علل الشرائع
REASONS FOR THE LAWS
الشيخ الصدوق أبي جعفر محمد بن علي ابن الحسين بن موسى بن بابويه القمي ره المتوفى سنة 381 ه
AL SHEYKH AL SADOUQ ABU JA’FAR MUHAMMAD BIN ALI IBN AL HUSAYN BIN MUSA BIN BABUWAYH AL QUMMY – DIED 381 AH
الجزء الثاني
VOLUME TWO
Part 2 out of 3
Note – This is an extract from the original. We have not included reports and certain Ahadeeth narrated by the Nasibis and those which contained elements of insults to the People-asws of the Household.
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله رب العالمين، وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد وآله الطاهرين، وسلم تسليما.
In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Praise is for Allah-azwj Lord-azwj of the Worlds, and Blessing be upon our Chief Muhammad-saww and his-saww Purified Progeny-asws, and greetings with abundant greetings.
(باب 141 – العلة التي من أجلها سمى الحطيم حطيما)
Chaptr 141 – The reason due to which Al-Hateym was named as Al-Hateym
حدثنا أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد ابن عيسى عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن ثعلبة بن ميمون، عن معاوية بن عمار قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن الحطيم؟ فقال: هو ما بين الحجر الاسود وباب البيت،
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Isa, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazal, from Sa’alba Bin Maymoun, from Muawiya Bin Amaar who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about Al-Hateym? So he-asws said: ‘It is in between the Black Stone (الحجر الاسود) and Gate of the House (Kabah)’.
قال: وسألته لم سمي الحطيم؟ قال لان الناس يحطم بعضهم بعضا هنا لك.
He (the narrator) said, ‘And I asked him about Al-Hateym? He-asws said: ‘Because the people squash (يحطم) each other over there’.[1]
(باب 142 – علة وجوب الحج والطواف بالبيت وجميع المناسك)
Chapter 142 – Reason for the Obligation of the Hajj, and the Circumambulation of the House (Kabah), and the entirety of the rituals
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن سليمان الرازي قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب قال: حدثنا محمد بن سنان عن اسماعيل بن جابر وعبد الكريم بن عمر عن عبد الحميد بن أبي الديلم عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: ان الله تبارك وتعالى لما أراد أن يتوب على آدم (ع) أرسل إليه جبرئيل فقال له السلام عليك يا آدم الصابر على بليته التائب عن خطيئته ان الله تبارك وتعالى بعثنى اليك لاعلمك المناسك التي يريد أن يتوب عليك بها، وأخذ جبرئيل بيده وانطلق به حتى اتى البيت
My father narrated to me, from Ali Bin Suleyman Al Razy, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ismail Bin Jabir and Abdul Kareem Bin Umar, from Abd Al Hameed Bin Abu Al Daylam,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Allah-azwj Blessed and High Intended that He-azwj Turn to Adam-as (with Mercy), Sent Jibraeel-as to him-as. So he-as said: ‘Peace be upon you-as, O Adam-as! O patient one upon his afflictions, O repentant one upon his-as error! Allah-azwj Blessed and High Sent me-as to you-as, to teach you-as the rituals which He-azwj Wants you-as to turn to Him-azwj by’. And Jibraeel-as grabbed by his-as hand and went with him-as until he-as came to the House (Kabah)
فنزلت عليه غمامة من السماء فقال له جبرئيل خط برجلك حيث اظلك هذا الغمام ثم انطلق به حتى اتى به منى فاراه موضع مسجد منى فخطه وخط المسجد الحرام بعد ما خط مكان البيت ثم انطلق به إلى عرفات فاقامه على العرفة وقال له: إذا غربت الشمس فاعترف بذنبك سبع مرات ففعل ذلك آدم ولذلك سمي العرفة لان آدم (ع) اعترف عليه بذنبه فجعل ذلك سنة في ولده يعترفون بذنوبهم كما اعترف ابوهم ويسألون الله عزوجل التوبة كما سألها أبوهم آدم
So the clouds descended upon him-as from the sky. So Jibraeel-as said to him-as: ‘Draw a line with your-as leg where this cloud is shading you-as’. Then he-as went with him-as until he-as came with him-as to Mina. So he-as showed him-as a place of a Masjid of Mina. So he-as drew a line, and the line of the Sacred Masjid, after having drawn the line of the place of the House (Kabah). Then he-as went with him-as to Arafaat. So he-as made him-as stand upon the Arafaat and said: ‘When the sun goes down, so acknowledge your sin seven times’. So Adam-as did that, and it was due to that, Al-Arafaat was named as such, because Adam-as acknowledged (اعترف) his-as sin at it. So, that flowed as a Sunnah in his-as offspring who are acknowledging their sins just as their father-as acknowledge his-as, and they are asking Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, the repentance just as their father-as Adam-as had asked it.
ثم أمره جبرئيل (ع) فافاض عن عرفات فمر على الجبال السبعة فأمره ان يكبر على كل جبل اربع تكبيرات ففعل ذلك آدم ثم انتهى به إلى جمع ثلث الليل فجمع فيها بين صلاة المغرب وبين صلاة العشاء الآخرة فلذلك سمى جمعا لان آدم جمع فيها بين صلاتين فوقعت العتمة في تلك الليلة ثلث الليل في ذلك الموضع
Then Jibraeel-as ordered him-as, so they went from Arafaat. So they passed by seven mountain, and he-as ordered him-as that he-as should exclaim four exclamations (of the Greatness of Allah-azwj) upon each mountain. So Adam-as did that. Then he-as ended up with him-as at Jama’a in the third of the night, wherein they gathered together between Al-Magrib Prayer, and Al-Isha the last Prayer. Thus, it is due to that, Jama’a was named as such, because Adam-as gathered together therein between two Prayers. So the darkness occurred in that night, a third of the night, in that place.
ثم أمره أن يتبطح في بطحاء جمع، فاتبطح حتى انفجر الصبح ثم امره أن يصعد على الجبل جبل جمع، وأمره إذا طلعت الشمس أن يعترف بذنبه سبع مرات ويسأل الله تعالى التوبة والمغفرة سبع مرات ففعل ذلك آدم كما أمره جبرئيل وأنما جعل اعترافين ليكون سنة في ولده فمن لم يدرك عرفات وادرك جمعا فقد وفي بحجه
Then he-as ordered him-as that he-as should collect pebbles in Jama’a, so he-as collected, until the dawn broke. Then he-as ordered him-as that he-as should climb upon a mountain, a mountain of Jama’a, and ordered him-as, when the sun emerges that he-as should acknowledge his-as sin seven times, and ask Allah-azwj the High for (Accepting) the repentance and the Forgiveness, seven times. So Adam-as did that just as Jibraeel-as had ordered him-as to. But rather, the two acknowledgements became a Sunnah in his-as children. So the one who did not see Arafaat, and saw Jama’a, so he has fulfilled his Hajj.
فافاض آدم من جمع إلى منى فبلغ منى ضحي فأمره أن يصلي ركعتين في مسجد منى ثم أمره أن يقرب إلى الله تعالى قربانا ليتقبل الله منه ويعلم ان الله قد تاب عليه ويكون سنة في ولده القربان فقرب آدم (ع) قربانا فقيل الله منه قربانه وأرسل الله عزوجل نارا من السماء فقبضت قربان آدم فقال له جبرئيل ان الله تبارك وتعالى قد احسن اليك إذا علمك المناسك التي تاب عليك بها وقبل قربانك فاحلق رأسك تواضعا لله تعالى إذ قبل قربانك، فحلق آدم رأسه تواضعا لله تبارك وتعالى،
So Adam-as went from Jama’a to Mina (for the sacrifice). So he-as (Jibraeel-as) ordered him that he-as should Pray two Cycle in a Masjid of Mina. Then he-as ordered him-as that he-as offer to Allah-azwj the High a sacrifice, for Allah-azwj to Accept it from him-as, and he-as would know that Allah-azwj has Turned towards him-as, and it became a Sunnah in his-as children, the sacrifice. So Adam-as offered a sacrifice, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent a flame from the sky, so it seized the sacrifice of Adam-as. So Jibraeel-as said to him-as that Allah-azwj Blessed and High has Favoured upon you-as that He-azwj Taught you-as the rituals which you-as can repent to Him-azwj by, and Accepted your-as sacrifice, therefore shave your-as head in reverence for Allah-azwj the High, since your-as sacrifice has been Accepted’. So Adam-as shaved off his-as head in reverence to Allah-azwj Blessed and High.
ثم اخذ جبرئيل بيد آدم فانطلق به إلى البيت فعرض له إبليس عند الجمرة العقبة فقال له يا آدم أين تريد؟ قال جبرئيل يا آدم ارمه بسبع حصيات وكبر مع كل حصاة تكبيرة ففعل ذلك آدم كما أمره جبرئيل، فذهب إبليس
Then Jibraeel-as grabbed the hand of Adam-as, so he-as went with him-as to the House (Kabah). Iblees-la appeared to him-as at al-Jamarat of Al-Aqaba. So he-la said to him-as, ‘O Adam-as! What are you intending?’ Jibraeel-la said: ‘O Adam-as! Pelt him-la, with seven pebbles, and exclaim with each pebbles, an exclamation (of the Greatness of Allah-azwj)’. So Adam-as did that just as Jibraeel-as had ordered him-as to do. So Iblees-la went away.
ثم أخذ جبرئيل بيده في اليوم الثاني فانطلق به إلى الجمرة الاولى فعرض له إبليس، فقال له جبرئيل ارمه بسبع حصيات وكبر مع كل حصاة تكبيرة ففعل آدم ذلك فذهب إبليس، ثم عرض له عند الجمرة الثانية فقال له يا آدم أين تريد؟ فقال جبرئيل: ارمه بسبع حصيات وكبر مع كل حصاة ففعل ذلك آدم فذهب إبليس
The Jibraeel-la grabbed his-as hand on the second day, so he-as went with him-as to the first Al-Jamarat. So Iblees-la appeared to him-as, and Jibraeel-as said to him-as: ‘Pelt him-la with seven pebbles, and exclaim with each pelting, an exclamation (of the Greatness of Allah-azwj)’. So Adam-as did that, and Iblees-la went away. Then he-la appeared to him at the second Al-Jamarat, so he-la said to him-as, ‘O Adam-as! What are you intending?’ So Jibraeel-la said: ‘Pelt him-la with seven pebbles, and exclaim with each pebble, an exclamation (of the Greatness of Allah-azwj)’. So Adam-as did that.
ثم عرض له عند الجمرة الثالثة فقال له يا آدم أين تريد؟ فقال له جبرئيل ارمه بسبع حصيات وكبر مع كل حصاة تكبيرة ففعل ذلك آدم فذهب إبليس ثم فعل ذلك به في اليوم الثالث والرابع فذهب إبليس فقال له جبرئيل انك لن تراه بعد مقامك هذا أبدا،
Then he-la appeared to him-as at the third Al-Jamarat, so he-la said to him-as, ‘O Adam-as! What are you-as intending?’ So Jibraeel-as said to him-as: ‘Pelt him-la with seven pebbles, and exclaim with each pebble, an exclamation (of the Greatness of Allah-azwj)’. So Adam-as did that, and Iblees-la went away. So that happened with him on the third day, and the fourth, and Iblees-la went away. So Jibraeel-as said to him-as: ‘You-as will never seen him-la after this place of yours-as, ever’.
ثم انطلق به إلى البيت فأمره أن يطوف بالبيت سبع مرات ففعل ذلك آدم فقال له جبرئيل ان الله تبارك وتعالى قد غفر لك وقبل توبتك وحلت لك زوجتك.
Then he-as went with him-as to the House (Kabah). So he-as ordered him-as that he-as should circumambulate the House (Kabah) seven times. So Adam-as did that. Jibraeel-as said to him-as: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High has Forgiven you-as, and Accepted your-as repentance, and Made your-as wife to be Permissible for you-as’.[2]
أخبرنا علي بن حبشي بن قونى رحمه الله فيما كتب إلى قال: حدثنا جميل بن زياد قال: حدثنا القاسم بن اسماعيل قال حدثنا محمد بن سلمة عن يحيى بن أبي العلا الرازي ان رجل دخل على أبي عبد الله (ع) فقال: جعلت فداك أخبرني عن قول الله تعالى (ن والقلم وما يسطرون) وأخبرني عن قول الله عزوجل لابليس (فانك من المنظرين إلى يوم الوقت المعلوم) وأخبرني عن هذا البيت كيف صار فريضة على الخلق أن يأتوه؟
Ali Bin Habashy Bin Qawny informed us regarding what was written to him, from Jameel Bin Ziyad, from Al Qasim Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Bin Salma, from Yahya Bin Abu Al A’ala Al Razy who said,
‘A man came over to Abu Abdullah-asws, so he said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Inform me about the Words of Allah-azwj the High [68:1] Noon, and I swear by the Pen and what it would be writing; and inform me about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic to Iblees-la [15:37] He said: So you are from the Respited ones [15:38] Till the Day of the known time; and inform me about this House (Kabah), how it came to be an Obligation upon the people that they should come to it?’
قال فالتفت أبو عبد الله (ع) إليه وقال ما سألني عن مسألتك أحد قط قبلك ان الله عزوجل لما قال للملائكة اني جاعل في الارض خليفة ضجت الملائكة من ذلك وقالوا: يا رب ان كنت لا بد جاعل في الارض خليفة فاجعله منا ممن يعمل في خلقك بطاعتك فرد عليهم انى اعلم مالا تعلمونت، فظنت الملائكة ان ذلك سخط من الله تعالى عليهم فلا ذوا بالعرش يطوفون به،
He (the narrator) said, ‘So, Abu Abdullah-asws turned, and said: ‘No one has ever asked me-asws what you asked, at all, before you. When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to the Angels [2:30] And when your Lord Said to the Angels, I am going to Make a Caliph in the earth, the Angels were in uproar from that and said: ‘O Lord-azwj! If it was inevitable to Make a Caliph in the earth, so Make him to be from us, from the ones who work among Your-azwj creatures by being obedient to You-azwj’. So Allah-azwj Rebuffed them He said: I know what you are not knowing. So the Angels thought that, that was an Anger from Allah-azwj the High, against them. So there was nothing by the Throne that they could circumambulate by.
فامر الله تعالى لهم ببيت من مرمر سقفه ياقوتة حمراء واساطينة الزبرجد يدخله كل يوم سبعون ألف ملك لا يدخلونه بعد ذلك إلى يوم الوقت المعلوم قال ويوم الوقت المعلوم يوم ينفخ في الصور نفحة واحدة فيموت إبليس ما بين النفخة الاولى والثانية
So, Allah-azwj the High Commanded for a House to be built, from marble, its ceiling being of red rubies, and its pillars being of aquamarine. Every day, seventy thousand Angels enter into it. They would be entering into it after that, up to the day of a known time’. He-asws said: ‘And the day of the known time is the day during which the Trumpet would be blown into with one blowing. So, Iblees-la would be dying, in what is in between the first blowing and the second blowing.
واما نون فكان نهرا في الجنة أشد بياضا من الثلج واحلى من العسل قال الله تعالى له: كن مدادا فكان مدادا، ثم أخذ شجرة فغرسها بيده ثم قال: واليد القوة وليس بحيث تذهب إليه المشبهة تم قال لها كونى قلما ثم قال له اكتب فقال له يا رب وما اكتب قال: اكتب ما هو كائن إلى يوم القيامة ففعل ذلك ثم ختم عليه وقال: لا تنطقن إلى يوم الوقت المعلوم.
And as for [68:1] Noon, so it is a river in the Paradise, more intensely whiter than the snow, and sweeter than the honey’. Allah-azwj the High Said to it: “Be ink!” So it was ink. Then He-azwj Took and tree and Planted it by His-azwj Hands’. Then He-azwj Said: ‘And the Hand, is the Power, and it is not where you are going with it to the resemblances’. Then He-azwj Said to it: “Become a pen!” Then He-azwj Said to it: “Write!” So it said to Him-azwj: ‘Lord-azwj! What shall I write?’ He-azwj Said: ‘Write what is going to happen up to the Day of Judgement’. So it did that. Then He-azwj Placed a seal upon it, and Said: “Do not speak up to the day of known time”.[3]
حدثنا أبي رضى الله عنه قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد ابن عيسى عن علي بن حديد عن ابن أبي عمير عن أصحابنا عن أحدهما انه سئل عن ابتداء الطواف فقال ان الله تبارك وتعالى لما أراد خلق آدم (ع) قال للملائكة اني جاعل في الارض خليفة فقال ملكان من الملائكة أتجعل فيها من يفسد فيها ويسفك الدماء،
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Isa, from Ali Bin Hadeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from our companions,
(It has been narrated) from one of the two-asws (5th or 6th Imam-asws), having been asked about the beginning of the circumambulation. So he-asws said: ‘When Allah-azwj Blessed and High Intended to Create Adam-as, Said to the Angels [2:30] I am going to Make a Caliph in the earth. So two Angels from the Angels said: ‘Are You going to Make in it one as shall make mischief therein and shed the blood?’
فوقعت الحجب فيما بينهما وبين الله عزوجل وكان تبارك وتعالى نوره ظاهرا للملائكة فلما وقعت الحجب بينه وبينهما علما انه قد سخط قولهما فقالا للملائكة ما حيلتنا وما وجه توبتنا؟ فقالوا: ما نعرف لكما من التوبة إلا ان تلوذا بالعرش،
So there occurred a Veil in between these two and between Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. And the Blessed and High, His-azwj Light was Manifested to the Angels. So when the Veil occurred between Him-azwj and these two, they both came to know that their words have Angered Him-azwj. So they both said to the Angels: ‘What resources do we have, and what is His-azwj Perspective for our repentance?’ So they said: ‘We do not know the repentance for the two of you except that you should both take shelter by the Throne’.
قال: فلاذا بالعرش حتى انزل الله تعالى توبتهما ورفعت الحجب فيما بينه وبينهما واجب الله تبارك وتعالى أن يعبد بتلك العبادة فخلق الله البيت في الارض وجعل على العباد الطواف حوله وخلق البيت المعمور في السماء يدخله كل يوم سبعون الف ملك لا يعودون إليه إلى يوم القيامة.
He-asws said: ‘So they took shelter with the Throne until Allah-azwj the High Sent down (the Acceptance of) the repentance of both of them, and Raised the veil which was between Him-azwj and these two, and Allah-azwj Blessed and High Obligated that He-azwj be worshipped by that very worship, so Allah-azwj Created the House (Kabah) in the earth, and Made the circumambulation around it to be (obligatory) upon the servants, and Created the Oft-Frequented House (Bayt Al-Mamoor) in the sky. Seventy thousand Angels enter into it every day, not returning to Him-azwj up to the Day of Judgement’.[4]
حدثنا أحمد بن زياد بن جعفر الهمداني والحسين بن ابراهيم بن أحمد ابن هشام المؤدب الرازي وعلي بن عبد الله الوراق رضي الله عنهم قالوا حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن أبيه، عن الفضل بن يونس قال كان ابن أبي العوجاء من تلامذة الحسن البصري فانحرف عن التوحيد فقيل له ترك مذهب صاحبك ودخلت فيما لا أصل له ولا حقيقة فقال ان صاحبي كان مخلطا كان يقول طورا بالقدر وطورا بالجبر وما اعلمه اعتقد مذهبا دام عليه
Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al hamdany and Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Ahmad Ibn Hisham Al Mowdab Al Razy and Ali Bin Abdullah Al Waraq, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Al Fazal Bin Yunus who said,
‘Ibn Abu Al Awja was a pupil of Al Hassan Al Basry, so he deviated from the Oneness (Tawheed). So it was said to him, ‘Leave the sect of your master and you have entered into what has neither any origin for it, nor any reality’. So he said, ‘My master is muddled up. Sometimes he was speaking of Pre-destination, sometimes of compulsion, and I do not know of a belief of a sect that he was firm upon’.
قال ودخل مكة تمردا وانكارا على من يحج وكان يكره العلماء مسائلته اياهم ومجالسته لهم لخبث لسانه وفساد سريرته فاتى جعفر بن محمد (ع) فجلس إليه في جماعة من نظرائه ثم قال له يا أبا عبد الله ان المجالس امانات ولا بد لكل من به سعال أن يسعل افتأذن لي في الكلام فقال أبو عبد الله (ع) تكلم بما شئت
He (the narrator) said, ‘And he entered Makkah in rebellion and denial upon the one who argued, and he-asws dislike this scholar to come and ask him-asws, and sit in his-asws gatherings, due to the malicious tongue of his, and spoilt mannerisms. So he came to Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, and sat among a group of his counterparts. Then he said to him-asws, ‘O Abu Abdullah-asws! The gatherings are a safe place, and it is a must for each one, if he has to cough, he coughs. Do you-asws allow me to speak?’ So Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Speak with whatever you so desire to’.
فقال إلى كم تدسون هذا البيدر وتلوذون بهذا الحجر وتعبدون هذا البيت المرفوع بالطوب والمدر وتهرولون هرولة البعير إذا نفر ان من فكر في الامر قد علم ان هذا فعل اسسه غير حكيم ولا ذي نظر فقل فانك رأس هذا الامر وسنامه وأبوك اسمه ونظامه
So he said, ‘For how long will you all be walking around these valleys, and taking shelter with this stone (Haj Al-Aswad) , and worshipping this House (Kabah) raised by the bricks and mortar, and trotting around like the trotting of the camels. If a number of people were to think about the matter, they would come to know that this deed was founded by the one who was not wise, nor one with any vision. So speak, for you-asws are the head of this matter, and its peak, and your-asws father-saww (Rasool-Allah-saww) founded it, and its system’.
فقال أبو عبد الله (ع) ان من أضله الله وأعمى قلبه استوخم الحق فلم يستعذبه صار الشيطان وليه يورده مناهل الهلكة ثم لا يصدره وهذا بيت استعبد الله تعالى به خلقه ليختبر به طاعتم في اتيانه فحثهم على تعظيمه وزيارته وجعله محل انبيائه وقبلة للمصلين له فهو شعبة من رضوانه وطريق يؤدى إلى غفرانه منصوب على استواء الكمال ومجتمع العظمة والجلال خلقه الله تعالى قبل دحو الارض بالفى عام واحق من اطيع فيما امر وانتهى عما نهى عنه وزجر، الله المنشئ للارواح والصور
So, Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The one whom Allah-azwj Lets to stray and Blinds his heart, is blackened out from the Truth and does not taste it. The Satan-la becomes his guardian, turning him towards the fountains of destruction. Then he does not come out of it. And this House (Kabah), His-azwj creatures worship Allah-azwj the High by it, in order to Test their obedience by it with regards to their coming to it, and the urging for its reverence, and its visitation, and Made it a place for His-azwj Prophets-as, and a Qiblah (direction) for the Praying ones to Him-azwj.
So it is a section of His-azwj Pleasure, and a way leading to His-azwj Forgiveness, established upon Perfection, and the entirety of the Magnificence and Majesty. Allah-azwj the High Created it two thousand years before the spreading of the land. And He-azwj is more deserving to be obeyed with regards to what He-azwj has Commanded, and to refrain from what He-azwj has Forbidden from, and Enjoined. Allah-azwj is the Originator of the Spirits and the images’.
فقال ابن أبي العوجاء ذكرت يا أبا عبد الله فاحلت على غائب فقال ويلك وكيف يكون غائبا من هو في خلقه شاهد واليهم اقرب من حبل الوريد يسمع كلامهم ويرى أشخاصهم ويعلم اسرارهم وانما المخلوق إذا انتقل عن مكان اشتغل به مكان وخلا منه مكان فلا يدرى في المكان الذي صار إليه ما حدث في المكان الذي كان فيه
So, Ibn Ali Al-Awja said, ‘You-asws have mentioned, O Abu Abdullah-asws, so you-asws are imposing upon One Who is hidden’. So he-asws said: ‘Woe be unto you! And how can He-azwj be hidden, the One Who is among His-azwj creatures as a Witness, and is closer to them than the jugular vein? He-azwj Hears their speech, and Sees their persons, and Knows their secrets. But rather, when the creatures transfer from one place, a place is occupied by him and a place is emptied from him, so he does not know in the place which he has come to be, what is occurring in the place in which he used to be.
فاما الله العظيم الشأن الملك الديان فانه لا يخلو منه مكان ولا يشتغل به مكان ولا يكون إلى مكان اقرب منه إلى مكان والذي بعثه بالايات المحكمة والبراهين الواضحة وايده بنصره واختاره لتبليغ رسالاته صدقنا قوله بان ربه بعثه وكلمه
So, as for Allah-azwj the Magnificence, the Glorious, the King, the Judge. There is no place which is empty from Him-azwj, nor does He-azwj Occupy a place, nor does a place become closer than Him-azwj to another place. And He-azwj is the One Who Sent him-saww with the Signs, the Decisive, and the clear Proofs, and Aided him-saww with His-azwj Help, and Chose him-saww to deliver His-azwj Message. We-asws hereby ratify his-saww words as being from his-saww Lord-azwj Who Sent him-saww, and Made him-saww speak’.
فقام عنه ابن أبي العوجاء فقال لاصحابه من القانى في بحر هذا سألتكم أن تلتمسوا إلى خمرة فالقيتموني إلى جمرة قالوا ما كنت في مجلسه إلا حقيرا قال انه ابن من حلق رؤس من ترون.
So Ibn Abu Awja arose from him-asws, so he said to his companion, ‘Who cast me in this ocean? I asked you all to take me to seek the enjoyable discussion, but you cast me into the fiery embers’. They said, ‘You were not in his-asws gathering except as despicable’. He said, ‘He-asws is a son-asws from the chieftains of the people, the ones you are looking at’.[5]
حدثنا علي بن أحمد رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله بن محمد ابن اسماعيل عن علي بن العباس قال حدثنا القاسم بن ربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان ان أبا الحسن علي بن موسى الرضا كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله ان علة الحج الوفادة إلى الله تعالى وطلب الزيادة والخروج من كل ما قترف وليكون تائبا مما مضى مستأنفا لما يستقبل وما فيه من استخراج الاموال وتعب الابدان وحظرها عن الشهوات واللذات والتقرب في العبادة إلى الله عزوجل والخضوع والاستكانة والذل شاخصا في الحر والبرد والامن والخوف دائبا في ذلك دايما
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Bin Muhammad Ibn Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Bin Rabie Al Sahaf,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan that Abu Al-Hassan-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws wrote to him in answer to what he had written asking him-asws of the reason for the Hajj: ‘The delegation to Allah-azwj the High, and seeking for the increase, and the going out from everything which one has done and repenting from what has passed, resuming to what is to be faced, and what is therein from the extraction of the wealth, and the tiredness of the bodies, and its cautions from the lustful desires, and the pleasures, and the getting closer to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and the subordination and the submissiveness, and the humbleness of the person in the heat and the cord, and the security and the fear, consistently and forever.
وما في ذلك لجميع الخلق من المنافع والرغبة والرهبة إلى الله سبحانه وتعالى ومنه ترك قساوة القلب وخساسة الانفس ونسيان الذكر وانقطاع الرجا والامل وتجديد الحقوق وخطر الانفس عن الفساد ومنفعة من في المشرق والمغرب ومن في البر والبحر ممن يحج وممن لا يحج من تاجر وجالب وبايع ومشتري وكاسب ومسكين وقضاء حوائج أهل الاطراف والمواضع الممكن لهم الاجتماع فيها كذلك ليشهدوا منافع لهم.
And what is in that for the entirety of the people, from the benefits, and the hoping and the dreading to Allah-azwj Glorious and High, and from it is leaving the hardness of the heart, and nastiness of the selves, and the forgetfulness of the remembrance (of Allah-azwj), and cutting off of the hope, and the wishes, and the renewal of the rights, and the danger of earning from corrupt ways.
And the benefits of the ones who are in the east and the west, and the land and the sea, from the one who performs Hajj and the one who does not perform Hajj, the one who is a business man, and the dealers, and the seller, and the buyer, and the waged and the unwaged, and fulfilment of the needs of the people on the road, and the people of the surrounding areas, and the place in which for people to gather therein. Similar to that, they witness the benefits for them.
وعلة فرض الحج مرة واحدة لان الله تعالى وضع الفرائض على ادنى القوم قوة فمن تلك الفرائض الحج المفروض واحد ثم رغب أهل القوة على قدر طاعتهم.
And reason for the Obligating the Hajj for one time is because Allah-azwj the High Placed the Obligations upon the lowest of the people in strength. So from these Obligations is the Hajj, being Obligatory once. Then the people of strength wish in accordance to their obedience’.
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن يعقوب ابن يزيد عن ابن أبي عمير عن أبي جرير القمي عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: الحج فرض على أهل الجدة في كل عام.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Yaqoub Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Jareer Al Qummy,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The Hajj is Obligatory upon the people of Jeddah in every year’.
حدثنا أحمد بن الحسن قال حدثنا أحمد بن ادريس عن محمد بن أحمد عن أحمد ابن محمد عن علي بن مهزيار عن عبد الله بن الحسين الميثمى رفعه إلى أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: ان في كتاب الله تعالى فيما انزل (ولله على الناس حج البيت في كل عام – من استطاع إليه سبيلا).
Ahmad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ahmad Ibn Muhammad, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Abdullah Bin Al Husayn Al Maysami,
(It has been narrated) raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘It has been Revealed in the Book of Allah-azwj the High with regards to it [3:97] and Pilgrimage to the House is incumbent upon the people for the Sake of Allah, in every year –(upon) everyone who is able to undertake the journey to it’.[6]
حدثنا علي بن أحمد بن محمد رحمه الله ومحمد بن أحمد السناني والحسين ابن ابراهيم بن أحمد بن هشام المؤدب قالوا حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله الكوفي عن محمد بن اسماعيل قال حدثنا علي بن العباس عن عمر بن عبد العزيز عن رجل قال حدثنا هشام بن الحكم قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) فقلت له ما العلة التي من أجلها كلف الله العباد الحج والطواف والبيت؟
Ali Bin Muhammad narrated to us and Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Sinany, and Al Husayn Ibn Ibrahim Bin Ahmad Bin Hisham Al Mowdab narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from umar Bin Abdul Aziz, from a man, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, so I said to him-asws, ‘What is the reason due to which Allah-azwj Assigned the Hajj for the servant, and the circumambulating of the House (Kabah)?’
فقال ان الله تعالى خلق الخلق لا لعلة إلا إنه شاء ففعل فخلقهم إلى وقت مؤجل وأمرهم ونهاهم ما يكون من أمر الطاعة في الدين ومصلحتهم من أمر دنياهم فجعل فيه الاجتماع من المشرق والمغرب ليتعارفوا وليتربح كل قوم من التجارات من بلد إلى بلد ولينتفع بذلك المكارى والجمال ولتعرف آثار رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وتعرف أخباره ويذكر ولا ينسى ولو كان كل قوم انما يتكلون على بلادهم وما فيها هلكوا وخرجت البلاد وسقط الجلب والارباح وعميت الاخبار ولم يقفوا على ذلك فذلك علة الحج.
So he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the High Created the creatures, not for a reason except that He-azwj so Desired it, so He-azwj Did it. So He-azwj Created them for a definite term, and Commanded them and Prohibited them from matter pertaining to obedience in the Religion and for the correction of the matters of their world. Thus, He-azwj Made in it the gathering from the east and the west, in order for them to recognise (each other) and profit (from each other) from the businesses from a city to a city, and to benefit by that the hirers of the camels, and to recognise the effects (Ahadeeth) of Rasool-Allah-saww, and to recognise his-saww news, and to remember and not forget. And if every people were to rely upon their own cities and what is therein, they would have perished, and they would have gone out from the cities, and their profits would have fallen, and they would have been blind to the news (Ahadeeth), and would not have pondered upon that. So, that is the reason for the Hajj’.[7]
حدثنا علي بن أحمد رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله عن محمد ابن اسماعيل عن علي بن العباس قال حدثنا القاسم بن الربيع الصحاف عن محمد ابن سنان ان الرضا (ع) كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله علة الطواف بالبيت ان الله تبارك وتعالى قال للملائكة اني جاعل في الارض خليفة قالوا أتجعل فيها من يفسد فيها ويسفك الدماء فردوا على الله تبارك وتعالى هذا الجواب فعلموا انهم اذنبوا فندموا فلاذوا بالعرش فاستغفروا فاحب الله تعالى أن يتعبد بمثل ذلك العباد فوضع في السماء الرابعة بيتا بحذاء العرش يسمى الضراح ثم وضع في السماء الدنيا بيتا يسمى البيت المعمور بحذاء الضراح ثم وضع هذا البيت بحذاء البيت المعمور ثم أمر آدم فطاف به فتاب الله عليه وجرى ذلك في ولده إلى يوم القيامة.
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Ibn Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Bin Al Rabie Al Sahaf,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Ibn Sinan that Al-Reza-asws wrote to him in answer to his question of the reason for the Circumambulation of the House: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High Said to the Angels [2:30] I am going to Make a Caliph in the earth, they said: Are You going to Make in it one as shall make mischief therein and shed the blood? So they responded to Allah-azwj with this answer. So they knew that they had sinned. So they were regretful and took shelter by the Throne and sough Forgiveness. So Allah-azwj Loved that He-azwj be worshipped by similar to that worship, so He-azwj Placed a House in the fourth sky, at the base of the Throne called Al-Zaraah. Then He-azwj Placed a House in the sky of the world, called Bayt Al-Mamoor, at the base of A-Zaraah. Then He-azwj Placed this House (Kabah) at the base of Bayt Al-Mamoor. Then He-azwj Commanded Adam-as, so he-as circumambulated by it. So He-azwj Turned towards him -as (Mercifully), and that flowed as a Sunnah in his-as children up to the Day of Judgement’.[8]
أخبرنا علي بن حاتم قال حدثنا حميد بن زياد قال حدثنا الحسن بن محمد بن سماعة قال حدثنى الحسين بن هاشم عن عبد الله بن مسكان عن أبي حمزة الثمالي قال دخلت على أبي جعفر (ع) وهو جالس على الباب الذي إلى المسجد وهو ينظر إلى الناس يطوفون فقال يا أبا حمزة بما أمروا هؤلاء؟ قال فلم ادر ما أرد عليه قال انما أمروا أن يطوفوا بهذه الاحجار ثم يأتونا فيعلمونا ولا يتهم.
Ali Bin Hatim informed us, from Hameed Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Sama’at, from Al Husayn Bin hashim, from Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,
‘I went over to Abu Ja’far-asws, and he-asws was seated at the door leading to the (Sacred) Masjid, and he-asws was looking at the people circumambulating, so he-asws said: ‘O Abu Hamza! With what have these (people) been Commanded with?’ He (Abu Hamza) said, ‘I did not know what to respond to him-asws with. He-asws said :’But rather, they have been Commanded that they should circumambulate by these stones, then come to us-asws, so they would let us-asws know of their Wilayah (love) for us-asws’.[9]
(باب 143 – العلة التي من أجلها صار الطواف سبعة أشواط)
Chapter 143 – The reason due to which the circumambulation came to be of seven circuits
حدثنا علي بن حاتم قال حدثنا القاسم بن محمد قال حدثنا حمدان بن الحسين عن الحسين بن الوليد عن أبي بكر عن حنان بن سدير عن أبي حمزة الثمالي عن علي بن الحسين (ع) قال قلت لم صار الطواف سبعة اشواط؟ قال لان الله تبارك وتعالى قال للملائكة اني جاعل في الارض خليفة فردوا على الله تبارك وتعالى وقالوا اتجعل فيها من يفسد فيها ويسفك الدماء قال الله اني اعلم ما تعملون وكان لا يحجبهم عن نوره فحجبهم عن نوره سبعة آلاف عام فلاذوا بالعرش سبعة آلاف سنة فرحمهم وتاب عليهم وجعل لهم البيت المعمور الذي في السماء الرابعة وجعله مثابة ووضع البيت الحرام تحت البيت المعمور فجعله مثابة للناس وامنا فصار الطواف سبعة اشواط واجبا على العباد لكل الف سنة شوطا واحدا.
Ali Bin Hatim narrated to us, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from Abu Bakr, from hanan Bin Sudeyr, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly,
(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, said, ‘I said, ‘Why did the circumambulation come to be of seven circuits?’ He-asws said: ‘Because Allah-azwj Blessed and High Said to the Angels [2:30] I am going to Make a Caliph in the earth. So they responded to Allah-azwj Blessed and High and said: ‘Are You going to Make in it one as shall make mischief therein and shed the blood?’ Allah-azwj Said I know what you are not knowing. And they were not Veiled from His-azwj Light. So they were (from then on) Veiled from His-azwj Light for seven thousand years. So they took shelter by the Throne for seven thousand years. So He-azwj was Merciful to them and Turned towards them (Mercifully), and Made for them the Bayt Al-Mamoor which is in the fourth sky, and Made it as a refuge, and Placed the Sacred House (Kabah) underneath the Bayt Al-Mamoor. So He-azwj Made it a refuge for the people, and a security for them. Thus, the circumambulation of seven circuits is Obligated upon the servants, for every thousand years, one circuit’.[10]
وعنه قال حدثنى أبو القاسم حميد بن زياد قال حدثنا عبد الله بن احمد عن علي بن الحسين الطاطرى، عن محمد بن زياد عن أبي خديجة قال سمعت أبا عبد الله (ع) يقول مر بأبي (ع) رجل وهو يطوف فضرب بيده على منكبه ثم قال اسألك عن خصاك ثلاث لا يعرفهن غيرك وغير رجل آخر فسكت عنه حتى فرغ من طوافه ثم دخل الحجر فصلى ركعتين وانا معه فلما فرغ نادى أين هذا السائل؟ فجاء فجلس بين يديه فقال له سل فسأله عن (ن والقلم وما يسطرون) فاجابه
And he said, ‘Abu Al Qasim Hameed Bin Ziyad narrated to me, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al tatary, from Muhammad Bin Ziyad, from Abu Khadeeja who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘A man passed by my-asws father-asws, and he-asws was circumambulating. So he struck his hand upon his-asws shoulder, then said: ‘I ask you-asws about three qualities which no one apart from you-asws recognises, or another man’. So he-asws remained silent from him, until he-asws was free from his-asws circumambulation. Then he-asws entered towards the (Black) Stone, so he-asws Prayed two Cycles, and I was with him-asws. So when he-asws was free, he-asws called out: ‘Where is the questioner?’ So he came, and was seated in front of him-asws. So he-asws said to him: ‘Ask’. So he asked him-asws about [68:1] Noon, and I swear by the Pen and what it will be writing. So he-asws answered him.
ثم قال حدثنى عن الملائكة حين ردوا على الرب حيث غضب عليهم وكيف رضى عنهم فقال ان الملائكة طافوا بالعرش سبعة آلاف سنة يدعونه ويستغفرونه ويسألونه أن يرضى عنهم فرضى عنهم بعد سبع سنين فقال صدقت
Then he-asws said: ‘Narrate to me about the Angels when they responded to the Lord-azwj where He-asws was Angered against them, and how He-azwj was Pleased from them’. So he-asws said: ‘The Angels circumambulated the Throne for seven thousand year, supplicating to Him-azwj, and seeking His-azwj Forgiveness, and asking Him-azwj, and He-azwj should be Pleased with them. So He-azwj was Pleased from them after seven years’. So he said, ‘You have spoken the truth’.
ثم قال حدثنى عن رضى الرب عن آدم فقال ان آدم انزل فنزل في الهند وسأل ربه تعالى هذا البيت فأمره أن يأتيه فيطوف به اسبوعا ويأتي منى وعرفات فيقضى مناسكه كلها فجاء من الهند وكان موضع قدميه حيث يطأ عليه عمران وما بين القدم إلى القدم صحارى ليس فيها شئ
Then he said, ‘Narrate to me about the Pleasure of the Lord-azwj about Adam-as’. So he-asws said: ‘Adam-as descended, so he-as descended in India, and asked his-as Lord-azwj the High for this House (Kabah). So He-azwj Commanded him-as that he-as should come to it, and he-as should circumambulate by it for a week, then go over to Mina and Arafaat, so he-as should fulfill his-as rituals, all of them. So he-as came from India, and the place of his-as feet where he-as trod upon, became populated, and what was between the step to the step, was desert and there was nothing in it.
ثم جاء إلى البيت فطاف اسبوعا واتى مناسكه فقضاها كما أمره الله فقبل الله منه التوبة وغفر له
Then he-as came to the House (Kabah), so he-as circumambulated it for a week, and was Given his-as rituals, so he fulfilled these just as He-azwj had been Commanded with. So the repentance was Accepted from him-as, and there was Forgiveness for him-as’.
قال فجعل طواف آدم لما طافت الملائكة بالعرش سبع سنين فقال جبرئيل هنيئا لك يا آدم قد غفر لك لقد ظفت بهذا البيت قبلك بثلاثة آلاف سنة فقال آدم يا رب اغفر لي ولذريتي من بعدى فقال نعم من آمن منهم بى وبرسلي
He-asws said: ‘So the circumambulation of Adam-as was Made to be when the Angels circumambulated by the Throne for seven years. So Jibraeel-as said: ‘Congratulations to you-as, O Adam-as! You-as have been Forgiven, for I-as have circumambulated by this House before you-as, by three thousand years. So Adam-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Forgive me-as, and my-as offspring from after me-as’. So He-azwj Said: “Yes, the one who believes in Me-azwj, and in My-azwj Rasool-as’.
فقال صدقت ومضى فقال أبي (ع) هذا جبرئيل اتاكم يعلمكم معالم دينكم.
So he (the questioner) said, ‘You-asws have spoken the truth’, and left. So my-asws father-asws said: ‘This was Jibraeel-as, coming to you in order to teach the matters of your Religion (to people)’.[11]
(باب 144 – العلة التي من أجلها صارت العمرة على الناس) (واجبة بمنزلة الحج)
Chapter 144 – The reason due to which the Umrah came to be Obligatory upon the people at the status of the Hajj
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا محمد ابن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن علي بن مهزيار عن الحسين بن سعيد عن ابن أبي عمير وحماد وصفوان بن يحيى وفضالة بن أيوب عن معاوية بن عمار عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال العمرة واجبة على الخلق بمنزلة الحج من استطاع لان الله تعالى يقول واتموا الحج والعمرة لله وانما نزلت العمرة بالمدينة، وافضل العمرة عمرة رجب.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad iBn Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al Husayn, from Ibn Abu Umeyr and Hamaad and Safwan Bin Yahya and Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Muawiya Bin Amaar,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The Umrah is an Obligation upon the people at the status of the Hajj, for the one who has the ability for it, because Allah-azwj the High is Saying [2:196] And complete the Hajj and the Umrah for Allah. But rather, it was Revealed at Al-Medina, and the most preferable Umrah, is Umrah of (month of) Rajab’.[12]
(باب 145 – العلة التي من أجلها يجوز للمحرم أن يستاك)
Chapter 145 – The reason due to which it is allowed for the one in Ihraam to brush his teeth
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن يعقوب بن يزيد عن ابن أبي عمير عن معاوية عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: قلت المحرم يستاك؟ قال نعم قلت فان أدمى يستاك؟ قال نعم هو من السنة.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muawiya,
(The narrator says I asked) from Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Can the one in Ihraam brush his teeth?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘So, (what) if blood flows when he brushes his teeth?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, it is (in order as it is) from the Sunnah’.[13]
(باب 147 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يستحب الهدى إلى) (الكعبة وما يجب أن يعمل بما قد جعل هديا للكعبة)
Chapter 147 – The reason due to which due to which it is not recommended to gift to the Kabah, and what it Obligates upon the one who does make a gift to the Kabah
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن ابراهيم ابن هاشم عن عبد الله بن المغيرة عن السكوني عن جعفر بن محمد عن أبيه عن علي (ع) قال لو كان لي واديان يسيلان ذهبا وفضة ما أهديت إلى الكعبة شيئا لانه يصير إلى الحجبة دون المساكين.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ibrahim Ibn Hashim, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Al Sakkuny,
(It has been narrated) from Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘If there were two valleys for me-asws streaming with gold and silver, I-asws would not gift anything to the Kabah, because it goes to the guards (at the Kabah) rather than the poor’.[14]
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن بنان بن محمد عن موسى ابن القاسم عن علي بن جعفر عن أخيه أبي الحسن عليهم السلام قال: سألته عن رجل جعل جاريته هديا للكعبة كيف يصنع بها؟ فقال ان أبي عليه السلام أتاه رجل قد جعل جاريته هديا للكعبة فقال له قوم الجارية أو بعها ثم مر مناديا يقوم على الحجر فينادي ألا من قصرت نفقته أو قطع به طريقه أو نفذ طعامه، فليأت فلان بن فلان، ومره أن يعطى أولا فأولا حتى ينفذ ثمن الجارية.
My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Banan Bin Muhammad, from Musa Ibn Al Qasim Ibn Al Qasim, from Ali Bin Ja’far,
(It has been narrated) from his brother-asws Abu Al-Hassan-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about a man who made a slave girl as a gift to the Kabah, what should be done with her?’ So he-asws said: ‘A man came to my-asws father-asws, having made his slave girl as a gift to the Kabah. So he-asws said: ‘Evaluate the slave girl or sell her, then order a caller to stand at the Black Stone, so he should call out, ‘Indeed! The one who is short of expenses, or his way has been cut-off (by bandits), or his food is insufficient, so let him come to so and so, son of so and so’; and order him that he should give on a first come first served basis until the value of the slave girl is spent’.[15]
حدثنى محمد بن علي ماجيلويه قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن أبيه عن حماد بن عيسى عن حريز قال أخبرني ياسين قال سمعت أبا جعفر عليه السلام يقول: ان قوما أقبلوا من مصر، فمات رجل فأوصى إلى رجل بألف درهم للكعبة، فلما قدم مكة سأل عن ذلك فدلوه على بني شيبة، فأتاهم فأخبرهم الخبر فقالوا قد برءت ذمتك ادفعها الينا،
Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to me, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Yaseen who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘A group of people came from Egypt, and a man died. So he bequeathed to a man with a thousand Dirhams for the Kabah. So when he proceeded to Makkah, he asked about that. So they pointed him to the Clan of Sheyba. So he went to them and informed them of the news. So they said, ‘You are free from your responsibility. Hand it over to us’.
فقام الرجل فسأل الناس فدلوه على أبي جعفر محمد بن علي عليهما السلام، قال أبو جعفر محمد بن علي عليهما السلام فأتاني فسألني فقلت له: ان الكعبة غنية عن هذا أنظر إلى من أم هذا البيت وقطع أو ذهبت نفقته أو ضلت راحلته أو عجزان يرجع إلى أهله فادفعها إلى هؤلاء الذين سميت لك،
So the man arose and asked the people (again). So they pointed him to Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws. Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Ali-asws said: ‘So he came over to me-asws and asked me-asws. So he-asws said to him: ‘The Kabah is needless from this. Look around to the ones (visitors) of this House (Kabah), and the one who has been cut-off, or his expenses have gone, or his ride has strayed, or he is frustrated and is returning to his family, so hand it over to those ones whom I-asws have named for you’.
قال: فأتى الرجل بني شيبة فأخبرهم بقول أبي جعفر عليه السلام فقالوا هذا ضال مبتدع ليس يؤخذ عنه ولا علم له، ونحن نسألك بحق هذا البيت وبحق كذا وكذا لما أبلغته عنا هذا الكلام
He (the narrator) said: ‘So the man went to the Clan of Sheyba and informed them of the words of Abu Ja’far-asws. So they said, ‘This one is a strayed one, an innovator. There is no one taking (as Verdicts) from him-asws, and there is no knowledge to him-asws, while we ask you by the right of this House, and by the right of such and such, when you deliver this speech of ours to him-asws’.
قال فأتيت أبا جعفر عليه السلام فقلت له لقيت بني شيبة فأخبرتهم فزعموا انك كذا وكذا وانك لا علم لك ثم سألوني بالله العظيم لما ابلغك ما قالوا قال وأنا اسألك بما سألوك لما أتيتهم فقلت لهم، ان من علمي لو وليت شيئا من أمور المسلمين لقطعت أيديهم ثم علقتها في أستار الكعبة، ثم أقمتهم على المصطبة، ثم أمرت مناديا ينادي ألا ان هؤلاء سراق الله فاعرفوهم.
