Some Ahadith containing of Bequest (Will) of Ali-asws Ibn Abi Talib-asws are presented below:
الكافي أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ: بَعَثَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع بِوَصِيَّةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع-
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar and Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazaan, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Abdul Rahman Bin Al Hajjaj who said,
‘Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws sent to me the bequest of Amir Al-Momineen-asws: –
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ- أَوْصَى أَنَّهُ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ بِالْهُدى وَ دِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ
In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. This is what is bequeathed by Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, bequeathing that he-asws testifies that there is no god except for Allah-azwj, One, not having an associated for Him-azwj, and that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww, He is the One Who Sent His Rasool with the Guidance and the Religion of Truth in order to prevail it upon all the Religions, and even if the Polytheists dislike it [9:33]. Blessings be upon him-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws.
ثُمَ إِنَّ صَلاتِي وَ نُسُكِي وَ مَحْيايَ وَ مَماتِي لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ لا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ بِذلِكَ أُمِرْتُ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
Then ‘Surely my Salat, and my sacrifice, and my life, and my death are for Allah Lord of the worlds [6:162] There is no associate for Him; and with that I am Commanded, [6:163], and I-asws am from the submitters.
ثُمَّ إِنِّي أُوصِيكَ يَا حَسَنُ- وَ جَمِيعَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي وَ وُلْدِي وَ مَنْ بَلَغَهُ كِتَابِي بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ رَبِّكُمْ وَ لا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ وَ اعْتَصِمُوا بِحَبْلِ اللَّهِ جَمِيعاً وَ لا تَفَرَّقُوا فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ صَلَاحُ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ عَامَّةِ الصَّلَاةِ وَ الصِّيَامِ وَ إِنَّ الْمُبِيرَةَ الْحَالِقَةَ لِلدِّينِ فَسَادُ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ
Then, I-asws hereby bequeath to you-asws, O Hassan-asws, and the entirety of the people of my-asws household, and my-asws children, and to the one to whom reaches my-asws letter, to fear Allah-azwj, your Lord-azwj and do not be dying except and you are submitters [3:102] And hold firmly with the Rope of Allah altogether and do not be disunited, [3:103], for I-asws heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Reconciling between the two is superior than the generality of the Salats and the Fasts, and that the denouncer is destructive for the Religion, (creating) discord between the two’; and there is no Strength except with Allah-azwj, the Exalted, the Magnificent.
انْظُرُوا ذَوِي أَرْحَامِكُمْ فَصِلُوهُمْ يُهَوِّنِ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْحِسَابَ
Look into your people with relationships, so maintain relationships with them, Allah-azwj would Make the Reckoning easier upon you.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي الْأَيْتَامِ فَلَا تُغَيِّرُوا أَفْوَاهَهُمْ وَ لَا تضيعوا [يَضِيعُوا] بِحَضْرَتِكُمْ فَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ مَنْ عَالَ يَتِيماً حَتَّى يَسْتَغْنِيَ أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ الْجَنَّةَ كَمَا أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ لِآكِلِ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ النَّارَ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to the orphans! Do not change their mouths (feeding others), and do not let them be wasted in your presence, for I-asws have heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘The one who looks after an orphan until he is needless, Allah-azwj would Obligated upon him the Paradise, due to that, just as He-azwj Obligates the Fire upon the devourer of the wealth of the orphans.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ فَلَا يَسْبِقْكُمْ إِلَى الْعَمَلِ بِهِ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُكُمْ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to the Quran! Do not let anyone from the other precede you to the acting by it.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي جِيرَانِكُمْ فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص أَوْصَى بِهِمْ وَ مَا زَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُوصِي بِهِمْ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ سَيُوَرِّثُهُمْ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj, with regards to your neighbours, for the Prophet-saww bequeathed with them, and Rasool-Allah-saww did not cease to bequeath with them to the extent that we thought that he-saww would make them our inheritors.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي بَيْتِ رَبِّكُمْ فَلَا يَخْلُو مِنْكُمْ مَا بَقِيتُمْ فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ تُرِكَ لَمْ تُنَاظَرُوا وَ أَدْنَى مَا يَرْجِعُ بِهِ مَنْ أَمَّهُ أَنْ يُغْفَرَ لَهُ مَا سَلَفَ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to the House of your Lord-azwj (Kabah)! Do not let it be empty from you for as long as you remain, for if you were to neglect it, you would not see it, and the lowest of what (rewards) one comes back with from his own mother, that is he is Forgiven for him whatever is past.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّهَا خَيْرُ الْعَمَلِ وَ إِنَّهَا عَمُودُ دِينِكُمْ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to the Salat, for it is the best of the deeds, and it is a pillar of your Religion.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي الزَّكَاةِ فَإِنَّهَا تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ رَبِّكُمْ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to the Zakat, for it is an extinguisher of the Wrath of your Lord-azwj.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنَّ صِيَامَهُ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to the Month of Ramazan, of its Fasts are a shield form the Fire.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي الْفُقَرَاءِ وَ الْمَسَاكِينِ فَشَارِكُوهُمْ فِي مَعَايِشِكُمْ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to the poor and the needy, so participate them in your livelihoods.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي الْجِهَادِ بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَ أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ أَلْسِنَتِكُمْ فَإِنَّمَا يُجَاهِدُ رَجُلَانِ إِمَامٌ هُدًى أَوْ مُطِيعٌ لَهُ مُقْتَدٍ بِهُدَاهُ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to the Jihad with your wealth and yourselves, and your tongues. But rather two men perform Jihad, one who fights against an Imam-asws of Guidance, or the one who is obedient to him-asws, being guided by his-asws Guidance.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي ذُرِّيَّةِ نَبِيِّكُمْ فَلَا يُظْلَمُنَّ بِحَضْرَتِكُمْ وَ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى الدَّفْعِ عَنْهُمْ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to the offspring of your Prophet-saww, so do not let them be oppressed in your presence or in your midst, and you have the ability to defend them.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي أَصْحَابِ نَبِيِّكُمُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُحْدِثُوا حَدَثاً وَ لَمْ يُؤْوُوا مُحْدِثاً فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَوْصَى بِهِمْ وَ لَعَنَ الْمُحْدِثَ مِنْهُمْ وَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ وَ الْمُؤْوِيَ لِلْمُحْدِثِ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to the companions of your Prophet-saww who did not innovate anything new, and did not harbour the innovators, for Rasool-Allah-saww bequeathed (donated) with them and cursed the innovator from them, and from the other, as well as the protector of the innovator.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي النِّسَاءِ وَ فِيمَا مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَإِنَّ آخِرَ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ نَبِيُّكُمْ ص أَنْ قَالَ أُوصِيكُمْ بِالضَّعِيفَيْنِ النِّسَاءِ وَ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! With regards to the women, and with regards to what your right hand possesses, for the last of what your Prophet-saww spoke with was that he-saww said: ‘I-saww bequeath you with the two weak ones, the women and what is owned by your right hands.
