: And when your Lord Seized from the Children of Adam, their offspring from their foreheads and Made them testify against their own selves: “Am I not your Lord?” They said, ‘Yes, we testify’. [7:172]. Abu Muhammad-asws said: ‘The recognition was affirmed and they forgot that place and they would be remembering it, and had it not been that, no one would know who his Creator is nor who his Sustainer is’.
قَالَ أَبُو هَاشِمٍ فَجَعَلْتُ أَتَعَجَّبُ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ عَظِيمِ مَا أَعْطَى اللَّهُ وَلِيَّهُ وَ جَزِيلِ مَا حَمَّلَهُ
Abu Hashim (the narrator) said, ‘I went on to be astounded within myself from the greatness of what Allah-azwj has Given His-azwj Guardian-asws and the abundance of what He-azwj has Loaded him-asws with’.
فَأَقْبَلَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ الْأَمْرُ أَعْجَبُ مِمَّا عَجِبْتَ مِنْهُ يَا أَبَا هَاشِمٍ وَ أَعْظَمُ مَا ظَنُّكَ بِقَوْمٍ مَنْ عَرَفَهُمْ عَرَفَ اللَّهَ وَ مَنْ أَنْكَرَهُمْ أَنْكَرَ اللَّهَ فَلَا مُؤْمِنَ إِلَّا وَ هُوَ بِهِمْ مُصَدِّقٌ وَ بِمَعْرِفَتِهِمْ مُوقِنٌ
Abu Muhammad-asws turned towards me and he-asws said: ‘The matter is more astounding than what you are being astounded from, O Abu Hashim, and greater! What are your thoughts with a people-asws, one who recognises them-asws recognises Allah-azwj, and one who denies them-asws denies Allah-azwj? There is no Momin except and he is ratifying with them-asws and with their-asws recognition, he is certain’’.[149]
رَوَى مُسْلِمُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ الْجُهَنِيُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ سُئِلَ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص سُئِلَ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ آدَمَ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ ظَهْرَهُ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ ذُرِّيَّةً فَقَالَ خَلَقْتُ هَؤُلَاءِ لِلْجَنَّةِ وَ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ يَعْمَلُونَ
Notes –
It is reported by Muslim Bin Yasaar Al Juheyni, ‘Umar was asked about this Verse. He said, ‘I heard Rasool-Allah-saww being asked about it. He-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Created Adam-as, then Wiped his-as back and Extracted offspring from it. He-azwj Said: “I-azwj Created them for Paradise, and they will be working the deeds of the people of Paradise!”
ثُمَّ مَسَحَ ظَهْرَهُ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ ذُرِّيَّةً فَقَالَ خَلَقْتُ هَؤُلَاءِ لِلنَّارِ وَ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ يَعْمَلُونَ
Then He I-azwj Wiped his back and Extracted offspring. He I-azwj Said: “I I-azwj have Created them for the Hellfire and they will be working the deeds of the people of Hellfire!”
فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَفِيمَ الْعَمَلُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا خَلَقَ الْعَبْدَ لِلْجَنَّةِ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ عَلَى عَمَلٍ مِنْ أَعْمَالِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَيَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ وَ إِذَا خَلَقَ الْعَبْدَ لِلنَّارِ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ عَلَى عَمَلٍ مِنْ أَعْمَالِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَيَدْخُلَ النَّارَ
A man said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! For what is the deed?’ Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When Allah Creates the servant for the Paradise, He-azwj Utilises him for the deeds of the people of Paradise until he dies upon a deed from the deeds of the people of Paradise, so he would enter the Paradise; and when He Created the servant for the Fire, He Utilises him for the deeds of the people of Hellfire until he dies upon a deed from the deeds of the people of the Fire, so he would enter the Fire’.
وَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ آدَمَ مَسَحَ ظَهْرَهُ فَسَقَطَ مِنْ ظَهْرِهِ كُلُّ نَسَمَةٍ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
And from Abu Hureyra who said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When Allah-azwj Created Adam-as, Wiped his-as back, and every person from his-as offspring up to the Day of Qiyamah fell from his-as back’.
باب 11 من لا ينجبون من الناس و محاسن الخلقة و عيوبها اللتين تؤثّران في الخلق
CHAPTER 11 – ONES WHO WILL NOT BE HIGHBORN FROM THE PEOPLE, AND PHYSICAL BEAUTIES OF THE AND THEIR FAULTS, BOTH IMPACTING IN THE PEOPLE
1- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جَنَاحٍ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سِتَّةٌ لَا يَنْجُبُونَ السِّنْدِيُّ وَ الزِّنْجِيُّ وَ التُّرْكِيُّ وَ الْكُرْدِيُّ وَ الْخُوزِيُّ وَ نَبْكُ الرَّيِّ
‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from his father, from Saeed Bin Janah,
‘Raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Six will not be highborn – Al-Sindy (people of Sind), and Al-Zanjy (Bantu speaking people), and Al-Turky (Turks), and Al-Kurdy (Kurds), and Al-Khowzy (people of Khuzestan), and high plains of Al-Rayy’’.[150]
2- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ نَصْرٍ الْكَوْسَجِ عَنْ مُطَرِّفٍ مَوْلَى مَعْنٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَا يَدْخُلُ حَلَاوَةُ الْإِيمَانِ قَلْبَ سِنْدِيٍّ وَ لَا زِنْجِيٍّ وَ لَا خُوزِيٍّ وَ لَا كُرْدِيٍّ وَ لَا بَرْبَرِيٍّ وَ لَا نَبْكِ الرَّيِّ وَ لَا مَنْ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ مِنَ الزِّنَا
‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Sahl, from Mansour, from Nasr Al Kowsaj, from Matraf, a slave of Ma’an,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The sweetness of the Eman will not enter the heart of a Sindy, nor a Zanjy, nor a Khowzy, nor a Kurdy, nor a Berbery, nor from high plains of Al-Rayy, nor one whose mother bore him from the adultery’’.[151]
3- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زُرَيْقٍ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يَا هِشَامُ النَّبَطُ لَيْسَ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَ لَا مِنَ الْعَجَمِ فَلَا تَتَّخِذْ مِنْهُمْ وَلِيّاً وَ لَا نَصِيراً فَإِنَّ لَهُمْ أُصُولًا تَدْعُو إِلَى غَيْرِ الْوَفَاءِ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Muhammad al Attar, from Al Husayn Bin Zareeq, from Hisham,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘O Hisham! The Nabatean isn’t from the Arabs, nor from the Persians, therefore neither take a friend from them nor a helper, because for them are principles calling to other than the loyalty’’.[152]
4- ل، الخصال ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْهَمْدَانِيِ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا يَنْجُبُونَ أَعْوَرُ يَمِينٍ وَ أَزْرَقُ كَالْفَصِّ وَ مُولَدُ السِّنْدِ
‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Idrees, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Hamdany, raising it to Dawood Bin Faqad,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Three would not be highborn – blind of the right (eye), and blue-eyed like the stone of a ring, and one born in Sind’’.[153]
5- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا ابْتَلَى اللَّهُ بِهِ شِيعَتَنَا فَلَنْ يَبْتَلِيَهُمْ بِأَرْبَعٍ أَنْ يَكُونُوا لِغَيْرِ رِشْدَةٍ أَوْ أَنْ يَسْأَلُوا بِأَكُفِّهِمْ أَوْ يُؤْتَوْا فِي أَدْبَارِهِمْ أَوْ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِمْ أَزْرَقُ أَخْضَرُ
‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from a number of our companions, from Ibn Asbaat, from one of his companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Whatever Allah-azwj Tries our-asws Shias with, He-azwj will never Try them with four – coming to other than the rightful guidance, or they would be begging with their palms, or to be come to in their backs (passive gays), or there should happen to be among them blue-green eyed’’.[154]
6- ل، الخصال أَبِي وَ ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: خَمْسَةٌ خُلِقُوا نَارِيِّينَ الطَّوِيلُ الذَّاهِبُ وَ الْقَصِيرُ الْقَمِيءُ وَ الْأَزْرَقُ بِخُضْرَةٍ وَ الزَّائِدُ وَ النَّاقِصُ
‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, and Ibn Al Waleed, from Muhammad al Attar, and Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Al Ashary, by his chain,
‘Raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Five have been Created as fiery (people) – the tall of the stature, and short (Small) of the eyes, and the blue with green (eyed), and the additional (extra limbs), and the deficient’’.[155]
7- ل، الخصال أَبِي وَ ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ وَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بِإِسْنَادٍ لَهُ يَرْفَعُهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مُدْمِنُ خَمْرٍ وَ لَا سِكِّيرٌ وَ لَا عَاقٌّ وَ لَا شَدِيدُ السَّوَادِ وَ لَا دَيُّوثٌ وَ لَا قَلَّاعٌ وَ هُوَ الشُّرْطِيُّ وَ لَا زَنُّوقٌ وَ هُوَ الْخُنْثَى وَ لَا خَيُّوفٌ وَ هُوَ النَّبَّاشُ وَ لَا عَشَّارٌ وَ لَا قَاطِعُ رَحِمٍ وَ لَا قَدَرِيٌّ
‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, and Ibn Al Waleed, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, and Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn by a chain of his, raising it, said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Neither will a habitual drinker of wine enter the Paradise, nor an intoxicated, nor one disloyal (to the parents), nor one intensely black, nor a pimp, nor a Qala and he is the police officer, nor a Zanouq and he is the hermaphrodite, nor a Khuyuf and he is the grave-robber, nor a tax collector, nor a severer of relationships, nor a Qadirite (Fatalist)’’.[156]
8- ل، الخصال الْقَطَّانُ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنِ ابْنِ زَكَرِيَّا الْقَطَّانِ عَنِ ابْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُهْلُولٍ عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ الضَّرِيرِ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع
‘Al Khisaal’ – Al Qatan, and Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Musa, from Ibn Zakariya Al Qatan, from Ibn Habeeb, from Ibn Bahloul, from Abu Muawiya Al Zareyr, from Al Amash, ‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws.
قَالَ ابْنُ حَبِيبٍ وَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نَاطَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُؤْمِنِ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الزِّنْجِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع
Ibn Habeeb said, ‘And it was narrated to me by Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Natawiya, from Ali Bin Abdul Momin Al Zafrany, from Muslim Bin Khalid Al Zanjy,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws.
قَالَ ابْنُ حَبِيبٍ وَ حَدَّثَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ
Ibn Habeeb said, ‘And it was narrated to me by Al Hassan Bin Sinan, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Barqy, from Muslim Bin Khalid,
عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالُوا كُلُّهُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ صِنْفاً وَ قَالَ تَمِيمٌ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ صِنْفاً مِنْ أُمَّةِ جَدِّي ص لَا يُحِبُّونَا وَ لَا يُحَبِّبُونَا إِلَى النَّاسِ وَ يُبْغِضُونَا وَ لَا يَتَوَلَّوْنَا وَ يَخْذُلُونَا وَ يُخَذِّلُونَ النَّاسَ عَنَّا فَهُمْ أَعْدَاؤُنَا حَقّاً لَهُمْ نارُ جَهَنَّمَ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابُ الْحَرِيقِ
‘From Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws, all of them said, (he-asws said): ‘Thirteen types’ – and Tameem said, (he-asws said): ‘Sixteen types from the community of my-asws grandfather will neither love us-asws nor endear us-asws to the people, and they would hate us-asws and will not befriend us-asws, and they would abandon us and forsake the people from us-asws. They are our-asws enemies, truly. For them is the Fire of Hell, and for them is the incinerating Fire’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ بَيِّنْهُمْ لِي يَا أَبَتِ وَقَاكَ اللَّهُ شَرَّهُمْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Indicate them for me, O (spiritual) father-asws, may Allah-azwj Save you (from) their evil’.
قَالَ الزَّائِدُ فِي خَلْقِهِ فَلَا تَرَى أَحَداً مِنَ النَّاسِ فِي خَلْقِهِ زِيَادَةٌ إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ لَنَا مُنَاصِباً وَ لَمْ تَجِدْهُ لَنَا مُوَالِياً
He-asws said: ‘The additional in his form (physical limbs etc.). You will not see any from the people having an addition in his (physical) form except and you will find him one hostile to us-asws, and you will not find him friendly to us-asws.
وَ النَّاقِصُ الْخَلْقِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَرَى لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلْقاً نَاقِصَ الْخِلْقَةِ إِلَّا وَجَدْتَ فِي قَلْبِهِ عَلَيْنَا غِلًّا
And the deficient of the (physical) form from the men. You will not see for the Sake of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic a people of deficient (physical) form except and you will him having malice against us-asws in his heart.
وَ الْأَعْوَرُ بِالْيَمِينِ لِلْوِلَادَةِ فَلَا تَرَى لِلَّهِ خَلْقاً وُلِدَ أَعْوَرَ الْيَمِينِ إِلَّا كَانَ لَنَا مُحَارِباً وَ لِأَعْدَائِنَا مُسَالِماً
And the blind with the right (eye) at birth. You will not see for the Sake of Allah-azwj, a person born as blind of the right (eye) except he would be at war with us-asws and peaceful with our-asws enemies.
وَ الْغِرْبِيبُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَرَى لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلْقاً غِرْبِيباً وَ هُوَ الَّذِي قَدْ طَالَ عُمُرُهُ فَلَمْ يَبْيَضَّ شَعْرُهُ وَ تَرَى لِحْيَتَهُ مِثْلَ حَنَكِ الْغُرَابِ إِلَّا كَانَ عَلَيْنَا مُؤَلِّباً وَ لِأَعْدَائِنَا مُكَاثِراً
And Al-Gharbeeb from the men. You will not see for the Sake of Allah-azwj a Gharbeeb man – and he is the one who has become very old but his hair has not whitened, and you will see his beard like the neck of the crow (black), except he would be a blocker to us-asws and a propagator for our-asws enemies.
وَ الْحُلْكُوكُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَرَى مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً إِلَّا كَانَ لَنَا شَتَّاماً وَ لِأَعْدَائِنَا مَدَّاحاً
And the intensely black from the men. You will not see anyone from them except he would be an insulter to us-asws and a praiser to our-asws enemies.
وَ الْأَقْرَعُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَرَى رَجُلًا بِهِ قَرَعٌ إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ هَمَّازاً لَمَّازاً مَشَّاءً بِالنَّمِيمَةِ عَلَيْنَا
And the baldheaded from the men. You will not see a man having baldness with him except you will find him a defamer, a slanderer, and awful with the gossip against us-asws.
وَ الْمُفَصَّصُ بِالْخُضْرَةِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَرَى مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً وَ هُمْ كَثِيرُونَ إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ يَلْقَانَا بِوَجْهٍ وَ يَسْتَدْبِرُنَا بِآخَرَ يَبْتَغِي لَنَا الْغَوَائِلَ
A lobate with the green (eyes) from the men. You will not see anyone from them – and they are a lot – and you will find him meeting us-asws with a face and turnaround from us-asws with another, seeking the corruption to us-asws.
وَ الْمَنْبُوذُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَلْقَى مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ لَنَا عَدُوّاً مُضِلًّا مُبِيناً
And the child of adultery from the men. You will meet anyone from them except and you will find him an enemy to us-asws, misleading (others) openly.
وَ الْأَبْرَصُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا تَلْقَى مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ يَرْصُدُ لَنَا الْمَرَاصِدَ وَ يَقْعُدُ لَنَا وَ لِشِيعَتِنَا مَقْعَداً لِيُضِلَّنَا بِزَعْمِهِ عَنْ سَوَاءِ السَّبِيلِ
And the one with vitiligo from the men. You will not meet anyone from them except and you will find him observing to us the observations and sitting (lying in wait) to us-asws and to our Shias sitting to mislead us by his claim, from the evil way.
وَ الْمَجْذُومُ وَ هُمْ حَصَبُ جَهَنَّمَ هُمْ لَهَا وَارِدُونَ
And the lepers, and they are the firewood/gravel of Hell. They would be returning to it.
وَ الْمَنْكُوحُ فَلَا تَرَى مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً إِلَّا وَجَدْتَهُ يَتَغَنَّى بِهِجَائِنَا وَ يُؤَلِّبُ عَلَيْنَا
And the passive gay. You will not anyone from them except and you will find him singing with satirising us-asws and stirring (people) against us-asws.
وَ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةٍ تُدْعَى سِجِسْتَانَ هُمْ لَنَا أَهْلُ عَدَاوَةٍ وَ نَصْبٍ وَ هُمْ شَرُّ الْخَلْقِ وَ الْخَلِيقَةِ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ مَا عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ هَامَانَ وَ قَارُونَ
And the people of the city called Sijistan (Sistan). They are the people of enmity and hostility towards us-asws, and they are the evils of creatures and creation. Upon them would be from the Punishment what would be upon Pharaoh-la and Haman-la and Qaroun-la.
وَ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةٍ تُدْعَى الرَّيَّ هُمْ أَعْدَاءُ اللَّهِ وَ أَعْدَاءُ رَسُولِهِ وَ أَعْدَاءُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ يَرَوْنَ حَرْبَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص جِهَاداً وَ مَالَهُمْ مَغْنَماً وَ لَهُمْ عَذَابُ الْخِزْيِ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ مُقِيمٌ
And the people of the city called Al-Rayy, they are the enemies of Allah-azwj and enemies of His-azwj Rasool-saww, and enemies of the People-asws of his-saww Household. They would be seeing battling against the People-asws of the Household of Rasool-Allah-saww as being Jihad, and their-asws wealth as was booty, and for them would be punishment, partly in the life of the world, and (partly) the Hereafter, and for them would be eternal Punishment.
وَ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةٍ تُدْعَى الْمَوْصِلَ هُمْ شَرُّ مَنْ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ
And the people of the city call Mosul (in Iraq), and they would be the evilest of the ones upon the surface of the earth.
وَ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةٍ تُسَمَّى الزَّوْرَاءَ تُبْنَى فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ يَسْتَشْفُونَ بِدِمَائِنَا وَ يَتَقَرَّبُونَ بِبُغْضِنَا يُوَالُونَ فِي عَدَاوَتِنَا وَ يَرَوْنَ حَرْبَنَا فَرْضاً وَ قِتَالَنَا حَتْماً
And the people of the city names as Al-Zoura (Baghdad), appearing at the end of times. They would be healing (their hearts) with our-asws blood, and drawing closer with ones who hate us-asws, and befriending our-asws enemies, and they would be viewing war against us-asws as an Obligation, and fighting against us-asws as inevitable.
يَا بُنَيَّ فَاحْذَرْ هَؤُلَاءِ ثُمَّ احْذَرْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَخْلُو اثْنَانِ مِنْهُمْ بِوَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ إِلَّا هَمُّوا بِقَتْلِهِ وَ اللَّفْظُ لِتَمِيمٍ مِنْ أَوَّلِ الْحَدِيثِ إِلَى آخِرِهِ
O my-asws son! Be cautious of them, then be cautious of them, for no two of them would be alone with one from your family except they would be thinking of killing him’’.[157]
9- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِالْأَسَانِيدِ الثَّلَاثَةِ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: لَا تَجِدُ فِي أَرْبَعِينَ أَصْلَعَ رَجُلَ سَوْءٍ وَ لَا تَجِدُ فِي أَرْبَعِينَ كَوْسَجاً رَجُلًا صَالِحاً وَ أَصْلَعُ سَوْءٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ كَوْسَجٍ صَالِحٍ.
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – By the three chains,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘You will not find among forty bald (receding forehead), an evil man, nor will you find among beardless one, a righteous man, and a bald (receding forehead) evil (man) is more beloved to me-asws than a righteous beardless one’’.[158]
10- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ الرَّيَّانِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ ذَرِيحٍ الْمُحَارِبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَسْأَلُ اللَّهُ عَمَّا سِوَى الْفَرِيضَةِ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَا تَقَرَّبْتُ إِلَى اللَّهِ بِشَيْءٍ سِوَاهَا قَالَ وَ لِمَ قَالَ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ قَبَّحَ خَلْقِي
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ali Al Rayan, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran, from Abdul Rahman Bin Hamad, from Zareeh Al Maharby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A man came to the Prophet-saww and he said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Will Allah-azwj Ask about what is besides the Obligations?’ He-saww said: ‘No’. He said, ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent you-saww with the Truth, I will not draw closer to Allah-azwj with anything besides these!’ He-saww said: ‘And why?’ He said, ‘Because Allah-azwj Created me ugly!’
قَالَ فَأَمْسَكَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ نَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ رَبُّكَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ أَقْرِئْ عَبْدِي فُلَاناً السَّلَامَ وَ قُلْ لَهُ أَ مَا تَرْضَى أَنْ أَبْعَثَكَ غَداً فِي الْآمِنِينَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘The Prophet-saww waited and Jibraeel-as descended unto him-saww and he-as said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Your-saww Lord-azwj Conveys the Greetings and is Saying: “Convey the greetings to My-azwj so and so servant and say to him: ‘Are you not pleased that I-azwj would be Resurrecting you tomorrow among the secured ones?’’
فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ قَدْ ذَكَرَنِيَ اللَّهُ عِنْدَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَا بَقِيَ شَيْءٌ يُتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ إِلَى اللَّهِ إِلَّا تَقَرَّبْتُ بِهِ
He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And Allah-azwj Mentioned me in His-azwj Presence?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent you-saww with the Truth! There will not remain anything one can draw closer with it to Allah-azwj except and I shall draw closer with it’’.[159]
11- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ حَمَّادٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ نَرَى الْخَصِيَّ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَفِيفاً لَهُ عِبَادَةٌ وَ لَا نَكَادُ نَرَاهُ إِلَّا فَظّاً غَلِيظاً سَفِيهَ الْغَضَبِ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَزْنِي
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Hamad who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! We see the eunuch from our companions having virtue for him of worship, and we hardly see him as rude, angry with furious anger!’ He-asws said: ‘But rather, that is because he does not commit adultery’’.[160]
12- ع، علل الشرائع بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ رَفَعَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْخَصِيِّ فَقَالَ لِمَ تَسْأَلُ عَمَّنْ لَمْ يَلِدْهُ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَلِدُ مُؤْمِناً
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – By this chain, from Al Barqy,
‘Raising the Hadeeth to Abu Abdullah-asws having been asked about the eunuch, so he-asws said: ‘Do not ask about the one who would not beget a Momin nor was he born a Momin’.[161]
13- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَشِيشٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ اللُّؤْلُؤِيِّ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ تَوْبَةَ الْعَنْبَرِيِّ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْوَجْهِ الْمِلَاحِ وَ الْحَدَقِ السُّودِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَسْتَحْيِي أَنْ يُعَذِّبَ الْوَجْهَ الْمَلِيحَ بِالنَّارِ.
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi’ – Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Hasheesh, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Abdul Wahab, from Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Al Lului, from Sha’ba, from Towbat Al Anbary, from Anas Bin Malik (well-known fabricator) who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Upon you is with the handsome face, and the gaping at the black (face), for Allah-azwj is Embarrassed from Punishing the handsome face with the Fire’’.[162]
14- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ مَا حَسَّنَ اللَّهُ خَلْقَ عَبْدٍ وَ لَا خُلُقَهُ إِلَّا اسْتَحْيَا أَنْ يُطْعِمَ لَحْمَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ النَّارَ
‘Sawab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Ali, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Amro, from Musa Bin Ibrahim,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st, he (the narrator) said, ‘I head him-asws saying: ‘Allah-azwj does not Create a servant beautiful, nor his form, except He-azwj would be Embarrassed from Feeding his flesh to the Fire on the Day of Qiyamah’’.[163]
15- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ طَلْحَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قَالَ أَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ كَانَ لَهُ صُورَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ مَعَ مَوْضِعٍ لَا يَشِينُهُ ثُمَّ تَوَاضَعَ لِلَّهِ كَانَ مِنْ خَالِصَةِ اللَّهِ
From the book of Haseen Bin Saeed – One of our companions, from Hanan Bin Sadeyr, from Muhammad Bin Talha, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Whichever servant had a handsome face for him along with not distortion in a place, then he humbles to Allah-azwj, would be from the ones sincere (with) Allah-azwj’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ مَا مَوْضِعٌ لَا يَشِينُهُ قَالَ لَا يَكُونُ ضُرِبَ فِيهِ سِفَاحٌ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘What is a place of no distortion?’ He-asws said: ‘There does not happen to be an injury wherein is blood’’.[164]
باب 12 علة عذاب الاستيصال و حال ولد الزنا و علة اختلاف أحوال الخلق
CHAPTER 12 – REASON FOR THE ERADICATING PUNISHMENT, AND STATE OF THE SON OF ADULTERY, AND REASON FOR THE DIFFERENT STATES OF THE PEOPLE
الآيات الأنفال وَ اتَّقُوا فِتْنَةً لا تُصِيبَنَّ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْكُمْ خَاصَّةً وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقابِ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Anfal: And fear a Fitna (strife) which may not affect (only) those of you who are unjust in particular; and know that Allah is Severe of the Punishment [8:25]
حمعسق وَ لَوْ بَسَطَ اللَّهُ الرِّزْقَ لِعِبادِهِ لَبَغَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ لكِنْ يُنَزِّلُ بِقَدَرٍ ما يَشاءُ إِنَّهُ بِعِبادِهِ خَبِيرٌ بَصِيرٌ
(Surah) Al Shura: And if Allah was to Amplify the sustenance to His servants, they would rebel in the land. But, He Sends down in a measurement what He so Desires to. He is Aware, Insightful with His servants [42:27]
الزخرف أَ هُمْ يَقْسِمُونَ رَحْمَتَ رَبِّكَ نَحْنُ قَسَمْنا بَيْنَهُمْ مَعِيشَتَهُمْ فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا وَ رَفَعْنا بَعْضَهُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ دَرَجاتٍ لِيَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً سُخْرِيًّا وَ رَحْمَتُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا يَجْمَعُونَ
(Surah) Al Zukhruf: Are they distributing the Mercy of your Lord? We Distribute their livelihoods between them in the life of the world, and We Raised some of them above the others in rank in order for some of them to take others in subjection, and the mercy of your Lord is better than what they are amassing [43:32]
وَ لَوْ لا أَنْ يَكُونَ النَّاسُ أُمَّةً واحِدَةً لَجَعَلْنا لِمَنْ يَكْفُرُ بِالرَّحْمنِ لِبُيُوتِهِمْ سُقُفاً مِنْ فِضَّةٍ وَ مَعارِجَ عَلَيْها يَظْهَرُونَ
And had it not been that the people might become one community, we would have Made for the ones who commit Kufr with the Beneficent to have silver roofs for their houses, and stairs to ascend upon [43:33]
وَ لِبُيُوتِهِمْ أَبْواباً وَ سُرُراً عَلَيْها يَتَّكِؤُنَ
And doors to be for their houses and couches for them to be reclining upon [43:34]
وَ زُخْرُفاً وَ إِنْ كُلُّ ذلِكَ لَمَّا مَتاعُ الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا وَ الْآخِرَةُ عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ
And (other) decorations, and although all of that is for ones who enjoy the life of the world, and the Hereafter in the Presence of your Lord is for the pious ones [43:35]
1- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْهَمَدَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْهَرَوِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ أَغْرَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الدُّنْيَا كُلَّهَا فِي زَمَنِ نُوحٍ ع وَ فِيهِمُ الْأَطْفَالُ وَ فِيهِمْ مَنْ لَا ذَنْبَ لَهُ
‘Ial Al Sharaie’ – Al Hamdany, from Ali, from his father, from Al Harwy,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘For which reason did Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Drown the world, all of it, during the era of Noah-as, and among them were children, and among them was one who had not sin to him?’