He said, ‘So I came over to Abu Ja’far-asws and said to him-asws, ‘I met the Clan of Sheyba, so I informed them, and they claim that you-asws are such and such, and that you-asws are such that there is no knowledge with you-asws. Then they asked me, by Allah-azwj the Magnificent, to deliver what they have said’. He-asws said: ‘And I-asws ask you with what you have been asked by, when you go to them, so say to them, ‘From my-asws knowledge is, if I-asws had the slightest control from the affairs of the Muslims, I-asws would cut-off their hands, then hang them in the curtains of the Kabah. Then I-asws would make them stand upon the bench, then order a caller to call out, ‘Indeed! These are thieves of Allah-azwj, so recognise them!’[16]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال حدثنا الحسن بن متيل عن محمد ابن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن جعفر بن بشير، عن ابان عن ابن الحر عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال جاء رجل إلى أبي جعفر فقال: إنى أهديت جارية إلى الكعبة فأعطيت بها خمسمائة دينار فما ترى؟ قال: بعها ثم خذ ثمنها ثم قم على هذا الحائط يعني الحجر ثم نادواعط كل منقطع به وكل محتاج من الحاج.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Mateyl, from Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Ja’far Bin Basheer, from Aban, from Ibn Al Hurr,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘A man came over to Abu Ja’far-asws, so he said, ‘I have gifted a slave girl to the Kabah and she was given five hundred Dinaars, so what is your-asws view?’ He-asws said: ‘Sell her, take her value, then stand upon this wall, meaning the (Black) Stone, then call out, and give to every cut-off person and every needy one from the Pilgrims’.[17]
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد عن علي ابن الحسين الميثمي عن أخويه محمد وأحمد عن علي بن يعقوب الهاشمي عن مروان ابن مسلم عن سعيد بن عمر الجعفي عن رجل من أهل مصر قال: أوصى أخي بجارية كانت له مغنية فارهة وجعلها هديا لبيت الله الحرام، فقدمت مكة فسألت فقيل لي ادفعها إلى بني شيبة وقيل لي غير ذلك من القول فاختلف على فيه، فقال لي رجل من أهل المسجدا ألا ارشدك إلى من يرشدك في هذا إلى الحق، قلت: بلى قال فأشار إلى شيخ جالس في المسجد فقال هذا جعفر بن محمد عليه السلام فاسأله
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Ibn Al Husayn Al Maysami, from his two brothers Muhammad and Ahmad, from Ali Bin Yaqoub Al Hashimy, from Marwan Ibn Muslim, from Saeed Bin Umar Al Ju’fy, from a man from the people of Egypt who said,
‘My brother bequeathed to me with a slave girl who was a skilful singer of his, and made her as a gift to the House of Allah-azwj (Kabah), the Sacred. So I proceeded to Makkah, and asked around, so it was said to me, ‘Hand her over to the Clan of Sheyba’, and it was said to me other than that from the word (in town). Thus, there was an uneasiness to me with regards to it. A man from the Masjid said to me, ‘Shall I guide you to the one who will Guide you to the Truth with regards to it?’ I said, ‘Yes’. So he gestured towards a Sheykh seated in the Masjid, and said, ‘This is Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, so ask him-asws’.
قال: فأتيته فسألته وقصصت عليه القصة، فقال: ان الكعبة لا تأكل ولا تشرب وما أهدى لها فهو لزوارها، فبع الجارية، وقم على الحجر فناد هل من منقطع به؟ وهل من محتاج من زوارها؟ فإذا أتوك فسل عنهم واعطهم واقسم فيهم ثمنها قال: فقلت له ان بعض من سألته أمرني بدفعها إلى بني شيبة، فقال: أما ان قائمنا لو قد قام لقد أخذهم وقطع أيديهم وطاف بهم وقال: هؤلاء سراق الله.
He said, ‘So I went over to him-asws, and I asked him-asws, and related to him-asws, the story. So he-asws said: ‘The Kabah neither eats nor does it drink, and whatever is gifted to it, so it is for its visitors. Therefore, sell the slave girl, and stand at the (Black) Stone, and call out, ‘Is there anyone who has been cut-off (by bandits)? And is there anyone who is needy, from the visitors to it? So if they come to you, ask about them, and give to them, and distribute among them, her price’. I said, ‘Someone I asked ordered me to hand it over to the Clan of Sheyba’. So he-asws said: ‘But, our-asws Qaim-asws, when he-asws arises, would seize them, and cut-off their hands, and circumambulate with them, and said: ‘These are the thieves (stealing from) Allah-azwj!’[18]
حدثني محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل قال حدثني علي بن الحسين السعد آبادي عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله البرقي عن أبيه باسناده عن بعض أصحابنا قال: دفعت إلى امرأة غزلا وقالت لي ادفعه بمكة ليخاط به كسوة الكعبة، فكرهت ان ادفعه إلى الحجبة وأنا اعرفهم فلما صرت إلى المدينة دخلت على أبي جعفر عليه السلام فقلت له جعلت فداك ان امرأة أعطتني غزلا وأمرتني ان ادفعه بمكة ليخاط به كسوة لكعبة فكرهت ان ادفعه إلى الحجبة فقال اشتر به عسلا وزعفرانا وخذ طين قبر أبي عبد الله عليه السلام واعجنه بماء السماء واجعل فيه شيئا من العسل والزعفران وفرقه على الشيعة ليداووا به مرضاهم.
Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkl narrated to me, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from his father, by his chain, from one of our companions who said,
‘A woman handed over an embroidered material and said to me, ‘Hand it over for it to be sewn to the covering of the Kabah. I disliked that I should hand it over to the guards (at the Kabah), and I knew them (what type of people they are). So when I went to Al-Medina, I went over to Abu Ja’far-asws, so I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! A woman gave me an embroidered material and asked me that I should hand it over at Makkah for it to be sewn to the covering of the Kabah, but I disliked it to be handed over to the guards (at the Kabah)’. He-asws said: ‘Buy some honey with it, and saffron, and take some clay from the grave of my-asws father-asws Abu Abdullah-asws (Al-Husayn-asws), and knead it with the water from the sky (rain), and put some of the honey into it and the saffron, and distribute it among the Shias for them to cure their sick ones with it’.[19]
(باب 148 – العلة التي من أجلها سمى الحج حجا)
Chapter 148 – The reason due to which the Hajj is named as Hajj
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن حماد بن عيسى عن أبان ابن عثمان عمن أخبره عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال قلت له لم سمي الحج حجا؟ قال: حج فلان أي أفلح فلان.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Aban Ibn Usman, from the one who informed him,
(It has been narrated), ‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘Why was the Hajj named as Hajj?’ He-asws said: ‘So and so has (performed) Hajj, it means so and so has succeeded’.[20]
(باب 149 – العلة التي من أجلها يجب التمتع بالعمرة إلى الحج) دون القران والافراد
Chapter 149 – The reason due to which it is Obligatory upon the Pilgrim (to perform) Umrah Tamatto, besides the pairing (Hajj & Umrah) and the individual
حدثنا أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن أبيه عن محمد ابن أبي عمير عن حماد بن عثمان عن عبيد الله بن علي الحلبي عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: ان الحج متصل بالعمرة، لان الله عزوجل يقول: (فإذا أمنتم فمن تمتع بالعمرة إلى الحج فما استيسر من الهدى) فليس ينبغي لاحد إلا أن يتمتع لان الله عزوجل أنزل ذلك في كتابه وسنه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله.
My father narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Muhammad Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad Bin Usman, from Ubeydullah Bin Ali Al Halby,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The Hajj is linked with the Umrah, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying [2:196] then when you are secure, whoever benefits by combining the Umrah with the Hajj (should take) what offering is easy to obtain. Thus, it is not befitting for any except that he should (perform Umrah) Tamatto, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed that in His-azwj Book, and it is a Sunnah of Rasool-Allah-saww’.[21]
(باب 151 – علة غسل دخول البيت)
Chapter 151 – Reason for bathing for entering the House (Kabah)
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن احمد وعبد الله ابني محمد بن عيسى عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن حماد بن عثمان عن عبيد الله بن الحلبي قال سألت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام أتغتسل النساء إذا أتين البيت؟ قال: نعم ان الله عزوجل يقول: (ان طهرا بيتي للطائفين والعاكفين والركع السجود)، فينبغي للعبد أن لا يدخل إلا وهو طاهر قد غسل عنه العرق والاذي وتطهر.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad and Abdullah, the two sons of Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad Bin Usman, from Ubeydullah Bin Al Halby who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Should the women bathe when they come to the House?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying [2:125] Purify My House for those who visit (it) and those who abide (in it) for devotion and those who bow down (and) those who prostrate themselves. Thus, it is befitting that the servant should not enter Makka unless he is clean, and has washed his sweat, and his body parts, and is clean’.[22]
(باب 152 – علة الرمل بالبيت)
Chapter 152 – Reason for trotting by the House (Kabah)
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله عن ابن فضال عن ثعلبة عن زرارة أو محمد بن مسلم قال: سألت أبا جعفر عليه السلام عن الطواف أيرمل فيه الرجل؟ فقال ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لما ان قدم مكة وكان بينه وبين المشركين الكتاب الذي قد علمتم، أمر الناس أن يتجلدوا وقال: أخرجوا أعضادكم وأخرج رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله عضديه ثم رمل بالبيت ليريهم انهم لم يصبهم جهد، فمن أجل ذلك يرمل الناس واني لامشي مشيا، وقد كان علي بن الحسين يمشي مشيا.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Ibn Fazaal, from Sa’ajba, from Zarara or Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the circumambulation, should the man walk briskly in it?’ So he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww, when he-saww proceeded to Makka, and there was in between him-saww and the Polytheists was the writing (agreement) which you know, ordered the people that they should become firm. And he-saww said: ‘Bring out your shoulders!’ And Rasool-Allah-saww brought out his-saww shoulder, then trotted (walked briskly) by the House (Kabah), in order to show them they had not been struck by strain (i.e., the circumambulations is effortless for them). So, it is due to that the people are trotting, and I-asws walk a middle pace, and Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws used to walk a middle pace’.[23]
وبهذا الاسناد عن ثعلبة عن يعقوب الاحمر قال: قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام كان في غزوة الحديبية وادع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله أهل مكة ثلاث سنين ثم دخل فقضي نسكه، فمر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله بنفر من أصحابه جلوس في فناء الكعبة فقال هؤلاء قومكم على رؤس الجبال لا يرونكم فيروا فيكم ضعفا، قال فقاموا فشدوا أزرهم وشدوا ايديهم على اوساطهم ثم رملوا.
And by this chain, from Sa’alba, from Yaqoub Al-Ahmar who said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And it was in the military expedition of Hudeybiyya, and Rasool-Allah-saww left the people of Makkah for three years. Then he-saww entered and fulfilled his-saww rituals. So, Rasool-Allah-saww passed by a number of his-saww companions sitting in the courtyard of the Kabah. So he-saww said: ‘They are your people on top of the mountain looking at you, so they would see you as weakened’. He-asws said: ‘So they arose, tightened their trousers, and pulled their hands around their midst, then trotted’.[24]
(باب 153 – العلة التي من أجلها لم يتمتع النبي صلى الله عليه وآله) (بالعمرة إلى الحج، وأمر بالتمتع)
Chapter 153 – The reason due to which the Prophet-saww did not (combine) the Umrah Tamatto with the Hajj, and ordered with the (performance of Umrah) Tamatto
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن محمد بن عمير عن حماد عن الحلبي عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال خرج رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله حين حج حجة الوداع خرج في أربع بقين من ذي القعدة حتى أتى مسجد الشجرة فصلى بها ثم قاد راحلته حتى أتى البيداء فأحرم منها وأهل بالحج وساق مائة بدنة وأحرم الناس كلهم بالحج لا يريدون عمرة، ولا يدرون ما المتعة،
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Umeyr, from hamaad, from Al Halby,
Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww went out for Hajj, the Farewell Pilgrimage, in the four days remaining from (month of) Ziqaad, until he-saww came to a Masjid Al-Shajara. So he-saww Prayed at it. Then he-saww guided his-saww camel until he-saww came to Al-Bayda. So he-saww wore his-saww Ihraam, and started with the Hajj, and ushered one hundred camels. And the people put on their Ihraams, all of them for the Hajj, neither intending Umrah, nor knowing what Al-Tamatto was.
حتى إذا قدم رسول الله مكة طاف بالبيت وطاف الناس معه ثم صلى ركعتين عند مقام ابراهيم واستلم الحجر ثم أتى زمزم فشرب منها وقال لو لا أن اشق على امتي لاستقيت منها ذنوبا أو ذنوبين
When Rasool-Allah-saww set foot in Makkah, circumambulated by the House (Kabah), and the people circumambulated with him-saww. Then he-saww Prayed two Cycles at the standing place of Ibrahim-as (مقام ابراهيم), and kissed the (Black) Stone. Then he-saww came to Zamzam, so he-saww drank from it, and said: ‘Had it not been difficult upon my-saww community, I-saww would have drunk a bucket or two buckets from it’.
ثم قال ابدؤا بما بدء الله عزوجل به فأتى الصفا فبدأ به ثم طاف بين الصفا والمروة سبعا، فلما قضي طوافه عند المروة قام فخطب اصحابه وأمرهم أن يحلوا ويجعلوها عمرة وهو شئ أمر الله عزوجل به فأحل الناس وقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لو كنت استقبلت من أمرى ما استدبرت لفعلت كما أمرتكم ولكن لم يكن يستطيع أن يحل من أجل الهدى الذي معه ان الله عزوجل يقول: (ولا تحلقوا رؤسكم حتى يبلغ الهدي محله)
Then he-saww said: ‘Begin with what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic began with. So he-saww came to Al-Safa, so he-saww began with it. Then he-saww circumambulated by it seven times. So when he-saww completed his-saww circumambulation at Al-Marwa, he-saww stood to sermon his-saww companions, and ordered them that they should free (themselves from the Ihraam, and make it an Umrah, and it was something which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Commanded with. So the people freed (themselves from the Ihraam), and Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Had I-saww faced from my-saww affairs what I-saww did from my-saww past, I-saww would have done just as what I-saww am ordering you to do, but I-saww do not have the leeway for it that I-saww should free myself-saww (from Ihraam), due to the sacrificial animals which are with me-saww, that Allah-azwj is Saying [2:196] and do not shave your heads until the offering reaches its destination’.
فقام سراقة بن مالك بن جشعم الكناني فقال: يا رسول الله علمنا ديننا كأنا خلقنا اليوم، أرأيت هذا الذي أمرتنا به لعامنا هذا أم لكل عام؟ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: لا بل للابد، وان رجلا قام فقال يا رسول الله نخرج حجابا ورؤسنا تقطر من النساء؟ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله إنك لن تؤمن بها ابدا
So Saraqat Bin Maalik Bin Ja’asham Al-Kanany stood up and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww are teaching us our Religion as if we have been Created today. What is your-saww view of this which you-saww are ordering us with. Is this for this year of ours or for every year?’ So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘No, but it is forever’. And a man stood up, so he said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! We should emerge from our veils and our heads are dripping (with water) from the women?’ So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘You all will never believe in it, ever!’
وأقبل علي عليه السلام من اليمن حتى وافي الحج فوجد فاطمة عليها السلام قد أحلت ووجد ريح الطيب فانطلق إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله عليها السلام فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: يا علي بأي شئ اهللت؟ فقال أهللت بما أهل النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فقال لا تحل أنت، وأشركه في هديه وجعل له من الهدى سبعا وثلاثين ونحر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ثلاثا وستين نحرها بيده،
And Ali-asws came over from Yemen until he-asws fulfilled the Hajj. So he-asws found Syeda Fatima-asws who had freed (herself-asws from the Ihraam), and found the smell of perfume. So he-asws went to Rasool-Allah-saww,. So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! By which thing will you-asws free (yourself-asws from the Ihraam)?’ So he-asws said: ‘By what the Prophet-saww will free (himself-saww from the Ihraam)’. So he-saww said: ‘You-saww, don’t free (yourself-asws from the Ihraam)’. And he-saww participated him-asws in his-saww sacrifice, and made for him-asws, from the sacrifice, thirty seven (sacrificial animals), and Rasool-Allah-saww sacrificed sixty three animals with his-saww own hands.
ثم أخذ من كل بدنة بضعة فجعلها في قدر واحد ثم أمر به فطبخ فأكلا منها وحسوا من المرق فقال قد أكلنا الآن منها جميعا فالمتعة أفضل من القارن السايق الهدى وخير من الحج المفرد، وقال: إذا استمتع الرجل بالعمرة، فقد قضى ما عليه من فريضة المتعة.
Then he-saww took, from every (sacrificed) camel, a part, and made it one saucepan, then ordered for it to be cooked. So they-asws both ate from it, and a little bit of the gravy. So he-saww said: ‘We-asws have eaten now from all of these. Thus, the Tamatto is preferable than the Qaaran (pairing), the usher of the sacrificial animals, and better than the singular Hajj’. And he-saww said: ‘So when the man has satisfied himself with the Umrah, so he has fulfilled what is (obligated) upon him from the Obligation of the Mata’to (umrah)’.[25]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن يعقوب ابن يزيد عن محمد بن أبي عمير وصفوان بن يحيى عن معاوية بن عمار عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله في حجة الوداع لما فرغ من السعي قام عند المروة فخطب الناس فحمد الله وأثنى عليه ثم قال يا معشر الناس هذا جبرئيل وأشار بيده إلى خلفه يأمرني ان آمر من لم يسق هديا أن يحل، ولو استقبلت من أمري ما استدبرت لفعلت كما أمرتكم ولكني سقت الهدى وليس لسايق الهدى أن يحل حتى يبلغ الهدى محله
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Yaqoub Ibn Yazeed, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr and Safwan Bin Yahya, from Muawiya Bin Amaar,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said during the Farewell Pilgrimage, when he-saww was free from the Sa’ee, stood at Al-Marwa, and preached the people. So He-saww Praised Allah-azwj and Extolled Him-azwj, then said: ‘O group of the people! This is Jibraeel-as’ – and he-saww gestured by his-as hand to his-saww back – ‘He-as is ordering me-saww that I-saww should order then one who did not usher a sacrificial animal that he should free (himself from Ihraam), and Had I-saww faced from my-saww affairs what I-saww did from my-saww past, I-saww would have done just as what I-saww am ordering you to do, but, I-saww am ushering the sacrificial animals, and it is not for the usherer of the sacrificial animals that he should free (himself from the Ihraam) until the sacrifice reaches its place’.
فقام إليه سراقة بن مالك بن جشعم الكناني فقال يا رسول الله علمنا ديننا فكأنا خلقنا اليوم أرأيت هذا الذي أمرتنا به لعامنا أم لكل عام؟ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: لا بل للابد، وان رجلا قام فقال يا رسول الله نخرج حجابا ورؤسنا تقطر من النساء؟ فقال له رسول الله إنك لن تؤمن بها ابدا
So Saraqat Bin Maalik Bin Ja’asham Al-Kanany stood up and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww are teaching us our Religion as if we have been Created today. What is your-saww view of this which you-saww are ordering us with. Is this for this year of ours or for every year?’ So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘No, but it is forever’. And a man stood up, so he said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! We should emerge from our veils and our heads are dripping (with water) from the women?’ So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘You all will never believe in it, ever!’[26]
حدثنا أبي ومحمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد (رض) قالا حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن القاسم بن محمد الاصبهاني عن سليمان بن داود المنقري عن فضيل بن عياض قال: سألت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام عن اختلاف الناس في الحج فبعضهم يقول: خرج رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله مهلا بالحج، وقال بعضهم مهلا بالعمرة وقال بعضهم خرج قارنا، وقال بعضهم خرج ينتظر أمر الله عزوجل،
My father and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed both narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad Al Asbahany, from Suleyman Bin Dawood Al Manqary, from Fazeyl Bin Ayaaz who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the differing of the people with regards to Hajj, so some of them are saying, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww went out only for the Hajj’, and some of them say, ‘Only for the Umrah’, and some of them say, ‘Went out for both’ and some of them say, ‘Went out awaiting the Command of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.
فقال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام علم الله عزوجل أنها حجة لا يحج رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله بعدها ابدا فجمع الله عزوجل له ذلك كله في سفرة واحدة ليكون جميع ذلك سنة لامته، فلما طاف بالبيت وبالصفا والمروة أمره جبرئيل عليه السلام أن يجعلها عمرة إلا من كان معه هدي فهو محبوس على هديه لا يحل لقوله عزوجل (حتى يبلغ الهدي محله)
So Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Knew that it was a Hajj, and Rasool-Allah-saww would not be performing a Hajj after it, ever. So, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Gathered all of that for him-saww in one journey in order for all of that to become a Sunnah for his-saww community. So when he-saww circumambulated by the House (Kabah), and by Al-Safa and Al-Marwa, Jibraeel-as (came with an) Order for him-as that he-saww should make it an Umrah, except for the one who had a sacrificial animal with him. Thus, he-saww was restricted due to his-saww sacrificial animal, not freeing himself-saww (from the Ihraam), due to the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [2:196] until the offering reaches its destination.
فجمعت له العمرة والحج وكان خرج على خروج العرب الاول، لان العرب كانت لا تعرف إلا الحج وهو في ذلك ينتظر أمر الله تعالى وهو يقول عليه السلام: ” الناس على أمر جاهليتهم إلا ما غيره الاسلام ” وكانوا لا يرون العمرة في أشهر الحج
So He-saww Gathered together the Umrah and the Hajj for him-saww, and he-saww had gone away from (the norms of) the previous Arabs, because the previous Arabs did not recognise except for the Hajj, and he-saww, with regards to that, was awaiting the Commands of Allah-azwj the High, and these are his-saww words: ‘The people are upon the affairs of their (era of) ignorance except for what Al-Islam changed, and they did not use to see the Umrah to be in the month of the Hajj.
فشق على اصحابه حين قال اجعلوها عمرة لانهم كانوا لا يعرفون العمرة في أشهر الحج، وهذا الكلام من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله إنما كان في الوقت الذي أمرهم فيه بفسخ الحج فقال دخلت العمرة في الحج إلى يوم القيامة وشبك بين اصابعه – يعني في اشهر الحج –
So, that was grievous upon his-saww companions where he-saww said: ‘Make it to be an Umrah’, because they were not used to recognising the Umrah to be in the month of Al-Hajj. And this is the speech from Rasool-Allah-saww. But rather, it was during the time which he-saww ordered them to revoke the Hajj, so he-saww said: ‘I-saww have entered to Umrah to be in the Hajj up to the Day of Judgement’ – and he-saww clasped his-saww fingers – meaning in the month of the Hajj’.
قلت أفيعتد بشئ من أمر الجاهلية؟ فقال ان اهلك الجاهلية ضيعوا كل شئ من دون ابراهيم عليه السلام إلا الختان والتزويج والحج فانهم تمسكوا بها ولم يضيعوها.
I said, ‘Is there anything significant from the matters of the era of ignorance (Pre-Islamic period)?’ So he-saww said: ‘The ignorant one destroyed and wasted everything from Ibrahim-as except for the circumcision, the marriage, and the Hajj, so they had attached themselves to these and did not waste these’.[27]
(باب 154 – العلة التي من أجلها لم يعذب ماء زمزم وصار غورا)
Chapter 154 – The reason due to which the water of Zamzam is not fresh, and became sunken
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن عقبة عمن رواه عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال كانت زمزم أبيض من اللبن وأحلى من الشهد وكانت سايحة فبغت على المياه، فأغارها الله عزوجل، وأجرى إليها عينا من صبر.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Uqba, from the one who reported it,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The Zamzam used to be whiter than the milk, and sweeter than the honey, and it was flowing over the ground. So it overcame the (other) waters surprisingly. So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sunk it and Caused a bitter spring of to flow over it’.[28]
(باب 155 – العلة التي من أجلها يعذب ماء زمزم في وقت دون وقت)
Chapter 155 – The reason due to which the water of Zamzam freshens time to time
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثني محمد بن يحيى العطار عن احمد بن محمد عن ابن فضال عن ابن عقبة عن بعض أصحابنا عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: ذكر ماء زمزم فقال: تجري إليها عين من تحت الحجر فإذا غلب ماء العين عذب ماء زمزم.
My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to me, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazaal, from Ibn Uqba, from one of our companions,
Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘The water of Zamzam was mentioned, so he-asws said: ‘A spring comes from underneath the (Black) Stone and flows over it, so when the water of the spring overcomes, it freshens the water of Zamzam’.[29]
(باب 156 – علة تحريم المسجد والحرم ووجوب الاحرام)
Chapter 156 – The sanctity of the Masjid and the Sanctuary, and the Obligation of the Ihraam
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد عن العباس بن معروف عن بعض اصحابنا عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: حرم المسجد لعلة الكعبة، وحرم الحرام لعلة المسجد، ووجب الاحرام لعلة الاحرام.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from one of our companions,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The sanctity of the Masjid is for the reason of the Kabah, and sanctity of the Sanctuary is for the reason of the Masjid, and the Obligation of the Ihraam is due to the sanctity’.[30]
حدثنا أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن محمد بن أحمد ابن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري عن الحسن بن الحسين اللؤلؤي عن عبد الله بن محمد الحجال عن بعض رجاله عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: ان الله تبارك وتعالى جعل الكعبة قبلة لاهل المسجد، وجعل المسجد قبلة لاهل الحرم، وجعل الحرم قبلة لاهل الدنيا.
My father narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Ibn Yahya Bin Imran Al Ashary, from Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn Lului, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Hajal, from one of his men,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High Made the Kabah as a Qiblah (Direction) for the people of the Masjid, and Made the Masjid as a Qiblah for the people of the Sanctuary, and Made the Sanctuary as a Qiblah for the people of the world’.[31]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا محمد ابن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن عثمان بن عيسى عن أبي المغرا حميد بن المثنى العجلي عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: كانت بنو اسرائيل إذا قربت القربان تخرج نارا فتأكل القربان من قبل منه، وإن الله تبارك وتعالى جعل الاحرام مكان القربان.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Usman Bin Isa, from Abu Al Magra Hameed Bin Al Masny Al Ajaly,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The Children of Israel, whenever they offered an offering, a flame used to come out and it would consume the offering from in front of them, and Allah-azwj Blessed and High Made the Sanctuary as a place of the offerings’.[32]
(باب 157 – علة التلبية)
Chapter 157 – Reason for the Talbiyyah (لبيك اللهم لبيك)
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا الحسين بن محمد بن عامر عن عمه عبد الله بن عامر عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن حماد بن عثمان عن عبيد الله بن علي الحلبي عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: سألته لم جعلت التلبية؟ فقال ان الله عزوجل أوحى إلى ابراهيم (ع) (واذن في الناس بالحج يأتوك رجالا) فنادى فأجيب من كل فج عميق يلبون.
My father narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Aamir, from his uncle Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad Bin usman, from Ubeydullah Ali Al Halby,
(The narrator says), ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Why was the Talbiyya Made to be?’ So he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Ibrahim-as [22:27] And proclaim among the people for the Pilgrimage: they will come to you on foot. So he-as called out, so they were coming from every remote path, answering’.[33]
حدثنا علي بن أحمد بن محمد رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا أبو الحسين محمد ابن جعفر الاسدي عن سهل بن زياد الآدمي عن جعفر بن عثمان الدارمي عن سليمان بن جعفر قال: سألت أبا الحسن (ع) عن التلبية وعلتها؟ فقال ان الناس إذا أحرموا ناداهم الله تعالى ذكره فقال: عبادي وامائي لاحر منكم علي النار كما احرمتم لي، فيقولون: لبيك اللهم لبيك، اجابة لله عزوجل على ندائه إياهم.
Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Abu Al Husayn Muhammad Ibn Ja’far Al Asady, from Sahl Bin Ziyad Al Admy, from Ja’far Bin Usman Al Daramy, from Suleyman Bin Ja’far who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about the Talbiyya and its reason?’ So he-asws said: ‘When the people had worn their Ihraam, Allah-azwj, Elevated is His-azwj Mention, Called out to them, so He-azwj Said: “My-azwj servants and My-azwj maids! I-azwj Forbid the Fire from you just as you have forbidden (certain things) for Me-azwj”. Thus they are saying, ‘Here I am, O Allah-azwj, here I am! (لبيك اللهم لبيك), Answering to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic upon His-azwj Calling out to them’.[34]
Muhammad Bin Al Qasim Al Astarabady, the commentator, narrated to us, from Yusuf Bin Muhammad Bin Ziyad and Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Yasar, from their two fathers,
(It has been narrated) from Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws Ibn Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘
حدثنا محمد بن القاسم الاسترابادي المفسر رضي الله عنه قال حدثني يوسف بن محمد بن زياد وعلي بن محمد بن يسار عن أبويهما عن الحسن بن علي ابن محمد بن علي بن موسى بن جعفر بن محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن أبي طالب عليهم السلام قال جاء رجل إلى الرضا (ع) فقال يابن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله أخبرني عن قول الله عزوجل الحمد الله رب العالمين ما تفسيره؟ فقال: لقد حدثني أبي عن جدي عن الباقر عن زين العابدين عن أبيه عليهم السلام ان رجلا جاء إلى أمير المؤمنين (ع) فقال أخبرني عن قول الله عزوجل الحمد الله رب العالمين ما تفسيره؟ فقال: الحمد الله هو ان عرف عباده بعض نعمه عليهم جملا، إذ لا يقدرون على معرفة جميعها بالتفصيل لانها أكثر من أن تحصى أو تعرف
‘A man came to Al-Reza-asws and said: ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, inform me about the Words of Allah-azwj (الحمد لله رب العالمين) “The Praise is for Allah, Lord of the worlds”, what is its explanation?’ He-asws said: ‘My father-asws narrated to me-asws from my forefather Al-Baqir-asws from Zayn-ul-Abideen-asws that a person came to Amir-ul-Momineen-asws and said: ‘Inform me about the Words of Allah-azwj ‘الحمد لله رب العالمين’, what is its explanation?’ He-asws said: “The Praise is for Allah, Lord of the worlds”, it is the recognition by him of some of Allah-azwj’s Bounties to him, in summary, as he does not have the ability to recognise all of them in detail, because they are too numerous to list and know.
فقال لهم: قولوا الحمد لله على ما انعم به علينا رب العالمين، وهم الجماعات من كل مخلوق من الجمادات والحيوانات، أو الحيوانات فهو يقلبها في قدرته ويغذوها من رزقه ويحوطها بكنفه ويدبر كلا منها بمصلحته، وأما الجمادات فهو يمسكها بقدرته يمسك المتصل منها ان يتهافت ويمسك المتهافت منها أن يتلاصق ويمسك السماء أن تقع على الارض إلا باذنه ويمسك الارض ان تنخسف إلا بأمره انه بعباده لرؤف رحيم
He-asws said to them: ‘Say the Words “The Praise is for Allah” for the Bounties that have been bestowed. “Lord of the Worlds” includes the communities of all creatures from the vegetation and animals. As for the animals, he has placed in their hearts ability to fend for themselves and also all about for their betterment. And as for the vegetation, He-azwj Maintains it by His-azwj Power, and Maintains it, and Holds the sky so that it does not fall down on the earth except by His-azwj Permission, and the earth does not collapse except by His-azwj Command, He-azwj is Gracious and Merciful to His-azwj servants.’
قال (ع) رب العالمين مالكهم وخالقهم وسايق أرزاقهم إليهم من حيث هم يعلمون ومن حيث لا يعلمون، والرزق مقسوم وهو يأتي ابن آدم على أي سيرة سارها من الدنيا ليس تقوى متقى بزايدة ولا فجور فاجر بناقصة وبيننا وبينه ستر وهو طالبه ولو ان احدكم يفر من رزقه لطلبه رزقه كما يطلبه الموت،
He-asws said: ‘And “Lord of the worlds” means that He-azwj is their Master and their Creator and gives them sustenance from whether they know whether they know not. Sustenance has been categorized, and He-azwj gives to the son of Adam-asws equally regardless of which way he adopts. The pious does not get more due to his piety nor does the mischief maker get less due to his mischief. Between him and his sustenance that he strives for there is a veil. If any of you do not go and seek his sustenance, then sustenance will seek him out like death seeks him out.
فقال الله جل جلاله: قولوا الحمد الله على ما أنعم به علينا، وذكرنا به من خبر في كتب الاولين قبل أن نكون، ففي هذا إيجاب على محمد وآل محمد وعلى شيعتهم أن يشكروه بما فضلهم
So Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, Said: “Keep saying ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj’ for the Blessings that have been Favoured upon us, we have been Mentioned by it with the goodness in the previous Books beforehand before we came into being’”. Thus, it is with regards to this it is an Obligation to Muhammad-saww and his-saww Pure Progeny-asws and their-asws Shias that they should thank Him-azwj with what He-azwj has Graced them.
وذلك ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال: لما بعث الله عزوجل موسى بن عمران عليه السلام واصطفاه نجيا وفلق له البحر ونجى بني اسرائيل وأعطاه التوراة والالواح ورأي مكانه من ربه عزوجل فقال يا رب لقد أكرمتني بكرامة لم تكرم بها احدا قبلي فقال الله جل جلاله: يا موسى أما علمت ان محمدا أفضل عندي من جميع ملائكتي وجميع خلقي
And that is, that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majesti Sent Musa-as Bin Imran-as and Chose him-as for salvation and Parted for him -as the sea and Rescued the Children of Israel, and Gave him-as Torah and the Tablets, he-as surveyed his own position and said to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and said: ‘O Lord -azwj! You-azwj have Honoured me -as and my -as community like none other before me -as.’ So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: ‘O Musa! Do you know that Muhammad-saww is higher in My-azwj Presence than the entirety of My-azwj Angels and the entirety of My-azwj creation?’
قال موسى: يا رب فان كان محمد أكرم عندك من جميع خلقك فهل في آل الانبياء أكرم من آلي؟ قال الله جل جلاله يا موسى أما علمت ان أفضل آل محمد على جميع النبيين كفضل محمد على جميع المرسلين،
Musa-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! If Muhammad-saww is higher than all that You-azwj have Created, is there any progeny higher than my-as progeny?’ Allah-azwj Said: ‘Do you know that the loftiness of the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww over the progeny of all the Prophets-as is like the loftiness of Muhammad-saww above all the Mursils-as?
فقال موسى يا رب فان كان آل محمد كذلك فهل في أمم الانبياء افضل عندك من أمتي، ظللت عليهم الغمام وأنزلت عليهم المن والسلوى وفلقت لهم البحر؟ فقال الله جل جلاله يا موسى أما علمت ان فضل امة محمد على جميع الامم كفضله على جميع خلقي
So Musa-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! So if the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww are like that, so is there among the communities of the Prophets-as anyone preferable in You-azwj Presence than my-as community, You-azwj Shaded the cloud upon them, and Sent down upon them the Manna and the Quails, and Parted the sea for them?’ So Allah-azwj Mighty is His-azwj Majesty, Said: “O Musa-as! But, do you-as know that the preference of the community of Muhammad-saww over the entirety of the communities is like his-saww preference over the entirety of My-azwj creatures?’
فقال موسى: يا رب ليتني كنت أراهم فأوحى الله عزوجل إليه يا موسى إنك لن تراهم وليس هذا أو ان ظهورهم وكن سوف تراهم في الجنان جنات عدن والفردوس بحضرة محمد في نعيمها يتقلبون وفي خيراتها يتحبحون، افتحب ان اسمعك كلامهم؟ قال نعم يا إلهي
So Musa-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! If only I-as could see them’. So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to him-as: “O Musa-as! You-as will never see them, and they have not yet appeared, and very soon you-as will see then in the Gardens, the Garden of Eden and Al-Firdows in the presence of Muhammad-as in its Bounties, turning in its resources. Would you-as like to hear their speech?” He-as said: ‘Yes, O my-as God-azwj!’
قال الله جل جلاله قم بيدي واشدد ميزرك قيام العبد الذليل بين يدي الملك الجليل ففعل ذلك موسى (ع) فنادى ربنا عزوجل: يا امة محمد فأجابوه كلهم وهم في أصلاب آبائهم وأرحام امهاتم لبيك اللهم لبيك لا شريك لك لبيك ان الحمد والنعمة لك والملك لا شريك لك، قال فجعل الله عزوجل تلك الاجابة شعار الحج،
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “Stand in from of Me-azwj like a disgraced servant stands before his majestic master”. Musa-as did that. Our Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic Called out: “O community of Muhammadsaw”. And they answered Him-azwj, all of them, and they were in the loins of their fathers and the wombs of their mothers, ‘Here we are, O Allah-azwj here we are! There is no Partner with You-azwj we are here! Surely the Praise and Goodness and Kingship is for You with no Partner!’ So Allahsaw Mighty and Majestic that answer as a slogan for the Hajj’.
ثم نادى ربنا تعالى: يا امة محمد إن قضائي عليكم ان رحمتي سبقت غضبي وعفوي قبل عقابي فقد استجبت لكم من قبل أن تدعوني واعطيتكم من قبل أن تسألوني من لقيني منكم بشهادة أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له وان محمدا عبده ورسوله صادق في أقواله محق في أفعاله، وان علي بن أبي طالب أخوه ووصيه من بعده ووليه ملتزم طاعته كما يلزم طاعة محمد، وان أوليائه المصطفين المطهرين الميامين بعجائب آيات الله ودلائل حجج الله من بعدهما أوليائه أدخله جنتي وإن كانت ذنوبه مثل زبد البحر،
Then our Lord-azwj the High Called out: “O community of Muhammad-saww! I-azwj have Decreed it that for you My-azwj Mercy will overcome My-azwj Anger, and My-azwj Forgiveness will overcome My-azwj Punishment, I-azwj Will Answer you before you even supplicate to Me-azwj, and I-azwj will Give you before you even ask for it. Whoever of you testifies that there is no god but Allah-azwj, One without any partner, and that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and Rasool-saww, being true in his-saww speech, correct in his-saww deeds and that Ali-asws Ibn Abi Talib-asws is his-saww brother and his-saww successor and his-saww guardian from after him-saww and has a commitment to obey him-asws just like the obedience to Muhammad-saww; and their children-saww are the chosen ones, Purified, are Signs of Allah-azwj and Proofs of Allah-azwj and are their-asws successors after them-asws, I shall make him enter Paradise even though his sins may be as numerous as the foam of the sea.
قال فلما بعث الله تعالى محمد صلى الله عليه وآله قال يا محمد وما كنت بجانب الطور إذ نادينا امتك بهذه الكرامة، ثم قال عزوجل لمحمد قل: الحمد الله رب العالمين على ما اختصني به من هذه الفضيلة، وقال لامته وقولوا أنتم: الحمد الله رب العالمين على ما اختصنا به من هذه الفضائل.
He-asws said: ‘So when Allah-azwj Sent our Prophet-saww, Said [28:46] And you were not on the side of the Toor when We Called out with these Honours’. Then the Mighty and Majestic Said to Muhammad-saww: “Say: [1:2] The praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, upon what He-azwj has Specialised me-saww from these merits’” And He-azwj Said to his-saww community: “And you all should be saying, ‘[1:2] The praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, and what we have been Specialised by, from these merits’”.[35]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن احمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن العباس بن معروف عن علي بن مهزيار، عن حماد بن عيسى، عن أبان بن عثمان عمن أخبره عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: قلت له لم سميت التلبية تلبية؟ قال: إجابة اجاب موسى (ع) ربه.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Aban Bin Usman, from the one who informed him,
Abu Ja’far-asws, said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Why was the Talbiyya named as Talbiyya?’ He-asws said: ‘In response to the answer of Musa-as to his-as Lord-azwj’.[36]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار قال حدثنا الحسين بن اسحاق التاجر، عن علي بن مهزيار، عن الحسين بن سعيد عن عثمان بن عيسى وعلي بن الحكيم عن الفضل بن صالح عن جابر عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: أحرم موسى (ع) من رملة مصر ومر بصفائح الروحاء محرما يقود ناقته بخطام من ليف فلبى تجيبه الجبال.
My father narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Al Husayn Bin Is’haq Al Tajar, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Usman Bin Isa and Ali Bin Al Hakeem, from Al Fazal Bin Salih, from Jabir,
Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘Musa-as wore Ihraam from Ramla of Egypt, and passed by Safa’ih Al-Rawha (still) wearing Ihraam, guided his-as camel by its bridle, so the mountain exclaimed Talbiyya in response to him-as’.[37]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن احمد بن الوليد قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن علي بن مهزيار عن حماد بن عيسى عن الحسين ابن المختار عن أبي بصير قال سمعت أبا جعفر (ع) يقول مر موسى بن عمران (ع) في سبعين نبيا على فجاج الروحاء على جمل احمر خطامه ليف عليهم العباء القطوانية يقول: لبيك عبدك وابن عبدك لبيك.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Ibn Al Mukhtar, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘Musa Bin Imran-as passed among seventy Prophets upon al Rawha saddle, upon a red camel, holding its bridle, wearing a Qatwany cloak, saying: ‘Here I-as am Your-azwj servant, son of Your-azwj servant, here I-as am!’[38]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري عن ابراهيم بن مهزيار عن أخيه علي بن مهزيار عن ابن أبي عمير عن هشام بن الحكم عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: مر موسى النبي (ع) بصفائح الروحاء على جمل احمر خطامه من ليف عليه عبايتان قطوانيتان وهو يقول لبيك يا كريم لبيك،
My father narrated to us, from Abdullah Bin Ja;far Al Humeyri, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his brother Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The Prophet-as Musa-as passed by the glens, upon a red camel, holding its bridle, and upon him-as were two Qatwany cloaks, and he-as was saying: ‘Here I-as am, O benevolent, here I-as am!’.
ومر يونس بن متى (ع) بصفايح الروحاء وهو يقول: لبيك كشاف الكرب العظام لبيك،
And Yunus Bin Mata-as passed by the glens, and he-as was saying: ‘Here I-as am, Remover of anguish of the bones, here I-as am!’
ومر عيسى بن مريم عليه السلام بصفائح الروحاء وهو يقول لبيك عبدك وابن امتك لبيك،
And Isa-as Bin Maryam-as passed by the glens, and he-as was saying: ‘Here I-as am, Your-azwj servant, and son-as of Your-azwj maid-as, here I-as am!’
ومر محمد صلى الله عليه وآله بصفائح الروحاء وهو يقول: لبيك ذا المعارج لبيك.
And Muhammad-saww passed by the glens, and he-saww was saying: ‘Here I-saww am, O Lofty One, here I-saww am!’[39]
(باب 158 – العلة التي من أجلها يكون في الناس من يحج حجة) (وفيهم من يحج حجتين أو اكثر، وفيهم من لا يحج أبدا)
Chapter 158 – The reason due to which there becomes among the people, one who performs one Hajj, and among them is one who performs Hajj twice or more, and among them is one who does not perform Hajj, ever
أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن عبد الله بن سنان، عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال لما أمر الله عزوجل ابراهيم واسماعيل عليهم السلام ببنيان البيت وتم بناءه أمره أن يصعدر كنا ثم ينادي في الناس ألا هلم الحج هلم الحج فلو نادى هلموا إلى الحج لم يحج إلا من كان يومئذ إنسيا مخلوقا ولكنه نادى هلم الحج فلبى الناس في أصلاب الرجال لبيك داعي الله لبيك داعي الله، فمن لبى عشرا حج عشرا، ومن لبى خمسا حج خمسا ومن لبى اكثر فبعدد ذلك ومن لبى واحدا حج واحد ومن لم يلب لم يحج.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded Ibrahim-as and Ismail-as with the (Re-)building of the House (Kabah), and it’s building was complete, Commanded him-as that he-as should ascend at one of its corners, then call out among the people: ‘Indeed! Come for Hajj! Come for Hajj!’ Had he-as said: ‘Come you all for Hajj!’, nobody would have performed Hajj except for the one who was in those days, the humans, people’. But he-as called out: ‘Come for Hajj!’ So the people who were in the loins of the men, exclaimed, ‘Here I am, Inviter to Allah-azwj, here I am!’ So the one who responded with ten exclamations performs ten Hajj, and the one who exclaimed five, performs five Hajj, and the one who exclaimed more, so he performs by the number of that, and the one who exclaimed once, so he performs Hajj once, and the one who did not exclaim, does not perform Hajj’.[40]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا احمد وعلي وابناء الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن أبيهما عن غالب بن عثمان عن رجل من أصحابنا عن أبي جعفر (ع) قال: ان الله جل جلاله لما أمر ابراهيم (ع) ينادي في الناس بالحج قام على المقام فارتفع به حتى صار بازاء أبي قبيس فنادى في الناس بالحج فأسمع من في اصلاب الرجال وارحام النساء إلى أن تقوم الساعة.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad and Ali, the two sons of Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazal, from their two fathers, from Ghalib Bin Usman, from a man, from our companions,
Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘When Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, Commanded Ibrahim-as to call out among the people for the Hajj, he-as stood upon the standing place (المقام). So he-as raised his-as voice until he-as faced the Mount Abu Qubays, and called out among the people with the Hajj. So it was heard by the ones who were in the loins of the men and the wombs of the women up to the Establishment of the Hour’.[41]
حدثنا علي بن أحمد بن محمد قال حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله الكوفي عن موسى بن عمران النخعي عن عمه الحسين بن يزيد النوفلي عن علي بن سالم عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: من لم يكتب له في الليلة التي يفرق فيها كل أمر حكيم لم يحج تلك السنة وهي ليلة ثلاث وعشرين من شهر رمضان لان فيها يكتب وفد الحاج وفيها يكتب الارزاق والآجال وما يكون من السنة إلى السنة قال قلت فمن لم يكتب في ليلة القدر لم يستطع الحج فقال لا قلت كيف يكون هذا؟ قال لست في خصومتكم من شئ هكذا الامر.
Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Musa Bin Imran Al Nakhaie, from his uncle Al Husayn Bin Yazeed Al Nowfaly, from ali Bin Salim,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The one for whom it is not Ordain during the Night in which [44:4] every wise affair is made distinct, would not be performing Hajj during that year, and it is the night of the twenty third from the Month of Ramazan, because, in it are Ordained, the delegations of the Hajj, and in it are Ordained, the livelihoods and the terms (of life), and what would be happening during the year up to the year’. I said, ‘If it is not Ordained during the Night of Pre-destination (ليلة القدر), he would not have the ability for the Hajj?’ So he-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘How can this happen?’ He-asws said: ‘I-asws am not going to be indulging in disputes with you all for anything. The matter is like this’.[42]
(باب 159 – العلة التي من أجلها صار الحرم مقدار ما هو)
Chapter 159 – The reason due to which the Sanctuary came to be of the measurement what it is
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن أبيه عن أحمد بن محمد بن أبي نصر البزنطي قال سألت أبا الحسن الرضا (ع) عن الحرم واعلامه كيف صار بعضها اقرب من بعض وبعضها أبعد من بعض؟ فقال ان الله تعالى لما اهبط آدم من الجنة اهبطه على أبي قبيس فشكى إلى ربه عزوجل الوحشة وانه لا يسمع ما كان يسمع في الجنة فأهبط الله تعالى عليه ياقوتة حمراء فوضعها في موضع البيت فكان يطوف بها آدم عليه السلام وكان ضوؤها يبلغ موضع الاعلام فعلمت الاعلام على ضوئها فجعله الله عزوجل حرما.
My father narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr Al Bazanty who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws about the Sanctuary and its markings, how come so of it came to be near to some, and some remote from some?’ So he-asws said: ‘When Allah-azwj the High Sent down Adam-as from the Paradise, Sent him-as down upon Mount Abu Qubays. So he-as complained to his-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic, of the loneliness, and he-as could no longer hear what he-as used to hear in the Paradise. So, Allah-azwj the High Sent down unto him-as, a red sapphire, so he-as placed it in the place of the House. So, Adam-as used to circumambulate by it, and its illumination reached the place of the markings. Thus, he-as knew the markings to be up to its illumination. Therefore, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made it to be a sanctuary’.[43]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد (رض) قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن أبي همام اسماعيل بن همام عن أبي الحسن الرضا عليه السلام نحو هذا.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Abu Hamam Ismail Bin Hamam,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, approximately this (the above Hadeeth)’.[44]
حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل (رض) قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري قال حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسن بن محبوب عن محمد ابن اسحاق عن أبي جعفر عن آبائه عليهم السلام ان الله تعالى أوحى إلى جبرئيل أنا الله الرحمان الرحيم انى قد رحمت آدم وحواء لما شكيا إلي ما شكيا فأهبط عليهما بخيمة من خيم الجنة فانى قد رحمتهما لبكائهما ووحشتهما ووحدتهما
Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Muhammad Ibn Is’haq,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj the High Revealed unto Jibraeel-as: “I-azwj am Allah-azwj, the Beneficent, the Merciful! I-azwj am being Merciful to Adam-as and Hawwa-as, when they-as both complained to Me-azwj, what they-as complained. So, descend unto them-as both with a tent from the tents of the Paradise, so I-azwj am being Merciful to them-as both due to both their-as strangeness of environment, and their loneliness.
فأضرب الخيمة على الترعة التي بين جبال مكة قال: والترعة مكان البيت وقواعده التي رفعتها الملائكة قبل آدم فهبط جبرئيل على آدم (ع) بالخيمة على مقدار مكان البيت وقواعده فنصبها
So the tent was struck at the canal which was between the mountains of Makkah – and the canal is at the place of the House and it foundation which the Angels raised before Adam-as. So Jibraeel-as descended unto Adam-as with the tent at the measurement of the place of the House (Kabah) and its foundations. So he-as established it.
قال وأنزل جبرئيل (ع) آدم من الصفا وأنزل حواء من المروة وجمع بينهما في الخيمة قال: وكان عمود الخيمة قضيبا من ياقوت أحمر فأضاء نوره وضوءه جبال مكة وما حولها قال: فامتد ضوء العمود فهو مواضع الحرم اليوم من كل ناحية من حيث بلغ ضوءه قال فجعله الله تعالى حرما لحرمة الخيمة والعمود لانهما من الجنة قال ولذلك جعل الله تعالى: الحسنات في الحرم مضاعفات والسيئات مضاعفة
He-asws said: ‘And Jibraeel-as made Adam -as descend from Al-Safa, and Hawwa-as descend from Al-Marwa, and got them both -as together in the tent. And the pillars of the tent was of a red rod of red Sapphire, and its light and its illumination illuminated the mountains of Makkah and what surrounded it. So the range of the illumination of the pillar is the place of the Sanctuary today, from every direction when its illumination reached. Therefore, Allah-azwj the High Made it a Sanctuary due to the sanctity of the tent and the pillar, because these two were from the Paradise. And, due to that, Allah-azwj the High Made the good deeds performed in the Sanctuary to be multiplied manifold, and the sins to be multiplied manifold’.
قال: ومدت اطناب الخيمة حولها فمنتهى أوتادها ما حول المسجد الحرام قال: وكانت أوتادها صخرا من عقيان الجنة وأطنابها من ضفاير الارجوان قال وأوحى الله تعالى إلى جبرئيل (ع) بعد ذلك أهبط على الخيمة بسبعين الف ملك يحرسونها من مردة الشيطان ويؤنسون آدم ويطوفون حول الخيمة تعظيما للبيت والخيمة
He-asws said: ‘And the cords of the tent was extended about it, so its pegs ended what is (now) the Sacred Masjid’. He-asws said: ‘And its pegs were from pure gold of the Paradise, and its cords were intertwined (tangled) with purple material’. He-asws said: ‘And Allah-azwj the High Revealed unto Jibraeel-as after that: “Descend upon the tent with seventy thousand Angels, fortifying it from the Accursed Satan-la, and reassuring Adam-as, and they were circumambulating around the tent in reverence to the House and the tent’.
قال: فهبط بالملائكة فكانوا بحضرة الخيمة يحرسونها من مردة الشيطان ويطوفون حول أركان البيت والخيمة كل يوم وليلة كما كانوا يطوفون في السماء حول البيت المعمور قال وأركان البيت الحرام في الارض حيال البيت المعمور الذي في السماء
He-asws said: ‘So he-as descended with the Angels. So they were in the presence of the tent, fortifying it from the Accursed Satan-la, and circumambulating around the corners of the House (Kabah) and the tent, every day and night, just as they used to circumambulate in the sky about the Oft-Frequented House (Bayt Al-Mamoor)’. He-asws said: ‘And the corners of the Sacred House in the earth is about (the same as) the Bayt Al-Mamoor which is in the sky’.
قال ثم ان الله تبارك وتعالى أوحى إلى جبرئيل (ع) بعد ذلك ان اهبط إلى آدم وحواء فتحهما عن موضع قواعد بيتي وارفع قواعد بيتي ولملائكتي لخلقي من ولد آدم فهبط جبرئيل (ع) على آدم وحواء فأخرجهما من الخيمة ونحاهما عن ترعة البيت ونحى الخيمة عن موضع الترعة،
He-asws said: ‘Then Allah-azwj Blessed and High Revealed unto Jibraeel-as after that: “Descend unto Adam-as and Hawwa-as, and move both of them-as from the place of the foundation of My-azwj House and raise the foundation of My-azwj House, for My-azwj Angels, and My-azwj creatures from the children of Adam-as”. So Jibraeel-as descended unto Adam-as and Hawwa-as, so he-as brought both of them-as from the tent, and turned both of them-as away from the canal of the House, and moved the tent away from the place of the canal’.
قال ووضع آدم على الصفا وحوراء على المروة فقال آدم (ع) يا جبرئيل: ابسخط من الله تعالى جل ذكره حولتنا وفرقت بيننا أم برضى وتقدير علينا؟ فقال لهما لم يكن بسخط من الله تعالى ذكره عليكما ولكن الله تعالى لا يسئل عما يفعل
He-asws said: ‘And Adam-as was placed upon Al-Safa, and Hawwa-as was placed upon Al-Marwa. So Adam-as said: ‘O Jibraeel-as! Is it by the Anger of Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Mention that you-as are moving us-as and separating between us-as, or is it by the Pleasure and Ordainment upon us-as?’ So he-as said: ‘For both of you-as, it is not by the Anger of Allah-azwj, Elevated is His-azwj Mention, upon you-as, but Allah-azwj the High will not be questioned about what He-azwj Does.
يا آدم ان السبعين الف ملك الذين أنزلهم الله تعالى إلى الارض ليؤنسوك ويطوفوا حول اركان البيت والخيمة سألوتا الله تعالى أن يبني لهم مكان الخيمة بيتا على موضع الترعة المباركة حيال البيت المعمور فيطوفون حوله كما كانوا يطوفون في السماء حول البيت المعمور فأوحى الله تبارك وتعالى إلي ان انحيك وارفع الخيمة فقال آدم (ع): رضينا بتقدير الله تعالى ونافذ أمره فينا
O Adam-as! The seventy thousand Angels whom Allah-azwj the High Sent down to the earth to assure you-as, and were circumambulating around the corners of the House and the tent, they asked Allah-azwj the High that He-azwj should Build for them, in the place of the tent, a House upon the place of the Blessed canal, beneath the Bayt Al-Mamoor, so that they would be circumambulating around it just as they used to be circumambulating in the sky around the Bayt Al-Mamoor. Therefore, Allah-azwj Blessed and High Revealed unto me-as, that I-as should move you-as, and raise the tent’. So Adam-as said: ‘We-as are pleased with the Ordainment of Allah-azwj the High, and the establishment of His-azwj Command with regards to us-as’.
فرفع قواعد البيت الحرام بحجر من الصفا وحجر من المروة وحجر من طور سيناء وحجر من جبل السلام وهو ظهر الكوفة فأوحى الله تعالى إلى جبرئيل (ع) ان ابنه واتمه، فاقتلع جبرئيل (ع) الاحجار الاربعة بأمر الله تعالى من مواضعها بجناحه فوضعها حيث امره الله تعالى في اركان البيت على قواعدها التي قدرها الجبار جل جلاله ونصب اعلامها، ثم اوحى الله إلى جبرئيل ابنه واتمه من حجارة من أبي قبيس واجعل له بابين بابا شرقا وبابا غربا،
So he-as raised the foundation of the Sacred House, by a stone from Al-Safa and an stone from Al-Marwa, and a stone from (Mount) Toor of Sinai, and a stone from Mount Al-Salaam, and it is at the back of Al-Kufa. So Allah-azwj the High Revealed unto Jibraeel-as that he-as should build it and complete it. So Jibraeel-as pulled out four trees by the Command of Allah-azwj the High, from their places, by his-as wings. So he-as placed them where Allah-azwj the High Commanded him-as to, in the corners of the House, upon its foundations which the Compeller, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, has Measured, and established its markings. Then Allah-azwj Revealed unto Jibraeel-as that he-as should build it and complete it by the trees from (Mount) Abu Qubays, and made two doors for it – an eastern door and a western door’.
قال فأتمه جبرئيل فلما فرغ طافت الملائكة حوله فلما نظر آدم وحواء إلى الملائكة يطوفون حول البيت انطلقا فطافا سبعة اشواط ثم خرجا يطلبان ما يأكلان.
He-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as completed it. So when he-as was free, the Angels circumambulated around it. So when Adam-as and Hawwa-as looked at the Angels circumambulating around the House, they both-as went, and circumambulated it by seven circuits. Then they-as both went out seeking what they should eat’.[45]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد (رض) قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن صفوان بن يحيى قال سئل الحسن (ع) عن الحرم واعلامه فقال: ان آدم (ع) لما هبط من الجنة هبط على أبي قبيس والناس يقولون بالهند، فشكى إلى ربه الوحشة وانه لا يسمع ما كان يسمع في الجنة فأهبط الله تعالى عليه ياقوته حمراء فوضعت في موضع البيت فكان يطوف بها آدم (ع) وكان يبلغ ضؤوها الاعلام فعلمت الاعلام على ضوئها فجعله الله عزوجل حرما.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin marouf, from Safwan Bin Yahya who said,
‘Al-Hassan-asws was asked about the Sanctuary and its markings, so he-asws said: ‘When Adam -as descended from the Paradise, descended upon (Mount) Abu Qubays, and the people are saying with India. So he-as complained to his-as Lord-azwj of the loneliness, and he-as could no longer hear what he-as used to hear in the Paradise. So Allah-azwj the High Sent down unto him-as, a red sapphire. So he-as placed it in the place of the House (Kabah). So, Adam-as used to circumambulate by it, and the range of its illumination was the markings (boundary). Thus, he-as came to know the markings upon its illumination. Therefore, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made it a Sanctuary’.[46]
(باب 160 – علة تأثير قدمي ابراهيم (ع) في المقام، وعلة) (تحويل المقام من مكانه إلى حيث هو الساعة)
Chapter 160 – Reason for the impact of the two feet of Ibrahim-as in the place (المقام), and reason for the transference of the place from its (original) place to where it is at the moment
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا أحمد وعلي ابنا الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن عمرو بن سعيد المدائني عن موسى بن قيس بن أخي عمار بن موسى الساباطي عن مصدق بن صدقة، عن عمار بن موسى، عن أبي عبد الله (ع) أو عن عمار عن سليمان بن خالد عن أبي عبد الله قال: لما أوحى الله تعالى إلى ابراهيم (ع) ان اذن في الناس بالحج أخذ الحجر الذي فيه اثر قدميه وهو المقام فوضعه بحذاء البيت لاصقا بالبيت بحيال الموضع الذي هو فيه اليوم
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad and Ali, two sons of Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Amro Bin Saeed Al Madainy, from Musa Bin Qays Bin Akhay Amaar Bin Musa Al Sabaty, from Musaddaq Bin Sadaqa, from Amaar Bin Musa,
from Abu Abdullah-asws;
or from Amaar, from Suleyman Bin Khalid,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘When Allah-azwj the High Revealed until Ibrahim-as that he-as should proclaim to the people with the Hajj, he-as took the stone in which is the impact of his-as two feet, and it is the (standing) place. So he-as placed it at the base of the House (Kabah), sticking to the House (Kabah), about where it is today.
ثم قام عليه فنادى بأعلى صوته بما أمره الله تعالى به فلما تكلم بالكلام لم يحتمله الحجر فغرقت رجلاه فيه فقلع ابراهيم (ع) رجليه من الحجر قلعا فلما كثر الناس وصاروا إلى الشر والبلاء ازدحموا عليه فرأوا أن يضعوه في هذا الموضع الذي هو فيه اليوم ليخلو المطاف لمن يطوف بالبيت،
Then he-as stood upon it, and called out in a high voice with what Allah-azwj the High had Commanded him-as with. So when he-as spoke with the speech, the stone could not bear it, so his-as feet sunk in it. So Ibrahim-as lifted up his-as feet from the stone. So when the people became abundant and they became evil and they was overcrowding, so they opined that they should place it in this place which it is in today, in order to empty (the space) for the ones who circumambulate the House (Kabah).
فلما بعث الله تعالى محمدا صلى الله عليه وآله رده إلى الموضع الذي وضعه فيه ابراهيم (ع) فما زال فيه حتى قبض رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وفي زمن أبي بكر وأول ولاية عمر، ثم قال عمر قد ازدحم الناس على هذا المقام فأيكم يعرف موضعه في الجاهلية؟ فقال له رجل: انا اخذت قدره بقدر قال والقدر عندك قال نعم قال فائت به فجاء به فأمر بالمقام فحمل ورد إلى الموضع الذي هو فيه الساعة.
So when Allah-azwj the High Sent Muhammad-saww, he-saww returned it back to its place where Ibrahim-as had placed it. So it did not cease to be therein until Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, and during the era of Abu Bakr and the beginning of the rule of Umar. Then Umar said, ‘The people are overcrowding at this place, so is there anyone who recognises its place during the Pre-Islamic period?’ So a man said to him, ‘I can roughly estimate it, and (the rest of the) estimate is up to you’. He said, ‘Yes’. So they brought him, and he went with it and ordered it to be place in a place. So they carried it, and returned it back to the place in which it is at the moment’.[47]
(باب 161 – علة استلام الحجر الاسود، وعلة استلام) (ركن اليماني والمستجار)
Chapter 161 – Reason for the touching (with reverence) of the Black Stone, and reason for touching (with reverence) Al-Yamani corner and Al-Mustajaar
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثني علي بن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن أبيه عن محمد ابن أبي عمير عن حماد بن عثمان عن عبيد الله بن علي الحلبي عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: سألته لم يستلم الحجر قال لان مواثيق الخلايق فيه،
My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim narrated to me, from his father, from Muhammad Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad Bin Usman, from Ubeydullah Bin Ali Al Halby,
(The narrator says) ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Why does one touch (with reverence) the (Black) Stone?’ He-asws Because Covenants of the people are in it’.
وفي حديث آخر قال لان الله تعالى لما اخذ مواثيق العباد أمر الحجر فالتقمها فهو يشهد لمن وافاه بالموافاة.
And in another Hadeeth, he-asws said: ‘Because Allah-azwj the High, when He-azwj Took the Covenants of the servants, Commanded the (Black) Stone, so it devoured these. Thus, it would testify for the ones who fulfil it with the loyalty’.[48]
حدثنا علي بن محمد (ره) قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله الكوفي عن محمد بن اسماعيل البرمكي عن علي بن عباس عن القاسم بن الربيع الصحاف، عن محمد بن سنان ان أبا الحسن علي بن موسى الرضا عليه السلام كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله علة استلام الحجر، ان الله تبارك وتعالى لما أخذ مواثيق بني آدم التقمه الحجر فمن ثم كلف الناس بمعاهدة ذلك الميثاق ومن ثم يقال عند الحجر أمانتي أديتها وميثاقي تعاهدته لتشهد لي بالموافاة ومنه قول سلمان (رض) ليجيئن الحجر يوم القيامة مثل جبل أبي قبيس له لسان وشفتان يشهد لمن وافاة بالموافاة.
Ali Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Barmakky, from Ali Bin Abbas, from Al Qasim Bin Al Rabie Al Sahaaf,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan that Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws wrote to him in answer to what he has asked him or the reason for the touching of the (Black) Stone: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High, when He-azwj Took the Covenants of the Children of Adam -as, the (Black) Stone devoured it. So, from then on, the people have been assigned with taking an oath to that Covenant. And from then on it is said in the presence of the (Black) Stone, ‘I have fulfilled my trust and have taken an oath to my Covenant, therefore testify for me with the loyalty’; and from it, is the speech of Salman-as, ‘The (Black) Stone would be coming on the Day of Judgement, like the mount of Abu Qubays, having a tongue for it and two lips, testifying for the ones who were loyal to it with the loyalty’.[49]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد (رض) قال حدثنا أحمد بن ادريس عن محمد بن حسان عن الوليد بن أبان عن علي بن جعفر عن محمد بن مسلم عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله طوفوا بالبيت واستلموا الركن فانه يمين الله في أرضه يصافح بها خلقه مصافحة العبد أو الدخيل ويشهد لمن استلمه بالموافاة.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin hasaan, from Al Waleed Bin Aban, from Ali Bin Ja’far, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Circumambulate by the House (Kabah), and touch (with reverence) the corner, for it is the Right Hand of Allah-azwj in His-azwj earth, which the servants shake with a shaking of the slaves or the stranger, and it would testify for the one who touches it (with reverence), with the loyalty (to the Covenant)’.[50]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد (رض) قال حدثنا الحسين ابن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد عن ابن فضال عن يونس عمن ذكره عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال سألته عن الملتزم لاي شئ يلتزم وأي شئ يذكر فيه فقال عنده نهر من الجنة يلقي فيه أعمال العباد كل خميس.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Al Husayn Ibn Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibn Fazaal, from Yunus, from the one who mentioned it,
(The narrator says) Abu Abdullah-asws, replied when asked him-asws about Al-Multazam (the wall in between Black Stone and Al-Yamani corner), for which thing is it an Obligation (to touch it), and which thing is mentioned during it?’ So he-asws said: ‘In its presence is a river from the Paradise in which the deeds of the servants are cast in, every Thursday’.[51]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن حماد بن عيسى عن حريز عن أبي بصير وزرارة ومحمد بن مسلم كلهم عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: ان الله تعالى خلق الحجر الاسود ثم أخذ الميثاق على العباد، ثم قال للحجر التقمه، والمؤمنون يتعاهدون ميثاقهم.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Abu Baseer and Zarara and Muhammad Bin Muslim, all of them,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Allah-azwj the High Created the Black Stone. Then He-azwj Took the Covenant upon the servants. Then He-azwj Said to the (Black) Stone: “Devour it”. And the Believers are coming over to renew their Covenant’.[52]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد عن زياد القندي عن عبد الله ابن سنان قال: بينا نحن في الطواف إذ مر رجل من آل عمر فأخذ بيده رجل فاستلم الحجر فانتهره وأغلظ له وقال له بطل حجك ان الذي تستلمه حجر لا ينفع ولا يضر، فقلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام جعلت فداك أما سمعت قول العمري لهذا الذي استلم الحجر فأصابه ما أصابه فقال وما الذي قال؟ قلت قال له يا عبد الله بطل حجك ثم إنما هو حجر لا يضر ولا ينفع فقال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام كذب ثم كذب ثم كذب ان للحجر لسانا ذلقا يوم القيامة يشهد لمن وافاه بالموافاة
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Ziyad Al Qindy, from Abdullah Ibn Sinan who said,
‘While we were in the circumambulation, when a man from the progeny of Umar passed by. So he seized the hand of a man who was touching the (Black) Stone (with reverence). So he rebuked him and spoke harshly to him, and said to him, ‘That which you have touched (with reverence) has invalidated your Hajj. A stone neither benefits nor harms’. So I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! But, did you-asws hear the speech of the ‘Umary’ (follower of Umar Bin Al-Khattab) for this one who touched the (Black) Stone, so it hit him what hit him?’
So he-asws said: ‘What is that which he said?’ I said, ‘He said to him, ‘O servant of Allah-azwj, your Hajj is invalidated. But rather it is a stone, it neither benefits nor harms’. So Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘He lied, then lied, then lied!’ The (Black) Stone has an eloquent tongue. On the Day of Judgement it will testify for the one who was loyal to it (the Covenant) with the loyalty’.
ثم قال ان الله تبارك وتعالى لما خلق السماوات والارض خلق بحرين بحرا عذبا وبحرا اجاجا فخلق تربة آدم من البحر العذب وشن عليها من البحر الاجاج، ثم جبل آدم فعرك عرك الاديم فتركه ما شاء الله فلما أراد أن ينفخ فيه الروح أقامه شبحا فقبض قبضه من كتفه الايمن فخرجوا كالذر فقال هؤلاء إلى الجنة وقبض قبضة من كتفه الايسر وقال هؤلاء إلى النار
Then he-asws said: ‘When Allah-azwj Blessed and High Created the skies and the earth, Created two oceans – a fresh (sweet) ocean, and a salty ocean. So He-azwj Created the clay of Adam-as from the fresh, and launched the salty ocean over it. Then He-azwj Scrubbed the crust of Adam-as with a Scrubbing. So it was left (like that) for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired. So when He-azwj Intended to Blow the Spirit into him-as, Caused him-as to stand as a resemblance. So He-azwj Grabbed a Handful from his-as right shoulder, so particle-like (creatures) came out. So He-azwj Said: “These are to My-azwj Paradise”. And He-azwj Grabbed a Handful from his-as left shoulder and Said: “These are to My-azwj Fire”.
فأنطق الله تعالى أصحاب اليمين وأصحاب اليسار فقال أهل اليسار يا رب لم خلقت لنا النار ولم تبين لنا ولم تبعث الينا رسولا؟ فقال الله عزوجل لهم: ذلك لعلمي بما أنتم صابرون إليه واني سأبليكم، فأمر الله تعالى النار فأسعرت ثم قال لهم تقحموا جميعا في النار فاني أجعلها عليكم بردا وسلاما فقالوا يا رب إنما سألناك لاي شئ جعلتها لنا هربا منها ولو أمرت أصحاب اليمين ما دخلوا،
So, Allah-azwj the High Caused the companions of the right and the companions of the left to speak. So the (companions of) the left said, ‘O Lord-azwj! Why did You-azwj Created the Fire for us, and did not Explain to us and did not Sent Rasools-as to us?’ So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “That is in My-azwj Knowledge, with what you all would be patient upon and I-azwj shall Test you”. So He-azwj Commanded the Fire, so it flared up. Then He-azwj Said to them: “Plunge into the Fire, so I-azwj would Make it a coolness and safety upon you”. So they said, ‘O Lord-azwj! But rather, You-azwj Ask us for something from which we have no escape from it. If You-azwj would Command the companions of the right, they (also) would not be entering it’.
فأمر الله عزوجل النار فأسعرت ثم قال لاصحاب اليمين تقحموا جميعا في النار فتقحموا جميعا فكانت عليهم بردا وسلاما فقال لهم جميعا ألست بربكم؟ قال أصحاب اليمين بلى طوعا، وقال أصحاب الشمال بلى كرها، فأخذ منهم جميعا ميثاقهم وأشهدهم على انفسهم،
So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded the Fire, so it flared up. Then He-azwj Said to the companions of the right: “Plunge altogether into the Fire”. So they all plunged into it, and it was a coolness and a safety over them. So He-azwj Said to all of them [7:172] Am I not your Lord? The companions of the right said, ‘Yes’, willingly, and the companions of the left said, ‘Yes’, unwillingly. Thus, He-azwj Took the Covenant from the entirety of them, and and Made them testify against their own souls.
قال وكان الحجر في الجنة فأخرجه الله عزوجل فالتقم الميثاق من الخلق كلهم فذلك قوله تعالى (وله أسلم من في السموات والارض طوعا وكرها واليه ترجعون)
He-asws said: ‘And the (Black) Stone was in the Paradise. So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Brought it out, so it devoured the Covenant from the people, all of them. So these are the Words of the High [3:83] and to Him submits whoever is in the skies and the earth, willingly or unwillingly, and to Him shall they be returning.
فلما أسكن الله تعالى آدم الجنة وعصى أهبط الله تعالى الحجر فجعله في ركن بيته وأهبط آدم على الصفا فمكث ما شاء الله ثم رآه في البيت فعرفه وعرف ميثاقه وذكره فجاء إليه مسرعا فأكب عليه وبكى عليه أربعين صباحا تائبا من خيطيئته ونادما على نقضه ميثاقه،
So when Allah-azwj the High Settled Adam-as in the Paradise, and he-as disobeyed, Allah-azwj Sent down the (Black) Stone. So He-azwj made it to be in a corner of His-azwj House (Kabah), and Adam-as descended upon Al-Safa. So he-as remained for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired. Then he-as saw it in the House, and recognised his-as Covenant. So he-as quickly went to it, and fell upon it, and wept over it for forty mornings, repentant from his-as error, and remorseful upon his-as breaking of the Covenant’.
قال فمن اجل ذلك أمرتم أن تقولوا إذا استلمتم الحجر أمانتي أديتها وميثاقي تعاهدته لتشهد لي بالموافاة يوم القيامة.
He-asws said : ‘Thus, it is from that, that you have been ordered to touch (with reverence) the (Black) Stone, you should be saying, ‘My entrustment I have fulfilled, and my Covenant I have been loyal to, so that you would testify for me with the loyalty on the Day of Judgement’.[53]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال حدثني سعد بن عبد الله عن محمد بن الحسين ابن أبي الخطاب عن أحمد بن محمد بن أبي نصر عن عبد الكريم بن عمرو الخثعمي عن عبد الله بن أبي يعفور عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: ان الارواح جنوده مجنده فما تعارف منها في الميثاق ايتلف هاهنا وما تناكر منها في الميثاق هو في هذا الحجر الاسود، أما والله ان له لعينين واذنين وفما ولسانا ذلقا، ولقد كان أشد بياضا من اللبن ولكن المجرمين يستلمونه والمنافقين فبلغ كمثل ما ترون.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Ibn Abu Al Khatab, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Abdul Kareem Bin Amro Al Khash’amy, from Abdullah Bin Abu Yafour,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The Spirits, its army was one army. So whichever from these had recognition during the Covenant in between them, they interconnect over here, and whichever of these had disregard in between them, (so they are like that over here). It is (all) in the (Black) Stone. But, by Allah-azwj, it has two eyes for it, and two ears, and a mouth, and an eloquent tongue, and it used to more intensely whiter than the milk, but the criminals and the hypocrites have been kissing it, so it reached to be like what you are seeing it as’.[54]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا محمد ابن الحسن الصفار عن علي بن حسان الواسطي عن عمه عبد الرحمان بن كثير الهاشمي عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: مر عمر بن الخطاب على الحجر الاسود فقال والله يا حجر إنا لنعلم انك حجر لا تضر ولا تنفع إلا انا رأينا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يحبك فنحن نحبك، فقال له أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام كيف يابن الخطاب فو الله ليبعثنه الله يوم القيامة وله لسان وشفتان فيشهد لمن وافاه وهو يمين الله في أرضه يبايع بها خلقه، فقال عمر: لا أبقانا الله في بلد لا يكون فيه علي بن أبي طالب.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Ibn Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ali Bin Hisan Al Wasity, from his uncle Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseer Al Hashimy,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Umar Bin Al-Khattab passed by the Black Stone, so he said, ‘By Allah-azwj! O Stone! I know that you are a stone. Neither do you benefit nor do you harm. Indeed! We saw Rasool-Allah-saww love you, so we love you’. So, Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to him: ‘How, O son of Khattab? By Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj would be Resurrecting it on the Day of Judgement, and for it would be a tongue, and two lips, so it would testify for the ones who were loyal to it (the Covenant), and it is the Right Hand of Allah-azwj in His-azwj earth, for the people to pledge their allegiances with’. So Umar said, ‘May Allah-azwj not Cause us to remain in a city in which there is no Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.[55]
اخبرني علي بن حاتم فيما كتب إلي قال: حدثنا جميل بن زياد قال: حدثنا أحمد بن الحسين النخاس عن زكريا أبي محمد المؤمن عن عامر بن معقل عن أبان بن تغلب قال قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: أتدري لابي شئ صار الناس يلثمون الحجر؟ قلت لا قال ان آدم عليه السلام شكى إلى ربه عزوجل الوحشة في الارض فنزل جبرئيل عليه السلام بياقوتة من الجنة كان آدم إذا مر عليها في الجنة ضربها برجله فلما رآها عرفها فبادر يلثمها فمن ثم صار الناس يلثمون الحجر.
Ali Bin Hatim informed me regarding what he wrote to me, from Jameel Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Al Husayn Al Nakhaas, from Zakariyya Abu Muhammad Al Momin, from Aamir Bin Ma’qal, from Aban Bin Taghlub who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said : ‘Do you know for which thing (reason) the people came to be kissing the (Black) Stone?’ I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘Adam-as complained to his-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic of the loneliness in the earth. So Jibraeel-as descended with a sapphire from the Paradise. When Adam-as passed by it in the Paradise, struck it by his-as leg. So when he-as saw it, recognised it. So he-as hastened to kiss it. Thus, from then on, the people came to be kissing the (Black) Stone’.[56]
(باب 162 – العلة التي من أجلها صار الحجر أسود بعد ما كان أبيض) (والعلة التي من أجلها لا يبرء ذو عاهة يمسه الآن)
Chapter 162 – The reason due to which the (Black) Stone became black after it having been white; and the reason due to which the one with disabilities no longer gets cured when he touches it
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد ابن عيسى عن عبد الرحمان بن أبي نجران والحسين بن سعيد جميعا عن حماد بن عيسى عن حريز بن عبد الله عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال كان الحجر الاسود أشد بياضا من اللبن فلو لا ما مسه من أرجاس الجاهلية ما مسه ذو عاهة إلا برء.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Isa, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran and Al Husayn Bin Saeed together, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Hareyz Bin Abdullah,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The (Black) Stone was intensely whiter than the milk. Had it not been touched by the filth of the ignorant (of the pre-Islamic period), the one with disabilities would not have touched it except that he would have been cured from it’.[57]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن اسماعيل بن محمد التغلبي عن أبي طاهر الوراق عن الحسن ابن أيوب عن عبد الكريم بن عمرو عن عبد الله بن أبي يعفور عن أبي عبد الله (ع) أنه ذكر الحجر فقال: أما أن له عينين وأنفا ولسانا، ولقد كان أشد بياضا من اللبن، أما ان المقام كان بتلك المنزلة.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ismail Bin Muhammad Al Taglaby, from Abu Tahir Al Waraq, from Al Hassan Ibn Ayoub, from Abdul Kareem Bin Amro, from Abdullah Bin Abu Yafour,
Abu Abdullah-asws having mentioned the (Black) Stone, so he-asws said: ‘For it are two ears, and a neck, and a tongue, and it used to be intensely whiter than the milk. As for the Standing Place (of Ibrahim-as), it used to be at that very status’.[58]
(باب 163 – العلة التي من أجلها صار الناس يستلمون الحجر) (والركن اليماني ولا يستلمون الركنين الآخرين، والعلة التي) (من أجلها صار مقام ابراهيم (ع) على يسار العرش)
Chapter 163 – The reason due to which the people came to be kissing the (Black) Stone, and Al-Yamani corner, and were not kissing the other two corners; and the reason due to which the Standing Place of Ibrahim-as came to be upon the left of the Throne
أخبرنا علي بن حاتم قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين النحوي، عن أحمد ابن محمد بن عيسى عن ابن فضال عن ثعلبة بن ميمون وغيره عن بريد بن معاوية العجلي قال قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام: كيف صار الناس يستلمون الحجر والركن اليماني ولا يستلمون الركنين الآخرين؟ فقال قد سألني عن ذلك عباد بن صهيب البصري فقلت له لان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله استلم هذين ولم يستلم هذين فانما على الناس أن يفعلوا ما فعل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسأخبرك بغير ما أخبرت به عبادا ان الحجر الاسود والركن اليماني عن يمين العرش وإنما أمر الله تبارك وتعالى ان يستلم ما عن يمين عرشه،
Ali Bin Hatim informed us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Nahawi, from Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Fazaal, from Sa’alba Bin Maymoun and someone else, from Bureyd Bin Muawiya Al Ajaly who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘How come the people came to be kissing the (Black) Stone, and Al-Yamani corner, and are not (kissing) the two other corners?’ So he-asws said: ‘Abaad Bin Sayh had asked me-asws about that, so I-asws said to him: ‘Because Rasool-Allah-saww kissed these two, and did not kiss those two. Thus, it is upon the people that they should be doing what Rasool-Allah-saww did, and I-asws will be informing you with other than what I-asws had informed Abaad with, that the (Black) Stone, and Al-Yamani corner are from the right of the Throne. But rather, Allah-azwj Blessed and High Commanded that he-saww should kiss what is from the right of His-azwj Throne’.
قلت فكيف صار مقام ابراهيم عن يساره؟ فقال لان لابراهيم عليه السلام مقاما في القيامة ولمحمد صلى الله عليه وآله مقاما فمقام محمد عن يمين عرش ربنا عزوجل، ومقام ابراهيم عن شمال عرشه، فمقام ابراهيم في مقامه يوم القيامة، وعرش ربنا مقبل غير مدبر.
I said, ‘So how come the Standing Place of Ibrahim-as came to be on the left of it?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because Ibrahim-as has a place during the Day of Judgement, and for Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws have a place. So the place of Muhammad-saww is on the right of the Throne of our Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and the place of Ibrahim-as is on the left of His-azwj Throne. Thus, the Standing Place of Ibrahim-as would be in its place on the Day of Judgement, and the Throne of our Lord-azwj, is facing forward, not backward’.[59]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أيوب بن نوح عن صفوان بن يحيى عن معاوية بن عمار عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال بينا أنا في الطواف إذا رجل يقول ما بال هذين الركنين يمسحان – يعني الحجر والركن اليماني – وهذين لا يمسحان؟ قال فقلت لان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله كان يمسح هذين ولم يمسح هذين فلا نتعرض لشئ لم يتعرص له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Muawiya Bin Amaar,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘While I-asws was in the circumambulation, when a man started saying, ‘What is the matter with these two corners both get touched’ meaning the (Black) Stone and Al-Yamani corner – ‘and these two do not get touched?’ He-asws said: ‘So I-asws said: ‘Because Rasool-Allah-saww used to touch these two, and did not touch those two. Thus, we (also) do not occupy ourselves with something which Rasool-Allah-saww did not occupy himself-saww with’.[60]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا محمد ابن عبد الجبار قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد الكوفي عن رجل من أصحابنا رفعه عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: لما انتهى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله إلى الركن الغربي فقال له الركن يا رسول الله ألست قعيدا من قواعد بيت ربك فما لي لا أستلم؟ فدنا منه النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فقال له اسكن عليك السلام غير مهجور.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Ibn Abdul Jabbar, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Kufy, from a man from our companions, raising it,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww ended up at the western corner, so the corner said to him-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Am I not a part from the parts of the House of your-saww Lord-azwj? So what is the matter with me that I do not get kissed?’ So the Prophet-saww approached it and said to it: ‘The greeting is settled over you. You are not abandoned’.[61]
(باب 164 – العلة التي من أجلها وضع الله الحجر في الركن) (الذي هو فيه ولم يضعه في غيره، والعلة التي من أجلها) يقبل، والعلة التي من أجلها اخرج من الجنة) (والعلة التي من أجلها جعل الميثاق فيه)
Chapter 164 – The reason due to which the (Black) Stone is placed in the corner in which it is and is not placed in another; and the reason due to which it is kissed; and the reason due to which it was brought out from the Paradise, and the reason due to which the Covenant was Made to be in it
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن محمد بن أحمد قال حدثنا موسى عن عمر عن ابن سنان عن أبي سعيد القماط عن بكير بن اعين قال سألت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام لاي علة وضع الله الحجر في الركن الذي هو فيه و؟ يوضع في غيرة ولاي علة يقبل، ولاي علة اخرج من الجنة، ولاي علة وضع فيه ميثاق العباد والعهد ولم يوضع في غيره، وكيف السبب في ذلك تخبرني جعلت فداك فان تفكري فيه لعجب؟
My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Musa, from Umar, from Ibn Sinan, from Abu Saeed Al Qamaat, from Bakeyr Bin Ayn who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘For which reason did Allah-azwj Place the (Black) Stone in the corner in which it is, and did not place it in another? And for which reason it is kissed? And for which reason was it brought out from the Paradise? And for which reason were the Covenants and the oaths of the servants Placed inside it and were not Placed somewhere else? And how were the reasons with regards to these, you-asws inform me, may I be sacrificed for you-asws, for I think with regards to it and I wonder?’
قال فقال سألت وأعضلت في المسألة واستقصيت فافهم وفرغ قلبك واصغ سمعك أخبرك إن شاء الله، إن الله تبارك وتعالى وضع الحجر الاسود وهو جوهرة أخرجت من الجنة إلى آدم فوضعت في ذلك الركن لعلة الميثاق وذلك انه لما أخذ من بني آدم من ظهورهم ذريتهم حين أخذ الله عليهم الميثاق في ذلك المكان وفي ذلك المكان تراءى لهم ربهم، ومن ذلك الركن يهبط الطير على القائم فأول من يبايعه ذلك الطير وهو والله جبرئيل عليه السلام وإلى ذلك المقام يسند ظهره وهو الحجة والدليل على القائم وهو الشاهد لمن وافى ذلك المكان والشاهد لمن أدى إليه الميثاق والعهد الذي أخذ الله (به) على العباد
So he-asws said: ‘You ask, and are puzzled in the questioning, and the probing. So understand and free your heart, and listen carefully, Allah-azwj Willing I-asws shall inform you. Allah-azwj Blessed and High Placed the Black Stone, and it was a jewel Brought out from the Paradise to Adam-as. So it was Placed in that corner due to the Covenant, and that is when it was Taken from the Children of Adam-as from the backs of their offspring, and the Covenant was Taken from them in that very place, their Lord-azwj (His-azwj Light) having Appeared to them. And, it is from that corner that the bird would descend upon Al-Qaim-asws. So the first one to pledge his allegiance would be that bird, and by Allah-azwj, it is Jibraeel-as; and it is upon that place that he-asws would be leaning by his-asws back, and it is the proof and the evidence upon him-asws being Al-Qaim-asws, and it (the Black Stone) is the witness for the one who was loyal (to the Covenant), at that place, and the witness for the one who fulfilled the Covenant to him-asws, and the oath which Allah-azwj Had Taken upon the servants.
وأما القبلة والالتماس فلعلة العهد تجديدا لذلك العهد والميثاق وتجديدا للبيعة وليؤدوا إليه في ذلك العهد الذي أخذ عليهم في الميثاق فيأتونه في كل سنة وليؤدوا إليه ذلك العهد، ألا ترى انك تقول أمانتي أديتها وميثاقي تعاهدته لتشهد لي بالموافاة والله ما يؤدي ذلك أحد غير شيعتنا، ولا حفظ ذلك العهد والميثاق أحد غير شيعتنا
And as for the kissing and the touching, so it is for the reason of the oath, the renewal of that oath and the Covenant, and the renewal of the allegiance and the fulfilment to him-asws (Al-Qaim-asws) with regards to that oath which was Taken against them during the Covenant. Thus, they come to it during every year, and to fulfill that oath to it. Have you not seen your saying (at the Black Stone), ‘My entrustment I have fulfilled it, and my Covenant I have oathed to in order for you to testify for me with the loyalty’? By Allah-azwj! No one fulfils that oath apart from our-asws Shias, and no one preserves that oath and the Covenant, anyone apart from our-asws Shia.
وانهم ليأتونه فيعرفهم ويصدقهم ويأتيه غيرهم فينكرهم ويكذبهم وذلك انه لم يحفظ ذلك غيركم فلكم والله يشهد وعليهم والله يشهد بالخفر والجحود والكفر وهو الحجه البالغة من الله عليهم يوم القيامة يجئ وله لسان ناطق وعينان في صورته الاولى يعرفه الخلق ولا ينكرونه يشهد لمن وافاه وجدد العهد والميثاق عنده بحفظ الميثاق والعهد واداء الامانة ويشهد على كل من أنكر وجحد ونسى الميثاق بالكفر والانكار،
And they (Shias) are coming to it, so it recognises them, and ratifies them. And when others come to it, so it denies them and belies them, and that is because that (Covenant) has not been preserved by others than you. Therefore, by Allah-azwj, it would testify for you, and upon them, by Allah-azwj, it would testify with the wariness and the ingratitude and the infidelity. And it is the proof delivered from Allah-azwj against them on the Day of Judgement. It would come, and for it would be a speaking tongue, and two eyes in its first (original) face. The people would recognise it and will not deny him. It would testify for the one who fulfilled and renewed the oath and the Covenant in its presence, by the preservation of the Covenant, and the oath, and the fulfilment of the entrustment. And it would testify upon everyone who denied, and was ungrateful, and forgot the Covenant with the infidelity and the denial.
وأما علة ما أخرجه الله من الجنة فهل تدري ما كان الحجر؟ قال قلت لا قال كان ملكا عظيما من عظماء الملائكة عند الله تعالى فلما أخذ الله من الملائكة الميثاق كان أول من آمن به وأقر ذلك الملك فاتخذه الله أمينا على جميع خلقه فألقمه الميثاق وأودعه عنده واستعبد الخلق أن يجددوا عنده في كل سنة الاقرار بالميثاق والعهد الذي أخذ الله (به) عليهم
And as for the reason why Allah-azwj Brought it out from the Paradise, so do you know what was the (Black) Stone?’ I said, ‘No’. It was a magnificent Angel from the magnificent ones of the Angels in the Presence of Allah-azwj the High. So when Allah-azwj Took the Covenant from the Angels, the first one to believe in it and accept was that Angel. Therefore, Allah-azwj Took him as a trustee upon the entirety of His-azwj creatures. So it devoured the Covenant and it is deposited inside it, and the creatures have been enslaved that they should be renewing in its presence, during every year, the acceptance of the Covenant and the oath which Allah-azwj has Taken against them.
ثم جعله الله مع آدم في الجنة يذكره الميثاق ويجدد عنده الاقرار في كل سنة فلما عصى آدم فأخرج من الجنة أنساه الله العهد والميثاق الذي أخذ الله عليه وعلى ولد لمحمد ووصيه، وجعله باهتا حيرانا،
Then Allah-azwj Made it to be with Adam-as in the Paradise, reminding him-as of the Covenant, and he-as used to renew the acceptance in its presence during every year. So, when Adam-as disobeyed, so he-as came out from the Paradise, Allah-azwj Caused him-as to forget the oath and the Covenant which Allah-azwj had Taken against him-as and upon the sons-asws Bestowed unto Muhammad-saww and his-saww successor-asws, and Made him-as to be lacklustre and perplexed.
فلما تاب على آدم حول ذلك الملك في صورة درة بيضاء فرماه من الجنة إلى آدم وهو بأرض الهند فلما رآه أنس إليه وهو لا يعرفه بأكثر من أنه جوهره فأنطقها الله عزوجل فقال يا آدم أتعرفني. قال لا قال أجل استخوذ عليك الشيطان فأنساك ذكر ربك وتحول إلى الصورة التي كان بها في الجنة مع آدم فقال لآدم أين العهد والميثاق؟ فوثب إليه آدم وذكر الميثاق وبكى وخضع له وقبله وجدد الاقرار بالعهد والميثاق،
So, when He-azwj Turned to Adam-as (Mercifully), Transferred that Angel to be in an image of a white jewel. So He-azwj Threw it from the Paradise to Adam-as at the land of India. So, when he-as saw it, he-as was affectionate towards it, and he-as did not recognise it, mostly due to it being his-as jewel. So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Caused it to speak, so it said: ‘O Adam-as! Do you-as recognise me?’ He-as said: ‘No’. It said, ‘It means the Satan-la has overcome you, so you-as forgot the mentioned of your-as Lord-azwj’. And it (Black Stone) transformed back into the image in which it used to be in the Paradise with Adam-as. So, it said to Adam-as: ‘Where is your oath and the Covenant?’ So Adam-as leapt up at it and remembered the Covenant, and cried, and hugged it, and kissed it, and renewed the acceptance of the oath and the Covenant.
ثم حوله الله تعالى إلى جوهر الحجر درة بيضاء صافية تضئ فحمله آدم على عاتقه إجلالا له وتعظيما فكان إذا أعيا حمله عنه جبرئيل حتى وافى به مكة فما زال يأنس به بمكة ويجدد الاقرار له كل يوم وليلة
Then Allah-azwj the High Transformed it into a jewel of a white stone gem, clear, illuminating. So Adam-as carried it upon his-as shoulder, due to its majesty, and reverence for it. So whenever he-as was exhausted, Jibraeel-as carried if from him-as until he-as came with it to Makkah. So he-as did not cease to be affectionate to it at Makkah, and kept on renewing the acceptant (of the Covenant) to it during every day and night.
ثم ان الله تعالى لم أهبط جبرئيل إلى أرضه وبني الكعبة هبط إلى ذلك المكان بين الركن والباب وفي ذلك المكان تراءى لآدم حين أخذ الميثاق وفي ذلك الموضع القم الملك الميثاق فلتلك العلة وضع في ذلك الركن ونحى آدم من مكان البيت إلى الصفا وحواء إلى المروة
Then when Allah-azwj the High Caused Jibraeel-as to descend to His-azwj earth and build the Kabah, he-as descended to that very place in between the corner and the Door, and it is in that place that it was shown to Adam-as where the Covenant was Taken, and in that place the Angel (Black Stone) devoured the Covenant. Thus, it is due to that reason it was placed in that corner, and Adam-as was Made to leave the place of the House (Kabah) to Al-Safa, and Hawwa-as to Al-Marwa.
فأخذ الله الحجر فوضعه بيده في ذلك الركن فلما ان نظر آدم من الصفا وقد وضع الحجر في الركن كبر الله وهلله ومجده فلذلك جرت السنة بالتكبير في استقبال الركن الذي فيه الحجر من الصفا، وان الله عزوجل أودعه العهد والميثاق وألقمه إياه دون غيره من الملائكة لان الله تعالى لما أخذ الميثاق له بالربوبية ولمحمد بالنبوة ولعلي عليه السلام بالوصية اصطكت فرايص الملائكة وأول من أسرع إلى الاقرار بذلك الملك ولم يكن فيهم أشد حبا لمحمد وآل محمد منه فلذلك اختاره الله تعالى من بينهم وألقمه الميثاق فهو يجئ يوم القيامة وله لسان ناطق وعين ناظرة ليشهد لكل من وافاه إلى ذلك المكان وحفظ الميثاق.
So, Allah-azwj Took the (Black) Stone, and Placed it by His-azwj Hands (Power) in that corner. So when Adam-as looked from Al-Safa, and the (Black) Stone had been place in the corner, he-as exclaimed the Greatness of Allah-azwj, and extolled Him-azwj, and Praised Him-azwj. Therefore, it is due to that, the Sunnah flowed with the Takbeers during the kissing of the corner in which is the (Black) Stone, from Al-Safa. And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Deposited with it, the oath, and the Covenant, and Made it to devour these, besides the other from the Angels, because when Allah-azwj the High Took the Covenant for Himself-azwj for the Lordship, and for Muhammad-saww for the Prophet-hood, and for Ali-asws with the successorship, the Angels trembled, and the first one who hastened to the acceptance was that Angel. And there was not among them anyone with more intense love to Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad, than him. Thus, it was due to that Allah-azwj the High Chose him from between them, and Made him to devour the Covenant. So he would be coming on the Day of Judgement, and for him would be a speaking tongue, and two seeing eyes, to testify for each one who was loyal to that place, and preserved the Covenant’.[62]
(باب 165 – العلة التي من أجلها سمي الصفا صفا والمروة مروة)
Chapter 165 – The reason due to which Al-Safa was named as Safa, and Al-Marwa as Marwa
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد ابن خالد عن أبيه عن محمد بن سنان عن اسماعيل بن جابر وعبد الكريم بن عمرو عن عبد الحميد بن أبي الديلم عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: سمي الصفا صفا لان المصطفى آدم هبط عليه فقطع للجبل إسم من إسم آدم عليه السلام يقول الله تعالى: (ان الله اصطفى آدم ونوحا وآل ابراهيم وآل عمران على العالمين) وهبطت حواء على المروة وإنما سميت المروة لان المرأة هبطت عليها فقطع للجبل إسم من إسم المرأة
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Khalid, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ismail Bin Jabir and Abdul Kareem Bin Amro, from Abdul Hameed Bin Abu Al Daylam,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Al-Safa was named as ‘Safa’ because the Chosen one (المصطفى) descended upon it, the name of the mount was cut from the name of Adam-as. Allah-azwj the High is Saying Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying [3:33] Surely Allah Chose Adam and Noah and the Progeny of Ibrahim and the Progeny of Imran above the nations. And Hawwa-as descended upon the Marwa, and it has been named as Marwa because the woman (Al-Imra’) descended upon it, so the name of the mountain is from the name ‘Al-Imra’a’ (the woman)’.[63]
(باب 166 – العلة التي من أجلها جعل السعي بين الصفا والمروة)
Chapter 166 – The reason due to which the Sa’ee was Made to be in between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa
حدثنا أبي (رضي الله عنه)، قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن يعقوب بن يزيد، عن محمد ابن أبي عمير، عن معاوية بن عمار، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال: «إن إبراهيم (عليه السلام) لما خلف إسماعيل (عليه السلام) بمكة عطش الصبي، و كان فيما بين الصفا و المروة شجر، فخرجت امه حتى قامت على الصفا، فقالت: هل بالوادي من أنيس؟ فلم يجبها أحد، فمضت حتى انتهت إلى المروة، فقالت: هل بالوادي من أنيس؟ فلم يجبها أحد، ثم رجعت إلى الصفا، فقالت كذلك حتى صنعت ذلك سبعا، فأجرى الله ذلك سنة.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Muhammad Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muawiya Bin Amaar,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Ibrahim-as, when he-as left Ismail-as behind at Makkah, the young boy became thirsty, and there used to be a tree in between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa. So his-as mother went out until she-as stood upon Al-Safa, so she-as said: ‘Is there any kind person in the valley?’ But, no one answered her-as. So she-as went until she-as ended up at Al-Marwa, so she-as said: ‘Is there any kind person in the valley?’ But, no one answered her-as. So she-as returned back to Al-Safa. She-as said similar to that, to the extent that she-as did that seven times. Therefore, Allah-azwj Caused that to be a Sunnah.
