Volume 12
Part 2 out of 2
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
باب 8 قصص ذي القرنين
CHAPTER 8 – STORY OF ZULQARNAYN
الآيات الكهف وَ يَسْئَلُونَكَ عَنْ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ قُلْ سَأَتْلُوا عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْهُ ذِكْراً
The Verses – (Surah) Al Kahf: And they are asking you about Zulqarnain. Say: ‘I will recite to you a mention of him [18:83]
إِنَّا مَكَّنَّا لَهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ آتَيْناهُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ سَبَباً
Surely, We Enabled him in the earth and Gave him a course from every thing [18:84]
فَأَتْبَعَ سَبَباً
So he followed a course [18:85]
حَتَّى إِذا بَلَغَ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ وَجَدَها تَغْرُبُ فِي عَيْنٍ حَمِئَةٍ وَ وَجَدَ عِنْدَها قَوْماً قُلْنا يا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِمَّا أَنْ تُعَذِّبَ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ تَتَّخِذَ فِيهِمْ حُسْناً
Until when he reached west of the sun, and found it setting in a muddy spring, and found a people at it. We Said: “O Zulqarnayn! Either you punish or you take to goodness regarding them” [18:86]
قالَ أَمَّا مَنْ ظَلَمَ فَسَوْفَ نُعَذِّبُهُ ثُمَّ يُرَدُّ إِلى رَبِّهِ فَيُعَذِّبُهُ عَذاباً نُكْراً
He said: ‘As for one who is unjust, then soon We will Punish him, then he will return to His Lord and He will Punish him with a terrible Punishment [18:87]
وَ أَمَّا مَنْ آمَنَ وَ عَمِلَ صالِحاً فَلَهُ جَزاءً الْحُسْنى وَ سَنَقُولُ لَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِنا يُسْراً
And as for him who believes and does (the) righteous deed, for him shall be a goodly Recompense, and We will Speak to him an easy word from Our Command [18:88]
ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ سَبَباً
Then he followed a course [18:89]
حَتَّى إِذا بَلَغَ مَطْلِعَ الشَّمْسِ وَجَدَها تَطْلُعُ عَلى قَوْمٍ لَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِها سِتْراً
Until when he reached the emergence of the sun, and found it emerging upon a people for whom We had not Made a shelter from below it [18:90]
كَذلِكَ وَ قَدْ أَحَطْنا بِما لَدَيْهِ خُبْراً
Like that! And We have encompassing knowledge of his news [18:91]
ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ سَبَباً
Then he followed a course [18:92]
حَتَّى إِذا بَلَغَ بَيْنَ السَّدَّيْنِ وَجَدَ مِنْ دُونِهِما قَوْماً لا يَكادُونَ يَفْقَهُونَ قَوْلًا
Until when he reached between the two mountains and found besides these a people who could hardly understand a word [18:93]
قالُوا يا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِنَّ يَأْجُوجَ وَ مَأْجُوجَ مُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَهَلْ نَجْعَلُ لَكَ خَرْجاً عَلى أَنْ تَجْعَلَ بَيْنَنا وَ بَيْنَهُمْ سَدًّا
They said, ‘O Zulqarnain! Yajouj and Majouj are making mischief in the land, so can we make a remuneration for you upon that you will make a barrier to be (built) between us and them?’ [18:94]
قالَ ما مَكَّنِّي فِيهِ رَبِّي خَيْرٌ فَأَعِينُونِي بِقُوَّةٍ أَجْعَلْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَ بَيْنَهُمْ رَدْماً
He said, ‘What my Lord has Enabled me in it is better, but assist me with a workforce, I shall make a fortified barrier to be between you and them [18:95]
آتُونِي زُبَرَ الْحَدِيدِ حَتَّى إِذا ساوى بَيْنَ الصَّدَفَيْنِ قالَ انْفُخُوا حَتَّى إِذا جَعَلَهُ ناراً قالَ آتُونِي أُفْرِغْ عَلَيْهِ قِطْراً
Bring me blocks of iron!’ Until when he had erected between the two cliffs, he said: ‘Blow!’ Until when He made it a fire, he said: ‘Bring me molten copper to pour upon it!’ [18:96]
فَمَا اسْطاعُوا أَنْ يَظْهَرُوهُ وَ مَا اسْتَطاعُوا لَهُ نَقْباً
So they were neither able to scale it nor were they able to make a hole in it [18:97]
قالَ هذا رَحْمَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّي فَإِذا جاءَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي جَعَلَهُ دَكَّاءَ وَ كانَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي حَقًّا
He said: ‘This is a Mercy from my Lord, but when the Promise of my Lord comes, He will Make it level, and a Promise of my Lord would always be true [18:97]
Notes –
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: سَخَّرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ السَّحَابَ فَحَمَلَهُ عَلَيْهَا وَ مَدَّ لَهُ فِي الْأَسْبَابِ وَ بَسَطَ لَهُ النُّورَ فَكَانَ اللَّيْلُ وَ النَّهَارُ عَلَيْهِ سَوَاءً فَهَذَا مَعْنَى تَمْكِينِهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ
And it is reported from Ali-asws, he said: ‘Allah-azwj had Subdued the clouds for him. He-azwj Carried him upon it and and Extended in the means for him, and Extended the light for him, so the night and the day were the same unto him. This is the meaning of ‘Surely, We Enabled him in the earth [18:84]’’.
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ الَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ إِنَّ دَوَابَّ الْأَرْضِ لَتَسْمَنُ وَ تَشْكَرُ مِنْ لُحُومِهِمْ شَكَراً
The Prophet-saww said: ‘By the One in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad-saww! The animals of the earth will be fattened and nourished by their flesh abundantly’.
1- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام كان اسم ذي القرنين عياشا و كان أول الملوك بعد نوح ع ملك ما بين المشرق و المغرب
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya – The name of Zulqarnayn was ‘Ayyasha’, and he was the first of the kings after Noah. He ruled what is between the east and the west’.[1]
2- ع، علل الشرائع لي، الأمالي للصدوق مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ الزَّنْجَانِيُّ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى الْعَنْبَرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ عَنْ جُوَيْرِيَةَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ وَهْبٍ قَالَ: وَجَدْتُ فِي بَعْضِ كُتُبِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ لَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ عَمَلِ السَّدِّ انْطَلَقَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يَسِيرُ وَ جُنُودَهُ إِذْ مَرَّ عَلَى شَيْخٍ يُصَلِّي فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ بِجُنُودِهِ حَتَّى انْصَرَفَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ كَيْفَ لَمْ يُرَوِّعْكَ مَا حَضَرَكَ مِنْ جُنُودِي قَالَ كُنْتُ أُنَاجِي مَنْ هُوَ أَكْثَرُ جُنُوداً مِنْكَ وَ أَعَزُّ سُلْطَاناً وَ أَشَدُّ قُوَّةً وَ لَوْ صَرَفْتُ وَجْهِي إِلَيْكَ لَمْ أُدْرِكْ حَاجَتِي قِبَلَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ هَلْ لَكَ فِي أَنْ تَنْطَلِقَ مَعِي فَأُوَاسِيَكَ بِنَفْسِي وَ أَسْتَعِينَ بِكَ عَلَى بَعْضِ أَمْرِي قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنْ ضَمِنْتَ لِي أَرْبَعَ خِصَالٍ نَعِيماً لَا يَزُولُ وَ صِحَّةً لَا سُقْمَ فِيهَا وَ شَبَاباً لَا هَرَمَ فِيهِ وَ حَيَاةً لَا مَوْتَ فِيهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ أَيُّ مَخْلُوقٍ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْخِصَالِ فَقَالَ الشَّيْخُ فَإِنِّي مَعَ مَنْ يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهَا وَ يَمْلِكُهَا وَ إِيَّاكَ ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِرَجُلٍ عَالِمٍ فَقَالَ لِذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ شَيْئَيْنِ مُنْذُ خَلَقَهُمَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَائِمَيْنِ وَ عَنْ شَيْئَيْنِ جَارِيَيْنِ وَ شَيْئَيْنِ مُخْتَلِفَيْنِ وَ شَيْئَيْنِ مُتَبَاغِضَيْنِ فَقَالَ لَهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَمَّا الشَّيْئَانِ الْقَائِمَانِ فَالسَّمَاوَاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ وَ أَمَّا الشَّيْئَانِ الْجَارِيَانِ فَالشَّمْسُ وَ الْقَمَرُ وَ أَمَّا الشَّيْئَانِ الْمُخْتَلِفَانِ فَاللَّيْلُ وَ النَّهَارُ وَ أَمَّا الشَّيْئَانِ الْمُتَبَاغِضَانِ فَالْمَوْتُ وَ الْحَيَاةُ فَقَالَ انْطَلِقْ فَإِنَّكَ عَالِمٌ فَانْطَلَقَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ يَسِيرُ فِي الْبِلَادِ حَتَّى مَرَّ بِشَيْخٍ يُقَلِّبُ جَمَاجِمَ الْمَوْتَى فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ بِجُنُودِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَخْبِرْنِي أَيُّهَا الشَّيْخُ لِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ تُقَلِّبُ هَذِهِ الْجَمَاجِمَ قَالَ لِأَعْرِفَ الشَّرِيفَ مِنَ الْوَضِيعِ وَ الْغَنِيَّ مِنَ الْفَقِيرِ فَمَا عَرَفْتُ وَ إِنِّي لَأُقَلِّبُهَا مُنْذُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً فَانْطَلَقَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ تَرَكَهُ فَقَالَ مَا عَنَيْتَ بِهَذَا أَحَداً غَيْرِي فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يَسِيرُ إِذَا وَقَعَ إِلَى الْأُمَّةِ الْعَالِمَةِ مِنْ قَوْمِ مُوسَى الَّذِينَ يَهْدُونَ بِالْحَقِّ وَ بِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ قَالَ لَهُمْ أَيُّهَا الْقَوْمُ أَخْبِرُونِي بِخَبَرِكُمْ فَإِنِّي قَدْ دُرْتُ الْأَرْضَ شَرْقَهَا وَ غَرْبَهَا وَ بَرَّهَا وَ بَحْرَهَا وَ سَهْلَهَا وَ جَبَلَهَا وَ نُورَهَا وَ ظُلْمَتَهَا فَلَمْ أَلْقَ مِثْلَكُمْ فَأَخْبِرُونِي مَا بَالُ قُبُورِ مَوْتَاكُمْ عَلَى أَبْوَابِ بُيُوتِكُمْ قَالُوا فَعَلْنَا ذَلِكَ لِئَلَّا نَنْسَى الْمَوْتَ وَ لَا يَخْرُجَ ذِكْرُهُ مِنْ قُلُوبِنَا قَالَ فَمَا بَالُ بُيُوتِكُمْ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا أَبْوَابٌ قَالُوا لَيْسَ فِينَا لِصٌّ وَ لَا ظَنِينٌ وَ لَيْسَ فِينَا إِلَّا أَمِينٌ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَرَاءُ قَالُوا لَا نَتَظَالَمُ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَيْسَ بَيْنَكُمْ حُكَّامٌ قَالُوا لَا نَخْتَصِمُ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَيْسَ فِيكُمْ مُلُوكٌ قَالُوا لَا نَتَكَاثَرُ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا تَتَفَاضَلُونَ وَ لَا تَتَفَاوَتُونَ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا مُتَوَاسُونَ مُتَرَاحِمُونَ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا تَتَنَازَعُونَ وَ لَا تَخْتَلِفُونَ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أُلْفَةِ قُلُوبِنَا وَ صَلَاحِ ذَاتِ بَيْنِنَا قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا تَسْتَبُونَ وَ لَا تَقْتُلُونَ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا غَلَبْنَا طَبَائِعَنَا بِالْعَزْمِ وَ سُسْنَا[2] أَنْفُسَنَا بِالْحِلْمِ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ كَلِمَتُكُمْ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ طَرِيقَتُكُمْ مُسْتَقِيمَةٌ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا لَا نَتَكَاذَبُ وَ لَا نَتَخَادَعُ وَ لَا يَغْتَابُ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضاً قَالَ فَأَخْبِرُونِي لِمَ لَيْسَ فِيكُمْ مِسْكِينٌ وَ لَا فَقِيرٌ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا نُقَسِّمُ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَيْسَ فِيكُمْ فَظٌّ وَ لَا غَلِيظٌ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ الذُّلِّ وَ التَّوَاضُعِ قَالَ فَلِمَ جَعَلَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَطْوَلَ النَّاسِ أَعْمَاراً قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا نَتَعَاطَى الْحَقَّ وَ نَحْكُمُ بِالْعَدْلِ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا تُقْحَطُونَ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا لَا نَغْفَلُ عَنِ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا تَحْزَنُونَ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا وَطَّنَّا أَنْفُسَنَا عَلَى الْبَلَاءِ فَعَزَّيْنَا أَنْفُسَنَا قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا يُصِيبُكُمُ الْآفَاتُ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا لَا نَتَوَكَّلُ عَلَى غَيْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَا نَسْتَمْطِرُ بِالْأَنْوَاءِ وَ النُّجُومِ قَالَ فَحَدِّثُونِي أَيُّهَا الْقَوْمُ هَكَذَا وَجَدْتُمْ آبَاءَكُمْ يَفْعَلُونَ قَالُوا وَجَدْنَا آبَاءَنَا يَرْحَمُونَ مِسْكِينَهُمْ وَ يُوَاسُونَ فَقِيرَهُمْ وَ يَعْفُونَ عَمَّنْ ظَلَمَهُمْ وَ يُحْسِنُونَ إِلَى مَنْ أَسَاءَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِمُسِيئِهِمْ وَ يَصِلُونَ أَرْحَامَهُمْ وَ يُؤَدُّونَ أَمَانَتَهُمْ وَ يَصْدُقُونَ وَ لَا يَكْذِبُونَ فَأَصْلَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ بِذَلِكَ أَمْرَهُمْ فَأَقَامَ عِنْدَهُمْ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ حَتَّى قُبِضَ وَ كَانَ لَهُ خَمْسُمِائَةِ عَامٍ
(Judeo Christian literature)[3]
3- ل، الخصال الطَّالَقَانِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ كَانَ قَارِئاً لِلْكُتُبِ قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ فِي بَعْضِ كُتُبِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ لَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ عَمَلِ السَّدِّ انْطَلَقَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يَسِيرُ وَ جُنُودَهُ إِذْ مَرَّ بِرَجُلٍ عَالِمٍ فَقَالَ لِذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ شَيْئَيْنِ مُنْذُ خَلَقَهُمَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَائِمَيْنِ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ انْطَلِقْ فَإِنَّكَ عَالِمٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ الْحَدِيثُ طَوِيلٌ أَخَذْنَا مِنْهُ مَوْضِعَ الْحَاجَةِ
(Judeo Christian literature)[4]
4- فس، تفسير القمي جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى يَسْئَلُونَكَ عَنْ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ قُلْ سَأَتْلُوا عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْهُ ذِكْراً
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – Ja’far Bin Ahmad, from Abdullah Bin Musa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from his father, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: And they are asking you about Zulqarnain. Say: ‘I will recite to you a mention of him [18:83].
قَالَ إِنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَضُرِبَ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ فَأَمَاتَهُ اللَّهُ خَمْسَمِائَةِ عَامٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَضُرِبَ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ فَأَمَاتَهُ اللَّهُ خَمْسَمِائَةِ عَامٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَمَلَّكَهُ مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَ مَغَارِبَهَا مِنْ حَيْثُ تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ إِلَى حَيْثُ تَغْرُبُ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Sent Zulqarnayn to his people, and they struck upon his right horn, and Allah-azwj Caused them to die for five hundred years. Then He-azwj Sent him to them after that, and they struck upon his left horn, so Allah-azwj Caused them to die for five hundred years, then Sent him to them after that. He ruled over the east of the earth and its west, from where the sun emerges to where it sets.
فَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ حَتَّى إِذا بَلَغَ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ وَجَدَها تَغْرُبُ فِي عَيْنٍ حَمِئَةٍ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ عَذاباً نُكْراً قَالَ فِي النَّارِ فَجَعَلَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ بَيْنَهُمْ بَاباً مِنْ نُحَاسٍ وَ حَدِيدٍ وَ زِفْتٍ وَ قَطِرَانٍ- فَحَالَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ الْخُرُوجِ
These are His-azwj Words: Until when he reached west of the sun, and found it setting in a muddy spring [18:86] – up to His-azwj Words with a terrible Punishment [18:87] – he-asws said: ‘In the Fire. Zulqarnayn built for them a gate of copper and iron, and asphalt and tar, which came to be between them and the exit.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَيْسَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ يَمُوتُ حَتَّى يُولَدَ لَهُ مِنْ صُلْبِهِ أَلْفُ ذَكَرٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ هُمْ أَكْثَرُ خَلْقٍ خُلِقُوا بَعْدَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ
Then Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘There was no man among them who died until there were born for him, from his loins, a thousand sons’. Then he-asws said: ‘They Yajouj and Majouj (Gog and Magog) were more numerous creatures Created, after the Angels.[5]
5 وَ سُئِلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَنْ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَ نَبِيّاً كَانَ أَمْ مَلَكاً
And Amir Al-Momineen-asws was asked about Zulqarnayn, ‘Was he a Prophet-as of a king?’
فَقَالَ لَا نَبِيّاً وَ لَا مَلَكاً بَلْ عَبْداً أَحَبَّ اللَّهَ فَأَحَبَّهُ وَ نَصَحَ لِلَّهِ فَنَصَحَ لَهُ فَبَعَثَهُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَضَرَبُوهُ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ فَغَابَ عَنْهُمْ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَغِيبَ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ الثَّانِيَةَ فَضَرَبُوهُ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ فَغَابَ عَنْهُمْ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَغِيبَ
He-asws said: ‘Neither a Prophet-as nor a king, but a servant who loved Allah-azwj, and He-azwj Loves him, and he advised for (the Sake of) Allah-azwj, and He-azwj Advised him. He-azwj Sent him to his people, but they struck upon his right horn. He was absent from them for as long as Allah-azwj Desired him to be absent.
ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ الثَّالِثَةَ فَمَكَّنَ اللَّهُ لَهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ فِيكُمْ مِثْلُهُ يَعْنِي نَفْسَهُ
Then He-azwj Sent him secondly, but they struck him upon his left horn, and he was absent from them for as long as Allah-azwj Desired him to be absent. Then Allah-azwj Sent him for the third time, and Allah-azwj Enamelled for him in the land, and among you all is his example’ – meaning himself-asws.
فَ بَلَغَ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ فَ وَجَدَها تَغْرُبُ فِي عَيْنٍ حَمِئَةٍ وَ وَجَدَ عِنْدَها قَوْماً- قُلْنا يا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِمَّا أَنْ تُعَذِّبَ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ تَتَّخِذَ فِيهِمْ حُسْناً قالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَمَّا مَنْ ظَلَمَ فَسَوْفَ نُعَذِّبُهُ ثُمَّ يُرَدُّ إِلى رَبِّهِ فَيُعَذِّبُهُ عَذاباً نُكْراً إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ سَبَباً أَيْ دَلِيلًا حَتَّى إِذا بَلَغَ مَطْلِعَ الشَّمْسِ وَجَدَها تَطْلُعُ عَلى قَوْمٍ لَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِها سِتْراً
‘Until when he reached west of the sun, and found it setting in a muddy spring, and found a people at it. We Said: “O Zulqarnayn! Either you punish or you take to goodness regarding them” [18:86] He (Zulqarnayn) said: ‘As for one who is unjust, then soon We will Punish him, then he will return to His Lord and He will Punish him with a terrible Punishment [18:87] – up to His-azwj Words: Then he followed a course [18:89] – i.e. indication, Until when he reached the emergence of the sun, and found it emerging upon a people for whom We had not Made a shelter from below it [18:90].
قَالَ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا صَنْعَةَ ثِيَابٍ ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ سَبَباً أَيْ دَلِيلًا حَتَّى إِذا بَلَغَ بَيْنَ السَّدَّيْنِ وَجَدَ مِنْ دُونِهِما قَوْماً لا يَكادُونَ يَفْقَهُونَ قَوْلًا قالُوا يا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِنَّ يَأْجُوجَ وَ مَأْجُوجَ مُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَهَلْ نَجْعَلُ لَكَ خَرْجاً عَلى أَنْ تَجْعَلَ بَيْنَنا وَ بَيْنَهُمْ سَدًّا
He-asws said: ‘They did not know the making of clothes. Then he followed a course [18:92] Until when he reached between the two mountains and found besides these a people who could hardly understand a word [18:93] They said, ‘O Zulqarnain! Yajouj and Majouj are making mischief in the land, so can we make a remuneration for you upon that you will make a barrier to be (built) between us and them?’ [18:94].
فَقَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ ما مَكَّنِّي فِيهِ رَبِّي خَيْرٌ فَأَعِينُونِي بِقُوَّةٍ أَجْعَلْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَ بَيْنَهُمْ رَدْماً آتُونِي زُبَرَ الْحَدِيدِ فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَأْتُوهُ بِالْحَدِيدِ فَأَتَوْا بِهِ فَوَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ الصَّدَفَيْنِ يَعْنِي بَيْنَ الْجَبَلَيْنِ حَتَّى سَوَّى بَيْنَهُمَا ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَأْتُوا بِالنَّارِ فَأَتَوْا بِهَا فَنَفَخُوا تَحْتَ الْحَدِيدِ حَتَّى صَارَ مِثْلَ النَّارِ ثُمَّ صَبَّ عَلَيْهِ الْقِطْرَ وَ هُوَ الصُّفْرُ حَتَّى سَدَّهُ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ حَتَّى إِذا ساوى بَيْنَ الصَّدَفَيْنِ
He (Zulqarnayn) said, ‘What my Lord has Enabled me in it is better, but assist me with a workforce, I shall make a fortified barrier to be between you and them [18:95]. He instructed them to come to him with the iron. They came with it, and he placed it between the two hills, meaning between the two mountains, until he had evened between the two. Then he instructed them to come with the fire. They came with it, and they blew it beneath the iron until it became like fire. Then he poured molten copper, and it is the brass, until he had blocked it.
قالَ انْفُخُوا حَتَّى إِذا جَعَلَهُ ناراً إِلَى قَوْلِهِ نَقْباً فَقَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ هذا رَحْمَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّي فَإِذا جاءَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي جَعَلَهُ دَكَّاءَ وَ كانَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي حَقًّا
And it is His-azwj Word: Bring me blocks of iron!’ Until when he had erected between the two cliffs, he said: ‘Blow!’ Until when He made it a fire [18:96] – up to His-azwj Words: a hole in it [18:97]. He said: ‘This is a Mercy from my Lord, but when the Promise of my Lord comes, He will Make it level, and a Promise of my Lord would always be true [18:97].
قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ انْهَدَمَ ذَلِكَ السَّدُّ وَ خَرَجَ يَأْجُوجُ وَ مَأْجُوجُ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا وَ أَكَلُوا النَّاسَ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ حَتَّى إِذا فُتِحَتْ يَأْجُوجُ وَ مَأْجُوجُ وَ هُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ حَدَبٍ يَنْسِلُونَ
He-asws said: ‘When it will be just before the Day of Qiyamah during the end of times, that dam will be demolished, and Yajouj and Majouj will come out to the world and devour the people, and it is His-azwj Word: ‘Until when Yajouj and Majouj are released, and they would be descending from every elevation [21:96]’.
قَالَ فَسَارَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِلَى نَاحِيَةِ الْمَغْرِبِ فَكَانَ إِذَا مَرَّ بِقَرْيَةٍ زَأَرَ فِيهَا كَمَا يَزْأَرُ الْأَسَدُ الْمُغْضَبُ فَيَنْبَعِثُ فِي الْقَرْيَةِ ظُلُمَاتٌ وَ رَعْدٌ وَ بَرْقٌ وَ صَوَاعِقُ يَهْلِكُ مَنْ نَاوَاهُ وَ خَالَفَهُ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ حَتَّى دَانَ لَهُ أَهْلُ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ
Zulqarnayn travelled to the areas of the west, and it so happened that whenever he passed by a town, he visited therein just as the angry lion would visit it. So, from one of his horns emitted the darkness, and the thunder, and lightning, and thunderbolts destroying the ones around it and behind it. He did not reach the west of the sun until the people of the east and the west professed (Religion) to him.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّا مَكَّنَّا لَهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ آتَيْناهُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ سَبَباً أَيْ دَلِيلًا
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: And that is the Word of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Surely, We Enabled him in the earth and Gave him a course from every thing [18:84], i.e., indication.
فَقِيلَ لَهُ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ فِي أَرْضِهِ عَيْناً يُقَالُ لَهَا عَيْنُ الْحَيَاةِ لَا يَشْرَبُ مِنْهَا ذُو رُوحٍ إِلَّا لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى الصَّيْحَةِ
It was said to him, ‘For Allah-azwj in the earth, there is a spring called the spring of life. None with a soul will drink from it except he would not die until the Scream.
فَدَعَا ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ الْخَضِرَ وَ كَانَ أَفْضَلَ أَصْحَابِهِ عِنْدَهُ وَ دَعَا ثَلَاثَمِائَةٍ وَ سِتِّينَ رَجُلًا وَ دَفَعَ إِلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ سَمَكَةً وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ اذْهَبُوا إِلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنَّ هُنَاكَ ثَلَاثَمِائَةٍ وَ سِتِّينَ عَيْناً فَلْيَغْسِلْ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمْ سَمَكَتَهُ فِي عَيْنٍ غَيْرِ عَيْنِ صَاحِبِهِ
Zulqarnayn called Khizr-as, he was the most superior of his-as companions in his-as presence, and called three hundred and sixty men, and handed over a (dead) fish to each one of them, and said to them: ‘Go to such and such a place, for over there, there are three hundred and sixty springs, and let each one of you wash his fish in a spring other than the spring of his companions’.
فَذَهَبُوا يَغْسِلُونَ وَ قَعَدَ الْخَضِرُ يَغْسِلُ فَانْسَابَتِ السَّمَكَةُ مِنْهُ فِي الْعَيْنِ وَ بَقِيَ الْخَضِرُ مُتَعَجِّباً مِمَّا رَأَى وَ قَالَ فِي نَفْسِهِ مَا أَقُولُ لِذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ ثُمَّ نَزَعَ ثِيَابَهُ يَطْلُبُ السَّمَكَةَ فَشَرِبَ مِنْ مَائِهَا وَ اغْتَمَسَ فِيهِ وَ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى السَّمَكَةِ
They went and washed, and Al-Khizr-as sat to wash, but the fish slipped from him-as into the spring, and Al-Khizr-as remained wondering from what he-as saw, and said within himself-as: ‘What shall I-as say to Zul-Qarnayn?’ Then he-as removed his cloth to seek the fish, and he-as drank from its water, but was not able upon (finding) the fish.
فَرَجَعُوا إِلَى ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَأَمَرَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ بِقَبْضِ السَّمَكِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَوْا إِلَى الْخَضِرِ لَمْ يَجِدُوا مَعَهُ شَيْئاً فَدَعَاهُ وَ قَالَ لَهُ مَا حَالُ السَّمَكَةِ فَأَخْبَرَهُ الْخَبَرَ فَقَالَ لَهُ فَصَنَعْتَ مَا ذَا قَالَ اغْتَمَسْتُ فِيهَا فَجَعَلْتُ أَغُوصُ وَ أَطْلُبُهَا فَلَمْ أَجِدْهَا قَالَ فَشَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ
Then they returned to Zul-Qarnayn, and Zul-Qarnayn ordered for taking back the fish from his companions. When he ended up to Al-Khizr-as, he did not find anything to be with him, and said to him: ‘What is the state of the fish?’ Al-Khizr-as informed him. He said to him-as: ‘What did you-as do?’ He-as said: ‘I-as immersed into it and went on diving to seek it, but could not find it’. He said: ‘Did you-as drink from it?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَطَلَبَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ الْعَيْنَ فَلَمْ يَجِدْهَا فَقَالَ لِلْخَضِرِ كُنْتَ أَنْتَ صَاحِبَهَا
He-asws said: ‘Then Zulqarnayn sought the spring of life, but could not find it, and he said to Al-Khizr-as: ‘You-as were its owner’’.[6]
6- شي، تفسير العياشي ج، الإحتجاج عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ قَالَ: قَامَ ابْنُ الْكَوَّاءِ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع وَ هُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَ نَبِيّاً كَانَ أَمْ مَلَكاً وَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَرْنَيْهِ أَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ كَانَ أَمْ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Al Asbagh who said,
‘Ibn Al-Kawa stood up to Ali-asws whilst he-asws was upon the Pulpit, so he said, ‘O Amir-Al-Momineen-asws! Inform me about Zulqarnayn, was he as Prophet-as or a king? And inform me about his two horns (قرنيه), were these from gold or from silver?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع لَمْ يَكُنْ نَبِيّاً وَ لَا مَلَكاً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ قَرْنَاهُ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَ لَا مِنْ فِضَّةٍ وَ لَكِنَّهُ كَانَ عَبْداً أَحَبَّ اللَّهَ فَأَحَبَّهُ وَ نَصَحَ لِلَّهِ فَنَصَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ لِأَنَّهُ دَعَا قَوْمَهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَضَرَبُوهُ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ فَغَابَ عَنْهُمْ حِيناً ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَضَرَبُوهُ بِالسَّيْفِ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ الْآخَرِ وَ فِيكُمْ مِثْلُهُ
He-asws said to him: ‘He was neither a Prophet-as nor a king, and his two horns were neither from gold nor silver, but he was a servant who loved Allah-azwj, and Allah-azwj Loved him, and he advised for the Sake of Allah-azwj, so Allah-azwj Advised him. But rather, he was named as Zulqarnayn because he called his people to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, so they struck upon his horn. He was absent from them for a time, then returned to them, so they struck upon his other horn. And among you is his example’’.[7]
7- فس، تفسير القمي حَتَّى إِذا فُتِحَتْ يَأْجُوجُ وَ مَأْجُوجُ وَ هُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ حَدَبٍ يَنْسِلُونَ قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ آخِرُ الزَّمَانِ خَرَجَ يَأْجُوجُ وَ مَأْجُوجُ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا وَ يَأْكُلُونَ النَّاسَ
(opinion)[8]
8- لي، الأمالي للصدوق مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ لَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى السَّدِّ جَاوَزَهُ فَدَخَلَ فِي الظُّلُمَاتِ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِمَلَكٍ قَائِمٍ عَلَى جَبَلٍ طُولُهُ خَمْسُمِائَةِ ذِرَاعٍ
‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Majaylawiya, from Muhammad al Attar, from Al Ashary, from Isa Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Abdullah Bin Umar, from Abdullah Bin Hamad,
‘From Abu Abdullah Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, having said: ‘When Zulqarnayn reached the barrier, crossed it and entered into the darkness, and there he was with an Angel standing upon a mountain, his length being of five hundred cubits.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَ مَا كَانَ خَلْفَكَ مَسْلَكٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ مَنْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَنَا مَلَكٌ مِنْ مَلَائِكَةِ الرَّحْمَنِ مُوَكَّلٌ بِهَذَا الْجَبَلِ فَلَيْسَ مِنْ جَبَلٍ خَلَقَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَّا وَ لَهُ عِرْقٌ إِلَى هَذَا الْجَبَلِ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُزَلْزِلَ مَدِينَةً أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ فَزَلْزَلْتُهَا
The Angel said to him, ‘O Zulqarnayn! But rather, your course was behind you?’ Zulqarnayn said to him: ‘Who are you?’ He said: ‘I am an Angel from the Angels of the beneficent, allocated with this mountain. There isn’t any mountain Allah-azwj Created except and for there is a vein (connection) to this mountain. Whenever Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Wants to shake a city (by earthquake), Reveals to me, so I shake it (by earthquake)’’.[9]
9- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَبْعَثْ أَنْبِيَاءَ مُلُوكاً فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةً بَعْدَ نُوحٍ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ اسْمُهُ عَيَّاشٌ وَ دَاوُدُ وَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَ يُوسُفُ ع
‘Al-Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Barqy, from Ibn Mahboub, from Hisham Bin Salim, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted did not Send Prophets-as as kings in the earth except four after Noah-as – Zulqarnayn, and his name is Ayash, and Dawood-as, and Suleyman-as, and Yusuf-as.
فَأَمَّا عَيَّاشٌ فَمَلَكَ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ أَمَّا دَاوُدُ فَمَلَكَ مَا بَيْنَ الشَّامَاتِ إِلَى بِلَادِ إِصْطَخْرَ وَ كَذَلِكَ مُلْكُ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ أَمَّا يُوسُفُ فَمَلَكَ مِصْرَ وَ بَرَارِيَهَا لَمْ يُجَاوِزْهَا إِلَى غَيْرِهَا
As for Ayash, he ruled what is between the east and the west; and as for Dawood-as, he-as ruled what is between Al-Shamat to the city of Istakhar; and similar to that was the kingdom of Suleyman-as; and as for Yusuf-as, he-as ruled Egypt and its prairies, not exceeding it to others.[10]
10- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَلَكَ الْأَرْضَ كُلَّهَا أَرْبَعَةٌ مُؤْمِنَانِ وَ كَافِرَانِ فَأَمَّا الْمُؤْمِنَانِ فَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ وَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ الْكَافِرَانِ نُمْرُودُ وَ بُخْتَنَصَّرُ وَ اسْمُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ ضَحَّاكِ بْنِ مَعَدٍّ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Barqy, from his father, from his grandfather Ahmad, from his father Muhammad Bin Khalid,
‘Raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Kings of the whole earth are four – two Momins and two Kafirs. As for the two Momins, it is Suleyman Ibn Dawood-as and Zulqarnayn; and the two Kafirs are Nimrod-la and Bakht Nasr; and the name of Zulqarnayn is Abdullah Bin Zahak Bin Ma’ad’’.[11]
11- ع، علل الشرائع الْمُفِيدُ عَنِ ابْنِ قُولَوَيْهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: أَوَّلُ اثْنَيْنِ تَصَافَحَا عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْخَلِيلُ اسْتَقْبَلَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ فَصَافَحَهُ وَ أَوَّلُ شَجَرَةٍ نَبَتَتْ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ النَّخْلَةُ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Al Mufeed, from Ibn Qawlawiya, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman, from Al Sumaly,
‘From Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘The first two to shake hands upon the surface of the earth are Zulqarnayn and Ibrahim-as the Friend (of the Beneficent). Ibrahim-as welcomed him and shook his hand; and the first tree planted upon the surface of the earth is the date tree.[12]
12- ير، بصائر الدرجات أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ وَ أَبِي سَلَّامٍ عَنْ سَوْرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ قَدْ خُيِّرَ السَّحَابَيْنِ وَ اخْتَارَ الذَّلُولَ وَ ذَخَرَ لِصَاحِبِكُمُ الصَّعْبَ
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Sinan, from Abu Khalid and Abu Salam, from Sowra,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Zulqarnayn had the choice of the two clouds, and he chose the docile, and the difficult one was Reserved for your Master-azwj’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ مَا الصَّعْبُ قَالَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ سَحَابٍ فِيهِ رَعْدٌ وَ صَاعِقَةٌ أَوْ بَرْقٌ فَصَاحِبُكُمْ يَرْكَبُهُ أَمَا إِنَّهُ سَيَرْكَبُ السَّحَابَ وَ يَرْقَى فِي الْأَسْبَابِ أَسْبَابِ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَ الْأَرَضِينَ السَّبْعِ خَمْسٌ عَوَامِرُ وَ اثْنَتَانِ خَرَابَانِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘And what is the ‘difficult’?’ He-asws said: ‘Whatever was from a cloud wherein is thunder and thunderbolt or lightning. Your Master (Al-Qaim-asws) will ride it. But, he-asws will be riding the cloud and elevate in the causes, causes of the seven skies and the seven firmaments – five are inhabited, and four are desolate’’.[13]
13- ير، بصائر الدرجات مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ أَبِي يَحْيَى قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَيَّرَ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ السَّحَابَيْنِ الذَّلُولَ وَ الصَّعْبَ فَاخْتَارَ الذَّلُولَ وَ هُوَ مَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ بَرْقٌ وَ لَا رَعْدٌ وَ لَوِ اخْتَارَ الصَّعْبَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ ادَّخَرَهُ لِلْقَائِمِ ع
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Muhammad Bin Haroun, from Sahl Bin Ziyad Abu Yahya who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Gave Zulqarnayn a choice of the two clouds, the docile and the difficult. He chose the docile, and it is what there isn’t any lightning in it nor any thunder, and had he chosen the difficult one, that would not have been for him, because Allah-azwj has Reserved it for Al-Qaim-asws’’.[14]
14- سن، المحاسن ابْنُ يَزِيدَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي سَمَّاكٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ مَطْلِعَ الشَّمْسِ وَجَدَها تَطْلُعُ عَلى قَوْمٍ لَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِها سِتْراً قَالَ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا صَنْعَةَ الْبِنَاءِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ibn Yazeed, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Samak, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: Until when he reached the emergence of the sun, and found it emerging upon a people for whom We had not Made a shelter from below it [18:90]. He-asws said: ‘They did not know making the buildings’’.[15]
15- ك، إكمال الدين الطَّالَقَانِيُّ عَنِ الْجَلُودِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ كَانَ قَارِئاً لِلْكُتُبِ قَالَ قَرَأْتُ فِي بَعْضِ كُتُبِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ كَانَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّةِ وَ أُمُّهُ عَجُوزٌ مِنْ عَجَائِزِهِمْ لَيْسَ لَهَا وَلَدٌ غَيْرُهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ إِسْكَنْدَرُوسُ وَ كَانَ لَهُ أَدَبٌ وَ خُلُقٌ وَ عِفَّةٌ مِنْ وَقْتِ مَا كَانَ فِيهِ غُلَاماً إِلَى أَنْ بَلَغَ رَجُلًا وَ كَانَ رَأَى فِي الْمَنَامِ كَأَنَّهُ دَنَا مِنَ الشَّمْسِ حَتَّى أَخَذَ بِقَرْنَيْهَا شَرْقِهَا وَ غَرْبِهَا فَلَمَّا قَصَّ رُؤْيَاهُ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ سَمَّوْهُ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى هَذِهِ الرُّؤْيَا بَعُدَتْ هِمَّتُهُ وَ عَلَا صَوْتُهُ وَ عَزَّ فِي قَوْمِهِ وَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَا أَجْمَعَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرَهُ أَنْ قَالَ أَسْلَمْتُ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثُمَّ دَعَا قَوْمَهُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَأَسْلَمُوا هَيْبَةً لَهُ ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَبْنُوا لَهُ مَسْجِداً فَأَجَابُوهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُجْعَلَ طُولُهُ أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ ذِرَاعٍ وَ عَرْضُهُ مِائَتَيْ ذِرَاعٍ وَ عَرْضُ حَائِطِهِ اثْنَيْنِ وَ عِشْرِينَ ذِرَاعاً وَ عُلُوُّهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ مِائَةَ ذِرَاعٍ فَقَالُوا لَهُ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ كَيْفَ لَكَ بِخَشَبٍ يَبْلُغُ مَا بَيْنَ الْحَائِطَيْنِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِذَا فَرَغْتُمْ مِنْ بُنْيَانِ الْحَائِطَيْنِ فَاكْبِسُوهُ بِالتُّرَابِ حَتَّى يَسْتَوِيَ الْكَبْسُ مَعَ حِيطَانِ الْمَسْجِدِ فَإِذَا فَرَغْتُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَرَضْتُمْ عَلَى كُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى قَدْرِهِ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَ الْفِضَّةِ ثُمَّ قَطَعْتُمُوهُ مِثْلَ قُلَامَةِ الظُّفُرِ وَ خَلَطْتُمُوهُ مَعَ ذَلِكَ الْكَبْسِ وَ عَمِلْتُمْ لَهُ خَشَباً مِنْ نُحَاسٍ وَ صَفَائِحَ تُذِيبُونَ ذَلِكَ وَ أَنْتُمْ مُتَمَكِّنُونَ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ عَلَى أَرْضٍ مُسْتَوِيَةٍ فَإِذَا فَرَغْتُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ دَعَوْتُمُ الْمَسَاكِينَ لِنَقْلِ ذَلِكَ التُّرَابِ فَيُسَارِعُونَ فِيهِ مِنْ أَجْلِ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَ الْفِضَّةِ فَبَنَوُا الْمَسْجِدَ وَ أَخْرَجَ الْمَسَاكِينُ ذَلِكَ التُّرَابَ وَ قَدِ اسْتَقَلَ السَّقْفُ بِمَا فِيهِ وَ اسْتَغْنَى الْمَسَاكِينُ فَجَنَّدَهُمْ أَرْبَعَةَ أَجْنَادٍ فِي كُلِّ جُنْدٍ عَشْرَةُ آلَافٍ ثُمَّ نَشَرَهُمْ فِي الْبِلَادِ وَ حَدَّثَ نَفْسَهُ بِالسَّيْرِ فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ قَوْمُهُ فَقَالُوا لَهُ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ نَنْشُدُكَ بِاللَّهِ لَا تُؤْثِرْ عَلَيْنَا بِنَفْسِكَ غَيْرَنَا فَنَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِرُؤْيَتِكَ وَ فِينَا كَانَ مَسْقَطُ رَأْسِكَ وَ بَيْنَنَا نَشَأْتَ وَ رُبِّيتَ وَ هَذِهِ أَمْوَالُنَا وَ أَنْفُسُنَا وَ أَنْتَ الْحَاكِمُ فِيهَا وَ هَذِهِ أُمُّكَ عَجُوزٌ كَبِيرَةٌ وَ هِيَ أَعْظَمُ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكَ حَقّاً فَلَيْسَ يَنْبَغِي عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَعْصِيَهَا وَ لَا تُخَالِفَهَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْقَوْلَ لَقَوْلُكُمْ وَ إِنَّ الرَّأْيَ لَرَأْيُكُمْ وَ لَكِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمَأْخُوذِ بِقَلْبِهِ وَ سَمْعِهِ وَ بَصَرِهِ يُقَادُ وَ يُدْفَعُ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ لَا يَدْرِي أَيْنَ يُؤْخَذُ بِهِ وَ لَا مَا يُرَادُ بِهِ وَ لَكِنْ هَلُمُّوا مَعْشَرَ قَوْمِي فَادْخُلُوا هَذَا الْمَسْجِدَ وَ أَسْلِمُوا عَنْ آخِرِكُمْ وَ لَا تُخَالِفُوا عَلَيَّ فَتَهْلِكُوا ثُمَّ دَعَا دِهْقَانَ الْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ اعْمُرْ مَسْجِدِي وَ عَزِّ عَنِّي أُمِّي فَلَمَّا رَأَى الدِّهْقَانُ جَزَعَ أُمِّهِ وَ طُولَ بُكَائِهَا احْتَالَ لِيُعَزِّيَهَا بِمَا أَصَابَ النَّاسَ قَبْلَهَا وَ بَعْدَهَا مِنَ الْمَصَائِبِ وَ الْبَلَاءِ فَصَنَعَ عِيداً عَظِيماً ثُمَّ أَذَّنَ مُؤَذِّنُهُ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ الدِّهْقَانَ يُؤْذِنُكُمْ أَنْ تَحْضُرُوا يَوْمَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَلَمَّا كَانَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ أَذَّنَ مُؤَذِّنُهُ أَسْرِعُوا وَ احْذَرُوا أَنْ يَحْضُرَ هَذَا الْعِيدَ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ قَدْ عَرِيَ مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ وَ الْمَصَائِبِ فَاحْتُبِسَ النَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ وَ قَالُوا لَيْسَ فِينَا أَحَدٌ عَرِيَ مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ وَ الْمَصَائِبِ مَا مِنَّا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ أُصِيبَتْ بِبَلَاءٍ أَوْ بِمَوْتِ حَمِيمٍ فَسَمِعَتْ أُمُّ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَأَعْجَبَهَا وَ لَمْ تَدْرِ مَا أَرَادَ الدِّهْقَانُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الدِّهْقَانَ بَعَثَ مُنَادِياً يُنَادِي فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ الدِّهْقَانَ قَدْ أَمَرَكُمْ أَنْ تَحْضُرُوا يَوْمَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ لَا يَحْضُرَ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ قَدِ ابْتُلِيَ وَ أُصِيبَ وَ فُجِعَ وَ لَا يَحْضُرَهُ أَحَدٌ عَرِيَ مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا خَيْرَ فِيمَنْ لَا يُصِيبُهُ الْبَلَاءُ فَلَمَّا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ النَّاسُ هَذَا رَجُلٌ قَدْ بَخِلَ ثُمَّ نَدِمَ وَ اسْتَحْيَا فَتَدَارَكَ أَمْرَهُ وَ مَحَا عَيْبَهُ فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعُوا خَطَبَهُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنِّي لَمْ أَجْمَعْكُمْ لِمَا دَعَوْتُكُمْ لَهُ وَ لَكِنِّي جَمَعْتُكُمْ لِأُكَلِّمَكُمْ فِي ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ فِيمَا فُجِعْنَا بِهِ مِنْ فَقْدِهِ وَ فِرَاقِهِ فَاذْكُرُوا آدَمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَهُ بِيَدِهِ وَ نَفَخَ فِيهِ مِنْ رُوحِهِ وَ أَسْجَدَ لَهُ مَلَائِكَتَهُ وَ أَسْكَنَهُ جَنَّتَهُ وَ أَكْرَمَهُ بِكَرَامَةٍ لَمْ يُكْرِمْ بِهَا أَحَداً ثُمَّ ابْتَلَاهُ بِأَعْظَمِ بَلِيَّةٍ كَانَتْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ ذَلِكَ الْخُرُوجُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ هِيَ الْمُصِيبَةُ الَّتِي لَا جَبْرَ لَهَا ثُمَّ ابْتَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ بِالْحَرِيقِ وَ ابْتَلَى ابْنَهُ بِالذَّبْحِ وَ يَعْقُوبَ بِالْحُزْنِ وَ الْبُكَاءِ وَ يُوسُفَ بِالرِّقِّ وَ أَيُّوبَ بِالسُّقْمِ وَ يَحْيَى بِالذَّبْحِ وَ زَكَرِيَّا بِالْقَتْلِ وَ عِيسَى بِالْأَسْرِ وَ خَلْقاً مِنْ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ كَثِيراً لَا يُحْصِيهِمْ إِلَّا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ هَذَا الْكَلَامِ قَالَ لَهُمْ انْطَلِقُوا وَ عَزُّوا أُمَّ الْإِسْكَنْدَرُوسِ لِنَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ صَبْرُهَا فَإِنَّهَا أَعْظَمُ مُصِيبَةً فِي ابْنِهَا فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا عَلَيْهَا قَالُوا لَهَا هَلْ حَضَرْتِ الْجَمْعَ الْيَوْمَ وَ سَمِعْتِ الْكَلَامَ قَالَتْ لَهُمْ مَا غَابَ عَنِّي مِنْ أَمْرِكُمْ شَيْءٌ وَ لَا سَقَطَ عَنِّي مِنْ كَلَامِكُمْ شَيْءٌ وَ مَا كَانَ فِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ أَعْظَمَ مُصِيبَةً بِالْإِسْكَنْدَرُوسِ مِنِّي وَ لَقَدْ صَبَّرَنِيَ اللَّهُ وَ أَرْضَانِي وَ رَبَطَ عَلَى قَلْبِي وَ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ أَجْرِي عَلَى قَدْرِ ذَلِكَ وَ أَرْجُو لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ بِقَدْرِ مَا رُزِيتُمْ بِهِ مِنْ فَقْدِ أَخِيكُمْ وَ أَنْ تُؤْجَرُوا عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا نَوَيْتُمْ فِي أُمِّهِ وَ أَرْجُو أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لِي وَ لَكُمْ وَ يَرْحَمَنِي وَ إِيَّاكُمْ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا حُسْنَ عَزَائِهَا وَ صَبْرَهَا انْصَرَفُوا عَنْهَا وَ تَرَكُوهَا وَ انْطَلَقَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ يَسِيرُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ حَتَّى أَمْعَنَ فِي الْبِلَادِ يَؤُمُّ الْمَغْرِبَ وَ جُنُودُهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْمَسَاكِينُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ إِلَيْهِ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَنْتَ حُجَّتِي عَلَى جَمِيعِ الْخَلَائِقِ مَا بَيْنَ الْخَافِقَيْنِ مِنْ مَطْلِعِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَى مَغْرِبِهَا وَ حُجَّتِي عَلَيْهِمْ وَ هَذَا تَأْوِيلُ رُؤْيَاكَ فَقَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِلَهِي إِنَّكَ نَدَبْتَنِي لِأَمْرٍ عَظِيمٍ لَا يُقَدِّرُ قَدْرَهُ غَيْرُكَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ بِأَيَّةِ قَوْمٍ أُكَاثرُهُمْ وَ بِأَيِّ عَدَدٍ أَغْلِبُهُمْ وَ بِأَيَّةِ حِيلَةٍ أَكِيدُهُمْ وَ بِأَيِّ صَبْرٍ أُقَاسِيهِمْ وَ بِأَيِّ لِسَانٍ أُكَلِّمُهُمْ وَ كَيْفَ لِي بِأَنْ أَعْرِفَ لُغَاتِهِمْ وَ بِأَيِّ سَمْعٍ أَعِي قَوْلَهُمْ وَ بِأَيِّ بَصَرٍ أَنْفُذُهُمْ وَ بِأَيَّةِ حُجَّةٍ أُخَاصِمُهُمْ وَ بِأَيِّ قَلْبٍ أَغْفُلُ عَنْهُمْ وَ بِأَيَّةِ حِكْمَةٍ أُدَبِّرُ أُمُورَهُمْ وَ بِأَيِّ حِلْمٍ أُصَابِرُهُمْ وَ بِأَيِّ قِسْطٍ أَعْدِلُ فِيهِمْ وَ بِأَيَّةِ مَعْرِفَةٍ أَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بِأَيِّ عِلْمٍ أُتْقِنُ أُمُورَهُمْ وَ بِأَيِّ عَقْلٍ أُحْصِيهِمْ وَ بِأَيِّ جُنْدٍ أُقَاتِلُهُمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي مِمَّا ذَكَرْتُ شَيْءٌ يَا رَبِّ فَقَوِّنِي عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِنَّكَ الرَّبُّ الرَّحِيمُ لَا تُكَلِّفُ نَفْساً إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا وَ لَا تَحْمِلُهَا إِلَّا طَاقَتَهَا فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنِّي سَأُطَوِّقُكَ مَا حَمَّلْتُكَ وَ أَشْرَحُ لَكَ صَدْرَكَ فَتَسْمَعُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَ أَشْرَحُ لَكَ فَهْمَكَ فَتَفْقَهُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَ أُطْلِقُ لِسَانَكَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَ أُحْصِي لَكَ فَلَا يَفُوتُكَ شَيْءٌ وَ أَحْفَظُ عَلَيْكَ فَلَا يَعْزُبُ عَنْكَ شَيْءٌ وَ أَشُدُّ ظَهْرَكَ فَلَا يَهُولُكَ شَيْءٌ وَ أُلْبِسُكَ الْهَيْبَةَ فَلَا يُرَوِّعُكَ شَيْءٌ وَ أُسَدِّدُ لَكَ رَأْيَكَ فَتُصِيبُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَ أُسَخِّرُ لَكَ جَسَدَكَ فَتُحِسُّ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَ أُسَخِّرُ لَكَ النُّورَ وَ الظُّلْمَةَ وَ أَجْعَلُهُمَا جُنْدَيْنِ مِنْ جُنْدِكَ النُّورُ يَهْدِيكَ وَ الظُّلْمَةُ تَحُوطُكَ وَ تَحُوشُ عَلَيْكَ الْأُمَمَ مِنْ وَرَائِكَ فَانْطَلَقَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ بِرِسَالَةِ رَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَيَّدَهُ اللَّهُ بِمَا وَعَدَهُ فَمَرَّ بِمَغْرِبِ الشَّمْسِ فَلَا يَمُرُّ بِأُمَّةٍ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ إِلَّا دَعَاهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِنْ أَجَابُوهُ قَبِلَ مِنْهُمْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُجِيبُوهُ أَغْشَاهُمُ الظُّلْمَةَ فَأَظْلَمَتْ مَدَائِنُهُمْ وَ قُرَاهُمْ وَ حُصُونُهُمْ وَ بُيُوتُهُمْ وَ مَنَازِلُهُمْ وَ أَغْشَتْ أَبْصَارَهُمْ وَ دَخَلَتْ فِي أَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَ آنَافِهِمْ وَ أَجْوَافِهِمْ فَلَا يَزَالُوا فِيهَا مُتَحَيِّرِينَ حَتَّى يَسْتَجِيبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ يَعِجُّوا إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى إِذا بَلَغَ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ وَجَدَ عِنْدَهَا الْأُمَّةَ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ فَفَعَلَ بِهِمْ مَا كَانَ فَعَلَهُ بِمَنْ مَرَّ بِهِ قَبْلَهُمْ حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِمَّا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ وَجَدَ جَمْعاً وَ عَدَداً لَا يُحْصِيهِ إِلَّا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ قُوَّةً وَ بَأْساً لَا يُطِيقُهُ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَلْسِنَةً مُخْتَلِفَةً وَ أَهْوَاءً مُتَشَتِّتَةً وَ قُلُوباً مُتَفَرِّقَةً ثُمَّ مَشَى عَلَى الظُّلْمَةِ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ ثَمَانَ لَيَالٍ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ يَنْظُرُونَهُ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى الْجَبَلِ الَّذِي هُوَ مُحِيطٌ بِالْأَرْضِ كُلِّهَا فَإِذَا بِمَلَكٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ قَابِضٍ عَلَى الْجَبَلِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ سُبْحَانَ رَبِّي مِنَ الْآنَ إِلَى مُنْتَهَى الدَّهْرِ سُبْحَانَ رَبِّي مِنْ أَوَّلِ الدُّنْيَا إِلَى آخِرِهَا سُبْحَانَ رَبِّي مِنْ مَوْضِعِ كَفِّي إِلَى عَرْشِ رَبِّي سُبْحَانَ رَبِّي مِنْ مُنْتَهَى الظُّلْمَةِ إِلَى النُّورِ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ خَرَّ سَاجِداً فَلَمْ يَرْفَعْ رَأْسَهُ حَتَّى قَوَّاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَعَانَهُ عَلَى النَّظَرِ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْمَلَكِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ كَيْفَ قَوِيتَ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ عَلَى أَنْ تَبْلُغَ إِلَى هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ وَ لَمْ يَبْلُغْهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ وُلْدِ آدَمَ قَبْلَكَ قَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ قَوَّانِي عَلَى ذَلِكَ الَّذِي قَوَّاكَ عَلَى قَبْضِ هَذَا الْجَبَلِ- وَ هُوَ مُحِيطٌ بِالْأَرْضِ كُلِّهَا قَالَ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ صَدَقْتَ وَ لَوْ لَا هَذَا الْجَبَلُ لَانْكَفَأَتِ الْأَرْضُ بِأَهْلِهَا وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ جَبَلٌ أَعْظَمَ مِنْهُ وَ هُوَ أَوَّلُ جَبَلٍ أَسَّسَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَرَأْسُهُ مُلْصَقٌ بِالسَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا وَ أَسْفَلُهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ السَّابِعَةِ السُّفْلَى وَ هُوَ مُحِيطٌ بِهَا كَالْحَلْقَةِ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ مَدِينَةٌ إِلَّا وَ لَهَا عِرْقٌ إِلَى هَذَا الْجَبَلِ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُزَلْزِلَ مَدِينَةً فَأَوْحَى إِلَيَّ فَحَرَّكْتُ الْعِرْقَ الَّذِي يَلِيهَا فَزَلْزَلْتُهَا فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ الرُّجُوعَ قَالَ لِلْمَلَكِ أَوْصِنِي قَالَ الْمَلَكُ لَا يَهُمَّنَّكَ رِزْقُ غَدٍ وَ لَا تُؤَخِّرْ عَمَلَ الْيَوْمِ لِغَدٍ وَ لَا تَحْزَنْ عَلَى مَا فَاتَكَ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِالرِّفْقِ وَ لَا تَكُنْ جَبَّاراً مُتَكَبِّراً ثُمَّ إِنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ رَجَعَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ ثُمَّ عَطَفَ بِهِمْ نَحْوَ الْمَشْرِقِ يَسْتَقْرِي مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ فَيَفْعَلُ بِهِمْ مَا فَعَلَ بِأُمَمِ الْمَغْرِبِ قَبْلَهُمْ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ عَطَفَ نَحْوَ الرُّومِ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِأُمَّةٍ لا يَكادُونَ يَفْقَهُونَ قَوْلًا وَ إِذَا مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الرُّومِ مَشْحُونٌ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا يَأْجُوجُ وَ مَأْجُوجُ أَشْبَاهُ الْبَهَائِمِ يَأْكُلُونَ وَ يَشْرَبُونَ وَ يَتَوَالَدُونَ هُمْ ذُكُورٌ وَ إِنَاثٌ وَ فِيهِمْ مَشَابِهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ الْوُجُوهُ وَ الْأَجْسَادُ وَ الْخِلْقَةُ وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ قَدْ نُقِصُوا فِي الْأَبْدَانِ نَقْصاً شَدِيداً وَ هُمْ فِي طُولِ الْغِلْمَانِ لَيْسَ مِنْهُمْ أُنْثَى وَ لَا ذَكَرٌ يُجَاوِزُ طُولُهُ خَمْسَةَ أَشْبَارٍ وَ هُمْ عَلَى مِقْدَارٍ وَاحِدٍ فِي الْخَلْقِ وَ الصُّوَرِ عُرَاةٌ حُفَاةٌ لَا يَغْزِلُونَ وَ لَا يَلْبَسُونَ وَ لَا يَحْتَذُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَبَرٌ كَوَبَرِ الْإِبِلِ يُوَارِيهِمْ وَ يَسْتُرُهُمْ مِنَ الْحَرِّ وَ الْبَرْدِ وَ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ أُذُنَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا ذَاتُ شَعَرٍ وَ الْأُخْرَى ذَاتُ وَبَرٍ ظَاهِرُهُمَا وَ بَاطِنُهُمَا وَ لَهُمْ مَخَالِبُ فِي مَوْضِعِ الْأَظْفَارِ وَ أَضْرَاسٌ وَ أَنْيَابٌ كَأَضْرَاسِ السِّبَاعِ وَ أَنْيَابِهَا وَ إِذَا نَامَ أَحَدُهُمْ افْتَرَشَ إِحْدَى أُذُنَيْهِ وَ الْتَحَفَ الْأُخْرَى فَتَسَعُهُ لِحَافاً وَ هُمْ يُرْزَقُونَ تِنِّينَ الْبَحْرِ[16] كُلَّ عَامٍ يَقْذِفُهُ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّحَابُ فَيَعِيشُونَ بِهِ عَيْشاً خِصْباً وَ يَصْلُحُونَ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَسْتَمْطِرُونَهُ فِي إِبَّانِهِ كَمَا يَسْتَمْطِرُ النَّاسُ الْمَطَرَ فِي إِبَّانِ الْمَطَرِ فَإِذَا قُذِفُوا بِهِ أَخْصَبُوا وَ سَمِنُوا وَ تَوَالَدُوا وَ كَثُرُوا فَأَكَلُوا مِنْهُ حَوْلًا كَامِلًا إِلَى مِثْلِهِ مِنَ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ وَ لَا يَأْكُلُونَ مَعَهُ شَيْئاً غَيْرَهُ وَ هُمْ لَا يُحْصِي عَدَدَهُمْ إِلَّا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِي خَلَقَهُمْ وَ إِذَا أَخْطَأَهُمُ التِّنِّينُ قُحِطُوا وَ أُجْدِبُوا وَ جَاعُوا وَ انْقَطَعَ النَّسْلُ وَ الْوَلَدُ وَ هُمْ يَتَسَافَدُونَ- كَمَا تَتَسَافَدُ الْبَهَائِمُ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الطَّرِيقِ وَ حَيْثُ مَا الْتَقَوْا فَإِذَا أَخْطَأَهُمُ التِّنِّينُ جَاعُوا وَ سَاحُوا فِي الْبِلَادِ فَلَا يَدَعُونَ شَيْئاً أَتَوْا عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَفْسَدُوهُ وَ أَكَلُوهُ فَهُمْ أَشَدُّ فَسَاداً فِيمَا أَتَوْا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ مِنَ الْجَرَادِ وَ الْبَرَدِ وَ الْآفَاتِ كُلِّهَا وَ إِذَا أَقْبَلُوا مِنْ أَرْضٍ إِلَى أَرْضٍ جَلَا أَهْلُهَا عَنْهَا وَ خَلَّوْهَا وَ لَيْسَ يُغْلَبُونَ وَ لَا يُدْفَعُونَ حَتَّى لَا يَجِدُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ مَوْضِعاً لِقَدَمِهِ وَ لَا يَخْلُو لِلْإِنْسَانِ قَدْرُ مَجْلِسِهِ وَ لَا يَدْرِي أَحَدٌ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ كَمْ مِنْ أَوَّلِهِمْ إِلَى آخِرِهِمْ وَ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ شَيْءٌ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ لَا يَدْنُوَ مِنْهُمْ نَجَاسَةً وَ قَذَراً وَ سُوءَ حِلْيَةٍ فَبِهَذَا غَلَبُوا وَ لَهُمْ حِسٌّ وَ حَنِيْنٌ إِذَا أَقْبَلُوا إِلَى الْأَرْضِ يُسْمَعُ حِسُّهُمْ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ مِائَةِ فَرْسَخٍ لِكَثْرَتِهِمْ كَمَا يُسْمَعُ حِسُّ الرِّيحِ الْبَعِيدَةِ أَوْ حِسُّ الْمَطَرِ الْبَعِيدِ وَ لَهُمْ هَمْهَمَةٌ إِذَا وَقَعُوا فِي الْبِلَادِ كَهَمْهَمَةِ النَّحْلِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ أَشَدُّ وَ أَعْلَى صَوْتاً يَمْلَأُ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى لَا يَكَادُ أَحَدٌ يَسْمَعُ مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ الْهَمْهَمَةِ شَيْئاً وَ إِذَا أَقْبَلُوا إِلَى الْأَرْضِ حَاشُوا وُحُوشَهَا وَ سِبَاعَهَا حَتَّى لَا يَبْقَى فِيهَا شَيْءٌ مِنْهَا وَ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّهُمْ يَمْلَئُونَ مَا بَيْنَ أَقْطَارِهَا وَ لَا يَتَخَلَّفُ وَرَاءَهُمْ مِنْ سَاكِنِ الْأَرْضِ شَيْءٌ فِيهِ رُوحٌ إِلَّا اجْتَلَبُوهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّهُمْ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَ أَمْرُهُمْ عَجَبٌ مِنَ الْعَجَبِ وَ لَيْسَ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ عَرَفَ مَتَى يَمُوتُ وَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّهُ لَا يَمُوتُ مِنْهُمْ ذَكَرٌ حَتَّى يُولَدَ لَهُ أَلْفُ وَلَدٍ وَ لَا يَمُوتُ مِنْهُمْ أُنْثَى حَتَّى تَلِدَ أَلْفَ وَلَدٍ فَبِذَلِكَ عَرَفُوا آجَالَهُمْ فَإِذَا وَلَدُوا الْأَلْفَ بَرَزُوا لِلْمَوْتِ وَ تَرَكُوا طَلَبَ مَا كَانُوا فِيهِ مِنَ الْمَعِيشَةِ وَ الْحَيَاةِ فَتِلْكَ قِصَّتُهُمْ مِنْ يَوْمٍ خَلَقَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى يَوْمِ يُفْنِيهِمْ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ أَجْفَلُو فِي زَمَانِ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ يَدُورُونَ أَرْضاً أَرْضاً مِنَ الْأَرَضِينَ وَ أُمَّةً أُمَّةً مِنَ الْأُمَمِ وَ هُمْ إِذَا تَوَجَّهُوا الْوَجْهَ لَمْ يَعْدِلُوا عَنْهُ أَبَداً وَ لَا يَنْصَرِفُوا يَمِيناً وَ شِمَالًا وَ لَا يَلْتَفِتُوا فَلَمَّا أَحَسَّتْ تِلْكَ الْأُمَمُ بِهِمْ وَ سَمِعُوا هَمْهَمَتَهُمْ اسْتَغَاثُوا بِذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ يَوْمَئِذٍ نَازِلٌ فِي نَاحِيَتِهِمْ وَ اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنَا مَا آتَاكَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْمُلْكِ وَ السُّلْطَانِ وَ مَا أَلْبَسَكَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْهَيْبَةِ وَ مَا أَيَّدَكَ بِهِ مِنْ جُنُودِ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ وَ مِنَ النُّورِ وَ الظُّلْمَةِ وَ إِنَّا جِيرَانُ يَأْجُوجَ وَ مَأْجُوجَ وَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمْ سِوَى هَذِهِ الْجِبَالِ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ إِلَيْنَا طَرِيقٌ إِلَّا مِنْ هَذَيْنِ الصَّدَفَيْنِ لَوْ مَالُوا عَلَيْنَا أَجْلَوْنَا مِنْ بِلَادِنَا لِكَثْرَتِهِمْ حَتَّى لَا يَكُونُ لَنَا فِيهَا قَرَارٌ وَ هُمْ خَلْقٌ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ كَثِيرٌ فِيهِمْ مَشَابِهُ مِنَ الْإِنْسِ وَ هُمْ أَشْبَاهُ الْبَهَائِمِ يَأْكُلُونَ الْعُشْبَ وَ يَفْرِسُونَ الدَّوَابَّ وَ الْوُحُوشَ كَمَا تَفْتَرِسُهَا السِّبَاعُ وَ يَأْكُلُونَ حَشَرَاتِ الْأَرْضِ كُلَّهَا مِنَ الْحَيَّاتِ وَ الْعَقَارِبِ وَ كُلَّ ذِي رُوحٍ مِمَّا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَيْسَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلْقٌ يَنْمُو نِمَاهُمْ وَ زِيَادَتَهُمْ وَ لَا نَشُكُّ أَنَّهُمْ يَمْلَئُونَ الْأَرْضَ وَ يُجْلُونَ أَهْلَهَا مِنْهَا وَ يُفْسِدُونَ وَ نَحْنُ نَخْشَى كُلَّ وَقْتٍ أَنْ يَطْلُعَ عَلَيْنَا أَوَائِلُهُمْ مِنْ هَذَيْنِ الْجَبَلَيْنِ وَ قَدْ آتَاكَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْحِيلَةِ وَ الْقُوَّةِ مَا لَمْ يُؤْتِ أَحَداً مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ فَهَلْ نَجْعَلُ لَكَ خَرْجاً عَلى أَنْ تَجْعَلَ بَيْنَنا وَ بَيْنَهُمْ سَدًّا قالَ ما مَكَّنِّي فِيهِ رَبِّي خَيْرٌ فَأَعِينُونِي بِقُوَّةٍ أَجْعَلْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَ بَيْنَهُمْ رَدْماً آتُونِي زُبَرَ الْحَدِيدِ قَالُوا وَ مِنْ أَيْنَ لَنَا مِنَ الْحَدِيدِ وَ النُّحَاسِ مَا يَسَعُ هَذَا الْعَمَلَ الَّذِي تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ قَالَ إِنِّي سَأَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى مَعْدِنِ الْحَدِيدِ وَ النُّحَاسِ فَضَرَبَ لَهُمْ فِي جَبَلَيْنِ حَتَّى فَتَقَهُمَا وَ اسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُمَا مَعْدِنَيْنِ مِنَ الْحَدِيدِ وَ النُّحَاسِ قَالُوا بِأَيِّ قُوَّةٍ نَقْطَعُ الْحَدِيدَ وَ النُّحَاسَ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ لَهُمْ مَعْدِناً آخَرَ مِنْ تَحْتِ الْأَرْضِ يُقَالُ لَهُ السَّامُورُ وَ هُوَ أَشَدُّ شَيْءٍّ بَيَاضاً وَ لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ مِنْهُ يُوضَعُ عَلَى شَيْءٍ إِلَّا ذَابَ تَحْتَهُ فَصَنَعَ لَهُمْ مِنْهُ أَدَاةً يَعْمَلُونَ بِهَا وَ بِهِ قَطَعَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع أَسَاطِينَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ وَ صُخُورَهُ جَاءَتْ بِهِ الشَّيَاطِينُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْمَعَادِنِ فَجَمَعُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا اكْتَفَوْا بِهِ فَأَوْقَدُوا عَلَى الْحَدِيدِ حَتَّى صَنَعُوا مِنْهُ زُبَراً مِثْلَ الصُّخُورِ فَجَعَلَ حِجَارَتَهُ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ ثُمَّ أَذَابَ النُّحَاسَ فَجَعَلَهُ كَالطِّينِ لِتِلْكَ الْحِجَارَةِ ثُمَّ بَنَى وَ قَاسَ مَا بَيْنَ الصَّدَفَيْنِ فَوَجَدَهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَمْيَالٍ فَحَفَرَ لَهُ أَسَاساً حَتَّى كَادَ يَبْلُغُ الْمَاءَ وَ جَعَلَ عَرْضَهُ مِيلًا وَ جَعَلَ حَشْوَهُ زُبَرَ الْحَدِيدِ وَ أَذَابَ النُّحَاسَ فَجَعَلَهُ خِلَالَ الْحَدِيدِ فَجَعَلَ طَبَقَةً مِنْ نُحَاسٍ وَ أُخْرَى مِنْ حَدِيدٍ حَتَّى سَاوَى الرَّدْمَ بِطُولِ الصَّدَفَيْنِ فَصَارَ كَأَنَّهُ بُرْدُ حِبَرَةٍ مِنْ صُفْرَةِ النُّحَاسِ وَ حُمْرَتِهِ وَ سَوَادِ الْحَدِيدِ فَيَأْجُوجُ وَ مَأْجُوجُ يَنْتَابُونَهُ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ مَرَّةً وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمْ يَسِيحُونَ فِي بِلَادِهِمْ حَتَّى إِذَا وَقَعُوا إِلَى الرَّدْمِ حَبَسَهُمْ فَرَجَعُوا يَسِيحُونَ فِي بِلَادِهِمْ فَلَا يَزَالُونَ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَقْرُبَ السَّاعَةُ وَ يَجِيءَ أَشْرَاطُهَا فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَشْرَاطُهَا وَ هُوَ قِيَامُ الْقَائِمِ عَجَّلَ اللَّهُ فَرَجَهُ فَتَحَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُمْ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ حَتَّى إِذا فُتِحَتْ يَأْجُوجُ وَ مَأْجُوجُ وَ هُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ حَدَبٍ يَنْسِلُونَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ مِنْ عَمَلِ السَّدِّ انْطَلَقَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يَسِيرُ وَ جُنُودَهُ إِذْ مَرَّ عَلَى شَخْصٍ يُصَلِّي فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى انْصَرَفَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ كَيْفَ لَمْ يَرُعْكَ مَا حَضَرَكَ مِنَ الْجُنُودِ قَالَ كُنْتُ أُنَاجِي مَنْ هُوَ أَكْثَرُ جُنُوداً مِنْكَ وَ أَعَزُّ سُلْطَاناً وَ أَشَدُّ قُوَّةً وَ لَوْ صَرَفْتُ وَجْهِي إِلَيْكَ لَمْ أُدْرِكْ حَاجَتِي قِبَلَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تَنْطَلِقَ مَعِي فَأُوَاسِيَكَ بِنَفْسِي وَ أَسْتَعِينَ بِكَ عَلَى بَعْضِ أُمُورِي قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنْ ضَمِنْتَ لِي أَرْبَعَ خِصَالٍ نَعِيماً لَا يَزُولُ وَ صِحَّةً لَا سُقْمَ فِيهَا وَ شَبَاباً لَا هَرَمَ مَعَهُ وَ حَيَاةً لَا مَوْتَ مَعَهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ أَيُّ مَخْلُوقٍ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْخِصَالِ قَالَ فَإِنِّي مَعَ مَنْ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْخِصَالِ وَ يَمْلِكُهَا وَ إِيَّاكَ ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِرَجُلٍ عَالِمٍ فَقَالَ لِذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ شَيْئَيْنِ مُنْذُ خَلَقَهُمَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَائِمَيْنِ وَ عَنْ شَيْئَيْنِ جَارِيَيْنِ وَ شَيْئَيْنِ مُخْتَلِفَيْنِ وَ شَيْئَيْنِ مُتَبَاغِضَيْنِ فَقَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَمَّا الشَّيْئَانِ الْقَائِمَانِ فَالسَّمَاءُ وَ الْأَرْضُ وَ أَمَّا الشَّيْئَانِ الْجَارِيَانِ فَالشَّمْسُ وَ الْقَمَرُ وَ أَمَّا الشَّيْئَانِ الْمُخْتَلِفَانِ فَاللَّيْلُ وَ النَّهَارُ وَ أَمَّا الشَّيْئَانِ الْمُتَبَاغِضَانِ فَالْمَوْتُ وَ الْحَيَاةُ فَقَالَ انْطَلِقْ فَإِنَّكَ عَالِمٌ فَانْطَلَقَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ يَسِيرُ فِي الْبِلَادِ حَتَّى مَرَّ بِشَيْخٍ يُقَلِّبُ جَمَاجِمَ الْمَوْتَى فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ بِجُنُودِهِ فَقَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي أَيُّهَا الشَّيْخُ لِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ تُقَلِّبُ هَذِهِ الْجَمَاجِمَ قَالَ لِأَعْرِفَ الشَّرِيفَ مِنَ الْوَضِيعِ فَمَا عَرَفْتُ وَ إِنِّي لَأُقَلِّبُهَا عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً فَانْطَلَقَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ تَرَكَهُ وَ قَالَ مَا أَرَاكَ عَنَيْتَ بِهَذَا أَحَداً غَيْرِي فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يَسِيرُ إِذْ وَقَعَ إِلَى الْأُمَّةِ الْعَالِمَةِ الَّذِينَ مِنْهُمْ قَوْمُ مُوسَى الَّذِينَ يَهْدُونَ بِالْحَقِّ وَ بِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ فَوَجَدَ أُمَّةً مُقْسِطَةً عَادِلَةً يُقْسِمُونَ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ وَ يَحْكُمُونَ بِالْعَدْلِ وَ يَتَوَاسَوْنَ وَ يَتَرَاحَمُونَ حَالُهُمْ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ كَلِمَتُهُمْ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ قُلُوبُهُمْ مُؤْتَلِفَةٌ وَ طَرِيقَتُهُمْ مُسْتَقِيمَةٌ وَ سِيرَتُهُمْ جَمِيلَةٌ وَ قُبُورُ مَوْتَاهُمْ فِي أَفْنِيَتِهِمْ وَ عَلَى أَبْوَابِ دُورِهِمْ لَيْسَ لِبُيُوتِهِمْ أَبْوَابٌ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ أُمَرَاءُ وَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُمْ قُضَاةٌ وَ لَيْسَ فِيهِمْ أَغْنِيَاءُ وَ لَا مُلُوكٌ وَ لَا أَشْرَافٌ وَ لَا يَتَفَاوَتُونَ وَ لَا يَتَفَاضَلُونَ وَ لَا يَخْتَلِفُونَ وَ لَا يَتَنَازَعُونَ وَ لَا يَسْتَبُّونَ وَ لَا يَقْتَتِلُونَ وَ لَا تُصِيبُهُمُ الْآفَاتُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ مُلِئَ مِنْهُمْ عَجَباً فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَيُّهَا الْقَوْمُ أَخْبِرُونِي خَبَرَكُمْ فَإِنِّي قَدْ دُرْتُ فِي الْأَرْضِ شَرْقَهَا وَ غَرْبَهَا وَ بَرَّهَا وَ بَحْرَهَا وَ سَهْلَهَا وَ جَبَلَهَا وَ نُورَهَا وَ ظُلْمَتَهَا فَلَمْ أَرَ مِثْلَكُمْ فَأَخْبِرُونِي مَا بَالُ قُبُورِكُمْ عَلَى أَبْوَابِ أَفْنِيَتِكُمْ قَالُوا فَعَلْنَا ذَلِكَ عَمْداً لِئَلَّا نَنْسَى الْمَوْتَ وَ لَا يَخْرُجَ ذِكْرُهُ مِنْ قُلُوبِنَا قَالَ فَمَا بَالُ بُيُوتِكُمْ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا أَبْوَابٌ قَالُوا لَيْسَ فِينَا لِصٌّ وَ لَا خَائِنٌ وَ لَيْسَ فِينَا إِلَّا أَمِينٌ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَرَاءُ قَالُوا إِنَّا لَا نَتَظَالَمُ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ حُكَّامٌ قَالُوا إِنَّا لَا نَخْتَصِمُ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَيْسَ فِيكُمْ مُلُوكٌ قَالُوا لِأَنَّا لَا نَتَكَاثَرُ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَيْسَ فِيكُمْ أَشْرَافٌ قَالُوا لِأَنَّا لَا نَتَنَافَسُ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا تَتَفَاضَلُونَ وَ لَا تَتَفَاوَتُونَ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَا مُتَوَاسُونَ مُتَرَاحِمُونَ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا تُنَازِعُونَ وَ لَا تَخْتَصِمُونَ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أُلْفَةِ قُلُوبِنَا وَ صَلَاحِ ذَاتِ بَيْنِنَا قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا تَسْتَبُونَ وَ لَا تَقْتَتِلُونَ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا غَلَبْنَا طَبَائِعَنَا بِالْعَزْمِ وَ سَنَنَّا أَنْفُسَنَا بِالْحِلْمِ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ كَلِمَتُكُمْ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ طَرِيقَتُكُمْ مُسْتَقِيمَةٌ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا لَا نَتَكَاذَبُ وَ لَا نَتَخَادَعُ وَ لَا يَغْتَابُ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضاً قَالَ فَأَخْبِرُونِي لِمَ لَيْسَ فِيكُمْ فَقِيرٌ وَ لَا مِسْكِينٌ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا نَقْسِمُ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَيْسَ فِيكُمْ فَظٌّ وَ لَا غَلِيظٌ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ الذُّلِّ وَ التَّوَاضُعِ قَالَ فَلِمَ جَعَلَكُمُ اللَّهُ أَطْوَلَ النَّاسِ أَعْمَاراً قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا نَتَعَاطَى الْحَقَّ وَ نَحْكُمُ بِالْعَدْلِ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا تُقْحَطُونَ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا لَا نَغْفُلُ عَنِ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا تَحْزَنُونَ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا وَطَّنَّا أَنْفُسَنَا عَلَى الْبَلَاءِ وَ حَرَصْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَعَزَّيْنَا أَنْفُسَنَا قَالَ فَمَا بَالُكُمْ لَا تُصِيبُكُمُ الْآفَاتُ قَالُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا لَا نَتَوَكَّلُ عَلَى غَيْرِ اللَّهِ وَ لَا نَسْتَمْطِرُ بِالْأَنْوَاءِ وَ النُّجُومِ وَ قَالَ حَدِّثُونِي أَيُّهَا الْقَوْمُ أَ هَكَذَا وَجَدْتُمْ آبَاءَكُمْ يَفْعَلُونَ قَالُوا وَجَدْنَا آبَاءَنَا يَرْحَمُونَ مِسْكِينَهُمْ وَ يُوَاسُونَ فَقِيرَهُمْ وَ يَعْفُونَ عَمَّنْ ظَلَمَهُمْ وَ يُحْسِنُونَ إِلَى مَنْ أَسَاءَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِمُسِيئِهِمْ وَ يَصِلُونَ أَرْحَامَهُمْ وَ يُؤَدُّونَ أَمَانَاتِهِمْ وَ يَصْدُقُونَ وَ لَا يَكْذِبُونَ فَأَصْلَحَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُمْ بِذَلِكَ أَمْرَهُمْ فَأَقَامَ عِنْدَهُمْ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ حَتَّى قُبِضَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ فِيهِمْ عُمُرٌ وَ كَانَ قَدْ بَلَغَ السِّنَّ فَأَدْرَكَهُ الْكِبَرُ وَ كَانَ عِدَّةُ مَا سَارَ فِي الْبِلَادِ مِنْ يَوْمَ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى يَوْمَ قُبِضَ خَمْسَمِائَةِ عَامٍ
(Judeo Christian literature)[17]
16- ك، إكمال الدين أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَزَّازُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ بَشَّارٍ الْمَدِينِيِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي أَسَدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ عَلِيّاً ع أَ رَأَيْتَ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ كَيْفَ اسْتَطَاعَ أَنْ يَبْلُغَ الْمَشْرِقَ وَ الْمَغْرِبَ
Ikmal Al Deen’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Bazaz, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub Bin Yusuf, from Ahmad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Yunus Bin Bakeyr, from Muhammad Bin Is’haq, from Bashar Al Madainy, from Amro Bin Sabit, from Samak Bin Harb, from a man from the clain of Asad who said,
‘A man asked Ali-asws, ‘What is your-asws view of Zulqarnayn how he was capable of reaching the east and the west?’
قَالَ سَخَّرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ السَّحَابَ وَ مَدَّ لَهُ فِي الْأَسْبَابِ وَ بَسَطَ لَهُ النُّورَ فَكَانَ اللَّيْلُ وَ النَّهَارُ عَلَيْهِ سَوَاءً
Allah-azwj Subdued the cloud for him and Extended for him regarding the causes, and Spread the light for him, so the night and the day were the same to him’’.[18]
17- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ لَمْ يَكُنْ نَبِيّاً لَكِنَّهُ كَانَ عَبْداً صَالِحاً أَحَبَّ اللَّهَ فَأَحَبَّهُ اللَّهُ وَ نَاصَحَ اللَّهَ فَنَاصَحَهُ اللَّهُ أَمَرَ قَوْمَهُ بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ فَضَرَبُوهُ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ فَغَابَ عَنْهُمْ زَمَاناً
Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ali Ibn Al Numan, from Haroun Bin Kharjat, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Zulqarnayn did not happen to be a Prophet-as, but he was a righteous servant who loved Allah-azwj, and Allah-azwj Loved him, and he advised (for the Sake of) Allah-azwj, and Allah-azwj Advised him. He instructed his people with fearing Allah-azwj, but they struck him upon his horn. He remained absent from them for a time.
ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَضَرَبُوهُ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ الْآخَرِ وَ فِيكُمْ مَنْ هُوَ عَلَى سُنَّتِهِ- وَ إِنَّهُ خُيِّرَ السَّحَابَ الصَّعْبَ وَ السَّحَابَ الذَّلُولَ فَاخْتَارَ الذَّلُولَ فَرَكِبَ الذَّلُولَ وَ كَانَ إِذَا انْتَهَى إِلَى قَوْمٍ كَانَ رَسُولَ نَفْسِهِ إِلَيْهِمْ لِكَيْلَا يُكَذَّبَ الرُّسُلُ
Then he returned to them, but they struck him upon his other horn, and among you all there is one upon his Sunnah. And he was Given a choice – the difficult cloud and the docile cloud. He chose the docile and rode the docile one, and when he came up to a people, he would send himself (as a messenger) to them, lest they belied the Rasools-as’’.[19]
18- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ خَلَّادٍ عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ قَالَ: أَتَى رَجُلٌ عَلِيّاً ع فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ
Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Hashim, from Amro Bin Usman, from a man, from Khalad, from Samak Bin Harb Bin Habeeb who said,
‘A man came to Ali-asws and said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Inform me about Zulqarnayn’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع سُخِّرَتْ لَهُ السَّحَابُ وَ قَرُبَتْ لَهُ الْأَسْبَابُ وَ بُسِطَ لَهُ فِي النُّورِ
He-asws said to him: ‘The cloud was made to be subservient to him, and the causes were brought closer to him, and there was an extension for him regarding the light’.
فَقَالَ ع كَانَ يُبْصِرُ بِاللَّيْلِ كَمَا يُبْصِرُ بِالنَّهَارِ
He-asws said: ‘He could see at night just as he saw by the day.[20]
19- ك، إكمال الدين عَنِ الْمُظَفَّرِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ إِنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ كَانَ عَبْداً صَالِحاً جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ حُجَّةً عَلَى عِبَادِهِ فَدَعَا قَوْمَهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ بِتَقْوَاهُ فَضَرَبُوهُ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ فَغَابَ عَنْهُمْ زَمَاناً حَتَّى قِيلَ مَاتَ أَوْ هَلَكَ بِأَيِّ وَادٍ سَلَكَ
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – From Al Muzaffar Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Ayyash, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir Al Jufy, from Jabir Bin Abdullah who said,
‘I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Zulqarnayn was a righteous servant. Allah-azwj Made him a Divine Authority upon His-azwj servant. He called his people to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and instructed them to fear Him-azwj, but they struck upon his horn. He remained absent from them for a time until it was said, ‘He died or perished, in which valley did he travel?’’
ثُمَّ ظَهَرَ وَ رَجَعَ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَضَرَبُوهُ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ الْآخَرِ أَلَا وَ فِيكُمْ مَنْ هُوَ عَلَى سُنَّتِهِ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَكَّنَ لَهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ آتَاهُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ سَبَباً وَ بَلَغَ الْمَشْرِقَ وَ الْمَغْرِبَ
Then he appeared and returned to his people, but they struck him upon his other horn. Indeed! And among you all there is one who is upon his Sunnah, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Enabled for him in the earth, and Gave him a course from all things, and he reached the east and the west.
وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى سَيُجْرِي سُنَّتَهُ فِي الْقَائِمِ مِنْ وُلْدِي وَ يُبَلِّغُهُ شَرْقَ الْأَرْضِ وَ غَرْبَهَا حَتَّى لَا يَبْقَى سَهْلٌ وَ لَا مَوْضِعٌ مِنْ سَهْلٍ وَ لَا جَبَلٍ وَطِئَهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِلَّا وَطِئَهُ وَ يُظْهِرُ اللَّهُ لَهُ كُنُوزَ الْأَرْضِ وَ مَعَادِنَهَا وَ يَنْصُرُهُ بِالرُّعْبِ يَمْلَأُ الْأَرْضَ قِسْطاً وَ عَدْلًا كَمَا مُلِئَتْ جَوْراً وَ ظُلْماً
And Allah-azwj will be Flowing his Sunnah in Al-Qaim-asws from my-asws sons-asws, and Make him-asws reach the east of the earth and its west, until there does not remain any coast nor a place from a coast, nor a mountain trodden by Zulqarnayn except he-asws will tread it, and Allah-azwj will Manifest for him-asws the treasures of the earth and its mines, and Help him-asws with the awe. He-asws will fill the earth with equity and justice just as it would have been filled with tyranny and injustice’’.[21]
20- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: حَجَّ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ فِي سِتِّمِائَةِ أَلْفِ فَارِسٍ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْحَرَمَ شَيَّعَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ إِلَى الْبَيْتِ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ فَقَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا مَا رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا أَكْثَرَ نُوراً وَ وَجْهاً مِنْهُ قَالُوا ذَاكَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ خَلِيلُ الرَّحْمَنِ ع
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain, from Al Sadouq, by his chain to Muhammad bin Awrama, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, form the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Zulqarnayn performed Hajj among six hundred thousand horsemen. When he entered the Sanctuary (Hurrum), one of his companions escorted him to the House. When he left, he said, ‘I saw such a man, I have not seen any man with more radiance of face than him’. They said, ‘That is Ibrahim-as, Friend of the Beneficent’.
قَالَ أَسْرِجُوا فَتَسَرَّجُوا سِتَّمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دَابَّةٍ فِي مِقْدَارِ مَا يُسْرَجُ دَابَّةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ
He said, ‘Saddle up!’ So, they saddled six hundred thousand animal in a measurement of what it takes to saddle one animal’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ لَا بَلْ نَمْشِي إِلَى خَلِيلِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَمَشَى وَ مَشَى مَعَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ حَتَّى الْتَقَيَا قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ ع بِمَ قَطَعْتَ الدَّهْرَ
He-asws said: ‘Then Zulqarnayn said, ‘No, but we shall walk to the Friend of the beneficent’. He walked and his companions walked with him until they met. Ibrahim-as said: ‘By what do you pass the time’.
قَالَ بِإِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ كَلِمَةً سُبْحَانَ مَنْ هُوَ بَاقٍ لَا يَفْنَى سُبْحَانَ مَنْ هُوَ عَالِمٌ لَا يَنْسَى سُبْحَانَ مَنْ هُوَ حَافِظٌ لَا يَسْقُطُ سُبْحَانَ مَنْ هُوَ بَصِيرٌ لَا يَرْتَابُ سُبْحَانَ مَنْ هُوَ قَيُّومٌ لَا يَنَامُ سُبْحَانَ مَنْ هُوَ مَلِكٌ لَا يُرَامُ-
He said, ‘By eleven phrases – “Glorious is the One-azwj Who remains and will not perish”; “Glorious is the One-azwj Who Knows and does not forget”; “Glorious is the One-azwj Who Preserves and will not fall”; Glorious is the One-azwj Who Sees not being dull”; Glorious is the One-azwj Who is eternal and does not sleep”; Glorious is the One-azwj Who is King not opposed”;
سُبْحَانَ مَنْ هُوَ عَزِيزٌ لَا يُضَامُ سُبْحَانَ مَنْ هُوَ مُحْتَجِبٌ لَا يُرَى سُبْحَانَ مَنْ هُوَ وَاسِعٌ لَا يَتَكَلَّفُ سُبْحَانَ مَنْ هُوَ قَائِمٌ لَا يَلْهُو سُبْحَانَ مَنْ هُوَ دَائِمٌ لَا يَسْهُو
Glorious is the One-azwj Who is Mighty not forceful”; Glorious is the One-azwj Who is Veiled not seen”; Glorious is the One-azwj Who is Capacious not encumbered”; Glorious is the One-azwj Who is Standing, nor playing (vanities)”; Glorious is the One-azwj Who is Permanent, nor Forgetful.[22]
21- سن، المحاسن الْيَقْطِينِيُّ عَنِ الدِّهْقَانِ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: مَلَكَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ وَ مَكَثَ فِي مُلْكِهِ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً
‘Al Mahasin’ – Al Yaqteeny, from Al Dahqan, from Dorost, from Ibrahim Bin Abdul Hameed,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws having said: ‘Zulqarnayn was a king while he was twelve years old, and remained in his kingdom for thirty years’’.[23]
22- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ شَرِيفِ بْنِ سَابِقٍ عَنْ أَسْوَدَ بْنِ رَزِينٍ الْقَاضِي قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ رَآنِي قَطُّ فَقَالَ مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّدِّ أَنْتَ فَقُلْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَابِ فَقَالَ الثَّانِيَةَ مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّدِّ أَنْتَ قُلْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَابِ قَالَ مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّدِّ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ ذَاكَ السَّدُّ الَّذِي عَمِلَهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from Majaylwiya, from Al kufy, from Shareef Bin Sabiq, from Aswad Bin Razeyn Al Qazy who said,
‘I went to Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st and he-asws had not seen me before at all. He-asws said: ‘Are you from the people of Al-Sadd (the barrier)?’ I said, ‘From the people of Al-Baab (the door)’. He-asws said for a second time: ‘You are from the people of Sadd?’ I said, ‘From the people of Al-Baab’. He-asws said: ‘From the people of Al-Sadd?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘That is the barrier which Zulqarnayn worked (made)’’.[24]
23- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَامِدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ الْبَاهِلِيِّ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عُقْبَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُ كُنْتُ فِي خِدْمَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَجَاءَ نَفَرٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فَقَالُوا اسْتَأْذِنْ لَنَا عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا أَخْبِرْنَا عَمَّا جِئْنَا نَسْأَلُكَ عَنْهُ قَالَ جِئْتُمُونِي تَسْأَلُونَنِي عَنْ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ قَالُوا نَعَمْ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al Sadouq, from Abdullah Bin Hamid, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad Ibn Ibrahim, from Amro Bin Haseyn Al Bahily, from Umar Bin Muslim, from Abdul Rahman Bin Ziyad, from Muslim Bin Yasar who said, ‘Abu Aqba Al Ansary said,
‘I was in the service of Rasool-Allah-saww and a number of Jews came and said to me, ‘Get permission for us to see Muhammad-saww. I informed him-saww, and they entered to see him-saww. Inform us about what we have come to ask you-saww about’. He-saww said: ‘You have come to me-as about Zulqarnayn’. They said, ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ كَانَ غُلَاماً مِنْ أَهْلِ الرُّومِ نَاصِحاً لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَأَحَبَّهُ اللَّهُ وَ مَلَكَ الْأَرْضَ فَسَارَ حَتَّى أَتَى مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ ثُمَّ سَارَ إِلَى مَطْلِعِهَا ثُمَّ سَارَ إِلَى خَيْلِ يَأْجُوجَ وَ مَأْجُوجَ فَبَنَى فِيهَا السَّدَّ
He-saww said: ‘He-saww was a boy from the people of Rome, advising for the Sake of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and Allah-azwj Loved him, and ruled the earth. He travelled until he came to the west of the sun, then travelled to its emergence, then travelled to horses of Yajouj and Majouj and built the barrier therein.
قَالُوا نَشْهَدُ أَنَّ هَذَا شَأْنُهُ وَ أَنَّهُ لَفِي التَّوْرَاةِ
They said, ‘We testify that this is his state, and it is such in the Torah’.[25]
24- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيّاً ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ لَمْ يَكُنْ نَبِيّاً وَ لَا رَسُولًا كَانَ عَبْداً أَحَبَّ اللَّهَ فَأَحَبَّهُ وَ نَاصَحَ اللَّهَ فَنَصَحَهُ دَعَا قَوْمَهُ فَضَرَبُوهُ عَلَى أَحَدِ قَرْنَيْهِ فَقَتَلُوهُ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ فَضَرَبُوهُ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ الْآخَرِ فَقَتَلُوهُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Al Tufayl who said,
‘I heard Ali-asws saying: ‘Zulqarnayn did not happen to be a Prophet-as, nor a Rasool-as. He was a servant who loved Allah-azwj and He-azwj Loved him, and he advised for the Sake of Allah-azwj and He-azwj Advised him. He called his people but they struck him upon one of his horns and killed him. Then Allah-azwj Resurrected him and they struck him upon his other horn and killed him’’.[26]
25- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جَمِيعاً قَالَ لَهُمَا مَا مَنْزِلَتُكُمْ وَ مَنْ تُشْبِهُونَ مِمَّنْ مَضَى قَالا صَاحِبُ مُوسَى وَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ كَانَا عَالِمَيْنِ وَ لَمْ يَكُونَا نَبِيَّيْنِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Bureyd Bin Muawiya,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws together. It was said to them-asws, ‘What is your-asws status? And who from the past resembles you-asws?’ They-asws said: ‘Companion of Musa-as and Zulqarnayn were both knowledgeable and they did not happen to be Prophets-as’’.[27]
26- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَرْقَاءِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَنْ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ مَا كَانَ قَرْنَاهُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Al Warqa’a who said,
‘I asked Amir Al-Momineen-asws about Zulqarnayn, ‘What were his horns?’
فَقَالَ لَعَلَّكَ تَحْسَبُ كَانَ قَرْنُهُ ذَهَباً أَوْ فِضَّةً أَوْ كَانَ نَبِيّاً بَلْ كَانَ عَبْداً صَالِحاً بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى أُنَاسٍ فَدَعَاهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ إِلَى الْخَيْرِ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَضَرَبَ قَرْنَهُ الْأَيْسَرَ فَمَاتَ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ فَأَحْيَاهُ وَ بَعَثَهُ إِلَى أُنَاسٍ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَضَرَبَ قَرْنَهُ الْأَيْمَنَ فَمَاتَ فَسَمَّاهُ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ
He-asws said: ‘Perhaps you reckon his horns were gold or silver, or he was a Prophet-as? But he was a righteous servant. Allah-azwj Sent him to the people. He called them to Allah-azwj and to the good, but a man from them stood up and struck his left horn and he died. Then He-azwj Resurrected him and Revived him and Sent him to the people, but a man stood up and struck his right horn. He died and was called Zulqarnayn’’.[28]
27- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ بَعْضِ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ كَانَ عَبْداً صَالِحاً طُوِيَتْ لَهُ الْأَسْبَابُ وَ مُكِّنَ لَهُ فِي الْبِلَادِ وَ كَانَ قَدْ وُصِفَ لَهُ عَيْنُ الْحَيَاةِ وَ قِيلَ لَهُ مَنْ يَشْرَبْ مِنْهَا شَرْبَةً لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى يَسْمَعَ الصَّوْتَ وَ إِنَّهُ خَرَجَ فِي طَلَبِهَا حَتَّى أَتَى مَوْضِعَهَا
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Hisham, from his father, from the one who narrated it,
‘From one of the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww having said: ‘Zulqarnayn was a righteous servant. The causes were folded for him, and it was enabled for him in the country, and the spring of life had been described to him, and it was said to him, ‘One who drinks from it a drink, would not die until he hears the voice (Scream of the Day of Qiyamah); and he went out in seeking it until he came to its place.
وَ كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ ثَلَاثُمِائَةٍ وَ سِتِّينَ عَيْناً وَ كَانَ الْخَضِرُ عَلَى مُقَدِّمَتِهِ وَ كَانَ مِنْ أَشَدِّ أَصْحَابِهِ عِنْدَهُ فَدَعَاهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ وَ أَعْطَى قَوْماً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ كُلَّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ حُوتاً مُمَلَّحاً فَقَالَ انْطَلِقُوا إِلَى هَذِهِ الْمَوَاضِعِ فَلْيَغْسِلْ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْكُمْ حُوتَهُ عِنْدَ عَيْنٍ وَ لَا يَغْسِلْ مَعَهُ أَحَدٌ
And in that place, there were three hundred and sixty springs, and Al-Khizr-as was upon its front and was from the strongest of his companions in his presence. He-as called him and gave him and the people from his companions, a salted fish to each man. He said, ‘Go to this place and each man from you should wash his fish in the spring, and no one else should wash it with him’.
فَانْطَلَقُوا يَلْزَمُ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ عَيْناً فَغَسَلَ فِيهَا حُوتَهُ وَ إِنَّ الْخَضِرَ انْتَهَى إِلَى عَيْنٍ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْعُيُونِ فَلَمَّا غَمَسَ الْحُوتَ وَ وَجَدَ الْحُوتُ رِيحَ الْمَاءِ حَيِيَ فَانْسَابَ فِي الْمَاءِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ الْخَضِرُ رَمَى بِثِيَابِهِ وَ سَقَطَ وَ جَعَلَ يَرْتَمِسُ فِي الْمَاءِ وَ يَشْرَبُ وَ يَجْتَهِدُ أَنْ يُصِيبَهُ
They went. Each man from them necessitated a spring and washed his fish in it, and Al-Khizr-as reached at a spring from those springs. When he-as dipped the fish, the fish found the aroma of the water, it became alive and glided in the water. When Al-Khizr-as saw that, he-as threw down his-as clothes and fell, and went on dipping in the water and drinking, and struggled to attain it.
فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ رَجَعَ فَرَجَعَ أَصْحَابُهُ وَ أَمَرَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ بِقَبْضِ السَّمَكِ فَقَالَ انْظُرُوا فَقَدْ تَخَلَّفَتْ سَمَكَةٌ فَقَالُوا الْخَضِرُ صَاحِبُهَا قَالَ فَدَعَاهُ فَقَالَ مَا خُلِّفَ سَمَكُكَ
When he-as saw that, he-as returned, and his-as companions returned, and Zulqarnayn ordered for the capture of the fish. He said, ‘Look around for a fish has been left behind’. They said, ‘Al-Khizr-as is its handler’. He said, ‘Call him-as’. He said, ‘What made you-as leave your-as fish behind?’
قَالَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ الْخَضِرُ فَقَالَ لَهُ فَصَنَعْتَ مَا ذَا قَالَ سَقَطْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَجَعَلْتُ أَغُوصُ فَأَطْلُبُهَا فَلَمْ أَجِدْهَا فَقَالَ فَشَرِبْتَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ قَالَ نَعَمْ
He-asws said:’ Al-Khizr-as informed him, and he said to him-as, ‘What did you-as do?’ He-as said: ‘I-as fell upon it and went on to dip and seek it, but I-as could not find it’. He said, ‘Did you-as drink from the water?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’’.
قَالَ فَطَلَبَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ الْعَيْنَ فَلَمْ يَجِدْهَا فَقَالَ لِلْخَضِرِ أَنْتَ صَاحِبُهَا
He-asws said:’ Zulqarnayn sought the spring but did not find it. He said to Al-Khizr-as, ‘You-as are its owner’’.[29]
28- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حَارِثِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ قَالَ: أَتَى رَجُلٌ عَلِيّاً ع فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَقَالَ لَهُ سُخِّرَ لَهُ السَّحَابُ وَ قَرُبَتْ لَهُ الْأَسْبَابُ وَ بُسِطَ لَهُ فِي النُّورِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Haris Bin Habeeb who said,
‘A man came to Ali-asws and said to him-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Inform me about Zulqarnayn’. He-asws said to him: ‘The cloud was Made to be subservient to him, and there was an extension for him in the light’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ كَيْفَ بُسِطَ لَهُ فِي النُّورِ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع كَانَ يُبْصِرُ بِاللَّيْلِ كَمَا يُبْصِرُ بِالنَّهَارِ
The man said to him-asws, ‘How was there an extension for him in the light?’ Ali-asws said: ‘He could see at night just as he was by the day’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لِلرَّجُلِ أَزِيدُكَ فِيهِ فَسَكَتَ
Then Ali-asws said to the man: ‘Shall I-asws increase in it for you?’ He was silent’’.[30]
29- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنْ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ قَالَ كَانَ عَبْداً صَالِحاً وَ اسْمُهُ عَيَّاشٌ اخْتَارَهُ اللَّهُ وَ ابْتَعَثَهُ إِلَى قَرْنٍ مِنَ الْقُرُونَ الْأُولَى فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ طُوفَانِ نُوحٍ فَضَرَبُوهُ عَلَى قَرْنِ رَأْسِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ فَمَاتَ مِنْهَا
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Al Asbagh Bin Nubatat,
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws. He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws was asked about Zulqarnayn. He-asws said: ‘He was a righteous servant and his name is Ayash. Allah-azwj Gave him a choice and Sent him to a generation from the former generations in the area of the west, and that was after the flood of Noah-as. They struck him upon the right horn of his head, and he died from it.
ثُمَّ أَحْيَاهُ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ مِائَةِ عَامٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ إِلَى قَرْنٍ مِنَ الْقُرُونِ الْأُولَى فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْمَشْرِقِ فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَضَرَبُوهُ ضَرْبَةً عَلَى قَرْنِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ فَمَاتَ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ أَحْيَاهُ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ مِائَةِ عَامٍ وَ عَوَّضَهُ مِنَ الضَّرْبَتَيْنِ اللَّتَيْنِ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ قَرْنَيْنِ فِي مَوْضِعِ الضَّرْبَتَيْنِ أَجْوَفَيْنِ وَ جَعَلَ عِزَّ مُلْكِهِ وَ آيَةَ نُبُوَّتِهِ فِي قَرْنَيْهِ
Then Allah-azwj Revived him after one hundred years, then Sent him to a generation from the former generations in the area of the east. They belied him and struck him upon his left horn and he died from it. Then Allah-azwj Revived him after one hundred years and offset for him from the two strikes which were upon his head in place of the two strikes, two hollow horns, and made a ruler of his kingdom and a Sign of his Prophet-hood in his generation.
ثُمَّ رَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فَكَشَطَ لَهُ عَنِ الْأَرْضِ كُلِّهَا جِبَالِهَا وَ سُهُولِهَا وَ فِجَاجِهَا حَتَّى أَبْصَرَ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ عِلْماً يَعْرِفُ بِهِ الْحَقَّ وَ الْبَاطِلَ وَ أَيَّدَهُ فِي قَرْنَيْهِ بِكَسْفٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فِيهِ ظُلُمَاتٌ وَ رَعْدٌ وَ بَرْقٌ ثُمَّ أَهْبَطَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ
Then Allah-azwj Raised him to the sky of the world and Uncovered for him from the earth, all of it, its mountains and its coasts and its wide passes until he saw what is between the east and the west, and Allah-azwj Gave him knowledge from all things he can recognise with the truth and the falsehood, and Assisted him in his horn by an eclipse from the sky wherein was darkness and thunder and lightning.
وَ أَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ أَنْ سِرْ فِي نَاحِيَةِ غَرْبِ الْأَرْضِ وَ شَرْقِهَا فَقَدْ طَوَيْتُ لَكَ الْبِلَادَ وَ ذَلَّلْتُ لَكَ الْعِبَادَ فَأَرْهَبْتُهُمْ مِنْكَ فَسَارَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِلَى نَاحِيَةِ الْمَغْرِبِ فَكَانَ إِذَا مَرَّ بِقَرْيَةٍ زَأَرَ فِيهَا كَمَا يَزْأَرُ الْأَسَدُ الْمُغْضَبُ
And He-azwj Sent him to the earth and Revealed to him-as: “Travel in the areas west of the earth and its east, for the country has been folded for you and the servants humbled to you, and I-azwj shall Scare them from you”. Zulqarnayn travelled to the areas of the west and whenever he passed by a town, visited it just as the angered lion would visit.
فَيُبْعَثُ مِنْ قَرْنَيْهِ ظُلُمَاتٌ وَ رَعْدٌ وَ بَرْقٌ وَ صَوَاعِقُ تُهْلِكُ مَنْ نَاوَاهُ وَ خَالَفَهُ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ حَتَّى دَانَ لَهُ أَهْلُ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ
He sent from his horns, darkness, and thunder, and lightning and thunderbolts to destroy the one who was against him and opposed him. He did not reach the west of the sun until there had accepted to him the people of the east and the west’.
قَالَ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ إِنَّا مَكَّنَّا لَهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ آتَيْناهُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ سَبَباً فَسَارَ حَتَّى إِذا بَلَغَ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ وَجَدَها تَغْرُبُ فِي عَيْنٍ حَمِئَةٍ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ أَمَّا مَنْ ظَلَمَ وَ لَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِرَبِّهِ فَسَوْفَ نُعَذِّبُهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا بِعَذَابِ الدُّنْيَا ثُمَّ يُرَدُّ إِلى رَبِّهِ فِي مَرْجِعِهِ فَيُعَذِّبُهُ عَذاباً نُكْراً إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ سَنَقُولُ لَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِنا يُسْراً ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ سَبَباً ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ سَبَباً
He-asws said: ‘And what is the Word of Allah-azwj: Surely We Enabled him in the earth and Gave him a course from every thing [18:84], so he travelled, Until when he reached west of the sun, and found it setting in a muddy spring, [18:86] – up to His-azwj Words: ‘As for one who is unjust, – and does not believing in his Lord-azwj, then soon We will Punish him, – in the world, with a Punishment of the world, then he will return to His Lord – during his return, and He will Punish him with a terrible Punishment [18:87] – up to His-azwj Words: and We will Speak to him an easy word from Our Command [18:88] Then he – Zulqarnayn, followed – from the sun, a course [18:89].
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ لَمَّا انْتَهَى مَعَ الشَّمْسِ إِلَى الْعَيْنِ الْحَامِيَةِ وَجَدَ الشَّمْسَ تَغْرُبُ فِيهَا وَ مَعَهَا سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ يَجُرُّونَهَا بِسَلَاسِلِ الْحَدِيدِ وَ الْكَلَالِيبِ يَجُرُّونَهَا مِنْ قَعْرِ الْبَحْرِ فِي قُطْرِ الْأَرْضِ الْأَيْمَنِ كَمَا يَجْرِي السَّفِينَةُ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الْمَاءِ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى مَعَهَا إِلَى مَطْلَعِ الشَّمْسِ سَبَباً وَجَدَها تَطْلُعُ عَلى قَوْمٍ إِلَى بِما لَدَيْهِ خُبْراً
Then Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Zulqarnayn, when he ended up with (following) the sun to the muddy spring, he found the sun setting therein, and with it were seventy thousand Angels flowing it by chains of iron and the hooks, flowing it from a depth of the sea in a drop of the right hand, just as the ship flows upon the surface of the water. So, when he reached the emergence of the sun, and found it emerging upon a people [18:90] – up to His-azwj Words: knowledge of his news [18:91].
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَرَدَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ قَدْ أَحْرَقَتْهُمُ الشَّمْسُ وَ غَيَّرَتْ أَجْسَادَهُمْ وَ أَلْوَانَهُمْ حَتَّى صَيَّرَتْهُمْ كَالظُّلْمَةِ ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ سَبَباً فِي نَاحِيَةِ الظُّلْمَةِ حَتَّى إِذا بَلَغَ بَيْنَ السَّدَّيْنِ وَجَدَ مِنْ دُونِهِما قَوْماً لا يَكادُونَ يَفْقَهُونَ قَوْلًا قالُوا يا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِنَّ يَأْجُوجَ وَ مَأْجُوجَ خَلْفَ هَذَيْنِ الْجَبَلَيْنِ وَ هُمْ يُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘When Zulqarnayn arrived to a people, the sun had burnt them, and their bodies and their colour had changed until they had become like the darkness. Then he followed a course [18:92] – in an area of the darkness: Until when he reached between the two mountains and found besides these a people who could hardly understand a word [18:93] They said, ‘O Zulqarnain! Yajouj and Majouj – who are behind these two mountains, are making mischief in the land.
إِذَا كَانَ إِبَّانُ زُرُوعِنَا وَ ثِمَارِنَا خَرَجُوا عَلَيْنَا مِنْ هَذَيْنِ السَّدَّيْنِ فَرَعَوْا فِي ثِمَارِنَا وَ زُرُوعِنَا حَتَّى لَا يُبْقُونَ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً فَهَلْ نَجْعَلُ لَكَ خَرْجاً نُؤَدِّيهِ إِلَيْكَ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ عَلى أَنْ تَجْعَلَ بَيْنَنا وَ بَيْنَهُمْ سَدًّا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ زُبَرَ الْحَدِيدِ
Whenever it was during our plantation (harvest) and our fruit (picking), they come out against us from these two cliffs. They devour from our fruits and our plantations until there does not remain anything from these. so shall we make a remuneration for you – we could be paying it to you during every year, if you will make a barrier to be (built) between us and them?’ [18:94] – up to His-azwj Words: Bring me blocks of iron!’ [18:96]’.
قَالَ فَاحْتُفِرَ لَهُ جَبَلُ حَدِيدٍ فَقَلَعُوا لَهُ أَمْثَالَ اللَّبِنِ فَطَرَحَ بَعْضَهُ عَلَى بَعْضٍ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الصَّدَفَيْنِ وَ كَانَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ هُوَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ بَنَى رَدْماً عَلَى الْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ جَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَطَبَ وَ أَلْهَبَ فِيهِ النَّارَ وَ وَضَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَنَافِيخَ فَنَفَخُوا عَلَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘They dug up for him a mountain of iron (ore), and they took it out for him like the milk. He placed parts of it upon (other) parts in what is between the two cliffs. And it was so that Zulqarnayn, he was the first one who built a construction (of a fortified barrier) upon the earth. Then the firewood was gathered for him, and the fire was ignited in it, and the bellows were placed upon it, and they blew into it.
فَلَمَّا ذَابَ قَالَ آتُونِي بِقِطْرٍ وَ هُوَ الْمِسُّ الْأَحْمَرُ قَالَ فَاحْتَفَرُوا لَهُ جَبَلًا مِنْ مِسٍّ فَطَرَحُوهُ عَلَى الْحَدِيدِ فَذَابَ مَعَهُ وَ اخْتَلَطَ بِهِ قَالَ فَمَا اسْطاعُوا أَنْ يَظْهَرُوهُ وَ مَا اسْتَطاعُوا لَهُ نَقْباً يَعْنِي يَأْجُوجَ وَ مَأْجُوجَ قالَ هذا رَحْمَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّي فَإِذا جاءَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي جَعَلَهُ دَكَّاءَ وَ كانَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي حَقًّا
When it melted, he said, ‘Bring me with molten copper!’ – and it is the red brass. So they dug up a mountain for him from brass, and they placed it upon the iron, and it melted along with it, and mingled with it. So they were neither able to scale it nor were they able to make a hole in it [18:97] – meaning Yajouj and Majouj. He said: ‘This is a Mercy from my Lord, but when the Promise of my Lord comes, He will Make it level, and a Promise of my Lord would always be true [18:97]’.
إلى هاهنا رواية علي بن الحسين و رواية محمد بن نصر وَ زَادَ جَبْرَئِيلُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ بِأَسَانِيدَ عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ
Up to here is the report of Ali Bin Al-Husayn and report of Muhammad Bin Nasr. And there is an addition by Jibraeel Bin Ahmad, in his Hadeeth, by chains from Al Asbagh Bin Nubata: –
عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ تَرَكْنا بَعْضَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَمُوجُ فِي بَعْضٍ يَعْنِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ كَانَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ عَبْداً صَالِحاً وَ كَانَ مِنَ اللَّهِ بِمَكَانٍ نَصَحَ اللَّهَ فَنَصَحَ لَهُ وَ أَحَبَّ اللَّهَ فَأَحَبَّهُ وَ كَانَ قَدْ سَبَّبَ لَهُ فِي الْبِلَادِ وَ مَكَّنَ لَهُ فِيهَا حَتَّى مَلَكَ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ
From Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws (having said): ‘And We will Forsake some of them on that Day surging among others [18:99] – Meaning the Day of Qiyamah. And Zulqarnayn was a righteous servant, and he had a position from Allah-azwj. He advised for the Sake of Allah-azwj, He-azwj Advised him, and he loved Allah-azwj, He-azwj Loved him. And He-azwj had (Given him a) course in the cities, and Enabled for him in these until he ruled whatever is between the east and the west.
وَ كَانَ لَهُ خَلِيلٌ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ يُقَالُ لَهُ رَقَائِيلُ يَنْزِلُ إِلَيْهِ فَيُحَدِّثُهُ وَ يُنَاجِيهِ فَبَيْنَا هُوَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ عِنْدَهُ إِذْ قَالَ لَهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ يَا رَقَائِيلُ كَيْفَ عِبَادَةُ أَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ وَ أَيْنَ هِيَ مِنْ عِبَادَةِ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ قَالَ رَقَائِيلُ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ مَا عِبَادَةُ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ- فَقَالَ أَمَّا عِبَادَةُ أَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ مَوْضِعُ قَدَمٍ إِلَّا وَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكٌ قَائِمٌ لَا يَقْعُدُ أَبَداً أَوْ رَاكِعٌ لَا يَسْجُدُ أَبَداً أَوْ سَاجِدٌ لَا يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ أَبَداً
And there was a friend for him from the Angels called Rafaeel, descending to him, and he would discuss with him and whisper to him. One day, while he was in his presence, Zulqarnayn said to him: ‘O Rafaeel! How is the worship of the inhabitants of the sky, and where is it from the worship of the inhabitants of the earth?’ Rafaeel said, ‘O Zulqarnayn! And what is the worship of the inhabitants of the earth? ‘As for the worship of the inhabitants of the sky, there is no place in the skies for a foot except and upon it is an Angel standing, not sitting down ever, or performing Ruku, not raising his head, ever!’
فَبَكَى ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ بُكَاءً شَدِيداً فَقَالَ يَا رَقَائِيلُ إِنِّي أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَعِيشَ حَتَّى أَبْلُغَ مِنْ عِبَادَةِ رَبِّي وَ حَقِّ طَاعَتِهِ مَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ
Zulqarnayn wept with an intense weeping, and said: ‘O Rakaeel! I would love to live until I reach from the worship of my Lord-azwj and right of His-azwj obedience with what He-azwj is Rightful of’.
قَالَ رَقَائِيلُ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ عَيْناً تُدْعَى عَيْنَ الْحَيَاةِ فِيهَا عَزِيمَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُ مَنْ يَشْرَبْ مِنْهَا لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى يَكُونَ هُوَ الَّذِي يَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ الْمَوْتَ فَإِنْ ظَفِرْتَ بِهَا تَعِشْ مَا شِئْتَ قَالَ وَ أَيْنَ ذَلِكَ الْعَيْنُ وَ هَلْ تَعْرِفُهَا قَالَ لَا غَيْرَ أَنَّا نَتَحَدَّثُ فِي السَّمَاءِ أَنَّ لِلَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ ظُلْمَةً لَمْ يَطَأْهَا إِنْسٌ وَ لَا جَانٌ فَقَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ أَيْنَ تِلْكَ الظُّلْمَةُ قَالَ رَقَائِيلُ مَا أَدْرِي
Rafaeel said, ‘O Zulqarnayn! Surely for Allah-azwj, in the earth, there is a spring called ‘the spring of life’ wherein is a Determination from Allah-azwj that the one who drinks from it would not die until he is the one who happens to ask Allah-azwj for the death. If you were to succeed with it, you will live for as long as you desire to’. He said, ‘And where is that spring, and do you recognise it?’ He said, ‘No, apart from that, we discussed in the sky that for Allah-azwj, in the earth, there is a darkness, none has trodden it, neither a human nor Jinn’. Zulqarnayn said, ‘And where is that darkness?’ Rafaeel said, ‘I don’t know’.
ثُمَّ صَعِدَ رَقَائِيلُ فَدَخَلَ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ حُزْنٌ طَوِيلٌ مِنْ قَوْلِ رَقَائِيلَ وَ مِمَّا أَخْبَرَهُ عَنِ الْعَيْنِ وَ الظُّلْمَةِ وَ لَمْ يُخْبِرْهُ بِعِلْمٍ يَنْتَفِعُ بِهِ مِنْهُمَا فَجَمَعَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ مَمْلَكَتِهِ وَ عُلَمَاءَهُمْ وَ أَهْلَ دِرَاسَةِ الْكُتُبِ وَ آثَارِ النُّبُوَّةِ
Then Rafaeel ascended and Zulqarnayn entered into a lengthy grief from the words of Rafaeel, and from what he had informed him about the spring and the darkness, and did not inform him with knowledge he could benefit from. Zulqarnayn gathered the jurists of the people of his kingdom, and their scholars, and the people studying the Books, and the Ahadeeth of the Prophet-hood.
فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعُوا عِنْدَهُ قَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْفُقَهَاءِ وَ أَهْلَ الْكُتُبِ وَ آثَارِ النُّبُوَّةِ هَلْ وَجَدْتُمْ فِيمَا قَرَأْتُمْ مِنْ كُتُبِ اللَّهِ وَ فِي كُتُبِ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ مِنَ الْمُلُوكِ أَنَّ لِلَّهِ عَيْناً تُدْعَى عَيْنَ الْحَيَاةِ فِيهَا مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزِيمَةٌ أَنَّهُ مَنْ يَشْرَبْ مِنْهَا لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى يَكُونَ هُوَ الَّذِي يَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ الْمَوْتَ قَالُوا لَا يَا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ
When they had gathered in his presence, Zulqarnayn said: ‘O group of the jurists, and the people of the Books and the Ahadeeth of the Prophet-hood! Did you find in what you read from the Books of Allah-azwj, or in Books of the ones who were before you from the kings, that for Allah-azwj there is a spring called ‘The spring of life’, wherein there is a Determination from Allah-azwj that the one who drinks from it would not die until it so happens he is the one who asks Allah-azwj for the death?’ They said, ‘No, O king!’
قَالَ فَهَلْ وَجَدْتُمْ فِيمَا قَرَأْتُمْ مِنَ الْكُتُبِ أَنَّ لِلَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ ظُلْمَةً لَمْ يَطَأْهَا إِنْسٌ وَ لَا جَانٌّ قَالُوا لَا يَا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ فَحَزِنَ عَلَيْهِ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ حُزْناً شَدِيداً وَ بَكَى إِذْ لَمْ يُخْبَرْ عَنِ الْعَيْنِ وَ الظٌّلْمَةِ بِمَا يُحِبُّ
He said, ‘Did you find in what you read from the Books, that for Allah-azwj in the earth, there is a darkness none has trodden, neither a human nor a Jinn?’ They said, ‘No, O king!’ Zulqarnayn grieved with intense grief, and wept when he was not informed about the spring and the darkness of what he loved.
وَ كَانَ فِيمَنْ حَضَرَهُ غُلَامٌ مِنَ الْغِلْمَانِ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ أَوْصِيَاءِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ كَانَ سَاكِتاً لَا يَتَكَلَّمُ حَتَّى إِذَا أَيِسَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ لَهُ الْغُلَامُ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ إِنَّكَ تَسْأَلُ هَؤُلَاءِ عَنْ أَمْرٍ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ بِهِ عِلْمٌ وَ عِلْمُ مَا تُرِيدُ عِنْدِي فَفَرِحَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَرَحاً شَدِيداً حَتَّى نَزَلَ عَنْ فِرَاشِهِ وَ قَالَ لَهُ ادْنُ مِنِّي فَدَنَا مِنْهُ
And there was among the ones who were present, a boy from the boys from the children of the successors-as, successors-as of the Prophets-as, and he was silent, not speaking until Zulqarnayn had despaired from them. The boy said to him, ‘O king! You asked them about a matter for which there is no knowledge with them, and there is with men knowledge of what you want’. Zulqarnayn rejoiced with intense happiness, until he descended from his throne and said to him: ‘Come near me!’ He went near him.
فَقَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي قَالَ نَعَمْ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ إِنِّي وَجَدْتُ فِي كِتَابِ آدَمَ الَّذِي كَتَبَ يَوْمَ سُمِّيَ لَهُ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ مِنْ عَيْنٍ أَوْ شَجَرٍ فَوَجَدْتُ فِيهِ أَنَّ لِلَّهِ عَيْناً تُدْعَى عَيْنَ الْحَيَاةِ فِيهَا مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ عَزِيمَةٌ أَنَّهُ مَنْ يَشْرَبْ مِنْهَا لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى يَكُونَ هُوَ الَّذِي يَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ الْمَوْتَ بِظُلْمَةٍ لَمْ يَطَأْهَا إِنْسٌ وَ لَا جَانٌّ
He said, ‘Inform me’. He said, ‘Yes, O king! I found in the Book of Adam-as which he wrote on the day there were named for him-as whatever is in the earth, from a spring or tree. I found in it that for Allah-azwj there is a spring called ‘The spring of life’, wherein from Allah-azwj is a Determination that the one who drinks from it would not die until it so happens that he is the one who asks Allah-azwj for the death, (and) a darkness none has trodden it, neither a human nor a Jinn’.
فَفَرِحَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ قَالَ ادْنُ مِنِّي يَا أَيُّهَا الْغُلَامُ تَدْرِي أَيْنَ مَوْضِعُهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ وَجَدْتُ فِي كِتَابِ آدَمَ أَنَّهَا عَلَى قَرْنِ الشَّمْسِ يَعْنِي مَطْلِعَهَا فَفَرِحَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ بَعَثَ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَمْلَكَتِهِ فَجَمَعَ أَشْرَافَهُمْ وَ فُقَهَاءَهُمْ وَ عُلَمَاءَهُمْ وَ أَهْلَ الْحُكْمِ مِنْهُمْ فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ أَلْفُ حَكِيمٍ وَ عَالِمٍ وَ فَقِيهٍ
Zulqarnayn rejoiced and said: ‘Come near me, O boy! Do you know where its place is?’ He said, ‘Yes. I found in the Book of Adam-as that it is upon a horn of the sun – meaning its emergence’. Zulqarnayn was happy and sent a message to the people of his kingdom, and he gathered their noble ones, and their jurists, and their scholars, and the people of the wisdom from them, and there gathered to him a thousand wise ones, and scholars and jurists.
فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَيْهِ تَهَيَّأَ لِلْمَسِيرِ وَ تَأَهَّبَ لَهُ بِأَعَدِّ الْعُدَّةِ وَ أَقْوَى الْقُوَّةِ فَسَارَ بِهِمْ يُرِيدُ مَطْلِعَ الشَّمْسِ يَخُوضُ الْبِحَارَ وَ يَقْطَعُ الْجِبَالَ وَ الْفَيَافِيَ وَ الْأَرَضِينَ وَ الْمَفَاوِزَ فَسَارَ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ سَنَةً حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى طَرَفِ الظٌّلْمَةِ فَإِذَا هِيَ لَيْسَتْ بِظُلْمَةِ لَيْلٍ وَ لَا دُخَانٍ وَ لَكِنَّهَا هَوَاءٌ يَفُورُ سَدَّ مَا بَيْنَ الْأُفُقَيْنِ
When they gathered to him, he prepared for the journey and they prepared for him by the assistance of the numbers and the strength of the strongest ones. He travelled with them intending the emergence of the sun, crossing the sea and cutting the mountain (passes), and the plains, and the lands, and the wilderness. He travelled for twelve years until he ended up to the edge of the darkness, and he wasn’t in a darkness of a night or of smoke, but it was air which had spread to what is between the two horizons.
فَنَزَلَ بِطَرَفِهَا وَ عَسْكَرَ عَلَيْهَا وَ جَمَعَ عُلَمَاءَ أَهْلِ عَسْكَرِهِ وَ فُقَهَاءَهُمْ وَ أَهْلَ الْفَضْلِ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْفُقَهَاءِ وَ الْعُلَمَاءِ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْلُكَ هَذِهِ الظُّلْمَةَ
He encamped on its verge, and the soldiers were upon it. And he gathered the scholars, and the people of his army, and their jurists, and the people of the merits from them, and he said, ‘O group of the jurists and the scholars! I want to ask you about this darkness!’
فَخَرُّوا لَهُ سُجَّداً فَقَالُوا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ إِنَّكَ لَتَطْلُبُ أَمْراً مَا طَلَبَهُ وَ لَا سَلَكَهُ أَحَدٌ كَانَ قَبْلَكَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ لَا مِنَ الْمُلُوكِ قَالَ إِنَّهُ لَا بُدَّ لِي مِنْ طَلَبِهَا
They fell down prostrate to him, and they said, ‘O king! You sought a matter what was not sought nor travelled to by anyone from the ones who were before you from the Prophets-as and the Mursils-as, not from the kings’. He said, ‘It is inevitable for me to seek it’.
قَالُوا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ إِنَّا لَوْ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ إِذَا سَلَكْتَهَا ظَفِرْتَ بِحَاجَتِكَ مِنْهَا بِغَيْرِ عَنَتٍ عَلَيْكَ لَأَمَرْنَا وَ لَكِنَّا نَخَافُ أَنْ يَعْلَقَ بِكَ مِنْهَا أَمْرٌ يَكُونُ فِيهِ هَلَاكُ مُلْكِكَ وَ زَوَالُ سُلْطَانِكَ وَ فَسَادٌ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ
They said, ‘O king! We know that you, when you travelled it, you would succeed with your need without exhaustion upon you of our matter, but we fear that there might attach with you, from it, a matter there would happen to be destruction of your kingdom in it, and decline of your authority, and mischief of the ones in the earth?’
فَقَالَ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَسْلُكَهَا فَخَرُّوا سُجَّداً لِلَّهِ وَ قَالُوا إِنَّا نَتَبَرَّأُ إِلَيْكَ مِمَّا يُرِيدُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ
He said, ‘It is inevitable that I travel it’. They fell down in Sajdah to Allah-azwj, and they said, ‘We disavow to You-azwj from what Zulqarnayn wants’.
فَقَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْعُلَمَاءِ أَخْبِرُونِي بِأَبْصَرِ الدَّوَابِّ قَالُوا الْخَيْلُ الْإِنَاثُ الْبِكَارَةُ أَبْصَرُ الدَّوَابِّ فَانْتَخَبَ مِنْ عَسْكَرِهِ فَأَصَابَ سِتَّةَ آلَافِ فَرَسٍ إِنَاثاً أَبْكَاراً وَ انْتَخَبَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَ الْفَضْلِ وَ الْحِكْمَةِ سِتَّةَ آلَافِ رَجُلٍ فَدَفَعَ إِلَى كُلِّ رَجُلٍ فَرَساً وَ وَلَّى فَسْحَرَ وَ هُوَ الْخَضِرُ عَلَى أَلْفَيْ فَرَسٍ فَجَعَلَهُمْ عَلَى مُقَدِّمَتِهِ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا الظُّلْمَةَ
Zulqarnayn said, ‘O group of the scholars! Inform me of the insights of the animals?’ They said, ‘The female virgin horses are the most insightful of the animals’. He chose from his army, and attained six thousand horses, female virgins, and chose from the people of the knowledge, and the merit, and the wisdom, six thousand men, and he handed over a horse to each man – and tied up the beautiful – and it is the greenery (vegetables) – upon a thousand horses. He made them be at the forefront and ordered them to enter the darkness.
وَ سَارَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ آلَافٍ وَ أَمَرَ أَهْلَ عَسْكَرِهِ أَنْ يَلْزَمُوا مُعَسْكَرَهُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ سَنَةً فَإِنْ رَجَعَ هُوَ إِلَيْهِمْ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ وَ إِلَّا تَفَرَّقُوا فِي الْبِلَادِ وَ لَحِقُوا بِبِلَادِهِمْ أَوْ حَيْثُ شَاءُوا
And Zulqarnayn travelled among four thousand, and ordered the people of his army that they sit encamped for twelve years. So, if he returns to them by that time (fine), or else they disperse in the cities, and join up in their cities, or wherever they so desire to.
فَقَالَ الْخَضِرُ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ إِنَّا نَسْلُكَ فِي الظُّلْمَةِ لَا يَرَى بَعْضُنَا بَعْضاً كَيْفَ نَصْنَعُ بِالضَّلَالِ إِذَا أَصَابَنَا فَأَعْطَاهُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ خَرَزَةً حَمْرَاءَ كَأَنَّهَا مَشْعَلَةٌ لَهَا ضَوْءٌ فَقَالَ خُذْ هَذِهِ الْخَرَزَةَ فَإِذَا أَصَابَكُمُ الضَّلَالُ فَارْمِ بِهَا إِلَى الْأَرْضِ فَإِنَّهَا تَصِيحُ فَإِذَا صَاحَتْ رَجَعَ أَهْلُ الضَّلَالِ إِلَى صَوْتِهَا
Al-Khizr-as said: ‘O king! We travel in the darkness, not seeing each other. How should we deal with the straying when it hits us?’ So Zulqarnayn gave him-as a red bead, as if it were a torch having illumination for it, and said: ‘Take this bead. When the straying hits you, throw it to the ground, so it would shriek. When it shrieks, the strayed people would return to its sound’.
فَأَخَذَهَا الْخَضِرُ وَ مَضَى فِي الظُّلْمَةِ وَ كَانَ الْخَضِرُ يَرْتَحِلُ وَ يَنْزِلُ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَبَيْنَا الْخَضِرُ يَسِيرُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِذْ عَرَضَ لَهُ وَادٍ فِي الظُّلْمَةِ فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ قِفُوا فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ لَا يَتَحَرَّكَنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ عَنْ مَوْضِعِهِ
Al-Khizr-as took it and went into the darkness, and it was so that Al-Khizr-as would travel and Zulqarnayn would descend (take turns). While Al-Khizr-as was travelling one day, when a valley appeared to him in the darkness, so he-as said to his-as companions: ‘Pause in this place. Not one of you should move from his place’.
عَنْ مَوْضِعِهِ وَ نَزَلَ عَنْ فَرَسِهِ فَتَنَاوَلَ الْخَرَزَةَ فَرَمَى بِهَا فِي الْوَادِي فَأَبْطَأَتْ عَنْهُ بِالْإِجَابَةِ حَتَّى خَافَ أَنْ لَا يُجِيبَهُ ثُمَّ أَجَابَتْهُ فَخَرَجَ إِلَى صَوْتِهَا فَإِذَا هِيَ عَلَى جَانِبِ الْعَيْنِ وَ إِذَا مَاؤُهَا أَشَدُّ بَيَاضاً مِنَ اللَّبَنِ وَ أَصْفَى مِنَ الْيَاقُوتِ وَ أَحْلَى مِنَ الْعَسَلِ
And he-as descended from his horse and grabbed the bead, and threw it in the valley, but the response was delayed from it, to the extent that he almost thought, or feared that it would not respond. Then it responded, and he-as came out to its sound, and there it was upon a side of the spring at which it had paused. And its water was more intensely whiter than the milk, and clear than the sapphire, and sweeter than the honey.
فَشَرِبَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ خَلَعَ ثِيَابَهُ فَاغْتَسَلَ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ لَبِسَ ثِيَابَهُ ثُمَّ رَمَى بِالْخَرَزَةِ نَحْوَ أَصْحَابِهِ فَأَجَابَتْهُ فَخَرَجَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ وَ رَكِبَ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ بِالْمَسِيرِ فَسَارُوا
He-as drank from it, then took off his-as clothes and washed from it, then wore his clothes. Then he-as threw the bead around his-as companions, and it responded. He-as came out to his-as companions and rode, and ordered them with the travelling. They travelled.
وَ مَرَّ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ بَعْدَهُ فَأَخْطَأَ الْوَادِيَ فَسَلَكُوا تِلْكَ الظُّلْمَةَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً ثُمَّ خَرَجُوا بِضَوْءٍ لَيْسَ بِضَوْءِ نَهَارٍ وَ لَا شَمْسٍ وَ لَا قَمَرٍ وَ لَكِنَّهُ نُورٌ فَخَرَجُوا إِلَى أَرْضٍ حَمْرَاءَ رَمِلَةٍ خَشْخَاشَةٍ فَرِكَةٍ كَأَنَّ حَصَاهَا اللُّؤْلُؤُ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِقَصْرٍ مَبْنِيٍّ عَلَى طُولِ فَرْسَخٍ
And Zulqarnayn passed by after it, but he mistook the valley, and he travelled that darkness for forty days and forty nights. Then he came out to an illumination which wasn’t the illumination of the day, nor of the sun, nor of the moon, but it was a light. Then they came out to a land of red soil, dry, soft, as if its pebbles were like pearls, and there was a castle built upon the length of a Farsakh (3 miles).
فَجَاءَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِلَى الْبَابِ فَعَسْكَرَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ تَوَجَّهَ بِوَجْهِهِ وَحْدَهُ إِلَى الْقَصْرِ فَإِذَا طَائِرٌ وَ إِذَا حَدِيدَةٌ طَوِيلَةٌ قَدْ وُضِعَ طَرَفَاهَا عَلَى جَانِبَيِ الْقَصْرِ وَ الطَّيْرُ أَسْوَدُ مُعَلَّقٌ فِي تِلْكَ الْحَدِيدَةِ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ كَأَنَّهُ الْخُطَّافُ أَوْ صُورَةُ الْخُطَّافِ أَوْ شَبِيهٌ بِالْخُطَّافِ أَوْ هُوَ خُطَّافٌ
Zulqarnayn came to the door and encamped at it. Then he diverted his face alone to the castle, and there was a bird, and there was a long iron bar placed upon its end upon a side of the castle, and the bird was black, hanging in that iron bar between the sky and the earth, as if it was a swallow, or an image of the swallow, or it resembled the swallow, or it was a swallow.
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ الطَّائِرُ خَشْخَشَةَ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ قَالَ مَنْ هَذَا قَالَ أَنَا ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَقَالَ الطَّائِرُ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَ مَا كَفَاكَ مَا وَرَاءَكَ حَتَّى وَصَلْتَ إِلَى حَدِّ بَابِي هَذَا فَفَرِقَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَرَقاً شَدِيداً فَقَالَ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ لَا تَخَفْ وَ أَخْبِرْنِي قَالَ سَلْ قَالَ هَلْ كَثُرَ فِي الْأَرْضِ بُنْيَانُ الْآجُرِّ وَ الْجِصِّ قَالَ نَعَمْ
When the clinks of Zulqarnayn were heard, it said, ‘Who is this?’ He said: ‘I am Zulqarnayn’. The bird said, ‘O Zulqarnayn! Does it not suffice you what is behind you until you arrive to a limit of this door of mine?’ Zulqarnayn panicked with an intense panic, so it said, ‘O Zulqarnayn! Do not fear, and inform me’. He said: ‘Ask’. It said, ‘Is there a lot of brick and plaster in the ground?’ He said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَانْتَفَضَ الطَّيْرُ وَ امْتَلَأَ حَتَّى مَلَأَ مِنَ الْحَدِيدَةِ ثُلُثَهَا فَفَرِقَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَقَالَ لَا تَخَفْ وَ أَخْبِرْنِي قَالَ سَلْ قَالَ هَلْ كَثُرَتِ الْمَعَازِفُ قَالَ نَعَمْ
He-asws said: ‘The bird turned away, and fill it until a third of the iron bar was filled. Zulqarnayn separated, and it said, ‘Do not fear and inform me’. He said: ‘Ask’. It said, ‘Have the musical instruments become abundant?’ He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَانْتَفَضَ الطَّيْرُ وَ امْتَلَأَ حَتَّى مَلَأَ مِنَ الْحَدِيدَةِ ثُلُثَيْهَا فَفَرِقَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَقَالَ لَا تَخَفْ وَ أَخْبِرْنِي قَالَ سَلْ قَالَ هَلِ ارْتَكَبَ النَّاسُ شَهَادَةَ الزُّورِ فِي الْأَرْضِ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَانْتَفَضَ انْتِفَاضَةً وَ انْتَفَخَ فَسَدَّ مَا بَيْنَ جِدَارَيِ الْقَصْرِ
He-asws said: ‘The bird turned away and two-thirds of the iron bar was filled. Zulqarnayn separated, and it said, ‘Do not fear and inform me’. He said, Ask’. It said, ‘Do the people swear the false testimony in the land?’ He said, ‘Yes’. So, the upper part surged and it swelled, and it blocked between the two walls of the castle’.
قَالَ فَامْتَلَأَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فَرَقاً مِنْهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ لَا تَخَفْ وَ أَخْبِرْنِي قَالَ سَلْ قَالَ هَلْ تَرَكَ النَّاسُ شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ قَالَ لَا فَانْضَمَّ ثُلُثُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ لَا تَخَفْ وَ أَخْبِرْنِي قَالَ سَلْ قَالَ هَلْ تَرَكَ النَّاسُ الصَّلَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ قَالَ لَا
He-asws said: ‘During that, Zulqarnayn filled a section from it. It said, ‘Do not fear and inform me’. He said: ‘Ask’. It said, ‘Do the people neglect the testimony that there is no god except Allah-azwj?’ He said: ‘Yes’. So it joined a third, then said, ‘O Zulqarnayn! Do not fear and inform me’. He said, ‘Ask’. It said, ‘Do the people neglect the washing from the sexual impurity?’ He said: ‘No’’.
قَالَ فَانْضَمَّ ثُلُثٌ آخَرُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ لَا تَخَفْ وَ أَخْبِرْنِي قَالَ سَلْ قَالَ هَلْ تَرَكَ النَّاسُ الْغُسْلَ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَانْضَمَّ حَتَّى عَادَ إِلَى حَالِهِ الْأَوَّلِ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِدَرَجَةٍ مُدْرَجَةٍ إِلَى أَعْلَى الْقَصْرِ فَقَالَ الطَّيْرُ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ اسْلُكْ هَذِهِ الدَّرَجَةَ فَسَلَكَهَا وَ هُوَ خَائِفٌ لَا يَدْرِي مَا يَهْجُمُ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى اسْتَوَى عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا فَإِذَا هُوَ بِسَطْحٍ مَمْدُودٍ مَدَّ الْبَصَرِ وَ إِذَا رَجُلٌ شَابٌّ أَبْيَضُ مُضِيءُ الْوَجْهِ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابٌ بِيضٌ حَتَّى كَأَنَّهُ رَجُلٌ أَوْ فِي صُورَةِ رَجُلٍ أَوْ شَبِيهٌ بِالرَّجُلِ أَوْ هُوَ رَجُلٌ
He-asws said: ‘It joined until it returned to its former state, and there he was with a staircase ascending to the top of the castle. The bird said, ‘O Zulqarnayn! Climb these stairs. He climbed, and he was fearful, not knowing what might attack upon him, until he was established upon the top of it, and there he was by a roof extending to the extent of the sight, and there was a white youth, luminous of face. Upon him were white clothes, as if he was a man, or in an image of a man, or resembling a man, or he was a man.
وَ إِذَا هُوَ رَافِعٌ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا وَاضِعٌ يَدَهُ عَلَى فِيهِ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ خَشْخَشَةَ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ قَالَ مَنْ هَذَا قَالَ أَنَا ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ قَالَ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَ مَا كَفَاكَ مَا وَرَاءَكَ حَتَّى وَصَلْتَ إِلَيَّ قَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ مَا لِي أَرَاكَ وَاضِعاً يَدَكَ عَلَى فِيكَ قَالَ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَنَا صَاحِبُ الصُّورِ وَ إِنَّ السَّاعَةَ قَدِ اقْتَرَبَتْ وَ أَنَا أَنْتَظِرُ أَنْ أُومَرَ بِالنَّفْخِ فَأَنْفُخَ
And he was raising his head towards the sky, looking towards it, and his hand was placed in his mouth. When he heard the clinks of Zulqarnayn, he said, ‘Who is this?’ He said, ‘I am Zulqarnayn’. He said, ‘O Zulqarnayn! I am the owner of the Trumpet, and surely the Hour has drawn near, and I am awaiting to be Commanded with the blowing, so I can blow’.
ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ فَتَنَاوَلَ حَجَراً فَرَمَى بِهِ إِلَى ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ كَأَنَّهُ حَجَرٌ أَوْ شِبْهُ حَجَرٍ أَوْ هُوَ حَجَرٌ فَقَالَ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ خُذْهَا فَإِنْ جَاعَ جُعْتَ وَ إِنْ شَبِعَ شَبِعْتَ
Then he struck his hand and grabbed a stone, and threw it towards Zulqarnayn, as if it was a rock, or resembling a rock, or it was a rock, and he said, ‘O Zulqarnayn! Take it. If it is hungry, you will be hungry, and if it is satiated, you will be satiated’.
فَارْجِعْ فَرَجَعَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ بِذَلِكَ الْحَجَرِ حَتَّى خَرَجَ بِهِ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ بِالطَّيْرِ وَ مَا سَأَلَهُ عَنْهُ وَ مَا قَالَ لَهُ وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ وَ أَخْبَرَهُمْ بِصَاحِبِ السَّطْحِ وَ مَا قَالَ لَهُ وَ مَا أَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّهُ أَعْطَانِي هَذَا الْحَجَرَ وَ قَالَ لِي إِنْ جَاعَ جُعْتَ وَ إِنْ شَبِعَ شَبِعْتَ
Zulqarnayn returned with that rock until he came out with it to his companions, and he informed them of the bird and what it had asked him about, and what he had said to it, and what was from its matter, and informed them of the owner of the trumpet, and what he had said to him, and what he gave him. Then he said to them: ‘He gave me this rock, and said to me, ‘So if it is hungry, you will be hungry, and if it is satiated, you will be satiated’.
قَالَ أَخْبِرُونِي بِأَمْرِ هَذَا الْحَجَرِ فَوُضِعَ فِي إِحْدَى الْكَفَّيْنِ فَوُضِعَ حَجَرٌ مِثْلُهُ فِي الْكِفَّةِ الْأُخْرَى ثُمَّ رُفِعَ الْمِيزَانُ فَإِذَا الْحَجَرُ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ أَرْجَحُ بِمِثْلِ الْآخَرِ فَوَضَعُوا آخَرَ فَمَالَ بِهِ حَتَّى وَضَعُوا أَلْفَ حَجَرٍ كُلُّهَا مِثْلُهُ ثُمَّ رَفَعُوا الْمِيزَانَ فَمَالَ بِهَا وَ لَمْ يَسْتَمِلْ بِهِ الْأَلْفُ حَجَرٍ
He said: ‘Inform me with the matter of this stone’, and he placed the stone in one of the two hands (of a scale), and placed a stone similar to it in the other hand (of the scale), then raised the scale, and the stone which he had come with, outweighed the other similar one. He placed another, but it still inclined towards it, until he placed a thousand stones, all of them like it, and then raised the scale, but it (still) inclined with these and the thousand stones could not tilt it.
فَقَالُوا يَا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ لَا عِلْمَ لَنَا بِهَذَا فَقَالَ لَهُ الْخَضِرُ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ إِنَّكَ تَسْأَلُ هَؤُلَاءِ عَمَّا لَا عِلْمَ لَهُمْ بِهِ وَ قَدْ أُوتِيتُ عِلْمَ هَذَا الْحَجَرِ فَقَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَأَخْبِرْنَا بِهِ وَ بَيِّنْهُ لَنَا فَتَنَاوَلَ الْخَضِرُ الْمِيزَانَ فَوَضَعَ الْحَجَرَ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ فِي كِفَّةِ الْمِيزَانِ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ حَجَراً آخَرَ فِي كِفَّةٍ أُخْرَى ثُمَّ وَضَعَ كِفَّةَ تُرَابٍ عَلَى حَجَرِ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ يَزِيدُهُ ثِقْلًا ثُمَّ رَفَعَ الْمِيزَانَ فَاعْتَدَلَ
They said, ‘O king! There is no knowledge for us about this’. Then Al-Khizr-as said to him: ‘O King! You asked them about what there is no knowledge for them of it. I-as have come across this rock’. Zulqarnayn said: ‘Then inform about it, and explain it to us’. Al-Khizr-as grabbed the scale, and placed the rock which Zulqarnayn had come with, in a hand of the scale, then placed another rock in a hand of the other, then placed a handful of soil upon the rock of Zulqarnayn, increasing it in weight. Then he-as raised the scale, and it balanced.
وَ عَجِبُوا وَ خَرُّوا سُجَّداً لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ قَالُوا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ هَذَا أَمْرٌ لَمْ يَبْلُغْهُ عِلْمُنَا وَ إِنَّا لَنَعْلَمُ أَنَّ الْخَضِرَ لَيْسَ بِسَاحِرٍ فَكَيْفَ هَذَا وَ قَدْ وَضَعْنَا مَعَهُ أَلْفَ حَجَرٍ كُلُّهَا مِثْلُهُ فَمَالَ بِهَا وَ هَذَا قَدِ اعْتَدَلَ بِهِ وَ زَادَهُ تُرَاباً
And they were astonished and fell down in Sajdah to Allah-azwj, and they said, ‘O king! This is a matter our knowledge does not reach, and we know that Al-Khizr-as isn’t a sorcerer. So how can this be, and he had placed a thousand stones, all of them similar to it, but it tilted with it, and this has balanced with it, and it has been increased with soil?’
قَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ بَيِّنْ يَا خَضِرُ لَنَا أَمْرَ هَذَا الْحَجَرِ قَالَ الْخَضِرُ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ إِنَّ أَمْرَ اللَّهِ نَافِذٌ فِي عِبَادِهِ وَ سُلْطَانَهُ قَاهِرٌ وَ حُكْمَهُ فَاصِلٌ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ ابْتَلَى عِبَادَهُ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ وَ ابْتَلَى الْعَالِمَ بِالْعَالِمِ وَ الْجَاهِلَ بِالْجَاهِلِ وَ الْعَالِمَ بِالْجَاهِلِ وَ الْجَاهِلَ بِالْعَالِمِ وَ إِنَّهُ ابْتَلَانِي بِكَ وَ ابْتَلَاكَ بِي
Zulqarnayn said: ‘O Khizr-as! For us, there is the matter of this rock’. Al-Khizr-as said: ‘O king! Surely the Command of Allah-azwj will be accomplished among His-azwj servants, and His-azwj Authority will conquer, and His-azwj Wisdom is detailed. And surely Allah-azwj Tries His-azwj servants with each other, and Tries the scholar with a scholar, and the ignorant one with an ignorant one, and the scholar with the ignorant one, and the ignorant one with the scholar, and He-azwj Tried me-as with you, and Tried you with me-as’.
فَقَالَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ يَا خَضِرُ إِنَّمَا تَقُولُ ابْتَلَانِي بِكَ حِينَ جُعِلْتَ أَعْلَمَ مِنِّي وَ جُعِلْتَ تَحْتَ يَدِي أَخْبِرْنِي يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ عَنْ أَمْرِ هَذَا الْحَجَرِ
Zulqarnayn said, ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, O Khizr-as! But rather, you-as are saying He-azwj Tried me with you-as where He-azwj Made you more knowledgeable than me, and Made you-as to be under my hand. Inform me, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, about the matter of this rock’.
فَقَالَ الْخَضِرُ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ إِنَّ هَذَا الْحَجَرَ مَثَلٌ ضَرَبَهُ لَكَ صَاحِبُ الصُّورِ يَقُولُ إِنَّ مَثَلَ بَنِي آدَمَ مَثَلُ هَذَا الْحَجَرِ الَّذِي وُضِعَ وَ وُضِعَ مَعَهُ أَلْفُ حَجَرٍ فَمَالَ بِهَا ثُمَّ إِذَا وُضِعَ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابُ شَبِعَ وَ عَادَ حَجَراً مِثْلَهُ
Al-Khizr-as said: ‘O king! This rock is an example which the owner of the Trumpet stuck for you. He was saying, ‘An example of the children of Adam-as is an example of this rock which you placed, and placed a thousand stones with it, but it tilted with these. Then when the soil was placed upon it, it was satisfied and returned to be a rock the like of it’.
فَيَقُولُ كَذَلِكَ مَثَلُكَ أَعْطَاكَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْمُلْكِ مَا أَعْطَاكَ فَلَمْ تَرْضَ بِهِ حَتَّى طَلَبْتَ أَمْراً لَمْ يَطْلُبْهُ أَبَداً مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكَ وَ دَخَلْتَ مَدْخَلًا لَمْ يَدْخُلْهُ إِنْسٌ وَ لَا جَانٌّ يَقُولُ كَذَلِكَ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَ لَا يَشْبَعُ حَتَّى يُحْثَى عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابُ
He is saying, ‘Similar to that is your example. Allah-azwj Gave you from the kingdom what He-azwj Gave you, but you were not pleased with it until you sought a matter no one had sought it before you, and you entered an entrance neither a human nor Jinn had entered’. He is saying, ‘Similar to that is a son of Adam-as. He is not satisfied until the soil is pushed upon him’.
قَالَ فَبَكَى ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ بُكَاءً شَدِيداً وَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ يَا خَضِرُ يَضْرِبُ لِي هَذَا الْمَثَلَ لَا جَرَمَ أَنِّي لَا أَطْلُبُ أَثَراً فِي الْبِلَادِ بَعْدَ مَسْلَكِي هَذَا
He-asws said: ‘So he (Zulqarnayn) wept with an intense weeping, and said: ‘You-as speak the truth, O Khizr-as! He did strike this example for me. There is no doubt that I will not seek the traces in the city after this travel of mine’.
ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ رَاجِعاً فِي الظٌّلْمَةِ فَبَيْنَا هُمْ يَسِيرُونَ إِذَا سَمِعُوا خَشْخَشَةً تَحْتَ سَنَابِكِ خَيْلِهِمْ فَقَالُوا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ مَا هَذَا فَقَالَ خُذُوا مِنْهُ فَمَنْ أَخَذَ مِنْهُ نَدِمَ وَ مَنْ تَرَكَهُ نَدِمَ فَأَخَذَ بَعْضٌ وَ تَرَكَ بَعْضٌ فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا مِنَ الظُّلْمَةِ إِذَا هُمْ بِالزَّبَرْجَدِ فَنَدِمَ الْآخِذُ وَ التَّارِكُ وَ رَجَعَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِلَى دُومَةِ الْجَنْدَلِ وَ كَانَ بِهَا مَنْزِلُهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بِهَا حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ
Then he left returning into the darkness. While they were travelling, when they heard clinks under the hooves of their horses, and they said, ‘O king! What is this?’ He said, ‘Take from it. The one who takes from it would regret, and one who leaves it would regret’. Some of them took and some left. When they came out from the darkness, they were with the aquamarines, so the taker and the leaver both regretted, (the taker from not having taken enough, and the leaver from not having taken any). And Zulqarnayn returned to Dowmat Al-Jandal (a kingdom), and his house was in it, and he did not cease to be in it until Allah-azwj Captured him to Him-azwj’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ ص إِذَا حَدَّثَ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ أَخِي ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ مَا كَانَ مُخْطِئاً إِذْ سَلَكَ مَا سَلَكَ وَ طَلَبَ مَا طَلَبَ وَ لَوْ ظَفِرَ بِوَادِي الزَّبَرْجَدِ فِي مَذْهَبِهِ لَمَا تَرَكَ فِيهِ شَيْئاً إِلَّا أَخْرَجَهُ إِلَى النَّاسِ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ رَاغِباً وَ لَكِنَّهُ ظَفِرَ بِهِ بَعْدَ مَا رَجَعَ فَقَدْ زَهِدَ
He-asws said: ‘And he-saww, when he-saww narrated with this Hadeeth, said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on my-saww brother Zulqarnayn! He was not mistaken when travelled what he travelled, and sought what he sought, and had he succeeded at the valley of the aquamarines in his sect, when he left something in it, except he would have brought it out for the people because he was desirous, but he (actually) succeeded with it after having returned, and he had become abstemious (from the world afterwards)’’.[31]
30 جَبْرَئِيلُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ عَمِلَ صُنْدُوقاً مِنْ قَوَارِيرَ ثُمَّ حَمَلَ فِي مَسِيرِهِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ رَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ مِنْهُ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ دُلُّونِي فَإِذَا حَرَّكْتُ الْحَبْلَ فَأَخْرِجُونِي فَإِنْ لَمْ أُحَرِّكِ الْحَبْلَ فَأَرْسِلُونِي إِلَى آخِرِهِ
Jibraeel Bin Ahmad,
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Zulqarnayn made a box from glass, then carried in his journey whatever Allah-azwj so Desired. Then he sailed the sea. When he ended up at a place from it, said to his companion: ‘Lower me down, so when I move the rope, then take me out, and if I do not move the rope, then send me to its end’.
فَأَرْسَلُوهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ وَ أَرْسَلُوا الْحَبْلَ مَسِيرَةَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً فَإِذَا ضَارِبٌ يَضْرِبُ حَيْثُ الصُّنْدُوقُ وَ يَقُولُ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ قَالَ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَنْظُرَ إِلَى مُلْكِ رَبِّي فِي الْبَحْرِ كَمَا رَأَيْتُهُ فِي الْبَرِّ
They sent him into the sea and sent the ropes to a travel distance of forty days. There was a striker striking where the box was, and he said, ‘O Zulqarnayn! Where do you intend?’ He said, ‘I want to look at the kingdom of my Lord-azwj is the sea just as I saw it in the land’.
فَقَالَ يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِنَّ هَذَا الْمَوْضِعَ الَّذِي أَنْتَ فِيهِ مَرَّ فِيهِ نُوحٌ زَمَانَ الطُّوفَانِ فَسَقَطَ مِنْهُ قَدُومٌ فَهُوَ يَهْوِي فِي قَعْرِ الْبَحْرِ إِلَى السَّاعَةِ لَمْ يَبْلُغْ قَعْرَهُ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ ذَلِكَ حَرَّكَ الْحَبْلَ وَ خَرَجَ
He said, ‘O Zulqarnayn! This place which you are in, Noah-as passed through it in the time of the flood, and the front part of the ship fell off from it and it is still falling to the bottom of the sea up to this moment not reaching its bottom’. When Zulqarnayn heard that, he moved the rope and came out’’.[32]
31- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع تَغْرُبُ الشَّمْسُ فِي عَيْنٍ حَامِيَةٍ فِي بَحْرٍ دُونَ الْمَدِينَةِ الَّتِي مِمَّا يَلِي الْمَغْرِبَ يَعْنِي جَابَلْقَا
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The suns set in the muddy spring in an ocean besides Al-Medina, which is from what follows the west – meaning Jabalqa’’.[33]
32- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ لَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِها سِتْراً كَذَلِكَ قَالَ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا صَنْعَةَ الْبُيُوتِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: for whom We had not Made a shelter from below it [18:90], like that he-asws said: ‘They did not know (how to) make the houses.
33- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: اجْعَلْ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمْ سَدّاً فَمَا اسْطاعُوا أَنْ يَظْهَرُوهُ وَ مَا اسْتَطاعُوا لَهُ نَقْباً قَالَ هُوَ السَّدُّ التَّقِيَّةُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Jabir,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘you will make a barrier to be (built) between us and them?’ [18:94] ‘So they were neither able to scale it nor were they able to make a hole in it [18:97]’. He-asws said: ‘It is the barrier of Taqiyya’’.[34]
34- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الصَّادِقَ ع عَنْ قَوْلِهِ أَجْعَلْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَ بَيْنَهُمْ رَدْماً قَالَ التَّقِيَّةَ فَمَا اسْطاعُوا أَنْ يَظْهَرُوهُ وَ مَا اسْتَطاعُوا لَهُ نَقْباً قَالَ مَا اسْتَطَاعُوا لَهُ نَقْباً إِذَا عُمِلَ بِالتَّقِيَّةِ لَمْ يَقْدِرُوا فِي ذَلِكَ عَلَى حِيلَةٍ وَ هُوَ الْحِصْنُ الْحَصِينُ وَ صَارَ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ أَعْدَاءِ اللَّهِ سَدّاً لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ لَهُ نَقْباً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Al Mufazzal who said,
‘I asked Al-Sadiq-asws about His-azwj Words: I shall make a fortified barrier to be between you and them [18:95]. He-asws said: ‘The Taqiyya’. (He the narrator said), ‘So they were neither able to scale it nor were they able to make a hole in it [18:97]’. He-asws said: ‘They were not able to make a hole in it, when they worked in the Taqiyya, they will not able during that upon a means (against you all), and it is the fortresses of the fortresses, and would come to be between you and between the enemies of Allah-azwj such a barrier, they will not be able to make a hole in it’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ فَإِذا جاءَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي جَعَلَهُ دَكَّاءَ قَالَ رَفَعَ التَّقِيَّةَ عِنْدَ قِيَامِ الْقَائِمِ فَيَنْتَقِمُ مِنْ أَعْدَاءِ اللَّهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And I asked him-asws about His-azwj Words: ‘but when the Promise of my Lord comes, He will Make it level [18:97]. He-asws said: ‘The Taqiyya would be lifted (no longer needed) during the uncovering, so he (Al-Qaim-asws) would take revenge from the enemies of Allah-azwj’’.[35]
Notes –
سَأَلَ ابْنُ الْكَوَّاءِ عَلِيّاً ع عَنْ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ قَالَ أَ مَلِكٌ أَوْ نَبِيٌّ قَالَ لَا مَلِكٌ وَ لَا نَبِيٌّ كَانَ عَبْداً صَالِحاً ضُرِبَ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ فَمَاتَ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ فَضُرِبَ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ فَمَاتَ فَبَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ فَسُمِّيَ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ فِيكُمْ مِثْلُهُ
Ibn Al Kawa asked Ali-asws about Zulqarnayn and said, ‘Is he a king or a Prophet-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Neither king nor a Prophet-as. He was a righteous servant. He was struck upon his right horn and he died. Then Allah-azwj Resurrected him. He was struck upon his left horn and he died. Allah-azwj Resurrected him. Thus, he was named as Zulqarnayn, and among you all is his example’.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ سُمِّيَ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ لِأَنَّهُ طَافَ قَرْنَيِ الدُّنْيَا يَعْنِي شَرْقَهَا وَ غَرْبَهَا
From the Prophet-saww: ‘He was named as ‘Zulqarnayn’ because because he had gone around the two extremities of the world, meaning its east and its west’.
وَ وَرَدَ فِي الْخَبَرِ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ يَأْجُوجَ وَ مَأْجُوجَ فَقَالَ يَأْجُوجُ أُمَّةٌ وَ مَأْجُوجُ أُمَّةٌ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ أَرْبَعُمِائَةِ أُمَّةٍ لَا يَمُوتُ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى يَنْظُرَ إِلَى أَلْفِ ذَكَرٍ مِنْ صُلْبِهِ كُلٌّ قَدْ حَمَلَ السِّلَاحَ
And it has been referred in the Hadeeth from Huzeyfa who said, ‘I asked Rasool-Allah-saww about Yajouj and Majouj. He-saww said: ‘Yajouj is a community and Majouj is a community. Each community is of four hundred. The man from them does not die until he has looked at a thousand males from his lineage, each one carrying the weapon’.
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صِفْهُمْ لَنَا قَالَ هُمْ ثَلَاثَةُ أَصْنَافٍ صِنْفٌ مِنْهُمْ أَمْثَالُ الْأَرْزِ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ مَا الْأَرْزُ قَالَ شَجَرٌ بِالشَّامِ طَوِيلٌ وَ صِنْفٌ مِنْهُمْ طُولُهُمْ وَ عَرْضُهُمْ سَوَاءٌ وَ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ لَا يَقُومُ لَهُمْ جَبَلٌ وَ لَا حَدِيدٌ
I said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww, describe them to us!’ He-saww said: ‘They are of three types. From them is like ‘Al Arz’. I said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww, and what is ‘Al Arz’?’ He-saww said: ‘A tall tree in Syria; and there is a type of them their heights and their widths are the same, and they are those neither a mountain nor iron can withstand them.
وَ صِنْفٌ مِنْهُمْ يَفْتَرِشُ أَحَدُهُمْ إِحْدَى أُذُنَيْهِ وَ يَلْتَحِفُ بِالْأُخْرَى وَ لَا يَمُرُّونَ بِفِيلٍ وَ لَا وَحْشٍ وَ لَا جَمَلٍ وَ لَا خِنْزِيرٍ إِلَّا أَكَلُوهُ وَ مَنْ مَاتَ مِنْهُمْ أَكَلُوهُ مُقَدِّمَتُهُمْ بِالشَّامِ وَ سَاقَتُهُمْ بِخُرَاسَانَ يَشْرَبُونَ أَنْهَارَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ بُحَيْرَةَ طَبَرِيَّةَ
And there is a type of them, one of them can spread one of his ears and cover with the other. They neither pass by an elephant, nor beast, nor camel, nor pig except they eat it, and the one from them who dies, they eat him. Their vanguard is at Syria and their rear guard is at Khurasan. They drink rivers of the east and the lake of Tiberius’. (non-Shia source)
باب 9 قصص يعقوب و يوسف على نبينا و آله و عليهما الصلاة و السلام
CHAPTER 9 – STORY OF YAQOUB-as, AND YUSUF-as
الآيات البقرة وَ وَصَّى بِها إِبْراهِيمُ بَنِيهِ وَ يَعْقُوبُ يا بَنِيَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفى لَكُمُ الدِّينَ فَلا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Baqarah: And Ibrahim bequeath with it to his sons and (so did) Yaqoub: ‘O my sons! Surely Allah has Chosen for you the Religion, therefore do not be dying unless while you are submitting [2:132]
أَمْ كُنْتُمْ شُهَداءَ إِذْ حَضَرَ يَعْقُوبَ الْمَوْتُ إِذْ قالَ لِبَنِيهِ ما تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ بَعْدِي قالُوا نَعْبُدُ إِلهَكَ وَ إِلهَ آبائِكَ إِبْراهِيمَ وَ إِسْماعِيلَ وَ إِسْحاقَ إِلهاً واحِداً وَ نَحْنُ لَهُ مُسْلِمُونَ
Or! Were you witnesses when death presented to Yaqoub, when he said to his sons: ‘Who will you be worshiping after me’? They said: ‘We will worship your God and the God of your forefathers, Ibrahim and Ismail and Is’haq, one God, and to Him we are submitting [2:133]
آل عمران كُلُّ الطَّعامِ كانَ حِلًّا لِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ إِلَّا ما حَرَّمَ إِسْرائِيلُ عَلى نَفْسِهِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تُنَزَّلَ التَّوْراةُ قُلْ فَأْتُوا بِالتَّوْراةِ فَاتْلُوها إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صادِقِينَ
(Surah) Aal-e-Imraan: All food was Permissible for the Children of Israel except that which Israel had forbidden upon itself from before the Revelation of the Torah. Say: ‘So come with the Torah and recite it, if you are truthful!’ [3:93]
يوسف نَحْنُ نَقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ أَحْسَنَ الْقَصَصِ إلى قوله وَ هُمْ يَمْكُرُونَ
(Surah) Yusuf: We Relate to you the best of stories, by What We Reveal unto you this Quran, and even though you were from before it, of the heedless ones [12:3] – up to His-azwj Words: and they were plotting [12:102]
مريم وَهَبْنا لَهُ إِسْحاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ وَ كُلًّا جَعَلْنا نَبِيًّا
(Surah) Maryam: We Endowed to him Is’haq and Yaqoub, and each one of them We Made a Prophet [19:49].
1- فس، تفسير القمي محمد بن جعفر عن محمد بن أحمد عن علي بن محمد عمن حدثه عن المنقري عن عمرو بن شمر عن إسماعيل بن السندي عن عبد الرحمن بن أسباط القرشي عن جابر بن عبد الله الأنصاري في قول الله إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَباً وَ الشَّمْسَ وَ الْقَمَرَ رَأَيْتُهُمْ لِي ساجِدِينَ قال في تسمية النجوم هو الطارق و حوبان و الذيال و ذو الكتفين و وثاب و قابس و عمودان و فيلق و مصبح و الصرح و الفروغ و الضياء و النور يعني الشمس و القمر و كل هذا النجوم محيطة بالسماء
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: تَأْوِيلُ هَذِهِ الرُّؤْيَا أَنَّهُ سَيَمْلِكُ مِصْرَ وَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ أَبَوَاهُ وَ إِخْوَتُهُ
And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The explanation of the dream is that he-as (Yusuf-as) would be the king of Egypt and his-as parents and his-as brothers would enter to see him-as.
أَمَّا الشَّمْسُ فَأُمُّ يُوسُفَ رَاحِيلُ وَ الْقَمَرُ يَعْقُوبُ وَ أَمَّا أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَباً فَإِخْوَتُهُ فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ سَجَدُوا شُكْراً لِلَّهِ وَحْدَهُ حِينَ نَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ السُّجُودُ لِلَّهِ
As for the sun, it is the mother of Yusuf-as Raheel, and the moon is Yaqoub-as, and as for the eleven stars, his-as brothers. When they entered to see him-as, they prostrated in thanks to Allah-azwj Alone when they looked at him-as, and that was the Sajdah to Allah-azwj’.
قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَحَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ مِنْ خَبَرِ يُوسُفَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَهُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ أَخاً وَ كَانَ لَهُ مِنْ أُمِّهِ أَخٌ وَاحِدٌ يُسَمَّى بِنْيَامِينَ وَ كَانَ يَعْقُوبُ إِسْرَائِيلَ اللَّهِ وَ مَعْنَى إِسْرَائِيلِ اللَّهِ أَيْ خَالِصُ اللَّهِ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ ابْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ
Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘It was narrated to me by my father, from Amro Bin Shim, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘It is from the news of Yusuf-as that there were eleven brothers for him-as, and there was for him-as one brothers from his-as mother called Benyamin. And Yaqoub-as was ‘Israeel Allah’ – and the meaning of ‘Israeel Allah’ is sincere to Allah-azwj – son-as of Is’haq, Prophet-as of Allah-azwj, son-as of Ibrahim-as Friend of Allah-azwj.
فَرَأَى يُوسُفُ هَذِهِ الرُّؤْيَا وَ لَهُ تِسْعُ سِنِينَ فَقَصَّهَا عَلَى أَبِيهِ فَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ يا بُنَيَّ لا تَقْصُصْ رُؤْياكَ عَلى إِخْوَتِكَ فَيَكِيدُوا لَكَ كَيْداً إِنَّ الشَّيْطانَ لِلْإِنْسانِ عَدُوٌّ مُبِينٌ قَوْلُهُ فَيَكِيدُوا لَكَ كَيْداً أَيْ يَحْتَالُوا عَلَيْكَ
Yusuf-as saw this dream when he-as was nine years old and he-as related to his-as father-as. Yaqoub-as said: ‘O my son! Do not narrate your dream to your brothers, so they would plot a plot against you; surely the Satan is a clear enemy to the humans’ [12:5]. His-azwj Words: so they would plot a plot against you – i.e. they will swindle you-as.
فَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ لِيُوسُفَ وَ كَذلِكَ يَجْتَبِيكَ رَبُّكَ وَ يُعَلِّمُكَ مِنْ تَأْوِيلِ الْأَحادِيثِ وَ يُتِمُّ نِعْمَتَهُ عَلَيْكَ وَ عَلى آلِ يَعْقُوبَ كَما أَتَمَّها عَلى أَبَوَيْكَ مِنْ قَبْلُ إِبْراهِيمَ وَ إِسْحاقَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
Yaqoub-as said to Yusuf-as: And like that your Lord Chose you and Taught you from the interpretation of the events and Complete His Favour upon you and upon the Progeny of Yaqoub just as He Completed it upon your fathers from before, Ibrahim and Is’haq. Surely your Lord is Knowing, Wise [12:6]
وَ كَانَ يُوسُفُ مِنْ أَحْسَنِ النَّاسِ وَجْهاً وَ كَانَ يَعْقُوبُ يُحِبُّهُ وَ يُؤْثِرُهُ عَلَى أَوْلَادِهِ فَحَسَدُوهُ إِخْوَتُهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ قَالُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ مَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِذْ قالُوا لَيُوسُفُ وَ أَخُوهُ أَحَبُّ إِلى أَبِينا مِنَّا وَ نَحْنُ عُصْبَةٌ أَيْ جَمَاعَةٌ إِنَّ أَبانا لَفِي ضَلالٍ مُبِينٍ
And Yusuf-as was of the most beautiful of faces of the people, and Yaqoub-as loved him-as and preferred him-as over his-as (other) children. So, his-as brothers envied him-as upon that, and they said regarding what is between them is what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Related: When they said: ‘Yusuf and his brother are more beloved to our father than us in prejudice – i.e., as a group, Surely, our father is in clear error [12:8].
فَعَمَدُوا عَلَى قَتْلِ يُوسُفَ فَقَالُوا نَقْتُلُهُ حَتَّى يَخْلُوَ لَنَا وَجْهُ أَبِينَا فَقَالَ لَاوَى لَا يَجُوزُ قَتْلُهُ وَ لَكِنْ نُغَيِّبُهُ عَنْ أَبِينَا وَ نَحْنُ نَخْلُو بِهِ فَقَالُوا كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ يا أَبانا ما لَكَ لا تَأْمَنَّا عَلى يُوسُفَ وَ إِنَّا لَهُ لَناصِحُونَ أَرْسِلْهُ مَعَنا غَداً يَرْتَعْ وَ يَلْعَبْ أَيْ يَرْعَى الْغَنَمَ وَ يَلْعَبُ وَ إِنَّا لَهُ لَحافِظُونَ
They deliberated upon killing Yusuf-as and they said, ‘We shall kill him-as until the face of our father-as is vacant for us’. Lawy (a brother), said, ‘Killing him-as is not allowed, but we can make him disappear from our father-as and we will be alone with him-as’, and they said just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Related: They said, ‘O our father! What is the matter with you that you do not trust us with Yusuf, and we are his well-wishers? [12:11] Send him with us tomorrow. He will enjoy and play, and we would be his protectors’ [12:12].
فَأَجْرَى اللَّهُ عَلَى لِسَانِ يَعْقُوبَ إِنِّي لَيَحْزُنُنِي أَنْ تَذْهَبُوا بِهِ وَ أَخافُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَهُ الذِّئْبُ وَ أَنْتُمْ عَنْهُ غافِلُونَ فَقَالُوا كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ لَئِنْ أَكَلَهُ الذِّئْبُ وَ نَحْنُ عُصْبَةٌ إِنَّا إِذاً لَخاسِرُونَ الْعُصْبَةُ عَشَرَةٌ إِلَى ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ
Allah-azwj Caused it to flow upon the tongue of Yaqoub: ‘It grieves me that you would go with him and I fear that the wolf devours him while you are heedless from him’ [12:13]. They said just as Allah-azwj Related: They said, ‘If the wolf devours him and we are a group, then we would be losers’ [12:14]. The ‘group’ is ten to thirteen.