الصَّلَاةَ الصَّلَاةَ الصَّلَاةَ لَا تَخَافُوا فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ يَكْفِيكُمُ اللَّهُ مَنْ آذَاكُمْ وَ مَنْ بَغَى عَلَيْكُمْ
The Salat! The Salat! The Salat! Do not fear with regards to Allah-azwj, the accusation of an accuser. Allah-azwj would Suffice for you from their harming you, and their rebelling against you.
قُولُوا لِلنَّاسِ حُسْناً كَمَا أَمَرَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَا تَتْرُكُوا الْأَمْرَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ النَّهْيَ عَنِ النُّكْرِ فَيُوَلِّيَ اللَّهُ أَمْرَكُمْ شِرَارَكُمْ ثُمَّ تَدْعُونَ فَلَا يُسْتَجَابُ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ
Speak good to the people just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Commanded you, and do not neglect the enjoining of the good and the prevention from the evil for Allah-azwj would Make rulers in your affairs, the evilest ones of you, would be supplicating, but yours (the supplications) would not be Answered against them (the rulers).
وَ عَلَيْكُمْ يَا بَنِيَّ بِالتَّوَاصُلِ وَ التَّبَاذُلِ وَ التَّبَارِّ وَ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ التَّقَاطُعَ وَ التَّدَابُرَ وَ التَّفَرُّقَ وَ تَعاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَ التَّقْوى وَ لا تَعاوَنُوا عَلَى الْإِثْمِ وَ الْعُدْوانِ وَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقابِ
And it is upon you-asws, O my-asws son-asws, with the maintenance of good relationships, and the generosity, and the virtuousness. And beware of the cutting-off (of the relationships), and the aversions (from each other) and the separations and assist each other upon the righteousness and the piety; and do not assist each other upon the sin and the aggression, and fear Allah; surely Allah is severe of the Punishment [5:2].
حَفِظَكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ وَ حَفِظَ فِيكُمْ نَبِيَّكُمْ أَسْتَوْدِعُكُمُ اللَّهَ وَ أَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ وَ رَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ
May Allah-azwj Protect you, from the family, (just as He-azwj) Protected your Prophet-saww among you. I-asws entrust you all to Allah-azwj, and convey the greetings upon you, and the Mercy of Allah-azwj’.
ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ يَقُولُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ حَتَّى قُبِضَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ رَحْمَتُهُ فِي ثَلَاثِ لَيَالٍ مِنَ الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ لَيْلَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعِينَ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ كَانَ ضُرِبَ لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ.
Then he-asws did not stop saying ‘There is no god except for Allah-azwj, there is no god except for Allah-azwj’, until he-asws passed away, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, and His-azwj Mercy, during the third night from the last ten nights of the twenty third from the Month of Ramazan, the night of Friday, the year forty from the Hijra. And he-asws was struck on the night of the twenty first of the Month of Ramazan’’.[1]
غط، الغيبة للشيخ الطوسي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبْدُونٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: هَذِهِ وَصِيَّةُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِلَى الْحَسَنِ ع وَ هِيَ نُسْخَةُ كِتَابِ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْهِلَالِيِّ دَفَعَهَا إِلَى أَبَانٍ وَ قَرَأَهَا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ أَبَانٌ وَ قَرَأْتُهَا عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع- فَقَالَ صَدَقَ سُلَيْمٌ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ
(The book) ‘Al Ghayba’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Ahmad Bin Abdoun, form Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al Zubeyr, from Ali Bin Al-Hassan Bin Fazzal, from Muhammad Bin Ubeydullah Bin Zurara, from the one who saw him, from Amro Bin Shimr,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘This is a bequest of Amir Al-Momineen-asws to Al-Hassan-asws’ – and it is a copy of Kitab Suleym Bin Qays Al-Hilali, handed over to Aban, and having been read to him-asws. Aban said, ‘And I read it to Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws. He-asws said: ‘Suleym spoke the truth, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him’.
قَالَ سُلَيْمٌ فَشَهِدْتُ وَصِيَّةَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع- حِينَ أَوْصَى إِلَى ابْنِهِ الْحَسَنِ ع- وَ أَشْهَدَ عَلَى وَصِيَّتِهِ الْحُسَيْنَ وَ مُحَمَّداً وَ جَمِيعَ وُلْدِهِ وَ رُؤَسَاءَ شِيعَتِهِ وَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ
Suleym said, ‘I witnessed the bequest of Amir Al-Momineen-asws when he-asws bequeathed to his-asws son-asws Al-Hassan-asws, and there had witnessed upon his-asws bequest, Al-Husayn-asws, and Muhammad, and entirety of his-asws children, and chiefs of his-asws Shias, and his-asws family members.
وَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ أُوصِيَ إِلَيْكَ وَ أَنْ أَدْفَعَ إِلَيْكَ كُتُبِي وَ سِلَاحِي
And he-asws said: ‘O my-asws son-asws! Rasool-Allah-saww had instructed me-asws to bequeath to you-asws, and to hand over to you-asws my-asws books and my-asws weapons’.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ أَنْتَ وَلِيُّ الْأَمْرِ وَ وَلِيُّ الدَّمِ فَإِنْ عَفَوْتَ فَلَكَ وَ إِنْ قَتَلْتَ فَضَرْبَةً مَكَانَ ضَرْبَةٍ وَ لَا تَأْثَمْ
Then he-asws turned towards him-asws and said: ‘O my-asws son-asws! You-asws are the Master-asws of the Command (Imam-asws), and in charge of my-asws blood. If you-asws were to forgive (Ibn Muljim-la), it would be for you-asws, and if you-asws were to kill (him-la), then one strike in place of one strike, and do not sin (by being excessive)’.
ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْوَصِيَّةَ إِلَى آخِرِهَا فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ وَصِيَّتِهِ قَالَ حَفِظَكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ حَفِظَ فِيكُمْ نَبِيَّكُمْ أَسْتَوْدِعُكُمُ اللَّهَ وَ أَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ وَ رَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ
Then he-asws mentioned the bequest up to its end. When he-asws was free from his-asws bequeathing, he-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj Protect you all and Preserve your Prophet-saww! I-asws entrust you to Allah-azwj, and I-asws convey the greetings to you all, and the Mercy of Allah-azwj!’
ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ يَقُولُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ حَتَّى قُبِضَ لَيْلَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعِينَ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ- وَ كَانَ ضُرِبَ لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ.
Then he-asws did not cease saying: ‘There is no god except Allah-azwj’, until he-asws passed away on the night of the twenty-third of the month of Ramazan, Friday night, the year forty from the emigration. And he-asws was struck on the night of the twenty-first of the month of Ramazan’’.[2]
كا، الكافي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْحَسَنِيُّ رَفَعَهُ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الْأَحْمَرِيِّ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا ضُرِبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع حَفَّ بِهِ الْعُوَّادُ وَ قِيلَ لَهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَوْصِ فَقَالَ اثْنُوا لِي وِسَادَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ مُتَّبِعِينَ أَمْرَهُ أَحْمَدُهُ كَمَا أَحَبَّ وَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ الْوَاحِدُ الْأَحَدُ الصَّمَدُ كَمَا انْتَسَبَ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Al-Husayn Bin Al-Hassan, raising it, and Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Ahmary, raising it, said,
‘When Amir Al-Momineen-asws was struck, the visitors encircled him-asws and it was said to him-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Bequeath!’ He-asws said: ‘Double the pillow for me-asws’. Then he-asws said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj as He-azwj is rightful of. I-asws was obedient to His-azwj Commands, and I-asws Praise Him-azwj just as He-azwj Loves, and there is no god except for Allah-azwj, the One, the First, the Samad, just as He-azwj has Attributed Himself-azwj.
أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ لَاقٍ فِي فِرَارِهِ مَا مِنْهُ يَفِرُّ وَ الْأَجَلُ مَسَاقُ النَّفْسِ إِلَيْهِ وَ الْهَرَبُ مِنْهُ مُوَافَاتُهُ كَمْ أَطْرَدْتُ الْأَيَّامَ أَبْحَثُهَا عَنْ مَكْنُونِ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ فَأَبَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ إِلَّا إِخْفَاءَهُ هَيْهَاتَ عِلْمٌ مَكْنُونٌ
O you people! Every person would meet during his fleeing, what he is fleeing from (i.e., death). The death is an usher of the soul towards it, and the escaping from it is to (actually) find it. How many days have come and gone in researching about the hidden of this matter, but Allah-azwj, Mighty is His-azwj Mention, Refused, except to Keep it hidden. Far be it, for the hidden to be known!
أَمَّا وَصِيَّتِي فَأَنْ لَا تُشْرِكُوا بِاللَّهِ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ شَيْئاً وَ مُحَمَّداً ص فَلَا تُضَيِّعُوا سُنَّتَهُ أَقِيمُوا هَذَيْنِ الْعَمُودَيْنِ وَ أَوْقِدُوا هَذَيْنِ الْمِصْبَاحَيْنِ وَ خَلَاكُمْ ذَمٌّ مَا لَمْ تَشْرُدُوا حُمِّلَ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ مِنْكُمْ مَجْهُودَهُ وَ خُفِّفَ عَنِ الْجَهَلَةِ رَبٌّ رَحِيمٌ وَ إِمَامٌ عَلِيمٌ وَ دِينٌ قَوِيمٌ
As for my-asws bequest, so it is that you shall not associate anything with Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Laudation. And Muhammad-saww, so you must not waste his-saww Sunnah. Establish these two pillars and inflame these two lanterns, and you will be free of blame for as long as you are not displaced. Every person would bear his effort, and it is lightened from the ignorant ones. The Lord-azwj is Merciful, and the Imam-asws is the most knowledgeable, and the Religion is straight.
