بحار الأنوار
Volume 13
Part 3 out of 3
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
باب 12 وفاة موسى و هارون عليهما السلام و موضع قبرهما و بعض أحوال يوشع بن نون عليه السلام
CHAPTER 12 – EXPIRY OF MUSA-as AND HAROUN-as AND THE PLACE OF THEIR-as GRAVES, AND SOME OF THE SITUATIONS OF YOSHUA BIN NOUN-as
1- فس، تفسير القمي مَاتَ هَارُونُ وَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ فِي التِّيهِ فَرُوِيَ أَنَّ الَّذِي حَفَرَ قَبْرَ مُوسَى هُوَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فِي صُورَةِ آدَمِيٍّ وَ لِذَلِكَ لَا يَعْرِفُ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ مَوْضِعَ قَبْرِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – Haroun-as and Musa-as passed away in the desert. It is reported that the one who dug the grave of Musa-as, he was the Angel of death in the image of a human being, and for that reason the children of Israel could not recognise the place of the grave of Musa-as.
وَ سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ ص عَنْ قَبْرِهِ فَقَالَ عِنْدَ الطَّرِيقِ الْأَعْظَمِ عِنْدَ الْكَثِيبِ الْأَحْمَرِ
And the Prophet-saww was asked about his-as grave. He-as said: ‘By the main road at the red dune’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ بَيْنَ مُوسَى وَ بَيْنَ دَاوُدَ خَمْسُمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ وَ بَيْنَ دَاوُدَ وَ عِيسَى أَلْفُ سَنَةٍ وَ مِائَةُ سَنَةٍ
He said, ‘And between Musa-as and Dawood-as were five hundred years, and between Dawood-as and Isa-as were a thousand one hundred years’.[1]
2- لي، الأمالي للصدوق ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ رَضِيتُ بِمَا قَضَيْتَ تُمِيتُ الْكَبِيرَ وَ تُبْقِي الطِّفْلَ الصَّغِيرَ
Ibn Idrees, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Abu Najran, from Abu Jameela, from Jabir al Jufy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Musa-as Bin Imran-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! I-as am pleased with whatever You-azwj Decree, causing the old ones to die and the young children remain’.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ يَا مُوسَى أَ مَا تَرْضَانِي لَهُمْ رَازِقاً وَ كَفِيلًا قَالَ بَلَى يَا رَبِّ فَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ أَنْتَ وَ نِعْمَ الْكَفِيلُ
Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “But, are you-as not pleased with Me-azwj as a Sustainer and a Protector?’ He-as said: ‘Yes, O Lord-azwj, best of the protectors and best of the guarantors’.[2]
3- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ وَ غَيْرُهُ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ وَ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي الدَّيْلَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: أَوْصَى مُوسَى إِلَى يُوشَعَ بْنِ نُونٍ وَ أَوْصَى يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ إِلَى وُلْدِ هَارُونَ وَ لَمْ يُوصِ إِلَى وُلْدِهِ وَ لَا إِلَى وُلْدِ مُوسَى إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ الْخِيَرَةُ يَخْتَارُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِمَّنْ يَشَاءُ وَ بَشَّرَ مُوسَى وَ يُوشَعُ بِالْمَسِيحِ
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan and someone else from Sahl, from Muhammad Bin Isa and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Ibn Al-Husayn altogether from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ismail Bin Jabir and Abdul Kareem Bin Amro, from Abdul Al Humeyd Bin Abu Al Daylam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Musa-as bequeathed to Yoshua Bin Noun-as, and Yoshua Bin Noun-as bequeathed to the children of Haroun-as, and he-as did not bequeath to his-as children nor to the children of Musa-as, as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Chose for him-as. He-azwj Chooses one He-azwj so Desires to from the ones He-azwj so Desires; and Musa-as and Yoshua-as gave the glad tidings of the Messiah-as’’.[3]
4- كا، الكافي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جُمْهُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَعْمَرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنِ الْإِمَامِ يُغَسِّلُهُ الْإِمَامُ قَالَ سُنَّةُ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ
‘Al Kafi’ – Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Al Moalla, from Muhammad Bin Jamhour, from Abu Ma’mar who said,
‘I asked Al-Reza-asws about the Imam-asws washing the Imam-asws (at funeral)?’ He-asws said: ‘A Sunnah of Musa-as Bin Imran-as’’.[4]
5- يب، تهذيب الأحكام ذَكَرَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْقُمِّيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فِي نَوَادِرِهِ قَالَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ أَخِيهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ أَخِي حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ شَقَّ ثَوْبَهُ عَلَى أَبِيهِ أَوْ عَلَى أُمِّهِ أَوْ عَلَى أَخِيهِ أَوْ عَلَى قَرِيبٍ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِشَقِّ الثَّوْبِ قَدْ شَقَّ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ عَلَى أَخِيهِ هَارُونَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ
‘Tahzeeb Al Ahkaam’ – It is mentioned by Ahmad bin Muhammad Bin Dawood Al Qummy in his miscellaneous, reporting from Muhammad Ibn Isa, from his brother Ja’far Bin Isa, from Khalid Bin Sadeyr brother of Hanan Bin Sadeyr who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about a man who tears his clothes (crying) upon his father or upon his mother or upon his brother or upon a near relative of his. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with tearing the clothes as Musa-as Bin Imran-as had torn (his-as cloth crying) upon his-as brother-as Haroun-as’’.[5]
6- يب، تهذيب الأحكام أَخْبَرَنِي الشَّيْخُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ قَالَ: الْغُسْلُ فِي سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ مَوْطِناً وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ أَيْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ هِيَ اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي أُصِيبَ فِيهَا أَوْصِيَاءُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ فِيهَا رُفِعَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ وَ قُبِضَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ
‘Tahzeeb Al Ahkaam’ – The sheykh informed me, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Al-Husayn Bin Al-Hassan Bin Aban, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hamad, from Hareyz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘The washing is in seven places’ – and continued the Hadeeth up to he-asws said: ‘And the eleventh night, i.e. from a Month of Ramazan, and it is the night in which the successors-as of the Prophets-as were afflicted, and during it Isa Bin Maryam-as was raised, and Musa-as passed away’’.[6]
7- أَقُولُ قَدْ مَرَّ فِي الْبَابِ الْأَوَّلِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ وَصِيُّ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ وَ هُوَ فَتَاهُ الَّذِي قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي كِتَابِهِ
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It has passed in the first chapter from Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘The successor of Musa-as Bin Imran-as was Yoshua Bin Noun-as, and he was a youth about whom Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted has Said in His-azwj Book’.[7]
8- ك، إكمال الدين لي، الأمالي للصدوق الْقَطَّانُ عَنِ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ أَخْبِرْنِي بِوَفَاةِ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ
‘Ikmal Al Deen’, ‘Al Amali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Qatan, from Al Sakry, from al Jowhary, from Ibn Amarah, from his father who said,
‘I said to Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, ‘Inform me about the expiry of Musa-as Bin Imran-as’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ لَمَّا أَتَاهُ أَجَلُهُ وَ اسْتَوْفَى مُدَّتَهُ وَ انْقَطَعَ أَكْلُهُ أَتَاهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ لَهُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا كَلِيمَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ مُوسَى وَ عَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ مَنْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَنَا مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ قَالَ مَا الَّذِي جَاءَ بِكَ قَالَ جِئْتُ لِأَقْبِضَ رُوحَكَ
He-asws said to him (me): ‘When his-as term came and his-as period was fulfilled, and his-as eating was terminated, the Angel of death came to him-as and said to him-as: ‘The greetings be upon you-as O speaker of Allah-azwj’. Musa-as said: ‘And upon you be the greetings, who are you?’ He said, ‘I am the Angel of death’. He-as said: ‘What is that which you have come for?’ I have come to capture your-as soul’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِنْ أَيْنَ تَقْبِضُ رُوحِي قَالَ مِنْ فَمِكَ قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَيْفَ وَ قَدْ كَلَّمْتُ رَبِّي جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ قَالَ فَمِنْ يَدَيْكَ قَالَ كَيْفَ وَ قَدْ حَمَلْتُ بِهِمَا التَّوْرَاةَ قَالَ فَمِنْ رِجْلَيْكَ قَالَ كَيْفَ وَ قَدْ وَطِئْتُ بِهِمَا طُورَ سَيْنَاءَ
Musa-as said to him: ‘From where will you be capturing my-as soul?’ He said, ‘From your-as mouth’. Musa-as said to him: ‘How, and I-as have spoken to my-as Lord-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty?’ He said, ‘From your-as hands’. He-as said: ‘How, and I-as have carried the Torah with these’. He said, ‘From your-as legs’. He-as said: ‘How, and I-as have trodden with these on (mount) Toor of Sinai?’
قَالَ فَمِنْ عَيْنَيْكَ قَالَ كَيْفَ وَ لَمْ تَزَلْ إِلَى رَبِّي بِالرَّجَاءِ مَمْدُودَةً قَالَ فَمِنْ أُذُنَيْكَ قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ وَ قَدْ سَمِعْتُ بِهِمَا كَلَامَ رَبِّي جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ
He said, ‘From your-as eyes’. He-as said: ‘How, and I-as did not cease to extend these to my-as Lord-azwj with the hope?’ He said, ‘From your-as ears’. He-as said: ‘And how, and I-as have listened with these the Speech of my-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’
قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَى مَلَكِ الْمَوْتِ لَا تَقْبِضْ رُوحَهُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ هُوَ الَّذِي يُرِيدُ ذَلِكَ وَ خَرَجَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَمَكَثَ مُوسَى مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَمْكُثَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ دَعَا يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ فَأَوْصَى إِلَيْهِ وَ أَمَرَهُ بِكِتْمَانِ أَمْرِهِ وَ بِأَنْ يُوصِيَ بَعْدَهُ إِلَى مَنْ يَقُومُ بِالْأَمْرِ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to the Angel of death: “Do not capture his-as soul until he-as happens to be the one who wants that!” And the Angel of death went out and Musa-as remained for as long as Allah-azwj Desired him-as to remain after that, and he-as called Yoshua Bin Noun-as and bequeathed to him-as and instructed him-as to conceal his-as matter and to bequeath after him-as to the one who would be standing with the command.
وَ غَابَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ قَوْمِهِ فَمَرَّ فِي غَيْبَتِهِ بِرَجُلٍ وَ هُوَ يَحْفِرُ قَبْراً فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ لَا أُعِينُكَ عَلَى حَفْرِ هَذَا الْقَبْرِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ بَلَى فَأَعَانَهُ حَتَّى حَفَرَ الْقَبْرَ وَ سَوَّى اللَّحْدَ ثُمَّ اضْطَجَعَ فِيهِ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِيَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ هُوَ فَكَشَفَ لَهُ عَنِ الْغِطَاءِ فَرَأَى مَكَانَهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ
And Musa-as was absent from his-as people, and during his-as occultation he-as passed by a man while he was digging a grave. He-as said to him: ‘Shall I-as assist you upon digging this grave?’ The man said to him-as, ‘Yes’. He-as assisted him until the grave was dug and the tomb was evened, then Musa Bin Imran-as lied down in it in order to look how it was. The covering was removed from him-as and he-as saw his-as place in the Paradise.
فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ اقْبِضْنِي إِلَيْكَ فَقَبَضَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ رُوحَهُ مَكَانَهُ وَ دَفَنَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ وَ سَوَّى عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ وَ كَانَ الَّذِي يَحْفِرُ الْقَبْرَ مَلَكٌ فِي صُورَةِ آدَمِيٍّ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي التِّيهِ فَصَاحَ صَائِحٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاتَ مُوسَى كَلِيمُ اللَّهِ فَأَيُّ نَفْسٍ لَا تَمُوتُ
He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Capture me-as to You-azwj!’ The Angel of death captured his-as soul in his-as place, and buried him-as in the grave, and evened the soil upon him-as; and the one who had dug the grave was an Angel in an image of the human being, and that was in the wilderness. Then a shouter shouted from the sky: ‘Musa-as, speaker of Allah-azwj has died, so which soul will not be dying?’
فَحَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص سُئِلَ عَنْ قَبْرِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَيْنَ هُوَ فَقَالَ عِنْدَ الطَّرِيقِ الْأَعْظَمِ عِنْدَ الْكَثِيبِ الْأَحْمَرِ
My-asws father-asws narrated to me-asws, from his-asws father-asws that Rasool-Allah-saww was asked about the grave of Musa-as, ‘Where is it?’ He-saww said: ‘By the great road at the red dune’.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ قَامَ بِالْأَمْرِ بَعْدَ مُوسَى صَابِراً مِنَ الطَّوَاغِيتِ عَلَى اللَّأْوَاءِ وَ الضَّرَّاءِ وَ الْجَهْدِ وَ الْبَلَاءِ حَتَّى مَضَى مِنْهُمْ ثَلَاثَةُ طَوَاغِيتَ فَقَوِيَ بَعْدَهُمْ أَمْرُهُ فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلَانِ مِنْ مُنَافِقِي قَوْمِ مُوسَى بِصَفْرَاءَ بِنْتِ شُعَيْبٍ امْرَأَةِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي مِائَةِ أَلْفِ رَجُلٍ فَقَاتَلُوا يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ
Then Yoshua Bin Noun-as stood with the command after Musa-as, patient from the tyrants upon the harm, and the adversities, and the struggles, and the affliction until three tyrants from them died and his-as command strengthened after them. Two men came from the hypocrites from the people of Musa-as came to him-as with Safura daughter of Shuayb-as, wife (widow) of Musa-as, among one hundred thousand men, and they fought against Yoshua Bin Noun-as.
فَغَلَبَهُمْ وَ قَتَلَ مِنْهُمْ مَقْتَلَةً عَظِيمَةً وَ هَزَمَ الْبَاقِينَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ وَ أَسَرَ صَفْرَاءَ بِنْتَ شُعَيْبٍ وَ قَالَ لَهَا قَدْ عَفَوْتُ عَنْكَ فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلَى أَنْ نَلْقَى نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ مُوسَى فَأَشْكُوَ مَا لَقِيتُ مِنْكِ وَ مِنْ قَوْمِكِ
But he-as overcame them and killed from them in a great killing, and defeated the remainder by the Permission of Allah-azwj, Exalted is His-azwj Mention, Safura daughter of Shuayb-as was captured, and he-as said to her: ‘I-as have pardoned you in the world until we meet Musa-as, and I-as shall complain of what I-as faced from you and from your people’.
فَقَالَتْ صَفْرَاءُ وَا وَيْلَاهْ وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أُبِيحَتْ لِيَ الْجَنَّةُ لَاسْتَحْيَيْتُ أَنْ أَرَى فِيهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ قَدْ هَتَكْتُ حِجَابَهُ وَ خَرَجْتُ عَلَى وَصِيِّهِ بَعْدَهُ
Safura said, ‘O woe! By Allah-azwj, if you-as were to legalise the Paradise for me, I would be embarrassed to see Rasool-as of Allah-azwj (Musa-as) in it, and I have violated his-as veil and came out against his-as successor-as after him-as’’.[8]
9- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ أَتَى مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَنْ أَنْتَ فَقَالَ أَنَا مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ مَا حَاجَتُكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ جِئْتُ أَقْبِضُ رُوحَكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى مِنْ أَيْنَ تَقْبِضُ رُوحِي قَالَ مِنْ فَمِكَ قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى كَيْفَ وَ قَدْ كَلَّمْتُ رَبِّي عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Angel of death came to Musa-as Bin Imran-as and greeted unto him-as. He-as said: ‘Who are you?’ He said, ‘I am the Angel of death’. He-as said: ‘What is your need?’ He said to him-as: ‘I have come to capture your-as soul’. Musa-as said to him: ‘From where will you capture my-as soul?’ He said, ‘From your-as mouth’. Musa-as said to him: ‘How, and I-as have spoken to my-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’
قَالَ فَمِنْ يَدَيْكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى كَيْفَ وَ قَدْ حَمَلْتُ بِهِمَا التَّوْرَاةَ فَقَالَ مِنْ رِجْلَيْكَ فَقَالَ وَ كَيْفَ وَ قَدْ وَطِئْتُ بِهِمَا طُورَ سَيْنَاءَ قَالَ وَ عَدَّ أَشْيَاءَ غَيْرَ هَذَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَإِنِّي أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَتْرُكَكَ حَتَّى تَكُونَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تُرِيدُ ذَلِكَ
He said, ‘From your-as hands’. Musa-as said to him: ‘How, and I-as have carried the Torah with the’. He said, ‘From your-as legs’. He-as said: ‘And how, and I-as have trodden with these on (mount) Toor of Sinai?’ He-as said: ‘And leave the things other that this’. The Angel of death said to him-as, ‘I-azwj am Commanded to leave you-as until you-as become the one to want that’.
فَمَكَثَ مُوسَى مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِرَجُلٍ وَ هُوَ يَحْفِرُ قَبْراً فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى أَ لَا أُعِينُكَ عَلَى حَفْرِ هَذَا الْقَبْرِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ بَلَى
Musa-as remain for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired. Then he-as passed by a man while he was digging a grave. Musa-as said to him: ‘Shall I-as assist you upon digging this grave?’ The man said to him, ‘Yes’’.
قَالَ فَأَعَانَهُ حَتَّى حَفَرَ الْقَبْرَ وَ لَحَدَ اللَّحْدَ فَأَرَادَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ يَضْطَجِعَ فِي اللَّحْدِ لِيَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ هُوَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى أَنَا أَضْطَجِعُ فِيهِ فَاضْطَجَعَ مُوسَى فَأُرِيَ مَكَانَهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ أَوْ قَالَ مَنْزِلَهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ اقْبِضْنِي إِلَيْكَ فَقَبَضَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ رُوحَهُ وَ دَفَنَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ وَ سَوَّى عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ
He-asws said: ‘He-as assisted him until the grave was dug, and the tomb was evened, and the man intended to lie down in the tomb in order to look how it is, but Musa-as said to him: ‘I-as shall lie down in it’. So, Musa-as lied down and saw his-as place from the Paradise’ – or said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Capture me-as to You-azwj’. The Angel of death captured his-as soul and buried him-as in the grave, and evened the soil upon him-as.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ الَّذِي يَحْفِرُ الْقَبْرَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فِي صُورَةِ آدَمِيٍّ فَلِذَلِكَ لَا يُعْرَفُ قَبْرُ مُوسَى
He-asws said: ‘And the one who had dug the grave was the Angel of death in an image of a human being. Therefore, due to that, the grave of Musa-as is not recognised’’.[9]
10- ك، إكمال الدين عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الدَّقَّاقُ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْجُنَيْدِ الرَّازِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مِينَا مَوْلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلنَّبِيِّ ص يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ يُغَسِّلُكَ إِذَا مِتَّ فَقَالَ يُغَسِّلُ كُلَّ نَبِيٍّ وَصِيُّهُ قُلْتُ فَمَنْ وَصِيُّكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – Ali Bin Ahmad Al Daqaq, from Hamza Bin Al Qasim, from Ali Bin Al Jundab al Razy, from Abu Awanah, from Al-Husayn Bin Ali, from Abdul Razaq, from his father, from Mayna, a slave of Abdul Rahman Bin Awf, from Abdullah Bin Masoud who said,
‘I said to the Prophet-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Who will wash you-saww when you-saww pass away?’ He-saww said: ‘Every Prophet-as is washed by his-as successor-as’. I said, ‘And who is your-saww successor-asws, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.
فَقُلْتُ كَمْ يَعِيشُ بَعْدَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً فَإِنَّ يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ وَصِيَّ مُوسَى عَاشَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً وَ خَرَجَتْ عَلَيْهِ صَفْرَاءُ بِنْتُ شُعَيْبٍ زَوْجُ مُوسَى فَقَالَتْ أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِالْأَمْرِ مِنْكَ فَقَاتَلَهَا فَقَتَلَ مُقَاتِلَتَهَا وَ أَسَرَهَا فَأَحْسَنَ أَسْرَهَا
I said, ‘How much will he-asws be living after you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘Thirty years, for Yoshua Bin Noun-as, successor-as of Musa-as lived after him-as for thirty years, and Safura daughter of Shuayb-as, wife (widow) of Musa-as came out against him-as and she said, ‘I am more rightful with the command than you-as are’. He-as fought her, and killed her fighters, and captivated her, and excellent was her captivity.
وَ إِنَّ ابْنَةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ سَتَخْرُجُ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ فِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا أَلْفاً مِنْ أُمَّتِي فَيُقَاتِلُهَا فَيَقْتُلُ مُقَاتِلَتَهَا وَ يَأْسِرُهَا فَيُحْسِنُ أَسْرَهَا وَ فِيهَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ قَرْنَ فِي بُيُوتِكُنَّ وَ لا تَبَرَّجْنَ تَبَرُّجَ الْجاهِلِيَّةِ الْأُولى يَعْنِي صَفْرَاءَ بِنْتَ شُعَيْبٍ
And the daughter of Abu Bakr will be coming out against Ali-asws among such and such thousands from my-saww community, and he-asws will fight her and killed her fighters, and captivated her and excellent was her captivity, and regarding her Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: And stay in your houses and do not display your finery like the displaying of the Pre-Islamic period before; [33:33] – meaning Safura daughter of Shuayb-as’’.[10]
11- كا، الكافي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَا مَنْزِلَةُ الْأَئِمَّةِ قَالَ كَمَنْزِلَةِ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ كَمَنْزِلَةِ يُوشَعَ وَ كَمَنْزِلَةِ آصَفَ صَاحِبِ سُلَيْمَانَ
‘Al Kafi’ – Ahmad Bin Mihran, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Ibn Mahboub, from Hisham Bin Salim, from Amar Al Sabaty who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What is the status of the Imams-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘Like the status of Zulqarnayn, and like the status of Yoshua-as, and like the status of Aasif-as, companion of Suleyman-as’’.[11]
12- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمَّا كَانَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي قُتِلَ فِيهَا عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمْ يُرْفَعْ عَنْ وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ حَجَرٌ إِلَّا وُجِدَ تَحْتَهُ دَمٌ عَبِيطٌ حَتَّى طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ وَ كَذَلِكَ كَانَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي قُتِلَ فِيهَا يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ الْخَبَرَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By his chain from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘When it was the night during which Ali-asws was killed, no stone was raised from the surface of the earth except blood was found under it, fresh until the emergence of the dawn, and like that it was on the night in which Yoshua Bin Noun-as was killed’ – the Hadeeth’.[12]
13- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِهَارُونَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ امْضِ بِنَا إِلَى جَبَلِ طُورِ سَيْنَاءَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَا فَإِذَا بَيْتٌ عَلَى بَابِهِ شَجَرَةٌ عَلَيْهَا ثَوْبَانِ فَقَالَ مُوسَى لِهَارُونَ اطْرَحْ ثِيَابَكَ وَ ادْخُلْ هَذَا الْبَيْتَ وَ الْبَسْ هَاتَيْنِ الْحُلَّتَيْنِ وَ نَمْ عَلَى السَّرِيرِ فَفَعَلَ هَارُونُ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from his father, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Musa-as said to Haroun-as: ‘Let us-as go to the mount Toor of Sinai’. Then they-as went out and there was a house having a tree at its door having two clothes on it. Musa-as said to Haroun-as: ‘Take off your-as cloth and enter this house and wear these two garments, and sleep upon the bed’. Haroun-as did so.
فَلَمَّا أَنْ نَامَ عَلَى السَّرِيرِ قَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ ارْتَفَعَ الْبَيْتُ وَ الشَّجَرَةُ وَ رَجَعَ مُوسَى إِلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَأَعْلَمَهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَبَضَ هَارُونَ وَ رَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا كَذَبْتَ أَنْتَ قَتَلْتَهُ
When he-as slept upon the bed, Allah-azwj Captured his-as soul to Him-azwj, and the house and the tree arose, and Musa-as returned to the Children of Israel and let them know that Allah-azwj Captured Haroun-as and Raised him-as to Him-azwj’. They said, ‘You-as are lying! You-azwj killed him-as’.
فَشَكَا مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ذَلِكَ إِلَى رَبِّهِ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْمَلَائِكَةَ فَأَنْزَلَتْهُ عَلَى سَرِيرٍ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ حَتَّى رَأَتْهُ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ فَعَلِمُوا أَنَّهُ مَاتَ
Musa-as complained of that to his-as Lord-azwj. Allah-azwj the Exalted Commanded the Angels and they descended him-as upon a bed between the sky and the earth until the Children of Israel saw him-as and they knew that he-as had died’’.[13]
14- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ أَتَى مُوسَى فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَنْ أَنْتَ فَقَالَ أَنَا مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ قَالَ فَمَا جَاءَ بِكَ قَالَ جِئْتُ لِأَقْبِضَ رُوحَكَ وَ إِنِّي أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَتْرُكَكَ حَتَّى تَكُونَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تُرِيدُ وَ خَرَجَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By this chain from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Angel of death came to Musa-as and greeted unto him-as. He-as said: ‘Who are you?’ He said, ‘I am the Angel of Death’. He-as said: ‘What have you come for?’ He said, ‘I have come to capture your-as soul, and I am Commanded to leave you-as until you-as happen to be the one who wants it’, and the Angel of death went out.
فَمَكَثَ مُوسَى مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ دَعَا يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ فَأَوْصَى إِلَيْهِ وَ أَمَرَهُ بِكِتْمَانِ أَمْرِهِ وَ بِأَنْ يُوصِيَ بَعْدَهُ إِلَى مَنْ يَقُومُ بِالْأَمْرِ وَ غَابَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ قَوْمِهِ
Musa-as remained for as long as Allah-azwj Desired. Then he-as called Yoshua Bin Noun-as and bequeathed to him-as and instructed him-as with the concealment of his-as matter and to bequeath after him-as to the one who would be standing with the command. And Musa-as was absent from his-as people.
فَمَرَّ فِي غَيْبَتِهِ وَ رَأَى مَلَائِكَةً يَحْفِرُونَ قَبْراً قَالَ لِمَنْ تَحْفِرُونَ هَذَا الْقَبْرَ قَالُوا نَحْفِرُهُ وَ اللَّهِ لِعَبْدِ كَرِيمٍ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ إِنَّ لِهَذَا الْعَبْدِ مِنَ اللَّهِ لَمَنْزِلَةً فَإِنِّي مَا رَأَيْتُ مَضْجَعاً وَ لَا مَدْخَلًا أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ
During his-as occultation he-as passed and saw Angels digging a grave. He-as said: ‘For whom are you all digging this grave?’ They said, ‘We are digging it, by Allah-azwj, for a servant honourable to Allah-azwj the Exalted’. He-as said: ‘Surely there is a status from Allah-azwj to this servant, for I-as have neither seen any bed nor an entrance better than it’.
فَسَأَلَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَا صَفِيَّ اللَّهِ أَ تُحِبُّ أَنْ تَكُونَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ وَدِدْتُ قَالُوا فَادْخُلْ وَ اضْطَجِعْ فِيهِ ثُمَّ تَوَجَّهْ إِلَى رَبِّكَ فَاضْطَجَعَ فِيهِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِيَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ هُوَ فَكُشِفَ لَهُ مِنَ الْغِطَاءِ فَرَأَى مَكَانَهُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ اقْبِضْنِي إِلَيْكَ
Then Angels asked, ‘O elite of Allah-azwj! Would you-as be astounded if you-as happen to be that?’ He-as said: ‘I-as would love it’. They said, ‘Then enter and lie down in it, then pay attention to your-as Lord-azwj?’ Musa-as lied down in it in order to see how it is, and the coverings were removed from him and he-as saw his-as place in the Paradise. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Capture me-as to You-azwj’.
فَقَبَضَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ وَ دَفَنَهُ وَ كَانَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ حَثَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَصَاحَ صَائِحٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاتَ مُوسَى كَلِيمُ اللَّهِ وَ أَيُّ نَفْسٍ لَا تَمُوتُ فَكَانَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ لَا يَعْرِفُونَ مَكَانَ قَبْرِهِ فَسُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ قَبْرِهِ قَالَ عِنْدَ الطَّرِيقِ الْأَعْظَمِ عِنْدَ الْكَثِيبِ الْأَحْمَرِ
The Angel of death captured him-as (his-as soul) and buried him-as, and the Angels were shoving (the soil) upon him-as. A shouter shouted from the sky: ‘Musa-as, the speaker of Allah-azwj died, and which soul will not be dying?’ The Children of Israel were not recognising the place of his-as grave. Rasool-Allah-saww was asked about his-as grave, he-saww said: ‘By the great road at the red dune’’.[14]
15- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ امْرَأَةَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ خَرَجَتْ عَلَى يُوشَعَ بْنِ نُونٍ رَاكِبَةً زَرَافَةً فَكَانَ لَهَا أَوَّلُ النَّهَارِ وَ لَهُ آخِرُ النَّهَارِ فَظَفِرَ بِهَا فَأَشَارَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْضُ مَنْ حَضَرَهُ بِمَا لَا يَنْبَغِي فِيهَا فَقَالَ أَ بَعْدَ مُضَاجَعَةِ مُوسَى لَهَا وَ لَكِنْ أَحْفَظُهُ فِيهَا
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from his father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Aban, from Ibn Awrama by his chain to,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The wife of Musa-as came out against Yoshua Bin Noun-as riding a giraffe. For her was the beginning of the day and for him-as was the end of the day, and won over her. One of the ones present indicate to him-as with what is not befitting regarding her. He-as said: ‘Is the grave of Musa-as far to her? But, I-as shall be protective regarding her’’.[15]
16- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُمْهُورٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ لِي يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ فِي زَمَنِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَرْبَعَةُ نَفَرٍ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَأَتَى وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمُ الثَّلَاثَةَ وَ هُمْ مُجْتَمِعُونَ فِي مَنْزِلِ أَحَدِهِمْ فِي مُنَاظَرَةٍ بَيْنَهُمْ فَقَرَعَ الْبَابَ وَ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ الْغُلَامُ فَقَالَ أَيْنَ مَوْلَاكَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هُوَ فِي الْبَيْتِ
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bni Jamhour, from Ahmad Bin Al-Husayn, from his father, from Ismail Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Sianna who said,
‘I was in the presence of Al-Reza-asws, so he-asws said to me: ‘O Abu Muhammad! It was so in the era of the Children of Israel there were four persons from the Momineen. One of them came over to the three and they had gathered in a house of one of them regarding a discussion between them. He knocked on the door and the slave came over to him. He said, ‘Where is your master? He said, ‘He is not in the house’.
فَرَجَعَ الرَّجُلُ وَ دَخَلَ الْغُلَامُ إِلَى مَوْلَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَنْ كَانَ الَّذِي قَرَعَ الْبَابَ قَالَ كَانَ فُلَانٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لَسْتَ فِي الْمَنْزِلِ فَسَكَتَ وَ لَمْ يَكْتَرِثْ وَ لَمْ يَلُمْ غُلَامَهُ وَ لَا اغْتَمَّ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ لِرُجُوعِهِ عَنِ الْبَابِ وَ أَقْبَلُوا فِي حَدِيثِهِمْ
The man returned and the slave went over to his master. He said to him, ‘Who was that who knocked the door?’ He said, ‘It was so and so, and I told him you were not in the house’. He remained silent and did not care and did not blame his slave, nor was anyone one of them saddened of his return from the door, and they returned towards their discussion.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ بَكَّرَ إِلَيْهِمُ الرَّجُلُ فَأَصَابَهُمْ وَ قَدْ خَرَجُوا يُرِيدُونَ ضَيْعَةً لِبَعْضِهِمْ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ قَالَ أَنَا مَعَكُمْ فَقَالُوا نَعَمْ وَ لَمْ يَعْتَذِرُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مُحْتَاجاً ضَعِيفَ الْحَالِ فَلَمَّا كَانُوا فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ إِذَا غَمَامَةٌ قَدْ أَظَلَّتْهُمْ فَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُ مَطَرٌ فَبَادَرُوا
When it was from the morning, the man came very early to them and he came across them and they had come out intending a property of one of them. He greeted upon them and said, ‘I (want to go) with you’. They said to him, ‘Yes’, and they did not apologise to him, and the man was needy and of a weak (financial) state. When they were in one of the streets, there was a cloud which shaded them. They thought it was going to rain, and they hastened.
فَلَمَّا اسْتَوَتِ الْغَمَامَةُ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ إِذَا مُنَادٍ يُنَادِي مِنْ جَوْفِ الْغَمَامَةِ أَيَّتُهَا النَّارُ خُذِيهِمْ وَ أَنَا جَبْرَئِيلُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَإِذَا نَارٌ مِنْ جَوْفِ الْغَمَامَةِ قَدِ اخْتَطَفَتِ الثَّلَاثَةَ نَفَرٍ وَ بَقِيَ الْآخَرُ مَرْعُوباً يَعْجَبُ مِمَّا نَزَلَ بِالْقَوْمِ وَ لَا يَدْرِي مَا السَّبَبُ
When the cloud was directly upon their heads, a Caller Called out from the interior of the cloud: ‘O you Fire! Seize them, and I-as am Jibraeel-as, a Messenger of Allah-azwj!’ Then a flame came out from the inside of the cloud and snatched the three persons, and there remained the man, awed, astounded from what had befallen with the group, and he did not know what the cause of it was.
فَرَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَقِيَ يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ وَ أَخْبَرَهُ الْخَبَرَ وَ مَا رَأَى وَ مَا سَمِعَ فَقَالَ يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ سَخِطَ عَلَيْهِمْ بَعْدَ أَنْ كَانَ عَنْهُمْ رَاضِياً وَ ذَلِكَ بِفِعْلِهِمْ بِكَ قَالَ وَ مَا فِعْلُهُمْ بِي فَحَدَّثَهُ يُوشَعُ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ فَأَنَا أَجْعَلُهُمْ فِي حِلٍّ وَ أَعْفُو عَنْهُمْ قَالَ لَوْ كَانَ هَذَا قَبْلُ لَنَفَعَهُمْ فَأَمَّا السَّاعَةَ فَلَا وَ عَسَى أَنْ يَنْفَعَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدُ
He returned to the city and met Yoshua-as Bin Noon-as and informed him-as of the news and what he had seen and what he had heard. Yoshua-as Bin Noon-as said: ‘Do you not know that Allah-azwj is Angered upon them after having been Pleased from them, and that was due to what they did with you’. He said, ‘And what was their deed with me?’ Yoshua-as narrated it. The man said, ‘I hereby make them to be free and excuse them’. He-as said: ‘Had this been before, it would have benefitted them, but as for now, so no, and perhaps it might benefit them from afterwards’’.[16]
17- ك، إكمال الدين أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى مَعاً عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: عَاشَ مُوسَى مِائَةً وَ سِتّاً وَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَ عَاشَ هَارُونُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِائَةً وَ ثَلَاثاً وَ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees and Muhammad Bin Yahya, both together from Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Yusuf Al Tameemy,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws from his-asws grandfather-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Musa-as lived for one hundred and twenty-six years, and Haroun-as lived for one hundred and thirty three years’’.[17]
18 كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَاتَ مُوسَى كَلِيمُ اللَّهِ فِي التِّيهِ فَصَاحَ صَائِحٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاتَ مُوسَى وَ أَيُّ نَفْسٍ لَا تَمُوتُ
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Ibn Fazal, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl, from Abdul Rahman Bin Yazeed,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Musa-as, speaker of Allah-azwj passed away in the wilderness. A shouter shouted from the sky: ‘Musa-as died, and which soul will not be dying?’’.[18]
19 صَفْوَةُ الصِّفَاتِ، لِلْكَفْعَمِيِّ رُوِيَ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّ يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ وَصِيَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمَّا حَارَبَ الْعَمَالِيقَ وَ كَانُوا فِي صُوَرٍ هَائِلَةٍ ضَعُفَتْ نُفُوسُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنْهُمْ فَشَكَوْا إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
‘Safwat Al Sifaat’ of Al Kafamy –
‘It is reported from Al-Baqir-asws that when Yoshua Bin Noun-as, successor-as Musa-as battled the Amalikites. They were of formidable images. The souls of the Children of Israel weakened from them. They complained to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يُوشَعَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنْ يَأْمُرَ الْخَوَاصَّ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ جَرَّةً مِنَ الْخَزَفِ فَارِغَةً عَلَى كَتِفِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ بِاسْمِ عِمْلِيقٍ وَ يَأْخُذَ بِيَمِينِهِ قَرْناً مَثْقُوباً مِنْ قُرُونِ الْغَنَمِ وَ يَقْرَأَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْقَرْنِ هَذَا الدُّعَاءَ يَعْنِي دُعَاءَ السِّمَاتِ لِئَلَّا يَسْتَرِقَ السَّمْعَ بَعْضُ شَيَاطِينِ الْجِنِّ وَ الْإِنْسِ فَيَتَعَلَّمُوهُ
Allah-azwj the Exalted Commanded Yoshua-as to instruct the special ones from the Children of Israel, that each one of them should take a jar of porcelain, and empty it upon the left shoulder with the name of an Amalikite, and he should take a hollow horn from the horns of the sheep, and each one of them should recite this supplication in the horn’ – meaning supplication of Al-Sama’at – ‘Lest a hearing be stolen by one of the Satans-la of the Jinn and the human and he would learn it.
ثُمَّ يُلْقُونَ الْجِرَارَ فِي عَسْكَرِ الْعَمَالِيقِ آخِرَ اللَّيْلِ وَ يَكْسِرُونَهَا فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فَأَصْبَحَ الْعَمَالِيقُ كَأَنَّهُمْ أَعْجازُ نَخْلٍ خاوِيَةٍ مُنْتَفِخِي الْأَجْوَافِ مَوْتَى الْخَبَرَ
Then they should throw the jars among the soldiers of the Amalikites at the end of the night and break these. They did that, and in the morning the Amalikites were as if they were like trunks of palm trees, empty, hollow from inside, dead’ – the Hadeeth’.[19]
20- مهج، مهج الدعوات بِإِسْنَادِنَا إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مِنْ كِتَابِهِ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَجَدَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ أصحابه [الصَّحَابَةِ] صَحِيفَةً أَتَى بِهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَنَادَى الصَّلَاةَ جَامِعَةً فَمَا تَخَلَّفَ أَحَدٌ لَا ذَكَرٌ وَ لَا أُنْثَى فَرَقِيَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَقَرَأَهَا فَإِذَا كِتَابُ يُوشَعَ بْنِ نُونٍ وَصِيِّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَإِذَا فِيهَا
‘Mahj Al Dawaat’ – By our chains to Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from his book, raising it, said,
‘Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws said: ‘A man from his-saww companions found a parchment Rasool-Allah-azwj had come with. He called for the congregational Salat. No one stayed behind, neither a male nor a female. He ascended the pulpit and read it out. It was a letter of Yoshua-as Bin Noun-as, successor-as of Musa-as. In it was: –
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ إِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ بِكُمْ لَرَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ أَلَا إِنَّ خَيْرَ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ التَّقِيُّ الْخَفِيُّ وَ إِنَّ شَرَّ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الْمُشَارُ إِلَيْهِ بِالْأَصَابِعِ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَكْتَالَ بِالْمِكْيَالِ الْأَوْفَى وَ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ الْحُقُوقَ الَّتِي أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ بِهَا عَلَيْهِ فَلْيَقُلْ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ
‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. Surely, your Lord-azwj is Kind, Merciful with you all. Indeed! The best of the servants of Allah-azwj is the pious, the fearful, and the evilest of the servants of Allah-azwj is the one gestured to by the fingers. So, the one who loves to be given full measure and to fulfil the rights which Allah-azwj has Favoured with upon him, then let him say during every day:
سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ كَمَا يَنْبَغِي لِلَّهِ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ كَمَا يَنْبَغِي لِلَّهِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ كَمَا يَنْبَغِي لِلَّهِ وَ لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ النَّبِيِّ الْعَرَبِيِّ الْهَاشِمِيِّ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى جَمِيعِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ النَّبِيِّينَ حَتَّى يَرْضَى اللَّهُ
‘Glory be to Allah-azwj just as is befitting for Allah-azwj. There is no god except Allah-azwj just as is befitting for Allah-azwj. And the Praise is for Allah-azwj just as is befitting for Allah-azwj. And there is neither any Might nor Strength except through Allah-azwj, and Salawat be upon Muhammad-saww and the People-asws of the Household of Muhammad-saww, the Arabian, the Hashimite, and Salawat of Allah-azwj be upon the entirety of the Messengers-as and the Prophets-as until Allah-azwj is Pleased’’.
21- لي، الأمالي للصدوق بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَامَ الْحَسَنُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ خَطِيباً فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ رُفِعَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ وَ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ قُتِلَ يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ الْخَبَرَ
‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – By his chain, from Habeeb Bin Amro who said,
‘When Amir Al-Momineen-asws passed away, Al-Husayn-asws stood to address and he-asws said: ‘O people! In this night, Isa-as Bin Maryam-as was Raised, and in this night Yoshua-as Bin Noun-as was killed’ – the Hadeeth’.[20]
22- د، العدد القوية فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ رُفِعَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ فِيهَا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ قُبِضَ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ فِي مِثْلِهَا قُبِضَ وَصِيُّهُ يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ
‘Al Adad Al Qawiya’ – ‘During the night of twenty-first of Ramazan Isa Bin Maryam-as was raised, and during it, from Ramazan, Musa Bin Imran-as passed away, and in similar to it his-as successor Yoshua Bin Noun-as was Recalled (died)’.[21]
باب 13 تمام قصة بلعم بن باعور و قد مضى بعضها في الباب السابق
CHAPTER 13 – COMPLETE STORY OF BAL’AM BIN BAOUR, AND PART OF IT HAS PASSED IN THE PREVIOUS CHAPTER
الآيات الأعراف وَ اتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبَأَ الَّذِي آتَيْناهُ آياتِنا فَانْسَلَخَ مِنْها فَأَتْبَعَهُ الشَّيْطانُ فَكانَ مِنَ الْغاوِينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al A’raaf: And recite to them the one We Gave Our Signs to, but he detached from it and he followed the satan, so he was from the deviators [7:175]
And had We so Desired, We would have Raised him with these, but he adhered to the ground and followed his whims. So his example is like the dog, if you attack upon him he lolls out his tongue, or if you leave him, he lolls out his tongue. That is an example of the people who belied Our Signs, therefore relate the story, perhaps they would be pondering [7:176].
1- فس، تفسير القمي وَ اتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبَأَ الَّذِي آتَيْناهُ آياتِنا فَانْسَلَخَ مِنْها فَأَتْبَعَهُ الشَّيْطانُ فَكانَ مِنَ الْغاوِينَ فَإِنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي بَلْعَمَ بْنِ بَاعُورَاءَ وَ كَانَ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – And recite to them the one We Gave Our Signs to, but he detached from it and he followed the satan, so he was from the deviators [7:175] – It was Revealed regarding Bal’am Bin Baour, and he was from the children of Israel.
وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ أُعْطِيَ بَلْعَمُ بْنُ بَاعُورَاءَ الِاسْمَ الْأَعْظَمَ وَ كَانَ يَدْعُو بِهِ فيستجيب [فَيُسْتَجَابُ] لَهُ فَمَالَ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ فَلَمَّا مَرَّ فِرْعَوْنُ فِي طَلَبِ مُوسَى وَ أَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ لِبَلْعَمَ ادْعُ اللَّهَ عَلَى مُوسَى وَ أَصْحَابِهِ لِيَحْبِسَهُ عَلَيْنَا
And it is narrated to me by my father from Al-Husayn Bin Khalid, from Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws: ‘Bal’am Bin Bour was Given the Magnificent Name, and he used to supplicate by it, so it was Answered for him. He inclined toward Pharaoh-la (one of the latter Pharaohs). When Pharaoh-la went in search of Musa-as and his companions, Pharaoh-la said to Bal’am, ‘Supplicate to Allah-azwj against Musa-as and his companion, to Withhold him from us!’
فَرَكِبَ حِمَارَتَهُ لِيَمُرَّ فِي طَلَبِ مُوسَى فَامْتَنَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ حِمَارَتُهُ فَأَقْبَلَ يَضْرِبُهَا فَأَنْطَقَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَالَتْ وَيْلَكَ عَلَى مَا ذَا تَضْرِبُنِي أَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ أَجِيءَ مَعَكَ لِتَدْعُوَ عَلَى نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ وَ قَوْمٍ مُؤْمِنِينَ
He rode his donkey to go in search of Musa-as, but his donkey prevented him, so he went on to strike it. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Caused it to talk. It said, ‘Woe be to you! What did you strike me upon? Do you want me to come with you to supplicate against a Prophet-as of Allah-azwj and a group of believers?’
فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَضْرِبُهَا حَتَّى قَتَلَهَا وَ انْسَلَخَ الِاسْمُ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ فَانْسَلَخَ مِنْها فَأَتْبَعَهُ الشَّيْطانُ فَكانَ مِنَ الْغاوِينَ وَ لَوْ شِئْنا لَرَفَعْناهُ بِها وَ لكِنَّهُ أَخْلَدَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ وَ اتَّبَعَ هَواهُ فَمَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ الْكَلْبِ إِنْ تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْهِ يَلْهَثْ أَوْ تَتْرُكْهُ يَلْهَثْ وَ هُوَ مَثَلٌ ضَرَبَهُ
He did not cease beating it until he killed it, and the Name was detached from his tongue, and it is His Word: but he detached from it and he followed the satan, so he was from the deviators [7:175] And had We so Desired, We would have Raised him with these, but he adhered to the ground and followed his whims. So his example is like the dog, if you attack upon him he lolls out his tongue, or if you leave him, he lolls out his tongue. [7:176]. – and it is an example of his beating (the donkey)’.
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَلَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مِنَ الْبَهَائِمِ إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةٌ حِمَارَةُ بَلْعَمَ وَ كَلْبُ أَصْحَابِ الْكَهْفِ وَ الذِّئْبُ وَ كَانَ سَبَبُ الذِّئْبِ أَنَّهُ بَعَثَ مَلِكٌ ظَالِمٌ رَجُلًا شُرْطِيّاً لِيَحْشُرَ قَوْماً مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ يُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ كَانَ لِلشُّرْطِيِّ ابْنٌ يُحِبُّهُ فَجَاءَ ذِئْبٌ فَأَكَلَ ابْنَهُ فَحَزِنَ الشُّرْطِيُّ عَلَيْهِ فَأَدْخَلَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ الذِّئْبَ الْجَنَّةَ لِمَا أَحْزَنَ الشُّرْطِيَ
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘None from the beasts will enter the Paradise except three – the donkey of Bal’am, and the dog of companions of the cave, and the wolf, and the reason for the wolf is that there was an oppressive king who sent a police officer to gather a group of believers and punish them, and there was a son for the police officer he loved. A wolf came and devoured his son, so the police officer grieved upon him. Allah-azwj will Admit that wolf into Paradise due to having grieved the police officer’.[22]
2- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ وَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَيَابَةَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: فُتِحَتْ مَدَائِنُ الشَّامِ عَلَى يُوشَعَ بْنِ نُونٍ فَفَتَحَهَا مَدِينَةً مَدِينَةً حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى الْبَلْقَاءِ فَلَقُوا فِيهَا رَجُلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ بَالِقٌ فَجَعَلُوا يَخْرُجُونَ يُقَاتِلُونَهُ لَا يُقْتَلُ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad and Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Isa, from Al Bazanty, from Abdul Rahman Bin Sayaba, from Muawiya Bin Ammar raising it, said,
‘The cities of Syria were conquered by Yoshua Bin Noun-as. He-as conquered these, city by city until he-as ended to Al Balqa’a. There, they ment a man called Baliq (governor). They went on coming out to fight him-as. No man from them was killed.
فَسَأَلَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقِيلَ إِنَّ فِيهِمُ امْرَأَةً عِنْدَهَا عِلْمٌ
He-as asked about that. It was said, ‘There is a woman among tham having knowledge with her!’
ثُمَّ سَأَلُوا يُوشَعَ الصُّلْحَ ثُمَّ انْتَهَى إِلَى مَدِينَةٍ أُخْرَى فَحَصَرَهَا وَ أَرْسَلَ صَاحِبُ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى بَلْعَمَ وَ دَعَاهُ فَرَكِبَ حِمَارَهُ إِلَى الْمَلِكِ فَعَثَرَ حِمَارُهُ تَحْتَهُ فَقَالَ لِمَ عَثَرْتَ
Then they asked Yoshua-as for the reconciliation. Then he-as ended up in another city. He-as besieged it and the governor of the city sent for Bal’am and summoned him. He rode his donkey to the king. His donkey stumbled beneath him. He said, ‘Why did you stumble?’
فَكَلَّمَهُ اللَّهُ لِمَ لَا أَعْثُرُ وَ هَذَا جَبْرَئِيلُ بِيَدِهِ حَرْبَةٌ يَنْهَاكَ عَنْهُمْ وَ كَانَ عِنْدَهُمْ أَنَّ بَلْعَمَ أُوتِيَ الِاسْمَ الْأَعْظَمَ
Allah-azwj Caused it to talk: ‘Whey should I not stumble and this here is Jibraeel-as having a bayonet in his-as hand preventing you from them’, and in their view was Bal’am having been Given the Magnificent Name!’
فَقَالَ الْمَلِكُ ادْعُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ هُوَ الْمُنَافِقُ الَّذِي رُوِيَ أَنَّ قَوْلَهُ تَعَالَى وَ اتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبَأَ الَّذِي آتَيْناهُ آياتِنا فَانْسَلَخَ مِنْها نَزَلَ فِيهِ
The king (governor) said, ‘Supplicate against them’, and he was the hypocrite who is reported in Words of the Exalted: And recite to them the one We Gave Our Signs to, but he detached from it [7:175] was Revealed regarding it.
فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِ الْمَدِينَةِ لَيْسَ لِلدُّعَاءِ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلٌ وَ لَكِنْ أُشِيرُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تُزَيِّنَ النِّسَاءَ وَ تَأْمُرَهُنَّ أَنْ يَأْتِينَ عَسْكَرَهُمْ فَيَتَعَرَّضْنَ لِلرِّجَالِ فَإِنَّ الزِّنَا لَمْ يَظْهَرْ فِي قَوْمٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَوْتَ
He said to the governor of the city, ‘There is no way for the supplicating against them, but I indicate to you that you should adorn the women and order them to go to their soldiers and present themselves to the men, for the adultery does not appear among a people at all except Allah-azwj Sends the death upon them!’
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ النِّسَاءُ الْعَسْكَرَ وَقَعَ الرِّجَالُ بِالنِّسَاءِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى يُوشَعَ إِنْ شِئْتَ سَلَّطْتُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَدُوَّ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَهْلَكْتُهُمْ بِالسِّنِينَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ بِمَوْتٍ حَثِيثٍ عَجْلَانَ
When the women entered the army, the men slept witih the women. Allah-azwj Revealex to Yoshua: “If you like, I can Cause the enemy to prevail upon them, and if you like, I can Destroy them with the years (of drought), and if you like with the swift sudden death!”
فَقَالَ هُمْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ لَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يُسَلِّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ عَدُوَّهُمْ وَ لَا يُهْلِكَهُمْ بِالسِّنِينَ وَ لَكِنْ بِمَوْتٍ حَثِيثٍ عَجْلَانَ
He said: ‘They are the children of Israel! I do not like for Allah to Cause their enemies to prevail upon them, nor for them to be destroyed with the years of famine, but with the swift sudden death’.
قَالَ فَمَاتَ فِي ثَلَاثِ سَاعَاتٍ مِنَ النَّهَارِ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفاً بِالطَّاعُونِ
He (the narrator) said: ‘In three hours of the day seventy thousand died with the plague’’.[23]
3- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ اللَّبَّانِ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَ تَدْرِي مَا مَثَلُ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ
From Suleyman Al Laban who said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Do you know what is an example of Al-Mugheira Bin Saeed?’
قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ مَثَلُهُ مَثَلُ بَلْعَمَ الَّذِي أُوتِيَ الِاسْمَ الْأَعْظَمَ الَّذِي قَالَ اللَّهُ آتَيْناهُ آياتِنا فَانْسَلَخَ مِنْها فَأَتْبَعَهُ الشَّيْطانُ فَكانَ مِنَ الْغاوِينَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘His example is an example of Bal’am who was Given the Magnificent Name, which Allah-azwj Said: the one We Gave Our Signs to, but he detached from it and he followed the satan, so he was from the deviators [7:175]’’.[24]
Note –
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ الْأَصْلُ فِي ذَلِكَ بَلْعَمُ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَهُ اللَّهُ مَثَلًا لِكُلِّ مُؤْثِرٍ هَوَاهُ عَلَى هُدَى اللَّهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقِبْلَةِ
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘The original in that (example) is Bal’am, then Allah-azwj Struck him as an example for every one from the people Qiblah who prefers his own desires over Guidance of Allah-azwj’.
CHAPTER 14 – STORY OF HIZKEEL-as
الآيات البقرة أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيارِهِمْ وَ هُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ فَقالَ لَهُمُ اللَّهُ مُوتُوا ثُمَّ أَحْياهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَ لكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لا يَشْكُرُونَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Baqarah: Have you not seen those who exited from their homes fearing death, and they were thousands, so Allah Said to them: “Die!” Then He Revived them; surely Allah is Gracious upon the people, but most of the people are not grateful [2:243]
1- فس، تفسير القمي أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيارِهِمْ الْآيَةَ فَإِنَّهُ وَقَعَ الطَّاعُونُ بِالشَّامِ فِي بَعْضِ الْكُوَرِ فَخَرَجَ مِنْهُمْ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هَرَباً مِنَ الطَّاعُونِ فَصَارُوا إِلَى مَفَازَةٍ فَمَاتُوا فِي لَيْلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ كُلُّهُمْ فَبَقُوا حَتَّى كَانَتْ عِظَامُهُمْ يَمُرُّ بِهَا الْمَارُّ فَيُنَحِّيهَا بِرِجْلِهِ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ ثُمَّ أَحْيَاهُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَدَّهُمْ إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِمْ فَبَقُوا دَهْراً طَوِيلًا ثُمَّ مَاتُوا وَ تَدَافَنُوا
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – Have you not seen those who exited from their homes [2:243] – the Verse. The plague occurred at Syria in one of the regions. A lot of people from them went out, just as Allah-azwj the Exalted has Narrated, fleeing from the plague. They came to a wilderness. All of them died until they became bones. The passer by would pass by these and move these aside from the path with his legs. Then Allah-azwj Revived them and Returned them to their dwelling. They remained for a long time, then died and were buried’. (opinion)[25]
2- خص، منتخب البصائر سَعْدٌ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ الْقَمَّاطِ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ شَيْءٌ لَا يَكُونُ هَاهُنَا مِثْلُهُ فَقَالَ لَا فَقُلْتُ فَحَدِّثْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيارِهِمْ وَ هُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ فَقالَ لَهُمُ اللَّهُ مُوتُوا ثُمَّ أَحْياهُمْ
‘Muntakhab Al Basaair’ – Sa’ad, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Abu Khalid al Qamat, from Humran Ibn Ayn,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said) ‘I said, ‘Was there in the Children of Israel anything there does not happen to be its like over here?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘Narrate to me about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Have you not seen those who exited from their homes fearing death, and they were thousands, so Allah Said to them: “Die!” Then He Revived them; [2:243].
فَهَلْ أَحْيَاهُمْ حَتَّى نَظَرَ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُمْ مِنْ يَوْمِهِمْ أَوْ رَدَّهُمْ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا فَقَالَ بَلْ رَدَّهُمْ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى سَكَنُوا الدُّورَ وَ أَكَلُوا الطَّعَامَ وَ نَكَحُوا النِّسَاءَ وَ لَبِثُوا بِذَلِكَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ مَاتُوا بِالْآجَالِ
(I said), ‘Did He-azwj Revive them until the people looked at them, then Caused them to die from their very day, or Return them to the world?’ He-asws said: ‘But, Returned them to the world until they settled in the houses, and ate the food, and married the women, and remained with them for as long as Allah-azwj Desired, then they died by the terms’’.[26]
3- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلَ عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى مَوْلَى بَنِي سَامٍ الصَّادِقَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ حَدِيثٌ يَرْوِيهِ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ وَ مَا هُوَ قَالَ يَرْوُونَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْحَى إِلَى حِزْقِيلَ النَّبِيِّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنْ أَخْبِرْ فُلَانَ الْمَلِكِ أَنِّي مُتَوَفِّيكَ يَوْمَ كَذَا فَأَتَى حِزْقِيلُ الْمَلِكَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim who said,
‘Abdul Al-A’ala, a slave of the family of Saam, asked Al-Sadiq-asws and I was in his-asws presence, ‘The people are reporting a Hadeeth’. He-asws said: ‘And what is it?’ He said, ‘They are reporting that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to the Prophet Hizkeel-as: “Inform so and so king that I-azwj shall Cause him to die on such and such a day!” Hizkeel-as came to the king and informed him of that.
قَالَ فَدَعَا اللَّهَ وَ هُوَ عَلَى سَرِيرِهِ حَتَّى سَقَطَ مَا بَيْنَ الْحَائِطِ وَ السَّرِيرِ وَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ أَخِّرْنِي حَتَّى يَشِبَّ طِفْلِي وَ أَقْضِيَ أَمْرِي فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ النَّبِيِّ أَنِ ائْتِ فُلَاناً وَ قُلْ إِنِّي أَنْسَأْتُ فِي عُمُرِهِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ يَا رَبِّ بِعِزَّتِكَ إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَكْذِبْ كَذِبَةً قَطُّ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّمَا أَنْتَ عَبْدٌ مَأْمُورٌ فَأَبْلِغْهُ
He-asws said: ‘He supplicated to Allah-azwj while he was upon his throne until what is between the wall and the throne fell down, and he said, ‘O Lord-azwj! Delay me until my children grow up and I accomplish my matters’. Allah-azwj Revealed to that Prophet-as: “Go to so and so and say that I-azwj have Extended his life-span by fifteen years!” The Prophet-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! By Your-azwj Honour! You-azwj Know that I-as do not lie at all!’ Allah-azwj Revealed to him: “But rather you-as are a Commanded servant, so Deliver it![27]
4- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْهُمَا عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيارِهِمْ وَ هُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ فَقالَ لَهُمُ اللَّهُ مُوتُوا ثُمَّ أَحْياهُمْ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Umar Bin Yazeed,
‘From both of them (5th & 6th Imam-asws) regarding the Words of the Exalted: Have you not seen those who exited from their homes fearing death, and they were thousands, so Allah Said to them: “Die!” Then He Revived them; [2:243].
قَالَ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةٍ مِنْ مَدَائِنِ الشَّامِ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ كَانُوا سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ بَيْتٍ وَ كَانَ الطَّاعُونُ يَقَعُ فِيهِمْ فِي كُلِّ أَوَانٍ فَكَانُوا إِذَا أَحَسُّوا بِهِ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ الْأَغْنِيَاءُ وَ بَقِيَ فِيهَا الْفُقَرَاءُ لِضَعْفِهِمْ
He-asws said: ‘These were city folk from the cities of Syria, and there were seventy thousand households, and plague used to occur among them every time. Whenever they sensed it, the rich ones would exit the city, and the poor would remain due to their (financial) weakness.
فَكَانَ الْمَوْتُ يَكْثُرُ فِي الَّذِينَ أَقَامُوا وَ يَقِلُّ فِي الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا فَصَارُوا رَمِيماً عِظَاماً فَمَرَّ بِهِمْ نَبِيٌّ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ يُقَالُ لَهُ حِزْقِيلُ فَرَآهُمْ وَ بَكَى وَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ لَوْ شِئْتَ أَحْيَيْتَهُمُ السَّاعَةَ فَأَحْيَاهُمُ اللَّهُ
The death was frequent among those who stayed behind, and was scarce among those who had gone out, and they (poor) became decayed bones. A Prophet-as from the Prophets-as called Hizkeel-as passed by them. He-as saw them and cried, and said: ‘O Lord-azwj! If You-azwj Like You-azwj could Revive them this moment’. Allah-azwj Revived them’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّهُ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ أَنْ رُشَّ الْمَاءَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَفَعَلَ فَأَحْيَاهُمْ
And in a report – ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to him-as: “Sprinkle the water upon them!” He-as did so, and they were revived’’.[28]
5- سن، المحاسن بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ رَجُلٍ سُمِّيَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: لَمَّا خَرَجَ مَلِكُ الْقِبْطِ يُرِيدُ هَدْمَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ إِلَى حِزْقِيلَ النَّبِيِّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَشَكَوْا ذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَعَلِّي أُنَاجِي رَبِّي اللَّيْلَةَ فَلَمَّا جَنَّهُ اللَّيْلُ نَاجَى رَبَّهُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنِّي قَدْ كَفَيْتُكَهُمْ
‘Al Mahsin’ – One of our companions, from a named man, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When the Coptic king went out intending to demolish Bayt al Maqdas, the people gathered to Hizkeel-as and complained of that to him-as. He-as said: ‘Perhaps I-as shall whisper to my-as Lord-azwj tonight’. When the night shielded him-as, he-as whispered to his-as Lord-azwj. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “I-saww shall be Sufficing them!”
وَ كَانُوا قَدْ مَضَوْا فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مَلَكِ الْهَوَاءِ أَنْ أَمْسِكْ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْفَاسَهُمْ فَمَاتُوا كُلُّهُمْ فَأَصْبَحَ حِزْقِيلُ النَّبِيُّ وَ أَخْبَرَ قَوْمَهُ بِذَلِكَ فَخَرَجُوا فَوَجَدُوهُمْ قَدْ مَاتُوا وَ دَخَلَ حِزْقِيلَ النَّبِيَّ الْعُجْبُ فَقَالَ فِي نَفْسِهِ مَا فَضْلُ سُلَيْمَانَ النَّبِيِّ عَلَيَّ وَ قَدْ أُعْطِيتُ مِثْلَ هَذَا
And they (king’s army) had gone, so Allah-azwj Revealed to an Angel of the air: “Withhold their breaths upon them!” All of them died, and in the morning, the Prophet Hizkeel-as woke up and informed his-as people with that. They went out and found them to have died, and the self-conceitedness entered into the Prophet Hizkeel-as, and he-as said within himself-as: ‘Even the Prophet Suleyman-as has not superiority over me-as, and I-as have been Given the like of this?’
قَالَ فَخَرَجَتْ قَرْحَةٌ عَلَى كَبِدِهِ فَآذَتْهُ فَخَشَعَ لِلَّهِ وَ تَذَلَّلَ وَ قَعَدَ عَلَى الرَّمَادِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ خُذْ لَبَنَ التِّينِ فَحُكَّهُ عَلَى صَدْرِكَ مِنْ خَارِجٍ فَفَعَلَ فَسَكَنَ عَنْهُ ذَلِكَ
He-asws said: ‘A sore came out upon his-as liver and hurt him-as. He-as feared Allah-azwj and humbled, and sat upon the ash. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “Take some milk and rub it upon your-as chest from outside”. He-as did so, and that settled from him-as’’.[29]
6- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ بَعْضِهِمْ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ بَعْضِهِمْ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيارِهِمْ وَ هُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ فَقالَ لَهُمُ اللَّهُ مُوتُوا ثُمَّ أَحْياهُمْ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةٍ مِنْ مَدَائِنِ الشَّامِ وَ كَانُوا سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ بَيْتٍ وَ كَانَ الطَّاعُونُ يَقَعُ فِيهِمْ فِي كُلِّ أَوَانٍ فَكَانُوا إِذَا أَحَسُّوا بِهِ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ الْأَغْنِيَاءُ لِقُوَّتِهِمْ وَ بَقِيَ فِيهَا الْفُقَرَاءُ لِضَعْفِهِمْ
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyar, from Ibn Mahboub, from Umar Bin Yazeed, from one of them,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, and one of them from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Have you not seen those who exited from their homes fearing death, and they were thousands, so Allah Said to them: “Die!” Then He Revived them [2:243]. These were city folk from the cities of Syria, and there were seventy thousand households, and plague used to occur among them every time. So, whenever they sensed it, the rich ones would exit the city due to their (financial) strength and the poor would remain due to their (financial) weakness.
فَكَانَ الْمَوْتُ يَكْثُرُ فِي الَّذِينَ أَقَامُوا وَ يَقِلُّ فِي الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا فَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا لَوْ كُنَّا أَقَمْنَا لَكَثُرَ فِينَا الْمَوْتُ وَ يَقُولُ الَّذِينَ أَقَامُوا لَوْ كُنَّا خَرَجْنَا لَقَلَّ فِينَا الْمَوْتُ
The death occurred mostly among those who would remain and less among those who went out. So those who left said, ‘Had we been of those who remained, death would have been frequent among us’. And those who remained said, ‘Had we been of those who went out, death would have been less among us’.
قَالَ فَاجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ جَمِيعاً عَلَى أَنَّهُ إِذَا وَقَعَ الطَّاعُونُ وَ أَحَسُّوا بِهِ خَرَجُوا كُلُّهُمْ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمَّا أَحَسُّوا بِالطَّاعُونِ خَرَجُوا جَمِيعاً وَ تَنَحَّوْا عَنِ الطَّاعُونِ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ
He-asws said: ‘So they formed a consensus of their opinions that whenever they would sense the plague occurring among them, all of them would go out from the city. When they sensed the plague affecting them, all of them went out and took precaution against the death.
فَصَارُوا فِي الْبِلَادِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ مَرُّوا بِمَدِينَةٍ خَرِبَةٍ قَدْ جَلَا أَهْلُهَا عَنْهَا وَ أَفْنَاهُمُ الطَّاعُونُ فَنَزَلُوا بِهَا فَلَمَّا حَطُّوا رِحَالَهُمْ وَ اطْمَأَنُّوا قَالَ لَهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مُوتُوا جَمِيعاً فَمَاتُوا مِنْ سَاعَتِهِمْ وَ صَارُوا رَمِيماً يَلُوحُ وَ كَانُوا عَلَى طَرِيقِ الْمَارَّةِ فَكَنَسَتْهُمُ الْمَارَّةُ فَنَحَّوْهُمْ وَ جَمَعُوهُمْ فِي مَوْضِعٍ
They travelled in the countryside for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired. Then they passed by a city which was in ruins and its inhabitants had all left, being destroyed by the plague. They encamped there, and settled their belongings being reassured by it. Allah-azwj Said to them: “All of you die!” They all died at that instant and became decayed. The passers-by passed by and collected their ashes (remains) and gathered them in one place.
فَمَرَّ بِهِمْ نَبِيٌّ مِنْ أَنْبِيَاءِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يُقَالُ لَهُ حِزْقِيلُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى تِلْكَ الْعِظَامَ بَكَى وَ اسْتَعْبَرَ وَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ لَوْ شِئْتَ لَأَحْيَيْتَهُمُ السَّاعَةَ كَمَا أَمَتَّهُمْ فَعَمَرُوا بِلَادَكَ وَ وَلَدُوا عِبَادَكَ وَ عَبَدُوكَ مَعَ مَنْ يَعْبُدُكَ مِنْ خَلْقِكَ
A Prophet-as from the Prophets-as of the Children of Israel passed by them, whose-as name was Hizkeel-as. When he-as saw those bones, he-as wept and reflected upon it and said: ‘O Lord-azwj! If You-azwj so Wish, You-azwj can Revive them instantly, just as You-azwj Caused them to die, so they would then inhabit Your-azwj Country, and bear Your-azwj servants who would worship You-azwj along with those from Your-azwj creatures who worship You-azwj’.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَ فَتُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا رَبِّ فَأَحْيِهِمْ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قُلْ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَقَالَ الَّذِي أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَقُولَهُ
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed unto him-as: “Is that what you-as would like to happen?’ He-as said: ‘Yes, O Lord-azwj! Revive them”. Allah-azwj Revealed unto him-as; “Say such and such”. He-as said that which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Commanded him-as to say’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ هُوَ الِاسْمُ الْأَعْظَمُ فَلَمَّا قَالَ حِزْقِيلُ ذَلِكَ الْكَلَامَ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْعِظَامِ يَطِيرُ بَعْضُهَا إِلَى بَعْضٍ فَعَادُوا أَحْيَاءً يَنْظُرُ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ يُسَبِّحُونَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ وَ يُكَبِّرُونَهُ وَ يُهَلِّلُونَهُ فَقَالَ حِزْقِيلُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And it was the Great Name (Al-Ism Al-Aazam). When Hizkeel-as said that Word, he-as saw the bones flying towards each other. So they came back alive. Some of them looked at the others Glorifying Allah-azwj and Exclaiming His-azwj Greatness and Extolling His-azwj Holiness. Hizkeel-as said during that: ‘I-as hereby testify that Allah-azwj has Power over all things’.
قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِيهِمْ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ
Umar Bin Yazeed (the narrator) said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘This Verse was Revealed regarding them’’.[30]
7- أَقُولُ رَوَى الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ فَهْدٍ فِي الْمُهَذَّبِ وَ غَيْرُهُ بِأَسَانِيدِهِمْ عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: يَوْمُ النَّيْرُوزِ هُوَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي أَحْيَا اللَّهُ فِيهِ الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيارِهِمْ وَ هُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ فَقالَ لَهُمُ اللَّهُ مُوتُوا ثُمَّ أَحْياهُمْ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ نَبِيّاً مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ أَنْ يُحْيِيَ الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيارِهِمْ وَ هُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ فَأَمَاتَهُمُ اللَّهُ
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by the sheykh Ahmad Bin Fahad in (the book) ‘Al Mahzab’, and others with their chains from Al Moala Bin Khunays,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The day of Al-Neyrouz, it is the day in which Allah-azwj Revived those who had gone out from their houses, and they were thousands cautious of death. Allah-azwj Said to them: “Die!” Then He-azwj Revived them, and that is because a Prophet-as from the Prophets-as asked his-as Lord-azwj to Revive the people, those who had gone out from their houses, and they were thousands cautious of the death.
فَأَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ أَنْ صُبَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَاءَ فِي مَضَاجِعِهِمْ فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَاءَ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ فَعَاشُوا وَ هُمْ ثَلَاثُونَ أَلْفاً فَصَارَ صَبُّ الْمَاءِ فِي يَوْمِ النَّيْرُوزِ سُنَّةً مَاضِيَةً لَا يَعْرِفُ سَبَبَهَا إِلَّا الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ
He-azwj Revealed to him-as: “Pour the water upon them in their places of death!” He-as poured the water upon them during this day, and they lived, and they were thirty thousand. Thus, the pouring of the water became a Sunnah in the past during the day of Neyrouz, none recognise its cause except those who are firmly rooted in knowledge [3:7]’’.[31]
8- ج، الإحتجاج يد، التوحيد ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيِّ فِيمَا احْتَجَّ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى أَرْبَابِ الْمِلَلِ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِلْجَاثَلِيقِ فَإِنَّ الْيَسَعَ صَنَعَ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعَ عِيسَى فَلَمْ يَتَّخِذْهُ أُمَّتُهُ رَبّاً وَ لَقَدْ صَنَعَ حِزْقِيلُ النَّبِيُّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَأَحْيَا خَمْسَةً وَ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفَ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَوْتِهِمْ بِسِتِّينَ سَنَةً
‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – From Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad al Nowfaly,
‘Among what Al-Reza-asws argue against the lords (priests) of the religions, he-asws said to the Catholics: ‘Al-Yas’a-as did the like of what Isa-as did, but his-as community did not take him-as as Lord-azwj, and the Prophet Hizkeel-as did the like of what Isa-as Bin Maryam-as did and revived thirty thousand men from after their death by sixty years.
ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى رَأْسِ الْجَالُوتِ فَقَالَ أَ تَجِدُ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي شَبَابِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ اخْتَارَهُمْ بُخْتَنَصَّرُ مِنْ سَبْيِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ حِينَ غَزَا بَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ بِهِمْ إِلَى بَابِلَ فَأَرْسَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِمْ فَأَحْيَاهُمْ
Then he-asws turned towards Ra’s Al-Jalout and said: ‘Do you find them among the youths of the Children of Israel in the Torah? Bakht Nasr chose from the captives of the Children of Israel when he attacked Bayt al Maqdas, then went with them to Babel. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent him-as to them to revive them’.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّصْرَانِيِ فَقَالَ يَا نَصْرَانِيُّ أَ فَهَؤُلَاءِ كَانُوا قَبْلَ عِيسَى أَمْ عِيسَى كَانَ قَبْلَهُمْ قَالَ بَلْ كَانُوا قَبْلَهُ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَمَتَى اتَّخَذْتُمْ عِيسَى رَبّاً جَازَ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَسَعَ وَ حِزْقِيلَ لِأَنَّهُمَا قَدْ صَنَعَا مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعَ عِيسَى مِنْ إِحْيَاءِ الْمَوْتَى وَ غَيْرِهِ
Then he-asws turned to face the Christian and said: ‘O Christian! Were they before Isa-as or was Isa-as before them?’ He said, ‘But, they were before him-as’. He-asws said: ‘When you all took Isa-as as Lord-azwj, then for you is that you should be taking Al-Yas’a-as and Hizkeel-as (as Lords) because they-as had both done like what Isa-as had done, from reviving the death and other such.
إِنَّ قَوْماً مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ هَرَبُوا مِنْ بِلَادِهِمْ مِنَ الطَّاعُونِ وَ هُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ فَأَمَاتَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي سَاعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَعَمَدَ أَهْلُ تِلْكَ الْقَرْيَةِ فَحَظَرُوا عَلَيْهِمْ حَظِيرَةً فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا فِيهَا حَتَّى نَخِرَتْ عِظَامُهُمْ وَ صَارُوا رَمِيماً
People from the Children of Israel fled from their cities from the plague, and they were thousands cautious of death. Allah-azwj Caused them to die in one moment. The people of that town deliberated and fenced a fence around them, and they did not cease to be in it until their bones decayed and they became dust.
فَمَرَّ بِهِمْ نَبِيٌّ مِنْ أَنْبِيَاءِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَتَعَجَّبَ مِنْهُمْ وَ مِنْ كَثْرَةِ الْعِظَامِ الْبَالِيَةِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ أَ تُحِبُّ أَنْ أُحْيِيَهُمْ لَكَ فَتُنْذِرَهُمْ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا رَبِّ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ نَادِهِمْ فَقَالَ أَيَّتُهَا الْعِظَامُ الْبَالِيَةُ قُومِي بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَامُوا أَحْيَاءً أَجْمَعُونَ يَنْفُضُونَ التُّرَابَ عَنْ رُءُوسِهِمْ
Then, a Prophet-as from the Prophets-as of the Children of Israel passed by them and was astonished from them and from the huge number of decayed bones. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to him-as: “Would you-as like it if I-azwj were to Revive them for you-as, so you-as can warn them?” He-as said: ‘Yes, O Lord-azwj!’ Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “Call out to them!” He-as said: ‘O you decayed bones! Arise by the Permission of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic!’ They all stood up alive, shaking the soil from their heads’’.[32]
9- ج، الإحتجاج فِي حَدِيثِ الزِّنْدِيقِ الَّذِي سَأَلَ الصَّادِقَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ مَسَائِلَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَحْيَا اللَّهُ قَوْماً خَرَجُوا عَنْ أَوْطَانِهِمْ هَارِبِينَ مِنَ الطَّاعُونِ لَا يُحْصَى عَدَدُهُمْ فَأَمَاتَهُمُ اللَّهُ دَهْراً طَوِيلًا حَتَّى بَلِيَتْ عِظَامُهُمْ وَ تَقَطَّعَتْ أَوْصَالُهُمْ وَ صَارُوا تُرَاباً
‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – In a Hadeeth of the atheist who asked Al-Sadiq-asws about issues, he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Revived a people who had gone out from their homeland, fleeing from the plague, their numbers could not be counted. Allah-azwj Caused them to die for a long duration until their bones decayed and their joints were broken and they became dust.
فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ فِي وَقْتٍ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُرِيَ خَلْقَهُ قُدْرَتَهُ نَبِيّاً يُقَالُ لَهُ حِزْقِيلُ فَدَعَاهُمْ فَاجْتَمَعَتْ أَبْدَانُهُمْ وَ رَجَعَتْ فِيهَا أَرْوَاحُهُمْ وَ قَامُوا كَهَيْئَةِ يَوْمَ مَاتُوا لَا يَفْقِدُونَ مِنْ أَعْدَادِهِمْ رَجُلًا فَعَاشُوا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ دَهْراً طَوِيلًا
Allah-azwj Sent a Prophet-as called Hizkeel-as in one time so that he-as could show His-azwj creatures His-azwj Power. He-as called them and gather their bodies, and their souls returned to them and they stood like they had been on the day they had died, not missing a single man from their numbers. They lived after that for a long duration’’.[33]
باب 15 قصص إسماعيل الذي سماه الله صادق الوعد و بيان أنه غير إسماعيل بن إبراهيم
CHAPTER 15 – STORY OF ISMAIL-as WHOM ALLAH-azwj NAMED AS ‘THE TRUTHFUL OF PROMISE’, AND EXPLANATION THAT HE IS OTHER THAN ISMAIL BIN IBRAHIM-as
قال الله تعالى في سورة مريم وَ اذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتابِ إِسْماعِيلَ إِنَّهُ كانَ صادِقَ الْوَعْدِ وَ كانَ رَسُولًا نَبِيًّا
Allah-azwj the Exalted said in Surah Maryam-as: And mention Ismail in the Book. He was truthful of the promise, and he was a Rasool, a Prophet [19:54]
وَ كانَ يَأْمُرُ أَهْلَهُ بِالصَّلاةِ وَ الزَّكاةِ وَ كانَ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِ مَرْضِيًّا
And he enjoined his family with the Salat and the Zakat, and he was well Pleased with in the Presence of his Lord [19:55]
1- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَشْيَمَ عَنِ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: أَ تَدْرِي لِمَ سُمِّيَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ صَادِقَ الْوَعْدِ قُلْتُ لَا أَدْرِي قَالَ وَعَدَ رَجُلًا فَجَلَسَ لَهُ حَوْلًا يَنْتَظِرُهُ
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-as’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Asheym, from Al Ja’fary,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘Do you know why Ismail-as is Named ‘The truthful of promise’?’ I said, ‘I don’t know’. He-asws said: ‘He-as had promised a man, and he-as sat waiting for him for a year’’.[34]
2- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الَّذِي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ اذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتابِ إِسْماعِيلَ إِنَّهُ كانَ صادِقَ الْوَعْدِ وَ كانَ رَسُولًا نَبِيًّا لَمْ يَكُنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بَلْ كَانَ نَبِيّاً مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَأَخَذُوهُ فَسَلَخُوا فَرْوَةَ رَأْسِهِ وَ وَجْهِهِ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn al Waleed, from Al Safar, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr and Muhammad bin Sinan, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Ismail-as whom Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Spoke of in His-azwj Book: And mention Ismail in the Book. He was truthful of the promise, and he was a Rasool, a Prophet [19:54], did not happen to be Ismail-as Bin Ibrahim-as. But he-as was a Prophet-as from the Prophets-as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Sent to his-as people, but they seized him-as and they scraped off the skin of his-as head and face.
فَأَتَاهُ مَلَكٌ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ بَعَثَنِي إِلَيْكَ فَمُرْنِي بِمَا شِئْتَ فَقَالَ لِي أُسْوَةٌ بِمَا يُصْنَعُ بِالْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ
An Angel came to him-as and said: ‘Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty has Sent me to you-as, so instruct me with whatever you-as so desire to’. He-as said: ‘For me-as, is an example with what will be done with Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws’’.[35]
3- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ كَانَ رَسُولًا نَبِيّاً سُلِّطَ عَلَيْهِ قَوْمُهُ فَقَشَرُوا جِلْدَةَ وَجْهِهِ وَ فَرْوَةَ رَأْسِهِ فَأَتَاهُ رَسُولٌ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَبُّكَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ قَدْ رَأَيْتُ مَا صُنِعَ بِكَ وَ قَدْ أَمَرَنِي بِطَاعَتِكَ فَمُرْنِي بِمَا شِئْتَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Yazeed, form Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Amar Bin Marwan, from Sama’at, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘Ismail-as was a Rasool-as, a Prophet-as. His-as people overcame upon him-as, so they scraped off the skin of his face. A Messenger from the Lord-azwj of the worlds came to him-as and said to him-as: ‘Your-as Lord-azwj Conveys the Greetings and is Saying: “You-as have seen what has been done with you-as”, and He-azwj has Commanded me with obeying you-as, therefore instruct me with whatever you-as so desire to’.
فَقَالَ يَكُونُ لِي بِالْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ أُسْوَةٌ
He-as said: ‘There happens to be for me-as an example in Al-Husayn Bin Ali-asws’’.[36]
4- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنِ التَّفْلِيسِيِّ عَنِ السَّمَنْدِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ الصَّدَقَةِ صَدَقَةُ اللِّسَانِ تَحْقُنُ بِهِ الدِّمَاءَ وَ تَدْفَعُ بِهِ الْكَرِيهَةَ وَ تَجُرُّ الْمَنْفَعَةَ إِلَى أَخِيكَ الْمُسْلِمِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from al Kufy, from Al Taflisy, from Al Samandy,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, for his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The most superior of the charities is the charity of the tongue, saving the blood by it, and repel the abhorrence by it and flowing the benefits to your Muslim brother’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ ص إِنَّ عَابِدَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الَّذِي كَانَ أَعْبَدَهُمْ كَانَ يَسْعَى فِي حَوَائِجِ النَّاسِ عِنْدَ الْمَلِكِ وَ إِنَّهُ لَقِيَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ حِزْقِيلَ فَقَالَ لَا تَبْرَحْ حَتَّى أَرْجِعَ إِلَيْكَ يَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ فَسَهَا عَنْهُ عِنْدَ الْمَلِكِ فَبَقِيَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ إِلَى الْحَوْلِ هُنَاكَ
Then he-saww said: ‘A worshipper from the Children of Israel who was their most worshipping one, was striving regarding the needs of the people with the king, and he met Ismail Bin Hizkeel-as. He said, ‘I will not give up until I return to you-as, O Ismail-as! He narrated about him-as with the king, and Ismail-as remained over there up to a year.
فَأَنْبَتَ اللَّهُ لِإِسْمَاعِيلَ عُشْباً فَكَانَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ وَ أَجْرَى لَهُ عَيْناً وَ أَظَلَّهُ بِغَمَامٍ فَخَرَجَ الْمَلِكُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى التَّنَزُّهِ وَ مَعَهُ الْعَابِدُ فَرَأَى إِسْمَاعِيلَ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ لَهَاهُنَا يَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ فَقَالَ لَهُ قُلْتَ لَا تَبْرَحْ فَلَمْ أَبْرَحْ فَسُمِّيَ صَادِقَ الْوَعْدِ
Allah-azwj Caused herbs to grow for Ismail-as and he-as used to eat from it, and Flowed a spring for him-as and Shaded him-as with a cloud. The king came out after that to the picnic and with him was the worshipper. He said Ismail-as and said, ‘You-as are (still) over here O Ismail-as?’ He-as said to him: ‘You said, ‘I will not give up’, so I-as did not give up’. Thus he-as was named as ‘Truthful of promise’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ جَبَّارٌ مَعَ الْمَلِكِ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا الْمَلِكُ كَذَبَ هَذَا الْعَبْدُ قَدْ مَرَرْتُ بِهَذِهِ الْبَرِّيَّةِ فَلَمْ أَرَهُ هَاهُنَا فَقَالَ لَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ إِنْ كُنْتَ كَاذِباً فَنَزَعَ اللَّهُ صَالِحَ مَا أَعْطَاكَ
He-asws said: ‘And there was a tyrant with the king. He said, ‘O King! This servant is lying. I had passed by this wilderness, but I did not see him-as over here?’ Ismail-as said to him: ‘If you are lying, then may Allah-azwj Remove the health what He-azwj has Granted you’.
قَالَ فَتَنَاثَرَتْ أَسْنَانُ الْجَبَّارِ فَقَالَ الْجَبَّارُ إِنِّي كَذَبْتُ عَلَى هَذَا الْعَبْدِ الصَّالِحِ فَأَطْلُبُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ أَسْنَانِي فَإِنِّي شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ فَطَلَبَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَلِكُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَفْعَلُ قَالَ السَّاعَةَ قَالَ لَا وَ أَخَّرَهُ إِلَى السَّحَرِ ثُمَّ دَعَا
He-asws said: ‘The teeth of the tyrant were scattered (fell off), and the tyrant said, ‘I have lied upon this righteous servant, so I seek that he-as should supplicate to Allah-azwj to Return my teeth unto me, for I am an old man’. The king sought to him-as. He-as said: ‘I-as shall do so’. He said, ‘At this moment?’ He-as said: ‘No, and I-as shall delay it to the pre-dawn, then supplicate’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا فَضْلُ إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ مَا دَعَوْتُمُ اللَّهَ بِالْأَسْحَارِ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ بِالْأَسْحارِ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ
Then he-asws said: ‘O Fazl! The best of what your supplications to Allah-azwj are at pre-dawn. Allah-azwj the Exalted Says: And in the early mornings they used to seek Forgiveness [51:18]’’.[37]
5- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعْدَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ الْعَقَرْقُوفِيِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنَّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ وَعَدَ رَجُلًا بِالصِّفَاحِ فَمَكَثَ بِهِ سَنَةً مُقِيماً وَ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ يَطْلُبُونَهُ لَا يَدْرُونَ أَيْنَ هُوَ حَتَّى وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ضَعُفْنَا بَعْدَكَ وَ هَلَكْنَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ فُلَانَ الطَّائِفِيَّ وَعَدَنِي أَنْ أَكُونَ هَاهُنَا وَ لَنْ أَبْرَحَ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By this chain from Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Attar, from Ibn Aban, from Ibn Awrama, from Muhammad bin Sa’dan, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim, from Shuayb Aqarquqy who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Ismail-as, Prophet-as of Allah-azwj promised a man at the (Sacred) Monuments. He-as remained at it, staying for a year, and the people of Makkah were seeking him-as not knowing where he-as was, until a man came to him-as and said, ‘O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj! We weakened after you-as and are destroyed’. He-as said: ‘So and so, the Taify (person of al Taif) promised me-as that I-as should happen to be over here and he will never give up until he comes’.