فَلَمَّا ذَهَبُوا بِهِ وَ أَجْمَعُوا أَنْ يَجْعَلُوهُ فِي غَيابَتِ الْجُبِّ وَ أَوْحَيْنا إِلَيْهِ لَتُنَبِّئَنَّهُمْ بِأَمْرِهِمْ هذا وَ هُمْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ أَيْ تُخْبِرُهُمْ بِمَا هَمُّوا بِهِ
So, when they went with him, and they had formed a consensus that they would be putting him into the bottom of the well, and We Revealed unto him: “You will be informing them of this matter of theirs while they would not be realising [12:15] – i.e. you-as will inform them with what they are plotting with’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ لَتُنَبِّئَنَّهُمْ بِأَمْرِهِمْ هذا وَ هُمْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ يَقُولُ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ أَنَّكَ أَنْتَ يُوسُفُ أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ
And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: “You will be informing them of this matter of theirs while they would not be realising [12:15] – He-azwj is Saying: “They are not realising that you-as are Yusuf-as’. Jibraeel-as came to him-as informing him-as of that’’.[36]
Notes –
وَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ: الْكَرِيمُ ابْنُ الْكَرِيمِ ابْنِ الْكَرِيمِ ابْنِ الْكَرِيمِ يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
And in the Hadeeth, the Prophet-saww said: ‘The benevolent son of the benevolent son of the benevolent, son of the benevolent is Yusuf– Bin Yaqoub Bin Is’haq Bin Ibrahim-as’.
وَ رَوَى ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ فِي كِتَابِ النُّبُوَّةِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ كَانَ أَوْلَادُ يَعْقُوبَ أَنْبِيَاءَ فَقَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا أَسْبَاطاً أَوْلَادَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ لَمْ يُفَارِقُوا الدُّنْيَا إِلَّا سُعَدَاءَ تَابُوا وَ تَذَكَّرُوا مَا صَنَعُوا
And it is reported by Ibn Babuwayh in ‘Kitab Al Nabuwwa’, by his chain from Ibn Bazie, from Hanan Bin Sadeyr who said, ‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws. ‘Were the children of Yaqoub-as Prophets-as?’ He-asws said: ‘No, but they were tribes of children of Prophets-as, and they did not depart from the world except as fortunate. They repented and remembered what they had done’.
روي عن النبي ص أنه قال لا تلقنوا الكذب فتكذبوا فإن بني يعقوب لم يعلموا أن الذئب يأكل الإنسان حتى لقنهم أبوهم
It is reported from the Prophet-saww, he-saww said: ‘Do not indoctrinate (spread) lies, for you will be belied, for the sons of Yaqoub-as did not know that the wolf eats a human being until their father-as suggested it to them’.
2- فس، تفسير القمي قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَقَالَ لَاوَى أَلْقُوهُ فِي هَذَا الْجُبِّ يَلْتَقِطْهُ بَعْضُ السَّيَّارَةِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ فَاعِلِينَ فَأَدْنَوْهُ مِنْ رَأْسِ الْجُبِّ فَقَالُوا لَهُ انْزِعْ قَمِيصَكَ فَبَكَى فَقَالَ يَا إِخْوَتِي تُجَرِّدُونِّي فَسَلَّ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ عَلَيْهِ السِّكِّينَ فَقَالَ لَئِنْ لَمْ تَنْزِعْهُ لَأَقْتُلَنَّكَ فَنَزَعَهُ فَدَلَّوْهُ فِي الْيَمِ وَ تَنَحَّوْا عَنْهُ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ فِي الْجُبِّ يَا إِلَهَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ ارْحَمْ ضَعْفِي وَ قِلَّةَ حِيلَتِي وَ صِغَرِي فَنَزَلَتْ سَيَّارَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مِصْرَ فَبَعَثُوا رَجُلًا لِيَسْتَقِيَ لَهُمُ الْمَاءَ مِنَ الْجُبِّ فَلَمَّا أَدْلَى الدَّلْوَ عَلَى يُوسُفَ تَشَبَّثَ بِالدَّلْوِ فَجَرُّوهُ فَنَظَرُوا إِلَى غُلَامٍ مِنْ أَحْسَنِ النَّاسِ وَجْهاً فَعَدَوْا إِلَى صَاحِبِهِمْ فَقَالُوا يا بُشْرى هذا غُلامٌ فَنُخْرِجُهُ وَ نَبِيعُهُ وَ نَجْعَلُهُ بِضَاعَةً لَنَا فَبَلَغَ إِخْوَتَهُ فَجَاءُوا فَقَالُوا هَذَا عَبْدٌ لَنَا أَبَقَ ثُمَّ قَالُوا لِيُوسُفَ لَئِنْ لَمْ تُقِرَّ بِالْعُبُودِيَّةِ لَنَقْتُلَنَّكَ فَقَالَتِ السَّيَّارَةُ لِيُوسُفَ مَا تَقُولُ قَالَ أَنَا عَبْدُهُمْ فَقَالَتِ السَّيَّارَةُ فَتَبِيعُوهُ مِنَّا قَالُوا نَعَمْ فَبَاعُوهُ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَحْمِلُوهُ إِلَى مِصْرَ وَ شَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ دَراهِمَ مَعْدُودَةٍ وَ كانُوا فِيهِ مِنَ الزَّاهِدِينَ قَالَ الَّذِي بِيعَ بِهَا يُوسُفُ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ دِرْهَماً وَ كَانَ عِنْدَهُمْ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ وَ كانُوا فِيهِ مِنَ الزَّاهِدِينَ
أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ شَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ دَراهِمَ مَعْدُودَةٍ قَالَ كَانَتْ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَماً وَ الْبَخْسُ النَّقْصُ وَ هِيَ قِيمَةُ كَلْبِ الصَّيْدِ إِذَا قُتِلَ كَانَ قِيمَتُهُ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَماً
We are informed by Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Isa, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad bin Abu Nasr,
‘From Al-Reza-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: And they sold him cheaply for a number of Dirhams, [12:20], he-asws said: ‘It was twenty Dirhams, and the cheaply [12:20] – is the reduced. And it was the price of the hunted dog, when it dies, its compensation used to be twenty Dirhams’’.[37]
3- فس، تفسير القمي وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ جاؤُ عَلى قَمِيصِهِ بِدَمٍ كَذِبٍ قَالَ إِنَّهُمْ ذَبَحُوا جَدْياً عَلَى قَمِيصِهِ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And they came with his shirt with false blood on it. [12:18], he-asws said: ‘They had slaughtered an animal upon his-as shirt’’.[38]
وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ رَجَعَ إِخْوَتُهُ وَ قَالُوا نَعْمِدُ إِلَى قَمِيصِهِ فَنُلَطِّخُهُ بِالدَّمِ فَنَقُولُ لِأَبِينَا إِنَّ الذِّئْبَ أَكَلَهُ فَلَمَّا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَهُمْ لَاوَى يَا قَوْمِ أَ لَسْنَا بَنِي يَعْقُوبَ إِسْرَائِيلِ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ أَ فَتَظُنُّونَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَكْتُمُ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ عَنْ أَنْبِيَائِهِ- فَقَالُوا وَ مَا الْحِيلَةُ قَالَ نَقُومُ وَ نَغْتَسِلُ وَ نُصَلِّي جَمَاعَةً وَ نَتَضَرَّعُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَنْ يَكْتُمَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَبِينَا فَإِنَّهُ جَوَادٌ كَرِيمٌ فَقَامُوا وَ اغْتَسَلُوا وَ كَانَ فِي سُنَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يُصَلُّونَ جَمَاعَةً حَتَّى يَبْلُغُوا أَحَدَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا فَيَكُونُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ إِمَامَ عَشَرَةٍ يُصَلُّونَ خَلْفَهُ فَقَالُوا كَيْفَ نَصْنَعُ وَ لَيْسَ لَنَا إِمَامٌ فَقَالَ لَاوَى نَجْعَلُ اللَّهَ إِمَامَنَا فَصَلَّوْا وَ بَكَوْا وَ تَضَرَّعُوا وَ قَالُوا يَا رَبِّ اكْتُمْ عَلَيْنَا هَذَا ثُمَّ جَاءُوا إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ عِشاءً يَبْكُونَ وَ مَعَهُمُ الْقَمِيصُ قَدْ لَطَّخُوهُ بِالدَّمِ فَ قالُوا يا أَبانا إِنَّا ذَهَبْنا نَسْتَبِقُ أَيْ نَعْدُو وَ تَرَكْنا يُوسُفَ عِنْدَ مَتاعِنا فَأَكَلَهُ الذِّئْبُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ عَلى ما تَصِفُونَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ مَا كَانَ أَشَدَّ غَضَبَ ذَلِكَ الذِّئْبِ عَلَى يُوسُفَ وَ أَشْفَقَهُ عَلَى قَمِيصِهِ حَيْثُ أَكَلَ يُوسُفَ وَ لَمْ يَمْزِقْ قَمِيصَهُ قَالَ فَحَمَلُوا يُوسُفَ إِلَى مِصْرَ وَ بَاعُوهُ مِنْ عَزِيزِ مِصْرَ فَقَالَ الْعَزِيزُ لِامْرَأَتِهِ أَكْرِمِي مَثْواهُ أَيْ مَكَانَهُ عَسى أَنْ يَنْفَعَنا أَوْ نَتَّخِذَهُ وَلَداً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلَدٌ فَأَكْرَمُوهُ وَ رَبَّوْهُ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ هَوَتْهُ امْرَأَةُ الْعَزِيزِ وَ كَانَتْ لَا تَنْظُرُ إِلَى يُوسُفَ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَّا هَوَتْهُ وَ لَا رَجُلٌ إِلَّا أَحَبَّهُ وَ كَانَ وَجْهُهُ مِثْلَ الْقَمَرِ لَيْلَةَ الْبَدْرِ فَرَاوَدَتْهُ امْرَأَةُ الْعَزِيزِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ وَ راوَدَتْهُ الَّتِي هُوَ فِي بَيْتِها عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ غَلَّقَتِ الْأَبْوابَ وَ قالَتْ هَيْتَ لَكَ قالَ مَعاذَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ رَبِّي أَحْسَنَ مَثْوايَ إِنَّهُ لا يُفْلِحُ الظَّالِمُونَ فَمَا زَالَتْ تَخْدَعُهُ حَتَّى كَانَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ لَقَدْ هَمَّتْ بِهِ وَ هَمَّ بِها لَوْ لا أَنْ رَأى بُرْهانَ رَبِّهِ فَقَامَتِ امْرَأَةُ الْعَزِيزِ وَ غَلَّقَتِ الْأَبْوابَ فَلَمَّا هَمَّا رَأَى يُوسُفُ صُورَةَ يَعْقُوبَ فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْبَيْتِ عَاضّاً عَلَى إِصْبَعِهِ يَقُولُ يَا يُوسُفُ أَنْتَ فِي السَّمَاءِ مَكْتُوبٌ فِي النَّبِيِّينَ وَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُكْتَبَ فِي الْأَرْضِ مِنَ الزُّنَاةِ فَعَلِمَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَخْطَأَ وَ تَعَدَّى
وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ لَمَّا هَمَّتْ بِهِ وَ هَمَّ بِهَا قَامَتْ إِلَى صَنَمٍ فِي بَيْتِهَا فَأَلْقَتْ عَلَيْهِ مُلَاءَةً لَهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا يُوسُفُ مَا تَعْمَلِينَ فَقَالَتْ أُلْقِي عَلَى هَذَا الصَّنَمِ ثَوْباً لَا يَرَانَا فَإِنِّي أَسْتَحْيِي مِنْهُ
And it is narrated to me by my father, from one of his men raising it, said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When she though of him and he-as thought of her, she stood to an idol in her room and threw a sheet of hers upon it. Yusuf-as said to her: ‘What are you doing?’ She said, ‘I am casting a cloth upon this idol so it will not see us, for I am embarrassed from it!’
فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ أَنْتِ تَسْتَحْيِينَ مِنْ صَنَمٍ لَا يَسْمَعُ وَ لَا يُبْصِرُ وَ لَا أَسْتَحْيِي أَنَا مِنْ رَبِّي
Yusuf-as said: ‘You are embarrassed from an idol which can neither hear, nor see, and I-as should not be embarrassed from my-as Lord-azwj?’
فَوَثَبَ وَ عَدَا وَ عَدَتْ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ وَ أَدْرَكَهُمَا الْعَزِيزُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْحَالَةِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ وَ اسْتَبَقَا الْبابَ وَ قَدَّتْ قَمِيصَهُ مِنْ دُبُرٍ وَ أَلْفَيا سَيِّدَها لَدَى الْبابِ فَبَادَرَتِ امْرَأَةُ الْعَزِيزِ فَقَالَتْ لِلْعَزِيزِ ما جَزاءُ مَنْ أَرادَ بِأَهْلِكَ سُوءاً إِلَّا أَنْ يُسْجَنَ أَوْ عَذابٌ أَلِيمٌ
He-as leapt up and ran, and she ran behind him-as and the ruler came across them being upon this state, and it is the Word of Allah-azwj: And they both raced to the door, and she tore his shirt from behind and they met her Master near the door [12:25]. The wife of the ruler said to the ruler: ‘What is the recompense of one who intends evil with your wife, except that he should be imprisoned or a painful punishment?’ [12:25].
فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ لِلْعَزِيزِ هِيَ راوَدَتْنِي عَنْ نَفْسِي وَ شَهِدَ شاهِدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِها فَأَلْهَمَ اللَّهُ يُوسُفَ أَنْ قَالَ لِلْمَلِكِ سَلْ هَذَا الصَّبِيَّ فِي الْمَهْدِ فَإِنَّهُ يَشْهَدُ أَنَّهَا رَاوَدَتْنِي عَنْ نَفْسِي فَقَالَ الْعَزِيزُ لِلصَّبِيِّ فَأَنْطَقَ اللَّهُ الصَّبِيَّ فِي الْمَهْدِ لِيُوسُفَ حَتَّى قَالَ إِنْ كانَ قَمِيصُهُ قُدَّ مِنْ قُبُلٍ فَصَدَقَتْ وَ هُوَ مِنَ الْكاذِبِينَ وَ إِنْ كانَ قَمِيصُهُ قُدَّ مِنْ دُبُرٍ فَكَذَبَتْ وَ هُوَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ
Yusuf-as said to the ruler: ‘She seduced me about myself’, and a witness from her family testified [12:26]. Allah-azwj Inspired Yusuf-as to say to the king: ‘As this child in the cradle for he will testify that she had seduced me of myself’. The ruler spoke to the child. Allah-azwj Caused the child to speak in the cradle for Yusuf-as until it said: if his shirt was torn from the front, then she speaks the truth and he is from the liars [12:26] And if his shirt was torn from behind, then she is lying and he is from the truthful ones [12:27].
فَلَمَّا رَأَى الْعَزِيزُ قَمِيصَ يُوسُفَ قَدْ تَخَرَّقَ مِنْ دُبُرٍ قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ إِنَّهُ مِنْ كَيْدِكُنَّ إِنَّ كَيْدَكُنَّ عَظِيمٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِيُوسُفَ أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هذا وَ اسْتَغْفِرِي لِذَنْبِكِ إِنَّكِ كُنْتِ مِنَ الْخاطِئِينَ
When the ruler saw the shirt of Yusuf to have been torn from the back, he said to his wife: So, when he saw his shirt torn from behind, he said, ‘It is from your plots. Surely your plot is grievous [12:28]. Then he said to Yusuf-as: Yusuf! Turn aside from this one, and you (my wife) should seek Forgiveness for your sin. Surely you are from the sinners’ [12:29].
وَ شَاعَ الْخَبَرُ بِمِصْرَ وَ جَعَلَتِ النِّسَاءُ يَتَحَدَّثْنَ بِحَدِيثِهَا- وَ يَعْذِلْنَهَا وَ يَذْكُرْنَهَا وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ وَ قالَ نِسْوَةٌ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ امْرَأَتُ الْعَزِيزِ تُراوِدُ فَتاها عَنْ نَفْسِهِ
And the news spread in Egypt, and the women went on to discuss her narration, blaming her and mentioning her, and it is His-azwj Word: And women in the city said, ‘The chief’s wife seduced her (slave) youth about himself [12:30].
فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ امْرَأَةَ الْعَزِيزِ فَبَعَثَتْ إِلَى كُلِّ امْرَأَةٍ رَئِيسَةٍ فَجَمَعَتْهُنَ فِي مَنْزِلِهَا وَ هَيَّأَتْ لَهُنَّ مَجْلِساً وَ دَفَعَتْ إِلَى كُلِّ امْرَأَةٍ أُتْرُجَّةً وَ سِكِّيناً فَقَالَتِ اقْطَعْنَ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ لِيُوسُفَ اخْرُجْ عَلَيْهِنَّ وَ كَانَ فِي بَيْتٍ فَخَرَجَ يُوسُفُ عَلَيْهِنَّ فَلَمَّا نَظَرْنَ إِلَيْهِ أَقْبَلْنَ يَقْطَعْنَ أَيْدِيَهُنَّ
That reached the wife of the ruler. She sent for every chieftess woman and gathered them in her house, and prepared a gathering for them and handed a citron and a knife. She said, ‘Cut these!’ Then she said to Yusuf-as, ‘Come out to them’, and he was in a room. Yusuf-as emerged to them. When they looked at him-as, they went on to cut their own hands.
وَ قُلْنَ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَتْ بِمَكْرِهِنَّ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِنَّ وَ أَعْتَدَتْ لَهُنَّ مُتَّكَأً أَيْ أُتْرُجَّةً وَ آتَتْ وَ أَعْطَتْ كُلَّ واحِدَةٍ مِنْهُنَّ سِكِّيناً وَ قالَتِ اخْرُجْ عَلَيْهِنَّ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَهُ أَكْبَرْنَهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ إِنْ هذا إِلَّا مَلَكٌ كَرِيمٌ
And they said like, what Allah Mighty and Majestic has Narrated: So when she heard of their slyness, she sent for them and prepared for them a couch i.e., a citron, and she came – and gave each one of them a knife and said, ‘Come out to them!’ So when they saw him, they deemed him great and cut their hands and said, ‘Being flawless is for Allah! This is not a human. He is not but a noble Angel’ [12:31].
فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَةُ الْعَزِيزِ فَذلِكُنَّ الَّذِي لُمْتُنَّنِي فِيهِ فِي حُبِّهِ وَ لَقَدْ راوَدْتُهُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ أَيْ دَعَوْتُهُ فَاسْتَعْصَمَ أَيْ امْتَنَعَ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ وَ لَئِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ما آمُرُهُ لَيُسْجَنَنَّ وَ لَيَكُوناً مِنَ الصَّاغِرِينَ
The wife of the ruler said: She said, ‘So that is the one whom you were accusing me for, – regarding his-as love – and I had seduced him about himself, – invited him-as – but he preserved, – i.e., he refused. Then she said: and if he does not do what I order him to, he would be imprisoned and become from the belilttled ones [12:32].
فَمَا أَمْسَى يُوسُفُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْبَيْتِ حَتَّى بَعَثَتْ إِلَيْهِ كُلُّ امْرَأَةٍ رَأَتْهُ تَدْعُوهُ إِلَى نَفْسِهَا فَضَجِرَ يُوسُفُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ رَبِّ السِّجْنُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا يَدْعُونَنِي إِلَيْهِ وَ إِلَّا تَصْرِفْ عَنِّي كَيْدَهُنَّ أَصْبُ إِلَيْهِنَّ وَ أَكُنْ مِنَ الْجاهِلِينَ فَاسْتَجابَ لَهُ رَبُّهُ فَصَرَفَ عَنْهُ كَيْدَهُنَ أَيْ حِيلَتَهُنَ أَصْبُ إِلَيْهِنَ أَيْ أَمِيلُ إِلَيْهِنَّ وَ أَمَرَتِ امْرَأَةُ الْعَزِيزِ بِحَبْسِهِ فَحُبِسَ فِي السِّجْنِ
Yusuf-as had not come to the evening in that house until every woman who had seen him sent a message to him, inviting him to herself. Yusuf-as became distressed in that house. He-as said: ‘Lord! The prison is more beloved to me than what they are calling me to, and if You don’t Turn their plots away from me, I might incline towards them and become from the ignorant ones’ [12:33] So his Lord Answered to Him and Turned their plots away from it [12:34] – i.e., their trickery – I might incline towards them; and the wife of the ruler ordered with having him imprisoned, so he-as was imprisoned in the prison’.
4- فس، تفسير القمي وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ ثُمَّ بَدا لَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما رَأَوُا الْآياتِ لَيَسْجُنُنَّهُ حَتَّى حِينٍ فَالْآيَاتُ شَهَادَةُ الصَّبِيِّ وَ الْقَمِيصُ الْمُخَرَّقُ مِنْ دُبُرٍ وَ اسْتِبَاقُهُمَا الْبَابَ حَتَّى سَمِعَ مُجَاذَبَتَهَا إِيَّاهُ عَلَى الْبَابِ فَلَمَّا عَصَاهَا لَمْ تَزَلْ مُولَعَةً لِزَوْجِهَا حَتَّى حَبَسَهُ وَ دَخَلَ مَعَهُ السِّجْنَ فَتَيانِ يَقُولُ عَبْدَانِ لِلْمَلِكِ- أَحَدُهُمَا خَبَّازُهُ وَ الْآخَرُ صَاحِبُ الشَّرَابِ وَ الَّذِي كَذَبَ وَ لَمْ يَرَ الْمَنَامَ هُوَ الْخَبَّازُ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: Then it seemed to them after they had seen the signs, to imprison him for a while [12:35]: ‘The signs – testimony of the child, and the shirt torn from the back, and both their rushing towards the door to the extent that her seducing him-as was heard at the door. But when he-as disobeyed her, she did not stop pressing her husband until he imprisoned him-as, And two youths entered the prison with him [12:36]. Two slaves of the king. One of them was a baker, and the other in charge of the vineyard. And the one who lied and had not seen a dream was the baker’’.[39]
5- فس، تفسير القمي قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ وَكَّلَ الْمَلِكُ بِيُوسُفَ رَجُلَيْنِ يَحْفَظَانِهِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ السِّجْنَ قَالُوا لَهُ مَا صِنَاعَتُكَ قَالَ أَعْبُرُ الرُّؤْيَا فَرَأَى أَحَدُ الْمُوَكَّلَينِ فِي نَوْمِهِ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ أَعْصِرُ خَمْراً قَالَ يُوسُفُ تَخْرُجُ مِنَ السِّجْنِ وَ تَصِيرُ عَلَى شَرَابِ الْمَلِكِ وَ تَرْتَفِعُ مَنْزِلَتُكَ عِنْدَهُ وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ إِنِّي أَرانِي أَحْمِلُ فَوْقَ رَأْسِي خُبْزاً تَأْكُلُ الطَّيْرُ مِنْهُ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ رَأَى ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ أَنْتَ يَقْتُلُكَ الْمَلِكُ وَ يَصْلِبُكَ وَ تَأْكُلُ الطَّيْرُ مِنْ دِمَاغِكَ فَجَحَدَ الرَّجُلُ وَ قَالَ إِنِّي لَمْ أَرَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ يا صاحِبَيِ السِّجْنِ أَمَّا أَحَدُكُما فَيَسْقِي رَبَّهُ خَمْراً وَ أَمَّا الْآخَرُ فَيُصْلَبُ فَتَأْكُلُ الطَّيْرُ مِنْ رَأْسِهِ قُضِيَ الْأَمْرُ الَّذِي فِيهِ تَسْتَفْتِيانِ
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ إِنَّا نَراكَ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ قَالَ كَانَ يَقُومُ عَلَى الْمَرِيضِ وَ يَلْتَمِسُ الْمُحْتَاجَ وَ يُوَسِّعُ عَلَى الْمَحْبُوسِ
Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: we see you to be from the good doers’ [12:36]: ‘He-as used to stand up (caring) for the sick, and sought (helped) the needy, and extended (space) for the imprisoned’.
فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ مَنْ رَأَى فِي نَوْمِهِ أَنْ يَعْصِرَ خَمْراً الْخُرُوجَ مِنَ الْحَبْسِ قَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ اذْكُرْنِي عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ فَكَانَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَأَنْساهُ الشَّيْطانُ ذِكْرَ رَبِّهِ
When he intended – one who had seen in his dream pressing wine – the exit from the prison, Yusuf-as said to him: ‘Mention me to your master’ [12:42], so it happened just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: But the satan made him forget mentioning to his master [12:42]
أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ الْعَقَرْقُوفِيِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ يُوسُفَ أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا يُوسُفُ إِنَّ رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ مَنْ جَعَلَكَ أَحْسَنَ خَلْقِهِ قَالَ فَصَاحَ وَ وَضَعَ خَدَّهُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ
We are informed by Al Hassan Bin Ali, from his father, from Ismail bin Umar, from Shuayb Al Aqarquqy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Yusuf-as, Jibraeel-as came to him-as and said to him-as: ‘O Yusuf-as! The Lord-azwj of the worlds Conveys you-as the Greetings and is Saying to you-as: “Who Made you-as the most handsome of His-azwj creatures?” He-asws said: ‘He-as shrieked and placed his-as cheek upon the ground, then said: ‘You-azwj, O Lord-azwj!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ مَنْ حَبَّبَكَ إِلَى أَبِيكَ دُونَ إِخْوَتِكَ قَالَ فَصَاحَ وَ وَضَعَ خَدَّهُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ وَ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ
Then he-as said to him-as: ‘And He-azwj is Saying to you-as: “Who Made you-as to be more beloved to your-as father-as apart from your-as brothers?” He-asws said: ‘He-as wailed and placed his-as cheek upon the ground, and said: ‘You-azwj, O Lord-azwj!”
قَالَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ مَنْ أَخْرَجَكَ مِنَ الْجُبِّ بَعْدَ أَنْ طُرِحْتَ فِيهَا وَ أَيْقَنْتَ بِالْهَلَكَةِ قَالَ فَصَاحَ وَ وَضَعَ خَدَّهُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ
He-as said: ‘And He-azwj is Saying to you-as: “And Who Took you-as out from the well after being thrown into it, and you-as were convinced of the destruction?’ He-asws said: ‘He-as wailed and placed his-as cheek upon the ground, then said: ‘You-azwj, O Lord-azwj!”
قَالَ فَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ قَدْ جَعَلَ لَكَ عُقُوبَةً فِي اسْتِغَاثَتِكَ بِغَيْرِهِ فَالْبَثْ فِي السِّجْنِ بِضْعَ سِنِينَ
He-as said: ‘Your-as Lord-azwj has Made for you-as a Punishment due to your-as seeking for help from other than Him-azwj. and he remained in the prison for some years [12:42]’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا انْقَضَتِ الْمُدَّةُ وَ أَذِنَ اللَّهُ لَهُ فِي دُعَاءِ الْفَرَجِ وَضَعَ خَدَّهُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَتْ ذُنُوبِي قَدْ أَخْلَقَتْ وَجْهِي عِنْدَكَ فَإِنِّي أَتَوَجَّهُ إِلَيْكَ بِوَجْهِ آبَائِيَ الصَّالِحِينَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ فَفَرَّجَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
He-asws said: ‘When the term expired, and Allah-azwj Permitted for him-as the supplication for the relief (دعاء الفرج). he-as placed his-as cheek upon the ground, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! If there were sins upon me-as, so I-as have bowed my-as head in Your-azwj Presence, so I-as hereby divert myself-as towards You-azwj by the Face (sake) of my-as righteous forefathers-as, Ibrahim-as, and Ismail-as, and Is’haq-as, and Yaqoub-as’. Allah-azwj Relieved him-as’.
قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَ نَدْعُو نَحْنُ بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ فَقَالَ ادْعُ بِمِثْلِهِ
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Shall I (also) supplicate with this supplication?’ He-asws said: ‘Supplicate with the like of it,
اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَتْ ذُنُوبِي قَدْ أَخْلَقَتْ وَجْهِي عِنْدَكَ فَإِنِّي أَتَوَجَّهُ إِلَيْكَ بِنَبِيِّكَ نَبِيِّ الرَّحْمَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ الْأَئِمَّةِ ع
‘O Allah-azwj! If there were sins upon me, so I have bowed my face in Your-azwj Presence. I divert myself to You-azwj by Your-azwj Prophet-saww, a Prophet-saww of Mercy, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan -asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and the Imams-asws.[40]
6- فس، تفسير القمي قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمَلِكَ رَأَى رُؤْيَا فَقَالَ لِوُزَرَائِهِ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ فِي نَوْمِي سَبْعَ بَقَراتٍ سِمانٍ يَأْكُلُهُنَّ سَبْعٌ عِجافٌ أَيْ مَهَازِيلُ وَ رَأَيْتُ سَبْعَ سُنْبُلاتٍ خُضْرٍ وَ أُخَرَ يابِساتٍ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – Then Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘Then the king saw a dream and said to his ministers, ‘And the king said, ‘I saw (in my dream) seven fat cows which seven lean ones devoured; and seven green ears (of corn) and (seven) others dried out. [12:43]
وَ قَرَأَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع سَبْعَ سَنَابِلَ خُضْرٍ
And Abu Abdullah-asws recited it as: Seven green corn [12:46]
ثُمَّ قَالَ يا أَيُّهَا الْمَلَأُ أَفْتُونِي فِي رُءْيايَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لِلرُّءْيا تَعْبُرُونَ فَلَمْ يَعْرِفُوا تَأْوِيلَ ذَلِكَ فَذَكَرَ الَّذِي كَانَ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْمَلِكِ رُؤْيَاهُ الَّتِي رَآهَا وَ ذَكَرَ يُوسُفَ بَعْدَ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ وَ قالَ الَّذِي نَجا مِنْهُما وَ ادَّكَرَ بَعْدَ أُمَّةٍ أَيْ بَعْدَ حِينٍ أَنَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِتَأْوِيلِهِ فَأَرْسِلُونِ
Then he said, O chiefs! Give me a verdict regarding my dream if you are interpreters of the dreams’ [12:43]. But, they did not recognise the interpretation of that. Then, the one whose dream which he had seen remembered, and he remembered Yusuf-as after seven years, it is His-azwj Word: And one of the two (prisoners) he who had been freed remembered after a long time and said, ‘I will inform you of its interpretation, therefore send me forth [12:45].
فَجَاءَ إِلَى يُوسُفَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا الصِّدِّيقُ أَفْتِنا فِي سَبْعِ بَقَراتٍ سِمانٍ يَأْكُلُهُنَّ سَبْعٌ عِجافٌ وَ سَبْعِ سُنْبُلاتٍ خُضْرٍ وَ أُخَرَ يابِساتٍ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ تَزْرَعُونَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ دَأَباً أَيْ وَلْياً فَما حَصَدْتُمْ فَذَرُوهُ فِي سُنْبُلِهِ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ أَيْ لَا تَدُوسُوهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَفْسُدُ فِي طُولِ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ فَإِذَا كَانَ فِي سُنْبُلِهِ لَا يَفْسُدُ ثُمَّ يَأْتِي مِنْ بَعْدِ ذلِكَ سَبْعٌ شِدادٌ يَأْكُلْنَ ما قَدَّمْتُمْ لَهُنَ أَيْ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ مَجَاعَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ يَأْكُلْنَ مَا قَدَّمْتُهُمْ لَهُنَّ فِي سَبْعِ سِنِينَ الْمَاضِيَةِ
He came to Yusuf-as and said, ‘O truthful one! Give us a verdict regarding seven fat cows which seven lean ones devoured, and seven green ears (of corn) and (seven) others dried out, [12:46]. Yusuf-as said: He said: ‘You shall be cultivating for seven years continuously. Then whatever you harvest, so leave it in its ear except for a little from what you would be eating [12:47], i.e., do not trample it for it would spoil during the long seven years. So, when it would be in its ear, it would not spoil. Then there shall come after that seven years of hardship eating away whatever had preceded for these [12:48], i.e. seven years of difficulties, you would be eating what you had sent forwards during the past seven years’.
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع إِنَّمَا نَزَلَ مَا قَرَّبْتُمْ لَهُنَ ثُمَّ يَأْتِي مِنْ بَعْدِ ذلِكَ عامٌ فِيهِ يُغاثُ النَّاسُ وَ فِيهِ يَعْصِرُونَ أَيْ يُمْطَرُونَ
And Al-Sadiq-asws said:’ But rather it was Revealed as: Whatever you had brought near for these [12:48]. Then there shall come after that a year in which it would rain for the people and during it they would be pressing’ [12:49] – i.e., it would be raining’.
وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَرَأَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع ثُمَّ يَأْتِي مِنْ بَعْدِ ذلِكَ عامٌ فِيهِ يُغاثُ النَّاسُ وَ فِيهِ يَعْصِرُونَ فَقَالَ وَيْحَكَ أَيَّ شَيْءٍ يَعْصِرُونَ أَ يَعْصِرُ الْخَمْرَ قَالَ الرَّجُلُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كَيْفَ أَقْرَؤُهَا
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘A man recited to Amir Al-Momineen-asws (the Verse): Then there shall come after that a year in which it would rain for the people and during it they would be pressing’ [12:49], upon the basis of the doer.So he-asws said: ‘Woe be unto you! Which thing they were pressing: Were they pressing the wine?’ The man said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! How should I read it as?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ عَامٌ فِيهِ يُغَاثُ النَّاسُ وَ فِيهِ يُعْصَرُونَ أَيْ يُمْطَرُونَ بَعْدَ سِنِي الْمَجَاعَةِ وَ الدَّلِيلُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ وَ أَنْزَلْنا مِنَ الْمُعْصِراتِ ماءً ثَجَّاجاً
He-asws said: ‘But rather it was Revealed as: and during it they (clouds) would be squeezing [12:49], i.e., raining after years of famine, and the evidence upon that are His-azwj Words: And We Send down from the clouds abundant water [78:14]’’.[41]
7- فس، تفسير القمي فَرَجَعَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى الْمَلِكِ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا قَالَ يُوسُفُ فَ قالَ الْمَلِكُ ائْتُونِي بِهِ فَلَمَّا جاءَهُ الرَّسُولُ قالَ ارْجِعْ إِلى رَبِّكَ يَعْنِي إِلَى الْمَلِكِ فَسْئَلْهُ ما بالُ النِّسْوَةِ اللَّاتِي قَطَّعْنَ أَيْدِيَهُنَّ إِنَّ رَبِّي بِكَيْدِهِنَّ عَلِيمٌ فَجَمَعَ الْمَلِكُ النِّسْوَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُنَ ما خَطْبُكُنَّ إِذْ راوَدْتُنَّ يُوسُفَ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ قُلْنَ حاشَ لِلَّهِ ما عَلِمْنا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ سُوءٍ قالَتِ امْرَأَةُ الْعَزِيزِ الْآنَ حَصْحَصَ الْحَقُّ أَنَا راوَدْتُهُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ ذلِكَ لِيَعْلَمَ أَنِّي لَمْ أَخُنْهُ بِالْغَيْبِ وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَهْدِي كَيْدَ الْخائِنِينَ أَيْ لَا أَكْذِبُ عَلَيْهِ الْآنَ كَمَا كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ وَ ما أُبَرِّئُ نَفْسِي إِنَّ النَّفْسَ لَأَمَّارَةٌ بِالسُّوءِ أَيْ تَأْمُرُ بِالسُّوءِ فَ قالَ الْمَلِكُ ائْتُونِي بِهِ أَسْتَخْلِصْهُ لِنَفْسِي فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَى يُوسُفَ قَالَ إِنَّكَ الْيَوْمَ لَدَيْنا مَكِينٌ أَمِينٌ سَلْ حَاجَتَكَ قالَ اجْعَلْنِي عَلى خَزائِنِ الْأَرْضِ إِنِّي حَفِيظٌ عَلِيمٌ يَعْنِي عَلَى الْكَنَادِيجِ وَ الْأَنَابِيرِ فَجَعَلَهُ عَلَيْهَا وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ وَ كَذلِكَ مَكَّنَّا لِيُوسُفَ فِي الْأَرْضِ يَتَبَوَّأُ مِنْها حَيْثُ يَشاءُ فَأَمَرَ يُوسُفَ أَنْ يَبْنِيَ كَنَادِيجَ مِنْ صَخْرٍ وَ طَيَّنَهَا بِالْكِلْسِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِزُرُوعِ مِصْرَ فَحُصِدَتْ وَ دُفِعَ إِلَى كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ حِصَّتُهُ وَ تُرِكَ الْبَاقِي فِي سُنْبُلِهِ لَمْ يَدُسْهُ فَوَضَعَهُ فِي الْكَنَادِيجِ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ سني [سِنُو] الْجَدْبِ كَانَ يُخْرِجُ السُّنْبُلَ فَيَبِيعُ بِمَا شَاءَ
(opinion)[42]
8- فس، تفسير القمي وَ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ أَبِيهِ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً وَ كَانَ فِي بَادِيَةٍ وَ كَانَ النَّاسُ مِنَ الْآفَاقِ يَخْرُجُونَ إِلَى مِصْرَ لِيَمْتَارُوا طَعَاماً وَ كَانَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ وُلْدُهُ نُزُولًا فِي بَادِيَةٍ فِيهِ مُقْلٌ- فَأَخَذَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمُقْلِ وَ حَمَلُوهُ إِلَى مِصْرَ لِيَمْتَارُوا بِهِ طَعَاماً وَ كَانَ يُوسُفُ يَتَوَلَّى الْبَيْعَ بِنَفْسِهِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ إِخْوَتُهُ عَلَى يُوسُفَ عَرَفَهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفُوهُ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ هُمْ لَهُ مُنْكِرُونَ فَلَمَّا جَهَّزَهُمْ بِجَهَازِهِمْ وَ أَعْطَاهُمْ وَ أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي الْكَيْلِ قَالَ لَهُمْ مَنْ أَنْتُمْ قَالُوا نَحْنُ بَنُو يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي أَلْقَاهُ نُمْرُودُ فِي النَّارِ فَلَمْ يَحْتَرِقْ فَجَعَلَهَا اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً قَالَ فَمَا فَعَلَ أَبُوكُمْ قَالُوا شَيْخٌ ضَعِيفٌ قَالَ فَلَكُمْ أَخٌ غَيْرُكُمْ قَالُوا لَنَا أَخٌ مِنْ أَبِينَا لَا مِنْ أُمِّنَا قَالَ فَإِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ إِلَيَّ فَأْتُوْنِي بِهِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ ائْتُونِي بِأَخٍ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَبِيكُمْ أَ لا تَرَوْنَ أَنِّي أُوفِي الْكَيْلَ وَ أَنَا خَيْرُ الْمُنْزِلِينَ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَأْتُونِي بِهِ فَلا كَيْلَ لَكُمْ عِنْدِي وَ لا تَقْرَبُونِ قالُوا سَنُراوِدُ عَنْهُ أَباهُ وَ إِنَّا لَفاعِلُونَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يُوسُفُ لِقَوْمِهِ رُدُّوا هَذِهِ الْبِضَاعَةَ الَّتِي حَمَلُوهَا إِلَيْنَا اجْعَلُوهَا فِيمَا بَيْنَ رِحَالِهِمْ حَتَّى إِذَا رَجَعُوا إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِمْ وَ رَأَوْهَا رَجَعُوا إِلَيْنَا وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ وَ قالَ لِفِتْيانِهِ اجْعَلُوا بِضاعَتَهُمْ فِي رِحالِهِمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَعْرِفُونَها إِذَا انْقَلَبُوا إِلى أَهْلِهِمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ يَعْنِي كَيْ يرجعون [يَرْجِعُوا] فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا إِلى أَبِيهِمْ قالُوا يا أَبانا مُنِعَ مِنَّا الْكَيْلُ فَأَرْسِلْ مَعَنا أَخانا نَكْتَلْ وَ إِنَّا لَهُ لَحافِظُونَ قالَ يَعْقُوبُ هَلْ آمَنُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا كَما أَمِنْتُكُمْ عَلى أَخِيهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَاللَّهُ خَيْرٌ حافِظاً وَ هُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ وَ لَمَّا فَتَحُوا مَتاعَهُمْ وَجَدُوا بِضاعَتَهُمْ رُدَّتْ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي رِحَالِهِمُ الَّتِي حَمَلُوهَا إِلَى مِصْرَ قالُوا يا أَبانا ما نَبْغِي أَيْ مَا نُرِيدُ هذِهِ بِضاعَتُنا رُدَّتْ إِلَيْنا وَ نَمِيرُ أَهْلَنا وَ نَحْفَظُ أَخانا وَ نَزْدادُ كَيْلَ بَعِيرٍ ذلِكَ كَيْلٌ يَسِيرٌ قالَ يَعْقُوبُ لَنْ أُرْسِلَهُ مَعَكُمْ حَتَّى تُؤْتُونِ مَوْثِقاً مِنَ اللَّهِ لَتَأْتُنَّنِي بِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُحاطَ بِكُمْ فَلَمَّا آتَوْهُ مَوْثِقَهُمْ قالَ يَعْقُوبُ اللَّهُ عَلى ما نَقُولُ وَكِيلٌ فَخَرَجُوا وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ يَعْقُوبُ لا تَدْخُلُوا مِنْ بابٍ واحِدٍ وَ ادْخُلُوا مِنْ أَبْوابٍ مُتَفَرِّقَةٍ وَ ما أُغْنِي عَنْكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِنِ الْحُكْمُ إِلَّا لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَ عَلَيْهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُتَوَكِّلُونَ وَ لَمَّا دَخَلُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَمَرَهُمْ أَبُوهُمْ ما كانَ يُغْنِي عَنْهُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا حاجَةً فِي نَفْسِ يَعْقُوبَ قَضاها وَ إِنَّهُ لَذُو عِلْمٍ لِما عَلَّمْناهُ وَ لكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لا يَعْلَمُونَ
(opinion)[43]
9- فس، تفسير القمي فَخَرَجُوا وَ خَرَجَ مَعَهُمْ بِنْيَامِينُ وَ كَانَ لَا يُؤَاكِلُهُمْ وَ لَا يُجَالِسُهُمْ وَ لَا يُكَلِّمُهُمْ فَلَمَّا وَافَوْا مِصْرَ دَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ وَ سَلَّمُوا فَنَظَرَ يُوسُفُ إِلَى أَخِيهِ فَعَرَفَهُ فَجَلَسَ مِنْهُمْ بِالْبَعِيدِ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ أَنْتَ أَخُوهُمْ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَلِمَ لَا تَجْلِسُ مَعَهُمْ قَالَ لِأَنَّهُمْ أَخْرَجُوا أَخِي مِنْ أَبِي وَ أُمِّي ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا وَ لَمْ يَرُدُّوهُ وَ زَعَمُوا أَنَّ الذِّئْبَ أَكَلَهُ فَآلَيْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي أَنْ لَا أَجْتَمِعَ مَعَهُمْ عَلَى أَمْرٍ مَا دُمْتُ حَيّاً قَالَ فَهَلْ تَزَوَّجْتَ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَوُلِدَ لَكَ وَلَدٌ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ كَمْ وُلِدَ لَكَ قَالَ ثَلَاثَةُ بَنِينَ قَالَ فَمَا سَمَّيْتَهُمْ قَالَ سَمَّيْتُ وَاحِداً مِنْهُمْ الذِّئْبَ وَ وَاحِداً الْقَمِيصَ وَ وَاحِداً الدَّمَ قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ اخْتَرْتَ هَذِهِ الْأَسْمَاءَ قَالَ لِئَلَّا أَنْسَى أَخِي كُلَّمَا دَعَوْتُ وَاحِداً مِنْ وُلْدِي ذَكَرْتُ أَخِي قَالَ يُوسُفُ لَهُمْ اخْرُجُوا وَ حَبَسَ بِنْيَامِينَ فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ قَالَ يُوسُفُ لِأَخِيهِ أَنَا أَخُوكَ يُوسُفُ فَلا تَبْتَئِسْ بِما كانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ أَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَكُونَ عِنْدِي فَقَالَ لَا يَدَعُونِّي إِخْوَتِي فَإِنَّ أَبِي قَدْ أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَهْدَ اللَّهِ وَ مِيثَاقَهُ أَنْ يَرُدُّونِي إِلَيْهِ قَالَ فَأَنَا أَحْتَالُ بِحِيلَةٍ فَلَا تُنْكِرُ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ شَيْئاً وَ لَا تُخْبِرُهُمْ فَقَالَ لَا فَلَمَّا جَهَّزَهُمْ بِجَهازِهِمْ وَ أَعْطَاهُمْ وَ أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ لِبَعْضِ قُوَّامِهِ اجْعَلُوا هَذَا الصَّاعَ فِي رَحْلِ هَذَا وَ كَانَ الصَّاعُ الَّذِي يَكِيلُونَ بِهِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَجَعَلُوهُ فِي رَحْلِهِ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَمْ يَقِفُوا عَلَيْهِ إِخْوَتُهُ فَلَمَّا ارْتَحَلُوا بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ يُوسُفُ وَ حَبَسَهُمْ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ مُنَادِياً يُنَادِي أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ فَقَالَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ ما ذا تَفْقِدُونَ قالُوا نَفْقِدُ صُواعَ الْمَلِكِ وَ لِمَنْ جاءَ بِهِ حِمْلُ بَعِيرٍ وَ أَنَا بِهِ زَعِيمٌ أَيْ كَفِيلٌ فَقَالَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ لِيُوسُفَ تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ ما جِئْنا لِنُفْسِدَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ ما كُنَّا سارِقِينَ قَالَ يُوسُفُ فَما جَزاؤُهُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ كاذِبِينَ قالُوا جَزاؤُهُ مَنْ وُجِدَ فِي رَحْلِهِ فَاحْبِسْهُ فَهُوَ جَزاؤُهُ كَذلِكَ نَجْزِي الظَّالِمِينَ فَبَدَأَ بِأَوْعِيَتِهِمْ قَبْلَ وِعاءِ أَخِيهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَخْرَجَها مِنْ وِعاءِ أَخِيهِ فَتَشَبَّثُوا بِأَخِيهِ وَ حَبَسُوهُ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ كَذلِكَ كِدْنا لِيُوسُفَ أَيْ احْتَلْنَا لَهُ ما كانَ لِيَأْخُذَ أَخاهُ فِي دِينِ الْمَلِكِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشاءَ اللَّهُ نَرْفَعُ دَرَجاتٍ مَنْ نَشاءُ وَ فَوْقَ كُلِّ ذِي عِلْمٍ عَلِيمٌ فَسُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع عَنْ قَوْلِهِ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ قَالَ مَا سَرَقَ وَ مَا كَذَبَ يُوسُفُ فَإِنَّمَا عَنَى سَرَقْتُمْ يُوسُفَ ع مِنْ أَبِيهِ وَ قَوْلُهُ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ مَعْنَاهُ يَا أَهْلَ الْعِيرِ وَ مِثْلُهُ قَوْلُهُمْ لِأَبِيهِمْ وَ سْئَلِ الْقَرْيَةَ الَّتِي كُنَّا فِيها وَ الْعِيرَ الَّتِي أَقْبَلْنا فِيها يَعْنِي أَهْلَ الْقَرْيَةِ وَ أَهْلَ الْعِيرِ فَلَمَّا أُخْرِجَ لِيُوسُفَ الصَّاعُ مِنْ رَحْلِ أَخِيهِ قَالَ إِخْوَتُهُ إِنْ يَسْرِقْ فَقَدْ سَرَقَ أَخٌ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ يَعْنُونَ بِهِ يُوسُفَ فَتَغَافَلَ يُوسُفُ عَنْهُمْ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ فَأَسَرَّها يُوسُفُ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَ لَمْ يُبْدِها لَهُمْ قالَ أَنْتُمْ شَرٌّ مَكاناً وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِما تَصِفُونَ فَاجْتَمَعُوا إِلَى يُوسُفَ وَ جُلُودُهُمْ تَقْطُرُ دَماً أَصْفَرَ فَكَانُوا يُجَادِلُونَهُ فِي حَبْسِهِ وَ كَانَ وُلْدُ يَعْقُوبَ إِذَا غَضِبُوا خَرَجَ مِنْ ثِيَابِهِمْ شَعَرٌ وَ يَقْطُرُ مِنْ رُءُوسِهَا دَمٌ أَصْفَرُ وَ هُمْ يَقُولُونَ لَهُ يا أَيُّهَا الْعَزِيزُ إِنَّ لَهُ أَباً شَيْخاً كَبِيراً فَخُذْ أَحَدَنا مَكانَهُ إِنَّا نَراكَ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ فَأَطْلِقْ عَنْ هَذَا فَلَمَّا رَأَى يُوسُفُ ذَلِكَ قالَ مَعاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ إِلَّا مَنْ وَجَدْنا مَتاعَنا عِنْدَهُ وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ إِلَّا مَنْ سَرَقَ مَتَاعَنَا إِنَّا إِذاً لَظالِمُونَ فَلَمَّا أَيِسُوا وَ أَرَادُوا الِانْصِرَافَ إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ قَالَ لَهُمْ لَاوَى بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أَ لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ أَباكُمْ قَدْ أَخَذَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَوْثِقاً مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي هَذَا وَ مِنْ قَبْلُ ما فَرَّطْتُمْ فِي يُوسُفَ فَارْجِعُوا أَنْتُمْ إِلَى أَبِيكُمْ أَمَّا أَنَا فَلَا أَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لِي أَبِي أَوْ يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ لِي وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الْحاكِمِينَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ ارْجِعُوا إِلى أَبِيكُمْ فَقُولُوا يا أَبانا إِنَّ ابْنَكَ سَرَقَ وَ ما شَهِدْنا إِلَّا بِما عَلِمْنا وَ ما كُنَّا لِلْغَيْبِ حافِظِينَ وَ سْئَلِ الْقَرْيَةَ الَّتِي كُنَّا فِيها وَ الْعِيرَ الَّتِي أَقْبَلْنا فِيها أَيْ أَهْلَ الْقَرْيَةِ وَ أَهْلَ الْعِيرِ وَ إِنَّا لَصادِقُونَ قَالَ فَرَجَعَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ وَ تَخَلَّفَ يَهُودَا فَدَخَلَ عَلَى يُوسُفَ وَ كَلَّمَهُ حَتَّى ارْتَفَعَ الْكَلَامُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ يُوسُفَ وَ غَضِبَ وَ كَانَتْ عَلَى كَتِفِ يَهُودَا شَعْرَةٌ فَقَامَتِ الشَّعْرَةُ فَأَقْبَلَتْ تَقْذِفُ بِالدَّمِ وَ كَانَ لَا يَسْكُنُ حَتَّى يَمَسَّهُ بَعْضُ أَوْلَادِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ فَكَانَ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ يُوسُفَ ابْنٌ لَهُ فِي يَدِهِ رُمَّانَةٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ يَلْعَبُ بِهَا فَلَمَّا رَأَى يُوسُفُ أَنَّ يَهُودَا قَدْ غَضِبَ وَ قَامَتِ الشَّعْرَةُ تَقْذِفُ بِالدَّمِ أَخَذَ الرُّمَّانَةَ مِنَ الصَّبِيِّ ثُمَّ دَحْرَجَهَا نَحْوَ يَهُودَا وَ تَبِعَهَا الصَّبِيُّ لِيَأْخُذَهَا فَوَقَعَتْ يَدُهُ عَلَى يَدِ يَهُودَا فَذَهَبَ غَضَبُهُ فَارْتَابَ يَهُودَا وَ رَجَعَ الصَّبِيُّ بِالرُّمَّانَةِ إِلَى يُوسُفَ قَالَ ثُمَّ ارْتَفَعَ الْكَلَامُ بَيْنَهُمَا حَتَّى غَضِبَ يَهُودَا وَ قَامَتِ الشَّعْرَةُ تَقْذِفُ بِالدَّمِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ يُوسُفُ دَحْرَجَ الرُّمَّانَةَ نَحْوَ يَهُودَا وَ تَبِعَهَا الصَّبِيُّ لِيَأْخُذَهَا فَوَقَعَتْ يَدُهُ عَلَى يَهُودَا فَسَكَنَ غَضَبُهُ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ فِي الْبَيْتِ لَمِنْ وُلْدِ يَعْقُوبَ حَتَّى صَنَعَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ
(opinion)[44]
10- فس، تفسير القمي فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ وَ أَخْبَرُوهُ بِخَبَرِ أَخِيهِمْ قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ بَلْ سَوَّلَتْ لَكُمْ أَنْفُسُكُمْ أَمْراً فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَنِي بِهِمْ جَمِيعاً إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُ ثُمَ تَوَلَّى عَنْهُمْ وَ قالَ يا أَسَفى عَلى يُوسُفَ وَ ابْيَضَّتْ عَيْناهُ مِنَ الْحُزْنِ يَعْنِي عَمِيَتْ مِنَ الْبُكَاءِ فَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ أَيْ مَحْزُونٌ وَ الْأَسَفُ أَشَدُّ الْحُزْنِ وَ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا بَلَغَ مِنْ حُزْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَلَى يُوسُفَ قَالَ حُزْنَ سَبْعِينَ ثَكْلَى بِأَوْلَادِهَا وَ قَالَ إِنَّ يَعْقُوبَ لَمْ يَعْرِفِ الِاسْتِرْجَاعَ فَمِنْهَا قَالَ وَا أَسَفَاهْ عَلَى يُوسُفَ فَقَالُوا لَهُ تَاللَّهِ تَفْتَؤُا تَذْكُرُ يُوسُفَ أَيْ لَا تَفْتَأُ عَنْ ذِكْرِ يُوسُفَ حَتَّى تَكُونَ حَرَضاً أَيْ مَيِّتاً أَوْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْهالِكِينَ فَ قالَ إِنَّما أَشْكُوا بَثِّي وَ حُزْنِي إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ أَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ
(opinion)[45]
11- فس، تفسير القمي حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ حِينَ قَالَ لِوُلْدِهِ اذْهَبُوا فَتَحَسَّسُوا مِنْ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ أَ كَانَ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ حَيٌّ وَ قَدْ فَارَقَهُ مُنْذُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَ ذَهَبَتْ عَيْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْبُكَاءِ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father narrated to me, from Hanan Bin Sadeyr, from his father,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Inform me about the words of Yaqoub-as to his-as sons: O my sons! Go and inquire about Yusuf and his brother [12:87], Did he-as know that he-as was alive, and there was a separation of twenty years between them, and his-as eyesight had gone from crying?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ حَيٌّ حَتَّى إِنَّهُ دَعَا رَبَّهُ فِي السَّحَرِ أَنْ يَهْبِطَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَهَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ بِأَطْيَبِ رَائِحَةٍ وَ أَحْسَنِ صُورَةٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَنْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَنَا مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ أَ لَيْسَ سَأَلْتَ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُنْزِلَنِي عَلَيْكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ مَا حَاجَتُكَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, he-as knew he-as was alive until he-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj during the pre-dawn that He-azwj Sends down the Angel of death unto him-as. The Angel of death descended to him-as in the most perfumed of aromas and beautiful of faces. He-as said to him: ‘Who are you?’ He said, ‘I am the Angel of Death. Didn’t you-as asked Allah-azwj to Send me down to you-as?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘What is your-as need O Yaqoub-as?’
قَالَ لَهُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْأَرْوَاحِ تَقْبِضُهَا جُمْلَةً أَوْ تَفَارِيقاً قَالَ تَقْبِضُهَا أَعْوَانِي مُتَفَرِّقَةً وَ تُعْرَضُ عَلَيَّ مُجْتَمِعَةً قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ فَأَسْأَلُكَ بِإِلَهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ هَلْ عُرِضَ عَلَيْكَ فِي الْأَرْوَاحِ رُوحُ يُوسُفَ فَقَالَ لَا فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ حَيٌّ
He-as said to him: ‘Inform me-as about the souls you capture, altogether or separately?’ He said: ‘My assistants capture them separately and present them unto me altogether’. Yaqoub-as said: ‘I-as ask you by the God-azwj of Ibrahim-as, and Is’haq-as and Yaqoub-as, has there been presented unto you among the souls, the soul of Yusuf-as?’ He said: ‘No’. Thus, during that, he-as knew that he-as was alive.
فَقَالَ لِوُلْدِهِ اذْهَبُوا فَتَحَسَّسُوا مِنْ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ وَ لا تَيْأَسُوا مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لا يَيْأَسُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْقَوْمُ الْكافِرُونَ
Go and inquire about Yusuf and his brother, and do not despair from Mercy of Allah; surely none despairs of Allah’s Mercy except the Kafir people [12:87].
وَ كَتَبَ عَزِيزُ مِصْرَ إِلَى يَعْقُوبَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَهَذَا ابْنُكَ اشْتَرَيْتُهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ دَرَاهِمَ وَ هُوَ يُوسُفُ وَ اتَّخَذْتُهُ عَبْداً وَ هَذَا ابْنُكَ بِنْيَامِينُ قَدْ سَرَقَ وَ أَخَذْتُهُ فَقَدْ وَجَدْتُ مَتَاعِي عِنْدَهُ وَ اتَّخَذْتُهُ عَبْداً
And the ruler of Egypt wrote to Yaqoub-as, ‘However, this your-as son-as, I bought him-as for a cheap price in Dirhams, and he-as is Yusuf-as, and I have taken him-as as a slave, and this (other) son-as of yours-as Benyamin-as, has stolen, and I seized him-as for my chattels were found to be with him-as, and I have taken him-as (also) as a slave’.
فَمَا وَرَدَ عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ شَيْءٌ كَانَ أَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابِ فَقَالَ لِلرَّسُولِ مَكَانَكَ حَتَّى أُجِيبَهُ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَعْقُوبُ ع بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ يَعْقُوبَ إِسْرَائِيلِ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَقَدْ فَهِمْتُ كِتَابَكَ تَذْكُرُ فِيهِ أَنَّكَ اشْتَرَيْتَ ابْنِي وَ اتَّخَذْتَهُ عَبْداً
There wasn’t referred to Yaqoub-as anything more difficult upon him-as than that letter. He-as said to the messenger: ‘(Stay) in your place until I-as answer him’. Yaqoub-as wrote to him-as: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. From Yaqoub-as Israeel Allah-azwj, son-as of Is’haq-as, son-as of Bin Ibrahim-as Friend of Allah-azwj. However, I-as have understood your letter mentioning in it that you bought my-as son-as and have taken him-as as a slave.
وَ أَنَّ الْبَلَاءَ مُوَكَّلٌ بِبَنِي آدَمَ إِنَّ جَدِّي إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَلْقَاهُ نُمْرُودُ مَلِكُ الدُّنْيَا فِي النَّارِ فَلَمْ يَحْتَرِقْ وَ جَعَلَهَا اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً وَ إِنَّ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ جَدِّي أَنْ يَذْبَحَهُ بِيَدِهِ فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَذْبَحَهُ فَدَاهُ اللَّهُ بِكَبْشٍ عَظِيمٍ
And surely, the afflictions are allocated with the sons-as of Adam-as, that my-as grandfather-as Ibrahim-as, Nimrod-la king of the world, threw him-as into the fire, but he-as was not burnt, and Allah-azwj Made it to be cool and safe upon him; and my-as father-as Is’haq, Allah-azwj Commanded my-as grandfather-as to sacrifice him-as by his-as hands. When he-as wanted to sacrifice him-as Allah-azwj Ransomed him-as by a magnificent ram.
وَ إِنَّهُ كَانَ لِي وَلَدٌ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي الدُّنْيَا أَحَدٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْهُ وَ كَانَ قُرَّةَ عَيْنِي وَ ثَمَرَةَ فُؤَادِي فَأَخْرَجُوهُ إِخْوَتُهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا إِلَيَّ وَ زَعَمُوا أَنَّ الذِّئْبَ أَكَلَهُ فَاحْدَوْدَبَ لِذَلِكَ ظَهْرِي وَ ذَهَبَ مِنْ كَثْرَةِ الْبُكَاءِ عَلَيْهِ بَصَرِي
And for me-as there was a son-as, there does not happen to be in the world anything more beloved to me-as than him-as, and he-as was the delight of my-as eyes, and fruit of my-as heart, but his-as brother took him-as out then returned to me-as and claimed that the wolf had eaten him-as. So, my-as back is arched due to that and my-as eyesight is gone due to the frequency of the crying.
وَ كَانَ لَهُ أَخٌ مِنْ أُمِّهِ كُنْتُ آنَسُ بِهِ فَخَرَجَ مَعَ إِخْوَتِهِ إِلَى مَا قِبَلَكَ لِيَمْتَارُوا لَنَا طَعَاماً فَرَجَعُوا إِلَيَّ وَ ذَكَرُوا أَنَّهُ سَرَقَ صُوَاعَ الْمَلِكِ وَ قَدْ حَبَسْتَهُ وَ إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ لَا يَلِيقُ بِنَا السَّرَقُ وَ لَا الْفَاحِشَةُ
And there was a brother-as for him-as from his-as mother he-as was comforted with. He-as went out with his-as brothers to what is before you in order to diver towards us foodstuff, but they returned to me-as and mentioned that he-as had stolen a cup of the king and he has withheld him-as, and we-as are a people of such a Household, the theft cannot be attached with us nor can the immoralities.
وَ أَنَا أَسْأَلُكَ بِإِلَهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ إِلَّا مَنَنْتَ عَلَيَّ بِهِ وَ تَقَرَّبْتَ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ رَدَدْتَهُ إِلَيَّ
And I-as ask you, by the God-azwj of Ibrahim-as, and Is’haq, and Yaqoub-as not to prevent him-as upon me-as, and you will draw closer to Allah-azwj, and return him-as to me’.
فَلَمَّا وَرَدَ الْكِتَابُ إِلَى يُوسُفَ أَخَذَهُ وَ وَضَعَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ وَ قَبَّلَهُ وَ بَكَى بُكَاءً شَدِيداً ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى إِخْوَتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ ما فَعَلْتُمْ بِيُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ إِذْ أَنْتُمْ جاهِلُونَ فَ قالُوا أَ إِنَّكَ لَأَنْتَ يُوسُفُ قالَ أَنَا يُوسُفُ وَ هذا أَخِي قَدْ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنا إِنَّهُ مَنْ يَتَّقِ وَ يَصْبِرْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ
When that letter arrived to Yusuf-as, he-as took it and placed it upon his-as face, and kissed it, and cried with intense crying. Then he-as looked at his-as brothers and said to them: ‘He said: ‘Do you know what you did with Yusuf and his brother when you were ignorant?’ [12:89] They said: ‘Are you indeed Yusuf?’ He said: ‘I am Yusuf and this is my brother (Benyamin). Allah has Conferred upon us. Surely one who fears and is patient, then Allah does not Waste a Recompense of the good doers’ [12:90].
فَقَالُوا لَهُ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ لَقَدْ آثَرَكَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنا وَ إِنْ كُنَّا لَخاطِئِينَ قالَ لا تَثْرِيبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ أَيْ لَا تَخْلِيطَ يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَ هُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ
They said to him-as just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: ‘By Allah! Allah has Preferred you over us, and we were erroneous’ [12:91] He said: ‘(There shall be) no reproach against you today. – i.e., no mingling, May Allah Forgive you, and He is the most Merciful of the merciful ones [12:92].
قَالَ فَلَمَّا وَلَّى الرَّسُولُ إِلَى الْمَلِكِ بِكِتَابِ يَعْقُوبَ رَفَعَ يَعْقُوبُ يَدَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ يَا حَسَنَ الصُّحْبَةِ يَا كَرِيمَ الْمَعُونَةِ يَا خَيْرَ إِلَهٍ ائْتِنِي بِرَوْحٍ مِنْكَ وَ فَرَجٍ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ
He-asws said: ‘When the messenger turned (return) to the king with the letter of Yaqoub-as, Yaqoub-as raised his-as hands towards the sky and said: ‘O Excellent of the companionship! O Benevolent of the assistance! O Best God-azwj! Give me-as a Spirit from You-azwj, and Relief from You-azwj!’
فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا يَعْقُوبُ أَ لَا أُعَلِّمُكَ دَعَوَاتٍ يَرُدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ بَصَرَكَ وَ ابْنَيْكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ
Jibraeel-as descended unto him-as and said to him-as: ‘O Yaqoub-as! Shall I-as teach you-as a supplication, Allah-azwj will Return to you-as your-as eyesight and both your-as sons-as?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ قُلْ يَا مَنْ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَحَدٌ كَيْفَ هُوَ إِلَّا هُوَ يَا مَنْ سَدَّ السَّمَاءَ بِالْهَوَاءِ وَ كَبَسَ الْأَرْضَ عَلَى الْمَاءِ وَ اخْتَارَ لِنَفْسِهِ أَحْسَنَ الْأَسْمَاءِ ائْتِنِي بِرَوْحٍ مِنْكَ وَ فَرَجٍ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ
He-as said: ‘Say: ‘O One Who no one knows How He-azwj is except Him-azwj! O One Who Blocks the sky with the air, and Presses the earth upon the water, and Chose for Himself-azwj the best of the skies! Give me-as a Spirit from You-azwj and Relief from You-azwj!”
قَالَ فَمَا انْفَجَرَ عَمُودُ الصُّبْحِ حَتَّى أُتِيَ بِالْقَمِيصِ فَطُرِحَ عَلَيْهِ وَ رَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَصَرَهُ وَ وُلْدَهُ
He-asws said: ‘The columns of the morning had not burst (morning), before he-as was brought the shirt and he-as threw it upon him-as, and Allah-azwj Returned to him-as, his-as sight and his-as children’’.[46]
12- فس، تفسير القمي وَ قَالَ وَ لَمَّا أَمَرَ الْمَلِكُ بِحَبْسِ يُوسُفَ فِي السِّجْنِ أَلْهَمَهُ اللَّهُ تَأْوِيلَ الرُّؤْيَا فَكَانَ يُعَبِّرُ لِأَهْلِ السِّجْنِ فَلَمَّا سَأَلَاهُ الْفَتَيَانِ الرُّؤْيَا وَ عَبَّرَ لَهُمَا وَ قَالَ لِلَّذِي ظَنَّ أَنَّهُ نَاجٍ مِنْهُمَا اذْكُرْنِي عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ وَ لَمْ يَفْزَعْ فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالِ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ مَنْ أَرَاكَ الرُّؤْيَا الَّتِي رَأَيْتَهَا قَالَ يُوسُفُ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ قَالَ فَمَنْ حَبَّبَكَ إِلَى أَبِيكَ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ قَالَ فَمَنْ وَجَّهَ إِلَيْكَ السَّيَّارَةَ الَّتِي رَأَيْتَهَا قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ قَالَ فَمَنْ عَلَّمَكَ الدُّعَاءَ الَّذِي دَعَوْتَ بِهِ حَتَّى جَعَلْتُ لَكَ مِنَ الْجُبِّ فَرَجاً قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ قَالَ فَمَنْ أَنْطَقَ لِسَانَ الصَّبِيِّ بِعُذْرِكَ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ قَالَ فَمَنْ أَلْهَمَكَ تَأْوِيلَ الرُّؤْيَا قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ قَالَ فَكَيْفَ اسْتَعَنْتَ بِغَيْرِي وَ لَمْ تَسْتَعِنْ بِي وَ أَمَّلْتَ عَبْداً مِنْ عَبِيدِي لِيَذْكُرَكَ إِلَى مَخْلُوقٍ مِنْ خَلْقِي وَ فِي قَبْضَتِي وَ لَمْ تَفْزَعْ إِلَيَّ الْبَثْ فِي السِّجْنِ بِضْعَ سِنِينَ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ آبَائِي عَلَيْكَ إِلَّا فَرَّجْتَ عَنِّي فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ يَا يُوسُفُ وَ أَيُّ حَقٍّ لِآبَائِكَ عَلَيَّ إِنْ كَانَ أَبُوكَ آدَمُ خَلَقْتُهُ بِيَدِي وَ نَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِنْ رُوحِي وَ أَسْكَنْتُهُ جَنَّتِي وَ أَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ لَا يَقْرَبَ شَجَرَةً مِنْهَا فَعَصَانِي وَ سَأَلَنِي فَتُبْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَبُوكَ نوح [نُوحاً] انْتَجَبْتُهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ خَلْقِي وَ جَعَلْتُهُ رَسُولًا إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَمَّا عَصَوْا وَ دَعَانِي فَاسْتَجَبْتُ لَهُ وَ غَرَّقْتُهُمْ وَ أَنْجَيْتُهُ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ فِي الْفُلْكِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَبُوكَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ اتَّخَذْتُهُ خَلِيلًا وَ أَنْجَيْتُهُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ جَعَلْتُهَا عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَبُوكَ يَعْقُوبَ وَهَبْتُ لَهُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ وَلَداً فَغَيَّبْتُ عَنْهُ وَاحِداً فَمَا زَالَ يَبْكِي حَتَّى ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ وَ قَعَدَ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ يَشْكُونِي إِلَى خَلْقِي فَأَيُّ حَقٍّ لِآبَائِكَ عَلَيَّ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ قُلْ يَا يُوسُفُ أَسْأَلُكَ بِمَنِّكَ الْعَظِيمِ وَ إِحْسَانِكَ الْقَدِيمِ وَ لُطْفِكَ الْعَمِيمِ يَا رَحْمَانُ يَا رَحِيمُ فَقَالَهَا فَرَأَى الْمَلِكُ الرُّؤْيَا فَكَانَ فَرَجُهُ فِيهَا
وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: قَالَ السَّجَّانُ لِيُوسُفَ إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّكَ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ مَا أَصَابَنِي إِلَّا مِنَ الْحُبِّ إِنْ كَانَ خَالَتِي أَحَبَّتْنِي سَرَّقَتْنِي- وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَبِي أَحَبَّنِي فَحَسَدُونِي إِخْوَتِي وَ إِنْ كَانَتِ امْرَأَةُ الْعَزِيزِ أَحَبَّتْنِي فَحَبَسَتْنِي
And my father narrated to me, from Al Abbas Bin Hilal,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘The warden said to Yusuf-as, ‘I love you-asws’. Yusuf-as said: ‘I-as have not been hit except from the love. My-as maternal aunt loved me-as, (accused) me-as of theft (so she could keep me-as), and my-as father-as loved me-as so my-as brothers envied me-as; and the wife of the ruler loved me-as, so she had me imprisoned.
قَالَ وَ شَكَا يُوسُفُ فِي السِّجْنِ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ بِمَا ذَا اسْتَحْقَقْتُ السِّجْنَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنْتَ اخْتَرْتَهُ حِينَ قُلْتَ رَبِّ السِّجْنُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا يَدْعُونَنِي إِلَيْهِ هَلَّا قُلْتَ الْعَافِيَةُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا يَدْعُونَنِي إِلَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘And Yusuf-as complained to Allah-azwj in the prison and he-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Due to what do I-as deserve the prison?’ Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “You-as chose it when you-as said: ‘Lord! The prison is more beloved to me than what they are calling me to, [12:33]. Why did you-as not say: ‘The well-being is more beloved to me-as than what they are calling me to’?”’[47]
13- فس، تفسير القمي حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَيَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا طَرَحَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ يُوسُفَ فِي الْجُبِّ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ هُوَ فِي الْجُبِّ فَقَالَ يَا غُلَامُ مَنْ طَرَحَكَ فِي هَذَا الْجُبِّ فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ إِخْوَتِي لِمَنْزِلَتِي مِنْ أَبِي حَسَدُونِي وَ لِذَلِكَ فِي الْجُبِّ طَرَحُونِي
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father narrated to me, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Al Hassan Bin Amara, from Abu Sayyar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the brothers of Yusuf-as dropped Yusuf-as in the well, Jibraeel-as entered to see him-as while he-as was in the well. He-as said: ‘O boy! Who dropped you-as in this well?’ Yusuf-as said to him-as: ‘My brothers, due to my-as status from my-as father-as, they envied me-as, and due to that they dropped me-as into the well’.
قَالَ فَتُحِبُّ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مِنْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ ذَاكَ إِلَى إِلَهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ فَإِنَّ إِلَهَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ يَقُولُ لَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِأَنَّ (فَإِنَّ) لَكَ الْحَمْدَ كُلَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ الْحَنَّانُ الْمَنَّانُ بَدِيعُ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ ذُو الْجَلالِ وَ الْإِكْرامِ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ اجْعَلْ لِي مِنْ أَمْرِي فَرَجاً وَ مَخْرَجاً وَ ارْزُقْنِي مِنْ حَيْثُ أَحْتَسِبُ وَ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا أَحْتَسِبُ
He-as said: ‘Would you-as like to come out from it?’ Yusuf-as said to him-as: ‘That is up to the God-azwj of Ibrahim-as, and Is’haq and Yaqoub-as’. He-as said: ‘The God-azwj of Ibrahim-as and Is’haq-as and Yaqoub-as is Saying to you-as: “Say: ‘O Allah-azwj! I-as ask You-azwj for the Praise is for You-azwj, all of it. There is no god except You-azwj, the Affectionate, the Benefactor, Beginner of the skies and the earth, with the Majesty and the Benevolence! Send Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and Make for me-as, from my-as affairs, a relief and a way out, and Grace me-as from where I-as anticipate and from where I-as do not anticipate!”
فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مِنَ الْجُبِّ فَرَجاً وَ مِنْ كَيْدِ المَرْأَةِ مَخْرَجاً وَ أَعْطَاهُ مُلْكَ مِصْرَ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَمْ يَحْتَسِبْ
He-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj, and Allah-azwj Made relief to be for him-as from the pit, and a way out from the plot of the wife (of the ruler of Egypt), and Gave him-as the kingdom of Egypt from where he-as did not reckon’’.[48]
14- فس، تفسير القمي وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ اذْهَبُوا بِقَمِيصِي هذا فَأَلْقُوهُ عَلى وَجْهِ أَبِي يَأْتِ بَصِيراً وَ أْتُونِي بِأَهْلِكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
And as for His-azwj Words: Go with this shirt of mine and cast it upon my father’s face, he would regain his vision, and come to me with your family altogether’ [12:93] –
My father narrated to me, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Ismail Al Saraj, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub, from Mufazzal Al Ju’fy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Inform me-asws, what was the shirt of Yusuf-as?’ I said, ‘I don’t know’.
فَإِنَّهُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ السَّرَّاجِ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ مُفَضَّلٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي مَا كَانَ قَمِيصُ يُوسُفَ قُلْتُ لَا أَدْرِي قَالَ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لَمَّا أُوقِدَتْ لَهُ النَّارُ أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِثَوْبٍ مِنْ ثِيَابِ الْجَنَّةِ فَأَلْبَسَهُ إِيَّاهُ فَلَمْ يَضُرَّهُ مَعَهُ حَرٌّ وَ لَا بَرْدٌ
He-asws said: ‘Ibrahim-as, when the fire was inflamed for him-as, Jibraeel-as came over to him-as with a cloth from the clothes of the Paradise. He-as wore it, and with it, the heat and the cold did not harm him-as.
فَلَمَّا حَضَرَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْمَوْتُ جَعَلَهُ فِي تَمِيمَةٍ وَ عَلَّقَهُ عَلَى إِسْحَاقَ وَ عَلَّقَهُ إِسْحَاقُ عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ فَلَمَّا وُلِدَ لِيَعْقُوبَ يُوسُفُ عَلَّقَهُ عَلَيْهِ فَكَانَ فِي عُنُقِهِ حَتَّى كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَا كَانَ فَلَمَّا أَخْرَجَ يُوسُفُ الْقَمِيصَ مِنَ التَّمِيمَةِ وَجَدَ يَعْقُوبُ رِيحَهُ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ إِنِّي لَأَجِدُ رِيحَ يُوسُفَ لَوْ لا أَنْ تُفَنِّدُونِ وَ هُوَ ذَلِكَ الْقَمِيصُ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ
When the death presented itself to Ibrahim-as, he-as made it to be in an amulet and hung it upon Is’haq-as, and Is’haq-as hung it upon Yaqoub. When Yusuf-as was born, he-as hung it upon him-as. Thus, it was on his-as shoulder until it was from his-as affair which was. When Yusuf-as took it out from the amulet in Egypt, Yaqoub-as found its smell, and these are his-as words: ‘Surely I find the aroma of Yusuf, unless you deem me to be weak minded’ [12:94]. It was that shirt which Allah-azwj Sent down from the Paradise’.
قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَإِلَى مَنْ صَارَ ذَلِكَ الْقَمِيصُ فَقَالَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! To whom has that shirt come to be?’ He-asws said: ‘To its rightful ones’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ كُلُّ نَبِيٍّ وَرِثَ عِلْماً أَوْ غَيْرَهُ فَقَدِ انْتَهَى إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ كَانَ يَعْقُوبُ بِفِلَسْطِينَ وَ فَصَلَتِ الْعِيرُ مِنْ مِصْرَ فَوَجَدَ يَعْقُوبُ رِيحَهُ وَ هُوَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْقَمِيصِ الَّذِي أُخْرِجَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ نَحْنُ وَرَثَتُهُ
Then he-asws said: ‘Every Prophet-as inherited knowledge or something else, so it has ended up in the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww; and Yaqoub-as was in Palestine, and the caravan from Egypt was arriving from Egypt, but Yaqoub-as still found its aroma, and it is from that shirt which came out from the Paradise, and we-asws inherited it’’.[49]
15- فس، تفسير القمي أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ بِنْتِ إِلْيَاسَ وَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع قَالَ: كَانَتِ الْحُكُومَةُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذَا سَرَقَ أَحَدٌ شَيْئاً اسْتُرِقَّ بِهِ وَ كَانَ يُوسُفُ عِنْدَ عَمَّتِهِ وَ هُوَ صَغِيرٌ وَ كَانَتْ تُحِبُّهُ وَ كَانَتْ لِإِسْحَاقَ مِنْطَقَةٌ أَلْبَسَهَا يَعْقُوبَ وَ كَانَتْ عِنْدَ أُخْتِهِ
Al Hassan Bin Ali informed us, from his father, from Al Hassan Bin Bint Ilyas and Ismail Bin Hamam,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘It was the law among the Children of Israel, if anyone stole anything, he would get stolen due to it (become a slave to the victim). And Yusuf-as was (living) with his-as aunt, and he-as was small, and she used to love him-as, and Is’haq-as had a belt which Yaqoub-as used to wear (sometimes), and it was in the possession of his-as sister.
وَ إِنَّ يَعْقُوبَ طَلَبَ يُوسُفَ لِيَأْخُذَهُ مِنْ عَمَّتِهِ فَاغْتَمَّتْ لِذَلِكَ وَ قَالَتْ دَعْهُ حَتَّى أُرْسِلَهُ إِلَيْكَ وَ أَخَذَتِ الْمِنْطَقَةَ وَ شَدَّتْ بِهَا وَسْطَهُ تَحْتَ الثِّيَابِ فَلَمَّا أَتَى يُوسُفُ أَبَاهُ جَاءَتْ وَ قَالَتْ قَدْ سُرِقَتِ الْمِنْطَقَةُ فَفَتَّشَتْهُ فَوَجَدَتْهَا مَعَهُ فِي وَسْطِهِ
And Yaqoub-as sought Yusuf-as in order to take him-as from his-as aunt, and she was gloomy due to that and said, ‘Leave him-as until I send him-as to you-as’, and she took the belt and tied it in his-as waist beneath the clothes. When Yusuf-as came to his-as father-as, she came and said, ‘He-as has stolen the belt!’ She investigated him-as and found it to be with him-as in his-as waist.
فَلِذَلِكَ قَالَتْ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ لَمَّا حَبَسَ يُوسُفُ أَخَاهُ حَيْثُ جَعَلَ الصَّاعَ فِي وِعَاءِ أَخِيهِ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ مَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ وُجِدَ فِي رَحْلِهِ قَالُوا هُوَ جَزَاؤُهُ السُّنَّةُ الَّتِي تَجْرِي فِيهِمْ فَلِذَلِكَ قَالَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ إِنْ يَسْرِقْ فَقَدْ سَرَقَ أَخٌ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَأَسَرَّها يُوسُفُ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَ لَمْ يُبْدِها لَهُمْ
Therefore, due to that, the brothers of Yusuf-as said when Yusuf-as withheld his-as brother (Benyamin-as) when he-as made the cup to be in a bag of his-as brother, Yusuf-as said: ‘What is the recompense of the one in whose riding animal it is found?’ They said, ‘It is his-as recompense’ – the Sunnah which had flowed among them, therefore due to that the brothers of Yusuf-as said: ‘‘If he has stolen, then a brother of his did indeed steal from before’. But Yusuf kept it secret within himself and did not disclose it to them [12:77]’’.[50]
16- فس، تفسير القمي قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثُمَّ رَحَلَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ أَهْلُهُ مِنَ الْبَادِيَةِ بَعْدَ مَا رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ بَنُوهُ بِالْقَمِيصِ فَأَلْقَوْهُ عَلى وَجْهِهِ فَارْتَدَّ بَصِيراً فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَ لَمْ أَقُلْ لَكُمْ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ قالُوا لَهُ يا أَبانَا اسْتَغْفِرْ لَنا ذُنُوبَنا إِنَّا كُنَّا خاطِئِينَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ قَالَ أَخَّرَهُمْ إِلَى السَّحَرِ لِأَنَّ الدُّعَاءَ وَ الِاسْتِغْفَارَ مُسْتَجَابٌ فِيهِ فَلَمَّا وَافَى يَعْقُوبُ وَ أَهْلُهُ وَ وُلْدُهُ مِصْرَ قَعَدَ يُوسُفُ عَلَى سَرِيرِهِ وَ وَضَعَ تَاجَ الْمُلْكِ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَرَاهُ أَبُوهُ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالَةِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ أَبُوهُ لَمْ يَقُمْ لَهُ فَخَرُّوا كُلُّهُمْ لَهُ سُجَّداً فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ يا أَبَتِ هذا تَأْوِيلُ رُءْيايَ مِنْ قَبْلُ قَدْ جَعَلَها رَبِّي حَقًّا وَ قَدْ أَحْسَنَ بِي إِذْ أَخْرَجَنِي مِنَ السِّجْنِ وَ جاءَ بِكُمْ مِنَ الْبَدْوِ مِنْ بَعْدِ أَنْ نَزَغَ الشَّيْطانُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ إِخْوَتِي إِنَّ رَبِّي لَطِيفٌ لِما يَشاءُ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُ
وَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَكْثَمَ سَأَلَ مُوسَى بْنَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى مَسَائِلَ فَعَرَضَهَا عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فَكَانَ أَحَدُهَا أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ رَفَعَ أَبَوَيْهِ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ وَ خَرُّوا لَهُ سُجَّداً أَ سَجَدَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ وُلْدُهُ لِيُوسُفَ وَ هُمْ أَنْبِيَاءُ
And it is narrated to me by Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yahya Bin Aksam,
‘Musa Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Musa asked questioned and presented these unto Abu Al-Hassan-asws, and one of these was, ‘Inform me about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And he raised his parents upon the throne and they fell down to him in Sajdah to him [12:100]. Did Yaqoub-as and his-as children to Sajdah to Yusuf-as and (although) they-as were Prophets-as?’
فَأَجَابَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع أَمَّا سُجُودُ يَعْقُوبَ وَ وُلْدِهِ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيُوسُفَ وَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ يَعْقُوبَ وَ وُلْدِهِ طَاعَةً لِلَّهِ وَ تَحِيَّةً لِيُوسُفَ كَمَا كَانَ السُّجُودُ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ لِآدَمَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِآدَمَ وَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ مِنْهُمْ ذَلِكَ طَاعَةً لِلَّهِ وَ تَحِيَّةً لِآدَمَ
Abu Al-Hassan-asws answered: ‘As for the Sajdah of Yaqoub-as and his-as children, it did not happen to be to Yusuf-as, and rather that happened from Yaqoub-as and his-as children in obedience to Allah-azwj and greeting to Yusuf-as, just as were the Sajdah from the Angels to Adam-as, and did not happen to Adam-as, and rather that was from them in obedience to Allah-azwj and salutation to Adam-as.
فَسَجَدَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ وُلْدُهُ وَ يُوسُفُ مَعَهُمْ شُكْراً لِلَّهِ لِاجْتِمَاعِ شَمْلِهِمْ أَ لَمْ تَرَ أَنَّهُ يَقُولُ فِي شُكْرِهِ ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتَ رَبِّ قَدْ آتَيْتَنِي مِنَ الْمُلْكِ وَ عَلَّمْتَنِي مِنْ تَأْوِيلِ الْأَحادِيثِ فاطِرَ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ أَنْتَ وَلِيِّي فِي الدُّنْيا وَ الْآخِرَةِ تَوَفَّنِي مُسْلِماً وَ أَلْحِقْنِي بِالصَّالِحِينَ
Yaqoub-as and his-as children prostrated and Yusuf-as was with them thanking Allah-azwj of the gathering of their-as family. Do you not see him-as saying in thanking Him-azwj for that strength: Lord! You have Given me from the kingdom and Taught me from the interpretation of the events. Originator of the skies and the earth! You are my Guardian in the world and the Hereafter. Cause me to die a submitter and join me with the righteous ones’ [12:101]’’.[51]
17- فس، تفسير القمي فَنَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا يُوسُفُ أَخْرِجْ يَدَكَ فَأَخْرَجَهَا فَخَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصَابِعِهِ نُورٌ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ مَا هَذَا يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ النُّبُوَّةُ أَخْرَجَهَا اللَّهُ مِنْ صُلْبِكَ لِأَنَّكَ لَمْ تَقُمْ إِلَى أَبِيكَ فَحَطَّ اللَّهُ نُورَهُ وَ مَحَا النُّبُوَّةَ مِنْ صُلْبِهِ وَ جَعَلَهَا فِي وُلْدِ لَاوَى أَخِي يُوسُفَ وَ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّهُمْ لَمَّا أَرَادُوا قَتْلَ يُوسُفَ قَالَ لا تَقْتُلُوا يُوسُفَ وَ أَلْقُوهُ فِي غَيابَتِ الْجُبِ فَشَكَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَمَّا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَرْجِعُوا إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ مِنْ مِصْرَ وَ قَدْ حَبَسَ يُوسُفُ أَخَاهُ قَالَ فَلَنْ أَبْرَحَ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لِي أَبِي أَوْ يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ لِي وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الْحاكِمِينَ فَشَكَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَكَانَ أَنْبِيَاءُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنْ وُلْدِ لَاوَى بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع وَ كَانَ مُوسَى مِنْ وُلْدِهِ وَ هُوَ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ يَهْصِرَ بْنِ وَاهِيثَ بْنِ لَاوَى بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ لِابْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ أَخْبِرْنِي مَا فَعَلَ بِكَ إِخْوَتُكَ حِينَ أَخْرَجُوكَ مِنْ عِنْدِي- قَالَ يَا أَبَتِ أَعْفِنِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي بِبَعْضِهِ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَتِ إِنَّهُمْ لَمَّا أَدْنَوْنِي مِنَ الْجُبِّ قَالُوا انْزِعْ قَمِيصَكَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ يَا إِخْوَتِي اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ لَا تُجَرِّدُونِي فَسَلُّوا عَلَيَّ السِّكِّينَ وَ قَالُوا لَئِنْ لَمْ تَنْزِعْ لَنَذْبَحَنَّكَ فَنَزَعْتُ الْقَمِيصَ وَ أَلْقَوْنِي فِي الْجُبِّ عُرْيَاناً قَالَ فَشَهَقَ يَعْقُوبُ شَهْقَةً وَ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ حَدِّثْنِي فَقَالَ يَا أَبَتِ أَسْأَلُكَ بِإِلَهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ إِلَّا أَعْفَيْتَنِي فَأَعْفَاهُ قَالَ وَ لَمَّا مَاتَ الْعَزِيزُ وَ ذَلِكَ فِي السِّنِينَ الْجَدْبَةِ افْتَقَرَتِ امْرَأَةُ الْعَزِيزِ وَ احْتَاجَتْ حَتَّى سَأَلَتِ النَّاسَ فَقَالُوا لَهَا مَا يَضُرُّكِ لَوْ قَعَدْتِ لِلْعَزِيزِ وَ كَانَ يُوسُفُ سُمِّيَ الْعَزِيزَ فَقَالَتْ أَسْتَحْيِي مِنْهُ فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا بِهَا حَتَّى قَعَدَتْ لَهُ فَأَقْبَلَ يُوسُفُ فِي مَوْكِبِهِ فَقَامَتْ إِلَيْهِ وَ قَالَتْ سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الْمُلُوكَ بِالْمَعْصِيَةِ عَبِيداً وَ جَعَلَ الْعَبِيدَ بِالطَّاعَةِ مُلُوكاً فَقَالَ لَهَا يُوسُفُ أَنْتِ هَاتِيكِ فَقَالَتْ نَعَمْ وَ كَانَتِ اسْمُهَا زَلِيخَا فَأَمَرَ بِهَا وَ حُوِّلَتْ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ وَ كَانَتْ هَرِمَةً فَقَالَ لَهَا يُوسُفُ أَ لَسْتِ فَعَلْتِ بِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَقَالَتْ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ لَا تَلُمْنِي فَإِنِّي بُلِيتُ بِثَلَاثَةٍ لَمْ يُبْلَ بِهَا أَحَدٌ قَالَ وَ مَا هِيَ قَالَتْ بُلِيتُ بِحُبِّكَ وَ لَمْ يَخْلُقِ اللَّهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا لَكَ نَظِيراً وَ بُلِيتُ بِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِمِصْرَ امْرَأَةٌ أَجْمَلَ مِنِّي وَ لَا أَكْثَرَ مَالًا مِنِّي نُزِعَ عَنِّي فَقَالَ لَهَا يُوسُفُ فَمَا حَاجَتُكِ قَالَتْ تَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ شَبَابِي فَسَأَلَ اللَّهَ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهَا شَبَابَهَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا وَ هِيَ بِكْرٌ
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ قَدْ شَغَفَها حُبًّا يَقُولُ قَدْ حَجَبَهَا حُبُّهُ عَنِ النَّاسِ فَلَا تَعْقِلُ غَيْرَهُ وَ الْحِجَابُ هُوَ الشَّغَافُ وَ الشَّغَافُ هُوَ حِجَابُ الْقَلْبِ
And in a report by Abu Al Jaroud, from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His Words: His love has overwhelmed her [12:30]. He-azwj is Saying love for him had veiled her from the people so she could not understand anything else; and the veilng is the ‘Shigaf’ (being overwhelmed), and being overwhelmed, it is the veil of the heart’.[52]
18- لي، الأمالي للصدوق مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ الزَّنْجَانِيُّ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى الْعَنْبَرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ عَنْ جُوَيْرِيَةَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ قَالَ: وَجَدْتُ فِي بَعْضِ كُتُبِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّ يُوسُفَ ع مَرَّ فِي مَوْكِبِهِ عَلَى امْرَأَةِ الْعَزِيزِ وَ هِيَ جَالِسَةٌ عَلَى مَزْبَلَةٍ فَقَالَتْ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الْمُلُوكَ بِمَعْصِيَتِهِمْ عَبِيداً وَ جَعَلَ الْعَبِيدَ بِطَاعَتِهِمْ مُلُوكاً أَصَابَتْنَا فَاقَةٌ فَتَصَدَّقْ عَلَيْنَا فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ ع غُمُوطُ النِّعَمِ سُقْمُ دَوَامِهَا فَرَاجِعِي مَا يُمَحِّصُ عَنْكِ دَنَسَ الْخَطِيئَةِ فَإِنَّ مَحَلَّ الِاسْتِجَابَةِ قُدْسُ الْقُلُوبِ وَ طَهَارَةُ الْأَعْمَالِ فَقَالَتْ مَا اشْتَمَلْتُ بَعْدُ عَلَى هَيْئَةِ التَّأَثُّمِ وَ إِنِّي لَأَسْتَحْيِي أَنْ يَرَى اللَّهُ لِي مَوْقِفَ اسْتِعْطَافٍ وَ لَهَا تُهَرِيقُ الْعَيْنُ عَبْرَتَهَا وَ يُؤَدِّي الْحَسَدُ نَدَامَةً فَقَالَ لَهَا يُوسُفُ فَجِدِّي فَالسَّبِيلُ هَدَفُ الْإِمْكَانِ قَبْلَ مُزَاحَمَةِ الْعُدَّةِ وَ نَفَادِ الْمُدَّةِ فَقَالَتْ هُوَ عَقِيدَتِي وَ سَيَبْلُغُكَ إِنْ بَقِيتَ بَعْدِي فَأَمَرَ لَهَا بِقِنْطَارٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَقَالَتْ الْقُوتُ بَتَّةٌ مَا كُنْتُ لِأَرْجِعَ إِلَى الْخَفْضِ وَ أَنَا مَأْسُورَةٌ فِي السَّخَطِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ وُلْدِ يُوسُفَ لِيُوسُفَ يَا أَبَهْ مَنْ هَذِهِ الَّتِي قَدْ تَفَتَّتَ لَهَا كَبِدِي وَ رَقَّ لَهَا قَلْبِي قَالَ هَذِهِ دَابَّةُ التَّرَحِ فِي حِبَالِ الِانْتِقَامِ فَتَزَوَّجَهَا يُوسُفُ ع فَوَجَدَهَا بِكْراً فَقَالَ أَنَّى وَ قَدْ كَانَ لَكِ بَعْلٌ فَقَالَتْ كَانَ مَحْصُوراً بِفَقْدِ الْحَرَكَةِ وَ صَرْدِ الْمَجَارِي
(Judeo Christian literature)[53]
19- لي، الأمالي للصدوق الْعَطَّارُ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْبَطَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقِ ع مَا كَانَ دُعَاءُ يُوسُفَ ع فِي الْجُبِّ فَإِنَّا قَدْ اخْتَلَفْنَا فِيهِ
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheylh Al Sadouq – Al Attar, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Abdul Jabbar, from Ibn Al Batainy, from his father, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘What was the supplication of Yusuf-as in the well for we have differed regarding it?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ يُوسُفَ ع لَمَّا صَارَ فِي الْجُبِّ وَ أَيِسَ مِنَ الْحَيَاةِ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَتِ الْخَطَايَا وَ الذُّنُوبُ قَدْ أَخْلَقَتْ وَجْهِي عِنْدَكَ فَلَنْ تَرْفَعَ لِي إِلَيْكَ صَوْتاً وَ لَنْ تَسْتَجِيبَ لِي دَعْوَةً فَإِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ الشَّيْخِ يَعْقُوبَ فَارْحَمْ ضَعْفَهُ وَ اجْمَعْ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ رِقَّتَهُ عَلَيَّ وَ شَوْقِي إِلَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘When Yusuf-as came to be in the well and despaired from the life, he-as said: ‘O Allah-azwj! If there were the mistakes and the sins, I-as have turned with my-as face in Your-azwj Presence, never Raise for me-as any voice to You-azwj and never Answer my-as supplication for me-as. I-as ask You-azwj for the sake of the old man Yaqoub-as, have Mercy on his-as weakness and Gather between me-as and him-as, for You-azwj Know of his-as tenderness towards me-as and my-as desire to him-as’’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ بَكَى أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقُ ع ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ أَنَا أَقُولُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then Abu Abdullah Al-Sadiq-asws cried, then said: ‘And I-asws am saying:
اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَتِ الْخَطَايَا وَ الذُّنُوبُ قَدْ أَخْلَقَتْ وَجْهِي عِنْدَكَ فَلَنْ تَرْفَعَ لِي إِلَيْكَ صَوْتاً فَإِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِكَ فَلَيْسَ كَمِثْلِكَ شَيْءٌ وَ أَتَوَجَّهُ إِلَيْكَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيِّكَ نَبِيِّ الرَّحْمَةِ يَا اللَّهُ يَا اللَّهُ يَا اللَّهُ يَا اللَّهُ
‘O Allah-azwj! If there were the mistakes and the sins, so I-asws have turned myself-asws in Your-azwj Presence, never Raise for me-asws any voice to You-azwj. I-asws ask You-azwj by You-azwj, for there isn’t anything like You-azwj, and I-as divert to You-azwj, by Muhammad-saww, Your-azwj Prophet-saww, Prophet-saww of Mercy. O Allah-azwj! O Allah-azwj! O Allah-azwj! O Allah-azwj! O Allah-azwj!’
يَا اللَّهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قُولُوا هَذَا وَ أَكْثِرُوا مِنْهُ فَإِنِّي كَثِيراً مَا أَقُولُهُ عِنْدَ الْكُرَبِ الْعِظَامِ
Then Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Be saying this, and frequent from it, for I-asws frequent what I-asws said, during the great worries’’.[54]
20- لي، الأمالي للصدوق ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَمَّنْ سَمِعَ أَبَا سَيَّارٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقَ ع يَقُولُ جَاءَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع إِلَى يُوسُفَ ع وَ هُوَ فِي السِّجْنِ فَقَالَ قُلْ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ مَفْرُوضَةٍ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ لِي مِنْ أَمْرِي فَرَجاً وَ مَخْرَجاً وَ ارْزُقْنِي مِنْ حَيْثُ أَحْتَسِبُ وَ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا أَحْتَسِبُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Sadouq – Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hamad Bin Usman, from the one who heard Abu Sayyar saying,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah Al-Sadiq-asws saying: ‘Jibraeel-as came to Yusuf-as while he-as was in the prison, and he-as said: ‘Say at the end of every Obligatory Salat:
اللهم اجعل لي من أمري فرجا ومخرجا، وارزقني من حيث أحتسب ومن حيث لا أحتسب ” ثلاث مرات.
‘O Allah-azwj! Make for me-as from my-as affairs, a relief, a way out, and Grace me-as for when I-as anticipate and from where I-as do not anticipate’ – three times’’.[55]
21- مصبا، المصباحين فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ مِنْ مُحَرَّمٍ كَانَ خَلَاصُ يُوسُفَ ع مِنَ الْجُبِّ عَلَى مَا رُوِيَ فِي الْأَخْبَارِ
‘Al-Misbaheyn’ – In the third day of Muharram Yusuf-as was rescued from the well, based upon what is reported in the Hadeeth.[56]
22- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ فِي قَمِيصِ يُوسُفَ ثَلَاثُ آيَاتٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ جاؤُ عَلى قَمِيصِهِ بِدَمٍ كَذِبٍ وَ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنْ كانَ قَمِيصُهُ قُدَّ مِنْ قُبُلٍ الْآيَةَ وَ قَوْلِهِ اذْهَبُوا بِقَمِيصِي هذا الْآيَةَ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Sa’ad Abady, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There were three Verses regarding the shirt of Yusuf-as in the Words of the Exalted: ‘And they came with his shirt with false blood on it [12:18], and the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: if his shirt was torn from the front, [12:26] – the Verse, and His-azwj Words: Go with this shirt of mine [12:93] – the Verse’’.[57]
23- لي، الأمالي للصدوق الطَّالَقَانِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ عَنِ الْمُنْذِرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ تَغْلِبَ عَنِ ابْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا أَصَابَ آلَ يَعْقُوبَ مَا أَصَابَ النَّاسَ مِنْ ضِيقِ الطَّعَامِ جَمَعَ يَعْقُوبُ بَنِيهِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ يَا بَنِيَّ إِنَّهُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ يُبَاعُ بِمِصْرَ طَعَامٌ طَيِّبٌ وَ أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُ رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ لَا يَحْبِسُ النَّاسَ فَاذْهَبُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ اشْتَرُوا مِنْهُ طَعَاماً فَإِنَّهُ سَيُحْسِنُ إِلَيْكُمْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Sadouq – Al Talaqani, from Ahmad Al Hamdani, from Al Munzir Bin Muhammad, from Ja’far Bin Suleyman, from Abdullah Bin Al Mufazzal, from Aban Bin Usman, from Ibn Taghlib, from Ibn Jubeyr, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘When it afflicted the family of Yaqoub-as what afflicted the people, from the straitness of food. Yaqoub-as gathered his sons. He-ass said to them: ‘O my-as sons! It has reached me that good food is being sold in Egypt and its ruler is ar githeous man, not withholding it from the people. Go to him and buy food from him for he will be good to you, if Allah-azwj Desires!’
فَتَجَهَّزُوا وَ سَارُوا حَتَّى وَرَدُوا مِصْرَ فَأُدْخِلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ ع فَعَرَفَهُمْ وَ هُمْ لَهُ مُنْكِرُونَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مَنْ أَنْتُمْ قَالُوا نَحْنُ أَوْلَادُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَ نَحْنُ مِنْ جَبَلِ كَنْعَانَ
They equipped and travelled until they arrived at Egypt. They entered to see Yusuf-as, he recognised them, and they were not knowing him [12:58]. He-as said to them: ‘Who are you?’ They said, ‘We are the children of Yaqoub Bin Is’haq Bin Ibrahim-as, Friend of the Beneficent, and we are from mount Canaan!’
قَالَ يُوسُفُ وَلَدَكُمْ إِذاً ثَلَاثَةُ أَنْبِيَاءَ وَ مَا أَنْتُمْ بِحُلَمَاءَ وَ لَا فِيكُمْ وَقَارٌ وَ لَا خُشُوعٌ فَلَعَلَّكُمْ جَوَاسِيسُ لِبَعْضِ الْمُلُوكِ جِئْتُمْ إِلَى بِلَادِي
Yusuf-as said, ‘Then you have been begotten by three Prophets-as, but neither are you forbearing nor is there dignity in you, nor humbleness! Perhaps you are spies for one of the kings coming to my-as land!’
فَقَالُوا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ لَسْنَا بِجَوَاسِيسَ وَ لَا أَصْحَابَ الْحَرْبِ وَ لَوْ تَعْلَمُ بِأَبِينَا إِذاً لَكَرُمْنَا عَلَيْكَ فَإِنَّهُ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ وَ ابْنُ أَنْبِيَائِهِ وَ إِنَّهُ لَمَحْزُونٌ
They said, ‘O king! We are neither spies nor participants of war, and had you-as known of our father-as then we would have been honourable unto you, for he-as is a Prophet of Allah-azwj and a son-as of His-azwj Prophets-as, and he-as is grieving’.
قَالَ لَهُمْ يُوسُفُ فَمِمَّا حُزْنُهُ وَ هُوَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ وَ ابْنُ أَنْبِيَائِهِ وَ الْجَنَّةُ مَأْوَاهُ وَ هُوَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْكُمْ فِي مِثْلِ عَدَدِكُمْ وَ قُوَّتِكُمْ فَلَعَلَّ حُزْنَهُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِنْ قِبَلِ سَفَهِكُمْ وَ جَهْلِكُمْ وَ كَذِبِكُمْ وَ كَيْدِكُمْ وَ مَكْرِكُمْ
Yusuf-as said to them: ‘What is he-as grieving for and he-as is a Prophet-as of Allah-azwj and a son-as of His-azwj Prophets-as, and the Paradise is his-as abode, and he-as is is looking at you all, in your large numbers and your strength, so perhaps his-as grief is from before your foolishness, and your ignorance, and your lies, and your plot, and your deceit?’
قَالُوا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ لَسْنَا بِجُهَّالٍ وَ لَا سُفَهَاءَ وَ لَا أَتَاهُ الْحُزْنُ مِنْ قِبَلِنَا وَ لَكِنْ كَانَ لَهُ ابْنٌ كَانَ أَصْغَرَنَا سِنّاً يُقَالُ لَهُ يُوسُفُ فَخَرَجَ مَعَنَا إِلَى الصَّيْدِ فَأَكَلَهُ الذِّئْبُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بَعْدَهُ كَئِيباً حَزِيناً بَاكِياً
They said, ‘O king! We are neither ignorant, nor foolish, nor did the grief come from our direction, but there was a son-as of his-as who was our-as youngest in age, called ‘Yusuf’. He-as went out with us to the hunting but the wolf devoured him, so he-as has not ceased to be gloomy, grieving, crying after it.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ يُوسُفُ ع كُلُّكُمْ مِنْ أَبٍ وَاحِدٍ
Yusuf-as said to them: ‘All of you are from one father?’
قَالُوا أَبُونَا وَاحِدٌ وَ أُمَّهَاتُنَا شَتَّى
They said, ‘Our father is one and our mothers are various’.
قَالَ فَمَا حَمَلَ أَبَاكُمْ عَلَى أَنْ سَرَّحَكُمْ كُلَّكُمْ أَلَّا حَبَسَ مِنْكُمْ وَاحِداً يَأْنَسُ بِهِ وَ يَسْتَرِيحُ إِلَيْهِ
He-as said: ‘So what carried your father upon sending all of you? Didn’t he hold back one of you to be comforted with and to be rested to?’
قَالُوا قَدْ فَعَلَ قَدْ حَبَسَ مِنَّا وَاحِداً هُوَ أَصْغَرُنَا سِنّاً
They said, ‘He-as has done so! He-as has withheld one of us. He is our youngest in age’.
قَالَ وَ لِمَ اخْتَارَهُ لِنَفْسِهِ مِنْ بَيْنِكُمْ
He-as said: ‘And did he-as choose him-as for himself from among you all?’
قَالُوا لِأَنَّهُ أَحَبُّ أَوْلَادِهِ إِلَيْهِ بَعْدَ يُوسُفَ
They said, ‘Because he is the most beloved of his children to him, after Yusuf-as’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ يُوسُفُ ع إِنِّي أَحْبِسُ مِنْكُمْ وَاحِداً يَكُونُ عِنْدِي وَ ارْجِعُوا إِلَى أَبِيكُمْ وَ أَقْرِءُوهُ مِنِّي السَّلَامَ وَ قُولُوا لَهُ يُرْسِلْ إِلَيَّ بِابْنِهِ الَّذِي زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّهُ حَبَسَهُ عِنْدَهُ لِيُخْبِرَنِي عَنْ حُزْنِهِ مَا الَّذِي أَحْزَنَهُ وَ عَنْ سُرْعَةِ الشَّيْبِ إِلَيْهِ قَبْلَ أَوَانِ مَشِيبِهِ وَ عَنْ بُكَائِهِ وَ ذَهَابِ بَصَرِهِ
Yusuf-as said to them: ‘I-as shall withhold one of you to be with me-as, and return to your father-as and convey him-as the greeting from me-as and tell him to send his-as son to me-as, the one whom you are claiming he-as is being withheld with him. Let him-as inform me-as about his-as grief. What is that which grieves him-as, and about the quickness of the grey hair to him-as before the time of old age, and about his-as crying and the loss of his-as sight’.
فَلَمَّا قَالَ هَذَا اقْتَرَعُوا بَيْنَهُمْ فَخَرَجَتِ الْقُرْعَةُ عَلَى شَمْعُونَ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَحُبِسَ فَلَمَّا وَدَّعُوا شَمْعُونَ قَالَ لَهُمْ يَا إِخْوَتَاهْ انْظُرُوا مَا ذَا وَقَعْتُ فِيهِ وَ أَقْرِءُوا وَالِدِي مِنِّي السَّلَامَ
When he-as said this, they drew lots between them. The lot came upon Shamoun, so he was ordered with and he was withheld. When they bade farewell to Shamoun, he said to them, ‘O brothers! Look at what has occurred regarding him-as and convey my father-as the greeting from me’.
فَوَدَّعُوهُ وَ سَارُوا حَتَّى وَرَدُوا الشَّامَ وَ دَخَلُوا عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ ع وَ سَلَّمُوا عَلَيْهِ سَلَاماً ضَعِيفاً فَقَالَ لَهُمْ يَا بَنِيَّ مَا لَكُمْ تُسَلِّمُونَ سَلَاماً ضَعِيفاً وَ مَا لِي لَا أَسْمَعُ فِيكُمْ صَوْتَ خَلِيلِي شَمْعُونَ
They bade farewell to him and travelled until they arrived at Syria and entered to see Yaqoub-as, and they greeted unto him-as a feeble greeting. He-as said to them: ‘O my-as sons! What is the matter you are greeting me-as with a feeble greeting, and what is the matter I-as cannot hear among you the voice of my-as friend Shamoun?’
قَالُوا يَا أَبَانَا إِنَّا جِئْنَاكَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَعْظَمِ النَّاسِ مُلْكاً لَمْ يَرَ النَّاسُ مِثْلَهُ حُكْماً وَ عِلْماً وَ خُشُوعاً وَ سَكِينَةً وَ وَقَاراً وَ لَئِنْ كَانَ لَكَ شَبِيهٌ فَإِنَّهُ لَشَبِيهُكَ وَ لَكِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ خُلِقْنَا لِلْبَلَاءِ اتَّهَمَنَا الْمَلِكُ وَ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ لَا يُصَدِّقُنَا حَتَّى تُرْسِلَ مَعَنَا بِابْنِ يَامِينَ بِرِسَالَةٍ مِنْكَ يُخْبِرُهُ عَنْ حُزْنِكَ وَ عَنْ سُرْعَةِ الشَّيْبِ إِلَيْكَ قَبْلَ أَوَانِ الْمَشِيبِ وَ عَنْ بُكَائِكَ وَ ذَهَابِ بَصَرِكَ
They said, ‘O our father-as! We have come to you from the presence of mightiest of the people, a king the people have not seen the likes of him-as in wisdom, and knowledge, and humbleness, and calmness, and dignity, and had there been a resemblance of you-as, he-as would resemble you-as, but we are people of the Household. We have been Created for the afflictions. The king accused us and claims he will not ratify us until you-as send Benyamin-as with us with a message from you-as, to inform him of your grief, and about the quickness of the grey hair to you-as before the old age, and about your-as crying and the loss of your-as sight!’
فَظَنَّ يَعْقُوبُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ مَكْرٌ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ يَا بَنِيَّ بِئْسَ الْعَادَةُ عَادَتُكُمْ كُلَّمَا خَرَجْتُمْ فِي وَجْهٍ نَقَصَ مِنْكُمْ وَاحِدٌ لَا أُرْسِلُهُ مَعَكُمْ فَ لَمَّا فَتَحُوا مَتاعَهُمْ وَجَدُوا بِضاعَتَهُمْ رُدَّتْ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلْمٍ مِنْهُمْ
Yaqoub-as thought that it was a plot from them. He-as said to them: ‘O my-as sons! Evil is your habit. Every time you go out in a direction, one of you is reduced. I-as will not sent him with you!’ And when they opened their goods, they found their merchandise having been returned to them [12:65], from without any knowledge from them.
أَقْبَلُوا إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ فَرِحِينَ قَالُوا يَا أَبَانَا مَا رَأَى النَّاسُ مِثْلَ هَذَا الْمَلِكِ أَشَدَّ اتِّقَاءً لِلْإِثْمِ مِنْهُ رَدَّ عَلَيْنَا بِضَاعَتَنَا مَخَافَةَ الْإِثْمِ وَ هِيَ بِضاعَتُنا رُدَّتْ إِلَيْنا وَ نَمِيرُ أَهْلَنا وَ نَحْفَظُ أَخانا وَ نَزْدادُ كَيْلَ بَعِيرٍ ذلِكَ كَيْلٌ يَسِيرٌ
They turned to their father rejoicing. They said, ‘O our father-as! The people have not seen any king like this one! He-as is of intense fear of the sin from him. He-as has returned our merchandise to you fearing the sin, and here is our merchandise having been returned to us, and we shall bring grain for our family and we will protect our brother and increase the measure of a camel load. That would be an easily-gained measure’ [12:65]’.
قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ أَنَّ ابْنَ يَامِينَ أَحَبُّكُمْ إِلَيَّ بَعْدَ أَخِيكُمْ يُوسُفَ وَ بِهِ أُنْسِي وَ إِلَيْهِ سُكُونِي مِنْ بَيْنِ جَمَاعَتِكُمْ فَ لَنْ أُرْسِلَهُ مَعَكُمْ حَتَّى تُؤْتُونِ مَوْثِقاً مِنَ اللَّهِ لَتَأْتُنَّنِي بِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُحاطَ بِكُمْ
Yaqoub-as said: ‘You do know that Benyamin-as is the most beloved of you to me -as after your brother Yusuf-as, and I-as am comforted with him-as and to him-as is my calmness from between your (whole) group. ‘I will never send him with you until you give me a firm covenant from Allah that you would be coming back with him, until you are surrounded’[12:66].
فَضَمِنَهُ يَهُودَا فَخَرَجُوا حَتَّى وَرَدُوا مِصْرَ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ ع فَقَالَ لَهُمْ هَلْ بَلَّغْتُمْ رِسَالَتِي قَالُوا نَعَمْ وَ قَدْ جِئْنَاكَ بِجَوَابِهَا مَعَ هَذَا الْغُلَامِ فَسَلْهُ عَمَّا بَدَا لَكَ
Yehouda guaranteed him-as. They went out until they arrived at Egypt. They entered to see Yusuf. He said to them: ‘Did you convey my message?’ They said, ‘Yes, and we have come to you with the answer with this boy, so ask him about whatever comes to you!’
قَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ بِمَا أَرْسَلَكَ أَبُوكَ إِلَيَّ يَا غُلَامُ قَالَ أَرْسَلَنِي إِلَيْكَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ إِنَّكَ أَرْسَلْتَ إِلَيَّ تَسْأَلُنِي عَنْ حُزْنِي وَ عَنْ سُرْعَةِ الشَّيْبِ إِلَيَّ قَبْلَ أَوَانِ الْمَشِيبِ وَ عَنْ بُكَائِي وَ ذَهَابِ بَصَرِي
Yusuf-as said to him: ‘With what has your-as father-as sent you-as to me-as, O boy?’ He-as said: ‘He-as has sent me-as to you-as, conveying the greeting to you-as and says: ‘You-as sent a message to me-as asking me-as about my-as grief and about the quickness of the grey hair to me-as before the time of old age, and about my-as crying and the loss of my-as sight.
فَإِنَّ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ حُزْناً وَ خَوْفاً أَذْكَرُهُمْ لِلْمَعَادِ وَ إِنَّمَا أَسْرَعَ الشَّيْبُ إِلَيَّ قَبْلَ أَوَانِ الْمَشِيبِ لِذِكْرِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ أَبْكَانِي وَ بَيَّضَ عَيْنِيَ الْحُزْنُ عَلَى حَبِيبِي يُوسُفَ وَ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي حُزْنُكَ بِحُزْنِي وَ اهْتِمَامُكَ بِأَمْرِي فَكَانَ اللَّهُ لَكَ جَازِياً وَ مُثِيباً
Surely, the most intense of the people in grief and fear is your most reminding of the Hereafter, and rather the quickness of the grey hair to me-as before the time of old after is my-as remembering the Day of Qiyamah, and my-as crying and the whiteness of my-as eyes is (due) to the grief upon my-as beloved Yusuf-as, and your-as grief at my grief-as and your-as concern of my-as matter has reached me-as. Allah-azwj will be Recompensing you-as and Rewarding you-as.
وَ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَصِلَنِي بِشَيْءٍ أَنَا أَشَدُّ فَرَحاً بِهِ مِنْ أَنْ تُعَجِّلَ عَلَيَّ وَلَدِي ابْنَ يَامِينَ فَإِنَّهُ أَحَبُّ أَوْلَادِي إِلَيَّ بَعْدَ يُوسُفَ فَأُونِسَ بِهِ وَحْشَتِي وَ أَصِلَ بِهِ وَحْدَتِي تُعَجِّلَ عَلَيَّ بِمَا أَسْتَعِينُ بِهِ عَلَى عِيَالِي
You-as will not connect me-as with anything -as I would be more intensely rejoicing with than if you-as were to hasten to me-as my-as son Benyamin-as, for he-as is the most beloved of my-as children to me-as after Yusuf-as! I-as am comforted with him-as in my-as loneliness, and companionship in my-as solitude. Hasten to me-as with what I can be assisted with upon my-as dependants.
فَلَمَّا قَالَ هَذَا خَنَقَتْ يُوسُفَ ع الْعَبْرَةُ وَ لَمْ يَصْبِرْ حَتَّى قَامَ فَدَخَلَ الْبَيْتَ وَ بَكَى سَاعَةً ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ أَمَرَ لَهُمْ بِطَعَامٍ وَ قَالَ لِيَجْلِسْ كُلُّ بَنِي أُمٍّ عَلَى مَائِدَةٍ فَجَلَسُوا وَ بَقِيَ ابْنُ يَامِينَ قَائِماً فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ مَا لَكَ لَمْ تَجْلِسْ فَقَالَ لَهُ لَيْسَ لِي فِيهِمْ ابْنُ أُمٍّ
When he-as said this, Yusuf-as choked with tears and could not be patient until he-as stood up and entered the room and cried for a while. Then, he-as came out to them and ordered for the meal for them and said: ‘Let each son of a mother sit (together) upon the table!’ They were seated while Benyamin-as remained standing. Yusuf -as said to him-as: ‘What is the matter you-as are not sitting?’ He-as said to him-as: ‘There isn’t any son of my-as mother among them’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ أَ فَمَا كَانَ لَكَ ابْنُ أُمٍّ فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ يَامِينَ بَلَى فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ فَمَا فَعَلَ قَالَ زَعَمَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَنَّ الذِّئْبَ أَكَلَهُ قَالَ فَمَا بَلَغَ مِنْ حُزْنِكَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ وُلِدَ لِي اثْنَا عَشَرَ ابْناً كُلُّهُمُ أَشْتَقُّ لَهُ اسْماً مِنِ اسْمِهِ
Yusuf-as said to him: ‘Wasn’t there a son of a mother for you-as?’ Benyamin-as said to him-as: ‘Yes’. Yusuf-as said to him: ‘What happened?’ He-as said: ‘They claimed that the wolf devoured him-as’. He-as said: ‘What did your grief upon him-as reach?’ He-as said: ‘Twelve sons have been born for me-as. All of them, I-as derived for him-as a name from his-as name’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ ع أَرَاكَ قَدْ عَانَقْتَ النِّسَاءَ وَ شَمِمْتَ الْوَلَدَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ يَامِينَ إِنَّ لِي أَباً صَالِحاً وَ إِنَّهُ قَالَ لِي تَزَوَّجْ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُخْرِجُ مِنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً يُثْقِلُ الْأَرْضَ بِالتَّسْبِيحِ
Yusuf-as said to him: ‘I-as see you have embraced the women and smelt the children from after him-as’. Benyamin said to him-as: ‘There is a righteous father for me-as and he-as said to me-as: ‘Get married, perhaps Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will Extract such offspring from you-as the earth will be heavy with the Glorification’’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ تَعَالَ فَاجْلِسْ عَلَى مَائِدَتِي فَقَالَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ لَقَدْ فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخَاهُ حَتَّى إِنَّ الْمَلِكَ قَدْ أَجْلَسَهُ مَعَهُ عَلَى مَائِدَتِهِ
Yusuf-as said to him: ‘Come, sit at my-as table!’ The brothers of Yusuf -as said: ‘Allah-as Merited Yusuf-as and his-as brother-as to the extent that even the king sits him-as with him-as at his-as table!’
فَأَمَرَ يُوسُفُ أَنْ يُجْعَلَ صُوَاعُ الْمَلِكِ فِي رَحْلِ ابْنِ يَامِينَ فَلَمَّا تَجَهَّزُوا أَذَّنَ مُؤَذِّنٌ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ قالُوا وَ أَقْبَلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ ما ذا تَفْقِدُونَ قالُوا نَفْقِدُ صُواعَ الْمَلِكِ وَ لِمَنْ جاءَ بِهِ حِمْلُ بَعِيرٍ وَ أَنَا بِهِ زَعِيمٌ قالُوا تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ ما جِئْنا لِنُفْسِدَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ ما كُنَّا سارِقِينَ
Yusuf-as instructed to make the king’s cup to be in the saddle bag of Benyamin-as. When they were ready (to leave): Then a proclaimer proclaimed, ‘O caravan! You are stealing!’ [12:70] They said while they were facing them, ‘What is that which you are missing?’ [12:71] They said, ‘We miss the king’s drinking cup, and the one who comes with it would be given a camel-load, as I am responsible for it’ [12:72] They said, ‘By Allah! You have known that we did not come for corruption in the land, and we are not thieves’ [12:73].
وَ كَانَ الرَّسْمَ فِيهِمْ وَ الْحُكْمَ أَنَّ السَّارِقَ يُسْتَرَقُّ وَ لَا يُقْطَعُ قالُوا فَما جَزاؤُهُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ كاذِبِينَ قالُوا جَزاؤُهُ مَنْ وُجِدَ فِي رَحْلِهِ فَهُوَ جَزاؤُهُ كَذلِكَ نَجْزِي الظَّالِمِينَ فَبَدَأَ بِأَوْعِيَتِهِمْ قَبْلَ وِعاءِ أَخِيهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَخْرَجَها مِنْ وِعاءِ أَخِيهِ
And it used to be the norm among them and the ruling that if a thief steals, he (his hands) would not be cut. They said, ‘So what would be its recompense if you were liars?’ [12:74] They said, ‘Its recompense is, the one in whose bag it is found to be, then he would be its recompense. Like that we recompense the unjust ones’ [12:75] So it (the search) was begun with their bags before the bag of his brother (Benyamin), then it was extracted from the bag of his brother [12:76].
فَحَبَسَهُ فَقَالَ إِخْوَتُهُ لَمَّا أَصَابُوا الصُّوَاعَ فِي وِعَاءِ ابْنِ يَامِينَ إِنْ يَسْرِقْ فَقَدْ سَرَقَ أَخٌ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَأَسَرَّها يُوسُفُ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَ لَمْ يُبْدِها لَهُمْ قالَ أَنْتُمْ شَرٌّ مَكاناً وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِما تَصِفُونَ
He-as was withheld. His-as brother said when they attained the cup in the bag of Benyamin-as: They (brothers) said, ‘If he has stolen, then a brother of his did indeed steal from before’. But Yusuf kept it secret within himself and did not disclose it to them. He said: ‘You are in a bad situation and Allah is more Knowing with what you are describing [12:77].
قالُوا يا أَيُّهَا الْعَزِيزُ إِنَّ لَهُ أَباً شَيْخاً كَبِيراً فَخُذْ أَحَدَنا مَكانَهُ إِنَّا نَراكَ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ قالَ مَعاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ إِلَّا مَنْ وَجَدْنا مَتاعَنا عِنْدَهُ إِنَّا إِذاً لَظالِمُونَ
They said, ‘O chief! There is a father of his, old-aged, so take one of us in his place. Surely we see you as being from the good doers’ [12:78] He said: ‘Allah Forbid that we should take except for the one in whose possession we found our belongings, or else we would be from the unjust ones’ [12:79].
فَلَمَّا اسْتَيْأَسُوا مِنْهُ خَلَصُوا نَجِيًّا قالَ كَبِيرُهُمْ أَ لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ أَباكُمْ قَدْ أَخَذَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَوْثِقاً مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ قَبْلُ ما فَرَّطْتُمْ فِي يُوسُفَ فَلَنْ أَبْرَحَ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لِي أَبِي أَوْ يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ لِي وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الْحاكِمِينَ
So when they had despaired from him, they concluded whispering. Their eldest one said, ‘Do you not know that your father has taken a firm covenant from Allah upon you, and from beforehand what you had fabricated regarding Yusuf? Therefore, I will never depart (from this) land until my father permits for me or Allah Decides for me, and He is the best of the deciders [12:80].
ارْجِعُوا إِلى أَبِيكُمْ فَقُولُوا يا أَبانا إِنَّ ابْنَكَ سَرَقَ وَ ما شَهِدْنا إِلَّا بِما عَلِمْنا وَ ما كُنَّا لِلْغَيْبِ حافِظِينَ وَ سْئَلِ الْقَرْيَةَ الَّتِي كُنَّا فِيها وَ الْعِيرَ الَّتِي أَقْبَلْنا فِيها وَ إِنَّا لَصادِقُونَ
Go back to your father and say: ‘O our father! Your son stole, and we do not testify except with what we know, and we could not watch the unseen [12:81] And ask the town (people) which we were in, and the caravan among which we returned, and that we are truthful’ [12:82].
فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ قَالُوا ذَلِكَ لَهُ قَالَ إِنَّ ابْنِي لَا يَسْرِقُ بَلْ سَوَّلَتْ لَكُمْ أَنْفُسُكُمْ أَمْراً فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَنِي بِهِمْ جَمِيعاً إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُ
When they returned to their father-as, they said that to him-as. He-as said: ‘Surely my-as son did-as not steal, ‘But, your souls have enticed a matter for you, so patience is beautiful. Perhaps Allah will Bring them all to me; surely He is the Knowing, the Wise’ [12:83].
ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بَنِيهِ بِالتَّجْهِيزِ إِلَى مِصْرَ فَسَارُوا حَتَّى أَتَوْا مِصْرَ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ وَ دَفَعُوا إِلَيْهِ كِتَاباً مِنْ يَعْقُوبَ يَسْتَعْطِفُهُ فِيهِ وَ يَسْأَلُهُ رَدَّ وَلَدِهِ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ فِيهِ خَنَقَتْهُ الْعَبْرَةُ وَ لَمْ يَصْبِرْ حَتَّى قَامَ فَدَخَلَ الْبَيْتَ فَبَكَى سَاعَةً ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ
Then he-as instructed his-as sons to prepare to go to Egypt. They travelled until they came to Egypt. They entered to see Yusuf-as and handed to him-as a letter from Yaqoub-as. In it he-as sought to soften him-as and requested him-as to return his-as son to him. When he-as looked into it, the tears chokced him-as and he could not be patient until he-as stood up and entered the room. He-as cried for a while, then came out to them.
فَقَالُوا لَهُ يا أَيُّهَا الْعَزِيزُ مَسَّنا وَ أَهْلَنَا الضُّرُّ وَ جِئْنا بِبِضاعَةٍ مُزْجاةٍ فَأَوْفِ لَنَا الْكَيْلَ وَ تَصَدَّقْ عَلَيْنا إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَجْزِي الْمُتَصَدِّقِينَ
They said to him-as: ‘O Chief! Harm has touched us and our family and we came with merchandise of little value, but give us full measure and be charitable upon us, surely Allah Recompenses the charitable ones’ [12:88].
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ يُوسُفُ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ ما فَعَلْتُمْ بِيُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ إِذْ أَنْتُمْ جاهِلُونَ قالُوا أَ إِنَّكَ لَأَنْتَ يُوسُفُ قالَ أَنَا يُوسُفُ وَ هذا أَخِي قَدْ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنا إِنَّهُ مَنْ يَتَّقِ وَ يَصْبِرْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ قالُوا تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ آثَرَكَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنا وَ إِنْ كُنَّا لَخاطِئِينَ قالَ لا تَثْرِيبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَ هُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ
Yusuf-as said to them: ‘Do you know what you did with Yusuf and his brother when you were ignorant?’ [12:89] They said: ‘Are you indeed Yusuf?’ He said: ‘I am Yusuf and this is my brother (Benyamin). Allah has Conferred upon us. Surely one who fears and is patient, then Allah does not Waste a Recompense of the good doers’ [12:90] They said: ‘By Allah! Allah has Preferred you over us, and we were erroneous’ [12:91] He said: ‘(There shall be) no reproach against you today. May Allah Forgive you, and He is the most Merciful of the merciful ones [12:92].
ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمْ بِالانْصِرَافِ إِلَى يَعْقُوبَ وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ اذْهَبُوا بِقَمِيصِي هذا فَأَلْقُوهُ عَلى وَجْهِ أَبِي يَأْتِ بَصِيراً وَ أْتُونِي بِأَهْلِكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
Then he-as ordered them to leave to go to Yaqoub-as and said to them: Go with this shirt of mine and cast it upon my father’s face, he would regain his vision, and come to me with your family altogether’ [12:93].
فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ ع فَقَالَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ أَ لَا أُعَلِّمُكَ دُعَاءً يَرُدُّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ بِهِ بَصَرَكَ وَ يَرُدُّ عَلَيْكَ ابْنَيْكَ قَالَ بَلَى
Jibraeel-as came down unto Yaqoub-as. He said: ‘O Yaqoub-as! Shall I-as teach you a supplication by which Allah-azwj will Return your-as sight to you-as and Return your-as son to you-as?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ قُلْ مَا قَالَهُ أَبُوكَ آدَمُ فَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ مَا قَالَهُ نُوحٌ فَاسْتَوَتْ بِهِ سَفِينَتُهُ عَلَى الْجُودِيِّ وَ نَجَا مِنَ الْغَرَقِ وَ مَا قَالَهُ أَبُوكَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ خَلِيلُ الرَّحْمَنِ حِينَ أُلْقِيَ فِي النَّارِ فَجَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً
He-as said: ‘Say what your-as father-as Adam-as had said, so Allah-azwj Turned to him-as, and what Noah-as had said so his-as ship was stablised upon the (mount) Judy with him-as and he-as was saved from the drowning, and what your-as father-as Ibrahim-as, Friend of the Beneficent had said when he-as was thrown into the fire, so Allah-azwj Made it cool and safe upon him-as’.
فَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ مَا ذَاكَ يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ
Yaqoub-as said: ‘And what is that, O Jibraeel-as?’
فَقَالَ قُلْ يَا رَبِّ أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ أَنْ تَأْتِيَنِي بِيُوسُفَ وَ ابْنِ يَامِينَ جَمِيعاً وَ تَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ عَيْنَيَّ
He-as said: ‘Say: ‘O Lord-azwj! I-as ask You-azwj by the right of Muhammad-saww, and Ali-asws, and Fatima-asws, and Al Hassan-asws and Al Husayn-asws to Bring me-as Yusuf-as and Benyamin-as both together, and Return my-as eyes (sight) to me-as!’
فَمَا اسْتَتَمَّ يَعْقُوبُ هَذَا الدُّعَاءَ حَتَّى جَاءَ الْبَشِيرُ فَأَلْقَى قَمِيصَ يُوسُفَ عَلَيْهِ فَارْتَدَّ بَصِيراً فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَ لَمْ أَقُلْ لَكُمْ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ قالُوا يا أَبانَا اسْتَغْفِرْ لَنا ذُنُوبَنا إِنَّا كُنَّا خاطِئِينَ قالَ سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ
Yaqoub had not completed this supplication until the bearer of glad tidings came he cast it upon his face, and he regained his sight. He said (to them): ‘Did I not say to you that I know from Allah what you do not know?’ [12:96] They said, ‘O our father! Seek Forgiveness for us for our sins, surely we were erroneous’ [12:97]. Yusuf said: ‘Soon I will seek Forgiveness of my Lord for you all; surely He is the Forgiving, the Merciful’ [12:98]’.
فَرُوِيَ فِي خَبَرٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَخَّرَهُمْ إِلَى السَّحَرِ فَأَقْبَلَ يَعْقُوبُ إِلَى مِصْرَ وَ خَرَجَ يُوسُفُ لِيَسْتَقْبِلَهُ فَهَمَّ بِأَنْ يَتَرَجَّلَ لِيَعْقُوبَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مَا هُوَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْمُلْكِ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ
It has been reported in a Hadeeth from Al-Sadiq-asws, he said: ‘He-as delayed them up to the pre-dawn. Yaqoub-as came to Egypt and Yusuf-as came out to receive him-as. He-as thought of walking to Yaqoub-as, then remembered what (status) he-as was in of the kingdom, so did not do so.
فَنَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا يُوسُفُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ لَكَ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَنْزِلَ إِلَى عَبْدِيَ الصَّالِحِ مَا كُنْتَ فِيهِ ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ فَبَسَطَهَا فَخَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصَابِعِهِ نُورٌ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ هَذَا أَنَّهُ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ صُلْبِكَ نَبِيٌّ أَبَداً عُقُوبَةً بِمَا صَنَعْتَ بِيَعْقُوبَ إِذْ لَمْ تَنْزِلْ إِلَيْهِ
Jibraeel-as descended and said to him-as: ‘O Yusuf-as! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says to you-as: “What prevented you-as from descending to My righteous servant despite of what (status) you-as were in?” Extend your-as hand!’ Light came out from between his-as fingers. He-as said: ‘What is this, O Jibraeel-as?’ He-as said: ‘This is that no Prophet-as will come out from your-as lineage, ever, as a consequence of what you-as have done with Yaqoub-as, when you-as did not descend to him-as!’
فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ ادْخُلُوا مِصْرَ إِنْ شاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ وَ رَفَعَ أَبَوَيْهِ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ وَ خَرُّوا لَهُ سُجَّداً فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ لِيَعْقُوبَ يا أَبَتِ هذا تَأْوِيلُ رُءْيايَ مِنْ قَبْلُ قَدْ جَعَلَها رَبِّي حَقًّا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَوَفَّنِي مُسْلِماً وَ أَلْحِقْنِي بِالصَّالِحِينَ
Yusuf-as said: ‘Enter Egypt (to be) in safety, if Allah so Desires!’ [12:99] And he raised his parents upon the throne and they fell down to him in Sajdah to him, – and Yusuf-as said to Yaqoub-as: – ‘O father! This is the interpretation of my dream of before. My Lord has Made it to come true [12:100] – up to His Words: Cause me to die a submitter and join me with the righteous ones’ [12:101]’.
فَرُوِيَ فِي خَبَرٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ دَخَلَ يُوسُفُ السِّجْنَ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ مَكَثَ فِيهِ ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ بَقِيَ بَعْدَ خُرُوجِهِ ثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً فَذَلِكَ مِائَةُ سَنَةٍ وَ عَشْرُ سِنِينَ
It is reported in a Hadeeth from Al-Sadiq-asws, he said: ‘Yusuf-as entered the prison and he-as was twelve years old, and remained in it for eighteen years, and after his-as release remained for eighty years. So that is one hundred and ten years’.[58]
24- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْمُظَفَّرُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ الْعُمَرِيِّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ قَالَ قَالَ الرِّضَا ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ قالُوا إِنْ يَسْرِقْ فَقَدْ سَرَقَ أَخٌ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَأَسَرَّها يُوسُفُ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَ لَمْ يُبْدِها لَهُمْ قَالَ كَانَتْ لِإِسْحَاقَ النَّبِيِّ ع مِنْطَقَةٌ تَتَوَارَثُهَا الْأَنْبِيَاءُ الْأَكَابِرُ وَ كَانَتْ عِنْدَ عَمَّةِ يُوسُفَ وَ كَانَ يُوسُفُ عِنْدَهَا وَ كَانَتْ تُحِبُّهُ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهَا أَبُوهُ ابْعَثِيهِ إِلَيَّ وَ أَرُدُّهُ إِلَيْكَ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’, ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Muzaffar Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Ayyashi, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Ubeydullah Al Alawy, from Ali Bin Muhammad Al Alawy Al Amry, from Ismail Bin Hamam who said,
‘Al-Reza-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: They (brothers) said, ‘If he has stolen, then a brother of his did indeed steal from before’. But Yusuf kept it secret within himself and did not disclose it to them. [12:77]. He-asws said: ‘Ishaq-as used to have a belt which was inherited by the great Prophets-as, and it was in the possession of an aunt of Yusuf-as, and Yusuf-as was (living) with her, and she used to love him-as. (One day) his-as father-as sent a message to her: ‘Send him-as over to me-as, and I-as would return him-as back to you’.
فَبَعَثَتْ إِلَيْهِ دَعْهُ عِنْدِيَ اللَّيْلَةَ أَشُمَّهُ ثُمَّ أُرْسِلَهُ إِلَيْكَ غَدَاةً قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَتْ أَخَذَتِ الْمِنْطَقَةَ فَشَدَّتْهَا فِي وَسَطِهِ تَحْتَ الثِّيَابِ وَ بَعَثَتْ بِهِ إِلَى أَبِيهِ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِهَا طَلَبَتِ الْمِنْطَقَةَ فَوَجَدَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ إِذَا سَرَقَ أَحَدٌ فِي ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ دُفِعَ إِلَى صَاحِبِ السَّرِقَةِ فَكَانَ عَبْدَهُ
She sent a message to him-as, ‘Leave him in my presence for the night so that I can smell his-as aroma, then I shall send him to you-as in the morning’. When it was morning, she took the belt and attached it to him-as and made him-as wear a shirt and send it with him-as to him-as, and said, ‘The belt was stolen, and it was found to be upon him-as’. And it was so in that era, that if a thief was to steal, he would get handed over to the owner of the property, and he would be his slave (as a recompense)’’.[59]
25- ل، الخصال أبي عن محمد العطار عن الأشعري عن علي بن محمد عن رجل عنسليمان بن زياد المنقري عن عمرو بن شمر عن إسماعيل السدي عن عبد الرحمن بن سابط القرشي عن جابر بن عبد الله الأنصاري في قول الله عز و جل حكاية عن يوسف إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَباً وَ الشَّمْسَ وَ الْقَمَرَ رَأَيْتُهُمْ لِي ساجِدِينَ فقال في تسمية النجوم هو الطارق و جوبان و الذيال و ذو الكنفان و قابس و وثاب و عمودان و فيلق و مصبح و الصدح و ذو الفزع و الضياء و النور يعني الشمس و القمر و كل هذه الكواكب محيطة بالسماء
(P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)[60]
26- ل، الخصال عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حَامِدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَرَفَةَ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ ظُهَيْرٍ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَابِطٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ص رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ يُقَالُ لَهُ بُسْتَانٌ الْيَهُودِيُّ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْكَوَاكِبِ الَّتِي رَآهَا يُوسُفُ أَنَّهَا سَاجِدَةٌ لَهُ مَا أَسْمَاؤُهُمَا فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ فِي شَيْءٍ وَ نَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ بَعْدُ فَأَخْبَرَ النَّبِيَّ ص بِأَسْمَائِهَا
From Abdullah Bin Hamid, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far-asws, from Al Hassan Bin Arfa, from Al Hakam Bin Zaheer, from Al Sady, from Abdul Rahman Bin Sabit Al Qarsh, from Jabir Bin Abdullah who said,
‘There came to the Prophet-saww, a man from the Jews called Bastaan the Jew, and he said, ‘O Muhammad-saww! Inform me about the stars which Yusuf-as saw prostrating to him-as, what are their names’. But, the Prophet-saww did not answer him on that day regarding anything, and Jibraeel-as descended afterwards and informed the Prophet-saww with their names.
قَالَ فَبَعَثَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ إِلَى بُسْتَانٍ فَلَمَّا أَنْ جَاءَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص هَلْ أَنْتَ مُسْلِمٌ إِنْ أَخْبَرْتُكَ بِأَسْمَائِهَا
He-asws said: ‘The Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj sent for Bastaan. When he came to him-saww, the Prophet-saww said: ‘Will you become a Muslim if I-saww were to answer you with their names?’
قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص جربانٌ وَ الطَّارِقُ وَ الذَّيَّالُ وَ ذُو الْكَنَفَانِ وَ قَابِسُ وَ وَثَّابٌ وَ عَمُودَانُ وَ الْفَيْلَقُ وَ الْمُصْبِحُ وَ الضَّرُوحُ وَ ذُو الْفَزَعِ وَ الضِّيَاءِ وَ النُّورِ رَآهَا فِي أُفُقِ السَّمَاءِ سَاجِدَةً لَهُ
He-asws said: ‘He said to him-saww, ‘Yes’. The Prophet-saww said to him: ‘Jarbaan, and Al-Taariq, and Al-Zayaal, and Zul Kafnan, and Qabis, and Wasab, and Amoudan, and Al-Faylaq, and Al-Masbah, and Al-Zarouh, and Zul Faza’a, and Al-Zaya’a and Al-Nour. He-as saw these in the horizon of the sky doing Sajdah to him-as.
فَلَمَّا قَصَّهَا يُوسُفُ ع عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ ع قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ هَذَا أَمْرٌ مُتَشَتِّتٌ يَجْمَعَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بَعْدُ قَالَ فَقَالَ بُسْتَانٌ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ هَذِهِ لَأَسْمَاؤُهَا
When Yusuf-as narrated it to Yaqoub-as, Yaqoub-as said: ‘This is a sporadic matter, Allah-azwj will Gather it afterwards’. Bastaan said, ‘By Allah-azwj! These are their names’’.[61]
27- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ الْبَحْرَانِيِّ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الْبَكَّاءُونَ خَمْسَةٌ آدَمُ وَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ يُوسُفُ وَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع
‘Al-Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn marouf, from Muhammad Bin Sahl Al Bahrany,
‘Raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The crying ones are five – Adam-as, and Yaqoub-as, and Yusuf-as, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww, and Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws.
فَأَمَّا آدَمُ فَبَكَى عَلَى الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى صَارَ فِي خَدَّيْهِ أَمْثَالُ الْأَوْدِيَةِ وَ أَمَّا يَعْقُوبُ فَبَكَى عَلَى يُوسُفَ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ وَ حَتَّى قِيلَ لَهُ تَاللَّهِ تَفْتَؤُا تَذْكُرُ يُوسُفَ حَتَّى تَكُونَ حَرَضاً أَوْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْهالِكِينَ وَ أَمَّا يُوسُفُ فَبَكَى عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ حَتَّى تَأَذَّى بِهِ أَهْلُ السِّجْنِ فَقَالُوا لَهُ إِمَّا أَنْ تَبْكِيَ اللَّيْلَ وَ تَسْكُتَ بِالنَّهَارِ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ تَبْكِيَ النَّهَارَ وَ تَسْكُتَ بِاللَّيْلِ فَصَالَحَهُمْ عَلَى وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا
As for Adam-as, he-as cried upon the Paradise until there became in his-as cheeks like the valleys; and as for Yaqoub-as, he-as cried upon Yusuf-as until his-as eyesight was gone and until it was said to him-as ‘By Allah! You will not cease remembering Yusuf until you become fatally ill or become from the perished ones’ [12:85]; and as for Yusuf-as, he-as cried upon Yaqoub-as until the inmates of the prison were harmed by it, and they said to him-as, ‘Either you-as cry at night and be silent by the day, or you-as cry by the day and be silent at night’. He-as reconciled with them upon one of the two.
وَ أَمَّا فَاطِمَةُ فَبَكَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى تَأَذَّى بِهِ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالُوا لَهَا قَدْ آذَيْتِنَا بِكَثْرَةِ بُكَائِكِ فَكَانَتْ تَخْرُجُ إِلَى الْمَقَابِرِ مَقَابِرِ الشُّهَدَاءِ فَتَبْكِي حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ حَاجَتُهَا ثُمَّ تَنْصَرِفُ
And as for (Syeda) Fatima-asws, she-asws cried upon Rasool-Allah-saww until the people of Al-Medina were bothered by it and they said to her-asws, ‘You-asws have bothered us with the frequency of your-asws crying’, so she-asws used to go out to the graveyard, graves of the martyrs and she-asws cried until she-asws had fulfilled her-asws need, then she-asws left.
وَ أَمَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَبَكَى عَلَى الْحُسَيْنِ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً أَوْ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً مَا وُضِعَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ طَعَامٌ إِلَّا بَكَى حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُ مَوْلًى لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْجَاهِلِينَ
And as for Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, he-asws cried upon Al-Husayn-asws for twenty years, or forty years. No meal was placed in front of him-asws except he-asws cried until a slave of his-asws said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! I fear upon you-asws that you-asws would become from the ignorant (perished) ones.
قَالَ إِنَّما أَشْكُوا بَثِّي وَ حُزْنِي إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ أَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ إِنِّي مَا أَذْكُرُ مَصْرَعَ بَنِي فَاطِمَةَ إِلَّا خَنَقَتْنِي لِذَلِكَ عَبْرَةٌ
He said: ‘But rather, I only complain of my sorrow and grief to Allah, and I know from Allah what you do not know’ [12:86].[62]
28- سن، المحاسن عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنِ الْكَاهِلِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ يَعْقُوبَ لَمَّا ذَهَبَ مِنْهُ ابْنُ يَامِينَ نَادَى يَا رَبِّ أَ مَا تَرْحَمُنِي أَذْهَبْتَ عَيْنَيَّ وَ أَذْهَبْتَ ابْنَيَّ
‘Al Mahasin’ – A number of our companions, from Ibn Asbat, from his uncle Yaqoub Bin Salim, from Is’haq Ibn Amar, from Al Kahily who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Yaqoub-as, when Benyamin-as was gone from him-as, called out: ‘O Lord-azwj! Will You-azwj not have Mercy on me-as? My-as eye (sight) is gone, and my-as two sons-as are gone.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ لَوْ أَمَتُّهُمَا لَأَحْيَيْتُهُمَا حَتَّى أَجْمَعَ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَكِنْ أَ مَا تَذْكُرُ الشَّاةَ ذَبَحْتَهَا وَ شَوَيْتَهَا وَ أَكَلْتَ وَ فُلَانٌ إِلَى جَنْبِكَ صَائِمٌ لَمْ تُنِلْهُ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً
Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to him-as: “If I-azwj were to Cause you-as to die, I-azwj will Revive you-as until I-azwj Gather between you-as and both of them-as, but do you-as remember the sheep which you-as slaughtered and grilled and ate, while so and so was to your-as side, Fasting, you-as did not give him anything from it?”
قَالَ ابْنُ أَسْبَاطٍ قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنِي الْمِيثَمِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّ يَعْقُوبَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ يُنَادِي مُنَادِيهِ كُلَّ غَدَاةٍ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ عَلَى فَرْسَخٍ أَلَا مَنْ أَرَادَ الْغَدَاءَ فَلْيَأْتِ آلَ يَعْقُوبَ وَ إِذَا أَمْسَى نَادَى أَلَا مَنْ أَرَادَ الْعَشَاءَ فَلْيَأْتِ آلَ يَعْقُوبَ
Ibn Asbat said (the narrator) said, ‘Yaqoub said, ‘It was narrated to me by Al Maysami,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws that after that Yaqoub-as got his-as caller to call out every lunchtime from his-as house up to a Farsakh, ‘Indeed! One who wants the lunch, then let him come to the family of Yaqoub-as!’ And when it was evening, he called out, ‘Indeed! One who wants the dinner, then let him come to the family of Yaqoub-as!’’[63]
29- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَبْعَثْ أَنْبِيَاءَ مُلُوكاً فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةً بَعْدَ نُوحٍ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ اسْمُهُ عَيَّاشٌ وَ دَاوُدُ وَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَ يُوسُفُ ع
Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Barqy, form Ibn Mahboub, from Hisham Bin Salim, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted did not Sent Prophets-as as kings in the earth except four – Noah-as, Zulqarnayn (not a Prophet-as and his name is Ayash, and Dawood-as, and Suleyman-as and Yusuf-as.
فَأَمَّا عَيَّاشٌ فَمَلَكَ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ أَمَّا دَاوُدُ فَمَلَكَ مَا بَيْنَ الشَّامَاتِ إِلَى بِلَادِ إِصْطَخْرَ وَ كَذَلِكَ مَلَكَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَ أَمَّا يُوسُفُ فَمَلَكَ مِصْرَ وَ بَرَارِيَهَا لَمْ يُجَاوِزْهَا إِلَى غَيْرِهَا
As for Ayash, he ruled what is between the east and the west; and as for Dawood-as, he-as ruled what is between Al-Shamaat to the city of Istakhar, and like that was the kingdom of Suleyman-as; and as for Yusuf-as, he-as ruled Egypt and its prairies, not exceeding it to others’’.[64]
30- ع، علل الشرائع الْقَطَّانُ عَنِ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ عِيصٌ تَوْأَمَيْنِ فَوُلِدَ عِيصٌ ثُمَّ وُلِدَ يَعْقُوبُ فَسُمِّيَ يَعْقُوبَ لِأَنَّهُ خَرَجَ بِعَقِبِ أَخِيهِ عِيصٍ وَ يَعْقُوبُ هُوَ إِسْرَائِيلُ وَ مَعْنَى إِسْرَائِيلَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لِأَنَّ الْإِسْرَا هُوَ عَبْدٌ وَ إِيلَ هُوَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Al Qatan, from Al Sakry, from Al Jowhary, from Ibn Amarah, from his father,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Yaqoub-as and Ays were twins. Ays was born, then Yaqoub-as was born. Yaqoub-as was named as such because he-as came out ‘Ya’qab’ on the heels of Ays; and Yaqoub-as, he-as is Israeel, and the meaning of Israeel is ‘servant of Allah-azwj’, because ‘Al-Isra’, he is a servant, and ‘Ail’, He-azwj is Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.
وَ رُوِيَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ أَنَّ الْإِسْرَا هُوَ الْقُوَّةُ وَ إِيلَ هُوَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَمَعْنَى إِسْرَائِيلَ قُوَّةُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ
And it is reported in another Hadeeth that ‘Al-Isra’, it is the strength, and ‘Ail’ He-azwj is Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. Thus, the meaning of Israeel is ‘Strength of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[65]
31- ع، علل الشرائع عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حَامِدٍ عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدِّمَشْقِيِّ عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ كَعْبِ الْأَحْبَارِ فِي حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ يَقُولُ فِيهِ إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ إِسْرَائِيلُ إِسْرَائِيلَ اللَّهِ لِأَنَّ يَعْقُوبَ كَانَ يَخْدُمُ بَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ وَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ يَدْخُلُ وَ آخِرَ مَنْ يَخْرُجُ وَ كَانَ يُسْرِجُ الْقَنَادِيلَ وَ كَانَ إِذَا كَانَ بِالْغَدَاةِ رَآهَا مُطْفَأَةً
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Abdullah Bin Hamid, from Khalaf Bin Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Hamza Al Ansary, from Abdul Rahman Bin Ibrahim Al Damashqy, from Bashr Bin Abu Bakr, from Abu Bakr Bin Abu Maryam, from Saeed Bin Amro Al Ansary, from his father, from Ka’ab Al Akhbar in a lengthy Hadeeth saying in it:
‘But rather ‘Israeel’ is names as ‘Israeel Allah’ because Yaqoub-as used to serve Bayt Al-Maqdis, and he-as was the first one to enter and the last one to come out (leave), and he-as used to light the lamps, and when it was the morning, he saw them as having been extinguished.
قَالَ فَبَاتَ لَيْلَةً فِي مَسْجِدِ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَإِذَا بِجِنِّيٍّ يُطْفِئُهَا فَأَخَذَهُ فَأَسَرَهُ إِلَى سَارِيَةٍ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحُوا رَأَوْهُ أَسِيراً وَ كَانَ اسْمُ الْجِنِّيِّ إِيلَ فَسُمِّيَ إِسْرَائِيلَ لِذَلِكَ
He-asws said: ‘He-as spent the night in the Masjid of Bayt Al-Maqdis, and there was a Jinn extinguishing these. He-as seized him and took him to a mast in the Masjid. When they (people) woke up in the morning, they saw him as a captive. And the name of the Jinn was ‘Ail’, so ‘Israeel’ was named due to that’’.[66]
32- يه، من لا يحضر الفقيه فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ لِابْنِهِ يُوسُفَ يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَزْنِ فَإِنَّ الطَّيْرَ لَوْ زَنَى لَتَنَاثَرَ رِيشُهُ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – In a report of Abdullah Bin Maymoun,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Yaqoub-as said to his-as son-as Yusuf-as: ‘O my-as son-as! Do not commit adultery, for the bird, if it were to commit adultery, its feathers would scatter’’.[67]
33- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لِيَ ابْنَةَ عَمٍّ قَدْ رَضِيتُ جَمَالَهَا وَ حُسْنَهَا وَ دِينَهَا وَ لَكِنَّهَا عَاقِرٌ
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad and Sahl Bin Ziyad altogether, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘A man came to Rasool-Allah-saww and said: ‘O Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj! There is a daughter of an uncle of mine, I am pleased with her beauty, and her goodness, and her Religion, but she is barren.
فَقَالَ لَا تَتَزَوَّجْهَا إِنَّ يُوسُفَ بْنَ يَعْقُوبَ لَقِيَ أَخَاهُ فَقَالَ يَا أَخِي كَيْفَ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ النِّسَاءَ بَعْدِي فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَبِي أَمَرَنِي وَ قَالَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَكُونَ لَكَ ذُرِّيَّةٌ تُثْقِلُ الْأَرْضَ بِالتَّسْبِيحِ فَافْعَلْ
He-asws said:’ Do not marry her! Yusuf-as Bin Yaqoub-as met his-as brother and said: ‘O my-as brother! How is your capacity to marry the women after me-as?’ He said, ‘My father-as instructed me-as and said: ‘If you are able that there should happen to be offspring for you, weighing down the earth with the Glorification (of Allah-azwj), then do so.[68]
34- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ التَّفْلِيسِيِّ عَنِ السَّمَنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص خَيْرُ وَقْتٍ دَعَوْتُمُ اللَّهَ فِيهِ الْأَسْحَارُ وَ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ فِي قَوْلِ يَعْقُوبَ ع سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي فَقَالَ أَخَّرَهُمْ إِلَى السَّحَرِ
‘Al Kafi’ – The number, from Al Barqy, from Al Taflisy, from Al Samandy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The best timing for you to supplicate to Allah-azwj during it is the pre-dawn’, and he-asws recited this Verse regarding the world of Yaqoub-as: ‘Soon I will seek Forgiveness of my Lord for you all [12:98]. He-as delayed it to the pre-dawn’’.[69]
35- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِالْأَسَانِيدِ الثَّلَاثَةِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ لَوْ لا أَنْ رَأى بُرْهانَ رَبِّهِ قَالَ قَامَتِ امْرَأَةُ الْعَزِيزِ إِلَى الصَّنَمِ فَأَلْقَتْ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْباً فَقَالَ لَهَا يُوسُفُ مَا هَذَا فَقَالَتْ أَسْتَحِي مِنَ الصَّنَمِ أَنْ يَرَانَا
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – By the three chains,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: had he not seen the convincing Proof of his Lord [12:24]. He-asws said: ‘The wife of the ruler of Egypt stood up to the idol and cast a piece of cloth upon it. So, Yusuf-as said to her: ‘What is this (for)?’ She said, ‘I am ashamed of the idol that it should see us.
فَقَالَ لَهَا يُوسُفُ أَ تَسْتَحْيِينَ مَنْ لَا يَسْمَعُ وَ لَا يُبْصِرُ وَ لَا يَفْقَهُ وَ لَا يَأْكُلُ وَ لَا يَشْرَبُ وَ لَا أَسْتَحِي أَنَا مِمَّنْ خَلَقَ الْإِنْسَانَ وَ عَلَّمَهُ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ لَوْ لا أَنْ رَأى بُرْهانَ رَبِّهِ
Yusuf-as said to her: ‘You are being ashamed of the one who neither hears, nor sees, nor ponders, nor eats, nor drinks, and I-as should not be ashamed from the One Who Created the human being and Knows him?’ So that (is the Meaning of) the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: had he not seen the convincing Proof of his Lord [12:24]’’.[70]
36- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَخَذَ النَّاسُ ثَلَاثَةً مِنْ ثَلَاثَةٍ أَخَذُوا الصَّبْرَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ع وَ الشُّكْرَ عَنْ نُوحٍ ع وَ الْحَسَدَ عَنْ بَنِي يَعْقُوبَ
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – By this chain,
From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘The people took three from three – They took the patience from Ayoub-as, and the thanks from Noah-as, and the envy from the sons of Yaqoub-as’’.[71]
37- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْمُظَفَّرُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُوسَى قَالَ رَوَى أَصْحَابُنَا عَنِ الرِّضَا ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ كَيْفَ صِرْتَ إِلَى مَا صِرْتَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ كَأَنَّهُ أَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع يَا هَذَا أَيُّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ النَّبِيُّ أَوِ الْوَصِيُّ قَالَ لَا بَلِ النَّبِيُّ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’, ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Muzaffar Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Ayashi, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Nusayr, from Al Hassan Bin Musa who said,
‘Our companions reported from Al-Reza-asws, a man said to him-asws, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! How did you-asws come to (heir apparent) what you-asws came to it from Al-Mamoun?’ And it was as if he denied it upon him-asws. Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘O you! Which of the two is superior, the Prophet-as of the successor-as?’ He said, ‘No, but the Prophet-as is’.
قَالَ فَأَيُّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ مُسْلِمٌ أَوْ مُشْرِكٌ قَالَ لَا بَلْ مُسْلِمٌ قَالَ فَإِنَّ الْعَزِيزَ عَزِيزَ مِصْرَ كَانَ مُشْرِكاً وَ كَانَ يُوسُفُ ع نَبِيّاً وَ إِنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ مسلما [مُسْلِمٌ] وَ أَنَا وَصِيٌّ وَ يُوسُفُ سَأَلَ الْعَزِيزَ أَنْ يُوَلِّيَهُ حِينَ قَالَ اجْعَلْنِي عَلى خَزائِنِ الْأَرْضِ إِنِّي حَفِيظٌ عَلِيمٌ وَ أَنَا أُجْبِرْتُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ
He-asws said: ‘Which of the two is superior, a Muslim or a Polytheist?’ He said, ‘But, a Muslim is’. He-asws said:’ The ruler of Egypt was a Polytheist and Yusuf-as was a Prophet-as, and Al-Mamoun is a Muslim and I-asws am a successor-asws; and Yusuf-as asked the ruler that he makes him-as to be in charge where He said, ‘Make me (in charge) upon the treasures of the land, I am a knowledgeable protector [12:55], and I-asws am being forced upon that’.
وَ قَالَ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ اجْعَلْنِي عَلى خَزائِنِ الْأَرْضِ إِنِّي حَفِيظٌ عَلِيمٌ قَالَ حَافِظٌ لِمَا فِي يَدَيَّ عَالِمٌ بِكُلِّ لِسَانٍ
And he-asws said regarding His-azwj Words: ‘Make me (in charge) upon the treasures of the land, I am a knowledgeable protector [12:55]: ‘He-as said: ‘A controller of what is in my-as hands, knower of all languages’’.[72]
38- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْفَحَّامُ عَنِ الْمَنْصُورِيِّ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي قَوْلِ يَعْقُوبَ فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ قَالَ بِلَا شَكْوَى
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Faham, from Al Mansoury, from Musa Bin Isa Bin Ahmad,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Askari-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Al-Sadiq-asws regarding the Word of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic regarding the words of Yaqoub-as: So patience is beautiful. [12:83]. He-asws said: ‘Without complaining’’.[73]
39- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنِ ابْنِ قُولُوَيْهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْأَهْوَازِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْبَطَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ دُعَاءِ يُوسُفَ ع مَا كَانَ
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Ibn Qawlawiyah, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al Ahwazy, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Al Batainy, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the supplication of Yusuf-as, ‘What was it?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ دُعَاءَ يُوسُفَ ع كَانَ كَثِيراً لَكِنَّهُ لَمَّا اشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ الْحَبْسُ خَرَّ لِلَّهِ سَاجِداً وَ قَالَ
He-asws said: ‘Supplications of Yusuf-as were a lot, but when the prison became difficult upon him-as, he-as fell down in Sajdah to Allah-azwj and said:
اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَتِ الذُّنُوبُ قَدْ أَخْلَقَتْ وَجْهِي عِنْدَكَ فَلَنْ تَرْفَعَ لِي إِلَيْكَ صَوْتاً فَأَنَا أَتَوَجَّهُ إِلَيْكَ بِوَجْهِ الشَّيْخِ يَعْقُوبَ
‘O Allah-azwj! If there were sins, I-as have turned my-as face in Your-azwj Presence, never Raise for me-as to You-azwj any voice, for I-as turn to You-azwj with the face of the Sheikh Yaqoub-as’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ بَكَى أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ وَ عَلَى يُوسُفَ وَ أَنَا أَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ بِاللَّهِ وَ بِرَسُولِهِ ص
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then Abu Abdullah-asws cried and said: ‘May Allah-azwj Send Salawat upon Yaqoub-as and upon Yusuf-as, and I-asws am saying: ‘O Allah-azwj! By Allah-azwj and by His-azwj Rasool-saww![74]
40- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي مَحْمُودٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ يُوسُفَ ع لَمَّا أَنْ كَانَ فِي السِّجْنِ شَكَا إِلَى رَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَكْلَ الْخُبُزِ وَحْدَهُ وَ سَأَلَ إِدَاماً يَأْتَدِمُ بِهِ وَ قَدْ كَانَ كَثُرَ عِنْدَهُ قِطَعُ الْخُبُزِ الْيَابِسِ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ الْخُبُزَ وَ يَجْعَلَهُ فِي إِجَّانَةٍ وَ يَصُبَّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ وَ الْمِلْحَ فَصَارَ مُرِّيّاً وَ جَعَلَ يَأْتَدِمُ بِهِ ع
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Musa Bin Al Hassan, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Mahmoud, from his father, raising it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Yusuf-as was in the prison, he-as complained to his-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic, having to eat bread alone, and asked for a sauce (curry) to dip it in and with him-as used to be abundance of pieces of the dry bread’. He-azwj Commanded him-as that he-as should take the bread and make it to be in a pot and pour water upon it, and the salt. So, it became Murayya, and he-as went on to dip with it’’.[75]
قل، إقبال الأعمال عَنِ الْمُفِيدِ فِي كِتَابِ حَدَائِقِ الرِّيَاضِ فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ مِنَ الْمُحَرَّمِ كَانَ خَلَاصُ يُوسُفَ ع مِنَ الْجُبِ
‘Iqbal Al Amaal’ – From Al-Mufeed in ‘Kitab Al-Hadaiq Al-Riyaz’ – ‘During the third day of Al-Muharram, Yusuf was released from the well’.[76]
42- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ أَرْطَاةَ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ الْمُنْذِرِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أَصَابَتِ امْرَأَةَ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَاجَةُ قِيلَ لَهَا لَوْ أَتَيْتِ يُوسُفَ بْنَ يَعْقُوبَ فَشَاوَرَتْ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقِيلَ لَهَا إِنَّا نَخَافُهُ عَلَيْكِ قَالَتْ كَلَّا إِنِّي لَا أَخَافُ مَنْ يَخَافُ اللَّهَ
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – A group, from Abu Al Mufazzal, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Bin Rabah Al Ashjaie, from Abaad Ibn Yaqoub Al Asady, from Artat Bin Jundab, from Ziyad Bin Al Munzar,
‘From Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘When the wife of the ruler of Egypt was hit by the need, it was said to her, ‘If you could go to Yusuf-as Bin Yaqoub-as’. She consulted regarding that and it was said to her, ‘We fear him-as upon you’. She said, ‘Never! I do not fear from the one who fears Allah-azwj’.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَرَأَتْهُ فِي مُلْكِهِ قَالَتِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الْعَبِيدَ مُلُوكاً بِطَاعَتِهِ وَ جَعَلَ الْمُلُوكَ عَبِيداً بِالْمَعْصِيَةِ فَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَوَجَدَهَا بِكْراً فَقَالَ لَهَا أَ لَيْسَ هَذَا أَحْسَنَ أَ لَيْسَ هَذَا أَجْمَلَ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي كُنْتُ بُلِيتُ مِنْكَ بِأَرْبَعِ خِلَالٍ كُنْتُ أَجْمَلَ أَهْلِ زَمَانِي وَ كُنْتَ أَجْمَلَ أَهْلِ زَمَانِكَ وَ كُنْتُ بِكْراً وَ كَانَ زَوْجِي عِنِّيناً
When she went to him-as, she saw him-as in his-as kingdom, she said, ‘The Praise for Allah-azwj Who Made the slave to be a king due to his-as Submission to Him-azwj, and Made the kings to be slaves due to disobedience’. He-as married her and found her to be a virgin, so he-as said to her, ‘Isn’t this better? Isn’t this more beautiful?’ She said, ‘I had been tempted from you-as due to four things – I was the most beautiful of the people of my time, and I was the most beautiful of the people of your-as time, and I was a virgin, and my husband was impotent’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ إِخْوَةِ يُوسُفَ مَا كَانَ كَتَبَ يَعْقُوبُ ع إِلَى يُوسُفَ ع وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ يُوسُفُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى عَزِيزِ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ
When it was from the matter of the brothers of Yusuf-as what happened, Yaqoub-as wrote to Yusuf-as while he-as did not know he-as was Yusuf-as: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the beneficent, the Merciful. From Yaqoub-as Bin Is’haq-as Bin Ibrahim-as Friend of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, to ruler (from) the people of the Pharaoh-la. Greetings be unto you-as.
فَإِنِّي أَحْمَدُ إِلَيْكَ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ مُولَعَةٌ بِنَا أَسْبَابُ الْبَلَاءِ كَانَ جَدِّي إِبْرَاهِيمُ أُلْقِيَ فِي النَّارِ فِي طَاعَةِ رَبِّهِ فَجَعَلَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً وَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ جَدِّي أَنْ يَذْبَحَ أَبِي فَفَدَاهُ بِمَا فَدَاهُ بِهِ
I-as praise to you-as Allah-azwj Who, there is no god except He-azwj. However, we-as are people of a Household of fondly (people), through us-as is the course of the affliction. My-as grandfather-as Ibrahim-as was thrown into the fire in obedience of his-as Lord-azwj, but Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made it to be cool and safe upon him-as, and Commanded my-as grandfather-as to sacrifice my-as father-as, and He-azwj Ransomed him-as with what He-azwj Ransomed him-as.
وَ كَانَ لِيَ ابْنٌ وَ كَانَ مِنْ أَعَزِّ النَّاسِ عَلَيَّ فَفَقَدْتُهُ فَأَذْهَبَ حُزْنِي عَلَيْهِ نُورَ بَصَرِي وَ كَانَ لَهُ أَخٌ مِنْ أُمِّهِ فَكُنْتُ إِذَا ذَكَرْتُ الْمَفْقُودَ ضَمَمْتُ أَخَاهُ هَذَا إِلَى صَدْرِي فَأَذْهَبَ عَنِّي بَعْضَ وُجْدِي وَ هُوَ الْمَحْبُوسُ عِنْدَكَ فِي السَّرِقَةِ وَ إِنِّي أُشْهِدُكَ أَنِّي لَمْ أَسْرِقْ وَ لَمْ أَلِدْ سَارِقاً
And there was a son-as for me-as, from the dearest of the people to me-as. I-as miss him-as. My-as grief upon him-as went away with the light of my-as sight, and there was a brother for him-as from his-as mother. Whenever I-as remember the lost one, I-as hug this brother-as of his-as to my-as chest, so it removes from me-as part of what (grief) I-as find, and he-as is a Magian in your presence regarding the theft, and I-as testify to you-as and I-as do not steal and did not beget a thief’.
فَلَمَّا قَرَأَ يُوسُفُ الْكِتَابَ بَكَى وَ صَاحَ وَ قَالَ اذْهَبُوا بِقَمِيصِي هذا فَأَلْقُوهُ عَلى وَجْهِ أَبِي يَأْتِ بَصِيراً وَ أْتُونِي بِأَهْلِكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
When Yusuf-as read the letter, he-as cried and sighted and said: ‘Go with this shirt of mine and cast it upon my father’s face, he would regain his vision, and come to me with your family altogether’ [12:93]’’.[77]
43 دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُوسَى قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ إِخْوَةِ يُوسُفَ مَا كَانَ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ مِنْ يَعْقُوبَ إِسْرَائِيلِ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ذَبِيحِ اللَّهِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ كَانَ لِيَ ابْنٌ وَ كَانَ مِنْ أَحَبِّ النَّاسِ إِلَيَّ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ هُوَ مِنَ الْمَحْبُوسِينَ عِنْدَكَ إِنِّي أُخْبِرُكَ أَنِّي لَمْ أَسْرِقْ وَ لَمْ أَلِدْ سَارِقاً فَلَمَّا قَرَأَ يُوسُفُ كِتَابَهُ بَكَى وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ اصْبِرْ كَمَا صَبَرُوا تَظْفَرْ كَمَا ظَفِرُوا فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى الْكِتَابُ إِلَى يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا هَذَا بِكَلَامِ الْمُلُوكِ وَ الْفَرَاعِنَةِ بَلْ هُوَ كَلَامُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ أَوْلَادِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ فَحِينَئِذٍ قَالَ يا بَنِيَّ اذْهَبُوا فَتَحَسَّسُوا مِنْ يُوسُفَ
(P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)[78]
44- وَ مِنْهُ قَالَ: سَأَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ فَقِيلَ إِنَّ إِخْوَةَ يُوسُفَ ع أَلْقَوْهُ فِي الْجُبِّ وَ بَاعُوهُ وَ لَمْ يُصِبْهُمْ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ وَ أَصَابَ الْبَلَاءُ كُلُّهُ يُوسُفَ وَ حُبِسَ فِي السِّجْنِ وَ ابْتُلِيَ بِسَائِرِ الْبَلَاءِ فَمَا الْحِكْمَةُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِأَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَكُونُوا أَهْلًا لَهُ لَا كُلُّ بَدَنٍ يَصْلُحُ لِبَلِيَّتِهِ
(P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)[79]
45- وَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: مَكَثَ يُوسُفُ ع فِي مَنْزِلِ الْمَلِكِ وَ زَلِيخَا ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ أَحَبَّتْهُ فَرَاوَدَتْهُ فَبَلَغَنَا وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهَا مَكَثَتْ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ عَلَى صَدْرِ قَدَمَيْهَا وَ هُوَ مُطْرِقٌ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ لَا يَرْفَعُ طَرْفَهُ إِلَيْهَا مَخَافَةً مِنْ رَبِّهِ
And from Ibn Abbas who said, ‘Yusuf-as remaing in the house of the king and Zuleykha for three years. Then she fell in love with him-as and enticed him-as. It has reached us, and Allah-azwj is more Knowing, she remained for seven years upon her feet (seducing him), and he-as kept lowering his head towards the ground nor raising his-as eyes towards her, fearing from his-as Lord-azwj.
فَقَالَتْ يَوْماً ارْفَعْ طَرْفَكَ وَ انْظُرْ إِلَيَّ قَالَ أَخْشَى الْعَمَى فِي بَصَرِي قَالَتْ مَا أَحْسَنَ عَيْنَيْكَ قَالَ هُمَا أَوَّلُ سَاقِطٍ عَلَى خَدِّي فِي قَبْرِي
One day she said, ‘Raise your eyes and look at me!’ He-as said: ‘I-as fear the blindness in my sight’. She said, ‘How beautiful are your-as eyes!’ He-as said: ‘These will be the first thing to fall upon my-as cheeks in my-as grave’.
قَالَتْ مَا أَطْيَبَ رِيحَكَ قَالَ لَوْ سَمِعْتِ رَائِحَتِي بَعْدَ ثَلَاثٍ مِنْ مَوْتِي لَهَرَبْتِ مِنِّي قَالَتْ لِمَ لَا تَقْرُبُ مِنِّي قَالَ أَرْجُو بِذَلِكِ الْقُرْبَ مِنْ رَبِّي
She said, ‘How aromatic your-as scent is!’ He said: ‘If you-as were to smell me three days after my-as death, you would flee from me-as’. She said, ‘Why are you-as not coming near me!’ He-as said, ‘With that I hope for the nearness to my-as Lord-azwj!’
قَالَتْ فَرْشِيَ الْحَرِيرُ فَقُمْ وَ اقْضِ حَاجَتِي قَالَ أَخْشَى أَنْ يَذْهَبَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ نَصِيبِي قَالَتْ أُسَلِّمُكَ إِلَى الْمُعَذِّبِينَ قَالَ إِذاً يَكْفِيَنِي رَبِّي
She said, ‘My bed is of silk, so stand and fulfil my need!’ He-as said: ‘I-as fear that my share of the Paradise will be gone from me-as’. She said, ‘I shall submit you-as to the tormentors!’ He-as said, ‘Then my-as Lord-azwj will Suffice me-as’’.[80] (P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)
46- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ شُجَاعٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الرَّقَاشِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَدِمَ يَعْقُوبُ ع خَرَجَ يُوسُفُ ع فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ فِي مَوْكِبِهِ فَمَرَّ بِامْرَأَةِ الْعَزِيزِ وَ هِيَ تَعْبُدُ فِي غُرْفَةٍ لَهَا فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ عَرَفَتْهُ فَنَادَتْهُ بِصَوْتٍ حَزِينٍ أَيُّهَا الذَّاهِبُ طَالَ مَا أَحْزَنْتَنِي مَا أَحْسَنَ التَّقْوَى كَيْفَ حَرَّرَ الْعَبِيدَ وَ أَقْبَحَ الْخَطِيئَةَ كَيْفَ عَبَّدَتِ الْأَحْرَارَ
(P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)[81]
47- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا صَارَتِ الْأَشْيَاءُ لِيُوسُفَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ ع جَعَلَ الطَّعَامَ فِي بُيُوتٍ وَ أَمَرَ بَعْضَ وُكَلَائِهِ يَبِيعُ فَكَانَ يَقُولُ بِعْ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ السِّعْرُ قَائِمٌ فَلَمَّا عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ يَزِيدُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ كَرِهَ أَنْ يَجْرِيَ الْغَلَاءُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ اذْهَبْ فَبِعْ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ لَهُ سِعْراً
‘Al Kafi’ – ‘When the things came to be for Yusuf-as Bin Yaqoub-as, he-as made the good to be in the houses (granaries) and ordered one of his representatives, and he-as was saying: ‘Sell for such and such’, and the price was fixed. When he-as came to know that it had increased during that day, he-as dislike that he spoke of the high prices upon his-as tongue, so he-as said to him: ‘Go and sell’, but did not name the price for him.