أَنَا بِالْأَمْسِ صَاحِبُكُمْ وَ الْيَوْمَ عِبْرَةٌ لَكُمْ وَ غَداً مُفَارِقُكُمْ إِنْ تَثْبُتِ الْوَطْأَةُ فِي هَذِهِ الْمَزَلَّةِ فَذَاكَ الْمُرَادُ وَ إِنْ تَدْحَضِ الْقَدَمُ فَإِنَّا كُنَّا فِي أَفْيَاءِ أَغْصَانٍ وَ ذَرَى رِيَاحٍ وَ تَحْتِ ظِلِّ غَمَامَةٍ اضْمَحَلَّ فِي الْجَوِّ مُتَلَفَّقُهَا وَ عَفَا فِي الْأَرْضِ مَخَطُّهَا
Yesterday I-asws was your companion, and today I-asws am a lesson for you all, and tomorrow I-asws shall part from you. If the treading is steadfast during these stumbles, so that is the objective, and if the feet waver, so we are living in the shade of the branches and shelter of the winds, and beneath the shade of the clouds dissipating in the atmosphere and the disappearing resources in the central ground.
وَ إِنَّمَا كُنْتُ جَاراً جَاوَرَكُمْ بَدَنِي أَيَّاماً وَ سَتُعْقَبُونَ مِنِّي جُثَّةً خَلَاءً سَاكِنَةً بَعْدَ حَرَكَةٍ وَ كَاظِمَةً بَعْدَ نُطْقٍ لِيَعِظَكُمْ هُدُوِّي وَ خُفُوتُ إِطْرَاقِي وَ سُكُونُ أَطْرَافِي فَإِنَّهُ أَوْعَظُ لَكُمْ مِنَ النَّاطِقِ الْبَلِيغِ وَدَّعْتُكُمْ وَدَاعَ مُرْصِدٍ لِلتَّلَاقِي
And rather, I-asws was a neighbour. My-asws body was your neighbour for (some) days, and as a consequence from me-asws it would be an empty body, motionless after its movement, and silent after speaking. Let it be an admonishment, my-asws silence, and the dimming of my-asws eyes, and the stillness of my-asws limbs. So it is more of a preacher for you all than the eloquent speaker. And my-asws bidding farewell to you all is a farewell of one expecting the reunion.
غَداً تَرَوْنَ أَيَّامِي وَ يَكْشِفُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْ سَرَائِرِي وَ تَعْرِفُونِّي بَعْدَ خُلُوِّ مَكَانِي وَ قِيَامِ غَيْرِي مَقَامِي
Tomorrow you shall be seeing (the reality of) my-asws days, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will Uncover my-asws secrets from me-asws, and you will be recognising me-asws after the emptiness of my-asws place, and the standing of someone else in my-asws place.
إِنْ أَبْقَ فَأَنَا وَلِيُّ دَمِي وَ إِنْ أَفْنَ فَالْفَنَاءُ مِيعَادِي وَ إِنْ أَعْفُ فَالْعَفْوُ لِي قُرْبَةٌ وَ لَكُمْ حَسَنَةٌ فَاعْفُوا وَ اصْفَحُوا أَ لا تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ فَيَا لَهَا حَسْرَةً عَلَى كُلِّ ذِي غَفْلَةٍ أَنْ يَكُونَ عُمُرُهُ عَلَيْهِ حُجَّةً أَوْ يُؤَدِّيَهُ أَيَّامُهُ إِلَى شِقْوَةٍ
If I-asws were to remain (alive), I-asws would be the Guardian of my-asws own blood, and if I-asws perish, so the perishing is my-asws destiny, and if I-asws were to forgive, so the forgiving, for me-asws it is a nearness (to Allah-azwj, and for you it is a good deed, therefore be forgiving and overlooking. Would you not like it Allah-azwj should be Forgiving you all? What a regret it would be upon every neglectful one! His own life-time would become an argument against him, or his days would lead him to misery.
جَعَلَنَا اللَّهُ وَ إِيَّاكُمْ مِمَّنْ لَا يَقْصُرُ بِهِ عَنْ طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ رَغْبَةٌ أَوْ تَحُلُّ بِهِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ نَقِمَةٌ فَإِنَّمَا نَحْنُ لَهُ وَ بِهِ
May Allah-azwj Make us-asws and you all from the ones who are not deficient with it from obeying Allah-azwj out of desire or being terrified of the Punishment after the death. So rather, we are for Him-azwj and with Him-azwj’.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْحَسَنِ ع فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ ضَرْبَةً مَكَانَ ضَرْبَةٍ وَ لَا تَأْثَمْ.
