بحار الأنوار
Volume 13
Part 1 out of 3
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
أبواب قصص موسى و هارون عليه السلام
CHAPTERS ON STORIES OF MUSA-as AND HAROUN-as
باب 1 نقش خاتمهما و علل تسميتهما و فضائلهما و سننهما و بعض أحوالهما
CHAPTER 1 – ENGRAVING OF THEIR-as RINGS AND REASONS FOR THEIR-as NAMES AND THEIR-as MERITS AND THEIR-as SUNNAHS AND SOME OF THEIR-as SITUATIONS
الآيات البقرة وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسَى الْكِتابَ وَ قَفَّيْنا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ بِالرُّسُلِ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Baqarah: And We had Given Musa the Book and We Followed it up from after him, with the Rasools; [2:87]
آل عمران وَ أَنْزَلَ التَّوْراةَ وَ الْإِنْجِيلَ مِنْ قَبْلُ هُدىً لِلنَّاسِ
(Surah) Aal-e-Imraan: and He Revealed the Torah and the Evangel [3:3] Beforehand, as Guidance for the people [3:4]
هود وَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ كِتابُ مُوسى إِماماً وَ رَحْمَةً
(Surah) Hud-as: and from before it was the Book of Musa, an Imam and a Mercy, [11:17]
و قال وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسَى الْكِتابَ فَاخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ وَ لَوْ لا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِنْ رَبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ إِنَّهُمْ لَفِي شَكٍّ مِنْهُ مُرِيبٍ
And Said: And We Have Given Musa the Book, but they differed regarding it, and had not a Word preceded from your Lord, it would have been Decided between them, and they are in grave doubt from it [11:110]
إبراهيم وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنا مُوسى بِآياتِنا أَنْ أَخْرِجْ قَوْمَكَ مِنَ الظُّلُماتِ إِلَى النُّورِ وَ ذَكِّرْهُمْ بِأَيَّامِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ لَآياتٍ لِكُلِّ صَبَّارٍ شَكُورٍ
(Surah) Ibrahim-as: And We had Sent Musa with Our Signs: “Take your people out from the (multiple) darkness into the light and remind them of the Days of Allah. Surely in that are Signs for every patient, grateful one” [14:5]
مريم وَ اذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتابِ مُوسى إِنَّهُ كانَ مُخْلَصاً وَ كانَ رَسُولًا نَبِيًّا
(Surah) Maryam-as: And mention Musa in the Book; he was sincere, and he was a Rasool, a Prophet [19:51]
وَ نادَيْناهُ مِنْ جانِبِ الطُّورِ الْأَيْمَنِ وَ قَرَّبْناهُ نَجِيًّا
And We Called to him from the right side of the (mount) Toor, and We Drew him closer, whispering [19:52]
وَ وَهَبْنا لَهُ مِنْ رَحْمَتِنا أَخاهُ هارُونَ نَبِيًّا
And We Gifted to him from Our Mercy, his brother Haroun, a Prophet
الأنبياء وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسى وَ هارُونَ الْفُرْقانَ وَ ضِياءً وَ ذِكْراً لِلْمُتَّقِينَ
(Surah) Al-Anbiya: And We had Given the Furqan to Musa and Haroun as an illumination and a Zikr for the pious [21:48]
التنزيل وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسَى الْكِتابَ فَلا تَكُنْ فِي مِرْيَةٍ مِنْ لِقائِهِ وَ جَعَلْناهُ هُدىً لِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ
(Surah) Al Tanzeel: And We had Given Musa the Book, therefore you (Jews) should not be in doubt from meeting Him, and We Made him a guide for the Children of Israel [32:23]
وَ جَعَلْنا مِنْهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنا لَمَّا صَبَرُوا وَ كانُوا بِآياتِنا يُوقِنُونَ
And We Made Imams from them, guiding by Our Command, due to their being patient, and they were certain of Our Signs [32:24]
الأحزاب يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ آذَوْا مُوسى فَبَرَّأَهُ اللَّهُ مِمَّا قالُوا وَ كانَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَجِيهاً
(Surah) Al Ahzaab: O you those who believe! Do not become like those who hurt Musa. Allah Cleared him from what they said, and he had a high esteem in the Presence of Allah [33:69]
الصافات وَ لَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلى مُوسى وَ هارُونَ
(Surah) Al Safaat: And We had Conferred a Favour upon Musa and Haroun [37:114]
وَ نَجَّيْناهُما وَ قَوْمَهُما مِنَ الْكَرْبِ الْعَظِيمِ
And We Delivered them both and their people from the mighty distress [37:115]
وَ نَصَرْناهُمْ فَكانُوا هُمُ الْغالِبِينَ
And We Helped them, so they were the triumphant ones [37:116]
وَ آتَيْناهُمَا الْكِتابَ الْمُسْتَبِينَ
And We Gave them the Book explaining clearly [37:117]
وَ هَدَيْناهُمَا الصِّراطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ
And We Guided them both (to) the Straight Path [37:118]
وَ تَرَكْنا عَلَيْهِما فِي الْآخِرِينَ
And upon it, We Left (their mention to be) among the later ones [37:119]
سَلامٌ عَلى مُوسى وَ هارُونَ
Greetings be upon Musa and Haroun [37:120]
إِنَّا كَذلِكَ نَجْزِي الْمُحْسِنِينَ
Surely, like that do we Recompense the good doers [37:121]
إِنَّهُما مِنْ عِبادِنَا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
They were both from Our servants, the Momineen [37:122]
المؤمن وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسَى الْهُدى وَ أَوْرَثْنا بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ الْكِتابَ
(Surah) Al Momin: And We had Given Musa the Guidance and Made the Children of Israel to inherit the Book [40:53]
هُدىً وَ ذِكْرى لِأُولِي الْأَلْبابِ
Being a Guidance and a Zikr to the ones of understanding [40:54]
السجدة وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسَى الْكِتابَ فَاخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ
(Surah) Al Sajdah: And We had Given Musa the Book, but there was differing in it, [41:45]
الأحقاف وَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ كِتابُ مُوسى إِماماً وَ رَحْمَةً
(Surah) Al Ahqaf: And from before it was the Book of Musa, an Imam and a Mercy, [46:12]
Notes –
وَ قَدْ وَرَدَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ لَيْلَةَ أُسْرِيَ بِي مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ رَجُلًا آدَمَ طُوَالًا جَعْداً كَأَنَّهُ مِنْ رِجَالِ شَبْوَةَ وَ رَأَيْتُ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ رَجُلًا مَرْبُوعَ الْخَلْقِ إِلَى الْحُمْرَةِ وَ الْبَيَاضِ سَبِطَ الرَّأْسِ
And it has been referred in the Hadeeth, he-saww said: ‘O the night there was an ascension with me, I-saww saw Musa-as Bin Imran-as as a dark-skinned, tall man with curly hair, as though he were one of the men of Shabwah. And I-saww saw ʿIsa ibn Maryam-as as a man of medium stature, with a complexion inclining toward red and white, and with straight hair’.
1- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي خَبَرِ الْمِعْرَاجِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ ثُمَّ صَعِدْنَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الْخَامِسَةِ فَإِذَا فِيهَا رَجُلٌ كَهْلٌ عَظِيمُ الْعَيْنِ لَمْ أَرَ كَهْلًا أَعْظَمَ مِنْهُ حَوْلَهُ ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنْ أُمَّتِهِ فَأَعْجَبَتْنِي كَثْرَتُهُمْ فَقُلْتُ مَنْ هَذَا يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws in a Hadeeth of Mi’raj (Ascension), from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Then we ascended to the fifth sky, and in it there was an old man of large eyes, I-saww had not seen anyone older than him, around him were three from his community. Their number astounded me-saww, so I-saww said: ‘Who is this one, O Jibraeel-as?’
فَقَالَ هَذَا الْمُجِيبُ لِقَوْمِهِ هَارُونُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلَّمَ عَلَيَّ وَ اسْتَغْفَرْتُ لَهُ وَ اسْتَغْفَرَ لِي وَ إِذَا فِيهَا مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ الْخُشُوعِ مِثْلُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ
He-as said: ‘This one is the respondent to his people, Haroun Bin Imran-as’. I-saww greeted unto him-as and he-as greeted unto me-saww, and I-saww sought Forgiveness for him-as and he-as sought Forgiveness for me-saww; and there, from the Angels, there was humbleness like what was in the skies.
ثُمَّ صَعِدْنَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ السَّادِسَةِ وَ إِذَا فِيهَا رَجُلٌ آدَمُ طَوِيلٌ كَأَنَّهُ مِنْ شَبْوَةَ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ قَمِيصَيْنِ لَنَفَذَ شَعْرُهُ فِيهِمَا وَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ يَزْعُمُ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنِّي أَكْرَمُ وُلْدِ آدَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَ هَذَا رَجُلٌ أَكْرَمُ عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنِّي فَقُلْتُ مَنْ هَذَا يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ
Then we ascended to the sixth sky, and in it was a man of tall stature as if he were from Shabwa (a valley), and had there been two shirts upon him, his hair would have protruded out from these, and I-saww heard him-as saying: ‘The Children of Israel allege that I am the most prestigious of the children of Adam-as to Allah-azwj, and this (Muhammad-saww is a man more honourable to Allah-azwj than I am’. I-saww said: ‘Who is this one, O Jibraeel-as?’
فَقَالَ أَخُوكَ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلَّمَ عَلَيَّ وَ اسْتَغْفَرْتُ لَهُ وَ اسْتَغْفَرَ لِي وَ إِذَا فِيهَا مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ الْخُشُوعِ مِثْلُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ
He-as said: ‘Your-saww brother Musa-as Bin Imran-as’. I-saww greeted unto him-as and he-as greeted unto me-saww, and I-saww sought Forgiveness for him-as and he-as sought Forgiveness for him-as, and therein from the Angels, there was humbleness like what was in the skies’’.[1]
2- فس، تفسير القمي فِي خَبَرِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ مَعَ مَلِكِ الرُّومِ أَنَّهُ عَرَضَ عَلَى الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ صُوَرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ صَنَماً قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ هَذِهِ صِفَةُ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ وَ كَانَ عُمُرُهُ مِائَتَيْنِ وَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً وَ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَمْسُمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – In a Hadeeth of Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws with a king of Rome, he presented unto Al-Hassan-asws images of the Prophets-as, and he presented an idol to him-as. He-asws said: ‘This is a description of Musa-as Bin Imran-as, and his-as age was two hundred and forty years, and between him-as and Ibrahim-as, were five hundred years’’.[2]
3- ل، الخصال ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرَّازِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ اخْتَارَ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَرْبَعَةً لِلسَّيْفِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ دَاوُدَ وَ مُوسَى وَ أَنَا وَ اخْتَارَ مِنَ الْبُيُوتَاتِ أَرْبَعَةً فَقَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفى آدَمَ وَ نُوحاً وَ آلَ إِبْراهِيمَ وَ آلَ عِمْرانَ عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ الْخَبَرَ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – Ibn Idrees, from his father, from Al Ashary, from Abu Abdullah Al Razy, from Ibn Abu Usman, from Musa Bin Bakr,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Allah-azwj Chose from the Prophets-as for the sword – Ibrahim-as, and Dawood-as, and Musa-as, and I-saww; and He-azwj Chose from the Households, four, so the Mighty and Majestic Said: Surely Allah chose Adam and Noah and the progeny of Ibrahim and the progeny of Imran above the worlds [3:33]’ – the Hadeeth’.[3]
4- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ع، علل الشرائع ل، الخصال سَأَلَ الشَّامِيُّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ يَوْمَ يَفِرُّ الْمَرْءُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ وَ أُمِّهِ وَ أَبِيهِ وَ صاحِبَتِهِ وَ بَنِيهِ مَنْ هُمْ
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – The Syrian asked Amir Al-Momineen-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: (It would be) a Day the person will flee from his own brother [80:34] And his mother, and his father [80:35] And his spouse and his son [80:36]. ‘Who are they?’
فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَابِيلُ يَفِرُّ مِنْ هَابِيلَ وَ الَّذِي يَفِرُّ مِنْ أُمِّهِ مُوسَى وَ الَّذِي يَفِرُّ مِنْ أَبِيهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَ الَّذِي يَفِرُّ مِنْ صَاحِبَتِهِ لُوطٌ وَ الَّذِي يَفِرُّ مِنِ ابْنِهِ نُوحٌ يَفِرُّ مِنِ ابْنِهِ كَنْعَانَ
He-asws said: ‘Qabeel-la would flee from Habeel-as, and the one who would flee from his-as mother is Musa-as, and the one who will flee from his father is Ibrahim-as, and the one who will flee from his spouse is Lut-as, and the one who will flee from his son is Noah-as from his-as son Canaan’’.[4]
5- ل، الخصال فِي خَبَرِ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَوَّلُ نَبِيٍّ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مُوسَى وَ آخِرُهُمْ عِيسَى وَ سِتُّمِائَةِ نَبِيٍ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – In a Hadeeth of Abu Zarr-ra, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The first Prophet-as from the Children of Israel is Musa-as, and their last one is Isa-as and (there were) six hundred Prophets-as’’.[5]
6- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنِ الْمُظَفَّرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جُمْهُورٍ الْعَمِّيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَ تَدْرِي يَا مُوسَى لِمَ انْتَجَبْتُكَ مِنْ خَلْقِي وَ اصْطَفَيْتُكَ لِكَلَامِي فَقَالَ لَا يَا رَبِّ
Al Mufeed, from Al Muzaffar Bin Muhammad al Khurasany, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Alawy, from Al-Hassan Ibn Muhammad Bin Jamhou Al Amy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Jameel Bin Daraj,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to Musa-as Bin Imran-as: “Do you know, O Musa-as, why I-azwj Selected you-as from My-azwj creatures and Chose you-as for My-azwj Speech?” He-as said: ‘No, O Lord-azwj’.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ إِنِّي اطَّلَعْتُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ فَلَمْ أَجِدْ عَلَيْهَا أَشَدَّ تَوَاضُعاً لِي مِنْكَ فَخَرَّ مُوسَى سَاجِداً وَ عَفَّرَ خَدَّيْهِ فِي التُّرَابِ تَذَلُّلًا مِنْهُ لِرَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ ارْفَعْ رَأْسَكَ يَا مُوسَى وَ أَمِرَّ يَدَكَ فِي مَوْضِعِ سُجُودِكَ وَ امْسَحْ بِهَا وَجْهَكَ وَ مَا نَالَتْهُ مِنْ بَدَنِكَ فَإِنَّهُ أَمَانٌ مِنْ كُلِّ سُقْمٍ وَ دَاءٍ وَ آفَةٍ وَ عَاهَةٍ
Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “I-azwj had Looked at the earth but did not Find anyone upon it more intensely revering to Me-azwj than you-as!” He-as fell in Sajdah and wiped his-as cheek in the soil humbling from it to his-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “Raise your-as head, O Musa-as, and pass your-as hand in the place of your-as Sajdah, and wipe your-as face with it and what follows from your-as body, for it is a security from every illness, and disease, and affliction and disability’’.[6]
7- ع، علل الشرائع الطَّالَقَانِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَيْلَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ جَدِّهِ عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ أُسَيْدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَمَّنْ سَمِعَ مُقَاتِلَ بْنَ سُلَيْمَانَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى بَارَكَ عَلَى مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ هُوَ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ بِثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ وَ سِتِّينَ بَرَكَةً فَالْتَقَطَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ مِنْ بَيْنِ الْمَاءِ وَ الشَّجَرِ وَ هُوَ التَّابُوتُ فَمِنْ ثَمَّ سُمِّيَ مُوسَى وَ بِلُغَةِ الْقِبْطِ الْمَاءُ مُو وَ الشَّجَرُ سَى فَسَمَّوْهُ مُوسَى لِذَلِكَ
‘Ilal Al Shaaraie’ – Al Talaqany, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Zakariya, from Muhammad Bni Jaylan who said, ‘It is narrated to me by my father, from his father, and his grandfather, fromGiyas Bin Useyd who said, ‘It is narrated to me from the one who heard Muqatil Bin Suleyman saying,
‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Blessed upon Musa-as Bin Imran-as with three hundred and sixty Blessings while he-as was in the belly of his-as mother-as. Pharaoh-la picked him-as up from between the water and the trees, and it is the casket. From them he-as was named as ‘Musa’, and in the Coptic language, ‘Mu’ is the water, and ‘Sa’ is the tree, so he-as was named as ‘Musa’ due to that’. (P.S. – This is not a Hadeeth)[7]
8- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَ تَدْرِي لِمَا اصْطَفَيْتُكَ بِكَلَامِي دُونَ خَلْقِي فَقَالَ مُوسَى لَا يَا رَبِّ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from sa’ad, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umey, from Ali Bin Yaqteen, from a man,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Musa-as: “Do you-as know for what I-azwj Chose you-as for My-azwj Speech besides My-azwj (other) creatures?” Musa-as said: ‘No, O Lord-azwj’.
فَقَالَ يَا مُوسَى إِنِّي قَلَّبْتُ عِبَادِي ظَهْراً لِبَطْنٍ فَلَمْ أَجِدْ فِيهِمْ أَحَداً أَذَلَّ لِي مِنْكَ نَفْساً يَا مُوسَى إِنَّكَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ وَضَعْتَ خَدَّيْكَ عَلَى التُّرَابِ
He-azwj Said: “O Musa-as! I-azwj Overturn My-azwj servants in the back of the belly, but did not Find among them anyone more humbling himself to Me-azwj than you-as. O Musa-as, when you-as prayed Salat and placed your-as cheek upon the soil.[8]
9- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ احْتُبِسَ عَنْهُ الْوَحْيُ أَرْبَعِينَ أَوْ ثَلَاثِينَ صَبَاحاً قَالَ فَصَعِدَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ بِالشَّامِ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَرِيحَا فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنْ كُنْتَ حَبَسْتَ عَنِّي وَحْيَكَ وَ كَلَامَكَ لِذُنُوبِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَغُفْرَانُكَ الْقَدِيمُ
‘Ilal Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Abu Al Khatab, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Is’haq Bin Amaar who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Musa-as, the Revelation was Withheld from him-as for forty or thirty mornings. He-as climbed upon a mountain in Syria called Areya and he-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! If You-azwj have Withheld Your-azwj Revelation from me-as due to the sins of the Children of Israel, then Forgive (them), Your-azwj Forgiveness is Eternally Ancient’.
قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ أَ تَدْرِي لِمَا اصْطَفَيْتُكَ لِوَحْيِي وَ كَلَامِي دُونَ خَلْقِي فَقَالَ لَا عِلْمَ لِي يَا رَبِّ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to him-as: “O Musa-as Bin Imran-as! Do you-as know for what I-azwj Chose you-as for My-azwj Revelation and My-azwj Speech besides My-azwj (other) creatures?” He-as said: ‘There is no knowledge for me-as, O Lord-azwj’.
فَقَالَ يَا مُوسَى إِنِّي اطَّلَعْتُ إِلَى خَلْقِي اطِّلَاعَةً فَلَمْ أَجِدْ فِي خَلْقِي أَشَدَّ تَوَاضُعاً لِي مِنْكَ فَمِنْ ثَمَّ خَصَصْتُكَ بِوَحْيِي وَ كَلَامِي مِنْ بَيْنِ خَلْقِي
He-as said: ‘O Musa-as! I-azwj Looked at My-azwj Creatures but could not find anyone among My-azwj creatures more intensely revering to Me-azwj than you-as. Thus, from then, I-azwj Particularised you-as with My-azwj Revelation and My-azwj Speech, from between My-azwj creatures!”
قَالَ وَ كَانَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِذَا صَلَّى لَمْ يَنْفَتِلْ حَتَّى يُلْصِقَ خَدَّهُ الْأَيْمَنَ بِالْأَرْضِ وَ الْأَيْسَرَ
He-asws said: ‘And Musa-as, whenever he-as prayed Salat, did not finish until he-as adhered his-as right cheek with the ground, and the left’’.[9]
10- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانُوا يَقُولُونَ لَيْسَ لِمُوسَى مَا لِلرِّجَالِ وَ كَانَ مُوسَى إِذَا أَرَادَ الِاغْتِسَالَ ذَهَبَ إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ لَا يَرَاهُ فِيهِ أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَ كَانَ يَوْماً يَغْتَسِلُ عَلَى شَطِّ نَهَرٍ وَ قَدْ وَضَعَ ثِيَابَهُ عَلَى صَخْرَةٍ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ الصَّخْرَةَ فَتَبَاعَدَتْ عَنْهُ حَتَّى نَظَرَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ إِلَيْهِ فَعَلِمُوا أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ كَمَا قَالُوا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ آذَوْا مُوسى فَبَرَّأَهُ اللَّهُ مِمَّا قالُوا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَجِيهاً
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Al Nazar, from Safwan, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘The Children of Israel were saying, ‘There isn’t for Musa-as what there is for the men’, and whenever Musa-as wanted the bath, he-as would go to a place in which no one from the people could see him, and one day he-as bathed upon a river bank and had placed his-as clothes upon a rock. Allah-azwj Commanded the rock to distance itself from him-as until the Children of Israeel-as looked at him-as, and they knew that he-as isn’t as they are saying. Then Allah-azwj Revealed: O you those who believe! Do not become like those who hurt Musa. Allah Cleared him from what they said, and he had a high esteem in the Presence of Allah [33:69]’’.[10]
Notes –
أن موسى و هارون صعدا الجبل فمات هارون فقالت بنو إسرائيل أنت قتلته فأمر الله الملائكة فحملته حتى مروا به على بني إسرائيل و تكلمت الملائكة بموته حتى عرفوا أنه قد مات و برأه الله من ذلك عن علي عليه السلام و ابن عباس
Musa-as and Haroun-as ascended the mountain. Haroun-as died. The children of Israel said, ‘You-as killed him!’ Allah-azwj Commanded the Angels. He carried him-as until he passed with him-as by the children of Israel, and the Angels spoke of his-as death until they recognised that he-as had died, and Allah-azwj Cleared him-as from that’ – from Ali-asws and Iba Abbas.
أن موسى عليه السلام كان حييا يغتسل وحده فقالوا ما يتستر منا إلا لعيب بجلده إما برص و إما أدرة فذهب مرة يغتسل فوضع ثوبه على حجر فمر الحجر بثوبه فطلبه موسى فرآه بنو إسرائيل عريانا كأحسن الرجال خلقا فَبَرَّأَهُ اللَّهُ مِمَّا قالُوا رواه- أبو هريرة مرفوعا
Musa-as was a bashful (modest) person. He-as would bathe alone. They said, ‘He-as is not hiding from us except due to a defect in his-as skin, either vitiligo, or swelling in his-as private part’. Once he-as went to bathe and placed his-as clothes upon a stone. The stone went away with his-as clothes. Musa-as searched for it, and the children of Israel saw him-as naked as being like the most excellent of the men in physique. Allah Cleared him from what they said, [33:69]’. It is reported by Abu Hureyra (well-known fabricator)
11- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ لِمَ سُمِّيَتِ التَّلْبِيَةُ تَلْبِيَةً قَالَ إِجَابَةً أَجَابَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ رَبَّهُ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Hamad Ibn Isa, from Aban, from the one who informed him,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Why is the Talbiyyah (for Hajj) named as ‘Talbiyyah’?’ He-asws said: ‘A response to the answer of Musa-as to his-as Lord-azwj’’.[11]
12- ع، علل الشرائع بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُخْتَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامِ يَقُولُ مَرَّ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي سَبْعِينَ نَبِيّاً عَلَى فِجَاجِ الرَّوْحَاءِ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَبَاءُ الْقَطَوَانِيَّةُ يَقُولُ لَبَّيْكَ عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ لَبَّيْكَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – By this chain, from Hama, from Al-Husayn Bin Mukhtar, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘Musa-as Bin Imran-as passed by seventy Prophets-as upon the glens of Al-Rawha, upon them-as were al-Qatwany cloaks and they were saying: ‘Here I am Your-azwj servant and son of Your-azwj servant, here I am!’ (Talbiyyah)’’.[12]
13- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: مَرَّ مُوسَى النَّبِيُّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِصَفَائِحِ الرَّوْحَاءِ عَلَى جَمَلٍ أَحْمَرَ خِطَامُهُ مِنْ لِيفٍ عَلَيْهِ عَبَاءَتَانِ قَطَوَانِيَّتَانِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ لَبَّيْكَ يَا كَرِيمُ لَبَّيْكَ الْخَبَرَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Al himeyri, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his brother Ali, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Prophet Musa-as passed by the glens of Al-Rawha upon a red camel, its harness was from fibres, upon him-as were two Qatwany cloaks, and he-as was saying: ‘Here I-as am, O Benevolent, here I-as am!’ – the Hadeeth’[13]
14- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ التَّاجِرِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: أَحْرَمَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِنْ رَمْلَةِ مِصْرَ وَ مَرَّ بِصَفَائِحِ الرَّوْحَاءِ مُحْرِماً يَقُودُ نَاقَتَهُ بِخِطَامٍ مِنْ لِيفٍ فَلَبَّى تُجِيبُهُ الْجِبَالُ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al-Husayn Bin Is’haq Al Tajir, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al-Hassan Bin Saeed, from Usman Bin Isa, and Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Al Mufazzal Bin Salih, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Musa-as adorned the Ihraam from Ramlah, Egypt, and he-as passed by the glens of Al-Raqha in Ihraam guiding his-as she-camel by a harness from fibres. He-as exclaimed Talbiyyah and the mountains responded to him-as’’.[14]
15- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَيُّهُمَا مَاتَ هَارُونُ مَاتَ قَبْلُ أَمْ مُوسَى صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا قَالَ هَارُونُ مَاتَ قَبْلَ مُوسَى
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al-Sadiq-asws was asked, ‘Which of the two died first, Haroun-as died before Musa-as, or Musa-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Haroun-as died before Musa-as’.
وَ سُئِلَ أَيُّهُمَا كَانَ أَكْبَرُ هَارُونُ أَمْ مُوسَى قَالَ هَارُونُ
And he-asws was asked, ‘Which of the two was older, Haroun-as or Musa-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Haroun-as’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ اسْمُ ابْنَيْ هَارُونَ شَبَّرَ وَ شَبِيراً وَ تَفْسِيرُهُمَا بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ
He-asws said: ‘And the name of the sons of Haroun-as were ‘Shabbar’ and Shabbir’, and interpretation of these two in Arabic is ‘Al-Hassan’ and ‘Al-Husayn.
وَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رَأَيْتُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ مُوسَى وَ عِيسَى صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَمَّا مُوسَى فَرَجُلٌ طُوَالٌ سَبِطٌ يُشْبِهُ رِجَالَ الزُّطِّ وَ رِجَالَ أَهْلِ شَبْوَةَ وَ أَمَّا عِيسَى فَرَجُلٌ أَحْمَرُ جَعْدٌ رَبْعَةٌ
And he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww saw Ibrahim-as and Musa-as and Isa-as. As for Musa-as, he-as is a man of tall stature resembling the men of Al-Zatt and men of the people of Shabwa; and as for Isa-as, he-as is a red man (complexion), of medium stature’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ وَ قِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَإِبْرَاهِيمُ قَالَ انْظُرُوا إِلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ يَعْنِي نَفْسَهُ ص
He-asws said, ‘Then he-saww was silent, and it was said to him-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! (What about) Ibrahim-as?’ He-saww said: ‘Look at your companion’ – meaning himself-saww’’.[15]
16- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: حَجَّ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ وَ مَعَهُ سَبْعُونَ نَبِيّاً مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ خُطُمُ إِبِلِهِمْ مِنْ لِيفٍ يُلَبُّونَ وَ تُجِيبُهُمُ الْجِبَالُ وَ عَلَى مُوسَى عَبَاءَتَانِ قَطَوَانِيَّتَانِ يَقُولُ لَبَّيْكَ عَبْدُكَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ
‘Al Kafi’ – The number, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Aban Bin Usman, from Zayd Al Shahham, from the one who reported it,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Musa-as Bin Imran-as performed Hajj and with him-as were seventy Prophets-as from the Children of Israel. Their-as camels were harnessed from fibre. They-as were exclaiming Talbiyyah, and the mountains were responding to them-as. And, upon Musa-as, were two Qatwany cloaks. He-as was saying: ‘Here I-as am! Your-azwj servant, son-as of Your-azwj servant!’’[16]
17- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْأَهْوَازِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ عَنْ أَبِي بِلَالٍ الْمَكِّيِّ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ دَخَلَ الْحِجْرَ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ الْبَابِ فَقَامَ يُصَلِّي عَلَى قَدْرِ ذِرَاعَيْنِ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَداً مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ يُصَلِّي بِحِيَالِ الْمِيزَابِ فَقَالَ هَذَا مُصَلَّى شَبِيرٍ وَ شَبَّرَ ابْنَيْ هَارُونَ
‘Al Kafi’ – The number of our companions, from Ahmad, from Al Ahwazy, from Ibn Abu Al Balad, from Abu Bilal Al Makky who said,
‘I saw Abu Abdullah-asws enter Al-Hijr from the side of the door. He-asws stood Praying upon a measurement of two cubits from the House (Kabah). I said to him-asws, ‘I have not seen anyone from your-asws family Praying by the conduit’. He-asws said: ‘This is the Praying place of Shabbar and Shabbir, the two sons of (Prophet) Haroun-as’’.[17]
18- صح، صحيفة الرضا عليه السلام عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ وَ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ أَيْنَ ذَهَبْتَ أُوذِيتُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ يَا مُوسَى إِنَّ فِي عَسْكَرِكَ غَمَّازاً فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ دُلَّنِي عَلَيْهِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ أَنِّي أُبْغِضُ الْغَمَّازَ فَكَيْفَ أَغْمِزُ
‘Saheefa Al-Reza-asws’ – From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Musa-as Bin Imran-as asked his-as Lord-azwj and raised his-as hands: ‘O Lord-azwj! Wherever I-as go, I-as get hurt (bothered by the people)’. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “O Musa-as! Among your-as soldiers there is one who murmurs (expresses discontent)”. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Point me-as upon him’. Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to him-as: “I-azwj Hate the murmurs, so how can I-azwj Murmur?”’[18]
19- فس، تفسير القمي وَ ذَكِّرْهُمْ بِأَيَّامِ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَيَّامُ اللَّهِ ثَلَاثَةٌ يَوْمُ الْقَائِمِ وَ يَوْمُ الْمَوْتِ وَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ قَوْلُهُ يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنا لَمَّا صَبَرُوا قَالَ كَانَ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُمْ يَصْبِرُونَ عَلَى مَا يُصِيبُهُمْ فَجَعَلَهُمْ أَئِمَّةً
(opinion)[19]
20- فس، تفسير القمي وَ كانَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَجِيهاً أَيْ ذَا جَاهٍ
أَخْبَرَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ رَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالُوا يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تُؤْذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَ الْأَئِمَّةِ كَمَا آذَوْا مُوسى فَبَرَّأَهُ اللَّهُ مِمَّا قالُوا
We are informed by Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Al-Moalla, from Ahmad Bin Al-Nazr, from Muhammad Bin Marwan raising it to them-asws. They-asws said: ‘O you those who believe! – Do not hurt Rasool-Allah-saww regarding Ali-asws and the Imams-asws – like those who hurt Musa. Allah Cleared him from what they said, [33:69]’’.[20]
باب 2 أحوال موسى عليه السلام من حين ولادته إلى نبوته
CHAPTER 2 – SITUATIONS OF MUSA-as FROM WHEN HE-as WAS BORN UP TO HIS-as PROPHET-HOOD
الآيات القصص نَتْلُوا عَلَيْكَ مِنْ نَبَإِ مُوسى وَ فِرْعَوْنَ بِالْحَقِّ لِقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Qasas: We Recite to you from the news of Musa and Pharaoh with the Truth for people who believe [28:3]
إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ عَلا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ جَعَلَ أَهْلَها شِيَعاً يَسْتَضْعِفُ طائِفَةً مِنْهُمْ يُذَبِّحُ أَبْناءَهُمْ وَ يَسْتَحْيِي نِساءَهُمْ إِنَّهُ كانَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
Surely, Pharaoh exalted himself in the land and made its people into sects, weakening one party from them. He slaughtered their sons and let their women live. He was from the mischief makers [28:4]
وَ نُرِيدُ أَنْ نَمُنَّ عَلَى الَّذِينَ اسْتُضْعِفُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ نَجْعَلَهُمْ أَئِمَّةً وَ نَجْعَلَهُمُ الْوارِثِينَ
And We Intend to Confer upon those who were weakened in the land, and to Make them Imams, and Make them the inheritors [28:5]
وَ نُمَكِّنَ لَهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ نُرِيَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ هامانَ وَ جُنُودَهُما مِنْهُمْ ما كانُوا يَحْذَرُونَ
And to Enable for them in the land, and to Show Pharaoh and Haman and their armies what they used to beware from them [28:6]
وَ أَوْحَيْنا إِلى أُمِّ مُوسى أَنْ أَرْضِعِيهِ فَإِذا خِفْتِ عَلَيْهِ فَأَلْقِيهِ فِي الْيَمِّ وَ لا تَخافِي وَ لا تَحْزَنِي إِنَّا رَادُّوهُ إِلَيْكِ وَ جاعِلُوهُ مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
And We Revealed unto Musa’s mother, “Breastfeed him! So when you fear upon him, then cast him into the river and neither fear nor grieve. Surely, We will Return him to you and Make him to be from the Rasools [28:7]
فَالْتَقَطَهُ آلُ فِرْعَوْنَ لِيَكُونَ لَهُمْ عَدُوًّا وَ حَزَناً إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ هامانَ وَ جُنُودَهُما كانُوا خاطِئِينَ
And Pharaoh’s family (would) pick him up that he might become an enemy and a grief for them. Surely, Pharaoh and Haman and their armies were erroneous [28:8]
وَ قالَتِ امْرَأَتُ فِرْعَوْنَ قُرَّتُ عَيْنٍ لِي وَ لَكَ لا تَقْتُلُوهُ عَسى أَنْ يَنْفَعَنا أَوْ نَتَّخِذَهُ وَلَداً وَ هُمْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ
And Pharaoh’s wife said, ‘A delight of the eye for me and for you! Do not slay him, maybe he benefit us, or we take him as a son’, and they did not perceive [28:9]
وَ أَصْبَحَ فُؤادُ أُمِّ مُوسى فارِغاً إِنْ كادَتْ لَتُبْدِي بِهِ لَوْ لا أَنْ رَبَطْنا عَلى قَلْبِها لِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
And the heart of Musa’s mother became free (from anxiety). She would have almost disclosed it had We not Strengthened her heart so that she might be from the Momineen [28:10]
وَ قالَتْ لِأُخْتِهِ قُصِّيهِ فَبَصُرَتْ بِهِ عَنْ جُنُبٍ وَ هُمْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ
And she said to his sister: ‘Follow him! So she watched him the side, they were not aware [28:11]
وَ حَرَّمْنا عَلَيْهِ الْمَراضِعَ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَقالَتْ هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلى أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ يَكْفُلُونَهُ لَكُمْ وَ هُمْ لَهُ ناصِحُونَ
And We had Prohibited unto him the breastfeeding from before. So she (his sister) said, ‘Shall I point you to the people of a household who will take his responsibility for you, and they would be mentors for him?’ [28:12]
فَرَدَدْناهُ إِلى أُمِّهِ كَيْ تَقَرَّ عَيْنُها وَ لا تَحْزَنَ وَ لِتَعْلَمَ أَنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَ لكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لا يَعْلَمُونَ
Thus, We Gave him back to his mother that her eye might be delighted, and she would not grieve, and for her to know that the Promise of Allah is True, but most of them are not knowing [28:13]
وَ لَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَ اسْتَوى آتَيْناهُ حُكْماً وَ عِلْماً وَ كَذلِكَ نَجْزِي الْمُحْسِنِينَ
And when he attained his maturity and became full grown, We Gave him wisdom and knowledge; and like that do We Recompense the good doers [8:14]
وَ دَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ عَلى حِينِ غَفْلَةٍ مِنْ أَهْلِها فَوَجَدَ فِيها رَجُلَيْنِ يَقْتَتِلانِ هذا مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ وَ هذا مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ فَاسْتَغاثَهُ الَّذِي مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ عَلَى الَّذِي مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ فَوَكَزَهُ مُوسى فَقَضى عَلَيْهِ قالَ هذا مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطانِ إِنَّهُ عَدُوٌّ مُضِلٌّ مُبِينٌ
And he entered the city at a time of heedlessness from its inhabitants, and he found therein two men fighting, this one being from his Shias, and this one being from his enemies. The one who was from his Shias cried out for his help against the one who was his enemy. So, Musa sprung upon him. He said, ‘This is from the work of the Satan. He is an enemy, openly leading astray’ [28:15]
قالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي فَاغْفِرْ لِي فَغَفَرَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ
He said: ‘My Lord! I have been unjust to myself, therefore Forgive (my deed) for me. So He Forgave (his deed) for him. Surely, He is the Forgiving, the Merciful [28:16]
قالَ رَبِّ بِما أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيراً لِلْمُجْرِمِينَ
He said: ‘My Lord! Due to what You Conferred upon me, so I will never be a backer for the criminals’ [28:17]
فَأَصْبَحَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ خائِفاً يَتَرَقَّبُ فَإِذَا الَّذِي اسْتَنْصَرَهُ بِالْأَمْسِ يَسْتَصْرِخُهُ قالَ لَهُ مُوسى إِنَّكَ لَغَوِيٌّ مُبِينٌ
So he became fearful in the city, awaiting, when the one whom he had helped the day before sought his help. Musa said to him: ‘You are in clear error! [28:18]
فَلَمَّا أَنْ أَرادَ أَنْ يَبْطِشَ بِالَّذِي هُوَ عَدُوٌّ لَهُما قالَ يا مُوسى أَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَقْتُلَنِي كَما قَتَلْتَ نَفْساً بِالْأَمْسِ إِنْ تُرِيدُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ جَبَّاراً فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ ما تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُصْلِحِينَ
So when he intended to strike the one who was an enemy to them, he said, ‘O Musa! Are you intending to kill me just as you killed a soul yesterday? Surely, you are only wanting to become a tyrant in the land, and you are not wanting to become from the reconcilers’ [28:19]
وَ جاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَقْصَى الْمَدِينَةِ يَسْعى قالَ يا مُوسى إِنَّ الْمَلَأَ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقْتُلُوكَ فَاخْرُجْ إِنِّي لَكَ مِنَ النَّاصِحِينَ
And a man came running from the outskirts of the city. He said, ‘O Musa! The chiefs have issued an order for you to be killed, therefore get out (from the city). I am from the (sincere) advisers to you [28:20]
فَخَرَجَ مِنْها خائِفاً يَتَرَقَّبُ قالَ رَبِّ نَجِّنِي مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
So he exited from it, fearing, wary. He said: ‘Lord! Deliver me from the unjust people! [28:21]
وَ لَمَّا تَوَجَّهَ تِلْقاءَ مَدْيَنَ قالَ عَسى رَبِّي أَنْ يَهْدِيَنِي سَواءَ السَّبِيلِ
And when he headed towards Madyan, he said: ‘Perhaps my Lord with Guide me in the right way [28:22]
وَ لَمَّا وَرَدَ ماءَ مَدْيَنَ وَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ أُمَّةً مِنَ النَّاسِ يَسْقُونَ وَ وَجَدَ مِنْ دُونِهِمُ امْرَأَتَيْنِ تَذُودانِ قالَ ما خَطْبُكُما قالَتا لا نَسْقِي حَتَّى يُصْدِرَ الرِّعاءُ وَ أَبُونا شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ
And when he arrived at Madyan, he found at it a group of people drawing water, and he found from besides them, two women staying back. He said: ‘What is the matter with you two? They said, ‘We cannot draw water until the shepherds withdraw, and our father is an old man’ [28:23]
فَسَقى لَهُما ثُمَّ تَوَلَّى إِلَى الظِّلِّ فَقالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لِما أَنْزَلْتَ إِلَيَّ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَقِيرٌ
So he watered for them, then went back to the shade and said: ‘Lord! I stand in need of whatever good You may Send down upon me’ [28:24]
فَجاءَتْهُ إِحْداهُما تَمْشِي عَلَى اسْتِحْياءٍ قالَتْ إِنَّ أَبِي يَدْعُوكَ لِيَجْزِيَكَ أَجْرَ ما سَقَيْتَ لَنا فَلَمَّا جاءَهُ وَ قَصَّ عَلَيْهِ الْقَصَصَ قالَ لا تَخَفْ نَجَوْتَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
Then one of the two (women) came over to him bashfully. She said, ‘My father invites you in order to recompense you for having watered for us. So when he went to him and related the story to him, he said, ‘Do not fear! You have escaped from the unjust people’ [28:25]
قالَتْ إِحْداهُما يا أَبَتِ اسْتَأْجِرْهُ إِنَّ خَيْرَ مَنِ اسْتَأْجَرْتَ الْقَوِيُّ الْأَمِينُ
One of the two (women) said, ‘O father! Employ him. Surely he is the best of the one you can employ, being strong, trustworthy’ [28:26]
قالَ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُنْكِحَكَ إِحْدَى ابْنَتَيَّ هاتَيْنِ عَلى أَنْ تَأْجُرَنِي ثَمانِيَ حِجَجٍ فَإِنْ أَتْمَمْتَ عَشْراً فَمِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَ ما أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَيْكَ سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شاءَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
He said: ‘I want to marry one of these two daughters of mine to you on a stipulation that you will hire yourself to me for eight years. So if you complete ten, then it would be from you, and I do not intend to be difficult upon you. Allah Willing you will find me to be from the righteous ones’ [28:27]
قالَ ذلِكَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ أَيَّمَا الْأَجَلَيْنِ قَضَيْتُ فَلا عُدْوانَ عَلَيَّ وَ اللَّهُ عَلى ما نَقُولُ وَكِيلٌ
He said: ‘That would be (an agreement) between me and you. Whichever of the two terms I fulfil, so there shall be no unfairness upon me, and Allah is a Witness upon what we are saying [28:28]
فَلَمَّا قَضى مُوسَى الْأَجَلَ وَ سارَ بِأَهْلِهِ آنَسَ مِنْ جانِبِ الطُّورِ ناراً قالَ لِأَهْلِهِ امْكُثُوا إِنِّي آنَسْتُ ناراً لَعَلِّي آتِيكُمْ مِنْها بِخَبَرٍ أَوْ جَذْوَةٍ مِنَ النَّارِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَصْطَلُونَ
So when Musa had fulfilled the term, and he journeyed with his family, he perceived a fire from the side of the (mount) Toor. He said to his family: Stay! I perceive a fire. Perhaps I shall come to you with news from it or a firebrand from the fire, for you to warm yourselves [28:29]
فَلَمَّا أَتاها نُودِيَ مِنْ شاطِئِ الْوادِ الْأَيْمَنِ فِي الْبُقْعَةِ الْمُبارَكَةِ مِنَ الشَّجَرَةِ أَنْ يا مُوسى إِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعالَمِينَ
So when he came to it, We Called out from the shores on the right side of the valley in the spot of the Blessed spot of the tree: “O Musa! I am Allah, Lord of the Words! [28:30]
وَ أَنْ أَلْقِ عَصاكَ فَلَمَّا رَآها تَهْتَزُّ كَأَنَّها جَانٌّ وَلَّى مُدْبِراً وَ لَمْ يُعَقِّبْ يا مُوسى أَقْبِلْ وَ لا تَخَفْ إِنَّكَ مِنَ الْآمِنِينَ
And Cast your staff!’ So when he saw it wriggle as if it was a snake, he turned back retreating and did not return. ‘O Musa! Come back and do not fear, you are from the Secured ones! [28:31]
اسْلُكْ يَدَكَ فِي جَيْبِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ وَ اضْمُمْ إِلَيْكَ جَناحَكَ مِنَ الرَّهْبِ فَذانِكَ بُرْهانانِ مِنْ رَبِّكَ إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَائِهِ إِنَّهُمْ كانُوا قَوْماً فاسِقِينَ
Insert your hand into your pocket, it will come out white without blemish, and draw your hand to yourself from fear. So these two would be two proofs from your Lord to Pharaoh and his chiefs. They have been a transgressing people [28:32]
قالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي قَتَلْتُ مِنْهُمْ نَفْساً فَأَخافُ أَنْ يَقْتُلُونِ
He said: ‘Lord! I killed one person from them, so I fear that they would be killing me’ [28:33]
وَ أَخِي هارُونُ هُوَ أَفْصَحُ مِنِّي لِساناً فَأَرْسِلْهُ مَعِي رِدْءاً يُصَدِّقُنِي إِنِّي أَخافُ أَنْ يُكَذِّبُونِ
And my brother Haroun, he is more eloquent of tongue than I, therefore send him with me as a helper, ratifying me. Surely, I fear that they would belie me [28:34]
قالَ سَنَشُدُّ عَضُدَكَ بِأَخِيكَ وَ نَجْعَلُ لَكُما سُلْطاناً فَلا يَصِلُونَ إِلَيْكُما بِآياتِنا أَنْتُما وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَكُمَا الْغالِبُونَ
He said: “We will Strengthen your arm with your brother, and We will Give you both an Authorisation, so that they would not get to you. With Our Signs, you and the ones who follow you two, would be victorious!” [28:35]
Notes –
وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لِيَهْنِئْكُمُ الِاسْمُ قَالَ وَ مَا الِاسْمُ قَالَ الشِّيعَةُ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ يَقُولُ فَاسْتَغاثَهُ الَّذِي مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ عَلَى الَّذِي مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ
And it is reported by Abu Baseer, from Abu Abdullah-asws, he said: ‘Congratulations to you all for the name!’ He said, ‘And what is the name?’ He-asws said: ‘The ‘Shia’! Have you not heard Allah-azwj the Glorious Saying: The one who was from his Shias cried out for his help against the one who was his enemy [28:15]’.
وَ رَوَى الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَيَّتُهُمَا الَّتِي قَالَتْ إِنَّ أَبِي يَدْعُوكَ قَالَ الَّتِي تَزَوَّجَ بِهَا
And it is reported by Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws was asked, ‘Which of the two (women) said: ‘My father invites you [28:25]?’ He said: ‘The one he-as married’.
قِيلَ فَأَيَّ الْأَجَلَيْنِ قَضَى قَالَ أَوْفَاهُمَا وَ أَبْعَدَهُمَا عَشْرَ سِنِينَ
‘It was said, ‘Which of the two terms did he-as fulfill?’ He-asws said: ‘The more fulfilling of the two and their furthest by ten years’.
قِيلَ فَدَخَلَ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمْضِيَ الشَّرْطُ أَوْ بَعْدَ انْقِضَائِهِ قَالَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْقَضِيَ
It was said, ‘Did he-as consummate with her before he-as had fulfilled the condition or after its termination?’ He-asws said: ‘Before its termination’.
قِيلَ لَهُ فَالرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ وَ يَشْتَرِطُ لِأَبِيهَا إِجَارَةَ شَهْرَيْنِ أَ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ إِنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ سَيُتِمُّ لَهُ شَرْطَهُ قِيلَ كَيْفَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ سَيَبْقَى حَتَّى يَفِيَ
It was said to him-asws, ‘So the man can marry the women and stipulate to her father of working for two months, would that be allowed?’ He-asws said: ‘Musa-as knew that he-as will be completing his-as condition for him-as’. It was said, ‘How?’ He-asws said: ‘He-as knew that he-as will be remaining alive until he-as does fulfill’.
وَ رَوَى الْوَاحِدِيُّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا سُئِلْتَ أَيَّ الْأَجَلَيْنِ قَضَى مُوسَى فَقُلْ خَيْرَهُمَا وَ أَبَرَّهُمَا وَ إِذَا سُئِلَ أَيَّ الْمَرْأَتَيْنِ تَزَوَّجَ فَقُلِ الصُّغْرَى مِنْهُمَا وَ هِيَ الَّتِي جَاءَتْ فَقَالَ يا أَبَتِ اسْتَأْجِرْهُ
And it is reported by Al Wahidy, from Abu Zarr-ar who said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When you are asked which of the two terms did Musa-as fulfill, say, ‘Better of the two’, and when (you are) asked which of the two women did he-as marry, say, ‘The younger of the two, and she is the one who came and said, ‘O father! Employ him [28:26]’.
وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ كَانَتْ عَصَا مُوسَى قَضِيبُ آسٍ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ أَتَاهُ بِهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ لَمَّا تَوَجَّهَ تِلْقَاءَ مَدْيَنَ
And it is reported by Abdullah Bin Sinan who said, ‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The staff of Musa-as was a branch of myrtle from the Paradise. Jibraeel-as had come to him-as with it when he-as headed towards Madyan’.
وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَضى مُوسَى الْأَجَلَ وَ سارَ بِأَهْلِهِ نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ أَخْطَأَ الطَّرِيقَ لَيْلًا فَرَأَى نَاراً
And it is reported by Abu Baseer, from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘So when Musa had fulfilled the term, and he journeyed with his family, [28:29] toward Bayt Al Maqdis. He-as lost the way, and he-as saw fire’.
1- خص، منتخب البصائر بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ بِقَاعَ الْأَرْضِ تَفَاخَرَتْ فَفَخَرَتِ الْكَعْبَةُ عَلَى الْبُقْعَةِ بِكَرْبَلَاءَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهَا اسْكُتِي وَ لَا تَفْخَرِي عَلَيْهَا فَإِنَّهَا الْبُقْعَةُ الْمُبَارَكَةُ الَّتِي نُودِيَ مُوسَى مِنْهَا مِنَ الشَّجَرَةِ
‘Muntakhab Al Basaair’ – By his chain to Al Mufazzal Bin Umar,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The spots of the earth prided upon each other. The Kabah prided upon the spot at Karbala, so Allah-azwj Revealed to it: “Be quiet and do not pride upon it, for it is the Blessed spot which Musa-as was Called out at from the tree![21]
2- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمَّا حَمَلَتْ أُمُّهُ بِهِ لَمْ يَظْهَرْ حَمْلُهَا إِلَّا عِنْدَ وَضْعِهِ وَ كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ قَدْ وَكَّلَ بِنِسَاءِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ نِسَاءً مِنَ الْقِبْطِ تَحْفَظُهُنَّ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Ibn Mahboub, from Al A’ala, from Muhammad,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When the mother of Musa-as was expecting him-as, she did not manifest signs (women normally do) prior to his-as birth. And Pharaoh-la had allocated a woman from the Children of Israel, from the Coptics who was a guard unto her.
وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا كَانَ بَلَغَهُ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّهُ يُولَدُ فِينَا رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ يَكُونُ هَلَاكُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ لَأَقْتُلَنَّ ذُكُورَ أَوْلَادِهِمْ حَتَّى لَا يَكُونَ مَا يُرِيدُونَ وَ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ وَ حَبَسَ الرِّجَالَ فِي الْمَحَابِسِ
And that was because it had reached him-la that the Children of Israel are saying, ‘The would be born among us a man called Musa-as Bin Imran-as, the destruction of Pharaoh-la and his-la companions would be by his-as hands’. Pharaoh-la said regarding that, ‘Kill their male children, until that which they want, does not take place’. And he-la separated between the men and the women, and detained the men in the detention’.
فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْ أُمُّ مُوسَى بِمُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ نَظَرَتْ وَ حَزِنَتْ وَ اغْتَمَّتْ وَ بَكَتْ وَ قَالَتْ يُذْبَحُ السَّاعَةَ فَعَطَفَ اللَّهُ قَلْبَ الْمُوَكَّلَةِ بِهَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَتْ لِأُمِّ مُوسَى مَا لَكِ قَدِ اصْفَرَّ لَوْنُكِ فَقَالَتْ أَخَافُ أَنْ يُذْبَحَ وَلَدِي فَقَالَتْ لَا تَخَافِي
When the mother of Musa-as was Blessed with Musa-as she looked at him-as, and was saddened and cried, and said, ‘He-as would be killed now’. Allah-azwj Inclined the heart of the one who was allocate to her, and she said to the mother of Musa-as, ‘What is the matter that your colour turned yellow (paled)?’ She said, ‘My son-as would be slaughtered’. She said, ‘Do not fear’.
وَ كَانَ مُوسَى لَا يَرَاهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَحَبَّهُ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ أَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ مَحَبَّةً مِنِّي فَأَحَبَّتْهُ الْقِبْطِيَّةُ الْمُوَكَّلَةُ بِهِ
And Musa-as was such that no one would look at him-as except that he would love him-as, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj: and I shall Cast upon you Love from Me [20:39]. The Coptic who was allocated to him -as fell in love with him-as’.
وَ أُنْزِلَ عَلَى أُمِّ مُوسَى التَّابُوتُ وَ نُودِيَتْ ضَعْهُ فِي التَّابُوتِ فَاقْذِفِيهِ فِي الْيَمِ وَ هُوَ الْبَحْرُ وَ لا تَخافِي وَ لا تَحْزَنِي إِنَّا رَادُّوهُ إِلَيْكِ وَ جاعِلُوهُ مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ فَوَضَعَتْهُ فِي التَّابُوتِ وَ أَطْبَقَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَلْقَتْهُ فِي النِّيلِ
And Allah-azwj Sent down the casket to Musa-as, and Called out to his-as mother: “Place him-as in the casket, and cast it into the river, and it is the sea, and neither fear nor grieve. Surely We will Return him to you and Make him to be from the Rasools [28:7]”. She placed him-as in the casket, and covered him-as up and placed him-as in the Nile.
وَ كَانَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ قَصْرٌ عَلَى شَطِّ النِّيلِ مُتَنَزَّهٌ فَنَظَرَ مِنْ قَصْرِهِ وَ مَعَهُ آسِيَةُ امْرَأَتُهُ إِلَى سَوَادٍ فِي النِّيلِ تَرْفَعُهُ الْأَمْوَاجُ وَ تَضْرِبُهُ الرِّيَاحُ حَتَّى جَاءَتْ بِهِ عَلَى بَابِ قَصْرِ فِرْعَوْنَ فَأَمَرَ فِرْعَوْنُ بِأَخْذِهِ فَأُخِذَ التَّابُوتُ وَ رُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ
And for Pharaoh-la there was a palace upon the banks of the Nile for his picnic. He-la came down from his-la castle and with him-la was his-la wife Aasiya. He-la looked towards the blackness in the Nile, which the waves were raising, and the winds were turbulent, until the casket came up to the door of the Palace of Pharaoh-la. Pharaoh-la ordered for the casket to be seized, and be brought to him-la.
فَلَمَّا فَتَحَهُ وَجَدَ فِيهِ صَبِيّاً فَقَالَ هَذَا إِسْرَائِيلِيٌّ فَأَلْقَى اللَّهُ فِي قَلْبِ فِرْعَوْنَ لِمُوسَى مَحَبَّةً شَدِيدَةً وَ كَذَلِكَ فِي قَلْبِ آسِيَةَ وَ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ فَقَالَتْ آسِيَةُ لا تَقْتُلُوهُ عَسى أَنْ يَنْفَعَنا أَوْ نَتَّخِذَهُ وَلَداً وَ هُمْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ أَنَّهُ مُوسَى
When he-la opened the casket, he found a young male child inside it. He-la said: ‘This is an Israelite!’ And Allah-azwj Attached upon the heart of Pharaoh-la, intense love for Musa-as, and similarly in the heart of Aasiya-ra. And Pharaoh-la intended to have him killed, but Aasiya said: Do not slay him, maybe he benefit us, or we take him as a son’, and they did not perceive [28:9] that he-as was Musa-as.
وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِفِرْعَوْنَ وَلَدٌ فَقَالَ الْتَمِسُوا لَهُ ظِئْراً تُرَبِّيهِ فَجَاءُوا بِعِدَّةِ نِسَاءٍ قَدْ قُتِلَ أَوْلَادُهُنَّ فَلَمْ يَشْرَبْ لَبَنَ أَحَدٍ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ وَ حَرَّمْنا عَلَيْهِ الْمَراضِعَ مِنْ قَبْلُ
And there did not happen to be a son for Pharaoh-la, so he-la said: ‘Give him to be brought up with a nurse maid’. And there came a number of women whose sons had been killed, but he-as did not drink the milk of any one of the women, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj: And We had Prohibited unto him the breastfeeding from before [28:12]’.
وَ بَلَغَ أُمَّهُ أَنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ قَدْ أَخَذَهُ فَحَزِنَتْ وَ بَكَتْ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ وَ أَصْبَحَ فُؤادُ أُمِّ مُوسى فارِغاً إِنْ كادَتْ لَتُبْدِي بِهِ يَعْنِي كَادَتْ أَنْ تُخْبِرَهُمْ بِخَبَرِهِ أَوْ تَمُوتَ
And it reached his-as mother that Pharaoh-la had taken him-as, so she grieved and cried, And the heart of Musa’s mother became free (from anxiety). She would have almost disclosed it had We not Strengthened her heart so that she might be from the Momineen [28:10] – Meaning she had to tell someone of his-as news or die.
ثُمَّ ضَبَطَتْ نَفْسَهَا فَكَانَتْ كَمَا قَالَ لَوْ لا أَنْ رَبَطْنا عَلى قَلْبِها لِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ثُمَ قالَتْ لِأُخْتِ مُوسَى قُصِّيهِ أَيِ اتَّبِعِيهِ فَجَاءَتْ أُخْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ فَبَصُرَتْ بِهِ عَنْ جُنُبٍ أَيْ عَنْ بُعْدٍ وَ هُمْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ
Then she grabbed hold of herself, so it was as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: had We not Strengthened her heart so that she might be from the Momineen [28:11] And she said to his sister – i.e., to the sister of Musa-as– ‘Follow him! His-as sister went, So she watched him the side, they were not aware [28:11].
فَلَمَّا لَمْ يَقْبَلْ مُوسَى بِأَخْذِ ثَدْيِ أَحَدٍ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ اغْتَمَّ فِرْعَوْنُ غَمّاً شَدِيداً فَقالَتْ أُخْتُهُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلى أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ يَكْفُلُونَهُ لَكُمْ وَ هُمْ لَهُ ناصِحُونَ فَقَالُوا نَعَمْ فَجَاءَتْ بِأُمِّهِ
When Musa-as did not accept to take the milk from the women, Pharaoh-la was grieved with an intense grief, and his-as sister said, ‘‘Shall I point you to the people of a household who will take his responsibility for you, and they would be mentors for him?’ [28:12].He-la said, ‘Yes’. So, she came with his-as mother.
فَلَمَّا أَخَذَتْهُ فِي حِجْرِهَا وَ أَلْقَمَتْهُ ثَدْيَهَا الْتَقَمَهُ وَ شَرِبَ فَفَرِحَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ أَهْلُهُ وَ أَكْرَمُوا أُمَّهُ فَقَالُوا لَهَا رَبِّيهِ لَنَا فَإِنَّا نَفْعَلُ بِكِ وَ نَفْعَلُ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ فَرَدَدْناهُ إِلى أُمِّهِ كَيْ تَقَرَّ عَيْنُها وَ لا تَحْزَنَ وَ لِتَعْلَمَ أَنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَ لكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لا يَعْلَمُونَ
When she took him-as in her lap to feed him-as, he-as fed and drank. Pharaoh-la and his-la wife were happy, and honoured his-as mother, and said to her, ‘Bring him-as up for us, and there would be prestige for you from us for what you would be doing’. And these are the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: Thus We Gave him back to his mother that her eye might be delighted, and she would not grieve, and for her to know that the Promise of Allah is True, but most of them are not knowing [28:13].
وَ كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ يَقْتُلُ أَوْلَادَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كُلَّ مَا يَلِدُونَ وَ يُرَبِّي مُوسَى وَ يُكْرِمُهُ وَ لَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَلَاكَهُ عَلَى يَدِهِ فَلَمَّا دَرَجَ مُوسَى كَانَ يَوْماً عِنْدَ فِرْعَوْنَ فَعَطَسَ مُوسَى فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ فَأَنْكَرَ فِرْعَوْنُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَطَمَهُ وَ قَالَ مَا هَذَا الَّذِي تَقُولُ فَوَثَبَ مُوسَى عَلَى لِحْيَتِهِ وَ كَانَ طَوِيلَ اللِّحْيَةِ فَهَلَبَهَا أَيْ قَلَعَهَا
And Pharaoh-la killed the all the sons of the Children of Israel who were born, and he-la brought up Musa-as and honoured him-as, and did not know that his-la destruction would be upon his-as hands. When Musa-as began to walk, one day he-as was in the presence of Pharaoh-la, so Musa-as sneezed, and said: ‘The Praise is due to Allah-azwj the Lord-azwj of the Worlds’. Pharaoh-la did not like that and slapped him-as, and said, ‘What is this that you-as are saying?’ Musa-as leapt upon his-la beard – and it was a long beard – so he-as uprooted (some of) it.
فَهَمَّ فِرْعَوْنُ بِقَتْلِهِ فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ غُلَامٌ حَدَثٌ لَا يَدْرِي مَا يَقُولُ وَ قَدْ لَطَمْتَهُ بِلَطْمَتِكَ إِيَّاهُ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ بَلْ يَدْرِي
Pharaoh-la thought of killing him-la. But his-la wife said, ‘This is a young boy. He-as does not understand what he-as is saying, and he-as had been hurt by your-la slapping him-as’. Pharaoh-la said, ‘But, he-as does understand’.
فَقَالَتْ لَهُ ضَعْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ تَمْراً وَ جَمْراً فَإِنْ مَيَّزَ بَيْنَهُمَا فَهُوَ الَّذِي تَقُولُ فَوَضَعَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ تَمْراً وَ جَمْراً فَقَالَ لَهُ كُلْ فَمَدَّ يَدَهُ إِلَى التَّمْرِ فَجَاءَ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَصَرَفَهَا إِلَى الْجَمْرِ فِي فِيهِ فَاحْتَرَقَ لِسَانُهُ فَصَاحَ وَ بَكَى فَقَالَتْ آسِيَةُ لِفِرْعَوْنَ أَ لَمْ أَقُلْ لَكَ إِنَّهُ لَا يَعْقِلُ فَعَفَا عَنْهُ
She said to him-la, ‘Place some dates and embers in front of him-as. If he-as can differentiate between the two so he-asws is as you-la are saying him-as to be’. They placed dates and embers in front of him-as and said, ‘Eat’. He-as extended his-as hand towards the dates, and Jibraeel-as came and turned it towards the ember. He-as placed the ember in his-as mouth, and his-as tongue was burnt, and he-as screamed and he-as cried’. Aasiya said to Pharaoh-la, ‘Did I not say to you-la that he-as had not (achieved) intellect? Excuse him-as from it’.
قَالَ الرَّاوِي فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فَكَمْ مَكَثَ مُوسَى غَائِباً عَنْ أُمِّهِ حَتَّى رَدَّهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا قَالَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَقُلْتُ وَ كَانَ هَارُونُ أَخَا مُوسَى لِأَبِيهِ وَ أُمِّهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَ مَا تَسْمَعُ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ يَا بْنَ أُمَّ لا تَأْخُذْ بِلِحْيَتِي وَ لا بِرَأْسِي
The narrator said, ‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘For how long was Musa-as absent from his-as mother until Allah-azwj Returned him-as to her?’ He-asws said: ‘Three days’. I said, ‘Was Haroun-as the brother of Musa-as from his-as father and mother?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes. But, have you not heard the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted Saying: ‘O son of my mother! Do not seize me by my beard nor my head! [20:94]
فَقُلْتُ فَأَيُّهُمَا كَانَ أَكْبَرَ سِنّاً قَالَ هَارُونُ فَقُلْتُ وَ كَانَ الْوَحْيُ يَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِمَا جَمِيعاً قَالَ كَانَ الْوَحْيُ يَنْزِلُ عَلَى مُوسَى وَ مُوسَى يُوحِيهِ إِلَى هَارُونَ
I said, ‘Which one of the two was greater in age?’ He-asws said: ‘Haroun-as’. I said, ‘And did the Revelation come unto the both of them-as?’ He-asws said: ‘The Revelation descended upon Musa-as, and Musa-as revealed it unto Haroun-as’.
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْأَحْكَامِ وَ الْقَضَاءِ وَ الْأَمْرِ وَ النَّهْيِ أَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِمَا قَالَ كَانَ مُوسَى الَّذِي يُنَاجِي رَبَّهُ وَ يَكْتُبُ الْعِلْمَ وَ يَقْضِي بَيْنَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ هَارُونُ يَخْلُفُهُ إِذَا غَابَ عَنْ قَوْمِهِ لِلْمُنَاجَاةِ
I said, ‘Inform me about the Ordinances, and the Judgements, and the Enjoinments and the Prohibitions, was that to both of them-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Musa-as was the one who whispered to his-as Lord-azwj, and wrote out the knowledge, and he-as judged between the Children of Israel. And Haroun-as, was his-as Caliph when the whispering was absent from his-as people’.
قُلْتُ فَأَيُّهُمَا مَاتَ قَبْلَ صَاحِبِهِ قَالَ مَاتَ هَارُونُ قَبْلَ مُوسَى ع وَ مَاتَا جَمِيعاً فِي التِّيهِ قُلْتُ وَ كَانَ لِمُوسَى وَلَدٌ قَالَ لَا كَانَ الْوَلَدُ لِهَارُونَ وَ الذُّرِّيَّةُ لَهُ
I said, ‘Which one of the two died before his-as companion?’ He-asws said: ‘Haroun-as died before Musa-as, and both died in the wilderness’. I said, ‘Did Musa-as have a son?’ He-asws said: ‘No. There were sons for Haroun-as, and offspring were for him-as’.