فَذَهَبَ الْوَكِيلُ غَيْرَ بَعِيدٍ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ اذْهَبْ وَ بِعْ وَ كَرِهَ أَنْ يَجْرِيَ الْغَلَاءُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ فَذَهَبَ الْوَكِيلُ فَجَاءَ أَوَّلُ مَنِ اكْتَالَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ دُونَ مَا كَالَ بِالْأَمْسِ بِمِكْيَالٍ قَالَ الْمُشْتَرِي حَسْبُكَ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَعَلِمَ الْوَكِيلُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ غَلَا بِمِكْيَالٍ
The representative did not go far, then returned to him-as. He-asws said to him: ‘Go and sell’, and he-asws did not speak of the high price upon his-as tongue. The representative went. The first (buyer) came for the measurement. When it reached less than what it was the day before with the measurement, the buyer said, ‘But rather, I wanted with such and such’. The representative concluded that he had priced it high based on the measurement.
ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ آخَرُ فَقَالَ لَهُ كِلْ لِي فَكَالَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ دُونَ الَّذِي كَالَ لِلْأَوَّلِ بِمِكْيَالٍ قَالَ لَهُ الْمُشْتَرِي حَسْبُكَ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَعَلِمَ الْوَكِيلُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ غَلَا بِمِكْيَالٍ حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى وَاحِدٍ بِوَاحِدٍ
Then another one came, so he said to him, ‘Measure out for me’. He measured out. When it reached less than that which he had measured out for the first one, the buyer said to him, ‘Sufficient for you! But rather, I wanted with such and such’. The representative came to know that he had priced it high (by giving out less measure) with the measurement, to the extent that it (prices came down) to one with one’’.[82]
48- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع الْفَجْرَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ وَ سُبْحَتِهِ نَهَضَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ وَ أَنَا مَعَهُ فَدَعَا مَوْلَاةً لَهُ تُسَمَّى سُكَيْنَةَ فَقَالَ لَهَا لَا يَعْبُرْ عَلَى بَابِي سَائِلٌ إِلَّا أَطْعَمْتُمُوهُ فَإِنَّ الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ قُلْتُ لَهُ لَيْسَ كُلُّ مَنْ يَسْأَلُ مُسْتَحِقّاً
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Himeyri, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Malik Bin Atiya, from Al Sumaly who said,
I Prayed with Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws the Dawn Salat at Al-Medina. When He-asws called his-asws slave girl called Sakina and said to her: ‘Do not let any beggar cross upon my-asws door except feed him, for today is the day of Friday’. I said, ‘Everyone who begs isn’t deserving (to be fed)’.
فَقَالَ يَا ثَابِتُ أَخَافُ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَعْضُ مَنْ يَسْأَلُنَا مُسْتَحِقّاً فَلَا نُطْعِمَهُ وَ نَرُدَّهُ فَيَنْزِلَ بِنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ مَا نَزَلَ بِيَعْقُوبَ وَ آلِهِ أَطْعِمُوهُمْ أَطْعِمُوهُمْ
He-asws said: ‘O Sabit! I-asws fear that it might so happen that someone deserving would ask us-asws and we-asws do not feed him, and we-asws return him, so it would befall with us-asws the People-asws of the Household what befell with Yaqoub-as and his-as family. Feed them! Feed them!
إِنَّ يَعْقُوبَ كَانَ يَذْبَحُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ كَبْشاً فَيَتَصَدَّقُ مِنْهُ وَ يَأْكُلُ هُوَ وَ عِيَالُهُ مِنْهُ وَ إِنً سَائِلًا مُؤْمِناً صَوَّاماً مُسْتَحِقّاً لَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مَنْزِلَةٌ وَ كَانَ مُجْتَازاً غَرِيباً اعْتَرَّ عَلَى بَابِ يَعْقُوبَ عَشِيَّةَ جُمُعَةٍ عِنْدَ أَوَانِ إِفْطَارِهِ يَهْتِفُ عَلَى بَابِهِ أَطْعِمُوا السَّائِلَ الْمُجْتَازَ الْغَرِيبَ الْجَائِعَ مِنْ فَضْلِ طَعَامِكُمْ
Yaqoub-as had slaughtered a ram every day and gave charity from it, and he-as would eat, him-as and his-as dependants, from it, and that a Fasting Momin beggar, deserving, having a status in the Presence of Allah-azwj, passer-by, stranger, came to the door of Yaqoub-as on the evening of Friday, at the time of breaking (the Fast) knocked on his-as door, ‘Feed the beggar, the passer-by, the stranger, the hungry, from the extra of your meal!’
يَهْتِفُ بِذَلِكَ عَلَى بَابِهِ مِرَاراً وَ هُمْ يَسْمَعُونَهُ قَدْ جَهِلُوا حَقَّهُ وَ لَمْ يُصَدِّقُوا قَوْلَهُ فَلَمَّا يَئِسَ أَنْ يُطْعِمُوهُ وَ غَشِيَهُ اللَّيْلُ اسْتَرْجَعَ وَ اسْتَعْبَرَ وَ شَكَا جُوعَهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ بَاتَ طَاوِياً وَ أَصْبَحَ صَائِماً جَائِعاً صَابِراً حَامِداً لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ بَاتَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ آلُ يَعْقُوبَ شِبَاعاً بِطَاناً وَ أَصْبَحُوا وَ عِنْدَهُمْ فَضْلَةٌ مِنْ طَعَامِهِمْ
He notified with that upon his-as door repeatedly, and they were hearing him, having being ignorant of his right, and did not stop saying his word. When he despaired of them feeding him and the night came, he said, ‘We are from Allah-azwj and to Him-azwj we return’, and shed tears, and complained of his hunger to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and spent the night folded, and woke up in the morning fasting, hungry, patient, praising to Allah-azwj the Exalted, while Yaqoub-as and the family of Yaqoub-as had spent the night satiated of bellies, and they woke up in the morning and with them there were leftovers from their meal’.
قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى يَعْقُوبَ فِي صَبِيحَةِ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ لَقَدْ أَذْلَلْتَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ عَبْدِي ذِلَّةً اسْتَجْرَرْتَ بِهَا غَضَبِي وَ اسْتَوْجَبْتَ بِهَا أَدَبِي وَ نُزُولَ عُقُوبَتِي وَ بَلْوَايَ عَلَيْكَ وَ عَلَى وُلْدِكَ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Yaqoub-as during the morning of that night: “You-as have humiliated My-azwj servant, O Yaqoub-as, with a humiliation dragging My-azwj Wrath by it, and Obligating My-azwj Discipline by it and the descend of My-azwj Punishment and My-azwj Affliction upon you-as and upon your-as children.
يَا يَعْقُوبُ إِنَّ أَحَبَّ أَنْبِيَائِي إِلَيَّ وَ أَكْرَمَهُمْ عَلَيَّ مَنْ رَحِمَ مَسَاكِينَ عِبَادِي وَ قَرَّبَهُمْ إِلَيْهِ وَ أَطْعَمَهُمْ وَ كَانَ لَهُمْ مَأْوًى وَ مَلْجَأً
O Yaqoub-as! The most Beloved of My-azwj Prophets-as to Me-azwj, and the most Prestigious to Me-azwj are the ones who show Mercy to the needy one of My-azwj servants and their-as drawing closer to him and feeding them, and would be for them a shelter and a refuge.
يَا يَعْقُوبُ أَ مَا رَحِمْتَ ذِمْيَالَ عَبْدِي الْمُجْتَهِدَ فِي عِبَادَتِهِ الْقَانِعَ بِالْيَسِيرِ مِنْ ظَاهِرِ الدُّنْيَا عِشَاءَ أَمْسِ لَمَّا اعْتَرَّ بِبَابِكَ عِنْدَ أَوَانِ إِفْطَارِهِ وَ هَتَفَ بِكُمْ أَطْعِمُوا السَّائِلَ الْغَرِيبَ الْمُجْتَازَ الْقَانِعَ فَلَمْ تُطْعِمُوهُ شَيْئاً فَاسْتَرْجَعَ وَ اسْتَعْبَرَ وَ شَكَا مَا بِهِ إِلَيَّ وَ بَاتَ طَاوِياً حَامِداً لِي وَ أَصْبَحَ لِي صَائِماً
O Yaqoub-as! But, you-as did not show mercy to My-azwj servant, the struggler in his worship, the one content with the little from the apparent of the world – yesterday’s dinner, when he knocked on your-as door during the time of breaking Fast. And he notified you all, ‘Feed the beggar, the stranger, the passer-by, the content’, but you-as did not feed him anything. He said, ‘We are from Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj, and shed tears, and complained to Me-azwj of what was with him, and spent the night folded, praising to Me-azwj, and in the morning was Fasting for Me-azwj.
وَ أَنْتَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ وَ وُلْدُكَ شِبَاعٌ وَ أَصْبَحَتْ عِنْدَكُمْ فَضْلَةٌ مِنْ طَعَامِكُمْ أَ وَ مَا عَلِمْتَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ أَنَّ الْعُقُوبَةَ وَ الْبَلْوَى إِلَى أَوْلِيَائِي أَسْرَعُ مِنْهَا إِلَى أَعْدَائِي وَ ذَلِكَ حُسْنُ النَّظَرِ مِنِّي لِأَوْلِيَائِي وَ اسْتِدْرَاجٌ مِنِّي لِأَعْدَائِي
And you-as, O Yaqoub-as, and your-as children were satiated, and in the morning, there were left-overs from your meal with you-as? Or, do you-as not know, O Yaqoub-as, the Punishment and the affliction to My-azwj friends is quicker that it is to My-azwj enemies? And that is Goodly Consideration from Me-azwj to My-azwj friends, and gradual encroachment from Me-azwj to My-azwj enemies.
أَمَا وَ عِزَّتِي لَأُنْزِلُ بِكَ بَلْوَايَ وَ لَأَجْعَلَنَّكَ وَ وُلْدَكَ غَرَضاً لِمَصَائِبِي وَ لَأُوذِيَنَّكَ بِعُقُوبَتِي فَاسْتَعِدُّوا لِبَلْوَايَ وَ ارْضَوْا بِقَضَائِي وَ اصْبِرُوا لِلْمَصَائِبِ
But, by My-azwj Might, My-azwj affliction will descend with you-as, We-azwj will Make you-as and your-as children a purpose for My-azwj misfortunes, I-azwj will Punish you-as with My-azwj Punishment, therefore be prepared for My-azwj Affliction and be pleased with My-azwj Decree, and be patient for the difficulties”.
فَقُلْتُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَتَى رَأَى يُوسُفُ الرُّؤْيَا
I said to Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! When did Yusuf-as see the dream?’
فَقَالَ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي بَاتَ فِيهَا يَعْقُوبُ وَ آلُ يَعْقُوبَ شِبَاعاً وَ بَاتَ فِيهَا ذِمْيَالُ طَاوِياً جَائِعاً فَلَمَّا رَأَى يُوسُفُ الرُّؤْيَا وَ أَصْبَحَ يَقُصُّهَا عَلَى أَبِيهِ يَعْقُوبَ فَاغْتَمَّ يَعْقُوبُ لِمَا سَمِعَ مِنْ يُوسُفَ مَعَ مَا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ- أَنِ اسْتَعِدَّ لِلْبَلَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘During that night in which Yaqoub-as and the family of Yaqoub-as spent the night satiated, and Zamyaal (the beggar) spent the night hungry. When Yusuf-as saw the dream and woke up in the morning, he-as narrated to his-as father-as Yaqoub-as, Yaqoub-as was gloomy due to what he-as had heard from Yusuf-as, along with what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had revealed to him-as that he-as should be prepared for the misfortune.
فَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ لِيُوسُفَ لَا تَقْصُصْ رُؤْيَاكَ هَذِهِ عَلَى إِخْوَتِكَ فَإِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يَكِيدُوا لَكَ كَيْداً فَلَمْ يَكْتُمْ يُوسُفُ رُؤْيَاهُ وَ قَصَّهَا عَلَى إِخْوَتِهِ
Yaqoub-as said to Yusuf-as: ‘Do not narrate your-as dream to your-as brothers, for I-as fear that they would plot against you with a plot’. But, Yusuf-as did not conceal his dream and narrated it to his-as brothers’.
قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَ كَانَتْ أَوَّلُ بَلْوَى نَزَلَتْ بِيَعْقُوبَ وَ آلِ يَعْقُوبَ الْحَسَدَ لِيُوسُفَ لَمَّا سَمِعُوا مِنْهُ الرُّؤْيَا قَالَ فَاشْتَدَّتْ رِقَّةُ يَعْقُوبَ عَلَى يُوسُفَ وَ خَافَ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الِاسْتِعْدَادِ لِلْبَلَاءِ هُوَ فِي يُوسُفَ خَاصَّةً
Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘And that was the first affliction which descended upon Yaqoub-as and the Progeny of Yaqoub, being the jealousy towards Yusuf-as when they (brothers) heard his-as dream’. The tenderness of Yaqoub-as towards Yusuf-as increased intensely, and he-as feared that which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Revealed from the preparation for the affliction, would transpire, and that it was especially regarding Yusuf-as.
فَاشْتَدَّتْ رِقَّتُهُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ بَيْنِ وُلْدِهِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ مَا يَصْنَعُ يَعْقُوبُ بِيُوسُفَ وَ تَكْرِمَتَهُ إِيَّاهُ وَ إِيثَارَهُ إِيَّاهُ عَلَيْهِمْ اشْتَدَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ بَدَا الْبَلَاءُ فِيهِمْ فَتَآمَرُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ وَ قَالُوا إِنَّ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخَاهُ أَحَبُّ إِلى أَبِينا مِنَّا وَ نَحْنُ عُصْبَةٌ إِنَّ أَبانا لَفِي ضَلالٍ مُبِينٍ اقْتُلُوا يُوسُفَ أَوِ اطْرَحُوهُ أَرْضاً يَخْلُ لَكُمْ وَجْهُ أَبِيكُمْ وَ تَكُونُوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ قَوْماً صالِحِينَ أَيْ تَتُوبُونَ
Thus, he-as was very affectionate towards him-as from between his-as sons. So, when his-as brothers saw Yusuf-as, how Yaqoub-as was dealing with him-as, and honouring him-as, and preferring him-as over them, it was difficult for them and the affliction began from them. Therefore, they agreed the matter in between them and said, When they said: ‘Yusuf and his brother are more beloved to our father than us in prejudice. Surely, our father is in clear error [12:8] Kill Yusuf or cast him in a land, the face of your father would be freed for you and you will become from after him, a righteous people’ [12:9] -i.e., repentant.
فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالُوا يا أَبانا ما لَكَ لا تَأْمَنَّا عَلى يُوسُفَ وَ إِنَّا لَهُ لَناصِحُونَ أَرْسِلْهُ مَعَنا غَداً يَرْتَعْ فَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ إِنِّي لَيَحْزُنُنِي أَنْ تَذْهَبُوا بِهِ وَ أَخافُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَهُ الذِّئْبُ فَانْتَزَعَهُ حَذَراً عَلَيْهِ مِنْهُ مِنْ أَنْ تَكُونَ الْبَلْوَى مِنَ اللَّهِ عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ فِي يُوسُفَ خَاصَّةً لِمَوْقِعِهِ مِنْ قَلْبِهِ وَ حُبِّهِ لَهُ
During that, they said, ‘O our father! What is the matter with you that you do not trust us with Yusuf, and we are his well-wishers? [12:11] Send him with us tomorrow. He will enjoy and play, and we would be his protectors’ [12:12]. So Yaqoub-as said: ‘It grieves me that you would go with him and I fear that the wolf devours him while you are heedless from him’ [12:13]. Thus, he-as was grabbed by the caution upon him-as from it happening to be the affliction from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic over Yaqoub-as regarding Yusuf-as in particular due to its occurrence from his-as hear, and his-as love for him-as.
قَالَ فَغَلَبَتْ قُدْرَةُ اللَّهِ وَ قَضَاؤُهُ وَ نَافِذُ أَمْرِهِ فِي يَعْقُوبَ وَ يُوسُفَ وَ إِخْوَتِهِ فَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ يَعْقُوبُ عَلَى دَفْعِ الْبَلَاءِ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ لَا عَنْ يُوسُفَ وَ وُلْدِهِ فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ هُوَ لِذَلِكَ كَارِهٌ مُتَوَقِّعٌ لِلْبَلْوَى مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي يُوسُفَ
He-asws said: ‘But the Ordainment of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Decree Overcame and His-azwj Command was Established regarding Yaqoub-as and Yusuf-as and his-as brothers, and Yaqoub-as did not have the ability to defend himself-as against the affliction, nor from Yusuf-as and his-as sons. He-as handed him-as over to them, and he-as disliked that the affliction from Allah-azwj should Occur with regard to Yusuf-as.
فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِمْ لَحِقَهُمْ مُسْرِعاً فَانْتَزَعَهُ مِنْ أَيْدِيهِمْ فَضَمَّهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ اعْتَنَقَهُ وَ بَكَى وَ دَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَانْطَلَقُوا بِهِ مُسْرِعِينَ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَا يَدْفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ
When they went out from their house, he-as dashed towards them and snatched him-as back from their hands, and embraced him-as and cried and then handed him-as back to them. Then he-as dashed towards them again, but he-as feared to take him-as back from them, or to hand him-as over to them.
فَلَمَّا أَمْعَنُوا بِهِ أَتَوْا بِهِ غَيْضَةَ أَشْجَارٍ فَقَالُوا نَذْبَحُهُ وَ نُلْقِيهِ تَحْتَ هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ فَيَأْكُلُهُ الذِّئْبُ اللَّيْلَةَ فَقَالَ كَبِيرُهُمْ لا تَقْتُلُوا يُوسُفَ وَ لَكِنْ أَلْقُوهُ فِي غَيابَتِ الْجُبِّ يَلْتَقِطْهُ بَعْضُ السَّيَّارَةِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ فاعِلِينَ
When they were distant with him-as, they came over to an orchard of fruit trees and they said, ‘We should slaughter him-as and throw him-as underneath this tree, so the wolf would eat him-as up during the night’. But the eldest of them said, ‘Do not kill Yusuf, and throw him into the bottom of the well, he would be picked up by one of the travellers, if you are going to do it’ [12:10].
فَانْطَلَقُوا بِهِ إِلَى الْجُبِّ فَأَلْقَوْهُ وَ هُمْ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُ يَغْرَقُ فِيهِ فَلَمَّا صَارَ فِي قَعْرِ الْجُبِّ نَادَاهُمْ يَا وُلْدَ رُومِينَ أَقْرِءُوا يَعْقُوبَ عَنِّي السَّلَامَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعُوا كَلَامَهُ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ لَا تَزَالُوا مِنْ هَاهُنَا حَتَّى تَعْلَمُوا أَنَّهُ قَدْ مَاتَ
They went with him-as to the well and threw him-as into it, and they were thinking that he-as would drown in it. But when he-as hit the bottom of the well, he-as said: ‘O sons of ‘Rowmein’, convey to Yaqoub-as the greetings from me-as!’ When they heard his-as speech, they said to each other, ‘Do not go away from here until you know that he-as has died!
فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا بِحَضْرَتِهِ حَتَّى أَمْسَوْا- وَ رَجَعُوا إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ عِشاءً يَبْكُونَ قالُوا يا أَبانا إِنَّا ذَهَبْنا نَسْتَبِقُ وَ تَرَكْنا يُوسُفَ عِنْدَ مَتاعِنا فَأَكَلَهُ الذِّئْبُ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ مَقَالَتَهُمُ اسْتَرْجَعَ وَ اسْتَعْبَرَ وَ ذَكَرَ مَا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الِاسْتِعْدَادِ لِلْبَلَاءِ فَصَبَرَ وَ أَذْعَنَ لِلْبَلْوَى وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ بَلْ سَوَّلَتْ لَكُمْ أَنْفُسُكُمْ أَمْراً وَ مَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُطْعِمَ لَحْمَ يُوسُفَ الذِّئْبَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ أُرِيَ تَأْوِيلَ رُؤْيَاهُ الصَّادِقَةِ
They did not go away from his-as presence until they despaired, And they came to their father at nightfall, crying [12:16] They said, O our father! We went racing and we left Yusuf by our provisions, so the wolf devoured him [12:17]. When he-as heard their speech he-as remembered what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Revealed unto him-as from the preparation for the affliction. Therefore he-as was patient and succumbed to the affliction, and said to them: ‘‘But, your souls have enticed you for a matter [12:18], and Allah-azwj was not going to Feed the flesh of Yusuf-as to the wolf before he saw the true interpretation of his-as dream’.
قَالَ أَبُو حَمْزَةَ ثُمَّ انْقَطَعَ حَدِيثُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع عِنْدَ هَذَا
Abu Hamza said, ‘Then Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws cut-off the Hadeeth at this’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ غَدَوْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّكَ حَدَّثْتَنِي أَمْسِ بِحَدِيثٍ لِيَعْقُوبَ وَ وُلْدِهِ ثُمَّ قَطَعْتَهُ مَا كَانَ مِنْ قِصَّةِ إِخْوَةِ يُوسُفَ وَ قِصَّةِ يُوسُفَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ
Abu Hamza said, ‘When it was the next morning, I went to him-asws and said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! You-asws narrated to me a Hadeeth yesterday, the Hadeeth of Yaqoub-as and his-as sons, then cut it off. What was the story of the brothers of Yusuf-as and the story of Yusuf-as after that?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّهُمْ لَمَّا أَصْبَحُوا قَالُوا انْطَلِقُوا بِنَا حَتَّى نَنْظُرَ مَا حَالُ يُوسُفَ أَ مَاتَ أَمْ هُوَ حَيٌّ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَوْا إِلَى الْجُبِّ وَجَدُوا بِحَضْرَةِ الْجُبِّ سَيَّارَةً وَ قَدْ أَرْسَلُوا وارِدَهُمْ فَأَدْلى دَلْوَهُ فَلَمَّا جَذَبَ دَلْوَهُ إِذَا هُوَ بِغُلَامٍ مُتَعَلِّقٍ بِدَلْوِهِ فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ يا بُشْرى هذا غُلامٌ
He-asws said: ‘When it was the morning they said, ‘Let us go and see what is the condition of Yusuf-as. Is he-as dead, or is he-as alive?’ When they ended up at the well and found travellers present at the well, and they had sent their water-drawer around it who cast his bucket, and there was a boy attached to his bucket. He said to his companions, ‘O good news! This is a boy!’ [12:19].
فَلَمَّا أَخْرَجُوهُ أَقْبَلُوا إِلَيْهِمْ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ فَقَالُوا هَذَا عَبْدُنَا سَقَطَ مِنَّا أَمْسِ فِي هَذَا الْجُبِّ وَ جِئْنَا الْيَوْمَ لِنُخْرِجَهُ فَانْتَزَعُوهُ مِنْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَ تَنَحَّوْا بِهِ نَاحِيَةً فَقَالُوا إِمَّا أَنْ تُقِرَّ لَنَا أَنَّكَ عَبْدٌ لَنَا فَنَبِيعَكَ بَعْضَ هَذِهِ السَّيَّارَةِ أَوْ نَقْتُلَكَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ يُوسُفُ ع لَا تَقْتُلُونِي وَ اصْنَعُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ
But when they took him-as out, the brothers of Yusuf-as came face to face with them, and they said, ‘This is our slave who had fallen down in this well yesterday, and we have come today to take him-as out’. They snatched him-as from their hands, and placed him-as by the side. Then they said, ‘Either you-asws accept that you-as are our slave, so we can sell you to one of these travellers, or kill you-as?’ Yusuf-as said to them: ‘Do not kill me-as, and I-as will do whatever you like’.
فَأَقْبَلُوا بِهِ إِلَى السَّيَّارَةِ فَقَالُوا مِنْكُمْ مَنْ يَشْتَرِي مِنَّا هَذَا الْعَبْدَ فَاشْتَرَاهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ بِعِشْرِينَ دِرْهَماً وَ كَانَ إِخْوَتُهُ فِيهِ مِنَ الزَّاهِدِينَ
Then they faced towards the travellers and said, ‘Whom from among you would like to buy from us this slave?’ A man from them bought him-as for twenty Dirhams. And his-as brothers, were from the disinterested ones regarding him [12:20].
وَ سَارَ بِهِ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ مِنَ الْبَدْوِ حَتَّى أَدْخَلَهُ مِصْرَ فَبَاعَهُ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ مِنَ الْبَدْوِ مِنْ مَلِكِ مِصْرَ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ قالَ الَّذِي اشْتَراهُ مِنْ مِصْرَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ أَكْرِمِي مَثْواهُ عَسى أَنْ يَنْفَعَنا أَوْ نَتَّخِذَهُ وَلَداً
And the Bedouin who bought him went with him-as to Egypt. So, the king of Egypt bought him-as from the Bedouin, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And the Egyptian who bought him said to his wife, ‘Give him an honourable abode, perhaps he would benefit us or we may take him as a son’. [12:21]’.
قَالَ أَبُو حَمْزَةَ فَقُلْتُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع ابْنَ كَمْ كَانَ يُوسُفُ يَوْمَ أَلْقَوْهُ فِي الْجُبِّ فَقَالَ كَانَ ابْنَ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ فَقُلْتُ كَمْ كَانَ بَيْنَ مَنْزِلِ يَعْقُوبَ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَ بَيْنَ مِصْرَ فَقَالَ مَسِيرَةَ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ يَوْماً
Abu Hamza said, ‘I said to Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, ‘How old was Yusuf-as the day he-as was thrown into the well?’ He-asws said: ‘He-as was nine years old’. I said, ‘How much distance was there between the house of Yaqoub-as and Egypt, in those days?’ He-asws said: ‘Travel distance of twelve days’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ يُوسُفُ مِنْ أَجْمَلِ أَهْلِ زَمَانِهِ فَلَمَّا رَاهَقَ يُوسُفُ رَاوَدَتْهُ امْرَأَةُ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ فَقَالَ لَهَا مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ لَا يَزْنُونَ فَغَلَّقَتِ الْأَبْوَابَ عَلَيْهَا وَ عَلَيْهِ وَ قَالَتْ لَا تَخَفْ وَ أَلْقَتْ نَفْسَهَا عَلَيْهِ فَأَفْلَتَ مِنْهَا هَارِباً إِلَى الْبَابِ فَفَتَحَهُ فَلَحِقَتْهُ فَجَذَبَتْ قَمِيصَهُ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ فَأَخْرَجَتْهُ مِنْهُ
He-asws said: ‘And Yusuf-as was the most handsome of the people of his-as era. When the wife of the king tried to seduce Yusuf-as, he-as said to her: ‘I-as seek Refuge with Allah-azwj! I-as am from a People of the Household who do not commit adultery’. But she locked the doors on herself and him-as, and she said, ‘Do not fear’, and she threw herself at him-as. But he-as eluded her running towards the door, and he-as opened it, and she reached out to him-as and grabbed his-as shirt from behind him-as to remove it from him-as.
فَأَفْلَتَ يُوسُفُ مِنْهَا فِي ثِيَابِهِ وَ أَلْفَيا سَيِّدَها لَدَى الْبابِ قالَتْ ما جَزاءُ مَنْ أَرادَ بِأَهْلِكَ سُوءاً إِلَّا أَنْ يُسْجَنَ أَوْ عَذابٌ أَلِيمٌ قَالَ فَهَمَّ الْمَلِكُ بِيُوسُفَ لِيُعَذِّبَهُ
But Yusuf-as escaped from her in his-as clothes, and they met her Master near the door. She said, ‘What is the recompense of one who intends evil with your wife, except that he should be imprisoned or a painful punishment?’ [12:25]’. He-asws said: ‘She thought that the king would punish Yusuf-as.
فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ وَ إِلَهِ يَعْقُوبَ مَا أَرَدْتُ بِأَهْلِكَ سُوءاً بَلْ هِيَ رَاوَدَتْنِي عَنْ نَفْسِي فَاسْأَلْ هَذَا الصَّبِيَّ أَيُّنَا رَاوَدَ صَاحِبَهُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ قَالَ وَ كَانَ عِنْدَهَا مِنْ أَهْلِهَا صَبِيٌّ زَائِرٌ لَهَا فَأَنْطَقَ اللَّهُ الصَّبِيَّ لِفَصْلِ الْقَضَاءِ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ انْظُرْ إِلَى قَمِيصِ يُوسُفَ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَقْدُوداً مِنْ قُدَّامِهِ فَهُوَ الَّذِي رَاوَدَهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَقْدُوداً مِنْ خَلْفِهِ فَهِيَ الَّتِي رَاوَدَتْهُ
Yusuf-as said to him: ‘By the God of Yaqoub-as! I-as did not intend evil with your wife, but she desired me-as for herself. Ask this child, does anyone seduce his owner for himself?’ He-asws said: ‘And with her was a child from her family who had visited her. Allah-azwj Made the child speak in a decisive judgement, and he said, ‘O you king! Look at the shirt of Yusuf-as. If it is torn from its front, then he-as is the one who desired her, and if it is torn from its behind, then she is the one who desired him-as’.
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ الْمَلِكُ كَلَامَ الصَّبِيِّ وَ مَا اقْتَصَّ أَفْزَعَهُ ذَلِكَ فَزَعاً شَدِيداً فَجِيءَ بِالْقَمِيصِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ مَقْدُوداً مِنْ خَلْفِهِ قَالَ لَهَا إِنَّهُ مِنْ كَيْدِكُنَّ إِنَّ كَيْدَكُنَّ عَظِيمٌ وَ قَالَ لِيُوسُفَ أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هذا وَ لَا يَسْمَعْهُ مِنْكَ أَحَدٌ وَ اكْتُمْهُ
when the king heard the speech of the child and what he had related, that terrified him with intense terror. He went to the shirt and looked at it, So when he saw his shirt torn from behind, he said, ‘It is from your plots. Surely your plot is grievous [12:28]. And he said to Yusuf-as, Yusuf! Turn aside from this one [12:29], and do not let anyone hear about this from you-as and conceal it’.
قَالَ فَلَمْ يَكْتُمْهُ يُوسُفُ وَ أَذَاعَهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ حَتَّى قُلْنَ نِسْوَةٌ مِنْهُنَ امْرَأَتُ الْعَزِيزِ تُراوِدُ فَتاها عَنْ نَفْسِهِ فَبَلَغَهَا ذَلِكَ فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِنَّ وَ هَيَّأَتْ لَهُنَّ طَعَاماً وَ مَجْلِساً ثُمَّ أَتَتْهُنَّ بِأُتْرُجٍّ وَ آتَتْ كُلَّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُنَّ سِكِّيناً ثُمَّ قَالَتْ لِيُوسُفَ اخْرُجْ عَلَيْهِنَّ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَهُ أَكْبَرْنَهُ وَ قَطَّعْنَ أَيْدِيَهُنَّ وَ قُلْنَ مَا قُلْنَ فَقَالَتْ لَهُنَّ هَذَا الَّذِي لُمْتُنَّنِي فِيهِ يَعْنِي فِي حُبِّهِ
He-asws said: ‘But Yusuf-as did not conceal, and it was broadcast in the city until the women from it said, ‘The chief’s wife seduced her (slave) youth about himself [12:30]. That reached her, and she sent for them, and prepared for them food and a gathering. Then she gave them a lemon, and gave each one of them a knife. Then she said to Yusuf-as, ‘Come out to them!’ So when they saw him, they deemed him great and cut their hands [12:31], and they said what they said. She said to them She said, ‘So that is the one whom you were accusing me for [12:32] – meaning being in his-as love.
وَ خَرَجْنَ النِّسْوَةُ مِنْ عِنْدِهَا فَأَرْسَلَتْ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُنَّ إِلَى يُوسُفَ سِرّاً مِنْ صَاحِبَتِهَا تَسْأَلُهُ الزِّيَارَةَ فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِنَّ وَ قَالَ إِلَّا تَصْرِفْ عَنِّي كَيْدَهُنَّ أَصْبُ إِلَيْهِنَّ وَ أَكُنْ مِنَ الْجاهِلِينَ فَصَرَفَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كَيْدَهُنَّ
And the women went out from her presence. She sent for each one of them to go to Yusuf-as secretly from her companion to ask for a visitation, but he-as refused them, and said: and if You don’t Turn their plots away from me, I might incline towards them and become from the ignorant ones’ [12:33]. Therefore, Allah-azwj Turned their plots away from him-as.
فَلَمَّا شَاعَ أَمْرُ يُوسُفَ وَ أَمْرُ امْرَأَةِ الْعَزِيزِ وَ النِّسْوَةِ فِي مِصْرَ بَدَا لِلْمَلِكِ بَعْدَ مَا سَمِعَ قَوْلَ الصَّبِيِّ لَيَسْجُنَنَّ يُوسُفَ فَسَجَنَهُ فِي السِّجْنِ وَ دَخَلَ السِّجْنَ مَعَ يُوسُفَ فَتَيَانِ وَ كَانَ مِنْ قِصَّتِهِمَا وَ قِصَّةِ يُوسُفَ مَا قَصَّهُ اللَّهُ فِي الْكِتَابِ
When the matter of Yusuf-as and the wife of the chief became publicised among the women of Egypt, the king, even after having heard the speech of the child, began the imprisonment of Yusuf-as. He imprisoned him-as in the prison, and included with Yusuf-as in the prison, two youths. And the story of these two, and the story of Yusuf-as is what Allah-azwj has Related in the Book’.
قَالَ أَبُو حَمْزَةَ ثُمَّ انْقَطَعَ حَدِيثُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع
Abu Hamza said, ‘Then Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws cut-off the Hadeeth’’.[83]
49- ع، علل الشرائع سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ طَيْفُورٍ يَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِ يُوسُفَ ع رَبِّ السِّجْنُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا يَدْعُونَنِي إِلَيْهِ إِنَّ يُوسُفَ رَجَعَ إِلَى اخْتِيَارِ نَفْسِهِ فَاخْتَارَ السِّجْنَ فَوُكِلَ إِلَى اخْتِيَارِهِ وَ الْتَجَأَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدٌ ص إِلَى الْخِيَارِ فَتَبَرَّأَ مِنَ الِاخْتِيَارِ وَ دَعَا دُعَاءَ الِافْتِقَارِ فَقَالَ عَلَى رُؤْيَةِ الِاضْطِرَارِ يَا مُقَلِّبَ الْقُلُوبِ وَ الْأَبْصَارِ ثَبِّتْ قَلْبِي عَلَى طَاعَتِكَ فَعُوفِيَ مِنَ الْعِلَّةِ وَ عُصِمَ فَاسْتَجَابَ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ أَحْسَنَ إِجَابَتَهُ وَ هُوَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَصَمَهُ ظَاهِراً وَ بَاطِناً وَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِ يَعْقُوبَ هَلْ آمَنُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا كَما أَمِنْتُكُمْ عَلى أَخِيهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ إِنَّ هَذَا مِثْلُ قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ ص لَا يُلْسَعُ الْمُؤْمِنُ مِنْ جُحْرٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَهَذَا مَعْنَاهُ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ سَلَّمَ يُوسُفَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَغَشَّوْهُ حِينَ اعْتَمَدَ عَلَى حِفْظِهِمْ لَهُ وَ انْقَطَعَ فِي رِعَايَتِهِ إِلَيْهِمْ فَأَلْقَوْهُ فِي غَيَابَةِ الْجُبِّ وَ بَاعُوهُ وَ لَمَّا انْقَطَعَ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي الِابْنِ الثَّانِي وَ سَلَّمَهُ وَ اعْتَمَدَ فِي حَفِظِهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ فَاللَّهُ خَيْرٌ حافِظاً وَ هُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ أَقْعَدَهُ عَلَى سَرِيرِ الْمَمْلَكَةِ وَ رَدَّ يُوسُفَ إِلَيْهِ وَ خَرَجَ الْقَوْمُ مِنَ الْمِحْنَةِ وَ اسْتَقَامَتْ أَسْبَابُهُمْ وَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِ يَعْقُوبَ يا أَسَفى عَلى يُوسُفَ إِنَّهُ عَرَضَ فِي التَّأَسُّفِ بِيُوسُفَ وَ قَدْ رَأَى فِي مُفَارَقَتِهِ فِرَاقاً آخَرَ وَ فِي قَطِيعَتِهِ قَطِيعَةً أُخْرَى فَتَلَهَّبَ عَلَيْهَا وَ تَأَسَّفَ مِنْ أَجْلِهَا كَقَوْلِ الصَّادِقِ ع فِي مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لَنُذِيقَنَّهُمْ مِنَ الْعَذابِ الْأَدْنى دُونَ الْعَذابِ الْأَكْبَرِ إِنَّ هَذَا فِرَاقُ الْأَحِبَّةِ فِي دَارِ الدُّنْيَا لِيَسْتَدِلُّوا بِهِ عَلَى فِرَاقِ الْمَوْلَى فَلِذَلِكَ يَعْقُوبُ تَأَسَّفَ عَلَى يُوسُفَ مِنْ خَوْفِ فِرَاقِ غَيْرِهِ فَذَكَرَ يُوسُفَ لِذَلِكَ
(P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)[84]
50- ع، علل الشرائع الْمُظَفَّرُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ حِينَ قَالَ لِوُلْدِهِ اذْهَبُوا فَتَحَسَّسُوا مِنْ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ أَ كَانَ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ حَيٌّ وَ قَدْ فَارَقَهُ مُنْذُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَ ذَهَبَتْ عَيْنَاهُ مِنَ الْحُزْنِ قَالَ نَعَمْ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ حَيٌّ قُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ عَلِمَ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Al Muzaffar Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Ayyash, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Nusayr, from Ahmad Ibn Muhammad, from Ibn Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, form Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Hanan Bin Sudeyr, form his father who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws. ‘Go and inquire about Yusuf and his brother [12:87]. Did he-as know that he-as was alive, and there was a separation of twenty years between them?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘How did he-as know?’.
قَالَ إِنَّهُ دَعَا فِي السَّحَرِ أَنْ يَهْبِطَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَهَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ تَرْيَالُ فَهُوَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ لَهُ تَرْيَالُ مَا حَاجَتُكَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ قَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْأَرْوَاحِ تَقْبِضُهَا مُجْتَمِعَةً أَوْ مُتَفَرِّقَةً فَقَالَ بَلْ مُتَفَرِّقَةً وَ رُوحاً رُوحاً قَالَ فَمَرَّ بِكَ رُوحُ يُوسُفَ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ حَيٌّ فَقَالَ لِوُلْدِهِ اذْهَبُوا فَتَحَسَّسُوا مِنْ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ
He-asws said: ‘He-as supplicated before dawn and asked Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic that He-azwj should Send down to him-as the Angel of Death. Biryaal descended unto him-as, and he is the Angel of Death. Biryaal said to him-as: ‘What is your-as need, O Yaqoub-as?’ He-as said: ‘Inform me about the souls. Do you capture them altogether or separately?’ He said, ‘But, I capture them separately, soul by soul’. He-as said to him: ‘So inform me, Did you come across the soul of Yusuf-as in what you have passed by?’ He said: ‘No’. Thus, Yaqoub-as came to know that he-as was alive. So, due to that he-as said O my sons! Go and inquire about Yusuf and his brother [12:87]’’.[85]
51- ع، علل الشرائع الْمُظَفَّرُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الْبَطَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ لَا خَيْرَ فِيمَنْ لَا تَقِيَّةَ لَهُ وَ لَقَدْ قَالَ يُوسُفُ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ وَ مَا سَرَقُوا
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Al Muzaffar Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Ayyashi, from Ibrahim Bin Ali, from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq, from Yunus, from Al Batainy, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘There is no good in one there is no Taqayyah (dissimulation) for him, and Yusuf-as had said: ‘O caravan! You are stealing!’ [12:70], and they had not stolen’’.[86]
52- ع، علل الشرائع الْمُظَفَّرُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْأَهْوَازِيِّ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع التَّقِيَّةُ دِينُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قُلْتُ مِنْ دِينِ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ مِنْ دِينِ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ قَالَ يُوسُفُ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانُوا سَرَقُوا شَيْئاً
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Al Muzaffar Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Ayyash, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Nusayr, from Ibn Isa, from Al Ahwazy, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The Taqiyya (dissimulation) is Religion of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’. I said, ‘From the Religion of Allah-azwj?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj! From the Religion of Allah-azwj. Yusuf-as had said: ‘‘O caravan! You are stealing!’ [12:70]. By Allah-azwj! They had not stolen anything’’.[87]
53- ع، علل الشرائع بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الْعَيَّاشِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ النَّهَاوَنْدِيِّ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي يُوسُفَ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – By the chain to Al Ayyash, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Al Nahwandy, from Salih Ibn Saeed, from a man from our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic regarding Yusuf-as: ‘‘O caravan! You are stealing!’ [12:70].
قَالَ إِنَّهُمْ سَرَقُوا يُوسُفَ مِنْ أَبِيهِ أَ لَا تَرَى أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُمْ حِينَ قَالُوا ما ذا تَفْقِدُونَ قالُوا نَفْقِدُ صُواعَ الْمَلِكِ وَ لَمْ يَقُولُوا سَرَقْتُمْ صُوَاعَ الْمَلِكِ إِنَّمَا عَنَى أَنَّكُمْ سَرَقْتُمْ يُوسُفَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ
He-asws said: ‘The stole Yusuf-as from his-as father-as. Do you not see that he-as said to them, where they said facing him-as: ‘What is that which you are missing?’ [12:71] They said, ‘We miss the king’s drinking cup [12:72], and they did not say, ‘You stole the king’s drinking cup’. But rather, it means, ‘You stole Yusuf-as from his-as father-as’’.[88]
54- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ يُوسُفَ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ قَالَ مَا سَرَقُوا وَ مَا كَذَبَ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – My father, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the words of Yusuf-as: ‘‘O caravan! You are stealing!’ [12:70]. He-asws said: ‘They did not steal, and he-as did not lie’’.[89]
55- ع، علل الشرائع بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَخِي مُرَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لَمَّا فَصَلَتِ الْعِيرُ قالَ أَبُوهُمْ إِنِّي لَأَجِدُ رِيحَ يُوسُفَ لَوْ لا أَنْ تُفَنِّدُونِ قَالَ وَجَدَ يَعْقُوبُ رِيحَ قَمِيصِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حِينَ فَصَلَتِ الْعِيْرُ مِنْ مِصْرَ وَ هُوَ بِفِلَسْطِينَ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – By the chain, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from a brother of Marazim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And when the caravan departed, their father said: ‘Surely I find the aroma of Yusuf, unless you deem me to be weak minded’ [12:94]. He-asws said: ‘Yaqoub-as found the aroma of the shirt of Ibrahim-as when the caravan departed from Egypt, and he-as was at Palestine’’.[90]
56- ع، علل الشرائع الْمُظَفَّرُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ الْقَمِيصُ الَّذِي نُزِّلَ بِهِ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فِي قَصَبَةٍ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ وَ كَانَ إِذَا لَبِسَ كَانَ وَاسِعاً كَبِيراً فَلَمَّا فَصَلُوا وَ يَعْقُوبُ بِالرَّمْلَةِ وَ يُوسُفُ بِمِصْرَ قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ إِنِّي لَأَجِدُ رِيحَ يُوسُفَ عَنَى رِيحَ الْجَنَّةِ حِينَ فَصَلُوا بِالْقَمِيصِ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Al Muzaffar Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Ayyashy, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Nusayr, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Marouf, from Ibn Mahziyar, from Al Hassan Bin Saeed, from Abu Al Balad, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The shirt which was Sent down with to Ibrahim-as was from the Paradise in a silver rod, and when he-as wore it was expansive, large. When they were distant, and Yaqoub-as was at Ramlah and Yusuf-as was in Egypt, Yaqoub-as said: ‘Surely I find the aroma of Yusuf [12:94] – meaning the aroma of the Paradise when they arrived with the shirt, because it was from the Paradise’’.[91]
57- ع، علل الشرائع الطَّالَقَانِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ عَنِ الْمُنْذِرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْهَاشِمِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِجَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ ع لَمَّا قَالَ لَهُ بَنُوهُ يا أَبانَا اسْتَغْفِرْ لَنا ذُنُوبَنا إِنَّا كُنَّا خاطِئِينَ قالَ سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي فَأَخَّرَ الِاسْتِغْفَارَ لَهُمْ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Al Talaqany, from Ahmad Al Hamdany, from al Manzar Bin Muhammad, from Ismail Bin Ibrahim Al Khazaz, from Ismail Bin Al Fazl Al Hashimy who said,
‘I said to Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, ‘‘Inform me about Yaqoub-as, when his-as sons said to him-as, ‘They said, ‘O our father! Seek Forgiveness for us for our sins, surely we were erroneous’ [12:97] He said: ‘Soon I will Forgiveness of my Lord for you all [12:98]. He-as delayed the seeking of Forgiveness for them.
وَ يُوسُفَ ع لَمَّا قَالُوا لَهُ تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ آثَرَكَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنا وَ إِنْ كُنَّا لَخاطِئِينَ قالَ لا تَثْرِيبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَ هُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ
And (about) Yusuf-as, when they said to him-as, ‘By Allah! Allah has Preferred you over us, and we were erroneous’ [12:91] He said: ‘(There shall be) no reproach against you today. May Allah Forgive you, and He is the most Merciful of the merciful ones [12:92]’.
قَالَ لِأَنَّ قَلْبَ الشَّابِّ أَرَقُّ مِنْ قَلْبِ الشَّيْخِ وَ كَانَتْ جِنَايَةُ وُلْدِ يَعْقُوبَ عَلَى يُوسُفَ وَ جِنَايَتُهُمْ عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ بِجِنَايَتِهِمْ عَلَى يُوسُفَ فَبَادَرَ يُوسُفُ إِلَى الْعَفْوِ عَنْ حَقِّهِ وَ أَخَّرَ يَعْقُوبُ الْعَفْوَ لِأَنَّ عَفْوَهُ إِنَّمَا كَانَ عَنْ حَقِّ غَيْرِهِ فَأَخَّرَهُمْ إِلَى السَّحَرِ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ
He-asws said: ‘Because the heart of the young (person) is softer than a heart of the old, and the crime of the children of Yaqoub-as was against Yusuf-as, and rather their crime against Yaqoub-as was their crime against Yusuf-as, therefore Yusuf-as hastened to pardon from his-as right, and Yaqoub-as delayed the pardoning because it was the right of someone else. Thus, he-as delayed them till the night of Friday’’.[92]
وَ أَمَّا الْعِلَّةُ الَّتِي كَانَتْ مِنْ أَجْلِهَا عَرَفَ يُوسُفُ إِخْوَتَهُ وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفُوهُ لَمَّا دَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ طَيْفُورٍ يَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ جاءَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَعَرَفَهُمْ وَ هُمْ لَهُ مُنْكِرُونَ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لِتَرْكِهِمُ حُرْمَةَ يُوسُفَ وَ قَدْ يَمْتَحِنُ اللَّهُ الْمَرْءَ بِتَرْكِهِ الْحُرْمَةَ أَ لَا تَرَى يَعْقُوبَ ع حِينَ تَرَكَ حُرْمَةً غَيَّبُوهُ عَنْ عَيْنِهِ فَامْتُحِنَ مِنْ حَيْثُ تَرَكَ الْحُرْمَةَ بِغَيْبَتِهِ عَنْ عَيْنِهِ لَا عَنْ قَلْبِهِ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَ تَرَكَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ حُرْمَتَهُ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ حَيْثُ عَادَوْهُ وَ أَرَادُوا الْقَطِيعَةَ لِلْحَسَدِ الَّذِي فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ فَامْتُحِنُوا فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ كَأَنَّهُمْ يَرَوْنَهُ وَ لَا يَعْرِفُونَهُ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِأَخِيهِ مِنْ أُمِّهِ حَسَدٌ مِثْلُ مَا كَانَ لِإِخْوَتِهِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ قَالَ إِنِّي أَنَا أَخُوكَ عَلَى يَقِينٍ عَرَفَهُ فَسَلِمَ مِنَ الْمِحَنِ فِيهِ حِينَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ حُرْمَتَهُ وَ هَكَذَا الْعِبَادُ
58- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ وَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ رَفَعُوهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا تَلَقَّى يُوسُفُ يَعْقُوبَ تَرَجَّلَ لَهُ يَعْقُوبُ وَ لَمْ يَتَرَجَّلْ لَهُ يُوسُفُ فَلَمْ يَنْفَصِلَا مِنَ الْعِنَاقِ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا يُوسُفُ تَرَجَّلَ لَكَ الصِّدِّيقُ وَ لَمْ تَتَرَجَّلْ لَهُ ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ فَبَسَطَهَا فَخَرَجَ نُورٌ مِنْ رَاحَتِهِ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees and Muhammad al Attar, from Al Ashary, from Ibn Yazeed, from someone else,
‘Raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Yaqoub-as met Yusuf-as, Yaqoub-as walked over to him, while Yusuf-as did not walk over to him-as. They-as had not separated from the hugging until Jibraeel-as came and said to him-as: ‘O Yusuf-as! The truthful one walks over to you-as and you-as did not walk over to him-as? Extend your-as hand!’ He-as extended it, and a light came out from his-as palm.
فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ مَا هَذَا قَالَ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ عَقِبِكَ نَبِيٌّ عُقُوبَةً
Yusuf-as said to him-as: ‘What is this?’ He-as said: ‘There will not come out from your-as posterity any Prophet-as, as a Punishment’’.[93]
59- ع، علل الشرائع مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أَقْبَلَ يَعْقُوبُ ع إِلَى مِصْرَ خَرَجَ يُوسُفُ ع لِيَسْتَقْبِلَهُ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ يُوسُفُ هَمَّ بِأَنْ يَتَرَجَّلَ لِيَعْقُوبَ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى مَا هُوَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْمُلْكِ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Aban, from Ibn Awrama, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Yaqoub-as arrived in Egypt, Yusuf-as went out to welcome him-as. When Yusuf-as saw him-as, he-as thought of walking to Yaqoub-as. Then he-as considered what he-as was in from the kingdom, and he-as did not do so.
فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا يُوسُفُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ لَكَ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَنْزِلَ إِلَى عَبْدِيَ الصَّالِحِ مَا أَنْتَ فِيهِ- ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ فَبَسَطَهَا فَخَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصَابِعِهِ نُورٌ
When he-as greeted unto Yaqoub-as, Jibraeel-as descended unto him-as and said to him-as: ‘O Yusuf-as! Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted is Saying to you-as: “What prevented you-as from descending to My-azwj righteous servant? What (position) you are in? Extend your-as hand!” He-as extended it, and a light came out between his-as fingers.
فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ هَذَا أَنَّهُ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ صُلْبِكَ نَبِيٌّ أَبَداً عُقُوبَةً لَكَ بِمَا صَنَعْتَ بِيَعْقُوبَ إِذْ لَمْ تَنْزِلْ إِلَيْهِ
He-as said: ‘What is this, O Jibraeel-as?’ He-as said: ‘This (means) there will not come out from your-as lineage a Prophet-as, forever, as a Punishment to you-as due to what you-as did with Yaqoub-as, when you-as did not descend to him-as’’.[94]
60- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: اسْتَأْذَنَتْ زَلِيخَا عَلَى يُوسُفَ فَقِيلَ لَهَا يَا زَلِيخَا إِنَّا نَكْرَهُ أَنْ نُقَدِّمَ بِكِ عَلَيْهِ لِمَا كَانَ مِنْكِ إِلَيْهِ قَالَتْ إِنِّي لَا أَخَافُ مَنْ يَخَافُ اللَّهَ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتْ قَالَ لَهَا يَا زَلِيخَا مَا لِي أَرَاكِ قَدْ تَغَيَّرَ لَوْنُكِ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Hashim, from Ibn Al Mugheira, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘‘Zuleykha sought permission to see Yusuf-as. It was said to her, ‘O Zuleykha! We dislike it to go with you to him-as, due to what was from you to him-as’. She said, ‘I do not fear the one who fears Allah-azwj’. When she came over, he-as said: ‘O Zuleykha! What is the matter that I-as see that your colour (of your face) has changed?’
قَالَتِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الْمُلُوكَ بِمَعْصِيَتِهِمْ عَبِيداً وَ جَعَلَ الْعَبِيدَ بِطَاعَتِهِمْ مُلُوكاً قَالَ لَهَا يَا زَلِيخَا مَا الَّذِي دَعَاكِ إِلَى مَا كَانَ مِنْكِ قَالَتْ حُسْنُ وَجْهِكَ يَا يُوسُفُ
She said, ‘Glory be to the One Who Made the kings to become slaves due to their disobedience, and Made the slaves to be kings due to their obedience’. He-as said to her: ‘What is it that makes you to supplicate – O Zuleykha – to what was from you beforehand?’ She said, ‘Beauty of your-as face, O Yusuf-as’.
فَقَالَ كَيْفَ لَوْ رَأَيْتِ نَبِيّاً يُقَالُ لَهُ مُحَمَّدٌ يَكُونُ فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ أَحْسَنَ مِنِّي وَجْهاً وَ أَحْسَنَ مِنِّي خُلُقاً وَ أَسْمَحَ مِنِّي كَفّاً قَالَتْ صَدَقْتَ
He-as said to her: ‘If only you could have seen a Prophet-saww called Muhammad-saww who would come to be during the end of the times, of a face better than mine-as, and better than me-as in manners, and more forgiving than me-as by his-as palm?’ She said, ‘You-as have spoken the truth’.
قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ عَلِمْتِ أَنِّي صَدَقْتُ قَالَتْ لِأَنَّكَ حِينَ ذَكَرْتَهُ وَقَعَ حُبُّهُ فِي قَلْبِي فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى يُوسُفَ أَنَّهَا قَدْ صَدَقَتْ وَ أَنِّي قَدْ أَحْبَبْتُهَا لِحُبِّهَا مُحَمَّداً ص فَأَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا
He-as said: ‘And how do you know that I-as am speaking the truth?’ She said, ‘Because, when you-as mentioned him-saww, there occurred love for him-saww in my heart’. So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Yusuf-as: “She has spoken the truth, and I-azwj Love her due to her love for Muhammad-saww”. Thus, Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Commanded him-as to marry her’’.[95]
61- ك، إكمال الدين ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ فِي الْقَائِمِ سُنَّةً مِنْ يُوسُفَ قُلْتُ كَأَنَّكَ تَذْكُرُ حَيْرَةً أَوْ غَيْبَةً
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – My father, from Al Himeyri, from Ahmad Bin Hilal, from Ibn Abu Najran, from Fazalat, from Sudeyr who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘In Al-Qaim-asws there is a Sunnah from Yusuf-as’. I said, ‘It looks like you-asws are about to mention his-asws news or his-asws occultation?’.
قَالَ لِي وَ مَا تُنْكِرُ مِنْ هَذَا هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةُ أَشْبَاهُ الْخَنَازِيرِ إِنَّ إِخْوَةَ يُوسُفَ كَانُوا أَسْبَاطاً أَوْلَادَ أَنْبِيَاءَ تَاجَرُوا يُوسُفَ وَ بَايَعُوهُ وَ خَاطَبُوهُ وَ هُمْ إِخْوَتُهُ وَ هُوَ أَخُوهُمْ فَلَمْ يَعْرِفُوهُ حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُمْ يُوسُفُ أَنَا يُوسُفُ
He-asws said to me: ‘And what are they denying, the ones from this community who resemble the pigs? The brothers of Yusuf-as were tribes, children of the Prophets-as. They traded with Yusuf-as and sold him-as, and addressed him-as, and they were his-as brothers, and he-as was their brother. But, they did not recognise him-as until Yusuf-as said to them: ‘I-as am Yusuf-as’.
فَمَا تُنْكِرُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةُ الْمَلْعُونَةُ أَنْ يَكُونَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي وَقْتٍ مِنَ الْأَوْقَاتِ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَسْتُرَ حُجَّتَهُ لَقَدْ كَانَ يُوسُفُ إِلَيْهِ مُلْكُ مِصْرَ وَ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ وَالِدِهِ مَسِيرَةُ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً فَلَوْ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُعَرِّفَ مَكَانَهُ لَقَدَرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ سَارَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ وُلْدُهُ عِنْدَ الْبِشَارَةِ تِسْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ بَدْوِهِمْ إِلَى مِصْرَ
What is this Accursed community denying that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Intend to Veil His-azwj Divine Authority, during a time period, from the time period? Yusuf-as was more Beloved to Him-azwj than the king of Egypt, and there was between him-as and his-as father a journey of eighteen days. Had Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Intended him-as Yaqoub-as to know his-as place, He-azwj had the Power over that, and Allah-azwj had Given the glad tidings to Yaqoub-as and his-as sons and Made them travel (that journey) in nine days (instead), from the beginning of their journey to Egypt.
فَمَا تُنْكِرُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةُ أَنْ يَكُونَ اللَّهُ يَفْعَلُ بِحُجَّتِهِ مَا فَعَلَ بِيُوسُفَ أَنْ يَكُونَ يَسِيرُ فِي أَسْوَاقِهِمْ وَ يَطَأُ بُسُطَهُمْ وَ هُمْ لَا يَعْرِفُونَهُ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يُعَرِّفَهُمْ نَفْسَهُ كَمَا أَذِنَ لِيُوسُفَ حِينَ قَالَ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ ما فَعَلْتُمْ بِيُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ إِذْ أَنْتُمْ جاهِلُونَ قالُوا أَ إِنَّكَ لَأَنْتَ يُوسُفُ قالَ أَنَا يُوسُفُ وَ هذا أَخِي
What is this community denying, that Allah-azwj would be Dealing with His-azwj Divine Authority how He-azwj had Dealt with Yusuf-as? And that he-asws would be travelling in their markets and treading (walking) upon their carpets, and they would not be recognising him-asws until Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic so Permits him-asws to introduce himself-asws just as He-azwj had previously Permitted Yusuf-as where He said: ‘Do you know what you did with Yusuf and his brother when you were ignorant?’ [12:89] He said: ‘I am Yusuf and this is my brother (Benyamin) [12:90]’’.[96]
62- ع، علل الشرائع أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ بَنِي يَعْقُوبَ لَمَّا سَأَلُوا أَبَاهُمْ يَعْقُوبَ أَنْ يَأْذَنَ لِيُوسُفَ فِي الْخُرُوجِ مَعَهُمْ قَالَ لَهُمْ إِنِّي أَخافُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَهُ الذِّئْبُ وَ أَنْتُمْ عَنْهُ غافِلُونَ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَرَّبَ يَعْقُوبُ لَهُمُ الْعِلَّةَ اعْتَلُّوا بِهَا فِي يُوسُفَ ع
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad bin Ahmad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Yunus, from Al Husayn Bin Umar Bin Yazeed, from his father,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the sons of Yaqoub-as asked their father Yaqoub-as to permit them for Yusuf-as regarding the going out with them, he-as said to them: ‘It grieves me that you would go with him and I fear that the wolf devours him while you are heedless from him’ [12:13]. Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Yaqoub-as brought the reason near to them by which they could suspend (their demand) regarding Yusuf-as’’.[97]
63- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ التَّفْلِيسِيِّ عَنِ السَّمَنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ يُوسُفَ اجْعَلْنِي عَلى خَزائِنِ الْأَرْضِ إِنِّي حَفِيظٌ عَلِيمٌ قَالَ حَفِيظٌ بِمَا تَحْتَ يَدَيَّ عَلِيمٌ بِكُلِّ لِسَانِ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Al Tiflisy, from Al Samandy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the words of Yusuf-as: ‘Make me (in charge) upon the treasures of the land, I am a knowledgeable protector [12:55]. He-asws said: ‘Controller of what is under my-as hands, knower of all languages’’.[98]
64- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام سَأَلَ الشَّامِيُّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَنْ أَكْرَمِ النَّاسِ نَسَباً فَقَالَ صِدِّيقُ اللَّهِ يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ إِسْرَائِيلِ اللَّهِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ذَبِيحِ اللَّهِ ابْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’, ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – The Syrian asked Amir Al-Momineen-asws about the most benevolent of the people in lineage. He-asws said: ‘Truthful of Allah-azwj Yusuf-as son-as of Yaqoub-as Israeel of Allah-azwj, son-as of Is’haq-as sacrifice of Allah-azwj, son-as of Ibrahim-as Friend of Allah-azwj’’.[99]
65- مع، معاني الأخبار مَعْنَى يَعْقُوبَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ وَ عِيصٌ تَوْأَمَيْنِ فَوُلِدَ عِيصٌ ثُمَّ وُلِدَ يَعْقُوبُ يَعْقُبُ أَخَاهُ عِيصَ وَ مَعْنَى إِسْرَائِيلَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لِأَنَّ إِسْرَا هُوَ عَبْدٌ وَ إِيلَ هُوَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رُوِيَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ أَنَّ إِسْرَا هُوَ الْقُوَّةُ وَ إِيلَ هُوَ اللَّهُ فَمَعْنَى إِسْرَائِيلَ قُوَّةُ اللَّهِ وَ مَعْنَى يُوسُفَ مَأْخُوذٌ مِنْ آسَفَ يُؤْسِفُ أَيْ أَغْضَبَ يُغْضِبُ إِخْوَتَهُ- قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَلَمَّا آسَفُونا انْتَقَمْنا مِنْهُمْ وَ الْمُرَادُ بِتَسْمِيَتِهِ يُوسُفَ أَنَّهُ يُغْضِبُ إِخْوَتَهُ مَا يَظْهَرُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ
(P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)[100]
66- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ يَعْقُوبَ ع كَانَ لَهُ مُنَادٍ يُنَادِي كُلَّ غَدَاةٍ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ إِلَى فَرْسَخٍ أَلَا مَنْ أَرَادَ الْغَدَاءَ فَلْيَأْتِ إِلَى مَنْزِلِ يَعْقُوبَ ع وَ إِذَا أَمْسَى يُنَادِي أَلَا مَنْ أَرَادَ الْعَشَاءَ فَلْيَأْتِ إِلَى مَنْزِلِ يَعْقُوبَ ع
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Ali Bin Asbat, from Yaqoub Bin Salim, from Al Maysami,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Yaqoub-as had a caller for him-as calling out every lunchtime from his-as house to a Farsakh (3 miles), ‘Indeed! One who wants the lunch, let him come to the house of Yaqoub-as’. And when it was evening, he called out, ‘Indeed! One who wants the dinner, let him come to the house of Yaqoub-as’’.[101]
67- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ وَهَبْنا لَهُ إِسْحاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ نافِلَةً قَالَ وَلَدُ الْوَلَدِ نَافِلَةٌ
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Ibn Isa, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al Bazanty, from Yahya Bin Imran,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And We Bestowed to him Is’haq and Yaqoub in addition, and We Made both to be righteous ones [21:72],he-asws said: ‘A son of a son is (termed as) ‘Nafilat’ (نافلة)’’.[102]
68- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ الْأَحْوَلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَ اسْتَوى قَالَ أَشُدُّهُ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ اسْتَوَى الْتَحَى
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – My father, from Muhammad Bin Al Attar, from Al Ashary, from Ahmad Bin Hilal, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Muhammad bin Abdullah Bin Rabat, from Muhammad Bin Al Numan al Ahowl,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And when he attained his maturity and became full grown, We Gave him wisdom and knowledge [8:14], he-asws said: ‘maturity is eighteen years of age, and, full grown, is growing a beard’’.[103]
69- ك، إكمال الدين مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَسِّنٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْوَاسِطِيِّ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَدِمَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ عَلَى يُوسُفَ لِيَشْتَرِيَ مِنْهُ طَعَاماً فَبَاعَهُ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ أَيْنَ مَنْزِلُكَ قَالَ لَهُ بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِذَا مَرَرْتَ بِوَادِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَقِفْ فَنَادِ يَا يَعْقُوبُ يَا يَعْقُوبُ فَإِنَّهُ سَيَخْرُجُ إِلَيْكَ رَجُلٌ عَظِيمٌ جَمِيلٌ وَسِيمٌ فَقُلْ لَهُ لَقِيتُ رَجُلًا بِمِصْرَ وَ هُوَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ إِنَّ وَدِيعَتَكَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَنْ تَضِيعَ
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Aban, from Ibn Awrama, from Ahmad Ibn Mohsin, from Al Hassan Al Wasity, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A Bedouin came up to Yusuf-as in order to buy food from him-as. He-as sold it to him. And when it was done, Yusuf-as said to him: ‘Where is your home?’ He said to him-asws, ‘At such and such a place’. Then he-as said to him: ‘When you pass by such and such a valley, pause over there and call out, ‘O Yaqoub-as! O Yaqoub-as! There would be coming out to you a great man, beautiful and handsome. Say to him, ‘I met a man in Egypt and he conveyed greetings to you-as and is saying to you-as: ‘Your-as deposit with Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will never go to waste’.
قَالَ فَمَضَى الْأَعْرَابِيُّ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى الْمَوْضِعِ فَقَالَ لِغِلْمَانِهِ احْفَظُوا عَلَيَّ الْإِبِلَ ثُمَّ نَادَى يَا يَعْقُوبُ يَا يَعْقُوبُ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ أَعْمَى طَوِيلٌ جَسِيمٌ جَمِيلٌ يَتَّقِي الْحَائِطَ بِيَدِهِ حَتَّى أَقْبَلَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ أَنْتَ يَعْقُوبُ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَبْلَغَهُ مَا قَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ فَسَقَطَ مَغْشِيّاً عَلَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘The Bedouin went and ended up at that place, and he said to his attendants, ‘Guard my camel for me’. Then he called out, ‘O Yaqoub-as! O Yaqoub-as! There came out to him a blind man, of a tall body, beautiful, relying upon the wall by his-as hands until he-as faced him. The man said to him-as, ‘Are you-as Yaqoub -as?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’. He delivered to him-as what Yusuf-as had said. He-as fell unconscious.
ثُمَّ أَفَاقَ وَ قَالَ لِلْأَعْرَابِيِّ يَا أَعْرَابِيُّ أَ لَكَ حَاجَةٌ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ لَهُ نَعَمْ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ كَثِيرُ الْمَالِ وَ لِيَ ابْنَةُ عَمٍّ لَمْ يُولَدْ لِي مِنْهَا وَ أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَدْعُوَ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَرْزُقَنِي وَلَداً
Then he-as woke up and said to the Bedouin: ‘O Bedouin! Have you any (particular) need to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’ He said to him-as, ‘Yes. I am a man with a lot of wealth, and for me there is a son from my uncle, but not born from me, and I would love it that you-as should supplicated to Allah-azwj to Grant me a son’.
فَتَوَضَّأَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ دَعَا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَرُزِقَ أَرْبَعَةَ بُطُونٍ أَوْ قَالَ سِتَّةَ بُطُونٍ فِي كُلِّ بَطْنٍ اثْنَانِ
He-asws said: ‘Yaqoub-as performed ablution, and prayed two Cycles Salat. Then he-as supplicated to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. He was Granted four abdomens (pregnancies)’ – or said: ‘Six abdomens (pregnancies), in each pregnancy – two (sons)’.
فَكَانَ يَعْقُوبُ ع يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ يُوسُفَ حَيٌّ لَمْ يَمُتْ وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ سَيُظْهِرُهُ لَهُ بَعْدَ غَيْبَةٍ وَ كَانَ يَقُولُ لِبَنِيهِ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ وَ كَانَ بَنُوهُ يُفَنِّدُونَهُ عَلَى ذِكْرِهِ لِيُوسُفَ حَتَّى إِنَّهُ لَمَّا وَجَدَ رِيحَ يُوسُفَ قَالَ إِنِّي لَأَجِدُ رِيحَ يُوسُفَ لَوْ لا أَنْ تُفَنِّدُونِ قالُوا تَاللَّهِ وَ هُوَ يَهُودَا ابْنُهُ إِنَّكَ لَفِي ضَلالِكَ الْقَدِيمِ فَلَمَّا أَنْ جاءَ الْبَشِيرُ فَأَلْقَى قَمِيصَ يُوسُفَ عَلى وَجْهِهِ فَارْتَدَّ بَصِيراً قالَ أَ لَمْ أَقُلْ لَكُمْ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ
Thus Yaqoub-as knew that Yusuf-as was alive and had not died, and that Allah-azwj the Exalted Mentioned that He-azwj would Make him-as appear after his-as absence, and was the speech of His-azwj Prophet-as: ‘Surely I find the aroma of Yusuf, unless you deem me to be weak minded’ [12:94] They said: ‘By Allah! You are (still) in your old error’ [12:95] So when the bearer of glad tidings came – and it was his-as son Yehouda, he cast it upon his face, and he regained his sight. He said: ‘Did I not say to you that I know from Allah what you do not know?’ [12:96]’’.[104]
70- ك، إكمال الدين وَ الدَّلِيلُ عَلَى أَنَّ يَعْقُوبَ ع عَلِمَ بِحَيَاةِ يُوسُفَ وَ أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا غُيِّبَ عَنْهُ لِبَلْوَى وَ اخْتِبَارٍ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ بَنُوهُ يَبْكُونَ قَالَ لَهُمْ يَا بَنِيَّ مَا لَكُمْ تَبْكُونَ وَ تَدْعُونَ بِالْوَيْلِ وَ مَا لِي لَا أَرَى فِيكُمْ حَبِيبِي يُوسُفَ قَالُوا يا أَبانا إِنَّا ذَهَبْنا نَسْتَبِقُ وَ تَرَكْنا يُوسُفَ عِنْدَ مَتاعِنا فَأَكَلَهُ الذِّئْبُ وَ ما أَنْتَ بِمُؤْمِنٍ لَنا وَ لَوْ كُنَّا صادِقِينَ وَ هَذَا قَمِيصُهُ قَدْ أَتَيْنَاكَ بِهِ قَالَ أَلْقُوْهُ إِلَيَّ فَأَلْقَوْهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ أَلْقَاهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ وَ خَرَّ مَغْشِيّاً عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ قَالَ لَهُمْ يَا بَنِيَّ أَ لَسْتُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ الذِّئْبَ أَكَلَ حَبِيبِي يُوسُفَ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ مَا لِي لَا أَشَمُّ رِيحَ لَحْمِهِ وَ مَا لِي أَرَى قَمِيصَهُ صَحِيحاً هَبُوا أَنَّ الْقَمِيصَ انْكَشَفَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِهِ أَ رَأَيْتُمْ مَا كَانَ فِي مَنْكِبَيْهِ وَ عُنُقِهِ كَيْفَ يَخْلُصُ إِلَيْهِ الذِّئْبُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَخْرِقَهُ إِنَّ هَذَا الذِّئْبَ لَمَكْذُوبٌ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنَّ ابْنِي لَمَظْلُومٌ بَلْ سَوَّلَتْ لَكُمْ أَنْفُسُكُمْ أَمْراً فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ وَ اللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعانُ عَلى ما تَصِفُونَ وَ تَوَلَّى عَنْهُمْ لَيْلَتَهُمْ تِلْكَ وَ أَقْبَلَ يَرْثِي يُوسُفَ وَ يَقُولُ حَبِيبِي يُوسُفُ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أُؤْثِرُهُ عَلَى جَمِيعِ أَوْلَادِي فَاخْتُلِسَ مِنِّي حَبِيبِي يُوسُفُ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَرْجُوهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَوْلَادِي فَاخْتُلِسَ مِنِّي حَبِيبِي يُوسُفُ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أُوَسِّدُهُ يَمِينِي وَ أُدَثِّرُهُ بِشِمَالِي فَاخْتُلِسَ مِنِّي حَبِيبِي يُوسُفُ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أُؤْنِسُ بِهِ وَحْشَتِي وَ أَصِلُ بِهِ وَحْدَتِي فَاخْتُلِسَ مِنِّي حَبِيبِي يُوسُفُ لَيْتَ شِعْرِي فِي أَيِّ الْجِبَالِ طَرَحُوكَ أَمْ فِي أَيِّ الْبِحَارِ غَرَّقُوكَ حَبِيبِي يُوسُفُ لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ مَعَكَ فَيُصِيبَنِيَ الَّذِي أَصَابَكَ وَ مِنَ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ يَعْقُوبَ ع عَلِمَ بِحَيَاةِ يُوسُفَ ع وَ أَنَّهُ فِي الْغَيْبَةِ قَوْلُهُعَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَنِي بِهِمْ جَمِيعاً وَ قَوْلُهُ لِبَنِيهِ اذْهَبُوا فَتَحَسَّسُوا مِنْ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ وَ لا تَيْأَسُوا مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لا يَيْأَسُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْقَوْمُ الْكافِرُونَ
(P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)[105]
71 ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا فَقَدَ يَعْقُوبُ يُوسُفَ ع اشْتَدَّ حُزْنُهُ وَ تَغَيَّرَ حَالُهُ وَ كَانَ يَمْتَارُ الْقَمْحَ مِنْ مِصْرَ لِعِيَالِهِ فِي السَّنَةِ مَرَّتَيْنِ فِي الشِّتَاءِ وَ الصَّيْفِ فَإِنَّهُ بَعَثَ عِدَّةً مِنْ وُلْدِهِ بِبِضَاعَةٍ يَسِيرَةٍ مَعَ رِفْقَةٍ خَرَجَتْ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from his father, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When Yaqoub-as lost Yusuf-as, his-as grief intensified and his-as state changed, and he-as used to get wheat from Egypt for his-as dependants twice during the year – in the winder and the summer, and he-as sent a number of his-as sons with a light provision to travel to Egypt. They went out with some of their comrades.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ ع عَرَفَهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفُوهُ فَقَالَ هَلُمُّوا بِضَاعَتَكُمْ حَتَّى أَبْدَأَ بِكُمْ قَبْلَ الرِّفَاق وَ قَالَ لِفِتْيَانِهِ عَجِّلُوا لِهَؤُلَاءِ بِالْكَيْلِ وَ أَقْرُوهُمْ وَ اجْعَلُوا بِضَاعَتَهُمْ فِي رِحَالِهِمْ إِذَا فَرَغْتُمْ
When they entered to see Yusuf-as, he-as recognised them and they did not recognise him-as. He-as said: ‘Place your merchandise in front of the friends, until I-as begin with you’, and he-as said to the servants: ‘Hurry for them with the measuring, and give them full measure, and make their merchandise to be in their saddlebags when you are free.
وَ قَالَ يُوسُفُ لَهُمْ كَانَ أَخَوَانِ مِنْ أَبِيكُمْ فَمَا فَعَلَا قَالُوا أَمَّا الْكَبِيرُ مِنْهُمَا فَإِنَّ الذِّئْبَ أَكَلَهُ وَ أَمَّا الْأَصْغَرُ فَخَلَّفْنَاهُ عِنْدَ أَبِيهِ وَ هُوَ بِهِ ضَنِينٌ وَ عَلَيْهِ شَفِيقٌ
Yusuf-as said to them: ‘There were two brothers from your father-as, what happened to them?’ They said, ‘As for the elder of the two, the wolf ate him-as, and for the younger, we left him (Benyamin-as) with his-as father-as, and he-as is protective, affectionate to him-as’.
قَالَ إِنِّي أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَأْتُونِي بِهِ مَعَكُمْ إِذَا جِئْتُمْ لِتَمْتَارُوا وَ لَمَّا فَتَحُوا مَتَاعَهُمْ وَجَدُوا بِضَاعَتَهُمْ فِيهَا قالُوا يا أَبانا ما نَبْغِي هذِهِ بِضاعَتُنا رُدَّتْ إِلَيْنا
He-as said: ‘So I-as would like you to bring him-as to me-as with you when you come for the (grain) collection’. And when they opened their goods, they found their merchandise having been returned to them. They said, ‘O our father! What (else) can we seek? This here is would merchandise having been returned to us [12:65].
فَلَمَّا احْتَاجُوا إِلَى الْمِيرَةِ بَعْدَ سِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ بَعَثَهُمْ وَ بَعَثَ مَعَهُمُ ابْنَ يَامِينَ بِبِضَاعَةٍ يَسِيرَةٍ فَأَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَوْثِقاً مِنَ اللَّهِ لَتَأْتُنَّنِي بِهِ فَانْطَلَقُوا مَعَ الرِّفَاقِ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ فَهَيَّأَ لَهُمْ طَعَاماً وَ قَالَ لِيَجْلِسْ كُلُّ بَنِي أُمٍّ عَلَى مَائِدَةٍ فَجَلَسُوا وَ بَقِيَ ابْنُ يَامِينَ قَائِماً
When they were needy to the foodstuff after six months, he-as sent them and sent Benyamin-as with them with light provisions, and took a covenant from Allah-azwj with them with regards to that: that you would be coming back with him, [12:66]’. They went with the comrades until they came up to Yusuf-as. He-as welcomed them with a meal and said: ‘Let every son of one mother sit upon a meal’. They sat and Benyamin-as remained standing.
فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ مَا لَكَ لَمْ تَجْلِسْ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ لِي فِيهِمْ ابْنُ أُمٍّ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ فَمَا لَكَ ابْنُ أُمٍّ قَالَ بَلَى زَعَمَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَنَّ الذِّئْبَ أَكَلَهُ قَالَ فَمَا بَلَغَ مِنْ حُزْنِكَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ وُلِدَ لِي أَحَدَ عَشَرَ ابْناً لِكُلِّهِمْ أَشْتَقُّ اسْماً مِنِ اسْمِهِ
Yusuf-as said to him: ‘What is the matter you-as are not sitting?’ He-as said:’ There isn’t a son of a mother for me-as among them’. Yusuf-as said: ‘There is no son of a mother for you-as?’ He-as said: ‘But they claimed that the wolf ate him-as’. He-as said: ‘What did your-as grief upon him-as reach to?’ He-as said: ‘Twelve sons were born for me-as, and I-as derived a name from his-as name for each one of them’.
قَالَ أَرَاكَ قَدْ عَانَقْتَ النِّسَاءَ فَشَمِمْتَ الْوَلَدَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ لِي أَباً صَالِحاً قَالَ لِي تَزَوَّجْ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ مِنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً يُثْقِلُ الْأَرْضَ بِالتَّسْبِيحِ
He-as said: ‘I-as see that you-as have hugged the women. I-as smell the child from after him-as’. He-as said: ‘There is a righteous father-as for me-as. He-as said to me-as: ‘Get married, perhaps Allah-azwj will Bring out from you-as an offspring weighing down the ground with the Glorification (of Allah-azwj)’.
قَالَ يُوسُفُ تَعَالَ فَاجْلِسْ مَعِي عَلَى مَائِدَتِي فَقَالَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ لَقَدْ فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخَاهُ حَتَّى إِنَّ الْمَلِكَ قَدْ أَجْلَسَهُ مَعَهُ عَلَى مَائِدَتِهِ وَ قَالَ يُوسُفُ لِابْنِ يَامِينَ إِنِّي أَنَا أَخُوكَ فَلا تَبْتَئِسْ بِمَا تَرَانِي أَفْعَلُ وَ اكْتُمْ مَا أَخْبَرْتُكَ وَ لَا تَحْزَنْ وَ لَا تَخَفْ
Yusuf-as said: ‘Come and sit with me-as at my-as table’. The brothers of Yusuf-as said: ‘Allah-azwj has Preferred Yusuf-as and his-as brother-as to the extent that the king has made him sit with him at his table’. And Yusuf-as said to Benyamin-as: ‘I-as am your-as brother-as Yusuf-as. Do not be disheartened with what you-as see me-as do, and conceal what I-as am informing you-as with, and do not fear’.
ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ أَمَرَ فِتْيَتَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا بِضَاعَتَهُمْ وَ يُعَجِّلُوا لَهُمُ الْكَيْلَ وَ إِذَا فَرَغُوا فَاجْعَلُوا الْمِكْيَالَ فِي رَحْلِ أَخِيهِ ابْنِ يَامِينَ فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ وَ ارْتَحَلَ الْقَوْمُ مَعَ الرِّفْقَةِ فَمَضَوْا وَ لَحِقَهُمْ فِتْيَةُ يُوسُفَ فَنَادَوْا أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ قالُوا … ما ذا تَفْقِدُونَ
Then he-as brought him-as out to them and instructed his-as servants to take their merchandise and Make the measurements (of the wheat) for them, and when they are free, they should make the measuring cup to be in the riding animal of his-as brother-as Benyamin-as. They did that, and the group departed with the friends, and they went, and the servants of Yusuf-as caught up with them and called out, ‘O caravan! You are stealing!’ [12:70].They said, ‘What is that which you are missing?’ [12:71].
قالُوا نَفْقِدُ صُواعَ الْمَلِكِ قَالُوا ما كُنَّا سارِقِينَ قالُوا فَما جَزاؤُهُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ كاذِبِينَ قالُوا جَزاؤُهُ مَنْ وُجِدَ فِي رَحْلِهِ فَهُوَ جَزاؤُهُ … فَبَدَأَ بِأَوْعِيَتِهِمْ قَبْلَ وِعاءِ أَخِيهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَخْرَجَها مِنْ وِعاءِ أَخِيهِ … قالُوا إِنْ يَسْرِقْ فَقَدْ سَرَقَ أَخٌ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ
They said, ‘We miss the king’s drinking cup [12:72]. They said, we are not thieves’ [12:73]. They said, ‘So what would be its recompense if you were liars?’ [12:74] They said, ‘Its recompense is, the one in whose bag it is found to be, then he would be its recompense [12:75]. So it (the search) was begun with their bags before the bag of his brother (Benyamin), then it was extracted from the bag of his brother. [12:76] They (brothers) said, ‘If he has stolen, then a brother of his did indeed steal from before’. [12:77].
ثُمَ قالُوا يا أَيُّهَا الْعَزِيزُ إِنَّ لَهُ أَباً شَيْخاً كَبِيراً فَخُذْ أَحَدَنا مَكانَهُ … قالَ مَعاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ إِلَّا مَنْ وَجَدْنا مَتاعَنا عِنْدَهُ … قالَ كَبِيرُهُمْ إِنِّي لَسْتُ أَبْرَحُ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لِي أَبِي
Then they said, ‘O king! There is an aged father-as for him-as, old, so take one of us in his-as place’. He-as said: ‘Allah-azwj Forbid! We will not take except the one we found our item with him’. Their eldest said, I will never depart (from this) land until my father permits for me or Allah Decides for me [12:80].
فَمَضَى إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَيْنَ ابْنُ يَامِينَ فَقَالُوا سَرَقَ مِكْيَالَ الْمَلِكِ فَحَبَسَهُ عِنْدَهُ فَاسْأَلْ أَهْلَ الْقَرْيَةِ وَ الْعِيْرَ حَتَّى يُخْبِرُوكَ بِذَلِكَ فَاسْتَرْجَعَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ اسْتَعْبَرَ حَتَّى تَقَوَّسَ ظَهْرُهُ
And the brothers of Yusuf-as went until they came up to Yaqoub-as, so he-as said to them: ‘Where is Benyamin-as?’ They said, ‘Benyamin-as stole the property of the king, so the king seized him-as for his theft, and he-as is imprisoned with him. And inquire in the town and the caravan until they inform you-as of that’. He-as recalled (said: ‘Inna Lillah Wan Inna Ilayhi Rajioun’) and shed tears and his-as grief intensified to the extent that his-as back became arched.
فَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ يا بَنِيَّ اذْهَبُوا فَتَحَسَّسُوا مِنْ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ فَخَرَجَ مِنْهُمْ نَفَرٌ وَ بَعَثَ مَعَهُمْ بِبِضَاعَةٍ وَ كَتَبَ مَعَهُمْ كِتَاباً إِلَى عَزِيزِ مِصْرَ يَعْطِفُهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ وُلْدِهِ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ بِكِتَابِ أَبِيهِمْ فَأَخَذَهُ وَ قَبَّلَهُ وَ بَكَى ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَ قالَ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ ما فَعَلْتُمْ بِيُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ قَالُوا أَ أَنْتَ يُوسُفُ قالَ أَنَا يُوسُفُ وَ هذا أَخِي
Yaqoub-as said: O my sons! Go and inquire about Yusuf and his brother [12:87]. A number of them went out and He-as sent some goods with them, and wrote a letter (sending) with them to the ruler of Egypt, and inclining him to himself-as and his-as children. They came to Yusuf-as with the letter of their father, and he-as took it and kissed it and cried. Then he-as turned towards them and said: ‘Do you know what you did with Yusuf and his brother [12:89] They said: ‘Are you indeed Yusuf?’ He said: ‘I am Yusuf and this is my brother (Benyamin). [12:90].
وَ قَالَ يُوسُفُ لا تَثْرِيبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ اذْهَبُوا بِقَمِيصِي هذا بَلَّتْهُ دُمُوعِي فَأَلْقُوهُ عَلى وَجْهِ أَبِي … وَ أْتُونِي بِأَهْلِكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
And Yusuf-as said: ‘(There shall be) no reproach against you today. May Allah Forgive you [12:92]. Go with this shirt of mine and cast it upon my father’s face, he would regain his vision, and come to me with your family altogether’ [12:93].
فَأَقْبَلَ وُلْدُ يَعْقُوبَ يُحِثُّونَ السَّيْرَ بِالْقَمِيصِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ لَهُمْ مَا فَعَلَ ابْنُ يَامِينَ قَالُوا خَلَّفْنَاهُ عِنْدَ أَخِيهِ صَالِحاً فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ سَجَدَ لِرَبِّهِ سَجْدَةَ الشُّكْرِ وَ اعْتَدَلَ ظَهْرُهُ وَ قَالَ لِوُلْدِهِ تَحَمَّلُوا إِلَى يُوسُفَ مِنْ يَوْمِكُمْ
The sons of Yaqoub-as came back with the shirt urging the travel. When they entered to see him-as, he-as said to them: ‘What is done with Benyamin?’ They said, ‘We left him-as behind with his-as righteous brother-as’. Yaqoub-as praised Allah-azwj during that and performed Sajdah to his-as Lord-azwj of the thanks, and his-as back straightened, and he-as said to his-as sons: ‘Take me-as to Yusuf-as in this very day of yours’.