فَقَالَ ع مَا كَانَ فِيهِمُ الْأَطْفَالُ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَعْقَمَ أَصْلَابَ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ ع وَ أَرْحَامَ نِسَائِهِمْ أَرْبَعِينَ عَاماً فَانْقَطَعَ نَسْلُهُمْ فَغَرِقُوا وَ لَا طِفْلَ فِيهِمْ وَ مَا كَانَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِيَهْلِكَ بِعَذَابِهِ مَنْ لَا ذَنْبَ لَهُ
He-asws said: ‘There were no children among them, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Stopped the loins of the people of Noah-as and the wombs of the women for forty years, and Cut of their lineages, and they drowned and there were not children among them, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic was not going to destroy with His-azwj Punishment one who has no sin to him.
وَ أَمَّا الْبَاقُونَ مِنْ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ ع فَأُغْرِقُوا لِتَكْذِيبِهِمْ لِنَبِيِّ اللَّهِ نُوحٍ ع وَ سَائِرُهُمْ أُغْرِقُوا بِرِضَاهُمْ بِتَكْذِيبِ الْمُكَذِّبِينَ وَ مَنْ غَابَ مِنْ أَمْرٍ فَرَضِيَ بِهِ كَانَ كَمَنْ شَهِدَهُ وَ أَتَاه
And as for the remainder from the people of Noah-as, they drowned due to their belying the Prophet-as of Allah-azwj Noah-as, and the rest of them drowned due to their agreeing with the belying of the beliers; and the one who is absent from a matter and he is in agreement with it, would be like the one who was present and came to it’’.[165]
2- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ رَأَيْتَ نُوحاً ع حِينَ دَعَا عَلَى قَوْمِهِ فَقَالَ رَبِّ لا تَذَرْ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مِنَ الْكافِرِينَ دَيَّاراً إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَذَرْهُمْ يُضِلُّوا عِبادَكَ وَ لا يَلِدُوا إِلَّا فاجِراً كَفَّاراً
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Hanan Bin Sadeyr, from his father who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘What is your-asws view of Noah-as where he-as supplicated against his-as people, and he-as said: And Nuh said: ‘My Lord! Do not leave upon the earth any dwelling of the Kafirs [71:26] Surely, if You were to leave them, they would stray Your servants, and they will not beget any except immoral ones, Kafirs [71:27]?’
قَالَ ع عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَنْجُبُ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ أَحَدٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ عَلِمَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لَنْ يُؤْمِنَ مِنْ قَوْمِكَ إِلَّا مَنْ قَدْ آمَنَ فَعِنْدَ هَذَا دَعَا عَلَيْهِمْ بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘He-as knew that no one from between them would be highborn’. I said, ‘And how did he-as know that?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj had Revealed unto him-as: “Surely your people will never believe except for the one who have already believed, [11:36], thus, at this, he-as supplicated against them with this supplication’’.[166]
3- ع، علل الشرائع طَاهِرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ الْهَرَوِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُهَاجِرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ صَدَقَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص عَنْ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع قَالَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى مَنْ أَهَانَ لِي وَلِيّاً فَقَدْ بَارَزَنِي بِالْمُحَارَبَةِ وَ مَا تَرَدَّدْتُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ أَنَا فَاعِلُهُ مَا تَرَدَّدْتُ فِي قَبْضِ نَفْسِ الْمُؤْمِنِ يَكْرَهُ الْمَوْتَ وَ أَكْرَهُ مَسَاءَتَهُ وَ لَا بُدَّ مِنْهُ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Tahir Bin Muhammad Bin Yunus, from Muhammad Bin Usman Al Harwy, from Al Hassan Bin Muhajir, from Hisham Bin Khalid, from Al Hassan Bin Yahya, from Sadaqa Bin Abdullah, from Hisham Bin Anas,
‘From the Prophet-saww, from Jibraeel-as having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said: “One who belittles a Guardian-asws to Me-azwj so he has duelled Me-azwj with the battle, and I-azwj do not hesitate from anything I-azwj Do like My-azwj Hesitation in the capturing a soul of the Momin. He dislikes death and I-azwj Dislike Disappointing him and there is no escape from it.
وَ مَا يَتَقَرَّبُ إِلَيَّ عَبْدِي بِمِثْلِ أَدَاءِ مَا افْتَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا يَزَالُ عَبْدِي يَبْتَهِلُ إِلَيَ حَتَّى أُحِبَّهُ وَ مَنْ أَحْبَبْتُهُ كُنْتُ لَهُ سَمْعاً وَ بَصَراً وَ يَداً وَ مَوْئِلًا إِنْ دَعَانِي أَجَبْتُهُ وَ إِنْ سَأَلَنِي أَعْطَيْتُهُ وَ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِيَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَمَنْ يُرِيدُ الْبَابَ مِنَ الْعِبَادَةِ فَأَكُفُّهُ عَنْهُ لِئَلَّا يَدْخُلَهُ عُجْبٌ فَيُفْسِدَهُ
And My-azwj servant will not draw closer to Me-azwj with the like of what I-azwj have Obligated upon him, nor will My-azwj servant will not cease to supplicate to Me-azwj until I-azwj (end up) Loving him, and one I-azwj Love I-azwj would be Hearing and Seeing and Assisting and a Shelter for him. If he supplicates to Me-azwj, I-azwj will Answer him, and if he asks Me-azwj I-azwj will Give it.
وَ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِيَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَمَنْ لَا يَصْلُحُ إِيمَانُهُ إِلَّا بِالْفَقْرِ وَ لَوْ أَغْنَيْتُهُ لَأَفْسَدَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِيَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَمَنْ لَا يَصْلُحُ إِيمَانُهُ إِلَّا بِالْغِنَى وَ لَوْ أَفْقَرْتُهُ لَأَفْسَدَهُ ذَلِكَ
And that, from My-azwj Momineen servants is one who wants the door from the worship, so I-azwj Put him down from it, lest self-conceit enters him and corrupts him; and that from My-azwj Momineen servants is one whose Eman is not correct except with the poverty, and if I-azwj were to Enrich him, that would corrupt him; and that from My-azwj Momineen is one whose Eman is not correct except with the riches, and if I-azwj were to Impoverish him, that would corrupt him.
وَ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِيَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَمَنْ لَا يَصْلُحُ إِيمَانُهُ إِلَّا بِالسُّقْمِ وَ لَوْ صَحَّحْتُ جِسْمَهُ لَأَفْسَدَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِيَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَمَنْ لَا يَصْلُحُ إِيمَانُهُ إِلَّا بِالصِّحَّةِ وَ لَوْ أَسْقَمْتُهُ لَأَفْسَدَهُ ذَلِكَ إِنِّي أُدَبِّرُ عِبَادِي بِعِلْمِي بِقُلُوبِهِمْ فَإِنِّي عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ
And that from My-azwj Momineen servants is one whose Eman is not correct except by the sickness, and if I-azwj were to Make his body healthy, that would corrupt him; and that from My-azwj Momineen servants is one whose Eman is not correct except with the health and if I-azwj were to Make him sick, that would corrupt him. I-azwj Manage My-azwj servants with My-azwj Knowledge of their hearts, for I-azwj am All-Knowing, Informed!”’.[167]
4- ع، علل الشرائع أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْجَلَّابِ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ الْجَنَّةَ طَاهِرَةً مُطَهَّرَةً فَلَا يَدْخُلُهَا إِلَّا مَنْ طَابَتْ وِلَادَتُهُ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl, from Sa’ad Bin Umar Al Jalab who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said to me: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created the Paradise clean Purified, therefore one would enter it except one of good birth’.
وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع طُوبَى لِمَنْ كَانَتْ أُمُّهُ عَفِيفَةً
And Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Beatitude is for one who mother was chaste’’.[168]
5- ع، علل الشرائع بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الدَّيْلَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: يَقُولُ وَلَدُ الزِّنَا يَا رَبِّ مَا ذَنْبِي فَمَا كَانَ لِي فِي أَمْرِي صُنْعٌ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – By this chain, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman Al Daylami, from his father,
‘Raising the Hadeeth to Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The child of adultery would be saying, ‘O Lord-azwj! What is my sin? There was no making of mine in my affair!’
قَالَ فَيُنَادِيهِ مُنَادٍ فَيَقُولُ أَنْتَ شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ أَذْنَبَ وَالِدَاكَ فَتُبْتَ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ أَنْتَ رِجْسٌ وَ لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا طَاهِرٌ
He-asws said: ‘A Caller would call out to him and he would be saying: ‘You are the evilest of the three. Your parents sinned, so you repented upon the, and you are unclean, and he will never enter the Paradise except a clean one’’.[169]
6- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ لَا خَيْرَ فِي وَلَدِ الزِّنَا وَ لَا فِي بَشَرِهِ وَ لَا فِي شَعْرِهِ وَ لَا فِي لَحْمِهِ وَ لَا فِي دَمِهِ وَ لَا فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ يَعْنِي وَلَدَ الزِّنَا.
‘Sawab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Barqy, from his father, from his grandfather Ahmad, form his father, from Ibn Fazal, from Ibn Bakeyr, from Zurara who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘There is no good in a child of adultery, nor in his skin, nor in his hair, nor in his flesh, nor in his blood, nor in anything from him’’.[170]
7- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَائِذٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَوْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا نَجَا نَجَا سَائِحُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَ مَا سَائِحُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالَ كَانَ عَابِداً فَقِيلَ لَهُ إِنَّ وَلَدَ الزِّنَا لَا يَطِيبُ أَبَداً وَ لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ عَمَلًا قَالَ فَخَرَجَ يَسِيحُ بَيْنَ الْجِبَالِ وَ يَقُولُ مَا ذَنْبِي
‘Sawab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from Al Washa, from Ahmad bin Aiz, from Abu Khadeeja,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘If anyone from the children of adultery were to attain salvation, the traveller of the children of Israel would attain salvation’. It was said to him-asws, ‘And what is ‘traveller of the children of Israel’?’ He-asws said: ‘He was a worshipper, and it was said to him, ‘A child of adultery will not be good, ever, nor will Allah-azwj Accept a deed from him’. So, he went out shrieking between the mountains and saying: ‘What is my sin?’’[171]
8- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ قَالَ عُزَيْرٌ يَا رَبِّ إِنِّي نَظَرْتُ فِي جَمِيعِ أُمُورِكَ وَ أَحْكَامِهَا فَعَرَفْتُ عَدْلَكَ بِعَقْلِي وَ بَقِيَ بَابٌ لَمْ أَعْرِفْهُ إِنَّكَ تَسْخَطُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَلِيَّةِ فَتَعُمُّهُمْ بِعَذَابِكَ وَ فِيهِمُ الْأَطْفَالُ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al Sadouq, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Shazan, from his father, from Muhammad Ibn Ziyad, from Aban Bin Usman, from Aban Bin Taglub, from Ikramah, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Uzair-as said, ‘O Lord-azwj! I-as looked into the entirety of my affairs and its ordinances and I-as recognised Your-azwj Justice with my intellect, and there remains a subject I-as do not understand – You-azwj would be Angry upon the people of the affliction and Make them taste You-azwj Punishment, and among them would be children!’
فَأَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَنْ يَخْرُجَ إِلَى الْبَرِّيَّةِ وَ كَانَ الْحَرُّ شَدِيداً فَرَأَى شَجَرَةً فَاسْتَظَلَّ بِهَا وَ نَامَ فَجَاءَتْ نَمْلَةٌ فَقَرَصَتْهُ فَدَلَكَ الْأَرْضَ بِرِجْلِهِ فَقَتَلَ مِنَ النَّمْلِ كَثِيراً فَعَرَفَ أَنَّهُ مَثَلٌ ضُرِبَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا عُزَيْرُ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ إِذَا اسْتَحَقُّوا عَذَابِي قَدَّرْتُ نُزُولَهُ عِنْدَ انْقِضَاءِ آجَالِ الْأَطْفَالِ فَمَاتُوا أُولَئِكَ بِآجَالِهِمْ وَ هَلَكَ هَؤُلَاءِ بِعَذَابِي
Allah-azwj the Exalted Commanded that he-as goes out to the land and it was severely hot, and he-as saw a tree, so he-as took with its shade and slept. Then, ants came, and he-as scratched the ground with his leg and killed a lot of ants, and he-as recognised it is like a strike. He-azwj Said to him: “O Uzair-as! The people, when they are deserving of My-azwj Punishment, I-azwj Ordain its descent during the expiry to the terms of the children, so they die due to their terms (expiring), and they die due to My-azwj Punishment’’.[172]
9- سن، المحاسن الْحَجَّالُ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مَعْمَرِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ الْكَابُلِيِّ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يَقُولُ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مَنْ خَلَصَ مِنْ آدَمَ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Al Hajaal, from Hamad Bin Usman, from Mo’mar Bin Yahya, from Abu Khalis Al Kabily,
‘He heard Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws saying: ‘None would enter the Paradise except one who is pure from Adam-as’’.[173]
10 سن، المحاسن الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ ضُرَيْسٍ الْوَابِشِيِ عَنْ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع مَنْ طَهُرَتْ وِلَادَتُهُ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from his grandfather Al Hassan, from Zareys Al Wabishy, from Sudeyr who said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘One whose birth is clean would enter the Paradise’’.[174]
11- سن، المحاسن الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: خَلَقَ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ طَاهِرَةً مُطَهَّرَةً لَا يَدْخُلُهَا إِلَّا مَنْ طَابَتْ وِلَادَتُهُ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from his grandfather Al Hassan, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Created the Paradise clean, Purified; none would enter it except one whose birth is good’’.[175]
12- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ حُرٍّ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَهُ وَ مَعَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَجْلَانَ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَجْلَانَ مَعَنَا رَجُلٌ يَعْرِفُ مَا نَعْرِفُ وَ يُقَالُ إِنَّهُ وَلَدُ زِنَاءٍ فَقَالَ مَا تَقُولُ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَيُقَالُ لَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ كَذَلِكَ بُنِيَ لَهُ بَيْتٌ فِي النَّارِ مِنْ صَدْرٍ يَرُدُّ عَنْهُ وَهَجَ جَهَنَّمَ وَ يُؤْتَى بِرِزْقِهِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Al Nazar, from Yahya Al Halby, from Ayoub Bin Hurr, from Abu Bakr who said,
‘We were in his-asws presence and with us was Abdullah Bin Ajlan, and Abdullah Bin Ajlan said, ‘There is a man with us recognising what we recognise (Wilayah), and it is said, ‘He is a child of adultery’. He-asws said: ‘What are you saying?’ I said, ‘That is said for him’. He-asws said: ‘If that was like that, a house would be built for him in the Fire from the beginning (forefront). The glare of Hell would be returned from him, and he would be Given his sustenance’’.[176] (P.s. – this is assumed to be a Hadeeth)
13- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ هَاشِمٍ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ نُوحاً حَمَلَ فِي السَّفِينَةِ الْكَلْبَ وَ الْخِنْزِيرَ وَ لَمْ يَحْمِلْ فِيهَا وَلَدَ الزِّنَا وَ إِنَّ النَّاصِبَ شَرٌّ مِنْ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Hamza Bin Abdullah, from Hashim Abu Saeed Al Ansary, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Noah-as carried in the ship, the dog and the pig, and did not carry in it the children of adultery, and that the Nasibi (Hostile one) is the evilest of the children of adultery’’.[177]
14- كا، الكافي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ وَلَدَ الزِّنَا يُسْتَعْمَلُ إِنْ عَمِلَ خَيْراً جُزِيَ بِهِ وَ إِنْ عَمِلَ شَرّاً جُزِيَ بِهِ
‘Al Kafi’ – Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Al Moala, from Al Washa, from Aban, from Ibn Abu Yafour who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘A child of adultery is utilised. If he works good, he would be Recompensed for it, and if he works evil, he would be recompensed for it’’.[178]
باب 13 الأطفال و من لم يتم عليهم الحجة في الدنيا
CHAPTER 13 – THE CHILDREN AND THE ONES WHOM THE PROOF WAS NOT COMPLETED UPON IN THE WORLD
الآيات الطور وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ اتَّبَعَتْهُمْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُمْ بِإِيمانٍ أَلْحَقْنا بِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَ ما أَلَتْناهُمْ مِنْ عَمَلِهِمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Toor: And those who believe and their offspring follow them with Eman, We will Unite their offspring to be with them and We will not Deprive them of anything from their deeds [52:21]
Notes –
وَ رَوَى زَاذَانُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ أَوْلَادَهُمْ فِي الْجَنَّةِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ
And it is reported by Zazan from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The believers, their children would be in the Paradise’. Then he-saww recited this Verse.
وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: أَطْفَالُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يُهْدَوْنَ إِلَى آبَائِهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
And it is reported from Al Sadiq having said: ‘Children of the believers will be guided to their fathers on the Day of Qiyamah’.
1- فس، تفسير القمي قَوْلُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ اتَّبَعَتْهُمْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُمْ بِإِيمانٍ أَلْحَقْنا بِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الدَّيْلَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَطْفَالَ شِيعَتِنَا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تُرَبِّيهِمْ فَاطِمَةُ ع
‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – It was narrated to me by my father, from Suleyman Al Daylami, from Abu baser,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said (regarding) His-azwj Words: ‘And those who believe and their offspring follow them with Eman, We will Unite their offspring to be with them [52:21]. The children of our-asws Shias from the Momineen, Fatima-asws would nourish them’.
قَوْلُهُ أَلْحَقْنا بِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ قَالَ يُهْدَوْنَ إِلَى آبَائِهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
His-azwj Words: We will Unite their offspring to be with them [52:21], he-asws said: ‘They would be guided to their fathers on the Day of Qiyamah’’.[179]
2- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ احْتَجَّ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى خَمْسَةٍ عَلَى الطِّفْلِ وَ الَّذِي مَاتَ بَيْنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ الَّذِي أَدْرَكَ النَّبِيَّ وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْقِلُ وَ الْأَبْلَهِ وَ الْمَجْنُونِ الَّذِي لَا يَعْقِلُ وَ الْأَصَمِّ وَ الْأَبْكَمِ فَكُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ يَحْتَجُّ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ash’ary, from Ali Bin Ismail, from Hamad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Argue upon five – Upon the child, and the one who died between the (lifetimes) of two Prophets-as, and the one who met the Prophet-as and was not of understanding, and the weak of understanding, and the insane who could not understand, and the deaf and the dumb, and each one of them would argue against Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
قَالَ فَيَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولًا فَيُؤَجِّجُ لَهُمْ نَاراً فَيَقُولُ لَهُمْ رَبُّكُمْ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَثِبُوا فِيهَا فَمَنْ وَثَبَ فِيهَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً وَ مَنْ عَصَى سِيقَ إِلَى النَّارِ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj would Send a Rasool-as to them and He-azwj would Inflame Fire for them, and he-as would be saying to them: ‘Your Lord-azwj Commands you that you leap into it’. The one who leaps into it, it would be cool and safe upon him, and one who disobeys, would be driven into the Fire’’.[180]
3- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع هَلْ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ الْأَطْفَالِ فَقَالَ قَدْ سُئِلَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا عَامِلِينَ
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Hamad, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘Was Rasool-Allah-azwj asked about the children?’ He-asws said: ‘He-saww had been asked, and he-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj is more Knowing of what would have been doing’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا زُرَارَةُ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا قَوْلُهُ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا عَامِلِينَ قُلْتُ لَا
Then he-asws said: ‘O Zurara! Do you know what his-saww words: ‘Allah-azwj is more Knowing of what would have been doing’?’ I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهِمُ الْمَشِيَّةُ إِنَّهُ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ أُتِيَ بِالْأَطْفَالِ وَ الشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ الَّذِي قَدْ أَدْرَكَ السِّنَ وَ لَمْ يَعْقِلْ مِنَ الْكِبَرِ وَ الْخَرَفِ وَ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِي الْفَتْرَةِ بَيْنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ الْمَجْنُونِ وَ الْأَبْلَهِ الَّذِي لَا يَعْقِلُ
He-asws said: ‘For Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic there is the Desire regarding them. When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, they will come with the children, and the old man had come of age and did not understand due to old age and the dementia, and the one who died during the period between the two Prophets-as, and the insane, and the weak of understanding who could not understand.
فَكُلُّ وَاحِدٍ يَحْتَجُّ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَيَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِمْ مَلَكاً مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ يُؤَجِّجُ نَاراً فَيَقُولُ إِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَثِبُوا فِيهَا فَمَنْ وَثَبَ فِيهَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً وَ مَنْ عَصَاهُ سِيقَ إِلَى النَّارِ
Each one would argue against Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, so Allah-azwj the Exalted would Send to them an Angel from the Angels and would Inflame the Fire, and he would be saying, ‘Your Lord-azwj Commands you that you should leap into it’. So, the one who leaps into it, it would be cool and safe upon him, and one who disobeys Him-azwj would be ushered to the Fire’’.[181]
4- غط، الغيبة للشيخ الطوسي ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: حَقِيقٌ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَنْ يُدْخِلَ الضُّلَّالَ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَالَ زُرَارَةُ كَيْفَ ذَلِكَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ يَمُوتُ النَّاطِقُ وَ لَا يَنْطِقُ الصَّامِتُ فَيَمُوتُ الْمَرْءُ بَيْنَهُمَا فَيُدْخِلُهُ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ
‘Al Ghayba’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Jameel Bin Darraj, from Zurara,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘It is an obligation upon Allah-azwj that He-azwj Enter the straying one to the Paradise’. Zurara said, ‘How is that, may I be sacrificed for you-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘The speaking one died and the silent one had not spoken, and the person died between the two, so Allah-azwj would Enter him into the Paradise’’.[182]
5- كنز، كنز جامع الفوائد و تأويل الآيات الظاهرة قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى يَطُوفُ عَلَيْهِمْ وِلْدانٌ مُخَلَّدُونَ- عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ الْوِلْدَانُ أَوْلَادُ أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ حَسَنَاتٌ فَيُثَابُونَ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَا سَيِّئَاتٌ فَيُعَاقَبُونَ عَلَيْهَا فَأُنْزِلُوا هَذِهِ الْمَنْزِلَةَ
‘Kanz’ of Al Karajaki –
‘The Words of the Exalted: Circling around them would be eternal youths [56:17], from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘The eternal youths are the children of the people of the world. There did not happen to be any good deeds for them they could be Rewarded upon, nor any evil deeds they could be Punished upon, so they went down to this status’’.[183]
6- وَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ أَطْفَالِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَالَ خَدَمُ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ عَلَى صُورَةِ الْوِلْدَانِ خُلِقُوا لِخِدْمَةِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ
And from the Prophet-saww having been asked about the children of the Polytheists, so he-saww said: ‘Servants of the people of the Paradise upon an image of the youths Created for serving the people of the Paradise’’.[184]
7- يد، التوحيد الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ ضُرَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ هَارُونَ الْكَرْخِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَلَّامِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقُلْتُ أَخْبِرْنِي أَ يُعَذِّبُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلْقاً بِلَا حُجَّةٍ قَالَ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ قُلْتُ فَأَوْلَادُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ أَمْ فِي النَّارِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَوْلَى بِهِمْ إِنَّهُ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ
‘Al Tawheed’ – Al Husayn Bin Yahya Bin Zareys, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Amara Al Sakry, from Ibrahim Bin Aasim, from Abdullah Bin Haroun Al Karkhy, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah Bin Yazeed, from his father Yazeed Bin Salaam, from his father Salaam Bin Ubeydullah, from his brother Abdullah Bin Salaam,
‘A slave of Rasool-Allah-saww who said, ‘I asked Rasool-Allah-saww, ‘Inform me, does Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic people without a Proof?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Forbid!’ I said, ‘Would the children of the Polytheists be in the Paradise or in the Fire?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted is Foremost with them. When it will be the Day of Qiyamah’ – and the gist of the Hadeeth up to the point he-asws said –
فَيَأْمُرُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ نَاراً يُقَالُ لَهُ الْفَلَقُ أَشَدَّ شَيْءٍ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ عَذَاباً فَتَخْرُجُ مِنْ مَكَانِهَا سَوْدَاءَ مُظْلِمَةً بِالسَّلَاسِلِ وَ الْأَغْلَالِ فَيَأْمُرُهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ تَنْفُخَ فِي وُجُوهِ الْخَلَائِقِ نَفْخَةً فَتَنْفُخُ فَمِنْ شِدَّةِ نَفْخَتِهَا تَنْقَطِعُ السَّمَاءُ وَ تَنْطَمِسُ النُّجُومُ وَ تَجْمُدُ الْبِحَارُ وَ تَزُولُ الْجِبَالُ وَ تُظْلِمُ الْأَبْصَارُ وَ تَضَعُ الْحَوَامِلُ حَمْلَهَا وَ تَشِيبُ الْوِلْدَانُ مِنْ هَوْلِهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
‘Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Command a Fire called Al-Falaq, the severest thing in the Fire of Hell as Punishment, so it would come out from its place as dark black with the chains and the shackles. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Command it to blow into the faces of the creatures with a puff, so it would puff, and from the intensity of its puffing the sky would be rent asunder, and the stars would be effaced, and the oceans would solidify, and the mountains would collapse, and the visions would be obscured, and the pregnant ones would place their burdens, and the youth would become old from the terror of the Day of Qiyamah.
فَيَأْمُرُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَطْفَالَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ يُلْقُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي تِلْكَ النَّارِ فَمَنْ سَبَقَ لَهُ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ سَعِيداً أَلْقَى نَفْسَهُ فِيهَا فَكَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً كَمَا كَانَتْ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع
Then Allah-azwj the Exalted would Command the children of the Polytheists that they throw themselves into that Fire. So, the one who preceded it in the Knowledge of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic that he would become fortunate, would throw himself into it, and it would be cool and safe upon him just as it was upon Ibrahim-as.
وَ مَنْ سَبَقَ لَهُ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى أَنْ يَكُونَ شَقِيّاً امْتَنَعَ فَلَمْ يُلْقِ نَفْسَهُ فِي النَّارِ فَيَأْمُرُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى النَّارَ فَتَلْتَقِطُهُ لِتَرْكِهِ أَمْرَ اللَّهِ وَ امْتِنَاعِهِ مِنَ الدُّخُولِ فِيهَا فَيَكُونُ تَبَعاً لِآبَائِهِ فِي جَهَنَّمَ
And one who preceded to it in the Knowledge of Allah-azwj the Exalted that he would happen to be wretched, would refuse and would not throw himself into the Fire. Then Allah-azwj the Exalted would Command the Fire, and it would pick him up due to his neglecting the Command of Allah-azwj and his refusal from the entering into it, and he would become following his forefathers into Hell’’.[185]
8- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ رَفَعَهُ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْأَطْفَالِ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ جَمَعَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَ أَجَّجَ نَاراً وَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَطْرَحُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِيهَا فَمَنْ كَانَ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّهُ سَعِيدٌ رَمَى نَفْسَهُ فِيهَا وَ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَامَةً وَ مَنْ كَانَ فِي عِلْمِهِ أَنَّهُ شَقِيٌّ امْتَنَعَ
‘Al Kafi’ – The number (of reporters), from Sahl, from someone else, raising it,
‘He-asws was asked about the children, and he-asws said: ‘When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, Allah-azwj would Gather them and Inflame the Fire and Command them to fling themselves into it. The one who was in the (preceding) Knowledge of Allah-azwj as fortunate would throw himself into it and it would be cool and safe upon him, and the one who was in the (preceding) Knowledge of Allah-azwj and he is wretched, who refused.
فَيَأْمُرُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِهِمْ إِلَى النَّارِ فَيَقُولُونَ يَا رَبَّنَا تَأْمُرُ بِنَا إِلَى النَّارِ وَ لَمْ يَجْرِ عَلَيْنَا الْقَلَمُ فَيَقُولُ الْجَبَّارُ قَدْ أَمَرْتُكُمْ مُشَافَهَةً فَلَمْ تُطِيعُونِي فَكَيْفَ لَوْ أَرْسَلْتُ رُسُلِي بِالْغَيْبِ إِلَيْكُمْ
Then Allah-azwj would Command with them to be in the Fire, and they would be saying, ‘O our Lord-azwj! You-azwj Commanded with us to be in the Fire and did not Flow the Pen upon us (no deeds recorded)?’ The Subduer would be Saying: “I-azwj Commanded you all Verbally and you did not obey Me-azwj, so how would it have been if I-azwj had Sent My-azwj Rasool-as to you, in the absence?”’.[186]
9- وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ أَمَّا أَطْفَالُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يُلْحَقُونَ بِآبَائِهِمْ وَ أَوْلَادُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يُلْحَقُونَ بِآبَائِهِمْ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ بِإِيمانٍ أَلْحَقْنا بِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ
And in another Hadeeth: ‘As for the children of the Momineen, they would be united with their forefathers, and the children of the Polytheists would be united with their forefathers, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: with Eman, We will Unite their offspring to be with them [52:21]’’.[187]
10- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الْوِلْدَانِ فَقَالَ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ الْوِلْدَانِ وَ الْأَطْفَالِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا عَامِلِينَ
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya al Halby, from Ibn Muskan, from Zurara who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the youths, so he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was asked about the eternal youths and the children, and he-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj is more Knowing with what they would have done’’.[188]
11- كا، الكافي عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي الْأَطْفَالِ الَّذِينَ مَاتُوا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْلُغُوا فَقَالَ سُئِلَ عَنْهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا عَامِلِينَ
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Zurara who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What are you-asws saying regarding the children, those who died before reaching adulthood?’ He-asws said: ‘They asked Rasool-Allah-saww, and he-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj is more Knowing with what they would have done’.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ يَا زُرَارَةُ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا عَنَى بِذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا عَنَى كُفُّوا عَنْهُمْ وَ لَا تَقُولُوا فِيهِمْ شَيْئاً وَ رُدُّوا عِلْمَهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ
Then he-asws turned towards me and he-asws said: ‘O Zurara! Do you know what Rasool-Allah-saww meant by that?’ I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘But rather he-saww meant: ‘Stop, do not be saying anything regarding them, and refer their knowledge back to Allah-azwj’’.[189]
12- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ اتَّبَعَتْهُمْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُمْ بِإِيمانٍ أَلْحَقْنا بِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ قَالَ فَقَالَ قَصُرَتِ الْأَبْنَاءُ عَنْ عَمَلِ الْآبَاءِ فَأَلْحَقُوا الْأَبْنَاءَ بِالْآبَاءِ لِتَقَرَّ بِذَلِكَ أَعْيُنُهُمْ
‘Al Kafi’ – The number (of reporters), from Sahl, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Sayf Bin Umeyra, from Ibn Bakeyr,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And those who believe and their offspring follow them with Eman, We will Unite their offspring to be with them [52:21]. He-asws said: ‘The sons were deficient from the deeds of their fathers therefore the sons would be united with the fathers for their eyes to be delighted with that’’.[190]
13- يه، من لا يحضر الفقيه عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْهُ ع مِثْلَهُ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – From Abu Bakr Al Hazramy, ‘From him-asws – similar to it’’.[191]
14- كا، الكافي عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَمَّنْ مَاتَ فِي الْفَتْرَةِ وَ عَمَّنْ لَمْ يُدْرِكِ الْحِنْثَ وَ الْمَعْتُوهَ فَقَالَ يَحْتَجُّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having been asked about the one who dies in the (gap) period (of two Prophets-as), and about the one who did not reach adulthood, and one of deficient intellect, so he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj would be Arguing upon them.
يَرْفَعُ لَهُمْ نَاراً فَيَقُولُ لَهُمْ ادْخُلُوهَا فَمَنْ دَخَلَهَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً وَ مَنْ أَبَى قَالَ هَا أَنْتُمْ قَدْ أَمَرْتُكُمْ فَعَصَيْتُمُونِي
He-azwj would Raise a Fire for them and would be Saying to them: “Enter it!” So, the one who enters it, it would be cool and safe upon him, and one who refuses, He-azwj would Say: “There, I-azwj had Commanded you but you disobeyed Me-azwj”’.[192]
15- كا، الكافي بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: ثَلَاثَةٌ يُحْتَجُّ عَلَيْهِمْ الْأَبْكَمُ وَ الطِّفْلُ وَ مَنْ مَاتَ فِي الْفَتْرَةِ فَيُرْفَعُ لَهُمْ نَارٌ فَيُقَالُ لَهُمُ ادْخُلُوهَا فَمَنْ دَخَلَهَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً وَ مَنْ أَبَى قَالَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى هَذَا قَدْ أَمَرْتُكُمْ فَعَصَيْتُمُونِي
‘Al Kafi’ – By this chain,
‘He-asws said: ‘Three would have an argument upon them – The mute, and the child, and one who died during the (gap) period (of two Prophets-as), so He-azwj would Raise a Fire for them and Say to them: “Enter it!” So, the one who enters it, it would be cool and safe upon him, and the one who refuses, the Blessed and Exalted would Say: ‘This, I-azwj had Commanded you, but you disobeyed Me-azwj!”.[193]
16 نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا تَزَوَّجُوا الْحَسْنَاءَ الْجَمِيلَةَ الْعَاقِرَةَ فَإِنِّي أُبَاهِي بِكُمُ الْأُمَمَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَ وَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الْوِلْدَانَ تَحْتَ عَرْشِ الرَّحْمَنِ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِآبَائِهِمْ يَحْضُنُهُمْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَ تُرَبِّيهِمْ سَارَةُ ع فِي جَبَلٍ مِنْ مِسْكٍ وَ عَنْبَرٍ وَ زَعْفَرَانٍ
‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy, by his chain,
‘From Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Do not marry the beautiful belle, the sterile one, for I-azwj would be boasting with you all to the communities on the Day of Qiyamah, or do you now know that the children would be beneath the Throne of the Beneficent seeking Forgiveness for their fathers. Ibrahim-as would cuddle them and Sarah-as would nourish them in a mountain of musk and amber and saffron?’’[194]
17- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه فِي الصَّحِيحِ رَوَى أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِذَا مَاتَ طِفْلٌ مِنْ أَطْفَالِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نَادَى مُنَادٍ فِي مَلَكُوتِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ أَلَا إِنَّ فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانٍ قَدْ مَاتَ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَاتَ وَالِدَاهُ أَوْ أَحَدُهُمَا أَوْ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ يَغْذُوهُ وَ إِلَّا دُفِعَ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ ع تَغْذُوهُ حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ أَبَوَاهُ أَوْ أَحَدُهُمَا أَوْ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ فَتَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِ
‘Man a Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – It is reported by Abu Zakariya, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When a child from the children of the Momineen dies, a Caller calls out in the kingdoms of the skies and the earth: ‘Indeed! So and so, son of so and so has died!’ If its parents or one of the two had died, or some of his family members from the Momineen, it is handed over to him to provide him, or else it is handed over to (Syeda) Fatima-asws to provide him until his parents or one of the two, or one of his family member comes (dies), it is handed over to him’’.[195]
18- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَدْفَعُ إِلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ سَارَةَ أَطْفَالَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَغْذُوَانِهِمْ بِشَجَرَةٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ لَهَا أَخْلَافٌ كَأَخْلَافِ الْبَقَرِ فِي قَصْرٍ مِنَ الدُّرِّ فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ أُلْبِسُوا وَ أُطِيبُوا وَ أُهْدُوا إِلَى آبَائِهِمْ فَهُمْ مُلُوكٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ مَعَ آبَائِهِمْ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ اتَّبَعَتْهُمْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُمْ بِإِيمانٍ أَلْحَقْنا بِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ
‘Man a Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ In Al Saheed from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ali Bin Raib, from Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Hands over the children of the Momineen to Ibrahim-as and Sarah-as to provide them with a tree in the Paradise having udders like udders of the cow, in a castle of gems. So, when it will be the Day of Qiyamah, they would be clothed, and perfumed, and oiled and guided to their fathers, for they would be kings in the Paradise along with their fathers, and it is in the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: And those who believe and their offspring follow them with Eman, We will Unite their offspring to be with them [52:21]’’.[196]
19- وَ رَوَى الشَّيْخُ حَسَنُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ فِي كِتَابِ الْمُخْتَصَرِ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ الْمِعْرَاجِ لِلشَّيْخِ الصَّالِحِ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا صَعِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ انْتَهَى إِلَى السَّمَاءِ السَّابِعَةِ وَ لَقِيَ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ ع قَالَ أَيْنَ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع قَالُوا لَهُ هُوَ مَعَ أَطْفَالِ شِيعَةِ عَلِيٍّ
And it is reported by the sheykh Hassan Bin Suleyman in the book ‘Al Mukhtasar’, copied from the book ‘Al Ma’arij’ of the sheykh Al Salih Abu Muhammad al Hassan, by his chain from Al Sadouq, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Mihran, from Salih Bin Aqaba, from Yazeed Bin Abdul Malik,
‘From Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww ascended to the sky and ended up to the seventh sky and met the Prophets-as, he-saww said: ‘Where is my-saww father-as Ibrahim-as?’ They said, ‘He-as is with the children of the Shias of Ali-asws’.
فَدَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَإِذَا هُوَ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ لَهَا ضُرُوعٌ كَضُرُوعِ الْبَقَرِ فَإِذَا انْفَلَتَ الضَّرْعُ مِنْ فَمِ الصَّبِيِّ قَامَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ
Then he-saww entered the Paradise, and he-saww was beneath a tree having udders like the udders of the cow. When the udder was fell from a mouth of the child, Ibrahim-as stood up and returned it to him.
قَالَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ خَلَّفْتُهُ فِي أُمَّتِي قَالَ نِعْمَ الْخَلِيفَةُ خَلَّفْتَ أَمَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَرَضَ عَلَى الْمَلَائِكَةِ طَاعَتَهُ وَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَطْفَالُ شِيعَتِهِ سَأَلْتُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَنِيَ الْقَائِمَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَفَعَلَ وَ إِنَّ الصَّبِيَّ لَيَجْرَعُ الْجُرْعَةَ فَيَجِدُ طَعْمَ ثِمَارِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ أَنْهَارِهَا فِي تِلْكَ الْجُرْعَةِ
He-asws said: ‘He-as greeted unto him-saww and asked him-saww about Ali-asws. He-saww said: ‘I-saww left him-asws behind as a Caliph among my-saww community’. He-as said: ‘The Caliph has been left behind. But, Allah-azwj Obligated obedience to him-asws upon the Angels, and these are the children of his-asws Shias. I-as asked Allah-azwj that He-azwj Makes me the caretaker upon them, and He-azwj Did, and that the child gulps the mouthful and he find the taste of the fruits of the Paradise and its rivers in that mouthful’’.[197]
20- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه فِي الصَّحِيحِ سَأَلَ جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ أَطْفَالِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ فَقَالَ لَيْسُوا كَأَطْفَالِ النَّاسِ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – In Al Saheeh –
‘Jameel Bin Darraj asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the children of the Prophets-as, so he-asws said: ‘They aren’t like the children of the people’.
وَ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَوْ بَقِيَ كَانَ صِدِّيقاً نَبِيّاً قَالَ لَوْ بَقِيَ كَانَ عَلَى مِنْهَاجِ أَبِيهِ ص
And he asked him-asws about Ibrahim-as, son-as of Rasool-Allah-saww, had he-as remained would he-as have been a truthful, a Prophet-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Had he-as remained he-as would have been upon the Manifesto of his-as father-saww’’.[198]
21- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه رَوَى وَهْبُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَوْلَادُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ مَعَ آبَائِهِمْ فِي النَّارِ وَ أَوْلَادُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَعَ آبَائِهِمْ فِي الْجَنَّةِ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – It is reported by Wahab Bin Wahab,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘The children of the Polytheists would be with their fathers in the Fire, and the children of the Muslims would be with their fathers in the Paradise’’.[199]
22- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه فِي الصَّحِيحِ رَوَى جَعْفَرُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ أَوْلَادِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَمُوتُونَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحِنْثَ قَالَ كُفَّارٌ وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا عَامِلِينَ يَدْخُلُونَ مَدَاخِلَ آبَائِهِمْ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – In Al Saheeh, it is reported by Ja’far Bin Bashir, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the children of the Polytheists dying before they reach the adulthood. He-asws said: ‘Kafirs, and Allah-azwj is more Knowing with what they would have been doing. They would be entering the enterings of their fathers’.
وَ قَالَ ع يُؤَجِّجُ لَهُمْ نَاراً فَيُقَالُ لَهُمُ ادْخُلُوهَا فَإِنْ دَخَلُوهَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً وَ إِنْ أَبَوْا قَالَ لَهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ هُوَ ذَا أَنَا قَدْ أَمَرْتُكُمْ فَعَصَيْتُمُونِي فَيَأْمُرُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِمْ إِلَى النَّارِ
And he-asws said: ‘A Fire would be Ignited for them and He-azwj would Say to them: “Enter it!” If they enter it, it would be cool and safe upon them, and if they refuse, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Say to them: “It is that! I-azwj had Commanded you all, but you disobeyed Me-azwj!” Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Command with them to be in the Fire’’.[200]
Note –
حَدِيثُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْخَلِيلِ حِينَ رَآهُ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ حَوْلَهُ أَوْلَادُ النَّاسِ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ أَوْلَادُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالَ وَ أَوْلَادُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ
Hadeeth of Ibrahim-as the Friend (of the Beneficent) when the Prophet-saww saw him-as and around him-as were children of the people. They said, ‘And (what about) children of the Polytheists?’ He-saww said: ‘And children of the Polytheists’.
وَ رَوَى الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ الْبَغَوِيُّ فِي شَرْحِ السُّنَّةِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ أَطْفَالِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا فَاعِلِينَ
And it reported by Al Husayn Bin Masoud Al Baghwy in ‘Sharh Al Sunnah’, by his chain from Abu Hureyra (well-known fabricator). He said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was asked about children of the Polytheists. He-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj is more Knowing with what they would have done’.
وَ رُوِيَ بِإِسْنَادٍ آخَرَ عَنْ صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ يُولَدُ يُولَدُ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ وَ أَبَوَاهُ يُهَوِّدَانِهِ وَ يُنَصِّرَانِهِ كَمَا تُنْتَجُونَ الْبَهِيمَةَ هَلْ تَجِدُونَ فِيهَا جَدْعَاءَ حَتَّى تَكُونُوا أَنْتُمْ تَجْدَعُونَهَا قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ فَرَأَيْتَ مَنْ يَمُوتُ وَ هُوَ صَغِيرٌ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا عَامِلِينَ
And it is reported by another chain from Saheeh Muslim (non-Shia source) and others from Abu Hureyra (well-known fabricator) who said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who is born, gets born upon the nature, and his parents Judaise and Christanise him, just like the animal, do you find any mutilation in it until you happen to be the one to mutilate him?’ They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What is your-saww view of the one who dies while he is young (child)?’ He-saww said: ‘Allah-azwh is more Knowing with what they would have done’.
رُوِيَ مُفَسَّراً عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ذَرَارِيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِلَا عَمَلٍ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا عَامِلِينَ قُلْتُ فَذَرَارِيُّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالَ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ قُلْتُ بِلَا عَمَلٍ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا عَامِلِينَ
It is reported by an interpreter, from Ayesha, she said, ‘I said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! (What about) offspring of the believers?’ He-saww said: ‘From their fathers’. She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww, without any deeds?’ He-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj is more Knowing with what they would have done’. I said, ‘(What about) offspring of the Polytheists?’ He-saww said: ‘From their fathers’. I said, ‘Without deeds?’ He-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj is more Knowing with what they would have done’.
باب 14 من رفع عنه القلم و نفي الحرج في الدين و شرائط صحة التكليف و ما يعذر فيه الجاهل و أنه يلزم على الله التعريف
CHAPTER 14 – ONE FROM WHOM THE PEN IS RAISED, AND NEGATION OF THE DIFFICULTY BEING IN THE RELIGION, AND THE CONDITIONS OF THE VALIDITY OF THE ENCUMBERMENT, AND REGARDING WHAT THE IGNORANT ONE IS EXCUSED, AND THE INTRODUCTION IS NECESSITATED UPON ALLAH-azwj
الآيات البقرة لا إِكْراهَ فِي الدِّينِ قَدْ تَبَيَّنَ الرُّشْدُ مِنَ الْغَيِ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Baqarah): There is no compulsion in the Religion; the right way has been clarified from the error. [2:256]
و قال تعالى لا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْساً إِلَّا وُسْعَها لَها ما كَسَبَتْ وَ عَلَيْها مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ رَبَّنا لا تُؤاخِذْنا إِنْ نَسِينا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنا رَبَّنا وَ لا تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنا إِصْراً كَما حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِنا رَبَّنا وَ لا تُحَمِّلْنا ما لا طاقَةَ لَنا بِهِ وَ اعْفُ عَنَّا وَ اغْفِرْ لَنا وَ ارْحَمْنا
And the Exalted Said: “Allah does not Encumber a soul except to its capacity. For it would be what it earned and against it would be what it earned”. (The Rasool said): ‘Our Lord! Do not Seize us if we forget or we make a mistake. Our Lord! And do not Load upon us a burden like what You Loaded upon those from before us. Our Lord! And do not Load upon us what we have no strength for us with it; and Pardon (our sins) for us and have Mercy on us. [2:286]
أنعام قَدْ جاءَكُمْ بَصائِرُ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ فَمَنْ أَبْصَرَ فَلِنَفْسِهِ وَ مَنْ عَمِيَ فَعَلَيْها وَ ما أَنَا عَلَيْكُمْ بِحَفِيظٍ
(Surah) Al Anam: There has come to you Insight from your Lord; so the one who visualises, then it is for his soul, and the one who is blind, then it is against it, and I am not a keeper over you all [6:104]
الأعراف لا نُكَلِّفُ نَفْساً إِلَّا وُسْعَها
(Surah) Al A’raaf: We do not Encumber a soul except to its capacity [7:42]
الأنفال لِيَهْلِكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ عَنْ بَيِّنَةٍ وَ يَحْيى مَنْ حَيَّ عَنْ بَيِّنَةٍ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَسَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
(Surah) Al Anfaal: the ones to be destroyed from a clear proof and to Revive the ones to be revived from a clear proof, and surely Allah is Hearing, Knowing [8:42]
التوبة وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِلَّ قَوْماً بَعْدَ إِذْ هَداهُمْ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَ لَهُمْ ما يَتَّقُونَ
(Surah) Al Tawbah: It was not for Allah to Let stray a people after having Guided them until He Clarifies to then what they should be guarding against, [9:115]
النحل وَ عَلَى اللَّهِ قَصْدُ السَّبِيلِ وَ مِنْها جائِرٌ وَ لَوْ شاءَ لَهَداكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
(Surah) Al Nahl: And upon Allah is to Direct to the Way, and from these (some) are crooked, and had He so Desired, He would have Guided you altogether [16:9]
الأسرى مَنِ اهْتَدى فَإِنَّما يَهْتَدِي لِنَفْسِهِ وَ مَنْ ضَلَّ فَإِنَّما يَضِلُّ عَلَيْها وَ لا تَزِرُ وازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرى وَ ما كُنَّا مُعَذِّبِينَ حَتَّى نَبْعَثَ رَسُولًا
(Surah) Al Asra: One who accepts Guidance, rather he accepts it for his own self, and one who strays, so rather he strays against it; and no bearer will bear the burden of another; and We do not Punish until We Send a Rasool [17:15]
طه وَ لَوْ أَنَّا أَهْلَكْناهُمْ بِعَذابٍ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ لَقالُوا رَبَّنا لَوْ لا أَرْسَلْتَ إِلَيْنا رَسُولًا فَنَتَّبِعَ آياتِكَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ نَذِلَّ وَ نَخْزى
(Surah) Ta Ha: And had We Destroyed them with a Punishment from before it, they would be saying, ‘Our Lord! If only You had Sent a Rasool to us, then we would have followed your Signs from before we were disgraced and shamed’ [20:134]
الحج وَ ما جَعَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ
(Surah) Al Hajj: and did not Make any hardship upon you in the Religion [22:78]
النور كَذلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمُ الْآياتِ وَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
(Surah) Al Noor: Like that, Allah Clarifies the Verses for you, and Allah is Knowing, Wise [24:58]
و قال كَذلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ آياتِهِ وَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
And Said: Like that, Allah Clarifies His Verses to you, and Allah is Knowing, Wise [24:59]
الشعراء وَ ما أَهْلَكْنا مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلَّا لَها مُنْذِرُونَ ذِكْرى وَ ما كُنَّا ظالِمِينَ
(Surah) Al Shoara: And We did not Destroy any town except there were warners for it [26:208] Being a reminder, and We were not unjust [26:209]
القصص وَ لَوْ لا أَنْ تُصِيبَهُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ بِما قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ فَيَقُولُوا رَبَّنا لَوْ لا أَرْسَلْتَ إِلَيْنا رَسُولًا فَنَتَّبِعَ آياتِكَ وَ نَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
(Surah) Al Qasas: And had it not been for a calamity afflicting them due to what their own hand had sent ahead, they would be saying, ‘Our Lord! Why did You not Send a Rasool to us, so we could have followed Your Signs and could have become from the Momineen?’ [28:47]
و قال تعالى وَ ما كانَ رَبُّكَ مُهْلِكَ الْقُرى حَتَّى يَبْعَثَ فِي أُمِّها رَسُولًا يَتْلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ آياتِنا وَ ما كُنَّا مُهْلِكِي الْقُرى إِلَّا وَ أَهْلُها ظالِمُونَ
And the Exalted Said: And your Lord did not Destroy the town until He Sent a Rasool in its capital reciting Our Verses to them. And We did not Destroy the town except that its inhabitants were unjust [28:59]
الأحزاب وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُناحٌ فِيما أَخْطَأْتُمْ بِهِ وَ لكِنْ ما تَعَمَّدَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ
(Surah) Al Ahzaab: And there isn’t any blame on you regarding what you err with, but what your hearts deliberate with [33:5]
الطلاق لا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْساً إِلَّا ما آتاها
(Surah) Al Talaaq: Allah does not Encumber a soul except what He has Given it. [65:7]
1- ب، قرب الإسناد هَارُونُ عَنِ ابْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: مِمَّا أَعْطَى اللَّهُ أُمَّتِي وَ فَضَّلَهُمْ بِهِ عَلَى سَائِرِ الْأُمَمِ أَعْطَاهُمْ ثَلَاثَ خِصَالٍ لَمْ يُعْطَهَا إِلَّا نَبِيٌّ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى كَانَ إِذَا بَعَثَ نَبِيّاً قَالَ لَهُ اجْتَهِدْ فِي دِينِكَ وَ لَا حَرَجَ عَلَيْكَ
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Haroun, from Ibn Ziyad,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘From what Allah-azwj Gave my-saww community and Merited them with it over the rest of the communities, He-azwj Gave them three characteristics He-azwj did not Give to anyone except a Prophet-as, and that is because whenever Allah-azwj Sent a Prophet-as, Said to him-as: “Struggle in your Religion and there is no blame upon you-as!”
وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَعْطَى ذَلِكَ أُمَّتِي حَيْثُ يَقُولُ وَ ما جَعَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ يَقُولُ مِنْ ضِيقٍ الْخَبَرَ
Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Gave that to my-saww community where He-azwj is Saying: and did not Make any hardship upon you in the Religion [22:78], He-azwj is Saying, “From a straightness” – the Hadeeth’.[201]
2- ب، قرب الإسناد الْبَزَّازُ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: لَا غِلَظَ عَلَى مُسْلِمٍ فِي شَيْءٍ
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Al Bazaz, from Abu Al Bakhtary,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘There is no harshness upon a Muslim regarding anything’’.[202]
3- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ الْيَوْمَ وَ الْيَوْمَيْنِ وَ الثَّلَاثَةَ وَ الْأَرْبَعَةَ وَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ كَمْ يَقْضِي مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ
‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ibn Muskan, form Musa Bin Bakr who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The man has unconsciousness upon him for the day, and the two days, and the three, and the four, and more than that, how much should he fulfil from his (missed) Salats?’
فَقَالَ أَ لَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِمَا يَجْمَعُ لَكَ هَذَا وَ أَشْبَاهَهُ كُلُّ مَا غَلَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَمْرٍ فَاللَّهُ أَعْذَرُ لِعَبْدِهِ
He-asws said: ‘Indeed! I-asws Shall inform you with what would be a summary for you of this and its like. All what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Overcomes from a matter, so Allah-azwj is more Excusing of His-azwj servants’.
وَ زَادَ فِيهِ غَيْرُهُ أَنَّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ وَ هَذَا مِنَ الْأَبْوَابِ الَّتِي يَفْتَحُ كُلُّ بَابٍ مِنْهَا أَلْفَ بَابٍ
And someone else has an increase in it, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And this is from the doors which every door from it opens a thousand doors’’.[203]
4- سن، المحاسن عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ الْأَحْمَرِ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ الطَّيَّارِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ لِيَ اكْتُبْ وَ أَمْلَى إِنَّ قَوْلَنَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَحْتَجُّ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ بِالَّذِي آتَاهُمْ وَ عَرَّفَهُمْ ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولًا وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْكِتَابَ وَ أَمَرَ فِيهِ وَ نَهَى
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Aban Al Ahmar, from Hamza Al Tayyar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said to me: ‘Write, and I-asws shall dictate. It is from our-asws words that Allah-azwj would Argue upon the servants by that which He-azwj had Given them and Made them recognise, then Sent a Rasool-saww to them and Revealed the Book unto him-saww, and Commanded in it and Prohibited.
أَمَرَ فِيهِ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَ الصَّوْمِ فَنَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ أَنَا أُنِيمُكَ وَ أَنَا أُوقِظُكَ فَإِذَا قُمْتَ فَصَلِّ لِيَعْلَمُوا إِذَا أَصَابَهُمْ ذَلِكَ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُونَ لَيْسَ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ إِذَا نَامَ عَنْهَا هَلَكَ وَ كَذَلِكَ الصِّيَامُ أَنَا أُمْرِضُكَ وَ أَنَا أُصِحُّكَ فَإِذَا شَفَيْتُكَ فَاقْضِهِ
He-azwj Commanded in it with the Salat and the Fasts. (One day) Rasool-Allah-saww slept from the Salat, so He-azwj Said: ‘I-azwj Made you-saww sleep and I-azwj Woke you-saww up”. When he-saww arose and prayed Salat for them (people) to know, when that hits them how they should be dealing (with it), and it isn’t as they are saying it, ‘When one sleeps from it, one is destroyed’. And like that are the Fasts. “I-azwj Make you sick, and I-azwj Give you health. So, whenever you are healed, fulfil it”’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ كَذَلِكَ إِذَا نَظَرْتَ فِي جَمِيعِ الْأَشْيَاءِ لَمْ تَجِدْ أَحَداً إِلَّا وَ لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ حُجَّةٌ وَ لَهُ فِيهِ الْمَشِيَّةُ وَ لَا أَقُولُ إِنَّهُمْ مَا شَاءُوا صَنَعُوا
Then Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And like that, when you look into the entirety of the things, you will not find one except and for Allah-azwj upon it is an Argument, and for Him-azwj is the Desire regarding it, and I-asws am not saying: ‘Whatever they desire they do’’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَهْدِي وَ يُضِلُّ
Then he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Guides and lets to stray’.
وَ قَالَ مَا أُمِرُوا إِلَّا بِدُونِ سَعَتِهِمْ وَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ أُمِرَ النَّاسُ بِهِ فَهُمْ يَسْعَوْنَ لَهُ وَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ لَا يَسْعَوْنَ لَهُ فَمَوْضُوعٌ عَنْهُمْ وَ لَكِنَّ النَّاسَ لَا خَيْرَ فِيهِمْ
And he-asws said: ‘They have not been Commanded except below their capabilities, and all things the people have been Commanded with, so they are capable for it, and all thing they are not capable for it, it has been dropped from them, but the people are such, there is no good in them’.
ثُمَّ تَلَا لَيْسَ عَلَى الضُّعَفاءِ وَ لا عَلَى الْمَرْضى وَ لا عَلَى الَّذِينَ لا يَجِدُونَ ما يُنْفِقُونَ حَرَجٌ فَوَضَعَ عَنْهُمْ ما عَلَى الْمُحْسِنِينَ مِنْ سَبِيلٍ وَ اللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ وَ لا عَلَى الَّذِينَ إِذا ما أَتَوْكَ لِتَحْمِلَهُمْ قَالَ فَوَضَعَ عَنْهُمْ لِأَنَّهُمْ لَا يَجِدُونَ مَا يُنْفِقُونَ
Then he-asws recited: There isn’t any blame upon the weak, nor upon the sick, nor upon those who cannot find what they could be spending [9:91], So He-azwj Dropped it from them: There is no way (to a blame) upon the good doers, and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful [9:91] Nor upon those when they came to you that you might carry them [9:92]. He-asws said: ‘He-azwj Dropped (the Obligation) from them because they were not finding what they could spend’.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّمَا السَّبِيلُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ يَسْتَأْذِنُونَكَ وَ هُمْ أَغْنِياءُ رَضُوا بِأَنْ يَكُونُوا مَعَ الْخَوالِفِ وَ طُبِعَ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لا يَفْقَهُونَ
But rather, the way (to blame) is upon those who seek your permission and they are rich. They are pleased to be with the ones staying behind; and Allah Sealed upon their hearts, so they don’t know [9:93]’’.[204]
5- سن، المحاسن مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ حَكَمِ بْنِ مِسْكِينٍ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ قِرْوَاشٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّمَا احْتَجَّ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ بِمَا آتَاهُمْ وَ عَرَّفَهُمْ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Muhammad Bin Ali, from Hakam Bin Miskeen Al Saqafy, from Al nazar Bin Qarwash who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘But rather, Allah-azwj Argues upon the servants with what He-azwj Gave them and Made them recognise’’.[205]
6- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع النَّاسُ مَأْمُورُونَ وَ مَنْهِيُّونَ وَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عُذْرٌ عَذَرَهُ اللَّهُ
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Safwan, from Mansour Bin Hazim who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The people are Commanded and Prohibited, and one who had a (valid) excuse for him, Allah-azwj would Excuse him’’.[206]
7- سن، المحاسن ابْنُ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ الطَّيَّارِ وَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ الْأَحْمَرِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِلَّ قَوْماً بَعْدَ إِذْ هَداهُمْ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَ لَهُمْ ما يَتَّقُونَ قَالَ حَتَّى يُعَرِّفَهُمْ مَا يُرْضِيهِ وَ مَا يُسْخِطُهُ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ibn Fazal, from Sa’albat, from Hamza Bin Al Tayyar, and it was narrated by my father, from Fazalat, from Aban Al Ahmar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: It was not for Allah to Let stray a people after having Guided them until He Clarifies to then what they should be guarding against, [9:115], he-asws said: ‘Until He-azwj Makes them recognise what Pleases Him-azwj and what Angers Him-azwj‘.
وَ قَالَ فَأَلْهَمَها فُجُورَها وَ تَقْواها قَالَ بَيَّنَ لَهَا مَا تَأْتِي وَ مَا تَتْرُكُ
And He-azwj Said: Then He Inspired it, it’s immorality and its piety [91:8] – He-asws said: ‘Explained to it what it should come to and what it should leave’.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّا هَدَيْناهُ السَّبِيلَ إِمَّا شاكِراً وَ إِمَّا كَفُوراً قَالَ عَرَّفْنَاهُ فَإِمَّا أَخَذَ وَ إِمَّا تَرَكَ
And Said: We certainly Guided him of the Way. Either he is grateful, or he commits Kufr [76:3] – He-asws said: ‘Made it recognise what it should take and what it should leave’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ يَحُولُ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَ قَلْبِهِ قَالَ يَشْتَهِي سَمْعُهُ وَ بَصَرُهُ وَ لِسَانُهُ وَ يَدُهُ وَ قَلْبُهُ أَمَّا إِنَّهُ هُوَ عَسَى شَيْءٌ مِمَّا يَشْتَهِي فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَأْتِيهِ إِلَّا وَ قَلْبُهُ مُنْكِرٌ لَا يَقْبَلُ الَّذِي يَأْتِي يَعْرِفُ أَنَّ الْحَقَّ غَيْرُهُ وَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ
And I asked him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: Allah Intervenes between a person and his heart [8:24], he-asws said: ‘His hearing, and his sight, and his tongue, and his heart, and his heart desire, but it is something he is overcome by from what he desires, and he does not come to it except and his heart would deny, not accepting that which he comes to, recognising that the Truth is other than it’.
وَ أَمَّا ثَمُودُ فَهَدَيْناهُمْ فَاسْتَحَبُّوا الْعَمى عَلَى الْهُدى قَالَ نَهَاهُمْ عَنْ فِعْلِهِمْ فَاسْتَحَبُّوا الْعَمَى عَلَى الْهُدَى وَ هُمْ يَعْرِفُونَ
And about His-azwj Words: And as for Samood, so We Guided them, but they loved the blindness over the Guidance [41:17]. He-asws said: ‘Prohibited them from their deed, but they loved the blindness over the Guidance and (Although) they were recognising’’.[207]
8- سن، المحاسن ابْنُ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ إِنَّا هَدَيْناهُ السَّبِيلَ إِمَّا شاكِراً وَ إِمَّا كَفُوراً قَالَ عَلَّمَهُ السَّبِيلَ فَإِمَّا آخِذٌ فَهُوَ شَاكِرٌ وَ إِمَّا تَارِكٌ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ibn Fazal, from Ibn Bakeyr, from Zurara who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: We certainly Guided him of the Way. Either he is grateful, or he commits Kufr [76:3], he-asws said: ‘Taught him the way, so either he takes and he is thankful, and either he leaves and he is a Kafir’’.[208]
9- سن، المحاسن ابْنُ يَزِيدَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ مِسْكِينٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ الْحُرِّ بَيَّاعِ الْهَرَوِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَا أَيُّوبُ مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ يُرَدُّ عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ حَتَّى يَصْدَعَ قَبِلَهُ أَمْ تَرَكَهُ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ بَلْ نَقْذِفُ بِالْحَقِّ عَلَى الْباطِلِ فَيَدْمَغُهُ فَإِذا هُوَ زاهِقٌ وَ لَكُمُ الْوَيْلُ مِمَّا تَصِفُونَ.
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ibn Yazeed, from a man, from Al Hakam Bin Miskeen, from Ayoub Bin Al Hurr, a slave of Al Harqy who said,
Abu Abdullah-asws said to me: ‘O Ayoub! There is no one except the Truth emerges to him until he cracks, whether he accepts it or leaves it, and that is because Allah-azwj is Saying in His-azwj Book: But, We Hurl the Truth upon the falsehood, so it confutes it, and then it vanishes. And for you is the woe from what you are ascribing [21:18]’’.[209]
10- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَلْ جُعِلَ فِي النَّاسِ أَدَاةٌ يَنَالُونَ بِهَا الْمَعْرِفَةَ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَهَلْ كُلِّفُوا الْمَعْرِفَةَ قَالَ لَا إِنَّ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْبَيَانَ لَا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ الْعِبَادَ إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا وَ لَا يُكَلِّفُ نَفْساً إِلَّا مَا آتَاهَا
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Yunus, from Hamad Bin Usman, from Abdul A’ala who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Has there been Made to be some tools in the people they can be attaining the recognition with these?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘Have they been Encumbered with the recognition?’ He-asws said: ‘No. The explaining is upon Allah-azwj. Allah-azwj does not Encumber the servants except to their capacity, nor does He-azwj Encumber a soul except what He-azwj has Given it’’.[210]
11- سن، المحاسن عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَيَمُنُّ عَلَى قَوْمٍ وَ مَا فِيهِمْ خَيْرٌ فَيَحْتَجُّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيُلْزِمُهُمُ الْحُجَّةَ
‘Al Mahasin’ – A number of our companions, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Jameel Bin Daraj, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Confers upon a people and there is no good in them, so Allah-azwj would Argue upon them and the Argument would be necessitated for them’’.[211]
12- سن، المحاسن ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ وَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَبْدِيِّ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يُعَرِّفَ بَاطِلًا حَقّاً أَبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ الْحَقَّ فِي قَلْبِ الْمُؤْمِنِ بَاطِلًا لَا شَكَّ فِيهِ وَ أَبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ الْبَاطِلَ فِي قَلْبِ الْكَافِرِ الْمُخَالِفِ حَقّاً لَا شَكَّ فِيهِ وَ لَوْ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ هَذَا هَكَذَا مَا عُرِفَ حَقٌّ مِنْ بَاطِلٍ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ibn Mahboub, from Sayf Bin Umeyra and Abdul Aziz Al Abdy, and Abdullah Ibn Abu Yaqour,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Refused to Introduce falsehood as truth; Allah-azwj Refused to Make the Truth to be in the heart of the Momins as falsehood, there is no doubt in it; and Allah-azwj Refused to Make the falsehood in the heart of the Kafirs as the opposite of truth, there being no doubt in it; and if He-azwj had not Made this like that, Truth would not have been recognised from falsehood’’.[212]
13- ل، الخصال الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ السَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنِ ابْنِ ظَبْيَانَ قَالَ: أُتِيَ عُمَرُ بِامْرَأَةٍ مَجْنُونَةٍ قَدْ فَجَرَتْ فَأَمَرَ بِرَجْمِهَا فَمَرُّوا بِهَا عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالَ مَا هَذِهِ قَالُوا مَجْنُونَةٌ فَجَرَتْ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا عُمَرُ أَنْ تُرْجَمَ
‘Al Khisaal’ – Al Hassan Bin Muhammad al Sakuny, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Hazramy, from Ibrahim Ibn Abu Muawiya, from his father, from Al Amsh, from Ibn Zibyan who said,
‘Umar came to an insane woman who had been immoral, so he ordered with stoning her (to death). Then Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws passed by and he-asws said: ‘What is this?’ They said, ‘An insane woman was immoral so Umar ordered with her being stoned (to death)’.
قَالَ لَا تَعْجَلُوا فَأَتَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الْقَلَمَ رُفِعَ عَنْ ثَلَاثٍ عَنِ الصَّبِيِّ حَتَّى يَحْتَلِمَ وَ عَنِ الْمَجْنُونِ حَتَّى يُفِيقَ وَ عَنِ النَّائِمِ حَتَّى يَسْتَيْقِظَ
He-asws said: ‘Do not be hasty’. Then Umar came, and he-asws said to him: ‘But, do you not know that the Pen is Raised from three – from the child until puberty, and from the insane until he comes out from it, and from the sleeping one until he wakes up?’’.[213]
14- يد، التوحيد ل، الخصال الْعَطَّارُ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رُفِعَ عَنْ أُمَّتِي تِسْعَةٌ الْخَطَاءُ وَ النِّسْيَانُ وَ مَا أُكْرِهُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ مَا لَا يَعْلَمُونَ وَ مَا لَا يُطِيقُونَ وَ مَا اضْطُرُّوا إِلَيْهِ وَ الْحَسَدُ وَ الطِّيَرَةُ وَ التَّفَكُّرُ فِي الْوَسْوَسَةِ فِي الْخَلْقِ مَا لَمْ يُنْطَقْ بِشَفَةٍ
‘Al Tawheed’ – Al Attar, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Yazeed, from Hamad, from Hareyz,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Nine (things) have been Raised from my-saww community – The mistake, and the forgetfulness, and what they have coerced upon, and what they are not knowing, and what they cannot endure, and what they are desperate to, and the envy, and the recklessness, and the thinking regarding the uncertainty in the people what is not spoken by a lip’’.[214]
15- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر فَضَالَةُ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ وُضِعَ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ سِتَّةٌ الْخَطَاءُ وَ النِّسْيَانُ وَ مَا اسْتُكْرِهُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ مَا لَا يَعْلَمُونَ وَ مَا لَا يُطِيقُونَ وَ مَا اضْطُرُّوا عَلَيْهِ
The book of Haseen Bin Saeed and ‘Al Nawadir’ – Fazalat, from Sayf Bin Umeyra, from Ismail Al Ju’fy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘Six (things) have been dropped from this community – The mistake, and the forgetfulness, and what they have been coerced upon, and what they are not knowing, and what they cannot endure, and what they are desperate to’’.[215]
16- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص اللَّهُ عَفَا عَنْ أُمَّتِي ثَلَاثاً الْخَطَاءَ وَ النِّسْيَانَ وَ الِاسْتِكْرَاهَ
The book of Haseed Bin Saeed and ‘Al Nawadir’ – From Rabie,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Pardoned three (things) from my-saww community – the mistake, and the forgetfulness, and the being coerced’.
وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ فِيهَا رَابِعَةٌ وَ مَا لَا يُطِيقُونَ
And Abdullah-asws said: ‘And in it is a fourth, ‘What they cannot endure’’.[216]
17- يد، التوحيد عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وُضِعَ عَنْ أُمَّتِي الْخَطَأُ وَ النِّسْيَانُ وَ مَا اسْتُكْرِهُوا عَلَيْهِ
‘Al Tawheed’ – From Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘There have been dropped from my-asws community, the mistake, and the forgetfulness, and what they have been coerced upon’’.[217]
18- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُسْتَكْرَهُ عَلَى الْيَمِينِ فَيَحْلِفُ بِالطَّلَاقِ وَ الْعَتَاقِ وَ صَدَقَةِ مَا يَمْلِكُ أَ يَلْزَمُهُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَا
From Abu Al-Hassan-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man coerced upon the oath, so he swears with the divorce, and the freeing (a slave), and (giving in) charity what he owns, would that be necessitate on him?’ He-asws said: ‘No’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وُضِعَ عَنْ أُمَّتِي مَا أُكْرِهُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ مَا لَمْ يُطِيقُوا وَ مَا أَخْطَئُوا
Then he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘It has been dropped from my-saww community, what they have been coerced upon, and what they cannot endure, and what they are mistaken with’’.[218]
19- قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَلَّفَ اللَّهُ الْعِبَادَ إِلَّا دُونَ مَا يُطِيقُونَ لِأَنَّهُ كَلَّفَهُمْ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ لَيْلَةٍ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ وَ كَلَّفَهُمْ فِي السَّنَةِ صِيَامَ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْماً وَ كَلَّفَهُمْ فِي كُلِّ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ خَمْسَةَ دَرَاهِمَ وَ كَلَّفَهُمْ حَجَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَ هُمْ يُطِيقُونَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj. Allah-azwj has not Encumbered the servants except below what they can endure, because He-azwj Encumbered them during every day and night, five Salats, and Encumbered them during the year, Fasts of thirty days, and Encumbered them during every two hundred Dirhams, five Dirhams, and Encumber them one Hajj, and they can endure more than that’’.[219]
20- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ عَمَّيْهِ عَلِيٍّ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ابْنَيْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: يُوحِي اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى الْحَفَظَةِ الْكِرَامِ لَا تَكْتُبُوا عَلَى عَبْدِيَ الْمُؤْمِنِ عِنْدَ ضَجَرِهِ شَيْئاً
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – A group, from Abu Al Mufazzal, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Al Alawy, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Ibrahim Bin Musa, from his uncles Ali and Al Husayn,
‘Two sons of Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto the Honourable Recorders (Angels): “Do not write anything upon My-azwj Momin servant during his exhaustion’’.[220]
21- نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَدْ بُصِّرْتُمْ إِنْ أَبْصَرْتُمْ وَ قَدْ هُدِيتُمْ إِنِ اهْتَدَيْتُمْ وَ أُسْمِعْتُمْ إِنِ اسْتَمَعْتُمْ
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘You have been Shown, if you (try to) see, and you have been Guided, if you (can try to be) guided, and you have been Made to her, if you could listen’’.[221]
22- وَ قَالَ ع قَدْ أَضَاءَ الصُّبْحُ لِذِي عَيْنَيْنِ
And he-asws said: ‘The morning has illuminated for the one with eyes’’.[222]
23 كِتَابُ الْغَارَاتِ، لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الثَّقَفِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِهَالِكٍ هَلَكَ مَنْ يَعْذِرُهُ فِي تَعَمُّدِ ضَلَالَةٍ حَسِبَهَا هُدًى وَ لَا تَرْكِ حَقٍّ حَسِبَهُ ضَلَالَةً
The book ‘Al Gharaat’ of Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Al Saqafy, by his chain, from Yahya Bin Saeed, from his father who said,
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘There isn’t a destruction for a destroyed one, one who is excused regarding deliberate straying reckoning it to be guidance, nor leave a truth reckoning it to be straying’’.[223]
24- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ يُونُسَ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَيْسَ مِنْ بَاطِلٍ يَقُومُ بِإِزَاءِ الْحَقِّ إِلَّا غَلَبَ الْحَقُّ الْبَاطِلَ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ بَلْ نَقْذِفُ بِالْحَقِّ عَلَى الْباطِلِ فَيَدْمَغُهُ فَإِذا هُوَ زاهِقٌ
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Yunus, raising it, said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘There isn’t from a falsehood standing against the Truth, except the Truth would overcome the falsehood’’.[224]
25- سن، المحاسن النَّوْفَلِيُّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كُلُّ قَوْمٍ يَعْمَلُونَ عَلَى رِيبَةٍ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ وَ مُشْكِلَةٍ مِنْ رَأْيِهِمْ وَ زَارِئٌ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ وَ قَدْ تَبَيَّنَ الْحَقُّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِمُقَايَسَةِ الْعَدْلِ عِنْدَ ذَوِي الْأَلْبَابِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Every people working upon a doubt in their matters, and a problem from their opinion, and the falsifiers from them are upon the ones besides them, and the Truth has become manifest from that with the comparison of the justice in the presence of the ones of understanding”.[225]
26- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ حُمْرَانَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: فِي آخِرِ الْبَقَرَةِ لَمَّا دَعَوْا أُجِيبُوا لا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْساً إِلَّا وُسْعَها قَالَ مَا افْتَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا لَها ما كَسَبَتْ وَ عَلَيْها مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ وَ كَذَا قَوْلُهُ لا تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنا إِصْراً كَما حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِنا
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Zurara and Humran and Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From one of the two-asws (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘Regarding the end part of (Surah) Al-Baqarah, when they supplicated they were Answered: “Allah does not Encumber a soul except to its capacity [2:286], what Allah-azwj has Obligated upon it. For it would be what it earned and against it would be what it earned”. And like that are His-azwj Words: Our Lord! And do not Load upon us a burden like what You Loaded upon those from before us. [2:286]’’.[226]
27- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَرْوَانَ الْخَزَّازِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رُفِعَتْ عَنْ أُمَّتِي أَرْبَعُ خِصَالٍ مَا أَخْطَئُوا وَ مَا نَسُوا وَ مَا أُكْرِهُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ مَا لَمْ يُطِيقُوا
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Amro Bin Marwan Al Khazaz who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Four characteristics have been Raised from my-saww community – what they are mistaken about, and what they forget, and what they are coerced upon, and what they cannot endure.
وَ ذَلِكَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى رَبَّنا لا تُؤاخِذْنا إِنْ نَسِينا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنا رَبَّنا وَ لا تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنا إِصْراً كَما حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِنا رَبَّنا وَ لا تُحَمِّلْنا ما لا طاقَةَ لَنا بِهِ وَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ إِلَّا مَنْ أُكْرِهَ وَ قَلْبُهُ مُطْمَئِنٌّ بِالْإِيمانِ
And that is in the Book of Allah-azwj, the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: ‘Our Lord! Do not Seize us if we forget or we make a mistake. Our Lord! And do not Load upon us a burden like what You Loaded upon those from before us. Our Lord! And do not Load upon us what we have no strength for us with it [2:286]. except for the one coerced, and his heart is content with the Eman [16:106]’’.[227]
28- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ أَ تَسْتَطِيعُ النَّفْسُ الْمَعْرِفَةَ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا فَقُلْتُ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ كانَتْ أَعْيُنُهُمْ فِي غِطاءٍ عَنْ ذِكْرِي وَ كانُوا لا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَمْعاً قَالَ هُوَ كَقَوْلِهِ ما كانُوا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ السَّمْعَ وَ ما كانُوا يُبْصِرُونَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Muhammad Bin Hakeem,
‘Raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws, ‘Is the soul capable of the recognition?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘Allah-azwj is Saying: ‘Those whose eyes were under a cover from My Zikr (Mention) and they were unable to hear [18:101]’. He-asws said: ‘It is like His-azwj Words: They could not bear the listening and they were not seeing [11:20]’.
قُلْتُ فَعَابَهُمْ قَالَ لَمْ يَعِبْهُمْ بِمَا صَنَعَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ لَكِنْ عَابَهُمْ بِمَا صَنَعُوا وَ لَوْ لَمْ يَتَكَلَّفُوا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِمْ شَيْءٌ
I said, ‘He-azwj Criticised them?’ He-asws said: ‘He-azwj did not Criticise them with what they had done in their hearts, but He-azwj Criticised them with what they had done, and if they had not performed it, they would not have been anything upon them’’.[228]
29- كا، الكافي عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ وَ سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَجِيءُ مِنْهُ الشَّيْءُ عَلَى حَدِّ الْغَضَبِ يُؤَاخِذُهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ali Bi nAtiya,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I was in his-asws presence, and a man asked him-asws about a man from whom comes something upon a limit of the anger, would Allah-azwj Seize him for it?’
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ أَكْرَمُ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْتَغْلِقَ عَبْدَهُ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is more benevolent than to restrict His-azwj servant’.
وَ فِي نُسْخَةِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع يَسْتَقْلِقَ عَبْدَهُ
And in a copy of Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st: ‘Worry His-azwj servant’’.[229]
باب 15 علة خلق العباد و تكليفهم و العلة التي من أجلها جعل الله في الدنيا اللذات و الآلام و المحن
CHAPTER 15 – THE REASON FOR THE CREATION OF THE SERVANTS AND THEIR ENCUMBERMENT, AND THE REASON DUE TO WHICH ALLAH MADE IN THE WORLD, THE PLEASURES AND THE PAINS, AND THE ADVERSITIES
الآيات الحجر وَ ما خَلَقْنَا السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ وَ ما بَيْنَهُما إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَ إِنَّ السَّاعَةَ لَآتِيَةٌ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Hijr: And We did not Create the skies and the earth and what is between them except with the Truth. And surely the Hour would come, [15:85]
الأنبياء وَ ما خَلَقْنَا السَّماءَ وَ الْأَرْضَ وَ ما بَيْنَهُما لاعِبِينَ
(Surah) Al Anbiya: And We did not Create the sky and the earth and what is between the two for sport [21:16]
لَوْ أَرَدْنا أَنْ نَتَّخِذَ لَهْواً لَاتَّخَذْناهُ مِنْ لَدُنَّا إِنْ كُنَّا فاعِلِينَ
Had We Wanted to Take to sport, We would have Taken to it from Ourselves if We Wanted to Do so [21:17]
بَلْ نَقْذِفُ بِالْحَقِّ عَلَى الْباطِلِ فَيَدْمَغُهُ فَإِذا هُوَ زاهِقٌ وَ لَكُمُ الْوَيْلُ مِمَّا تَصِفُونَ
But, We Hurl the Truth upon the falsehood, so it confutes it, and then it vanishes. And for you is the woe from what you are ascribing [21:18]
المؤمن أَ فَحَسِبْتُمْ أَنَّما خَلَقْناكُمْ عَبَثاً وَ أَنَّكُمْ إِلَيْنا لا تُرْجَعُونَ
(Surah) Al Momineen: Did you reckon that rather We had Created you in vain and that you would not be returning to Us?” [23:115]
الفرقان قُلْ ما يَعْبَؤُا بِكُمْ رَبِّي لَوْ لا دُعاؤُكُمْ فَقَدْ كَذَّبْتُمْ فَسَوْفَ يَكُونُ لِزاماً
(Surah) Al Furqan: Say: ‘My Lord would not care for you were it not for your supplications, but you have belied, so soon the inevitable would happen [25:77]
الروم أَ وَ لَمْ يَتَفَكَّرُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ ما خَلَقَ اللَّهُ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ وَ ما بَيْنَهُما إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَ أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى وَ إِنَّ كَثِيراً مِنَ النَّاسِ بِلِقاءِ رَبِّهِمْ لَكافِرُونَ
(Surah) Al Roum: Or do they not reflect within themselves? Allah did not Create the skies and the earth and what is between the two except with the Truth, and for a specified term, and surely most of the people are deniers of the meeting with their Lord [30:8]
و قال تعالى ظَهَرَ الْفَسادُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ بِما كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِي النَّاسِ لِيُذِيقَهُمْ بَعْضَ الَّذِي عَمِلُوا لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ
And the Exalted Said: Corruption has appeared in the land and the sea due to what the hands of the people have earned, for Him to Make them taste some of that which they have done, perhaps they would be returning [30:41]
الأحزاب إِنَّا عَرَضْنَا الْأَمانَةَ عَلَى السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ الْجِبالِ فَأَبَيْنَ أَنْ يَحْمِلْنَها وَ أَشْفَقْنَ مِنْها وَ حَمَلَهَا الْإِنْسانُ إِنَّهُ كانَ ظَلُوماً جَهُولًا
(Surah) Al Ahzaab: Surely, We Presented the Entrustment to the skies, and the earth, and the mountains, but they refused to bear it and feared from it, and the human being bore it; he was unjust, ignorant [33:72]
ص وَ ما خَلَقْنَا السَّماءَ وَ الْأَرْضَ وَ ما بَيْنَهُما باطِلًا ذلِكَ ظَنُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا
(Surah) Suad: And We did not Create the sky and the earth and what is between the two in vain. That is the thinking of those who commit Kufr [38:27]
الزمر خَلَقَ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ بِالْحَقِ
(Surah) Al Zumar: He Created the skies and the earth by the Truth. [39:5]
حمعسق وَ ما أَصابَكُمْ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ فَبِما كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَ يَعْفُوا عَنْ كَثِيرٍ
(Surah) Al Shura: And whatever difficulty afflicts you it is regarding what your hands have earned, and He Pardons a lot [42:30]
الدخان وَ ما خَلَقْنَا السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ وَ ما بَيْنَهُما لاعِبِينَ ما خَلَقْناهُما إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَ لكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لا يَعْلَمُونَ
(Surah) Al Dukhan: And We did not Create the skies and the earth and what is between them for sport [44:38] We did not Create them both except with the Truth, but most of them do not know [44:39]
الجاثية وَ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ وَ لِتُجْزى كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِما كَسَبَتْ وَ هُمْ لا يُظْلَمُونَ
(Surah) Al Jaasiya: And Allah Created the skies and the earth with the Truth, and for Recompensing every soul with what it had earned, and they would not be wronged [45:22]
الأحقاف ما خَلَقْنَا السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ وَ ما بَيْنَهُما إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَ أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى
(Surah) Al Ahqaf: We did not Create the skies and the earth and what is between them except with the Truth and a specified term. [46:3]
الذاريات وَ ما خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَ الْإِنْسَ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُونِ ما أُرِيدُ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ رِزْقٍ وَ ما أُرِيدُ أَنْ يُطْعِمُونِ
(Surah) Al Zariyaat: And I have not Created the Jinn and the Humans except to be worshipping Me [51:56] ‘I do not want any sustenance from them, and I do not want that they should feed me [51:57]
القيامة أَ يَحْسَبُ الْإِنْسانُ أَنْ يُتْرَكَ سُدىً
(Surah) Al Qayamat: Does the human being reckon that he would be left in vain? [75:36]
1- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: خَرَجَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ مَا خَلَقَ الْعِبَادَ إِلَّا لِيَعْرِفُوهُ فَإِذَا عَرَفُوهُ عَبَدُوهُ فَإِذَا عَبَدُوهُ اسْتَغْنَوْا بِعِبَادَتِهِ عَنْ عِبَادَةِ مَا سِوَاهُ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Al Husayn Bin Ubeydullah, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Abu Usman, from Abdul Kareem Bin Ubeydullah, from Salmat Bin Ata’a,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws met out to his-asws companion and he-asws said: ‘O you people! Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Mention did not Create the servants except to recognise Him-azwj. So, when they recognise Him-azwj, they worship Him-azwj. When they worship Him-azwj they become needless by His-azwj worship from worshipping what is besides Him-azwj’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي فَمَا مَعْرِفَةُ اللَّهِ قَالَ مَعْرِفَةُ أَهْلِ كُلِّ زَمَانٍ إِمَامَهُمُ الَّذِي يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمْ طَاعَتُهُ
A man said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! May my father and my mother (be sacrificed) for you-asws! And what is the recognition of Allah-azwj?’ He-asws said: ‘Recognition by the people of every era, of their Imam-asws, obedience to whom is Obligated upon them’.[230]
2- ع، علل الشرائع الطَّالَقَانِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْجَلُودِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الصَّادِقَ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ ع فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لِمَ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ الْخَلْقَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Al Talaqany, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya Al Jaloudy, from Muhammad Bin Zakariya, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Amarat, from his father who said,
‘I asked Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws bin Muhammad-asws saying to him-asws, ‘Why did Allah-azwj Create the creatures?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَخْلُقْ خَلْقَهُ عَبَثاً وَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْهُمْ سُدًى بَلْ خَلَقَهُمْ لِإِظْهَارِ قُدْرَتِهِ وَ لِيُكَلِّفَهُمْ طَاعَتَهُ فَيَسْتَوْجِبُوا بِذَلِكَ رِضْوَانَهُ وَ مَا خَلَقَهُمْ لِيَجْلِبَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْفَعَةً وَ لَا لِيَدْفَعَ بِهِمْ مَضَرَّةً بَلْ خَلَقَهُمْ لِيَنْفَعَهُمْ وَ يُوصِلَهُمْ إِلَى نَعِيمِ الْأَبَدِ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted did not Created His-azwj creation in vain, and did not Leave them in vain, but He-azwj Created them for the Manifestation of His-azwj Power, and to Encumber them His-azwj obedience, so they would be Obligated His-azwj Pleasure by that, and did not Created them to gain benefit from them, nor to repel any harm with them, but Created them to Benefit them and their arrival to the perpetual Bliss’’.[231]
3- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ هَارُونَ عَنِ ابْنِ زِيَادٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِجَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّا خُلِقْنَا لِلْعَجَبِ قَالَ وَ مَا ذَاكَ اللَّهَ أَنْتَ قَالَ خُلِقْنَا لِلْفَنَاءِ فَقَالَ مَهْ يَا ابْنَ أَخِ خُلِقْنَا لِلْبَقَاءِ وَ كَيْفَ تَفْنَى جَنَّةٌ لَا تَبِيدُ وَ نَارٌ لَا تَخْمُدُ وَ لَكِنْ قُلْ إِنَّمَا نَتَحَوَّلُ مِنْ دَارٍ إِلَى دَارٍ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Al Humeyri, from Haroun, from Ibn Ziyad who said,
‘A man said to Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, ‘O Abu Abdullah-asws! We have been Created for the wonderment?’ He-asws said: ‘And what is that? You are for Allah-azwj’. He said, ‘He-azwj Created us for the perishing?’ He-asws said: ‘Shh, O cousin! We-asws are Created for the remaining, and who will be perish (and) the neither will the Paradise be eradicated nor will the Fire be extinguished? But say, ‘Rather we will be transferred from a house to a house’’.[232]
4- ع، علل الشرائع الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ ضُرَيْسٍ الْبَجَلِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ هَارُونَ الْكَرْخِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ سَلَّامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَلَّامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَخِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: فِي صُحُفِ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ ع يَا عِبَادِي إِنِّي لَمْ أَخْلُقِ الْخَلْقَ لِأَسْتَكْثِرَ بِهِمْ مِنْ قِلَّةٍ وَ لَا لِآنَسَ بِهِمْ مِنْ وَحْشَةٍ وَ لَا لِأَسْتَعِينَ بِهِمْ عَلَى شَيْءٍ عَجَزْتُ عَنْهُ وَ لَا لِجَرِّ مَنْفَعَةٍ وَ لَا لِدَفْعِ مَضَرَّةٍ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ جَمِيعَ خَلْقِي مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى طَاعَتِي وَ عِبَادَتِي لَا يَفْتُرُونَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ لَيْلًا وَ لَا نَهَاراً مَا زَادَ ذَلِكَ فِي مِلْكِي شَيْئاً سُبْحَانِي وَ تَعَالَيْتُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ
Al Husayn Bin Yahya Bin Zareys Al Bajaly, from his father, from Muhammad bin Amarat al Sakry, from Ibrahim Bin Aasim, from Abdullah Bin Haroun Al Karkhy, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah Bin Yazeed Bin Salam Bin Abdullah, a freed slave of Rasool-Allah-saww, from his father Abdullah, from his father Yzaeed, from his father Salam Bin Abdullah, brother of Abdullah Bin Salam, from Abdullah Bin Salam, a freed slave of Rasool-Allah-saww who said,
‘In a Parchment of Musa Bin Imran-as: “O My-azwj servants! I-azwj did not Create the creatures to Multiply them out of scarcity, nor for the comfort with them out of loneliness, nor to be assisted by them upon something I-asws am unable upon, nor to flow any benefits nor to repel a harm; and it the entirety of My-azwj creatures from the inhabitants of the skies and the earth were to gather upon obeying Me-azwj and worshipping Me-azwj, neither inventing from that a night nor a day, that would not increase anything in My-azwj Kingdom. Glorious am I-azwj and Exalted from that!”[233] (P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)
5- ع، علل الشرائع السِّنَانِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنِ النَّخَعِيِّ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ ما خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَ الْإِنْسَ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُونِ قَالَ خَلَقَهُمْ لِيَأْمُرَهُمْ بِالْعِبَادَةِ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Al Sanany, from Muhammad al Asady, from Al Nakhaie, from Al Nowfaly, from Ali Bin Salam, from his father, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And I have not Created the Jinn and the Humans except to be worshipping Me [51:56]. He-asws said: ‘Created them to Command them for the worship’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لا يَزالُونَ مُخْتَلِفِينَ إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ رَبُّكَ وَ لِذلِكَ خَلَقَهُمْ قَالَ خَلَقَهُمْ لِيَفْعَلُوا مَا يَسْتَوْجِبُونَ بِهِ رَحْمَتَهُ فَيَرْحَمَهُمْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: and they will not stop differing [11:118] Except the one whom your Lord shows Mercy, and it is for that He Created them. [11:119]. He-asws said: ‘Created them so they would be doing what they would be Obligated His-azwj Mercy with, and He-azwj would be Merciful with them’’.[234]
6- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ النَّهِيكِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الطَّاطَرِيِّ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ ما خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَ الْإِنْسَ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُونِ فَقَالَ خَلَقَهُمْ لِلْعِبَادَةِ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Barqy, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad Al Naheyki, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Al tatary, from Dorost, from Jameel who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! What is the meaning of the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And I have not Created the Jinn and the Humans except to be worshipping Me [51:56]?’ He-asws said: ‘Created them for the worship’’.[235]
7- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ ما خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَ الْإِنْسَ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُونِ قَالَ خَلَقَهُمْ لِلْعِبَادَةِ قُلْتُ خَاصَّةً أَمْ عَامَّةً قَالَ لَا بَلْ عَامَّةً
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Sa’ad Abady, from Al Baqy, from Al Hassan Bin Fazal, from Sa’alba, from Jameel,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, the (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And I have not Created the Jinn and the Humans except to be worshipping Me [51:56]. He-asws said: ‘Created them for the worship’. I said, ‘Especially or generally?’ He-asws said: ‘No, but generally (for the worship)’’.[236]
8 ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ قَالَ: إِنَّمَا جُعِلَتِ الْعَاهَاتُ فِي أَهْلِ الْحَاجَةِ لِئَلَّا يَسْتَتِرُوا وَ لَوْ جُعِلَتْ فِي الْأَغْنِيَاءِ لَسُتِرَتْ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hafs Bin Al Bakhtary who said,
‘But rather, the calamities have been Made to be among the needy people, perhaps they would run for cover, and had it been Made to be among the rich, it would have been hidden’’.[237] (P.s. – this is not a Hadeeth)
9- لي، الأمالي للصدوق الْعَطَّارُ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ النَّهْدِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا كَثُرَتْ ذُنُوبُهُ وَ لَمْ يَجِدْ مَا يُكَفِّرُهَا بِهِ ابْتَلَاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِالْحُزْنِ فِي الدُّنْيَا لِيُكَفِّرَهَا فَإِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ بِهِ وَ إِلَّا أَسْقَمَ بَدَنَهُ لِيُكَفِّرَهَا بِهِ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ بِهِ وَ إِلَّا شَدَّدَ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ لِيُكَفِّرَهَا بِهِ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ بِهِ وَ إِلَّا عَذَّبَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ لِيَلْقَى اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَوْمَ يَلْقَاهُ وَ لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ يَشْهَدُ عَلَيْهِ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ
‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Al Attar, from Sa’ad, from Al Nahdy, from Ibn Mahboub, from Sama’at,
‘From Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘When the servant frequents his sins and does not find what he can expiate these with, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Tries him with the grief in the world in order to expiate these. Either He-azwj Does that with him, or else He-azwj would Make his body sick in order to expiate these with it. Either He-azwj Does that with him, or else He-azwj would Make it difficult for him at his death in order to expiate these with it. Either He-azwj Does that with him, or else He-azwj would Punish him in his grave in order to him to meet Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic on the Day he meets Him-azwj, and there wouldn’t be anything which can be testified against him with anything from his sins’’.[238]
10- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْغَضَائِرِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْكُلَيْنِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ النَّيْسَابُورِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِمَنِّهِ وَ رَحْمَتِهِ لَمَّا فَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْفَرَائِضَ لَمْ يَفْرِضْ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْكُمْ لِحَاجَةٍ مِنْهُ إِلَيْهِ بَلْ رَحْمَةً مِنْهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ لِيَمِيزَ الْخَبِيثَ مِنَ الطَّيِّبِ وَ لِيَبْتَلِيَ مَا فِي صُدُورِكُمْ وَ لِيُمَحِّصَ ما فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ وَ لِتَتَسَابَقُوا إِلَى رَحْمَتِهِ وَ لِتَتَفَاضَلَ مَنَازِلُكُمْ فِي جَنَّتِهِ إِلَى آخِرِ مَا سَيَأْتِي فِي كِتَابِ الْإِمَامَةِ
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Gazairy, from Ali Bin Muhammad al Alawy, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Salih, from Al Kulayni, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Is’haq Bin Ismail Al Neysapouri,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Obligated the Obligations upon you, He-azwj did not Obligate that upon you for a need from Him-azwj to it, but as a Mercy from Him-azwj. There is no god Except Him-azwj, in order to distinguish the wicked from the good, and to Test what is in your chests, and to Purify what is in your hearts, and for you to race to His-azwj Mercy, and to rank your statuses in His-azwj Paradise – up to end of what I (Majlisi) shall be coming with in the book of Imamate’’.[239]
11 نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي بَعْضِ خُطَبِهِ بَعَثَ رُسُلَهُ بِمَا خَصَّهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ وَحْيِهِ وَ جَعَلَهُمْ حُجَّةً لَهُ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ لِئَلَّا تَجِبَ الْحُجَّةُ لَهُمْ بِتَرْكِ الْإِعْذَارِ إِلَيْهِمْ فَدَعَاهُمْ بِلِسَانِ الصِّدْقِ إِلَى سَبِيلِ الْحَقِّ أَلَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ كَشَفَ الْحَقَّ كَشْفَةً لَا أَنَّهُ جَهِلَ مَا أَخْفَوْهُ مِنْ مَصُونِ أَسْرَارِهِمْ وَ مَكْنُونِ ضَمَائِرِهِمْ وَ لَكِنْ لِيَبْلُوَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًا فَيَكُونَ الثَّوَابُ جَزَاءً وَ الْعِقَابُ بَوَاءً
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said in one of his-asws sermons: ‘He-azwj Sent His-azwj Rasools-as with what He-azwj had Specialised them-as with from His-azwj Revelation, and Made them as Divine Authorities upon His-azwj creatures, perhaps the proof would be obligated for them leaving the excuses to them. He-azwj Called them with the truthful tongue to the way of the Truth, except that Allah-azwj had already Uncovered the Truth, not that He-azwj was ignorant from what was hidden from their protected secrets and the hidden of their intentions, but in order to Test them which of them were of good deeds, so the Rewards would become a recompense and the Punishment, a necessity’’.[240]
12- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ هَارُونَ عَنِ ابْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَوْ لَا ثَلَاثٌ فِي ابْنِ آدَمَ مَا طَأْطَأَ رَأْسَهُ شَيْءٌ الْمَرَضُ وَ الْفَقْرُ وَ الْمَوْتُ وَ كُلُّهُمْ فِيهِ وَ إِنَّهُ مَعَهُمْ لَوَثَّابٌ
‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Al Humeyri, from Haroun, from Ibn Ziyad,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Had it not been for three (things) in the children of Adam-as, he would not have lowered his head (in humbleness) for anything – the sickness and the poverty and the death, and all of them would be in him and he would be with them if he is Rewarded’’.[241]
13- ج، الإحتجاج وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ اتَّصَلَ بِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّ قَوْماً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ خَاضُوا فِي التَّعْدِيلِ وَ التَّجْوِيرِ فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمَّا خَلَقَ خَلْقَهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَكُونُوا عَلَى آدَابٍ رَفِيعَةٍ وَ أَخْلَاقٍ شَرِيفَةٍ فَعَلِمَ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَكُونُوا كَذَلِكَ إِلَّا بِأَنْ يُعَرِّفَهُمْ مَا لَهُمْ وَ مَا عَلَيْهِمْ
‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – And it is reported that it reached Amir Al-Momineen-asws that a group from his-asws companions were indulging in the modifications and the injustices, so he-asws went out until he-asws ascended the pulpit, and he-asws praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, then said: ‘O you people! When Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Created His-azwj creatures, He-azwj Wanted them to happen to be upon high ethics, and noble morals, but He-azwj Knew that they would not be happening to be like that until if He-azwj Introduces them to what is for them and what is against them.
وَ التَّعْرِيفُ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا بِالْأَمْرِ وَ النَّهْيِ وَ الْأَمْرُ وَ النَّهْيُ لَا يَجْتَمِعَانِ إِلَّا بِالْوَعْدِ وَ الْوَعِيدِ وَ الْوَعْدُ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا بِالتَّرْغِيبِ وَ الْوَعِيدُ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا بِالتَّرْهِيبِ وَ التَّرْغِيبُ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا بِمَا تَشْتَهِيهِ أَنْفُسُهُمْ وَ تَلَذُّهُ أَعْيُنُهُمْ وَ التَّرْهِيبُ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا بِضِدِّ ذَلِكَ
And the introduction cannot happen except by the Commands and the Prohibitions; and the Commands and the Prohibition cannot be together except with the Promises and the Threats; and the Promise cannot happen except with the desire, and the Threat cannot happen except with the fear; and the desire cannot happen except with what they desire themselves and pleases their eyes, and the fear cannot happen except with the opposite of that.
ثُمَّ خَلَقَهُمْ فِي دَارِهِ وَ أَرَاهُمْ طَرَفاً مِنَ اللَّذَّاتِ لِيَسْتَدِلُّوا بِهِ عَلَى مَا وَرَاءَهُمْ مِنَ اللَّذَّاتِ الْخَالِصَةِ الَّتِي لَا يَشُوبُهَا أَلَمٌ أَلَا وَ هِيَ الْجَنَّةُ
Then He-azwj Created them in His-azwj house (world) and Showed them a part of the pleasures to be pointed with upon what would be coming to them from the pure pleasures which is not stained by a pain. Indeed, and it is the Paradise!
وَ أَرَاهُمْ طَرَفاً مِنَ الْآلَامِ لِيَسْتَدِلُّوا بِهِ عَلَى مَا وَرَاءَهُمْ مِنَ الْآلَامِ الْخَالِصَةِ الَّتِي لَا يَشُوبُهَا لَذَّةٌ أَلَا وَ هِيَ النَّارُ فَمِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ تَرَوْنَ نَعِيمَ الدُّنْيَا مَخْلُوطاً بِمِحَنِهَا وَ سُرُورِهَا مَمْزُوجاً بِكَدِرِهَا وَ غُمُومِهَا
And He-azwj Showed them part of the pains to be pointed with upon what would be coming to them from the pure pains which are not stained by a pleasure. Indeed, and it is the Fire! Thus, from that reason you are seeing the bounties of the world mingled with its trials, and its joys mixed with its annoyances and its sadness’’.[242]
14- ج، الإحتجاج رَوَى هِشَامُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ الزِّنْدِيقُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ خَلَقَ الْخَلْقَ وَ هُوَ غَيْرُ مُحْتَاجٍ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ لَا مُضْطَرٍّ إِلَى خَلْقِهِمْ وَ لَا يَلِيقُ بِهِ الْعَبَثُ بِنَا
‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – It is reported by Hisham Bin Al Hakam
The atheist asked Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘From which reason did He-azwj Create the creatures and He-azwj was not needy to them nor desperate to Create them, nor it is befitting with Him-azwj to be toying with us?’
قَالَ خَلَقَهُمْ لِإِظْهَارِ حِكْمَتِهِ وَ إِنْفَاذِ عِلْمِهِ وَ إِمْضَاءِ تَدْبِيرِهِ قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ لَا يَقْتَصِرُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الدَّارِ فَيَجْعَلَهَا دَارَ ثَوَابِهِ وَ مَحْبِسَ عِقَابِهِ
He-asws said: ‘He-azwj Created them for the Manifestation of His-azwj Wisdom, and Implementation of His-azwj Knowledge, and Ordainment of His-azwj Management. He-asws said, ‘And how come He-azwj did not Confine upon this house (world) and Make is a house of His-azwj Rewards and a prison of His-azwj Punishment?’
قَالَ إِنَّ هَذِهِ دَارُ بَلَاءٍ وَ مَتْجَرُ الثَّوَابِ وَ مُكْتَسَبُ الرَّحْمَةِ مُلِئَتْ آفَاتٍ وَ طُبِّقَتْ شَهَوَاتٍ لِيَخْتَبِرَ فِيهَا عِبَادَهُ بِالطَّاعَةِ فَلَا يَكُونُ دَارُ عَمَلٍ دَارَ جَزَاءٍ الْخَبَرَ
He-asws said: ‘This is a house of a house of afflictions and a store of the shop for the Rewards, and a earning of the Mercy, filled with calamities and layers of lustful desires in order to Test His-azwj servants therein with the obedience, therefore the house of work cannot happen to be a house of the Recompense’ – the Hadeeth’. [243]
15- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْحَسَنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْجَوَادِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع الْمَرَضُ لَا أَجْرَ فِيهِ وَ لَكِنَّهُ لَا يَدَعُ عَلَى الْعَبْدِ ذَنْباً إِلَّا حَطَّهُ وَ إِنَّمَا الْأَجْرُ فِي الْقَوْلِ بِاللِّسَانِ وَ الْعَمَلِ بِالْجَوَارِحِ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِكَرَمِهِ وَ فَضْلِهِ يُدْخِلُ الْعَبْدَ بِصِدْقِ النِّيَّةِ وَ السَّرِيرَةِ الصَّالِحَةِ الْجَنَّةَ
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – A group, from Abu Al Mufazzal, from Abdullah Bin Al Husayn Al Alawy, from Abdul Azeem Al Hasny,
‘From Abu Ja’far Al-Jawwad-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The illness, there is no Recompense in it, but it does not call upon the servant for a sin except it unloads it, and rather the Recompense is in the words by the tongue and the work by the limbs; and that Allah-azwj, by His-azwj Benevolence and His-azwj Grace, would Enter the servants, due to the truthful intentions and righteous hearts (inner feelings), into the Paradise’’.[244]
16- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ وَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْعُمَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي الْمَرَضِ يُصِيبُ الصَّبِيَّ قَالَ كَفَّارَةٌ لِوَالِدَيْهِ
‘Sawab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees and Muhammad Al Attar together, from Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Hasaan, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad al Nowfaly, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Isa Ibn Abdullah Al Amiry, from his father, from his grandfather,
From Amir Al-Momineen-asws regarding the illness which hits the child? He-asws said: ‘An expiation for his parents’’.[245]
17- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ ما خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَ الْإِنْسَ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُونِ قَالَ خَلَقَهُمْ لِلْعِبَادَةِ
From Yaqoub Bin Shuayb,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: And I have not Created the Jinn and the Humans except to be worshipping Me [51:56]. He-asws said: ‘Created them for the worship’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ قَوْلُهُ لا يَزالُونَ مُخْتَلِفِينَ إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ رَبُّكَ وَ لِذلِكَ خَلَقَهُمْ فَقَالَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ بَعْدَ تِلْكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘And His-azwj Words: and they will not stop differing [11:118] Except the one whom your Lord shows Mercy, and it is for that He Created them. [11:119]?’ He-asws said: ‘This was Revealed after that one’’.[246]
18- كشف، كشف الغمة من كتاب الدلائل للحميري عن داود بن أعين قال تفكرت في قول الله تعالى وَ ما خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَ الْإِنْسَ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُونِ قلت خلقوا للعبادة و يعصون و يعبدون غيره و الله لأسألن جعفرا عن هذه الآية
‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ – From the book ‘Al Dalaail’ of Al Humeyri, from Dawood Bin Ayn who said,
‘I thought regarding the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: And I have not Created the Jinn and the Humans except to be worshipping Me [51:56]. I said, ‘They were Created for the worship, and they are disobeying and are worshipping apart from Him-azwj. By Allah-azwj, I shall ask Ja’far-asws about this Verse’.
فأتيت الباب فجلست أريد الدخول عليه إذ رفع صوته فقرأ وَ ما خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَ الْإِنْسَ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُونِ ثم قرأ لا تَدْرِي لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يُحْدِثُ بَعْدَ ذلِكَ أَمْراً فعرفت أنها منسوخة
I came to the door and sat, wanting the entry to see him-asws, when he-asws raised his-asws voice and recited: ‘And I have not Created the Jinn and the Humans except to be worshipping Me [51:56]’. Then he-asws recited: ‘You don’t know, perhaps Allah would Bring about a new Command after that’ [65:1]’. I realised that it is Abrogated’’.[247]
باب 16 عموم التكاليف
CHAPTER 16 – GENERAL ENCUMBERMENTS
الآيات المدثر يَتَساءَلُونَ عَنِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ ما سَلَكَكُمْ فِي سَقَرَ قالُوا لَمْ نَكُ مِنَ الْمُصَلِّينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Muddasir): they would be asking [74:40] From the criminals [74:41] What brought you into Saqar (Inferno)? [74:42] They shall say, ‘We were not from the Musalleen [74:43]
1- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيامُ قَالَ هِيَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ خَاصَّةً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Al Barqy, from one of our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: O you those who are believing! Fasting is Prescribed upon you [2:183], he-asws said: ‘It is for the Momineen in particular’’.[248]
2- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتالُ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيامُ قَالَ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ كُلُّهَا تَجْمَعُ الضُّلَّالَ وَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَ كُلَّ مَنْ أَقَرَّ بِالدَّعْوَةِ الظَّاهِرَةِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Jameel Bin Darraj who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: Fighting is enjoined upon you [2:216], O you those who are believing! Fasting is Prescribed upon you [2:183]. He-asws said: ‘All these are gathered upon the straying ones, and the hypocrites, and everyone who accepted the call (of Al-Islam) apparently’’.[249]
3- نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع اعْلَمُوا أَنَّهُ لَنْ يَرْضَى عَنْكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ سَخِطَهُ عَلَى مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ وَ لَنْ يَسْخَطَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ رَضِيَهُ مِمَّنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ وَ إِنَّمَا تَسِيرُونَ فِي أَثَرٍ بَيِّنٍ وَ تَتَكَلَّمُونَ بِرَجْعِ قَوْلٍ قَدْ قَالَهُ الرِّجَالُ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Know that He-azwj will never be Pleased from you with anything He-azwj Angered with upon the ones who were before you, and will never be Wrathful upon you with anything He-azwj was Pleased with from the ones who were before you’’.[250]
باب 17 أن الملائكة يكتبون أعمال العباد
CHAPTER 17 – THE ANGELS ARE RECORDING THE DEEDS OF THE SERVANTS
الآيات الأنعام وَ هُوَ الْقاهِرُ فَوْقَ عِبادِهِ وَ يُرْسِلُ عَلَيْكُمْ حَفَظَةً
The Verses – (Surah) Al Anaam: And He is the Omnipotent above His servants, and He Sends protectors over you [6:61]
يونس إِنَّ رُسُلَنا يَكْتُبُونَ ما تَمْكُرُونَ
(Surah) Yunus-as: Our Messengers are writing down what you are plotting’ [10:21]
الرعد لَهُ مُعَقِّباتٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ يَحْفَظُونَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ
(Surah) Al Ra’ad: For him are successive Angels in front of him and behind him, who guard him by Allah’s Command. [13:11]
مريم كَلَّا سَنَكْتُبُ ما يَقُولُ
(Surah) Maryam-as: Never! We shall Record what he is saying [19:79]
الأنبياء فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِنَ الصَّالِحاتِ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلا كُفْرانَ لِسَعْيِهِ وَ إِنَّا لَهُ كاتِبُونَ
(Surah) Al Anbiya: So, one who does from the righteous deeds and he is a Momin, then there will be no denying his exertion, and We are the Writers for him [21:94]
المؤمنون وَ لَدَيْنا كِتابٌ يَنْطِقُ بِالْحَقِ وَ هُمْ لا يُظْلَمُونَ
(Surah) Al Mominoun: and with Us is the Book speaking with the Truth, and they would not be wronged [23:62]
يس وَ نَكْتُبُ ما قَدَّمُوا وَ آثارَهُمْ
(Surah) Yaseen: and We Write down whatever they send forward and their impacts, [36:12]
الزخرف أَمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّا لا نَسْمَعُ سِرَّهُمْ وَ نَجْواهُمْ بَلى وَ رُسُلُنا لَدَيْهِمْ يَكْتُبُونَ
(Surah) Al Zukhruf: Or are they reckoning that We cannot Hear their secrets and their whisperings? Yes! And our Messengers (who are) with them, are recording [43:80]
الجاثية كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ تُدْعى إِلى كِتابِهَا الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ ما كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
(Surah) Al Jaasiya: And you shall see every community kneeling down. Every community would be Called to its Book: “Today you will be Recompensed for what you had been doing!” [45:28]
هذا كِتابُنا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسْتَنْسِخُ ما كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
This is Our Book, speaking to you with the Truth. Surely, We would be Replicating whatever you would have done [45:29]
ق إِذْ يَتَلَقَّى الْمُتَلَقِّيانِ عَنِ الْيَمِينِ وَ عَنِ الشِّمالِ قَعِيدٌ ما يَلْفِظُ مِنْ قَوْلٍ إِلَّا لَدَيْهِ رَقِيبٌ عَتِيدٌ
(Surah) Qaf: When the two receivers receive, seated on the right and on the left [50:17] He does not utter a word except by him is an observer, ready [50:18]
القمر وَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ فَعَلُوهُ فِي الزُّبُرِ وَ كُلُّ صَغِيرٍ وَ كَبِيرٍ مُسْتَطَرٌ
(Surah) Al Qamar: And everything they had done is in the written records [54:52] And everything small and big is Written [54:53]
التكوير وَ إِذَا الصُّحُفُ نُشِرَتْ
(Surah) Al Takweer: And when the books are published [81:10]
الإنفطار وَ إِنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ لَحافِظِينَ كِراماً كاتِبِينَ يَعْلَمُونَ ما تَفْعَلُونَ
(Surah) Al Infitaar: Every soul shall know what it had sent ahead and delayed [82:5]
الطارق إِنْ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ لَمَّا عَلَيْها حافِظٌ
(Surah) Al Taariq: There is not a soul but over it is a keeper [86:4]
Notes –
وَ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: إِنَّ صَاحِبَ الشِّمَالِ لَيَرْفَعُ الْقَلَمَ سِتَّ سَاعَاتٍ عَنِ الْعَبْدِ الْمُسْلِمِ الْمُخْطِئِ أَوِ الْمُسِيءِ فَإِنْ نَدِمَ وَ اسْتَغْفَرَ اللَّهَ مِنْهَا أَلْقَاهَا وَ إِلَّا كَتَبَ وَاحِدَةً
And from Abu Umama, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘The companion (recording Angel) on the left side tends to raise the pen from the servant for six hours – the Muslim making a mistake, or the evil doer who regrets and if he seeks Forgiveness of Allah-azwj from it, it is discarded or else one (sin) is written’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى إِنَّ صَاحِبَ الْيَمِينِ أَمِيرٌ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الشِّمَالِ فَإِذَا عَمِلَ حَسَنَةً كَتَبَهَا لَهُ صَاحِبُ الْيَمِينِ بِعَشْرٍ أَمْثَالِهَا وَ إِذَا عَمِلَ سَيِّئَةً فَأَرَادَ صَاحِبُ الشِّمَالِ أَنْ يَكْتُبَهَا قَالَ لَهُ صَاحِبُ الْيَمِينِ أَمْسِكْ فَيُمْسِكُ عَنْهُ سَبْعَ سَاعَاتٍ فَإِنِ اسْتَغْفَرَ اللَّهَ مِنْهَا لَمْ يُكْتَبْ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ كُتِبَتْ لَهُ سَيِّئَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ
And in another report: ‘The companion (recording Angel) of the right is a governor upon companion (recording Angel) of the left. When he does a good deed, the companion (recording Angel) on the right writes it for him with ten the likes of it; and when he does an evil deed, the companion (recording Angel) on the left intends to write it, the companion on the right says to him, ‘Withhold!’ He withholds from it for seven hours. When he seeks Forgiveness from it, nothing is written against him, and if he does not seek Forgiveness of Allah-azwj, one evil deed is written for (against) him’.
1- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَيْنِ إِذَا قَعَدَا يَتَحَدَّثَانِ قَالَتِ الْحَفَظَةُ بَعْضُهَا لِبَعْضٍ اعْتَزِلُوا بِنَا فَلَعَلَّ لَهُمَا سِرّاً وَ قَدْ سَتَرَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Yahya Bin Al Mubarak, from Abdullah Bin Jabala, from is’haq Bin Amaar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The two Momins sit to narrate Ahadeeth, the Recorders say to each other: ‘Keep aloof with us, perhaps there is a secret for them both and Allah-azwj has Veiled upon them’.
فَقُلْتُ أَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ ما يَلْفِظُ مِنْ قَوْلٍ إِلَّا لَدَيْهِ رَقِيبٌ عَتِيدٌ فَقَالَ يَا إِسْحَاقُ إِنْ كَانَتِ الْحَفَظَةُ لَا تَسْمَعُ فَإِنَّ عَالِمَ السِّرِّ يَسْمَعُ وَ يَرَى
I said, ‘Isn’t Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Saying: He does not utter a word except by him is an observer, ready [50:18]?’ He-asws said: ‘O Is’haq! If the recorders are not hearing, so the Knower of the secrets Hears and Sees’’.[251]
2- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَخْبِرْنِي بِأَفْضَلِ الْمَوَاقِيتِ فِي صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ فَقَالَ مَعَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ وَ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كانَ مَشْهُوداً يَعْنِي صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ تَشْهَدُهُ مَلَائِكَةُ اللَّيْلِ وَ مَلَائِكَةُ النَّهَارِ فَإِذَا صَلَّى الْعَبْدُ الصُّبْحَ مَعَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ أُثْبِتَتْ لَهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَثْبَتَهَا مَلَائِكَةُ اللَّيْلِ وَ مَلَائِكَةُ النَّهَارِ
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali Bin Muhammad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Abdul Rahman Bin Salim, from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Inform me of the most superior timing regarding Salat Al-Fajr’. He-asws said: ‘With the emergence of the dawn. Allah-azwj the Exalted is Saying: and recitation at dawn. Surely the recitation at dawn was always witnessed [17:78] – it means Salat Al-Fajr, it is witnessed by the Angels of the night and Angels of the day. So when the servant prays the morning (Salat) with the emergence of the dawn, it is affirmed twice for him, the Angels of the night affirm it and (so do) the Angels of the day’’.[252]
3- نهج، نهج البلاغة اعْلَمُوا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ أَنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ رَصَداً مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ عُيُوناً مِنْ جَوَارِحِكُمْ وَ حُفَّاظَ صِدْقٍ يَحْفَظُونَ أَعْمَالَكُمْ وَ عَدَدَ أَنْفَاسِكُمْ لَا تَسْتُرُكُمْ مِنْهُمْ ظُلْمَةُ لَيْلٍ دَاجٍ وَ لَا يُكِنُّكُمْ مِنْهُمْ بَابٌ ذُو رِتَاجٍ
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘’Know, O servants of Allah-azwj, that upon you is a guard from your own selves, and spies from your limbs, and truthful preserves preserving your deeds and number of your breaths. Neither does the darkness of the dark night veil you from them, nor does a closed door with locks’’.[253]
4- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مَوْضِعِ الْمَلَكَيْنِ مِنَ الْإِنْسَانِ قَالَ هَاهُنَا وَاحِدٌ وَ هَاهُنَا وَاحِدٌ يَعْنِي عِنْدَ شِدْقَيْهِ
The book of Kaseen Bin Saeed’ – Al Husayn Bin Ulwan, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the place of the two Angels from the human being. He-asws said: ‘’Over here is one, and over here is one’ – meaning by his cheeks’’.[254]
5- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا وَ مَعَهُ مَلَكَانِ يَكْتُبَانِ مَا يَلْفِظُهُ ثُمَّ يَرْفَعَانِ ذَلِكَ إِلَى مَلَكَيْنِ فَوْقَهُمَا فَيُثْبِتَانِ مَا كَانَ مِنْ خَيْرٍ وَ شَرٍّ وَ يُلْقِيَانِ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ
The book of Haseen Bin Saeed – Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muhammad Bin Humran, from Zurara who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘There is no one except and with him are two Angels recording whatever he pronounces, then they raise that to two (other) above them and they affirm whatever was from good and evil, and throw what is besides that’’.[255]
6- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر حَمَّادٌ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: لَا يَكْتُبُ الْمَلَكَانِ إِلَّا مَا نَطَقَ بِهِ الْعَبْدُ
The book of Haseen Bin Saeed – Hamad, from Hareyz, and Ibrahim Bin Umar, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The two Angels are not recording except what the servant speaks with’’.[256]
7- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر حَمَّادٌ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: لَا يَكْتُبُ الْمَلَكُ إِلَّا مَا يَسْمَعُ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ اذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ فِي نَفْسِكَ تَضَرُّعاً وَ خِيفَةً قَالَ لَا يَعْلَمُ ثَوَابَ ذَلِكَ الذِّكْرِ فِي نَفْسِ الْعَبْدِ غَيْرُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى
The book of Haseen Bin Saeed – Hamad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘The Angel does not record except what it hears. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: And remember your Lord within yourself humbly and fearing and without the loudness from the words, [7:205]. No one knows the Reward of that Zikr in the self of the servant apart from Allah-azwj the Exalted’’.[257]
8- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر النَّضْرُ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ فِي الْهَوَاءِ مَلَكاً يُقَالُ لَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ عَلَى ثَلَاثِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ مَلَكٍ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى مِائَةِ أَلْفٍ
The book of Haseen Bin Saeed – Al Nazar, from Husayn Bin Musa, from Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘In the atmosphere there is an Angel called Ismail (in charge) upon thirty thousand Angels, each of them being (in charge) over one hundred thousand.
يُحْصُونَ أَعْمَالَ الْعِبَادِ فَإِذَا كَانَ رَأْسُ السَّنَةِ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ مَلَكاً يُقَالُ لَهُ السِّجِلُّ فَانْتَسَخَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَوْمَ نَطْوِي السَّماءَ كَطَيِّ السِّجِلِّ لِلْكُتُبِ
They are counting the deeds of the servants. When it is the start of the year, Allah-azwj Sends an Angel to them called Al-Sajjil to copy that from them, and it is in the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: On the Day We will Roll up the sky like the rolling up of Al-Sajjil of the writings [21:104]’’.[258]
9- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر النَّضْرُ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِذْ يَتَلَقَّى الْمُتَلَقِّيانِ عَنِ الْيَمِينِ وَ عَنِ الشِّمالِ قَعِيدٌ قَالَ هُمَا الْمَلَكَانِ
The book of Haseen Bin Saeed – Al Nazar, from Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: When the two receivers receive, seated on the right and on the left [50:17], he-asws said: ‘They are the two Angels’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى هذا ما لَدَيَّ عَتِيدٌ قَالَ هُوَ الْمَلَكُ الَّذِي يَحْفَظُ عَلَيْهِ عَمَلَهُ
And I asked him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj the Blessed and Exalted: He does not utter a word except by him is an observer, ready [50:18]. He-asws said: ‘He is the Angel who preserves his deed upon him’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ قالَ قَرِينُهُ رَبَّنا ما أَطْغَيْتُهُ قَالَ هُوَ شَيْطَانٌ
And I asked him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: His paired one will say, ‘Our Lord! I did not make him transgress, but he was in a far straying’ [50:27]. He-asws said: ‘He-la is Satan-la’’.[259]
10- ج، الإحتجاج سَأَلَ الزِّنْدِيقُ الصَّادِقَ ع مَا عِلَّةُ الْمَلَائِكَةِ الْمُوَكَّلِينَ بِعِبَادِهِ يَكْتُبُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ وَ اللَّهُ عَالِمُ السِّرِّ وَ مَا هُوَ أَخْفَى
The atheist asked Al-Sadiq-asws, ‘What is the reason for the Angels Allocated with His-azwj servant writing against them and for them, and Allah-azwj is a Knower of the secrets and whatever is hidden?’
قَالَ اسْتَعْبَدَهُمْ بِذَلِكَ وَ جَعَلَهُمْ شُهُوداً عَلَى خَلْقِهِ لِيَكُونَ الْعِبَادُ لِمُلَازَمَتِهِمْ إِيَّاهُمْ أَشَدَّ عَلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ مُوَاظَبَةً وَ عَنْ مَعْصِيَتِهِ أَشَدَّ انْقِبَاضاً وَ كَمْ مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَهُمُّ بِمَعْصِيَةٍ فَذَكَرَ مَكَانَهَا فَارْعَوَى وَ كَفَّ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي يَرَانِي وَ حَفَظَتِي بِذَلِكَ تَشْهَدُ
He-asws said: He-azwj Enslave them with that and Made them as witnessed upon His-azwj creatures for the servants to be adhered with them, would be stronger and more persevering upon the obedience of Allah-azwj, and would be stronger in continuation in disobeying Him-azwj. And how many a servant thinks of disobeying, then he remembers in its place, so he fears and refrains, and he is saying, ‘My Lord-azwj! My-azwj! And Your-azwj Protecting me with that witness!’
وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِرَأْفَتِهِ وَ لُطْفِهِ أَيْضاً وَكَّلَهُمْ بِعِبَادِهِ يَذُبُّونَ عَنْهُمْ مَرَدَةَ الشَّيَاطِينِ وَ هَوَامَّ الْأَرْضِ وَ آفَاتٍ كَثِيرَةً مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَرَوْنَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ إِلَى أَنْ يَجِيءَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
And that Allah-azwj, by His-azwj Kindness and His-azwj Subtlety as well, Allocated them with His-azwj servant to turn away from them the attacks of the Satans-la, and the vermins of the earth, and a lot of calamities from where they are not seeing, by the Permission of Allah-azwj up to the coming of the Command of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[260]
11- أَقُولُ رُوِيَ فِي كِتَابِ قَضَاءِ الْحُقُوقِ وَ ثَوَابِ الْأَعْمَالِ وَ رِجَالِ الْكَشِّيِّ بِأَسَانِيدِهِمْ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا كَثُرَ مَالِي أَجْلَسْتُ عَلَى بَابِي بَوَّاباً يَرُدُّ عَنِّي فُقَرَاءَ الشِّيعَةِ فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَرَدَّ عَلَيَّ بِوَجْهٍ قَاطِبٍ مُزْوَرٍّ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا الَّذِي غَيَّرَ حَالِي عِنْدَكَ قَالَ تَغَيُّرُكَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُمْ عَلَى دِينِ اللَّهِ وَ لَكِنْ خَشِيتُ الشُّهْرَةَ عَلَى نَفْسِي
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported in the book ‘Qaza Al Huqooq’, and ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’, and ‘Rijal’ of Al Kashy, by their chains, from Is’haq Bin Amar who said,
‘When my wealth was a lot, I sat upon my door with a gate to deter from me the poor Shias. I went to Makkah during that year and I greeted to Abu Abdullah-asws, and he-asws returned (the greeting) upon me with a frowning face. I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! What is that which changed my state in your-asws presence?’ He-asws said: ‘Your changing upon the Momineen’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! By Allah-azwj! I do know they are upon the Religion of Allah-azwj, but I feared the fame upon myself’.
فَقَالَ يَا إِسْحَاقُ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَيْنِ إِذَا الْتَقَيَا فَتَصَافَحَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَ إِبْهَامَيْهِمَا مِائَةَ رَحْمَةٍ تِسْعَةً وَ تِسْعِينَ لِأَشَدِّهِمَا حُبّاً فَإِذَا اعْتَنَقَا غَمَرَتْهُمَا الرَّحْمَةُ فَإِذَا لَبِثَا لَا يُرِيدَانِ بِذَلِكَ إِلَّا وَجْهَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى قِيلَ لَهُمَا غَفَرَ لَكُمَا
He-asws said: ‘O Is’haq! But, do you not know that when the two Momins meet each other and they shake hands, Allah-azwj Sends down one hundred Mercies between their two thumbs, ninety-nine to strengthen their love. When they embrace, the Mercy overwhelms them, and when they both laugh (from happiness), not intending except the Face of Allah-azwj the Exalted, it is said to them: ‘Both of you are Forgiven’.
فَإِذَا جَلَسَا يَتَسَاءَلَانِ قَالَتِ الْحَفَظَةُ بَعْضُهَا لِبَعْضٍ اعْتَزِلُوا بِنَا عَنْهُمَا فَإِنَّ لَهُمَا سِرّاً وَ قَدْ سَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا
When they both sit down, asking about each other, the Recorders say to each other: ‘Keep aloof with us, perhaps there is a secret for them both and Allah-azwj has Veiled upon them’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَلَا تَسْمَعُ الْحَفَظَةُ قَوْلَهُمَا وَ لَا تَكْتُبُهُ وَ قَدْ قَالَ تَعَالَى ما يَلْفِظُ مِنْ قَوْلٍ إِلَّا لَدَيْهِ رَقِيبٌ عَتِيدٌ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! So (then) the Recorders neither hear their words nor record it, and Allah-azwj the Exalted has Said: He does not utter a word except by him is an observer, ready [50:18]?’
قَالَ فَنَكَسَ رَأْسَهُ طَوِيلًا ثُمَّ رَفَعَهُ وَ قَدْ فَاضَتْ دُمُوعُهُ عَلَى لِحْيَتِهِ وَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَتِ الْحَفَظَةُ لَا تَسْمَعُهُ وَ لَا تَكْتُبُهُ فَقَدْ سَمِعَهُ عَالِمُ السِّرِّ وَ أَخْفَى
He (the narrator) said: ‘He-azwj lowered his-asws head for a long time, then raised it, and his-asws tears had trickled upon his-asws beard, and he-asws said: ‘If the Recorder do not hear it so do not record it, so the Knower of the secrets and the hidden (matters) has Heard it.
يَا إِسْحَاقُ خَفِ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ فَإِنْ شَكَكْتَ أَنَّهُ يَرَاكَ فَقَدْ كَفَرْتَ وَ إِنْ أَيْقَنْتَ أَنَّهُ يَرَاكَ ثُمَّ بَارَزْتَهُ بِالْمَعْصِيَةِ فَقَدْ جَعَلْتَهُ أَهْوَنَ النَّاظِرِينَ إِلَيْكَ
O Is’haq! Fear Allah-azwj as if you can see Him-azwj, and if you cannot see Him-azwj, then He-azwj can See you, and if you doubt that He-azwj Sees you, then you have committed Kufr, and if you are certain that He-azwj does See you (and) then you duel Him-azwj by disobeying Him-azwj, then you would have Made Him-azwj to be a weak beholder to you’’.[261]
12 سَعْدُ السُّعُودِ، رَوَاهُ مِنْ كِتَابِ قِصَصِ الْقُرْآنِ لِلْهَيْصَمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيِّ قَالَ: دَخَلَ عُثْمَانُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْعَبْدِ كَمْ مَعَهُ مِنْ مَلَكٍ قَالَ مَلَكٌ عَلَى يَمِينِكَ عَلَى حَسَنَاتِكَ وَ وَاحِدٌ عَلَى الشِّمَالِ فَإِذَا عَمِلْتَ حَسَنَةً كَتَبَ عَشْراً وَ إِذَا عَمِلْتَ سَيِّئَةً قَالَ الَّذِي عَلَى الشِّمَالِ لِلَّذِي عَلَى الْيَمِينِ أَكْتُبُ قَالَ لَعَلَّهُ يَسْتَغْفِرُ وَ يَتُوبُ فَإِذَا قَالَ ثَلَاثاً قَالَ نَعَمْ اكْتُبْ أَرَاحَنَا اللَّهُ مِنْهُ فَبِئْسَ الْقَرِينُ مَا أَقَلَّ مُرَاقَبَتَهُ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَا أَقَلَّ اسْتِحْيَاءَهُ مِنْهُ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ ما يَلْفِظُ مِنْ قَوْلٍ إِلَّا لَدَيْهِ رَقِيبٌ عَتِيدٌ
‘Sa’ad Al Saoud’ – It is reported from the book ‘Qasas Al Quran’ of Al Haysam Bin Muhammad Al Neyshapouri who said,
‘Usman came to Rasool-Allah-saww and he said, ‘Inform me about the servant, how many are there with him?’ He-saww said: ‘An Angel upon your right upon his good deeds, and one upon the left, so when you do a good deed, ten are written, and when you do evil, that who is upon the left says to the one upon the right: ‘Shall I write?’ He says, ‘Perhaps he will seek Forgiveness and repent’. When he has said it three times, he says: ‘Yes, write it. May Allah-azwj Relieve him from it, for it is an evil pairing. How little is his recognition of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic! And how little is his shame from Him-azwj! Allah-azwj is Saying: He does not utter a word except by him is an observer, ready [50:18].
وَ مَلَكَانِ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِكَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ لَهُ مُعَقِّباتٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ وَ مَلَكٌ قَابِضٌ عَلَى نَاصِيَتِكَ فَإِذَا تَوَاضَعْتَ لِلَّهِ رَفَعَكَ وَ إِذَا تَجَبَّرْتَ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَضَعَكَ وَ فَضَحَكَ
And there are two Angels in front of you, and from behind you. Allah-azwj the Glorious is Saying: ‘For him are successive Angels in front of him and behind him, who guard him by Allah’s Command. [13:11]. And there is an Angel grabbing upon your forelock, so when you humble yourself to Allah-azwj, he raises you, and when you are arrogant upon Allah-azwj, he drops you and laughs at you.
وَ مَلَكَانِ عَلَى شَفَتَيْكَ لَيْسَ يَحْفَظَانِ إِلَّا الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ مَلَكٌ قَائِمٌ عَلَى فِيكَ لَا يَدَعُ أَنْ تَدْخُلَ الْحَيَّةُ فِي فِيكَ وَ مَلَكَانِ عَلَى عَيْنَيْكَ
And there are two Angels upon your lips, they are not recording except for the Salawat upon Muhammad-saww. And there is an Angel standing upon your mouth, not letting the snake to enter into your mouth. And there are two Angels upon your eyes.
فَهَذِهِ عَشَرَةُ أَمْلَاكٍ عَلَى كُلِّ آدَمِيٍّ وَ مَلَائِكَةُ اللَّيْلِ سِوَى مَلَائِكَةِ النَّهَارِ فَهَؤُلَاءِ عِشْرُونَ مَلَكاً عَلَى كُلِّ آدَمِيٍّ وَ إِبْلِيسُ بِالنَّهَارِ وَ وُلْدُهُ بِاللَّيْلِ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ إِنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ لَحافِظِينَ الْآيَةَ وَ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِذْ يَتَلَقَّى الْمُتَلَقِّيانِ الْآيَةَ
Thus, these are ten Angels upon every person, and the Angels of the night are besides the Angels of the day, so they are twenty Angels upon every person, and Iblees-la is by the day and his-la children are by the night. Allah-azwj the Exalted Says: And surely upon you are keepers [82:10] – the Verse. And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: When the two receivers receive [50:17]’’.[262]
13- وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّهُمَا إِذَا أَرَادَ النُّزُولَ صَبَاحاً وَ مَسَاءً نَسَخَ لَهُمَا إِسْرَافِيلُ عَمَلَ الْعَبْدِ مِنَ اللَّوْحِ الْمَحْفُوظِ فَيُعْطِيهِمَا ذَلِكَ فَإِذَا صَعِدَا صَبَاحاً وَ مَسَاءً بِدِيوَانِ الْعَبْدِ قَابَلَهُ إِسْرَافِيلُ بِالنُّسْخَةِ الَّتِي نَسَخَ لَهُمَا حَتَّى يَظْهَرَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ كَمَا نَسَخَ لَهُمَا
And in a report, ‘When these two (Angels) want to descend morning and evening, Israfeel copies the deeds of the servants from the Guarded Tablet, and gives that to them. And when they ascend morning and evening with the register of the servant, Israfeel compares it with a copy of their until it appears that it is just as has been copied for them’’.[263] (P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)
14- وَ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الْمَلَكَانِ يَكْتُبَانِ أَعْمَالَ الْعَلَانِيَةِ فِي دِيوَانٍ وَ أَعْمَالَ السِّرِّ فِي دِيوَانٍ آخَرَ
And from Ibn Masoud having said: ‘The two Angels are both recording the public deeds in a register, and the secret deeds in another register’’.[264] (P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)
15- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ لَيَهُمُّ بِالْحَسَنَةِ وَ لَا يَعْمَلُ بِهَا فَتُكْتَبُ لَهُ حَسَنَةٌ فَإِنْ هُوَ عَمِلَهَا كُتِبَتْ لَهُ عَشْرُ حَسَنَاتٍ وَ إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ لَيَهُمُّ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ أَنْ يَعْمَلَهَا فَلَا يَعْمَلُهَا فَلَا تُكْتَبُ عَلَيْهِ
‘Al Kafi’ – The number (of reporters), from Al Barqy, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Momin tends to think of the good deed and does not do it, and a good deed is written for him. Then if he does do it, ten good deeds are written for him; and that the Momin tends to think of the evil deed that he would do it, but does not do it, so it is not written against him’’.[265]
16- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَفْصٍ الْعُوسِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ السَّائِحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَلَكَيْنِ هَلْ يَعْلَمَانِ بِالذَّنْبِ إِذَا أَرَادَ الْعَبْدُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَهُ أَوِ الْحَسَنَةِ فَقَالَ رِيحُ الْكَنِيفِ وَ رِيحُ الطِّيبِ سَوَاءٌ قُلْتُ لَا
‘Al Kafi’ – The number (of reporters), from Al Barqy, from Ali Bin Hafs Al Awsy, from Ali Bin Al Saih,
‘From Abdullah, son of Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, from his father-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the two Angels, ‘Are they knowing the sins when the servant intends to do it, or a good deed?’ He-asws said: ‘The smell of the toilet and the smell of the perfume, are they the same?’ I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا هَمَّ بِالْحَسَنَةِ خَرَجَ نَفَسُهُ طَيِّبَ الرِّيحِ فَقَالَ صَاحِبُ الْيَمِينِ لِصَاحِبِ الشِّمَالِ قُمْ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ هَمَّ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَإِذَا فَعَلَهَا كَانَ لِسَانُهُ قَلَمَهُ وَ رِيقُهُ مِدَادَهُ فَأَثْبَتَهَا لَهُ
He-asws said: ‘When the servant thinks of the good deed, the smell of perfume comes out from his self, and the companion of the right says to the companion of the left, ‘Arise, for he has thought of the good deed’. Then when he does do it, his tongue would be his pen, and his saliva would be his ink, and it would affirmed for him.
وَ إِذَا هَمَّ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ خَرَجَ نَفَسُهُ مُنْتِنَ الرِّيحِ فَيَقُولُ صَاحِبُ الشِّمَالِ لِصَاحِبِ الْيَمِينِ قِفْ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ هَمَّ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ فَإِذَا هُوَ فَعَلَهَا كَانَ لِسَانُهُ قَلَمَهُ وَ رِيقُهُ مِدَادَهُ فَأَثْبَتَهَا عَلَيْهِ
And when he thinks of the evil deed, a pungent smell comes out from his self, so the companion of the left says to the companion of the right, ‘Stop, for he has thought of the evil deed’. Then, when he does do it, his tongue would be his pen, and his saliva would be his ink, and it would be affirmed against him’’.[266]
17- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ الْمُرَادِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ لَمْ يَهْلِكْ عَلَى اللَّهِ بَعْدَهُنَّ إِلَّا هَالِكٌ يَهُمُّ الْعَبْدُ الْحَسَنَةَ فَيَعْمَلُهَا فَإِنْ هُوَ لَمْ يَعْمَلْهَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ حَسَنَةً بِحُسْنِ نِيَّتِهِ وَ إِنْ هُوَ عَمِلَهَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ عَشْراً
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ibn Isa, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Fazeyl Bin Usman Al Murady who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Four (things) on who has these in him would not lose to Allah-azwj after these except he would stray – The servant things of the good deed to do it, so if he does not do it, Allah-azwj would Write a good deed to be for him due to his good intention, and if he does do it, Allah-azwj would Write ten for him.
وَ يَهُمُّ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ أَنْ يَعْمَلَهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَعْمَلْهَا لَمْ يُكْتَبْ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَ إِنْ هُوَ عَمِلَهَا أُجِّلَ سَبْعَ سَاعَاتٍ وَ قَالَ صَاحِبُ الْحَسَنَاتِ لِصَاحِبِ السَّيِّئَاتِ وَ هُوَ صَاحِبُ الشِّمَالِ لَا تَعْجَلْ عَسَى أَنْ يُتْبِعَهَا بِحَسَنَةٍ تَمْحُوهَا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ الْحَسَناتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئاتِ أَوِ الِاسْتِغْفَارَ
And he thinks of the evil deed that he would be doing it, so if he does not do it, nothing is written against him, and if he does do it, he is respited for seven hours, and the companion of the good deeds says to the companion of the evil deeds, and he is the companion of the left, ‘Do not be hasty, perhaps he would follow it up with a good deed to delete it, for Allah-azwj is Saying: Surely the good deeds erase the evil deeds [11:114], or the seeking of Forgiveness.
فَإِنْ هُوَ قَالَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لا إِلهَ إِلَّا هُوَ عالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَ الشَّهادَةِ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ ذُو الْجَلالِ وَ الْإِكْرامِ وَ أَتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ لَمْ يُكْتَبْ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَ إِنْ مَضَتْ سَبْعُ سَاعَاتٍ وَ لَمْ يُتْبِعْهَا بِحَسَنَةٍ وَ لَا اسْتِغْفَارٍ قَالَ صَاحِبُ الْحَسَنَاتِ لِصَاحِبِ السَّيِّئَاتِ اكْتُبْ عَلَى الشَّقِيِّ الْمَحْرُومِ
If he says, ‘I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj Who, there is no god except Him-azwj, Knower of the unseen and the seen, the Mighty the Wise, the Forgiving, the Merciful, One with the Majesty and the Benevolence, and I repent to Him-azwj’, nothing is written against him; and if seven hours pass by and he has not followed it with a good deed nor sought Forgiveness, the companion of the good deeds says to the companion of the evil deeds: ‘Write upon the wretched, the deprived one!’’.[267]
18- نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ الَّذِي أَنْتُمْ بِعَيْنِهِ وَ نَوَاصِيكُمْ بِيَدِهِ وَ تَقَلُّبُكُمْ فِي قَبْضَتِهِ إِنْ أَسْرَرْتُمْ عَلِمَهُ وَ إِنْ أَعْلَنْتُمْ كَتَبَهُ وَ قَدْ وَكَّلَ بِذَلِكَ حَفَظَةً كِرَاماً لَا يُسْقِطُونَ حَقّاً وَ لَا يُثْبِتُونَ بَاطِلًا
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws says: ‘Fear Allah-azwj Whom you are in His-azwj Eyesight, and your forelock is in His-azwj Hand, and you are turning around in His-azwj Grip. If you are secretive, He-azwj Knows it, and it you are publicly (doing it) He-azwj Writes it, and He-azwj has Allocated Honourable Recorders with that. They are neither cutting out any true (matter) nor are they affirming a falsehood’’.[268]
19- يب، تهذيب الأحكام مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ قَضَاءَ الْحَاجَةِ وَقَفَ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَذْهَبِ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ يَمِيناً وَ شِمَالًا إِلَى مَلَكَيْهِ فَيَقُولُ أَمِيطَا عَنِّي فَلَكُمَا اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ أَنْ لَا أُحْدِثَ حَدَثاً حَتَّى أَخْرُجَ إِلَيْكُمَا
‘Tahzeeb Al Ahkaam’ – Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahboub, from Al Yaqteeny, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Ibrahim Ibn Abdul Hameed who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Whenever Amir Al-Momineen-asws wanted to fulfil the need, would pause at the door of the toilet, then he-asws would turn right and left towards his-asws two Angels and he-asws would be saying: ‘Go away from me-asws, for you both is Allah-azwj upon me-asws that I-asws will not be doing anything new occurrence until I-asws come out to you’’.[269]
20- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر ابْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِذَا هَمَّ الْعَبْدُ بِسَيِّئَةٍ لَمْ تُكْتَبْ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِذَا هَمَّ بِحَسَنَةٍ كُتِبَتْ لَهُ
The book of Haseen Bin Saeed – Ibn Al Mugheira, from Jameel Bin Darraj,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the servant thinks of an evil deed, it is not written against him, and when he thinks of a good deed, it is written for him’’.[270]
21- عد، العقائد اعْتِقَادُنَا أَنَّهُ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ إِلَّا وَ مَلَكَانِ مُوَكَّلَانِ بِهِ يَكْتُبَانِ جَمِيعَ أَعْمَالِهِ وَ مَنْ هَمَّ بِحَسَنَةٍ وَ لَمْ يَعْمَلْهَا كُتِبَ لَهُ حَسَنَةٌ فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا كُتِبَ لَهُ عَشْرٌ فَإِنْ هَمَّ بِسَيِّئَةٍ لَمْ تُكْتَبْ حَتَّى يَعْمَلَهَا فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِ سَيِّئَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ الْمَلَكَانِ يَكْتُبَانِ عَلَى الْعَبْدِ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى النَّفْخَ فِي الرَّمَادِ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ إِنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ لَحافِظِينَ كِراماً كاتِبِينَ يَعْلَمُونَ ما تَفْعَلُونَ
(Majlisi said) ‘Our belief is that there is none from a servant except and two Angels are Allocated with him for writing the entirety of their deeds, and one who think of a good deed and does not do it, one good deed would be written for him, and if he does do it, then are written for him. If he thinks of an evil deed, it is not written against him until he does do it, and when he does do it, one evil deed is written against him; and the two Angels would be writing everything upon the servant until the blowing in the ash. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: Two honourable recorders [82:11] They know what you are doing [82:12]’.
وَ مَرَّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِرَجُلٍ وَ هُوَ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِفُضُولِ الْكَلَامِ فَقَالَ يَا هَذَا إِنَّكَ تُمْلِي عَلَى كَاتِبِيكَ كِتَاباً إِلَى رَبِّكَ فَتَكَلَّمْ بِمَا يَعْنِيكَ وَ دَعْ مَا لَا يَعْنِيكَ
And Amir Al-Momineen-asws passed by a man and he was speaking frivolities of the speech, so he-asws said: ‘O you, this? You are filling up upon your Recorders writing to your Lord-azwj, therefore speak with what concerns you and leave what has not meaning for you’’.[271]
22- وَ قَالَ ع لَا يَزَالُ الرَّجُلُ الْمُسْلِمُ يُكْتَبُ مُحْسِناً مَا دَامَ سَاكِتاً فَإِذَا تَكَلَّمَ كُتِبَ إِمَّا مُحْسِناً أَوْ مُسِيئاً وَ مَوْضِعُ الْمَلَكَيْنِ مِنِ ابْنِ آدَمَ الشِّدْقَانِ صَاحِبُ الْيَمِينِ يَكْتُبُ الْحَسَنَاتِ وَ صَاحِبُ الشِّمَالِ يَكْتُبُ السَّيِّئَاتِ وَ مَلَكَا النَّهَارِ يَكْتُبَانِ عَمَلَ الْعَبْدِ بِالنَّهَارِ وَ مَلَكَا اللَّيْلِ يَكْتُبَانِ عَمَلَ الْعَبْدِ فِي اللَّيْلِ
And he-asws said: ‘The Muslim man does not cease to be written as a good doer for as long as he is silent, but when he does speak, he is either written as a good doer or as an evil doer; and the place of the two Angels from the son of Adam-as is the two cheeks. The companion of the right writes the good deeds, and the companion of the left writes the evil deeds, and the Angels of the day are writing the deeds of the servant by the day, and the Angels of the night are writing the deeds of the servant during the night’’.[272]
23- وَ رَوَى الصَّدُوقُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِ فَضَائِلِ الشِّيعَةِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ سَدِيرٍ الصَّيْرَفِيِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَ عِنْدَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ وَ مُيَسِّرٌ وَ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ جُلَسَائِهِ فَلَمَّا أَنْ أَخَذْتُ مَجْلِسِي أَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ بِوَجْهِهِ وَ قَالَ يَا سَدِيرُ أَمَا إِنَّ وَلِيَّنَا لَيَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ قَائِماً وَ قَاعِداً وَ نَائِماً وَ حَيّاً وَ مَيِّتاً
And Al Sadouoq has reported in the book ‘Fazail Al Shia’, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Abad Bin Suleyman, from Sudeyr Al Sayrafi,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I went over to him-asws, and in his-asws presence were Abu Baseer, and Maysar, and a number of his-asws gatherers. When I took my seat, he-asws turned towards me with his-asws face and said: ‘O Sudeyr! But, our-asws friend tends to worship Allah-azwj standing, and sitting, and sleeping, and alive and dead’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَمَّا عِبَادَتُهُ قَائِماً وَ قَاعِداً وَ حَيّاً فَقَدْ عَرَفْنَا فَكَيْفَ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ نَائِماً وَ مَيِّتاً
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! As for his worshipping standing, and sitting, and alive, so we have recognised it, but how does he worship Allah-azwj while sleeping, and when dead?’
قَالَ إِنَّ وَلِيَّنَا لَيَضَعُ رَأْسَهُ فَيَرْقُدُ فَإِذَا كَانَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ وَكَّلَ بِهِ مَلَكَيْنِ خُلِقَا فِي الْأَرْضِ لَمْ يَصْعَدَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ لَمْ يَرَيَا مَلَكُوتَهُمَا فَيُصَلِّيَانِ عِنْدَهُ حَتَّى يَنْتَبِهَ فَيَكْتُبُ اللَّهُ ثَوَابَ صَلَاتِهِمَا لَهُ وَ الرَّكْعَةُ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِمَا تَعْدِلُ أَلْفَ صَلَاةٍ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الْآدَمِيِّينَ
He-asws said: ‘Our friend places his head and lies down, and when it was the time for the Salat, two Angels get allocated with him, having been Created in the earth, not having ascended to the sky and not seen their (fellow) Angels, and they both pray Salat in his presence until he wakes up, and Allah-azwj Writes the Rewards of their Salat for him, and the one Cycle of their Salat equates to a thousand Salats from the Salats of the human beings’.
وَ إِنَّ وَلِيَّنَا لَيَقْبِضُهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فَيَصْعَدُ مَلَكَاهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَيَقُولَانِ يَا رَبَّنَا عَبْدُكَ فُلَانُ بْنُ فُلَانٍ انْقَطَعَ وَ اسْتَوْفَى أَجَلَهُ وَ لَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ مِنَّا بِذَلِكَ فَأْذَنْ لَنَا نَعْبُدْكَ فِي آفَاقِ سَمَائِكَ وَ أَطْرَافِ أَرْضِكَ
And that our-asws friend, Allah-azwj Captures (his soul) to Him-azwj, and his two Angels ascend to the sky and they are saying, ‘O our Lord-azwj! So and so, son of so and so, his term his cut off and You-azwj are more Knowing with that than us, therefore Permit for us to worship You-azwj in the horizons of Your-azwj sky and the outskirts of Your-azwj earth’’.
قَالَ فَيُوحِي اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمَا إِنَّ فِي سَمَائِي لَمَنْ يَعْبُدُنِي وَ مَا لِي فِي عِبَادَتِهِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ بَلْ هُوَ أَحْوَجُ إِلَيْهَا وَ إِنَّ فِي أَرْضِي لَمَنْ يَعْبُدُنِي حَقَّ عِبَادَتِي وَ مَا خَلَقْتُ خَلْقاً أَحْوَجَ إِلَيَّ مِنْهُ فَاهْبِطَا إِلَى قَبْرِ وَلِيِّي
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Reveals to them: “My-azwj sky is for one who worships Me-azwj, and there is no need for Me-azwj regarding his worship, but he is needier to it, and My-azwj earth is for one who worships Me-azwj, and I-azwj did not Create a creatures more needy to me than him, therefore descend to the grave of My-azwj friend!”
فَيَقُولَانِ يَا رَبَّنَا مَنْ هَذَا يَسْعَدُ بِحُبِّكَ إِيَّاهُ قَالَ فَيُوحِي اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمَا ذَلِكَ مَنْ أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَهُ بِمُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِي وَ وَصِيِّهِ وَ ذُرِّيَّتِهِمَا بِالْوَلَايَةِ اهْبِطَا إِلَى قَبْرِ وَلِيِّي فُلَانِ بْنِ فُلَانٍ فَصَلِّيَا عِنْدَهُ إِلَى أَنْ أَبْعَثَهُ فِي الْقِيَامَةِ
They are saying: ‘O our Lord-azwj! Who is this one so fortunate with You-azwj Love for him?’ Allah-azwj Reveals unto them: “That is one whom I-azwj Took his Covenant with Muhammad-saww My-azwj servant, and his-saww successor-asws, and their-asws offspring-asws with the Wilayah. Descend to the grave of My-azwj friend so and so, son of so and so, and pray Salat in his presence up to (the time) I-azwj Resurrect him in the (Day of) Qiyamah!”
قَالَ فَيَهْبِطُ الْمَلَكَانِ فَيُصَلِّيَانِ عِنْدَ الْقَبْرِ إِلَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَهُ اللَّهُ فَيَكْتُبُ ثَوَابَ صَلَاتِهِمَا لَهُ وَ الرَّكْعَةُ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِمَا تَعْدِلُ أَلْفَ صَلَاةٍ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الْآدَمِيِّينَ
He-asws said: ‘The two Angels descend and they pray Salat by the grave until Allah-azwj would Resurrect him, and He-azwj would Write the Rewards of their Salat for him, and the one Cycle of their Salat equates to a thousand Salat from the Salats of the human beings’.
قَالَ سَدِيرٌ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَإِذاً وَلِيُّكُمْ نَائِماً وَ مَيِّتاً أَعْبَدُ مِنْهُ حَيّاً وَ قَائِماً قَالَ فَقَالَ هَيْهَاتَ يَا سَدِيرُ إِنَّ وَلِيَّنَا لَيُؤْمِنُ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَيُجِيزُ أَمَانَهُ
Sudeyr said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! When your-asws friend is sleeping and dead he is more worshipping than alive and standing?’ He-asws said: ‘Far be it, O Sudeyr! Our-asws friend will seek safety from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic on the Day of Qiyamah, and He-azwj would Permit the safety’’.[273]
24- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الْعَلَوِيِّ الْعُرَيْضِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ عَمَّيْهِ عَلِيِّ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ابْنَيْ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِمَا مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: يُوحِي اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى الْحَفَظَةِ الْكِرَامِ لَا تَكْتُبُوا عَلَى عَبْدِيَ الْمُؤْمِنِ عِنْدَ ضَجَرِهِ شَيْئاً
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – A group, from Abu Al Mufazzal, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Is’haq Al Alawy Al Areyzi, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Ibrahim,
‘Son of Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws uncles Ali and Al-Husayn, two sons of Musa-asws, from their father-asws Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Reveals unto the Honourable Recorders: ‘Do not write anything upon My-azwj Momin servant during his exhaustion’’.[274]
25 مُحَاسَبَةُ النَّفْسِ، لِلسَّيِّدِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ طَاوُسٍ قَدَّسَ اللَّهُ رُوحَهُ مِنْ أَمَالِي الْمُفِيدِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمَلَكَ الْمُوَكَّلَ عَلَى الْعَبْدِ يَكْتُبُ فِي صَحِيفَةِ أَعْمَالِهِ فَأَمْلُوا بِأَوَّلِهَا وَ آخِرِهَا خَيْراً يُغْفَرْ لَكُمْ مَا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ
The book ‘Mahasabit Al Nafs’ of Al Seyyid Ali Bin Tawoos, from (the book) Amaaly of Al Mufeed, by his chain going up to,
‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘The Angel Allocated upon the servant writes in the parchment of his deeds, and fills its beginning and its end with good, He-azwj would Forgive for you all what is between that’’.[275]
26- وَ مِنْهُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ الدُّعَاءِ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص طُوبَى لِمَنْ وَجَدَ فِي صَحِيفَةِ عَمَلِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ تَحْتَ كُلِّ ذَنْبٍ أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ
And from him, copied from the book ‘Al Do’a’ of Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, by his chain,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Beatitude is for one who finds in the parchment of his deeds, on the Day of Qiyamah, written beneath every sin, ‘Allah-azwj has Forgiven’’.[276]
27- وَ مِنْهُ، مُرْسَلًا عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَا تَقْطَعُوا نَهَارَكُمْ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ فَعَلْنَا كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنَّ مَعَكُمْ حَفَظَةً يُحْصُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ عَلَيْنَا
And from him, with an unbroken chain,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Do not cut (spend) your day with such and such, and ‘we did such and such’, for with you all are Recorders counting upon you all and upon us-asws’’.[277]
28- وَ مِنْهُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ تِبْيَانِ شَيْخِ الطَّائِفَةِ فِي تَفْسِيرِ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ قُلِ اعْمَلُوا فَسَيَرَى اللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمْ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ قَالَ رُوِيَ فِي الْخَبَرِ أَنَّ الْأَعْمَالَ تُعْرَضُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فِي كُلِّ إِثْنَيْنِ وَ خَمِيسٍ فَيَعْلَمُهَا وَ كَذَلِكَ تُعْرَضُ عَلَى الْأَئِمَّةِ ع فَيَعْرِفُونَهَا وَ هُمُ الْمَعْنِيُّونَ بِقَوْلِهِ وَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ
And from him, copied from (the book) ‘Tibyan) of sheykh Al-Taifa regarding the Words of the Exalted: And say: ‘Work, for Allah will See your work and (so will) His Rasool and the Momineen; [9:105], he said, ‘It is reported in the Hadeeth that the deeds get presented unto the Prophet-saww during every Monday and Thursday and he-saww knows it, and similar to that, these get presented unto the Imams-asws, and they-asws recognise these, and they-asws are the one meant by His-azwj Words: and the Momineen; [9:105]’’.[278]
29- وَ مِنْهُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ الْأَزْمِنَةِ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْمَرْزُبَانِيِّ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَصُومُ الْإِثْنَيْنِ وَ الْخَمِيسَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ لِمَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ ص إِنَّ الْأَعْمَالَ تُرْفَعُ فِي كُلِّ إِثْنَيْنِ وَ خَمِيسٍ فَأُحِبُّ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ عَمَلِي وَ أَنَا صَائِمٌ
And from him, copied from the book ‘Al azmat’ of Muhammad Bin Imran Al Mazbany who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww used to Fast the Monday and the Thursday, so it was said to him-saww: ‘Why is that?’ He-saww said: ‘The deeds are raised during every Monday and Thursday, so I-saww Loved from me-saww deeds to be Raised while I-saww was Fasting’’.[279]
30 وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا مِنْ إِثْنَيْنِ وَ لَا خَمِيسٍ إِلَّا تُرْفَعُ فِيهِ الْأَعْمَالُ إِلَّا عَمَلَ الْمَقَادِيرِ
And by his chain, from Abu Ayoub who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There is none from a Monday nor a Thursday except and during it the deeds are raised, except the Pre-determined deeds’’. [280]
31- وَ مِنْهُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ التَّذْيِيلِ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النَّجَّارِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْخَمِيسِ عِنْدَ الْعَصْرِ أَهْبَطَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَلَائِكَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ مَعَهَا صَحَائِفُ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ أَقْلَامٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ تَكْتُبُ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ إِلَى غُرُوبِ الشَّمْسِ
And from it, copied from the book ‘Al Tazeyl’ of Muhammad Al Najjar, by his chain going up to,
‘Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Whenever it is the day of Thursday afternoon, Allah-azwj Sends down Angels from the sky to the earth, with them are silver parchments and in their hands are golden pens, writing the Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws up to the setting of the sun’’.[281]
32- وَ مِنْهُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كُتُبِ بَعْضِ الْأَصْحَابِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ آخِرُ خَمِيسٍ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ تُرْفَعُ فِيهِ الْأَعْمَالُ
And from him, copied from the book of one of the companions, by his chain going up to Abdul Samad Bin Abdul Malik who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘In the last Thursday of the month, the deeds are raised during it’’.[282]
33- وَ مِنْهُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى شَيْخِ الطَّائِفَةِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى عَنْبَسَةَ الْعَابِدِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: آخِرُ خَمِيسٍ فِي الشَّهْرِ تُرْفَعُ فِيهِ أَعْمَالُ الشَّهْرِ
And from him, by his chain going up to sheykh Al Taifa, by his chain up to Anbasa Al Aabid,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The last Thursday in the month, the deeds of the month are raised during it’’.[283]
34- وَ مِنْهُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ خُطَبِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِعَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْجَلُودِيِّ قَالَ: إِنَّ ابْنَ الْكَوَّاءِ سَأَلَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ الْمَعْمُورِ وَ السَّقْفِ الْمَرْفُوعِ
And from him, copied from the book ‘Khutab Ameer Al Momineen-asws’ of Abd Al Aziz Al Jaloudy who said,
‘Ibn Al-Kawa asked Amir Al-Momineen-asws about the Oft-frequented House [52:4] And the Raised canopy [52:5].
قَالَ وَيْلَكَ ذَلِكَ الضُّرَاحُ بَيْتٌ فِي السَّمَاءِ الرَّابِعَةِ حِيَالَ الْكَعْبَةِ مِنْ لُؤْلُؤَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ يَدْخُلُهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ لَا يَعُودُونَ إِلَيْهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيهِ كِتَابُ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ عَنْ يَمِينِ الْبَابِ يَكْتُبُونَ أَعْمَالَ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ فِيهِ كِتَابُ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَنْ يَسَارِ الْبَابِ يَكْتُبُونَ أَعْمَالَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ بِأَقْلَامٍ سُودٍ
He-asws said: ‘Woe be unto you! That is Al-Zaraah, a house in the fourth sky facing the Kabah (made) from one pearl. Every day, a thousand Angels enter it, nor returning to it up to the Day of Qiyamah. Therein is a Book of the people of the Paradise from the right door, (Angels) writing the deeds of the people of the Paradise; and therein is a Book of the left door, (Angels) are writing the deeds of the people of the Fire with black pens.
فَإِذَا كَانَ وَقْتُ الْعِشَاءِ ارْتَفَعَ الْمَلَكَانِ فَيَسْمَعُونَ مِنْهُمَا مَا عَمِلَ الرَّجُلُ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى هذا كِتابُنا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسْتَنْسِخُ ما كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
Whenever it is the time of Al-Isha (night), the two (recording) Angels rise up and they are listening from them both what the man had done, and these are the Words of the Exalted: This is Our Book, speaking to you with the Truth. Surely, We would be Replicating whatever you would have done [45:29]’’.[284]
35- وَ مِنْهُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ ابن [أَبِي] عُمَرَ الزَّاهِدِ صَاحِبِ تغلب [ثَعْلَبٍ] قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عَطَاءٌ عَنِ الصُّبَاحِيِّ أُسْتَاذِ الْإِمَامِيَّةِ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالُوا قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِنَّ الْمَلَكَيْنِ يَجْلِسَانِ عَلَى نَاجِذَيِ الرَّجُلِ يَكْتُبَانِ خَيْرَهُ وَ شَرَّهُ وَ يَسْتَمِدَّانِ مِنْ غُرَّيْهِ وَ رُبَّمَا جَلَسَا عَلَى الصِّمَاغَيْنِ
And from him, copied from the book of Ibn Umar Al Zahib companion of Taglub who said, ‘Ata’a informed me, from Al Sabahy the Imamiya teacher from the Shias,
‘Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Two Angels are sitting above the teeth of the man, writing his good and his evil, and they are extending from his epiglottis, and sometimes they sit upon the cheeks’’.[285]
باب 18 الوعد و الوعيد و الحبط و التكفير
CHAPTER 18 – THE PROMISE AND THE THREAT, AND THE CONFISCATION, AND THE ATONEMENT
الآيات البقرة وَ مَنْ يَرْتَدِدْ مِنْكُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِ فَيَمُتْ وَ هُوَ كافِرٌ فَأُولئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمالُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ أُولئِكَ أَصْحابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيها خالِدُونَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Baqarah: and the one from you who reneges from his Religion, and he dies while he is a Kafir, so they, their deeds would be Confiscated in the world and the Hereafter, and they are the inmates of the Fire; they would be in it eternally [2:217]
آل عمران إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُخْلِفُ الْمِيعادَ
(Surah) Aal-e-Imraan: surely Allah does not break the Promise [3:9]
و قال تعالى أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمالُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ ما لَهُمْ مِنْ ناصِرِينَ
And the Exalted Said: They are those whose works shall be nullified in the world as well as the Hereafter, and there shall not be for them, (anyone) from the helpers [3:22]
و قال إِنَّكَ لا تُخْلِفُ الْمِيعادَ
And Said: surely You do not break the Promise’ [3:194]
النساء إِنْ تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبائِرَ ما تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئاتِكُمْ
(Surah) Al Nisaa: If you shun the major sins which you are Forbidden from, We will Remove your (small) sins [4:31]
و قال تعالى لَيْسَ بِأَمانِيِّكُمْ وَ لا أَمانِيِّ أَهْلِ الْكِتابِ مَنْ يَعْمَلْ سُوءاً يُجْزَ بِهِ
And the Exalted Said: It isn’t by your aspiration nor (by the) aspirations of the People of the Book. One who does evil would be Recompensed with it [4:123]
الأعراف وَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآياتِنا وَ لِقاءِ الْآخِرَةِ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمالُهُمْ
(Surah) Al A’raaf: And those who are belying Our Signs and meeting of the Hereafter, their deeds would be nullified [7:147]
الأنفال يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ تَتَّقُوا اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ فُرْقاناً وَ يُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئاتِكُمْ وَ يَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ وَ اللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ
(Surah) Al Anfaal: O you who believe! If you fear Allah, He will Make a Criterion for you and Expiate your evil deeds from you and Forgive (your sins) for you, and Allah is with the Mighty Grace [8:29]
التوبة ما كانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ يَعْمُرُوا مَساجِدَ اللَّهِ شاهِدِينَ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ بِالْكُفْرِ أُولئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمالُهُمْ وَ فِي النَّارِ هُمْ خالِدُونَ
(Surah) Al Tawbah: It was not for the Polytheists that they should be visiting the Masjids of Allah while testifying upon themselves with the Kufr. These, their deeds would be Confiscated and they would be in the Fire eternally [9:17]
و قال أُولئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمالُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيا وَ الْآخِرَةِ
And Said: Those ones, their deeds were Confiscated in the world and the Hereafter, [9:69]
الرعد إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُخْلِفُ الْمِيعادَ
(Surah) Al Ra’ad: Surely, Allah does not break the Promises [13:31]
الكهف أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآياتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَ لِقائِهِ فَحَبِطَتْ أَعْمالُهُمْ
(Surah) Al Kahf: These are they who commit Kufr with the Signs of their Lord and their Meeting Him, so their deeds would be Nullified, [18:105]
العنكبوت وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ عَمِلُوا الصَّالِحاتِ لَنُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئاتِهِمْ وَ لَنَجْزِيَنَّهُمْ أَحْسَنَ الَّذِي كانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
(Surah) Al Ankabout: And those who believe and do righteous deeds, We will Remove their evil deeds from them and Recompense them for the best of what they had been doing [29:7]
الروم وَعْدَ اللَّهِ لا يُخْلِفُ اللَّهُ وَعْدَهُ وَ لكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لا يَعْلَمُونَ
(Surah) Al Roum: A Promise of Allah! Allah will not Break His Promise, but most people do not know [30:6]
و قال سبحانه فَاصْبِرْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَ لا يَسْتَخِفَّنَّكَ الَّذِينَ لا يُوقِنُونَ
And the Glorious Said: So be patient, surely the Promise of Allah is True, and do not let those who are not convinced hold you in light estimation [30:60]
الأحزاب وَ إِذْ يَقُولُ الْمُنافِقُونَ وَ الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ ما وَعَدَنَا اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ إِلَّا غُرُوراً
(Surah) Al Ahzaab: And when the hypocrites and those who had a sickness in their hearts were saying, ‘Allah and His Rasool did not promise us except to deceive!’ [33:12]
و قال تعالى أُولئِكَ لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا فَأَحْبَطَ اللَّهُ أَعْمالَهُمْ وَ كانَ ذلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيراً
And the Exalted Said: They are one who do not believe, therefore Allah Confiscated their deeds, and that was always easy upon Allah [33:19]
الزمر وَعْدَ اللَّهِ لا يُخْلِفُ اللَّهُ الْمِيعادَ
(Surah) Al Zumar: Allah does not Break the Promises [39:20]
و قال تعالى لِيُكَفِّرَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ أَسْوَأَ الَّذِي عَمِلُوا وَ يَجْزِيَهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ بِأَحْسَنِ الَّذِي كانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
And the Exalted Said: In order for Allah to Remove from them the evil of that which they had done, and Give them their Recompense of the good deeds which they had done [39:35]
المؤمن إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌ
(Surah) Al Momin: surely the Promise of Allah is True. [40:77]
محمد كَفَّرَ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئاتِهِمْ وَ أَصْلَحَ بالَهُمْ
(Surah) Muhammad-saww: their evil deeds would be expiated from them and their state would be corrected [47:2]
و قال تعالى ذلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَرِهُوا ما أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأَحْبَطَ أَعْمالَهُمْ
And the Exalted Said: That is because they abhorred what Allah Revealed, so He Nullified their deeds [47:9]
و قال ذلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمُ اتَّبَعُوا ما أَسْخَطَ اللَّهَ وَ كَرِهُوا رِضْوانَهُ فَأَحْبَطَ أَعْمالَهُمْ
And Said: That is because they follow what Angers Allah and abhor His Pleasure, therefore He Nullified their deeds [47:28]
و قال إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَ صَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ شَاقُّوا الرَّسُولَ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الْهُدى لَنْ يَضُرُّوا اللَّهَ شَيْئاً وَ سَيُحْبِطُ أَعْمالَهُمْ
And Said: Surely, those who commit Kufr and hinder from the Way of Allah and oppose the Rasool from after the Guidance having been clarified to them, will never (be able to) harm Allah of anything, and He would Nullify their deeds [47:32]
الفتح وَ يُكَفِّرَ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئاتِهِمْ
(Surah) Al Fat’h: and He would Expiate their evil deeds from them, [48:5]
الحجرات وَ لا تَجْهَرُوا لَهُ بِالْقَوْلِ كَجَهْرِ بَعْضِكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ أَنْ تَحْبَطَ أَعْمالُكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ لا تَشْعُرُونَ
(Surah) Al Hujurat: Do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet, and do not be loud to him with the talk like the loudness of some of you to the others, lest your deeds become Nullified while you are not aware [49:2]
التغابن وَ مَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ وَ يَعْمَلْ صالِحاً يُكَفِّرْ عَنْهُ سَيِّئاتِهِ
(Surah) Al Taghabun: And one who believes in Allah and he does righteous deeds, He would Remove his evil deeds from him [64:9]
الطلاق وَ مَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يُكَفِّرْ عَنْهُ سَيِّئاتِهِ
(Surah) Al Talaq: and one who fears Allah, He would Remove his evil deeds from him and Magnify the Recompense for him [65:5]
التحريم عَسى رَبُّكُمْ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئاتِكُمْ
(Surah) Al Tahreem: maybe your Lord will Remove your evil deeds from you [66:8]
الزلزال فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْراً يَرَهُ وَ مَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ
(Surah) Al Zilzal: So, one who does good of the weight of a particle would see it [99:7] And one who does evil of the weight of a particle would see it [9:8]
1- سن، المحاسن عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاسَانِيُّ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ وَعَدَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى عَمَلٍ ثَوَاباً فَهُوَ مُنْجِزٌ لَهُ وَ مَنْ أَوْعَدَهُ عَلَى عَمَلٍ عِقَاباً فَهُوَ فِيهِ بِالْخِيَارِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ali Bin Muhammad Al Qasany, from one who mentioned it, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim Al Ja’fary,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One whom Allah-azwj has Promised Rewards upon a deed, so he would be Recompensed for it, and one whom He-azwj Threatened a Punishment upon a deed, so He-azwj would be in it with the Choice’’.[286]
2 كَنْزُ الْكَرَاجُكِيِّ، عَنِ الْمُفِيدِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاسَانِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْمِنْقَرِيِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: يُوقَفُ الْعَبْدُ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَيَقُولُ قِيسُوا بَيْنَ نِعَمِي عَلَيْهِ وَ بَيْنَ عَمَلِهِ فَتَسْتَغْرِقُ النِّعَمُ الْعَمَلَ فَيَقُولُونَ قَدِ اسْتَغْرَقَ النِّعَمُ الْعَمَلَ فَيَقُولُ هَبُوا لَهُ النِّعَمَ وَ قِيسُوا بَيْنَ الْخَيْرِ وَ الشَّرِّ مِنْهُ
‘Kanz’ of Al Karajaky – from Al Mufeed, from Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Bin Al Waleed, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ali Bin Muhammad Al Qasani, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad al Asbahany, from Suleyman Bin Khalid Al Minqary, from Sufyan Bin Ayayna, from Hameed Bin Ziyad, from Ata’a Bin Yasaar,
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘The servant would be paused in front of Allah-azwj the Exalted and He-azwj would be Saying: “Compare between My-azwj Bounties and his deeds!” The Bounties would drown the deeds. He-azwj would Say: “The Bounties have drowned the deeds! Gift the Bounties to him and compare between the good and the evil from him!”
فَإِنِ اسْتَوَى الْعَمَلَانِ أَذْهَبَ اللَّهُ الشَّرَّ بِالْخَيْرِ وَ أَدْخَلَهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ فَضْلٌ أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ بِفَضْلِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ فَضْلٌ وَ هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ التَّقْوَى وَ لَمْ يُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ اتَّقَى الشِّرْكَ بِهِ فَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَغْفِرَةِ يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَهُ بِرَحْمَتِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ وَ يَتَفَضَّلُ عَلَيْهِ بِعَفْوِهِ
Then, when the two deeds equate, Allah-azwj would Remove the evil with the good and Enter him into the Paradise; and it there was a favour for him (upon someone), Allah-azwj would Give him His-azwj Grace (to compensate), and if there was a favour upon him (from someone), and if he is from the pious people and did not associate with Allah-azwj the Exalted, and feared the association with Him-azwj, then he would be from the ones deserving the Forgiveness. Allah-azwj would Forgive for him by His-azwj Mercy if He-azwj so Desires, and Confer upon him with His-azwj Pardon’’.[287]
إلى هنا تم الجزء الخامس من كتاب بحار الانوار
Up to here completes the fifth volume from the book Bihar Al Anwaar
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 1
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 2
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 3
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 4
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 5
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 6
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 7
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 8
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 9
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 10
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 11
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 12
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 13
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 14
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 15
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 16
[17] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 17
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 18
[19] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 19
[20] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 20
[21] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 21
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 22
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 23
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 24
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 25
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 26
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 28
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 29
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 30
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 31
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 32
[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 33
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 34
[34] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 35
[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 36
[36] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 37
[37] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 38
[38] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 39
[39] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 40
[40] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 41
[41] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 42
[42] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 43
[43] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 44
[44] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 45
[45] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 46
[46] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 47
[47] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 48
[48] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 49
[49] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 7 H 50
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 1
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 2
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 3
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 4
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 5
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 6
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 7
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 8
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 9
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 10
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 11
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 12
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 13
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 14
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 15
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 16
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 17
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 8 H 18
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 1
[69] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 2
[70] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 3
[71] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 4
[72] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 5
[73] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 6
[74] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 7
[75] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 8
[76] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 9
[77] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 10
[78] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 11
[79] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 12
[80] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 9 H 13
[81] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 1
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 2
[83] Pus coming out from the private part of the prostitutes
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 3
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 4
[86] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 5
[87] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 6
[88] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 7
[89] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 8
[90] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 9
[91] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 10
[92] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 11
[93] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 12
[94] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 13
[95] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 14
[96] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 15
[97] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 16
[98] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 17
[99] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 18
[100] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 19
[101] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 20
[102] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 21
[103] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 22
[104] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 23
[105] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 24
[106] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 25
[107] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 26
[108] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 27
[109] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 28
[110] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 29
[111] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 30
[112] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 31
[113] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 32
[114] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 33
[115] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 34
[116] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 35
[117] Pus coming out from the private part of the prostitutes
[118] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 36
[119] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 37
[120] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 38
[121] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 39
[122] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 40
[123] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 41
[124] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 42
[125] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 43
[126] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 44
[127] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 45
[128] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 46
[129] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 47
[130] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 48
[131] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 49
[132] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 50
[133] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 51
[134] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 52
[135] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 53
[136] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 54
[137] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 55
[138] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 56
[139] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 57
[140] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 58
[141] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 59
[142] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 60
[143] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 61
[144] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 62
[145] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 63
[146] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 64
[147] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 65
[148] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 66
[149] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 10 H 67
[150] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 1
[151] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 2
[152] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 3
[153] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 4
[154] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 5
[155] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 6
[156] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 7
[157] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 8
[158] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 9
[159] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 10
[160] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 11
[161] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 12
[162] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 13
[163] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 14
[164] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 11 H 15
[165] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 1
[166] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 2
[167] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 3
[168] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 4
[169] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 5
[170] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 6
[171] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 7
[172] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 8
[173] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 9
[174] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 10
[175] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 11
[176] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 12
[177] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 13
[178] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 12 H 14
[179] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 1
[180] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 2
[181] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 3
[182] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 4
[183] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 5
[184] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 6
[185] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 7
[186] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 8
[187] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 9
[188] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 10
[189] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 11
[190] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 12
[191] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 13
[192] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 14
[193] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 15
[194] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 16
[195] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 17
[196] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 18
[197] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 19
[198] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 20
[199] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 21
[200] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 13 H 22
[201] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 1
[202] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 2
[203] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 3
[204] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 4
[205] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 5
[206] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 6
[207] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 7
[208] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 8
[209] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 9
[210] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 10
[211] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 11
[212] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 12
[213] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 13
[214] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 14
[215] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 15
[216] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 16
[217] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 17
[218] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 18
[219] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 19
[220] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 20
[221] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 21
[222] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 22
[223] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 23
[224] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 24
[225] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 25
[226] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 26
[227] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 27
[228] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 28
[229] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 14 H 29
[230] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 1
[231] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 2
[232] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 3
[233] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 4
[234] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 5
[235] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 6
[236] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 7
[237] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 8
[238] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 9
[239] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 10
[240] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 11
[241] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 12
[242] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 13
[243] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 14
[244] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 15
[245] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 16
[246] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 17
[247] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 15 H 18
[248] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 16 H 1
[249] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 16 H 2
[250] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 16 H 3
[251] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 1
[252] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 2
[253] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 3
[254] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 4
[255] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 5
[256] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 6
[257] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 7
[258] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 8
[259] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 9
[260] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 10
[261] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 11
[262] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 12
[263] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 13
[264] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 14
[265] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 15
[266] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 16
[267] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 17
[268] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 18
[269] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 19
[270] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 20
[271] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 21
[272] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 22
[273] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 23
[274] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 24
[275] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 25
[276] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 26
[277] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 27
[278] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 28
[279] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 29
[280] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 30
[281] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 31
[282] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 32
[283] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 33
[284] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 34
[285] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 17 H 35
[286] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 18 H 1
[287] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 5, The book of Justice, Ch 18 H 2