فأتاها جبرئيل، فقال لها: من أنت؟ فقالت: أنا ام ولد إبراهيم، فقال لها: إلى من وكلكم؟ فقالت: أما إذا قلت ذلك، فقد قلت له حيث أراد الذهاب: يا إبراهيم، إلى من تكلنا؟ فقال: إلى الله عز و جل، فقال جبرئيل: لقد وكلكم إلى كاف.
Jibraeel-as came to her-as and said to her-as, ‘Who are you-as?’ She-as said: ‘I-as am the mother of the son-as of Ibrahim-as’. So he-as said to her-as: ‘To whom did he-as entrust you-as?’ So she-as said: ‘I-as had said that. I-as asked him-as when he-as intended to leave: ‘To whom do you-as entrust us-as?’ So he-as said: ‘To Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’. So Jibraeel-as said: ‘He-as has entrusted you to the One who is Sufficient’.
قال: «و كان الناس يتجنبون الممر بمكة لمكان الماء، ففحص الصبي برجله فنبعت زمزم، و رجعت من المروة إلى الصبي و قد نبع الماء، فأقبلت تجمع التراب حوله مخافة أن يسيح الماء، و لو تركته لكان سيحا».
The Imam-asws said: ‘And the people used to avoid the passageway at Makkah for a place for the water. So the young boy (Ismail-as) struck (the ground) with his-as feet, so the Zamzam (spring) gushed forth, and she-as returned from Al-Marwa to the boy, and (saw that) the water had sprung. So she gathered the sand around it fearing that the water would evaporate, and had she-as left it so it would have evaporated’.
قال: «فلما رأته الطير حلقت عليه- قال-: فمر ركب من اليمن، فلما رأوا الطير حلقت عليه، قالوا: ما حلقت إلا على الماء، فأتوهم ليستقوهم فسقوهم من الماء، و أطعمهم الركب من الطعام، و أجرى الله عز و جل لهم بذلك رزقا، فكان الركب يمر بمكة فيطعمونهم من الطعام، و يسقونهم من الماء».
The Imam-asws said: ‘So when the birds saw it, they flew towards it. Riders from Yemen passed by, so when they saw the birds to have encircled it, they said, ‘They would not have encircled except upon the water’. So they came over to them-as to be quenched (from the thirst). So they-as quenched them from the water, and the riders fed them-as from the food. And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made that to flow for them-as as sustenance. The riders used to pass by Makkah, and they would feed them-as from the food, and they-as would quench them from the water’.[64]
(باب 168 – العلة التي من أجلها صار المسعى أحب البقاع إلى الله تعالى)
Chapter 168 – The reason due to which the place of Sa’ee is the most beloved of spots to Allah-azwj the High
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن ابن أبي عمير عن معاوية بن عمار قال قال أبو عبد الله (ع) ما لله تعالى منسك أحب إلى الله تبارك وتعالى من موضع المسعى وذلك انه يذل فيه كل جبار عنيد.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muawiya Bin Amaar who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘There is no ritual more Beloved to Allah-azwj Blessed and High than the place of the Sa’ee, and that is because therein is humbled every obstinate tyrant’.[65]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد قال حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار وأحمد بن ادريس جميعا عن محمد بن احمد بن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن محمد بن أسلم عن يونس عن أبي بصير قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله (ع) يقول ما من بقعة أحب إلى الله عزوجل من المسعى لانه يذل فيه كل جبار.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar and Ahmad Bin Idrees both together, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Imran Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Muhammad Bin Aslam, from Yunus, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘There is none from the spots more Beloved to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic than the Sa’ee place, because therein every tyrant is humbled’.[66]
(باب 169 – العلة التي من أجلها أحرم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله) (من مسجد الشجرة ولم يحرم دون ذلك)
Chapter 169 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-saww wore Ihraam from Masjid Al-Shajara, and did not wear Ihraam from besides that
أخبرني علي بن حاتم قال أخبرنا القاسم بن محمد قال حدثنا حمدان بن الحسين عن الحسين بن الوليد عمن ذكره قال قلت لابي عبد الله (ع) لاي علة أحرم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من مسجد الشجرة ولم يحرم من موضع دونه؟ قال: لانه لما أسرى به إلى السماء وصار بحذاء الشجرة وكانت الملائكة تأتي إلى البيت المعمور بحذاء المواضع التي هي مواقيت سوى الشجرة.
Ali Bin Hatim narrated to us, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from the one who mentioned it who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘For which reason did Rasool-Allah-saww wear Ihraam from Masjib Al Shajara and did not wear Ihraam from a place besides it?’ He (a.s.) said: ‘Because when he-saww was ascended with to the sky and went to the Base of the Throne, and the Angels used to come to the Bayt Al Mamoor by the Base of the places which are the junctures, except for Al Shajara.[67]
أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أيوب بن نوح عن صفوان بن يحيى عن معاوية بن عمار قال: قال أبو عبد الله (ع) إعلم ان من تمام الحج والعمرة ان تحرم من الوقت الذي وقته رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لا تتجاوز إلا وأنت محرم فانه وقت لاهل العراق ولم يكن يومئذ عراق بطن العقيق من قبل العراق ووقت لاهل الطائف قرن المنازل ووقت لاهل المغرب الجحفة وهي مكتوبة عندنا مهيعة ووقت لاهل المدينة ذا الحليفة ووقت لاهل اليمين يلملم ومن كان منزله بخلف هذا المواقيت مما يلي مكة فوقته منزله.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Muawiya Bin Amaar who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Know that from the completion of the Hajj and the Umrah is that you should wear Ihraam from the juncture at which Rasool-Allah-saww wore it, not exceeding it until you have worn Ihraam, for it is a juncture for the people of Al-Iraq, and in those days there did not happen to be any Iraq in the middle of Al-Ateeq, from before Al-Iraq; and a juncture for the people of Al-Taif being Qaran Al-Manaazil; and the juncture of Al-Johfa for the people of the west (north Africans), and it is written with us-asws as Mahiya; and a juncture for the people of Al-Medina is Zul Haleyfa; and a juncture for the people of Al-Yemen is Yalmalam. And for the one who house is different from these junctures, from what is adjoining Makkah, so his juncture would be his house’.[68]
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن أبيه عن صفوان بن يحيى عن أبي ايوب الخزاز قال قلت لابي عبد الله (ع) حدثني عن العقيق وقت وقته رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله أو شئ صنعه الناس؟ فقال ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وقت لاهل المدينة ذا الحليفة، ووقت لاهل المغرب الجحفة، وهي عندنا مكتوبة مهيعة، ووقت لاهل اليمن يلملم، ووقت لاهل الطايف قرن المنازل، ووقت لاهل نجد العقيق وما أنجدت.
My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Abu Ayoub Al Khazaz who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Narrate to me about Al-Ateeq juncture, did Rasool-Allah-saww make it to be a juncture or is it something which the people have made?’ So he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww made Zul Halyefa to be a juncture for the people of Al-Medina, and Al-Johfa for the people of Al-Magrib (North Africa), and with us it is written as Mahiya, and Yalmam as a juncture for the people of Al-Yemen, and Qaran Al-Manaazil for the people of Al-Taif, and Al-Ateeq as a juncture for the people of Najd, whoever comes to Najd’.[69]
(باب 170 – علة الاشعار والتقليد)
Chapter 170 – The reason for the marking and the collaring (the sacrificial camel)
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن أبيه عن النوفلي عن السكوني عن جعفر بن محمد (ع) انه سئل ما بال البدنة تقلد النعل وتشعر؟ قال أما النعل فتعرف انها بدنة ويعرفها صاحبها بنعله، وأما الاشعار فانه يحرم ظهرها على صاحبها من حيث اشعرها ولا يستطيع الشيطان أن يمسها.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,
Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws having been asked, ‘What is the matter that the (sacrificial) camel is collared by the soles and coloured?’ He-asws said: ‘As for (collaring) the soles, so it is for recognising that it is a sacrificial camel, and its owner can recognise it by its soles, and as for the colouring, so its back is forbidden upon its owner from where he colours it, and the Satan-la does not have the ability to touch it’.[70]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن علي بن مهزيار عن فضالة عن سيف بن عميرة عن عمرو ابن شمر عن جابر عن أبي جعفر (ع) قال: إنما استحسنوا الاشعار للبدن لانه أول قطرة تقطر من دمها يغفر الله له على ذلك.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat, form Sayf Bin Umeyra, from Amro Ibn Shimr, from Jabir,
Abu Ja’far-asws has said: ‘But rather, improve the colouring of the sacrificial camel, because the first drop which drops from its blood, Allah-azwj would Forgive a person upon that’.[71]
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد و عبد الله ابني محمد ابن عيسى عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن حماد عن الحلبي عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: أي رجل ساق بدنة فانكسرت قبل أن تبلغ محلها أو عرض لها موت أو هلاك فلينحرها ان قدر على ذلك ليلطخ نعلها التي قلدت به بدم حتى يعلم من مر بها انها قد ذكيت فيأكل من لحمها ان اراد، وان كان الهدي الذي انكسر أو هلك مضمونا فان عليه أن يبتاع مكان الذي انكسر أو هلك، والمضمون هو الشئ الواجب عليك في نذر أو غيره، وإن لم يكن مضمونا وإنما هو شئ تطوع به فليس عليه أن يبتاع مكانه إلا ان يشاء أن يتطوع.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad and Abdullah, two sons of Muhammad Ibn Isa, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad, from Al Halby,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Whichever man ushers his sacrificial camel, so it breaks (a leg) before it reaches its destination, or the death presents itself to it, or it gets destroyed, so he should sacrifice it to that extent, and colouring its soles which it has been collared with blood to the extent that passer-by by would know that it has been purified (Slaughtered), so he can eat from its flesh if he so intends, and the sacrificial animal who has broken (a leg), or has perished, its owner is responsible over it that he should buy (another one) in place of which is broken or perished, and responsibility is something which is Obligatory upon you with regards to a vow or something else, and if it does not happen to be under responsibility, but rather it is something which is voluntary, so there is nothing upon him that he should buy (another one) in its place, except if he so desires to, voluntarily’.[72]
(باب 171 – العلة التي من أجلها سمي يوم التروية يوم التروية)
Chapter 171 – The reason due to which the day of Al-Tarwiya has been named as the day of Al-Tarwiyya
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن أبيه عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن حماد بن عثمان عن عبيد الله بن علي الحلبي عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال سألته لم سمي يوم التروية يوم التروية؟ قال لانه لم يكن بعرفات ماء وكانوا يستقون من مكة من الماء لريهم وكان يقول بعضهم لبعض ترويتم ترويتم فسمي يوم التروية لذلك.
My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad Bin Usman, from Ubeydullah Bin Ali Al Halby,
Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws, ‘Why has the day of Al-Tarwiyya been named as the day of Al-Tarwiyya?’ He-asws said: ‘Because there did not use to be any water at Arafaat, and they were drawing water from Makkah, from the water for their irrigation, and some of them were saying to each other, ‘You have been irrigated (Tarwiyyatum), you have been irrigated (Tarwiyyatum). Thus, the day of Al-Tarwiyya was named due to that’.[73]
(باب 172 – العلة التي من أجلها سميت منى منى)
Chapter 172 – The reason due to which Mina was named as Mina
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد عن فضالة بن أيوب عن معاوية ابن عمار عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: ان جبرئيل أتى ابراهيم (ع) فقال تمن يا ابراهيم فكانت تسمى منى فسماها الناس منى.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Muawiya Ibn Amaar,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Jibraeel-as came to Ibrahim-as, so he-as said: ‘(Make a) wish (تمن), O Ibrahim-as! Thus, it was named as Mina, and the people called it Mina’.[74]
حدثنا علي بن أحمد رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله الكوفي عن محمد بن اسماعيل البرمكي عن علي بن العباس قال: حدثنا القاسم بن الربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان أبا الحسن الرضا (ع) كتب إليه العلة التي من اجلها سميت منى منى ان جبرئيل (ع) قال هناك يا ابراهيم تمن على ربك ما شئت فتمنى ابراهيم في نفسه ان يجعل الله مكان ابنه اسماعيل كبشا يأمره بذبحه فداء له فأعطى مناه.
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Barmakky, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Bin Al Rabie Al Sahaaf,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan that Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws wrote to him: ‘The reason due to which Mina is named as Mina is that Jibraeel-as said: ‘Over there, O Ibrahim-saww! Make a wish to your-as Lord-azwj whatever you-as so desire to’. So Ibrahim-as wished within himself-as that Allah-azwj should Make a ram to be in place of his-as son-as Ismail-as, He-azwj had Commanded him-as to slaughter. So he-as supplicated to Him-azwj, and his-as wish was Granted’.[75]
(باب 173 – العلة التي من أجلها سميت عرفات عرفات)
Chapter 173 – The reason due to which Arafaat was named as Arafaat
حدثنا حمزة بن محمد العلوي قال اخبرنا علي بن ابراهيم عن أبيه عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن معاوية بن عمار قال سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن عرفات لم سميت عرفات؟ فقال ان جبرئيل (ع) خرج بابراهيم صلوات الله عليه يوم عرفة فلما زالت الشمس قال له جبرئيل يا ابراهيم اعترف بذنبك واعرف مناسكك فسميت عرفات لقول جبرئيل (ع) إعترف فاعترف.
Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Muawiya Bin Amaar who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about Arafaat, why was it named as Arafaat?’ So he-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as went out with Ibrahim-saww on the Day of Arafaat, so when the sun was still (midday), he-as said to him-as: O Ibrahim-as! Acknowledge your-as sin, and recognise your-as rituals’. Thus, Arafaat was named due to the words of Jibraeel-as, ‘Acknowledge (إعترف), so he-as acknowledged’.[76]
(باب 174 – العلة التي من أجلها سمي الخيف خيفا)
Chapter 174 – The reason due to which Al-Kheef was named as Kheef
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد عن صفوان بن يحيى عن معاوية بن عمار عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: قلت له لم سمي الخيف خيفا؟ قال: إنما سمي الخيف لانه مرتفع عن الوادي وكل ما ارتفع عن الوادي سمي خيفا.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin saeed, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Muawiya Bin Amaar,
Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Why was Al-Kheef named as ‘Kheef’?’ He-asws said: ‘But rather Al-Kheef was named as such because it is raised from the valley, and every place which is raised from the valley is named as Kheef’.[77]
(باب 175 – العلة التي من اجلها سميت المزدلفة مزدلفة)
Chapter 175 – The reason due to which Al-Muzdalifa was named as Muzdalifa
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد عن صفوان عن معاوية بن عمار عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: في حديث ابراهيم (ع) ان جبرئيل (ع) انتهى به إلى الموقف فأقام به حتى غربت الشمس ثم افاض به فقال: يا ابراهيم ازدلف إلى المشعر الحرام فسميت مزدلفة.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Safwan, from Muawiya Bin Amaar,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘In a Hadeeth of Ibrahim-as is that Jibraeel-as ended up with him-as to the Pausing station. So he-as stood there with him-as until the sun set, then he-as said to him-as: ‘O Ibrahim-as! Get closer (Azdalaf) to the sacred consciousness’. Thus, it was named as Muzdalifa’.[78]
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن ابراهيم بن مهزيار عن أخيه علي بن مهزيار عن فضالة بن أيوب عن معاوية بن عمار عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: إنما سميت مزدلفة لانهم ازدلفوا إليها من عرفات.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his brother Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Muawiya Bin Amaar,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘But rather, Muzdalifa was named because get closer (Muzdalifu) to it from Arafaat’.[79]
(باب 176 – العلة التي من أجلها سميت المزدلفة جمعا)
Chapter 176 – The reason due to which Muzdalifa has been named as Jam’a
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد بن خالد عن أبيه عن محمد بن سنان عن اسماعيل بن جابر وعبد الكريم بن عمرو، عن عبد الحميد بن أبي الديلم عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال سميت المزدلفة جمعا لان آدم جمع فيها بين الصلاتين المغرب والعشاء.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ismail Bin Jabir and Abdul Kareem Bin Amro, from Abdul Hameed Bin Abu Al Daylam,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said :’Al-Muzdalifa was named as Jam’a because Adam-as gathered (Jam’a) two Prayers together therein – Al Magrib and Al Isha’.[80]
(باب 177 – علة رمي الجمار)
Chapter – 177 – Reason for pelting the stones
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن العمركي الخراساني عن علي بن جعفر عن أخيه موسى بن جعفر (ع) قال: سألته عن رمي الجمار لم جعل؟ قال: لان إبليس اللعين كان يتراءى لابراهيم (ع) في موضع الجمار فرجمه ابراهيم فجرت السنة بذلك.
My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Al Amraky Al Khurasany,
(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about pelting the stones, why was it Made to be?’ He-asws said: ‘Because Iblees-la the accursed appeared to Ibrahim-as in the place of the stones, so Ibrahim-as pelted him-la. Thus, it flowed as the Sunnah due to that’.[81]
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أيوب بن نوح عن صفوان بن يحيى عن معاوية بن عمار عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: أول من رمى الجمار آدم (ع) وقال أني جبرئيل (ع) ابراهيم فقال إرم يا ابراهيم، فرمي جمرة العقبة، وذلك ان الشيطان تمثل له عندها.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Muawiya Bin Amaar,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The first one to pelt the stones was Adam-as’. And he-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as came to Ibrahim-as and said: ‘Pelt, O Ibrahim-as!’ So he-as pelted at the rocks of Al-Aqaba, and that is that the Satan-la physically represented himself-la for him-as, at it’.[82]
(باب 178 – علة الاضحية)
Chapter 178 – Reason for the sacrifice
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن الحسين بن يزيد النوفلي عن اسماعيل بن مسلم السكوني، عن جعفر بن محمد عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله إنما جعل الله هذا الاضحى لتتسع مساكينكم من اللحم فاطعموهم.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Yazeed Al Nowfaly, from Ismail Bin Muslim Al Sakuny,
(It has been narrated) from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘But rather, Allah-azwj Made this sacrifice to make it easy for your poor ones to get hold of the meat, therefore feed them’.[83]
حدثنا علي بن أحمد بن محمد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله الكوفي الاسدي عن موسى بن عمران النخعي عن عمه الحسين بن يزيد النوفلي عن علي بن أبي حمزة عن أبي بصير عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال قلت له ما علة الاضحية فقال: انه يغفر لصاحبها عند أول قطرة تقطر من دمها إلى الارض وليعلم الله تعالى من يتقيه بالغيب قال الله تعالى: (لن ينال الله لحومها ولا دماؤها ولكن يناله التقوى منكم)، ثم قال: انظر كيف قبل الله قربان هابيل، ورد قربان قابيل.
Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy Al Asady, from Musa Bin Imran Al Nakhaie, from his uncle Al Husayn Bin Yazeed Al Nowfaly, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer,
(The narrator says), ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What is the reason of the sacrifice?’ So he-asws said: ‘It is a (means) of Forgiveness for its doer during the first drop of blood which drops from it to the ground, and for Allah-azwj to Know who fears Him-azwj being unseen. Allah-azwj the High Says [22:37] There does not reach Allah their flesh nor their blood, but to Him reaches the piety from you’. Then he-asws said: ‘Look at how Allah-azwj Accepted the offering of Habeel-as, and Turned down the offering of Qabeel-la’.[84]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن أبي جميلة عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: سألته عن لحم الاضاحي فقال كان علي بن الحسين وابنه محمد عليهما السلام يتصدقان بالثلث على جيرانهما وبثلث على المساكين وثلث يمسكانه لاهل البيت.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Abu Jameela,
(The narrator says), ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about flesh of the sacrifice, so he-asws said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, and his-asws son-asws Muhammad-asws, used to give it in charity – a third to their-asws neighbours, and a third to the poor, and a third for their-asws own families’.[85]
(باب 179 – العلة التي من أجلها يستحب استفراه الضحايا)
Chapter 179 – The reason due to which it is recommended to look after the sacrificial animal
حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن محمد بن أحمد بن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري عن موسى بن جعفر البغدادي عن عبيد الله بن عبد الله عن موسى بن ابراهيم عن أبي الحسن موسى (ع) قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: استفرهوا ضحاياكم فانها مطاياكم على الصراط.
Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Imran Al Ash’ary, from Musa Bin Ja’far Al Baghdady, from Ubeydullah Bin Abdullah, from Musa Bin Ibrahim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Look after your sacrificial animals, for these are your mounts upon the Way (Al-Siraat), (to the Paradise)’.[86]
(باب 180 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يجوز اطعام المساكين) (في كفارة اليمين من لحوم الاضاحي)
Chapter 180 – The reason due to which it is allowed to feed the poor with regards to the expiation of the oath, from flesh of the sacrificed animal
حدثنا علي بن أحمد بن محمد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله الكوفي عن سهل بن زياد عن الحسين بن يزيد عن اسماعيل بن أبي زياد عن جعفر بن محمد عن أبيه (ع) ان عليا سئل هل يطعم المساكين في كفارة اليمين من لحوم الاضاحي؟ قال لا لانه قربان لله تعالى.
Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Al Husayn Bin Yazeed, from Ismail Bin Abu Ziyad,
(It has been narrated) from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws that Ali-asws was asked, ‘Can one feed the poor with regards to an expiation for the vow, from flesh of the sacrificial animal?’ He-asws said: ‘No, because an offering is for (the Sake of) Allah-azwj the High’.[87]
(باب 181 – العلة التي من أجلها نهي عن حبس لحوم الاضاحي) (فوق ثلاثة ايام ثم اطلق في ذلك)
Chapter 181 – The reason due to which it is forbidden to withhold the flesh of the sacrificial animal more than three days, then released during that
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا محمد ابن الحسن الصفار قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن عبد الرحمان بن أبي نجران عن محمد بن حمران عن محمد بن مسلم عن أبي جعفر (ع) قال كان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله نهي أن يحبس لحوم الاضاحي فوق ثلاثة ايام من أجل الحاجة، فأما اليوم فلا بأس به.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Ibn Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran, from Muhammad Bin Hamran, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww used to forbid that the flesh of the sacrificial animal be withheld for more than three days for the need. As for today, so there is no problem with it’.[88]
حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن يحيى العطار رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا أبي عن محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن محمد بن اسماعيل بن بزيع عن يونس عن جميل ابن دراج قال سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن حبس لحوم الاضاحي فوق ثلاثة أيام بمنى قال لا بأس بذلك اليوم ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله إنما نهى عن ذلك أولا لان الناس كانوا يومئذ مجهودين فأما اليوم فلا بأس،
Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khataab, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Bazie, from Yunus, from Jameel Ibn Daraj who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about withholding the flesh of the sacrificial animal for more than three days at Mina. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with that today. But rather, Rasool-Allah-saww forbid from that at first, because the people in those days used to be labourers, but as for today, so there is no problem’.
وقال أبو عبد الله (ع) كنا ننهي الناس عن اخراج لحوم الاضاحي بعد ثلاثة أيام لقلة اللحم وكثرة الناس فأما اليوم فقد كثر اللحم وقل الناس فلا بأس باخراجه.
And Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The people were forbidden from taking out the flesh of the sacrificial animal after three days due to the scarcity of the flesh and the abundance of the people, but as for today, to the flesh is abundant and the people are few, so there is no problem with it being taken out’.[89]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن العباس العلوي قال حدثنا محمد بن عبد الله بن موسى بن عبد الله عن أبيه عن خاله زيد بن علي عن أبيه عن جده عن علي (ع) قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله نهيتكم عن ثلاث نهيتكم عن زيارة القبور ألا فزوروها ونهيتكم عن اخراج لحوم الاضاحي من منى بعد ثلاث ألا فكلوا وادخروا، ونهيتكم عن النبيذ الا فانبذوا وكل مسكر حرام – يعني الذي ينبذ بالغداة ويشرب بالعشى وينبذ بالعشى ويشرب بالغداة فإذا غلى فهو حرام.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Abdullah Bin Al Abbas Al Alawy, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Musa Bin Abdullah, from his father, from his uncle Zayd Bin Ali, from his father,
(It has been narrated) from his grandfather-asws Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww had forbidden you from three – I-saww had forbidden you from visiting the graves, but (now) you can visit these; and I-saww had forbidden you from taking out the flesh of the sacrificed animal from Mina after three (days), but (now), you can eat it and hoard it; and I-saww had forbidden you from Al-Nabeez (grape juice) but (now), you can drinking it, but every intoxicant is Prohibited – meaning that juice which is made during the day and drunk in the evening, and made during the evening and drunk by the day. So, when it simmer (froth/ferments), so it is prohibited’.[90]
(باب 182 – العلة التي من أجلها يجوز أن يعطي الاضحية) (من يسلخها بجلدها)
Chapter 182 – The reason due to which it is allowed to give the skin of the sacrificial animal to the one who skins it
أبي رحمه الله ومحمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رحمهما الله قالا: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن محمد بن أحمد بن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري عن علي ابن اسماعيل عن صفوان بن يحيى الازرق قال قلت لابي ابراهيم (ع): الرجل يعطي الضحية من يسلخها بجلدها؟ قال لا بأس به إنما قال عزوجل: (فكلوا منها واطعموا) والجلد لا يؤكل ولا يطعم.
My father and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed both said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Imran Al Ashary, from Ali Ibn Ismail, from Safwan Bin Yahya Al Azraq who said,
‘I said to Abu Ibrahim-asws (7th Imam-asws), ‘Can the man give the skin of the sacrificed animal to the one who skins it?’ He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it. But rather, the Mighty and Majestic Says [22:36] eat from these and feed – and skin is neither eaten nor fed’.[91]
(باب 183 – العلة التي من أجلها يجب على من لا يجد) (ثمن الاضحية أن يتسقرض)
Chapter 183 – The reason due to which it is Obligatory upon the one who cannot find the price of the sacrificial animal, that he should borrow
حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار، عن محمد بن أحمد بن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري، عن موسى بن جعفر البغدادي عن عبيد الله بن عبد الله، عن موسى بن ابراهيم، عن أبي الحسن موسى (ع) قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لام سلمة وقد قالت له يا رسول الله نحضر الاضحى وليس عندي ما اضحي به فأستقرض واضحي؟ قال فاستقرضي فانه دين مقضى.
Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Imran Al Ashary, from Musa Bin Ja’far Al Baghdady, from Ubeydullah Bin Abdullah, from Musa Bin Ibrahim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to Umm Salma-as, and she-as had said to him-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! The (time for) sacrifice has presented itself, and there is nothing with me-as that I-as can offer it with. So, shall I-as borrow and make a sacrifice?’ He-saww said: ‘Borrow, for it would get paid back’.[92]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله البرقي عن أحمد بن يحيى المقرى عن عبد الله بن موسى عن اسرائيل عن أبي اسحاق عن شريح بن هاني عن علي (ع) انه قال لو علم الناس ما في الاضحية لاستدانوا وضحوا انه ليغفر لصاحب الاضحية عند أول قطرة تقطر من دمها.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Al Maqr, from Abdullah Bin Musa, from Israil, from Abu Is’haq, from Shareeh Bin Hany,
(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws having said: ‘Had the people known what is in the sacrifice, they would borrow and sacrifice, for it is a Forgiveness for its doer at the first drop which drops from its blood’.[93]
(باب 184 – العلة التي من أجلها تجزى البدنة عن نفس) (واحدة وتجزي البقرة عن خمسة أنفس)
Chapter 184 – The reason due to which the sacrificial camel suffices for one, and the cow suffices for five souls
حدثنا بذلك محمد بن الحسن بن احمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن وهيب بن حفص عن أبي بصير عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: البقرة والبدنة تجريان عن سبعة إذا اجتمعوا من أهل بيت ومن غيرهم.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us with that, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khattab, from Waheyb Bin Hafs, from Abu Baseer,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The cow and the sacrificial camel both flow for seven, if they are gathering together from one family, and from others’.[94]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن بنان بن محمد عن محمد بن الحسن عن يونس بن يعقوب قال سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن البقرة يضحى بها؟ قال فقال تجزى عن سبعة متفرقين.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Banan Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the cow sacrificed by it?’ So he-asws said: ‘It suffices for seven separate ones’.[95]
(باب 185 – العلة التي من أجلها يجزي في الهدى الجذع) (من الضأن ولا يجزى الجذع من المعز)
Chapter 185 – The reason due to which the two year old lamb suffices regarding the sacrifice and the two year old goat does not suffice
حدثنا محمد بن موسى المتوكل رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن العباس بن معروف عن علي بن مهزيار عن محمد بن يحيى الخزاز عن حماد بن عثمان قال قلت لابي عبد الله (ع) ادنى ما يجزى في الهدى من اسنان الغنم قال فقال الجذع من الضأن قال: قلت الجذع من الماعز قال فقال: لا يجزى قال فقلت له جعلت فداك ما العلة فيه قال فقال لان الجذع من الضأن يلقح والجذع من العز لا يلقح.
Muhammad Bin Musa Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Khazaz, from Hamaad Bin Usman who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The lowest of what suffices regarding the sacrifice from the years of the sheep?’ So he-asws said: ‘The two year old lamb’. I said, ‘(What about) the two year old from the goat?’ So he-asws said: ‘It does not suffice’. So I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! What is the reason for it?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because the two year old lamb impregnates, and the two year old goat does not impregnate’.[96]
(باب 186 – العلة التي من أجلها سقط الذبح عن تمتع) عن أمه وأهل بحجه عن أبيه)
Chapter 186 – The reason due to which the one who is performing the (Umrah) Tamatto on behalf of his mother and puts on Ihraam for the Hajj on behalf of his father, the slaughter is dropped (he is exempt)
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا أحمد بن ادريس قال حدثنا محمد بن أحمد بن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري عن محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن محمد ابن اسماعيل بن بزيع بن صالح بن عقبة عن الحارث بن المغيرة عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: سألته عن رجل تمتع عن امه وأهل بحجه عن أبيه قال ان ذبح فهو خير له وان لم يذبح فليس عليه شئ لانه تمتع عن أمه وأهل بحجه عن أبيه.
My father narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Imran Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khattab, from Muhammad Ibn Ismail Bin Bazie Bin Salih Bin Uqba, from Al Haris Bin Al Mugheira,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, I asked him-asws about a man who is performing (Umrah) Tamatto on behalf of his mother, and puts on Ihraam for performing Hajj on behalf of his father. He-asws said: ‘If he slaughters, it would be better for him, and if he does not slaughter, so there is nothing upon him, because he is performing (Umrah) Tamatto on behalf of his mother, and puts on Ihraam for performing Hajj on behalf of his father’.[97]
(باب 188 – العلة التي من أجلها سمي الحج الاكبر)
Chapter 188 – The reason due to which the Hajj was named as The Greatest (الاكبر)
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن علي بن محمد القاشاني عن القاسم بن محمد الاصبهاني عن سليمان بن داود المنقري عن حفص بن غياث النخعي القاضي قال سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن قول الله تعالى: (واذان من الله ورسوله إلى الناس يوم الحج الاكبر) فقال: قال أمير المؤمنين (ع) كنت أنا الاذان في الناس، قلت: فما معنى هذه اللفظة الحج الاكبر؟ قال: إنما سمي الاكبر لانها كانت سنة حج فيها المسلمون والمشركون ولم يحج المشركون بعد تلك السنة.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ali Bin Muhammad Al Qashany, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad Al Asbahany, from Suleyman Bin Dawood Al Manqary, from Hafs Bin Gayas Al Nakhaie Al Qazy who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj the High [9:3] And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool to the people on the day of the Greatest Pilgrimage, so he-asws said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘I-asws was the Proclamation (Azaan) among the people’. I said, ‘So what is the meaning of these words, ‘The Greatest Pilgrimage’?’ He-asws said: ‘But rather, it has been named as ‘the greatest’, because it was a year in which the Muslims and the Polytheists performed Hajj, and the Polytheists did not perform Hajj after that year’.[98]
(باب 189 – العلة التي من أجلها سمي الطائف طائفا)
Chapter 189 – The reason due to which Al-Taif was named as Taif
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن ابراهيم بن مهزيار عن أخيه علي باسناده قال قال أبو الحسن (ع) في الطائف أتدري لم سمي الطايف؟ قلت لا فقال إن ابراهيم (ع) دعا ربه أن يرزق أهله من كل الثمرات فقطع لهم قطعة من الاردن فأقبلت حتى طافت بالبيت سبعا ثم أقرها الله في موضعها فانما سميت الطائف لطوافه بالبيت.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his brother Ali, by his chain, said,
‘Abu Al-Hassan-asws said with regards to Al-Taif: ‘Do you know why it is named as Al-Taif?’ I said, ‘No’. So he-asws said : ‘Ibrahim-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj that He-azwj should Sustain his-as family from every (type of) fruit. So a piece of land from Jordan was cut-off for him-as, until it circumambulated by the House (Kabah) seven (circuits). Then Allah-azwj Settled it in its place. So it was named as Al-Taif due to it circumambulating of the House (Kabah)’.[99]
أخبرني علي بن حاتم قال: حدثنا محمد بن جعفر وعلي بن سليمان قالا حدثنا أحمد بن محمد قال قال الرضا (ع) أتدري لم سميت الطائف طائفا؟ قلت: لا قال: لان الله تعالى لما ادعاه ابراهيم (ع) أن يرزق أهله من كل الثمرات أمر بقطعة من الاردن فسارت بثمارها حتى طافت بالبيت ثم أمرها ان تنصرف إلى هذا الموضع الذي سمي الطائف فلذلك سمي الطائف.
Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far and Ali Bin Suleyman who both said it was narrated by Ahmad Bin Muhammad who said,
‘Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Do you know why Al-Taif was named as Taif?’ I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘Because when Allah-azwj the High was supplicated to by Ibrahim-as that He-azwj should Sustain his-as family from every fruit, Commanded a piece of land from Jordan, so it came with its fruits and circumambulated the House (Kabah). Then He-azwj Commanded it that it should leave to be at this place which is called Al-Taif. Thus, it was due to that (Tawaaf), it was named as Taif’.[100]
(باب 190 – العلة التي من أجلها صير الموقف) (بالمشعر ولم يصير بالحرم)
Chapter 190 – The reason due to which one has to come to the Pausing Station by the Mash’ar, and not come by the Sanctuary
حدثنا الحسين بن علي بن أحمد الصايغ رحمه الله قال حدثنا الحسين بن الحجال عن سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثني محمد بن الحسن الهمداني قال سألت ذاالنون المصري قلت يا أبا الفيض لم صير الموقف بالمشعر ولم يصير بالحرم؟ قال: حدثني من سأل الصادق عليه السلام ذلك فقال: لان الكعبة بيت الله والحرم حجابه والمشعر بابه فلما أن قصده الزائرون وقفهم بالباب حتى أذن لهم بالدخول، ثم وقفهم بالحجاب الثاني وهو مزدلفة
Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Ahmad Al Sa’ig narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hajaal, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al-Hamdany who said, ‘I asked Zalnoon the Egyptian. I said, ‘O Abu Al-Fayz! Why does one come to the Pausing Station by the Mash’ar and does not come by the Sanctuary?’ He said, ‘The one who asked that to Al-Sadiq-asws narrated to me, so he-asws said, ‘Because the Kabah is the House of Allah-azwj and the Sanctuary is its Guard, and the Mash’ar is its Gate. So when the visitors intend for it, they are paused at the Gate until permission is granted to them for the entering. Then they are paused at the second guard, and it is Muzdalifa.
فلما نظر إلى طول تضرعهم أمرهم بتقريب قربانهم فلما قربوا قربانهم وقضوا تفثهم وتطهروا من الذنوب التي كانت لهم حجابا دونه أمرهم بالزيارة على طهارة
So when He-azwj Looks at their prolonged supplications, Commands them with the offering of their sacrifices, and purify themselves and be clean from the sins, which were a veil for them from Him-azwj, Commands them with the visitation upon the cleanliness’.
قال فقلت فلم كره الصيام في أيام التشريق فقال لان القوم زوار الله وهم (أضيافه) وفي ضيافته ولا ينبغي للضيف أن يصوم عند من زاره وأضافه
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘So why is the Fasting disliked during the days of Al-Tashreeq?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because the people are visitors of Allah-azwj, and they as His-azwj guests, and in them being His-azwj Guests it is not befitting for the guests that they should be Fasting when they are visiting Him-azwj and are being His-azwj guests’.
قلت فالرجل يتعلق بأستار الكعبة ما يعني بذلك قال مثل ذلك مثل الرجل يكون بينه وبين الرجل جناية فيتعلق بثوبه يستخذي له رجاء أن يهب له جرمه.
I said, ‘So the men who hand by the curtains of the Kabah, what do they mean by that?’ He-asws said: ‘The example of that is an example of the man who happens to be in between him and the men (as an arbitrator) for a crime, so he tends to hang on to his clothes, beseeching him in hope for his crime to be gifted (forgiven)’.[101]
(باب 191 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يكتب على الحاج) (ذنب أربعة أشهر)
Chapter 191 – The reason due to which the sins are not Written for the Pilgrim for four months
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن أبيه عن الحسين بن خالد قال قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام لاي شئ صار الحاج لا يكتب لهم ذنب أربعة اشهر؟ قال: لان الله تبارك وتعالى أباح للمشركين أشهر الحرم أربعة أشهر إذ يقول فسيحوا في الارض اربعة اشهر فمن ثم وهب لم حج من المؤمنين البيت الذنوب اربعة أشهر.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from his father, from Al Husayn Bin Khalid who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘For which thing did the Pilgrim came to be such that no sin is Written for him for four months (after the performance of Hajj)?’ He-asws said: ‘Because Allah-azwj Blessed and High Permitted for the Polytheists sacred months, four months when He-azwj Said [9:2] So go about in the land for four months. So from then onwards He-azwj Gifted (Forgave) the Believers who perform the Hajj of the House (Kabah), sins for four months’.[102]
(باب 192 – العلة التي من أجلها افاض رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله) (من المشعر خلاف أهل الجاهلية)
Chapter 192 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-saww proceeded from Al Mash’ar, in opposition to the people of the Pre-Islamic period
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد ابن عيسى عن الحسين بن سعيد عن صفوان بن يحيى وابن أبي عمير وفضالة عن معاوية بن عمار عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال كان أهل الجاهلية يقولون أشرق ثبير يعنون الشمس كيما نغير وإنما افاض رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من المشعر لانهم كانوا يفيضون بايجاف الخيل وإيضاع الابل فأفاض رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله السكينة والوقار والدعة وأفاض بذكر الله تعالى والاستغفار وحركة لسانه.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Safwan Bin Yahya and Ibn Abu Umeyr and Fazalat, from Muawiya Bin Amaar,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The people in the Pre-Islamic period were saying, ‘Shine, Subeyr!’ – meaning the sun – ‘So we can go (for Hajj)’. But rather, Rasool-Allah-saww proceeded from Al-Mash’ar because they used to be proceeding with the horses and the camels. So Rasool-Allah-saww proceeded with the tranquillity, and the dignity, and the tenderness, and proceeded by the Mentioning of Allah-azwj the High and the Forgiveness and moved his-saww tongue’.[103]
(باب 193 – العلة التي من أجلها يقام الحد على الجاني في الحرم) (ولا يقام على الجاني في غير الحرم إذا فر إلى الحرم)
Chapter 193 – The reason due to which the Limit (Punishment) is established upon the offender inside the Sanctuary and is not established upon the offender in other than the Sanctuary when he flees to the Sanctuary
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن ابراهيم بن مهزيار عن اخيه علي عن ابن أبي عمير عن حفص بن البختري قال: سألت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام عن الرجل يجني الجناية في غير الحرم ثم يلجأ إلى الحرم يقام عليه الحد؟ قال: لا ولا يطعم ولا يسقى ولا يكلم ولا يبايع فانه إذا فعل ذلك به يوشك ان يخرج فيقام عليه الحد، وإذا جنى في الحرم جناية أقيم عليه الحد في الحرم لانه لم ير للحرم حرمة.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his brother Ali , from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hafs Bin Al-Bakhtary who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the man who commits an offence outside the Sanctuary, then goes into the Sanctuary, is the Limit to be established upon him?’ He-asws said: ‘No, by Allah-azwj, and neither should he be fed, nor watered, nor spoken to, nor sold to. So when this is done with him, he would come out and the Limit would be established upon him. And when he commits the offence inside the Sanctuary, the Limit would be established upon him inside the Sanctuary, because he does not view the Sanctuary as sanctimonious’.[104]
(باب 194 – العلة التي من أجلها سمي الابطح أبطح)
Chapter 194 – The reason due to which Al-Abtah was named as Abtah
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد بن خالد عن أبيه عن محمد بن سنان عن اسماعيل بن جابر وعبد الكريم بن عمرو عن عبد الحميد بن أبي الديلم عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال سمي الابطح أبطح لان آدم امر أن ينبطح في بطحاء جمع فانبطح حتى انفجر الصبح ثم امر ان يصعد جبل جمع وأمر إذا طلعت الشمس ان يعترف بذنبه ففعل ذلك آدم فأرسل الله تعالى نارا من السماء فقبضت قربان آدم.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ismail Bin Jabir and Abdul Kareem Bin Amro, from Abdul Hameed Bin Abu Al Daylam,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Al-Abtah was named as Abtah (valley basin) because Adam-as because Adam-as was Commanded that he-as should be flat (prostrate) at Bat’ha Jam’a. So he-as remained like that until the break of dawn. Then he-as was Commanded that he-as ascend a mountain of Jam’a, and was Commanded that when the sun emerges, he-as should acknowledge his-as sins. So Adam-as did that. So, Allah-azwj the High Sent a Flame from the sky, so it seized the offering of Adam-as’.[105]
(باب 195 – العلة التي من أجلها يأكل المحرم الصيد إذا اضطر إليه) (وعلة من روى انه يأكل الميتة)
Chapter 195 – The reason due to which the one in Ihram can eat the game when he is desperate for it; and reason, from a report, that he can eat the dead (animals/fish etc.)
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن العمركي عن علي بن جعفر عن أخيه موسى بن جعفر عليه السلام قال: سألته عن المحرم إذا اضطر إلى أكل صيد وميتة وقلت ان الله تعالى حرم الصيد وأحل الميتة قال يأكل ويفديه فانما يأكل من ماله.
My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Al Amraky,
(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the one in Ihraam when he is desperate to eat game (hunted animal/fish), and dead. And I said, that Allah-azwj the High has Forbidden the hunting and allowed the dead’. He-asws said: ‘He can eat, and pay the redemption of it. But rather, he would be eating from his own wealth’.[106]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن علي بن مهزيار عن فضالة عن أبان عن أبي أيوب قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن رجل اضطر وهو محرم إلى صيد وميتة من أيهما يأكل؟ قال يأكل من الصيد قلت فان الله قد حرمه عليه وأحل له الميتة قال يأكل ويفدي فانما يأكل من ماله.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat, from Aban, from Abu Ayoub who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about a man who is desperate to the hunt and the dead, and he is in Ihraam, which of these two should he eat?’ He-asws said: ‘He can eat from the hunt’. I said, ‘But Allah-azwj had Forbidden it upon him, and Permitted the dead for him?’ He-asws said: ‘He should eat, and pay the redemption. But rather, he would be eating from his own wealth’.[107]
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال حدثنا محمد بن عبد الحميد عن يونس بن يعقوب عن منصور بن حازم قال قلت لابي عبد الله (ع) محرم قد اضطر إلى صيد وإلى ميتة فمن أيهما يأكل؟ قال: يأكل من الصيد قلت أليس قد أحل الله الميتة لمن اضطر إليها قال بلى ولكن يفدي، أال ترى انه إنما يأكل من ماله ويأكل الصيد وعليه فداؤه.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Hameed, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub, from Mansour Bin Hazim who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘One in Ihraam is desperate to hunt or to (eat from) a dead, so from which of these two should he eat?’ He-asws said: ‘He should eat from the hunt’. I said, ‘Has Allah-azwj not Permitted the dead to the one who is desperate to it?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, but he should pay the redemption. Can you not see that he would be eating from his own wealth, and he eats the hunt and upon his is its redemption’.
وروى انه يأكل الميتة لانها احلت له ولم يحل له الصيد.
And it has been reported that he can eat the dead because it is Permissible for him, and the game (hunt) is not Permissible for him’.[108]
(باب 196 – علة كراهة المقام بمكة)
Chapter 196 – Reason for the disliking the staying at Makkah
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا احمد بن أدريس قال حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسين بن سعيد عن محمد بن الفضل عن أبي الصباح الكناني قال سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن قول الله تعالى (ومن يرد فيه بالحاد بظلم نذقه من عذاب أليم) فقال: كل ظلم يظلم به الرجل نفسه بمكة من سرقة أو ظلم أحد أو شئ من الظلم فاني أراه إلحادا ولذلك كان ينهي أن يسكن الحرم.
My father said, ‘Ahmad Bin Idrees narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazal, from Abu Al Sabah Al Kanany who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj the High [22:25] and whoever shall incline therein to wrong unjustly, We will Make him taste of a painful Punishment. So he-asws said: ‘Every injustice that the man does himself at Makkah, from theft, or being unjust to anyone, or something from the injustices, for I-asws see it as the Atheism, and it is due to that it has been forbidden to settle in the Sanctuary’.[109]
حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسرور رحمه الله قال حدثنا الحسين بن محمد ابن عامر قال حدثنا أحمد بن محمد السيارى قال روي جماعة من أصحابنا رفعوه إلى أبي عبد الله (ع) انه كره المقام بمكة وذلك ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله أخرج عنها والمقيم بها يقسو قلبه حتى يأتي في غيرها.
Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masroor narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Ibn Aamir, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Sayyari, from a group of his companions,
(Ithas been) raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws that he-asws disliked the staying at Makkah, and that is that Rasool-Allah-saww came out from it, and the one staying in it, his heart would be hardened until he goes elsewhere’.[110]
وعنه قال حدثنا الحسين بن محمد عن أحمد بن محمد السياري عن محمد ابن جمهور رفعه إلى أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال إذا قضي أحدكم نسكه فليركب راحلته وليلحق بأهله فان المقام بمكة يقسي القلب.
And from him who said, ‘Al Husayn Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Sayyari, from Muhammad Ibn Jamhour,
(Ithas been) raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When one of you has fulfilled his rituals, so let him ride upon his animal, and meet up with his family, for the staying at Makkah tends to harden the heart’.[111]
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا علي بن سليمان الرازي قال حدثنا محمد بن خالد الخزاز عن العلا عن محمد بن مسلم عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: لا ينبغي للرجل أن يقيم بمكة سنة قلت فكيف يصنع قال يتحول عنها إلى غيرها، ولا ينبغي لاحد أن يرفع بناءه فوق الكعبة.