قَالَ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ مُوسَى عِنْدَ فِرْعَوْنَ فِي أَكْرَمِ كَرَامَةٍ حَتَّى بَلَغَ مَبْلَغَ الرِّجَالِ وَ كَانَ يُنْكِرُ عَلَيْهِ مَا يَتَكَلَّمُ بِهِ مُوسَى مِنَ التَّوْحِيدِ حَتَّى هَمَّ بِهِ
He-asws said: ‘Musa-as did not cease to be honourable in the presence of Pharaoh-la until he-as reached the state of being a man, and he-la did not like what Musa-as spoke about from the Tawheed, until they (people) were with it.
فَخَرَجَ مُوسَى مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَ دَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَإِذَا رَجُلَانِ يَقْتَتِلَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا يَقُولُ بِقَوْلِ مُوسَى وَ الْآخَرُ يَقُولُ بِقَوْلِ فِرْعَوْنَ فَاسْتَغَاثَهُ الَّذِي هُوَ مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ
Musa-as went out from his-la presence, and entered the city. There were two men fighting – one of the two was saying what Musa-as was saying, and the other one was saying what Pharaoh-la was saying. He-as came to the aid to the one who was from his-as Shias.
فَجَاءَ مُوسَى فَوَكَزَ صَاحِبَهُ فَقَضَى عَلَيْهِ وَ تَوَارَى فِي الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ جَاءَ آخَرُ فَتَشَبَّثَ بِذَلِكَ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَقُولُ بِقَوْلِ مُوسَى فَاسْتَغَاثَ بِمُوسَى فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ صَاحِبُهُ إِلَى مُوسَى قَالَ لَهُ أَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَقْتُلَنِي كَما قَتَلْتَ نَفْساً بِالْأَمْسِ فَخَلَّى صَاحِبَهُ وَ هَرَبَ
Then Musa-as went and thrusted the companion of Pharaoh-la, and sprung upon him, and disappeared into the city. When it was the morning, another one came up, looking like that man who was saying what Musa-as was saying. He sought help from Musa-as. When his companion looked at Musa-as, he said to him-as, ‘Do you-as want to kill me just as you-as killed a soul yesterday?’ And he-as left from his companion, and fled.
وَ كَانَ خَازِنُ فِرْعَوْنَ مُؤْمِناً بِمُوسَى قَدْ كَتَمَ إِيمَانَهُ سِتَّمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ وَ هُوَ الَّذِي قَالَ اللَّهُ وَ قالَ رَجُلٌ مُؤْمِنٌ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَكْتُمُ إِيمانَهُ أَ تَقْتُلُونَ رَجُلًا أَنْ يَقُولَ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ وَ بَلَغَ فِرْعَوْنَ خَبَرُ قَتْلِ مُوسَى الرَّجُلَ فَطَلَبَهُ لِيَقْتُلَهُ
And the treasurer of Pharaoh-la was a believer in Musa-as, and had concealed his belief for six hundred years, and it is the one about whom Allah-azwj Says: And a Momin man from the people of Pharaoh who had concealed his Eman said, ‘Will you kill a man who is saying, ‘My Lord is Allah [40:28]. And it reached Pharaoh-la that Musa-as had killed a man, and he-la sought him-as in order to kill him-as.
فَبَعَثَ الْمُؤْمِنُ إِلَى مُوسَى إِنَّ الْمَلَأَ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقْتُلُوكَ فَاخْرُجْ إِنِّي لَكَ مِنَ النَّاصِحِينَ فَخَرَجَ مِنْهَا كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ خائِفاً يَتَرَقَّبُ قَالَ يَلْتَفِتُ يَمْنَةً وَ يَسْرَةً وَ يَقُولُ رَبِّ نَجِّنِي مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
The Momin sent a message to Musa-as: The chiefs have issued an order for you to be killed, therefore get out (from the city). I am from the (sincere) advisers to you [28:20] So, he exited from it [28:21], just as Allah-azwj has Said: So he exited from it, fearing, wary’ – he-asws said: ‘He-asws was looking to the right and left, and he-as was saying: ‘Lord! Deliver me from the unjust people! [28:21]’.
وَ مَرَّ نَحْوَ مَدْيَنَ وَ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ مَدْيَنَ مَسِيرَةُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ بَابَ مَدْيَنَ رَأَى بِئْراً يَسْتَقِي النَّاسُ مِنْهَا لِأَغْنَامِهِمْ وَ دَوَابِّهِمْ فَقَعَدَ نَاحِيَةً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَكَلَ مُنْذُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ شَيْئاً فَنَظَرَ إِلَى جَارِيَتَيْنِ فِي نَاحِيَةٍ وَ مَعَهُمَا غُنَيْمَاتٌ لَا تَدْنُوَانِ مِنَ الْبِئْرِ
And he-as passed near Madayn, and there was a travel distance of three days between him-as and Madayn. When he-as reached the gate of Madayn, he-as saw a well. The people were watering from it for their sheep and their animals. He-as seated himself-as nearby, and he-as had not eaten anything for the past three days. He-as looked towards two maids nearby, and with the two of them were some sheep. They were not approaching the well.
فَقَالَ لَهُمَا مَا لَكُمَا لَا تَسْتَقِيَانِ فَقَالَتَا كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ حَتَّى يُصْدِرَ الرِّعاءُ وَ أَبُونا شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ فَرَحِمَهُمَا مُوسَى وَ دَنَا مِنَ الْبِئْرِ فَقَالَ لِمَنْ عَلَى الْبِئْرِ أَسْتَقِي لِي دَلْواً وَ لَكُمْ دَلْواً وَ كَانَ الدَّلْوُ يَمُدُّهُ عَشَرَةُ رِجَالٍ
He-as said to the two of them: ‘What is the matter with you two? – that you are not watering?’ They said, as Allah-azwj has Related: ‘We cannot draw water until the shepherds return, and our father is an old man’ [28:23]’. Musa-as pitied them, and approached the well, and he-as said to the one at the well: ‘I-as will draw a bucket, and you draw a bucket’. And the bucket was sufficient for (required) ten men.
فَاسْتَقَى وَحْدَهُ دَلْواً لِمَنْ عَلَى الْبِئْرِ وَ دَلْواً لِبِنْتَيْ شُعَيْبٍ وَ سَقَى أَغْنَامَهُمَا ثُمَّ تَوَلَّى إِلَى الظِّلِّ فَقالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لِما أَنْزَلْتَ إِلَيَّ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَقِيرٌ وَ كَانَ شَدِيدَ الْجُوعِ
He-as drew a bucket for the one at the well, and drew a bucket for the daughters of Shuayb-as, So he watered for them, then went back to the shade and said: ‘Lord! I stand in need of whatever good You may Send down upon me’ [28:24]. And he-as was very hungry’.
وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِنَّ مُوسَى كَلِيمَ اللَّهِ حَيْثُ سَقَى لَهُمَا ثُمَّ تَوَلَّى إِلَى الظِّلِّ فَقالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لِما أَنْزَلْتَ إِلَيَّ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَقِيرٌ وَ اللَّهِ مَا سَأَلَ اللَّهَ إِلَّا خُبْزاً يَأْكُلُ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَأْكُلُ بَقْلَةَ الْأَرْضِ وَ لَقَدْ رَأَوْا خُضْرَةَ الْبَقْلِ مِنْ صِفَاقِ بَطْنِهِ مِنْ هُزَالِهِ
Amir-al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Musa-as, the Speaker with Allah-azwj, when he-as had watered for the two of them, went back to the shade and said: ‘Lord! I stand in need of whatever good You may Send down upon me’ [28:24]. By Allah-azwj, he-as did not ask for anything except for bread to eat, because he-as had eaten the vegetables of the earth, and had seen the effects of the greenery on his-as stomach, from its slimness’.
فَلَمَّا رَجَعَتَا ابْنَتَا شُعَيْبٍ إِلَى شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ لَهُمَا أَسْرَعْتُمَا الرُّجُوعَ فَأَخْبَرَتَاهُ بِقِصَّةِ مُوسَى وَ لَمْ تَعْرِفَاهُ فَقَالَ شُعَيْبٌ لِوَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا اذْهَبِي إِلَيْهِ فَادْعِيهِ لِنَجْزِيَهُ أَجْرَ مَا سَقَى لَنَا
When the daughters of Shuayb-as returned to Shuayb-as, he-as said to the two of them: ‘Your return was quick!’ They related to him-as the story of Musa-as, and he-as did not recognise him-as. Shuayb-as said to one of them: ‘Go to him-as, so that he-as can be recompensed for having watered for us’.
فَجَاءَتْ إِلَيْهِ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ تَمْشِي عَلَى اسْتِحْياءٍ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ إِنَّ أَبِي يَدْعُوكَ لِيَجْزِيَكَ أَجْرَ ما سَقَيْتَ لَنا فَقَامَ مُوسَى ع مَعَهَا فَمَشَتْ أَمَامَهُ فَسَفَقَتْهَا الرِّيَاحُ فَبَانَ عَجُزُهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا مُوسَى تَأَخَّرِي وَ دُلِّينِي عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ بِحَصَاةٍ تُلْقِيهَا أَمَامِي أَتْبَعُهَا فَأَنَا مِنْ قَوْمٍ لَا يَنْظُرُونَ فِي أَدْبَارِ النِّسَاءِ
She went to him-as as Allah-azwj has Related: Then one of the two (women) came over to him bashfully. She said, ‘My father invites you in order to recompense you for having watered for us [28:25]. Musa-as stood up to go with her, and she walked in front of him-as. However, Musa-as said to her: ‘Walk behind me-as, and show me-as the way and I-as shall follow the direction, for we-as are a people who do not look at the backs of the women’.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَى شُعَيْبٍ قَصَّ عَلَيْهِ قِصَّتَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ شُعَيْبٌ لا تَخَفْ نَجَوْتَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ قَالَتْ إِحْدَى بَنَاتِ شُعَيْبٍ يا أَبَتِ اسْتَأْجِرْهُ إِنَّ خَيْرَ مَنِ اسْتَأْجَرْتَ الْقَوِيُّ الْأَمِينُ
When he-as came up to Shuayb-as, related to him-as the story. Shuayb-as said to him-as: ‘Do not fear! You have escaped from the unjust people’ [28:25]’. One of the daughters of Shuayb-as said, ‘One of the two (women) said, ‘O father! Employ him. Surely he is the best of the one you can employ, being strong, trustworthy’ [28:26]’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا شُعَيْبٌ أَمَّا قُوَّتُهُ فَقَدْ عَرَفْتِهِ بِسَقْيِ الدَّلْوِ وَحْدَهُ فَبِمَ عَرَفْتِ أَمَانَتَهُ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّهُ قَالَ لِي تَأَخَّرِي عَنِّي وَ دُلِّينِي عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَأَنَا مِنْ قَوْمٍ لَا يَنْظُرُونَ فِي أَدْبَارِ النِّسَاءِ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ يَنْظُرُونَ فِي أَعْجَازِ النِّسَاءِ فَهَذِهِ أَمَانَتُهُ
Shuayb-as said to her: ‘As for his-as strength, so you recognised it by his-as drawing the bucket alone. How did you recognise his-as trustworthiness?’ She said to him-as, ‘He-as said to me: ‘Walk behind me, and show me the way, for we-as are a people who do not look at the backs of the women’. I recognised that he-as is from a people who do not look at the body parts of the women, therefore this is his-as trustworthiness’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ شُعَيْبٌ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُنْكِحَكَ إِحْدَى ابْنَتَيَّ هاتَيْنِ عَلى أَنْ تَأْجُرَنِي ثَمانِيَ حِجَجٍ فَإِنْ أَتْمَمْتَ عَشْراً فَمِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَ ما أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَيْكَ سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شاءَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
Shuayb-as said to him-as: ‘He said: ‘I want to marry one of these two daughters of mine to you on a stipulation that you will hire yourself to me for eight years. So if you complete ten, then it would be from you, and I do not intend to be difficult upon you. Allah Willing you will find me to be from the righteous ones’ [28:27]’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى ذلِكَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ أَيَّمَا الْأَجَلَيْنِ قَضَيْتُ فَلا عُدْوانَ عَلَيَ أَيْ لَا سَبِيلَ عَلَيَّ إِنْ عَمِلْتُ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ أَوْ ثَمَانِيَ سِنِينَ فَقَالَ مُوسَى اللَّهُ عَلى ما نَقُولُ وَكِيلٌ
Musa-as said to him-as: ‘‘That would be (an agreement) between me and you. Whichever of the two terms I fulfil, so there shall be no unfairness upon me [28:28] – i.e., no way against me-as if I-as were to work for ten years, or for eight years and Allah is a Witness upon what we are saying [28:28]’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَيَّ الْأَجَلَيْنِ قَضَى قَالَ أَتَمَّهُمَا عَشْرَ حِجَجٍ قُلْتُ لَهُ فَدَخَلَ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمْضِيَ الْأَجَلُ أَوْ بَعْدُ قَالَ قَبْلُ قُلْتُ فَالرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ وَ يَشْتَرِطُ لِأَبِيهَا إِجَارَةَ شَهْرَيْنِ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Which of the two terms did he-as fulfil?’ He-asws said: ‘Ten years’. I said to him-asws, ‘Did he-as copulate with her before or after it?’ He-asws said: ‘Before’. I said, ‘So the man marries the woman, and upon the condition to her father for a recompense of two months for example, is that allowed?’
قَالَ إِنَّ مُوسَى ع عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ يُتِمُّ لَهُ شَرْطَهُ فَكَيْفَ لِهَذَا أَنْ يَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ يَبْقَى حَتَّى يَفِيَ قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَيَّتُهُمَا زَوَّجَهُ شُعَيْبٌ مِنْ بَنَاتِهِ قَالَ الَّتِي ذَهَبَتْ إِلَيْهِ فَدَعَتْهُ وَ قَالَتْ لِأَبِيهَا يا أَبَتِ اسْتَأْجِرْهُ إِنَّ خَيْرَ مَنِ اسْتَأْجَرْتَ الْقَوِيُّ الْأَمِينُ
He-asws said: ‘Musa-as knew that he-as would be completing the conditions agreed with him-as. How can this be (not copulate with her) if he-as knew that he-as would be remaining until he-as fulfils it’. I said to him-asws: ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Which of the two daughters did Shuayb-as get to be married to him-as?’ He-asws said: ‘The one which went to him-as to call him-as over and said to her father: ‘‘O father! Employ him. Surely he is the best of the one you can employ, being strong, trustworthy’ [28:26]’.
فَلَمَّا قَضى مُوسَى الْأَجَلَ قَالَ لِشُعَيْبٍ لَا بُدَّ لِي أَنْ أَرْجِعَ إِلَى وَطَنِي وَ أُمِّي وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي فَمَا لِي عِنْدَكَ فَقَالَ شُعَيْبٌ مَا وَضَعَتْ أَغْنَامِي فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ مِنْ غَنَمٍ بُلْقٍ فَهُوَ لَكَ
When Musa-as fulfilled the term, he-as said to Shuayb-as: ‘It is inevitable for me-as that I-as should return to my nation, and my-as mother, and my-as family. What is there for me-as with you-as?’ Shuayb-as said: ‘Whatever my sheep give birth to this year, which are black and white, so it is for you’
فَعَمَدَ مُوسَى عِنْدَ مَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يُرْسِلَ الْفَحْلَ عَلَى الْغَنَمِ إِلَى عَصَاهُ فَقَشَرَ مِنْهُ بَعْضَهُ وَ تَرَكَ بَعْضَهُ وَ عزره [غَرَزَهُ] فِي وَسَطِ مَرْبِضِ الْغَنَمِ وَ أَلْقَى عَلَيْهِ كِسَاءً أَبْلَقَ
Musa-as resorted, with regards to what he-as wanted to usher the sheep with the stick. He-as separated some from the others, and left some. He-as sent the male sheep among them, and attached the cloak upon it. The sheep did not give birth to any except for the black and white.
ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ الْفَحْلَ عَلَى الْغَنَمِ فَلَمْ تَضَعِ الْغَنَمُ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ إِلَّا بُلْقاً فَلَمَّا حَالَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَوْلُ حَمَلَ مُوسَى امْرَأَتَهُ وَ زَوَّدَهُ شُعَيْبٌ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَ سَاقَ غَنَمَهُ فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ الْخُرُوجَ قَالَ لِشُعَيْبٍ أَبْغِي عَصًا تَكُونُ مَعِي وَ كَانَتْ عَصَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ عِنْدَهُ قَدْ وَرِثَهَا مَجْمُوعَةً فِي بَيْتٍ
When the conditions were right, Musa-as took his-as family, and Shuayb-as gave him-as provisions from himself-as, and the sheep. When he-as wanted to go out, he-as said to Shuayb-as: ‘Let the staff reach to me-as, to be with me-as’. And the staff of the Prophets-as was with him-as which he-as had inherited from all in the house.
فَقَالَ لَهُ شُعَيْبٌ ادْخُلْ هَذَا الْبَيْتَ وَ خُذْ عَصًا مِنْ بَيْنَ تِلْكَ الْعِصِيِّ فَدَخَلَ فَوَثَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ عَصَا نُوحٍ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع وَ صَارَتْ فِي كَفِّهِ فَأَخْرَجَهَا وَ نَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا شُعَيْبٌ فَقَالَ رُدَّهَا وَ خُذْ غَيْرَهَا فَرَدَّهَا لِيَأْخُذَ غَيْرَهَا فَوَثَبَتْ إِلَيْهِ تِلْكَ بِعَيْنِهَا فَرَدَّهَا حَتَّى فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَلَمَّا رَأَى شُعَيْبٌ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَهُ اذْهَبْ فَقَدْ خَصَّكَ اللَّهُ بِهَا
Shuayb-as said to him-as: ‘Enter this room, and take a staff from between my-as staffs’. He-as entered. The staff came to be with him-as, the staff of Noah-as, and Ibrahim-as, and it came to be in his-as hand. He-as took it out, and Shuayb-as looked at it, and he-as said: ‘Return it, and take another one’. So, he-as returned it to take another one, but it returned back to his-as, to the extent that he-as did it three times. When Shuayb-as saw that, he-as said to him: ‘Go, for Allah-azwj has Chosen it for you-as’.
فَسَاقَ غَنَمَهُ فَخَرَجَ يُرِيدُ مِصْرَ فَلَمَّا صَارَ فِي مَفَازَةٍ وَ مَعَهُ أَهْلُهُ أَصَابَهُمْ بَرْدٌ شَدِيدٌ وَ رِيحٌ وَ ظُلْمَةٌ وَ قَدْ جَنَّهُمُ اللَّيْلُ وَ نَظَرَ مُوسَى إِلَى نَارٍ قَدْ ظَهَرَتْ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ فَلَمَّا قَضى مُوسَى الْأَجَلَ وَ سارَ بِأَهْلِهِ آنَسَ مِنْ جانِبِ الطُّورِ ناراً قالَ لِأَهْلِهِ امْكُثُوا إِنِّي آنَسْتُ ناراً لَعَلِّي آتِيكُمْ مِنْها بِخَبَرٍ أَوْ جَذْوَةٍ مِنَ النَّارِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَصْطَلُونَ
He-as ushered his sheep and went out intending for Egypt. When he-as journeyed in the desert along with his-as family, they were struck with extreme cold, and wind, and darkness of the night. Musa-as looked towards a fire which could be seen, just as Allah-azwj has Said: So when Musa had fulfilled the term, and he journeyed with his family, he perceived a fire from the side of the (mount) Toor. He said to his family: Stay! I perceive a fire. Perhaps I shall come to you with news from it or a firebrand from the fire, for you to warm yourselves [28:29].
فَأَقْبَلَ نَحْوَ النَّارِ يَقْتَبِسُ فَإِذَا شَجَرَةٌ وَ نَارٌ تَلْتَهِبُ عَلَيْهَا فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ نَحْوَ النَّارِ يَقْتَبِسُ مِنْهَا أَهْوَتْ إِلَيْهِ فَفَزِعَ مِنْهَا وَ عَدَا وَ رَجَعَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى الشَّجَرَةِ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْهَا وَ قَدْ رَجَعَتْ إِلَى الشَّجَرَةِ فَرَجَعَ الثَّانِيَةَ لِيَقْتَبِسَ فَأَهْوَتْ نَحْوَهُ فَعَدَا وَ تَرَكَهَا ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ وَ قَدْ رَجَعَتْ إِلَى الشَّجَرَةِ فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهَا الثَّالِثَةَ فَأَهْوَتْ إِلَيْهِ فَعَدَا وَ لَمْ يُعَقِّبْ أَيْ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ فَنَادَاهُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يا مُوسى إِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعالَمِينَ
He-as went close to the fire in order to attain it, and there was a tree, which was covered by the fire. When he-as went close to fire in order to take from it, he-as found it returned back to it, so he-as panicked and left it, and the fire returned back to the tree. Then he-as turned towards it and saw that it had returned back to its place. Then he-as turned towards it for a second time to take from it, but it returned back to the tree. Then he-as turned towards it for a third time, so it came and did not return. Then Allah-azwj Called out: “O Musa! I am Allah, Lord of the Words! [28:30].
قَالَ مُوسَى ع فَمَا الدَّلِيلُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ اللَّهُ مَا فِي يَمِينِكَ يَا مُوسَى قالَ هِيَ عَصايَ قالَ أَلْقِها يا مُوسى فَأَلْقاها فَصَارَتْ حَيَّةً فَفَزِعَ مِنْهَا مُوسَى وَ عَدَا
Musa-as said: ‘So what is the proof of that?’ Allah-azwj Said: “What is in your hand, O Musa-as?’ He-as said: ‘This is my-as staff’. He-azwj Said: “And Cast your staff!’ [28:31]. He-as cast it, and it became a slithering snake. Musa-as panicked from it and retreated.
فَنَادَاهُ اللَّهُ خُذْها وَ لا تَخَفْ إِنَّكَ مِنَ الْآمِنِينَ اسْلُكْ يَدَكَ فِي جَيْبِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ أَيْ مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ
Allah-azwj Called out to him-as: “Grab it (the staff which had turned into a snake), and do not fear, you are from the Secured ones! [28:31] Insert your hand into your pocket, it will come out white without blemish [28:32], i.e., without ailment.
وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ مُوسَى ع كَانَ شَدِيدَ السُّمْرَةِ فَأَخْرَجَ يَدَهُ مِنْ جَيْبِهِ فَأَضَاءَتْ لَهُ الدُّنْيَا فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَذانِكَ بُرْهانانِ مِنْ رَبِّكَ إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَائِهِ إِنَّهُمْ كانُوا قَوْماً فاسِقِينَ
And that is because Musa-as was very tanned. He-as brought out his-as hand from his-as pocket, and the world was lit up for him-as. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: So these two would be two proofs from your Lord to Pharaoh and his chiefs. They have been a transgressing people [28:32].
فَقَالَ مُوسَى كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ رَبِّ إِنِّي قَتَلْتُ مِنْهُمْ نَفْساً فَأَخافُ أَنْ يَقْتُلُونِ وَ أَخِي هارُونُ هُوَ أَفْصَحُ مِنِّي لِساناً فَأَرْسِلْهُ مَعِي رِدْءاً يُصَدِّقُنِي إِنِّي أَخافُ أَنْ يُكَذِّبُونِ قالَ سَنَشُدُّ عَضُدَكَ بِأَخِيكَ وَ نَجْعَلُ لَكُما سُلْطاناً فَلا يَصِلُونَ إِلَيْكُما بِآياتِنا أَنْتُما وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَكُمَا الْغالِبُونَ
Musa-as said, just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Related: ‘Lord! I killed one person from them, so I fear that they would be killing me’ [28:33] And my brother Haroun, he is more eloquent of tongue than I, therefore send him with me as a helper, ratifying me. Surely, I fear that they would belie me [28:34] He said: “We will Strengthen your arm with your brother, and We will Give you both an Authorisation, so that they would not get to you. With Our Signs, you and the ones who follow you two, would be victorious!” [28:35]’’.[22]
3- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ كُنْ لِمَا لَا تَرْجُو أَرْجَى مِنْكَ لِمَا تَرْجُو فَإِنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ذَهَبَ يَقْتَبِسُ نَاراً فَانْصَرَفَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ هُوَ نَبِيٌّ مُرْسَلٌ
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Abu Jameela who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Be hoping to what there is no hope from you to what you are hoping for, for Musa-as went to attain fire and came back to them and he-as was a Sent Prophet-as’’.[23]
4- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الضَّبِّيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ مَشَايِخِهِ قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ عِزَّتِي يَا مُوسَى لَوْ أَنَّ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي قَتَلْتَ أَقَرَّتْ لِي طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ أَنِّي لَهَا خَالِقٌ وَ رَازِقٌ أَذَقْتُكَ طَعْمَ الْعَذَابِ وَ إِنَّمَا عَفَوْتُ عَنْكَ أَمْرَهَا لِأَنَّهَا لَمْ تُقِرَّ بِي طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ أَنِّي لَهَا خَالِقٌ وَ رَازِقٌ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al-Husayn Bin Ja’far Al Saby, from his father, from one of his elders who said,
‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Musa-as: “By My-azwj Might, O Musa-as! The person whom you-as killed, had he acknowledged to Me-azwj, even for the blink of an eye, that I-azwj am his Creator and sustainer, I-azwj would have Made you-as taste a taste of Punishment, and rather I-azwj have Pardoned you-as of his matter because he did not acknowledge to Me-azwj, even for the blink of an eye, that I-azwj am his Creator and Sustainer!” [24]
5- يه، من لا يحضر الفقيه عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ يا أَبَتِ اسْتَأْجِرْهُ إِنَّ خَيْرَ مَنِ اسْتَأْجَرْتَ الْقَوِيُّ الْأَمِينُ قَالَ قَالَ لَهَا شُعَيْبٌ يَا بُنَيَّةِ هَذَا قَوِيٌّ قَدْ عَرَفْتِهِ بِدَفْعِ الصَّخْرَةِ الْأَمِينُ مِنْ أَيْنَ عَرَفْتِهِ قَالَتْ يَا أَبَتِ إِنِّي مَشَيْتُ قُدَّامَهُ فَقَالَ امْشِي مِنْ خَلْفِي فَإِنْ ضَلَلْتُ فَأَرْشِدِينِي إِلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَإِنَّا قَوْمٌ لَا نَنْظُرُ فِي أَدْبَارِ النِّسَاءِ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – From Safwan Bin Yahya,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: ‘‘O father! Employ him. Surely he is the best of the one you can employ, being strong, trustworthy’ [28:26]. He-asws said: ‘Shuayb-as said to her: ‘As for his-as strength, so you recognised it by his-as drawing the bucket alone. How did you recognise his-as trustworthiness?’ She said to him-as, ‘He-as said to me: ‘Walk behind me, and show me the way, for we-as are a people who do not look at the backs of the women’. I recognised that he-as is from a people who do not look at the backs of the women’’.[25]
6- ج، الإحتجاج ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام فِي خَبَرِ ابْنِ الْجَهْمِ قَالَ: سَأَلَ الْمَأْمُونُ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَوَكَزَهُ مُوسى فَقَضى عَلَيْهِ قالَ هذا مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطانِ
‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – In a Hadeeth of Ibn Al Jaham who said,
‘Al-Mamoun asked Al-Reza-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: So Musa sprung upon him. He said, ‘This is from the work of the Satan. [28:15]’.
قَالَ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ دَخَلَ مَدِينَةً مِنْ مَدَائِنِ فِرْعَوْنَ عَلى حِينِ غَفْلَةٍ مِنْ أَهْلِها وَ ذَلِكَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ الْعِشَاءِ فَوَجَدَ فِيها رَجُلَيْنِ يَقْتَتِلانِ هذا مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ وَ هذا مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ فَاسْتَغاثَهُ الَّذِي مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ عَلَى الَّذِي مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ فَقَضَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى الْعَدُوِّ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ فَوَكَزَهُ فَمَاتَ قالَ هذا مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطانِ يَعْنِي الِاقْتِتَالَ الَّذِي كَانَ وَقَعَ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ لَا مَا فَعَلَهُ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِنْ قَتْلِهِ إِنَّهُ يَعْنِي الشَّيْطَانَ عَدُوٌّ مُضِلٌّ مُبِينٌ
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Musa-as entered the city from the cities of the Pharaoh-la when its inhabitants were oblivious to it, and that is between the evening and the night, so he-as found therein two men fighting – this one was from his-as Shias, and this from his enemies. So he-as came to the aid of the one who was his-as Shia against the one from his enemies. Musa-as struck against the enemy by the Command of Allah-azwj the Exalted, and he died. ‘This is from the work of the Satan, meaning the fighting which occurred between the two men, not what Musa-as did from killing him. He – meaning Satan-la, is an enemy, openly leading astray’ [28:15]’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَمَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ مُوسَى رَبِّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي فَاغْفِرْ لِي
Al-Mamoun said, ‘So what is the meaning of the words of Musa-as: ‘My Lord! I have been unjust to myself, therefore Forgive (my deed) for me [28:16]?’
قَالَ يَقُولُ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُ نَفْسِي غَيْرَ مَوْضِعِهَا بِدُخُولِي هَذِهِ الْمَدِينَةَ فَاغْفِرْ لِي أَيِ اسْتُرْنِي مِنْ أَعْدَائِكَ لِئَلَّا يَظْفَرُوا بِي فَيَقْتُلُونِي فَغَفَرَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ
He-asws said: ‘He-as is saying, ‘I-as placed myself-as in the wrong place by entering this city, so Forgive me-as, i.e., Veil me-as from Your-azwj enemies, perhaps they may overcome upon me-as and kill me-as. So He Forgave (his deed) for him. Surely, He is the Forgiving, the Merciful [28:16].
قالَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ رَبِّ بِما أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَ مِنَ الْقُوَّةِ حَتَّى قَتَلْتُ رَجُلًا بِوَكْزَةٍ فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيراً لِلْمُجْرِمِينَ بَلْ أُجَاهِدُ فِي سَبِيلِكَ بِهَذِهِ الْقُوَّةِ حَتَّى تَرْضَى
Musa-as said: ‘ ‘My Lord! Due to what You Conferred upon me [28:17], from the strength to the extent that he-as killed a man by striking him, so I will never be a backer for the criminals’ [28:17], but I-as shall fight in Your-azwj Way by this strength until You-azwj are Pleased’.
فَأَصْبَحَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ خائِفاً يَتَرَقَّبُ فَإِذَا الَّذِي اسْتَنْصَرَهُ بِالْأَمْسِ يَسْتَصْرِخُهُ عَلَى آخَرَ قالَ لَهُ مُوسى إِنَّكَ لَغَوِيٌّ مُبِينٌ قَاتَلْتَ رَجُلًا بِالْأَمْسِ وَ تُقَاتِلُ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ لَأُؤَدِّبَنَّكَ وَ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَبْطِشَ بِهِ- فَلَمَّا أَنْ أَرادَ أَنْ يَبْطِشَ بِالَّذِي هُوَ عَدُوٌّ لَهُما وَ هُوَ مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ قالَ يا مُوسى أَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَقْتُلَنِي كَما قَتَلْتَ نَفْساً بِالْأَمْسِ إِنْ تُرِيدُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ جَبَّاراً فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ ما تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُصْلِحِينَ
So he – Musa-as, became fearful in the city, awaiting, when the one whom he had helped the day before sought his help. Musa said to him: ‘You are in clear error! [28:18]. You fought a man yesterday, and are fighting another one today?’ And he-as intended to strike him. So when he intended to strike the one who was an enemy to them, – and although he was from his-as Shias, he said, ‘O Musa! Are you intending to kill me just as you killed a soul yesterday? Surely you are only wanting to become a tyrant in the land, and you are not wanting to become from the reconcilers’ [28:19]’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ جَزَاكَ اللَّهُ خَيْراً يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ فَمَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ مُوسَى لِفِرْعَوْنَ فَعَلْتُها إِذاً وَ أَنَا مِنَ الضَّالِّينَ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘May Allah-azwj Recompense you-as good from His-azwj Prophets-as, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! What is the meaning of the words of Musa-as to Pharaoh-la: He said: ‘I did it then when I was from the straying ones [26:20]?’
قَالَ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ قَالَ لِمُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمَّا أَتَاهُ وَ فَعَلْتَ فَعْلَتَكَ الَّتِي فَعَلْتَ وَ أَنْتَ مِنَ الْكافِرِينَ بِي
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Pharaoh-la said to Musa-as, when he-as came to him-la, ‘And you did that deed of yours which you did, and you are from the ungrateful ones’ [26:19], to me-la.
قَالَ مُوسَى فَعَلْتُها إِذاً وَ أَنَا مِنَ الضَّالِّينَ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ بِوُقُوعِي إِلَى مَدِينَةٍ مِنْ مَدَائِنِكَ فَفَرَرْتُ مِنْكُمْ لَمَّا خِفْتُكُمْ فَوَهَبَ لِي رَبِّي حُكْماً وَ جَعَلَنِي مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ الْخَبَرَ
Musa-as said: ‘He said: ‘I did it then when I was from the straying ones [26:20], having strayed off the road, by staying in one of your cities, So I fled from you when I feared you. Then my Lord Granted me Wisdom and Made me to be from the Rasools [26:21]’ – the Hadeeth’.[26]
7- ك، إكمال الدين ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ آدَمَ النَّسَائِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ آدَمَ بْنِ إِيَاسٍ عَنِ الْمُبَارَكِ بْنِ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ سَيِّدِ الْعَابِدِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَيِّدِ الشُّهَدَاءِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَيِّدِ الْوَصِيِّينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا حَضَرَتْ يُوسُفَ الْوَفَاةُ جَمَعَ شِيعَتَهُ وَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ حَدَّثَهُمْ بِشِدَّةٍ تَنَالُهُمْ يُقْتَلُ فِيهَا الرِّجَالُ وَ تُشَقُّ بُطُونُ الْحَبَالَى وَ تُذْبَحُ الْأَطْفَالُ حَتَّى يُظْهِرَ اللَّهُ الْحَقَّ فِي الْقَائِمِ مِنْ وُلْدِ لَاوَى بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ وَ هُوَ رَجُلٌ أَسْمَرُ طَوِيلٌ وَ وَصَفَهُ لَهُمْ بِنَعْتِهِ
Ibn Idrees, from his father, from Sahl, from Muhammad Bin Adam Al Nasaie, from his father Adam Ibn Ayas, from Al Mubarak Bin Fazala, from Saeed Bin Jubeyr,
‘From Chief of the worshippers Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his-asws father-asws Chief of the martyrs Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws Chief of the successors-asws Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When the expiry presented to Yusuf-as, he-as gathered his-as Shias and the people of his-as household and praised Allah-azwj, and extolled upon Him-azwj. Then he-as narrated to them of the difficulties in which the men would be killed, and the bellies of the pregnant women would be slit, and the children would be slaughtered until Allah-azwj Manifests the truth during the rising one from the children of Lawy Bin Yaqoub-as, and he would be a man of a tall stature, and described him-as to them of his-as attributes.
فَتَمَسَّكُوا بِذَلِكَ وَ وَقَعَتِ الْغَيْبَةُ وَ الشِّدَّةُ بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ هُمْ يَنْتَظِرُونَ قِيَامَ الْقَائِمِ أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ حَتَّى إِذَا بُشِّرُوا بِوِلَادَتِهِ وَ رَأَوْا عَلَامَاتِ ظُهُورِهِ اشْتَدَّتِ الْبَلْوَى عَلَيْهِمْ وَ حُمِلَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْخَشَبِ وَ الْحِجَارَةِ وَ طُلِبَ الْفَقِيهُ الَّذِي كَانُوا يَسْتَرِيحُونَ إِلَى أَحَادِيثِهِ فَاسْتَتَرَ وَ تَرَاسَلُوهُ وَ قَالُوا كُنَّا مَعَ الشِّدَّةِ نَسْتَرِيحُ إِلَى حَدِيثِكَ
They adhered with that, and the occultation occurred and the difficulties with the Children of Israel, and they were awaiting the rising of the rising one for four hundred years, until when they were given the glad tidings of his-as birth and saw the signs of his-as appearance, the afflictions intensified upon them and there were attacks upon them with the firewood and the stones, and the jurist who was hastening to the occurrence of his-as advent hid, and they said, ‘We were with the difficulties but were at rest to your narrations’.
فَخَرَجَ بِهِمْ إِلَى بَعْضِ الصَّحَارِي وَ جَلَسَ يُحَدِّثُهُمْ حَدِيثَ الْقَائِمِ وَ نَعْتَهُ وَ قُرْبَ الْأَمْرِ وَ كَانَتْ لَيْلَةٌ قَمْرَاءُ فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ حَدِيثَ السِّنِّ وَ قَدْ خَرَجَ مِنْ دَارِ فِرْعَوْنَ يُظْهِرُ النُّزْهَةَ فَعَدَلَ عَنْ مَوْكِبِهِ وَ أَقْبَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ تَحْتَهُ بَغْلَةٌ وَ عَلَيْهِ طَيْلَسَانُ خَزٍّ
He went out with them to one of the deserts and sat narrating them the Hadeeth of the rising one and his-as attributes and the nearness of the matter; and it was a cool moonlit night. While they were like that, when Musa-as emerged to them, and during that time he-as was a young in age, and he-as had come out from the house of Pharaoh-la manifesting the parade. He-as came away from his-as procession and came to them, and beneath him-as was a mule and upon him was a green pallium.
فَلَمَّا رَآهُ الْفَقِيهُ عَرَفَهُ بِالنَّعْتِ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ وَ انْكَبَّ عَلَى قَدَمَيْهِ فَقَبَّلَهُمَا ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يُمِتْنِي حَتَّى أَرَانِيَكَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى الشِّيعَةُ ذَلِكَ عَلِمُوا أَنَّهُ صَاحِبُهُمْ فَأَكَبُّوا عَلَى الْأَرْضِ شُكْراً لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَلَمْ يَزِدْهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ قَالَ أَرْجُو أَنْ يُعَجِّلَ اللَّهُ فَرَجَكُمْ
When the jurist saw him-as, recognised him-as by the attributes, stood up to him-as and fell at his-as feet and kissed them, then said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Whom did not Cause me to die until I saw you-as’. When the Shias saw that, they knew he-as is their Master, and they fell down to the ground in Sajdah of thanks to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, but he-as did not increase them upon saying: ‘Hope that Allah-azwj will Hasten your relief’.
ثُمَّ غَابَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ خَرَجَ إِلَى مَدِينَةِ مَدْيَنَ فَأَقَامَ عِنْدَ شُعَيْبٍ مَا أَقَامَ فَكَانَتِ الْغَيْبَةُ الثَّانِيَةُ أَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْأُولَى وَ كَانَتْ نَيِّفاً وَ خَمْسِينَ سَنَةً وَ اشْتَدَّتِ الْبَلْوَى عَلَيْهِمْ وَ اسْتَتَرَ الْفَقِيهُ فَبَعَثُوا إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لَا صَبْرَ لَنَا عَلَى اسْتِتَارِكَ عَنَّا فَخَرَجَ إِلَى بَعْضِ الصَّحَارِي وَ اسْتَدْعَاهُمْ وَ طَيَّبَ قُلُوبَهُمْ وَ أَعْلَمَهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ مُفَرِّجٌ عَنْهُمْ بَعْدَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً
Then he-as disappeared after that and went out to Madayn and stayed with Shuayb for as long as he-as stayed. The second occultation was more difficult upon them than the first and was fifty years and over, and the afflictions intensified upon them, and the jurist was hidden to them. They sent a message to him, ‘There is no patience for us upon your hiding from us’. He came out to one of the deserts and called them, and made their hearts feel good and let them know that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to him-as that their relief would be after forty years.
فَقَالُوا بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قُلْ لَهُمْ قَدْ جَعَلْتُهَا ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً لِقَوْلِهِمْ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ فَقَالُوا كُلُّ نِعْمَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ قُلْ لَهُمْ قَدْ جَعَلْتُهَا عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً فَقَالُوا لَا يَأْتِي بِالْخَيْرِ إِلَّا اللَّهُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ قُلْ لَهُمْ قَدْ جَعَلْتُهَا عَشْراً
They said altogether, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj!’ Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to him: “Say to them, I-azwj had Made it to be thirty years due to their words, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj’”. They said, ‘All Bounties are from Allah-azwj’. Allah-azwj Revealed to him: “Say to them I-azwj have Made it to be twenty years”. They said, ‘No one comes with the good except Allah-azwj’. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “Say to them I-azwj have Made it to be ten years’.
فَقَالُوا لَا يَصْرِفُ الشَّرَّ إِلَّا اللَّهُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ قُلْ لَهُمْ لَا تَبْرَحُوا فَقَدْ آذَنْتُ فِي فَرَجِكُمْ فَبَيْنَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ طَلَعَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ رَاكِباً حِمَاراً فَأَرَادَ الْفَقِيهُ أَنْ يُعَرِّفَ الشِّيعَةَ مَا يَسْتَبْصِرُونَ بِهِ فِيهِ وَ جَاءَ مُوسَى حَتَّى وَقَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ
They said, ‘None turns the evil away except Allah-azwj’. Allah-azwj Revealed to them: “Do not leave, for I-azwj have Permitted regarding your relief!” While they were like that when Musa-as emerged riding a donkey. The jurist intended that the Shias recognise what he was seeing with in him-as, and Musa-as came until he-as paused at them and greeted unto them’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْفَقِيهُ مَا اسْمُكَ فَقَالَ مُوسَى قَالَ ابْنُ مَنْ قَالَ ابْنُ عِمْرَانَ قَالَ ابْنُ مَنْ قَالَ ابْنُ وَهْبِ بْنِ لَاوَى بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ بِمَا ذَا جِئْتَ قَالَ بِالرِّسَالَةِ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
The jurists said to him-as, ‘What is your-as name?’ He-as said: ‘Musa-as’’. He said, ‘Son of whom?’ He-as said: ‘Son-as of Imran-as’. He said, ‘Son of whom?’ He-as said: ‘Son-as of Wahab Bin Yawy Bin Yaqoub-as’. He said, ‘What have you-as come with?’ He-as said: ‘With the Message from the Presence of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.
فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَبَّلَ يَدَهُ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ طَيَّبَ نُفُوسَهُمْ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَمْرَهُ ثُمَّ فَرَّقَهُمْ فَكَانَ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ وَ بَيْنَ فَرَجِهِمْ بِغَرْقِ فِرْعَوْنَ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً
He stood up to him-as and kissed his-as hand. Then he-as sat between them and made their selves feel good and instructed them of his-as matter. Then he-as separated from them. It was so between that time and their relief with the drowning of Pharaoh-la was (a duration of) forty years’’.[27]
8- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَوْلُ شُعَيْبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُنْكِحَكَ إِحْدَى ابْنَتَيَّ هاتَيْنِ عَلى أَنْ تَأْجُرَنِي ثَمانِيَ حِجَجٍ فَإِنْ أَتْمَمْتَ عَشْراً فَمِنْ عِنْدِكَ أَيَّ الْأَجَلَيْنِ قَضَى قَالَ وَفَى مِنْهُمَا بِأَبْعَدِهِمَا عَشْرَ سِنِينَ
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father altogether, from Al Bazanty who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan-asws, ‘The words of Shuayb-as: I want to marry one of these two daughters of mine to you on a stipulation that you will hire yourself to me for eight years. So if you complete ten, [28:27], which of the terms did he-as fulfil?’ He-asws said: ‘And in the more distant of the two, ten years’.
قُلْتُ فَدَخَلَ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْقَضِيَ الشَّرْطُ أَوْ بَعْدَ انْقِضَائِهِ قَالَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْقَضِيَ
I said, ‘Did he-as copulate with her before he-as had fulfilled the condition or after its expiry?’ He-asws said: ‘Before he-asws had fulfilled it’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ فَالرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ وَ يَشْتَرِطُ لِأَبِيهَا إِجَارَةَ شَهْرَيْنِ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ سَيُتِمُّ لَهُ شَرْطَهُ فَكَيْفَ لِهَذَا بِأَنْ يَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ سَيَبْقَى حَتَّى يَفِيَ لَهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘The man marries the woman and stipulates to her father employment of two months, is that allowed that?’ He-asws said: ‘Musa-as knew that he-as will be completing his-as condition, so how can it be for this one that he would be remaining (alive) until he would fulfil it?’’.[28]
9- ك، إكمال الدين أَبِي وَ ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ مَعاً عَنْ سَعْدٍ وَ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ وَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ يُوسُفَ بْنَ يَعْقُوبَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا حِينَ حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ جَمَعَ آلَ يَعْقُوبَ وَ هُمْ ثَمَانُونَ رَجُلًا فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقِبْطَ سَيَظْهَرُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ يَسُومُونَكُمْ سُوءَ الْعَذابِ وَ إِنَّمَا يُنَجِّيكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ أَيْدِيهِمْ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ وُلْدِ لَاوَى بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ اسْمُهُ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ غُلَامٌ طَوِيلٌ جَعْدٌ آدَمُ فَجَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يُسَمِّي ابْنَهُ عِمْرَانَ وَ يُسَمِّي عِمْرَانُ ابْنَهُ مُوسَى
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – My father and Ib Al Waleed both together, from Sa’ad and Al Himeyri and Muhammad Al Alttar and Ahmad Bin Idrees altogether from Ibn Isa, from Al bazanty, from Aban Bin Usman, from Muhammad Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When death approached Yusuf-as Bin Yaqoub-as, he-as gathered the family of Yaqoub-as – and they were eighty men – so he-as said to them: ‘These Coptic’s would be overcoming you, and would be afflicting you with evil punishment. But, Allah-azwj will Rescue you from their hands by a man-as from the children of Al-Awy Bin Yaqoub-as, whose name would be Musa-as Bin Imran-as; a tall man of wheatish complexion’. So the men from the Children of Israel kept naming their sons ‘Imran’, and whoever was named as Imran kept naming his son as Musa’’.
فَذَكَرَ أَبَانُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَا خَرَجَ مُوسَى حَتَّى خَرَجَ قَبْلَهُ خَمْسُونَ كَذَّاباً مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كُلُّهُمْ يَدَّعِي أَنَّهُ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ
Aban Bin Usman mentioned, from Abu Al Haseyn, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘‘Musa-as Bin Imran-as did not come out until there came out fifty liars from the Children of Israeel before him-as, each one claiming to be Musa-as Bin Imran-as.
فَبَلَغَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَنَّهُمْ يُرْجِفُونَ بِهِ وَ يَطْلُبُونَ هَذَا الْغُلَامَ وَ قَالَ لَهُ كَهَنَتُهُ وَ سَحَرَتُهُ إِنَّ هَلَاكَ دِينِكَ وَ قَوْمِكَ عَلَى يَدَيْ هَذَا الْغُلَامِ الَّذِي يُولَدُ الْعَامَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَوَضَعَ الْقَوَابِلَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ وَ قَالَ لَا يُولَدُ الْعَامَ غُلَامٌ إِلَّا ذُبِحَ وَ وَضَعَ عَلَى أُمِّ مُوسَى قَابِلَةً
It reached Pharaoh-la that they (people) are awaiting this boy-as, and his-la sooth-sayers and magicians said to him-la, ‘Your-la religion and your-la people would be destroyed at the hands of this boy-as who would be born this year among the Children of Israel’. He-la placed the midwives to oversee the women, and said, ‘There should not be born a boy this year, except that he should be slaughtered’. And he-la also placed a midwife over the mother of Musa-as.
فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالُوا إِذَا ذَبَحَ الْغِلْمَانَ وَ اسْتَحْيَا النِّسَاءَ هَلَكْنَا فَلَمْ نَبْقَ فَتَعَالَوْا لَا نَقْرَبِ النِّسَاءَ
When the Children of Israel saw that, they said, ‘If they slaughter our boys, and let the women live, we would be destroyed, and we would not remain. Come, let us not go near our women’.
فَقَالَ عِمْرَانُ أَبُو مُوسَى بَلْ بَاشِرُوهُنَّ فَإِنَّ أَمْرَ اللَّهِ وَاقِعٌ وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ اللَّهُمَّ مَنْ حَرَّمَهُ فَإِنِّي لَا أُحَرِّمُهُ وَ مَنْ تَرَكَهُ فَإِنِّي لَا أَتْرُكُهُ وَ بَاشَرَ أُمَّ مُوسَى فَحَمَلَتْ بِهِ
Imran-as, father of Musa-as said: ‘But we should establish relations with them, for the Command of Allah-azwj will occur even though the Polytheists may be averse to it. It is up to him who wishes to prohibit it and leave it, for I will neither prohibit it nor leave it. And he cohabited with the mother of Musa-as, and she started expecting him-as.
فَوَضَعَ عَلَى أُمِّ مُوسَى قَابِلَةً تَحْرُسُهَا فَإِذَا قَامَتْ قَامَتْ وَ إِذَا قَعَدَتْ قَعَدَتْ فَلَمَّا حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَقَعَتْ عَلَيْهَا الْمَحَبَّةُ وَ كَذَلِكَ حُجَجُ اللَّهِ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ فَقَالَتْ لَهَا الْقَابِلَةُ مَا لَكِ يَا بُنَيَّةِ تَصْفَرِّينَ وَ تَذُوبِينَ قَالَتْ لَا تَلُومِينِي فَإِنِّي إِذَا وَلَدْتُ أُخِذَ وَلَدِي فَذُبِحَ قَالَتْ فَلَا تَحْزَنِي فَإِنِّي سَوْفَ أَكْتُمُ عَلَيْكِ
A midwife was allocated over the mother of Musa-as to spy on her. When she stood up, the midwife stood up, and when she sat, the midwife sat. But when she was expecting, the midwife had grown fond of her, and such is the Argument of Allah-azwj over His-azwj creatures. The midwife said to her, ‘What is the matter with you, O daughter, that you have turned pale and weak?’ She said, ‘Do not blame me, for I fear that when he-as is born, my son-as would be taken and slaughtered’. She said, ‘Do not grieve, for I would conceal it’.
فَلَمْ تُصَدِّقْهَا فَلَمَّا أَنْ وَلَدَتْ الْتَفَتَتْ إِلَيْهَا وَ هِيَ مُقْبِلَةٌ فَقَالَتْ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَقَالَتْ لَهَا أَ لَمْ أَقُلْ إِنِّي سَوْفَ أَكْتُمُ عَلَيْكِ
But she did not believe her. When she was blessed with the child, she turned towards her, and she was facing her, so she said, ‘Whatever Allah-azwj Desires!’ The midwife said to her, ‘Did I not say to you that I will be concealing it?’
ثُمَّ حَمَلَتْهُ فَأَدْخَلَتْهُ الْمِخْدَعَ وَ أَصْلَحَتْ أَمْرَهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَتْ إِلَى الْحَرَسِ فَقَالَتِ انْصَرِفُوا وَ كَانُوا عَلَى الْبَابِ فَإِنَّهُ خَرَجَ دَمٌ مُنْقَطِعٌ فَانْصَرَفُوا فَأَرْضَعَتْهُ
Then the midwife carried him and entered into the chamber and corrected his-as affairs. Then she went out to the guards and said, ‘You may leave now’ – and they were standing at the door – ‘for only a lump of flesh and blood has come out’. They left. She-as breastfed him-as’.
فَلَمَّا خَافَتْ عَلَيْهِ الصَّوْتَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهَا اعْمَلِي التَّابُوتَ ثُمَّ اجْعَلِيهِ فِيهِ ثُمَّ أَخْرِجِيهِ لَيْلًا فَاطْرَحِيهِ فِي نِيلِ مِصْرَ فَوَضَعَتْهُ فِي التَّابُوتِ ثُمَّ دَفَعَتْهُ فِي الْيَمِّ فَجَعَلَ يَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهَا وَ جَعَلَتْ تَدْفَعُهُ فِي الْغَمْرِ وَ إِنَّ الرِّيحَ ضَرَبَتْهُ فَانْطَلَقَتْ بِهِ فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ بِهِ الْمَاءُ هَمَّتْ أَنْ تَصِيحَ فَرَبَطَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قَلْبِهَا
When she feared that the cries of the baby would be overheard, Allah-azwj Revealed unto her that she should make a wooden box, then place him-as in it, go out at night and let it float upon the river Nile. She kept returning to it to push it in the river and the wind struck it and went with it. When she saw that the water had gone with it, she shrieked, so Allah-azwj Strengthened upon her heart.
قَالَ وَ كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ الصَّالِحَةُ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالَتْ لِفِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهَا أَيَّامُ الرَّبِيعِ فَأَخْرِجْنِي وَ اضْرِبْ لِي قُبَّةً عَلَى شَطِّ النِّيلِ حَتَّى أَتَنَزَّهَ هَذِهِ الْأَيَّامَ
The wife of Pharaoh-la was a righteous woman – and she was from the Children of Israel – said to Pharaoh-la: ‘These are the days of spring. Set up a tent for me on the bank of the Nile so that I may relax there, until these days pass by’.
فَضَرَبَ لَهَا قُبَّةً عَلَى شَطِّ النِّيلِ إِذْ أَقْبَلَ التَّابُوتُ يُرِيدُهَا فَقَالَتْ مَا تَرَوْنَ مَا أَرَى عَلَى الْمَاءِ قَالُوا إِي وَ اللَّهِ يَا سَيِّدَتَنَا إِنَّا لَنَرَى شَيْئاً فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنْهَا قَامَتْ إِلَى الْمَاءِ فَتَنَاوَلَتْهُ بِيَدِهَا وَ كَادَ الْمَاءُ يَغْمُرُهَا حَتَّى تَصَايَحُوا عَلَيْهَا فَجَذَبَتْهُ فَأَخْرَجَتْهُ مِنَ الْمَاءِ فَأَخَذَتْهُ فَوَضَعَتْهُ فِي حِجْرِهَا فَإِذَا غُلَامٌ أَجْمَلُ النَّاسِ وَ أَسَرُّهُمْ فَوَقَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهَا مَحَبَّةٌ فَوَضَعَتْهُ فِي حِجْرِهَا وَ قَالَتْ هَذَا ابْنِي
He-la set up a tent upon the bank of the Nile. When the box floated to be near her, she wanted it. So she said, ‘But, do you not see what I see upon the water?’ They said, ‘Yes, by God – O our Mistress – we do see something’. When she approached it, she stood up in the water and grabbed it with her hand, and the water had almost filled up into the box, until she screamed out at it. She was attracted to him-as, and took him-as out from the water and placed him-as in her lap. He-as was the most beautiful boy of the people and their families. She fell in love with him-as, and placed him-as in her lap and said, ‘This is my son!’
فَقَالُوا إِي وَ اللَّهِ أَيْ سَيِّدَتَنَا مَا لَكِ وَلَدٌ وَ لَا لِلْمَلِكِ فَاتَّخِذِي هَذَا وَلَداً فَقَامَتْ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي أَصَبْتُ غُلَاماً طَيِّباً حُلْواً نَتَّخِذُهُ وَلَداً فَيَكُونُ قُرَّةَ عَيْنٍ لِي وَ لَكَ فَلَا تَقْتُلْهُ قَالَ وَ مِنْ أَيْنَ هَذَا الْغُلَامُ قَالَتْ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي إِلَّا أَنَّ الْمَاءَ جَاءَ بِهِ فَلَمْ تَزَلْ بِهِ حَتَّى رَضِيَ
They said, ‘Yes, by God – there is no son for you, nor for the king, thus you should take this one as a son’. She stood up to Pharaoh-la and said, ‘I have found a good son, cute, to take as a son, so that he would become a delight of the eyes for me and for you-la, so do not kill him’. He-la said: ‘And from where is this boy?’ She said, ‘No, by God, I do not know, except that the water came with him-as’. She did not stop until she made him agree to it’.
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ النَّاسُ أَنَّ الْمَلِكَ قَدْ تَبَنَّى ابْناً لَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ رُءُوسِ مَنْ كَانَ مَعَ فِرْعَوْنَ إِلَّا بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ امْرَأَتَهُ لِتَكُونَ لَهُ ظِئْراً أَوْ تَحْضُنَهُ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْهُنَّ ثَدْياً قَالَتِ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ اطْلُبُوا لِابْنِي ظِئْراً وَ لَا تُحَقِّرُوا أَحَداً فَجَعَلَ لَا يَقْبَلُ مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْهُنَّ
When the people heard that the king had adopted a son, there did not remain anyone from the chiefs who were with Pharaoh-la except that he sent his wife to him, so that she would become a wet-nurse for him-as and cuddle him-as. But, he-as refused to suckle milk from any of the women. The wife of Pharaoh-la said, ‘Go and seek a wet-nurse for my son, and do not belittle anyone’. But he-as did not suckle milk from any woman from them.
فَ قالَتْ أُمُّ مُوسَى لِأُخْتِهِ قُصِّيهِ انْظُرِي أَ تَرَيْنَ لَهُ أَثَراً فَانْطَلَقَتْ حَتَّى أَتَتْ بَابَ الْمَلِكِ فَقَالَتْ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكُمْ تَطْلُبُونَ ظِئْراً وَ هَاهُنَا امْرَأَةٌ صَالِحَةٌ تَأْخُذُ وَلَدَكُمْ وَ تَكْفُلُهُ لَكُمْ فَقَالَتْ أَدْخِلُوهَا
The mother of Musa-as said to her daughter, ‘Go and see if you can find any trace of him-as’. She went unto she came to the door of the king and said, ‘It has reached me that you are looking for a wet-nurse, and over here is a righteous woman whom your son will take to and it is guaranteed for you’. She (the lady attendant) said, ‘Enter her!’
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتْ قَالَتْ لَهَا امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ مِمَّنْ أَنْتِ قَالَتْ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالَتِ اذْهَبِي يَا بُنَيَّةِ فَلَيْسَ لَنَا فِيكِ حَاجَةٌ فَقَالَ لَهَا النِّسَاءُ عَافَاكِ اللَّهُ انْظُرِي هَلْ يَقْبَلُ أَوْ لَا يَقْبَلُ فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ أَ رَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ قَبِلَ هَلْ يَرْضَى فِرْعَوْنُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْغُلَامُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يَعْنِي الظِّئْرَ لَا يَرْضَى قُلْنَ فَانْظُرِي يَقْبَلُ أَوْ لَا يَقْبَلُ قَالَتِ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ فَاذْهَبِي فَادْعِيهَا
When she entered, the wife of Pharaoh -la said to her, ‘Where are you from?’ She said, ‘From the Children of Israel’. She said, ‘Go away – O daughter – for we have no need of you’. The women said to her, ‘May God give you good health, at least look and see if he-as accepts or not?’ The wife of Pharaoh-la said, ‘Do you all think that even if he-as accepts this, whether Pharaoh-la would be happy that the boy is from the Children of Israel, and the woman is from the Children of Israel? (Meaning the wet-nurse). He-la will not be happy with it’. They said, ‘See whether he-as accepts (suckling the milk) or does not accept it?’ The wife of Pharaoh-la said: ‘Go and get her over here’.
فَجَاءَتْ إِلَى أُمِّهَا فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ امْرَأَةَ الْمَلِكِ تَدْعُوكِ فَدَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهَا فَدُفِعَ إِلَيْهَا مُوسَى فَوَضَعَتْهُ فِي حِجْرِهَا ثُمَّ أَلْقَمَتْهُ ثَدْيَهَا فَإِذاً قَحَمَ اللَّبَنُ فِي حَلْقِهِ
She went to her mother and said, ‘The wife of the king is calling you’. She came up to her, and she handed Musa-as over to her. She placed him-as in her lap, and breast-fed him-as and the milk flowed into his-as throat.
فَلَمَّا رَأَتِ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ أَنَّ ابْنَهَا قَدْ قَبِلَ قَامَتْ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي قَدْ أَصَبْتُ لِابْنِي ظِئْراً وَ قَدْ قَبِلَ مِنْهَا فَقَالَ وَ مِمَّنْ هِيَ قَالَتْ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ هَذَا مِمَّا لَا يَكُونُ أَبَداً الْغُلَامُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ الظِّئْرُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
And when the wife of Pharaoh-la saw that her son had accepted it, she stood up to Pharaoh-la and said: ‘I have come across a wet-nurse for my sons, and he has accepted from her’. So he-la said, ‘And where is she from?’ She said, ‘From the Children of Israel’. Pharaoh-la said, ‘This is from what cannot happen, ever! The boy is from the Children of Israel, and the wet-nurse is from Children of Israel (as well)?’
فَلَمْ تَزَلْ تُكَلِّمُهُ فِيهِ وَ تَقُولُ مَا تَخَافُ مِنْ هَذَا الْغُلَامِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ ابْنُكَ يَنْشَأُ فِي حِجْرِكَ حَتَّى قَلَبَتْهُ عَنْ رَأْيِهِ وَ رَضِيَ
But she did not cease speaking about it, and she said, ‘What are you-la afraid of from this boy. But rather, he is your-la son, and will grow up in your-la lap?’ Until he-la accepted her opinion, and agreed with it’.
فَنَشَأَ مُوسَى فِي آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ كَتَمَتْ أُمُّهُ خَبَرَهُ وَ أُخْتُهُ وَ الْقَابِلَةُ حَتَّى هَلَكَتْ أُمُّهُ وَ الْقَابِلَةُ الَّتِي قَبِلَتْهُ فَنَشَأَ لَا يَعْلَمُ بِهِ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ
Musa-as grew up among the family of Pharaoh-la, and his-as mother concealed his-as news, as well as the midwife, until his-as mother died, as well as the midwife who had been allocated to her. So he-as grew up not knowing that he-as was from the Children of Israeel’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ تَطْلُبُهُ وَ تَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ فَيَعْمَى عَلَيْهِمْ خَبَرُهُ
He-asws said: ‘And the Children of Israeel were seeking him-as and asking about him-as, and his-as news was blinded upon them’.
قَالَ فَبَلَغَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَنَّهُمْ يَطْلُبُونَهُ وَ يَسْأَلُونَ عَنْهُ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَزَادَ فِي الْعَذَابِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ نَهَاهُمْ عَنِ الْإِخْبَارِ بِهِ وَ السُّؤَالِ عَنْهُ
He-asws said: ‘It reached Pharaoh-la that they are seeking him-as and asking about him-as, so he-la sent (soldiers) to them, and increased the punishment upon them, and separated them, and forbade them from asking about his-as news and asking about him-as’.
قَالَ فَخَرَجَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ مُقْمِرَةٍ إِلَى شَيْخٍ لَهُمْ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمٌ فَقَالُوا قَدْ كُنَّا نَسْتَرِيحُ إِلَى الْأَحَادِيثِ فَحَتَّى مَتَى وَ إِلَى مَتَى نَحْنُ فِي هَذَا الْبَلَاءِ قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكُمْ لَا تَزَالُونَ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ بِغُلَامٍ مِنْ وُلْدِ لَاوَى بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ اسْمُهُ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ غُلَامٌ طُوَالٌ جَعْدٌ فَبَيْنَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ أَقْبَلَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَسِيرُ عَلَى بَغْلَةٍ حَتَّى وَقَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ
He-asws said: ‘One moonlit night, the Children of Israel went to an old man possessing knowledge, so they said, ‘We used to be at rest when discussing this. For how long will we be in this affliction?’ He said, ‘By Allah-azwj! You will not be removed from it until Allah-azwj Revives His-azwj Mention from a son-as of Al-Awy Bin Yaqoub-as, whose name is Musa-as Bin Imran-as, a tall man with curly hair’. While they were discussing that, Musa-as came up riding upon a mule until he-as paused near to them.
فَرَفَعَ الشَّيْخُ رَأْسَهُ فَعَرَفَهُ بِالصِّفَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا اسْمُكَ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ فَقَالَ مُوسَى قَالَ ابْنُ مَنْ قَالَ ابْنُ عِمْرَانَ فَوَثَبَ إِلَيْهِ الشَّيْخُ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ فَقَبَّلَهَا وَ ثَارُوا إِلَى رِجْلَيْهِ يُقَبِّلُونَهَا فَعَرَفَهُمْ وَ عَرَفُوهُ وَ اتَّخَذَ شِيعَةً
The old man raised his head and recognised him-as by the description. He said to him-asws, ‘May Allah-azwj have mercy upon you-as, what is your-as name?’ He-as said: ‘Musa-as’. He said, ‘Son of whom?’ He-as said: ‘Son of Imran’. The old man leapt up to him-as and grabbed his-as hand and kissed it, and fell down upon his-as feet and kissed them. Thus, he-as recognised them, and they recognised him-as, and he-as took them as his-as Shia’.
