Introduction:
Allah-azwj has Mentioned ‘سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ’ (Sabeel-Allah) in the Holy Quran in 65 places, it literally means ‘Way of Allah’. However, there is no physical ‘Way of Allah’ so it’s the path or one’s conduct which leads one to the proximity of Allah-azwj. How can we achieve this? Simply, one can follow the ‘Way of Allah’ by tracing the foot-steps of the Divine representatives Sent Down by Allah-azwj– to follow their-asws Sunnah (traditions), and to submit to their ‘Wilayah’ (Commands) as revealed in the Holy Quran and explained through the Ahadith. For example, Allah-azwj Says:
ثَانِيَ عِطْفِهِ لِيُضِلَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۖ لَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا خِزْيٌ ۖ وَنُذِيقُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَذَابَ الْحَرِيقِ {922:}
The second (one)[1] in pride turned away from the Way of Allah. For him would be disgrace in the world, and on the Day of Judgment We will Make him taste the Punishment of burning [22:9]
شرف الدين النجفي: تأويله جاء في باطن تفسير أهل البيت (صلوات الله عليهم)، عن حماد بن عيسى، قال: حدثني بعض أصحابنا حديثا يرفعه إلى أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام) أنه قال: وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يُجادِلُ فِي اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَ لا هُدىً وَ لا كِتابٍ مُنِيرٍ ثانِيَ عِطْفِهِ لِيُضِلَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قال: هو الأول، ثاني عطفه إلى الثاني، و ذلك لما أقام رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) الإمام عليا علما للناس، و قالا: و الله لا نفي له بهذا أبدا.
Sharaf Al Deen Al Najafy – Its esoteric explanation has come in the explanations of the People -asws of the Household, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from one of his companions raising it to,
Regarding this: ‘And from the people there is one who disputes regarding Allah with neither having knowledge nor a Guidance nor an illuminating Book [22:8] The second (one) in pride turned away from the Way of Allah [22:9], Amir-Al-Momineen-asws has said: ‘‘He is the first one (Abu Bakr), turning away haughtily towards the second one (Umar), and that is (happened) when Rasool-Allah-saww nominated the Imam Ali-asws as a Guide for the people and they both said: ‘By Allah-azwj! We will deny this for him-saww forever’.[2]
ابن شهرآشوب: عن جعفر، و أبي جعفر (عليهما السلام)، في قوله تعالى: الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا: يعني بني أمية.
Ibn Shehr Ashub,
Ja’far-asws and Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: Those who commit Kufr [47:1] – Meaning the Clan of Umayya,
وَ صَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عن ولاية علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام)»
And hinder from the ‘سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ’ – from the Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.[3]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ الْهِلَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ وَلَايَةُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ( عليه السلام ) وَ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) سَلِّمُوا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَكَانَ مِمَّا أَكَّدَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ يَا زَيْدُ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) لَهُمَا قُومَا فَسَلِّمَا عَلَيْهِ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَا أَ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَوْ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ
Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Mansour Bin Yunus, from Zayd Bin Al Jahm Al Hilaly,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘When the Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws was Revealed, it was from the words of Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘Greet upon Ali-asws as Amir Al-Momineen (The Commander of the Believers)’. And this was from what Allah-azwj had Affirmed upon them both (Abu Bakr and Umar) during that day, O Zayd. The words of Rasool-Allah-saww to them both (Abu Bakr and Umar) were: ‘Arise you both and greet upon him-asws as Amir Al-Momineen-asws’. So they said, ‘Is it from Allah-azwj or from His-azwj Rasool-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ So Rasool-Allah-saww said to them: ‘(It is) from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww’. (An extract, see the rest of the Hadith in Appendix).[4]
The Enemies of the ‘Sabeel Allah’:
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَصَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَضَلَّ أَعْمَالَهُمْ {147:}
Those who commit Kufr and hinder from the Way of Allah, their deeds would be lost [47:1]
و عنه، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد الكاتب، عن حميد بن الربيع، عن عبيد بن موسى، قال: أخبرنا فطر بن إبراهيم، عن أبي الحسن موسى (عليه السلام)، أنه قال: «من أراد أن يعلم فضلنا على عدونا، فليقرأ هذه السورة التي يذكر فيها الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَ صَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فينا آية، و فيهم آية، إلى آخرها».
And from him, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al-Katib, from Hameed Bin Al-Rabi’e, from Ubeyd Bin Musa, from Fatar Bin Ibrahim,
Abu Al-Hassan-asws Musa-asws has said: ‘The one who intends to know our-asws merits upon our-asws enemies, so he should recite this Chapter in which is Mentioned: Those who commit Kufr and hinder from the Way of Allah [47:1]. Regarding us-asws is a Verse, and regarding them is a Verse, up to its end’.[5]
ابن شهرآشوب: عن جعفر، و أبي جعفر (عليهما السلام)، في قوله تعالى: الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا: يعني بني أمية وَ صَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عن ولاية علي بن أبي طالب (عليه السلام)».
Ibn Shehr Ashub,
Ja’far-asws and Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: Those who commit Kufr [47:1] – Meaning the Clan of Umayya, and hinder from the Way of Allah – from the Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.[6]
The ‘سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ’ (Way of Allah) is Ali-asws Ibn Abi Talib-asws:
ابن بابويه: عن أبيه، قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن محمد بن الحسين، عن محمد بن سنان، عن عمار بن مروان، عن المنخل، عن جابر، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: سألته عن هذه الآية في قول الله عز و جل: وَ لَئِنْ قُتِلْتُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَوْ مُتُّمْ. قال: فقال: «أ تدري ما سبيل الله»؟ قلت: لا و الله حتى أسمعه منك. قال: «سبيل الله: علي (عليه السلام) و ذريته، من قتل في ولايته قتل في سبيل الله، و من مات في ولايته مات في سبيل الله».
Ibn babuwayh, from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Amaar Bin Marwaan, from Mankhal, from Jabir, from
Abu Ja’far-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about this Verse regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic And whether you are slain in the Way of Allah or you die [3:157]. He-asws said: ‘Do you know what is the Way of Allah-azwj?’ I said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, until I hear it from you-asws’.
He-asws said: ‘سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ’ (The Way of Allah) is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and his-asws descendants. The one who is killed in his-asws Wilayah has been killed in the Way of Allah-azwj, and the one who dies in his-asws Wilayah has died in the Way of Allah-azwj’.[7]
سعد بن عبد الله القمي: عن محمد بن الحسين بن أبي الخطاب، عن عبد الله بن المغيرة، عمن حدثه، عن جابر بن يزيد، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)، قال: سئل عن قول الله عز و جل: وَ لَئِنْ قُتِلْتُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَوْ مُتُّمْ. قال: «يا جابر، أ تدري ما سبيل الله»؟ قلت: لا و الله إلا إذا سمعت منك.
Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Al Qummy, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khattab, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from the one who narrated it, from Jabir Bin Yazeed,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws, said, ‘He-asws was asked about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And whether you are slain in the Way of Allah or you die [3:157]’. He-asws said: ‘O Jabir! Do you know what is the Way of Allah-azwj?’ I said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, except when I hear from you-asws’.
فقال: «القتل في سبيل الله في ولاية علي (عليه السلام) و ذريته، فمن قتل في ولايته قتل في سبيل الله، و ليس من أحد يؤمن بهذه الآية إلا و له قتلة و ميتة، إنه من قتل ينشر حتى يموت، و من يموت ينشر حتى يقتل».
So he-asws said: ‘Being killed in the Way of Allah-azwj ‘سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ’ is being killed in the Wilayah of Ali-asws and of his-asws offspring. So the one who is killed in his-asws Wilayah is killed in the Way of Allah-azwj, and there isn’t anyone who believes in this Verse except and for him would be a killing and a (natural) death. The one who is killed would be Resurrected until he dies (a natural death), and the one who is dying (a natural death) would be Resurrected until he is killed (martyred)’’.[8]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْمَاضِي ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُرِيدُونَ لِيُطْفِؤُا نُورَ اللَّهِ بِأَفْواهِهِمْ قَالَ يُرِيدُونَ لِيُطْفِئُوا وَلَايَةَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( عليه السلام ) بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ قُلْتُ وَ اللَّهُ مُتِمُّ نُورِهِ قَالَ وَ اللَّهُ مُتِمُّ الْإِمَامَةِ لِقَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِينَ فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ وَ النُّورِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلْنا فَالنُّورُ هُوَ الْإِمَامُ
Ali Bin Muhammad, from some of our companions, from Ibn Mahboub, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzayl, from
Abu Al-Hassan Al-Maazy-asws (7th Imam-asws), said, ‘I asked Him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic [61:8] They are intending to extinguish the Light of Allah with their mouths. He-asws said: ‘They are intending to extinguish the Wilayah of Amir Al-Momineen-asws with their mouths (talking against it)’. I said, ‘but Allah will Complete His light’. He-asws said: ‘And Allah-azwj will Complete the Imamat due to His-azwj Words, the Mighty and Majestic [64:8] Therefore believe in Allah and His Rasool and the Light which We have Sent down. So the Light; it is the Imam-asws’.
قُلْتُ هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدى وَ دِينِ الْحَقِّ قَالَ هُوَ الَّذِي أَمَرَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْوَلَايَةِ لِوَصِيِّهِ وَ الْوَلَايَةُ هِيَ دِينُ الْحَقِّ قُلْتُ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ قَالَ يُظْهِرُهُ عَلَى جَمِيعِ الْأَدْيَانِ عِنْدَ قِيَامِ الْقَائِمِ
I said, ‘[61:9] He it is Who sent His Messenger with the Guidance and the true Religion’. He-asws said: ‘He-azwj is Who Commanded His-azwj Rasool-saww with the Wilayah of his-saww successor-asws, and the Wilayah – is the true Religion’. I said, ‘That He may make it overcome the religions, all of them’. He-asws said: ‘Overcome upon the entirety of the Religions during the rising of Al-Qaim-asws’.
قَالَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ وَ اللَّهُ مُتِمُّ نُورِهِ وَلَايَةِ الْقَائِمِ وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ الْكافِرُونَ بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ قُلْتُ هَذَا تَنْزِيلٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَمَّا هَذَا الْحَرْفُ فَتَنْزِيلٌ وَ أَمَّا غَيْرُهُ فَتَأْوِيلٌ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is Saying: but Allah will Complete His light, the Wilayah of Al-Qaim-asws though the unbelievers may be averse to it, the Wilayah of Ali-asws’. I said, ‘This is the Revelation?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes. As for these words, so it is Revelation, and as for other than it, so it is explanation’.
قُلْتُ ذلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا ثُمَّ كَفَرُوا قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى سَمَّى مَنْ لَمْ يَتَّبِعْ رَسُولَهُ فِي وَلَايَةِ وَصِيِّهِ مُنَافِقِينَ وَ جَعَلَ مَنْ جَحَدَ وَصِيَّهُ إِمَامَتَهُ كَمَنْ جَحَدَ مُحَمَّداً وَ أَنْزَلَ بِذَلِكَ قُرْآناً فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِذا جاءَكَ الْمُنافِقُونَ بِوَلَايَةِ وَصِيِّكَ قالُوا نَشْهَدُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُهُ وَ اللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إِنَّ الْمُنافِقِينَ بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ لَكاذِبُونَ. اتَّخَذُوا أَيْمانَهُمْ جُنَّةً فَصَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ السَّبِيلُ هُوَ الْوَصِيُّ إِنَّهُمْ ساءَ ما كانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ ذلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِرِسَالَتِكَ وَ كَفَرُوا بِوَلَايَةِ وَصِيِّكَ فَطُبِعَ اللَّهُ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لا يَفْقَهُونَ
I said, ‘[63:3] That is because they believe, then disbelieve. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and High has Named the one who does not follow His-azwj Rasool-saww regarding the Wilayah of his-saww successor-asws, as a hypocrite, and Made the one who rejects the Imamate of his-saww successor-asws like the one who rejects Muhammad-saww, and the Quran was Revealed with that. So He-azwj Said: “O Muhammad-saww! [63:1] When the hypocrites come to you, with the Wilayah of Ali-asws they say: We testify that you are Rasool-Allah; and Allah knows that you are His Rasool, and Allah Testifies that the hypocrites with the Wilayah of Ali-asws, are liars [63:2] They are making their oaths to be a cover, and thus turning away from Allah’s Way, and Allah-azwj Way, it is the successor-asws. surely evil is that which they are doing. That is because they are believing in your-saww Messenger-ship and are disbelieving in the Wilayah of your-saww successor-asws. Thus a seal is set upon their hearts so that they do not understand. …(An extract)[9]
Momineen Strive towards the ‘Sabeel Allah’
إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَرْتَابُوا وَجَاهَدُوا بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الصَّادِقُونَ {15}
But rather, the Momineen are those who believe in Allah and His Rasool, then they do not doubt, and they strive with their wealth and their selves in the Way of Allah. Those, they are the truthful [49:15]
علي بن إبراهيم: قوله تعالى: إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَرْتابُوا أي لم يشكوا وَ جاهَدُوا بِأَمْوالِهِمْ وَ أَنْفُسِهِمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ الآية، قال: نزلت في أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام).
Ali Bin Ibrahim –
The Words of the Exalted: But rather, the Momineen are those who believe in Allah and His Rasool, then they do not doubt [49:15] – i.e., do not complain, and they strive with their wealth and their selves in the Way of Allah – the Verse, was Revealed regarding Amir-Al-Momineen-asws’.[10]
The Shias are on the ‘Sabeel Allah’
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الرَّزَّازُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الْعَسْكَرِيَّ ( عليه السلام ) بِالْمَدِينَةِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى بِمَالٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ سَبِيلُ اللَّهِ شِيعَتُنَا .
Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Razaaz, from Muhammad Bin Isa and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Al-Hassan Bin Rashid who said,
‘I asked (Imam) Al-Askari-asws at Al-Medina about a man who had bequeathed wealth to be in the Way of Allah-azwj. So he-asws said: ‘The Way of Allah-azwj, is (a reference to) our-asws Shias’.[11]
Appendix:
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لا تَنْقُضُوا الْأَيْمانَ بَعْدَ تَوْكِيدِها وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُمُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْكُمْ كَفِيلًا إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ ما تَفْعَلُونَ يَعْنِي بِهِ قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) لَهُمَا وَ قَوْلَهُمَا أَ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَوْ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ وَ لا تَكُونُوا كَالَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَها مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنْكاثاً تَتَّخِذُونَ أَيْمانَكُمْ دَخَلًا بَيْنَكُمْ أَنْ تَكُونَ أَئِمَّةٌ هِيَ أَزْكَى مِنْ أَئِمَّتِكُمْ
So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed [16:91] and do not break the oaths after affirming them, and you have indeed made Allah a surety for you; surely Allah Knows what you are doing, Meaning by it the words of Rasool-Allah-saww to the two of them, and their words, ‘It is from Allah-azwj or from His-azwj Rasool-saww?’ [16:92] And be not like her who unravels her yarn, disintegrating it into pieces after having spun it strongly. You make your oaths to be means of deceit between you so that the Imams would happen to be more virtuous than your own leaders’. (Note – The words in red are different in the current Version of the Holy Quran).
قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَئِمَّةٌ قَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ أَئِمَّةٌ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّا نَقْرَأُ أَرْبى فَقَالَ مَا أَرْبَى وَ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ فَطَرَحَهَا إِنَّما يَبْلُوكُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ يَعْنِي بِعَلِيٍّ ( عليه السلام ) وَ لَيُبَيِّنَنَّ لَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ ما كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ. وَ لَوْ شاءَ اللَّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّةً واحِدَةً وَ لكِنْ يُضِلُّ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ لَتُسْئَلُنَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَمَّا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ. وَ لا تَتَّخِذُوا أَيْمانَكُمْ دَخَلًا بَيْنَكُمْ فَتَزِلَّ قَدَمٌ بَعْدَ ثُبُوتِها يَعْنِي بَعْدَ مَقَالَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فِي عَلِيٍّ ( عليه السلام ) وَ تَذُوقُوا السُّوءَ بِما صَدَدْتُمْ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي بِهِ عَلِيّاً ( عليه السلام ) وَ لَكُمْ عَذابٌ عَظِيمٌ .
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Imams-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj, Imams-asws’. I said, ‘But we are reciting ‘More beneficial’ (أَرْبى)!’ So he-asws said: ‘What is (this word) ‘أَرْبى’?’ And he-asws gestured by his-asws hand, so he-asws discarded them (indicatively) [16:92] But rather, Allah is Testing you by this, Meaning by Ali-asws and He will Clarify to you on the Day of Judgement that which you were differing in [16:93] And had Allah so Desired it He would Make you a single nation, but He Lets err whomsoever He Desires to and Guides whomsoever He Desires to; and you will be Questioned about what you had been doing [16:94] And do not make your oaths a means of deceit between you, lest a foot should slip after its stability Meaning after the words of Rasool-Allah-saww regarding Ali-asws and you would taste evil because you turned away from Allah’s Way Meaning by it ‘Ali-asws’, and a grievous Punishment would be for you’[12]
[1] Umar
[2] تأويل الآيات 1: 333/ 1
[3] المناقب 3: 72.
[4] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 65 H 1
[5] تأويل الآيات 2: 584/ 3.
[6] المناقب 3: 72.
[7] معاني الأخبار: 167/ 1.
[8] مختصر بصائر الدرجات: 25.
[9] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 108 H 91
[10] تفسير القمّي 2: 322.
[11] Al Kafi – V 7 – The Book of Bequests Ch 12 H 2
[12] Al Kafi V 1 – The Book Of Divine Authority CH 65 H 1