فَسَارُوا فِي تِسْعَةِ أَيَّامٍ إِلَى مِصْرَ فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا اعْتَنَقَ يُوسُفُ أَبَاهُ وَ رَفَعَ خَالَتَهُ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ وَ ادَّهَنَ وَ لَبِسَ ثِيَابَ الْمُلْكِ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ سَجَدُوا شُكْراً لِلَّهِ وَ مَا تَطَيَّبَ يُوسُفُ فِي تِلْكَ الْمُدَّةِ وَ لَا مَسَّ النِّسَاءَ حَتَّى جَمَعَ اللَّهُ لِيَعْقُوبَ شَمْلَهُ
They travelled in nine days to Egypt. When they entered, Yusuf-as hugged his-as father-as, and raised his-as mingling. Then he-as entered his-as house and oiled (himself-as), and wore the kingly clothes. When they saw him-as they performed Sajdah thanking Allah-azwj; and Yusuf-as had not perfumed during that period, nor touched the women until Allah-azwj Gathered for Yaqoub-as, his-as family’’.[106]
72- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْفَرَّاءِ عَنْ طِرْبَالٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أَمَرَ الْمَلِكُ بِحَبْسِ يُوسُفَ ع فِي السِّجْنِ أَلْهَمَهُ اللَّهُ تَأْوِيلَ الرُّؤْيَا فَكَانَ يُعَبِّرُ لِأَهْلِ السِّجْنِ رُؤْيَاهُمْ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, by his chain to Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Ismail Al Fara’a, from Tarbal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the king ordered the imprisonment of Yusuf-as in the prison, Allah-azwj Inspired him-as the interpretation of the dream, and he-as used to express (interpretation) of the dreams of the inmates of the prison’’.[107]
73- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ يُوسُفُ ع بَيْنَ أَبَوَيْهِ مُكَرَّماً ثُمَّ صَارَ عَبْداً فَصَارَ مَلِكاً
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, by his chain to Al Bazanty, from Abu Jameela, from Abdullah Ibn Suleyman,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Yusuf-as was honourable between his-as parents, then became a slave, and became a king’’.[108]
74- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الطَّلْحِيِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا حَالُ بَنِي يَعْقُوبَ هَلْ خَرَجُوا مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَقُولُ فِي آدَمَ ع قَالَ دَعْ آدَمَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, by his chain, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Washa, from Hamad Bin Usman, from Jameel, from Suleyman Bin Abdullah Al Talhy who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What is the state of the sons of Yaqoub-as? Did they exit from the Eman?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘What are you-asws saying regarding Adam-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Leave Adam-as’’.[109]
75- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ كَانَ أَوْلَادُ يَعْقُوبَ أَنْبِيَاءَ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا أَسْبَاطاً أَوْلَادَ أَنْبِيَاءَ وَ لَمْ يُفَارِقُوا إِلَّا سُعَدَاءَ تَابُوا وَ تَذَكَّرُوا مِمَّا صَنَعُوا
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By this chain, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Bazie, from Hanan Bin Sudeyr who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘Were the children of Yaqoub-as Prophets-as?’ He-asws said: ‘No, but they were tribes of the children of Prophets-as, and did not separate (from the world) except as fortunate, repentant, and having minded (regretful) from what they had done’’.[110]
76- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا بَلَغَ مِنْ حُزْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَلَى يُوسُفَ قَالَ حُزْنَ سَبْعِينَ ثَكْلَى
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain from Al Sadouq, from his father, from Al Safar, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from hisham Bin Salim who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What has reached regarding the grief of Yaqoub-as over Yusuf-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Grief of seventy recently bereaved ones’.
قَالَ وَ لَمَّا كَانَ يُوسُفُ ع فِي السِّجْنِ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ ابْتَلَاكَ وَ ابْتَلَى أَبَاكَ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُنْجِيكَ مِنْ هَذَا السِّجْنِ فَاسْأَلِ اللَّهَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ أَنْ يُخَلِّصَكَ مِمَّا أَنْتَ فِيهِ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is Trying you-as and Trying your-as father-as, and Allah-azwj will Rescue you-as from this prison, so ask Allah-azwj by the right of Muhammad-saww and the People-asws of his-as Household to finish you off from what you-as are in’.
فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ إِلَّا عَجَّلْتَ فَرَجِي وَ أَرَحْتَنِي مِمَّا أَنَا فِيهِ
Yusuf-as said: ‘O Allah-azwj! I-as ask You-azwj by the right of Muhammad-saww and the People-asws of his-saww Household only to Hasten my-as relief and Give me-as rest from what I-as am in’.
قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَأَبْشِرْ أَيُّهَا الصِّدِّيقُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَرْسَلَنِي إِلَيْكَ بِالْبِشَارَةِ بِأَنَّهُ يُخْرِجُكَ مِنَ السِّجْنِ إِلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَ يُمَلِّكُكَ مِصْرَ وَ أَهْلَهَا يُخْدِمُكَ أَشْرَافَهَا وَ يَجْمَعُ إِلَيْكَ إِخْوَتَكَ وَ أَبَاكَ فَأَبْشِرْ أَيُّهَا الصِّدِّيقُ أَنَّكَ صَفِيُّ اللَّهِ وَ ابْنُ صَفِيِّهِ
Jibraeel-as said: ‘Receive glad tidings, O truthful one, for Allah-azwj the Exalted Sent me-as to you-as with the glad tidings that He-azwj will Take you-as out from the prison in three days, and Make you-as the ruler of Egypt and its people, its noble one will serve you-as, and will Gather to you-as and your-as brothers and your-as father. Receive glad tidings O truthful one! You-as are elite of Allah-azwj and son-as of His-azwj elite’.
فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ يُوسُفُ ع إِلَّا تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ حَتَّى رَأَى الْمَلِكُ رُؤْيَا أَفْزَعَتْهُ فَقَصَّهَا عَلَى أَعْوَانِهِ فَلَمْ يَدْرُوا مَا تَأْوِيلُهَا فَذَكَرَ الْغُلَامُ الَّذِي نَجَا مِنَ السِّجْنِ يُوسُفَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ أَرْسِلْنِي إِلَى السِّجْنِ فَإِنَّ فِيهِ رَجُلًا لَمْ يُرَ مِثْلُهُ حِلْماً وَ عِلْماً وَ تَفْسِيراً وَ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَنَا وَ فُلَانٌ غَضِبْتَ عَلَيْنَا وَ أَمَرْتَ بِحَبْسِنَا رَأَيْنَا رُؤْيَا فَعَبَّرَهَا لَنَا وَ كَانَ كَمَا قَالَ فَفُلَانٌ صُلِبَ وَ أَمَّا أَنَا فَنَجَوْتُ
Yusuf-as did not remain except that very night until the king saw a dream panicking him and he narrated it to his assistance, but they did not know what its interpretation was. The boy who was rescued from the prison, remembered Yusuf-as and said to him, ‘O you king! Send me to the prison for therein is a man you have not seen the like of him-as in forbearance, and knowledge, and interpretation. I and so and so, there was a (judgement of) crucifixion upon us and there was an order with imprisoning us. We saw a dream and he-as interpreted it for us, and it happened just as he said. So and so was crucified, and as for me, I was rescued’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ انْطَلِقْ إِلَيْهِ فَدَخَلَ وَ قَالَ يُوسُفُ أَفْتِنَا فِي سَبْعِ بَقَرَاتٍ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ رِسَالَةُ يُوسُفَ الْمَلِكَ قَالَ ائْتُونِي بِهِ أَسْتَخْلِصْهُ لِنَفْسِي فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ يُوسُفَ رِسَالَةُ الْمَلِكِ قَالَ كَيْفَ أَرْجُو كَرَامَتَهُ وَ قَدْ عَرَفَ بَرَاءَتِي وَ حَبَسَنِي سِنِينَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ الْمَلِكُ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى النِّسْوَةِ فَ قالَ ما خَطْبُكُنَ فَ قُلْنَ حاشَ لِلَّهِ ما عَلِمْنا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ سُوءٍ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ وَ أَخْرَجَهُ مِنَ السِّجْنِ
The king said to him, ‘Go to him!’ He came and said, ‘Yusuf-as! Give us a verdict regarding seven cows’. When he had delivered the message of Yusuf-as the king said, ‘Come with him to me, I shall conclude for myself’. [12:54]. When the message of the king reached Yusuf-as, he-as said: ‘How can he wish for honouring me-as and he has recognised my disavowing and imprisoned me for years?’ When the king heard, he sent a message to the womenfolk and said, ‘What is your affair?’ They said, ‘By Allah-azwj! We do not know of any evil upon him’. He sent a message to him and took him-as out from the prison.
فَلَمَّا كَلَّمَهُ أَعْجَبَهُ كَمَالُهُ وَ عَقْلُهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ اقْصُصْ رُؤْيَايَ فَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْمَعَهَا مِنْكَ فَذَكَرَهُ يُوسُفُ كَمَا رَأَى وَ فَسَّرَهُ قَالَ الْمَلِكُ صَدَقْتَ فَمَنْ لِي بِجَمْعِ ذَلِكَ وَ حِفْظِهِ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ أَنِّي مُدَبِّرُهُ وَ الْقَيِّمُ بِهِ فِي تِلْكَ السِّنِينَ
When he spoke to him-as, his-as perfection and his-as intellect astounded him, and he-asws said to him: ‘Narrate your dream for I-as want to hear it from you’. He mentioned it to Yusuf-as just as he had seen, and he-asws interpreted it. The king said, ‘You-as speak the truth, so who is there for me who can gather that for me and protect me?’ Yusuf-as said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to me-as and I-as would be its manager and the custodian with it during those years (of drought)’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ صَدَقْتَ دُونَكَ خَاتَمِي وَ سَرِيرِي وَ تَاجِي فَأَقْبَلَ يُوسُفُ عَلَى جَمْعِ الطَّعَامِ فِي السِّنِينَ السَّبْعِ الْخَصِيبَةِ يَكْبِسُهُ فِي الْخَزَائِنِ فِي سُنْبُلِهِ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَتِ السِّنُونَ الْجَدْبَةُ أَقْبَلَ يُوسُفُ ع عَلَى بَيْعِ الطَّعَامِ فَبَاعَهُمْ فِي السَّنَةِ الْأُولَى بِالدَّرَاهِمِ وَ الدَّنَانِيرِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ بِمِصْرَ وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا دِينَارٌ وَ لَا دِرْهَمٌ إِلَّا صَارَ فِي مَمْلَكَةِ يُوسُفَ ع
The king said to him-as, ‘You-as speak the truth. Take my seal, and my throne, and my crown!’ Yusuf-as faced upon the entirety of the foodstuff during the seven years of the fertility, amassing it in the granaries in its ears. Then came the seven years of drought. Yusuf-as came upon selling the food and sold it to them during the first years for the Dirhams and the Dinars (cash), until there did not remain in Egypt and what is around it, neither any Dinars nor any Dirhams except it came to be in the kingdom of Yusuf-as.
وَ بَاعَهُمْ فِي السَّنَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ بِالْحُلِيِّ وَ الْجَوَاهِرِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ بِمِصْرَ وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا حُلِيٌّ وَ لَا جَوَاهِرُ إِلَّا صَارَ فِي مَمْلَكَتِهِ
And in the second year he-as sold for the garments and the jewellery until there did not remain in Egypt and what is around it, neither any garments nor jewellery except it came to be in his-as kingdom.
وَ بَاعَهُمْ فِي السَّنَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ بِالدَّوَابِّ وَ الْمَوَاشِي حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ بِمِصْرَ وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا دَابَّةٌ وَ لَا مَاشِيَةٌ إِلَّا صَارَتْ فِي مَمْلَكَةِ يُوسُفَ
And in the third year he-as sold for the (riding) animals and the livestock until there did not remain in Egypt and what is around it, neither a (riding) animal nor any livestock except they came to be in the kingdom of Yusuf-as.
وَ بَاعَهُمْ فِي السَّنَةِ الرَّابِعَةِ بِالْعَبِيدِ وَ الْإِمَاءِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ بِمِصْرَ وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا عَبْدٌ وَ لَا أَمَةٌ إِلَّا صَارَتْ فِي مَمْلَكَةِ يُوسُفَ
And in the fourth year he-as sold for the slaves and the maids, until there did not remain in Egypt and what is around it, neither any slave nor a maid except they came to be in the kingdom of Yusuf-as.
وَ بَاعَهُمْ فِي السَّنَةِ الْخَامِسَةِ بِالدُّورِ وَ الْعَقَارِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ بِمِصْرَ وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا دَارٌ وَ لَا عَقَارٌ إِلَّا صَارَ فِي مَمْلَكَةِ يُوسُفَ
And in the fifth year he-as sold for the houses and the estates until there did not remain in Egypt and what is around it, neither a house nor any estates except these came to be in the kingdom of Yusuf-as.
وَ بَاعَهُمْ فِي السَّنَةِ السَّادِسَةِ بِالْمَزَارِعِ وَ الْأَنْهَارِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ بِمِصْرَ وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا نَهَرٌ وَ لَا مَزْرَعَةٌ إِلَّا صَارَ فِي مَمْلَكَةِ يُوسُفَ ع
And he-as sold it to them during the sixth year for the farms and the rivers, until there did not remain in Egypt and its surrounding areas a river or a farm except that it came to be in his-as kingdom.
وَ بَاعَهُمْ فِي السَّنَةِ السَّابِعَةِ بِرِقَابِهِمْ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ بِمِصْرَ وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا عَبْدٌ وَ لَا حُرٌّ إِلَّا صَارَ فِي مَمْلَكَةِ يُوسُفَ وَ صَارُوا عَبِيداً لَهُ
And he-as sold it to them in the seventh year for their own necks, until there did not remain in Egypt and its surrounding areas a slave or a free one, except that they came to be in the kingdom of Yusuf-as and because slaves of his-as.
فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ لِلْمَلِكِ مَا تَرَى فِيمَا خَوَّلَنِي رَبِّي قَالَ الرَّأْيُ رَأْيُكَ قَالَ إِنِّي أُشْهِدُ اللَّهَ وَ أُشْهِدُكَ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ أَنِّي أَعْتَقْتُ أَهْلَ مِصْرَ كُلَّهُمْ وَ رَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَ عَبِيدَهُمْ وَ رَدَدْتُ عَلَيْكَ خَاتَمَكَ وَ سَرِيرَكَ وَ تَاجَكَ عَلَى أَنْ لَا تَسِيرَ إِلَّا بِسِيرَتِي وَ لَا تَحْكُمَ إِلَّا بِحُكْمِي فَاللَّهُ أَنْجَاهُمْ عَلَيَّ
Yusuf-as said to the king: ‘What is your view regarding what my-as Lord-azwj Empowering me-as?’ He-as said: ‘The view is your-as view’. He-asws said: ‘: ‘I-as keep Allah-azwj as a Witness, and keep you as a witness, O king, that I-as hereby free the people of Egypt, all of them, and return to them their wealth, and their slaves, and return to you, O king, your ring (seal), and your couch, and your crown, upon the condition that you will not operate (your affairs) except by my-as way (of operation), and will not rule except by my-as way of governance’.
فَقَالَ الْمَلِكُ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَدِينِي وَ فَخْرِي- وَ أَنَا أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُهُ
The king said, ‘That is to be my religion and my pride, and I testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj Alone, there being no associates for Him-azwj, and you-as are His-azwj Rasool-as’’.[111]
77- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلَاءٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ ع كَمْ عَاشَ مَعَ يُوسُفَ بِمِصْرَ بَعْدَ مَا جَمَعَ اللَّهُ لِيَعْقُوبَ شَمْلَهُ وَ أَرَاهُ تَأْوِيلَ رُؤْيَا يُوسُفَ الصَّادِقَةِ قَالَ عَاشَ حَوْلَيْنِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to al Sadouq, from Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Himeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Alana, from Muhammad who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘For how long did Yaqoub-as live with Yusuf-as in Egypt after Allah-azwj had Brought together his-as family, and Shown him-as the interpretation of the dream of Yusuf-as to be true?’ He-asws said: ‘Lived for two years’.
قُلْتُ فَمَنْ كَانَ الْحُجَّةَ فِي الْأَرْضِ يَعْقُوبُ أَمْ يُوسُفُ قَالَ كَانَ يَعْقُوبُ الْحُجَّةَ وَ كَانَ الْمُلْكُ لِيُوسُفَ فَلَمَّا مَاتَ يَعْقُوبُ ع حَمَلَهُ يُوسُفُ فِي تَابُوتٍ إِلَى أَرْضِ الشَّامِ فَدَفَنَهُ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَكَانَ يُوسُفُ بَعْدَ يَعْقُوبَ الْحُجَّةَ
I said, ‘So who was the Divine Authority of Allah-azwj in the earth, Yaqoub-as or Yusuf-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Yaqoub-as was the Divine Authority, and the kingdom was for Yusuf-as. When Yaqoub-as died, Yusuf-as carried his-as body in a coffin to the land of Syria, and had him-as buried in Bayt Al-Maqdis. Then, Yusuf-as Bin Yaqoub-as was the Divine Authority’.
قُلْتُ فَكَانَ يُوسُفُ رَسُولًا نَبِيّاً قَالَ نَعَمْ أَ مَا تَسْمَعُ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ لَقَدْ جاءَكُمْ يُوسُفُ مِنْ قَبْلُ بِالْبَيِّناتِ
I said, ‘Was Yusuf-as a Messenger Prophet-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes. Have you not heard the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: And Yusuf had come to you before with the clear Proofs [40:34]’’.[112]
78- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا صَارَ يُوسُفُ إِلَى مَا صَارَ إِلَيْهِ تَعَرَّضَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَةُ الْعَزِيزِ فَقَالَ لَهَا مَنْ أَنْتِ فَقَالَتْ أَنَا تِيكُمْ فَقَالَ لَهَا انْصَرِفِي فَإِنِّي سَأُغْنِيكِ قَالَ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهَا بِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, by his chain from Muhammad Bin Awrama, from one of our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Yusuf-as came to what he-as came to, the wife of the ruler presented to him-as. He-as said to her: ‘Who are you?’ She said, ‘I come to you-as (for help)’. He-as said: ‘Leave, for I-as shall enrich you’. He-as sent one hundred thousand Dirhams to her’’.[113]
79- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ يُوسُفَ لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةَ الْعَزِيزِ وَجَدَهَا عَذْرَاءَ فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا حَمَلَكِ عَلَى الَّذِي صَنَعْتِ قَالَتْ ثَلَاثُ خِصَالٍ الشَّبَابُ وَ الْمَالُ وَ أَنِّي كُنْتُ لَا زَوْجَ لِي يَعْنِي كَانَ الْمَلِكُ عِنِّيناً
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By this chain from one of our companions, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Yusuf-as married the wife of the ruler, found her to be a virgin. He-as said to her: ‘What carried you upon what you did?’ She said, ‘Three characteristics – the youth, and the wealth, and I was as if there was no husband for me’ – meaning the king was impotent’’.[114]
80- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا يَرْفَعُهُ قَالَتْ إِنَّ امْرَأَةَ الْعَزِيزِ احْتَاجَتْ فَقِيلَ لَهَا لَوْ تَعَرَّضْتِ لِيُوسُفَ ع فَقَعَدْتِ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَلَمَّا مَرَّ بِهَا قَالَتْ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الْعَبِيدَ بِطَاعَتِهِمْ لِرَبِّهِمْ مُلُوكاً وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ بِمَعْصِيَتِهِ الْمُلُوكَ عَبِيداً
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions, raising it, said,
‘The wife of the ruler became needy. It was said to her, ‘If only you would present to Yusuf-as’. She sat on the road. When he-as passed by, she said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Makes the slaves to be kings due to their obedience to their Lord-azwj, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj who Makes the kings to be slaves due to their disobeying Him-azwj’.
قَالَ مَنْ أَنْتِ قَالَتْ أَنَا زَلِيخَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا
He-as said: ‘Who are you?’ She said, ‘I am Zuleykha’. He-as married her’’.[115]
81- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا دَخَلَ يُوسُفُ ع عَلَى الْمَلِكِ يَعْنِي نُمْرُودَ قَالَ كَيْفَ أَنْتَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our By the chain to Al Sadouq, by his chain from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Fazal, from Yunus Ibn Yaqoub, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Yusuf-as entered to see the king’ – meaning Nimrod-la, he-la said, ‘How are you-as, O Ibrahim-as?’
قَالَ إِنِّي لَسْتُ بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ أَنَا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
He-as said: ‘I-as am not Ibrahim-as. I-as am Yusuf-as Bin Yaqoub-as Bin Is’haq-as Bin Ibrahim-as’.
قَالَ وَ هُوَ صَاحِبُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الَّذِي حَاجَّ إِبْراهِيمَ فِي رَبِّهِ
He-asws said: ‘And he-la is the counterpart of Ibrahim-as who argued with Ibrahim-as regarding his-as Lord-azwj’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ شَابّاً
He-asws said: ‘He-la (Nimrod-la) was a youth for four hundred years old’’.[116]
82- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْبَدٍ عَنِ الدِّهْقَانِ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: دَخَلَ يُوسُفُ ع السِّجْنَ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ مَكَثَ فِيهِ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ بَقِيَ بَعْدَ خُرُوجِهِ ثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً فَذَلِكَ مِائَةٌ وَ عَشْرُ سِنِينَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain from Al Sadouq, from his father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashary, from Musa Bin Ja’far, from Ibn Ma’bad, from Al Dahqan, from dorost, from Abu Khalid,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Yusuf-as entered the prison when he-as twelve years old, and remained in it for eighteen years, and remained after his-as exit for eighty years, so that is one hundred and ten years’’.[117]
83- كا، الكافي سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ الشَّامِيِّ مَوْلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْهُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا أَعْجَبَ إِلَى النَّاسِ مَنْ يَأْكُلُ الْجَشِبَ وَ يَلْبَسُ الْخَشِنَ وَ يَتَخَشَّعُ
‘Al Kafi’ – Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Abbas Bin Hilal Al Shamy,
‘A slave of Abu Al-Hassan-asws said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! What is astonishing to the people is the one who eats the dry food, and wears the coarse, and is humble’.
فَقَالَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ يُوسُفَ ع نَبِيٌّ وَ ابْنُ نَبِيٍّ كَانَ يَلْبَسُ أَقْبِيَةَ الدِّيبَاجِ مَزْرُورَةً بِالذَّهَبِ وَ يَجْلِسُ فِي مَجَالِسِ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَحْكُمُ فَلَمْ يَحْتَجِ النَّاسُ إِلَى لِبَاسِهِ وَ إِنَّمَا احْتَاجُوا إِلَى قِسْطِهِ
He-asws said: ‘But, do you not know that Yusuf-as, Prophet-as son-as of a Prophet-as, was wearing the collars of silk adorned with the gold, and he-as would sit in a gathering of the people of Pharaoh-la giving rulings, but the people were not need to his-as dresses, but rather they were needy to his-as justice’’.[118]
84- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْأَزْرَقِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَقِيَّةِ قَوْمِ عَادٍ قَدْ أَدْرَكَ فِرْعَوْنَ يُوسُفَ وَ كَانَ أَهْلُ ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ قَدْ وَلِعُوا بِالْعَادِيِّ يَرْمُونَهُ بِالْحِجَارَةِ وَ إِنَّهُ أَتَى فِرْعَوْنَ يُوسُفَ فَقَالَ أَجِرْنِي عَنِ النَّاسِ وَ أُحَدِّثَكَ بِأَعَاجِيبَ رَأَيْتُهَا وَ لَا أُحَدِّثَكَ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, by his chain to Ibn Awrama, from Yazeed Bin Is’haq, from Yahya Al Azraq, from a man,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘There was a man from the remainder of the people of Aad who had come across the Pharaoh-la of Yusuf-as, and he was a person of that time period who liked to pelt the Aadites with stones, and he came to the Pharaoh-la of Yusuf-as and said, ‘Inform me about the people, and I shall narrated to you with wonders I have seen and I will not narrate to you except with the truth’.
فَأَجَارَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ يُوسُفَ وَ مَنَعَهُ وَ جَالَسَهُ وَ حَدَّثَهُ فَوَقَعَ مِنْهُ كُلَّ مَوْقِعٍ وَ رَأَى مِنْهُ أَمْراً جَمِيلًا
The Pharaoh-la of Yusuf-as drew him closer and conferred on him and had him seated, and discussed with him events from him, all events, and saw from him a beautiful matter’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ لَمْ يَتَعَلَّقْ عَلَى يُوسُفَ بِكَذِبَةٍ وَ لَا عَلَى الْعَادِيِّ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِيُوسُفَ هَلْ تَعْلَمُ أَحَداً خَيْراً مِنْكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَبِي يَعْقُوبُ
He-asws said: ‘And Pharaoh-la did not attach any lie upon Yaqoub-as not upon the Aadite (person of Aad). Pharaoh-la said to Yusuf-as, Do you-as know of anyone better than you-as?’ He-as said: ‘Yes, my-as father-as Yaqoub-as’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ يَعْقُوبُ ع عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ حَيَّاهُ بِتَحِيَّةِ الْمُلُوكِ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَ قَرَّبَهُ وَ زَادَهُ إِكْرَاماً لِيُوسُفَ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِيَعْقُوبَ ع يَا شَيْخُ كَمْ أَتَى عَلَيْكَ قَالَ مِائَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ سَنَةً قَالَ الْعَادِيُّ كَذَبَ فَسَكَتَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ شَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ حِينَ كَذَّبَهُ
He-asws said: ‘When Yaqoub-as came to Pharaoh-la, he-la welcomed him-as with welcoming of the kings and honoured him-as, and drew him-as closer and increased him-as in honour to Yusuf-as. Pharaoh-la said to Yaqoub-as, ‘O sheykh! How much (time) has come upon you-as?’ He-as said: ‘One hundred and twenty years’. The Aadite said, ‘A lie!’ Yaqoub-as was silent, and that was grievous upon Pharaoh-la when he belied him-as.
فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِيَعْقُوبَ كَمْ أَتَى عَلَيْكَ قَالَ مِائَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ سَنَةً قَالَ الْعَادِيُّ كَذَبَ فَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ ع اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ كَذَبَ فَاطْرَحْ لِحْيَتَهُ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ
Pharaoh-la said to Yaqoub-as, ‘How much (time) has come upon you-as’. He-as said: ‘One hundred and twenty years’. The Aadite said, ‘A lie!’ Yaqoub-as said: ‘O Allah-azwj! If it was a lie, drop his beard upon his chest’. His beard fell off upon his chest.
فَسَقَطَتْ لِحْيَتُهُ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ فَهَالَ ذَلِكَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ قَالَ لِيَعْقُوبَ عَمَدْتَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ أَجَرْتُهُ فَدَعَوْتَ إِلَيْهِ أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَدْعُوَ إِلَهَكَ بِرَدِّهِ فَدَعَا لَهُ فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ الْعَادِيُّ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ هَذَا مَعَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ الرَّحْمَنِ فِي زَمَنِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا
That made Pharaoh-la turn, and he-la said to Yaqoub-as, ‘You-as deliberated to a man (due to) his conduct and supplicated to Him-azwj. I would love it if you-as could supplicate to your-as God for its return. He-as supplicated to Him-azwj and Allah-azwj Returned it to him. The Aady said, ‘I saw this with Ibrahim-as Friend of the Beneficent in such and such an era’.
قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ لَيْسَ أَنَا الَّذِي رَأَيْتَهُ إِنَّمَا رَأَيْتَ إِسْحَاقَ فَقَالَ لَهُ فَمَنْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ الرَّحْمَنِ ع فَقَالَ الْعَادِيُّ صَدَقْتَ ذَلِكَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُهُ فَقَالَ صَدَقَ وَ صَدَقْتُ
Yaqoub-as said: ‘I-as am not the one who showed it, but rather Is’haq-as showed it’. He said to him-as, ‘Who are you-as?’ He-as said: ‘I-as am Yaqoub-as Bin Is’haq-as Ibn Ibrahim-as, Friend of the Beneficent’. The Aadite said, ‘You-as ratified that which you-as showed’. He-as said: ‘True and ratified’’.[119]
85- ك، إكمال الدين أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ: عَاشَ يَعْقُوبُ مِائَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَ عَاشَ يُوسُفُ مِائَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً
‘Ikmal Al Deren’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Yusuf Al Tameemy,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Yaqoub-as lived for one hundred and twenty years, and Yusuf-as lived for one hundred and twenty years’’.[120]
86- يج، الخرائج و الجرائح رَوَى سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَمُّونٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ ع عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى إِنْ يَسْرِقْ فَقَدْ سَرَقَ أَخٌ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ السَّائِلُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُمَّ وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ
It is reported by Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Shamoun, from Dawood Bin Al Qasim Al Ja’fary who said,
‘Abu Muhammad-asws was asked about the Words of the Exalted: They (brothers) said, ‘If he has stolen, then a brother of his did indeed steal from before’. [12:77], and the questioner was a man from Qum and I was present.
فَقَالَ ع مَا سَرَقَ يُوسُفُ إِنَّمَا كَانَ لِيَعْقُوبَ مِنْطَقَةٌ وَرِثَهَا مِنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ كَانَتْ تِلْكَ الْمِنْطَقَةُ لَا يَسْرِقُهَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا اسْتُعْبِدَ فَكَانَ إِذَا سَرَقَهَا إِنْسَانٌ نَزَلَ جَبْرَائِيلُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ فَأَخَذَ مِنْهُ وَ أُخِذَ عَبْداً
He-asws said: ‘Yusuf-as had not stolen, but rather there was a belt for Yaqoub-as he-as had inherited from Ibrahim-as, that belt was such none could steal it except he would be enslaved. Whenever a human being stole it, Jibraeel-as would descend and inform him-as with that, so he-as would take it back from him and take him as a slave.
وَ إِنَّ الْمِنْطَقَةَ كَانَتْ عِنْدَ سَارَةَ بِنْتِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ كَانَتْ سُمِّيَتْ أُمَّ إِسْحَاقَ وَ إِنَّ سَارَةَ أَحَبَّتْ يُوسُفَ وَ أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَتَّخِذَهُ وَلَداً لَهَا وَ إِنَّهَا أَخَذَتِ الْمِنْطَقَةَ فَرَبَطَتْهَا عَلَى وَسْطِهِ ثُمَّ سَدَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ سِرْبَالَهُ وَ قَالَتْ لِيَعْقُوبَ إِنَّ الْمِنْطَقَةَ سُرِقَتْ
And the belt was with Sarah daughter of Is’haq-as son-as of Ibrahim-as, and she was named as mother of Is’haq-as, and that Sarah loved Yusuf-as and intended to take him-as as a child for her; and she took the belt and tied it upon his-as waist, then placed his trousers upon him-as and said to Yaqoub-as, ‘The belt is stolen’.
فَأَتَاهُ جَبْرَائِيلُ فَقَالَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ إِنَّ الْمِنْطَقَةَ مَعَ يُوسُفَ وَ لَمْ يُخْبِرْهُ بِخَبَرِ مَا صَنَعَتْ سَارَةُ لِمَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ فَقَامَ يَعْقُوبُ إِلَى يُوسُفَ فَفَتَّشَهُ وَ هُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ غُلَامٌ يَافِعٌ وَ اسْتَخْرَجَ الْمِنْطَقَةَ فَقَالَتْ سَارَةُ بِنْتُ إِسْحَاقَ مَتَى سَرَقَهَا يُوسُفُ فَأَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهِ
Jibraeel-as came to him-as and said: ‘O Yaqoub-as! The belt is with Yusuf-as, and did not inform him-as with the news of what Sarah had done due to what Allah-azwj Wanted. Yaqoub stood to Yusuf-as and investigated him-as, and on that day he-as was a boy attaining puberty, and the belt came out. Sarah daughter of Is’haq-as said, ‘Since Yusuf-as has stolen it, so I am more rightful with him-as’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا يَعْقُوبُ فَإِنَّهُ عَبْدُكِ عَلَى أَنْ لَا تَبِيعِيهِ وَ لَا تَهَبِيهِ قَالَتْ فَأَنَا أَقْبَلُهُ عَلَى أَنْ لَا تَأْخُذَهُ مِنِّي وَ أَنَا أُعْتِقُهُ السَّاعَةَ فَأَعْطَاهَا فَأَعْتَقَتْهُ فَلِذَلِكَ قَالَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ إِنْ يَسْرِقْ فَقَدْ سَرَقَ أَخٌ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ
Yaqoub-as said to her: ‘He-as is your slave upon a condition that you will neither sell him-as nor gift him-as’. She said, ‘I accept it upon the condition that you-as will not take him-as from me and I shall free him-as this very moment’. He-as gave him-as to her, and she freed him-as. Therefore, due to that, the brothers of Yusuf-as said: ‘‘If he has stolen, then a brother of his did indeed steal from before’. [12:77]’’.
قَالَ أَبُو هَاشِمٍ فَجَعَلْتُ أُجِيلُ هَذَا فِي نَفْسِي أُفَكِّرُ وَ أَتَعَجَّبُ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ مَعَ قُرْبِ يَعْقُوبَ مِنْ يُوسُفَ وَ حُزْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى ابْيَضَّتْ عَيْناهُ مِنَ الْحُزْنِ وَ هُوَ كَظِيمٌ وَ الْمَسَافَةُ قَرِيبَةٌ
Abu Hashim said, ‘I went on to consider this within myself, thinking, and I was astounded from this matter with the nearness of Yaqoub-as from Yusuf-as and grief of Yaqoub-as upon him-as to the extent that his-as eyes were white out of grief, and he-as was anguished and the closeness of the distance’.
فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا هَاشِمٍ نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِمَّا جَرَى فِي نَفْسِكَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَوْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَرْفَعَ السَّنَامَ الْأَعْلَى بَيْنَ يَعْقُوبَ وَ يُوسُفَ حَتَّى كَانَا يَتَرَاءَانِ فَعَلَ وَ لَكِنْ لَهُ أَجَلٌ هُوَ بَالِغُهُ وَ مَعْلُومٌ يَنْتَهِي إِلَيْهِ مَا كَانَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَالْخِيَارُ مِنَ اللَّهِ لِأَوْلِيَائِهِ
Abu Muhammad-asws turned towards me and said: ‘O Abu Hashim! We-asws seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from what has flowed within yourself from that, for if Allah-azwj so Desired, would have Raised the high hills between Yaqoub-as and Yusuf-as until they-as would have seen each other, would have Done so. But for Him-azwj there was a term it had to reach and a known (time) ending up to it whatever was from that. The Choice from Allah-azwj is for His-azwj friends’’.[121]
87- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ كُلُّ الطَّعامِ كانَ حِلًّا لِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ إِلَّا ما حَرَّمَ إِسْرائِيلُ عَلى نَفْسِهِ قَالَ إِنَّ إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَ إِذَا أَكَلَ لُحُومَ الْإِبِلِ هَيَّجَ عَلَيْهِ وَجَعَ الْخَاصِرَةِ فَحَرَّمَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ لَحْمَ الْإِبِلِ وَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تُنَزَّلَ التَّوْرَاةُ فَلَمَّا أُنْزِلَتِ التَّوْرَاةُ لَمْ يُحَرِّمْهُ وَ لَمْ يَأْكُلْهُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abdullah Bin Abu Yafour who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: All food was Permissible for the Children of Israel except that which Israel had forbidden upon itself [3:93]. He-asws said: ‘When the Israelites used to eat from the flesh of the camel, it caused them pain in their lower back. So, they forbid upon themselves the flesh of the camel. And that was before the Revelation of the Torah. But when the Torah was Revealed, they neither forbid it nor did they eat it’’.[122]
88- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ لَتُنَبِّئَنَّهُمْ بِأَمْرِهِمْ هذا وَ هُمْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ قَالَ كَانَ ابْنَ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ
From Zayd Al Shaham,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: “You will be informing them of this matter of their while they would not be realising [12:15]. He-asws said: ‘He-as was seven years old’’.[123]
89- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أُوتِيَ بِقَمِيصِ يُوسُفَ إِلَى يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ لَقَدْ كَانَ ذِئْباً رَفِيقاً حِينَ لَمْ يَشُقَّ الْقَمِيصَ قَالَ وَ كَانَ بِهِ نَضْحٌ مِنْ دَمٍ
From Abu Jameela, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When they came with the shirt of Yusuf-as to Yaqoub-as, he-as said: ‘O Allah-azwj! The wolf would be a friend when he did not tear the shirt’. It had been sprinkled from the blood’’.[124]
90- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ شَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ دَراهِمَ مَعْدُودَةٍ قَالَ كَانَتْ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَماً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Al Hassan, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And they sold him cheaply for a number of Dirhams, [12:20]. He-asws said: ‘It was twenty Dirhams’’.[125]
91- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع مِثْلَهُ وَ زَادَ فِيهِ الْبَخْسُ النَّقْصُ وَ هِيَ قِيمَةُ كَلْبِ الصَّيْدِ إِذَا قُتِلَ كَانَتْ دِيَتُهُ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَماً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws – similar to it, and there is an increase in it: ‘The ‘cheaply’, is the reduction, and it is a price of a hunting dog when it is killed, its wergild would be twenty Dirhams’’.[126]
92- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: قَدْ كَانَ يُوسُفُ بَيْنَ أَبَوَيْهِ مُكَرَّماً ثُمَّ صَارَ عَبْداً حَتَّى بِيعَ بِأَخَسِّ وَ أَوْكَسِ الثَّمَنِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَمْنَعِ اللَّهُ أَنْ بَلَغَ بِهِ حَتَّى صَارَ مَلِكاً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abdullah Bin Suleyman,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Yusuf-as was honourable between his-as parent, then became a slave until he-as was sold cheaply and reduced price, then Allah-azwj did not Prevent to reach with him-as until he-as became a king’’.[127]
93- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ حُصَيْنٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ شَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ دَراهِمَ مَعْدُودَةٍ قَالَ كَانَتِ الدَّرَاهِمُ ثَمَانِيَةَ دِرْهَماً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Haseyn,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: And they sold him cheaply for a number of Dirhams, [12:20]. He-asws said: ‘The Dirhams were eight dirhams’’.[128]
94- وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: كَانَتِ الدَّرَاهِمُ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَماً وَ هِيَ قِيمَةُ كَلْبِ الصَّيْدِ إِذَا قُتِلَ وَ الْبَخْسُ النَّقْصُ
And by this chain,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘The dirhams were twenty, and it is a price of the hunting down when it is killed, and the ‘cheaply [12:20], is a reference to the reduction’’.[129]
95- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا هَمَّتْ بِهِ وَ هَمَّ بِهَا قَالَتْ كَمَا أَنْتَ قَالَ وَ لِمَ قَالَتْ حَتَّى أُغَطِّيَ وَجْهَ الصَّنَمِ لَا يَرَانَا فَذَكَرَ اللَّهَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَرَاهُ فَفَرَّ مِنْهَا
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From one of our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘She thought of him-as and he-as thought of her, she said, ‘Stay as you are!’ He-as said: ‘And why?’ She said, ‘Until I cover the face of the idol so it does not see us’. Then he-as remembered Allah-azwj during that, and he-as knew that Allah-azwj is Seeing him-as, so he-as fled from her’’.[130]
96- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ يُوسُفَ لَمَّا حَلَّ سَرَاوِيلَهُ رَأَى مِثَالَ يَعْقُوبَ عَاضّاً عَلَى إِصْبَعِهِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ لَهُ يُوسُفُ قَالَ فَهَرَبَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Muhammad bin Qays,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘When Yusuf-as loosened his-as trouser (for Zuleykha), he-as saw a resemblance of Yaqoub-as biting upon his-as finger and he-as was saying: ‘Yusuf-as!’ He-as (Yusuf-as) fled’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَكِنِّي وَ اللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ عَوْرَةَ أَبِي قَطُّ وَ لَا رَأَى أَبِي عَوْرَةَ جَدِّي قَطُّ وَ لَا رَأَى جَدِّي عَوْرَةَ أَبِيهِ قَطُّ
Then Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘But, by Allah-azwj, I-asws have not seen the private part of my-asws father-asws at all, nor did my-asws father-asws see the private part of my-asws grandfather-asws at all, nor did my-asws grandfather-asws see the private part of his-asws father-asws at all’.
قَالَ وَ هُوَ عَاضٌّ عَلَى إِصْبَعِهِ فَوَثَبَ فَخَرَجَ الْمَاءُ مِنْ إِبْهَامِ رِجْلِهِ
He-asws said: ‘And he-as (Yaqoub-as was biting upon his-as finger, and he-as (Yusuf-as) leapt, and the water came out from the toe of his-as leg’’.[131] (struck off as being disrespectful)
97- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: أَيَّ شَيْءٍ يَقُولُ النَّاسُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ لَوْ لا أَنْ رَأى بُرْهانَ رَبِّهِ قُلْتُ يَقُولُونَ رَأَى يَعْقُوبَ عَاضّاً عَلَى إِصْبَعِهِ فَقَالَ لَا لَيْسَ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ فَقُلْتُ فَأَيَّ شَيْءٍ رَأَى
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From one of our companions,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Which thing are the people saying regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: had he not seen the convincing Proof of his Lord [12:24]?’ I said, ‘They are saying, ‘He-as saw Yaqoub-as biting on his-as finger’. He-asws said: ‘No! It is not as they are saying it to be’. I said, ‘Which thing did he-as see?’
قَالَ لَمَّا هَمَّتِ بِهِ وَ هَمَّ بِهَا قَامَتْ إِلَى صَنَمٍ مَعَهَا فِي الْبَيْتِ فَأَلْقَتْ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْباً فَقَالَ لَهَا يُوسُفُ مَا صَنَعْتِ قَالَتْ طَرَحْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْباً أَسْتَحِي أَنْ يَرَانَا قَالَ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ فَأَنْتِ تَسْتَحِينَ مِنْ صَنَمِكِ وَ هُوَ لَا يَسْمَعُ وَ لَا يُبْصِرُ وَ لَا أَسْتَحِي أَنَا مِنْ رَبِّي
He-asws said: ‘When she desired him-as, she was standing near the idol which was with her in the house, so she cast a piece of cloth to cover it’. Yusuf-as said to her: ‘What are you doing?’ She said, ‘I am placing a cloth over it as I am shy that it would see us’. Yusuf-as said to her: ‘You are feeling embarrassed from your idol and it neither hears nor sees, and I-as should not be embarrassed from my-as Lord-azwj?’’.[132]
98- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ يُوسُفَ خَطَبَ امْرَأَةً جَمِيلَةً كَانَتْ فِي زَمَانِهِ فَرَدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّ عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ إِيَّايَ يَطْلُبُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – Muhammad Bin Marwan, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Yusuf-as proposed a beautiful woman who was during his-as time. She responded to him-as, ‘A slave of the king seeks me!?’
قَالَ فَطَلَبَهَا إِلَى أَبِيهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُوهَا إِنَّ الْأَمْرَ أَمْرُهَا
He-as sought her to her father. Her father said, ‘The matter is her matter’.
قَالَ فَطَلَبَهَا إِلَى رَبِّهِ وَ بَكَى فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنِّي قَدْ زَوَّجْتُكَهَا ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا أَنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَزُورَكُمْ فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ تَعَالَ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا أَضَاءَ الْبَيْتُ لِنُورِهِ فَقَالَتْ مَا هَذَا إِلَّا مَلَكٌ كَرِيمٌ
He-asws said: ‘He-as sought her to his Lord-azwj and cried. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “I-azwj Have Married her to you-as!” Then he-as sent a message to her: ‘I-as want to visit you’. She sent a message to him-as, ‘Come’. When he-as came up to her, the house illuminated from his-as radiance. She said, ‘This one is not except an honourable Angel!’
فَاسْتَسْقَى فَقَامَتْ إِلَى الطَّاسِ لِتَسْقِيَهُ فَجَعَلَتْ تَتَنَاوَلُ الطَّاسَ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَتَنَاوَلَهُ فَاهَا فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ لَهَا انْتَظِرِي وَ لَا تَعْجَلِي قَالَ فَتَزَوَّجَهَا
He-as asked to be quenched. She stood up to the bowl to quench him-as and went to take the bowl from his-as hand, and gave him-as her mouth. He-as went on to say to her: ‘Wait, and do not be hasty’. He-as married her’’.[133]
99- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: جَاءَ جَبْرَئِيلُ إِلَى يُوسُفَ فِي السِّجْنِ قَالَ قُلْ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ فَرِيضَةٍ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ لِي فَرَجاً وَ مَخْرَجاً وَ ارْزُقْنِي مِنْ حَيْثُ أَحْتَسِبُ وَ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا أَحْتَسِبُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Jibraeel-as came in the prison (and) said: ‘Say at the end of every Obligatory Salat: ‘O Allah-azwj! Make relief to be for me-asws and a way out and Grace me-as from where I reckon (anticipate) and from where I do not reckon (anticipate)’’.[134]
100- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ طِرْبَالٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أَمَرَ الْمَلِكُ فَحُبِسَ يُوسُفُ فِي السِّجْنِ أَلْهَمَهُ اللَّهُ عِلْمَ تَأْوِيلِ الرُّؤْيَا فَكَانَ يُعَبِّرُ لِأَهْلِ السِّجْنِ رُؤْيَاهُمْ وَ إِنَّ فَتَيَيْنِ أُدْخِلَا مَعَهُ السِّجْنَ يَوْمَ حَبْسِهِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Taryaal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said:’ When the king ordered with imprisoning Yusuf-as in the prison, Allah-azwj Inspired him-saww the knowledge of the interpretation of the dreams. He-as used to interpret for the people of the prison of their dreams, and two youths were entered into the prison along with him-as on the day he-as was imprisoned.
فَلَمَّا بَاتَا أَصْبَحَا فَقَالا لَهُ إِنَّا رَأَيْنَا رُؤْيَا فَعَبِّرْهَا لَنَا فَقَالَ وَ مَا رَأَيْتُمَا فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا إِنِّي أَرانِي أَحْمِلُ فَوْقَ رَأْسِي خُبْزاً تَأْكُلُ الطَّيْرُ مِنْهُ وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُ رَأَيْتُ أَنِّي أَسْقِي الْمَلِكَ خَمْراً فَفَسَّرَ لَهُمَا رُؤْيَاهُمَا عَلَى مَا فِي الْكِتَابِ ثُمَ قالَ لِلَّذِي ظَنَّ أَنَّهُ ناجٍ مِنْهُمَا اذْكُرْنِي عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ
When both of them had spent the night, in the morning they said to him, ‘We saw a dream, so interpret it for us’. He-as said: ‘And what did you see?’ One of them said, ‘I saw myself (in a dream) carrying bread on my head, the birds ate from it. [12:36]. And the other one said, ‘I saw myself quenching the king with wine’. He-as interpreted their dreams for them upon what is in the Book. Then he-as said to the one who would be rescued from the two: ‘‘Mention me to your master’ [12:42].
قَالَ وَ لَمْ يَفْزَعْ يُوسُفُ فِي حَالِهِ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَيَدْعُوَهُ فَلِذَلِكَ قَالَ اللَّهُ فَأَنْساهُ الشَّيْطانُ ذِكْرَ رَبِّهِ فَلَبِثَ فِي السِّجْنِ بِضْعَ سِنِينَ
He-asws said:’ And Yusuf-as, in his-as situation, did not panic to Allah-azwj and supplicate to Him-azwj, therefore due to that Allah-azwj Said: But the Satan made him forget mentioning to his master, and he remained in the prison for some years [12:42].
قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى يُوسُفَ فِي سَاعَتِهِ تِلْكَ يَا يُوسُفُ مَنْ أَرَاكَ الرُّؤْيَا الَّتِي رَأَيْتَهَا قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّي
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to Yusuf-as during that moment of his-as: “O Yusuf-as! Who Showed you-as the dream which you-as saw?” He-as said: ‘You-azwj, my-as Lord-azwj’. He-azwj Said: “Who Made you-as beloved to your-as father-as?” He-as said: ‘You-azwj, my-as Lord-azwj’.
قَالَ فَمَنْ حَبَّبَكَ إِلَى أَبِيكَ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّي قَالَ فَمَنْ وَجَّهَ السَّيَّارَةَ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّي قَالَ فَمَنْ عَلَّمَكَ الدُّعَاءَ الَّذِي دَعَوْتَ بِهِ حَتَّى جَعَلَ لَكَ مِنَ الْجُبِّ فَرَجاً قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّي
He-asws said: ‘Who Diverted the travellers towards you-as?” He-as said: ‘You-azwj, my-as Lord-azwj’. He-azwj Said: ‘Who Taught you-as the supplication which you-as supplicated with until relief was Made to be for you-as from the well?” He-as said: ‘You-azwj, my-as Lord-azwj’.
قَالَ فَمَنْ جَعَلَ لَكَ مِنْ كَيْدِ المَرْأَةِ مَخْرَجاً قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّي قَالَ فَمَنْ أَنْطَقَ لِسَانَ الصَّبِيِّ بِعُذْرِكَ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّي قَالَ فَمَنْ صَرَفَ عَنْكَ كَيْدَ امْرَأَةِ الْعَزِيزِ وَ النِّسْوَةِ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّي قَالَ فَمَنْ أَلْهَمَكَ تَأْوِيلَ الرُّؤْيَا قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّي
He-azwj Said: “Who Made a way out to be for you-as from the plot of the woman?” He-as said: ‘You-azwj, my-as Lord-azwj’. He-azwj Said: “Who Caused the tongue of the child to speak with your-as excuse?” He-as said: ‘You-azwj, my-as Lord-azwj’. He-saww Said: “Who Turned away from you the plot of the wife of the ruler and the women?” He-as said: ‘You-azwj, my-as Lord-azwj’. He-azwj Said: ‘Who Inspired you-as the interpretation of the dreams?” He-as said: ‘You-azwj, my-as Lord-azwj’.
قَالَ فَكَيْفَ اسْتَغَثْتَ بِغَيْرِي وَ لَمْ تَسْتَغِثْ بِي وَ تَسْأَلْنِي أَنْ أُخْرِجَكَ مِنَ السِّجْنِ وَ اسْتَغَثْتَ وَ أَمَّلْتَ عَبْداً مِنْ عِبَادِي لِيَذْكُرَكَ إِلَى مَخْلُوقٍ مِنْ خَلْقِي فِي قَبْضَتِي وَ لَمْ تَفْزَعْ إِلَيَّ الْبَثْ فِي السِّجْنِ بِذَنْبِكَ بِضْعَ سِنِينَ بِإِرْسَالِكَ عَبْداً إِلَى عَبْدٍ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ فَمَكَثَ فِي السِّجْنِ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً
He-azwj Said: “Then how come you-as sought help of someone else and did not seek help with Me-azwj and asked Me-azwj to get you out from the prison, and you-as sought help told a servant from My-azwj servant to mention you-as to a creature from My-azwj creatures in My-azwj Grip, and did not panic to Me-azwj? Remain in the prison due to your-as sin for a few years, due to your-as sending a servant to a servant!”[135]
101 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قالَ الْآخَرُ إِنِّي أَرانِي أَحْمِلُ فَوْقَ رَأْسِي خُبْزاً قَالَ أَحْمِلُ فَوْقَ رَأْسِي جَفْنَةً فِيهَا خُبْزٌ تَأْكُلُ الطَّيْرُ مِنْهُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Abu Yafour,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘And the other said, ‘I saw myself (in a dream) carrying bread on my head, [12:36]. He said, ‘I was carrying a basked wherein was bread, the birds ate from it [12:36]’’.[136]
102 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ لِيُوسُفَ أَ لَسْتُ الَّذِي حَبَّبْتُكَ إِلَى أَبِيكَ وَ فَضَّلْتُكَ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِالْحُسْنِ أَ وَ لَسْتُ الَّذِي سُقْتُ إِلَيْكَ السَّيَّارَةَ وَ أَنْقَذْتُكَ وَ أَخْرَجْتُكَ مِنَ الْجُبِّ أَ وَ لَسْتُ الَّذِي صَرَفْتُ عَنْكَ كَيْدَ النِّسْوَةِ فَمَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَرْفَعَ رَغْبَتَكَ وَ تَدْعُوَ مَخْلُوقاً دُونِي فَالْبَثْ لِمَا قُلْتَ فِي السِّجْنِ بِضْعَ سِنِينَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Yaqoub Bin Shuayb,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Said to Yusuf-as: “Wasn’t I-azwj the One-azwj Who Caused you-as to be beloved to your-as father-as, and Merited you-as over the people with the Favour? Or wasn’t I-azwj the One-azwj Who Caused the travellers to come to you-as and saved you-as and extracted you-as from the well? Or wasn’t I-azwj the One-azwj Who Turned away from you-as the plot of the women? What carried you-as upon raising your-as desire and called on to a created being besides Me-azwj!? Remain, due to what you-as said, in the prison for some years!”’.[137]
103 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَالَ لِلْفَتَى اذْكُرْنِي عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَضَرَبَهُ بِرِجْلِهِ حَتَّى كُشِطَ لَهُ عَنِ الْأَرْضِ السَّابِعَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا يُوسُفُ انْظُرْ مَا ذَا تَرَى قَالَ أَرَى حَجَراً صَغِيراً فَفَلَقَ الْحَجَرَ فَقَالَ مَا ذَا تَرَى قَالَ أَرَى دُودَةً صَغِيرَةً قَالَ فَمَنْ رَازِقُهَا قَالَ اللَّهُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From him-asws (6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘When (Yusuf-as said to the youth: ‘Mention me to your master’ [12:42], Jibraeel-as came to him-as, and he-as (Jibraeel) struck by his-as leg (on the ground) and (as a result) the seventh layer underneath the earth was revealed, and said to him-as: ‘O Yusuf-as! What do you-as see?’ He-as said: ‘I-as see a small stone’. He-as split the stone and said: ‘What do you-as see?’ He-as said: ‘I-as see a small insect’. He-as said: ‘Who Sustains it?’ He-as said: ‘Allah-azwj’.
قَالَ فَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقُولُ لَمْ أَنْسَ هَذِهِ الدُّودَةَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْحَجَرِ فِي قَعْرِ الْأَرْضِ السَّابِعَةِ أَ ظَنَنْتَ أَنِّي أَنْسَاكَ حَتَّى تَقُولَ لِلْفَتَى اذْكُرْنِي عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ لَتَلْبَثَنَّ فِي السِّجْنِ بِمَقَالَتِكَ هَذِهِ بِضْعَ سِنِينَ
He (Jibraeel-as) said: ‘Your-as Lord-azwj is Saying: “I-azwj did not Forget this insect, in that stone, in the bottom of the seventh firmament. Did you-as think that I-azwj would Forget you-as, until you-as ended up saying to the youth ‘Mention me to your master’ [12:42]? Therefore, stay in the prison due to your-as speech, for these some years”.
قَالَ فَبَكَى يُوسُفُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى بَكَى لِبُكَائِهِ الْحِيطَانُ قَالَ فَتَأَذَّى بِهِ أَهْلُ السِّجْنِ فَصَالَحَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَبْكِيَ يَوْماً وَ يَسْكُتَ يَوْماً وَ كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي يَسْكُتُ أَسْوَأَ حَالًا
He-asws said: ‘He-as cried at that, to the extent the walls cried to his-as wailing. That annoyed the (other) inmates of the prison, and they came to an agreement with him-as upon that, that he-as would cry for one day, and be silent during the next day. During the day in which he-as was supposed to be silent, he-as was in a worse state’’.[138]
104 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا بَكَى أَحَدٌ بُكَاءَ ثَلَاثَةٍ آدَمَ وَ يُوسُفَ وَ دَاوُدَ فَقُلْتُ مَا بَلَغَ مِنْ بُكَائِهِمْ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘No one has cried the crying of three – Adam-as, and Yusuf-as and Dawood-as’. I said, ‘What was reached from their crying?’
قَالَ أَمَّا آدَمُ فَبَكَى حِينَ أُخْرِجَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ كَانَ رَأْسُهُ فِي بَابٍ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ السَّمَاءِ فَبَكَى حَتَّى تَأَذَّى بِهِ أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ فَشَكَوْا ذَلِكَ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَحَطَّ مِنْ قَامَتِهِ وَ أَمَّا دَاوُدُ فَإِنَّهُ بَكَى حَتَّى هَاجَ الْعُشْبُ مِنْ دُمُوعِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَيَزْفِرُ الزَّفْرَةَ فَيُحْرِقُ مَا نَبَتَ مِنْ دُمُوعِهِ
He-asws said: ‘As for Adam-as, he-as cried when he-as exited from the Paradise, and his-as head was in a gate from the gateways of the sky. He-as cried until the people of the skies were hurt by it and they complained of that to Allah-azwj, and he-as fell from his-as place; and as for Dawood-as, he-as cried until the grass sprouted from his-as tears, and when he-as exhaled the exhalation, it burnt whatever had grown from his-as tears.
وَ أَمَّا يُوسُفُ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَبْكِي عَلَى أَبِيهِ يَعْقُوبَ وَ هُوَ فِي السِّجْنِ فَتَأَذَّى بِهِ أَهْلُ السِّجْنِ فَصَالَحَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَبْكِيَ يَوْماً وَ يَسْكُتَ يَوْماً
And as for Yusuf-as, he-as cried upon his-as father-as Yaqoub-as while he-as was in the prison, and the people of the prison were hurt by it, and he-as reconciled with them upon (a stipulation) that he-as would cry one day and be silent one day’’.[139]
105 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَلَبِثَ فِي السِّجْنِ بِضْعَ سِنِينَ قَالَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, raising it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said regarding the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: and he remained in the prison for some years [12:42]. He-asws said: ‘Seven years’’.[140]
106 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْهُمَا قَالا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: لَوْ كُنْتُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ يُوسُفَ حِينَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَلِكُ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رُؤْيَاهُ مَا حَدَّثْتُهُ حَتَّى أَشْتَرِطَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُخْرِجَنِي مِنَ السِّجْنِ وَ عَجِبْتُ لِصَبْرِهِ عَنْ شَأْنِ امْرَأَةِ الْمَلِكِ حَتَّى أَظْهَرَ اللَّهُ عُذْرَهُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Aban, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From both of them (5th & 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘If only you were at the status of Yusuf-as when the king sent a message to him-as about his dream what would be happening to him, until he-as stipulated upon him: ‘Exit me-as from the prison’, and I-saww marvel at his-as patience about the affair of the wife of the ruler until Allah-azwj Manifested his-as excuse’’.[141]
107 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقْرَأُ سَبْعِ سَنَابِلَ خُضْرٍ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Abu Yafour who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws recite it as: Seven green corn [12:46]’’.[142]
108 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ سَبَقَ يُوسُفَ الْغَلَاءُ الَّذِي أَصَابَ النَّاسَ وَ لَمْ يَتَمَنَّ الْغَلَاءَ لِأَحَدٍ قَطُّ قَالَ فَأَتَاهُ التُّجَّارُ فَقَالُوا بِعْنَا فَقَالَ اشْتَرُوا فَقَالُوا نَأْخُذُ كَذَا بِكَذَا قَالَ خُذُوا وَ أَمَرَ فَكَالُوهُمْ فَحَمَلُوا وَ مَضَوْا حَتَّى دَخَلُوا الْمَدِينَةَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Hafs Bin Gayas,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The years (times) of Yusuf-as and the high prices (inflation) which hit the people, and he-as did not wish for the high prices for anyone at all, but traders came to him-as and they said, ‘Sell to us’. He-as said: ‘Buy’. They said, ‘We will take such and such (goods) for such and such (price)’. He-as said: ‘Take’, and he-as ordered for these to be weight for them and they carried it and went away, until they entered the city.
فلقاهم [فَلَقِيَهُمْ] قَوْمٌ تُجَّارٌ فَقَالُوا لَهُمْ كَيْفَ أَخَذْتُمْ قَالُوا كَذَا بِكَذَا وَ أَضْعَفُوا الثَّمَنَ
Then a group of traders met them and said to them, ‘How did you take (this goods)?’ They said, ‘Such and such (goods) for such and such (price)’, and they increased the price’.
قَالَ وَ قَدِمُوا أُولَئِكَ عَلَى يُوسُفَ فَقَالُوا بِعْنَا فَقَالَ اشْتَرُوا كَيْفَ تَأْخُذُونَ قَالُوا بِعْنَا كَمَا بِعْتَ كَذَا بِكَذَا فَقَالَ مَا هُوَ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ وَ لَكِنْ خُذُوا فَأَخَذُوا ثُمَّ مَضَوْا حَتَّى دَخَلُوا الْمَدِينَةَ
He-asws said: ‘So they proceeded to Yusuf-as and they said, ‘Sell to us’. He-as said: ‘Buy. How would you be taking?’ They said, ‘Sell to us just as you-as sold, such and such (goods) for such and such (price)’. He-as said: ‘It is not as you are saying, but take’. They took, then went away until they entered the city.
فلقاهم [فَلَقِيَهُمْ] آخَرُونَ فَقَالُوا كَيْفَ أَخَذْتُمْ فَقَالُوا كَذَا بِكَذَا وَ أَضْعَفُوا الثَّمَنَ
Then, others met them, and they said, ‘How did you take?’ They said, ‘Such and such (goods) for such and such (price)’, and they increased the price’’.
قَالَ فَعَظَّمَ النَّاسُ ذَلِكَ الْغَلَاءَ وَ قَالُوا اذْهَبُوا بِنَا حَتَّى نَشْتَرِيَ قَالَ فَذَهَبُوا إِلَى يُوسُفَ فَقَالُوا بِعْنَا فَقَالَ اشْتَرُوا فَقَالُوا بِعْنَا كَمَا بِعْتَ فَقَالَ وَ كَيْفَ بِعْتُ قَالُوا كَذَا بِكَذَا فَقَالَ مَا هُوَ كَذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنْ خُذُوا
He-asws said: ‘The high price was grievous upon the people and they said, ‘Come with us until we buy (for ourselves)’. They went to Yusuf-as and they said, ‘Sell to us’. He-as said: ‘Buy’. They said, ‘Sell to us just as you-as sold’. He-as said: ‘And how did I-as sell?’ They said, ‘Such and such (goods) for such and such (price)’. He-as said: ‘It was not like that, but take’.
قَالَ فَأَخَذُوا وَ رَجَعُوا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَأَخْبَرُوا النَّاسَ فَقَالُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا حَتَّى نَكْذِبَ فِي الرُّخْصِ كَمَا كَذَبْنَا فِي الْغَلَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘They took and returned to the city, and informed the people, and they said in what was between them, ‘Come, until we lie regarding the less prices just as we lied regarding the high price’’.
قَالَ فَذَهَبُوا إِلَى يُوسُفَ فَقَالُوا لَهُ بِعْنَا فَقَالَ اشْتَرُوا فَقَالُوا بِعْنَا كَمَا بِعْتَ قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ بِعْتُ قَالُوا كَذَا بِكَذَا بِالْحَطِّ مِنَ السِّعْرِ الْأَوَّلِ فَقَالَ مَا هُوَ هَكَذَا وَ لَكِنْ خُذُوا
He-asws said: ‘So they went to Yusuf-as and they said to him-as, ‘Sell to us’. He-as said: ‘Buy’. They said, ‘Sell to us just as you sold’. He-as said: ‘And how did I-as sell?’ They said, ‘Such and such (goods) for such and such (price)’, with the discount from the price. He-as said: ‘It was not like this, but take’’.
قَالَ فَأَخَذُوا وَ ذَهَبُوا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فلقاهم [فَلَقِيَهُمُ] النَّاسُ فَسَأَلُوهُمْ بِكَمِ اشْتَرَيْتُمْ فَقَالُوا كَذَا بِكَذَا بِنِصْفِ الْحَطِّ الْأَوَّلِ فَقَالَ الْآخَرُونَ اذْهَبُوا بِنَا حَتَّى نَشْتَرِيَ
He-asws said: ‘They took and they went to the city. The people met them and they asked them, ‘For how much did you buy?’ They said, ‘Such and such (goods) for such and such (price)’, with half the first discount. The others said, ‘Come with us until we buy (for ourselves)’.
فَذَهَبُوا إِلَى يُوسُفَ فَقَالُوا بِعْنَا فَقَالَ اشْتَرُوا فَقَالُوا بِعْنَا كَمَا بِعْتَ فَقَالَ وَ كَيْفَ بِعْتُ قَالُوا بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا بِالْحَطِّ مِنَ النِّصْفِ فَقَالَ مَا هُوَ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ وَ لَكِنْ خُذُوا
They went to Yusuf-as and they said, ‘Sell to us’. He-as said: ‘Buy’. They said, ‘Sell to us just as you-as sold’. He-as said: ‘And how did I-as sell?’ They said, ‘Such and such (goods) for such and such (Price) – with the discount from the half. He-as said: ‘It is not as you are saying, but take’.
فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا يَتَكَاذَبُونَ حَتَّى رَجَعَ السِّعْرُ إِلَى الْأَمْرِ الْأَوَّلِ كَمَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ
Thus, they did not cease lying until the price returned to what it was at first, just as Allah-azwj the Exalted Wanted’’.[143]
109 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَامٌ فِيهِ يُغَاثُ النَّاسُ وَ فِيهِ يُعْصَرُونَ بِضَمِّ الْيَاءِ يُمْطَرُونَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَهُ وَ أَنْزَلْنا مِنَ الْمُعْصِراتِ ماءً ثَجَّاجاً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Muhammad Bin Al Sayrafi, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: a year in which it would rain for the people and during it they would be pressing’ [12:49], by combining the (letter) ‘Ya’ – they would be rained upon’. Then he-asws said: ‘Have you not heard His-azwj Words: And We Send (Pressing) down from the clouds abundant water [78:14]’’.[144]
110 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَامٌ فِيهِ يُغَاثُ النَّاسُ وَ فِيهِ يُعْصَرُونَ مَضْمُومَةٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ أَنْزَلْنا مِنَ الْمُعْصِراتِ ماءً ثَجَّاجاً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ali Bin Ma’mar, from his father,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: a year in which it would rain for the people and during it they would be pressing’ [12:49] – combined’. Then he-asws said: And We Send (Pressing) down from the clouds abundant water [78:14]’’.[145]
111 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ ارْجِعْ إِلى رَبِّكَ فَسْئَلْهُ ما بالُ النِّسْوَةِ قَالَ يَعْنِي الْعَزِيزَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Sama’at who said,
‘I asked him-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj: ‘Return to your master and ask him, ‘What is the matter with the women [12:50]. He-asws said: ‘Meaning the ruler’’.[146]
112 شي، تفسير العياشي قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُزَكِّيَ الرَّجُلُ نَفْسَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِذَا اضْطُرَّ إِلَيْهِ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَ يُوسُفَ اجْعَلْنِي عَلى خَزائِنِ الْأَرْضِ إِنِّي حَفِيظٌ عَلِيمٌ وَ قَوْلَ الْعَبْدِ الصَّالِحِ أَنَا لَكُمْ ناصِحٌ أَمِينٌ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – Suleyman said, ‘Sufyan said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What is allowed for the man to praise himself?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, when he is desperate to it. But, have you not heard the words of Yusuf-as: ‘Make me (in charge) upon the treasures of the land, I am a knowledgeable protector [12:55]?’, and the words of the righteous servant (Prophet Hud-as): and I am a trustworthy adviser to you all [7:68]?’’.[147]
113 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: مَلَكَ يُوسُفُ مِصْرَ وَ بَرَارِيَهَا لَمْ يُجَاوِزْهَا إِلَى غَيْرِهَا
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Al Sumaly,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Yusuf-as ruled Egypt and its prairies, not exceeding to elsewhere’’.[148]
114 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يُحَدِّثُ قَالَ: لَمَّا فَقَدَ يَعْقُوبُ يُوسُفَ اشْتَدَّ حُزْنُهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ بُكَاؤُهُ حَتَّى ابْيَضَّتْ عَيْناهُ مِنَ الْحُزْنِ وَ احْتَاجَ حَاجَةً شَدِيدَةً وَ تَغَيَّرَتْ حَالُهُ قَالَ وَ كَانَ يَمْتَارُ الْقَمْحَ مِنْ مِصْرَ لِعِيَالِهِ فِي السَّنَةِ مَرَّتَيْنِ لِلشِّتَاءِ وَ الصَّيْفِ وَ إِنَّهُ بَعَثَ عِدَّةً مِنْ وُلْدِهِ بِبِضَاعَةٍ يَسِيرَةٍ إِلَى مِصْرَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws narrate: ‘When Yaqoub-as lost Yusuf-as, it intensified his-as grief for him-as, and he-as cried over him-as to the extent that his eyes turned white from the grief, and want in great need in order to change his-as condition. And he-as used to get the wheat from Egypt for his-as family, twice a year, in the winter and the summer, and he-as sent a number of his-as sons with a light provision to travel to Egypt.
They went out with some of their comrades. When they came up to Yusuf-as, and that was after the king of Egypt had made him-as to be the ruler (over the treasury), so he-as recognised them, but his-as brothers did not recognise him due to the status of the king and his honour. He-as said to them: ‘Place your goods with the comrades. And he-as said to his-as servants: ‘Hurry the measurement for them, and give them full measure. When they are free from it (receiving their measure), make their money to be (returned) in their saddle-bags, and do not let them know of that’. They did it.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ يُوسُفُ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَكُمْ أَخَوَانِ لِأَبِيكُمْ فَمَا فَعَلَا قَالُوا أَمَّا الْكَبِيرُ مِنْهُمَا فَإِنَّ الذِّئْبَ أَكَلَهُ وَ أَمَّا الصَّغِيرُ فَخَلَّفْنَاهُ عِنْدَ أَبِيهِ وَ هُوَ بِهِ ضَنِينٌ وَ عَلَيْهِ شَفِيقٌ قَالَ فَإِنِّي أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَأْتُونِي بِهِ مَعَكُمْ إِذَا جِئْتُمْ لِتَمْتَارُوا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَأْتُونِي بِهِ فَلا كَيْلَ لَكُمْ عِنْدِي وَ لا تَقْرَبُونِ قالُوا سَنُراوِدُ عَنْهُ أَباهُ وَ إِنَّا لَفاعِلُونَ
Then Yusuf-as said to them: ‘It has reached me-as that there was a brother of yours with your father-as, so what have you done with him?’ They said, ‘As for the elder of the two (Yusuf-as), so the wolf ate him up, and as for the younger one (Benyamin-as), so we left him-as behind with his-as father-as, and he-as conceals him-as and is affectionate to him-as’. He-as said: ‘So I-as would like you to bring him-as to me-as with you when you come for the (grain) collection. But if you do come to me with him, then there will be not measure for you all in my presence not will you be drawn near’ [12:60] They said, ‘We will try and get him from his father, and we will be doing it’ [12:61].
فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا إِلى أَبِيهِمْ … فَتَحُوا مَتاعَهُمْ فَوَجَدُوا بِضَاعَتَهُمْ فِيهِ قالُوا يا أَبانا ما نَبْغِي هذِهِ بِضاعَتُنا قَدْ رُدَّتْ إِلَيْنا وَ كِيلَ لَنَا كَيْلٌ قَدْ زَادَ حِمْلَ بَعِيرٍ فَأَرْسِلْ مَعَنا أَخانا نَكْتَلْ وَ إِنَّا لَهُ لَحافِظُونَ قالَ هَلْ آمَنُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا كَما أَمِنْتُكُمْ عَلى أَخِيهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ
فَلَمَّا احْتَاجُوا إِلَى الْمِيرَةِ بَعْدَ سِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ بَعَثَهُمْ يَعْقُوبُ وَ بَعَثَ مَعَهُمْ بِضَاعَةً يَسِيرَةً وَ بَعَثَ مَعَهُمُ ابْنَ يَامِيلَ وَ أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِذَلِكَ مَوْثِقاً مِنَ اللَّهِ لَتَأْتُنَّنِي بِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُحاطَ بِكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ فَانْطَلَقُوا مَعَ الرِّفَاقِ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مَعَكُمُ ابْنُ يَامِيلَ قَالُوا نَعَمْ هُوَ فِي الرَّحْلِ قَالَ لَهُمْ فَأْتُوْنِي بِهِ
When they had the need for the provisions (again) after six months, Yaqoub-as sent them with light goods, and sent Benyamin-as with them, and took a covenant from Allah-azwj with them with regards to that: that you would be coming back with him, until you are surrounded’ [12:66]’. So, they went with the comrades until they came up to Yusuf-as. He-as said to them: ‘Is Benyamin-as with you?’ They said, ‘Yes, he-as is in the saddle (ride)’. He-as said to them: ‘Bring him-as to me-as’.
فَأَتَوْهُ بِهِ وَ هُوَ فِي دَارِ الْمَلِكِ فَقَالَ أَدْخِلُوهُ وَحْدَهُ فَأَدْخَلُوهُ عَلَيْهِ فَضَمَّهُ يُوسُفُ إِلَيْهِ وَ بَكَى وَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنَا أَخُوكَ يُوسُفُ فَلَا تَبْتَئِسْ بِمَا تَرَانِي أَعْمَلُ وَ اكْتُمْ مَا أَخْبَرْتُكَ بِهِ وَ لَا تَحْزَنْ وَ لَا تَخَفْ ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ أَمَرَ فِتْيَتَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا بِضَاعَتَهُمْ وَ يُعَجِّلُوا لَهُمُ الْكَيْلَ فَإِذَا فَرَغُوا جَعَلُوا الْمِكْيَالَ فِي رَحْلِ ابْنِ يَامِيلَ فَفَعَلُوا بِهِ ذَلِكَ
They came with him-as, and he-as was in the house of the king. He-asws said: ‘He (Benyamin-as) entered alone and came up to him-as, so he (Yusuf-as) embraced him-as and cried, and said to him-as: ‘I-as am your-as brother-as Yusuf-as. Do not be disheartened with what you-as see me-as do, and conceal what I-as am informing you-as with, and do not fear’. Then he-as brought him-as out to them, and ordered his-as servants that they should take their baggage and make the provisions (grain) for them. When they are free, make the cup to be in the ride of Benyamin-as’. So, they did that.
وَ ارْتَحَلَ الْقَوْمُ مَعَ الرِّفْقَةِ فَمَضَوْا فَلَحِقَهُمْ يُوسُفُ وَ فِتْيَتُهُ فَنَادَوْا فِيهِمْ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ قالُوا وَ أَقْبَلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ ما ذا تَفْقِدُونَ
And the group departed with the friends and they went, and the servants of Yusuf-as caught up with them and called out, ‘O caravan! You are stealing!’ [12:70].The said, ‘What is that which you are missing?’ [12:71].
قالُوا نَفْقِدُ صُواعَ الْمَلِكِ وَ لِمَنْ جاءَ بِهِ حِمْلُ بَعِيرٍ وَ أَنَا بِهِ زَعِيمٌ قالُوا تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ ما جِئْنا لِنُفْسِدَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ ما كُنَّا سارِقِينَ
They said, ‘We miss the king’s drinking cup, and the one who comes with it would be given a camel-load, as I am responsible for it’ [12:72] They said, ‘By Allah! You have known that we did not come for corruption in the land, and we are not thieves’ [12:73].
قالُوا فَما جَزاؤُهُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ كاذِبِينَ قالُوا جَزاؤُهُ مَنْ وُجِدَ فِي رَحْلِهِ فَهُوَ جَزاؤُهُ
They said, ‘So what would be its recompense if you were liars?’ [12:74] They said, ‘Its recompense is, the one in whose bag it is found to be, then he would be its recompense [12:75].
قَالَ فَبَدَأَ بِأَوْعِيَتِهِمْ قَبْلَ وِعاءِ أَخِيهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَخْرَجَها مِنْ وِعاءِ أَخِيهِ … قالُوا إِنْ يَسْرِقْ فَقَدْ سَرَقَ أَخٌ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ
He-asws said: So it (the search) was begun with their bags before the bag of his brother (Benyamin), then it was extracted from the bag of his brother. [12:76] They (brothers) said, ‘If he has stolen, then a brother of his did indeed steal from before’. [12:77].
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ يُوسُفُ ارْتَحِلُوا عَنْ بِلَادِنَا قالُوا يا أَيُّهَا الْعَزِيزُ إِنَّ لَهُ أَباً شَيْخاً كَبِيراً وَ قَدْ أَخَذَ عَلَيْنَا مَوْثِقاً مِنَ اللَّهِ لِنَرُدَّ بِهِ إِلَيْهِ فَخُذْ أَحَدَنا مَكانَهُ إِنَّا نَراكَ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ إِنْ فَعَلْتَ قالَ مَعاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ إِلَّا مَنْ وَجَدْنا مَتاعَنا عِنْدَهُ
Yusuf-as said to them: ‘Depart from our city!’ They said, ‘O chief! There is a father of his, old-aged, so take one of us in his place. Surely we see you as being from the good doers’ [12:78], if you were to do so. He said: ‘Allah Forbid that we should take except for the one in whose possession we found our belongings [12:79].
فَقالَ كَبِيرُهُمْ إِنِّي لَسْتُ أَبْرَحُ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لِي أَبِي أَوْ يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ لِي وَ مَضَى إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ فَأَيْنَ ابْنُ يَامِيلَ قَالُوا ابْنُ يَامِيلَ سَرَقَ مِكْيَالَ الْمَلِكِ فَأَخَذَ الْمَلِكُ سَرِقَتَهُ فَحَبَسَ عِنْدَهُ فَاسْأَلْ أَهْلَ الْقَرْيَةِ وَ الْعِيْرَ حَتَّى يُخْبِرُوكَ بِذَلِكَ
Their eldest one said, I will never depart (from this) land until my father permits for me or Allah Decides for me, and He is the best of the deciders [12:80]. And the brothers of Yusuf-as went until they entered to see Yaqoub-as, and he-as said to them: ‘Where is Benyamin-as?’ They said, ‘Benyamin-as stole the measuring cup of the king, so the king seized its thief and withheld him-as with him. Ask the people of the town and the caravan until they inform you-as of that’.
فَاسْتَرْجَعَ وَ اسْتَعْبَرَ وَ اشْتَدَّ حُزْنُهُ حَتَّى تَقَوَّسَ ظَهْرُهُ
So, he-as recalled (said: ‘Inna Lillah Wan Inna Ilayhi Rajioun’) and shed tears and his-as grief intensified to the extent that his-as back became arched’’.[149]
115 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبَانٍ الْأَحْمَرِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا دَخَلَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ عَلَيْهِ وَ قَدْ جَاءُوا بِأَخِيهِمْ مَعَهُمْ وَضَعَ لَهُمُ الْمَوَائِدَ قَالَ يَمْتَارُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمْ مَعَ أَخِيهِ لِأُمِّهِ عَلَى الْخِوَانِ فَجَلَسُوا وَ بَقِيَ أَخُوهُ قَائِماً فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا لَكَ لَا تَجْلِسُ مَعَ إِخْوَتِكَ قَالَ لَيْسَ لِي مِنْهُمْ أَخٌ مِنْ أُمِّي
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Aban Al Ahmar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the brothers of Yusuf-as came to him-as, and they had come with their brother-as with them, he-as placed the meal for them and said: ‘Each one of you should gather with his brother of his mother upon the table’. They sat down and his-as brother-as (Benyamin-as) remained standing. He-as said to him-as: ‘what is the matter you-as are not sitting with your-as brothers?’ He-as said: ‘There isn’t for me-as any brother from my-as mother from them’.
قَالَ فَلَكَ أَخٌ مِنْ أُمِّكَ زَعَمَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَنَّ الذِّئْبَ أَكَلَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَاقْعُدْ وَ كُلْ مَعِي
He-as said: ‘For you-as there is a brother-as from your-as mother, they claim that the wolf ate him-as?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’. He-as said: ‘Sit and eat with me-as’.
قَالَ فَتَرَكَ إِخْوَتُهُ الْأَكْلَ قَالُوا إِنَّا نُرِيدُ أَمْراً وَ يَأْبَى اللَّهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَرْفَعَ وَلَدَ يَامِينَ عَلَيْنَا ثُمَّ قَالَ حِينَ فَرَغُوا مِنْ جِهَازِهِمْ أَمَرَ أَنْ يَضَعَ الصَّاعَ فِي رَحْلِ أَخِيهِ فَلَمَّا فَصَلُوا نَادَى مُنَادٍ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ
He-asws said: ‘His-as brothers left the eating saying, ‘We wanted a matter and Allah-azwj Refused except He-azwj Raised a son of Yamin over us’. Then he-as instructed that when they were away from their equipment to place the cup in a bag of his-as brother-as. When they went to a distance, Then a caller called out, ‘O caravan! You are stealing!’ [12:70]’.
قَالَ فَرَجَعُوا فَقَالُوا ما ذا تَفْقِدُونَ قالُوا نَفْقِدُ صُواعَ الْمَلِكِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ جَزاؤُهُ مَنْ وُجِدَ فِي رَحْلِهِ فَهُوَ جَزاؤُهُ يَعْنُونَ السُّنَّةَ الَّتِي تَجْرِي فِيهِمْ أَنْ يَحْبِسَهُ
He-asws said: ‘They returned and said, ‘What is that which you are missing?’ [12:71] They said, ‘We miss the king’s drinking cup [12:72] – up to His-azwj Words: ‘Its recompense is, the one in whose bag it is found to be, then he would be its recompense. [12:75], meaning the way which had flowed among them, that he be withheld.
فَبَدَأَ بِأَوْعِيَتِهِمْ قَبْلَ وِعاءِ أَخِيهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَخْرَجَها مِنْ وِعاءِ أَخِيهِ فَ قالُوا إِنْ يَسْرِقْ فَقَدْ سَرَقَ أَخٌ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ
So it (the search) was begun with their bags before the bag of his brother (Benyamin), then it was extracted from the bag of his brother. [12:76] They (brothers) said, ‘If he has stolen, then a brother of his did indeed steal from before’. [12:77]’.
قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءُ فَسَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ يَعْنُونَ الْمِنْطَقَةَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ غَدَائِهِ قَالَ مَا بَلَغَ مِنْ حُزْنِكَ عَلَى أَخِيكَ قَالَ وُلِدَ لِي عَشَرَةُ أَوْلَادٍ فَكُلُّهُمْ شَقَقْتُ لَهُمْ مِنِ اسْمِهِ
Al Hassan Bin Al Al Washa said,
‘I heard Al-Reza-asws saying: ‘They were meaning the belt. When they were free from this lunch, he-as said: ‘What reached from your-as grief upon your-as brother-as?’ He-as said: ‘Ten sons were born for me-as, and I-as derived for each one of them from his-as name’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا أَرَاكَ حَزِنْتَ عَلَيْهِ حَيْثُ اتَّخَذْتَ النِّسَاءَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ قَالَ أَيُّهَا الْعَزِيزُ إِنَّ لِي أَباً شَيْخاً كَبِيراً صَالِحاً فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ تَزَوَّجْ لَعَلَّكَ أَنْ تُصِيبَ وَلَداً يُثْقِلُ الْأَرْضَ بِشَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ
He-asws said: ‘He-as said to him: ‘I-as don’t see you-as grieving upon him-as where you-as took the women from after him-as?’ He-as said: ‘O you king! There is an old aged father-as for me-as, a righteous one. He-as said:’ O my-as son-as! Get married, perhaps you will attain children who will weigh down the earth with the testimony that there is no god except Allah-azwj’.[150]
116 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: وَ قَدْ كَانَ هَيَّأَ لَهُمْ طَعَاماً فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا إِلَيْهِ قَالَ لِيَجْلِسْ كُلُّ بَنِي أُمٍّ عَلَى مَائِدَةٍ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – Ali Bin Mahziyar, from one of our companions, from his father,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘And he-as had prepared a meal for them, and when they entered to see him-as, he-as said: ‘Let every son of a mother sit upon the table (together)’.
قَالَ فَجَلَسُوا وَ بَقِيَ ابْنُ يَامِينَ قَائِماً فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ مَا لَكَ لَا تَجْلِسُ قَالَ لَهُ إِنَّكَ قُلْتَ لِيَجْلِسْ كُلُّ بَنِي أُمٍّ عَلَى مَائِدَةٍ وَ لَيْسَ لِي مِنْهُمُ ابْنُ أُمٍّ فَقَالَ يُوسُفُ أَ مَا كَانَ لَكَ ابْنُ أُمٍّ قَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ يَامِينَ بَلَى قَالَ يُوسُفُ فَمَا فَعَلَ قَالَ زَعَمَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَنَّ الذِّئْبَ أَكَلَهُ
He-asws said: ‘They sat down and Benyamin-as remained standing. Yusuf-as said to him-as: ‘Mat is the matter you do not sit?’ He-as said to him-as: ‘You-as said: ‘Let every son of a mother sit upon a table’, and there isn’t for me-as a son of a mother, from them’. Yusuf-as said: ‘Was there a son of a mother for you-as?’ Benyamin-as said to him: ‘Yes’. Yusuf-as said: ‘So, what happened?’ He-as said: ‘They claimed that the wolf ate him-as’.
قَالَ فَمَا بَلَغَ مِنْ حُزْنِكَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ وُلِدَ لِي أَحَدَ عَشَرَ ابْناً كُلُّهُمْ أَشْتَقُّ لَهُ اسْماً مِنِ اسْمِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ أَرَاكَ قَدْ عَانَقْتَ النِّسَاءَ وَ شَمِمْتَ الْوَلَدَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ قَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ يَامِينَ إِنَّ لِي أَباً صَالِحاً وَ إِنَّهُ قَالَ تَزَوَّجْ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ مِنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً تُثْقِلُ الْأَرْضَ بِالتَّسْبِيحِ
He-as said: ‘What reached from your-as grief upon him-as?’ He-as said: ‘Eleven sons were born for me-as, each of them I-as derived a name for him from his-as name’. Yusuf-as said to him-as: ‘I-as see you-as have hugged the women and smelled the children from after him-as!’ Benyamin-as said to him-as: ‘For me-as there is a righteous father-as, and he-as said: ‘Get married, perhaps Allah-azwj will Extract from you-as an offspring weighing down the earth with the Glorification’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ تَعَالَ فَاجْلِسْ مَعِي عَلَى مَائِدَتِي فَقَالَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ لَقَدْ فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخَاهُ حَتَّى إِنَّ الْمَلِكَ قَدْ أَجْلَسَهُ مَعَهُ عَلَى مَائِدَتِهِ
He-as said to him-as: ‘Come, sit with me-as at my-as table’. The brothers of Yusuf-as said, ‘Allah-azwj has Merited Yusuf-as and his-as brother-as until the king has seated him-as with him at his table’’.[151]
117 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ لَا خَيْرَ فِيمَنْ لَا تَقِيَّةَ لَهُ وَ لَقَدْ قَالَ يُوسُفُ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ وَ مَا سَرَقُوا
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer who said,
I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘There is no good in one there is no Taqayyah (dissimulation for him), and Yusuf-as had said: ‘O caravan! You are stealing!’ [12:70], and they had not stolen’’.[152]
118 شي، تفسير العياشي وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قِيلَ لَهُ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ يَرْوِي عَنْكَ أَنَّكَ تَكَلَّمُ عَلَى سَبْعِينَ وَجْهاً لَكَ مِنْهَا الْمَخْرَجُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – And in another report, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said and I was in his-asws presence, ‘Salim Bin Abu Hafs is reported from you-asws that you-asws tend to speak upon seventy perspective, for you-asws there being a way out from these’.