وَ مَكَثَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَدَخَلَ مَدِينَةً لِفِرْعَوْنَ فِيهَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ يُقَاتِلُ رَجُلًا مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ مِنَ الْقِبْطِ فَاسْتَغاثَهُ الَّذِي مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ عَلَى الَّذِي مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ الْقِبْطِيِ فَوَكَزَهُ مُوسى فَقَضى عَلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ مُوسَى قَدْ أُعْطِيَ بَسْطَةً فِي الْجِسْمِ وَ شِدَّةً فِي الْبَطْشِ فَذَكَرَهُ النَّاسُ وَ شَاعَ أَمْرُهُ وَ قَالُوا إِنَّ مُوسَى قَتَلَ رَجُلًا مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ
After that, he-as remained that for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired. Then he-as went out and entered a city of Pharaoh-la, in which was a man from his-as Shia fighting against a man from the people of the Pharaoh-la, a Coptic. He-as came to the aid of the one who was from his-as Shias against the one who was his enemy, from the Coptics. Musa-as struck him and he died – and Musa-as had a strong built body, and harshness regarding the tyranny. The people talked about it, and popularised his-as matter, and they said, ‘Musa-as killed a man from the people of the Pharaoh-la!’
فَأَصْبَحَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ خائِفاً يَتَرَقَّبُ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحُوا مِنَ الْغَدِ إِذَا الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي اسْتَنْصَرَهُ بِالْأَمْسِ يَسْتَصْرِخُهُ عَلَى آخَرَ قالَ لَهُ مُوسى إِنَّكَ لَغَوِيٌّ مُبِينٌ بِالْأَمْسِ رَجُلٌ وَ الْيَوْمَ رَجُلٌ
he-as stayed with fear in the city till the morning, and when it was the morning, there came the one whom he-as had helped the day before, seeking him-as against another one. Musa-as said to him: ‘You are obviously a troublesome one. Yesterday it was one man, and today another?’
فَلَمَّا أَنْ أَرادَ أَنْ يَبْطِشَ بِالَّذِي هُوَ عَدُوٌّ لَهُما قالَ يا مُوسى أَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَقْتُلَنِي كَما قَتَلْتَ نَفْساً بِالْأَمْسِ إِنْ تُرِيدُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ جَبَّاراً فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ ما تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُصْلِحِينَ
So when he intended to strike the one who was an enemy to them, he said, ‘O Musa! Are you intending to kill me just as you killed a soul yesterday? Surely, you are only wanting to become a tyrant in the land, and you are not wanting to become from the reconcilers’ [28:19].
وَ جاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَقْصَى الْمَدِينَةِ يَسْعى قالَ يا مُوسى إِنَّ الْمَلَأَ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقْتُلُوكَ فَاخْرُجْ إِنِّي لَكَ مِنَ النَّاصِحِينَ
And a man came running from the outskirts of the city. He said, ‘O Musa! The chiefs have issued an order for you to be killed, therefore get out (from the city). I am from the (sincere) advisers to you [28:20].
فَخَرَجَ مِنْها خائِفاً يَتَرَقَّبُ فَخَرَجَ مِنْ مِصْرَ بِغَيْرِ ظَهْرٍ وَ لَا دَابَّةٍ وَ لَا خَادِمٍ تَخْفِضُهُ أَرْضٌ وَ تَرْفَعُهُ أُخْرَى حَتَّى أَتَى إِلَى أَرْضِ مَدْيَنَ فَانْتَهَى إِلَى أَصْلِ شَجَرَةٍ فَنَزَلَ فَإِذَا تَحْتَهَا بِئْرٌ وَ إِذَا عِنْدَهَا أُمَّةٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ يَسْقُونَ
So he exited from it, fearing, wary. [28:21]. He-as went out from Egypt without any provisions or an animal, or an attendant, from one land to another, until he-as ended up to the land of Madayn. He-as settled at the base of a tree, and near to it was a well, and a group of people were quenching themselves from it.
فَإِذَا جَارِيَتَانِ ضَعِيفَتَانِ وَ إِذَا مَعَهُمَا غُنَيْمَةٌ لَهُمَا فَ قالَ ما خَطْبُكُما قالَتا … أَبُونا شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ وَ نَحْنُ جَارِيَتَانِ ضَعِيفَتَانِ لَا نَقْدِرُ أَنْ نُزَاحِمَ الرِّجَالَ فَإِذَا سَقَى النَّاسُ سَقَيْنَا
And there were two weak maids who had sheep with them. He-as said: ‘What is your address?’ They said, ‘Our father is a very old man, and we are two weak maids. We do not have the ability to compete with the men. When the people have quenched themselves, we shall do so as well’.
فَرَحِمَهُمَا مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَأَخَذَ دَلْوَهُمَا وَ قَالَ لَهُمَا قَدِّمَا غَنَمَكُمَا فَسَقى لَهُما ثُمَّ رَجَعَتَا بُكْرَةً قَبْلَ النَّاسِ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ مُوسَى إِلَى الشَّجَرَةِ فَجَلَسَ تَحْتَهَا وَ قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لِما أَنْزَلْتَ إِلَيَّ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَقِيرٌ
Musa-as felt merciful towards them, so he-as took their bucket and said to them: ‘Bring your sheep forward’. So he-as quenched the (herd) before the people. Then they returned. Then Musa-as came to the tree and seated himself-as under tree and said: ‘Lord! I stand in need of whatever good You may Send down upon me’ [28:24]’.
فَرُوِيَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ ذَلِكَ وَ هُوَ مُحْتَاجٌ إِلَى شِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ
It has been reported that he-as said that, because he-as was in need of splitting a date (to find work and had nothing to eat).
فَلَمَّا رَجَعَتَا إِلَى أَبِيهِمَا قَالَ مَا أَعْجَلَكُمَا فِي هَذِهِ السَّاعَةِ قَالَتَا وَجَدْنَا رَجُلًا صَالِحاً رَحِيماً فَسَقَى لَنَا فَقَالَ لِإِحْدَاهُمَا اذْهَبِي فَادْعِيهِ لِي فَجَاءَتْهُ تَمْشِي عَلَى اسْتِحْياءٍ قالَتْ إِنَّ أَبِي يَدْعُوكَ لِيَجْزِيَكَ أَجْرَ ما سَقَيْتَ لَنا
When the two of them returned to their father, he said, ‘What haste the two of you have made in this time?’ They said, ‘We found a righteous man, merciful, who took out water (from well) for us’. He said to one of them, ‘Go and call him-as to me’. She went out walking to him-as bashfully and said, ‘My father is calling you to recompense you a recompense for you-as having water (from the well) for us’.
فَرُوِيَ أَنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ لَهَا وَجِّهِينِي إِلَى الطَّرِيقِ وَ امْشِي خَلْفِي فَإِنَّا بَنُو يَعْقُوبَ لَا نَنْظُرُ فِي أَعْجَازِ النِّسَاءِ
And it has been reported that Musa-as said to her: ‘Direct me-as to the road, and walk behind me-as, for the sons of Yaqoub-as do not look at the rears of the women’.
فَلَمَّا جاءَهُ وَ قَصَّ عَلَيْهِ الْقَصَصَ قالَ لا تَخَفْ نَجَوْتَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ قالَتْ إِحْداهُما يا أَبَتِ اسْتَأْجِرْهُ إِنَّ خَيْرَ مَنِ اسْتَأْجَرْتَ الْقَوِيُّ الْأَمِينُ قالَ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُنْكِحَكَ إِحْدَى ابْنَتَيَّ هاتَيْنِ عَلى أَنْ تَأْجُرَنِي ثَمانِيَ حِجَجٍ فَإِنْ أَتْمَمْتَ عَشْراً فَمِنْ عِنْدِكَ
When he-as came, and related the story to him, he said, ‘Do not fear from the unjust people’. One of them said, ‘O father, employ him-as, for it is good to employ one who is strong and trustworthy’. He said, ‘I would like to marry one of these two daughters of mine to you, upon the condition that you-as work for me for eight years. If you-as were to complete ten, if would be (a favour) from you-as’.
فَرُوِيَ أَنَّهُ قَضَى أَتَمَّهُمَا لِأَنَّ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ لَا يَأْخُذُونَ إِلَّا بِالْأَفْضَلِ وَ التَّمَامِ
It has been reported that he-as fulfilled all of it, because the Prophets-as do not take except with the grace and the completion.
فَلَمَّا قَضى مُوسَى الْأَجَلَ وَ سارَ بِأَهْلِهِ نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ أَخْطَأَ الطَّرِيقَ لَيْلًا فَرَأَى ناراً فَقالَ لِأَهْلِهِ امْكُثُوا إِنِّي آنَسْتُ ناراً لَعَلِّي آتِيكُمْ مِنْها بِقَبَسٍ أَوْ خَبَرٍ مِنَ الطَّرِيقِ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى النَّارِ فَإِذَا شَجَرَةٌ تَضْطَرِمُ مِنْ أَسْفَلِهَا إِلَى أَعْلَاهَا فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنْهَا تَأَخَّرَتْ عَنْهُ فَرَجَعَ وَ أَوْجَسَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً
He-asws said: ‘Musa-as completed the term, and went with his-as wife to near Bayt Al-Maqdas. He-as lost the way on the road at night, so he-as saw a fire. He-as said to his-as wife: ‘Remain here. I-as see a fire and I-as will go and get for you a firebrand from it, or get some news of the way (directions)’. When he-as ended up to the fire, there was a tree which was lit up from its bottom to its top. When he-as approached it, he-as hesitated from it. He-as returned and felt fear within himself-as.
ثُمَّ دَنَتْ مِنْهُ الشَّجَرَةُ فَ نُودِيَ مِنْ شاطِئِ الْوادِ الْأَيْمَنِ فِي الْبُقْعَةِ الْمُبارَكَةِ مِنَ الشَّجَرَةِ أَنْ يا مُوسى إِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعالَمِينَ وَ أَنْ أَلْقِ عَصاكَ فَلَمَّا رَآها تَهْتَزُّ كَأَنَّها جَانٌّ وَلَّى مُدْبِراً وَ لَمْ يُعَقِّبْ فَإِذَا حَيَّةٌ مِثْلُ الْجَذَعِ لِأَنْيَابِهَا صَرِيرٌ يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا مِثْلُ لَهَبِ النَّارِ فَوَلَّى مُدْبِراً فَقَالَ لَهُ رَبُّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ارْجِعْ
Then he-as approached the tree once again. A Call came from the valley from the right of the tree, in the Blessed spot of the tree: “O Musa! I am Allah, Lord of the Words! [28:30] And Cast your staff!’ So when he saw it wriggle as if it was a snake, he turned back retreating and did not return. ‘O Musa! Come back and do not fear [28:31]. It was a snake like the trunk (of a tree), its fangs gnashing, and there were coming out from it like flames of the fire. When he-as retreated, his-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to him-as: “Return!”
فَرَجَعَ وَ هُوَ يَرْتَعِدُ وَ رُكْبَتَاهُ تَصْطَكَّانِ فَقَالَ إِلَهِي هَذَا الْكَلَامُ الَّذِي أَسْمَعُ كَلَامُكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَلَا تَخَفْ فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْأَمَانُ فَوَضَعَ رِجْلَهُ عَلَى ذَنَبِهَا ثُمَّ تَنَاوَلَ لِحْيَتَهَا فَإِذَا يَدُهُ فِي شُعْبَةِ الْعَصَا قَدْ عَادَتْ عَصًا وَ قِيلَ لَهُ اخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ إِنَّكَ بِالْوادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ طُوىً
He-as returned, and he-as was trembling, and his-as knees were knocking against each other. He-as said: ‘My-as God, this speech that I-as hear, is that Your-azwj Speech?’ He-azwj Said: “Yes. Do not fear’. Thus, he-as felt secure, and placed his-as feet upon its tail and grabbed its neck, and it was (became) his-as hand upon his-as staff, for it had reverted back to be a staff. And He-azwj Said to him-as: therefore remove your slippers! You are in the Holy valley of Tuwa! [20:12]’.
فَرُوِيَ أَنَّهُ أُمِرَ بِخَلْعِهِمَا بِأَنَّهُمَا كَانَتَا مِنْ جِلْدِ حِمَارٍ مَيِّتٍ وَ رُوِيَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ أَيْ خَوْفَيْكَ خَوْفَكَ مِنْ ضِيَاعِ أَهْلِكَ وَ خَوْفَكَ مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَئِهِ بِآيَتَيْنِ يَدِهِ وَ الْعَصَا
It is reported that he-as was Commanded with taking them off because they were from the skin of a dead donkey. And it is reported regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: therefore remove your slippers! [20:12] – i.e. your-as fear. Your-as fear from the illumination destroying you-as, and your-as fear from Pharaoh-la. Then, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent him-as to Pharaoh-la with two signs – his-as hand and the staff.
فَرُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ كُنْ لِمَا لَا تَرْجُو أَرْجَى مِنْكَ لِمَا تَرْجُو فَإِنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ خَرَجَ لِيَقْتَبِسَ لِأَهْلِهِ نَاراً فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ هُوَ رَسُولٌ نَبِيٌّ
It has been reported from Al-Sadiq-asws having said one of his-asws companions: ‘Why don’t you hope for a (high) hope from you when you hope, for Musa-as Bin Imran-as went out to attain fire for his-as family, so he-as returned to them and he-as was a Rasool-as, a Prophet-as.
فَأَصْلَحَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَمْرَ عَبْدِهِ وَ نَبِيِّهِ مُوسَى فِي لَيْلَةٍ وَ كَذَا يَفْعَلُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِالْقَائِمِ الثَّانِيَ عَشَرَ مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ يُصْلِحُ اللَّهُ أَمْرَهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ كَمَا أَصْلَحَ اللَّهُ أَمْرَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ يُخْرِجُهُ مِنَ الْحَيْرَةِ وَ الْغَيْبَةِ إِلَى نُورِ الْفَرَجِ وَ الظُّهُورِ
Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Corrected the affair of His-azwj servant and His-azwj Prophet-as Musa-as in one night, this is how Allah-azwj the Exalted would Deal with Al-Qaim-asws, the twelfth of the Imams-asws. Allah-azwj would Correct his-asws affairs in one night, just as He-azwj had Corrected the affair of Musa-as, and would Bring him-asws out from the bewilderment and the occultation, to light of the Relief and the appearance’’.[29]
10- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا ع عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى إِنَّ أَبِي يَدْعُوكَ لِيَجْزِيَكَ أَجْرَ ما سَقَيْتَ لَنا أَ هِيَ الَّتِي تَزَوَّجَ بِهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَمَّا قَالَتْ اسْتَأْجِرْهُ إِنَّ خَيْرَ مَنِ اسْتَأْجَرْتَ الْقَوِيُّ الْأَمِينُ قَالَ أَبُوهَا كَيْفَ عَلِمْتَ ذَلِكَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-asws’ – By his chain from Al Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al Bazanty who said,
‘I asked Al-Reza-asws about the Words of the Exalted: My father invites you in order to recompense you for having watered for us. [28:25], ‘Is she the one he-as married with?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, and when she said, Employ him. Surely he is the best of the one you can employ, being strong, trustworthy’ [28:26]. Her father said: ‘How do you know that?’
قَالَتْ لَمَّا أَتَيْتُهُ بِرِسَالَتِكَ فَأَقْبَلَ مَعِي قَالَ كُونِي خَلْفِي وَ دُلِّينِي عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَكُنْتُ خَلْفَهُ أَرْشُدُهُ كَرَاهَةَ أَنْ يَرَى مِنِّي شَيْئاً وَ لَمَّا أَرَادَ مُوسَى الِانْصِرَافَ قَالَ شُعَيْبٌ ادْخُلِ الْبَيْتَ وَ خُذْ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْعِصِيِّ عَصًا تَكُونُ مَعَكَ تَدْرَأُ بِهَا السِّبَاعَ
She said, ‘When I was coming with your-as message, ‘Come with me’. He-as said: ‘Become behind me-as and direct me-as upon the rod’. So I became behind me-as and I was guiding him unwillingly that he-as might something from me. And when Musa-as wanted to leave, Shuayb-as said: ‘Enter the house and take from those staff, a staff to happen to be with you-as to drive away the wild animals with it’.
وَ قَدْ كَانَ شُعَيْبٌ أَخْبَرَ بِأَمْرِ الْعَصَا الَّتِي أَخَذَهَا مُوسَى فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ مُوسَى الْبَيْتَ وَثَبَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْعَصَا فَصَارَتْ فِي يَدِهِ فَخَرَجَ بِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ شُعَيْبٌ خُذْ غَيْرَهَا فَعَادَ مُوسَى إِلَى الْبَيْتِ وَ وَثَبَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْعَصَا فَصَارَ فِي يَدِهِ فَخَرَجَ بِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ شُعَيْبٌ أَ لَمْ أَقُلْ لَكَ خُذْ غَيْرَهَا قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى قَدْ رَدَدْتُهَا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ كُلَّ ذَلِكَ تَصِيرُ فِي يَدِي فَقَالَ لَهُ شُعَيْبٌ خُذْهَا وَ كَانَ شُعَيْبٌ يَزُورُ مُوسَى كُلَّ سَنَةٍ فَإِذَا أَكَلَ قَامَ مُوسَى عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَ كَسَرَ لَهُ الْخُبْزَ
And Shuayb-as was well-informed about the matter of the staff which Musa-as had taken it. When Musa-as entered the house and the staff leapt to him-as and came to be in his-as hand, he-as went out with it. Shuayb-as said to him-as: ‘Did I-as not tell you-as to take other than it?’ Musa-as said to him-as: ‘I-as had returned it three times, (during) all that it came to be in my-as hands’. Shuayb-as said to him-as: ‘Take it!’ And Shuayb-as used to visit Musa-as every year, and when he-as ate, Musa-as would wash his-as head and break the bread for him-as’ – the Hadeeth’.[30]
11- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مَنِيعِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ مُجَاشِعٍ عَنْ مُعَلًّى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَيْضِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: كَانَتْ عَصَا مُوسَى ع لآِدَمَ فَصَارَتْ إِلَى شُعَيْبٍ ثُمَّ صَارَتْ إِلَى مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ وَ إِنَّهَا لَعِنْدَنَا وَ إِنَّ عَهْدِي بِهَا آنِفاً وَ هِيَ خَضْرَاءُ كَهَيْئَتِهَا حِينَ انْتُزِعَتْ مِنْ شَجَرَتِهَا وَ إِنَّهَا لَتَنْطِقُ إِذَا اسْتُنْطِقَتْ أُعِدَّتْ لِقَائِمِنَا ع يَصْنَعُ بِهَا مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ مُوسَى ع وَ إِنَّهَا لَتَرُوعُ وَ تَلْقَفُ ما يَأْفِكُونَ وَ تَصْنَعُ مَا تُؤْمَرُ بِهِ
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Salma Bin Al Khattab, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad, from Manie Bin Al Hajjaj, from Majashie, from Moala, from Muhammad Bin Al Qayz,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The staff of Musa-as used to be for Adam-as, and came to be to Shuayb-as, then it came to be to Musa-as Bin Imran-as, and it would talk whenever instructed to speak. It returned to our-asws Qaim-asws to do with it whatever Musa-as had done with it, and will devour and intimidate whatever they will be fabricating and do whatever he-asws will instruct it with.
إِنَّهَا حَيْثُ أَقْبَلَتْ تَلْقَفُ مَا يَأْفِكُونَ تُفَتَّحُ لَهَا شُعْبَتَانِ إِحْدَاهُمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ الْأُخْرَى فِي السَّقْفِ وَ بَيْنَهُمَا أَرْبَعُونَ ذِرَاعاً تَلْقَفُ ما يَأْفِكُونَ بِلِسَانِهَا
It, when faced, would devour whatever they would be falsifying, by two branches opening out for it, one of them in the ground, and the other in the ceiling, and between the two would be (a distance of) forty cubits, devouring whatever they would be falsifying, with its tongue’’.[31]
12- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَلْقَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مِنْ مُوسَى عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ امْرَأَتِهِ الْمَحَبَّةَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-asws’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’d, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Cast from Musa-as, love upon Pharaoh-la and his-la wife’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ طَوِيلَ اللِّحْيَةِ فَقَبَضَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهَا فَجَهَدُوا أَنْ يُخَلِّصُوهَا مِنْ يَدِ مُوسَى فَلَمْ يَقْدِرُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ حَتَّى خَلَاهَا فَأَرَادَ فِرْعَوْنُ قَتْلَهُ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ إِنَّ هُنَا أَمْراً تَسْتَبِينُ بِهِ هَذَا الْغُلَامُ ادْعُ بِجَمْرَةٍ وَ دِينَارٍ فَضَعْهُمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘And Pharaoh-la had a long beard and Musa-as grabbed it, and he-la struggled to free it from the hand of Musa-as but was not able upon that until he-as uprooted it. Pharaoh-la intended to kill him-asws. His-la wife said to him-la, ‘Over here is a matter this boy would be clear by it. Call for the embers and a Dinar and place these two in front of him-as’.
فَفَعَلَ فَأَهْوَى مُوسَى إِلَى الْجَمْرَةِ وَ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهَا فَأَحْرَقَتْهَا فَلَمَّا وَجَدَ حَرَّ النَّارِ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ فَأَصَابَتْهُ لَغْثَةٌ وَ قَدْ قَالَ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى أَيَّمَا الْأَجَلَيْنِ قَضَيْتُ قَضَى أَوْفَاهُمَا وَ أَفْضَلَهُمَا
He-la did so, and Musa-as inclined to the ember and placed his-as hand upon it, and it burned him-as. When he-as found the heat of the fire and place his-as hand upon his-as tongue, so the speech impediment hit him; and it had been Said in the Words of the Exalted: Whichever of the two terms I fulfil [28:28], so he-as fulfilled the more fulfilling and superior of the two’’.[32]
13- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع عَنْ مُوسَى ع لَمَّا وُضِعَ فِي الْبَحْرِ كَمْ غَابَ عَنْ أُمِّهِ حَتَّى رَدَّهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهَا قَالَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al-Sadiq-asws was asked about Musa-as, ‘When he-as was placed in the sea (river), how long was he-as absent from his-as mother until Allah-azwj the Exalted Returned him-as to her?’ He-asws said: ‘Three days’’.[33]
14- فض، كتاب الروضة ضه، روضة الواعظين رَوَى مُجَاهِدٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَمْرٍو وَ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص فِي خَبَرٍ طَوِيلٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ ع كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ فِي طَلَبِهِ يَبْقُرُ بُطُونَ النِّسَاءِ الْحَوَامِلِ وَ يَذْبَحُ الْأَطْفَالَ لِيَقْتُلَ مُوسَى ع فَلَمَّا وَلَدَتْهُ أُمُّهُ أَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَأْخُذَهُ مِنْ تَحْتِهَا وَ تَقْذِفَهُ فِي التَّابُوتِ وَ تُلْقِيَ التَّابُوتَ فِي الْيَمِّ
‘Kitab Al Rowza’, ‘Rowzat Al Waizeen’ – Mujahid reported from Ibn Amro, and Abu Saeed Al Khudry,
‘From the Prophet-saww in a lengthy Hadeeth having said: ‘Musa-as Bin Imran-as, Pharaoh-la was seeking him-as, slitting the bellies of pregnant women and slaughtering the children in order to kill Musa-as. When his-as mother gave birth to him-as, He-azwj Commanded her to take him-as from under her and place him-as in the box and cast the box in the Nile.
فَقَالَتْ وَ هِيَ ذَعِرَةٌ مِنْ كَلَامِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكِ الْغَرَقَ فَقَالَ لَهَا لَا تَحْزَنِي إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرُدُّنِي إِلَيْكِ فَبَقِيَتْ حَيْرَانَةً حَتَّى كَلَّمَهَا مُوسَى وَ قَالَ لَهَا يَا أُمِّ اقْذِفِينِي فِي التَّابُوتِ وَ أَلْقِي التَّابُوتَ فِي الْيَمِّ
She said while being scared from speaking to him-as, ‘O my son-as! I fear the drowning upon you-as’. He-as said to her: ‘Do not grieve, Allah-azwj will Return me-as to you-as’. She remained confused until Musa-as spoke to her: ‘O mother-as! Place me-as in the box and cast the box in the Nile’.
قَالَ فَفَعَلَتْ مَا أُمِرَتْ بِهِ فَبَقِيَ فِي الْيَمِّ إِلَى أَنْ قَذَفَهُ اللَّهُ فِي السَّاحِلِ وَ رَدَّهُ إِلَى أُمِّهِ بِرُمَّتِهِ لَا يَطْعَمُ طَعَاماً وَ لَا يَشْرَبُ شَرَاباً مَعْصُوماً مُدَّةً
He-asws said: ‘She did what she had been instructed with. He-as remained in the Nile until Allah-azwj Cast him-as to the coast and Returned him-as to his-as mother whole (alive), neither having been fed food nor drunk a drink, for the whole duration’.
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ الْمُدَّةَ كَانَتْ سَبْعِينَ يَوْماً وَ رُوِيَ سَبْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ
And it is reported that the term was of seventy days, and it is reported, seven months’. [34]
15- ك، إكمال الدين مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عِيسَى الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ طَاهِرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَهْلٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْبَدِيلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَدِيرٍ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ لَمَّا وَقَفَ عَلَى أَنَّ زَوَالَ مُلْكِهِ عَلَى يَدِ مُوسَى أَمَرَ بِإِحْضَارِ الْكَهَنَةِ فَدَلُّوهُ عَلَى نَسَبِهِ وَ أَنَّهُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَأْمُرُ أَصْحَابَهُ بِشَقِّ بُطُونِ الْحَوَامِلِ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ حَتَّى قَتَلَ فِي طَلَبِهِ نَيِّفاً وَ عِشْرِينَ أَلْفَ مَوْلُودٍ وَ تَعَذَّرَ عَلَيْهِ الْوُصُولُ إِلَى قَتْلِ مُوسَى لِحِفْظِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِيَّاهُ
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Hatim, from Ahmad Bin Isa Al Washa, from Ahmad Bin Tahir, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Bin Sahl, from Ali Bin Al Haris, from Sa’ad Bin Mansour, from Ahmad Bin Ali Al Badeyli, from his father, from Sadeyr Al Sayrafi,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘When Pharaoh-la paused upon that the decline of his-la kingdom would be upon the hands of Musa-as, ordered with presenting the astrologers to point him-la upon his-as lineage, and he-as would be from the Children of Israel. He-la did not cease to order his-la companions with splitting the bellies of the pregnant women from the Children of Israel until he-la had killed during his-la seeking, more than twenty thousand new-borns, and it was impossible upon him-la to arrive to kill Musa-as due to the Protection of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted to him-as’’.[35]
16- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ إِذْ نَجَّيْناكُمْ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَسُومُونَكُمْ سُوءَ الْعَذابِ يُذَبِّحُونَ أَبْناءَكُمْ وَ يَسْتَحْيُونَ نِساءَكُمْ وَ فِي ذلِكُمْ بَلاءٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ عَظِيمٌ
‘Tafseer of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) – Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: And when We Rescued you from Pharaoh’s people, who were afflicting you with evil punishments. They were slaughtering your sons and were letting your women live; and during that you were in an enormous Trial from your Lord. [2:49].
قَالَ الْإِمَامُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ اذْكُرُوا يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذْ نَجَّيْناكُمْ أَنْجَيْنَا أَسْلَافَكُمْ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يُوَالُونَ إِلَيْهِ بِقَرَابَتِهِ وَ بِدِينِهِ وَ بِمَذْهَبِهِ يَسُومُونَكُمْ كَانُوا يُعَذِّبُونَكُمْ سُوءَ الْعَذابِ شِدَّةَ الْعِقَابِ كَانُوا يَحْمِلُونَهُ عَلَيْكُمْ
The Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘The Exalted Said: “And recall, O Children of Israel And when We Rescued you [2:49] – Rescued your ancestors from Pharaoh’s people – and there were those who are going closer to him-la, his-la nearness, and his-la religion, and his-la doctrine who were afflicting you – they were punishing you all with evil punishments – the intensity of the punishment which they were loading upon you all’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ مِنْ عَذَابِهِمُ الشَّدِيدِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ يُكَلِّفُهُمْ عَمَلَ الْبِنَاءِ وَ الطِّينِ وَ يَخَافُ أَنْ يَهْرُبُوا عَنِ الْعَمَلِ فَأَمَرَهُمْ بِتَقْيِيدِهِمْ وَ كَانُوا يَنْقُلُونَ ذَلِكَ الطِّينَ عَلَى السَّلَالِيمِ إِلَى السُّطُوحِ فَرُبَّمَا سَقَطَ الْوَاحِدُ مِنْهُمْ فَمَاتَ أَوْ زَمِنَ لَا يَحْفِلُونَ بِهِمْ إِلَى أَنْ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى قُلْ لَهُمْ لَا يَبْتَدِءُونَ عَمَلًا إِلَّا بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ لِيَخِفَّ عَلَيْهِمْ
He-asws said: ‘And it was from their severe punishments, that Pharaoh-la was encumbering them the construction work and the mud (bricks for the building), and he-la feared that they might be fleeing from the work, so he-la ordered with imprisoning them. They used to transfer that mud upon the baskets to the ceilings. Sometimes one of them would fall and die or be crippled, and they would not be sympathising with him, until Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Musa-as: “Say to them that they should not begin work except with the Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws, so it would be lightened upon them”. They were doing that, and it was easier upon them.
فَكَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ ذَلِكَ فَيَخِفُّ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ أَمَرَ كُلَّ مَنْ سَقَطَ فَزَمِنَ مِمَّنْ نَسِيَ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ أَنْ يَقُولَهَا عَلَى نَفْسِهِ إِنْ أَمْكَنَهُ أَيِ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ أَوْ يُقَالَ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ لَمْ يُمْكِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَقُومُ وَ لَا تَقْلِبُهُ يَدٌ فَفَعَلُوهَا فَسَلِمُوا
“And instruct everyone who falls and is cripples, from the ones who forgot the Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws, that he should be saying it upon himself, if he is able to – i.e., the Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws – or it should be said upon him if he is not able to, for he would stand, and that (fall) would not harm him”. They did that, and were safe.
يُذَبِّحُونَ أَبْناءَكُمْ وَ ذَلِكَ لَمَّا قِيلَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ يُولَدُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مَوْلُودٌ يَكُونُ عَلَى يَدِهِ هَلَاكُكَ وَ زَوَالُ مُلْكِكَ فَأَمَرَ بِذَبْحِ أَبْنَائِهِمْ
They were slaughtering your sons – and that was due to what was said to Pharaoh-la, ‘There would be born among the Children of Israel, a new-born, upon whose hand would be your-la destruction and the decline of your-la kingdom’. He-la ordered with the slaughter of your sons.
فَكَانَتِ الْوَاحِدَةُ مِنْهُنَّ تُصَانِعُ الْقَوَابِلَ عَنْ نَفْسِهَا كَيْلَا تَنِمَّ عَلَيْهَا وَ يَتِمَّ حَمْلُهَا ثُمَّ تُلْقِي وَلَدَهَا فِي صَحْرَاءَ أَوْ غَارِ جَبَلٍ أَوْ مَكَانٍ غَامِضٍ وَ يَقُولُ عَلَيْهِ عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ فَيُقَيِّضُ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَلَكاً يُرَبِّيهِ وَ يُدِرُّ مِنْ إِصْبَعٍ لَهُ لَبَناً يَمَصُّهُ وَ مِنْ إِصْبَعٍ طَعَاماً لَيِّناً يَتَغَذَّاهُ إِلَى أَنْ نَشَأَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ كَانَ مَنْ سَلِمَ مِنْهُمْ وَ نَشَأَ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّنْ قُتِلَ
And it was so that one of them (women) would bribe the midwives from herself, lest she would betray her, and complete her pregnancy. Then she would cast her son in the desert, or a mountain cave, or a hidden place, and she would be saying upon him ten times, the Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws. Allah-azwj would (then) Allocate and Angel for him to nourish him, and milk would flow from his finger for him to lick from, and soft food from a (another) finger to provide him, until the Children of Israel grew, and it was so that the ones who were safe from them were more than the ones who were killed.
وَ يَسْتَحْيُونَ نِساءَكُمْ يَبْقُونَهُنَّ وَ يَتَّخِذُونَهُنَّ إِمَاءً فَضَجُّوا إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ قَالُوا يَفْتَرِعُونَ بَنَاتِنَا وَ أَخَوَاتِنَا
And were letting your women live – They were letting them remain and were taking them as maids. So, they were vociferous to Musa-as and they said: ‘Our daughter and our sisters are languishing!’
فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ تِلْكَ الْبَنَاتِ كُلَّمَا رَآهُنَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ رَيْبٌ صَلَّيْنَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ وَ كَانَ اللَّهُ يَرُدُّ عَنْهُنَّ أُولَئِكَ الرِّجَالَ إِمَّا بِشُغُلٍ أَوْ مَرَضٍ أَوْ زَمَانَةٍ أَوْ لُطْفٍ مِنْ أَلْطَافِهِ فَلَمْ تَفْتَرِشْ مِنْهُنَّ امْرَأَةً بَلْ دَفَعَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُنَّ بِصَلَاتِهِنَّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ
Allah-azwj Commanded those daughters that every time they were suspicious and doubting from that, they should be sending Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws. And it was so that Allah-azwj Repelled those (Pharaoh’s-la) men from them by their sending Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws.
ثُمَّ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ فِي ذلِكُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ الْإِنْجَاءِ الَّذِي أَنْجَاكُمْ مِنْهُمْ رَبُّكُمْ بَلاءٌ نِعْمَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ عَظِيمٌ كَبِيرٌ
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And during that you were in – i.e., during that rescuing which your Lord-azwj Rescued you all an enormous Trial – a great Favour – from your Lord, Mighty, Great!
قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ اذْكُرُوا إِذَا كَانَ الْبَلَاءُ يُصْرَفُ عَنْ أَسْلَافِكُمْ وَ يَخِفُّ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ أَ فَمَا تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّكُمْ إِذَا شَاهَدْتُمُوهُ وَ آمَنْتُمْ بِهِ كَانَتِ النِّعْمَةُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَعْظَمَ وَ أَفْضَلَ وَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ لَدَيْكُمْ أَجْزَلَ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “O Children of Israel! Recall, when the affliction was diverted away from your ancestors and lightened by the sending of Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws. Are you not knowing that you all, when you witnessed it and believed in it, that the Favour upon you is greater and more superior – and the Grace of Allah-azwj upon you – is abundant’’.[36]
17- مل، كامل الزيارات بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ شَاطِئُ الْوَادِ الْأَيْمَنِ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ هُوَ الْفُرَاتُ وَ الْبُقْعَةُ الْمُبَارَكَةُ هِيَ كَرْبَلَاءُ وَ الشَّجَرَةُ هِيَ مُحَمَّدٌ
By his chain from Rabi’e who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘the shores on the right side of the valley [28:30] which Allah-azwj Mentioned in His-azwj Book, it is the Euphrates, and the Blessed spot, it is Karbala, and the tree, it is Muhammad-saww’’.[37]
18- عدة، عدة الداعي رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ قَالَ لَهُمَا لَا يَرُوعُكُمَا لِبَاسُهُ فَإِنَّ نَاصِيَتَهُ بِيَدِي وَ لَا يُعْجِبُكُمَا مَا مُتِّعَ بِهِ مِنْ زَهْرَةِ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَ زِينَةِ الْمُسْرِفِينَ
‘Uddat Al Daie’ – It is reported that when Allah-azwj Sent Musa-as and Haroun-as to Pharaoh-la, He-azwj Said to them: “Do not let his-la clothing intimidate you-as for his-la forelock is in My-azwj Hand, nor marvel at whatever he-la is enjoying with from the blossoms of this world, and like that are the deeds of the extravagant!
فَلَوْ شِئْتُ زَيَّنْتُكُمَا بِزِينَةٍ يَعْرِفُ فِرْعَوْنُ حِينَ يَرَاهَا أَنَّ مَقْدُرَتَهُ تَعْجِزُ عَنْهَا وَ لَكِنِّي أَرْغَبُ بِكُمَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَزْوِي الدُّنْيَا عَنْكُمَا وَ كَذَلِكَ أَفْعَلُ بِأَوْلِيَائِي إِنِّي لَأَذُودُهُمْ عَنْ نَعِيمِهَا كَمَا يَذُودُ الرَّاعِي غَنَمَهُ عَنْ مَرَاتِعِ الْهَلَكَةِ وَ إِنِّي لَأُجَنِّبُهُمْ سُلُوكَهَا كَمَا يُجَنِّبُ الرَّاعِي الشَّفِيقُ إِبِلَهُ مِنْ مَوَارِدِ الْغِرَّةِ
If you like, I-azwj can Adorn you-as both with such an adornment, when he-la sees it, Pharaoh-la would realise that his-la power is unable from it, but I-azwj have Turned both of you-as away from that and Impeded that from you-as, and like that is how I-azwj Deal with My friends. I-azwj Impede them from its bounties just as the shepherd impeded his flock from the destructive pastures, and I-azwj Keep you away from its paths just as the compassionate shepherd keeps his camels aside from the dangerous watering springs!
وَ مَا ذَاكَ لِهَوَانِهِمْ عَلَيَّ وَ لَكِنْ لِيَسْتَكْمِلُوا نَصِيبَهُمْ مِنْ كَرَامَتِي سَالِماً مُوَفَّراً إِنَّمَا يَتَزَيَّنُ لِي أَوْلِيَائِي بِالذُّلِّ وَ الْخُشُوعِ وَ الْخَوْفِ الَّذِي يَنْبُتُ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ فَيَظْهَرُ عَلَى أَجْسَادِهِمْ فَهُوَ شِعَارُهُمْ وَ دِثَارُهُمُ الَّذِي يَسْتَشْعِرُونَ وَ نَجَاتُهُمُ الَّتِي بِهَا يَفُوزُونَ وَ دَرَجَاتُهُمُ الَّتِي يَأْمُلُونَ وَ مَجْدُهُمُ الَّذِي بِهِ يَفْخَرُونَ وَ سِيمَاهُمُ الَّتِي بِهَا يُعْرَفُونَ
And that is not due to their being insignificant unto Me-azwj, but in order to perfect their shares from My-azwj Honours safely, fully! But rather, My-azwj friends are adorned with humbleness, and submissiveness, and the fearfulness, and the fear which builds in their hearts, and it appears upon their bodies. It is their emblem and their blanket which they inwardly feel, and their glory which they are priding with, and their marking with which they are recognised!
فَإِذَا لَقِيتَهُمْ يَا مُوسَى فَاخْفِضْ لَهُمْ جَنَاحَكَ وَ أَلِنْ لَهُمْ جَانِبَكَ وَ ذَلِّلْ لَهُمْ قَلْبَكَ وَ لِسَانَكَ وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَخَافَ لِي أَوْلِيَائِي فَقَدْ بَارَزَنِي بِالْمُحَارَبَةِ ثُمَّ أَنَا الثَّائِرُ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
O Musa-as! When you-as meet them, then lower your-as wings to them and be soft to them of your-as sides, and humble your-as heart and your-as tongue, and know that the one who frightens My-azwj friends has duelled Me-azwj with the battle. Then, I-azwj shall be the Retaliator for them on the Day of Qiyamah![38]
19- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ الْأَحْوَلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَ اسْتَوى قَالَ أَشُدُّهُ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ اسْتَوَى الْتَحَى
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – My father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashary, from Ahmad Bin Hilal, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Rabat, from Muhammad Bin Al Numan Al Ahowl, from
Abu Abdullah-asws (has said) regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And when he attained his maturity and became full grown, We Gave him wisdom and knowledge [8:14], he-asws said: ‘maturity is eighteen years of age, and, full grown, is growing a beard’’.[39]
20- نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بَعْدَ الْحَثِّ عَلَى التَّأَسِّي بِالرَّسُولِ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ ثَنَّيْتُ بِمُوسَى كَلِيمِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِذْ يَقُولُ رَبِّ إِنِّي لِما أَنْزَلْتَ إِلَيَّ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَقِيرٌ وَ اللَّهِ مَا سَأَلَهُ إِلَّا خُبْزاً يَأْكُلُهُ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَأْكُلُ بَقْلَةَ الْأَرْضِ وَ لَقَدْ كَانَتْ خُضْرَةُ الْبَقْلِ تُرَى مِنْ شَفِيفِ صِفَاقِ بَطْنِهِ لِهُزَالِهِ وَ تَشَذُّبِ لَحْمِهِ
‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said after urging upon the dedication with the Rasool-saww: ‘If you like I-as can give a second (example) with Musa-as, Speaker with Allah-azwj when he-as said: ‘‘Lord! I stand in need of whatever good You may Send down upon me’ [28:24]. By Allah-azwj! He-as did not ask except for bread to eat, because he-as was eating the vegetables of the earth, and the greenery of the vegetables was being seen from the slimness of his-as belly and the scantiness of his flesh’’.[40]
21- نهج، نهج البلاغة الَّذِي كَلَّمَ مُوسَى تَكْلِيماً وَ أَرَاهُ مِنْ آيَاتِهِ عَظِيماً بِلَا جَوَارِحَ وَ لَا أَدَوَاتٍ وَ لَا نُطْقٍ وَ لَا لَهَوَاتٍ
‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ –
‘The One-azwj Whom Spoke to Musa-as in a conversation, and Showed him-as His-azwj Great Signs without any body parts nor instruments, nor pronouncements nor speech organs’’.[41]
Notes –
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ الَّذِي يُحْلَفُ بِهِ لَوْ أَقَرَّ فِرْعَوْنُ أَنْ يَكُونَ قُرَّةَ عَيْنٍ كَمَا أَقَرَّتْ بِهِ لَهَدَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى كَمَا هَدَى بِهِ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى حَرَّمَهُ ذَلِكَ
(Regarding: ‘A delight of the eye for me and for you! Do not slay him, maybe he benefit us, or we take him as a son’, and they did not perceive [28:9]) – Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘By the One the oaths are sworn by! If Pharaoh-la had acknowledged him-as as being the delight of the eye just as his-la wife was delighted with him-as, Allah-azwj the Exalted would have Guided him-la just as He-azwj Guided his-la wife, but Allah-azwj the Exalted Deprived him-la of that!’’
روي عن ابن عباس أن بني إسرائيل لما كثروا بمصر استطالوا على الناس و عملوا بالمعاصي و وافق خيارهم شرارهم و لم يأمروا بالمعروف و لم ينهوا عن المنكر فسلط الله عليهم القبط فاستضعفوهم و ساموهم سوء العذاب و ذبحوا أبناءهم
It is reported from Ibn Abbas, ‘When the children of Israel became a lot at Egypt, they were arrogant to the people and they worked with the acts of disobedience, and their good ones were compatible with their evil ones, and they did not instruct with the acts of kindness and did not forbid from the evil, so Allah-azwj Caused the Coptics to prevail upon them. They weakened them and subjected them to the evil torment and slaughtered their sons’.
روي أن أم موسى لم يتغير لها لون و لم يظهر لها لبن فقالوا ما أدخل عليك القابلة قالت هي مصافية لي فدخلت علي زائرة فخرجوا من عندها فرجع إليها عقلها فقالت لأخت موسى فأين الصبي قالت لا أدري فسمعت بكاء الصبي من التنور فانطلقت إليه و قد جعل الله النار عليه بردا و سلاما فاحتملته
It is reported that the mother of Musa-as, her-as complexion did not change and milk did not appear for her-as. They said, ‘Why did the midwife enter to see you-as!’ She-as said, ‘She-as is a friend of mine who entered to see me-as’. They went out from her-as presence. Her-as composure returned to her-as. She-as said to the sister of Musa-as: ‘Where is the child?’ She-as said, ‘I don’t know!’ She-as heard the crying of the child from the over. She-as went to it and Allah=-azwj had Made the fire to be cool and safe unto him-as. She-as carried him-as.
وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: سُبَّاقُ الْأُمَمِ ثَلَاثَةٌ لَمْ يَكْفُرُوا بِاللَّهِ طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ خِرْبِيلُ مُؤْمِنُ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ حَبِيبٌ النَّجَّارُ صَاحِبُ يَاسِينَ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ هُوَ أَفْضَلُهُمْ
And it has been reported from Rasool-Allah-saww having said: ‘The foremost of the communities are three. They did not disbelieve in Allah-azwj for the blink of an eye – Khirbeel (Hizkeel) the Momin from the family of Pharaoh-la, and Habeeb the carpenter companion of Yaseen, and Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws, and he-asws is their superior’.
باب 3 معنى قوله تعالى فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ و قول موسى عليه السلام وَ احْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسانِي و أنه لم سمي الجبل طور سيناء
CHAPTER 3 – MEANING OF THE WORDS OF THE EXALTED: therefore remove your slippers! [20:12] AND THE WORDS OF MUSA-as: And Loosen the knot from my tongue [20:27], AND WHY THE MOUNT TOOR IS NAMED AS ‘SINAI’
1- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ لِأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ مِنْ جِلْدِ حِمَارٍ مَيِّتٍ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Aban Bin Usman, from Yaqoub Bin Shuayb,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to Musa-as: therefore remove your slippers! [20:12]: ‘Because these were from skin of a dead donkey’’.[42] (P.S. contradicts Hadeeth 4 below)
2- ع، علل الشرائع مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ نَصْرٍ النَّجَّارِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْكُوفِيِّ بِإِسْنَادٍ مُتَّصِلٍ إِلَى الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ قَالَ يَعْنِي ارْفَعْ خَوْفَيْكَ يَعْنِي خَوْفَهُ مِنْ ضِيَاعِ أَهْلِهِ وَ قَدْ خَلَّفَهَا بِمَخْضٍ وَ خَوْفَهُ مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Nasr Al Najary, from Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, by a chain connected to,
‘Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic to Musa-as: therefore remove your slippers! [20:12]. He-asws said: ‘Meaning, ‘Raise your-as fear’, meaning his-as fear from loss of his-as family, and he-as left them behind with pain, and his-as fear from Pharaoh-la’’.[43]
3- ع، علل الشرائع مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ الْقَزْوِينِيُّ عَنِ الْمُظَفَّرِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنِ النَّخَعِيِّ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ الْجَبَلُ الَّذِي كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مُوسَى طُورَ سَيْنَاءَ لِأَنَّهُ جَبَلٌ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ شَجَرُ الزَّيْتُونِ وَ كُلُّ جَبَلٍ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ مَا يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ مِنَ النَّبَاتِ أَوِ الْأَشْجَارِ سُمِّيَ طُورَ سَيْنَاءَ وَ طُورَ سِينِينَ وَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ مَا يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ مِنَ النَّبَاتِ أَوِ الْأَشْجَارِ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ سُمِّيَ طور [طُوراً] وَ لَا يُقَالُ لَهُ طُورُ سَيْنَاءَ وَ لَا طُورُ سِينِينَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Bashaar Al Qazwiny, from Al Muzaffar Bin Ahmad, from Al lAsady, from Al Nakhaie, from Al Nowfaly, from Ali Bin Saalim, from Saeed Bin Jubeyr, from Abdullah Bin Abbas who said,
‘But rather the mountain upon which was Musa-as is named as ‘Toor Sinai’, because it was a mountain having the olive tree upon it, and evey mountain happening to have upon it what one can benefit with, either from the begetation or the tree is named as ‘Tour Sinai’ and ‘Tour Sineen’, and what does not happen to have upon it what one can benefit with, either the vegetation of the trees, is from the mountains named as ‘Toor’, and it will not be said to him, neither ‘Toor Sinai’, nor ‘Toor Sineen’’. (P.S. – This is not a Hadeeth)[44]
4- ج، الإحتجاج سَأَلَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقَائِمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ- عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى لِنَبِيِّهِ مُوسَى فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ إِنَّكَ بِالْوادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ طُوىً فَإِنَّ فُقَهَاءَ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ مِنْ إِهَابِ الْمَيْتَةِ
‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – S’ad Bin Abdullah asked Al-Qaim-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted to His-azwj Prophet Musa-as: therefore remove your slippers! You are in the Holy valley of Tuwa! [20:12], for the jurists of the two sects are claiming that these were from the skin of the dead (donkey).
فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَنْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدِ افْتَرَى عَلَى مُوسَى وَ اسْتَجْهَلَهُ فِي نُبُوَّتِهِ إِنَّهُ مَا خَلَا الْأَمْرُ فِيهَا مِنْ خَصْلَتَيْنِ إِمَّا أَنْ كَانَتْ صَلَاةُ مُوسَى فِيهَا جَائِزَةً أَوْ غَيْرَ جَائِزَةٍ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ جَائِزَةً فِيهَا فَجَازَ لِمُوسَى أَنْ يَكُونَ يَلْبَسُهَا فِي تِلْكَ الْبُقْعَةِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مُقَدَّسَةً مُطَهَّرَةً وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ صَلَاتُهُ غَيْرَ جَائِزَةٍ فِيهَا فَقَدْ أَوْجَبَ أَنَّ مُوسَى لَمْ يَعْرِفِ الْحَلَالَ وَ الْحَرَامَ وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ مَا جَازَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ مِمَّا لَمْ تَجُزْ وَ هَذَا كُفْرٌ
He-asws said: ‘One who says this has fabricated upon Musa-as and ignored him-as regarding his-as Prophet-hood. Surely the matter is not vacant regarding it from two characteristics – either the Salat of Musa-as in these was allowed, or not allowed. If it was allowed in these, then it is allowed for Musa to be wearing it in that spot, and even though it was Holy, Pure; and if his-as Salat was not allowed in these, then it obligates (it necessarily follows) that Musa-as did not know the Permissible and the Prohibited, and he-as did not know whether the Salat is allowed in it from or is not allowed, and this is Kufr’.
قُلْتُ فَأَخْبِرْنِي يَا مَوْلَايَ عَنِ التَّأْوِيلِ فِيهِمَا
I said, ‘Inform me, my Master-asws, about the interpretation regarding these’.
قَالَ إِنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَانَ بِالْوَادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنِّي أَخْلَصْتُ لَكَ الْمَحَبَّةَ مِنِّي وَ غَسَلْتُ قَلْبِي عَمَّنْ سِوَاكَ وَ كَانَ شَدِيدَ الْحُبِّ لِأَهْلِهِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ أَيِ انْزِعْ حُبَّ أَهْلِكَ مِنْ قَلْبِكَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مَحَبَّتُكَ لِي خَالِصَةً وَ قَلْبُكَ مِنَ الْمَيْلِ إِلَى مَنْ سِوَايَ مَشْغُولًا الْخَبَرَ
He-asws said: ‘Musa-as was in the Holy Valley and he-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! I-as am being sincere to You-azwj of the love from me-as, and washed my heart from the ones besides You-azwj’ – and he-as had intense love for his-as family. Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said: remove your slippers! [20:12] – i.e., remove the love of your-as family from your-as heart if your-as love for Me-azwj is sincere, and your-as heart from the inclination towards the ones besides Me-azwj pre-occupying (you-as)’ – the Hadeeth’.[45]
5- ع، علل الشرائع فِي خَبَرِ ابْنِ سَلَامٍ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ص عَنِ الْوَادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ لِمَ سُمِّيَ الْمُقَدَّسَ قَالَ لِأَنَّهُ قُدِّسَتْ فِيهِ الْأَرْوَاحُ وَ اصْطُفِيَتْ فِيهِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَ كَلَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ مُوسى تَكْلِيماً
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – In a Hadeeth of Ibn Salam,
‘He asked the Prophet-saww about the Holy Valley, ‘Why is it named as ‘the Holy’?’ He-asws said: ‘Because the souls are Sanctified in it, and the Angels are Chose in it, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Spoke to Musa-as in a conversation’’.[46]
باب 4 بعثة موسى و هارون صلوات الله عليهما على فرعون و أحوال فرعون و أصحابه و غرقهم و ما نزل عليهم من العذاب قبل ذلك و إيمان السحرة و أحوالهم
CHAPTER 4 – SENDING OF MUSA-as AND HAROUN-as TO PHARAOH-la, AND SITUATIONS OF PHARAOH-la AND HIS-la COMPANIONS AND THEIR BEING DROWNED, AND WHAT PUNISHMENTS DESCENDED UPON THEM BEFORE THAT, AND THE EMAN OF THE MAGICIANS AND THEIR SITUATIONS
الآيات البقرة وَ إِذْ نَجَّيْناكُمْ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَسُومُونَكُمْ سُوءَ الْعَذابِ يُذَبِّحُونَ أَبْناءَكُمْ وَ يَسْتَحْيُونَ نِساءَكُمْ وَ فِي ذلِكُمْ بَلاءٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ عَظِيمٌ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Baqarah: And when We Rescued you from Pharaoh’s people, who were afflicting you with evil punishments. They were slaughtering your sons and were letting your women live; and during that you were in an enormous Trial from your Lord. [2:49]
وَ إِذْ فَرَقْنا بِكُمُ الْبَحْرَ فَأَنْجَيْناكُمْ وَ أَغْرَقْنا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَنْظُرُونَ
And when We Parted the sea for you, so We Rescued you and We Drowned the People of Pharaoh and you were looking on [2:50]
الأعراف ثُمَّ بَعَثْنا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ مُوسى بِآياتِنا إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَائِهِ فَظَلَمُوا بِها فَانْظُرْ كَيْفَ كانَ عاقِبَةُ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
(Surah) Al A’raaf: Then we Sent from after them, Musa with Our Signs to Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they wrongfully rejected these, so look how was the end result of the mischief makers [7:103]
وَ قالَ مُوسى يا فِرْعَوْنُ إِنِّي رَسُولٌ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ
And Musa said: ‘O Pharaoh! I am a Rasool from the Lord of the Worlds [7:104]
حَقِيقٌ عَلى أَنْ لا أَقُولَ عَلَى اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْحَقَّ قَدْ جِئْتُكُمْ بِبَيِّنَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ فَأَرْسِلْ مَعِيَ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ
It is befitting upon me that I should not be saying upon Allah except for the Truth. There have (already) come to you clear Proofs from your Lord, therefore send the Children of Israel with me’ [7:105]
قالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ جِئْتَ بِآيَةٍ فَأْتِ بِها إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ
He said: ‘If you have come with a Sign, then give it, if you were from the truthful ones’ [7:106]
فَأَلْقى عَصاهُ فَإِذا هِيَ ثُعْبانٌ مُبِينٌ
So he cast his staff, and it was a clear serpent [7:107]
وَ نَزَعَ يَدَهُ فَإِذا هِيَ بَيْضاءُ لِلنَّاظِرِينَ
And he brought out his hand, and it was white to the beholders [7:108]
قالَ الْمَلَأُ مِنْ قَوْمِ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّ هذا لَساحِرٌ عَلِيمٌ
The chiefs from the people of Pharaoh said, ‘Surely this a very knowledgeable sorcerer [7:109]
يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَكُمْ مِنْ أَرْضِكُمْ فَما ذا تَأْمُرُونَ
He intends to throw you all out of your land. So what are your instructions?’ [7:110]
قالُوا أَرْجِهْ وَ أَخاهُ وَ أَرْسِلْ فِي الْمَدائِنِ
They (assembled people) said, ‘Stall him and his brother, and send collectors into the cities [7:111]
حاشِرِينَ يَأْتُوكَ بِكُلِّ ساحِرٍ عَلِيمٍ
To bring to you every knowledgeable sorcerer [7:112]
وَ جاءَ السَّحَرَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ قالُوا إِنَّ لَنا لَأَجْراً إِنْ كُنَّا نَحْنُ الْغالِبِينَ
And the sorcerers came to Pharaoh. They said, ‘Surely for us should be the recompense if it so transpires that we are the prevailing ones’ [7:113]
قالَ نَعَمْ وَ إِنَّكُمْ لَمِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ
He said, ‘Yes, and you shall be from the ones of proximity [7:114]
قالُوا يا مُوسى إِمَّا أَنْ تُلْقِيَ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ نَكُونَ نَحْنُ الْمُلْقِينَ
They said, ‘O Musa! Either you cast or we would be the casting ones’. [7:115]
قالَ أَلْقُوا فَلَمَّا أَلْقَوْا سَحَرُوا أَعْيُنَ النَّاسِ وَ اسْتَرْهَبُوهُمْ وَ جاؤُ بِسِحْرٍ عَظِيمٍ
He said: ‘Cast!’ So when they cast, they bewitched the eyes of the people and frightened them, and they came with a great sorcery [7:116]
وَ أَوْحَيْنا إِلى مُوسى أَنْ أَلْقِ عَصاكَ فَإِذا هِيَ تَلْقَفُ ما يَأْفِكُونَ
And We Revealed to Musa: “Cast your staff!” So it went on to swallow what they were faking [7:117]
فَوَقَعَ الْحَقُّ وَ بَطَلَ ما كانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
So the truth was established, and what they were doing was falsified [7:118]
فَغُلِبُوا هُنالِكَ وَ انْقَلَبُوا صاغِرِينَ
Thus they were overcome over there and they returned belittled [7:119]
وَ أُلْقِيَ السَّحَرَةُ ساجِدِينَ
And the sorcerers fell down prostrating [7:120]
قالُوا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ
They said, ‘We believe in the Lord of the Worlds, [7:121]
رَبِّ مُوسى وَ هارُونَ
Lord of Musa and Haroun [7:122]
قالَ فِرْعَوْنُ آمَنْتُمْ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ آذَنَ لَكُمْ إِنَّ هذا لَمَكْرٌ مَكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْها أَهْلَها فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ
Pharaoh said, ‘You are believing in him before my having permitted you? Surely this is a plot you plotted in the city in order to turn its people out from it, but soon you shall be knowing [7:123]
لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَ أَرْجُلَكُمْ مِنْ خِلافٍ ثُمَّ لَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
I will cut off your hands and your feet on opposite sides, then will I crucify you all together’ [7:124]
قالُوا إِنَّا إِلى رَبِّنا مُنْقَلِبُونَ
They said, ‘Surely to our Lord we shall be returning [7:125]
وَ ما تَنْقِمُ مِنَّا إِلَّا أَنْ آمَنَّا بِآياتِ رَبِّنا لَمَّا جاءَتْنا رَبَّنا أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنا صَبْراً وَ تَوَفَّنا مُسْلِمِينَ
And you are not taking revenge from us except that we believe in the Signs of our Lord when they came to us. Our Lord! Pour patience upon us and Cause us to die as submitters’ [7:126]
وَ قالَ الْمَلَأُ مِنْ قَوْمِ فِرْعَوْنَ أَ تَذَرُ مُوسى وَ قَوْمَهُ لِيُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ يَذَرَكَ وَ آلِهَتَكَ قالَ سَنُقَتِّلُ أَبْناءَهُمْ وَ نَسْتَحْيِي نِساءَهُمْ وَ إِنَّا فَوْقَهُمْ قاهِرُونَ
And the chiefs from the people of Pharaoh said, ‘Will you leave Musa and his people to make mischief in the land and abandon you and your god?’ He (Pharaoh) said, ‘We shall kill their sons and let their women live, and we are subduers above them’ [7:127]
قالَ مُوسى لِقَوْمِهِ اسْتَعِينُوا بِاللَّهِ وَ اصْبِرُوا إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُها مَنْ يَشاءُ مِنْ عِبادِهِ وَ الْعاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ
Musa said to his people, ‘Seek Assistance with Allah and be patient. Surely the earth is for Allah, He Causes it to be inherited by the one He so Desires to from His servants, and the end-result is for the pious [7:128]
قالُوا أُوذِينا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَأْتِيَنا وَ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جِئْتَنا قالَ عَسى رَبُّكُمْ أَنْ يُهْلِكَ عَدُوَّكُمْ وَ يَسْتَخْلِفَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ
They said, ‘We have been harmed before you came to us and since you came to us’. He said: ‘Perhaps your Lord will Destroy your enemy and Make you rulers in the land, then He will look at how you are behaving’ [7:129]
وَ لَقَدْ أَخَذْنا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ بِالسِّنِينَ وَ نَقْصٍ مِنَ الثَّمَراتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ
And We had Seized the people of Pharaoh with the years (of droughts) and shortages of the fruits, perhaps they would be mindful [7:130]
فَإِذا جاءَتْهُمُ الْحَسَنَةُ قالُوا لَنا هذِهِ وَ إِنْ تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ يَطَّيَّرُوا بِمُوسى وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ أَلا إِنَّما طائِرُهُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَ لكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لا يَعْلَمُونَ
But whenever good came to them, they said, ‘This is for us’; and if an evil afflicted them, they attributed its omen to Musa and the ones with him. Indeed! Rather, their omen is with Allah, but most of them are not knowing [7:131]
وَ قالُوا مَهْما تَأْتِنا بِهِ مِنْ آيَةٍ لِتَسْحَرَنا بِها فَما نَحْنُ لَكَ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ
And they said, ‘Whatever you bring from a Sign to bewitch us with, we will still not believe in you’ [7:132]
فَأَرْسَلْنا عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفانَ وَ الْجَرادَ وَ الْقُمَّلَ وَ الضَّفادِعَ وَ الدَّمَ آياتٍ مُفَصَّلاتٍ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَ كانُوا قَوْماً مُجْرِمِينَ
Therefore, We Sent upon them the flood, and the locusts, and the lice, and the blood as decisive Signs. But, they were arrogant and they were a criminal people [7:133]
وَ لَمَّا وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمُ الرِّجْزُ قالُوا يا مُوسَى ادْعُ لَنا رَبَّكَ بِما عَهِدَ عِنْدَكَ لَئِنْ كَشَفْتَ عَنَّا الرِّجْزَ لَنُؤْمِنَنَّ لَكَ وَ لَنُرْسِلَنَّ مَعَكَ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ
And when the Pestilence (Plague) fell upon them, they said, ‘O Musa! Supplicate to your Lord for us with what He Promised with you. So if you remove the Pestilence from us we will believe you and send the Children of Israel with you’ [7:134]
فَلَمَّا كَشَفْنا عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْزَ إِلى أَجَلٍ هُمْ بالِغُوهُ إِذا هُمْ يَنْكُثُونَ
But whenever We Removed the Pestilence from them to a term which they had to reach, they were breaking (their word) [7:135]
فَانْتَقَمْنا مِنْهُمْ فَأَغْرَقْناهُمْ فِي الْيَمِّ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَذَّبُوا بِآياتِنا وَ كانُوا عَنْها غافِلِينَ
Therefore We Took Revenge from them, and We Drowned them in the sea because they were belying Our Signs and were heedless about it. [7:136]
وَ أَوْرَثْنَا الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ كانُوا يُسْتَضْعَفُونَ مَشارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَ مَغارِبَهَا الَّتِي بارَكْنا فِيها وَ تَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ الْحُسْنى عَلى بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ بِما صَبَرُوا وَ دَمَّرْنا ما كانَ يَصْنَعُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ قَوْمُهُ وَ ما كانُوا يَعْرِشُونَ
And We Caused the people, those who were deemed weak, to inherit the eastern lands and its western ones which We had Blessed in; and the beautiful Word of your Lord was fulfilled upon the Children of Israel due to their being patient, and We Annihilated what Pharaoh and his people were doing and what they were building [7:137]
الأنفال كَدَأْبِ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ كَفَرُوا بِآياتِ اللَّهِ فَأَخَذَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَوِيٌّ شَدِيدُ الْعِقابِ
(Surah) Al Anfaal: Like the persistence of the people of Pharaoh and those from before them. They committed Kufr with the Signs of Allah, so Allah Seized them due to their sins. Surely Allah is Strong, Severe of the Punishment [8:52]
و قال تعالى كَدَأْبِ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ كَذَّبُوا بِآياتِ رَبِّهِمْ فَأَهْلَكْناهُمْ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ وَ أَغْرَقْنا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ كُلٌّ كانُوا ظالِمِينَ
And the Exalted Said: Like the persistence of the people of Pharaoh and those from before them. They belied the Signs of their Lord, so We Destroyed them due to their sins and We Drowned the people of Pharaoh; and all of them were unjust [8:54]
يونس ثُمَّ بَعَثْنا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ مُوسى وَ هارُونَ إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَائِهِ بِآياتِنا فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَ كانُوا قَوْماً مُجْرِمِينَ
(Surah) Yunus-as: Then We Sent from after them, Musa and Haroun to Pharaoh and his chiefs with Our Signs, but they were arrogant and they were a criminal people [10:75]
فَلَمَّا جاءَهُمُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ عِنْدِنا قالُوا إِنَّ هذا لَسِحْرٌ مُبِينٌ
So when the Truth came to them from Our Presence, they said, ‘Surely this is clear sorcery’ [10:76]
قالَ مُوسى أَ تَقُولُونَ لِلْحَقِّ لَمَّا جاءَكُمْ أَ سِحْرٌ هذا وَ لا يُفْلِحُ السَّاحِرُونَ
Musa said: ‘Are you speaking about the Truth when it came to you? ‘Can this be sorcery?’ And the sorcerers will not succeed [10:77]
قالُوا أَ جِئْتَنا لِتَلْفِتَنا عَمَّا وَجَدْنا عَلَيْهِ آباءَنا وَ تَكُونَ لَكُمَا الْكِبْرِياءُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ ما نَحْنُ لَكُما بِمُؤْمِنِينَ
They are saying, ‘Have you come to us in order to turn us away from what we found our forefathers to be upon, and for both of you would be greatness in the land? And we are not going to believe in you two’ [10:78]
وَ قالَ فِرْعَوْنُ ائْتُونِي بِكُلِّ ساحِرٍ عَلِيمٍ
And Pharaoh said, ‘Come to me with every skilful sorcerer’ [10:79]
فَلَمَّا جاءَ السَّحَرَةُ قالَ لَهُمْ مُوسى أَلْقُوا ما أَنْتُمْ مُلْقُونَ
And when the sorcerers came, Musa said to them: ‘Cast whatever you want to cast!’ [10:80]
فَلَمَّا أَلْقَوْا قالَ مُوسى ما جِئْتُمْ بِهِ السِّحْرُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَيُبْطِلُهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُصْلِحُ عَمَلَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
So when they did cast, Musa said to them: ‘What you have come with is the sorcery; surely Allah would be Invalidating it; surely Allah does not Rectify the deeds of the corrupters [10:81]
وَ يُحِقُّ اللَّهُ الْحَقَّ بِكَلِماتِهِ وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُجْرِمُونَ
And Allah will Prove the Truth to be true by His Words, and even if the criminals dislike it [10:82]
فَما آمَنَ لِمُوسى إِلَّا ذُرِّيَّةٌ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ عَلى خَوْفٍ مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَائِهِمْ أَنْ يَفْتِنَهُمْ وَ إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ لَعالٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ
But none believed in Musa except an offspring from his people, upon fear from Pharaoh and their chiefs lest he persecutes them; and surely Pharaoh was lofty in the land, and he was from the extravagant ones [10:83]
وَ قالَ مُوسى يا قَوْمِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ آمَنْتُمْ بِاللَّهِ فَعَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلُوا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُسْلِمِينَ
And Musa said: ‘O people! If you believe in Allah, then you should be relying upon Him if you were submitters’ [10:84]
فَقالُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْنا رَبَّنا لا تَجْعَلْنا فِتْنَةً لِلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
So they said: ‘We rely upon Allah, ‘O Lord! Do not Make us to be a Fitna for the unjust people [10:85]
وَ نَجِّنا بِرَحْمَتِكَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الْكافِرِينَ
And Rescue us by Your Mercy from the Kafir people’ [10:86]
وَ أَوْحَيْنا إِلى مُوسى وَ أَخِيهِ أَنْ تَبَوَّءا لِقَوْمِكُما بِمِصْرَ بُيُوتاً وَ اجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ قِبْلَةً وَ أَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَ بَشِّرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
And We Revealed unto Musa and his brother, saying: “Provide houses for your people in Egypt and make your (own) houses as a Qiblah (Direction) and establish the salat, and give glad tidings to the Momineen [10:87]
وَ قالَ مُوسى رَبَّنا إِنَّكَ آتَيْتَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَأَهُ زِينَةً وَ أَمْوالًا فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا رَبَّنا لِيُضِلُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِكَ رَبَّنَا اطْمِسْ عَلى أَمْوالِهِمْ وَ اشْدُدْ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَلا يُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى يَرَوُا الْعَذابَ الْأَلِيمَ
And Musa said: ‘Our Lord! You Gave Pharaoh and his chiefs adornments and the wealth in the life of the world. Our Lord! They are straying (people) away from Your Way. Our Lord! (Bring) destruction upon their wealth and hardness upon their hearts, for they will not believe until they see the painful Punishment [10:88]
قالَ قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَعْوَتُكُما فَاسْتَقِيما وَ لا تَتَّبِعانِّ سَبِيلَ الَّذِينَ لا يَعْلَمُونَ
He said: “I have Accepted the supplication of both of you, therefore be steadfast and do not follow the way of those who don’t know” [10:89]
وَ جاوَزْنا بِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ جُنُودُهُ بَغْياً وَ عَدْواً حَتَّى إِذا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ قالَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُوا إِسْرائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
And We Made the Children of Israel to cross the sea, then Pharaoh and his army pursued them in rivalry and enmity, until when the drowning faced him, he said, ‘I believe that there is no god except the One in Whom the Children of Israel believe in, and I am from the submitters’ [10:90]
آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
Now! And you had disobeyed before and you were from the corrupters! [10:91]
فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ لِتَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَكَ آيَةً وَ إِنَّ كَثِيراً مِنَ النَّاسِ عَنْ آياتِنا لَغافِلُونَ
But today We will Rescue you with your body for it to become a Sign for the ones to come after you, and surely most of the people are heedless from Our Signs [10:92]
وَ لَقَدْ بَوَّأْنا بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ مُبَوَّأَ صِدْقٍ وَ رَزَقْناهُمْ مِنَ الطَّيِّباتِ فَمَا اخْتَلَفُوا حَتَّى جاءَهُمُ الْعِلْمُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِي بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ فِيما كانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ
And We had Lodged the Children of Israel in respectable dwellings and We Sustained them from the good things; but they did not differ until the Knowledge came to them. Surely your Lord will Judge between them on the Day of Judgement with regards to what they were differing in [10:93]
هود وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنا مُوسى بِآياتِنا وَ سُلْطانٍ مُبِينٍ
(Surah) Hud-as: And We had Sent Musa with Our Signs and a clear authorisation [11:96]
إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَائِهِ فَاتَّبَعُوا أَمْرَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ ما أَمْرُ فِرْعَوْنَ بِرَشِيدٍ
To Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they (people) followed the orders of Pharaoh, and Pharaoh’s orders were not rightful guidance [11:97]
يَقْدُمُ قَوْمَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ فَأَوْرَدَهُمُ النَّارَ وَ بِئْسَ الْوِرْدُ الْمَوْرُودُ
He shall lead his people on the Day of Judgement, and bring them around to the Fire; and evil is the place to which the ones would be led to [11:98]
وَ أُتْبِعُوا فِي هذِهِ لَعْنَةً وَ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ بِئْسَ الرِّفْدُ الْمَرْفُودُ
And they are followed by a Curse in this (world) and on the Day of Judgement; evil is the gift of the ones gifted to [11:99]
الإسراء وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسى تِسْعَ آياتٍ بَيِّناتٍ فَسْئَلْ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ إِذْ جاءَهُمْ فَقالَ لَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ إِنِّي لَأَظُنُّكَ يا مُوسى مَسْحُوراً
(Surah) Al Asra’a: And We had Given Musa nine clear Signs, therefore ask the Children of Israel. When he came to them, Pharaoh said to him, ‘I think, O Musa, you are bewitched!’ [17:101]
قالَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ ما أَنْزَلَ هؤُلاءِ إِلَّا رَبُّ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ بَصائِرَ وَ إِنِّي لَأَظُنُّكَ يا فِرْعَوْنُ مَثْبُوراً
He said: ‘You have known, none has Sent these except the Lord of the skies and the earth as an insight, and I think you, O Pharaoh, would be ruined!’ [17:102]
فَأَرادَ أَنْ يَسْتَفِزَّهُمْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ فَأَغْرَقْناهُ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ جَمِيعاً
So he (Pharaoh) wanted to scare them from the land, but We Drowned him and the ones with him altogether [17:103]
وَ قُلْنا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ لِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ اسْكُنُوا الْأَرْضَ فَإِذا جاءَ وَعْدُ الْآخِرَةِ جِئْنا بِكُمْ لَفِيفاً
And We Said to the Children of Israel from after it: “Settle in the land. So when the Promise of the Hereafter comes (true), We will Come with you all as a group” [17:104]
طه وَ هَلْ أَتاكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسى
(Surah) Ta Ha: And did the Hadeeth of Musa come to you? [20:9]
إِذْ رَأى ناراً فَقالَ لِأَهْلِهِ امْكُثُوا إِنِّي آنَسْتُ ناراً لَعَلِّي آتِيكُمْ مِنْها بِقَبَسٍ أَوْ أَجِدُ عَلَى النَّارِ هُدىً
When he saw a fire, so he said to his wife: ‘Stay! I perceive a fire. Perhaps I will come to you with a firebrand from it or I shall find Guidance at the fire’ [20:10]
فَلَمَّا أَتاها نُودِيَ يا مُوسى
So when he came to it, We Called out: “O Musa! [20:11]
إِنِّي أَنَا رَبُّكَ فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ إِنَّكَ بِالْوادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ طُوىً
Surely, I am your Lord, therefore remove your slippers! You are in the Holy valley of Tuwa! [20:12]
وَ أَنَا اخْتَرْتُكَ فَاسْتَمِعْ لِما يُوحى
And I have Chosen you, so listen intently to what is Revealed [20:13]
إِنَّنِي أَنَا اللَّهُ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاعْبُدْنِي وَ أَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِذِكْرِي
I am Allah! There is no god except Me. Therefore worship Me and establish the Salat to My Zikr [20:14]
إِنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ أَكادُ أُخْفِيها لِتُجْزى كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِما تَسْعى
Surely the Hour is coming. I Plan to Conceal it in order to Recompense every soul with what it strives for [20:15]
فَلا يَصُدَّنَّكَ عَنْها مَنْ لا يُؤْمِنُ بِها وَ اتَّبَعَ هَواهُ فَتَرْدى
So do not let him hinder you, one who does not believe in it and follows his own desires, for you will regress [20:16]
وَ ما تِلْكَ بِيَمِينِكَ يا مُوسى
And what is that which is in your right hand, O Musa?” [20:17]
قالَ هِيَ عَصايَ أَتَوَكَّؤُا عَلَيْها وَ أَهُشُّ بِها عَلى غَنَمِي وَ لِيَ فِيها مَآرِبُ أُخْرى
He said: ‘This is my staff. I lean upon it and bring the leaves down upon my sheep, and for me in it, are other uses’ [20:18]
قالَ أَلْقِها يا مُوسى
He said: “Cast it, O Musa!” [20:19]
فَأَلْقاها فَإِذا هِيَ حَيَّةٌ تَسْعى
So he cast it, and it was a slithering serpent [20:20]
قالَ خُذْها وَ لا تَخَفْ سَنُعِيدُها سِيرَتَهَا الْأُولى
He said: “Grab it and do not fear. We will Restore it to its former state [20:21]
وَ اضْمُمْ يَدَكَ إِلى جَناحِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ آيَةً أُخْرى
And press your hand to your side, it shall come out white without blemish, being another Sign” [20:22]
لِنُرِيَكَ مِنْ آياتِنَا الْكُبْرى
In order to Show you from Our Great Signs, [20:23]
اذْهَبْ إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغى
Go to Pharaoh, for he has transgressed [20:24]
قالَ رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي
He said: ‘Lord! Expand my chest for me [20:25]
وَ يَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي
And Ease my matter for me [20:26]
وَ احْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسانِي
And Loosen the knot from my tongue [20:27]
يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي
(That) they may understand my speech [20:28]
وَ اجْعَلْ لِي وَزِيراً مِنْ أَهْلِي
And Make a Vizier to be for me from my family [20:29]
هارُونَ أَخِي
Haroun, my brother [20:30]
اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِي
Strengthen my back by him [20:31]
وَ أَشْرِكْهُ فِي أَمْرِي
And associate him in my matter [20:32]
كَيْ نُسَبِّحَكَ كَثِيراً
So that we may Glorify You abundantly [20:33]
وَ نَذْكُرَكَ كَثِيراً
And remember You a lot [20:34]
إِنَّكَ كُنْتَ بِنا بَصِيراً
Surely, You were always Insightful with us [20:35]
قالَ قَدْ أُوتِيتَ سُؤْلَكَ يا مُوسى
He said: “You are Granted your request, O Musa! [20:36]
وَ لَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلَيْكَ مَرَّةً أُخْرى
And We had Bestowed Our Favour upon you another time [20:37]
إِذْ أَوْحَيْنا إِلى أُمِّكَ ما يُوحى
When We Revealed unto your mother what was Revealed [20:38]
أَنِ اقْذِفِيهِ فِي التَّابُوتِ فَاقْذِفِيهِ فِي الْيَمِّ فَلْيُلْقِهِ الْيَمُّ بِالسَّاحِلِ يَأْخُذْهُ عَدُوٌّ لِي وَ عَدُوٌّ لَهُ وَ أَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ مَحَبَّةً مِنِّي وَ لِتُصْنَعَ عَلى عَيْنِي
“Place him in the casket, then cast it in the river, so let the river drift it to the coast. An enemy of Mine and an enemy of his would take him, and I shall Cast upon you Love from Me, and for you to be reared before My Eyes” [20:39]
إِذْ تَمْشِي أُخْتُكَ فَتَقُولُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلى مَنْ يَكْفُلُهُ فَرَجَعْناكَ إِلى أُمِّكَ كَيْ تَقَرَّ عَيْنُها وَ لا تَحْزَنَ وَ قَتَلْتَ نَفْساً فَنَجَّيْناكَ مِنَ الْغَمِّ وَ فَتَنَّاكَ فُتُوناً فَلَبِثْتَ سِنِينَ فِي أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ ثُمَّ جِئْتَ عَلى قَدَرٍ يا مُوسى
When your sister walked over and she was saying, ‘Shall I point you to one who will take his responsibility?’ Thus We Returned you to your mother, for her eyes to be delighted and she would not grieve. And you killed a person, but We Saved you from the gloom and Tried you with a Trial. So you remained for years with the people of Madayn, then you came (here), as Ordained, O Musa! [20:40]
وَ اصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِي
And I have Chosen you for Myself [20:41]
اذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَ أَخُوكَ بِآياتِي وَ لا تَنِيا فِي ذِكْرِي
Therefore go, you and your brother, with My Signs, and do not slacken in My Zikr [20:42]
اذْهَبا إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغى
Go, both of you, to Pharaoh, (for) he has transgressed! [20:43]
فَقُولا لَهُ قَوْلًا لَيِّناً لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشى
But speak to him gentle words, perhaps he would mind or fear [20:44]
قالا رَبَّنا إِنَّنا نَخافُ أَنْ يَفْرُطَ عَلَيْنا أَوْ أَنْ يَطْغى
They both said: ‘Our Lord! We fear that he may be excessive upon us or he would transgress’ [20:45]
قالَ لا تَخافا إِنَّنِي مَعَكُما أَسْمَعُ وَ أَرى
He said: “Do not fear! I am with you both. I hear and I See” [20:46]
فَأْتِياهُ فَقُولا إِنَّا رَسُولا رَبِّكَ فَأَرْسِلْ مَعَنا بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ وَ لا تُعَذِّبْهُمْ قَدْ جِئْناكَ بِآيَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ وَ السَّلامُ عَلى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدى
So, go to him and say: ‘We are two Rasools of your Lord, therefore send the Children of Israel with us and do not torment them. We have come to you with Signs from our Lord, and the greetings be upon one who follows the Guidance [20:47]
إِنَّا قَدْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيْنا أَنَّ الْعَذابَ عَلى مَنْ كَذَّبَ وَ تَوَلَّى
Surely it has been Revealed to us that the Punishment would be upon one who belies and turns back’ [20:48]
قالَ فَمَنْ رَبُّكُما يا مُوسى
He (Pharaoh) said, ‘And who is the Lord of you both, O Musa?’ [20:49]
قالَ رَبُّنَا الَّذِي أَعْطى كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلْقَهُ ثُمَّ هَدى
He said: ‘Our Lord is the One Who Gave to everything its creation, then Guided it’ [20:50]
قالَ فَما بالُ الْقُرُونِ الْأُولى
He (Pharaoh) said, ‘So what is the state of the former generations?’
