CHAPTER 13
AL-RA’D
(Thunder)
(43 VERSES)
VERSES 1 – 22
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
Brief Introduction of Sura Al-Ra’d (13):
Sura Al-Ra’d (43 verses) was revealed in Makkah.[1] Origin of name: The Surah is named after the word “Ra’d,” meaning “thunder,” which appears in Verse 13:13: وَيُسَبِّحُ الرَّعْدُ (And the thunder Glorifies with His Praise, and (so do) the Angels from His Awe, and He Sends the thunderbolts, so He Hits with these the ones He so Desires to, and they are disputing regarding Allah and He is Mighty in Strength 13:13).
A Jew asked, ‘So is there anything else with this?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Give’. He-saww said: ‘Alif Lam Mim Ra. [13:1]’. (See Appendix)[2]
‘I entered to see Abu Abdullah-asws. He-asws permitted for me, and he-asws wasn’t in his-asws seat. He-asws emerged to us from a side of the house from the presence of his-asws womenfolk, and there was no robe upon him-asws. When he-asws looked at us, he-asws was welcoming with us.
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. He-asws said: ‘The warner is Rasool-Allah-saww and Ali-asws is the Guide, and during every era there is an Imam-asws from us-asws guiding them to what Rasool-Allah-saww came with’’.[3]
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws or Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: what every female bears [13:8], meaning the male and the female. what the wombs fall short of, is whatever was less from the pregnancy, and what they increase, is what increases upon the pregnancy, so it would be whatever she saw from the blood during her pregnancy’’.[4]
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: Equal from you is the one who kept (his) words a secret and the one who is aloud with it, [13:10]: The secret and the proclamation are the same with Him-azwj. And His-azwj Words: and the one who hides at night [13:10], i.e. hidden in the inside of his house’’.[5]
‘I was seated in the presence of Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws when they came with a woman whose face had turned backwards, so he-asws placed his-asws right hand in her side and his-asws left hand from behind that, then squeezed her face from the right, then said: ‘Surely Allah does not Change what is with a people until they change what is with themselves. [13:11], and her face returned (to normality).
He-asws said: ‘Be cautioned from you doing as I-asws have done’. They said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! And what did you do?’ He-asws said: ‘That is veiled, only if she speaks with it’. So, they asked her and she said, ‘There was a second wife for my husband. I stood up to pray Salat and I thought that my husband was with her, so I turned around towards her and saw her to be seated, and he wasn’t with her’, so her face turned back upon what it used to be’’.[6]
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws was saying: ‘Allah-azwj Ordains an inevitable Ordainment, He-azwj will not Favour upon His-azwj servant with a Favour and Withdraw it from him, before (until) the servant does something what would Obligate the Withdrawal of that Bounty due to that sin, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj: Surely Allah does not Change what is with a people until they change what is with themselves. [13:11]’’.[7]
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: and those who are being supplicated to from the ones besides Him are not answering to them with anything, [13:14]: ‘Allah-azwj Struck this example for those who are worshipping the idols, and those worshipping gods from besides Allah-azwj are not answering to them with anything nor are they benefitting them except it’s like the one who extends his hands to the water to make it reach his mouth, and it does not reach it [13:14]’’.[8]
Imam Al-Sadiq-asws (6th Imam) said: ‘You (Shias) are ‘the ones of understanding’ in the Book of Allah-azwj. Allah-azwj Says: But rather, the ones with the understanding will be mindful [13:19]’’.[9]
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Inform me about the Words of Allah-azwj: ‘and are fearing the evil Reckoning [13:21]. Do you see them fearing that He-azwj would be tyrannous upon them, or be unjust to them? No, by Allah-azwj! They are fearing the investigation and the detailed inquiry’’.[10]
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! A man from our companions is devout, submitting, frequent of Salat, involved with the love of vanities and he listens to songs’.
He-asws said: ‘Does it prevent him from the Salat at its timings, or from fasting, or from consoling a sick, or attending a funeral, or visiting a brother (in religion)?’
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘No! That doesn’t prevent him from anything from the good and the righteous deeds’’.
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘This is from the footsteps of Satan-la. That will be Forgiven for him if Allah-azwj so Desires’.
Then he-asws said: ‘A group from the Angels faulted the children of Adam-as regarding the pleasures and the lustful desires. I-asws mean the Permissible to you all, not the Prohibited’.
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Disdained for the Momineen from the children of Adam-as, from the faulting by the Angels to them’.
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Cast in the temperament of those Angels, the pleasures, and the lustful desires so they would not be faulting the Momineen’.
He-asws said: ‘When they felt that from their temperaments, they clamoured to Allah-azwj from that. They said, ‘Our Lord-azwj! Your-azwj Pardon! Your-azwj Pardon! Return us to what we have been Created for and Force us to be upon it, for we fear that we shall come to be in ambiguous (troublesome) matters’’.
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Removed that from their temperaments’.
He-asws said: ‘When it will be the Day of Qiyamah and the people of Paradise come to be in the Paradise, those Angels will seek Permission unto the people of Paradise. They will permit for them, and they will enter to see them, and they will be greeting unto them and saying to them: Greetings be upon you due to your having been patient, [13:24], in the world from the pleasures and the lustful desires, the Permissible’’.[11]
Miqdad Al-Aswad Al-Kindy-ra asked Rasool-Allah-saww. What is ‘Tooba’ in (the tree of) Tooba would be for them and an excellent resort [13:29]? Rasool-Allah-saww He-saww said: ‘A tree in the Paradise. If a horse rider were to travel in its shade, it will be a hundred years before he can cut across it. Its leaves are greenish, and its flowers are yellowish, and its clusters are silk and brocade, and its fruits are green ornaments, and its combination is of ginger and honey, and its scatterings is of red rubies and green emeralds, and its soil is musk and ambergris, and its grass is ripe saffron, and the incense wood burns from without fire being ignited, and (the springs) Al-Salsabeel, and Al-Raheeq, and Al-Maeen burst out from its roots.Verse 13:29 is explained in a Hadeeth in Appendix I.
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And those who are committing Kufr will not cease to being hit due to what they are doing, by a calamity – and it is the scourge, or it being released near to their houses it, and it hits other people and they would be seeing that and would be hearing of it. And those, a calamity is released upon are Kafirs like them, and they did not advise each other, and it will never cease to be like that until there comes the Promised threat of Allah [13:31], of the Help which He-azwj Promised the Momineen and the Kafirs are disgraced’’.[12]
‘We entered to see Abu Abdullah-asws during the era of (caliph) Marwan. He-asws said: ‘Who are you from?’ We said, ‘From people of Al-Kufa’.
There is no city with more people loving us-asws than the people of Al-Kufa, in particularly this group. Allah-azwj has Guided you all to a matter the people are ignorant of. You are loving us‑asws while the people are hating us-asws, and you are following us-asws while the people are opposing us-asws, and you are ratifying us-asws while the people are belying us-asws!
May Allah-azwj Cause you to live our-asws lives and Cause you to die our-asws deaths. I-asws testify upon my-asws father-asws, he-asws had said: ‘There is nothing between you all and seeing what your eyes will be delighted with or cheered, except for his soul to reach like this!’ – and he‑asws gestured by his-asws hand to his-asws throat.
‘And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Said in His-azwj Book: And We had Sent Rasools from before you and We Made wives and offspring to be for them. [13:38]. We-asws are the offspring of Rasool-Allah-saww’’.[13]
‘Muhammad Bin Salih Al-Armani asked Abu Muhammad-asws about the Words of the Exalted: Allah Deletes and Affirms whatever He so Desires to, and with Him is the Mother of the Book [13:39], so he-asws said: ‘Would He-azwj Delete except what had come into being? And would He-azwj Affirm except what had yet to come into being?’
I said to myself, ‘This is opposite to the word of Hisham Bin Al-Hakam that He-azwj does not Know of a thing until it comes into being’. He-asws looked at me and he-asws said: ‘Exalted is the Compeller, the Judge, the Knower of the things before their coming into being’. I said, ‘I testify that you-asws are indeed a Divine Authority of Allah-azwj’’.[14]
From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘Had it not been for a Verse in the Book of Allah-azwj, I-asws would inform you all with what has happened, and with what is happening, and with what would be happening up to the Day of Judgment, and it is this Verse: Allah Deletes and Affirms whatever He so Desires to, and with Him is the Mother of the Book [13:39]’’.[15]
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: We-asws are the door. When they (people) are Resurrected, the doctrines will be narrow with them. We-asws are the door of ‘Hitta’, and it is the door of Al-Islam. One who enters it will attain salvation, and one staying behind from it would collapse.
Allah-azwj Began with us-asws and He-azwj will be Ending with us-asws. Allah Deletes and Affirms whatever He so Desires to [13:39], and due to us-asws rains fall. Do not let the deceiver deceive you all! If you were to know what is for you in the riches between your enemies and your patience upon the harm, your eyes would be delighted.[16] See complete Hadeeth in Appendix I.
Imam Al-Baqir-asws (5th Imam) said: ‘O Jabir! But, they are your brothers, there remains a remainder upon them. O you number! Are you reciting that Allah-azwj the Exalted: and Allah does whatsoever He so Desires to [14:27] And Allah Judges, there is no Postponement of His Judgment, [13:41], nor any repeller to His-azwj Judgment, He cannot be questioned about what He Does, and they would be Questioned [21:23].
They said, ‘Yes, Allah-azwj Does whatever He-azwj Desires and Judges whatever He-azwj Wants’. I said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj! They are insightful and recognising and reached’.[17]
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj did not Send any Prophet-as except He-azwj Gave him-as from the knowledge, part of it, apart from the Prophet-saww, for He-azwj Gave him-asws from the knowledge, all of it, so He-azwj Said: ‘a clarification of all things, [16:89], and Said: And We Prescribed to him in the Tablets, Advice from all things [7:145], and Said: and the one who has Knowledge of the Book [13:43], and did not Inform that with him is (all the) knowledge of the Book, and one who does not occur from Allah-azwj upon the entirety.
And Allah-azwj Said to Muhammad-saww: Then We Gave the Book as an inheritance to those We Chose from among Our servants [35:32]. So this is the whole, and we-asws are the Chosen ones.
And the Prophet-saww said among what he-saww asked his-saww Lord-azwj: ‘Lord! Increase me in knowledge!’ [20:114]. So this is the increase from the knowledge is with us-asws which did not happen to be with anyone from the successors-as of the Prophets-as, nor offspring of the Prophets-as apart from us-asws. Therefore, by this knowledge we-asws know the deaths and the afflictions, and the decisive address’’.[18]
MERITS
العياشي: عن عثمان بن عيسى، عن الحسين بن أبي العلاء، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: «من أكثر قراءة سورة الرعد لم تصبه صاعقة أبدا، و إن كان ناصبيا، فإنه لا يكون أشر من الناصب، و إن كان مؤمنا أدخله الله الجنة بغير حساب، و يشفع في جميع من يعرف من أهل بيته و إخوانه من المؤمنين
Al Ayyashi, from Usman Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Abu Al A’ala,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who frequents in recitation of Surah Al-RA’D (Chapter 13), would not be hit by a thunderbolt, ever, and even if he was a Nasibi (Hostile one), for there cannot happen to be anyone more evil than the Nasibi. And if he was a Momin, Allah-azwj would Enter him into the Paradise without Reckoning, and he would (be allowed to) intercede regarding the entirety of the ones he recognises from his family and his brethren from the Momineen’.[19]
و من (خواص القرآن): روي عن النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) أنه قال: «من قرأ هذه السورة كان له من الأجر عشر حسنات بوزن كل سحاب مضى، و كل سحاب يكون، و يبعث يوم القيامة من الموفين بعهد الله
And from Khawas Al Quran –
‘It has been reported from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘The one who recites this Chapter (13), would have for himself the Recompense of all the clouds in the past, and all the clouds which would come to be (in the future), and he would be Resurrected on the Day of Judgement as one who has been loyal to the Covenant of Allah-azwj.
و من كتبها و علقها في ليلة مظلمة بعد صلاة العشاء الآخرة على ضوء نار، و جعلها من ساعته على باب سلطان جائر و ظالم، هلك و زال ملكه
And the one who writes it and attaches it (amulet) during a dark night after the Al-Isha Salat, upon the light of fire, and makes it to be upon the door of an unfair and unjust authority, he would be destroyed and his kingdom would vanish’.[20]
و عن الصادق (عليه السلام): «من كتبها في ليلة مظلمة بعد صلاة العتمة، و جعلها من ساعته على باب السلطان الجائر الظالم، قام عليه عسكره و رعيته، فلا يسمع كلامه، و يقصر عمره و قوله، و يضيق صدره، و إن جعلت على باب ظالم أو كافر أو زنديق، فهي تهلكه بإذن الله تعالى
And (it has been narrated) from Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The one who writes it during a dark night after the completion of the Salat, and makes it during that hour upon the door of the unfair and unjust authority, his army would rise against him along with his citizens. So they would not listen to his words, and they would be deficient in carrying out his orders and his speech, and his chest would be constricted. And if it is made to be upon the door of an unjust, or an Infidel, or an Atheist, so it would destroy him, by the Permission of Allah-azwj’.[21]
VERSE 1
المر ۚ تِلْكَ آيَاتُ الْكِتَابِ ۗ وَالَّذِي أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ الْحَقُّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ {1}
Alif Lam Mim Ra. These are Verses of the Book; and that which is Revealed to you from your Lord is the Truth, but most of the people do not believe [13:1]
ابن بابويه، قال: أخبرنا أبو الحسن محمد بن هارون الزنجاني، فيما كتب إلي على يدي علي بن أحمد البغدادي الوراق، قال: حدثنا معاذ بن المثنى العنبري، قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن محمد بن أسماء، قال: حدثنا جويرية، عن سفيان بن سعيد الثوري، قال: قلت لجعفر بن محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن أبي طالب (عليهم السلام): يا بن رسول الله، ما معنى قول الله عز و جل: المر؟ قال: «المر معناه: أنا الله المحيي المميت الرزاق
Ibn Babuwayh said, Abu Al Hassan Muhammad Bin Haroun Al Zanjany informed us, regarding what he wrote to Ali Bin Ahmad Al Baghdady Al Waraaq, from Ma’az Bin Al Masny Al Anbary, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Asma’a, from Juweyriya, from Sufyan Bin Saeed Al Sowry who said,
‘I said to Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, what is the Meaning of the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Alif Lam Mim Ra [13:1]?’ He-asws said: ‘Alif Lam Mim Ra [13:1], its Meaning is: ‘I-azwj am Allah-azwj, the (Giver of) life, the (Giver of) death, the Sustainer’.[22]
VERSES 2 & 3
اللَّهُ الَّذِي رَفَعَ السَّمَاوَاتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا ۖ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ ۖ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ ۖ كُلٌّ يَجْرِي لِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى ۚ يُدَبِّرُ الْأَمْرَ يُفَصِّلُ الْآيَاتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ بِلِقَاءِ رَبِّكُمْ تُوقِنُونَ {2}
Allah is the One Who Raised the skies without a pillar you can see. Then He Established upon the Throne, and He Subdued the sun and the moon, each flowing to a Specified term. He Regulates the affair Clarifying the Signs, perhaps they would be convinced of meeting their Lord [13:2]
وَهُوَ الَّذِي مَدَّ الْأَرْضَ وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ وَأَنْهَارًا ۖ وَمِنْ كُلِّ الثَّمَرَاتِ جَعَلَ فِيهَا زَوْجَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ ۖ يُغْشِي اللَّيْلَ النَّهَارَ ۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ {3}
And He is the One Who Extended the earth and Made therein mountains and rivers. And from each of the fruits He Made two pairs in these. He Makes the night to cover the day. Surely in that are Signs for a people who ponder [13:3]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثني أبي، عن الحسين بن خالد، عن أبي الحسن الرضا (عليه السلام)، قال: قلت له: أخبرني عن قول الله عز و جل: وَ السَّماءِ ذاتِ الْحُبُكِ. فقال: هي محبوكة إلى الأرض»، و شبك بين أصاب
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘My father narrated to me, from Al-Husayn Bin Khalid,
‘I asked from Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, ‘Inform me about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And (by) the sky with the orbital pathways [51:7]’. He-asws said: ‘Linked to the earth’ – and clasped his-asws fingers together.
فقلت: كيف تكون محبوكة إلى الأرض، و الله يقول: رَفَعَ السَّماواتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَها؟ فقال: «سبحان الله! أليس الله يقول: بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَها؟». قلت: بلى. فقال: «ثم عمد و لكن لا ترونها
I said, ‘How can it become linked to the earth, and Allah-azwj is Saying: Allah is the One Who Raised the skies without a pillar you can see [13:2]?’ So he-asws said: ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! Isn’t Allah-azwj Saying: without any pillars that you can see?’ I said, ‘Yes’. So he-asws said: ‘Then there are pillars, but you cannot see them’.
قلت: كيف ذلك، جعلني الله فداك؟ قال: فبسط كفه اليسرى، ثم وضع اليمنى عليها، فقال: «هذه أرض الدنيا، و السماء الدنيا فوقها قبة، و الأرض الثانية فوق السماء الدنيا، و السماء الثانية فوقها قبة، و الأرض الثالثة فوق السماء الثانية، و السماء الثالثة فوقها قبة
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, how is that?’ He-asws extended his-asws left hand and placed his-asws right hand upon it and said: ‘This is the ground of the world, and the sky of the world, above which is a dome. And the second earth is above the sky of the world, and there is a dome above the second sky. And the third earth is above the second sky, and there is a dome above the third sky.
و الأرض الرابعة فوق السماء الثالثة، و السماء الرابعة فوقها قبة، و الأرض الخامسة فوق السماء الرابعة، و السماء الخامسة فوقها قبة، و الأرض السادسة، فوق السماء الخامسة، و السماء السادسة فوقها قبة، و الأرض السابعة فوق السماء السادسة، و السماء السابعة فوقها قبة
And the fourth earth is above the third sky, and there is a dome above the fourth sky. And the fifth earth is above the fourth sky, and there is a dome above the fifth sky. And the sixth earth is above the fifth sky, and there is a dome above the sixth sky. And the seventh earth is above the sixth sky, and there is a dome above the seventh sky.
و عرش الرحمن تبارك و تعالى فوق السماء السابعة، و هو قول الله عز و جل: الَّذِي خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَماواتٍ طباقا وَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ مِثْلَهُنَّ يَتَنَزَّلُ الْأَمْرُ بَيْنَهُنَّ
And the Throne of the Beneficent, Blessed and Exalted is above the seventh sky, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Allah is the One Who Created the skies, and from the earth similar to these. The Command descends between these [65:12].
فأما صاحب الأمر فرسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و الوصي بعد رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) قائم على وجه الأرض، فإنما يتنزل الأمر إليه من فوق السماء من بين السماوات و الأرضين
So, as for the Master of the Command, so it is Rasool-Allah-saww and the successor-asws after Rasool-Allah-saww, standing upon the surface of the earth. But rather, the Command Descends upon him-asws from above the sky, from between the (seven) skies and the (seven) earths (firmaments)’.
قلت: فما تحتنا إلا أرض واحدة؟ فقال: «ما تحتنا إلا أرض واحدة، و إن الست لهن فوقنا
I said, ‘But there is nothing beneath us except for one earth?’ So he-asws said: ‘There is nothing underneath us except for one earth, and six of these are above us’.[23]
و عنه: عن محمد بن يحيى، عن محمد بن الحسين، عن صفوان بن يحيى، عن عبد الرحمن بن الحجاج، قال: سألت أبا عبد الله (عليه السلام) عن قول الله عز و جل: الرَّحْمنُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوى فقال: «استوى في كل شيء، فليس شيء أقرب إليه من شيء، لم يبعد منه بعيد و لم يقرب منه قريب، استوى في كل شيء
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Abdul Rahman Bin Al Hajaj who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: The Beneficent is Established upon the Throne [20:5], so he-asws said: ‘Established in everything. So there is nothing nearer to Him-azwj than a thing, nor is anything distant from Him-azwj nor is there anything nearer to him. He-azwj is Established in everything’.[24]
و عنه: عن محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسين بن سعيد عن النضر بن سويد، عن عاصم بن حميد، عن أبي بصير، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال: «من زعم أن الله من شيء، أو في شيء، أو على شيء، فقد كفر». قلت فسر لي. قال: «أعني بالحواية من الشيء له، أو بإمساك له، أو من شيء سبقه
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Aasim Bin Hameed, from Abu Baseer,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The one who claims that Allah-azwj is from something, or in something, or upon something, so he has blasphemed’. I said, ‘Explain it for me’. He-asws said: ‘I-asws mean by the imagining something for Him-azwj, or Grasping Him-azwj, or something preceding Him-azwj’.
وفي رواية أخرى: «من زعم أن الله من شيء فقد جعله محدثا، و من زعم أنه في شيء فقد جعله محصورا، و من زعم أنه على شيء فقد جعله محمولا
And in another report, he-asws said: ‘The one who thinks that Allah-azwj is from something, so he Made Him-azwj out to be something new. And the one who thinks that He-azwj is inside something, so he has made Him-azwj to be fortified. And the one who thinks that He-azwj is upon something, so he has Made Him-azwj to be carried’.[25]
VERSES 4 & 5
وَفِي الْأَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُتَجَاوِرَاتٌ وَجَنَّاتٌ مِنْ أَعْنَابٍ وَزَرْعٌ وَنَخِيلٌ صِنْوَانٌ وَغَيْرُ صِنْوَانٍ يُسْقَىٰ بِمَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ وَنُفَضِّلُ بَعْضَهَا عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ فِي الْأُكُلِ ۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ {4}
And in the earth there are neighbouring tracts and gardens of grapes cultivated, and single-rooted palm trees other than single-rooted, being irrigated by one water source, and We Prefer some of it upon the others regarding the eating. Surely, in that there are Signs for a people using their intellects [13:4]
وَإِنْ تَعْجَبْ فَعَجَبٌ قَوْلُهُمْ أَإِذَا كُنَّا تُرَابًا أَإِنَّا لَفِي خَلْقٍ جَدِيدٍ ۗ أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِرَبِّهِمْ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ الْأَغْلَالُ فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمْ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ {5}
And if you are astounded, then (even more) astonishing are their words, ‘When we would be dust will we be in a new creation?’ They are those who are committing Kufr with their Lord, and they have shackles in their necks [13:5]
العياشي: عن الخطاب الأعور، رفعه إلى أهل العلم و الفقه من آل محمد (عليه و آله السلام)، قال: «وَ فِي الْأَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُتَجاوِراتٌ يعني: هذه الأرض الطيبة مجاورة لهذه الأرض المالحة و ليست منها، كما يجاور القوم القوم و ليسوا منهم
Al Ayyashi, from Al Khataab Al Owr,
It was raised to the People-asws of Knowledge and the understanding from the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww having said: ‘And in the earth there are neighbouring tracts [13:4] – Meaning, this good land is adjacent to this salty land, and although it isn’t from it, just as the people are adjacent to the people and although they aren’t from them’.[26]
ابن شهر آشوب: عن الخركوشي في (شرف المصطفى) و الثعلبي في (الكشف و البيان) و الفضل ابن شاذان في (الأمالي) و اللفظ له، بإسنادهم عن جابر بن عبد الله، قال: سمعت رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) يقول لعلي (عليه السلام): «الناس من شجر شتى، و أنا و أنت من شجرة واحدة- ثم قرأ- وَ جَنَّاتٌ مِنْ أَعْنابٍ وَ زَرْعٌ وَ نَخِيلٌ صِنْوانٌ وَ غَيْرُ صِنْوانٍ يُسْقى بِماءٍ واحِدٍ بالنبي و بك
Ibn Shehr Ashub, from Al Kharkoushy in (the book) ‘Sharaf Al Mustafa’, and Al Sa’alby in Al Kashf Al Bayaan, and Al Fazal Ibn Shazaan in Al Amaaly, by his chain,
(It has been narrated) from Jabir Bin Abdullah-ra who said, ‘I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying to Ali-asws: ‘The people are from a variety of trees (lineage), and I-asws and you-asws are from one tree (lineage)’ – then he-saww recited: and gardens of grapes cultivated, and single-rooted palm trees other than single-rooted being irrigated by one water source [13:4] – by the Prophet-saww and by you-asws’.