My father said, ‘Ali Bin Suleyman Al-Razy narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Khalid Al-Khazaz, from Al-A’ala, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
(Ithas been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘It is not befitting for a person that he should stay at Makkah for a year’. I said, ‘So what should he do?’ He-asws said: ‘He should move to somewhere else. And it is not befitting for anyone that one should raise his construction above the (height of the) Kabah’.[112]
(باب 197 – العلة التي من أجلها يكره الاحتباء في المسجد الحرام)
Chapter 197 – The reason due to which Al-Ihtiba’a (sitting with knees tied up) in the Sacred Masjid
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن يحيى عن حماد ابن عثمان قال: رأيت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام يكره الاحتباء للمحرم قال: ويكره الاحتباء في المسجد الحرام إعظاما للكعبة.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Yahya, from Hamaad Ibn Usman who said,
‘I saw Abu Abdullah-asws disliking Al-Ihtiba’a (sitting with knees tied up) for the one in Ihraam. And he-asws disliked Al-Ihtibaa in the Sacred Masjid for the reverence to the Kabah’.[113]
(باب 198 – العلة التي من أجلها صار الركوب في الحج أفضل من المشى)
Chapter 198 – The reason due to which the riding with regards to the Hajj is preferable than the walking
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن أبيه عن ابن أبي عمير عن رفاعة بن موسى النخاس عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام انه سئل عن الحج ماشيا أفضل أم راكبا؟ قال: بل راكبا فان رسول الله عليه السلام حج راكبا.
My father said, ‘Alli Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Rafa’at Bin Musa Al Nakhaas,
(Ithas been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having been asked about the Hajj, is walking (to it) better or riding?’ He-asws said: ‘But, riding, for Rasool-Allah-saww went for Hajj riding’.[114]
وأخبرني علي بن حاتم قال أخبرني الحسن بن علي بن مهزيار عن أبيه عن ابن أبي عمير عن رفاعة وعبد الله بن بكير عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام مثله.
And Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Mahziyar, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Rafa’at, and Abdullah Bin Bakeyr,
(Ithas been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, similar to it (the above Hadeeth)’.[115]
وعنه قال حدثنا محمد بن حمدان قال حدثنا عبد الله بن أحمد عن ابن أبي عمير وعن رفاعة بن موسى النخاس مثله.
And from him, said, ‘Muhammad Bin Hamdan narrated to us, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, and from Rafa’at Bin Musa Al Nakhas – similar to it’.[116]
وعنه قال حدثنا محمد بن حمدان الكوفي قال حدثنا الحسن بن محمد بن سماعة عن صفوان بن يحيى عن سيف التمار قال قلت لابي عبد الله (ع) إنا كنا نحن مشاة فبلغنا عنك شئ فما ترى؟ قال ان الناس يحجون مشاة ويركبون قلت ليس ذلك أسألك فقال عن أي شئ تسألني؟ قلت أيما أحب اليك ان نصنع قال تركبون أحب إلي فان ذلك أقوى لكم على العبادة والدعاء.
And from him who said, ‘Muhammad Bin Hamdan Al Kufy narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Sama’at, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Sayf Al Tamaar who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘We used to walk (to Hajj), so something from you-asws reached us. So what is your-asws view?’ He-asws said: ‘The people are going for Hajj walking and riding’. I said, ‘That is not what I asked you-asws’. So he-asws said: ‘About which thing did you ask me-asws?’ I said, ‘Which of these two is more beloved to you-asws that we should do?’ He-asws said: ‘Your riding is more beloved to me-asws, for that is more strengthening for you upon the worshipping and the supplications’.[117]
حدثنا علي بن أحمد رحمه الله قال حدثنا أحمد بن أبي عبد الله الكوفي قال حدثنا سهل بن زياد عن أحمد بن محمد بن أبي نصر عن علي بن أبي حمزة عن أبي بصير قال سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن المشي أفضل أو الركوب؟ فقال إذا كان الرجل موسرا فمشى ليكون أقل لنفقته فالركوب أفضل.
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the walking (to Hajj), is it better or the riding?’ So he-asws said: ‘If the man was financially straitened so he should walk for it would be less for his expenses, but the riding is preferable’.[118]
وعنه عن محمد بن أبي عبد الله قال حدثنا موسى بن عمران عن الحسين بن سعيد عن الفضل بن يحيى عن سليمان قال قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام أنا نريد أن نخرج إلى مكة مشاة فقال لا تمشوا اخرجوا ركبانا فقلنا أصلحك الله انا بلغنا عن الحسن بن علي صلوات الله عليه انه حج عشرين حجة ماشيا فقال ان الحسن بن علي (ع) كان يحج وتساق معه الرحال.
And (narrated) from him, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Musa Bin Imran, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Fazal Bin Yahya, from Suleyman who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘We are intending to go out to Makkah walking’. So he-asws said :’Do not walk, go out riding’. So we said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! It has reached us that Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws went to Hajj twenty times, walking’. So he-asws said: ‘Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws was going to Hajj, and with him-asws were the backpackers (lots of other men)’.[119]
(باب 199 – العلة التي من أجلها صار التكبير أيام التشريق) (بمنى في دبر خمس عشرة صلاة وبالامصار) (في دبر عشر صلوات)
Chapter 199 – The reason due to which the exclamation of the Greatness of Allah-azwj (Takbeer) came to be after fifteen Prayers during the days of Al-Tashreek at Mina, and at the cities at the end of ten Prayers
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن يعقوب بن يزيد ومحمد ابن الحسين وعلي بن اسماعيل عن حماد بن عيسى عن حريز عن زرارة قال: قلت لابي جعفر (ع) التكبير ايام التشريق في دبر الصلاة قال: التكبير بمنى في دبر خمس عشر صلاة من صلاة الظهر يوم النحر إلى صلاة الغداة فقال: تقول فيه (الله اكبر الله اكبر لا إله إلا الله والله اكبر الله اكبر على ما هدانا والله اكبر على ما رزقنا من بهيمة الانعام والحمد الله على ما أبلانا) وإنما جعل في ساير الامصار في دبر عشر صلوات التكبير لانه إذا نفر الناس في النفر الاول امسك أهل الامصار عن التكبير وكبر أهل منى ماداموا بمنى إلى النفر الاخير.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed and Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn and Ali Bin Ismail, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zarara who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘(What about) the Takbeer on the days of Al-Tashreeq and the end of the Prayer?’ He-asws said: ‘The Takbeer at Mina at the end of the fifteen Prayers, from Al-Zohr Prayer on the day of the sacrifice up to the morning Prayer. So you should be saying in it, ‘Allah-azwj is the Greatest! Allah-azwj is the Greatest! There is no god except for Allah-azwj, and Allah-azwj is the Greatest upon what He-azwj has Guided us, and Allah-azwj is the Greatest upon what He-azwj has Sustained us from beasts, the cattle, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj upon what He-azwj has Tested us
)الله اكبر الله اكبر لا إله إلا الله والله اكبر الله اكبر على ما هدانا والله اكبر على ما رزقنا من بهيمة الانعام والحمد الله على ما أبلانا(.
But rather, the Takbeer has been Made to be in the rest of the cities, at the end of ten Prayers, because when a number of the people among the first of the persons to proceed, then the people of the cities would refrain from the Takbeer, and the people of Mina would exclaim Takbeer for as long as they are at Mina, up to the last of the persons’.[120]
(باب 200 – العلة التي من أجلها صار الركن الشامي متحركا) (في الشتاء والصيف)
Chapter 200 – The reason due to which Al-Shamy corner moves in the winter and the summer
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن الحسين بن اسحاق التاجر وعن علي بن مهزيار عن الحسن بن الحصين عن محمد بن فضيل عن العزرمي قال كنت مع أبي عبد الله (ع) جالسا في الحجر تحت الميزاب ورجل يخاصم رجلا وأحدهما يقول لصاحبه والله ما ندرى من أين تهب الريح فلما أكثر عليه قال له أبو عبد الله (ع) هل تدري من أي تهب الريح؟ فقال لا ولكني اسمع الناس يقولون فقلت: انا لابي عبد الله (ع) من أين تهب الريح؟ فقال ان الريح مسجونة تحت هذا الركن الشامي فإذا أراد الله تعالى أن يرسل منها شيئا أخرجه أما جنوبا فجنوب وأما شمالا فشمال واما صباء فصباء واما دبورا فدبور
My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Is’haq Al Tajir, and from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al Hassan Bin Al Haseyn, from Muhammad Bin Fazeyl, from Al Azramy who said,
‘I was seated with Abu Abdullah-asws near the (Black) Stone under the groove, and a man was disputing with a man, and one of the two was saying to his companion, ‘By Allah-azwj! I don’t know where the wind blows’. So when there was a lot (of talk) over it, Abu Abdullah-asws said to him: ‘Do you know from where the wind blows?’ So he said, ‘No, but I heard the people saying’. So I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘From where does the wind blow?’ So he-asws said: ‘The wind is imprisoned beneath this Al-Shamy corner. So, whenever Allah-azwj Intends that He-azwj should Send something from it, Brings it out. As for the south (wind), so it is the south, and as for the north (wind) so it is the north, and as for Saba’a for it is Saba’a, and as for Dabour, so it is Dabour’.
ثم قال وآية ذلك إنك لا تزال ترى هذا الركن متحركا ابدا في الشتاء والصيف والليل والنهار.
Then he-asws said: ‘And the sign of that is you will not cease to see this corner moving ever, in the winter, and the summer, and the night, and the day’.[121]
(باب 201 – العلة التي من أجلها صار البيت مرتفعا يصعد إليه بالدرج)
Chapter 201 – The reason due to which the House (Kabah) became so high that one has to ascend to it with the stairs
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن ابن أبي عمير عن أبي علي صاحب الانماط عن أبان بن تغلب قال: لما هدم الحجاج الكعبة فرق الناس ترابها فلما صاروا إلى بنائها وارادوا ان يبنوها خرجت عليهم حية فمنعت الناس البناء حتى انهزموا فأتوا الحجاج فأخبروه فخاف أن يكون قد منع بناءها فصعد المنبر، ثم انشد الناس وقال انشد الله عبدا عنده مما ابتلينا به علم لما أخبرنا به قال فقام إليه شيخ فقال ان يكن عند أحد علم فعند رجل رأيته جاء إلى الكعبة فأخذ مقدارها ثم مضى فقال الحجاج من هو؟ فقال علي بن الحسين (ع) فقال: معدن ذلك
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ali Sahib Al Anmaat,
(It has been narrated) from Aban Bin Tablugh who said, ‘When Al-Hajjaj demolished the Kabah, the people dispersed with its sand. When the people came to re-build it, and intended that its building work should start, a snake came out to them. So the people were prevented from the building until they were defeated. So they came to Al-Hajjaj and informed him of it. So he feared that it may so happen that its building would be prevented. So he ascended the pulpit, then adjured the people and said, ‘I adjure with Allah-azwj, if there is a servant who has knowledge with him of how to get out from our trial, so he should inform us of it’. So an old man stood up and said, ‘ If there happens to be knowledge with anyone, so it would be with a man whom I saw come to the Kabah, so he-asws took its measurements, then went away’. So Al-Hajjaj said, ‘Who is he?’ So he said, ‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws’. So he said, ‘Bring that one near’.
فبعث إلى علي بن الحسين (ع) فأتاه فاخبره بما كان من منع الله اياه البناء، فقال له علي بن الحسين: يا حجاج عمدت إلى بناء ابراهيم واسماعيل فالقيته في الطريق وانتهبته كانك ترى انه تراث لك، اصعد المنبر فانشد الناس أن لا يبقى أحد منهم أخذ منه شيئا إلا رده،
So he sent message to Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws. So he-asws came to him. So he informed him-asws with what Allah-azwj had Prevented him from the construction. So Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said to him: ‘O Hajjaj! You proceeded to start the building of Ibrahim-as and Ismail-as, so you cast it in the middle of the road (left it unfinished), and dealt with it as if you viewed it as being an inheritance for you. Ascend the pulpit, so adjure the people that there should not remain anyone from among them who has taken anything from it, so he should return it’.
قال: ففعل فانشد الناس أن لا يبقى أحد منهم أخذ منه شيئا إلا رده، قال: فردوه فلما رأي جميع التراب أتى علي بن الحسين فوضع الاساس وأمرهم أن يحفروا،
He (the narrator) said, ‘So he did it. He adjured the people that there should not remain anyone from them who had taken anything from it (Kabah) except that he should return it. So they returned it. So when he-asws saw all the sand, Ali-asws Bin Al Husayn-asws came over, so he-asws placed the foundation and ordered them that they should dig.
قال: فتغيبت الحية عنهم وحفروا حتى انتهوا إلى موضع القواعد، فقال لهم علي بن الحسين: تنحوا، فتنحوا فدنا منها فغطاها بثوبه، ثم بكى، ثم غطاها بالتراب بيد نفسه ثم دعا الفعلة، فقال: ضعوا بناءكم، فوضعوا البناء، فلما ارتفعت حيطانه أمر بالتراب فالقى في جوفه، فلذلك صار البيت مرتفعا يصعد إليه بالدرج.
He (the narrator) said, ‘The snake disappeared from them, and they dug until they ended up to the place of the base. So Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said to them: ‘Step aside!’ So they stepped aside. So he-asws approached and covered it with his-asws clothes, then wept. Then he-asws covered it with the sand by his-asws own hand, then invited the labourers, so he-asws said: ‘Place the building up’. So they place the building. So when its walls were raised, he-asws ordered for the sand, and he-asws cast it in the middle of it. Thus, it was due to that, the House came to be so high that it has to be climbed up to it with the stairs’.[122]
(باب 204 – العلة التي من أجلها جعلت ايام مني ثلاثة)
Chapter 204 – The reason due to which the days of Mina came to be three
حدثنا أبي ومحمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد قالا: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا ابراهيم بن هاشم قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عمير عن بعض اصحابه عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: قال لي أتدري لم جعلت أيام منى ثلاثا؟ قال قلت لاي شئ جعلت فداك، ولماذا؟ قال لي من ادرك شيئا منها أدرك الحج.
My father and Muhammad Bin Al Hasssan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed both narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umer, from one of his companions,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘He-asws said to me: ‘Do you know why the day Mina have been Made to be three?’ I said, ‘For which thing, may I be sacrificed for you-asws, and why?’ He-asws said to me: ‘One who comprehends something from it, has comprehended the Hajj’.[123]
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed who said, ‘Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Jameel Bin Daraaj,
from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The one who comprehends the Sacred signs on the day of the sacrifice before the declining of the sun, so he has comprehended the Hajj. And the one who comprehends it on the day of Arafaat before the declining of the sun, so he has comprehended the Mata’ato (Umrah)’.[124]
(باب 205 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يجوز للرجل أن يدهن) (حين يريد الاحرام بدهن فيه مسك أو عنبر)
Chapter 205 – The reason due to which it is not allowed for the man that he should apply oil (in his hair) when he intends to wear the Ihraam, with the oil in which is musk or amber
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد وعبد الله ابني محمد بن عيسى عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن حماد بن عثمان الناب عن عبيد الله بن علي الحلبي عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: لا تدهن حين تريد ان تحرم بدهن فيه مسك ولا عنبر من أجل أن ريحه تبقى في رأسك من بعد ما تحرم وادهن بما شئت من الدهن حين تريد أن تحرم، فإذا أحرمت فقد حرم عليك الدهن حتى تحل.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad and Abdullah, two sons of Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad Bin Usman Al Naab, from Ubeydullah Bin Ali Al Halby,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘You should not apply oil when you intend that you would be wearing Ihraam, with the oil (in your hair) in which is musk or amber, due to the reason that the aroma would remain in your head from after you wear the Ihraam, and you can apply with whatever you so like from the oil when you intend to wear the Ihraam. So when you have put on the Ihraam, so the application of oil would become prohibited unto you until you are free from it (Ihraam)’.[125]
(باب 206 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يؤخذ الطير الاهلى إذا دخل الحرم)
Chapter 206 – The reason due to which it is not allowed to seize the domesticated bird if it enters the Sanctuary
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أيوب بن نوح عن صفوان بن يحيى عن معاوية بن عمار عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام انه سئل عن طير أهلي اقبل فدخل الحرم، قال: لا يمس لان الله تعالى يقول: ” ومن دخل كان آمنا “.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Muawiya Bin Amaar,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having been asked about a domesticated bird comes, so it enters the Sanctuary. He-asws said: ‘Do not touch (it) because Allah-azwj the High is Saying [3:97] and whoever enters it shall be secure’.[126]
(باب 207 – العلة التي من أجلها اذن رسول الله للعباس) (ان يلبث بمكة ليالى منى)
Chapter 207 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allah-saww allowed for Al-Abbas that he may remain at Makkah on the nights of Mina
أبي ومحمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنهما قالا: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن الهيثم بن أبي مسروق النهدي عن الحسن بن محبوب عن علي ابن رئاب عن مالك بن أعين عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام ان العباس استأذن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ان يلبث بمكة ليالي منى فاذن له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من اجل سقاية الحاج.
My father and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed both said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Al Haysam Bin Abu masrouq Al Nahdy, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ali Ibn Ra’ib, from Maalik Bin Ayn,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws that Al-Abbas sought permission from Rasool-Allah-saww that he could remain at Makkah on the nights of Mina, so Rasool-Allah-saww permitted for him due to him being the provider of the water to the pilgrims’.[127]
(باب 208 – العلة التي من أجلها لم يبت أمير المؤمنين (ع)) (بمكة بعد إذ هاجر منها حتى قبض)
Chapter 208 – The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineen-asws did not sleep at Makkah after having emigrated from it, until he-asws passed away
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا أحمد بن ادريس عن محمد بن أحمد ابن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري عن محمد بن معروف عن أخيه عمر عن جعفر بن عقبة عن أبي الحسن عليه السلام قال: ان عليا عليه السلام لم يبت بمكة بعد إذ هاجر منها حتى قبضه الله عزوجل إليه، قال: قلت له ولم ذاك؟ قال: يكره ان يبيت بارض قد هاجر منها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فكان يصلي العصر ويخرج منها ويبيت بغيرها.
My father narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Ibn Yahya Bin Imran Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Marouf, from his brother Umar, from Ja’far Bin Uqba,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws did not sleep at Makkah after having emigrated from it until Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Caused him-asws to pass away’. I said, ‘And why is that?’ He-asws said: ‘He-asws disliked that he should sleep in the land from which Rasool-Allah-saww had to emigrate from. So he-asws used to Pray Al-Asr (Prayer) and go out from it, and spend the night elsewhere’.[128]
(باب 209 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يجوز للمحرم أن يظلل) (على نفسه من غير علة)
Chapter 209 – The reason due to which it is not allowed for the one in Ihraam that he shades himself without a reason
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد عن حماد عن عبد الله بن المغيرة، قال: قلت لابي الحسن الاول عليه السلام أظلل وأنا محرم؟ قال: لا، قلت: فاظلل واكفر؟ قال: لا، قلت: فان مرضت، قال: ظلل وكفر، ثم قال: أما علمت ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال: ما من حج يضحى ملبيا حتى تغيب الشمس إلا غابت ذنوبه معها.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin saeed, from Hamaad, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan-asws the First, ‘Can I shade (myself) and I am in Ihraam?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘So, can I shade (myself) and pay the redemption?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘So if I am sick?’ He-asws said: ‘Shade (yourself) and pay the redemption’. Then he-asws said: ‘But, do you know that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There is none from a pilgrim who remains in the open until the setting of the sun, except that his sins disappear along with it (sunset)’.[129]
(باب 210 – نوادر علل الحج)
Chapter 210 – Miscellaneous reasons for the Hajj
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد عن الحسين بن سعيد عن حماد عن ربعي عن عبد الرحمن بن أبي عبد الله قال: قلت لابي عبد الله (ع) ان ناسا من هؤلاء القصاص يقولون إذا حج رجل حجة ثم تصدق ووصل كان خيرا له، فقال: كذبوا لو فعل هذا الناس لعطل هذا البيت ان الله تعالى جعل هذا البيت قياما للناس.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hamaad, from Rabie, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Abdullah who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The people from the story tellers are saying that when a man performs Hajj once, then gives in charity, and maintains relationships, it would be better for him’. So he-asws said: ‘They are lying! If the people were to do this, it would counteract this House (Kabah). Allah-azwj the High has Made this House (Kabah) to Stand for the people’.[130]
وبهذا الاسناد عن الحسين بن سعيد عن ابن عمير عن عمر بن اذينة قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن قول الله تعالى ” ولله على الناس حج البيت من استطاع إليه سبيلا ” يعنى به الحج دون العمرة، فقال: لا ولكنه يعني الحج والعمرة جميعا لانهما مفروضان.
And by this chain, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibn Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj the High [3:97] and Pilgrimage to the House is incumbent upon the people for the Sake of Allah, (upon) everyone who is able to undertake the journey to it – Meaning by it the Hajj besides the Umrah’. So he-asws said: ‘No. But it Means the Hajj and the Umrah both together, because they are both Obligatory’.[131]
حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رحمه الله قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد عن الحسن بن محبوب عن خالد بن جرير عن أبي الربيع الشامي قال: سئل أبو عبد الله (ع) عن قول الله عزوجل: ” ولله على الناس حج البيت من استطاع إليه سبيلا ” قال: فما يقول الناس؟ قال: فقيل له الزاد والراحلة، فقال: هلك الناس إذن لئن كان من له زاد وراحلة قدر ما يقوت على عياله ويسغني به عن الناس ينطلق إليه فيسألهم اياه، لقد هلكوا إذن
Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Khalid Bin Jareyr, from Abu Al Rabie Al Shamy who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws was asked about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [3:97] and Pilgrimage to the House is incumbent upon the people for the Sake of Allah, (upon) everyone who is able to undertake the journey to it. He-asws said: ‘So what are the people saying?’ So it was said, ‘The provision and the ride’. So he-asws said: ‘The people are destroyed then, for it there was one who had provisions for it and a ride, to the measurement of what he provides upon his family, and he then becomes needless of the people by it, so his dependents then would have to go and beg from them (the people). So they have been destroyed then’.
فقيل له: فما السبيل؟ قال: فقال السعة في المال إذا كان يحج ببعض ويبقى بعضا يقوت به عياله اليس قد فرض الله الزكاة فلم يجعلها إلا على من يملك مأتى درهم.
So it was said to him-asws, ‘So what is the ‘way’ (ability to undertake the journey?’ So he-asws said: ‘The extensiveness in the wealth, if he were to go for Hajj with some of it, and some of it were to remain to provide for his family. Has Allah-azwj not Obligated the Zakat, so He-azwj did not Make it except upon the one who possesses two hundred Dirhams?’[132]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد عن ابن أبي عمير عن حماد بن عثمان ومعاوية بن حفص عن منصور جميعا عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: كان أبو عبد الله عليه السلام في المسجد الحرام، فقيل له: ان سبعا من سباع الطير على الكعبة ليس يمر به شئ من حمام الحرم إلا ضربه، فقال: انصبوا له واقتلوه فانه قد الحد في الحرم.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad Bin Usman and Muawiya Bin Hafs, from Mansour both together,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws was in the Sacred Masjid, so it was said to him-asws, ‘A wild one from the predatory bird comes upon the Kabah, and there does not pass by it anything from the doves except that it strikes it’. So he-asws said: ‘Capture it and kill it, for it’s the Limit in the Sanctuary’.[133]
وبهذا الاسناد عن الحسين بن سعيد عن محمد بن أبي عمير وفضالة قال قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام: شجرة أصلها في الحرم وفرعها في الحل، فقال: حرم فرعها لمكان اصلها.
And by this chain, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr and Fazalat who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘A tree whose roots are in the Sanctuary and its branches are in the loose’. So he-asws said: ‘Its branches are sanctimonious due to the place of its roots’.[134]
وبهذا الاسناد عن الحسين بن سعيد عن صفوان بن يحيى عن ابن مسكان عن ابراهيم بن ميمون قال: قلت لابي عبد الله (ع): رجل نتف ريش حمامة من حمام الحرم، قال: يتصدق بصدقة على مسكين ويعطى باليد التي نتف بها فانه قد اوجعه بها.
And by this chain, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Ibn Muskan, from Ibrahim Bin Maymoun who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘A man plucks the feathers of a dove from the doves of the Sanctuary’. He-asws said : ‘He should give (something) in charity to the poor, and give it by the very hand with which he plucked it, for it (that very hand) has pained it (the dove)’.[135]
وبهذا الاسناد عن الحسين بن سعيد عن فضالة وحماد عن معاوية، قال سألت ابا عبد الله عليه السلام عن طير اهلي اقبل فدخل الحرم، فقال: لا يمس ان الله تعالى يقول ” ومن دخله كان آمنا “.
And by this chain, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazalat and Hamaad, from Muawiya who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about a domesticated bird which comes and enters the Sanctuary (Kabah). So he-asws said: ‘Do not touch (it), for Allah-azwj the High is Saying [3:97] and whoever enters it shall be secure’.[136]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس ابن معروف عن علي بن مهزيار عن الحسين بن سعيد عن صفوان عن عبد الرحمن ابن الحجاج قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن رجل رمى صيدا في الحل وهو يؤم الحرم فيما بين البريد والمسجد فأصابه في الحل فمضى يرميه حتى دخل الحرم، فمات من رميه، هل عليه جزاء؟ فقال: ليس عليه جزاء وانما مثل ذلك مثل رجل نصب شركا في الحل إلى جانب الحرم، فوقع فيه صيد فاضطرب حتى دخل الحرم، فمات فليس عليه جزاء لانه نصب وهو حلال، ورمى حيث رمى وهو حلال فليس عليه فيما كان بعد ذلك شئ، فقلت: هذا عند الناس القياس، فقال: انها شبهت لك شيئا بشئ لتعرفه.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Ibn Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Safwan, from Abdul Rahman Ibn Al Hajjaj who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about a man who threw (an arrow) at a hunted creature (e.g. a dove) in Al-Hal, and he was facing the Sanctuary in what is between Al-Bareyd and the Masjid. So it was hit in Al-Hal, so it went by the hit until it entered the Sanctuary, and it died from its strike. Is there a penalty upon him?’ So he-asws said: ‘There is no penalty upon him. But rather, his example is like the example of a man who established a trap by the side of the Sanctuary. So a game (e.g., dove) got trapped by it, so it wavered until it entered the Sanctuary and died inside it. So there is no penalty upon him because he had set the trap and it is Permissible; and he (also) threw (the arrow) where he threw and it was Permissible. Therefore, there is nothing upon him with regards to anything after that’. So I said, ‘In the presence of the people, this is an analogy’. So he-asws said: ‘I-asws compared a thing for you with a thing, so that you would understand it’.[137]
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن أبيه عن ابن أبي عمير عن خلاد عن أبي عبد الله (ع) في رجل ذبح حمامة من حمام الحرم، قال: عليه الفداء قال: فيأكله، قال: لا، قال: فيطرحه، قال: اذن يكون عليه فداء آخر، قال: فما يصنع به، قال: يدفنه.
My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Jalad,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding a man who slaughtered a dove from the doves of the Sanctuary, he-asws said: ‘Upon him is the redemption to pay’. He said, ‘So can he eat it (after having paid)?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. So should discard it?’ He-asws said: ‘Then, there would be another redemption upon him to pay’. He said, ‘So what should he do with it?’ He-asws said: ‘He should bury it’.[138]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد عن حماد بن عيسى عن معاوية بن وهب قال: قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام مكة والمدينة كسائر البلدان؟ قال: نعم، قلت قد روى عنك بعض اصحابنا إنك قلت لهم اتموا بالمدينة بخمس، فقال: ان اصحابكم هؤلاء كانوا يقدمون فيخرجون من المسجد عند الصلاة فكرهت ذلك لهم فلذلك قلته.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Muawiya Bin Wahab who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Are Makkah and Al-Medina like the rest of the cities?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘It has been reported from you-asws by some of our companions that you-asws said to them: ‘Accomplish five (Prayers) at Al-Medina’. So he-asws said: ‘These companions of your used to come, but they used to go out from the Masjid during Prayer (time). So I-asws disliked that for them, therefore it was due to that, I-asws said it’.[139]
وبهذا الاسناد عن حماد بن عيسى وفضالة عن معاوية قال: قلت لابي عبد الله (ع): ان معي والدتي وهي وجعة، فقال: قل لها فلتحرم من آخر الوقت فان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وقت لاهل المدينة ذا الحليفة ولاهل المغرب الجحفة، قال: فاحرمت من الجحفة.
And by this chain, from Hamaad Bin Isa and Fazalat, from Muawiya who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘With me is my mother and she is restless (in pain)’. So he-asws said: ‘Say to her to put on her Ihraam at the last juncture, for Rasool-Allah-saww (made) Zul-Haleyfa to be a juncture for the people of Al Medina, and Al Juhfa for the people of Al-Magrib (West Africa)’. He said, ‘So she put on her Ihraam from Al-Juhfa’.[140]
حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل قال: حدثنا محمد بن جعفر الحميرى عن أحمد بن محمد عن الحسن بن محبوب قال: قال ابراهيم الكرخي: سألت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام عن رجل احرم بحجة في غير اشهر الحج من دون الوقت الذي وقت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فقال: ليس احرامه بشئ ان احب أن يرجع إلى منزله فليرجع ولا أرى عليه شيئا وان احب يمضى فليمض، فإذا انتهى إلى الوقت فليحرم منه ويجعلها عمرة، فان ذلك افضل من رجوعه لانه اعلن الاحرام بالحج.
Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ibrahim Al Karkhy who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about a man who put on his Ihraam for Hajj in other than the month of Al-Hajj at a place which was besides the juncture of Rasool-Allah-saww. So he-asws said : ‘His Ihraam is not with anything. If he likes, to return back to his house, so let him return and I-asws do not see anything (penalty) upon him. And if he likes to go (for Hajj), so let him go. So when he ends up to the juncture, so let him put on the Ihraam at it, and make it to be an Umra, for that is better than returning back, because he had already announced the Ihraam for the Hajj’.[141]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن علي بن مهزيار عن الحسين بن سعيد عن النضر بن عاصم عن أبي بصير، قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن المحرم يشد على بطنه المنطقة التي فيها نفقته، قال: يستوثق منها، فانها تمام الحجة.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Aasim, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the one in Ihraam who tightens the belt upon his waist in which is (money) for his expenses. He-asws said: ‘He should ensure it, for it is a completion of the Hajj’.[142]
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن يعقوب بن يزيد عن حماد بن حريز عن زرارة عن أبي جعفر (ع) في المحرم يأتي اهله ناسيا قال: لا شئ عليه انما هو بمنزلة من اكل في شهر رمضان وهو ناس.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Hamaad Bin Hareyz, from Zarara,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the one in Ihraam who comes to his wife out of forgetfulness. He-asws said: ‘There is nothing upon him. But rather, he is as the status of the one who eats in the Month of Ramazan and he forgets (that he was Fasting)’.[143]
(باب 211 – العلة التي من أجلها يجب الدنو من الهضبات بعرفات)
Chapter 211 – The reason due to which it is Obligatory to be near (Mount) Al-Hazbaat at Arafaat
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن أحمد وعبد الله ابني محمد بن عيسى عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن حماد بن عثمان عن عبيدالله بن علي الحلبي قال: قال أبو عبد الله (ع): إذا وقفت بعرفات فادن من الهضبات وهي الجبال فان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال: اصحاب الاراك لا حج لهم – يعني الذين يقفون عند الاراك.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad and Abdullah, two sons of Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad Bin Usman, from Ubeydullah Bin Ali Al Halby who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When you pause at Arafaat, so be near Al-Hazbaat, and it is the mountain, for Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The companions of Al-Araak, there is no Hajj for them’ – meaning those who are pausing at Al-Araak’.[144]
(باب 212 – علة منع الصيد)
Chapter 212 – Reason for the prohibition for the hunting
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد وعبد الله ابني محمد بن عيسى عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن حماد عن الحلبي قال: سألت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام عن قول الله تعالى ” يا ايها الذين آمنوا ليبلونكم الله بشئ من الصيد تناله ايديكم ورماحكم ” قال: حشر عليهم الصيد من كل مكان حتى دنا منهم ليبلوهم الله
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad and Abdullah, two sons of Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad, from Al Halby who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj the High [5:94] O you who believe! Allah will certainly Try you in respect of some game which your hands and your lances can reach. He-asws said: ‘The game used to come to them from every place until it was near them, for Allah-azwj to Test them’.[145]
(باب 213 – علة كراهية الكحل للمرأة المحرمة)
Chapter 213 – Reason for the abhorrence of the (application of) Kohl for the woman in Ihraam
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد وعبد الله ابني محمد ابن عيسى عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن حماد عن الحلبي قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (ع) عن المرأة تكتحل وهي محرمة، قال: لا تكتحل، قلت: بسواد ليس فيه طيب، قال: فكرههه من اجل انه زينة، وقال: إذا أضطرت إليه فلتكتحل.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad and Abdullah, two sons of Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umer, from Hamaad, from Al Halby who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the woman who applies Kohl (in her eyes) as she is in Ihraam. He-asws said: ‘She should not apply Kohl’. I said, ‘It is with blackness, and there is no perfume in it’. He-asws said: ‘It is disliked due to the reason of it being an adornment’. And he-asws said: ‘When she is desperate for it, so let her apply Kohl’.[146]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن عن الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد عن حماد بن عيسى عن حريز عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: لا تكتحل المرأة بالسواد، ان السواد من الزينة.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Abaan, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Hareyz,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The woman should not apply Kohl with the blackness. The blackness is from the adornment’.[147]
(باب 214 – علة وجوب البدنة على الحرم ينظر إلى ساق) (امرأة أو إلى فرجها فيمنى)
Chapter 214 – Reason for the Obligation of the camel (as a penalty) upon the one in Ihraam who looks at the leg of the woman or at her private part, so his semen comes out
حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه عن عمه محمد بن أبي القاسم عن محمد بن علي الكوفي عن خالد بن اسماعيل عمن ذكره عن أبي بصير قال: سألت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام عن محرم نظر إلى ساق امرأة أو إلى فرجها حتى امني، قال: إن كان موسرا فعليه بدنة وإن كان متوسطا فعليه بقرة، وإن كان فقيرا فشاة، ثم قال: أما انى لم اجعلها عليه لمنيه إلا لنظره إلى ما لا يحل له النظر إليه.
Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Khalid Bin Ismail, from the one who mentioned it, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the one in Ihraam who looks at a leg of a woman, or to her private part until his semen discharges. He-asws said: ‘If he has financial ease, so upon him is a camel (as a penalty), and if he was moderate (financially), so upon him is a cow, and if he was poor, so a lamb’. Then he-asws said: ‘I-asws did not make it upon him due to his semen (discharging), but for him looking at what is not Permissible for him to look at’.[148]
(باب 521 – العلة التي من أجلها صار الجج أفضل من الصلاة والصيام)
Chapter 215 – The reason due to which the Hajj came to be superior than the Prayer and the Fast
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسين بن سعيد عن صفوان عن سيف التمار عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: كان أبي يقول: الحج أفضل من الصلاة والصيام، إنما المصلي يشتغل عن أهله ساعة وان الصائم يشتغل عن أهله بياض يوم، وان الحاج يتعب بدنه ويضجر نفسه وينفق ماله ويطيل الغيبة عن أهله، لا في مال يرجوه، ولا إلى تجارة، وكان أبي يقول: وما أفضل من رجل يجئ يقود باهله والناس وقوف بعرفات يمينا وشمالا يأتي بهم الحج فيسأل بهم الله تعالى.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Safwan, from Sayf Al Tamaar,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws was saying: ‘The Hajj is superior than the Prayer and the Fasts. But rather, the praying one is pre-occupied (in it) from his family, for a while’ and the fasting one is pre-occupied (in it) from his family for a day; and the pilgrim exhausts his body, and angers his own self, and spends his wealth, and prolongs the absence from his family. There is no hope for him in the wealth, nor for any business. And my-asws father-asws was saying: ‘And what is superior to a man who comes leading his family, and the people are pausing at Arafaat, to the right and the left, he comes with them for the Hajj, so he asked Allah-azwj the High with them’.[149]
وبهذا الاسناد عن صفوان وفضالة عن القاسم بن محمد عن الكاهلي قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام يذكر الحج، فقال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: هو أحد الجهادين هو جهاد الضعفاء ونحن الضعفاء، أما انه ليس شئ أفضل من الحج إلا الصلاة في الحج، هاهنا صلاة وليس في الصلاة حج، لا تدع الحج وانت تقدر عليه، أما ترى انه يشعث فيه رأسك ويقشف فيه جلدك وتمتع فيه من النظر إلى النساء وإنا نحن هاهنا، ونحن قريب ولنا مياه متصلة ما نبلغ الحج حتى يشق علينا فكيف أنت في بعد البلاد وما من ملك ولا سوقه يصل إلى الحج إلا بمشقة في تغير مطعم ومشرب أو ريح أو شمس لا يستطيع ردها وذلك لقوله تعالى: (وتحمل أثقالكم إلى بلد لم تكونوا بالغيه إلا بشق الانفس ان ربكم لرؤف رحيم).
And by this chain, from Safwan and Fazalat, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Al Kahily who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws mention the Hajj, so he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘It (Hajj) is one of the two Jihads. It is the Jihad of the weak’, and we are the weak. But, there is nothing superior than the Hajj except for the Prayer during the Hajj. Over here is Prayer, and there is no Hajj in the Prayer. Do not leave the Hajj and you have the ability over it. But, do you see that during it your head is dishevelled, and during it your skin is peeled, and have been (prevented) from the enjoyment of looking at the women. And we are over here, and we are close by, and there is water for us, uninterrupted.
We do not reach for the Hajj until it is difficult upon us. So how would it be if you were to be in a remote city. And there is none from the kings nor his population who arrive to the Hajj except with difficulties with regards to the change of food and drinks, or wind or sun (weather), not having the ability to repulse it. And these are the Words of Allah-azwj the High [16:7] And they carry your heavy loads to regions which you could not reach but with distress of the souls; most surely your Lord is Kind, Merciful’.[150]
(باب 216 – العلة التي من أجلها أطلق للمحرم أن يطرح عنه) (القراد، والحلم)
Chapter 216 – The reason due to which it has been relaxation for one in Ihraam that he can get rid of the mite and the bug
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن أبيه عن ابن أبي عمير عن حماد عن الحلبي عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: سأله رجل فقال: أرأيت ان كان علي قراد أو حلمة اطرحهما عني؟ قال: نعم وصغارا لهما لانهما رقيا في غير مرقاهما.
My father said, ‘Ali Bin Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hamaad, from Al Halby,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘A man asked, so he said, ‘What is your-asws view that if there was a mite a bug, can I get rid of these two from myself?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, and even smaller than these two, because they both ascend with anything to ascend with (support) for these two’.[151]
(باب 217 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يكون جدالا في بعض الاحيان)
Chapter 217 – The reason due to which there does not happen any quarrelling in some of the cases
حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه عن عمه محمد بن أبي القاسم عن محمد بن علي الكوفي عن خالد بن اسماعيل عمن ذكره عن أبي بصير قال: سألت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام عن المحرم يريد أن يعمل العمل فيقول له صاحبه: والله لا تعمله، فيقول والله لاعملته، فيخالفه مرارا، أيلزم ما يلزم صاحب الجدال؟ قال: قال لا، لانه أراد بهذا إكرام أخيه إنما ذلك ما كان لله معصية،
Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Khalid bin Ismail, from the one who mentioned it, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the one in Ihraam intending that he does some work, so his companions said to him, ‘By Allah-azwj! Do not do it’. So he was saying, ‘By Allah-azwj! I will do it!’ So he opposed him repeatedly. Does it necessitate what is necessitated upon the one the disputing one?’ He-asws said: ‘No, because he intended by this, as a benevolence for his brother. But rather, that is for what was not for the Sake of Allah-azwj, so it would be a disobedience’.
قال: وسأله عن محرم رمى ظبيا فاصاب يده فعرج منها، قال: ان كان الظبي مشى عليها ورعى فليس عليه شئ وان كان ذهب علي وجهه فلم يدر ما يصنع فعليه الفداء لانه لا يدري لعله هلك.
He (the narrator) said, ‘And he-asws was asked about the one in Ihraam who threw (an arrow) at an antelope, so it hit its front left, so it limped from it’. He-asws said: ‘If the antelope walked towards him and pastured, so there would not be anything upon him (no penalty), and if it went away upon its direction, so he does not know what happened to it, so upon it would be the redemption penalty, because he does not know, perhaps it has perished’.[152]
(باب 218 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يجوز للمحرم أن ينظر في المرآة)
Chapter 218 – The reason due to which it is not allowed for the one in Ihraam that he should look in the mirror
بي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسين بن سعيد عن حماد عن حريز عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: لا تنظر في المرآة وأنت محرم لانه من الزينة.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin saeed, from Hamaad, from Hareyz,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws who said, ‘Do not look at the mirror and you are in Ihraam, because it is from the adornment’.[153]
(باب 202 – العلة التي أجلها سمي مسجد الفضيح مسجد الفضيخ)
Chapter 220 – The reason due to which Masjid Al Fazeeh was named as Masjid Al Fazeeh
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن المفضل بن صالح عن أبي بصير ليث المرادي قال: قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام: لم سمي مسجد الفضيح مسجد الفضيح؟ قال: النخل سمي الفضيح فلذلك سميه.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal Bin Salih, from Abu Baseer Lays Al Muradi who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Why was Masjid Al-Fazeeh named as Masjid Al-Fazeeh?’ He-asws said: ‘The palm tree (in it) was called Al-Fazeeh, so it was due to that it was named as such’.[154]
(باب 221 – العلة التي من أجلها وجبت زيارة النبي صلى الله عليه وآله) (والائمة عليهم السلام بعد الحج)
Chapter 221 – The reason due to which the visitation of the Prophet-saww and the Imams-asws is Obligatory after the Hajj
حدثنا محمد بن أحمد السناني رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن يحيى بن زكريا القطان قال: حدثنا أبو بكر بن عبد الله بن حبيب قال: حدثنا تميم بن بهلول عن أبيه عن اسماعيل بن مهران عن جعفر بن محمد عليه السلام قال: إذا حج أحدكم فليختم حجه بزيارتنا لان ذلك من تمام الحج.
Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Sinany narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Bin Zakariyya Al qatan, from Abu Bakr Bin Abdullah Bin Habeeb, from Tameem Bin Bahlool, from his father, from Ismail Bin Mahran,
(It has been narrated) from Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Whenever one of you performs Hajj, so let him seal his Hajj with our-asws visitations, because that is from the completion of the Hajj’.[155]
حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن محمد بن سنان عن عمار بن مروان عن جابر عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: تمام الحج لقاء الامام.
Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Amaar Bin Marwan, from Jabir,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The Hajj is completed by meeting the Imam-asws’.[156]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسن بن علي الوشاء قال: سمعت أبا الحسن الرضا عليه السلام يقول: ان لكل إمام عهدا في عتق أوليائه وشيعته وان من تمام الوفاء بالعهد وحسن الاداء زيارة قبورهم، فمن زارهم رغبة في زيارتهم وتصديقا بما رغبوا فيه كانوا أئمتهم شفعاءهم يوم القيامة.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Washa who said,
‘I heard Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws saying: ‘For each Imam-asws is a Covenant with regards to the emancipation of his-asws friends and his-asws Shias, and it is from the completion of the loyalty with the Covenant and the best fulfilment of it is visitation of their-asws graves. So the ones who visit them-asws yearningly in their visitation of them-asws, and in ratification with what they are yearning for, their Imam-asws would interceded for them on the Day of Judgement’.[157]
حدثني أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن ابيه عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن عمر بن أذينة عن زرارة عن أبي جعفر (ع) قال: انما أمر الناس ان يأتوا هذا الاحجار فيطوفوا بها، ثم يأتوا فيخبرونا بولايتهم ويعرضوا علينا نصرتهم.
My father narrated to me, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Umar Bin Azina, from Zarara,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said : ‘But rather, the people have been Commanded that they should come to these rocks, so they should circumambulate by these, then they should come to us and inform us of their love for us-asws, and present to us-asws their allegiance’.[158]
حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادي عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله البرقي عن عثمان بن عيسى عن المعلى ابن شهاب عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: قال الحسن بن علي (ع) لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يا ابتاه ما جزاء من زارك؟ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: يا بني من زارني حيا وميتا أو زار أباك أو زار أخاك أو زارك كان حقا علي ان ازوره يوم القيامة فأخلصه من ذنوبه.
Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from Usman Bin Isa, from Al Moala Ibn Shahaab,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws said to Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘O (Grand) father-saww! What is the Recompense of the one who visits you-saww?’ So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O my-saww (Grand) son-asws! The one who visits me-saww, Whether I-saww am alive or having passed away, or visits your-asws father-asws, or visits your-asws brother-asws, or visits you-asws, would have a right upon me-saww that I-saww visit him on the Day of Judgement, so that I-saww would erase his sins for him’.[159]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن محمد بن اسماعيل بن بزيع عن صالح بن عقبة عن زيد الشحام قال: قلت لابي عبد الله (ع) ما لمن زار واحدا منكم؟ قال: كمن زار رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله.
My father narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khataab, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Bazie, from Salih Bin Uqba, from Zayd Al Shahaam who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What is there for the one who visits anyone from you-asws all?’ He-asws said: ‘Like the one who visits Rasool-Allah-saww’.[160]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن عباد بن سليمان عن محمد بن سليمان الديلمي عن ابراهيم بن أبي حجر الاسلمي عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من اتى مكة حاجا ولم يزرنى إلى المدينة جفاني، ومن جفاني جفوته يوم القيامة، ومن جاءني زائرا وجبت له شفاعتي ومن وجبت له شفاعتي وجبت له الجنة.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Abaad Bin Suleyman, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman Al Daylami, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Hajar Al Aslamy,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said : ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who comes to Makkah as a pilgrim and does not visit me-saww to Al-Medina has forsaken me-saww, and the one who forsakes me-saww, I-saww would forsake him on the Day of Judgement; and the one who comes to me-saww as a visitor, my-saww intercession would be Obligated upon him, and the one upon whom my-saww intercession is Obligated, the Paradise would be Obligated upon him’.[161]
(باب 222 – النوادر)
Chapter 222 – The Miscellaneous
حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسرور رحمه الله قال: حدثنا الحسين بن محمد بن عامر عن المعلى بن محمد البصري عن بسطام بن مرة عن اسحاق بن حسان عن الهيثم ابن واقد عن علي بن الحسن العبدي عن أبي سعيد الخدري انه سئل، ما قولك في هذا السمك الذي يزعم اخواننا من أهل الكوفة انه حرام؟ فقال أبو سعيد: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يقول: الكوفة جمجمة العرب ورمح الله تبارك وتعالى وكنز الايمان
Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masroor narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Aamir, from Al Moala Bin Muhammad Al Basry, from Bastaan Bin Mara, from Is’haq Bin Hasaan, from Al Haysam Ibn Waqad, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Al Abady,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Saeed Al-Khudry having been asked, what is your word with regards to this fish which our brethren from the people of Al-Kufa are alleging that it is Prohibited?’ So Abu Saeed said, ‘I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Al-Kufa is the skull of the Arabs, and a spear of Allah-azwj Blessed and High, and a treasure of the faith’.
فخذ عنهم أخبرك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله انه مكث بمكة يوما وليلة بذي طوى، ثم خرج وخرجت معه فمررنا برفقة جلوس يتغدون، فقالوا: يا رسول الله الغداء، فقال لهم: افرجوا لنبيكم فجلس بين رجلين وجلست وتناول رغيفا فصدع نصفه، ثم نظر إلى ادمهم، فقال: ما ادمكم؟ قالوا الجري يا رسول الله فرمى بالكسرة من يده وقام.
So take it (the Hadeeth) from them. I am informing you that Rasool-Allah-azwj remained at Makka for a day and a night at Zi Tuwwa. Then he-saww went out, and I went out with him-saww. So we passed by some friends being seated, eating. So they said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! The lunch’. So he-saww said: ‘Free (space) for your Prophet-saww’. So he-saww sat in between two men, and I sat (as well). He-saww took a loaf (of bread), and broke it in half. Then he-saww looked at their curry, so he-saww said: ‘What is your curry?’ They said, ‘Al-Jareeh fish’, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ So he-saww put down the broken loaf from his-saww hand, and arose’.
قال أبو سعيد: وتخلفت بعده لانظر ما رأي الناس فاختلف فيما بينهم، فقالت طائفة حرم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله الجرى وقالت طائفة لم يحرمه ولكن عافه ولو كان حرمه نهانا عن اكله،
Abu Saeed said, ‘And after that I stayed behind to look at what view the people had, but the people were differing in between them. So a group said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww has forbidden ‘Al-Jareeh’, and a group said, ‘He-saww has not forbidden it, but excused himself-saww from it, and had he-saww forbidden it, he-saww would have prevented us from eating it’.
قال: فحفظت مقالة القوم وتبعث رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله حتى لحقته، ثم غشينا رفقة أخرى يتغدون فقالوا: يا رسول الله الغداء، فقال: نعم افرجوا لنبيكم فجلس بين رجلين وجلست فلما تناول كسرة نظر إلى ادمهم فقال: ما ادمكم هذا؟ قالوا: ضب يا رسول الله فرمى الكسرة وقام.
He (Abu Saeed) said, ‘So I memorised the speech of the group, and went to Rasool-Allah-azwj until I caught up with him-saww. Then we went on and saw another group of friends eating lunch. So they said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! The lunch’. So he-saww said: ‘Yes, free (space) for your Prophet-saww’. So he-saww sat in between two men, and I sat (as well). So when he took a piece (of bread), he-saww looked at their curry, so he-saww said: ‘What is this curry of yours?’ They said, ‘Lizard (Common Basilisk), O Rasool-Allah-saww! So he-saww put down the piece (of bread) and arose’.
قال أبو سعيد: فتخلفت بعده فإذا بالناس فرقتان قالت فرقة حرم رسول الله الضب فمن هناك لم يأكله وقالت فرقة اخرى: انما عافه ولو حرمه لنهانا عنه،
Abu Saeed said, ‘So I stayed behind after it, and there were two divisions among the people. One division said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww has forbidden the lizard (Common Basilisk), thus from here on one should not eat it’, and another division said, ‘But rather, he-saww excused himself-saww, and had he-saww forbidden it, he-saww would have prevented us from it’.
ثم قال تبعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله حتى لحقته، فمررنا باصل الصفا وفيها قدور تغلي، فقالوا: يا رسول الله لو تكرمت علينا حتى تدرك قدورنا، قال لهم: ما في قدوركم؟ قالوا حمر لنا نركبها فقامت فذبحناها، فدنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله من القدور فاكفاها برجله ثم انطلق جوادا وتخلفت بعده، فقال بعضهم: حرم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لحم الحمير وقال بعضهم: كلام انما افرغ قدوركم حتى لا تعودوه فتذبحوا دوابكم،
The he (Abu Saeed) said, ‘I followed Rasool-Allah-saww until I caught up with him-saww. So we passed by (some people) by the base of Al-Safa and therein was a boiling pot. So they said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Honour upon us until our pot (meal) is ready’. He-saww said: ‘What is in your pot?’ They said, ‘A donkey of us we used to ride upon, so it stood still (could not walk), so we slaughtered it’. So Rasool-Allah-saww approached the pot, so he-saww thwacked it by his-saww leg, then went away charging, and I stayed behind after it. So some of them said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww has forbidden the flesh of the donkey’, and some of them said, ‘Never! But rather he-saww upset your pot so that you would not repeat in slaughtering your rides’.
قال أبو سعيد: فتبعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فقال يا أبا سعيد داع بلالا، فلما جاءه بلال قال: يا بلال اعصد أبا قبيس فناد عليه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله حرم الجري والضب والحمر الاهلية ألا فاتقوا الله ولا تأكلوا من السمك إلا ما كان له قشر ومع القشر فلوس ان الله تبارك وتعالى مسخ سبعمائة امة عصوا الاوصياء بعد الرسل، فاخذ أربعمائة أمة منهم برا وثلاثمائة امة منهم بحرا، ثم تلا هذه الآية: (وجعلناهم أحاديث ومزقناهم كل ممزق).
Abu Saeed said, ‘So I followed Rasool-Allah-saww, so he-saww said: ‘O Abu Saeed! Call Bilal’. So when Bilal came over, he-saww said: ‘O Bilal! Ascend (mount) Abu Qubays and call out upon it that Rasool-Allah-saww has forbidden Al-Jareeh fish, and the lizard (Common Basilisk), and the domesticated donkey, and therefore fear Allah-azwj and do not eat from the fish except that it has peel for it, and with it is the peel. Allah-azwj Blessed and High Metamorphosed seven hundred communities which disobeyed the successor-as after the Rasool-as, so He-azwj. So He-azwj Seized four hundred communities among them (to be on the) land, and three hundred communities among them (to be in the sea)’. Then he-saww recited this Verse [34:19] so We made them as folklore and scattered them with a disintegration’.[162]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن الحسن بن محبوب عن علي بن رياب قال: سمعت أبا الحسن موسى (ع) يقول: إذا مات المؤمن بكت عليه الملائكة وبقاع الارض التي كانت يعبد الله عليها، وأبواب السماء التي كانت تصعد باعماله فيها وثلم في الاسلام ثلمة لا يسدها شئ لان المؤمنين حصون الاسلام كحصن سور المدينة لها.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ali Bin Rayab who said,
‘I heard Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws saying: ‘When the Believer dies, and Angels weep over him, and there wails over him the land in which he used to worship Allah-azwj, and the gateways of the sky though which they used to ascend with his deeds, and such a crack appears in Al-Islam that cannot be closed over with anything, because the Believers are fortresses of Al-Islam like a fortress of the walls of the city for it’.[163]
وبهذا الاسناد عن العباس بن معروف عن ابن أبي عمير عن عبد الرحمن ابن الحجاج عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: ما مر بالنبي صلى الله عليه وآله يوم كان اشد عليه من يوم خيبر، وذلك ان العرب تباغت عليه.
And by this chain, from Al Abbas Bin marouf, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abdul Rahman Ibn Al Hajaaj,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There is no day which passed by the Prophet-saww more difficult upon him-saww than the day of (battle of) Khyber, and that is that the Arabs startled him-saww’.[164]
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا أبو الجوزاء المنبه بن عبد الله عن الحسين بن علوان عن عمر بن خالد عن زيد بن علي عن آبائه عن علي عليه السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: إذا التقى المسلمان بسيفيهما على غير سنة فالقاتل والمقتول في النار، فقيل يا رسول الله هذا القاتل فما بال المقتول؟ قال: لانه أراد قتله.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Abu Al Jowza Al Manbah Bin Abdullah, from Al Husayn Bin Alwan, from Umar Bin Khalid, from Zayd Bin Ali, from his forefathers,
(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When two Muslims meet (in battle) with their two swords are upon other than the Sunnah, so the killer and the killed, both would be in the Fire’. So it was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! This is a killer, so what is the matter with the killed one?’ He-saww: ‘Because he intended to kill him (his opponent)’.[165]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن الحسين بن سعيد عن محمد بن الفضيل عن أبي الصباح الكناني عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال كان صبيان في زمن علي عليه السلام يلعبون باخطار لهم فرمى أحدهم بخطره فدق رباعية صاحبه فرفع ذلك إلى علي (ع) فاقام الرامى البينة بانه قد قال: حذار فدرئ علي (ع) عنه القصاص، وقال: قد اعذر من حذر.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Al fazeyl, from Abu Al Sabah Al Kanany,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘In the era of Ali-asws, two children were playing with a pendulum (swinging stick) of theirs. So one of them threw his pendulum at his companions, and broke four (front teeth) of his companions. So the matter was raised to Ali-asws. So the hitter established the proof by which he said that it was a precaution. So Ali-asws warded off the (Law of) retaliation, and said: ‘he had an excuse from the danger’.[166]
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أيوب بن نوح عن صفوان بن يحيى عن معاوية بن عمار قال: قال أبو عبد الله (ع): الصاعقة لا تصيب المؤمن فقال له رجل: فانا قد رأينا فلانا يصلي في المسجد الحرام فاصابته فقال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: انه كان يرمى حمام الحرم.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Muawiya Bin Amaar who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The thunderbolt does not strike the Believer (who does not get Allah-azwj)’. So a man said to him-asws, ‘But we saw so and so Praying in the Sacred Masjid, so it struck him’. So Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘He used to pelt doves of the Sanctuary’.[167]
وبهذا الاسناد قال: الصاعقة تصيب المؤمن والكافر ولا تصيب ذاكرا.
And by this chain,
he-asws said, ‘The thunderbolt strikes the Believer and the Infidel, and does not strike the mentioner (Zaakir of Allah-azwj)’.[168]
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري عن هارون بن مسلم عن مسعدة بن صدقة عن جعفر بن محمد عن أبيه عليهم السلام قال: كان علي عليه السلام يقوم في المطر أول مطر يمطر حتى يبتل رأسه ولحيته وثيابه فيقال له: يا أمير المؤمنين الكن الكن، قال: ان هذا ماء قريب العهد بالعرش،
My father said, ‘Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri narrated to us, from Haroun Bin Muslim, from Mas’ada Bin Sadaqa,
(It has been narrated) from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws stood in the rain, the first rain which rained until his-asws head, and his-asws beard and his-asws clothes were soaked’. So it was said to him-asws, ‘O Amir Al Momineen-asws! Take shelter, take shelter!’ He-asws said: ‘This water initiates from near the Throne’.
ثم أنشأ يحدث فقال: ان تحت العرش بحرا فيه ماء ينبت به ارزاق الحيوان، وإذا أراد الله أن ينبت ما يشاء لهم رحمة منه اوحى الله تعالى فمطر منه ما شاء من سماء إلى سماء حتى يصير إلى سماء الدنيا، فيلقيه السحاب، والسحاب بمنزلة الغربال،
Then he-asws elaborated, narrating, so he-asws said: ‘Underneath the Throne is an ocean in which is water by which springs the sustenance of the animals, and whenever Allah-azwj Intends to Provided whatever He-azwj so Desires to for them, as a Mercy from Himself-azwj, Allah-azwj the High Reveals to it, so it rains from it whatever He-azwj so Desires, from the sky to the sky, until it comes to the sky of the world, so it attaches itself to the clouds. And the clouds are at the status of the sieve.
ثم يوحي الله عزوجل إلى السحاب اطحنيه واذيبيه ذوبان الملح في الماء، ثم انطلقي به إلى موضع كذا وكذا عباب أو غير عباب فتقطر عليهم على النحو الذي يأمرها به، فليس من قطرة تقطر إلا ومعها ملك يضعها موضعها، ولم ينزل من السماء قطرة من مطر إلا بقدر معدود، ووزن معلوم إلا ما كان يوم الطوفان على عهد نوح فانه نزل منها منهمر بلا عدد ولا وزن.
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Reveals unto the clouds: “Pulverises it and melt it like the melting of the salt in the water. Then go with it to such and such a place as a torrent or not as a torrent.” So it drops upon them upon the area which it had been Commanded with. So there is none from a drop which drops, except that with it is an Angel who places it in its place, and there does not descend from the sky a drop of rain except that it is by a measured number, and of a known weight, except what was on the Day of the flood in the era of Noah -as, for it descended from it, pouring out with a numbering or weight’.[169]
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا أحمد بن ادريس قال حدثنا محمد بن أحمد عن علي بن الريان عن الحسين بن محمد عن عبد الرحمن بن أبي نجران عن عبد الرحمن بن حماد عن ذريح المحاربي عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: جاء رجل إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله فقال يا رسول الله يسأل الله عما سوى الفريضة، فقال: لا، قال: فو الذي بعثك بالحق لا تقربت إلى الله بشئ سواها، قال: ولم؟ قال: لان الله قبح خلقي،
My father said, ‘Ahmad Bin Idrees narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ali Bin Al rayan, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran, from Abdul Rahman Bin Hamaad, from Zareeh Al Mahary,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A man came over to the Prophet-saww, so he said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Does Allah-azwj Ask for what is besides the Obligations?’ So he-asws said: ‘No’. He said, ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent you-saww with the Truth, I will not get closer to Allah-azwj with something besides it’. He-saww said: ‘And why (not)?’ He said, ‘Because Allah-azwj Created me as ugly’.
قال: فامسك النبي صلى الله عليه وآله ونزل جبرئيل (ع) فقال: يا محمد ربك يقرئك السلام ويقول: اقرأ عبدي فلانا السلام، وقل له: أما ترضى ان ابعثك غدا في الآمنين، فقال: يا رسول الله وقد ذكرني الله عنده! قال: نعم، قال: فو الذي بعثك بالحق لا بقي شئ يتقرب به إلى الله عنده إلا تقربت به.
He-asws said: ‘So the Prophet-saww remained silent, and Jibraeel-as descended, so he-as said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Your-saww Lord-azwj Coveys the Greetings to you-saww, and is Saying: “Relate the Greetings to My-azwj so and so servant and say to him: ‘But are you not pleased that I-azwj would be Resurrecting you tomorrow among the secured ones?”’ So he said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And Allah-azwj has Mentioned me in His-azwj Presence!’. He-saww said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent you-saww with the Truth, there will not remain anything by which one can get closer to Allah-azwj in His-azwj Presence, except that I will get closer (to Allah-azwj) with it’.[170]
حدثنا حمزة بن محمد العلوي قال أخبرنا أحمد بن محمد الهمداني قال: حدثنا المنذر بن محمد قال حدثنا الحسين بن محمد قال: حدثنا سليمان بن جعفر عن الرضا (ع) قال: اخبرني أبي عن أبيه عن جده، ان أمير المؤمنين صلوات الله عليه أخذ بطيخة ليأكلها، فوجدها مرة فرمى بها، فقال: بعدا وسحقا، فقيل له: يا أمير المؤمنين وما هذه البطيخة؟ فقال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله ان الله تبارك وتعالى أخذ عقد مودتنا على كل حيوان ونبت فما قبل الميثاق كان عذبا طيبا، وما لم يقبل الميثاق كان ملحا زعاقا.
Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Hamdany, from Al manzar Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Suleyman Bin Ja’far,
(It has been narrated) from Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws informed me-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws, that Amir Al-Momineen-asws took a watermelon in order to eat it, but he-asws found it to be bitter, so he-asws threw it’. So he-asws said: ‘Be away and crushed’. So it was said to him-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and what is this watermelon?’ So he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High Took a Contract for our-asws cordiality upon every animal and vegetation. So whatever accepted the Covenant was sweet, good, and whatever did not accept the Covenant was bitter, venomous’.[171]
حدثنا محمد بن علي ما جيلويه رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن الحسين بن الحسن بن أبان عن محمد بن اورمة عن الحسن بن سعيد عن محمد بن اسحاق عن محمد بن الفيض قال: قلت جعلت فداك يمرض منا المريض فيأمره المعالجون بالحمية قال: لا ولكنا أهل البيت لا نحتمي إلا من التمر ونتداوى بالتفاح والماء البارد، قال: قلت ولم تحتمون من التمر؟ قال: لان نبي الله صلى الله عليه وآله حمى عليا عليه السلام منه في مرضه.
Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Aban, from Muhammad Bin Awrama, from Al Hassan Bin Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Is’haq, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl who said,
‘I said, May I be sacrificed for you-asws! One of us got sick with the fever, so the healer ordered him for the dieting’. He-asws said: ‘No, but we-asws, the People-asws of the Household do not diet (refrain) except from the dates, and we-asws heal by the apples and the cold water (for the fever)’. I said, ‘And why not from the dates?’ He-asws said: ‘Because the Prophet-saww got Ali-asws to diet (refrain) from it during his-asws illness’.[172]
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن محمد بن عيسى بن عبيد عن القاسم بن يحيى عن جده الحسن بن راشد عن أبي بصير عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: حدثني أبي عن جدي عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال امير المؤمنين (ع) قال: احسنوا صحبة النعم قبل فراقها، فانها تزول وتشهد على صاحبها بما عمل فيها.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from his grandfather Al Hassan Bin Rashid, from Abu Baseer,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws narrated to me-asws, from my-asws grandfather-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws that Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Be good in your dealings with the Bounties before their separation (from you), for these are declining (things), and would testify upon its owner with what he did with them’.[173]
وبهذا الاسناد قال أمير المؤمنين (ع) يخرج المسلم في الجهاد مع من لا يؤمن على الحكم ولا ينفذ في الفئ ما أمر الله عزوجل فانه إن مات في ذلك المكان كان معينا لعدونا في حبس حقنا والاشاطة بدمائنا وميتته ميتة جاهلية.
And by this chain, said,
‘Amir Al-Momineen said: ‘The Muslim who goes out regarding the Jihad with one who does not believe upon the Judgement of Allah-azwj, and does not implement with regards to Al-Fey (war booty) what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Commanded for, and if he were to die in that place, he would have been a supporter of our-asws enemies in withholding our-asws rights, and burning our-asws blood, and his death would be the death of the Pre-Islamic period’.[174]
وبهذا الاسناد قال: قال أمير المؤمنين (ع) سموا اولادكم قبل أن يولدوا فان لم تدروا أذكر أو انثى فسموهم بالاسماء التي تكون للذكر والانثى، فان اسقاطكم إذا لقوكم في القيامة ولم تسموهم يقول السقط لابيه ألا سميتني وقد سمى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله محسنا قبل أن يولد
And by this chain, said,
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Name your children before they are born, so if you are not knowing whether they would be male or a female, so name them with the name which happens to be for the male and the female, for if they are miscarried, when they meet you during the (Day of) Judgement and you have not named them, the miscarried one will say to its father, ‘You did not name me’, and Rasool-Allah-saww named Mohsin-as before his-as coming to the world’.
وقال: وإياكم وشرب الماء قياما على أرجلكم فانه يورث الذي لا دواء له إلا أن يعافي الله عزوجل.
And he-asws said: ‘Beware of drinking the water standing upon your feet (at night) for it inherits that which there is no cure for it, except if Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Excuses’.
قال مؤلف هذا الكتاب رحمه الله: يعني بالليل، أما النهار فان شرب الماء من قيام ادر للعروق وأقوى للبدن كما قال الصادق (ع) وقال علي (ع) إذا أراد أحدكم النوم فليضع يده اليمنى تحت خده الايمن فانه لا يدرى أينه من رقدته أم لا
The author of this books says, ‘It means at night. As for the daytime, so if water is drunk standing, it spins (blood) for the veins and is strengthening for the body, just as Al Sadiq-asws said. And Ali-asws said: ‘Whenever one of you intends for the sleep, so let him place his right hand beneath his right cheek, for he does not know whether he would open his eyes (wake up) from his slumber or not’.[175]
حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه عن عمه محمد بن أبي القاسم عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله عن علي بن محمد القاشاني عن ابراهيم بن محمد الثقفي عن علي بن المعلى عن ابراهيم بن الخطاب بن الفراء رفعه إلى أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: شكت اسافل الحيطان إلى الله تعالى من ثقل أعاليها، فأوحى الله عزوجل إليها يحمل بعضك بعضا وقال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: إذا أفلتت من أحدكم كلمة حمقاء يخاف منها على نفسه فليتبعها بكملمة تعجب منها تحفظ وتنسى تلك.
Muhammad Bin Al Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Ali Bin Muhammad Al Qashany, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Al Saqafy, from Ali Bin Al Moala, from Ibrahim Bin Al Khatab Bin Al Fara’a,
(It has been narrated) raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The bottom part of the wall complained to Allah-azwj of the weight of its higher part. So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto it that some of it should carry (the weight) of the other parts of it’. And Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘If a foolish word slips out from one of you, and he fears upon himself from it, so let him follow it with an admirable word, from that he would be preserved from it, and that one would be forgotten’.[176]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن الحسن بن محبوب عن علي بن رئاب عن محمد بن قيس قال، سمعت أبا جعفر (ع) يقول: ملكان هبط من السماء فالتقيا في الهواء، فقال أحدهما لصاحبه فيما هبطت، قال: بعثني الله عزوجل إلى بحر آيل احشر سمكة إلى جبار من الجبابرة اشتهى عليه سمكة في ذلك البحر، فأمرني ان احشر إلى الصياد سمكة البحر حتى يأخذها له ليبلغ الله عزوجل الكافر غاية مناه في كفره.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar narrated to us, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ali Bin Ra’ib, from Muhammad Bin Qays who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘Two Angels descended from the sky, so they met up in the atmosphere. One of them said to his companion: ‘Regarding what did you descend?’ He said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent me to Ayl sea to that I would cram the fish to a tyrant from the tyrants who is desirous over the fish in that sea. So He-azwj Commanded me that I should cram the fish of the sea towards the net in order for him to seize them in order for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic to Deliver the fulfilment of his wishes during his infidelity’.
قال الآخر لصاحبه: ففيما بعثت انت: قال: بعثني الله عزوجل في أعجب من الذي بعثك فيه بعثني إلى عبده المؤمن الصائم القائم المعروف دعائه وصومه في السماء لا كفي قدره التي طبخها لافطاره ليبلغ الله في المؤمن من الغاية في أختبار ايمانه.
The other one said to his companion: ‘So, with regards to what have you been Sent?’ He said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent me with regards to what is even stranger that which He-azwj Sent you. He-azwj Sent me to His-azwj believing servant, the Fasting one, and standing one (in Prayer), well known for his supplications and his Fasting in the sky, in order to overturn his pot in which he is cooking his meal, so that Allah-azwj would Test the believer with regards for his belief to be known’.[177]
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد عن بكر بن صالح الجعفري قال: سمعت موسى بن جعفر (ع) وهو يقول: ادفعوا معالجة الاطباء ما اندفع الداء عنكم فان بمنزلة قليله يجر إلى كثيرة.
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Bakr Bin Salih Al Ja’fary who said,
‘I heard Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws and he-asws was saying: ‘Pay the healing doctors for what diseases they repel from you, for it is at the status, that a little of it can lead to a lot’.[178]
حدثنا أحمد بن محمد عن أبيه عن العمركي عن علي بن جعفر عن أخيه موسى بن جعفر عن آبائه عليهم السلام قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله يؤمر برجل إلى النار فيقول الله عزوجل جلاله لمالك قل للنار لا تحرقي لهم اقداما فقد كانوا يمشون إلى المساجد ولا تحرقي لهم أوجها فقد كانوا يسبغون الوضوء ولا تحرقي لهم أيديا فقد كانوا يرفعوها بالدعاء ولا تحرقي لهم ألسنا فقد كانوا يكثرون تلاوة القرآن،
Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from his father, from Al Amraky,
(It has been narrated) from Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘(Some) men would be Commanded to the Fire, So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is His-azwj Majesty would Say to Maalik (Gatekeeper of Hell): “Say to the Fire that it should not burn their feet for they were walking to the Masjids, and not to burn their faces for they used to perform the ablution, and not to burn their hands for they used to raise these for the supplications, and not to burn their tongues for they used to frequent in the recitation of the Quran”.
قال: فيقول لهم خاززن النار يا اشقياء ما كان حالكم؟ قالوا: كنا نعمل لغير الله تعالى، فقيل لنا خذوا ثوابكم ممن عملتم له.
He-asws said: ‘So the Keepers of the Fires would be saying to them: ‘O wretches! What was your state?’ They would say, ‘We used to work for other than Allah-azwj the High, so it was said to us: ‘Take your rewards from the ones you had worked for’’.[179]
LLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 21
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن يعقوب بن يزيد عن محمد بن عمرو عن صالح بن سعيد عن أخيه سهل الحلواني عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: بينا عيسي بن مريم عليه السلام في سياحته إذ مر بقرية فوجد أهلها موتى في الطريق والدور، قال: فقال ان هؤلاء مانوا بسخطة، ولو ماتوا بغيرها تدافنوا، قال: فقال أصحابه وددنا انا عرفنا قصتهم،
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Muhammad Bin Amro, from Salih Bin Saeed, from his brother Sahl Al Halwany,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Isa Bin Maryam-as was on a tour when he-as passed by a town, so he-as found its inhabitant to have died on the road and in the houses. So he-as said: ‘They have died by Wrath (of Allah-azwj), and had they died by other (causes), they would have buried (each other)’. So his-as companions said, ‘We want to recognise their story’.
فقيل له: نادهم يا روح الله، قال: فقال يا أهل القرية، فاجابه مجيب منهم لبيك يا روح الله، قال ما حالكم وما قصتكم قال: أصبحنا في عافية وبتنا في الهاوية، قال: فقال وما الهاوية؟ قال: بحار من نار فيها جبال من نار،
So it was said to him-as, ‘Call out to them, O Spirit of Allah-azwj!’ So he-as said: ‘O people of the town!’ So an answerer from among them responded, ‘Here I am, O Spirit of Allah-azwj! He-as said: ‘What is the state of you all and what is your story?’ He said, ‘We were healthy in the morning and we slept in the abyss’. So he-as said: ‘And what is the abyss?’ He said, ‘A sea of Fire in which are mountains of fire’.
قال: وما بلغ بكم ما أرى؟ قال: حب الدنيا وعبادة الطاغوت، قال: وما بلغ من حبكم للدنيا، قال: حب الصبي لامه إذا أقبلت فرح وإذا أدبرت حزن، قال: وما بلغ من عبادتكم الطاغوت، قال: كانوا إذا امروا أطعناهم، قال: فكيف أجبتني أنت من بينهم، قال: لانهم ملجمون بلجم من نار عليهم ملائكة غلاظ شداد، وانى كنت فيهم ولم أكن منهم فلما أصابهم العذاب أصابني معهم، فانا معلق بشجرة أخاف اكبكب في النار،
And what delivered you all to what I-as see?’ He said, ‘Love for the world and worship of the tyrants’. He-as said: ‘And what was the extent of your love for the world?’ He said, ‘Love for the child for its mother, when she faces him he is happy, and when she is turned from him, he is in anguish’. And what was the extent of your worshipping of the tyrants?’ He said, ‘Whenever they used to order, we used to obey them’. He-as said: ‘So how come you answered me, from in between them (and they did not)?’ He said, ‘Because they are being reined by reins of Fire and upon them are Angels of intense cruelty, and I was among them, and was not from them. So when the Punishment hit them, it hit me along with them. So I attached myself to a tree in fear of being roasted in the fire’.
قال: فقال عيسى عليه السلام لاصحابه النوم على المزابل واكل خبز الشعير كثير من سلامة الدين.
He-asws said: ‘So Isa-as said to his-as companions: ‘The sleeping upon a garbage dump, and eating the barley bread is a lot from the safety of the Religion’.[180]
حدثنا احمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا الحسن بن علي السكوني قال حدثنا محمد بن زكريا الجوهري عن جعفر بن محمد بن محمد بن عمارة عن أبيه قال سمعت الصادق جعفر بن محمد عليهما السلام يقول: المؤمن علوي لانه علا في المعرفة، والمؤمن هاشمي لانه هشم الضلالة، والمؤمن قرشي لانه أقر بالشئ المأخوذ عنا، والمؤمن عجمي لانه استعجم عليه ابواب الشر، والمؤمن عربي لان نبيه صلى الله عليه وآله عربي وكتابه المنزل بلسان عربي مبين، والمؤمن نبطي لانه استنبط العلم، والمؤمن مهاجري لانه هجر السيئات، والمؤمن أنصاري لانه نصر رسوله وأهل بيت رسول الله، والمؤمن مجاهد لانه يجاهد أعداء الله تعالى في دولة الباطل بالتقية وفي دولة الحق بالسيف.
Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qataan narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Sakuny, from Muhammad Bin Zakariyya Al Jowhary, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Amara, from his father who said,
‘I heard Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws saying: ‘The Believer is an Alawite because he is high (A’la) in the understanding; and the Believer is a Hashimite because he shatters (Hasham) the straying; and the Believer is a Qureishite because he accepts (Aqar) with the thing which has been taken from us-asws; and the Believer is an Ajamy (non-Arab) because the doors of evil are opened up against him; and the Believer is an Arab because his Prophet-azwj is an Arab, and his Revealed Book is in the clear Arabic language; and the Believer is Nabatean because he educes the knowledge; and the Believer is an Emigrant because he flees from the evil deeds; and the Believer is a Helper because he helps Rasool-Allah-saww and the People-asws of the Household of Rasool-Allah-saww; and the Believer is a Holy warrior (Mujahid) because he struggles against the enemies of Allah-azwj in the government of the falsehood by the dissimulation, and in the government of the truth, by the sword’.[181]
حدثنا أحمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا الحسن بن علي السكري قال: حدثنا محمد بن زكريا الجوهري قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن عمارة عن أبيه قال: قال الصادق جعفر بن محمد عليه السلام: مطلوبات الناس في الدنيا الفانية أربعة: الغنى والدعة وقلة الاهتمام والعز، فاما الغنى فموجود في القناعة، فمن طلبه في كثرة المال لم يجده، وأما الدعة فموجودة في خفة المحمل، فمن طلبها في ثقلة لم يجدها، وأما قلة الاهتمام فموجودة في قلة الشغل فمن طلبها مع كثرته لم يجدها، وأما العز فموجود في خدمة الخالق، فمن طلبه في خدمة المخلوق لم يجده.
Ahamd Bin Al Hassan Al qataan narrated to us, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Sakary, from Muhammad Bin Zakariyya Al Jowhary, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Amarat, from his father who said,
‘Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws said: ‘The temporal wishes of the people in the world are four – The riches, and the relaxation, and less worries, and the honour. So, as for the riches, so it exists in the contentment, so the one who seeks it in the abundance of the wealth would not find it; and as for the relaxation, so it exists in the lightness of the load (burden), so the one who seeks in a heavy, would not find it; and as for the less worries, so it exists in the less occupations, so the one who seeks it with abundant (occupations), would not find it; and as for the honour, so it exists in serving the Creator, so the one who seeks it in serving the people would not find it’.[182]
حدثنا عبد الله بن محمد بن عبد الوهاب قال: حدثنا منصور بن عبد الله ابن إبراهيم الاصبهاني قال حدثنا علي بن عبد الله الاسكندراني قال حدثنا سعد بن عثمان قال حدثنا محمد بن أبي القاسم قال حدثنا عباد بن يعقوب قال أخبرنا علي بن هاشم عن ناصح بن عبد الله عن سماك بن حرب عن أبي سعيد الخدري قال: قال سلمان يا نبي الله ان لكل نبي وصيا، فمن وصيك؟ قال: فسكت عني،
Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahaab narrated to us, from Mansour Bin Abdullah Ibn Ibrahim Al Asbahany, from Ali Bin Abdullah Al Askandarany, from Sa’ad Bin Usman, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al qasim, from Abaad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Hashim, from Nasah Bin Abdullah, from Samaak Bin harb, from Abu Saeed Al Khudry who said,
‘Salman-as said, ‘O Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj! For every Prophet-as there is a successor-as, for who is your-saww successor-asws?’ He (the narrator) said, ‘So he-saww was silent from me (Salman-as).
فلما كان بعد غد رآني من بعيد، فقال: يا سلمان قلت لبيك واسرعت إليه فقال تعلم من كان وصى موسى قلت يوشع بن نون، ثم قال ذاك لانه يومئذ خيرهم واعلمهم ثم قال واني واشهد اليوم ان عليا خيرهم وافضلهم وهو وليى ووصيي ووارثي.
So when it was after the next morning, he-saww saw me-as from afar, so he-saww said: ‘O Salman-as! I-as said, ‘Here I-as am!’, and I-as hastened towards him-saww. So he-saww said: ‘Do you know who was the successor of Musa -as?’ I-assaid, ‘Yoshua Bin Noon-as’. He-saww said: ‘That was because in those days he-as was the best of them and the most knowledgeable of them’. Then he-saww said: ‘And I-saww testify that today, Ali-asws is the best of them, and their most meritorious, and he-asws is my-saww guardian, and my-saww successor-as, and my-saww inheritor’.[183]
حدثنا الحسن بن محمد بن يحيى العلوي رحمه الله قال حدثني جدي قال حدثني بكر بن عبد الوهاب قال حدثني عيسى بن عبد الله عن أبيه عن جده ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله دفن فاطمة بنت أسد بن هاشم وكانت مهاجرة مبايعة بالروحاء مقابل حمام أبي قطيعة قال وكفنها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله في قميصه ونزل في قبرها وتمرغ في لحدها فقيل له في ذلك فقال: اني ابى هلك وانا صغير فاخذتني هي وزوجها فكانا يوسعان على ويؤثراني على أولادهما فاحببت ان يوسع الله عليها قبرها.
Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Alawy narrated to us, from his grandfather, from Bakr Bin Abdul Wahab, from Isa Bin Abdullah, from his father, from his grandfather that,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww buried Fatima Bint Asad Bin Hashim-as, and she-as had emigrated, pledged her allegiance at Al Rawha, in front of the baths of Abu Quteyba. And Rasool-Allah-saww shrouded her-as in his-saww own shirt, and descended in her-as grave, and lied down inside it. So it was said to him-saww with regards to that, so he-saww said: ‘My-saww father-as had passed away, and I-saww was small, so she-as took me-saww, her-as and her-ashusband. They-as were both lenient upon me-saww, and preferred me-saww over their-as own children, therefore I-saww loved it that Allah-azwj should Expand her-as grave upon her-as’.[184]
حدثنا الحسن بن محمد بن يحيى العلوي رضي الله عنه قال حدثنى جدي عن يعقوب قال: حدثني ابن أبي عمير عن عبد الله بن سنان عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: ان فاطمة بنت أسد بن هاشم أوصت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فقبل وصيتها فقالت: يا رسول الله اني أردت اعتق جاريتي هذه، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: ما قدمت من خير فستجدينه،
Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Alawy narrated to us, from his grandfather, from Yaqoub, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘Fatima-as Bint Asad-as Bin Hashim-as, bequeathed to Rasool-Allah-saww, so he-as accepted her-as bequest. So she-as said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I-asintend to free this maid of mine-as’. So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Whatever good you-as send forward, so you-as would be finding it (in the Hereafter)’.
فلما ماتت رضوان الله عليها نزع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قميصه، قال: كفنوها فيه واضطجع في لحدها فقال: أما قميصي فامان لها يوم القيامة، وأما اضطجاعي في قبرها فليوسع الله عليها.
So when she-as passed away, Rasool-Allah-saww removed his-saww shirt and said: ‘Shroud her-as in it’, and he-saww lied down inside her-as grave. So he-saww said : ‘As for my-saww shirt, so it is a security for her-as on the Day of Judgement; and as for my-saww lying down in her-as grave, so Allah-azwj would Expand it upon her-as’.[185]
حدثنا الحسين بن يحيى بن ضريس البجلي قال: حدثنا أبو جعفر عمارة السكوني السرياني قال حدثنا ابراهيم بن عاصم بقزوين قال: حدثنا عبد الله ابن هارون الكرخي قال حدثنا أبو جعفر أحمد بن عبد الله بن يزيد بن سلام بن عبد الله مولى رسول الله قال حدثني أبي عبد الله بن بزيد قال: حدثني يزيد بن سلام انه سأل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فقال له: لم سمي الفرقان فرقانا: قال لانه متفرق الآيات والسور أنزلت في غير الالواح وغيره من الصحف والتوراة والانجيل والزبور نزلت كلها جلمة في الالواح والورق
Al Husayn Bin Yahya Bin Zarees Al Bajaly narrated to us, from Abu Ja’far Amarat Al Sakuny Al siryani, from Ibrahim Bin Aasim at Qazwin, from Abdullah Ibn Haroun Al Karkhy, from Abu Ja’far Ahmad Bin Abdullah Bin Yazeed Bin Salaam Bin Abdullah,
A slave of Rasool-Allah-saww, from Abu Abdullah Bin Yazeed, from Yazeed Bin Salaam who asked Rasool-Allah-saww, so he said to him-saww, ‘Why was Al-Furqan named as Furqan?’ He-saww said: ‘Because it (consists of) separate Verses and Chapters, in other than the Tablets and other than the Parchments; and the Torah, and the Evangel, and the Psalms, all of these were Revealed in their entirety in the Tablets and the Leaves’.
قال: فما بال الشمس والقمر لا يستويان في الضوء والنور قال: لما خلقهما الله عزوجل اطاعا ولم يعصيا شيئا فامر الله تعالى جبرئيل عليه السلام أن يمحو ضوء القمر فمحاه فأثر المحو في القمر خطوطا سوداء ولو أن القمر ترك على حاله بمنزلة الشمس ولم يمح لما عرف الليل من النهار ولا النهار من الليل ولا علم الصائم كم يصوم ولا عرف الناس عدد السنين، وذلك قول الله عزوجل: ” وجعلنا الليل والنهار آيتين فمحونا آية الليل وجعلنا آية النهار مبصرة لتبتغوا فضلا من ربكم ولتعلموا عدد السنين والحساب “
He said, ‘So what is the matter that the sun and the moon are not equal in the illumination and the light?’ He-saww said: ‘When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created these two, they obeyed and did not disobey anything. So Allah-azwj the High Commanded Jibraeel-as that he-as should erase the illumination of the moon. So he-as erased it. Thus the effects of the erasure are in the moon (in the form of) black lines, and had the moon been left upon its (original) state at the status of the sun, and had not been erased, neither the night would have been recognised from the day, nor the day from the night, nor would the Fasting one has known how many Fasts he has Fasted, nor would have the people recognised the number of the years. And these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [17:12] And We Made the night and the day as two Signs, then We Erased the Sign of the night and We Made the Sign of the day to be visible, so that you may seek Grace from your Lord, and that you might know the computation of the years and the accounting’.
قال: صدقت يا محمد، فاخبرني لم سمي الليل ليلا؟ قال: لانه يلايل الرجال من النساء جعله الله عزوجل الفه ولباسا وذلك قول الله تعالى: ” وجعلنا الليل لباسا وجعلنا النهار معاشا “
He said, ‘You-saww speak the truth, O Muhammad-saww’. So, inform me, why was the night named as night (Layl)?’ He-saww said: ‘Because the man goes near the woman. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Made it an intimacy and a covering. And these are the Words of Allah-azwj the High [78:10] And We made the night to be a covering, [78:11] And We made the day for seeking livelihood’.
قال: صدقت يا محمد، فما بال النجوم تستبين صغارا وكبارا ومقدارها سواء؟ قال: لان بينها وبين السماء الدنيا بحرا يضرب الريح امواجها فلذلك تستبين صغارا وكبارا ومقدار النجوم كلها سواء
He said, ‘You-saww speak the Truth, O Muhammad-saww! So what is the matter with the stars which appear small and bid, and is their measurement the same?’ He-saww said: ‘Because in between it and the sky of the world is an ocean which is struck by the wind forming waves. Therefore, it is due to that they appear to be small and big, and the measurement of the stars, all of them, is the same’.
قال: فاخبرني عن الدنيا لم سميت الدنيا؟ قال: الدنيا دنية خلقت من دون الآخرة ولو خلقت مع الآخرة لم يفن أهلها كما لا يفنى أهل الآخرة
He said, ‘So inform me, about the world, why was it named as ‘Dunya’?’ He-saww said: ‘The world is a nearer creation from besides the Hereafter (Created after it), and had it been Created along with the Hereafter, its inhabitants would not perish just like the inhabitants of the Hereafter’.
قال: فاخبرني عن القيامة لم سميت القيامة؟ قال: لان فيها قيام الخلق للحساب
He said, ‘So Inform me about the (Day of) Judgement, why was it named as ‘Al-Qiyamat’?’ He-saww said: ‘Because therein the people would be standing (قيام) for the Reckoning’.
قال فأخبرني لم سميت الآخرة آخرة قال لانها متأخرة تجئ من بعد الدنيا لا توصف سنيها ولا تحصى ايامها ولا يموت سكانها،
He said, ‘So inform me, why was the Hereafter named as ‘Akhirat’?’ He-saww said: ‘Because it is delayed (متأخرة). It would come from after the world. Neither can its years be described nor can its days be numbered, nor would its dwellers die’.
قال: صدقت يا محمد اخبرني عن اول يوم خلق الله عزوجل؟ قال: يوم الاحد، قال: ولم سمي يوم الاحد قال: لانه واحد محدود قال: فالاثنين، قال: هو اليوم الثاني من الدنيا، قال: والثلاثاء، قال: الثالث من الدنيا، قال: فالاربعاء، قال: اليوم الرابع من الدنيا قال: فالخميس، قال هو يوم خامس من الدنيا وهو يوم انيس لعن فيه ابليس ورفع فيه ادريس،
He said, ‘You-saww speak the Truth, O Muhammad-saww! Inform me about the first day Created by Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’ He-saww said: ‘The day of Sunday’. He said, ‘And why was is named as the day of ‘Ahad’?’ He-saww said: ‘Because it is one (واحد) restricted (محدود)’. He said, ‘So the Monday?’ He-saww said: ‘It is the second day of the world’. He said, ‘And the Tuesday?’ He-saww said: ‘The third one of the world’. He said, ‘So the Wednesday?’ He-saww said: ‘The fourth day of the world’. He said, ‘So the Thursday?’ He-saww said: ‘He-saww said: ‘It is the fifth day of the world, and it is a social day. Iblees-la was Cursed in it, and in it Idrees-as was Raised’.
قال: فالجمعة وهو يوم مجموع له الناس وذلك يوم مشهود وهو شاهد ومشهود، قال: فالبست، قال: يوم مسبوت وذلك قوله عزوجل في القرآن: ” ولقد خلقنا السموات والارض وما بينهما في ستة أيام ” فمن الاحد إلى يوم الجمعة ستة أيام، والسبت معطل،
He-saww said: ‘So the Friday, and is it is the day, the people were gathered for it, and that is a day which is witnessed, and it is a witness and (as well as) a witnessed’. He said, ‘So the Saturday?’ He-saww said: ‘An inactive day, and that is (in) the Words of the Mighty and Majestic in the Quran [50:38] And We have Created the skies and the earth and what is between them in six days’. So, from the Sunday to the day of Friday are six days, and the Saturday is deactivated’.
قال: صدقت يا رسول الله، فأخبرني عن آدم لم سمى آدم؟ قال: لانه خلق من طين الارض وأديمها، قال: فآدم خلق من طين كله أو طين واحد، قال: بل من الطين كله، ولو خلق من طين واحد لما عرف الناس بعضهم بعضا وكانوا على صورة واحدة، قال: فلهم في الدنيا مثل؟ قال: التراب فيه ابيض وفيه أخضر وفيه أشقر وفيه أغبر وفيه أحمر وفيه أزرق وفيه عذب وفيه ملح وفيه خشن وفيه لين وفيه أصهب فلذلك صار الناس فيهم لين وفيهم خشن وفيهم أبيض وفيهم أصفر وأحمر وأصهب وأسود على الوان التراب،
He said, ‘You-saww speak the Truth, O Muhammad-saww. So inform me about Adam-as, why was he-as named as Adam?’ ‘He-saww said: ‘Because he-as was Created from clay of the earth, and its crust’. He said, ‘So Adam-as was Created from all of the clays, or one clay?’ He-saww said: ‘But, from all of the clays. And had he-as been Created from one clay, the people would not have recognised each other, and they would (all) have been of one image’. He said, ‘Is there an example for them in the world?’ He-saww said: ‘The sand, in it is white, and in it is green, and it is yellow, and in it is dusty, and in it is red, and in it is blue, and in it is sweet, and in it is salty, and in it is coarse, and in it is smooth, and in it is reddish ginger. Thus, it was due to that, the people, there came to be among them harsh, and among them are white, and among them are yellow, and red, and reddish ginger, and black, upon the types of the sand’.
قال: صدقت يا محمد فأخبرني عن الوادي المقدس، لم سمي القدس؟ قال: لانه قدست فيه الارواح وأصطفيت فيه الملائكة وكلم الله عزوجل موسى تكليما،
He said, ‘You-saww speak the Truth, O Muhammad-saww! So, inform me about the Holy Valley, why was it named as ‘Al-Quds’?’ He-saww said: ‘Because therein, the spirits were Hallowed, and therein the Angels were Chosen, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Spoke to Musa-as with a Conversation’.
قال: فلم سميت الجنة جنة؟ قال: لانها جنينة خيرة نقية وعند الله تعالى ذكره مرضية.
He said, ‘So why was the Paradise named as ‘Jannat’ (Garden)?’ He-saww said: ‘Because it is the finest, purest Garden, and in the Presence of Allah-azwj, Elevated is His-azwj Mention, Satisfactory’.[186]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن العباس بن معروف عن علي بن مهزيار عن فضالة بن أيوب عن أبان بن عثمان عن محمد بن مسلم عن أبي جعفر الباقر عليه السلام قال: بعث رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله خالد بن الوليد إلى حي يقال لهم بنو المصطلق من بني خزيمة وكان بينهم وبين بني مخزوم احنة في الجاهلية، وكانوا قد أطاعوا رسول الله وأخذوا منه كتابا لسيرته عليهم، فلما ورد عليهم خالد أمر مناديه ينادي بالصلاة فصلى وصلوا، ثم أمر الخيل فشنوا عليهم الغارة فقتل فاصاب فطلبوا كتابهم فوجوده فاتوا به النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وحدثوه بما صنع خالد بن الوليد فاستقبل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله القبلة، ثم قال اللهم اني أبرء اليك مما صنع خالد بن الوليد،
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Aban Bin Usman,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Muslim, from Abu Ja’far Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Khalid Bin Al-Waleed to Hayy, who were called the Clan of Al-Mastalaq, from the Clan of Khuzeyma. And there used to be grudges between them and the Clan of Makhzoum in the Pre-Islamic period, and they had obeyed Rasool-Allah-saww, and taken from him-saww a writing for his-saww ways. So when Khalid Bin Al-Waleed went over to them, ordered a caller to call out for the Prayer. So he Prayed, and they Prayed. Then he ordered the cavalry, so they staged a raid against them, killing and wounding. So they looked for their writing, so they found it, and they brought it to the Prophet-saww, and narrated to him-saww of what Khalid Bin Al-Waleed had done. So Rasool-Allah-saww faced towards the Qiblah, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! I-saww disavow from what Khalid Bin Al-Waleed has done’.
قال: ثم قدم على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله بتبر ومتاع، فقال لعلي عليه السلام يا علي أيت بني خزيمة من بني المصطلق فارضهم مما صنع خالد بن الوليد، ثم رفع صلى الله عليه وآله قدميه فقال يا علي أجعل قضاء أهل الجاهلية تحت قدميك،
Then Ali-asws brought forward to Rasool-Allah-saww some chattels and provisions, so he-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Go to the Clan of Khuzeyman from the Clan of Al-Mustalaq, and get them to be pleased from what Khalid Bin Al-Waleed has done’. The Rasool-Allah-saww raised his-asws two feet, and said: ‘O Ali-asws! I-saww hereby make the judgement of the people of Ignorance to be beneath your-asws two feet’.
فأتاهم علي (ع) فلما انتهي اليكم حكم فيهم بحكم الله عزوجل، فلما رجع إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله قال: يا علي أخبرني بما صنعت فقال: يا رسول الله عمدت فاعطيت لكل دم رية، ولكل جنين غرة ولكل مال مالا وفضلت معي فضلة فاعطيتهم لميلغة كلابهم وحبلة رعاتهم وفضلت معي فضلة فاعطيتهم لروعة نسائهم وفزع صبيانهم وفضلت معي فضلة فاعطيتهم لما يعلمون ولما لا يعلمون وفضلت معي فضلة فاعطيتهم ليرضوا عنك يا رسول الله،
So Ali-asws went over to them. So when he-asws ended up to them, judged among them with the Judgement of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. So when he-asws returned to the Prophet-saww, he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Inform me-saww of what you-asws have done’. So he-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I-asws deliberated, so I-asws gave them for every (killed person) its blood money, and for every child and old person; and for every wealth (looted), wealth, and the leftover was with me-asws as a remnant. So I-asws gave them for the water troughs for their dogs and the cords for their sheep, and the leftover was with me-asws as a remnant. So I-asws gave them for the anxiety of their women, and the terror of their children, and the leftover is with me-asws as a remnant. So I-asws gave them for what they do not know, and the leftover is with me-asws as a remnant. So I-asws gave them (more) so that they would be pleased with you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فقال صلى الله عليه وآله: أعطيتهم ليرضوا عني رضي الله عنك. يا علي أنت مني بمنزلة هارون من موسى إلا انه لا نبي بعدي.
So he-saww said: ‘You-asws gave them for them to be pleased with me-saww, Allah-saww is Pleased with you-asws. O Ali-asws! You-asws are from me-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as, except that there is no Prophet-as after me-saww’.[187]
(باب 223 – العلة التي من أجلها أوجب الله على أهل الكبائر النار)
Chapter 223 – The reason due to which Allah-azwj Obligated the Fire upon the committers of the major sins
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن علي بن حسان الواسطي عن عمه عبد الرحمن بن كثير عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: ان الكبائر سبع، فينا انزلت ومنا استحلت فاولها الشريك بالله العظيم وقتل النفس التي حرم الله قتلها وأكل مال اليتيم وعقوق الوالدين وقذف المحصنة والفرار من الزحف وانكار حقنا،
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ali Bin Hasaan Al Wasity, from his uncle Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseer,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘The major sins are seven; to be committed against us-asws, and are legislated as: So the first one of these is the association with Allah-azwj, and killing of the soul which Allah-azwj has Forbidden to kill it, and consuming the wealth of the orphan, and disobedience to the two parents, and slandering the chaste woman, and the fleeing from the army, and the denial of our-asws rights.
واما الشرك بالله فقد انزل الله فينا ما انزل، وقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فينا ما قال، فكذبوا الله ورسوله، وأشركوا بالله،
And as for the association with Allah-azwj, so Allah-azwj has Revealed regarding us-asws what He-azwj Revealed, and Rasool-Allah-saww said regarding us-asws what he-saww said. So they belie Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and they are associating with Allah-azwj.
وأما قتل النفس التي حرم الله قتلها فقد قتلوا الحسين بن علي صلوات الله عليه وأصحابه،
And as for the killing of the soul which Allah-azwj has Forbidden to kill it, so they killed Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws and his-asws companions.
وأما أكل مال اليتيم فقد ذهبوا بقيئنا الذي جعله الله لنا وأعطوه غيرنا،
And as for consuming the wealth of the orphans, so they made our-asws portion which Allah-azwj had Made it to be for us-asws (Khums), and gave it to others.
وأما عقوق الوالدين فقد انزل الله ذلك في كتابه، فقال: (النبي أولى بالمؤمنين من أنفسهم وأزواجه امهاتهم)، فعقوا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله في ذريته وعقوا أمهم خديجة في ذريتها،
And as for the disobedience to the two parents, so Allah-azwj has Revealed it in His-azwj Book, so He-azwj Said [33:6] The Prophet is closer to the Believers than their own selves, and his wives are their mothers. So they disobeyed Rasool-Allah-saww in his-saww descendants-asws, and disobeyed their mother Khadeeja-as regarding her-as offspring-asws.
وأما قذف المحصنة فقد قذفوا فاطمة عليها السلام على منابرهم،
And as for the slandering the chaste woman, so they slandered (Syeda) Fatima-asws upon their pulpits.
وأما الفرار من الزحف فقد أعطوا أمير المؤمنين بيعتهم طائعين غير مكرهين، ففروا عنه وخذلوه،
And as for the fleeing from the army, so they gave their allegiances to Amir Al-Momineen-asws willingly without abhorrence. So they fled from him-asws and abandoned him-asws.
وأما انكار حقنا فهذا ما لا ينازعون فيه.
And as for the denial of our-asws rights, so this, there is no disputing with regards to it.[188]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد ابن الحسن الصفار عن أيوب بن نوح وابراهيم بن هاشم عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن بعض أصحابه عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: وجدنا في كتاب علي عليه السلام الكبائر خمسة الشرك وعقوق الوالدين واكل الربا بعد البينة والفرار من الزحف والنعرب بعد الهجرة.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhammad Ibn Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ayoub Bin Nuh and Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from one of his companions,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘We-asws found in the Book of Ali-asws, the major sins are five – the Polytheism, and disobedience to the two parents, and consumption of the interest after the proof, and the fleeing from the army, and ‘Al No’rab’ (assumption of the characteristics of the Pre-Islamic period Arabs)’.[189]
أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد عن الحسن ابن محبوب عن عبد العزيز العبدي عن عبيد بن زرارة قال: قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام اخبرني عن الكبائر، فقال: هن خمس وهن ما أوجب الله عليهن النار، قال الله تعالى (ان الذين يأكلون أموال اليتامي ظلما انما يأكلون في بطونهم نارا وسيصلون سعيرا) وقال: (يا ايها الذين آمنوا إذا لقيتم الذين كفروا زحفا فلا تولوهم الادبار) إلى آخر الآية وقوله عزوجل (يا ايها الذين آمنوا اتقوا الله وذروا ما بقي من الربوا) إلى آخر الآية ورمى المحصنات الغافلات المؤمنات وقتل مؤمن متعمدا على دينه
My father said, ‘Sa’d Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Ibn Mahboub, from Abdul Aziz Al Abady, from Ubeyd Bin Zarara who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Inform me about the major sins’. So he-asws said: ‘These are five, and these are what Allah-azwj has Obligated the Fire for. Allah-azwj the High Says [4:10] (As for) those who swallow the property of the orphans unjustly, but rather they only swallow fire into their bellies and they shall arriving at the Blazing Fire; and Said [8:15] O you who believe! When you meet those who disbelieve marching for war, then turn not your backs to them – up to the end of the Verse; and the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [2:278] O you who believe! Fear Allah and relinquish what remains (due) from the usury – up to the end of the verse; and throwing (slandering) the chaste women, the oblivious ones, the believing ones; and killing a Believer deliberately (for him being) upon his Religion’.[190]
(باب 224 – علة تحريم الخمر)
Chapter 224 – Reason for the Prohibition of the wine
حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رحمه الله قال حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادي قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن خالد عن أبيه عن محمد بن سنان قال: سمعت أبا الحسن علي بن موسى بن جعفر عليهم السلام يقول حرم الله عزوجل الخمر لما فيها من الفساد ومن تغييرها عقول شاربيها وحملها أياهم على انكار الله عزوجل والفرية عليه وعلى رسله وسائر ما يكون منهم من الفساد والقتل والقذف والزنا وقلة الاحتجاز عن شئ من المحارم
Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan who said,
‘I heard Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws saying: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Forbade the wine due to the mischief being in it, and due to it changing the intellect of its drinker, and it carrying him upon the denial of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic fabricating lies against Him-azwj and upon His-azwj Rasools-as, and the rest of what happens to be from it, from the mischief, and the killing, and the slandering, and the adultery, and the lack of constraint about something from the incest.
فبذلك قضينا على كل مسكر من الاشربة انه حرام محرم لانه يأتي من عاقبته ما يأتي من عاقبة الخمر، فليجتنب من يؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر ويتولانا وينتحل مودتنا كل شارب مسكر، فانه لا عصمة بيننا وبين شاربه.
Thus, it was due to that, we-asws Judged upon every intoxicant from the drinks, that it is Prohibited because there comes from its results what comes from the result of the wine. So let him keep himself away, the one who believes in Allah-azwj and the Last Day, and he is in our-asws Wilayah, and he adopts our-asws cordiality, from every intoxicating drink, for there is no bond between us-asws and the one who drinks it’.[191]
حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه عن عمه محمد بن أبي القاسم عن محمد بن علي الكوفي عن عبد الرحمن بن سالم عن المفضل بن عمر قال: قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام لم حرم الله الخمر؟ قال: حرم الله الخمر لفعلها وفسادها لان مدمن الخمر تورثه الارتعاش وتذهب بنوره وتهدم مروته وتحمله على أن يجترء على ارتكاب المحارم وسفك الدماء وركوب الزنا، ولا يؤمن إذا سكر أن يثب على حرمه ولا يعقل ذلك ولا يزيد شابها إلا كل شر.
Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Abdul Rahman Bin Salim, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Why did Allah-azwj Prohibit the wine?’ He-asws Said: ‘Allah-azwj Prohibited the wine due to its deeds and its mischief, because the one who is habitual of the wine would inherit the trembling, and his light would go away, and his manhood is demolished, and it carries him upon that he would be audacious upon indulging in the Prohibition, and shedding of the blood, and indulging in the adultery, and there is no security when he is drunk, that he would leap upon his female family members for incest, and that is inconceivable (for a normal person), and it does not increase its drinker except for every evil’.[192]
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار رحمه الله عن يعقوب بن يزيد عن ابراهيم عن أبي يوسف عن أبي بكر الحضرمي عن أحدهما قال: الغناء عش النفاق والشرب مفتاح كل شر ومدمن الخمر كعابد الوثن مكذوب بكتاب الله لو صدق كتاب الله لحرم حرام الله.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Ibrahim, from Abu Yusuf, from Abu Bakr Al Hazramy,
(It has been narrated) from one of the two-asws (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘The singing (music) is a nest of hypocrisy, and the (intoxicating) drink is a key to every evil, and the one habitual of (drinking) the wine is like a worshipper of the idols, a belier of the Book of Allah-azwj. Had he ratified the Book of Allah-azwj, he would have prohibited (himself) from the Prohibitions of Allah-azwj’.[193]
(باب 225 – العلة التي من أجلها صار شرب الخمر أشر من ترك الصلاة)
Chapter 225 – The reason due to which drinker of the wine came to be more evil than the one who neglects the Prayer
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا ابراهيم بن هاشم عن أبيه عن محمد بن أبي عمير عن اسماعيل بن يسار قال: سأل رجل أبا عبد الله عليه السلام عن شرب الخمر، أشر الخمر أم ترك الصلاة؟ فقال: شرب الخمر أشر من ترك الصلاة، وتدرى لم ذاك؟ قال لا قال يصير في حال لا يعرف الله تعالى ولا يعرف من خالقه.
My father narrated to us, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Ismail Bin Yasaar who said,
‘A man asked Abu Abdullah-asws about drinking the wine, is the wine more evil or neglecting the Prayer?’ So he-asws said: ‘Drinking of the wine is more evil than neglecting the Prayer. And do you know why that is so?’ He said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘He becomes in a state in which he neither recognises Allah-azwj the High, nor does he recognise the one who Created him’.[194]
(باب 226 – العلة التي من أجلها أحل ما يرجع إلى الثلث من الطلاء)
Chapter 226 – The reason due to which what returns to be a third from ‘Al-Tala’a’ (burned wine juice) is Permissible
حدثنا أبي رحمه الله قال حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن سهل بن زياد عن الحسن بن محبوب عن خالد بن حريز عن أبي الربيع الشامي عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: ان آدم (ع) لما هبط من الجنة اشتهي من ثمارها، فأنزل الله تبارك وتعالى عليه قضيبين من عنب فغرسهما، فلما اورقا وأثمرا وبلغا جاء إبليس فحاط عليهما حائطا، فقال له آدم: مالك يا ملعون؟ فقال له ابليس: انهما لي، فقال: كذبت، فرضيا بينهما بروح القدس،
My father narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Khalid Bin Hareyz, from Abu Al Rabie Al Shamy,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Adam-as descended from the Paradise, coveted (desired) its fruits. So Allah-azwj Blessed and High Sent down two stems of grapes, so he-as planted these two. So when it bore leaves and fruits and was big, Iblees-la came over and built a wall against these two. So Adam-as said to him-la: ‘What is the matter with you-la, O Accursed?’ So Iblees-la said to him-as, ‘These two are mine-la’. So he-as said: ‘You-la are lying!’ So they were both please with the Holy Spirit (as an arbitrator) in between them.
فلما انتهيا إليه فقبض آدم عليه السلام قبضته فأخذ روح القدس شيئا من نار فرمى بها عليهما فالتهبت في أغصانهما حتى ظن آدم انه لم يبق منها شئ إلا احترق وظن ابليس مثل ذلك.
So when they both ended up to it (the Holy Spirit), So Adam-as grabbed a handful (of sand), and the Holy Spirit grabbed something from the fire, so he (the Holy Spirit) threw it at the two (trees). So it ignited in its branches to the extent that Adam-as thought that there would not remain anything from it except that it would burn, and Iblees-la thought similar to that.
قال: فدخلت النار حيث دخلت وقد ذهب منهما ثلثاهما وبقي الثلث فقال الروح، أما ما ذهب منهما فحظ لابليس وما بقي فلك يا آدم.
He-asws said: ‘So the fire entered into where it entered, and two thirds of these two (trees) had gone, and there remained a third. So the (Holy) Spirit said: ‘As for what has gone (burnt down) from these two, so it is a portion for Iblees-la, and what remains, so it is for you-as, O Adam-as’.[195]
حدثنا أحمد بن زياد بن جعفر الهمذاني رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي ابن ابراهيم بن هاشم عن أبيه عن اسماعيل بن مرار عن يونس بن عبد الرحمن عن العلا عن محمد بن مسلم عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: كان أبي عليه السلام يقول ان نوحا عليه السلام حين أمر بالغرس كان ابليس إلى جانبه، فلما أراد أن يغرس العنب قال: هذه الشجرة لي، فقال له نوح عليه السلام: كذبت، فقال ابليس، فما لي منها، فقال نوح لك الثلثان، فمن هنا طاب الطلاء على الثلث.
Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al Hamdany narrated to us, from Ali Ibn Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from Ismail Bin Marar, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Al A’la, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws was saying: ‘When Noah-as was Commanded with the planting, Iblees-la was by his-as side. So when he-as intended to plant the grape, he-la said, ‘This tree is mine-la’. So Noah-as said: ‘You-la are lying!’ So Iblees-la said, ‘So what is there for me-la from it?’ So Noah-as said: ‘For you-la is the two thirds’. Thus, from here onwards, if two thirds of the grapes get burnt, (the remaining one third) is Permissible’.[196]
(باب 227 – علة منع شرب الخمر في حال الاضطرار)
Chapter 227 – The reason for the prevention from drinking the wine in the state of desperation
أخبرني علي بن حاتم فيما كتب إلى قال حدثنا محمد بن عمر قال: حدثنا علي بن محمد بن زياد قال حدثنا أحمد بن الفضل المعروف بأبي عمر، طيبة عن يونس ابن عبد الرحمن عن علي بن أبي حمزة عن أبي بصير عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال المضطر لا يشرب الخمر لانها لا تزيده إلا شرا ولانه إن شربها قتلته فلا يشرب منها قطرة،
Ali Bin Hatim informed me regarding what was written to him, from Muhammad Bin Umar, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Al Fazal, well known as Abu Umar Tayba, from Yunus Ibn Abdul Rahman, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The desperate one should not drink the wine because it does not increase (in anything) except for the evil, and if it is drunk, it would kill him. Therefore, do not drink a single drop from it’.
وروي لا تزيده إلا عطشا.
And it has been reported: ‘It does not increase (in anything) except for the thirst’.[197]
(باب 228 – العلة التي من أجلها صار قتل النفس لفساد الخلق)
Chapter 228 – The reason due to which the killing of soul came to be corruption of the people
حدثنا علي بن أحمد قال حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله عن محمد بن اسماعيل عن علي بن العباس قال: حدثنا القاسم بن الربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان ان أبا الحسن علي بن موسى الرضا (ع) كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله حرم قتل النفس لعلة فساد الخلق في تحليله لو أحل وفنائهم وفساد التدبير.
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Bin Al Rabie Al Sahaab,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan that Ali-as Bin Musa Al-Reza-as wrote to him in answer to what he had written to his question to him-asws: ‘The killing of the soul is Prohibited for the reason of the corruption of the people in its permissibility. Had it been permissible they would have been annihilated, and the system would have been corrupted (disrupted)’.[198]
حدثنا محمد بن موسى قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادي عن أحمد بن محمد بن أبي عبد الله عن عبد العظيم بن عبد الله قال: حدثني محمد بن علي عن أبيه عن جده قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله (ع) يقول قتل النفس من الكبائر لان الله تعالى يقول: (ومن يقتل مؤمنا متعمدا فجزاؤه جهنم خالدا فيها وغضب الله عليه ولعنه وأعدله عذابا عظيما).
Muhammad Bin Musa narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Abdul Azeem Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from his father, from his grandfather who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Killing of the soul is from the major sins, because Allah-azwj the High is Saying [4:93] And whoever kills a Believer intentionally, his Punishment is Hell; he shall abide in it eternally, and Allah will Send His Wrath on him and Curse him and Prepare for him a Painful Punishment’.[199]
(باب 229 – العلة التي من أجلها حرم عقوق الوالدين)
Chapter 229 – The reason due to which the disobedience to the two parents is Forbidden
حدثنا علي بن أحمد قال حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله عن محمد بن اسماعيل عن علي بن العباس قال حدثنا القاسم بن الربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان: ان الرضا (ع) كتب إليه: حرم الله عقوق الوالدين لما فيه من الخروج من التوفيق لطاعة الله تعالى والتوقير للوالدين وتجنب كفر النعمة وابطال الشكر، وما يدعو من ذلك إلى قلة النسل وانقطاعه لما في العقوق من قلة توقير الوالدين والعرفان بحقهما، وقطع الارحام، والزهد من الوالدين في الولد، وترك التربية، لعلة ترك الولد برهما.
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Bin Al Rabie Al Sahaaf,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan that Al-Reza-asws wrote to him: ‘Allah-azwj has Forbidden the disobedience to the two parents for what is in it from the exit from the inclination for the obedience to Allah-azwj the High and the reverence for the two parents, and the indulgence in the ungratefulness of the Bounties, and the invalidation of the thankfulness, and what it leads to from that to the scarcity of the offspring and it being cut-off, due to what is in the disobedience, from the scarcity of the reverence for the two parents and recognition of both their rights, and cutting-off of relationship, and the abstaining from the two parents regarding the child, and the neglect of the upbringing, due to the neglect of the child for being righteous to them both’.[200]
حدثنا محمد بن موسى عن علي بن الحسن السعد آبادي عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله عن عبد العظيم بن عبد الله الحسنى عن محمد بن علي عن أبيه عن جده قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام يقول: عقوق الوالدين من الكبائر لان الله تعالى جعل العاق عصيا شقيا.
Muhammad Bin Musa narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Abdul Azeem Bin Abdullah Al Hasany, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from his father, from his grandfather who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The disobedience to the two parents is from the major sins, because Allah-azwj the High Made the ingrate to be a sinner, a wretch’.[201]
(باب 230 – العلة التي من أجلها حرم الزنا)
Chapter 230 – The reason due to which the adultery is Prohibited
حدثنا علي بن أحمد قال حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله عن محمد بن اسماعيل عن علي بن العباس عن القاسم بن الربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان ان أبا الحسن علي بن موسي الرضا عليه السلام كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله حرم الزنا لما فيه من الفساد من قتل الانفس وذهاب الانساب وترك التربية للاطفال وفساد المواريث، وما أشبه ذلك من وجود الفساد
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Bin Al Rabie Al Sahaaf,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan that Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws wrote to him in answer to what he had asked him: ‘The adultery is Prohibited for what is in it from the mischief, from the killing of the soul, and lineages disappear, and the upbringing of the children is neglected, and the inheritances are corrupted, and whatever resembles that from the existence of the corruption’.[202]
أخبرني علي بن حاتم قال: حدثنا أبو محمد النوفلي قال حدثنا أحمد بن هلال عن علي بن اسباط عن ابن اسحاق الخراساني عن أبيه: ان عليا عليه السلام قال: إياكم والزنا فان فيه ست خصال، ثلاث في الدنيا وثلاث في الآخرة فاما اللواتي في الدنيا، فيذهب بالبهاء ويقطع الرزق الحلال ويعجل الفناء إلى النار، وأما اللواني في الآخرة فسوء الحساب وسخط الرحمان والخلود في النار.
Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Abu Muhammad Al Nowfaly, from Ahmad Bin Hilal, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Ibn Is’haq Al Khurasany, from his father that,
‘Ali-asws said: ‘Beware of the adultery, for therein are six characteristics – three in the world and three in the Hereafter. So, as for those in the world, it does away (eliminates) with the beauty, and cuts-off the Permissible livelihood, and it hasten the annihilation to the Fire. And as for those in the Hereafter – so it is the evil Reckoning, and Anger of the Beneficent, and the eternity in the Fire’.[203]
(باب 231 – العلة التي من أجلها حرم قذف المحصنات)
Chapter 231 – The reason due to which the slandering of the chaste woman is Prohibited
حدثنا علي بن أحمد قال حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله عن محمد بن اسماعيل عن علي بن العباس قال: حدثنا القاسم بن الربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان أن أبا الحسن علي بن موسى الرضا عليه السلام كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله حرم الله عزوجل قذف المحصنات لما فيه من فساد الانساب ونفي الولد وإبطال المواريث وترك التربية وذهاب المعارف، وما فيه من المساوئ والعلل التي تودي إلى فساد الخلق.
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Bin Al Rabie Al Sahaf, from
Muhammad Bin Sinan that Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws wrote to him in answer to what he had asked him: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Prohibited slandering the chaste woman for what is in it from the corruption of the lineage, and denial of the child, and the invalidation of the inheritances, and neglect of the upbringing (of the child), and the goodness goes away, and what is in it from the drawbacks and the reasons which lead to corruption of the people’.[204]
حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادي قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد قال: حدثني عبد العظيم بن عبد الله الحسني عن محمد بن علي (ع) قال: حدثني أبي قال سمعت أبي يقول سمعت جعفر بن محمد عليه السلام يقول قذف المحصنات من الكبائر لان الله عزوجل يقول (لعنوا في الدنيا والآخرة ولهم عذاب عظيم).
Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Abdul Azeem Bin Abdullah Al Hasany,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws narrated to me-asws saying: ‘I-asws heard my-asws father-asws saying: ‘I-asws heard Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws saying: ‘Slandering the chaste woman is from the major sins, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying (slanderers) [24:23] are Cursed in the world and the Hereafter, and they shall have a grievous Punishment’.[205]
(باب 232 – العلة التي من أجلها حرم أكل مال اليتيم ظلما)
Chapter 232 – The reason due to which it is Prohibited to consume the wealth of the orphans unjustly
حدثنا علي بن أحمد قال حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله عن محمد بن اسماعيل عن علي بن العباس قال حدثنا القاسم بن الربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان ان أبا الحسن علي بن موسى الرضا (ع) كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله حرم اكل مال اليتيم ظلما لعلل كثيرة من وجود الفساد اول ذلك إذا أكل مال اليتيم ظلما فقد أعان على قتله إذ اليتيم غير مستغن ولا محتمل لنفسه ولا قائم بشأنه ولا له من يقوم عليه ويكفيه كقيام والدين
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad in Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Al Rabie Al Sahaf,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan that Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa Al Reza-asws wrote to him in answer to his question: ‘The consumption of the wealth of the orphan unjustly is Prohibited for the reason of existence of a lot of mischief, the fist of that being, that when someone eats the wealth of the orphan unjustly, so he has aided upon his killing, if the orphan is neither needless of it, nor can he carry his own burden himself, nor can he establish his own affairs, nor does he have anyone who stands up for him, and suffices for him for the establishment (of his affairs) like the parents do.
فإذا أكل ماله فكأنه قد قتله وصيره إلى الفقر والفاقة مع ما خوف الله عزوجل من العقوبة في قوله: (ليخش الذين لو تركوا من خلفهم ذرية ضعافا فليتقوا الله) ولقول أبي جعفر عليه السلام ان الله عزوجل وعد في أكل مال اليتيم عقوبتين، عقوبة في الدنيا وعقوبة في الآخرة
So when he eats his wealth (unjustly), so it is as if he has killed him, and made him to travel to the poverty and the hunger. Furthermore, he has no fear of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic from the Punishment, with regards to His-azwj Words [4:9] And let those fear who, should they leave behind them weakly offspring, would fear on their account, so let them fear Allah, and the words of Abu Ja’far-asws that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Promised two Punishments for everyone who eats the wealth of the orphans (unjustly) – a Punishment in the world, and a Punishment in the Hereafter.
ففي تحريم مال اليتيم استبقاء اليتيم واستقلاله بنفسه والسلامة للعقب أن يصيبه ما أصابهم لما وعد الله فيه من العقوبة مع ما في ذلك من طلب اليتيم بثأره إذا أدرك ووقوع الشحناء والعداوة والبغضاء حتى يتفانوا.
Therefore, in the Prohibition of the wealth of the orphans is the remaining for the orphan, and the independence for himself, and the safety in the future if the difficulties were to hit him what (these normally tend to) hit them. When Allah-azwj Promised in it from the Punishment, along with what is in that from the orphan seeking the revenge when he realises, and the occurrence of the grudge and the enmity, and the hatred, until they (wish to) annihilate each other’.[206]
(باب 233 – العلة التي من أجلها حرم الفرار من الزحف) (والتعرب بعد الهجرة)
Chapter 233 – The reason due to which it is Prohibited to flee from the arm, and the adoption of the practices of the Pre-Islamic period Arabs after the Emigration
حدثنا علي بن أحمد قال حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله عن محمد بن اسماعيل عن علي بن العباس قال حدثنا القاسم بن الربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان ان ابا الحسن الرضا (ع) كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله حرم الله تعالى الفرار من الزحف لما فيه من الوهن في الدين والاستخفاف بالرسل والائمة العادلة وترك نصرتهم على الاعداء والعقوبة لهم على انكار ما دعوا إليه من الاقرار بالربوبية وأظهار العدل وترك الجور وأمانة الفساد، ولما في ذلك من جرئة العدو على المسلمين وما يكون في ذلك من السبي والقتل، وابطال دين الله تعالى، وغيره من الفساد،
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Al Rabie Al Sahaf,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan that Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws wrote to him in answer to his question: ‘Allah-azwj the high has Prohibited the fleeing from the army due to what is in it from the weakness for the Religion, and the belittling with the Rasool-saww and the Just Imams-asws, and the neglecting of helping them-asws against the enemy, and the consequences for them-asws upon the denial of what they are inviting to, from the acceptance of the Lordship (of Allah-azwj) and the manifestation of the justice, and the neglecting of the tyranny, and safety from the corruption, and whatever is in that from the audacity of the enemy upon the Muslims, and what may happen in that from the captivity and the killing, and the invalidation of the Religion of Allah-azwj the High, etc. from the mischief.
وحرم التعرب بعد الهجرة للرجوع عن الدين وترك الموازرة للانبياء والحجج عليهم السلام، وما في ذلك من الفساد، وابطال حق كل ذي حق لا لعلة سكنى البدو، ولذلك لو عرف الرجل الدين كاملا لم يجز له مساكنة أهل الجهل والخوف عليه لا يؤمن أن يقع منه ترك العلم، والدخول مع أهل الجهل والتمادي في ذلك.
And the adoption of the practices of the Pre-Islamic Arabs after the emigration is Prohibited due to the returning from the Religion, and the neglecting of the preaching of the Prophets-as and the Proofs-asws, and what is in that from the corruption, and the invalidation of the rights of everyone with the right, not for the reason of dwelling of the Bedouin. And due to that, if the man understands the Religion completely, it is not allowed for him to dwell with the ignorant people, and the fear over him that he would not be safe that due to them he would end up neglecting the knowledge, and would enter to be among the ignorant people and persisting in that’.[207]
(باب 234 – علة تحريم ما أحل به لغير الله)
Chapter 234 – Reason for the Prohibition of what is slaughtered for other than Allah-azwj
حدثنا علي بن أحمد قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله عن محمد بن اسماعيل عن علي بن العباس قال حدثنا القاسم بن الربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان ان أبا الحسن الرضا (ع) كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله حرم ما أهل به لغير الله للذي أوجب على خلقه من الاقرار به وذكر اسمه على الذبايح المحللة ولئلا يساوي بين ما تقرب به إليه وما جعل عبادة الشياطين والاثان، لان في تسمية الله عزوجل الاقرار بربوبيته وتوحيده، وما في الاهلال لغير الله من الشرك والتقريب إلى غيره ليكون ذكر الله وتسميته على الذبيحة فرقا بين ما أحل وبين ما حرم.
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Al Rabie Al Sahaf,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan that Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws wrote to him in answer to his question: ‘Forbidden is what is slaughtered for other than Allah-azwj due to Him-azwj having Obligated upon His-azwj creatures from the acceptance of Him-azwj, and Mentioning of His-azwj Name upon the slaughter for it to be Permissible and perhaps there may be considered to be equal in between what is for getting closer to Him-azwj and what is made for the worshipping of the devils and the idols; because in the Naming of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is the acceptance with His-azwj Lordship and His-azwj Oneness, and what is slaughtered for other than Allah-azwj, from the Polytheism and the getting closer to others, so that the Mentioning of Allah-azwj, and Naming Him-azwj upon the slaughter would be the differentiating criterion between what is Permissible and what is Prohibited’.[208]
(باب 235 – علة تحريم سباع الطير والوحش)
Chapter 235 – Reason for the Prohibition of (eating) predatory birds and the wild animals
حدثنا علي بن أحمد بهذا الاسناد ان الرضا (ع) كتب إلى محمد بن سنان حرم سباع الطير والوحش كلها، لاكلها من الجيف ولحوم الناس والعذرة وما اشبه ذلك، فجعل الله عزوجل دلائل ما أحل من الوحش والطير وما حرم كما قال أبي عليه السلام كل ذي ناب من السباع، وذي مخلب من الطير حرام، وكل ما كان له قانصة من الطير فحلال،
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us by this chain,
(It has been narrated) that Al-Reza-asws wrote to Muhammad Bin Sinan: ‘Forbidden are the predatory birds and the wild animals (to eat), all of them, for they eat from the carcass, and flesh of the people, and what resembles that. So, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made evident what is Permissible from the wild animals and the birds and what is Prohibited, just as my-asws father-asws said: ‘Everything with canines from the predators, and with claws from the birds, is forbidden, and whatever has a gizzard from the birds, so it is Permissible.
وعلة أخرى تفرق بين ما أحل من الطير وما حرم قوله كل ما دف ولا تأكل كل ما صف وحرم الارانب لانها بمنزلة السنور ولها مخالب كمخالب السنور وسباع الوحش، فجرت مجريها في قذرها في نفسها وما يكون منها من الدم كما يكون من النساء لانها مسخ.
And another reason to differentiate between what is Permissible from the birds and what is Prohibited, are his-asws words: ‘Eat whatever flaps its wings (to fly), and do not eat every one which spans it wings (to fly). And the rabbits are forbidden because it is at the status of the cat, and it has claws for it like the claws of the cat and the predatory animals. So there flows in her flowing, in itself and what happens from it, from the (flow of) blood, just as what happens from the women (menstruation), because it is metamorphosed’.[209]
(باب 236 – علة تحريم الربا)
Chapter 236 – Reason for the Prohibition of the interest (Usury)
حدثنا علي بن أحمد رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي بشر عن علي بن العباس عن عمر بن عبد العزيز عن هشام بن الحكم قال: سألت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام عن علة تحريم الربا، قال: انه لو كان الربا حلالا لترك الناس التجارات وما يحتاجون إليه فحرم الله الربا لنفر الناس عن الحرام إلى التجارات وإلى البيع والشراء فيفضل ذلك بينهم في القرض.
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Abu Bishr, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Umar Bin Abdul Aziz, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the reason for the Prohibition of the interest. He-asws said: ‘Had the interest been Permissible, the people would have neglected the business for it and would have been needy for it. So Allah-azwj Prohibited the interest in order to alienated the people away from the Prohibition to the business, and to the selling and the buying. So He-azwj Preferred that between them with regards to the lending.[210]
أخبرني علي بن حاتم قال: حدثنا أبو عبد الله محمد بن احمد بن ثابت قال: حدثنا عبيد عن ابن أبي عمير عن هشام بن سالم عن أبي عبد الله (ع) قال: انما حرم الله عزوجل الربا لئلا تمتنعوا عن اصطناع المعروف.
Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Sabit, from Ubeyd, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘But rather, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Forbidden the interest lest it prevents them from enjoining of the goodness (between people)’.[211]
وعنه قال: حدثنا أبو القاسم حميد قال حدثني عبد الله بن أحمد النهيكي عن علي بن الحسن الطاطري عن درست بن أبي منصور عن محمد بن عطية عن زرارة قال: قال أبو جعفر (ع): انما حرم الله الربا لئلا يذهب المعروف.
And from him, who said, ‘Abu Al Qasim Hameed narrated to us, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad Al Nahyki, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Al Tatary, from Darast Bin Abu Mansour, from Muhammad Bin Atiya, from Zarara who said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘but rather, Allah-azwj Prohibited the interest, lest the (enjoining of the) goodness goes away’.[212]
حدثنا علي بن أحمد قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله عن محمد بن اسماعيل عن علي بن العباس قال: حدثنا القاسم بن الربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان أن ابا الحسن علي بن موسى الرضا (ع) كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله علة تحريم الربا انما نهي الله عزوجل عنه لما فيه من فساد الاموال لان الانسان إذا اشترى الدرهم بالدرهمين كان ثمن الدرهم درهما وثمن الآخر باطلا، فبيع الربا وشرائه وكس على كل حال، على المشتري وعلى البائع،
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Al Rabie Al Sahaaf,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan that Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws wrote to him with regards to what he had written, in answer to his question of the reason for the Prohibition of the interest: ‘But rather, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Forbidden from it due to what there is in it from the corruption of the wealth, because the human being, when he buys with one Dirham, the two Dirhams, the value of the Dirham was one Dirham, and the value of the other one is invalid. So the selling of the interest and its buying is a loss maker in every situation, upon the buyer and upon the seller.
فحظر الله تبارك وتعالى على العباد الربا لعلة فساد الاموال كما حظر على السفيه أن يدفع إليه ماله لما يتخوف عليه من إفساده حتى يؤنس منه رشدا، فلهذه العلة حرم الله الربا وبيع الدرهم بدرهمين يدا بيد،
Thus, Allah-azwj Blessed and High has Banned the interest upon the servants for the reason of the corruption of the wealth, just as He-azwj Banned upon the fool that his wealth be handed over to him when it is feared upon him from the spoiling of it until rationale is sensed from him. Therefore, it is for this reason Allah-azwj has Forbidden the interest, and selling the Dirham by two Dirhams, hand to hand.
وعلة تحريم الربا بعد البينة لما فيه من الاستخفاف بالحرام المحرم، وهي كبيرة بعد البيان وتحريم الله تعالى لها ولم يكن ذلك منه إلا استخفافا بالمحرم للحرام والاستخفاف بذلك دخول في الكفر،
And the reason for the Prohibition of the interest after the clarification (that is it indeed interest) is for what is therein from the belittling with the Prohibition of the Prohibitor, and it is a major sin after the clarification. And Allah-azwj the High has Prohibited it, and nothing of that happens from it except for the belittling with the Prohibitor of the Prohibition, and the belittling of that enters one into the infidelity.
وعلة تحريم الربا بالنسيئة لعلة ذهاب المعروف وتلف الاموال ورغبة الناس في الربح وتركهم القرض وصنايع المعروف ولما في ذلك من الفساد والظلم وفناء الاموال.
And reason for the prohibition of the interest for delaying the payment, is for the reason of the going away of the (enjoining of the) goodness, and deterioration of the wealth, and the people’s desire for the profit, and their neglecting the lending and making good, and for what is therein from the spoilage, and the injustice, and annihilation of the wealth’.[213]
(باب 237 – العلة التي من أجلها حرم الله تعالى الخمر والميتة) (والدم ولحم الخنزير والقرد والدب والفيل والطحال)
Chapter 237 – The reason due to which Allah-azwj Prohibited the wine, and the dead, and the blood, and flesh of the swine, and the monkey, and the bear, and the elephant, and the spleen
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن محمد بن اسماعيل بن بزيع عن محمد بن عذافر عن بعض رجاله عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: قلت له لم حرم الله عزوجل الخمر والميتة والدم ولحم الخنزير؟ فقال: ان الله تبارك وتعالى لم يحرم ذلك على عباده وأحل لهم ما سوى ذلك من رغبة فيما أحل لهم ولا زهد فيما حرمه عليهم، ولكنه تعالى خلق الخلق فعلم ما يقوم به أبدانهم وما يصلحهم فاحله لهم وأباحه وعلم ما يضرهم فنهاهم عنه وحرمه عليهم ثم أحله للمضطر في الوقت الذي لا يقوم بدنه إلا به فأمره أن ينال منه بقدر البلغة لا غير ذلك
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin baize, from Muhammad Bin Azafar, from one of his men,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws, said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Why did Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Prohibit the wine, and the dead, and the blood, and flesh of the swine?’ So he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High did not Prohibit that upon His-azwj servants and Permitted for them what is besides that from to Incline them towards what is Permissible for them, nor for them to abstain regarding what is Prohibited unto them. But, He-azwj, the Exalted, Created the creatures so He-azwj Knows what their bodies would be straightened with and what is correct for them, so He-azwj Permitted it for them and allowed it; and He-azwj Knows what is harmful for them, so Prevent it from them, and Prohibited it unto them. Then, He-azwj Permitted it for the desperate during the time which his body would not be able to stand except by it, so He-azwj Commanded it that he can take from it in a measure of the necessity, not other than that’.
ثم قال: أما الميتة فانه لم ينل أحد منها إلا لضعف بدنه أو وهنت قوته وانقطع نسله ولا يموت آكل الميتة إلا فجأة
Then he-asws said: ‘As for the dead, so no one would take from it except that it would weaken his body, or lessen his strength, and cut-off his offspring; and the eater of the dead would not be dying except suddenly.
وأما الدم فانه يورث آكله الماء الاصفر، ويورث القلب وقساوة القلب وقلة الرأفة والرحمة حتى لا يؤمن على حميمه ولا يؤمن على من صحبه،
And as for the blood, so its consumer inherits the yellow water, and inherit the heard diseases and harshness of the heart, and be of little kindness and mercy, to the extent that his intimate one would not be secure from him, nor would the one who accompanies him would be safe from him.
وأما لحم الخنزير فان الله تعالى مسخ قوما في صور شتى مثل الخنزير والقرد والدب، ثم نهى عن أكل المثلة لكيما ينتفع بها ولا يستخف بعقوبته،
And as for the flesh of the swine, so Allah-azwj the High Metamorphosed a people to be in the image like the pigs, and the monkeys, and the bears. Then He-azwj Prohibited from eating the mutilated ones so as not to underestimate His-azwj Punishment.
وأما الخمر فانه حرمها لفعلها وفسادها ثم قال: ان مدمن الخمر كعباد الوثن وتورثه الارتعاش وتهدم مروته وتحمله على ان يجسر على المحارم من سفك الدماء وركوب الزنا حتى لا يؤمن إذا سكران يثب على حرمه وهو لا يعقل ذلك، والخمر لن تزيد شاربها إلا كل شر.
And as for the wine, so He-azwj Prohibited it due to its workings and its corruption’. Then he-asws said: ‘The one habitual of the wine is like the worshipper of the idols, and he would inherit the trembling, and it would demolish his manhood, and carry him upon the audacity of committing the Prohibition from the shedding of the blood, and indulging in adultery, to the extent when he is drunk, it is not safe that he might leap upon his female family members, and he would not have the intellect for that. And the wine, it never increases its drinking one except for every evil’.[214]
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى وابراهيم بن هاشم جميعا عن محمد بن اسماعيل عن محمد بن عذافر عن أبيه عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام سواء.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, and Ibrahim Bin Hashim both together, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Bin Azafar, from his father,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws, same’.[215]
حدثنا أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي القاسم ماجيلويه عن محمد بن علي الكوفي عن عبد الرحمن بن سالم عن المفضل بن عمر قال: قلت لابي عبد الله (ع) أخبرني لم حرم الله تعالى لحم الخنزير؟ قال: ان الله تبارك وتعالى مسخ قوما في صور شتى مثل الخنزير والقرد والدب، ثم نهى عن أكل المثلة لكيلا ينتفع بها ولا يستخف بعقوبته.
My father narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Abdul Rahman Bin Salim, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Inform me, why did Allah-azwj the High Prohibit the flesh of the swine?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High metamorphosed a people in the image of a type similar to the pigs, and the monkeys, and the bears. Then He-azwj Prohibited from eating the mutilated ones so as not to underestimate His-azwj Punishment.[216]
حدثنا علي بن أحمد بن محمد رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله الكوفي عن محمد بن اسماعيل البرمكي عن علي بن العباس قال: حدثنا القاسم ابن الربيع الصحاف عن محمد بن سنان ان الرضا كتب إليه فيما كتب من جواب مسائله حرم الخنزير لانه مشوه جعله الله تعالى عظة للخلق وعبرة وتخويفا ودليلا على ما مسخ على خلقته ولان غذاؤه أقذر الاقذار مع علل كثيرة وكذلك حرم القرد لانه مسح مثل الخنزير، جعل عظة وعبرة للخلق ودليلا على ما مسخ على خلقته وصورته وجعل فيه شبه من الانسان ليدل على انه من الخلق المغضوب عليهم.
Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Barmakky, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Al Qasim Ibn Al Rabie Al Sahaf,
(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Sinan that Al-Reza-asws wrote to him in answer to what he had asked him: ‘The swine is Forbidden because it has been transformed. Allah-azwj the High as a referent for the people, and as a lesson, and as an intimidation, and as an evidence upon what metamorphosis occurred upon His-azwj creatures, and because of its food is the filthiest of the filth, along with many reasons. And similar to that, He-azwj Forbade the monkey because its touch is like the pig, Making it as a referent, and as a lesson for the people, and as an evidence upon what metamorphosis has occurred upon His-azwj creatures and its faces, and made therein a resemblance from the human beings in order for it to evidence that it is from the people, upon whom was the Wrath (of Allah-azwj)’.
وكتب الرضا (ع) إلى محمد بن سنان فيما كتب إليه من جواب مسائله حرمت الميتة لما فيها من فساد الابدان والافة ولما أراد الله تعالى أن يجعل التسمية سببا للتحليل وفرقا بين الحلال والحرام، وحرم الله تعالى الدم كتحريم الميتة لما فيه من فساد الابدان ولانه يورث الماء الاصفر يبخر الفم وينتن الريح ويسيئ الخلق ويورث القسوة للقلب وقلة الرأفة والرحمة لا يؤمن ان يقتل ولده ووالده وصاحبه، وحرم الطحال لما فيه من الدم، ولان علته وعلة الدم والميتة واحدة لانه يجري مجريها في الفساد.
And Al-Reza-asws wrote to Muhammad Bin Sinan in answer to what he had written to ask him-asws: ‘The dead have been Forbidden due to what is therein from the spoilage of the bodies and the health, and due to what Allah-azwj the High Intended the Naming (Bismillah) as a cause for the Permissibility and a criterion between the Permissible and the Prohibited. And Allah-azwj the High Prohibited the blood like the Prohibition of the dead due to that is therein from the spoilage of the bodies, and because it inherits the yellow water, and vapour of the mouth, and stinking wind, and abusive manners, and it inherits the harshness of the heart, and the scarcity of the kindness and the mercy. It is not safe if he were to kill his children, or his parents, and his companion. And the spleen is Prohibited due to what is therein from the blood, and because its reason, and the reason for the blood, and the dead, is one; because it flows the (same) flowing in the mischief’.[217]
حدثنا محمد بن علي ما جيلويه رضي الله عنه عن عمه محمد بن أبي القاسم عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله البرقي عن محمد بن أسلم الجبلي عن الحسين بن خالد قال: سألت ابا الحسن (ع) هل يحل أكل لحم الفيل؟ فقال: لا فقلت: لم؟ قال: لانه مثله وقد حرم الله تعالى لحوم الامساخ ولحوم ما مثل به في صورتها.
Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from Muhammad Bin Aslam Al Jabaly, from Al Husayn Bin Khalid who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws, ‘Is it Permissible to eat the flesh of the elephant?’ So he-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘Why?’ he-asws said: ‘Because it has been transformed, and Allah-azwj the High has Forbidden the flesh of the metamorphosed ones, and flesh of what resembles it in its image’.[218]
(باب 238 – العلة التي من أجلها يكره اكل لحم الغراب)
Chapter 238 – The reason due to which it is abhorrent to eat the flesh of the raven
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله عن محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن محمد بن يحيى الخزاز عن غياث بن ابراهيم عن جعفر بن محمد عليه السلام انه كره أكل لحم الغراب لانه فاسق.
My father narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Khazaz, from Gayas Bin Ibrahim,
(It has been narrated) from Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws that he-asws disliked eating of the flesh of the raven, because it is wicked’.[219]
(باب 239 – علل المسوخ وأصنافها)
Chapter 239 – Reason for the mutants (metamorphosed ones) and their types
حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن ابراهيم عن أبيه عن اسماعيل بن مهران عن محمد بن الحسن بن علان قال: سألت أبا الحسن عليه السلام عن المسوخ فقال اثنى عشر صنفا ولها علل، فاما الفيل فانه مسخ لانه كان ملكا زناء لوطيا ومسخ الدب لانه كان رجلا ديوثا ومسخت الارانب لانها كانت امرأة تخون زوجها ولا تغتسل من حيض ولا جنابة
My father narrated to me, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ismail Bin Mahran, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin A’alan who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about the mutants, so he-asws said: ‘There are twelve types and there are reasons for them. So, as for the elephant, so it was metamorphose because it was an adulterous king, a sodomist. And the bear was metamorphosed because it was an effeminate man (inviting other man to himself). And the rabbits have been metamorphosed because she was a woman who betrayed her husband, and did not used to wash from menstruation, nor sexual impurity.
ومسخ الوطواط لانه كان يسرق تمور الناس ومسخ سهيل لانه كان عشارا باليمين، ومسخت الزهرة لانها كانت امرأة فتن بها هاروت وماروت وأما القردة والخنازير فانهم قوم من بني اسرائيل اعتدوا في السبت،
And the bat was metamorphosed because he used to steal the date of the people. And Saheyl (a sea creature) was metamorphosed because he was collecting taxes (unlawfully) at Al-Yemen. And Al-Zohra (a sea creature) was metamorphosed because she was the one by whom Harout and Marout were bewitched by. And as for the monkey and the pigs, so they were a people from the Children of Israel who exceeded with regards to the Sabbath.
وأما الجري والضب ففرقة من بني اسرائيل حين نزلت المائدة على عيسى لم يؤمنوا به فتاهوا، فوقعت فرقة في البحر وفرقة البر، وأما العقرب فانه كان رجلا نمامه، وأما الزنبور فكان لحاما يسرق في الميزان.
And as for the common basilisk (sea lizard) and the (land) lizard so these were a sect from the Children of Israel, when the meal descended upon Isa-as, they did not believe in it, so they strayed. Thus, a sect fell into the sea, and a sect upon the land. And as for the scorpion, so it was a scandal mongering man. And as for the wasp, it was a butcher who stole with regards to the weighing’.[220]
حدثنا علي بن أحمد بن محمد رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله الكوفي قال: حدثنا محمد بن أحمد بن اسماعيل العلوي: حدثني علي بن الحسين بن علي بن أبي طالب قال: حدثنا علي بن جعفر عن أخيه موسى بن جعفر عن جعفر ابن محمد عليهم السلام قال: المسوخ ثلاثة عشر: الفيل والدب والارنب والعقرب والضب والعنكبوت والد عموص والجري والوطواط والقرد والخنزير والزهرة وسهيل، قيل يا ابن رسول الله ما كان سبب مسخ هؤلاء؟
Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Ismail Al Alawy,
(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, from Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘The mutants are thirteen – The elephant, and the bear, and the rabbit, and the scorpion, and the lizard, and the spider, and the triops australiensis (sea beetle), and the common basilisk (sea lizard), and the bat, and the monkey, and the pig, and Al-Zuhra (a sea creature), and Saheyl (a sea creature)’. It was said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! What was the cause for the metamorphosis of these?’
قال: أما الفيل فكان رجلا جبارا لوطيا لا يدع رطبا ولا يابسا، وأما الدب فكان رجلا مخنثا يدعو الرجال إلى نفسه، وأما الارانب فكانت امرأة قذرة لا تغتسل من حيض ولا جنابة، ولا غير ذلك، وأما العقرب فكان رجلا همازا لا يسلم منه أحد، وأما الضب فكان رجلا اعرابيا يسرق الحاج بمحجنه، وأما العنكبوت فكانت امرأة سحرت زوجها،
He-saww said: ‘As for the elephant, so it was a tyrannous man, gay, did not leave a wet nor a dry (went to everything); and as for the bear so it was a man who invited the men to himself; and as for the rabbits, so it was a dirty woman who did not wash from the menstruation, nor from sexual impurities, nor from other than that; and as for the scorpion, so it was a fault-finding man, no one was safe from him; and as for the lizard, so it was an Bedouin man stealing from the pilgrims by his crosier (stick); and as for the spider, so it was a woman who bewitched her husband;
وأما الدعموص فكان رجلا نماما يقطع بين الاحبة وأما الجري فكان رحلا ديوثا يجلب الرجال على حلائله، وأما الوطواط فكان رجلا سارقا يسرق الرطب من رؤس النخل وأما القردة فاليهود اعتدوا في السبت، وأما الخنازير فالنصارى حين سألوا المائدة فكانوا بعد نزولها أشد ما كانوا تكذيبا، وأما سهيل فكان رجلا عشارا باليمن، وأما الزهرة فانها كانت امرأة تسمى ناهيد وهي التي تقول الناس انه افتتن بها هاروت وماروت.
and as for the triops australiensis (sea beetle), he was a scandal mongering man cutting off (relationships) between loved ones; and as for the common basilisk (water lizard), so it was a wandering cuckold bringing men to his wife; and as for the bat, so these were men who used to steal the date from the top of the palm tree; and as for the monkey, so there were Jews who had exceeded the Sabbath; and as for the pigs, so they were Christians, who had asked for the meal (from Prophet Isa-as), so after it had descended, they were intense in their belying it; and as for Saheyl (a sea creature), so he used to collect taxes at Al-Yemen; and as for Al-Zuhra (a sea creature), so it was a woman called Naheed, and she was the one for whom the people are saying that she had Harout and Marout spellbound’.[221]
حدثنا علي بن عبد الله الوراق رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال: حدثنا عباد بن سليمان عن محمد بن سليمان الديلمي عن الرضا عليه السلام انه قال: كانت الخفاش امرأة سحرت ضرة لها فمسخها الله تعالى خفاشا، وإن الفأر كان سبطا من اليهود غضب الله عليهم فمسخهم فأرا، وان البعوض كان رجلا يستهزئ بالانبياء عليهم السلام ويشتمهم ويكلح في وجوههم ويصفق بيديه فمسخه الله تعالى بعوضا
Ali Bin Abdullah Al Waraq narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Abaad Bin Suleyman, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman Al Daylami,
(It has been narrated) from Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘The bat was a woman who enchanted her fellow wife, so Allah-azwj Metamorphosed her as a bat; and the mouse was a tribe from the Jews. Allah-azwj was Wrathful upon them, so He-azwj Metamorphosed them as mice; and the mosquito was a man who used to mock a Prophet-as from the Prophets-as and insult them and scowling in their faces and clapping his hands, so Allah-azwj the High Metamorphose him as a mosquito;
وان القملة هي من الجسد وان نبيا من انبياء بني اسرائيل كان قائما يصلي إذا أقبل إليه سفيه من سفهاء بني اسرائيل فجعل يهزأ به ويكلح في وجهه فما برح من مكانه حتى مسخه الله سبحانه وتعالى قملة، وان الوزغ كان سبطا من اسباط بني اسرائيل يسبون اولاد الانبياء ويبغضونهم، فمسخهم الله أوزاغا وأما العنقاء، فمن غضب الله تعالى عليه، فمسخه وجعله مثله فنعوذ بالله من غضب الله ونقمته.
And the louse, is from the body, and that a Prophet-as from the Prophets-as of the Children of Israel was standing, Praying, when a fool from the fools of the Children of Israel came over. So he went on to mock him-as and scowling in his face. So he did not move from his place until Allah-azwj, Glorious is He-azwj, Metamorphosed him as a louse. And the salamander (a lizard) was a tribe from the tribes of the Children of Israel who were insulting the children of the Prophets-as and begrudging them, so Allah-azwj Metamorphosed then into salamanders. And as for the phoenix, so it is from the Wrath of Allah-azwj the High upon it, so He-azwj Metamorphosed it and Made it to be an example. Therefore, we seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the Wrath of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Retribution’.[222]
حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى العطار عن محمد بن أحمد بن يحيى بن عمران الاشعري قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب عن علي بن اسباط عن علي بن جعفر عن مغيرة عن أبي عبد الله عن أبيه عن جده عليهم السلام قال: المسوخ من بني آدم ثلاثة عشر صنفا منهم القردة والخنازير و الخفاش والضب والدب والفيل والدعموص والجري والعقرب وسهيل والقنفذ والزهرة والعنكبوت،
Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Imran Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khataab, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Ali Bin Ja’far,from Mugheira,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘The metamorphosed ones from the Children of Adam-as are thirteen types – among them are the monkeys, and the pigs, and the bat and the lizard, and the bear, and the elephant, and the triops australiensis (sea beetle), and the common basilisk (water lizard), and the scorpion, and Saheyl (a sea creature), and the hedgehog, and Al-Zuhra (a sea creature), and the spider.
فاما القردة فكانوا قوما ينزلون بلدة على شاطئ البحر اعتدوا في السبت فصادوا الحيتان فمسخهم الله تعالى قردة، وأما الخنازير فكانوا قوم من بني اسرائيل دعا عليهم عيسى بن مريم (ع) فمسخهم الله تعالى خنازيرا، وأما الخشاف، فكانت امرأة مع ضرة لها فسحرتها فمسخها الله تعالى خشافا، وأما الضب فكاب اعرابيا بدويا لا يرع عن قتل من مر به من الناس فمسخه الله تعالى ضبا،
So, as for the monkey, so they used to be a people who encamped at the coast of the sea, exceeded in the Sabbath, so they fished the whales. Therefore, Allah-azwj the High Metamorphosed them as monkeys; and as for the pigs, so they used to be a people from the Children of Israel. Isa-as Bin Maryam-as supplicated against them, So Allah-azwj Metamorphosed them as pigs; and as for the bats, so it was a woman with a fellow wife of hers. So she spellbound her, therefore Allah-azwj the High Metamorphosed her as a bat; and as for the lizard, so he was an Arab Bedouin, not hesitating from killing everyone from the people who passed by, so Allah-azwj metamorphosed him as a lizard;
وأما الفيل فكان رجلا ينكح البهائم فمسخه الله تعالى فيلا وأما لدعموص فكان رجلا زاني الفرج لا يرع من شئ فمسخه الله تعالى دعموصا وأما الجري فكان رجلا نماما فمسخه الله تعالى جريا، وأما العقرب رجلا همازا لمازا فمسخه الله عقربا، وأما الدب فكان رجلا يسرق الحاج فمسخه الله تعالى دبا،
And as for the elephant, so it was a man who used to copulate with the animals, so Allah-azwj the High Metamorphosed him as an elephant; and as for the triops australiensis (sea beetle), so it was an adulterous man for the relief, not caring about anything, so Allah-azwj the High Metamorphosed him as a triops australiensis (sea beetle); and as for the common basilisk (water lizard), so it was a scandal mongering man, so Allah-azwj metamorphosed him as a common basilisk (water lizard); and as for the scorpion, it was a fault-finding man, for finding faults, so Allah-azwj Metamorphosed him as a scorpion; and as for the bear, so it was a man who used to steal from the pilgrims, so Allah-azwj Metamorphosed him as a bear;
وأما سهيل فكان رجلا عشارا صاحب مكاس فمسخه الله تعالى سهيلا، وأما الزهرة فكانت امرأة فتن بها هاروت وماروت فمسخها الله تعالى زهرة وأما العنكبوت فكانت امرأة سيئة الخلق عاصية لزوجها مولية عنه فمسخها الله تعالى عنكبوتا، وأما القنفذ فكان رجلا سيئ الخلق فمسخه الله تعالى قنذا.
and as for Saheyl (a sea creature), so it was a man who used to collect (unlawful) taxes, owner of (personal) gains, so Allahzwj the High Metamorphosed him as Saheyl (a sea creature); and as for Al-Zuhra (a sea creature), so it was a woman by whom Harout and Marout were spellbound, so Allah -azwj the High Metamorphosed has as Zuhra (a sea creature); and as for the spider, so it was a woman of evil manners, disobedient to her husband having turned her face away from him, so Allah-azwj the High Metamorphose her as a spider; and as for the hedgehog, so it was a man of evil manners, so Allah-azwj Metamorphosed him as a hedgehog’.[223]
حدثنا أبو الحسن علي بن عبد الله الاسواري قال: حدثنا مكي بن أحمد ابن سعدويه البرذعي قال: حدثنا أبو زكريا بن يحيى بن عبيد العطار بدمياط قال حدثنا القلانسى قال حدثنا عبد العزيز بن عبد الله الاويسي قال: حدثنا علي بن جعفر عن معتب مولى جعفر عن جعفر بن محمد عن أبيه عن جده عن علي بن أبي طالب عليهم السلام قال: سئل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله عن المسوخ قال: هم ثلاثة عشر. الفيل والدب والخنزير والقرد والجري والضب والوطواط والدعموص والعقرب والعنكبوت والارنب والزهرة وسهيل،
Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Abdullah Al Aswary narrated to us, from Maky Bin Ahmad Ibn Sa’dawiya Al Bazdai’e, from Abu Zakariya Bin Yahya Bin Ubeyd Al Ataar at Damiyat, from Al Qalanasy, from Abdul Aziz Bin Abdullah Al Asay, from Ali Bin Ja’far,
(It has been narrated) from Mo’tab, a slave of Ja’far-asws, from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws, from Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was asked about the mutants (Metamorphosed ones). He-saww said: ‘(These are) thirteen – the elephant, and the bear, and the pig, and the monkey, and the common basilisk (water lizard), and the (land) lizard, and the bat, and the triops australiensis (sea beetle), and the scorpion, and the spider, and the rabbit, and Al-Zuhra (a sea creature), and Saheyl (a sea creature)’.
فقيل: يا رسول الله ما كان سبب مسخهم؟ قال: أما الفيل فكان رجلا لوطيا لا يدع رطبا ولا يابسا وأما الدب فكان رجلا مخنثا يدعو الرجال إلى نفسه، وأما الخنزير فقوم نصارى سألوا ربهم تعالى ان ينزل المائدة عليهم، فلما نزلت عليهم كانوا أشد كفرا وأشد تكذيبا وأما القردة فقوم اعتدوا في السبت، وأما الجرى فكان ديوثا يدعوا الرجال إلى أهله، وأما الضب فكان اعرابيا يسرق الحاج بمحجنه،
So it was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What was the cause for their being metamorphosed?’ He-saww said: ‘As for the elephant, so it was a sodomist man, neither leave anything wet nor dry; and as for the bear, so it was an effeminate man inviting the men unto himself; and as for the pig, so it was a Christian people who had asked their Lord-azwj to Send down the meal upon them. So when it descended upon them, they were the most intense in being ungrateful and belying it; and as for the money, so it was a people who had exceeded in the Sabbath; and as for the common basilisk (water lizard), so it was a cuckold inviting men to his own wife; and as for the (land) lizard, so it was a Bedouin who used to steal from the pilgrims with his crosier;
وأما الوطواط فكان يسرق الثمار من رؤس النخل، وأما الدعموص فكان نماما يفرق بين الاحبة، وأما العقرب فكان رجلا لذاعا لا يسلم من لسانه أحد، أما العنكبوت فكانت امرأة سحرت زوجها وأما الارنب فكانت امرأة لا تطهر من حيض ولا غيره، وأما سهيل فكان عشارا باليمن،
And as for the bat, so it was a thief stealing the fruits from the top of the palm tree; and as for the triops australiensis (sea beetle), so it was a scandal mongering man causing separation between loved ones; and as for the scorpion, so it was a fault finding man, no one was safe from his tongue; as for the spider, so it was a woman who bewitched her husband; and as for the rabbit, so it was a woman who did not clean herself from menstruation, nor from anything else; and as for Saheyl, so he was a tax collector at Al-Yemen;
وأما الزهرة فكانت امرأة نصرانية وكانت لبعض ملوك بني اسرائيل وهي التي فتن بها هاروت وماروت وكان اسمها ناهيل والناس يقولون ناهيد.
And as for Al-Zuhra, so it was a Christian woman, and she was for one of the kings of the Chidren of Israel, and she was the one by which Harout and Marout were spellbound by, and her name was Naheel, and the people are calling her Naheed’.
قال محمد بن علي بن الحسين مصنف هذا الكتاب: ان الناس يغلطون في الزهرة وسهيل، ويقولون انهما كوكبان، وليسا كما يقولون ولكنهما دابتان من دواب البحر سميتا بكوكبين، كما سمي الحمل والثور والسرطان والاسد والعقرب والحوت والجدي، وهذه حيوانات سميت على اسماء الكواكب، وكذلك الزهرة وسهيل وانما غلط الناس فيهما دون غيرهما لتعذر مشاهدتهما والنظر اليهما لانهما من البحر المطيف بالدنيا بحيث لا تبلغه سفينة ولا تعمل فيه حيلة،
Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al-Husayn the author of this book says, ‘The people are making the error with regards to Al-Zuhra and Saheyl, and they are saying that both of these are stars, and it is not as they are saying it to be. But, these two are two animals from the animals of the sea, named with the two stars, just as Al-Hamal (Aries – the ram), and Al-Sowr (Taurus – the bull), and Al-Sirtaan (Cancer), and Al-Asad (Leo – the lion) , and Al-Aqrab (Scorpio – scorpion), and Al-Hout (pisces – fish), and A- Jadiy (Capricorn – goat) have been named; and these are animals who have been named upon the names of the stars; and similar to that is Al-Zuhra, and Saheyl. But rather the people are wrong with regards to these two besides the others due to the excuse of not being able to witness these from and looking at them, because these two are from the sea, shaded from the world, with where neither a ship has reached, nor has a stratagem being worked upon them.
وما كان الله تعالى ليمسخ العصاة أنوارا مضيئة فيبقيهما ما بقيت الارض والسماء، والمسوخ لم تبق اكثر من ثلاثة أيام حتى ماتت، وهذه الحيوانات التي تسمى المسوخ فالمسوخية لها اسم مستعار مجازي، بل هي المسوخ الذي حرم الله تعالى ذكره أكل لحومها. لما فيه من المضار.
And it was not for Allah-azwj the High that He-azwj would Metamorphose the disobedience as rays of light illuminating, so that they would be remaining for as long was the earth and the sky remain, and the mutants did not remain more than three days until they died. And these are animals which are named as the mutants. Thus the mutants have for them a name which is a pseudonym, figurative. But these are the mutants which Allah-azwj, Elevated is His-azwj Mention, has Forbidden for its flesh to be eaten, due to what is therein from the harm’.
وقال أبو جعفر الباقر عليه السلام: نهي الله تعالى عن أكله المثلة لكيلا ينتفع بها ولا يستخف بعقوبته.
And Abu Ja’far Al-Baqir-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the High has Forbidden from eating the resemblances (of the mutants) lest it be underestimated by, and His-azwj Punishment be belittled’.[224]
(باب 240 – العلة التي من أجلها قد يرتكب المؤمن المحارم) (ويعمل الكافر الحسنات)
Chapter 240 – The reason due to which the Believer indulges in Prohibitions and the disbeliever does the good deeds
حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رضي الله عنه، قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين السعد آبادي عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله عن أبيه قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن محمد الهمداني عن اسحاق القمي قال: دخلت على أبي جعفر الباقر عليه السلام فقلت له: جعلت فداك اخبرني عن المؤمن بزنى، قال: لا، قلت: فيلوط، قال: لا، قلت: فيشرب المسكر، قال: لا، قلت: فيذنب، قال: نعم، قلت: جعلت فداك لا يزنى ولا يلوط ولا يرتكب السيئات، فأي شئ ذنبه؟ فقال: يا اسحاق قال الله تبارك وتعالى (الذين يجتنبون كبائر الاثم والفواحش إلا اللمم) وقد يلم المؤمن بالشئ الذي ليس فيه مراد،
Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Hamdany, from Is’haq Al Qummy who said,
‘I came over to Abu Ja’far Al-Baqir-asws, so I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you! Inform me about the Believer, (does he indulge) in adultery?’. He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘So does he (commit) sodomy?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘So does he drink the wine?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘So does he sin?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! He does not commit adultery, nor sodomy, nor does he indulges in the evil, so which this in his sin?’ So he-asws said: ‘O Is’haq! Allah-azwj Blessed and High Says [53:32] Those who keep aloof from the great sins and the immoralities except for the ‘Lamam’.[225] And the Believer commits something in which he had no intention with regards to it’.
قلت: جعلت فداك أخبرني عن الناصب لكم يطهر بشئ أبدا، قال: لا، قلت جعلت فداك قد أرى المؤمن الموحد الذي يقول بقولي ويدين بولايتكم وليس بيني وبينه خلاف، يشرب المسكر ويزني ويلوط وآتيه في حاجة واحدة فاصيبه معبس الوجه كالح اللوان ثقيلا في حاجتي بطيئا فيها،
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you! Inform me about the hostile one (Nasibi) to you-asws. Can he be purified with anything, ever?’ He-asws said : ‘No’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! I have seen the Believer, (professing in) Oneness (of Allah-azwj), who says with what I am saying (same belief), and makes it a Religion with your-asws Wilayah, and there is no difference between me and him, (yet) he drinks the wine, and commits adultery, and sodomy, and I come to him with regards to one need, so I find him with a frown upon his face, grim, (changed) attitude, sluggish with regards to my need, slow regarding it.
وقد أرى الناصب المخالف لما آتي عليه ويعرفني بذلك فآتيه في حاجة فاصيبه طلق الوجه حسن البشر متسرعا في حاجتى فرحا بها يجب قضاءها، كثير الصلاة، كثير الصوم كثير الصدقة يؤدي الزكاة ويستودع فيؤدي الامانة، قال: يا اسحاق ليس تدرون من أين اوتيتم؟ قلت: لا والله جعلت فداك إلا أن تخبرني،
And I have seen the Hostile one (Nasibi), the adversary, when I come to him and he recognises me by that (as being a Shias). So I come to him regarding a need, and I find him with a loose face of a good human being, quick with regards to my need, happy with it to answer its fulfilment, frequent in the Prayers, frequent in the Fasting, frequent in the charity, paying the Zakat, and if entrusted with, so he fulfils the entrustment’. He-asws said: ‘O Is’haq! Are you not knowing from where you have been given (all this)?’ I said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, except if you-asws were to inform me’.
فقال: اسحاق ان الله تعالى لما كان متفردا بالوحدانية ابتدأ الاشياء لا من شئ، فاجرى الماء العذب على ارض طيبة طاهرة سبعة ايام بلياليها، ثم نضب الماء عنها فقبض قبضة من صفوة ذلك الطين، وهي طينة أهل البيت، ثم قبض قبضة من أسفل ذلك الطين وهي طينة شيعتنا، ثم أصطفانا لنفسه، فلو ان طينة شيعتنا تركت كما تركت طينتنا لما زنى أحد منهم ولا سرق ولا لاط ولا شرب المسكر ولا اكتسب شيئا مما ذكرت،
So he-asws said: ‘Is’haq! When Allah-azwj Blessed and High was Singular in His-azwj Oneness, Began the (Creation of) things, not from a thing. So He-azwj Caused the sweet water to flow upon the good land, pure, for seven days and night. Then the water depleted from it, so He-azwj Grabbed a Handful from the elite of that clay, and it is the clay of the People-asws of the Household. Then He-azwj Grabbed a Handful of the clay from below that, and it is the clay of our-asws Shias. Then He-azwj Chose us-asws for Himself-azwj. So, had the clay of our Shias been left just as our-asws clay was left, not one of them would have committed adultery, nor theft, nor sodomy, nor drink the wine, no acquired anything from what you have mentioned.
ولكن الله تعالى أجرى الماء المالح على ارض ملعونة سبعة ايام ولياليها، ثم نضب الماء عنها، ثم قبض قبضة وهي طينة ملعونة من حمأ مسنون، وهي طينة خبال وهي طينة أعدائنا، فلو ان الله عزوجل ترك طينتهم كما أخذها لم تروهم في خلق الآدميين، ولم يقروا بالشهادتين ولم يصوموا ولم يصلوا ولم يزكوا ولم يحجوا البيت ولم تروا أحد منهم بحسن خلق، ولكن الله تبارك وتعالى جميع الطينتين طينتكم وطينتهم فخلطها وعركها عرك الاديم ومزجها بالمائين،
But, Allah-azwj the High Caused the salty water upon an accursed land for seven days and nights. Then the water depleted from it. Then He-azwj Grabbed a Handful, and it is the accursed clay from [15:26] black mud Fashioned into shape, and it is the clay of insanity, and it is the clay of our-asws enemies. So, if Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Had Left their clay just as He-azwj had Taken it, you would not have seen them with humanistic morals, and they would not have reciting the two testimonies, and would not be Fasting, and would not be Praying, and would not be giving Zakat, and would not be performing Hajj of the House (Kabah),and would not have seen anyone from them with good manners. But, Allah-azwj Blessed and High Gathered the two clays, your clay and their clay, so He-azwj Mixed the two and Scrubbed these with a Scrubbing of the crust, and Blended it with the two waters.
فما رأيت من أخيك المؤمن من شر لفظ أو زنا أو شئ مما ذكرت من شرب مسكر أو غيره، فليس من جوهريته، ولا من ايمانه، إنما هو بمسحة الناصب اجترح هذه السيئات التي ذكرت، وما رأيت من الناصب من حسن وجه وحسن خلق، أو صوم، أو صلاة أو حج بيت أو صدقة، أو معروف، فليس من جوهريته، انما تلك الافاعيل من مسحة الايمان، اكتسبها وهو اكتساب مسحة الايمان.
So what you see from your brother Believer, from the evil word, or adultery, or something from what you have mentioned, from drinking of wine, or other, so it is not from his essence, nor is it from his faith. But rather, it is by the touch of the Hostile one (Nasibi) that he does these evil (things) which you mentioned. And what you see from the Hostile one (Nasibi), from the beauty of his face, and goodness of his manners, or Fasting, or Prayer, or Hajj of the House (Kabah), or charity, or enjoining of the good, so it is not from his essence. But rather, these actions are from the touch of the faith, acquired, and it is the achievement of the touching of the faith’.
قلت: جعلت فداك فإذا كان يوم القيامة فمه؟ قال لي: يا اسحاق أيجمع الله الخير والشر في موضع واحد؟ إذا كان يوم القيامة نزع الله تعالى مسحة الايمان منهم فردها إلى شيعتنا ونزع مسحة الناصب بجميع ما اكتسبوا من السيئات فردها إلى أعدائنا وعاد كل شئ إلى عنصره الاول الذي منه ابتدأ،
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you! So when it will be the Day of Judgement, so (then what)?’ He-asws said to me: ‘O Is’haq! Does Allah-azwj Gather the good and the evil in one place? When it will be the Day of Judgement, Allah-azwj the High would the touch of the faith from them, so He-azwj would Return it to our-asws Shias, and Remove the touch of the Hostile one (Nasibi) with the entirety of what had been acquired from the evil deeds, So He-azwj would Return these to our-asws enemies, and thus everything would return back to its first element from which it began.
أما رأيت الشمس إذا هي بدت، ألا ترى لها شعاعا زاجرا متصلا بها أو باينا منها، قلت: جعلت فداك الشمس إذا هي غربت بدأ إليها الشعاع كما بدأ منها ولو كان باينا منها لما بدأ إليها، قال: نعم يا اسحاق كل شئ يعود إلى جوهره الذي منه بدأ،
But, have you seen the sun when it begins (rises)? Do you see its rays being connected to it or separating from it?’ I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! The sun, when it sets, the rays originating from it just as they had originated from it before. And had they separated from it, they would not be arriving to it’. He-asws said: ‘Yes, O Is’haq! Everything returns to its essence which it began from’.
قلت جعلت فداك تؤخذ حسناتهم فترد الينا وتؤخذ سيئاتنا فترد إليهم؟ قال: أي والله الذي لا إله إلا هو. قلت: جعلت فداك أجدها في كتاب الله تعالى؟ قال: نعم يا اسحاق، قلت أي مكان؟ قال لي: يا اسحاق أما تتلو هذه الآية (اولئك يبدل الله سيئاتهم حسنات وكان الله غفورا رحيما) فلم يبدل الله سيئاتهم حسنات إلا لكم والله يبدل لكم.
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Their good deeds would be taken, so they would be returned to us, and our evil deeds would be taken, so they would be returned to them?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj, the One besides Whom there is not god but Him-azwj’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Can it be found in the Book of Allah-azwj the High?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, O Is’haq’. I said, ‘In which place?’ He-asws said to me: ‘O Is’haq! Have you not recited this Verse [25:70] so these are they for whom Allah would Exchange their evil deeds to good ones; and Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful. So, Allah-azwj will not Exchange their evil deeds to good ones except for you (Shias). By Allah-azwj! He-azwj will Exchange them!’[226]
(باب 241 – علة الطيب وسببه)
Chapter 241 – Reason for the perfume and its cause
حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن علي بن حسان الواسطي عن بعض أصحابه عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: أهبط آدم من الجنة على الصفا، وحواء على المروة وقد كانت امتشطت في الجنة، فلما صارت في الارض قالت: ما أرجو من المشط وأنا مسخوط علي، فحلت مشطتها فانتشر من مشطتها العطر الذي كانت امتشطت به في الجنة، فطارت به الريح فالقت أثره في الهند فلذلك صار العطر بالهند.
Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ali Bin Hasaan Al Wasity, from one of his companions,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Adam-as descended from the Paradise upon Al-Safa, and Hawwa-as upon Al-Marwa, and she-as used to comb her-as hair in the Paradise. So when she-as came to be in the earth, she-as said: ‘I-as have no hope from the combing, and I-as am Angered upon (by Allah-azwj). So she-as freed her-as pleats, so the fragrance spread from her-as hair which she-as used to comb with in the Paradise. So the wind became aromatic by it, and its effects were cast in India. Thus, it is due to that the perfume came to be in India’.
وفي حديث آخر انها حلت عقيصتها فارسل الله تعالى على ما كان فيها من ذلك الطيب ريحا فهبت به في المشرق والمغرب.
And in another Hadeeth: ‘She-as freed her-as hair, so Allah-azwj the High Sent a wind upon what was in it from that perfume, so it descended with it in the east and the west’.[227]
(باب 242 – العلة التي من أجلها أبي الله عزوجل لصاحب) (الخلق السيئ بالتوبة)
Chapter 242 – The reason due to which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Refuses (to Accept) the repentance of the one with evil manners
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا محمد بن يحيى عن محمد بن أحمد بن محمد عن أبيه عن يونس بن عبد الرحمن عمن ذكره عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال أبى الله تعالى لصاحب الخلق السيئ بالتوبة، قيل: وكيف ذاك؟ قال: لانه لا يخرج من ذنب حتى يقع فيها هو اعظم منه.
My father said, ‘Muhammad Bin Yahya narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from the one who mentioned,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj the high Refuses (to Accept) the repentance of the one with evil manners’. It was said, ‘And how is that?’ He-asws said: ‘Because he does not come out from a sin until he falls into it (another one) which is greater than it (the first one)’.[228]
(باب 243 – العلة التي من أجلها لا يقبل توبة صاحب البدعة)
Chapter 243 – The reason due to which the repentance of the innovator is not Accepted
حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسرور رحمه الله قال: حدثنا الحسين بن محمد ابن عامر عن معلى بن محمد عن محمد بن جمهور العمي باسناده رفعه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: أبي الله لصاحب البدعة بالتوبة، قيل: يا رسول الله وكيف ذاك؟ قال: انه قد اشرب قلبه حبها.
Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masroor narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Ibn Aamir, from Moala Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Jamhour Al Amaa, by his chain, raising it, said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Refuses (to Accept) the repentance of the innovator’. It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! How is that?’ He-saww said: ‘His heart has drunk its love’.[229]
أبي رحمه الله قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله قال أيوب بن نوح قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عمير عن هشام بن الحكم عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: كان رجل في الزمن الاول طلب الدنيا من حلال فلم يقدر عليها وطلبها من حرام فلم يقدر عليها فاتاه الشيطان فقال له: يا هذا إنك قد طلبت الدنيا من حلال فلم تقدر عليها وطلبتها من حرام فلم تقدر عليها، أفلا أدلك على شئ تكثر به دنياك ويكثر به تبعك، قال: بلى، قال: تبتدع دينا وتدعو إليه الناس
My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ayoub Bin Noah, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There was a man in the former times who sought the world from Permissible means, but was not able to, and he sought from Prohibited means, but he was not able to. So Satan-la came to him, and said to him, ‘O this! You have sought the world from Permissible means, but did not have the ability over it, and you sought is from Prohibited means, but did not have the ability over it. Shall I-la point you to something by which your world would be abundant, and by which there will be numerous who follow you?’ He said, ‘Yes’. He-la said, ‘You should begin a religion, and invite the people towards it’.
ففعل فاستجاب له الناس فاطاعوه وأصاب من الدنيا ثم انه فكر فقال: ما صنعت ابتدعت دينا ودعوت الناس ما أرى لي توبة إلا آتى من دعوته إليه فارده عنه فجعل يأتي اصحابه الذين اجابوه فيقول ان الذي دعوتكم إليه باطل وانما ابتدعته، فجعلوا يقولون كذبت وهو الحق ولكنك شككت في دينك فرجعت عنه فلما رأي ذلك عمد إلى سلسلة فوتد لها ئوتدا، ثم جعلها في عنقه وقال: لا احلها حتى يتوب الله تعالى علي، فأوحى الله تعالى إلى نبى من الانبياء قل لفلان وعزتي لو دعوتني حتى تنقطع اوصالك ما أستجبت لك حتى ترد من مات إلى ما دعوته إليه فيرجع عنه.
So he did it. The people responded to him. So they obeyed him, and he attained the world. Then he (himself) rejected it, so he said, ‘What I did, I innovated a Religion and invited the people. I do not see repentance for myself except that I should go to the ones I invited towards it, so I return them from it’. So he went to his companions who had responded to him and he said, ‘That which I invited you all to is false. But rather, I innovated it’. So they went on to say, ‘You are lying, and it is the truth. But, you are (now) doubting in your religion, therefore return from it’. So when he saw that, he tied himself to the chain and pegged himself with the pegs. Then he made it to be in his neck and said, ‘I shall not free it until Allah-azwj Turns towards me (with Forgiveness)’. So Allah-azwj the High Revealed unto a Prophet-as from the Prophets-as: “Say to so and so: “By My-azwj Honour, even if he were to supplicate to Me-azwj until your joints break down, I-azwj will not Answer to you until you return the ones who died upon what you have invited them to, so they may return back from it’.[230]
(باب 244 – العلة التي من أجلها صار الخطاف لا يمشى على) (الارض وسكن البيوت)
Chapter 244 – The reason due to which a swallow does not walk upon the ground and dwells in the houses
حدثنا أبو الحسن محمد بن عمرو بن علي بن عبد الله البصري قال حدثنا أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله بن أحمد بن جبلة الواعظ، قال: حدثنا أبو القاسم عبد الله بن أحمد بن عامر الطائي قال: حدثنا أبي قال: حدثنا علي بن موسى الرضا عن أبيه موسى بن جعفر عن أبيه جعفر بن محمد عن أبيه محمد بن علي عن أبيه علي ابن الحسين عن أبيه الحسين بن علي عن أبيه علي بن أبي طالب عليه السلام: ان رجلا من أهل الشام سأله عن مسائل فكان فيما سأله ان قال: ما بال الخطاف لا يمشى
Abu Al Hassan Muhammad Bin Amro Bin Ali Bin Abdullah Al Basry narrated to us, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Jabala Al Waiz, from Abu Al Qasim Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Aamir Al Ta’ai, from his father,
(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws father-asws Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws Muhammad Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws Ali Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his-asws father-asws Al-Husayn Bin Ali-asws, form his-asws father-asws Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws that: ‘A man from the people of Syria asked him-asws certain question, and in what he asked him-asws was that he said, ‘What is the matter that the swallow does not walk?’
قال لانه ناح على بيت القدس فطاف حوله اربعين عاما يبكى عليه ولم يزل يبكى مع آدم عليه السلام فمن هناك سكن البيوت ومعه تسع آيات من كتاب الله عزوجل مما كان آدم يقرأه في الجنة وهي معه إلى يوم القيامة ثلاث آيات من أول الكهف، وثلاث آيات من سبحان، وإذا قرأت القرآن، وثلاث آيات من يس (وجعلنا من بين أيديهم سدا ومن خلفهم سدا).
He-asws said :’Because it lamented upon the Holy House (بيت القدس), so it circumambulated around it for forty years, wailing over it, and it did not cease to wail along with Adam-as. So from there, it dwells in the houses, and with it are Verse from the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic from what Adam-as had recited in the Paradise, and these would be with him -as up to the Day of Judgement – three Verses from the beginning of (Surah) Al-Kahf, and three Verses from Praise [17:45] And when you recite the Quran, and three Verses from (Surah) Yaseen [36:9] And We have made in front of them a barrier and a barrier behind them’.[231]
(باب 245 – العلة التي من أجلها صار الثور غاضا طرفه) (لا يرفع رأسه إلى السماء)
Chapter 245 – The reason due to which then ox came to be lowering the gaze, not raising its head towards the sky
حدثنا أبو الحسن محمد بن عمرو بن علي بن عبد الله البصري قال حدثنا أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله بن أحمد بن جبلة الواعظ، قال: حدثنا أبو القاسم عبد الله بن أحمد بن عامر الطائي قال: حدثنا أبي قال حدثنا علي بن موسى الرضا عليه السلام عن أبيه عن آبائه عن علي بن أبي طالب عليهم السلام انه سأله رجل من أهل الشام عن مسائل فكان فيما سأله عن الثور ما باله غاض طرفه لا يرفع رأسه إلى السماء؟ قال: حياء من الله عزوجل لما عبد قوم موسى العجل نكس رأسه.
Abu Al Hassan Muhammad Bin Amro Bin Ali Bin Abdullah Al Basry narrated to us, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Jabala Al Waiz, from Abu Al Qasim Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Aamir Al Ta’ai, from his father,
(It has been narrated) from Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws. He-asws was asked certain question by a man from the people of Syria. So among what he asked him-asws was about the ox, ‘What is the matter that it lowers its gaze, not raising its head towards the sky?’ He-asws said: ‘Out of shame from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, when the people of Musa-as worshipped the calf, it hanged its head (in shame)’.[232]
حدثنا أبو الحسن محمد بن عمرو بن علي بن عبد الله البصري قال: حدثنا أبو إسحاق ابراهيم بن حماد بن عمر النهاوندي بنهاوند قال حدثنا أبو بكر أحمد بن محمد بن المستثنى بن أبي الخصيب بالمصيصة بالليل، قال: حدثنا موسى بن الحسن بمدينة الرسول صلى الله عليه وآله قال: حدثنا ابراهيم بن شريح الكندي قال: حدثنا ابن وهب عن يحيى بن ايوب عن جميل بن أنس قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله اكرموا البقر فانها سيد البهائم ما رفعت طرفها إلى السماء حياء من الله عزوجل منذ عبد العجل.
Abu Al Hassan Muhammad Bin Amro Bin Ali Bin Abdullah Al Basry narrated to us, from Abu Is’haq Ibrahim Bin Hamaad Bin Umar Al Nahawandy, at Nahawand, from Abu Bakr Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Mustasna Bin Abu Al Khazeyb at Al Masaya at night, from Musa Bin Al Hassan at Medina of the Rasool-saww, from Ibrahim Bin Shareeh Al Kindy, from Ibn Wahab, from Yahya Bin Ayoub, from Jameel Bin Anas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Honour the cow for it is the chief of the animals. It does not raise its head towards the sky out of shame from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic since the calf was worshipped’.[233]
(باب 246 – العلة التي من أجلها صارت الماعز مفرقعة الذنب) (بادية الحياء والعورة وصارت النعجة مستورة الحياء والعورة)
Chapter 246 – The reason due to which the goats came to be raising its tail exposing its embarrassment and the genitals, and the sheep came to be veiling the embarrassment and the genitals
حدثنا أبو الحسن محمد بن عمرو بن علي بن عبد الله البصري قال: حدثنا أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله بن أحمد بن جبلة الواعظ قال: حدثنا أبو القاسم عبد الله بن أحمد بن عامر الطائي قال: حدثنا أبي قال حدثنا علي بن موسى الرضا عن أبيه عن آبائه عن علي بن أبي طالب عليه السلام انه سئل ما بال الماعز مفرقعة الذنب بادية الحياء والعورة؟ فقال: لان الماعز عصت نوحا عليه السلام لما أدخلها السفينة فدفعها فكسر ذنبها، والنعجة مستورة الحياء والعورة لان النعجة بادرت بالدخول إلى السفينة، فمسح نوح عليه السلام يده على حيائها وذنبها فاستوت الالية.
Abu Al Hassan Muhammad Bin Amro Bin Ali Bin Abdullah Al Basry, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Jabala Al Waiz, from Abu Al Qasim Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Aamir Al Ta’ai, from his father,
(It has been narrated) from Ali Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having been asked, ‘What is the matter the goat raising its tail, exposing its embarrassment and the genitals?’ So he-asws said: ‘Because the goat disobeyed Noah-as when he-as made it to enter into the ship, so he-as shoved it, so its tail broke. And the sheep is veils the embarrassment and the genitals, because the sheep took the initiative with the entering into the ship, so Noah-as wiped his-as hand upon its embarrassment and its tail, so it came to rest on top of it’.[234]
(باب 247 – علة الكى على أيدي الدواب ونتاج البغل)
Chapter 247 – Reason for the marking upon the hands of the animal, and the result of the mule
حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا عن بن الحسين السعد آبادي عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله البرقي عن أبيه عن محمد بن يحيى عن حماد بن عثمان قال: قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام إنا نرى الدواب في بطون أيديها الرقعتين مثل الكي، فمن أي شئ ذلك، فقال: ذلك موضع منخريه في بطن أمه وابن آدم منتصب في بطن أمه، وذلك قول الله تعالى (لقد خلقنا الانسان في كبد) وما سوى ابن آدم فرأسه في دبره ويداه بين يديه.
Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ibn Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Hamaad Bin Usman who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘We see the animal, in the middle of its hands are two patches like the marking. So from this is that?’ So he-asws said: ‘That is the place of its nostril in the womb of its mother, and the son of Adam-as is upright in the womb of its mother, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj the High [90:4] Certainly We have created man to be in distress, and it is only the son of Adam-as whose head is towards the backside (of its mother) and his hands are in front of him’.[235]
وبهذا الاسناد عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله البرقي عن أبيه عن يونس بن عبد الرحمن عن عبد الله بن مسكان عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: ان الشئ إذا اختلف لم يلقح قلت فان الناس يزعمون ان الطير الراعبي أحد أبويه ورشان، وقد نراه يبيض ويفرخ قال: كذبوا انه قد يلقى الورشان على الطير، فيتزاوج ويبيض ويفرخ ولا يفرخ نسله أبدا.
And by this chain, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from his father, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Abdullah Bin Muskan,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The thing which is different, does not impregnate’. I said, ‘But the people are alleging that the Al-Ra’ib bird, one of its parents is a wood pigeon, and we have see it lay eggs and chicks’. He-asws said: ‘They are lying! The wood pigeon falls upon the bird, so it copulates, and (the bird) lays eggs and chicks, but its offspring does not reproduce, ever’.[236]
(باب 249 – العلة التي من أجلها خلق الله تعالى الذباب)
Chapter 249 – The reason due to which Allah-azwj Created the flies
حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضي الله عنه عن عمه محمد بن أبي القاسم عن أحمد بن أبي عبد الله البرقي عن أبيه عمن ذكره عن الربيع صاحب المنصور قال قال المنصور يوما لابي عبد الله عليه السلام وقد وقع على المنصور ذباب فذبه عنه ثم وقع عليه فذبه عنه، ثم وقع عليه فذبه عنه، فقال: يا أبا عبد الله لاي شئ خلق الله تعالى الذباب؟ قال: ليذل به الجبارين.
Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from his father, from the one who mentioned it, from Al Rabie a companions of Al Mansour, said,
‘One day, Al-Mansour (the Caliph) said to Abu Abdullah-asws, and a fly had fallen upon Al-Mansour, so he drove it away from himself. Then it fell upon him again, so he drove it away from himself. Then it fell upon him again, so he drove it away from himself. So he said, ‘O Abu Abdullah-asws! For which thing did Allah-azwj the High Create the flie?’ He-asws said: ‘In order to humiliate the tyrants by it’.[237]
حدثنا الحسين بن أحمد بن ادريس رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا أبي عن محمد بن أبي الصهبان عن ابن أبي عمير عن هشام بن سالم عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام قال: لو لا ما يقع من الذباب على طعام الناس ما وجد فيهم إلا مجذوما.
Al Husayn Bin Ahmad Bin Idrees narrated to us, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Sahban, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Saalim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘If the flies had not fallen upon the food of the people, you would not have found among them any except for the leprous’.[238]
(باب 250 – علة خلق الكلب)
Chapter 250 – Reason for the Creation of the dog
حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن محمد بن عيسى العلوي الحسيني رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن ابراهيم بن اسباط قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن زياد القطان قال: حدثنا أبو الطيب أحمد بن محمد بن عبد الله قال حدثني عيسى بن جعفر العلوي العمري عن آبائه عن عمر بن علي عن أبيه علي بن أبي طالب عليه السلام: ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله سئل مما خلق الله تعالى الكلب، قال: خلقه من بزاق ابليس، قيل: وكيف ذاك يا رسول الله؟
Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa Al Alawy Al Husayni narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Asbaat, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Ziyad Al Qatan, from Abu Al Tayyab Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from Isa Bin Ja’far Al Alawy Al Umary, from his forefathers,
(It has been narrated) from a son of Ali-asws, from his father Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww was asked from what did Allah-azwj the High Created the dog. He-saww said: ‘From saliva of Iblees-la’. It was said, ‘And how was that, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’
قال: لما أهبط الله تعالى آدم وحواء إلى الارض أهبطهما كالفرخين المرتعشين، فعدا ابليس الملعون إلى السباع وكانوا قبل آدم في الارض فقال لهم: ان طيرين قد وقعا من السماء لم ير الراؤن اعظم منهما، تعالوا فكلوهما فتعادت السباع معه وجعل ابليس يحثهم ويصيح ويعدهم بقرب المسافة فوقع من فيه من عجلة كلامه بزاق فخلق الله تعالى من ذلك البزاق كلبين أحدهما ذكر والآخر انثى فقاما حول آدم وحواء، الكلبة بجدة، والكلب بالهند فلم يتركوا السباع ان يقربوهما، ومن ذلك اليوم الكلب عدو السبع، والسبع عدو الكلب.
He-saww said: ‘When Allah-azwj the High Caused Adam-as and Hawwa-as to descend to the earth, they descended like two quivering chicks. So Iblees-la the Accursed sprinted to the predatory animals, and he-la was in the earth before Adam-as. So he-la said to them, ‘Two birds have fallen from the sky, such as the seeing ones have never seen greater than these two. Come, and eat these two’. So the predatory animals returned along with him-la, and Iblees-la went on urging them and yelling from a nearby distance. So there occurred spittle in his-la mouth, due to the hastiness of his-la speech. So Allah-azwj the High Created two dogs from that spittle – one of the two being male and the other one female. So these two stood around Adam-as and Hawwa-as – the female dog at Jeddah, and the male dog at India. So they did not leave the predatory animals to come near the two of them-as. And from that day onwards, the dog is the enemy of the predatory animals, and the predatory animals are the enemy of the dog’.[239]
[1] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 141 H 1
[2] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 142 H 1
[3] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 142 H 2
[4] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 142 H 3
[5] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 142 H 4
[6] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 142 H 5
[7] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 142 H 6
[8] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 142 H 7
[9] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 142 H 8
[10] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 143 H 1
[11] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 143 H 2
[12] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 144 H 1
[13] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 145 H 1
[14] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 147 H 1
[15] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 147 H 2
[16] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 147 H 3
[17] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 147 H 4
[18] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 147 H 5
[19] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 147 H 6
[20] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 148 H 1
[21] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 149 H 1
[22] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 151 H 1
[23] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 152 H 1
[24] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 152 H 2
[25] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 153 H 1 (Extract)
[26] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 153 H 2
[27] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 153 H 3
[28] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 154 H 1
[29] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 155 H 1
[30] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 156 H 1
[31] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 156 H 2
[32] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 156 H 3
[33] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 151 H 1
[34] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 151 H 2
[35] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 151 H 3
[36] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 151 H 4
[37] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 151 H 5
[38] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 151 H 6
[39] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 151 H 7
[40] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 158 H 1
[41] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 158 H 2
[42] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 158 H 3
[43] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 159 H 1
[44] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 159 H 2
[45] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 159 H 3
[46] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 159 H 4
[47] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 160 H 1
[48] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 161 H 1
[49] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 161 H 2
[50] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 161 H 3
[51] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 161 H 4
[52] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 161 H 5
[53] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 161 H 6
[54] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 161 H 7
[55] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 161 H 8
[56] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 161 H 9
[57] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 162 H 1
[58] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 162 H 2
[59] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 163 H 1
[60] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 163 H 2
[61] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 163 H 3
[62] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 164 H 1
[63] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 165 H 1
[64] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 166 H 1
[65] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 168 H 1
[66] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 168 H 2
[67] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 169 H 1
[68] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 169 H 2
[69] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 169 H 3
[70] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 170 H 1
[71] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 170 H 2
[72] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 170 H 3
[73] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 171 H 1
[74] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 172 H 1
[75] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 172 H 2
[76] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 173 H 1
[77] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 174 H 1
[78] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 175 H 1
[79] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 175 H 2
[80] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 176 H 1
[81] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 177 H 1
[82] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 177 H 2
[83] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 178 H 1
[84] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 178 H 2
[85] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 178 H 3
[86] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 179 H 1
[87] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 180 H 1
[88] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 181 H 1
[89] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 181 H 2
[90] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 181 H 3
[91] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 182 H 1
[92] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 183 H 1
[93] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 183 H 2
[94] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 184 H 1a
[95] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 184 H 1b
[96] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 185 H 1
[97] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 186 H 1
[98] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 188 H 1
[99] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 189 H 1
[100] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 189 H 2
[101] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 190 H 1
[102] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 191 H 1
[103] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 192 H 1
[104] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 193 H 1
[105] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 194 H 1
[106] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 195 H 1
[107] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 195 H 3
[108] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 195 H 3
[109] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 196 H 1
[110] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 196 H 2
[111] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 196 H 3
[112] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 196 H 4
[113] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 197 H 1
[114] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 198 H 1
[115] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 198 H 2
[116] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 198 H 3
[117] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 198 H 4
[118] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 198 H 5
[119] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 198 H 6
[120] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 199 H 1
[121] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 200 H 1
[122] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 201 H 1
[123] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 204 H 1
[124] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 204 H 1a
[125] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 205 H 1
[126] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 206 H 1
[127] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 207 H 1
[128] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 208 H 1
[129] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 209 H 1
[130] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 1
[131] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 2
[132] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 3
[133] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 4
[134] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 5
[135] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 6
[136] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 7
[137] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 8
[138] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 9
[139] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 10
[140] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 11
[141] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 12
[142] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 13
[143] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 210 H 14
[144] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 211 H 1
[145] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 212 H 1
[146] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 213 H 1
[147] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 213 H 2
[148] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 214 H 1
[149] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 215 H 1
[150] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 215 H 2
[151] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 216 H 1
[152] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 217 H 1
[153] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 218 H 1
[154] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 220 H 1
[155] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 221 H 1
[156] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 221 H 2
[157] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 221 H 3
[158] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 221 H 4
[159] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 221 H 5
[160] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 221 H 6
[161] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 221 H 7
[162] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 1
[163] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 2
[164] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 3
[165] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 4
[166] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 5
[167] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 6
[168] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 7
[169] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 8
[170] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 9
[171] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 10
[172] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 11
[173] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 12
[174] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 13
[175] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 14
[176] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 15
[177] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 16
[178] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 17
[179] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 18
[180] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 21
[181] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 22
[182] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 29
[183] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 30
[184] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 31
[185] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 32
[186] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 33 (Extract)
[187] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 CH 222 H 35
[188] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 223 H 1
[189] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 223 H 2
[190] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 223 H 3
[191] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 224 H 1
[192] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 224 H 2
[193] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 224 H 3
[194] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 225 H 1
[195] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 226 H 1
[196] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 226 H 2
[197] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 227 H 1
[198] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 228 H 1
[199] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 228 H 2
[200] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 229 H 1
[201] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 229 H 2
[202] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 230 H 1
[203] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 230 H 2
[204] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 231 H 1
[205] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 231 H 2
[206] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 232 H 1
[207] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 233 H 1
[208] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 234 H 1
[209] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 235 H 1
[210] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 236 H 1
[211] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 236 H 2
[212] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 236 H 3
[213] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 236 H 4
[214] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 237 H 1
[215] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 237 H 2
[216] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 237 H 3
[217] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 237 H 4
[218] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 237 H 5
[219] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 238 H 1
[220] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 239 H 1
[221] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 239 H 2
[222] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 239 H 3
[223] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 239 H 4
[224] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 239 H 5
[225] ‘Lamam’ – The man commits the sin, so he asks Forgiveness of Allahazwj from it’
[226] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 240 H 1
[227] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 241 H 1
[228] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 242 H 2
[229] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 243 H 1
[230] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 243 H 2
[231] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 244 H 1
[232] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 245 H 1
[233] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 245 H 2
[234] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 246 H 1
[235] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 247 H 1
[236] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 247 H 2
[237] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 249 H 1
[238] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 249 H 2
[239] ILLAL AL SHARAIE – V 2 Ch 250 H 1