قَالَ فَخَرَجُوا إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى قَالُوا لَهُ يَا عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ وَعَدْتَ النَّبِيَّ فَأَخْلَفْتَهُ فَجَاءَ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ لِإِسْمَاعِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ مَا ذَكَرْتُ وَ لَقَدْ نَسِيتُ مِيعَادَكَ فَقَالَ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَمْ تَجِئْنِي لَكَانَ مِنْهُ الْمَحْشَرُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَ اذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتابِ إِسْماعِيلَ إِنَّهُ كانَ صادِقَ الْوَعْدِ
He-asws said: ‘They went out to him until they said to him, ‘O enemy of Allah-azwj! You promised the Prophet-as and broke it’. He came and he was saying to Ismail-as, ‘O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj! I did not remember and I had forgotten your-as appointment’. He-as said: ‘But, by Allah-azwj, if you had not come to me-as, it would have (come to) the (plains of) Resurrection from it’. Allah-azwj Revealed: And mention Ismail in the Book. He was truthful of the promise, and he was a Rasool, a Prophet [19:54]’’[38]
6- مل، كامل الزيارات مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الرَّزَّازُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ حَيْثُ يَقُولُ وَ اذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتابِ إِسْماعِيلَ إِنَّهُ كانَ صادِقَ الْوَعْدِ وَ كانَ رَسُولًا نَبِيًّا أَ كَانَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ
‘Kamil Al Ziyaraat’ – Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Razaz, from Ibn Abu Al Khatab and Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Fazal, from Al-Hassan Bin Fazal, from Marwan Bin Muslim, from Bureyd Al Ijaly who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘O son-as of Rasool-Allah-saww! Inform me about Ismail-as whom Allah-azwj has Mentioned in His-azwj Book, where He-azwj is Saying: And mention Ismail in the Book. He was truthful of the promise, and he was a Rasool, a Prophet [19:54], was it Ismail Bin Ibrahim-as, for the people are claiming that he-as is Ismail-as Bin Ibrahim-as?’
فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنَّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ مَاتَ قَبْلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ كَانَ حُجَّةً لِلَّهِ قَائِماً صَاحِبَ شَرِيعَةٍ فَإِلَى مَنْ أُرْسِلَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ إِذَنْ قُلْتُ فَمَنْ كَانَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
He-asws said: ‘Ismail-as passed away before Ibrahim-as, and that Ibrahim-as was the standing Divine Authority of Allah-azwj, the Master of the Law, besides the one to whom Ismail-as was Sent. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Who was he-as?’
قَالَ ذَاكَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ حِزْقِيلَ النَّبِيِّ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَكَذَّبُوهُ وَ قَتَلُوهُ وَ سَلَخُوا وَجْهَهُ فَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ لَهُ فَوَجَّهَ إِلَيْهِ سَطَاطَائِيلَ مَلَكَ الْعَذَابِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ أَنَا سَطَاطَائِيلُ مَلَكُ الْعَذَابِ وَجَّهَنِي رَبُّ الْعِزَّةِ إِلَيْكَ لِأُعَذِّبَ قَوْمَكَ بِأَنْوَاعِ الْعَذَابِ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِي ذَلِكَ يَا سَطَاطَائِيلُ
he-asws said: ‘That was Ismail Bin Hizkeel-as, the Prophet-as Allah-azwj Sent to his-as people. But they belied him-as and murdered him-as scraped (the skin) off his-as face. Thus Allah-azwj was Angered against them, and Directed Satatail, an Angel of Punishment, to him-as. He said to him-as: ‘O Ismail-as! I am Satatail, Angel of Punishment. The Lord-azwj of Might has Directed me to Punish your-as people with whichever type of Punishment you-as like’. Ismail-as said to him: ‘There is no need for myself-as with regards to that, O Satatail’.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فَمَا حَاجَتُكَ يَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ فَقَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّكَ أَخَذْتَ الْمِيثَاقَ لِنَفْسِكَ بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ وَ لِأَوْصِيَائِهِ بِالْوَلَايَةِ وَ أَخْبَرْتَ خَلْقَكَ بِمَا تَفْعَلُ أُمَّتُهُ بِالْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مِنْ بَعْدِ نَبِيِّهَا وَ إِنَّكَ وَعَدْتَ الْحُسَيْنَ أَنْ تَكُرَّهُ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يَنْتَقِمَ بِنَفْسِهِ مِمَّنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ بِهِ
Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “What is your-as need, O Ismail-as?” Ismail-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj have Taken the Covenant for Yourself-azwj for the Lordship, and for Muhammad-saww for the Prophet-hood, and for his-saww successor for the Wilayah, and Informed the best of Your-azwj creatures for what his-saww community would do with Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws after its Prophet-saww, and You-azwj have Promised Al-Husayn-asws that You-azwj will Return him-as to the world, until he-asws avenges by himself-asws from the ones who did that to him-asws.
فَحَاجَتِي إِلَيْكَ يَا رَبِّ أَنْ تَكُرَّنِي إِلَى الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى أَنْتَقِمَ مِمَّنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ بِي مَا فَعَلَ كَمَا تَكُرُّ الْحُسَيْنَ فَوَعَدَ اللَّهُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ حِزْقِيلَ ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ يَكُرُّ مَعَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ
Thus, my-as need to You-azwj – O Lord-azwj! – that You-azwj should Return me-as to the world, until I-as take Revenge from the ones who did that with me-as, just as You-azwj would be Returning Al-Husayn-asws’. Thus, Allah-azwj Promised that to Ismail-as Bin Hizkeel-as, and so he-as will be returning along with Al-Husayn Bin Ali-asws’’.[39]
7- جا، المجالس للمفيد الْجِعَابِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ الَّذِي قَالَ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ اذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتابِ إِسْماعِيلَ إِنَّهُ كانَ صادِقَ الْوَعْدِ وَ كانَ رَسُولًا نَبِيًّا سُلِّطَ عَلَيْهِ قَوْمُهُ فَكَشَطُوا وَجْهَهُ وَ فَرْوَةَ رَأْسِهِ
Al Ja’alby, from Ibn Aqada, from Yahya Bin Zakariya, from Usman Bin Isa, from Ahmad Bin Suleyman and Imran bin Marwan, from Sama’at who said,
‘‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The one about whom Allah-azwj has Spoken of in His-azwj Book: And mention Ismail in the Book. He was truthful of the promise, and he was a Rasool, a Prophet [19:54], his-as people overcame him-as, scraped his-as face and scalped his-as head.
فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ مَلَكاً فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ قَدْ رَأَيْتُ مَا صَنَعَ بِكَ قَوْمُكَ فَسَلْنِي مَا شِئْتَ فَقَالَ يَا رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ لِي بِالْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ أُسْوَةٌ
Allah-azwj Sent an Angel to him-as who said to him-as: ‘The Lord-azwj of the Worlds Conveys His-azwj Greetings to you-as and is Saying: ‘I-azwj have Seen what your-as people have done to you-as, therefore ask Me-azwj whatsoever you-as desire to”. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj of the Worlds! For me-as, with Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws is an example’.
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَيْسَ هُوَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And he-as isn’t Ismail-as Bin Ibrahim-as’’.[40]
باب 16 قصة إلياس و إليا و اليسع عليهم السلام
CHAPTER 16 – STORY OF ILYAS-as, AND ELIA-as, AND AL YAS’A-as
الآيات الأنعام وَ زَكَرِيَّا وَ يَحْيى وَ عِيسى وَ إِلْياسَ كُلٌّ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Anaam: And Zakariyya, and Yahya, and Isa, and Ilyas –all were from the righteous ones [6:85]
وَ إِسْماعِيلَ وَ الْيَسَعَ وَ يُونُسَ وَ لُوطاً وَ كلًّا فَضَّلْنا عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ
And Ismail, and Al-Yas’a, and Yunus, and Lut; and all We Merited over the worlds [6:86]
الصافات وَ إِنَّ إِلْياسَ لَمِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
(Surah) Al Safaat: And surely Ilyas was from the Rasools [37:123]
إِذْ قالَ لِقَوْمِهِ أَ لا تَتَّقُونَ
When he said to his people: Will you not be fearing?’ [37:124]
أَ تَدْعُونَ بَعْلًا وَ تَذَرُونَ أَحْسَنَ الْخالِقِينَ
You are supplicating to Ba’al and forsaking the most excellent Creator, [37:125]
اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ وَ رَبَّ آبائِكُمُ الْأَوَّلِينَ
Allah, your Lord and Lord of your forefathers, the former ones?’ [37:126]
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَمُحْضَرُونَ
But they belied him, therefore they would be presented (in Hell) [37:127]
إِلَّا عِبادَ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ
Except the sincere servants of Allah [37:128]
وَ تَرَكْنا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْآخِرِينَ
And upon it, We Left (his mention to be) among the later ones [37:129]
سَلامٌ عَلى إِلْياسِينَ
Greetings be on Progeny of Yaseen [37:130]
إِنَّا كَذلِكَ نَجْزِي الْمُحْسِنِينَ
Indeed, like that do We Recompense the good doers [37:131]
إِنَّهُ مِنْ عِبادِنَا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ِ
He was from Our servants, the Momineen [37:132]
ص وَ اذْكُرْ إِسْماعِيلَ وَ الْيَسَعَ وَ ذَا الْكِفْلِ وَ كُلٌّ مِنَ الْأَخْيار
(Surah) Suad: And they, in Our Presence, are from the best of the Selected ones [38:47]
1- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: أَتَيْنَا بَابَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ نَحْنُ نُرِيدُ الْإِذْنَ عَلَيْهِ فَسَمِعْنَاهُ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِكَلَامٍ لَيْسَ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ فَتَوَهَّمْنَا أَنَّهُ بِالسُّرْيَانِيَّةِ ثُمَّ بَكَى فَبَكَيْنَا لِبُكَائِهِ
‘Al Kafi’ – From Ali Bin Muhammad, and Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Mufazzal -Bin Umar who said,
‘We came to the door of Abu Abdullah-asws and we wanted the permission to see him-asws. We overheard him-asws speaking in a language, which was not Arabic. We guessed that it was Assyrian. Then he-asws wept and we wept upon his-asws weeping.
ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا الْغُلَامُ فَأَذِنَ لَنَا فَدَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ أَتَيْنَاكَ نُرِيدُ الْإِذْنَ عَلَيْكَ فَسَمِعْنَاكَ تَتَكَلَّمُ بِكَلَامٍ لَيْسَ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ فَتَوَهَّمْنَا أَنَّهُ بِالسُّرْيَانِيَّةِ ثُمَّ بَكَيْتَ فَبَكَيْنَا لِبُكَائِكَ
Then the servant came out and gave us the permission, so we went up to him-asws. I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! We came to you-asws to seek permission to see you-asws, and we overheard you-asws speaking in a speech, which was not Arabic. We guessed it would be Assyrian. Then you-asws wept, and we also wept upon your-asws weeping’.
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ ذَكَرْتُ إِلْيَاسَ النَّبِيَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ كَانَ مِنْ عُبَّادِ أَنْبِيَاءِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقُلْتُ كَمَا كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي سُجُودِهِ ثُمَّ انْدَفَعَ فِيهِ بِالسُّرْيَانِيَّةِ فَمَا رَأَيْنَا وَ اللَّهِ قَسّاً وَ لَا جَاثَلِيقاً أَفْصَحَ لَهْجَةً مِنْهُ بِهِ
He-asws said: ‘Yes. I-asws remembered the Prophet Ilyas-as, and he-as was from the Prophets-as of the Children of Israel. I-asws said what he-as used to be saying in his-as sajdahs’. Then he-asws quickly spoke in Assyrian. By Allah-azwj! I had never seen a Priest nor a Catholic more eloquent in tone that him-asws.
ثُمَّ فَسَّرَهُ لَنَا بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ فَقَالَ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي سُجُودِهِ أَ تُرَاكَ مُعَذِّبِي وَ قَدْ أَظْمَأْتُ لَكَ هَوَاجِرِي أَ تُرَاكَ مُعَذِّبِي وَ قَدْ عَفَّرْتُ لَكَ فِي التُّرَابِ وَجْهِي أَ تُرَاكَ مُعَذِّبِي وَ قَدِ اجْتَنَبْتُ لَكَ الْمَعَاصِيَ أَ تُرَاكَ مُعَذِّبِي وَ قَدْ أَسْهَرْتُ لَكَ لَيْلِي
Then he-asws explained it to us in Arabic, so he-asws said: ‘He-as used to say in his-as Sajdahs: ‘Will I-as see You-azwj Punish me-as when I-as have endured thirst for Your-azwj sake? Will I-as see You-azwj Punish me-as and I-as rub my-as face in the dust for Your-azwj Sake? Will I-as see You-azwj Punish me-as and I-as have kept aside from the sins for Your-azwj Sake? Will I-as see You-azwj Punish me-as when I-as have stayed awake at nights for Your-azwj Sake?’
قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنِ ارْفَعْ رَأْسَكَ فَإِنِّي غَيْرُ مُعَذِّبِكَ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ قُلْتَ لَا أُعَذِّبُكَ ثُمَّ عَذَّبْتَنِي مَا ذَا أَ لَسْتُ عَبْدَكَ وَ أَنْتَ رَبِّي فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنِ ارْفَعْ رَأْسَكَ فَإِنِّي غَيْرُ مُعَذِّبِكَ فَإِنِّي إِذَا وَعَدْتُ وَعْداً وَفَيْتُ بِهِ
He-asws said: ‘So Allah-azwj Revealed unto him-as: “Raise your-as head, for I-azwj will not Punish you-as”. He-as said: ‘You-azwj are Saying that You-azwj will not Punish me-as, and then if You-azwj Do Punish me-as, then what? Am I-as not Your-azwj servant and You-azwj my-as Lord-azwj?’ Allah-azwj Revealed unto him-as: “Raise your-as head, for I-azwj will not Punish you-as. When I-azwj Promise a Promise, I-azwj Fulfil it’’.[41]
2- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ إِنَّ يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ بَوَّأَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الشَّامَ بَعْدَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ قَسَمَهَا بَيْنَهُمْ فَسَارَ مِنْهُمْ سِبْطٌ بِبَعْلَبَكَ بِأَرْضِهَا وَ هُوَ السِّبْطُ الَّذِي مِنْهُ إِلْيَاسُ النَّبِيُّ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, by his chain from Wahab, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Yoshua Bin Noun-as settled the children of Israel in Syria, after Musa-as, and apportioned it between them. A tribe from them travelled to Ba’albek and its (surrounding) lands, and it is the tribe from which is Ilyas-as the Prophet-as.
فَبَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ عَلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ مَلِكٌ فَتَنَهُمْ بِعِبَادَةِ صَنَمٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ بَعْلٌ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ وَ إِنَّ إِلْياسَ لَمِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ إِذْ قالَ لِقَوْمِهِ أَ لا تَتَّقُونَ أَ تَدْعُونَ بَعْلًا وَ تَذَرُونَ أَحْسَنَ الْخالِقِينَ اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ وَ رَبَّ آبائِكُمُ الْأَوَّلِينَ فَكَذَّبُوهُ
Allah-azwj Sent him to them, and in those days there was a king upon them who tempted them to worship an idol call ‘Ba’al’, and that is His-azwj Word: And surely Ilyas was from the Rasools [37:123] When he said to his people: Will you not be fearing?’ [37:124] You are supplicating to Ba’al and forsaking the most excellent Creator, [37:125] Allah, your Lord and Lord of your forefathers, the former ones?’ [37:126] But they belied him [37:127].
وَ كَانَ لِلْمَلِكِ زَوْجَةٌ فَاجِرَةٌ يَسْتَخْلِفُهَا إِذَا غَابَ فَتَقْضِي بَيْنَ النَّاسِ وَ كَانَ لَهَا كَاتِبٌ حَكِيمٌ قَدْ خَلَّصَ مِنْ يَدِهَا ثَلَاثَمِائَةِ مُؤْمِنٍ كَانَتْ تُرِيدُ قَتْلَهُمْ وَ لَمْ يُعْلَمْ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ أُنْثَى أَزْنَى مِنْهَا وَ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَتْ سَبْعَةَ مُلُوكٍ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ حَتَّى وَلَدَتْ تِسْعِينَ وَلَداً سِوَى وُلْدِ وُلْدِهَا
And there was an immoral wife for the king, he would place her in charge whenever he was absent. She would judge between the people, and there was a scribe for her who had rescued three hundred believers from her hands she had intended to kill them, and there was not know upon the surface of the earth any female more adulterous than her, and seven kings from the children of Israel had married until she had given birth to ninety children, besides the children of her children.
وَ كَانَ لِزَوْجِهَا جَارٌ صَالِحٌ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ كَانَ لَهُ بُسْتَانٌ يَعِيشُ بِهِ إِلَى جَانِبِ قَصْرِ الْمَلِكِ وَ كَانَ الْمَلِكُ يُكْرِمُهُ فَسَافَرَ مَرَّةً فَاغْتَنَمَتْ امْرَأَتُهُ وَ قَتَلَتِ الْعَبْدَ الصَّالِحَ وَ أَخَذَتْ بُسْتَانَهُ غَصْباً مِنْ أَهْلِهِ وَ وُلْدِهِ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ سَبَبَ سَخَطِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ
And for her husband there was a righteous neighbour from the children of Israel and there was an orchard for him he lived by, to a side of the castle of the king, and the king used to honour him. Once he (the king) travelled and his wife gained the opportunity and killed the righteous servant and seized his orchard, usurping it from his wife and children, and that was the cause of the Wrath of Allah-azwj upon them.
فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ زَوْجُهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ الْخَبَرَ فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا أَصَبْتَ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلْيَاسَ النَّبِيَّ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ فَكَذَّبُوهُ وَ طَرَدُوهُ وَ أَهَانُوهُ وَ أَخَافُوهُ وَ صَبَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ احْتَمَلَ أَذَاهُمْ وَ دَعَاهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَلَمْ يَزِدْهُمْ إِلَّا طُغْيَاناً
When her husband arrived, she informed him the news. He said to her, ‘You have done the right thing!’ Allah-azwj Send the Prophet Ilyas-as calling them to the worship of Allah-azwj, but they belied him-as, and expelled him-as, and weakened him, and frightened him-as, and he-as was patient upon them and bore their harm and called them to Allah the Exalted. But they did not increase except in arrogance.
فَآلَى اللَّهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَنْ يُهْلِكَ الْمَلِكَ وَ الزَّانِيَةَ إِنْ لَمْ يَتُوبُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ أَخْبَرَهُمَا بِذَلِكَ فَاشْتَدَّ غَضَبُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَ هَمُّوا بِتَعْذِيبِهِ وَ قَتْلِهِ فَهَرَبَ مِنْهُمْ فَلَحِقَ بِأَصْعَبِ جَبَلٍ فَبَقِيَ فِيهِ وَحْدَهُ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ نَبَاتِ الْأَرْضِ وَ ثِمَارِ الشَّجَرِ وَ اللَّهُ يُخْفِي مَكَانَهُ
Allah-azwj Swore upon Himself that He-azwj will Destroy the king and the adulteress if they do not repent to Him-azwj, and he-as informed them of that. Their anger upon him-as intensified and they thought of tormenting him-as and killing him-as. He-as fled from them. He-as went to the most difficult mountain and stayed in it alone for seven years eating from vegetation of the eart and fruits of the tree, and Allah-azwj Hid his-as whereabouts.
فَأَمْرَضَ اللَّهُ ابْناً لِلْمَلِكِ مَرَضاً شَدِيداً حَتَّى يَئِسَ مِنْهُ وَ كَانَ أَعَزَّ وُلْدِهِ إِلَيْهِ فَاسْتَشْفَعُوا إِلَى عَبَدَةِ الصَّنَمِ لِيَسْتَشْفِعُوا لَهُ فَلَمْ يَنْفَعْ فَبَعَثُوا النَّاسَ إِلَى حَدِّ الْجَبَلِ الَّذِي فِيهِ إِلْيَاسُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَكَانُوا يَقُولُونَ اهْبِطْ إِلَيْنَا وَ اشْفَعْ لَنَا
Allah-azwj Caused a son of the king to fall sick with severe illness until they despaired from him, and he was the dearest of his sons to him. They sought intercession from the idol worshipper to intercede for him but there was no benefit. They sent people to the top of the mountain where Ilyas-as was. They said, ‘Come down to us and intercede for us!’
فَنَزَلَ إِلْيَاسُ مِنَ الْجَبَلِ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَرْسَلَنِي إِلَيْكُمْ وَ إِلَى مَنْ وَرَاءَكُمْ فَاسْمَعُوا رِسَالَةَ رَبِّكُمْ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ ارْجِعُوا إِلَى الْمَلِكِ فَقُولُوا لَهُ إِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا إِلَهُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الَّذِي خَلَقَهُمْ وَ أَنَا الَّذِي أَرْزُقُهُمْ وَ أُحْيِيهِمْ وَ أُمِيتُهُمْ وَ أَضُرُّهُمْ وَ أَنْفَعُهُمْ وَ تَطْلُبُ الشِّفَاءَ لِابْنِكَ مِنْ غَيْرِي
Ilyas descended from the mountain and said: ‘Allah-azwj has Sent me to you all and to the ones beyond you, so listen to the Message of your Lord-azwj! Allah-azwj is saying: “Return to the king and tell him, surely I-azwj am Allah-azwj, there is no god except Me-azwj, God-azwj of the children of Israel who Created them, and I-azwj am the One Who Sustains them, and Causes them to live and die, and Harms them and Benefits them, and you are seeking the healing for your son from others!
فَلَمَّا صَارُوا إِلَى الْمَلِكِ وَ قَصُّوا عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ امْتَلَأَ غَيْظاً فَقَالَ مَا الَّذِي مَنَعَكُمْ أَنْ تَبْطِشُوا بِهِ حِينَ لَقِيتُمُوهُ وَ تُوثِقُوهُ وَ تَأْتُونِي بِهِ فَإِنَّهُ عَدُوِّي
When they came to the king and narrated to him, he was filled with rage. He said, ‘What is that which prevents you from being violent with him-as when you met him-as, and bind him-as and coming to me with him-azwj, for he-azwj is my enemy?’
قَالُوا لَمَّا صَارَ مَعَنَا قَذَفَ فِي قُلُوبِنَا الرُّعْبَ عَنْهُ فَنَدَبَ خَمْسِينَ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ مِنْ ذَوِي الْبَطْشِ وَ أَوْصَاهُمْ بِالاحْتِيَالِ لَهُ وَ إِطْمَاعِهِ فِي أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِهِ لِيَغْتَرَّ بِهِمْ فَيُمَكِّنَهُمْ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ
They said, ‘We he-as came to be with us-as, the awe from him-as was cast into our hearts’. He dispatched fifty of his people, from the ones with violence, and with being deceptive for him-as and covet him-as indicating that they believed him-as in order for him-as to be deceived by them, so he-as would enable them from himself.
فَانْطَلَقُوا حَتَّى ارْتَقَوْا ذَلِكَ الْجَبَلَ الَّذِي فِيهِ إِلْيَاسُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ثُمَّ تَفَرَّقُوا فِيهِ وَ هُمْ يُنَادُونَهُ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِمْ وَ يَقُولُونَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ابْرُزْ لَنَا فَإِنَّا آمَنَّا بِكَ
They went until they climbed that mountain which Ilyas-as was in. Then they dispersed in it and they was calling out to him-as at the top of their voices, and they were saying, ‘O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj! Come out to us, for we believe in you-as!’
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ إِلْيَاسُ مَقَالَتَهُمْ طَمِعَ فِي إِيمَانِهِمْ فَكَانَ فِي مَغَارَةٍ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانُوا صَادِقِينَ فِيمَا يَقُولُونَ فَأْذَنْ لِي فِي النُّزُولِ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ إِنْ كَانُوا كَاذِبِينَ فَاكْفِنِيهِمْ وَ ارْمِهِمْ بِنَارٍ تُحْرِقُهُمْ
When Ilyas-as heard their words, he-as was eager regarding their belief. He-as was in a cave. He-as said: ‘O Allah=-azwj! If they were truthful regarding what they are saying, Permit me-as in descending to them, and if they were liars, Suffice them and Pelt them with fire to burn them!’
فَمَا اسْتَتَمَّ قَوْلُهُ حَتَّى حُصِبُوا بِالنَّارِ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ فَاحْتَرَقُوا فَبَلَغَ الْمَلِكَ خَبَرُهُمْ فَاشْتَدَّ غَيْظُهُ فَانْتَدَبَ كَاتِبَ امْرَأَتِهِ الْمُؤْمِنَ وَ بَعَثَ مَعَهُ جَمَاعَةً إِلَى الْجَبَلِ وَ قَالَ لَهُ قَدْ آنَ أَنْ أَتُوبَ فَانْطَلِقْ لَنَا إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْنَا يَأْمُرُنَا وَ يَنْهَانَا بِمَا يَرْضَى رَبُّنَا وَ أَمَرَ قَوْمَهُ
His-as words had not completed until they were Pelted with the fire from above them. They were incinerated. Their news reached the king. His anger intensified. He sent the scribe of his wife, the believer, and sent a group with him to the mountain and said to him, ‘It is time for me to repent, so go to him-as for us until he returns to us, instructing us and forbidding us with what Pleases our Lord-azwj and commands his-as people!’
فَاعْتَزَلُوا الْأَصْنَامَ فَانْطَلَقَ كَاتِبُهَا وَ الْفِئَةُ الَّذِينَ أَنْفَذَهُمْ مَعَهُ حَتَّى عَلَا الْجَبَلَ الَّذِي فِيهِ إِلْيَاسُ ثُمَّ نَادَاهُ فَعَرَفَ إِلْيَاسُ صَوْتَهُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ أَنِ ابْرُزْ إِلَى أَخِيكَ الصَّالِحِ وَ صَافِحْهُ وَ حَيِّهِ
They put the idols away. Her scribe and the group, those who had been dispatched with him, went until they were at the top of the mountain in which was Ilyas-as. Then he called at to him. Ilyas-as recognised his voice. Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to him-as: “Go out to your -as righteous brother and shake his hand and welcome him!”
فَقَالَ الْمُؤْمِنُ بَعَثَنِي إِلَيْكَ هَذَا الطَّاغِي وَ قَوْمُهُ وَ قَصَّ عَلَيْهِ مَا قَالُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ إِنِّي لَخَائِفٌ إِنْ رَجَعْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَ لَسْتَ مَعِي أَنْ يَقْتُلَنِي
The believer said, ‘This tyrant and his people have sent me to you-as!’, and he narrated the story to him-as of what they had said. Then he said, ‘And I fear that if I were to return to him and you-as aren’t with me, he will kill me!’
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ إِلَى إِلْيَاسَ أَنَّ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ جَاءَكَ مِنْهُمْ خِدَاعٌ لِيَظْفَرُوا بِكَ وَ إِنِّي أَشْغَلُهُ عَنْ هَذَا الْمُؤْمِنِ بِأَنْ أُمِيتَ ابْنَهُ
Allah-azwj the Exalted, Majestic and Mighty Revealed to Ilyas-as: “Every thing which has come to you-as from them has been a deception in order to win with you-as, and I shall pre-occupy him from this believer by Causing his son to die!”
فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَيْهِ شَدَّ اللَّهُ الْوَجَعَ عَلَى ابْنِهِ وَ أَخَذَ الْمَوْتُ بِكَظَمِهِ وَ رَجَعَ إِلْيَاسُ سَالِماً إِلَى مَكَانِهِ فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ الْجَزَعُ عَنِ الْمَلِكِ بَعْدَ مُدَّةٍ سَأَلَ الْكَاتِبَ عَنِ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ لِي بِهِ عِلْمٌ
When they proceeded to him, Allah-azwj Intensified the pain upon his son and the death seized him in his final moments, and Ilyas-as returned safely to his place. When the alarm had subsided after a period, he asked the scribe about the one he had come with. He said, ‘There isn’t any knowledge for me about him-as’.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ إِلْيَاسَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ نَزَلَ وَ اسْتَخْفَى عِنْدَ أُمِّ يُونُسَ بْنِ مَتَّى سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ يُونُسُ مَوْلُودٌ ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَى مَكَانِهِ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ إِلَّا يَسِيراً حَتَّى مَاتَ ابْنُهَا حِينَ فَطَمَتْهُ فَعَظُمَتْ مُصِيبَتُهَا فَخَرَجَتْ فِي طَلَبِ إِلْيَاسَ وَ رَقَتِ الْجِبَالَ حَتَّى وَجَدَتْ إِلْيَاسَ
Then Ilyas-as descended and hid with the mother of Yunus Bin Matta-as for six months, and Yunus-as was born. Then he-as returned to his-as place. It was not long except a little until her son died when she was weaning him-as. Her difficulty was mighty. She went out in searching for Ilyas-as and she climbed the mountain until she found Ilyas-as.
فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي فُجِّعْتُ بِمَوْتِ ابْنِي وَ أَلْهَمَنِي اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَزَّ وَ عَلَا الِاسْتِشْفَاعَ بِكَ إِلَيْهِ لِيُحْيِيَ لِي ابْنِي فَإِنِّي تَرَكْتُهُ بِحَالِهِ وَ لَمْ أَدْفَنْهُ وَ أَخْفَيْتُ مَكَانَهُ
She said, ‘I am alarmed at the sudden death of my son and Allah-azwj the Exalted Mighty and Exalted Inspired me to seek intercession with you-as to Him-azwj for Him-azwj to Revive my son for me, so I left him-as in his state and did not bury him-as, and I have hidden his-as place!’
فَقَالَ لَهَا وَ مَتَى مَاتَ ابْنُكِ قَالَتِ الْيَوْمَ سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ
He-as said to her: ‘And did your son-as die?’ She said, ‘Today will be seven days’.
فَانْطَلَقَ إِلْيَاسُ وَ سَارَ سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ أُخْرَى حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى مَنْزِلِهَا فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ بِالدُّعَاءِ وَ اجْتَهَدَ حَتَّى أَحْيَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى جَلَّتْ عَظَمَتُهُ بِقُدْرَتِهِ يُونُسَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَلَمَّا عَاشَ انْصَرَفَ إِلْيَاسُ
Ilyas-as went and travelled for seven other days until he-as ended to her house. He-as raised his-as hands with the supplication and strived until Allah-azwj the Exalted, Majestic is His-azwj Magnificence, Revived Yunus-as. When he-as lived, Ilyas-as left.
وَ لَمَّا صَارَ ابْنَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً أَرْسَلَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ كَمَا قَالَ وَ أَرْسَلْناهُ إِلى مِائَةِ أَلْفٍ أَوْ يَزِيدُونَ
When her son became forty years old, Allah Sent him to his people, just as He Said: And We sent him to a hundred thousand, or more [37:147].
ثُمَّ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى جَلَّ وَ عَلَا إِلَى إِلْيَاسَ بَعْدَ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ مِنْ يَوْمَ أَحْيَا اللَّهُ يُونُسَ سَلْنِي أُعْطِكَ
Then Allah the Exalted, Majestic and Exalted, Revealed to Ilyas-as after seven years from the day Allah-azwj had Revived Yunus-as: “Request Me-azwj, I-azwj shall Grant you-as!”
فَقَالَ تُمِيتُنِي فَتُلْحِقُنِي بِآبَائِي فَإِنِّي قَدْ مَلَلْتُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ أَبْغَضْتُهُمْ فِيكَ
He-as said: ‘Cause me to die and join me-as with my forefathers for I-as am fed up with the children of Israel and their hatred for Your-azwj Sake (i.e I-as hate them and they hate me-as)!’
فَقَالَ تَعَالَى جَلَّتْ قُدْرَتُهُ مَا هَذَا بِالْيَوْمِ الَّذِي أُعْرِي مِنْكَ الْأَرْضَ وَ أَهْلَهَا وَ إِنَّمَا قِوَامُهَا بِكَ وَ لَكِنْ سَلْنِي أُعْطِكَ
The Exalted, Majest is His-azwj Power, Said: “This is not the day which I-azwj will Strip the earth and its people from you-as, and rather their existence is due to you-as, but request Me-azwj I-azwj shall Grant you-as!”
فَقَالَ إِلْيَاسُ فَأَعْطِنِي ثَارِي مِنَ الَّذِينَ أَبْغَضُونِي فِيكَ
Ilyas-as said: ‘Give me-as my-as retaliation from those who hate me-as for Your-azwj Sake! Do not rain a single drop upon them for seven years except through my intercession!’
فَلَا تُمْطِرْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ قَطْرَةً إِلَّا بِشَفَاعَتِي فَاشْتَدَّ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْجُوعُ وَ أَلَحَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَلَاءُ وَ أَسْرَعَ الْمَوْتُ فِيهِمْ وَ عَلِمُوا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ دَعْوَةِ إِلْيَاسَ فَفَزِعُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ قَالُوا نَحْنُ طَوْعُ يَدِكَ
The hunger intensified upon the children of Israel and the affliction was persistently upon them, and the there was swift death upon them, and they knew that it was due to the supplication of Ilyas-as. They panicked to him-as and said, ‘We will be obedient to your-as hand!’
فَهَبَطَ إِلْيَاسُ مَعَهُمْ وَ مَعَهُ تِلْمِيذٌ لَهُ الْيَسَعُ وَ جَاءَ إِلَى الْمَلِكِ فَقَالَ أَفْنَيْتَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِالْقَحْطِ فَقَالَ قَتَلَهُمُ الَّذِي أَغْوَاهُمْ فَقَالَ ادْعُ رَبَّكَ يَسْقِيهِمْ
Ilyas-as came down with them, and with him was a disciple of his, Al Yas’a-as, and he came to the king. Hesaid, ‘You-as annihilitaed the children of Israel with the drought!’ He-as said: ‘The one who deviated them, killed them!’ He said, ‘Supplicated to your-as Lord-azwj to Quench them’.
فَلَمَّا جَنَّ اللَّيْلُ قَامَ إِلْيَاسُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ دَعَا اللَّهَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْيَسَعِ انْظُرْ فِي أَكْنَافِ السَّمَاءِ مَا ذَا تَرَى فَنَظَرَ فَقَالَ أَرَى سَحَابَةً فَقَالَ أَبْشِرُوا بِالسِّقَاءِ فَلْيُحْرِزُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَ أَمْتِعَتَهُمْ مِنَ الْغَرَقِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘When the night shielded, Ilyas-as stood up and supplicated to Allah-azwj. Then he said to Al Yas’a-as: ‘Look into the horizons of the sky what can you-as see?’ He-as looked. He-as said: ‘I-as see a cloud’. He-as said: ‘Receive glad tidings of the rains! Let them fortify themselves and their belongings from the drowning!’
فَأَمْطَرَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّمَاءَ وَ أَنْبَتَتْ لَهُمُ الْأَرْضُ فَقَامَ إِلْيَاسُ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ وَ هُمْ صَالِحُونَ ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَهُمُ الطُّغْيَانُ وَ الْبَطَرُ فَجَهَدُوا حَقَّهُ وَ تَمَرَّدُوا فَسَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ عَدُوّاً قَصَدَهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَشْعُرُوا بِهِ حَتَّى رَهِقَهُمْ فَقَتَلَ الْمَلِكَ وَ زَوْجَتَهُ وَ أَلْقَاهُمَا فِي بُسْتَانِ الَّذِي قَتَلَتْهُ زَوْجَةُ الْمَلِكِ
Allah-azwj Caused the sky to rain upon them, and the earth grew vegetation for them. Ilyas-as stayed in their midst and they were righteous. Then the arrogance and rebellion came across them. They rejected his rights and were defiant. Allah-azwj Caused the enemy to overcome upon them. They aimed for them while they were not aware of it until they met them. The king and his wife were killed, and they were thrown in the very orchard which the wife of the king had killed (its owner).
ثُمَّ وَصَّى إِلْيَاسُ إِلَى الْيَسَعِ وَ أَنْبَتَ اللَّهُ لِإِلْيَاسَ الرِّيشَ وَ أَلْبَسَهُ النُّورَ وَ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ قَذَفَ بِكِسَائِهِ مِنَ الْجَوِّ عَلَى الْيَسَعِ فَنَبَّأَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ أَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ وَ أَيَّدَهُ فَكَانَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ يُعَظِّمُونَهُ وَ يَهْتَدُونَ بِهُدَاهُ
Then Ilyas bequeathed to Al Yas’a-as, and Allah-azwj Grew feathers for Ilyas-as and Clothed him-as in light, and Raised him-as to the sky, and Threw his-as cloak from the air upon Al Yas’a-as. Allah-azwj Made him-as a Prophet-as unto the children of Israel and Revealed to him-as, and Aided him-as. The children of Israel used to revere him-as and were guided by his-as guidance’. (Judeo Christian literature)[42]
3- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْكَرَفْسِ فَإِنَّهُ طَعَامُ إِلْيَاسَ وَ الْيَسَعِ وَ يُوشَعَ بْنِ نُونٍ
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Isa, or someone else, from Quteyba Bin Mihran, from Hamad Bin Zakariya,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Upon you all is with (eating) the celery, for it is a meal of the Ilyas-as and Al-Ya’sa-as and Yoshua Bin Noun-as’’.[43]
4- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ الْجَرِيشِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بَيْنَا أَبِي يَطُوفُ بِالْكَعْبَةِ إِذَا رَجُلٌ مُعْتَجِرٌ قَدْ قُيِّضَ لَهُ فَقَطَعَ عَلَيْهِ أُسْبُوعَهُ حَتَّى أَدْخَلَهُ إِلَى دَارٍ جَنْبِ الصَّفَا فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ فَكُنَّا ثَلَاثَةً
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Abdu Abdullah and Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Sahl Bin Ziyad and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, altogether from Al-Hassan Bin Al Abbas Bin Al Harysh,
From Abu Ja’far-asws the 2nd who said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘While my-asws father-asws was performing Tawaaf of the Kabah, when a man covered by a turban of his like an egg-shell, cut off his-asws seven (circuits) until he made him-asws enter into a house by the side of Al-Safa. He-asws sent for me-asws, and we became three.
فَقَالَ مَرْحَباً يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى رَأْسِي وَ قَالَ بَارَكَ اللَّهُ فِيكَ يَا أَمِينَ اللَّهِ بَعْدَ آبَائِهِ يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَأَخْبَرْتُكَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ سَلْنِي وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ سَأَلْتُكَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَاصْدُقْنِي وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ صَدَقْتُكَ
He said, ‘Welcome, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww!’ Then he placed his hand upon my-asws head and said, ‘May Allah-azwj Bless you-asws, O trustees of Allah-azwj after his-asws forefathers-asws! O Abu Ja’far-asws! If you-asws so desire, inform me and if you-asws so desire, I shall inform you-asws, and if you-asws so desire, ask me, and if you-asws so desire, I shall ask you-asws, and if you-asws so desire, ratify me, and if you-asws so desire, I shall ratify you-asws’.
قَالَ كُلَّ ذَلِكَ أَشَاءُ قَالَ فَإِيَّاكَ أَنْ يَنْطِقَ لِسَانُكَ عِنْدَ مَسْأَلَتِي بِأَمْرٍ تُضْمِرُ لِي غَيْرَهُ قَالَ إِنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ مَنْ فِي قَلْبِهِ عِلْمَانِ يُخَالِفُ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَبَى أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ عِلْمٌ فِيهِ اخْتِلَافٌ
He-asws said: ‘All of that I-asws like’. He said, ‘So beware of speaking by your tongue during my questioning by a matter with something else in your-asws consciousness’. He-asws said: ‘But rather that is the one in whose heart are two knowledges, one of it opposing its counterpart, and that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Refused that there should be a Knowledge for Him-azwj wherein is a differing’.
قَالَ هَذِهِ مَسْأَلَتِي وَ قَدْ فَسَّرْتَ طَرَفاً مِنْهَا أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ هَذَا الْعِلْمِ الَّذِي لَيْسَ فِيهِ اخْتِلَافٌ مَنْ يَعْلَمُهُ قَالَ أَمَّا جُمْلَةُ الْعِلْمِ فَعِنْدَ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ وَ أَمَّا مَا لَا بُدَّ لِلْعِبَادِ مِنْهُ فَعِنْدَ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ
He said, ‘This is my question, and you have explained part of it. Inform me about this knowledge which there is no differing in it. Who knows it?’ He-asws said: ‘But, the totality of the knowledge, so it is with Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Mention, and as for what is a must for the servants from it, so it is with the successors-asws’.
قَالَ فَفَتَحَ الرَّجُلُ عُجْرَتَهُ وَ اسْتَوَى جَالِساً وَ تَهَلَّلَ وَجْهُهُ وَ قَالَ هَذِهِ أَرَدْتُ وَ لَهَا أَتَيْتُ زَعَمْتَ أَنَّ عِلْمَ مَا لَا اخْتِلَافَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ عِنْدَ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ فَكَيْفَ يَعْلَمُونَهُ
He-asws said: ‘The man opened up his turban and sat evenly (relaxed manner), and his face was cheerful, and he said, ‘This is what I wanted, and for it I came over. You-asws claim that knowledge is what there is no differing therein, from the knowledge with the successors-asws, so how do they know it?’
قَالَ كَمَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَرَوْنَ مَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَرَى لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ نَبِيّاً وَ هُمْ مُحَدَّثُونَ وَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَفِدُ إِلَى اللَّهِ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ فَيَسْمَعُ الْوَحْيَ وَ هُمْ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ
He-asws said: ‘Just as how Rasool-Allah-saww used to know it except that they-asws are not seeing what Rasool-Allah-saww used to see, because he-saww was a Prophet-saww, and they-asws are Muhaddisoun, and it was so that he-asws would be a delegate to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and he-saww would hear the Revelation, and they-asws are not hearing’.