قالَ عِلْمُها عِنْدَ رَبِّي فِي كِتابٍ لا يَضِلُّ رَبِّي وَ لا يَنْسى
He said: ‘Its knowledge is with My Lord in a Book. Neither does my Lord Err nor does He Forget [20:52]
الَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الْأَرْضَ مَهْداً وَ سَلَكَ لَكُمْ فِيها سُبُلًا وَ أَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّماءِ ماءً فَأَخْرَجْنا بِهِ أَزْواجاً مِنْ نَباتٍ شَتَّى
He Who Made the earth an expanse for you and Made pathways for you therein, and Sent down water from the sky, so He Extracts by it pairs from species of vegetation [20:53]
كُلُوا وَ ارْعَوْا أَنْعامَكُمْ إِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ لَآياتٍ لِأُولِي النُّهى
Eat and pasture your cattle. Surely in that are Signs for the possessors of intellect [20:54]
مِنْها خَلَقْناكُمْ وَ فِيها نُعِيدُكُمْ وَ مِنْها نُخْرِجُكُمْ تارَةً أُخْرى
From it We Created you and into it We will Return you, and from it We will Extract you once again [20:55]
وَ لَقَدْ أَرَيْناهُ آياتِنا كُلَّها فَكَذَّبَ وَ أَبى
And We had Showed him (Pharaoh) Our Signs, all of them, but he belied and refused [20:56]
قالَ أَ جِئْتَنا لِتُخْرِجَنا مِنْ أَرْضِنا بِسِحْرِكَ يا مُوسى
He said, ‘Did you come to us in order to throw us out from our land by your sorcery, O Musa? [20:57]
فَلَنَأْتِيَنَّكَ بِسِحْرٍ مِثْلِهِ فَاجْعَلْ بَيْنَنا وَ بَيْنَكَ مَوْعِداً لا نُخْلِفُهُ نَحْنُ وَ لا أَنْتَ مَكاناً سُوىً
But we can (also) come with sorcery similar to it, therefore make an appointment to be between us and you. Neither will we break it nor should you, in neutral place’ [20:58]
قالَ مَوْعِدُكُمْ يَوْمُ الزِّينَةِ وَ أَنْ يُحْشَرَ النَّاسُ ضُحًى
He (Musa) said: ‘Your appointment is for the day of the Festival and let the people be gathered at forenoon’ [20:59]
فَتَوَلَّى فِرْعَوْنُ فَجَمَعَ كَيْدَهُ ثُمَّ أَتى
So Pharaoh turned around and gathered his plan, then came [20:60]
قالَ لَهُمْ مُوسى وَيْلَكُمْ لا تَفْتَرُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِباً فَيُسْحِتَكُمْ بِعَذابٍ وَ قَدْ خابَ مَنِ افْتَرى
Musa said to them: ‘Woe be unto you! Do not fabricate a lie upon Allah for He would Destroy you all with Punishment, and the one who fabricates would be disappointed’ [20:61]
فَتَنازَعُوا أَمْرَهُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ أَسَرُّوا النَّجْوى
So they disputed about their matter between them and kept the consultations a secret [20:62]
قالُوا إِنْ هذانِ لَساحِرانِ يُرِيدانِ أَنْ يُخْرِجاكُمْ مِنْ أَرْضِكُمْ بِسِحْرِهِما وَ يَذْهَبا بِطَرِيقَتِكُمُ الْمُثْلى
They said, ‘These two are both magicians intending to throw us out from our land by their sorcery, and do away with your best traditions [20:63]
فَأَجْمِعُوا كَيْدَكُمْ ثُمَّ ائْتُوا صَفًّا وَ قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْيَوْمَ مَنِ اسْتَعْلى
Therefore gather your plans, then come in rows, and the one who is uppermost today would have succeeded’ [20:64]
قالُوا يا مُوسى إِمَّا أَنْ تُلْقِيَ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ نَكُونَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَلْقى
They said, ‘O Musa! Either you cast of we should happen to be the first ones to cast’ [20:65]
قالَ بَلْ أَلْقُوا فَإِذا حِبالُهُمْ وَ عِصِيُّهُمْ يُخَيَّلُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ سِحْرِهِمْ أَنَّها تَسْعى
He said: ‘But, (you) cast’. Then their ropes and their staffs – it was imaged to him from their sorcery that these were on account of their sorcery as if they were moving swiftly [20:66]
فَأَوْجَسَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً
So Musa conceived fear within himself [20:67]
مُوسى قُلْنا لا تَخَفْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْأَعْلى
We said: “Do not fear! Surely you will be the uppermost! [20:68]
وَ أَلْقِ ما فِي يَمِينِكَ تَلْقَفْ ما صَنَعُوا إِنَّما صَنَعُوا كَيْدُ ساحِرٍ وَ لا يُفْلِحُ السَّاحِرُ حَيْثُ أَتى
And cast what is in your right hand, it shall devour what they made up! But rather, they are making an illusion of a magician, and the magician will not succeed wherever he comes from” [20:69]
فَأُلْقِيَ السَّحَرَةُ سُجَّداً قالُوا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ هارُونَ وَ مُوسى
And the magicians fell down in Sajdah saying, ‘We believe in the Lord of Haroun and Musa!’ [20:70]
قالَ آمَنْتُمْ لَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ آذَنَ لَكُمْ إِنَّهُ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ السِّحْرَ فَلَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَ أَرْجُلَكُمْ مِنْ خِلافٍ وَ لَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ فِي جُذُوعِ النَّخْلِ وَ لَتَعْلَمُنَّ أَيُّنا أَشَدُّ عَذاباً وَ أَبْقى
He (Pharaoh) said, ‘You are professing belief to him before I permitted for you all? He is your elder who taught you all the magic. Therefore, I will cut off your hand and your legs from opposite sides, and I will crucify you in a palm trunk, and you will come to know which of us is more severe and more lasting in punishing’ [20:71]
قالُوا لَنْ نُؤْثِرَكَ عَلى ما جاءَنا مِنَ الْبَيِّناتِ وَ الَّذِي فَطَرَنا فَاقْضِ ما أَنْتَ قاضٍ إِنَّما تَقْضِي هذِهِ الْحَياةَ الدُّنْيا
They said, We will never prefer you over what we came from the proofs and which we originated, so you judge whatever you (want to) judge. But rather, you will judge (only for) the life of the world [20:72]
إِنَّا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّنا لِيَغْفِرَ لَنا خَطايانا وَ ما أَكْرَهْتَنا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ السِّحْرِ وَ اللَّهُ خَيْرٌ وَ أَبْقى
Surely we believe in our Lord, for Him to Forgive (our sins) for us, and whatever you compelled us upon, from the sorcery, and Allah is Better and more Lasting’ [20:73]
إِنَّهُ مَنْ يَأْتِ رَبَّهُ مُجْرِماً فَإِنَّ لَهُ جَهَنَّمَ لا يَمُوتُ فِيها وَ لا يَحْيى
Surely, one who come to his Lord as a criminal, then for him would be Hell. Neither will he die therein, nor live [20:74]
وَ مَنْ يَأْتِهِ مُؤْمِناً قَدْ عَمِلَ الصَّالِحاتِ فَأُولئِكَ لَهُمُ الدَّرَجاتُ الْعُلى
And one who come to him as a Momin, having done righteous deeds, then they, for them would be high ranks [20:75]
جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهارُ خالِدِينَ فِيها وَ ذلِكَ جَزاءُ مَنْ تَزَكَّى
Gardens of Eden, beneath which the rivers flow, being eternally therein. And that is a Recompense of the one who purified himself [20:76]
وَ لَقَدْ أَوْحَيْنا إِلى مُوسى أَنْ أَسْرِ بِعِبادِي فَاضْرِبْ لَهُمْ طَرِيقاً فِي الْبَحْرِ يَبَساً لا تَخافُ دَرَكاً وَ لا تَخْشى
And We had Revealed unto Musa: “Travel with My servants, and strike a dry pathway or them in the sea. Do not fear of being overtaken, nor be scared” [20:77]
فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ بِجُنُودِهِ فَغَشِيَهُمْ مِنَ الْيَمِّ ما غَشِيَهُمْ
And Pharaoh pursued them with his armies, and they were overwhelmed from the sea what overwhelmed them [20:78]
وَ أَضَلَّ فِرْعَوْنُ قَوْمَهُ وَ ما هَدى
And Pharaoh led his people astray and did not guide [20:79]
المؤمنين ثُمَّ أَرْسَلْنا مُوسى وَ أَخاهُ هارُونَ بِآياتِنا وَ سُلْطانٍ مُبِينٍ
(Surah) Al-Momineen: Then We Sent Musa and his brother Haroun, with Our Signs and a clear Authority [23:45]
إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَائِهِ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَ كانُوا قَوْماً عالِينَ
To Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they were arrogant and they were a haughty people [23:46]
فَقالُوا أَ نُؤْمِنُ لِبَشَرَيْنِ مِثْلِنا وَ قَوْمُهُما لَنا عابِدُونَ
So they said, ‘Should we believe in two persons like us and their people worship to us?’ [23:47]
فَكَذَّبُوهُما فَكانُوا مِنَ الْمُهْلَكِينَ
Thus, they belied them both, so they were from the Destroyed ones [23:48]
وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسَى الْكِتابَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَهْتَدُونَ
And We had Given Musa the Book, perhaps they would be rightly Guided [23:49]
الشعراء وَ إِذْ نادى رَبُّكَ مُوسى أَنِ ائْتِ الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
(Al Shuara): And when your Lord Called out to Musa: “Go to the unjust people! [26:10]
قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَ لا يَتَّقُونَ
The people of Pharaoh, are they not fearing?” [26:11]
قالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي أَخافُ أَنْ يُكَذِّبُونِ
He said: ‘My Lord! I fear that they would belie me [26:12]
وَ يَضِيقُ صَدْرِي وَ لا يَنْطَلِقُ لِسانِي فَأَرْسِلْ إِلى هارُونَ
And my chest is straitened, and my tongue is not eloquent, therefore Send for Haroun (for support) [26:13]
وَ لَهُمْ عَلَيَّ ذَنْبٌ فَأَخافُ أَنْ يَقْتُلُونِ
And for them is an offence upon me, therefore I fear they would kill me’ [26:14]
قالَ كَلَّا فَاذْهَبا بِآياتِنا إِنَّا مَعَكُمْ مُسْتَمِعُونَ
He said: “Never! So both of you go with Our Signs; surely We are with you, Hearing [26:15]
فَأْتِيا فِرْعَوْنَ فَقُولا إِنَّا رَسُولُ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ
So go to Pharaoh and say: ‘We are the Rasools of the Lord of the Worlds [26:16]
أَنْ أَرْسِلْ مَعَنا بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ
Then send with us the Children of Israel’ [26:17]
قالَ أَ لَمْ نُرَبِّكَ فِينا وَلِيداً وَ لَبِثْتَ فِينا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ سِنِينَ
(Pharaoh) said: ‘Did we not nourish you among us as a child, and you remained among us from your life-time, (many) years? [26:18]
وَ فَعَلْتَ فَعْلَتَكَ الَّتِي فَعَلْتَ وَ أَنْتَ مِنَ الْكافِرِينَ
And you did that deed of yours which you did, and you are from the ungrateful ones’ [26:19]
قالَ فَعَلْتُها إِذاً وَ أَنَا مِنَ الضَّالِّينَ
He said: ‘I did it then when I was from the straying ones [26:20]
فَفَرَرْتُ مِنْكُمْ لَمَّا خِفْتُكُمْ فَوَهَبَ لِي رَبِّي حُكْماً وَ جَعَلَنِي مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
So I fled from you when I feared you. Then my Lord Granted me Wisdom and Made me to be from the Rasools [26:21]
وَ تِلْكَ نِعْمَةٌ تَمُنُّها عَلَيَّ أَنْ عَبَّدْتَ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ
And that is a favour which you are reproaching me upon although you have enslaved the children of Israel?’ [26:22]
قالَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ ما رَبُّ الْعالَمِينَ
Pharaoh said, ‘And what is the ‘Lord of the Worlds’?’ [26:23]
قالَ رَبُّ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ ما بَيْنَهُمَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُوقِنِينَ
He (Musa) said: ‘Lord of the skies and the earth and what is between the two, if you would be certain’ [26:24]
قالَ لِمَنْ حَوْلَهُ أَ لا تَسْتَمِعُونَ
He (Pharaoh) said to those around him, Are you all not listening? [26:25]
قالَ رَبُّكُمْ وَ رَبُّ آبائِكُمُ الْأَوَّلِينَ
He said: ‘Your Lord and the Lord of your forefathers, the former ones!’ [26:26]
قالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَكُمُ الَّذِي أُرْسِلَ إِلَيْكُمْ لَمَجْنُونٌ
He (Pharaoh) said, ‘The Rasool who is Sent to you is insane’ [26:27]
قالَ رَبُّ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ ما بَيْنَهُما إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ
He (Musa) said: ‘Lord of the east and the west and what is between the two, if you would use your intellect’ [26:28]
قالَ لَئِنِ اتَّخَذْتَ إِلهَاً غَيْرِي لَأَجْعَلَنَّكَ مِنَ الْمَسْجُونِينَ
(Pharaoh) said, ‘If you were to take a god apart from me, I will make you to be from the prisoners’ [26:29]
قالَ أَ وَ لَوْ جِئْتُكَ بِشَيْءٍ مُبِينٍ
He (Musa) said: ‘Or shall I come to you with something clearer?’ [26:30]
قالَ فَأْتِ بِهِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ
(Pharaoh) Said, ‘Come with it then, if you are of the truthful ones’ [26:31]
فَأَلْقى عَصاهُ فَإِذا هِيَ ثُعْبانٌ مُبِينٌ
So he cast his staff, and behold, it was an clear serpent [26:32]
وَ نَزَعَ يَدَهُ فَإِذا هِيَ بَيْضاءُ لِلنَّاظِرِينَ
And he drew forth his hand, and behold, it was (brilliantly) white to the onlookers [26:33]
قالَ لِلْمَلَإِ حَوْلَهُ إِنَّ هذا لَساحِرٌ عَلِيمٌ
He (Pharaoh) said to the chiefs around him, ‘Surely this one is a very knowledgeable sorcerer [26:34]
يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَكُمْ مِنْ أَرْضِكُمْ بِسِحْرِهِ فَما ذا تَأْمُرُونَ
Intending to throw you out from your land by his sorcery, so what is that you are instructing?’ [26:35]
قالُوا أَرْجِهْ وَ أَخاهُ وَ ابْعَثْ فِي الْمَدائِنِ حاشِرِينَ
They said, ‘Stall him and his brother and send collectors into the cities [26:36]
يَأْتُوكَ بِكُلِّ سَحَّارٍ عَلِيمٍ
They should come to you with every knowledgeable sorcerer [26:37]
فَجُمِعَ السَّحَرَةُ لِمِيقاتِ يَوْمٍ مَعْلُومٍ
So the magicians were gathered for an appointment on a known day [26:38]
وَ قِيلَ لِلنَّاسِ هَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُجْتَمِعُونَ
And it was said to the people, ‘Can you gather together [26:39]
لَعَلَّنا نَتَّبِعُ السَّحَرَةَ إِنْ كانُوا هُمُ الْغالِبِينَ
Perhaps we may follow the magicians, if they would be the winners [26:40]
فَلَمَّا جاءَ السَّحَرَةُ قالُوا لِفِرْعَوْنَ أَ إِنَّ لَنا لَأَجْراً إِنْ كُنَّا نَحْنُ الْغالِبِينَ
So when the magicians came, they said to Pharaoh, Will we get a reward if we were the winners?’ [26:41]
قالَ نَعَمْ وَ إِنَّكُمْ إِذاً لَمِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ
He said, ‘Yes, and you will then be from the ones of proximity’ [26:42]
قالَ لَهُمْ مُوسى أَلْقُوا ما أَنْتُمْ مُلْقُونَ
Musa said to them: ‘Cast whatever you would be casting!’ [26:43]
فَأَلْقَوْا حِبالَهُمْ وَ عِصِيَّهُمْ وَ قالُوا بِعِزَّةِ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الْغالِبُونَ
So they cast down their ropes and their sticks and said, ‘By the Might of Pharaoh, surely for us would be the overcoming!’ [26:44]
فَأَلْقى مُوسى عَصاهُ فَإِذا هِيَ تَلْقَفُ ما يَأْفِكُونَ
Then Musa cast down his staff and it swallowed up what they were faking [26:45]
فَأُلْقِيَ السَّحَرَةُ ساجِدِينَ
And the magicians fell down in Sajdah (to Allah) [26:46]
قالُوا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ
They said, ‘We believe in the Lord of the Worlds! [26:47]
رَبِّ مُوسى وَ هارُونَ
Lord of Musa and Haroun!’ [26:48]
قالَ آمَنْتُمْ لَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ آذَنَ لَكُمْ إِنَّهُ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ السِّحْرَ فَلَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَ أَرْجُلَكُمْ مِنْ خِلافٍ وَ لَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
(Pharaoh) said, ‘You are believing in him before I gave the permission for you? He is your elder who taught you the magic, so you shall soon be knowing, for I will cut-off your hands and your legs on opposite sides, and I will crucify you all’ [26:49]
قالُوا لا ضَيْرَ إِنَّا إِلى رَبِّنا مُنْقَلِبُونَ
They said, ‘No harm! We are returning to our Lord [26:50]
إِنَّا نَطْمَعُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَنا رَبُّنا خَطايانا أَنْ كُنَّا أَوَّلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
We hope that our Lord will Forgive our mistakes for us, as we have become the first of the Momineen’ [26:51]
وَ أَوْحَيْنا إِلى مُوسى أَنْ أَسْرِ بِعِبادِي إِنَّكُمْ مُتَّبَعُونَ
And We Revealed unto Musa, saying: “Travel secretly with My servants. You will be pursued” [26:52]
فَأَرْسَلَ فِرْعَوْنُ فِي الْمَدائِنِ حاشِرِينَ
So Pharaoh sent collectors into the cities [26:53]
إِنَّ هؤُلاءِ لَشِرْذِمَةٌ قَلِيلُونَ
(Saying), ‘They are a small group [26:54]
وَ إِنَّهُمْ لَنا لَغائِظُونَ
And they have enraged us [26:55]
وَ إِنَّا لَجَمِيعٌ حاذِرُونَ
And we are all forewarned’ [26:56]
فَأَخْرَجْناهُمْ مِنْ جَنَّاتٍ وَ عُيُونٍ
But (instead), We Turned them out from gardens and springs [26:57]
وَ كُنُوزٍ وَ مَقامٍ كَرِيمٍ
And treasures and honourable places [26:58]
كَذلِكَ وَ أَوْرَثْناها بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ
Like that We Made the Children of Israel to inherit these [26:59]
فَأَتْبَعُوهُمْ مُشْرِقِينَ
So they pursued them at daylight [26:60]
فَلَمَّا تَراءَا الْجَمْعانِ قالَ أَصْحابُ مُوسى إِنَّا لَمُدْرَكُونَ
So when the two groups saw each other, the companions of Musa said, ‘We are being overtaken’ [26:61]
قالَ كَلَّا إِنَّ مَعِي رَبِّي سَيَهْدِينِ
He said: ‘Never! Surely, My Lord is with me. He will be Guiding me [26:62]
فَأَوْحَيْنا إِلى مُوسى أَنِ اضْرِبْ بِعَصاكَ الْبَحْرَ فَانْفَلَقَ فَكانَ كُلُّ فِرْقٍ كَالطَّوْدِ الْعَظِيمِ
So We Revealed unto Musa: “Strike the sea with your staff!” So it parted, and each part was like a huge mountain [26:63]
وَ أَزْلَفْنا ثَمَّ الْآخَرِينَ
And We Brought the others near to it [26:64]
وَ أَنْجَيْنا مُوسى وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ أَجْمَعِينَ
And We Saved Musa and all those who were with him [26:65]
ثُمَ أَغْرَقْنَا الْآخَرِينَ
Then We Drowned the others [26:66]
إِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ لَآيَةً وَ ما كانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
Most surely there is a Sign in this, but most of them are not Believers [26:67]
وَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ
And most surely your Lord, He is the Mighty, the Merciful [26:68]
النمل إِذْ قالَ مُوسى لِأَهْلِهِ إِنِّي آنَسْتُ ناراً سَآتِيكُمْ مِنْها بِخَبَرٍ أَوْ آتِيكُمْ بِشِهابٍ قَبَسٍ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَصْطَلُونَ
(Surah) Al Naml: When Musa said to his family: ‘I perceive fire. I will either come to you with news from it or come to you with a firebrand, so you may warm yourselves’ [27:7]
فَلَمَّا جاءَها نُودِيَ أَنْ بُورِكَ مَنْ فِي النَّارِ وَ مَنْ حَوْلَها وَ سُبْحانَ اللَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ
So when he came to it, We Called out: “Surely, Blessed is the One in the fire and the One around it, and Glorious is Allah, Lord of the worlds! [27:8]
يا مُوسى إِنَّهُ أَنَا اللَّهُ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
O Musa! I am Allah, the Mighty, the Wise! [27:9]
وَ أَلْقِ عَصاكَ فَلَمَّا رَآها تَهْتَزُّ كَأَنَّها جَانٌّ وَلَّى مُدْبِراً وَ لَمْ يُعَقِّبْ يا مُوسى لا تَخَفْ إِنِّي لا يَخافُ لَدَيَّ الْمُرْسَلُونَ
And cast down your staff!” So when he saw it wiggle as if it were a serpent, he turned back retreating and did not return. (We Said): “O Musa! Do not fear. The Rasools should not fear in My Presence [27:10]
إِلَّا مَنْ ظَلَمَ ثُمَّ بَدَّلَ حُسْناً بَعْدَ سُوءٍ فَإِنِّي غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
Except the one (who is) unjust, then he replaces by (doing) a good deed after evil, for I am Forgiving, Merciful [27:11]
وَ أَدْخِلْ يَدَكَ فِي جَيْبِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ فِي تِسْعِ آياتٍ إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ قَوْمِهِ إِنَّهُمْ كانُوا قَوْماً فاسِقِينَ
And insert your hand into your pocket, it would come out white, without a blemish, being among nine Signs to Pharaoh and his people, they were a transgressing people [27:12]
فَلَمَّا جاءَتْهُمْ آياتُنا مُبْصِرَةً قالُوا هذا سِحْرٌ مُبِينٌ
So when Our visual Signs came to them, they said, ‘This is clear sorcery!’ [27:13]
وَ جَحَدُوا بِها وَ اسْتَيْقَنَتْها أَنْفُسُهُمْ ظُلْماً وَ عُلُوًّا فَانْظُرْ كَيْفَ كانَ عاقِبَةُ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
And they rejected these (Signs) out of injustice and pride, although they were convinced of these, therefore look, how was the end result of the mischief makers [27:14]
القصص فَلَمَّا جاءَهُمْ مُوسى بِآياتِنا بَيِّناتٍ قالُوا ما هذا إِلَّا سِحْرٌ مُفْتَرىً وَ ما سَمِعْنا بِهذا فِي آبائِنَا الْأَوَّلِينَ
(Surah) Al Qasas: So when Musa came to them with Our clear Signs, they said, ‘This is nothing but fabricated sorcery, and we never heard of it among our forefathers, the former ones’ [28:36]
وَ قالَ مُوسى رَبِّي أَعْلَمُ بِمَنْ جاءَ بِالْهُدى مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَ مَنْ تَكُونُ لَهُ عاقِبَةُ الدَّارِ إِنَّهُ لا يُفْلِحُ الظَّالِمُونَ
And Musa said: ‘My Lord is more Knowing of the one who comes with the Guidance from His Presence and one for who happens to be the end result of the (Blissful) abode. Surely, the unjust ones will not be successful [28:37]
وَ قالَ فِرْعَوْنُ يا أَيُّهَا الْمَلَأُ ما عَلِمْتُ لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلهٍ غَيْرِي فَأَوْقِدْ لِي يا هامانُ عَلَى الطِّينِ فَاجْعَلْ لِي صَرْحاً لَعَلِّي أَطَّلِعُ إِلى إِلهِ مُوسى وَ إِنِّي لَأَظُنُّهُ مِنَ الْكاذِبِينَ
And Pharaoh said, ‘O you chiefs! I do not know of a god for you apart from me, therefore ignite (a lamp) for me upon the clay, O Haman, and make a monument for me so I can take a look at the God of Musa, and I think he is from the liars’ [28:38]
وَ اسْتَكْبَرَ هُوَ وَ جُنُودُهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَ ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ إِلَيْنا لا يُرْجَعُونَ
And he and his armies were arrogant in the land without the right, and they thought they would not be returning to Us [28:39]
فَأَخَذْناهُ وَ جُنُودَهُ فَنَبَذْناهُمْ فِي الْيَمِّ فَانْظُرْ كَيْفَ كانَ عاقِبَةُ الظَّالِمِينَ
So We Seized him and his armies, then We Threw them into the sea, therefore look how was the end result of the unjust ones [28:40]
وَ جَعَلْناهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَدْعُونَ إِلَى النَّارِ وَ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ لا يُنْصَرُونَ
And We Made them Imams calling to the Fire, and on the Day of Qiyamah, they will not be helped [28:41]
وَ أَتْبَعْناهُمْ فِي هذِهِ الدُّنْيا لَعْنَةً وَ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ هُمْ مِنَ الْمَقْبُوحِينَ
And We Caused a Curse to pursue them in this world, and on the Day of Judgement they would be from the ugly ones [28:42]
و قال تعالى القصص أَ وَ لَمْ يَكْفُرُوا بِما أُوتِيَ مُوسى مِنْ قَبْلُ قالُوا سِحْرانِ تَظاهَرا وَ قالُوا إِنَّا بِكُلٍّ كافِرُونَ
And the Exalted Said: Or, did they not commit Kufr from before, with what Musa had been Given? They were saying, ‘Two sorcerer backing each other’. And they were saying, ‘We are disbelievers in all (of it)’ [28:48]
ص كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَ عادٌ وَ فِرْعَوْنُ ذُو الْأَوْتادِ
(Surah) Suad: They belied before them, the people of Noah, and Aad, and Pharaoh with the pegs [38:12]
المؤمن وَ قالَ فِرْعَوْنُ يا هامانُ ابْنِ لِي صَرْحاً لَعَلِّي أَبْلُغُ الْأَسْبابَ
(Surah) Al Momin: And Pharaoh said, ‘O Haman! Build a monument for me, perhaps I can reach the means (of access to the skies), [40:36]
أَسْبابَ السَّماواتِ فَأَطَّلِعَ إِلى إِلهِ مُوسى وَ إِنِّي لَأَظُنُّهُ كاذِباً وَ كَذلِكَ زُيِّنَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ سُوءُ عَمَلِهِ وَ صُدَّ عَنِ السَّبِيلِ وَ ما كَيْدُ فِرْعَوْنَ إِلَّا فِي تَبابٍ
The means of accessing the skies, so I can notice the God of Musa, and I think he is a liar’. And like that, it was adorned for Pharaoh, the evil of his deed, and he was blocked from the Way, and what was the plot of Pharaoh (to end), except in ruination [40:37]
الزخرف وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنا مُوسى بِآياتِنا إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَائِهِ فَقالَ إِنِّي رَسُولُ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ
(Surah) Al Zukhruf: And We had Sent Musa with Our Signs to Pharaoh and his chiefs, so he said: ‘I am the Rasool of Lord of the Worlds’ [43:46]
فَلَمَّا جاءَهُمْ بِآياتِنا إِذا هُمْ مِنْها يَضْحَكُونَ
But when he came to them with Our Signs, then they were laughing from these [43:47]
وَ ما نُرِيهِمْ مِنْ آيَةٍ إِلَّا هِيَ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ أُخْتِها وَ أَخَذْناهُمْ بِالْعَذابِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ
And We did not Show them a Sign but it was greater than its counterpart, and We Seized them with the Punishment, perhaps they would return [43:48]
وَ قالُوا يا أَيُّهَا السَّاحِرُ ادْعُ لَنا رَبَّكَ بِما عَهِدَ عِنْدَكَ إِنَّنا لَمُهْتَدُونَ
And they said, ‘O magician! Supplicate to your Lord for us with what He has Pacted with you! Surely we would (then) be rightly Guided’ [43:49]
فَلَمَّا كَشَفْنا عَنْهُمُ الْعَذابَ إِذا هُمْ يَنْكُثُونَ
But when We Removed the Punishment, they broke (their word) [43:50]
وَ نادى فِرْعَوْنُ فِي قَوْمِهِ قالَ يا قَوْمِ أَ لَيْسَ لِي مُلْكُ مِصْرَ وَ هذِهِ الْأَنْهارُ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِي أَ فَلا تُبْصِرُونَ
And Pharaoh proclaimed among his people. He said, ‘O my people! Isn’t the kingdom of Egypt for me, and (so are) these rivers flowing beneath me, can you not see? [43:51]
أَمْ أَنَا خَيْرٌ مِنْ هذَا الَّذِي هُوَ مَهِينٌ وَ لا يَكادُ يُبِينُ
Am I not better than this one? He is despicable and can hardly speak clearly [43:52]
فَلَوْ لا أُلْقِيَ عَلَيْهِ أَسْوِرَةٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ أَوْ جاءَ مَعَهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ مُقْتَرِنِينَ
But why have not bracelets of gold been put upon him, or the Angels come along with him as companions? [43:53]
فَاسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُ فَأَطاعُوهُ إِنَّهُمْ كانُوا قَوْماً فاسِقِينَ
Thus, he bluffed his people and they obeyed him. They were a transgressing people [43:54]
فَلَمَّا آسَفُونا انْتَقَمْنا مِنْهُمْ فَأَغْرَقْناهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
Then when they Angered Us, We Took Revenge from them, so We Drowned them altogether [43:55]
فَجَعَلْناهُمْ سَلَفاً وَ مَثَلًا لِلْآخِرِينَ
And We Made them to be a precedent and an example for the latter ones [43:56]
الدخان وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ جاءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ كَرِيمٌ
(Surah) Al Dukhan: And We had Tried the people of Pharaoh before them, and there came to them a noble Rasool [44:17]
أَنْ أَدُّوا إِلَيَّ عِبادَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ
(Saying): ‘Deliver to me the servants of Allah, surely I am a trustworthy Rasool to you [44:18]
وَ أَنْ لا تَعْلُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ إِنِّي آتِيكُمْ بِسُلْطانٍ مُبِينٍ
And surely you should not exalt yourselves against Allah. I come to you with clear Authorisation [44:19]
وَ إِنِّي عُذْتُ بِرَبِّي وَ رَبِّكُمْ أَنْ تَرْجُمُونِ
And I take Refuge with my Lord and your Lord if you were to stone me (to death) [44:20]
وَ إِنْ لَمْ تُؤْمِنُوا لِي فَاعْتَزِلُونِ
And if you do not believe in me, then leave me alone’ [44:21]
فَدَعا رَبَّهُ أَنَّ هؤُلاءِ قَوْمٌ مُجْرِمُونَ
So he supplicated to his Lord: ‘Surely they are a criminal people’ [44:22]
فَأَسْرِ بِعِبادِي لَيْلًا إِنَّكُمْ مُتَّبَعُونَ
“Travel secretly with My servants. You will be pursued [44:23]
وَ اتْرُكِ الْبَحْرَ رَهْواً إِنَّهُمْ جُنْدٌ مُغْرَقُونَ
And leave the sea at rest, they are an army to be drowned [44:24]
كَمْ تَرَكُوا مِنْ جَنَّاتٍ وَ عُيُونٍ
How many of the gardens and fountains they left (behind), [44:25]
وَ زُرُوعٍ وَ مَقامٍ كَرِيمٍ
And plantations and noble places, [44:26]
وَ نَعْمَةٍ كانُوا فِيها فاكِهِينَ كَذلِكَ وَ أَوْرَثْناها قَوْماً آخَرِينَ
Like that, and We Made these to be inherited by another people [44:28]
فَما بَكَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّماءُ وَ الْأَرْضُ وَ ما كانُوا مُنْظَرِينَ
So the sky and the earth did not weep upon them, nor were they Respited [44:29]
وَ لَقَدْ نَجَّيْنا بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ مِنَ الْعَذابِ الْمُهِينِ
And We had Rescued the Children of Israel from the abasing Punishment [44:30]
مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ كانَ عالِياً مِنَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ
From Pharaoh. Surely he was arrogant, from the transgressors [44:31]
وَ لَقَدِ اخْتَرْناهُمْ عَلى عِلْمٍ عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ
And We have Chosen them (Imams) upon knowledge, over the worlds [44:32]
وَ آتَيْناهُمْ مِنَ الْآياتِ ما فِيهِ بَلؤُا مُبِينٌ
And We gave them from the Signs wherein was clear scourge (curse) [44:33]
الذاريات وَ فِي مُوسى إِذْ أَرْسَلْناهُ إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ بِسُلْطانٍ مُبِينٍ
(Surah) Al Zariyaat: And regarding Musa, when We Sent him to Pharaoh with a clear Authorisation [51:38]
فَتَوَلَّى بِرُكْنِهِ وَ قالَ ساحِرٌ أَوْ مَجْنُونٌ
But he turned back with his away with his supporters and said, ‘(He is either) a sorcerer or a madman’ [51:39]
فَأَخَذْناهُ وَ جُنُودَهُ فَنَبَذْناهُمْ فِي الْيَمِّ وَ هُوَ مُلِيمٌ
So We Seized him and his armies and We Hurled them into the sea, and he was hosts and hurled them into the sea and he was blameworthy [51:40]
القمر وَ لَقَدْ جاءَ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ النُّذُرُ كَذَّبُوا بِآياتِنا كُلِّها فَأَخَذْناهُمْ أَخْذَ عَزِيزٍ مُقْتَدِرٍ
And among (the people of) Aad, when We Sent upon them the destructive (Al-Aqeem) wind [51:41]
الصف وَ إِذْ قالَ مُوسى لِقَوْمِهِ يا قَوْمِ لِمَ تُؤْذُونَنِي وَ قَدْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ فَلَمَّا زاغُوا أَزاغَ اللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُمْ وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفاسِقِينَ
(Surah) Al Saff: And when Musa said to his people: ‘O my people! Why are you hurting me, and you know I am a Rasool of Allah to you all? But when they deviated, Allah Deviated their hearts, and Allah does not Guide the transgressing people [61:5]
المزمل إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنا إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولًا شاهِداً عَلَيْكُمْ كَما أَرْسَلْنا إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ رَسُولًا
(Surah) Al Muzammil: Surely, We Sent a Rasool to you as a witness upon you, just as We had Sent a Rasool to Pharaoh [73:15]
فَعَصى فِرْعَوْنُ الرَّسُولَ فَأَخَذْناهُ أَخْذاً وَبِيلًا
But Pharaoh disobeyed the Rasool, so We Seized him with a ruinous Seizing [73:16]
النازعات هَلْ أَتاكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسى
(Surah) Al Naziyaat: Did there come to you a Hadeeth of Musa? [79:15]
إِذْ ناداهُ رَبُّهُ بِالْوادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ طُوىً
When his Lord Called him at the Holy valley of Tuwa [79:16]
اذْهَبْ إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغى
Go to Pharaoh, he has transgressed [79:17]
فَقُلْ هَلْ لَكَ إِلى أَنْ تَزَكَّى
So say: ‘Is there (an inclination) to you to purify (yourself)? [79:18]
وَ أَهْدِيَكَ إِلى رَبِّكَ فَتَخْشى
And I will guide you to your Lord, therefore fear’ [79:19]
فَأَراهُ الْآيَةَ الْكُبْرى
So he showed him the great Sign [79:20]
فَكَذَّبَ وَ عَصى
But he belied and disobeyed [79:21]
ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ يَسْعى
Then he turned back [79:22]
فَحَشَرَ فَنادى
So he gathered (people) and called out [79:23]
فَقالَ أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلى
He said: ‘I am your lord, the most exalted!’ [79:24]
فَأَخَذَهُ اللَّهُ نَكالَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ الْأُولى
Therefore Allah Seized him with the exemplary Punishment of the Hereafter and the former life [79:25]
إِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ لَعِبْرَةً لِمَنْ يَخْشى
Surely in that is a lesson for one who fears [79:26]
الفجر وَ فِرْعَوْنَ ذِي الْأَوْتادِ
(Surah) Al Fajr: And Pharaoh, possessor of the pegs [89:10].
روي عن ابن عباس أنه لما آمن السحرة أسلم من بني إسرائيل ستمائة ألف نفس و اتبعوه
It is reported from Ibn Abbas, when the magicians believed, six hundred thousand from the children of Israel submitted and followed him (Musa-as).
قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَ ابْنُ جُبَيْرٍ وَ قَتَادَةُ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَ رَوَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ دَخَلَ حَدِيثُ بَعْضِهِمْ فِي بَعْضٍ قَالُوا لَمَّا آمَنَتِ السَّحَرَةُ وَ رَجَعَ فِرْعَوْنُ مَغْلُوباً وَ أَبَى هُوَ وَ قَوْمُهُ إِلَّا الْإِقَامَةَ عَلَى الْكُفْرِ قَالَ هَامَانُ لِفِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ آمَنُوا بِمُوسَى فَانْظُرْ مَنْ دَخَلَ فِي دِينِهِ فَاحْبِسْهُ
It is said by Ibn Abbas, and Ibn Jubeyr, and Qatadah, and Muhammad Bin Is’haq, and it is reported by Ali Bin Ibrahim by his chain from Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws, the Hadeeth of some of them is inclusive in others. They said, ‘When the magicians believed and Pharaoh-la returned overcome, and he and his people refused except staying upon the disbelief, Haman-la said to Pharaoh-la, ‘The people are believing in Musa-as, so look at who enters into his reigion, and imprison him!’
فَحَبَسَ كُلَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَتَابَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْآيَاتِ وَ أَخَذَهُمْ بِالسِّنِينَ وَ نَقْصِ الثَّمَرَاتِ ثُمَّ بَعَثَ عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفَانَ فَخَرَّبَ دُورَهُمْ وَ مَسَاكِنَهُمْ حَتَّى خَرَجُوا إِلَى الْبَرِّيَّةِ وَ ضَرَبُوا الْخِيَامَ وَ امْتَلَأَتْ بُيُوتُ الْقِبْطِ مَاءً وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بُيُوتَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ قَطْرَةٌ وَ أَقَامَ الْمَاءُ عَلَى وَجْهِ أَرَضِيهِمْ لَا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى أَنْ يَحْرِثُوا
He-la imprisoned the ones from the children of Israel who believed in him. Allah-azwj Pursued them with the Signs and Seized them with the years (of drought), and Reduced the fruits. Then He-azwj Sent the flood upon them, so their houses and their dwellings were ruined until they went out to the wilderness and struck the tents, and houses of the Coptics were filled with water and not a drop from the water entered houses of the children of Israel, and the water stayed upon the surface of their land. They were not able upon the farming.
فَقَالُوا لِمُوسَى ادْعُ لَنا رَبَّكَ أَنْ يَكْشِفَ عَنَّا الْمَطَرَ فَنُؤْمِنَ لَكَ وَ نُرْسِلَ مَعَكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
They (Coptics) said to Musa-as, ‘Supplicate to your-as Lord-azwj for us to Restrain the rains from us and we will believe in you-as and we will send the children of Israel with you-as!’
فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ فَكَشَفَ عَنْهُمُ الطُّوفَانَ فَلَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا وَ قَالَ هَامَانُ لِفِرْعَوْنَ لَئِنْ خَلَّيْتَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ غَلَبَكَ مُوسَى وَ أَزَالَ مُلْكَكَ
He supplicated to his Lord-azwj and the flood was Restrained from them, but they did not believe, and Haman-la said to Pharaoh-la, ‘If you were to set the children of Israel free Musa-as will overcome upon you-la and your-la kingdom will decline!’
وَ أَنْبَتَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ مِنَ الْكَلَإِ وَ الزَّرْعِ وَ الثَّمَرِ مَا أَعْشَبَتْ بِهِ بِلَادُهُمْ وَ أَخْصَبَتْ فَقَالُوا مَا كَانَ هَذَا الْمَاءُ إِلَّا نِعْمَةً عَلَيْنَا وَ خِصْباً
And during that year Allah-azwj Grew for them the pastures, and the crops, and the fruits what their lands were flush and fertile. They said, ‘This water has not been except as a bounty upon us and prosperity!’
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي السَّنَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ فِي الشَّهْرِ الثَّانِي عَنْ غَيْرِهِ مِنَ المُفَسِّرِينَ الْجَرَادَ فَجَرَّدَتْ زُرُوعَهُمْ وَ أَشْجَارَهُمْ حَتَّى كَانَتْ تُجَرِّدُ شُعُورَهُمْ وَ لِحَاهُمْ وَ تَأْكُلُ الْأَبْوَابَ وَ الثِّيَابَ وَ الْأَمْتِعَةَ وَ كَانَتْ لَا تَدْخُلُ بُيُوتَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ لَا يُصِيبُهُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ
In the second year, Allah-azwj Sent down locusts upon them (in the report from Ali Bin Ibrahim, in the second month, from others from the interpreters, locusts). They stripped their crops and their trees until stripped their hair and their beards, and they consumed the doors and the clothes and the belongings, and they did not enter houses of the children of Israel. Nothing from that afflicted them.
فَعَجُّوا وَ ضَجُّوا وَ جَزِعَ فِرْعَوْنُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ جَزَعاً شَدِيداً وَ قَالَ يا مُوسَى ادْعُ لَنا رَبَّكَ أَنْ يَكُفَّ عَنَّا الْجَرَادَ حَتَّى أُخَلِّيَ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
They wailed and clamoured, and Pharaoh-la panicked from that with severe alarm and said, ‘O Musa! Supplicate to your Lord for us to Restrain the locusts from us until I release the children of Israel!’
فَدَعَا مُوسَى رَبَّهُ فَكَفَّ عَنْهُمُ الْجَرَادَ بَعْدَ مَا أَقَامَ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنَ السَّبْتِ إِلَى السَّبْتِ
Musa-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj. He-azwj Restrained the locusts from after they had stayed upon them for seven days, from the Saturday to the Saturday’.
رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ أَصَابَهُمْ ثَلْجٌ أَحْمَرُ فَمَاتُوا فِيهِ وَ جَزِعُوا
It is reported from Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘They were afflicted by the red snow. They died in it and panicked’.
وَ رَوَى زُرَارَةُ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّ مَعْنَاهُ لَا تُسَلِّطْهُمْ عَلَيْنَا فَتَفْتِنَهُمْ بِنَا
(Regarding: So they said: ‘We rely upon Allah, ‘O Lord! Do not Make us to be a Fitna for the unjust people [10:85]) – And it is reported by Zurara and Muhammad Bin Muslim, from Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws that its meaning is, do not Cause them to prevail upon us, so they would be Tried by us’.
قال ابن جريح مكث فرعون بعد هذا الدعاء أربعين سنة و روي ذلك عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام
Ibn Jareeh said, ‘After this supplication, Pharaoh-la remained for forty years’, and that is reported from Abu Abdullah-as’.
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: فِي عَلِمْتَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا عَلِمَ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ وَ لَكِنَّ مُوسَى هُوَ الَّذِي عَلِمَ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ
(He said: ‘You have known, none has Sent these except the Lord of the skies and the earth as an insight, and I think you, O Pharaoh, would be ruined!’ [17:102]) And it is reported that Ali-asws said regarding: You have known: ‘By Allah, the enemy of Allah-azwj did not know, but Musa-as, he-as is the one who knew, so He-azwj Said: ‘‘You have known’’.
أقم الصلاة متى ذكرت إن عليك صلاة كنت في وقتها أو لم تكن عن أكثر المفسرين و- هو المروي عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام
Establish the Salat whenever you remember that there is an outstanding Salat upon you, whether you are in its timing or do not happen to be so – from most of the interpreters, and it is reported from Abu Ja’far-asws.
و روي عن ابن عباس أكاد أخفيها من نفسي و هي كذلك في قراءة أبي و- روي ذلك عن الصادق عليه السلام
And it is reported from Ibn Abbas, (Regarding: I Plan to Conceal it [20:15]), ‘I plan to conceal it from myself’, and it is like that in the recitation of my father, and that is reported from Al-Sadiq.
قَالَ الصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ كُنْ لِمَا لَا تَرْجُو أَرْجَى مِنْكَ لِمَا تَرْجُو فَإِنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ خَرَجَ يَقْتَبِسُ لِأَهْلِهِ نَاراً فَكَلَّمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَرَجَعَ نَبِيّاً وَ خَرَجَتْ مَلِكَةُ سَبَإٍ كَافِرَةً فَأَسْلَمَتْ مَعَ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ خَرَجَ سَحَرَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ يَطْلُبُونَ الْعِزَّةَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ فَرَجَعُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ
Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws father-asws, from my-asws grandfather-asws, from Amir Al-Momineen-asws. He-asws said: ‘Be more hopeful for what you are not hoping than for what you are hoping for, for musa Bin Imran-as went out to attain fire for his-as family, and Allah-azwj the Exalted Spoke to him-as, and he-as returned as a Prophet-as; and the queen of Saba went out as a disbeliever, and she submitted with Suleyman-as; and the magicians of Pharaoh-la went out seeking the honour for Pharaoh-la, and they returned as believers’.
روي عن ابن عباس أنه سئل عن هذه الآية فقيل و هل يبكيان على أحد قال نعم مصلاه في الأرض و مصعد عمله في السماء
It is reported from Ibn Abbas, he was asked about this Verse (So the sky and the earth did not weep upon them, nor were they Respited [44:29]). It was said, ‘And did they (sky and the earth) cry upon anyone?’ He said, ‘Yes, his prayer mat is in the earth and the ascent of his deeds is in the sky’.
وَ رَوَى زُرَارَةُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: بَكَتِ السَّمَاءُ عَلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا وَ عَلَى الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً وَ لَمْ تَبْكِ إِلَّا عَلَيْهِمَا قُلْتُ فَمَا بُكَاؤُهَا قَالَ كَانَتْ تَطْلُعُ حَمْرَاءَ وَ تَغِيبُ حَمْرَاءَ
And it is reported by Zurara Bin Ayn, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The sky cried upon Yahya Bin Zakariya-as, and upon Al-Husayn Bin Ali-asws, for forty days and did not cry except upon them’. I said, ‘So what was their crying?’ He-asws said: ‘It (sun) emerged as red and set as red’.
1- فس، تفسير القمي يُذَبِّحُونَ أَبْناءَكُمْ إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ لَمَّا بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يَقُولُونَ يُولَدُ فِينَا رَجُلٌ يَكُونُ هَلَاكُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ عَلَى يَدِهِ كَانَ يُقَتِّلُ أَوْلَادَهُمُ الذُّكُورَ وَ يَدَعُ الْإِنَاثَ
(opinion)[47]
2- فس، تفسير القمي فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ قالَ مُوسى إِلَى قَوْلِهِ لا تَجْعَلْنا فِتْنَةً لِلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ فَإِنَّ قَوْمَ مُوسَى اسْتَعْبَدَهُمْ آلُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ قَالُوا لَوْ كَانَ لِهَؤُلَاءِ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَرَامَةٌ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ مَا سَلَّطَنَا عَلَيْهِمْ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – In a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: And Musa said: [10:84] – up to His-azwj Words: Do not Make us to be a Fitna for the unjust people [10:85]: ‘The people of Pharaoh-la had enslaved the people of Musa-as and they said, ‘If there was prestige for them to Allah-azwj as they are saying, we would not have (been able to) overcome upon them’’.[48]
قَوْلُهُ أَنْ تَبَوَّءا لِقَوْمِكُما بِمِصْرَ بُيُوتاً يَعْنِي بَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ قَوْلُهُ رَبَّنا إِنَّكَ آتَيْتَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَأَهُ زِينَةً أَيْ مُلْكاً لِيُضِلُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِكَ أَيْ يَفْتِنُوا النَّاسَ بِالْأَمْوَالِ وَ الْعَطَايَا لِيَعْبُدُوهُ وَ لَا يَعْبُدُوكَ رَبَّنَا اطْمِسْ عَلى أَمْوالِهِمْ أَيْ أَهْلِكْهَا قَوْلُهُ سَبِيلَ الَّذِينَ لا يَعْلَمُونَ أَيْ طَرِيقَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ قَوْلُهُ مُبَوَّأَ صِدْقٍ قَالَ رَدُّهُمْ إِلَى مِصْرَ وَ غَرَقُ فِرْعَوْنَ
3- فس، تفسير القمي فِي هذِهِ لَعْنَةً يَعْنِي الْهَلَاكَ وَ الْغَرَقَ وَ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ بِئْسَ الرِّفْدُ الْمَرْفُودُ أَيْ رَفَدَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِالْعَذَابِ
(opinion)[49]
4- فس، تفسير القمي وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسى تِسْعَ آياتٍ بَيِّناتٍ قَالَ الطُّوفَانَ وَ الْجَرَادَ وَ الْقُمَّلَ وَ الضَّفَادِعَ وَ الدَّمَ وَ الْحَجَرَ وَ الْعَصَا وَ يَدَهُ وَ الْبَحْرَ وَ يَحْكِي قَوْلَ مُوسَى وَ إِنِّي لَأَظُنُّكَ يا فِرْعَوْنُ مَثْبُوراً أَيْ هَالِكاً تَدْعُو بِالثُّبُورِ
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ فَأَرادَ أَنْ يَسْتَفِزَّهُمْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُخْرِجَهُمْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ قَوْمُهُ أَنَّ مَا أَنْزَلَ تِلْكَ الْآيَاتِ إِلَّا اللَّهُ
‘And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: So he (Pharaoh) wanted to scare them from the land [17:103]: ‘I.e., thrown them out from the land. And Pharaoh-la and his-la people knew that no one had Sent down these Signs except for Allah-azwj.
وَ قَوْلُهُ فَإِذا جاءَ وَعْدُ الْآخِرَةِ جِئْنا بِكُمْ لَفِيفاً يَعْنِي جَمِيعاً
And as for His-azwj Words: So when the Promise of the Hereafter comes (true), We will Come with you all as a group” [17:104]. He-azwj is Saying: “Together”.[50]
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَأَرادَ يَعْنِي فِرْعَوْنَ أَنْ يَسْتَفِزَّهُمْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ أَيْ يُخْرِجَهُمْ مِنْ مِصْرَ جِئْنا بِكُمْ لَفِيفاً أَيْ مِنْ كُلِّ نَاحِيَةٍ
(opinion)[51]
6- فس، تفسير القمي وَ هَلْ أَتاكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسى يَعْنِي قَدْ أَتَاكَ قَوْلُهُ فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ قَالَ كَانَتَا مِنْ جِلْدِ حِمَارٍ مَيِّتٍ وَ أَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِذِكْرِي قَالَ إِذَا نَسِيتَهَا ثُمَّ ذَكَرْتَهَا فَصَلِّهَا
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ آتِيكُمْ مِنْها بِقَبَسٍ يَقُولُ آتِيكُمْ بِقَبَسٍ مِنَ النَّارِ تَصْطَلُونَ مِنَ الْبَرْدِ
And in a report by Abu Al Jaroud, from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: I will come to you with a firebrand from it [20:10] – He-as said: ‘I-as shall bring a firebrand of fire you can keep warm from the cold’.
