Illal Al-Sharaie Volume 1 Part 2

علل الشرائع

REASONS FOR THE LAWS

الشيخ الصدوق أبي جعفر محمد بن علي ابن الحسين بن موسى بن بابويه القمي ره المتوفى سنة 381 ه‍

AL SHEYKH AL SADOUQ ABU JA’FAR MUHAMMAD BIN ALI IBN AL HUSAYN BIN MUSA BIN BABUWAYH AL QUMMY – DIED 381 AH

الجزء الاول

VOLUME ONE

Part 2 out of 2

 

Note – This is an extract from the original. We have not included reports and certain Ahadeeth narrated by the Nasibis and those which contained elements of insults to the People-asws of the Household.

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله رب العالمين، وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد وآله الطاهرين، وسلم تسليما.

In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Praise is for Allah-azwj Lord-azwj of the Worlds, and Blessing be upon our Chief Muhammad-saww and his-saww Purified Progeny-asws, and greetings with abundant greetings.

(باب 101 العلة التى من أجلها سمى أولوا العزم أولى العزم)

Chapter 101 – The reason due to which the Determined Ones (Ul Al Azam) were named as ‘The Determined Ones’ (Ul Al Azam)

أبى رحمه الله عن سعد بن عبد الله بن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن علي ابن الحكم عن المفضل بن صالح بن جابر بن يزيد عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” في قول الله عزوجل ولقد عهدنا إلى آدم من قبل فنسى ولم نجد له عزما قال عهد إليه في محمد والائمة من بعده فترك ولم يكن له عزم فيهم انهم هكذا وانما سمى أولوا العزم لانهم عهد إليهم في محمد والاوصياء من بعده والمهدي وسيرته فاجمع عزمهم ان ذلك كذلك والاقرار به.

My father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Ibn Hakam, from Al Mufazzal Bin Salih Bin Jabir Bin Yazeed,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [20:115] And We had Given a Covenant to Adam before, but he forgot; and We did not find determination in him. He-asws said: ‘Covenanted with him-as in regards to Muhammad-saww and the Imams-aswsfrom after him-saww, and there was no determination for him-saww regarding them-asws that they-asws are like this. But rather, the Determined Ones (Ul Al-Azam) have been named as such because a Covenant was Taken with them in regards to Muhammad-saww and the successors-asws after him-saww, and Al-Mahdi-asws, and his-asws way, so they-as unanimously agreed that, that is like that, and the acceptance by it’.[1]

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazaal, from his father,

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى الله عنهم قال حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن سعيد الهمداني قال حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن فضال عن أبيه عن أبى الحسن الرضا ” ع ” قال: انما سمى اولوا العزم اولى العزم لانهم كانوا أصحاب العزايم والشرايع وذلك ان كل نبي كان بعد نوح ” ع ” كان على شريعته ومنهاجه وتابعا لكتابه إلى زمان إبراهيم الخليل ” ع “

Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws has said: ‘But rather, the Determined Ones (Ul Al-Azam) have been named as ‘The Determined Ones’ (Ul Al-Azam), because they used to be the owners of the Resolutions and the Law, and that is that every Prophet-saww who was after Noah-as was upon his-as Law and his-as Manifesto and the follower of his-as Book up until the era of Ibrahim the Friend-as.

وكل نبي كان في أيام إبراهيم وبعده كان على شريعة إبراهيم ومنهاجه وتابعا لكتابه إلى زمن موسى ” ع ” وكل نبي كان في زمن موسى ” ع ” وبعده كان على شريعة موسى ومنهاجه وتابعا لكتابه إى أيام عيسى ” ” وكل نبي كان في أيام عيسى ” ع ” وبعده كان على منهاج عيسى وشريعته وتابعا لكتابه إلى زمن نبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وآله

And a Prophet-as who was during the days of Ibrahim-as, and after him-as was upon the Law of Ibrahim-as and his-as Manifesto, and a follower of his-as Book up until the era of Musa-as. And every Prophet-as during the era of Musa-as and after him-as was upon the Law of Musa-as and his-as Manifesto, and a follower of his-as Book up until the days of Isa-as. And every Prophet-as who was during the days of Isa-as and after him-as was upon the Manifesto of Isa-as, and his-as Law, and a follower of his-as Book up until the era of our Prophet-saww.

فهؤلاء الخمسة هم اولوا العزم وهم أفضل الانبياء والرسل ” ع ” وشريعة محمد صلى الله عليه وآله لا تنسخ إلى يوم القيامة ولا نبي بعده إلى يوم القيامة فمن ادعى بعد نبينا أو أتى بعد القرآن بكتاب فدمه مباح لكل من سمع ذلك منه.

Thus, these are the five who are ‘The Determined Ones’ (Ul Al-Azam), and they are the highest of the Prophets-as and the Rasools-as, and the Law of Muhammad-saww would not get Abrogated until the Day of Judgement, nor will there be a Prophet-saww after him-saww up to the Day of Judgement. So the one who claims (to be a Prophet-as) after our Prophet-saww, or comes with a Book after the Quran, so his blood is Permissible (to be shed) by everyone who hears that from him’.[2]

(باب 102 – العلة التى من أجلها أمر الله تعالى بطاعة الرسل) (والائمة صلوات الله عليهم)

Chapter 102 – The reason due to which Allah-azwj Commanded for the obedience to the Rasool-saww and the Imams-asws

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادي عن احمد بن أبى عبد الله عن أبيه عن حماد بن عيسى عن ابن اذينة عن ابان بن أبى عياش عن سليم بن قيس قال سمعت أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” يقول انما الطاعة لله عزوجل ولرسوله ولولاة الامر وانما أمر بطاعة أولى الامر لانهم معصومون مطهرون ولا يأمرون بمعصيته.

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abdu Abdullah, from his father, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Ibn Azina, from Aban Bin Abu Ayyash, from Suleym Bin Qays who said,

‘I heard Amir Al-Momineen-asws saying: ‘But rather, the obedience is to Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww and the Masters-asws of the Command (Wali Al-Amr). But rather, He-azwj Commanded for the obedience to the Masters-asws of the Command because they-asws are Infallible, Purified, and they are not enjoining for the disobedience’.[3]

(باب 103 – العلة التى من أجلها يحتاج إلى النبي والامام عليهما السلام)

Chapter 103 – The reason due to which there is a need to the Prophet-saww and the Imam-asws

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا عبد العزيز بن يحيى قال حدثنا المغيرة بن محمد قال حدثنا رجاء بن سلمة عن عمرو ابن شمر، عن جابر بن يزيد الجعفي، قال: قلت لابي جعفر محمد بن علي الباقر عليهما السلام لاي شئ يحتاج إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله والامام؟ فقال لبقاء العالم على صلاحه وذلك ان الله عزوجل يرفع العذاب عن أهل الارض إذا كان فيها نبي أو أمام قال الله عزوجل وما كان الله ليعذبهم وأنت فيهم

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad, from Raja’a Bin Salma, from Amro Ibn Shimr, from Jabir Bin Yazeed Al Ju’fy who said,

‘I said to Abu Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Ali Al-Baqir-asws, ‘For which thing is there a need to the Prophet-saww and the Imam-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘For the remaining of the knowledgeable one for his correctness, and that is the (reason that) Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Raised the Punishment from the people of the earth if there was a Prophet-as or an Imam-asws in it. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said [8:33] But Allah was not going to Punish them whilst you were among them.

وقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله النجوم أمان لاهل السماء وأهل بيتي أمان لاهل الارض فإذا ذهبت النجوم اتى اهل السماء ما يكرهون وإذا ذهب اهل بيتي اتى أهل الارض ما يكرهون يعني باهل بيته الائمة الذين قرن الله عزوجل طاعتهم بطاعته فقال (يا أيها الذين آمنوا اطيعوا الله واطيعوا الرسول وأولى الامر منكم) وهم المعصومون المطهرون الذين لا يذنبون ولا يعصون وهم المؤيدون الموفقون المسددون بهم يرزق الله عباده وبهم تعمر بلاده وبهم ينزل القطر من السماء وبهم يخرج بركات الارض وبهم يمهل اهل المعاصي ولا يعجل عليهم بالعقوبة والعذاب لا يفارقهم روح القدس ولا يفارقونه ولا يفارقون القرآن ولا يفارقهم صلوات الله عليهم أجمعين.

And the Prophet-saww said: ‘The stars are a security for the inhabitants of the sky, and the People-asws of my-saww Household are a security for the inhabitants of the earth. So if the stars were to go away, there would come to the inhabitants of the sky what they dislike, and if the People-asws of my-saww Household go away, there would come to the inhabitants of the earth what they dislike’ – meaning by the People-asws of the Household, the Imams-asws, the obedience to whom Allah-azwj has Paired as being obedience to Him-azwj, so He-azwj Said [4:59] O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Rasool and those in authority from among you, and they-asws are the Infallible, the Purified who are not committing any sins nor are they-asws disobeying (Allah-azwj), and they-asws are the supporters, the conciliators, the Guides due to whom Allah-azwj Sustains His-azwj servants. It is due to them-asws that His-azwj Countries survive, and it is due to them-asws that there are drops (of rain) from the sky, and it is due to them-asws that the Blessings come out from the earth, and it is due to them-asws that the Torment and the Punishment is delayed and is not hastened upon the people of the disobedience. Neither will the Holy Spirit separate from them nor would they-asws separate from it. Neither will they-asws separate from the Quran, nor would it separate from them-asws’.[4]

(104 – العلة التى من أجلها صار النبي صلى الله عليه وآله) (أفضل الانبياء عليهم السلام)

Chapter 104 – The reason due to which the Prophet-saww came to be higher than the (rest of the) Prophets-as

حدثنا الحسن بن علي بن احمد الصايغ رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا احمد ابن محمد بن سعيد الكوفي قال: حدثنا جعفر بن عبيدالله عن الحسن بن محبوب عن صالح بن سهل عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال ان بعض قريش قال لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله باي شئ سبقت الانبياء وفضلت عليهم وأنت بعثت آخرهم وخاتمهم قال انى كنت أول من أقر بربي جل جلاله واول من أجاب حيث اخذ الله ميثاق النبيين واشهدهم على انفسهم الست بربكم قالوا بلى فكنت اول نبي قال بلى فسبقتهم إلى الاقرار بالله عزوجل.

Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Ahmad Al Sani’e narrated to us, from Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from Ja’far Bin Ubeydullah, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Salih Bin Sahl,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘One of the Qureysh said to Rasool-Allah-saww, ‘With what thing do you-asws preceded the (other) Prophets-as and have preference over them-as, and you-saww have been Sent at the end of them-as, and as their-as last one?’ He-saww said: ‘I-saww was the first one who accepted my-saww Lord-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, and the first one who answered when He-azwj Took the Covenant from the Prophets-as, [7:172] and made them testify against their own souls: Am I not your Lord? They said: Yes! We testify. So I-saww preceded them all to the acceptance of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[5]

(باب 105 – العلة التى من أجلها سمى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله الامي)

Chapter 105 – The reason due to which the Prophet-saww was called ‘Al-Ummy’

أبى رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن ابن عبد الله محمد بن خالد البرقى عن جعفر بن محمد الصوفى قال: سألت ابا جعفر محمد بن علي الرضا عليهما السلام فقلت يا بن رسول الله لم سمي النبي الامي؟ فقال: ما يقول الناس قلت يزعمون انه انما سمى الامي لانه لم يحسن ان يكتب

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abdullah Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Barqy, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Sowfy who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Al-Reza-asws, ‘O son-asws of the Rasool-Allah-saww, why has the Prophet-saww been called ‘Al-Ummy?’. He-asws said: ‘What are the people saying?’ I said, ‘They are alleging that he-saww has been called ‘Al-Ummy’ because he-asws could not write well.’

فقال (عليه السلام): «كذبوا عليهم لعنة الله، أنى ذلك و الله يقول في محكم كتابه: هُوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَ فِي الْأُمِّيِّينَ رَسُولًا مِنْهُمْ يَتْلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ آياتِهِ وَ يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَ يُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتابَ وَ الْحِكْمَةَ فكيف كان يعلمهم ما لم يحسن؟ و الله لقد كان رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) يقرأ و يكتب باثنين- أو قال بثلاثة- و سبعين لسانا، و إنما سمي الأمي لأنه كان من أهل مكة، و مكة من أمهات القرى، و ذلك قول الله عز و جل: لِتُنْذِرَ أُمَّ الْقُرى وَ مَنْ حَوْلَها.

He-asws said: ‘They lie! Upon them be the Curse of Allah-azwj, I-asws for that, say that Allah-azwj has Said in the Decisive (Verse) of His-azwj Book [62:2] He is the One Who Sent among the inhabitants of Mecca a Rasool from among themselves, reciting to them His Communications and purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom, How does he-saww teach them whilst not been well learned? By Allah-azwj, the Rasool-Allah-saww was able to read and write seventy two’ – (or said) – ‘seventy three languages, and He-asws has been called ‘Al-Ummy’ because he-saww was from the inhabitants of Mecca, and Mecca is the mother of all towns, and that is in the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [6:92] And that you may warn the mother of towns (أُمَّ الْقُرى) and those around it’.[6]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا الحسن بن موسى الخشاب، عن علي بن حسان وعلي بن اسباط وغيره رفعه عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” قلت ان الناس يزعمون ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لم يكتب ولا يقرأ فقال كذبوا لعنهم الله أنى يكون ذلك وقد يكون وقد قال الله عزوجل (وهو الذي بعث في الاميين رسولا منهم يتلو عليهم آياته ويزكيهم ويعلمهم الكتاب والحكمة وان كانوا من قبل لفى ضلال مبين) فكيف يعلمهم الكتاب والحكمة وليس يحسن ان يقرأ ويكتب، قال قلت فلم سمي النبي الامي قال لانه نسب إلى مكة وذلك قول الله عزوجل لتنذر أم القرى ومن حولها قام القرى مكة فقيل أمي لذلك.

And it has been narrated from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Sa’d Bin Abdullah, from Al-Hassan Bin Musa Al-Khashaab, from Ali Bin Hasaan, and Ali Bin Asbaat, and someone else, with a chain going up to,

It was asked from Abu Ja’far-asws that, ‘The people claim that Rasool-Allah-saww could not write or read.’ He-asws said: ‘They lie! Curse of Allah-azwj be upon them. I-asws for that say that Allah-azwj has Said [62:2] He it is Who Sent among the inhabitants of Mecca a Rasool from among themselves, reciting to them His Communications and purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom, although they were from before in clear error. How did he-saww teach them the Book and the Wisdom, without being good at reading and writing?’ I said, ‘Why was the Prophet-saww called ‘Al-Ummy?’ He-asws said: ‘He-asws was established in Mecca, and that is the Statement of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [6:92] And that you may warn the mother of towns and those around her, and the mother of towns is Mecca. Thus, he-saww was Referred to as Ummy because of that.’[7]

حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن يحيى العطار رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن عامر عن عبد الرحمان بن أبى نجران عن يحيى بن عمران الحلبي عن ابيه عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: سئل عن قول الله عزوجل (وأحى إلى هذا القرآن لا نذركم به ومن بلغ) قال بكل لسان

Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran, from Yahya Bin Imran Al Halby, from his father,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having been asked about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [6:19] and this Quran has been Revealed to me that with it I may warn you, and whomsoever it reaches. He-asws said: ‘By every language’.[8]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله بن محمد ابن الحسين بن أبى الخطاب عن شريف بن سابق التفليسي، عن الفضل بن ابى قرة عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” في قول يوسف أجعلني على خزائن الارض انى حفيظ عليم، قال حفيظ بما تحت يدي عليم بكل لسان.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Bin Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Shareef Bin Sabiq Al Tafleysi, from Al Fazal Bin Abu Qarat,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the words of Yusuf-as [12:55] He said: Place me (in authority) over the treasures of the land, I am a good keeper, knowing well. He-asws said: ‘A keeper of whatever was under his-as hand (control), and a knower of every language’.[9]

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا أبو العباس احمد بن اسحاق الماذرانى بالبصرة قال: حدثنا أبو قلابة عبد الملك بن محمد قال حدثنا غانم بن الحسن السعدي قال: حدثنا مسلم بن خالد المكي عن جعفر ابن محمد عن أبيه عليهما السلام قال: ما أنزل الله تعالى كتابا ولا وحيا إلا بالعربية فكان يقع في مسامع الانبياء عليهما السلام بألسنة قومهم وكان يقع في مسامع نبينا بالعربية فإذا كلم به قومه كلمهم بالعربية فيقع في مسامعهم بلسانهم وكان احدنا لا يخاطب رسول الله باي لسان خاطبه إلا وقع في مسامعه بالعربية كل ذلك يترجم جبرئيل ” ع ” عنه تشريفا من الله عزوجل له.

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abu Al Abbas Ahmad Bin Is’haq Al Maazarany at Al Basra, from Abu Qalba Abdul Malik Bin Muhammad, from Ghanim Bin Al Hassan Al Sa’ady, from Muslim Bin Khalid Al Makky,

from Ja’far Ibn Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj did not Send down a Book, nor a Revelation except in Arabic. So it used to occur in the hearing of the Prophets-as in the language of their-as people, and it used to occur in the hearing of our Prophet-saww in Arabic. So whenever they-as used to speak to their-as people, did so in Arabic, and it used to occur in their hearings in their own language. And one of us would not address Rasool-Allah-azwj in whichever language except that it would occur in his-saww hearing in Arabic. All that was translated by Jibraeel-as in his-saww honour, from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[10] 

(باب 106 – العلة التى من أجلها سمى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله محمد وأحمد) (وأبا القاسم وبشيرا ونذيرا وداعيا وماحيا وعاقبا وحاشرا) (واحيد وموقفا ومعقبا)

Chapter 106 – The reason due to which the Prophet-saww was named as ‘Muhammad’, and ‘Ahmad’, and ‘Abu Al Qasim’, and ‘Basheer’, and ‘Nazeer’, and ‘Da’aiy’, and ‘Mahiya’, and ‘Aaqib’, and ‘Haashira’, and ‘Aheed’, and ‘Moqafa’, and ‘Maqaba’

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا عمي محمد بن أبى القاسم عن احمد بن ابى عبد الله، عن ابى الحسن علي بن الحسين البرقى، عن عبد الله بن جبلة، عن معاوية بن عمار، عن الحسن بن عبد الله بن آبائه عن جده الحسن بن علي بن أبى طالب ” ع ” قال: جاء نفر من اليهود إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فسأله اعلمهم فيما سأله فقال لاي شئ سميت محمد وأحمد وابا القاسم وبشيرا ونذيرا وداعيا؟

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from an uncle of Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Barqy, from Abdullah Bin Jabala, from Muawiya, from Amaar, from Al Hassan Bin Abdullah, from his forefathers,

(It has been narrated) from his grandfather-asws Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘There came a number of Jews to Rasool-Allah-saww. So they asked him-saww, and he-saww let them know with regards to what they had asked him-saww. So (one of them) asked, ‘For which thing (reason) have you-saww been named as ‘Muhammad’, and ‘Ahmad’, and ‘Abu Al-Qasim’, and ‘Basheer’, and ‘Nazeer’, and ‘Da’aiy’?’

فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله أما محمد فإنى محمود في الارض وأما احمد فإنى محمود في السماء وأما أبو القاسم فإن الله عزوجل يقسم يوم القيامة قسمة النار فمن كفربي من الاولين والآخرين ففى النار ويقسم قسمة الجنة فمن آمن بى واقر بنبوتي ففي الجنة وأما الداعي فإنى أدعوا الناس إلى دين ربى عزوجل وأما النذير فإنى انذر بالنار من عصاني وأما البشير فإنى ابشر بالجنة من أطاعني.

So the Prophet-saww said: ‘As for ‘Muhammad’, so I-saww am the praised one in the earth; and as for ‘Ahmad’, so I-saww am the praised one in the sky; and as for ‘Abu Al-Qasim’, so Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Divide the Fire on the Day of Judgement, so the one who rejected me-saww, from the former ones and the later ones, so he would be in the Fire. And He-azwj would Divide a division of the Paradise, so the one who believe in me-saww, and accepted with my-saww Prophet-hood, so he would be in the Paradise. And as for ‘Al Da’aiy’, so I-saww call the people to the Religion of my-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic. And as for ‘Al-Nazeer’, so I-saww warn of the Fire to the one who disobeys me-saww. And as for ‘Al-Basheer’, so I-saww give the good news of the Paradise to the one who obeys me-saww’.[11]

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن سعيد الكوفي قال حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن فضال عن أبيه قال سألت ابا الحسن ” ع ” فقلت له لم كنى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله بابى القاسم؟ فقال لانه كان له ابن يقال له قاسم فكنى به

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazaal, from his father who said,

‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws, so I said to him-asws, ‘Why was the Prophet-saww teknonymed with ‘Abu Al-Qasim’?’ So he-asws said to him: ‘Because he-saww had a son called ‘Qasim’, thus he-saww was teknonymed due to him’.

قال فقلت له يابن رسول الله فهل تراني أهلا للزيادة؟ فقال نعم، أنا علمت ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال: أنا وعلي ابوا هذه الامة قلت بلى، قال اما علمت ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله أب لجميع أمته وعلي ” ع ” فيهم بمنزلته؟ فقلت بلى

He (the narrator) said, ‘So I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! So do you-asws see me as one deserving of the increase (in the information)?’ So he-asws said: ‘Yes. Do you know that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww and Ali-asws are the two fathers of this community?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘But, do you know that Rasool-Allah-saww is the father of the entirety of his-saww community, and Ali-asws is among them, is of his-saww status?’ So I said, ‘Yes’.

قال اما علمت ان عليا قاسم الجنة والنار قلت بلى قال فقيل له أبو القاسم لانه أبو قسيم الجنة والنار فقلت له وما معنى ذلك؟ فقال ان شفقة النبي صلى الله عليه وآله على أمته شفقة الآباء على الاولاد وأفضل امته علي ” ع ” ومن بعده شفقة علي ” ع ” عليهم كشفقته صلى الله عليه وآله لانه وصيه وخليفته والامام بعده فلذلك قال صلى الله عليه وآله انا وعلى أبوا هذه الامة،

He-asws said: ‘But, do you know that Ali-asws is the Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘So he-saww was referred to as ‘Abu Al-Qasim’ because he-saww is the father of the Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire’. So I said to him-asws, ‘And what is the meaning of that?’ So he-asws said: ‘The compassion of the Prophet-saww upon his-saww community is that of the compassion of the fathers upon the children, and the best of his-saww community is Ali-asws. And after him-saww, is the compassion of Ali-asws upon them, just like his-saww compassion, because he-asws is his-saww successor-asws, and his-saww Caliph, and the Imam-asws from after him-saww. Thus, it is due to that, he-saww said: ‘I-saww and Ali-asws are the two fathers of this community’.

وصعد النبي صلى الله عليه وآله المنبر فقال من ترك دينا أو ضياعا فعلي والي، ومن ترك مالا فلورثته فصار بذلك أولى بهم من آبائهم وأمهاتهم وصار أولى بهم منهم بانفسهم وكذلك امير المؤمنين ” ع ” بعده جرى ذلك له مثل ما جرى لرسول الله صى الله عليه وآله وسلم.

And the Prophet-saww ascended the Pulpit and said: ‘The one who leaves debts or losses, so it (responsibility) is upon me-saww and to me-saww, and the one who leaves wealth, so it is for his inheritors’. Thus, by that he-saww became closer to them than their own (biological) fathers and mothers, and became closer to them than their own selves. And like that is Amir Al-Momineen-asws after him-saww. That flowed for him-asws like what flowed for Rasool-Allah-saww’.[12]

Abu Al Husayn Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Shah narrated to us, from Abu Bakr Muhammad Bin Ja’far Bin Ahmad Al Baghdady, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Al Sakht, from Muhammad Bin al Aswad Al Waraq, from Ayoub Bin Suleyman, from Hafs Bin Al Bakhtary, from Muhammad Bin Hameed, from Muhammad Bin Am Mankadar, from Jabir Bin Abdullah who said,

حدثنا أبو الحسين محمد بن علي بن الشاه قال: حدثنا أبو بكر محمد بن جعفر بن احمد البغدادي بآمد قال: حدثنا ابى قال: حدثنا احمد بن السخت قال حدثنا محمد بن الاسود الوراق عن أيوب بن سليمان عن حفص بن البختري عن محمد بن حميد عن محمد بن المنكدر عن جابر بن عبد الله قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله انا اشبه الناس بآدم وإبراهيم أشبه الناس بى خلقه وخلقه وسماني الله من فوق عرشه عشرة اسماء وبين الله وصفي وبشرني على لسان كل رسول بعثه الله إلى قومه وسماني ونشر في التوراة اسمى وبث ذكري في اهل التوراة والانجيل وعلمني كتابه ورفعني في سمائه

‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww am the one who resembles Adam-as the most from the people, and Ibrahim-as resembles me-saww the most from the people, in his-as creation and his-as manners, and Allah-azwj has Named me-as from above His-azwj Throne with ten names and Described me-saww, and Gave my-saww glad tidings upon the tongues of every Rasool-saww that Allah-azwj Sent to his-as people, and Named me-saww, and Publicised my-saww name in the Torah, and Broadcast my-saww remembrance among the people of the Torah, and the Evangel, and Taught me-saww His-azwj Book, and Raised me-saww to His-azwj sky.

وشق لي أسما من اسمائه فسماني محمدا وهو محمود وأخرجني في خير قرن من أمتي وجعل اسمي في التوراة احيد فبالتوحيد حرم اجساد امتي على النار وسماني في الانجيل احمد فانا محمود في اهل السماء وجعل أمتي الحامدين وجعل اسمي في الزبور ماحي محى الله عزوجل بي من الارض وعبادة الاوثان وجعل اسمي في القرآن محمدا فانا محمود في جميع القيامة في فصل القضاء لا يشفع احد غيري

And He-azwj Endowed for me-saww a Name from His-azwj Names, so He-azwj Named me-saww as ‘Muhammad’, and He-azwj is the Praised One, and Raised me-saww among the best generation of my-saww communities. And He-azwj Made my-saww name to be in the Torah as ‘Aheed’. So, it was due to the Oneness that He-azwj Forbade the bodies of my-saww community upon the Fire. And He-azwj Named me-saww in the Evangel as ‘Ahmad’. Thus, I-saww am the praised one among the inhabitants of the sky, and He-azwj Made my-saww community to be the praising ones. And He-azwj Made my-saww name in the Psalms to be ‘Mahiya’, so Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Obliterate (Mahou) the worshipping of the idols from the earth. And He-azwj Made my-saww name in the Quran to be ‘Muhammad’, so I-saww am the praised one among the gathered ones on the Day of Judgement with regards to the Decision and the Judgement. No one would intercede apart from me-saww.

وسماني في القيامة حاشرا يحشر الناس على قدمى وسماني الموقف أوقف الناس بين يدي الله عز وجل وسماني العاقب انا عقب النبيين ليس بعدي رسول وجعلني رسول الرحمة ورسول الملاحم والمقتفى قفيت النبيين جماعة وانا المقيم الكامل الجامع

And He-azwj Named me-saww for the Day of Judgement as ‘Haashira’, the people being crammed to be in front of me-saww. And He-saww Named me-saww as ‘Al-Mowqaf’, for I-saww would be pausing the people in front of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. And He-azwj Named me-saww as ‘Al-Aaqib’, (because) I-saww am the end result of the Prophets, there not being any Rasool-as to come after me-saww. And He-azwj Made me-saww to be the Rasool-saww of the Mercy, and a Rasool-saww of the epic (after a long series of Prophets-as), and ‘Al-Muqtafi’, being similar to the group of the Prophets-as. And I-saww am ‘Al-Muqeem’, and I-saww am a fully inclusive resident.

ومن علي ربي وقال لي يا محمد صلى الله عليك فقد ارسلت كل رسول إلى أمته بلسانها وارسلتك إلى كل احمر واسود من خلقي ونصرتك بالرعب الذي لم انصر به احدا واحللت لك الغنيمة ولم تحل لاحد قبلك واعطيتك لك ولامتك كنزا من كنوز عرشي فاتحة الكتاب وخاتمة سورة البقرة وجعلت لك ولأمتك الارض كلها مسجداو ترابها طهورا واعطيت لك ولامتك التكبير وقرنت ذكرك بذكري حتى لا يذكرنى احد من امتك إلا ذكرك مع ذكري فطوبى لك يا محمد ولامتك.

And my-saww Lord-azwj Favoured upon me-saww and Said to me-saww: “O Muhammad-saww! May Blessings be upon you-saww, I-azwj have Sent every Rasool-as to his-as community with its language, and Sent you-saww to every red one, and black one from My-azwj creatures, and Helped you-saww with the awe (wonder) which I-azwj did not Help anyone (else) with, and Made Permissible for you-saww, the war booty, and have not Made it Permissible to anyone before you-saww and Given you-saww, for you-saww and for your-saww community, a treasure from the treasures of My-azwj Throne – the Opening of the Book (Surah Al-Fatiha) and the end part of the Surah Al-Baqarah. And I-azwj have Made the earth, to be for you-saww and for your-saww community, all of it, as a Masjid (a place of Prostration), and its dust to be a means of purification. And I-azwj Gave to you-saww and to your-saww community, the Exclamation of Greatness (Takbeer), and Paired your-saww mention and My-azwj Mention, to the extent that no one from your-saww community would mention Me-azwj, except that he would (have to) mention you-saww along with My-azwj Mention. So Good News be to you-saww, O Muhammad-saww, and to your-saww community’.[13]

(باب 107 – العلة التى من أجلها قال الله عز وجل لنبيه صلى الله) (عليه وآله فان كنت في شك مما أنزلنا اليك فاسأل الذين) (يقرؤن الكتاب من قبلك)

Chapter 107 – The reason due to which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to His-azwj Prophet-saww [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you

حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي (رضي الله عنه)، قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد ابن مسعود، عن أبيه، قال: حدثنا علي بن عبد الله، عن بكر بن صالح، عن أبي الخير، عن محمد بن حسان، عن محمد بن عيسى، عن محمد بن إسماعيل الداري، عن محمد بن سعيد الإذخري- و كان ممن يصحب موسى بن محمد بن علي الرضا (عليه السلام)- أن موسى أخبره، أن يحيى بن أكثم كتب إليه يسأله عن مسائل، فيها: و أخبرني عن قول الله عز و جل: فَإِنْ كُنْتَ فِي شَكٍّ مِمَّا أَنْزَلْنا إِلَيْكَ فَسْئَلِ الَّذِينَ يَقْرَؤُنَ الْكِتابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ من المخاطب‏ بالاية؟ فإن كان المخاطب بها النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) أليس قد شك فيما أنزل الله عز و جل إليه؟ و إن كان المخاطب غيره فعلى غيره إذن أنزل القرآن؟

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Ibn Masoud, from his father, from Ali Bin Abdullah, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Abu Al Khayr, from Muhammad Bin Hisan, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Dary,

(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Saeed Al-Azkhary – and he was from the ones who were the companions of Musa Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Al-Reza-asws – that Musa informed him that Yahya Bin Aksam wrote to him asking him about a problem, and in it was, ‘And inform me about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you, who is being Addressed by this Verse? For, if it was the Prophet-saww who was being Addressed, did he-saww have doubt in what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Revealed unto him-saww? And if it was someone else, so is it upon someone else that the Quran had been Revealed?’

قال موسى: فسألت أخي علي بن محمد (عليهما السلام) عن ذلك، فقال: «أما قوله: فَإِنْ كُنْتَ فِي شَكٍّ مِمَّا أَنْزَلْنا إِلَيْكَ فَسْئَلِ الَّذِينَ يَقْرَؤُنَ الْكِتابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ فإن المخاطب بذلك رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و لم يكن في شك مما أنزل الله عز و جل، و لكن قالت الجهلة: كيف لا يبعث إلينا نبيا من الملائكة؟ إنه لم يفرق بينه و بين غيره في الاستغناء عن المأكل و المشرب و المشي في الأسواق.

Musa said, ‘So I asked my brother-asws, Ali-asws Bin Muhammad-asws about that, so he-asws said: ‘As for His-azwj Words [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you, so the one Addressed by that is Rasool-Allah-saww, and it was not the doubt about what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Revealed unto him-saww, but the ignoramuses said, ‘How come there has not been Sent to us a Prophet-as from the Angels?’ They could not differentiate between him-saww and others with regards to being self-sufficient from the eating, and the drinking, and the walking in the markets.

فأوحى الله عز و جل إلى نبيه (صلى الله عليه و آله): فَسْئَلِ الَّذِينَ يَقْرَؤُنَ الْكِتابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ بمحضر من الجهلة، هل بعث الله رسولا قبلك إلا و هو يأكل الطعام و يمشي في الأسواق؟ و لك بهم أسوة، و إنما قال: فَإِنْ كُنْتَ فِي شَكٍّ و لم يكن ، و لكن لينصفهم، كما قال له (صلى الله عليه و آله): فَقُلْ تَعالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْناءَنا وَ أَبْناءَكُمْ وَ نِساءَنا وَ نِساءَكُمْ وَ أَنْفُسَنا وَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَلْ لَعْنَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكاذِبِينَ و لو قال: تعالوا نبتهل فنجعل لعنة الله عليكم.

So, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto His-azwj Prophet-saww ask those who read the Book before you in the presence of the ignorance, ‘Has Allah-azwj ever Sent a Rasool-as except that he-as ate the food, and walked in the markets? And for you-saww they-as were examples. But rather, He-azwj Said [10:94] But if you are in doubt, and did not Say, ‘But in order to do justice to them’, just as He-azwj Said to him-saww [3:61] then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our selves and your selves, then imprecate, so let the Curse of Allah be upon the liars. And He-azwj could have Said: “Come, let us imprecate, so let the Curse of Allah-azwj be upon the liars”.

لم يكونوا يجيبون للمباهلة و قد عرف أن نبيه (صلى الله عليه و آله) مؤد عنه رسالته، و ما هو من الكاذبين، و كذلك عرف النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) أنه صادق فيما يقول، و لكن أحب أن ينصف من نفسه».

They (the Christians of Najran) would not have been able to answer to the imprecation and would have recognised that he-saww is indeed Allah-azwj Prophet-saww, a performer in accordance with His-azwj Message, and he-saww is not from the liars, and thus recognise the Prophet-saww that he-saww is a truthful with regards to what he-saww is saying, but I-azwj Loved it that he-saww should do justice from himself’.[14]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن ابن أبان، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن حماد بن عيسى، عن إبراهيم بن عمير رفعه إلى أحدهما في قول الله عز وجل لنبيه صلى الله عليه وآله (فان كنت في شك مما انزلنا اليك فاسأل الذين يقرؤن الكتاب من قبلك) قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لا أشك ولا أسأل.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Abaan, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Ibrahim Bin Umar,

It was asked from the one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic to His-azwj Prophet-saww [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you. He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww do not doubt, nor do I-saww Question’.[15]

(باب 108 – علة تسليم النبي صلى الله عليه وآله على الصبيان)

Chapter 108 – Reason for the Prophet-saww greeting the children

حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي السمرقندي رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسعود عن أبيه ابى النصر محمد بن مسعود العياشي قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن علي بن فضال قال: حدثنا محمد بن الوليد عن العباس ابن هلال عن علي بن موسى الرضا ” ع ” عن أبيه موسى بن جعفر عن أبيه جعفر ابن محمد عن ابيه محمد بن علي عن أبيه علي بن الحسين عن أبيه الحسين بن علي عن أبيه علي بن أبى طالب عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله خمس لا أدعهن حتى الممات الاكل على الحضيض مع العبيد وركوبي الحمار مؤكفا وحلبي العنز بيدي ولبس الصوف والتسليم على الصبيان ليكون ذلك سنة من بعدي.

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy Al Samarqandy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father, from Abu Al Nasar Muhammad Bin Masoud Al Ayyashi, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Muhammad Bin Al Waleed, from Al Abbas Ibn Hilal,

(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws father-asws Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his-asws father-asws Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There are five (characteristics) that I-saww shall not leave till the death – Eating upon the low ground along with the slaves, and riding the donkey with the saddle, and milking the goat with my-saww own hands, and wearing wool, and the greeting to the children, in order for that to be a Sunnah from after me-saww’.[16]

(باب 110 – العلة التى من أجلها أيتم الله عز وجل نبيه صلى الله عليه وآله)

Chapter 110 – The reason due to which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made His-azwj Prophet-saww to be an orphan

حدثنا حمزة بن محمد العلوي رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا أبو العباس احمد ابن محمد الكوفي، عن علي بن الحسن بن فضال عن اخيه عن احمد بن محمد ابن عبد الله بن مروان عن ابن أبى عمير عن بعض أصحابه عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال ان الله عز وجل أيتم نبيه صلى الله عليه وآله لئلا يكون لاحد عليه طاعة.

Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from Abu Al Abbas Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Al Kufy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazaal, from his brother, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Abdullah Bin Marwan, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of his companions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made His-azwj Prophet-saww to be an orphan that there would not happen to be anyone he-saww had to be obedient to’.[17]

(باب 111 – العلة التى من أجلها لم يبق لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ولد)

Chapter 111 – The reason due to which a son did not remain for Rasool-Allah-saww

أخبرنا علي بن حاتم القزويني فيما كتب إلى قال: اخبرنا القاسم بن محمد قال حدثنا حمدان بن الحسين عن الحسين بن الوليد عن عبد الله بن حماد عن عبد الله ابن سنان عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: قلت له لاي علة لم يبق لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ولد قال لان الله عز وجل خلق محمدا صلى الله عليه وآله نبينا وعليا عليه السلام وصيا فلو كان لرسول الله ولد من بعده لكان أولى برسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من امير المؤمنين فكانت لا تثبت وصية امير المؤمنين عليه السلام.

Ali Bin Haatim Al Qazwiny informed us with regards to what was written to him, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from Abdullah Bin Hamaad, from Abdullah Ibn Sinan,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Why did there not remain a son for Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-asws said: ‘Because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created Muhammad-saww as our Prophet-saww, and Ali-asws as a successor-asws. So if there was a son for Rasool-Allah-saww from after him-saww, he would have been closer with Rasool-Allah-saww than Amir Al-Momineen-asws, so the successorship of Amir Al-Momineen-asws would not have been affirmed’.[18]

(باب 112 – علة المعراج)

Chapter 112 – Reason for the Ascension (Mi’raaj)

حدثنا محمد بن احمد بن السنانى وعلي بن احمد بن محمد الدقاق والحسين ابن إبراهيم بن احمد بن هشام المؤدب وعلى بن عبد الله الوراق رضى الله عنهم قالوا حدثنا محمد بن ابى عبد الله الكوفي الاسدي، عن موسى بن عمران النخعي عن عمه الحسين بن يزيد النوفلي عن على بن سالم عن أبيه عن ثابت بن دينار قال سألت زين العابدين على بن الحسين بن على بن أبى طالب ” ع ” عن الله جل جلاله هل يوصف بمكان فقال تعالى عن ذلك

Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al-Sanany narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Daqaq, and Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Hisham Al-Mowdab, and Ali Bin Abdullah Al-Waraq, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al-Kufy Al-Asady, from Musa Bin Umran Al-Nakha’ie, from his uncle Al-Husayn Bin Yazeed Al-Nowfaly, from Ali Bin Salim, from his father, from Sabit Ibn Dinar who said,

‘I asked Zayn Al-Abideen-asws Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws about Allah-azwj Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, can He-azwj be described with a place?’ So he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is Higher than that’.

قلت: لم أسرى بنبيه (صلى الله عليه و آله) إلى السماء؟ قال: «ليريه ملكوت السماوات و ما فيها من عجائب صنعه و بدائع خلقه». قلت: فقول الله عز و جل: ثُمَّ دَنا فَتَدَلَّى فَكانَ قابَ قَوْسَيْنِ أَوْ أَدْنى؟ قال: «ذاك رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، دنا من حجب النور، فرأى ملكوت السماوات، ثم تدلى (صلى الله عليه و آله) فنظر من تحته إلى ملكوت الأرض، حتى ظن أنه في القرب من الأرض كقاب قوسين أو أدنى».

I said, ‘Why did He-azwj Make His-azwj Prophet-saww to ascend to the sky?’ He-asws said: ‘To Make him-saww see the Kingdoms of the skies and whatever is in these from the wonders of His-azwj Making and His-azwj creatures’. I said, ‘So (what about) the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [53:8] Then he approached, so he bowed [53:9] So he was the measure of two bows or even closer?’ He-asws said: ‘That is Rasool-Allah-saww, approaching the Veils of the Light. So he-saww saw the Kingdoms of the skies, then he-asws bowed, so he-saww looked underneath him-saww to the kingdoms of the earth until he-saww thought he-saww was near to the earth [53:9] the measure of two bows or even closer’.[19]

حدثنا الحسين بن إبراهيم بن احمد بن هشام المؤدب وعلي بن عبد الله الوراق واحمد بن زياد بن جعفر الهمداني رضى الله عنهم قالوا حدثنا على بن إبراهيم بن هاشم عن أبيه عن يحيى بن أبى عمران وصالح بن السندي عن يونس ابن عبد الرحمان قال: قلت لابي الحسن موسى بن جعفر عليهما السلام لاي علة عرج الله بنبيه صلى الله عليه وآله إلى السماء ومنها إلى سدرة المنتهى ومنها إلى إلى حجب النور وخاطبه وناجاه هناك والله لا يوصف بمكان فقال ان الله لا يوصف بمكان ولا يجرى عليه زمان ولكنه عز وجل أراد ان يشرف به ملائكته وسكان سمواته ويكرمهم بمشاهدته ويريه من عجايب عظمته ما يخبر به بعد هبوطه وليس ذلك على ما يقوله المشبهون سبحان الله وتعالى عما يصفون.

Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Ahmad Bin Hisham Al Mo’dab, and Ali Bin Abdullah Al Waraaq and Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far al Hamdany narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Yahya Bin Abu Umran and Salih Bin Al Sandy, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman who said,

‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, ‘What was the reason for Allah-azwj to Ascend His-azwj Prophet-saww to the sky, and from it to the Lote Tree, and from it to Veils of Light. And He-azwj Addressed him-saww and he-saww whispered to Him-azwj over there, and Allah-azwj cannot be described by a place?’

فقال (عليه السلام): «إن الله لا يوصف بمكان، و لا يجري عليه زمان، و لكنه عز و جل أراد أن يشرف به ملائكته و سكان سماواته، و يكرمهم بمشاهدته، و يريه من عجائب عظمته ما يخبر به بعد هبوطه، و ليس ذلك على ما يقوله المشبهون، سبحانه و تعالى عما يصفون».

So he-asws said: ‘Surely, Allah-azwj cannot be described to be in a place, nor does the time flow for Him-azwj, but the Mighty and Majestic Intended that He-azwj should Grant the Nobility to His-azwj Angels and the inhabitants of the skies, and Honour them by looking at him-saww. And He-azwj Showed him-saww from the great wonders what he-saww informed of after his-saww descent. And that is not as per what the resemblers (who make resembles of Allah-azwj) are saying. Glorious is He-azwj from what they are describing Him-azwj to be’.[20]

(باب 113 – العلة التى من أجلها لم يسأل النبي صلى الله عليه وآله ربه) (عز وجل التخفيف عن أمته من خمسين صلاة حتى سأله) (موسى والعلة التى من أجلها لم يسأل التخفيف) (عنهم من خمس صلوات)

Chapter 113 – The reason due to which the Prophet-saww did not ask his-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic for the lessening from his-saww community, from fifty Prayers, until Musa-as asked him-saww to do so; and the reason due to which he-as did not ask for the lessening them from the five Prayers 

حدثنا محمد بن محمد بن عصام رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا محمد بن يعقوب قال: حدثنا علي بن محمد بن سليمان عن اسماعيل بن إبراهيم عن جعفر بن محمد التميمي عن الحسين بن علوان عن عمرو بن خالد عن زيد بن علي عليه السلام قال: سألت أبى سيد العابدين ” ع ” فقلت له يا ابة اخبرني عن جدنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لما عرج به إلى السماء وأمره ربه عز وجل بخمسين صلاة كيف لم يسأله التخفيف عن أمته حتى قال له موسى بن عمران ارجع إلى ربك فاسأل التخفيف فإن أمتك لا تطيق ذلك

Muhammad Bin Muhammad Aasim narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Suleyman, from Ismail Bin Ibrahim, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Tameemi, from Al Husayn Bin Alwaan, from Amro Bin Khalid,

(It has been narrated) from Zayd son of Ali-asws who said, ‘I asked my father-asws, the Chief of the Worshippers, so I said, ‘O father-asws! Inform me about our grandfather Rasool-Allah-saww, when he-saww was ascended with to the sky, and his-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded him-saww with fifty Prayers, why did he-saww not ask for the lessening from his-saww community until Musa-as Bin Imran-as said to him-saww: ‘Return to your-saww Lord-azwj, and ask Him-azwj for the lessening, for your-saww community would not be able to bear that’.

فقال يا بني ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله كان لا يقترح على ربه عز وجل ولا يراجعه في شئ يأمره به فلما سأله موسى عليه السلام ذلك فكان شفيعا لامته إليه لم يجز له رد شفاعة اخيه موسى فرجع إلى ربه فسأله التخفيف إلى ان ردها إلى خمس صلوات

So he-asws said: ‘O my-asws son! Rasool-Allah-saww never used to suggest (anything) to his-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic, nor did he-saww ever had it reviewed anything that he-saww had been Commanded with. So when Musa-as asked that, he-as was an interceder for his-saww community to him-saww. It was not permissible for him-saww to turn down the intercession of his-saww brother-as Musa-as. Therefore, he-saww returned to his-saww Lord and asked for the lessening up to he-saww got it down to five Prayers.

قال: قلت له يا أبة فلم لا يرجع إلى ربه عز وجل ويسأله التخفيف عن خمس صلوات وقد سأله موسى ” ع ” ان يرجع إلى ربه ويسأله التخفيف؟ فقال له: يا بني اراد صلى الله عليه وآله ان يحصل لامته التخفيف مع أجر خمسين صلاة يقول الله عز وجل من جاء بالحسنة فله عشر أمثالها ألا ترى انه صلى الله عليه وآله لما هبط إلى الارض نزل عليه جبرئيل عليه السلام فقال يا محمد ان ربك يقرئك السلام ويقول انها خمس بخمسين ما يبدل القول لدى وما انا بظلام للعبيد

I said to him -asws, ‘Why did he-saww not return to his-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic and ask Him-azwj for the lessening from five Prayers, although Musa-as had asked him-saww to return to his-saww Lord-azwj and ask Him-azwj for the lessening?’ So he-asws said: ‘O my-asws son! He-saww wanted to achieve for his-saww community, the Recompense of fifty Prayers with the five Prayers. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying [6:160] Whoever comes with a good deed, he shall have ten like it. Do you not see that when he-saww descended to the earth, Jibraeel-as descended unto him-saww, so he-as said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Your-saww Lord-azwj Conveys the Greetings to you-saww, and is Saying: “It is five for the fifty. My-azwj Words have not Changed, and I-azwj am not the least unjust to the servants”.

قال: فقلت له يا أبة اليس الله تعالى ذكره لا يوصف بمكان قال تعالى الله عن ذلك علوا كبيرا قلت فما معنى قول موسى ” ع ” لرسول الله أرجع إلى ربك؟ فقال معناه: معنى قول إبراهيم عليه السلام انى ذاهب إلى ربى سيهدين ومعنى قول موسى وعجلت اليك رب لترضى ومعنى قوله عز وجل ففروا إلى الله يعني حجوا إلى بيت الله

So I said to him-asws, ‘O father-asws! Is it not that Allah-azwj cannot to be Described with a place?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is Higher than that, Exalted, Great’. I said, ‘So what is the Meaning of the words of Musa-as: ‘Return to your-saww Lord-azwj’?’ So he-asws said: ‘The meaning of it is the meaning of the words of Ibrahim-as [37:99] And he said: Surely I am going to my Lord; He will Guide me; and the meaning of the words of Musa-as [20:84] and I hastened on to You, Lord, so that You would be Pleased; and the Meaning of the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [51:50] Therefore flee to Allah – Meaning go to Hajj of the House of Allah-azwj (Kabah).

يا بني ان الكعبة بيت الله فمن حج بيت الله فقد قصد إلى الله والمساجد بيوت الله فمن سعى إليها فقد سعى إلى الله وقصد إليه والمصلى مادام في صلاته فهو واقف بين يدي الله جل جلاله وأهل موقف عرفات هم وقوف بين يدي الله عز وجل وان لله تعالى بقاعا في سماواته فمن عرج به إلى بقعة منها فقد عرج به إليه ألا تسمع الله عز وجل يقول تعرج الملائكة والروح إليه ويقول في قصة عيسى ” ع ” بل رفعه الله إليه ويقول عز وجل واليه يصعد الكلم الطيب والعمل الصالح يرفعه.

O my-asws son! The Kabah is the House of Allah-azwj, so the one who does the Hajj of the House of Allah-azwj, so he has headed towards Allah-azwj. And the Masajids are the Houses of Allah-azwj, so the one who runs towards these, so he has run to Allah-azwj and headed towards Him-azwj. And the Praying one, for as long as he is in the Prayer, so he has paused in front of Allahzwj, Mighty is His-azwj Majesty. And the people paused at Arafat, they have paused in front of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. And Allah-azwj the High has Locations in the skies, so the one who ascends to a location from it, so he has ascended to Him-azwj. Have you not hear Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Saying [70:4] To Him ascend the Angels and the Spirit; and He-azwj is Saying regarding the story of Isa-as [4:158] But! Allah Raised him up to Himself; and is Saying [35:10] To Him do ascend the good words; and the good deeds lift them up’.[21]

(باب 114 – علة محبة النبي صلى الله عليه وآله لعقيل بن أبى طالب حبين)

Chapter 114 – Reason for the love of the Prophet-saww for Aqeel Bin Abu Talib-as with two loves

حدثنا أبو محمد الحسن بن محمد بن يحيى بن الحسن بن جعفر بن عبيدالله ابن الحسين بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن ابى طالب ” ع ” قال: حدثني جدي يحيى ابن الحسن قال حدثني إبراهيم بن محمد بن يوسف الفريابى المقدسي قال: حدثنا علي ابن الحسن، عن إبراهيم بن رستم عن أبى حمزة السكري عن جابر بن يزيد الجعفي عن عبد الرحمان بن ساباط قال: كان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله يقول لعقيل إنى لاحبك يا عقيل حبين لك وحبا لحب أبى طالب لك.

Abu Muhammad Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Bin Al Hassan Bin Ja’far Bin Ubeydullah Ibn Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Abu Talib -asws narrated to us saygin, ‘My grandfather Yahya Ibn Al Hassan narrated to me, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Yusuf Al Faryabi Al Mqadasy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan, from Ibrahim Bin Rustam, from Abu Hamaza Al Askary, from Jabir Bin Yazeed Al Ju’fy, from Abdul Rahman Bin Sabat who said,

‘The Prophet-saww was saying to Aqeel: ‘I-saww love you, O Aqeel, with two loves – a love for you and a love for the love for Abu Talib-as for you’.[22]

(باب 115 – العلة التى من أجلها كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يحب) (الذراع اكثر من حبه لسائر أعضاء الشاة)

Chapter 115 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-saww used to love (eating) the arm (of the sheep) much more than the rest of the parts of the sheep

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن محمد بن احمد، عن علي بن الريان عبيدالله بن عبد الله الواسطي عن واصل بن سليمان أو عن درست يرفعه إلى أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: قلت له لم كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يحب الذراع اكثر من حبه لسائر اعضاء الشاة قال: فقال لان آدم قرب قربانا عن الانبياء من ذريته فسمى لكل نبي عضوا وسمى لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الذارع فمن ثم كان يحب الذراع ويشتهيها ويحبها ويفضلها.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ali Bin Al Rayan Ubeydullah Bin Abdullah Al Wasity, from Wasil Bin Suleyman, or from Darast,

(It has been narrated) raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Why was it that Rasool-Allah-azwj loved (eating) the arm (of the sheep) much more than he-saww loved the rest of the parts of the sheep?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because Adam-as offered an offering (sacrifice) on behalf of the Prophets-as from his-as offspring, so he-as named a part for every Prophet-as, and named the arm for Rasool-Allah-azwj. Thus, from then on, he-saww used to love (eating) the arm. He-saww coveted (desired) it, and loved it, and preferred it’.[23]

وفي حديث آخر ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله كان يحب الذراع لقربها من المرعى وبعدها من المبال.

And in another Hadeeth –

‘Rasool-Allah-saww used to love (eating) the arm (of the sheep) due to its proximity from the pastures and its remoteness from the private parts’.[24]

(باب 116 – العلة التى من أجلها سمى الاكرمون على الله تعالى) (محمدا وعليا وفاطمة والحسن والحسين صلوات الله عليهم)

Chapter 116 – The reason due to which the most prestigious names to Allah-azwj the High are Muhammad-saww, and Ali-asws, and Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws

حدثنا أبو نصر احمد بن الحسين بن احمد بن عبيد النيسابوري المروانى بنيسابور وما لقيت أنصب منه قال: حدثنا محمد بن اسحاق بن ابراهيم بن مهران السراج قال: حدثنا الحسن بن عرفة العبدي قال حدثنا وكيع بن الجراح عن محمد ابن اسرائيل عن ابى صالح عن أبى ذر رحمه الله قال: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وهو يقول خلقت أنا وعلي بن ابى طالب من نور واحد نسبح الله يمنة العرش قبل ان يخلق آدم بالفى عام

Abu Nasr Ahmad Bin Al Husayn Bin Ahmad Bin Ubeyd Al Neysabouri Al Marwany narrated to us at Naysabour, and focussed at what was received from him, from Muhammad Bin Is’haq Bin Ibrahim Bin Mahran Al Siraj, from Al Hassan Bin Arfat Al Abady, from Waki’e Bin Al Jarah, from Muhammad Ibn Israil, from Abu Salih,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Zarr-as having said, ‘I-as heard Rasool-Allah-saww and he-saww was saying: ‘I-saww and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws were Created from One Light. We-asws were Glorifying Allah-azwj on the right of the Throne before He-azwj Created Adam-as by two thousand years.

فلما ان خلق الله آدم جعل ذلك النور في صلبه ولقد سكن الجنة ونحن في صلبه ولقد هم بالخطيئة ونحن في صلبه ولقد ركب نوح في السفينة ونحن في صلبه ولقد قذف إبراهيم في النار ونحن في صلبه فلم يزل ينقلنا الله عز وجل من أصلاب طاهرة إلى ارحام طاهرة حتى انتهى بنا إلى عبد المطلب فقسمنا بنصفين فجعلني في صلب عبد الله وجعل عليا في صلب أبى طالب وجعل في النبوة والبركة وجعل في علي الفصاحة والفروسية وشق لنا اسمين من اسمائه فذو العرش محمود وانا محمد والله الاعلى وهذا علي.

So when Allah-azwj Created Adam-as, He-azwj Made that Light to be in his-as ‘صلبه’. And he-as had settled in the Paradise, and we-asws were in his-as ‘صلبه’, and he-as was with the error and we-asws were in his-as صلبه, and Noah-as had embarked in the ship and we-asws were in his-as صلبه, and Ibrahim-as had been thrown in the fire and we-asws were in his-as صلبه. Thus, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic did not cease to Transfer us-asws from a pure صلبه to a pure mothers until it ended up with us-asws to Abdul Muttalib-as. So He-azwj Divided us into two parts, and Made me-saww to be in the صلبه of Abdullah-asws and Made Ali-asws to be in the صلبه of Abu Talib-asws, and Made the Prophet-hood and the Blessings to be in me-saww, and Made the eloquence and the horsemanship to be in Ali-asws. And He-azwj Chose two names for us from His-azwj Names. Thus, the One with the Throne is ‘Mahmood’ (The Most Praised One), and I-saww am ‘Muhammad’ (The praised one), and Allah-azwj is ‘A’ala’ (The most Exalted One), and this is Ali-asws (The exalted one)’.[25]

حدثنا الحسن بن محمد بن سعيد الهاشمي الكوفي قال: حدثنا فرات بن ابراهيم الكوفي قال: حدثنا الحسن بن علي بن الحسين بن محمد قال حدثنا إبراهيم ابن الفضل بن جعفر بن على بن ابراهيم بن سليمان بن عبد الله بن العباس قال: حدثنا الحسن بن علي الزعفراني البصري قال: حدثنا سهل بن يسار قال: حدثنا أبو جعفر محمد بن علي الطايفي قال حدثنا محمد بن عبد الله مولى بني هاشم عن محمد ابن اسحاق عن الواقدي عن الهذيل عن مكحول عن طاوس عن ابن عباس قال: قال رسول الله لعلي بن أبى طالب ” ع ” لما خلق الله تعالى ذكره آدم ونفخ فيه من روحه واسجد له ملائكته واسكنه جنته وزوجه حواء امته فوقع طرفه نحو العرش فإذا هو بخمس سطور مكتوبات

Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Hashimy Al Kufy narrated to us, from Furat Bin Ibrahim Al Kufy, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Ibrahim Ibn Al Fazal Bin Ja’far Bin Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin suleyman Bin Abdullah Bin Al Abbas, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Za’frany Al Basry, from Sahl Bin Yasaar, from Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Ali Al Taify, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah, a slave of the Clan of Hashim -as, from Muhammad Ibn Is’haq, from Al Waqidy, from Al Hazeyl, from Makhoul, from Tawoos, from Ibn Abbas who said,

‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws: ‘When Allah-azwj, Elevated is His-azwj Mention, Created Adam-as, and Blew into him-as from His-azwj Spirit, and the Angels Prostrated to him-as, and Settled him-as in His-azwj Paradise, and Married His-azwj Maid Hawwa-as to him-as, he-as was near to the Throne and there were five Inscribed lines of writing.

قال آدم يا رب ما هؤلاء؟ قال تعالى هؤلاء الذين إذا شفعوا بهم إلى خلقي شفعتهم فقال آدم يا رب بقدر هم عندك ما اسمهم؟ فقال أما الاول فانا المحمود وهو محمد، والثاني فانا العالي وهذا علي والثالث فانا الفاطر وهذه فاطمة والرابع فانا المحسن وهذا الحسن والخامس فانا ذو الاحسان وهذا الحسين كل يحمد الله تعالى.

Adam-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! What are these?’ The High Said: “They are the ones, when My-azwj creatures seek intercession by them-asws, I-azwj shall Intercede”. So Adam-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! By their-asws value in Your-azwj Presence, what are their-asws names?’ He-azwj Said: “As for the first, so I-azwj am the Praised One (Al-Mahmoud) and he-saww is Muhammad-saww; and the second – so I-azwj am the High and this is Ali-asws; and as for the third, so I-azwj am the Originator (Faatir), and this is Fatima-asws; and the fourth, so I-azwj am the Bountiful (Al-Mohsin) and this is Al-Hassan-asws; and the fifth, so I-azwj am with the Favours (Zul-hsaan) and this is Al-Husayn-asws. All of them-asws are Glorifying Allah-azwj the High”.[26]

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا عبد العزيز بن يحيى الجلودي قال: حدثني المغيرة بن محمد بن قال حدثنا رجاء بن سلمة عن عمرو بن شمر عن جابر الجعفي في حديث طويل يذكر اسماء أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” في التوراة والانجيل والزبور وعند الهند وعند الروم وعند الفرس وعند الترك وعند الزنج وعند الكهنة وعند الحبشة وعند ابيه وعند امه وعند ظئره وعند العرب

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya Al Jaloudy, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad, from Raja’a Bin Salma, from Amro Bin Shimr,

(It has been narrated) from Jabir Al Ju’fy in a lengthy Hadeeth (from the 6th Imam-asws) mentioning the names of Amir Al-Momineen-asws in the Torah, and the Evangel, and the Psalms, and among the Indians, and among the Romans, and among the Persians, and among the Turks, among the people of Al-Zanj (East Africa), and among the sooth-sayers, and among the Ethiopians, and with his-asws father-as, and with his-asws mother-as, and among his-asws adherents, and among the Arabs.

ثم يفسر كل اسم بمعناه ويقول في آخره اختلف الناس من أهل المعرفة لم سمى علي عليا فقالت طائفة لم يسم أحد من ولد آدم قبله بهذا الاسم في العرب ولا في العجم إلا ان يكون الرجل من العرب يقول ابني هذا على يريد من العلو لا انه اسمه وانما سمى به الناس بعده وفي وقته

Then he-asws explained every name along with its meaning, and was saying at the end of it: ‘There is a differing among the people of the understanding, why Ali-asws was named as ‘Ali’. So a group said, ‘No one from the Children of Adam-as had been named before him-asws with this name, neither among the Arabs nor among the non-Arabs, except that the man from the Arabs was saying, ‘This son of mine is ‘Ali’, intending by it the highness, not that it was his name. But rather, the people named by it after him-asws, and during his-asws time.

وقالت طائفة سمى عليا لعلوه على كل من بارزه، وقالت طائفة سمى عليا لان داره في الجنان تعلو حتى تحاذي منازل الانبياء، وقالت طائفة سمى عليا لانه علا على ظهر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله بقدميه طاعة لله تعالى ولم يعل أحد على ظهر نبي غيره عند حط الاصنام من وسط الكعبة، وقالت طائفة إنما سمي عليا لانه زوج في أعلا السموات، ولم يزوج احد من خلق الله في ذلك الموضع غيره، وقالت طائفة إنما سمي عليا لانه أعلي الناس علما بعد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم.

And a group said, ‘He-asws was named as ‘Ali’ due to his-asws highness over every one who duelled (against) him-asws. And a group said, ‘He-asws was named as Ali-asws because of his-asws house in the Paradise being so high that it would be parallel to the houses of the Prophets-as. And a group said, ‘He-asws was named as ‘Ali’ because he-asws was high above the shoulders of Rasool-Allah-saww by his-asws feet, in obedience to Allah-azwj the High, and no one was elevated upon the shoulders of His-azwj Prophet-saww apart from him-asws, during the felling of the idols from the middle of the Kabah. And a group said, ‘But rather, he-asws was named as Ali-asws because he-asws was married in the high skies, and no one from the creatures of Allah-azwj was ever married in that place apart from him-asws. And a group said, ‘But rather, he-asws was the highest of the people in knowledge after Rasool-Allah-saww’.[27]

حدثنا احمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا أبو سعيد الحسن بن علي بن الحسين السكري قال: حدثنا أبو عبد الله محمد بن زكريا بن دينار الغلابى قال: حدثنا علي بن حكيم قال: حدثنا الربيع بن عبد الله، عن عبد الله بن الحسن، عن محمد بن على عن أبيه عليهما السلام، عن جابر بن عبد الله الانصاري، قال الغلابى وحدثني شعيب بن واقد قال: حدثني اسحاق بن جعفر بن محمد، عن الحسين بن عيسى بن زيد بن علي، عن أبيه عليه السلام عن جابر بن عبد الله، قال الغلابى: وحدثنا العباس بن بكار قال: حدثنا حرب بن ميمون عن أبى حمزة الثمالي عن زيد ابن علي عن أبيه عليهما السلام قال: لما ولدت فاطمة صلى الله عليها الحسن ” ع ” قالت لعلى سمه فقال ما كنت لاسبق باسمه رسول الله

Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qatan narrated to us, from Abu Saeed Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sakary, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Zakariyya Bin dinar Al Ghalaby, from Ali Bin Hakee,, from Al Rabie Bin Abdullah, from Abdullah Bin Al Hassan, from Muhammad Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Jabir Bin Abdullah Al Ansary, from Al Ghalaby and Shuayb Bin Waqad, from Is’haq Bin Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Isa Bin Zayd son of Ali-asws, from his father-asws, from Jabir Bin Abdullah, from Al Abbas Bin Bakaar, from Harn Bin Maymoun, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly, from Zayd son of Ali-asws,

(It has been narrated) from his father-asws having said: ‘When Fatima-asws was blessed with Al-Hassan-asws, she-asws said to Ali-asws: ‘Name him-asws’. So he-asws said: ‘It was never for me-asws to preceded Rasool-Allah-saww with naming him-asws’.

فجاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فاخرج إليه في خرقة صفراء فقال: الم أنهكم ان تلفوه في خرقة صفراء ثم رمى بها وأخذ خرقة بيضاء فلفه فيها ثم قال لعلى عليه السلام هل سميته؟ فقال ما كنت لاسبقك باسمه فقال صلى الله عليه واله وما كنت لاسبق باسمه ربى عز وجل،

So when Rasool-Allah-saww came over, he-asws brought him-asws out (wrapped up) in a yellow cloth. So he-saww said: ‘Have I-saww not forbidden you-asws to wrap him-asws in a yellow cloth?’ Then he-saww threw away and grabbed a white cloth and wrapped him-asws up in it. Then he-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘Have you-asws named him-asws yet?’ So he-asws said: ‘It was never for me-asws to precede you-saww with naming him-asws’. So he-saww said: ‘And it was never for me-saww to preceded my-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic with naming him-asws’.

فأوحى الله تبارك وتعالى إلى جبرئيل انه ولد لمحمد ابن فاهبط فاقرأه السلام وهنه وقل له ان عليا منك بمنزلة هارون من موسى فسمه باسم ابن هارون، فهبط جبرئيل فهناه من الله تعالى ثم قال ان الله جل جلاله يأمرك ان تسميه باسم ابن هارون قال: وما كان اسمه؟ قال شبر قال لساني عربي، قال سمه الحسن فسماه الحسن،

So Allah-azwj Blessed and High Revealed unto Jibraeel-as that there has been a gift for Muhammad-saww, so go down and Convey the Greetings to him-saww, and congratulate him-saww and say to him: “Ali-asws from you-saww is of the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as, therefore name him with the name of the son of Haroun-as”. So Jibraeel-as descended and congratulated him-saww from Allah-azwj the High, then said: ‘Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Commands you-saww that you-saww should name him-as with the name of a son of Haroun-as’. He-saww said: ‘And what was his name?’ He-as said: ‘Shabbar’. He-saww: ‘My-saww language is Arabic’. He-as said: ‘Name him-asws as ‘Al-Hassan’. So he-saww named him-asws as ‘Al-Hassan’.

فلما ولد الحسين ” ع ” أوحي الله تعالى إلى جبرئيل ” ع ” أنه قد ولد لمحمد ابن فاهبط إليه فهنه وقل له ان عليا منك بمنزلة هارون من موسى فسمه باسم ابن هارون فهبط جبرئيل ” ع ” فهناه من الله تعالى ثم قال: ان الله عز وجل يامرك ان تسميه باسم ابن هارون، فقال وما كان اسمه؟ قال: شبيرا، قال: لساني عربي، قال: سمه الحسين.

So when Al-Husayn-asws came (to the holy family-asws), Allah-azwj Revealed unto Jibraeel-as: “There has been a son-asws for Muhammad-saww, so descend unto him-saww, and congratulate him-saww, and say to him-saww that Ali-asws from you-saww is at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as, therefore name him-asws with the name of the son of Haroun-as”. So Jibraeel-as descended, and congratulated him-saww from Allah-azwj the High, then said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commands you-saww that you-saww should name him-asws with the name of a son of Haroun-as’. So he-saww said: ‘And what was his name?’ He-as said: ‘Shabeer’. He-saww said: ‘My-saww language is Arabic’. He-as said: ‘Name him-asws as ‘Al-Husayn’.[28]

وبهذا الاسناد عن العباس بن بكار قال حدثنا عباد بن كثير وابو بكر الهذلي، عن ابن الزبير، عن جابر قال: لما حملت فاطمة بالحسن فولدت وقد كان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله أمرهم ان يلفوه في خرقة بيضاء فلفوه في صفراء وقالت فاطمة عليها السلام يا علي سمه فقال: ما كنت لاسبق باسمه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فجاء النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فاخذه وقبله وادخل لسانه في فيه فجعل الحسن ” ع ” يمصه

And by this chain, from Al Abbas Bin Bakaar, from Abaad Bin Kaseer and Abu Bakr Al Hazaly, from Ibn Al Zubeyr, from Jabir who said,

‘When Fatima-asws was blessed with Al-Hassan-asws, and the Prophet-saww had ordered them-asws that they-asws should wrap him-asws in a white wrapping, but they wrapped him-asws in yellow, and Fatima-asws said: ‘O Ali-asws! Name him-as’. So he-asws said: ‘It was not for me-asws that I-asws should preceded Rasool-Allah-saww with naming him-asws’. So the Prophet-as came over and took him-asws, and kissed him-asws, and entered his-saww tongue into his-asws mouth. So Al-Hassan-asws went on to touch him-saww.

ثم قال لهم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الم اتقدم اليكم إلا تلفوه في خرقة صفراء فدعا بخرقة بيضاء فلفه ورمى الصفراء واذن في اذنه اليمنى وأقام في اليسرى ثم قال لعلى ” ع ” ما سميته قال: ما كنت لاسبقك باسمه

Then Rasool-Allah-saww said to them-asws: ‘Did I-saww not send (my-saww instructions) forward to you-asws not to wrap him-asws in a yellow wrapping?’ So he-saww called for a white wrapping, and wrapped him-asws in it, and threw away the yellow, and recited ‘Azaan’ (Call for the Prayer) in his-asws right ear, and ‘Iqamah’ (Call for the establishment of the Prayer) in his-asws left’. Then he-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘What have you-asws named him-asws as?’ He-asws said: ‘It was never for me-asws that I-asws should precede you-saww with naming him-asws’.

فأوحى الله تعالى ذكره إلى جبرئيل ” ع ” انه قد ولد لمحمد ابن فاهبط إليه فاقرأه السلام وهنه مني ومنك وقل له ان عليا منك بمنزلة هارون من موسى فسمه باسم ابن هارون فهبط جبرئيل فهناه من الله تعالى ثم قال: ان الله جل جلاله يامرك ان تسميه باسم ابن هارون قال: ماكان اسمه؟ قال: شبر، قال: لساني عربي قال: سمه الحسن فسماه الحسن

So Allah-azwj, Elevated is His-azwj Mention, Revealed unto Jibraeel-as: “There has been a son for Muhammad-saww, therefore go down to him-saww, and Convey the Greetings and congratulation from Me-azwj and from you-as, and say to him-saww: ‘Ali-asws is from you-asws at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as, so name him-asws with the name of a son of Haroun-as’”. So Jibraeel-as descended and congratulated him-saww from Allah-azwj the High, then said: ‘Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, Commands you-saww that you-saww should name him-asws the name of a son of Harounsa’. He-saww said: ‘What was his name?’ He-as said: ‘Shabar’. He-saww said: ‘My-saww language is Arabic’. He-as said: ‘Name him-asws as ‘Al-Hassan’. So he-saww named him-asws as ‘Al-Hassan’.

فلما ولد الحسين جاء إليهم النبي ففعل به كما فعل بالحسن ” ع ” وهبط جبرئيل على النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فقال ان الله تعالى يقرئك السلام ويقول لك ان عليا منك بمنزلة هارون من موسى فسمه باسم ابن هارون قال: وما كان أسمه؟ قال شبيرا قال لساني عربي قال فسمه الحسين فسماه الحسين.

So when Al-Husayn-asws was blessed, the Prophet-saww came over to them-asws, so he-saww did with him-asws as he-saww had done with Al-Hassan-asws, and Jibraeel-as descended unto the Prophet-saww and said: ‘Allah-azwj the High Conveys the Greetings to you-saww and is Saying to you-saww that Ali-asws is from you-saww of the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as, therefore name him-asws with the name of a son of Haroun-as’. He-saww said: ‘And what was his name?’ He-as said: ‘Shabeera’. He-saww said: ‘My-saww language is Arabic’. He-as said: ‘So name him-asws as ‘Al-Husayn’. So he-saww named him as ‘Al-Husayn’.[29]

وبهذا الاسناد عن الغلابى قال: حدثنا الحكم بن اسلم قال حدثنا وكيع عن الاعمش عن سالم قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله انى سميت ابني هذين باسم ابني هارون شبرا وشبيرا.

And by this chain, from Al Ghalaby, from Al Hakam Bin Aslam, from Wakie, from Al Amsh, from Salim who said,

‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww named my-saww two sons-asws with the names of the two sons of Haroun-as, Shabra, and Shabeera’.[30]

حدثنا الحسن بن محمد بن يحيى العلوي رحمه الله قال حدثني جدي قال حدثني احمد بن صالح التميمي قال حدثنا عبد الله بن عيسى عن جعفر بن محمد عن أبيه عليهما السلام قال أهدى جبرئيل إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله اسم الحسن بن علي ” ع ” وخرقة حرير من ثياب الجنة واشتق اسم الحسين من اسم الحسن عليهما السلام.

Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Alawy narrated to us, from his grandfather, from Ahmad Bin Salih Al Tameemi, from Abdullah Bin Isa,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Jibraeel-as gifted to Rasool-Allah-saww the name of Al-Hassan Bin Ali-asws, and a silk cloth from the clothing of the Paradise, and the name of Al-Husayn-asws was derived from the name of Al-Hassan-asws’.[31]

(باب 117 – العلة التى من أجلها وجبت محبة الله تبارك وتعالى) (ومحبة رسوله وأهل بيته صلوات الله عليهم على العباد)

Chapter 117 – The reason due to which the love of Allah-azwj Blessed and High, and the love for His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the People-asws of his-saww Household is Obligated upon the servants

حدثنا أبو سعيد محمد بن الفضل بن محمد بن اسحاق المذكر النيسابوري قال حدثنا احمد بن العباس بن حمزة قال: حدثنا احمد بن يحيى الصوفي الكوفي قال حدثنا يحيى بن معين قال حدثنا هشام بن يوسف عن عبد الله بن سليمان النوفلي عن محمد بن علي بن عبد الله بن عباس عن أبيه عن جده قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله احبوا الله لما يغدوكم به من نعمه واحبوني لحب الله واحبوا أهل بيتي لحبي.

Abu Saeed Muhammad Bin Al Fazal Bin Muhammad Bin Is’haq Al Mazkar Al Naysabouri narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Al Abbas Bin Hamza, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Al Sowfy Al Kufy, from Yahya Bin Maeen, from Hisham Bin Yusuf, from Abdullah Bin Suleyman Al Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Abdullah Bin Abbas, from his father, from his grandfather who said,

‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Love Allah-azwj when you come to be with His-azwj Bounties, and love me-saww for the love of Allah-azwj, and love the People-asws of my-saww Household for my-asws love’.[32]

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رحمه الله قال: حدثنا أبو احمد القاسم بن بندار المعروف بابى صالح الحذاء قال: حدثنا أبو حاتم محمد بن إدريس الحنظلي قال حدثنا محمد بن عبد الله بن المثنى بن عبد الله بن أنس بن مالك الانصاري قال: حدثنا حميد الطويل عن أنس مالك قال: جاء رجل من أهل البادية، وكان يعجبنا ان يأتي الرجل من أهل البادية يسأل النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فقال يارسول الله متى قيام الساعة فحضرت الصلاة فلما قضى صلاته قال: اين السائل عن الساعة قال أنا يارسول الله قال فما أعددت لها؟ والله ما اعددت لها من كثير عمل لا صلاة ولاصوم إلا انى أحب الله ورسوله فقال له النبي صلى الله عليه وآله، المرء مع من أحب

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abu Ahmad Al qasim Bin Bandar well known as Abu Salih Al Haza’a, from Abu Hatim Muhammad Bin Idrees Al Hanzaly, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Al Masny Bin Abdullah Bin Ana Bin Malik Al Ansary, from Hameed Al Taweel, from Anas Malik who said,

‘A man from the people of Badiya (a Bedouin) came over, we found it to be strange that a man from the people of Al-Badiya (a Bedouin) would come to ask the Prophet-saww. So he said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! When will the Hour be Established?’ So the time for the Prayer came up. So when he-saww had fulfilled his-saww Prayer, said, ‘Where is the questioner who asked about the Hour?’ He said, ‘I did, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ Rasool Allah-saww said: ‘So what have you prepared for it?’ He said, ‘By Allah-azwj! I have not prepared for it from the frequency of the good deeds, nor Prayers, nor Fasts, except that I love Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww’. So the Prophet-saww said to him: ‘The person is with the one whom he loves’.

قال أنس فما رأيت المسلمين فرحوا بعد الاسلام بشئ أشد من فرحهم بهذا.

Anas said, ‘So the Muslim were never seen to be more happy after Al-Islam with anything, more intensely happy than their happiness with this’.[33]

حدثنا عبد الله بن محمد بن عبد الوهاب القرشي قال: حدثنا أبو نصر منصور بن عبد الله بن إبراهيم الاصبهاني قال: حدثنا على بن عبد الله قال حدثنا عثمان بن خرذاذ قال: حدثنا محمد بن عمران قال: حدثنا سعيد بن عمرو عن عبد الرحمان بن أبى ليلى عن ابيه ابى ليلى قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لا يؤمن عبد حتى اكون أحب إليه من نفسه وتكون عترتي إليه أعز من عترته ويكون أهلي أحبه إليه من اهله وتكون ذاتي أحب إليه من ذاته.

Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahab Al Qarshy narrated to us, from Abu Nasr Mansour Bin Abdullah Bin Ibrahim Al Isbahany, from Ali Bin Abdullah, fro mUsman Bin Kharzaz, from Muhammad Bin Imran, from Saeed Bin Amro, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Layli, from his father Abu Layli who said,

‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘A servant has not believed until he happens to love me-saww more than himself, and my-saww family happens to be more dear to him than his own relatives, my-saww self happens to be more beloved to him than his own self’.[34]

(باب 118 – علة عشق الباطل)

Chapter 118 – The Reason why falsehood is adored

حدثنا محمد بن على ماجيلويه رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا عمي محمد بن أبى القاسم عن محمد بن علي الكوفي عن محمد بن سنان عن المفضل بن عمر قال: سألت أبا عبد الله جعفر بن محمد الصادق ” ع ” عن العشق فقال قلوب خلت من ذكر الله فاذاقها الله حب غيره.

Muhammad Bin Ali Majalawiya narrated to us, from an unlce of Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar who said,

‘Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws was asked about the adoration, so he-asws said: ‘The hearts which are empty from the Remembrance of Allah-azwj, so Allah-azwj Makes them to taste the love of other than Him-azwj’.[35]

(باب 119 – علة وجوب الحب في الله والبغض فيه والموالاة)

Chapter 119 – Reason for the love for the Sake of Allah-azwj, and the hatred with regards to it, and the friendship to be Made to be Obligatory

حدثنا محمد بن القاسم الاسترابادي قال: حدثنا يوسف بن محمد بن زياد وعلي بن محمد بن يسار عن أبويهما عن الحسن بن على بن محمد بن موسى بن جعفر ابن محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن أبى طالب عن أبيه، عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لبعض أصحابه ذات يوم يا عبد الله احب في الله وابغض في الله ووال في الله وعاد في الله فإنه لا تنال ولاية الله إلا بذلك

Muhammad Bin Al Qasim Al Astarabady narrated to us, from Yusuf Bin Muhammad Bin Ziyad and Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Yasaar, from their two fathers,

(It has been narrated) from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws Ibn Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said:

‘One day Rasool-Allah-saww said to one of his-saww companions: ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! Love for the Sake of Allah-azwj and hate for the Sake of Allah-azwj, and befriend for the Sake of Allah-azwj and be inimical for the Sake of Allah-azwj, for the Wilayah of Allah-azwj cannot be achieved except by that.

ولا يجد رجل طعم الايمان وان كثرت صلاته وصيامه حتى يكون كذلك وقد صارت مواخاة الناس يومكم هذا اكثرها في الدنيا، عليها يتواددون وعليها يتباغضون وذلك لا يغني عنهم من الله شيئا

And a man cannot find (taste) the food of the man (faith) even if he is frequent in his Prayers, and his Fasting, until he becomes like that. Most of the brotherhood that takes place among the people today is for the sake of the world. They are being cordial for the sake of it and being hateful for its sake, and that they would not benefit anything from Allah-azwj’.

فقال له: وكيف لي ان اعلم انى قد واليت وعاديت في الله عز وجل ومن ولى الله تعالى حتى اواليه، ومن عدوه حتى أعاديه فاشارله رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله إلى علي ” ع ” فقال أترى هذا فقال بلى فقال ولى هذا ولى الله فواله وعدو هذا عدوالله فعاده

So he said to him-saww, ‘And how can I know that I have befriended and been inimical for the Sake of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and who is a friend of Allah-azwj the High until I go and befriend him, and who is His-azwj enemy so that I can go and be inimical to him?’ So, Rasool-Allah-saww indicated towards Ali-asws and said, ‘Do you see this one?’ So he said, ‘Yes’. So he-saww said: ‘A friend of his-asws is a friend of Allah-azwj, so befriend him-asws. And an enemy of his-asws is an enemy of Allah-azwj, so be inimical to him’.

ثم قال: وال ولى هذا ولو انه قاتل أبيك وولدك وعاد عدو هذا ولو انه أبوك وولدك.

Then he-saww said: ‘Befriend the friend of his-asws even though he may have killed your father and your son, and be inimical to an enemy of his-asws even though he may be your father and your son’.[36]

(باب 120 – في ان علة محبة أهل البيت ” ع ” طيب الولادة) (وان علة بعضهم خبث الولادة)

Chapter 120 – The reason that the love for the People-asws of the Household is due to the goodness of the birth, and that the reason for hatred for them-asws is due to the evilness of the birth

حدثنا أبى ومحمد بن الحسن رحمهما الله قالا: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن خالد قال: حدثنا أبو القاسم عبد الرحمان الكوفي وابو يوسف يعقوب بن يزيد الانباري عن أبى محمد عبد الله بن محمد الغفاري عن الحسين بن زيد عن الصادق أبى عبد الله جعفر بن محمد عن ابيه عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من أحبنا اهل البيت فليحمد الله على أول النعم قيل وما اول النعم؟ قال: طيب الولادة ولا يحبنا إلا مؤمن طابت ولادته.

My father and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan both said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Abu Al Qasim Abdul Rahman Al Kufy, and Abu Yusuf Yaqoub Bin Yazeed Al Anbary, from Abu Muhammd Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Ghafary, from Al Husayn Bin Zayd,

(It has been narrated) from Al-Sadiq Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who loves us-asws, the People-asws of the Household, so let him Praise Allah-azwj over the first Bounty’. It was said, ‘And what is the first Bounty?’ He-saww said: ‘The good birth; and there would not love us-asws (anyone) except a Believer of good birth’.[37]

حدثنا علي بن احمد بن عبد الله بن احمد بن أبى عبد الله البرقى قال: حدثنا أبى عن احمد بن ابى عبد الله عن محمد بن عيسى عن أبى محمد الانصاري عن غير واحد عن ابن جعفر ” ع ” قال: من أصبح يجد برد حبنا على قلبه فليحمد الله على بادى النعم قيل ومابادي النعم قال طيب المولد.

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy narrated to us, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhamamd Bin Isa, from Abu Muhammad Al Ansary, from someone else,

(Imam) Ibn Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The one who finds the coolness of our-asws love upon his heart in the morning, so let him Praise Allah-azwj over the initial Bounty’. It was said, ‘And what is the initial Bounty?’ He-asws said: ‘The good birth’.[38]

حدثنا الحسين بن إبراهيم بن ناتانة رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه ابراهيم بن هاشم عن محمد بن ابى عمير عن ابى زياد الهندي عن عبيدالله بن صالح عن زيد بن علي، عن أبيه علي بن الحسين عن أبيه الحسين بن علي عن ابيه أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبى طالب عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يا علي من أحبني وأحبك وأحب الائمة من ولدك فليحمد الله على طيب مولده فانه لا يحبنا الا مؤمن طابت ولادته ولا يبغضنا إلامن خبثت ولادته.

Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Natanah narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ziyad Al Hindi, from Ubeydullah Bin Salih,

(It has been narrated) from Zayd son of Ali-asws, from his father, Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his-asws father-asws Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! The one who loves me-saww, and loves you-asws, and loves the Imams-asws from your-asws sons-asws, so let him Praise Allah-azwj over the goodness of his birth, for (no one) would love us except a Believer whose birth has been made to be good, nor would anyone hate us-asws except for the one whose birth is evil’.[39]

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا عمي محمد بن أبى القاسم عن محمد بن علي الكوفي القرشي، عن محمد بن سنان عن المفضل بن عمر عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” أنه قال: من وجد برد حبنا على قلبه فليكثر الدعاء لامه فانها لم تخن أباه.

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy Al Qarshy, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The one who finds the coolness of our-asws love upon his heart, so he should frequent in supplicating for his mother, for she has not betrayed his father’.[40]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار قال حدثني احمد بن الحسين بن سعيد عن علي بن الحكم عن المفضل بن صالح عن جابر الجعفي، عن إبراهيم القرشي قال: كنا عند أم سلمة رضى الله عنها فقالت سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يقول لعلي ” ع ” لا يبغضكم إلا ثلاثة ولد زنا ومنافق ومن حملت به أمه وهى حائض.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Al Mufazzal Bin Salih, from Jabir Al Ju’fy, from Ibrahim Al Qarshy who said,

‘I was in the presence of Umm Salma-as, so she-as said: ‘I-as heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying to Ali-asws: ‘None would hate you-asws except for three – One born of adultery (bastard), a hypocrite, and one who mother became pregnant with him whilst she was menstruating’.[41]

حدثنا الحسن بن محمد بن سعيد الهاشمي قال: حدثنا فرات بن إبراهيم ابن فرات الكوفي قال: حدثنا محمد بن علي بن معمر قال: حدثنا أبو عبد الله احمد ابن علي بن محمد الرملي قال: حدثنا احمد بن موسى قال: حدثنا يعقوب بن اسحاق المروزي قال: حدثنا عمرو بن منصور قال: حدثنا اسماعيل بن أبان، عن يحيى بن ابى كثير عن ابيه عن ابى هارون العبدي، عن جابر بن عبد الله الانصاري قال: كنا بمنى مع رسول الله إذ بصرنا برجل ساجد وراكع ومتضرع فقلنا يا رسول الله ما أحسن صلاته فقال ” ع ” هو الذي اخرج اباكم من الجنة

Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin saeed Al Hashimy narrated to us, from Furat Bin Ibrahim Ibn Furat Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Moamar, from Abdullah Ahmad Ibn Ali Bin Muhammad Al Ramly, from Ahmad Bin Musa, from Yaqoub Bin Is’haq Al Mrouzy, from Amro Bin Mansour, from Ismail Bin Aban, from Yahya Bin Abu Kaseer, from his father, from Abu Haroun Al abady,

(It has been narrated) from Jabir Bin Abdullah Al-Ansary who said, ‘I was at Mina with Rasool-Allah-saww when we saw a man Prostrating, and Bowing, and beseeching (in Prayer). So we said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! How good his Prayer is.’ So he-saww said: ‘He is the one who got your father (Adam-as) exited from the Paradise’.

فمضى إليه علي ” ع ” غير مكترث فهزه هزة ادخل اضلاعه اليمني في اليسري، واليسرى في اليمني، ثم قال: لاقتلنك ان شاء الله فقال: لن تقدر على ذلك إلى أجل معلوم من عند ربي مالك تريد قتلي فوالله ما أبغضك احد إلا سبقت نطفتي إلى رحم امه قبل نطفة ابيه ولقد شاركت مبغضيك في الاموال والاولاد وهو قول الله عز وجل في محكم كتابه (وشاركهم في الاموال والاولاد)

So Ali-asws went over to him without paying any attention to it, so he-asws shook him with such a shaking that his right ribs entered into his left, and the left into his right. Then he-asws said: ‘I-asws shall kill you-asws, if Allah-azwj so Desires it’. So he said, ‘You-asws will never be able to do that until the known term from my Lord-azwj. What is the matter with you-asws that you-asws intend to kill me? By Allah-azwj, no one hates you-asws except that I have preceded my seed into the womb of his mother before the seed of his father and I have participated with the one who hates you-asws in the wealth, and the children of his. And these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic in the Decisive of His-azwj Book [17:64] and share with them in wealth and the children’.

قال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله صدق يا على لا يبغضك من قريش إلا سفاحي، ولا من الانصار إلا يهودي، ولا من العرب إلا دعي، ولا من سائر الناس إلا شقي، ولا من السناء إلا سلقلقية – وهى التي تحيض من دبرها –

The Prophet-saww said: ‘It is true, O Ali-asws! None shall hate you-asws from the Qureysh except for the one born of adultery, nor from the Helpers except for a Jew, nor from the Arabs except for one referred to someone other than his biological father, nor from the rest of the people except for a wretch, nor from the women except for a ‘Salaqiya’ – and she is one who menstruates from her behind.

ثم أطرق مليا ثم رفع رأسه فقال: معاشر الانصار اعرضوا أولادكم على محبة علي فإن أجابوا فهم منكم وان أبوا فليسوا منكم قال جابر بن عبد الله فكنا نعرض حب على ” ع ” على أولادنا فمن أحب عليا علمنا انه من اولادنا ومن ابغض عليا انتفينا منه.

Then Rasool Allah-saww remained silent for a while, then raised his-saww head, so he-saww said: ‘O group of the Helpers! Present the love for Ali-asws to your children. So the one who loves Ali-asws, then know that he is from your children, and the one who hates Ali-asws, be exiled from him’.[42]

حدثنا أبو عبد الله الحسين بن محمد بن علي بن عبد الله بن جعفر بن محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن ابى طالب قال: حدثنا أبو الحسن على بن احمد بن موسى قال: حدثنا احمد بن علي قال: حدثني أبو على الحسن بن إبراهيم بن علي العباسي قال حدثني أبو سعيد عمير بن مرداس الدوانقي قال حدثني جعفر بن بشير المكي قال: حدثنا وكيع عن المسعودي رفعه إلى سلمان الفارسي رحمة الله عليه قال: مر إبليس لعنه الله بنفر يتناولون أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” فوقف امامهم فقال القوم من الذي وقف امامنا؟ فقال أنا أبو مرة

Abu Abdullah Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Abdullah son of Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws narrated to us, from Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Musa, from Ahmad Bin Ali, from Abu Ali Al Hassan Bin Ibrahim Bin Ali Al Abbasy, from Abu Saeed Umer Bin Mardaas Al Dawanaqy, from Ja’far Bin Baheer Al Makky, from Wakie, from Al Masoudy,

(It has been narrated) raising to Salman Al-Farsy-as having said, ‘Iblees-la the Accurse passed by a number of people who were jibing Amir Al-Momineen-asws. So he-la paused in front of them. So the people said, ‘Who is this one pausing in front of us?’ So he-la said: ‘I-la am Abu Mara’.

فقالوا ابا مرة اما تسمع كلامنا فقال سوأة لكم تسبون مولاكم علي بن ابى طالب فقالوا له من أين علمت انه مولانا؟ قال من قول نبيكم صلى الله عليه وآله: من كنت مولاه فعلي مولاه، اللهم وال من والاه، وعاد من عاداه، وانصر من نصره، واخذل من خذله.

So they said, ‘Abu Mara! What makes you to listen to our speech?’ So he-la said: ‘Evil be upon you for insulting your Mawla (Master) Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws!’ So they said to him-la, ‘From where did you know that he-asws is our Mawla? He-la said, ‘From the words of your Prophet-saww: ‘The one whom I-saww am the Master of, so Ali-asws is his Master. O Allah-azwj! Befriend the one who befriends him-asws, and be inimical to the one who is his-asws enemy, and Help the one who helps him-asws, and Abandon the one who abandons him-asws’.

فقالوا له: فانت من مواليه وشيعته؟ فقال: ما أنا من مواليه ولا من شيعته ولكني أحبه، وما يبغضه احد إلا شاركته في المال والولد،

So they said to him-la, ‘So, are you from his-asws friends and his-asws Shiah?’ So he-la said: ‘I-la am neither from his-asws friends nor from his-asws Shiah, but I-la love him-asws, and there is no one who would hate him-asws except that I-la participate in the wealth and the children’.

فقالوا له: يا ابا مرة، فتقول في علي شيئا؟ فقال لهم: إسمعوا مني معاشر الناكثين والقاسطين والمارقين، عبدت الله عزوجل في الجان اثنى عشر الف سنة، فلما اهلك الجان شكوت إلى الله عزوجل الوحدة فعرج بي إلى السماء الدنيا فعبدت الله في السماء الدنيا اثنى عشر الف سنة أخرى في جملة الملائكة

So they said to him-la, ‘O Abu Mara! So are you (going to) say anything regarding Ali-asws?’ So he-la said to them, ‘Listen from me-la, O group of breakers (of the allegiance), and the deceitful, and the renegades! I-la worshipped Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic among the Jinn for twelve thousand years. So when the Jinn perished, I-la complained to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic of the loneliness. So He-azwj Made me-la to ascend to the sky of the world. So I-la worshipped in the sky of the world for another twelve thousand years among the totality of the Angels.

فبينا نحن كذلك نسبح الله تعالى ونقدسه إذ مربنا نور شعشعانى فخرت الملائكة لذلك النور سجدا، فقالوا: سبوح قدوس هذا نور ملك مقرب أو نبي مرسل، فإذا بالنداء من قبل الله تعالى: ما هذا نور ملك مقرب ولا نبي مرسل، هذا نور طينة علي بن أبى طالب.

So whilst we were like that, we were Glorifying Allah-azwj the High and Extolling His-azwj Holiness, when a beam of Light passed by us. So the Angels fell down in Prostration to that Light, and said: ‘Glorious! Holy! This Light is a light of an Angel of Proximity or a Mursil Prophet-saww!’ So, immediately a Call came from Allah-azwj: ‘This is not a Light of an Angel of Proximity, nor a Mursil Prophet-saww. This is a Light of the clay of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.[43] 

حدثنا محمد بن علي بن مهرويه قال: حدثنا أبو الحسن علي بن حسان ابن معيدان الاصفهانى قال: حدثنا أبو حاتم قال: حدثنا احمد بن عبدة قال: حدثنا أبو الربيع الاعرج قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن عمران، عن علي بن زيد بن جدعان، عن سعيد بن المسيب عن زيد بن ثابت قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من احب عليا في حياتي وبعد موتى كتب الله له الامن والايمان ما طلعت الشمس أو غربت ومن أبغضه في حياتي وبعد موتى مات ميتة جاهلية وحوسب بما عمل.

Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahrawiya, from Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Hasaan Ibn Maidaan Al Isfahany, from Abu Haatim, from Ahmad Bin Abdat, from Abu Al Rabie Al Araj, from Abdullah Bin Imran, from Ali Bin Zayd Bin Jad’an, from Saeed Bin Al Musayyab, from Zayd Bin Sabit who said,

‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who loves Ali-asws during my-saww lifetime, and after my-saww passing away, Allah-azwj would Write for him the security (from the Fire), and the faith, (of those upon whom) the sun emerges or sets; and the one who hates him-asws during my-saww lifetime and after my-saww passing away, would die the death of the Pre-Islamic period, and would be Reckoned with what he has done’.[44]

حدثنا علي بن محمد بن الحسن القزويني المعروف بابن مقبرة قال: أخبرنا محمد بن عبد الله بن عامر قال: حدثنا عصام بن يوسف قال حدثنا محمد ابن أيوب الكلابي قال حدثنا عمرو بن سليمان عن عبد الله بن عمران عن علي بن زيد عن سعيد بن المسيب عن زيد بن ثابت قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من أحب عليا في حياته وبعد موته كتب الله عزوجل له الامن والايمان ما طلعت شمس وغربت.

Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Qazwiny well known as Ibn Maqbara narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Asaam Bin Yusuf, from Muhammad Ibn Ayoub Al Kalaby, from Amro Bin Suleyman, from Abdullah Bin Imran, from Ali Bin Zayd, from Saeed Bin Al Musayyab, from Zayd Bin Sabit who said,

‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who loves Ali-asws during his-saww lifetime, and after his-saww death, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Write for him the security (from the Fire), and the faith (of those upon whom) the sun emerges and sets’.[45]

حدثني محمد بن المظفر بن نفيس المصري رحمه الله قال: حدثني أبو اسحاق إبراهيم بن محمد بن احمد بن أخي سياب العطار الكوفي رضى الله عنه بالكوفة قال: حدثنا احمد بن الهذيل أبو العباس الهمداني قال: حدثنا أبو نصر الفتح بن قرة السمرقندي قال: حدثنا محمد بن خلف المروزي قال: حدثنا يوسف بن إبراهيم قال: حدثنا ابن لهيعة عن أبى الزبير، عن جابر قال: قال أبو ايوب الانصاري اعرضوا حب علي على أولادكم، فمن احبه فهو منكم، ومن لم يحبه فاسألوا امه من اين جاءت به، فإنى سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يقول لعلي بن ابى طالب: لا يحبك إلا مؤمن، ولا يبغضك إلا منافق أو ولد زنية أو حملته أمه وهى طامث.

Muhammad Bin Al Muzaffar Bin Mafeys Al Masry narrated to me, from Abu Is’haq Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Akhay Sayaab Al Ataar Al Kufy, at Al Kufa, from Ahmad Bin Al Hazeyl Abu Al Abbas Al Hamdany, from Abu nasr Al Fatah Bin Qarda Al Samarqandy, from Muhammad Bin Khalaf Al Marouzy, from Yusuf Bin Ibrahim, from IBn Lahiya, from Abu Al Zubeyr, from Jabir who said,

‘Abu Ayoub Al-Ansary said, ‘Present the love for Ali-asws to your children. So the one who loves him-asws, so he is from you, and the one who does not love him-asws, so ask his mother, from where did she bring him, from I have heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws: ‘None would love you-asws except for a Believer, and not would hate you-asws except for a hypocrite, or a son of adultery, or his mother became pregnant with him whilst she was menstruating’.[46]

(باب 121 – العلة التى من أجلها ترك الناس عليا عليه السلام) (وعدلوا عنه إلى غيره مع معرفتهم بفضله)

Chapter 121 – The reason due to which the people neglected Ali-asws and turned away from him-asws to someone else, despite of their recognition of his-asws merits

حدثنا أبو احمد الحسن بن عبد الله بن سعيد بن الحسن بن اسماعيل ابن حكيم العسكري قال: اخبرنا أبو إسحاق إبراهيم رعل العبشمي قال حدثنا ثبيت ابن محمد قال: حدثني أبو الاحوص عمن حدثه، عن آبائه، عن ابى محمد الحسن بن علي ” ع ” قال: بينما أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” في أصعب موقف بصفين إذ أقبل عليه رجل من بني دودان، فقال له لم دفعكم قومكم عن هذا الامر وكنتم أفضل الناس علما بالكتاب والسنة؟

Abu Ahmad Al Hassan Bin Abdullah Bin Saeed Bin Al Hassan Bin Ismail Ibn Hakeem Al Askary, from Abu Is’haq Ibrahim Ra’al Ak Abshamy, from Sabeyt Ibn Muhammad, from Abu Al Ahows, from the one who narrated it, from his forefathers,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Muhammad Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘While Amir Al-Momineen-asws was in the middle of a difficult phase of (the battle of) Siffeen, a man from the Clan of Dowdaan came over, so he said to him-asws, ‘Why are the people driving you away from this command, and you are the best of the people in knowledge of the Book (the Quran) and the Sunnah?’

فقال: يا أخا بني دودان ولك حق المسألة وذمام الصهر فإنك قلق الوضين، ترسل في غير سدد، كانت إمرة شحت عليها نفوس قوم، وسخت عنها نفوس آخرين، ولنعم الحكم الله، والزعيم محمد صلى الله عليه وآله.

So he-asws said: ‘O brother of the Clan of Dowdaan! And for you is the right to question, and the brother-in-law (of the Prophet-saww) reins. So the worries are two – you have been sent in a time period in which the hearts have been dried up, and another group’s hearts have hardened. And the best of the Judges is Allah-azwj, and the leader Muhammad-saww.  

(ودع عنك نهيا صيح في حجراته) وهلم الخطب في ابن ابى سفيان. – فقد أضحكني الدهر بعد ابكائه -. ولاغر وإلا جارتي وسؤالها * ألا هل لنا أهل سألت كذلك بئس القوم من خفضني، وحاولوا الادهان في دين الله، فإن ترفع عنا محن البلوى أحملهم من الحق على محضه، وان تكن الاخرى فلا تأس على القوم الفاسقين اليك عني يا أخا بني دودان.

And leave around you, the sins in its lap, and the speeches of the son of Abu Sufyan. So the time would laugh along with me-asws after its weeping. And there is no deserving for me-asws, or a neighbour that I-asws can ask him what you have asked. Such is the case that evil are the people who have cut-off from me-asws, and sweetness was attempted in the Religion of Allah-azwj. So if the afflictions are Raised from us, I-asws would carry them purely upon the truth. And if it happens to be otherwise, so there should not be despair upon the mischievous people, from you to me-asws, O brother of the Clan of Dowdan’.[47]

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن سعيد الكوفي قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن أبيه عن ابى الحسن ” ع ” قال: سألته عن امير المؤمنين ” ع ” كيف مال الناس عنه إلى غيره وقد عرفوا فضله وسابقته ومكانه من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فقال: إنما مالوا عنه إلى غيره لانه كان قد قتل آبائهم واجدادهم واعمامهم واخوالهم وأقربائهم المحاربين لله ولرسوله عددا كثيرا، فكان حقدهم عليه لذلك في قلوبهم فلم يحبوا أن يتولى عليهم، ولم يكن في قلوبهم على غيره مثل ذلك، لانه لم يكن له في الجهاد بين يدي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله مثل ما كان له فلذلك عدلوا عنه ومالوا إلى غيره

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from his father,

(The narrator says) ‘I asked Abu Al Hassan-asws about Amir Al-Momineen-asws, how did the people come to be inclined away from him-asws towards someone else, and they had know his-asws merits, and his-asws precedent, and his-asws status from Rasool-Allah-saww?’ So he-asws said: ‘But rather, they inclined away from him-asws to others because he-asws had killed their fathers, and their grandfathers, and their paternal uncles, and their maternal uncles, and their relatives, in battles for the Sake of Allah-azwj and for His-azwj Rasool-saww, in huge numbers. Thus, it was due to their grudge in their hearts with regards to that. So they did not like it that he-asws should rule over them, and there did not happen in their hearts for someone else, similar to that. This is because no one did Jihaad in front of Rasool-Allah-saww similar to what he-asws did. Therefore, they turned away from him and inclined towards others’.[48]

(باب 122 – العلة التى من أجلها ترك أمير المؤمنين) (مجاهدة أهل الخلاف)

Chapter 122 – The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineen-asws did not fight against his-asws adversaries

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن الهيثم بن ابى مسروق النهدي عن الحسن بن محبوب عن علي بن رئاب، عن زرارة قال: سمعت أبا جعفر عليه السلام يقول: إنما سار علي ” ع ” بالكف عن عدوه من أجل شيعتنا، لانه كان يعلم سيظهر عليهم بعده، فاحب ان يقتدي به من جاء بعده فيسير فيهم بسيرته ويقتدي بالكف عنهم بعده.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Al Haysam Bin Abu Masrouq Al Nahdy, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ali Bin Ra’ib, from Zarara who said,

‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘But rather, Ali-asws restrained his-asws hand from his-asws enemies for the protection of our-asws Shiah, because he-asws knew what would be appearing against them (evil rulers) after him-asws. So he-asws loved it that the ones who would come after him-asws should follow it. Thus he-asws dealt among them (the general population) by his-asws way, so that (the evil rulers) would follow the restraining of the hand from them (Shiah), after him-asws’.[49]

حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسرور رحمه الله قال: حدثنا الحسين بن محمد ابن عامر، عن عمه عبد الله بن عامر عن محمد بن ابى عمير عمن ذكره عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: قلت له ما بال أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” لم يقاتل فلانا وفلانا وفلانا؟ قال لآية في كتاب الله عزوجل: (لو تزيلوا لعذابنا الذين كفروا منهم عذابا اليما) قال قلت وما يعني بتزايلهم؟ قال ودائع مؤمنين في أصلاب قوم كافرين وكذلك القائم ” ع ” لن يظهر ابدا حتى تخرج ودائع الله تعالى فإذا خرجت ظهر على من ظهر من اعداء الله فقتلهم.

Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masroor narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Ibn Aamir, from his uncle Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from the one who mentioned it,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What is the matter that Amir Al-Momineen-asws did not fight against so and so, and so and so, and so and so?’ He-asws said: ‘Due to a Verse in the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [48:25] had they been widely separated one from another, We would surely have Punished those who disbelieved from among them with a painful Punishment’. I said, ‘What is the meaning of being separated from them?’ He-asws said: ‘Deposits of the Believers in the backs of the disbelieving people. And such is the case that Al-Qaim-asws would never appear, ever, until Allah-azwj the High Extracts the deposits. So when these come out, there would appear the ones who would appear, from the enemies of Allah-azwj, so he-asws would kill them’.[50] 

حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسعود، عن أبيه، عن علي بن محمد، عن احمد بن محمد، عن الحسن بن محبوب عن إبراهيم الكرخي قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” أو قال له رجل اصلحك الله الم يكن علي ” ع ” قويا في دين الله عزوجل؟ قال بلى، قال فكيف ظهر عليه القوم وكيف لم يدفعهم وما منعه من ذلك؟

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ibrahim Al Karkhy who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, or a man said to him-asws, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! Did Ali-asws not happen to be stronger in the Religion of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So how come the people overcame him-asws, and how come he-asws did not repulse them, and what is the meaning from that?’

قال آية في كتاب الله عزوجل منعته قال: قلت واي آية؟ قال قوله تعالى: (لو تزيلوا لعذبنا الذين كفروامنهم عذابا اليما) انه كان لله عز وجل ودائع مؤمنين في أصلاب قوم كافرين ومنافقين فلم يكن علي ” ع ” ليقتل الآباء حتى تخرج الودائع فلما خرج الودائع ظهر علي على من ظهر فقاتله وكذلك قائما أهل البيت لن يظهر ابدا حتى تظهر ودائع الله عز وجل فإذا ظهرت ظهر على من ظهر فقتله.

He-asws said: ‘A Verse in the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic prevented him-as’. He said, ‘I said, ‘And which Verse?’ He-asws said: ‘The Words of the High [48:25] had they been widely separated one from another, We would surely have Punished those who disbelieved from among them with a painful Punishment’. For the Sake of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and the deposits of the Believers in the backs of the disbelieving people and the hypocrites. So Ali-asws did not kill the fathers until the deposits come out. So when the deposits came out, Ali-asws appeared upon the one who appeared, so he-asws killed him. And similar to that, Al-Qaim-asws of the People-asws of the Household would never appear, ever, until Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Manifests the deposits. So when they appear, he-asws would appear to the one who appears, so he-asws would kill him’.[51]

حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا جعفر ابن محمد بن مسعود، عن أبيه قال: حدثنا جبرئيل بن احمد قال: حدثني محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد، عن يونس بن عبد الرحمان، عن منصور بن حازم، عن أبي عبد الله ” ع ” قال، في قول الله عزوجل: (لو تزيلوا لعذبنا الذين كفروا منهم عذابا اليما) لو أخرج الله ما في اصلاب المؤمنين من الكافرين وما في أصلاب الكافرين من المؤمنين لعذب الذين كفروا.

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father, from Jibraeel Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Mansour Bin Haazim,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [48:25] had they been widely separated one from another, We would surely have Punished those who disbelieved from among them with a painful Punishment’. He-asws said: ‘If Allah-azwj Brings out whatever is in the backs of the believers from the Infidels, and whatever is in the backs of the Infidels, from the Believers, the ones who disbelieved would be Punished’.[52]

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا أبو سعيد الحسن بن علي العدوي قال: حدثنا الهيثم بن عبد الله الرماني قال: سألت علي بن موسى الرضا عليه السلام فقلت له يابن رسول الله اخبرني عن علي بن أبى طالب لم لم يجاهد اعدائه خمسا وعشرين سنة بعد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ثم جاهد في ايام ولايته؟ فقال لانه اقتدى برسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله في تركه جهاد المشركين بمكة ثلاثة عشرة سنة بعد النبوة، وبالمدينة تسعة عشر شهرا، وذلك لقله أعوانه عليهم وكذلك علي عليه السلام ترك مجاهدة اعدائه لقله اعوانه عليهم،

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abu Saeed Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Adawy, from Al Haysam Bin Abdullah Al Ramany who said,

‘I asked Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws, so I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Inform me about Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, why did he-asws not fight against his-asws enemies for twenty five years after Rasool-Allah-saww, then fought during the days of his-asws rule?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because he-asws had followed Rasool-Allah-saww regarding his-saww neglecting of the Jihad against the Polytheists of Makkah for thirteen years after the Prophet-hood, and at Al-Medina for nineteen months, and that was due to the scarcity of his-saww supporters against them, and similar to that, Ali-asws left the fighting against his-asws enemies due to the scarcity of his-asws supporters against them.

فلما لم تبطل نبوة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله مع تركه الجهاد ثلاثة عشر سنة وتسعة عشر شهرا كذلك لم تبطل إمامة علي عليه السلام مع تركه الجهاد خمسا وعشرين سنة إذ كانت العلة المانعة لهما من الجهاد واحدة.

So when the Prophet-hood of Rasool-Allah-saww did not get invalidated with the staying away of the Jihad for thirteen years, and nineteen months, similar to that the Imamate of Ali-asws did not get invalidated with his-asws staying away of the Jihad for twenty five years, when the reason for the reason for the prevention from the Jihad was one and the same’.[53]

حدثنا احمد بن زياد بن جعفر الهمداني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي ابن إبراهيم، عن ابيه، عن ابن أبى عمير، عن بعض اصحابنا انه سأل أبو عبد الله عليه السلام ما بال أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” لم يقاتلهم؟ قال الذي سبق في علم الله ان يكون وما كان له ان يقاتلهم وليس معه إلا ثلاثة رهط من المؤمنين.

Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al Hamdany narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions,

Abu Abdullah-asws was asked ‘What was the matter that Amir Al-Momineen-asws did not fight against them?’ He-asws said: ‘That which preceded in the Knowledge of Allah-azwj that it would be so that it was not for him-asws that he should be fighting against them, and there were not with him-asws except for three persons from the Believers’.[54]

حدثنا حمزة بن محمد العلوي قال: اخبرنا احمد بن محمد بن سعيد قال: حدثني الفضل بن خباب الجمحي قال: حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم الحمصي قال: حدثني محمد بن احمد بن موسى الطائى، عن ابيه، عن ابن مسعود قال: احتجوا في مسجد الكوفة فقالوا ما بال أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” لم ينازع الثلاثة كما نازع طلحة والزبير وعايشة ومعاوية، فبلغ ذلك عليا ” ع ” فامرأن ينادي بالصلاة جامعة فلما اجتمعوا صعد المنبر فحمد الله واثنى عليه ثم قال: معاشر الناس، انه بلغني عنكم كذا وكذا قالوا صدق أمير المؤمنين قد قلنا ذلك،

Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed, from Al Fazal Bin Khabab Al Jamhy, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Al Hamsy, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Musa Al Ta’aiy, from his father, from Ibn Masoud who said,

‘There was an argument in the Masjid of Al-Kufa, so they said, ‘What was the matter that Amir Al-Momineen-asws did not contest (fight) against the three (Abu Bakr, Umar, and Usman) just as he-asws did against Talha, and Al-Zubeyr, and Ayesha, and Muawiya?’ So that reached Ali-asws, and he-asws ordered a caller to call for the congregational Prayer. So when they gathered, he-asws ascended the Pulpit. So he-asws Praised Allah-azwj and Extolled Him-azwj, then said: ‘Group of the people! It has reached me-asws from you, such and such’. They said, ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws speaks the truth. We have spoken that’.

قال فان لي بسنة الانبياء اسوة فيما فعلت قال الله عز وجل في كتابه: (لقد كان لكم في رسول الله أسوة حسنة) قالوا ومن هم يا أمير المؤمنين؟ قال أولهم إبراهيم ” ع ” إذ قال لقومه: (واعتزلكم وما تدعون من دون الله) فإن قلتم ان إبراهيم اعتزل قومه لغير مكروه أصابه منهم فقد كفرتم وان قلتم اعتزلهم لمكروه رآه منهم فالوصي اعذر.

He-asws said: ‘For me-asws there is the Sunnah of the Prophets-saww as an example with regards to what I-asws do. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says in His-azwj Book [33:21] Certainly you have in the Rasool-Allah an excellent exemplar’. They said, ‘And who are they (Prophets-as), O Amir Al-Momineen-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘Ibrahim-saww when he-as said to his-as people [19:48] And I will withdraw from you and what you call on besides Allah. So if you all are saying that Ibrahim-as withdrew from his-as people without anything abhorrent hitting him-as from them so you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that he-as withdrew from them due to the abhorrence of what he-as saw from them, then the successor-asws (of the Prophet-saww) has more of an excuse for it.

ولي بابن خالته لوط أسوة إذ قال لقومه: لو أن لي بكم قوة أو آوي إلى ركن شديد، فان قلتم ان لوطا كانت له بهم قوة فقد كفرتم، وان قلتم لم يكن له قوة فالوصي اعذر،

And for me-asws is an example in his-as maternal cousin Lut-as when he-as said to his-as people [11:80] Or I shall have recourse to a strong support. So if you were to say that Lot-as had strength over them, you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that there was not strength for him-as, so the successor-asws (of Muhammad-saww has more of a justification for it’.

ولي بيوسف ” ع ” أسوة إذ قال: (رب السجن أحب إلى مما يدعونني إليه) فان قلتم ان يوسف دعا ربه وسأله السجن لسخط ربه فقد كفرتم، وان قلتم انه أراد بذلك لئلا يسخط ربه عليه فاختار السجن فالوصي أعذر،

And for me-asws is an example with Yusuf-as, when he-as said [12:33] He said: Lord! The prison is dearer to me than that to which they are calling me to. So if you are saying that Yusuf-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj and asked Him-azwj for the imprisonment for Anger His-azwj Lord-azwj, you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that what he-as intended by that was perhaps his-as Lord-azwj would be Angered against him-as, so he-as chose the prison, then the successor-asws (of Muhammad-saww) has more of a justification for it’.

ولي بموسى ” ع ” أسوة إذ قال: (ففررت منكم لما خفتكم) فإن قلتم ان موسى فر من قومه بلا خوف كان له منهم فقد كفرتم، وان قلتم ان موسى خاف منهم فالوصي اعذر،

And for me-asws is an example with Musa-as when he-as said [26:21] So I fled from you when I feared you. So if you were to say that Musa-as fled from his-as people without fear for him-as, from them, so you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that Musa-as feared from them, so the successor-asws (of Muhammad-saww) has more of an excuse for it’.

ولي بأخي هارون ” ع ” أسوة إذ قال لاخيه: (يابن أم ان القوم استضعفوني وكادوا يقتلونني) فإن قلتم لم يستضعفوه ولم يشرفوا على قتله فقد كفرتم وان قلتم استضعفوه واشرفوا على قتله فلذلك سكت عنهم فالوصي اعذر.

And for me-asws is an example with Haroun-as when he-as said to his-as brother-as [7:150] He said: Son of my mother! Surely the people reckoned me weak and had well-nigh slain me. So if you were to say that they had not weakened him-as and did not resolve upon killing him-as, so you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that they did weaken him-as, and did resolve upon killing him-as, and so it was due to that, that he-as was silent from them, so the successor-as (of Muhammad-saww) has more of a justification for it’.

ولي بمحمد صلى الله عليه وآله أسوة حين فر من قومه ولحق بالغار من خوفهم وانامني على فراشه، فإن قلتم فر من قومه لغير خوف منهم فقد كفرتم وان قلتم خافهم وانامني على فراشه ولحق هو بالغار من خوفهم فالوصي اعذر.

And for me is an example of Muhammad-saww when he-saww fled from his-saww people, and went to the cave out of fear from them, and made me-asws to sleep upon his-saww bed. So if you were to say that he-saww fled from his-saww people without any fear from them, so you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that he-saww did fear them, and made me-asws to sleep upon his-saww bed, and went to the cave out of fear from them, so the successor-asws (of Muhamamd-saww) has more of a justification for it’.[55]

اخبرني علي بن حاتم قال: حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن موسى النوفلي قال حدثنا محمد بن حماد الشاشي عن الحسين بن راشد، عن علي بن اسماعيل الميثمي قال: حدثني ربعي عن زرارة قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” ما منع أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام ان يدعو الناس إلى نفسه، قال خوفا ان يرتدوا.

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa Al Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Hamaad Al Shashy, from Al Husayn Bin Rashid, from Ali Bin Ismail Al Maysami, from Rabi’e, from Zarara who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What prevented Amir Al-Momineen-asws from calling the people to himself-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘Fear that they (all who refused) would become apostates’.

قال علي بن حاتم واحسب في الحديث ولا يشهدوا أن محمدا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم.

Ali Bin Hatim (the narrator) said, ‘And I reckon that, in the Hadeeth was, ‘And they would not testify that Muhammad-saww is Rasool-Allah-saww’.[56]

وعنه قال: حدثنا أبو العباس محمد بن جعفر الرازي قال: حدثنا محمد ابن الحسين بن أبى الخطاب، عن محمد بن اسماعيل بن بزيغ عن يونس بن عبد الرحمان عن بكاربن ابى بكر الحضرمي قال: سمعت ابا عبد الله ” ع ” يقول، لسيرة علي ابن ابى طالب في أهل البصرة كانت خيرا لشيعته مما طلعت عليه الشمس انه علم ان للقوم دولة فلو سباهم سبيت شيعته،

And from him who said, ‘Abu Al Abbas Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Raazy narrated to us, from Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khataab, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Bazi’e, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Bakarban Abu Bakr Al Hazramy who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The way of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws with regards to the people of Al-Basra was better for his-asws Shiah from what the sun emerges upon. For the people were a government, and had he-asws insulted them, they would have insulted his-asws Shiah’.

قال: قلت فاخبرني عن القائم ” ع ” يسير بسيرته قال: لا، ان عليا ” ع ” سار فيهم بالمن لما علم من دولتهم ان القائم يسير فيهم بخلاف تلك السيرة لانه لا دولة لهم.

(The narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘So inform me about Al-Qaim-asws. Would he-asws be walking upon his-asws way?’ He-asws said: ‘No. Ali-asws dealt with them with the favours for he-asws knew that they would be in government. Al-Qaim-asws would deal with them opposite to that way, because there would not be any government for them (Power to harm the Shiah)’.[57]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا احمد بن محمد ابن عيسى، عن العباس بن معروف، عن حماد بن عيسى، عن حريز، عن بريد بن معاوية، عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” قال: ان عليا ” ع ” لم يمنعه من ان يدعو الناس إلى نفسه إلا انهم ان يكونوا ضلالا لا يرجعون عن الاسلام أحب إليه من ان يدعوهم فيأبوا عليه فيصيرون كفارا كلهم.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Isa, from Al Abbas Bin marouf, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Bureyd Bin Muawiya,

Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘Nothing prevented Ali-asws from calling the people to himself-asws except that they would have ended up straying from Al-Islam and not returning. It was more beloved to him-asws than calling them, so they would refuse him-asws, thus they would have become Infidels, all of them’.

قال حريز وحدثني زرارة عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” قال: لو لا ان عليا عليه السلام سار في أهل حربه بالكف عن السبي والغنيمة للقيت شيعته من الناس بلاء عظيما،

Hareyz said, ‘And Zarara narrated to me,

Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘If Ali-asws had not dealt with the people of his-asws battles with the restraint from the captivating them, and the war booty, his-asws Shiah would have faced a grievous affliction from the people’.

ثم قال: والله لسيرته كانت خيرا لكم مما طلعت عليه الشمس.

Then he-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! His-asws way was better for them (Shiah) than what the sun emerges upon’.[58]

حدثنا احمد بن الحسين، عن ابيه، عن محمد بن أبى الصهبان، عن محمد ابن ابى عمير، عن بعض أصحابنا قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” لم كف علي ” ع ” عن القوم؟ قال: مخافة ان يرجعوا كفارا.

Ahmad Bin Al Husayn narrated to us, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Sahban, from Muhammad Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Why did Ali-asws restrain himself-asws from the people?’ He-asws said: ‘Out of fear that they would be turning to be Infidels’.[59]

حدثنا محمد بن على ماجيلويه، عن عمه محمد بن ابى القاسم، عن احمد ابن أبى عبد الله البرقى، عن ابيه عن ابن ابى عمير، عن ابان بن عثمان، عن أبان ابن تغلب عن عكرمة، عن ابن عباس قال: ذكرت الخلافة عند أمير المؤمنين علي ابن ابى طالب ” ع ” فقال: أما والله لقد تقمصها ابن ابى قحافة أخوتيم وانه ليعلم ان محلي منها محل القطب من الرحى

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Ibn Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Aban Bin Usman, from Aban Ibn Taghlub, from Akrama, from Ibn Abbas who said,

‘The Caliphate was mentioned in the presence of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, so he-asws said: ‘But, by Allah-azwj! The son of Abu Qohafa (Abu Bakr) brother of Taym, wore it like a shirt, and he knew full well of my-asws place from it being like what the pole is from the millstone.

ينحدر عني السيل ولا يرقى الي الطير فسدلت دونها ثوبا وطويت عنها كشحها، وطفقت ارتأى بين ان أصول بيد جذاء أو أصبر على طخية عمياء، يشيب فيها الصغير، ويهرم فيها الكبير، ويكدح فيها مؤمن حتى يلقى ربه،

The torrent (of knowledge and wisdom) would have flowed down from me-asws, and the birds could not have ascended up to me-asws (to the levels I would have taken it). So I-asws dropped a garment over it and folded away from it, and considered whether I-asws should work with hands cut-off, or observe patience upon the blinding darkness, in which the young would be grey-haired, and the older ones would be feeble, and in which a Believer would toil until he meets his Lord-azwj.

فرأيت ان الصبر على هاتا احجى، فصبرت وفي العين قذى، وفي الحلق شجى، أرى تراثي نهبا، حتى إذا مضى لسبيله فادلى بها لاخي عدي بعده، فيا عجبا بينا هو يستقيلها في حياته إذ عقدها لآخر بعد وفاته

So I-asws viewed that the patience over here would be better. So I-asws was patient, and in the eye was a speck, and in the throat was a bone (stuck). I-asws saw my-asws inheritance being looted, until he (Abu Bakr) went on his way, so he turned it to a brother of (the Clan of) Udayy (Umar) after him. How strange was his (Abu Bakr’s) wishing to be released from it during his lifetime, when he ended up contracting it to another one after his own death.

فصيرها في حوزة خشناء يخشن مسها ويغلظ كلمها، ويكثر العثار فيها والاعتذار منها فصاحبها كراكب الصعبة ان عنف بها حرن وان اسلس بها غسق، فمنى الناس بتلون واعتراض وبلوا، وهو مع هن وهن،

So it (Caliphate) came to be seized in such a way that it was painful to touch it and tough to speak of it. And he (Umar) frequently kept making excuses from it. So its owner was like the one riding the stubborn camel, that if you are strict with it, it would split its nostril, and if you let it loose, it strays into the darkness. Thus, the people became indulged in objections over immaterial matters.

فصبرت على طول المدة وشدة المحنة حتى إذا مضى لسبيله جعلها في جماعة زعم انى منهم، فيا لله وللشورى متى اعترض الريب في مع الاول منهم، حتى صرت أقرن إلى هذه النظاير، فمال رجل لضغنه واصغى آخر لصهره، وقام ثالث القوم نافجا حضنيه بين نثيله ومعتلفه، وقام معه بنو أبيه يخضمون مال الله خضم الابل نبت الربيع، حتى اجهز عليه، عمله، وكبت به مطيته،

So I-asws observed patience over a lengthy period and the severity of the ordeal until when his (Umar’s) way passed, so he made it to be in a group, claiming that I was from them. So it is for Allah-azwj (to Deal with) and the consultative council. Where was the doubt with regards to me-asws with the first from them, until I-asws came to be paired to these ones. So a man inclined towards being venomous, and the other inclined to his brother in law, and a third stood up having his breasts in between his dung and the fodder. So the sons of his father (Umayya) arose swallowing up Allah-azwj’s wealth like the swallowing of a camel of the spring vegetation, to the extent that it (devouring) finished him off, and his gluttony felled him down.

فما راعني إلا والناس إلي كعرف الضبع قد انثالوا علي من كل جانب حتى لقد وطئ الحسنان، وشق عطفاي، حتى إذا نهضت بالامر نكثت طائفة وفسقت اخرى، ومرق آخرون كأنهم لم يسمعوا الله تبارك وتعالى يقول: (تلك الدار الآخرة نجعلها للذين لا يريدون علوا في الارض ولا فسادا والعاقبة للمتقين) بلى والله لقد سمعوها ووعوها لكنهم احلولت الدنيا في اعينهم، وراقهم زبرجها

So what appalled me-asws was that the people rushing to me-asws like a pack of hyenas, and they had flocked to me from every side, to the extent that Al-Hassanaan-asws (Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws) were trampled, and (the garment) on my-asws two shoulders was torn. Until I-asws took the command, so a group reneged, and another was disobedient, and another became such that as if they had never heard Allah-azwj Blessed and High Saying [28:83] That House of the Hereafter, We Assign it to those who have no desire to exalt themselves in the earth nor to make mischief and the good end is for the pious. Yes, by Allah-azwj! They had heard it, and understood it, but the world became sweet in their eyes, and its embellishments seduced them.

أما والذي فلق الحبة وبرأ النسمة لولا حضور الحاضر وقيام الحجة بوجود الناصر وما أخذ الله على العلماء ألا يقروا على كظة ظالم، ولا سغب مظلوم، لالقيت حبلها على غاربها ولسقيت آخرها بكأس أولها ولالفيتم دنياكم هذه عندي أزهد من عفطة عنز.

But, by the One-azwj Who Split the seed and Began the life! Had the gatherers not gathered and established the argument of finding of the supporters, and had Allah-azwj not Taken a Pledge upon the knowledgeable ones-asws that they-asws would neither acquiesce to the gluttony of the unjust, nor the starvation of the oppressed, I-asws would have thrown its (Caliphate’s) rope upon its own shoulders and would have made the last of them drink the cup of its first one, and you would have seen that this world is more renounced in my-asws presence than the sneeze of a goat’.

قال: وناوله رجل من أهل السواد كتابا فقطع كلامه وتناول الكتاب، فقلت يا أمير المؤمنين لو أطردت مقالتك إلى حيث بلغت، فقال: هيهات هيهات يابن عباس، تلك شقشقة هدرت ثم قرت.

He (Ibn Abbas) said, ‘And a man from the black people grabbed a paper, so he-asws cut-off his-asws speech and seized the paper. So I said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! If only you-asws would return to your-asws speech to where it has reached’. So he-asws said: ‘Far be it! Far be it! O Ibn Abbas, that was the foam (from the mouth) of a camel which flowed down, then it subsided’.

قال ابن عباس: فما أسفت على كلام قط كأسفي على كلام أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام إذ لم يبلغ به حيث أراد.

Ibn Abbas said, ‘So I had never regretted upon a speech at all like I regretted upon this speech of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, when he-asws did not preach with it where he-asws had intended to’.[60]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن يعقوب بن يزيد، عن حماد بن عيسى عن ربعي عن فضيل بن يسار قال: قلت لابي جعفر أو لابي عبد الله عليهما السلام حين قبض رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لمن كان الامر بعده؟ فقال لنا أهل البيت قلت: فكيف صارفي غيركم؟ قال انك قد سألت فافهم الجواب ان الله تبارك وتعالى لما علم انه يفسد في الارض وتنكح الفروج الحرام ويحكم بغير ما انزل الله تبارك وتعالى اراد ان يلي ذلك غيرنا.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al saffar, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Rabie, from Fazeyl Bin Yasaar who said,

‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws or to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, for who was the command after him-saww?’ So he-asws said: ‘For us-asws, the People-asws of the Household’. I said, ‘So how did it come to be in the others?’ He-asws said: ‘You have asked, so understand the answer. When Allah-azwj Knew that there would be a mischief in the earth, and the forbidden marriages would take place, and there would be judgements with other than what Allah-azwj Blessed and High has Revealed, He-azwj Intended that others should be doing that’.[61]

(باب 123 – العلة التى من أجلها قاتل أمير المؤمنين ” ع “) (أهل البصرة وترك أموالهم)

Chapter 123 – The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineen-asws fought the people of Al-Basra but left their wealth alone

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن علي بن الحكم، عن الربيع بن محمد، عن عبد الله ابن سليمان قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ان الناس يروون ان عليا ” ع ” قتل أهل البصرة وترك أموالهم، فقال: ان دار الشرك يحل ما فيها، ودار الاسلام لا يحل ما فيها

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Rabie Bin Muhammad, from Abdullah Ibn Suleyman who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah, ‘The people are reporting that Ali-asws fought the people of Al-Basra but left alone their wealth’. So he-asws said: ‘In the house of the Polytheism (Mushriqeen), whatever is therein, is Permissible, and the house of Al-Islam, whatever is therein, is not Permissible’.

فقال: ان عليا ” ع ” إنما من عليهم كما من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله على أهل مكة وإنما ترك علي ” ع ” أموالهم لانه كان يعلم انه سيكون له شيعة وان دولة الباطل ستظهر عليهم فاراد ان يقتدى به في شيعته وقد رأيتم آثار ذلك هو ذا يسار في الناس بسيرة علي عليه السلام ولو قتل علي ” ع ” أهل البصرة جميعا واخذ اموالهم لكان ذلك له حلالا لكنه من عليهم ليمن على شيعته من بعده.

He-asws said: ‘But rather, Ali-asws did a favour upon them, just as Rasool-Allah-saww had done upon the people of Makkah. So, Ali-asws left alone their wealth because he-asws knew that there would be Shiah for him-asws (in the future) and that the government of the Falsehood would be overcoming them. Therefore, he-asws intended that this (policy) should be followed with regards to his-asws Shiah. And you have seen the effects of that that this policy of Ali-asws flowed among the people. And, had Ali-asws killed the people of Al-Basra altogether, and seized their wealth, and that was Permissible unto him-asws, but he-asws favoured upon them, so that his-asws Shiah would be favoured upon from (the rulers to come) after him-asws’.[62]

وقد روي ان الناس اجتمعوا إلى أمير المؤمنين يوم البصرة فقالوا: يا أمير المؤمنين أقسم بيننا غنايمهم؟ قال: أيكم يأخذ أم المؤمنين في سهمه؟.

And it has been reported that the people gathered to Amir Al Momineen -asws on the day of Al Basra, so they said,

(The narrator says it was asked, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Would you-asws be dividing their wealth as war booty in between us?’ He-asws said: ‘Which ones of you would take ‘The mother of the Believers’ (Ayesha) in his share?’[63]

(باب 124 – العلة التى من أجلها ترك أمير المؤمنين فدك لما ولى الناس)

Chapter 124 – The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineen-asws left Fidak when he-asws ruled the people

حدثنا علي بن احمد بن محمد الدقاق قال: حدثني محمد بن أبي عبد الله الكوفي عن موسى بن عمران النخعي عن عمه الحسين بن يزيد النوفلي، عن علي بن سالم عن ابيه، عن ابى بصير عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: قلت له لم لم يأخذ أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” فدك لما ولى الناس ولاي علة تركها؟ فقال: لان الظالم والمظلوم كانا قدما على الله عزوجل، وأثاب الله المظلوم، وعاقب الظالم. فكره ان يسترجع شيئا قد عاقب الله عليه غاصبه وأثاب عليه المغصوب.

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad al Daqaq narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Musa Bin Imran Al Nakhai’e, from his uncle Al Husayn Bin Yazeed Al Nowfaly, from Ali Bin Saalim, from his father, from Abu Baseer,

(The narrator) says ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Why did Amir Al-Momineen-asws not seize Fadak when he-asws ruled the people, and what is the reason for leaving it?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because the oppressor and the oppressed would be preceding to Allah-azwj Might and Majestic, and Allah-azwj would Reward the oppressed, and Punish the oppressor. Therefore, he-asws disliked that he-asws should retrieve something and Allah-azwj would be Punishing its usurper over it, and Rewarding the usurped over it’.[64]

حدثنا احمد بن علي بن إبراهيم بن هاشم رحمه الله قال حدثنا أبى، عن ابيه إبراهيم بن هاشم، عن محمد بن ابى عمير، عن إبراهيم الكرخي قال: سألت ابا عبد الله ” ع ” فقلت له لاي علة ترك علي بن ابى طالب ” ع ” فدك لما ولى الناس فقال: للاقتداء برسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لما فتح مكة وقد باع عقيل بن ابى طالب داره فقيل له يارسول الله ألا ترجع إلى دارك؟ فقال صلى الله عليه وآله وهل ترك عقيل لنا دارا إنا أهل بيت لا نسترجع شيئا يؤخذ منا ظلما. فلذلك لم يسترجع فدك لما ولى.

Ahmad Bin Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim narrated to us, from his father, from his father Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Ibrahim Al Karkhy who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, so I said to him-asws, ‘For which reason did Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws leave Fadak when he-asws ruled the people?’ He-asws said: ‘For (the sake of) following Rasool-Allah-saww, when he-saww conquered Makkah, and Aqeel son of Abu Talib-as had sold his-saww house. So it was said to him-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Will you-saww not go to your-saww house?’ So he-saww said: ‘And has Aqeel left a house for us-saww? We-asws, the People-asws of the Household, do not retrieve anything which has been seized from us-asws unjustly’. Thus, it was due to that, he (Ali-asws) did not retrieve Fadak when he-asws ruled’.[65]

حدثنا احمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا احمد بن سعيد الهمداني قال حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن ابيه عن ابى الحسن ” ع قال: سألته عن أمير المؤمنين لم لم يسترجع فدكا لما ولى الناس؟ فقال: لانا أهل بيت لا نأخذ حقوقنا ممن ظلمنا الا هو ونحن أولياء المؤمنين إنما نحكم لهم ونأخذ حقوقهم ممن ظلمهم ولا نأخذ لانفسنا.

Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qatan narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Saeed Al hamdany, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazal, from his father,

(The narrator says) ‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about Amir Al-Momineen-asws. Why did he-asws not retrieve Fadak when he-asws ruled the people?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because we-asws, the People-asws of the Household, do not seize our-asws rights from the ones who oppress us-asws, as he (Amir Al-Momineen-asws) and us-asws are the Guardians of the Believers. But rather, we-asws pass judgement for them and we-asws take their right from the ones who oppress them, but we do not take for ourselves-asws’.[66]

(باب 125 – العلة التى من أجلها كنى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله أمير المؤمنين) (على بن أبى طالب: أبا تراب)

Chapter 125 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-azwj teknonymed Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws as ‘Abu Turaab’ (Father of the earth)

لكني اعتمد في ذلك على ما حدثني به احمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا أبو العباس احمد بن يحيى بن زكريا قال: حدثنا بكر بن عبد الله بن حبيب قال: حدثنا تميم بن بهلول، عن ابيه قال: حدثنا أبو الحسن العبدي، عن سليمان بن مهران عن عباية ابن ربعي قال: قلت لعبدالله بن عباس، لم كنى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله عليا عليه السلام أبا تراب؟ قال لانه صاحب الارض وحجة الله على أهلها بعده وبه بقاؤها واليه سكونها ولقد سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يقول: انه إذا كان يوم القيامة ورأى الكافر ما أعد الله تبارك وتعالى لشيعة علي من الثواب والزلفى والكرامة قال يا ليتني كنت ترابا – يعني من شيعة علي – وذلك قول الله عزوجل: (ويقول الكافر ياليتني كنت ترابا).

But, what is reliable with regards to that, is what was narrated to me by – Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan Al-Qataan, from Abu Al-Abbas Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Zakariya, from Bakr Bin Abdullah Bin Habeeb, from Tameem Bin Bahloul, from his father, from Abu Al-Hassan Al-Abdy, from Suleyman Bin Mahran, from Abaya Bin Rabi’e who said:

‘I said to Abdullah Bin Ibn Abbas, ‘Why did Rasool-Allah-saww teknonym Ali-asws as ‘Abu Turaab’?’ He said, ‘Because he-asws is the Master of the earth, and Proof of Allah-azwj over its people after him-saww, and its tranquillity is due to him-asws. And I heard the Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘When it will be the Day of Judgement, and the Infidel would see what Allah-azwj has Prepared for the Shiah of Ali-asws, from the Rewards and the Nearness, and the Prestige, he would say O! I wish I were dust! i.e., from the Shiah of Ali-asws and that is in the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [78:40] and the unbeliever shall say: O! I wish I were dust!’.[67]

حدثني الحسين بن يحيى بن ضريس، عن معاوية بن صالح بن ضريس البجلي قال: حدثنا أبو عوانة قال: حدثنا محمد بن يزيد وهشام الزراعي قال: حدثني عبد الله بن ميمون الطهوي قال: حدثنا ليث، عن مجاهد، عن ابن عمر قال بينا أنا مع النبي صلى الله عليه وآله في نخيل المدينة وهو يطلب عليا عليه السلام إذا إنتهى إلى حايط فاطلع فيه فنظر إلى علي ” ع ” وهو يعمل في الارض وقد اغبار، فقال ما ألوم الناس إن يكنوك أبا تراب،

Al Husayn Bin Yahya Bin Zareys narrated to me, from Muawiya Bin Salih Bin Zareys Al Bajaly, from Abu Awana, from Muhammad Bin Yazeed and Hashim Al Zarai’e, from Abdullah  Bin Maymoun Al Tahouwi, from Lays, from Mujahid, from Ibn Umar who said,

‘While I was with the Prophet-saww among the palm trees of Al-Medina, and he-asws was looking for Ali-asws, when he-saww ended up to a garden. So he-saww noticed Ali-asws therein working on the ground, and he-asws was covered in dust. So he-saww said: ‘What blame would people place upon me-saww if I-saww were to teknonym you-asws as ‘Abu Turaab’’.

فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله ألا ارضيك يا على قال: نعم يارسول الله فاخذ بيده فقال: أنت اخى ووزيري وخليفتي في أهلي تقضى ديني وتبرئ ذمتي، من احبك في حياة مني فقد قضى له بالجنة، ومن احبك في حياة منك بعدى ختم الله له بالامن، والايمان، ومن احبك بعدك ولم يرك ختم الله له بالامن والايمان وآمنه يوم الفزع الاكبر، ومن مات وهو يبغضك يا علي مات ميتة جاهلية يحاسبه الله عز وجل بما عمل في الاسلام.

. So the Prophet-saww said: ‘Shall I-asws please you-asws, O Ali-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww’. So he-saww grabbed him-asws by his-asws hand and said: ‘You-asws are my-saww brother, and my-saww Vizier, and my-saww Caliph among my-saww family. You-asws will fulfill my-saww debts, and my-saww responsibilities. The one who loves you-asws during my-saww lifetime, I-saww shall judge the Paradise for him, and the one who loves you-asws after my-saww lifetime, Allah-azwj would Seal the security, and the faith for him. And the one who loves you-asws after you-asws, and he-asws has not seen you-asws, Allah-azwj would Seal the security and the faith for him, and Give him security on the Day of the great terror. And the one who dies and he has hated you-asws, O Ali-asws, died the death of the Pre-Islamic period. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would only Reckon the one with what he had done during Al-Islam’.[68]

(باب 126 – العلة التى من أجلها كان أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام) (يتختم بأربعة خواتيم)

Chapter 126 – The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineen-asws used to wear four rings

حدثنا أبو سعيد محمد بن الفضل بن محمد بن اسحاق المذكر المعروف بابى سعيد المعلم النيسابوري بنيسابور قال: اخبرنا أبو جعفر محمد بن احمد بن سعيد قال: حدثنا أبو عبد الله محمد بن مسلم بن زرارة الرازي قال: حدثنا محمد بن يوسف الفريابى قال: حدثنا سفيان الثوري، عن اسماعيل السندي، عن عبد خير قال: كان لعلى بن ابى طالب أربعة خواتيم يتختم بها ياقوت لنبله، وفيروزج لنصره والحديد الصيني لقوته، وعقيق لحرزه. وكان نقش الياقوت: لا إله إلا الله الملك الحق المبين، ونقش الفيروزج: الله الملك الحق المبين، ونقش الحديد الصيني: العزة لله جميعا، ونقش العقيق ثلاثة أسطر: ما شاء الله لاقوة إلا بالله استغفر الله.

Abu Saeed Muhammad Bin Al Fazal  Bin Muhammad Bin Is’haq Al Mazkar well known as Abu Saeed Al Ma’lam Al Neysabouri narrated to us at Neysabour, from Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Saeed, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Muslim Bin Zarara Al Razy, from Muhammad Bin Yusuf Al Faryabi, from Sufyan Al Sowry, from Ismail Al Sindy, from Abd Khayr who said,

‘Ali-asws had four rings which he-asws used to wear – Sapphire for his-asws nobility, and Turquoise for his-asws victory, and the Chinese Iron for his-asws strength, and Garnet for his-asws protection. And it was engraved upon the Sapphire: ‘There is no god except for Allah-azwj, the King, the Evident Truth’; and it was engraved upon the Turquoise: ‘Allah-azwj, the King, the Evident Truth’; and it was engraved upon the Chinese Iron: ‘All Honour is for Allah-azwj’; and three lines were engraved upon the Garnet: ‘Whatever Allah-azwj so Desires, There is no Strength except by Allah-azwj, I seek Forgiveness of Allah-azwj’.[69]

(باب 127 – علة تختم أمير المؤمنين صلوات الله عليه في يمينه)

Chapter 127 – Reason for Amir Al-Momineen-asws wearing his-asws ring in his-asws right hand

حدثنا عبد الواحد بن محمد بن عبدوس العطار النيسابوري رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن محمد بن قتيبة النيسابوري قال: حدثنا الفضل بن شاذان عن محمد بن أبى عمير قال: قلت لابي الحسن موسى عليه السلام اخبرني عن تختم أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” بيمينه لاي شئ كان؟ فقال: إنما كان يتختم بيمينه لانه إمام أصحاب اليمين بعد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وقد مدح الله تعالى أصحاب اليمين وذم أصحاب الشمال، وقد كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يتختم بيمينه وهو علامة لشيعتنا يعرفون به وبالمحافظة على أوقات الصلاة وإيتاء الزكاة، ومواساة الاخوان، والامر بالمعروف والنهى عن المنكر.

Abdul Wahid Bin Muhammad Bin Abdous Al Ataar Al neysabouri narrated to us, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Quteyba Al Neysabouri, from Al Fazal Bin Shazaan, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr who said,

‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws, ‘Inform me about the rings of Amir Al-Momineen-asws being in his-asws right hand, for which reason was it?’ So he-asws said: ‘But rather he-asws wore the rings in his-asws right hand, because he-asws is the Imam-asws of the Companions of the right hand, after Rasool-Allah-saww, and Allah-azwj has Praised the Companions of the right hand, and has Condemned the companions of the left hand. And Rasool-Allah-saww used to wear rings in his-saww right hand, and it is a sign for our-asws Shiah to be recognised by, and by the preservation of the timings of the Prayer, and the giving of the Zakat, and equalisation with the brethren, and the enjoining of the good, and the forbidding of the evil’.[70]

حدثنا عبد الله بن محمد بن عبد الوهاب القرشي قال: حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم القايني قال: حدثنا أبو قريش قال: حدثنا عبد الجبار ومحمد بن منصور الخزاز قالا: حدثنا عبد الله بن ميمون القداح، عن جعفر بن محمد، عن أبيه ” ع ” عن جابر بن عبد الله: ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله كان يتختم بيمينه.

Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahab Al Qarshy narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Al Qainy, from Abu Qureysh, from Abdul Jabbar and Muhammad Bin Mansour Al Khazaz, from Abdullah Bin Maymoun Al Qadah,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Jabir Bin Abdullah having said, ‘The Prophet-saww used to wear rings in his-saww right hand’.[71]

حدثنا عبد الله بن محمد بن عبد الوهاب القرشى قال: حدثنا منصور بن عبد الله بن إبراهيم الاصفهانى قال: حدثنا علي بن عبد الله الاسكندرانى قال: حدثنا عباس بن العباس القانعي قال: حدثنا سعيد الكندي عن عبد الله بن حازم الخزاعي، عن إبراهيم بن موسى الجهني، عن سلمان الفارسي قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لعلي ” ع ” يا علي تختم باليمين تكن من المقربين قال: يارسول الله وما المقربون؟ قال جبرئيل وميكائيل قال: بما أتختم يارسول الله؟ قال بالعقيق الاحمر فإنه أقر لله عز وجل بالوحدانية ولي بالنبوة ولك يا علي بالوصية ولولدك بالامامة ولمحبيك بالجنة، ولشيعة ولدك بالفردوس

Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahab Al Qarshy, from Mansour Bin Abdullah Bin Ibrahim Al Isfahany, from Ali Bin Abdullah Al Askandarany, from Abbas Bin Al Abbas Al Qani’e, from Saeed Al Kindy, from Abdullah Bin Hazim Al Khazai’e, from Ibrahim Bin Musa Al Jahny,

(It has been narrated) from Salman Al-Farsy-as having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Wear the rings in your-asws right hand to become one of the Proximity ones’. He-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And who are the Proximity ones?’ He-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as and Mikaeel-as’. He-asws said: ‘With what (type of ring) shall I-asws wear, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘With the red Sapphire, for it accepted for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, with the Oneness, and (accepted) me-saww with the Prophet-hood, and for you-asws, O Ali-asws, with the successorship, and for your-asws sons-asws with the Imamate, and for those that love you-asws with the Paradise, and for the Shiah of your-asws sons-asws with the Firdows’.[72]

 (باب 128 – علة الصلع في رأس أمير المؤمنين ” ع “، والعلة التى) (من أجلها سمى الانزع البطين)

Chapter 128 – Reason for the Higher Hairline of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and the reason due to which he-asws was called ‘Al-Anza’a Al Bateen’

حدثنا أبى ومحمد بن الحسن رضى الله عنهما قالا: حدثنا احمد بن إدريس ومحمد بن يحيى العطار جميعا عن محمد بن احمد بن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري باسناد متصل لم احفظه، ان أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” قال: إذ أراد الله بعبد خيرا رماه بالصلع فتحات الشعر عن رأسه وها أنا ذا.

My father and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Idrees and Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar together, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Imran Al Ash’ary, by an unbroken chain which I did not memorise,

(It has been narrated) from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘If Allah-azwj Intends good with a servant, Casts him with the higher headline in openings of the hair from his head, and see, I-asws am like that’.[73]

حدثنا احمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا احمد بن يحيى بن زكريا القطان قال: حدثنا بكر بن عبد الله بن حبيب عن تميم بن بهلول عن عباية بن ربعي قال: جاء رجل إلى ابن عباس فقال له: اخبرني عن الانزع البطين علي بن أبى طالب فقد اختلف الناس فيه؟ فقال له ابن عباس: أيها الرجل والله لقد سألت عن رجل ما وطئ الحصى بعد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله أفضل منه وانه لاخو رسول الله وابن عمه ووصيه وخليفته على أمته وانه الانزع من الشرك، بطين من العلم، ولقد سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يقول: من أراد النجاة غدا فليأخذ بحجزة هذا الانزع يعني عليا عليه السلام.

Ahmad Al Hassan Al Qatan narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Zakariyya Al Qataan, from Bakr Bin Abdullah Bin Habeeb, from Tameem Bin Bahloul, from Abaya Bin Rabie who said,

‘A man went to Ibn Abbad, so he said to him, ‘Inform me about the ‘Al Anza’a Al Bateen’ Ali -asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, for the people are differing with regards to it?’ So Ibn Abbas said to him, ‘O you man! By Allah-azwj, you have asked me about a man, none has trodden the gravel after Rasool-Allah-saww more meritorious than him-asws, for he-asws is a brother of Rasool-Allah-saww, and a son of his-asws uncle-as, and his-saww successor-asws, and his-saww Caliph over his-saww community, and he-asws is removed from the Polytheism, full up from the knowledge. And I have heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Whoever wants the salvation tomorrow, so let him hold on to a part of this ‘Al Anza’a’, meaning Ali-asws’.[74] 

(باب 129 – العلة التى من أجلها سمى علي بن أبى طالب أمير المؤمنين) (والعلة التى من أجلها سمى سيفه: ذاالفقار، والعلة التى من أجلها) (سمى القائم قائما، والمهدى مهديا)

Chapter 129 – The reason due to which Ali -asws Bin Abu Talib-asws was named as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, and the reason due to which his-asws sword was named as ‘Zulfiqar’, and the reason due to which Al-Qaim-asws has been named as ‘Qaim’, and Al-Mahdi-asws as ‘Mahdi’

حدثنا على بن احمد بن محمد الدقاق ومحمد بن محمد بن عصام رضى الله عنهما قالا: حدثنا محمد بن يعقوب الكليني قال: حدثنا القاسم بن العلا قال حدثنا اسماعيل الفزاري قال: حدثنا محمد بن جمهور العمى، عن ابن ابى نجران عمن ذكره عن أبى حمزة ثابت بن دينار الثمالي قال: سألت ابا جعفر محمد بن علي الباقر ” ع ” يابن رسول الله لم سمي علي عليه السلام أمير المؤمنين وهو إسم ما سمي به احد قبله ولا يحل لاحد بعده؟ قال: لانه ميرة العلم يمتار منه ولا يمتار من احد غيره،

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Daqaq and Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Asaam both narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub Al Kulayni, from Al Qasim Bin Al A’ala, from Ismail Al Fazary, from Muhammad Bin Jamhour Al A’ama, from Ibn Abu Najran, from the one who mentioned, from Abu Hamza Sabit Bin Dinaar Al Sumaly who said,

‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Why was Ali-asws named as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, and it is a name which no one has been named before him-asws, and it is not permissible for anyone to be named as such after him-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘Because he-asws is a ‘Meerat’ (Treasure trove) of the knowledge which is being supplied from him-asws, and it is not supplied from anyone apart from him-asws’.

قال فقلت يابن رسول الله فلم سمي سيفه ذاالفقار؟ فقال ” ع “: لانه ما ضرب به احد من خلق الله إلا افقره من هذه الدنيا من اهله وولده وافقره في الآخرة من الجنة

He (Abu Hamza) said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! So why was his-asws sword named as ‘Zulfiqaar’?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because he-asws did not strike any one from the creatures of Allah-azwj with it, except that he was deprived (Afqar) of this world, from his family, and his children, and deprived in the Hereafter from the Paradise’.

قال: فقلت يابن رسول الله فلستم كلكم قايمين بالحق؟ قال: بلى قلت فلم سمي القايم قائما؟ قال: لما قتل جدي الحسين عليه السلام ضجت عليه الملائكة إلى الله تعالى بالبكاء والنحيب وقالوا: إلهنا وسيدنا أتغفل عمن قتل صفوتك وابن صفوتك وخيرتك من خلقك، فأوحى الله عز وجل إليهم قروا ملائكتي فوعزتي وجلالي لانتقمن منهم ولو بعد حين،

He (Abu Hamza) said, ‘So I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Are you-asws all not standing with the Truth?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So why has Al-Qaim-asws been named as ‘Qaim’ (The one making a stand)?’ He-asws said: ‘When my-asws grandfather-asws Al-Husayn-asws was killed, the Angels were in uproar to Allah-azwj the High with the crying and the wailing, and they said, ‘Our God-azwj, and our Master-asws! Are You-azwj Oblivious from the one who killed Your-azwj elite, and son-asws of Your-azwj elite, and Your-azwj Chosen one from Your-azwj creatures?’ So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed until them: “Calm down My-azwj Angels, for I-azwj Swear by My-azwj Mighty and My-azwj Majesty that I-azwj shall be Exacting revenge from them, even though it may be after a while”.

ثم كشف الله عز وجل عن الائمة من ولد الحسين ” ع ” للملائكة فسرت الملائكة بذلك فإذا احدهم قايم يصلى فقال الله عز وجل بذلك القائم انتقم منهم.

Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Uncovered (the veil) from the Imams-asws from the sons-asws of Al-Husayn -asws for the Angels (to see). So the Angels were in cheerfulness due to that. So there was one of them (Imams-asws) standing, Praying. So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “It is by that standing one-asws, I-azwj shall be Exacting Revenge from them”.[75]

حدثنا محمد بن محمد بن عصام الكليني قال: حدثنا محمد بن يعقوب عن علان الكليني رفعه إلى ابى عبد الله ” ع ” انه قال: إنما سمي سيف أمير المؤمنين ذاالفقار لانه كان في وسطه خط في طوله، فشبه بفقار الظهر فسمى ذاالفقار بذلك وكان سيفا نزل به جبرئيل ” ع ” من السماء، وكانت حلقته فضة، وهو الذي نادى به مناد من السماء: لا سيف إلا ذو الفقار ولافتى إلا علي.

Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Asaam Al Kulayni, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Alaan Al Kulayni,

(It has been narrated) raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘But rather, the sword of Amir Al-Momineen-asws was named as ‘Zulfiqar’, be there was in the middle of it, a line written along its length, so it resembles with the backbone, thus it was named as Zulfiqar due to that. And it was a sword which Jibraeel-as descended with from the sky, and its enclosure was of silver, and it is that which a Caller Called out with from the sky: ‘There is no sword except for Zulfiqar, and there is no youth (Believer) except for Ali-asws’’.[76]

حدثنا أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن الحسن بن على الكوفي، عن عبد الله بن المغيرة عن سفيان بن عبد المؤمن الانصاري، عن عمرو ابن شمر، عن جابر قال: أقبل رجل إلى ابى جعفر ” ع ” وانا حاضر، فقال رحمك الله اقبض هذه الخمسمائة درهم فضعها في موضعها فإنها زكاة مالي، فقال له أبو جعفر عليه السلاام: بل خذها أنت فضعها في جيرانك والايتام والمساكين، وفي اخوانك من المسلمين، إنما يكون هذا إذا قام قائمنا فإنه يقسم بالسوية ويعدل في خلق الرحمان، البر منهم والفاجر، فمن اطاعه فقد اطاع الله، ومن عصاه فقد عصى الله

My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Al Hassan Bin Ali AL Kufy, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Sufyan Bin Abdul Momin Al Ansary, from Amro Ibn Shimr, from Jabir who said,

‘A man came over to Abu Ja’far-asws, and I was present, so he said, ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you-asws! Capture these five hundred Dirham, and place this in its (appropriate) place, for this is Zakat of my wealth’. So Abu Ja’far-asws said to him: ‘But, you take it, and place it (give it out) among your neighbours, and the orphans, and the poor, and among your brethren from the Muslims. But rather, this would become (for us-asws), when our-asws Qaim-asws makes a stand, he-asws would distribute with the equality and justice among the creatures of the Beneficent, the righteous from them as well as the immoral. So the one who obeys him-asws has obeyed Allah-azwj, and the one who disobeys him-asws, so he has disobeyed Allah-azwj.

فإنما سمي المهدى لانه يهدى لامر خفي، يستخرج التوراة وسائر كتب الله من غار بانطاكية فيحكم بين أهل التوراة بالتوراة، وبين اهل الانجيل بالانجيل، وبين اهل الزبور بالزبور، وبين اهل الفرقان بالفرقان، وتجمع إليه أموال الدنيا كلها ما في بطن الارض وظهرها،

But rather, he-asws has been named as ‘Al-Mahdi’ because would be Guided to the hidden matters. He-asws would bring out the Torah and the rest of the Books of Allah-azwj from a cave at Antioch. Thus he-asws would Judge between the people of the Torah by the Torah, and between the people of the Evangel by the Evangel, and between the people of the Psalms by the Psalms, and between the people of the Quran by the Quran. And all of the wealth of the world would be gathered to him-asws, whatever is in the belly of the earth and upon its back.

فيقول للناس تعالوا إلى ما قطعتم فيه الارحام وسفكتم فيه الدماء وركبتم فيه محارم الله، فيعطي شيئا لم يعط احدا كان قبله.

So he-asws would be saying to the people: ‘Come to what with regards to which you cut off the relationships, and shed blood with regards to it, and for which you rode upon the Prohibitions of Allah-azwj. So he-asws would give something which no one had given before him-asws’.

قال: وقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وهو رجل مني إسمه كاسمي يحفظني الله فيه ويعمل بسنتي يملا الارض قسطا وعدلا ونورا بعد ما تمتلي ظلما وجورا وسوءا.

He-asws said: ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘And he-asws is a man-asws from me-saww, his-asws name is like my-saww name. May Allah-azwj Save me-saww with regards to it. And he-asws would be acting in accordance with my-saww Sunnah. He-asws would fill the earth with equity, and justice, and Light, after it having being filled with injustice, and tyranny, and darkness’.[77]

حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا جعفر ابن محمد بن مسعود قال: حدثنا جبرئيل بن احمد قال: حدثني الحسن بن خرذاد عن محمد بن موسى بن الفرات، عن يعقوب بن سويد، عن جعفر ” ع ” قال: قلت له جعلت فداك لم سمي أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” أمير المؤمنين؟ قال: لانه يميرهم العلم أما سمعت كتاب الله عز وجل (ونمير أهلنا).

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Ibn Muhammad Bin Masoud, from Jibraeel Bin Ahmad, from Al Hassan Bin Kharzad, from Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Furat, from Yaqoub Bin Suweyd,

(The narrator says), ‘I said to (Imam) Ja’far-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws: ‘Why was Amir Al-Momineen-asws named as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’?’ He-asws said: ‘Because he-asws supplied them (brought them) the knowledge. But have you not heard the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [12:65] and we will bring grain for our family’.[78]

(باب 130 – العلة التى من أجلها صار علي بن أبى طالب) (قسيم الله بين الجنة والنار)

Chapter 130 – The reason due to which Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws became the Distributor of Allah-azwj between the Paradise and the Fire

حدثنا احمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا احمد بن يحيى بن زكريا أبو العباس القطان قال: حدثنا محمد بن اسماعيل البرمكي قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن داهر قال: حدثنا أبى، عن محمد بن سنان عن المفضل بن عمر قال: قلت لابي عبد الله جعفر بن محمد الصادق ” ع ” لم صار أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبى طالب قسيم الجنة والنار؟ قال: لان حبه إيمان وبغضه كفر، وإنما خلقت الجنة لاهل الايمان، وخلقت النار لاهل الكفر، فهو عليه السلام قسيم الجنة والنار، لهذه العلة فالجنة لا يدخلها إلا أهل محبته، والنار لا يدخلها إلا أهل بغضه.

Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qatan narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Zakariyya Abu Al Abbas Al Qatan, from Muhammad Bin Isamil Al Barmakky, from Abdullah Bin Dahar, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Sadiq-asws, ‘Why did Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws come to be Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire?’ He-asws said: ‘Because, love for him-asws is faith, and hate for him-asws is Disbelief. But rather, the Pardise was Created for the people of the Eman (faith), and the Fire was Created for the people of the disbelief. Therefore, he-asws is the Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire, due to this reason. So the Paradise, none shall enter it except for the people who love him-asws, and the Fire, none shall enter it except for the people who hate him-asws’.

قال المفضل: فقلت يابن رسول الله فالانبياء والاوصياء عليهم السلام كانوا يحبونه واعدائهم كانوا يبغضونه؟ قال نعم قلت فكيف ذلك؟ قال: أما علمت ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله قال يوم خيبر: لاعطين الراية غدا رجلا يحب الله ورسوله ويحبه الله ورسوله ما يرجع حتى يفتح الله على يديه، فدفع الراية إلى علي عليه السلام ففتح الله تعالى على يديه. قلت بلى،

Al-Mufazzal narrates, ‘So I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! So the Prophets-as, and the successors-as used to love him-asws, and their-as enemies used to hate him-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So how can that be?’ He-asws said: ‘But do you not know that the Prophet-saww said on the Day of Khyber: ‘I-saww shall be giving the flag tomorrow to a man who loves Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww love him-asws. He-asws would not return Allah-azwj Grants him-asws victory by his-asws hands’? So he-saww handed over the flag to Ali-asws. Thus Allah-azwj Granted victory by his-asws hands’. I said, ‘Yes’.

قال: أما علمت ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لما أتى بالطائر المشوي قال صلى الله عليه وآله اللهم إئتني بأحب خلقك اليك وإلي يأكل معي من هذا الطائر – وعنى به عليا ” ع ” – قلت بلى،

He-asws said: ‘But, do you know that when Rasool-Allah-saww was brought a grilled chicken, he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Get the one most Beloved to You-azwj and to me-saww to come and eat with me-saww, from this bird’ – and he-saww meant Ali-asws by it?’ I said, ‘Yes’.

قال فهل يجوز أن لا يحب انبياء الله ورسله واوصيائهم عليهم السلام رجلا يحبه الله ورسوله ويحب الله ورسوله. فقلت له لا، قال: فهل يجوز ان يكون المؤمنون من اممهم لا يحبون حبيب الله وحبيب رسوله، وانبيائه عليهم السلام؟ قلت لا،

He-asws said: ‘So is it Permissible that the Prophets-as of Allah-azwj, and their-as successors-as did not love a man who is Loved by Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and he-asws loved Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww?’ So I said to him-asws, ‘No’. So is it Permissible that the Believers who happened to be in their-as communities were not loving the Beloved one of Allah-azwj, and a beloved one of His-azwj Rasools-as, and the His-azwj Prophets-as?’ I said, ‘No’.

قال: فقد ثبت ان اعدائهم والمخالفين لهم كانوا لهم ولجميع أهل محبتهم مبغضين، قلت نعم، قال: فلا يدخل الجنة إلامن أحبه من الاولين والآخرين ولا يدخل النار إلا من أبغضه من الاولين والآخرين فهو إذن قسيم الجنة والنار.

He-asws said: ‘It has thus been proved that their-as enemies and the adversaries, it would be that for them, and for the entirety of those that loved them-as, and the hateful ones’. I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘Therefore, none shall enter the Paradise except the one who loves him-asws, from the former ones and the later ones; and none shall enter the Fire except the one who hates him-asws, from the former ones and the later ones. Thus, then, he-asws is the Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire’.

قال المفضل بن عمر: فقلت له يابن رسول الله فرجت عني فرج الله عنك فزدني مما علمك الله، قال: سل يا مفضل فقلت له يابن رسول الله فعلي بن أبى طالب عليه السلام يدخل محبه الجنة ومبغضه النار؟ أو رضوان ومالك؟

Al-Mufazzal Ibn Umar said, ‘So I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Relieve from me (the understanding of matters), may Allah-azwj Relieve you-asws’. He-asws said: ‘Ask, O Mufazzal!’ So I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! So Ali-asws would be entering those that love him-asws into the Paradise, and those that hate him-asws into the Fire? Or would it be Rizwaan and Maalik (the two Keepers)?’

فقال يا مفضل أما علمت ان الله تبارك وتعالى بعث رسول صلى الله عليه وآله وهو روح إلى الانبياء عليهم السلام، وهم أرواح قبل خلق الخلق بالفي عام، قال: أما علمت انه دعاهم إلى توحيد الله وطاعته واتباع أمره ووعدهم الجنة على ذلك واوعد من خالف ما اجابوا إليه وانكره النار قلت بلى

So he-asws said: ‘O Mufazzal! But, know that Allah-azwj Blessed and High Sent Rasool-saww to the Prophets-as, and he-saww was a spirit, and they-as were spirits, before the Creation of the creation by two thousand years. But know, that he-saww called them-as to the Oneness of Allah-azwj, and being obedient to Him-azwj, and the following of His-azwj Commands, and promised them-as the Paradise upon that, and promised the ones who opposed and did not respond to them-as, and rejected them-as, (promised) the Fire’. I said, ‘Yes’.

قال: أفليس النبي صلى الله عليه وآله ضامنا لما وعد واوعد عن ربه عزوجل، قلت بلى قال: أو ليس علي بن ابى طالب خليفته وإمام امته؟ قلت بلى، قال: اوليس رضوان وملك من جملة الملائكة والمستغفرين لشيعته الناجين بمحبته؟ قلت بلى، قال: فعلي ابن ابى طالب إذن قسيم الجنة والنار عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ورضوان ومالك صادران عن أمره بامر الله تبارك وتعالى،

He-asws said: ‘So, is not the Prophet-saww therefore responsible, when he-saww promised and promise on behalf of his-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘Or is not Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws his-saww Caliph and an Imam-asws of his-saww community?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘Or are not Rizwan and Maalik (the two Keepers), from the totality of the Angels, and the seekers of Forgiveness for his-asws Shiah, the salvaged ones due to his-asws love?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘Therefore Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is the Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire, from Rasool-Allah-saww, and Rizwan and Maalik (the two Keepers) are the implementers of his-asws orders by the Command of Allah-azwj Blessed and High.

يا مفضل خذ هذا فإنه من مخزون العلم ومكنونه لا تخرجه إلا إلى أهله.

O Mufazzal! Take this, for it is from the treasured knowledge, and conceal it. Do not bring it out (to anyone) except to the one who is deserving of it’.[79] 

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى وعبد الله بن عامر بن سعيد، عن محمد بن سنان عن المفضل بن عمر عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: قال أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” أنا قسيم الله بين الجنة والنار، وانا الفاروق الاكبر وانا صاحب العصا والميسم.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, and Abdullah Bin Aamir Bin Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘I-asws am the Distributor of Allah-azwj between the Paradise and the Fire, and I-asws am the Great Differentiator, and I-asws am the owner of the staff and the branding (‘He is a Believer and he is an Infidel’)’.[80]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسين بن ابى الخطاب، عن موسى بن سعدان عن عبد الله بن القاسم الحضرمي، عن سماعة بن مهران قال: قال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” إذا كان يوم القيامة وضع منبر يراه جميع الخلايق يقف عليه رجل يقوم ملك عن يمينه وملك عن يساره فينادي الذي عن يمينه يقول: يا معشر الخلايق هذا علي بن ابى طالب صاحب الجنة يدخل الجنة من شاء، وينادي الذي عن يساره يا معشر الخلايق هذا على بن ابى طالب صاحب النار يدخلها من شاء.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khataab, from Musa Bin Sa’dan, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim Al Hazramy, from Sama’at Bin Mahran who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When it will be the Day of Judgement, a Pulpit would be placed which the entirety of the creatures would see. A man would stand upon it, and an Angel would stand on the right of it, and an Angel would stand upon its left. So the one upon the right of it would call out: ‘O group of creatures! This is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, Owner of the Paradise, and he-asws would be entering into the Paradise whoever he-asws so desires to!’ And the one on the left of it would call out: ‘O group of creatures! This is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, Owner of the Fire, and he-asws would be entering into the Paradise whoever he-asws so desires to!’[81]

ابى رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا إبراهيم ابن محمد الثقفي قال: حدثنا محمد بن داود الدينوري قال: حدثنا منذر الشعرانى قال حدثنا سعد بن زيد قال حدثنا أبو قبيل، عن ابى الجارود رفعه إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله قال: ان حلقة باب الجنة من ياقوتة حمراء على صفائح الذهب فإذا دقت الحلقة على الصفيحة طنت وقالت: يا علي:

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ibrahim Ibn Muhammad Al Saqafy, from Muhammad Bin Dawood Al Daynouri, from Manzar Al sha’rany, from Sa’ad Bin Zayd, from Abu Qabeel, from Abu Al Jaroud,

(It has been narrated) raising it to the Prophet-saww having said: ‘The door of the Paradise has been Created from red rubies upon gold plates. So when its ring (knob) is knocked upon the plates, it rings and says: ‘O Ali-asws! (يا علي)’.[82]

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا احمد بن محمد ابن عيسى عن العباس بن معروف، عن عبد الله بن المغيرة الخزاز، عن أبى حفص العبدي عن ابى هارون العبدي عن ابى سعيد الخدري قال: كان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله يقول إذا سألتم الله لي فاسألوه الوسيلة، فسألنا النبي صلى الله عليه وآله عن الوسيلة فقال: هي درجتي في الجنة، وهى الف مرقاة بين المرقاة إلى المرقاة حضر الفرس، فرس الجواد شهرا، وهى مابين مرقاة جوهر إلى مرقاة زبرجد إلى مرقاة ياقوت إلى مرقاة ذهب إلى مرقاة فضة فيؤتى بها يوم القيامة حتى تنصب مع درجة النبيين فهي في درج النبيين كالقمر بين الكواكب فلا يبقى يومئذ نبي ولا صديق ولا شهيد إلا قال: طوبى لمن كانت هذه الدرجة درجته، فينادى مناد يسمع النداء جميع النبيين والصديقين والشهداء والمؤمنين هذه درجة محمد.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Isa, from Al Abbas Bin marouf, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira Al Khazaz, from Abu Hafs Al Abady, from Abu Haroun Al Abdy, from Abu Saeed Al Khudry who said,

‘The Prophet-saww was saying: ‘When you all supplicate to Allah-azwj for me-saww, so ask Him-azwj for the Means (الوسيلة)’. So we asked the Prophet-saww about the Means. So he-saww said: ‘It is my-saww Level in the Paradise, and it is of a thousand stepping stones. In between a stepping stone and a stepping stone would take a racing horse a month to travel. And in between a stepping stone and another stepping stone are links of Aquamarine, to another stepping stone of Sapphire, and to a stepping stone of gold, to a stepping stone of silver.

So I-saww would be give it, on the Day of Judgement, until it is established with the Levels of the Prophets-as. So it would be among the Levels of the Prophets like the full moon is in between the stars. Thus, not a single Prophet-saww would remain on the Day, nor a Truthful, nor a Martyr, except that he would say: ‘Congratulations to the one for whom this Level is as a Level’. So a Caller would Call out which the entirety of the Prophets-as, and the Truthful, and the Martyrs, and the Believers would hear: ‘This is the Level of Muhammad-saww!’

قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فأقبل أنا يومئذ متزرا بريطة من نور على تاج الملك، واكليل الكرامة والملائكة الكرام وعلي بن ابى طالب أمامى ولوائي بيده وهو لواء الحمد مكتوب عليه: (لا إله إلا الله المفلحون هم الفائزون بالله)

Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘So I-saww would come on that Day, wearing robes of Light and a royal crown upon me-saww, and a crown of dignity, flanked with the honourable Angels. And Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws would be in front of me-saww, and my-saww flag would be in his-asws hand, and it is the flag of Praise (لواء الحمد), upon which would be inscribed: ‘There is no god except for Allah-azwj. The successful ones are the winners with Allah-azwj’.

فإذا مررنا بالنبيين قالوا ملكين مقربين، وإذا مررنا بالملائكة قالوا هذان ملكان ولم نعرفهما ولم نرهما، وإذا مررنا بالمؤمنين قالوا هذان نبيان مرسلان حتى أعلو الدرجة وعلي يتبعني حتى إذا صرف في أعلا درجة منها وعلي أسفل مني بدرجة وبيده لوائى فلا يبقى يومئذ نبي ولا وصى ولا مؤمن إلا رفعوا رؤوسهم إلى يقولون طوبى لهذين العبدين ما اكرمهما على الله تعالى فيأتى النداء من عند الله تعالى يسمع النبيون وجميع الخلق: هذا حبيبي محمد وهذا وليي علي طوبى لمن أحبه وويل لمن ابغضه وكذب عليه،

So the Prophets-as would pass by us-asws, so they-as would say: ‘These two are Angels of Proximity. And when the Angels pass by us-asws, they would say: ‘These are two Angels whom we do not recognise, nor have we seen these two before. And when the Believers pass by us-asws, they would say, ‘These are two Prophets-as, two Mursils-as’, until I-saww go a Level higher, and Ali-asws would follow me-saww, and I-saww reach the highest Level, and Ali-asws being a Level lower than mine-saww, and in his-asws hand would be my-saww flag, so there would not remain on that Day, a single Prophet-as, nor a successor-as, nor a Believer, except that they would all raise their heads and would be saying: ‘Congratulations to these two servants. How prestigious are these two to Allah-azwj’. So there would come the Call from the Presence of Allah-azwj the High, which the Prophets and all the creatures would hear: “This is My-azwj Beloved Muhammad-saww, and this is his-as Guardian Ali-asws! Congratulations to the one who loved him-asws, and woe be unto the one who hated him-asws and belied against him-asws”.

قال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله لعلي عليه السلام يا علي فلا يبقى يومئذ في مشهد القيامة احد يحبك إلا استروح إلى هذا الكلام وابيض وجهه وفرح قلبه ولا يبقى احد ممن عاداك أو نصب لك حربا أو جحد لك حقا إلا أسود وجهه واضطربت قدماه،

The Prophet-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! So there would not remain on that Day in the spectacle of the Day of Judgement, anyone who loves you-asws except that he would be cheerful upon this speech, and his face would be whitened, and his heart would be joyful. And there would not remain anyone from your-asws enemies, or one who established a war against you-asws, or fought against you-asws of your-asws rights, except that his face would be blackened, and his legs would tremble’.

ثم قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فبينا أنا كذلك إذا ملكان قد اقبلا إلي اما احدهما فرضوان خازن الجنة، وأما الآخر فمالك خازن النار فيدنو رضوان فيسلم علي فيقول السلام عليك يا رسول الله فارد عليه السلام، وأقول أيها الملك الطيب الريح الحسن الوجه الكريم على ربه من أنت؟ فيقول انا رضوان خازن الجنة امرني ربى آتيك بمفاتيح الجنة فادفعها اليك فخذها يا احمد فاقول قد قبلت ذلك من ربى فله الحمد على ما أنعم به علي فادفعها إلى أخي علي بن ابى طالب فيدفعها إلى علي ويرجع رضوان

Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘So during that, two Angels would come forward towards me-saww. As for one of the two, so it would be Rizwan, the Keeper of the Paradise, and as for the other, so it would be Malik, the Keeper of the Fire. So Rziwan would approach and greet me-saww, and he would be saying: ‘Peace be upon you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww’. So I-saww would greet him in return, and I-saww would be saying: ‘O you Angel! With such aromatic fragrance and beauty of the face, prestigious to his Lord-azwj, who are you?’ So he would be saying: ‘I am Rizwan, Keeper of the Paradise. My Lord-azwj Commands me that I should give you-saww the keys of the Paradise, and hand these over to you-saww. So take these, O Ahmad-saww!’ So I-saww would say, ‘I-saww accept that from my-saww Lord-azwj. For Him-azwj is the Praise upon what He -azwj has Favoured me-saww with. Hand over these over to my-saww brother Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. So he would hand these over to Ali-asws, and Rizwan would return.

ثم يدنو مالك فيقول السلام عليك يا احمد فاقول السلام عليك ايها الملك ما أنكر رؤيتك وأقبح وجهك من أنت؟ فيقول: انا مالك خازن النار امرني ربى ان آتيك بمقاليد النار، فاقول قد قبلت ذلك من ربي فله الحمد على ما فضلني به، ادفعها الى أخي علي ابن أبي طالب فيدفعها إليه، ثم يرجع مالك

Then Malik would approach, so he would say: ‘Peace be upon you-saww, O Ahmad-saww!’ So I-saww would say: ‘And Peace be upon you, O Angel! How harsh is your appearance, and how threatening is your face, who are you?’ So he would say: ‘I am Malik, the Keeper of the Fire. My Lord-azwj Commands me that I should come to you-saww with the shackles of the Fire’. So I-saww would say: ‘I have accepted that from my-saww Lord-azwj. For Him-azwj is the Praise upon what He-azwj has Graced me-saww with. Hand these over to my-saww brother Ali-asws Ibn Abu Talib-asws’. So he would hand these over to him-asws. Then Malik would return.

فيقبل علي ومعه مفاتيح الجنة ومقاليد النار حتى يقف على عجزة جهنم فيأخذ زمامها بيده وقد علا زفيرها واشتد حرها وتطاير شررها فتنادي جهنم جزنى يا علي فقد أطفأ نورك لهبي فيقول لها علي: قري يا جهنم خذي هذا واتركى هذا، خذي هذا عدوي واتركى هذا وليى،

So Ali-asws would go across, and with him-asws would be the keys of the Paradise and the shackles of the Fire, until he-asws pauses upon the brink of Hell. So he-asws would grab its reins by his-asws hand, and its exhalation would be high, and its heat would be intense, and its flames would be flying out. So Hell would call out: ‘Be far from me, for your-asws Light is extinguishing my flames’. So Ali-asws would be saying to it: ‘Calm down, O Hell! Take this one and leave this one. Take this enemy of mine-asws, and leave this friend of mine-asws’.

فلجهنم يومئذ اشد مطاوعة لعلي من غلام احدكم لصاحبه فان شاء يذهبها يمنة، وان شاء يذهبها يسرة، ولجهنم يومئذ اشد مطاوعة لعلي فيما يأمرها به من جميع الخلايق.

So, on that Day, hell would be more obedient to Ali-asws than a slave of yours would be to his master. So if he-asws so desires, it would make him go rightwards, or if he-asws so desires, it would make him go leftwards. And on that Day, Hell would be more obedient to Ali-asws with regards to he-asws orders it with, than the entirety of the creatures’.[83]

(باب 131 – العلة التى من أجلها أوصى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله) (إلى علي ” ع ” دون غيره)

Chapter 131 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-saww bequeathed to Ali-asws besides others

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Sahl Bin Ziyad Al Admy, from Muhammad Bin Al Waleed Al Sayrafi, from Aban Bin Usman,

حدثنا محمد بن على ماجيلويه رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار قال: حدثنا سهل بن زياد الآدمي قال: حدثنا محمد بن الوليد الصيرفي، عن ابان بن عثمان، عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام عن ابيه عن جده عليهما السلام قال: لما حضرت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الوفاة دعا العباس بن عبد المطلب وأمير المؤمنين علي ابن ابى طالب عليه السلام فقال للعباس: يا عم محمد، تأخذ تراث محمد وتقضي دينه وتنجز عداته؟ فرد عليه وقال: يارسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله انا شيخ كبير كثير العيال قليل المال من يطيقك وأنت تباري الريح،

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘When death approached Rasool-Allah-saww, he-saww called Al-Abbas Bin Abdul Muttalib and Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. So he-saww said to Al-Abbas: ‘O uncle of Muhammad-saww! Will you take the inheritance of Muhammad-saww, and fulfil his-saww debts and fulfil his-saww promises made?’ So he responded to him-saww and said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I am old of age, lot of family, and little wealth. Who can endure you-saww, and you-saww are even generous to the winds passing by’.

قال فاطرق صلى الله عليه وآله هنيئة قال يا عباس اتأخذ تراث رسول الله وتنجز عداته وتؤدي دينه؟ فقال بأبي أنت وامى انا شيخ كبير كثير العيال قليل المال من يطيقك وأنت تباري الريح،

He-asws said: ‘So he-saww patted him and blessed, and said (again): ‘O Abbas! Will you take the inheritance of Rasool-Allah-saww, and fulfil his-saww promises made, and pay off his-saww debts?’ So he said, ‘May my father and my mother be sacrificed for you-saww! I am old of age, lot of family, and little wealth. Who can endure you-saww, and you-saww are even generous to the winds passing by’.

فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله اما انى سأعطيها من يأخذ بحقها، ثم قال: يا علي يا اخا محمد أتنجز عداة محمد وتقضي دينه وتأخذ تراثه؟ قال: نعم بأبي أنت وأمي،

So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘But, I-saww will give it to the one who is deserving of it’. Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! O brother of Muhammad-saww! Will you-asws fulfill the promises made by Muhammad-saww, and pay off his-saww debts, and take his-saww inheritance?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, may my-asws father-as and my-asws mother-as be sacrificed for you-saww’. 

قال فنظرت إليه حتى نزع خاتمه من اصبعه فقال تختم بهذا في حياتي، قال: فنظرت إلى الخاتم حين وضعه علي ” ع ” في إصبعه اليمنى فصاح رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يا بلال علي بالمغفر والدرع والراية وسيفي ذي الفقار وعمامتي السحاب والبرد والابرقة والقضيب (يقال له: الممشوق) فوالله ما رأيتها قبل ساعتي تيك – يعني الابرقة – كادت تخطف الابصار فإذا هي من ابرق الجنة، فقال يا علي: ان جبرئيل اتانى بها فقال يا محمد اجعلها في حلقة الدرع واستوفر بها مكان المنطقة،

He-asws said: ‘So he-saww looked at him-asws until he-saww removed his-saww ring from his-saww finger, so he-saww said: ‘Wear this ring during my-saww lifetime’. He-asws said: ‘So he-saww looked at the ring when Ali-asws put it on his-asws right fingers, and cried out: ‘O Bilal! Bring to me-saww the helmet, and the shield, and the flag, and my-saww sword Zulfiqar, and my-saww turban ‘Al-Sahaab, and the cloak, and the belt, and the walking stick (called Al-Mamshouq), for by Allah-azwj! I-saww have not seen during my-saww time a thing’ – meaning the belt – ‘which almost snatches the vision away, for it is from the pitchers of the Paradise’. Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Jibraeel-as came to me aww with it, so he-as said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Make it to be in a ring of the shield, and wear it around your-asws waist’.

ثم دعا بزوجي نعال عربيين احدهما: مخصوفة والاخرى غير مخصوفة، والقميص الذي اسرى به فيه، والقميص الذي خرج فيه يوم (أحد) والقلانس الثلاث: قلنسوة السفر وقلنسوة العيدين وقلنسوة كان يلبسها ويقعد مع أصحابه، ثم قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يا بلال علي بالبغتلين: الشهباء والدلدل، والناقتين: العضباء والصهباء، والفرسين: الجناح الذي كان يوقف بباب مسجد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لحوايج الناس، يبعث رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الرجل في حاجة فيركبه، وحيزوم وهو الذي يقول اقدم حيزوم والحمار اليعفور،

Then he-saww called for a pair of slippers, one of which was sewn and the other was un-sewn; and the shirt which he-saww had worn during the Ascension, and the shirt with which he-saww had come out on the Day of Ohad, and the three hoods – a hood for the travel, and a hood for the two Eids, and a hood which he-saww used to wear whenever he-saww was seated with his-saww companions. Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Bilal! Come to me with the two mules – Al Shahba’a and Al Dul Dul; and the two camels – Al Azba’a, and Al Sahba’a; and the two horses – Al Janaaah which used to be paused at the door of the Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww for the needs of the people, whenever Rasool-Allah-saww used to send the man during a need, so he would ride it, and Heyzoum to which he-saww used to say: ‘Com forward Heyzoum!’; and the donkey Al Yafour’.

ثم قال: يا علي اقبضها في حياتي لا ينازعك فيها أحد بعدي.

Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Take control of these during my-saww lifetime, and let no one snatch it away from you-asws after me-saww’.

ثم قال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” ان أول شئ مات من الدواب حماره اليعفور توفي ساعة قبض رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قطع خطامه، ثم مر يركض حتى وافى بئر بنى حطمه بقبا فرمى بنفسه فيها فكانت قبره

Then Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The first thing which died from the animals was his-saww donkey Al Yafour which died at the time Rasool-Allah-saww passed away. It cut off its halter, then ran over to the well of Hatma at Quba and smashed itself against it and fell down into it. So that was its grave’.

ثم قال أبو عبد الله ” ع “: ان يعفور كلم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فقال: بأبي أنت وأمي ان ابي حدثني عن أبيه عن جده: انه كان مع نوح في السفينة فنظر إليه يوما نوح ” ع ” ومسح يده على وجهه، ثم قال: يخرج من صلب هذا الحمار حمار يركبه سيد النبيين وخاتمهم والحمد لله الذي جعلني ذلك الحمار.

Then Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Yafour had spoken to Rasool-Allah-saww saying, ‘May my father and my mother be sacrificed for you-saww! My father used to narrate to me, from his father, from his grandfather that he was with Noah-as in the ship. So, one day Noah-as looked at him and wiped his-as hand upon his face, then said: ‘There will be coming out from the back of this donkey, a donkey upon which the Chief of the Prophets-as, and their-as Seal’. And the Praise is for Allah-azwj who Made me to be that donkey’.[84]

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد ابن محمد بن عيسى، عن محمد بن خالد، عن إبراهيم بن إسحاق الازدي، عن أبيه قال: أتيت الاعمش سليمان بن مهران أسأله عن وصية رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فقال: إيت محمد ابن عبد الله فاسأله، قال: فاتيته فحدثني عن زيد بن علي ” ع ” فقال: لما حضرت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الوفاة ورأسه في حجر علي ” ع ” والبيت غاص بمن فيه من المهاجرين والانصار والعباس قاعد قدامه، قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يا عباس أتقبل وصيتي وتقضى ديني وتنجز موعدي؟ فقال: انى امرؤ كبير السن كثير العيال لامال لي فاعادها عليه ثلاثا كل ذلك يردها عليه،

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Azady, from his father who said,

‘I came over to Al-Amsh Suleyman Bin Mahran to ask him about the bequest of Rasool-Allah-saww, so he said, ‘Go to Muhammad Bin Abdullah and ask him’. So I went over to him, so he narrated to me from Zayd son of Ali-asws, so he said, ‘When death presented itself to Rasool-Allah-saww, and his-saww head was in the lap of Ali-asws, and the house was full up with the ones who were in it from the Emigrants and the Helpers, and Al-Abbas was seated at his-saww feet. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Abbas! Do you accept my-saww bequest and to pay off my-saww debts, and fulfill my-as promises made?’ So he said, ‘I am a person of old age, with a large family with no wealth to me’. So he-saww repeated it three times to him, and for each of that, that was his response.

فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: سأعطيها رجلا يأخذها بحقها لا يقول مثل ما تقول، ثم قال يا علي: أتقبل وصيتي وتقضى ديني وتنجز موعدي؟

So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww shall give it to a man who would take it rightfully, and would not be saying what you are saying’. Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Do you-asws accept my-saww bequest, and to pay off my-saww debts, and fulfill my-saww promises made?’

قال: فخنقته العبرة ولم يستطع ان يجيبه ولقد رأى رأس رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يذهب ويجئ في حجره، ثم اعاد عليه، فقال له علي ” ع ” نعم بأبي أنت وأمي يارسول الله،

He-asws said: ‘So the grief choked him-asws and he-asws could not answer him-saww, and he-asws saw the head of Rasool-Allah-saww, going and coming (falling unconscious and waking up intermittently) in his-asws lap. Then he-saww repeated to him-asws, so Ali-asws said to him-saww: ‘Yes, may my-asws father-as and my-asws mother-as be sacrificed for you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww!

فقال يا بلال: إيت بدرع رسول الله فأتى بها ثم قال يا بلال: إيت براية رسول الله فأتى بها، ثم قال يا بلال: إيت ببغلة رسول الله بسرجها ولجامها فأتى بها، ثم قال يا علي قم فاقبض هذا بشهادة من في البيت من المهاجرين والانصار كي لا ينازعك فيه أحد من بعدي،

So he-saww said: ‘O Bilal! Bring the shield of Rasool-Allah-saww! So he came up with. Then he-saww said: ‘Bring the flag of Rasool-Allah-saww’. So he came with it. Then he-saww said: ‘O Bilal! Bring the mule of Rasool-Allah-saww along with its saddle and its bridle’. So he came with it. Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Arise, and take (control of) these in the sight of the ones in the house, from the Emigrants and the Helpers, so that no one should snatch these away from you-asws from after me-saww’.

قال: فقام علي ” ع ” وحمل ذلك حتى استودع جميع ذلك في منزله ثم رجع.

He (the narrator) said: ‘So Ali-asws arose, and carried those until entrusted all of that in his-asws house, then returned’.[85]

Muhammad Bin Ali Al Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Abu Ismail Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Azdy, from his father, from Abu Khalid Amro Bin Khalid Al Wasity,

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رحمه الله، عن عمه محمد بن ابي القاسم عن احمد بن محمد بن خالد، عن أبيه، عن ابي إسماعيل إبراهيم بن اسحاق الازدي عن أبيه، عن ابى خالد عمرو بن خالد الواسطي، عن زيد بن علي ” ع ” قال: لما حضرت رسول صلى الله عليه وآله الوفاة قال للعباس أتقبل وصيتي وتقضى ديني وتنجز موعدي؟ قال انى امرؤ كبير السن ذوعيال لا مال لي، فأعاده ثلاثا فردها، فقال رسول الله لاعطينها رجلا يأخذها بحقها لا يقول ما تقول،

(It has been narrated) from Zayd son of Ali-asws who said, ‘When death presented itself to Rasool-Allah-saww, he-saww said to Al-Abbas: ‘Do you accept my-saww bequest, and pay off my-saww debts, and fulfill my-saww promises made?’ He said, ‘I am a person of old age with a family and no wealth for me’. So he-saww repeated it three times to him. So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww shall give it to a man who would take these rightfully and would not be saying what you are saying’.

ثم قال يا علي: تقبل وصيتي وتقضى ديني وتنجز موعدي؟ قال فخنقته العبرة ثم أعاد عليه، فقال علي ” ع ” نعم يا رسول الله، فقال يا بلال: إيت بدرع رسول الله، فأتى بها، ثم قال: يا بلال بسيف رسول الله فاتى به، ثم قال يا بلال: إيت براية رسول الله فاتى بها، قال حتى تفقد عصابة كان يعصب بها بطنه في الحرب فاتى بها،

Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Do you-asws accept my-saww bequest, and pay off my-saww debts, and fulfill my-saww promises made?’ He (the narrator) said, ‘So the grief choked him-asws. Then he-saww repeated it to him-asws, so Ali-asws said: ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ So he-saww said: ‘O Bilal! Bring the shild of Rasool-Allah-saww!’ So he came with it. Then he-saww said: ‘O Bilal! (Bring) the sword of Rasool-Allah-saww!’ So he came with it. Then he-saww said: ‘Bring the flag of Rasool-Allah-saww’. So he came with it. He-saww even got him to bring the belt which he-saww used to wear around his-saww waist during the wars, so he came with it.

ثم قال يا بلال: إيت ببغلة رسول الله بسرجها ولجامها فاتى بها، ثم قال لعلي قم فاقبض هذا بشهادة من هنا من المهاجرين والانصار حتى لا ينازعك فيه أحد من بعدي،

Then he-saww said: ‘O Bilal! Bring the mule of Rasool-Allah-saww along with its saddle and its bridle’. So he came with it. Then he-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘Arise, and take (control of) these in the sight of the ones who are here, from the Emigrants and the Helpers, so that no one would snatch these from you-asws from after me-saww’.

قال فقام علي ” ع ” وحمل ذلك حتى استودعه منزله ثم رجع.

He (the narrator) said, ‘So Ali-asws arose, and carried that until he-asws entrusted these in his-asws house, then returned’.[86]

(باب 133 العلة التى من أجلها ورث على بن أبى طالب ” ع “) (رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله دون غيره)

Chapter 133 – The reason due to which Ali-asws inherited from Rasool-Allah-saww among others

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya Al Jaloudy at Al Basra, from Muhammad Bin Zakariyya, from Abdul Wahid Ibn Gayas, Abu Abaya, from Amro Bin Al Mugheira, from Abu Sadiq, from Rabi’e Ibn Najad that,

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رحمه الله قال: حدثني عبد العزيز بن يحيى الجلودي بالبصرة قال حدثنا محمد بن زكريا قال حدثنا عبد الواحد ابن غياث قال: حدثنا أبو عباية، عن عمرو بن المغيرة، عن ابى صادق، عن ربيعة ابن ناجد، ان رجلا قال لعلي عليه السلام يا أمير المؤمنين بما ورثت ابن عمك دون عمك؟ فقال: يا معشر الناس، فافتحوا آذانكم واستمعوا. فقال عليه السلام جمعنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله بني عبد المطلب في بيت رجل منا أوقال: اكبرنا.

‘A man said to Ali-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! By what reason did you-asws inherit your-asws cousin-saww, besides your-asws uncle?’ So he-asws said: ‘O group of people! Unblock your ears and listen carefully!’ So he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww gathered us, the Clan of Abd Al-Muttalib-as, in a house of a man from us’ – or said: ‘An elderly one of us’.

فدعا بمد ونصف من طعام وقدح له يقال له الغمر فاكلنا وشربنا وبقى الطعام كما هو والشراب كما هو وفينا من ياكل الجذعة ويشرب الفرق فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ان قد ترون هذه فايكم يبايعني على انه اخي ووارثى ووصيي؟ فقمت إليه وكنت اصغر القوم وقلت أنا، قال اجلس، ثم قال ذلك ثلاث مرات، كل ذلك اقوم إليه فيقول: اجلس، حتى كان في الثالثة: فضرب بيده على يدي فبذلك ورثت ابن عمي دون عمي.

So he-saww called for a Mudd and a half of food in a bowl of his-saww called Al-Ghamr. So we ate and drank, and the food still remained as it was before, and the drink remained just as it was before, and among us were ones who used to eat a whole animal, and drink a pail (bucket) of water. So, Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Have you been seeing this? So which one of you would pledge his allegiance to me-saww upon that he would be my-saww brother, and my-saww inheritor, and my-saww successor?’ So I-asws stood up, and I-asws was the smallest (in age) of the people, and I-asws said: ‘I-asws will!’ He-saww said: ‘Be seated!’ Then he-saww said that three times, and for each of that, I-asws stood up, he-saww was saying: ‘Be seated!’, to the extent that during the third (time), he-saww struck his-saww hand upon my-asws hand. Thus, by that, I-asws inherited from my-asws uncle-saww among my uncle (Al Abbas)’.[87]

وعنه قال: حدثنا عبد العزيز قال: حدثنا المغيرة بن محمد قال: حدثنا إبراهيم بن محمد بن عبد الرحمان الازدي قال: حدثنا قيس بن الربيع وشريك بن عبد الله بن الاعمش، عن المنهال بن عمرو، عن عبد الله بن الحارث بن نوفل، عن علي بن ابى طالب ” ع ” قال: لما نزلت (وانذر عشيرتك الاقربين ورهطك المخلصين) دعا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله بنى عبد المطلب وهم إذ ذاك اربعون رجلا يزيدون رجلا أو ينقصون رجلا فقال أيكم يكون اخي ووصيي ووارثى ووزيري وخليفتي فيكم بعدي؟

And from him who said, ‘Abdul Aziz narrated to us, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Rahman Al Azdy, from Qays Bin Al Rabi’e and Shareek Bin Abdullah Bin Al Amsh, from Al Minhal Bin Amro, from Abdullah Bin Al Haris Bin Nowfal,

(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘When the Verse [26:214] And warn your nearest relations and your group of sincere ones, was Revealed, Rasool-Allah-saww invited the Clan of Abdul Muttalib-as, and they were forty men, one more or one less. So he-saww said: ‘Which one of you would like to become my-saww brother, and my-saww inheritor, and my-saww Vizier, and my-saww successor, and my-saww Caliph among you all, after me-saww?’

فعرض ذلك عليهم رجلا رجلا، كلهم يأبى ذلك، حتى أتي علي، فقلت: أنا، يا رسول الله. فقال: يا بني عبد المطلب، هذا أخي و وارثي، و وزيري، و خليفتي فيكم بعدي.

So, heaww presented that to man by man. All of them refused that, until it came to me-asws, so I-asws said: ‘Me-asws! O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ So he-saww said: ‘O Clan of Abdul Muttalib-as! This is my-saww brother, and my-saww inheritor, and my-saww Vizier, and my-saww Caliph among you all after me-saww’.

فقام القوم يضحك بعضهم إلى بعض، و يقولون لأبي طالب: قد أمرك أن تسمع و تطيع لهذا الغلام!».

So the people arose laughing with each other, and they were saying to Abu Talib-as, ‘He-saww has ordered you-as that you-as should listen and be obedient to this boy (of yours-as)!’[88]

(باب 134 – العلة التى من أجلها دخل أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” في الشورى)

Chapter 134 – The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineen-asws entered into the consultation

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا على بن إبراهيم بن هاشم، عن ابيه باسناده رفعه إلى ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: لما كتب عمر كتاب الشورى بدأ بعثمان في اول الصحيفة وأخر عليا أمير المؤمنين ” ع “! فجعله في آخر القوم، فقال العباس: يا أمير المؤمنين يا ابا الحسن أشرت عليك في يوم قبض رسول الله ان تمد يدك فنبايعك فإن هذا الامر لمن سبق إليه فعصيتني حتى بويع أبو بكر

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim narrated to us, from his father, by his chain raising it to

Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Umar wrote the list (of the participants) for the consultation, he began by Usman on the first page, and Ali Amir Al-Momineen-asws as the last one. So he made him-asws to be the last of the people. So Al-Abbas said, ‘O Amir Al Momineen-asws! O Abu Al Hassan-asws! I indicated to you on the day Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, to extend your-asws hand, so that we would pledge our allegiances to you-asws, for this matter (Caliphate) is for the one who precedes to it, but you-asws disobeyed me until allegiances were pledged to Abu Bakr.

وانا أشير عليك اليوم ان عمر قد كتب أسمك في الشورى وجعلك آخر القوم وهم يخرجونك منها فاطعني ولا تدخل في الشورى فلم يجبه بشئ

And I indicated to you-asws on the day that Umar had written your-asws name (to be) in the consultation, and made you-asws to be at the last of the people, and they were taking you-asws out from it. So if only you-asws had obeyed me and not entered into the consultation’. But, he-asws did not answer him with anything.

فلما بويع عثمان قال له العباس: الم أقل لك، قال له يا عم انه قد خفى عليك امر، أما سمعت قوله على المنبر ماكان الله ليجمع لاهل هذا البيت الخلافة والنبوة فاردت ان يكذب نفسه بلسانه فيعلم الناس ان قوله بالامس كان كذبا باطلا وإنا نصلح للخلافة، فسكت العباس.

So when allegiances were pledge to Usman, Al-Abbas said to him-asws, ‘Did I not tell you-asws?’ He-asws said to him: ‘O uncle! A matter has been hidden from you. Have you not heard his own speech upon the Pulpit, ‘Allah-azwj would not gather the Prophet-hood and the Caliphate together for the People-asws of this Household’? So I-asws intended him to belie himself by his own tongue, so that the people would know that his speech yesterday was a lie, false, and that we-asws are the correct ones for the Caliphate’. So Al-Abbas was silent’.[89]

(باب 135 – العلة التى من أجلها خرج بعض الائمة عليهم السلام) (بالسيف، وبعضهم لزم منزله وسكت، وبعضهم أظهر أمره) (وبعضهم أخفى أمره، وبعضهم نشر العلوم وبعضهم لم ينشرها)

Chapter 135 – The reason due to which one of the Imams-asws came out with the sword, and one-asws of them-asws necessitated sitting at his-asws house, and one-asws of them-asws manifested his-asws command, and one-asws of them-asws concealed his-asws command, and one-asws of them-asws publicised the knowledges, and one-asws of them-asws did not publicise it

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري، عن ابى القاسم الهاشمي، عن عبيد بن قيس الانصاري قال: حدثنا الحسن بن سماعة عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: نزل جبرئيل ” ع ” على رسول صلى الله عليه وآله بصحيفة من السماء لم ينزل الله تعالى كتابا قبله ولا بعده وفيه خواتيم من الذهب فقال له: يا محمد هذه وصيتك إلى النجيب من أهلك، فقال له يا جبرئيل من النجيب من أهلي؟ قال علي بن أبي طالب مره إذا توفيت ان يفك خاتمها ويعمل بما فيه

My father said, ‘Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri narrated to us, from Abu Al Qasim Al Hashimy, from Ubeyd Bin Qays Al Ansary, from Al Hassan Bin Sama’at,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Jibraeel-as descended unto Rasool-Allah-saww with a Parchment from the sky. Allah-azwj had not Send down a writing before it nor after it, and in it were seals of gold. So he-as said to him-saww: ‘O Muhammad-saww! This here is your-saww bequest to the most excellent one of your-saww family’. So he-saww said to him-as: ‘O Jibraeel-as! Who is the most excellent one from my-saww family?’ He-as said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-as. Order him-asws, that when you-saww pass away, he-asws should break its seal and act in accordance with whatever is in it’.

فلما قبض رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فك علي ” ع ” خاتما ثم عمل بما فيه وما تعداه، ثم دفعها إلى الحسن بن علي عليه السلام ففك خاتما وعمل بما فيه وما تعداه، ثم دفعها إلى الحسين بن علي ” ع ” ففك خاتما فوجد فيه: اخرج بقوم إلى الشهادة لهم معك واشر نفسك لله فعمل بما فيه وما تعداه

So when Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, Ali-asws broke its seal, then acted in accordance with what was in it, and did not exceed it. Then he-asws handed it over to Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws. So he-as broke its seal and acted in accordance with what was in it, and did not exceed it. Then he-asws handed it over to Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, so he-asws broke its seal, and found in it (written): ‘Go out with a people to the martyrdom for them along with you-asws, and sacrifice your-asws self for the Sake of Allah-azwj’. So he-asws acted in accordance with what was in it, and did not exceed it.

ثم دفعها إلى رجل بعده ففك خاتما فوجد فيه أطرق واصمت والزم منزلك واعبد ربك حتى يأتيك اليقين، ثم دفعها إلى رجل بعده ففك خاتما فوجد فيه: ان حدث الناس وافتهم وانشر علم آبائك، فعمل بما فيه وما تعداه.

Then he-asws handed it over to a man from after him-asws, so he-asws broke its seal, and found (written in it): ‘Remain silent, and be quiet, [15:99] And worship your Lord until there comes to you certainty’. Then he-asws handed it over to a man from after him-asws, so he-asws broke its seal, and found (written) in it: ‘Narrate to the people, and meet with them, and publicise the Knowledge of your-asws forefathers-asws’. So he-asws acted in accordance with what was in it, and did not exceed it.

ثم دفعها إلى رجل بعده ففك خاتما فوجد فيه: ان حدث الناس وافتهم وصدق آبائك ولا تخافن إلا الله فإنك في حرز من الله وضمان. وهو يدفعها إلى رجل بعده ويدفعها من بعده إلى من بعده إلى يوم القيامة.

Then he-asws handed it over to a man from after him-asws, so he-asws broke its seal and found (written) in it: ‘Narrate to the people, and meet with them, and ratify your-asws forefathers-asws, and do not fear except Allah-azwj, for you-asws are in the Protection of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Responsibility’. And it would be handed it over to a man from after him-asws, and handed over to a man from after him-asws, to a man from after him-asws, until the Day of Judgement’.[90]

(باب 136 – العلة التى من أجلها دفع النبي صلى الله عليه وآله إلى على ” ع “) (سهمين وقد استخلفه على أهله بالمدينة)

Chapter 136 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-saww handed over two portions for Ali-asws (from the war booty), and he-saww had left-asws to look after his-saww family at Al-Medina

حدثنا احمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا عبد الرحمان بن محمد الحسنى قال حدثني فرات بن إبراهيم الكوفي قال: حدثنا علي بن محمد بن الحسن اللؤلؤئى قال: حدثنا علي بن نوح قال حدثنا أبي، عن محمد بن مروان، عن ابى داود، عن معاذ بن سالم، عن بشر بن إبراهيم الانصاري، عن خليفة بن سليمان الجهمى، عن أبى سلمة بن عبد الرحمان، عن ابى هريرة قال: فلما رجع النبي إلى المدينة وكان علي قد تخلف على أهله قسم المغانم فدفع إلى علي بن أبى طالب ” ع ” سهمين وهو بالمدينة متخلف وقال: معاشر الناس، ناشدتكم بالله وبرسوله ألم تروا إلى الفارس الذي حمل على المشركين من يمين العسكر فهزمهم ثم رجع إلي فقال: يا محمد ان لي معك سهما وقد جعلته لعلي بن ابى طالب وهو جبرئيل ” ع “

Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qataan narrated to us, from Abdul Rahman Bin Muhammad Al Hasny, from Furat Bin Ibrahim Al Kufy, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Lu’lui, from Ali Bin Nuh, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Marwan, from Abu Dawood, from Ma’az Bin Saalim, from Bishr Bin Ibrahim Al Ansary, from Khalifat Bin Suleyman Al Jahmy, from Abu Salma Bin Abdul Rahman,

from Abu Hureyra who said, ‘So when the Prophet-saww returned to Al Medina, and Ali-asws had been left behind to look after his-saww family, he-saww divided the war booty and handed over two portion to Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws, and he-asws was behind Al Medina to look at them, and he-saww said: ‘Group of people! We adjure you all with Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww! did you not see the horse rider who was attacking the Polytheists on the right of the army, so he defeated them and returned to me-saww, and said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! For me, with you-saww is one portion (of the war booty), and I have made to be for Ali Bin Abu Talib-saww’. And it was Jibraeel-as’.

معاشر الناس ناشدتكم بالله وبرسوله هل رأيتم الفارس الذي حمل على المشركين من يسار العسكر ثم رجع فكلمني فقال لي يا محمد ان لي معك سهما وقد جعلته لعلي بن ابى طالب فهو ميكائيل والله ما دفعت إلى علي عليه السلام إلا سهم جبرئيل وميكائيل عليهما السلام فكبر الناس باجمعهم.

Group of the people! We adjure you all with Allah-azwj and with His-azwj Rasool-saww! Did you see the horse rider who was attacking the Polytheists from the left of the army, then he returned to me-saww and spoke to me saying: ‘For me, O Muhammad-saww, is one portion (of war booty) with you-saww, and I have made it to be for Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. So it was Mikaeel-as. By Allah-azwj! I-saww have not handed over to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws except for the portions of Jibraeel-as and Mikaeel-as’. So all of the people exclaimed Takbeer (Greatness of Allah-azwj)’.[91]

وحدثني بهذا الحديث الحسن بن محمد الهاشمي الكوفي، عن فرات بن إبراهيم، باسناد مثله سواء.

And Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Hashimy Al Kufy narrated to me, by this chain, from Furat Bin Ibrahim, by a chain similar to it, same (Hadeeth) as this (above)’.[92]

(باب 37 – العلة التى من أجلها صار على بن أبى طالب أول من يدخل الجنة)

Chapter 137 – The reason due to which Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws would become the first one to enter the Paradise

حدثنا الحسين بن علي الصوفى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا أبو العباس عبد الله ابن جعفر الحميري قال: حدثنا محمد بن عبد الله القرشي قال: حدثنا علي بن احمد التميمي قال: حدثنا محمد بن مروان قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن يحيى قال حدثنا محمد ابن الحسين بن علي بن الحسين، عن ابيه، عن جده عن الحسين بن علي عن ابيه علي ابن ابى طالب عليهم السلام قال: قال لي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله أنت أول من يدخل الجنة، فقلت يارسول الله ادخلها قبلك؟ قال: نعم صاحب لوائى في الآخرة كما إنك صاحب لوائى في الدنيا وحامل اللواء هو المتقدم،

Al Husayn Bin Ali Al Sowfy narrated to us, from Abu Al Abbas Abdullah Ibn Ja’far Al Humeri, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Qarshy, from Ali Bin Ahmad Al Tameemy, from Muhammad Bin Marwaan, from Abdullah Bin Yahya,

(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Ibn Al-Husayn, son of Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws, from Al-Husayn Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to me-asws: ‘You-asws would be the first one to enter the Paradise’. So I-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I-asws shall enter before you-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes. You-asws would be the flag bearer in the Hereafter just as you-asws are the flag bearer in the world, and the flag bearer (always) precedes’.

ثم قال صلى الله عليه وآله: يا علي كانى بك وقد دخلت الجنة وبيدك لوائى وهو لواء الحمد تحته آدم فمن دونه.

Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! (I-saww am seeing) as if I-asws and with you-asws, entering the Paradise, and in your-asws hand is my-saww flag, and it is the Flag of Praise (لواء الحمد), and under it is Adam-as, and the ones (Prophets-as besides him-as’.[93]

(باب 138 – العلة التى من أجلها لم يخضب أمير المؤمنين)

Chapter 138 – The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineen-asws did no dye (hair & beard)

حدثنا محمد بن احمد السنانى رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا محمد بن ابى عبد الله الكوفي قال: حدثنا محمد بن ابى بشر قال حدثنا الحسين بن الهيثم عن سليمان بن داود عن علي بن غراب قال حدثنا ثابت بن ابى صفية، عن سعد بن ظريف عن الاصبغ ابن نباتة قال: قلت لامير المؤمنين ” ع ” ما منعك من الخضاب وقد اختضب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال: انتظر اشقاها ان يخضب لحيتي من دم رأسي بعد عهد معهود أخبرني به حبيبي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله.

Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Sinany narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Abu Bishr, from Al Husayn Bin Al Haysam, from Suleyman Bin Dawood, from Ali Bin Guraab, from Sabit Bin Abu Safiya, from Sa’ad Bin Zareyf, from Al Asbagh Bin Nabata who said,

‘I said to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, ‘What prevents you-asws from dyeing (your-asws hair and beard) and Rasool-Allah-saww had dyed?’ He-asws said: ‘I-asws am awaiting the miserable wretch to dye my-asws beard from my-asws head, after the era which my-asws beloved Rasool-Allah-saww has informed me-asws of’.[94]

(باب 139 – العلة التى من أجلها لم يطق أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” حمل) (رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لما أراد حط الاصنام من سطح الكعبة)

Chapter 139 – The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineen-asws did not carry Rasool-Allah-saww upon his-asws shoulders, when he-saww intended to bring down the idols from the roof of the Kaaba

حدثنا أبو علي احمد بن يحيى المكتب قال حدثنا احمد بن محمد الوراق قال حدثنا بشر بن سعيد بن قلبويه المعدل بالرافقه قال حدثنا عبد الجبار بن كثير التميمي اليماني قال سمعت محمد بن حرب الهلالي أمير المدينة يقول: سألت جعفر بن محمد ” ع ” فقلت له يابن رسول الله في نفسي مسألة أريد ان اسألك عنها فقال: ان شئت أخبرتك بمسألتك قبل أن تسألني وان شئت فسل،

Abu Ali Ahmad Bin Yahya Al Maktab narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Waraq, from Bishr Bin Saeed Bin Qalbawayh, the revisionist at Rafaqa, from Abdul Jabbar Bin Kaseer Al Tameemi who said, ‘I heard Muhammad Bin Al Hilali, the Emir of Al Medina saying,

‘I asked Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, ‘O son-asws  of Rasool-Allah-saww! I have within myself, a certain question which I want to ask you about’. So he-asws said; ‘If you like I-asws  would inform you of your questions before you even ask me-asws , and if you so like, then ask’.

قال: قلت له يابن رسول الله وبأي شئ تعرف ما في نفسي قبل سؤالي؟ فقال بالتوسم والتفرس أما سمعت قول الله عزوجل (ان في ذلك لآيات للمتوسمين) وقول رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله اتقوا فراسة المؤمن فإنه ينظر بنور الله، قال: فقلت له يابن رسول الله فاخبرني بمسألتي

I said, ‘O son-asws  of Rasool-Allah-saww! And by which thing do you-asws recognise what is within myself before I even ask you-asws ?’ He-asws  said: ‘By expectation and insight. Have you not heard the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [15:75] Surely in this are signs for those who examine, and the words of Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘Fear the insight of a Believer for he looks by the Light of Allah-azwj?’ I said, ‘O son-asws  of Rasool-Allah-saww, so inform me regarding my questions’.

قال: أردت ان تسألني عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لم لم يطق حمله علي ” ع ” عند حط الاصنام من سطح الكعبة مع قوته وشدته وما ظهر منه في قلع باب القموص بخيبر والرمي به إلى ورائه اربعين ذراعا وكان لا يطيق حمله اربعون رجلا وقد كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يركب الناقة والفرس والحمار، وركب البراق ليلة المعراج وكل ذلك دون علي في القوة والشدة، قال: فقلت له عن هذا والله اردت ان اسألك يابن رسول الله فاخبرني

He-asws  said: ‘You intend to ask me about Rasool-Allah-saww as to why did he-saww carry Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws  to bring down the idols from the surface of the Kabah, when he-asws  had the strength and the intensity which he-asws  displayed when he-asws  ripped off the door of the fort of Khaybar and threw it behind him to a distance of forty cubits, and it was not being carried by forty men, and Rasool-Allah-saww had ridden upon the camel, and the horse, and the mule, and rode upon Al-Buraaq on the night of the Ascension (المعراج), and all that was lower than Ali-asws  in strength and intensity?’ I said, ‘By Allah-azwj, this is what I intended to ask you-asws, O son-asws  of Rasool-Allah-saww, so inform me’.

فقال: ان عليا عليه السلام برسول الله تشرف وبه ارتفع وبه وصل إلى ان اطفأ نار الشرك وابطل كل معبود من دون الله عزوجل ولو علاه النبي صلى الله عليه وآله لحط الاصنام لكان عليه السلام بعلي مرتفعا وتشريفا وواصلا إلى حط الاصنام ولو كان ذلك كذلك لكان أفضل منه ألا ترى ان عليا عليه السلام قال: لما علوت ظهر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله شرفت وارتفعت حتى لو شئت ان انال السماء لنلتها

So he-asws said: ‘Ali-asws had nobility with Rasool-Allah-saww, and by it he-asws was raised to extinguish the fire of Polytheism, and invalidate every worshipped one besides Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. And had the Prophet-saww been raised for the bringing down of the idols, it would have been by Ali-asws that he-saww would have been raised, and been ennobled, and arrived to the bringing down of the idols. And that was like that, he-asws would have been higher than him-saww. Have you not seen that Ali-asws said: ‘When I-asws was raised upon the shoulders of Rasool-Allah-saww, I-asws was ennobled and raised to the extent that if I-asws had so desire to, I-asws would have touched the sky.

أما علمت ان المصباح هو الذي يهتدى به في الظلمة وانبعاث فرعه من أصله، وقد قال علي عليه السلام أنا من احمد كالضوء من الضوء،

But, do you know that the Lantern it which guides in the darkness, and its emission is a branch of the original source. And Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws am from Ahmad-saww like the Illumination is from the illumination’.

أما علمت ان محمدا وعليا صلوات الله عليهما كانا نورا بين يدي الله عزوجل قبل خلق الخلق بألفي عام وان الملائكة لما رأت ذلك النور رأت له اصلا قد تشعب منه شعاع لامع فقالت: إلهنا وسيدنا ماهذا النور؟ فأوحى الله تبارك وتعالى إليهم هذا نور من نوري أصله نبوة وفرعه إمامة، أما النبوة فلمحمد عبدي ورسولي واما الامامة فلعلي حجتي ووليى ولولاهما ما خلقت خلقي،

But, do you know that Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws were two Lights in front of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic before the Creation of the creatures, by two thousand years, and that the Angels, when they saw that Light, saw it as original from which was radiating a blinding radiance, so they said: ‘Our Allah-azwj, and our Master-azwj! What is this Light?’ So Allah-azwj Blessed and High Revealed unto them: “This is a Light from My-azwj Light. Its root is Prophet-hood and its branch is Imamate. As for the Prophet-hood, so it is for Muhammad-saww, My-azwj servant, and My-azwj Rasool-saww. And as for the Imamate, so it is for Ali-asws, My-azwj Proof, and My-azwj Guardian. And had it not been for these two-asws, I-azwj would not have Created My-azwj creation”.

اما علمت ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله رفع يد علي ” ع ” بغدير خم حتى نظر الناس إلى بياض إبطيهما فجعله مولى المسلمين وإمامهم

But do you know that Rasool-Allah-saww raised the hand of Ali-asws at Ghadeer Khumm, to the extent that the people looked at the whiteness of his-asws two arms. So he-asws was made to be a Master of the Muslims and their Imam-asws.

وقد احتمل الحسن والحسين عليهما السلام يوم حظيرة بني النجار فلما قال له بعض أصحابه ناولني احدهما يارسول الله قال: نعم الراكبان وابوهما خير منهما،

And he-saww had carried Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws on the day of Hazeera of the Clan of Najjar. So when one of his-saww companions said, ‘Let me carry one-asws of them-asws, O Rasool-Allah-saww’, he-saww said: ‘These two-asws are the best of the riders and the father-asws of these two-asws is better than these two-asws’.

وانه صلى الله عليه وآله كان يصلي باصحابه فاطال سجدة من سجداته فلما سلم قيل له يارسول الله لقد اطلت هذه السجدة فقال صلى الله عليه وآله ان ابني ارتحلني فكرهت ان اعاجله حتي ينزل، وإنما أراد بذلك صلى الله عليه وآله رفعهم وتشريفهم فالنبي صلى الله عليه وآله إمام ونبي وعلي ” ع ” إمام ليس بنبي ولا رسول فهو غير مطيق لحمل اثقال النبوة.

And he-saww was Praying with his-as companions, so he-saww prolonged a Prostration from his-saww Prostrations. So when he-saww greeted (at the end of the Prayers), it was said to him-as, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww have prolonged this Prostration’. So he-saww said: ‘My-saww two son-asws were riding upon me-saww, so I-saww disliked that I-asws should hasten them-asws, until they-asws descended (by themselves)’. But rather, what he-saww intended by that was to raise them-asws, and their-asws nobility. So the Prophet-saww was an Imam-asws and a Prophet-saww, and Ali-asws was an Imam-asws and neither a Prophet-as nor a Rasool-as.

قال محمد بن حرب الهلالي: فقلت له زدنى يابن رسول الله فقال إنك لاهل للزيادة

Muhammad Bin Harb Al-Hilaly said, ‘So I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Increase it for me’. So he-asws said: ‘You are indeed deserving of the increase’.

ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله حمل عليا عليه السلام على ظهره يريد بذلك أنه أبو ولده وإمام الائمة من صلبه كما حول ردائه في صلاة الاستسقاء واراد ان يعلم أصحابه بذلك انه قد تحول الجدب خصبا،

Rasool-Allah-saww carried Ali-asws upon his-saww shoulders, intending by that, that he-asws was the father-asws of his-saww (grand) sons, and an Imam-asws from the Imams-asws from his-asws back, just as overturning of his-saww cloak during the Prayer of Al-Istiqsa’a (the rain), it is intended by that it be known by his-saww companions, that he-saww had overturned the famine’.

قال: قلت له زدنى يابن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Increase it for me, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww’.

فقال: احتمل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله عليا ” ع ” يريد بذلك ان يعلم قومه انه هو الذي يخفف عن ظهر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ما عليه من الدين والعدات والاداء عنه من بعده،

So he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww carried Ali-asws, intending by that to let his-saww people know that he-asws would lighten from the shoulders of Rasool-Allah-saww, what is upon him-saww from the debts and the fulfilment of the promised made, from after him-saww’.

قال: فقلت له يابن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله زدني

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him -asws, ‘O son -asws of Rasool-Allah -saww, Increase it for me’.

فقال: احتمله ليعلم بذلك انه قد احتمله وما حمل إلا لانه معصوم لا يحمل وزرا فتكون افعاله عند الناس حكمة وصوابا وقد قال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله لعلي يا علي ان الله تبارك وتعالى حملني ذنوب شيعتك ثم غفرها لي وذلك قوله تعالى (ليغفر لك ما تقدم من ذنبك وما تأخر)

So he-asws said: ‘He-saww carried him-asws, to it would be known by that he-saww has carried him-asws, and has not carried except that he-asws was Infallible (sinless), and he-saww has not carried a burden, so that his-asws action would become one of wisdom, and correct. And the Prophet-saww had said to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Allah-azwj Blessed and High Loaded me-saww with the sins of your-asws Shiah, then Forgave them for me-saww, and these are the Words of the High [48:2] That Allah may Forgive you what has preceded from your sins and what is to follow.

ولما أنزل الله عزوجل إذا اهتديتم وعلي نفسي وأخى اطيعوا عليا فإنه مطهر معصوم لا يضل ولا يشقى ثم تلا هذه الآية: (قل أطيعو الله واطيعوا الرسول فإن تولوا فإنما عليه ما حمل وعليكم ما حملتم وان تطيعوه تهتدوا وما على الرسول إلا البلاغ المبين).

And when Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed [5:105] when you are on the right way, and Ali-asws is my-saww own self, and my-saww brother. Obey Ali-asws, for he-asws is Purified, Infallible, does not stray nor has he-asws a parallel’. Then he-saww recited this Verse [24:54] Say: Obey Allah and obey the Rasool; but if you turn back, then on him rests that which is imposed on him and on you rests that which is imposed on you; and if you obey him, you are on the right way; and nothing rests on the Rasool except for the clear delivery’.

 قال محمد بن حرب الهلالي: ثم قال جعفر بن محمد ” ع ” أيها الامير لو اخبرتك بما في حمل النبي صلى الله عليه وآله عليا عند حط الاصنام من سطح الكعبة من المعاني التي أرادها به لقلت ان جعفر بن محمد لمجنون فحسبك من ذلك ما قد سمعت

Muhammad Bin Harb Al-Hilaly said, ‘Then Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws said: ‘O you Emir! If I-asws were to inform you with what (all) the intended meanings were with regards to the Prophet-saww carrying Ali-asws during the bringing down of the idols from the roof of the Kaaba, you would say that Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws is insane. Therefore, let it suffice, what you have heard’.

فقمت إليه وقبلت رأسه وقلت الله أعلم حيث يجعل رسالته.

So he stood up and kissed his-asws forehead and said, [6:124] Allah Knows best where He Places His Message’.[95]

(باب 140 – العلة التى من أجلها قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله) (من بشرني بخروج آذار فله الجنة)

Chapter 140 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who give me-saww the good news of the going out of ‘Azaar’, for him would be the Paradise’.

Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Sinany and Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qatan and Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Ahmad Bin Hisham Al Mowdab and Ali Bin Abdullah Al Waraq, and Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Daqaq, from Abu Al Abbas Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Zakariyya Al Qatan, from Bakr Bin Abdullah Bin Habeeb, from Tameem Bin Bahloul, from his father, from Abu Al Hassan Al Abady, from Suleyman Bin Mahran, from Saeed Bin Jubeyr,

حدثنا محمد بن احمد السنانى واحمد بن الحسن القطان والحسين بن إبراهيم بن احمد بن هشام المؤدب وعلي بن عبد الله الوراق وعلي بن احمد بن محمد الدقاق رضى الله عنهم قالوا: حدثنا أبو العباس احمد بن يحيى بن زكريا القطان قال حدثنا بكر بن عبد الله بن حبيب، عن تميم بن بهلول، عن ابيه، عن ابى الحسن العبدي، عن سليمان بن مهران، عن سعيد بن جبير عن ابن عباس قال: كان النبي، صلى الله عليه وآله ذات يوم في مسجد (قبا) وعنده نفر من أصحابه فقال اول من يدخل عليكم الساعة رجل من أهل الجنة فلما سمعوا ذلك قام نفر منهم فخرجوا وكل واحد منهم يحب ان يعود ليكون هو أول داخل فيستوجب الجنة

(It has been narrated) from Ibn Abbas who said, ‘One day the Prophet-saww was in Masjid Quba, and in his-saww presence were a number of his-saww companions, so he-saww said: ‘The first one to enter here (where) you all are this time would be a man from the inhabitants of the Paradise’. So when they heard that, a number of them got up and went out, and each one from them loved that he would return in order for himself to become the first one to enter, therefore obligating the Paradise for himself.

فعلم النبي صلى الله عليه وآله ذلك منهم فقال لمن بقى عنده من أصحابه سيدخل عليكم جماعة يستبقون فمن بشرني بخروج آذار فله الجنة، فعاد القوم ودخلوا ومعهم أبو ذر رحمه الله فقال لهم في أي شهر نحن من الشهور الرومية فقال أبو ذر قد خرج آذار يارسول الله، فقال صلى الله عليه وآله قد علمت ذلك يا ابا ذر ولكن احببت ان يعلم قومي إنك رجل من اهل الجنة وكيف لا تكون كذلك وأنت المطرود من حرمى بعدي لمحبتك لاهل بيتي فتعيش وحدك وتموت وحدك ويسعد بك قوم يتولون تجهيزك ودفنك أولئك رفقائي في الجنة الخلد التي وعد المتقون.

So the Prophet-saww came to know that from them, so he-saww said to the remaining ones of his-saww companions: ‘There would be entering upon you, a group, in anticipation, so the one who give me the good news of the going out of Azaar, so for him would be the Paradise’.

So the people returned and entered, and with them was Abu Zarr-as. So he-saww said: ‘In which month are we, from the Roman months?’ So Abu Zarr-as said: ‘Azaar had gone, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ So he-saww said: ‘I-saww knew that, O Abu Zarr-as, but I-saww loved it that my-saww people know that you-as are a man from the inhabitants of the Paradise. And how can it not be like that and you-as would be expelled from my-saww campuses after me-saww due to your-as love for the People -asws of my-saww Household. So you-as would end up living alone, and die alone, and a people would be happy to befriend you-as, and Shroud you-as, and bury you-as. They would be your-as friends in the eternal Paradise which the pious have been Promised for’.[96]

(باب 141 – العلة التى من أجلها قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: ما أظلت) (الخضراء ولا أقلت الغبراء على ذى لهجة أصدق من أبى ذر)

Chapter 141 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Neither has the green (sky) shaded, nor the dust (of the ground) touched anyone with a tone more truthful than that of Abu Zarr-as’.

Abu Al Hassan Muhammad Bin Amro Bin Ali Al Basry, from Abdul Salaam Ibn Muhammad Bin Haroun Al Hashimy, Muhammad Bin Muhammad Uqba Al Shaybani, from Abu Al Qasim Al Khaza Bin Abaan, from Abu Hudba, from Anas Bin Maalik who said,

حدثنا أبو الحسن محمد بن عمرو بن علي البصري قال: حدثنا عبد السلام ابن محمد بن هارون الهاشمي قال: حدثنا محمد بن محمد عقبة الشيباني قال حدثنا أبو القاسم الخضر بن ابان، عن ابى هدبة، عن أنس بن مالك قال: اتى أبو ذر يوما إلى مسجد رسول صلى الله عليه وآله فقال: ما رأيت كما رأيت البارحة قالوا: وما رأيت البارحة؟ قال رأيت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ببابه فخرج ليلا فاخذ بيد علي بن ابى طالب وقد خرجا إلى البقيع فمازلت أقفوا اثرهما إلى ان اتيا مقابر مكة

‘One day Abu Zarr-as came over to Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww, so he-as said, I-as have not seen the like of what I-as saw yesterday’. They (people) said, ‘And what did you-as see yesterday?’ He-as said: ‘I-as saw that Rasool-Allah-saww was at his-saww door. So he-saww went out during the night, having grabbed the hand of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and they-asws both went out to Baqie (graveyard). So I-as did not cease to be in their-as footsteps until they-asws came to the graveyard of Makkah.

فعدل إلى قبر أبيه فصلى عنده ركعتين فإذا بالقبر قد انشق وإذا بعبدالله جالس وهو يقول: أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وان محمدا عبده ورسوله فقال له من وليك يا أبة فقال: وما الولي بابني قال: هو هذا علي قال: وان عليا وليى قال فارجع إلى روضتك

So he-saww turned towards the grave of his-saww father-as and Prayed two Cycles of Prayer. So the grave burst open and there was Abdullah-as seated, and he-as was saying: ‘There is no god except for Allah-azwj and Muhammad-saww is His-azwj Rasool-saww’. So he-saww said to him-as: ‘Who is your-as Guardian, O father-as?’ So he-as said: ‘And who is my-as Guardian, O my-as son-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘He-as is this one, Ali-asws’. He-as said: ‘And (I-as testify) that Ali-asws is my-as Guardian’. He-saww said: ‘So return to your-as Garden’.

ثم عدل إلى قبر أمه فصنع كما صنع عند قبر أبيه فإذا بالقبر قد انشق فاذاهى تقول: أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وانك نبي الله ورسوله فقال لها من وليك يا أماه، فقالت ومن الولي يا بنى؟ فقال هو هذا علي بن أبى طالب فقالت: وان عليا وليي فقال أرجعي إلى حفرتك وروضتك.

Then he-saww turned towards the grave of his-saww mother-as, and did what he-saww had done in the presence of the grave of his-saww father-as. So the grave burst open, and there she-as was, saying: ‘I-as testify that there is no god except for Allah-azwj, and you-saww are the Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww’. So he-saww said: ‘Who is your-as Guardian, O mother?’ So she-as said: ‘And who is my-as Guardian, O my-as son-saww?’ So she-as said: ‘He is this one, Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. So she-azwj said: ‘And (I-as testify) that Ali-asws is my-as Guardian’. So he-saww said: ‘Return to your-as grave and your-as Garden’.

فكذبوه ولببوه وقالوا يارسول الله كذب عليك اليوم فقال وما كان من ذلك. قال ان جندب حكى عنك كيت وكيت فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله: ما أظلت الخضراء ولا أقلت الغبراء علي ذي لهجة أصدق من أبى ذر.

So they (people) belied him-as and ridiculed him-as, and they said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Today you-saww have been belied against’. So he-saww said: ‘And it was not from that’. He said, ‘Jundab-as (Abu Zarr-as), told such and such about you-saww’. So the Prophet-saww said: ‘Neither has the green (sky) shaded, nor the dust (of the ground) touched anyone with a tone more truthful than that of Abu Zarr-as’.

قال عبد السلام بن محمد: فعرضت هذا الخبر على الهجني محمد بن عبد الاعلى فقال: أما علمت ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله قال: اتانى جبرئيل فقال: ان الله عزوجل حرم النار على ظهر أنزلك، وبطن حملك، وثدي أرضعك، وحجر كفلك.

Abd Al-Salaam Bin Muhammad said, ‘So I presented this Hadeeth to Al-Hajny Muhammad Bin Abdul A’ala, so he said, ‘But do you not know that the Prophet-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as came unto me-saww, so he-as said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Forbidden the Fire unto the loin from which you-saww descended, and the lab which bore you-saww, and the breasts which fed you-saww, and the lap which (took over) your-saww responsibility’.[97]

Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qataan narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sakary, from Muhammad Bin Zakariyya Al Jowfary Al Ghalaby Al Basry, from usman Ibn Umran, from Abaad Bin Saheyb who said,

حدثنا احمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا الحسن بن علي بن الحسين السكري قال: حدثنا محمد بن زكريا الجوهري الغلابى البصري قال: حدثنا عثمان ابن عمران قال: حدثنا عباد بن صهيب قال: قلت للصادق جعفر بن محمد ” ع ” اخبرني عن أبى ذر أهو أفضل أم أنتم أهل البيت؟ فقال: يابن صهيب كم شهور السنة فقلت اثنى عشر شهرا فقال: وكم الحرم منها؟ قلت أربعة أشهر، قال فشهر رمضان منها؟ قلت لا، قال فشهر رمضان أفضل أم اشهر الحرم؟ فقلت بل شهر رمضان

‘I said to Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, ‘Inform me about Abu Zarr-as, is he-as higher, or you-asws the People-asws of the Household?’ So he-asws said: ‘O ibn Saheyb! How many months are there in a year?’ So I said, ‘Twelve months’. So he-asws said: ‘And how many from these are sacred?’ I said, ‘Four months’. He-asws said: ‘So is the Month of Ramazan from these?’ I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘So is the Month of Ramazan higher or the sacred months?’ So I said, ‘But, (it is) the Month of Ramazan’.

قال فكذلك نحن أهل البيت لا يقاس بنا احد وان أبا ذر كان في قوم من اصحاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فتذاكروا فضايل هذه الامة فقال أبو ذر أفضل هذه الامة علي بن أبى طالب وهو قسيم الجنة والنار وهو صديق هذه الامة وفاروقها وحجة الله عليها

He-asws said: ‘So we-asws, the People-asws of the Household are like that, and let no one analogise with us-asws. And Abu Zarr-as was among a people from the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww, and they were mentioning the merits of this community, so Abu Zarr-as said: ‘The highest of this community is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and he-asws is the Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire, and he-asws is the Truthful of this community, and its Differentiator, and Proof of Allah-azwj over it.

فما بقي من القوم احد إلا اعرض عنه بوجهه وانكر عليه قوله وكذبه فذهب أبو امامة الباهلي من بينهم إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فاخبره بقول أبى ذر واعراضهم عنه وتكذيبهم له، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: ما أظلت الخضراء ولا أقلت الغبراء – يعنى منكم يا أبا أمامة من ذي لهجة أصدق من أبى ذر.

So there did not remain anyone from the people except that he turned his face away from him, and denied his-as speech against him-as, and belied him-as. So Abu Amama Al-Bahily went out from among them, to Rasool-Allah-saww and informed him-saww of the speech of Abu Zarr-as and the turning away of the people from him-as and their belying him-as. So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Neither has the green (sky) shaded, nor the dust (ground) touched’ – meaning from you all, O Abu Amama’ – ‘than one who is more truthful of tone than Abu Zarr-as’.[98]

(باب 142 – العلة التى من أجلها سميت فاطمة ” ع ” فاطمة)

Chapter 142 – The reason due to which Fatima-asws was named as ‘Fatima’

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم، عن محمد بن عيسى قال: حدثنا محمد بن زياد مولى بني هاشم قال: حدثنا شيخ لنا ثقة يقال له نجية بن اسحاق الفزاري قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن الحسن بن الحسن قال: قال لى أبو الحسن لم سميت فاطمة فاطمة، قلت: فرقا بينه وبين الاسماء قال ان ذلك لمن الاسماء ولكن الاسم الذي سميت به ان الله تبارك وتعالى علم ماكان قبل كونه فعلم ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يتزوج في الاحياء وانهم يطمعون في وراثة هذا الامر فيهم من قبله فلما ولدت فاطمة سماها الله تبارك وتعالى فاطمة لما اخرج منها وجعل في ولدها فقطعهم عما طمعوا، فبهذا سميت فاطمة، لانها فطمت طمعهم. ومعنى فطمت: قطعت.

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from Muhamamd Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ziyad, a slave of the Clan of Hashim -as, from a reliable elder of ours called Najeet Bin Is’haq Al Fazary, from Abdullah Bin Al Hassan Bin Al Hassan who said,

‘Abu Al-Hassan-asws said to me: ‘Why was Fatima-asws named as ‘Fatima’?’ I said, ‘Is there a difference between it and the (other) names?’ He-asws said: ‘That is a name from the names, but the name which she-asws was named with, that Allah-azwj Blessed and High Knew what was to be before it transpires, so He-azwj knew that Rasool-Allah-saww would be getting married during the lifetime, and that they (people) would be coveting with regards to his-saww inheritance of this command from beforehand. So when Fatimasws was Gifted (to Rasool Allah-saww), Allah-azwj Blessed and High Named her as ‘Fatima’ (Enforced discontinuance), due to what (Inheritance) was to come out from her-asws and Made it to be in her-asws sons-asws, thus cutting off their coveting from them. So, it is due to this, she-asws was named as ‘Fatima’, because she-asws cut-off (discontinued) their greed. And the meaning of ‘Fatima’ – ‘Cutting-off’’.[99]

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادى عن احمد بن أبى عبد الله البرقي، عن عبد العظيم بن عبد الله الحسني قال: حدثني الحسن بن عبد الله بن يونس بن ظبيان قال: قال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” لفاطمة عليها السلام تسعة اسماء عند الله عزوجل فاطمة والصديقة والمباركة والطاهرة والزكية والراضية والمرضية والمحدثة والزهراء،

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from Abdul Azeem Bin Abdullah Al has any, from Al Hassan Bin Abdullah Bin Yunus Bin Zibyan who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘For Fatima-asws there are nine names in the Presence of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic – Fatima, and Al-Siddiqua, and Al-Mubaraka, and Al-Tahira, and Al-Zakiyya, and Al-Raziyya, and Al-Marziyya, and Al-Muhaddisa, and Al-Zahra’.

ثم قال: أتدري أي شئ تفسير فاطمة عليها السلام؟ قلت إخبرنى يا سيدي قال: فطمت من الشر

Then he-asws said: ‘Do you know which thing is the interpretation of (name of) Fatima-asws?’ I said, ‘Inform me, O my Master?’ He-asws said: ‘She-asws is cut-off from the evil’.

قال: ثم قال، لو لا ان أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” تزوجها ماكان لها كفوا إلى يوم القيامة على وجه الارض، آدم فمن دونه.

He (the narrator) said, ‘Then he-asws said: ‘Had she (Fatima-asws) been not married to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, there would not have been a match for her-asws up to the Day of Judgement upon the face of the earth, (including) Adam-as and the ones besides him-as’.[100]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا احمد بن علوية الاصبهاني عن ابراهيم بن محمد الثقفي، عن جندل بن والق قال: حدثنا محمد بن عمر البصري عن جعفر بن محمد بن علي، عن أبيه عليهما السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يا فاطمة أتدرين لم سميت فاطمة؟ فقال علي ” ع ” يا رسول الله لم سميت؟ قال: لانها فطمت هي وشيعتها من النار.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Alawiya Al Asbahany, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Al Saqafy, from Jandal Bin Walaq, from Muhammad Bin Umar Al Basry,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Fatima-asws! Do you-asws know why you-asws have been named as ‘Fatima’?’ So Ali-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww, why was she-asws named as such?’ He-saww said: ‘Because she-asws and her-asws Shiah are cut-off from the Fire’.[101]

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن محمد بن سنان، عن عبد الله بن مسكان عن محمد بن مسلم الثقفي قال: سمعت أبا جعفر ” ع ” يقول لفاطمة عليها السلام، وقفة على باب جهنم، فإذا كان يوم القيامة كتب بين عيني كرجل مؤمن أو كافر فيؤمر بمحب قد كثرت ذنوبه إلى النار فتقرأ فاطمة بين عينيه محبا فيقول: إلهى وسيدي سميتني فاطمة وفطمت بى من تولاني وتولى ذريتي من النار ووعدك الحق وأنت لا تخلف الميعاد،

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Muhammad Bin Muslim Al Saqafy who said,

‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying for Fatima-asws that she would be pausing at the Gateway of Hell. So when it will be the Day of Judgement, there would be written in between the two eyes whether the man is a Believer or an Infidel. So they would pass with a loving one to the Fire due to the abundance of his sins. So Fatima-asws would read ‘Loving one’, in between his eyes, so she-asws would be saying: ‘My-asws God-azwj, and my-asws Master! You-azwj Named me-asws as ‘Fatima’, and would be Cutting off by me-asws, the one who would be with my-asws Wilayah and the Wilayah of my-asws children, (Cutting-off) from the Fire, and Your-azwj Promise is the Truth, and You-azwj do not Default on Your-azwj Promise’.

فيقول الله عزوجل، صدقت يا فاطمة إنى سميتك فاطمة وفطمت بك من أحبك وتولاك وأحب ذريتك وتولاهم من النار ووعدي الحق وأنا لا اخلف الميعاد، وإنما أمرت بعبدي هذا إلى النار لتشفعي فيه فاشفعك وليتبين لملائكتي وانبيائي ورسلي وأهل الموقف موقفك مني ومكانتك عندي

So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would be Saying: “You-asws have spoken the Truth, O Fatima-asws! I-azwj Named you-asws as ‘Fatima’, and I-azwj will Cut-off from the Fire, by you-asws, the one who loves you-asws and be with your-asws Wilayah, and loves your-asws offspring and is with their-asws Wilayah, and My-azwj Promise is the Truth, and I-azwj do not Default from My-azwj Promise. But rather, I-azwj Commanded for this servant of Mine to the Fire so that you-asws would intercede to Me-azwj with regards to him and I-azwj will Intercede for your-asws sake, so that it would be manifested to My-azwj Angels, and My-azwj Prophets-as, and My-azwj Rasools-as, and the people of the status, of your-asws status from Me-azwj, and your-asws position in My-azwj Presence”.

فمن قرأت بين عينيه مؤمنا فخذي بيده وادخليه الجنة.

Thus, for the one whom she-asws reads in between his eyes ‘Believer’, so he would be taken by the hand and made to enter into the Paradise’.[102]

(باب 143 – العلة التى من أجلها سميت فاطمة الزهراء ” ع ” زهراء)

Chapter 143 – The reason due to which Fatima Al-Zahra-asws was named as ‘Al Zahra’

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن معقل القرمسينى، عن محمد بن زيد الجزرى، عن ابراهيم بن اسحاق النهاوندي، عن عبد الله بن حماد، عن عمرو بن شمر، عن جابر، عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: قلت له لم سميت فاطمة الزهراء زهراء؟ فقال لان الله عزوجل خلقها من نور عظمته فلما أشرقت أضاءت السموات والارض بنورها وغشيت أبصار الملائكة وخرت الملائكة ساجدين وقالوا: إلهنا وسيدنا ما لهذا النور فأوحى الله إليهم هذا نور من نوري اسكنته في سمائي خلقته من عظمتي أخرجه من صلب نبي من أنبيائي أفضله على جميع الانبياء وأخرج من ذلك النور أئمة يقومون بامري يهدون إلى حقي واجعلهم خلفائي في أرضى بعد انقضاء وحيى.

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Ma’aqal Al Qarmasayni narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Zayd Al Jazry, from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Nahawandy, from Abdullah Bin Hamaad, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Why was Fatima Al-Zahra-asws named as ‘Fatima’?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created her-asws from a Light of His-azwj Magnificence. So when she-asws shone, the skies and the earth were illuminated by her-asws Light, and the visions of the Angels were overwhelmed, and the Angels fell down Prostrating, and they said: ‘Our God-azwj and our Master! What is this Light due to?’

So Allah-azwj Revealed unto them: “This is a Light from My-azwj Light. I-azwj Settled it in My-azwj sky. I-azwj Created it from My-azwj Magnificence, and will be Extracting from it from the sulb of a Prophet-saww from My-azwj Prophets (who-saww would be) higher than the entirety of the Prophets-as, and would be Extracting from that Light, the Imams-asws who would be standing with My-azwj Commands, Guiding to My-azwj Truth, and I-azwj would Make them-asws to be My-azwj Caliphs, in My-azwj earth, after the expiration of My-azwj Revelation”.[103]

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Sahl Al Sayqal, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Darami, from the one who narrated it, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Harmany, from Aban Bin Taghlub who said,

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثني جعفر بن سهل الصيقل، عن محمد بن اسماعيل الدارمي عمن حدثه، عن محمد بن جعفر الهرمرانى عن أبان بن تغلب قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” يابن رسول الله لم سميت الزهراء عليها السلام زهراء؟ فقال: لانها تزهر لامير المؤمنين ” ع ” في النهار ثلاث مرات بالنور، كان يزهر، نور وجهها صلاة الغداة والناس في فرشهم فيدخل بياض ذلك النور إلى حجراتهم بالمدينة فتبيض حيطانهم فيعجبون من ذلك فيأتون النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فيسألونه عما رأوا فيرسلهم إلى منزل فاطمة عليها السلام فيأتون منزلها فيرونها قاعدة في محرابها تصلي والنور يسطع من محرابها من وجهها فيعلمون ان الذي رأوه كان من نور فاطمة،

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Why was Al-Zahra-asws named as ‘Al-Zahra’?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because she-asws glowed with the Light, for Amir Al Momineen-asws, three times during the day. Her-asws face glowed at the time of the Dawn Prayer, and the people would in their beds, so that whiteness of that Light would enter into their chambers at Al-Medina, and enlighten their walls. So they would be astounded from that, and they would come to the Prophet-saww to ask him-saww about what they had observed, and he-asws would send them to the House of Fatima-asws. So they would come to her-asws house, and they would see her-asws seated in her-asws Prayer Niche, Praying, and the Light shining from her-asws Prayer Niche, from her-asws face. So they would come to know that, that which they saw was from the Light of Fatima-asws.

فإذا نصف النهار وترتبت للصلاة زهر وجهها ” ع ” بالصفرة فتدخل الصفرة حجرات الناس فتصفر ثيابهم وألوانهم فيأتون النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فيسألونه، عما رأوا فيرسلهم إلى منزل فاطمة عليها السلام فيرونها قايمة في محرابها وقد زهر نور وجهها عليها السلام بالصفرة فيعلمون ان الذي رأوا كان من نور وجهها

So when it would be the middle of the day, and she-asws would make arrangements for the Prayer, her-asws face would glow with the yellow (Light). So the yellowness would enter into the chambers of the people, so their clothes and their colours would turn yellow. So they would come to the Prophet-saww to ask him-saww about what they had observed. So he-saww would send them to the house of Fatima-asws. So they would see her-asws standing in her-asws Prayer Niche, and Light glowing from her-asws face, with the yellowness. So they would know that, that which they saw was from the Light of her-asws face’.

فإذا كان آخر النهار وغربت الشمس احمر وجه فاطمة عليها السلام فاشرق وجهها بالحمرة فرحا وشكرا لله عزوجل فكان يدخل حمرة وجهها حجرات القوم وتحمر حيطانهم فيعجبون من ذلك ويأتون النبي صلى الله عليه وآله ويسألونه عن ذلك فيرسلهما الى منزل فاطمة فيرونها جالسة تسبح الله وتمجده ونور وجهها يزهر بالحمرة فيعلمون ان الذي رأوا كان من نور وجه فاطمة عليها السلام

So when it would be the end of the day, and the sun would set, the face of Fatima-asws would turn red. So her-asws face would shine with the redness in happiness and gratitude for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. So the redness from her-asws face would enter into the chamber of the people and turn their walls red. So they would be astounded from that, and they would come to the Prophet-saww and ask him-saww about that. So he-saww would send them to the House of Fatima-asws, and they would see her-asws to be seated, Glorifying Allah-azwj, and Extolling Him-azwj, and the Light from her-asws face glowing with the redness. So they would know that, that which they saw, was from the Light of the face of Fatima-asws.

فلم يزل ذلك النور في وجهها حتى ولد الحسين ” ع ” فهو يتقلب في وجوهنا إلى يوم القيامة في الائمة منا أهل البيت إمام بعد إمام.

Thus, that Light did not cease to be in her-asws face until she-asws was Blessed with Al-Husayn-asws. So, it has been transferred into our-asws faces until the Day of Judgement, in the Imams-asws from us-asws, the People-asws of the Household’.[104]

حدثنا محمد بن ابراهيم بن اسحاق رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا عبد العزيز ابن يحيى الجلودي قال: حدثنا محمد بن زكريا الجوهري، عن جعفر بن محمد بن عمارة عن أبيه قال: سألت أبا عبد الله ” ع ” عن فاطمة لم سميت الزهراء؟ فقال لانها كانت إذا قامت في محرابها زهر نورها لاهل السماء كما تزهر نور الكواكب لاهل الارض.

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq narrated to us, from Abdul Aziz Ibn Yahya Al Jaloudy, from Muhammad Bin Zakariyya Al Jowhary, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Amara, from his father who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about Syeda Fatima-asws, ‘Why was she-asws named as ‘Al-Zahra’?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because whenever she-asws stood in her-asws Prayer Niche, her-asws Light glowed upon the inhabitants of the sky, just as the stars flow upon the inhabitants of the earth’.[105]

(باب 144 – العلة التى من أجلها سميت فاطمة عليها السلام البتول) (وكذلك مريم عليها السلام)

Chapter 144 – Reason due to which Fatima-asws was named as ‘Al Batoul’, and similar to that is Maryam-as

حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن عيسى بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن أبى طالب قال: حدثنا أبو عبد الله محمد بن ابراهيم بن اسباط قال: حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن زياد القطان قال: حدثني أبو الطيب احمد بن محمد بن عبد الله قال: حدثني عيسى بن جعفر بن محمد بن عبد الله بن محمد بن عمر بن علي بن أبى طالب ” ع ” عن آبائه عن عمر بن علي بن أبيه علي بن أبى طالب ” ع ” ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله سئل ما البتول فانا سمعناك يارسول الله تقول ان مريم بتول وفاطمة بتول؟ فقال صلى الله عليه وآله: البتول التي لم تر حمرة قط أي لم تحض فان الحيض مكروه في بنات الانبياء.

Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, son of Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws narrated to us, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Asbat, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Ziyad Al Qatan, from Abu Al Tayyib Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from Isa Bin Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Umar, son of Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws, from his forefathers, from Umar, son of Ali-asws,

(It has been narrated) from his father Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww was asked, ‘What is ‘Al-Batoul’, for we have heard you-saww O Rasool-Allah-saww, saying that Maryam-as is ‘Batoul’, and Fatima-asws is ‘Batoul’?’ So he-saww said: ‘Al Batoul is that (woman) who does not see redness at all, i.e., she does go through as women do, which is abhorrent in the daughters of the Prophets-as’.[106]

(باب 145 العلة التى من أجلها كانت فاطمة عليها السلام تدعو) (لغيرها، ولا تدعو لنفسها)

Chapter 145 – The reason due to which Fatima-asws used to supplicate for others, and did not supplicate for herself-asws

حدثنا علي بن محمد بن الحسن القزويني المعروف بابن مقبرة قال: حدثنا محمد بن عبد الله الحضرمي قال: حدثنا جندل بن والق قال: حدثنا محمد بن عمر المازنى عن عبادة الكليي عن جعفر بن محمد عن أبيه عن علي بن الحسين عن فاطمة الصغرى، عن الحسين بن علي، عن إخيه الحسن بن علي بن أبى طالب عليهم السلام قال: رأيت أمي فاطمة عليها السلام قامت في محرابها ليلة جمعتها فلم تزل راكعة ساجدة حتى اتضح عمود الصبح وسمعتها تدعو للمؤمنين والمؤمنات وتسميهم وتكثر الدعاء لهم ولا تدعو لنفسها بشئ، فقلت لها يا أماه لم لا تدعون لنفسك كما تدعون لغيرك؟ فقالت يا بني: الجار ثم الدار.

Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Qazwiny, well known as Ibn Maqbara, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Hazramy, from Jandal Bin Walaq, from Muhammad Bin Umar Al Mazany, from Abadat Al Kalay,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from Fatima Al-Sughra-asws, from Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws brother-asws Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘I-as saw my-asws mother-asws standing in her-asws Prayer Niche on the night of Friday. So she-asws did not cease Bowing and Prostrating until the light of the morning. And I-asws heard her-asws supplicating for the believing men and the believing women, and frequently naming them and supplicating for them, and did not supplicate for her-asws own self with anything. So I-asws said to her-asws: ‘Why are you-asws not supplicating for yourself-asws just like you-asws supplicating for the others?’ So she-asws said: ‘O my-asws son-asws! The neighbour (first) then the house’.[107]

حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن عبد الرحمان الحاكم المروزى المقرى قال: حدثنا محمد بن جعفر المقرى أبو عمرو قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الموصلي ببغداد قال: حدثنا محمد بن عاصم قال: حدثنا أبو زيد الكحال، عن أبيه، عن موسى ابن جعفر، عن أبيه عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: كانت فاطمة عليها السلام إذا دعت تدعو للمؤمنين والمؤمنات ولا تدعو لنفسها فقيل لها يا بنت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله انك تدعون للناس ولا تدعون لنسفك؟ فقالت الجار ثم الدار.

Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Rahman Al Hakim Al Marouzy Al Maqry narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Maqry Abu Amro, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Mowsaly at Baghdad, from Muhammad Bin Aasim, from Abu Zayd Al Kahaal, from his father,

(It has been narrated) Musa-asws Ibn Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Whenever Syed Fatima-asws used to supplicate, she-asws would supplicate for the believing men and the believing women, and would not supplicate for herself-asws. So it was said to her-asws, ‘O daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! You-asws are supplicating for the people and are not supplicating for yourself-asws?’ So Syeda-asws said: ‘The neighbour (first), then the house’.[108]

(باب 146 – العلة التى من أجلها سميت فاطمة ” ع ” محدثة)

Chapter 146 – The reason due to which Syeda Fatima-asws was named a ‘Muhaddisa’.

حدثنا احمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا الحسن بن علي السكرى، عن محمد بن زكريا الجوهري قال: حدثنا شعيب بن واقد قال: حدثني اسحاق بن جعفر بن محمد بن عيسى بن زيد بن علي قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله ” ع ” يقول إنما سميت فاطمة عليها السلام محدثه لان الملائكة كانت تهبط من السماء فتناديها كما تنادي مريم بنت عمران فتقول: يا فاطمة الله اصطفاك وطهرك واصطفاك على نساء العالمين يا فاطمة إقنتي لربك واسجدي واركعي مع الراكعين،

Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qatan narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Sakry, from Muhammad Bin Zakariyya Al Jowhary, from Shuayb Bin Waqad, from Is’haq Bin Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Zayd son of Ali-asws who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘But rather, Syeda Fatima-asws was named as Muhaddisa because the Angels used to descend from the sky, so they would call out to her-asws just as they used to call out to Maryam-as daughter of Imran-as, so they were saying: ‘O Fatima-asws! [3:42] Allah has Chosen you and Purified you and Chosen you above the women of the worlds. O Fatima-asws! [3:43] Be obedient to your Lord and humble yourself, and bow down with those who bow.

فتحدثهم ويحدثونها فقالت لهم ذات ليلة: أليست المفضلة على نساء العالمين مريم بنت عمران؟ فقالوا: ان مريم كانت سيدة نساء عالمها، وان الله عز وجل جعلك سيدة نساء عالمك وعالمها وسيدة نساء الاولين والآخرين.

So she-asws would discuss with them, and they would discuss with her-asws. One night, she-asws said to them: ‘Am I-asws not more meritorious over the (Chieftess) of the women of the worlds, Maryam-as daughter of Imran-as?’ So they said: ‘Maryam-as was Chieftess of the women of her-asws world (era), and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Made you-asws the Chieftess of the women of her-as era, and Chieftess of the women of the former ones and the later ones’.[109]

(باب 147 – العلة التى من أجلها كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يكثر) تقبيل فاطمة عليها السلام

Chapter 147 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-saww frequently used to kiss Syeda Fatima-asws

حدثنا احمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا الحسن بن علي السكري قال: أخبرنا محمد بن زكريا قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن عمارة الكندي قال: حدثنى أبى، عن جابر عن أبى جعفر محمد بن علي ” ع ” عن جابر بن عبد الله قال: قيل يارسول الله انك تلثم فاطمة وتلتزمها وتدنيها منك وتفعل بها مالا تفعله باحد من بناتك؟ فقال: ان جبرئيل ” ع ” اتانى بتفاحة من تفاح الجنة فاكلتها فتحولت ماء في صلبي، ثم واقعت خديجة فحملت بفاطمة فانا اشم منها رائحة الجنة.

Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qataan narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Sakry, from Muhammad Bin Zakariyya, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Amaar Al Kindy, from his father, from Jabir,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, from Jabir Bin Abdullah having said: ‘It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww tend to kiss Fatima-asws, and revere her-asws, and be close to her-asws, and deal with her-asws with what you-saww do not deal with any of your-saww (other step daughters)?’ So he-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as came unto me-saww with an apple from the apples of the Paradise. So I-saww ate it, and it converted to the water in my-saww back. Then I-saww went to Khadeeja-as, so she-as was Blessed with Syeda Fatima-asws. So I-saww keep smelling the aroma of the Paradise from her-asws’.[110] 

وبهذا الاسناد عن محمد بن زكريا قال: حدثنا عمر بن عمران قال: حدثنا عبيدالله بن موسى العبسي قال: اخبرني جبلة المكي، عن طاووس اليماني عن ابن عباس قال: دخلت عايشة على رسول الله وهو يقبل فاطمة فقالت له: أتحبها يارسول الله؟ قال أما والله لو علمت حبي لها لازددت لها حبا،

And by this chain, from Muhammad Bin Zakariyya, narrated by Umar Bin Umran, from Ubeydullah Bin Musa Al Absy, from Jabalat Al Makky, from Tawoos Al Yamani, from Ibn Abbas who said,

‘Ayesha came over to Rasool-Allah-saww and he-saww was kissing (his daughter Syeda) Fatima-asws. So she said to him-saww: ‘You-saww seem to love her-asws a lot, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘By Allah-azwj! If you knew my-saww love for her-asws, it would increase your love for her-asws.

انه لما عرج بى إلى السماء الرابعة اذن جبرئيل وأقام ميكائيل ثم قيل لي اذن يا محمد، فقلت: أتقدم وانت بحضرتي يا جبرئيل؟ قال نعم ان الله عز وجل فضل أنبيائه المرسلين على ملائكته المقربين وفضلك أنت خاصة، فدنوت فصليت باهل السماء الرابعة ثم إلتفت عن يميني فإذا أنا بابراهيم ” ع ” في روضة من رياض الجنة وقد اكتنفها جماعة من الملائكة

When I-saww ascended to the fourth sky, Jibraeel-as called the call for Prayer (Azan) and Mikaeel-as for establishing of it (Iqama), then said to me-saww: ‘O Muhammad-saww, proceed (to lead the Prayer)’. So I-saww said: ‘I-saww proceed, and you-as are in my-saww presence, O Jibraeel-as?’ He-as said: ‘Yes! Allah-azwj Preferred His-azwj Prophets-as, the Rasools-as over the Angels of Proximity, and Preferred you-saww in particular’. So I-saww approached, and Prayed with the inhabitants of the fourth sky. Then I-saww turned to my-saww right, and there I-saww was with Ibrahim-as in a Garden from the Gardens of the Paradise, and a group of the Angels had surrounded him-as.

ثم أنى صرت إلى السماء الخامسة ومنها إلى السادسة فنوديت يا محمد نعم الاب أبوك إبراهيم ونعم الاخ أخوك علي

Then I-saww went to the fifth sky, and from it to the sixth. So, there was a Call: ‘O Muhammad-saww! The best of the fathers is your-saww father Ibrahim-as, and the best of the brothers is your-saww brother Ali-asws’.

فلما صرت إلى الحجب أخذ جبرئيل ” ع ” بيدي فادخلني الجنة فإذا أنا بشجرة من نور أصلها ملكان يطويان الحلل والحلى، فقلت حبيبي جبرئيل لمن هذه الشجرة؟ فقال هذه لاخيك علي بن أبى طالب وهذان الملكان يطويان له الحلى والحلل إلى يوم القيامة،

So when I-saww went to the Veils, Jibraeel-as grabbed my-saww hand and entered me-saww into the Paradise. So there I-saww was, by a tree whose roots were of Light, two Angels folding garments and ornaments. So I-saww said: ‘My-saww beloved Jibraeel-as! For whom is this tree?’ So he-as said: ‘This is for your-saww brother-asws Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and these are two Angels folding for him-asws, the garments and the ornaments up to the Day of Judgement’.

ثم تقدمت أمامى فإذا أنا برطب ألين من الزبد وأطيب رائحة من المسك واحلى من العسل فاخذت رطبة فاكلتها فتحولت الرطبة نطفة في صلبى فلما ان هبطت إلى الارض واقعت خديجة بفاطمة ففاطمة حوراء انسية فإذا اشتقت إلى الجنة شممت رائحة فاطمة (عليها السلام).

Then I-saww proceeded in front of me-saww, so there I-saww was by dates softer than the butter, and more aromatic in fragrance than musk, and sweeter than the honey. So I-saww took a date and ate it. So the date transformed into a Gift within me-saww. So when I-saww descended to the earth, Khadeeja-as was Blessed with Fatima-asws. Thus, Fatima-asws is a human Hourie. So when I-saww desire for the Paradise, I-saww smell the fragrance of Fatima-asws’.[111]

(باب 148 – العلة التى من أجلها غسل فاطمة أمير المؤمنين لما توفيت)

Chapter 148 – The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineen-asws washed Syeda Fatima-asws when she-asws was Martyred

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنى احمد بن ادريس قال: حدثنا احمد بن محمد ابن عيسى، عن احمد بن محمد بن أبى نصر، عن عبد الرحمان بن سالم، عن المفضل ابن عمر قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” جعلت فداك من غسل فاطمة عليها السلام قال ذاك أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” قال فكأني استعظمت ذلك من قوله فقال كأنك ضقت مما اخبرتك به قلت قد كان ذلك جعلت فداك قال: لا تضيقن فانها صديقة لا يغسلها إلا صديق أما علمت ان مريم لم يغسلها إلا عيسى عليه السلام.

My father said, ‘Ahmad Bin Idrees narrated to me, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Isa, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Abdul Rahman Bin Salim, from Al Mufazzal Ibn Umar who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Who washed Fatima-asws’. He-asws said: ‘That was Amir Al-Momineen-asws’. He (the narrator) said, ‘I was aggrieved by that, from his-asws words’. So he-asws said: ‘It is as if you are constricted from what I-asws have informed you with’. I said, ‘It was like that, may I be sacrificed for you-asws’. He-asws said: ‘Do not be constricted, for she-asws was a Truthful, none could wash her-asws except for a Truthful. But, do you know that Maryam-as, none washed her-asws except for Isa-as?’[112]

(باب 151 – العلة التى من أجلها أمر خالد بن الوليد بقتل أمير المؤمنين ” ع “)

Chapter 151 – The reason due to which Khalid Bin Waleed was ordered with the murder of Amir Al Momineen-asws

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم، عن أبيه، عن ابن أبى عمير عمن ذكره عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: لما منع أبو بكر فاطمة عليها السلام فدكا وأخرج وكيلها جاء أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” إلى المسجد وأبو بكر جالس وحوله المهاجرون والانصار

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from the one who mentioned it,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘When Abu Bakr prevented Fadak from Syeda Fatima-asws and threw out her-asws representatives (from it), Amir Al-Momineen-asws came to the Masjid, and Abu Bakr was seated, and around him were the Emigrants and the Helpers.

فقال يا أبا بكر لم منعت فاطمة عليها السلام ما جعله رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لها ووكيلها فيه منذ سنين؟ فقال أبو بكر: هذا فئ للمسلمين فإن أتت بشهود عدول وإلا فلا حق لها فيه قال يا أبا بكر تحكم فينا بخلاف ما تحكم في المسلمين؟ قال، لا قال اخبرني لو كان في يد المسلمين شئ فادعيت انا فيه ممن كنت تسأل البينة؟ قال إياك كنت أسأل قال فإذا كان في يدي شئ فادعى فيه المسلمون تسألني فيه البينة؟ قال فسكت أبو بكر،

So he-asws said: ‘O Abu Bakr! Why did you prevent Fatima-asws from what Rasool-Allah-saww had made it to be for her-asws, and she-asws had her-asws representatives there since the last two years?’ So Abu Bakr said, ‘This is ‘Fey’ (war booty) for the Muslims. So if she-asws were to come with just witnesses (then fine) or else there is no right for her-asws with regards to it’. He-asws said: ‘O Abu Bakr! You are judging regarding us opposite to what you judge with regards to the (rest of the) Muslims?’ He said, ‘No’.

He-asws said: ‘Inform me, if something were to be in the hands of the Muslims, and I-asws were to make a claim with regards to it, so from whom would you be asking for the proof?’ He said, ‘It is from you-asws that I shall ask’. He-asws said: ‘So if there was something which was in my-asws hands, and the Muslims are making a claim on it, you are now asking me-asws for the proof?’ He-asws said: ‘So Abu Bakr was silent.

فقال عمر هذا فئ للمسلمين ولسنا من خصومتك في شئ، فقال أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” لابي بكر يا أبا بكر تقر بالقرآن؟ قال بلى، قال فاخبرني عن قول الله عز وجل: (إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيرا) أفينا أو في غيرنا نزلت؟ قال فيكم،

So Umar said, ‘This is ‘Fey’ (war booty) for the Muslims, and we are not going to dispute with you-asws anything with regards to it’. So Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to Abu Bakr: ‘Do you acknowledge the Quran?’ He said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘So, inform me-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [33:33] But rather, Allah Desires to Keep away the uncleanness from you, O people of the House! And to Purify you a with a Purification, was it Revealed regarding us-asws or others?’ He said, ‘Regarding you-asws’.  

قال فاخبرني لو ان شاهدين من المسلمين شهدا على فاطمة عليها السلام بفاحشة ما كنت صانعا؟ قال كنت أقيم عليها الحد كما أقيم على نساء المسلمين، قال كنت اذن عند الله من الكافرين قال ولم؟ قال لانك كنت ترد شهادة الله وتقبل شهادة غيره لان الله عز وجل قد شهد لها بالطهارة فإذا رددت شهادة الله وقبلت شهادة غيره كنت عند الله من الكافرين،

He-asws said: ‘If two witnesses from the Muslims were to testify against Fatima-asws for the immorality, what would you do?’ He said, ‘I shall establishment the Limit (punishment) upon her-asws just as I would against the Muslim women’. He-asws said: ‘Then you are from the Infidels, in the Presence of Allah-azwj’. He said, ‘And why?’ He-asws said: ‘Because you would have refuted the Testimony of Allah-azwj and would be accepting the testimony of others, because Allah-azwj has already Testified for her-asws Purification. So if you were to refute the Testimony of Allah-azwj and accept the testimony of others, you would be, in the Presence of Allah-azwj, from the Infidels’.

قال فبكى الناس وتفرقوا ودمدموا، فلما رجع أبو بكر إلى منزله بعث إلى عمر فقال ويحك يابن الخطاب اما رأيت عليا وما فعل بنا والله لئن قعد مقعدا آخر ليفسدن هذا الامر علينا ولا نتهنأ بشئ مادام حيا قال عمر: ماله إلا خالد بن الوليد

He-asws said: ‘So the people wept, and dispersed with tears in their eyes. So when Abu Bakr returned to his house, sent for Umar, so he said, ‘Woe be unto you, O son of Khataab! But, did you not see Ali-asws and what he-asws did with us? By Allah-azwj! If he-asws were to sit in another gathering, he-asws would spoil this matter (Caliphate) against us, and we would not be welcome with anything for as long as we are alive’. Umar said, ‘What is for him-asws except for Khalid Bin Waleed’.

فبعثوا إليه فقال له أبو بكر نريد أن نحملك على أمر عظيم قال احملني على ما شئت ولو على قتل علي، قال فهو قتل علي، قال فصر بجنبه فإذا أنا سلمت فاضرب عنقه

So they sent for him, and Abu Bakr said to him, ‘We want to burden you with a great matter’. He said, ‘Burden me whatever you so desire to, even for the murder of Ali-asws’. He said, ‘So it is the murder of Ali-asws’. He said, ‘So be at his-asws side. When I greet (finish the Prayer), so strike his-asws neck’.

فبعثت اسماء بنت عميس وهي أم محمد بن أبى بكر خادمتها فقالت اذهبي إلى فاطمة فاقرئيها السلام فإذا دخلت من الباب فقولي (ان الملا يأتمرون بك ليقتلوك فاخرج إنى لك من الناصحين) فإن فهمتها وإلا فاعيديها مرة أخرى فجاءت فدخلت وقالت ان مولاتي تقول: يا بنت رسول الله كيف أنتم، ثم قرأت هذه الآية (ان الملا يأتمرون بك ليقتلوك) الاية

So Asma Bint Umays, and she is the mother of Muhammad Bin Abu Bakr-ra, called her maid and said, ‘Go to Fatima-asws and convey my greetings to her-asws. So when she-asws enters you into the door, so say, ‘[28:20] Surely the assembly is ordering for killing you, therefore depart; surely I am of those who wish well to you’. So if she-asws understands it, (fine), or otherwise repeat it to her-asws once again’. So she came, and entered, and said, ‘My mistress is saying, ‘O daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! How are you-asws?’ Then she recited this Verse [28:20] Surely the assembly is ordering for killing you – the Verse.

فلما أرادت ان تخرج قرأتها فقال لها أمير المؤمنين اقرأي مولاتك منى السلام وقولي لها ان الله عز وجل يحول بينهم وبين ما يريدون ان شاء الله،

So when she wanted to leave, she recited it (again). So Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to her: ‘Convey greetings from me-asws to your mistress, and say to her, ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Turn around what is between them and between what they are intending for, if Allah-azwj so Desires it’.

فوقف خالد بن الوليد بجنبه فلما أراد ان يسلم لم يسلم وقال يا خالد لا تفعل ما أمرتك السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته فقال أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” ماهذا الامر الذي أمرك به ثم نهاك قبل ان يسلم: قال أمرنى بضرب عنقك وإنما امرني بعد التسليم، فقال أو كنت فاعلا؟ فقال إي والله لو لم ينهنى لفعلت،

So Khalid Bin Al-Waleed paused by his-asws side, intending him (Abu Bakr) to greet (for finishing the Prayer). But he did not greet, and said, ‘O Khalid! Do not do what I had ordered you with! (and greeted) Peace be upon you, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings’. So Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘What is this order which he had ordered you with, then prevented you before he greeted?’ He said, ‘He had ordered me with the striking of your-asws neck. But rather, he had ordered me (to do it) after the greeting’. So he-asws said: ‘Or you would have done it?’ So he said, ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj! Had he not prevented me, I would have done it’.

قال: فقام أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” فاخذ بمجامع ثوب خالد ثم ضرب به الحائط وقال لعمر: يابن صهاك والله لو لا عهد من رسول الله وكتاب من الله سبق لعلمت اينا اضعف جندا وأقل عددا.

The Imam-asws said: ‘So Amir Al-Momineen-asws stood up, seized the clothes of Khalid, then hit him at the wall, and said to Umar; ‘O son of Zahaak! By Allah-azwj! Had I-asws not taken an oath from Rasool-Allah-saww, and had the Book of Allah-azwj not been in front of me-asws, you would have known where the weaker armies and the fewer numbers are’.[113]

(باب 152 – علة إثبات الائمة صلوات الله عليهم)

Chapter 152 – Reason for the affirmation of the Imams-asws (as being Proofs of Allah-azwj)

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن يعقوب بن يزيد عن صفوان بن يحيى، عن منصور بن حازم قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” انى ناظرت قوما فقلت ألستم تعلمون ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله هو الحجة من الله على الخلق فحين ذهب رسول الله من كان الحجة من بعده فقالوا القرآن فنظرت في القرآن فإذا هو يخاصم فيه المرجئ، والحروري والزنديق الذي لا يؤمن حتى يغلب الرجل خصمه فعرفت ان القرآن لا يكون حجة إلا بقيم فما قال فيه من شى كان حقا

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Mansour Bin Hazim who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘I looked at a group of people, so I said, ‘Are you all not knowing that Rasool-Allah-saww, he-saww is the Proof from Allah-azwj over His-azwj creatures. So when Rasool-Allah-saww went away, who was the Proof from after him-saww?’ So they said, ‘The Quran’. So I looked into the Quran, so it is that with regards to which the Murjiites, and the Harouriya, and the Zindeeq (Atheists) are disputing, and they do not believe until the man who is disputing, overcomes. So I recognised that the Quran cannot become a Proof except with a caretaker for it, so that whatever he would say with regards to anything in it, it would be true.

قلت لهم فمن قيم القرآن؟ قالوا قد كان عبد الله بن مسعود وفلان يعلم وفلان، قلت كله؟ قالوا لا فلم أجد أحدا يقال له انه يعرف ذلك كله إلا علي بن أبى طالب ” ع ” وإذا كان الشئ بين القوم، قال هذا لاأدرى وقال هذا لا أدرى وقال هذا لا أدرى وقال هذا أنا أدرى، فاشهد ان علي بن أبى طالب كان قيم القرآن وكانت طاعته مفروضة وكان حجة بعد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله على الناس كلهم وانه ما قال في القرآن فهو حق، فقال رحمك الله،

I said to them, ‘So who is the caretaker of the Quran?’ They said, ‘Abdullah Bin Masoud used to know, and so and so (also) knew, and so and so’. I said, ‘(They knew) all of it?’ They said, ‘No. We did not find anyone who said that he knew all of that except for Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. So when there used to be something in between the people, this one said, ‘I don’t know’, and this one said, ‘I don’t know’, and this one (Ali-asws) said, ‘I do know’. So I testified that Ali-asws in Abu Talib-asws was the caretaker of the Quran, and that obedience to him-asws was Obligatory, and he-asws was the Proof after Rasool-Allah-saww upon the people, all of them, and whatever he-asws said with regards to the Quran, so it is truth’. So he-asws (the Imam-asws) said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you’.

فقبلت رأسه، وقلت: ان علي بن أبى طالب لم يذهب حتى ترك حجة من بعده كما ترك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله حجة من بعده، وان الحجة من بعد علي ” ع ” الحسن بن علي ” ع ” واشهد على الحسن بن علي ” ع ” انه كان الحجة وان طاعته مفترضة فقال رحمك الله

So I kissed his-asws forehead and said, ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws did not go away until he-asws left a Proof from after him-asws, just as Rasool-Allah-saww left a Proof from after him-saww, and that the Proof from after Ali-asws, is Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws, and that I testify upon Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws that he-asws was the Proof, and that obedience to him-asws was Obligatory’. So he-asws (the Imam-asws) said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you’.

فقبلت رأسه وقلت: اشهد على الحسن بن علي انه لم يذهب حتى ترك حجة من بعده كما ترك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وأبوه صلى الله عليهما وان الحجة من بعد الحسن الحسين بن علي عليهما السلام وكانت طاعته مفترضة فقال رحمك الله

So I kissed his-asws forehead and said, ‘I testify that Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws did not go away until he-asws left a Proof from after him-asws just as Rasool-Allah-saww and his-asws father-asws had left, and that the Proof from after Al-Hassan-asws, is Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, and that obedience to him-asws was Obligatory’. He-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you’.

فقبلت رأسه وقلت واشهد على الحسين ابن علي ” ع ” انه لم يذهب حتى ترك حجة من بعده وكان الحجة من بعده علي ابن الحسين ” ع ” وكانت طاعته مفترضة، فقال رحمك الله

So I kissed his-asws forehead, and said, ‘And I testify that Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws did not go away until he-asws left a Proof from after him-asws and that the Proof from after him-asws was Ali-asws` Bin Al-Husayn-asws, and that obedience to him-asws was Obligatory’. So he-asws (the Imam-asws) said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you’.

فقبلت رأسه وقلت أشهد على علي بن الحسين انه لم يذهب حتى ترك حجة من بعده وان الحجة من بعده محمد بن على أبو جعفر وكانت طاعته مفترضة فقال رحمك الله

So I kissed his-asws forehead and said, ‘I testify that Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws did not go away until he-asws left a Proof from after him-asws, and that the Proof from after him-asws was Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Abu Ja’far-asws, and that obedience to him-asws was Obligatory’. So he-asws (the Imam-asws) said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you’.

قلت اصلحك الله اعطني رأسك فقبلت رأسه فضحك فقلت اصلحك الله قد علمت ان أباك لم يذهب حتى ترك حجة من بعده كما ترك أبوه فاشهد بالله إنك أنت الحجة من بعده وان طاعتك مفترضة، فقال: كف رحمك الله، قلت: اعطني رأسك اقبله فضحك، قال: سلنى عما شئت فلا انكرك بعد اليوم ابدا.

I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! Give me your-asws forehead’. So I kissed his-asws forehead. So he-asws smiled. So I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! You-asws know that your-asws father-asws did not go away until he-asws had left a Proof from after him-asws, just as his-asws father had left. So I testify that you-asws are the Proof from after him-asws, and that obedience to you-asws is Obligatory’.

So he-asws (the Imam-asws) said: ‘Restrain (yourself)! May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you’. I said, ‘Give me your-asws forehead, so that I can kiss it’. So he-asws smiled, and said: ‘Ask me-asws about whatever you so like to, so I-asws will not deny you after today, ever’.[114]

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Ismail Bin Marar, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub who said,

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا ابراهيم بن هاشم قال: حدثنا اسماعيل بن مرار قال: حدثنى يونس بن عبد الرحمان، عن يونس بن يعقوب قال: كان عند أبى عبد الله ” ع ” جماعة من أصحابه فيهم: حمران بن أعين، ومؤمن الطاق، وهشام بن سالم، والطيار، وجماعة من أصحابه فيهم: هشام بن الحكم وهو شاب، فقال أبو عبد الله يا هشام قال: لبيك يابن رسول الله، قال: ألا تخبرني كيف صنعت بعمرو بن عبيد وكيف سألته؟ قال هشام: جعلت فداك يابن رسول الله انى اجلك واستحييك ولا يعمل لساني بين يديك فقال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” إذا امرتكم بشئ فافعلوه.

‘In the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws, there was group of his-asws companions. Among them were – Hamran Bin Ayn, and Momin Al-Taaq, and Hisham Bin Saalim, and Al-Tayaar, and a (another) group of his-asws companions among who was Hisham Bin Al-Hakam, and he was a youth. So Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘O Hisham!’ He said, ‘At your service, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! He-asws said: ‘Will you not inform me-asws how you dealt with Amro Bin Ubeyd, and how you asked him?’ Hisham said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, O son-asws Rasool-Allah-saww! I am all for you-asws, but I was embarrassed from you-asws and my tongue does not work in front of you-asws’. So Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When I-asws order you for something, so do it’.

قال هشام: بلغني ماكان فيه عمرو بن عبيد وجلوسه في مسجد البصرة وعظم ذلك علي فخرجت إليه ودخلت البصرة يوم الجمعة فاتيت مسجد البصرة فإذا أنا بحلقة كبيرة وإذا انا بعمرو بن عبيد وعليه شملة سوداء متزر بها من صوف وشملة مرتد بها والناس يسألونه فاستفرجت الناس فافرجوا لي ثم قعدت في آخر القوم على ركبتي ثم قلت: أيها العالم انارجل غريب تأذن لي فاسألك عن مسأله؟ فقال نعم، قلت له: اولك عين يا بنى أي شئ هذا من السؤال وشئ تراه كيف تسأل عنه فقلت هكذا مسألتي فقال يا بنى سل وان كانت مسألتك حمقاء قلت أجبني فيها قال: فقال لي سل

Hisham said, ‘(The news) reached me that Amro Bin Ubeyd and his gathering were in Masjid Al-Basra, and that was grievous upon me. So I went out to him and entered Al-Basra on the day of Friday. So I came up to Masjid Al-Basra, and there was a large circle, and upon him was a black woollen gown, and black trousers, and the people were asking him. I asked the people to make way for me, so they made a way for me. Then I seated myself upon my knees at the end of the people. Then I said, ‘O you scholar! I am a stranger. Do you permit me so that I can ask you a question?’ So he said, ‘Yes’. I said to him, ‘Have you got eyes?’ So he said, ‘O my son! Which thing is this, from the questions, and it is a thing you can see it, how come you are questioning about it?’ So I said, ‘My question is like this’. So he said, ‘O my son! Ask, even though your question is foolish’. I said, ‘Answer me with regards to it’. So he said, ‘Ask’.

قال: قلت ألك عين قال نعم قال قلت فما ترى بها قال ارى بها الالوان والاشخاص قال: قلت فلك أنف قال نعم قلت فما تصنع به قال اشم به الرائحة قال: قلت ألك فم قال نعم قال: قلت فما تصنع به قال أعرف به المطاعم على اختلافها قال: قلت ألك لسان قال نعم قلت فما تصنع به قال اتكلم به قال: قلت ألك اذن قال نعم قال: قلت فما تصنع بها قال اسمع بها الاصوات قال قلت ألك يدان قال نعم قال: قلت فما تصنع بهما قال أبطش بهما واعرف بهما اللين من الخشن قال: قلت ألك رجلان قال نعم قال: قلت فما تصنع بهما قال انتقل بهما من مكان إلى مكان قال: قلت ألك قلب قال نعم قال: قلت فما تصنع به قال اميز به كلما ورد على هذه الجوارح

He (Hisham) said, ‘I said, ‘Do you have eyes?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you see with these?’ He said, ‘I see the colours and the persons with these’. I said, ‘Do you have a nose?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with it?’ He said, ‘I smell the fragrances with it’. I said, ‘Do you have a mouth?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with it?’ He said, ‘I recognise the food upon its varieties’. I said, ‘Do you have a tongue?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘What do you do with it?’ He said, ‘I speak by it’. I said, ‘Do you have ears?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with these?’ He said, ‘I hear the sounds with these’. I said, ‘Do you have two hands?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with these two?’ He said, ‘I differentiate the soft and the harsh from these two’. I said, ‘Do you have two feet?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with these two’. He said, ‘I move from a place to a place with these two’. I said, ‘Do you have a heart?’ He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So what do you do with it?’ He said, ‘I differentiate by it, everything which these body parts refer to me’.

قال: قلت أفليس في هذه الجوارح غنى عن القلب قال لا، قلت: وكيف ذلك وهي صحيحة سليمة قال يا بنى إن الجوارح إذا شكت في شئ شمته أو رأته أو ذاقته أو سمعته ردته إلى القلب فيستيقن اليقين ويبطل الشك قال: قلت فانما اقام الله القلب لشك الجوارح قال نعم قال: قلت فلابد من القلب وإلا لم تستيقن الجوارح قال نعم

I said, ‘So, are these body parts not needless of heart?’ He said, ‘No’. I said, ‘And how can that be, and it is true and sound’. He said, ‘O my son! The body parts, if there is any doubt regarding something I smell, or see, or taste, or hear, it gets referred to the heart, so it gives it certainty and invalidates the doubt’. I said, ‘So, it looks like Allah-azwj has Established the heart (to invalidate) the doubts of the body parts’. He said, ‘Yes’. I said, ‘Thus, it is inevitable for the heart to be there, otherwise the body parts would not achieve certainty’. He said, ‘Yes’.

قال قلت له يا أبا مروان ان الله لم يترك جوارحك حتى جعل لها إماما يصحح لها الصحيح وتتيقن به ما شككت فيه ويترك هذا الخلق كلهم في حيرتهم وشكهم واختلافهم لا يقيم لهم إماما يردون إليه شكهم وحيرتهم ويقيم لك إماما لجوارحك ترد إليه حيرتك وشكك قال فسكت، ولم يقل لي شيئا

I said to him, ‘O Abu Marwan! Allah-azwj has not Left the body parts until He-azwj Made an Imam to correct these and certainty can be achieved by it from what is doubtful, and He-azwj would Leave this creation, all of them, in their confusion, and their doubts, and their differing, and would not Establish an Imam-asws for them, for they to refer their doubts, and their confusions, and He-azwj has Established an Imam for your body parts for your to refer your confusion, and your doubt?’ He was silent, and did not say anything to me’.

قال ثم التفت إلي فقال: أنت هشام فقلت لا فقال لي بالله ألست هو فقلت لا فقال أمن جلسائه قلت لا، قال فمن أين انت؟ قلت من أهل الكوفة قال: فإذا انت هو قال ثم ضمنى إليه واقعدني في مجلسه وزال عن مجلسه وما نطق حتى قمت:

He (Hisham) said, ‘Then he turned towards me, so he said, ‘Are you Hisham?’ So I said, ‘No’. So he said, so me, ‘Swear by Allah-azwj that you are not him?’ So I said, ‘No’. So he said, ‘Are you from those who sit with him?’ I said, ‘No’. He said, ‘So, where are you from?’ I said, ‘From the people of Al-Kufa’. He said, ‘So then, you are him’. Then he embraced me, and made me to be seated in his seat, and moved away from his seat, and did not speak until he arose and left’.

فضحك أبو عبد الله ” ع ” ثم قال يا هشام من علمك هذا؟ قال: فقلت يابن رسول الله جرى على لساني، قال يا هشام هذا والله مكتوب في صحف إبراهيم وموسى.

So, Abu Abdullah-asws smiled, then said: ‘O Hisham! Who has taught you this?’ He said, ‘I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! It flowed upon my tongue’. He-asws said: ‘O Hisham! By Allah-azwj! This is written in the Parchments of Ibrahim-as and Musa-as’.[115]

(باب 153 – العلة التى من أجلها لا تخلو الأرض من حجة) (الله عز وجل على خلقه)

Chapter 153 – The reason due to which the earth would not be empty from a Proof-asws of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic over His-azwj creatures

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن محمد بن سنان، عن نعمان الرازي قال: كنت جالسا انا وبشير الدهان عند أبى عبد الله ” ع ” فقال: لما انقضت نبوة آدم وانقطع اكله أوحى الله عز وجل إليه ان يا آدم قد انقضت نبوتك وانقطع اكلك فانظر إلى ما عندك من العلم والايمان وميراث النبوة واثرة العلم والاسم الاعظم فاجعله في العقب من ذريتك عند هبة الله فانى لم ادع الارض بغير عالم يعرف به طاعتي وديني ويكون نجاة لمن أطاعه،

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Noman Al Razy who said,

‘I and Bashir Al-Dahaan were seated in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws, so he-asws said: ‘When the Prophet-hood of Adam-as expired, and his-as eating (consumption) was cut-off, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto him-as: “O Adam-as! Your-as Prophet-hood has expired, and your-as consumption has been cut-off, so look as what is in your-as presence, from the Knowledge, and the Eman (belief), and the inheritance of the Prophet-hood, and the effects of the Knowledge (Ahadeeth), and the Magnificent Name – so make these to be in the posterity from your-as offspring, with Hibbatullah-as, for I-azwj never Leave the earth without a Scholar-as by whom obedience to Me-azwj would be recognised, and My-azwj Religion, and for there to be salvation for the one who obeys him-as”.[116]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن هشام بن سالم عن أبى اسحاق الهمداني قال: حدثنى الثقة من أصحابنا انه سمع أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” يقول: اللهم لاتخل الارض من حجة لك على خلقك ظاهر أو خاف مغمور لئلا تبطل حججك وبيناتك.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Hisham Bin Saalim, from Abu Is’haq Al Hamdany who said,

‘The reliable one from our companions narrated to me having heard Amir Al-Momineen-asws saying: ‘O Allah-azwj! Do not Leave the earth to be devoid of one who is a Proof for You-azwj over Your-azwj creatures, be it apparent, or obscured out of fear, lest Your-saww Arguments and Proofs be invalidated’.[117]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى، عن محمد بن الحسن بن أبى الخطاب عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن يعقوب السراج قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” تبقى الارض بلا عالم حي ظاهر يفزع إليه الناس في حلالهم وحرامهم؟ فقال لي إذا لا يعبد الله يا أبا يوسف.

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Yaqoub Al Siraj who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Does the earth ever remain without a living Scholar-asws in the apparent, the people can refer to him-asws with regards to their Permissibles and their Prohibitions?’ So he-asws said to me: ‘If that (is the case), Allah-azwj would not be worshipped, O Abu Yusuf!’[118]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد عن محمد بن سنان وصفوان بن يحيى وعبد الله بن المغيرة وعلي بن النعمان كلهم عن عبد الله بن مسكان، عن أبى بصير، عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: ان الله لا يدع الارض إلا وفيها عالم يعلم الزيادة والنقصان فإذا زاد المؤمنون شيئا ردهم وإذا نقصوا أكمله لهم

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Muhammad Bin Sinan and Safwan Bin Yahya and Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira and Ali Bin Al Noman, all of them, from Abu Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Abu Baseer,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Allah-azwj does not Leave the earth except that there is a Scholar-asws therein who knows the excesses and the deficiencies. So when the Believers exceed in something, he-asws returns them, and when they are deficient (in something) he-asws completes it for them’.

فقال: خذوه كاملا ولو لاذلك لالتبس على المؤمنين أمرهم، ولم يفرق بين الحق والباطل.

So he-asws said: ‘Take these (Ahadeeth) completely, otherwise the Believers would be confused over their affairs, and they would not be able to differentiate between the truth and the falsehood’.[119]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن محمد بن عيسى، عن محمد بن الفضل، عن أبى حمزة قال قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” تبقى الارض بغير إمام؟ قال لو بقيت الارض بغير إمام لساخت.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazal, from Abu Hamza who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Does the earth remain without an Imam-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘If the earth were to remain without an Imam-asws, it would submerge’.[120]

حدثنا الحسين بن احمد رحمه الله قال: حدثنا احمد بن ادريس، عن عبد الله بن محمد، عن ابن الخشاب، عن جعفر بن محمد، عن كرام قال: قال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” لو كان الناس رجلين لكان أحدهما الامام،

Al Husayn Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Al Khashab, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Karam who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Even if the people (entire human race) would be two men, one of them would be an Imam-asws’.

وقال: ان آخر من يموت الامام لئلا يحتج احدهم على الله عز وجل تركه بغير حجة لله عليه.

And he-asws said: ‘The last one to die would be the Imam-asws, lest the other one would argue that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Left him without a Proof-asws of Allah-azwj over him’.[121]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن الحسن بن موسى الخشاب عن عبد الرحمان بن أبى نجران، عن عبد الكريم وغيره عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” ان جبرئيل نزل على محمد صلى الله عليه وآله يخبر عن ربه عز وجل فقال له يا محمد لم اترك الارض إلا وفيها عالم يعرف طاعتي وهداي، ويكون نجاة فيما بين قبض النبي إلى خروج النبي الآخر ولم اكن اترك ابليس يضل الناس وليس في الارض حجة وداع إلي وهاد إلى سبيلى وعارف بامرى وانى قد قضيت لكل قوم هاديا أهدى به السعداء ويكون حجة على الاشقياء.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Musa Al Khashab, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran, from Abdul Kareem and someone else,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Jibraeel-as descended unto Muhammad-saww with news from his-saww Lord-azwj, so he-as said to him-saww: ‘O Muhammad-saww! I-azwj never Leave except that therein is a Scholar-asws by whom obedience to Me-azwj is recognised and My-azwj Guidance, and he-asws becomes a saviour with regards to what is between the passing away of a Prophet-as to the coming out of another Prophet-as, and I-azwj cannot Leave Iblees-la to stray the people and there is no Proof-asws in the earth who calls to Guidance and My-azwj Way, and by whom My-azwj Commands are recognised, and I-azwj have Judged for there to be a Guide for every people, Guiding the happy ones and becoming a Proof over the wretched’.[122]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن محمد بن عيسى، عن سعد بن أبى خلف، عن الحسن بن زياد عن أبى عبد الله ” ع “: قال: الارض لا تكون إلا وفيها عالم يصلحهم ولا يصلح الناس إلا ذلك.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Sa’ad Bin Abu Khalaf, from Al Hassan Bin Ziyad,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The earth will not be in a state that there would not be a Scholar-asws therein, who corrects (the affairs of) the people, and the people cannot be corrected except by that’.[123]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسين رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، محمد بن عيسى، عن صفوان بن يحيى، عن ابن مسكان، عن الحسن بن زياد، عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: لا يصلح الناس إلا بامام ولا تصلح الارض إلا بذلك.

Muhammad Bin Al Husayn narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Safwann Bin Yahya, from Ibn Muskan, from Al Hassan Bin Ziyad,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The (affairs of the) people cannot be corrected except by an (Infallible) Imam-asws, and the earth cannot be corrected except by that’.[124]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن محمد بن عيسى عن محمد بن سنان عن أبى عمارة بن الطيار قال: سمعت ابا عبد الله ” ع ” يقول: لو لم يبق في الارض إلا رجلان لكان احدهما الحجة.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bi nSinan, from Abu Amar Bin Al Tayar who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘If there do not remain in the earth except for two men, one of the two would be the Proof-asws’.[125]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن محمد بن عيسى رفعه إلى أبى حمزة، عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” قال: والله ما ترك الله الارض منذ قبض الله آدم إلا وفيها إمام يهتدى به إلى الله وهو حجة الله على عباده، ولا تبقى الارض بغير حجة لله على عباده.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa, raising it to Abu Hamza,

Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘By Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj has not left the earth, since Allah-azwj Caused Adam-as to pass away, except that therein is an Imam-as who Guides to Allah-azwj, and he-as was the Proof of Allah-azwj over His-azwj creatures, and the earth does not remain without a Proof of Allah-azwj over His-azwj creatures’.[126]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري، عن السندي بن محمد، عن العلا بن رزين، عن محمد بن مسلم عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” قال: لا تبقى الارض بغير إمام ظاهر أو باطن.

My father said, ‘Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al humeyri narrated to us, from Al Siindy Bin Muhammad, from Al A’ala Bin Razeyn, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,

Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘The earth does not remain without an Imam-asws, apparent or hidden’.[127]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري، عن ابراهيم بن هاشم، عن محمد بن حفص عن ميثم بن اسلم عن ذريح المحاربي عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: سمعته يقول، والله ما ترك الله الارض منذ قبض آدم إلا وفيها إمام يهتدى به إلى الله عز وجل وهو حجة الله عز وجل على العباد، من تركه هلك ومن لزمه نجا، حقاعلى الله عز وجل.

My father said, ‘Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Muhammad Bin Hafs, from Maysam Bin Aslam, from Zareeh Al Mahariby,

(The narrator says), ‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘By Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj did not Leave the earth, since the passing away of Adam-as, except that therein is an Imam-as Guiding to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and he-as was the Proof of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic over the servants. The ones who left him-asws perished and the ones who necessitated him-asws (achieved) salvation, (this) being a right upon Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[128]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى عن عبد الله بن محمد بن عيسى عن محمد بن ابراهيم عن زيد الشحام عن داود بن العلا عن أبى حمزة الثمالى قال: قال ما خلت الدنيا منذ خلق الله السموات والارض من امام عدل إلى ان تقوم الساعة حجة لله فيها على خلقه.

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim, from Zayd Al Shaham, from Dawood Bin Al’ala, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘He-asws said: ‘Since Allah-azwj Created the skies and the earth, the world has not been devoid of a Just Imam-asws, and would not be so, until the Establishment of the Hour, not having a Proof of Allah-azwj over His-azwj creatures’.[129]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا محمد ابن الحسين بن أبى الخطاب والهيثم بن أبى مسروق النهدي، عن ابى داود سليمان ابن سفيان المسترق عن احمد بن عمر الخلال عن ابى الحسن قال: قلت تبقى الارض بغير إمام فانا نروى عن أبى عبد الله عليه السلام انه قال: لا تبقي إلا ان يسخط الله على العباد، فقال لا، لا تبقى لو بقيت إذا لساخت.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khattab and Al Haysam Bin Abu Masrouq Al Nahdy, from Abu Dawood Suleyman Ibn Sufyan Al Mastaraq, from Ahmad Bin Umar Al Khalal,

(The narrator says) I said to Abu Al-Hassan-asws, ‘Does the earth remain without an Imam-asws, for we are reporting from Abu Abdullah-asws that he-asws said: ‘It (the earth) will not remain, except that Allah-azwj would be Wrathful over His-azwj creatures?’ So he-asws said: ‘No! It will not remain. If it were to remain, then it would submerge’.[130]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن محمد ابن الحسين بن ابى الخطاب ومحمد بن عيسى بن عبيد، عن محمد بن الفضيل الصيرفي عن ابى حمزة الثمالى قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” تبقى الارض بغير إمام؟ قال لو بقيت بغير إمام لساخت.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab and Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl Al Sayrafi, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Would the earth remain without an Imam-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘If it were to remain without an Imam-asws, it would submerge’.[131]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى وعلي بن اسماعيل بن عيسى عن العباس بن معروف، عن علي بن مهزيا عن محمد بن القاسم عن محمد بن الفضيل عن أبى الحسن الرضا ” ع ” قال: قلت له تكون الارض ولا إمام فيها؟ فقال: لا، إذا لساخت بأهلها.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa and Ali Bin Ismail Bin Isa, from Al abbas Bin Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziya, from Muhammad Bin Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, ‘Will the earth ever become such that there would not be an Imam-asws in it?’ So he-asws said: ‘No! Then it would submerge along with its inhabitants’.[132]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله بن محمد بن الحسين بن أبى الخطاب عن النضر بن سويد عن محمد بن الفضيل عن ابى حمزة الثمالي قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” تبقى الارض بغير إمام؟ فقال: لا، لو بقيت الارض بغير إمام لساخت

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Would the earth remain without an Imam-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘If the earth were to remain without an Imam-asws, it would submerge’.[133]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن عباد بن سليمان عن سعد بن سعد الاشعري عن احمد بن عمر عن ابى الحسن الرضا ” ع ” قال: قلت له هل تبقى الارض بغير إمام؟ قال لا، قلت: فانا نروي عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” انه قال: لا تبقى الارض بغير إمام إلا أن يسخط الله على العباد، فقال لا تبقى اذن لساخت.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Abaad Bin Suleyman, from Sa’ad Bin Sa’ad Al Ash’ary, from Ahmad Bin Umar,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, ‘Would the earth remain without an Imam-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘No!’ I said, ‘As, we are reporting from Abu Abdullah-asws that he-asws said: ‘The earth would not remain without an Imam-asws except that Allah-azwj would be Wrathful over the servants’. So he-asws said: ‘It ‘would not remain’, then it would submerge’.[134]

حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسرور قال: حدثنا الحسين بن عامر، عن المعلى بن محمد النصرى عن الحسن بن علي الوشا قال: قلت لابي الحسن الرضا ” ع ” هل تبقى الارض بغير إمام؟ فقال لا فقلت إنا نروي انها لا تبقى إلا ان يسخط الله على العباد، فقال لا تبقى اذن لساخت.

Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masrour narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Amaar, from Al Moala Bin Muhammad Al Nasry, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Washa who said,

‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, ‘Would the earth remain without an Imam-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘No!’ So I said, ‘We are reporting that it would not remain except that Allah-azwj would be Wrathful over the servants’. So he-asws said: ‘It ‘would not remain’, but would be submerged’.[135]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن الحسن بن علي الدينوري ومحمد بن احمد بن أبى قتادة، عن احمد بن هلال، عن سعيد بن سليمان ابن جعفر الجعفري قال: سألت الرضا ” ع ” فقلت تخلو الارض من حجة فقال: لو خلت الارض طرفة من حجة لساخت بأهلها.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Daynoury and Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Qatada, from Ahmad Bin Hilal, from Saeed Bin Suleyman Ibn Ja’far Al Ja’fary who said,

‘I asked Al-Reza-asws, so I said, ‘Can the earth be empty from a Proof-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘If the earth were to be empty from a Proof-asws even for the blink (of an eye), it would submerge along with its inhabitants’.[136]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى ومحمد بن الحسين بن ابى الخطاب ومحمد بن عيسى بن عبيد عن محمد بن سنان وعلي بن النعمان عن عبد الله بن مسكان عن أبى بصير عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: ان الله عز وجل لم يدع الارض إلا وفيها عالم يعلم الزيادة والنقصان في الارض فإذا زاد المؤمنون شيئا ردهم وإذا نقصوا اكمله لهم فقال خذوه كاملا ولولا ذلك لالتبس على المؤمنين امورهم ولم يفرقوا بين الحق والباطل.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa and Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab and Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Muhammad Bin Sinan and Ali Bin Al Noman, from Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Baseer,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic never Leaves the earth except that there is in it a Scholar-asws who knows the excesses and the deficiencies in the earth. So if the Believers exceed in something, he-asws returns them, and if they are deficient (in something), he-asws completes it for them’. And he-asws said: ‘Take these (Ahadeeth) completely, and had it not been for these, the affairs of the Believers would be confusing upon them, and they would not be able to differentiate between the truth and the falsehood’.[137]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن يعقوب بن يزيد عن محمد بن ابى عمير عن منصور بن يونس عن اسحاق بن عمار عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: سمعته يقول ان الارض لا تخلو إلا وفيها عالم كلما زاد المؤمنون شيئا ردهم وان نقصوا شيئا تممه لهم.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Mansour Bin Yunus, from Is’haq Bin Amaar,

(The narrator says) ‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The earth would not be empty except that therein is a Scholar-asws. Every time the Believers exceed in something, he-asws returns them, and if they are deficient in something, he-asws completes it for them’.[138]

حدثنا احمد بن محمد رحمه الله، عن ابيه عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى ومحمد بن عبد الجبار عن عبد الله بن محمد الحجال عن ثعلبة بن ميمون عن اسحاق ابن عمار عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال إن الارض لا تخلو من ان يكون فيها من يعلم الزيادة والنقصان فإذا جاء المسلمون بزيادة طرحها وإذا جاؤا بالنقصان اكمله لهم فلولا ذلك اختلط على المسلمين أمورهم.

Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa and Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Hajaal, from Sa’albat Bin Maymoun, from Is’haq Ibn Amaar,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The earth would not be empty from the one-asws who would be knowing the excesses and the deficiencies. So if the Muslims come with an excess, he-asws would reduce it, and if they came with the deficiency, he-asws would complete it for them. So, had it not been for that, the affairs of the Muslims would be muddled up to them’.[139]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن احمد بن محمد ومحمد ابن عبد الجبار عن محمد بن خالد البرقى عن فضالة بن أيوب عن شعيب عن أبى حمزة قال: قال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” لن تبقى الارض إلا وفيها من يعرف الحق فإذا زاد الناس فيه قال قد زادوا وإذا نقصوا منه قال قد نقصوا وإذا جاؤا به صدقهم ولو لم يكن كذلك لم يعرف الحق من الباطل.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad and Muhammad Ibn Abdul Jabbar, from Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Barqy, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Shuayb, from Abu Hamza who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The earth would never remain except that therein is the one-asws who recognises the truth. So, when the people exceed in it, he-asws would say: ‘You have exceeded’, and when they are deficient, he-asws would say: ‘You are deficient’, and when they come with it (truth), he-asws would ratify them. And had it not been like that, the truth would not be recognised from the falsehood’.[140]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن معبد عن النضر بن سويد عن يحيى بن عمران الحلبي عن شعيب الحذاء عن أبى حمزة الثمالي عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” قال: ان الارض لا تبقى إلا ومنا فيها من يعرف الحق فإذا زاد الناس قال: قد زادوا، وإذا نقصوا منه قال: قد نقصوا، ولولا ان ذلك كذلك لم يعرف الحق من الباطل.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Ma’bad, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya Bin Imran Al Halby, from Shuayb Al Haza’a, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly,

Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘The earth would not remain except that from us-asws would be in it, one-asws who recognises the truth. So when the people exceed (in something), he-asws would say: ‘You have exceeded’. And when the people are deficient (in something), he-asws would say: ‘You have been deficient’. And had that not been like that, the truth would not be recognised from the falsehood’.[141]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن ابيه عن يحيى بن أبى عمران الهمداني عن يونس عن اسحاق بن عمار عن محمد بن مسلم عن أبى مسلم عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” قال: ان الله لم يدع الارض إلا وفيها عالم يعلم الزيادة والنقصان من دين الله تعالى فإذا زاد المؤمنون شيئا ردهم وإذا نقصوا اكمله ولولا ذلك لا لتبس على المسلمين أمرهم.

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Yahya Bin Abu Imran Al Hamdany, from Yunus, from Is’haq Bin Amaar, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, from Abu Muslim,

Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘Allah-azwj does not Leave the earth except that therein is a Scholar-asws who knows the excesses and the deficiencies, from the Religion of Allah-azwj the High. So when the Believers exceed in something, he-asws returns them, and when they are deficient (in something), he-asws completes it for them. And had it not been like, the affairs of the Muslims would be confusing over them’.[142]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد عن علي بن أسباط عن سليم مولى طربال عن اسحاق ابن عمار قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله ” ع ” يقول: ان الارض لن تخلو إلا وفيها عالم كلما زاد المؤمنون شيئا ردهم وإذا انقصوا أكمله لهم فقال خذوه كاملا ولولا ذلك لا لتبس على المؤمنين أمورهم ولم يفرقوا بين الحق والباطل.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated o us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Suleym, a slave of Tarbal, from Is’haq ibn Amaar who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The earth would never be empty except that therein would be a Scholar-asws. Every time the Believers exceed in something, he-asws would return them, and when they are deficient (in something), he-asws would complete it for them’. Then he-asws said: ‘Take these (Ahadeeth) completely. And had it not been that, the affairs of the Believers would be confusing to them, and they would not be able to differentiate in between the truth and the falsehood’.[143]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن يعقوب بن يزيد ومحمد بن عيسى بن عبيد عن محمد بن أبى عمير، عن منصور بن يونس عن اسحاق ابن عمار عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال سمعته يقول ان الارض لا تخلو إلا وفيها عالم كلما زاد المؤمنون شيئا ردهم وان نقصوا شيئا تممه لهم.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed and Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Mansour Bin Yunus, from Is’haq Ibn Amar,

(The narrator says) ‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The earth would not be empty except that there would be in it a Scholar-asws. Every time the Believers exceed in something, he-asws would return them, and if they are deficient (in something) he-asws would re-establish it for them’.[144]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى ومحمد بن عبد الجبار، عن عبد الله بن محمد الحجال عن ثعلبة بن ميمون عن اسحاق بن عمار قال: قال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” الارض لا تخلو من ان يكون فيها من يعلم الزيادة والنقصان فإذا جاء المسلمون بزيادة طرحها وإذا جاؤا بالنقصان اكمله لهم ولو لا ذلك لاختلط على المسلمين امورهم.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa and Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Hajal, from Sa’alba Bin Maymoun, from Is’haq Bin Amaar who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The earth would not be empty from one who would be knowing the excesses and the deficiencies. So when the Muslims come with an excess, he-asws would reduce it, and when they come with the deficiency, he-asws would complete it for them. And had it not be for that, the affairs of the Muslims would be muddled up to them’.[145]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى ومحمد بن عبد الجبار، عن محمد بن خالد البرقي، عن فضالة بن أيوب، عن شعيب الحذاء، عن أبى حمزة الثمالى قال: قال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” لن تبقى الارض إلا وفيها رجل منا يعرف الحق، فإذا زاد الناس فيه قال قد زادوا، وإذا نقصوا قال قد نقصوا، وإذا جاؤا به صدقهم، ولو لم يكن كذلك لم يعرف الحق من الباطل.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa and Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Barqy, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Shuayb Al Haza’a, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The earth would never remain except that therein would be a man from us-asws who recognises the truth. So when the people exceed in it, he-asws would say: ‘You have exceeded’. And when they are deficient, he-asws would say: ‘You are deficient’. And when they come with it (truth), he-asws would ratify them. And had it not been like that, the truth would not be recognised from the falsehood’.[146]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن عيسى ابن عبيد عن علي بن اسماعيل الميثمى، عن ثعلبة بن ميمون، عن عبد الاعلى مولى آل سام عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” قال: سمعته يقول، ما ترك الله الارض بغير عالم ينقص ما زاد الناس، ويزيد ما نقصوا، ولولا ذلك لاختلط على الناس امورهم.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa Ibn Ubeyd, from Ali Bin Ismail Al Maysam, from Sa’alba Bin Maymoun, from Abdul A’la, a slave of the progeny of Saam,

(The narrator says) ‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘Allah-azwj does not Leave the earth without a Scholar-asws who reduces what the people exceed it, and increases what they are deficient it. And had it not been for that, the affairs of the people would be muddled up to them’.[147]

(باب 154 – العلة التى من أجلها سد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الابواب كلها) (إلى المسجد، وترك باب علي عليه السلام)

Chapter 154 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-saww closed all the doors to the Masjid, and left the door of Ali-asws (open)

حدثنا محمد بن احمد الشيباني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبى عبد الله الكوفي قال: حدثنا محمد بن اسماعيل البرمكى قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن احمد عن سليمان بن حفص المروزى، عن عمرو بن ثابت، عن سعد بن طريف، عن سعيد بن جبير، عن ابن عباس قال: لما سد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الابواب الشارعة إلى المسجد إلا باب علي ” ع ” ضج أصحابه من ذلك فقالوا يارسول الله لم سددت ابوابنا وتركت باب هذا الغلام؟ فقال ان الله تبارك وتعالى أمرنى بسد أبوابكم وترك باب علي، فانما انا متبع لما يوحى إلي من ربى.

Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Shaybani narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Barmakky, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad, from Suleyman Bin Hafs Al Marouzy, from Amro Bin Sabit, from Sa’ad Bin Tareyf, from Saeed Bin Jubeyr, from Ibn Abbas who said,

‘When Rasool-Allah-saww closed the doors of the way to the Masjid except for the door of Ali-asws, his-saww companions were in uproar due to that, so they said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Why did you-saww close our doors and left the door of this boy to be open?’ So he-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High Commanded me-saww with the closure of your doors, and to leave open the door of Ali-asws. But rather, I-saww only follow whatever is Revealed unto me-saww from my-saww Lord-azwj’.[148]

حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا جعفر ابن محمد بن مسعود عن ابيه قال حدثنا نصر بن احمد البغدادي قال: حدثنا عيسى ابن مهران قال: حدثنا محول قال: اخبرنا عبد الرحمان بن الاسود، عن محمد بن عبيدالله بن أبى رافع، عن ابيه وعمه، عن أبيهما، عن أبى رافع قال: ان رسول صلى الله عليه وآله خطب الناس فقال: يا أيها الناس، ان الله عز وجل أمر موسى وهارون ان يبنيا لقومها بمصر بيوتا وامرهما ان لا يبيت في مسجد هما جنب ولا يقرب فيه النساء إلا هارون وذريته، وان عليا ” ع ” مني بمنزلة هارون من موسى فلا يحل لاحد ان يقرب النساء في مسجدي ولا يبيت فيه جنب إلا علي وذريته فمن ساءه ذلك فهاهنا، وضرب بيده نحو الشام.

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Masoud, from his father, from Nasr Bin Ahmad Al Baghdady, from Isa Ibn Mahran, from Mahoul, from Abdul Rahma Bin Al Aswad, from Muhammad Bin Ubeydullah Bin Abu Rafi’e, from his father and his uncle, from both their fathes, from Abu Raf’a who said,

‘Rasool-Allah-saww addressed the people, so he-saww said: ‘O you people! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded Musa-as and Haroun-as that they-as should build a house in Egypt, and Commanded both of them-as that no one should sleep in this Masjid of theirs-as, one who is in requirement of a major ablution, nor should anyone go near to the women in it, except for Haroun-as and his-as offspring, and that Ali-asws is from me-saww at the status Haroun-as was from Musa-as. Therefore, is not Permissible for anyone that he should go near to the women in My-azwj Masjid, nor sleep in it one who is in requirement of major ablution, with the exception for Ali-asws and his-asws offspring. So the one who is stung by it, so over there!’ – and he-saww pointed towards Syria’.[149]

حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسعود، عن ابيه قال: حدثنا نصر بن احمد البغدادي قال: حدثنا محمد بن عبيد بن عتبة قال: حدثنا اسماعيل بن أبان عن سالم بن أبى عمرة عن معروف بن خربوذ، عن ابى الطفيل، عن حذيفة بن اسيد الغفاري قال: ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله قام خطيبا فقال: ان رجالا لا يجدون في انفسهم ان اسكن عليا في المسجد واخرجهم، والله ما اخرجتهم واسكنته بل الله اخرجهم واسكنه،

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father, from Nasr Bin Ahmad Al Baghdady, from Muhammad Bin Ubeyd Bin Utba, from Ismail Bin Aban, from Salim Bin Abu Umra, from Marouf Bin Jarbouz, from Abu Al Tufayl, from Hufayza Bin Aseyd Al Ghafary who said,

‘The Prophet-saww arose to sermon, so he-saww said: ‘Men should not find it in themselves that it was I-saww who settled Ali-asws in the Masjid and threw them out. By Allah-azwj! It was not I-saww who threw them out and settled him-asws, but it was Allah-azwj who Threw them out and settled him-asws!

ان الله عز وجل أوحى إلى موسى وأخيه ان تبوؤا لقومكا بمصر بيوتا واجعلوا بيوتكم قبلة واقيموا الصلاة، ثم أمر موسى ان لا يسكن مسجده ولا ينكح فيه ولا يدخله جنب إلا هارون وذريته، وان عليا مني بمنزلة هارون من موسى وهو أخى دون أهلي ولا يحل لاحد أن ينكح فيه النساء، إلا علي وذريته فمن ساءه فهاهنا واشار بيده نحو الشام.

Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Musa-as and his-as brother-as: “Build houses for your-as people in Egypt, and make your houses as a direction (Qiblah), and establish the Prayer”. Then He-azwj Commanded Musa-as that no one would settle (to live) in His-azwj Masjid, not sleep (with a woman) in it, nor should one who is in requirement of major ablution should enter in it, except for Haroun-as and his-as offspring, and that Ali-asws is from me-saww at the status which Haroun-as had from Musa-as, and he-asws is my-saww brother-asws besides my-saww family. And it is not Permissible for anyone that he should sleep with the women in it, except for Ali-asws and his-asws offspring. So the one who is stung by it, so over there!’ – and he-saww gestured by his-saww hand towards Syria’.[150]

(باب 156 – العلة التى من أجلها صارت الامامة في ولد الحسين) (دون الحسن صلوات الله عليهما)

Chapter 156 – The reason due to which the Imamate came to be in the sons-asws of Al-Husayn-asws besides Al-Hassan-asws

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن الحسن بن موسى الخشاب عن علي بن حسان الواسطي، عن عمه عبد الرحمان بن كثير قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” ماعنى الله عز وجل بقوله (إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيرا) قال: نزلت في النبي وأمير المؤمنين والحسن والحسين وفاطمة عليهم السلام

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Bin Al Hassan Bin Musa Al Khashab, from Ali Bin Hisan Al Wasity, from his uncle Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseer who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What does Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Mean by His-azwj Words [33:33] But rather, Allah Desires to Keep away the uncleanness from you, O people of the House! And to Purify you a with a Purification?’ He-asws said: ‘It was Reveled regarding the Prophet-saww, and Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and Fatima-asws.

فلما قبض الله عز وجل نبيه كان أمير المؤمنين ثم الحسن ثم الحسين عليهم السلام ثم وقع تأويل هذه الآية (واولوا الارحام بعضهم أولى ببعض في كتاب الله) وكان علي بن الحسين عليهما السلام إماما ثم جرت في الائمة من ولده الاوصياء عليهم السلام فطاعتهم طاعة الله ومعصيتهم معصية الله عز وجل.

So when Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Caused His-azwj Prophet-saww to pass away, there was Amir Al-Momineen-asws, then Al-Hassan-asws, then Al-Husayn-asws. Then, there occurred the explanation of this Verse [33:6] and the possessors of relationships some of them are closer to others in the Book of Allah. And Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws was an Imam-asws. Then if flowed in the Imams-asws from his-asws sons-asws, the successors. Thus, obedience to them-asws is obedience to Allah-azwj, and disobedience to them-asws is disobedience to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[151]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن احمد وعبد الله أبنى محمد ابن عيسى عن أبيهما عن عبد الله بن المغيرة عن عبد الله بن مسكان عن عبد الرحيم القصير عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” قال: سألته عن قول الله عز وجل (النبي أولى بالمؤمنين من أنفسهم وازواجه امهاتهم واولوا الارحام بعضهم أولى بعض في كتاب الله) فيمن نزلت؟

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad and Abdullah the son of Muhammad Ibn Isa, from both their fathers, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Abdul Raheem Al Qusayr,

(The narrator says) ‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [33:6] The Prophet is closer to the Believers than their own selves, and his wives are their mothers; and the possessors of relationships some of them are closer to others in the Book of Allah, so for whom was it Revealed?’

قال نزلت في الامرة ان هذه الآية جرت في الحسين بن علي وفي ولد الحسين من بعده فنحن أولى بالامر وبرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من المؤمنين والمهاجرين فقلت لولد جعفر فيها نصيب؟ قال: لا، قال فعددت عليه بطون بني عبد المطلب كل ذلك يقول لا، ونسيت ولد الحسن فدخلت عليه بعد ذلك فقلت هل لولد الحسن فيها نصيب فقال لا يا ابا عبد الرحمان ما لمحمدي فيها نصيب غيرنا.

He-asws said: ‘It was revealed regarding the command/authority, and that this Verse flows in Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws and in the sons-asws of Al-Husayn-asws from after him-asws. Thus, we-asws are the closer to the Command and with Rasool-Allah-saww than the Believers and the Emigrants’.

So I said, ‘Is there a share in it for the sons of Ja’far-as?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. He (the narrator) said, ‘So I numbered to him the relatives of the Clan of Abd Al-Muttalib-as, for each of that he-asws said: No!’, and I forgot the sons of Al-Hassan-asws. So I included to him-asws, after that, so I said, ‘Is there a share in it for the sons of Al-Hassan-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘No! O Abu Abdul Rahman! There is no share in it for any Mohammedan, apart from us-asws’.[152]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد عن حماد بن عيسى عن عبدالعلى بن أعين قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله ” ع ” يقول، ان الله عز وجل خص عليا ” ع ” بوصية رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وما يصيبه له، فاقر الحسن والحسين له بذلك ثم وصيته للحسن وتسليم الحسين للحسن ذلك حتى افضى الامر إلى الحسين لا ينازعه فيه احد له من السابقة مثل ماله واستحقها علي بن الحسين لقول الله عز وجل (واولوا الارحام بعضهم أولى ببعض في كتاب الله) فلا تكون بعد علي بن الحسين إلا في الاعقاب واعقاب الاعقاب.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Abdul A’ala Bin Ayn who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Specialised Ali-asws for getting the successorship of Rasool-Allah-saww, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws accepted that for him-asws. Then the successorship was for Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws submitted to Al-Husayn-asws, until the Command passed to Al-Husayn-asws, and no one disputed with him-asws with regards to it for preceding him-asws to it similar to what was for him-asws, and its rightful one was Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws due to the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [33:6]; and the possessors of relationships some of them are closer to others in the Book of Allah. Thus, after Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, it would not come to be in anyone except in the posterity, and the posterity, and the posterity’.[153] 

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري، عن ابراهيم بن مهزيار عن علي بن مهزيار عن الحسين بن سعيد عن محمد بن سنان عن أبى سالم عن سودة بن كليب عن أبى بصير، عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” في قول الله عز وجل: (وجعلها كلمة باقية في عقبه) قال: في عقب الحسين ” ع ” فلما يزل هذا الامر منذ افضى إلى الحسين ينتقل من ولد إلى ولد لا يرجع إلى أخ ولاعم ولم يتم، يعلم احد منهم إلا وله ولد وان عبد الله خرج من الدنيا ولا ولد له ولم يمكث بين ظهراني أصحابه إلا شهرا.

My father said, ‘Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abu Saalim, from Sowda Bin Kaleyb, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [43:28] And He Made it a Word to continue in his posterity. He-asws said: ‘Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [43:28] And He Made it a Word to continue in his posterity, so he-asws said: ‘In the posterity of Al-Husayn-asws. So this matter will not cease to be in Al-Husayn-asws, from son-asws to son-asws, not going to a brother or an uncle, and not taking place from anyone among them-asws except a son-asws is Given to him-asws’. And that Abdullah (son of 6th Imam-asws) exited from the world and there was no son for him, and did not remain in the midst of his companions, except for a month’.[154]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان، عن الحسين بن سعيد عن القاسم بن محمد عن عبد الصمد بن بشير عن فضيل بن سكرة قال: دخلت على أبى عبد الله ” ع ” فقال يا فضيل أتدرى في أي شئ كنت أنظر قبل؟ فقلت لا، قال كنت أنظر في كتاب فاطمة عليها السلام فليس ملك يملك إلا وهو مكتوب باسمه واسم أبيه فما وجدت لولد الحسن فيه شيئا.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Abdul Samad Bin Basheer, from Fazeyl Bin Sakra who said,

‘I came over to Abu Abdullah-asws, so he-asws said: ‘O Fazeyl! Do you know in which thing I-asws was looking into just before?’ So I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘I-asws was looking into a Book of (Syeda) Fatima-asws. So there is no king who would be ruling except that he is mentioned by his name and the name of his father, and I-asws did not find in it anything for the sons of Al-Hassan-asws’.[155]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسين بن سعيد عن حماد بن عيسى عن ابراهيم بن عمر اليماني، عن أبى الطفيل عن أبى جعفر ” ع ” قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لامير المؤمنين اكتب ما أملي عليك قال يا نبي الله أو تخاف علي النسيان فقال لست اخاف عليك النسيان وقد دعوت الله لك ان يحفظك ولا ينسيك ولكن اكتب لشركائك

My father said, ‘My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Ibrahim Bin Umar Al Yamani, from Abu Al Tufayl,

Abu Ja’far-asws has said that Rasool-Allah-saww said to Amir Al-Momineen-asws: ‘Write what I-saww dictate to you-asws’. He-asws said: ‘O Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj! Or are you-saww fearing the forgetfulness to me-asws?’ So he-saww said: ‘I-saww am not fearing the forgetfulness over you-asws, and I-saww have supplicated to Allah-azwj for you-asws that you-asws would memorise and will not forget, but write for your-asws associates’.

قال: فقلت ومن شركائي يا نبي الله؟ قال الائمة من ولدك بهم تسقى امتى الغيث وبهم يستجاب دعائهم وبهم يصرف الله عنهم البلاء وبهم تنزل الرحمة من السماء وهذا أولهم وأومى إلى الحسن ثم أومى بيده إلى الحسين ثم قال: الائمة من ولده.

He-asws said: ‘And who are my-asws associates, O Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj?’ He-saww said: ‘The Imams-asws from your-asws sons-asws, due to whom-asws my-saww community would quench itself from the rain, and due to them-asws their supplications would be Answered, and due to them-asws Allah-azwj would Exchange the afflictions, and due to them-asws the Mercy would descend from the sky, and this one is the first of them-asws’ – and he-saww gestured by his-saww hand towards Al-Husayn-asws, then said: ‘The Imams-asws from his-asws sons-asws’.[156]

ابى رحمه ا لله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى عن محمد بن احمد عن علي ابن محمد عن القاسم بن محمد عن سلمان بن داود المنقر عن محمد بن يحيى عن الحسين الواسطي عن يونس بن عبد الرحمان عن ابى فاختة عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: لا تكون الامامة في اخوين بعد الحسن والحسين وهي جارية في الاعقاب في عقب الحسين عليه السلام.

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ali Ibn Muhammad, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Suleyman Bin Dawood Al Manqar, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Al Husayn Al Wasity, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Abu Fakhta,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The Imamate will not happen to be in two brothers after Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and it flows in the posterities in the posterity of Al-Husayn-asws’.[157]

حدثنا علي بن احمد بن عبد الله البرقي عن ابيه عن جده عن احمد ابن ابى عبد الله عن محمد بن عيسى عن محمد بن ابى يعقوب البلخى قال: سألت أبا الحسن الرضا ” ع ” قلت له لاي علة صارت الامامة في ولد الحسين دون ولد الحسن عليهما السلام؟ قال: لان الله عز وجل جعلها في ولد الحسين ولم يجعلها في ولد الحسن والله لا يسأل عما يفعل.

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Abdullah Al Barqy narrated to us, from his father, from his grandfather, from Ahmad Ibn Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Abu Yaqoub Al Balkhy who said,

‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, saying to him-asws, ‘For which reason did the Imamate come to be in the sons-asws of Al-Husayn-asws besides the sons of Al-Hassan-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘Because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made it to be in the sons-asws of Al-Husayn-asws, and did not Make it to be in the sons of Al-Hassan-asws, and Allah-azwj cannot be questioned about what He-azwj Does’.[158]

حدثنا ابراهيم بن هارون الهاشمي قال: حدثنا محمد بن احمد بن ابى الثلج قال حدثنا عيسى بن مهران قال: حدثنا منذر الشراك قال حدثنا اسماعيل ابن عليه قال أخبرني اسلم بن ميسرة العجلى عن انس بن مالك عن معاذ بن جبل: ان رسول الله قال: ان الله عز وجل خلقني وعليا وفاطمة والحسن والحسين قبل ان يخلق الدنيا بسبعة آلاف عام

Ibrahim Bin Haroun Al Hashimy narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Al Salj, from Isa Bin Mahran, from Manzar Al Sharaak, from Ismail Ibn Aleyh,from Aslam Bin Maysara Al Ajaly, from Anas Bin Malik, from Ma’az Bin Jabal who said,

‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created me-saww, and Ali-asws, and Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, seven thousand years before He-azwj Created the world’.

قلت فاين كنتم يارسول؟ قال: قدام العرش نسبح الله تعالى ونحمده ونقدسه ونمجده قلت: على أي مثال؟ قال اشباح نور حتى إذا أراد الله عز وجل ان يخلق صورنا صيرنا عمود نور ثم قذفنا في صلب آدم ثم أخرجنا إلى أصلاب الآباء وأرحام الامهات ولا يصيبنا نجس الشرك ولاسفاح الكفر يسعد بنا قوم ويشق بنا آخرون،

I said, ‘So where were you-asws all, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘In front of the Throne. We-asws were Glorifying Allah-azwj the High, and Praising Him-azwj, and Extolling His-azwj Holiness, and Cherishing Him-azwj’. I said, ‘Over which resemblances (were you-asws all)?’ He-saww said: ‘Resembling the Light, until when Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Intended to Created our-asws images (faces), Rendered us-asws as beams of Light. Then He-azwj Cast us-asws to be in the ‘صلب’ of Adam-as. Then He-azwj Extracted us-asws to the صلب of our-asws forefathers-as and the laps of our-asws mothers-as, and we-asws were neither hit by the filth of Polytheism, nor by the foolishness of the disbelief. And one group of people are happy due to us-asws, and another group of people are miserable due to us-asws.

فلما صيرنا إلى صلب عبد المطلب أخرج ذلك النور فشقه نصفين فجعل نصفه في عبد الله ونصفه في ابى طالب ثم أخرج النصف الذي لي إلى آمنة والنصف إلى فاطمة بنت أسد فاخرجتني آمنة واخرجت فاطمة عليا

So when we-asws went into the صلب of Abdul Muttalib-as, that Light came out and split into two pieces, so half of it went into Abdullah-as, and half of it went into Abu Talib-as. Then that half which was for me-saww went into Aamina-as, and the (other) half went into Fatima Bint Asad-as. So Aamina-as brought me-saww out, and Fatima-as brought Ali-asws out.

ثم أعاد عز وجل العمود إلي فخرجت منى فاطمة ثم أعاد عز وجل العمود إلى علي فخرج منه الحسن والحسين – يعنى من النصفين جميعا فما كان من نور علي فصار في ولد الحسن، وما كان من نوري صار في ولد الحسين فهو ينتقل في الائمة من ولده إلى يوم القيامة.

Then the Mighty and Majestic Repeated the beams to me, so Fatima-asws came out from me-saww. Then the Mighty and Majestic Repeated the beams to Ali-asws, so there came out from him-asws, Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws – meaning from all the halves together. So whatever was from the Light of Ali-asws, so it came to be in the sons of Al-Hassan-asws, and whatever was from my-saww Light came to be in the sons of Al-Husayn-asws. So it would be transferring in the Imams-asws from his-asws sons-asws up to the Day of Judgement’.[159]

 (باب 157 – العلة التى من أجلها لا يسع الامة إلا معرفة الامام) (بعد النبي صلى الله عليه وآله ويسعهم أن لا يعرفوا الائمة الذين كانوا قبله)

Chapter 157 – The reason due to which there is no leeway for the community except for recognising the Imam-asws after the Prophet-saww, and they have the leeway not to recognise the Imams-as who are before him-saww

أخبرني علي بن حاتم رضى الله عنه فيما كتب إلي قال: أخبرني القاسم ابن محمد قال حدثنا حمدان بن الحسين قال حدثنا الحسين بن الوليد عن ابن بكير عن حنان بن سدير قال: قلت لابي عبد الله لاي علة لم يسعنا إلا أن نعرف كل إمام بعد النبي صلى الله عليه وآله ويسعناان لا نعرف كل إمام قبل النبي صلى الله عليه وآله؟ قال لاختلاف الشرايع

Ali Bin Hatim infromed me with regards to what he wrote to me, from Al Qasim Ibn Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from Ibn Bakeyr, from Hanan Bin Sudeyr who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘For which reason we have not been given the leeway except that we should recognise every Imam-asws after the Prophet-saww, and we have been given the leeway not to recognise every Imam-as who was before the Prophet-saww?’ He-asws said: ‘Due to the differing in the Laws’.[160]

(باب 158 – العلة التى من أجلها سار أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” بالمن) (والكف ويسير القائم بالبسط والسبي)

Chapter 158 – The reason due to which Amir Al Momineen-asws was dealing with the favours and the restraint and Al Qaim-asws would be dealing with the unleashed hand and the captivating (taking prisoners)

أبى رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن ثعلبة بن ميمون عن الحسن بن هارون قال كنت عند ابى عبد الله ” ع ” جالسا فسأله المعلى بن خنيس أيسير القائم بخلاف سيرة أمير المؤمنين فقال نعم وذلك ان عليا ” ع ” سار فيهم بالمن والكف لانه علم ان شيعته سيظهر عليهم عدوهم من بعده وان القائم ” ع ” إذا قام سار فيهم بالبسط والسبي وذلك انه يعلم ان شيعته لن يظهر عليهم من بعده ابدا.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Sa’alba Bin Maymoun, from Al Hassan Bin Haroun who said,

‘I was seated in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws, so Moala Bin Khunays asked him-asws, ‘Would Al-Qaim-asws be dealing in a way differently to Amir Al-Momineen-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘Yes’, and that is Ali-asws dealt among them with the favours and the restraint, because he-asws knew that his-asws Shias would be overcome by their enemies from after him-asws, and that Al-Qaim-asws, when he-asws arises, would deal with them with the unleashed hand and the taking of prisoners, and that is because he-asws would know that his-asws Shias would not be overcome (by their enemies) from after him-asws, ever’.[161]

(باب 159 – العلة التى من أجلها صالح الحسن بن على صلوات الله عليه) (معاوية بن أبى سفيان وداهنه ولم يجاهده)

Chapter 159 – The reason due to which Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws reconciled with Muawiya Bin Abu Sufyan and did not fight against him

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن احمد بن أبى عبد الله عن ابن فضال عن ثعلبة عن عمر بن أبى نصر عن سدير قال: قال أبو جعفر ” ع ” ومعنا ابني، يا سدير اذكر لنا أمرك الذي أنت عليه فان كان فيه اغراق كففناك عنه وان كان مقصرا ارشدناك قال فذهبت ان اتكلم فقال أبو جعفر ” ع ” امسك حتى اكفيك ان العلم الذي وضع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله عند علي ” ع ” من عرفه كان مؤمنا ومن جحده كان كافرا، ثم كان من بعده الحسن ” ع “

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Ibn Fazaal, from Sa’alba, from Umar Bin Abu Nasr, from Sudeyr who said,

‘Abu Ja’far-asws said, and with us was my son: ‘O Sudeyr! Mention to us-asws your matter (belief) which you are upon. So if there is drowning in it, I-asws will restrain you, and if you were deficient, I-asws will Guide you’. He said, ‘I went on to speak, so Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Hold on, until I-asws suffice you with the Knowledge which Rasool-Allah-saww placed in the presence of Ali-asws. The one who recognised it would be a Believer, and one who fights against it would be a disbeliever. Then after him-asws was Al-Hassan-asws’.

قلت: كيف يكون بذلك المنزلة وقد كان منه ماكان دفعها إلى معاوية؟ فقال: اسكت فانه أعلم بما صنع لولا ما صنع لكان أمر عظيم.

I said, ‘How can there be a status due to that, and what had been from him-asws whatever it was, he-asws handed it over to Muawiya?’ So he-asws said: ‘Silence! He-asws knew full well with what he-asws was doing, and had he-asws not done that, it would have been a grievous matter (situation)’.[162]

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Dawood Al Daqaq, from Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Lays, from Muhammad Bin Hameed, from Yahya Bin Abu Bakeyr, from Abu Al A’ala Al Khafaf, from Abu Ssaeed Aqeysa who said,

حدثنا علي بن احمد بن محمد رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن داود الدقاق قال حدثنا الحسن بن احمد بن الليث قال: حدثنا محمد بن حميد قال حدثنا يحيى بن ابى بكير قال: حدثنا أبو العلا الخفاف، عن ابى سعيد عقيصا قال قلت للحسن بن علي بن ابى طالب يابن رسول الله لم داهنت معاوية وصالحته وقد علمت ان الحق لك دونه وان معاوية ضال باغ؟ فقال: يا أبا سعيد ألست حجة الله تعالى ذكره على خلقه وإماما عليهم ابى ” ع “؟ قلت بلى قال: ألست الذي قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لي ولاخى الحسن والحسين إمامان قاما أو قعدا؟ قلت بلى قال فانا إذن إمام لو قمت وأنا إمام إذ لو قعدت،

‘I said to Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Why did you-asws discuss with Muawiya and reconciled with him, and you-asws had know that the right (of the Caliphate) is for you-asws, beside him, and that Muawiya was erroneous and a rebel?’ So he-asws said: ‘O Abu Saeed! Was my-asws father-asws not a Proof of Allah-azwj, Elevated is His-azwj Mention, over His-azwj Creatures, and an Imam-asws over them?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘Am I-asws not the one for whom Rasool-Allah-saww to me-asws and to my-asws brother-asws: ‘Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws are two Imams-asws, be they arisen or seated?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘So then, I-asws am an Imam-asws, whether I-asws arise (by the sword) and I-asws am an Imam-asws, if I-asws were to be seated (and not raise the sword).

يا أبا سعيد علة مصالحتي لمعاوية علة مصالحة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لبني ضمرة وبني اشجع ولاهل مكة حين انصرف من الحديبية أولئك كفار بالتنزيل ومعاوية وأصحابه كفار بالتأويل،

O Abu Saeed! The reason for my-asws reconciliation with Muawiya was the (same) reason for the reconciliation of Rasool-Allah-saww with the Clan of Zamra and the Clan of Ashja’a, and the people of Makkah, when he-saww turned back from Al-Hudaybiyya. Those (people) were disbeliever in the Revelation, and Muawiya and his companions are disbelievers in the explanation (of it).

يا أبا سعيد إذا كنت إماما من قبل الله تعالى ذكره لم يجب ان يسفه رأيى فيما أتيته من مهادنة أو محاربة وان كان وجه الحكمة فيما أتيته ملتبسا ألا ترى الخضر ” ع ” لما خرق السفينة وقتل الغلام وأقام الجدار سخط موسى ” ع ” فعله لاشتباه وجه الحكمة عليه حتى أخبره فرضى هكذا أنا، سخطتم علي بجهلكم بوجه الحكمة فيه ولولا ما أتيت لما ترك من شيعتنا على وجه الارض أحد إلا قتل.

O Abu Saeed! Since I-asws am an Imam-asws from Allah-azwj, Elevated is His-azwj Mention, then there is no foolishness involved whether I-asws approach it with a truce or war, and it was with the aspect of wisdom in what I-asws approached it with, (which appeared to be) confusing (to you). Have you not see Al-Khizr-as when he-as made a hole in the ship, and killed the boy, and straightened the wall, Musa-as was angered, for the aspect of wisdom appeared confusing to him-as until he (Al-Khizr-as) informed him-as, so he (Musa-as) was pleased with it.

This is how I-asws am. They are angry with me-asws due to their ignorance of the aspect of the wisdom in it, and had I-asws not approached it the way I-asws did, not one of our-asws Shias would have been left on the face of the earth, except that he would have been killed.[163]

 (باب 161 – العلة التى من أجلها لم يدفن الحسن بن على بن) (أبى طالب ” ع ” مع رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله)

Chapter 161 – The reason due to which Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws was not buried alongside Rasool-Allah-saww

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن ابن أبان، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن النضر بن سويد، عن هشام بن سالم، عن سليمان بن خالد، عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: ان الحسين بن علي ” ع ” أراد ان يدفن الحسن بن علي عليهما السلام مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وجمع جمعا فقال رجل سمع الحسن بن علي ” ع ” يقول: قول للحسن ألا يهرق في دما لولا ذلك مانتهى الحسين ” ع ” حتى يدفنه مع رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله).

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Ibn Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Hisham Bin Saalim, from Suleyman Bin Khalid,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws intended to bury Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws alongside Rasool-Allah-saww, and a group (in opposition) gathered. So a man said, ‘I heard Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws saying: ‘Say to Al-Husayn-asws not to spill blood with regards to me-asws’. Had it not been for that, we would not have prevented Al-Husayn-asws until he (Al-Hassan-asws) would have been buried alongside Rasool-Allah-saww’.

وقال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” أول إمرأة ركبت البغل بعد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله عائشة جاءت إلى المسجد فمنعت ان يدفن الحسن بن علي مع رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله).

Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The first woman to ride the mule after Rasool-Allah-saww was Ayesha. She came to the Masjid and prevented the burial of Al-Hassan Bin Ali-asws alongside Rasool-Allah-saww’.[164]

(باب 162 – العلة التى من أجلها صار يوم عاشوراء أعظم الايام مصيبة)

Chapter 162 – The reason due to which the day of Ashura came to be the day of the greatest difficulties

Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Bashaar Al Qazwimy narrated to us, from Abu Al Faraj Al Muzaffar Bin Ahmad Al Qazwiny, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Kufy Al Asady, from Sahl Bin Ziyad Al Admy, from Suleyman Bin Abdullah Al Khazaz Al Kufy, from Abdullah Bin Al Fazal Al Hashmy who said,

حدثنا محمد بن علي بن بشار القزويني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا ابو الفرج المظفر بن احمد القزويني قال: حدثنا محمد بن جعفر الكوفي الاسدي قال: حدثنا سهل بن زياد الآدمى قال: حدثنا سليمان بن عبد الله الخزاز الكوفي قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن الفضل الهاشمي قال: قلت لابي عبد الله جعفر بن محمد الصادق ” ع ” يابن رسول الله كيف صار يوم عاشوراء يوم مصيبة وغم وجزع وبكاء دون اليوم الذي قبض منه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله واليوم الذي ماتت فيه فاطمة عليها السلام واليوم الذي قتل فيه أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” واليوم الذي قتل فيه الحسن ” ع ” بالسم؟

‘I said to Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! How did the day of Ashura come to be a day of difficulties, and gloom, and distress, and wailing, besides the day in which Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, and the day in which Fatima-asws passed away, and the day in which Amir Al-Momineen-asws was murdered, and the day in which Al-Hassan-asws was murdered by the poison?’

فقال: ان يوم الحسين” ع ” أعظم مصيبة من جميع سائر الايام، وذلك ان أصحاب الكساء الذي كانوا أكرم الخلق على الله تعالى كانوا خمسة فلما مضى عنهم النبي صلى الله عليه وآله بقى أمير المؤمنين وفاطمة والحسن والحسين عليهم السلام فكان فيهم للناس عزاء وسلوة

So he-asws said: ‘The day of Al-Husayn-asws was the day of the greatest difficulties from the entirety of the days, and that is that the Companions of the Cloak (As’haab Al-Kisaa) were the most prestigious of the creatures to Allah-azwj the High, and they-asws were five of them. So when the Prophet-saww passed away from among them-asws, there remained Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws. So there was among them, for the people was a condolence and a comfort.

فلما مضت فاطمة عليها السلام كان في أمير المؤمنين والحسن والحسين للناس عزاء وسلوة فلما مضى منهم أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” كان للناس في الحسن والحسين عزاء وسلوة فلما مضى الحسن ” ع ” كان للناس في الحسين ” ع ” عزاء وسلوة، فلما قتل الحسين ” ع ” لم يكن بقى من أهل الكساء أحد للناس فيه بعده عزاء وسلوة فكان ذهابه كذهاب جميعهم كما كان بقاؤه كبقاء جميعهم فلذلك صار يومه أعظم مصيبة.

So when Fatima-asws passed away, in Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws there used to be condolence and comfort for the people. So when Amir Al-Momineen-asws passed away, in Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, there used to be condolence and comfort for the people. So when Al-Hassan-asws passed away, there used to be for the people, in Al-Husayn-asws, a condolence and comfort for the people. So when Al-Husayn-asws was killed, there did not remain anyone from the Companions of the Cloak for the people, to be a condolence and comfort for the people. So, his-asws going away was like the going away of all of them-asws, and his-asws remaining was like the remaining of all of them-asws. Thus, it is due to that, his-asws day became the day of the greatest difficulties’.

قال عبد الله بن الفضل الهاشمي: فقلت له يابن رسول الله فلم لم يكن للناس في علي بن الحسين عزاء وسلوة مثل ما كان لهم في آبائه عليهم السلام؟ فقال بلى ان علي بن الحسين كان سيد العابدين وإماما وحجة على الخلق بعد آبائه الماضين ولكنه لم يلق رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ولم يسمع منه وكان علمه وراثة عن ابيه عن جده عن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله

Abdullah Al-fazal Al-Hashimy said, ‘So I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! So did not there become a condolence and comfort in Ali-asws Bin Al-Husyan-asws, the like of what was for them in his-asws forefathers-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘Yes, Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws was the Chief of the worshippers, and an Imam-asws, and a Proof-asws over the creatures after his-asws past forefathers-asws, but he-asws did not meet Rasool-Allah-saww, and did not hear from him-saww, and his-asws Knowledge and inheritance was from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws, from the Prophet-saww.

وكان أمير المؤمنين وفاطمة والحسن والحسين عليهم السلام قد شاهدهم الناس مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله في أحوال في آن يتوالى فكانوا متى نظروا إلى أحد منهم تذكروا حاله مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وقول رسول الله له وفيه، فلما مضوا فقد الناس مشاهدة الاكرمين على الله عز وجل ولم يكن في أحد منهم فقد جميعهم إلا في فقد الحسين ” ع ” لانه مضى آخرهم فلذلك صار يومه أعظم الايام مصيبة.

And Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, the people had seen them-asws with Rasool-Allah-saww in various situations in a steady stream. So whenever they used to look at any one of them-asws, they would remember his-asws state with Rasool-Allah-saww, and the words of Rasool-Allah-saww for him-asws and with regards to him-saww.

So when they passed, the people lost the witnessing the most prestigious ones-asws to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and losing one of them-asws did not amount to losing all of them-asws except in the case of losing Al-Husayn-asws because he-asws passed away at the end of them. Thus, it is due to that, his-asws day became the day of the greatest difficulties’.

قال عبد الله بن الفضل الهاشمي: فقلت له يابن رسول الله فكيف سمت العامة يوم عاشوراء، يوم بركة فبكى ” ع ” ثم قال: لما قتل الحسين ” ع ” تقرب الناس بالشام إلى يزيد فوضعوا له الاخبار وأخذوا عليه الجوائز من الاموال فكان مما وضعوا له أمر هذا اليوم وانه يوم بركة ليعدل الناس فيه من الجزع والبكاء والمصيبة والحزن إلى الفرح والسرور والتبرك والاستعداد فيه حكم الله مما بيننا وبينهم

Abdullah Bin Al Fazal Al-Hashimy said, ‘So I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! So how come the general Muslims call the day of Ashura as a day of Blessing?’ So he-asws wept, then said: ‘When Al-Husayn-asws was killed, the people tried to get closer to Yazeed -la and placed the news (whatever was pleasing to him-la), and took parts of the wealth from him-la. So, from whatever they placed to him-la was the matter of this day that is a day of Blessing so that the people, instead of being distress, and weeping, and difficulties, and the grief, would take to happiness, and the cheerfulness, and the exchanging of gifts, and celebrating it as a festival (Eid). Allah-azwj will Judge between us-asws and them’.

قال: ثم قال ” ع ” يابن عم وان ذلك لاقل ضررا على الاسلام واهله وضعه قوم انتحلوا مودتنا وزعموا أنهم يدينون بموالاتنا ويقولون بامامتنا زعموا ان الحسين ” ع ” لم يقتل وانه شبه للناس أمره كعيسى بن مريم فلا لائمة اذن على بنى امية ولا عتب على زعمهم،

He (the narrator) said, ‘Then he-asws said: ‘O cousin! And that was the least harmful to Al-Islam and its people, but the people who assumed our-asws cordiality, and assumed that they are actually making a Religion by our-asws Wilayah and are speaking with our-asws Imamate, (began) claiming that Al-Husayn-asws was not killed and that it just appeared to be so to the people, and that his-asws matter was like that of Isa-as Bin Mayram-as. So now there is no authorisation for the Imams-asws against the Clan of Umayya, nor any blame upon them, upon what they-asws were claiming.

يابن عم من زعم ان الحسين ” ع ” لم يقتل فقد كذب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وعليا وكذب من بعده الائمة عليهم السلام في أخبارهم بقتله، ومن كذبهم فهو كافر بالله العظيم ودمه مباح لكل من سمع ذلك منه.

O cousin! The one who claims that Al-Husayn-asws was not killed, so he has belied Rasool-Allah-saww, and Ali-asws, and belied the ones after him-asws from the Imams-asws, in their news of him-asws being killed. And the one who belies them-asws, so he is a disbeliever in Allah-azwj the Magnificent, and his blood is Permissible (to be shed) for everyone who hears than from him’.

قال عبد الله بن الفضل: فقلت له يابن رسول الله فما تقول في قوم من شيعتك يقولون به؟ فقال ” ع ” ما هؤلاء من شيعتي وانى برئ منهم (كذاوكذا وكذا وكذا إبطال القرآن والجنة والنار)

Abdullah Bin Al-Fazal said, ‘So I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! So what are you saying regarding a people from your-asws Shias who are speaking by it?’ So he-asws said: ‘They are not from my-asws Shias, and I-asws am away from them. Such, and such, and such, and such invalidates the Quran, and the Paradise, and the Fire’.

قال: فقلت فقول الله تعالى (ولقد علمتم الذين اعتدوا منكم في السبت فقلنا لهم كونوا قردة خاسئين) قال: ان اولئك مسخوا ثلاثة ايام ثم ماتوا ولم يتناسلوا، وان القردة اليوم مثل أولئك، وكذلك الخنازير وساير المسوخ، ما وجد منها اليوم من شئ فهو مثله لا يحل ان يؤكل لحمه.

He (the narrator) said, ‘So I said, ‘(What about) The words of Allah-azwj the High [2:65] And you have known those among you who exceeded the limits of the Sabbath, so We Said to them: Become apes, despised?’ They were metamorphosed for three days, then died, and did not produce offspring, and that the monkeys today are similar to those ones, and such is the case of the pigs and the rest of the metamorphosed ones. Nothing can be found from these. Since they are similar to it, it is not Permissible to eat their flesh’.

ثم قال ” ع “: لعن الله الغلاة والمفوضة فانهم صغروا عصيان الله وكفروا به وأشركوا وضلواو أضلوا قرار من إقامة الفرايض واداء الحقوق.

Then he-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj Curse the exaggerators (Ghulaat) and the ‘Mufawwiza’ (Believers in delegation of Authority), for they have belittled the disobedience to Allah-azwj and have disbelieved in it, and they have associated, and strayed and have strayed others from establishing the Obligations and fulfilment of the rights’.[165]

حدثنا محمد بن ابراهيم بن اسحاق قال: اخبرنا احمد بن محمد الهمداني عن علي بن الحسن بن فضال، عن ابيه، عن أبى الحسن علي بن موسى الرضا ” ع ” قال: من ترك السعي في حوايجه يوم عاشوراء قضى الله له حوايج الدنيا والآخرة ومن كان يوم عاشوراء يوم مصيبته وحزنه وبكائه يجعل الله عز وجل يوم القيامة يوم فرحه وسروره وقرت بنا في الجنان عينه، ومن سمى يوم عاشوراء يوم بركة وادخر لمنزله شيئا لم يبارك له فيما ادخر وحشر يوم القيامة مع يزيد وعبيدالله ابن زياد وعمر بن سعد (لعنهم الله) إلى اسفل درك من النار.

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazal, from his father,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘The one who abstains the running around with regard to his needs on the day of Ashura, Allah-azwj would Fulfil his needs of the world and the Hereafter. And the one for whom the day of Ashura was a day of his difficulties, and his grief, and his crying, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Make the Day of Judgement for him as a day of his happiness, and his joy, and would Delight his eyes in the Gardens. And the one who call the day of Ashura as a day of Blessing, and stashes something for his house, Allah-azwj would not Bless it for him with regards to what he had stashed away, and he would be Resurrected on the Day of Judgement along with Yazeed-la, and Ubeydullah Ibn Ziyad-la, and Umar Bin Sa’ad-la (may Allah-azwj Curse them-la) to the lowest Level from the Fire’.[166]

(باب 163 – علة إقدام أصحاب الحسين ” ع ” على القتل)

Chapter 163 – The reason for the proceeding of the companions of Al Husayn-asws towards the killing

حدثنا محمد بن ابراهيم بن اسحاق رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا عبد العزيز ابن يحيى الجلودي قال: حدثنا محمد بن زكريا الجوهري قال حدثنا جعفر بن محمد ابن عمارة عن أبيه عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: قلت له اخبرني عن أصحاب الحسين ” ع ” واقدامهم على الموت فقال انهم كشف لهم الغطاء حتى رأوا منازلهم من الجنة فكان الرجل منهم يقدم على القتل ليبادر إلى حوراء يعانقها والى مكانه من الجنة.

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq narrated to us, from Abdul Aziz Ibn Yahya Al Jaloudy, from Muhammad Bin Zakariyya Al Jowhry, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Ibn Amara, from his father,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Inform me about the companions of Al-Husayn-asws, and their proceeding to the death’. So he-asws said: ‘The covering was removed from them to the extent that they saw their houses in the Paradise. So the man from among them used to proceed towards the killing to hasten to the Houries and embracing them, and to his place in the Paradise’.[167]

(باب 164 – العلة التى من أجلها يقتل القائم ” ع ” ذرارى قتلة) (الحسين عليه السلام بفعال آبائها)

Chapter 164 – The reason due to which Al Qaim-asws would kill the offspring of the ones who killed Al Husayn-asws due to the actions of their forefathers

حدثنا احمد بن زياد بن جعفر الهمداني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي ابن ابراهيم، عن ابيه عن عبد السلام بن صالح الهروي قال: قلت لابي الحسن علي ابن موسى الرضا ” ع ” يابن رسول الله ما تقول في حديث روي عن الصادق ” ع ” انه قال: إذا خرج القائم قتل ذرارى قتلة الحسين ” ع ” بفعال آبائها فقال ” ع ” هو كذلك

Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al Hamdany narrated to us, from Ali Ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdul Salaam Bin Salih Al Harawy who said,

‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, ‘What are you-asws saying regarding a Hadeeth being reported from Al-Sadiq-asws that when Al-Qaim-asws rises, he-asws would kill the offspring of those who killed Al-Husayn-asws for the deeds of their forefathers?’ So he-asws said: ‘It is like that’.

فقلت فقول الله عز وجل (ولا تزر وازرة وزر أخرى) ما معناه؟ فقال صدق الله في جميع أقواله لكن ذرارى قتلة الحسين يرضون أفعال آبائهم ويفتخرون بها ومن رضى شيئا كان كمن أتاه ولو أن رجلا قتل في المشرق فرضي بقتله رجل في المغرب لكان الراضي عند الله شريك القاتل وانما يقتلهم القايم إذا خرج لرضاهم بفعل آبائهم،

So, I said, ‘And the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [17:15] nor can the bearer of a burden bears the burden of another, what is its Meaning?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is Truthful in all of His-azwj Words, but the offspring of those who killed Al-Husayn-asws would be pleased with the actions of their forefathers and would be priding over it. And the one who is pleased with anything is like the one who has come to it (done it). And even if a man is killed in the east, and a man is pleased with his killing in the west, in the Presence of Allah-azwj he is associated with the killing. But rather, Al-Qaim-asws would be killing them when he-asws rises, due to them being pleased with the actions of their forefathers’.

قال: قلت له بأى شئ يبدء القايم فيهم إذا قام؟ قال يبدأ ببنى شيبة ويقطع ايديهم لانهم سراق بيت الله عزوجل.

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘By which thing would Al-Qaim-asws begin among them when he-asws arises?’ He-asws said: ‘He-asws would begin by the Clan of Shayba and cut off their hands, because they are thieves of the House of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[168]

(باب 165 – العلة التى من أجلها سمى على بن الحسين زين العابدين)

Chapter 165 – The reason due to which Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws is called ‘Zayn Al Abideen’ (Adornment of the worshippers)

حدثنا عبد الله بن النضر بن سمعان التميمي الخرقاني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا أبو القاسم جعفر بن محمد المكى قال: حدثنا أبو الحسن عبد الله بن محمد بن عمر الاطروش الحرانى قال: حدثنا صالح بن زياد أبو سعيد الشونى قال: حدثنا ابو عثمان عبد الله بن ميمون السكري قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن معن الاودي قال: حدثنا عمران بن سليم قال: كان الزهري إذا حدث عن علي بن الحسين عليهما السلام قال حدثني زين العابدين علي بن الحسين، فقال له سفيان بن عيينة: ولم تقول له زين العابدين؟ قال: لانى سمعت سعيد بن المسيب يحدث عن ابن عباس، ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال: إذا كان يوم القيامة ينادي مناد أين زين العابدين فكأني انظر إلى ولدي علي بن الحسين بن علي بن ابى طالب يخطو بين الصفوف.

Abdullah Bin Al Nazar Bin Sam’an Al Tameemy Al Kharqany, from Abu Al Qasim Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Makky, from Abu Al Hassan Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Umar Al Taroush Al harany, from Salih Bin Ziyad Abu Saeed Al Shouny, from Abu Usman Abdullah Bin Manmoun Al Sakry, from Abdullah Bin Ma’an Al Awdy, from Imran Bin Saleym, said,

‘When Al-Zuhry narrated from Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, said, ‘Zayn Al-Abideen Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws narrated to me’. So, Sufyan Bin Ayayna said to him, ‘And why are you saying ‘Zayn Al-Abideen’?’ He said, ‘I heard Saeed Bin Al-Musayyab narrating from Ibn Abbas, that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When it would be the Day of Judgement, a Caller would Call out: ‘Where is Zayn Al-Abideen?’ So it is as if I-saww am looking at my-saww son Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws stepping (forward) in between the rows’.[169]

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري قال: حدثني العباس ابن معروف عن محمد بن سهل الحرانى، عن بعض أصحابنا عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: ينادي مناد يوم القيامة أين زين العابدين فكأني انظر إلى علي بن الحسين ” ع ” يخطو بين الصفوف.

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin yahya Bin Imran Al Ash’ary, from Al Abbas Ibn Marouf, from Muhammad Bin Sahl Al Harany, from one of our companions,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘A Caller would Call out on the Day of Judgement: ‘Where is Zayn Al-Abideen?’ So it is as if I-asws am looking at Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws stepping (forwards) between the rows’.[170]

وبهذا الاسناد عن سفيان بن عيينة قال: رأى الزهري علي بن الحسين ليلة باردة مطيرة وعلى ظهره دقيق وحطب وهو يمشي فقال له يابن رسول الله ماهذا؟ قال: اريد سفرا أعد له زادا أحمله إلى موضع حريز فقال الزهري: فهدا غلامي يحمله عنك فأبى، قال انا احمله عنك فأني ارفعك عن حمله فقال علي بن الحسين لكنى لا أرفع نفسي عما ينجيني في سفري ويحسن ورودي على ما أرد عليه اسألك بحق الله لما مضيت لحاجتك وتركتني،

And by this chain, from Sufyan Bin Ayayna who said,

‘Al-Zuhry saw Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws on a cold and rainy night, and upon his-asws back was some flour and firewood, and he-asws was walking. So he said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! What is this?’ He-asws said: ‘I-asws intend for a journey and am preparing provisions for it. I-asws am carrying it to a safe place’. So Al-Zuhry said, ‘So this is my slave, he would carry it for you-asws’. But he-asws refused. So he said, ‘I will carry it from you-asws, for I am more appropriate than you-asws for carrying it’. So Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘But I-asws do not consider myself-asws higher from what would save me-asws in my-asws journey, and that my-asws return should be good upon what I-asws am intending for. I-asws ask you for the Sake of Allah-azwj, go and fulfil your need and leave me-asws’.

فانصرفت عنه فلما كان بعد أيام قلت له: يابن رسول الله لست أرى لذلك السفر الذي ذكرته أثرا، قال بلى يا زهري ليس ما ظننته ولكنه الموت وله كنت استعد، إنما الاستعداد للموت تجنب الحرام وبذل الندى والخير.

So he left from him-asws. So when it was a few days later, he said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! I did not see you-asws go on that journey which you-asws had previously mentioned?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, O Zuhry! It is not what you are thinking of, but it is the death, and it is for it that I-asws was preparing. But rather, the preparation for the death is to stay away from the Prohibition, and stay on the generosity, and the goodness’.[171]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن احمد بن الوليد (رض) قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن علي بن اسماعيل، عن محمد بن عمر عن ابيه، عن علي بن المغيرة عن ابان بن تغلب قال: قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” إنى رأيت علي بن الحسين ” ع ” إذا قام في الصلاة غشى لونه لون آخر: فقال لي والله ان علي بن الحسين كان يعرف الذي يقوم بين يديه.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ali Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Bin Umar, from his father, from Ali Bin Al Mugheira, from Abab Bin Taghlub who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘I saw Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws when he-asws stood for the Prayer, his-asws colour was overcome by another colour’, so he-asws said to me: ‘By Allah-azwj! Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws used to recognise the One in front of Whom he-asws was standing for’.[172]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن حماد بن عيسى قال: حدثني بعض أصحابنا، عن ابى حمزة الثمالى قال: رأيت علي بن الحسين عليهما السلام يصلى فسقط رداؤه عن احد منكبيه قال: فلم يسوه حتى فرغ من صلاته قال: فسألته عن ذلك فقال ويحك أتدرى بين يدي من كنت ان العبد لا يقبل من صلاته إلا ما أقبل عليه منها بقلبه

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from one of our companions, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘I saw Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Praying, so his-asws cloak fell off from one of his-asws shoulder, so he-asws did not straighten it until he-asws was free from his-asws Prayer. So, I asked him-asws about that, so he-asws said: ‘Woe be unto you! Do you know in front of Whom I-asws was? Nothing is Acceptable from the Prayer of a servant except for what he performs from it by his heart’.

وكان علي بن الحسين عليهما السلام ليخرج في الليلة الظلماء فيحمل الجراب فيه الصرر من الدنانير والدراهم حتى يأتي بابا بابا فيقرعه ثم يناول من يخرج إليه فلما مات علي بن الحسين عليهما السلام فقدوا ذلك فعلموا أن علي بن الحسين عليهما السلام الذي كان يفعل ذلك.

And Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws used to go out in the darkness of the night, so he-asws would carry the bags of Dinaar and Dirhams until he-asws would come to a door after a door and know upon it. So the one who would come out to him-asws would take it. So, when Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws passed away, that was lost, and they came to know that it was Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws who used to do that’.[173]

 (باب 166 – العلة التى من أجلها سمى علي بن الحسين ” ع ” السجاد)

Chapter 166 – The reason due to which Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws was named as ‘Al-Sajaad’ (The Prostrating one)

حدثنا محمد بن محمد بن عصام الكليني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يعقوب الكليني رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن الحسني وعلي بن محمد ابن عبد الله جميعا عن ابراهيم بن اسحاق الاحمر، عن عبد الرحمان بن عبد الله الخزاعى عن نصر بن مزاحم المنقري، عن عمرو بن شمر، عن جابر بن يزيد الجعفي قال: قال أبو جعفر محمد بن الباقر ” ع ” ان ابى علي بن الحسسين ” ع ” ما ذكر نعمة الله عليه إلا سجد، ولاقرأ آية من كتاب الله عز وجل وفيها سجود إلا سجد ولادفع الله تعالى عنه سوء يخشاه أو كيد كايد إلا سجد، ولافرغ من صلاة مفروضة إلا سجد، ولاوفق لاصلاح بين اثنين إلا سجد، وكان اثر السجود فجميع مواضع سجوده فسمى السجاد لذلك.

Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Asaam Al Kulayni narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub Al Kulayni, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Al Hasany and Ali Bin Muhammad Ibn Abdullah, together from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Ahmar, from Abdul Rahma Bin Abdullah Al Khazai’e, from Nasr Bin Mazaham Al Manqary, from umaro Bin Shimr, from Jabir Bin Yazeed Al Ju’fy who said,

‘Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws would not remember a Bounty of Allah-azwj except that he-asws would Prostrate, nor read a Verse from the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and in it would be Prostration, except that he-asws would Prostrate, nor would Allah-azwj Repel an evil from him-asws which he-asws feared, or a plot of a plotter, except that he-asws would Prostrate, nor being free from an Obligatory Prayer, except that he-asws would Prostrate, nor effect reconciliation between two (persons), except that he-asws would Prostrate. And the effects of the Prostrations were on all of his-asws places (body parts) of Prostrations. Thus, he-asws was named as ‘Sajaad’ due to that’.[174]

(باب 167 – العلة التى من أجلها سمى علي بن الحسين ” ع ” ذا الثفنات)

Chapter 167 – The reason due to which Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws was named as ‘Zul-Safanaat’ (One with Callusses)

حدثنا محمد بن محمد بن عصام الكليني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يعقوب الكليني قال: حدثنا علي بن محمد عن أبى علي محمد بن اسماعيل بن موسى بن جعفر بن محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن ابى طالب عن ابيه، عن آبائه عن محمد بن علي الباقر ” ع ” قال كان لابي ” ع ” في موضع سجوده آثار ناتية وكان يقطعها في السنة مرتين في كل مرة خمس ثفنات، فسمي ذا الثفنات لذلك.

Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Asaam Al Kulayni narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub Al Kulayni, from Ali Bin Muhammad,

from Abu Ali Muhammad Bin Ismail son of Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Muhammad-asws Bin Ali Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘There used to be for my-asws father-asws, in a place of his-asws Prostrations (forehead), effects of swelling, and he-asws used to have it cut off twice during the year, in each time, five calluses. Thus, he-asws was named as ‘Zul-Safanaat’ due to that’.[175]

(باب 168 – العلة التى من أجلها سمى أبو جعفر محمد بن على ” ع ” الباقر)

Chapter 168 – The reason due to which Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws was named as ‘Al-Baqir’ (The Expounder)

حدثنا أبو العباس محمد بن ابراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا عبد العزيز بن يحيى البصري بالبصرة قال حدثنى المغيرة بن محمد قال حدثنا رجاء بن سلمة عن عمرو بن شمر قال: سألت جابر بن يزيد الجعفي فقلت له لم سمي الباقر باقرا؟ قال: لانه بقر العلم بقرا – أي شقه شقا واظهره إظهارا

Abu Al Abbas Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya Al Basry at Al basra, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad ,from Raja’a Bin Salma,

(It has been narrated) from Amro Bin Shimr who said, ‘I asked Jabir Bin Yazeed Al-Ju’fy, so I said to him, ‘Why was Al-Baqir-asws named as ‘Baqir’?’ He said, ‘Because he-asws expounded the Knowledge with an expansion – i.e. he-asws cleft it asunder with a cleaving, and manifested it with a manifestation.

ولقد حدثنى جابر بن عبد الله الانصاري انه سمع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يقول: يا جابر إنك ستبقى حتى تلقى ولدي محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن ابى طالب المعروف في التوراة بباقر فإذا لقيته فاقرأه منى السلام، فلقيه جابر بن عبد الله الانصاري في بعض سكك المدينة فقال له يا غلام من أنت؟ قال: انا محمد بن علي بن الحسين ابن علي بن ابى طالب،

An Jabir Bin Abdullah Al Ansary had narrated to me that he had heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘O Jabir! You will be remaining until you meet my-saww son Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, well known in the Torah as ‘Baqir’. So when you meet him-asws, convey the greetings from me-saww. So Jabir Bin Abdullah Al-Ansary met him-asws in one of the markets of Al-Medina, so he said to him-asws, ‘O boy! Who are you?’ He-asws said: ‘I-asws am Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Ibn Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.

قال له جابر يا بني إقبل فاقبل ثم قال له ادبر فادبر، فقال: شمائل رسول الله ورب الكعبة، ثم قال يا بنى رسول الله يقرؤك السلام فقال على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله السلام مادامت السماوات والارض وعليك يا جابر بما بلغت السلام

Jabir said to him-asws, ‘O my son! Face me’. So he-asws faced him. Then he said, ‘Turn around!’ So he-asws turned around. So he said, ‘By the Lord-azwj of the Kabah! You resemble Rasool-Allah-saww’. Then he said, ‘O my son! Rasool-Allah-saww sent the greetings to you-asws’. So he-asws said: ‘The greetings be upon Rasool-Allah-saww for as long as the skies and the earth exist, and upon you O Jabir, due to your delivery of the greetings’.

فقال له جابر يا باقر أنت الباقر حقا أنت الذي تبقر العلم بقرا ثم كان جابر يأتيه فيجلس بين يديه فيعلمه وربما غلط جابر فيما يحدث به عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فيرد عليه ويذكره فيقبل ذلك منه ويرجع إلى قوله وكان يقول يا باقر يا باقر يا باقر أشهد بالله إنك قد أوتيت الحكم صبيا.

Jabir said to him-asws, ‘O Baqir-asws! You-asws are truly Al-Baqir-asws who would be expounding the Knowledge with an expansion’. Then Jabir used to come to him-asws, and he would be seated in front of him-asws, so he would let him-asws know (Ahadeeth), and wherever Jabir used to get it wrong with regards to what he had narrated with from Rasool-Allah-saww, so he-asws would repudiate it back to him, and he-asws would remind him, so he would accept that from him-asws, and he would return to his-asws words, and he used to be saying, ‘O Baqir! O Baqir! O Baqir! I testify by Allah-azwj that you-asws have been Given the Wisdom whilst a child’.[176]

(169 – العلة التى من أجلها سمى أبو عبد الله جعفر بن محمد) (عليهما السلام: الصادق)

Chapter 169 – The reason due to which Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws was named as ‘Al-Sadiq’ (The Truthful)

حدثنا علي بن احمد بن محمد رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن هارون الصوفى قال: حدثنا أبو بكر عبيدالله بن موسى الحبال الطبري قال: حدثنا محمد ابن الحسين الخشاب قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحصين قال: حدثنا المفضل بن عمر عن ابن حمزة ثابت بن دينار الثمالى عن علي بن الحسين عن ابيه عن جده عليهما السلام قال: قال رسول صلى الله عليه وآله إذ ولد إبني جعفر بن محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن علي ابن ابى طالب فسموه الصادق، فانه سيكون في ولده سمي له يدعي الاءمامة بغير حقها ويسمى كذابا.

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Haroun Al Sowfy, from Abu Bakr Ubeydullah Bin Musa Al Habaal Al Tabary, from Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Al Khashaab, from Muhammad Bin Al Haseyn, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar, from Ibn Hamza Sabit Bin Dinaar Al Sumaly,

(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When my-saww son-asws Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Ibn Abu Talib-asws is appears (to the World), so name him-asws as ‘Al-Sadiq’, for there would be a child in his-asws son with a name of his-asws, who would be calling to the Imamate without having its right to do so, and he should be called ‘Kazaaba’ (The liar)’.[177]

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادى عن احمد بن محمد بن خالد عن ابيه قال: حدثنا أبو احمد محمد بن زباد الازدي قال سمعت مالك بن أنس فقيه المدينة يقول كنت ادخل إلى الصادق جعفر بن محمد عليهما السلام فيقدم لى مخدة ويعرف لى قدرا ويقول يا مالك إنى أحبك فكنت اسر بذلك واحمد الله تعالى عليه قال وكان ” ع ” لا يخلو من احد ثلاث خصال أما صايما واما قايما واما ذاكرا وكان من عظماء العباد واكابر الزهاد الذين يخشون الله عزوجل وكان كثير الحديث طيب المجالسة كثير الفوائد

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Abu Ahmad Muhammad Bin Zabaad Al Azdy who said,

‘I heard Maalik Bin Anas, a jurist of Al Medina saying, ‘I used to go over to Al Sadiq Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws, so he-asws would provide a pillow for me, and exalt my worth for me, and he-asws was saying: ‘O Maalik! I-asws love you’. I used to rejoice due to that and Praise Allah-azwj the High over it. And he-asws was never devoid of one of the three qualities – either he-asws was Fasting, or standing (in Prayer), or in Remembrance (of Allah-azwj). And he-asws was one of the greatest worshippers, and of great ascetism, who used to fear Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and he-asws was of numerous Ahadeeth, goodly gatherings, and abundant benefits.

فإذا قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله أخضر مرة واصفر أخرى حتى ينكره من يعرفه ولقد حججت معه سنة فلما استوت به راحلته عند الاحرام كان كلماهم بالتلبية انقطع الصوت في حلقه وكاد ان يخر من راحلته فقلت قل يابن رسول الله ولا بذلك من ان تقول فقال يابن ابى عامر كيف اجسر ان اقول لبيك اللهم لبيك واخشى ان يقول تعالى لى لالبيك ولاسعديك.

So whenever he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said’ – (his-asws colour would change) sometimes green, sometimes yellow, to the extent that the one who knew him-asws would deny him-asws. And I performed Hajj with him-asws one year, so when I prepared his-asws ride for him-asws whilst in Ihraam, when he-asws exclaimed Talbiyya (Allahumma Labbayk), his-asws voice got cut-off in his-asws throat, and he-asws almost fell off from his-asws ride’. So I said, ‘Say it, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, and that cannot be without saying it’. So he-asws said: ‘O cousin! How can I-asws have the audacity that I-asws should say: ‘Here I-asws am at Your-azwj service O Allah-azwj, here I-asws am!, (I-asws fear) that the High-azwj would be Saying to me-asws: “I-azwj am her for you-asws and for your-asws Assistance”.[178]

(باب 171 – العلة التى من أجلها قيل بالوقف على موسى بن جعفر ” ع “)

Chapter 171 – The reason due to which it was said with the pausing over Musa Bin Ja’far-asws

وبهذا الاسناد عن محمد بن جمهور عن احمد بن حماد قال: احد القوم عثمان بن عيسى وكان يكون بمصر وكان عنده مال كثير وستة جواري قال: فبعث إليه أبو الحسن الرضا عليه السلام فيهن وفي المال، قال: فكتب إليه ان أباك لم يمت قال فكتب إليه أن أبى قد مات وقد اقتسمنا ميراثه وقد صحت الاخبار بموته واحتج عليه فيه

And by this chain, from Muhammad Bin Jamhour, from Ahmad Bin Hamaad who said,

‘One of the people, was Usman Bin Isa, and he was situated at Egypt, and with him was a lot of wealth and six maids (which belonged to the 7th Imam-asws). So Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws sent a message to him regarding them and the wealth. So he wrote back, ‘You-asws father-asws has not died’. So he-asws wrote back: ‘My-asws father-asws has indeed passed away, and we have distributed his-asws inheritance, and the news of his-asws passing away is correct’, and argued against him with regards to it.

قال فكتب إليه ان لم يكن ابوك مات فليس لك من ذلك شئ وان كان قد مات على ما تحكي فلم يأمرنى بدفع شئ اليك وقد اعتقت الجوارى وتزوجتهن.

He (the narrator) said, ‘So he wrote back to him-asws that, ‘If your-asws father-asws had not died, so there is nothing for you-asws from that, and if he-asws had indeed died, as you-asws are telling me, so he-asws did not order me to hand over anything to you-asws, and I have freed the maids and got them married already’.[179]

(باب 172 العلة التى من أجلها سمى على بن موسى الرضا ” ع “)

Chapter 172 – The reason due to which Ali Bin Musa Al-Reza was named as ‘Al-Reza’ (The Satisfaction)

حدثنا احمد بن علي بن ابراهيم رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنى ابى، عن جدى إبراهيم بن هاشم عن احمد بن ابى نصر البزنطى قال: قلت لابي جعفر محمد ابن علي الثاني عليهما السلام ان قوما من مخالفيكم يزعمون ان أباك صلوات الله عليه إنما سماه المأمون الرضا لما رضيه لولاية عهده، فقال، كذبوا والله وفجروا بل الله تعالى سماه الرضا لانه كان ” ع ” رضى الله تعالى ذكره في سمائه ورضى لرسوله والائمة بعده عليهم السلام في أرضه

Ahmad Bin Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from his grandfather Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Ahmad Bin Abu Nasr Al Bazanty who said,

‘I said to Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Ibn Ali-asws, the Second (9th Imam-asws), that, ‘A group of adversaries are alleging that your-asws father-asws was named by Al-Mamoun as ‘Al-Reza’ when he-asws was satisfied with the mandate of his reign’. So he-asws said: ‘They are lying, By Allah-azwj, and slandering! But, it was Allah-azwj the High Who Named him-asws as ‘Al-Reza’ because he-asws was satisfied with Allah-azwj, Elevated is His-azwj Mention, with regards to Him-azwj Naming him-asws, and was satisfied with His-azwj Rasool-saww, and with the Imams-asws from after him-saww, with His-azwj satisfaction’.

قال: فقلت له ألم يكن كل واحد من آبائك الماضين عليهم السلام رضى الله تعالى ولرسوله والائمة بعده؟ فقال بلى، فقلت له فلم سمى اباك ” ع ” من بينهم الرضا؟ قال لانه رضى به المخالفون من اعدائه، كما رضى الله الموافقون من أوليائه ولم يكن ذلك لاحد من آبائه عليهم السلام، فلذلك سمي من بينهم الرضا عليه السلام.

He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Were not each one-asws of your-asws past fathers-asws satisfied with Allah-azwj the High and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the Imams-asws from after him-saww?’ So he-asws said: ‘Yes’. So I said, ‘So why was your-asws father-asws (in particular) named as ‘Al-Reza’, from in between them-asws all?’ He-asws said: ‘Because even the adversaries from his-asws enemies were satisfied just as the conformists from his-asws friends were, and that had never happened for anyone from his-asws forefathers-asws. Thus, it is due to that, he-asws was named, from in between them, as ‘Al-Reza’.[180]

(باب 173 – العلة التى من أجلها قبل الرضا ” ع ” من المأمون ولاية عهده)

Chapter 173 – The reason due to which Al-Reza-asws accepted the mandate of the reign from Al-Mamoun

حدثنا الحسين بن ابراهيم بن ناتانة قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم، عن ابيه ابراهيم بن هاشم، عن ابى الصلت الهروي قال: ان المأمون قال للرضا علي بن موسى ” ع ” يابن رسول الله قد عرفت فضلك وعلمك وزهدك وورعك وعبادتك وأراك أحق بالخلافة منى، فقال الرضا ” ع ” بالعبودية لله عز وجل أفتخر، وبالزهد في الدنيا أرجو النجاة من شر الدنيا، وبالورع عن المحارم أرجو الفوز بالمغانم وبالتواضع في الدنيا أرجو الرفعة عند الله تعالى،

Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Natana narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Abu Al Salt Al Harawy who said,

‘Al-Mamoun said to Al-Reza Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws, ‘O son of Rasool-Allah-saww! I do recognise your-asws merits, and your-asws Knowledge, and your-asws asceticism (abstaining from world desires), and your-asws piety, and your-asws worship, and I see you-asws as being more rightful for the Caliphate than I am’. So Al-Reza-asws said: ‘And as for the worship for the Sake of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, I-asws take pride in it; and with the asceticism in the world, I-asws hope to be saved from the evil of the world; and with the (observance of) piety from the Prohibitions I-asws hope for the success; and with the modesty in the world I-asws hope for the elevation in the Presence of Allah-azwj the High’.

فقال له المأمون: انى قد رأيت أن أعزك نفسي عن الخلافة واجعلها لك وأبايعك! فقال له الرضا ان كانت هذه الخلافة لك وجعلها الله لك فلا يجوز لك أن تخلع لباسا ألبسكه الله وتجعله لغيرك وان كانت الخلافة ليست لك فلا يجوز لك تجعل لي ما ليس لك فقال له المأمون يابن رسول الله لابد لك من قبول هذا الامر فقال لست أفعل ذلك طايعا ابدا

So Al-Mamoun said to him-asws, ‘It is my view that I cherish you-asws myself about the Caliphate and make it to be for you-asws and pledge the allegiance to you!’ So Al-Reza-asws said: ‘If this Caliphate was for you, and Allah-azwj had Made it to be for you, so then there is no permission for you that you should take off its clothes which Allah-azwj has Clothed you with, and make it to be for someone else. However, if this Caliphate was not for you, then there is no permission for you that you should make it to be for me-asws what was not for you (in the first place)’. So Al-Mamoun said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! It is inevitable for you-asws to accept this command’. So he-asws said: ‘I-asws will not be doing that willingly, ever’.

فما زال يجهد به اياما حتى يئس من قبوله له فان لم تقبل الخلافة ولم تحب مبايعتي لك فكن ولى عهدي لتكون لك الخلافة بعدى فقال الرضا ” ع ” والله لقد حدثنى ابى عن آبائه عن أمير المؤمنين عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله انى اخرج من الدنيا قبلك مقتولا بالسم مظلوما تبكى على ملائكة السماء وملائكة الارض وادفن في أرض غربة إلى جنب هارون الرشيد

So he-asws did not cease to argue against it for days, until he despaired from his-asws acceptance of it. He said, ‘So if you-asws do not accept the Caliphate, and do not like the pledging of my allegiance to you-asws, so let the mandate of my reign of the Caliphate come to be for you-asws, after me’. So Al-Reza-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! My-asws father-asws has narrated to me-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Amir Al-Momineen-asws, from Rasool-Allah-saww, that I-asws would be exiting from the world before you, having been murdered by the poison, as an oppressed one. The Angels of the sky and the Angels of the earth would weep over me-asws, and I-asws would be buried in a foreign land, by the side of Haroun Al-Rashid’.

فبكى المأمون ثم قال له يابن رسول الله ومن الذي يقتلك أو يقدر على الاساءة اليك وانا حى قال الرضا ” ع ” اما انى لو اشاء ان أقول من الذي يقتلى لقلت فقال المأمون يابن رسول الله انما تريد بقولك هذا التخفيف عن نفسك ودفع هذا الامر عنك ليقول الناس انك زاهد في الدنيا فقال الرضا ” ع ” والله ما كذبت منذ خلقني ربى تعالى وما زهدت في الدنيا للدنيا وانى لا علم ما تريد

So Al-Mamoun wept, then said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! And who is the one who would be killing you, or be able to do some evil to you-asws and I am still alive?’ Al-Reza-asws said: ‘But, if I-asws so desire, I-asws would tell who it is who would be killing me, and I-asws would say it’. So Al-Mamoun said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! But rather, you-asws are intending by this speech of yours-asws, the lightening from yourself-asws and the handing over this command away from you, so that the people would be saying that you-asws an ascetic in the world’. So Al-Reza-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws have never lied since my-asws Lord-azwj the High Created me-asws, and I-asws am not an ascetic in the world for the sake of the world, and I-asws am well away from what you are intending’.

قال المأمون وما أريد قال الامان على الصدق قال لك الامان قال تريد بذلك ان يقول الناس ان علي بن موسى الرضا لم يزهد في الدنيا بل زهدت الدنيا فيه الا ترون كيف قبل ولاية العهد طمعا في الخلافة فغضب المأمون

Al-Mamoun said, ‘And what do I intend?’ He-asws said: ‘(would there be) the safety (for me-asws) upon the (speaking of) the truth?’ He said, ‘For you-asws is the safety’. He-asws said: ‘You are intending by that, that the people would be saying that Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws was not an ascetic in the world, but he-asws was an ascetic for the sake of the world contained in it. Are you all not seeing how he-asws accepted the reign, out of greed with regards to the Caliphate?’ So Al-Mamoun got angered.

ثم قال انك تتلقاني ابدا بما اكرهه وقد آمنت سطوتي فبالله أقسم لئن قبلت ولاية العهد وإلا أجبرتك على ذلك فان فعلت وإلا ضربت عنقك فقال الرضا ” ع ” قد نهانى الله عزوجل ان القى بيدى إلى التهلكة فان كان الامر على هذا فافعل مابدا لك وانا أقبل ذلك على ان لا أولى احدا ولا أعزل احدا ولا انقض رسما ولا سنة واكون في الامر بعيدا مشيرا فرضى منه بذلك وجعله ولى عهده على كراهة منه ” ع ” لذلك.

Then he said, ‘You-asws always make me face what I dislike and have believed in my reign. So it is by Allah-azwj that I swear, if you-asws were to accept the mandate for the reign, then I shall inform you-asws of it upon that, so if you were to do it (fine), or else I shall strike off your-asws neck’. So Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Forbidden me-asws to go towards the destruction by my-asws own hands, therefore if the matter was upon this (striking off of my-asws neck), so do whatever comes to you, and I-asws shall accept that upon (the stipulations) that I-asws shall neither bring anyone closer (appoint anyone for a post), nor disarm anyone (remove anyone from a post), nor break any tradition or any Sunnah, and that I-asws shall be a remote advisor with regards to the matters (of the state). So, he was pleased from it by that and made him-asws to be mandated for the reign upon abhorrence from him-asws, for that’.[181]

حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا جعفر بن محمد ابن مسعود، عن ابيه قال حدثنا محمد بن نصير، عن الحسن بن موسى قال روى اصحابنا عن الرضا ” ع ” انه قال له رجل اصلحك الله كيف صرت إلى ما صرت إليه من المأمون فكان انكر ذلك عليه فقال له أبو الحسن ” ع ” يا هذا انما افضل النبي أو الوصي؟ فقال لا بل النبي قال فايما أفضل مسلم أو مشرك؟ قال لا بل مسلم قال فان العزيز عزيز مصر كان مشركا وكان يوسف ” ع ” نبيا وان المأمون مسلم وانا وصى ويوسف سأل العزيز ان يوليه حين قال اجعلني على خزائن الارض انى حفيظ عليم والمأمون اجبرني ما أنا فيه

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Al Muzaffar narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Ibn Masoud, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Naseyr, from Al Hassan Bin Musa who said,

‘Our companions reported from Al-Reza-asws, that a man said to him-asws, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! How did you-asws come to what Al-Mamoun wanted you-asws to come to, and you-asws kept on denying that to him?’ So Abu Al-Hassan-asws said to him: ‘O you! But rather, is a Pophet-as higher or a successor-as?’ So he said, ‘No, but the Prophet-as is’. He-asws said: ‘So which one is higher, a Muslim or a Polytheist?’ He said, ‘No, but, a Muslim is’. He-asws said: ‘Al-Aziz the ruler of Egypt was a Polytheist, and Yusuf-as was a Prophet-as, and Al-Mamoun is a Muslim and I-asws am a successor-asws, and Yusuf-asws asked Al-Aziz to mandate him-as for the reign where he-as said [12:55] He said: Place me (in authority) over the treasures of the land, I am a good keeper, knowing well, and Al-Mamoun informed me-asws of what I-asws was to be’.

وقال ” ع ” في قوله تعالى (اجعلني على خزائن الارض انى حفيظ عليم) قال حافظ لما في يدى عالم بكل لسان.

And he-asws said with regards to the Words of the High 12:55] Place me (in authority) over the treasures of the land, I am a good keeper, knowing well: ‘A keeper of whatever is in my-as hands (under my-as control), and a knower of every language’.[182]

حدثنا احمد بن زياد الهمداني رحمه الله قال حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن ابيه عن الريان بن الصلت قال دخلت على علي موسى بن الرضا ” ع ” فقلت له يابن رسول الله ان الناس يقولون انك قبلت ولاية العهد مع اظهارك الزهد في الدنيا

Ahmad Bin Ziyad Al Hamdany narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Al Rayan Bin Al Salt who said,

‘I came to Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws, so I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! The people are saying that you-asws accepted the rule (to be the heir apparent – ولاية العهد) along with your display of asceticism of the world’.

فقال ” ع ” قد علم الله كراهتي لذلك فلما خيرت بين قبول ذلك وبين القتل اخترت القبول على القتل ويحهم أما علموا ان يوسف ” ع ” كان نبيا رسولا فلما دفعته الضرورة إلى تولى خزائن العزيز قال له اجعلني على خزائن الارض انى حفيظ عليم ودفعتني الضرورة إلى قبول ذلك على اكراه واجبار بعد الاشراف على الهلاك على انى ما دخلت في هذا الامر إلا دخول خارج منه فالى الله المشتكى وهو المستعان.

He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the High Knows of my-asws abhorrence to that. So when I-asws chose between the acceptance of that and the killing, I-asws chose to accept rather than be killed. Woe be unto them all! Yusuf-as was a Prophet-as and a Rasool-as, and when it became necessary to rule over the treasury of the king, he-as said to him [12:55] He said: Place me (in authority) over the treasures of the land, I am a good keeper, knowing well, and it led me-asws to the acceptance of that over my-asws abhorrence and compulsion. After having overlooked the destruction, I-asws did not enter into this matter except for the entering from the peripheries of it. So, it is to Allah-azwj that I-asws complain, and He-azwj is the Support’.[183]

 (باب 174 – علة قتل المأمون للرضا ” ع ” بالسم)

Chapter 174 – Reason for Al-Mamoun murdering Al-Reza-asws by the poison

حدثنا الحسين بن ابراهيم بن هشام المؤدب وعلي بن عبد الله الوراق واحمد بن زياد بن جعفر الهمداني رضى الله عنهم قالوا: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم بن هاشم، عن ابيه عن محمد بن سنان قال: كنت عند مولاي الرضا ” ع ” بخراسان وكان المأمون يقعده على يمينه إذا قعد للناس يوم الاثنين ويوم الخميس فرفع إلى المأمون ان رجلا من الصوفية سرق فامر باحضاره فلما نظر إليه وجده متقشفا بين عينيه اثر السجود

Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Hisham Al Mowdab narrated to us, and Ali Bin Abdulla Al Waraq, and Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan who said,

‘I was in the presence of my Master-asws Al-Reza-asws at Khurasaan, and Al-Mamoun had him-asws seated on his right, whenever he used to have a gathering for the people on Mondays and Thursdays. A matter was raised to Al-Mamoun in the case of a man from the Sufis who had committed theft. So he ordered for him to be presented. So when he looked at him, he found austerity in between his eyes, the effects of the Prostrations.

فقال سواة لهذه الآثار الجميلة وهذا الفعل القبيح تنسب إلى السرقة مع ما أرى من جميع آثارك وظاهرك قال: فقال ذلك اضطرارا لا إختيارا حين منعتني حقى من الخمس والفئ قال المأمون: وأي حق لك في الخمس والفى؟ قال إن الله تعالى قسم الخمس ستة اقسام فقال: (واعلموا إنما غنمتم من شئ فان لله خمسة وللرسول ولذي القربى واليتامى والمساكين وابن السبيل ان كنتم آمنتم بالله وما أنزلنا على عبدنا يوم الفرقان يوم التقى الجمعان) وقسم الفئ على ستة اسهم فقال الله تعالى: (ما أفاء الله على رسوله من أهل القرى فلله وللرسول ولذي القربى واليتامى والمساكين وابن السبيل كيلا يكون دولة بين الاغنياء منكم)

So he said, ‘Besides all these beautiful effects, this is an ugly deed been attached to you, of the theft, along with what I see from the entirety of your effects and your apparent appearance’.

He said, ‘That is from the restlessness, not by choice, when you prevented me from Al-Khums and Al-Fey’. Al-Mamoun said, ‘And which right is there for your from Al-Khums and Al-Fey?’ He said, ‘Allah-azwj the High as Divided Al-Khums into six divisions, so He-azwj Said [8:41] And know that whatever war booty you gain, a fifth of it is for Allah and for the Rasool and for the near of kin and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarer, if you believe in Allah and in that which We Revealed to Our servant, on the Day of Distinction, the day on which the two parties met. And He-azwj Divided Al-Fey over six portions, so He-azwj Said [59:7] Whatever Allah has restored to His Rasool from the people of the towns, it is for Allah and for the Rasool, and for the near of kin and the orphans and the needy and the sons of the Way, so that it may not be a thing taken by turns among the rich ones of you.

فمنعتني حقى وانا ابن السبيل منقطع بى ومسكين لا ارجع إلى شئ ومن حملة القرآن فقال المأمون: أعطل حدا من حدود الله وحكما من احكامه في السارق من أجل اساطير هذه؟ فقال الصوفي إبدا بنفسك فطهرها ثم طهر غيرك واقم حد الله عليها، فالتفت المأمون إلى أبى الحسن ” ع ” فقال: ما يقول؟ فقال انه يقول سرقت فسرق،

Thus, you have prevented from me, my rightful (allocation), and I am a wayfarer, cut off from my dwelling, a poor one, not having anything to return to, and I am from the bearers (Memorisers) of the Quran’. So Al-Mamoun said, ‘(You wish me to) withhold a Limit from the Limits of Allah-azwj, and a Judgement from His-azwj Judgements with regards to the theft, from such stories as these?’ So the Sufi said, ‘Begin with your own self, so purify it, then purify others and establish a Limit of Allah-azwj over it’. So Al-Mamoun turned towards Abu Al-Hassan-asws, so he said, ‘What is he saying?’ So he-asws said: ‘He is saying that you are a thief and he is a thief’.

فغضب المأمون غضبا شديدا ثم قال للصوفي والله لاقطعنك فقال الصوفي أتقطعني وأنت عبد لى فقال: المأمون ويلك ومن أين صرت عبدا؟ لك قال لان أمك اشتريت من مال المسلمين فانت عبد لمن في المشرق والمغرب حتى يعتقوك وأنا لم اعتقك ثم بلعت الخمس بعد ذلك فلا أعطيت آل الرسول حقا ولا اعطيتني ونظرائي حقا، واخرى ان الخبيث لا يطهر خبيثا انما يطهره طاهر، ومن في جنبه الحد فلا يقيم الحدود على غيره حتى يبدأ بنفسه أما سمعت الله تعالى يقول: (أتأمرون الناس بالبر وتنسون انفسكم وانتم تتلون الكتاب أفلا تعقلون)

So Al-Mamoun got angry with an intense anger, then said to the Sufi, ‘By Allah-azwj! I shall cut (your hands) off!’ So the Sufi said, ‘You will cut (my hands) off, and you are a slave of mine?’ So Al-Mamoun said, ‘Woe be unto you! And from where did I become a slave for your?’ He said, ‘Because your mother was bought from the wealth of the Muslims, therefore you are a slave of the ones in the east and the west until they free you, and I will never set you free.

Then you swallowed up Al-Khums after that, so you did not give the Progeny-asws of the Rasool-saww their-asws right, nor did you give it to me, nor my peers their right. And another thing, the evil one does not purify the evil one, but rather it is the pure one who purifies him, and the one in whose side is the Limit cannot establish the Limit upon others until he begins with himself. But, have you not heard Allah-azwj the High Saying [2:44] Are you ordering the people to be good and neglecting your own souls while you read the Book; have you then no sense?’.

فالتفت المأمون إلى ابى الحسن ” ع ” فقال ما ترى في أمره؟ فقال ” ع “: قل فلله الحجة البالغة وهى التى تبلغ الجاهل فيعلمها بجهله كما يعلمها العالم بعلمه والدنيا والآخرة قايمتان بالحجة وقد احتج الرجل بالقرآن

So Al-Mamoun turned towards Abu Al-Hassan-asws, so he said, ‘What is your-asws view regarding his matter?’ So he-asws said: ‘[6:149] Say: Then Allah’s is the conclusive Argument – and it is which the ignorant one delivers it, so he learns it by his ignorance, just as the knowledgeable one learns it by his knowledge, and the world and the Hereafter are both standing by the Proofs, and the man has argued by the Quran’.

فأمر المأمون عند ذلك باطلاق الصوفي واحتجب عن الناس واشتغل بابى الحسن ” ع ” حتى سمه فقتله وقتل الفضل بن سهل وجماعة من الشيعة.

So, during that, Al-Mamoun ordered for the Sufi to be set free, and veiled himself from the people, and kept himself occupied with Abu Al-Hassan-asws to the extent that he poisoned him-asws, and killed Al-Fazal Bin Sahl, and a group from the Shiah’.[184]

(باب 179 – علة الغيبة)

Chapter 179 – Reason for the occultation

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضى الله عنه، عن ابيه، عن ابيه احمد بن ابى عبد الله البرقى عن محمد بن ابى عمير عن ابان وغيره عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لابد للغلام من غيبة فقيل له ولم يارسول الله قال: يخاف القتل.

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his father, from his father Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Aban and others,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The occultation is inevitable for the boy-asws’. So it was said, ‘And why, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘He-asws would fear the murder’.[185]

حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن يحيى العطار عن ابيه عن محمد بن احمد بن يحيى عن احمد بن الحسين بن عمر بن محمد بن عبد الله عن مروان الانباري قال: خرج من ابى جعفر ” ع ” ان الله إذا كره لنا جوار قوم نزعنا من بين اظهرهم.

Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Al Husayn Bin Umar Bin Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from Marwan Al Anbary who said,

‘It came out from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Whenever Allah-azwj Dislikes for us-asws to be in the vicinity of a people, (Allah-azwj) Removes us-asws from in between their sight’.[186]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر، عن احمد بن هلال، عن عبدالرحما بن ابى نجران عن فضالة بن ايوب عن سدير قال: سمعت ابا عبد الله ” ع ” يقول: ان في القائم سنة من يوسف قلت كأنك تذكر خبره أو غيبته قال لي وما تنكرمن هذه الامة اشباه الخنازير ان اخوة يوسف كانوا أسباطا اولاد انبياء تاجروا بيوسف وباعوه وخاطبوه وهم اخوته وهو اخوهم فلم يعرفوه حتى قال لهم يوسف: انا يوسف

My father said, ‘Abdullah Bin Ja’far narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Hilal, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Sudeyr who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘In Al-Qaim-asws there is a Sunnah from Yusuf-asws’. I said, ‘It looks like you-asws are about to mention his-asws news or his-asws occultation’. He-asws said to me: ‘And what are they denying, the ones from this community who resemble the pigs? The brothers of Yusuf-asws were tribes, children of the Prophets-as. They traded with Yusuf-as and sold him-as, and addressed him-as, and they were his-as brothers, and he-as was their brother. But, they did not recognise him-as until Yusuf-as said to them: ‘I-as am Yusuf-as’.

فما تنكر هذه الامة الملعونة ان يكون الله عز وجل في وقت من الاوقات يريد أن يستر حجته لقد كان يوسف احب إليه من ملك مصر وكان بينه وبين والده مسيرة ثمانية عشر يوما فلو اراد الله عز وجل ان يعرف مكانه لقدر على ذلك والله لقد سار يعقوب وولده عند البشارة تسعة أيام من بدوهم إلى مصر

So what is this Accursed community denying that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Intend to Veil His-azwj Proof-asws, during a time period, from the time period. Yusuf-as was more Beloved to Him-azwj than the king of Egypt, and there was between him-as and his-as father a journey of eighteen days. So, had Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Intended him-as Yaqoub-as to know his-as place, He-azwj had the Power over that, and Allah-azwj had Given the Good News to Yaqoub-as and his-as sons and Made them travel (that journey) in nine days (instead), from the beginning of their journey to Egypt.

فما تنكر هذه الامة ان يكون الله ان يفعل بحجته ما فعل بيوسف وان يكون يسير في أسواقهم ويطأ بسطهم وهم لا يعرفونه حتى يأذن الله عز وجل ان يعرفهم نفسه كما أذن ليوسف حين قال: هل علمتم ما فعلتم بيوسف وأخيه إذ أنتم جاهلون قالوا: إنك لانت يوسف، قال: أنا يوسف وهذا أخى.

So what is this community denying, that Allah-azwj would be Dealing with His-azwj Proof-asws how He-azwj had Dealt with Yusuf-as? And that he-asws would be travelling in their markets and treading (walking) upon their carpets and they would not be recognising him-asws until Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic so Permits him-asws to introduce himself-asws just as He-azwj had previously Permitted Yusuf-as where [12:89] He said: Do you know how you treated Yusuf and his brother when you were ignorant? [12:90] They said: Are you indeed Yusuf? He said: I am Yusuf and this is my brother’.[187]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن الحسن بن عيسى بن محمد بن علي بن جعفر، عن جده محمد بن علي بن جعفر، عن اخيه موسى بن جعفر ” ع ” قال: إذا فقد الخامس من ولد السابع فالله الله في أديانكم لا يزيلكم أحد عنها، يا بنى انه لابد لصاحب هذا الامر من غيبته حتى يرجع عن هذا الامر من كان يقول به إنما هي محنة من الله عز وجل امتحن بها خلقه ولو علم آباءكم واجدادكم دينا أصح من هذا لاتبعوه،

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Isa Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Ja’far, from his grandfather Muhammad Bin Ali,

(It has been narrated from) the son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When the (the people) lose the fifth one-asws from the son-asws of the seventh-asws, so Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to your Religions. No one of you should go away from it. O my-asws son! Occultation is inevitable for the Master of this Command, to the extent that the one who would be speaking by it would return from it. But rather it is a Trial from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Testing His-azwj creatures by it. And had your forefathers-asws found a Religion more correct than this, they-asws would have followed it’.

فقلت يا سيدي من الخامس من ولد السابع؟ قال يا بني عقولكم تصغر عن هذا، واحلامكم تضيق عن حمله، ولكن ان تعيشوا فسوف تدركوه.

So I said, ‘O my Master-asws! Who is the fifth one from the son of the seventh?’ He-asws said: ‘O my-asws son! Your intellects are too small about this, and your dreams are constricted from bearing this, but if you were to live (long enough), so very soon you will see him-asws’.[188]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن احمد العلوي، عن ابى هاشم الجعفري قال: سمعت أبا الحسن العسكري ” ع ” يقول: الخلف بن بعدي الحسن ابني فكيف لكم بالخلف من بعد الخلف قلت: ولم؟ جعلني الله فداك فقال لانكم لاترون شخصه ولا يحل لكم ذكره باسمه، قلت فكيف نذكره فقال: قولوا الحجة من آل محمد صلوات الله وسلامه عليه.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Alawy, from Abu Hashim Al Ja’fary who said,

‘I heard Abu Al-Hassan Al-Askary-asws (9th Imam-asws) saying: ‘The Caliph from after me-asws is my-asws son-asws Al-Hassan-asws. So how would it be for you all with the Caliph from after the Caliph?’ I said, ‘And why? May Allah-azwj Make me to be sacrificed for you-asws’. So he-asws said: ‘Because you all would not be seeing this-asws person, nor would it be Permissible for you all to mention him-asws by his-asws name’. I said, ‘So how would we mention him-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘You should be saying, ‘The Proof-asws (الحجة) from the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww’.[189]

حدثنا محمد بن ابراهيم بن إسحاق رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا احمد بن محمد الهمداني قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن علي بن فضال، عن ابيه عن ابى الحسن علي ابن موسى الرضا ” ع ” انه قال كأنى بالشيعة عند فقدهم الثالث من ولدي يطلبون المرعى فلا يجدونه، قلت له: ولم ذلك يابن رسول الله؟ قال: لان إمامهم يغيب عنهم فقلت ولم؟ قال: لئلا يكون في عنقه لاحد حجة إذا قام بالسيف.

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Al Hasaan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from his father,

Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Ibn Musa Al-Reza-asws has said: ‘It is as if I-asws am with the Shiah during their losing the third from my-asws sons-asws, seeking the pasture, but they are not finding it’. I said to him-asws, ‘And why would that be, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-asws said: ‘Because their Imam-asws would be hidden from them’. So, I said, ‘And why?’ He-asws said: ‘So that there should not remain any argument for anyone upon his-asws neck, when he-asws rises by the sword’.[190]

حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا جعفر بن مسعود وحيدر بن محمد السمرقندى جميعا قالا: حدثنا محمد بن مسعود قال: حدثنا جبرئيل بن احمد عن موسى بن جعفر البغدادي قال: حدثنى الحسن بن محمد الصيرفي، عن حنان بن سدير، عن ابيه عن اخيه عبد الله ” ع ” قال: قال: ان للقايم مناغيبة يطول أمدها فقلت له ولم ذاك يابن رسول الله؟ قال: ان الله عز وجل أبى إلا ان يجرى فيه سنن الانبياء عليهم السلام في غيباتهم وانه لا بد له ياسدير من استيفاء مدد غيباتهم قال الله عز وجل (لتركبن طبقا عن طبق) أي سننا على سنن من كان قبلكم.

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Masoud and Haydar Bin Muhammad Al Samarqandy together, from Muhammad Bin Msoud, from Jibraeel Bin Ahmad, from Musa Bin Ja’far Al Baghdady, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Sayrafi, from Hanan Bin Sudeyr, from his father, from his brother,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘For our-asws Al-Qaim-asws there would be an occultation of a lengthy period’. So I said to him-asws, ‘And why would that be, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Refused except that He-azwj Make to flow in him-asws the Sunnah of the Prophets-as with regards to their occultation(s), and it is inevitable for him-asws, O Sudeyr, to satisfy (be equal to) the terms of (all) their-as occultation(s). Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said [84:19] That you shall most certainly enter one state after another, i.e., a Sunnah from the Sunnahs for the ones who were before you’.[191]

حدثنا عبد الواحد بن محمد بن عبدوس النيسابوري العطار رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن محمد بن قتيبة النيسابوري قال: حدثنا حمدان بن سليمان النيسابوري قال: حدثنا احمد بن عبد الله بن جعفر المدايني، عن عبد الله بن الفضل الهاشمي قال: سمعت الصادق جفعر بن محمد ” ع ” يقول: ان لصاحب هذا الامر غيبة لابد منها يرتاب فيها كل مبطل فقلت له ولم جعلت فداك؟ قال لامر لم يؤذن لنا في كشفه لكم قلت فما وجه الحكمة في غيبته؟ قال وجه الحكمة في غيبته، وجه الحكمة في غيبات من تقدمه من حجج الله تعالى ذكره ان وجه الحكمة في ذلك لا ينكشف إلا بعد ظهوره، كما لا ينكشف وجه الحكمة لما اتاه الخضر ” ع ” من خرق السفينة، وقتل الغلام، وإقامة الجدار لموسى ” ع ” إلا وقت إفتراقهما

Abdul Wahid Bin Muhammad Bin Abdous Al Neysabouri Al Ataar narrated to us, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Quteyba Al Neysabouri, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman Al Neysabouri, from Ahmad Bin Abfullah Bin Ja’far Al Hamdany, from Abdullah Bin Al Fazal Al Hashimy who said,

‘I heard Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws saying: ‘For the Master of this Command, occultation is inevitable. During it, every false one would doubt’. So I said to him-asws, ‘And why, may I be sacrificed for you-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘The matter, it is not Permitted for us-asws in uncovering it from you all’. I said, ‘So what is the aspect of the wisdom regarding his-asws occultation?’ He-asws: ‘The aspect of Wisdom regarding his-asws occultation, is the (same) aspect of Wisdom regarding the occultations of the ones-as who preceded him-asws, from the Proofs-as of Allah-azwj, Elevated is His-azwj Mention, that the aspect of Wisdom regarding his-asws cannot be uncovered except after its manifestation, just as the aspect of Wisdom was not uncovered when Al-Khizr-as came and made a hole in the ship, and killed the boy, and straightened the wall, in front of Musa-as, until the time of their-as separation.

يابن الفضل: ان هذا الامر أمر من أمر الله وسر من سر الله وغيب من غيب الله ومتى علمنا انه عز وجل حكيم صدقنا بان افعاله كلها حكمة وان كان وجهها غير منكشف لنا.

O Ibn Fazal! This matter, is a matter from the Matters of Allah-azwj, and a secret from the Secrets of Allah-azwj, and a hidden from the Hidden of Allah-azwj. And when we know that He-azwj is the Mighty and Majestic, Wise, we ratify that He-azwj is Wise in all of His-azwj Deeds, and that its aspects are not Uncovered for us (at the moment)’.[192]

حدثنا عبد الواحد بن محمد بن عبدوس النيسابوري العطار رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن محمد بن قتيبة، عن حمدان بن سليمان عن محمد بن الحسين عن ابن محبوب عن علي بن رياب عن زرارة قال سمعت أبا جعفر ” ع ” يقول ان للقايم غيبة قبل ظهوره قلت ولم؟ قال يخاف وأومى بيده إلى بطنه قال زرارة يعنى القتل.

Abdul Wahid Bin Muhammad Bin Abdous Al Neysabouri Al Ataar narrated to us, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Quteyba, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ali Bin Rayaab, from Zarara who said,

‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘For Al-Qaim-asws there is an occultation before his-asws appearance’. I said, ‘And why?’ He-asws said: ‘He-asws would fear’ – and he-asws gestured by his-asws hand to his-asws chest’. Zurara said, ‘It means, the murder’.[193]

(باب 180 – علة دفاع الله عز وجل عن أهل المعاصي)

Chapter 180 – Reason for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Repelling (the Punishment) from the people of the disobedience

حدثنا احمد بن هارون الفامى رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن عبد الله ابن جعفر الحميرى قال: حدثنى ابى عن هارون بن مسلم عن مسعدة بن صدقة، عن الصادق جعفر بن محمد، عن ابيه عن آبائه عليهم السلام ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال: ان الله عز وجل إذا رأى اهل قرية قد اسرفوا في المعاصي وفيها ثلاث نفر من المؤمنين ناداهم جل جلاله وتقدست اسماؤه يا أهل معصيتى لولا فيكم من المؤمنين المتحابين بجلالي العامرين بصلاتهم ارضى ومساجدي والمستغفرين بالاسحار خوفا منى لانزلت بكم عذابي ثم لا ابالي.

Ahmad Bin Haroun Al Famy narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Ibn Ja’far Al Humeyri, from his father, from Haroun Bin Muslim, from Mas’ada Bin Sadaqa,

(It has been narrated) from Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Whenever Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sees the people of a town to have been excessive in their disobedience, and therein are three persons from the Believers, He-azwj Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, Calls out to them and Sanctifies their names: “O people who are disobedient to Me-azwj! Had there not been among you the Believers who are admirers of My-azwj Majesty, utilising My-azwj earth and My-azwj Masjids for their Prayers, and seeking Forgiveness with the wakefulness in fear from Me-azwj, I-azwj would have Sent down My-azwj Punishment, then I-azwj would not Care!”[194]

(باب 182 – علل الشرايع واصول الاسلام)

Chapter 182 – Reason for the Laws and the Principles of Al Islam

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا ابراهيم بن مهزيار، عن اخيه علي عن حماد بن عيسى عن ابراهيم بن عمر باسناده يرفعه إلى علي بن ابى طالب ” ع ” انه كان يقول: ان افضل ما توسل به المتوسلون الايمان بالله ورسوله والجهاد في سبيل الله وكلمة الاخلاص فانها الفطرة وتمام الصلاة فانها الملة وايتاء الزكاة فانها من فرايض الله وصوم رمضان فانه جنة من عذابه وحج البيت فانه منفاة للفقرومدحضة للذنب

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his brother Ali, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Ibrahim Bin Umar, by his chain,

(It has been narrated) raising it to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, that he-asws was saying: ‘The best of what the beseeching ones beseech with is the Eman (belief) in Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the Jihaad in the Way of Allah-azwj, and the sincere word, for these are the nature; and the complete Prayers for these are the faith, and giving the Zakat, for these are from the Obligations of Allah-azwj; and Fasting of (Month) of Ramazan, for it is a shield from His-azwj Punishment; and Hajj of the House (Kabah), for these are beneficial for the poverty and the cancellation of the sins;

وصلة الرحم فانه مثراة للمال ومنساة للاجل وصدقة السر فانها تطفى الخطيئة وتطفئ غضب الرب وصنايع المعروف فانها تدفع ميتة السوء وتقى مصارع الهوان

And the maintenance of relationships, for it increases the wealth and is a repellent of the accidents; and charity, for it extinguishes the errors (sins) and extinguishes the Anger of the Lord-azwj; and the doing of the good, so it repels the evil death and saves from the humiliation.

ألا فتصدقوا فان الله مع من تصدق وجانبوا الكذب فان الكذب مجانب الايمان ألا ان الصادق على شفا منجاة وكرامة ألا وان الكاذبين على شفا مخزاة وهلكة ألا وقولوا خيرا تعرفوا به واعلموا به تكونوا من أهله وادوا الامانة إلى من إئتمنكم عليها وصلوا أرحام من قطعكم وعودوا بالفضل على من سألكم.

Indeed! Speak the truth, for Allah-azwj is with the one who speaks the truth, and keep aside from the lies, for the lie keeps aside the faith. Indeed! The truthful is upon verge of salvation and prestige (notability). Indeed! The liars are on the verge of disgrace and destruction. Indeed! And speak goodly to be recognised by it, and known by it in order to become from its people. And fulfil the entrustment to the one who has entrusted it to you, and maintain the relationship with the one who has cut it off from you, and repeat the grace over the one who asks you (beggar)’.[195]

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا على بن الحسين السعد آبادى عن احمد بن عبد الله البرقى عن اسماعيل بن مهران، عن احمد بن محمد بن جابر عن زينب بنت على قالت: قالت فاطمة عليها السلام في خطبتها: (لله فيكم عهد قدمه اليكم، وبقية استخلفها عليكم كتاب الله بينة بصائره وآي منكشفة سرايره، وبرهان متجلية ظواهره، مديم للبرية استماعه، وقايد إلى الرضوان اتباعه، ومؤد إلى النجاة اشياعه فيه تبيان حجج الله المنيرة ومحارمه المحرمة، وفضائله المدونة، وجمله الكافية، ورخصه الموهوبة وشرايعه المكتوبة وبيناته الجلية،

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah Al Barqy, from Ismail Bin Mahran, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Jabir,

(It has been narrated) from Syeda Zaynab-asws daughter of Ali-asws having said: ‘Syeda Fatima-asws said in a speech of hers-asws: ‘Allah-azwj has Oathed regarding you all and Sent if forward to you all, and it would remain behind over you all – Book of Allah-azwj. Get acquainted with its insights and its secrets are about to be unveiled. Its proofs are bright and clear, it is sharpening for the one who hears it, and following it Guides to the Pleasure (of Allah-azwj), and accompanying it leads to the salvation. In it are explanations of the radiant Arguments of Allah-azwj, and its Prohibitions are Prohibited (forever), and its Merits are the code (of practice), and its sentences are sufficient, and its Permissions are a gift, and its Laws are Written, and its Proofs are obvious.

ففرض الايمان تطهيرا من الشرك، والصلاة تنزيها عن الكبر والزكاة زيادة في الرزق والصيام تثبيتا للاخلاص، والحج تسنية للدين، والعدل تسكينا للقلوب والطاعة نظاما للملة، والامامة لما من الفرقة، والجهاد عزا للاسلام والصبر معونة على الاستيجاب، والامر بالمعروف مصلحة للعامة، وبر الوالدين وقاية عن السخط وصلة الارحام منماة للعدد

Thus, it is obligatory to purify from the Polytheism, and the Prayer removes one from the arrogance, and the Zakat increases the sustenance, and the Fasts are an affirmation of the sincerity, and the Hajj is an establishment for the Religion, and the justice is tranquillity for the hearts, and the obedience (to Allah-azwj) is a system for the nation, and the Imamate saves from the sectarianism, and the Jihad is an honour for Al-Islam, and the patience is an aid over the Recompense to be Obligated, and the enjoining of the good is a corrector for the general public, and righteousness with the patents is a protection from the Anger (of Allah-azwj), and maintenance of the relationships is beneficial for the (increasing of the) numbers;

والقصاص حقنا للدماء والوفاء للنذر تعرضا للمغفرة، وتوفيه المكائيل والموازين تغييرا للبخسة، واجتناب قذف المحصنات حجبا عن اللعنة، ومجانبة السرقة إيجابا للعفة واكل أموال اليتامى إجارة من الظلم، والعدل في الاحكام ايناسا للرعية.

And the punishment saves from the blood-shed, and the fulfilling of the vows makes one prone to Forgiveness, and loyalty with the measurement and the weighing changes the losses (into profits), and keeping away from throwing accusations as the chaste women is a veil from the Curse, and avoidance of the theft is positive for the chastity, and devouring the wealth of the orphans flows from the injustice, and the justice in the judgements brings cordiality among the citizens.

وحرم الله عز وجل الشرك إخلاصا للربوبية فاتقوا الله حق تقاته فيما أمركم به وانتهوا عما نهاكم عنه).

And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Forbidden the Polytheism, purely for the Lordship. Therefore [3:102] Fear Allah with the piety which is due to Him with regards to what He-azwj has Commanded you all with, and stay away from what He-azwj has Forbidden from’.[196]

أخبرني علي بن حاتم قال: حدثنا محمد بن اسلم قال: حدثنى عبد الجليل الباقلانى قال: حدثنى الحسن بن موسى الخشاب قال حدثنى عبد الله بن محمد العلوي عن رجال من أهل بيته عن زينب بنت علي، عن فاطمة عليها السلام بمثله.

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Muhammad Bin Aslam, from Abdul Jaleel Al Balaqany, from Al Hasan Bin Musa Al Khashab who said, ‘Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Alawy, from a man of his family,

Also (It has been narrated) from Syeda Zaynab-asws daughter of Ali-asws, from Syeda Fatima-asws, similar to it.[197]

واخبرني علي بن حاتم أيضا قال حدثنى محمد بن ابى عمير قال: حدثنى محمد بن عمارة قال: حدثنى محمد بن ابراهيم المصري قال: حدثنى هارون بن يحيى الناشب قال: حدثنا عبيدالله بن موسى العبسى عن عبيدالله بن موسى العمري عن حفص الاحمر، عن زيد بن علي عن عمته زينب بنت علي، عن فاطمة عليها السلام بمثله، وزاد بعضهم على بعض في اللفظ.

And Ali Bin Hatim has informed me as well, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Muhammad Bin Amara, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Al Misry, frmo Haroun Bin Yahya Al Nashab, from Ubeydullah Bin Musa Al Absy, from Ubeydullah Bin Musa Al Amiry, from Hafs Al Ahmar,

Also (It has been narrated) from Zayd son Ali-asws, from his aunt Syeda Zaynab-asws daughter of Ali-asws, from Fatima-asws, similar to it. And some of them have increased the wordings over the others’.[198]

حدثنا علي بن احمد رحمه الله: قال حدثنا محمد بن يعقوب عن علي بن محمد عن اسحاق بن اسماعيل النيسابوري ان العالم كتب إليه يعنى الحسن بن علي ” ع ” ان الله تعالى بمنه ورحمته لما فرض عليكم الفرائض لم يفرض ذلك عليكم لحاجة منه إليه بل رحمة منه اليكم لا إله إلا هو ليميز الخبيث من الطيب وليبتلى ما في صدوركم وليمحص مافى قلوبكم ولتتسابقوا إلى رحمته، ولتتفاضل منازلكم في جنته

Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Is’haq Bin Ismail Al Neysabouri who said,

‘The Knowledgeable one-asws wrote to him, meaning Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws that, ‘Allah-azwj the High, it was by His-azwj Favour and His-azwj Mercy that He-azwj Necessitated the Obligations upon you. He-azwj did not Obligate that upon you due to a need of His-azwj from it, but it was a Mercy from it to you, there being no god except for Him-azwj, in order to Differentiate the bad from the good, and in order to Test what is in your chests and in order to Examine what is in your hearts, and that you would be preceding each other to His-azwj Mercy, and to make your houses in the Paradise to be more preferential.

ففوض عليكم الحج والعمرة وإيقام الصلاة وإيتاء الزكاة والصوم والولاية وجعل لكم بابا لتفتحوا به أبواب الفرايض، ومفتاحا إلى سبيله، ولولا محمد صلى الله عليه وآله والاوصياء من ولده كنتم حيارى كالبهائم لا تعرفون فرضا من الفرايض وهل تدخل قرية إلا من بابها،

Thus, He-azwj Authorised the Hajj and the Umrah upon you, and the establishment of the Salat (Prayer), and giving of the Zakat, and the Soam (Fasting), and the Wilayah, and Made doors for you in order to open the doors of the Obligations for you, and the keys to His-azwj Way. And had it not been for Muhammad-saww and the successors-asws from his-saww sons-asws, you all would have been confused like the animals are, not recognising a single Obligation from the Obligations. And is a town entered into except by its gate?’

فلما من الله عليكم باقامة الاولياء بعد نبيكم صلى الله عليه وآله قال الله عز وجل (اليوم اكملت لكم دينكم وأتممت عليكم نعمتي ورضيت لكم الاءسلام دينا) وفرض عليكم لاوليائه حقوقا فامركم بادائها إليهم ليحل لكم ما وراء ظهوركم من أزواجكم وأموالكم ومأكلكم ومشربكم ويعرفكم بذلك البركة والنماء والثروة وليعلم من يطيعه منكم بالغيب

So when Allah-azwj Favoured upon you by the establishment of the Guardians-asws after your Prophet-saww, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said [5:3] This day I have Perfected for you your Religion and Completed My Favour on you and Chosen for you Islam as a Religion. And He-azwj Necessitated upon you certain rights for His-azwj Guardians-asws, so He-azwj Commanded you all to fulfill these to them-asws in order to Make Permissible for you what was behind your backs from your wives, and your wealth, and your eating, and your drinking, and Made you recognise by that, the Blessings, and the development, and the resources, and He-azwj would Know the ones among you who are obedient to Him-azwj with the hidden.

وقال الله تبارك وتعالى (قل لااسئلكم عليه اجرا إلا المودة في القربى) فاعلموا ان من يبخل فإنما يبخل على نفسه ان الله هو الغني وأنتم الفقراء إليه لا إله إلا هو فاعملوا من بعد ما شئتم فسيرى الله عملكم ورسوله والمؤمنون ثم تردون إلى عالم الغيب والشهادة فينبئكم بما كنتم تعملون والعاقبة للمتقين والحمد لله رب العالمين.

And Allah-azwj Blessed and High Said [42:23] Say: I do not ask of you any reward for it but love for my near relatives. Therefore, know that the one who is niggardly, so he has been niggardly against himself, and that Allah-azwj is the Self-sufficient, and you all are poor to Him-azwj, there being no god except for Him-azwj. So do whatever you like afterwards, [9:105] so Allah will See your work and (so will) His Rasool and the Believers; and you shall be brought back to the Knower of the unseen and the seen, then He will inform you of what (you) were doing and the end result is for the pious. And the Praise of for Allah-azwj the Lord-azwj of the Worlds’.[199]

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رحمه الله عن عمه محمد بن أبى القاسم عن يحيى بن علي الكوفي عن محمد بن سنان عن صباح المدايني عن المفضل بن عمر أن أبا عبد الله ” ع ” كتب إليه كتابا فيه ان الله تعالى لم يثبت نبيا قط يدعو الى معرفة الله ليس معها طاعة في أمر ولانهى وانما يقبل الله من العباد العمل بالفرايض التى فرضها الله على حدودها مع معرفة من دعا إليه ومن اطاع حرم الحرام ظاهره وباطنه وصلى وصام وحج واعتمر وعظم حرمات الله كلها ولم يدع منها شيئا وعمل بالبر كله ومكارم الاخلاق كلهاو تجنب سيئها،

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Yahya Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Sabah Al Madainy,

(It has been narrated) from Al-Mufazzal Bin Umar that Abu Abdullah-asws wrote a letter to him, in which was: ‘Allah-azwj the High never Sent a Prophet-as at all but to call to the recognition of Allah-azwj and there was no obedience to him-as with regards to neither enjoining nor forbidding. But rather, Allah-azwj Accepts the deeds from the servants with the Obligations which Allah-azwj has Obligated upon its Limits along with the recognition of the one-as who calls to Him-azwj and obeys him-as, prohibits himself from the Prohibitions, its apparent as well as its hidden, and Prays, and Fasts, and performs Hajj, and Umrah, and magnifies the Sanctities of Allah-azwj, all of them, and does not leave anything from these, and works with righteousness, all of it, and displays noble manners, all of them, and avoids its evil.

ومن زعم انه يحل الحلال ويحرم الحرام بغير معرفة النبي صلى الله عليه وآله لم يحل الله حلالا ولم يحرم له حراما وان من صلى وزكى وحج واعتمر وفعل كله بغير معرفة من افترض الله عليه طاعته فلم يفعل شيئا من ذلك لم يصل ولم يصم ولم يزك ولم يحج ولم يعتمر ولم يغتسل من الجنابة ولم يتطهر ولم يحرم لله وليس له صلاة وان ركع وان سجد ولاله زكاة ولا حج وانما ذلك كله يكون بمعرفة رجل من الله تعالى على خلقته بطاعته وأمر بالاخذ عنه

And the one who alleges that he allows for himself the Permissibles, and prohibits from himself the Prohibitions without having the recognition of the Prophet-saww, Allah-azwj will not Permit for him his Permissibles, and will not Prohibit for him his Prohibitions, and that the one who Prays, and gives Zakat, and performs Hajj and Umra, and does all of these without recognition of the one-asws the obedience to whom Allah-azwj has Necessitated to him, so he has not done anything from that.

He has not Prayed, and not Fasted, and not given Zakat, and did not perform Hajj, and did not perform Umrah, and did not wash from the impurity (Janaabat), and did not purify himself, and did not Prohibit himself for the Sake of Allah-azwj, and there is no Prayer for him, even if he bowed and prostrated, nor is there Zakat for him, nor Hajj. But rather, all of these come to be with the recognition of a man-asws whom Allah-azwj, over His-azwj creatures with being obedient to him-asws, and Commanded to take from him-asws.

فمن عرفه واخذ عنه اطاع الله ومن زعم ان ذلك انما هي المعرفة وانه إذا عرف اكتفى بغير طاعة فقد كذب واشرك وانما قيل اعرف واعمل ما شئت من الخير فانه لا يقبل منك ذلك بغير معرفة فإذا عرفت فاعمل لنفسك ما شئت من الطاعة قل أو كثر فانه مقبول منك.

So the one who recognised him-asws and took from him-asws, obeyed Allah-azwj, and the one who claims of that, but rather it is only the recognition, and that if he were to recognise it would suffice without being obedient, so he has belief and associated. But rather, it is said that, ‘recognise and do whatever you so like to, from the good deeds’. Thus, that is not Acceptable from you without recognition, so when you have recognise, then act for yourself whatever you so like to, from the obedience, little or more, for it would be Acceptable from you’.[200]

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Abu Al Hassa Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Barqy, from Abdullah Bin Jabala, from Muawiya Ibn Amaar, from Al Hassan Bin Abdullah, from his forefathers,

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه عن عمه محمد بن أبى القاسم عن احمد بن أبى عبد الله عن أبى الحسن علي بن الحسين البرقى عن عبد الله بن جبلة عن معاوية ابن عمار عن الحسن بن عبد الله عن آبائه عن جده الحسن بن علي بن أبى طالب صلى الله عليه وآله قال جاء نفر من اليهود إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فسأله اعلمهم فقال له اخبرني عن تفسير سبحان الله والحمد لله ولا إله إلا الله والله اكبر

(It has been narrated) from his grandfather-asws Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘A number of Jews came to Rasool-Allah-saww. So their knowledgeable one asked him-saww, ‘Inform me about the interpretation of

‘سبحان الله والحمد لله ولا إله إلا الله والله اكبر’

‘Glory be to Alah-azwj and the Praise is for Allah-azwj, and there is no god except for Allah-azwj, and Allah-azwj is the Greatest’.

فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله علم الله عز وجل ان بنى آدم يكذبون على الله عز وجل فقال سبحان الله براءة مما يقولون،

So the Prophet-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Knew that the son of Adam-as would be belying to Allah-azwj Might and Majestic, so He-azwj Said: “Glory be to Allah-azwj (سبحان الله) to disavow from what they are saying.

وأما قوله الحمد لله فانه علم ان العباد لا يؤدون شكر نعمته فحمد نفسه قبل ان يحمده العباد وهو أول كلام لولا ذلك لما انعم الله تعالى على احد بنعمته

And as for His-azwj Words: “The Praise is for Allah-azwj” (الحمد لله), so He-azwj Knew that the servants would not be paying their gratitude for His-azwj Bounties, so He-azwj Praised Himself-azwj before the servants Praised Him-azwj, and it is the first Speech. Had it not been for that, Allah-azwj would not have Endowed anyone with His-azwj Bounties’.

وقوله لا إله إلا الله – يعني وحدانيته – لا يقبل الاعمال إلا بها وهي كلمة التقوى يثقل الله بها الموازين يوم القيامة

And His-azwj Words: “There is no god except for Allah-azwj” (لا إله إلا الله) – Meaning the Oneness – He-azwj does not Accept the deeds except by it, and it is the Pious Word by which Allah-azwj would be Increase the weight of the Scales on the Day of Judgement.

وأما قوله الله اكبر فهى كلمة اعلى الكلمات وأحبها إلى الله عز وجل يعنى انه ليس شئ اكبر منه ولا تصح الصلاة إلا بها لكرامته على الله عز وجل وهو الاسم الاعز الاكرم،

And as for His-azwj Words: “Allah-azwj is the Greatest” (الله اكبر), so it is the Elevated Speech and to most Beloved to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, Meaning that there is nothing Greater than Him-azwj, and the Prayer is not correct except by it, due to its Prestige to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and it is the most Revered and Prestigious of the Names’.

قال اليهودي صدقت يا محمد فما جزاء قائلها قال: إذا قال العبد سبحان الله سبح معه ما دون العرش فيعطى قايلها عشر أمثالها

The Jew said, ‘You-saww have spoken the truth, O Muhammad-saww! So what is the Recompense of its sayer?’ He-saww said: ‘When the servant says ‘سبحان الله’ Glory to You O Allah!, everything which is underneath the Throne Glorifies with him, and its speaker is Given ten of its like.

وإذا قال الحمد لله انعم الله عليه بنعم الدنيا موصولا بنعم الاخرة وهى الكلمة التى يقولها أهل الجنة إذا دخلوها وينقطع الكلام الذي يقولونه في الدنيا ماخلا الحمد لله وذلك قوله تعالى (دعواهم فيها سبحانك اللهم وتحيتهم فيها سلام وآخر دعواهم ان الحمد لله رب العالمين)

And when he says, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj (الحمد لله) Allah-azwj Favours upon him the bounties of the world attaching these with the Bounties of the Hereafter, and it is the Word which would be spoken by the people of the Paradise when they enter it. And the speech is cut-off in the world except for ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj, and these are the Words of the High [10:10] Their call in it shall be: Glory to You O Allah! And their greeting in it shall be: Peace; and the last of their calls shall be: The Praise is for Allah, the Lord of the Worlds.

وأما قوله لا إلا إلا الله فثمنها الجنة وذلك قول الله تعالى هل جزاء الاحسان إلا الاحسان

And as for his words, ‘There is no god except for Allah-azwj’ (لا إلا إلا الله), so its value is the Paradise, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj the High [55:60] Is the Recompense of goodness except for the goodness?

قال هل جزاء من قال لا إله إلا الله إلا الجنة، فقال اليهودي صدقت يا محمد.

He-saww said: ‘Is the Recompense of the one who says, ‘There is no god except for Allah-azwj, anything but the Paradise?’ So the Jew said, ‘You-saww have spoken the truth, O Muhammad-saww’.[201]

(باب 183 – علة الغائط ونتنه)

Chapter 183 – Reason for the faeces and its stinking

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن النوفلي عن السكوني عن جعفر بن محمد عن أبيه عليهما السلام قال سألته عن الغائط فقال تصغيرا لابن آدم لكيلا يتكبر وهو يحمل غائطه معه.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the faeces, so he-asws said: ‘It is for belittling the son of Adam-as, perhaps he would be arrogant, and he is carrying his faeces along with him’.[202]

(باب 184 – علة نظر الانسان إلى سفله وقت التغوط)

Chapter 184 – Reason for the human being looking below him at the time of defecation

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه قال: حدثنا احمد بن ادريس، عن محمد ابن احمد بن يحيى، عن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن أبى جعفر عن داود الجمال عن العيص ابن أبى مهينة قال: شهدت أبا عبد الله ” ع ” وسأله عمرو بن عبيد فقال ما بال الرجل إذا أراد ان يقضى حاجة إنما ينظر إلى سفله وما يخرج منه ثم فقال انه ليس احد يريد ذلك إلا وكل الله عز وجل به ملكا ياخذ بعنقه ليريه مايخرج منه أحلال أو حرام.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Bin Yahya, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Abu Ja’far, from Dawood Al Jamal, from Al Ays Ibn Abu Muhayna who said,

‘I witnessed Abu Abdullah-asws, and Amro Bin Umeyd asked him-asws, so he said, ‘What is the matter that when the man want to fulfil a need, so he looks below him (to see) what is coming out from him?’ So he-asws said: ‘There is no one who wants to do that except that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Allocates an Angel with him who seizes him by his neck to make him see what is coming out from him, is it (from) Permissible or Prohibited (means)?’[203]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن ايوب بن نوح عن محمد بن ابى عمير عن غير واحد عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” عن ابيه عن جده عليهم السلام قال أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” عجبت لابن آدم أوله نطفة وآخره جيفة وهو قايم بينهما وعاء للغائط، ثم يتكبر

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from someone else,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘I-asws wonder at the son of Adam-as, his beginning is a seed, and his end is a carcass, and he is standing in between these two, and he is a container of faeces, then he is being arrogant’.[204]

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه، عن عمه محمد بن ابى القاسم، عن محمد بن علي الكوفي عن محمد بن عن المفضل بن عمر عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال وقع بين سلمان وبين رجل كلام فقال له من انت وما انت؟ فقال سلمان: اما أولاى وأوليك فنطفة قذرة وأما اخراى واخراك فجيفة منتنة فإذا كان يوم القيامة ونصبت الموازين فمن خف ميزانه فهو الليثم ومن ثقل ميزانه فهو الكريم.

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Al Mufazzal Bin Umar,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘A heated discussion occurred in between Salman-as and a man. So he said, ‘Who are you-as, and what are you-as?’ So Salman-as said: ‘As for my-as beginning and your beginning, so it is a seed, and as for my-as ending and your ending, so it is a stinking carcass. So when it will be the Day of Judgement and the Scales are set up, so the one whose Scale is light, so he would ignoble (dishonourable), and the one whose Scale is heavy, so he would be benevolent’.[205]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد عن صالح ابن السندي عن جعفر بن بشير عن صالح الحذاء عن ابى اسامة قال كنت عند ابى عبد الله ” ع ” فسأله رجل من المغيرية عن شئ من السنن فقال ما من شئ من عرفها وانكرها من انكرها، قال: فما السنة في دخول الخلاء؟ قال تذكر الله وتتعوذ من الشيطان وإذا فرغت قلت الحمدالله على ما أخرج منى من الاذى في يسر وعافية،

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Salih Ibn Al Sindy, from Ja’far Bin Basheer, from Salih Al Haza’a, from Abu Asama who said,

‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws, so a man from Al-Mugheira asked him-asws about something from the Sunnahs. So he-asws said: ‘There is none from the things (without a Sunnah). The one who recognises it (does so) and the one who denies it, denies it’. He said, ‘So what is the Sunnah with regards to entering the toilet?’ He-asws said: ‘Mention Allah-azwj and seek Refuge from the Satan-la. And when you are free, say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj over what has come out from me, from the harmful, with such ease and good health’.

قال الرجل: فالانسان يكون على تلك الحال ولا يصبر حتى ينظر إلى مايخرج منه، فقال انه ليس في الارض آدمى إلا ومعه ملكان موكلان به فإذا كان على تلك الحال ثنيا رقبته ثم قالا يابن آدم انظر إلى ماكنت تكدح له في الدنيا إلى ما هو صاير.

The man said, ‘So the human being who tends to be in that situation is not patient until he looks at what is coming out from him’. So he-asws said: ‘There is no human in the earth except that with him are two Angels Allocated with him. So when he was in that situation, they turn his neck, then they both said, ‘O son of Adam-as! Look at what you were toiling for in the world and what it has become’.[206]

(باب 187 – العلة التى من أجلها يكره طول الجلوس على الخلاء)

Chapter 187 – The reason due to which it is dislike to prolong the sitting upon the defecation

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن الفضل بن عامر، عن موسى بن القاسم البلخي، عمن ذكره، عن محمد بن مسلم قال: سمعت أبا جعفر ” ع ” يقول طول الجلوس على الخلاء يورث البواسير.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Al Fazal Bin Aamir, from Musa Bin Al Qasim Al Balkhy, from the one who mentioned it, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘Prolonged sitting upon the defecation inherits the haemorrhoids’.[207]

(باب 188 – العلة التى من أجلها يكره صب الماء على المتوضى)

Chapter 188 – The reason due to which it is disliked for the water to be poured (by another) for the ablution

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار قال حدثنا محمد بن احمد قال حدثنا أبو اسحاق ابراهيم بن اسحاق عن عبد الله بن حماد عن ابراهيم بن عبد الحميد عن شهاب بن عبد ربه عن ابى عبد الله قال: كان أمير المؤمنين إذا توضأ لم يدع احدا يصب عليه الماء، قال: لا أحب أشرك في صلاتي أحدا.

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Abu Is’haq Ibrahim Bin Is’hhaq, from Abdullah Bin Hamaad, from Ibrahim Bin Abdul Hameed, from Shahaab Bin Abd Rabih,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Whenever Amir Al-Momineen-asws performed ablution, never called anyone to pour the water for him-asws. He-asws said: ‘I-asws do not like anyone to associate in my-asws Prayer’.[208]

(باب 189 – العلة التى من أجلها جعل الوضوء)

Chapter 189 – The reason due to which the ablution was Made (to be performed)

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن بعقوب بن يزيد عن حماد ابن عيسى عن حريز بن عبد الله عن زراره ومحمد بن مسلم عن ابى جعفر ” ع ” قال: إنما الوضوء حد من حدود الله ليعلم الله من يطيعه ومن يعصيه، وان المؤمن لا ينجسه شئ وإنما يكفيه مثل الدهن.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Hamaad Ibn Isa, from Hareyz Bin Abdullah, from Zarara and Muhammad Bin Muslim,

Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘But rather, the ablution is a Limit from the Limits of Allah-azwj, in order to Allah-azwj to Determine who obeys Him-azwj and who disobeys Him-azwj, and that the Believer, nothing defiles him. But rather, (a little water) is sufficient for him, like the oil’.[209] 

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن ابيه عن النوفلي عن السكوني عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: من تعدى في الوضوء كان كناقصه.

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The one who exceeds in the ablution is like the one who was deficient in it’.[210]

(باب 190 – العلة التى من أجلها صار المسح ببعض الرأس وبعض الرجلين)

Chapter 190 – The reason due to which the wiping (Masa’h) came to be for part of the head and part of the two feet

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن يعقوب بن يزيد عن حماد، عن حريز، عن زرارة قال: قلت لابي جعفر ” ع ” إلا تخبرني من أين علمت وقلت ان المسح ببعض الرأس وبعض الرجلين؟ فضحك ثم قال: يا زرارة قاله رسول الله ” ص ” ونزل به الكتاب من الله لان الله عز وجل يقول: فاغسلوا وجوهكم فعرفنا ان الوجه كله يبنغى له ان يغسل

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Hamaad, from Hareyz, from Zarara who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Will you-asws inform me, from where you-asws know and said that the wiping (Al-Masaah) is for part of the head and part of the two feet?’ So he-asws smiled and said: ‘O Zarara! Rasool-Allah-saww said it, and the Book came down from Allah-azwj, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: “[5:6] wash your faces, and so we understand that the face, the whole of it is to be washed.

ثم قال وايديكم إلى المرافق ثم فصل بين الكلامين فقال وامسحوا برؤوسكم فعرفنا حين قال برؤوسكم ان المسح ببعض الرأس لمكان الباء ثم وصل الرجلين بالرأس كما وصل اليدين بالوجه فقال وأرجلكم إلى الكعبين فعرفنا حين وصلها بالرأس ان المسح على بعضها

Then He-azwj Said and your hands as far as the elbows. Then He-azwj Detailed between the two Speeches, so He -azwj Said , and wipe your heads, so we understand where He-azwj Said your heads, that the wiping is for part of the head, due to the placing of the (letter) ‘Ba’ (الباء). Then He-azwj Linked the two feet with the head just as He-azwj Linked the two hands with the face, so He-azwj Said and your feet to the ankles, so we understand where He-azwj Linked it with the wiping upon parts of it.

ثم فسر ذلك رسول صلى الله عليه وآله للناس فضيعوه ثم قال: فلم تجدوا ماء فتيمموا صعيدا طيبا فامسحوا بوجوهكم فلما وضع عمن لم يجد الماء اثبت مكان الغسل مسحا لانه قال بوجوهكم، ثم وصل بها وأيديكم

Then Rasool-Allah-saww interpreted that to the people, so they wasted its. Then He-saww Said and you cannot find water, betake yourselves to pure earth and wipe your faces. So when He-azwj Replaced from the one who could not find the water, and Affirmed in the place of washing, with the wiping, because He-azwj Said wipe your faces. Then He-azwj Linked by it and your hands’.

ثم قال منه – أي من ذلك التيمم – لانه علم ان ذلك اجمع لم يجر على الوجه لانه يعلق من ذلك الصعيد ببعض الكف ولا يعلق ببعضها ثم قال ما يريد الله ليجعل عليكم في الدين من حرج، والحرج الضيق.

Then he-asws said from it: ‘What it Means by that is the Tayammum – because it is known that, that would not flow upon the face, because the earth would attach itself to parts of the palm and not attach to (other) parts of it’. Then He-azwj Said Allah does not desire to put on you any difficulty in the Religion. And the difficulty, it is the hardship’.[211]

(باب 191 – العلة التى من أجلها توضأ الجوارح الاربع دون غيرها)

Chapter 191 – The reason due to which ablution is on four parts besides others

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادى، عن احمد بن ابى عبد الله، عن أبيه عن فضالة عن الحسن بن ابى العلاء عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: جاء نفر من اليهود إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فسألوه عن مسائل فكان فيما سألوه اخبرنا يا محمد لاي علة توضأ هذه الجوارح الاربع وهى انظف المواضع في الجسد، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله لما ان وسوس الشيطان إلى آدم دنا من الشجرة ونظر إليها ذهب ماء وجهه ثم قام ومشى إليها وهى اول قدم مشت إلى الخطيئة ثم تناول بيده منها مما عليها فاكل فطار الحلى والحلل عن جسده فوضع آدم يده على رأسه وبكى

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah -asws, from his father, from Fazalat, from Al Hassan Bin Abu A’la,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘A number of Jews came over to Rasool-Allah-saww, so they asked him-saww certain questions. So among what they asked was, ‘Inform us, O Muhammad-saww! For which reason are these four parts to be washed during ablution, and these are the cleanest of the places in the body?’ So the Prophet-saww said: ‘When Satan-la suggested to Adam-as, he-as approached the tree and looked towards it, the water of his-as face went. Then he-as stood to walk towards it, and it was the first step taken to the error. Then he-as took it by his-as hands from what was upon it, so he-as ate it and the ornaments and the robes flew away from his-as body. So Adam-as placed his-as hands upon his-as head and wept.

فلما تاب الله عليه فرض عليه وعلى ذريته غسل هذه الجوارح الاربع وأمره بغسل الوجه لما نظرالى الشجرة وأمره بغسل اليدين إلى الموفقين لما تناول منها وأمره بمسح الرأس لما وضع يده على أم رأسه وأمره بمسح القدمين لما مشى بهما الى الخطيئة.

So when Allah-azwj Turned to him-as (with Mercy), He-azwj Obligated upon him-as and his-as offspring, washing of these four parts. And He-azwj Commanded him-as with the washing of his-as face for having looked at the tree, and Commanded him-as to wash the two hands up to the two elbows for having taken from it, and Commanded him-as with the wiping of the head for having placed his-as hands upon the top of his-as head, and Commanded him-as with the wiping of the two feet for having walked by these two towards the error’.[212]

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه، عن عمه محمد بن ابى القاسم عن محمد بن علي الكوفي، عن محمد بن سنان ان ابا الحسن الرضا ” ع ” كتب إليه في جواب كتابه ان علة الوضوء التى من أجلها صار غسل الوجه والذراعين ومسح الرأس والرجلين فلقيامه بين يدي الله تعالى واستقباله اياه بجوارحه الظاهرة وملاقاته بها الكرام الكاتبين فغسل الوجه للسجود والخضوع وغسل اليدين ليقلبهما ويرغب بهما ويرهب ويتبتل ومسح الرأس والقدمين لانهما ظاهران مكشوفان مستقبل بهما في كل حالاته وليس فيها من الخضوع والتبتل ما في الوجه والذراعين.

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Sinan who said,

‘Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws wrote to him in a reply to his letter that: ‘The reason due to which ablution came to be the washing of the face, and the two arms, and the wiping of the head and the two feet, for he stands in front of Allah-azwj the High, and faces towards Him-azwj with his apparent body parts and meets by these the two Honourable Recorders (Angels). So he washes the face for the Prostration and the submission; and the washing of the two hands for turning these two (away from the world), and wishing by these (to Allah-azwj, and beseeching; and the wiping of the head and the two feet is because these two are apparent uncovered facing by these two in all situations, and there isn’t the submission and beseeching what is in the face and the two hands’.[213]

 (باب 194 – العلة التى من أجلها يكره استعمال الماء الذى تسخنه الشمس)

Chapter 194 – The reason due to which it is abhorrent to utilise the water which the sun has warmed up

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن عيسى عن درست عن ابراهيم بن عبد الحميد عن ابى الحسن عليه السلام قال: دخل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله على عائشة وقد وضعت قمقمتها في الشمس فقال: يا حميراء ماهذا؟ قالت اغسل رأسي وجسدى قال لاتعود فانه يورث البرص.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Darast, from Ibrahim Bin Abdul Hameed,

Abu Al-Hassan-asws has said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww came over to Ayesha and she had placed it to be warmed up in the sun. So he-saww said: ‘O Humeyra! What is this?’ She said, ‘I washed my head and my body’. He-saww said: ‘Do not repeat it, for it inherits the vitiligo’.[214]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن احمد بن الوليد رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن النوفلي عن السكوني عن جعفر ابن محمد عن ابيه عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الماء الذي تسخنه الشمس لا تتوضؤا به ولا تغسلوا به ولا تعجنوا به فانه يورث البرص.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al-Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al-Saffar, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Al-Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’far-asws Ibn Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The water which has been warmed up by the sun, do not perform ablution with it, neither bathe with it, nor knead (dough) with it, for it inherits the vitiligo’.[215]

(باب 195 – العلة التى من أجلها وجب الغسل من الجنابة) (ولم يجب من البول والغائط)

Chapter 195 – The reason due to which it is Obligatory to bathe from the (sexual) impurity, and it is not Obligatory (to bathe) from the urination and defecation’.

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه، عن عمه، عن محمد بن علي الكوفي عن محمد ابن سنان: ان الرضا ” ع ” كتب إليه فيما كتبه من جواب مسائله علة غسل الجنابة للنظافة وتطهير الانسان نفسه مما أصابه من اذاه وتطهير سائر جسده لان الجنابة خارجة من كل جسده فلذلك وجب عليه تطهير جسده كله

Muhammad Bin Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Muhammad Ibn Sinan that,

‘Al-Reza-asws wrote to him with regards to what he had written to him-asws, in answer to his question, ‘The reason for the bathing (major ablution) for the cleanliness, and the human being purifies himself from what has hit him upon his body part, to clean the rest of the body is because the sexual impurity comes out from the whole of his body. Therefore, it is due to that it is Obligatory upon him.

وعلة التخفيف في البول والغائط لانه اكثر وأدوم من الجنابة فرضى فيه بالوضوء لكثرته ومشقته ومجيئه بغير إرادة منه ولا شهوة والجنابة لا تكون إلا بالاستلذاذ منهم والاكراه لانفسهم

And the reasoning for the lightening with regards to the urine and the faeces is because it is more frequent and persistent (in its occurrence) than the sexual impurity. Thus (Allah-azwj) is Pleased with regards to it by the ablution, due to its frequency, and it would be difficult, and it comes without intention from him nor any desire for it, while the sexual impurity does not happen except by the (seeking of the) pleasures and the compelling upon their own selves’.[216]

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه، عن عمه عن احمد بن ابى عبد الله عن ابى الحسن علي بن الحسن البرقى، عن عبد الله بن جبلة، عن معاوية بن عمار عن الحسن بن عبد الله، عن آبائه عن جده الحسن بن علي بن ابى طالب عليه السلام قال: جاء نفر من اليهودي إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فسأله أعلمهم عن مسائل فكان فيما سأله أن قال: لاى شئ أمر الله بالاغتسال من الجنابة ولم يأمر من الغائط والبول؟ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ان آدم لما اكل من الشجرة دب ذلك في عروقه وشعره وبشره فإذا جامع الرجل اهله خرج الماء من كل عرق وشعرة في جسده فاوجب الله عز وجل على ذريته الاغتسال من الجنابة إلى يوم القيامة والبول يخرج من فضلة الشراب الذي يشربه الانسان والغائط يخرج من فضلة الطعام الذي يأكله الانسان فأوجب عليهم في ذلك الوضوء، قال اليهودي: صدقت يا محمد.

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Al Hassan Al Barqy, from Abdullah Bin Jabala, from Muawiya Bin Amaar Bin Al Hassan Bin Abdullah, from his forefathers,

(It has been narrated) from his grandfather-asws Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘A number of Jews came to Rasool-Allah-saww, so their scholar asked him-saww certain questions. So among what he asked was that he said, ‘For which reason did Allah-azwj Command with the washing from the sexual impurities, and did not Commanded it, from the defecation and the urine?’ So Rsaool-Allah-saww said: ‘When Adam-as ate from the tree, that was borne on his-as veins, and his-as hair, and his-as skin. So when the man copulates with his wife, the water comes out from every vein and hair in his body. Therefore, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Obligated upon his-as offspring, the washing from the sexual impurities up to the Day of Judgement. And the urine comes out from the remnants of the drinks which the human being drinks, and the faeces comes out from the remnants of the food which the human being eats, thus He-azwj Obligated the ablution with regards to that’. The Jew said, ‘You-saww have spoken the truth, O Muhammad-saww!’[217]

(باب 197 – العلة التى من أجلها يجب الوضوء مما يخرج ولا يجب مما يدخل)

Chapter 197 – The reason due to which the ablution is Obligatory from what comes out (from the body) and is not Obligatory from what enters (the body i.e. food & drink)

حدثنا ابى ومحمد بن الحسن بن احمد بن الوليد رضى الله عنهما قالا: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن محمد بن أورمة عن احمد بن محمد بن أبى نصر البزنطى وعبد الرحمن بن ابى نجران عن مثنى الحناط عن منصور بن حازم عن سعيد بن احمد عن ابن عباس قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله توضؤا بما يخرج ولا تتوضؤا مما يدخل فانه يدخل طيبا ويخرج خبيثا.

My father and Muhammad Bin Al Hammas Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed both narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Muhammad Bin Awrama, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr Al Bazanty and Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran, from Masny Al Hanaat, from Mansour Bin Hazim, from Saeed Bin Ahmad, from Ibn Abbas who said,

‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Perform ablution due to what comes out (from your bodies, and do not perform ablution from what enters (food and drink), for the good enters and the bad comes out’.[218]

(باب 198 – علة الوضوء قبل الطعام وبعده)

Chapter 198 – Reason for the ablution before the food and after it

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن احمد بن الوليد رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن احمد بن ابى عبد الله البرقى عن ابيه، عن القاسم بن محمد وغيره عن صفوان بن مهران الجمال عن ابى نميرة قال: قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام الوضوء قبل الطعام وبعده يذهبان الفقر قال: قلت يذهبان الفقر؟ قال يذهبان الفقر.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from his father, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad and others, from Safwan Bin Mahran Al Jamaal, from Abu Numeyra who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The (performing of) the ablution before the food and after it both do away the poverty’. I said, ‘They both (ablutions) do away with the poverty?’ He-asws said: ‘They both (ablutions) do away with the poverty’.[219]

(باب 199 – العلة التى من أجلها يغسل بالاشنال من الغمر) (خارج الفم دون داخله)

Chapter 199 – The reason due to which the washing from the immersion is for the outside of the mouth besides the inside of it

حدثنا أبي رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن موسى بن جعفر ابن ابى جعفر الكميدانى، عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن عبد العزيز، عن الرضا ” ع ” قال: إنما يغسل بالاشنان خارج الفم فاما داخل الفم فلا يقبل الغمر.

My father narrated to us, from Ali Bin Musa Bin Ja’far Ibn Abu Ja’far Al Kameydani, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Abdul Aziz,

Al-Reza-asws has said: ‘But rather, washing by the immersion is for outside of the mouth. As for the inside of the mouth, so the immersion would not be accepted’.[220]

(باب 200 – علة النهى عن البول في الماء النقيع)

Chapter 200 – The reason for the Prohibition of urinating in the clean water

حدثنا أبي رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن محمد بن ابى عمير، عن حماد عن الحلبي، عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: لا تشرب وأنت قائم ولا تطف بقبر ولا تبل في ماء نقيع فانه من فعل ذلك فأصابه شئ فلا يلومن إلا نفسه ومن فعل شيئا من ذلك لم يكن يفارقه إلا ما شاء الله.

My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad, from Al Halby,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Neither drink whilst you are standing, nor walk around a grave, nor urinate in clean water. So the one who does that, and is hit by something, so he should not blame anyone except for himself, and the one who does something from that, would not (be able to) separate (cured) from it except what Allah-azwj so Desires’.[221]

(باب 201 – العلة التى من أجلها لا يجوز الكلام على الخلاء)

Chapter 201 – The reason due to which it is not allowed to speak upon defecation

حدثنا علي بن احمد بن محمد رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا محمد بن ابى عبد الله الكوفي عن موسى بن عمران النخعي عن عمه الحسين بن يزيد النوفلي عن علي بن سالم عن ابيه عن ابى بصير قال: قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام لا تتكلم على الخلاء، فان من تكلم على الخلاء لم تقض له حاجة.

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Musa Bin Imran Al Nakhai’e, from his uncle Al Husayn Bin Yazeed Al Nowfaly, from Ali Bin Salim, from his father, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Do not speak whilst being upon the defecation, for the one who speaks whilst being upon the defecation, the need would not be fulfilled for him’.[222]

حدثنا الحسين بن احمد بن ادريس رضى الله عنه، عن ابيه، عن محمد ابن احمد بن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري، عن ابراهيم بن هاشم وغيره، عن صفوان ابن يحيى عن ابى الحسن الرضا عليه السلام انه قال: نهى رسول الله ان يجيب الرجل أحدا وهو على الغائط ويكلمه حتى يفرغ.

Al Husayn Bin Ahmad Bin Idrees narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Imran Al Ashary, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim and someone else, from Safwan Ibn Yahya,

Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws has said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww forbade the man to answer anyone or speak to him whilst he was upon the defecation, until he was free from it’.[223]

(باب 202 – العلة التى من أجلها يجوز أن يقول المتغوط وهو) (على الخلاء كما يقول المؤذن، ويذكر الله عز وجل)

Chapter 202 – The reason due to which it is allowed for the defecator to be saying just as what the Muezzin is saying, and mention Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, whilst being on defecation

حدثنا علي بن احمد بن محمد رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن ابى عبد الله الكوفي عن موسى بن عمران النخعي عن عمه الحسين بن يزيد النوفلي عن علي بن سالم عن ابيه عن ابى بصير قال: قال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” ان سمعت الاذان وأنت على الخلاء فقل مثل ما يقول المؤذن ولا تدع ذكر الله عز وجل في تلك الحال لان ذكر الله حسن على كل حال.

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Musa Bin Imran Al Nakhaie, from his uncle Al Husayn Bin Yazeed Al Nowfaly, from Ali Bin Salim, from his father, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When you hear the Azan (Call to Prayer) and you are upon the defecation, so say the like of what the Muezzin (Caller to Prayer) is saying, and do not leave the mention of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic during that situation, because the mention of Allah-azwj is good upon every situation’.

ثم قال عليه السلام لما ناجى الله تعالى موسى بن عمران ” ع ” قال موسى: يا رب ابعيد أنت منى فاناديك ام قريب فاناجيك؟ فأوحى الله عز وجل إليه يا موسى انا جليس من ذكرني، فقال موسى يا رب اني اكون في حال اجلك ان اذكرك فيها، فقال: يا موسى اذكرني على كل حال.

The he-asws said: ‘When Musa-as Bin Imran-as whispered to Allah-azwj, Musa-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Are You-azwj remote from me-as so that I-as call upon You-azwj, or are You-azwj nearby so that I-as should whisper to You-azwj?’ So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto him-as: “O Musa-as! I-azwj am a ‘Jalyes’ (one who is with someone) of the one who mentioned Me-azwj”. So Musa-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Shall I-as mention You-azwj in every situation of mine-as?’ So He-azwj Said: “O Musa-as! Mention Me-azwj upon every situation”.[224]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن احمد بن الوليد رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن يعقوب بن يزيد عن حماد بن عيسى عن حريز بن عبد الله عن محمد بن مسلم قال: قال لي يابن مسلم لا تدعن ذكر الله عز وجل على كل حال فلو سمعت المنادي ينادي بالآذان وأنت على الخلاء فاذكر الله عز وجل وقل كما يقول.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Hareyz Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,

‘He-asws said to me: ‘O Ibn Muslim! Do not leave the mention of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic upon every situation. So, even if you were to hear the caller calling out with the Azan, and you are upon the defecation, so mention Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and say just like what he is saying’.[225]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن احمد بن الوليد رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسين بن سعيد عن محمد ابن ابى عمير عن عمير بن اذينة عن زرارة قال: قلت لابي جعفر ” ع ” ما أقول إذا سمعت الاذان؟ قال: اذكر الله مع كل مع ذاكر.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Muhammad Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umeyr Bin Azina, from Zarara who said,

‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘What should I be saying when I hear the Azan?’ He-asws said: ‘Mention Allah-azwj along with each mention of the mentioner’.[226]

حدثنا محمد بن احمد السنانى رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا حمزة بن القاسم العلوي قال: حدثنا جعفر بن مالك الكوفي قال: حدثنا جعفر بن سليمان المروزى عن سليمان بن مقبل المدايني قال: قلت لابي الحسن موسى بن جعفر عليه السلام لاي علة يستحب للانسان إذا سمع الآذان أن يقول كما يقول المؤذن وان كان على البول والغائط؟ قال ان ذلك يزيد في الرزق.

Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Sanany narrated to us, from Hamza Bin Al Qasim Al Alawy, from Ja’far Bin Malik Al Kufy, from Ja’far Bin Suleyman Al Marouzy, from Suleyman Bin Maqbal Al Madainy who said,

‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, ‘For which reason is it recommended for the human being, when he hears the Azan that he should be saying just as what the Muezzin is saying, even if he was upon the urination and the defecation?’ He-asws said: ‘That increases the sustenance’.[227]

(باب 203 – علة وجوب غسل يوم الجمعة)

Chapter 203 – Reason for the Obligation of the washing on the day of Friday

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا إبراهيم بن هاشم عن علي بن معبد عن الحسين بن خالد الصيرفى قال: سألت ابا الحسن الاول عليه السلام كيف صار غسل الجمعة واجبا؟ قال: فقال ان الله تبارك وتعالى أتم صلاة الفريضة بصلاة النافلة واتم صيام الفريضة بصيام النافلة واتم وضوء الفريضة بغسل يوم الجمعة فيما كان من ذلك من سهواو تقصيراو نسيان.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Ali Bin Ma’bad, from Al Husayn Bin Khalid Al Sayrafi who said,

‘I asked Abu Al Hassan-asws the First, ‘How did the washing on the day of Friday become Obligatory?’ So he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High Completed the Obligatory Prayer with the Optional Prayer, and Completed the Obligatory Fast with the Optional Fast, and Completed the Obligatory ablution with the washing on the day of the Friday, in what was from that, from mistakes, or deficiencies, or forgetfulness’.[228]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن محمد بن احمد، عن ابراهيم بن اسحاق، عن عبد الله بن حماد الانصاري، عن صباح المزني عن الحارث عن الاصبغ بن نباتة قال: كان علي ” ع ” إذا أراد ان يوبخ الرجل يقول له أنت أعجز من تارك الغسل يوم الجمعة، فانه لا يزال في طهر إلى الجمعة الاخرى.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq, from Abdullah Bin Hamaad Al Ansary, from Sabah Al Mazny, from Al Haris, from Al Asbagh Bin Nabata who said,

‘Whenever Ali-asws intended to embrace the man, he-asws would be saying to him: ‘Are you frustrated from leaving the washing on the day of Friday, for it does not cease to purify until the next Friday’.[229]

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه عن عمه عن محمد بن علي الكوفي عن محمد ابن سنان ان الرضا عليه السلام كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله علة غسل العيدين والجمعة وغير ذلك من الاغسال لما فيه من تعظيم العبد ربه واستقباله الكريم الجليل وطلبه المغفرة لذنوبه وليكون لهم يوم عيد معروف يجتمعون فيه على ذكر الله فجعل فيه الغسل تعظيما لذلك اليوم وتفضيلا له على سائر الايام وزيادة في النوافل والعبادة، وليكون ذلك طهارة له من الجمعة إلى الجمعة.

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Muhammad Ibn Sinan that,

‘Al-Reza-asws wrote to him in answer to what he had written asking him-asws about the reason for the washing for the two Eids, and the Friday, and other than that from the washings. (He-asws wrote): ‘So that (it would be known from it) the reverence placed by the servant to his Lord-azwj, and is facing the Benevolent, the Majestic, and is seeking the Forgiveness for his sins; and the day of Eid would become well known for them, in which they would be gathering for the Mentioning of Allah-azwj. Therefore, He-azwj Made the washing in it as a reverence for that day, and Gave it the preference over the rest of the days, and that they would be (Praying the) optional Prayers and worshipping more; and that would become a purification for a person, from a Friday to a Friday’.[230]

(باب 204 – العلة التى من أجلها رخص للنساء في السفر في ترك غسل الجمعة)

Chapter 204 – The reason due to which an allowance has been given for the women, during travel, for leaving of the washing on the day of Friday

أبى رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن محمد بن احمد بن يحيى رفعه قال: غسل الجمعة واجب على الرجال والنساء في السفر والحضر إلا انه رخص للنساء في السفر لقلة الماء.

My father said, Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya, raising it, said,

‘He-asws said: ‘The washing on the day of Friday is Obligatory upon the men and the women, (even) during the travel and the hazards, except that it has been allowed for the women (not to wash) during the travel, due to (if there is) the scarcity of the water’.[231]

(باب 205 – العلة التى من أجلها كان الناس يستنجون بثلاثة) (أحجار، والعلة التى من أجلها صاروا يستنجدون بالماء)

Chapter 205 – The reason due to which the people used to clean themselves (after defecation) with three stones, and the reason due to which they came to be cleaning themselves with the water

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا محمد بن عبد الله الحسين عن عبد الرحمان بن هاشم البجلى عن أبى خديجة عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: كان الناس يستنجون بثلاثة أحجار لانهم كانوا يأكلون البسر فكانوا يبعرون بعرا فأكل رجل من الانصار الدبا فلان بطنه واستنجى بالماء بعث إليه النبي صلى الله عليه وآله

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Husayn, from Abdul Rahman Bin Hashim Al Bajaly, from Abu Khadeeja,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The people used to clean themselves (after defecation) by three stones, because they were eating dates, and they used to defecate like the camels. So a man from the Helpers ate the locust, so his excretion was soft, and he cleaned himself with the water. So the Prophet-saww sent for him’.

قال: فجاء الرجل وهو خائف يظن ان يكون قد نزل فيه أمر يسوؤه في استنجائه بالماء فقال له هل عملت في يومك هذا شيئا؟ فقال: نعم يارسول الله انى والله ما حملني على الاستنجاء بالماء إلا انى أكلت طعاما، فلان بطني فلم تغن عنى الحجارة شيئا فاستنجيت بالماء فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله هنيئا لك فان الله تعالى قدانزل فيك آية فابشر ان الله يحب التوابين المتطهرين فكنت أول من صنع هذا أول التوابين وأول المتطهرين.

He-asws said: ‘So the man came over, and he was fearing, thinking that a Revelation might have come down regarding him which was bad for him, with regards to cleaning with the water. So he-saww said: ‘Do you know of anything in this day of yours?’ So he said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww! By Allah-azwj! I would not have washed myself with the water except that I ate such food, so my inside was soft. Thus nothing from the stones was appropriate for me, therefore I washed myself with the water’. So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Congratulations to you, for Allah-azwj the High has Revealed a Verse with regards to you, so receive good news that [2:222] surely Allah Loves the repentant, and He Loves those who purify themselves’. He was first one who did this (cleaning with the water), and the first of the repentants, and the purifiers (with the water)’.[232]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميرى، عن هارون بن مسلم عن مسعدة بن زياد، عن أبى عبد الله عليه السلام ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال لبعض نسائه: مرى نساء المؤمنين ان يستنجين بالماء ويبالغن فانه مطهرة للحواشي ومذهبة للبواسير.

My father said, ‘Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri, from Haroun Bin Muslim, from Mas’ada Bin Ziyad,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to one of his-saww wives: ‘Pass by the wives of the Believers and tell them to clean themselves with the water, for it is a purifier for the surrounding areas, and it does away with the haemorrhoids’.[233]

(باب 206 – العلة في المضمضة والاستنشاق وانهما ليسا من أو ضوء)

Chapter 206 – The reason for the rinsing of the mouth and the nose both not being part of the ablution

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن اسماعيل بن مرار، عن يونس بن عبد الرحمان، عمن أخبره عن أبى بصير عن أبى جعفر وأبى عبد الله عليهم السلام انهما قالا: المضمضة والاستنشاق ليسا من الوضوء لانهما من الجوف.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Ismail Bin Marar, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from the one who informed him, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws both having said: ‘The rinsing of the mouth and the nose, both are not from the ablution, because they are both from the inside (to do with the interior of the body)’.[234]

(باب 207 – العلة التى من أجلها لا يجب غسل الثوب الذى) (يقع في الماء الذى يستنجى به)

Chapter 207 – The reason due to which it is not Obligatory to wash the cloth which falls in the water which has been used to cleaning oneself

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسين عن محمد بن اسماعيل بن بزيع عن يونس بن عبد الرحمان، عن رجل من أهل المشرق عن العنزا عن الاحول قال: دخلت على ابى عبد الله عليه السلام فقال: سل عما شئت فارتجت علي المسائل فقال لي سل مابدا لك فقلت جعلت فداك الرجل يستنجى فيقع ثوبه في الماء الذي يستنجى به فقال لا باس به فسكت فقال أو تدري لم صار لا بأس به؟ قلت لا والله جعلت فداك فقال: لان الماء اكثر من القذر.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Bazie, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from a man from the people of Al Mashraq, from Al Anza, from Al Ahowl who said,

‘I went over to Abu Abdullah-asws, so he-asws said: ‘Ask whatever you like to’. So the questions moved me (hesitated). So he-asws said to me: ‘Ask whatever occurs to you’. So I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! The man cleans himself (from defecation), so his cloth falls in the water which he has used to clean himself with’. So he-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it’. So I was quiet. So he-asws said :’Or do you know why it became such that there is no problem with it?’ I said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, may I be sacrificed for you-asws’. So he-asws said: ‘Because the water is far more than the filth (in it)’.[235]

(باب 208 – العلة التى من أجلها لم تجب المضمضة والاستنشاق في غسل الجنابة)

Chapter 208 – The reason due to which rinsing of the mouth and the nose are not Obligatory in the major ablution (Ghusl Janabat)

ابى رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن ابى يحيى الواسطي، عمن حدثه قال: قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام الجنب يتمضمض فقال: لا إنما يجنب الظاهر ولا يجنب الباطن والفم من الباطن.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Abu Yahya Al Wasity, from the one who mentioned it who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Does the one who is in requirement of a major ablution have to rinse his mouth?’ So he-asws said: ‘But rather, he has (sexual impurity) on the exterior (of his body) and not the interior, and the mouth is from the interior’.[236]

وروى في حديث آخر ان الصادق عليه السلام قال في غسل الجنابة ان شئت ان تتمضمض وتستنشق فافعل وليس بواجب لان الغسل على ما ظهر لاعلى ما بطن

And it has been reported in a Hadeeth that Al-Sadiq-asws said with regards to the major ablution (Ghusl Janabat) that: ‘If you like to rinse your mouth and your nose, so do it, but it is not an Obligation, because the washing is upon what is apparent, and not upon what is hidden’.[237]

(باب 209 – العلة التى من أجلها إذا اغتسل الرجل من الجنابة) (قبل ان يبول ثم خرج منه شئ أعاد الغسل والمرأة) (إذا خرج منها شئ بعد الغسل لم تعد الغسل)

Chapter 209 – The reason due to which when the man washes from the sexual impurity before he urinates, then something comes out from him, he has to repeat the washing, and the woman, when something comes out from her after she has washed, does not have to repeat the washing

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد عن عثمان بن عيسى عن ابن مسكان عن سليمان بن خالد عن أبى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: سألته عن رجل أجنب فاغتسل قبل ان يبول فخرج منه شئ، قال: يعيد الغسل، قلت: فامرأة يخرج منها شئ بعد الغسل قال: لا تعيد قلت: فما الفرق بينهما؟ قال: لان مايخرج من المرأة إنما هو من ماء الرجل.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Usman Bin Isa, from Ibn Muskan, from Suleyman Bin Khalid,

(The narrator says), ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about a man who had sexual impurity, so he washed before he urinated, and something came out from him (a discharge)’. He-asws said: ‘He should repeat the washing’. I said, ‘So the woman, something comes out from her after the washing?’ He-asws said: ‘She does not have to repeat it’. I said, ‘So what is the difference between the two of them?’ He-asws said: ‘Because what comes out from the woman, but rather it is from the water of the man’.[238]

(210 – العلة التى من أجلها يجوز للحايض والجنب ان يجوزا) (في المسجد، ولا يضعا فيه شيئا)

Chapter – 210 – The reason due to which it is allowed for the (woman) menstruating and the (man) with sexual impurity to pass through the Masjid, and not place anything in it

أبى رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا يعقوب بن يزيد عن حماد بن عيسى عن حريز عن زرارة ومحمد بن مسلم عن ابى جعفر عليه السلام قالا: قلنا له الحائض والجنب يدخلان المسجد أم لا؟ قال الحائض والجنب لا يدخلان المسجد إلا مجتازين ان الله تبارك وتعالى يقول: (ولاجنبا إلا عابري سبيل حتى تغتسلوا) ويأخذان من المسجد ولا يضعان فيه شيئا

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zarara and Muhammad Bin Muslim,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws, both of them said, ‘We said to him-asws, ‘Can the menstruating (woman), and the sexually impure (man) both enter the Masjid, or not?’ He-asws said: ‘The menstruating (woman) and the sexually impure (man) cannot enter the Masjid except when passing by. Allah-azwj Blessed and High is Saying [4:43] nor when you are under an Obligation to perform a bath – unless (you are) travelling on the road, both can be taking something from the Masjid, and not placing anything in it’.

قال زرارة: قلت له فما بالهما ياخذان منه ولا يضعان فيه؟ قال: لانهما لا يقدران على أخذ ما فيه إلا منه ويقدران على وضع ما بيدهما في غيره

Zurara said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘So what is the matter with both of them to be taking (something) from it, and not place anything in it?’ He-asws said: ‘Because both of them have no ability (choice) upon taking whatever is in it except (to take) from it, and they are able to place whatever in their hands, somewhere else’.

قلت فهل يقرآن من القرآن شيئا قال: نعم ما شاءا إلا السجدة ويذكران الله على كل حال.

I said, ‘So can they both be reciting anything from the Quran?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, whatever they like, except for the Prostration (Verses), and they can both mention Allah-azwj upon every situation’.[239]

(باب 211 – العلة في الفرق بين مايخرج من الصحيح وبين) (مايخرج من المريض من الماء الرقيق)

Chapter 211 – The reason regarding the difference between what comes out from the healthy (person) and what comes out from the sick (person), from the thick water

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن ابيه عن ابن المغيرة عن حريز عن ابن أبى يعفور قال: قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام الرجل يرى في المنام انه يجامع ويجد الشهوة فيستيقظ وينظر فلا يرى شيئا ثم يمكث بعد فيخرج قال: ان كان مريضا فليغتسل وان لم يكن مريضا فلا شئ عليه قال: قلت فما الفرق بينهما قال: لان الرجل إذا كان صحيحا جاء الماء بدفقة قوية، وان كان مريضا لم يجئ إلا بضعف.

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Ibn Al Mugheira, from Hareyz, from Ibn Abu Yafour who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The man sees in his dream that he is copulating and finds the desire. So he wakes up and looks, but he does not see anything. Then he remains for a while afterwards, so it comes out’. He-asws said: ‘If he was sick, so he should wash, and if he was not sick, so there is nothing upon him’. I said, ‘So what is the difference between the two of them?’ He-asws said: ‘Because the man, when he was healthy, his water comes strongly spurting out, but if he was sick, it would not come except with the weakness’.[240]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن ابيه، عن حماد عن حريز عن زرارة عن أبى جعفر عليه السلام قال: إذا كانت مريضا فاصابتك شهوة فانه ربما كان هو الدافق لكنه يجئ مجيئا ضعيفا ليست له قوة لمكان مرضك ساعة بعد ساعة قليلا قليلا فاغتسل منه.

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Hamaad, from Hareyz, from Zarara,

Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When you are sick and are hit by desire, so perhaps it was the continuously coming out with a weak flowing, not having any strength to it, due to your illness, time after time, little by little, so you should wash (major ablution) from it’.[241]

(باب 212 – النوادر)

Chapter 212 – The Miscellaneous

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن الحسن بن علي الكوفي عن عبد الله بن جبلة عن رجل، عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: ان الرجل ليعبد الله أربعين سنة وما يطيعه في الوضوء.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated o us, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Abdullah Bin Jabala, from a man,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The man worships Allah-azwj for forty years, and does not obey Him-azwj with regards to the ablution, (it would not be Acceptable from him)’.[242]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن محمد بن الحسين بن أبى الخطاب عن الحكم بن مسكين عن محمد بن مروان قال: قال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” يأتي على الرجل ستون أو سبعون سنة ما يقبل الله منه صلاة قال: قلت فكيف ذاك؟ لانه يغسل ما أمر الله بمسحه.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Al Hakam Bin Maskeyn, from Muhammad Bin Marwan who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The man comes to be of sixty or seventy years, and Allah-azwj does not Accept the Prayer from him’. I said, ‘So how can that be?’ He-asws said: ‘Because he washes, what Allah-azwj has Commanded him with the wiping’.[243]

(باب 213 – العلة التى من أجلها يجب أن يسمى الله تعالى عند الوضوء)

Chapter 213 – The reason due to which it is Obligatory to Name Allah-azwj the High (saying Bismillah) during the ablution

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار قال حدثنا محمد بن احمد عن محمد بن اسماعيل، عن علي بن الحكم، عن داود العجلى مولى أبى المغيرة، عن أبى بصير، عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: قال يا أبا محمد من توضأ فذكر إسم الله طهر جميع جسده وكان الوضوء إلى الوضوء كفاره لما بينهما من الذنوب ومن لم يسم لم يطهر من جسده إلا ما أصابه الماء.

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Muhammad Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Dawood Al Ajaly, a slave of Abu Al Mugheira, from Abu Baseer,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘O Abu Muhammad! The one who performs the ablution, so he mentioned the Name of Allah-azwj, would purify his entire body, and it would be an expiation from the sins, from one ablution to the other. And the one who does not mention (Bismillah), does not purify his body except for (the parts which) are hit by the water’.[244]

(باب 214 – العلة التى من أجلها إذا نسى المتوضئ الذراع) (والرأس كان عليه أن يعيد الوضوء)

Chapter 214 – The reason due to which the performer of the ablution forgets (washing) the arms, and (wiping) the head, it would be upon him to repeat the ablution

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنى الحسين بن محمد بن عامر عن معلى بن محمد عن الحسن بن علي الوشاء، عن حماد بن عثمان، عن حكم بن حكيم قال: سألت أبا عبد الله ” ع ” عن رجل نسى من الوضوء الذراع والرأس؟ قال: يعيد الوضوء ان الوضوء يتبع بعضه بعضا.

My father said, ‘Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Aamir narrated to us, from Moala Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Washa, from Hamaad Bin Usman, from Hakam Bin Hakeym who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about a man who forgets the arms and the head from the ablution?’ He-asws said: ‘He should repeat the ablution. The Ablution, parts of it follow each other (it is sequential)’.[245]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن فضالة بن أيوب، عن سماعة، عن أبى بصير، عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: إذا توضأت بعض وضوءك فعرضت لك حاجة حتى يبس وضوءك فاعد وضوءك فان الوضوء لايبعض.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Sama’at, from Abu Baseer,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘When you have performed part of your ablution, and a need presents itself to you to the extent that your ablution dries out, so repeat your ablution, for the ablution is continuous (sequential)’.[246]

(باب 215 – علة الطمث)

Chapter 215 – Reason for the menstruation

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al barqy, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Abu Ayoub Al Khazaz, from Abu Ubeyda Al Haza’a,

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادى قال حدثنا احمد بن أبى عبد الله البرقي قال حدثنا الحسن بن محبوب عن أبى أيوب الخزاز عن أبى عبيدة الحذاء عن أبى جعفر محمد بن علي ” ع ” قال: الحيض من النساء نجاسة رماهن الله بها، قال: وقد كن النساء في زمن نوح إنما تحيض المرأة في كل سنة حيضة حتى خرجن نسوة من حجابهن وهن سبعمائة امرأة فانطلقن فلبس المعصفرات من الثياب وتحلين وتعطرن ثم خرجن فتفرقن في البلاد فجلسن مع الرجال وشهدن الاعياد معهم وجلسن في صفوفهم فرماهن الله بالحيض عند ذلك في كل شهر أولئك النسوة باعيانهن فسالت دمائهن فخرجن من بين الرجال وكن يحضن في كل شهر حيضة، قال: فاشغلهن الله تبارك وتعالى بالحيض وكثر شهوتهن،

Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws has said: ‘The menstruation from the women is an impurity which Allah-azwj has Thrown at the women. And the women in the era of Noah-saww used to menstruate in every year, only once, until the women came out from their veils, and there were seven hundred women. So they wore yellow dresses, and made up, and applied perfume, then went out dispersing in the cities. So they gathered with the men and participated in the festivals with them, and sat in their rows. Therefore, Allah-azwj Cast the menstruation at them during that to be once every month. Those were the women who used to sell themselves. So their blood flowed, and they went out from in between the men, and it became so that their menstruation occurred once in every month’. He-asws said: ‘So Allah-azwj Blessed and High got them to be occupied with the menstruation due to the frequency of their lustful desires’.

قال: وكان غيرهن من النساء اللواتى لم يفعلن مثل فعلهن كن يحضن في كل سنة حيضة قال فتزوج بنو اللاتى يحضن في كل شهر حيضة بنات اللاتى يحضن في كل سنة حيضة، قال: فامتزج القوم فحضن بنات هؤلاء وهؤلاء في كل شهرحيضة، قال: وكثر أولاد اللاتى يحضن في كل شهر حيضة لاستقامة الحيض، وقل أولاد اللاتى لا يحضن في السنة إلا حيضة لفساد الدم قال: فكثر نسل هؤلاء وقل نسل أولئك.

He-asws said: ‘And the other women who did not do the like of what they had done, their menstruation occurred once in every year. So the sons of those who menstruated every month married the daughters of those who were menstruating once every year with a menstruation. Thus, the people intermingled, and the daughters of these ones and those ones menstruated every month with a menstruation. And the children of those who menstruated once in every month with a menstruation were numerous due to the occurrence of the menstruation, and the children of those that did not menstruate in a year except for one menstruation were less due to the spoiling of the blood. Thus, the offspring of these ones were numerous, and the offspring of those ones were a few’.[247]

(باب 216 – العلة التى من أجلها يبدأ صاحب البيت بالوضوء قبل الطعام)

Chapter 216 – The reason due to which the owner of the house should begin with the ablution (washing) before the meal

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادى عن احمد بن ابى عبد الله البرقى عن محمد بن علي الكوفي عن عثمان ابن عيسى عن محمد بن عجلان عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: الوضوء قبل الطعام يبدأ صاحب البيت لئلا يحتشم أحد فأذا فرغ من الطعام يبدأ من عن يمين الباب حرا كان أو عبدا.

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Usman Ibn Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ajlan,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The ablution (washing of the hands) before the meal, the owner of the house should begin, perhaps there is someone who would be embarrassed. So when (everyone) is free from the meal, he should begin (providing water for washing of the hands) from his right of the door, be it a free one or a slave’.[248]

وفي حديث آخر فليغسل أولا رب البيت يده ثم يبدأ بمن عن يمينه وإذا رفع الطعام بدأ بمن على يسار صاحب المنزل ويكون آخر من يغسل يده صاحب المنزل لانه أولى بالغمر ويتمندل عند ذلك.

And in another Hadeeth: ‘So let the owner of the house be the first one to wash his hands, then begin from his right, (providing water for the washing). And when the food is lifted, he should begin with the one on the left of the owner of the house, so that the owner of the house would be the last one to wash his hands, because he would be the first one with the immersion and wiping with the hand towel during that’.[249]

(باب 217 – العلة التى من أجلها أعطيت النفساء ثمانية عشر يوما) (ولم تعط أقل منها ولا أكثر)

Chapter 217 – The reason due to which the bleeding after childbirth have been given eighteen days, and not been given less from it or more

أخبرني علي بن حاتم قال: أخبرني القاسم بن محمد قال: حدثنا حمدان ابن الحسين عن الحسين بن الوليد عن حنان بن سدير قال: قلت لاي علة اعطيت النفساء ثمانية عشر يوما ولم تعط أقل منها ولا أكثر؟ قال: لان الحيض أقله ثلاثة أيام وأوسطه خمسة أيام، واكثره عشرة أيام، فاعطيت أقل الحيض وأوسطه واكثره.

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Ibn Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from Hanan Bin Sudeyr who said,

‘I said, ‘For which reason has the bleeding after childbirth been given eighteen days and was not give any less from it, nor any more?’ He-asws said: ‘Because the menstruation, its minimum is three days, and its median is of five days, and its maximum is of ten days. Thus is has been given the minimum of the menstruation, and its median, and its maximum’.[250]

(218 – العلة التى من أجلها لا يجوز للحايض أن تختضب)

Chapter 218 – The reason due to which the menstruating (woman) is not allowed to apply dye (hair colour)

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى عن محمد بن احمد ابن يحيى، عن احمد بن ابى عبد الله، عن علي بن اسباط، عن عمه يعقوب، عن أبى بكر الحضرمي، عن أبى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: سألته عن الحائض هل تختضب؟ قال: لا، لانه يخاف عليها من الشيطان.

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Ibn Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from his uncle Yaqoub, from Abu Bakr Al Hazramy,

(The narrator says): ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the menstruating (woman), can she apply dye (hair colour?’ He-asws said: ‘No, because she should fear from the Satan-la overcoming her’.[251]

(باب 219 – العلة التى من أجلها لا ترى الحامل الحيض)

Chapter 219 – The reason due to which the pregnant woman does not see the menstruation

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن ابى القاسم عن محمد بن علي الكوفي عن عبد الله بن عبد الرحمان الاصم، عن الهيثم بن واقد، عن مقرن، عن أبى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: سأل سلمان رحمة الله عليه عليا صلوات الله عليه عن رزق الولد في بطن أمه، فقال: ان الله تبارك وتعالى حبس عليه الحيضة فجعلها رزقه في بطن أمه.

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman Al Asim, from Al Haysam Bin Waqad, from Maqran,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Salman-as asked Ali-asws about the sustenance of the child in the belly of its mother. So he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High Withholds her menstruation, so He-azwj Makes it to be sustenance for it in the belly of its mother’.[252] 

(باب 220 – آداب الحمام)

Chapter 220 – Etiquettes of the bathroom

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن الحسن بن علي عن عبد الله بن بكير عن عبد الله بن أبى يعفور قال: لا حاني زرارة بن أعين في نتف الابط وحلقه فقلت نتفه أفضل من حلقه وطليه أفضل منهما جميعا فاتينا باب ابى عبد الله ” ع ” فطلبنا الاذن عليه فقيل لنا هو في الحمام

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazal, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Abdullah Bin Bakeyr, from Abdullah Bin Abu Yafour who said,

‘Zarara Bin Ayn did not agree with me with regards to plucking (the hair) from the armpits and shaving it. So I said, ‘Plucking it is preferable to shaving it, and waxing it is better than both of these’. So we came over to the door of Abu Abdullah-asws. We sought permission to (see) him-asws, but it was said to us, ‘He-asws is in the (Public) baths’.

فذهبنا إلى الحمام فخرج صلى الله عليه علينا وقد اطلى ابطه فقلت لزرارة يكفيك؟ قال: لا لعله إنما فعله لعلة به فقال فيما اتيتما فقلت لاحانى زرارة بن أعين في نتف الابط وحلقه، فقلت نتفه أفضل من حلقه وطليه أفضل منهما، فقال أما انك أصبت السنة واخطأها زرارة اما ان نتفه أفضل من حلقه وطليه أفضل منهما،

So we went over to the baths, and he-asws came out to us, and he-asws had applied wax to his-asws armpits. So I said to Zarara, ‘Is it sufficient for you (now)?’ He said, ‘No. But rather, perhaps he-asws has done it due to a reason for it’. So he-asws said: ‘Regarding what have you both come over?’ So I said, ‘Zarara Bin Ayan did not agree with me with regards to plucking the hair from the armpits and its shaving. So I said that plucking is better than shaving it, and waxing it is better than both of these’. So he-asws said: ‘But, you have hit the Sunnah, and Zarara has erred in it. Plucking it is better than shaving it, and waxing it is better than both of these’. 

ثم قال لنا اطليا فقلنا فعلنا منذ ثلاث فقال أعيدا فان الاطلاء طهور ففعلنا فقال لي تعلم يابن أبى يعفور فقلت جعلت فداك علمني

Then he-asws said to us: ‘Wax it’. So we said, ‘We have done it three days ago’. So he-asws said: ‘Repeat it, for the waxing is a purifier’. So we did it. So he-asws to us: ‘Learn, O Ibn Abu Yafour!’ So I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, teach me’.

فقال إياك والاضطجاع في الحمام فانه يذيب شحم الكليتين وإياك والاستلقاء على القفاء في الحمام فانه يورث داء الدبيلة، وإياك والتمشط في الحمام فانه يورث وباء الشعر، واياك والسواك في الحمام فانه يورث وباء الاسنان، وإياك ان تغسل رأسك بالطين فانه يسمج الوجه، وإياك ان تدلك رأسك ووجهك بميزر فانه يذهب بماء الوجه، وإياك ان تدلك تحت قدمك بالخزف فانه يورث البرص،

So he-asws said: ‘Beware of lying down in the bath, for it melts the fat of the two kidneys. And beware of lying down upon your right in the bath, for it inherits the illness of empyema (pus in the chest). And beware of combing in the bath, for it inherits the plague of hair. And beware of brushing in the bath, for it inherits the plague of the teeth. And beware washing your head with (Egyptian) mud, for it disfigures the face. And beware of rubbing your head and your face with leather for it takes away the water of the face. And beware of rubbing your feet with (Syrian) clay under it, for it inherits the vitiligo.

وإياك ان تغتسل من غسالة الحمام ففيها يجتمع غسالة اليهودي والنصراني والمجوسي والناصب لنا أهل البيت وهو شرهم فان الله تبارك وتعالى لم يخلق خلقا انجس من الكلب وان الناصب لنا أهل البيت انجس منه. (قال مصنف هذا الكتاب) رويت في خبر آخر أن هذا الطين هو طين مصر وان هذا الخزف هو خزف الشام.

And beware of washing from the washer of the bath, for therein gather the bathers from the Jews, and the Christians, and the Magians, and the Nasibis, hostile ones to us-asws, the People-asws of the Household, and they are the most evil of them, for Allah-azwj Blessed and High did not Create a creature filthier than the dog, and the one who is hostile to us-asws, the People-asws of the Household is filthier than it’.[253]

(باب 221 – العلة التى من أجلها لم يأمر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله) (بالسواك مع كل صلاة)

Chapter 221 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-saww did not order for the brushing (of the teeth) along with every Prayer

أبى رحمه قال: حدثنا على بن ابراهيم، عن ابيه عن عبد الله بن ميمون عن ابى جعفر ” ع ” قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لولا ان اشق على أمتي لامرتهم بالسواك مع كل صلاة.

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Maymoun,

Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Had it not been too difficult upon my-saww community, I-saww would have ordered them with the brushing of the teeth along with every Prayer’.[254]

(باب 222 – العلة التى من أجلها سن السواك وقت القيام باليل)

Chapter 222 – The reason due to which the brushing of the teeth is Sunnah at the time of standing at night (for the Prayer)

أبى رحمه الله قال حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن ابيه عمن ذكره عن عبد الله بن حماد بن ابى بكر بن ابى سماك قال قال أبو عبد الله ” ع ” اذاقمت باليل فاستك فان الملك يأتيك فيضع فاه على فيك فليس من حرف تتلوه وتنطق به إلا صعد به إلى السماء فليكن فوك طيب الريح.

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from the one who mentioned it, from Abdullah Bin Hamaad Bin Abu Bakr Bin Abu Samaak who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When you stand at night (for the Prayer), so brush your teeth, for an Angel comes to you and places its mouth upon your mouth. Thus, there is none from a letter recited and spoken with, except that it ascends with it to the sky. So let your mouth be with aromatic wind’.[255]

(باب 224 – العلة التى من أجلها تقضى الحايض الصوم ولا تقضى الصلاة)

Chapter 224 – The reason due to which the menstruating woman fulfills the (missed) Fast and does not fulfill the (missed) Prayer

حدثنا علي بن احمد قال: حدثنا محمد بن ابى عبد الله قال: حدثنا موسى ابن عمران عن عمه عن علي بن ابى حمزة عن أبى بصير قال: سألت ابا عبد الله ” ع ” ما بال الحائض تقضي الصوم ولا تقضي الصلاة؟ قال: لان الصوم إنما هو في السنة شهر، والصلاة في كل يوم وليلة، فاوجب الله عليها قضاء الصوم ولم يوجب عليها قضاء الصلاة لذلك.

Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Musa Ibn Imran, from his uncle, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What is the matter that the menstruating woman fulfils the Fast (missed out) and does not fulfil the Prayers (missed out)?’ He-asws said: ‘Because the Fast is a month from the year, and the Prayer is in every day and night. Therefore, Allah-azwj Obligated upon her the fulfilment of the Fast and did not Obligate upon her the fulfilment of the Prayer, due to that’.[256]

(باب 225 – العلة التى من أجلها يغسل الثوب من لبن الجارية وبولها) (ولا يغسل من لبن الغلام وبوله)

Chapter 225 – The reason due to which the cloth is to be washed from the milk and urine of the girl child on milk, and need not be washed from the milk and urine of the boy child on milk

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن احمد بن الوليد رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن ابراهيم بن هاشم، عن الحسين بن يزيد النوفلي، عن اسماعيل بن مسلم السكوني، عن جعفر بن محمد عن ابيه عليهما السلام ان عليا ” ع ” قال: لبن الجارية وبولها يغسل منه الثوب قبل ان تطعم لان لبنها يخرج من مثانة أمها ولبن الغلام لا يغسل منه الثوب ولابوله قبل ان يطعم، لان لبن الغلام يخرج من المنكبين والعضدين.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Al Husayn Bin Yazeed Al Nowfaly, from Ismail Bin Muslim Al Sakuny,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘The girl, before she has started eating (only drinks milk), the cloth would be washed from her milk and her urine, because her milk comes out from the gall bladder of her mother, and the milk of the boy (child) before he has started eating (only drinks milk), the cloth need not be washed from it, nor from his urine, because the milk of the boy child comes out from the two shoulder and the two upper arms (of its mother)’.[257]

(باب 227 – العلة التى من أجلها كانت الازد أعذب الناس أفواها)

Chapter 227 – The reason due to which (the people of) Azd tend to be the people with the freshest of the mouths

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن محمد بن احمد، عن محمد بن حسان الرازي، عن محمد بن يزيد الرازي، عن ابى البختري عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لما دخل الناس في الدين أفواجا اتتهم الازد أرقها قلوبا واعذبها أفواها، قيل يارسول الله هذه أرقها قلوبا عرفناه فلم صارت أعذبها أفواها؟ قال: لانها كانت تستاك في الجاهلية قال: وقال جعفر ” ع ” لكل شئ طهور وطهور الفم السواك

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Hasaan Al Razy, from Muhammad Bin Yazeed Al Razy, from Abu Al Bakhtary,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When the people entered into the Religion in droves, the (people of) Azd came over, who were softer of hearts and fresher of mouths. It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! These ones are softer of hearts, we understand it, so why did they become fresher of the mouths?’ He-saww said: ‘because they used to brush their teeth during the Pre-Islamic period’. And Ja’far-asws said: ‘For everything is a purifier, and the purifier of the mouth is the brushing of the teeth’.[258] 

(باب 230 – العلة التى من أجلها يستحب ان يكون الانسان) (في جميع الاحوال على وضوء)

Chapter 230 – The reason due to which it is recommended that the human being should happen to be upon ablution in all of his situations

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن عيسى اليقطينى، عن القاسم بن يحيى، عن جده الحسن بن راشد عن أبى بصير عن أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال حدثنى أبى عن جدي عن آبائه أمير المؤمنين ” ع ” قال: لاينام المسلم وهو جنب ولا ينام إلا على طهور فان لم يجد الماء فليتيمم بالصعيد فان روح المؤمن تروح إلى الله تعالى فيلقيها ويبارك عليها فان كان أجلها قد حضر جعلها في مكنون رحمته وان لم يكن أجلها قد حضر بعث بها مع امنائه من الملائكة فيردوها في جسده.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa Al Yaqteeny, from Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from his grandfather Al Hassan Bin Rashid, from Abu Baseer,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘My-asws father-asws narrated to me-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws, from his forefather-asws Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘The Muslim should not sleep whilst he is with sexual impurity, and he should not sleep unless his is clean. So if he cannot find the water, so let him perform Tayammum with the clean earth, for the soul of the Believer goes to Allah-azwj. So it is met with, and it is Blessed upon. Thus, if its term has presented itself, it is Made to be in innermost Mercy, and if its term has not yet come, it is Sent along with the trustworthy ones from the Angels, who return it back into its body’.[259]

(231 – العلة التى من أجلها صار المذى والودى لا ينقضان الوضوء)

Chapter 231 – The reason due to which seminal fluid and the blood (discharge) are not breakers of the ablution

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن ابيه عن حماد عن حريز عن زرارة عن أبى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: ان سال من ذكرك شئ من مذي أو ودي وأنت في الصلاة فلا تقطع الصلاة ولا تنقض له الوضوء وان بلغ عقبك، إنما ذلك بمنزلة النخامة وكل شئ خرج منك بعد الوضوء فانه من الحبائل اومن البواسير فليس بشئ فلا تغسله من ثوبك إلا ان تقذره.

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Hamaad, from Hareyz, from Zarara,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘If something flows from your manhood, seminal fluid or blood (discharge), and you are in the Prayers, so do not cut off the Prayer even if it reaches your heel. But rather, that is at the status of the phlegm, and everything which comes out from you after the ablution, so it is from the veins or from the haemorrhoids. Thus, it is not with anything, so you do not (have to) wash it from your clothes unless it attaches itself to it’.[260]

وبهذا الاسناد عن حريز قال: سألت أبا جعفر عليه السلام عن المذي يسيل حتى يبلغ الفخذ قال: لا يقطع صلاته ولا يغسله من فخذه لانه لم يخرج من مخرج المنى إنما بمنزلة النخامة.

And by this chain from Hareyz who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the seminal fluid flowing until it reaches the thigh. He-asws said: ‘He should not cut off his Prayer nor wash it from his thigh, because it does not come out from the exit place of the sperms. But rather, it is at the status of the phlegm’.[261]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن ابن أبى عمير عن عمر بن أذينة عن يزيد بن معاوية قال سألت أحدهما عليهما السلام عن المذي فقال: لا ينقضن الوضوء ولا يغسل منه ثوب ولاجسد إنما هو بمنزلة البصاق والمخاط.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Yazeed Bin Muawiya who said,

‘I asked one of the two (5th Imam-asws or 6th Imam-asws) about the seminal fluid discharge, so he-asws said: ‘It does not break the ablution, and do not wash the cloth from it nor the body. But rather, it is at the status of the phlegm and the mucus’.[262]

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى عن احمد بن محمد عن ابن فضال عن ابن بكير عن عمر بن حنظلة قال: سألت ابا عبد الله عن المذي قال: ما هو والنخامة إلا سواء.

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazal, from Ibn Bakeyr, from Umar Bin Hanzala who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the seminal fluid discharge. He-asws said: ‘It and the phlegm are the same’.[263]

(باب 232 – العلة التى من أجلها يحمل أهل الكتاب موتاهم إلى الشام)

Chapter 232 – The reason due to which the People of the Book carry their dead ones to Syria

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن احمد بن محمد عن الحسن ابن علي بن فضال عن ابى الحسن عليه السلام انه قال: احتبس القمر عن بنى اسرائيل فأوحى الله إلى موسى ان اخرج عظام يوسف من مصر ووعده طلوع القمر إذا أخرج عظامه، فسئل موسى عمن يعلم موضع قبر يوسف فقيل له هاهنا عجوز تعلم علمه

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Ibn Ali Bin Fazal,

Abu Al-Hassan-asws has said: ‘The moonlight was Withheld from the Chidlren of Israel. So Allah-azwj Revealed unto Musa-as: “Extract the bones of Yusuf-as from Egypt and I-azwj Promise you-as the moonrise”. When he-as extracted his-as bones, so Musa-as asked around about the one who would know the place of the grave of Yusuf-as. So it was said to him-as, ‘Over there is an old woman, she has the knowledge of it’.

فبعث إليها فاتى بعجوز مقعدة عمياء فقال لها أتعرفين موضع قبر يوسف! قالت نعم، قال فاخبريني به قالت: لا، حتى تعطيني أربع خصال: تطلق لي رجلى وتعيد إلي بصرى وتعيد إلي شبابى وتجعلنى معك في الجنة

So he-as sent for her, so they came with the old woman who was crippled and blind. So he-as said to her: ‘Do you recognise the place of the grave of Yusuf-as?’ She said, ‘Yes’. He-as said: ‘So inform me of it’. She said, ‘No, until you-as give me four characteristics – Fire up my feet for me, and return my eyesight to me, and return to me my youth, and make me to be with you-as in the Paradise’.

قال: فكبر ذلك على موسى قال فأوحى الله عز وجل إليه يا موسى إعطها ما سألت فانك انما تعطى على فعل فدلته عليه فاستخرجه من شاطئ النيل في صندوق مرمر، فلما أخرجه طلع القمر فحمله إلى الشام، فلذلك تحمل أهل الكتاب موتاهم إلى الشام.

He-asws said: ‘So that was grievous upon Musa-as, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto him-as: “O Musa-as! Give her what she is asking for, for you-as would be giving her upon a deed, so she would direct you-as to it”. So he-as extracted him-as from the shores of the Nile in a gypsum box. So when he-as extracted him-as, the moon rose. So he-as carried him-as to Syria. Thus, it is due to that, the People of the Book tend to carry their dead to Syria’.[264]

(باب 233 – العلة التى من أجلها صارحمى ليلة كفارة سنة)

Chapter 233 – The reason due to which the fever of one night came to be an expiation (for the sins) for a year

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن القاسم بن محمد، عن سليمان بن داود عن سفيان بن عيينة عن الزهري قال: سمعت ابا عبد الله عليه السلام يقول: حمى ليلة كفارة سنة، وذلك لان ألمها يبقى في الجسد سنة.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Suleyman Bin dawood, from Sufyan Bin Ayayna, from Al Zuhryy who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Fever for a night is an expiation for a year (for the sins), and that is because the pain remains in the body for a year’.[265]

 (باب 234 – علة توجيه الميت إلى القبلة)

Chapter 234 – Reason for facing the dead (dying ones) towards the Qiblah

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار، عن محمد بن احمد، عن ابى جعفر احمد بن ابى عبد الله، عن أبى الجوزاء المنبه بن عبد الله عن الحسين بن علوان عن عمرو بن خالد، عن زيد بن علي، عن آبائه، عن علي عليه السلام قال: دخل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله على رجل من ولد عبد المطلب فإذا هو في السوق وقد وجه إلى غير القبلة فقال: وجهوه إلى القبلة فانكم إذا فعلتم ذلك أقبلت عليه الملائكة واقبل الله عليه بوجهه فلم يزل كذلك حتى يقبض.

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Abu Ja’far Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Abu Al Jowza Al Manbah Bin Abdullah, from Al Husayn Bin Alwan, from Amro Bin Khalid,

(It has been narrated) from Zayd son of Ali-asws, from his forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww went over to a man from the Clan of Abdul Muttalib-as, and he was in the market, and his face was towards other than the Qiblah. So he-saww said: ‘Face him towards the Qiblah, for when you do that, the Angels would face him, and Allah-azwj would Face him by His-azwj Face’. So he did not cease to be like that until he (his soul) was captured’.[266]

(باب 235 – علة سهولة النزع وصعوبته على المؤمن والكافر)

Chapter 235 – Reason for the easing of the pangs of the death and its difficulties upon the Believer and the Infidel

أبى رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن أبى القاسم ماجيلويه عن محمد ابن علي الكوفى عن محمد بن سنان عن المفضل بن عمر قال: قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام يا مفضل اياك والذنوب وحذرها شيعتنا فوإلله ماهى إلى احد اسرع منها اليكم ان أحدكم لتصيبه المعرة من السلطان وما ذاك الا بذنوبه وانه ليصيبه السقم وما ذاك إلا بذنوبه وانه ليحبس عنه الرزق وما هو إلا بذنوبه وانه ليشدد عليه عند الموت وما هو إلا بذنوبه حتى يقول من حضره لقد غم بالموت

My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim Majaylawiya narrated to us, from Muhammad Ibn Ali Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘O Mufazzal! Beware of the sins and caution our-asws Shias of it. By Allah-azwj! It is not except one of the quickest from it towards you, is his enduring of difficulties from the authorities, and what is that, except due to his own sins; and he is hit by the illness, and what is that except due to his own sins; and it is the withholding of the sustenance from him, and what is it except due to his own sins; and it is the difficulties during the death, and what is it except due to his own sins, to the extent that the ones present are saying, ‘He has been anguished by the death’.

فلما رأى ما قد دخلنى قال اتدرى لم ذاك يا مفضل؟ قال: قلت لاأدرى جعلت فداك قال ذاك والله انكم لا تؤاخذون بها في الآخرة وعجلت لكم في الدنيا.

So when he-asws saw what had entered into me (my mind), said: ‘Do you know why that is, O Mufazzal?’ I said, ‘I don’t know, may I be sacrificed for you!’ He-asws said: ‘That, by Allah-azwj, (is because) you all (Shias) would not be Seized for it in the Hereafter, and it (Punishment) has been Hastened to you all in the world’.[267]

حدثنا محمد القاسم المعروف بابى الحسن الجرجاني رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا احمد بن الحسن الحسينى، عن الحسن بن علي الناصر عن ابيه عن محمد ابن علي عن ابيه الرضا عن ابيه موسى بن جعفر عليهما السلام قال: قيل للصادق عليه السلام صف لنا الموت؟ قال: للمؤمن كأطيب ريح يشمه فينعس لطيبه وينقطع التعب والالم كله عنه، وللكافر كلسع الافاعى ولذع العقارب أو أشد،

Muhammad Al Qasim well known as Abu Al Hassan Al Jarjany narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Husayni, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Nasir, from his father,

(It has been narrated) from Muhammad-asws Ibn Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws father-asws Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws having said, ‘It was said to Al-Sadiq-asws, ‘Describe for us, the death?’ He-asws said: ‘For the Believer it is like an aromatic fragrance which he smells, so he dozes due to its aroma, and the exhaustion and the pains, all of them are cut off from him. And for the Infidel, it is like the stinging of the snakes and the scorpions, or more intense’.

قيل فان قوما يقولون انه أصعب من نشر بالمناشير وقرض بالمقاريض ورضخ بالاحجار وتدوير قطب الارحية في الاحداق، قال: كذلك هو على بعض الكافرين والفاجرين بالله عز وجل ألا ترون منهم من يعانى الشدائد فذلكم الذي هو أشد من هذا ألاان من عذاب الآخرة فانه أشد من عذاب الدنيا،

It was said, ‘But there are a people who are saying that it is more difficult than being sawed by the chainsaws, and being cut by the scissors, and being crushed by the stones, and being grinded by the rotation of the swivel upon the millstones’. He-asws said, ‘It is like that, upon some of the disbelievers in Allah-azwj and the immoral. Have you not seen among them one who is suffering from the adversities? So those ones would be in more torment from the Punishment of the Hereafter, for it is more intense than the punishment of the world’.

قيل فما بالنا نرى كافرا يسهل عليه النزاع فينطفى وهو يحدث ويضحك ويتكلم، وفي المؤمنين أيضا من يكون كذلك وفي المؤمنين والكافرين من يقاسى عند سكرات الموت هذه الشدائد فقال: ماكان من راحة للمؤمن هناك فهو عاجل ثوابه وما كان من شديدة فتمصيحه من ذنوبه ليرد الآخرة نقيا نظيفا مستحقا لثواب الابد لامانع له دونه

It was said, ‘So what is the matter than we see ease upon the Infidel, from the pangs of death, and he is discussing and laughing and speaking, and among the Believers as well, there are ones who are like that. And among the Believers and the Infidels are ones who suffer a great deal during the pangs of death, from these difficulties?’ So he-asws said: ‘Whatever was from the comfort for the Believers over here, so it is the hastening of his Rewards, and whatever was from the difficulties, so it is a cleansing from his sins, in order for him to return to the Hereafter clean and spotless, being deserving of the everlasting Rewards with no sins being upon him to prevent these from him.

وما كان من سهولة هناك على الكافر فليوف أجر حسناته في الدنيا ليرد الاخرة وليس له إلا ما يوجب عليه العذاب وما كان من شدة على الكافر هناك فهو إبتداء عذاب الله له بعد حسناته ذلكم بان الله عدل لايجور.

And whatever was from the ease over here upon the Infidel, so it is a fulfilment of a Recompense of his good deeds in the world, in order for him to be returned to the Hereafter, and there would be nothing for him except what Obligates the Punishment upon him. And whatever was from the difficulties upon the Infidel over here, so it is the beginning of the Punishment of Allah-azwj for him, after his good deeds. That is because Allah-azwj is Just, He-azwj is not Unjust’.[268]

وبهذا الاسناد قال: قيل للصادق عليه السلام اخبرنا عن الطاعون فقال عذاب لقوم ورحمة لآخرين، قالوا: وكيف تكون الرحمة عذابا؟ قال أما تعرفون ان نيران جهنم عذاب على الكافر وخزنة جهنم معهم فيها فهى رحمة عليهم.

And by this chain, said,

‘It was said to Al-Sadiq-asws, ‘Inform us about the plague’. So he-asws said: ‘It is a Punishment for a people and a Mercy for another (people)’. They said, ‘And how can the Mercy be a Punishment?’ He-asws said: ‘But are you not recognising that the Fires of Hell are a Punishment upon the Infidel, and Keepers of Hell are along with them therein, so it is a Mercy upon them’.[269]

(باب 236 – العلة التى من أجلها لا يجوز للحايض والجنب) (الحضور عند تلقين الميت)

Chapter 236 – The reason due to which it is not allowed for the menstruating (woman) and the sexually impure (man) to be present during the ‘Talqeen’ of the dead

حدثنا أبي رضى الله عنه باسناد متصل يرفعه إلى الصادق عليه السلام انه قال: لا تحضر الحايض والجنب عند التلقين، ان الملائكة تتأذى بهما.

My father narrated to us, by a consecutive chain,

(It has been asked) from Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The menstruating (woman) and the sexually impure (man) should not be present during the ‘Talqeen’, for the Angels are harmed by these two’.[270]

(237 – علة الريح بعد الروح، وعلة السلوة بعد المصيبة) (وعلة الدابة التى تقع في الطعام)

Chapter 237 – Reason for the (pungent) wind after the soul (departs), and reason for the comfort after the difficulties, and reason for the vermin (insects) which occur in the foodstuff

حدثنا أبي رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن ابيه عن محمد بن أبى عمير عن هشام بن سالم عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: ان الله تعالى تطول على عباده بثلاث: القى عليهم الريح بعد الروح ولولا ذلك ما دفن حميم حميما والقى عليهم السلوة بعد المصيبة ولولا ذلك لانقطع النسل، والقى عليه هذه الحبة الدابة ولولا ذلك لكنزتها ملوكهم كما يكنزون الذهب والفضة.

My father narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Allah-azwj the High Conferred a benefit upon His-azwj servants, by three – He-azwj Cast the (pungent) wind after the (departure) of the soul, and had it not been for that, a friend would not have buried a friend; and Cast upon them the comfort after the difficulties, and had it not been for that, the lineages would have been cut off; and Cast the vermin to be upon the grains, and had it not been for that, their kings would have hoarded them just as they are hoarding the gold and the silver’.[271]

حدثنا أبي رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا احمد بن ادريس قال: حدثنا أحمد ابن محمد بن عيسى عن علي بن الحكم عن أبى أيوب الخزاز عن ابى حمزة الثمالى قال: قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام ان الله عزوجل تطول على عبادة بالحبة فسلط عليها القملة ولولا ذلك لخزنتها الملوك كما يخزنون الذهب والفضة.

My father said, ‘Ahmad Bin Idrees narrated to us, from Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Abu Ayoub Al Khazaz, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Conferred a benefit upon the servant with the grains, so He-azwj Made the vermin to overcome it, and had it not been for that, the kings would have hoarded it just as they are hoarding the gold and the silver’.[272]

(باب 238 – العلة التى من أجلها يغسل الميت، والعلة التى) (من أجلها يغتسل الذى يغسله وعلة الصلاة عليه)

Chapter 238 – The reason due to which the dead body is washed, and the reason due to which the one who washes it has to wash (himself), and the reason for the Praying over it

ابى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا احمد بن ادريس قال: حدثنا محمد بن احمد بن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري قال: حدثنا حمدان بن سليمان، وحدثنا عبد الواحد بن محمد بن عبدوس النيسابوري العطار رضى الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن محمد بن قتيبة النيسابوري عن حمدان بن سليمان النيسابوري عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن هارون بن حمزة عن بعض أصحابنا عن علي بن الحسن عليهما السلام قال: ان المخلوق لا يموت حتى تخرج منه النطفة التى خلقه الله تعالى منها من فيه أو من غيره.

My father said, ‘Ahmad Bin Idrees said, ‘Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Imran Al Ashary, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman; and Abdul Wahid Bin Muhammad Bin Abdous Al Neysabouri Al Ataar narrated o us, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Quteyba Al neysabouri, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman Al Neysabouri, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazal, from Haroun Bin Hamza, from one of our companions,

Ali-asws Bin Al-Hassan-asws has said: ‘The creature does not die until there exits from him the seed which Allah-azwj the High Created him from, (either) from his mouth, or from other’.[273]

اخبرني علي بن حاتم قال: اخبرنا القاسم بن محمد قال: حدثنا ابراهيم ابن مخلد قال حدثنا ابراهيم بن محمد بن بشير عن محمد بن سنان عن ابى عبد الله القزويني قال: سألت ابا جعفر محمد بن علي عليهما السلام عن غسل الميت لاي علة يغسل ولاي علة يغتسل الغاسل؟ قال: يغسل الميت لانه جنب ولتلاقيه الملائكة وهو طاهر وكذلك الغاسل لتلاقيه المؤمنين.

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Ibrahim Ibn Makhlad, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Basheer, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abu Abdullah Al Qazwiny who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws about the washing of the dead body, for which reason is it to be washed, and for reason does the washer has to wash (himself)?’ He-asws said: ‘The dead body is washed because it is in a state of impurity and would be meeting the Angels, and he would be clean; and similar to that is the washer, he would be meeting the Believers’.[274]

أخبرنا ابى رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن أبى عبد الله عن محمد بن اسماعيل عن علي بن العباس قال: حدثنا القاسم بن ربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان ان أبا الحسن علي بن موسى الرضا عليه السلام كتب إليه في جواب مسائله علة غسل الميت انه يغسل لان يطهر وينظف من ادناس أمراضه وما أصابه من صنوف علله لانه يلقى الملائكة ويباشر أهل الآخرة فيستحب إذا ورد على الله عز وجل وأهل الطهارة ويماسونه ويماسهم ان يكون طاهرا نظيفا موجها به إلى الله عز وجل ليطلب وجهه وليشفع له،

My father informed us saying, ‘Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Bin Rabi’e Al Sahaf,

(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan, that Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws wrote to him in answer to his question about the reason for washing the dead body: ‘He (the dead) is washed because he has to be purified and cleaned from the diseases, and whatever had hit him from the types of illnesses, because he would be meeting the Angels and be received by the inhabitants of the Hereafter. Therefore it is recommended that when he Returns to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and the People-asws of the Purity, and he touches them-asws, and they touch him, he should happen to be clean and spotless, so that he can be faced towards Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic in order seek His-azwj Face (Forgiveness) and he can be interceded for.

وعلة اخرى انه يقال يخرج منه القذى الذي خلق منه فيكون غسله له، وعلة اخرى اغتسال من غسله أو لامسه لظاهر ما أصابه من نضح الميت، لان الميت إذا خرج الروح منه بقي اكثر آفته فلذلك يتطهر له ويطهر.

And the other reason is that the speck which he had been Created from, comes out from him, so the washing has to be done to him. And the other reason for the washing of the one who washed him (the dead body), or touches what is apparent, what hits him from the fluids of the body, because the dead, when the soul exits from it, most of his afflictions remain. Therefore, it is due to that, the one who purifies him, should purify (himself)’.[275]

وعنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن عمر بن ابى عمير قال: حدثنا محمد بن عمار البصري عن عباد بن صهيب عن جعفر بن محمد عن ابيه عليهما السلام انه سئل ما بال الميت يغسل؟ قال: للنطفة التى خلق منها يرمى بها.

And from him who said, Muhammad Bin Umar Bin Abu Umeyr narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Amaar Al Basry, from Abaad Bin Saheyb,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having been asked, ‘What is the matter of the dead to be washed?’ He-asws said: ‘Due to the seed which he had been Created from, being thrown out (at the time of death)’.[276]

حدثني االحسين بن احمد رحمه الله، عن ابيه قال: حدثنا احمد بن محمد ابن عيسى عن احمد بن محمد بن ابى نصر عن عبد الرحمن بن حماد قال: سألت أبا ابراهيم عليه السلام عن الميت لم يغسل غسل الجنابة؟ قال: ان الله تبارك وتعالى أعلا واخلص من ان يبعث اشياء بيده، ان لله تبارك وتعالى ملكين خلاقين فإذا أراد ان يخلق خلقا أمر أولئك الخلاقين فاخذوا من التربة التى قال الله عز وجل في كتابه (منها خلقناكم وفيها نعيدكم ومنها نخرجكم تارة أخرى)

Al Husayn Bin Ahmad narrated to me, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Isa, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Abdul Rahman Bin Hamaad who said,

‘I asked Abu Ibrahim-asws (7th Imam-asws), about the dead body, why it is to be washed with a major ablution (غسل الجنابة)?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High is Higher and Purer that He-azwj would Send things by His-azwj Hands. Allah-azwj Blessed and High has two creating Angels. So whenever He-azwj intends that He-azwj should Create a creature, Commands those two creating Angels, so they grab from the soil for which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Said in His-azwj Book [20:55] From it We Created you and into it We shall be Sending you back and from it will We Bring you out once again.

فعجنوها بالنطفة المسكنة في الرحم فإذا عجنت النطفة بالتربة قالا: يا رب ما نخلق؟ قال فيوحي الله تبارك وتعالى اليهما ما يريد من ذلك ذكرا أو أنثى مؤمنا أو كافرا أسود أو أبيض شقيقا أو سعيدا، فإذا مات سالت منه تلك النطفة بعينها لاغيرها، فمن ثم صار الميت يغسل غسل الجنابة.

So these two (creating Angels) knead it (the soil) with the seed which has settled in the womb. So when they have kneaded the seed with the soil, they both said: ‘O Lord-azwj! What shall we create?’ So Allah-azwj Blessed and High Revealed unto them both whatever He-azwj Intends from that – male or female, Believer or Infidel, black or white, wretched or happy. So when he dies, that seed flows away from him, that very one, not any other. Thus, from then, the dead becomes such that is requires the washing of the major ablution (غسل الجنابة)’.[277]

(باب 239 – العلة التى من أجلها إذا دفن الميت يجعل وجهه إلى القبلة)

Chapter 239 – The reason due to which when the dead is buried, its face is made to (face) the Qiblah

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن احمد بن ابى عبد الله عن ابيه عن حماد بن عيسى عن معاوية بن عمار عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: كان البراء بن معرور الانصاري بالمدينة، وكان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله بمكة، والمسلمون يصلون إلى بيت المقدس فأوصى إذا دفن ان يجعل وجهه إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فجرت فيه السنة ونزل به الكتاب.

My father said, Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from his father, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Muawiya Bin Amaar,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Al-Bara’a Bin Marour, the Helper was at Al-Medina, and Rasool-Allah-saww was at Makkah, and the Muslims were Praying (facing) towards Bayt Al-Maqdas. So when he died, he bequeathed that when he is buried, his face be turned to face towards Rasool-Allah-saww. So the Sunnah flowed with regards to it, and the Book was Revealed with regards to it’.[278]

(باب 240 – العلة التى من أجلها ينبغى لاولياء الميت ان يؤذنوا الاخوان)

Chapter 240 – The reason due to which it befits the guardians of the dead (person) to announce it among the brethren

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر عن أحمد بن محمد، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن ابى ولاد، وابن سنان جميعا، عن أبى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: ينبغى لاولياء الميت ان يؤذنوا اخوان الميت بموته فيشهدون جنازته ويصلون عليه فيكسب لهم الاجر ويكسب لميته الاستغفار ويكسب هو الاجر فيهم وفيما اكتسبه لميته من الاستغفار.

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Abu Walaad, and Ibn Sinan together,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘It is befitting for the guardians of the dead (person) to announce it among the brethren of the dead (person) of his death, so they would be witnessing his funeral and be Praying over him. Thus, they would be attaining the Recompense for themselves and attaining the Forgiveness for the dead (person), and he (the announcer) would attain the Recompense among them and with regards to what Forgiveness has been attained by the dead (person)’.[279]

(باب 241 – العلة التى من أجلها يستحب تجويد الاكفان)

Chapter 241 – The reason due to which it is recommended to (use) better shrouds

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا احمد بن إدريس قال: حدثنا محمد بن احمد عن احمد بن محمد، عن بعض أصحابنا يرفعه إلى أبى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: أجيدوا اكفان موتاكم فانها زينتهم.

My father said, ‘Ahmad Bin Idrees narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from one of our companions,

It has been narrated from Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘(Use) better shrouds for your dead ones, for these are an adornment for them’.[280]

وعنه، عن احمد بن ادريس قال: حدثنى احمد بن محمد بن علي بن الحكم عن يونس بن يعقوب، عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: اوصاني ابي بكفنه فقال لي يا جعفر اشتر لي بردا وجوده، فان الموتى يتباهون باكفانهم. 

And from him, from Ahmad Bin Idrees who said, ‘Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Hakam narrated to me, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘My-asws father-asws bequeathed to me-asws of his-asws shroud, so he-asws said to me-asws: ‘O Ja’far-asws! Buy for me-asws one of good quality, for the dead would be showing off with their shrouds’.[281]

(باب 243 – العلة التى من أجلها يجعل للميت الجريدة)

Chapter 243 – The reason due to which the branch is made to be for the dead

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن يعقوب بن يزيد عن حماد بن عيسى عن حريز عن زرارة عن أبى جعفر عليه السلام قال: قلت له أرأيت الميت اذا مات لم تجعل معه الجريدة؟ قال تجافي عنه العذاب والحساب مادام العود رطبا انما الحساب والعذاب كله في يوم واحد وفي ساعه واحدة قدر ما يدخل القبر ويرجع الناس عنه، فانما جعل السعفتان لذلك، ولاعذاب ولاحساب بعد جفوفهما ان شاء الله.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zarara,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘What is your-asws view about the dead when he dies, and the branch is not made to be with him?’ He-asws said: ‘(Both these branches) would defy the Punishment and the Reckoning for as long as the sticks are wet. But rather, the Reckoning and the Punishment, all of it is in one day, and in one time, in a measurement of what enters the grave and the people return from him. But rather, the two palms (branches) are made to be for that, and there would neither be a Punishment, nor a Reckoning after they both having dried out, Allah-azwj Willing’.[282] 

(باب 244 – العلة التى من أجلها يكبر على الميت خمس تكبيرات)

Chapter 244 – The reason due to which one exclaims fives exclamations (of Greatness of Allah-azwj) upon the dead

أبى رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا احمد بن محمد عن علي بن الحكم عن عثمان بن عبد الملك عن ابى بكر الحضرمي عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: يا أبا بكر أتدرى كم الصلاة على الميت؟ قلت: لا، قال: خمس تكبيرات ثم قال أفتدرى من أين اخذت؟ قلت: لا، قال: أخذت الخمس من الخمس صلوات من كل صلاة تكبيرة.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Hakam, from usman Bin Abdul Malik, from Abu Bakr Al Hazramy,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘O Abu Bakr! Do you know how many Prayers are to be upon the dead?’ I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘Five exclamations’. Then he-asws said: ‘So, do you know from where I-asws have taken?’ I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘I-asws have taken the five from the five Prayers, from every Prayer, one exclamation’.[283]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن الفضل ابن عامر عن موسى بن القاسم عن سليمان بن جعفر عن ابيه عن ابى عبد الله عليه السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ان الله فرض الصلاة خمسا وجعل للميت من كل صلاة تكبيرة.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Fazal Ibn Aamir, from Musa Bin Al Qasim, from Suleyman Bin Ja’far, from his father,

Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Obligated the five Prayers and Made one exclamation to be from each Prayer’.[284]

أخبرني علي بن حاتم قال حدثنا علي بن محمد قال: حدثنا العباس بن محمد عن ابيه عن ابن ابى عمير عن محمد بن المهاجر، عن أمه أم سلمة، قالت: خرجت إلى مكة فصحبتي إمرأة من المرجئة فلما أتينا الربذة أحرم الناس وأحرمت معهم فاخرت احرامي إلى العقيق فقالت يا معشر الشيعة تخالفون في كل شئ يحرم الناس من الربذة وتحرمون من العقيق وكذلك تخالفون في الصلاة على الميت يكبر الناس أربعا وتكبرون خمسا وهى تشهد على ان التكبير على الميت أربع

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Al Abbas Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muhammad Bin Al Muhajir, from his mother Umm Salma who said,

‘I went out to Makkah and I was accompanied by a woman from the Murjiites. So when we came to Al-Rabza, the people wore their Ihraam, and she wore her Ihraam along with them, but I delayed my Ihraam up to Al-Aqeeq. So she said, ‘O group of Shias! You are differing in everything. The people wore their Ihraam from Al-Rabza and you are wearing Ihraam from Al-Aqeeq, and similar to that you are differing in the Prayer upon the dead. The people exclaim four Takbeers and you are exclaiming five’. And she testified that the exclamations upon the dead are four.

قال: فدخلت على ابى عبد الله عليه السلام فقلت له أصلحك الله صحبتني امرأة من المرجئة فقالت كذا وكذا فاخبرته بمقالتها فقال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله إذا صلى على الميت كبر فتشهد ثم كبر فصلى على النبي ودعا ثم كبر واستغفر للمؤمنين والمؤمنات ثم كبر فدعا للميت ثم كبر وينصرف

He (the narrator) said, ‘She went to Abu Abdullah-asws, so she said, to him-asws, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! A woman from the Murjiites accompanied me, so she said such and such’ – and she informed him-asws of her speech. So Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Whenever Rasool-Allah-saww Prayed upon the dead, exclaimed, and he-saww testified, then exclaimed. So he-saww sent ‘Salawaat’ upon the Prophet-saww and supplicated, then exclaimed; and sought Forgiveness for the Believing men and the Believing women, then exclaimed; so he-saww supplicated for the dead, then exclaimed; and he-saww left.

فلما نهاه الله تعالى عن الصلاة على المنافقين كبر وتشهد ثم كبر فصلى على النبي ثم كبر فدعا للمؤمنين والمؤمنات ثم كبر الرابعة وانصرف ولم يدع للميت.

So when Allah-azwj the High Forbade from the Prayer upon the hypocrites, he-saww exclaimed, then sent ‘Salawaat’ upon the Prophet-saww, then exclaimed; so he-saww supplicated for the Believing men and the Believing women, then exclaimed the fourth, then left, and did not supplicate for the dead (because he was a hypocrite)’.[285]

(باب 245 – العلة التى من أجلها يكبر المخالفون على الميت أربعا)

Chapter 245 – The reason due to which the adversaries exclaim upon the dead, four (Takbeers)

حدثنا علي بن احمد قال: حدثنا محمد بن ابى عبد الله، عن موسى بن عمران عن عمه الحسين بن يزيد عن علي بن ابى حمزة عن ابى بصير قال قلت لابي عبد الله ” ع ” لاى علة يكبر على الميت خمس تكبيرات ويكبر مخالفونا باربع تكبيرات قال لان الدعائم التى بنى عليها الاسلام خمس الصلاة والزكاة والصوم والحج والولاية لنا أهل البيت فجعل الله عز وجل للميت من كل دعامة تكبيرة وانكم أقررتم بالخمس كلها واقر مخالفوكم باربع وانكروا واحدة فمن ذاك يكبرون على موتاهم أربع تكبيرات وتكبرون خمسا.

Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhmamad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Musa Bin Imran, from his uncle Al Husayn Bin Yazeed, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘For which reason do we exclaim with five Takbeers upon the dead and our adversaries are exclaiming with four Takbeers?’ He-asws said: ‘Because the foundational pillars upon which Al-Islam is based are five – The Salat (Prayer), and the Zakat, and the Soam (Fast), and the Hajj, and the Wilayah for us-asws, the People-asws of the Household. Therefore, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made for the dead, from each pillar, one exclamation. And you all (Shias) are reciting with all the five, and your adversaries are reciting with four and denying one. Thus, from that, they are exclaiming upon their dead ones, four exclamations, and you are exclaiming five’.[286]

أبى رحمه الله قال حدثنا على بن ابراهيم عن ابيه عن ابن ابى عمير عن هشام بن سالم، عن ابى عبد الله ” ع ” قال: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يكبر على قوم خمسا وعلى قوم أربعا فإذا يكبر على رجل أربعا أتهم الرجل.

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww used to exclaim five upon a people, and four upon a people. So whenever he-saww exclaimed four upon a man, the man (was considered to be) denounced’.[287]

محمد بن علي ماجيلويه عن محمد بن يحيى العطار عن جعفر بن محمد بن مالك قال: حدثنا احمد بن هيثم عن علي بن خطاب الخلال عن ابراهيم بن محمد ابن حمران قال: خرجنا إلى مكة فدخلنا على ابى عبد الله ” ع ” فذكر الصلاة على الجنايز فقال كان يعرف المؤمن والمنافق بتكبير رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله على المؤمن خمسا وعلى المنافق أربعا.

(It has been narrated from) Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Malik, from Ahmad Bin Haysam, from Ali Bin Khatab Al Khalal, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Ibn Hamran who said,

‘We went out to Makkah, so we went over to Abu Abdullah-asws. So the Prayer upon the funeral was mentioned, so he-asws said: ‘The Believer and the hypocrites used to be recognised by the exclamations of Rasool-Allah-saww – five upon the Believer, and four upon the hypocrite’.[288]

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن محمد بن عيسى عمن ذكره قال: قال الرضا ” ع ” ما العلة في التكبيرة على الميت خمس تكبيرات؟ قلت رووا انها قد اشتقت من خمس صلوات فقال هذا ظاهر الحديث فاما باطنه فان الله عز وجل فرض على العباد خمس فرائض الصلاة والزكاة والصيام والحج والولاية فجعل للميت من كل فريضه تكبيرة واحدة فمن قبل الولاية كبر خمسا ومن لم يقبل الولاية كبر أربعا فمن أجل ذلك تكبرون خمسا ومن خالفكم يكبر أربعا.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from the one who mentioned it who said,

‘Al-Reza-asws said: What is the reason with regards to the exclamation upon the dead with five exclamations?’ I said, ‘It is reported that it has been derived from the five Prayers’. So he-asws said: ‘This is the apparent Hadeeth. As for its esoteric, so Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Obligated upon the servants with five Obligations – The Salat (Prayer), and the Zakat, and the Soam (Fasts), and the Hajj, and the Wilayah, So He-azwj Made one exclamation to be for the dead, from each of the Obligations. Thus, the one who accepted the Wilayah would exclaim five, and the one who does not accept the Wilayah would exclaim four. Therefore, it is due to that, that you are exclaiming five, and the ones from your adversaries are exclaiming four’.[289]

(باب 246 – العلة التى من أجلها يكره المشى امام جنازة المخالف)

Chapter 246 – The reason due to which it is disliked to walk in front of the funeral of the adversary

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا عمى محمد بن ابى القاسم عن احمد بن ابى عبد الله عن وهب عن علي بن ابى حمزة قال سألت أبا عبد الله ” ع ” كيف اصنع إذا خرجت مع الجنازة امشى أمامها أو خالفها أو عن يمينها أو عن شمالها؟ قال ان كان مخالفا فلا تمش امامه فان ملائكة العذاب يستقبلونه بالوان العذاب.

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Wahab, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘How should we act when we go out with a funeral pyre, walk in front of it, or behind it, or on its right or on its left?’ He-asws said: ‘If he was an adversary, so do not walk in front of it, for the Angels of the Punishment are receiving him with varieties of the Punishment’.[290]

(باب 247 – العلة التى من أجلها نهى عن حثو التراب) (في قبور ذوى الارحام)

Chapter 247 – The reason due to which it is forbidden for the relatives to put the soil in the grave

أخبرني علي بن حاتم قال حدثنا ابو الفضل العباس بن محمد بن القاسم العلوي قال، حدثنا الحسن بن سهل عن محمد بن سهل عن محمد بن حاتم عن يعقوب ابن يزيد قال: حدثني علي بن اسباط عن عبيد بن زرارة قال: مات لبعض اصحاب أبي عبد الله (ع) ولد فحضر أبو عبد الله جنازته فلما الحد تقدم أبوه ليطرح عليه التراب فأخذ أبو عبد الله (ع) بكتفه وقال: لا تطرح عليه من التراب، ومن كان منه ذا رحم فلا يطرح عليه التراب فقلنا: يابن رسول الله أتنهى عن هذا وحده؟ فقال: أنهاكم ان تطرحوا التراب على ذوي الارحام فان ذلك يورث القسوة في القلب، ومن قسا قبله بعد من ربه عز وجل.

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Abu Al Fazal Al Abbas Bin Muhammad Bin Al Qasim Al Alawy, from Al Hassan Bin Sahl, from Muhammad Bin Sahl, from Muhammad Bin Hatim, from Yaqoub Ibn Yazeed, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Ubeyd Bin Zarara who said,

‘A child of one of the companions of Abu Abdullah-asws died, so Abu Abdullah-asws was present at his funeral. So when his body was placed in the grave, his father moved forward to place the soil upon him. So Abu Abdullah-asws grabbed his shoulder and said: ‘Do not lay the soil upon him, and the ones who were his relatives (also) should not place the soil upon him’. So we said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Are you-asws forbidding from this one alone?’ So he-asws said: ‘I-asws am forbidding you all to place the soil upon the relatives, for that inherits the hardness in the heart; and the one who is hard of heart is remote from his Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[291]

(باب 248 – العلة التي من أجلها يربع القبر)

Chapter 248 – The reason due to which the grave is four sided

اخبرنا علي بن حاتم قال: اخبرنا القاسم بن محمد قال حدثنا حمدان بن الحسين، عن الحسين بن الوليد، عمن ذكره عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: قلت لاي علة يربع القبر؟ قال: لعلة البيت لانه ترك مربعا.

Ali Bin Hatim informed us, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from the one who mentioned it,

(The narrator says), ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘For which reason is the grave four sided?’ He-asws said: ‘For the reason that the house he has left, is four sided’.[292]

(باب 249 – العلة التي من أجلها يكره دخول القبر بالحذاء)

Chapter 249 – The reason due to which it is abhorrent to enter into the graves with the shoes

أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن محمد بن عيسى عن ابن أبي عمير عن علي بن يقطين قال: سمعت أبا الحسن الاول (ع) لا تنزل في القبر وعليك العمامة ولا القلنسوة ولا الحذاء ولا الطيلسان وحل ازررارك فذلك سنة من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله، قلت: فالخف؟ قال: لا أرى به بأسا، قلت لم يكره الحذاء؟ قال: مخافة أن يعثر برجيله فيهدم.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ali Bin Yaqteen who said,

‘I heard Abu Al-Hassan-asws The First (saying: ‘Do not descend into the grave and upon you is the turban, nor the hat, nor the shoes, nor the mantle, and loosen your trouser, so that is a Sunnah from Rasool-Allah-saww’. I said, ‘So what about the socks?’ He-asws said: ‘I-asws do not see a problem with it’. I said, ‘Why are the shoes disliked?’ He-asws said: ‘Fear that he would stumble by his feet and fall’.[293]

(باب 250 – العلة التي من أجلها إذا إجتمع الميت والجنب) (يغتسل الجنب ويترك الميت)

Chapter 250 – The reason due to which if the (washing for) the dead and for the sexual impurity gather together, one should wash for the sexual impurity and leave the dead

حدثنا الحسين بن أحمد رحمه الله، عن أبيه، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن الحسن بن النضر قال: سألت أبا الحسن الرضا (ع) عن القوم يكونون في السفر فيموت منهم ميت ومعهم جنب ومعهم ماء قليل قدر ما يكفى أحدهما أيهم يبدأ به؟ قال يغتسل الجنب ويترك الميت لان هذا فريضة وهذا سنة.

Al Al Husayn Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Al Nazar who said,

‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws about the people who happen to be in the journey, so someone from among them dies, and with them is one with sexual impurity, and with them is little water to the measurement of what would suffice one of them. Which of them should they begin with?’ He-asws said: ‘The one with the sexual impurity should wash, and leave the dead, because this is an Obligation, and this is Sunnah’.[294]

(باب 251 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يفاجأ بالميت القبر)

Chapter 251 – The reason due to which the dead should not be brought to the grave without pausing

أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن محمد بن الحسين عن محمد بن سنان عن محمد بن عجلان عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: إذا جئت باخيك إلى القبر فلا تفدحه به، ضعه أسفل من القبر بذراعين أو ثلاثة حتى يأخذ لذلك أهبته ثم ضعه في لحده وان استطعت ان تلصق خده بالارض وتحسر عن خده فافعل

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Muhammad Bin Ajlan,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘When you come with your (dead) brother to the grave do not dump him like a burden. Place him at the bottom of the grave by two cubits or three until due to that he prepares himself for it. Then place him in his grave. And if you are able to stick his cheek upon the earth and sigh upon his cheek, so do it.

وليكن أولى الناس به مما يلى رأسه وليتعوذ بالله من الشيطان وليقرأ (فاتحة الكتاب) (والمعوذتين) (وقل هو الله أحد) (وآية الكرسي) ثم ليقل ما يعلم حتى ينتهى إلى صاحبه.

So let the closest of the people from his head seek Refuge from the Satan-la, and let him recite (Surah Al-Fatiha – Chapter 1), and (Surah Al-Naas and Surah Al-Falaq (Chapters 114 & 113), and Surah Al-Ikhlaas (Chapter 112), and Ayat Al-Kursy (Chapter 2:255). Then he should say whatever he knows until ends up to his companions’.[295]

وروي في حديث آخر: إذا أتيت بالميت القبر فلا تفدح به القبر فان للقبر أهوالا عظيمة وتعوذ من هول المطلع، ولكن ضعه قرب شفير القبر واصبر عليه هنيئة ثم قدمه قليلا واصبر عليه ليأخذ أهبته ثم قدمه إلى شفير القبر.

And it has been reported in another Hadeeth, (he-asws having) said: ‘When you come with the dead to the grave, so do not dump him in the grave, for the grave is a grievous horror, and you should seek Refuge from the emerging horrors. But, place him near the pit of the grave and be patient over him, welcoming. Then move him forward a little and be patient over him, for him to prepare for it. Then move him forward to the pit of the grave’.[296]

(باب 253 – العلة التي من أجلها تدمع عين الميت عند موته)

Chapter 253 – The reason due to which the eye of the dead is tearful during his death

أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن إبراهيم بن مهزيار عن أخيه علي بن مهزيار عن فضالة بن أيوب عن معاوية بن وهب عن يحيى بن سابور قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام يقول: الميت تدمع عينه عند الموت، فقال ذلك عند معاينة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يرى ما يسره، قال، ثم قال: ترى الرجل يرى ما يسره فتدمع عينه ويضحك.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his brother Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Muawiya Bin Wahab, from Yahya Bin Sabour who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The dead, his eyes sheds tears during his death. That is during his seeing Rasool-Allah-saww is what cheers him up’. Then he-asws said: ‘You have seen the man when he sees what cheers him up, so his eyes fill up with tears and he laughs’.[297]

(باب 254 – العلة التي من أجلها ينبغي لصاحب المصيبة ان يلبس الرداء)

Chapter 254 – The reason due to which it is befitting for the owner of the difficulty (the bereaved) that he should (not) wear the robe

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن سعدان بن مسلم، عن علي بن أبي حمزة عن أبي عبد الله أو عن أبي بصير عن أبي عبد الله قال: ينبغي لصاحب المصيبة أن لا يلبس الرداء وأن يكون في قميص حتى يعرف وينبغي لجيرانه أن يطمعوا عنه ثلاثة أيام.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Sa’dan Bin Muslim, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, or from Abu Baseer, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘It is befitting for the bereaved (grieving) that he should not wear the robe and be in a shirt until he is recognised (to be as such), and it is befitting for his neighbours that they should feed him for three days’.[298]

وروي عن الصادق عليه السلام انه قال: ملعون من وضع رداءه في مصيبة غيره.

And it has been reported,

(Imam) Al-Sadiq-asws has said: ‘Accursed is the one who places his robe in the difficulties of others’.[299]

(باب 255 – العلة التي من أجلها يرش الماء على القبر)

Chapter 255 – The reason due to which the water is sprinkled upon the grave

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادي عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله البرقي، عن أبيه، عن ابن أبي عمير عن بعض اصحابه قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن رش الماء على القبر قال: يتجافى عنه العذاب مادام الندا في التراب.

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of his companions who said,

‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about sprinkling the water upon the grave. He-asws said: ‘The Punishment is defied from him for as long as the wetness is in the soil’.[300]

حدثنا الحسين بن احمد، عن أبيه، عن أحمد بن محمد عن بكر بن صالح عن الحسين بن علي الرافقي عن جعفر بن محمد عن أبيه عليهما السلام ان قبر النبي صلى الله عليه وآله رفع شبرا من الارض، وان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله أمر برش القبور.

Al Husayn Bin Ahmad, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Al Husayn Bin Ali Al Rafiqy,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘The grave of the Prophet-saww was raised by a palms width from the ground, and that the Prophet-saww ordered for the sprinkling (of the water) upon the graves’.[301]

(باب 257 – العلة التي من أجلها يستحب أن يتخلف عند قبر الميت) (أولى الناس به بعد إنصراف الناس عنه ويلقنه ويرفع صوته)

Chapter 257 – The reason due to which it is recommended the one closest of the people should be left behind at the grave of the dead, after the dispersal of the people from him, and he should recite Talqeen in a raised voice

أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم، عن أبيه عن بعض أصحابنا عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: ينبغي أن يتخلف عند قبر الميت اولى الناس به بعد انصراف الناس عنه ويقبض على التراب بكفيه ويلقنه ويرفع صوته فإذا فعل ذلك كفى الميت المسألة في قبره.

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from one of our companions,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘It is befitting that he should remain behind at the grave, the one closest of the people to him after the dispersal of the people from him, and he should grab the soil with his palm and recite Talqeen in a raised voice. So when he does that, it would suffice for the dead, the questioning in his grave’.[302]

(باب 258 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يجمر الاكفان ولا يمس الموتى بالطيب)

Chapter 258 – The reason due to which the incense is not to be burnt upon the shrouds, nor is the perfume to be applied upon the dead

أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد عن القاسم بن يحيى عن جده الحسين بن راشد عن أبي بصير عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: حدثني أبي عن جده عن آبائه عليهم السلام ان أمير المؤمنين (ع) قال: لا تجمروا الاكفان ولا تمسحوا أمواتكم بالطيب إلا الكافور فان الميت بمنزلة المحرم.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from his grandfather Al Husayn Bin Rashid, from Abu Baseer,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘My-asws father-asws narrated to me-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws that Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Do not burn incense upon the shrouds nor wipe your dead ones with the perfume except for the camphor, for the dead are at the status of the one in Ihraam’.[303]

(باب 259 – العلة التي من أجلها يولد الانسان في أرض ويموت في أخرى)

Chapter 259 – The reason due to which the human being is born in a land and he dies in another (land)

أخبرني علي بن حاتم قال: أخبرني القاسم بن محمد قال: حدثني حمدان قال حدثني ابراهيم بن مخلد عن احمد بن ابراهيم، عن محمد بن بشير، عن محمد بن سنان عن أبي عبد الله القزويني قال: سألت أبا جعفر محمد بن علي (ع) فقلت لاي علة يولد الانسان هاهنا ويموت في موضع آخر؟ قال: لان الله تبارك وتعالى لما خلق خلقه خلقهم من أديم الارض فمرجع كل إنسان إلى تربته.

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan, from Ibrahim Bin Makhlad, from Ahmad Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Basheer, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abu Abdullah Al Qazwiny who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, so I said, ‘For which reason is the human being born over here and he dies in another place?’ He-asws said: ‘Because Allah-azwj Blessed and High, when He-azwj Created His-azwj creatures, Created them from the crust of the earth. Thus, every human being would return to his soil’.[304]

(باب 260 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يكتم موت المؤمن)

Chapter 260 – The reason due to which the (news of the) death of the Believer is not to be concealed

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادي عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله عن ابن محبوب عن عبد الرحمان بن سيابة قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله (ع) يقول: لا تكتموا موت ميت من المؤمنين مات في غيبته لتعتد زوجته ويقسم ميراثه.

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated from us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdul Rahman Bin Sayaba who said,

‘I head Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Do not conceal the death of a dead one from the Believers who died in his absence, in order for his wife to undergo the waiting period and his inheritance to be distributed’.[305]

(باب 261 – العلة التي من أجلها يجد الانسان للروح إذا) (خرجت منه مسا. ولا يجد ذلك إذا ركبت فيه)

Chapter 261 – The reason due to which the human being finds the feeling for the soul when it exits from him, and does not find that when it resides in him

أخبرني علي بن حاتم قال: أخبرنا القاسم بن محمد قال: حدثنا حمدان ابن الحسين، عن الحسين بن الوليد، عن عمران بن الحجاج، عن عبد الرحمن عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: قلت لاي علة إذا خرج الروح من الجسد وجد له مسا وحيث ركبت لم يعلم به؟ قال: لانه؟ نما؟ عليه البدن.

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Ibn Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from Imran Bin Al Hajajj, from Abdul Rahman,

Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘ when I asked, ‘For which reason, when the soul comes out from the body, a feeling is found for it, and when it is inside, he does not even know of it?’ He-asws said: ‘Because the body grew upon it’.[306]

(باب 262 – العلة التي من أجلها يكون عذاب القبر)

Chapter 262 – The reason for the occurrence of the Punishment of the grave

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن السندي بن محمد عن صفوان بن يحيى عن صفوان بن مهران بن الحسن عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: اقعد رجل من الاحبار في قبره فقيل له إنا جالدوك مائة جلدة من عذاب الله فقال لا اطيقها فلم يفعلوا حتى انتهوا إلى جلده واحدة فقالوا ليس منها بد قال فيما تجلدونيها قالوا نجلدك لانك صليت يوما بغير وضوء ومررت على ضعيف فلم تنصره، قال: فجلدوه جلدة من عذاب الله تعالى فامتلى قبره نارا.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Safwan Bin Mahran Bin Al Hassan,

Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘A man from the priests was made to sit in his grave, so it was said to him: ‘I will whip you with one hundred lashes from the Punishment of Allah-azwj’. So he said, ‘I cannot bear it’. So they did not do it until they ended up to one lash of the whip. So they said, ‘There is no escape from it’. He said, ‘With regards to what are you going to be whipping me?’ They said, ‘We are whipping you because you Prayed one day without ablution, and you passed by a weak one but did not help him’. He-asws said: ‘So they whipped him with one lash from the Punishment of Allah-azwj the High, and his grave filled up with the fire’.[307]

أخبرني علي بن حاتم قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد الهمداني قال أخبرني المنذر بن محمد قراءة قال: حدثني الحسين بن محمد قال: حدثنا علي بن القاسم عن أبي خالد عن زيد بن علي عن أبيه عن جده عن علي (ع) قال: عذاب القبر يكون من النميمة، والبول، وعزب الرجل عن أهله.

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Hamdany, from Al Manzar Bin Muhammad Qarat, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Qasim, from Abu Khalid, from Zayd Bin Ali, from his father, from his grandfather,

(Imam) Ali-asws has said: ‘Punishment of the grave occur from the slandering, and the urine (impurity), and the melting (hiding away) of the man from his family’.[308]

أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم بن هاشم، عن أبيه عن الحسين بن يزيد النوفلي عن إسماعيل بن مسلم السكوني، عن الصادق جعفر بن محمد، عن أبيه، عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ضغطة القبر للمؤمن كفارة ة لما كان منه من تضييع النعم.

My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim narrated to us, from his father, from Al Husayn Bin Yazeed Al Nowfaly, from Ismail Bin Muslim Al Sakuny,

(It has been narrated) from Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Squeezing of the grave for the Believer is an expiation of what was from him, from the wasting of the Bounties’.[309]

حدثنا أبو الحسن علي بن الحسين بن سفيان بن يعقوب بن الحارث ابن إبراهيم الهمداني في منزله بالكوفة قال: حدثنا أبو عبد الله جعفر بن أحمد ابن يوسف الازدي قال: حدثنا علي بن نوح الحناط قال: حدثنا عمرو بن اليسع عن عبد الله بن سنان عن أبي عبد الله الصادق جعفر بن محمد (ع) قال: أتى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فقيل ان سعد بن معاذ قد مات فقام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وقام اصحابه فحمل فأمر فغسل على عضادة الباب فلما أن حنط وكفن وحمل على سريره تبعه رسول الله ثم كان يأخذ يمنه السرير مرة ويسرة السرير مرة حتى انتهى به إلى القبر

Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Sufyan Bin Yaqoub Bin Al Haris Ibn Ibrahim Al Hamdany narrated to us in his house at Al Kufa, from Abu Abdullah Ja’far Bin Ahmad Ibn Yusuf Al Azdy, from Ali Bin Nuh Al Hanaat, from Amro Bin Al Yas’a, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,

Abu Abdullah Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws has said: ‘Someone came to Rasool-Allah-azwj and said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Muaz has died’. So Rasool-Allah-saww arose and his-saww companions arose. So he-saww (participated) in carrying him, and ordered for him to be washed him upon the door post. So when he had been embalmed and shrouded and carried upon his coffin, Rasool-Allah-azwj followed him. Then he-saww was taking to be at the right of the coffin, and sometimes being at the left of it, until they ended up with him to the grave.

فنزل به رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله حتى لحده وسوى عليه اللبن وجعل يقول: ناولنى حجرا ناولنى ترابا رطبا يسد به مابين اللبن فلما ان فرغ وحثا التراب عليه وسوى قبره قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله إنى لاعلم انه سيبلى ويصل إليه البلى ولكن الله تعالى يحب عبدا إذا عمل عملا فاحكمه،

So Rasool-Allah-saww descended with him until he was placed in it, and the rocks were levelled upon him, and he-saww went on saying: ‘Give me stones! Give me-saww wet soil to fill in the gaps with what is between the rocks’. So when he-saww was free from placing the soil upon him and levelling his grave, Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww know that he would be afflicted and the afflictions would arrive to him, but Allah-azwj the High Loves a servant when he does a deed, so He-azwj would Judge him’.

فلما ان سوى التربة عليه قالت أم سعد من جانب هنيئا لك الجنة فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يا أم سعد مه لا تجزمى على ربك فان سعدا قد اصابته ضمة

So when he-saww had evened the soil upon him, the mother of Sa’ad said from the side, ‘Congratulations to you of the Paradise!’ So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O mother of Sa’ad! Shh! Do not assume (anything) to your Lord-azwj, for Sa’ad has been hit by a squeezing’.

قال ورجع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ورجع الناس فقالوا يا رسول الاله لقد رأيناك صنعت على سعد ما لم تصنعه على أحد انك تبعت جنازته بلا رداء ولا حذاء فقال صلى الله عليه وآله: ان الملائكة كانت بلا حذاء ولا رداء فتأسيت بهما

He-asws said: ‘So when Rasool-Allah-saww returned, and the people returned, so they said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Indeed, we have seen you-saww do upon Sa’ad what you did not do upon anyone else. You-saww followed his coffin with neither a robe nor shoes’. So he-saww said: ‘The Angels were without shoes and robes, therefore I-saww did the same as them regarding these two things’.

قالوا وكنت تأخذ يمنة السرير مرة ويسرة السرير مرة قال: كانت يدي في يد جبرئيل آخذ حيث ما أخذ

They said, ‘And you-saww were taking to the right of the coffin sometimes, and sometimes to the left of it?’ He-saww said: ‘My-saww hand was in the hand of Jibraeel-as. I-saww took to wherever he-as took me-saww’.

فقالوا أمرت بغسله وصليت على جنازته ولحدته ثم قلت ان سعدا قد اصابته ضمة قال: فقال صلى الله عليه وآله نعم انه كان في خلقه مع أهله سوء.

So they said, ‘You-saww ordered for washing him, and Prayed upon his body, and placed him in his grave, then you-saww said: ‘Sa’ad had been hit by a squeezing’?’ So he-saww said: ‘Yes. He used to behave badly with his family’.[310]

تم الجزء الاول ويتلوه الجزء الثاني إن شاء الله وصلى الله على سيدنا وشفيعنا محمد وآله الطاهرين

The first volume is complete and would be followed by its second volume, Allah-azwj Willing. And Blessings be upon our Master and our Intercessor Muhammad-saww, and his-saww Purified Progeny-asws


[1] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 101 H 1

[2] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 101 H 2

[3] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 102 H 1

[4] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 103 H 1

[5] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 104 H 1

[6] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 105 H 1

[7] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 105 H 2

[8] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 105 H 3

[9] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 105 H 4

[10] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 105 H 8

[11] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 106 H 1

[12] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 106 H 2

[13] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 106 H 3

[14] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 107 H 1

[15] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 107 H 2

[16] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 108 H 1

[17] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 110 H 1

[18] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 111 H 1

[19] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 112 H 1

[20] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 112 H 2

[21] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 113 H 1

[22] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 114 H 1

[23] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 115 H 1

[24] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 115 H 2

[25] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 116 H 1

[26] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 116 H 2

[27] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 116 H 4

[28] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 116 H 5

[29] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 116 H 7

[30] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 116 H 8

[31] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 116 H 9

[32] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 117 H 1

[33] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 117 H 2

[34] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 117 H 3

[35] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 118 H 1

[36] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 119 H 1

[37] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 1

[38] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 2

[39] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 3

[40] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 5

[41] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 6

[42] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 7

[43] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 9

[44] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 10

[45] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 11

[46] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 120 H 12

[47] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 121 H 2

[48] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 121 H 3

[49] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 1

[50] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 2

[51] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 3

[52] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 4

[53] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 5

[54] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 6

[55] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 7

[56] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 8

[57] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 9

[58] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 10

[59] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 11

[60] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 12

[61] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 14

[62] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 123 H 1

[63] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 123 H 2

[64] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 124 H 1

[65] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 124 H 2

[66] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 124 H 3

[67] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 125 H 3

[68] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 125 H 4 (Extract)

[69] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 126 H 1

[70] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 127 H 1

[71] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 127 H 2

[72] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 127 H 3

[73] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 128 H 1

[74] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 128 H 3

[75] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 129 H 1

[76] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 129 H 2

[77] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 129 H 3

[78] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 129 H 4

[79] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 130 H 1

[80] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 130 H 3

[81] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 130 H 4

[82] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 130 H 5

[83] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 130 H 6

[84] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 131 H 1

[85] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 131 H 2

[86] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 131 H 3

[87] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 133 H 1

[88] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 133 H 2

[89] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 134 H 1

[90] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 135 H 1

[91] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 136 H 1

[92] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 136 H 2

[93] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 137 H 1

[94] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 138 H 1

[95] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 139 H 1

[96] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 140 H 1

[97] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 141 H 1

[98] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 141 H 2

[99] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 142 H 2

[100] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 142 H 3

[101] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 142 H 5

[102] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 142 H 6

[103] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 143 H 1

[104] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 143 H 2

[105] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 143 H 3

[106] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 144 H 1

[107] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 145 H 1

[108] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 145 H 2

[109] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 146 H 1

[110] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 147 H 1

[111] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 147 H 2

[112] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 148 H 1

[113] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 151 H 1

[114] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 152 H 1

[115] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 152 H 2

[116] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 1

[117] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 2

[118] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 3

[119] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 4

[120] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 5

[121] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 6

[122] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 7

[123] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 8

[124] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 9

[125] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 10

[126] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 11

[127] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 12

[128] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 13

[129] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 14

[130] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 15

[131] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 16

[132] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 17

[133] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 18

[134] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 19

[135] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 20

[136] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 21

[137] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 22

[138] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 23

[139] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 24

[140] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 25

[141] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 26

[142] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 27

[143] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 28

[144] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 29

[145] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 30

[146] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 31

[147] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 153 H 32

[148] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 154 H 1

[149] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 154 H 2

[150] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 154 H 3

[151] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 156 H 2

[152] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 156 H 4

[153] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 156 H 5

[154] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 156 H 6

[155] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 156 H 7

[156] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 156 H 8

[157] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 156 H 9

[158] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 156 H 10

[159] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 156 H 11

[160] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 157 H 1

[161] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 158 H 1

[162] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 159 H 1

[163] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 159 H 2

[164] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 161 H 1

[165] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 162 H 1

[166] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 162 H 2

[167] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 163 H 1

[168] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 164 H 1

[169] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 165 H 1

[170] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 165 H 2

[171] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 165 H 5

[172] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 165 H 7

[173] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 165 H 8

[174] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 166 H 1

[175] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 167 H 1

[176] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 168 H 1

[177] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 169 H 1

[178] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 169 H 4

[179] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 171 H 2

[180] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 171 H 1

[181] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 173 H 1

[182] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 173 H 2

[183] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 173 H 3

[184] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 174 H 2

[185] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 179 H 1

[186] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 179 H 2

[187] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 179 H 3

[188] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 179 H 4

[189] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 179 H 5

[190] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 179 H 6

[191] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 179 H 7

[192] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 179 H 8

[193] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 179 H 9

[194] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 180 H 1

[195] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 182 H 1

[196] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 182 H 2

[197] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 182 H 3

[198] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 182 H 4

[199] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 182 H 6

[200] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 182 H 7

[201] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 182 H 8

[202] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 183 H 1

[203] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 184 H 1

[204] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 184 H 2

[205] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 184 H 3

[206] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 184 H 4

[207] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 187 H 1

[208] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 188 H 1

[209] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 189 H 1

[210] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 189 H 2

[211] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 190 H 1

[212] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 191 H 1

[213] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 191 H 2

[214] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 194 H 1

[215] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 194 H 2

[216] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 195 H 1

[217] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 195 H 2

[218] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 197 H 1

[219] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 198 H 1

[220] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 199 H 1

[221] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 200 H 1

[222] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 201 H 1

[223] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 201 H 2

[224] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 202 H 1

[225] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 202 H 2

[226] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 202 H 3

[227] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 202 H 4

[228] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 203 H 1

[229] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 203 H 2

[230] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 203 H 4

[231] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 204 H 1

[232] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 205 H 1

[233] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 205 H 2

[234] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 206 H 1

[235] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 207 H 1

[236] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 208 H 1

[237] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 208 H 2

[238] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 209 H 1

[239] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 210 H 1

[240] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 211 H 1

[241] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 211 H 2

[242] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 212 H 1

[243] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 212 H 2

[244] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 213 H 1

[245] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 214 H 1

[246] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 214 H 2

[247] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 215 H 2

[248] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 216 H 1

[249] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 216 H 2

[250] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 217 H 1

[251] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 218 H 1

[252] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 219 H 1

[253] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 220 H 1

[254] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 221 H 1

[255] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 222 H 1

[256] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 224 H 2

[257] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 225 H 1

[258] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 227 H 1

[259] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 230 H 1

[260] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 231 H 1

[261] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 231 H 2

[262] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 231 H 3

[263] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 231 H 4

[264] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 232 H 1

[265] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 233 H 1

[266] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 234 H 1

[267] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 235 H 1

[268] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 235 H 2

[269] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 235 H 3

[270] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 236 H 1

[271] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 237 H 1

[272] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 236 H 2

[273] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 236 H 1

[274] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 236 H 2

[275] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 236 H 3

[276] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 236 H 4

[277] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 236 H 5

[278] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 236 H 1

[279] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 240 H 1

[280] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 241 H 1

[281] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 241 H 2

[282] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 243 H 1

[283] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 244 H 1

[284] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 244 H 2

[285] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 244 H 3

[286] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 245 H 1

[287] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 245 H 2

[288] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 245 H 3

[289] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 245 H 4

[290] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 246 H 1

[291] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 247 H 1

[292] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 248 H 1

[293] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 249 H 1

[294] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 250 H 1

[295] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 251 H 1

[296] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 251 H 2

[297] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 253 H 1

[298] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 254 H 1

[299] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 254 H 2

[300] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 255 H 1

[301] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 255 H 2

[302] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 257 H 1

[303] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 258 H 1

[304] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 259 H 1

[305] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 260 H 1

[306] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 261 H 1

[307] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 261 H 1

[308] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 261 H 2

[309] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 261 H 3

[310] Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 261 H 4