فَقَالَ صَدَقْتَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ سَآتِيكَ بِمَسْأَلَةٍ صَعْبَةٍ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ هَذَا الْعِلْمِ مَا لَهُ لَا يَظْهَرُ كَمَا كَانَ يَظْهَرُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ فَضَحِكَ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ قَالَ أَبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَطَّلِعَ عَلَى عِلْمِهِ إِلَّا مُمْتَحَناً لِلْإِيمَانِ بِهِ كَمَا قَضَى عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يَصْبِرَ عَلَى أَذَى قَوْمِهِ وَ لَا يُجَاهِدَهُمْ إِلَّا بِأَمْرِهِ
You speak the truth, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! I shall come to you with a difficult question. Inform me about this knowledge. What is the matter with it that it is not apparent (now) just as it was apparent with Rasool-Allah-saww?’ My-asws father-asws smiled and said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Refuses that anyone should have notification of His-azwj Knowledge except for the one examined for the Eman with it, just as He-azwj Ordained upon Rasool-Allah-saww that he-saww be patient upon the harm of his-saww people, and he-saww should not fight against them except by His-azwj Command.
فَكَمْ مِنِ اكْتِتَامٍ قَدِ اكْتَتَمَ بِهِ حَتَّى قِيلَ لَهُ فَاصْدَعْ بِما تُؤْمَرُ وَ أَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ أَنْ لَوْ صَدَعَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ لَكَانَ آمِناً وَ لَكِنَّهُ إِنَّمَا نَظَرَ فِي الطَّاعَةِ وَ خَافَ الْخِلَافَ فَلِذَلِكَ كَفَ
So how much from the secrets he-saww was secretive with until it was said to him-saww, ‘[15:94] Therefore declare openly what you are Commanded with and turn aside from the polytheists. And I swear by Allah-azwj that had he-saww proclaimed openly before that, he-saww would (still) have been safe, but he-saww, rather, considered to be in the obedience and feared the differing (of people). Therefore, due to that, he-saww restrained.
فَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ تَكُونُ مَعَ مَهْدِيِّ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ وَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ بِسُيُوفِ آلِ دَاوُدَ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ يُعَذِّبُ أَرْوَاحَ الْكَفَرَةِ مِنَ الْأَمْوَاتِ وَ يُلْحِقُ بِهِمْ أَرْوَاحَ أَشْبَاهِهِمْ مِنَ الْأَحْيَاءِ ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَ سَيْفاً ثُمَّ قَالَ هَا إِنَّ هَذَا مِنْهَا
I-asws would love it if your eyes happen to be with the Mahdi-asws of this community, and the Angels with the swords of the family of Dawood-as, between the sky and the earth, Punishing the souls of the disbelievers from the deceased and join with them the souls of their likes from the living ones’. Then he-asws brought out a sword, then said: ‘Here, this is from those’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبِي إِي وَ الَّذِي اصْطَفَى مُحَمَّداً عَلَى الْبَشَرِ قَالَ فَرَدَّ الرَّجُلُ اعْتِجَارَهُ وَ قَالَ أَنَا إِلْيَاسُ مَا سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ أَمْرِكَ وَ لِي مِنْهُ جَهَالَةٌ غَيْرَ أَنِّي أَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ قُوَّةً لِأَصْحَابِكَ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَامَ الرَّجُلُ وَ ذَهَبَ فَلَمْ أَرَهُ
He-asws said: ‘My-asws father-asws said: ‘Yes. By the One-azwj Who Chose Muhammad-saww over (all) the human beings!’ The man returned his turban and said, ‘I am Ilyas-as. I-as did not ask you-asws about your-asws matter and there was ignorance with me from it, apart from that I-as loved it that this Hadeeth takes place, as a strengthening for your-asws companions’ – and continued the Hadeeth with its length up to he-as said: ‘Then the man stood up and went away and I-asws did not see him-as’’.[44]
5- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِزَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ يُؤْمِنَكَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْغَرَقِ وَ الْحَرَقِ وَ الشَّرَقِ فَقُلْ إِذَا أَصْبَحْتَ
‘Tafseer of the Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws) – ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to Zayd Bin Arqam: ‘When you want Allah-azwj to Secure you from the drowning, and the burning and the theft, then say when it is morning,
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَا يَصْرِفُ السُّوءَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَا يَسُوقُ الْخَيْرَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ مَا يَكُونُ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ فَمِنَ اللَّهِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ
‘In the Name of Allah-azwj. Whatever Allah-azwj so Desires. None can change evil except for Allah-azwj. In the Name of Allah-azwj. Whatever Allah-azwj so Desires. None can usher the goodness except Allah-azwj. In the Name of Allah-azwj. Whatever Allah-azwj so Desires. Whatever happens from a Bounty, so it is from Allah-azwj. In the Name of Allah-azwj. Whatever Allah-azwj so Desires. There is neither might nor strength except with Allah-azwj, the Exalted, the Magnificent. In the Name of Allah-azwj, and Send Blessings upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws’’.
فَإِنَّ مَنْ قَالَهَا ثَلَاثاً إِذَا أَصْبَحَ أَمِنَ مِنْ الْحَرَقِ وَ الْغَرَقِ وَ الشَّرَقِ حَتَّى يُمْسِيَ وَ مَنْ قَالَهَا ثَلَاثاً إِذَا أَمْسَى أَمِنَ مِنَ الْحَرَقِ وَ الْغَرَقِ وَ الشَّرَقِ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ وَ إِنَّ الْخَضِرَ وَ إِلْيَاسَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ يَلْتَقِيَانِ فِي كُلِّ مَوْسِمٍ فَإِذَا تَفَرَّقَا تَفَرَّقَا عَنْ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتِ
The one who says it thrice when it is morning, would be safe from the burning, and the drowning, and the theft until evening. And the one who says it thrice when evening, would be safe from the burning, and the drowning, and the theft until morning. And Al-Khizr-as and Ilyas-as meet during every season (of Hajj), and when they-as separate, do so upon these phrases’’.[45]
6- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقٍ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ فِي زَمَانِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ رَجُلٌ يُسَمَّى إِلْيَا رَئِيسٌ عَلَى أَرْبَعِمِائَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ كَانَ مَلِكُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ هَوِيَ امْرَأَةً مِنْ قَوْمٍ يَعْبُدُونَ الْأَصْنَامَ مِنْ غَيْرِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَخَطَبَهَا فَقَالَتْ عَلَى أَنْ أَحْمِلَ الصَّنَمَ فَأَعْبُدَهُ فِي بَلْدَتِكَ فَأَبَى عَلَيْهَا
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan, from Amro Bin Saeed, from Musaddaq, from Amar,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘During the era of the Children of Israel there was a man called Elia-as, chief upon a hundred from the Children of Israel, and there was a king from the Children of Israel who was fascinated by a woman from the people who were worshipping the idols, being from other than the Children of Israel. He proposed to her. She said, ‘Upon (a condition) that I carry the idol and worship it in your city’. He refused it upon her.
ثُمَّ عَاوَدَهَا مَرَّةً بَعْدَ مَرَّةٍ حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى مَا أَرَادَتْ فَحَوَّلَهَا إِلَيْهِ وَ مَعَهَا صَنَمٌ وَ جَاءَ مَعَهَا ثَمَانُمِائَةِ رَجُلٍ يَعْبُدُونَهُ فَجَاءَ إِلْيَا إِلَى الْمَلِكِ فَقَالَ مَلَّكَكَ اللَّهُ وَ مَدَّ لَكَ فِي الْعُمُرِ فَطَغَيْتَ وَ بَغَيْتَ فَلَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ إِلَيْهِ فَدَعَا اللَّهَ إِلْيَا أَنْ لَا يَسْقِيَهُمْ قَطْرَةً فَنَالَهُمْ قَحْطٌ شَدِيدٌ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ حَتَّى ذَبَحُوا دَوَابَّهُمْ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ لَهُمْ مِنَ الدَّوَابِّ إِلَّا بِرْذَوْنٌ يَرْكَبُهُ الْمَلِكُ وَ آخَرُ يَرْكَبُهُ الْوَزِيرُ
Then he reiterated to her, time after time until he came to what she wanted and carried her to him and with her was an idol, and there came along with her, seven hundred men worshipping it. Elia-as came to the king and said: ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you as king and Extend in (your) age. You have transgressed and rebelled!’ But, he did not even turn towards him, so Elia-as supplicated to Allah-azwj not to Quench them a drop. So, severe drought caught them for three years until they slaughtered their animals, and there did not remain for them from the animals except a workhorse ridden by the king, and another ridden by the Vizier.
وَ كَانَ قَدِ اسْتَتَرَ عِنْدَ الْوَزِيرِ أَصْحَابُ إِلْيَا يُطْعِمُهُمْ فِي سَرَبٍ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ إِلَى إِلْيَا تَعَرَّضْ لِلْمَلِكِ فَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ يَا إِلْيَا مَا صَنَعْتَ بِنَا قَتَلْتَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ إِلْيَا تُطِيعُنِي فِيمَا آمُرُكَ بِهِ فَأَخَذَ عَلَيْهِ الْعَهْدَ
And the companions of Elia-as had hidden themselves with the Vizier who was feeding them in a tunnel. Allah-azwj, Exalted is His-azwj Mention, Revealed to Elia-as: “Present (yourself-as) to the king, for I-azwj Want to Turn to him!” He-as came to him and he said, ‘O Elia-as! What had you-as done with us? You-as killed the Children of Israel’. Elia-as said: ‘Will you obey me-as in what I-as instruct you with?’ He-as took an agreement upon him.
فَأَخْرَجَ أَصْحَابَهُ وَ تَقَرَّبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى بِثَوْرَيْنِ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِالْمَرْأَةِ فَذَبَحَهَا وَ أَحْرَقَ الصَّنَمَ وَ تَابَ الْمَلِكُ تَوْبَةً حَسَنَةً حَتَّى لَبِسَ الشَّعْرَ وَ أُرْسِلَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَطَرُ وَ الْخِصْبُ
His-as companions came out, and they offered an offering to Allah-azwj the Exalted with two bulls. Then he-as called the woman and slaughtered her and burnt the idol, and the king repented a good repentance until he wore the hair (fur), and the rain and the fertility was Sent to him’’.[46]
7- ير، بصائر الدرجات مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى النُّمَيْرِيِّ قَالَ: جِئْتُ إِلَى بَابِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِأَسْتَأْذِنَ عَلَيْهِ فَسَمِعْنَا صَوْتاً حَزِيناً يَقْرَأُ بِالْعِبْرَانِيَّةِ فَبَكَيْنَا حَيْثُ سَمِعْنَا الصَّوْتَ وَ ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ بَعَثَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ يَسْتَقْرِئُهُ فَأَذِنَ لَنَا فَدَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَلَمْ نَرَ عِنْدَهُ أَحَداً فَقُلْنَا أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ سَمِعْنَا صَوْتاً بِالْعِبْرَانِيَّةِ فَظَنَنَّا أَنَّكَ بَعَثْتَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ تَسْتَقْرِئُهُ
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan Al Maysami, from Aban Bin Usman, from Musa Al Numeyri who said,
‘I came to the door of Abu Ja’far-asws in order to seek permission to see him-asws. We heard a grief-stricken voice reciting in Hebrew. We cried when we heard the voice, and we thought that he-asws had sent for a man from the People of the Book to recite it. He-asws permitted us to see him-asws. We entered but did not see anyone with him-asws. We said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! We heard a voice in Hebrew and we thought that you-asws had sent for a man from the People of the Book to recite it.
قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ ذَكَرْتُ مُنَاجَاةَ إِلْيَا لِرَبِّهِ فَبَكَيْتُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
He-asws said: ‘No, but I-asws remembered a whispering (Munajaat) of Elia-as to his-as Lord-azwj, and I-asws cried from that’.
قَالَ قُلْنَا وَ مَا كَانَ مُنَاجَاتُهُ جَعَلَنِيَ اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ جَعَلَ يَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ أَ تُرَاكَ مُعَذِّبِي بَعْدَ طُولِ قِيَامِي لَكَ أَ تُرَاكَ مُعَذِّبِي بَعْدَ طُولِ صَلَاتِي لَكَ وَ جَعَلَ يُعَدِّدُ أَعْمَالَهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘We said, ‘And what was his-as whispering? May Allah-azwj Make us to be sacrificed for you-asws!’ He-asws said: ‘He-as was saying: ‘O Lord-azwj! Will You-azwj Want to Punish me-as after my-as prolonged standing for You-azwj? Will You-azwj Want to Punish me after my prolonged Salat to You-azwj?’ And he-as went on to number his-as deeds.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنِّي لَسْتُ أُعَذِّبُكَ قَالَ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ وَ مَا يَمْنَعُكَ أَنْ تَقُولَ لَا بَعْدَ نَعَمْ وَ أَنَا عَبْدُكَ وَ فِي قَبْضَتِكَ قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنِّي إِذَا قُلْتُ قَوْلًا وَفَيْتَ بِهِ
Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “I-azwj Won’t be Punishing you-as”. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! And what prevents You-azwj from saying no after yes, and I-as am You-azwj servant and in Your-azwj Grip?’ Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “I-azwj, when I-saww Say a Word, I-azwj Fulfil it![47]
8- ج، الإحتجاج يد، التوحيد ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام فِي خَبَرٍ طَوِيلٍ رَوَاهُ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيُّ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِيمَا احْتَجَّ بِهِ عَلَى جَاثَلِيقِ النَّصَارَى أَنْ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنَّ الْيَسَعَ قَدْ صَنَعَ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعَ عِيسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَشَى عَلَى الْمَاءِ وَ أَحْيَا الْمَوْتَى وَ أَبْرَأَ الْأَكْمَهَ وَ الْأَبْرَصَ فَلَمْ تَتَّخِذْهُ أُمَّتُهُ رَبّاً الْخَبَرَ
‘Al-Ihtijaj’, ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – In a lengthy Hadeeth reported by Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Nowfaly,
‘From Al-Reza-asws arguing in it against the Catholic Christian that he-asws said: ‘Al-Yas’a-as had done similar to what Isa-as has done – walking upon the water, and reviving the dead, and curing the blind and the leper, but you cannot find his-as community taking him-as as Lord-azwj!’ – the Hadeeth’[48]
9- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب رُوِيَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص سَمِعَ صَوْتاً مِنْ قُلَّةِ جَبَلٍ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِنَ الْأُمَّةِ الْمَرْحُومَةِ الْمَغْفُورَةِ فَأَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَإِذَا بِشَيْخٍ أَشْيَبَ قَامَتُهُ ثَلَاثُمِائَةِ ذِرَاعٍ فَلَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص عَانَقَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّنِي آكُلُ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَ هَذَا أَوَانُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِمَائِدَةٍ أُنْزِلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَأَكَلَا وَ كَانَ إِلْيَاسَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ
‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashoub – It is reported by Anas (well-known fabricator),
‘The Prophet-saww heard a from the top of a mountain: ‘O Allah-azwj! Make me to be from the Mercied community, the Forgiven one’. Rasool-Allah-saww came and there was an old man whose length was of three hundred cubits. When he saw Rasool-Allah-saww, hugged him-saww, then said: ‘I tend to eat one during every year and this is its season’. And there was a meal with him having descended from the sky, and they both ate. And it was Ilyas-as’’.[49]
10- فس، تفسير القمي قَوْلُهُ أَ تَدْعُونَ بَعْلًا قَالَ كَانَ لَهُمْ صَنَمٌ يُسَمُّونَهُ بَعْلًا وَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَعْرَابِيّاً عَنْ نَاقَةٍ وَاقِفَةٍ فَقَالَ لِمَنْ هَذِهِ النَّاقَةُ فَقَالَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ أَنَا بَعْلُهَا وَ سُمِّيَ الرَّبُّ بَعْلًا ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ وَ تَرَكْنا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْآخِرِينَ سَلَامٌ عَلَى آلِ يَاسِينَ فَقَالَ يَاسِينُ مُحَمَّدٌ وَ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَئِمَّةُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ وَ سَلَامُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ
(opinion)[50]
باب 17 قصص ذي الكفل عليه السلام
CHAPTER 17 – STORY OF ZULKIFL-as
الآيات الأنبياء وَ إِسْماعِيلَ وَ إِدْرِيسَ وَ ذَا الْكِفْلِ كُلٌّ مِنَ الصَّابِرِينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al-Anbiya: And Ismail, and Idrees and Zalkifl; all were from the patient ones [21:85]
وَ أَدْخَلْناهُمْ فِي رَحْمَتِنا إِنَّهُمْ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
And We Included them into Our Mercy. They were from the righteous ones [21:86]
ص وَ ذَا الْكِفْلِ وَ كُلٌّ مِنَ الْأَخْيارِ
(Surah) Suad: and Zulkifl, and each was from the best [38:48]
1- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ عَنِ الطَّالَقَانِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْبُهْلُولِ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ نَفِيسٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شُجَاعٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ بَارِحِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقِيلَ لَهُ مَا كَانَ ذُو الْكِفْلِ فَقَالَ كَانَ رجل [رَجُلًا] مِنْ حَضْرَمَوْتَ وَ اسْمُهُ عويديا بْنِ إدريم قَالَ مَنْ يَلِي أَمْرَ النَّاسِ بَعْدِي عَلَى أَنْ لَا يَغْضَبَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al Sadouq, from Al Altalaqany, from Ahmad Bin Qays, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Al Bahloul, from Al Fazl Bin Nafees, from Al-Hassan bin Shuja’a, from Suleyman Bin Al Rabie, from Barah Bin Ahmad, from Maqatal Bin Suleyman, from Abdullah Bin Saeed, from Abdullah Bin Umar who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww was asked, being said to him-saww, ‘Who was Zulkifl?’ He-saww said: ‘He-as was a man from Hazramout and his-as name was Aweyda Bin Idreem. He-as said: ‘Who will follow up the command of the people after me-as upon (a condition) that he will not get angry?’
قَالَ فَقَامَ فَتًى فَقَالَ أَنَا فَلَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ كَذَلِكَ فَقَامَ الْفَتَى فَمَاتَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيُّ وَ بَقِيَ ذَلِكَ الْفَتَى وَ جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ نَبِيّاً وَ كَانَ الْفَتَى يَقْضِي أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ فَقَالَ إِبْلِيسُ لِأَتْبَاعِهِ مَنْ لَهُ فَقَالَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ الْأَبْيَضُ أَنَا فَقَالَ إِبْلِيسُ فَاذْهَبْ إِلَيْهِ لَعَلَّكَ تُغْضِبُهُ
He-saww said: ‘A youth stood up and said, ‘I will!’ But he-as did not turn to him. Then he said like that, and the youth stood up. Then, that Prophet-as died, and that youth remained and Allah-azwj Made him a Prophet-as. And the youth used to set forth at the beginning of the day. Iblees-la said to his-la followers, ‘Who is for him?’ One of the called Al-Abyaz said to him-la, ‘I am’. Iblees-la said, ‘Then go to him, perhaps you can make him angry’.
فَلَمَّا انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ جَاءَ الْأَبْيَضُ إِلَى ذِي الْكِفْلِ وَ قَدْ أَخَذَ مَضْجَعَهُ فَصَاحَ وَ قَالَ إِنِّي مَظْلُومٌ فَقَالَ قُلْ لَهُ تَعَالَ فَقَالَ لَا أَنْصَرِفُ
When it was midday, Al-Abyaz came to Zulkifl-as, and he-as taken to his-as bed. He-as sighed and said, ‘I am oppressed!’ He-la said, ‘Say to him-as, ‘Come’’. He-as said: ‘No, leave!’
قَالَ فَأَعْطَاهُ خَاتَمَهُ فَقَالَ اذْهَبْ وَ أْتِنِي بِصَاحِبِكَ فَذَهَبَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ جَاءَ تِلْكَ السَّاعَةَ الَّتِي أَخَذَ هُوَ مَضْجَعَهُ فَصَاحَ أَنِّي مَظْلُومٌ وَ أَنَّ خَصْمِي لَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ إِلَى خَاتَمِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحَاجِبُ وَيْحَكَ دَعْهُ يَنَمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَنَمِ الْبَارِحَةَ وَ لَا أَمْسِ
He-saww said: ‘He-la gave him his-la ring and said, ‘Go and come to me-la with your companion’. He went until when it was from the morning, that time came in which he-as would take to lying down, he-as sighed and said, ‘I am oppressed, and if you contend me,-as I-as will not turn to your ring’. The guard said to him, ‘Woe be unto you! Leave him to sleep, for he-as has neither slept last night nor yesterday’.
قَالَ لَا أَدَعُهُ يَنَامُ وَ أَنَا مَظْلُومٌ فَدَخَلَ الْحَاجِبُ وَ أَعْلَمَهُ فَكَتَبَ لَهُ كِتَاباً وَ خَتَمَهُ وَ دَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ فَذَهَبَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ حِينَ أَخَذَ مَضْجَعَهُ جَاءَ فَصَاحَ فَقَالَ مَا الْتَفَتَ إِلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِكَ وَ لَمْ يَزَلْ يَصِيحُ حَتَّى قَامَ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ فِي يَوْمٍ شَدِيدِ الْحَرِّ لَوْ وُضِعَتْ فِيهِ بَضْعَةُ لَحْمٍ عَلَى الشَّمْسِ لَنَضِجَتْ
He said, ‘I will not leave him-as sleeping and I am oppressed. The guard entered and let him-as, and he-as wrote a letter to him and sealed it, and handed it over to him. He went until when it was morning, when he-as took to lying down and sighed and said, ‘I-as will not turn to anything from your matter’, and he-as did not stop sighing until he grabbed him-as by his-as hand during a day of severe heat, if a piece of meat were placed in the sun, it would be roasted.
فَلَمَّا رَأَى الْأَبْيَضُ ذَلِكَ انْتَزَعَ يَدَهُ مِنْ يَدِهِ وَ يَئِسَ مِنْهُ أَنْ يَغْضَبَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى جَلَّ وَ عَلَا قِصَّتَهُ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ لِيَصْبِرَ عَلَى الْأَذَى كَمَا صَبَرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ عَلَى الْبَلَاءِ
When Al Abyaz saw that, he removed his hand from his-as hand and despaired from him from being angered. Allah-azwj the Exalted and Majestic Narrated his-as story upon His-azwj Prophet-saww to be patient upon the harm just as the Prophets-as had been patient upon the afflictions’’.[51]
2- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ عَنِ الدَّقَّاقِ عَنِ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْحَسَنِيِّ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ ذِي الْكِفْلِ مَا اسْمُهُ وَ هَلْ كَانَ مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al Sadouq, from Al Daqaq, from Al Asady, from Sahl, from Abdul Azeem Al Hasny who said,
‘I wrote to Abu Ja’far-asws the 2nd asking him-asws about Zulkifl-as, ‘What is his-as name? And was he-as from the Messengers-as’.
فَكَتَبَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ وَ سَلَامُهُ عَلَيْهِ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ نَبِيٍّ وَ أَرْبَعَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ أَلْفَ نَبِيٍّ الْمُرْسَلُونَ مِنْهُمْ ثَلَاثُمِائَةٍ وَ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا وَ إِنَّ ذَا الْكِفْلِ مِنْهُمْ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ كَانَ بَعْدَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ وَ كَانَ يَقْضِي بَيْنَ النَّاسِ كَمَا كَانَ يَقْضِي دَاوُدُ وَ لَمْ يَغْضَبْ إِلَّا لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ كَانَ اسْمُهُ عويديا وَ هُوَ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى جَلَّتْ عَظَمَتُهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ حَيْثُ قَالَ وَ اذْكُرْ إِسْماعِيلَ وَ الْيَسَعَ وَ ذَا الْكِفْلِ وَ كُلٌّ مِنَ الْأَخْيارِ
He-asws wrote: ‘Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Mention, Sent one hundred and twenty-four thousand Prophets-as. The Messengers-as from them-as were thirteen men, and that Zulkifl-as was from them-as, and he-as was after Suleyman Bin Dawood-as. He-as used to judge between the people just as Dawood-as had judged, and did not get angry except for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic; and his-as name was ‘Oweydiya’, and he-as is the one whom Allah-azwj the Exalted, Majestic is His-azwj Magnificence, Mentioned in His-azwj Book where He-azwj Says: And remember Ismail and Al-Ya’sa and Zulkifl, and each was from the best [38:48]’’.[52]
CHAPTER 18 – STORY OF LUQMAN-as AND HIS-as WISDOM
الآيات لقمان وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا لُقْمانَ الْحِكْمَةَ أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِلَّهِ وَ مَنْ يَشْكُرْ فَإِنَّما يَشْكُرُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَ مَنْ كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ حَمِيدٌ
The Verses – (Surah) Luqman-as: And We had Given the Wisdom to Luqman: “Be thankful to Allah!” And one who is grateful, so rather he is grateful for his own self, and one who is ungrateful, then Allah is Needless, Praised [31:12]
وَ إِذْ قالَ لُقْمانُ لِابْنِهِ وَ هُوَ يَعِظُهُ يا بُنَيَّ لا تُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ
And when Luqman said to his son, and he was advising him: ‘O my son! Do not associate with Allah, surely, the association is a gross injustice [31:13]
وَ وَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسانَ بِوالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْناً عَلى وَهْنٍ وَ فِصالُهُ فِي عامَيْنِ أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِي وَ لِوالِدَيْكَ إِلَيَّ الْمَصِيرُ
And We Bequeathed the human being regarding his parents – his mother carried him with weakness upon weakness, and his weaning during two years: “Be thankful to Me and to your parents! To Me is the destination” [31:14]
وَ إِنْ جاهَداكَ عَلى أَنْ تُشْرِكَ بِي ما لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلا تُطِعْهُما وَ صاحِبْهُما فِي الدُّنْيا مَعْرُوفاً وَ اتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ مَنْ أَنابَ إِلَيَّ ثُمَّ إِلَيَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَأُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِما كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
And if they both strive against you upon that you should associate with Me, what there isn’t any knowledge for you of it, then do not obey them, and accompany them kindly in the world; and follow the way of the one who is penitent to Me, then to Me would be your Return, so I shall Inform you of what you had been doing [31:15]
يا بُنَيَّ إِنَّها إِنْ تَكُ مِثْقالَ حَبَّةٍ مِنْ خَرْدَلٍ فَتَكُنْ فِي صَخْرَةٍ أَوْ فِي السَّماواتِ أَوْ فِي الْأَرْضِ يَأْتِ بِهَا اللَّهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَطِيفٌ خَبِيرٌ
(Luqman said): ‘O my son! Surely, even if the weight of the grain of a mustard-seed happens to be inside a rock, or in the skies, or in the earth, Allah will Bring it. Surely, Allah is Knower of subtleties, Aware [31:16]
يا بُنَيَّ أَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ وَ أْمُرْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ انْهَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَ اصْبِرْ عَلى ما أَصابَكَ إِنَّ ذلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ الْأُمُورِ
O my son! Establish the Salat and enjoin the good and forbid from the evil, and be patient upon what befalls you, surely that is from the matters requiring determination [31:17]
وَ لا تُصَعِّرْ خَدَّكَ لِلنَّاسِ وَ لا تَمْشِ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَرَحاً إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ مُخْتالٍ فَخُورٍ
And do not puff your cheeks (arrogantly) towards the people, nor walk in the land proudly, surely Allah does not Love every self-conceited boaster [31:18]
وَ اقْصِدْ فِي مَشْيِكَ وَ اغْضُضْ مِنْ صَوْتِكَ إِنَّ أَنْكَرَ الْأَصْواتِ لَصَوْتُ الْحَمِيرِ
And be moderate in your walking and lower your voice; surely the most hateful of voices is the voice of the donkeys [31:19]
1- فس، تفسير القمي وَهْناً عَلى وَهْنٍ يَعْنِي ضَعْفاً عَلَى ضَعْفٍ
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ اتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ مَنْ أَنابَ إِلَيَ يَقُولُ اتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ مُحَمَّدٍ
And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: and follow the way of one who is penitent to Me [31:15], He-azwj is Saying: “Follow the way of Muhammad-saww’’.
قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثُمَّ عَطَفَ عَلَى خَبَرِ لُقْمَانَ وَ قِصَّتِهِ فَقَالَ يا بُنَيَّ إِنَّها إِنْ تَكُ مِثْقالَ حَبَّةٍ قَالَ مِنَ الرِّزْقِ يَأْتِيكَ بِهِ اللَّهُ قَوْلُهُ وَ لا تُصَعِّرْ خَدَّكَ لِلنَّاسِ أَيْ لَا تَذِلَّ لِلنَّاسِ طَمَعاً فِيمَا عِنْدَهُمْ وَ لا تَمْشِ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَرَحاً أَيْ فَرَحاً
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ لا تَمْشِ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَرَحاً يَقُولُ بِالْعَظَمَةِ
And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And do not puff your cheeks (arrogantly) towards the people [31:18], He-azwj is Saying: ‘With the greatness’’.[53]
وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ اقْصِدْ فِي مَشْيِكَ أَيْ لَا تَعْجَلْ وَ اغْضُضْ مِنْ صَوْتِكَ أَيْ لَا تَرْفَعْهُ
2- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ لُقْمَانَ وَ حِكْمَتِهِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Al Minqary, from Hamad who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about Luqman-as and his-as wisdom which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Mentioned.
فَقَالَ أَ مَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا أُوتِيَ لُقْمَانُ الْحِكْمَةَ بِحَسَبٍ وَ لَا مَالٍ وَ لَا أَهْلٍ وَ لَا بَسْطٍ فِي جِسْمٍ وَ لَا جَمَالٍ وَ لَكِنَّهُ كَانَ رَجُلًا قَوِيّاً فِي أَمْرِ اللَّهِ مُتَوَرِّعاً فِي اللَّهِ سَاكِتاً سَكِيناً عَمِيقَ النَّظَرِ طَوِيلَ الْفِكْرِ حَدِيدَ النَّظَرِ مُسْتَغْنٍ بِالْعِبَرِ لَمْ يَنَمْ نَهَاراً قَطُّ وَ لَمْ يَرَهُ أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَى بَوْلٍ وَ لَا غَائِطٍ وَ لَا اغْتِسَالٍ لِشِدَّةِ تَسَتُّرِهِ وَ عُمُوقِ نَظَرِهِ وَ تَحَفُّظِهِ فِي أَمْرِهِ
He-asws said: ‘But, and Allah-azwj did not Give Luqman-as the wisdom due to affiliation, nor wealth, nor family, nor development of the body, but he-as was a strong man regarding the Commands of Allah-azwj, hasty regarding Allah-azwj, silent, calm, of deep consideration, prolonged thinking, hard looks, needless with the lessons. He-as did not sleep during the day at all, and no one from the people saw him-as upon urination nor defecation nor bathing due to the intensity of his-as veiling and the depth of his-as consideration, and his-as preservation in his-as affairs.
وَ لَمْ يَضْحَكْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ قَطُّ مَخَافَةَ الْإِثْمِ وَ لَمْ يَغْضَبْ قَطُّ وَ لَمْ يُمَازِحْ إِنْسَاناً قَطُّ وَ لَمْ يَفْرَحْ لِشَيْءٍ إِنْ أَتَاهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ الدُّنْيَا وَ لَا حَزِنَ مِنْهَا عَلَى شَيْءٍ قَطُّ وَ قَدْ نَكَحَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ وَ وُلِدَ لَهُ الْأَوْلَادُ الْكَثِيرَةُ وَ قَدَّمَ أَكْثَرَهُمْ إِفْرَاطاً فَمَا بَكَى عَلَى مَوْتِ أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ
And he-as did not laugh from anything at all fearing the sin, and did not get angry at all, and did not joke with any human being at all, and was not happy to anything from the matters of the world if given to him-as, nor did he-as grieve upon anything at all. And he-as had married from the women and there were born for him-as a lot of children, and most of them died young, but he-as did not cry upon the death of anyone from them.
وَ لَمْ يَمُرَّ بِرَجُلَيْنِ يَخْتَصِمَانِ أَوْ يَقْتَتِلَانِ إِلَّا أَصْلَحَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ لَمْ يَمْضِ عَنْهُمَا حَتَّى تَحَاجَزَا وَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ قَوْلًا قَطُّ مِنْ أَحَدٍ اسْتَحْسَنَهُ إِلَّا سَأَلَ عَنْ تَفْسِيرِهِ وَ عَمَّنْ أَخَذَهُ وَ كَانَ يُكْثِرُ مُجَالَسَةَ الْفُقَهَاءِ وَ الْحُكَمَاءِ وَ كَانَ يَغْشَى الْقُضَاةَ وَ الْمُلُوكَ وَ السَّلَاطِينَ فَيَرْثِي لِلْقُضَاةِ مِمَّا ابْتُلُوا بِهِ
He-as did not pass by two men disputing or fighting except he-as reconciled between them, and did not go away from them until they had separated, and he-as did not listen any word at all from anyone, liking it, except he-as asked about its interpretation and from who he had taken it. And he-as frequented the gatherings of the jurists and the wise ones, and he-as would overcome the judges and the kings and the ruling authorities and postpone for the judges from when they had been trying him with.
وَ يَرْحَمُ الْمُلُوكَ وَ السَّلَاطِينَ لِغِرَّتِهِمْ بِاللَّهِ وَ طُمَأْنِينَتِهِمْ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ يَعْتَبِرُ وَ يَتَعَلَّمُ مَا يَغْلِبُ بِهِ نَفْسَهُ وَ يُجَاهِدُ بِهِ هَوَاهُ وَ يَحْتَرِزُ بِهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَ كَانَ يُدَاوِي قَلْبَهُ بِالتَّفَكُّرِ وَ يُدَارِي نَفْسَهُ بِالْعِبَرِ وَ كَانَ لَا يَظْعَنُ إِلَّا فِيمَا يَعْنِيهِ فَبِذَلِكَ أُوتِيَ الْحِكْمَةَ وَ مُنِحَ الْعِصْمَةَ
And he-as pitied the kings and the ruling authorities due to their being deceived with (Leniency of) Allah-azwj and their coveting regarding that, and he-as took lessons and learnt what he-as could overcome his-as self by it, and fight against his-as whims by it, and protect by it from the Satan-la; and he-as was curing his-as heart by the thinking, and curing his-as soul by the lessons, and he-as did not go somewhere except regarding what concerned him-as. Thus, due to that, he-as was Given the wisdom, and Granted infallibility.
وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَمَرَ طَوَائِفَ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ حِينَ انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ وَ هَدَأَتِ الْعُيُونُ بِالْقَائِلَةِ فَنَادَوْا لُقْمَانَ حَيْثُ يَسْمَعُ وَ لَا يَرَاهُمْ فَقَالُوا يَا لُقْمَانُ هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَكَ اللَّهُ خَلِيفَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ تَحْكُمْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ لُقْمَانُ إِنْ أَمَرَنِي رَبِّي بِذَلِكَ فَالسَّمْعَ وَ الطَّاعَةَ لِأَنَّهُ إِنْ فَعَلَ بِي ذَلِكَ أَعَانَنِي عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَّمَنِي وَ عَصَمَنِي وَ إِنْ هُوَ خَيَّرَنِي قَبِلْتُ الْعَافِيَةَ
And Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Commanded a group from the Angels when it was midday and the eyes had closed for the naps, so they called out to Luqman-as when they (people) could neither hear nor see them. They said, ‘O Luqman-as! Is it for you-as that Allah-azwj Makes you-as a Caliph in the earth judging between the people?’ Luqman-as said: ‘My-as Lord-azwj Commands me-as with that, so I-as shall listen and obey, because if He-azwj Does that with me-as, will Assist me-as upon it and Teach me-as and Protect me-as, and that He-azwj has Chosen me-as, I-as accept the well-being’.
فَقَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَا لُقْمَانُ لِمَ قَالَ لِأَنَّ الْحُكْمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِأَشَدِّ الْمَنَازِلِ مِنَ الدِّينِ وَ أَكْثَرُ فِتَناً وَ بَلَاءً مَا يُخْذَلُ وَ لَا يُعَانُ وَ يَغْشَاهُ الظُّلَمُ مِنْ كُلِّ مَكَانٍ وَ صَاحِبُهُ مِنْهُ بَيْنَ أَمْرَيْنِ إِنْ أَصَابَ فِيهِ الْحَقَّ فَبِالْحَرِيِّ أَنْ يَسْلَمَ وَ إِنْ أَخْطَأَ أَخْطَأَ طَرِيقَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ مَنْ يَكُنْ فِي الدُّنْيَا ذَلِيلًا وَ ضَعِيفاً كَانَ أَهْوَنَ عَلَيْهِ فِي الْمَعَادِ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِ حَكَماً سَرِيّاً شَرِيفاً وَ مَنِ اخْتَارَ الدُّنْيَا عَلَى الْآخِرَةِ يَخْسَرُهُمَا كِلْتَيْهِمَا تَزُولُ هَذِهِ وَ لَا تُدْرَكُ تِلْكَ
The Angels said: ‘O Luqman-as! Why?’ He-as said: ‘Because the judging between the people is the most difficult status from the religion, and most of the Fitna and affliction is (from) what is abandoned and not stood up for, and the injustice overcomes him from every place, and its owner is between two matters – If he attains the truth in it, so it is better if he submits, and if he errs, her errs on the path of the Paradise, and one who happens to be humiliated in the world and weakened, it would be easy upon him in the Hereafter than if he happens to be in it a judge, being a nobleman. And the one who chooses the world over the Hereafter, both of these would incur losses for him. This one will decline and he will not achieve that one’.
قَالَ فَتَعَجَّبَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ مِنْ حِكْمَتِهِ وَ اسْتَحْسَنَ الرَّحْمَنُ مَنْطِقَهُ فَلَمَّا أَمْسَى وَ أَخَذَ مَضْجَعَهُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الْحِكْمَةَ فَغَشَّاهُ بِهَا مِنْ قَرْنِهِ إِلَى قَدَمِهِ وَ هُوَ نَائِمٌ وَ غَطَّاهُ بِالْحِكْمَةِ غِطَاءً فَاسْتَيْقَظَ وَ هُوْ أَحْكَمُ النَّاسِ فِي زَمَانِهِ وَ خَرَجَ عَلَى النَّاسِ يَنْطِقُ بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَ يُبَيِّنُهَا فِيهَا
He-asws said: ‘The Angels were astounded from his-as wisdom, and the Beneficent Approved his-as talk. When it was evening, he-as took to his-as bed from the night. Allah-azwj Send down the wisdom unto him-as and overwhelmed him-as with it, from his-as head to his-as feet while he-as was asleep, and the wisdom covered him-as with a covering, and he-as was the wisest of the ones during his-as era, and he-as went out to the people speaking with the wisdom and explaining it during it’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا أُوتِيَ الْحُكْمَ وَ لَمْ يَقْبَلْهَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ فَنَادَتْ دَاوُدَ بِالْخِلَافَةِ فَقَبِلَهَا وَ لَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ فِيهَا بِشَرْطِ لُقْمَانَ فَأَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ الْخِلَافَةَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ ابْتُلِيَ فِيهَا غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ وَ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَهْوِي فِي الْخَطَاءِ يُقِيلُهُ اللَّهُ وَ يَغْفِرُ لَهُ
He-asws said: ‘When he-as was Given the rule and he-as did not accept it, Allah-azwj Commanded the Angels, so they called out at Dawood-as, and he-as accepted it and he-as was not stipulated in it with a condition of Luqman-as. Allah-azwj Gave him-as the Caliphate of the earth and he-as was Tried during it more than once, and (during) all that he-as fall into the mistake, Allah-azwj would Save him-as and Forgive him-as.
وَ كَانَ لُقْمَانُ يُكْثِرُ زِيَارَةَ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ يَعِظُهُ بِمَوَاعِظِهِ وَ حِكْمَتِهِ وَ فَضْلِ عِلْمِهِ وَ كَانَ يَقُولُ دَاوُدُ لَهُ طُوبَى لَكَ يَا لُقْمَانُ أُوتِيتَ الْحِكْمَةَ وَ صُرِفَتْ عَنْكَ الْبَلِيَّةُ وَ أُعْطِيَ دَاوُدُ الْخِلَافَةَ وَ ابْتُلِيَ بِالْخَطَاءِ وَ الْفِتْنَةِ
And Luqman-as used to frequently visit Dawood-as, and advise him-as with his-as advice and his-as wisdom and the grace of his-as knowledge, and Dawood-as was saying to him-as: ‘Beatitude to you-as, O Luqman-as! You-as are Given the Wisdom and the afflictions are Turned away from you-as, and Dawood-as is Given the Caliphate and is Tried by the mistakes and the Fitna’’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ إِذْ قالَ لُقْمانُ لِابْنِهِ وَ هُوَ يَعِظُهُ يا بُنَيَّ لا تُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ قَالَ فَوَعَظَ لُقْمَانُ ابْنَهُ بِآثَارٍ حَتَّى تَفَطَّرَ وَ انْشَقَّ وَ كَانَ فِيمَا وَعَظَهُ بِهِ يَا حَمَّادُ أَنْ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّكَ مُنْذُ سَقَطْتَ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا اسْتَدْبَرْتَهَا وَ اسْتَقْبَلْتَ الْآخِرَةَ فَدَارٌ أَنْتَ إِلَيْهَا تَسِيرُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ دَارٍ أَنْتَ عَنْهَا مُتَبَاعِدٌ
Then Abu Abdullah-asws said regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: And when Luqman said to his son, and he was advising him: ‘O my son! Do not associate with Allah, surely, the association is a gross injustice [31:13]: ‘Luqman-as advised his-as son with the effects until Iftaar (time to break a Fast) and split (redness of the sky). And it was among what he-as advised him with, O Hamad, is that he-as said: ‘Since I-as fell to the world, I-as turned my-as back to it and welcomed the Hereafter, so you (also) turn your back to it, it would become closer to you than a house you are far apart from it.