فَقَالَ مَا يُرِيدُ سَالِمٌ مِنِّي أَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ أَجِيءَ بِالْمَلَائِكَةِ فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا جَاءَ بِهِمُ النَّبِيُّونَ وَ لَقَدْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ إِنِّي سَقِيمٌ وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانَ سَقِيماً وَ مَا كَذَبَ وَ لَقَدْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بَلْ فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ وَ مَا فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ وَ مَا كَذَبَ وَ لَقَدْ قَالَ يُوسُفُ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانُوا سَرَقُوا وَ مَا كَذَبَ
He-asws said: ‘What does Salim want from me-asws? Does he want that I-asws come with the Angels!? By Allah-azwj! The Prophets-as did not come with them, and Ibrahim-as had said: ‘‘I feel sick’ [37:89], and he-as was not sick but he-as did not lie. And Ibrahim-as has said: He said: ‘But (maybe) their biggest one did this, so ask them if they could speak’ [21:63], and he (their biggest idol) had not done it, but he-as did not lie’. And Yusuf-as has said: ‘O caravan! You are stealing!’ [12:70]. By Allah-azwj they had not stolen, but he-as had not lied’’.[153]
119 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ صُوَاعُ الْمَلِكِ طَاسُهُ الَّذِي يَشْرَبُ فِيهِ
‘Tafseer A Ayyashi’ – From Abu Hamza Al Sumaly,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘The cup of the king was his-as bowl which he used to drink in’’.[154]
120 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ صُواعَ الْمَلِكِ قَالَ كَانَ قَدَحاً مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَ قَالَ كَانَ صُوَاعَ يُوسُفَ إِذْ كِيْلَ بِهِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Muhammad Bin Abu Hamza, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: ‘king’s drinking cup, [12:72]. He-asws said: ‘It was a mug of gold’. And he-asws said: ‘It was the cup of Yusuf-as when he-as was measuring with it’’.[155]
121 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: ذَكَرَ بَنِي يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ كَانُوا إِذَا غَضِبُوا اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُهُمْ حَتَّى تَقْطُرَ جُلُودُهُمْ دَماً أَصْفَرَ وَ هُمْ يَقُولُونَ خُذْ أَحَدَنَا مَكَانَهُ يَعْنِي جَزَاءَهُ فَأَخَذَ الَّذِي وَجَدَ الصَّاعَ عِنْدَهُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Al Husayn Bin Abu Al A’ala,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘It was so, when they were angry, their anger was severe to the extent that their skins dripped yellow blood and they were saying take one of us in his place [12:78], meaning as its recompense. He was seized, the one with whom the cup was found’’.[156]
122 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا اسْتَيْأَسَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ مِنْ أَخِيهِمْ قَالَ لَهُمْ يَهُودَا وَ كَانَ أَكْبَرَهُمْ فَلَنْ أَبْرَحَ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لِي أَبِي أَوْ يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ لِي وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الْحاكِمِينَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the brothers of Yusuf-as despaired from their brother-as, Yehouda said to them, and he was their eldest, ‘Therefore, I will never depart (from this) land until my father permits for me of Allah Decides for me, and He is the best of the deciders [12:80]’.
قَالَ وَ رَجَعَ إِلَى يُوسُفَ يُكَلِّمُهُ فِي أَخِيهِ فَكَلَّمَهُ حَتَّى ارْتَفَعَ الْكَلَامُ بَيْنَهُمَا حَتَّى غَضِبَ يَهُودَا وَ كَانَ إِذَا غَضِبَ قَامَتْ شَعْرَةٌ فِي كَتِفِهِ وَ خَرَجَ مِنْهَا الدَّمُ
He-asws said: ‘And he (Yehouda) returned to Yusuf-as to speak to him-as regarding his brother (Benyamin-as). He spoke to him-as until the speech was loud between them, until Yehouda got angered, and it was so that whenever he got angered, the hair in his shoulders would stand up and blood would come out from it’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ يُوسُفَ ابْنٌ لَهُ صَغِيرٌ مَعَهُ رُمَّانَةٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَ كَانَ الصَّبِيُّ يَلْعَبُ بِهَا قَالَ فَأَخَذَهَا يُوسُفُ مِنَ الصَّبِيِّ فَدَحْرَجَهَا نَحْوَ يَهُودَا قَالَ وَ حَبَا الصَّبِيُّ لِيَأْخُذَهَا فَمَسَّ يَهُودَا فَسَكَنَ يَهُودَا
He-asws said: ‘And it was so that in front of Yusuf-as was a young son of his-as. With him was a pomegranate of gold, and the child was playing with it. Yusuf-as took it from the child and rolled it near Yehouda, and the child crawled to near Yehouda in order to take it. He touched Yehouda and Yehouda calmed down.
ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَى يُوسُفَ فَكَلَّمَهُ فِي أَخِيهِ حَتَّى ارْتَفَعَ الْكَلَامُ بَيْنَهُمَا حَتَّى غَضِبَ يَهُودَا وَ قَامَتِ الشَّعْرَةُ وَ سَالَ مِنْهَا الدَّمُ فَأَخَذَ يُوسُفُ الرُّمَّانَةَ مِنَ الصَّبِيِّ فَدَحْرَجَهَا نَحْوَ يَهُودَا وَ حَبَا الصَّبِيُّ نَحْوَ يَهُودَا فَسَكَنَ يَهُودَا فَقَالَ يَهُودَا إِنَّ فِي الْبَيْتِ مَعَنَا لَبَعْضَ وُلْدِ يَعْقُوبَ
Then he reiterated to Yusuf-as and spoke to him-as regarding his brother-as until the speech was loud between them, to the extent that Yehouda was angered, and the hair stood up, and the blood flowed from these. So, Yusuf-as took the golden pomegranate from the child and rolled it to around Yehouda, and the child crawled to near Yehouda, and Yehouda calmed down. And Yehouda said, ‘Surely, in the house with us there is one of the sons of Yaqoub-as’.
قَالَ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَهُمْ يُوسُفُ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ ما فَعَلْتُمْ بِيُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ إِذْ أَنْتُمْ جاهِلُونَ
He-asws said: ‘Thus, during that, Yusuf said to them: ‘Do you know what you did with Yusuf and his brother when you were ignorant?’ [12:89]’’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أَخَذَ يُوسُفُ أَخَاهُ اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ إِخْوَتُهُ فَقَالُوا لَهُ خُذْ أَحَدَنَا مَكَانَهُ وَ جُلُودُهُمْ تَقْطُرُ دَماً أَصْفَرَ وَ هُمْ يَقُولُونَ خُذْ أَحَدَنَا مَكَانَهُ
And in a report of Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From him-asws having said: ‘When Yusuf-as seized his-as brother-as, his-as brothers gathered against him and they said to him-as, ‘take one of us in his place. [12:78], and their skins were dripping yellow blood, and they were saying, take one of us in his place. [12:78]’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَنْ أَبَى عَلَيْهِمْ وَ أُخْرِجُوا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ قَالَ لَهُمْ يَهُودَا قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ مَا فَعَلْتُمْ بِيُوسُفَ- فَلَنْ أَبْرَحَ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لِي أَبِي أَوْ يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ لِي وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الْحاكِمِينَ
He-asws said: ‘When he-as refused upon them and they went out from his-as presence, Yehouda said to them, ‘You all know what you did with Yusuf-as, Therefore, I will never depart (from this) land until my father permits for me of Allah Decides for me, and He is the best of the deciders [12:80]’.
قَالَ فَرَجَعُوا إِلَى أَبِيهِمْ وَ تَخَلَّفَ يَهُودَا قَالَ فَدَخَلَ عَلَى يُوسُفَ فَكَلَّمَهُ فِي أَخِيهِ حَتَّى ارْتَفَعَ الْكَلَامُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُ وَ غَضِبَ وَ كَانَ عَلَى كَتِفِهِ شَعْرَةٌ إِذَا غَضِبَ قَامَتِ الشَّعْرَةُ فَلَا تَزَالُ تَقْذِفُ بِالدَّمِ حَتَّى يَمَسَّهُ بَعْضُ وُلْدِ يَعْقُوبَ
He-asws said: ‘They returned to their father-as and left Yehouda behind. He entered to see Yusuf-as until the speech was loud between him-as and him and anger, and upon his shoulder was such hair that whenever he was angry, the hair would stand it would not cease throwing out the blood until it was wiped by one of the sons of Yaqoub-as’.
قَالَ فَكَانَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ يُوسُفَ ابْنٌ لَهُ صَغِيرٌ فِي يَدِهِ رُمَّانَةٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ يَلْعَبُ بِهَا فَلَمَّا رَآهُ يُوسُفُ قَدْ غَضِبَ وَ قَامَتِ الشَّعْرَةُ تَقْذِفُ بِالدَّمِ أَخَذَ الرُّمَّانَةَ مِنْ يَدَيِ الصَّبِيِّ ثُمَّ دَحْرَجَهَا نَحْوَ يَهُودَا وَ ابْتَغَى الصَّبِيُّ لِيَأْخُذَهَا فَوَقَعَتْ يَدُهُ عَلَى يَهُودَا قَالَ فَذَهَبَ غَضَبُهُ
He-asws said: ‘And it was so that in front of Yusuf-as was a young son of his-as. With him was a pomegranate of gold, and the child was playing with it. When Yusuf-as saw him to be angry and the hair had stood throwing out the blood, he-as took the pomegranate from the hand of the child, then rolled it to around Yehouda, and the child pursued it in order to take it and its hand fell upon Yahouda. His anger subsided.
قَالَ فَارْتَابَ يَهُودَا وَ رَجَعَ الصَّبِيُّ بِالرُّمَّانَةِ إِلَى يُوسُفَ ثُمَّ ارْتَفَعَ الْكَلَامُ بَيْنَهُمَا حَتَّى غَضِبَ وَ قَامَتِ الشَّعْرَةُ فَجَعَلَتْ تَقْذِفُ بِالدَّمِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى يُوسُفُ دَحْرَجَ الرُّمَّانَةَ نَحْوَ يَهُودَا وَ أَتْبَعَهَا الصَّبِيُّ لِيَأْخُذَهَا فَوَقَعَتْ يَدُهُ عَلَى يَهُودَا فَسَكَنَ غَضَبُهُ
He-asws said: ‘Yehouda was suspicious and returned the child to Yusuf-as along with the pomegranate. Then the speech became loud between the two until he was angry, and the hair stood and went on to throw out the blood. When Yusuf-as saw, he-as rolled the pomegranate to around Yehouda and the child pursued it in order to take it, and its hand fell upon Yehouda, and his anger subsided’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ يَهُودَا إِنَّ فِي الْبَيْتِ لَمِنْ وُلْدِ يَعْقُوبَ حَتَّى صَنَعَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ
He-asws said: ‘Yehouda said, ‘In the house there is one from the sons of Yaqoub-as’, until he-as had done that thrice’’.[157]
123 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ مَا الصَّبْرُ الْجَمِيلُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Jabir who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! What is the beautiful patience?’
فَقَالَ كَانَ [ذَاكَ] صَبْرٌ لَيْسَ فِيهِ شَكْوَى إِلَى النَّاسِ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بَعَثَ يَعْقُوبَ إِلَى رَاهِبٍ مِنَ الرُّهْبَانِ عَابِدٍ مِنَ الْعُبَّادِ فِي حَاجَةٍ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ الرَّاهِبُ حَسِبَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَوَثَبَ إِلَيْهِ فَاعْتَنَقَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَرْحَباً بِخَلِيلِ الرَّحْمَنِ
He-asws said: ‘It would be patience wherein there isn’t any complaint to the people. Ibrahim-as sent Yaqoub-as to a monk from the monks, a worshipper from the worshippers, regarding a need. When the monk saw him-as, recognised him-as to be Ibrahim-as and leapt to him-as and hugged him-as, then said, ‘Welcome to the Friend of the Beneficent!’
قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ إِنِّي لَسْتُ بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ لَكِنِّي يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّاهِبُ فَمَا بَلَغَ بِكَ مَا أَرَى مِنَ الْكِبَرِ قَالَ الْهَمُّ وَ الْحُزْنُ فَمَا جَاوَزَ صَغِيرَ الْبَابِ حَتَّى أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَا يَعْقُوبُ شَكَوْتَنِي إِلَى الْعِبَادِ
Yaqoub-as said: ‘I-as am not Ibrahim-as, but Yaqoub-as Bin Is’haq-as Bin Ibrahim-as’. The monk said to him-as, ‘What made you-as reach to old age which I see?’ He-as said: ‘Worries and grief’. He-as had not crossed the small door until Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “O Yaqoub-as! You-as complained about Me-azwj to the servants?”
فَخَرَّ سَاجِداً عِنْدَ عَتَبَةِ الْبَابِ يَقُولُ رَبِّ لَا أَعُودُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُهَا لَكَ فَلَا تَعُودَنَّ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا
He-as fell down in Sajdah at the threshold of the door saying: ‘Lord-azwj! I-as will not repeat’. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “I-azwj have Forgiven it for you-as, so do not repeat to the like of it!”
فَمَا شَكَا شَيْئاً مِمَّا أَصَابَهُ مِنْ نَوَائِبِ الدُّنْيَا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَوْماً إِنَّما أَشْكُوا بَثِّي وَ حُزْنِي إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ أَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ
(From then) he-as did not complain of anything from what afflicted him-as from the episodes of the world except one day he-as said: ‘‘But rather, I only complain of my sorrow and grief to Allah, and I know from Allah what you do not know’ [12:86]’’.[158]
124 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا مَا بَلَغَ مِنْ حُزْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَلَى يُوسُفَ قَالَ حُزْنَ سَبْعِينَ ثَكْلَى حَرَّى
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘One of our companions said to him-asws, ‘What reached from the grief of Yaqoub-as upon Yusuf-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Grief of seventy bereaved mothers burning (with sorrow)’’.[159]
125 وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قِيلَ لَهُ كَيْفَ تَحَزَّنَ يَعْقُوبُ عَلَى يُوسُفَ وَ قَدْ أَخْبَرَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَمُتْ وَ أَنَّهُ سَيَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ نَسِيَ ذَلِكَ
And by this chain from him, said, ‘It was said to him-asws, ‘How was the grief of Yaqoub-as upon Yusuf-as, and although Jibraeel-as had informed him that he-as had not died and will be returning to him-as?’ He-as said: ‘He-as forgot that’’.[160]
126 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ الْبَحْرَانِيِّ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الْبَكَّاءُونَ خَمْسَةٌ آدَمُ وَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ يُوسُفُ وَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَمَّا يَعْقُوبُ فَبَكَى عَلَى يُوسُفَ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ وَ حَتَّى قِيلَ لَهُ تَفْتَؤُا تَذْكُرُ يُوسُفَ حَتَّى تَكُونَ حَرَضاً أَوْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْهالِكِينَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – Muhammad Bin Sahl Al Bahrany, from one of our companions,
‘Form Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The crying ones are five – Adam-as, and Yaqoub-as, and Yusuf-as, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter of Muhammad-saww, and Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws. As for Yaqoub-as, he-as cried upon Yusuf-as until his-as eyesight was gone and until it was said to him-as, ‘You will not cease remembering Yusuf until you become fatally ill or become from the perished ones’ [12:85]’’.[161]
127 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ يَعْقُوبَ أَتَى مَلِكاً بِنَاحِيَتِكُمْ يَسْأَلُهُ الْحَاجَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ أَنْتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ قَالَ لَا قَالَ وَ أَنْتَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَمَنْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ismail Bin Jabir,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Yaqoub-as came to a king in your township asking him of the need. The king said to him, ‘Are you-as Ibrahim-as?’ He-as said: ‘No’. He said, ‘And are you Is’haq-as Bin Ibrahim-as?’ He-as said: ‘No’. He said, ‘Who are you?’ He-as said: ‘I-as am Yaqoub-as Bin Is’haq-as’.
قَالَ فَمَا بَلَغَ بِكَ مَا أَرَى مَعَ حَدَاثَةِ السِّنِّ قَالَ الْحُزْنُ عَلَى يُوسُفَ قَالَ لَقَدْ بَلَغَ بِكَ الْحُزْنُ يَا يَعْقُوبُ كُلَّ مَبْلَغٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَسْرَعُ شَيْءٍ الْبَلَاءُ إِلَيْنَا ثُمَّ الْأَمْثَلَ فَالْأَمْثَلَ مِنَ النَّاسِ
He said, ‘What made it reach with you-as what I see with the advent of the years?’ He-as said: ‘He-as said: ‘The grief upon Yusuf-as’. He-as said: ‘The grief has reached with you-as, O Yaqoub-as, all the reaching’. He-as said: ‘We-as, the community of Prophets-as, the afflictions are quicker to us, then the like so the like from the people’.
فَقَضَى حَاجَتَهُ فَلَمَّا جَاوَزَ بَابَهُ هَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا يَعْقُوبُ رَبُّكَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ شَكَوْتَنِي إِلَى النَّاسِ فَعَفَّرَ وَجْهَهُ فِي التُّرَابِ وَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ زَلَّةً أَقِلْنِيهَا فَلَا أَعُودُ بَعْدَ هَذَا أَبَداً
He fulfilled his-as need. When he-as crossed over his door, Jibraeel-as descended unto him-as and said to him-as: ‘O Yaqoub-as! Your-as Lord-azwj Conveys the greetings to you-as and is Saying to you-as: “You-as complained of Me-azwj to the people!” He-as rubbed his-as face in the dust, and said: ‘O Lord-azwj, I-as slipped, so excuse me-as! I-as will not repeat this, ever!’
ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ ارْفَعْ رَأْسَكَ رَبُّكَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ قَدْ أَقَلْتُكَ فَلَا تَعُودُ تَشْكُونِي إِلَى خَلْقِي
Then Jibraeel-as reiterated to him-as and said: ‘O Yaqoub-as! Raise your-as head. Your-azwj Lord-azwj Conveys you-as the greetings and is Saying to you-as: “I-azwj have Excused you-as, so do not repeat complaining about Me-azwj to My-azwj creatures!”
فَمَا رُئِيَ نَاطِقاً بِكَلِمَةٍ مِمَّا كَانَ فِيهِ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ بَنُوهُ فَصَرَفَ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الْحَائِطِ وَ قَالَ إِنَّما أَشْكُوا بَثِّي وَ حُزْنِي إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ أَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ
He-as was not seen speaking a word from what (afflictions) he-as was in until his-as (Yusuf-as’s) news of death came to him-as, so he-as turned his-as face towards the wall and said: ‘‘‘But rather, I only complain of my sorrow and grief to Allah, and I know from Allah what you do not know’ [12:86]’’.[162]
128 وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ عَنْهُ جَاءَ يَعْقُوبُ إِلَى نُمْرُودَ فِي حَاجَةٍ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ أَشْبَهَ النَّاسِ بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ خَلِيلُ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ لَا الْحَدِيثَ
And in another Hadeeth,
From him-asws: ‘Yaqoub-as came to Nimrod-la regarding a need. When he-as entered to see him-la, and he-as was the most resembling of the people to Ibrahim-as, he-la said to him-as, ‘Are you-as Ibrahim-as Friend of the Beneficent?’ He-as said: ‘No’. – The Hadeeth’’.[163]
129 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع عَادَ إِلَى الْحَدِيثِ الْأَوَّلِ قَالَ وَ اشْتَدَّ حُزْنُهُ يَعْنِي يَعْقُوبَ حَتَّى تَقَوَّسَ ظَهْرُهُ وَ أَدْبَرَتِ الدُّنْيَا عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ وَ وُلْدِهِ حَتَّى احْتَاجُوا حَاجَةً شَدِيدَةً وَ فَنِيَتْ مِيَرُهُمْ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ لِوُلْدِهِ اذْهَبُوا فَتَحَسَّسُوا مِنْ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ وَ لا تَيْأَسُوا مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لا يَيْأَسُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْقَوْمُ الْكافِرُونَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws – returning to the first Hadeeth, he-asws said: ‘And his-as grief intensified’ – meaning Yaqoub-as, ‘Until his-as back was arched, and the world turned its back on Yaqoub-as and his-as children until they were need to severe needs and their provisions were spoilt. During that, Yaqoub-as said to his-as children: O my sons! Go and inquire about Yusuf and his brother, and do not despair from Mercy of Allah; surely none despairs of Allah’s Mercy except the Kafir people [12:87].
فَخَرَجَ مِنْهُمْ نَفَرٌ وَ بَعَثَ مَعَهُمْ بِضَاعَةً يَسِيرَةً وَ كَتَبَ مَعَهُمْ كِتَاباً إِلَى عَزِيزِ مِصْرَ يَعْطِفُهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ وُلْدِهِ وَ أَوْصَى وُلْدَهُ أَنْ يَبْدُوا بِدَفْعِ كِتَابِهِ قَبْلَ الْبِضَاعَةِ
A number of them went out and he-as sent light merchandise with them, and wrote a letter with them to the King of Egypt, and introduced himself-as and his-as sons, and bequeathed to his-as sons that they should begin by handing over his-as letter before the provisions.
فَكَتَبَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ إِلَى عَزِيزِ مِصْرَ وَ مَظْهَرِ الْعَدْلِ وَ مُوفِي الْكَيْلِ مِنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ صَاحِبِ نُمْرُودَ الَّذِي جَمَعَ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَطَبَ وَ النَّارَ لِيُحْرِقَهُ بِهَا فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلَاماً وَ أَنْجَاهُ مِنْهَا
‘In the Name of Allah-azwj, the Beneficent, the Merciful – To the King of Egypt, and the manifester of the justice and the fulfiller of the measurement, from Yaqoub-as Bin Is’haq-as, Bin Ibrahim-as, a Friend of Allah-azwj, the adversary of Nimrod-la who gathered the firewood for Ibrahim-as to be incinerated by the fire, but Allah-azwj Made it to be a place of coolness and safety for him-as and Rescued him-as from it.
أُخْبِرُكَ أَيُّهَا الْعَزِيزُ أَنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ قَدِيمٍ لَمْ يَزَلِ الْبَلَاءُ إِلَيْنَا سَرِيعاً مِنَ اللَّهِ لِيَبْلُوَنَا بِذَلِكَ عِنْدَ السَّرَّاءِ وَ الضَّرَّاءِ وَ أَنَّ مَصَائِبَ تَتَابَعَتْ عَلَيَّ مُنْذُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً
I-as hereby inform you – O you king – We-as are an ancient Household. The afflictions never cease to come quickly upon us-as from Allah-azwj, in order to Test us by that during the prosperity and the adversity. And the difficulties have followed me-as for the last twenty years.
أَوَّلُهَا أَنَّهُ كَانَ لِيَ ابْنٌ سَمَّيْتُهُ يُوسُفَ وَ كَانَ سُرُورِي مِنْ بَيْنِ وُلْدِي وَ قُرَّةَ عَيْنِي وَ ثَمَرَةَ فُؤَادِي وَ أَنَّ إِخْوَتَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أُمِّهِ سَأَلُونِي أَنْ أَبْعَثَهُ مَعَهُمْ يَرْتَعْ وَ يَلْعَبْ فَبَعَثْتُهُ مَعَهُمْ بُكْرَةً وَ إِنَّهُمْ جَاءُونِي عِشاءً يَبْكُونَ وَ جَاءُونِي عَلى قَمِيصِهِ بِدَمٍ كَذِبٍ فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّ الذِّئْبَ أَكَلَهُ فَاشْتَدَّ لِفَقْدِهِ حُزْنِي وَ كَثُرَ عَلَى فِرَاقِهِ بُكَائِي حَتَّى ابْيَضَّتْ عَيْنَايَ مِنَ الْحُزْنِ
Firstly – I-as had a son-as called Yusuf-as, and he-as was my-asws pleasure between my-as sons, and the delight of my-as eyes and the fruit of my-as heart. And his-as brothers from another mother asked me-as that I-as should send him-as with them to enjoy himself and play. I-as sent him-as along with them in the morning, and they came back to me-as in the evening crying, and came to me-as with false blood upon his-as shirt claiming that the wolf ate him-as. So my-as grief intensified due to his-as loss, and my wailing was frequent upon his-as separation, to the extent that my-as eyes have become white from the grief’.
وَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَهُ أَخٌ مِنْ خَالَتِهِ وَ كُنْتُ بِهِ مُعْجَباً وَ عَلَيْهِ رَفِيقاً وَ كَانَ لِي أَنِيساً وَ كُنْتُ إِذَا ذَكَرْتُ يُوسُفَ ضَمَمْتُهُ إِلَى صَدْرِي
And he-as had a brother (brought up) by his aunt, and I-as admired him-as and he-as was a friend to him-as, and he-as was beloved to me-as. And whenever I-as remembered Yusuf-as, I-as used to hold him-as to my-as chest, and would become tranquil at some of what I-as would find in my-as chest.
فَيَسْكُنُ بَعْضُ مَا أَجِدُ فِي صَدْرِي وَ أَنَّ إِخْوَتَهُ ذَكَرُوا لِي أَنَّكَ أَيُّهَا الْعَزِيزُ سَأَلْتَهُمْ عَنْهُ وَ أَمَرْتَهُمْ أَنْ يَأْتُوكَ بِهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَأْتُوكَ بِهِ مَنَعْتَهُمُ الْمِيرَةَ لَنَا مِنَ الْقَمْحِ مِنْ مِصْرَ فَبَعَثْتُهُ مَعَهُمْ لِيَمْتَارُوا لَنَا قَمْحاً فَرَجَعُوا إِلَيَّ فَلَيْسَ هُوَ مَعَهُمْ وَ ذَكَرُوا أَنَّهُ سَرَقَ مِكْيَالَ الْمَلِكِ وَ نَحْنُ أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ لَا نَسْرِقُ وَ قَدْ حَبَسْتَهُ وَ فَجَعْتَنِي بِهِ
And his-as brothers mentioned to me-as that you – O king – asked about him-as, and ordered them that they should bring him-as to you, and if they were not to bring him-as, you would prevent the provisions for us from the wheat from Egypt. I-as sent him-as along with them, so that we would receive the wheat. They came back to me-as and he-as was not with them. And they mentioned that he-as had stolen from the property of the king, and we are a Household who do not steal. And you have imprisoned him-as and so I-asws am distressed by it.
وَ قَدِ اشْتَدَّ لِفِرَاقِهِ حُزْنِي حَتَّى تَقَوَّسَ لِذَلِكَ ظَهْرِي وَ عَظُمَتْ بِهِ مُصِيبَتِي مَعَ مَصَائِبَ مُتَتَابِعَاتٍ عَلَيَ فَمُنَّ عَلَيَّ بِتَخْلِيَةِ سَبِيلِهِ وَ إِطْلَاقِهِ مِنْ مَحْبَسِهِ وَ طَيِّبْ لَنَا الْقَمْحَ وَ اسْمَحْ لَنَا فِي السِّعْرِ وَ عَجِّلْ سَرَاحَ آلِ يَعْقُوبَ
My-as grief has intensified due to his-as separation to the extent that my-as back has become arched, and my-as difficulties are magnified, along with the difficulties which followed me-as. Therefore, do a favour to me-as by clearing his-as way and releasing him-as from your detention, and make good for us the wheat, and make allowance for us in the price, and quickly release the Progeny of Yaqoub-as’.
فَلَمَّا مَضَى وُلْدُ يَعْقُوبَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ نَحْوَ مِصْرَ بِكِتَابِهِ نَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا يَعْقُوبُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقُولُ لَكَ مَنِ ابْتَلَاكَ بِمَصَائِبِكَ الَّتِي كَتَبْتَ بِهَا إِلَى عَزِيزِ مِصْرَ قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ أَنْتَ بَلَوْتَنِي بِهَا عُقُوبَةً مِنْكَ وَ أَدَباً لِي قَالَ اللَّهُ فَهَلْ كَانَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى صَرْفِهَا عَنْكَ أَحَدٌ غَيْرِي قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ اللَّهُمَّ لَا
When the sons of Yaqoub-as went from his-as presence to Egypt with his-as letter, Jibraeel-as descended unto Yaqoub-as and said to him-as: ‘O Yaqoub-as! Your-as Lord-azwj is Saying to you-as: “Who Tested you-as with your-as difficulties which you-as wrote about to the king of Egypt?” Yaqoub-as said: “You-azwj Tested me-as by a Punishment from You-azwj, and an education for me-as’. Allah-azwj Said: “Is there anyone else other than Me-azwj Who has the Power to exchange it from you-as?’ Yaqoub-as said: ‘O Allah-azwj, No!’
قَالَ أَ فَمَا اسْتَحْيَيْتَ مِنِّي حِينَ شَكَوْتَ مَصَائِبَكَ إِلَى غَيْرِي وَ لَمْ تَسْتَغِثْ بِي وَ تَشْكُو مَا بِكَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ يَا إِلَهِي وَ أَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ وَ أَشْكُو بَثِّي وَ حُزْنِي إِلَيْكَ
He-azwj Said: “Did you-as not feel embarrassed from Me-azwj where you-as complained of your-as difficulties to other than Me-azwj, and did not cry out for help to Me-azwj, and complain about what was with you-as, to Me-azwj?” Yaqoub-as said: ‘I-as seek Your-azwj Forgiveness, O my-as God, and repent to You-azwj, and complain of my-as grief to You-azwj’.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى قَدْ بَلَغْتُ بِكَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ وَ بِوُلْدِكَ الْخَاطِئِينَ الْغَايَةَ فِي أَدَبِي وَ لَوْ كُنْتَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ شَكَوْتَ مَصَائِبَكَ إِلَيَّ عِنْدَ نُزُولِهَا بِكَ وَ اسْتَغْفَرْتَ وَ تُبْتَ إِلَيَّ مِنْ ذَنْبِكَ لَصَرَفْتُهَا عَنْكَ بَعْدَ تَقْدِيرِي إِيَّاهَا عَلَيْكَ وَ لَكِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ أَنْسَاكَ ذِكْرِي فَصِرْتَ إِلَى الْقُنُوطِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِي وَ أَنَا اللَّهُ الْجَوَادُ الْكَرِيمُ أُحِبُّ عِبَادِيَ الْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ التَّائِبِينَ الرَّاغِبِينَ إِلَيَّ فِيمَا عِنْدِي
Allah-azwj Blessed and Exakted Said: “O Yaqoub-as! There has reached with you-as, O Yaqoub-as, and with your-as children, the erroneous, the peak of My-azwj Discipline. And if you-as, O Yaqoub-as had complained of your-as difficulties to Me-azwj during its descent with you-as, and sought Forgiveness and repented to Me-azwj of your-as sin, I-azwj would have Turned it away from you-as after My-azwj Determination of it upon you-as. But, the Satan-la made you-as forget My-azwj remembrance and you-as became despairing from My-azwj Mercy, and I-azwj am Allah-azwj, the Generous, the Benevolent. I-azwj Love My-azwj servants, the seekers of Forgiveness, the repentant, the desirous to was is with Me-azwj.
يَا يَعْقُوبُ أَنَا رَادٌّ إِلَيْكَ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخَاهُ وَ مُعِيدٌ إِلَيْكَ مَا ذَهَبَ مِنْ مَالِكَ وَ لَحْمِكَ وَ دَمِكَ وَ رَادٌّ إِلَيْكَ بَصَرَكَ وَ يَقُومُ لَكَ ظَهْرُكَ فَطِبْ نَفْساً وَ قَرَّ عَيْناً وَ إِنَّ الَّذِي فَعَلْتُهُ بِكَ كَانَ أَدَباً مِنِّي لَكَ فَاقْبَلْ أَدَبِي
“O Yaqoub-as! I-azwj will Return to you-as, Yusuf-as and his-as brother (Benyamin-as), and whatever has gone from your-as wealth, and your-as flesh, and your-as blood, and Return to you-as, your-as vision, and Straighten your-as back, and Cure you-as, and Delight your-as eyes. And that which I-azwj have Done with you-as was an education from Me-azwj to you-as. Therefore, accept My-azwj Education”.
وَ مَضَى وُلْدُ يَعْقُوبَ بِكِتَابِهِ نَحْوَ مِصْرَ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ فِي دَارِ الْمَمْلَكَةِ فَ قالُوا يا أَيُّهَا الْعَزِيزُ مَسَّنا وَ أَهْلَنَا الضُّرُّ وَ جِئْنا بِبِضاعَةٍ مُزْجاةٍ فَأَوْفِ لَنَا الْكَيْلَ وَ تَصَدَّقْ عَلَيْنا بِأَخِينَا ابْنِ يَامِينَ وَ هَذَا كِتَابُ أَبِينَا يَعْقُوبَ إِلَيْكَ فِي أَمْرِهِ يَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَمُنَّ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘And the sons of Yaqoub-as went with his-as letter to Egypt, until they came up to Yusuf-as in the House of the king. They said, ‘O Chief! Harm has touched us and our family and we came with merchandise of little value, but give us full measure and be charitable upon us [12:88] with our brother Benyamin-as. And this is a letter of our father-as Yaqoub-as to you-as with regards to his-as matter, asking you-as to clear his-as way, and confer him-as to him-as’.
قَالَ فَأَخَذَ يُوسُفُ كِتَابَ يَعْقُوبَ فَقَبَّلَهُ وَ وَضَعَهُ عَلَى عَيْنَيْهِ وَ بَكَى وَ انْتَحَبَ حَتَّى بَلَّتْ دُمُوعُهُ الْقَمِيصَ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَ قالَ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ ما فَعَلْتُمْ بِيُوسُفَ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ أَخِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدُ قالُوا أَ إِنَّكَ لَأَنْتَ يُوسُفُ قالَ أَنَا يُوسُفُ وَ هذا أَخِي قَدْ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنا قالُوا تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ آثَرَكَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنا فَلَا تَفْضَحْنَا وَ لَا تُعَاقِبْنَا الْيَوْمَ وَ اغْفِرْ لَنَا قالَ لا تَثْرِيبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ
He-asws said: ‘So Yusuf-as took the letter of Yaqoub-as, and kissed it, and placed it upon his-as eyes, and cried and wailed to the extent that his-as tears soaked the shirt which was upon him-as. Then he-as faced towards them, so he-as said: He said: ‘Do you know what you did with Yusuf and his brother [12:89] – afterwards?’ They said: ‘Are you indeed Yusuf?’ He said: ‘I am Yusuf and this is my brother (Benyamin). Allah has Conferred upon us [12:90] – therefore do not humiliate us and do not punish us today, and forgive us’. He said: ‘(There shall be) no reproach against you today. May Allah Forgive you [12:92]’’.[164]
130 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا قَالَ: لَمَّا قَالَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ يا أَيُّهَا الْعَزِيزُ مَسَّنا وَ أَهْلَنَا الضُّرُّ قَالَ قَالَ يُوسُفُ لَا صَبْرَ عَلَى ضُرِّ آلِ يَعْقُوبَ فَقَالَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ ما فَعَلْتُمْ بِيُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ الْآيَةَ
(P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)[165]
131 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ وَ جِئْنا بِبِضاعَةٍ مُزْجاةٍ قَالَ الْمُقْلُ
;Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ahmad Bin Muhammad,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about His-azwj Words: and we came with merchandise of little value, [12:88]. He-asws said: ‘Al-Maql (a fruit)’.
وَ فِي هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ وَ جِئْنَا بِبِضَاعَةٍ مُزْجِئَةٍ قَالَ كَانَتِ الْمُقْلَ وَ كَانَتْ بِلَادُهُمْ بِلَادَ الْمُقْلِ وَ هِيَ الْبِضَاعَةُ
And in this report: and we came with merchandise of little value, [12:88]. He-asws said: ‘It was Al-Maql (a fruit), and their city was a city of Al-Maql (fruits), and it is the merchandise’’.[166]
132 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: كَتَبَ يَعْقُوبُ النَّبِيُّ إِلَى يُوسُفَ مِنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ذَبِيحِ اللَّهِ ابْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِلَى عَزِيزِ مِصْرَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ لَمْ يَزَلِ الْبَلَاءُ سَرِيعاً إِلَيْنَا ابْتُلِيَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ جَدِّي فَأُلْقِيَ فِي النَّارِ ثُمَّ ابْتُلِيَ أَبِي إِسْحَاقُ بِالذَّبْحِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions, raising it, said,
‘Yaqoub-as the Prophet-as wrote to Yusuf-as: ‘From Yaqoub-as son-as of Is’haq-as, sacrifice of Allah-azwj, son-as of Ibrahim-as Friend of the beneficent, to the ruler of Egypt. However, We-as are people of a household, the afflictions do not cease to be quick to us. My-as grandfather-as Ibrahim-as was Tried, and was thrown into the fire. Then my-as father-as Is’haq was Tried by the sacrifice.
فَكَانَ لِيَ ابْنٌ وَ كَانَ قُرَّةَ عَيْنِي وَ كُنْتُ أُسَرُّ بِهِ فَابْتُلِيتُ بِأَنْ أَكَلَهُ الذِّئْبُ فَذَهَبَ بَصَرِي حُزْناً عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْبُكَاءِ وَ كَانَ لَهُ أَخٌ وَ كُنْتُ أُسَرُّ بِهِ بَعْدَهُ فَأَخَذْتَهُ فِي سَرَقٍ وَ إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ لَمْ نَسْرِقْ قَطُّ وَ لَا نُعْرَفُ بِالسَّرَقِ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تَمُنَّ عَلَيَّ بِهِ فَعَلْتَ
And there was a son-as for me-as, and he-as was the delight of my-as eyes and I-as used to be cheered with him-as. I-as was Tried with that the wolf ate him-as, so my-as eyesight has gone due to the grief upon him-as from the crying. And there was a brother-as for him-as and I-as used to be cheered with him-as after him-as, and you have seized him-as regarding the theft, and we-as are a people of the household, we do not steal at all, nor are we recognised with the theft. If you see fit, if you could confer upon me-as with him-as, then do so’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا أُتِيَ يُوسُفُ بِالْكِتَابِ فَتَحَهُ وَ قَرَأَهُ فَصَاحَ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَدَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ فَقَرَأَ وَ بَكَى ثُمَّ غَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى إِخْوَتِهِ ثُمَّ عَادَ فَقَرَأَهُ فَصَاحَ وَ بَكَى ثُمَّ قَامَ فَدَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ فَقَرَأَهُ وَ بَكَى ثُمَّ غَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ وَ عَادَ إِلَى إِخْوَتِهِ
He-asws said: ‘When the letter came to Yusuf-as, he-as opened it and read it and shrieked. Then he-as stood up and entered his-as house and read it, and cried. Then he-as washed his-as face, then went out to his-as brothers. Then he-as read it repeatedly (again), and shrieked and cried. Then he-as stood and entered his-as house, and read it and cried, then washed his-as face and returned to his-as brothers.
فَقَالَ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ ما فَعَلْتُمْ بِيُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ إِذْ أَنْتُمْ جاهِلُونَ وَ أَعْطَاهُمْ قَمِيصَهُ وَ هُوَ قَمِيصُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ كَانَ يَعْقُوبُ بِالرَّمْلَةِ فَلَمَّا فَصَلُوا بِالْقَمِيصِ مِنْ مِصْرَ قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ إِنِّي لَأَجِدُ رِيحَ يُوسُفَ لَوْ لا أَنْ تُفَنِّدُونِ قالُوا تَاللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَفِي ضَلالِكَ الْقَدِيمِ
He said: ‘Do you know what you did with Yusuf and his brother when you were ignorant?’ [12:89], and he-as gave them his-as shirt, and it is the shirt of Ibrahim-as, and Yaqoub-as was at Ramlah. When they were at a distance from Egypt with the shirt, Yaqoub-as said: ‘‘Surely I find the aroma of Yusuf, unless you deem me to be weak minded’ [12:94] They said: ‘By Allah! You are (still) in your old error’ [12:95]’’.[167]
133 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَيْسَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ وُلْدِ فَاطِمَةَ يَمُوتُ وَ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يُقِرَّ لِلْإِمَامِ بِإِمَامَتِهِ كَمَا أَقَرَّ وُلْدُ يَعْقُوبَ لِيُوسُفَ حِينَ قَالُوا تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ آثَرَكَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنا
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Mufazzal Bin Umar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There isn’t any many from the children of (Syeda) Fatima-asws who is dying, nor exiting from the world until he accepts to the Imam-asws of his-asws Imamate, just as the children of Yaqoub-as accepted to Yusuf-as when they said, By Allah! Allah has Preferred you over us, [12:91]’’.[168]
134 ل، الخصال ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام فِي أَسْئِلَةِ الشَّامِيِّ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ ع قَالَ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ أُدْخِلَ يُوسُفُ السِّجْنَ
‘Al-Khisaal’, ‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’, ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Among the questions of the Syrian to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, he-asws said: ‘On the day of Wednesday, Yusuf-as entered the prison’’.[169]
135 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ رَفَعَهُ بِإِسْنَادٍ لَهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ يَعْقُوبَ وَجَدَ رِيحَ قَمِيصِ يُوسُفَ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ عَشَرَةِ لَيَالٍ وَ كَانَ يَعْقُوبُ بِبَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ وَ يُوسُفُ بِمِصْرَ وَ هُوَ الْقَمِيصُ الَّذِي نَزَلَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَدَفَعَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ إِلَى إِسْحَاقَ وَ إِسْحَاقُ إِلَى يَعْقُوبَ وَ دَفَعَهُ يَعْقُوبُ إِلَى يُوسُفَ ع
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Muhammad Bin Ismail raising it by a chain of his, said,
‘Yaqoub-as felt the aroma of the shirt of Yusuf-as from a travel distance of ten nights, and Yaqoub-as was at Bayt Al Maqdis while Yusuf-as was at Egypt, and it is the shirt which had descended unto Ibrahim-as from the Paradise. Ibrahim-as handed it to Is’haq-as, and Is’haq-as to Yaqoub-as, and Yaqoub-as handed it to Yusuf-as’’.[170]
136 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ نَشِيطِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ الْبَجَلِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَ كَانَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ أَنْبِيَاءَ قَالَ لَا وَ لَا بَرَرَةً أَتْقِيَاءَ وَ كَيْفَ وَ هُمْ يَقُولُونَ لِأَبِيهِمْ يَعْقُوبَ تَاللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَفِي ضَلالِكَ الْقَدِيمِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Nasheet Bin Salih Al Bajaly who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Were the brothers of Yusuf-as Prophets-as?’ He-asws said: ‘No, nor righteous (or) pious, and how (can they be so) and they are saying to their father-as Yaqoub-as, They said: ‘By Allah! You are (still) in your old error’ [12:95]?’’.[171]
137 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ بَنِي يَعْقُوبَ بَعْدَ مَا صَنَعُوا بِيُوسُفَ أَذْنَبُوا فَكَانُوا أَنْبِيَاءَ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From one of our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The sons of Yaqoub-as, after doing what they did with Yusuf-as, so (how) can they be Prophets-as?’’.[172]
138 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُقَرِّنٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَتَبَ عَزِيزُ مِصْرَ إِلَى يَعْقُوبَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَهَذَا ابْنُكَ يُوسُفُ اشْتَرَيْتُهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ دَراهِمَ مَعْدُودَةٍ وَ اتَّخَذْتُهُ عَبْداً وَ هَذَا ابْنُكَ ابْنُ يَامِينَ أَخَذْتُهُ قَدْ سَرَقَ وَ اتَّخَذْتُهُ عَبْداً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Maqran,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The ruler of Egypt wrote to Yaqoub-as, ‘However, this son-as of yours-as Yusuf-as, I bought him-as for a cheap price, a number of Dirhams, and have taken him-as as a salve, this son-as of yours-as Benyamin-as, I seized him-as to have stolen and have taken him-as as a slave’.
قَالَ فَمَا وَرَدَ عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ شَيْءٌ أَشَدُّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابِ فَقَالَ لِلرَّسُولِ مَكَانَكَ حَتَّى أُجِيبَهُ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَعْقُوبُ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَقَدْ فَهِمْتُ كِتَابَكَ أَنَّكَ أَخَذْتَ ابْنِي بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ وَ اتَّخَذْتَهُ عَبْداً
He-asws said: ‘There wasn’t referred to Yaqoub-as anything more difficult upon him-as than that letter. He-as said to the messenger: ‘(Stay) in your place until I-as answer him’. Yaqoub-as wrote to him-as: ‘However, I-as have understood your letter mentioning in it that you bought my-as son-as and have taken him-as as a slave.
وَ أَنَّكَ اتَّخَذْتَ ابْنِي ابْنَ يَامِينَ وَ قَدْ سَرَقَ فَاتَّخَذْتَهُ عَبْداً فَإِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ لَا نَسْرِقُ وَ لَكِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ نُبْتَلَى وَ قَدِ ابْتُلِيَ أَبُونَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بِالنَّارِ فَوَقَاهُ اللَّهُ وَ ابْتُلِيَ أَبُونَا إِسْحَاقُ بِالذَّبْحِ فَوَقَاهُ اللَّهُ وَ إِنِّي قَدِ ابْتُلِيتُ بِذَهَابِ بَصَرِي وَ ذَهَابِ ابْنَيَّ وَ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَنِي بِهِمْ جَمِيعاً
And you have seized my-as son-as due to having stolen, so you took him-as as a slave. We are a people of a household, we do not steal, but we are a people of a household, who get Tried, and our father-as Ibrahim-as was Tried with the fire and Allah-azwj Saved him-as; and our father-as Is’haq was Tried with the slaughter and Allah-azwj Saved him-as; and I-as have been Tried with the loss of my-as sight and the loss of my-as son-as, and perhaps Allah-azwj will Give me both of them together’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا وَلَّى الرَّسُولُ عَنْهُ رَفَعَ يَدَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا حَسَنَ الصُّحْبَةِ يَا كَرِيمَ الْمَعُونَةِ يَا خَيْراً كُلُّهُ ائْتِنِي بِرَوْحٍ مِنْكَ وَ فَرَجٍ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ
‘He-asws said: ‘When the messenger turned (return) to the king with the letter of Yaqoub-as, Yaqoub-as raised his-as hands towards the sky and said: ‘O Excellent of the companionship! O Benevolent of the assistance! O Best God-azwj! Give me-as a Spirit from You-azwj, and Relief from You-azwj!’
قَالَ فَهَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ يَا يَعْقُوبُ أَ لَا أُعَلِّمُكَ دَعَوَاتٍ يَرُدُّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ بِهَا بَصَرَكَ وَ يَرُدُّ عَلَيْكَ ابْنَيْكَ فَقَالَ بَلَى
He-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as descended unto him-as and said to him-as: ‘O Yaqoub-as! Shall I-as teach you-as a supplication, Allah-azwj will Return to you-as your-as eyesight and both your-as sons-as?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ قُلْ يَا مَنْ لَا يَعْلَمُ أَحَدٌ كَيْفَ هُوَ وَ حَيْثُ هُوَ وَ قُدْرَتَهُ إِلَّا هُوَ يَا مَنْ سَدَّ الْهَوَاءَ بِالسَّمَاءِ وَ كَبَسَ الْأَرْضَ عَلَى الْمَاءِ وَ اخْتَارَ لِنَفْسِهِ أَحْسَنَ الْأَسْمَاءِ ائْتِنِي بِرَوْحٍ مِنْكَ وَ فَرَجٍ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ
He-as said: ‘Say: ‘O One Who no one knows How He-azwj is except Him-azwj! O One Who Blocks the sky with the air, and Presses the earth upon the water, and Chose for Himself-azwj the best of the skies! Give me-as a Spirit from You-azwj and Relief from You-azwj!”
فَمَا انْفَجَرَ عَمُودُ الصُّبْحِ حَتَّى أُتِيَ بِالْقَمِيصِ فَطُرِحَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَصَرَهُ وَ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِ وُلْدَهُ
He-asws said: ‘The columns of the morning had not burst (morning), before he-as was brought the shirt and he-as threw it upon him-as, and Allah-azwj Returned to him-as, his-as sight and his-as children’’.[173]
139 دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّ يَعْقُوبَ ع كَانَ اشْتَدَّ بِهِ الْحُزْنُ وَ رَفَعَ يَدَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ قَالَ يَا حَسَنَ الصُّحْبَةِ إِلَى آخِرِ الْخَبَرِ
‘Da’waat’ of Al Rawandy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘Yaqoub-as was gripped intensely by the grief and he-as raised his-as hands towards the say and said: ‘‘O Excellent of the companionship!’ – up to the end of the Hadeeth’’.[174]
140 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع عَادَ إِلَى الْحَدِيثِ الْأَوَّلِ الَّذِي قَطَعْنَاهُ قالَ لا تَثْرِيبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ اذْهَبُوا بِقَمِيصِي هذا الَّذِي بَلَّتْهُ دُمُوعُ عَيْنِي فَأَلْقُوهُ عَلى وَجْهِ أَبِي يَرْتَدَّ بَصِيراً لَوْ قَدْ شَمَّ بِرِيحِي وَ أْتُونِي بِأَهْلِكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ وَ رَدَّهُمْ إِلَى يَعْقُوبَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ جَهَّزَهُمْ بِجَمِيعِ مَا يَحْتَاجُونَ إِلَيْهِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, returning to the first Hadeeth which we cut off, he-asws said: ‘He said: ‘(There shall be) no reproach against you today. May Allah Forgive you [12:92] Go with this shirt of mine and cast it upon my father’s face, he would regain his vision, – and even if he-as has only smelt my-as aroma – and come to me with your family altogether’ [12:93], and returned them to Yaqoub-as during that very day, and provided them with the entirety of what they would be needy to.
فَلَمَّا فَصَلَتْ عِيرُهُمْ مِنْ مِصْرَ وَجَدَ يَعْقُوبُ رِيحَ يُوسُفَ فَقَالَ لِمَنْ بِحَضْرَتِهِ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ إِنِّي لَأَجِدُ رِيحَ يُوسُفَ لَوْ لا أَنْ تُفَنِّدُونِ
When the caravan departed from Egypt Yaqoub-as found the aroma of Yusuf-as and he-as said to the ones from his-as children in his-as presence: ‘Surely I find the aroma of Yusuf, unless you deem me to be weak minded’ [12:94]’.
قَالَ وَ أَقْبَلَ وُلْدُهُ يُحِثُّونَ السَّيْرَ بِالْقَمِيصِ فَرَحاً وَ سُرُوراً بِمَا رَأَوْا مِنْ حَالِ يُوسُفَ وَ الْمُلْكِ الَّذِي أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ وَ الْعِزِّ الَّذِي صَارُوا إِلَيْهِ فِي سُلْطَانِ يُوسُفَ وَ كَانَ مَسِيرُهُمْ مِنْ مِصْرَ إِلَى بَدْوِ [بَلَدِ] يَعْقُوبَ تِسْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ
He-asws said: ‘And his-as sons returned rushing the journey with the shirt, happy, cheerful due to what they had seen from the state of Yusuf-as and the kingdom which Allah-azwj had Given him-as, and the honour which they had been accommodated with in the rule of Yusuf-as; and their journey from Egypt to the valley of Yaqoub-as was of nine days.
فَلَمَّا أَنْ جاءَ الْبَشِيرُ أَلْقَى الْقَمِيصَ عَلى وَجْهِهِ فَارْتَدَّ بَصِيراً وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ مَا فَعَلَ ابْنُ يَامِيلَ قَالُوا خَلَّفْنَاهُ عِنْدَ أَخِيهِ صَالِحاً
When the glad tidings came, they cast the shirt upon his-as face and his-as eyesight returned, and he-as said to them: ‘What is done with Benyamin?’ They said, ‘We left him-as behind with his-as righteous brother’.
قَالَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ يَعْقُوبُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ سَجَدَ لِرَبِّهِ سَجْدَةَ الشُّكْرِ وَ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ بَصَرُهُ وَ تَقَوَّمَ لَهُ ظَهْرُهُ وَ قَالَ لِوُلْدِهِ تَحَمَّلُوا إِلَى يُوسُفَ فِي يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا بِأَجْمَعِكُمْ
He-asws said: ‘Yaqoub-as praised Allah-azwj during that and performed Sajdah of thanks to his-as Lord-azwj and his-as eyesight returned to him-as, and his-as back was strengthened for him-as, and he-as said to his-as children: ‘Carry me-as to Yusuf-as during this day of yours with all of you altogether’.
فَسَارُوا إِلَى يُوسُفَ وَ مَعَهُمْ يَعْقُوبُ وَ خَالَةُ يُوسُفَ يَامِيلُ فَأَحَثُّوا السَّيْرَ فَرَحاً وَ سُرُوراً فَسَارُوا تِسْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَى مِصْرَ
They travelled to Yusuf-as and with them was Yaqoub-as and the maternal aunt of Yusuf-as, Yameel. They hurriedly the journey happily and cheerfully, and they travelled to Egypt in nine days’’.[175]
141 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي فَقَالَ أَخَّرَهُمْ إِلَى السَّحَرِ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّمَا ذَنْبُهُمْ فِيمَا بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَهُمْ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: ‘Soon I will seek Forgiveness of my Lord for you all; [12:98]. He-asws said: ‘He-as delayed them to the pre-dawn’. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! But rather, their sin is regarding what is between me-as and them’. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “I-azwj have Forgiven them!”’.[176]
142 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي قَالَ أَخَّرَهُمْ إِلَى السَّحَرِ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: ‘Soon I will seek Forgiveness of my Lord for you all; [12:98]. He-asws said: ‘He-as delayed them to the pre-dawn of the night of Friday’’.[177]
143 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ فِي تَتِمَّةِ الْخَبَرِ الْأَوَّلِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: فَصَارُوا تِسْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَى مِصْرَ فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ فِي دَارِ الْمَلِكِ اعْتَنَقَ أَبَاهُ فَقَبَّلَهُ وَ بَكَى وَ رَفَعَهُ وَ رَفَعَ خَالَتَهُ عَلَى سَرِيرِ الْمُلْكِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ فَادَّهَنَ وَ اكْتَحَلَ وَ لَبِسَ ثِيَابَ الْعِزِّ وَ الْمُلْكِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer –
‘In the completion of the first Hadeeth from Abu Ja’far-asws, he-asws said: ‘They came to Egypt in nine days. When they entered to see Yusuf-as in the house of the king, he-as hugged his-as father-as and cried and raised him-as and raised his-as aunt upon the throne of the king. Then he-as entered his-as house and oiled, and applied kohl, and wore the honourable and kingly clothes.
ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ سَجَدُوا جَمِيعاً لَهُ إِعْظَاماً لَهُ وَ شُكْراً لِلَّهِ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ يا أَبَتِ هذا تَأْوِيلُ رُءْيايَ مِنْ قَبْلُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ إِخْوَتِي
Then he-as came out to them. When they saw him-as, they performed Sajdah to him-as altogether in reverence to him-as and thanks to Allah-azwj. During that he-as said: ‘O father! This is the interpretation of my dream of before – up to His-azwj Words: between me and my brothers. [12:100].
قَالَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُوسُفُ فِي تِلْكَ الْعِشْرِينَ السَّنَةَ يَدَّهِنُ وَ لَا يَكْتَحِلُ وَ لَا يَتَطَيَّبُ وَ لَا يَضْحَكُ وَ لَا يَمَسُّ النِّسَاءَ- حَتَّى جَمَعَ اللَّهُ يَعْقُوبَ ع شَمْلَهُ وَ جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ يَعْقُوبَ وَ إِخْوَتِهِ
He-asws said: ‘And during those twenty years Yusuf-as was neither oiling, nor applying kohl, not perfume, nor laughing, no touching the women until Allah-azwj Gathered to Yaqoub-as his-as family, and gathered between him-as and Yaqoub-as and his-as brothers’’.[178]
144 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع فِي كَمْ دَخَلَ يَعْقُوبُ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ عَلَى يُوسُفَ قَالَ فِي أَحَدَ عَشَرَ ابْناً لَهُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ أَسْبَاطٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Al Hassan Bin Asbaat who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws, ‘How many of his-as sons did Yaqoub-as entered upon to see Yusuf-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Eleven sons of his-as’. It was said to him-asws, ‘Were they tribes?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ يُوسُفَ وَ أَخِيهِ أَ كَانَ أَخَاهُ لِأُمِّهِ أَمْ ابْنَ خَالَتِهِ فَقَالَ ابْنَ خَالَتِهِ
And I asked him-asws about Yusuf-as and his-as brother (Benyamin-as). Was he-as a brother-as to him-as from his-as mother, or a son-as of his-as aunt?’ He-asws said: ‘Son-as of his-as aunt’’.[179]
145 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ رَفَعَ أَبَوَيْهِ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ قَالَ الْعَرْشُ السَّرِيرُ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: And he raised his parents upon the throne [12:100]. He-asws said: ‘The throne is the bed’.
وَ فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ خَرُّوا لَهُ سُجَّداً قَالَ كَانَ سُجُودُهُمْ ذَلِكَ عِبَادَةً لِلَّهِ
And regarding His-azwj Words: and they fell down to him in Sajdah to him, [12:100], he-asws said: ‘That Sajdah of theirs was a worship of Allah-azwj’’.[180]
146 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بِهْرُوزَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ لِيُوسُفَ حَيْثُ الْتَقَيَا أَخْبِرْنِي يَا بُنَيَّ كَيْفَ صُنِعَ بِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ انْطَلِقْ بِي فَأُقْعِدْتُ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْجُبِّ فَقِيلَ لِيَ انْزِعِ الْقَمِيصَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِوَجْهِ أَبِيَ الصِّدِّيقِ يَعْقُوبَ أَنْ لَا تُبْدُوا عَوْرَتِي وَ لَا تَسْلُبُونِي قَمِيصِي
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Muhammad Bin Bahrouz,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Yaqoub-as said to Yusuf-as when they-as met: ‘Inform me-as my-as son-as, how did they deal with you-as?’ Yusuf-as said to him-as: ‘They went with me-as to the top of the well and said to me, ‘Remove the shirt’. I-as said to them: ‘I-as ask you all for the sake of my-as father-as, the truthful Yaqoub-as not to expose my-as nakedness nor to remove my-as shirt’.
قَالَ فَأَخْرَجَ عَلَيَّ فُلَانٌ السِّكِّينَ فَغُشِيَ عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ قَالَ لَهُ يَعْقُوبُ حَدِّثْنِي كَيْفَ صُنِعَ بِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يُوسُفُ إِنِّي أُطَالَبُ يَا أَبَتَاهْ لَمَّا كَفَفْتَ فَكَفَ
He-as said, ‘So and so brought out the knife to me-as’. Yaqoub-as fainted. When he-as woke up, Yaqoub-as said to him-as: ‘Narrate to me-as what did they do with you-as?’ Yusuf-as said to him-as: ‘I-as ask O father-as, refrain!’ He-as refrained’’.[181]
147 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَعَثَ إِلَى يُوسُفَ وَ هُوَ فِي السِّجْنِ- يَا ابْنَ يَعْقُوبَ مَا أَسْكَنَكَ مَعَ الْخَطَّائِينَ قَالَ جُرْمِي قَالَ فَاعْتَرَفَ بِجُرْمِهِ فَأُخْرِجَ- فَاعْتَرَفَ بِمَجْلِسِهِ مِنْهَا مَجْلِسَ الرَّجُلِ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Is’haq Bin Yasaar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Sent a Message to Yusuf-as while he-as was in the prison: “O son-as of Yaqoub-as! What made you dwell with the erroneous ones?” He-as said: ‘My-as crime’’. He-azwj Said: “Acknowledge his (your) crime and come out!” He-as acknowledged with his-as sitting from her a sitting from his wife.
فَقَالَ لَهُ ادْعُ بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ يَا كَبِيرَ كُلِّ كَبِيرٍ يَا مَنْ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ لَا وَزِيرَ يَا خَالِقَ الشَّمْسِ وَ الْقَمَرِ الْمُنِيرِ يَا عِصْمَةَ الْمُضْطَرِّ الضَّرِيرِ يَا قَاصِمَ كُلِّ جَبَّارٍ عَنِيدٍ يَا مُغْنِيَ الْبَائِسِ الْفَقِيرِ يَا جَابِرَ الْعَظْمِ الْكَسِيرِ يَا مُطْلِقَ الْمُكَبَّلِ الْأَسِيرِ أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِي مِنْ أَمْرِي فَرَجاً وَ مَخْرَجاً وَ تَرْزُقَنِي مِنْ حَيْثُ أَحْتَسِبُ وَ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا أَحْتَسِبُ
He-azwj Said to him-as: “Supplicate with this supplication: ‘O Great One! O Great One! O One there is no associate for Him-azwj nor a minister. O Creator of the sun, and the radiant moon, O Protector of the desperate, the blind! O Breaker of every tyrant! O Enricher of the destitute, the poor! O Subduer, the Breaker! O Absolute, the Freer of the prisoner! I-as ask You-azwj by the right of Muhammad-saww and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww to Make a relief to be for me-as from my-as affair, and a way out, and Grace me-as from where I-as anticipate and from where I-as do not anticipate’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ دَعَاهُ الْمَلِكُ فَخَلَّى سَبِيلَهُ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ وَ قَدْ أَحْسَنَ بِي إِذْ أَخْرَجَنِي مِنَ السِّجْنِ
He-asws said: ‘When it was morning, the king called him-as and freed his-as way, and that is His-azwj Word: and He was Good with me when they brought me out from the prison [12:100]’’.[182]
148 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَبَّاسِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جَالِسٌ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ إِذْ قَالَ أَحَبَّ يُوسُفُ أَنْ يَسْتَوْثِقَ لِنَفْسِهِ
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Abbas Bin Yazeed who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘While Rasool-Allah-saww was seated among the people of his-as household, when he-saww said: ‘I-saww would have loved Yusuf-as if he-as had been certain of himself-as’’.
قَالَ فَقِيلَ بِمَا ذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ لَمَّا عَزَلَ لَهُ عَزِيزُ مِصْرَ عَنْ مِصْرَ لَبِسَ ثَوْبَيْنِ جَدِيدَيْنِ أَوْ قَالَ لَطِيفَيْنِ وَ خَرَجَ إِلَى فَلَاةٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ فَصَلَّى رَكَعَاتٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ رَفَعَ يَدَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ رَبِّ قَدْ آتَيْتَنِي مِنَ الْمُلْكِ وَ عَلَّمْتَنِي مِنْ تَأْوِيلِ الْأَحادِيثِ فاطِرَ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ أَنْتَ وَلِيِّي فِي الدُّنْيا وَ الْآخِرَةِ
He-asws said: ‘It was said, ‘With what, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘When the ruler of Egypt segregated for him-as, he-as wore two new clothes’ – or said: ‘Gracious’ – ‘And he-as came out to the wilderness from the land and prayed two Cycles Salat. When he-as was free, he-as raised his-as hands towards the sky and said: Lord! You have Given me from the kingdom and Taught me from the interpretation of the events. Originator of the skies and the earth! You are my Guardian in the world and the Hereafter. [12:101]’’.
قَالَ فَهَبَطَ إِلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا يُوسُفُ مَا حَاجَتُكَ فَقَالَ رَبِ تَوَفَّنِي مُسْلِماً وَ أَلْحِقْنِي بِالصَّالِحِينَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع خَشِيَ الْفِتَنَ
He-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as descended to him-as and said to him-as: ‘O Yusuf-as! What is your-as need?’ He-as said: ‘Lord-azwj! Cause me to die a submitter and join me with the righteous ones’ [12:101]’. Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘He-as feared the temptation’’.
Note –
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: طَمِعَتْ فِيهِ وَ طَمِعَ فِيهَا وَ كَانَ طَمَعَهُ فِيهَا أَنَّهُ هَمَّ أَنْ يَحِلَّ التِّكَّةَ
Abu Ja’far Al-Baqir-asws said by his-asws chain from Ali-asws having said: ‘She (Zuleykha) desired him (Yusuf-as), and he-as desired her, and his-as desire regarding her was that he-as thought of loosening the waistband’.
وَ لَقَدْ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ أَبِيهِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: هَمَّتْ بِأَنْ تَفْعَلَ وَ هَمَّ بِأَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ
And it is narrated to me by my father from his father Al-Sadiq-asws, he said: ‘She thought of doing it and he-as thought that he-as will not do it’.
CHAPTER 10 – STORY OF AYOUB-as
الآيات الأنبياء وَ أَيُّوبَ إِذْ نادى رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَسَّنِيَ الضُّرُّ وَ أَنْتَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al-Anbiyah: And Ayoub, when he called out to his Lord: ‘I am touched by the harm and You are the most Merciful of the merciful ones’ [21:83]
فَاسْتَجَبْنا لَهُ فَكَشَفْنا ما بِهِ مِنْ ضُرٍّ وَ آتَيْناهُ أَهْلَهُ وَ مِثْلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ رَحْمَةً مِنْ عِنْدِنا وَ ذِكْرى لِلْعابِدِينَ
So We Answered to him, and We Removed whatever from harm there was with him, and We Gave him (back) his family and the like of them along with them, being a Mercy from Us and a Zikr for the worshippers [21:84]
ص وَ اذْكُرْ عَبْدَنا أَيُّوبَ إِذْ نادى رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَسَّنِيَ الشَّيْطانُ بِنُصْبٍ وَ عَذابٍ
(Surah) Suad: And remember Our servant Ayoub, when he called out to his Lord: ‘The Satan has touched me with toil and torment!’ [38:41]
ارْكُضْ بِرِجْلِكَ هذا مُغْتَسَلٌ بارِدٌ وَ شَرابٌ
(We Said): “Walk toward it as this would be a cool washing-place and a drink” [38:42]
وَ وَهَبْنا لَهُ أَهْلَهُ وَ مِثْلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ رَحْمَةً مِنَّا وَ ذِكْرى لِأُولِي الْأَلْبابِ
And We Granted to him, his family and the like of them, along with them, as a Mercy from Us and (for it to be) a Reminder for those who have the understanding [38:43]
وَ خُذْ بِيَدِكَ ضِغْثاً فَاضْرِبْ بِهِ وَ لا تَحْنَثْ إِنَّا وَجَدْناهُ صابِراً نِعْمَ الْعَبْدُ إِنَّهُ أَوَّابٌ
(We Said): “And take a green branch in your hand and strike with it and do not break your oath!” We Found him to be patient, the excellent servant. He was penitent [38:44]
1- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ النَّوَّاءِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَبْتَلِي الْمُؤْمِنَ بِكُلِّ بَلِيَّةٍ وَ يُمِيتُهُ بِكُلِّ مِيتَةٍ وَ لَا يَبْتَلِيهِ بِذَهَابِ عَقْلِهِ أَ مَا تَرَى أَيُّوبَ كَيْفَ سُلِّطَ إِبْلِيسُ عَلَى مَالِهِ وَ عَلَى وُلْدِهِ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ وَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ وَ لَمْ يُسَلَّطْ عَلَى عَقْلِهِ تُرِكَ لَهُ لِيُوَحِّدَ اللَّهَ بِهِ
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Usman Al Nawwa’a, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Afflicts the Momin with every affliction, and Causes him to die with every (kind of) death, but He-azwj does not Afflict him with the departure of his intellect. But, do you not see Ayoub-as how Iblees-la overcame upon his-as wealth, and upon his-as children, and upon his-as wife, and upon everything from him-saww but could not overcome upon his-as intellect. It was left for him-as in order for him to (understand) the Oneness of Allah-azwj with it’’.[183]
2- كا، الكافي حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى مَوْلَى آلِ سَامٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ تُؤْتَى بِالْمَرْأَةِ الْحَسْنَاءِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ الَّتِي قَدِ افْتُتِنَتْ فِي حُسْنِهَا فَتَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ حَسَّنْتَ خَلْقِي حَتَّى لَقِيتُ مَا لَقِيتُ فَيُجَاءُ بِمَرْيَمَ ع فَيُقَالُ أَنْتِ أَحْسَنُ أَوْ هَذِهِ قَدْ حَسَّنَّاهَا فَلَمْ تُفْتَتَنْ
‘Al Kafi’ – Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad al Kindy, from Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Maysami, from Aban Bin Usman, from Abdul A’ala a slave of the family of Saam who said,
‘On the Day of Qiyamah, they will bring a beautiful woman who had done Fitna (mischief) due to her beauty. She will say, ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj Created me beautiful until I did what I did. They will come with Maryam-as and say to her, ‘Are you more beautiful or her-as? She-as had beauty in her-as but did not do Fitna (mischief)’.
وَ يُجَاءُ بِالرَّجُلِ الْحَسَنِ الَّذِي قَدِ افْتُتِنَ فِي حُسْنِهِ فَيَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ حَسَّنْتَ خَلْقِي حَتَّى لَقِيتُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَا لَقِيتُ فَيُجَاءُ بِيُوسُفَ وَ يُقَالُ أَنْتَ أَحْسَنُ أَوْ هَذَا قَدْ حَسَّنَّاهُ فَلَمْ يُفْتَتَنْ
And they would come with the handsome man who had done Fitna (mischief) due to his beauty. He will say, ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj Created me with beauty until I did with the women what I did. They will bring Yusuf-as and say, ‘Are you more handsome or he-as is? He-as had beauty but did not do Fitna (mischief)’.
وَ يُجَاءُ بِصَاحِبِ الْبَلَاءِ الَّذِي قَدْ أَصَابَتْهُ الْفِتْنَةُ فِي بَلَائِهِ فَيَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ شَدَّدْتَ عَلَيَّ الْبَلَاءَ حَتَّى افْتُتِنْتُ فَيُؤْتَى بِأَيُّوبَ فَيُقَالُ أَ بَلِيَّتُكَ أَشَدُّ أَوْ بَلِيَّةُ هَذَا فَقَدِ ابْتُلِيَ فَلَمْ يُفْتَتَنْ
And they will come with the afflicted person who had been involved in Fitna (mischief) due to his afflictions. He will say, ‘O Lord-azwj! The intensity of the afflictions upon me were such that I did Fitna (mischief)’. They would come with Ayoub-as. They would say, ‘Were your afflictions more severe or his-as afflictions? He-as was in afflictions but did not do Fitna (mischief)’’.[184]
3- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بَحْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ بَلِيَّةِ أَيُّوبَ ع الَّتِي ابْتُلِيَ بِهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ كَانَتْ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Ibn Fazal, from Abdullah Bin Bahr, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the afflictions of Ayoub-as which Ayoub-as was afflicted with in the world, for which reason were it?’
قَالَ لِنِعْمَةٍ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ أَدَّى شُكْرَهَا وَ كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ لَا يُحْجَبُ إِبْلِيسُ عَنْ دُونِ الْعَرْشِ فَلَمَّا صَعِدَ وَ رَأَى شُكْرَ نِعْمَةِ أَيُّوبَ حَسَدَهُ إِبْلِيسُ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ أَيُّوبَ لَمْ يُؤَدِّ إِلَيْكَ شُكْرَ هَذِهِ النِّعْمَةِ إِلَّا بِمَا أَعْطَيْتَهُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ لَوْ حَرَمْتَهُ دُنْيَاهُ مَا أَدَّى إِلَيْكَ شُكْرَ نِعْمَةٍ أَبَداً فَسَلِّطْنِي عَلَى دُنْيَاهُ حَتَّى تَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّي إِلَيْكَ شُكْرَ نِعْمَةٍ أَبَداً
He-asws said: ‘Due to the Bounties Allah-azwj had Favoured upon him-as with in the world, and he-as gave its thanks; and it was so during that era, Iblees-la was not barred from below the Throne. When he-la ascended and saw the thanks of Ayoub-as of the favours, Iblees-la envied him-as and said, ‘O Lord-azwj! Ayoub-as, did not give thanks to You-azwj of these Bounties except due to what You-azwj Gave him-as from the world, and if You-azwj were to Prohibit his-as world, he-as would not give thanks for any Bounty ever! Allow me-la to overcome upon his-as world until You-azwj Know that he-as will not give thanks to You-azwj for any Bounty, ever!’
فَقِيلَ لَهُ قَدْ سَلَّطْتُكَ عَلَى مَالِهِ وَ وُلْدِهِ
He-azwj Said to him-la: “I-azwj hereby (let you-la overcome upon his-as wealth and his-as children”.
قَالَ فَانْحَدَرَ إِبْلِيسُ فَلَمْ يُبْقِ لَهُ مَالًا وَ لَا وَلَداً إِلَّا أَعْطَبَهُ فَازْدَادَ أَيُّوبُ لِلَّهِ شُكْراً وَ حَمْداً
He-asws said: ‘Iblees-la rolled down, and there did not remain any wealth, nor any child except he-as ruined it, but Ayoub-as increased thanking and praising Allah-azwj’.
فَقَالَ فَسَلِّطْنِي عَلَى زَرْعِهِ يَا رَبِّ قَالَ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ
He-la said: ‘(Allow) me-la to overcome upon his-as farm, O Lord-azwj!’ He-azwj Said: “I-azwj have Done so!”
فَجَاءَ مَعَ شَيَاطِينِهِ فَنَفَخَ فِيهِ فَاحْتَرَقَ فَازْدَادَ أَيُّوبُ لِلَّهِ شُكْراً وَ حَمْداً
He-as came along with his-as satans-la and blew into it, and it was incinerated, but Ayoub-as increased thanking and praising Allah-azwj.
فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ سَلِّطْنِي عَلَى غَنَمِهِ فَسَلَّطَهُ عَلَى غَنَمِهِ فَأَهْلَكَهَا فَازْدَادَ أَيُّوبُ لِلَّهِ شُكْراً وَ حَمْداً
He-la said: ‘O Lord-azwj! (Allow) me-la to overcome upon his-as sheep’. He-la destroyed it, but Ayoub-as increased thanking and praising Allah-azwj.
فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ سَلِّطْنِي عَلَى بَدَنِهِ فَسَلَّطَهُ عَلَى بَدَنِهِ مَا خَلَا عَقْلَهُ وَ عَيْنَيْهِ فَنَفَخَ فِيهِ إِبْلِيسُ فَصَارَ قَرْحَةً وَاحِدَةً مِنْ قَرْنِهِ إِلَى قَدَمِهِ فَبَقِيَ فِي ذَلِكَ دَهْراً طَوِيلًا يَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ وَ يَشْكُرُهُ حَتَّى وَقَعَ فِي بَدَنِهِ الدُّودُ وَ كَانَتْ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَدَنِهِ فَيَرُدُّهَا وَ يَقُولُ لَهَا ارْجِعِي إِلَى مَوْضِعِكِ الَّذِي خَلَقَكِ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ وَ نَتُنَ حَتَّى أَخْرَجَهُ أَهْلُ الْقَرْيَةِ مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ وَ أَلْقَوْهُ عَلَى الْمَزْبَلَةِ خَارِجَ الْقَرْيَةِ
He-la said, ‘O Lord-azwj! (Allow me-la) to overcome upon his-as body’. He-la overcame upon his-as body apart from his-as intellect and his-as eyes. Iblees-la blew into him-as, and there became a single ulcer from his-as head to his-as feet, and he-as remain in that for a long time, praising Allah-azwj and thanking Him-azwj until the insect occurred in his-as body, and used to come out from his-as body. He-as would return it and was saying to it: ‘Return to your place which Allah-azwj Created you from, and he-as stank to the extent that the people of the town expelled him-as from the town and threw him-as upon the rubbish dump outside the town.
وَ كَانَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ رَحْمَةَ بِنْتَ يُوسُفَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ عَلَيْهَا تَتَصَدَّقُ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَ تَأْتِيهِ بِمَا تَجِدُهُ
And his-as wife was Rahmat daughter of Yusuf-as Bin Yaqoub-as Bin Ibrahim-as Friend of Allah-azwj, and upon her were the charitable donations from the people, and she would come to him-as with whatever she could find.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا طَالَ عَلَيْهِ الْبَلَاءُ وَ رَأَى إِبْلِيسُ صَبْرَهُ أَتَى أَصْحَاباً لَهُ كَانُوا رُهْبَاناً فِي الْجِبَالِ وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ مُرُّوا بِنَا إِلَى هَذَا الْعَبْدِ الْمُبْتَلَى فَنَسْأَلَهُ عَنْ بَلِيَّتِهِ فَرَكِبُوا بِغَالًا شُهْباً وَ جَاءُوا فَلَمَّا دَنَوْا مِنْهُ نَفَرَتْ بِغَالُهُمْ مِنْ نَتْنِ رِيحِهِ
He-asws said: ‘When the afflictions were prolonged upon him-as and Iblees-la saw his-as patience, he-la came to companions of his-as who were monks in the mountain and said to them, ‘Come, let us pass by this afflicted servant and ask him-as about his-as afflictions’. They rode grey mules and came to him-as. When they were near him-as, their mules fled from the stench of his-as smell.
فَقَرَنُوا بَعْضاً إِلَى بَعْضٍ ثُمَّ مَشَوْا إِلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ فِيهِمْ شَابٌّ حَدَثُ السِّنِّ فَقَعَدُوا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا يَا أَيُّوبُ لَوْ أَخْبَرْتَنَا بِذَنْبِكَ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ يُهْلِكُنَا إِذَا سَأَلْنَاهُ وَ مَا نَرَى ابْتِلَاءَكَ الَّذِي لَمْ يُبْتَلَ بِهِ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا مِنْ أَمْرٍ كُنْتَ تَسْتُرُهُ
They joined up with each other then walked towards him-as; and among them was a youth of young age and they sat down to him-as and said, ‘O Ayoub-as! If you-as could inform us of your-as sin lest Allah-azwj were to Destroy us (if we do the same) when we ask Him-azwj, and what we see you-as afflictions which no one has been afflicted with except from a matter he would veil it’.
فَقَالَ أَيُّوبُ وَ عِزَّةِ رَبِّي إِنَّهُ لَيَعْلَمُ أَنِّي مَا أَكَلْتُ طَعَاماً إِلَّا وَ يَتِيمٌ أَوْ ضَعِيفٌ يَأْكُلُ مَعِي وَ مَا عَرَضَ لِي أَمْرَانِ كِلَاهُمَا طَاعَةٌ لِلَّهِ إِلَّا أَخَذْتُ بِأَشَدِّهِمَا عَلَى بَدَنِي
Ayoub-as said: ‘By the Mighty of my-as Lord-azwj! He-azwj Knows I-as did not eat any meal except and an orphan or a guest ate with me-as, and not two matters were presented to me-as, both of them beginning obedience to Allah-azwj, except I-as took with the severer of two upon my-as body’.
فَقَالَ الشَّابُّ سَوْأَةً لَكُمْ عَمَدْتُمْ إِلَى نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ فَعَيَّرْتُمُوهُ حَتَّى أَظْهَرَ مِنْ عِبَادَةِ رَبِّهِ مَا كَانَ يَسْتُرُهَا
The youth said, ‘It is evil of you all! You deliberated to a Prophet-as of Allah-azwj and faulting him-as until he-as manifested from the worship of his-as Lord-azwj what he-as used to veil it?’
فَقَالَ أَيُّوبُ يَا رَبِّ لَوْ جَلَسْتُ مَجْلِسَ الْحَكَمِ مِنْكَ لَأَدْلَيْتُ بِحُجَّتِي فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ غَمَامَةً فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّوبُ أَدْلِنِي بِحُجَّتِكَ فَقَدْ أَقْعَدْتُكَ مَقْعَدَ الْحَكَمِ وَ هَا أَنَا ذَا قَرِيبٌ وَ لَمْ أَزَلْ
Ayoub-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! If I-as were to sit in the gathering of the Judgment from You-azwj, I-as would deal out justice by my-as arguments’. Allah-azwj Sent a cloud to him-as and Said: “O Ayoub-as! Indicate to Me-azwj by your-as arguments, for I-azwj have Seated you-as in the seat of the judgment, and here I-azwj am with nearness and do not cease to be!”
فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّكَ لَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَعْرِضْ لِي أَمْرَانِ قَطُّ كِلَاهُمَا لَكَ طَاعَةٌ إِلَّا أَخَذْتُ بِأَشَدِّهِمَا عَلَى نَفْسِي أَ لَمْ أَحْمَدْكَ أَ لَمْ أَشْكُرْكَ أَ لَمْ أُسَبِّحْكَ
He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj Know that no two matters are presented to me-as at all, both of them being in Your-azwj obedience, except I-as have always taken with the severer of the two upon myself-as, did I-as not praise You-azwj? Did I-as not thank You-azwj? Did I-as not glorify You-azwj?’
قَالَ فَنُودِيَ مِنَ الْغَمَامَةِ بِعَشَرَةِ آلَافِ لِسَانٍ يَا أَيُّوبُ مَنْ صَيَّرَكَ تَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ وَ النَّاسُ عَنْهُ غَافِلُونَ وَ تَحْمَدُهُ وَ تُسَبِّحُهُ وَ تُكَبِّرُهُ وَ النَّاسُ عَنْهُ غَافِلُونَ أَ تَمُنُّ عَلَى اللَّهِ بِمَا لِلَّهِ الْمَنُّ فِيهِ عَلَيْكَ
He-asws said: ‘There was a Call from the cloud in ten thousand tongues (languages): “O Ayoub-as! Who can be (like) you-as worshipping Allah-azwj while the people are heedless from Him-azwj? And you-as praise Him-azwj and glorify Him-azwj and extol His-azwj Greatness while the people are heedless from him? Are you-as conferring (favour) upon Allah-azwj with what is the Favour of Allah-azwj upon you-as in it?”
قَالَ فَأَخَذَ أَيُّوبُ التُّرَابَ فَوَضَعَهُ فِي فِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَكَ الْعُتْبَى يَا رَبِّ أَنْتَ الَّذِي فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ بِي
He-asws said: ‘Ayoub-as took some soil and placed it in his-as mouth, then said: ‘For You-azwj is the Pleasure, O Lord-azwj! You-azwj are the One-azwj Who Did that with me-as’.
قَالَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكاً فَرَكَضَ بِرِجْلِهِ فَخَرَجَ الْمَاءُ فَغَسَّلَهُ بِذَلِكَ الْمَاءِ فَعَادَ أَحْسَنَ مَا كَانَ وَ أَطْرَأَ وَ أَنْبَتَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ رَوْضَةً خَضْرَاءَ وَ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِ أَهْلَهُ وَ مَالَهُ وَ وُلْدَهُ وَ زَرْعَهُ وَ قَعَدَ مَعَهُ الْمَلَكُ يُحَدِّثُهُ وَ يُؤْنِسُهُ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Sent down an Angel and he kicked with his leg and the water came out, and he-as bathed with that water. His-as beauty returned to what it used to be and the aroma, and Allah-azwj Grew a green garden upon it, and Returned upon him-as, his-as family, and his-as wealth, and his-as children, and his-as farm, and the Angel sat with him-as, discussing with him-as and comforting him-as.
فَأَقْبَلَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ وَ مَعَهَا الْكِسَرُ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَتْ إِلَى الْمَوْضِعِ إِذاً الْمَوْضِعُ مُتَغَيِّرٌ وَ إِذاً رَجُلَانِ جَالِسَانِ فَبَكَتْ وَ صَاحَتْ وَ قَالَتْ يَا أَيُّوبُ مَا دَهَاكَ فَنَادَاهَا أَيُّوبُ فَأَقْبَلَتْ فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ وَ قَدْ رَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَدَنَهُ وَ نِعْمَتَهُ سَجَدَتْ لِلَّهِ شُكْراً
His-as wife came and with her was the meaty bone (as food). When she ended up to the place, found the place to have changed and there were two men seated. She cried and shouted and said, ‘O Ayoub-as! What happened to you-as?’ Ayoub-as called out at her, and she came back. When she saw him-as, and Allah-azwj had returned to him-as his-as (previous) body, and his-as bounties, she did Sajdah of thanks to Allah-azwj.
فَرَأَى ذَوَائِبَهَا مَقْطُوعَةً وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهَا سَأَلَتْ قَوْماً أَنْ يُعْطُوهَا مَا تَحْمِلُهُ إِلَى أَيُّوبَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَ كَانَتْ حَسَنَةَ الذُّؤَابَةِ فَقَالُوا لَهَا تَبِيعِينَّا ذُؤَابَتَكِ هَذِهِ حَتَّى نُعْطِيَكِ فَقَطَعَتْهَا وَ دَفَعَتْهَا إِلَيْهِمْ وَ أَخَذَتْ مِنْهُمْ طَعَاماً لِأَيُّوبَ فَلَمَّا رَآهَا مَقْطُوعَةَ الشَّعْرِ غَضِبَ وَ حَلَفَ عَلَيْهَا أَنْ يَضْرِبَهَا مِائَةً
He-as saw her hair to have been cut off, and that is because she had asked a people to give her from the food what she could carry to Ayoub-as, and her hair was beautiful. They said to her, ‘Sell this hair of yours to us and we shall give you’. She cut it off and handed it over to them, and took from them food for Ayoub-as. When he-as saw her hair cut off, he-as was angry and swore to her that he-as would hit her a hundred times.
فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ سَبَبُهُ كَيْتَ وَ كَيْتَ فَاغْتَمَّ أَيُّوبُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ خُذْ بِيَدِكَ ضِغْثاً فَاضْرِبْ بِهِ وَ لا تَحْنَثْ فَأَخَذَ مِائَةَ شِمْرَاخٍ فَضَرَبَهَا ضَرْبَةً وَاحِدَةً فَخَرَجَ مِنْ يَمِينِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ وَهَبْنا لَهُ أَهْلَهُ وَ مِثْلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ رَحْمَةً مِنَّا وَ ذِكْرى لِأُولِي الْأَلْبابِ
She informed him-as that its reason was such and such. Ayoub-as was gloomy from that. Allah-azwj revealed to him: “And take a green branch in your hand and strike with it and do not break your oath!” [38:44]. He-as grabbed a hundred branches and struck her once, and exited from his-as oath. Then He-azwj Said: And We Granted to him, his family and the like of them, along with them, as a Mercy from Us and (for it to be) a Reminder for those who have the understanding [38:43].
قَالَ فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ أَهْلَهُ الَّذِينَ مَاتُوا قَبْلَ الْبَلِيَّةِ وَ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِ أَهْلَهُ الَّذِينَ مَاتُوا بَعْدَ مَا أَصَابَهُمُ الْبَلَاءُ كُلَّهُمْ أَحْيَاهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَهُ فَعَاشُوا مَعَهُ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Returned unto him-as his-as family, those who had died before the afflictions, and returned unto him-as his-as family those who had died after what had afflicted them of the affliction. Allah-azwj the Exalted Revived all of them for him-as and they live with him-as.