وَ قَوْلِهِ أَوْ أَجِدُ عَلَى النَّارِ هُدىً كَانَ قَدْ أَخْطَأَ الطَّرِيقَ يَقُولُ أَوْ أَجِدُ عِنْدَ النَّارِ طَرِيقاً
And His-azwj Words: or I shall find Guidance at the fire’ [20:10] – He-as had lost the way. He-as said, ‘Or I-as shall find a path at the fire’.
وَ قَوْلِهِ وَ أَهُشُّ بِها عَلى غَنَمِي يَقُولُ أَخْبِطُ بِهَا الشَّجَرَ لِغَنَمِي
And His-azwj Words: ‘and I bring the leaves down upon my sheep, – he is saying: ‘I use it to strike the trees for my sheep’.
وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي قَوْلِهِ إِنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ أَكادُ أُخْفِيها قَالَ مِنْ نَفْسِي هَكَذَا نَزَلَتْ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يُخْفِيهَا مِنْ نَفْسِهِ قَالَ جَعَلَهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ وَقْتٍ قَوْلُهُ وَ فَتَنَّاكَ فُتُوناً أَيِ اخْتَبَرْنَاكَ اخْتِبَاراً فِي أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ أَيْ عِنْدَ شُعَيْبٍ قَوْلُهُ وَ اصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِي أَيِ اخْتَرْتُكَ وَ لا تَنِيا أَيْ لَا تَضْعُفَا اذْهَبا إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ ائْتِيَاهُ وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَالَ لِمُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حِينَ أَرْسَلَهُ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ ائْتِيَاهُ فَقُولا لَهُ قَوْلًا لَيِّناً لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشى وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَتَذَكَّرُ وَ لَا يَخْشَى وَ لَكِنْ قَالَ اللَّهُ لِيَكُونَ أَحْرَصَ لِمُوسَى عَلَى الذَّهَابِ وَ آكَدَ فِي الْحُجَّةِ عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ
(opinion) [52]
7- فس، تفسير القمي فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ لَشِرْذِمَةٌ قَلِيلُونَ يَقُولُ عَصَبَةٌ قَلِيلَةٌ وَ إِنَّا لَجَمِيعٌ حاذِرُونَ يَقُولُ مُؤْدُونَ فِي الْأَدَاةِ وَ هُوَ الشَّاكِي فِي مَسَاكِنَ حَسَنَةٍ وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ فَأَتْبَعُوهُمْ مُشْرِقِينَ فَعِنْدَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَ قَوْلُهُ مَعِي رَبِّي سَيَهْدِينِ يَقُولُ سَيَكْفِينِ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: (Saying), ‘They are a small group [26:54] And we are all forewarned’ [26:56], he-as says, prepared and equipped, and he complains (despite being) in excellent dwellings; and as for His-azwj Words: So they pursued them at daylight [26:60] – at emergence of the sun; and His-azwj Words: Surely, My Lord is with me. He will be Guiding me [26:62] – he-as is saying, sufficing me-as’’.[53]
8- فس، تفسير القمي إِنِّي آنَسْتُ ناراً أَيْ رَأَيْتُ وَ ذَلِكَ لَمَّا خَرَجَ مِنْ مَدْيَنَ مِنْ عِنْدِ شُعَيْبٍ قَوْلُهُ إِلَّا مَنْ ظَلَمَ مَعْنَاهُ وَ لَا مَنْ ظَلَمَ فَوُضِعَ حَرْفٌ مَكَانَ حَرْفٍ
(opinion)[54]
9- فس، تفسير القمي سَاحِرَانِ تَظَاهَرَا قَالَ مُوسَى وَ هَارُونُ
(opinion)[55]
10- فس، تفسير القمي قالُوا يا أَيُّهَا السَّاحِرُ أَيْ يَا أَيُّهَا الْعَالِمُ قَوْلُهُ مِنْ هذَا الَّذِي هُوَ مَهِينٌ يَعْنِي مُوسَى وَ لا يَكادُ يُبِينُ قَالَ لَمْ يُبَيِّنِ الْكَلَامَ فَلَوْ لا أُلْقِيَ عَلَيْهِ أَيْ هَلَّا أُلْقِيَ عَلَيْهِ قَوْلُهُ مُقْتَرِنِينَ يَعْنِي مُقَارِنِينَ فَلَمَّا آسَفُونا أَيْ عَصَوْنَا لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَأْسَفُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَأَسَفِ النَّاسِ
(opinion)[56]
11- فس، تفسير القمي وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَيِ اخْتَبَرْنَاهُمْ أَنْ أَدُّوا إِلَيَّ عِبادَ اللَّهِ أَيْ مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ الصَّوْمِ وَ الْحَجِّ وَ السُّنَنِ وَ الْأَحْكَامِ وَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ أَسْرِ بِعِبادِي لَيْلًا إِنَّكُمْ مُتَّبَعُونَ أَيْ يَتَّبِعُكُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ جُنُودُهُ وَ اتْرُكِ الْبَحْرَ رَهْواً أَيْ جَانِباً وَ خُذْ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ قَوْلُهُ وَ مَقامٍ كَرِيمٍ أَيْ حَسَنٍ وَ نَعْمَةٍ كانُوا فِيها قَالَ النَّعْمَةُ فِي الْأَبْدَانِ قَوْلُهُ فاكِهِينَ أَيْ مُفَاكِهِينَ لِلنِّسَاءِ وَ أَوْرَثْناها قَوْماً آخَرِينَ يَعْنِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَوْلُهُ عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ لَفْظُهُ عَامٌّ وَ مَعْنَاهُ خَاصٌّ وَ إِنَّمَا اخْتَارَهُمْ وَ فَضَّلَهُمْ عَلَى عَالَمِي زَمَانِهِمْ
(opinion)[57]
12- فس، تفسير القمي بِالْوادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ أَيِ الْمُطَهَّرِ وَ أَمَّا طُوىً فَاسْمُ الْوَادِي وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي قَوْلِهِ فَحَشَرَ فَنادى يَعْنِي فِرْعَوْنَ وَ النَّكَالُ الْعُقُوبَةُ وَ الْآخِرَةُ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلى وَ الْأُولَى قَوْلُهُ ما عَلِمْتُ لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلهٍ غَيْرِي فَأَهْلَكَهُ اللَّهُ بِهَذَيْنِ الْقَوْلَيْنِ
(opinion)[58]
13- فس، تفسير القمي وَ فِرْعَوْنَ ذِي الْأَوْتادِ عَمِلَ الْأَوْتَادَ الَّتِي أَرَادَ أَنْ يَصَّعَّدَ بِهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ
(opinion)[59]
14- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ بَنَى سَبْعَ مَدَائِنَ فَتَحَصَّنَ فِيهَا مِنْ مُوسَى فَلَمَّا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ فِرْعَوْنَ جَاءَهُ وَ دَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ الْأُسُودُ بَصْبَصَتْ بِأَذْنَابِهَا وَ لَمْ يَأْنِ مَدِينَةً إِلَّا انْفَتَحَ لَهُ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى الَّتِي هُوَ فِيهَا
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al Sadouq, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from Al Hajal, from Abdul Rahman Bin Hamad, from Hafs Bin Gayas,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Pharaoh-la built seven cities and fortified in these from Musa-as. When Allah-azwj Commanded him-as to go to Pharaoh-la, he-as came to him-la and entered the city. When the black (guards) saw him-as they whisked their whips – and none could enter a city except if it was opened for him until one would end up to the one in which he-la was in.
فَقَعَدَ عَلَى الْبَابِ وَ عَلَيْهِ مِدْرَعَةٌ مِنْ صُوفٍ وَ مَعَهُ عَصَاهُ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ الْآذِنُ قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنِّي رَسُولُ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ إِلَيْكَ فَلَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ فَضَرَبَ بِعَصَاهُ الْبَابَ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ فِرْعَوْنَ بَابٌ إِلَّا انْفَتَحَ
He-as sat at the gate and upon him-as was a woollen shawl and with him-as was his-as staff. When the gate-keeper came out, Musa-as said to him: ‘I-as am a Rasool-as of Lord-azwj of the worlds to you’. But, he did not (even) turn around, so Musa-as struck the gate with his-as staff, and there did not remain between him-as and Pharaoh-la any door except it opened up.
فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ أَنَا رَسُولُ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ فَقَالَ ائْتِنِي بِآيَةٍ فَأَلْقَى عَصَاهُ وَ كَانَ لَهَا شُعْبَتَانِ فَوَقَعَتْ إِحْدَى الشُّعْبَتَيْنِ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ الشُّعْبَةُ الْأُخْرَى فِي أَعْلَى الْقُبَّةِ فَنَظَرَ فِرْعَوْنُ إِلَى جَوْفِهَا وَ هِيَ تَلْتَهِبُ نَاراً وَ أَهْوَتْ إِلَيْهِ
He-as entered to him-la and said: ‘I-as am a Rasool-as of Lord-azwj of the worlds!’ He-la said, ‘Have you come to me-la with any sign?’ He-as cast his-as staff, and there were two jaws for it – one of the two jaws fell in the ground and the other jaw in the top dome. Pharaoh-la looked into its interior and it was flaming fire and protruding towards him-la.
فَأَحْدَثَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ صَاحَ يَا مُوسَى خُذْهَا وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ جُلَسَاءِ فِرْعَوْنَ إِلَّا هَرَبَ فَلَمَّا أَخَذَ مُوسَى الْعَصَا وَ رَجَعَتْ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ نَفْسُهُ هَمَّ بِتَصْدِيقِهِ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ هَامَانُ وَ قَالَ بَيْنَا أَنْتَ إِلَهٌ تُعْبَدُ إِذْ أَنْتَ تَابِعٌ لِعَبْدٍ وَ اجْتَمَعَ الْمَلَأُ وَ قَالُوا هَذَا سَاحِرٌ عَلِيمٌ
Pharaoh-la was provoked and screamed: ‘O Musa-as, grab it!’ And there did not remain anyone from the gatherers of Pharaoh-la except that he fled. When Musa-as grabbled the staff and the soul of Pharaoh-la returned to himself-la, he-la thought of ratifying him-as. But, Haman-la stood up to him-la and said, ‘Between us all, you are a god. Will you-la be worshipped if you-la were to follow a slave?’ And the chiefs gathered around and said, ‘‘Surely, this is a very knowledgeable sorcerer [7:109].
فَجُمِعَ السَّحَرَةُ لِمِيقاتِ يَوْمٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَلَمَّا أَلْقَوْا حِبَالَهُمْ وَ عِصِيَّهُمْ أَلْقَى مُوسَى عَصَاهُ فَالْتَقَمَتْهَا كُلَّهَا وَ كَانَ فِي السَّحَرَةِ اثْنَانِ وَ سَبْعُونَ شَيْخاً خَرُّوا سُجَّداً ثُمَّ قَالُوا لِفِرْعَوْنَ مَا هَذَا سِحْرٌ لَوْ كَانَ سِحْراً لَبَقِيَتْ حِبَالُنَا وَ عِصِيُّنَا
The magicians gathered for an appointment on a known day. When they cast their ropes and their staffs, Musa-as cast his-as staff and it devoured all of them, and among the magicians there were seventy-two old men falling down in Sajdah, then they said to Pharaoh-la, ‘This one is not a sorcerer, if he-as were a sorcerer, our ropes and our staffs would have remained’.
ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَقْطَعَ بِهِمُ الْبَحْرَ فَأَنْجَى اللَّهُ مُوسَى وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ وَ غَرَّقَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا صَارَ مُوسَى فِي الْبَحْرِ أَتْبَعَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ جُنُودُهُ فَتَهَيَّبَ فِرْعَوْنُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْبَحْرَ فَمُثِّلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى مَادِيَانَةٍ وَ كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ عَلَى فَحْلٍ فَلَمَّا رَأَى قَوْمُ فِرْعَوْنَ الْمَادِيَانَةَ اتَّبَعُوهَا فَدَخَلُوا الْبَحْرَ وَ غَرِقُوا
Then Musa-as went out with the Children of Israel intending to cross the sea with them, so Allah-azwj Rescued Musa-as and the ones with him-as and Drowned Pharaoh-la and the ones with him-la. When Musa-as came into the sea, Pharaoh-la and his-la army pursued him-as, but Pharaoh-la was scared to enter the sea. Jibraeel-as resembled mares for them while Pharaoh-la was upon a stallion. When the people of Pharaoh-la saw the mares, they pursued these and entered the sea and drowned.
وَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْبَحْرَ فَلَفَظَ فِرْعَوْنَ مَيِّتاً حَتَّى لَا يُظَنَّ أَنَّهُ غَائِبٌ وَ هُوَ حَيٌّ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَمَرَ مُوسَى أَنْ يَرْجِعَ بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَلَمَّا قَطَعَ الْبَحْرَ بِهِمْ مَرَّ عَلى قَوْمٍ يَعْكُفُونَ عَلى أَصْنامٍ لَهُمْ قالُوا يا مُوسَى اجْعَلْ لَنا إِلهاً كَما لَهُمْ آلِهَةٌ قالَ إِنَّكُمْ قَوْمٌ تَجْهَلُونَ
And Allah-azwj Commanded the sea threw Pharaoh-la out as dead until there was not guessing that he-as might be absent and is alive. Then Allah-azwj the Exalted Commanded Musa-as to return the Children of Israel to Syria. When he-as had cut across the sea with them, passed by a people devoting to idols of theirs. They (Musa-as’s people) said: ‘They said, ‘O Musa! Make a god for us just as there is a god for them’. He said, ‘You are an ignorant people [7:138].
ثُمَّ وَرِثَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ دِيَارَهُمْ وَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ فَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَدُورُ عَلَى دُورٍ كَثِيرَةٍ وَ يَدُورُ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ
Then the Children of Israel inherited their houses and their wealth, and it so happened that the man would circle upon the many houses and circle around the women’’.[60]
15- فس، تفسير القمي وَ قالَ الْمَلَأُ مِنْ قَوْمِ فِرْعَوْنَ أَ تَذَرُ مُوسى وَ قَوْمَهُ لِيُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ يَذَرَكَ وَ آلِهَتَكَ قَالَ كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ يَعْبُدُ الْأَصْنَامَ ثُمَّ ادَّعَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الرُّبُوبِيَّةَ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ سَنُقَتِّلُ أَبْناءَهُمْ وَ نَسْتَحْيِي نِساءَهُمْ وَ إِنَّا فَوْقَهُمْ قاهِرُونَ قَوْلُهُ قالُوا أُوذِينا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَأْتِيَنا وَ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جِئْتَنا قَالَ قَالَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِمُوسَى قَدْ أُوذِينَا قَبْلَ مَجِيئِكَ يَا مُوسَى بِقَتْلِ أَوْلَادِنَا وَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جِئْتَنَا لَمَّا حَبَسَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ لِإِيمَانِهِمْ بِمُوسَى فَقَالَ مُوسَى عَسى رَبُّكُمْ أَنْ يُهْلِكَ عَدُوَّكُمْ وَ يَسْتَخْلِفَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ وَ مَعْنَى يَنْظُرُ أَيْ يَرَى كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ فَوَضَعَ النَّظَرَ مَكَانَ الرُّؤْيَةِ وَ قَوْلُهُ وَ لَقَدْ أَخَذْنا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ بِالسِّنِينَ وَ نَقْصٍ مِنَ الثَّمَراتِ يَعْنِي السِّنِينَ الْجَدْبَةَ لَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفَانَ وَ الْجَرَادَ وَ الْقُمَّلَ وَ الضَّفَادِعَ وَ الدَّمَ وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ فَإِذا جاءَتْهُمُ الْحَسَنَةُ قالُوا لَنا هذِهِ قَالَ الْحَسَنَةُ هَاهُنَا الصِّحَّةُ وَ السَّلَامَةُ وَ الْأَمْنُ وَ السَّعَةُ وَ إِنْ تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ قَالَ السَّيِّئَةُ هَاهُنَا الْجُوعُ وَ الْخَوْفُ وَ الْمَرَضُ يَطَّيَّرُوا بِمُوسى وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ أَيْ يَتَشَأَّمُوا بِمُوسَى وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ وَ قالُوا مَهْما تَأْتِنا بِهِ مِنْ آيَةٍ لِتَسْحَرَنا بِها فَما نَحْنُ لَكَ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَ كانُوا قَوْماً مُجْرِمِينَ فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا سَجَدَ السَّحَرَةُ وَ آمَنَ بِهِ النَّاسُ قَالَ هَامَانُ لِفِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ آمَنُوا بِمُوسَى فَانْظُرْ مَنْ دَخَلَ فِي دِينِهِ فَاحْبِسْهُ فَحَبَسَ كُلَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَجَاءَ إِلَيْهِ مُوسَى فَقَالَ لَهُ خَلِّ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ الطُّوفَانَ فَخَرَّبَ دُورَهُمْ وَ مَسَاكِنَهُمْ حَتَّى خَرَجُوا إِلَى الْبَرِّيَّةِ وَ ضَرَبُوا فِيهَا الْخِيَامَ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِمُوسَى ادْعُ رَبَّكَ حَتَّى يَكُفَّ عَنَّا الطُّوفَانَ حَتَّى أُخَلِّيَ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ أَصْحَابِكَ فَدَعَا مُوسَى رَبَّهُ فَكَفَّ عَنْهُمُ الطُّوفَانَ وَ هَمَّ فِرْعَوْنُ أَنْ يُخَلِّيَ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ لَهُ هَامَانُ إِنْ خَلَّيْتَ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ غَلَبَكَ مُوسَى وَ أَزَالَ مُلْكَكَ فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُ وَ لَمْ يُخَلِّ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي السَّنَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ الْجَرَادَ فَجَرَّدَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ كَانَ لَهُمْ مِنَ النَّبْتِ وَ الشَّجَرِ حَتَّى كَانَتْ تُجَرِّدُ شَعْرَهُمْ وَ لِحْيَتَهُمْ فَجَزِعَ فِرْعَوْنُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ جَزَعاً شَدِيداً وَ قَالَ يَا مُوسَى ادْعُ رَبَّكَ أَنْ يَكُفَّ الْجَرَادَ عَنَّا حَتَّى أُخَلِّيَ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ أَصْحَابِكَ فَدَعَا مُوسَى رَبَّهُ فَكَفَّ عَنْهُمُ الْجَرَادَ فَلَمْ يَدَعْهُ هَامَانُ أَنْ يُخَلِّيَ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي السَّنَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ الْقُمَّلَ فَذَهَبَتْ زُرُوعُهُمْ وَ أَصَابَتْهُمُ الْمَجَاعَةُ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِمُوسَى إِنْ رَفَعْتَ عَنَّا الْقُمَّلَ كَفَفْتُ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَدَعَا مُوسَى رَبَّهُ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ الْقُمَّلُ وَ قَالَ أَوَّلَ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ الْقُمَّلَ فِي ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ فَلَمْ يُخَلِّ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الضَّفَادِعَ فَكَانَتْ تَكُونُ فِي طَعَامِهِمْ وَ شَرَابِهِمْ وَ يُقَالُ إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ أَدْبَارِهِمْ وَ آذَانِهِمْ وَ آنَافِهِمْ فَجَزِعُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ جَزَعاً شَدِيداً فَجَاءُوا إِلَى مُوسَى فَقَالُوا ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُذْهِبَ عَنَّا الضَّفَادِعَ فَإِنَّا نُؤْمِنُ بِكَ وَ نُرْسِلُ مَعَكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَدَعَا مُوسَى رَبَّهُ فَرَفَعَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا أَبَوْا أَنْ يُخَلُّوا عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ حَوَّلَ اللَّهُ مَاءَ النِّيلِ دَماً فَكَانَ الْقِبْطِيُّ يَرَاهُ دَماً وَ الْإِسْرَائِيلِيُّ يَرَاهُ مَاءً فَإِذَا شَرِبَهُ الْإِسْرَائِيلِيُّ كَانَ مَاءً وَ إِذَا شَرِبَهُ الْقِبْطِيُّ كَانَ دَماً فَكَانَ الْقِبْطِيُّ يَقُولُ لِلْإِسْرَائِيلِيِّ خُذِ الْمَاءَ فِي فَمِكَ وَ صُبَّهُ فِي فَمِي فَكَانَ إِذَا صَبَّهُ فِي فَمِ الْقِبْطِيِّ تَحَوَّلَ دَماً فَجَزِعُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ جَزَعاً شَدِيداً فَقَالُوا لِمُوسَى لَئِنْ رَفَعَ اللَّهُ عَنَّا الدَّمَ لَنُرْسِلَنَّ مَعَكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَلَمَّا رَفَعَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمُ الدَّمَ غَدَرُوا وَ لَمْ يُخَلُّوا عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الرِّجْزَ وَ هُوَ الثَّلْجُ وَ لَمْ يَرَوْهُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَمَاتُوا فِيهِ وَ جَزِعُوا وَ أَصَابَهُمْ مَا لَمْ يَعْهَدُوهُ قَبْلَهُ فَ قالُوا يا مُوسَى ادْعُ لَنا رَبَّكَ بِما عَهِدَ عِنْدَكَ لَئِنْ كَشَفْتَ عَنَّا الرِّجْزَ لَنُؤْمِنَنَّ لَكَ وَ لَنُرْسِلَنَّ مَعَكَ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ فَكَشَفَ عَنْهُمُ الثَّلْجَ فَخَلَّى عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَلَمَّا خَلَّى عَنْهُمُ اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ خَرَجَ مُوسَى مِنْ مِصْرَ وَ اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ مَنْ كَانَ هَرَبَ مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ بَلَغَ فِرْعَوْنَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ هَامَانُ قَدْ نَهَيْتُكَ أَنْ تُخَلِّيَ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَدِ اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَيْهِ فَجَزِعَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ بَعَثَ فِي الْمَدَائِنِ حَاشِرِينَ وَ خَرَجَ فِي طَلَبِ مُوسَى قَوْلُهُ وَ أَوْرَثْنَا الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ كانُوا يُسْتَضْعَفُونَ يَعْنِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَمَّا أَهْلَكَ اللَّهُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَرِثُوا الْأَرْضَ وَ مَا كَانَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ قَوْلُهُ وَ تَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ يَعْنِي الرَّحْمَةَ بِمُوسَى تَمَّتْ لَهُمْ قَوْلُهُ وَ ما كانُوا يَعْرِشُونَ يَعْنِي الْمَصَانِعَ وَ الْعَرِيشَ وَ الْقُصُورَ
(opinion)[61]
و قال الطبرسي رحمه الله- رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ أَصَابَهُمْ ثَلْجٌ أَحْمَرُ وَ لَمْ يَرَهُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَمَاتُوا فِيهِ وَ جَزِعُوا وَ أَصَابَهُمْ مَا لَمْ يَعْهَدُوهُ قَبْلَهُ
And Al Tabarsee said, ‘It is reported from Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘They were afflicted with red snow, and they had not seen it before that. They died in it, and panicked, and it had afflicted them what they had not come across before it’.
16- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام فِي تِسْعِ آيَاتِ مُوسَى لَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُ فِرْعَوْنَ أَنْ يَكِيدَ مُوسَى فَأَوَّلُ مَا كَادَهُ بِهِ عَمَلُ الصَّرْحِ فَأَمَرَ هَامَانَ بِبِنَائِهِ حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَ فِيهِ خَمْسُونَ أَلْفَ بَنَّاءٍ سِوَى مَنْ يَطْبُخُ الْآجُرَّ وَ يَنْجُرُ الْخَشَبَ وَ الْأَبْوَابَ وَ يَضْرِبُ الْمَسَامِيرَ حَتَّى رَفَعَ بُنْيَاناً لَمْ يَكُنْ مِثْلُهُ مُنْذُ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ الدُّنْيَا وَ كَانَ أَسَاسُهُ عَلَى جَبَلٍ فَزَلْزَلَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَانْهَدَمَ عَلَى عُمَّالِهِ وَ أَهْلِهِ وَ كُلِّ مَنْ كَانَ عَمِلَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْقَهَارِمَةِ وَ الْعُمَّالِ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِمُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنَّكَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّ رَبَّكَ عَدْلٌ لَا يَجُورُ أَ فَعَدْلُهُ الَّذِي أَمَرَ فَاعْتَزِلِ الْآنَ إِلَى عَسْكَرِكَ فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ لَحِقُوا بِالْجِبَالِ وَ الرِّمَالِ فَإِذَا اجْتَمَعُوا تُسْمِعُهُمْ رِسَالَةَ رَبِّكَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَخِّرْهُ وَ دَعْهُ فَإِنَّهُ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُجَنِّدَ لَكَ الْجُنُودَ فَيُقَاتِلَكَ وَ اضْرِبْ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَهُ أَجَلًا وَ ابْرُزْ إِلَى مُعَسْكَرِكَ يَأْمَنُوا بِأَمَانِكَ ثُمَّ ابْنُوا بُنْيَاناً وَ اجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ قِبْلَةً فَضَرَبَ مُوسَى بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً فَأَوْحَى إِلَى مُوسَى أَنَّهُ يَجْمَعُ لَكَ الْجُمُوعَ فَلَا يَهُولَنَّكَ شَأْنُهُ فَإِنِّي أَكْفِيكَ كَيْدَهُ فَخَرَجَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِنْ عِنْدِ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ الْعَصَا مَعَهُ عَلَى حَالِهَا حَيَّةٌ تَتْبَعُهُ وَ تَنْعِقُ وَ تَدُورُ حَوْلَهُ وَ النَّاسُ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ مُتَعَجِّبِينَ وَ قَدْ مُلِئُوا رُعْباً حَتَّى دَخَلَ مُوسَى عَسْكَرَهُ وَ أَخَذَ بِرَأْسِهَا فَإِذَا هِيَ عَصًا وَ جَمَعَ قَوْمَهُ وَ بَنَوْا مَسْجِداً فَلَمَّا مَضَى الْأَجَلُ الَّذِي كَانَ بَيْنَ مُوسَى وَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنِ اضْرِبْ بِعَصَاكَ النِّيلَ وَ كَانُوا يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْهُ فَضَرَبَهُ فَتَحَوَّلَ دَماً عَبِيطاً فَإِذَا وَرَدَهُ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ اسْتَقَوْا مَاءً صَافِياً وَ إِذَا وَرَدَهُ آلُ فِرْعَوْنَ اخْتَضَبَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَ أَسْقِيَتُهُمْ بِالدَّمِ فَجَهَدَهُمُ الْعَطَشُ حَتَّى إِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ مِنْ قَوْمِ فِرْعَوْنَ تَسْتَقِي مِنْ نِسَاءِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَإِذَا سَكَبَتِ الْمَاءَ لِفِرْعَوْنِيَّةٍ تَحَوَّلَ دَماً فَلَبِثُوا فِي ذَلِكَ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً وَ أَشْرَفُوا عَلَى الْمَوْتِ وَ اسْتَغَاثَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ آلُهُ بِمَضْغِ الرَّطْبَةِ فَصُيِّرَ مَاؤُهَا مَالِحاً فَبَعَثَ فِرْعَوْنُ إِلَى مُوسَى ادْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُعِيدُ لَنَا هَذَا الْمَاءَ صَافِياً فَضَرَبَ مُوسَى بِالْعَصَا النِّيلَ فَصَارَ مَاءً خَالِصاً هَذَا قِصَّةُ الدَّمِ وَ أَمَّا قِصَّةُ الضَّفَادِعِ فَإِنَّهُ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى مُوسَى أَنْ يَقُومَ عَلَى شَفِيرِ النِّيلِ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ كُلُّ ضِفْدِعٍ خَلَقَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءِ فَأَقْبَلَتْ تَدِبُّ سِرَاعاً تَؤُمُّ أَبْوَابَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَدَخَلَتْ فِيهَا حَتَّى مَلَأَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ دَارٌ وَ لَا بَيْتٌ وَ لَا إِنَاءٌ إِلَّا امْتَلَأَتْ ضَفَادِعَ وَ لَا طَعَامٌ وَ لَا شَرَابٌ إِلَّا فِيهِ ضَفَادِعُ حَتَّى غَمَّهُمْ ذَلِكَ وَ كَادُوا يَمُوتُونَ فَطَلَبَ فِرْعَوْنُ إِلَى مُوسَى أَنْ يَدْعُوَ رَبَّهُ لِيَكْشِفَ الْبَلَاءَ وَ اعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْخُلْفِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى مُوسَى أَنْ أَسْعِفْهُ فَأَنَافَ مُوسَى بِالْعَصَا فَلَحِقَ جَمِيعُ الضَّفَادِعِ بِالنِّيلِ وَ أَمَّا قِصَّةُ الْجَرَادِ وَ الْقُمَّلِ فَإِنَّهُ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى مُوسَى أَنْ يَنْطَلِقَ إِلَى نَاحِيَةٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَ يُشِيرَ بِالْعَصَا نَحْوَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ أُخْرَى نَحْوَ الْمَغْرِبِ فَانْبَثَقَ الْجَرَادُ مِنَ الْأُفُقَيْنِ جَمِيعاً فَجَاءَ مِثْلُ الْغَمَامِ الْأَسْوَدِ وَ ذَلِكَ فِي زَمَانِ الْحَصَادِ فَمَلَأَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَ عَمَّ الزَّرْعَ فَأَكَلَهُ وَ أَكَلَ خَشَبَ الْبُيُوتِ وَ أَبْوَابَهَا وَ مَسَامِيرَ الْحَدِيدِ وَ الْأَقْفَالَ وَ السَّلَاسِلَ وَ نَكَتَ مُوسَى الْأَرْضَ بِالْعَصَا فَامْتَلَأَتْ قُمَّلًا فَصَارَ وَجْهُ الْأَرْضِ أَسْوَدَ وَ أَحْمَرَ حَتَّى مُلِئَتْ ثِيَابُهُمْ وَ لُحُفُهُمْ وَ آنِيَتُهُمْ فَتَجِيءُ مُتَوَاصِلَةً وَ تَجِيءُ مِنْ رَأْسِ الرَّجُلِ وَ لِحْيَتِهِ وَ تَأْكُلُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ فَلَمَّا رَأَوُا الَّذِي نَزَلَ مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ قَالُوا لَيْسَ مِنْ بَلَاءٍ إِلَّا وَ يُمْكِنُ الصَّبْرُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا الْجُوعُ فَإِنَّهُ بَلَاءٌ فَاضِحٌ لَا صَبْرَ لِأَحَدٍ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَنْتَ صَانِعٌ فَأَرْسَلَ فِرْعَوْنُ إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَجْتَمِعْ لَهُ أَمْرُهُ الَّذِي أَرَادَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى مُوسَى أَنْ لَا يَدَعَ لَهُ حُجَّةً وَ أَنْ يُنْظِرَهُ فَأَشَارَ بِعَصَاهُ فَانْقَشَعَ الْجَرَادُ وَ الْقُمَّلُ مِنْ وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ وَ أَمَّا الطَّمْسُ فَإِنَّ مُوسَى لَمَّا رَأَى آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ لَا يَزِيدُونَ إِلَّا كُفْراً دَعَا مُوسَى عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ رَبَّنا إِنَّكَ آتَيْتَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَأَهُ زِينَةً وَ أَمْوالًا فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا … رَبَّنَا اطْمِسْ عَلى أَمْوالِهِمْ فَطَمَسَ اللَّهُ أَمْوَالَهُمْ حِجَارَةً فَلَمْ يُبْقِ لَهُمْ شَيْئاً مِمَّا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَمْلِكُونَهُ لَا حِنْطَةً وَ لَا شَعِيراً وَ لَا ثَوْباً وَ لَا سِلَاحاً وَ لَا شَيْئاً مِنَ الْأَشْيَاءِ إِلَّا صَارَ حِجَارَةً وَ أَمَّا الطَّاعُونُ فَإِنَّهُ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنِّي مُرْسِلٌ عَلَى أَبْكَارِ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ الطَّاعُونَ فَلَا يَبْقَى بِآلِ فِرْعَوْنَ مِنْ إِنْسَانٍ وَ لَا دَابَّةٍ إِلَّا قَتَلَهُ فَبَشَّرَ مُوسَى قَوْمَهُ بِذَلِكَ فَانْطَلَقَتِ الْعُيُونُ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ بِالْخَبَرِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُ الْخَبَرُ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ قُولُوا لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذَا أَمْسَيْتُمْ فَقَدِّمُوا أَبْكَارَكُمْ وَ قَدِّمُوا أَنْتُمْ أَبْكَارَكُمْ وَ أَقْرِنُوا كُلَّ بِكْرَيْنِ فِي سِلْسِلَةٍ فَإِنَّ الْمَوْتَ يَطْرُقُهُمْ لَيْلًا فَإِذَا وَجَدَهُمْ مُخْتَلِطِينَ لَمْ يَدْرِ بِأَيِّهِمْ يَبْطِشُ فَفَعَلُوا فَلَمَّا جَنَّهُمُ اللَّيْلُ أَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الطَّاعُونَ فَلَمْ يُبْقِ مِنْهُمْ إِنْسَاناً وَ لَا دَابَّةً إِلَّا قَتَلَهُ فَأَصْبَحَ أَبْكَارُ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ جِيَفاً وَ أَبْكَارُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَحْيَاءً سَالِمِينَ فَمَاتَ مِنْهُمْ ثَمَانُونَ أَلْفاً سِوَى الدَّوَابِّ وَ كَانَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ مِنْ أَثَاثِ الدُّنْيَا وَ زَهْرَتِهَا وَ زِينَتِهَا وَ مِنَ الْحُلِيِّ وَ الْحُلَلِ مَا لَا يَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ جَلَّتْ عَظَمَتُهُ إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنِّي مُورِثٌ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مَا فِي أَيْدِي آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ فَقُلْ لِيَسْتَعِيرُوا مِنْهُمُ الْحُلِيَّ وَ الزِّينَةَ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَمْتَنِعُونَ مِنْ خَوْفِالْبَلَاءِ وَ أَعْطَى فِرْعَوْنُ جَمِيعَ زِينَةِ أَهْلِهِ وَ وُلْدِهِ وَ مَا كَانَ فِي خَزَائِنِهِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى مُوسَى بِالْمَسِيرِ بِجَمِيعِ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى كَانَ مِنَ الْغَرَقِ بِفِرْعَوْنَ وَ قَوْمِهِ مَا كَانَ
(Unknown source)[62]
17- فس، تفسير القمي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ الْأَحْوَلِ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: لَمَّا خَافَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ جَبَابِرَتَهَا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ أَنْ تَبَوَّءا لِقَوْمِكُما بِمِصْرَ بُيُوتاً وَ اجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ قِبْلَةً قَالَ أُمِرُوا أَنْ يُصَلُّوا فِي بُيُوتِهِمْ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – Muhammad Bin Ja’far, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Malik, from Abad Bin Yaqoub, from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ja’far Al Ahowl, from Mansour,
‘From Abu Ibrahim-asws (7th Imam-asws) having said: ‘When the Children of Israel feared their tyrants, Allah-azwj Revealed to Musa-as and Haroun-as: “Provide houses for your people in Egypt and make your (own) houses as a Qiblah (Direction) [10:87]. He-asws said: ‘They were instructed to pray Salat in their-as houses’’.[63]
18- فس، تفسير القمي فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ جاوَزْنا بِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ جُنُودُهُ بَغْياً وَ عَدْواً إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَإِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالُوا يَا مُوسَى ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَنَا مِمَّا نَحْنُ فِيهِ فَرَجاً فَدَعَا فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ أَسْرِ بِهِمْ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ الْبَحْرُ أَمَامَهُمْ قَالَ امْضِ فَإِنِّي آمُرُهُ أَنْ يعطيك [يُطِيعَكَ] وَ يَنْفَرِجَ لَكَ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – In a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And We Made the Children of Israel to cross the sea, then Pharaoh and his army pursued them in rivalry and enmity, [10:90] – up to His-azwj Words: and I am from the submitters’ [10:90]. ‘The Children of Israel said, ‘O Musa-as! Supplicate to Allah-azwj to Make for us a relief from what we are in’. He-as supplicated, and Allah-azwj Revealed unto him-as: “I-azwj am Withholding them”. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! But the sea is an important (issue)’. He-azwj Said: “Go, for I-azwj would Command it to obey you-as and to part for you-as”.
فَخَرَجَ مُوسَى بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ اتَّبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ حَتَّى إِذَا كَادَ أَنْ يَلْحَقَهُمْ وَ نَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ قَدْ أَظَلَّهُمْ قَالَ مُوسَى لِلْبَحْرِ انْفَرِجْ لِي
Musa-as brought out the Children of Israel and Pharaoh-la pursued them until when he-la almost met them, and they looked at him-la and he-la had overshadowed them. Musa-as said to the sea: ‘Part for me-as!’
قَالَ مَا كُنْتُ لِأَفْعَلَ وَ قَالَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ لِمُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ غَرَرْتَنَا وَ أَهْلَكْتَنَا فَلَيْتَكَ تَرَكْتَنَا يَسْتَعْبِدُنَا آلُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ لَمْ نَخْرُجِ الْآنَ نُقْتَلْ قَتْلَةً قالَ كَلَّا إِنَّ مَعِي رَبِّي سَيَهْدِينِ
He-asws said: ‘It did not do so, and the Children of Israel said to Musa-as, ‘You-as drowned us and destroyed us! Alas! If only you-as had left us alone to serve the people of Pharaoh-la, and we would not have come out. We will be killed by a (severe) killing’. He-as said: Never! With me-as is my-as Lord-azwj to Guide me-as’.
وَ اشْتَدَّ عَلَى مُوسَى مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ بِهِ عَامَّةُ قَوْمِهِ وَ قَالُوا يَا مُوسَى إِنَّا لَمُدْرَكُونَ زَعَمْتَ أَنَّ الْبَحْرَ يَنْفَرِجُ لَنَا حَتَّى نَمْضِيَ وَ نَذْهَبَ وَ قَدْ رَهِقَنَا فِرْعَوْنُ وَ قَوْمُهُ هُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ نَرَاهُمْ قَدْ دَنَوْا مِنَّا
And it became difficult upon Musa-as what the generality of his-as people did with him-as, and they said, ‘O Musa-as! We have been apprehended, and you-as claimed that the sea would part for us until we move and go away. But, Pharaoh-la and his-la people had burdened us, and they are these ones whom we see to have approached us!’
فَدَعَا مُوسَى رَبَّهُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنِ اضْرِبْ بِعَصاكَ الْبَحْرَ فَضَرَبَهُ فَانْفَلَقَ الْبَحْرُ فَمَضَى مُوسَى وَ أَصْحَابُهُ حَتَّى قَطَعُوا الْبَحْرَ وَ أَدْرَكَهُمْ آلُ فِرْعَوْنَ فَلَمَّا نَزَلُوا إِلَى الْبَحْرِ قَالُوا لِفِرْعَوْنَ مَا تَعْجَبُ مِمَّا تَرَى قَالَ أَنَا فَعَلْتُ فَمُرُّوا وَ امْضُوا فِيهِ فَلَمَّا تَوَسَّطَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْبَحْرَ فَأَطْبَقَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَغَرَّقَهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
Musa-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj, and Allah-azwj Revealed unto him-as: “Strike the sea with your staff!” [26:63]. So he-as struck it, and the sea rent asunder. Musa-as and his-as companions proceeded until they crossed the sea, and the people of Pharaoh-la realised it. When they looked at the sea, they said to Pharaoh-la, ‘How strange is what you-la see?’ He-la said, ‘I-la did this’. So they passed by and went into it. When Pharaoh-la and the ones with him-la were in the middle, Allah-azwj Commanded the sea, and it layered upon them, and they drowned in their entirety.
فَلَمَّا أَدْرَكَ فِرْعَوْنَ الْغَرَقُ قَالَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُوا إِسْرائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ يَقُولُ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْعَاصِينَ فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ
When Pharaoh-la faced the drowning, he said, ‘I believe that there is no god except the One in Whom the Children of Israel believe in, and I am from the submitters’ [10:90]. Allah-azwj Said: Now! And you had disobeyed before and you were from the corrupters! [10:91]. He-azwj is Saying: “You-la were from the disobedient ones, But today We will Rescue you with your body [10:92]’.
قَالَ إِنَّ قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ ذَهَبُوا أَجْمَعِينَ فِي الْبَحْرِ فَلَمْ يُرَ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ هَوَوْا فِي الْبَحْرِ إِلَى النَّارِ وَ أَمَّا فِرْعَوْنُ فَنَبَذَهُ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ فَأَلْقَاهُ بِالسَّاحِلِ لِيَنْظُرُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ لِيَعْرِفُوهُ لِيَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَهُ آيَةً وَ لِئَلَّا يَشُكَّ أَحَدٌ فِي هَلَاكِهِ وَ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا اتَّخَذُوهُ رَبّاً
He-asws said: ‘The people of Pharaoh-la went in their entirety into the sea, and not one of them was seen. They went into the sea, to the Fire (Hell). And as for Pharaoh-la, so Allah-azwj Discarded him-la alone, and he-la was thrown at the coast in order for them to look at him-la and to recognise him-la to become a Sign for the ones after him-la, and lest someone would doubt in his-la destruction, because they had taken him-la as a lord.
فَأَرَاهُمُ اللَّهُ إِيَّاهُ جِيفَةً مُلْقَاةً بِالسَّاحِلِ لِيَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَهُ عِبْرَةً وَ عِظَةً يَقُولُ اللَّهُ وَ إِنَّ كَثِيراً مِنَ النَّاسِ عَنْ آياتِنا لَغافِلُونَ
Therefore, Allah-azwj Showed him-la to them as a carcass having been thrown by the coast, for it to become a lesson and a preaching for the one after him-la. Allah-azwj is Saying: “and surely most of the people are heedless from Our Signs [10:92]”.
وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَا أَتَى جَبْرَئِيلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا كَئِيباً حَزِيناً وَ لَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ مُنْذُ أَهْلَكَ اللَّهُ فِرْعَوْنَ فَلَمَّا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِنُزُولِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ ضَاحِكٌ مُسْتَبْشِرٌ
And Ali Bin Ibrahim said,
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as did not use to come to Rasool-Allah-saww except bleak, gloomy, and he-as did not cease to be like that since Allah-azwj Destroyed Pharaoh-la. When Allah-azwj Commanded him-as with the Revelation of this Verse: Now! And you had disobeyed before and you were from the corrupters! [10:91], he-as descended and he-as was smiling, cheerful.
فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ مَا أَتَيْتَنِي يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ إِلَّا وَ تَبَيَّنَتِ الْحُزْنُ فِي وَجْهِكَ حَتَّى السَّاعَةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ لَمَّا غَرَّقَ اللَّهُ فِرْعَوْنَ قالَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُوا إِسْرائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَأَخَذْتُ حَمْأَةً فَوَضَعْتُهَا فِي فِيهِ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ لَهُ آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
Rasool-Allah-saww said to him-as: ‘O Jibraeel-as! You-as did not come to me-saww except, and the grief was manifested in your-as face until now?’ He-as said: ‘Yes, O Muhammad-saww! When Allah-azwj Drowned Pharaoh-la, he said, ‘I believe that there is no god except the One in Whom the Children of Israel believe in, and I am from the submitters’ [10:90]. So, I-as took stinky black mud and placed it in his-la mouth, then I-as said to him-la: ‘Now! And you had disobeyed before and you were from the corrupters! [10:91].
وَ عَمِلْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ خِفْتُ أَنْ يَلْحَقَهُ الرَّحْمَةُ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ يُعَذِّبَنِي عَلَى مَا فَعَلْتُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْآنَ وَ أَمَرَنِي اللَّهُ أَنْ أُؤَدِّيَ إِلَيْكَ مَا قُلْتُهُ أَنَا لِ فِرْعَوْنَ أَمِنْتُ وَ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ لِلَّهِ رِضًا
And I-as had done that from without there being a Command from Allah-azwj. I-as feared that (perhaps) the Mercy from Allah-azwj would be Shown to him-la, and He-azwj would Punish me-as on what I-as had done. So when it was now, and Allah-azwj Commanded me-as to entrust to you-as what I-as had said to Pharaoh-la, I-as feel secure and know that, that was a Pleasure of Allah-azwj’’.
قَوْلُهُ فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ فَإِنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَخْبَرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ غَرَّقَ فِرْعَوْنَ فَلَمْ يُصَدِّقُوهُ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْبَحْرَ فَلَفَظَ بِهِ عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ حَتَّى رَأَوْهُ مَيِّتاً
And he-asws said as well regarding the Words of the Exalted: But today We will Rescue you with your body [10:92]: ‘Musa-as informed the Children of Israel that Allah-azwj had Drowned Pharaoh-la, but they did not ratify him-as. Allah-azwj Commanded the sea, so it spurted him-la upon the coast of the sea until they saw him-la as dead’’.[64]
19- طب، طب الأئمة عليهم السلام عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بِسْطَامَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ مِنْ وُلْدِ مِيثَمٍ التَّمَّارِ عَنِ الْأَئِمَّةِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُمْ وَصَفُوا هَذَا الدَّوَاءَ لِأَوْلِيَائِهِمْ وَ هُوَ الدَّوَاءُ الَّذِي يُسَمَّى الشَّافِيَةَ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ نَزَلَ بِهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حِينَ أَرَادَ فِرْعَوْنُ أَنْ يَسُمَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَجَعَلَ لَهُمْ عِيداً فِي يَوْمِ الْأَحَدِ وَ قَدْ تَهَيَّأَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ اتَّخَذَ لَهُمْ طَعَاماً كَثِيراً وَ نَصَبَ مَوَائِدَ كَثِيرَةً وَ جَعَلَ السَّمَّ فِي الْأَطْعِمَةِ
Abdullah Bin Bastam, from Ibrahim Bin al Nazar from the children of Maysam Al Tammar,
‘From the Imams-asws, they-asws described this medication for their-asws friends and it is the medication which is called ‘Al-Shafiya’ – and he continued the Hadeeth until he-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as descended with it unto Musa-as Bin Imran-as when Pharaoh-la intended to poison the Children of Israel, so he-la made a festival to be for them on the day of Sunday. And Pharaoh-la had prepared and taken a lot of food for them and installed many tables, and made the poison to be in the meal.
وَ خَرَجَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ هُمْ سِتُّمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ فَوَقَفَ لَهُمْ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عِنْدَ الْمَضِيفِ فَرَدَّ النِّسَاءَ وَ الْوِلْدَانَ وَ أَوْصَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ لَا تَأْكُلُوا مِنْ طَعَامِهِمْ وَ لَا تَشْرَبُوا مِنْ شَرَابِهِمْ حَتَّى أَعُودَ إِلَيْكُمْ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ يَسْقِيهِمْ مِنْ هَذَا الدَّوَاءِ مِقْدَارَ مَا تَحْمِلُهُ رَأْسُ الْإِبْرَةِ وَ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُمْ يُخَالِفُونَ أَمْرَهُ وَ يَقَعُونَ فِي طَعَامِ فِرْعَوْنَ
And Musa-as went out with the Children of Israel, and they were six hundred thousand. Musa-as paused with them by the host, and returned the women and the children and advise the Children of Israel and said, ‘Do not eat from their food nor drink from their drinks until I-as return to you all’. Then he-as faced towards the people quenching them from this medication a measurement of what can be carried by the head of the needle, and he-as knew that they would be opposing his-as orders and be falling into the food of Pharaoh-la.
ثُمَّ زَحَفَ وَ زَحَفُوا مَعَهُ- فَلَمَّا نَظَرُوا إِلَى نَصْبِ الْمَوَائِدِ أَسْرَعُوا إِلَى الطَّعَامِ وَ وَضَعُوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ فِيهِ وَ مِنْ قَبْلُ نَادَى فِرْعَوْنُ مُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ وَ يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ وَ مِنْ كُلِّ خِيَارِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ وَجَّهَهُمْ إِلَى مَائِدَةٍ لَهُمْ خَاصَّةً وَ قَالَ إِنِّي عَزَمْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي أَنْ لَا يَلِيَ خِدْمَتَكُمْ وَ بِرَّكُمْ غَيْرِي أَوْ كُبَرَاءُ أَهْلِ مَمْلَكَتِي
Then he-as advanced and they advanced with him-as. When they looked at the meals set-up, they hastened to the food and placed their hands in it, and from before Pharaoh-la had called out at Musa-as and Haroun-as, and Yoshua Bin Noun-as and from all good ones of the Children of Israel, and diverted them to his-as table for them in particular, and said, ‘I-la determined upon myself-la, that no one should serve you all and be good to you apart from me-la or the prestigious ones of my-la kingdom’.
فَأَكَلُوا حَتَّى تَمَلَّوْا مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَ جَعَلَ فِرْعَوْنُ يُعِيدُ السَّمَّ مَرَّةً بَعْدَ أُخْرَى فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا مِنَ الطَّعَامِ خَرَجَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ وَ قَالَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّا تَرَكْنَا النِّسَاءَ وَ الصِّبْيَانَ خَلْفَنَا وَ إِنَّا نَنْتَظِرُهُمْ
They ate until they were filled from the food, and Pharaoh-la went on to add the poison time and again. When they were free from the meal, Musa-as and his-as companions went out and said to Pharaoh-la, ‘We left out womenfolk and children behind us and we shall await them’.
قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ إِذًا يُعَادُ لَهُمُ الطَّعَامُ وَ نُكْرِمُهُمْ كَمَا أَكْرَمْنَا مَنْ مَعَكَ فَتَوَافَوْا وَ أَطْعَمَهُمْ كَمَا أَطْعَمَ أَصْحَابَهُمْ
Pharaoh-la said: ‘Then the meal would be placed for them and we shall honour them just as we have honoured the ones with you-as, therefore I-la shall tarry and feed them just as I-la fed their companions’.
وَ خَرَجَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِلَى الْعَسْكَرِ فَأَقْبَلَ فِرْعَوْنُ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّ مُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ سَحَرَا بِنَا وَ أَرَيَانَا بِالسِّحْرِ أَنَّهُمْ يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْ طَعَامِنَا وَ لَمْ يَأْكُلُوا مِنْ طَعَامِنَا شَيْئاً وَ قَدْ خَرَجَا وَ ذَهَبَ السِّحْرُ فَاجْمَعُوا مَنْ قَدَرْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ الْبَاقِي يَوْمَهُمْ هَذَا وَ مِنَ الْغَدِ لكيلا [لِكَيْ] يَتَفَانَوْا
And Musa-as went out to the soldiers, and Pharaoh-la turned towards his-la companions and said to them, ‘You all claim that Musa-as and Haroun-as cast a spell on us and showed us sorcery that they are eating from our meal and (although) they did not eat anything from our meal, and they are going out from us and the sorcery is gone. Gather from your abilities upon it upon the remainder of the food of this day of yours and from the morning lest it may perish’.
فَفَعَلُوا وَ قَدْ كَانَ أَمَرَ فِرْعَوْنُ أَنْ يُتَّخَذَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ خَاصَّةً طَعَامٌ لَا سَمَّ فِيهِ فَجَمَعَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَكَلَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ تَرَكَ فَكُلُّ مَنْ طَعِمَ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ تَفَسَّخَ فَهَلَكَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ فِرْعَوْنَ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ ذَكَرٍ وَ مِائَةٌ وَ سِتُّونَ أَلْفَ أُنْثَى سِوَى الدَّوَابِّ وَ الْكِلَابِ وَ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ فَتَعَجَّبَ هُوَ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ
They did so, and Pharaoh-la had ordered that he-la would take special food for his-la companions, there being no poison in it. They gathered to him-la, and from them was one who ate and from them was one who left. So, each one who fed from his-la food, it rotted (inside them), and from the companions of Pharaoh-la, seventy thousand males and one hundred and sixty thousand females died, besides the animals and the dogs and other than that. He-la and his-la companions were astonished’’.[65]
20- فس، تفسير القمي أَ وَ مَنْ يُنَشَّؤُا فِي الْحِلْيَةِ أَيْ يُنَشَّأُ فِي الذَّهَبِ وَ هُوَ فِي الْخِصامِ غَيْرُ مُبِينٍ قَالَ إِنَّ مُوسَى أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْقُوَّةِ أَنْ رَأَى فِرْعَوْنُ صُورَتَهُ عَلَى فَرَسٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ رَطْبٍ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ رَطْبٍ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ أَ وَ مَنْ يُنَشَّؤُا فِي الْحِلْيَةِ أَيْ يُنَشَّأُ بِالذَّهَبِ وَ هُوَ فِي الْخِصامِ غَيْرُ مُبِينٍ قَالَ لَا يُبَيِّنُ الْكَلَامَ وَ لَا يَتَبَيَّنُ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَ لَوْ كَانَ نَبِيّاً لَكَانَ خِلَافَ النَّاسِ
(opinion)[66]
21- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: لَمَّا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُوسَى إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ أَتَى بَابَهُ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لَهُ فَضَرَبَ بِعَصَاهُ الْبَابَ فَاصْطَكَّتِ الْأَبْوَابُ مُفَتَّحَةً ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Ibn Fazal, from Aban Bin Usman,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘When Allah-azwj Sent Musa-as to Pharaoh-la, he-as came to his-la door. He-as sought permission to enter, but he-la did not permit him-as. So he-as struck the door with his-as staff, and the doors collided and opened. Then he-as came up to Pharaoh-la.
فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ رَسُولٌ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَ سَأَلَهُ أَنْ يُرْسِلَ مَعَهُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ لَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ أَ لَمْ نُرَبِّكَ فِينا وَلِيداً وَ لَبِثْتَ فِينا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ سِنِينَ وَ فَعَلْتَ فَعْلَتَكَ الَّتِي فَعَلْتَ أَيْ قَتَلْتَ الرَّجُلَ وَ أَنْتَ مِنَ الْكافِرِينَ يَعْنِي كَفَرْتَ نِعْمَتِي
He-as informed him-la that he-as was a Rasool of Allah-azwj, and asked him-la that he-la should send the Children of Israel with him-as. Pharaoh-la said to him-as: (Pharaoh) said: ‘Did we not nourish you among us as a child, and you remained among us from your life-time, (many) years? [26:18] And you did that deed of yours which you did, – i.e., having killed the man, and you are from the ungrateful ones’ [26:19], meaning ‘being ungrateful of my-la favours’.
فَقَالَ مُوسَى كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ فَعَلْتُها إِذاً وَ أَنَا مِنَ الضَّالِّينَ فَفَرَرْتُ مِنْكُمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ أَنْ عَبَّدْتَ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ
Musa-as said just as Allah-azwj has Related: He said: ‘I did it then when I was from the straying ones [26:20] So I fled from you when I feared you – up to the Words of the Exalted: you have enslaved the children of Israel?’ [26:22]’.
فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ ما رَبُّ الْعالَمِينَ وَ إِنَّمَا سَأَلَهُ عَنْ كَيْفِيَّةِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ مُوسَى رَبُّ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ ما بَيْنَهُمَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُوقِنِينَ
Pharaoh said, ‘And what is the ‘Lord of the Worlds’?’ [26:23]. But rather, he-la asked him-as about the Qualitative State of Allah-azwj. So Musa-as said: He (Musa) said: ‘Lord of the skies and the earth and what is between the two, if you would be certain’ [26:24].
فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ مُتَعَجِّباً لِأَصْحَابِهِ أَ لا تَسْتَمِعُونَ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الْكَيْفِيَّةِ فَيُجِيبُنِي عَنِ الْخَلْقِ فَقَالَ مُوسَى رَبُّكُمْ وَ رَبُّ آبائِكُمُ الْأَوَّلِينَ
Pharaoh-la said – in astonishment – to his-la companions, Are you all not listening? [26:25]. I-la asked him-as about the Qualitative State, and he-as answers me about the Attributes?’ Therefore, Musa-as said: ‘Your Lord and the Lord of your forefathers, the former ones!’ [26:26].
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِمُوسَى لَئِنِ اتَّخَذْتَ إِلهَاً غَيْرِي لَأَجْعَلَنَّكَ مِنَ الْمَسْجُونِينَ
Then he-la said to Musa-as, ‘(Pharaoh) said, ‘If you were to take a god apart from me, I will make you to be from the prisoners’ [26:29]’.
قالَ مُوسَى أَ وَ لَوْ جِئْتُكَ بِشَيْءٍ مُبِينٍ قالَ فِرْعَوْنُ فَأْتِ بِهِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ فَأَلْقى عَصاهُ فَإِذا هِيَ ثُعْبانٌ مُبِينٌ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ جُلَسَاءِ فِرْعَوْنَ إِلَّا هَرَبَ وَ دَخَلَ فِرْعَوْنَ مِنَ الرُّعْبِ مَا لَمْ يَمْلِكْ نَفْسَهُ
He (Musa) said: ‘Or shall I come to you with something clearer?’ [26:30] (Pharaoh) Said, ‘Come with it then, if you are of the truthful ones’ [26:31] So he cast his staff, and behold, it was an clear serpent [26:32]. There did not remain anyone from those who were gathered around Pharaoh-la, except that he fled. And terror entered into Pharaoh-la and he-la was not in control of himself-la.
فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ يَا مُوسَى أَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ وَ الرَّضَاعَ إِلَّا مَا كَفَفْتَهَا عَنِّي فَكَفَّهَا ثُمَ نَزَعَ يَدَهُ فَإِذا هِيَ بَيْضاءُ لِلنَّاظِرِينَ
Pharaoh-la said, ‘We adjure you-as by Allah-azwj and by the nurturing (that we nurtured you-as with), restrain it from me!’ He-as restrained it. And he drew forth his hand, and behold, it was (brilliantly) white to the onlookers [26:33].
فَلَمَّا أَخَذَ مُوسَى الْعَصَا رَجَعَتْ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ نَفْسُهُ وَ هَمَّ بِتَصْدِيقِهِ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ هَامَانُ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَيْنَمَا أَنْتَ إِلَهٌ تُعْبَدُ إِذْ صِرْتَ تَابِعاً لِعَبْدٍ
When Musa-as grabbed back the staff, Pharaoh-la regained control of himself-la, and they (people) ratified him-as. Haman stood up to him-la and said, ‘While you-la are a god being worshipped, then you-la have become obedient to a servant!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِلْمَلَإِ الَّذِي حَوْلَهُ إِنَّ هذا لَساحِرٌ عَلِيمٌ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَكُمْ مِنْ أَرْضِكُمْ بِسِحْرِهِ فَما ذا تَأْمُرُونَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ لِمِيقاتِ يَوْمٍ مَعْلُومٍ
Then, He (Pharaoh) said to the chiefs around him, ‘Surely this one is a very knowledgeable sorcerer [26:34] Intending to throw you out from your land by his sorcery, so what is that you are instructing?’ [26:35] – up to His-azwj Words: for an appointment on a known day [26:38].
وَ كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ هَامَانُ قَدْ تَعَلَّمَا السِّحْرَ وَ إِنَّمَا غَلَبَا النَّاسَ بِالسِّحْرِ وَ ادَّعَى فِرْعَوْنُ الرُّبُوبِيَّةَ بِالسِّحْرِ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ بَعَثَ فِي الْمَدَائِنِ حَاشِرِينَ مَدَائِنِ مِصْرَ كُلِّهَا وَ جَمَعُوا أَلْفَ سَاحِرٍ وَ اخْتَارُوا مِنَ الْأَلْفِ مِائَةً وَ مِنَ الْمِائَةِ ثَمَانِينَ
And Pharaoh-la and Haman had learnt the sorcery, but rather they had overcome the people with the sorcery. And Pharaoh-la had claimed the lordship with the sorcery. So, when it was the morning, he-la sent collectors in the cities, all of the cities of Egypt, and gathered together a thousand magicians, who had been chosen from a hundred thousand, and from the hundred, they chose eighty.
فَقَالَ السَّحَرَةُ لِفِرْعَوْنَ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي الدُّنْيَا أَسْحَرُ مِنَّا فَإِنْ غَلَبْنَا مُوسَى فَمَا يَكُونُ لَنَا عِنْدَكَ قَالَ إِنَّكُمْ إِذاً لَمِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ عِنْدِي أُشَارِكُكُمْ فِي مُلْكِي
The magicians said to Pharaoh-la, ‘You-la very well know that there are no magicians in the world who are better than us, so if we were to overcome Musa-as, what would be for us, from you-la?’ He-la said: He said, ‘Yes, and you will then be from the ones of proximity’ [26:42], I-la shall share with you all from my-la kingdom’.
قَالُوا فَإِنْ غَلَبَنَا مُوسَى وَ أَبْطَلَ سِحْرَنَا عَلِمْنَا أَنَّ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ لَيْسَ مِنْ قِبَلِ السِّحْرِ وَ لَا مِنْ قِبَلِ الْحِيلَةِ آمَنَّا بِهِ وَ صَدَّقْنَا فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ إِنْ غَلَبَكُمْ مُوسَى صَدَّقْتُهُ أَنَا أَيْضاً مَعَكُمْ وَ لَكِنْ أَجْمِعُوا كَيْدَكُمْ أَيْ حِيلَتَكُمْ
They said, ‘But if Musa-as were to overcome us, and invalidate our magic, we would know that what he-as has come with, isn’t from an aspect of sorcery, nor would there be any excuse before it, and we would believe in him-as, and ratify him-as’. Pharaoh-la said, ‘If Musa-as were to overcome you, I-la would also ratify him-as along with you all, but form a consensus on your plans, i.e., your tricks’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ مَوْعِدُهُمْ يَوْمَ عِيدٍ لَهُمْ فَلَمَّا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ جَمَعَ فِرْعَوْنُ الْخَلْقَ وَ السَّحَرَةَ وَ كَانَتْ لَهُ قُبَّةٌ طُولُهَا فِي السَّمَاءِ ثَمَانُونَ ذِرَاعاً وَ قَدْ كَانَتْ لُبِسَتِ الْحَدِيدَ الْفُولَادَ وَ كَانَتْ إِذَا وَقَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَيْهَا لَمْ يَقْدِرْ أَحَدٌ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ لَمْعِ الْحَدِيدِ وَ وَهَجِ الشَّمْسِ- وَ جَاءَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ هَامَانُ وَ قَعَدَا عَلَيْهَا يَنْظُرَانِ
And the day came which had been promised to them (for the contest). When the day rose, Pharaoh-la gathered the people, and the magicians, and he-la had for himself-la a tall dome, the length of eighty cubits, which had been covered with iron and polished steel. And whenever the sun shone upon it, it was not possible for anyone to be able to look towards it, due to the reflection of the iron from the brightness of the sun. Pharaoh-la and Haman came up and sat upon it, overlooking everything.
وَ أَقْبَلَ مُوسَى يَنْظُرُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَتِ السَّحَرَةُ لِفِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّا نَرَى رَجُلًا يَنْظُرُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ لَمْ يَبْلُغْ سِحْرُنَا السَّمَاءَ وَ ضَمِنَتِ السَّحَرَةُ مَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ
And Musa-as came up and looked at the sky. The magicians said to Pharaoh-la, ‘We see a man who is looking at the sky, and our magic does not reach to the sky, and we can only ensure the magic upon the ones in the earth’.
فَقَالُوا لِمُوسَى إِمَّا أَنْ تُلْقِيَ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ نَكُونَ نَحْنُ الْمُلْقِينَ قالَ لَهُمْ مُوسى أَلْقُوا ما أَنْتُمْ مُلْقُونَ فَأَلْقَوْا حِبالَهُمْ وَ عِصِيَّهُمْ فَأَقْبَلَتْ تَضْطَرِبُ مِثْلَ الْحَيَّاتِ وَ هَاجَتْ فَقَالُوا بِعِزَّةِ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الْغالِبُونَ
They said to Musa-as: ‘O Musa! Either you cast or we would be the casting ones’ [7:115]. Musa-as said to them Musa said to them: Cast what you are going to be casting [26:43] So they cast down their ropes and their sticks and these appeared to shake, and move like the excited snakes, and they said ‘By the Might of Pharaoh, surely for us would be the overcoming!’ [26:44].
فَأَوْجَسَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً مُوسى فَنُودِيَ لا تَخَفْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْأَعْلى وَ أَلْقِ ما فِي يَمِينِكَ تَلْقَفْ ما صَنَعُوا إِنَّما صَنَعُوا كَيْدُ ساحِرٍ وَ لا يُفْلِحُ السَّاحِرُ حَيْثُ أَتى
Musa-as felt fear within himself-as, so We-azwj Called out Fear not, surely you shall be the uppermost [20:68] And cast what is in your right hand, it shall devour what they made up! But rather, they are making an illusion of a magician, and the magician will not succeed wherever he comes from” [20:69]
فَأَلْقَى مُوسَى الْعَصَا فَذَابَتْ فِي الْأَرْضِ مِثْلَ الرَّصَاصِ ثُمَّ طَلَعَ رَأْسُهَا وَ فَتَحَتْ فَاهَا وَ وَضَعَتْ شِدْقَهَا الْعُلْيَا عَلَى رَأْسِ قُبَّةِ فِرْعَوْنَ ثُمَّ دَارَتْ وَ الْتَقَمَتْ عِصِىَّ السَّحَرَةِ وَ حِبَالَهَا وَ غَلَبَ كُلَّهُمْ وَ انْهَزَمَ النَّاسُ حِينَ رَأَوْهَا وَ عِظَمَهَا وَ هَوْلَهَا مِمَّا لَمْ تَرَ الْعَيْنُ وَ لَا وَصَفَ الْوَاصِفُونَ مِثْلَهُ قَبْلُ
Then Musa-as casted his-as staff, so it melted into the ground like the lead, then emerged its head, and opened its mouth, and placed its jaw on the top of the dome of Pharaoh-la. Then it lowered itself, and it swallowed up all of the sticks and ropes of the magicians. And the defeated people, when they saw it, they magnified it, for the eyes had never seen the like of it before, nor had any description of the describers had every described it before.
فَقُتِلَ فِي الْهَزِيمَةِ مِنْ وَطْءِ النَّاسِ بَعْضِهُمْ بَعْضاً عَشَرَةُ آلَافِ رَجُلٍ وَ امْرَأَةٍ وَ صَبِيٍّ وَ دَارَتْ عَلَى قُبَّةِ فِرْعَوْنَ قَالَ فَأَحْدَثَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ هَامَانُ فِي ثِيَابِهِمَا وَ شَابَ رَأْسُهُمَا وَ غُشِيَ عَلَيْهِمَا مِنَ الْفَزَعِ
There was a stampede from the people, which killed four thousand men and women and children. And it turned towards the dome of Pharaoh-la – and Pharaoh-la and Haman had wetted their clothes, and had been overwhelmed from the panic.
وَ مَرَّ مُوسَى فِي الْهَزِيمَةِ مَعَ النَّاسِ فَنَادَاهُ اللَّهُ خُذْها وَ لا تَخَفْ سَنُعِيدُها سِيرَتَهَا الْأُولى فَرَجَعَ مُوسَى وَ لَفَّ عَلَى يَدِهِ عَبَاءَةً كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِي فَمِهَا فَإِذَا هِيَ عَصًا كَمَا كَانَتْ وَ كَانَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ فَأُلْقِيَ السَّحَرَةُ ساجِدِينَ لَمَّا رَأَوْا ذَلِكَ قالُوا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ رَبِّ مُوسى وَ هارُونَ
And Musa-as passed by among the defeated ones with the people. Allah-azwj Called out to him-as: He said: “Grab it and do not fear. We will Restore it to its former state [20:21]. Musa-as returned, and wrapped his-as cloak upon it and grabbed it, and it returned to its state as a staff that it used to be. It was as Allah-azwj Said: And the magicians fell down in Sajdah (to Allah) [26:46]. When they saw that, They said, ‘We believe in the Lord of the Worlds! [26:47] Lord of Musa and Haroun!’ [26:48].
فَغَضِبَ فِرْعَوْنُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ غَضَباً شَدِيداً وَ قالَ آمَنْتُمْ لَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ آذَنَ لَكُمْ إِنَّهُ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ يَعْنِي مُوسَى الَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ السِّحْرَ فَلَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَ أَرْجُلَكُمْ مِنْ خِلافٍ ثُمَ لَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
Pharaoh-la got angry due to that, with an intense anger, and said, (Pharaoh) said, ‘You are believing in him before I gave the permission for you? He is your elder – Meaning Musa-as, who taught you the magic, so you shall soon be knowing, for I will cut off your hands and your legs on opposite sides, and I will crucify you all’ [26:49].
فَقَالُوا لَهُ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ لا ضَيْرَ إِنَّا إِلى رَبِّنا مُنْقَلِبُونَ إِنَّا نَطْمَعُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَنا رَبُّنا خَطايانا أَنْ كُنَّا أَوَّلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
They said as Allah-azwj has Related: They said, ‘No harm! We are returning to our Lord [26:50] We hope that our Lord will Forgive our mistakes for us, as we have become the first of the Momineen’ [26:51].
فَحَبَسَ فِرْعَوْنُ مَنْ آمَنَ بِمُوسَى فِي السِّجْنِ حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفانَ وَ الْجَرادَ وَ الْقُمَّلَ وَ الضَّفادِعَ وَ الدَّمَ فَأَطْلَقَ عَنْهُمْ
Pharaoh-la withheld the ones who expressed their belief in Musa-as in the prison, until Allah-azwj Sent down upon them the flood, and the locusts, and the lice, and the frogs, and the blood. Then he-la freed them.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى أَنْ أَسْرِ بِعِبادِي إِنَّكُمْ مُتَّبَعُونَ فَخَرَجَ مُوسَى بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لِيَقْطَعَ بِهِمُ الْبَحْرَ وَ جَمَعَ فِرْعَوْنُ أَصْحَابَهُ وَ بَعَثَ فِي الْمَدَائِنِ حَاشِرِينَ وَ حَشَرَ النَّاسَ وَ قَدَّمَ مُقَدِّمَتَهُ فِي سِتِّمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ وَ رَكِبَ هُوَ فِي أَلْفِ أَلْفٍ وَ خَرَجَ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَأَخْرَجْناهُمْ مِنْ جَنَّاتٍ وَ عُيُونٍ وَ كُنُوزٍ وَ مَقامٍ كَرِيمٍ كَذلِكَ وَ أَوْرَثْناها بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ
Then Allah-azwj Revealed unto Musa-as: “Travel secretly with My servants. You will be pursued” [26:52]. So Musa-as went out with the Children of Israel, and they were cut-off by the sea, and Pharaoh-la gathered his-la companions, and sent collectors into the city, and mobilised the people. Six hundred thousand presented themselves and he-la rode among thousands upon thousands, and went out, just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Related: But (instead), We Turned them out from gardens and springs [26:57] And treasures and honourable places [26:58] Like that We Made the Children of Israel to inherit these [26:59].
فَأَتْبَعُوهُمْ مُشْرِقِينَ فَلَمَّا قَرُبَ مُوسَى مِنَ الْبَحْرِ وَ قَرُبَ فِرْعَوْنُ مِنْ مُوسَى قالَ أَصْحابُ مُوسى إِنَّا لَمُدْرَكُونَ فَ قالَ مُوسَى كَلَّا إِنَّ مَعِي رَبِّي سَيَهْدِينِ أَيْ سَيُنْجِينِ
So they pursued them at daylight [26:60]. When Musa-as came near to the sea, and Pharaoh-la came closer to Musa-as, the companions of Musa said, ‘We are being overtaken’ [26:61]. Musa-as said: He said: ‘Never! Surely My Lord is with me. He will be Guiding me [26:62], i.e. Rescuing me-as.
فَدَنَا مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ فَقَالَ لَهُ انْفَرِقْ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْبَحْرُ اسْتَكْبَرْتُ يَا مُوسَى أَنْ أَنْفَرِقَ لَكَ وَ لَمْ أَعْصِ اللَّهَ طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ وَ قَدْ كَانَ فِيكُمُ الْمَعَاصِي فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى فَاحْذَرْ أَنْ تَعْصِيَ وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ آدَمَ أُخْرِجَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ بِمَعْصِيَةٍ وَ إِنَّمَا لُعِنَ إِبْلِيسُ بِمَعْصِيَةٍ فَقَالَ الْبَحْرُ عَظِيمٌ رَبِّي مُطَاعٌ أَمْرُهُ وَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِشَيْءٍ أَنْ يَعْصِيَهُ
Musa-as came near to the sea and said to it: ‘Split apart!’ The sea said to him-as, ‘Are you-as being arrogant, O Musa-as that I should split apart for you-as and I have not disobeyed Allah-azwj even for the blink of an eye, and among you all are the disobedient ones?’ Musa-as said to it: ‘Beware of disobeying, and you have known that Adam-as was expelled from the Paradise due to disobedience, and rather Iblees-la was Cursed due to disobedience’. The sea said, ‘My Lord-azwj is Magnificent. His-azwj Command is obeyed, and it is not befitting for anything that it disobeys Him-azwj’.
فَقَامَ يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ فَقَالَ لِمُوسَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا أَمَرَكَ رَبُّكَ فَقَالَ بِعُبُورِ الْبَحْرِ فَأَقْحَمَ يُوشَعٌ فَرَسَهُ الْمَاءَ وَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى أَنِ اضْرِبْ بِعَصاكَ الْبَحْرَ فَضَرَبَهُ فَانْفَلَقَ فَكانَ كُلُّ فِرْقٍ كَالطَّوْدِ الْعَظِيمِ أَيْ كَالْجَبَلِ الْعَظِيمِ فَضُرِبَ لَهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ طَرِيقاً فَأَخَذَ كُلُّ سِبْطٍ فِي طَرِيقٍ
Yoshua Bin Noon-as stood up and said to Musa-as: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What is the Command of your-as Lord-azwj?’ He-as said: ‘To cross over the sea’. Yoshua-as entered his-as horse into the water, So We Revealed unto Musa: “Strike the sea with your staff!” So it parted, and each part was like a huge mountain [26:63]. Twelve pathways appeared for him-as in the sea, and each tribe from them took to one of it.
فَكَانَ الْمَاءُ قَدِ ارْتَفَعَ وَ بَقِيَتِ الْأَرْضُ يَابِسَةً طَلَعَتْ فِيهَا الشَّمْسُ فَيَبِسَتْ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَاضْرِبْ لَهُمْ طَرِيقاً فِي الْبَحْرِ يَبَساً لا تَخافُ دَرَكاً وَ لا تَخْشى وَ دَخَلَ مُوسَى وَ أَصْحَابُهُ الْبَحْرَ وَ كَانَ أَصْحَابُهُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ سِبْطاً فَضَرَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ فِي الْبَحْرِ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ طَرِيقاً فَأَخَذَ كُلُّ سِبْطٍ فِي طَرِيقٍ
The water had risen and the ground remained dry, the sun emerging in it and having dried it, just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: and strike a dry pathway or them in the sea. Do not fear of being overtaken, nor be scared” [20:77]. Musa-as and his-as companions entered the sea. And his-as companions were of twelve tribes, so Allah-azwj Struck twelve pathways for them in the sea, and every tribe took to one pathway.
وَ كَانَ الْمَاءُ قَدِ ارْتَفَعَ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ مِثْلَ الْجِبَالِ فَجَزِعَتِ الْفِرْقَةُ الَّتِي كَانَتْ مَعَ مُوسَى فِي طَرِيقِهِ فَقَالُوا يَا مُوسَى أَيْنَ إِخْوَانُنَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مَعَكُمْ فِي الْبَحْرِ فَلَمْ يُصَدِّقُوهُ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْبَحْرَ فَصَارَتْ طَاقَاتٍ حَتَّى كَانَ يَنْظُرُ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ وَ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ
And the water was higher than their heads like the mountains. A tribe who was with Musa-as panicked in its pathway and said, ‘O Musa-as! Where are our brothers?’ He-as said to them: ‘With you in the sea’. They refused to ratify him-as, so Allah-azwj Commanded the sea that it should become such that they could see and talk to each other.
وَ أَقْبَلَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ جُنُودُهُ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى الْبَحْرِ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ أَ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلَى قَدْ فُرِّجَ لِيَ الْبَحْرُ فَلَمْ يَجْسُرْ أَحَدٌ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْبَحْرَ وَ امْتَنَعَتِ الْخَيْلُ مِنْهُ لِهَوْلِ الْمَاءِ فَتَقَحَّمَ فِرْعَوْنُ حَتَّى جَاءَ إِلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُنَجِّمُهُ لَا تَدْخُلِ الْبَحْرَ وَ عَارَضَهُ فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ مِنْهُ وَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى فَرَسٍ حِصَانٍ فَامْتَنَعَ الْفَرَسُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْمَاءَ
And Pharaoh-la and his-la army came, and when they ended up to the sea, he-la said to his-la companions, ‘Are you all not knowing that I-la am your highest lord (and) and sea has split apart for me-la?’ But no one had the courage to enter the sea and the horses refused from it due to the terror of the water. Pharaoh-la thrusted forward until he-as came to the coast of the sea. His-la astrologer said to him-la, ‘Do not enter the sea and turn away from it’. But, he-la did not accept from him and came upon galloping. But the horse refused to enter the water.
فَعَطَفَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ هُوَ عَلَى مَادِيَانَةٍ فَتَقَدَّمَهُ وَ دَخَلَ فَنَظَرَ الْفَرَسُ إِلَى الرَّمَكَةِ فَطَلَبَهَا وَ دَخَلَ الْبَحْرَ وَ اقْتَحَمَ أَصْحَابُهُ خَلْفَهُ فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا كُلُّهُمْ حَتَّى كَانَ آخِرُ مَنْ دَخَلَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ وَ آخِرُ مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُوسَى أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الرِّيَاحَ فَضَرَبَتِ الْبَحْرَ بَعْضَهُ بِبَعْضٍ فَأَقْبَلَ الْمَاءُ يَقَعُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِثْلَ الْجِبَالِ
Jibraeel-as proceeded to it and he-as was upon a mare and went ahead and entered. The horse looked at the mare and sought her and entered the sea, and his-la companions thrust forward behind him-la. When all of them had entered to the extent that the last one from his-la companions had entered, and the last one from the companions of Musa-as had exited, Allah-azwj Commanded the winds and they struck the sea, part of it with part, and the water fell upon them like the mountain.
فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُوا إِسْرائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَأَخَذَ جَبْرَئِيلُ كَفّاً مِنْ حَمْأَةٍ فَدَسَّهَا فِي فِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
During that, Pharaoh-la said, ‘I believe that there is no god except the One in Whom the Children of Israel believe in, and I am from the submitters’ [10:90]. Jibraeel-as took some sludge and inserted it in his-la mouth, then said: Now! And you had disobeyed before and you were from the corrupters! [10:91]’’.[67]
22- فس، تفسير القمي وَ قالَ فِرْعَوْنُ يا أَيُّهَا الْمَلَأُ ما عَلِمْتُ لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلهٍ غَيْرِي فَأَوْقِدْ لِي يا هامانُ عَلَى الطِّينِ فَاجْعَلْ لِي صَرْحاً لَعَلِّي أَطَّلِعُ إِلى إِلهِ مُوسى وَ إِنِّي لَأَظُنُّهُ مِنَ الْكاذِبِينَ قَالَ فَبَنَى هَامَانُ لَهُ فِي الْهَوَاءِ صَرْحاً حَتَّى بَلَغَ مَكَاناً فِي الْهَوَاءِ لَمْ يَقْدِرِ الْإِنْسَانُ أَنْ يَقُومَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الرِّيَاحِ الْقَائِمَةِ فِي الْهَوَاءِ فَقَالَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ لَا نَقْدِرُ أَنْ نَزِيدَ عَلَى هَذَا وَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ رِيَاحاً فَرَمَتْ بِهِ فَاتَّخَذَ فِرْعَوْنُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ التَّابُوتَ وَ عَمَدَ إِلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَنْسُرٍ فَأَخَذَ فِرَاخَهَا وَ رَبَّاهَا حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَتْ وَ كَبِرَتْ عَمَدُوا إِلَى جَوَانِبِ التَّابُوتِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ فَغَرَزُوا فِي كُلِّ جَانِبٍ مِنْهُ خَشَبَةً وَ جَعَلُوا عَلَى رَأْسِ كُلِّ خَشَبَةٍ لَحْماً وَ جَوَّعُوا الْأَنْسُرَ وَ شَدُّوا أَرْجُلَهَا بِأَصْلِ الْخَشَبَةِ فَنَظَرَتِ الْأَنْسُرُ إِلَى اللَّحْمِ فَأَهْوَتْ إِلَيْهِ وَ سَفَتْ بِأَجْنِحَتِهَا وَ ارْتَفَعَتْ بِهِمَا فِي الْهَوَاءِ وَ أَقْبَلَتْ يَطِيرُ يَوْمَهَا فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِهَامَانَ انْظُرْ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ هَلْ بَلَغْنَاهَا فَنَظَرَ هَامَانُ فَقَالَ أَرَى السَّمَاءَ كَمَا كُنْتُ أَرَاهَا فِي الْأَرْضِ فِي الْبُعْدِ فَقَالَ انْظُرْ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ فَقَالَ لَا أَرَى الْأَرْضَ وَ لَكِنْ أَرَى الْبِحَارَ وَ الْمَاءَ قَالَ فَلَمْ يَزَلِ النَّسْرُ تَرْتَفِعُ حَتَّى غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَ غَابَتْ عَنْهُمَا الْبِحَارُ وَ الْمَاءُ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ يَا هَامَانُ انْظُرْ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَنَظَرَ فَقَالَ أَرَاهَا كَمَا كُنْتُ أَرَاهَا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَلَمَّا جَنَّهُمَا اللَّيْلُ نَظَرَ هَامَانُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ هَلْ بَلَغْنَاهَا فَقَالَ أَرَى الْكَوَاكِبَ كَمَا كُنْتُ أَرَاهَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ لَسْتُ أَرَى مِنَ الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا الظُّلْمَةَ قَالَ ثُمَّ جَالَتِ الرِّيَاحُ الْقَائِمُ فِي الْهَوَاءِ فَأَقْبَلَتِ التَّابُوتُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَهْوِي بِهِمَا حَتَّى وَقَعَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ فَكَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ أَشَدَّ مَا كَانَ عُتُوّاً فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ
(opinion)[68]
23- ل، الخصال ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام سَأَلَ الشَّامِيُّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ سِتَّةٍ لَمْ يَرْكُضُوا فِي رَحِمٍ فَقَالَ آدَمُ وَ حَوَّاءُ وَ كَبْشُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ عَصَا مُوسَى وَ نَاقَةُ صَالِحٍ وَ الْخُفَّاشُ الَّذِي عَمِلَهُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ فَطَارَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ
The Syrian asked Amir Al-Momineen-asws about six who did not grow in a womb. He-asws said: ‘Adam-as, and Hawwa-as, and ram of Ibrahim-as, and staff of Musa-as, and she-camel of Salih-as, and the bat which Isa-as Bin Maryam-as made and it flew by the Permission of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[69]
24- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام وَ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ أَوَّلِ شَجَرَةٍ غُرِسَتْ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَقَالَ الْعَوْسَجَةُ وَ مِنْهَا عَصَا مُوسَى
And he asked him-asws about the first tree planted in the earth. He-asws said: ‘The lyceum, and from it is the staff of Musa-as’’.[70]
25- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: احْتَبَسَ الْقَمَرُ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنْ أَخْرِجْ عِظَامَ يُوسُفَ مِنْ مِصْرَ وَ وَعَدَهُ طُلُوعَ الْقَمَرِ إِذَا أَخْرَجَ عِظَامَهُ
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Fazal,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘The moon was withheld from the Children of Israel, so Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Revealed to Musa-as: “Extract the bones of Yusuf-as from Egypt”, and He-azwj Promised him-as the emergence of the moon when he-as extracts his-as bones.
فَسَأَلَ مُوسَى عَمَّنْ يَعْلَمُ مَوْضِعَهُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ هَاهُنَا عَجُوزٌ تَعْلَمُ مَحَلَّهُ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهَا فَأُتِيَ بِعَجُوزٍ مَقْعَدُهُ عَمْيَاءُ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَ تَعْرِفِينَ مَوْضِعَ قَبْرِ يُوسُفَ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرِينِي بِهِ
Musa-as asked about the one who would know of its place, and it was said to him-as, ‘Over there is an old woman who knows of its place’. He-as sent for her, so, they came with the old woman, seated, blind. He-as said to her: ‘Are you knowing of the place of the grave of Yusuf-as?’ She said, ‘Yes’. He-as said: ‘Will you inform me-as of it?’
قَالَتْ لَا حَتَّى تُعْطِيَنِي أَرْبَعَ خِصَالٍ تُطْلِقَ لِي رِجْلَيَّ وَ تُعِيدَ إِلَيَّ شَبَابِي وَ تُعِيدَ إِلَيَّ بَصَرِي وَ تَجْعَلَنِي مَعَكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ
She said, ‘No, until you-as give me four qualities – you-as free my legs for me, and return my youth to me, and return my eyesight to me, and make me to be with you-as in the Paradise’.
قَالَ فَكَبُرَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مُوسَى فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ إِلَيْهِ يَا مُوسَى أَعْطِهَا مَا سَأَلَتْ فَإِنَّكَ إِنَّمَا تُعْطِي عَلَيَ فَفَعَلَ فَدَلَّتْهُ عَلَيْهِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَهُ مِنْ شَاطِئِ النِّيلِ فِي صُنْدُوقٍ مَرْمَرٍ فَلَمَّا أَخْرَجَهُ طَلَعَ الْقَمَرُ فَحَمَلَهُ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَلِذَلِكَ يَحْمِلُ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ مَوْتَاهُمْ إِلَى الشَّامِ
He-asws said: ‘That was grievous upon Musa-as, but Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Revealed to him-as: “O Musa-as! Give her what she asks, for you-as would rather be giving it to Me-azwj”. He-as did so, and she pointed him-as upon it. He-as extracted it from the banks of the Nile in a marble box. When he-as had extracted it, the moon emerged. He-as carried it to Syria, and for that (reason) the People of the Book tend to carry their dead ones to Syria’’.[71]
26- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ قَوْماً مِمَّنْ آمَنَ بِمُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالُوا لَوْ أَتَيْنَا عَسْكَرَ فِرْعَوْنَ فَكُنَّا فِيهِ وَ نِلْنَا مِنْ دُنْيَاهُ فَإِذَا كَانَ الَّذِي نَرْجُوهُ مِنْ ظُهُورِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ صِرْنَا إِلَيْهِ فَفَعَلُوا
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al-Husayn Bin saeed, from Al Naar Bin Suweyd, from Muhammad Bin Hisham, from the one who informed him,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A group from the ones who believed in Musa-as said, ‘If only we would go to the army of Pharaoh-la and we could be in it, we would achieve from his-la world. When we see from the victory of Musa-as we would go to him-as’. They did so.
فَلَمَّا تَوَجَّهَ مُوسَى وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ هَارِبِينَ مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ رَكِبُوا دَوَابَّهُمْ وَ أَسْرَعُوا فِي السَّيْرِ لِيَلْحَقُوا مُوسَى وَ عَسْكَرَهُ فَيَكُونُوا مَعَهُمْ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ مَلَكاً فَضَرَبَ وُجُوهَ دَوَابِّهِمْ فَرَدَّهُمْ إِلَى عَسْكَرِ فِرْعَوْنَ فَكَانُوا فِيمَنْ غَرِقَ مَعَ فِرْعَوْنَ
When Musa-as diverted along with the ones who were with him-as fleeing towards the sea from Pharaoh-la, they rode their animals and hastened in the riding in order to meet up with Musa-as and his-as army so that they could be with them. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent an Angel who struck the faces of their animals and returned them towards the army of Pharaoh-la. Thus, they became from the ones who drowned along with Pharaoh-la’’.[72]
27- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُوسَى أَبُوهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ فِرْعَوْنَ فَلَمَّا لَحِقَتْ خَيْلُ فِرْعَوْنَ مُوسَى تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُمْ لِيَعِظَ أَبَاهُ فَيُلْحِقَهُ بِمُوسَى فَمَضَى أَبُوهُ وَ هُوَ يُرَاغِمُهُحَتَّى بَلَغَا طَرَفاً مِنَ الْبَحْرِ فَغَرِقَا جَمِيعاً
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Bakr Bin Muhammad, from Al Ja’fary,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘There was a man from the companions of Musa-as whose father was from the companions of Pharaoh-la. When the horses of Pharaoh-la caught up, he stayed behind from them in order to convince his father to adhere with Musa-as. He went to his father and was coercing him until a part of the sea reached and they both drowned altogether.
فَأَتَى مُوسَى الْخَبَرُ فَقَالَ هُوَ فِي رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ وَ لَكِنَّ النَّقِمَةَ إِذَا نَزَلَتْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا عَمَّنْ قَارَبَ الْمُذْنِبَ دِفَاعٌ
The news came to Musa-as and he-as said: ‘He is in the Mercy of Allah-azwj, but the Punishment, when it descends, there does not happen to be any defence to it for the one who is near the sinner’’.[73]
28- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ عَذَاباً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَسَبْعَةُ نَفَرٍ أَوَّلُهُمُ ابْنُ آدَمَ الَّذِي قَتَلَ أَخَاهُ وَ نُمْرُودُ الَّذِي حَاجَّ إِبْراهِيمَ فِي رَبِّهِ وَ اثْنَانِ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ هَوَّدَا قَوْمَهُمْ وَ نَصَّرَاهُمْ وَ فِرْعَوْنُ الَّذِي قَالَ أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلى وَ اثْنَانِ فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Marouf, from Ibn Marouf, from Ibn Mahboub, from Hanan Ibn Sadeyr,
‘From a man from the companions of Abu Abdullah-asws who said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘The ones of the severest Punishment on the Day of Judgement would be seven persons – The first of them is the son of Adam-as who killed his-la brother-as, And Nimrod-la who argued with Ibrahim-as regarding his-as Lord-azwj, and two from the Children of Israel who Judaised their people and Christianised them, and Pharaoh-la who said, ‘I-la are your highest lord’, and two in this community (Abu Bakr & Umar)’’.[74]
29- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: أَمْلَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِفِرْعَوْنَ مَا بَيْنَ الْكَلِمَتَيْنِ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً ثُمَّ أَخَذَهُ اللَّهُ نَكالَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ الْأُولى وَ كَانَ بَيْنَ أَنْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَعْوَتُكُما وَ بَيْنَ أَنْ عَرَّفَهُ اللَّهُ الْإِجَابَةَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً
‘Al-Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his brother Ali, from Isa Bin Muhammad, from one of our companions, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad, from Abu Jameela, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Dictated to Pharaoh-la was in between the two phrases, forty years. Then Allah Seized him with the exemplary Punishment of the Hereafter and the former life [79:25]. And there was between Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic having Said to Musa-as and Haroun-as: “I have Accepted the supplication of both of you, [10:89], and Allah-azwj Making him-as realise the Answer, there were (a duration of) forty years’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ نَازَلْتُ رَبِّي فِي فِرْعَوْنَ مُنَازَلَةً شَدِيداً فَقُلْتُ يَا رَبِّ تَدَعُهُ وَ قَدْ قَالَ أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلى فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا يَقُولُ هَذَا عَبْدٌ مِثْلُكَ
Then he-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as said: ‘My-as Lord-azwj Made me-as descend regarding Pharaoh-la, difficult descents, so I-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj Leave him-la and he-la has said, ‘I am your lord, the most exalted!’ [79:24]?’ He-azwj Said: “But rather a servant like you-as would say this’’.
وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ قُلْتُ يَا رَبِّ تَدَعُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ قَدْ قَالَ أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلى فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا يَقُولُ هَذَا مِثْلُكَ مَنْ يَخَافُ الْفَوْتَ انْتَهَى
It is reported by Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as said: ‘I-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj Leave Pharaoh-la and he-la has said, ‘I am your lord, the most exalted!’ [79:24]?’ He-azwj Said: ‘But he will say this, just like you who fear the death in the end’’. [75]
30- ب، قرب الإسناد ابْنُ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: مَا غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِلَّا أَدْخَلَهُمْ مِصْرَ وَ لَا رَضِيَ عَنْهُمْ إِلَّا أَخْرَجَهُمْ مِنْهَا إِلَى غَيْرِهَا وَ لَقَدْ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَى مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ عِظَامَ يُوسُفَ مِنْهَا
‘Qurb Al Isnaae’ – Ibn Isa, from Al Bazanty,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj was not Angered upon the Children of Israel except He-azwj entered them into Egypt nor Pleased from them except Exited them from it to somewhere else; and Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Had Revealed to Musa-as to extract the bones of Yusuf-as from it.
فَاسْتَدَلَّ مُوسَى عَلَى مَنْ يَعْرِفُ الْقَبْرَ فَدُلَّ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ عَمْيَاءَ زَمِنَةٍ فَسَأَلَهَا مُوسَى أَنْ تَدُلَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَأَبَتْ إِلَّا عَلَى خَصْلَتَيْنِ فَيَدْعُو اللَّهَ فَيَذْهَبُ بِزَمَانَتِهَا وَ يُصَيِّرُهَا مَعَهُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ فِي الدَّرَجَةِ الَّتِي هُوَ فِيهَا
Musa-as asked to be pointed upon the one who recognises the grave, and he-as was pointed to a woman. Musa-as asked her to point him-as to it, but she refused except upon two qualities (conditions) – that he-as would supplicate to Allah-azwj to removed her time (make her young again), and Destined her to be with him-as in the Paradise in the (same) level which he-as would be in.
فَأَعْظَمَ ذَلِكَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ مَا يَعْظُمُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ هَذَا أَعْطِهَا مَا سَأَلَتْ فَفَعَلَ فَوَعَدَتْهُ طُلُوعَ الْقَمَرِ فَحَبَسَ اللَّهُ الْقَمَرَ حَتَّى جَاءَ مُوسَى لِمَوْعِدِه فَأَخْرَجَهُ مِنَ النِّيلِ فِي سَفَطٍ مَرْمَرٍ فَحَمَلَهُ مُوسَى الْخَبَرَ
That was grievous upon Musa-as, and Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “And what from this, makes you-as to be grievous upon that? Give her what she asks for!” He-as did so, and Promised him-as the emergence of the moon. Allah-azwj Withheld the moon until Musa-as came to his-as appointment, and extracted him-as from the Nile in a marble box and Musa-as carried it’ – the Hadeeth’.[76]
31- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ أَهْلَ مِصْرَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ بِلَادَهُمْ مُقَدَّسَةٌ قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ ذَاكَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّهُمْ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ يُحْشَرُ مِنْ ظَهْرِهِمْ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفاً يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ فَقَالَ لَا لَعَمْرِي مَا ذَاكَ كَذَاكَ وَ مَا غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِلَى آخِرِ مَا مَرَّ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Asbat,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘The people of Egypt are alleging that their city is Holy’. He-asws said: ‘And how is that so?’ I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! They are claiming that seventy thousand would be Resurrected from their back entering the Paradise without any Reckoning’. He-asws said: ‘No! By my-asws life, that is not like that, and Allah-azwj was not Angered upon the Children of Israel’ – up to the end of what has passed’’.[77]
32- ب، قرب الإسناد السِّنْدِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ الْجَمَّالِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى مُوسَى أَنْ يَحْمِلَ عِظَامَ يُوسُفَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَسَأَلَ عَنْ قَبْرِهِ فَجَاءَهُ شَيْخٌ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ يَعْلَمُ فَفُلَانَةُ
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, fom Safwan Al Jamal,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to Musa-as that he-as should carry the bones of Yusuf-as. He-as asked about his-as grave. And old man came and said, ‘If there was anyone who would know, it would be so and so woman’.
فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا فَجَاءَتْ فَقَالَ أَ تَعْلَمِينَ مَوْضِعَ قَبْرِ يُوسُفَ فَقَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَدُلِّينِي عَلَيْهِ وَ لَكِ الْجَنَّةُ قَالَتْ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَنْ تُحَكِّمَنِي قَالَ وَ لَكِ الْجَنَّةُ قَالَتْ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى تُحَكِّمَنِي
He-as sent for her, and she came. He-as said: ‘Do you know the place of the grave of Yusuf-as?’ She said, ‘Yes’. He-as said: ‘Point me-as to it, and the Paradise would be for you’. She said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj! I will not point you-as to it except if you-as were to give me a decision’. He-as said: ‘And for you will be the Paradise’. She said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj! I will not point you-as to it until you-as give me a decision’.
قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ مَا يَعْظُمُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تُحَكِّمَهَا قَالَ فَلَكِ حُكْمُكِ قَالَتْ أَحْكُمُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ أَكُونَ مَعَكَ فِي دَرَجَتِكَ الَّتِي تَكُونُ فِيهَا
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to him-as: “What makes it too great upon you-as if you-as were to give her a decision?” He-as said: ‘For you is your decision’. She said, ‘I decide upon you-as that I would happen to be with you-as in your-as level which you-as would be in’’.[78]
33 دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ مُوسَى لَمَّا أُمِرَ أَنْ يَقْطَعَ الْبَحْرَ فَانْتَهَى إِلَيْهِ ضُرِبَتْ وُجُوهُ الدَّوَابِّ وَ رَجَعَتْ فَقَالَ مُوسَى يَا رَبِّ مَا لِي قَالَ يَا مُوسَى إِنَّكَ عِنْدَ قَبْرِ يُوسُفَ فَاحْمِلْ عِظَامَهُ وَ قَدِ اسْتَوَى الْقَبْرُ بِالْأَرْضِ فَسَأَلَ مُوسَى قَوْمَهُ هَلْ يَدْرِي أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ أَيْنَ هُوَ قَالُوا عَجُوزٌ لَعَلَّهَا تَعْلَمُ
‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When Musa-as ordered for cutting across the sea, he-as ended up to it, struck the faces of the animals and returned. Musa-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! What is for me-as?’ He-azwj Said: “O Musa-as! You-as are the grave of Yusuf-as, so carry his-as bones’. The grave had been evened out with the ground, so Musa-as asked his-as people: ‘Does anyone from you know where it is?’ They said, ‘There is an old woman, perhaps she knows’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا هَلْ تَعْلَمِينَ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَدُلِّينَا عَلَيْهِ قَالَتْ لَا وَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى تُعْطِيَنِي مَا أَسْأَلُكَ قَالَ ذَلِكِ لَكِ قَالَتْ فَإِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ أَكُونَ مَعَكَ فِي الدَّرَجَةِ الَّتِي تَكُونُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ
He-as said to her: ‘Do you know?’ She said, ‘Yes’. He-as said: ‘Point us to it’. She said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, until you-as give me what I ask for’. He-as said: ‘That is for you’. She said, ‘I ask you-as that I should happen to be with you-as in the (same) level which you-as would happen to be in the Paradise’.
قَالَ سَلِي الْجَنَّةَ قَالَتْ لَا وَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أَنْ أَكُونَ مَعَكَ فَجَعَلَ مُوسَى يُرَادُّ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ أَنْ أَعْطِهَا ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَنْقُصُكَ فَأَعْطَاهَا وَ دَلَّتْهُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ
He-as said: ‘Ask me-as for the Paradise (only)’. She said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, except if I happen to be with you-as’. Musa-as went to return but Allah-azwj Revealed: “Give her that for it would not reduce you-as (with anything)!” He-as granted her, and she pointed him-as to the grave’’.[79]
34- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ابْنُ عُبْدُوسٍ عَنِ ابْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ أَغْرَقَ اللَّهُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ قَدْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَ أَقَرَّ بِتَوْحِيدِهِ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Abdows, from Ibn Quteyba, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad al Hamdany who said,
‘I said to Ali Reza-asws, ‘For which reason did Allah-azwj Drown Pharaoh-la and he-la had already believed in Him-azwj and acknowledge with His-azwj Tawheed?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّهُ آمَنَ عِنْدَ رُؤْيَةِ الْبَأْسِ وَ الْإِيمَانُ عِنْدَ رُؤْيَةِ الْبَأْسِ غَيْرُ مَقْبُولٍ وَ ذَلِكَ حُكْمُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ فِي السَّلَفِ وَ الْخَلَفِ
He-asws said: ‘Because Eman during seeing the evil (Punishment), and the belief when one sees the evil (Punishment) is not Acceptable. That is the Judgement of Allah-azwj the Exalted regarding the ancestors and the posterities.
قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا بَأْسَنا قالُوا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ وَ كَفَرْنا بِما كُنَّا بِهِ مُشْرِكِينَ فَلَمْ يَكُ يَنْفَعُهُمْ إِيمانُهُمْ لَمَّا رَأَوْا بَأْسَنا
Allah-azwj the Exalted Says: But when they saw Our Punishment, they said, ‘We believe in Allah alone and we deny what we had been associating with Him’ [40:84] But their Eman wasn’t going to benefit them when they saw Our Punishment [40:85].
وَ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ يَوْمَ يَأْتِي بَعْضُ آياتِ رَبِّكَ لا يَنْفَعُ نَفْساً إِيمانُها لَمْ تَكُنْ آمَنَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ أَوْ كَسَبَتْ فِي إِيمانِها خَيْراً وَ هَكَذَا فِرْعَوْنُ لَمَّا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ قَالَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُوا إِسْرائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
And the Mighty and Majestic Said: The day some of the Signs of your Lord do come, a soul will not benefit from its Eman which had not believed from before, or earned goodness during its Eman. [6:158], and that is how Pharaoh-la said when he-la realised the drowning, ‘I believe that there is no god except the One in Whom the Children of Israel believe in, and I am from the submitters’ [10:90].
فَقِيلَ لَهُ آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ لِتَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَكَ آيَةً وَ قَدْ كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ مِنْ قَرْنِهِ إِلَى قَدَمِهِ فِي الْحَدِيدِ قَدْ لَبِسَهُ عَلَى بَدَنِهِ فَلَمَّا غَرِقَ أَلْقَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى نَجْوَةٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ بِبَدَنِهِ لِيَكُونَ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُ عَلَامَةً فَيَرَوْنَهُ مَعَ تَثَقُّلِهِ بِالْحَدِيدِ عَلَى مُرْتَفِعٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَ سَبِيلُ الثَّقِيلِ أَنْ يَرْسُبَ وَ لَا يَرْتَفِعَ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ آيَةً وَ عَلَامَةً
He-azwj Said to him-as: Now! And you had disobeyed before and you were from the corrupters! [10:91] But today We will Rescue you with your body for it to become a Sign for the ones to come after you, [10:92], And Pharaoh-la was clad in iron from head to toe upon his-la body. When he-la drowned, Allah-azwj Cast him-la upon a high part of the land, with his-la body, so that it would be a Sign for the ones after him-la so that they would see him-la to be upon a high part of the land with the iron, and that the iron is heavy and (with it) he-la should not have been upon the high ground. That was a Sign and a pointer.
وَ لِعِلَّةٍ أُخْرَى أَغْرَقَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ هِيَ أَنَّهُ اسْتَغَاثَ بِمُوسَى لَمَّا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَغِثْ بِاللَّهِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا مُوسَى لَمْ تُغِثْ فِرْعَوْنَ لِأَنَّكَ لَمْ تَخْلُقْهُ وَ لَوِ اسْتَغَاثَ بِي لَأَغَثْتُهُ
And another reason from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic to Drown Pharaoh-la that he-la cried out for help to Musa-as and did not cry out to Allah-azwj. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto him-as: “O Musa-as! You-as did not come to the help of Pharaoh-la because you-as did not create him-la, but had he-la cried out to Me-azwj, I-azwj would have Helped him-la’’.[80]
35- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِ فِرْعَوْنَ ذَرُونِي أَقْتُلْ مُوسى مَنْ كَانَ يَمْنَعُهُ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Abu Al Khatab, from Ibn Asbat, from Ismail Bin Mansour, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Pharaoh-la, ‘Leave me alone! I will kill Musa [40:26], who had prevented him-la?’
قَالَ مَنَعَتْهُ رِشْدَتُهُ وَ لَا يَقْتُلُ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ وَ أَوْلَادَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ إِلَّا أَوْلَادُ الزِّنَا
He-asws said: ‘It was his-la (birth by) correct marriage that prevented him-la, and none kill the Prophets-as, nor the children of the Prophets-as, except the children of adultery’’.[81]
36- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنِ الْعَبْدِ الصَّالِحِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ مِنْ قَوْلِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حِينَ دَخَلَ عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَدْرَأُ بِكَ فِي نَحْرِهِ وَ أَسْتَجِيرُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهِ وَ أَسْتَعِينُ بِكَ فَحَوَّلَ اللَّهُ مَا كَانَ فِي قَلْبِ فِرْعَوْنَ مِنَ الْأَمْنِ خَوْفاً
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from Al Washa, from Abu Jameela, from Muhammad Bin Marwan,
‘From Al-Abd Al-Salih-asws (7th Imam-asws) having said: ‘It was from the words of Musa-as when he-as entered to see Pharaoh-la: ‘O Allah-azwj! I-as save myself-as with You-azwj regarding his-la punishment, and seek Refuge with You-azwj from his-la evil, and seek Assistance with You-azwj’. So, Allah-azwj Transformed in the heart of Pharaoh-la, from security into fear’’.[82]
37- ع، علل الشرائع عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَارِيُّ عَنْ مَكِّيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْيَرْبُوعِيِّ عَنْ نُوحِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ الرَّمْلِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: غَارَ النِّيلُ عَلَى عَهْدِ فِرْعَوْنَ فَأَتَاهُ أَهْلُ مَمْلَكَتِهِ فَقَالُوا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ أَجْرِ لَنَا النِّيلَ قَالَ إِنِّي لَمْ أَرْضَ عَنْكُمْ ثُمَّ ذَهَبُوا فَأَتَوْهُ فَقَالُوا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ تَمُوتُ الْبَهَائِمُ وَ هَلَكَتْ وَ لَئِنْ لَمْ تُجْرِ لَنَا النِّيلَ لَنَتَّخِذَنَّ إِلَهاً غَيْرَكَ قَالَ اخْرُجُوا إِلَى الصَّعِيدِ فَخَرَجُوا فَتَنَحَّى عَنْهُمْ حَيْثُ لَا يَرَوْنَهُ وَ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ كَلَامَهُ فَأَلْصَقَ خَدَّهُ بِالْأَرْضِ وَ أَشَارَ بِالسَّبَّابَةِ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي خَرَجْتُ إِلَيْكَ خُرُوجَ الْعَبْدِ الذَّلِيلِ إِلَى سَيِّدِهِ وَ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى إِجْرَائِهِ أَحَدٌ غَيْرَكَ فَأَجْرِهِ قَالَ فَجَرَى النِّيلُ جَرْياً لَمْ يَجْرِ مِثْلُهُ فَأَتَاهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنِّي قَدْ أَجْرَيْتُ لَكُمُ النِّيلَ فَخَرُّوا لَهُ سُجَّداً وَ عَرَضَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ أَعِنِّي عَلَى عَبْدٍ لِي قَالَ فَمَا قِصَّتُهُ قَالَ عَبْدٌ لِي مَلَكْتُهُ عَلَى عَبِيدِي وَ خَوَّلْتُهُ مَفَاتِيحِي فَعَادَانِي وَ أَحَبَّ مَنْ عَادَانِي وَ عَادَى مَنْ أَحْبَبْتُ قَالَ لَبِئْسَ الْعَبْدُ عَبْدُكَ لَوْ كَانَ لِي عَلَيْهِ سَبِيلٌ لَأَغْرَقْتُهُ فِي بَحْرِ الْقُلْزُمِ قَالَ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ اكْتُبْ لِي بِذَلِكَ كِتَاباً فَدَعَا بِكِتَابٍ وَ دَوَاةٍ فَكَتَبَ مَا جَزَاءُ الْعَبْدِ الَّذِي يُخَالِفُ سَيِّدَهُ فَأَحَبَّ مَنْ عَادَى وَ عَادَى مَنْ أَحَبَّ إِلَّا أَنْ يُغْرَقَ فِي بَحْرِ الْقُلْزُمِ قَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ اخْتِمْهُ لِي قَالَ فَخَتَمَهُ ثُمَّ دَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمَ الْبَحْرِ أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِالْكِتَابِ فَقَالَ لَهُ خُذْ هَذَا مَا اسْتَحْقَقْتَ بِهِ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ أَوْ هَذَا مَا حَكَمْتَ بِهِ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ
(P.S. – This is not a Hadeeth)[83]
38- ل، الخصال ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام سَأَلَ الشَّامِيُّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ يَوْمِ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ وَ التَّطَيُّرِ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ آخِرُ أَرْبِعَاءَ فِي الشَّهْرِ وَ هُوَ الْمُحَاقُ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ طَلَبَ فِرْعَوْنُ مُوسَى لِيَقْتُلَهُ وَ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ أَمَرَ فِرْعَوْنُ بِذَبْحِ الْغِلْمَانِ وَ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ أَظَلَّ قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَوَّلُ الْعَذَابِ
‘Al-Khisaal’, ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – The Syrian asked Amir Al-Momineen-asws about the day of Wednesday and the fleeing from it. He-asws said: ‘Last Wednesday during the month, and it is the waning (of the moon)’ – and continued the Hadeeth until he-asws said: ‘And on the day of Wednesday Pharaoh-la sought Musa-as in order to kill him-as, and on the day of Wednesday, Pharaoh-la ordered for the slaughter of the male children, and on the day of Wednesday the people of Pharaoh-la were overcome by the first Punishment’’.[84]
39- أَقُولُ قَالَ فِي مَجْمَعِ الْبَيَانِ، رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا رَجَعَ مُوسَى إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ قَالَتْ مِنْ أَيْنَ جِئْتَ قَالَ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّ تِلْكَ النَّارِ
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It says in (the book) ‘Majma Al Bayan’ –
‘It is reported from Abu Ja’far-asws in the lengthy Hadeeth, he-asws said: ‘When Musa-as returned to his-as wife, she said, ‘Where are you-as coming from?’ He-as said: ‘From the Presence of the Lord-azwj of that fire’.
قَالَ فَغَدَا إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ طَوِيلَ الْبَاعِ ذو [ذَا] شَعْرٍ آدِمَ عَلَيْهِ جُبَّةٌ مِنْ صُوفٍ عَصَاهُ فِي كَفِّهِ مَرْبُوطٌ حِقْوُهُ بِشَرِيطٍ نَعْلُهُ مِنْ جِلْدِ حِمَارٍ شِرَاكُهَا مِنْ لِيفٍ
He-asws said: ‘He-as went to Pharaoh-la. By Allah-azwj! It is as if I-asws am looking at him-as being of tall stature with long hair, having a woollen coat upon him-as, his-as staff in his-as palm, his-as bag tied with its strip, his-as slipper from donkey skin, its straps from fibre.
فَقِيلَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّ عَلَى الْبَابِ فَتًى يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِصَاحِبِ الْأَسَدِ خَلِّ سَلَاسِلَهَا وَ كَانَ إِذَا غَضِبَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ خَلَّاهَا فَقَطَعَتْهُ فَخَلَّاهَا وَ قَرَعَ مُوسَى الْبَابَ الْأَوَّلَ وَ كَانَتْ تِسْعَةُ أَبْوَابٍ فَلَمَّا قَرَعَ الْبَابَ الْأَوَّلَ انْفَتَحَ لَهُ الْأَبْوَابُ التِّسْعَةُ
It was said to Pharaoh-la, ‘There is a youth at the door claiming that he-as is a Messenger of Lord-azwj of the world’. Pharaoh-la said to the one in charge of the lion, ‘Free its chains’; and it was so that whenever he-la was angry upon anyone, he-la would free it to tear him apart. He freed it, and Musa-as knocked the first door, and there were nine doors. When he-as knocked the first door, all the nine doors were opened for him-as.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ جَعَلْنَ يُبَصْبِصْنَ تَحْتَ رِجْلَيْهِ كَأَنَّهُنَّ جِرَاءٌ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِجُلَسَائِهِ رَأَيْتُمْ مِثْلَ هَذَا قَطُّ فَلَمَّا أَقْبَلَ إِلَيْهِ قالَ أَ لَمْ نُرَبِّكَ فِينا وَلِيداً إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الضَّالِّينَ
When he-as entered, it (lion) went on to wag its tail by his-as as if it was tamed. Pharaoh-la said to his-la companions, ‘Have you ever seen the like of this?’ When he-la faced him-as, he-la said, ‘(Pharaoh) said: ‘Did we not nourish you among us as a child [26:18] – up to His-azwj Words: the straying ones [26:20].
فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ قُمْ فَخُذْ بِيَدِهِ وَ قَالَ لِلْآخَرِ اضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ فَضَرَبَ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِالسَّيْفِ حَتَّى قَتَلَ سِتَّةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ خَلُّوا عَنْهُ
Pharaoh-la said to a man from his-la companions, ‘Stand and grab his-as hand!’, and he-la said to another, ‘Strike off his-as neck!’ But, Jibraeel-as struck with his-as sword until he-as killed six of his-la companions. He-la said, ‘Leave him’.
قَالَ فَأَخْرَجَ يَدَهُ فَإِذا هِيَ بَيْضاءُ قَدْ حَالَ شُعَاعُهَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ وَجْهِهِ وَ أَلْقَى الْعَصَا فَإِذَا هِيَ حَيَّةٌ فَالْتَقَمَتِ الْإِيوَانَ بِلِحْيَيْهَا فَدَعَاهُ أَنْ يَا مُوسَى أَقِلْنِي إِلَى غَدٍ ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَا كَانَ
He-asws said: ‘He-as brought out his-as hand and it was white, its rays surrounding between him-as and his-as face, and he-as cast the staff and it was a serpent and it swallowed the tall structures with its jaws. He-la called out to him-as, ‘O Musa-as! Leave me-la to the morning!’ Then it happened from his-as matter what happened’’.[85]
40- ع، علل الشرائع مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ نُعَيْمِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِمُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمُوسَى اذْهَبا إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغى فَقُولا لَهُ قَوْلًا لَيِّناً لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشى
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Muhammad Bin Ja’far Bin Nuaym Bin Shazan Al Neyshapouri, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Shazan, from Al Fazl Bin Shazan, from Ibn Abu Umeyr who said,
‘I said to Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, ‘Inform me about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic to Musa-as: Go, both of you, to Pharaoh, (for) he has transgressed! [20:43] But speak to him gentle words, perhaps he would mind or fear [20:44].
فَقَالَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ فَقُولا لَهُ قَوْلًا لَيِّناً أَيْ كَنِّيَاهُ وَ قُولَا لَهُ يَا أَبَا مُصْعَبٍ وَ كَانَ اسْمُ فِرْعَوْنَ أَبَا مُصْعَبٍ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ مُصْعَبٍ
He-asws said: ‘As for His-azwj Words: But speak to him gentle words, perhaps he would mind or fear [20:44], i.e. “Teknonym him-la, and say to him-la: ‘O Abu Mas’ab!’ (And the name of Pharaoh-la was Abu Mas’ab Al-Waleed Bin Mas’ab).
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشى فَإِنَّمَا قَالَ لِيَكُونَ أَحْرَصَ لِمُوسَى عَلَى الذَّهَابِ وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ لَا يَتَذَكَّرُ وَ لَا يَخْشَى إِلَّا عِنْدَ رُؤْيَةِ الْبَأْسِ أَ لَا تَسْمَعُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ حَتَّى إِذا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ قالَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُوا إِسْرائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
And as for His-azwj Words: perhaps he would mind or fear [20:44], He-azwj Rather Said for Musa-as to become more desirous for the going, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Known that neither would Pharaoh-la mind nor fear except during seeing the Punishment. Did you not hear Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Saying: until when the drowning faced him, he said, ‘I believe that there is no god except the One in Whom the Children of Israel believe in, and I am from the submitters’ [10:90].
فَلَمْ يَقْبَلِ اللَّهُ إِيمَانَهُ وَ قَالَ آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
But, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic did not Accept his-la Eman and Said: Now! And you had disobeyed before and you were from the corrupters! [10:91]’’.[86]
41- ختص، الإختصاص عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ عَلَى مُقَدِّمَةِ فِرْعَوْنَ ستمائة ألف و مائتي ألف [سِتُّمِائَةِ أَلْفِ أَلْفٍ وَ مِائَتَا أَلْفٍ] وَ عَلَى سَاقَتِهِ أَلْفُ أَلْفٍ قَالَ
‘Al Ikhtisas’ – From Abdullah Bin Jundab,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘There were to the front of Pharaoh-la six hundred thousand, and two hundred thousand, and thousand upon thousand behind him-as.
وَ لَمَّا صَارَ مُوسَى فِي الْبَحْرِ أَتْبَعَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ جُنُودُهُ قَالَ فَتَهَيَّبَ فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْبَحْرَ فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى مَادِيَانَةٍ فَلَمَّا رَأَى فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ الْمَادِيَانَةَ أَتْبَعَهَا فَدَخَلَ الْبَحْرَ هُوَ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ فَغَرِقُوا
He-asws said: ‘When Musa-as came in the sea, Pharaoh-la and his-la army pursued him-as. The horses of Pharaoh-la were frightened from entering the sea, so Jibraeel-as resembled mares to him-la. When the horse of Pharaoh-la saw the mares, he followed them. Thus, he-la and his-la companions entered the sea, and they drowned’’.[87]
42 نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص دَعَا مُوسَى وَ أَمَّنَ هَارُونُ وَ أَمَّنَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ اسْتَقِيمَا فَ قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَعْوَتُكُما وَ مَنْ غَزَا فِي سَبِيلِي اسْتَجَبْتُ لَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy, by his chain,
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Musa-as supplicated and Haroun-as said ‘Ameen’, and the Angels said, ‘Ameen’. Allah-azwj the Glorious Said: “Stand upright, I have Accepted the supplication of both of you, [10:89], and the one who goes out to duel in My-azwj Way, I-azwj shall Answer for him up to the Day of Qiyamah![88]
43- مع، معاني الأخبار الْقَطَّانُ عَنِ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ وَ كَانَ وَ اللَّهِ صَادِقاً كَمَا سُمِّيَ يَقُولُ يَا سُفْيَانُ عَلَيْكَ بِالتَّقِيَّةِ فَإِنَّهَا سُنَّةُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْخَلِيلِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ لِمُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ اذْهَبا إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغى فَقُولا لَهُ قَوْلًا لَيِّناً لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشى يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَنِّيَاهُ وَ قُولَا لَهُ يَا أَبَا مُصْعَبٍ
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – Al Qatan, from Al Sakry, from Al Jowhary, from Ibn Amara, from his father, from Sufyan Bin Saeed who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al-Sadiq-asws saying – and by Allah-azwj he-asws is as truthful as he-asws has been named: ‘O Sufyan! It is upon you to observe Taqayya, for it is the Sunnah of Ibrahim-as the Friend (of the Beneficent), and that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to Musa-as and Haroun-as: Go, both of you, to Pharaoh, (for) he has transgressed! [20:43] But speak to him gentle words, perhaps he would mind or fear [20:44]. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: “Teknonym him-la, and say to him-la: ‘O Abu Mas’ab!’ (And the name of Pharaoh-la was Abu Mas’ab Al-Waleed Bin Mas’ab).
وَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ سَفَراً وَرَّى بِغَيْرِهِ
And that Rasool-Allah-saww, whenever he-saww intended the journey would come back with another (way than he-saww had proceeded).
وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَمَرَنِي رَبِّي بِمُدَارَاةِ النَّاسِ كَمَا أَمَرَنِي بِأَدَاءِ الْفَرَائِضِ وَ لَقَدْ أَدَّبَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِالتَّقِيَّةِ فَقَالَ ادْفَعْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ فَإِذَا الَّذِي بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَهُ عَداوَةٌ كَأَنَّهُ وَلِيٌّ حَمِيمٌ وَ ما يُلَقَّاها إِلَّا الَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا وَ ما يُلَقَّاها إِلَّا ذُو حَظٍّ عَظِيمٍ
And he-asws said: ‘My-asws Lord-azwj Commanded me-asws with being gentle with the people just as He-azwj Commanded me-asws with fulfilling the Obligation. And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Educated him-saww with the Taqayya so He-azwj Said: Repel (evil) by that which is best, So if there is enmity between you and him, he would be like your intimate friend [41:34] And none would receive it except those who are patient, and none would receive it except one with a mighty share [41:35].
يَا سُفْيَانُ مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلَ التَّقِيَّةَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ تَسَنَّمَ الذِّرْوَةَ الْعُلْيَا مِنَ الْعِزِّ إِنَّ عِزَّ الْمُؤْمِنِ فِي حِفْظِ لِسَانِهِ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَمْلِكْ لِسَانَهُ نَدِمَ
O Sufyan! One who utilises the Taqayya in the Religion of Allah-azwj, so he would be at the highest people of the splendour, and that the honour of the Momin is in preservation of his tongue, and one who does not control his tongue will regret’.
قَالَ سُفْيَانُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُطْمِعَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عِبَادَهُ فِي كَوْنِ مَا لَا يَكُونُ قَالَ لَا فَقُلْتُ فَكَيْفَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشى وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ لَا يَتَذَكَّرُ وَ لَا يَخْشَى
Sufyan (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Is it permissible that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Try His-azwj servants by a fact that will not be happening?’ He-asws said: ‘No!’ I said, ‘The how come Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Say to Musa-as and Haroun-as: perhaps he would mind or fear [20:44], although He-azwj had Known that Pharaoh-la would neither mind nor fear?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ قَدْ تَذَكَّرَ وَ خَشِيَ وَ لَكِنْ عِنْدَ رُؤْيَةِ الْبَأْسِ حَيْثُ لَمْ يَنْفَعْهُ الْإِيمَانُ أَ لَا تَسْمَعُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ حَتَّى إِذا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ قالَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُوا إِسْرائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
He-asws said: ‘Pharaoh-la did mind and did fear, but when he-la saw the evil (Punishment), where the Eman did not benefit him-la. Have you not heard Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Saying: until when the drowning faced him, he said, ‘I believe that there is no god except the One in Whom the Children of Israel believe in, and I am from the submitters’ [10:90].
فَلَمْ يَقْبَلِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِيمَانَهُ وَ قَالَ آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ لِتَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَكَ آيَةً يَقُولُ نُلْقِيكَ عَلَى نَجْوَةٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ لِتَكُونَ لِمَنْ بَعْدَكَ عَلَامَةً وَ عِبْرَةً
But, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic did not Accept his-la Eman and Said: Now! And you had disobeyed before and you were from the corrupters! [10:91] But today We will Rescue you with your body for it to become a Sign for the ones to come after you [10:92] – the Verse. He-azwj is Saying: “We-azwj will Cast you-la upon the shore from the earth, for you-la to become a sign and a lesson for the ones after you-la’’.[89]
44- ع، علل الشرائع الْمُكَتِّبُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ الْأَحْمَرِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ فِرْعَوْنَ ذِي الْأَوْتادِ لِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ سُمِّيَ ذَا الْأَوْتَادِ
Al Maktab, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Aban Al Ahmar who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And Pharaoh, possessor of the pegs [89:10], ‘For which thing he-la is Called ‘possessor of the pegs’?
قَالَ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا عَذَّبَ رَجُلًا بَسَطَهُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ وَ مَدَّ يَدَيْهِ وَ رِجْلَيْهِ فَأَوْتَدَهَا بِأَرْبَعَةِ أَوْتَادٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ رُبَّمَا بَسَطَهُ عَلَى خَشَبٍ مُنْبَسِطٍ فَوَتَّدَ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ يَدَيْهِ بِأَرْبَعَةِ أَوْتَادٍ ثُمَّ تَرَكَهُ عَلَى حَالِهِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ فَسَمَّاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِرْعَوْنَ ذَا الْأَوْتَادِ لِذَلِكَ
He-asws said: ‘Because he-la has tortured a man rolling him on the ground upon his face, and extended his hands and legs and pegged these with four pegs in the ground, and unrolled him upon a flat piece of wood, pegged his legs and hand with four pegs. Then he-la left him on his condition until he died. So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Called Pharaoh-la ‘possessor of the pegs’, due to that’’.[90]
45- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ شَعِرٍ عَنْ هَارُونَ الْغَنَوِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ التِّسْعِ الْآيَاتِ الَّتِي أُوتِيَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ الْجَرَادُ وَ الْقُمَّلُ وَ الضَّفَادِعُ وَ الدَّمُ وَ الطُّوفَانُ وَ الْبَحْرُ وَ الْحَجَرُ وَ الْعَصَا وَ يَدُهُ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Yazeed Bin Is’haq Sha’ar, from Haroun Al Ghanwy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the nine Signs which Musa-as was Given. He-asws said: ‘The locusts, and the lice, and the frogs, and the blood, and the flood, and the sea, and the rock, and the staff, and his-as hand’’.[91]
46- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ سَلَّامِ بْنِ الْمُسْتَنِيرِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسى تِسْعَ آياتٍ بَيِّناتٍ قَالَ الطُّوفَانُ وَ الْجَرَادُ وَ الْقُمَّلُ وَ الضَّفَادِعُ وَ الدَّمُ وَ الْحَجَرُ وَ الْبَحْرُ وَ الْعَصَا وَ يَدُهُ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Muhammad in Al Numan, from Salam Bin Al Mustaneer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And We had Given Musa nine clear Signs [17:101]. He-asws said: ‘The storm, and the locusts, and the lice, and the frogs, and the blood, and the rocks, and the sea, and the staff, and his-as hand’’.[92]
47- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى أَدْخِلْ يَدَكَ فِي جَيْبِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ قَالَ مِنْ غَيْرِ بَرَصٍ الْخَبَرَ
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Sinan, from Khalaf Ibn Hamad, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: Insert your hand into your pocket, it will come out white without blemish [28:32], he-asws said: ‘Without vitiligo’ – the Hadeeth’.[93]
48- مل، كامل الزيارات مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَرَفَةَ عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ شَاطِئُ الْوَادِ الْأَيْمَنِ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ هُوَ الْفُرَاتُ وَ الْبُقْعَةُ الْمُبَارَكَةُ هِيَ كَرْبَلَاءُ وَ الشَّجَرَةُ مُحَمَّدٌ ص
Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from his father, from his grandfather Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al-Hassan Ibn Saeed, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Arafat, from Rabie who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘‘[28:30] the shores on the right side of the valley,which Allah-azwj Mentioned in His-azwj Book, is the Euphrates, and the Blessed spot,it is Karbala, and the tree is Muhammad-saww’’.[94]
49- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الْمِصْرِيِّ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ بَنَى سَبْعَ مَدَائِنَ يَتَحَصَّنُ فِيهَا مِنْ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ جَعَلَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهَا آجَاماً وَ غِيَاضاً وَ جَعَلَ فِيهَا الْأُسْدَ لِيَتَحَصَّنَ بِهَا مِنْ مُوسَى
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Aasim Al-Basri, raising it, said, ‘Pharaoh-la built seven cities fortifying in it from Musa-as, and he made thickets and forests in between them and made lions to be in these to fortify with from Musa-as’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُوسَى إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ فَدَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَ رَآهُ الْأُسْدُ تَبَصْبَصَتْ وَ وَلَّتْ مُدْبِرَةً
He (the narrator) said, ‘When Allah-azwj Sent Musa-as to Pharaoh-la, he-as entered the city and the lions saw him-as, they fawned and turned around retreating’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَأْتِ مَدِينَةً إِلَّا انْفَتَحَ لَهُ بَابُهَا حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى قَصْرِ فِرْعَوْنَ الَّذِي هُوَ فِيهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then he-as did not come to a city except its gates were opened for him-as until he-as ended to the castle of Pharaoh-la, which he-la was in’.
قَالَ فَقَعَدَ عَلَى بَابِهِ وَ عَلَيْهِ مِدْرَعَةٌ مِنْ صُوفٍ وَ مَعَهُ عَصَاهُ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ الْآذِنُ قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى اسْتَأْذِنْ لِي عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ فَلَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ إِلَيْهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-as sat down by its door and there was a woolen garment upon him-as, and with him-as was his-as staff. When the doorkeeper came out, Musa-as said to him: ‘Seek permission for me-as to see Pharaoh-la’. He did not even turn towards him-as’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنِّي رَسُولُ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Musa said to him: ‘‘I am the Rasool of Lord of the Worlds’ [43:46]’.
قَالَ فَلَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ إِلَيْهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He did not turn to him-as’.
قَالَ فَمَكَثَ بِذَلِكَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ يَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يَسْتَأْذِنَ لَهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-as remained with that for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired, asking him to seek permission for him-as’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ لَهُ أَ مَا وَجَدَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ مَنْ يُرْسِلُهُ غَيْرَكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘When it was a lot upon him, he said to him-as, ‘Didn’t Lord-azwj of the world find anyone to Send apart from you-as?’’
قَالَ فَغَضِبَ مُوسَى فَضَرَبَ الْبَابَ بِعَصَاهُ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ فِرْعَوْنَ بَابٌ إِلَّا انْفَتَحَ حَتَّى نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ هُوَ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ فَقَالَ أَدْخِلُوهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Musa was angered. He-as struck the door with his-as staff, so there did not remain any door between him-as and Pharaoh-la except it opened until Pharaoh-la looked at him-as while he-la was in his-la gathering. He-la said, ‘Let him-as enter!’’
قَالَ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ فِي قُبَّةٍ لَهُ مِنْ بُقْعَةٍ كَبِيرَةِ الِارْتِفَاعِ ثَمَانُونَ ذِرَاعاً قَالَ فَقالَ إِنِّي رَسُولُ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ إِلَيْكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-as entered to see him-la and he-la was in a dome of his from a large spot whose elevation was of eighty cubits. he said: ‘I am the Rasool of Lord of the Worlds’ [43:46] to you-la!’
قَالَ فَقَالَ فَأْتِ بِآيَةٍ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-la said, ‘Bring a sign if you-as were from the truthful ones!’
قَالَ فَأَلْقى عَصاهُ وَ كَانَ لَهَا شُعْبَتَانِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He cast his staff, and there were two branches (prongs) to it’.
قَالَ فَإِذا هِيَ حَيَّةٌ قَدْ وَقَعَ إِحْدَى الشُّعْبَتَيْنِ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ الشُّعْبَةُ الْأُخْرَى فِي أَعْلَى الْقُبَّةِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Behold, it was a snake, one of its jaws (lower jaw) was in the ground and the other (upper) jaw was in the top of the dome’.
قَالَ فَنَظَرَ فِرْعَوْنُ إِلَى جَوْفِهَا وَ هُوَ يَلْتَهِبُ نِيرَاناً
He (the narrator) said, ‘Pharaoh looked at its inside, and it was inflamed with fires’.
قَالَ وَ أَهْوَتْ إِلَيْهِ فَأَحْدَثَ وَ صَاحَ يَا مُوسَى خُذْهَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘And it swooped towards him-la. He-la lost control and shrieked, ‘O Musa-as, take it away!’’ – (P.S. – This is not a Hadeeth)[95]
50- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ قَالَ قَالَ: إِنَّ مُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ حِينَ دَخَلَا عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي جُلَسَائِهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَلَدُ سِفَاحٍ كَانُوا وُلْدَ نِكَاحٍ كُلَّهُمْ وَ لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِمْ وَلَدُ سِفَاحٍ لَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِمَا فَ قالُوا أَرْجِهْ وَ أَخاهُ وَ أَمَرُوهُ بِالتَّأَنِّي وَ النَّظَرِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Yunus Bin Zabyan who said,
‘He-asws said: ‘When Musa-as and Haroun-as entered to see Pharaoh-la, one that day there was no child of illicit birth among his gatherers. All of them were born of marriage, and had there been a child of illicit birth among them, he would have ordered with both of them-as to be killed. They said, ‘Stall him and his brother [26:36], and they instructed him-la to be with the patience and consideration’.
ثُمَّ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ قَالَ وَ كَذَلِكَ نَحْنُ لَا يَنْزِعُ إِلَيْنَا إِلَّا كُلُّ خَبِيثِ الْوِلَادَةِ
Then he-asws placed his hand upon his-asws chest. He-asws said: ‘And like that are we-asws. No one is drawn (to kill us-asws) except every one of wicked birth’’.[96]
51- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ: كَانَتْ عَصَا مُوسَى لآِدَمَ فَصَارَتْ إِلَى شُعَيْبٍ ثُمَّ صَارَتْ إِلَى مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ وَ إِنَّهَا لَتَرُوعُ وَ تَلْقَفُ ما يَأْفِكُونَ وَ تَصْنَعُ مَا تُؤْمَرُ تُفْتَحُ لَهَا شُعْبَتَانِ إِحْدَاهُمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ الْأُخْرَى فِي السَّقْفِ وَ بَيْنَهُمَا أَرْبَعُونَ ذِرَاعاً تَلْقَفُ ما يَأْفِكُونَ بِلِسَانِهَا
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Muhammad Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘The staff of Musa-as was Adam-as’s. It came to be to Shueyb-as, then came to be to Musa Bin Imran-as, and it swallowed up what they were faking [26:45], and it did what it had been Commanded to. There were two prongs for it. One of these was in the ground and the other in the ceiling, and between the two was (a distance of) forty cubits. it swallowed up what they were faking [26:45] with its tongue’’.[97]
52- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ مَا الطُّوفَانُ قَالَ هُوَ طُوفَانُ الْمَاءِ وَ الطَّاعُونِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Muhammad Bin Qays,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘What is the flood?’ He-asws said: ‘It is the flood of the water and the plague’’.[98]
53- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ لَئِنْ كَشَفْتَ عَنَّا الرِّجْزَ لَنُؤْمِنَنَّ لَكَ قَالَ الرِّجْزُ هُوَ الثَّلْجُ ثُمَّ قَالَ خُرَاسَانُ بِلَادُ رِجْزٍ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Suleyman,
‘From Al-Reza-asws regarding His-azwj Words: So if you remove the Pestilence from us we will believe you [7:134]. He-asws said: ‘The pestilence, it is the snow’. Then he-asws said: ‘Khurasan is a city of pestilence’.[99]
54- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ إِذْ فَرَقْنا بِكُمُ الْبَحْرَ فَأَنْجَيْناكُمْ وَ أَغْرَقْنا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَنْظُرُونَ قَالَ الْإِمَامُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ اذْكُرُوا إِذْ جَعَلْنَا مَاءَ الْبَحْرِ فِرَقاً يَنْقَطِعُ بَعْضُهُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَأَنْجَيْنَاكُمْ هُنَاكَ وَ أَغْرَقْنَا فِرْعَوْنَ وَ قَوْمَهُ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ هُمْ يَغْرَقُونَ
‘Tafseer of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws)’ – The Words of the Mighty and Majestic And when We Parted the sea for you, so We Rescued you and We Drowned the People of Pharaoh and you were looking on [2:50]. The Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “And recall, when We-azwj Made the water of the sea to part, cutting off part of it from the other so We Rescued you over there and We-azwj Drowned Pharaoh-la and his-la people and you were looking on at them, while they were drowning.
وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ مُوسَى لَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى الْبَحْرِ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ قُلْ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ جَدِّدُوا تَوْحِيدِي وَ أَمِرُّوا بِقُلُوبِكُمْ ذِكْرَ مُحَمَّدٍ سَيِّدِ عَبِيدِي وَ إِمَائِي وَ أَعِيدُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمُ الْوَلَايَةَ لِعَلِيٍّ أَخِي مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ وَ قُولُوا اللَّهُمَّ بِجَاهِهِمْ جَوِّزْنَا عَلَى مَتْنِ هَذَا الْمَاءِ فَإِنَّ الْمَاءَ يَتَحَوَّلُ لَكُمْ أَرْضاً
And that was when Musa-as ended up to the sea, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto him-as: “Say to the Children of Israel: ‘Renew My-azwj Tawheed (Oneness), and instruct your hearts to mention Muhammad-saww, the Chief of My-azwj servants and My-azwj maids, and prepare upon yourself the Wilayah of Ali-asws, brother of Muhammad-saww, and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws, and be saying: ‘O Allah-azwj! By their-asws virtue, Make us cross upon the back of this water’, so the water would be transformed for you all as land”.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مُوسَى ذَلِكَ فَقَالُوا تُورِدُ عَلَيْنَا مَا نَكْرَهُ وَ هَلْ فَرَرْنَا مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ إِلَّا مِنْ خَوْفِ الْمَوْتِ وَ أَنْتَ تَقْتَحِمُ بِنَا هَذَا الْمَاءَ الْغَمْرَ بِهَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتِ وَ مَا يرينا [يُدْرِينَا] مَا يَحْدُثُ مِنْ هَذِهِ عَلَيْنَا
Musa-as said that to them, and they said: ‘Are you-as implementing upon us what we dislike, and did we flee from the people of Pharaoh-la except out of fear of death (in the first place)? And you-as want to invade this water with us to be immersing in it with these words? And what are you-as intending what would be occurring upon us, from this?’
فَقَالَ لِمُوسَى كَالِبُ بْنُ يُوحَنَّا وَ هُوَ عَلَى دَابَّةٍ لَهُ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ الْخَلِيجُ أَرْبَعَةَ فَرَاسِخَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ أَمَرَكَ اللَّهُ بِهَذَا أَنْ نَقُولَهُ وَ نَدْخُلَ الْمَاءَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ وَ أَنْتَ تَأْمُرُنِي بِهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ
Kalb Bin Yohanna said to Musa-as, and he was upon a horse of his, and that gulf was of four Farsakhs (approximately 24 kilometres), ‘O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj Commands you-as with this that we should be saying and entering the water?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Are you-as ordering us with it?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَوَقَفَ وَ جَدَّدَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ مِنْ تَوْحِيدِ اللَّهِ وَ نُبُوَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ وَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ وَ الطَّيِّبِينَ مِنْ آلِهِمَا كَمَا أُمِرَ بِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ بِجَاهِهِمْ جَوِّزْنِي عَلَى مَتْنِ هَذَا الْمَاءِ ثُمَّ أَقْحَمَ فَرَسَهُ فَرَكَسَ عَلَى مَتْنِ الْمَاءِ وَ إِذَا الْمَاءُ تَحْتَهُ كَأَرْضٍ لَيِّنَةٍ حَتَّى بَلَغَ آخِرَ الْخَلِيجِ
He-asws said: ‘So he paused and renewing upon himself the Tawheed of Allah-azwj, and the Prophet-hood of Muhammad-saww, and the Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and the goodly ones-asws from their Progeny-asws, what he had been instructed with. Then he said, ‘O Allah-azwj! By their-asws virtue, Cause me to cross upon the back of this water!’ Then he spurred his horse and galloped upon the back of the water, and the water from beneath him was like the soft ground, until he reached the end of the gulf.
ثُمَّ عَادَ رَاكِضاً ثُمَّ قَالَ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَطِيعُوا مُوسَى فَمَا هَذَا الدُّعَاءُ إِلَّا مِفْتَاحُ أَبْوَابِ الْجِنَانِ وَ مَغَالِيقُ أَبْوَابِ النِّيرَانِ وَ مُسْتَنْزِلُ الْأَرْزَاقِ وَ جَالِبٌ عَلَى عَبِيدِ اللَّهِ وَ إِمَائِهِ رِضَا الْمُهَيْمِنِ الْخَلَّاقِ فَأَبَوْا وَ قَالُوا نَحْنُ لَا نَسِيرُ إِلَّا عَلَى الْأَرْضِ
Then he returned galloping, then said to the Children of Israel, ‘O Children of Israel! Obey Musa-as, for this supplication is nothing except keys to the doors of the Gardens, and locks upon the doors of the Fires, and descended of the sustenance, and a fetcher upon the servants of Allah-azwj and His-azwj maids of the Mercy of the Beneficent, the Compeller, the Creator’. But they refused, and said, ‘We will not travel except upon the ground’.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلى مُوسى أَنِ اضْرِبْ بِعَصاكَ الْبَحْرَ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ بِجَاهِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ لَمَّا فَلَقْتَهُ فَفَعَلَ فَانْفَلَقَ وَ ظَهَرَتِ الْأَرْضُ إِلَى آخِرِ الْخَلِيجِ فَقَالَ مُوسَى ادْخُلُوهَا قَالُوا الْأَرْضُ وَحِلَةٌ نَخَافُ أَنْ نَرْسُبَ فِيهَا
Allah-azwj Revealed unto Musa-as Strike the sea with your staff [26:63] and say: ‘O Allah-azwj! By the virtue of Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws, part it!’ So, he-as did, and it parted, and the ground appeared up to the end of the gulf. Musa-as said: ‘Enter it!’ They said: ‘The ground is soggy. We fear that we might get bogged down in it’.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ يَا مُوسَى قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ بِجَاهِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ جَفِّفْهَا فَقَالَهَا فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا رِيحَ الصَّبَا فَجَفَّتْ وَ قَالَ مُوسَى ادْخُلُوهَا
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: ‘O Musa-as! O Allah-azwj! By the virtue of Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws, Dry it!’ So, he-as said it, and Allah-azwj Sent the Al-Saba wind over it, and it dried out’. And Musa-as said: ‘Enter it!’
قَالُوا يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ نَحْنُ اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ قَبِيلَةً بَنُو اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ آبَاءٍ وَ إِنْ دَخَلْنَا رَامَ كُلُّ فَرِيقٍ مِنَّا تَقَدُّمَ صَاحِبِهِ فَلَا نَأْمَنُ وُقُوعَ الشَّرِّ بَيْنَنَا فَلَوْ كَانَ لِكُلِّ فَرِيقٍ مِنَّا طَرِيقٌ عَلَى حِدَةٍ لَأَمِنَّا مَا نَخَافُهُ
They said: ‘O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj! We are twelve tribes or twelve fathers, and if we enter, every group of us would want to precede the other, and we are not safe from the occurrence of evil between us. So, if only there was a path for every group of us to tread upon, we would be safe from what we fear’.
فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ مُوسَى أَنْ يَضْرِبَ الْبَحْرَ بِعَدَدِهِمُ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ ضَرْبَةً فِي اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ مَوْضِعاً إِلَى جَانِبِ ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ وَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ بِجَاهِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ بَيِّنِ الْأَرْضَ لَنَا وَ أَمِطِ الْمَاءَ عَنَّا فَصَارَ فِيهِ تَمَامُ اثْنَي عَشَرَ طَرِيقاً وَ جَفَّ قَرَارُ الْأَرْضِ بِرِيحِ الصَّبَا فَقَالَ ادْخُلُوهَا قَالُوا كُلُّ فَرِيقٍ مِنَّا يَدْخُلُ سِكَّةً مِنْ هَذِهِ السِّكَكِ لَا يَدْرِي مَا يَحْدُثُ عَلَى الْآخَرِينَ
Allah-azwj Commanded Musa-as that he-as strike the sea with their number, twelve strikes in twelve (different) places, to the side of that place, and he-as should be saying: ‘O Allah-azwj! By the virtue of Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws! Expose the ground for us and pattern the water from us’. There came to be in it, twelve complete paths, and the surface of the ground was dried out by the Al-Saba wind, and he-as said: ‘Enter it!’ They said, ‘Every group of us would enter a path from these paths not knowing what is happening upon the others’.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَاضْرِبْ كُلَّ طَوْدٍ مِنَ الْمَاءِ بَيْنَ هَذِهِ السِّكَكِ فَضَرَبَ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ بِجَاهِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ لَمَّا جَعَلْتَ هَذَا الْمَاءَ طَبَقَاتٍ وَاسِعَةً يَرَى بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً مِنْهَا فَحَدَثَتْ طَبَقَاتٌ وَاسِعَةٌ يَرَى بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً مِنْهَا ثُمَّ دَخَلُوهَا
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “Strike each mountain of water, a path between this’. He-as struck and said, ‘O Allah-azwj! By the virtue of Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws! Make a vast opening to be in this water, so some of them can see the others from it’. Openings occurred, vast enough from some of them to see the others from it. Then they entered it.
فَلَمَّا بَلَغُوا آخِرَهَا جَاءَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ قَوْمُهُ فَدَخَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ آخِرُهُمْ وَ هَمُّوا بِالْخُرُوجِ أَوَّلُهُمْ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْبَحْرَ فَانْطَبَقَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَغَرِقُوا وَ أَصْحَابُ مُوسَى يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ أَغْرَقْنا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ
When they reached the end of it, Pharaoh-la came over with his-as people. Some of them entered. When the last of them had entered, and they were the first ones with the exiting, Allah-azwj the Exalted Commanded the sea, and it formed Layers upon them, and they drowned while the companions of Musa-as were looking at them. That is the Speech of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and We Drowned the People of Pharaoh and you were looking on – at them’’.
قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي عَهْدِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص فَإِذَا كَانَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَعَلَ هَذَا كُلَّهُ بِأَسْلَافِكُمْ لِكَرَامَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ دُعَاءِ مُوسَى دُعَاءً تَقَرَّبَ بِهِمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ أَ فَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ أَنَّ عَلَيْكُمُ الْإِيمَانَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ إِذْ قَدْ شَاهَدْتُمُوهُ الْآنَ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to the Children of Israel regarding the era of Musa-as: ‘When Allah-azwj Exalted Did all of this with your ancestors for the prestige of Muhammad-saww, and the supplication of Musa-as – and he-as supplicated to be closer to Allah-azwj through them-asws – are you not using your intellect that upon you is to believe in Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws now, when you have witnessed it?’’.[100]
55- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ بَيْنَ قَوْلِهِ قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَعْوَتُكُما وَ بَيْنَ أَنْ أُخِذَ فِرْعَوْنُ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There was between His-azwj Words: I have Accepted the supplication of both of you, [10:89], and seizing of Pharaoh-la (a duration of) forty years’’.[101]
56- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا يَرْفَعُهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا صَارَ مُوسَى فِي الْبَحْرِ أَتْبَعَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ جُنُودُهُ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions raising it, he-asws said: ‘When Musa-as came to be in the sea, Pharaoh pursued him-as’.
قَالَ فَتَهَيَّبَ فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْبَحْرَ فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى رَمَكَةٍ فَلَمَّا رَأَى فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ الرَّمَكَةَ أَتْبَعَهَا فَدَخَلَ الْبَحْرَ هُوَ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ فَغَرِقُوا
He said-asws: ‘The horse of Pharaoh-la hesitated to enter the sea. Jibraeel-as resembled a mare to it When the horse of Pharaoh saw the mare, it followed it. Thus he-la and his-la companions entered the sea and were drowned’.[102]
57- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ أَبِي قُرَّةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَنَّهُ سَيُولَدُ لَكَ فَقَالَ لِسَارَةَ فَقَالَتْ أَ أَلِدُ وَ أَنَا عَجُوزٌ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهَا سَتَلِدُ وَ يُعَذَّبُ أَوْلَادُهَا أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ بِرَدِّهَا الْكَلَامَ عَلَيَّ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Al Fazl Bin Abu Qurra who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to Ibrahim: “There would be a birth for you-as”. He-as said to Sarah-as. She-as said, ‘ Will I-as give birth and I-as am an old woman?’ Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “She-as will be giving birth and her-as children will be Punished for four hundred years due to her-as rebuttal to Me-azwj!”
قَالَ فَلَمَّا طَالَ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْعَذَابُ ضَجُّوا وَ بَكَوْا إِلَى اللَّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ يُخَلِّصُهُمْ مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ فَحَطَّ عَنْهُمْ سَبْعِينَ وَ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ
He-asws said: ‘When the Punishment was prolonged upon the Children of Israel, they raised a clamour and cried to Allah-azwj for forty mornings. Allah-azwj Revealed to Musa-as and Haroun-as to finish them off from Pharaoh-la, so one hundred and seventy years were removed from them’.
قَالَ وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ هَكَذَا أَنْتُمْ لَوْ فَعَلْتُمْ لَفَرَّجَ اللَّهُ عَنَّا فَأَمَّا إِذْ لَمْ تَكُونُوا فَإِنَّ الْأَمْرَ يَنْتَهِي إِلَى مُنْتَهَاهُ
He (the narrator) said: ‘And Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘This is how you (Shias) are, if you were to do for Relief of Allah-azwj about us-asws. But, if you do not become (so), then the matter will end up to its peak’’.[103]
58- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ سَلَّامٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسى تِسْعَ آياتٍ بَيِّناتٍ قَالَ الطُّوفَانُ وَ الْجَرَادُ وَ الْقُمَّلُ وَ الضَّفَادِعُ وَ الدَّمُ وَ الْحَجَرُ وَ الْبَحْرُ وَ الْعَصَا وَ يَدُهُ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Salam,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And We had Given Musa nine clear Signs [17:101], he-asws said: ‘The flood, and the locusts, and the lice, and the frogs, and the blood, and the sea, and the staff, and the hand’’.[104]
59- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ذَكَرَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ يا فِرْعَوْنُ يَا عَاصِي
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Al Abbas,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws having mentioned the Words of Allah-azwj: ‘O Pharaoh, [17:102] – O disobedient!’’[105]
60- نهج، نهج البلاغة فَأَوْجَسَ مُوسَى خِيفَةً عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَشْفَقَ مِنْ غَلَبَةِ الْجُهَّالِ وَ دُوَلِ الضَّلَالِ
‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – So Musa conceived fear within himself [20:67] – Rather he-as was apprehensive from the ignorant ones overcoming and the rule of the straying ones’’.[106]
61- نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي الْخُطْبَةِ الْقَاصِعَةِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ يَخْتَبِرُ عِبَادَهُ الْمُسْتَكْبِرِينَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ بِأَوْلِيَائِهِ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ فِي أَعْيُنِهِمْ وَ لَقَدْ دَخَلَ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ وَ مَعَهُ أَخُوهُ هَارُونُ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ عَلَيْهِمَا مَدَارِعُ الصُّوفِ وَ بِأَيْدِيهِمَا الْعِصِيُّ
‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said in a sermon of ‘Al-Qasa’at’: ‘Surely Allah-azwj the Glorious Tries His-azwj who are arrogant within themselves, through His-azwj friends, the ones weak in their eyes. And Musa-as Bin Imran-as had entered to see Pharaoh-la, and with him-as was his-as brother-as Haroun-as; upon them-as were woollen shawls and in their-as hands was the staff.
فَشَرَطَا لَهُ إِنْ أَسْلَمَ بَقَاءَ مُلْكِهِ وَ دَوَامَ عِزِّهِ فَقَالَ أَ لَا تَعْجَبُونَ مِنْ هَذَيْنِ يَشْرِطَانِ لِي دَوَامَ الْعِزِّ وَ بَقَاءَ الْمُلْكِ وَ هُمَا بِمَا تَرَوْنَ مِنْ حَالِ الْفَقْرِ وَ الذُّلِّ فَهَلَّا أُلْقِيَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَسَاوِرَةٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ إِعْظَاماً لِلذَّهَبِ وَ جَمْعِهِ وَ احْتِقَاراً لِلصُّوفِ وَ لُبْسِهِ
They both stipulated to him-as the survival of his-la kingdom and the perpetuity of his-la honour, but he-la said, ‘Are you all not wondering from these two stipulating to me-la of the perpetuity of the honour and the survival of the kingdom while they both are (wearing) what you are seeing, a state of the poverty and disgrace? How come they have not cast upon them bangles of gold?’ – as a reverence to the gold and his-la own possessions and belittling of the wool and its wearing.
وَ لَوْ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ بِأَنْبِيَائِهِ حَيْثُ بَعَثَهُمْ أَنْ يَفْتَحَ لَهُمْ كُنُوزَ الذِّهْبَانِ وَ مَعَادِنَ الْعِقْيَانِ وَ مَغَارِسَ الْجِنَانِ وَ أَنْ يَحْشُرَ مَعَهُمْ طَيْرَ السَّمَاءِ وَ وُحُوشَ الْأَرْضِ لَفَعَلَ وَ لَوْ فَعَلَ لَسَقَطَ الْبَلَاءُ وَ بَطَلَ الْجَزَاءُ وَ اضْمَحَلَّ الْأَنْبَاءُ وَ لَمَا وَجَبَ لِلْقَابِلِينَ أُجُورُ الْمُبْتَلَيْنَ وَ لَا اسْتَحَقَّ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ ثَوَابَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ
And if Allah-azwj the Glorious Wanted with His-azwj Prophets-as, when He-azwj Sent them-as, would have Opened for them-as treasures of the gold and mines of the jewels, and plantations of the gardens, and would have gathered with them the birds of the sky and beasts of the earth, would have Done so; and if He-azwj had Done so, the calamities would have befallen, and the Reckoning would have been invalidated, and the news would have disappeared, and the Recompense of the falsifiers would have been Obligated for the accepters, nor would the Momineen have been rightful for the rewards of the good doers’’.[107]
Notes –
و في بعض الروايات أن موسى و هارون لما انصرفا من عند فرعون أصابهما المطر في الطريق فأتيا على عجوز من أقرباء أمهما و وجه فرعون الطلب في أثرهما فلما دخل عليهما الليل ناما في دارها و جاءت الطلب إلى الباب و العجوز متنبهة
And in one of the reports – ‘When Musa-as and Haroun-as left from the presence of Pharaoh-la, the rain hit them-as in the road. They-as came to an old woman from the the relatives of their-as mother, and Pharaoh-la dispatched searchers in their-as tracks. When the night entered, they-as slept in her house, and the searchers came to the door, and the old woman awakened.
فلما أحست بهم خافت عليهما فخرجت العصا من صير الباب و العجوز تنظر فقاتلتهم حتى قتلت منهم سبعة أنفس ثم عادت و دخلت الدار فلما انتبه موسى و هارون أخبرتهما بقصة الطلب و نكاية العصا منهم فآمنت بهما و صدقتهما
When she sensed them, she feared upon them-as. The staff emerged from an opening in the door, and the old woman was watching. It fought them until it killed seven persons from them, then returned and entered the house. When Musa-as and Haroun-as woke up, she informed them-as of the story of the searchers and retribution of the staff from them-as. She believed in them-as and ratified them-as’.
باب 5 أحوال مؤمن آل فرعون و امرأة فرعون
CHAPTER 5 – STATE OF THE MOMIN OF THE PEOPLE OF PHARAOH-la AND WIFE OF PHARAOH-la
الآيات المؤمن وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنا مُوسى بِآياتِنا وَ سُلْطانٍ مُبِينٍ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Momin: And we had Sent Musa with Our Signs and a clear Authorisation [40:23]
إِلى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ هامانَ وَ قارُونَ فَقالُوا ساحِرٌ كَذَّابٌ
To Pharaoh, and Haman, and Qaroun, but they said, ‘(He is) a lying magician!’ [40:24]
فَلَمَّا جاءَهُمْ بِالْحَقِّ مِنْ عِنْدِنا قالُوا اقْتُلُوا أَبْناءَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ وَ اسْتَحْيُوا نِساءَهُمْ وَ ما كَيْدُ الْكافِرِينَ إِلَّا فِي ضَلالٍ
So when he came to them with the Truth from Our Presence, they said, ‘Kill the sons of those who believe along with him, and keep their womenfolk alive’. And the Kafirs do not plot except in straying [40:25]
وَ قالَ فِرْعَوْنُ ذَرُونِي أَقْتُلْ مُوسى وَ لْيَدْعُ رَبَّهُ إِنِّي أَخافُ أَنْ يُبَدِّلَ دِينَكُمْ أَوْ أَنْ يُظْهِرَ فِي الْأَرْضِ الْفَسادَ
And Pharaoh said, ‘Leave me alone! I will kill Musa, and let him supplicate to his Lord. I fear that he would either replace your religion or otherwise the mischief would appear in the land’ [40:26]
وَ قالَ مُوسى إِنِّي عُذْتُ بِرَبِّي وَ رَبِّكُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ مُتَكَبِّرٍ لا يُؤْمِنُ بِيَوْمِ الْحِسابِ
And Musa said: ‘I take Refuge with my Lord and your Lord, from every arrogant one not believing in the Day of Reckoning [40:27]
وَ قالَ رَجُلٌ مُؤْمِنٌ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَكْتُمُ إِيمانَهُ أَ تَقْتُلُونَ رَجُلًا أَنْ يَقُولَ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ وَ قَدْ جاءَكُمْ بِالْبَيِّناتِ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ إِنْ يَكُ كاذِباً فَعَلَيْهِ كَذِبُهُ وَ إِنْ يَكُ صادِقاً يُصِبْكُمْ بَعْضُ الَّذِي يَعِدُكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَهْدِي مَنْ هُوَ مُسْرِفٌ كَذَّابٌ
And a Momin man from the people of Pharaoh who had concealed his Eman said, ‘Will you kill a man who is saying, ‘My Lord is Allah’, and he has come to you with the proofs from your Lord? And if he happens to be a liar, then upon him would be his lie, and if he happens to be truthful, some of that which he promises you will afflict you. Surely Allah does not Guide one who is extravagant, a liar. [40:28]
يا قَوْمِ لَكُمُ الْمُلْكُ الْيَوْمَ ظاهِرِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَمَنْ يَنْصُرُنا مِنْ بَأْسِ اللَّهِ إِنْ جاءَنا قالَ فِرْعَوْنُ ما أُرِيكُمْ إِلَّا ما أَرى وَ ما أَهْدِيكُمْ إِلَّا سَبِيلَ الرَّشادِ
O people! Today the kingdom is for you, being dominant in the land, but who will help us from the Punishment of Allah if it comes to us?’ Pharaoh said, ‘I do not show you except what I see, and I do not guide you except to the right way’ [40:29]
وَ قالَ الَّذِي آمَنَ يا قَوْمِ إِنِّي أَخافُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِثْلَ يَوْمِ الْأَحْزابِ
And the one who believed said, ‘O my people! I fear upon you the like of (what befell on) the day of the confederates (allies against Allah) [40:30]
مِثْلَ دَأْبِ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ وَ عادٍ وَ ثَمُودَ وَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ وَ مَا اللَّهُ يُرِيدُ ظُلْماً لِلْعِبادِ
Like the plight of the people of Noah, and Aad, and those from after them, and Allah does not Want injustice for the servants [40:31]
وَ يا قَوْمِ إِنِّي أَخافُ عَلَيْكُمْ يَوْمَ التَّنادِ
And, O my people! I fear upon you the Day of the Calling [40:32]
يَوْمَ تُوَلُّونَ مُدْبِرِينَ ما لَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ عاصِمٍ وَ مَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَما لَهُ مِنْ هادٍ
A Day you will be turning back retreating, there being no saviour for you from Allah. And one whom Allah Lets to stray, so there would be no guide for him [40:33]
وَ لَقَدْ جاءَكُمْ يُوسُفُ مِنْ قَبْلُ بِالْبَيِّناتِ فَما زِلْتُمْ فِي شَكٍّ مِمَّا جاءَكُمْ بِهِ حَتَّى إِذا هَلَكَ قُلْتُمْ لَنْ يَبْعَثَ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ رَسُولًا كَذلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَنْ هُوَ مُسْرِفٌ مُرْتابٌ
And Yusuf had come to you before with the clear Proofs, but you never ceased to be in doubt as to what he came to you with, until when he passed away, you said, ‘Allah will never Send a Rasool from after him’. Like that Allah Lets to stray one who is extravagant, a doubter [40:34]
و قال تعالى المؤمن وَ قالَ الَّذِي آمَنَ يا قَوْمِ اتَّبِعُونِ أَهْدِكُمْ سَبِيلَ الرَّشادِ
(Surah) Al Momin – And the Exalted Said: And the one who believed said, ‘O my people! Follow me, I will guide you to the right Way [40:38]
يا قَوْمِ إِنَّما هذِهِ الْحَياةُ الدُّنْيا مَتاعٌ وَ إِنَّ الْآخِرَةَ هِيَ دارُ الْقَرارِ
O my people! But rather, this is the life of the world, a (temporary) enjoyment, and surely the Hereafter, it is the House of (permanent) settlement [40:39]
مَنْ عَمِلَ سَيِّئَةً فَلا يُجْزى إِلَّا مِثْلَها وَ مَنْ عَمِلَ صالِحاً مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثى وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَأُولئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ يُرْزَقُونَ فِيها بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
One who does evil deeds, so he would not be Recompensed except for its like, and one who does righteous deeds, from male or female, and he is a Momin, they would be entering the Paradise, being Sustained therein without measure [40:40]
وَ يا قَوْمِ ما لِي أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى النَّجاةِ وَ تَدْعُونَنِي إِلَى النَّارِ
And, O my people! What is the matter, I call you to the salvation and (but) you are calling me to the Fire? [40:41]
تَدْعُونَنِي لِأَكْفُرَ بِاللَّهِ وَ أُشْرِكَ بِهِ ما لَيْسَ لِي بِهِ عِلْمٌ وَ أَنَا أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى الْعَزِيزِ الْغَفَّارِ
You call on me to disbelieve in Allah and associate with Him, what there isn’t any knowledge of with it for me, and I call you to the Mighty, the Forgiving [40:42]
لا جَرَمَ أَنَّما تَدْعُونَنِي إِلَيْهِ لَيْسَ لَهُ دَعْوَةٌ فِي الدُّنْيا وَ لا فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَ أَنَّ مَرَدَّنا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ أَنَّ الْمُسْرِفِينَ هُمْ أَصْحابُ النَّارِ
Rather, there is no doubt, what you are calling me to, there isn’t any entitlement for it, neither in the world nor in the Hereafter, and our turning is to Allah; and the extravagant, they are the inmates of the Fire [40:43]
فَسَتَذْكُرُونَ ما أَقُولُ لَكُمْ وَ أُفَوِّضُ أَمْرِي إِلَى اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَصِيرٌ بِالْعِبادِ
So, you will be remembering what I am saying to you, and I entrust my matters to Allah, surely Allah Sees the servants’ [40:44]
فَوَقاهُ اللَّهُ سَيِّئاتِ ما مَكَرُوا وَ حاقَ بِآلِ فِرْعَوْنَ سُوءُ الْعَذابِ
So Allah Saved him from the evil of what they planned, and there befell with the people of Pharaoh, the most evil of the Punishment [40:45]
النَّارُ يُعْرَضُونَ عَلَيْها غُدُوًّا وَ عَشِيًّا وَ يَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ أَدْخِلُوا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَشَدَّ الْعَذابِ
The Fire – they would be presented to it morning and evening; and on the Day the Hour would be Established, the people of Pharaoh would be entered into the severest Punishment [40:46]
التحريم وَ ضَرَبَ اللَّهُ مَثَلًا لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا امْرَأَتَ فِرْعَوْنَ إِذْ قالَتْ رَبِّ ابْنِ لِي عِنْدَكَ بَيْتاً فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ نَجِّنِي مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ عَمَلِهِ وَ نَجِّنِي مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
(Surah) Al Tahreem: And Allah Strikes an example for those who believe – wife of Pharaoh when she said, ‘Lord! Build for me in Your Presence a house in the Paradise and Rescue me from Pharaoh and his deeds, and Rescue me from the unjust people!’ [66:11]
Notes –
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ التَّقِيَّةُ مِنْ دِينِي وَ دِينِ آبَائِي وَ لَا دِينَ لِمَنْ لَا تَقِيَّةَ لَهُ وَ التَّقِيَّةُ تُرْسُ اللَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ لِأَنَّ مُؤْمِنَ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ لَوْ أَظْهَرَ الْإِسْلَامَ لَقُتِلَ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The Taqiyyah (dissimulation) is from my religion, and religion my forefathers, and there is no religion for the one having no Taqiyyah forhim, and the Taqiyyah is a shield of Allah in the earth, because the believer of the People of Pharaoh, had he revealed Al-Islam, he would have been killed’.
وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ذَلِكَ فِي الدُّنْيَا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لِأَنَّ نَارَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا يَكُونُ غُدُوّاً وَ عَشِيّاً
And Abu Abdullah said (Regarding: The Fire – they would be presented to it morning and evening; [40:46]): ‘That is in the world before the Day of Qiyamah, because fire of the Qiyamah cannot be (only) in the morning and evening’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنْ كَانُوا إِنَّمَا يُعَذَّبُونَ فِي النَّارِ غُدُوّاً وَ عَشِيّاً فَفِيمَا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ هُمْ مِنَ السُّعَدَاءِ وَ لَكِنْ هَذَا فِي نَارِ الْبَرْزَخِ قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ أَ لَمْ تَسْمَعْ قَوْلَهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ يَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ أَدْخِلُوا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَشَدَّ الْعَذابِ
Then he said: ‘If they have been presented in the Fire morning and evening, then in (the period) between the two, they would be from the fortunate ones, but this is in the fire of the purgatory (Barzakh) before the Day of Qiyamah. Have you not heard Words of the Mighty and Majestic: and on the Day the Hour would be Established, the people of Pharaoh would be entered into the severest Punishment [40:46]?’
1- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام ج، الإحتجاج بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ حِزْبِيلُ مُؤْمِنُ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَدْعُو قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ إِلَى تَوْحِيدِ اللَّهِ وَ نُبُوَّةِ مُوسَى وَ تَفْضِيلِ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى جَمِيعِ رُسُلِ اللَّهِ وَ خَلْقِهِ وَ تَفْضِيلِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ الْخِيَارِ مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ عَلَى سَائِرِ أَوْصِيَاءِ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ إِلَى الْبَرَاءَةِ مِنْ رُبُوبِيَّةِ فِرْعَوْنَ
‘Tafseer of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) – By the chain to Abu Muhammad Al-Askari-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘And it was so that Hizkeel, the Momin with the people of Pharaoh-la, those who informed of him to Pharaoh-la had the attitude similar to this. Hizkeel was calling them to the Tawheed of Allah-azwj and Prophet-hood of Musa-as, and preferring Muhammad-saww, Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj over the entirety of the Rasools-as of Allah-azwj and His-azwj creatures, and the preferring of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and the Chosen ones from the Imams-asws over the rest of the successors-as of the Prophets-as – and to the disavowing from the lordship (claimed by) Pharaoh-la.
فَوَشَى بِهِ الْوَاشُونَ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ قَالُوا إِنَّ حِزْبِيلَ يَدْعُو إِلَى مُخَالَفَتِكَ وَ يُعِينُ أَعْدَاءَكَ عَلَى مُضَادَّتِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ ابْنُ عَمِّي وَ خَلِيفَتِي عَلَى مُلْكِي وَ وَلِيُّ عَهْدِي إِنْ فَعَلَ مَا قُلْتُمْ فَقَدِ اسْتَحَقَّ أَشَدَّ الْعَذَابِ عَلَى كُفْرِهِ نِعْمَتِي فَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ كَاذِبِينَ فَقَدِ اسْتَحْقَقْتُمْ أَشَدَّ الْعَذَابِ لِإِيثَارِكُمُ الدُّخُولَ فِي مَكَانِهِ
The informants informed Pharaoh-la with it, and they said, ‘Hizkeel is calling to your-la opposition, and is assisting your-la enemies upon countering you-la’. Pharaoh-la said to them, ‘He is my-la cousin and my-la successor upon my-la kingdom and my-la heir-apparent. If he has done what you are saying, then he deserves the severe punishment upon his disbelief in my-la bounties; and if you are lying against him, then you would be deserving of the severe punishment, due to your interfering in his position’.
فَجَاءَ بِحِزْبِيلَ وَ جَاءَ بِهِمْ فَكَاشَفُوهُ وَ قَالُوا أَنْتَ تَجْحَدُ رُبُوبِيَّةَ فِرْعَوْنَ الْمَلِكِ وَ تَكْفُرُ نَعْمَاءَهُ فَقَالَ حِزْبِيلُ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ هَلْ جَرَّبْتَ عَلَيَّ كَذِباً قَطُّ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَسَلْهُمْ مَنْ رَبُّهُمْ فَقَالُوا فِرْعَوْنُ قَالَ وَ مَنْ خَالِقُكُمْ قَالُوا فِرْعَوْنُ هَذَا
They came with Hizkeel and they came with them, and they (tried) to expose him, and they said, ‘You are rejecting the lordship of Pharaoh-la the king and are being ungrateful to his-la bounties’. Hizkeel said, ‘O you king-la! Have you-la ever experienced a lie upon me at all?’ He-la said, ‘No’. He said, ‘Then ask them who their lord is’. They said, ‘This Pharaoh-la’. He said to them, ‘And who created you all?’ They said, ‘This Pharaoh-la’. He said to them, ‘And who is your sustainer, the guarantor of your livelihoods, and the defender from you of your adversities?’ They said, ‘This Pharaoh-la’.
قَالَ وَ مَنْ رَازِقُكُمُ الْكَافِلُ لِمَعَايِشِكُمْ وَ الدَّافِعُ عَنْكُمْ مَكَارِهَكُمْ قَالُوا فِرْعَوْنُ هَذَا قَالَ حِزْبِيلُ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ فَأُشْهِدُكَ وَ كُلَّ مَنْ حَضَرَكَ أَنَّ رَبَّهُمْ هُوَ رَبِّي وَ خَالِقَهُمْ هُوَ خَالِقِي وَ رَازِقَهُمْ هُوَ رَازِقِي وَ مُصْلِحَ مَعَايِشِهِمْ هُوَ مُصْلِحُ مَعَايِشِي لَا رَبَّ لِي وَ لَا خَالِقَ وَ لَا رَازِقَ غَيْرُ رَبِّهِمْ وَ خَالِقِهِمْ وَ رَازِقِهِمْ
Hizkeel said, ‘O you king-la! I hereby testify to you-la and everyone in your-la presence that their Lord-azwj, He-azwj is my Lord-azwj, and their Creator, He-azwj is my Creator, and their Sustainer, He-azwj is my Sustainer, and the Reformer of their lives, He-azwj is the Reformer of my life. There is neither a Lord-azwj, or a Creator, nor a Sustainer apart from their Lord-azwj, and their Creator, and their Sustainer.
وَ أُشْهِدُكَ وَ مَنْ حَضَرَكَ أَنَّ كُلَّ رَبٍّ وَ خَالِقٍ وَ رَازِقٍ سِوَى رَبِّهِمْ وَ خَالِقِهِمْ وَ رَازِقِهِمْ فَأَنَا بَرِيءٌ مِنْهُ وَ مِنْ رُبُوبِيَّتِهِ وَ كَافِرٌ بِإِلَهِيَّتِهِ
And I hereby testify to you-la and the ones in your-la presence that every lord, and creator, and sustainer, besides their Lord-azwj, and their Creator, and their Sustainer, I am disavowing from him and from his lordship, and a disbeliever in god-hood (Divinity)’.
يَقُولُ حِزْبِيلُ هَذَا وَ هُوَ يَعْنِي أَنَّ رَبَّهُمْ هُوَ اللَّهُ رَبِّي وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ إِنَّ الَّذِي قَالُوا إِنَّهُ رَبُّهُمْ هُوَ رَبِّي وَ خَفِيَ هَذَا الْمَعْنَى عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَنْ حَضَرَهُ وَ تَوَهَّمُوا أَنَّهُ يَقُولُ فِرْعَوْنُ رَبِّي وَ خَالِقِي وَ رَازِقِي
Hizkeel was saying this, and he meant by, ‘Their Lord-azwj, He-azwj is Allah-azwj, my Lord-azwj’, and he did not say, ‘The one who they are saying that he is their lord, he is my lord’ – and this meaning was hidden upon Pharaoh-la and the ones in his-la presence – And they were thinking that he was saying, ‘Pharaoh-la is my lord, and my creator, and my sustainer’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ يَا رِجَالَ السَّوْءِ وَ يَا طُلَّابَ الْفَسَادِ فِي مُلْكِي وَ مُرِيدِي الْفِتْنَةِ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ ابْنِ عَمِّي وَ هُوَ عَضُدِي أَنْتُمُ الْمُسْتَحِقُّونَ لِعَذَابِي لِإِرَادَتِكُمْ فَسَادَ أَمْرِي وَ إِهْلَاكَ ابْنِ عَمِّي وَ الْفَتَّ فِي عَضُدِي
He (Pharaoh-la) said to them: ‘O you evil men, and O you seekers of the mischief in my-la kingdom, and intenders of the strife between me-la and my-la cousin! – and he is my-la support. You are the ones deserving of my-la punishment due to your intentions of corrupting my-la matter and destroying my-la cousin, and weakening my-la support’.
ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِالْأَوْتَادِ فَجَعَلَ فِي سَاقِ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ وَتِداً وَ فِي صَدْرِهِ وَتِداً وَ أَمَرَ أَصْحَابَ أَمْشَاطِ الْحَدِيدِ فَشَقُّوا بِهَا لُحُومَهُمْ مِنْ أَبْدَانِهِمْ
Then he-la ordered with the pegs and made these to be in the leg of each one of them as a wedge, and a wedge in his chest, and ordered with owners of the iron combs, so they pierced their flesh with these from their bodies.
فَذَلِكَ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَوَقاهُ اللَّهُ يَعْنِي حِزْبِيلَ سَيِّئاتِ ما مَكَرُوا بِهِ لَمَّا وَشَوْا بِهِ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ لِيَهْلِكُوهُ وَ حاقَ بِآلِ فِرْعَوْنَ سُوءُ الْعَذابِ وَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ وَشَوْا بِحِزْبِيلَ إِلَيْهِ لَمَّا أَوْتَدَ فِيهِمُ الْأَوْتَادَ وَ مَشَّطَ عَنْ أَبْدَانِهِمْ لُحُومَهَا بِالْأَمْشَاطِ الْخَبَرَ
That is what Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: So Allah Saved him [40:45] – meaning Hizkeel, from the evil of what they planned with, due to what they had informed Pharaoh-la with in order to destroy him, and the most evil punishment overtook Pharaoh’s people – released upon them, and they were those who had informed of Hizkeel to him-la – for what he-la wedged into them the pegs – and combed their bodies of its flesh, with the (iron) combs’ – the Hadeeth’.[108]
2 – ل: عبد الله بن محمد بن عبد الوهاب، عن أحمد بن الفضل، عن منصور بن عبد الله الاصبهاني، عن علي بن عبد الله، عن محمد بن هارون بن حميد، عن محمد بن المغيرة الشهرزوري، عن يحيى بن الحسين المدائني، عن أبي لهيعة، عن أبي الزبير، عن جابر بن عبد الله قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله: ثلاثة لم يكفروا بالوحي طرفة عين: مؤمن آل ياسين، وعلي ابن أبي طالب، وآسية امرأة فرعون.
Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahab, from Ahmad Bin Al Fazl, from Mansour Bin Abdullah Al Asbahany, from Ali Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Haroun Bin Hameed, from Muhammad Bin Al Mugheira Al Shahrouzy, from Yahya Bin Al-Husayn Al Madainy, from Abu Lahiya, from Abu Al Zubeyr, from Jabir Bin Abdullah who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There did not disbelieve in the Revelation even for the blink of an eye – Momin of the people of Pharaoh-la, and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and Aasiya wife of Pharaoh-la’’.[109]
3- ل، الخصال مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مَنِيعٍ عَنْ شَيْبَانَ بْنِ فَرُّوخَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي الْفُرَاتِ عَنْ عِلْبَاءِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: خَطَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعَ خُطَطٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ قَالَ أَ تَدْرُونَ مَا هَذَا قُلْنَا اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَفْضَلُ نِسَاءِ الْجَنَّةِ أَرْبَعٌ خَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ وَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مَرْيَمُ بِنْتُ عِمْرَانَ وَ آسِيَةُ بِنْتُ مُزَاحِمٍ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Ismail, from Abu al Qasim Bin Manie, from Shayban Bin Furouj, from Dawood Bin Abu Al Furat, from Alba’a Bin Ahmad, from Ikrama (Non-Shia source), from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww drew four lines in the ground and said: ‘Do you know what this is?’ We said, ‘Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww know’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The most superior of the women of the Paradise are four – Khadeeja-asws Bint Khuwaylid-as, and Fatima-asws Bint Muhammad-saww, and Maryam Bint Imran-as, and Aasiya Bint Mazaham-as wife of Pharaoh-la’’.[110]
4- ل، الخصال سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ اللَّخْمِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ حَجَّاجِ بْنِ مِنْهَالٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي الْفُرَاتِ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ عِلْبَاءٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: خَطَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعَ خُطُوطٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ خَيْرُ نِسَاءِ الْجَنَّةِ مَرْيَمُ بِنْتُ عِمْرَانَ وَ خَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ وَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آسِيَةُ بِنْتُ مُزَاحِمٍ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – Suleyman Bin Ahmad Al Lakhmy, from Ali Bin Abdul Aziz, from Hajaj Bin Minhal Bin Dawood Bin Abu Al Furat Al Kindy, from Alba, from Ikramah (Non-Shia source), from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww drew four lines (in the ground), then said: ‘The best of the women of the Paradise are Maryam Bint Imran-as, and Khadeeja-asws Bint Khuwaylid-as, and Fatima-asws Bint Muhammad-saww, and Aasiya Bint Mazaham-as wife of Pharaoh-la’’.[111]
5- فس، تفسير القمي وَ قالَ رَجُلٌ مُؤْمِنٌ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَكْتُمُ إِيمانَهُ قَالَ كَتَمَ إِيمَانَهُ سِتَّمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ قَالَ وَ كَانَ مَجْذُوماً مُكَنَّعاً وَ هُوَ الَّذِي قَدْ وَقَعَتْ أَصَابِعُهُ وَ كَانَ يُشِيرُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ بِيَدَيْهِ الْمَكْنُوعَتَيْنِ وَ يَقُولُ يا قَوْمِ اتَّبِعُونِ أَهْدِكُمْ سَبِيلَ الرَّشادِ قَوْلُهُ فَوَقاهُ اللَّهُ سَيِّئاتِ ما مَكَرُوا يَعْنِي مُؤْمِنَ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ قَطَعُوهُ إِرْباً إِرْباً وَ لَكِنْ وَقَاهُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَفْتِنُوهُ فِي دِينِهِ وَ عِزَّةِ فِرْعَوْنَ لَا أَكْتُمُ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَخْبَرَ فِرْعَوْنَ عَلَى رُءُوسِ النَّاسِ بِمَا رَأَى وَ كَتَمَ الْآخَرُ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! They cut him (the believer of the people of Pharaoh-la) into pieces and pieces, but Allah-azwj Saved him, and the honour of Pharaoh-la was not hidden unto him, and he informed Pharaoh-la upon heads of the people of what he had seen, and the other one concealed it.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ حِزْبِيلُ قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِلرَّجُلَيْنِ مَنْ رَبُّكُمَا قَالا أَنْتَ فَقَالَ لِحِزْبِيلَ وَ مَنْ رَبُّكَ قَالَ رَبِّي رَبُّهُمَا فَظَنَّ فِرْعَوْنُ أَنَّهُ يَعْنِيهِ
When Hizbeel entered, Pharaoh-la said to the two men, ‘Who is your Lord-la?’ They said, ‘You-la are!’ He-la said to Hizbeel, ‘And who is your Lord-azwj?’ He said, ‘My Lord-azwj is their Lord-azwj’. Pharaoh-la thought he meant him-la.
فَوَقاهُ اللَّهُ سَيِّئاتِ ما مَكَرُوا وَ حاقَ بِآلِ فِرْعَوْنَ سُوءُ الْعَذابِ وَ سُرَّ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ أَمَرَ بِالْأَوَّلِ فَصُلِبَ فَنَجَا اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنَ وَ آمَنَ الْآخَرُ بِمُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَتَّى قُتِلَ مَعَ السَّحَرَةِ
So Allah Saved him from the evil of what they planned, and there befell with the people of Pharaoh, the most evil of the Punishment [40:45], and Pharaoh-la was pleased and ordered with the first one to be crucified. Allah-azwj Saved the believer and the other one believed in Musa-as until he was killed along with the magicians’. [112]
6- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام حِزْبِيلُ هُوَ مُؤْمِنُ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ أَرْسَلَ فِرْعَوْنُ رَجُلَيْنِ فِي طَلَبِهِ فَانْطَلَقَا فِي طَلَبِهِ فَوَجَدَاهُ قَائِماً يُصَلِّي بَيْنَ الْجِبَالِ وَ الْوُحُوشُ خَلْفَهُ فَأَرَادَا أَنْ يُعَجِّلَاهُ عَنْ صَلَاتِهِ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ دَابَّةً مِنْ تِلْكَ الْوُحُوشِ كَأَنَّهَا بَعِيرٌ أَنْ تَحُولَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَطَرَدَتْهُمَا عَنْهُ حَتَّى قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ
Qasas Al-Anbiya’ – ‘Hizbeel, he is the believer of the people of Pharaoh-la. Pharaoh-la sent two men in his search. They found him standing praying between the mountains and the beasts were behind him. They wanted to hasten him from his Salat. But, Allah-azwj Commanded an animal from those beasts to be like a camel and be a barrier between them and the believer. It repelled them from him until he fulfilled his Salat.
فَلَمَّا رَآهُمَا أَوْجَسَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً وَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ أَجِرْنِي مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ فَإِنَّكَ إِلَهِي عَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَ بِكَ آمَنْتُ وَ إِلَيْكَ أَنَبْتُ أَسْأَلُكَ يَا إِلَهِي إِنْ كَانَ هَذَانِ الرَّجُلَانِ يُرِيدَانِ بِي سُوءاً فَسَلِّطْ عَلَيْهِمَا فِرْعَوْنَ وَ عَجِّلْ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنْ هُمَا أَرَادَانِي بِخَيْرٍ فَاهْدِهِمَا
When he saw them he felt fear within himself, and said, ‘O Lord-azwj! Rescue me from Pharaoh-la, for You-azwj are my God-azwj! I have relied upon You-azwj and have believed in You-azwj, and am penitent to You-azwj! I ask You, O my God-azwj! If these two men are intending evil with me, Cause Pharaoh-la to overcome upon them and Hasten that, and they are intending good with me, then Guide them!’
فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى دَخَلَا عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ لِيُخْبِرَاهُ بِالَّذِي عَايَنَاهُ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا مَا الَّذِي نَفَعَكَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ فَكَتَمَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ الْآخَرُ
They went until they entered to see Pharaoh-la to inform him of that which they had witnessed. One of them said (within himself), ‘What is that which would benefit you if he is killed?’ He concealed upon him. The other one said it’.
سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ الْحُرِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ فَوَقاهُ اللَّهُ سَيِّئاتِ ما مَكَرُوا قَالَ أَمَا لَقَدْ سَطَوْا عَلَيْهِ وَ قَتَلُوهُ وَ لَكِنْ أَ تَدْرُونَ مَا وَقَاهُ وَقَاهُ أَنْ يَفْتِنُوهُ فِي دِينِهِ
My father, from Ali Bin Al Numan, from Ayoub Bin Al Hurr,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: So Allah Saved him from the evil of what they planned [40:45]. He-asws said: ‘They had pillaged them and murdered them, but do you know what he was Saved from? He was Saved from the Fitna in his Religion’’.[113]
Note –
وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِي مَرَّتْ بِي رَائِحَةٌ طَيِّبَةٌ فَقُلْتُ لِجَبْرَئِيلَ مَا هَذِهِ الرَّائِحَةُ قَالَ هَذِهِ مَاشِطَةُ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ أَوْلَادُهَا كَانَتْ تَمْشُطُهَا فَوَقَعَتِ الْمُشْطَةُ مِنْ يَدِهَا فَقَالَتْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ
And it is reported from Ibn Abbas that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When there was an ascension with me-saww a pleasant aroma passed by me-saww. I-saww said to Jibraeel-as: ‘What is this aroma?’ He-as said: ‘This is (aroma of) the hairdresser of the people of Pharaoh-la and her children who was combing their hair, and the comb fell from her hand. She said, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj!’
فَقَالَتْ بِنْتُ فِرْعَوْنَ أَبِي فَقَالَتْ لَا بَلْ رَبِّي وَ رَبُّكِ وَ رَبُّ أَبِيكِ فَقَالَتْ لَأُخْبِرَنَّ بِذَلِكِ أَبِي فَقَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ فَدَعَا بِهَا وَ بِوُلْدِهَا وَ قَالَ مَنْ رَبُّكِ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ رَبِّي وَ رَبُّكَ اللَّهُ
The daughter of Pharaoh-la said, ‘My father-la!’ She said, ‘No, but my Lord-azwj and Lord-azwj of your father-la!’ She said, ‘Shall I inform my father-la of that?’ She said, ‘Yes’. She informed him-la. He-la summoned her and her children and said, ‘Who is your Lord-azwj?’ She said, ‘My Lord-azwj and your Lord-azwj is Allah-azwj!’
فَأَمَرَ بِتَنُّورٍ مِنْ نُحَاسٍ فَأُحْمِيَ فَدَعَا بِهَا وَ بِوُلْدِهَا فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ لِي إِلَيْكَ حَاجَةً قَالَ وَ مَا هِيَ قَالَتْ تَجْمَعُ عِظَامِي وَ عِظَامَ وُلْدِي فَتَدْفَنُهَا قَالَ ذَاكِ لَكِ لِمَا لَكِ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ حَقٍّ
He-la ordered for an over of brass and heated it. He-la summoned her and her children. She said, ‘There is a request for me to you-la’. He said, ‘And what is it?’ She said, ‘You-la will gather my bones and the bones of my children and bury them’. He-la said, ‘That is a right for you upon us!’
فَأَمَرَ بِأَوْلَادِهَا فَأُلْقُوا وَاحِداً وَاحِداً فِي التَّنُّورِ حَتَّى كَانَ آخِرُ وُلْدِهَا وَ كَانَ صَبِيّاً مُرْضَعاً فَقَالَ اصْبِرِي يَا أُمَّاهْ إِنَّكِ عَلَى الْحَقِّ فَأُلْقِيَتْ فِي التَّنُّورِ مَعَ وُلْدِهَا
He-la ordered with her children to be thrown into the over, one by one, until it was (the turn of) the last of her children, and he was a sick child. He said, ‘Be patient O mother, for you are upon the turht!’ She was thrown into the oven with her children’.
باب 6 خروجه عليه السلام من الماء مع بني إسرائيل و أحوال التيه
CHAPTER 6 – HIS-as EXIT FROM THE WATER ALONG WITH THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL AND THE SITUATION IN THE WILDERNERSS
الآيات البقرة وَ ظَلَّلْنا عَلَيْكُمُ الْغَمامَ وَ أَنْزَلْنا عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَنَّ وَ السَّلْوى كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّباتِ ما رَزَقْناكُمْ وَ ما ظَلَمُونا وَ لكِنْ كانُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Baqarah: And We Shaded upon you the clouds and We Sent down to you manna and quail: Eat of the good things that We have Graced you; and they were not unjust to Us but they were being unjust to themselves. [2:57]
وَ إِذْ قُلْنَا ادْخُلُوا هذِهِ الْقَرْيَةَ فَكُلُوا مِنْها حَيْثُ شِئْتُمْ رَغَداً وَ ادْخُلُوا الْبابَ سُجَّداً وَ قُولُوا حِطَّةٌ نَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ خَطاياكُمْ وَ سَنَزِيدُ الْمُحْسِنِينَ
And when We said: “Enter this town, so eat from it plentifully wherever you so desire to, and enter the gate in Sajdah, and be saying, ‘Hitta’. We will Forgive you (for) your wrongs and would Increase (for) the good doers” [2:58]
فَبَدَّلَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا قَوْلًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمْ فَأَنْزَلْنا عَلَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا رِجْزاً مِنَ السَّماءِ بِما كانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ
But those who were unjust replaced it for a word other than that which had been Said to them, so We Sent upon those who were unjust, a plague from the sky, due to what they were corrupting [2:59]
وَ إِذِ اسْتَسْقى مُوسى لِقَوْمِهِ فَقُلْنَا اضْرِبْ بِعَصاكَ الْحَجَرَ فَانْفَجَرَتْ مِنْهُ اثْنَتا عَشْرَةَ عَيْناً قَدْ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُناسٍ مَشْرَبَهُمْ كُلُوا وَ اشْرَبُوا مِنْ رِزْقِ اللَّهِ وَ لا تَعْثَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ
And when Musa prayed for the rain for his people, so We Said: “Strike the rock with your Staff!” So there gushed out from it twelve springs; each group knew its drinking place: “Eat and drink from the Grace of Allah and do not mischievous in the land, as transgressors” [2:60]
وَ إِذْ قُلْتُمْ يا مُوسى لَنْ نَصْبِرَ عَلى طَعامٍ واحِدٍ فَادْعُ لَنا رَبَّكَ يُخْرِجْ لَنا مِمَّا تُنْبِتُ الْأَرْضُ مِنْ بَقْلِها وَ قِثَّائِها وَ فُومِها وَ عَدَسِها وَ بَصَلِها قالَ أَ تَسْتَبْدِلُونَ الَّذِي هُوَ أَدْنى بِالَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ اهْبِطُوا مِصْراً فَإِنَّ لَكُمْ ما سَأَلْتُمْ وَ ضُرِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الذِّلَّةُ وَ الْمَسْكَنَةُ وَ باؤُ بِغَضَبٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ ذلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كانُوا يَكْفُرُونَ بِآياتِ اللَّهِ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ النَّبِيِّينَ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ ذلِكَ بِما عَصَوْا وَ كانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ
And when you said: ‘O Musa! We can never be patient upon one food, therefore supplicate for us to your Lord to bring forth for us out of what the earth grows, of its herbs, and its cucumbers, and its garlic, and its lentils, and its onions’. He said: ‘Will you be replacing by that which is worse, for that which is better? Go down to a city, so there would be for you what you are asking for!’
And there was struck upon them, the disgrace, and the destitution, and epidemic, being a Wrath from Allah. That was due to their disbelieving in the Signs of Allah, and their killing the Prophets without the right. That was due to their disobeying, and they were transgressing [2:61]
المائدة وَ إِذْ قالَ مُوسى لِقَوْمِهِ يا قَوْمِ اذْكُرُوا نِعْمَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ جَعَلَ فِيكُمْ أَنْبِياءَ وَ جَعَلَكُمْ مُلُوكاً وَ آتاكُمْ ما لَمْ يُؤْتِ أَحَداً مِنَ الْعالَمِينَ
(Surah) Al Maidah: And when Musa said to his people: ‘O people! Recall the Favour of Allah upon you when He Made Prophets among you and Made you (Imams) kings and Gave you what He had not Given to any other among the nations [5:20]
يا قَوْمِ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَ لا تَرْتَدُّوا عَلى أَدْبارِكُمْ فَتَنْقَلِبُوا خاسِرِينَ
O people! Enter the Holy land which Allah has Prescribed for you and turn not on your backs for then you will be turning back as losers [5:21]
قالُوا يا مُوسى إِنَّ فِيها قَوْماً جَبَّارِينَ وَ إِنَّا لَنْ نَدْخُلَها حَتَّى يَخْرُجُوا مِنْها فَإِنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْها فَإِنَّا داخِلُونَ
They said: O Musa! Surely there are tyrannous people in it, and we will never enter it until they exit from it. So if they do exit from it, then we shall be entering (it) [5:22]
قالَ رَجُلانِ مِنَ الَّذِينَ يَخافُونَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا ادْخُلُوا عَلَيْهِمُ الْبابَ فَإِذا دَخَلْتُمُوهُ فَإِنَّكُمْ غالِبُونَ وَ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَتَوَكَّلُوا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
Two men of those who were fearing, whom Allah had Favoured upon, said, ‘Enter unto them by the gate, for when you enter it you would overcome; and upon Allah you should be relying if you were Momineen’ [5:23]
قالُوا يا مُوسى إِنَّا لَنْ نَدْخُلَها أَبَداً ما دامُوا فِيها فَاذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَ رَبُّكَ فَقاتِلا إِنَّا هاهُنا قاعِدُونَ
They said: ‘O Musa! We will never enter it, ever, for as long as they are in it, therefore you and your Lord should both go and fight, we will be sitting over here’ [5:24]
قالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لا أَمْلِكُ إِلَّا نَفْسِي وَ أَخِي فَافْرُقْ بَيْنَنا وَ بَيْنَ الْقَوْمِ الْفاسِقِينَ
He said: ‘My Lord! I cannot control except myself and my brother, therefore Differentiate between us and the transgressing people’ [5:25]
قالَ فَإِنَّها مُحَرَّمَةٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً يَتِيهُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَلا تَأْسَ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْفاسِقِينَ
He said: “Then it is hereby deprived upon them. Forty years they would be wandering in the land, therefore do not grieve upon the transgressing people” [5:26]
الأعراف وَ جاوَزْنا بِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتَوْا عَلى قَوْمٍ يَعْكُفُونَ عَلى أَصْنامٍ لَهُمْ قالُوا يا مُوسَى اجْعَلْ لَنا إِلهاً كَما لَهُمْ آلِهَةٌ قالَ إِنَّكُمْ قَوْمٌ تَجْهَلُونَ
And We Got the Children of Israel to cross the sea, and they came to a people devoting themselves to their idols. They said, ‘O Musa! Make a god for us just as there is a god for them’. He said, ‘You are an ignorant people [7:138]
إِنَّ هؤُلاءِ مُتَبَّرٌ ما هُمْ فِيهِ وَ باطِلٌ ما كانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
Surely they would be destroyed by what they are indulging in, and it would be invalidated, what they have been doing’ [7:139]
قالَ أَ غَيْرَ اللَّهِ أَبْغِيكُمْ إِلهاً وَ هُوَ فَضَّلَكُمْ عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ
He said: ‘Should I seek for you all a god other than Allah, and He has Preferred you over the worlds? [7:140]
وَ إِذْ أَنْجَيْناكُمْ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَسُومُونَكُمْ سُوءَ الْعَذابِ يُقَتِّلُونَ أَبْناءَكُمْ وَ يَسْتَحْيُونَ نِساءَكُمْ وَ فِي ذلِكُمْ بَلاءٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ عَظِيمٌ
And when We Rescued you from the people of Pharaoh subjecting you to evil punishment. They were killing your sons and were letting your womenfolk live, and in that was a grievous affliction from your Lord [7:141]
و قال تعالى الأعراف وَ مِنْ قَوْمِ مُوسى أُمَّةٌ يَهْدُونَ بِالْحَقِّ وَ بِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ
And the Exalted Said: And from the people of Musa there is a community is guiding with the Truth and by it they are dispensing justice [7:159]
وَ قَطَّعْناهُمُ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ أَسْباطاً أُمَماً وَ أَوْحَيْنا إِلى مُوسى إِذِ اسْتَسْقاهُ قَوْمُهُ أَنِ اضْرِبْ بِعَصاكَ الْحَجَرَ فَانْبَجَسَتْ مِنْهُ اثْنَتا عَشْرَةَ عَيْناً قَدْ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُناسٍ مَشْرَبَهُمْ وَ ظَلَّلْنا عَلَيْهِمُ الْغَمامَ وَ أَنْزَلْنا عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَنَّ وَ السَّلْوى كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّباتِ ما رَزَقْناكُمْ وَ ما ظَلَمُونا وَ لكِنْ كانُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ
And We Divided them into twelve tribes, as communities, and We Revealed to Musa when his people asked him for water: “Strike the rock with your staff!” So there gushed out twelve springs from it. All people knew their respective drinking place. And We Shaded the clouds upon them and Sent down upon them the manna and the quails: “Eat from the good things What We Grace you!” And they did not wrong us but they were being unjust to their own selves [7:160]
وَ إِذْ قِيلَ لَهُمُ اسْكُنُوا هذِهِ الْقَرْيَةَ وَ كُلُوا مِنْها حَيْثُ شِئْتُمْ وَ قُولُوا حِطَّةٌ وَ ادْخُلُوا الْبابَ سُجَّداً نَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ خَطِيئاتِكُمْ سَنَزِيدُ الْمُحْسِنِينَ
And when it was said to them: ‘Reside in this town and eat from it wherever you so desire to, and be saying, ‘Hitta’, and enter into the door performing Sajdah, We will Forgive your mistakes for you. We will Increase for the good doers’ [7:161]
فَبَدَّلَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْهُمْ قَوْلًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمْ فَأَرْسَلْنا عَلَيْهِمْ رِجْزاً مِنَ السَّماءِ بِما كانُوا يَظْلِمُونَ
But those who were unjust from them, replaced it with other than the word which was said to them. So We Sent upon them a Pestilence (Plague) from the sky due to their wrong doings [7:162]
Notes –
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَانَ يَنْزِلُ الْمَنُّ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ الْفَجْرِ إِلَى طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ فَمَنْ نَامَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ نَصِيبُهُ فَلِذَلِكَ يُكْرَهُ النَّوْمُ فِي هَذَا الْوَقْتِ إِلَى طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘The Manna descended unto the children of Israel from after the dawn up to emergence of the sun. The one who slept during that time, his share did not descend. For that (reason) the sleeping is disliked in this time up to emergence of the sun’.