يَا بُنَيَّ جَالِسِ الْعُلَمَاءَ وَ ازْحَمْهُمْ بِرُكْبَتَيْكَ وَ لَا تُجَادِلْهُمْ فَيَمْنَعُوكَ وَ خُذْ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا بَلَاغاً وَ لَا تَرْفُضْهَا فَتَكُونَ عِيَالًا عَلَى النَّاسِ وَ لَا تَدْخُلْ فِيهَا دُخُولًا يُضِرُّ بِآخِرَتِكَ وَ صُمْ صَوْماً يَقْطَعُ شَهْوَتَكَ وَ لَا تَصُمْ صِيَاماً يَمْنَعُكَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ أَحَبُّ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنَ الصِّيَامِ
O my-as son! Sit with the scholars and throng them with your knees and do not contend with them for they will prevent you; and take from the world the simple things needed in life, and do not reject it for you will become dependent upon the people; and do not enter in it any entrance harming your Hereafter; and Fast a Fast to cut your desires, and do not Fast the Fasts preventing you from the Salat, for the Salat is more Beloved to Allah-azwj than the Fasts are.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ الدُّنْيَا بَحْرٌ عَمِيقٌ قَدْ هَلَكَ فِيهَا عَالَمٌ كَثِيرٌ فَاجْعَلْ سَفِينَتَكَ فِيهَا الْإِيمَانَ وَ اجْعَلْ شِرَاعَهَا التَّوَكُّلَ وَ اجْعَلْ زَادَكَ فِيهَا تَقْوَى اللَّهِ فَإِنْ نَجَوْتَ فَبِرَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ وَ إِنْ هَلَكْتَ فَبِذُنُوبِكَ
O my-as son! The world is a deep ocean, a lot of scholar were destroyed in it, therefore hasten your ship of the Eman in it, and make the reliance (upon Allah-azwj) as its sails, and make fear of Allah-azwj as your provision in it, so if you are saved, it would be by the Mercy of Allah-azwj, and if you are destroyed, it would be due to your sins.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنْ تَأَدَّبْتَ صَغِيراً انْتَفَعْتَ بِهِ كَبِيراً وَ مَنْ عَنَى بِالْأَدَبِ اهْتَمَّ بِهِ وَ مَنِ اهْتَمَّ بِهِ تَكَلَّفَ عِلْمَهُ وَ مَنْ تَكَلَّفَ عِلْمَهُ اشْتَدَّ لَهُ طَلَبُهُ وَ مَنِ اشْتَدَّ لَهُ طَلَبُهُ أَدْرَكَ مَنْفَعَتَهُ فَاتَّخِذْهُ عَادَةً فَإِنَّكَ تَخْلُفُ فِي سَلَفِكَ وَ تَنْفَعُ بِهِ خَلْفَكَ وَ يَرْتَجِيكَ فِيهِ رَاغِبٌ وَ يَخْشَى صَوْلَتَكَ رَاهِبٌ
O my-as son! If you are educated when young you will benefit with it when older; and the one who aspires with the education will concentrate on it, and the one who concentrate in it would encumber its knowledge, and one who encumbers its knowledge will intensify for seeking it, and the one who intensifies its seeking would achieve its benefits, therefore take it as a habit, for you will it behind among the ones behind you, and a desirous one will be satisfied with it, and a monk will fear arriving to you.
وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ الْكَسَلَ عَنْهُ بِالطَّلَبِ لِغَيْرِهِ فَإِنْ غُلِبْتَ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا فَلَا تُغْلَبَنَّ عَلَى الْآخِرَةِ فَإِذَا فَاتَكَ طَلَبُ الْعِلْمِ فِي مَظَانِّهِ فَقَدْ غُلِبْتَ عَلَى الْآخِرَةِ وَ اجْعَلْ فِي أَيَّامِكَ وَ لَيَالِيكَ وَ سَاعَاتِكَ لِنَفْسِكَ نَصِيباً فِي طَلَبِ الْعِلْمِ فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تَجِدْ لَهُ تَضْيِيعاً أَشَدَّ مِنْ تَرْكِهِ
And beware of the laziness from it with seeking something else, for it you overcome upon the world, then you will not overcome upon the Hereafter. When you miss it, seek the knowledge in its habitat and you will overcome upon the hereafter; and make a share to be for yourself during your days and your nights in seeking the knowledge, so if you cannot find a wastage for it more severe than neglecting it.
وَ لَا تُمَارِيَنَّ فِيهِ لَجُوجاً وَ لَا تُجَادِلَنَّ فَقِيهاً وَ لَا تُعَادِيَنَّ سُلْطَاناً وَ لَا تُمَاشِيَنَّ ظَلُوماً وَ لَا تُصَادِقَنَّهُ وَ لَا تُؤَاخِيَنَّ فَاسِقاً وَ لَا تُصَاحِبَنَّ مُتَّهَماً وَ اخْزُنْ عِلْمَكَ كَمَا تَخْزُنُ وَرِقَكَ
Do not exercise the insistence in it, nor contend a jurist, nor make an enemy of a ruling authority, and do not walk in the darkness, nor associate it, nor be a brother of an immoral one, nor accompany a slanderer; and treasure your knowledge just as you treasure your silver.
يَا بُنَيَّ خَفِ اللَّهَ خَوْفاً لَوْ أَتَيْتَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِبِرِّ الثَّقَلَيْنِ خِفْتَ أَنْ يُعَذِّبَكَ وَ ارْجُ اللَّهَ رَجَاءً لَوْ وَافَيْتَ الْقِيَامَةَ بِإِثْمِ الثَّقَلَيْنِ رَجَوْتَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَكَ
O my-as son! Fear Allah-azwj with such a fear, if you were to come on the Day of Qiyamah with (all the) righteousness of the jinn and the humans you would fear Him-azwj Punishing you; and hope to Allah-azwj with such a hope, if you were to be (on the Day of) Qiyamah with (all) the sins of the jinn and the humans you will hope that He-azwj will Forgive you’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُهُ يَا أَبَتِ وَ كَيْفَ أُطِيقُ هَذَا وَ إِنَّمَا لِي قَلْبٌ وَاحِدٌ
His-as said to him, ‘O father-as! And can I bear this, and rather for me there is (only) one heart?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ لُقْمَانُ يَا بُنَيَّ لَوِ اسْتُخْرِجَ قَلْبُ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَشُقَّ لَوُجِدَ فِيهِ نُورَانِ نُورٌ لِلْخَوْفِ وَ نُورٌ لِلرَّجَاءِ لَوْ وُزِنَا مَا رُجِّحَ أَحَدُهُمَا عَلَى الْآخَرِ بِمِثْقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ
Luqman-as said to him: ‘O my-as son! If you extract a heart of the Momin and split it, you will find two lights in it – a light of the fear and a light of the hope, if these two were to be weight, not one of them would outweigh the other by the weight of a particle.
فَمَنْ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ يُصَدِّقُ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ وَ مَنْ يُصَدِّقُ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ يَفْعَلُ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ لَمْ يُصَدِّقْ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ فَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الْأَخْلَاقُ يَشْهَدُ بَعْضُهَا لِبَعْضٍ
The one who believes in Allah-azwj ratify what Allah-azwj Says, and one who ratifies what Allah-azwj Says will do what Allah-azwj Commands, and one who does not do what Allah-azwj Commands had not ratified what Allah-azwj Says, for these two mannerisms testify upon each other.
فَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ إِيمَاناً صَادِقاً يَعْمَلْ لِلَّهِ خَالِصاً نَاصِحاً وَ مَنْ يَعْمَلْ لِلَّهِ خَالِصاً نَاصِحاً فَقَدْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ صَادِقاً
The one who believes in Allah-azwj, a true Eman, will work sincerely for Allah-azwj, advising, and the one who works sincerely advising for Allah-azwj has believed in Allah-azwj sincerely.
وَ مَنْ يُطِعِ اللَّهَ خَافَهُ وَ مَنْ خَافَهُ فَقَدْ أَحَبَّهُ وَ مَنْ أَحَبَّهُ اتَّبَعَ أَمْرَهُ وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ أَمْرَهُ اسْتَوْجَبَ جَنَّتَهُ وَ مَرْضَاتَهُ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَتَّبِعْ رِضْوَانَ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ هَانَ سَخَطَهُ نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ سَخَطِ اللَّهِ
And one who obeys Allah-azwj will fear Him-azwj, and one who fears Him-azwj so he has Loved Him-azwj, and one who loves Him-azwj will follow His-azwj Commands, and one who follows His-azwj Commands, His-azwj Paradise and His-azwj Pleasure would be Obligated for him. And one who does not follow the Pleasures of Allah-azwj, has released His-azwj Wrath upon him. We seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the Wrath of Allah-azwj.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَرْكَنْ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا وَ لَا تَشْغَلْ قَلْبَكَ بِهَا فَمَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ خَلْقاً هُوَ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهَا أَ لَا تَرَى أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ نَعِيمَهَا ثَوَاباً لِلْمُطِيعِينَ وَ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ بَلَاءَهَا عُقُوبَةً لِلْعَاصِينَ
O my-as son! Do not incline towards the world, and do not pre-occupy your heart with it, for Allah-azwj has not Created any creation which is lesser to Him-azwj than it. Do you not see that He-azwj did not Make its bounties as a Reward for the obedient ones, and did not Makes its calamities as a Punishment for the disobedient ones?’’.[54]
3- لي، الأمالي للصدوق ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسَانِيِّ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ فِيمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ لُقْمَانُ ابْنَهُ نَاتَانَ أَنْ قَالَ لَهُ يَا بُنَيَّ لِيَكُنْ مِمَّا تَتَسَلَّحُ بِهِ عَلَى عَدُوِّكَ فَتَصْرَعُهُ الْمُمَاسَحَةُ وَ إِعْلَانُ الرِّضَا عَنْهُ وَ لَا تُزَاوِلْهُ بِالْمُجَانَبَةِ فَيَبْدُوَ لَهُ مَا فِي نَفْسِكَ فَيَتَأَهَّبَ لَكَ
‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Sa’ad Abady, from Al Barqy, from Al Qasany, from Al Minqary, from Hamad Bin Isa,
‘From Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws: ‘Among what Luqman-as advised his-as son Natan with is that he-as said to him: ‘O my-as son! Let yourself become from what your arm with against your enemy, so you knock him down with the softness of the words and announce of the agreement from him, and do not practise with the delinquency for you will manifest to him what is within yourself and he will be ready for you.
يَا بُنَيَّ خَفِ اللَّهَ خَوْفاً لَوْ وَافَيْتَهُ بِبِرِّ الثَّقَلَيْنِ خِفْتَ أَنْ يُعَذِّبَكَ اللَّهُ وَ ارْجُ اللَّهَ رَجَاءً لَوْ وَافَيْتَهُ بِذُنُوبِ الثَّقَلَيْنِ رَجَوْتَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَكَ
O my-as son! Fear Allah-azwj with such a fear, if you were meet Him-azwj with the righteousness of the jinn and the humans, you would fear that He-azwj Mighty Punish you, and hope to Allah-azwj with such a hope, if you were to meet Him-azwj with the sins of the jinn and the human, you will hope that He-azwj mighty Forgive you.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي حَمَلْتُ الْجَنْدَلَ وَ الْحَدِيدَ وَ كُلَّ حِمْلٍ ثَقِيلٍ فَلَمْ أَحْمِلْ شَيْئاً أَثْقَلَ مِنْ جَارِ السَّوْءِ وَ ذُقْتُ الْمَرَارَاتِ كُلَّهَا فَلَمْ أَذُقْ شَيْئاً أَمَرَّ مِنَ الْفَقْرِ
O my-as son! I-as have carried the rock and the iron, and every heavy burden, but I-as did not carry anything heavier than the evil neighbour, and I-as have tasted all of the bitterness, but did not taste anything more bitter than the poverty’’.[55]
4- لي، الأمالي للصدوق أَبِي عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ وَ لَمْ يَحْفَظِ الْحُسَيْنُ الْإِسْنَادَ قَالَ قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لِابْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ اتَّخِذْ أَلْفَ صَدِيقٍ وَ أَلْفٌ قَلِيلٌ وَ لَا تَتَّخِذْ عَدُوّاً وَاحِداً وَ الْوَاحِدُ كَثِيرٌ
‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq = My father, from Al-Husayn Bin Musa, from Al Safar and Al-Husayn did not preserve the chain, said,
‘Luqman-as said to his-as son: ‘O my-as son! Take a thousand friend, and even a thousand is too few, and do not take a single enemy, and the one is too many’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ
| تَكَثَّرْ مِنَ الْإِخْوَانِ مَا اسْطَعْتَ إِنَّهُمْ | عِمَادٌ إِذَا مَا اسْتُنْجِدُوا وَ ظُهُورٌ | |
| وَ لَيْسَ كَثِيراً أَلْفُ خِلٍّ وَ صَاحِبٍ | وَ إِنَّ عَدُوّاً وَاحِداً لَكَثِيرٌ |
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said (a poem): ‘Multiply from the brethren whatever you are able to, they are a pillar when you seek the assistance and the back-up, and a thousand friend and companions are not a lot, and that a single enemy is too many’’.[56]
5- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْأَصْفَهَانِيِّ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَانَ فِيمَا وَعَظَ بِهِ لُقْمَانُ ابْنَهُ أَنْ قَالَ لَهُ يَا بُنَيَّ لِيَعْتَبِرْ مَنْ قَصُرَ يَقِينُهُ وَ ضَعُفَتْ نِيَّتُهُ فِي طَلَبِ الرِّزْقِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَهُ فِي ثَلَاثَةِ أَحْوَالٍ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ وَ أَتَاهُ رِزْقُهُ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ فِي وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهَا كَسْبٌ وَ لَا حِيلَةٌ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى سَيَرْزُقُهُ فِي الْحَالِ الرَّابِعَةِ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Isfahany, from Al Minqary, from Hamad Bin Isa,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘It was among what Luqman-as advised his-as son with, is that he-as said to him: ‘O my-as son! Let him learn lessons from the deficiency of his conviction and weakness of his intention in seeking the sustenance. Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Created him in three states from his affairs and Gave him his sustenance and there did not happen to be for him in any one from these, any earning nor a means. Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted will be Sustaining him in the fourth state.
أَمَّا أَوَّلُ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ فِي رَحِمِ أُمِّهِ يَرْزُقُهُ هُنَاكَ فِي قَرَارٍ مَكِينٍ حَيْثُ لَا يُؤْذِيهِ حَرٌّ وَ لَا بَرْدٌ ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ أَجْرَى لَهُ رِزْقاً مِنْ لَبَنِ أُمِّهِ يَكْفِيهِ بِهِ وَ يُرَبِّيهِ وَ يَنْعَشُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ حَوْلٍ بِهِ وَ لَا قُوَّةٍ
As for the first of that, it was in the womb of his mother, he was sustained over there in a tranquil dwelling where he was not harmed by the heat nor the cold. Then He-azwj Extracted him from that and Flowed sustenance for him from the milk of his mother, sufficing him with it and nourished by it and growing him from without there being might with him nor strength.
ثُمَّ فُطِمَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَجْرَى لَهُ رِزْقاً مِنْ كَسْبِ أَبَوَيْهِ بِرَأْفَةٍ وَ رَحْمَةٍ لَهُ مِنْ قُلُوبِهِمَا لَا يَمْلِكَانِ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى إِنَّهُمَا يُؤْثِرَانِهِ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمَا فِي أَحْوَالٍ كَثِيرَةٍ حَتَّى إِذَا كَبِرَ وَ عَقَلَ وَ اكْتَسَبَ لِنَفْسِهِ ضَاقَ بِهِ أَمْرُهُ وَ ظَنَّ الظُّنُونَ بِرَبِّهِ وَ جَحَدَ الْحُقُوقَ فِي مَالِهِ وَ قَتَّرَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ عِيَالِهِ مَخَافَةَ إِقْتَارِ رِزْقٍ وَ سُوءِ يَقِينٍ بِالْخُلْفِ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي الْعَاجِلِ وَ الْآجِلِ فَبِئْسَ الْعَبْدُ هَذَا يَا بُنَيَ
Then weaning from that, so the sustenance flowed for him from earnings of his parents with kindness and mercy to him from their hearts, not controlling other than that until they were preferring him upon their own selves in many situations, until when he was old and had intellect and could earn for himself, his affairs was straitened with him, he thought (bad) thoughts with his Lord and rejected the rights in his wealth, and was stingy upon himself and his dependants fearing the depletion of the sustenance, and had evil convictions with the replacement from Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted in the near-term and the future. This one is an evil servant, O my-as son!’’.[57]
6- ب، قرب الإسناد هَارُونُ عَنِ ابْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قِيلَ لِلُقْمَانَ مَا الَّذِي أَجْمَعْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ حِكْمَتِكَ قَالَ قَالَ لَا أَتَكَلَّفُ مَا قَدْ كُفِيتُهُ وَ لَا أُضِيعُ مَا وُلِّيتُهُ
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Haroun, from Ibn Sadaqa,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘It was said to Luqman-as, ‘What is that which there is a consensus upon it from your-as wisdom?’ He-as said: ‘I-as will not encumber what has been sufficient, and not waste what follows it’’.[58]
7- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنِ ابْنِ قُولَوَيْهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنِ الْأَصْفَهَانِيِّ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ فِيمَا وَعَظَ لُقْمَانُ ابْنَهُ أَنْ قَالَ لَهُ يَا بُنَيَّ اجْعَلْ فِي أَيَّامِكَ وَ لَيَالِيكَ وَ سَاعَاتِكَ نَصِيباً لَكَ فِي طَلَبِ الْعِلْمِ فَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تَجِدَ لَهُ تَضْيِيعاً مِثْلَ تَرْكِهِ
‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Ibn Qawlawiya, from Ibn Aamir, from Al Isfahany, from al Minqary, from Hamad Bin Isa,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘It was among what Luqman-as advised his-as son is that he-as said to him: ‘O my-as son! Make a share to be for you during your days and your times in seeking the knowledge, for you will never find for it a wastage like neglecting it’’.[59]
8- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْأَصْفَهَانِيِّ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لِابْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلَامَةٌ يُعْرَفُ بِهَا وَ يُشْهَدُ عَلَيْهَا وَ إِنَّ لِلدِّينِ ثَلَاثَ عَلَامَاتٍ الْعِلْمَ وَ الْإِيمَانَ وَ الْعَمَلَ بِهِ وَ لِلْإِيمَانِ ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ الْإِيمَانُ بِاللَّهِ وَ كُتُبِهِ وَ رُسُلِهِ
‘Al-Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Isfahany, from Al Minqary, from hamad Bin Isa,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Luqman-as said to his-as son: ‘O my-as son! For every thing there is a sign it is recognised with and it testifies upon it, and that for the Religion there are three signs – the knowledge and the Eman and the acting with it. And for the Eman there are three signs – the belief in Allah-azwj and (in) His-azwj Books and (in) His-azwj Rasools-as.
وَ لِلْعَالِمِ ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ الْعِلْمُ بِاللَّهِ وَ بِمَا يُحِبُّ وَ مَا يَكْرَهُ وَ لِلْعَامِلِ ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ الصَّلَاةُ وَ الصِّيَامُ وَ الزَّكَاةُ وَ لِلْمُتَكَلِّفِ ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ يُنَازِعُ مَنْ فَوْقَهُ وَ يَقُولُ مَا لَا يَعْلَمُ وَ يَتَعَاطَى مَا لَا يَنَالُ وَ لِلظَّالِمِ ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ يَظْلِمُ مَنْ فَوْقَهُ بِالْمَعْصِيَةِ وَ مَنْ دُونَهُ بِالْغَلَبَةِ وَ يُعِينُ الظَّلَمَةَ
And for the scholar there are three signs – the knowledge of Allah-azwj, of what He-azwj Loves and what He-azwj Dislikes; and for the worker there are three signs – the Salat and the Fast and the Zakat; and for the pretender there are three signs – he contends with the one above him, and says what he does not know, and he comes to what he cannot attain; and for the unjust there are three signs – he oppresses the ones above him with the disobedience, and the ones below him with the overcoming, and assist the injustice.
وَ لِلْمُنَافِقِ ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ يُخَالِفُ لِسَانُهُ قَلْبَهُ وَ قَلْبُهُ فِعْلَهُ وَ عَلَانِيَتُهُ سَرِيرَتَهُ وَ لِلْآثِمِ ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ يَخُونُ وَ يَكْذِبُ وَ يُخَالِفُ مَا يَقُولُ وَ لِلْمُرَائِي ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ يَكْسَلُ إِذَا كَانَ وَحْدَهُ وَ يَنْشَطُ إِذَا كَانَ النَّاسُ عِنْدَهُ وَ يَتَعَرَّضُ فِي كُلِّ أَمْرٍ لِلْمَحْمَدَةِ وَ لِلْحَاسِدِ ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ يَغْتَابُ إِذَا غَابَ وَ يَتَمَلَّقُ إِذَا شَهِدَ وَ يَشْمَتُ بِالْمُصِيبَةِ
And for the hypocrite there are three signs – his tongue opposes his heart, and his hear his heeds, and his public (actions) his secret ones; and for the sinner there are three signs – he betrays, and he lies, and he opposes what he says; and for the show-off there are three signs – he is lazy when he is alone, and is active when the people are in his presence, and he present to the praising during every matter; and for the envious there are three signs – he backbites when absent, and flatters when present, and gloats with the difficulties.
وَ لِلْمُسْرِفِ ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ يَشْتَرِي مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ وَ يَلْبَسُ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ وَ يَأْكُلُ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ وَ لِلْكَسْلَانِ ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ يَتَوَانَى حَتَّى يُفَرِّطَ وَ يُفَرِّطُ حَتَّى يُضَيِّعَ وَ يُضَيِّعُ حَتَّى يَأْثَمَ وَ لِلْغَافِلِ ثَلَاثُ عَلَامَاتٍ السَّهْوُ وَ اللَّهْوُ وَ النِّسْيَانُ
And for the extravagant there are three signs – he buys what isn’t for him, and wears what isn’t for him, and eats what isn’t for him; and for the lazy there are three signs – he is slow until he overdoes it, and he overdoes it until he wastes, and he wastes until he sins; and for the heedless there are three signs – the oversight, and the vanities, and the forgetfulness’.
قَالَ حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْعَلَامَاتِ شُعَبٌ يَبْلُغُ الْعِلْمُ بِهَا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ أَلْفِ بَابٍ وَ أَلْفِ بَابٍ وَ أَلْفِ بَابٍ فَكُنْ يَا حَمَّادُ طَالِباً لِلْعِلْمِ فِي آنَاءِ اللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهَارِ فَإِنْ أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَقِرَّ عَيْنُكَ وَ تَنَالَ خَيْرَ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ فَاقْطَعِ الطَّمَعَ مِمَّا فِي أَيْدِي النَّاسِ وَ عُدَّ نَفْسَكَ فِي الْمَوْتَى وَ لَا تُحَدِّثْ لِنَفْسِكَ أَنَّكَ فَوْقَ أَحَدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَ اخْزُنْ لِسَانَكَ كَمَا تَخْزُنُ مَالَكَ
Hamad Bin Isa said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And for each one of these signs there is a branch, the knowledge can reach with it to more than a thousand doors, and thousand doors, and a thousand doors, therefore, O Hamad, become seeking the knowledge during the hours of the night and the day, so if you want to delight your eyes and attain the good of the world and the Hereafter, then cut the coveting from what is in the hands of the people, and prepare yourself regarding the death, and do not discuss with yourself that you are above anyone from the people, and treasure your tongue just as you treasure your wealth’’.[60]
9- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لِابْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ صَاحِبْ مِائَةً وَ لَا تُعَادِ وَاحِداً يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّمَا هُوَ خَلَاقُكَ وَ خُلُقُكَ فَخَلَاقُكَ دِينُكَ وَ خُلُقُكَ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَلَا تَبْتَغِضْ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ تَعَلَّمْ مَحَاسِنَ الْأَخْلَاقِ
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – My father, from Sa’ad Bin Al Barqy who said,
‘Luqman-as said to his-as son: ‘O my-as son! Be a companion of a hundred and do not be inimical to even one. O my-as son! But rather it is your character and your morals. Your character is your religion, and your morals are beteen you and the people. Do not make yourself hateful to them and learn the excellent mannerisms.
يَا بُنَيَّ كُنْ عَبْداً لِلْأَخْيَارِ وَ لَا تَكُنْ وَلَداً لِلْأَشْرَارِ
O my-as son! Be a servant of the good people and do not be a son of the evil ones.
يَا بُنَيَّ أَدِّ الْأَمَانَةَ تَسْلَمْ لَكَ دُنْيَاكَ وَ آخِرَتُكَ وَ كُنْ أَمِيناً تَكُنْ غَنِيّاً
O my son! Fulfill the entrustments, your world and your Hereafter will be safe for you, and be trustworthy, you will become rich’’.[61]
10- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ لُقْمَانُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ لِابْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ الدُّنْيَا بَحْرٌ وَ قَدْ غَرِقَ فِيهَا جِيلٌ كَثِيرٌ فَلْتَكُنْ سَفِينَتُكَ فِيهَا تَقْوَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ لْيَكُنْ جِسْرُكَ إِيمَاناً بِاللَّهِ وَ لْيَكُنْ شِرَاعُهَا التَّوَكُّلَ لَعَلَّكَ يَا بُنَيَّ تَنْجُو وَ مَا أَظُنُّكَ نَاجِياً
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from his father, from Dorost, from Ibrahim Bin Abdul Hameed,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘Luqman-as was saying to his-as son: ‘O my-as son! The world is a deep ocean and many generations have drowned in it, so let fear of Allah-azwj the Exalted be your ship in it, and let belief in Allah-azwj be your embankment, and let the reliance (upon Allah-azwj) be its sails, O my-as son, perhaps you will be saved, and I-as don’t think you as being saved!
يَا بُنَيَّ كَيْفَ لَا يَخَافُ النَّاسُ مَا يُوعَدُونَ وَ هُمْ يَنْتَقِصُونَ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ كَيْفَ لَا يَعِدُّ لِمَا يُوعَدُ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ أَجَلٌ يَنْفَدُ
O my-as son! How can one not fear the people of what they are promising and they are being deficient during every day, and how can one not prepare for what he is Promised, one who has a depleting term for him.
يَا بُنَيَّ خُذْ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا بُلْغَةً وَ لَا تَدْخُلْ فِيهَا دُخُولًا تُضِرُّ فِيهَا بِآخِرَتِكَ وَ لَا تَرْفُضْهَا فَتَكُونَ عِيَالًا عَلَى النَّاسِ وَ صُمْ صِيَاماً يَقْطَعُ شَهْوَتَكَ وَ لَا تَصُمْ صِيَاماً يَمْنَعُكَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ أَعْظَمُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنَ الصَّوْمِ
O my-as son! Take from the world simple things needed in life, and do not enter in it an entrance harming your Hereafter in it, nor reject it for you will become dependent upon the people, and Fast the Fasts to cut your desires and do not Fast the Fasts preventing you from the Salat, for the Salat is greater in the Presence of Allah-azwj than the Fast.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَتَعَلَّمِ الْعِلْمَ لِتُبَاهِيَ بِهِ الْعُلَمَاءَ أَوْ تُمَارِيَ بِهِ السُّفَهَاءَ أَوْ تُرَائِيَ بِهِ فِي الْمَجَالِسِ وَ لَا تَتْرُكِ الْعِلْمَ زَهَادَةً فِيهِ وَ رَغْبَةً فِي الْجَهَالَةِ
O my-as son! Do not learn the knowledge to boast to the scholars with it, or quarrel with the foolish ones with it, or show-off with it in the gathering, nor neglect the knowledge being abstemious regarding it and being desirous regarding the ignorance.
يَا بُنَيَّ اخْتَرِ الْمَجَالِسَ عَلَى عَيْنَيْكَ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ قَوْماً يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ فَاجْلِسْ إِلَيْهِمْ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ تَكُنْ عَالِماً يَنْفَعْكَ عِلْمُكَ وَ يَزِيدُوكَ عِلْماً وَ إِنْ تَكُنْ جَاهِلًا يُعَلِّمُوكَ وَ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَنْ يُظِلَّهُمْ بِرَحْمَةٍ فَيَعُمَّكَ مَعَهُمْ
O my-as son! Choose the gathering by your eyes, so if you see a people mentioning Allah-azwj, then sit with them, so if you happen to be knowledgeable, your knowledge will benefit you and they will increase you in knowledge, and if you happen to be ignorant, they will teach you, and perhaps Allah-azwj the Exalted would Shade them with Mercy, and Generalise you with them’’.
وَ قَالَ قِيلَ لِلُقْمَانَ مَا يَجْمَعُ مِنْ حِكْمَتِكَ قَالَ لَا أَسْأَلُ عَمَّا كُفِيْتُهُ وَ لَا أَتَكَلَّفُ مَا لَا يَعْنِينِي
And he-asws said: ‘It was said to Luqman-as, ‘What is a summary from your-as wisdom?’ He-as said: ‘I-as shall not ask about what I-as am sufficed with, nor encumber what does not concern me-as’’.[62]
11- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ فِيمَا وَعَظَ بِهِ لُقْمَانُ ابْنَهُ أَنْ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنْ تَكُ فِي شَكٍّ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ فَارْفَعْ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ النَّوْمَ وَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ فِي شَكٍّ مِنَ الْبَعْثِ فَادْفَعْ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ الِانْتِبَاهَ وَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا فَكَّرْتَ فِي هَذَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ نَفْسَكَ بِيَدِ غَيْرِكَ وَ إِنَّمَا النَّوْمُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمَوْتِ وَ إِنَّمَا الْيَقَظَةُ بَعْدَ النَّوْمِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By this chain from Ibn Isa, from Al-Husayn, from his brother, from his father, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘It was among what Luqman-as advised his-as son with is that he-as said: ‘O my-as son! If you are in doubt from the death then raise the sleep from yourself (try not to sleep at all), and you will never be able to do that; and if you are in doubt about the Resurrection, then repel the wakefulness from yourself, and you will never be able to do that. So, if you were to think regarding this, you will know that your soul is in the hands someone else, and rather the sleep is as the status of the death, and rather the wakefulness after the sleep is at the status of the Resurrection after the death’.
وَ قَالَ قَالَ لُقْمَانُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَقْتَرِبْ فَيَكُونَ أَبْعَدَ لَكَ وَ لَا تَبْعُدْ فَتُهَانَ كُلُّ دَابَّةٍ تُحِبُّ مِثْلَهَا وَ ابْنُ آدَمَ لَا يُحِبُّ مِثْلَهُ لَا تَنْشُرْ بَزَّكَ إِلَّا عِنْدَ بَاغِيهِ وَ كَمَا لَيْسَ بَيْنَ الْكَبْشِ وَ الذِّئْبِ خُلَّةٌ كَذَلِكَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَ الْبَارِّ وَ الْفَاجِرِ خُلَّةٌ
And he-asws said: ‘Luqman-as said: ‘O my-as son! Do not go near (the people) for it will be far for you, and do not be remote (from it) for you will be humbled; every animal loves it’s like and the son of Adam-as does not like his like? Do not display your knowledge except to its seeker; and just as there isn’t any privacy between the sheep and the wolf, like that there isn’t any privacy between the righteous and the immoral.
مَنْ يَقْتَرِبْ مِنَ الزِّفْتِ تَعَلَّقَ كَذَلِكَ مَنْ يُشَارِكِ الْفَاجِرَ يَتَعَلَّمْ مِنْ طُرُقِهِ مَنْ يُحِبَّ الْمِرَاءَ يُشْتَمْ وَ مَنْ يَدْخُلْ مَدْخَلَ السَّوْءِ يُتَّهَمْ وَ مَنْ يُقَارِنْ قَرِينَ السَّوْءِ لَا يَسْلَمْ وَ مَنْ لَا يَمْلِكْ لِسَانَهُ يَنْدَمْ
One who goes near the bitumen will get stuck, like that the one who participates the immoral one would learn from his ways. One who loves the bitter argument would be reviled, and one who enters an evil entrance would be accused; and one who pairs with the evil pairing will not be safe, and one who does not control his tongue will regret’.
وَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ صَاحِبْ مِائَةً وَ لَا تُعَادِ وَاحِداً يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّمَا هُوَ خَلَاقُكَ وَ خُلُقُكَ فَخَلَاقُكَ دِينُكَ وَ خُلُقُكَ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَلَا تُبْغِضَنَّ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ تَعَلَّمْ مَحَاسِنَ الْأَخْلَاقِ
And he-asws said: ‘O my-as son! Be a companion (likable) of a hundred and do not be inimical to one. O my-as son! But rather, it is your nature and your manner. Your nature is your Religion and your manner is between you and the people, so do not be hateful to them, and learn the good mannerisms.
يَا بُنَيَّ كُنْ عَبْداً لِلْأَخْيَارِ وَ لَا تَكُنْ وَلَداً لِلْأَشْرَارِ يَا بُنَيَّ أَدِّ الْأَمَانَةَ تَسْلَمْ دُنْيَاكَ وَ آخِرَتُكَ وَ كُنْ أَمِيناً فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى جَلَّ وَ عَلَا لَا يُحِبُّ الْخَائِنِينَ يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُرِ النَّاسَ أَنَّكَ تَخْشَى اللَّهَ وَ قَلْبُكَ فَاجِرٌ
O my-as son! Become a slave of the good ones and do not become a child of the evil ones. O my-as son! Fulfil your entrustments to secure your Religion and your Hereafter, and be trustworthy, for Allah-azwj the Exalted, Majestic and Lofty does not Love the treacherous. O my-as son! Do not show the people that you fear Allah-azwj and your heart is immoral’’.[63]
12- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا وَعَظَ لُقْمَانُ ابْنَهُ فَقَالَ أَنَا مُنْذُ سَقَطْتُ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا اسْتَدْبَرْتُ وَ اسْتَقْبَلْتُ الْآخِرَةَ فَدَارٌ أَنْتَ إِلَيْهَا تَسِيرُ أَقْرَبُ مِنْ دَارٍ أَنْتَ مِنْهَا مُتَبَاعِدٌ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to al Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Al Isbahany, from Al Minqary, from Hamad bin Isa,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘‘Since I-as fell to the world, I-as turned my-as back to it and welcomed the Hereafter, so you (also) turn your back to it, it would become closer to you than a house you are far apart from it.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَطْلُبْ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ مُدْبِراً وَ لَا تَرْفُضْ مِنْهُ مُقْبِلًا فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُضِلُّ الرَّأْيَ وَ يُزْرِي بِالْعَقْلِ يَا بُنَيَّ لِيَكُنْ مِمَّا تَسْتَظْهِرُ بِهِ عَلَى عَدُوِّكَ الْوَرَعُ عَنِ الْمَحَارِمِ وَ الْفَضْلُ فِي دِينِكَ وَ الصِّيَانَةُ لِمُرُوَّتِكَ وَ الْإِكْرَامُ لِنَفْسِكَ أَنْ تُدَنِّسَهَا بِمَعَاصِي الرَّحْمَنِ وَ مَسَاوِي الْأَخْلَاقِ وَ قَبِيحِ الْأَفْعَالِ
O my-as son! Do not seek from the matter backwards, nor reject from it facing, for in that is misleading of the opinion and confusion in the mind. O my-as son! Let it be from what you are manifesting with upon your enemy, the devoutness from the Prohibitions, and the merit in your Religion, and the maintenance of your strength, and the honouring for yourself from dirtying it with disobeying the beneficent and evil manners and ugly deeds.
وَ اكْتُمْ سِرَّكَ وَ أَحْسِنْ سَرِيرَتَكَ فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ أَمِنْتَ بِسِتْرِ اللَّهِ أَنْ يُصِيبَ عَدُوُّكَ مِنْكَ عَوْرَةً أَوْ يَقْدِرَ مِنْكَ عَلَى زَلَّةٍ وَ لَا تَأْمَنَنَّ مَكْرَهُ فَيُصِيبَ مِنْكَ غِرَّةً فِي بَعْضِ حَالاتِكَ وَ إِذَا اسْتَمْكَنَ مِنْكَ وَثَبَ عَلَيْكَ وَ لَمْ يُقِلْكَ عَثْرَةً وَ لْيَكُنْ مِمَّا تَتَسَلَّحُ بِهِ عَلَى عَدُوِّكَ إِعْلَانُ الرِّضَا عَنْهُ وَ اسْتَصْغِرِ الْكَثِيرَ فِي طَلَبِ الْمَنْفَعَةِ وَ اسْتَعْظِمِ الصَّغِيرَ فِي رُكُوبِ الْمَضَرَّةِ
And conceal your secrets and improve your bed, for if you do that, you will be Secured by the Veil of Allah-azwj from your enemy attaining your privacy from you, or able from you upon a slip, and do not feel safe from his plots for you will attain the neglect in some of your situations, and when he is able from you, will leap upon you and will make you stumble; and let it be from what your arm yourself with against your enemy, announcement of the agreement from him; and consider it as small, the lot in seeking the benefits, and consider it as great, small in indulgence in the harmful.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُجَالِسِ النَّاسَ بِغَيْرِ طَرِيقَتِهِمْ وَ لَا تَحْمِلَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ فَوْقَ طَاقَتِهِمْ فَلَا يَزَالُ جَلِيسُكَ عَنْكَ نَافِراً وَ الْمَحْمُولُ عَلَيْهِ فَوْقَ طَاقَتِهِ مُجَانِباً لَكَ فَإِذَا أَنْتَ فَرْدٌ لَا صَاحِبَ لَكَ يُؤْنِسُكَ وَ لَا أَخَ لَكَ يَعْضُدُكَ فَإِذَا بَقِيتَ وَحِيداً كُنْتَ مَخْذُولًا وَ صِرْتَ ذَلِيلًا
O my-as son! Do not sit with the people with other than their ways, and do not load upon them above their tolerance, for your gatherers will not cease fleeing from you, and the burdened upon him above his strength would be shunning to you. When you are an individual there will be no companion for you comforting you, nor will there be a brother for you supporting you. When you remain alone, you will be forsaken and become disgraced.
وَ لَا تَعْتَذِرْ إِلَى مَنْ لَا يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَقْبَلَ لَكَ عُذْراً وَ لَا يَرَى لَكَ حَقّاً وَ لَا تَسْتَعِنْ فِي أُمُورِكَ إِلَّا بِمَنْ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَتَّخِذَ فِي قَضَاءِ حَاجَتِكَ أَجْراً فَإِنَّهُ إِذَا كَانَ كَذَلِكَ طَلَبَ قَضَاءَ حَاجَتِكَ لَكَ كَطَلَبِهِ لِنَفْسِهِ لِأَنَّهُ بَعْدَ نَجَاحِهَا لَكَ كَانَ رِبْحاً فِي الدُّنْيَا الْفَانِيَةِ وَ حَظّاً وَ ذُخْراً لَهُ فِي الدَّارِ الْبَاقِيَةِ فَيَجْتَهِدُ فِي قَضَائِهَا لَكَ
Do not present excuses to one who does not like to accept an excuse for you, nor does he see a right for you; and do not seek assistance in your affairs except with one who loves to take a recompense for fulfilling your needs, and when he would be like that, he will seek fulfilling your needs like his seeking for himself, because after its success for you, he would profit in the perishing world and have a share and a hoard for him in the everlasting house. Thus, he would struggle in fulfilling it for you.
وَ لْيَكُنْ إِخْوَانُكَ وَ أَصْحَابُكَ الَّذِينَ تَسْتَخْلِصُهُمْ وَ تَسْتَعِينُ بِهِمْ عَلَى أُمُورِكَ أَهْلَ الْمُرُوَّةِ وَ الْكَفَافِ وَ الثَّرْوَةِ وَ الْعَقْلِ وَ الْعَفَافِ الَّذِينَ إِنْ نَفَعْتَهُمْ شَكَرُوكَ وَ إِنْ غِبْتَ عَنْ جِيرَتِهِمْ ذَكَرُوكَ
And let your brothers and your companions be those you can be sincere with them and be assisted by them upon your affairs – the people of personality, and the sufficiency, and the wealth, and the intellect, and the chastity, those if you were to benefit them, would thank you, and if you are absent from their vicinity, would remember you’’.[64]
13- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ لُقْمَانُ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنْ تَأَدَّبْتَ صَغِيراً انْتَفَعْتَ بِهِ كَبِيراً وَ مَنْ عَنَى بِالْأَدَبِ اهْتَمَّ بِهِ وَ مَنِ اهْتَمَّ بِهِ تَكَلَّفَ عِلْمَهُ وَ مَنْ تَكَلَّفَ عِلْمَهُ اشْتَدَّ لَهُ طَلَبُهُ وَ مَنِ اشْتَدَّ لَهُ طَلَبُهُ أَدْرَكَ بِهِ مَنْفَعَةً فَاتَّخِذْهُ عَادَةً
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By this chain,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Luqman-as said: ‘O my-as son! If you are educated when young you will benefit with it when older; and the one who aspires with the education will concentrate on it, and the one who concentrate in it would encumber its knowledge, and one who encumbers its knowledge will intensify for seeking it, and the one who intensifies its seeking would achieve its benefits, therefore take it as a habit.
وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ الْكَسَلَ مِنْهُ وَ الطَّلَبَ بِغَيْرِهِ وَ إِنْ غُلِبْتَ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا فَلَا تُغْلَبَنَّ عَلَى الْآخِرَةِ وَ إِنَّهُ إِنْ فَاتَكَ طَلَبُ الْعِلْمِ فَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تَجِدَ تَضْيِيعاً أَشَدَّ مِنْ تَرْكِهِ
And beware of the laziness from it with seeking something else, for it you overcome upon the world, then you will not overcome upon the Hereafter. When you miss it, seek the knowledge, you will never find a wastage for it more severe than neglecting it.
يَا بُنَيَّ اسْتَصْلِحِ الْأَهْلِينَ وَ الْإِخْوَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ إِنِ اسْتَقَامُوا لَكَ عَلَى الْوَفَاءِ وَ احْذَرْهُمْ عِنْدَ انْصِرَافِ الْحَالِ بِهِمْ عَنْكَ فَإِنَّ عَدَاوَتَهُمْ أَشَدُّ مَضَرَّةً مِنْ عَدَاوَةِ الْأَبَاعِدِ لِتَصْدِيقِ النَّاسِ إِيَّاهُمْ لِاطِّلَاعِهِمْ عَلَيْكَ
O my-as son! Consider suitability of the people and the brothers from the people of knowledge if they stand for you upon the loyalty, and caution them during the changing situation with them from you, for their enmity would be severely harmful than the enmity of the remote ones in order for the people to ratify them of their notifying upon you’’.[65]
14- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ لُقْمَانُ يَا بُنَيَّ إِيَّاكَ وَ الضَّجَرَ وَ سُوءَ الْخُلُقِ وَ قِلَّةَ الصَّبْرِ فَلَا يَسْتَقِيمُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْخِصَالِ صَاحِبٌ وَ أَلْزِمْ نَفْسَكَ التُّؤَدَةَ فِي أُمُورِكَ وَ صَبِّرْ عَلَى مَئُونَاتِ الْإِخْوَانِ نَفْسَكَ وَ حَسِّنْ مَعَ جَمِيعِ النَّاسِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the preceding chain,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Luqman-as said: “O my-as son! Beware of the restlessness, and the evil manners and little patient, for a companion cannot stay upon these characteristics, and necessitate the patience on yourself in your affairs, and be patient upon the assistance of the brethren to yourself, and be of good manners with the entirety of the people.
خُلُقَكَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنْ عَدِمَكَ مَا تَصِلُ بِهِ قَرَابَتَكَ وَ تَتَفَضَّلُ بِهِ عَلَى إِخْوَانِكَ فَلَا يَعْدَمَنَّكَ حُسْنُ الْخُلُقِ وَ بَسْطُ الْبِشْرِ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ أَحْسَنَ خُلُقَهُ أَحَبَّهُ الْأَخْيَارُ وَ جَانَبَهُ الْفُجَّارُ وَ اقْنَعْ بِقَسْمِ اللَّهِ لِيَصْفُوَ عَيْشُكَ فَإِنْ أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَجْمَعَ عِزَّ الدُّنْيَا فَاقْطَعْ طَمَعَكَ مِمَّا فِي أَيْدِي النَّاسِ فَإِنَّمَا بَلَغَ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ وَ الصِّدِّيقُونَ مَا بَلَغُوا بِقَطْعِ طَمَعِهِمْ
O my-as son! If you do not extend what you can help the relatives with and grace upon your brethren with, it will not be counted from you as good manners and extension of humanity, for the one who is of good manners, the good ones would love him and the immoral ones would shun him; and be content with the apportionment of Allah-azwj in order to make your life good, for if you want to gather the honour of the world, then cut off your greed from what is in the hands of the people, for the Prophets-as and the truthful ones reached what they reached by cutting off their-as greed’.
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ لُقْمَانُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِ احْتَجْتَ إِلَى سُلْطَانٍ فَلَا تُكْثِرِ الْإِلْحَاحَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا تَطْلُبْ حَاجَتَكَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا فِي مَوَاضِعِ الطَّلَبِ وَ ذَلِكَ حِينَ الرِّضَا وَ طِيبِ النَّفْسِ وَ لَا تَضْجَرَنَّ بِطَلَبِ حَاجَةٍ فَإِنَّ قَضَاءَهَا بِيَدِ اللَّهِ وَ لَهَا أَوْقَاتٌ وَ لَكِنِ ارْغَبْ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ سَلْهُ وَ حَرِّكْ إِلَيْهِ أَصَابِعَكَ
Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Luqman-as said: ‘O my-as son! If you argue to a ruling authority then do not frequent the pressuring upon him, and do not seek your need from him except in the good place, and that is when he is of the pleasure and good self, and do not be upset with seeking a need for its fulfilment is in the Hands of Allah-azwj and for these there are timings, but wish to Allah-azwj and ask Him-azwj and move your fingers to Him-azwj (beseeching).
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ الدُّنْيَا قَلِيلٌ وَ عُمُرَكَ قَصِيرٌ يَا بُنَيَّ احْذَرِ الْحَسَدَ فَلَا يَكُونَنَّ مِنْ شَأْنِكَ وَ اجْتَنِبْ سُوءَ الْخُلُقِ فَلَا يَكُونَنَّ مِنْ طَبْعِكَ فَإِنَّكَ لَا تُضِرُّ بِهِمَا إِلَّا نَفْسَكَ وَ إِذَا كُنْتَ أَنْتَ الضَّارَّ لِنَفْسِكَ كَفَيْتَ عَدُوَّكَ أَمْرَكَ لِأَنَّ عَدَاوَتَكَ لِنَفْسِكَ أَضَرُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ عَدَاوَةِ غَيْرِكَ
O my-as son! The world is little and your life-span is short. O my-as son! Be cautious of the envy and do not let it be from your occupation, and shun the evil manners and do not let it become from your nature, for you will not harm by these two except yourself, and when you are the one who is harming himself, your enemies would be sufficed from your own affair, because your enmity to yourself is more harmful upon you than the enmity of others.
يَا بُنَيَّ اجْعَلْ مَعْرُوفَكَ فِي أَهْلِهِ وَ كُنْ فِيهِ طَالِباً لِثَوَابِ اللَّهِ وَ كُنْ مُقْتَصِداً وَ لَا تُمْسِكْهُ تَقْتِيراً وَ لَا تُعْطِهِ تَبْذِيِراً
O my-as son! Make your acts of kindness to be in its deserving ones and become during it seeking to the Rewards of Allah-azwj, and be moderate, and do not withhold it to minimal nor give it squandering.
يَا بُنَيَّ سَيِّدُ أَخْلَاقِ الْحِكْمَةِ دِينُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ مَثَلُ الدِّينِ كَمَثَلِ شَجَرَةٍ نَابِتَةٍ فَالْإِيمَانُ بِاللَّهِ مَاؤُهَا وَ الصَّلَاةُ عُرُوقُهَا وَ الزَّكَاةُ جِذْعُهَا وَ التَّأَخِّي فِي اللَّهِ شُعَبُهَا وَ الْأَخْلَاقُ الْحَسَنَةُ وَرَقُهَا وَ الْخُرُوجُ عَنْ مَعَاصِي اللَّهِ ثَمَرُهَا وَ لَا تَكْمُلُ الشَّجَرَةُ إِلَّا بِثَمَرَةٍ طَيِّبَةٍ كَذَلِكَ الدِّينُ لَا يَكْمُلُ إِلَّا بِالْخُرُوجِ عَنِ الْمَحَارِمِ
O my-as son! The ethics of wisdom is the Religion of Allah-azwj the Exalted, and an example of the Religion is like an example of a planted tree. The belief in Allah-azwj is its water, and the Salat is its roots, and the Zakat is its trunk, and the brotherhood for the Sake of Allah-azwj is its branches, and the good manners are its leaves, and the exit from disobedience of Allah-azwj is its fruit, and the tree is not complete except with good fruit; like that is the Religion. It is not complete except with exit from the Prohibitions.
يَا بُنَيَّ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلَامَةٌ يُعْرَفُ بِهَا وَ إِنَّ لِلدِّينِ ثَلَاثَ عَلَامَاتٍ الْعِفَّةَ وَ الْعِلْمَ وَ الْحِلْمَ
O my-as son! For everything there is a sign it is recognised by, and for the Religion there are three signs – The chastity, and the knowledge, and the forbearance’’.[66]
15- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا قَالَ: قَالَ لُقْمَانُ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ أَشَدَّ الْعُدْمِ عُدْمُ الْقَلْبِ وَ إِنَّ أَعْظَمَ الْمَصَائِبِ مُصِيبَةُ الدِّينِ وَ أَسْنَى الْمَرْزِئَةِ مَرْزِئَتُهُ وَ أَنْفَعَ الْغِنَى غِنَى الْقَلْبِ فَتَلَبَّثْ فِي كُلِّ ذَلِكَ وَ الْزَمِ الْقَنَاعَةَ وَ الرِّضَا بِمَا قَسَمَ اللَّهُ وَ إِنَّ السَّارِقَ إِذَا سَرَقَ حَبَسَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ رِزْقِهِ وَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ إِثْمُهُ وَ لَوْ صَبَرَ لَنَالَ ذَلِكَ وَ جَاءَهُ مِنْ وَجْهِهِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the preceding chain from Suleyman Bin Dawood Al Minqary, from Ibn Ayayna, from Al Zuhry,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘Luqman-as said: ‘O my-as son! The severest of the bereavements is the bereavement of the heart, and that the greatest of the difficulties is the difficulty of the Religion; and the worse calamity is its calamity, and the most beneficial richness is the richness of the heart, therefore continue to be in all of that; and necessitate the contentment and the pleasure with what Allah-azwj has Apportioned, and that the thief when he steals, Allah-azwj Withhold his sustenance, and its sin would be upon him, and had he been patient he would have attained that had he come to it from its aspect.
يَا بُنَيَّ أَخْلِصْ طَاعَةَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى لَا تُخَالِطَهَا بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْمَعَاصِي ثُمَّ زَيِّنِ الطَّاعَةَ بِاتِّبَاعِ أَهْلِ الْحَقِّ فَإِنَّ طَاعَتَهُمْ مُتَّصِلَةٌ بِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ زَيِّنْ ذَلِكَ بِالْعِلْمِ وَ حَصِّنْ عِلْمَكَ بِحِلْمٍ لَا يُخَالِطُهُ حُمْقٌ وَ اخْزُنْهُ بِلِينٍ لَا يُخَالِطُهُ جَهْلٌ وَ شَدِّدْهُ بِحَزْمٍ لَا يُخَالِطُهُ الضِّيَاعُ وَ امْزُجْ حَزْمَكَ بِرِفْقٍ لَا يُخَالِطُهُ الْعُنْفُ
O my-as son! Obey Allah-azwj to the extent that you do not mingle it with anything from the acts of disobedience, then adorn the obedience by following the people of the Truth, for in following them is connection with obedience of Allah-azwj, and adorn that with the knowledge, and fortify your knowledge with forbearance not mixing with foolishness, and treasure it with tenderness, not mixing it with ignorance, and intensify it with firmness not mixing it with the alienation, and blend your firmness with gentleness not mixing it with the violence’’.[67]
16- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الصَّادِقَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ قَالَ لُقْمَانُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَمَلْتُ الْجَنْدَلَ وَ الْحَدِيدَ وَ كُلَّ حِمْلٍ ثَقِيلٍ فَلَمْ أَحْمِلْ شَيْئاً أَثْقَلَ مِنْ جَارِ السَّوْءِ وَ ذُقْتُ الْمَرَارَاتِ كُلَّهَا فَمَا ذُقْتُ شَيْئاً أَمَرَّ مِنَ الْفَقْرِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Suleyman Bin Dawood, from Yahya Bin Saeed Al Qataan who said,
‘I heard Al-Sadiq-asws saying: ‘Luqman-as said: ‘I-as carried the rock and the iron and every heavy burden, but I-as did not carry anything heavier than the evil neighbour; and I-as tasted the bitterness, all of it, but I-as did not taste anything more bitter than the poverty.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَتَّخِذِ الْجَاهِلَ رَسُولًا فَإِنْ لَمْ تُصِبْ عَاقِلًا حَكِيماً يَكُونُ رَسُولَكَ فَكُنْ أَنْتَ رَسُولَ نَفْسِكَ يَا بُنَيَّ اعْتَزِلِ الشَّرَّ يَعْتَزِلْكَ
O my-as son! Do not take the ignorant one as a messenger, so if you cannot find an intellectual, wise one to become your messenger, then you become a messenger for yourself. O my-as son! Renounce the evil, it will renounce you’’.
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قِيلَ لِلْعَبْدِ الصَّالِحِ لُقْمَانَ أَيُّ النَّاسِ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْغَنِيُّ قِيلَ الْغَنِيُّ مِنَ الْمَالِ فَقَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنَّ الْغَنِيَّ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ الَّذِي إِنِ احْتِيجَ إِلَيْهِ انْتُفِعَ بِعِلْمِهِ فَإِنِ اسْتُغْنِيَ عَنْهُ اكْتُفِيَ
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘It was said to the righteous servant Luqman-as, ‘Which of the people is the most superior?’ He-as said: ‘The rich Momin’. It was said, ‘The one rich from the wealth?’ He-as said: ‘No, but the one rich from the knowledge, the one whom if you argue to him, you will benefit with his knowledge, and if you are needless from him, it would suffice’.
وَ قِيلَ فَأَيُّ النَّاسِ أَشَرُّ قَالَ الَّذِي لَا يُبَالِي أَنْ يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ مُسِيئاً
And it was said, ‘Which of the people is the evilest?’ He-as said: ‘The one who does not care if the people see him as evil’’.[68]
17- نبه، تنبيه الخاطر قَالَ لُقْمَانُ يَا بُنَيَّ كَمَا تَنَامُ كَذَلِكَ تَمُوتُ وَ كَمَا تَسْتَيْقِظُ كَذَلِكَ تُبْعَثُ
Luqman-as said: ‘O my-as son! Just as you die, similar to that you will die, and just as you wake up, similar to that you will be resurrected’.
وَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ كَذَبَ مَنْ قَالَ إِنَّ الشَّرَّ يُطْفَأُ بِالشَّرِّ فَإِنْ كَانَ صَادِقاً فَلْيُوقِدْ نَارَيْنِ هَلْ تُطْفِئُ إِحْدَاهُمَا الْأُخْرَى وَ إِنَّمَا يُطْفِئُ الْخَيْرُ الشَّرَّ كَمَا يُطْفِئُ الْمَاءُ النَّار
And he-as said: ‘O my-as son! He lies, the one who says that the evil is extinguished by the evil, for if he was truthful, then let him ignite two fires, can one of them extinguish the other? And rather, the good extinguishes the evil just as the water extinguishes the fire’.
وَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ بِعْ دُنْيَاكَ بِآخِرَتِكَ تَرْبَحْهُمَا جَمِيعاً وَ لَا تَبِعْ آخِرَتَكَ بِدُنْيَاكَ تَخْسَرْهُمَا جَمِيعاً
And he-as said: ‘O my-as son! Sell your world for the Hereafter, you will profit with both of them, and do not sell your Hereafter for your world, your will lose them all’.
وَ كَانَ لُقْمَانُ يُطِيلُ الْجُلُوسَ وَحْدَهُ فَكَانَ يَمُرُّ بِهِ مَوْلَاهُ فَيَقُولُ يَا لُقْمَانُ إِنَّكَ تُدِيمُ الْجُلُوسَ وَحْدَكَ فَلَوْ جَلَسْتَ مَعَ النَّاسِ كَانَ آنَسَ لَكَ فَيَقُولُ لُقْمَانُ إِنَّ طُولَ الْوَحْدَةِ أَفْهَمُ لِلْفِكْرَةِ وَ طُولَ الْفِكْرَةِ دَلِيلٌ عَلَى طَرِيقِ الْجَنَّةِ
And Luqman-as would prolong the sitting alone. A friend of his-as passed by and he said, ‘O Luqman-as! You-as permanently sit alone. If only you-as would sit with the people, it would be more comforting for you-as’. Luqman-as said: ‘Prolonged loneliness is of more understanding for the thinking, and prolonged thinking points upon the road of the Paradise’’.[69]
18- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لِابْنِهِ إِذَا سَافَرْتَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ فَأَكْثِرِ اسْتِشَارَتَكَ إِيَّاهُمْ فِي أَمْرِكَ وَ أُمُورِهِمْ وَ أَكْثِرِ التَّبَسُّمَ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ وَ كُنْ كَرِيماً عَلَى زَادِكَ وَ إِذَا دَعَوْكَ فَأَجِبْهُمْ وَ إِذَا اسْتَعَانُوا بِكَ فَأَعِنْهُمْ وَ اغْلِبْهُمْ بِثَلَاثٍ بِطُولِ الصَّمْتِ وَ كَثْرَةِ الصَّلَاةِ وَ سَخَاءِ النَّفْسِ بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنْ دَابَّةٍ أَوْ مَالٍ أَوْ زَادٍ
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al-Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Suleyman Bin Dawood Al-Munqary, from Hammaad, who has narrated the following:
Abu Abdullah-asws has said; ‘Luqman-as said to his-as son: ‘Whenever you travel with a group, take a lot of advice about them for your affairs and their affairs, and smile frequently in their faces, and be generous with your provisions. And if they call you, respond to them, and if they seek your support, help them. And be overcome them with three things – the length of silence, and the frequency of the Prayer, and generosity of the self with whatever is with you from the animal, or wealth, or provisions.
وَ إِذَا اسْتَشْهَدُوكَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ فَاشْهَدْ لَهُمْ وَ اجْهَدْ رَأْيَكَ لَهُمْ إِذَا اسْتَشَارُوكَ ثُمَّ لَا تَعْزِمْ حَتَّى تَثْبُتَ وَ تَنْظُرَ وَ لَا تُجِبْ فِي مَشُورَةٍ حَتَّى تَقُومَ فِيهَا وَ تَقْعُدَ وَ تَنَامَ وَ تُصَلِّيَ وَ أَنْتَ مُسْتَعْمِلٌ فِكْرَكَ وَ حِكْمَتَكَ فِي مَشُورَتِهِ فَإِنَّ مَنْ لَمْ يُمْحِضِ النَّصِيحَةَ لِمَنِ اسْتَشَارَهُ سَلَبَهُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى رَأْيَهُ وَ نَزَعَ عَنْهُ الْأَمَانَةَ
And if they ask you to testify to the truth, then so testify for it, and exhaust your opinion for them if they consult you. Then do not advise them until you are sure about it and reconsider it, and do not answer in your advice until you stand regarding it, and sit, and sleep, and eat, and pray Salat, and you are utilising your thoughts and your wisdom with regards to your advice. So the one who does not refine his advice for the one who consulted him, Allah-azwj Crucifies his opinion, and Removes from him the trust.
وَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ أَصْحَابَكَ يَمْشُونَ فَامْشِ مَعَهُمْ وَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ يَعْمَلُونَ فَاعْمَلْ مَعَهُمْ وَ إِذَا تَصَدَّقُوا وَ أَعْطَوْا قَرْضاً فَأَعْطِ مَعَهُمْ وَ اسْمَعْ لِمَنْ هُوَ أَكْبَرُ مِنْكَ سِنّاً وَ إِذَا أَمَرُوكَ بِأَمْرٍ وَ سَأَلُوكَ فَقُلْ نَعَمْ وَ لَا تَقُلْ لَا فَإِنَّ لَا عِيٌ وَ لُؤْمٌ وَ إِذَا تَحَيَّرْتُمْ فِي طَرِيقِكُمْ فَانْزِلُوا وَ إِذَا شَكَكْتُمْ فِي الْقَصْدِ فَقِفُوا وَ تَآمَرُوا
And if you see your companions walking, so you should walk with them, and if you see them doing something, so do it with them, and if they give charity and give a loan, so give with them. And listen to the one who is older than you in age, and if he orders you and asks you, so say, Yes’, and do not say, ‘No’, for the ‘No’ is a fault and blameable. And if you are confused regarding your road, so stop and encamp, and if you are in doubt regarding the intended course, pause and plan.
وَ إِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ شَخْصاً وَاحِداً فَلَا تَسْأَلُوهُ عَنْ طَرِيقِكُمْ وَ لَا تَسْتَرْشِدُوهُ فَإِنَّ الشَّخْصَ الْوَاحِدَ فِي الْفَلَاةِ مَرِيبٌ لَعَلَّهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَيْناً لِلُّصُوصِ أَوْ يَكُونَ هُوَ الشَّيْطَانَ الَّذِي يُحَيِّرُكُمْ وَ احْذَرُوا الشَّخْصَيْنِ أَيْضاً إِلَّا أَنْ تَرَوْا مَا لَا أَرَى فَإِنَّ الْعَاقِلَ إِذَا أَبْصَرَ بِعَيْنِهِ شَيْئاً عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ مِنْهُ وَ الشَّاهِدَ يَرَى مَا لَا يَرَى الْغَائِبُ
And if you see one person, do not ask him about your direction of road, and do not heed his guidance, for the one person in the wild is suspect for he could be an eye for the thieves, or he could be the Satan-la who confused you. And be cautious of two persons as well, unless you can see what I-as don’t, for the intellectual, when he sees something with his own eyes recognises the truth from it, and the witness can see what the absentee does not.
يَا بُنَيَّ فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ فَلَا تُؤَخِّرْهَا لِشَيْءٍ وَ صَلِّهَا وَ اسْتَرِحْ مِنْهَا فَإِنَّهَا دَيْنٌ وَ صَلِّ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ وَ لَوْ عَلَى رَأْسِ زُجٍ وَ لَا تَنَامَنَّ عَلَى دَابَّتِكَ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ سَرِيعٌ فِي دَبَرِهَا وَ لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ فِعْلِ الْحُكَمَاءِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ فِي مَحْمِلٍ يُمْكِنُكَ التَّمَدُّدُ لِاسْتِرْخَاءِ الْمَفَاصِلِ
O my son! And when the time of Salat comes up, so do not delay it for anything, and offer Salat and seek comfort from it for it is the Religion. And Pray in congregation even if there is pushing upon the head. And do not sleep upon your animal for that is injurious to its back, and that is not from the actions of the wise except if you are in a carriage and it is possible for you to stretch your joints.
وَ إِذَا قَرُبْتَ مِنَ الْمَنْزِلِ فَانْزِلْ عَنْ دَابَّتِكَ وَ ابْدَأْ بِعَلْفِهَا قَبْلَ نَفْسِكَ وَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ النُّزُولَ فَعَلَيْكَ مِنْ بِقَاعِ الْأَرْضِ بِأَحْسَنِهَا لَوْناً وَ أَلْيَنِهَا تُرْبَةً وَ أَكْثَرِهَا عُشْباً وَ إِذَا نَزَلْتَ فَصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَجْلِسَ وَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ قَضَاءَ حَاجَةٍ فَأَبْعِدِ الْمَذْهَبَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَإِذَا ارْتَحَلْتَ فَصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ وَدِّعِ الْأَرْضَ الَّتِي حَلَلْتَ بِهَا وَ سَلِّمْ عَلَيْهَا وَ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا فَإِنَّ لِكُلِّ بُقْعَةٍ أَهْلًا مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ
And when you come close to the destination, so descend from your animal and begin by feeding it before yourself. And when you intend to encamp, so it is upon you to remain in a land, which is good in colour, soft in soil, and abundance of grass. And if you encamp, so pray two cycles before you sit down. And if you intend to fulfil your need (toilet), go far away. And when you embark (upon your journey) Pray two cycles, and say farewell to the land on which you spent time, and send greetings of peace upon it and upon its people, because for every patch of land has its inhabitants from the Angels.
وَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ لَا تَأْكُلَ طَعَاماً حَتَّى تَبْدَأَ فَتَتَصَدَّقَ مِنْهُ فَافْعَلْ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِقِرَاءَةِ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَا دُمْتَ رَاكِباً وَ عَلَيْكَ بِالتَّسْبِيحِ مَا دُمْتَ عَامِلًا وَ عَلَيْكَ بِالدُّعَاءِ مَا دُمْتَ خَالِياً وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ السَّيْرَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِالتَّعْرِيسِ وَ الدُّلْجَةِ مِنْ لَدُنْ نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ إِلَى آخِرِهِ وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ رَفْعَ الصَّوْتِ فِي مَسِيرِكَ
If you are able to, do not eat until you begin by giving charity from it, so do it. And it is upon you to recite the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic as long as you are riding. And it is upon you for the Glorification for as long as you are working. And it is upon you to supplicate for as long as you are alone. And beware of travelling in the first part of the night. And it is upon you to travel from the middle of the night to its end. And beware of raising your voice during your travel’’.[70]
19- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ الْأَزْدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ فِيمَا وَعَظَ بِهِ لُقْمَانُ ابْنَهُ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا قَبْلَكَ لِأَوْلَادِهِمْ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مَا جَمَعُوا وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ مَنْ جَمَعُوا لَهُ وَ إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ عَبْدٌ مُسْتَأْجِرٌ قَدْ أُمِرْتَ بِعَمَلٍ وَ وُعِدْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yahya Bin Aqaba Al Azdy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Among what Luqman-as advised his-as son with, was, ‘O my-as son! The people who were before you had amassed for their children, but whatever they amassed did not remain, nor did they remain, the ones it had been amassed for, and rather, you are a recompensed servant who has been instructed with a work and promised a recompense upon it.
فَأَوْفِ عَمَلَكَ وَ اسْتَوْفِ أَجْرَكَ وَ لَا تَكُنْ فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا بِمَنْزِلَةِ شَاةٍ وَقَعَتْ فِي زَرْعٍ أَخْضَرَ فَأَكَلَتْ حَتَّى سَمِنَتْ فَكَانَ حَتْفُهَا عِنْدَ سِمَنِهَا وَ لَكِنِ اجْعَلِ الدُّنْيَا بِمَنْزِلَةِ قَنْطَرَةٍ عَلَى نَهَرٍ جُزْتَ عَلَيْهَا وَ تَرَكْتَهَا وَ لَمْ تَرْجِعْ إِلَيْهَا آخِرَ الدَّهْرِ أَخْرِبْهَا وَ لَا تَعْمُرْهَا فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تُؤْمَرْ بِعِمَارَتِهَا
Fulfil your work and you would be Fulfilled with your Recompense; and do not become in this world at the status of a sheep who falls into a green pasture, so it eats until it fattens, and it is slaughtered (after being) putting on weight. But, make the world be at the status of a bridge upon a river, passing over it and leaving it, and do not return to it until the end of times. Ruin it and do not repair it, for you have not been ordered with the repairing of it.
وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّكَ سَتُسْأَلُ غَداً إِذَا وَقَفْتَ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْ أَرْبَعٍ شَبَابِكَ فِيمَا أَبْلَيْتَهُ وَ عُمُرِكَ فِيمَا أَفْنَيْتَهُ وَ مَالِكَ مِمَّا اكْتَسَبْتَهُ وَ فِيمَا أَنْفَقْتَهُ فَتَأَهَّبْ لِذَلِكَ وَ أَعِدَّ لَهُ جَوَاباً وَ لَا تَأْسَ عَلَى مَا فَاتَكَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّ قَلِيلَ الدُّنْيَا لَا يَدُومُ بَقَاؤُهُ وَ كَثِيرَهَا لَا يُؤْمَنُ بَلَاؤُهُ
And know that you would be Questioned tomorrow when you pause in front of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, about four (matters) – your youth, regarding what you wore it down; and your age, regarding what you spent it; and your wealth, from what (means) did you earn it and on what you spent it. Therefore be alert for that and prepare for it, and do not despair upon what is lost for you from the world, for the little of the world does not remain forever, and its more is not safe from its misfortune.
فَخُذْ حِذْرَكَ وَ جِدَّ فِي أَمْرِكَ وَ اكْشِفِ الْغِطَاءَ عَنْ وَجْهِكَ وَ تَعَرَّضْ لِمَعْرُوفِ رَبِّكَ وَ جَدِّدِ التَّوْبَةَ فِي قَلْبِكَ وَ اكْمُشْ فِي فِرَاقِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْصَدَ قَصْدُكَ وَ يُقْضَى قَضَاؤُكَ وَ يُحَالَ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ مَا تُرِيدُ
Therefore, take your share and struggle in your life, and uncover the covering from your face, and expose yourself to the goodness of your Lord-azwj, and renew the repentance in your heart, and retract during your being free before your deliberation is deliberated upon and your Ordainment is Ordained (death), and there is a distancing between you and what you intended for’’.[71]
20- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ لُقْمَانُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِابْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَقْرَبْ فَيَكُونَ أَبْعَدَ لَكَ وَ لَا تَبْعُدْ فَتُهَانَ كُلُّ دَابَّةٍ تُحِبُّ مِثْلَهَا وَ ابْنُ آدَمَ لَا يُحِبُّ مِثْلَهُ
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from one of his companions, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Al Balaad, from the one who mentioned it,
‘He-asws said: ‘Luqman-as said to his-as son: ‘O my-as son! Do not go closer (to the people), for they would become distant to you, neither be (too) remote, for you would be humiliated. Every animal loves its kind, and the son of Adam-as loves his like (fellow human being).
وَ لَا تَنْشُرْ بَزَّكَ إِلَّا عِنْدَ بَاغِيهِ كَمَا لَيْسَ بَيْنَ الذِّئْبِ وَ الْكَبْشِ خُلَّةٌ كَذَلِكَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَ الْبَارِّ وَ الْفَاجِرِ خُلَّةٌ مَنْ يَقْتَرِبْ مِنَ الزِّفْتِ يَعْلَقْ بِهِ بَعْضُهُ كَذَلِكَ مَنْ يُشَارِكِ الْفَاجِرَ يَتَعَلَّمْ مِنْ طُرُقِهِ
And do not spread your righteousness except in the presence of its needy one. Just as there is no friendship between the wolf and the ram, similar to that, there is no friendship between the righteous one and the immoral one. The one who goes near the asphalt, parts of it would attach to him, similar to that, the one who associates with the immoral one would lean towards his ways.
مَنْ يُحِبَّ الْمِرَاءَ يُشْتَمْ وَ مَنْ يَدْخُلْ مَدَاخِلَ السَّوْءِ يُتَّهَمْ وَ مَنْ يُقَارِنْ قَرِينَ السَّوْءِ لَا يَسْلَمْ وَ مَنْ لَا يَمْلِكْ لِسَانَهُ يَنْدَمْ
The one who loves to dispute would be insulted; and the one who enters the places of evil would be accused; and the one who pairs with an evil pairing would not remain safe; and the one who does not control his tongue would regret’’.[72]
21- نبه، تنبيه الخاطر قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لَأَنْ يَضْرِبَكَ الْحَكِيمُ فَيُؤْذِيَكَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ يَدْهُنَكَ الْجَاهِلُ بِدُهْنٍ طَيِّبٍ
‘Tanbeeh Al Khatir’ – Luqman-as said, ‘If the wise man were to beat you, so he harms you, it is better than if the ignorant one massages you with good oil’.
وَ قِيلَ لِلُقْمَانَ أَ لَسْتَ عَبْدَ آلِ فُلَانٍ قَالَ بَلَى قِيلَ فَمَا بَلَغَ بِكَ مَا نَرَى قَالَ صِدْقُ الْحَدِيثِ وَ أَدَاءُ الْأَمَانَةِ وَ تَرْكِي مَا لَا يَعْنِينِي وَ غَضِّي بَصَرِي وَ كَفِّي لِسَانِي وَ عِفَّتِي فِي طُعْمَتِي فَمَنْ نَقَصَ عَنْ هَذَا فَهُوَ دُونِي وَ مَنْ زَادَ عَلَيْهِ فَهُوَ فَوْقِي وَ مَنْ عَمِلَهُ فَهُوَ مِثْلِي
And it was said to Luqman-as, ‘Arent you-as a slave of the family of so and so?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’. It was said, ‘So what made you-as reach (the status) what we see?’ He-as said: ‘The truthful narration, and fulfilling the entrustment and neglecting what does not concern me-as, and closing my-as eyes (from sin), and restraining my-as tongue, and my-as chastity in my-as meals. The one who is deficient from this, he is below me-as, and one who increases upon it, he is above me-as, and the one who works it, he is like me-as’.
وَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُؤَخِّرِ التَّوْبَةَ فَإِنَّ الْمَوْتَ يَأْتِي بَغْتَةً وَ لَا تُشْمِتْ بِالْمَوْتِ وَ لَا تَسْخَرْ بِالْمُبْتَلَى وَ لَا تَمْنَعِ الْمَعْرُوفَ
And he-as said: ‘O my-as son! Do not delay the repentance, for the death comes suddenly, and do not gloat with the death nor mock the afflicted one, nor prevent an act of kindness.
يَا بُنَيَّ كُنْ أَمِيناً تَعِشْ غَنِيّاً
O my-as son! Be trustworthy, you will live a rich life.
يَا بُنَيَّ اتَّخِذْ تَقْوَى اللَّهِ تِجَارَةً تَأْتِكَ الْأَرْبَاحُ مِنْ غَيْرِ بِضَاعَةٍ وَ إِذَا أَخْطَأْتَ خَطِيئَةً فَابْعَثْ فِي أَثَرِهَا صَدَقَةً تُطْفِئُهَا
O my-as son! Take the fear of Allah as a trade, the profit will come to you without any merchandise; and when you commit a sin, then send charity in its tracks to extinguish it.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ الْمَوْعِظَةَ تَشُقُّ عَلَى السَّفِيهِ كَمَا يَشُقُّ الصُّعُودُ عَلَى الشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ
O my-as son! The preaching is grievous upon the foolish just as the ascend is grievous upon the aged old man.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَرْثِ لِمَنْ ظَلَمْتَهُ وَ لَكِنْ ارْثِ لِسُوءِ مَا جَنَيْتَهُ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ وَ إِذَا دَعَتْكَ الْقُدْرَةُ إِلَى ظُلْمِ النَّاسِ فَاذْكُرْ قُدْرَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكَ
O my-as son! Do not pity the one you have wronged, but pity yourself for the evil you have perpetrated upon yourself; and when the power calls you to oppress the people, then remember the Power of Allah-azwj upon you.
يَا بُنَيَّ تَعَلَّمْ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ مَا جَهِلْتَ وَ عَلِّمِ النَّاسَ مَا عَلِمْتَ
O my-as son! Learn from the scholars what you are ignorant of, and teach the people what you know’’.[73]
21- نبه، تنبيه الخاطر قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لَأَنْ يَضْرِبَكَ الْحَكِيمُ فَيُؤْذِيَكَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ يَدْهُنَكَ الْجَاهِلُ بِدُهْنٍ طَيِّبٍ
‘Tanbeeh Al Khatir’ – Luqman-as said: ‘If the wise man were to beat you, so he harms you, it is better than if the ignorant one massages you with the good oil!’
وَ قِيلَ لِلُقْمَانَ أَ لَسْتَ عَبْدَ آلِ فُلَانٍ قَالَ بَلَى قِيلَ فَمَا بَلَغَ بِكَ مَا نَرَى قَالَ صِدْقُ الْحَدِيثِ وَ أَدَاءُ الْأَمَانَةِ وَ تَرْكِي مَا لَا يَعْنِينِي وَ غَضِّي بَصَرِي وَ كَفِّي لِسَانِي وَ عِفَّتِي فِي طُعْمَتِي فَمَنْ نَقَصَ عَنْ هَذَا فَهُوَ دُونِي وَ مَنْ زَادَ عَلَيْهِ فَهُوَ فَوْقِي وَ مَنْ عَمِلَهُ فَهُوَ مِثْلِي
And it was said to Luqman-as, ‘Arent you-as a slave of the family of so and so?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’. It was said, ‘So what made you-as reach (the status) what we see?’ He-as said: ‘The truthful narration, and fulfilling the entrustment and neglecting what does not concern me-as, and closing my-as eyes (from sin), and restraining my-as tongue, and my-as chastity in my-as meals. The one who is deficient from this, he is below me-as, and one who increases upon it, he is above me-as, and the one who works it, he is like me-as’.
وَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُؤَخِّرِ التَّوْبَةَ فَإِنَّ الْمَوْتَ يَأْتِي بَغْتَةً وَ لَا تُشْمِتْ بِالْمَوْتِ وَ لَا تَسْخَرْ بِالْمُبْتَلَى وَ لَا تَمْنَعِ الْمَعْرُوفَ
And he-as said: ‘O my-as son! Do not delay the repentance, for the death comes suddenly, and do not gloat with the death nor mock the afflicted one, nor prevent an act of kindness.
يَا بُنَيَّ كُنْ أَمِيناً تَعِشْ غَنِيّاً
O my-as son! Be trustworthy, you will live a rich life.
يَا بُنَيَّ اتَّخِذْ تَقْوَى اللَّهِ تِجَارَةً تَأْتِكَ الْأَرْبَاحُ مِنْ غَيْرِ بِضَاعَةٍ وَ إِذَا أَخْطَأْتَ خَطِيئَةً فَابْعَثْ فِي أَثَرِهَا صَدَقَةً تُطْفِئُهَا
O my-as son! Take the fear of Allah as a trade, the profit will come to you without any merchandise; and when you commit a sin, then send charity in its tracks to extinguish it.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ الْمَوْعِظَةَ تَشُقُّ عَلَى السَّفِيهِ كَمَا يَشُقُّ الصُّعُودُ عَلَى الشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ
O my-as son! The preaching is grievous upon the foolish just as the ascend is grievous upon the aged old man.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَرْثِ لِمَنْ ظَلَمْتَهُ وَ لَكِنْ ارْثِ لِسُوءِ مَا جَنَيْتَهُ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ وَ إِذَا دَعَتْكَ الْقُدْرَةُ إِلَى ظُلْمِ النَّاسِ فَاذْكُرْ قُدْرَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكَ
O my-as son! Do not pity the one you have wronged, but pity yourself for the evil you have perpetrated upon yourself; and when the power calls you to oppress the people, then remember the Power of Allah-azwj upon you.
يَا بُنَيَّ تَعَلَّمْ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ مَا جَهِلْتَ وَ عَلِّمِ النَّاسَ مَا عَلِمْتَ
O my-as son! Learn from the scholars what you are ignorant of, and teach the people what you know’’.[74]
23- ختص، الإختصاص عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِ مِثْلَهُ وَ زَادَ فِيهِ يَا بُنَيَّ [إِيَّاكَ] أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا فَقِيراً وَ تَدَعَ أَمْرَكَ وَ أَمْوَالَكَ عِنْدَ غَيْرِكَ قَيِّماً فَتُصَيِّرَهُ أَمِيراً
‘Al Ikhtisas’ – Al Awzaie, – Similar to it, and there is an addition to it: ‘O my-as son! Beware of exiting from the world poor while you leave your matter and your wealth with someone else thereby making him an Emir (rich).
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ رَهَنَ النَّاسَ بِأَعْمَالِهِمْ فَوَيْلٌ لَهُمْ مِمَّا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَ أَفْئِدَتُهُمْ
O my son! Allah has Pledged the people with their deeds, so woe be to them from what they hands and hearts have earned!
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَأْمَنْ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ الذُّنُوبُ وَ الشَّيْطَانُ فِيهَا
O my son! Do not feel reassured from the world while the sin and the Satan are in it.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّهُ قَدِ افْتَتَنَ الصَّالِحُونَ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ فَكَيْفَ تَنْجُو مِنْهُ الْآخَرُونَ
O my son! It had tempted the righteous ones from the former ones, so how would the latter ones be safe from it?
يَا بُنَيَّ اجْعَلِ الدُّنْيَا سِجْنَكَ فَتَكُونَ الْآخِرَةُ جَنَّتَكَ
O my son! Make the world as your prison so the Hereafter would be your Garden.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّكَ لَمْ تُكَلَّفْ أَنْ تُشِيلَ الْجِبَالَ وَ لَمْ تُكَلَّفْ مَا لَا تُطِيقُهُ فَلَا تَحْمِلِ الْبَلَاءَ عَلَى كَتِفِكَ وَ لَا تَذْبَحْ نَفْسَكَ بِيَدِكَ
O my-as son! You have not been encumbered with moving the mountains and have not been encumbered what you cannot endure, so do not carry the afflictions upon your shoulder nor slaughter yourself with your own hands.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُجَاوِرَنَّ الْمُلُوكَ فَيَقْتُلُوكَ وَ لَا تُطِعْهُمْ فَتَكْفُرَ
O my-as son! Neither be close to the kings lest they kill you nor obey them for you will blaspheme (commit Kufr).
يَا بُنَيَّ جَاوِرِ الْمَسَاكِينَ وَ اخْصُصِ الْفُقَرَاءَ وَ الْمَسَاكِينَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
O my-as son! Be close to the needy and especially the poor and the needy from the Muslims.
يَا بُنَيَّ كُنْ لِلْيَتِيمِ كَالْأَبِ الرَّحِيمِ وَ لِلْأَرْمَلَةِ كَالزَّوْجِ الْعَطُوفِ
O my-as son! Be for the orphan like the merciful father, and for the widows like the compassionate husband.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ كُلُّ مَنْ قَالَ اغْفِرْ لِي غُفِرَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ لَا يُغْفَرُ إِلَّا لِمَنْ عَمِلَ بِطَاعَةِ رَبِّهِ
O my-as son! It isn’t so that every one who says, ‘Forgive me’, is Forgiven for. He is not Forgiven, except the one who works in obedience to his Lord-azwj.
يَا بُنَيَّ الْجَارَ ثُمَّ الدَّارَ
O my-as son! (First) the neighbour, then the home.
يَا بُنَيَّ الرَّفِيقَ ثُمَّ الطَّرِيقَ
O my-as son! (First) the friend, then the road (journey).
يَا بُنَيَّ لَوْ كَانَتِ الْبُيُوتُ عَلَى الْعَمَلِ مَا جَاوَرَ رَجُلٌ جَارَ سَوْءٍ أَبَداً
O my-as son! If the houses were based upon the deeds, no man would be a neighbour to an evil neighbour, ever!
يَا بُنَيَّ الْوَحْدَةُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ صَاحِبِ السَّوْءِ
O my-as son! Being alonte is better than having an evil companion.
يَا بُنَيَّ الصَّاحِبُ الصَّالِحُ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْوَحْدَةِ يَا بُنَيَّ
O my-as son! The righteous companions is better than being alone.
نَقْلُ الْحِجَارَةِ وَ الْحَدِيدِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ قَرِينِ السَّوْءِ
O my-as son! Carrying the stones and the iron is better than the evil companion.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي نَقَلْتُ الْحِجَارَةَ وَ الْحَدِيدَ فَلَمْ أَجِدْ شَيْئاً أَثْقَلَ مِنْ قَرِينِ السَّوْءِ
O my-as son! I have carried the stones and the iron, but I could not find anything heavier than the evil companion!
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّهُ مَنْ يَصْحَبْ قَرِينَ السَّوْءِ لَا يَسْلَمْ وَ مَنْ يَدْخُلْ مَدَاخِلَ السَّوْءِ يُتَّهَمْ
O my-as son! Surely the one who accompanies an evil companion is not safe, and the one who enters an evil entrace will be accused.
يَا بُنَيَّ مَنْ لَا يَكُفَّ لِسَانَهُ يَنْدَمْ
O my-as son! One who does not restrain his tongue, regrets.
يَا بُنَيَّ الْمُحْسِنُ تُكَافَأُ بِإِحْسَانِهِ وَ الْمُسِيءُ يَكْفِيكَ مَسَاوِيهِ لَوْ جَهَدْتَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ بِهِ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا يَفْعَلُهُ بِنَفْسِهِ مَا قَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ
O my-as son! The good doers is reciprocated for his good deed, and the evil doer has sufficed you with his evil deed. Even if you were to struggle to do with him more than what he has done with himself, you will not be able upon it.
يَا بُنَيَّ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي عَبَدَ اللَّهَ فَخَذَلَهُ وَ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي ابْتَغَاهُ فَلَمْ يَجِدْهُ يَا بُنَيَّ وَ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ وَ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي تَوَكَّلَ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَوَكَلَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ وَ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي تَضَرَّعَ إِلَيْهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ فَلَمْ يَرْحَمْهُ
O my-as son! Who is that who has worshipped Allah-azwj but He Abandoned him? And who is that who sought Him-azwj but could not find Him-azwj? And who is that who mentioned Him-azwj but He-azwj did not Remember him? And who is that who relied upon Allah-azwj but He-azwj Allocated him to someone else? And who is that who beseeched to Him-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Mention, but He-azwj did not Mercy him?
يَا بُنَيَّ شَاوِرِ الْكَبِيرَ وَ لَا تَسْتَحْيِ مِنْ مُشَاوَرَةِ الصَّغِيرِ
O my-as son! Consult the elder and do not be embarrassed from consulting the younger.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِيَّاكَ وَ مُصَاحَبَةَ الْفُسَّاقِ فَإِنَّمَا هُمْ كَالْكِلَابِ إِنْ وَجَدُوا عِنْدَكَ شَيْئاً أَكَلُوهُ وَ إِلَّا ذَمُّوكَ وَ فَضَحُوكَ وَ إِنَّمَا حُبُّهُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ سَاعَةٌ
O my-as son! Beware of accompanying the mischief-mkers, for rather they are like the dogs. If they find anything in your possession, they will devour it, or else they will condemn you and expose you, and rather, their love between them is for a while.
يَا بُنَيَّ مُعَادَاةُ الْمُؤْمِنِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مُصَادَقَةِ الْفَاسِقِ
O my-as son! Enmity of the believer is better than the friendship of the mischief-maker.
يَا بُنَيَّ الْمُؤْمِنُ تَظْلِمُهُ وَ لَا يَظْلِمُكَ وَ تَطْلُبُ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَرْضَى عَنْكَ وَ الْفَاسِقُ لَا يُرَاقِبُ اللَّهَ فَكَيْفَ يُرَاقِبُكَ
O my-as son! The believer, you may oppress him and he will not oppress you, and your will demand upon him and he will be pleased with you, while the mischief-maker do not watch our for Allah-azwj so how will be watch out for you?
يَا بُنَيَّ اسْتَكْثِرْ مِنَ الْأَصْدِقَاءِ وَ لَا تَأْمَنْ مِنَ الْأَعْدَاءِ فَإِنَّ الْغِلَّ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ مِثْلُ الْمَاءِ تَحْتَ الرَّمَادِ
O my-as son! Increase the friends and do not feel safe from the enemies, for the resentment in their chests are like the water beneath the ashes.
يَا بُنَيَّ ابْدَأِ النَّاسَ بِالسَّلَامِ وَ الْمُصَافَحَةِ قَبْلَ الْكَلَامِ
O my-as son! Initiate the greeting with the people and the shaking of hands before the talking.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُكَالِبِ النَّاسَ فَيَمْقَتُوكَ وَ لَا تَكُنْ مَهِيناً فَيُضِلُّوكَ وَ لَا تَكُنْ حُلْواً فَيَأْكُلُوكَ وَ لَا تَكُنْ مُرّاً فَيَلْفِظُوكَ وَ يُرْوَى وَ لَا تَكُنْ حُلْواً فَتُبْلَعَ وَ لَا مُرّاً فَتُرْمَى
O my-as son! Do not assail the people for they will hate you, and do not be weak or they will stray you, and do not be sweet for they will eat you, nor be bitter or they will spit you out (and it is reported: ‘Do not be sweet for you will be swallowed, nor be bitter for you will be thrown out’).
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُخَاصِمْ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّ عِلْمَ اللَّهِ لَا يُدْرَكُ وَ لَا يُحْصَى
O my-as son! Do not dispute regarding the Knowledge of Allah-azwj, for the Knowledge of Allah-azwj can neither be realised nor counted.
يَا بُنَيَّ خَفِ اللَّهَ مَخَافَةً لَا تَيْأَسُ مِنْ رَحْمَتِهِ وَ ارْجُهُ رَجَاءً لَا تَأْمَنُ مِنْ مَكْرِهِ
O my-as son! Fear Allah-azwj a fear you will not despair from His-azwj Mercy, and hope a hope not feeling safe from His-azwj Plan.
يَا بُنَيَّ انْهَ النَّفْسَ عَنْ هَوَاهَا فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لَمْ تَنْهَ النَّفْسَ عَنْ هَوَاهَا لَنْ تَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ وَ لَنْ تَرَاهَا وَ يُرْوَى انْهَ نَفْسَكَ عَنْ هَوَاهَا فَإِنَّ فِي هَوَاهَا رَدَاهَا
O my-as son! Restrain the soul from its whims, for if you don’t restrain the soul from its whims you will never enter the Paradise and you will never see it (and it is reported: ‘Restrain your sould from its whims, for in its whims is its regress).
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّكَ مُنْذُ يَوْمَ هَبَطْتَ مِنْ بَطْنِ أُمِّكَ اسْتَقْبَلْتَ الْآخِرَةَ وَ اسْتَدْبَرْتَ الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ نِلْتَ مُسْتَقْبَلَهَا أَوْلَى بِكَ مِنْ مُسْتَدْبَرِهَا
O my-as son! Since you came down from the belly of your mother, you faced the Hereafter and the world turned around. Thus, if you were to attain from its future is more foremost with you than its past.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِيَّاكَ وَ التَّجَبُّرَ وَ التَّكَبُّرَ وَ الْفَخْرَ فَتُجَاوِرَ إِبْلِيسَ فِي دَارِهِ
O my-as son! Beware of the haughtiness, and the arrogance, and the pride, for you will be a neighbour of Iblees-la in his-la house.
يَا بُنَيَّ دَعْ عَنْكَ التَّجَبُّرَ وَ الْكِبْرَ وَ دَعْ عَنْكَ الْفَخْرَ وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّكَ سَاكِنُ الْقُبُورِ
O my-as son! Leave off the haughtiness and the arrogance, and leave off the pride from you, and know that you are a dweller of the graves.
يَا بُنَيَّ اعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ مَنْ جَاوَرَ إِبْلِيسَ وَقَعَ دَارَ الْهَوَانِ لَا يَمُوتُ فِيهَا وَ لَا يَحْيَى
O my-as son! Know that the one who is a neighbour of Iblees will fall into the house of humiliation, neither dying in it nor living.
يَا بُنَيَّ وَيْلٌ لِمَنْ تَجَبَّرَ وَ تَكَبَّرَ كَيْفَ يَتَعَظَّمُ مَنْ خُلِقَ مِنْ طِينٍ وَ إِلَى طِينٍ يَعُودُ ثُمَّ لَا يَدْرِي إِلَى مَا يَصِيرُ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ فَقَدْ فَازَ أَوْ إِلَى النَّارِ فَقَدْ خَسِرَ خُسْرَاناً مُبِيناً وَ خَابَ وَ يُرْوَى كَيْفَ يَتَجَبَّرُ مَنْ قَدْ جَرَى فِي مَجْرَى الْبَوْلِ مَرَّتَيْنِ
O my-as son! Woe ne to the one who is haughty and arrogant. How can he be mighty, the one who is created from clay and to clay he will return, then he does not to what he will come? (If) to the Paradise, then he has succeeded, or to the Hellfire, then has incurred a manifest loss and be disappointed (and it is reported: ‘How can he be haughty, he one who flows in the flow or urine, twice)
يَا بُنَيَّ كَيْفَ يَنَامُ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَ الْمَوْتُ يَطْلُبُهُ وَ كَيْفَ يَغْفُلُ وَ لَا يُغْفَلُ عَنْهُ
O my-as son! How can the son of Adam-as sleep while the death is seeking him, and how can he be heedless from it?’
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّهُ قَدْ مَاتَ أَصْفِيَاءُ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ وَ أَحِبَّاؤُهُ وَ أَنْبِيَاؤُهُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ فَمَنْ ذَا بَعْدَهُمْ يُخَلَّدُ فَيُتْرَكُ
O my-as son! Surely the elites of Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty, and His Loved ones, and His-azwj Prophets-as, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them, have died, so who is that after them than can live forever, so he will be left?
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَطَأْ أَمَتَكَ وَ لَوْ أَعْجَبَتْكَ وَ انْهَ نَفْسَكَ عَنْهَا وَ زَوِّجْهَا يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُفْشِيَنَّ سِرَّكَ إِلَى امْرَأَتِكَ وَ لَا تَجْعَلْ مَجْلِسَكَ عَلَى بَابِ دَارِكَ
O my-as son! Do not have marital relations with your maid and even if she fascinates you, and restrain yourself from her and get her married off. Do not divuldge your secret to your wife nor make your gathering to be at the door of your house!
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ خُلِقَتْ مِنْ ضِلْعٍ أَعْوَجَ إِنْ أَقَمْتَهَا كَسَرْتَهَا وَ إِنْ تَرَكْتَهَا تَعَوَّجَتْ أَلْزِمْهُنَّ الْبُيُوتَ فَإِنْ أَحْسَنَّ فَاقْبَلْ إِحْسَانَهُنَّ وَ إِنْ أَسَأْنَ فَاصْبِرْ إِنَّ ذلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ الْأُمُورِ
O my-as son! The woman has been created from a crooked rib. If you were to straighten her, you will break her, and if you were to leave her, she will remain crooked. Keep them in the homes. If they do good, accept their good deeds, and if they do bad, be patient. That is from the determined matters.
يَا بُنَيَّ النِّسَاءُ أَرْبَعٌ ثِنْتَانِ صَالِحَتَانِ وَ ثِنْتَانِ مَلْعُونَتَانِ فَأَمَّا إِحْدَى الصَّالِحَتَيْنِ فَهِيَ الشَّرِيفَةُ فِي قَوْمِهَا الذَّلِيلَةُ فِي نَفْسِهَا الَّتِي إِنْ أُعْطِيَتْ شَكَرَتْ وَ إِنِ ابْتُلِيَتْ صَبَرَتْ الْقَلِيلُ فِي يَدَيْهَا كَثِيرٌ
O my-as son! The women are four – two are righteous and two are accursed. As for one of the righteous ones, she is the one noble among her people, and humble within herself, the one if she is given, she appreciates, and if she is tried, she is patient. The little in her hand is a lot.
وَ الثَّانِي الْوَلُودُ الْوَدُودُ تَعُودُ بِخَيْرٍ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا هِيَ كَالْأُمِّ الرَّحِيمِ تَعْطِفُ عَلَى كَبِيرِهِمْ وَ تَرْحَمُ صَغِيرَهُمْ وَ تُحِبُّ وُلْدَ زَوْجِهَا وَ إِنْ كَانُوا مِنْ غَيْرِهَا جَامِعَةُ الشَّمْلِ مَرْضِيَّةُ الْبَعْلِ مُصْلِحَةٌ فِي النَّفْسِ وَ الْأَهْلِ وَ الْمَالِ وَ الْوَلَدِ فَهِيَ كَالذَّهَبِ الْأَحْمَرِ طُوبَى لِمَنْ رُزِقَهَا إِنْ شَهِدَ زَوْجُهَا أَعَانَتْهُ وَ إِنْ غَابَ عَنْهَا حَفِظَتْهُ
And the second is the child-bearing, the affectionate. She brings goodness to her husband. She is like the merciful mother compassionate upon their older one and mercies their younger ones, and she loves the children of her husband and even if they are from someone else. She brings harmony pleasing the husband, righteous within herself, and the family, and the wealth, and the children. She is like the red gold. Beatitude is for the one who is Graced her. If her husband is present, she assists him, and if he is absent from her, she is protective of him.
وَ أَمَّا إِحْدَى الْمَلْعُونَتَيْنِ فَهِيَ الْعَظِيمَةُ فِي نَفْسِهَا الذَّلِيلَةُ فِي قَوْمِهَا الَّتِي إِنْ أُعْطِيَتْ سَخِطَتْ وَ إِنْ مُنِعَتْ عَتَبَتْ وَ غَضِبَتْ فَزَوْجُهَا مِنْهَا فِي بَلَاءٍ وَ جِيرَانُهَا مِنْهَا فِي عَنَاءٍ فَهِيَ كَالْأَسَدِ إِنْ جَاوَرْتَهُ أَكَلَكَ وَ إِنْ هَرَبْتَ مِنْهُ قَتَلَكَ
And as for one of the accursed ones, she is the one considering to be great within herself, disgraced among her people, the one who if she is give, is annoyed, and if she is prevented, she faults and is angered. Her husband is in affliction from her, and her neighbour is in tiredness from her. She is like the lion. If you were to be in itsvicinity, it will devour you, and if you flee from it, it will kill you.
وَ الْمَلْعُونَةُ الثَّانِيَةُ فَهِيَ قَلَى عَنْ زَوْجِهَا وَ مَلَّهَا جِيرَانُهَا إِنَّمَا هِيَ سَرِيعَةُ السَّخْطَةِ سَرِيعَةُ الدَّمْعَةِ إِنْ شَهِدَ زَوْجُهَا لَمْ تَنْفَعْهُ وَ إِنْ غَابَ عَنْهَا فَضَحَتْهُ فَهِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأَرْضِ النَّشَّاشَةِ إِنْ أُسْقِيَتْ أَفَاضَتْهُ الْمَاءُ وَ غَرِقَتْ وَ إِنْ تَرَكَتْهَا عَطِشَتْ وَ إِنْ رُزِقْتَ مِنْهَا وَلَداً لَمْ تَنْتَفِعْ بِهِ
And the second accursed one, she is resentful of her husband, and her neighbours are fed up with her. But rather, she is quick to anger, quick to tears. If her husband is present, she does not benefit him, and if he is absent from her, she exposes him. She is at the status of the water-logged land. If it is irrigated, the water overflows, and if it is left, it dries out, and if a child is Graced from her, you will not benefit with him.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَتَزَوَّجْ بِأَمَةٍ فَيُبَاعَ وُلْدُكَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَ هُوَ فِعْلُكَ بِنَفْسِكَ
O my-as son! Do not marry a slave girl, for your children could be sold in front of you, and it would be your own deed with yourself.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَوْ كَانَتِ النِّسَاءُ تُذَاقُ كَمَا تُذَاقُ الْخَمْرُ مَا تَزَوَّجَ رَجُلٌ امْرَأَةَ سَوْءٍ أَبَداً
O my-as son! If the woman could be tasted just as the wine is tasted, nor man would marry an evil woman, ever!
يَا بُنَيَّ أَحْسِنْ إِلَى مَنْ أَسَاءَ إِلَيْكَ وَ لَا تُكْثِرْ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّكَ عَلَى غَفْلَةٍ مِنْهَا وَ انْظُرْ إِلَى مَا تَصِيرُ مِنْهَا
O my-as son! Be good to the one who is bad to you, and do not increase from the world for you will be upon heedlessness from it, and look at what has come to be from it.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَأْكُلْ مَالَ الْيَتِيمِ فَتُفْتَضَحَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ تُكَلَّفَ أَنْ تَرُدَّهُ إِلَيْهِ
O my-as son! Do not devour wealth of the orphan for you will be exposed on the Day of Qiyamah, and you will be encumbered to return it to him.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَوْ أَنَّهُ أُغْنِيَ أَحَدٌ عَنْ أَحَدٍ لَأُغْنِيَ الْوَلَدُ عَنْ وَالِدِهِ
O my-as son! If anyone can be needless from anyone, the son would be needless from his father.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ النَّارَ يُحِيطُ بِالْعَالَمِينَ كُلِّهِمْ فَلَا يَنْجُو مِنْهَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ وَ قَرَّبَهُ مِنْهُ
O my-as son! The Fire will surround the worlds, all of them, so no one would be saved from it except the one whom Allah-azwj Mercies and Draws closer to Him-azwj.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا يَغُرَّنَّكَ خَبِيثُ اللِّسَانِ فَإِنَّهُ يُخْتَمُ عَلَى قَلْبِهِ وَ تَتَكَلَّمُ جَوَارِحُهُ وَ تَشْهَدُ عَلَيْهِ
O my-as son! Do not let the wicked tongue deceive you, for there will be a seal upon his heart and his limbs will talk and testify against him.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَشْتِمِ النَّاسَ فَتَكُونَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي شَتَمْتَ أَبَوَيْكَ
O my-as son! Do not insult the people and you would be the one has insulted your own parents.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا يُعْجِبْكَ إِحْسَانُكَ وَ لَا تَتَعَظَّمَنَّ بِعَمَلِكَ الصَّالِحِ فَتَهْلِكَ
O my-as son! Do not let your good deeds fascinate you, nor feel great with your righteous deeds, for you will be destroyed.
يا بُنَيَّ أَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ وَ أْمُرْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ انْهَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَ اصْبِرْ عَلى ما أَصابَكَ إِنَّ ذلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ الْأُمُورِ
O my son! Establish the Salat and enjoin the good and forbid from the evil, and be patient upon what befalls you, surely that is from the matters requiring determination [31:17]
يا بُنَيَّ لا تُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ يَا بُنَيَ وَ لا تَمْشِ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَرَحاً إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَخْرِقَ الْأَرْضَ وَ لَنْ تَبْلُغَ الْجِبالَ طُولًا
‘O my son! Do not associate with Allah, surely, the association is a gross injustice [31:13] And do not go about in the land exultingly. You can never cut through the earth and can never reach the mountains in height [17:37]
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ يَأْتِيكَ يَوْمٌ جَدِيدٌ يَشْهَدُ عَلَيْكَ عِنْدَ رَبٍّ كَرِيمٍ
O my-as son! Every day comes to you as a new day, testifying upon you in the Presence of the Benevolent Lord-azwj.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّكَ مُدْرَج فِي أَكْفَانِكَ وَ مُحَلٌّ قَبْرَكَ وَ مُعَايِنٌ عَمَلَكَ كُلَّهُ
O my-as son! You will be wrapped in your shroud and placed in your grave, and witness your deed, all of them.
يَا بُنَيَّ كَيْفَ تَسْكُنُ دَارَ مَنْ أَسْخَطْتَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ مَنْ قَدْ عَصَيْتَهُ
O my-as son! How can you dwell in the house of the one whom you have angered, or the one whom you have disobeyed?’
يَا بُنَيَّ عَلَيْكَ بِمَا يَعْنِيكَ وَ دَعْ عَنْكَ مَا لَا يَعْنِيكَ فَإِنَّ الْقَلِيلَ مِنْهَا يَكْفِيكَ وَ الْكَثِيرَ مِنْهَا لَا يَعْنِيكَ
O my-as son! Upon you is with what concerns you, and leave what does not concern you, for the little from it would suffice you and the lot from it does not concern you.
يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُؤْثِرَنَّ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ سِوَاهَا وَ لَا تُورِثْ مَالَكَ أَعْدَاءَكَ
O my-as son! Do not prefer upon your soul anything besides it, nor leave your wealth as an inheritance for your enemies.
يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أُحْصِيَ الْحَلَالُ الصَّغِيرُ فَكَيْفَ بِالْحَرَامِ الْكَثِيرِ
O my-as son! Surely, (even) the few Permissibles will be counted, so how would it be with the many Prohibitions?
يَا بُنَيَّ اتَّقِ النَّظَرَ إِلَى مَا لَا تَمْلِكُهُ وَ أَطِلِ التَّفَكُّرَ فِي مَلَكُوتِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ الْجِبَالِ وَ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ فَكَفَى بِهَذَا وَاعِظاً لِقَلْبِكَ
O my-as son! Fear the looking at what you do not owns, and prolong the pondering in the kingdom of the skies and the earth, and the mountains, and what Allah-azwj has Created. You will suffice with this as a preaching for your heart.
يَا بُنَيَّ اقْبَلْ وَصِيَّةَ الْوَالِدِ الشَّفِيقِ
O my-as son! Accept the advice of the compassionate father.
يَا بُنَيَّ بَادِرْ بِعَمَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَحْضُرَ أَجَلُكَ وَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَسِيرَ الْجِبَالُ سَيْراً وَ تُجْمَعَ الشَّمْسُ وَ الْقَمَرُ وَ تُغَيَّرَ السَّمَاءُ وَ تُطْوَى وَ تَنَزَّلَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ صُفُوفاً خَائِفِينَ حَافِّينَ مُشْفِقِينَ وَ تُكَلَّفَ أَنْ تُجَاوِزَ الصِّرَاطَ وَ تُعَايِنَ حِينَئِذٍ عَمَلَكَ وَ تُوضَعَ الْمَوَازِينُ وَ تُنْشَرَ الدَّوَاوِينُ
O my son! Rush with your (good) deed before your death presents, and before the mountains are moved with a movement, and the sun and the moon are gathered, and the sky is altered and folded, and the Angels descend in rows fearing, bare-footed, awed, and you are encumbered to cross the Bridge, and on that Day you witness your deeds, and the Scales are placed, and the registers (of deeds) are spread out.
يَا بُنَيَّ تَعَلَّمْتَ سَبْعَةَ آلَافٍ مِنَ الْحِكْمَةِ فَاحْفَظْ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعاً وَ مُرَّ مَعِي إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ أَحْكِمْ سَفِينَتَكَ فَإِنَّ بَحْرَكَ عَمِيقٌ وَ خَفِّفْ حِمْلَكَ فَإِنَّ الْعَقَبَةَ كَئُودٌ وَ أَكْثِرِ الزَّادَ فَإِنَّ السَّفَرَ بَعِيدٌ وَ أَخْلِصِ الْعَمَلَ فَإِنَّ النَّاقِدَ بَصِيرٌ
O my-as son! You have learnt seven thousand words of wisdom, so preserve four of these and come with me to the Paradise. Strengthen your ship for your sea is deep, and lighten your load for the uphill is difficult, and increase the provision for the journey is far, and be sincere of the deeds, for the Implementor is Insightful’’.[75]
24 كَنْزُ الْفَوَائِدِ، لِلْكَرَاجُكِيِّ مِنْ حِكَمِ لُقْمَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَا بُنَيَّ أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ الصَّلَاةِ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ عَمُودِ الْفُسْطَاطِ فَإِنَّ الْعَمُودَ إِذَا اسْتَقَامَ نَفَعَتِ الْأَطْنَابُ وَ الْأَوْتَادُ وَ الظِّلَالُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَقِمْ لَمْ يَنْفَعْ وَتِدٌ وَ لَا طُنُبٌ وَ لَا ظِلَالٌ
‘Kanz Al Fawaaid’ of Al Karajaky – From the wisdom of Luqman-as: ‘O my son! Establish the Salat, for an example of the Salat in the religion of Allah is like an example of a pillar of the tent. When the pillar is strong, the ropes and the pegs and the canopy will benefit, and if it is not strong, neither the pegs, nor the ropes, nor the canopy will benefit!
أَيْ بُنَيَّ صَاحِبِ الْعُلَمَاءَ وَ جَالِسْهُمْ وَ زُرْهُمْ فِي بُيُوتِهِمْ لَعَلَّكَ أَنْ تُشْبِهَهُمْ فَتَكُونَ مِنْهُمْ اعْلَمْ
Yes, my-as son! Accompany the cholars and sit with them, and visit them in their houses, perhaps you will resemble them so you may become from them the most knowledgeable.
أَيْ بُنَيَّ إِنِّي قَدْ ذُقْتُ الصَّبِرَ وَ أَنْوَاعَ الْمُرِّ فَلَمْ أَرَ أَمَرَّ مِنَ الْفَقْرِ فَإِنِ افْتَقَرْتَ يَوْمَكَ فَاجْعَلْ فَقْرَكَ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ وَ لَا تُحَدِّثِ النَّاسَ بِفَقْرِكَ فَتَهُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ
Yes, my-as son! I have tasted the aloe and a variety of bitter things, but I did not see anything bitterer than the poverty. If you are impoverished one day, make your poverty to be between you and Allah and do not narrate to the people of your poverty for you will be insignificang to them.
يَا بُنَيَّ ادْعُ اللَّهَ ثُمَّ سَلْ فِي النَّاسِ هَلْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ دَعَا اللَّهَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ أَوْ سَأَلَهُ فَلَمْ يُعْطِهِ
O my-as son! Supplicate to Allah-azwj, then as among the people. Is there anyone who supplicated to Allah-azwj but He-azwj did not Answer him, or requested Him-azwj but He-azwj did not Give him?
يَا بُنَيَّ ثِقْ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثُمَّ سَلْ فِي النَّاسِ هَلْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ وَثِقَ بِاللَّهِ فَلَمْ يُنْجِهِ
O my-as son! Trust in Allah the Magnificent, Mighty and Majestic, then ask among the people. Is there anyone who trused in Allah but He did not Rescue him?
يَا بُنَيَّ تَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ ثُمَّ سَلْ فِي النَّاسِ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي تَوَكَّلَ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَلَمْ يُكْفَ
O my-as son! Rely upon Allah-azwj, then ask among the people. Who is that who relied upon Allah-azwj but was not sufficed?
يَا بُنَيَّ أَحْسِنِ الظَّنَّ بِاللَّهِ ثُمَّ سَلْ فِي النَّاسِ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي أَحْسَنَ الظَّنَّ بِاللَّهِ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَ حُسْنِ ظَنِّهِ بِهِ
O my-as son! Have excellent thoughts about Allah-azwj, then ask among the people. Who is that who had excellent thoughts about Allah-azwj but did not become of Excellent Consideration with Him-azwj?’
يَا بُنَيَّ مَنْ يُرِدْ رِضْوَانَ اللَّهِ يُسْخِطْ نَفْسَهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ مَنْ لَا يُسْخِطْ نَفْسَهُ لَا يرضي [يُرْضِ] رَبَّهُ وَ مَنْ لَا يَكْظِمْ غَيْظَهُ يُشْمِتْ عَدُوَّهُ
O my-as son! One who wants the Pleasure of Allah-azwj should displease his own self to Him-azwj, and one who does not displease himself will not Please his Lord-azwj, and one who does not swallow his anger, would make his enemies gloat.
يَا بُنَيَّ تَعَلَّمِ الْحِكْمَةَ تَشَرَّفْ فَإِنَّ الْحِكْمَةَ تَدُلُّ عَلَى الدِّينِ وَ تُشَرِّفُ الْعَبْدَ عَلَى الْحُرِّ وَ تَرْفَعُ الْمِسْكِينَ عَلَى الْغَنِيِّ وَ تُقَدِّمُ الصَّغِيرَ عَلَى الْكَبِيرِ وَ تُجْلِسُ الْمِسْكِينَ مَجَالِسَ الْمُلُوكِ وَ تَزِيدُ الشَّرِيفَ شَرَفاً وَ السَّيِّدَ سُؤْدُداً وَ الْغَنِيَّ مَجْداً
O my-as son! Learn the wisdom, your will be ennobled, for the wisdom points upon the religion, and ennobles the slave upon the free, and raises the poor upon the rich, and advances the young upon the old, and makes the poor sit in the seat of kings, and increases the noble one in nobility, and chief in dignity, and the rich in glory.
وَ كَيْفَ يَظُنُّ ابْنُ آدَمَ أَنْ يَتَهَيَّأَ لَهُ أَمْرُ دِينِهِ وَ مَعِيشَتِهِ بِغَيْرِ حِكْمَةٍ وَ لَنْ يُهَيِّئَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَمْرَ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ إِلَّا بِالْحِكْمَةِ
And how can a son of Adam thing that the matters of his religion and his life would be pleasant without wisdom? And Allah Mighty and Majestic will never Make the matters of the world and the Hereafter pleasant except with the wisdom!
وَ مَثَلُ الْحِكْمَةِ بِغَيْرِ طَاعَةٍ مَثَلُ الْجَسَدِ بِلَا نَفْسٍ أَوْ مَثَلُ الصَّعِيدِ بِلَا مَاءٍ وَ لَا صَلَاحَ لِلْجَسَدِ بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ وَ لَا لِلصَّعِيدِ بِغَيْرِ مَاءٍ وَ لَا لِلْحِكْمَةِ بِغَيْرِ طَاعَةِ
And an example of the wisdom without acts of obedience is an example of the body without a soul, or an example of the barren land without water, and it is not correct for the body to be without a soul, nor for the barren land to be without water, nor for the wisdom without the acts of obedience’’.[76]
25- وَ أَخْبَرَنِي جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لِابْنِهِ وَ هُوَ يَعِظُهُ يَا بُنَيَّ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي ابْتَغَى اللَّهَ فَلَمْ يَجِدْهُ وَ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي لَجَأَ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَلَمْ يُدَافِعْ عَنْهُ أَمْ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي تَوَكَّلَ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَلَمْ يَكْفِهِ
A group informed me, from Abu Al Mufazzal Al Shabani by his chain,
‘From Abu Zarr-ra having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Luqman-as said to his-as son: ‘O my-as son! Who is that who seek Allah-azwj but does not find Him-azwj? And who is that who shelters to Allah-azwj be He-azwj does not Defend on his behalf? Or who is that who relies upon Allah-azwj but He-azwj does not Suffice him?’’[77]
26 بَيَانُ التَّنْزِيلِ لِابْنِ شَهْرَآشُوبَ قَالَ: أَوَّلُ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْ حِكَمِ لُقْمَانَ أَنَّ تَاجِراً سَكِرَ وَ خَاطَرَ نَدِيمَهَ أَنْ يَشْرَبَ مَاءَ الْبَحْرِ كُلَّهُ وَ إِلَّا سَلَّمَ إِلَيْهِ مَالَهُ وَ أَهْلَهُ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ وَ صَحَا نَدِمَ وَ جَعَلَ صَاحِبُهُ يُطَالِبُهُ بِذَلِكَ
‘Bayan Al Tanzeel’ of Ibn Shehr Ashoub, said,
‘The first of the wisdom appeared from Luqman-as was that a trader got intoxicated and pledged to his companion that either he will drink all the water of the sea or else he will sbmit (all of) his wealth and his family to him. When it was morning, he was sober and regretted, and his companion went on to demand him for that.
فَقَالَ لُقْمَانُ أَنَا أُخَلِّصُكَ بِشَرْطِ أَنْ لَا تَعُودَ إِلَى مِثْلِهِ قُلْ أَ أَشْرَبُ الْمَاءَ الَّذِي كَانَ فِيهِ وَقْتَئِذٍ فَأْتِنِي بِهِ أَوْ أَشْرَبُ مَاءَهُ الْآنَ فَسُدَّ أَفْوَاهَهُ لِأَشْرَبَهُ أَوْ أَشْرَبُ الْمَاءَ الَّذِي يَأْتِي بِهِ فَاصْبِرْ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ فَأَمْسَكَ صَاحِبُهُ عَنْهُ
Luqman-as said: ‘I shall rescue you on the condition that you will not repeat to its similar. Say, ‘Shall I drink the water which was had existed in it, then come with it, or shall I drink its water now, then block its outlet so I can drink it, or drink the water which is now, or shall I drink the water which it will be coming with, then wait until it comes’’. His companion withheld from him’.[78]
27 كِتَابُ فَتْحِ الْأَبْوَابِ لِلسَّيِّدِ ابْنِ طَاوُسٍ قَالَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ لُقْمَانَ الْحَكِيمَ قَالَ لِوَلَدِهِ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ لَا تُعَلِّقْ قَلْبَكَ بِرِضَا النَّاسِ وَ مَدْحِهِمْ وَ ذَمِّهِمْ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يَحْصُلُ وَ لَوْ بَالَغَ الْإِنْسَانُ فِي تَحْصِيلِهِ بِغَايَةِ قُدْرَتِهِ
‘Kitab Fat’h Al Abwaab’ of the Seyyid Ibn Taqous who said,
‘It is reported that Luqman-as the wise said to his-as son in his bequest: ‘Do not attach your heart with achieving pleasure of the people, and their praises, and their condemnation, for that cannot be achieved and even if the person were to exert in his efforts the peak of his power’.
فَقَالَ وَلَدُهُ مَا مَعْنَاهُ أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَرَى لِذَلِكَ مِثَالًا أَوْ فِعَالًا أَوْ مَقَالًا
His-as son said, ‘What is its meaning? I would love to be shown an example of that, or action, or statement’.
He-as said to him: ‘Let I-as and you go out’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَخْرُجُ أَنَا وَ أَنْتَ فَخَرَجَا وَ مَعَهُمَا بَهِيمَةٌ فَرَكِبَهُ لُقْمَانُ وَ تَرَكَ وَلَدَهُ يَمْشِي وَرَاءَهُ
They went out and there was an animal with them. Luqman-as rode it and left his-as son walking behind him-as.
فَاجْتَازُوا عَلَى قَوْمٍ فَقَالُوا هَذَا شَيْخٌ قَاسِي الْقَلْبِ قَلِيلُ الرَّحْمَةِ يَرْكَبُ هُوَ الدَّابَّةَ وَ هُوَ أَقْوَى مِنْ هَذَا الصَّبِيِّ وَ يَتْرُكُ هَذَا الصَّبِيَّ يَمْشِي وَرَاءَهُ وَ إِنَّ هَذَا بِئْسَ التَّدْبِيرُ
They passed by a group. They said, ‘This here is an old man of cruel hear of little mercy. He rides the animal while he is stronger than this child, and he leaves this child walking behind him, and this is an evil arrangement!’
فَقَالَ لِوَلَدِهِ سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَهُمْ وَ إِنْكَارَهُمْ لِرُكُوبِي وَ مَشْيِكَ
He said to his son: ‘Did you hear their words and their dislike of my riding and your walking?’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
He said, ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ ارْكَبْ أَنْتَ يَا وَلَدِي حَتَّى أَمْشِيَ أَنَا
He said: ‘You ride, O my son, until I walk!’
فَرَكِبَ وَلَدُهُ وَ مَشَى لُقْمَانُ فَاجْتَازُوا عَلَى جَمَاعَةٍ أُخْرَى فَقَالُوا هَذَا بِئْسَ الْوَالِدُ وَ هَذَا بِئْسَ الْوَلَدُ أَمَّا أَبُوهُ فَإِنَّهُ مَا أَدَّبَ هَذَا الصَّبِيَّ حَتَّى يَرْكَبَ الدَّابَّةَ وَ يَتْرُكَ وَالِدَهُ يَمْشِي وَرَاءَهُ وَ الْوَالِدُ أَحَقُّ بِالاحْتِرَامِ وَ الرُّكُوبِ وَ أَمَّا الْوَلَدُ فَإِنَّهُ عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ بِهَذِهِ الْحَالِ فَكِلَاهُمَا أَسَاءَا فِي الْفِعَالِ
His son rode and Luqman walked. They passed by another group. They said, ‘This is an evil father and this is an evil son! As for his father, he has not educated this child until he rides the animal and neglects his father walking behind him, and the father is more rightful with the respect and the riding, and as for the son, he is disloyal to his father with this situation. Thus, both of them are evil in the actions!’
فَقَالَ لُقْمَانُ لِوَلَدِهِ سَمِعْتَ
Luqman-as said to his-as son: ‘Did you hear?’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
He said, ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ نَرْكَبُ مَعاً الدَّابَّةَ
He-as said: ‘We shall both ride the animal together!’
فَرَكِبَا مَعاً فَاجْتَازَا عَلَى جَمَاعَةٍ فَقَالُوا مَا فِي قَلْبِ هَذَيْنِ الرَّاكِبَيْنِ رَحْمَةٌ وَ لَا عِنْدَهُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ يَرْكَبَانِ مَعاً الدَّابَّةَ يَقْطَعَانِ ظَهْرَهَا وَ يَحْمِلَانِهَا مَا لَا تُطِيقُ لَوْ كَانَ قَدْ رَكِبَ وَاحِدٌ وَ مَشَى وَاحِدٌ كَانَ أَصْلَحَ وَ أَجْوَدَ
They both rode together. They passed by a group. They said, ‘There is no mercy in the heart of these two riders, nor is there any goodness with them from Allah-azwj! They are both riding the animal together, breaking its back and loading it with what it cannot endure. If only one would ride and one would walk, it would have been more correct and better!’
فَقَالَ سَمِعْتَ
He-as said: ‘Did you hear?’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
He said, ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ هَاتِ حَتَّى نَتْرُكَ الدَّابَّةَ تَمْشِي خَالِيَةً مِنْ رُكُوبِنَا
He-as said: ‘Come, until we leave the animal walking empty from our riding!’
فَسَاقا الدَّابَّةَ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمَا وَ هُمَا يَمْشِيَانِ فَاجْتَازَا عَلَى جَمَاعَةٍ فَقَالُوا هَذَا عَجِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَيْنِ الشَّخْصَيْنِ يَتْرُكَانِ دَابَّةً فَارِغَةً تَمْشِي بِغَيْرِ رَاكِبٍ وَ يَمْشِيَانِ وَ ذَمُّوهُمَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ كَمَا ذَمُّوهُمَا عَلَى كُلِّ مَا كَانَ
They ushered the animal in front of them while they walked. They passed by a group. They said, ‘This is strange from these two persons leaving the animal free walking without a rider and they are walking!’ – and they condemned them upon that just as they were condemned upon all what had happened.
فَقَالَ لِوَلَدِهِ تَرَى فِي تَحْصِيلِ رِضَاهُمْ حِيلَةً لِمُحْتَالٍ فَلَا تَلْتَفِتْ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ اشْتَغِلْ بِرِضَا اللَّهِ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ فَفِيهِ شُغُلٌ شَاغِلٌ وَ سَعَادَةٌ وَ إِقْبَالٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ يَوْمِ الْحِسَابِ وَ السُّؤَالِ
He said to his-as son: ‘You see! In pursuing their pleasure is a deception for the deceived, so do not pay attention to them, and (instead) pre-occupy with (achieving) the Pleasure of Allah-azwj, Majestic is His Majesty, for therein is an occupation and good fortune, and acceptance in the world and the Day of Reckoning, and the Questioning!’’[79]
باب 19 قصة إشمويل عليه السلام و طالوت و جالوت و تابوت السكينة
CHAPTER 19 – STORY OF ISHMUWEYL-as (Samuel) AND TALUT (SAUL) AND JALOUT (GOLIATH) AND THE BOX OF TRANQUILITY
الآيات البقرة أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الْمَلَإِ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُوسى إِذْ قالُوا لِنَبِيٍّ لَهُمُ ابْعَثْ لَنا مَلِكاً نُقاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قالَ هَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِنْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتالُ أَلَّا تُقاتِلُوا قالُوا وَ ما لَنا أَلَّا نُقاتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ قَدْ أُخْرِجْنا مِنْ دِيارِنا وَ أَبْنائِنا فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتالُ تَوَلَّوْا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِنْهُمْ وَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظَّالِمِينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Baqarah: Have you not considered the chiefs of the children of Israel after Musa, when they said to a Prophet of theirs: ‘Appoint for us a king; we would fight in the Way of Allah’. He said: ‘Perhaps you would not fight if fighting is Prescribed for you?’ They said: ‘And what is for us except that we fight in the Way of Allah, and we and our children have been expelled from our homes?’ But when fighting was Prescribed upon them, they turned back, except a few of them, and Allah Knows the unjust ones [2:246]
وَ قالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طالُوتَ مَلِكاً قالُوا أَنَّى يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنا وَ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ وَ لَمْ يُؤْتَ سَعَةً مِنَ الْمالِ قالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفاهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ زادَهُ بَسْطَةً فِي الْعِلْمِ وَ الْجِسْمِ وَ اللَّهُ يُؤْتِي مُلْكَهُ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ اللَّهُ واسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ
And their Prophet said to them: ‘Allah has Appointed Talut to be a king over you’. They said: ‘How can he hold kingship over us while we have a greater right to kingship than him, and he has not been Given an abundance from the wealth?’ He said: ‘Allah has Chosen him over you, and has Increased him abundantly in knowledge and physique; and Allah Grants His Kingdom to the one He so Desires to; and Allah is Capacious, Knowing [2:247]
وَ قالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ آيَةَ مُلْكِهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسى وَ آلُ هارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ إِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ لَآيَةً لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
And their Prophet said to them: the sign of his kingdom is, that there shall come to you the chest wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and remnants of what the progeny of Musa and the progeny of Haroun have left, the Angels would be carrying it; surely in that, is a Sign for you all, if you were Momineen [2:248]
فَلَمَّا فَصَلَ طالُوتُ بِالْجُنُودِ قالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مُبْتَلِيكُمْ بِنَهَرٍ فَمَنْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَطْعَمْهُ فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي إِلَّا مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ غُرْفَةً بِيَدِهِ فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِنْهُمْ فَلَمَّا جاوَزَهُ هُوَ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ قالُوا لا طاقَةَ لَنَا الْيَوْمَ بِجالُوتَ وَ جُنُودِهِ قالَ الَّذِينَ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُمْ مُلاقُوا اللَّهِ كَمْ مِنْ فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةً بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ
So when Talut departed with the forces, he said: ‘Surely Allah will Test you with a river; so the one who drinks from it, he isn’t from me, and the one who does not taste of it, he is from me, except for the one who scoops out a scoop with his hand’; but they drank from it except for a few of them. So when he had crossed it, he and those who believed were with him, they (drinkers) said: ‘There is no strength for us today with (confronting) Goliath and his army’. Those who were thinking that they would be meeting Allah said, ‘How many times a small group has overcome a numerous group by the Permission of Allah, and Allah is with the patient ones [2:249]
وَ لَمَّا بَرَزُوا لِجالُوتَ وَ جُنُودِهِ قالُوا رَبَّنا أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنا صَبْراً وَ ثَبِّتْ أَقْدامَنا وَ انْصُرْنا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكافِرِينَ
And when they went out to duel Goliath and his army, they said: ‘O Lord! Pour upon us patience, and affirm our feet and Help us against the Kafir people [2:250]
فَهَزَمُوهُمْ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ قَتَلَ داوُدُ جالُوتَ وَ آتاهُ اللَّهُ الْمُلْكَ وَ الْحِكْمَةَ وَ عَلَّمَهُ مِمَّا يَشاءُ وَ لَوْ لا دَفْعُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَفَسَدَتِ الْأَرْضُ وَ لكِنَّ اللَّهَ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ
So they defeated them by the Permission of Allah. And Dawood killed Goliath and Allah Gave him the kingdom and the Wisdom, and Taught him from whatever He so Desired to; and had it not been for Allah Repelling the people, some with the others, the earth would be corrupted, but, Allah is with Grace upon the worlds [2:251]
1- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طالُوتَ مَلِكاً قالُوا أَنَّى يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنا وَ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ قَالَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ سِبْطِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ لَا مِنْ سِبْطِ الْمَمْلَكَةِ قالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفاهُ عَلَيْكُمْ
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, and Al-Husayn Bin Sa’d, from Al-Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Yahya Al-Halby, from Haroun Bin Kharjat, from Abu Baseer, who has narrated the following:
Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Statement of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: “[2:247] And their prophet said to them: Surely Allah has raised Talut to be a king over you. He-asws said: ‘He-as was neither from the grandsons of the Prophets-as nor was he-as from the grandsons of the kings’. He said: Surely Allah has chosen him in preference to you”.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّ آيَةَ مُلْكِهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسى وَ آلُ هارُونَ فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ تَحْمِلُهُ
And Said: “And the prophet said to them: Surely the sign of His kingdom is, that there shall come to you the chest in which there is tranquillity from your Lord and residue of the relics of what the children of Musa and the children of Haroun have left, the angels bearing it” [2:248]
وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مُبْتَلِيكُمْ بِنَهَرٍ فَمَنْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَطْعَمْهُ فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهُ إِلَّا ثَلَاثَمِائَةٍ وَ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَمْ يَشْرَبْ فَلَمَّا بَرَزُوا قَالَ الَّذِينَ اغْتَرَفُوا لا طاقَةَ لَنَا الْيَوْمَ بِجالُوتَ وَ جُنُودِهِ وَ قَالَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَغْتَرِفُوا كَمْ مِنْ فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةً بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ
And Allah-azwj Said: “[2:249] Surely Allah will try you with a river; whoever then drinks from it, he is not of me, and whoever does not taste of it, he is surely of me, so they drank from it except for three hundred and thirteen men. From them were those who drank, and those who did not drink. When it was time for the duel, the ones who had drunk they said: We have today no power against Jalut and his forces. And those who did not drink said: How often has a small party vanquished a numerous host by Allah’s permission, and Allah is with the patient”’’.[80]
2- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَرَأَ إِنَّ آيَةَ مُلْكِهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسى وَ آلُ هارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ قَالَ كَانَتْ تَحْمِلُهُ فِي صُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ
‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Yahya Al Halby, from Abdullah Bin Suleyman,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having recited: the sign of his kingdom is, that there shall come to you the chest wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and remnants of what the progeny of Musa and the progeny of Haroun have left, the Angels would be carrying it [2:248]. He-asws said: ‘They were carrying it in an image of the cow’’.[81]
3- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَأْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسى وَ آلُ هارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ قَالَ رَضْرَاضُ الْأَلْوَاحِ فِيهَا الْعِلْمُ وَ الْحِكْمَةُ
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hamad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from the one who informed him,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: that there shall come to you the chest wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and remnants of what the progeny of Musa and the progeny of Haroun have left, the Angels would be carrying it [2:248]. He-asws said: ‘Rubble of the Tablets wherein was the Knowledge and the Wisdom’’.[82]
4- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بَعْدَ مُوسَى عَمِلُوا بِالْمَعَاصِي وَ غَيَّرُوا دِينَ اللَّهِ وَ عَتَوْا عَنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّهِمْ وَ كَانَ فِيهِمْ نَبِيٌّ يَأْمُرُهُمْ وَ يَنْهَاهُمْ فَلَمْ يُطِيعُوهُ وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ أَرْمِيَا النَّبِيُّ فَسَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ جَالُوتَ وَ هُوَ مِنَ الْقِبْطِ فَأَذَلَّهُمْ وَ قَتَلَ رِجَالَهُمْ وَ أَخْرَجَهُمْ مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ وَ أَخَذَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَ اسْتَعْبَدَ نِسَاءَهُمْ فَفَزِعُوا إِلَى نَبِيِّهِمْ وَ قَالُوا سَلِ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ لَنَا مَلِكاً نُقَاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Al Nazar, from Yahya Al Halby, from Haroun Bin Kharjat, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘The Children of Israel from after Musa-as used to act in disobedience, and changed the Religion of Allah-azwj and were arrogant about the Command of their Lord-azwj. And there was a Prophet-as among them, ordering them and forbidding them, but they did not obey him-as. And it is narrated that he-as was Irmiah-as the Prophet-as. Therefore, Allah-azwj Caused Goliath to Empower over them, and he was a Coptic. He humiliated them, and killed their men, and threw them out from their houses and their wealth, and made their women as slaves. They were frightened and came to their Prophet-as and said, ‘Ask Allah-azwj that He-azwj Appoint for us a king, we would fight in the Way of Allah [2:246].
وَ كَانَتِ النُّبُوَّةُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي بَيْتٍ وَ الْمُلْكُ وَ السُّلْطَانُ فِي بَيْتٍ آخَرَ لَمْ يَجْمَعِ اللَّهُ لَهُمُ النُّبُوَّةَ وَ الْمُلْكَ فِي بَيْتٍ وَاحِدٍ فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالُوا ابْعَثْ لَنا مَلِكاً نُقاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
And the Prophet-hood among the Children of Israel used to be in one household, while the kingdom and the authority used to be in another. Allah-azwj did not Gather for them the Prophet-hood and the kingdom in one household. It is from that, that they said to their Prophet-as, Appoint for us a king, we would fight in the Way of Allah [2:246].
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ هَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِنْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتالُ أَلَّا تُقاتِلُوا قالُوا وَ ما لَنا أَلَّا نُقاتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ قَدْ أُخْرِجْنا مِنْ دِيارِنا وَ أَبْنائِنا وَ كَانَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتالُ تَوَلَّوْا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِنْهُمْ
Their Prophet-as said to them, ‘Perhaps you would not fight if fighting is Prescribed for you?’ They said: ‘And what is for us except that we fight in the Way of Allah, and we and our children have been expelled from our homes?’ [2:246]. And it happened just as Allah-azwj Said: But when fighting was Prescribed upon them, they turned back, except a few of them [2:246].
فَ قالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طالُوتَ مَلِكاً فَغَضِبُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ قالُوا أَنَّى يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنا وَ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ وَ لَمْ يُؤْتَ سَعَةً مِنَ الْمالِ
Their Prophet-as said to them: And their Prophet said to them: ‘Allah has Appointed Talut to be a king over you’. [2:247]. But they were angered from that and they said, ‘How can he hold kingship over us while we have a greater right to kingship than him, and he has not been Given an abundance from the wealth?’.
وَ كَانَتِ النُّبُوَّةُ فِي وُلْدِ لَاوَى وَ الْمُلْكُ فِي وُلْدِ يُوسُفَ وَ كَانَ طَالُوتُ مِنْ وُلْدِ ابْنِ يَامِينَ أَخِي يُوسُفَ لِأُمِّهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ بَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ لَا مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَمْلَكَةِ
And the Prophet-hood used to be among the Children of Awayy, and the kingdom among the Children of Yusuf-as, and Talut was from the Children of Benyamin-as, a step-brother of Yusuf-as, neither being from the Household of the Prophet-hood nor from the Household of the kingdom (authority).
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفاهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ زادَهُ بَسْطَةً فِي الْعِلْمِ وَ الْجِسْمِ وَ اللَّهُ يُؤْتِي مُلْكَهُ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ اللَّهُ واسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ وَ كَانَ أَعْظَمَهُمْ جِسْماً وَ كَانَ شُجَاعاً قَوِيّاً وَ كَانَ أَعْلَمَهُمْ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَ فَقِيراً فَعَابُوهُ بِالْفَقْرِ فَقَالُوا لَمْ يُؤْتَ سَعَةً مِنَ الْمالِ
Their Prophet-as said to them: ‘Allah has Chosen him over you, and has Increased him abundantly in knowledge and physique; and Allah Grants His Kingdom to the one He so Desires to; and Allah is Capacious, Knowing [2:247]. And he had a well-built physique, and was brave and strong, and was their most knowledgeable one, except that he was poor. They refused due to his poverty. They said, ‘He has not been Given an abundance of wealth’.
فَ قالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ آيَةَ مُلْكِهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسى وَ آلُ هارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ
And their Prophet said to them: the sign of his kingdom is, that there shall come to you the chest wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and remnants of what the progeny of Musa and the progeny of Haroun have left, the Angels would be carrying it [2:248].
وَ كَانَ التَّابُوتُ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى مُوسَى فَوَضَعَتْهُ فِيهِ أُمُّهُ وَ أَلْقَتْهُ فِي الْيَمِّ فَكَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يَتَبَرَّكُونَ بِهِ فَلَمَّا حَضَرَ مُوسَى الْوَفَاةُ وَضَعَ فِيهِ الْأَلْوَاحَ وَ دِرْعَهُ وَ مَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ آيَاتِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ أَوْدَعَهُ يُوشَعَ وَصِيَّهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلِ التَّابُوتُ بَيْنَهُمْ حَتَّى اسْتَخَفُّوا بِهِ وَ كَانَ الصِّبْيَانُ يَلْعَبُونَ بِهِ فِي الطُّرُقَاتِ
And the chest (Taboot) which Allah-azwj Sent down upon Musa-as was the one in which his-as mother had placed him-as in when she cast him-as into the sea. It was a great thing with the Children of Israel. They used to consider themselves to be Blessed by it. When death presented itself to Musa-as, he-as placed the Tablets, and his-as armour, and whatever was with him-as from the Signs of the Prophet-hood, and left it with Yoshua-as, his-as successor-as. And the chest did not cease to be with them until such time as they belittled it, and the young boys used to play with it in the streets.
فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي عِزٍّ وَ شَرَفٍ مَا دَامَ التَّابُوتُ عِنْدَهُمْ فَلَمَّا عَمِلُوا بِالْمَعَاصِي وَ اسْتَخَفُّوا بِالتَّابُوتِ رَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ فَلَمَّا سَأَلُوا النَّبِيَّ وَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ طَالُوتَ مَلِكاً يُقَاتِلُ مَعَهُمْ رَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ التَّابُوتَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ آيَةَ مُلْكِهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسى وَ آلُ هارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ قَالَ الْبَقِيَّةُ ذُرِّيَّةُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ
The honour and nobility did not cease to be among the Children of Israel so long as the chest was with them. When they acted with the disobedience, and belittled the chest, Allah-azwj Raised it from them. When they asked the Prophet-as, Allah-azwj Appointed Talut over them as a king. They fought alongside him, so Allah-azwj Returned the chest back to them, just as he-as said: The sign of his kingdom is, that there shall come to you the chest wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and remnants of what the progeny of Musa and the progeny of Haroun have left, the Angels would be carrying it [2:248]’. He-asws said: ‘The remnants (is a reference to) the offspring of the Prophets-as’.
وَ قَوْلُهُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ فَإِنَّ التَّابُوتَ كَانَ يُوضَعُ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْعَدُوِّ وَ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَتَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ رِيحٌ طَيِّبَةٌ لَهَا وَجْهٌ كَوَجْهِ الْإِنْسَانِ
حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: السَّكِينَةُ رِيحٌ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ لَهَا وَجْهٌ كَوَجْهِ الْإِنْسَانِ وَ كَانَ إِذَا وُضِعَ التَّابُوتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ الْكُفَّارِ فَإِنْ تَقَدَّمَ التَّابُوتَ رَجُلُ لَا يَرْجِعُ حَتَّى يَغْلِبَ أَوْ يُقْتَلَ وَ مَنْ رَجَعَ عَنِ التَّابُوتِ كَفَرَ وَ قَتَلَهُ الْإِمَامُ
My father narrated to me from Al-Husayn Bin Khalid,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘The tranquillity (Al-Sakeena) is a breeze from the Paradise having a face like a face of the human, and it so happened that whenever the chest (Taboot) was placed in front of the Muslims and the Kafirs, and if a man were to go in front of the chest, he would not return until he overcame or was killed, and one who returned from the chest disbelieved and the leader killed him.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى نَبِيِّهِمْ أَنَّ جَالُوتَ يَقْتُلُهُ مَنْ يَسْتَوِي عَلَيْهِ دِرْعُ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ هُوَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ وُلْدِ لَاوَى بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ اسْمُهُ دَاوُدُ بْنُ إِيشَا وَ كَانَ إِيشَا رَاعِياً وَ كَانَ لَهُ عَشَرَةُ بَنِينَ أَصْغَرُهُمْ دَاوُدُ
Allah-azwj Revealed to their Prophet-as that Goliath would be killed by one who wears upon him an armour of Musa-as and he would be a man from the children of Lawy Bin Yaqoub-as, his name is Dawood-as son of Aysha, and Aysha was a shepherd, and there were ten sons for him, the youngest being Dawood-as.
فَلَمَّا بُعِثَ طَالُوتُ إِلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ جَمَعَهُمْ لِحَرْبِ جَالُوتَ بَعَثَ إِلَى إِيشَا أَنِ احْضُرْ وَ أَحْضِرْ وُلْدَكَ فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوا دَعَا وَاحِداً وَاحِداً مِنْ وُلْدِهِ فَأَلْبَسَهُ الدِّرْعَ دِرْعَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ طَالَ عَلَيْهِ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَصُرَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لِإِيشَا هَلْ خَلَّفْتَ مِنْ وُلْدِكَ أَحَداً قَالَ نَعَمْ أَصْغَرَهُمْ تَرَكْتُهُ فِي الْغَنَمِ رَاعِياً
And when Talut sent for the Children of Israel and gathered them for battling Golliath, sent a message to Aysha to attend and, attend his children. When they attended, he called one by one of his children to wear the armour, armour of Musa-as. From them was one it was too long upon him, and from them was one, it was too short for him. He said to Aysha, ‘Have you left behind anyone from your children?’ He sent, ‘Yes, their youngest one. I left him among the sheep as a shepherd.
فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ فَجَاءَ بِهِ فَلَمَّا دُعِيَ أَقْبَلَ وَ مَعَهُ مِقْلَاعٌ قَالَ فَنَادَاهُ ثَلَاثُ صَخَرَاتٍ فِي طَرِيقِهِ فَقَالَتْ يَا دَاوُدُ خُذْنَا فَأَخَذَهَا فِي مِخْلَاتِهِ وَ كَانَ شَدِيدَ الْبَطْشِ قَوِيّاً فِي بَدَنِهِ شُجَاعاً
He sent for him-as, and they came with him. When he called, he-as came and with him-as was a slingshot (catapult). Three rocks called out to him-as in his-as path saying, ‘O Dawood-as, take us!’ He-as took them in his-as bag, and he-as was of intense courage, strong in his body, brave.
فَلَمَّا جَاءَ إِلَى طَالُوتَ أَلْبَسَهُ دِرْعَ مُوسَى فَاسْتَوَى عَلَيْهِ فَ فَصَلَ طالُوتُ بِالْجُنُودِ وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مُبْتَلِيكُمْ بِنَهَرٍ فِي هَذِهِ الْمَفَازَةِ فَمَنْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنْ حِزْبِ اللَّهِ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَشْرَبْ فَهُوَ مِنَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ
When he-as came to Talut, he-as wore the armour of Musa-as, and it fit upon him-as, So when Talut departed with the forces, he said: ‘Surely Allah will Test you with a river; so the one who drinks from it, he isn’t from me, and the one who does not taste of it, he is from me, except for the one who scoops out a scoop with his hand’ [2:249].
غُرْفَةً بِيَدِهِ فَلَمَّا وَرَدُوا النَّهَرَ أَطْلَقَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَغْرِفَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ غُرْفَةً بِيَدِهِ فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِنْهُمْ فَالَّذِينَ شَرِبُوا مِنْهُ كَانُوا سِتِّينَ أَلْفاً وَ هَذَا امْتِحَانٌ امْتُحِنُوا بِهِ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ
When they came to the river, Allah-azwj Notified them each one of them should scoop with his hand. They drank from it except a few of them, and those who drank from it were sixty thousand, and this is a Test they had been Tested with just as Allah-azwj Said’.
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الْقَلِيلُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَشْرَبُوا وَ لَمْ يَغْتَرِفُوا ثَلَاثُمِائَةٍ وَ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا فَلَمَّا جَاوَزُوا النَّهَرَ وَ نَظَرُوا إِلَى جُنُودِ جَالُوتَ قَالَ الَّذِينَ شَرِبُوا لا طاقَةَ لَنَا الْيَوْمَ بِجالُوتَ وَ جُنُودِهِ وَ قَالَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَشْرَبُوا رَبَّنا أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنا صَبْراً وَ ثَبِّتْ أَقْدامَنا وَ انْصُرْنا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكافِرِينَ
And it has been reported from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The few who neither drank (from the river) nor scooped from it were three hundred and thirteen men. So when they crossed the river and saw the army of Goliath, the ones who had drunk from it said ‘There is no strength for us today with (confronting) Goliath and his army’. [2:249] And the ones who had not drunk from it said: And when they went out to duel Goliath and his army, they said: ‘O Lord! Pour upon us patience, and affirm our feet and Help us against the Kafir people [2:250]’.
فَجَاءَ دَاوُدُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَوَقَفَ بِحِذَاءِ جَالُوتَ وَ كَانَ جَالُوتُ عَلَى الْفِيلِ وَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ التَّاجُ وَ فِي جَبْهَتِهِ يَاقُوتَةٌ يَلْمَعُ نُورُهَا وَ جُنُودُهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَأَخَذَ دَاوُدُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَحْجَارِ حَجَراً فَرَمَى بِهِ فِي مَيْمَنَةِ جَالُوتَ
Dawood-as went until he-as paused by the feet of Goliath, and Goliath was upon the elephant, and on his head was the crown, and Sapphire was embedded into it at the front of it, and its light was shining, and his army was in front of him. Dawood-as grabbed three stones from there and threw them on the right-hand side of Goliath.
فَمَرَّ فِي الْهَوَاءِ فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَانْهَزَمُوا وَ أَخَذَ حَجَراً آخَرَ فَرَمَى بِهِ فِي مَيْسَرَةِ جَالُوتَ فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَانْهَزَمُوا وَ رَمَى جَالُوتَ بِحَجَرٍ فَصَكَّتِ الْيَاقُوتَةُ فِي جَبْهَتِهِ وَ وَصَلَتْ إِلَى دِمَاغِهِ وَ وَقَعَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ مَيِّتاً
They flew into the air and struck them, and they were defeated. And he-as grabbed another stone, and he-as threw it on the left-hand side of Goliath. So, it struck them, and defeated them. And he-as threw at Goliath, the third stone, and the Sapphire pierced his forehead, and entered into his brain, and he fell down to the ground, dead’.
وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ فَهَزَمُوهُمْ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ قَتَلَ داوُدُ جالُوتَ
And it is His-azwj Word: And Dawood killed Goliath [2:251]’’.[83]
Notes –
قيل كان التابوت في أيدي أعداء بني إسرائيل من العمالقة غلبوهم عليه لما مرج أمر بني إسرائيل و حدث فيهم الأحداث ثم انتزعه الله من أيديهم و رده على بني إسرائيل تحمله الملائكة عن- ابن عباس و وهب و روي ذلك عن أبي عبد الله عليه السلام
It is said the chest was in the hands of the enemies of children of Israel, from the Amelekites. They had overcome upon it when the matters of the children of Israel were turbulent and the events occurred among them. Then Allah-azwj Snatched it from their hands and Retrned it to the children of Israel. The Angels carried it’. – From Ibn Abbas, and Wahab, and that is reported from Abu Abdullah-asws’.
5- ب، قرب الإسناد ابْنُ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: السَّكِينَةُ رِيحٌ تَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ لَهَا صُورَةٌ كَصُورَةِ الْإِنْسَانِ وَ رَائِحَةٌ طَيِّبَةٌ وَ هِيَ الَّتِي أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَأَقْبَلَتْ تَدُورُ حَوْلَ أَرْكَانِ الْبَيْتِ وَ هُوَ يَضَعُ الْأَسَاطِينَ قُلْنَا هِيَ مِنَ الَّتِي قَالَ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسى وَ آلُ هارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Ibn Isa, from Ibn Asbat,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘The tranquillity (Al-Sakeena) is a breeze coming out from the Paradise having an image for it like an image of the human beings, and a good aroma, and it is which descended unto Ibrahim-as. So it came and circled around the corners of the House, and it placed the authorities’. It was said to him-as, ‘Is it from which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and remnants of what the progeny of Musa and the progeny of Haroun have left, the Angels would be carrying it [2:248]?’.
قَالَ تِلْكَ السَّكِينَةُ كَانَتْ فِي التَّابُوتِ وَ كَانَتْ فِيهَا طَسْتٌ يُغْسَلُ فِيهَا قُلُوبُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ كَانَ التَّابُوتُ يَدُورُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مَعَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا
He-asws said: ‘That tranquillity was in the chest, and therein was a tray in which the hearts of the Prophets-as were washed, and the chest circled among the Children of Israel with the Prophets-as, then it came to us-asws’.
فَقَالَ فَمَا تَابُوتُكُمْ قُلْنَا السِّلَاحُ قَالَ صَدَقْتُمْ هُوَ تَابُوتُكُمْ الْخَبَرَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘So, what is your chest (Taboot)? We-asws said: ‘The weapons’. He said, ‘You-asws speak the truth, it is your-asws chest’ – the Hadeeth’.[84]
6- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتالُ تَوَلَّوْا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِنْهُمْ قَالَ كَانَ الْقَلِيلُ سِتِّينَ أَلْفاً
My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ali Bin Al Numan, from Haroun Bin Kharjat, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: But when fighting was Prescribed upon them, they turned back, except a few of them [2:246]. He-asws said: ‘The few were sixty thousand’’.[85]
7- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: السَّكِينَةُ الْإِيمَانُ
‘Ma’any Al Aakhbaar’ – My father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashary, from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Al A’ala, from Muhammad,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The tranquillity (Al-Sakeena) is the Eman’’.[86]
8- مع، معاني الأخبار ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا كَانَ تَابُوتُ مُوسَى وَ كَمْ كَانَ سَعَتُهُ قَالَ ثَلَاثُ أَذْرُعٍ فِي ذِرَاعَيْنِ
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Safar, from Ibn Hashim, from Ibn Marar, from Yunus,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws saying, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! What was the chest (Taboot) of Musa-as and how much was its capacity?’ He-asws said: ‘Three cubits by three cubits’.
قُلْتُ مَا كَانَ فِيهِ قَالَ عَصَا مُوسَى وَ السَّكِينَةُ قُلْتُ وَ مَا السَّكِينَةُ قَالَ رُوحُ اللَّهِ يَتَكَلَّمُ كَانُوا إِذَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِي شَيْءٍ كَلَّمَهُمْ وَ أَخْبَرَهُمْ بِبَيَانِ مَا يُرِيدُونَ
I said, ‘What was in it?’ He-asws said: ‘Staff of Musa-as and Al-Sakeena (the tranquillity)’. I said, ‘And what is Al-Sakeena?’ He-asws said: ‘A speaking Spirit of Allah-azwj. It was so that whenever they differed regarding anything, it spoke to them and informed them of the explanations which they wanted’’.[87]
9- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ السَّكِينَةُ عِنْدَكُمْ فَلَمْ يَدْرِ الْقَوْمُ مَا هِيَ
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ismail Bin Hamam,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said to a man: ‘Which thing is Al-Sakeena (the tranquillity) in your presence?’ But the group did not know what it was. They said, ‘May Allah-azwj Make us to be sacrificed for you-asws! What is it?’
فَقَالُوا جَعَلَنَا اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ مَا هِيَ قَالَ رِيحٌ تَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ طَيِّبَةٌ لَهَا صُورَةٌ كَصُورَةِ الْإِنْسَانِ تَكُونُ مَعَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ وَ هِيَ الَّتِي أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حِينَ بَنَى الْكَعْبَةَ فَجَعَلَتْ تَأْخُذُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ بَنَى الْأَسَاسَ عَلَيْهَا
He-asws said: ‘An aromatic breeze coming out from the Paradise having a face for it like a face of the human beings. It was with the Prophets-as, and it is which descended unto Ibrahim-as when he-as (re) built the Kabah, and it went on to take such and such (materials), and built the foundations upon it’’.[88]
Commentary –
قال الطبرسي رحمه الله اختلف في السكينة فقيل إن السكينة التي فيه كانت ريحا هفافة من الجنة لها وجه كوجه الإنسان عن- علي عليه السلام
Al Tabarsee said, ‘There is differing regarding the tranquility (Al Sakeena). It is said that ‘Al Sakeena’ is that in which was a gentle breeze from the Paradise. There was a face for it like the face of a human being’ – From Ali-asws.
و قيلكان له جناحان و رأس كرأس الهرة من الزبرجد و الزمرد عن- مجاهد و روي ذلك في أخبارنا.
And it is said, ‘There were two wings for him and a head like the head of a cat, made of chrysolite and the emerald’ – from Mujahid (non-Shia source), and that is reported in our Ahadeeth.
و قيل كان فيه آية يسكنون إليها عن عطاء و قيل روح من الله يكلمهم بالبيان عند وقوع الاختلاف عن وهب و اختلف في البقية أيضا فقيل إنها عصا موسى و رضاض الألواح عن- ابن عباس و قتادة و السدي و هو المروي عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام
And it is said, ‘Where was a Sign they were being tranquil to’ – from Ata’a (non-Shia source); and it is said, ‘A Spirit from Allah talking to them withi the explanations during the occurrence of differings’ – from Wahab (Yemeni scholar expert in Judeo Christian literature); and there is differing regarding the remnants as well. It is said these were the staff of Musa-as, and rubble of the Tablets – from Ibn Abbas, and Qatada (non Shia), and Al Sadi (Non-Shia), and it is reported from Abu Ja’far-asws.
و قيل هي التوراة و شيء من ثياب موسى عليه السلام عن الحسن و قيل و كان فيه لوحان أيضا من التوراة و قفيز من المن الذي كان ينزل عليهم و نعلا موسى و عمامة هارون و عصاه هذه أقوال أهل التفسير في السكينة و البقية
And it is said these are the Torah and things from the clothes of Musa-as – from Al-Hassan (Al Basri); and it is said, and in it were two Tablets also from the Torah, and a measure of the Manna which used to descend upon them, and slippers of Musa-as, and turban of Haroun-as, and his staff – These are words of the interpreters regarding Al Sakeena (the tranquillity) and the remnants.
و الظاهر أن السكينة أمنة و طمأنينة جعلها الله سبحانه فيه ليسكن إليه بنو إسرائيل و البقية جائز أن يكون بقية من العلم أو شيئا من علامات الأنبياء و جائز أن يتضمنهما جميعا
And the apparent is that the tranquility (Al Sakeena) is safety and tranquiity. Allah-azwj the Glorious Made it to be in it for the children of Israel to be tranquil to it; and the remnants, it may be remnants of the knowledge or something from the Signs of the Prophets-as, and maybe it includes both together.
10- ك، إكمال الدين الْقَطَّانُ عَنِ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ قَامَ بِالْأَمْرِ بَعْدَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ صَابِراً مِنَ الطَّوَاغِيتِ عَلَى الأواء [اللَّأْوَاء] وَ الضَّرَّاءِ وَ الْجَهْدِ وَ الْبَلَاءِ حَتَّى مَضَى مِنْهُمْ ثَلَاثَةُ طَوَاغِيتَ فَقَوِيَ بَعْدَهُمْ أَمْرُهُ
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – Al Qatan, from Al Sakry, from al Jowhary, from Ibn Amara, from his father,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Yoshua-as Bin Noun-as stood with the command after Musa-as, patient from the tyrants upon the harm, and the adversities, and the struggles and the affliction until three tyrants from them died, so his-as command was strengthened after them.
فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلَانِ مِنْ مُنَافِقِي قَوْمِ مُوسَى بِصَفْرَاءَ بِنْتِ شُعَيْبٍ امْرَأَةِ مُوسَى فِي مِائَةِ أَلْفِ رَجُلٍ فَقَاتَلُوا يُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ فَغَلَبَهُمْ وَ قَتَلَ مِنْهُمْ مَقْتَلَةً عَظِيمَةً وَ هَزَمَ الْبَاقِينَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ وَ أَسَرَ صَفْرَاءَ بِنْتَ شُعَيْبٍ وَ قَالَ لَهَا قَدْ عَفَوْتُ عَنْكِ فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلَى أَنْ نَلْقَى نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ مُوسَى فَأَشْكُوَ مَا لَقِيتُ مِنْكِ وَ مِنْ قَوْمِكِ
Two men came from the hypocrites from the people of Musa-as came to him-as with Safura daughter of Shuayb-as, wife (widow) of Musa-as, among one hundred thousand men, and they fought against Yoshua Bin Noun-as, and he-as killed from them a great many fighters and defeated the remainder by the Permission of Allah-azwj, Exalted is His-azwj Mention, and captured Safura daughter of Shuayb-as and said to her: ‘I-as have pardoned you in the world up to the point we meet the Prophet-as of Allah-azwj Musa-as and I-as shall complain of what I-as faced from you and from your people’.
فَقَالَتْ صَفْرَاءُ وَا وَيْلَاهْ وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أُبِيحَتْ لِيَ الْجَنَّةُ لَاسْتَحْيَيْتُ أَنْ أَرَى فِيهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ قَدْ هَتَكْتُ حِجَابَهُ وَ خَرَجْتُ عَلَى وَصِيِّهِ بَعْدَهُ
‘Safura said, ‘O woe! By Allah-azwj, if you-as were to legalise the Paradise for me, I would be embarrassed to see Rasool-as of Allah-azwj (Musa-as) in it, and I have violated his-as veil and came out against his-as successor-as after him-as’.
فَاسْتَتَرَ الْأَئِمَّةُ بَعْدَ يُوشَعَ إِلَى زَمَانِ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ وَ كَانُوا أَحَدَ عَشَرَ وَ كَانَ قَوْمُ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ يَخْتَلِفُونَ إِلَيْهِ فِي وَقْتِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُونَ عَنْهُ مَعَالِمَ دِينِهِمْ حَتَّى انْتَهَى الْأَمْرُ إِلَى آخِرِهِمْ فَغَابَ عَنْهُمْ
They concealed, the Imams after Yoshua-as up to the era of Dawood-as for four hundred years, and they were eleven, and a group of each one of them were differing to him-as during his-as time, and they were taking form him-as the information of their Religion until the command ended up to the last of them, and he disappeared from them.
ثُمَّ ظَهَرَ فَبَشَّرَهُمْ بِدَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ أَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ هُوَ الَّذِي يُطَهِّرُ الْأَرْضَ مِنْ جَالُوتَ وَ جُنُودِهِ وَ يَكُونُ فَرَجُهُمْ فِي ظُهُورِهِ وَ كَانُوا يَنْتَظِرُونَهُ
Then he appeared and gave glad tidings to them of Dawood-as, and informed them that Dawood-as, he-as is the one who will clean the earth from Goliath and his army, and their relief would happen during his-as appearance, and they were awaiting him-as.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ زَمَانُ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَانَ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةُ إِخْوَةٍ وَ لَهُمْ أَبٌ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ وَ كَانَ دَاوُدُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ خَامِلَ الذِّكْرِ وَ كَانَ أَصْغَرَ إِخْوَتِهِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ دَاوُدُ النَّبِيُّ الْمُنْتَظَرُ الَّذِي يُطَهِّرُ الْأَرْضَ مِنْ جَالُوتَ وَ جُنُودِهِ وَ كَانَتِ الشِّيعَةُ يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ وُلِدَ وَ بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَ كَانُوا يَرَوْنَهُ وَ يُشَاهِدُونَهُ وَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ هُوَ
When it was the era of Dawood-as there were four brothers for him-as and for them was a father, old, aged; and from between them Dawood-as was the quiet male, and he-as was the youngest of his-as brothers. They were not knowing that he-as is Dawood-as the Prophet-as, the awaited who will clean the earth from Jalut and his army, and the Shias (adherents) were knowing that he-as had been born and had reached the strength and were seeing him-as and were witnessing him-as but were not knowing he-as was him.
فَخَرَجَ دَاوُدُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ إِخْوَتُهُ وَ أَبُوهُمْ لَمَّا فَصَلَ طالُوتُ بِالْجُنُودِ وَ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُمْ دَاوُدُ وَ قَالَ مَا يُصْنَعُ بِي فِي هَذَا الْوَجْهِ وَ اسْتَهَانَ بِهِ إِخْوَتُهُ وَ أَبُوهُ وَ أَقَامَ فِي غَنَمِ أَبِيهِ يَرْعَاهَا
Dawood-as and his-as brothers and their father went out when Talut departed with the army, and Dawood-as stayed behind from them and he-as said: ‘What can be done with me-as in this direction?’ And his-as brothers and his-as father underestimated him-as and established him-as to be among the sheep of his-as father, pasturing them.
فَاشْتَدَّتِ الْحَرْبُ وَ أَصَابَ النَّاسَ جَهْدٌ فَرَجَعَ أَبُوهُ وَ قَالَ لِدَاوُدَ احْمِلْ إِلَى إِخْوَتِكَ طَعَاماً يَتَقَوَّوْنَ بِهِ عَلَى الْعَدُوِّ وَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ رَجُلًا قَصِيراً قَلِيلَ الشَّعْرِ طَاهِرَ الْقَلْبِ أَخْلَاقُهُ نَقِيَّةٌ فَخَرَجَ وَ الْقَوْمُ مُتَقَارِبُونَ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ قَدْ رَجَعَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ إِلَى مَرْكَزِهِ
The battle intensified and the people were hit by difficulties, so his-as father returned and said to Dawood-as, ‘Carry food for your-as brothers so they can be enduring with it upon the enemy. He-as was a short man, of little hair, clean of heart, his-as manners pure. He-as went out and the people were convergent, some of them from others, each one from them having returned to his position.
فَمَرَّ دَاوُدُ عَلَى حَجَرٍ فَقَالَ الْحَجَرُ لَهُ بِنِدَاءٍ رَفِيعٍ يَا دَاوُدُ خُذْنِي فَاقْتُلْ بِي جَالُوتَ فَإِنِّي إِنَّمَا خُلِقْتُ لِقَتْلِهِ فَأَخَذَهُ وَ وَضَعَهُ فِي مِخْلَاتِهِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ يَكُونُ فِيهَا حِجَارَتُهُ الَّتِي كَانَ يَرْمِي بِهَا غَنَمَهُ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْعَسْكَرَ سَمِعَهُمْ يُعَظِّمُونَ أَمْرَ جَالُوتَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مَا تُعَظِّمُونَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنْ عَايَنْتُهُ لَأَقْتُلَنَّهُ
Dawood-as passed by a stone and the stone said to him-as by a loud call, ‘O Dawood-as! Take me and kill Goliath with me, for rather I have been Created to kill him’. So, he-as took it and placed it in his bad which contained the stoned which he used to pelt his-as sheep with. When he-as entered the army, he-as heard them magnifying the matter of Goliath. He-as said to them: ‘What are you magnifying from his matter? By Allah-azwj! If I-as see him, I-as will kill him’.
فَتَحَدَّثُوا بِخَبَرِهِ حَتَّى أُدْخِلَ عَلَى طَالُوتَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا فَتَى مَا عِنْدَكَ مِنَ الْقُوَّةِ وَ مَا جَرَّبْتَ مِنْ نَفْسِكَ قَالَ قَدْ كَانَ الْأَسَدُ يَعْدُو عَلَى الشَّاةِ مِنْ غَنَمِي فَأُدْرِكُهُ وَ آخُذُ بِرَأْسِهِ وَ أُقَلِّبُ لَحْيَهُ عَنْهَا فَآخُذُهَا مِنْ فِيهِ
They discussed his-as news until he-as came up to Talut. He said to him-as, ‘O youth! What strength is there with you-as and experience from yourself-as?’ He-as said: ‘A lion had lied in wait upon a sheep from my sheep, and I-as cut across it and took hold of its head and overturned it and grabbed it from its mouth’.
وَ قَدْ كَانَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى طَالُوتَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَقْتُلُ جَالُوتَ إِلَّا مَنْ لَبِسَ دِرْعَكَ فَمَلَأَهَا فَدَعَا بِدِرْعِهِ فَلَبِسَهَا دَاوُدُ فَاسْتَوَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَرَاعَ ذَلِكَ طَالُوتَ وَ مَنْ حَضَرَهُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ جَالُوتَ بِهِ
And Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to Talut that Goliath cannot be killed except by one who wears your armour and it fits. He called for his armour and Dawood-as wore it and it fit upon him-as. Talut and the ones from the Children of Israel who were present saw that. He said, ‘I hope Allah-azwj Kills Goliath by him-as’.
فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحُوا وَ الْتَقَى النَّاسُ قَالَ دَاوُدُ أَرُونِي جَالُوتَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَخَذَ الْحَجَرَ فَرَمَاهُ بِهِ فَصَكَّ بِهِ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ فَدَمَغَهُ وَ تَنَكَّسَ عَنْ دَابَّتِهِ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ قَتَلَ دَاوُدُ جَالُوتَ وَ مَلَّكَهُ النَّاسُ حَتَّى لَمْ يَكُنْ يُسْمَعُ لِطَالُوتَ ذِكْرٌ
When it was morning and the people met (in battle), Dawood-as said: ‘Show me-as Goliath’. When he-as saw him, he-as took the stone and threw it and it hit him between his eyes and pierced his brain and he overturned from his animal. The people said, ‘Dawood-as had killed Goliath!’ And the people considered him-as a king to the extent that the mention of Talut was not heard.
وَ اجْتَمَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِ الزَّبُورَ وَ عَلَّمَهُ صَنْعَةَ الْحَدِيدِ فَلَيَّنَهُ لَهُ وَ أَمَرَ الْجِبَالَ وَ الطَّيْرَ أَنْ تُسَبِّحَ مَعَهُ وَ أَعْطَاهُ صَوْتاً لَمْ يُسْمَعْ بِمِثْلِهِ حُسْناً وَ أُعْطِيَ قُوَّةً فِي الْعِبَادَةِ وَ أَقَامَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ نَبِيّاً
And the Children of Israel gathered to him-as and Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed the Psalms unto him-as and Taught him-as the making of iron and Softened it for him-as, and Commanded the mountains and the bird to glorify (Allah-azwj) along with him-as, and Gave him-as such excellent voice the like of which had not been heard, and Gave him-as strength regarding the worship, and he-as stood among the Children of Israel as a Prophet-as.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَخْلِفَ سُلَيْمَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ يَأْمُرُهُ بِذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا أَخْبَرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ضَجُّوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ قَالُوا يَسْتَخْلِفُ عَلَيْنَا حَدَثاً وَ فِينَا مَنْ هُوَ أَكْبَرُ مِنْهُ
Then Dawood-as wanted to make Suleyman-as a Caliph because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to him-as Commanding him-as with that. When the Children of Israel were informed, they raised a clamour from that, and they said, ‘He-as makes a Caliph upon us a young one while among us there is one who is older than him!’
فَدَعَا أَسْبَاطَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ قَدْ بَلَغَتْنِي مَقَالَتُكُمْ فَأَرُونِي عِصِيَّكُمْ فَأَيُّ عَصًا أَثْمَرَتْ فَصَاحِبُهَا وَلِيُّ الْأَمْرِ بَعْدِي فَقَالُوا رَضِينَا وَ قَالَ لِيَكْتُبْ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمْ اسْمَهُ عَلَى عَصَاهُ فَكَتَبُوا ثُمَّ جَاءَ سُلَيْمَانُ بِعَصَاهُ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهَا اسْمَهُ ثُمَّ أُدْخِلَتْ بَيْتاً وَ أُغْلِقَ الْبَابُ وَ حَرَسَهُ رُءُوسُ أَسْبَاطِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
He-as called the tribes of the Children of Israel and said to them: ‘Your talk has reached me-as. Show me your staffs, so whichever staff bears fruit, then its owner would be the master of the command after me-as’. They said, ‘We agree’. And he-as said: ‘Let each one of you his name upon his staff’. They wrote. Then Suleyman-as came with his-as staff and wrote his-as name upon it, then entered these in room and locked the door, and the chiefs of the Children of Israel guarded it.
فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ صَلَّى بِهِمُ الْغَدَاةَ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ فَفَتَحَ الْبَابَ فَأَخْرَجَ عِصِيَّهُمْ وَ قَدْ أَوْرَقَتْ عَصَا سُلَيْمَانَ وَ قَدْ أَثْمَرَتْ فَسَلَّمُوا ذَلِكَ لِدَاوُدَ فَاخْتَبَرَهُ بِحَضْرَةِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
When it was morning, he-as prayed the morning Salat with them, then went to open the door, and they brought out their staffs, and the staff of Suleyman had sprouted leaves and bore fruit. They submitted that to Dawood-as, and he-as examined it in the presence of the Children of Israel.
فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا بُنَيَّ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ أَبْرَدُ قَالَ عَفْوُ اللَّهِ عَنِ النَّاسِ وَ عَفْوُ النَّاسِ بَعْضِهِمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ فَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ أَحْلَى قَالَ الْمَحَبَّةُ وَ هِيَ رَوْحُ اللَّهِ فِي عِبَادِهِ
He-as said to him-as: ‘O my-as son-as! Which thing is most relaxing?’ He-as said: ‘Pardon of Allah-azwj of the people, and pardoning of the people of each other’. He-as said: ‘O my-as son-as! Which thing is sweetest?’ He-as said: ‘The love, and it is a Spirit of Allah-azwj among His-azwj servants.
فَافْتَرَّ دَاوُدُ ضَاحِكاً فَسَارَ بِهِ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ هَذَا خَلِيفَتِي فِيكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي ثُمَّ أَخْفَى سُلَيْمَانُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَمْرَهُ وَ تَزَوَّجَ بِامْرَأَةٍ وَ اسْتَتَرَ مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَسْتَتِرَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ امْرَأَتَهُ قَالَتْ لَهُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي مَا أَكْمَلَ خِصَالُكَ وَ أَطْيَبَ رِيحُكَ وَ لَا أَعْلَمُ لَكَ خَصْلَةً أَكْرَهُهَا إِلَّا أَنَّكَ فِي مَئُونَةِ أَبِي فَلَوْ دَخَلْتَ السُّوقَ فَتَعَرَّضْتَ لِرِزْقِ اللَّهِ رَجَوْتُ أَنْ لَا يُخَيِّبَكَ
Dawood-as winked laughing and went with him-as among the Children of Israel and said: ‘This is my-as Caliph among you all from after me-as’. Then Suleyman-as concealed his-as matter after that and married a woman and veiled from his-as Shias (adherent) for as long as Allah-azwj Desired him-as to veil. Then his-as wife said to him-as one day, ‘May my father and my mother be (sacrificed) for you-as! How perfect are your-as characteristics and aromatic is your-as aroma! And I do not know any characteristic for you-as which I dislike except that you-as are refusing regarding the provisions. If only you would enter that market and expose to the sustenance of Allah-azwj I hope you will not be disappointed’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا سُلَيْمَانُ إِنِّي وَ اللَّهِ مَا عَمِلْتُ عَمَلًا قَطُّ وَ لَا أُحْسِنُهُ
Suleyman-as said to her: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-as do not do any work at all nor am I-as good at it’.
فَدَخَلَ السُّوقَ فَجَالَ يَوْمَهُ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَلَمْ يُصِبْ شَيْئاً فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا أَصَبْتُ شَيْئاً قَالَتْ لَا عَلَيْكَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنِ الْيَوْمَ كَانَ غَداً فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ خَرَجَ إِلَى السُّوقِ فَجَالَ فِيهِ فَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى شَيْءٍ وَ رَجَعَ فَأَخْبَرَهَا فَقَالَتْ يَكُونُ غَداً إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
He-as entered the market and wandered around that day of his-as, then returned, not achieving anything. He-as said to her: ‘I-as did not attain anything’. She said, ‘No, if it did not happen tomorrow, it will happen tomorrow’. When it was the next morning, he-as went out to the market and wandered around in it, but was not able upon anything and returned, and informed her. She said, ‘It will happen tomorrow, if Allah-azwj Desires’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ مَضَى حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِصَيَّادٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ أُعِينَكَ وَ تُعْطِيَنَا شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَعَانَهُ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ أَعْطَاهُ الصَّيَّادُ سَمَكَتَيْنِ فَأَخَذَهُمَا وَ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ شَقَّ بَطْنَ إِحْدَاهُمَا فَإِذَا هُوَ بِخَاتَمٍ فِي بَطْنِهَا فَأَخَذَهُ فَصَيَّرَهُ فِي ثَوْبِهِ وَ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَصْلَحَ السَّمَكَتَيْنِ وَ جَاءَ بِهِمَا إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ
When it was during the third day, he-as went until he-as ended up to a coast of the sea, and there was a fisherman. He-as said to him: ‘Is if okay for you if I-as were to assist you and you give us-as something?’ He said, ‘Yes’. He-as assisted him. When he-as was free, the fisherman gave him two fishes. He-as took them and praised Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. Then he-as split open the belly of one of them and there it was with a ring in its belly. He-as took it and put it is his-as cloth (pocket) and praise Allah-azwj, and corrected the two fishes and came with them to his-as house.
وَ فَرِحَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ بِذَلِكَ وَ قَالَتْ لَهُ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ تَدْعُوَ أَبَوَيَّ حَتَّى يَعْلَمَا أَنَّكَ قَدْ كَسَبْتَ فَدَعَاهُمَا فَأَكَلَا مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا قَالَ لَهُمْ هَلْ تَعْرِفُونِّي قَالُوا لَا وَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أَنَّا لَمْ نَرَ خَيْراً مِنْكَ
And his-as wife rejoiced with that and said to him-as, ