We would like to present few Ahadith of Masomeen-asws regarding Eid-ul-Fitar and Eid-ul-Zaha:
MAN LA YAHDHUR AL FAQIH – H 1485
1485 – وفي العلل التي تروى عن الفضل بن شاذان النيسابوري رضي الله عنه ويذكر أنه سمعها من الرضا عليه السلام أنه ” إنما جعل يوم الفطر العيد ليكون للمسلمين مجتمعا يجتمعون فيه، ويبرزون لله عزوجل، فيمجدونه على ما من عليهم، فيكون يوم عيد، ويوم اجتماع، ويوم فطر، ويوم زكاة، ويوم رغبة، ويوم تضرع، ولانه أول يوم من السنة يحل فيه الاكل والشرب لان أول شهور السنة عند أهل الحق شهر رمضان فأحب الله عزوجل أن يكون لهم في ذلك مجمع يحمدونه فيه ويقدسونه وإنما جعل التكبير فيها أكثر منه في غيرها من الصلاة لان التكبير إنما هو تعظيم لله وتمجيد على ما هدى وعافا كما قال الله عزوجل: ” ولتكبروا الله على ما هداكم لعلكم تشكرون ” وإنما جعل فيها اثنتا عشرة تكبيرة لانه يكون في [كل] ركعتين اثنتا عشرة تكبيرة ، وجعل سبع في الاولى وخمس في الثانية ولم يسو بينهما لان السنة في الصلاة الفريضة أن تستفتح بسبع تكبيرات فلذلك بدأ ههنا بسبع تكبيرات، وجعل في الثانية خمس تكبيرات لان التحريم من التكبير في اليوم والليلة خمس تكبيرات وليكون التكبير في الركعتين جميعا وترا وترا
Al Fadhl Ibn Shazaan Al Neysapuri (r.a.) remembers that he hear from Al Ridha (a.s.) that: ‘Surely the day of Fitr has been made as Eid for all Muslims get together in this to please Allah the Almighty, and they Glorify Him for what they have received from Him and this is the day of Eid, and the day of gathering, and the day of Fitr, and the day of Zakaat and the day of wishes and the day of supplications, because this is the first day of the year when it is permissible to eat and drink and the first month of the year with the people of Truth is the month of Ramadhan. Allah the Almighty Loves that in this there should be a gathering of people who would Praise Him and extol His Holiness and Prescribed more Takbeers in this Prayer compared to other ones for they are a Respect for Allah (s.w.t.) and His Glorification for the Guidance as Allah (s.w.t.) has Said – and that you should exalt the greatness of Allah for His having guided you and that you may give thanks – [2:185] And He has Prescribed twelve Takbeers in total in the two cycles of Prayer, seven in the first and five in the second, not equal in each. Why is this between them, because it is the Sunnah in the obligatory Prayers to start with seven Takbeers and so it is in this as well, seven Takbeers, and Prescribed five Takbeers for the second cycle, one from each obligatory Prayer of the day.
OTHER REFERENCES
WASAAIL US SHIA – VOL 7 H 9911
BIHAR UL ANWAAR – VOL 6 P 78
ILLAL U SHARAI – VOL 1 P 268
What to Do:
I asked from Imam-asws, it is generally said, mercy is extended for those who fast during the month of Ramadan, in particular during ‘Shab-e-Qadar’, Imam-asws replied, yes, it is like good workers are paid generously, which (Allah-azwj) does on the eve of Eid. I then said, May I be your ransom, what shall we do at this time? Imam-asws replied, upon Sunset, take bath and offer Magrib prayers, raise your hands and say: O the most rewarding and powerful, the most gracious, the One who has made Mohammed-saww praiseworthy, bless Mohammed-saww and his Household-asws, forgive all my sins which You have seen- surely, I have overlooked although these are written in Your-azwj book. Then say in the prostration, ‘Atub illallah’ 100 times and make a prayer.[1]
Masoom-asws said, eat before offering salat on Eid-ul-Fitr whereas eat after offering prayers on Eid-ul-Zaha (Qurban). [2]
Rasool Allah-saww said: An Angel announces on the first day of ‘Shawaal’ (Eid) O those who are blessed with Emaan[3] wake up and collect your gifts, Rasool Allah-saww also said O Jabar, Allah-azwj’s gifts are not like those of rulers and kings, the day of Eid is for Divine gifts.[4]
Ibn Abi Najran and Ali bin Hakam have reported through Safwan Jamal, who stated that upon asking from Hazrat Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq-asws regarding the ‘Fitra’[5], Imam-asws replied, it is obligatory on everyone, include rich and poor as well as the resourceful and the slave which is equivalent to one ‘Salah’ (2.8 kg) of dates or wheat or dried grapes, in another hadith Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq-asws says, donate ‘Fitra’ on whatever you (usually) eat.
تهذيبالأحكام ج : 4 ص : 88 وسائلالشيعة 9 360
وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بِلَالٍ وَ أَرَانِي قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بِلَالٍ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الرَّجُلُ فِي بَلْدَةٍ وَ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ مِنْ إِخْوَانِهِ فِي بَلْدَةٍ أُخْرَى يَحْتَاجُ أَنْ يُوَجِّهَ لَهُ فِطْرَةً أَمْ لَا فَكَتَبَ تُقْسَمُ الْفِطْرَةُ عَلَى مَنْ حَضَرَ وَ لَا يُوَجَّهُ ذَلِكَ إِلَى بَلْدَةٍ أُخْرَى وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ مُوَافِقاً
He said that I wrote to Imam Ali Naqi (asws) is it permissible for a man who lives in a town to send fitra to his brother in belief who lives in another town?
He (asws) wrote distribute the Fitra in people present where you live and don’t send it to people of another town. if you do not find any brother in belief in your town (you can send it to others).
Wassail-u-shia vol 9
Tehzeeb-ul-ehkaam vol 4
Al-Istabsar
What to Remember:
In Sahifa-e-Sajjadia (also known as Sahifa-e-Kamila), Abdul ibn Denar has narrated from Imam Zain-ul-Abadeen-asws that Imam-asws said:
O! Abdullah, either it is Eid-ul-Zaha or Eid-ul-Fitr of Muslims, it should refresh the grief and sufferings of Ahlul bait-asws (Abdullah asked), how it is? Imam-asws replied: Because it makes one realise that our Divine right has been usurped by our enemies.
AbdulAllah bin Latif Tafleesy has stated from Zain who has heard from Hazrat Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq-asws: Imam-asws said when they struck Imam Hussain-asws with swords and Imam-asws came from the horse as a result, those people came forward and behead Imam-asws. It was then heard by all present, an angel calling upon Allah-azwj‘s wrath on them as: O! misguided and devious people you have gone astray after (the death of your) Prophet, Allah-azwj would never enable you to observe Eid-ul-zaha and Eid-ul-Fitr’
In another tradition it is narrated that an angel was heard praying, ‘Allah-azwj may not enable you to observe Fasts and Eids’, Imam Jafar-e-Sadiq-asws said: by Allah-azwj, as a result of the angel’s ‘prayer’, these people will never ever be able to observe Eid, neither now nor in the future, until the day the ‘Revenge-Taker’ (Imam Mehdi-asws) takes the revenge of Imam Hussain-asws’s (innocent) blood from them,[6]
[1] (Faroo-e-Kafi, chapter 71)
[2] (Faroo-e-Kafi, chapter 71)
[3] Belive in Wila of Amir-ul-momaneen Ali ibn Abi Talibasws
[4] Manla yahzural faqih, vol. II)
[5] elms
[6] Manla yahzural faqih, vol. II