وَ سُئِلَ أَيُّوبُ بَعْدَ مَا عَافَاهُ اللَّهُ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ كَانَ أَشَدَّ عَلَيْكَ مِمَّا مَرَّ عَلَيْكَ قَالَ شَمَاتَةُ الْأَعْدَاءِ
And Ayoub-as was asked after Allah-azwj had restored his-as health, ‘Which thing was the severest upon you-as from what has passed upon you-as?’ He-as said: ‘Gloating of the enemies’.
قَالَ فَأَمْطَرَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فِي دَارِهِ فَرَاشَ الذَّهَبِ وَ كَانَ يَجْمَعُهُ فَإِذَا ذَهَبَ الرِّيحُ مِنْهُ بِشَيْءٍ عَدَا خَلْفَهُ فَرَدَّهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ مَا تَشْبَعُ يَا أَيُّوبُ قَالَ وَ مَنْ يَشْبَعُ مِنْ رِزْقِ رَبِّهِ
Allah-azwj Rained upon him-as in his-as house, butterflies of gold, and he-as would gather it, and whenever the wind blew away something from it, he-as would go after it and return it. Jibraeel-as said to him: ‘Are you-as not satiated, O Ayoub-as?’ He-as said: ‘And who can be satiated from the sustenance of his Lord-azwj?’’[185]
4- ع، علل الشرائع مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ بَلِيَّةُ أَيُّوبَ الَّتِي ابْتُلِيَ بِهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا لِنِعْمَةٍ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ بِهَا عَلَيْهِ فَأَدَّى شُكْرَهَا وَ كَانَ إِبْلِيسُ فِي ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ لَا يُحْجَبُ دُونَ الْعَرْشِ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ayoub, from Abu Baseer,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘But rather, the affliction of Ayoub which he-as was afflicted with in the world was for the Bounties which Allah-azwj had Favoured him-as with, so he-as left its appreciation. And Iblees-la during that era was not veiled, below the Throne.
فَلَمَّا صَعِدَ عَمَلُ أَيُّوبَ بِأَدَاءِ شُكْرِ النِّعْمَةِ حَسَدَهُ إِبْلِيسُ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ أَيُّوبَ لَمْ يُؤَدِّ شُكْرَ هَذِهِ النِّعْمَةِ إِلَّا بِمَا أَعْطَيْتَهُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا فَلَوْ حُلْتَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ دُنْيَاهُ مَا أَدَّى إِلَيْكَ شُكْرَ نِعْمَةٍ
When the deeds of Ayoub-as ascended due to his-as appreciation for it, Iblees-la envied him-as, and he-la said, ‘O Lord-azwj! Ayoub-as does not leave appreciating for these Bounties except for You-azwj having Favoured him-as with what You-azwj have Given to him-as in the world. If You-azwj were to dissolve between him-as and his-as world, he-as would not show appreciation for the Bounties. Let me-la overcome his-as world until You-azwj Know that he-as does not show appreciation for Your-azwj Bounties’.
فَسَلِّطْنِي عَلَى دُنْيَاهُ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّي شُكْرَ نِعْمَةٍ فَقَالَ قَدْ سَلَّطْتُكَ عَلَى دُنْيَاهُ فَلَمْ يَدَعْ لَهُ دُنْيَا وَ لَا وَلَداً إِلَّا أَهْلَكَ كُلَّ ذَلِكَ وَ هُوَ يَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ أَيُّوبَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ سَتَرُدُّ إِلَيْهِ دُنْيَاهُ الَّتِي أَخَذْتَهَا مِنْهُ فَسَلِّطْنِي عَلَى بَدَنِهِ حَتَّى تَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّي شُكْرَ نِعْمَةٍ
He-azwj Said: “You-la can overcome upon his-as world”. He-la did not leave for him-as his-as world, nor children except that he-la destroyed it. All that (was taking place) and he-as was Praising Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. Then he-la returned to Him-azwj, and he-la said, ‘O Lord-azwj! Surely, Ayoub-as knows that You-azwj will be Returning to him-as his-as world which I-la have taken away from him-as, therefore let me-la overcome his-as body until You-azwj Know that he-as would not leave appreciation for the Bounties’.
قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ سَلَّطْتُكَ عَلَى بَدَنِهِ مَا عَدَا عَيْنَيْهِ وَ قَلْبَهُ وَ لِسَانَهُ وَ سَمْعَهُ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “You-la can overcome over his-as body, except for his-as eyes, and his-as heart, and his-as tongues, and his-as hearing.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَانْقَضَّ مُبَادِراً خَشْيَةَ أَنْ تُدْرِكَهُ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَيَحُولَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُ فَنَفَخَ فِي مَنْخِرَيْهِ مِنْ نَارِ السَّمُومِ فَصَارَ جَسَدُهُ نُقَطاً نُقَطاً
Abu Baseer (the narrator) said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘But he-la turned down the initiative fearing that the Mercy of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic might reach him-as, and be a barrier between him-la and him-as. So, he-la blew into his-as from toxic fire, and his-as body became with dots, dots, (dotted)’’.[186]
5- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الْمَاضِيَ ع عَنْ بَلِيَّةِ أَيُّوبَ الَّتِي ابْتُلِيَ بِهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا لِأَيَّةِ عِلَّةٍ كَانَتْ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Yahya Al Basry, from Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan Al-Maazy-asws (7th Imam-asws), about the afflictions of Ayoub-as which he-as had been afflicted with in the world, for which reason were they?’
قَالَ لِنِعْمَةٍ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا فَأَدَّى شُكْرَهَا وَ كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ لَا يُحْجَبُ إِبْلِيسُ دُونَ الْعَرْشِ فَلَمَّا صَعِدَ أَدَاءُ شُكْرِ نِعْمَةِ أَيُّوبَ حَسَدَهُ إِبْلِيسُ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ أَيُّوبَ لَمْ يُؤَدِّ إِلَيْكَ شُكْرَ هَذِهِ النِّعْمَةِ إِلَّا بِمَا أَعْطَيْتَهُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ لَوْ حَرَمْتَهُ دُنْيَاهُ مَا أَدَّى إِلَيْكَ شُكْرَ نِعْمَةٍ أَبَداً
He-asws said: ‘Due to the Bounties Allah-azwj had Favoured upon him-as with in the world, and he-as gave its thanks; and it was so during that era, Iblees-la was not barred from below the Throne. When he-la ascended (and saw) the thanks of Ayoub-as of the favours, Iblees-la envied him-as and said, ‘O Lord-azwj! Ayoub-as, did not give thanks to You-azwj of these Bounties except due to what You-azwj Gave him-as from the world, and if You-azwj were to Prohibit his-as world, he-as would not give thanks for any Bounty ever!’
قَالَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ إِنِّي قَدْ سَلَّطْتُكَ عَلَى مَالِهِ وَ وُلْدِهِ
He-asws said: ‘He-azwj Said to him-la: “I-azwj have (Allowed you-la to) overcome upon his-as wealth and his-as children!”
قَالَ فَانْحَدَرَ إِبْلِيسُ فَلَمْ يُبْقِ لَهُ مَالًا وَ لَا وَلَداً إِلَّا أَعْطَبَهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى إِبْلِيسُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَصِلُ إِلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ أَيُّوبَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ سَتَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ دُنْيَاهُ الَّتِي أَخَذْتَهَا مِنْهُ فَسَلِّطْنِي عَلَى بَدَنِهِ
He-asws said: ‘Iblees-la rolled down and there did not remain for him-as any wealth, nor a child except he-la ruined it. When Iblees-la saw that he-la could not arrive to anything from his-as matters, said, ‘‘O Lord-azwj! Surely, Ayoub-as knows that You-azwj will be Returning to him-as his-as world which I-la have taken away from him-as, therefore let me-la overcome his-as body’.
قَالَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ إِنِّي قَدْ سَلَّطْتُكَ عَلَى بَدَنِهِ مَا خَلَا قَلْبَهُ وَ لِسَانَهُ وَ عَيْنَيْهِ وَ سَمْعَهُ
He-asws said: ‘He-azwj Said: ‘I-azwj (Allow) you-la to overcome upon his-as body apart from his-as heart, and his-as tongue, and his-as eyes and his-as hearing!”
قَالَ فَانْحَدَرَ إِبْلِيسُ مُسْتَعْجِلًا مَخَافَةَ أَنْ تُدْرِكَهُ رَحْمَةُ الرَّبِّ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَتَحُولَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ أَيُّوبَ
He-asws said: ‘Iblees-la rolled down hurriedly fearing that he-as mighty attain the Mercy of the Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and there would be a barrier between him-la and Ayoub-as.
فَلَمَّا اشْتَدَّ بِهِ الْبَلَاءُ وَ كَانَ فِي آخِرِ بَلِيَّتِهِ جَاءَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ فَقَالُوا لَهُ يَا أَيُّوبُ مَا نَعْلَمُ أَحَداً ابْتُلِيَ بِمِثْلِ هَذِهِ الْبَلِيَّةِ إِلَّا لِسَرِيرَةِ سُوءٍ فَلَعَلَّكَ أَسْرَرْتَ سُوءاً فِي الَّذِي تُبْدِي لَنَا
When the afflictions intensified with him-as and it was during the end of his-as afflictions, his-as companions came to him-as and they said to him-as, ‘O Ayoub-as! We don’t know anyone to be afflicted with the like of these affliction except for evil inner feelings. You-as seem to have done evil secretly, from what appears to us’.
قَالَ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ نَاجَى أَيُّوبُ رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَالَ رَبِّ ابْتَلَيْتَنِي بِهَذِهِ الْبَلِيَّةِ وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَعْرِضْ لِي أَمْرَانِ قَطُّ إِلَّا أَلْزَمْتُ أَخْشَنَهُمَا عَلَى بَدَنِي وَ لَمْ آكُلْ أُكْلَةً قَطُّ إِلَّا وَ عَلَى خِوَانِي يَتِيمٌ فَلَوْ أَنَّ لِي مِنْكَ مَقْعَدَ الْخَصْمِ لَأَدْلَيْتُ بِحُجَّتِي
He-asws said: ‘At that, Ayoub-as whispered to his-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic and said: ‘Lord-azwj! You-azwj Tried me-as with these afflictions and You-azwj Know that no two matters got presented to me-as at all except I-as necessitate the harsher of the two upon my-as body, and I-as did not eat any meal at all except an upon my table was an orphan. If there was for me-as a seat from You-azwj for the disputing, I-as would deal out justice with my-as arguments’.
قَالَ فَعَرَضَتْ لَهُ سَحَابَةٌ فَنَطَقَ فِيهَا نَاطِقٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّوبُ أَدْلِ بِحُجَّتِكَ
He-asws said: ‘A cloud presented itself to him-as and it spoke. Among what it spoke, it said: ‘O Ayoub-as! Do justice with your-as arguments!’
قَالَ فَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مِئْزَرَهُ وَ جَثَا عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ فَقَالَ ابْتَلَيْتَنِي بِهَذِهِ الْبَلِيَّةِ وَ أَنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَعْرِضْ لِي أَمْرَانِ قَطُّ إِلَّا أَلْزَمْتُ أَخْشَنَهُمَا عَلَى بَدَنِي وَ لَمْ آكُلْ أُكْلَةً مِنْ طَعَامٍ إِلَّا وَ عَلَى خِوَانِي يَتِيمٌ
He-asws said: ‘He-as tightened his-as apron upon him-as and knelt upon his-as knees and said: ‘You-azwj Tried me-as with these affliction and You-azwj Know that no two matters got presented to me-as at all except I-as necessitate the harsher of the two upon my-as body, and I-as did not eat any meal at all except an upon my table was an orphan’.
قَالَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا أَيُّوبُ مَنْ حَبَّبَ إِلَيْكَ الطَّاعَةَ قَالَ فَأَخَذَ كَفّاً مِنْ تُرَابٍ فَوَضَعَهُ فِي فِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِ
He-asws said: ‘He-azwj Said to him-as: “O Ayoub-as! Who Made you-as love the obedience?” He-as grabbed a handful of soil and place it in his-as mouth, then said: ‘You-azwj, O Lord-azwj!”’.[187]
6- فس، تفسير القمي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ آتَيْناهُ أَهْلَهُ وَ مِثْلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ قَالَ أَحْيَا اللَّهُ لَهُ أَهْلَهُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا قَبْلَ الْبَلِيَّةِ وَ أَحْيَا لَهُ أَهْلَهُ الَّذِينَ مَاتُوا وَ هُوَ فِي بَلِيَّةٍ
‘Tafsser Al-Qummi’ – Muhammad Bin Ja’far, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Fazal, from Ibn Bakeyr, and someone else,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: and We Gave him (back) his family and the like of them along with them, [21:84]. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Revived for him-as, his-as family those who existed before the afflictions, and Revived for him-as his-as family, those who had died while he was in the afflictions’’.[188]
قال الشيخ الطبرسي: قال ابن عباس وابن مسعود: رد الله سبحانه عليه أهله الذين هلكوا بأعيانهم، وأعطاه مثلهم معهم، وكذلك رد الله عليه أمواله ومواشيه بأعيانها، وأعطاه مثلها معها، وبه قال الحسن وقتادة وهو المروي عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام ; وقيل: إنه خير أيوب فاختار إحياء أهله في الاخرة ومثلهم في الدنيا فأوتي على ما اختار، عن عكرمة ومجاهد. وقال وهب: كان له سبع بنات وثلاثة بنين ; وقال ابن يسار: سبعة بنين وسبع بنات انتهى. وقال البيضاوي: بأن ولد له ضعف ما كان، أو احيي ولده وولد له منهم نوافل انتهى. وروى بعض المفسرين عن ابن عباس أن الله تعالى رد على المرأة شبابها فولدت له ستة وعشرين ذكرا، وكان له سبعة بنين وسبع بنات أمحياهم الله له بأعيانهم.
7- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ آتَيْناهُ أَهْلَهُ وَ مِثْلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ قُلْتُ وُلْدُهُ كَيْفَ أُوتِيَ مِثْلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Khalid and al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya Al Halby, from Haroun Bin Kharjat, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Statement of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: and We Gave him (back) his family and the like of them along with them, [21:84]. I said, ‘His (Prophet Ayoub-as) children, how was he-as given the like of them, along with them?’
قَالَ أَحْيَا لَهُ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا مَاتُوا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ بِآجَالِهِمْ مِثْلَ الَّذِينَ هَلَكُوا يَوْمَئِذٍ
He-asws said: ‘He-azwj Revived for him-as from his-as children who had died before that of natural causes, and the like (number) of those who had died in those days’’.[189]
8- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ أَيُّوبَ ابْتُلِيَ مِنْ غَيْرِ ذَنْبٍ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al Washa, from Dorost who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Ayoub-as was Afflicted from without having sinned’’.[190]
9- ع، علل الشرائع بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ فَضْلٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُخْتَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: ابْتُلِيَ أَيُّوبُ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ بِلَا ذَنْبٍ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – By this chain from Al Washa, from Fazal Al Ash’ary, from Al Husayn Bin Mukhtar, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Ayoub-as was afflicted for seven years without having sinned’’.[191]
10- ع، علل الشرائع بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ فَضْلٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى ابْتَلَى أَيُّوبَ ع بِلَا ذَنْبٍ فَصَبَرَ حَتَّى عُيِّرَ وَ إِنَّ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ لَا يَصْبِرُونَ عَلَى التَّعْيِيرِ
‘Ilal Al-Sharaie’ – By this chain, from Fazl Al Ashary, from Al Hassan Bin Al Rabie, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Afflicted Ayoub-as without him-as having sinned, and he-as observed patience until he-as was rebuked, and the Prophets-as do not observe patience upon the rebuke’’.[192]
11 دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى أَيُّوبَ ع هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا ذَنْبُكَ إِلَيَّ حِينَ أَصَابَكَ الْبَلَاءُ قَالَ لَا قَالَ إِنَّكَ دَخَلْتَ عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ فَدَاهَنْتَ فِي كَلِمَتَيْنِ
‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to Ayoub-as: “Do you-as know what is your-as sin to Me-azwj when the affliction hit you-as?” He-as said: ‘No’. He-as said: ‘No’. He-azwj Said: “You-as entered to see Pharaoh-la and flattered (him) in two words (phrases)’’.[193]
12- وَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ امْرَأَةَ أَيُّوبَ قَالَتْ لَهُ يَوْماً لَوْ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَشْفِيَكَ فَقَالَ وَيْحَكِ كُنَّا فِي النَّعْمَاءِ سَبْعِينَ عَاماً فَهَلُمَّ نَصْبِرْ فِي الضَّرَّاءِ مِثْلَهَا قَالَ فَلَمْ يَمْكُثْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا يَسِيراً حَتَّى عُوفِيَ
And from Ibn Abbas, ‘The wife of Ayoub-as said to him one day, ‘If you could supplicate to Allah-azwj to Heal you-as!’ He-as said: ‘Woe be to you! We were in bounties for seventy years, so come let us be patient in the adversity similar to these’. He (Ibn Abbas) said, ‘After that, he-as did not remain except a little until he recovered’.[194]
13- ل، الخصال الْقَطَّانُ عَنِ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَيُّوبَ ابْتُلِيَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ مِنْ غَيْرِ ذَنْبٍ- وَ إِنَّ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ لَا يُذْنِبُونَ لِأَنَّهُمْ مَعْصُومُونَ مُطَهَّرُونَ لَا يُذْنِبُونَ وَ لَا يَزِيغُونَ وَ لَا يَرْتَكِبُونَ ذَنْباً صَغِيراً وَ لَا كَبِيراً
‘Al-Khisaal’ – Al Qatan, from Al Sakry, from Al Jowhary, from Ibn Amarah, from his father,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Ayoub-as was afflicted for seven years from without having sinned, and that the Prophets-as do not sin, because they-as are infallible, clean, neither sinning nor deviating, nor indulging in sins, neither minor nor major’.
وَ قَالَ ع إِنَّ أَيُّوبَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ مَا ابْتُلِيَ بِهِ لَمْ تُنْتِنْ لَهُ رَائِحَةٌ وَ لَا قَبُحَتْ لَهُ صُورَةٌ وَ لَا خَرَجَتْ مِنْهُ مِدَّةٌ مِنْ دَمٍ وَ لَا قَيْحٌ وَ لَا اسْتَقْذَرَهُ أَحَدٌ رَآهُ وَ لَا اسْتَوْحَشَ مِنْهُ أَحَدٌ شَاهَدَهُ وَ لَا تَدَوَّدَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ جَسَدِهِ وَ هَكَذَا يَصْنَعُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِجَمِيعِ مَنْ يَبْتَلِيهِ مِنْ أَنْبِيَائِهِ وَ أَوْلِيَائِهِ الْمُكَرَّمِينَ عَلَيْهِ
And he-asws said: ‘Ayoub-as with all that he-as was afflicted with, there was no foul odour coming out from his-as body, and not deformity in his-as face, and no puss or blood came out from him-as, nor anything dirty which was seen by anybody, nor was anyone repulsed by what he saw, nor any worms came out from his-as body, and this is how Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Deals with all that He-azwj Afflicts with from His-azwj Prophets-as, and His-azwj Guardians-as in Proximity to Him-azwj’.
وَ إِنَّمَا اجْتَنَبَهُ النَّاسُ لِفَقْرِهِ وَ ضَعْفِهِ فِي ظَاهِرِ أَمْرِهِ لِجَهْلِهِمْ بِمَا لَهُ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ مِنَ التَّأْيِيدِ وَ الْفَرَجِ
But rather, the people kept away from him-as due to his-as poverty, and the apparent weakness in his-as affairs, due to their ignorance of what is for him-as in the Presence of his-as Lord-azwj the Exalted, from the Support and Relief.
وَ قَدْ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَعْظَمُ النَّاسِ بَلَاءً الْأَنْبِيَاءُ ثُمَّ الْأَمْثَلُ فَالْأَمْثَلُ وَ إِنَّمَا ابْتَلَاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِالْبَلَاءِ الْعَظِيمِ الَّذِي يَهُونُ مَعَهُ عَلَى جَمِيعِ النَّاسِ لِئَلَّا يَدَّعُوا لَهُ الرُّبُوبِيَّةَ
And the Prophet-saww had said: ‘The greatest of the afflictions which befell were upon the Prophets-as rather than on the people. But rather, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Tries with the afflictions in accordance with how lofty the status of a person is with Him-azwj from all the people, so that they would leave the Lordship only for Him-azwj.
إِذَا شَاهَدُوا مَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُوصِلَهُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ عَظَائِمِ نِعَمِهِ تَعَالَى مَتَى شَاهَدُوهُ وَ لِيَسْتَدِلُّوا بِذَلِكَ عَلَى أَنَّ الثَّوَابَ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ عَلَى ضَرْبَيْنِ اسْتِحْقَاقٍ وَ اخْتِصَاصٍ وَ لِئَلَّا يَحْتَقِرُوا ضَعِيفاً لِضَعْفِهِ وَ لَا فَقِيراً لِفَقْرِهِ وَ لَا مَرِيضاً لِمَرَضِهِ
When they witnessed what Allah-azwj Wanted to arrive to him-as from the great Bounties, they came when they witnessed it, and for him-as to point upon that the Rewards from Allah-azwj, Exalted is His-azwj Mention is upon two types – rightfulness (deserving) and specialisation, and let they belittle a weak one due to his weakness, nor a poor one of his poverty, nor a sick one for his illness.
وَ لِيَعْلَمُوا أَنَّهُ يُسْقِمُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَ يَشْفِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ مَتَى شَاءَ كَيْفَ شَاءَ بِأَيِّ سَبَبٍ شَاءَ وَ يَجْعَلُ ذَلِكَ عِبْرَةً لِمَنْ شَاءَ وَ شَقَاوَةً لِمَنْ شَاءَ وَ سَعَادَةً لِمَنْ شَاءَ وَ هُوَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي جَمِيعِ ذَلِكَ عَدْلٌ فِي قَضَائِهِ وَ حَكِيمٌ فِي أَفْعَالِهِ لَا يَفْعَلُ بِعِبَادِهِ إِلَّا الْأَصْلَحَ لَهُمْ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ لَهُمْ إِلَّا بِهِ
And for them to know that He-azwj Sickens one He-azwj Desires to, and Heals one He-azwj Desires to, whenever He-azwj Desire and however He-azwj Desires, and He-azwj Makes that as a lesson for the one He-azwj Desires, and Causes wretchedness for one He-azwj Desires, and fortunacy for one He-azwj Desires, and He-azwj is the Mighty and Majestic in the entirety of that, Just in His-azwj Decisions and Wise in His-azwj Deeds. He-azwj does not Do with His-azwj servants except the correction for them, nor is there any strength for them except by Him-azwj’’.[195]
14- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِالْأَسَانِيدِ الثَّلَاثَةِ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ: أَخَذَ النَّاسُ ثَلَاثَةً مِنْ ثَلَاثَةٍ أَخَذُوا الصَّبْرَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ وَ الشُّكْرَ عَنْ نُوحٍ وَ الْحَسَدَ عَنْ بَنِي يَعْقُوبَ
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – By the three chains,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali Bin Al Husayn-asws having said: ‘The people took three from three – They took the patience from Ayoub-as, and the thanks from Noah-as, and the envy from the sons of Yaqoub-as’’.[196]
15- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْقَزْوِينِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَهْبَانَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ أَيُّوبُ النَّبِيُّ ع حِينَ دَعَا رَبَّهُ يَا رَبِّ كَيْفَ ابْتَلَيْتَنِي بِهَذَا الْبَلَاءِ الَّذِي لَمْ تَبْتَلِ بِهِ أَحَداً فَوَ عِزَّتِكَ إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ مَا عَرَضَ لِي أَمْرَانِ قَطُّ كِلَاهُمَا لَكَ طَاعَةٌ إِلَّا عَمِلْتُ بِأَشَدِّهِمَا عَلَى بَدَنِي
‘Al Amaali of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Al Qazwiny, from Muhammad Bin Wahban, from Ahmad Bin Ibrahim-as, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Zafrany, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Ayoub-as the Prophet-as said when he-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj: ‘O Lord-azwj! Why did You-azwj Afflict me-as with these afflictions which You-azwj did not Afflict anyone (else) with? By Your-azwj Might! You-azwj Know that no two matters have presented to me-as at all, both being in obedience to You-azwj, except I-as did the severer of the two upon my-as body’.
قَالَ فَنُودِيَ وَ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ بِكَ يَا أَيُّوبُ قَالَ فَأَخَذَ التُّرَابَ فَوَضَعَهُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِ
He-asws said: ‘He-azwj Called out: “And who did that with you-as, O Ayoub-as?’ He-as grabbed the soil and placed it upon his-as head, then said: ‘You-azwj, O Lord-azwj!’’.[197]
16- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمَّا عَافَى أَيُّوبَ ع نَظَرَ إِلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَدِ ازْدَرَعَتْ فَرَفَعَ طَرْفَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ إِلَهِي وَ سَيِّدِي عَبْدُكَ أَيُّوبُ الْمُبْتَلَى عَافَيْتَهُ وَ لَمْ يَزْدَرِعْ شَيْئاً وَ هَذَا لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ زَرْعٌ
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Fazalat, from Rafa’at who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘When Allah-azwj Blessed and High Restored the health of Ayoub-as, he-as looked at (the affairs of) the Children of Israel who had farmed, so he-as raised his-as eyes towards the sky and said: ‘My-as God, and my-as Master! Your-azwj servant Ayoub-as was afflicted and You-azwj Granted him-as health, and he-as has nowhere to plant anything, and this is a plantation of the Children of Israel’.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا أَيُّوبُ خُذْ مِنْ سُبْحَتِكَ كَفّاً فَابْذُرْهُ وَ كَانَتْ سُبْحَتُهُ فِيهَا مِلْحٌ فَأَخَذَ أَيُّوبُ ع كَفّاً مِنْهَا فَبَذَرَهُ فَخَرَجَ هَذَا الْعَدَسُ وَ أَنْتُمْ تُسَمُّونَهُ الْحِمِّصَ وَ نَحْنُ نُسَمِّيهِ الْعَدَسَ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto him-as: “O Ayoub-as! Take a handful from your-as rosary, so plant it”; and his-as rosary had salt in it. So Ayoub-as took a handful from it, so he-as planted it, and there came out this lentil, and you all are calling it as chick-peas, and we-asws are calling it as lentils’’.[198]
17- مع، معاني الأخبار مَعْنَى أَيُّوبَ مِنْ آبَ يَئُوبُ وَ هُوَ أَنَّهُ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى الْعَافِيَةِ وَ النِّعْمَةِ وَ الْأَهْلِ وَ الْمَالِ وَ الْوَلَدِ بَعْدَ الْبَلَاءِ
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – ‘The meaning of ‘Ayoub’ is from ‘Aab’, and it is that he returned (Aab) to the well-being, and the bounties, and the family, and the wealth, and the children after the affliction’.[199]
18- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع مَا سَأَلَ أَيُّوبُ الْعَافِيَةَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ بَلَائِهِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj did not ask for well-being regarding anything from his-as afflictions’’.[200]
19- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: ذَكَرَ أَيُّوبَ ع فَقَالَ قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ إِنَّ عَبْدِي أَيُّوبَ مَا أُنْعِمُ عَلَيْهِ بِنِعْمَةٍ إِلَّا ازْدَادَ شُكْراً
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Yazeed, from Al Hassan Ibn Ali, from Dawood Sarhan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘Ayoub-as was mentioned, so he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Said: “My-azwj servant Ayoub-as, I-azwj did not Confer any Bounty upon him-as except he-as increased in thanking”.
فَقَالَ الشَّيْطَانُ لَوْ نَصَبْتَ عَلَيْهِ الْبَلَاءَ فَابْتَلَيْتَهُ كَيْفَ صَبْرُهُ فَسَلَّطَهُ عَلَى إِبِلِهِ وَ رَقِيقِهِ فَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ لَهُ شَيْئاً غَيْرَ غُلَامٍ وَاحِدٍ فَأَتَاهُ الْغُلَامُ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّوبُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ إِبِلَكَ وَ لَا مِنْ رَقِيقِكَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ مَاتَ
The Satan-la said, ‘If only You-azwj would have Installed the afflictions upon him-as and Try him-as how his-as patience would be?’ He-azwj Let him-la overcome upon his-as camel and his-as servants, and did not leave anything for him-as apart from one boy. The boy came to him-as and said, ‘O Ayoub-as! There does not remain from your-as camels and from your-as servants except and they have died’.
فَقَالَ أَيُّوبُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَعْطَاهُ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَخَذَهُ
Ayoub-as said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Gave it and the Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Took it’.
فَقَالَ الشَّيْطَانُ إِنَّ خَيْلَهُ أَعْجَبُ إِلَيْهِ فَسَلَّطَ عَلَيْهَا فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا هَلَكَ فَقَالَ أَيُّوبُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَعْطَى وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَخَذَ وَ كَذَلِكَ بِبَقَرِهِ وَ غَنَمِهِ وَ مَزَارِعِهِ وَ أَرْضِهِ وَ أَهْلِهِ وَ وُلْدِهِ حَتَّى مَرِضَ مَرَضاً شَدِيداً
The Satan-la said, ‘The horses are marvellous to him-as’. He-la overcame upon these, and there did not remain anything from these except it died. Ayoub-as said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Gave it and the Praise for Allah-azwj Who Took it’. And similar to that was with his-as sheep, and his-as plantation, and his-as land, and his-as family, and his-as children until he-as became sick with severe sickness.
فَأَتَاهُ أَصْحَابٌ لَهُ فَقَالُوا يَا أَيُّوبُ مَا كَانَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ فِي أَنْفُسِنَا وَ لَا خَيْرٌ عَلَانِيَةً خَيْراً عِنْدَنَا مِنْكَ فَلَعَلَّ هَذَا الشَّيْءَ كُنْتَ أَسْرَرْتَهُ فِيمَا بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ رَبِّكَ لَمْ تُطْلِعْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَداً فَابْتَلَاكَ اللَّهُ مِنْ أَجْلِهِ
Companions of his-as came to him-as and they said, ‘O Ayoub-as! There has not been anyone from the people among us, nor anyone publicly better with us than you-as are. Perhaps this is the thing (Punishment of that) which you-as have done secretly in what is between you-as and your-as Lord-azwj, no one having been notified upon it, so Allah-azwj Afflicted you-as from its reason?’
فَجَزِعَ جَزَعاً شَدِيداً وَ دَعَا رَبَّهُ فَشَفَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مَا كَانَ لَهُ مِنْ قَلِيلٍ أَوْ كَثِيرٍ فِي الدُّنْيَا
He-as was alarmed with intense alarm and supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj, so Allah-azwj the Exalted Healed him-as and Returned to him-as whatever was for him-as, from little or more, in the world’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ وَهَبْنا لَهُ أَهْلَهُ وَ مِثْلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ رَحْمَةً فَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا مَاتُوا
He (the narrator) said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the Words of the Exalted: And We Granted to him, his family and the like of them, along with them, as a Mercy [38:43]. He-asws said: ‘Those who had died’’.[201]
20- ل، الخصال ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام فِي أَسْئِلَةِ الشَّامِيِّ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ يَعْنِي آخِرَ الشَّهْرِ ابْتَلَى اللَّهُ أَيُّوبَ بِذَهَابِ مَالِهِ وَ وُلْدِهِ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – Among the questions of the Syrian to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, he-asws said: ‘On the day of Wednesday, meaning the last of the month, Allah-azwj Afflicted Ayoub-as with the loss of his-as wealth and his-as children’’.[202]
21- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا طَالَ بَلَاءُ أَيُّوبَ وَ رَأَى إِبْلِيسُ صَبْرَهُ أَتَى إِلَى أَصْحَابٍ لَهُ كَانُوا رُهْبَاناً فِي الْجِبَالِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مُرُّوا بِنَا إِلَى هَذَا الْعَبْدِ الْمُبْتَلَى نَسْأَلْهُ عَنْ بَلِيَّتِهِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the calamities of Ayoub-as were prolonged and Iblees-la saw his-as patience, came to companions of his-as who were monks in the mountain and said to them, ‘Let us pass by this afflicted servant to ask him-as about his-as afflictions’.
قَالَ فَرَكِبُوا وَ جَاءُوهُ فَلَمَّا قَرُبُوا مِنْهُ نَفَرَتْ بِغَالُهُمْ فَقَرَّبُوهَا بَعْضاً إِلَى بَعْضٍ ثُمَّ مَشَوْا إِلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ فِيهِمْ شَابٌّ حَدَثٌ فَسَلَّمُوا عَلَى أَيُّوبَ وَ قَعَدُوا وَ قَالُوا يَا أَيُّوبُ لَوْ أَخْبَرْتَنَا بِذَنْبِكَ فَلَا نَرَى تُبْتَلَى بِهَذَا الْبَلَاءِ إِلَّا لِأَمْرٍ كُنْتَ تُسِرُّهُ
He-asws said: ‘They rode and came to him-as. When they were nearby him-as, their mules fled from them. They came closer to each other, then walked to him-as’, and among them was a young youth, and they greeted unto Ayoub-as, and they sat down and said, ‘O Ayoub-as! If only you-as would inform us of your-as sin, for we do not see you-as being afflicted by these afflictions except for a matter you-as are concealing it’.
قَالَ أَيُّوبُ ع وَ عِزَّةِ رَبِّي إِنَّهُ لَيَعْلَمُ أَنِّي مَا أَكَلْتُ طَعَاماً قَطُّ إِلَّا وَ مَعِيَ يَتِيمٌ أَوْ ضَعِيفٌ يَأْكُلُ مَعِي وَ مَا عَرَضَ لِي أَمْرَانِ كِلَاهُمَا طَاعَةٌ إِلَّا أَخَذْتُ بِأَشَدِّهِمَا عَلَى بَدَنِي
Ayoub-as said: ‘By the Mighty of my-as Lord-azwj! He-azwj Knows I-as have not eaten a meal at all except and with me-as there is an orphan or a guest eating with me-as, and no two matters have presented to me-as, both being in obedience (to Allah-azwj) except and I-as took with the severer of the two upon my-as body’.
فَقَالَ الشَّابُّ سَوْءَةً لَكُمْ عَمَدْتُمْ إِلَى نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ فَعَنَّفْتُمُوهُ حَتَّى أَظْهَرَ مِنْ عِبَادَةِ رَبِّهِ مَا كَانَ يَسْتُرُهُ
The youth said, ‘It is evil of you all deliberating to a Prophet-as of Allah-azwj chiding him-as until he-as manifests from worship of his-as Lord-azwj what he-as had concealed’.
فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ دَعَا رَبَّهُ وَ قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي مَسَّنِيَ الشَّيْطانُ بِنُصْبٍ وَ عَذابٍ
During that, he-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj and said: ‘‘The Satan has touched me with toil and torment!’ [38:41]’.
وَ قَالَ قِيلَ لِأَيُّوبَ ع بَعْدَ مَا عَافَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَيُّ شَيْءٍ أَشَدُّ مَا مَرَّ عَلَيْكَ قَالَ شَمَاتَةُ الْأَعْدَاءِ
And he-asws said: ‘It was said to Ayoub-as after Allah-azwj the Exalted had Healed him-as, ‘Which thing was the most difficult (from) what passed upon you-as?’ He-as said: ‘Gloating of the enemies’’.[203]
22- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَمْطَرَ اللَّهُ عَلَى أَيُّوبَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَرَاشاً مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَجَعَلَ أَيُّوبُ يَأْخُذُ مَا كَانَ خَارِجاً مِنْ دَارِهِ فَيُدْخِلُهُ دَارَهُ فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع أَ مَا تَشْبَعُ يَا أَيُّوبُ قَالَ وَ مَنْ يَشْبَعُ مِنْ فَضْلِ رَبِّهِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By this chain, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Rained upon Ayoub-as butterflies of gold from the sky, so Ayoub-as went on to take whatever was outside from his-as house and entered it into his-as house. Jibraeel-as said: ‘But, are you-as not satiated, O Ayoub-as?’ He-as said: ‘And who is satiated from the Grace of his Lord-azwj?’’.[204]
23- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ أَنَّ أَيُّوبَ كَانَ فِي زَمَنِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ كَانَ صِهْراً لَهُ تَحْتَهُ ابْنَةُ يَعْقُوبَ يُقَالُ لَهَا إِلْيَا وَ كَانَ أَبُوهُ مِمَّنْ آمَنَ بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ ع وَ كَانَتْ أُمُّ أَيُّوبَ ابْنَةَ لُوطٍ وَ كَانَ لُوطٌ جَدَّ أَيُّوبَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا أَبَا أُمِّهِ وَ لَمَّا اسْتَحْكَمَ الْبَلَاءُ عَلَى أَيُّوبَ مِنْ كُلِّ وَجْهٍ صَبَرَتْ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ فَحَسَدَ إِبْلِيسُ عَلَى مُلَازَمَتِهَا بِالْخِدْمَةِ وَ كَانَتْ بِنْتَ يَعْقُوبَ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَ لَسْتِ أُخْتَ يُوسُفَ الصِّدِّيقِ ع قَالَتْ بَلَى قَالَ فَمَا هَذَا الْجَهْدُ وَ مَا هَذِهِ الْبَلِيَّةُ الَّتِي أَرَاكُمْ فِيهَا قَالَتْ هُوَ الَّذِي فَعَلَ بِنَا لِيُؤْجِرَنَا بِفَضْلِهِ عَلَيْنَا لِأَنَّهُ أَعْطَاهُ بِفَضْلِهِ مُنْعِماً ثُمَّ أَخَذَهُ لِيَبْتَلِيَنَا فَهَلْ رَأَيْتَ مُنْعِماً أَفْضَلَ مِنْهُ فَعَلَى إِعْطَائِهِ نَشْكُرُهُ وَ عَلَى ابْتِلَائِهِ نَحْمَدُهُ فَقَدْ جَعَلَ لَنَا الْحُسْنَيَيْنِ كِلْتَيْهِمَا فَابْتَلَاهُ لِيَرَى صَبْرَنَا وَ لَا نَجِدُ عَلَى الصَّبْرِ قُوَّةً إِلَّا بِمَعُونَتِهِ وَ تَوْفِيقِهِ فَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَ الْمِنَّةُ مَا أَوْلَانَا وَ أَبْلَانَا فَقَالَ لَهَا أَخْطَأْتِ خَطَاءً عَظِيماً لَيْسَ مِنْ هَاهُنَا أَلَحَّ عَلَيْكُمُ الْبَلَاءُ وَ أَدْخَلَ عَلَيْهَا شُبَهاً دَفَعَتْهَا كُلَّهَا وَ انْصَرَفَتْ إِلَى أَيُّوبَ ع مُسْرِعَةً وَ حَكَتْ لَهُ مَا قَالَ اللَّعِينُ فَقَالَ أَيُّوبُ الْقَائِلُ إِبْلِيسُ لَقَدْ حَرَصَ عَلَى قَتْلِي إِنِّي لَأُقْسِمُ بِاللَّهِ لَأُجَلِّدَنَّكِ مِائَةً لِمَ أَصْغَيْتِ إِلَيْهِ إِنْ شَفَانِيَ اللَّهُ قَالَ وَهْبٌ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَأَحْيَا اللَّهُ لَهُمَا أَوْلَادَهُمَا وَ أَمْوَالَهُمَا وَ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ لَهُمَا بِعَيْنِهِ وَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ وَ خُذْ بِيَدِكَ ضِغْثاً فَاضْرِبْ بِهِ وَ لا تَحْنَثْ فَأَخَذَ ضِغْثاً مِنْ قُضْبَانٍ دِقَاقٍ مِنْ شَجَرَةٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا الثُّمَامُ فَبَرَّ بِهِ يَمِينَهُ وَ ضَرَبَهَا ضَرْبَةً وَاحِدَةً وَ قِيلَ أَخَذَ عَشَرَةً مِنْهَا فَضَرَبَهَا بِهَا عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ كَانَ عُمُرُ أَيُّوبَ ثَلَاثاً وَ سَبْعِينَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصِيبَهَا الْبَلَاءُ فَزَادَهَا اللَّهُ مِثْلَهَا ثَلَاثاً وَ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً أُخْرَى
(Judeo Christian literature)[205]
24- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام رُوِيَ أَنَّ أَيُّوبَ ع لَمَّا جَهَدَهُ الْبَلَاءُ قَالَ لَأَقْعُدَنَّ مَقْعَدَ الْخَصْمِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ تَكَلَّمْ فَجَثَا عَلَى الرَّمَادِ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ مَا عَرَضَ لِي أَمْرَانِ قَطُّ كِلَاهُمَا لَكَ [فِيهِ] رِضًى إِلَّا اخْتَرْتُ أَشَدَّهُمَا عَلَى بَدَنِي
‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws – It is reported that when Ayoub-as struggled in the afflictions, he-as said: ‘I-as shall sit in the seat of the contenders!’ Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “Speak!” He-as knelt upon the sand. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj Know that no two matters presented to me at all, both of them being in Your-azwj Pleasure, except I-as had chosen severer of the upon my-as body!’
فَنُودِيَ مِنْ غَمَامَةٍ بَيْضَاءَ بِسِتَّةِ آلَافِ أَلْفِ لُغَةٍ فَلِمَنِ الْمَنُّ فَوَضَعَ الرَّمَادَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَ خَرَّ سَاجِداً يُنَادِي لَكَ الْمَنُّ سَيِّدِي وَ مَوْلَايَ فَكَشَفَ اللَّهُ ضُرَّهُ
He-as was Called out at from a white cloud in six million languages: “For whom is the Confermnet?” He-as placed the sand upon his-as head and fell in Sajdah calling out: ‘For You-azwj is the Conferment my-as Chief and my-as Master!’ Allah-azwj Removed his-as harm’. [206]
25- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَزَّازُ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ أَيُّوبَ النَّبِيَّ ع قَالَ يَا رَبِّ مَا سَأَلْتُكَ شَيْئاً مِنَ الدُّنْيَا قَطُّ وَ دَاخَلَهُ شَيْءٌ فَأَقْبَلَتْ إِلَيْهِ سَحَابَةٌ حَتَّى نَادَتْهُ يَا أَيُّوبُ مَنْ وَفَّقَكَ لِذَلِكَ قَالَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِ
‘The book of Husayn Bin Saeed’, and ;Al Nawadir’ – Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Khazaz,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘The Prophet Ayoub-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! I-as did not ask You-azwj of anything from the world at all’ – and something entered him-as, so the Glorious Turned to him-as until He-azwj Called him-as: “O Ayoub-as! Who Harmonised you-as for to that?” He-as said: ‘You-azwj, O Lord-azwj!’’[207]
Notes –
فَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ الرَّسُولِ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: وَ قَدْ سُئِلَ أَيُّ النَّاسِ أَشَدُّ بَلَاءً فَقَالَ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ ثُمَّ الصَّالِحُونَ ثُمَّ الْأَمْثَلُ فَالْأَمْثَلُ مِنَ النَّاسِ
It has been reported from the Rasool-saww, he-saww said, and he-saww had been asked, ‘Which people are of severest of the afflictions?’ He-saww said: ‘The Prophets-as, then the righteous, then the ones most like them, then the most like them from the people’.
أنس بن مالك قال قال رسول الله ص إن أيوب نبي الله لبث به بلاؤه ثماني عشرة سنة فرفضه القريب و البعيد إلا رجلين من إخوانه كانا يغدوان إليه و يروحان
Anas Bin Malik (well-known fabricator) said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Ayoub-as, the Prophet-as of Allah-azwj, remained in his-as afflictions for eighteen years. He-as was rejected by the near ones and the far ones, except for two men from his-as brethren who used to come and go to him-as.
فقال أحدهما لصاحبه و الله لقد أذنب أيوب ذنبا ما أذنبه أحد من العالمين فقال له صاحبه و ما ذاك قال منذ ثماني عشرة سنة لم يرحمه الله عز و جل فيكشف ما به فلما راحا إلى أيوب لم يصبر الرجل حتى ذكر ذلك
One of them said to him companion, ‘By Allah-azwj! Ayoub-as must have sinned such a such no one from the worlds has sinned!’ His companions said to him, ‘And what is that?’ He said, ‘Since eighteen years Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has not Shown Mercy to him by Removing what (affliction) there is with him. When he went to Ayoub-as, the man could not be patient until he said that to him-as.
فقال أيوب ما أدري ما تقولان غير أن الله تعالى يعلم أني كنت أمر بالرجلين يتنازعان فيذكران الله تعالى فأرجع إلى بيتي فأكفر عنهما كراهية أن يذكر الله تعالى إلا في حق
Ayoub-as said, ‘I don’t know what you two are saying, apart from that Allah-azwj the Exalted Knows that I-as had passed by two men disputing. They mentioned Allah-azwj the Exalted, so I-as returned to my-as house and atoned on their behalf, disliking, that Allah-azwj the Exalted should only be mentioned regarding a right’.
قال و كان يخرج لحاجته فإذا قضى حاجته أمسكت امرأته بيده حتى يبلغ فلما كان ذات يوم أبطأ عليها و أوحي إلى أيوب في مكانه أن ارْكُضْ بِرِجْلِكَ هذا مُغْتَسَلٌ بارِدٌ وَ شَرابٌ فاستبطأته
He (Anas Bin Malik) said, ‘And he-as used to go out for his need, so when he-as had fulfilled his need, his-as wife would hold his-as hand until he reached his destination. One day when he-as was delayed, and Allah-azwj Revealed to Ayoub-as in his place: “Walk toward it as this would be a cool washing-place and a drink” [38:42], so it delayed him-as.
فتلقته تنظر و أقبل عليها و قد أذهب الله عز و جل ما به من البلاء و هو أحسن ما كان فلما رأته قالت هل رأيت نبي الله هذا المبتلى قال إني أنا هو
She went to look and he-as turned to her, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Removed whatever afflictions had been with him-as, and he-as was as well as he-as used to be. When she saw him-as, she said, ‘Have you seen a Prophet-as of Allah-azwj, this afflicted one?’ He-as said: ‘I am he-as!
و كان له أندران أندر للقمح و أندر للشعير فبعث الله تعالى سحابتين فلما كانت إحداهما على أندر القمح أفرغت فيه الذهب حتى فاض و أفرغت الأخرى في أندر الشعير الورق حتى فاض و يروى أن الله تعالى أمطر عليه جرادا من ذهب فجعل يحثي منها في ثوبه
And there were two storehouse for him-as, a store for the wheat and one for the barley, Allah-azwj the Exalted Sent two clouds. When one of them was upon the wheat store, it poured gold into it until it overflowed, and the other poured the silver into the barley store until it overflowed; and it is reported that Allah-azwj the Exalted Rained golder locusts upon him so he-as went on to collect from these in his cloth.
أرى قال بلى يا رب و لكن لا غنى بي عن فضلك و رحمتك و من يشبع من نعمك
His Lord Called out to him: “Have I not Enriched you from what I-azwj See?” He said: ‘Yes, O Lord, but there is no needlessness with me from Your Grace and Mercy, and who is satiated from Your bounties?’’
باب 11 قصص شعيب
CHAPTER 11 – STORY OF SHUAYB-as
الآيات الأعراف وَ إِلى مَدْيَنَ أَخاهُمْ شُعَيْباً قالَ يا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ ما لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلهٍ غَيْرُهُ قَدْ جاءَتْكُمْ بَيِّنَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ فَأَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ وَ الْمِيزانَ وَ لا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْياءَهُمْ وَ لا تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ بَعْدَ إِصْلاحِها ذلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al A’raaf: And to Madyan (We Sent) their brother Shuayb. He said: ‘O people! Worship Allah! There is no god for you other than Him. There has come to you clear proof from your Lord, so fulfil the weight and the measure, and do not undervalue to the people of their things, nor make mischief in the land after its correction – that would be better for you if you were Momineen [7:85]
وَ لا تَقْعُدُوا بِكُلِّ صِراطٍ تُوعِدُونَ وَ تَصُدُّونَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ مَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَ تَبْغُونَها عِوَجاً وَ اذْكُرُوا إِذْ كُنْتُمْ قَلِيلًا فَكَثَّرَكُمْ وَ انْظُرُوا كَيْفَ كانَ عاقِبَةُ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
And do not be sitting in every path, threatening and blocking from the Way of Allah the one who believes in it, and seeking it to be crooked. And remember when you were few, so He Made you numerous, and look how was the end result of the mischief-makers [7:86]
وَ إِنْ كانَ طائِفَةٌ مِنْكُمْ آمَنُوا بِالَّذِي أُرْسِلْتُ بِهِ وَ طائِفَةٌ لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا فَاصْبِرُوا حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَنا وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الْحاكِمِينَ
And even if there is a group from you who are believing in that which I have been Sent with, and a group who are not believing, so be patient until Allah Judges between us, and He is the best of the Judges [7:87]
قالَ الْمَلَأُ الَّذِينَ اسْتَكْبَرُوا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ لَنُخْرِجَنَّكَ يا شُعَيْبُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَكَ مِنْ قَرْيَتِنا أَوْ لَتَعُودُنَّ فِي مِلَّتِنا قالَ أَ وَ لَوْ كُنَّا كارِهِينَ
The chiefs, those who were being arrogant from his people said, ‘We will throw you out from our town, O Shuayb, and those who are believing with you, or you return to be in our religion’. He said: ‘Or (even) if we were unwilling? [7:88]
قَدِ افْتَرَيْنا عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِباً إِنْ عُدْنا فِي مِلَّتِكُمْ بَعْدَ إِذْ نَجَّانَا اللَّهُ مِنْها وَ ما يَكُونُ لَنا أَنْ نَعُودَ فِيها إِلَّا أَنْ يَشاءَ اللَّهُ رَبُّنا وَسِعَ رَبُّنا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ عِلْماً عَلَى اللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْنا رَبَّنَا افْتَحْ بَيْنَنا وَ بَيْنَ قَوْمِنا بِالْحَقِّ وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْفاتِحِينَ
We would be fabricating a lie upon Allah if we were to return to be in your religion, after when Allah Rescued us from it; and it does not happen to be (befitting) for us that we should be returning in it except if Allah, our Lord-azwj, so Desires it; and our Lord Comprehends all things in Knowledge. Upon Allah we rely. ‘Our Lord! Decide between us and our people with the Truth, and You are the best of the deciders’’ [7:89]
وَ قالَ الْمَلَأُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ لَئِنِ اتَّبَعْتُمْ شُعَيْباً إِنَّكُمْ إِذاً لَخاسِرُونَ
And the chiefs of those who were committing Kufr from his people said, ‘If you were to follow Shuayb, then you would be the losers [7:90]
فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الرَّجْفَةُ فَأَصْبَحُوا فِي دارِهِمْ جاثِمِينَ
Then the earthquake Seized them, so they became crouching in their houses [7:91]
الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْباً كَأَنْ لَمْ يَغْنَوْا فِيهَا الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْباً كانُوا هُمُ الْخاسِرِينَ
Those who were belying Shuayb were as though they never dwelt therein. Those who were belying Shuayb, they were the losers [7:92]
فَتَوَلَّى عَنْهُمْ وَ قالَ يا قَوْمِ لَقَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكُمْ رِسالاتِ رَبِّي وَ نَصَحْتُ لَكُمْ فَكَيْفَ آسى عَلى قَوْمٍ كافِرِينَ
So he turned away from them and said: ‘O people! I have delivered to you Messages of my Lord, and advised to you all. So how can I have pity upon a Kafir people?’ [7:93]
هود وَ إِلى مَدْيَنَ أَخاهُمْ شُعَيْباً قالَ يا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ ما لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلهٍ غَيْرُهُ وَ لا تَنْقُصُوا الْمِكْيالَ وَ الْمِيزانَ إِنِّي أَراكُمْ بِخَيْرٍ وَ إِنِّي أَخافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذابَ يَوْمٍ مُحِيطٍ
(Surah) Hud-as: And to Madyan (We Sent) their brother Shu’aib. He said: ‘O people! Worship Allah. There is no god for you other than Him, and do not undervalue the measures and the weights. I view you with goodness and I fear upon you the Punishment of an encompassing Day [11:84]
وَ يا قَوْمِ أَوْفُوا الْمِكْيالَ وَ الْمِيزانَ بِالْقِسْطِ وَ لا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْياءَهُمْ وَ لا تَعْثَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ
And, O people! Fulfil the measures and the weights with fairness, and do not undervalue the people of their things and do not make mischief in the land as corrupters [11:85]
بَقِيَّتُ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ وَ ما أَنَا عَلَيْكُمْ بِحَفِيظٍ
The remaining one of Allah is better for you if you were Momineen, and I am not a keeper over you [11:86]
قالُوا يا شُعَيْبُ أَ صَلاتُكَ تَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ نَتْرُكَ ما يَعْبُدُ آباؤُنا أَوْ أَنْ نَفْعَلَ فِي أَمْوالِنا ما نَشؤُا إِنَّكَ لَأَنْتَ الْحَلِيمُ الرَّشِيدُ
They said, ‘O Shu’aib! Does your Salat enjoin you that we should forsake what our fathers worshipped or that we should not do what we please with regards to our property? Surely you are the forbearing, the rightly-guiding one [11:87]
قالَ يا قَوْمِ أَ رَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُ عَلى بَيِّنَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّي وَ رَزَقَنِي مِنْهُ رِزْقاً حَسَناً وَ ما أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُخالِفَكُمْ إِلى ما أَنْهاكُمْ عَنْهُ إِنْ أُرِيدُ إِلَّا الْإِصْلاحَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ وَ ما تَوْفِيقِي إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَ إِلَيْهِ أُنِيبُ
He said: ‘O people! What is your view if I was upon a clear Proof from my Lord and He Sustains me with a goodly sustenance from Him? I do not want to oppose you to what I am forbidding you from. I only want the reforming of whatever I can, and my success is only with Allah. Upon Him do I rely and to Him do I turn [11:88]
وَ يا قَوْمِ لا يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شِقاقِي أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ مِثْلُ ما أَصابَ قَوْمَ نُوحٍ أَوْ قَوْمَ هُودٍ أَوْ قَوْمَ صالِحٍ وَ ما قَوْمُ لُوطٍ مِنْكُمْ بِبَعِيدٍ
And, O people! Do not let my opposition incriminate you all that you would be afflicted with the like of what afflicted the people of Noah, or people of Hud, or people of Salih, nor are the people of Lut distant from you [11:89]
وَ اسْتَغْفِرُوا رَبَّكُمْ ثُمَّ تُوبُوا إِلَيْهِ إِنَّ رَبِّي رَحِيمٌ وَدُودٌ
And seek Forgiveness of your Lord repenting to Him, surely my Lord is Merciful, Affectionate [11:90]
قالُوا يا شُعَيْبُ ما نَفْقَهُ كَثِيراً مِمَّا تَقُولُ وَ إِنَّا لَنَراكَ فِينا ضَعِيفاً وَ لَوْ لا رَهْطُكَ لَرَجَمْناكَ وَ ما أَنْتَ عَلَيْنا بِعَزِيزٍ
They said: ‘O Shu’aib! We do not understand most of what you are saying, and we see you as a weak one among us; and had it not been for your family, we would have stoned you (to death), and you are not with honour upon us’ [11:91]
قالَ يا قَوْمِ أَ رَهْطِي أَعَزُّ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ اتَّخَذْتُمُوهُ وَراءَكُمْ ظِهْرِيًّا إِنَّ رَبِّي بِما تَعْمَلُونَ
He said: ‘O people! Is my family more honourable to you than Allah? And you taking Him as (a thing) cast behind your back. Surely my Lord Encompasses what you are doing [11:92]
مُحِيطٌ وَ يا قَوْمِ اعْمَلُوا عَلى مَكانَتِكُمْ إِنِّي عامِلٌ سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ يَأْتِيهِ عَذابٌ يُخْزِيهِ وَ مَنْ هُوَ كاذِبٌ وَ ارْتَقِبُوا إِنِّي مَعَكُمْ رَقِيبٌ
And, O people! Work according to your ability, I too am working; soon you will be knowing whom the Punishment would befall upon to disgrace him and who is the liar; and watch out, I (too) am watching out along with you [11:93]
وَ لَمَّا جاءَ أَمْرُنا نَجَّيْنا شُعَيْباً وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ بِرَحْمَةٍ مِنَّا وَ أَخَذَتِ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا الصَّيْحَةُ فَأَصْبَحُوا فِي دِيارِهِمْ جاثِمِينَ
And when Our Command came, We Rescued Shu’aib and those who believed with him, by a Mercy from Us, and the Scream seized those who were unjust, so by the morning they were lying crouching in their houses [11:94]
كَأَنْ لَمْ يَغْنَوْا فِيها أَلا بُعْداً لِمَدْيَنَ كَما بَعِدَتْ ثَمُودُ
As if they had not dwelt therein. Indeed! Remoteness for Madyan as was remoteness (for the people) of Samood! [11:95]
الحجر وَ إِنْ كانَ أَصْحابُ الْأَيْكَةِ لَظالِمِينَ
(Surah) Al Hijr: And the dwellers of the thicket used to be unjust [15:78]
فَانْتَقَمْنا مِنْهُمْ وَ إِنَّهُما لَبِإِمامٍ مُبِينٍ
So We Took Revenge from them, and they were both upon a clear highway [15:79]
الشعراء كَذَّبَ أَصْحابُ الْأَيْكَةِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
(Surah) Al Shoara: The dwellers of the thicket belied the Rasools [26:176]
إِذْ قالَ لَهُمْ شُعَيْبٌ أَ لا تَتَّقُونَ
When Shuayb said to them: ‘Will you not fear?’ [26:177]
إِنِّي لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ
I am a trustworthy Rasool to you [26:178]
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ أَطِيعُونِ
Therefore fear Allah and obey me [26:179]
وَ ما أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ إِنْ أَجْرِيَ إِلَّا عَلى رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ
And I do not ask you for any Recompense over it. My Recompense is only upon Lord of the Worlds [26:180]
أَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ وَ لا تَكُونُوا مِنَ الْمُخْسِرِينَ
Fulfil the measure and do not become from the losers [26:181]
وَ زِنُوا بِالْقِسْطاسِ الْمُسْتَقِيمِ
And weigh equitably with a fair scale [26:182]
وَ لا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْياءَهُمْ وَ لا تَعْثَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ
And do not wrong the people of their things, and do not spread disturbance in the land, making mischief [26:183]
وَ اتَّقُوا الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ وَ الْجِبِلَّةَ الْأَوَّلِينَ
And fear the One Who Created you and the former generations’ [26:184]
قالُوا إِنَّما أَنْتَ مِنَ الْمُسَحَّرِينَ
They said, ‘But rather, you are from the bewitched ones [26:185]
وَ ما أَنْتَ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُنا وَ إِنْ نَظُنُّكَ لَمِنَ الْكاذِبِينَ
And you are not except a person like us, and that we think you are from the liars [26:186]
فَأَسْقِطْ عَلَيْنا كِسَفاً مِنَ السَّماءِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ
So drop a piece of the sky upon us, if you were one from the truthful ones!’ [26:187]
قالَ رَبِّي أَعْلَمُ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ
He said: ‘My Lord is more Knowing with what you are doing [26:188]
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَخَذَهُمْ عَذابُ يَوْمِ الظُّلَّةِ إِنَّهُ كانَ عَذابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
But they belied him, so the Punishment of the Day of shadows Seized them; it was a Punishment of a grievous Day [26:189]
إِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ لَآيَةً وَ ما كانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
Surely, in that there is a Sign, and most of them were not Momineen [26:190]
وَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ
And surely your Lord, He is the Mighty, the Merciful [26:191]
القصص وَ ما كُنْتَ ثاوِياً فِي أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ تَتْلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ آياتِنا وَ لكِنَّا كُنَّا مُرْسِلِينَ
(Surah) Al Qasas: And you were not a dweller among the inhabitants of Madyan reciting Our Verses to them, but We were the Senders [28:45]
العنكبوت وَ إِلى مَدْيَنَ أَخاهُمْ شُعَيْباً فَقالَ يا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَ ارْجُوا الْيَوْمَ الْآخِرَ وَ لا تَعْثَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ
(Surah) Al Ankabout: And to Madyan (We Sent) their brother Shuaib, so he said: ‘O people! Worship Allah and fear the Last Day and do not go about in the land making mischief [29:36]
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الرَّجْفَةُ فَأَصْبَحُوا فِي دارِهِمْ جاثِمِينَ
But they belied him, so the earthquake seized them and they became crouching (seeking safety) in their houses [29:37]
ق وَ أَصْحابُ الْأَيْكَةِ وَ قَوْمُ تُبَّعٍ كُلٌّ كَذَّبَ الرُّسُلَ فَحَقَّ وَعِيدِ
(Surah) Qaf: And the dwellers of the thicket, and people of Tubba, all belied the Rasools, therefore they were deserving of the Promised (Threat) [50:14].
Notes –
وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَا أَحْسَنَ الصَّبْرَ وَ انْتِظَارَ الْفَرَجِ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَ الْعَبْدِ الصَّالِحِ وَ ارْتَقِبُوا إِنِّي مَعَكُمْ رَقِيبٌ
And it is reported from Al-Reza-asws, he-asws said: ‘How excellent is the patience and awaiting the relief (12th Imam-ajfj)! Have you not heard the words of the righteous servant: and watch out, I (too) am watching out along with you [11:93]?’
1- ع، علل الشرائع الطَّالَقَانِيُّ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الرَّقِّيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ الرَّقِّيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بَكَى شُعَيْبٌ ع مِنْ حُبِّ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَتَّى عَمِيَ فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ بَصَرَهُ ثُمَّ بَكَى حَتَّى عَمِيَ فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَصَرَهُ ثُمَّ بَكَى حَتَّى عَمِيَ فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَصَرَهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الرَّابِعَةُ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ يَا شُعَيْبُ إِلَى مَتَى يَكُونُ هَذَا أَبَداً مِنْكَ إِنْ يَكُنْ هَذَا خَوْفاً مِنَ النَّارِ فَقَدْ آجَرْتُكَ- وَ إِنْ يَكُنْ شَوْقاً إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ فَقَدْ أَبَحْتُكَ
Al Talaqany, from Umar Bin Yusuf Bin Suleyman, from Al Qasim Bin Ibrahim Al Raqy, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Mahdy Al Raqy, from Abdul Razaq, from Umar, from Al Zuhry, from Anas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Shuayb-as cried from the love of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic until he was blinded. Allah-azwj Returned his eyesight. Then he-as cried until he-as was blinded. Allah-azwj Returned his-as eyesight. Then he-as cried until he-as was blinded. Allah-azwj Returned his-as eyesight. But when he-as was in the fourth time, Allah-azwj Revealed unto him-as: “O Shuayb-as! Until when will this be happening from you-as? If this is happening out of fear from the Fire, so I-azwj have Requited you-as, and if this is from the desire for the Paradise, so I-azwj have Endowed it to you-as”.
فَقَالَ إِلَهِي وَ سَيِّدِي أَنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنِّي مَا بَكَيْتُ خَوْفاً مِنْ نَارِكَ وَ لَا شَوْقاً إِلَى جَنَّتِكَ وَ لَكِنْ عَقَدَ حُبُّكَ عَلَى قَلْبِي فَلَسْتُ أَصْبِرُ أَوْ أَرَاكَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ إِلَيْهِ أَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ هَذَا هَكَذَا فَمِنْ أَجْلِ هَذَا سَأُخْدِمُكَ كَلِيمِي مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ
He-as said: ‘My-as God, and my-as Master! You-azwj Know that I-as am not crying out of fear from Your-azwj Fire, nor out of desire to be in Your-azwj Paradise, but I-as contracted Your-azwj love upon my-as heart. Thus, I-as have no patience upon that’. Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Said: “But if this is so, for this I-azwj would Make My-azwj Speaker Musa-as Bin Imran-as to serve you-as’’.[208]
2- فس، تفسير القمي بَعَثَ اللَّهُ شُعَيْباً إِلَى مَدْيَنَ وَ هِيَ قَرْيَةٌ عَلَى طَرِيقِ الشَّامِ فَلَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا بِهِ وَ حَكَى اللَّهُ قَوْلَهُمْ قالُوا يا شُعَيْبُ أَ صَلاتُكَ تَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ نَتْرُكَ ما يَعْبُدُ آباؤُنا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ الْحَلِيمُ الرَّشِيدُ قَالَ قَالُوا إِنَّكَ لَأَنْتَ السَّفِيهُ الْجَاهِلُ فَحَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَوْلَهُمْ إِنَّكَ لَأَنْتَ الْحَلِيمُ الرَّشِيدُ وَ إِنَّمَا أَهْلَكَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِنَقْصِ الْمِكْيَالِ وَ الْمِيزَانِ
(opinion)[209]
3- فس، تفسير القمي وَ إِنَّا لَنَراكَ فِينا ضَعِيفاً وَ قَدْ كَانَ ضَعُفَ بَصَرُهُ وَ ارْتَقِبُوا أَيِ انْتَظِرُوا فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ صَيْحَةً فَمَاتُوا- وَ ما كُنْتَ ثاوِياً أَيْ بَاقِياً
(opinion)[210]
4- فس، تفسير القمي فَكَذَّبُوهُ قَالَ قَوْمُ شُعَيْبٍ فَأَخَذَهُمْ عَذابُ يَوْمِ الظُّلَّةِ قَالَ يَوْمُ حَرٍّ وَ سَمَائِمَ- قَوْلُهُ أَصْحابُ الْأَيْكَةِ الْأَيْكَةُ الْغَيْضَةُ مِنَ الشَّجَرِ
(opinion)[211]
5- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ قالُوا رَبَّنا عَجِّلْ لَنا قِطَّنا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْحِسابِ قَالَ نَصِيبَهُمْ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Salma Bin Al Khatab, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Al Saqafy, from Ibrahim Bin Maymoun, form Mas’ab Bin Sa’ad, from Al Asbagh,
‘From Ali-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And they were saying, ‘O our Lord! Hasten on to us our portion before the Day of Reckoning [38:16], he-asws said: ‘Their share of the Punishment’’.[212]
6- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ سَعْدٍ الْإِسْكَافِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ عَمِلَ الْمِكْيَالَ وَ الْمِيزَانَ شُعَيْبٌ النَّبِيُّ ع عَمِلَهُ بِيَدِهِ فَكَانُوا يَكِيلُونَ وَ يُوفُونَ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ بَعْدُ طَفَّفُوا فِي الْمِكْيَالِ وَ بَخِسُوا فِي الْمِيزَانِ فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الرَّجْفَةُ فَعُذِّبُوا بِهَا فَأَصْبَحُوا فِي دارِهِمْ جاثِمِينَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Sa’ad Abady, from Al Barqy, from Ibn Mahboub, from Hisham, from Sa’ad Al Askaf,
‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘The first one to fulfil the measure and the weight was the Prophet Shuayb-as. He-as used to measure out with his-as own hands, and he-as used to fulfil the measurement. Till then, they (The Dwellers of the Thicket) used to cheat in the measure and be deficient in the weighing. So, they were Seized by the tremor, and they were Punished by it, and in the morning they were crouching in their houses’’.[213]
7- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: بَعَثَنِي هِشَامُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ أَسْتَخْرِجُ لَهُ بِئْراً فِي رُصَافَةِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ فَحَفَرْنَا مِنْهَا مِائَتَيْ قَامَةٍ ثُمَّ بَدَتْ لَنَا جُمْجُمَةُ رَجُلٍ طَوِيلٍ فَحَفَرْنَا مَا حَوْلَهَا فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ قَائِمٌ عَلَى صَخْرَةٍ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابٌ بِيضٌ وَ إِذَا كَفُّهُ الْيُمْنَى عَلَى رَأْسِهِ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ ضَرْبَةٍ بِرَأْسِهِ فَكُنَّا إِذَا نَحَّيْنَا يَدَهُ عَنْ رَأْسِهِ سَالَتِ الدِّمَاءُ وَ إِذَا تَرَكْنَاهَا عَادَتْ فَسَدَّتِ الْجُرْحَ وَ إِذَا فِي ثَوْبِهِ مَكْتُوبٌ أَنَا شُعَيْبُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ رَسُولُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَضَرَبُونِي وَ أَضَرُّوا بِي وَ طَرَحُونِي فِي هَذَا الْجُبِّ وَ هَالُوا إِلَيَّ التُّرَابَ- فَكَتَبْنَا إِلَى هِشَامٍ بِمَا رَأَيْنَاهُ فَكَتَبَ أَعِيدُوا عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ كَمَا كَانَ وَ احْتَفِرُوا فِي مَكَانٍ آخَرَ
(P.s. This is not a Hadeeth)[214]
8 كَنْزُ الْفَوَائِدِ لِلْكَرَاجُكِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْإِفْرِيقِيِّ قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ بِإِفْرِيقِيَةَ مَعَ عَمٍّ لِي إِلَى مَزْرُوعٍ لَنَا قَالَ فَحَفَرْنَا مَوْضِعاً فَأَصَبْنَا تُرَاباً هَشّاً فَحَفَرْنَاعَامَّةَ يَوْمِنَا حَتَّى انْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى بَيْتٍ كَهَيْئَةِ الْأَزَجِ فَإِذَا فِيهِ شَيْخٌ مُسَجًّى وَ إِذَا عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ كِتَابَةٌ فَقَرَأْتُهَا فَإِذَا أَنَا حَسَّانُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ رَسُولُ شُعَيْبٍ النَّبِيِّ ص إِلَى أَهْلِ هَذِهِ الْبِلَادِ دَعَوْتُهُمْ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ بِاللَّهِ فَكَذَّبُونِي وَ حَبَسُونِي فِي هَذَا الْحَفِيرِ إِلَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَنِيَ اللَّهُ وَ أُخَاصِمَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ ذَكَرُوا أَنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ مَرَّ بِوَادِي الْقُرَى فَأَمَرَ بِبِئْرٍ يُحْفَرُ فِيهِ فَفَعَلُوا فَانْتَهَى إِلَى صَخْرَةٍ فَاسْتُخْرِجَتْ فَإِذَا تَحْتَهَا رَجُلٌ عَلَيْهِ قَمِيصَانِ وَاضِعٌ يَدَهُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَجُذِبَتْ يَدُهُ فَمَجَّ مَكَانُهَا بِدَمٍ ثُمَّ تُرِكَتْ فَرَجَعَتْ إِلَى مَكَانِهَا فَرَقَأَ الدَّمُ- فَإِذَا مَعَهُ كِتَابٌ فِيهِ أَنَا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ الْغَسَّانِيُّ رَسُولُ شُعَيْبٍ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ فَكَذَّبُونِي وَ قَتَلُونِي
(P.s. – This is not a Hadeeth)[215]
9- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى وَهْبٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ شُعَيْباً النَّبِيَّ وَ أَيُّوبَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ بَلْعَمَ بْنَ بَاعُورَاءَ كَانُوا مِنْ وُلْدِ رَهْطٍ آمَنُوا لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ يَوْمَ أُحْرِقَ فَنَجَا وَ هَاجَرُوا مَعَهُ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَزَوَّجَهُمْ بَنَاتِ لُوطٍ فَكُلُّ نَبِيٍّ كَانَ قَبْلَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ بَعْدَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع مِنْ نَسْلِ أُولَئِكَ الرَّهْطِ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ شُعَيْباً إِلَى أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ وَ لَمْ يَكُونُوا فَصِيلَةَ شُعَيْبٍ وَ لَا قَبِيلَتَهُ الَّتِي كَانَ مِنْهَا وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا أُمَّةً مِنَ الْأُمَمِ بُعِثَ إِلَيْهِمْ شُعَيْبٌ وَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَلِكٌ جَبَّارٌ وَ لَا يُطِيقُهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ مُلُوكِ عَصْرِهِ وَ كَانُوا يَنْقُصُونَ الْمِكْيَالَ وَ الْمِيزَانَ وَ يَبْخَسُونَ النَّاسَ أَشْيَاءَهُمْ مَعَ كُفْرِهِمْ بِاللَّهِ وَ تَكْذِيبِهِمْ لِنَبِيِّهِ وَ عُتُوِّهِمْ وَ كَانُوا يَسْتَوْفُونَ إِذَا اكْتَالُوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ أَوْ وَزَنُوا لَهُ فَكَانُوا فِي سَعَةٍ مِنَ الْعَيْشِ فَأَمَرَهُمُ الْمَلِكُ بِاحْتِكَارِ الطَّعَامِ وَ نَقْصِ مَكَايِيلِهِمْ وَ مَوَازِينِهِمْ وَ وَعَظَهُمْ شُعَيْبٌ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَلِكُ مَا تَقُولُ فِيمَا صَنَعْتُ أَ رَاضٍ أَنْتَ أَمْ سَاخِطٌ فَقَالَ شُعَيْبٌ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيَّ أَنَّ الْمَلِكَ إِذَا صَنَعَ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعْتَ يُقَالُ لَهُ مَلِكٌ فَاجِرٌ فَكَذَّبَهُ الْمَلِكُ وَ أَخْرَجَهُ وَ قَوْمَهُ مِنْ مَدِينَتِهِ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى حِكَايَةً عَنْهُمْ لَنُخْرِجَنَّكَ يا شُعَيْبُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَكَ مِنْ قَرْيَتِنا فَزَادَهُمْ شُعَيْبٌ فِي الْوَعْظِ فَقَالُوا يا شُعَيْبُ أَ صَلاتُكَ تَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ نَتْرُكَ ما يَعْبُدُ آباؤُنا أَوْ أَنْ نَفْعَلَ فِي أَمْوالِنا ما نَشؤُا فَآذَوْهُ بِالنَّفْيِ مِنْ بِلَادِهِمْ فَسَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحَرَّ وَ الْغَيْمَ حَتَّى أَنْضَجَهُمُ اللَّهُ فَلَبِثُوا فِيهِ تِسْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ صَارَ مَاؤُهُمْ حَمِيماً لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ شُرْبَهُ فَانْطَلَقُوا إِلَى غَيْضَةٍ لَهُمْ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى أَصْحابُ الْأَيْكَةِ فَرَفَعَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ سَحَابَةً سَوْدَاءَ فَاجْتَمَعُوا فِي ظِلِّهَا فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَاراً مِنْهَا فَأَحْرَقَتْهُمْ فَلَمْ يَنْجُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى فَأَخَذَهُمْ عَذابُ يَوْمِ الظُّلَّةِ وَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا ذُكِرَ عِنْدَهُ شُعَيْبٌ قَالَ ذَلِكَ خَطِيبُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلَمَّا أَصَابَ قَوْمَهُ مَا أَصَابَهُمْ لَحِقَ شُعَيْبٌ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ بِمَكَّةَ فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا بِهَا حَتَّى مَاتُوا وَ الرِّوَايَةُ الصَّحِيحَةُ أَنَّ شُعَيْباً ع صَارَ مِنْهَا إِلَى مَدْيَنَ فَأَقَامَ بِهَا وَ بِهَا لَقِيَهُ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا
(Judeo Christian literature)[216]
10- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جَنَاحٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: قِيلَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَدِّثْنَا قَالَ إِنَّ شُعَيْباً النَّبِيَّ ع دَعَا قَوْمَهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ حَتَّى كَبِرَ سِنُّهُ وَ دَقَّ عَظْمُهُ ثُمَّ غَابَ عَنْهُمْ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَيْهِمْ شَابّاً فَدَعَاهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَقَالُوا مَا صَدَّقْنَاكَ شَيْخاً فَكَيْفَ نُصَدِّقُكَ شَابّاً
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Aban, from Ibn Awrama, from one of our companions, from Saeed Bin junah, from Ayoub Bin Rashid,
‘Raising it to Ali-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘It was said, ‘The Prophet Shuayb-as called his-as people to Allah-azwj until his-as age was old, and his-as bones were brittle. Then he-as was absent from them for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired. Then he-as returned to them as a youth, and he-as called them to Allah-azwj the Exalted, and they said, ‘We did not ratify you-as as an old man, so how can we ratify you-as as a youth?’’
وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يُكَرِّرُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحَدِيثَ مِرَاراً كَثِيرَةً
And it so happened, Ali-asws repeated the Hadeeth to them many times’’.[217]
11- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَمْ يَبْعَثِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ إِلَّا خَمْسَةً هُوداً وَ صَالِحاً وَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ شُعَيْباً وَ مُحَمَّداً خَاتَمَ النَّبِيِّينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ كَانَ شُعَيْبٌ بَكَّاءً
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By this chain from Ibn Awrama, from the one who mentioned it, from Al A’ala, from Al Fazeyl who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic did not Send (a Prophet) from the Arabs except five – Hud-as, and Salih-as, and Ismail-as, and Shuayb-as, and Muhammad-saww, last of the Prophets-as, was a crier (readily inclined to shed tears frequently)’’.[218]
12- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عِصْمَةَ قَاضِي مَرْوَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى شُعَيْبٍ النَّبِيِّ أَنِّي مُعَذِّبٌ مِنْ قَوْمِكَ مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفاً مِنْ شِرَارِهِمْ وَ سِتِّينَ أَلْفاً مِنْ خِيَارِهِمْ فَقَالَ ع يَا رَبِّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَشْرَارُ فَمَا بَالُ الْأَخْيَارِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ دَاهَنُوا أَهْلَ الْمَعَاصِي وَ لَمْ يَغْضَبُوا لِغَضَبِي
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from one of our companions, from Bashi bin Abdullah, from Abu Asmah judge of Merv, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to the Prophet Shuayb-as: “I-azwj will be Punishing, from your-as people, one hundred thousand, forty thousand being from their evil ones and sixty thousand being from their good ones”. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj!’ They (the forty thousand) are evil, but what is the matter with the good ones?’ Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto him-as: “They sweet-talked the people of the disobedience and were not angry due to My-azwj Anger”’.[219]
13- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الصَّدُوقِ عَنِ الطَّالَقَانِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى بَعَثَ شُعَيْباً إِلَى قَوْمِهِ وَ كَانَ لَهُمْ مَلِكٌ فَأَصَابَهُ مِنْهُمْ بَلَاءٌ فَلَمَّا رَأَى الْمَلِكُ أَنَّ الْقَوْمَ قَدْ خَصِبُوا أَرْسَلَ إِلَى عُمَّالِهِ فَحَبَسُوا عَلَى النَّاسِ الطَّعَامَ وَ أَغْلَوْا أَسْعَارَهُمْ وَ نَقَصُوا مَكَايِيلَهُمْ وَ مَوَازِينَهُمْ وَ بَخِسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْيَاءَهُمْ وَ عَتَوْا عَنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّهِمْ فَكَانُوا مُفْسِدِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain from Al Sadouq, from Al Talaqny, from Ahmad Bin Imran, from Yahya Bin Abdul Hameed, from Isa Bin Rashid, from Ali Bin Khuzeyma, from Ikrima, from Ibn Abbas who said,
Allah the Exalted Sent Shuayb-as to his people, and there was a king of theirs, and the afflictions came from them. When the king saw the people becoming prosperous, he sent orders to his office bearers, so they withheld the food from the people, and increased their prices, and reduced their weights and measures, and undervalued their things, and transgressed from the Command of their Lord, and were spreading corruption in the land.
فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ شُعَيْبٌ ع قَالَ لَهُمْ لا تَنْقُصُوا الْمِكْيالَ وَ الْمِيزانَ إِنِّي أَراكُمْ بِخَيْرٍ وَ إِنِّي أَخافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذابَ يَوْمٍ مُحِيطٍ فَأَرْسَلَ الْمَلِكُ إِلَيْهِ بِالْإِنْكَارِ
When Shuayb-as saw that, he-as said to them: and do not undervalue the measures and the weights. I view you with goodness and I fear upon you the Punishment of an encompassing Day [11:84]. The king sent a message to him-as with the denial.
فَقَالَ شُعَيْبٌ إِنَّهُ مَنْهِيٌّ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ الْوَحْيُ الَّذِي أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيَّ بِهِ أَنَّ الْمَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَ بِمَنْزِلَتِكَ الَّتِي نَزَلْتَهَا يُنْزِلُ اللَّهُ بِسَاحَتِهِ نَقِمَتَهُ
Shuayb-as said: ‘It has been Prohibited in the Book of Allah-azwj the Exalted and the Revelation which Allah-azwj has Revealed to me-as with, whenever the king is in your position which he reaches, Allah-azwj Sends down a cloud of Punishment!’
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ الْمَلِكُ ذَلِكَ أَخْرَجَهُ مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ سَحَابَةً فَأَظَلَّتْهُمْ فَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي بُيُوتِهِمُ السَّمُومَ وَ فِي طَرِيقِهِمُ الشَّمْسَ الْحَارَّةَ وَ فِي الْقَرْيَةِ فَجَعَلُوا يَخْرُجُونَ مِنْ بُيُوتِهِمْ وَ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَى السَّحَابَةِ الَّتِي قَدْ أَظَلَّتْهُمْ مِنْ أَسْفَلِهَا فَانْطَلَقُوا سَرِيعاً كُلُّهُمْ إِلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ كَانُوا يُوفُونَ الْمِكْيَالَ وَ الْمِيزَانَ وَ لَا يَبْخَسُونَ النَّاسَ أَشْيَاءَهُمْ
When the king heard that, he expelled him from the town. Allah-azwj Sent down a cloud to them. It shaded them, and sent toxins upon them, and the scorching sun in their roads and in the town. They went on to come out from their houses and looking at the cloud which had shaded them from its bottom. All of them quickly went to the families which were fulfilling the measures and the weights and were to undervaluing the people of their things.
فَنَصَحَهُمُ اللَّهُ- وَ أَخْرَجَهُمْ مِنْ بَيْنِ الْعُصَاةِ ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْقَرْيَةِ مِنْ تِلْكَ السَّحَابَةِ عَذَاباً وَ نَاراً فَأَهْلَكَتْهُمْ وَ عَاشَ شُعَيْبٌ ع مِائَتَيْنِ وَ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً
Allah-azwj Advised them and Extracted them from between the disobedient people, then Sent upon the people, punishment and fire from that cloud. It destroyed them, while Shuayb-as lived for two hundred and forty two years’.[220]
14- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَراكُمْ بِخَيْرٍ قَالَ كَانَ سِعْرُهُمْ رَخِيصاً
‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from one of our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: I view you with goodness [11:84], he-asws said: ‘Their prices were low (inflation)’’.[221]
Up to here completes the twelfth volume of the book Bihar Al Anwaar
[1] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 1
[2] ( 2) ساس الدوابّ: قام عليها و راضها. ساس القوم: دبرهم و تولى أمرهم. و في الأمالي:
و سبينا.
[3] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 2
[4] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 3
[5] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 4
[6] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 5
[7] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 6
[8] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 7
[9] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 8
[10] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 9
[11] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 10
[12] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 11
[13] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 12
[14] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 13
[15] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 14
[16] ( 4) في نسخة: نون، و التنين كسجين: الحوت، الحية العظيمة.
[17] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 15
[18] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 16
[19] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 17
[20] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 18
[21] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 19
[22] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 20
[23] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 21
[24] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 22
[25] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 23
[26] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 24
[27] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 25
[28] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 26
[29] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 27
[30] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 28
[31] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 29
[32] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 30
[33] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 31
[34] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 32
[35] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 33
[36] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 1
[37] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 2
[38] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 3
[39] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 4
[40] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 5
[41] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 6
[42] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 7
[43] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 8
[44] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 9
[45] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 10
[46] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 11
[47] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 12
[48] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 13
[49] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 14
[50] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 15
[51] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 16
[52] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 17
[53] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 18
[54] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 19
[55] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 20
[56] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 21
[57] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 22
[58] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 23
[59] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 24
[60] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 25
[61] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 26
[62] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 27
[63] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 28
[64] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 29
[65] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 30
[66] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 31
[67] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 32
[68] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 33
[69] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 34
[70] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 35
[71] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 36
[72] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 37
[73] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 38
[74] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 39
[75] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 40
[76] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 41
[77] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 42
[78] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 43
[79] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 44
[80] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 45
[81] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 46
[82] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 47
[83] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 48
[84] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 49
[85] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 50
[86] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 51
[87] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 52
[88] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 53
[89] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 54
[90] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 55
[91] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 56
[92] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 57
[93] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 58
[94] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 59
[95] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 60
[96] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 61
[97] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 62
[98] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 63
[99] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 64
[100] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 65
[101] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 66
[102] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 67
[103] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 68
[104] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 69
[105] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 70
[106] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 71
[107] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 72
[108] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 73
[109] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 74
[110] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 75
[111] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 76
[112] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 77
[113] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 78
[114] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 79
[115] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 80
[116] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 81
[117] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 82
[118] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 83
[119] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 84
[120] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 85
[121] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 86
[122] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 87
[123] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 88
[124] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 89
[125] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 90
[126] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 91
[127] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 92
[128] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 93
[129] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 94
[130] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 95
[131] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 96
[132] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 97
[133] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 98
[134] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 99
[135] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 100
[136] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 101
[137] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 102
[138] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 103
[139] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 104
[140] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 105
[141] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 106
[142] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 107
[143] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 108
[144] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 109
[145] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 110
[146] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 111
[147] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 112
[148] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 113
[149] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 114
[150] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 115
[151] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 116
[152] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 117
[153] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 118
[154] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 119
[155] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 120
[156] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 121
[157] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 122
[158] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 123
[159] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 124
[160] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 125
[161] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 126
[162] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 127
[163] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 128
[164] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 129
[165] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 130
[166] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 131
[167] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 132
[168] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 133
[169] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 134
[170] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 135
[171] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 136
[172] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 137
[173] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 138
[174] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 139
[175] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 140
[176] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 141
[177] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 142
[178] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 143
[179] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 144
[180] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 145
[181] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 146
[182] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 147
[183] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 1
[184] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 2
[185] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 3
[186] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 4
[187] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 5
[188] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 6
[189] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 7
[190] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 8
[191] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 9
[192] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 10
[193] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 11
[194] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 12
[195] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 13
[196] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 14
[197] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 15
[198] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 16
[199] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 17
[200] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 18
[201] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 19
[202] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 20
[203] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 21
[204] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 22
[205] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 23
[206] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 24
[207] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 25
[208] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 1
[209] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 2
[210] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 3
[211] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 4
[212] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 5
[213] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 6
[214] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 7
[215] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 8
[216] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 9
[217] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 10
[218] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 11
[219] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 12
[220] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 13
[221] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 11 The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 14