رُوِيَ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: نَحْنُ بَابُ حِطَّتِكُمْ
It is reported from Al-Baqir-asws, he said: ‘We-asws are your door of ‘Hitta’’.
و قيل إن جبرئيل انطلق بالنبي ص ليلة المعراج إليهم فقرأ عليهم من القرآن عشر سور نزلت بمكة فآمنوا به و صدقوه و أمرهم أن يقيموا مكانهم و يتركوا السبت و أمرهم بالصلاة و الزكاة و لم تكن نزلت فريضة غيرهما ففعلوا
And it is said, ‘Jibraeel-as went with the Prophet-saww to them On the night of ascension. He-saww recited ten chapters from the Quran having been Revealed at Makkah, and they ratified him-saww, and he instructed them to stay in their places and leave the (observation) of staturdays, and instructed them with (praying) the Salat and (paying) the Zakat, and no other obligation had been Revealed (so far), so they did’.
و روى أصحابنا أنهم يخرجون مع قائم آل محمد عليهم السلام
And it is reported by our companions, they will be emerging with Qaim-ajfj of the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, may the greeting be upon them-asws.
و روي أن ذا القرنين رآهم فقال لو أمرت بالمقام لسرني أن أقيم بين أظهركم
And it is reported that Zulqarnayn saw them. He said: ‘Had I been Commanded with staying, it would have cheered me to stay in your midst’.
و في حديث أبي حمزة الثمالي و الحكم بن ظهير أن موسى لما أخذ الألواح قال رب إني أجد في الألواح أمة هي خير أمة أخرجت للناس يأمرون بالمعروف و ينهون عن المنكر فاجعلهم أمتي
And in a Hadeeth by Abu Hamza Al Sumali and Al Hakam Bin Zaheer – ‘When Musa-as took the Tablets, he-as said: ‘Lord-azwj! I see in the Tablet there is a community which is best of the communities brought forth for the people. They will be instructing with the acts of kindness and forbidding from the evil, so Make them to be my-as community!’
قال تلك أمة أحمد
He-azwj Said: “That is the community of Ahmad-saww!”
قال رب إني أجد في الألواح أمة هم الآخرون في الخلق السابقون في دخول الجنة فاجعلهم أمتي
He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! I-as find in the Tablets there is a community who will be the latter ones in the creation the preceding ones in entering the Paradise, so Make them to be my-as community!’
قال تلك أمة أحمد
He-azwj Said: “That is the community of Ahmad-saww!”
قال رب إني أجد في الألواح أمة كتبهم في صدورهم يقرءونها فاجعلهم أمتي
He-as said: ‘Lord-azwj! I-as find in the Tablets, there is a community having writing in their chests they will be reciting, so Make them to be my-as community!’
قال تلك أمة أحمد
He-azwj Said: “That is the community of Ahmad-saww!”
قال رب إني أجد في الألواح أمة إذا هم أحدهم بحسنة ثم لم يعملها كتبت له حسنة و إن عملها كتب له عشر أمثالها و إن هم بسيئة و لم يعملها لم يكتب عليه و إن عملها كتبت عليه سيئة واحدة فاجعلهم أمتي
He-as said: ‘Lord-azwj! I-as find in the Tablets, there is a community, whenever one of them thinks of a good deed then does not do it, a good deed is written for him, and if he does do it, ten the likes of it are written for him, and if he thinks of doing an evil deed and does not do it, it is not written against him, and if he does do it, one evil deed is written for him!, so Make them to be my-as community!’
قال تلك أمة أحمد
He-azwj Said: “This is the community of Ahmad-saww!”
قال رب إني أجد في الألواح أمة يؤمنون بالكتاب الأول و الكتاب الآخر و يقاتلون الأعور الكذاب فاجعلهم أمتي
He-as said: ‘I-as find in the Tablets, there is community who will be believing in the former Books and the latter Books, and they will be fighting against the one-eyed liar (Dajjal-la), so Make them to be my-as community!’
قال تلك أمة أحمد
He-azwj Said: ‘That is the community of Ahmad-saww!”
قال رب إني أجد في الألواح أمة هم الشافعون و هم المشفوع لهم فاجعلهم أمتي
He-as said: ‘O Lord! I-as find in the Tablets, there is a community who will be seeking the intercession and they will be interceded for, so Make them to be my community!’
قال تلك أمة أحمد
He-as Said: “That is the community of Ahmad-saww!”
قال موسى رب اجعلني من أمة أحمد
Musa said: ‘Lord! Make me to be from the community of Ahmad!’
قال أبو حمزة فأعطي موسى آيتين لم يعطوها يعني أمة أحمد
Abu Hamza said, ‘He-azwj Gave Musa-as two Signs He-azwj did not give it – meaning to the community of Ahmad-saww’.
وَ فِي حَدِيثِ غَيْرِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لَمَّا قَرَأَ وَ مِمَّنْ خَلَقْنا أُمَّةٌ يَهْدُونَ بِالْحَقِّ وَ بِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ هَذِهِ لَكُمْ وَ قَدْ أَعْطَى اللَّهُ قَوْمَ مُوسَى مِثْلَهَا
And in another Hadeeth by Abu Hamza – ‘The Prophet-saww said when he-saww recited: ‘And from the ones We Created a community Guiding with the Truth and by it they are dispensing justice [7:181]: ‘This is for you all, and Allah-azwj has Given the people of Musa-as similar to it’.
1- فس، تفسير القمي وَ جَعَلَكُمْ مُلُوكاً يَعْنِي فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَمْ يَجْمَعِ اللَّهُ لَهُمُ النُّبُوَّةَ وَ الْمُلْكَ فِي بَيْتٍ وَاحِدٍ ثُمَّ جَمَعَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ لِنَبِيِّهِ قَوْلُهُ وَ قَطَّعْناهُمُ أَيْ مَيَّزْنَاهُمْ
(opinion)[114]
2- فس، تفسير القمي وَ ظَلَّلْنا عَلَيْكُمُ الْغَمامَ وَ أَنْزَلْنا عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَنَّ وَ السَّلْوى الْآيَةَ فَإِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَمَّا عَبَرَ بِهِمْ مُوسَى الْبَحْرَ نَزَلُوا فِي مَفَازَةٍ فَقَالُوا يَا مُوسَى أَهْلَكْتَنَا وَ قَتَلْتَنَا وَ أَخْرَجْتَنَا مِنَ الْعُمْرَانِ إِلَى مَفَازَةٍ لَا ظِلَّ وَ لَا شَجَرَ وَ لَا مَاءَ وَ كَانَتْ تَجِيءُ بِالنَّهَارِ غَمَامَةٌ تُظِلُّهُمْ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ وَ يَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِاللَّيْلِ الْمَنُّ فَيَقَعُ عَلَى النَّبَاتِ وَ الشَّجَرِ وَ الْحَجَرِ فَيَأْكُلُونَهُ وَ بِالْعَشِيِّ يَجِيءُ طَائِرٌ مَشْوِيٌّ فَيَقَعُ عَلَى مَوَائِدِهِمْ وَ إِذَا أَكَلُوا وَ شَبِعُوا طَارَ وَ مَرَّ وَ كَانَ مَعَ مُوسَى حَجَرٌ يَضَعُهُ فِي وَسَطِ الْعَسْكَرِ ثُمَّ يَضْرِبُهُ بِعَصَاهُ فَتَنْفَجِرُ مِنْهُ اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ عَيْناً كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ فَيَذْهَبُ الْمَاءُ إِلَى كُلِّ سِبْطٍ فِي رَحْلِهِ وَ كَانُوا اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ سِبْطاً فَلَمَّا طَالَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَمَدُ قَالُوا يا مُوسى لَنْ نَصْبِرَ عَلى طَعامٍ واحِدٍ فَادْعُ لَنا رَبَّكَ يُخْرِجْ لَنا مِمَّا تُنْبِتُ الْأَرْضُ مِنْ بَقْلِها وَ قِثَّائِها وَ فُومِها وَ عَدَسِها وَ بَصَلِها وَ الْفُومُ هِيَ الْحِنْطَةُ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مُوسَى أَ تَسْتَبْدِلُونَ الَّذِي هُوَ أَدْنى بِالَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ اهْبِطُوا مِصْراً فَإِنَّ لَكُمْ ما سَأَلْتُمْ فَقَالُوا يا مُوسى إِنَّ فِيها قَوْماً جَبَّارِينَ وَ إِنَّا لَنْ نَدْخُلَها حَتَّى يَخْرُجُوا مِنْها فَإِنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْها فَإِنَّا داخِلُونَ فَنِصْفُ الْآيَةِ فِي سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ وَ تَمَامُهَا وَ جَوَابُهَا لِمُوسَى فِي سُورَةِ الْمَائِدَةِ قَوْلُهُ وَ قُولُوا حِطَّةٌ أَيْ حُطَّ عَنَّا ذُنُوبَنَا فَبَدَّلُوا ذَلِكَ وَ قَالُوا حِنْطَةٌ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ فَبَدَّلَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا قَوْلًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمْ فَأَنْزَلْنا عَلَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ حَقَّهُمْ رِجْزاً مِنَ السَّماءِ بِما كانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ
(opinion)[115]
3- فس، تفسير القمي قَوْلُهُ يا قَوْمِ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ نَزَلَ لَمَّا قَالُوا لَنْ نَصْبِرَ عَلى طَعامٍ واحِدٍ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مُوسَى اهْبِطُوا مِصْراً فَإِنَّ لَكُمْ ما سَأَلْتُمْ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ فِيها قَوْماً جَبَّارِينَ وَ إِنَّا لَنْ نَدْخُلَها حَتَّى يَخْرُجُوا مِنْها فَإِنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْها فَإِنَّا داخِلُونَ فَنِصْفُ الْآيَةِ هَاهُنَا وَ نِصْفُهَا فِي سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ فَلَمَّا قَالُوا لِمُوسَى إِنَّ فِيها قَوْماً جَبَّارِينَ وَ إِنَّا لَنْ نَدْخُلَها حَتَّى يَخْرُجُوا مِنْها فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مُوسَى لَا بُدَّ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوهَا فَقَالُوا لَهُ فَاذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَ رَبُّكَ فَقاتِلا إِنَّا هاهُنا قاعِدُونَ فَأَخَذَ مُوسَى بِيَدِ هَارُونَ وَ قَالَ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ إِنِّي لا أَمْلِكُ إِلَّا نَفْسِي وَ أَخِي يَعْنِي هَارُونَ فَافْرُقْ بَيْنَنا وَ بَيْنَ قَوْمِنَا الْقَوْمِ الْفاسِقِينَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ فَإِنَّها مُحَرَّمَةٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً يَعْنِي مِصْرَ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً يَتِيهُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ مُوسَى أَنْ يُفَارِقَهُمْ فَزِعُوا وَ قَالُوا إِنْ خَرَجَ مُوسَى مِنْ بَيْنِنَا نَزَلَ عَلَيْنَا الْعَذَابُ فَفَزِعِوا إِلَيْهِ وَ سَأَلُوهُ أَنْ يُقِيمَ مَعَهُمْ وَ يَسْأَلَ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ قَدْ تُبْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا مِصْراً وَ حَرَّمْتُهَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً يَتِيهُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ عُقُوبَةً لِقَوْلِهِمْ فَاذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَ رَبُّكَ فَقاتِلا فَدَخَلُوا كُلُّهُمْ فِي التَّوْبَةِ وَ التِّيهِ إِلَّا قَارُونَ فَكَانُوا يَقُومُونَ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ وَ يَأْخُذُونَ فِي قِرَاءَةِ التَّوْرَاةِ فَإِذَا أَصْبَحُوا عَلَى بَابِ مِصْرَ دَارَتْ بِهِمُ الْأَرْضُ فَرَدَّتْهُمْ إِلَى مَكَانِهِمْ وَ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ مِصْرَ أَرْبَعُ فَرَاسِخَ فَبَقُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً فَمَاتَ هَارُونُ وَ مُوسَى فِي التِّيهِ وَ دَخَلَهَا أَبْنَاؤُهُمْ وَ أَبْنَاءُ أَبْنَائِهِمْ
(opinion)[116]
4- فس، تفسير القمي وَ جاوَزْنا بِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتَوْا عَلى قَوْمٍ يَعْكُفُونَ عَلى أَصْنامٍ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا غَرَّقَ اللَّهُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ أَصْحَابَهُ وَ عَبَرَ مُوسَى وَ أَصْحَابُهُ الْبَحْرَ نَظَرَ أَصْحَابُ مُوسَى إِلَى قَوْمٍ يَعْكُفُونَ عَلَى أَصْنَامٍ لَهُمْ فَقَالُوا لِمُوسَى يا مُوسَى اجْعَلْ لَنا إِلهاً كَما لَهُمْ آلِهَةٌ فَقَالَ مُوسَى إِنَّكُمْ قَوْمٌ تَجْهَلُونَ إِنَّ هؤُلاءِ مُتَبَّرٌ ما هُمْ فِيهِ وَ باطِلٌ ما كانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ قالَ أَ غَيْرَ اللَّهِ أَبْغِيكُمْ إِلهاً وَ هُوَ فَضَّلَكُمْ عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ فِي ذلِكُمْ بَلاءٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ عَظِيمٌ وَ هُوَ مُحْكَمٌ
(opinion)[117]
Note –
أَقُولُ رَوَى الثَّعْلَبِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قَالَ: جَاءَ يَهُودِيٌّ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مَا صَبَرْتُمْ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّكُمْ إِلَّا خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً حَتَّى قَتَلَ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضاً قَالَ بَلَى وَ لَكِنْ مَا جَفَّ أَقْدَامُكُمْ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ حَتَّى قُلْتُمْ يا مُوسَى اجْعَلْ لَنا إِلهاً كَما لَهُمْ آلِهَةٌ
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by Al Sa’alby, from Muhammad Bin Qays who said, ‘A Jew came to Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws. He said, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! You (Muslims) were not patient after your Prophet-saww except for twenty-five years until you killed each other!’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, but your (Jews) feet had not even dried from the sea until you said, ‘O Musa! Make a god for us just as there is a god for them’ [7:138]’.
5- ختص، الإختصاص ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: لَمَّا انْتَهَى بِهِمْ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ الْمُقَدَّسَةِ قَالَ لَهُمْ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَإِنَّكُمْ غالِبُونَ قَالُوا فَاذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَ رَبُّكَ فَقاتِلا إِنَّا هاهُنا قاعِدُونَ قالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لا أَمْلِكُ إِلَّا نَفْسِي وَ أَخِي فَافْرُقْ بَيْنَنا وَ بَيْنَ الْقَوْمِ الْفاسِقِينَ
‘Al Ikhtisas’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from Al Bazanty, from Aban, from Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When he-as ended with them to the Holy ground, said to them: Enter the Holy land [5:21] – up to His-azwj Words: you would overcome [5:23]. They said, you and your Lord should both go and fight, we will be sitting over here’ [5:24] He said: ‘My Lord! I cannot control except myself and my brother, therefore Differentiate between us and the transgressing people’ [5:25].
فَلَمَّا أَبَوْا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا حَرَّمَهَا اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَتَاهُوا فِي أَرْبَعَةِ فَرَاسِخَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً يَتِيهُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَلا تَأْسَ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْفاسِقِينَ
When they refused to enter it, Allah-azwj Prohibited upon them, so they wandered within forty Farsakhs for forty years, wandering in the land, therefore do not grieve upon the transgressing people” [5:26].
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ كَانُوا إِذَا أَمْسَوْا نَادَى مُنَادِيهِمْ أَمْسَيْتُمُ الرَّحِيلَ فَيَرْتَحِلُونَ بِالْحُدَاءِ وَ الرَّجَزِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَسْحَرُوا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْأَرْضَ فَدَارَتْ بِهِمْ فَيُصْبِحُونَ فِي مَنْزِلِهِمُ الَّذِي ارْتَحَلُوا مِنْهُ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: And whenever it was evening, a caller called out to them, ‘The departure in the evening!’ So, they would be departing with the shoes and the rugs until it was pre-dawn Allah-azwj Commanded the earth and it circled with them, and in the morning they would be in their houses which they had departed from.
فَيَقُولُونَ قَدْ أَخْطَأْتُمُ الطَّرِيقَ فَمَكَثُوا بِهَذَا أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً وَ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَنُّ وَ السَّلْوَى حَتَّى هَلَكُوا جَمِيعاً إِلَّا رَجُلَيْنِ يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ وَ كَالِبَ بْنَ يُوفَنَّا وَ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَ كَانُوا يَتِيهُونَ فِي نَحْوٍ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ فَرَاسِخَ فَإِذَا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَرْتَحِلُوا ثَبَتَ ثِيَابُهُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ خِفَافُهُمْ
They would be saying, ‘You have mistaken the way’. They remained with this for forty years, and the Manna and Salva kept descending unto them, until they all died except for two men – Yoshua Bin Noun-as and Kalab Bin Youhanna, and their sons (children), and they were wandering in approximately four Farsakhs. When they wanted to depart, their clothes and their shoes were stuck (dried) upon them.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ حَجَرٌ إِذَا نَزَلُوا ضَرَبَهُ مُوسَى بِعَصَاهُ فَانْفَجَرَتْ اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ عَيْناً لِكُلِّ سِبْطٍ عَيْنٌ فَإِذَا ارْتَحَلُوا رَجَعَ الْمَاءُ فَدَخَلَ فِي الْحَجَرِ وَ وَضَعَ الْحَجَرَ عَلَى الدَّابَّةِ
He-asws said: ‘And there were stones with them. When they descended, Musa-as struck with his-as staff and twelve springs burst forth, a spring for each tribe. When they departed, the water returned and entered back into the stones, and the rocks were placed upon the animals’’.[118]
6- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: لَمَّا انْتَهَى بِهِمْ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ الْمُقَدَّسَةِ قَالَ لَهُمُ ادْخُلُوا فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا فَتَاهُوا فِي أَرْبَعَةِ فَرَاسِخَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً وَ كَانُوا إِذَا أَمْسَوْا نَادَى مُنَادِيهِمْ أَمْسَيْتُمُ الرَّحِيلَ حَتَّى إِذَا انْتَهَوْا إِلَى مِقْدَارِ مَا أَرَادُوا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْأَرْضَ فَدَارَتْ بِهِمْ إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِمُ الْأُولَى فَيُصْبِحُونَ فِي مَنْزِلِهِمُ الَّذِي ارْتَحَلُوا مِنْهُ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al Sadouq, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Safar, from Ibn Hashim, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Aban Bin Usman, from Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When Musa-as ended up with them to the Holy land, said to them: ‘Enter!’ But, they refused to enter it. They wandered within four Farsakhs for forty years. And they, whenever it was evening, a caller called out to them for the departure, until when they had ended up to a measurement of whatever they had wanted, Allah-azwj Commanded the earth to circle with them to their former positions, so, in the morning they would be in their encampments which they had departed from.
فَمَكَثُوا بِذَلِكَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً يَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَنُّ وَ السَّلْوَى فَهَلَكُوا فِيهَا أَجْمَعِينَ إِلَّا رَجُلَيْنِ يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ وَ كَالِبَ بْنَ يُوفَنَّا اللَّذَيْنِ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ مَاتَ مُوسَى وَ هَارُونُ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ فَدَخَلَهَا يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ وَ كَالِبٌ وَ أَبْنَاؤُهُمْ وَ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ حَجَرٌ كَانَ مُوسَى يَضْرِبُهُ بِعَصَاهُ فَيَنْفَجِرُ مِنْهُ الْمَاءُ لِكُلِّ سِبْطٍ عَيْنٌ
They remained with that for forty years, the Manna and Salva kept descending unto them. Therein, all of them died except for two men – Yoshua Bin Noun and Kalab Bin Youhanna, those two Allah-azwj have Favoured upon; and Musa-as and Haroun-as died, so Yoshua Bin Noun-as and Kalab Bin Youhanna and their sons entered it; and there used to be a stone with them. Musa-as would strike it with his-as staff, and the water would burst out from it, a spring for each tribe’’.[119]
7- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى وَهْبِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ لِمُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حِينَ جَازَ بِهِمُ الْبَحْرَ خَبِّرْنَا يَا مُوسَى بِأَيِّ قُوَّةٍ وَ أَيِّ عِدَّةٍ وَ عَلَى أَيِّ حَمُولَةٍ نَبْلُغُ الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ وَ مَعَكَ الذُّرِّيَّةُ وَ النِّسَاءُ وَ الْهَرْمَى وَ الزَّمْنَى فَقَالَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَا أَعْلَمُ قَوْماً وَرَّثَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ عَرَضِ الدُّنْيَا مَا وَرَّثَكُمْ وَ لَا أَعْلَمُ أَحَداً آتَاهُ مِنْهَا مِثْلَ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ فَمَعَكُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا لَا يُحْصِيهِ إِلَّا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ قَالَ مُوسَى سَيَجْعَلُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ مَخْرَجاً فَاذْكُرُوهُ وَ رُدُّوا إِلَيْهِ أُمُورَكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ أَرْحَمُ بِكُمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ قَالُوا فَادْعُهُ يُطْعِمْنَا وَ يَسْقِنَا وَ يَكْسُنَا وَ يَحْمِلْنَا مِنَ الرِّجْلَةِ وَ يُظِلَّنَا مِنَ الْحَرِّ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى مُوسَى قَدْ أَمَرْتُ السَّمَاءَ أَنْ يُمْطِرَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَنَّ وَ السَّلْوَى وَ أَمَرْتُ الرِّيحَ أَنْ يَشْوِيَ لَهُمُ السَّلْوَى وَ أَمَرْتُ الْحِجَارَةَ أَنْ تَنْفَجِرَ وَ أَمَرْتُ الْغَمَامَ أَنْ تُظِلَّهُمْ وَ سَخَّرْتُ ثِيَابَهُمْ أَنْ تَنْبُتَ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَنْبُتُونَ فَلَمَّا قَالَ لَهُمْ مُوسَى ذَلِكَ سَكَتُوا فَسَارَ بِهِمْ مُوسَى فَانْطَلَقُوا يَؤُمُّونَ الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ وَ هِيَ فِلَسْطِينُ وَ إِنَّمَا قَدَّسَهَا لِأَنَّ يَعْقُوبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وُلِدَ بِهَا وَ كَانَتْ مَسْكَنَ أَبِيهِ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يُوسُفَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ وَ نُقِلُوا كُلُّهُمْ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ إِلَى أَرْضِ فِلَسْطِينَ
(Judeo Christian literature) [120]
8- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنِ الطَّالَقَانِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ كَثِيرِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ ادْخُلُوا الْبابَ سُجَّداً إِنَّ ذَلِكَ حِينَ فَصَلَ مُوسَى مِنْ أَرْضِ التِّيهِ فَدَخَلُوا الْعُمْرَانَ وَ كَانَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ أَخْطَئُوا خَطِيئَةً فَأَحَبَّ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُنْقِذَهُمْ مِنْهَا إِنْ تَابُوا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِذَا انْتَهَيْتُمْ إِلَى بَابِ الْقَرْيَةِ فَاسْجُدُوا وَ قُولُوا حِطَّةٌ تَنْحَطَّ عَنْكُمْ خَطَايَاكُمْ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from Al Talaqany, from Ibn Aqada, from Ja’far Bin Abdullah, from Kaseer Bin Ayyash, from Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Al-Baqir-asws having said regarding the Words of the Exalted: and enter into the door performing Sajdah, [7:161]: ‘That is when Musa-as departed from the land of wilderness and entered the urbanisation; and the Children of Israel were sinning sins, so Allah-azwj Loved to Save them from it if they were to repent. He-as said to them: ‘When you end up to the door of the town, then do Sajdah and be saying, ‘Hitta’, your sins would be Moved away from you’.
فَأَمَّا الْمُحْسِنُونَ فَفَعَلُوا مَا أُمِرُوا بِهِ وَ أَمَّا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا فَزَعَمُوا حِنْطَةً حَمْرَاءَ فَبَدَّلُوا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى رِجْزاً
As for the good-doers, they did whatever they had been instructed to, and as for those who were unjust, they claimed red wheat (Hitta), and they replaced (the word). Then Allah-azwj the Exalted Sent down the pestilence’’.[121]
9- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ أَنَّ رَأْسَ الْمَهْدِيِّ يُهْدَى إِلَى مُوسَى بْنِ عِيسَى عَلَى طَبَقٍ قُلْتُ فَقَدْ مَاتَ هَذَا وَ هَذَا قَالَ فَقَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلُوهَا وَ دَخَلَهَا الْأَبْنَاءُ أَوْ قَالَ أَبْنَاءُ الْأَبْنَاءِ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ دُخُولَهُمْ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – Abu Baseer,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws): ‘The head (chief) of Al-Mahdi is guiding to Musa-as Bin Imran-as upon a layer’. I said, ‘This one and this one have died’. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Said: Enter the Holy land which Allah has Prescribed for you [5:21]. But they did not enter it, and the sons entered it’ or he-asws said: ‘The sons of the sons’ – : ‘That was their entry’’.
فَقُلْتُ أَ وَ تَرَى أَنَّ الَّذِي قَالَ فِي الْمَهْدِيِّ وَ فِي ابْنِ عِيسَى يَكُونُ مِثْلَ هَذَا فَقَالَ نَعَمْ يَكُونُ فِي أَوْلَادِهِمْ فَقُلْتُ مَا يُنْكَرُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَا كَانَ فِي ابْنِ الْحَسَنِ يَكُونُ فِي وُلْدِهِ قَالَ لَيْسَ ذَاكَ مِثْلَ ذَا
I said, ‘Or do you see that which Allah-azwj Said regarding Al-Mahdy and Ibn Isa would happen to be like this?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, it would happen to be regarding their children’. I said, ‘What can be denied it would happen what had happened regarding Ibn Al-Hassan, would happen to be in his children?’ He-asws said: ‘That is not like that’’.[122]
10- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَتَرْكَبُنَّ سَنَنَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ حَذْوَ النَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ وَ الْقُذَّةِ بِالْقُذَّةِ حَتَّى لَا تُخْطِئُونَ طَرِيقَهُمْ وَ لَا يُخْطِئُكُمْ سُنَّةُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Hareyz, from one of his companions,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘By the One-azwj in Whose Hand is my-asws soul, you all (Muslims) would be riding upon the ways of the ones who were before you, just like the slipper follows the slipper, and step by step, to the extent that you would neither be erring from their ways, nor erring from the Sunnah of the Children of Israel’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ مُوسَى لِقَوْمِهِ يا قَوْمِ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ فَرَدُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَ كَانُوا سِتَّمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ فَقَالُوا يا مُوسى إِنَّ فِيها قَوْماً جَبَّارِينَ وَ إِنَّا لَنْ نَدْخُلَها حَتَّى يَخْرُجُوا مِنْها فَإِنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْها فَإِنَّا داخِلُونَ
Then Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Musa-as said to his-as people: Enter the Holy land which Allah has Prescribed for you [5:21], but they rebutted upon him-as, and they were six hundred thousand. They said: O Musa! Surely there are tyrannous people in it, and we will never enter it until they exit from it. So if they do exit from it, then we shall be entering (it) [5:22].
قالَ رَجُلانِ مِنَ الَّذِينَ يَخافُونَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا أَحَدُهُمَا يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ وَ الْآخَرُ كَالِبُ بْنُ يَافَنَّا قَالَ وَ هُمَا ابْنَا عَمِّهِ فَقَالا ادْخُلُوا عَلَيْهِمُ الْبابَ فَإِذا دَخَلْتُمُوهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ إِنَّا هاهُنا قاعِدُونَ
He-asws said: ‘Two men of those who were fearing, whom Allah had Favoured upon, – one of them was Yoshua Bin Noun-as, and the other was Kalab Bin Youhanna, and they were both sons of his-as uncle, said, ‘Enter unto them by the gate, for when you enter it [5:23] – up to His-azwj Words: we will be sitting over here’ [5:24].
قَالَ فَعَصَى أَرْبَعُونَ أَلْفاً وَ سَلَّمَ هَارُونُ وَ ابْنَاهُ وَ يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ وَ كَالِبُ بْنُ يَافَنَّا فَسَمَّاهُمُ اللَّهُ فَاسِقِينَ فَقَالَ فَلا تَأْسَ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْفاسِقِينَ
He-asws said: ‘Forty thousand disobeyed while Haroun-as and his-as son, and Yoshua Bin Noun-as and Kalab Bin Youhanna submitted, so Allah-azwj Named them (disobedient ones) as transgressors, so He-azwj Said: therefore do not grieve upon the transgressing people” [5:26].
فَتَاهُوا أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً لِأَنَّهُمْ عَصَوْا فَكَانَ حَذْوَ النَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا قُبِضَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَى أَمْرِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا عَلِيٌّ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ سَلْمَانُ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَمَكَثُوا أَرْبَعِينَ حَتَّى قَامَ عَلِيٌّ فَقَاتَلَ مَنْ خَالَفَهُ
They wandered for forty years because they disobeyed, and the ‘following of the slipper with the slipper’ is that when Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, there did not happen to be upon the Command of Allah-azwj except Ali-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and Salman-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and they remained for forty (years) until Ali-asws stood up and fought the ones who opposed him-asws’’.[123]
11- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ حُمْرَانَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ يا قَوْمِ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ قَالَ كَتَبَهَا لَهُمْ ثُمَّ مَحَاهَا
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Zurara and Humran and Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws about His-azwj Words: O people! Enter the Holy land which Allah has Prescribed for you and turn not on your backs for then you will be turning back as losers [5:21]. He-asws said: ‘Prescribed it to them, then Deleted it’’.[124]
12- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِي إِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالَ لَهُمْ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلُوهَا حَتَّى حَرَّمَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ وَ عَلَى أَبْنَائِهِمْ وَ إِنَّمَا دَخَلَهَا أَبْنَاءُ الْأَبْنَاءِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said to me: ‘The Children of Israel, he-as said to them: ‘O people! Enter the Holy land [5:21]. But, they did not enter it until it was Prohibited unto them and unto their sons, and rather it was the sons of the sons (grandchildren) who entered it’’.[125]
13- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَ كَانَ كَتَبَهَا لَهُمْ قَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ كَتَبَهَا لَهُمْ ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ لَا يَدْخُلُوهَا
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Ismail Al Jufy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘May Allah (s.w.t.0 Keep you-asws well! Enter the Holy land which Allah has Prescribed for you [5:21], what is Prescribed to them?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj! He-azwj had Prescribed it to them, then there was a Change of Decision for Him-azwj (Bada) that they should not enter it’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ ابْتَدَأَ هُوَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ كَانَتْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ فَجَعَلَهَا لِلْمُسَافِرِ وَ زَادَ لِلْمُقِيمِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَجَعَلَهَا أَرْبَعاً
He-asws said: ‘Then he-asws initiated saying: ‘The Salat used to be two Cycles (each) with Allah-azwj, be He-azwj Made it for the traveller and Increased for the stayer two Cycles and Made it to be four’’.[126]
14- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ قَالَ كَتَبَهَا لَهُمْ ثُمَّ مَحَاهَا ثُمَّ كَتَبَهَا لِأَبْنَائِهِمْ فَدَخَلُوهَا وَ اللَّهُ يَمْحُو ما يَشاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتابِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Mas’ada Bin Sadaqa,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he-asws was asked about the Words of Allah-azwj: Enter the Holy land which Allah has Prescribed for you [5:21]. He-asws said: ‘He-azwj Prescribed it to them, then Deleted it, then Prescribed it to their sons’ (sons), so they entered it. And Allah Deletes and Affirms whatever He so Desires to, and with Him is the Mother of the Book [13:39]’’.[127]
15- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: ذَكَرَ أَهْلَ مِصْرَ وَ ذَكَرَ قَوْمَ مُوسَى وَ قَوْلَهُمْ فَاذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَ رَبُّكَ فَقاتِلا إِنَّا هاهُنا قاعِدُونَ فَحَرَّمَهَا اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً وَ تَيَّهَهُمْ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Al-Husayn Bin Abu Al A’ala,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, having said mentioning the people of Egypt and mentioning of the people of Musa-as and their words, you and your Lord should both go and fight, we will be sitting over here’ [5:24]. Allah-azwj Prohibited unto them for forty years, and Made them wander.
فَكَانَ إِذَا كَانَ الْعِشَاءُ أَخَذُوا فِي الرَّحِيلِ وَ نَادَوُا الرَّحِيلَ الرَّحِيلَ الْوَحَا الْوَحَا فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَغِيبَ الشَّفَقُ حَتَّى إِذَا ارْتَحَلُوا وَ اسْتَوَتْ بِهِمُ الْأَرْضُ قَالَ اللَّهُ لِلْأَرْضِ دِيرِي بِهِمْ
It so happened that whenever it was evening, they took to departing and called out, ‘The departure! The departure! The Revelation! The Revelation!’ They did not cease to be like that until the redness (in the sky) would disappear, until when they had departed, and the land was even with them, Allah-azwj Said to the land: “Circle with them!”
فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى إِذَا أَسْحَرُوا وَ قَارَبَ الصُّبْحُ قَالُوا إِنَّ هَذَا الْمَاءُ قَدْ أَتَيْتُمُوهُ فَانْزِلُوا فَإِذَا أَصْبَحُوا إِذَا أَبْنِيَتُهُمْ وَ مَنَازِلُهُمُ الَّتِي كَانُوا فِيهَا بِالْأَمْسِ فَيَقُولُ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضِ يَا قَوْمِ لَقَدْ ضَلَلْتُمْ وَ أَخْطَأْتُمُ الطَّرِيقَ فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى أَذِنَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ فَدَخَلُوهَا وَ قَدْ كَانَ كَتَبَهَا لَهُمْ
They did not cease to be like that until when it was pre-dawn and the morning drew near, they said, ‘This here is the water you have come to it, therefore encamp. When it was morning, there would be their constructions and their houses which they used to be in the day before. Some of them said to others, ‘O people! You have strayed and mistaken the road’. They did not cease to be like that until Allah-azwj Permitted for them, and they entered, and it had been Prescribed to them (before)’’.[128]
16- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ دَاوُدَ الرَّقِّيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ نِعْمَ الْأَرْضُ الشَّامُ وَ بِئْسَ الْقَوْمُ أَهْلُهَا وَ بِئْسَ الْبِلَادُ مِصْرُ أَمَا إِنَّهَا سِجْنُ مَنْ سَخِطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ دُخُولُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِصْرَ إِلَّا مِنْ سَخَطٍ وَ مَعْصِيَةٍ مِنْهُمْ لِلَّهِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ قَالَ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ يَعْنِي الشَّامَ فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Dawood Al Barqy who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Abu Ja’far-asws was saying: ‘The best of the lands is Syria (الشام) and the most evil of the people are its inhabitants; and the most evil of the cities is Egypt, but rather, it is a prison for the one upon whom is the Wrath of Allah-azwj, and the Children of Israel did not enter it except from His-azwj Wrath and for disobedience among them to Allah-azwj, because Allah-azwj Says: Enter the Holy land which Allah has Prescribed for you [5:21] -Meaning Syria, but they refused to enter it.
فَتَاهُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً فِي مِصْرَ وَ فَيَافِيهَا ثُمَّ دَخَلُوهَا بَعْدَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً قَالَ وَ مَا كَانَ خُرُوجُهُمْ مِنْ مِصْرَ وَ دُخُولُهُمُ الشَّامَ إِلَّا مِنْ بَعْدِ تَوْبَتِهِمْ وَ رِضَى اللَّهِ عَنْهُمْ
They wandered in the earth for forty years, in Egypt and its deserted wilderness. Then they entered it after forty years, and it was not their coming out from Egypt, and their entry into Syria was after their repentance and Pleasure of Allah-azwj about them.
وَ قَالَ إِنِّي لَأَكْرَهُ أَنْ آكُلَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ طُبِخَ فِي فَخَّارِهَا وَ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَغْسِلَ رَأْسِي مِنْ طِينِهَا مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يُورِثَنِي تُرَابُهَا الذُّلَّ وَ يَذْهَبَ بِغَيْرَتِي
And he-asws said: ‘I-asws dislike eating anything cooked in their pots, and I-asws do not like washing my-asws head from its clay, fearing lest I-asws would inherit the disgrace from its dust, and my-asws honour would go away’’.[129]
17- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ قَالَ كَانَ فِي عِلْمِهِ أَنَّهُمْ سَيَعْصُونَ وَ يَتِيهُونَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً ثُمَّ يَدْخُلُونَهَا بَعْدَ تَحْرِيمِهِ إِيَّاهَا عَلَيْهِمْ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: Enter the Holy land which Allah has Prescribed for you [5:21]. He-asws said: ‘It was in His-azwj Knowledge that they would be disobeying and wandering for forty years, then would be entering it after His-azwj Prohibited it upon them’’.[130]
18- يب، تهذيب الأحكام قَالَ الصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ نَوْمَةُ الْغَدَاةِ مَشُومَةٌ تَطْرُدُ الرِّزْقَ وَ تُصَفِّرُ اللَّوْنَ وَ تُغَيِّرُهُ وَ تُقَبِّحُهُ وَ هُوَ نَوْمُ كُلِّ مَشُومٍ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُقَسِّمُ الْأَرْزَاقَ مَا بَيْنَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ إِلَى طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ تِلْكَ النَّوْمَةَ
‘Tafzeeb Al Ahkaam’ – Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘The morning sleep is inauspicious. It repels the sustenance, and pales the colour and changes it and makes it ugly, and it is a sleep of all inauspiciousness. Allah-azwj the Exalted Distributes the sustenance(s) during what is between the emergence of the dawn to the emergence of the sun, and beware of that sleep.
وَ كَانَ الْمَنُّ وَ السَّلْوَى يَنْزِلُ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنْ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ إِلَى طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ فَمَنْ نَامَ تِلْكَ السَّاعَةَ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ نَصِيبُهُ وَ كَانَ إِذَا انْتَبَهَ فَلَا يَرَى نَصِيبَهُ احْتَاجَ إِلَى السُّؤَالِ وَ الطَّلَبِ
And the Manna and the quails were descending unto the Children of Israel from the emergence of the dawn to the emergence of the sun, so the one who sleeps during that time, his share would not descend, and when he would be awake, he would not see his share as being needy to the asking and the seeking’’.[131]
19- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ ظَلَّلْنا عَلَيْكُمُ الْغَمامَ وَ أَنْزَلْنا عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَنَّ وَ السَّلْوى كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّباتِ ما رَزَقْناكُمْ وَ ما ظَلَمُونا وَ لكِنْ كانُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ
‘Tafseer of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) – His-azwj Words: And We Shaded upon you the clouds and We Sent down to you manna and quail: Eat of the good things that We have Graced you; and they were not unjust to Us but they were being unjust to themselves. [2:57].
قَالَ الْإِمَامُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ اذْكُرُوا يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذْ ظَلَّلْنا عَلَيْكُمُ الْغَمامَ لَمَّا كُنْتُمْ فِي التِّيهِ تَقِيكُمْ حَرَّ الشَّمْسِ وَ بَرْدَ الْقَمَرِ وَ أَنْزَلْنا عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَنَّ وَ السَّلْوى الْمَنُّ التَّرَنْجَبِينُ كَانَ يَسْقُطُ عَلَى شَجَرِهِمْ فَيَتَنَاوَلُونَهُ وَ السَّلْوَى السُّمَانَى أَطْيَبُ طَيْرٍ لَحْماً يَسْتَرْسِلُ لَهُمْ فَيَصْطَادُونَهُ
The Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “And recall, O Children of Israel, when We Shaded upon you the clouds, [2:57] – due to what you were in the wilderness, saving you from the heat of the sun and the cold of the moon. and We Sent down to you manna and quail – the manna is the truffle which would fall upon their trees, so they were taking it; and the quail is the bobwhite bird, a delicious bird of flesh, were being sent to them, and they were catching it.
قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُمْ كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّباتِ ما رَزَقْناكُمْ وَ اشْكُرُوا نِعْمَتِي وَ عَظِّمُوا مَنْ عَظَّمْتُهُ وَ وَقِّرُوا مَنْ وَقَّرْتُهُ مِمَّنْ أَخَذْتُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْعُهُودَ وَ الْمَوَاثِيقَ لَهُمْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ
Allah-azwj the Almighty Said to them: Eat of the good things that We have Graced you and give thanks for My-azwj Bounties and consider great the one whom I-azwj have Made him-asws as great, and respect the one whom I-azwj respect from the ones I-azwj have Taken the Pact upon you all, and the Covenants for them-asws – Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws.
قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ ما ظَلَمُونا لَمَّا بَدَّلُوا وَ قَالُوا غَيْرَ مَا بِهِ أُمِرُوا وَ لَمْ يَفُوا بِمَا عَلَيْهِ عُوهِدُوا لِأَنَ كُفْرَ الْكَافِرِ لَا يَقْدَحُ فِي سُلْطَانِنَا وَ مَمَالِكِنَا كَمَا أَنَّ إِيمَانَ الْمُؤْمِنِ لَا يَزِيدُ فِي سُلْطَانِنَا وَ لكِنْ كانُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ يَضُرُّونَ بِهَا لِكُفْرِهِمْ وَ تَبْدِيلِهِمْ
Allah-azwj the Almighty Said and they were not unjust to Us – When they replaced it and said something other than what they had been Commanded with and did fulfil with what was upon them of the Covenants, because the Kufr (unbelief) of the unbeliever up to their covenants, and the disbelief of the disbelievers does not detract Our-azwj Authority and Our-azwj Kingdoms, just like the Eman of the Momin does not add anything to Our-azwj Authority but they were unjust to themselves -They were being harmed themselves by their Kufr and their replacements.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عِبَادَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ بِاعْتِقَادِ وَلَايَتِنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ لَا تُفَرِّقُوا بَيْنَنَا وَ انْظُرُوا كَيْفَ وَسَّعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ حَيْثُ أَوْضَحَ لَكُمُ الْحُجَّةَ لِيُسَهِّلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَعْرِفَةَ الْحَقِّ ثُمَّ وَسَّعَ لَكُمْ فِي التَّقِيَّةِ لِتَسْلَمُوا مِنْ شُرُورِ الْخَلْقِ ثُمَّ إِنْ بَدَّلْتُمْ وَ غَيَّرْتُمْ عَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمُ التَّوْبَةَ وَ قَبِلَهَا مِنْكُمْ فَكُونُوا لِنَعْمَاءِ اللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّاكِرِينَ
Then he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Servants of Allah-azwj! Upon you all is with the faith in our-asws Wilayah, the People-asws of the Household, and that you will not be differentiating between us-asws, and look how extensive Allah-azwj is upon you where He-azwj Clarified the proofs for you in order to ease upon you the recognition of the Truth. Then He-azwj Gave leeway for you regarding the dissimulation in order for you to be safe from the evils of the people. Then if you replace and change, He-azwj Presents the repentance upon you and Accepts from you, therefore become thankful for the Bounties of Allah-azwj’’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ إِذْ قُلْنَا ادْخُلُوا هذِهِ الْقَرْيَةَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ لا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: ‘And when We said: “Enter this town [2:58] – up to the Word of the Exalted: and there would be no fear for them, nor would they be grieving [2:62].
قَالَ الْإِمَامُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ اذْكُرُوا يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذْ قُلْنَا لِأَسْلَافِكُمُ ادْخُلُوا هَذِهِ الْقَرْيَةَ وَ هِيَ أَرِيحَا مِنْ بِلَادِ الشَّامِ وَ ذَلِكَ حِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنَ التِّيهِ فَكُلُوا مِنْها مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ حَيْثُ شِئْتُمْ رَغَداً وَاسِعاً بِلَا تَعَبٍ وَ ادْخُلُوا الْبابَ الْقَرْيَةَ سُجَّداً
The Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘Allah-azwj Exalted Said: ‘And recall, O Children of Israel when We said – to your ancestors, Enter this town – and it is Areyha, from the cities of Syria, and that is when they had come out from the wilderness so eat from it – from the town, plentifully wherever you so desire to, extensive, without fatigue, and without hostility, and enter the gate – the gate of the town, in Sajdah.
مَثَّلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى الْبَابِ مِثَالَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَسْجُدُوا تَعْظِيماً لِذَلِكَ الْمِثَالِ وَ أَنْ يُجَدِّدُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ بَيْعَتَهُمَا وَ ذِكْرَ مُوَالاتِهِمَا وَ لِيَذْكُرُوا الْعَهْدَ وَ الْمِيثَاقَ الْمَأْخُوذَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمْ لَهُمَا
Allah-azwj the Exalted Placed upon the gate, resemblances of Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws, and Commanded them that they should perform Sajdah of reverence to that resemblance, and they should renew upon themselves the allegiance to them-asws both, and mention their-asws Master-ship, and they should remember the pact and the Covenant which were Taken upon them all for them-asws both.
وَ قُولُوا حِطَّةٌ أَيْ قُولُوا إِنَّ سُجُودَنَا لِلَّهِ تَعْظِيماً لِمِثَالِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ اعْتِقَادُنَا لِوَلَايَتِهِمَا حِطَّةٌ لِذُنُوبِنَا وَ مَحْوٌ لِسَيِّئَاتِنَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى نَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ أَيْ بِهَذَا الْفِعْلِ خَطاياكُمْ السَّالِفَةَ وَ نُزِيلُ عَنْكُمْ آثَامَكُمُ الْمَاضِيَةَ
And be saying, ‘Hitta’ –Meaning, ‘Say, ‘We are doing Sajdah to Allah-azwj the Exalted, in reference to the resemblances of Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws and our belief in their-asws Wilayah, Forgive our sins and Delete our mistakes.’ Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: We will Forgive you – i.e., due to this deed (for) your wrongs – the previous ones, and Remove from you – your sins of the past.
وَ سَنَزِيدُ الْمُحْسِنِينَ مَنْ كَانَ فِيكُمْ لَمْ يُقَارِفِ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي قَارَفَهَا مَنْ خَالَفَ الْوَلَايَةَ وَ ثَبَتَ عَلَى مَا أَعْطَى اللَّهُ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ مِنْ عَهْدِ الْوَلَايَةِ فَإِنَّا نَزِيدُهُمْ بِهَذَا الْفِعْلِ زِيَادَةَ دَرَجَاتٍ وَ مَثُوبَاتٍ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ سَنَزِيدُ الْمُحْسِنِينَ
And would Increase (for) the good doers – The ones from you who were not going near the sins which were perpetrated by the ones who opposed the Wilayah – and be steadfast upon what Allah-azwj has Given from Himself-azwj, from the pact of the Wilayah – Thus, We-azwj would Increase, due to these deeds, and increase the levels and the Rewards. And that is His-azwj Speech, the Mighty and Majestic and would Increase (for) the good doers’’.
قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَبَدَّلَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا قَوْلًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمْ أَيْ لَمْ يَسْجُدُوا كَمَا أُمِرُوا وَ لَا قَالُوا مَا أُمِرُوا وَ لَكِنْ دَخَلُوهَا مِنْ مُسْتَقْبِلِيهَا بِأَسْتَاهِهِمْ وَ قَالُوا هنطا سمقانا أَيْ حِنْطَةٌ حَمْرَاءُ يُنَقُّونَهَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيْنَا مِنْ هَذَا الْفِعْلِ وَ هَذَا الْقَوْلِ
The Words of Mighty and Majestic: But those who were unjust replaced it for a word other than that which had been Said to them – They were not doing Sajdah as they had been Commanded with, nor were they saying what they had been Commanded to, but they were entering it backwards turning around, and they were saying, ‘Hitta Samqana’ – i.e., ‘Red wheat we are speaking’ (meaningless words) – is more beloved to us that this deed and this word (Hitta)’’.
قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَأَنْزَلْنا عَلَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا غَيَّرُوا وَ بَدَّلُوا مَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَنْقَادُوا لِوَلَايَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ آلِهِمَا الطَّيِّبِينَ رِجْزاً مِنَ السَّماءِ بِما كانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ يَخْرُجُونَ عَنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ طَاعَتِهِ
Allah-azwj the Exalted Said so We Sent upon those who were unjust – changed and replaced what was Said to them (to be saying), and they did not believe in the Wilayah of Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws and their-asws goodly Progeny-asws, the Pure, a plague from the sky, due to what they were corrupting – exiting from the Command of Allah-azwj and His-azwj obedience.
قَالَ وَ الرِّجْزُ الَّذِي أَصَابَهُمْ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ مِنْهُمْ بِالطَّاعُونِ فِي بَعْضِ يَوْمٍ مِائَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ أَلْفاً وَ هُمْ مِنْ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنْهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ وَ لَا يَتُوبُونَ وَ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ هَذَا الرِّجْزُ عَلَى مَنْ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ يَتُوبُ أَوْ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ صُلْبِهِ ذُرِّيَّةٌ طَيِّبَةٌ يُوَحِّدُ اللَّهَ وَ يُؤْمِنُ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ يَعْرِفُ الْوَلَايَةَ لِعَلِيٍّ وَصِيِّهِ وَ أَخِيهِ
He-asws said: ‘And the torment which struck them, was that there died one hundred and twenty thousand of them due to the plague in part of a day, and they, in the Knowledge of Allah-azwj the Exalted, were from those that they would not be believing nor would they be repenting. And this torment did not descend upon the ones whom He-azwj Knew that they would be repenting, or they would be coming out from his loins, an offspring who would profess the Tawheed (Oneness) of Allah-azwj, and believe in the Muhammad-saww and acknowledge the Wilayah of Ali-asws, his-saww successor-asws and his-saww brother-asws’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ إِذِ اسْتَسْقى مُوسى لِقَوْمِهِ قَالَ وَ اذْكُرُوا يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذِ اسْتَسْقَى مُوسَى لِقَوْمِهِ طَلَبَ لَهُمُ السَّقْيَ لَمَّا لَحِقَهُمُ الْعَطَشُ فِي التِّيهِ وَ ضَجُّوا بِالْبُكَاءِ إِلَى مُوسَى وَ قَالُوا هَلَكْنَا بِالْعَطَشِ
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And when Musa prayed for the rain for his people. He-azwj Said: “Recall, O Children of Israel, when Musa prayed for the rain for his people, seeking for them the quenching, due to the thirst which faced them in the wilderness, and they raised a clamour to Musa-as, and they said: ‘The thirst is killing us!’.
فَقَالَ مُوسَى إِلَهِي بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ سَيِّدِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ بِحَقِّ عَلِيٍّ سَيِّدِ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ وَ بِحَقِّ فَاطِمَةَ سَيِّدَةِ النِّسَاءِ وَ بِحَقِّ الْحَسَنِ سَيِّدِ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ وَ بِحَقِّ الْحُسَيْنِ سَيِّدِ الشُّهَدَاءِ وَ بِحَقِّ عِتْرَتِهِمْ وَ خُلَفَائِهِمْ سَادَةِ الْأَزْكِيَاءِ لَمَّا سَقَيْتَ عِبَادَكَ هَؤُلَاءِ
Musa-as said: ‘O Allah-azwj! By the right of Muhammad-saww, Chief of the Prophets-as, and by the right of Ali-asws, Chief of the successors-as, and by the right of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, Chief Tess of the women, and by the right of Al-Hassan-asws, Chief of the Guardians-asws, and by the right of Al-Husayn-asws, Chief of the martyrs, and by the right of their-asws family, and their-asws Caliphs-asws, the Chiefs of the Intelligent ones, Quench them, Your-azwj servants!’
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَا مُوسَى اضْرِبْ بِعَصاكَ الْحَجَرَ فَضَرَبَهُ بِهَا فَانْفَجَرَتْ مِنْهُ اثْنَتا عَشْرَةَ عَيْناً قَدْ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُناسٍ كُلُّ قَبِيلَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي أَبٍ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ يَعْقُوبَ مَشْرَبَهُمْ فَلَا يُزَاحِمُ الْآخَرِينَ فِي مَشْرَبِهِمْ
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed unto him-as: “O Musa-as! Strike the rock with your Staff! So he-as struck with it, So there gushed out from it twelve springs; each group knew – each tribe from the sons of a father, from the children of Yaqoub-as its drinking place. Thus, the others did not hoard them in their drinking place.
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى كُلُوا وَ اشْرَبُوا مِنْ رِزْقِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمُوهُ وَ لا تَعْثَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ وَ لَا تَسْعَوْا فِيهَا وَ أَنْتُمْ مُفْسِدُونَ عَاصُونَ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said Eat and drink from the Grace of Allah – which He-azwj has Given you all and do not mischievous in the land, as transgressors – and do not go about in it and you are corrupting, disobeying’’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ إِذْ قُلْتُمْ يا مُوسى لَنْ نَصْبِرَ عَلى طَعامٍ واحِدٍ اذْكُرُوا إِذْ قَالَ أَسْلَافُكُمْ لَنْ نَصْبِرَ عَلَى طَعَامٍ وَاحِدٍ الْمَنِّ وَ السَّلْوَى وَ لَا بُدَّ لَنَا مِنْ خِلْطٍ مَعَهُ فَادْعُ لَنا رَبَّكَ يُخْرِجْ لَنا مِمَّا تُنْبِتُ الْأَرْضُ مِنْ بَقْلِها وَ قِثَّائِها وَ فُومِها وَ عَدَسِها وَ بَصَلِها قالَ مُوسَى أَ تَسْتَبْدِلُونَ الَّذِي هُوَ أَدْنى بِالَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ يُرِيدُ أَ تَسْتَدْعُونَ الْأَدْنَى لِيَكُونَ لَكُمْ بَدَلًا مِنَ الْأَفْضَلِ
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And when you said: O Musa! We can never be patient upon one food – And recall when your ancestors said, ‘We can never be patient upon one food – the ‘manna and salva’, and it is inevitable for us to mix (something else) with it. Therefore, supplicate for us to your Lord to bring forth for us out of what the earth grows, of its herbs, and its cucumbers, and its garlic, and its lentils, and its onions. Musa-as said: ‘Will you be replacing by that which is worse, for that which is better? – He-as meant – ‘Are you calling for the lowly to happen to be for you in replacement of the superior?
ثُمَّ قَالَ اهْبِطُوا مِصْراً مِنَ الْأَمْصَارِ مِنْ هَذِهِ التِّيهِ فَإِنَّ لَكُمْ ما سَأَلْتُمْ فِي الْمِصْرِ
Then He-azwj Said Go down to a city – from the cities – from this wilderness so there would be for you what you are asking for! – in the city.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ ضُرِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الذِّلَّةُ أَيِ الْجِزْيَةُ أُخْزُوا بِهَا عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ وَ عِنْدَ مُؤْمِنِي عِبَادِهِ وَ الْمَسْكَنَةُ هِيَ الْفَقْرُ وَ الذِّلَّةُ وَ باؤُ بِغَضَبٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ احْتَمَلُوا الْغَضَبَ وَ اللَّعْنَةَ مِنَ اللَّهِ ذلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كانُوا ذَلِكَ الَّذِي لَحِقَهُمْ مِنَ الذِّلَّةِ وَ الْمَسْكَنَةِ وَ احْتَمَلُوا مِنْ غَضَبِ اللَّهِ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَكْفُرُونَ بِآياتِ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ ضُرِبَ عَلَيْهِمْ هَذِهِ الذِّلَّةُ وَ الْمَسْكَنَةُ
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And there was struck upon them, the disgrace – the taxation they were seized with in the presence of their Lord-azwj, and with His-azwj Momin servants; and the destitution – it is the poverty and the humiliation; and epidemic, being a Wrath from Allah – they were loaded with the Wrath and the Curse from Allah-azwj; That was due to their disbelieving in the Signs of Allah – before there was struck upon them, this disgrace and the destitution.
وَ يَقْتُلُونَ النَّبِيِّينَ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِ وَ كَانُوا يَقْتُلُونَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ بِلَا جُرْمٍ كَانَ مِنْهُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ لَا إِلَى غَيْرِهِمْ ذلِكَ بِما عَصَوْا ذَلِكَ الْخِذْلَانُ الَّذِي اسْتَوْلَى عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى فَعَلُوا الْآثَامَ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا ضُرِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الذِّلَّةُ وَ الْمَسْكَنَةُ وَ بَاءُوا بِغَضَبٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ بِمَا عَصَوْا وَ كانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ يَتَجَاوَزُونَ أَمْرَ اللَّهِ إِلَى أَمْرِ إِبْلِيسَ
And their killing the Prophets without the right – and they were killing them-as without a right, without a crime from them-as against them, nor to others. That was due to their disobeying – that is the abandonment which pre-occupied them until they committed those sins due to which the disgrace and the destitution were struck upon them, and epidemic being a Wrath from Allah-azwj – due to what they disobeyed, and they were transgressing – i.e., they were exceeding the Commands of Allah-azwj under the instructions of Iblees-la’’.[132]
20- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ سَعْدَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنَّ الْقَائِمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِذَا قَامَ بِمَكَّةَ وَ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتَوَجَّهَ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ نَادَى مُنَادِيهِ أَلَا لَا يَحْمِلُ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ طَعَاماً وَ لَا شَرَاباً وَ يَحْمِلُ حَجَرَ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ وَ هُوَ وِقْرُ بَعِيرٍ
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Musa Bin Sa’dan, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim, from Abu Saeed Al Khurasany,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Al-Qaim-asws, when he-asws rises in Makkah and intends to head towards Al-Kufa, his-asws caller will call our: ‘Indeed! Not one of you should carry any food nor any drink, and carry a rock of Musa-as Bin Imran-as – and it would be load of a camel’.
فَلَا يَنْزِلُ مَنْزِلًا إِلَّا انْبَعَثَ عَيْنٌ مِنْهُ فَمَنْ كَانَ جَائِعاً شَبِعَ وَ مَنْ كَانَ ظَامِئاً رَوِيَ فَهُوَ زَادُهُمْ حَتَّى يَنْزِلَ النَّجَفَ مِنْ ظَهْرِ الْكُوفَةِ
He-asws will not descend at any encampment except he-asws will burst a spring from it. The one who would be hungry will be satiated, and one who was thirsty will be quenched. He-asws will provide them until he-asws encamps at Najaf, from the back of Al-Kufa’’.[133]
21- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام أَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْيَهُودِ وَ قَالَ احْذَرُوا أَنْ يَنَالَكُمْ بِخِلَافِ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ خِلَافِ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ مَا أَصَابَ أَوَائِلَكُمُ الَّذِينَ قَالَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ فَبَدَّلَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا قَوْلًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمْ وَ أُمِرُوا بِأَنْ يَقُولُوهُ
‘Tafseer of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘Then Rasool-Allah-saww turned to face the Jews, and he-saww said: ‘Be cautioned of attaining by opposing the Command of Allah-azwj and opposing His-azwj Book, what your earlier ones were hit with, those whom Allah-azwj Said regarding them: But those who were unjust replaced it for a word other than that which had been Said to them, and instruct (others) that they should be saying it.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَأَنْزَلْنا عَلَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا رِجْزاً عَذَاباً مِنَ السَّماءِ طَاعُوناً نَزَلَ بِهِمْ فَمَاتَ مِنْهُمْ مِائَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ أَلْفاً ثُمَّ أَخَذَهُمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَمَاتَ مِنْهُمْ مِائَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ أَلْفاً أَيْضاً
Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: so We Sent upon those who were unjust, a plague from the sky, due to what they were corrupting [2:59] – a Punishment from the sky, a plagued descended upon them, so one hundred and twenty thousand of them died. Then they were seized afterwards with a pestilence, and one hundred and twenty thousand of them died as well.
وَ كَانَ خِلَافُهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ لَمَّا أَنْ بَلَغُوا الْبَابَ رَأَوْا بَاباً مُرْتَفِعاً فَقَالُوا مَا بَالُنَا نَحْتَاجُ إِلَى أَنْ نَرْكَعَ عِنْدَ الدُّخُولِ هَاهُنَا ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ بَابٌ مُنْحَطٌّ لَا بُدَّ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فِيهِ وَ هَذَا بَابٌ مُرْتَفِعٌ إِلَى مَتَى يَسْخَرُ بِنَا هَؤُلَاءِ يَعْنُونَ مُوسَى وَ يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ وَ يُسْجِدُونَنَا فِي الْأَبَاطِيلِ
And it was so that their backs, when they reached the door (Door of Hitta), they saw a high door. They said, ‘What is the matter with us being needy to bow during the entry over here? We thought that it would be a low door, it being inevitable to bow during (entering) it, and this is a high door, and up to when will they-as mock with us?’ – meaning Musa-as, then Yoshua Bin Noon-as, and they-as were getting us to prostrate falsely’.
وَ جَعَلُوا أَسْتَاهَهُمْ نَحْوَ الْبَابِ وَ قَالُوا بَدَلَ قَوْلِهِمْ حِطَّةٌ الَّذِي أُمِرُوا بِهِ حطا سمقانا يَعْنُونَ حِنْطَةً حَمْرَاءَ فَذَلِكَ تَبْدِيلُهُمْ
And they made their posteriors towards the door, and they were saying a replacement word instead of ‘Hitta’ which they had been Commanded with, ‘Hitta Samqana’, meaning red wheat. That was their alteration.
في ذكر النعم التي أنعم الله تعالى على بني إسرائيل في التيه
Regarding the bounties which Allah the Exalted Favoured upon the children of Israel in the wilderness
قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ ص الْكَمْأَةُ مِنَ الْمَنِّ وَ مَاؤُهَا شِفَاءٌ لِلْعَيْنِ
Words of the Prophet-saww: ‘Thr truffle is from the Manna and its water is healing for the eyes’.
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 1
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 2
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 3
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 4
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 5
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 6
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 7
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 8
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 9
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 10
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 11
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 12
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 13
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 14
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 15
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 16
[17] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 17
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 18
[19] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 19
[20] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 20
[21] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 1
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 2
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 3
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 4
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 5
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 6
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 7
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 8
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 9
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 10
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 11
[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 12
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 13
[34] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 14
[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 15
[36] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 16
[37] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 17
[38] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 18
[39] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 19
[40] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 20
[41] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 21
[42] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 3 H 1
[43] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 3 H 2
[44] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 3 H 3
[45] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 3 H 4
[46] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 3 H 5
[47] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 1
[48] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 2
[49] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 3
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 4
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 5
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 6
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 7
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 8
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 9
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 10
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 11
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 12
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 13
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 14
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 15
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 16
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 17
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 18
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 19
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 20
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 21
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 22
[69] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 23
[70] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 24
[71] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 25
[72] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 26
[73] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 27
[74] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 28
[75] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 29
[76] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 30
[77] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 31
[78] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 32
[79] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 33
[80] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 34
[81] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 35
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 36
[83] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 37
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 38
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 39
[86] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 40
[87] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 41
[88] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 42
[89] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 43
[90] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 44
[91] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 45
[92] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 46
[93] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 47
[94] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 48
[95] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 49
[96] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 50
[97] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 51
[98] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 52
[99] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 53
[100] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 54
[101] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 55
[102] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 56
[103] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 57
[104] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 58
[105] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 59
[106] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 60
[107] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 61
[108] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 1
[109] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 2
[110] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 3
[111] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 4
[112] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 5
[113] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 6
[114] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 1
[115] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 2
[116] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 3
[117] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 4
[118] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 5
[119] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 6
[120] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 7
[121] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 8
[122] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 9
[123] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 10
[124] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 11
[125] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 12
[126] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 13
[127] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 14
[128] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 15
[129] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 16
[130] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 17
[131] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 18
[132] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 19
[133] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 20