Then he-asws turned towards Al-Hassan-asws, and he-asws said: ‘O my-asws son-asws! A strike in place of a strike, and you-asws will not be overdoing it’’.[3]
جا، المجالس للمفيد ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ الْإِسْكَافِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سَلَامَةَ الْغَنَوِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْعَامِرِيِّ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ عَنِ الْفُجَيْعِ الْعُقَيْلِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا حَضَرَتْ وَالِدِيَ الْوَفَاةُ أَقْبَلَ يُوصِي فَقَالَ هَذَا مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ- أَخُو مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ وَ صَاحِبُهُ
(The books) ‘Al Majaalis’ of Al Mufeed, (and) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Umar Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Al Sayrafi, from Muhammad Bin Hammam Al Iskafy, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Malik, from Ahmad Bin Salama Al Ghanawy, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Aamiry, from Ma’mar, from Abu Bakr Bin Ayyash, from Al Fujie Al Uqeyli who said,
‘It is narrated to me by Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘When the expiry presented to my-asws father-asws, he-asws went on to bequeath. He-asws said: ‘This is what is being bequeathed with by Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, brother-asws of Muhammad-saww Rasool-Allah-saww, and son-asws of his-saww uncle-as, and his-saww companion.
أَوَّلُ وَصِيَّتِي أَنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُهُ وَ خِيَرَتُهُ اخْتَارَهُ بِعِلْمِهِ وَ ارْتَضَاهُ لِخِيَرَتِهِ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَاعِثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ وَ سَائِلُ النَّاسِ عَنْ أَعْمَالِهِمْ عَالِمٌ بِمَا فِي الصُّدُورِ
The first of my-asws bequest is, I-asws testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj, and that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj Rasool-saww, and His-azwj Choice. He-azwj Chose him-saww by His-azwj Knowledge and Selected him-saww for His-azwj Choice, and that Allah-azwj will be Resurrecting the ones in the graves, and Question the people about their deeds, being a Knower of what is in the chests.
ثُمَّ إِنِّي أُوصِيكَ يَا حَسَنُ وَ كَفَى بِكَ وَصِيّاً بِمَا أَوْصَانِي بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَإِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ يَا بُنَيَّ الْزَمْ بَيْتَكَ وَ ابْكِ عَلَى خَطِيئَتِكَ وَ لَا تَكُنِ الدُّنْيَا أَكْبَرَ هَمِّكَ
Then I-asws bequeath to you-asws, O Hassan-asws, and it suffices you-asws as a bequest with what Rasool-Allah-saww had bequeathed me-asws with. So, when that happens, O my-asws son-asws, stay in your-asws house and cry upon your-asws mistakes, and do not let the world be the greatest of your concerns.
وَ أُوصِيكَ يَا بُنَيَّ بِالصَّلَاةِ عِنْدَ وَقْتِهَا وَ الزَّكَاةِ فِي أَهْلِهَا عِنْدَ مَحَلِّهَا وَ الصَّمْتِ عِنْدَ الشُّبْهَةِ وَ الِاقْتِصَادِ وَ الْعَدْلِ فِي الرِّضَا وَ الْغَضَبِ وَ حُسْنِ الْجِوَارِ وَ إِكْرَامِ الضَّيْفِ وَ رَحْمَةِ الْمَجْهُودِ وَ أَصْحَابِ الْبَلَاءِ وَ صِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ وَ حُبِّ الْمَسَاكِينِ وَ مُجَالَسَتِهِمْ وَ التَّوَاضُعِ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ أَفْضَلِ الْعِبَادَةِ
And I-asws bequeath to you-asws, O my-asws son-asws, with (praying) the Salat during its timings, and (giving) the Zakat among its rightful ones in their places, and (be with) the silence during the doubtful matters, and the moderation and the justice during the happiness and the anger, and goodly neighbourliness, and honouring the guests, and be merciful to the fatigued and the companions of afflictions, and connecting with the relatives, and loving the poor and sitting with them, and the humility, for it is from the superior (acts of) worship.
وَ قَصِّرِ الْأَمَلَ وَ اذْكُرِ الْمَوْتَ وَ ازْهَدْ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّكَ رَهِينُ مَوْتٍ وَ غَرَضُ بَلَاءٍ وَ طَرِيحُ سُقْمٍ
And shorten the hopes, and remember the death, and be ascetic in the world, for you-asws are pledged to the death and exposed to the afflictions and quick to the illness.
وَ أُوصِيكَ بِخَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ فِي سِرِّ أَمْرِكَ وَ عَلَانِيَتِكَ وَ أَنْهَاكَ عَنِ التَّسَرُّعِ بِالْقَوْلِ وَ الْفِعْلِ وَ إِذَا عَرَضَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْآخِرَةِ فَابْدَأْ بِهِ وَ إِذَا عَرَضَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَمْرِ الدُّنْيَا فَتَأَنَّهُ حَتَّى تُصِيبَ رُشْدَكَ فِيهِ
And I bequeath you-asws to be with fear of Allah-azwj in your-asws secretive matters and your-asws announced (matters), and I-asws forbid you-asws from being quick with the words and the deeds. And when something from the matters of the Hereafter presents, then begin with it, and when something from the matters or the world presents, be patient until you-asws attain righteous guidance regarding it.
وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ مَوَاطِنَ التُّهَمَةِ وَ الْمَجْلِسَ الْمَظْنُونَ بِهِ السُّوءُ فَإِنَّ قَرِينَ السُّوءِ يَغُرُّ جَلِيسَهُ وَ كُنْ لِلَّهِ يَا بُنَيَّ عَامِلًا وَ عَنِ الْخَنَى زَجُوراً وَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ آمِراً وَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ نَاهِياً وَ وَاخِ الْإِخْوَانَ فِي اللَّهِ وَ أَحِبَّ الصَّالِحَ لِصَلَاحِهِ وَ دَارِ الْفَاسِقَ عَنْ دِينِكَ وَ أَبْغِضْهُ بِقَلْبِكَ وَ زَايِلْهُ بِأَعْمَالِكَ لِئَلَّا تَكُونَ مِثْلَهُ
And beware of the places of accusations, and the gathering which the evil is thought with it, for a pair of the evil would deceive his gatherers. And O my-asws son-asws, be a worker, and a rebuker from the treachery, and an instructor with the acts of kindness, and a forbidder from the evil. And establish brotherhood with the brethren for the Sake of Allah-azwj, and love the righteous for his righteousness, and turn the mischief-maker away from your-asws religion and hate him with your-asws heart, and remove him by your-asws deeds, lest you-asws end up becoming like him.
وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ الْجُلُوسَ فِي الطُّرُقَاتِ وَ دَعِ الْمُمَارَاةَ وَ مُجَارَاةَ مَنْ لَا عَقْلَ لَهُ وَ لَا عِلْمَ وَ اقْتَصِدْ يَا بُنَيَّ فِي مَعِيشَتِكَ وَ اقْتَصِدْ فِي عِبَادَتِكَ وَ عَلَيْكَ فِيهَا بِالْأَمْرِ الدَّائِمِ الَّذِي تُطِيقُهُ وَ الْزَمِ الصَّمْتَ تَسْلَمْ وَ قَدِّمْ لِنَفْسِكَ تَغْنَمْ
And beware of the sitting in the roads and leave the arguments and the rivalries with the one who has no intellect for him nor any knowledge. And O my-asws son-asws, be moderate in your-asws lifestyle, and be moderate in your-asws acts of worship, and upon you regarding these is to be constant with that which you-asws can tolerate, and adhere to the silence, you-asws will be safe, and send ahead (good deeds) for yourself-asws, you will have advantages.
وَ تَعَلَّمِ الْخَيْرَ تَعْلَمْ وَ كُنْ لِلَّهِ ذَاكِراً عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ وَ ارْحَمْ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ الصَّغِيرَ وَ وَقِّرِ مِنْهُمُ الْكَبِيرَ وَ لَا تَأْكُلَنَّ طَعَاماً حَتَّى تَصَدَّقَ مِنْهُ قَبْلَ أَكْلِهِ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ زَكَاةُ الْبَدَنِ وَ جُنَّةٌ لِأَهْلِهِ
And learn the good, you-asws will know, and be a mentioner (Zakir) of Allah-azwj upon all states and be merciful to the young ones from your family, and accord dignity to the elders from them, and do not eat a meal until you-asws give in charity from it before eating it. And upon you-asws is to be with the Fasting, for it is a Zakat (purification) of the body and a shield for its performer.
وَ جَاهِدْ نَفْسَكَ وَ احْذَرْ جَلِيسَكَ وَ اجْتَنِبْ عَدُوَّكَ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِمَجَالِسِ الذِّكْرِ وَ أَكْثِرْ مِنَ الدُّعَاءِ فَإِنِّي لَمْ آلُكَ يَا بُنَيَّ نُصْحاً
And fight against your own self, and be careful of your-asws gatherers, and keep aside from your-asws enemies, and upon you-asws is to be with the gathering of Zikr, and frequent from the supplications, and I-asws over-advise you-asws, O my-asws son-asws!
وَ هَذَا فِرَاقُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنِكَ وَ أُوصِيكَ بِأَخِيكَ مُحَمَّدٍ خَيْراً فَإِنَّهُ شَقِيقُكَ وَ ابْنُ أَبِيكَ وَ قَدْ تَعْلَمُ حُبِّي لَهُ وَ أَمَّا أَخُوكَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَهُوَ ابْنُ أُمِّكَ وَ لَا أُرِيدُ الْوَصَاةَ بِذَلِكَ
And this is a separation between me-asws and you-asws, and I-asws bequeath you with being good to your-asws brother Muhammad (Al-Hanafiyya), for he is your full brother, and you-asws have known of my-asws love for him-asws. And as for your-asws brother-asws Al-Husayn-asws, he-asws is a son-asws of your-asws mother-asws, and I-asws do not want the executor with that.
وَ اللَّهُ الْخَلِيفَةُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ إِيَّاهُ أَسْأَلُ أَنْ يُصْلِحَكُمْ وَ أَنْ يَكُفَّ الطُّغَاةَ الْبُغَاةَ عَنْكُمْ وَ الصَّبْرَ الصَّبْرَ حَتَّى يُنْزِلَ اللَّهُ الْأَمْرَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ.
And Allah-azwj is the Caliph (Replacement) upon you all and him-asws. I-asws ask Him-azwj to Keep you all well and Restrain the tyrants, the rebels from you all. And the patience! The patience until Allah-azwj Sends down the Command. And there is no strength except with Allah-azwj, the Exalted, the Magnificent’’.[4]
يه، من لا يحضر الفقيه رُوِيَ عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْهِلَالِيِّ قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ وَصِيَّةَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع- حِينَ أَوْصَى إِلَى ابْنِهِ الْحَسَنِ ع وَ أَشْهَدَ عَلَى وَصِيَّتِهِ الْحُسَيْنَ ع وَ مُحَمَّداً وَ جَمِيعَ وُلْدِهِ وَ جَمِيعَ رُؤَسَاءَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ شِيعَتِهِ ع
(The book) ‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – It is reported from Suleym Bin Qays Al Hilali who said,
‘I witnessed the will of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws when he-asws bequeathed to his-asws son Al-Hassan-asws, and his-asws will was witnessed by Al-Husayn-asws, and Muhammad, and all of his-asws sons and the People of his-asws Household, and the leaders of his-asws Shias.