في رواية: «أنا و علي من شجرة، و الناس من أشجار شتى
And in a report – (Rasool-Allah-saww said): ‘I-saww and Ali-asws are from one tree, and the people are from a variety of trees’’. [27]
VERSE 6
وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَنَةِ وَقَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمُ الْمَثُلَاتُ ۗ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَىٰ ظُلْمِهِمْ ۖ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَشَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ {6}
And they are asking you to hasten on the evil before the good, and there have passed examples from before them, and surely your Lord is with Forgiveness to the people upon their injustices, and surely your Lord is Severe in the Punishing [13:6]
ابن بابويه، قال: حدثنا أبو علي الحسين بن أحمد البيهقي بنيسابور، سنة اثنتين و خمسين و ثلاثمائة، قال: أخبرنا محمد بن يحيى الصولي، قال: حدثنا ابن ذكوان، قال: سمعت إبراهيم بن العباس يقول: كنا في مجلس الرضا (عليه السلام) فتذاكرنا الكبائر، و قول المعتزلة فيها: إنها لا تغفر، فقال الرضا (عليه السلام): «قال أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): قد نزل القرآن بخلاف قول المعتزلة، قال الله جل جلاله: وَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍ لِلنَّاسِ عَلى ظُلْمِهِمْ
Ibn Babuwayh said, ‘Abu Ali Al Husayn Bin Ahmad Al Bayhaqi at Neshapour, in the year three hundred and fifty two, from Muhamma bin Yahya Al Souly, from Ibn Zakwaan who said,
‘I heard Ibrahim Bin Al-Abbas saying, ‘We were in the gathering of Al-Reza-asws, and we mentioned the major sins, and the saying of the Mu’tazilites that these are not Forgiven. So Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The Quran has been Revealed against the words of the Mu’tazilites. Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Says: and surely your Lord is with Forgiveness to the people upon their injustices [13:6]’.[28]
VERSE 7
وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْلَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ آيَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ ۗ إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ ۖ وَلِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هَادٍ {7}
And those who commit Kufr are saying, ‘Why has not a Sign been Sent down upon him from his Lord?’ But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]
The Guide – Ali-asws in particular
وعنه عن الحسين عن احمد بن ابى حمزة عن ابان بن عثمان عن ابى مريم عن عبد الله بن عطا قال سمعت ابا عبد الله عليه السلام يقول في هذه الاية انما انت منذر ولكل قوم هاد قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله المنذر وبعلى يهتدى المهتدون
And from him, from Al-Husayn, from Ahmad Bin Abu Hamza, from Aban Bin Usman, from Abu Maryam, from Abdullah Bin Ataa who said:
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws say regarding this Verse: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. Imam-asws Said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww is the warner by Ali-asws, the guided ones were guided.’[29]
قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْمُطَّلِبُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا السُّدِّيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ خَيْرٍ
He said, ‘It was narrated to us by Al Muttalib Bin Ziyad, from Al Sudayy, from Abdul Khayr,
عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع: فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ قَالَ الْمُنْذِرُ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ الْهَادِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ يَعْنِي نَفْسَهُ
(It has been narrated) from Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. He-asws said: ‘The warner is the Prophet-saww, and the Guide is a man-asws from the Clan of Hashim-asws’, meaning himself-asws’’.[30]
على بن الحسين عن على بن فضال عن ابيه عن ابراهيم بن محمد الاشعري عن محمد بن مروان عن نجم قال سمعت ابا جعفر عليه السلام يقول انما انت منذر ولكل قوم هاد قال المنذر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله والهادي على عليه السلام
Ali Bin Al-Husayn, from Ali Bin Fazaal, from his father, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Al-Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Marwaan, from Najam who said:
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws say: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. The Warner is Rasool-Allah-saww, and the Guide is Ali-asws.’[31]
سعيد بن المسيب، عن أبي هريرة، قال: سألت رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) عن هذه الآية، فقال لي: «هادي هذه الامة علي بن أبي طالب
Saeed Bin Al Musayyab, from Abu Hureyra who said,
‘I asked Rasool-Allah-saww about this Verse (13:7), so he-saww said: ‘The Guide of this community is Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[32]
The Guide – An Imam-asws in every generation
الشيخ في (مجالسه)، قال: أخبرنا الحسين بن إبراهيم القزويني قال: حدثنا أبو عبد الله محمد ابن وهبان، قال: حدثنا أبو القاسم علي بن حبشي، قال: حدثنا أبو الفضل العباس بن محمد بن الحسين، قال: حدثنا أبي، قال: حدثنا صفوان بن يحيى، عن الحسين بن أبي غندر عن المفضل، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام)، قال: «ما بعث الله نبيا أكرم من محمد (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و لا خلق قبله أحدا، و لا أنذر الله خلقه بأحد من خلقه قبل محمد (صلى الله عليه و آله)
Al-Shaykh, in his Majaalis said, ‘Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Al-Qazwiny informed us from Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Wahban, from Abu Al-Qasi, Ali Bin Habashy, from Abu Al-Fazl Al-Abbas Bin Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from his father, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Al-Husayn Bin Abu Gandar, from Al-Mufazzal,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj did not Send a Prophet-as more prestigious than Muhammad-saww, nor Created anyone before him-saww (as more prestigious), nor did Allah-azwj Warn His-azwj creatures with anyone (more prestigious) before Muhammad-saww.
فذلك قوله تعالى: هذا نَذِيرٌ مِنَ النُّذُرِ الْأُولى، و قال: إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ فلم يكن قبله مطاع في الخلق، و لا يكون بعده إلى أن تقوم الساعة، في كل قرن إلى أن يرث الله الأرض و من عليها
These are the Words of the Exalted: This one is a Warner from the former Warners [53:56], and Said: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. So there has not been anyone obeyed among the creatures before him-saww, and there will not be anyone obeyed after him-saww up to the Establishment of the Hour, in every generation until Allah-azwj Makes inherit the earth and the ones who are upon it’.[33]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) الْمُنْذِرُ وَ لِكُلِّ زَمَانٍ مِنَّا هَادٍ يَهْدِيهِمْ إِلَى مَا جَاءَ بِهِ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) ثُمَّ الْهُدَاةُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ عَلِيٌّ ثُمَّ الْأَوْصِيَاءُ وَاحِدٌ بَعْدَ وَاحِدٍ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umery, from Ibn Azina, from Bureyd Al Ijaly,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. So he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww is the warner, and for every era there would be a guide from us-asws guiding them to what the Prophet of Allah-azwj came with. Then the guide from after him-asws is Ali-asws, then the successors-asws, one after one’.[34]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ وَ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ فَقَالَ كُلُّ إِمَامٍ هَادٍ لِلْقَرْنِ الَّذِي هُوَ فِيهِمْ
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd and Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Musa Bin Bakr, from Al Fuzayl who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws was asked about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. So he-asws said: ‘Every Imam-asws is a guide of the generation he-asws is in’.[35]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ الْقَصِيرِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ( عليه السلام ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) الْمُنْذِرُ وَ عَلِيٌّ الْهَادِي أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا ذَهَبَتْ مِنَّا وَ مَا زَالَتْ فِينَا إِلَى السَّاعَةِ
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Safwan, from Mansour, from Abdul Raheem Al Qasyer,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. So he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww is the warner and Ali-asws the Guide. But, by Allah-azwj, it (Guidance) did not cease to be from us-asws, and will not cease to be among us-asws up to the Hour (Day of Judgment)’.[36]
و عنه، قال: حدثنا أبي و محمد بن الحسن (رضي الله عنهما)، قالا: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب و يعقوب بن يزيد جميعا، عن حماد بن عيسى، عن حريز بن عبد الله، عن محمد بن مسلم، قال: قلت لأبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) في قوله تعالى: إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ. قال: «كل إمام هاد لكل قوم في زمانهم
And from him, said, ‘It was narrated by my father and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan who both said, ‘It was narrated to us by Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, and Yaqoub Bin Yazeed altogether, from Hamad Bin Isa, from Hareyz Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. He-asws said: ‘Every Imam-asws is a Guide for every people during their time (era)’’.[37]
The reason for a Guide to be in every generation
حدثنا على بن الحسين بن محمد عن معلى بن محمد عن محمد بن جمهور عن محمد بن اسمعيل عن سعدان عن ابى بصير على ابي عبد الله عليه السلام قال قلت له انما انت منذر ولكل قوم هاد فقال رسول الله المنذر وعلى الهادى يا ابا محمد فهل منا هاد اليوم قلت بلى جعلت فداك ما زال فيكم هاد من بعد هاد حتى رفعت اليك
Narrated to us Ali Bin Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moala Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Jamhour, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Sa’daan, from Abu Baseer who said:
‘When I said to him-asws: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7], he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww is the warner, and Ali-asws is the Guide. O Abu Muhammad, is there no Guide from us-asws today?’ I said, ‘Yes, may I be sacrificed for you-asws, the Guides from amongst you-asws have not passed away, Guide after Guide until the chain came up to you-asws.’
فقال رحمك الله يا ابا محمد ولو كانت إذا نزلت آية على رجل ثم مات ذلك الرجل ماتت الاية مات الكتاب ولكنه حى جرى فيمن بقى كما جرى فيمن مضى
He-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, O Abu Muhammad, and if it was that a Verse Came down upon a man and then that man dies, the Verse would die, the Book would die, but, this is alive and flowing with the one-asws who remains just like it flowed for the ones-asws in the past.’[38]
عن عبد الرحيم القصير، قال: كنت يوما من الأيام عند أبي جعفر (عليه السلام) فقال: «يا عبد الرحيم» قلت: لبيك: قال: «قول الله: إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ إذ قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): أنا المنذر و علي الهادي، فمن الهادي اليوم؟» قال: فسكت طويلا، ثم رفعت رأسي، فقلت: جعلت فداك، هي فيكم، توارثونها رجل فرجل حتى انتهت إليك، فأنت- جعلت فداك- الهادي، قال: «صدقت- يا عبد الرحيم- إن القرآن حي لا يموت، و الآية حية لا تموت، فلو كانت الآية إذا نزلت في أقوام فماتوا مات القرآن، و لكن هي جارية في الباقين كما جرت في الماضين
From Abdul Raheem Al Qusayr who said,
‘One day from the days, I was in the presence of Abu Ja’far-asws, so he-asws said: ‘O Abdul Rahman!’ I said, ‘At your-asws service!’ He-asws said: ‘The Words of Allah-azwj: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. When Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww am the Warner and Ali-asws is the Guide’, so who is the Guide today?’
فسكت طويلا، ثم رفعت رأسي، فقلت: جعلت فداك، هي فيكم، توارثونها رجل فرجل حتى انتهت إليك، فأنت- جعلت فداك- الهادي
He (the narrator) said: ‘So I was silent for a long time, then I raised my head, so I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, it is regarding you-asws (Imams-asws). It has been inherited by a man-asws after a man-asws until it has ended up to you-asws. Thus, you-asws – may I be sacrificed for you-asws – are the Guide’.
قال: «صدقت- يا عبد الرحيم- إن القرآن حي لا يموت، و الآية حية لا تموت، فلو كانت الآية إذا نزلت في أقوام فماتوا مات القرآن، و لكن هي جارية في الباقين كما جرت في الماضين
He-asws said: ‘You have spoken the Truth – O Abdul Rahman – Surely the Quran is alive and will not be dying, and the Verse is alive and will not be dying. So, had this verse been Revealed about a people, so when they died the Quran would have died. But, it is flowing in the remaining ones-asws just as it had flowed regarding the past ones-asws’.
و قال عبد الرحيم: قال: أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): «إن القرآن حي لم يمت، و إنه يجري كما يجري الليل و النهار، و كما تجري الشمس و القمر، و يجري على آخرنا كما يجري على أولنا
And Abdul Rahman said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The Quran is alive and will not die, and it flows like the flowing of the night and the day, and like the flowing of the sun and the moon, and it flows to our-asws later ones-asws just as it had flowed to our-asws former ones’.[39]
So said Rasool-Allah-saww
أبو الحسن محمد بن أحمد بن علي بن الحسين بن شاذان: بإسناده عن عبد الله بن عمر، قال: قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): «بي أنذرتم، و بعلي بن أبي طالب اهتديتم- و قرأ: إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ- و بالحسن أعطيتم الإحسان و بالحسين تسعدون و به تشقون، ألا و إن الحسين باب من أبواب الجنة، من عاداه حرم الله عليه ريح الجنة
Abu Al Hassan Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Shazaan, by his chain, from Abdullah Bin Umar who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘By me-saww you are Warned, and by Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws you are being Guided’ – and he-saww recited: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7] – and by Al-Hassan-asws you are given the goodness, and by Al-Husayn-asws you are being happy, and by him-asws you are being torn apart (with grief). Indeed! Al-Husayn-asws is a Gate from the Gates of the Paradise. The one who is inimical to him-asws, Allah-azwj would Forbid for him the aroma of the Paradise’.[40]
[ الصفار القمي ] أحمد بن محمد، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن أبي حمزة الثمالي قال: سمعت أبا جعفر (عليه السلام) يقول: دعا رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله) بطهور فلما فرغ أخذ بيد علي فألزمها يده ثم قال: * (إنما أنت منذر) * ثم ضم يده إلى صدره قال: * (ولكل قوم هاد) *. ثم قال: يا علي أنت أصل الدين ومنار الايمان وغاية الهدى وقائد الغر المحجلين أشهد لك بذلك
Al Saffar Al Qummy, Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww called for the purification. So when he-saww was free from it, grabbed the hand of Ali-asws, and kept it grabbed, then said: ‘But rather, you are a Warner [13:7]’, then joined his-saww hand to his-asws chest, said and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]’. Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws are the origin of the Religion and Minaret of the Eman, and the very purpose of Guidance, and leader of the Resplendent. I-saww hereby testify for you-asws with that’.[41]
So said Amir Al Momineen-asws
ثم التفت عليه السلام إلى بنيه فقال: يا بني، ليبر صغاركم كباركم، وليرحم كبار كم صغاركم، ولا تكونوا أمثال السفهاء الجفاة الجهال الذين لا يعطون في الله اليقين، كبيض بيض في داح
(Suleym Bin Qays said), ‘Then he-asws (Amir Al Momineen-asws) turned towards his-asws sons-asws and said: ‘O my-asws sons-asws! Your-asws younger ones should be good to your-asws elder ones, and your-asws elder ones should be good to your-asws younger ones, and do not become like the ignorant fools who never achieve certainty in Allah-azwj, like the eggs which children play with (example of useless game in the life of an ignorant one).
ألا ويح للفراخ فراخ آل محمد من خليفة يستخلف، جبارعتريف مترف يقتل خلفي وخلف الخلف بعدي
Indeed! There would be destruction for the fledglings, the fledglings of the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww from the ones left behind, wrought by a wealthy tyrant who will kill my-asws posterity and the posterities of the posterities after me-asws
أما والله، لقد علمت تبليغ الرسالات وتنجيز العدات وتمام الكلمات وفتحت لي الأسباب وعلمت الأنساب وأجري لي السحاب، ونظرت في الملكوت فلم يعزب عني شيئ فات ولم يفتني ما سبقني ولم يشركني أحد فيما أشهدني ربي يوم يقوم الأشهاد
But, by Allah-azwj, I-asws know the preaching of the (Divine) Messages, and the fulfilling of the promises, and the completion of the words, and reasons have been opened up for me-asws, and I-asws know the lineages and the clouds have been made to flow for me-asws (to carry me) so that I-asws look at the kingdom. There is nothing in the past that is hidden from me-asws and nor I have missed from what would be taking place either, and there is no one associated with me-asws in what my-asws Lord-azwj will Make me-asws to witness on the Day when the witnesses are established.
وبي يتم الله موعده ويكمل كلماته، وأنا النعمة التي أنعمها الله على خلقه، وأنا الإسلام الذي ارتضاه لنفسه، كل ذلك من من الله به علي وأذل به منكبي
And it is by me-asws that Allah-azwj will Fulfil His-azwj Promises and Complete His-azwj Words, and I-asws am the ‘Blessing’ through which Allah-azwj Awards His-azwj (pious) creatures, and I-asws am the Islam which He-azwj has Chosen for Himself-azwj. And all these are the bounties of Allah-azwj Conferred with upon me-asws and Weighed down my-asws shoulders.
وليس إمام إلا وهو عارف بأهل ولايته، وذلك قول الله عز وجل: (إنما أنت منذر ولكل قوم هاد)
And there is no (true) Imam-asws but he-asws recognises the people of Wilayah (who submit to our master-ship), and these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]’
ثم نزل، صلى الله عليه وآله الطاهرين الأخيار وسلم تسليما كثيرا
Ali-asws, then descended (from the pulpit). Blessing of Allah-azwj as well as numerous Greetings be upon him-asws and his-asws purified Progeny-asws, the righteous (among them-asws).[42]
ابن بابويه، قال: حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن إسحاق (رحمه الله)، قال: حدثنا أبو أحمد عبد العزيز بن يحيى البصري، قال: حدثنا المغيرة بن محمد، قال: حدثني إبراهيم بن محمد بن عبد الرحمن الأزدي سنة ست عشرة و مائة، قال: حدثنا قيس بن الربيع و منصور بن أبي الأسود، عن الأعمش، عن المنهال بن عمرو، عن عباد ابن عبد الله، قال: قال علي (عليه السلام): «ما نزلت من القرآن آية إلا و قد علمت أين نزلت، و فيمن نزلت، و في أي شيء نزلت، و في سهل نزلت أو في جبل
Ibn Babuwayh said, ‘It was narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq, from Abu Ahmad Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya Al Basry, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Rahman Al Azdy, in the year one hundred and sixteen, from Qays Bin Al Rabi’e and Mansour Bin Abu Al Aswad, from Al Amsh, from Al Minhal Bin Amro, from Abaad Ibn Abdullah who said,
‘Ali-asws said: ‘There has not been Revealed a Verse from the Quran except and I-asws know where it was revealed, and regarding the one it was Revealed, and regarding which thing is was Revealed, and whether it was Revealed in a coast or in a mountain’.
قيل: فما نزل فيك؟ فقال: «لو لا أنكم سألتموني ما أخبرتكم، نزلت في هذه الآية: إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ فرسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) المنذر، و أنا الهادي إلى ما جاء به
It was said, ‘So what was revealed regarding you-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘If you had not asked, I-asws would not be informing you. This Verse was Revealed regarding me-asws: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. So Rasool-Allah-saww is the Warner, and I-asws am the Guide to whatever he-saww came with’’.[43]
[ نقل ابن طاووس (ره) في كتاب (اليقين في تسمية علي بأمير المؤمنين) باسناده إلى محمد بن العباس (ره) في كتابه عن إسحاق بن محمد بن مروان، عن أبيه، عن إسحاق بن يزيد، عن سهل بن سليمان، عن محمد بن سعيد عن الاصبغ بن نباتة قال: خطب أمير المؤمنين علي عليه السلام الناس فحمد الله وأثنى عليه ثم قال: يا أيها الناس سلوني قبل أن تفقدوني، أنا يعسوب المؤمنين، وغاية السابقين وإمام المتقين، وقائد الغر المحجلين، وخاتم الوصيين، ووارث الوارث
Ibn Tawoos transmitted in the book Al Yaqeen Fi Tasmiyat Ali Bi Amir Al Momineen, by his chain up to Muhammad Bin Al Abbas in his book from Is’haq Bin Muhammad Bin Marwan, from his father, from Is’haq Bin Yazeed, from Sahl Bin Suleyman, from Muhammad Bin Saeed, from Al Asbagh Bin Nubata who said,
Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws addressed the people, so he-asws praised and extolled upon Him-azwj, then said: ‘O you people! Ask me-asws before you-asws lose me-asws! I-asws am the leader (Yasoub) of the Momineen-asws, and the peak of the foremost ones, and the Imam-asws of the pious, and guide of the resplendent, and seal (last) of the successors-as, and the inheritor of the inheritors.
أنا قسيم النار وخازن الجنان وصاحب الحوض، وليس منا أحد إلا وهو عالم بجميع ولايته، وذلك قوله عزوجل (إنما أنت منذر ولكل قوم هاد
I-asws am the distributor of the Fire and treasurer of the Gardens, and Master of the Fountain. And there isn’t anyone from us-asws except and he-asws is knowledgeable with the entirety of his-asws Wilayah, and these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]’’.[44]
ابن الفارسي في (الروضة) قال: قال علي (عليه السلام): «إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ المنذر: محمد (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و لكل قوم هاد: أنا
Ibn Al Farsy in (the book) Al Rowza, said,
‘Ali-asws said: ‘But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. The Warner is Muhammad-saww, and for every people there is a Guide, (it is) me-asws’’.[45]
The twelve Guides specified by name
و عنه، قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن محمد، قال: حدثنا عتبة بن عبد الله الحمصي بمكة قراءة عليه سنة ثمانين و ثلاثمائة، قال: حدثنا علي بن موسى الغطفاني، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن يوسف الحمصي، قال: حدثني محمد بن عكاشة، قال: حدثنا حسين بن زيد بن علي، قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن الحسن، عن أبيه، عن الحسن (عليه السلام)، قال: «خطب رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) يوما، فقال بعد ما حمد الله و أثنى عليه: معاشر الناس، كأني ادعى فأجيب، و إني تارك فيكم الثقلين: كتاب الله و عترتي أهل بيتي، ما إن تمسكتم بهما لن تضلوا، فتعلموا منهم، و لا تعلموهم فإنهم أعلم منكم، لا تخلو الأرض منهم، و لو خلت إذن لساخت بأهلها
And from him who said, ‘It was narrated to us by Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Muhammad, from Utba Bin Abdullah Al Hamsy at Makkah, recited to him in the year three hundred and eighty, from Ali Bin Musa Al Ghatfany, from Ahmad Bin Yusuf Al Hamsy, from Muhammad Bin Akasha, from Husayn Bin Zayd Bin Ali, from Abdullah Bin Al Hassan, from his father,
From Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww addressed (the people) one days, so he-saww said after having praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj: ‘Group of people! It is as if I-saww am being called so I-saww (must) answer, and I-saww am leaving behind you all the two weighty things – Book of Allah-azwj and my-saww family, the People-asws of my-saww Household, what if you were to attach yourselves with these two, you will never stray. Therefore, learn from them-asws and do not (try to) teach them, for they-asws are more knowledgeable than you all. The earth will not be empty from them-asws, and if it was to be empty, then it would submerge along with its inhabitants’’.
ثم قال (عليه السلام): اللهم إني أعلم أن العلم لا يبيد و لا ينقطع، و أنك لا تخلي الأرض من حجة لك على خلقك، ظاهر ليس بالمطاع، أو خائف مغمور كي لا تبطل حجتك، و لا يضل أو لياؤك بعد إذ هديتهم، أولئك الأقلون عددا، الأعظمون قدرا عند الله
Then he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! I-saww know that the knowledge can neither perish not be terminated, and You-azwj do not Keep the earth empty from a Divine Authority of Yours-azwj upon Your-azwj creatures, (even though) he-asws is not with the obedience in the apparent, or he-asws is fearful, obscure, it would (still) not invalidate Your-azwj Divine Authority, and Your-azwj friends will not stray after when You-azwj have Guided them. They are few in number, with magnificence worth in the Presence of Allah-azwj’.
فلما نزل عن منبره قلت له: يا رسول الله، أما أنت الحجة على الخلق كلهم؟ قال: يا حسن، إن الله يقول: إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ فأنا المنذر، و علي الهادي
When he-saww descended from the Pulpit, I-asws said to him-saww: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! But aren’t you-saww the Divine Authority upon the creatures, all of them?’ He-saww said: ‘O Hassan! Surely Allah-azwj is Saying: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. So I-saww am the Warner and Ali-asws is the Guide’.
قلت: يا رسول الله، فقولك: إن الأرض لا تخلو من حجة؟ قال: نعم، علي هو الإمام و الحجة بعدي و أنت الإمام و الحجة بعده و الحسين الإمام و الحجة و الخليفة بعدك
I said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! So (what about) your-saww words that the earth cannot be empty from a Divine Authority?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes, Ali-asws, he-asws is the Imam-asws and the Divine Authority after me-saww, and you-asws are the Imam-asws and the Divine Authority after him-asws, and Al-Husayn is the Imam-asws and the Divine Authority and the Caliph after you-asws.
و لقد نبأني اللطيف الخبير أنه يخرج من صلب الحسين ولد يقال له علي سمي جده علي، فإذا مضى الحسين قام بالأمر بعده علي ابنه، و هو الإمام و الحجة بعد أبيه
The Knower of Subtleties, the All-Aware Informed me-saww that He-azwj would be Extracting from the spine of Al-Husayn-asws, a son-asws called Ali-asws, his-asws grandfather-asws having named him-asws Ali. So when Al Husayn-asws passes away, he-asws would stand with the Command after him-asws, Ali-asws his-asws son-asws, and he is the Imam-asws and the Divine Authority after his-asws father-asws.
و يخرج الله من صلب علي ولدا سميي، و أشبه الناس بي علمه علمي، و حكمه حكمي، و هو الإمام و الحجة بعد أبيه
And Allah-azwj would Extract from the spine of Ali-asws, a son-asws of my-saww name, and the one most resembling of the people with me-saww. His-asws knowledge would be my-saww knowledge, and his-asws wisdom would be my-saww wisdom, and he-asws is the Imam-asws and the Divine Authority after his-asws father-asws.
و يخرج الله تعالى من صلب محمد مولودا يقال له جعفر، أصدق الناس قولا و فعلا، و هو الإمام و الحجة بعد أبيه
And Allah-azwj Exalted would Extract from the spine of Muhammad (Al-Baqir-asws) a son-asws called Ja’far-asws, being the most truthful of the people in words and deeds, and he-asws is the Imam-asws and the Divine Authority after his-asws father-asws.
و يخرج الله تعالى من صلب جعفر مولودا يقال له موسى، سمي موسى بن عمران (عليه السلام)، أشد الناس تعبدا، فهو الإمام و الحجة بعد أبيه
And Allah-azwj the Exalted would Extract from the spine of Ja’far-asws a son-asws called Musa-asws, the name of Musa Bin Imran-as, being the most intense of the people in worship. So he-asws is the Imam-asws and the Divine Authority after his-asws father-asws.
و يخرج الله تعالى من صلب موسى ولدا يقال له علي، معدن علم الله، و موضع حكمه، و هو الإمام و الحجة بعد أبيه
And Allah-azwj the Exalted would Extract from the spine of Musa-asws, a son-asws called Ali (Al-Reza-asws), being the mine of the Knowledge of Allah-azwj and a receptacle of His-azwj Wisdom, and he-asws is the Imam-asws and the Divine Authority after his-asws father-asws.
و يخرج الله من صلب علي مولدا يقال له محمد، فهو الإمام و الحجة بعد أبيه
And Allah-azwj would Extract from the spine of Ali (Al Reza-asws, a son-asws called Muhammad (Taqi-asws). So he-asws is the Imam-asws and the Divine Authority after his-asws father-asws.
و يخرج الله تعالى من صلب محمد ولدا يقال له علي، فهو الإمام و الحجة بعد أبيه
And Allah-azwj the Exalted would Extract from the spine of Muhammad (Taqi-asws), a son-asws called Ali (Al-Naqi-asws). So he-asws is the Imam-asws and the Divine Authority after his-asws father-asws.
و يخرج الله تعالى من صلب علي مولودا يقال له الحسن، فهو الإمام و الحجة بعد أبيه
And Allah-azwj the Exalted would Extract from the spine of Ali (Al Naqi-asws), a son-asws called Al Hassan (Al-Askari-asws). So he-asws is the Imam-asws and the Divine Authority after his-asws father-asws.
و يخرج الله تعالى من صلب الحسن الحجة القائم إمام شيعته، و منقذ أوليائه، يغيب حتى لا يرى، فيرجع عن أمره قوم، و يثبت عليه آخرون وَ يَقُولُونَ مَتى هذَا الْوَعْدُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صادِقِينَ و لو لم يكن من الدنيا إلا يوم واحد لطول الله عز و جل ذلك اليوم حتى يخرج قائمنا
And Allah-azwj the Exalted would Extract from the spine of Al Hassan (Al Askari-asws, the Divine Authority Al Qaim-asws, Imam-asws of his-asws Shias, and saviour of his-asws friends. He-asws would be absent until he-asws would not be seen, so a people would retract from his-asws matter, and others would be steadfast upon it and they (the first ones) And they will be saying: ‘When would be this threat, if you were truthful?’ [10:48]. And if there does not happen (to remain) from the (time) of the world except for one day, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Prolong that day until our-asws Qaim-asws comes out.
فيملأ الأرض قسطا و عدلا، كما ملئت ظلما و جورا، فلا تخلو الأرض منكم، أعطاكم الله علمي و فهمي، و لقد دعوت الله تبارك و تعالى أن يجعل العلم و الفقه في عقبي و عقب عقبي و زرعي و زرع زرعي
Then, he-asws would fill the earth with fairness and justice just as it would have been filled with injustice and tyranny (before that). So the earth will not be empty from you (Imams-asws). Allah-azwj would Give you-asws all my-saww knowledge and my-saww understanding, and I-saww have supplicated to Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted that He-azwj should Make the knowledge and the understanding to be in my-saww posterity and my-saww offspring, and offspring of my-saww offspring’’.[46]
ابن بابويه، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن إسماعيل، قال: حدثنا محمد بن همام، عن عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري، عن موسى بن مسلم، عن مسعدة، قال: كنت عند الصادق (عليه السلام) إذ أتاه شيخ كبير قد انحنى متكئا على عصاه، فسلم فرد عليه أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام) الجواب، ثم قال: يا بن رسول الله، ناولني يدك لاقبلها. فأعطاه يده فقبلها ثم بكى
Ibn babuwayh said, ‘It was narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Bin hamam, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri, from Musa Bin Muslim, from Mas’ada who said,
‘I was in the presence of Al-Sadiq-asws when an old aged man came leaning upon his cane. He greeted, so Abu Abdullah-asws responded the greeting, then he said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Give me your-asws hand, for me to kiss it’. So he-asws gave him his-asws hand, and he kissed it, then cried.
فقال له أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): «ما يبكيك يا شيخ؟» فقال: جعلت فداك، أقمت على قائمكم منذ مائة سنة، أقول: هذا الشهر، و هذه السنة. و قد كبر سني ورق جلدي و دق عظمي و اقترب أجلي، و لا أرى فيكم ما أحب، أراكم مقتولين مشردين، و أرى أعداءكم يطيرون بالأجنحة، فكيف لا أبكي؟
Abu Abdullah-asws said to him: ‘What makes you cry, O sheikh?’ He said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! I have stayed (waiting) upon your-asws Qaim-asws since one hundred years. I have been saying, ‘(He-asws will appear) this month, and this year’, and (now) my age is great and my skin is wrinkled, and my bones are thin, and my term (death) is near, and (still) I cannot see regarding you (Imams-asws) what I would love to (see). I see you (Imams-asws) being killed, displaced, and I see your-asws enemies flying with the wings. So how can I not cry?’
فدمعت عينا أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) ثم قال: «يا شيخ، إن أبقاك الله حتى ترى قائمنا كنت معنا في السنام الأعلى، و إن حلت بك المنية جئت يوم القيامة مع ثقل محمد (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و نحن ثقله، فقال (صلى الله عليه و آله): إني مخلف فيكم الثقلين فتمسكوا بهما لن تضلوا: كتاب الله، و عترتي أهل بيتي
The eyes of Abu Abdullah-asws overflowed with tears, then he-asws said: ‘O sheikh! If Allah-azwj Causes you to remain until you see our-asws Qaim-asws, you would be with us-asws in the lofty peaks, and if death befalls you, you would come on the Day of Judgment along with the weighty thing of Muhammad-saww, and we-asws are his-saww weighty thing. He-saww said: ‘I-saww leave behind among you all the two weighty things, therefore be attached with these two, you will never stray – Book of Allah-azwj and my-saww family, the People-asws of my-saww Household’.
فقال الشيخ: لا ابالي بعد ما سمعت هذا الخبر
The sheikh said, ‘I don’t care (anymore) after what I (just) heard this news’.
ثم قال: «يا شيخ، اعلم أن قائمنا يخرج من صلب الحسن، و الحسن يخرج من صلب علي، و علي يخرج من صلب محمد، و محمد يخرج من صلب علي، و علي يخرج من صلب ابني هذا- و أشار إلى ابنه موسى (عليه السلام)- و هذا خرج من صلبي. نحن اثنا عشر، كلنا معصومون مطهرون
Then he-asws said: ‘O sheikh! Know that our-asws Qaim-asws would come out from the spine of Al-Hassan (Al-Askari-asws), and Al-Hassan (Al-Askari-asws would come out from the spine of Ali (Al-Naqi-asws), and Ali (Al-Naqi-asws) would come out from the spine of Muhammad (Taqi-asws), and Muhammad (Taqi-asws) would come out from the spine of Ali (Al-Reza-asws), and Ali (Al-Reza-asws) would come out from the spine of this son-asws of mine’ – and he-asws gestured towards his-asws son-asws Musa-asws – ‘and this one came out from my-asws spine’. We-asws are twelve, all of us-asws being infallible, purified’.
فقال الشيخ: يا سيدي، بعضكم أفضل من بعض؟ فقال: «لا، نحن في الفضل سواء، و لكن بعضنا أعلم من بعض
The sheikh said, ‘O my Master-asws! Are some of you-asws more superior than the others?’ He-asws said: ‘No. We, regarding the merits, are the same, but some of us-asws are more knowledgeable than the others’.
ثم قال: «يا شيخ، و الله لو لم يبق من الدنيا إلا يوم واحد لطول الله ذلك اليوم حتى يخرج قائمنا أهل البيت، ألا و إن شيعتنا يقعون في فتنة و حيرة في غيبته، هناك يثبت الله على هداه المخلصين، اللهم أعنهم على ذلك
Then he-asws said: ‘O sheikh! By Allah-azwj, if there does not remain from the (time) of the world except for one day, Allah-azwj would Prolong that day until our-asws Qaim-asws of the People-asws of the Household comes out. Indeed! And even if our-asws Shias were to fall into Fitna (strife) and confusion during his-asws Occultation, over there Allah-azwj would Affirm the sincere ones upon His-azwj Guidance. O Allah-azwj! Assist them upon that!’[47]
Aspects of Guidance
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثني أبي، عن حماد، عن أبي بصير، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: «المنذر: رسول (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و الهادي: أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، و بعده الأئمة (عليهم السلام)، و هو قوله: وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ أي في كل زمان إمام هدى مبين
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘My father narrated to me, from Hamad, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Warner is Rasool-Allah-saww, and the Guide is Amir Al Momineen-asws, and after him-asws the Imams-asws, and these are His-azwj Words: and for every people there is a Guide [13:7] – i.e., in every time period there is a Guiding, Clarifying Imam-asws.
فهو رد على من أنكر أن في كل عصر و زمان إماما، و أنه لا تخلو الأرض من حجة، كما قال أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام): «لا تخلو الأرض من إمام قائم بحجة الله، إمام ظاهر مشهور، و إما خائف مغمور، لئلا تبطل حجج الله و بيناته
Thus, it is a rebuttal upon the one who denies that in every time period and era there would be an Imam-asws, and that the earth would not be empty from a Divine Authority, just as Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The earth cannot be empty from an Imam-asws standing by the Proofs of Allah-azwj, whether an Imam-asws apparent, publicised, or an Imam-asws fearful, obscure, lest it invalidates an argument of Allah-azwj and His-azwj clear Proof.
و الهدى في كتاب الله على وجوه، فمنه: الأئمة (عليهم السلام)، و هو قوله: وَ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هادٍ أي إمام مبين
And the Guidance in the Book of Allah-azwj is upon (various) aspects. So, from it (it means) the Imams-asws, and these are His-azwj Words: and for every people there is a Guide [13:7] – i.e. a clarifying Imam-asws.
و منه: البيان و هو قوله تعالى: أَ وَ لَمْ يَهْدِ لَهُمْ أي يبين لهم
And from it (it means) the clarification, and these are the Words of the Exalted: Does it not guide for them [32:26], i.e., clarify to them.
و قوله تعالى: وَ أَمَّا ثَمُودُ فَهَدَيْناهُمْ أي بينا لهم، و مثله كثير
And the Words of the Exalted: And as for Samood, so We Guided them [41:17], i.e., Clarified to them, and similar to it are a lot.
و منه: الثواب، و هو قوله تعالى: وَ الَّذِينَ جاهَدُوا فِينا لَنَهْدِيَنَّهُمْ سُبُلَنا وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمَعَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ أي لنثيبنهم
And from it, is the Reward, and these are the Words of the Exalted: And those who are striving regarding Us, We will Guide them in Our Ways, and surely Allah is with the good doers [29:69], i.e. We-azwj will Reward them.
و منه: النجاة، و هو قوله تعالى: كَلَّا إِنَّ مَعِي رَبِّي سَيَهْدِينِ أي سينجيني
And from it, is the Salvation, and these are the Words of the Exalted: He said: ‘Never! Surely My Lord is with me. He will be Guiding me [26:62], i.e., Rescuing me.
و منه: الدلالة، و هو قوله تعالى: وَ أَهْدِيَكَ إِلى رَبِّكَ أي أدلك
And from it is the indicating, and these are the Words of the Exalted: And I will guide you to your Lord [79:19], i.e., indicate you’’.[48]
The argument with Muawiya and the altered Verse
فقال قيس: لقد قبض رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فاجتمعت الأنصار إلى والدي سعد ثم قالوا: (لا نبايع غير سعد). فجاءت قريش بحجة علي وأهل بيته وخاصمونا بحقه وقرابته من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله
(Suleym Bin) Qays said, ‘When the Rasool Allah-saww passed away, the Helpers gathered around my father Sa’ad, then said, ‘We will not pay allegiance to anyone other than Sa’ad’. So the Quraysh came by the argument of being from people close to his-saww Household, and disputed with us through this right, and through close relationship to the Rasool Allah-saww.
فما يعدو قريش أن يكونوا ظلموا الأنصار أو ظلموا آل محمد عليهم السلام. ولعمري ما لأحد من الأنصار ولا لقريش ولا لأحد من العرب والعجم في الخلافة حق ولا نصيب مع علي بن أبي طالب وولده من بعده
The Quraysh are nothing more than oppressors to the Helpers or oppressors to the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww. By my life, there is nothing for anyone neither from the Helpers, nor for the Quraysh, nor for any one from the Arabs and the non-Arabs in the Caliphate, any right or share along with Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws and his-asws sons-asws from after him-asws’.
فغضب معاوية وقال: يا بن سعد، عمن أخذت هذا وعمن رويته وعمن سمعته؟ أبوك أخبرك بذلك وعنه أخذته؟
Muawiya got angry and said, ‘O Ibne Sa’ad, from whom have you taken this, and from whom are you narrating it, and from whom have you heard it? Your father informed you of that and it is from him that you have taken it?’
فقال قيس: سمعته وأخذته ممن هو خير من أبي وأعظم علي حقا من أبي. قال: ومن هو؟ قال: ذاك أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب، عالم هذه الأمة وديانها وصديقها وفاروقها الذي أنزل الله فيه ما أنزل وهو قوله عز وجل: (قل كفى بالله شهيدا بيني وبينكم ومن عنده علم الكتاب)
Qays said, ‘I heard it and took it from the one who is better than my father, and has a greater right over me than my father’. He said, ‘And who is that?’ He said, ‘That is Amir-Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, the most knowledgeable one of this community, and it’s religious one, and it’s ‘Al-Siddiq’ (Truthful one), and its ‘Al-Farouq’ (Differentiator) regarding whom Allah-azwj Revealed what He-azwj Revealed, and it is the Statement of the Mighty and Majestic: Say: ‘I suffice with Allah as a Witness between me and you, and one with whom is Knowledge of the Book [13:43]’.
فقال معاوية: فإن صديقها أبو بكر وفاروقها عمر، والذي عنده علم الكتاب عبد الله بن سلام
Muawiya said, ‘It’s ‘Al-Siddique’ (truthful) one is Abu Bakr, and its Differentiator (Farouq) is Umar, and the one with whom is the knowledge of the whole of the Book, he is Abdullah Bin Salam’.
قال قيس: أحق بهذه الأسماء وأولى بها الذي أنزل الله فيه: (أفمن كان على بينة من ربه ويتلوه شاهد منه)، والذي أنزل الله جل اسمه فيه: (إنما أنت منذر ولكل قوم هاد)، والله لقد نزلت: (وعلي لكل قوم هاد)، فأسقطتم ذلك
(Suleym Bin) Qays said, ‘The one deserving of these names (titles) and the one who is the foremost for it is the one-asws for whom Allah-azwj Revealed: But rather, you are a Warner, and for every people there is a Guide [13:7]. And Allah-azwj had Revealed: and Ali-asws is a guide for every people [13:7], but you dropped that (from the compilation of the Holy Quran, Ali-asws‘s name).
والذي نصبه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله بغدير خم فقال: (من كنت أولى به من نفسه فعلي أولى به من نفسه)، وقال له رسول الله في غزوة تبوك: (أنت مني بمنزلة هارون من موسى إلا أنه لا نبي بعدي)
And the one whom the Rasool Allah-saww nominated at Ghadeer Khumm saying: ‘The one to whom I-saww was foremost to than his own self, so Ali-asws is foremost to him than his own self’, and the Rasool Allah-saww said to him-asws during the (military) expedition of Tabuk: ‘You-asws are from me-saww of the status which Haroun-as had with Musa-as except that there would be no Prophet-as after me-saww’.[49]
VERSE 8
اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ أُنْثَىٰ وَمَا تَغِيضُ الْأَرْحَامُ وَمَا تَزْدَادُ ۖ وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ عِنْدَهُ بِمِقْدَارٍ {8}
Allah Knows what every female bears, and what the wombs fall short of (completion) and what they increase; and all things are with a measure in His Presence [13:8]
عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ( عليهما السلام ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَعْلَمُ ما تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ أُنْثى وَ ما تَغِيضُ الْأَرْحامُ وَ ما تَزْدادُ قَالَ الْغَيْضُ كُلُّ حَمْلٍ دُونَ تِسْعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ وَ مَا تَزْدَادُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يَزْدَادُ عَلَى تِسْعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ فَكُلَّمَا رَأَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ الدَّمَ الْخَالِصَ فِي حَمْلِهَا فَإِنَّهَا تَزْدَادُ بِعَدَدِ الْأَيَّامِ الَّتِي رَأَتْ فِي حَمْلِهَا مِنَ الدَّمِ
From him, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from the one who mentioned it,
(It has been narrated) from one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Allah Knows what every female bears, and what the wombs fall short of (completion) and what they increase [13:8]. He-asws said: ‘The ‘fall short’ is every pregnancy which is less than nine months, and what they increase is everything which increases upon nine months. So every pure blood which the woman sees during her pregnancy, so it has increased with the number of days which she has seen from the blood during her pregnancy’.[50]
عن محمد بن مسلم، و حمران، و زرارة، عنهما (عليهما السلام) قالا: «ما تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ أُنْثى من أنثى أو ذكر وَ ما تَغِيضُ الْأَرْحامُ- قال- ما لم يكن حملا وَ ما تَزْدادُ من أنثى أو ذكر
From Muhammad Bin Muslim, and Humran, and Zurara,
‘From both of them (5th and 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘what every female bears [13:8] – from the female or male, and what the wombs fall short of, is what does not become pregnant, and what they increase [13:8], from the female or male’’.[51]
VERSE 9
عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ الْكَبِيرُ الْمُتَعَالِ {9}
The Knower of the unseen and the seen, the Great, the Most High [13:9]
ابن بابويه: قال: حدثنا أبي (رحمه الله)، قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال، عن ثعلبة بن ميمون، عن بعض أصحابنا، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) في قول الله عز و جل: عالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَ الشَّهادَةِ. فقال: «الغيب: ما لم يكن، و الشهادة: ما قد كان
Ibn Babuwayh said, ‘My father narrated to me, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Sa’albat Bin Maymoun, from one of our companions,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [13:9] The Knower of the unseen and the seen, so he-asws said: ‘The unseen – what has not happened yet; and the seen – what has already happened’.[52]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى جَمِيعاً رَفَعَاهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( عليه السلام ) اسْتَنْهَضَ النَّاسَ فِي حَرْبِ مُعَاوِيَةَ فِي الْمَرَّةِ الثَّانِيَةِ فَلَمَّا حَشَدَ النَّاسُ قَامَ خَطِيباً فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الْوَاحِدِ الْأَحَدِ الصَّمَدِ الْمُتَفَرِّدِ الَّذِي لَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ كَانَ وَ لَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ خَلَقَ مَا كَانَ قُدْرَةٌ بَانَ بِهَا مِنَ الْأَشْيَاءِ وَ بَانَتِ الْأَشْيَاءُ مِنْهُ
Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah and Muhammad Bin Yahya altogether,
(It has been narrated) raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws that Amir Al-Momineen-asws mobilised the people regarding battling against Muawiya for the second time. So when the people assembled, he-asws stood to address, and he-asws said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj the One, the First, the Samad, the Individual Who was neither from a thing nor created from a thing. He-azwj Created what was Determined distinct from the things, and the things are distinct from Him-azwj.
فَلَيْسَتْ لَهُ صِفَةٌ تُنَالُ وَ لَا حَدٌّ تُضْرَبُ لَهُ فِيهِ الْأَمْثَالُ كَلَّ دُونَ صِفَاتِهِ تَحْبِيرُ اللُّغَاتِ وَ ضَلَّ هُنَاكَ تَصَارِيفُ الصِّفَاتِ وَ حَارَ فِي مَلَكُوتِهِ عَمِيقَاتُ مَذَاهِبِ التَّفْكِيرِ وَ انْقَطَعَ دُونَ الرُّسُوخِ فِي عِلْمِهِ جَوَامِعُ التَّفْسِيرِ وَ حَالَ دُونَ غَيْبِهِ الْمَكْنُونِ حُجُبٌ مِنَ الْغُيُوبِ تَاهَتْ فِي أَدْنَى أَدَانِيهَا طَامِحَاتُ الْعُقُولِ فِي لَطِيفَاتِ الْأُمُورِ
There isn’t an attribute for Him-azwj you can attain Him-azwj with, nor a limit wherein you can strike examples for Him-azwj. All are below His-azwj Attributes by the composition of the languages, and over there strayed the declensions of the attributes, with regards to His-azwj Kingdom, the profundities of the doctrines and thoughts are confused, and the comprehensive of the interpretation get cut short before the firmness with regards to His-azwj Knowledge, and the barriers of the unseen prevented the concealed (Secrets). The intellects got lost with regards to the lowest of the low of the subtleties of the matters.
لَمْ يَعْزُبْ عَنْهُ خَفِيَّاتُ غُيُوبِ الْهَوَاءِ وَ لَا غَوَامِضُ مَكْنُونِ ظُلَمِ الدُّجَى وَ لَا مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ الْعُلَى إِلَى الْأَرَضِينَ السُّفْلَى
They do not escape from Him-azwj, the unseen secrets of the atmosphere, nor the inner-most mysteries of the dark obscurities, nor whatever is in the high skies to the lowest firmaments.
وَ كُلُّ عَالِمٍ فَمِنْ بَعْدِ جَهْلٍ تَعَلَّمَ وَ اللَّهُ لَمْ يَجْهَلْ وَ لَمْ يَتَعَلَّمْ أَحَاطَ بِالْأَشْيَاءِ عِلْماً قَبْلَ كَوْنِهَا فَلَمْ يَزْدَدَ بِكَوْنِهَا عِلْماً عِلْمُهُ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَوِّنَهَا كَعِلْمِهِ بَعْدَ تَكْوِينِهَا
And every knower, so he learns from after ignorance but Allah-azwj was not ignorant and did not learn. He-azwj Comprehended the things in Knowledge before their coming into being. So the knowledge of their coming into being did not increase the Knowledge. His-azwj Knowledge of these before their coming into being is the same as His-azwj Knowledge after their coming into being.
بِذَلِكَ أَصِفُ رَبِّي فَلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ مِنْ عَظِيمٍ مَا أَعْظَمَهُ وَ مِنْ جَلِيلٍ مَا أَجَلَّهُ وَ مِنْ عَزِيزٍ مَا أَعَزَّهُ وَ تَعَالَى عَمَّا يَقُولُ الظَّالِمُونَ عُلُوّاً كَبِيراً
With that, I-asws describe my-asws Lord-azwj. So there is no god except Allah-azwj, more Magnificent than what He-azwj is magnified by, and more Majestic than what He-azwj is Glorified by, and Mightier than what I Revere Him-azwj as, and Exalted is He-azwj from what the unjust ones are saying, the Loftier, the Greater’.[53]
VERSE 10
سَوَاءٌ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ أَسَرَّ الْقَوْلَ وَمَنْ جَهَرَ بِهِ وَمَنْ هُوَ مُسْتَخْفٍ بِاللَّيْلِ وَسَارِبٌ بِالنَّهَارِ {10}
Equal from you is the one who kept (his) words a secret and the one who is aloud with it, and the one who hides at night and is visible at daytime [13:10]
قال علي بن إبراهيم: و في رواية أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام) في قوله تعالى: سَواءٌ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ أَسَرَّ الْقَوْلَ وَ مَنْ جَهَرَ بِهِ، قال: «فالسر و العلانية عنده سواء
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: Equal from you is the one who kept (his) words a secret and the one who is aloud with it [13:10]. He-asws said: ‘Thus, the secret, and the openness are equal in His-azwj Presence’.[54]
VERSE 11
لَهُ مُعَقِّبَاتٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ يَحْفَظُونَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُغَيِّرُ مَا بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّىٰ يُغَيِّرُوا مَا بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ ۗ وَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ سُوءًا فَلَا مَرَدَّ لَهُ ۚ وَمَا لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ مِنْ وَالٍ {11}
For him are successive Angels in front of him and behind him, who guard him by Allah’s Command. Surely Allah does not Change what is with a people until they change what is with themselves. And whenever Allah Intends Punishment for a people, then there is no repeller for it, and there is no guardian for them from besides Him [13:11]
The guardian Angels
قال: و في رواية أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام) في قوله: لَهُ مُعَقِّباتٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ يَحْفَظُونَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ. يقول: «بأمر الله، من أن يقع في ركي، أو يقع عليه حائط، أو يصيبه شيء حتى إذا جاء القدر، خلوا بينه و بينه، يدفعونه إلى المقادير، و هما ملكان يحفظانه بالليل، و ملكان بالنهار يتعاقبانه
He (Ali Bin Ibrahim) said, ‘And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: For him are successive Angels in front of him and behind him, who guard him by Allah’s Command [13:11], he-asws was saying: ‘By the Command of Allah-azwj, the one who falls down into a well, or a wall falls down upon him, or something afflicts him, until when the Pre-determined (Ordained matter) comes, they leave him alone with it, handing him over to the Ordained matters. And they are two Angels guarding him by the night, and two Angels by the day watching out for him’.[55]
[ الكليني ] محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الوشاء، عن عبد الله بن سنان، عن أبي حمزة، عن سعيد بن قيس الهمداني قال: نظرت يوما في الحرب إلى رجل عليه ثوبان فحركت فرسي فإذا هو أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) فقلت: يا أمير المؤمنين في مثل هذا الموضع ؟ فقال: نعم يا سعيد بن قيس إنه ليس من عبد إلا وله من الله حافظ وواقية، معه ملكان يحفظانه من أن يسقط من رأس جبل أو يقع في بئر، فإذا نزل القضاء خليا بينه وبين كل شئ
Al Kulayni – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Washa, from Abdullah Bin Sinan, from Abu Hamza, from Saeed Bin Qays Al Hamdany who said,
‘One day, I looked among the (present at) battlefield (and spotted) a man upon him were two clothes. My horse moved, and there was Amir Al-Momineen-asws. So I said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! You-asws are (dressed) like this in this place (battlefield)?’ So he-asws said: ‘O Saeed Bin Qays! There is none from a servant except that there is for him, from Allah-azwj, a protector and a watcher, two Angels guarding him, lest he were to fall from the top of a mountain or falls down into a well. So when the Ordained matter comes, they leave him alone with everything.[56]
Changing the conditions of a people – a sermon
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْأَحْوَلِ عَنْ سَلَّامِ بْنِ الْمُسْتَنِيرِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عليه السلام) قَالَ قَالَ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عليه السلام) لَمَّا انْقَضَتِ الْقِصَّةُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ طَلْحَةَ وَ الزُّبَيْرِ وَ عَائِشَةَ بِالْبَصْرَةِ صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (عليه السلام) ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ الدُّنْيَا حُلْوَةٌ خَضِرَةٌ تَفْتِنُ النَّاسَ بِالشَّهَوَاتِ وَ تُزَيِّنُ لَهُمْ بِعَاجِلِهَا
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Muhammad Bin Al-No’man Abu Ja’far Al-Ahowl, from salaam Bin Al-Mustaneer, who has said the following:
Abu Ja’far-asws having said that: ‘Amir-Al-Momineen-asws, when the story in between him-asws and Talha, and Al-Zubeyr, and Ayesha concluded at Al-Basra, he-asws ascended the Pulpit. So he-asws praised Allah-azwj and extolled Him-azwj, and sent greetings upon the Rasool Allahaw, then said: ‘O you people! The world is sweet and green, enchanting the people by the desires, and adorning them with its current affairs.
وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا لَتَغُرُّ مَنْ أَمَّلَهَا وَ تُخْلِفُ مَنْ رَجَاهَا وَ سَتُورِثُ أَقْوَاماً النَّدَامَةَ وَ الْحَسْرَةَ بِإِقْبَالِهِمْ عَلَيْهَا وَ تَنَافُسِهِمْ فِيهَا وَ حَسَدِهِمْ وَ بَغْيِهِمْ عَلَى أَهْلِ الدِّينِ وَ الْفَضْلِ فِيهَا ظُلْماً وَ عُدْوَاناً وَ بَغْياً وَ أَشَراً وَ بَطَراً
And I-asws swear by Allah-azwj that it deceives the one who hopes in it, and breaks the one who wishes for it, and there are people who would be inheriting the regret and the sorrow by advancing towards it and competing with regards to it, by their jealousies and their rebellion against the people of the religion. And they achieve preferences in it by injustice, and animosity, and rebellion, and ungratefulness.
وَ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ مَا عَاشَ قَوْمٌ قَطُّ فِي غَضَارَةٍ مِنْ كَرَامَةِ نِعَمِ اللَّهِ فِي مَعَاشِ دُنْيَا وَ لَا دَائِمِ تَقْوَى فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَ الشُّكْرِ لِنِعَمِهِ فَأَزَالَ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُمْ إِلَّا مِنْ بَعْدِ تَغْيِيرٍ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ تَحْوِيلٍ عَنْ طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَ الْحَادِثِ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِمْ وَ قِلَّةِ مُحَافَظَةٍ وَ تَرْكِ مُرَاقَبَةِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ وَ تَهَاوُنٍ بِشُكْرِ نِعْمَةِ اللَّهِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ فِي مُحْكَمِ كِتَابِهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُغَيِّرُ ما بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّى يُغَيِّرُوا ما بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ إِذا أَرادَ اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ سُوْءاً فَلا مَرَدَّ لَهُ وَ ما لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ مِنْ والٍ
By Allah-azwj! No people lived in the honour and dignity of the Bounties of Allah-azwj in the life of the world, nor everlasting piety in obedience to Allah-azwj and the appreciation for His-azwj Bounties, and all that declined from them except after they had changed themselves and diverted from the obedience to Allah-azwj, and committed their sins were hardly vigilant, and ignored the Surveillance of Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty, and being complacent of appreciation for the Bounties of Allah-azwj, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying in the Decisive (Verses) of His-azwj Book that: Surely Allah does not Change what is with a people until they change what is with themselves. And whenever Allah Intends Punishment for a people, then there is no repeller for it, and there is no guardian for them from besides Him [13:11].
وَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْمَعَاصِي وَ كَسَبَةَ الذُّنُوبِ إِذَا هُمْ حَذِرُوا زَوَالَ نِعَمِ اللَّهِ وَ حُلُولَ نَقِمَتِهِ وَ تَحْوِيلَ عَافِيَتِهِ أَيْقَنُوا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ فَأَقْلَعُوا وَ تَابُوا وَ فَزِعُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ بِصِدْقٍ مِنْ نِيَّاتِهِمْ وَ إِقْرَارٍ مِنْهُمْ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ وَ إِسَاءَتِهِمْ لَصَفَحَ لَهُمْ عَنْ كُلِّ ذَنْبٍ وَ إِذاً لَأَقَالَهُمْ كُلَّ عَثْرَةٍ وَ لَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ كُلَّ كَرَامَةِ نِعْمَةٍ ثُمَّ أَعَادَ لَهُمْ مِنْ صَلَاحِ أَمْرِهِمْ وَ مِمَّا كَانَ أَنْعَمَ بِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ كُلَّ مَا زَالَ عَنْهُمْ وَ أُفْسِدَ عَلَيْهِمْ
And had the people of the disobedience, and the accumulators of the sins been cautious of the decline of the Bounties of Allah-azwj (for them) and their replacement by His-azwj Anger and the changing of their health, been convinced that it is from Allah-azwj for what their own hands have accumulated, they would have changed, and repented, and panicked to Allah-azwj by the sincerity of their intentions, and acknowledgement of their sins and their offences, He-azwj would Forgive all the sins and Overlook all the faults, and Return to them all the Prestigious Bounties. Then He-azwj would Correct their affairs, and from all that He-azwj had Favoured them by which had declined from them and had been spoilt.
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِ وَ اسْتَشْعِرُوا خَوْفَ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ وَ أَخْلِصُوا الْيَقِينَ وَ تُوبُوا إِلَيْهِ مِنْ قَبِيحِ مَا اسْتَفَزَّكُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنْ قِتَالِ وَلِيِّ الْأَمْرِ وَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) وَ مَا تَعَاوَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ تَفْرِيقِ الْجَمَاعَةِ وَ تَشَتُّتِ الْأَمْرِ وَ فَسَادِ صَلَاحِ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ وَ يَعْفُو عَنِ السَّيِّئَاتِ وَ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَفْعَلُونَ
Fear Allah-azwj, O you people, with the rightful fear, and feel the fear of Allah-azwj and be convinced with sincerity, and repent to Him-azwj from the ugliness of what the Satan-la has enticed you with of the fighting against the Master-asws of the Command (Wali Al-Amr) and the People-asws of the Knowledge after the Rasool Allahaw and do not co-operate with those who create differences in the group, and disperse the affairs, and spoil the relationships. Allah-azwj Accept the repentance and Excuses the sins, and He-azwj Knows what you are doing’.[57]
The people have to change their life-styles first
ابن بابويه، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن الحسن القطان، قال حدثنا أحمد بن يحيى بن زكريا القطان، قال: حدثنا بكر بن عبد الله بن حبيب، قال: حدثنا تميم بن بهلول، عن أبيه، عن عبد الله بن الفضل، عن أبيه، قال: سمعت أبا خالد الكابلي يقول: سمعت زين العابدين علي بن الحسين (عليهما السلام) يقول: «الذنوب التي تغير النعم: البغي على الناس، و الزوال عن العادة في الخير و اصطناع المعروف، و كفران النعم، و ترك الشكر، قال الله عز و جل: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُغَيِّرُ ما بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّى يُغَيِّرُوا ما بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ
Ibn Babuwayh said, ‘Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qataan narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Zakariyya Al Qataan, from Bakr Bin Abdullah Bin Habeeb, from Tameem Bin Bahloul, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Fazal. From his father who said,
‘I heard Abu Khalid Al-Kalby saying that he heard Zayn Al-Abideen Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws saying: ‘The sins which change the Bounties (of Allah-azwj) – the rebellion against the people, and the vanishing of the good habits and the, and the Kufr of the Bounties, and the leaving the thanks (appreciation). Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: Surely Allah does not Change what is with a people until they change what is with themselves [13:11]’.[58]
عن أبي عمرو المدائني، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: «إن أبي كان يقول: إن الله قضى قضاء حتما لا ينعم على عبد بنعمة فيسلبها إياه قبل أن يحدث العبد ذنبا يستوجب بذلك الذنب سلب تلك النعمة، و ذلك قول الله: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُغَيِّرُ ما بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّى يُغَيِّرُوا ما بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ
From Abu Amro Al Madainy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws was saying: ‘Allah-azwj Judges an Ordained Judgment. He-azwj does not Favour a servant with a Bounty, then Confiscates it before the servant commits a new sins Obligating the Confiscation of that Bounty. And these are the Words of Allah-azwj: Surely Allah does not Change what is with a people until they change what is with themselves [13:11]’.[59]
عن الحسين بن سعيد المكفوف، كتب إليه (عليه السلام) في كتاب له: جعلت فداك، يا سيدي، علم مولاك ما لا يقبل لقائله دعوة، و ما لا يؤخر لفاعله دعوة، و ما حد الاستغفار الذي وعد عليه نوح، و الاستغفار الذي لا يعذب قائله، و كيف يلفظ بهما؟
From Al Husayn Bin Saeed Al Makfouf,
‘He wrote to him-asws in a letter of his, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! O my Master-asws! Teach your slave what would make a supplication not to be Accepted for its speaker, and what would delay a supplication (to be Answered) for its doer, and what is the limit of the Forgiveness which Noah-as was Promised upon, and the Forgiveness which its speaker would not be Punished, and how to word with these two?
و معنى قوله: وَ مَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ مَنْ يَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ و قوله: فَمَنِ اتَّبَعَ هُدايَ، وَ مَنْ أَعْرَضَ عَنْ ذِكْرِي و إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُغَيِّرُ ما بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّى يُغَيِّرُوا ما بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ؟ و كيف يغير القوم ما بأنفسهم؟
And the meaning of His-azwj Words: and the one who relies upon Allah [8:49], and His-azwj Words: then the one who follows Guidance [20:123] And the one who turns away from My Remembrance [20:124], and Surely Allah does not Change what is with a people until they change what is with themselves [13:11]? And how would the people change what is with them?’
فكتب (صلوات الله عليه): «كافأكم الله عني بتضعيف الثواب، و الجزاء الحسن الجميل، و عليكم جميعا السلام و رحمة الله و بركاته، الاستغفار ألف، و التوكل: من توكل على الله فهو حسبه، و من يتق الله يجعل له مخرجا و يرزقه من حيث لا يحتسب
He-asws wrote: ‘May Allah-azwj suffice you from me with Multiplication of the Rewards and the goodly Recompense, beautiful, and upon you all be the greetings and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings. The Forgiveness is a treasure. One who relies upon Allah-azwj, so He-azwj would Suffice him, and one who fears Allah, He-azwj would Make a way out for him and Sustain him from where he did not reckon with.
و أما قوله: فَمَنِ اتَّبَعَ هُدايَ أي من قال بالأئمة و اتبع أمرهم بحسن طاعتهم، و أما التغير فإنه لا يسيء إليهم حتى يتولوا ذلك بأنفسهم بخطاياهم، و ارتكابهم ما نهى عنه» و كتب بخطه
And as for His-azwj Words: then the one who follows Guidance [20:123], i.e., one who says (believes) in the Imams-asws and follows their-asws orders with excellent obedience to them-asws. And as for the changing, so it would not arrive to them until they turn around (back) by themselves from their sins and their indulgence is what He-azwj has Forbidden from’’.[60]
A rebuttal to the Qadiriyya beliefs
عبد الله بن جعفر الحميري: عن أحمد بن محمد، عن أحمد بن محمد بن أبي نصر، قال: سمعته- يعني الرضا (عليه السلام)- يقول، في قول الله تبارك و تعالى: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُغَيِّرُ ما بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّى يُغَيِّرُوا ما بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ إِذا أَرادَ اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ سُوْءاً فَلا مَرَدَّ لَهُ
Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr who said,
‘I heard him-asws – meaning Al-Reza-asws – saying regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: Surely Allah does not Change what is with a people until they change what is with themselves. And whenever Allah Intends evil with a people, then there is no repeller for it [13:11].
فقال: «إن القدرية يحتجون بأولها، و ليس كما يقولون، ألا ترى أن الله تعالى يقول: وَ إِذا أَرادَ اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ سُوْءاً فَلا مَرَدَّ لَهُ و قال نوح: وَ لا يَنْفَعُكُمْ نُصْحِي إِنْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَنْصَحَ لَكُمْ إِنْ كانَ اللَّهُ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُغْوِيَكُمْ» – قال- الأمر إلى الله يهدي من يشاء
He-asws said: ‘The Qadiriyya are arguing from their beginning, and it is not as they are saying it to be. Have you not seen that Allah-azwj is Saying: And whenever Allah Intends evil with a people, then there is no repeller for it [13:11]? And Noah-as said: And my advice will not benefit you if I intend to advise you and Allah Intends to Let you stray [11:34]. The Matter is for Allah-azwj. He-azwj Guides whomsoever He-azwj so Desires to’.[61]
A miracle by the 7th Imam-asws
العياشي: عن سليمان بن عبد الله، قال: كنت عند أبي الحسن موسى (عليه السلام) قاعدا، فأتي بامرأة قد صار وجهها قفاها، فوضع يده اليمنى في جبينها، و يده اليسرى من خلف ذلك، ثم عصر وجهها عن اليمين، ثم قال: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُغَيِّرُ ما بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّى يُغَيِّرُوا ما بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ فرجع وجهها، و قال: «احذري أن تفعلي كما فعلت
Al Ayyashi, from Suleyman Bin Abdullah who said,
‘I was seated in the presence of Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws, and a woman came over. Her face had become reversed. So he-asws placed his-asws right hand on her forehead and his-asws left hand from behind that, then restored her head from the right. Then he-asws said: ‘Surely Allah does not Change what is with a people until they change what is with themselves [13:11]. So her face returned (to what is should have been), and he-asws said: ‘Be cautious of doing as she did’.
فقالوا: يا بن رسول الله، و ما فعلت؟ فقال: «ذلك مستور إلا أن تتكلم به» فسألوها، فقالت: كانت لي ضرة، فقمت اصلي، فظننت أن زوجي معها، فالتفت إليها فرأيتها قاعدة و ليس هو معها. فرجع وجهها على ما كان
They (people) said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! And what did she do?’ He-asws said: ‘That is the veiled unless she speaks with it’. So they asked her, and she said, ‘There was another wife for my husband. So I stood up to pray Salat and I thought that my husband was with her. But (when) I turned towards her, I saw her seated and he wasn’t with her’. Thus, her face returned upon what it had (for suspicious checking)’.[62]
The Altered Verse
علي بن إبراهيم: إنها قرئت عند أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) فقال لقارئها: «أ لستم عربا، فكيف تكون المعقبات من بين يديه؟! و إنما المعقب من خلفه
Ali Bin Ibrahim said –
It was Recited in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws, so he-asws said to its reciter: ‘Are you all not Arabs? So how can there be the successive Angels in front of him? But rather, the successive Angels would be behind him-saww’.
فقال الرجل: جعلت فداك، كيف هذا؟ فقال: «إنما نزلت (له معقبات من خلفه و رقيب من بين يديه يحفظونه بأمر الله) و من ذا الذي يقدر أن يحفظ الشيء من أمر الله؟ و هم الملائكة الموكلون بالناس
The man said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, how is this?’ He-asws said: ‘But rather, it was Revealed as: For him are successive Angels from behind him, and there is a watchman in front of him, protecting him by the Command of Allah [13:11]. And who has the ability for anything against the one who is guarded by Allah-azwj’s Command? And they are the Angels allocated with the people’.[63]
VERSE 12
هُوَ الَّذِي يُرِيكُمُ الْبَرْقَ خَوْفًا وَطَمَعًا وَيُنْشِئُ السَّحَابَ الثِّقَالَ {12}
He is the One Who Shows you the lightning Causing fear and hope and Raises the heavy cloud [13:12]
ابن بابويه، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن الحسن القطان، و محمد بن بكران النقاش، و محمد بن إبراهيم ابن إسحاق الطالقاني (رضي الله عنهم)، قالوا: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن سعيد الهمداني، قال: أخبرنا علي بن الحسن بن فضال، عن أبيه، قال: قال الرضا (عليه السلام) في قوله تعالى: هُوَ الَّذِي يُرِيكُمُ الْبَرْقَ خَوْفاً وَ طَمَعاً. قال (عليه السلام): خوفا للمسافر، و طمعا للمقي
Ibn Babuwayh said, ‘Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qatan narrated to us, and Muhammad Bin Bakran Al Naqash, and Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Ibn Is’haq Al Talaqany, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazaal, from his father who said,
‘Al-Reza-asws said regarding the Words of the Exalted: He is the One Who Shows you the lightning Causing fear and hope [13:12]. He-asws said: ‘The fear for the traveller, and the hope for the resident (that it might rain)’.[64]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (عليه السلام) قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ (عليه السلام) يَقُومُ فِي الْمَطَرِ أَوَّلَ مَا يَمْطُرُ حَتَّى يَبْتَلَّ رَأْسُهُ وَ لِحْيَتُهُ وَ ثِيَابُهُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْكِنَّ الْكِنَّ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا مَاءٌ قَرِيبُ عَهْدٍ بِالْعَرْشِ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Haroun Bin Muslim, from Mas’ada Bin Sadaqa, who has said:
Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws used to stand in the first downpour when it rained, to the extent that his-asws head, and his-asws beard, and his-asws clothes would get wet. So, it was said to him-asws, ‘O Amir-ul-Momineen-asws! Take shelter, take shelter!’ He-asws would say: ‘This is water from near the Throne’.
ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يُحَدِّثُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ تَحْتَ الْعَرْشِ بَحْراً فِيهِ مَاءٌ يُنْبِتُ أَرْزَاقَ الْحَيَوَانَاتِ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ أَنْ يُنْبِتَ بِهِ مَا يَشَاءُ لَهُمْ رَحْمَةً مِنْهُ لَهُمْ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فَمَطَرَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْ سَمَاءٍ إِلَى سَمَاءٍ حَتَّى يَصِيرَ إِلَى سَمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فِيمَا أَظُنُّ فَيُلْقِيَهُ إِلَى السَّحَابِ وَ السَّحَابُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْغِرْبَالِ ثُمَّ يُوحِي اللَّهُ إِلَى الرِّيحِ أَنِ اطْحَنِيهِ وَ أَذِيبِيهِ ذَوَبَانَ الْمَاءِ ثُمَّ انْطَلِقِي بِهِ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَامْطُرِي عَلَيْهِمْ فَيَكُونَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا عُبَاباً وَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ
Then he-asws went on to narrate: ‘Underneath the Throne there is an ocean in which there is water which makes the sustenance of the animals to grow. So if Allah-azwj Intends that He-azwj should Make to grow whatever that He-azwj so Desires to for them as a Mercy for them, Allah-azwj Reveals to it. Then it rains from sky to sky until it comes to the sky of the world to the clouds. And the clouds are at the status of the sieve. Then Allah-azwj Reveals to the wind to grind it and melt it, dissolving the water. Then it takes it to such and such a place and pours upon it. So that becomes such and such a torrent and other than that.
فَتَقْطُرُ عَلَيْهِمْ عَلَى النَّحْوِ الَّذِي يَأْمُرُهَا بِهِ فَلَيْسَ مِنْ قَطْرَةٍ تَقْطُرُ إِلَّا وَ مَعَهَا مَلَكٌ حَتَّى يَضَعَهَا مَوْضِعَهَا وَ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ قَطْرَةٌ مِنْ مَطَرٍ إِلَّا بِعَدَدٍ مَعْدُودٍ وَ وَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ مِنْ يَوْمِ الطُّوفَانِ عَلَى عَهْدِ نُوحٍ (عليه السلام) فَإِنَّهُ نَزَلَ مَاءٌ مُنْهَمِرٌ بِلَا وَزْنٍ وَ لَا عَدَدٍ قَالَ
Thus, it rains upon the area which it had been Commanded to. There is no drop from the drops except that there is an Angel with it until he places it in a particular place. There does not descend a drop from the sky except that it is numbered precisely and is of a known weight, except when it was the day of the storm in the era of Noah-as, on that day it poured without measurement or number’.
وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (عليه السلام) قَالَ قَالَ لِيَ أَبِي (عليه السلام) قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عليه السلام) قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَعَلَ السَّحَابَ غَرَابِيلَ لِلْمَطَرِ هِيَ تُذِيبُ الْبَرَدَ حَتَّى يَصِيرَ مَاءً لِكَيْ لَا يُضِرَّ بِهِ شَيْئاً يُصِيبُهُ الَّذِي تَرَوْنَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْبَرَدِ وَ الصَّوَاعِقِ نَقِمَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُصِيبُ بِهَا مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ
And Abu Abdullah-asws narrated to me saying: ‘My-asws father said to me-asws, that Amir-Al-Momineen-asws said, that the Rasool Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Made the cloud to be as a sieve for the rain, and the sleet melts until it becomes water, not harming anything by it. The harm is what you see from the sleet and the lightning as a Wrath from Allah-azwj Harming whosoever He-azwj so desires from His-azwj servants’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) لَا تُشِيرُوا إِلَى الْمَطَرِ وَ لَا إِلَى الْهِلَالِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَكْرَهُ ذَلِكَ
Then he-asws said: ‘Then the Rasool Allah-saww said: ‘Do not point (finger of accusation at) the rain or the crescent, for Allah-azwj Abhors that’.[65]
VERSE 13
وَيُسَبِّحُ الرَّعْدُ بِحَمْدِهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ مِنْ خِيفَتِهِ وَيُرْسِلُ الصَّوَاعِقَ فَيُصِيبُ بِهَا مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَهُمْ يُجَادِلُونَ فِي اللَّهِ وَهُوَ شَدِيدُ الْمِحَالِ {13}
And the thunder Glorifies with His Praise, and (so do) the Angels from His Awe, and He Sends the thunderbolts, so He Hits with these the ones He so Desires to, and they are disputing regarding Allah and He is Mighty in Strength [13:13]
The thunder
عن أبي بصير، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: سألته عن الرعد، أي شيء يقول؟ قال: «إنه بمنزلة الرجل يكون في الإبل فيزجرها، هاي هاي، كهيئة ذلك». قلت: فما البرق؟ قال لي: «تلك من مخاريق الملائكة، تضرب السحاب فتسوقه إلى الموضع الذي قضى الله فيه المطر
From Abu Baseer,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws ‘I asked him-asws about the thunder, which thing is it saying?’ He-asws said: ‘It is at the status of the man who happens to be among the camels, so he ushers them (by saying) ‘Hayy! Hayy! It is like that’. I said, ‘So what is the lightning?’ He-asws said to me: ‘That is from the instruments of the Angels, striking the clouds by these, so the cloud gets ushered to the place which Allah-azwj has Ordained for it to be rained therein’.[66]
العياشي: عن يونس بن عبد الرحمن، أن داود قال: كنا عنده فأرعدت السماء، فقال هو: سبحان من يسبح له الرعد بحمده و الملائكة من خيفت
Al Ayashi, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman that Dawood said,
‘We were in his-asws presence, and the sky rumbled (with thunder). So he-asws said: ‘Glory be to the One for Whom the thunder Glorifies with His Praise, and (so do) the Angels from His Awe [13:13]’.
فقال له أبو بصير: جعلت فداك، إن للرعد كلاما؟ فقال: «يا أبا محمد، سل عما يعنيك، و دع ما لا يعنيك
Abu Baseer said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! The thunder speaks?’ So he-asws said: ‘O Abu Muhammad! Ask about what concerns (meaningful for) you, and leave what does not concern (meaningless for) you’.[67]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ الرَّعْدَ صَوْتُ مَلَكٍ أَكْبَرَ مِنَ الذُّبَابِ وَ أَصْغَرَ مِنَ الزُّنْبُورِ فَيَنْبَغِي لِمَنْ سَمِعَ صَوْتَ الرَّعْدِ أَنْ يَقُولَ سُبْحَانَ مَنْ يُسَبِّحُ الرَّعْدُ بِحَمْدِهِ وَ الْمَلائِكَةُ مِنْ خِيفَتِهِ
And it is reported that the thunder is a voice of an Angel larger than the fly and smaller than the wasp, therefore it is befitting for the one who hears the sound of thunder that he should be saying: Glorified is He-azwj the One the thunder Glorifies with His Praise, and (so do) the Angels from His Awe [13:13]’.[68]
The Momin is safe from the thunderbolt
و عنه: عن محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن محمد بن إسماعيل، عن محمد ابن الفضيل، عن أبي الصباح الكناني، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: يموت المؤمن بكل ميتة إلا الصاعقة، لا تأخذه و هو يذكر الله عز و ج
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Ibn Al Fazeyl, from Abu Al Sabah Al Kanany,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Momin dies by every (type of) death except for the thunderbolt. It does not seize him while he is remembering (doing Zikr of) Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.[69]
و عنه: عن علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن ابن أبي عمير، عن ابن أذينة، عن بريد بن معاوية العجلي، قال: قال أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): «إن الصواعق لا تصيب ذاكرا» قال: قلت: و ما الذاكر؟ قال: «من قرأ مائة آية».
And from him, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Azina Bin Muawiya Al Ajaly who said,
‘Surely, the thunderbolt does not afflict a rememberer of Allah-azwj (Al Zakir)’. I said, And what is the rememberer?’ He-asws said: ‘The one who recites one hundred Verses (of the Quran)’.[70]
The Kafirs get hit by the thunderbolt
الشيخ في (الأمالي)، قال: أخبرنا جماعة، عن أبي المفضل، قال: حدثنا نصر بن القاسم بن نصر أبو ليث الفرائضي، و عمرو بن أبي حسان الزيادي، قال: حدثنا إسحاق بن أبي إسرائيل، قال: حدثنا ديلم بن غزوان العبدي، و علي بن أبي سارة الشيباني، قالا: حدثنا ثابت البناني، عن أنس بن مالك، أن رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) بعث رجلا إلى فرعون من فراعنة العرب يدعوه إلى الله عز و جل، فقال لرسول النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله): أخبرني عن هذا الذي تدعوني إليه، أمن فضة هو، أم من ذهب، أم من حديد؟ فرجع إلى النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و أخبره بقوله، فقال النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله): «ارجع إليه فادعه»، قال: يا نبي الله، إنه أعتى من ذلك. قال: إرجع إليه
Al Sheykh, in Amaaly, said, ‘A group informed us, from Abu Al Mufazzal, from Nasr Bin Al Qasim Bin Nasr Abu Lays Al Fara’izy, and Amro Bin Abu Hasaan Al zayaady, from Is’haq Bin Abu Israil, from Daylam Bin Gazwan Al Abdy, from Ali in Abu Sarat Al Shaybani, from Sabit Al Banany,
(It has been narrated) from Anas Bin Malik who said, ‘Rasool-Allah-azwj sent a man to a Pharaoh from the Pharaohs of the Arabs inviting him to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. So he replied to Rasool-Allah-saww saying, ‘Inform me about this which you-saww are inviting me to. Is it gold, or silver, or iron?’ So he returned to the Prophet-saww and informed him-saww of his words. So the Prophet-saww said: ‘Return to him, and invite him’. He said, ‘O Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj! He is stronger (more resistant) than that’. He-saww said: ‘Return to him!’
فرجع إليه، فقال كقوله، فبينا هو يكلمه إذ رعدت سحابة رعدة فألقت على رأسه صاعقة ذهبت بقحف رأسه، فأنزل الله جل ثناؤه: وَ يُرْسِلُ الصَّواعِقَ فَيُصِيبُ بِها مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ هُمْ يُجادِلُونَ فِي اللَّهِ وَ هُوَ شَدِيدُ الْمِحالِ
He returned to him, and said to him of his-saww words. So whilst he was speaking to him, when a cloud thundered with a thunder, and a thunderbolt fell down upon his head, and his head wasted away (disintegrated). Therefore, Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Praise Revealed: and He Sends the thunderbolts, so He Hits with these the ones He so Desires to, and they are disputing regarding Allah and He is Mighty in Strength [13:13]’.[71]
The hypocrites are scared of thunder
قَالَ الْإِمَامُ ع ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَثَلًا آخَرَ لِلْمُنَافِقِينَ [فَقَالَ]: مَثَلُ مَا خُوطِبُوا بِهِ مِنْ هَذَا الْقُرْآنِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ، مُشْتَمِلًا عَلَى بَيَانِ تَوْحِيدِي، وَ إِيضَاحِ حُجَّةِ نُبُوَّتِكَ، وَ الدَّلِيلِ الْبَاهِرِ الْقَاهِرِ عَلَى اسْتِحْقَاقِ أَخِيكَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع لِلْمَوْقِفِ الَّذِي وَقَفْتَهُ، وَ الْمَحَلِّ الَّذِي أَحْلَلْتَهُ، وَ الرُّتْبَةِ الَّتِي رَفَعْتَهُ إِلَيْهَا، وَ السِّيَاسَةِ الَّتِي قَلَّدْتَهُ إِيَّاهَا- فَهِيَ «كَصَيِّبٍ مِنَ السَّماءِ فِيهِ ظُلُماتٌ وَ رَعْدٌ وَ بَرْقٌ
The Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘Then Allah-azwj Struck another example of the hypocrites, so He-azwj Said: “An example of what they are being Addressed with from this Quran which We-azwj Revealed unto you-saww, O Muhammad-saww, is all-inclusive upon the explanation of My-azwj Tawheed (Oneness), and the clarification of the proof of your-saww Prophet-hood, and the dazzling, compelling evidence upon the entitlement of your-saww brother Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws of the place which has stood and the position which has been placed for him-asws, and the rage which he-asws has been raised against (kafirs), and the politics which he-saww collared him-asws, so it is: Or like rainstorm from the sky wherein is darkness and thunder and lightning [2:19].
قَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ كَمَا أَنَّ فِي هَذَا الْمَطَرِ هَذِهِ الْأَشْيَاءَ، وَ مَنِ ابْتَلَى بِهِ خَافَ، فَكَذَلِكَ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي رَدِّهِمْ لِبَيْعَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع، وَ خَوْفِهِمْ أَنْ تَعْثُرَ أَنْتَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ عَلَى نِفَاقِهِمْ- كَمَنْ هُوَ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا الْمَطَرِ وَ الرَّعْدِ وَ الْبَرْقِ، يَخَافُ أَنْ يَخْلَعَ الرَّعْدُ فُؤَادَهُ، أَوْ يَنْزِلَ الْبَرْقُ بِالصَّاعِقَةِ عَلَيْهِ، فَكَذَلِكَ هَؤُلَاءِ يَخَافُونَ أَنْ تَعْثُرَ عَلَى كُفْرِهِمْ، فَتُوجِبَ قَتْلَهُمْ، وَ اسْتِيصَالَهُمْ «يَجْعَلُونَ أَصابِعَهُمْ فِي آذانِهِمْ مِنَ الصَّواعِقِ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ
He (Allah-azwj) Said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Just as there are these things in this rain, and the one who is afflicted with it, fears, so similar to that are these (hypocrites) in their rejection of the allegiance to Ali-asws and their fearing that you-saww, O Muhammad-saww, would find out of their hypocrisy, like the one who in in the like of this rain and the thunder and the lightning, fearing that the thunder would rip off his heart, or the lightning would descend with the thunderbolt upon him. Similar to that, they are fearing that you-saww would find out of their disbelief, and their being killed would be Obligated and they would be eradicated, so they are putting their fingers into their ears because of the thunderbolt, being wary of the death [2:19].
كَمَا يَجْعَلُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُبْتَلُونَ بِهَذَا الرَّعْدِ [وَ الْبَرْقِ] أَصَابِعَهُمْ فِي آذَانِهِمْ لِئَلَّا يَخْلَعَ صَوْتُ الرَّعْدِ أَفْئِدَتَهُمْ، فَكَذَلِكَ يَجْعَلُونَ أَصَابِعَهُمْ فِي آذَانِهِمْ- إِذَا سَمِعُوا لَعْنَكَ لِمَنْ نَكَثَ الْبَيْعَةَ وَ وَعِيدَكَ لَهُمْ إِذَا عَلِمْتَ أَحْوَالَهُمْ يَجْعَلُونَ أَصابِعَهُمْ فِي آذانِهِمْ مِنَ الصَّواعِقِ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ لِئَلَّا يَسْمَعُوا لَعْنَكَ [وَ لَا] وَعِيدَكَ
Just as they, the ones afflicted by this thunder and the lightning, are placing their fingers in their ear, perhaps the sound of the thunder would be isolated, similar to that they are placing their finger in their ears when they are hearing your-saww cursing the breakers of the allegiance and your-saww promised threats to them. When they learn their state: they are putting their fingers into their ears because of the thunderbolt, being wary of the death [2:19], lest they end up hearing your-saww curses or your-saww promised threats.[72]
VERSE 14
لَهُ دَعْوَةُ الْحَقِّ ۖ وَالَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ لَا يَسْتَجِيبُونَ لَهُمْ بِشَيْءٍ إِلَّا كَبَاسِطِ كَفَّيْهِ إِلَى الْمَاءِ لِيَبْلُغَ فَاهُ وَمَا هُوَ بِبَالِغِهِ ۚ وَمَا دُعَاءُ الْكَافِرِينَ إِلَّا فِي ضَلَالٍ {14}
To Him is the true supplication; and those who are being supplicated to from the ones besides Him are not answering to them with anything, but it’s like the one who extends his hands to the water to make it reach his mouth, and it does not reach it, and what is a supplication of the Kafirs except for straying? [13:14]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: في رواية أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام) في قوله: وَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ لا يَسْتَجِيبُونَ لَهُمْ بِشَيْءٍ «فهذا مثل ضربه الله للذين يعبدون الأصنام، و الذين يعبدون آلهة من دون الله، فلا يستجيبون لهم بشيء، و لا ينفعهم إِلَّا كَباسِطِ كَفَّيْهِ إِلَى الْماءِ ليبلغ فاه ليتناوله من بعيد و لا يناله
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: and those who are being supplicated to from the ones besides Him are not answering to them with anything [13:14]. He-asws said: ‘So this is an example which Allah-azwj is Striking for the one who are worshipping the idols, and the ones who are worshipping gods besides Allah-azwj. So they are not answering them with anything, nor are they benefitting them, but it’s like the one who extends his hands to the water to make it reach his mouth in order to take it from a distance, and he cannot attain it’.[73]
ثم قال: حدثني أبي، عن أحمد بن النضر، عن عمرو بن شمر، عن جابر، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام) قال: «جاء رجل إلى النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله)، فقال: يا رسول الله، رأيت أمرا عظيما، فقال: و ما رأيت؟ قال: كان لي مريض، و نعت له ماء من بئر بالأحقاف يستشفى به في برهوت، قال: فانتهيت و معي قربة و قدح لآخذ من مائها و أصب في القربة و إذا بشيء قد هبط من جو السماء كهيئة السلسلة، و هو يقول: يا هذا، اسقني، الساعة أموت
Then (Ali Bin Ibrahim) said, ‘My father narrated to me, from Ahmad Bin Al Nazar, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘A man came up to the Prophet-saww, so he said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I saw (dream) a great matter’. So he-saww said: ‘And what did you see?’ He said, ‘I had a patient and wanted to cure him by the well water at Al Ahqaf in order to cure him in Barhoot. He said, ‘So I ended up at it, and with me was a canteen and a cup to take the water from it. I poured into the canteen and there was something in it which had fallen from the atmosphere of the sky, like a chain, and he (the person connected to the chain) was saying, ‘O you! Quench me, or else I would die this very moment!’
فرفعت رأسي، و رفعت إليه القدح لأسقيه، فإذا رجل في عنقه سلسلة، فلما ذهبت أناوله القدح، اجتذب مني حتى علق بالشمس، ثم أقبلت على الماء أغترف إذ أقبل الثانية و هو يقول: العطش العطش، يا هذا، اسقني، الساعة أموت. فرفعت القدح لأسقيه، فاجتذب مني حتى علق بالشمس، حتى فعل ذلك الثالثة، فقمت و شددت قربتي و لم أسقه.
I raised my head, and raised the cup towards him to quench him, and there was a man who had been chained to his neck. So when I went to pass him the cup, it was captured from me until it was cast towards the sun. Then I came over to the water to scoop it for a second time, and he was saying, ‘Thirst! Thirst! O you, quench me, or else I would die this very moment!’ But, it was captured from me and cast towards the sun, to the extent that it happened for a third time. So I stood up and pulled my canteen and did not quench him’.
فقال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): ذاك قابيل بن آدم الذي قتل أخاه، و هو قوله عز و جل: وَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ لا يَسْتَجِيبُونَ لَهُمْ بِشَيْءٍ إلى قوله: إِلَّا فِي ضَلالٍ».
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘That is Qabeel-la son of Adam-as who killed his-la brother-as. And these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: and those who are being supplicated to from the ones besides Him are not answering to them with anything, but it’s like the one who extends his hands to the water to make it reach his mouth, and it does not reach it, and what is a supplication of the Kafirs except for straying? [13:14]’.[74]
VERSE 15
وَلِلَّهِ يَسْجُدُ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ طَوْعًا وَكَرْهًا وَظِلَالُهُمْ بِالْغُدُوِّ وَالْآصَالِ ۩ {15}
And to Allah perform Sajdah, ones in the skies and the earth, willingly and unwillingly, and (so do) their shadows, in the morning and evening [13:15]
قال: و في رواية أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام) في قوله: وَ لِلَّهِ يَسْجُدُ مَنْ فِي السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ طَوْعاً وَ كَرْهاً الآية: «أما من يسجد من أهل السماوات طوعا، فالملائكة يسجدون لله طوعا، أما من يسجد من أهل الأرض طوعا، فمن ولد في الإسلام فهو يسجد له طوعا
(Ali Bin Ibrahim) said, ‘And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And to Allah perform Sajdah, ones in the skies and the earth, willingly and unwillingly [13:15] – the Verse. He-asws said: ‘As for the ones from the inhabitants of the skies who perform Sajdah willingly, they are the Angels who are performing Sajdah to Allah-azwj willingly. And as for the ones from the inhabitants of the earth who are performing Sajdah willingly, so it is the one who was born in Al-Islam, so he performs Sajdah to Him-azwj willingly.
و أما من يسجد له كرها، فمن اجبر على الإسلام، و أما من لم يسجد فظله يسجد له بالغداة و العشي
And as for the one who does Sajdah to Him-azwj unwillingly, so it is the one who was forced into Al-Islam. And as for the one who does not do Sajda, so his shadow does Sajdah for him in the morning and the evening’.[75]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ غَالِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ ظِلالُهُمْ بِالْغُدُوِّ وَ الْآصالِ قَالَ هُوَ الدُّعَاءُ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَ قَبْلَ غُرُوبِهَا وَ هِيَ سَاعَةُ إِجَابَةٍ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ali Bin Asbat, from Ghalib Bin Abdullah,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: and (so do) their shadows, in the morning and evening [13:15]. He-asws said: ‘It is the supplication before the emergence of the sun, and before its setting, and it is the time for the Answering’.[76]
Two reports
قال علي بن إبراهيم: قوله: وَ لِلَّهِ يَسْجُدُ مَنْ فِي السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ طَوْعاً وَ كَرْهاً وَ ظِلالُهُمْ بِالْغُدُوِّ وَ الْآصالِ قال: بالعشي، قال: ظل المؤمن يسجد طوعا، و ظل الكافر يسجد كرها، و هو نموهم و حركتهم و زيادتهم و نقصانهم
Ali Bin Ibrahim said,
‘His-azwj Words: And to Allah perform Sajdah, ones in the skies and the earth, willingly and unwillingly, and (so do) their shadows, in the morning and evening [13:15], said, ‘The shadow of the Momin does Sajdah willingly and the shadow of the Kafir does Sajdah unwillingly, and it is their growth, and their movement, and their increase and their decrease’.[77]
العياشي: عن عبد الله بن ميمون القداح، قال: سمعت زيد بن علي يقول: يا معشر من يحبنا، ألا ينصرنا من الناس أحد؟ فإن الناس لو يستطيعون أن يحبونا لأحبونا، و الله لأحبتنا أشد خزانة من الذهب و الفضة، إن الله خلق ما هو خالق ثم جعلهم أظلة
Al Ayyashi – From Abdullah Bin Maymoun Al Qadah who said,
‘I hear Zayd son of Ali-asws (Bin Al-Husayn-asws) saying, ‘O group of the ones who love us! Will no one from the people help us? The people, if they were able to love us they would love us. By Allah-azwj! Love for us is a mightier treasure than the gold and the silver. Allah-azwj Created what He-azwj Created them Made them to be shadows’.
ثم تلا هذه الآية وَ لِلَّهِ يَسْجُدُ مَنْ فِي السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ طَوْعاً وَ كَرْهاً الآية، ثم أخذ ميثاقنا و ميثاق شيعتنا، فلا ينقص منها واحد، و لا يزداد فينا واحد
Then he recited this Verse: And to Allah perform Sajdah, ones in the skies and the earth, willingly and unwillingly [13:15] – the Verse. ‘Then He-azwj Took our Covenant and Covenant of our Shias, therefore there will not be even one reduced from them, nor would there increase among us even one’’.[78]
VERSES 16 – 18
قُلْ مَنْ رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ قُلِ اللَّهُ ۚ قُلْ أَفَاتَّخَذْتُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ أَوْلِيَاءَ لَا يَمْلِكُونَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ نَفْعًا وَلَا ضَرًّا ۚ قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِي الْأَعْمَىٰ وَالْبَصِيرُ أَمْ هَلْ تَسْتَوِي الظُّلُمَاتُ وَالنُّورُ ۗ أَمْ جَعَلُوا لِلَّهِ شُرَكَاءَ خَلَقُوا كَخَلْقِهِ فَتَشَابَهَ الْخَلْقُ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ قُلِ اللَّهُ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ الْوَاحِدُ الْقَهَّارُ {16}
Say: ‘Who is the Lord of the skies and the earth?’ Say: ‘Allah’. Say: ‘So (why) are you taking guardians from besides Him who neither control for themselves any benefit nor harm?’ Say: ‘Are they equal, the blind and the seeing one? Or is it equal, the darkness and the light? Or are they making associates to be for Allah who created like He Created, so the creation was confusing upon them?’ Say: ‘Allah is the Creator of all things, and He is the One, the Supreme’ [13:16]
أَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَسَالَتْ أَوْدِيَةٌ بِقَدَرِهَا فَاحْتَمَلَ السَّيْلُ زَبَدًا رَابِيًا ۚ وَمِمَّا يُوقِدُونَ عَلَيْهِ فِي النَّارِ ابْتِغَاءَ حِلْيَةٍ أَوْ مَتَاعٍ زَبَدٌ مِثْلُهُ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَضْرِبُ اللَّهُ الْحَقَّ وَالْبَاطِلَ ۚ فَأَمَّا الزَّبَدُ فَيَذْهَبُ جُفَاءً ۖ وَأَمَّا مَا يَنْفَعُ النَّاسَ فَيَمْكُثُ فِي الْأَرْضِ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَضْرِبُ اللَّهُ الْأَمْثَالَ {17}
He Sends down water from the sky, then it flows into the valleys by its measurement, and the torrent bears the swelling scum. And from what they are melting upon it in the fire seeking ornaments or apparatus, there is a scum the like of it. Like that Allah Compares the truth and the falsehood. Then as for the scum, so it goes as slag, and as for what benefits the people, it remains in the earth. Like that Allah Strikes the examples [13:17]
لِلَّذِينَ اسْتَجَابُوا لِرَبِّهِمُ الْحُسْنَىٰ ۚ وَالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَسْتَجِيبُوا لَهُ لَوْ أَنَّ لَهُمْ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا وَمِثْلَهُ مَعَهُ لَافْتَدَوْا بِهِ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ سُوءُ الْحِسَابِ وَمَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ ۖ وَبِئْسَ الْمِهَادُ {18}
For those who are responding goodly to their Lord. And those who are not responding to Him, if for them was to be whatever is in the earth altogether and the like of it along with it, they would offer to ransom with it. They, for them would be the evil Reckoning, and their abode is Hell, and the land is evil [13:18]
الطبرسي في (الاحتجاج): عن أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، في حديث يذكره في أحوال الكفار: «و ضرب مثلهم بقوله: فَأَمَّا الزَّبَدُ فَيَذْهَبُ جُفاءً وَ أَمَّا ما يَنْفَعُ النَّاسَ فَيَمْكُثُ فِي الْأَرْضِ فالزبد في هذا الموضع كلام الملحدين الذين أثبتوه في القرآن، فهو يضمحل و يبطل و يتلاشى عند التحصيل، و الذي ينفع الناس منه فالتنزيل الحقيقي الذي لا يأتيه الباطل من بين يديه و لا من خلفه، و القلوب تقبله، و الأرض في هذا الموضع هي محل العلم و قراره
Al Tabarsy in Al Ihtijaj,
(It has been narrated) from Amir-Al-Momineen-asws, in a Hadeeth mentioning in it the conditions of the Kafir: ‘And He-azwj Struck an example by His-azwj Words: Then as for the scum, so it goes as slag, and as for what benefits the people, it remains in the earth [13:17]. The scum in this place is the speech of the Atheists which is proven in the Quran. So it decays, and it gets invalidated, and it fades away during the consideration. And that which benefits the people from it, so it is the True Revelation to which the falsehood neither approaches it from in front of it, nor from behind it, and the hearts accepts it. And the earth, in this place, it is the place of the Knowledge and its decision’.[79]
و قال الطبرسي في معنى سوء الحساب، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام): «هو أن لا يقبل منهم حسنة، و لا يغفر لهم سيئة
And Al Tabarsy said,
‘With regards to the Meaning of: the evil Reckoning [13:18], Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘It is when the good deeds would not be Acceptable from them, nor would the evil deeds be Forgiven from them’.[80]
VERSE 19
أَفَمَنْ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ الْحَقُّ كَمَنْ هُوَ أَعْمَىٰ ۚ إِنَّمَا يَتَذَكَّرُ أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ {19}
Is the one who knows that what has been Revealed unto you from your Lord is the Truth like the one who is blind? But rather, the ones with the understanding will be mindful [13:19]
ابن شهر آشوب: عن أبي الورد، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام) أَ فَمَنْ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ الْحَقُّ. قال: «علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام)
Ibn Shehr Ashub, from Abu Al Ward,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding: Is the one who knows that what has been Revealed unto you from your Lord is the Truth [13:19]. He-asws said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.[81]
عنه، عن ابن فضال، عن علي بن عقبة بن خالد، قال: دخلت أنا ومعلى بن خنيس علي ابي عبد الله عليه السلام فاذن لنا وليس هو في مجلسه فخرج علينا من جانب البيت من عند نسائه وليس عليه جلباب، فلما نظر الينا رحب فقال: مرحبا بكما وأهلا ثم جلس وقال: أنتم أولو الالباب في كتاب الله، قال الله تبارك وتعالى: ” انما يتذكر أولو الالباب ” فأبشروا فأنتم على أحدى الحسنيين من الله، أما أنكم إن بقيتم حتى تروا ما تمدون إليه رقابكم شفى الله صدوركم، وأذهب غيظ قلوبكم، وأدالكم على عدوكم، وهو قول الله تبارك وتعالى: ” ويشف صدور قوم مؤمنين ويذهب غيظ قلوبهم “، وإن مضيتم قبل ان تروا ذلك مضيتم على دين الله الذي رضيه لنبيه وبعثه عليه
From him, from Ibn Fazaal, from Ali Bin Uqba Bin Khalid who said,
‘I and Moala Bin Khunays Ali came up to Abu Abdullah-asws, for he-asws had permitted me, but he-asws was not in his gathering place. So he-asws came out to us from the side of the house, from his women’s quarters, and he-asws had no outer overcoat upon him-asws. So when he looked at us and said: ‘I-asws love to meet you all’. Then he-asws sat down, then said: ‘You (Shiah) are the people of the understanding (Mentioned) in the Book of Allah-azwj: But rather, the ones with the understanding will be mindful [13:19].
فأبشروا فأنتم على أحدى الحسنيين من الله، أما أنكم إن بقيتم حتى تروا ما تمدون إليه رقابكم شفى الله صدوركم، وأذهب غيظ قلوبكم، وأدالكم على عدوكم، وهو قول الله تبارك وتعالى: ” ويشف صدور قوم مؤمنين ويذهب غيظ قلوبهم “، وإن مضيتم قبل ان تروا ذلك مضيتم على دين الله الذي رضيه لنبيه وبعثه عليه
Therefore, receive glad tidings, for you all are upon one of the two Honours from Allah-azwj. But, if you were to remain (alive) until you see what your necks are extending for (Rising of Al-Qaim-asws). Allah-azwj would Heal your hearts, and Remove the rage of your hearts, and Cause you to triumph over your enemies. And these are the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: and He would Heal the chests of a Momineen people [9:14] And he would Remove the rage of their hearts [9:15]. And if you were to die before you were to see that, you would have died upon the Religion of Allah-azwj which He-azwj is Pleased with for His-azwj Prophet-saww, and Sent it to him-saww’.[82]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) مَا قَسَمَ اللَّهُ لِلْعِبَادِ شَيْئاً أَفْضَلَ مِنَ الْعَقْلِ فَنَوْمُ الْعَاقِلِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ سَهَرِ الْجَاهِلِ وَ إِقَامَةُ الْعَاقِلِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ شُخُوصِ الْجَاهِلِ وَ لَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيّاً وَ لَا رَسُولًا حَتَّى يَسْتَكْمِلَ الْعَقْلَ وَ يَكُونَ عَقْلُهُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ عُقُولِ أُمَّتِهِ
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from one of his companions, raising it, said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj has not Distributed for the servants anything more superior than the intellect. Thus, the sleep of the intellectual is superior to the vigil of the ignorant, and the staying (at home) of the intellectual is superior than going out of the ignorant. And Allah-azwj neither Sent a Prophet-as nor a Rasool-as until He-azwj Perfected the intellect (for him-as), and his-as intellect happened to be superior to the entirety of the intellects of the community.
وَ مَا يُضْمِرُ النَّبِيُّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فِي نَفْسِهِ أَفْضَلُ مِنِ اجْتِهَادِ الْمُجْتَهِدِينَ وَ مَا أَدَّى الْعَبْدُ فَرَائِضَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى عَقَلَ عَنْهُ وَ لَا بَلَغَ جَمِيعُ الْعَابِدِينَ فِي فَضْلِ عِبَادَتِهِمْ مَا بَلَغَ الْعَاقِلُ وَ الْعُقَلَاءُ هُمْ أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ الَّذِينَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ مَا يَتَذَكَّرُ إِلَّا أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ
And whatever the Prophet-saww concealed within himself-saww is superior to the striving of the strivers; and the servant would not fulfil the Obligations of Allah-azwj until he knows about Him-azwj, and the entirety of the worshippers would not reach in merit with their worshipping what the intellectual would reach; and the intellectuals, they are those possessing understanding whom Allah-azwj Speaks of: But rather, the ones with the understanding will be mindful [13:19]’.[83]
عن أبي العباس، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: «تفكر ساعة خير من عبادة سنة، قال الله: إِنَّما يَتَذَكَّرُ أُولُوا الْأَلْبابِ
From Ibn Abbas,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Pondering for an hour is better than the worship for a year. Allah-azwj Says: But rather, the ones with the understanding will be mindful [13:19]’.[84]
ويؤيده: ما ذكره أبو عبد الله الحسين بن جبير (ره) في نخب المناقب قال: روينا حديثا مسندا، عن أبي الورد الامامي المذهب، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: قوله عزوجل * (أفمن يعلم أنما انزل إليك من ربك الحق) * هو علي بن ابي طالب عليه السلام والاعمى هنا هو عدوه، * (واولوا الالباب) * شيعته الموصوفون بقوله تعالى * (الذين يوفون بعد الله ولا ينقضون الميثاق) * المأخوذ عليهم في الذر، بولايته ويوم الغدير
And it is supported by what is mentioned by Abu Abdullah Al Husayn Bin Jubeyr, in (the book) Nakhab Al Manaqib, said, ‘It is reported to us by an unbroken chain, from Abu Al Warad Al Amamy Al Mazhab,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘His-azwj Words: Is the one who knows that what has been Revealed unto you from your Lord is the Truth [13:19] – it is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and the blind over here (is a reference to) his-asws enemies, and, the ones with the understanding – are his-asws Shias who are Described by the Words of the Exalted: Those who are fulfilling the Pact with Allah and are not breaking the Covenant [13:20], the (Covenant) Taken upon them in the (realm of the) particles, of his-asws Wilayah, and on the day of Ghadeer (Khumm).
ثم وصفهم بوصف آخر فقال * (والذين يصلون ما أمر الله به أن يوصل) * وهم رحم آل محمد صلى الله عليه وآله التي أمر الله بصلتها ومودتها
Then He-azwj Described them in another (Verse), so He-azwj Said: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining [13:21], and they-asws are the relatives of the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww whom Allah-azwj has Commanded with maintaining it and its cordiality’’.[85]
VERSES 20 & 21
الَّذِينَ يُوفُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَلَا يَنْقُضُونَ الْمِيثَاقَ {20}
Those who are fulfilling the Pact with Allah and are not breaking the Covenant [13:20]
وَالَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَيَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ وَيَخَافُونَ سُوءَ الْحِسَابِ {21}
And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining, and are in awe of their Lord and are fearing the evil Reckoning [13:21]
علي بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثني أبي عن محمد بن الفضيل، عن أبي الحسن (عليه السلام) قال: «إن رحم آل محمد (صلى الله عليه و آله) معلقة بالعرش تقول: اللهم صل من وصلني و اقطع من قطعني، و هي تجري في كل رحم
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘My father narrated to me, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl,
‘Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘Surely the kinship of the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww is attached with the Throne. It is saying: ‘‘Our Allah-azwj! Maintain good relations with the one who maintains good relations with me, and Cut-off the one who cuts-off from me. And it flows in every kinship.
و نزلت هذه الآية في آل محمد، و ما عاهدهم عليه، و ما أخذ عليهم من الميثاق في الذر من ولاية أمير المؤمنين و الأئمة (عليهم السلام) بعده، و هو قوله: الَّذِينَ يُوفُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَ لا يَنْقُضُونَ الْمِيثاقَ الآية
And this Verse was Revealed regarding the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww and what they (the people) have been Covenanted with, and what was Taken from them from the Covenanted in the (Realm of the) Particles, from the Wilayah of Amir-Al-Momineen-asws and the Imams-asws after him-asws. And these are His-azwj Words: Those who are fulfilling the Pact with Allah and are not breaking the Covenant [13:20] – the Verse.
ثم ذكر أعداهم، فقال: وَ الَّذِينَ يَنْقُضُونَ عَهْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مِيثاقِهِ يعني في أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، و هو الذي أخذ الله عليهم في الذر، و أخذ عليهم رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) بغدير خم ثم قال: أُولئِكَ لَهُمُ اللَّعْنَةُ وَ لَهُمْ سُوءُ الدَّارِ
Then He-azwj Mentioned their-asws enemies: And those who are breaking the Pact of Allah from after its Covenanting [13:25] – Meaning with regards to Amir-Al-Momineen-asws, and this is what was Taken against them in the (Realm of the) Particles, and Rasool-Allah-saww took it against them at Ghadeer Khumm, They, for them is the Curse and for them would be the evil abode [13:25]’.[86]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ فَقَالَ قَرَابَتُكَ
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Umar Bin Yazeed who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining [13:21]. He-asws said: ‘Your relatives’.[87]
القاسم عن عبد الصمد بن بشير عن معاوية قال: قال لي أبو عبد الله عليه السلام: ان صلة الرحم تهون الحساب يوم القيامة ثم قرأ: يصلون ما أمر الله به ان يوصل ويخشون ربهم ويخافون سوء الحساب
Al Qasim, from Abdul Samad Bin Bashir, from Muawiya who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said to me: ‘The maintaining of the relationships would ease the Reckoning on the Day of Judgment’. Then he-asws recited: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining, and are in awe of their Lord and are fearing the evil Reckoning [13:21]’.[88]
الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ الرَّحِمَ مُعَلَّقَةٌ بِالْعَرْشِ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ صِلْ مَنْ وَصَلَنِي وَ اقْطَعْ مَنْ قَطَعَنِي وَ هِيَ رَحِمُ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَ رَحِمُ كُلِّ ذِي رَحِمٍ
Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moallah Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Washa, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘The kinship (of the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww) would attach itself with the Throne saying, ‘O Allah-azwj! Maintain with the one who maintained me and Cut off the one who cut me off, and it is the relationship with the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining [13:21] – and the relative is every one with the relationship’.[89]
و عنه: عن محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن عثمان بن عيسى، عن سماعة بن مهران، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: «و مما فرض الله عز و جل أيضا في المال من غير الزكاة، قوله عز و جل: الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at Bin Mahran,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘And from what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Obligated as well in the wealth from other than the Zakat, are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining [13:21]’.[90]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ وَ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ وَ دُرُسْتَ بْنِ أَبِي مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي رَحِمِ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ السَّلَامُ وَ قَدْ تَكُونُ فِي قَرَابَتِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ فَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِمَّنْ يَقُولُ لِلشَّيْءِ إِنَّهُ فِي شَيْءٍ وَاحِدٍ
Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman, and Hisham Bin Al Hakam, and Dorost Bin Abu Mansour, from Umar Bin Yazeed who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining [13:21]. He-asws said: ‘It was Revealed regarding the kinship of the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and has come to be regarding your relatives’. Then he-asws said: ‘Therefore, do not become from the ones who are saying for the thing, that it is regarding the one thing (i.e. only for your relatives)’.[91]
الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فَشَكَا إِلَيْهِ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ جَاءَ الْمَشْكُوُّ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) مَا لِفُلَانٍ يَشْكُوكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَشْكُونِي أَنِّي اسْتَقْضَيْتُ مِنْهُ حَقِّي
Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Hammad Bin Usman who said,
‘A man came over to Abu Abdullah-asws, so he complained about a man from his-asws companions. It was not long before the one complained against, came over. So Abu Abdullah-asws said to him: ‘What is the matter so and so is complaining against you?’ So he said to him-asws, ‘He is complained about me that I collected my right from him’.
قَالَ فَجَلَسَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) مُغْضَباً ثُمَّ قَالَ كَأَنَّكَ إِذَا اسْتَقْضَيْتَ حَقَّكَ لَمْ تُسِئْ أَ رَأَيْتَ مَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ يَخافُونَ سُوءَ الْحِسابِ أَ تَرَى أَنَّهُمْ خَافُوا اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجُورَ عَلَيْهِمْ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا خَافُوا إِلَّا الِاسْتِقْضَاءَ فَسَمَّاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سُوءَ الْحِسَابِ فَمَنِ اسْتَقْضَى بِهِ فَقَدْ أَسَاءَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘So Abu Abdullah-asws sat up in anger, then said: ‘It is as if when you collected your right, you did not offend! Do you not see what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Relating in His-azwj Book: and are fearing the evil Reckoning [13:21]. Do you not see they are fearing the evil Reckoning? Do you not see their fearing Allah-azwj would be Inequitable (Unfair) upon them? No, by Allah-azwj! They are not fearing except for the collection (of the debts), so Allah-azwj has Named it as the evil Reckoning. So the one who collects by it so he has offended’.[92]
عن الحسن بن موسى قال: روى أصحابنا أنه سئل أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام) عن قول تعالى: وَ الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ. قال: «هو صلة الامام في كل سنة بما قل أو كثر» ثم قال أبو عبد الله (عليه السلام): «و ما أريد بذلك إلا تزكيتكم
From Al Hassan Bin Musa who said,
‘It has been reported from our companions who asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of the Exalted: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining [13:21]. He-asws said: ‘It is the maintenance of good relations with the Imam-asws during every year with little or more’. Then Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And nothing is meant by that except for cleansing you all’.[93]
عن هشام بن سالم، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) في قوله: وَ يَخافُونَ سُوءَ الْحِسابِ قال: «تحسب عليهم السيئات، و لا تحسب لهم الحسنات
From Hisham Bin Saalim,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: and are fearing the evil Reckoning [13:21]. He-asws said: ‘Their evil would be Counted against them, and their good deeds would not be Counted for them’.[94]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ الْجَمَّالِ قَالَ وَقَعَ بَيْنَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) وَ بَيْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ كَلَامٌ حَتَّى وَقَعَتِ الضَّوْضَاءُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ فَافْتَرَقَا عَشِيَّتَهُمَا بِذَلِكَ وَ غَدَوْتُ فِي حَاجَةٍ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَلَى بَابِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ يَا جَارِيَةُ قُولِي لِأَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ يَخْرُجُ
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Safwan Al Jammal who said,
‘There occurred (heated) words between Abu Abdullah-asws and Abdullah Bin Al-Hassan and the clamour occurred between them, and the people gathered. They both separated with their respective adherents due to that, and in the morning I went regarding the need, and there was Abu Abdullah-asws at the door of Abdullah Bin Al-Hassan, and he-asws was saying: ‘O maid! Tell Abu Muhammad to come out’.
قَالَ فَخَرَجَ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مَا بَكَّرَ بِكَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي تَلَوْتُ آيَةً مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْبَارِحَةَ فَأَقْلَقَتْنِي قَالَ وَ مَا هِيَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He came out as said, ‘O Abu Abdullah-asws, what made you-asws come so early?’ He-asws said: ‘I-asws recited a Verse from the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic yesterday so it worried me-asws’. He said, ‘And what is it?’
قَالَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ وَ يَخافُونَ سُوءَ الْحِسابِ فَقَالَ صَدَقْتَ لَكَأَنِّي لَمْ أَقْرَأْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ قَطُّ فَاعْتَنَقَا وَ بَكَيَا
He-asws said ‘The Words of Allah-azwj, Majestic and Mighty is His-azwj Mention: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining, and are in awe of their Lord and are fearing the evil Reckoning [13:21]’. He said, ‘You-asws speak the truth. It is as if I never read this Verse from the Book of Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty at all’. Then, they both hugged and wept’.[95]
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ أَحْمَرَ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ سَالِمَةَ مَوْلَاةِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَتْ كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) حِينَ حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ فَأُغْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ قَالَ أَعْطُوا الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ هُوَ الْأَفْطَسُ سَبْعِينَ دِينَاراً وَ أَعْطُوا فُلَاناً كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ فُلَاناً كَذَا وَ كَذَا
A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Jameel Bin Salih, from Hisham Bin Ahmad and Ali Bn Ibrahim, from his father and Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazaan, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibrahim Bin Abdul Hameed altogether,
(It has been narrated) from Salima, a slave girl of Abu Abdullah-asws who said, ‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws when death presented itself to him-asws. So he-asws fell unconscious, then woke up, said: ‘Give seventy Dinars to Al-Hassan son of Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, and he was Al-Aftas, and give so and so such and such, and to so and so such and such’.
فَقُلْتُ أَ تُعْطِي رَجُلًا حَمَلَ عَلَيْكَ بِالشَّفْرَةِ فَقَالَ وَيْحَكِ أَ مَا تَقْرَءِينَ الْقُرْآنَ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ أَ مَا سَمِعْتِ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ وَ يَخافُونَ سُوءَ الْحِسابِ
I said, ‘You-asws want to give a man who attacked you-asws with a blade?’ So he-asws said: ‘Woe be unto you! Have you not read the Quran?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘Have you not heard the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining, and are in awe of their Lord and are fearing the evil Reckoning [13:21]’.
قَالَ ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ حَمَلَ عَلَيْكَ بِالشَّفْرَةِ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَكَ فَقَالَ أَ تُرِيدِينَ عَلَى أَنْ لَا أَكُونَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ وَ يَخافُونَ سُوءَ الْحِسابِ نَعَمْ يَا سَالِمَةُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ الْجَنَّةَ وَ طَيَّبَهَا وَ طَيَّبَ رِيحَهَا وَ إِنَّ رِيحَهَا لَتُوجَدُ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ أَلْفَيْ عَامٍ وَ لَا يَجِدُ رِيحَهَا عَاقٌّ وَ لَا قَاطِعُ رَحِمٍ
Ibn Mahboub said in his Hadeeth – ‘One who attacked you with a blade intending to kill you-asws?’ So he-asws said: ‘Are you wanting that I-asws should happen to be from the ones about whom Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining, and are in awe of their Lord and are fearing the evil Reckoning [13:21]? Yes, O Salima! Allah-azwj Created the Paradise and its perfume, and aromatised its aroma, and its aroma can be found (smelt) from a travel distance of two thousand years, and it would not be smelt by one disobedient to his parents (Aaq), and one who has cut-off relationships’.[96]
عن عمر بن مريم، قال سألت أبا عبد الله (عليه السلام) عن قول الله: الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ. قال: «من ذلك، صلة الرحم، و غاية تأويلها صلتك إيانا
From Umar Bin Maryam who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining [13:21]. He-asws said: ‘From that is the maintenance with relationships, and the peak of its interpretation is your maintaining it with us-asws’’.[97]
ابن شهر آشوب: عن محمد بن الفضيل، عن موسى بن جعفر (عليهما السلام) في قوله تعالى: وَ الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ، قال: «هي رحم آل محمد (عليهم السلام)
Ibn Shehr Ashub, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl,
‘From Musa Bin Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: And those who are maintaining the relationships what Allah has Commanded with maintaining [13:21]. He-asws said: ‘It is the kinship of the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww’’.[98]
ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع: أَ وَ تَدْرِي مَا هَذِهِ الرَّحِمُ- الَّتِي مَنْ وَصَلَهَا وَصَلَهُ الرَّحْمَنُ، وَ مَنْ قَطَعَهَا قَطَعَهُ الرَّحْمَنُ فَقِيلَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ: حَثَّ بِهَذَا كُلَّ قَوْمٍ عَلَى أَنْ يُكْرِمُوا أَقْرِبَاءَهُمْ وَ يَصِلُوا أَرْحَامَهُمْ
(Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws said): ‘Then Ali-asws said: ‘Do you know what this Mercy is that whoever connects to it is connected to the Beneficent?’ They said: ‘O Amir-Al-Momineen-asws! ‘Every community has been urged by this to honour their relatives and maintain good relations with them.’
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: أَ يَحُثُّهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَصِلُوا أَرْحَامَهُمُ الْكَافِرِينَ، وَ أَنْ يُعَظِّمُوا مَنْ حَقَّرَهُ اللَّهُ، وَ أَوْجَبَ احْتِقَارَهُ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ قَالُوا: لَا-، وَ لَكِنَّهُ حَثَّهُمْ عَلَى صِلَةِ أَرْحَامِهِمُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ: أَوْجَبَ حُقُوقَ أَرْحَامِهِمْ، لِاتِّصَالِهِمْ بِآبَائِهِمْ وَ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ قُلْتُ: بَلَى يَا أَخَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ. قَالَ: فَهُمْ إِذَنْ إِنَّمَا يَقْضُونَ فِيهِمْ حُقُوقَ الْآبَاءِ وَ الْأُمَّهَاتِ
He-asws said to them: ‘Have any of them obligated to maintain good relations with the disbelievers, and respect the ones whom He-azwj Has Belittled, and Enjoined the contempt of the disbelievers?’ They said: ‘No, but we have been urged to have good relations with the Momineen.’ He-asws said: ‘Has He-azwj not has Enjoined this due to their connection with their fathers and mothers?’ They said: Yes, O brother-asws of the Rasool-Allah-saww.’ He-asws said: ‘Understand then, that by doing this they are making up the rights of their mothers and fathers.’
قُلْتُ: بَلَى يَا أَخَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص. قَالَ: فَآبَاؤُهُمْ وَ أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ- إِنَّمَا غَذَّوْهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا- وَ وَقَوْهُمْ مَكَارِهَهَا، وَ هِيَ نِعْمَةٌ زَائِلَةٌ، وَ مَكْرُوهٌ يَنْقَضِي، وَ رَسُولُ رَبِّهِمْ سَاقَهُمْ إِلَى نِعْمَةٍ دَائِمَةٍ لَا تَنْقَضِي، وَ وَقَاهُمْ مَكْرُوهاً مُؤَبَّداً لَا يَبِيدُ، فَأَيُّ النِّعْمَتَيْنِ أَعْظَمُ قُلْتُ: نِعْمَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَعْظَمُ وَ أَجَلُّ وَ أَكْبَرُ
They said: ‘Yes O brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww.’ He-asws said: ‘Their fathers and mothers provide them with sustenance in this world and prevent them from the abhorrent, and this is a declining bounty, while the Rasool-Allah-saww gave them everlasting bounties and saved them from eternal difficulties, so which is a greater bounty?’. I said, ‘The bounty of the Rasool-Allah-saww is greater and larger.’
قَالَ: فَكَيْفَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَحُثَّ عَلَى قَضَاءِ حَقِّ- مَنْ صَغَّرَ [اللَّهُ] حَقَّهُ، وَ لَا يَحُثَّ عَلَى قَضَاءِ حَقِّ مَنْ كَبَّرَ [اللَّهُ] حَقَّهُ قُلْتُ: لَا يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ. قَالَ: فَإِذاً حَقُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَعْظَمُ مِنْ حَقِّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ، وَ حَقُّ رَحِمِهِ أَيْضاً أَعْظَمُ مِنْ حَقِّ رَحِمِهِمَا، فَرَحِمُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَوْلَى بِالصِّلَةِ، وَ أَعْظَمُ فِي الْقَطِيعَةِ
He-asws said: ‘How can it be that He-azwj should Urge the fulfilment of a smaller right and does not Urge the fulfilment of a greater right? That is not possible. The right of the Rasool Allah-saww is greater than the right of the parents and the right of his-saww relatives also is greater than the right of their own relatives. So, the maintenance of relations with the relatives of the Rasool Allah-saww is greater and more highly prohibited to be cut off.
فَالْوَيْلُ كُلُّ الْوَيْلِ لِمَنْ قَطَعَهَا، وَ الْوَيْلُ كُلُّ الْوَيْلِ لِمَنْ لَمْ يُعَظِّمْ حُرْمَتَهَا. أَ وَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ حُرْمَةَ رَحِمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حُرْمَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، وَ أَنَّ حُرْمَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حُرْمَةُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى، وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَعْظَمُ حَقّاً مِنْ كُلِّ مُنْعِمٍ سِوَاهُ، وَ أَنَّ كُلَّ مُنْعِمٍ سِوَاهُ إِنَّمَا أَنْعَمَ حَيْثُ قَيَّضَهُ لِذَلِكَ رَبُّهُ، وَ وَفَّقَهُ لَهُ
So, woe and everyone’s woe be on the one who cuts it off, and woe upon woe be on the one does not respect his-saww relatives. Do you not know that the sanctity of the relatives of the Rasool Allah-saww is the sanctity of the Rasool Allah-saww and that the sanctity of the Rasool Allah-saww is the sanctity of Allah-azwj? Surely, Allah-azwj’s Right is greater than all, even from all the Bounties of His-azwj, and every bounty apart from it. But rather, He-azwj Chooses where it is destined to be for He-azwj is it’s Lord-azwj, and that Bounty is compatible with him’’.
أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِمُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ قُلْتُ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي مَا الَّذِي قَالَ لَهُ قَالَ ع: قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: يَا مُوسَى أَ تَدْرِي مَا بَلَغَتْ بِرَحْمَتِي إِيَّاكَ فَقَالَ مُوسَى: أَنْتَ أَرْحَمُ بِي مِنْ أَبِي وَ أُمِّي
Do you not know what Allah-azwj Said to Musa-as Bin Imran-as?’ I said, ‘May my father and mother be sacrificed for you-asws, what was it that He-azwj Said to him-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the High Said: ‘O Musa-as! Do you know what has reached to you-as of My-azwj Mercy?’ Musa-as said: ‘You-azwj are more Merciful to me-as than my father and mother.’
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: يَا مُوسَى وَ إِنَّمَا رَحِمَتْكَ أُمُّكَ لِفَضْلِ رَحْمَتِي، فَأَنَا الَّذِي رَقَّقْتُهَا عَلَيْكَ، وَ طَيَّبْتُ قَلْبَهَا لِتَتْرُكَ طَيِّبَ وَسَنِهَا لِتَرْبِيَتِكَ، وَ لَوْ لَمْ أَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ بِهَا لَكَانَتْ هِيَ وَ سَائِرُ النِّسَاءِ سَوَاءً
Allah-azwj the High Said: ‘O Musa-as! But rather, the mercy of your mother to you-as was a Grace of My-azwj Mercy, and it was I-azwj Who inclined her towards you-as, and Refined her heart to avoid her rest for your upbringing, and if I-azwj had not Done that with her, then she would have been to you like any other woman’’.[99]
VERSE 22
وَالَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِمْ وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَأَنْفَقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ سِرًّا وَعَلَانِيَةً وَيَدْرَءُونَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ السَّيِّئَةَ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ عُقْبَى الدَّارِ {22}
And those who are being patient seeking the Face of their Lord, and are establishing the Salat and are spending from what We have Graced them, secretly and openly and are repelling the evil deeds with the good deeds, they, for them is the end-result of the (goodly) abode [13:22]
Repelling the evil deeds with the good deeds
و عنه، قال: و حدثني أبي، عن حماد، عن أبي بصير، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: «قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) لعلي (صلوات الله عليه): يا علي، ما من دار فيها فرحة إلا تبعتها ترحة، و ما من هم إلا و له فرج، إلا هم أهل النار، فإذا عملت سيئة فأتبعها بحسنة تمحها سريعا، و عليك بصنائع الخير، فإنها تدفع مصارع السوء
And from him (Ali Bin Ibrahim) who said, ‘And my father narrated to me, from Hamaad, from Abu Baseer,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! There is none from the houses except that happiness would follow by sadness. And there is none from worries except for it is relief, except for the worries of the people of the Fire. If you-asws were to do evil, so you-asws should follow it with a good deed to obliterate it quickly. And it is upon you-asws to do good, for it repels the evil fighter’.
و إنما قال رسول (صلى الله عليه و آله) لأمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) على حد التأديب للناس، لا بأن لأمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) سيئات عملها
And rather, Rasool-Allah-saww related to Ali-asws, up to the limit of the education for the people. It is not that Amir-Al-Momineen-asws had done any evil deeds’.[100]
و عنه، قال: حدثني أبي، عن النضر بن سويد، عن محمد بن قيس، عن أبي سيار، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) قال: «أقبل رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) يوما، واضعا يده على كتف العباس، فاستقبله أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام)، فعانقه رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) و قبل ما بين عينيه، ثم سلم العباس على علي (عليه السلام) فرد عليه ردا خفيفا، فغضب العباس، فقال: يا رسول الله، لا يدع علي زهوه
And from him (Ali Bin Ibrahim), who said, ‘My father narrated to me from al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Muhammad Bin Qays, from Abu Sayyar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww came one day and placed his-saww hand upon a shoulder of Al Abbas. Then Amir Al-Momineen-asws met him-as, so Rasool-Allah-saww and kissed between his-asws eyes. Then Al Abbas greeted Ali-asws, but he-asws responded very lightly to him. So Al-Abbas got angry and he said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Ali-asws does not leave his-asws pride’.
فقال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله): يا عباس، لا تقل ذلك في علي، فإني لقيت جبرئيل آنفا، فقال لي: لقيني الملكان الموكلان بعلي الساعة، فقالا: ما كتبنا عليه ذنبا منذ ولد إلى هذا اليوم
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Abbas! Do not say that regarding Ali-asws, for I-saww met Jibraeel-as just now, and he-as said to me-saww: ‘Then two Angels Allocated with Ali-asws met me-as a moment ago and they said: ‘We have not recorded a single sin against him-asws since he-asws was born until this day’’’.[101]
Appendix I: Additional Ahadeeth in the Interpretation of Chapter 13
Verse 13:1
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Hayy Bin Akhtab and Abu Yasser Bin Akhtab, and a number of Jews from the people of Najran came to Rasool-Allah-saww and said to him-saww, ‘Isn’t among what you-saww mentioned regarding what Allah-azwj Revealed to you-saww, Alif Lam Meem [2:1]?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’.
قالوا: أتاك بها جبرئيل عليه السلام من عند الله ؟ قال: نعم، قالوا: لقد بعث أنبياء قبلك ما نعلم نبيا منهم أخبرنا مدة ملكه وما أكل امته غيرك
They said, ‘Jibraeel-as came to you-saww with it from the Presence of Allah-azwj?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’. They said, ‘The Prophets-as have been Sent before you-saww. We do not know of any Prophet-as from them who informed us of the term of his-saww kingdom and what his-as community ate, apart from you-saww!’
قال: فأقبل حيي بن أخطب على أصحابه فقال لهم: الالف واحد، واللام ثلاثون، والميم أربعون، فهذه إحدى وسبعون سنة، فعجب ممن يدخل في دين مدة ملكه وأكل امته إحدى وسبعون سنة
He-asws said: ‘Hayy Bin Akhtab turned towards his companions and said to them, ‘The ‘Alif’ is one, and the ‘Laam’ is thirty, and the ‘Meem’ is forty, so this (makes) seventy-one years, therefore I wonder at the ones who enter into a Religion the term of its kingdom and the eating of its community is for seventy-one years (only)!’
قال: ثم أقبل على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله فقال له: يا محمد هل مع هذا غيره ! قال: نعم، قال: هاته، قال: ” المص ” قال: هذا أثقل وأطول، الالف واحد، واللام ثلاثون، والميم أربعون، والصاد تسعون، فهذه مائة وإحدى وستون سنة
He-asws said: ‘Then he turned towards Rasool-Allah-saww and said to him-saww, ‘O Muhammad-saww! Is there anything else with it, apart from it?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Give it’. He-saww said: ‘Alif Lam Meem Suad [7:1]’. He said, ‘This is heavier and longer. The ‘Alif’ is one, and the ‘Laam’ is thirty, and the ‘Meem’ is forty, and the ‘Suad’ is ninety. So, this (makes) one hundred and sixty-one years’.
ثم قال لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: هل مع هذا غيره ؟ قال: نعم، قال: هات، قال: ” الر ” قال: هذا أثقل وأطول، الالف واحد، واللام ثلاثون، والراء مائتان
Then he said to Rasool-Allah-saww, ‘Is there anything else with this?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Give’. He-saww said: ‘Alif Lam Ra [10:1]’. He said, ‘This is heavier and longer. The ‘Alif’ is one, and the ‘Lam’ is thirty, and the ‘Ra’ is two hundred’.
ثم قال: فهل مع هذا غيره ؟ قال: نعم، قال: هات، قال: ” المر ” قال: هذا أثقل وأطول، الالف واحد، واللام ثلاثون، والميم أربعون، والراء مائتان
Then he said, ‘So is there anything else with this?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Give’. He-saww said: ‘Alif Lam Mim Ra. [13:1]’. He said, ‘This is heavier and longer. The ‘Alif’ is one, and the ‘Lam’ is thirty, and the ‘Meem’ is forty, and the ‘Ra’ is two hundred’.
ثم قال: هل مع هذا غيره ؟ قال: نعم، قالوا: لقد التبس علينا أمرك فما ندري ما اعطيت، ثم قاموا عنه، ثم قال أبو ياسر لحيي أخيه وما يدريك لعل محمدا قد جمع له فيهم هذا كله وأكثر منه
Then he said, ‘Is there anything else along with this?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’. They said, ‘Your-saww have been clarified upon us, but we do not know what you-saww have been Given’. Then they arose from him-saww. Then Abu Yasser said to his brother Hayy, ‘And what would make you know, perhaps Muhammad-saww, all of this has been gathered for him-saww and more than it’.
فقال أبو جعفر عليه السلام: إن هذه الآيات انزلت فيهم: ” منه آيات محكمات هن ام الكتاب واخر متشابهات ” وهي تجري في وجوه اخر على غير ما تأول حيي بن أخطب وأخوه وأصحابه، ثم خاطب الله الخلق فقال: ” اتبعوا ما انزل إليكم من ربكم ولا تتبعوا من دونه أولياء ” غير محمد ” قليلا ما تذكرون
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘These Verse were Revealed regarding them: from it are Decisive Verses – these are the Mother of the Book; and others are Allegorical. [3:7], and it flows in another perspective upon other than what Hayy Bin Akhtab and his brother and his companion interpreted as. Then Allah-azwj Addressed the creatures and He-azwj Said: Follow what is Revealed to you from your Lord and do not follow guardians from the ones besides Him. – apart from Muhammad-saww, Little is what you are heeding [7:3]’’.[102]
Verse 13:11
عن الحسين بن سعيد المكفوف كتب إليه في كتاب له: جعلت فداك يا سيدي علم مولاك: ما لا يقبل لقائله دعوة وما لا يؤخر لفاعله دعوة ؟ وما حد الاستغفار الذي وعد عليه نوح ؟ والاستغفار الذي لا يعذب قائله ؟ وكيف يلفظ بهما ؟
From Al-Husayn Bin Saeed Al-Makfouf wrote to him-asws in a letter to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, O my Master-asws! Teach your-asws slave, ‘What invitation is not acceptable for its speaker, and what invitation is not acceptable for its doer? And what is the limit of seeking the Forgiveness which Noah-as had promised upon? And the seeking of Forgiveness which its speaker is not Punished upon? And how to speak with these two?
وما معنى قوله: ” ومن يتق الله، ومن يتوكل على الله ” ؟ وقوله: ” ومن اتبع هداي، ومن أعرض عن ذكري، وإن الله لا يغير ما بقوم حتى يغيروا ما بأنفسهم ” ؟ وكيف تغيير القوم ما بأنفسهم حتى يغير ما بأنفسهم ؟
And what is the meaning of His-azwj Words: and one who fears Allah, [65:5] And one who relies upon Allah [65:3]? And His-azwj Words: then the one who follows Guidance [20:123], And one who turns away from My Zikr, [20:124], Surely Allah does not Change what is with a people until they change what is with themselves. [13:11]? And how can the people change what is with themselves until what is with themselves changes?’
فكتب صلوات الله عليه: كافاكم الله عني بتضعيف الثواب والجزاء الحسن الجميل وعليكم جميعا السلام ورحمة الله وبركاته، الاستغفار ألف، والتوكل من توكل على الله فهو حسبه، ومن يتق الله يجعل له مخرجا ويرزقه من حيث لا يحتسب
He-asws wrote: ‘May Allah-azwj Suffice you on my-asws behalf with additional Rewards and the goodly beautiful Recompense, and upon you all be the greetings and the Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings. The seeking of Forgiveness is of a thousand (types), and the reliance of the one who relies upon Allah-azwj, He-azwj would Suffice him, and one who fears Allah-azwj, He-azwj would Make a way out to be for him and Sustain him from where he had not reckoned.
وأما قوله: ” ومن اتبع هداي ” من قال: بالامامة واتبع أمركم بحسن طاعتهم، وأما التغير إنه لا يسئ إليهم حتى يتولوا ذلك بأنفسهم بخطاياهم وارتكابهم ما نهي عنه. وكتب بخطه
And as for His-azwj Words: then the one who follows Guidance [20:123], is one who says with the Imamate, and pursues your matter with the goodness of their-asws obedience; and as for the change, it is not harmful to them until they do it with themselves with their sins and their indulgences of what they had been Prohibited from’. And he-asws had written by his-asws handwriting’’.[103]
Verse 13:14
أبي، عن أحمد بن النضر، عن عمرو بن شمر، عن جابر، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: جاء رجل إلى النبي صلى الله عليه واله فقال: يارسول الله رأيت أمرا عظيما، فقال: وما رأيت ؟ قال: كان لي مريض ونعت له من ماء بئر الاحقاف يستشفى به في برهوت، قال: فتهيأت ومعي قربة وقدح لآخذ من مائها وأصب في القربة إذا شئ قد هبط من جو السماء كهيئة السلسلة وهو يقول: يا هذا اسقني، الساعة أموت
My father, from Ahmad Bin Al Nazar, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir,
‘A man came to the Prophet-saww and he said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I saw a great matter!’ He-saww said: ‘And what did you see?’ He said, ‘He said, ‘I had a patient and wanted to cure him by the well water at Al-Ahqaf in order to cure him in Barhout. He said, ‘So I ended up at it, and with me was a canteen and a cup to take the water from it. I poured into the canteen and there was something in it which had fallen from the atmosphere of the sky, like a chain, and he (the person connected to the chain) was saying, ‘O you! Quench me, or else I would die this very moment!’
فرفعت رأسي ورفعت إليه القدح لاسقيه فإذا رجل في عنقه سلسلة فلما ذهبت اناوله القدح اجتذب حتى علق بالشمس، ثم أقبلت على الماء أغترف إذ أقبل الثانية وهو يقول: العطش العطش يا هذا اسقني الساعة أموت، فرفعت القدح لاسقيه فاجتذب حتى علق بعين الشمس حتى فعل ذلك الثالثة، وشددت قربتي ولم أسقه
I raised my head, and raised the cup towards him to quench him, and there was a man who had been chained to his neck. So when I went to pass him the cup, it was captured from me until it was cast towards the sun. Then I came over to the water to scoop it for a second time, and he was saying, ‘Thirst! Thirst! O you, quench me, or else I would die this very moment!’ But, it was captured from me and cast towards the sun, to the extent that it happened for a third time. So, I stood up and pulled my canteen and did not quench him’.
فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه واله: ذاك قابيل بن آدم قتل أخاه، وهو قوله عزوجل: ” والذين يدعون من دونه لا يستجيبون لهم بشئ إلا كباسط كفيه إلى الماء ليبلغ فاه وما هو ببالغه وما دعاء الكافرين إلا في ضلال
At that, Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘That is Qabeel-la son of Adam-as who killed his-la brother-as. And these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: and those who are being supplicated to from the ones besides Him are not answering to them with anything, but it’s like the one who extends his hands to the water to make it reach his mouth, and it does not reach it, and what is a supplication of the Kafirs except for straying? [13:14]’’.[104]
Verse 13:29
سَعْدُ السُّعُودِ، لِلسَّيِّدِ بْنِ طَاوُسٍ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ فِي مُخْتَصَرِ تَفْسِيرِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى النَّوْفَلِيُّ وَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحُسَيْنِيُّ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْكَاتِبُ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حُسَيْنِ الْبَزَّازُ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ مِهْرَانَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ عَنْ يُوسُفَ السَّرَّاجِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ الْعَمَّارِيُّ مِنْ وُلْدِ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص طُوبى لَهُمْ وَ حُسْنُ مَآبٍ أَتَى الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ الْكِنْدِيُّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ مَا طُوبَى
(The book) ‘Sa’ad Al Saoud’ of the Seyyid Bin Tawoos who said, ‘I saw in an Abrdiged Tafseer of Muhammad Bin Al Abbas Bin Marwan, ‘It is narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa Al Nowfaly, and Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al-Husayni, and Muhammad Bin Ahmad the scribe, and Muhammad in Al-Husayn Al Bazzaz who said, ‘It is narrated to us by Isa Bin Mihran who said, ‘It is informed to us by Muhammad Bin Bakkar Al Hamdany, from Yusuf Al Sarraj who said, ‘It is narrated to me by Abu Hureyra Al Ammary,
‘From A son of Ammar Bin Yasir-ra, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers‑asws, from Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘When it was Revealed unto Rasool-Allah-saww: (the tree of) Tooba would be for them and an excellent resort [13:29], Miqdad Al-Aswad Al-Kindy-ra came to Rasool-Allah-saww. He-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What is ‘Tooba’?’
قَالَ شَجَرَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ لَوْ سَارَ الرَّاكِبُ الْجَوَادِ لَسَارَ فِي ظِلِّهَا مِائَةَ عَامٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْطَعَهَا وَرَقُهَا بُرُودٌ خُضْرٌ وَ زَهْرُهَا رِيَاضٌ صُفْرٌ وَ أَقْنَاؤُهَا سُنْدُسٌ وَ إِسْتَبْرَقٌ وَ ثَمَرُهَا جلل [حُلَلٌ] خُضْرٌ وَ صَمْغُهَا زَنْجَبِيلٌ وَ عَسَلٌ وَ بَطْحَاؤُهَا يَاقُوتٌ أَحْمَرُ وَ زُمُرُّدٌ أَخْضَرُ وَ تُرَابُهَا مِسْكٌ وَ عَنْبَرٌ وَ حَشِيشُهَا زَعْفَرَانٌ يَنِيعٌ وَ أَلَنْجُوجٌ يَتَأَجَّجُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَقُودٍ وَ يَتَفَجَّرُ مِنْ أَصْلِهَا السَّلْسَبِيلُ وَ الرَّحِيقُ وَ الْمَعِينُ
He-saww said: ‘A tree in the Paradise. If a horse rider were to travel in its shade, it will be a hundred years before he can cut across it. Its leaves are greenish, and its flowers are yellowish, and its clusters are silk and brocade, and its fruits are green ornaments, and its combination is of ginger and honey, and its scatterings is of red rubies and green emeralds, and its soil is musk and ambergris, and its grass is ripe saffron, and the incense wood burns from without fire being ignited, and (the springs) Al-Salsabeel, and Al-Raheeq, and Al-Maeen burst out from its roots.
فَظِلُّهَا مَجْلِسٌ مِنْ مَجَالِسِ شِيعَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ يَجْمَعُهُمْ فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ يَوْماً فِي ظِلِّهَا يَتَحَدَّثُونَ إِذْ جَاءَتْهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَقُودُونَ نُجُباً قَدْ جُبِلَتْ مِنَ الْيَاقُوتِ لَمْ يُنْفَخْ فِيهَا الرُّوحُ مَزْمُومَةً بِسَلَاسِلَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ كَأَنَّ وُجُوهَهَا الْمَصَابِيحُ نَضَارَةً وَ حُسْناً وَبَرُهَا حَشْوٌ أَحْمَرُ وَ مِرْعِزٌّ أَبْيَضُ مُخْتَلِطَانِ
It will shade gatherings from the gatherings of Shias of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws in their entirety. One day while they would be discussing in its shade when the Angels will come to them bringing rides of sapphire. The soul will not have been blown into these. Reined with chains of gold, as if their faces are lamps of bliss, and their fur is excellent, their padding is red, and their skins of mixed white.
لَمْ يَنْظُرِ النَّاظِرُونَ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا حُسْناً وَ بَهَاءً ذُلُلٌ مِنْ غَيْرِ مَهَانَةٍ نُجُبٌ مِنْ غَيْرِ رِيَاضَةٍ عَلَيْهَا رجال [رِحَالٌ] أَلْوَانُهَا مِنَ الدُّرِّ وَ الْيَاقُوتِ مُفَضَّضَةً بِاللُّؤْلُؤِ وَ الْمَرْجَانِ صَفَائِحُهَا مِنَ الذَّهَبِ الْأَحْمَرِ مُلَبَّسَةً بِالْعَبْقَرِيِّ وَ الْأُرْجُوَانِ
The beholders would not have looked at any beauty like it, and glorious humiliation without disgrace, riding without exercise. Upon these would be luggage of colours of gems and rubies, silver coated with pearls, and the coral, its clearness is from red gold, clothed with ingenuity in purple.
فَأَنَاخُوا تِلْكَ النَّجَائِبَ إِلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ قَالُوا لَهُمْ رَبُّكُمْ يُقْرِئُكُمُ السَّلَامَ فَتَزُورُونَهُ فَيَنْظُرُ إِلَيْكُمْ وَ يُحْيِيكُمْ وَ يَزِيدُكُمْ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ وَ سَعَتِهِ فَإِنَّهُ ذُو رَحْمَةٍ وَاسِعَةٍ وَ فَضْلٍ عَظِيمٍ
Those rides will be knelt to them. Then they would say to them: ‘Your Lord-azwj Conveys the greetings to you all! So adorn it and He-azwj will Look at you and increase for you from His-azwj Grace and His-azwj Capaciousness, for He-azwj is with the capacious Mercy and Mighty Grace’.
قَالَ فَيَتَحَوَّلُ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ فَيَنْطَلِقُونَ صَفّاً وَاحِداً مُعْتَدِلًا لَا يُفَوِّتُ مِنْهُمْ شَيْءٌ شَيْئاً وَ لَا يُفَوِّتُ أُذُنُ نَاقَةٍ نَاقَتَهَا وَ لَا بَرَكَةُ نَاقَةٍ بَرَكَتَهَا وَ لَا يَمُرُّونَ بِشَجَرَةٍ مِنْ شَجَرِ الْجَنَّةِ إِلَّا أَتْحَفَتْهُمْ بِثِمَارِهَا وَ رَحَلَتْ لَهُمْ مِنْ طَرِيقِهِ كَرَاهِيَةٌ لِأَنْ تَنْثَلِمَ طَرِيقَتُهُمْ وَ أَنْ يُفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ وَ رَفِيقِهِ
He-saww said: ‘Every man from them will transfer upon his ride and they will go in one row, straight. Nothing will be lost from them, nor will an ear of a camel lose its camel, nor will a camel be kneels, nor will they be passing by a tree from the trees of Paradise except it will gift them with its fruits and give way for them from its path unwillingly because their path cannot be interrupted, and there will be a separation between the man and his friend.
فَلَمَّا رُفِعُوا إِلَى الْجَبَّارِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى قَالُوا رَبَّنَا أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ وَ مِنْكَ السَّلَامُ وَ لَكَ يَحِقُّ الْجَلَالُ وَ الْإِكْرَامُ
When there are raised to the Subduer, Blessed and Exalted, they will say, ‘Our Lord-azwj! You‑azwj are the Grantor of peace, and the peace is from You-azwj are rightful of the Majesty and the Honour!’
قَالَ فَقَالَ أَنَا السَّلَامُ وَ مِنِّي السَّلَامُ وَ لِي يَحِقُّ الْجَلَالُ وَ الْإِكْرَامُ فَمَرْحَباً بِعِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ حَفِظُوا وَصِيَّتِي فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي وَ رَاعُوا حَقِّي وَ خَلَّفُونِي بِالْغَيْبِ وَ كَانُوا مِنِّي عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ مُشْفِقِينَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-azwj shall Say: “I-azwj am the Grantor of peace, and the peace is from Me-azwj, and for Me-azwj is the right of the Majesty and the Honour! Welcome to My-azwj servants, those who had preserved My-azwj Advice regarding People-asws of My-azwj Household, and they took care of My-azwj rights, and represented Me-azwj in the unseen, and they were compassionate from Me-azwj upon every situation!”
قَالُوا أَمَا وَ عِزَّتِكَ وَ جَلَالِكَ مَا قَدَرْنَاكَ حَقَّ قَدْرِكَ وَ مَا أَدَّيْنَا إِلَيْكَ كُلَّ حَقِّكَ فَأْذَنْ لَنَا بِالسُّجُودِ
They said, ‘But, by Your-azwj Mighty, and Your-azwj Majestic! We did not appreciate You-azwj as is the right of appreciation, and we did not fulfill to You-azwj all of Your-azwj rights, so Permit for us to perform Sajdah’.
قَالَ لَهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنِّي قَدْ وَضَعْتُ عَنْكُمْ مَئُونَةَ الْعِبَادَةِ وَ أَرَحْتُ لَكُمْ أَبْدَانَكُمْ فَطَالَمَا أَنْصَبْتُمْ لِيَ الْأَبْدَانَ وَ عَنِتُّمْ لِيَ الْوُجُوهَ فَالْآنَ أَفْضَيْتُمْ إِلَى رُوحِي وَ رَحْمَتِي فَاسْأَلُونِي مَا شِئْتُمْ وَ تَمَنَّوْا عَلَيَّ أُعْطِكُمْ أَمَانِيَّكُمْ
Their Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic will Say to them: “I-azwj Set aside the provisions of worship away from you all and I-azwj have Rested your bodies for you. For long you had been toiling your bodies for Me-azwj and tires the faces for Me-azwj. So now, I-azwj shall Entertain you all to My-azwj Soul and My-azwj Mercy, so ask Me-azwj whatever you so Desire to, and wish to Me-azwj, I-azwj shall Grant your wishes.
وَ إِنِّي لَمْ أَجْزِكُمُ الْيَوْمَ بِأَعْمَالِكُمْ وَ لَكِنْ بِرَحْمَتِي وَ كَرَامَتِي وَ طَوْلِي وَ عَظِيمِ شَأْنِي وَ بِحُبِّكُمْ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص
And I-azwj will not Recompense you today due to your deeds, but due to My-azwj Mercy, and My-azwj Benevolence, and My-azwj Long-handedness, and Magnificence of My-azwj Glory, and due to your love for People-asws of the Household of Muhammad-saww!”
فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا يَا مِقْدَادُ مُحِبِّي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فِي الْعَطَايَا وَ الْمَوَاهِبِ حَتَّى إِنَّ الْمُقَصِّرَ مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ لَيَتَمَنَّى فِي أُمْنِيَّتِهِ مِثْلَ جَمِيعِ الدُّنْيَا مُنْذُ خَلَقَهَا اللَّهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
O Miqdad-ra! The ones loving Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws will not cease to be in the awards and the gifts to the extent that reducer from his-asws Shias would wish in his wishing similar to entirety of the world, since Allah-azwj had Created it up to the Day of Qiyamah.
قَالَ لَهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَقَدْ قَصَّرْتُمْ فِي أَمَانِيِّكُمْ وَ رَضِيتُمْ بِدُونِ مَا يَحِقُّ لَكُمْ فَانْظُرُوا إِلَى مَوَاهِبِ رَبِّكُمْ
Their Lord-azwj Blessed and Exalted will Say to them: “You have been deficient in your wishes, and you are pleased with less than what is rightful for you, so look at the Gifts of your Lord-azwj!”
فَإِذَا بِقُبَابٍ وَ قُصُورٍ فِي أَعْلَى عِلِّيِّينَ مِنَ الْيَاقُوتِ الْأَحْمَرِ وَ الْأَخْضَرِ وَ الْأَبْيَضِ وَ الْأَصْفَرِ يَزْهَرُ نُورُهَا فَلَوْ لَا أَنَّهُ مُسَخَّرٌ مُسَخَّدٌ إِذاً لَلَمَعَتِ الْأَبْصَارُ مِنْهَا
And behold, there will be domes and castles in the high Illiyeen, of the rubies, the red, and the green, and the white and the yellow. Their light will be so apparent that had He-azwj not Subdued their shine, the sights would have been blinded from it.
فَمَا كَانَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْقُصُورِ مِنَ الْيَاقُوتِ مَفْرُوشٌ بِالسُّنْدُسِ الْأَخْضَرِ وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْهَا مِنَ الْيَاقُوتِ الْأَبْيَضِ فَهُوَ مَفْرُوشٌ بِالرِّيَاطِ الصُّفْرِ مَبْثُوثَةٌ بِالزَّبَرْجَدِ الْأَخْضَرِ وَ الْفِضَّةِ الْبَيْضَاءِ وَ الذَّهَبِ الْأَحْمَرِ قَوَاعِدُهَا وَ أَرْكَانُهَا مِنَ الْجَوْهَرِ يُنَوِّرُ مِنْ أَبْوَابِهَا وَ أَعْرَاضِهَا نُورٌ شُعَاعُ الشَّمْسِ عِنْدَهُ مِثْلُ الْكَوْكَبِ الدُّرِّيِّ فِي النَّهَارِ الْمُضِيءِ
Whatever from those castles being from the rubies would be furnished with the green silk, and whatever from these are from white rubies would be furnished with the yellow ribbons, carpeted with the green emeralds, and the white silver, and the red gold. Its pillars are from jewels radiating from is doors, and its presentation is the light of the rays of the sun in the presence of the shining star illuminating at daytime.
وَ إِذَا عَلَى بَابِ كُلِّ قَصْرٍ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْقُصُورِ جَنَّتَانِ مُدْهامَّتانِ فِيهِما مِنْ كُلِّ فاكِهَةٍ زَوْجانِ فَلَمَّا أَرَادُوا الِانْصِرَافَ إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِمْ حُوِّلُوا عَلَى بَرَاذِينَ مِنْ نُورٍ بِأَيْدِي وِلْدَانٍ مُخَلَّدِينَ بِيَدِ كُلِّ وَلِيدٍ مِنْهُمْ حَكَمَةُ بِرْذَوْنٍ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْبَرَاذِينِ لُجُمُهَا وَ أَعِنَّتُهَا مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ الْبَيْضَاءِ وَ أَثْفَارُهَا مِنَ الْجَوَاهِرِ
And there, at the door of every castle from those castles are two gardens, Both being plush green [55:64] In both of them are pairs of every fruit [55:52]. When they intend to go to their houses, they will be transported upon horses of light by the hands of eternal young boys. In the hand of every boy will be a rein of a horse from those horses, entwined with white silver, and its harness is of jewels.
فَإِذَا دَخَلُوا مَنَازِلَهُمْ وَجَدُوا الْمَلَائِكَةَ يُهَنِّئُونَهُمْ بِكَرَامَةِ رَبِّهِمْ حَتَّى إِذَا اسْتَقَرَّ قَرَارَهُمْ قِيلَ لَهُمْ هَلْ وَجَدْتُمْ مَا وَعَدَكُمْ رَبُّكُمْ حَقًّا قالُوا نَعَمْ رَبَّنَا رَضِينَا فَارْضَ عَنَّا
When they enter their houses, they will find Angels congratulating them for the honours of their Lord-azwj until when they settle in their settlements, it shall be said to them: ‘Have you found what your Lord-azwj had Promised as being true?’ They will say, ‘Yes, our Lord-azwj has Pleased us, He-azwj is Pleased from us’.
قَالَ بِرِضَايَ عَنْكُمْ وَ بِحُبِّكُمْ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّي حَلَلْتُمْ دَارِي
He-azwj shall Say: “Due to My-azwj be Pleased with you all, and due to your love for People-asws of the Household of My-azwj Prophet-saww! You are legalised of My-azwj House!”
وَ صَافَحْتُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ فَهَنِيئاً هَنِيئاً عَطاءً غَيْرَ مَجْذُوذٍ لَيْسَ فِيهِ تَنْغِيصٌ فَعِنْدَهَا قالُوا الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَذْهَبَ عَنَّا الْحَزَنَ إِنَّ رَبَّنا لَغَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ الَّذِي أَحَلَّنا دارَ الْمُقامَةِ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ لا يَمَسُّنا فِيها نَصَبٌ وَ لا يَمَسُّنا فِيها لُغُوبٌ
And the Angels will shake their hands (saying): ‘Congratulations! Congratulations! a Gift without interruption [11:108]. There wouldn’t be any disturbance in it. And they shall say, ‘The Praise is for Allah Who Removed the grief from us. Surely our Lord is Forgiving, Appreciative [35:34] Who Transferred us to the house of eternal settlement, from His Grace. Neither shall toil touch us therein nor shall fatigue touch us therein [35:35]’.
قَالَ لَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيُّ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى قَالَ لَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ مِهْرَانَ قَرَأْتُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ يَوْماً عَلَى قَوْمٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْحَدِيثِ فَقُلْتُ أَبْرَأُ إِلَيْكُمْ مِنْ عُهْدَةِ الْحَدِيثِ فَإِنَّ يُوسُفَ السَّرَّاجَ لَا أَعْرِفُهُ
Abu Muhammad Al-Nowfaly Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa said to us, ‘Isa Bin Mihran said to us, ‘One day I read this Hadeeth to a group of the companions of the Hadeeth. I said, ‘I absolve you all from the custody of the Hadeeth, for Yusuf Al-Saraj does not recognise it’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ رَأَيْتُ فِي مَنَامِي كَأَنَّ إِنْسَاناً جَاءَنِي وَ مَعَهُ كِتَابٌ وَ فِيهِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ حَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْقَزَّازِ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْكِنْدِيِّ مِنْ تَحْتِ شَجَرَةِ طُوبَى وَ قَدْ أَنْجَزَ لَنَا رَبُّنَا مَا وَعَدَنَا فَاحْتَفِظْ بِمَا فِي يَدَيْكَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تَقْرَأْ مِنْهَا كِتَاباً إِلَّا أَشْرَقَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ
When it was from the night, I saw in my dream as if there was a person who had come to me and with him was a letter, and in it was: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful! From Mahmoud Bin Ibrahim and Hassan Bin Al-Husayn and Yahya Bin Al-Hassan and Ali Bin Al-Qasim Al-Kindy, from beneath the tree of Tooba, and our Lord-azwj has Fulfilled for us what He-azwj had Promised, with what is in your hand from this Verse, for you did not recite any letter from it except the Paradise had shone for it’’.[105]
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘I-asws testify upon my-asws father-asws that he-asws had said: ‘There is nothing between one of you and happiness, and him seeing what his eyes would be delighted with, except his soul reaching this’ – and he-asws gestured by his-asws hand to his-asws throat- : ‘And Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted has Said: And We had Sent Rasools from before you and We Made wives and offspring to be for them. [13:38], so by Allah-azwj, we-asws are the offspring of Rasool-Allah-saww’’.[106]
Verse 13:31:
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: And those who are committing Kufr will not cease to being hit due to what they are doing, by a calamity – and it is the nemesis, or it being released near to their houses – they are seeing that and hearing it, and those with whom the disobedience of the Kafirs is released, are similar to them, and they do not advise each other, and they will never cease to be like that, until there comes the Promised threat of Allah [13:31] – which the Momineen are Promised from the Help and disgracing of the Kafirs’’.[107]
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st regarding Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: And even though the Quran is such, the mountain can be moved by it, or the land can be travelled by it, or the dead can be made to speak by it. [13:31]. Allah-azwj the Exalted has Made us-asws inherit this Quran, and in itis what the mountain can be moved by it, and the cities can be traversed by it, and the dead can be revived by it.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ الْعَزِيزِ وَ ما مِنْ غائِبَةٍ فِي السَّماءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا فِي كِتابٍ مُبِينٍ وَ قَالَ تَعَالَى ثُمَّ أَوْرَثْنَا الْكِتابَ الَّذِينَ اصْطَفَيْنا فَنَحْنُ اصْطَفَانَا اللَّهُ جَلَّ اسْمُهُ فَوَرَّثَنَا هَذَا الْكِتَابَ الَّذِي فِيهِ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ
Allah-azwj the Exalted is Saying is His-azwj Mighty Book: And there is nothing from the unseen in the sky and the earth except it is in a Clarifying Book [27:75], and the Exalted Said: Then We Gave the Book as an inheritance to those We Chose [35:32]. We-asws are the one, Allah-azwj Majestic is His-azwj Name, has Chosen and Made us-asws inherit this Book in which are all things’’.[108]
Verse 13:38:
ابن فضال، عن علي بن عقبة، عن عبد الله بن الوليد النخعي قال: سمعت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام يقول: أشهد على أبي عليه السلام أنه كان يقول: ما بين أحدكم وبين أن يغتبط ويرى ما تقر به عينه إلا أن تبلغ نفسه هذه – وأومأ بيده إلى حلقه – وقد قال الله تبارك وتعالى: ” ولقد أرسلنا رسلا من قبلك وجعلنا لهم أزواجا وذرية ” فنحن والله ذرية رسول الله صلى الله عليه واله
Ibn Fazal, from Ali Bin Aqaba, from Abdullah Bin Al Waleed Al Nakhaie who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘I-asws testify upon my-asws father-asws that he-asws had said: ‘There is nothing between one of you and happiness, and him seeing what his eyes would be delighted with, except his soul reaching this’ – and he-asws gestured by his-asws hand to his-asws throat- : ‘And Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted has Said: And We had Sent Rasools from before you and We Made wives and offspring to be for them. [13:38], so by Allah-azwj, we-asws are the offspring of Rasool-Allah-saww’’.[109]
Verse 13:39
‘From Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘I-asws and Rasool-Allah-saww will be at the Fountain and with us-asws will be our-asws families. The one who wants us-asws (to stay in our-asws service), so let him take with our-asws words and let him-asws work with our-asws deeds!
فَإِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ لَنَا شَفَاعَةٌ فَتَنَافَسُوا فِي لِقَائِنَا عَلَى الْحَوْضِ فَإِنَّا نَذُودُ عَنْهُ أَعْدَاءَنَا وَ نَسْقِي مِنْهُ أَوْلِيَاءَنَا وَ مَنْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ لَمْ يَظْمَأْ أَبَداً
We-asws are People-asws of the Household. There is (a right of) intercession for us-asws, therefore compete in meeting us-asws at the Fountain, for we-asws shall be impeding our-asws enemies from it, and we-asws shall be quenching our-asws friends from it, and the one who drinks from it, will not be thirsty, ever!
وَ حَوْضُنَا مُتْرَعٌ فِيهِ مَثْعَبَانِ يَنْصَبَّانِ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ أَحَدُهُمَا تَسْنِيمٌ وَ الْآخَرُ مَعِينٌ عَلَى حَافَتَيْهِ الزَّعْفَرَانُ وَ حَصْبَاهُ الدُّرُّ وَ الْيَاقُوتُ وَ إِنَّ الْأُمُورَ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ لَيْسَتْ إِلَى الْعِبَادِ وَ لَوْ كَانَتْ إِلَى الْعِبَادِ مَا اخْتَارُوا عَلَيْنَا أَحَداً وَ لَكِنَّهُ يَخْتَصُّ بِرَحْمَتِهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ
And our-asws Fountain is such a field that there are two springs pouring into it from the Paradise – one of them is ‘Tasneem’ and the other one is ‘Maeen’. Upon its edges is the saffron (as grass), and its pebbles are of gems and rubies, and the matter is up to Allah-azwj and it isn’t up to the servants. Had it been up to the servants, they would not have chosen anyone over us-asws, but He-azwj Chooses the ones He-azwj so Desires from Him-azwj Mercy.
فَاحْمَدِ اللَّهَ عَلَى مَا اخْتَصَّكُمْ بِهِ مِنَ النِّعَمِ وَ عَلَى طِيبِ الْمَوْلِدِ فَإِنَّ ذِكْرَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ شِفَاءٌ مِنَ الْوَعْكِ وَ الْأَسْقَامِ وَ وَسْوَاسِ الرَّيْبِ وَ إِنَّ حُبَّنَا رِضَى الرَّبِّ
Therefore, praise Allah-azwj upon what He-azwj has Specialised you (Shias) with, from the bounties and upon the goodness of the birth, for our-asws Zikr (mention), of People-asws of the Household, is a healing from the malaise and the sickness, and the hesitation of the doubts, and having our-asws love Pleases the Lord-azwj.
وَ الْآخِذُ بِأَمْرِنَا وَ طَرِيقَتِنَا مَعَنَا غَداً فِي حَظِيرَةِ الْقُدْسِ وَ الْمُنْتَظِرُ لِأَمْرِنَا كَالْمُتَشَحِّطِ بِدَمِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ مَنْ سَمِعَ وَاعِيَتَنَا فَلَمْ يَنْصُرْنَا أَكَبَّهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى مَنْخِرَيْهِ فِي النَّارِ
And the one taking with our-asws matter and our-asws paths will be with us-asws tomorrow in a Holy enclosure (Paradise), and the one awaiting for our-asws matter is like the one smeared in his blood in the Way of Allah-azwj, and the one who hear our-asws cry but does not help us-asws, Allah-azwj will Fling him upon his nostrils into the Fire.
نَحْنُ الْبَابُ إِذَا بُعِثُوا فَضَاقَتْ بِهِمُ الْمَذَاهِبُ نَحْنُ بَابُ حِطَّةٍ وَ هُوَ بَابُ الْإِسْلَامِ مَنْ دَخَلَهُ نَجَا وَ مَنْ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُ هَوَى
We-asws are the door. When they (people) are Resurrected, the doctrines will be narrow with them. We-asws are the door of ‘Hitta’, and it is the door of Al-Islam. One who enters it will attain salvation, and one staying behind from it would collapse.
بِنَا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ وَ بِنَا يَخْتِمُ وَ بِنَا يَمْحُوا اللَّهُ ما يَشاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ بِنَا يُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ فَلَا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ بِاللَّهِ الْغَرُورُ لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ مَا لَكُمْ فِي الْغَنَاءِ بَيْنَ أَعْدَائِكُمْ وَ صَبْرِكُمْ عَلَى الْأَذَى لَقَرَّتْ أَعْيُنُكُمْ
Allah-azwj Began with us-asws and He-azwj will be Ending with us-asws. Allah Deletes and Affirms whatever He so Desires to [13:39], and due to us-asws rains fall. Do not let the deceiver deceive you all! If you were to know what is for you in the riches between your enemies and your patience upon the harm, your eyes would be delighted.
وَ لَوْ فَقَدْتُمُونِي لَرَأَيْتُمْ أُمُوراً يَتَمَنَّى أَحَدُكُمُ الْمَوْتَ مِمَّا يَرَى مِنَ الْجَوْرِ وَ الْعُدْوَانِ وَ الْأَثَرَةِ وَ الِاسْتِخْفَافِ بِحَقِّ اللَّهِ وَ الْخَوْفِ فَإِذَا كَانَ كَذَلِكَ فَ اعْتَصِمُوا بِحَبْلِ اللَّهِ جَمِيعاً وَ لا تَفَرَّقُوا
And if you were to lose me-asws, you would see such affairs, (every) one of you will be wishing for the death from what he sees, from the tyranny, and the aggression, and the selfishness, and the taking lightly with the rights of Allah-azwj, and the fear. So when it would be like that, then hold firmly with the Rope of Allah altogether and do not be disunited, [3:103].
وَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالصَّبْرِ وَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ التَّقِيَّةِ وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يُبْغِضُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الْمُتَلَوِّنَ
And upon you all is to be with the patience, and the Salat, and the Taqiyyah (dissimulation), and know that Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Hates the ones from His-azwj servants, the colourful (dressed).
فَلَا تَزُولُوا عَنِ الْحَقِّ وَ وَلَايَةِ أَهْلِ الْحَقِّ فَإِنَّهُ مَنِ اسْتَبْدَلَ بِنَا هَلَكَ وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ أَثَرَنَا لَحِقَ وَ مَنْ سَلَكَ غَيْرَ طَرِيقِنَا غَرِقَ وَ إِنَّ لِمُحِبِّينَا أَفْوَاجاً مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ وَ إِنَّ لِمُبْغِضِينَا أَفْوَاجاً مِنْ عَذَابِ اللَّهِ طَرِيقُنَا الْقَصْدُ وَ فِي أَمْرِنَا الرُّشْدُ
So do not decline from the truth and Wilayah of the truth, for the one who replaces us-asws (with others) will be destroyed, and the one who follows our-asws traces (Ahadeeth) would catch up, and the one who travels other than our path will be drowned, and that for the one who loves us-asws would be groups from the Mercy of Allah-azwj, and for the ones hating us-asws would be groups from the Punishments of Allah-azwj. Our-asws path is the moderate and in our-asws matter there is rightful guidance.
أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَى مَنَازِلِ شِيعَتِنَا كَمَا يُرَى الْكَوْكَبُ الدُّرِّيُّ فِي السَّمَاءِ لَا يَضِلُّ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنَا وَ لَا يَهْتَدِي مَنْ أَنْكَرَنَا وَ لَا يَنْجُو مَنْ أَعَانَ عَلَيْنَا عَدُوَّنَا وَ لَا يُعَانُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَنَا
The people of Paradise will be looking at the dwellings of our-asws Shias just as one sees the shining star in the sky. He will not stray, the one who follows us-asws, nor will he be guided, the one who denies us-asws, and he will not attain salvation, one who assists our-asws enemies against us-asws and does not assist the one who is at peace with us-asws.
فَلَا تَخَلَّفُوا عَنَّا لِطَمَعِ دُنْيَا بِحُطَامٍ زَائِلٍ عَنْكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَزُولُونَ عَنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ آثَرَ الدُّنْيَا عَلَيْنَا عَظُمَتْ حَسْرَتُهُ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يا حَسْرَتى عَلى ما فَرَّطْتُ فِي جَنْبِ اللَّهِ
So do not stay behind from us-asws for greed of the world for the debris to be declining away from you and you will be declining away from it, for the one who prefers the world over us-asws, his regret would be mighty, and Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: ‘O regret, upon what I wasted regarding the Side of Allah, [39:56].
سِرَاجُ الْمُؤْمِنِ مَعْرِفَةُ حَقِّنَا وَ أَشَدُّ الْعَمَى مَنْ عَمِيَ مِنْ فَضْلِنَا وَ نَاصَبَنَا الْعَدَاوَةَ بِلَا ذَنْبٍ إِلَّا أَنْ دَعَوْنَاهُ إِلَى الْحَقِّ وَ دَعَاهُ غَيْرُنَا إِلَى الْفِتْنَةِ فَآثَرَهَا عَلَيْنَا
A lamp of the Momin is recognition of our-asws rights, and the most severely blind is the one blinded from our-asws merits and establishes the enmity to us-asws without any sin (from us-asws), except that we-asws calling him to the truth and others are calling him to the discord (Fitna), so he prefers it over us-asws.
لَنَا رَايَةٌ مَنِ اسْتَظَلَّ بِهَا كَنَّتْهُ وَ مَنْ سَبَقَ إِلَيْهَا فَازَ وَ مَنْ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهَا هَلَكَ وَ مَنْ تَمَسَّكَ بِهَا نَجَا
For us-asws there is a flag, one who shades with it, it will shelter him, and one who precedes to it would succeed, and the one staying behind from it would be destroyed, and one adhering with it would attain salvation.
أَنْتُمْ عُمَّارُ الْأَرْضِ الَّذِينَ اسْتَخْلَفَكُمْ فِيهَا لِيَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ فَرَاقِبُوا اللَّهَ فِيمَا يَرَى مِنْكُمْ وَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْمَحَجَّةِ الْعُظْمَى فَاسْلُكُوهَا لَا يَسْتَبْدِلْ بِكُمْ غَيْرَكُمْ سارِعُوا إِلى مَغْفِرَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ جَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا السَّماواتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ أُعِدَّتْ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ
You (Shias) are builders of the earth, the ones having been made to be caliphs in it in order to look how you are learning. So be watchful of Allah-azwj regarding whatever is seen from you, and upon you is to be with the mighty argumentation, so travel it, others should not be replacing you all. And hasten to Forgiveness from your Lord; and a Garden, the extensiveness of which is (as) the skies and the earth, prepared for the pious [3:133].
فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ لَنْ تَنَالُوهَا إِلَّا بِالتَّقْوَى وَ مَنْ تَرَكَ الْأَخْذَ عَمَّنْ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِطَاعَتِهِ قَيَّضَ اللَّهُ لَهُ شَيْطاناً فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِينٌ
Know that you (Shias) will never be achieving except being with the piety, and the one who leaves the taking from the ones Allah-azwj has Commanded with obeying him, Allah-azwj would Allocate a Satan-la for him, and he-la would be his pair.
مَا بَالُكُمْ قَدْ رَكَنْتُمْ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا وَ رَضِيتُمْ بِالضَّيْمِ وَ فَرَّطْتُمْ فِيمَا فِيهِ عِزُّكُمْ وَ سَعَادَتُكُمْ وَ قُوَّتُكُمْ عَلَى مَنْ بَغَى عَلَيْكُمْ لَا مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ تَسْتَحْيُونَ وَ لَا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ تَنْظُرُونَ وَ أَنْتُمْ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ تُضَامُونَ وَ لَا تَنْتَبِهُونَ مِنْ رَقْدَتِكُمْ وَ لَا تَنْقَضِي فَتْرَتُكُمْ
What is the matter with you all inclining towards the world, and you are pleased with the injustices, and you are fleeing regarding what there is your honour and your happiness? And you strength upon the one who rebels against you is not from your Lord-azwj. You are embarrassed and not for yourselves, you are waiting and during every day you are being pressed and you are not waking up from your slumber, nor are your terms coming to an end.
أَ مَا تَرَوْنَ إِلَى دِينِكُمْ يَبْلَى وَ أَنْتُمْ فِي غَفْلَةِ الدُّنْيَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ وَ لا تَرْكَنُوا إِلَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا فَتَمَسَّكُمُ النَّارُ وَ ما لَكُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مِنْ أَوْلِياءَ ثُمَّ لا تُنْصَرُونَ
Are you not looking at your religion decaying while you are in the heedlessness of the world? Allah-azwj, Mighty is His-azwj Mention, Says: And you should not incline towards those who are unjust, so the Fire would touch you, and there would not a Guardian for you all from besides Allah, then you will not be helped [11:113]’’.[110]
[1] تفسير القمي، ج1، ص: 359
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 9, The book of Argumentation, Ch 1 H 79
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 18, The book of our Prophet-saww, P 3 Ch 1 H 26
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 4, The book of Tawheed, S 2, Ch 2 H 40
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 4, The book of Tawheed, S 2, Ch 2 H 8
[6] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 6, The book of Justice, S 1, Ch 22 H 3
[7] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 6, The book of Justice, S 1, Ch 22 H 4
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 9, The book of Argumentation, Ch 1 H 94
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 65 – The book of Eman and Kufr – Ch 15 H 74
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 6, The book of Justice, S 3, Ch 11 H 28
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 65 – The book of Eman and Kufr – Ch 18 H 23
[12] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 6, The book of Justice, S 1, Ch 22 H 1
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 65 – The book of Eman and Kufr – Ch 15 H 34
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 4, The book of Tawheed, S 2, Ch 2 H 33
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 4, The book of Tawheed, S 2, Ch 3 H 4
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 65 – The book of Eman and Kufr – Ch 15 H 113
[17] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 26, The book of Imamate, P 3 Ch 14 H 2
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 26, The book of Imamate, P 4 Ch 1 H 147
[19] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 202/ 1.
[20] خواص القرآن: 3، مجمع البيان 6: 419
[21] خواص القرآن: 42 «مخطوط»
[22] معاني الأخبار: 22/ 1.
[23] تفسير القمّي 2: 328
[24] الكافي 1: 99/ 7.
[25] الكافي 1: 99/ 9.
[26] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 203/ 4.
[27] شواهد التنزيل 1: 288/ 395
[28] التوحيد: 406/ 4.
[29] Basaair Al Darajaat – P 1 Ch 13 H 2
[30] Bashaarat Al Mustafasaww Li Shia Al Murtazaasws – P 7 H 51
[31] Basaair Al Darajaat – P 1 Ch 13 H 3
[32] المناقب 3: 84.
[33] الأمالي 2: 282.
[34] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 10 H 2
[35] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 10 H 1
[36] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 10 H 4
[37] كمال الدين و تمام النعمة: 667/ 9، ينابيع المودة: 100.
[38] Basaair Al Darajaat – P 1 Ch 13 H 9
[39] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 203/ 6.
[40] مائة منقبة: 22/ 4، مقتل الحسين (عليه السّلام) للخوارزمي 1: 145
[41] Tafseer Abu Hamza Al Sumaly – H 155
[42] Kitab Suleym Bin Qays – H 17
[43] الأمالي: 227/ 13، شواهد التنزيل 1: 300/ 413.
[44] Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zaahira – P 231
[45] روضة الواعظين: 104، 116.
[46] كفاية الأثر: 162
[47] كفاية الأثر: 260
[48] تفسير القمّي 1: 359.
[49] Kitab Suleym Bin Qays – H 26 (Extract)
[50] Al Kafi – V 7 – The Book of Aqeeqa Ch 6 H 2
[51] تفسير العياشي 2: 204/ 12
[52] معاني الآخبار: 146/ 1.
[53] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Tawheed (Oneness of Allahazwj) CH 22 H 1 (Extracts)
[54] تفسير القمي 1: 360
[55] تفسير القمّي 1: 360.
[56] Tafseer Abu Hamza Al Sumaly – H 156
[57] Al Kafi – V 8 H 14816
[58] معاني الأخبار: 270/ 2.
[59] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 206/ 19.
[60] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 206/ 21
[61] قرب الإسناد: 158
[62] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 205/ 18
[63] تفسير القمّي 1: 360.
[64] عيون أخبار الرّضا (عليه السّلام) 1: 294/ 51.
[65] Al Kafi – H 14774
[66] تفسير العياشي 2: 207/ 23.
[67] تفسير العياشي 2: 207/ 22.
[68] من لا يحضره الفقيه / ج1 / 526 – H 1498
[69] الكافي 2: 363/ 1.
[70] الكافي 2: 363/ 2.
[71] الأمالي 2: 99.
[72] Tafseer Imam Hassan Al Askariasws – S 67
[73] تفسير القمّي 1: 361.
[74]تفسير القمّي 1: 361.
[75] تفسير القمّي 1: 362
[76] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Supplication CH 48 H 1
[77] تفسير القمّي 1: 361
[78] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 207/ 24.
[79] الاحتجاج: 249.
[80] مجمع البيان 6: 442
[81] المناقب 3: 61.
[82] Al Mahaasin – V 1 Bk 4 – H 135
[83] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Intellect and Ignorance CH 1 H 11
[84] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 208/ 26.
[85] Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zahir – P 232 H 8
[86] تفسير القمّي 1: 363
[87] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 68 H 27
[88] Kitab Al Zohad – Ch 5 H 99
[89] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 68 H 7
[90] الكافي 3: 498/ 8.
[91] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 68 H 28
[92] Al Kafi – V 5 – The Book of Subsistence Ch 25 H 1
[93] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 209/ 34.
[94] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 210/ 39.
[95] Al Kafi V 2 – The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 68 H 23
[96] Al Kafi – V 7 The Book of Bequests Ch 35 H 10
[97] تفسير العيّاشي 2: 208/ 30.
[98] المناقب 2: 168.
[99] Tafseer Imam Hassan Al Askariasws – S 12
[100] تفسير القمّي 1: 364.
[101] تفسير القمّي 1: 364
[102] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 9, The book of Argumentation, Ch 1 H 79
[103] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 6, The book of Justice, S 1, Ch 22 H 6
[104] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 6, The book of Justice, S 2, Ch 9 H 16
[105] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 65 – The book of Eman and Kufr – Ch 15 H 131
[106] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 6, The book of Justice, S 2, Ch 7 H 15
[107] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 9, The book of Argumentation, Ch 1 H 95
[108] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 26, The book of Imamate, P 4 Ch 1 H 149
[109] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 6, The book of Justice, S 2, Ch 7 H 15
[110] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 65 – The book of Eman and Kufr – Ch 15 H 113