ثُمَّ دَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ الْكِتَابَ وَ السِّلَاحَ ثُمَّ قَالَ ع يَا بُنَيَّ أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ أُوصِيَ إِلَيْكَ وَ أَنْ أَدْفَعَ إِلَيْكَ كُتُبِي وَ سِلَاحِي كَمَا أَوْصَى إِلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ دَفَعَ إِلَيَّ كُتُبَهُ وَ سِلَاحَهُ وَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ آمُرَكَ إِذَا حَضَرَكَ الْمَوْتُ أَنْ تَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى أَخِيكَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع-
Then he-asws (Ali-asws) handed over the Book and the Weapons to him-asws (Al-Hassan-asws), then said: ‘O my-asws son-asws, Rasool-Allah-saww ordered me-asws that I-asws should bequeath to you-asws and hand over my-asws Book and my-asws weapons to you-asws, just as Rasool-Allah-saww bequeathed to me-asws his-saww Book and his-saww weapons to me-asws, and ordered me-asws that I-asws should order you-asws, when death presents itself, that you-asws should hand these over to your-asws brother Al-Husayn-asws.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى ابْنِهِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَقَالَ وَ أَمَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ تَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى ابْنِكَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَقَالَ وَ أَمَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ تَدْفَعَ وَصِيَّتَكَ إِلَى ابْنِكَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ- فَأَقْرِئْهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ مِنِّي السَّلَامَ
Then he-asws turned towards Al-Husayn-asws, so he-asws said to him-asws: ‘And the Messenger-saww of Allah-azwj ordered you-asws to hand these over to this son-asws of yours-asws’ – and grabbed the hand of the son-asws of his-asws son-asws Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, and he-asws was little – so he-asws held him close to himself-asws and said to him-asws: ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww ordered you-asws to hand these over to your-asws son-asws Muhammad-asws, so convey to him-asws greetings from the Rasool-Allah-saww and from me-asws’.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى ابْنِهِ الْحَسَنِ ع فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ أَنْتَ وَلِيُّ الْأَمْرِ بَعْدِي وَ وَلِيُّ الدَّمِ فَإِنْ عَفَوْتَ فَلَكَ وَ إِنْ قَتَلْتَ فَضَرْبَةً مَكَانَ ضَرْبَةٍ وَ لَا تَأْثَمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ اكْتُبْ
Then he-asws turned towards Al-Hassan-asws, so he-asws said: ‘O my-asws son-asws, you-asws are the Master of the Command (Wali Al-Amr) and the Master of my-asws blood after me-asws. So, if you-asws were to forgive, it is up to you-asws, and if you-asws were to kill, so strike by one strike and do not repeat it’. Then he-asws said: Write!’
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع- ثُمَّ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى آخِرِ مَا رَوَاهُ الْكُلَيْنِيُ.
‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. This is what Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is bequeathing’ – Then he continued the Hadeeth up the end of what Kulayni has reported.
وَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقابِ حَفِظَكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ وَ حَفِظَ فِيكُمْ نَبِيَّكُمْ أَسْتَوْدِعُكُمُ اللَّهَ وَ أَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ وَ رَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ
And fear Allah; surely Allah is severe of the Punishment [5:2]. May Allah-azwj Protect you, from the family, (just as He-azwj) Protected your Prophet-saww among you. I-asws entrust you all to Allah-azwj, and convey the greetings upon you, and the Mercy of Allah-azwj’.
ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ يَقُولُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ حَتَّى قُبِضَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ رَحْمَتُهُ فِي ثَلَاثِ لَيَالٍ مِنَ الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ لَيْلَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعِينَ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ كَانَ ضُرِبَ لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ.
Then he-asws did not stop saying ‘There is no god except for Allah-azwj, there is no god except for Allah-azwj’, until he-asws passed away, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, and His-azwj Mercy, during the third night from the last ten nights of the twenty third from the Month of Ramazan, the night of Friday, the year forty from the Hijra. And he-asws was struck on the night of the twenty first of the Month of Ramazan’’.[5]
نبه، تنبيه الخاطر لَمَّا احْتُضِرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع جَمَعَ بَنِيهِ حَسَناً وَ حُسَيْناً وَ مُحَمَّدَ ابْنَ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ وَ الْأَصَاغِرَ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ فَوَصَّاهُمْ وَ كَانَ فِي آخِرِ وَصِيَّتِهِ يَا بَنِيَّ عَاشِرُوا النَّاسَ عِشْرَةً إِنْ غِبْتُمْ حَنُّوا إِلَيْكُمْ وَ إِنْ فُقِدْتُمْ بَكَوْا عَلَيْكُمْ
(The book) ‘Tanbeeh Al Khatir’ –
‘When death approached Amir Al-Momineen-asws, he-asws gathered his-asws son, Hassan-asws, and Husayn-asws, and Muhammad Bin Al-Hanafiya, and the young ones form his-asws sons. He-asws bequeathed to them, and it was in the end of the bequest: ‘O my-asws son! Socialise with the people with a socialising! If you are absent, they would have feeling for you, and if they lose you, they will cry upon you.
يَا بَنِيَّ إِنَّ الْقُلُوبَ جُنْدٌ مُجَنَّدَةٌ تَتَلَاحَظُ بِالْمَوَدَّةِ وَ تَتَنَاجَى بِهَا وَ كَذَلِكَ هِيَ فِي الْبُغْضِ فَإِذَا أَحْسَسْتُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ فِي قَلْبِكُمْ شَيْئاً فَاحْذَرُوهُ.
O my-asws sons! The hearts are recruited soldiers, who notice the cordiality and whimper with it, and like that these are in the hatred. So, when you love the man from without there being any good having preceded from him to you, then wish (good from) him, and when you hate the man from without any evil having preceded from to you, then be careful of him’’.[6]
نهج، نهج البلاغة مِنْ وَصِيَّتِهِ لِلْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع لَمَّا ضَرَبَهُ ابْنُ مُلْجَمٍ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ وَ أَخْزَاهُ أُوصِيكُمَا بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَ أَنْ لَا تَبْغِيَا الدُّنْيَا وَ إِنْ بَغَتْكُمَا وَ لَا تَأْسَفَا عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْهَا زُوِيَ عَنْكُمَا
(The book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘From his-asws bequest to Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws when Ibn Muljim-la, may Allah-azwj Curse him-la and he-asws was seized: ‘I-asws bequeath to you-asws both with fearing Allah-azwj, and you-asws will not seek the world and even if it seeks you-asws, and you-asws will not express regret upon anything from it impeded from you-asws.
وَ قُولَا بِالْحَقِّ وَ اعْمَلَا لِلْآخِرَةِ وَ كُونَا لِلظَّالِمِ خَصْماً وَ لِلْمَظْلُومِ عَوْناً أُوصِيكُمَا وَ جَمِيعَ وُلْدِي وَ أَهْلِي وَ مَنْ بَلَغَهُ كِتَابِي بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَ نَظْمِ أَمْرِكُمْ وَ صَلَاحِ ذَاتِ بَيْنِكُمْ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ جَدَّكُمَا ص يَقُولُ صَلَاحُ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ عَامَّةِ الصَّلَاةِ وَ الصِّيَامِ
And speak the truth and work for the Hereafter and be disputants to the oppressor and supporters to the oppressed. I-asws bequeath to you-asws two and entirety of my-asws sons, and my family, the to the one my-asws letter reached, to be with fear of Allah-azwj systemise your affairs, and reconcile what is between yourselves, for I-asws have heard your-saww grandfather-asws saying: ‘Reconcile between yourselves is superior to the general Salat and the Fasts’.
اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي الْأَيْتَامِ فَلَا تُغِبُّوا أَفْوَاهَهُمْ وَ لَا يَضِيعُوا بِحَضْرَتِكُمْ
Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj regarding the orphans! Do not be heedless of their mouths nor let them be dropped in your presence.
وَ اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي جِيرَانِكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ وَصِيَّةُ نَبِيِّكُمْ مَا زَالَ يُوصِي بِهِمْ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ سَيُوَرِّثُهُمْ
And Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj regarding your neighbours, for it is a bequest of your Prophet-saww. He-saww did not cease to bequeath with them until we thought he-saww would make them inherit.
وَ اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ لَا يَسْبِقُكُمْ بِالْعَمَلِ بِهِ غَيْرُكُمْ
And Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj regarding the Quran! Do not let others precede you all with the working with it.
وَ اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّهَا عَمُودُ دِينِكُمْ
And Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj regarding the Salat, for it is a pillar of your religion!
وَ اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي بَيْتِ رَبِّكُمْ لَا تُخْلُوهُ مَا بَقِيتُمْ فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ تُرِكَ لَمْ تُنَاظَرُوا
And Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj regarding the House of your Lord-azwj! Do not keep it empty for as long as you live, for if it is neglected, you will not be spared.
وَ اللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي الْجِهَادِ بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَ أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ أَلْسِنَتِكُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالتَّوَاصُلِ وَ التَّبَاذُلِ وَ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ التَّدَابُرَ وَ التَّقَاطُعَ
And Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj regarding the Jihad with your wealth and yourselves and your tongues in the Way of Allah-azwj, and upon you is to be with the connecting (the relatives) and the spending. And beware of the turning away (from each other) and the cutting off (the relationships).
لَا تَتْرُكُوا الْأَمْرَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ النَّهْيَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ فَيُوَلَّى عَلَيْكُمْ أَشْرَارُكُمْ ثُمَّ تَدْعُونَ فَلَا يُسْتَجَابُ لَكُمْ
Do not neglect enjoining with the good and forbidding from the evil, or your evil ones will rule over you, then you would be supplicating, but it will not be Answered for you all’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ لَا أُلْفِيَنَّكُمْ تَخُوضُونَ دِمَاءَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَوْضاً تَقُولُونَ قُتِلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَلَا لَا يُقْتَلَنَ بِي إِلَّا قَاتِلِي انْظُرُوا إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ مِنْ ضَرْبَتِهِ هَذِهِ فَاضْرِبُوهُ ضَرْبَةً بِضَرْبَةٍ وَ لَا يُمَثَّلْ بِالرَّجُلِ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ الْمُثْلَةَ وَ لَوْ بِالْكَلْبِ الْعَقُورِ.
Then he-asws said: ‘O sons of Abdul Muttalib-as! I-asws anticipate you will be wading in the blood of the Muslims with a wading. You will be saying, ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws has been killed!’ Indeed! Do not kill except my-asws killer due to me-asws. Await, when I-asws am dead from this strike of his-la, then strike him-la with (one) strike, and do not trample the man, for I-asws have heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Beware of the trampling (the dead bodies), and even if it is a mordacious dog!’’[7]
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 42, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 127 H 51
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 42, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 127 H 12
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 42, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 127 H 11
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 42, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 127 H 7
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 42, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 127 H 52
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 42, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 127 H 55
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 42, The book of History – Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ch 127 H 58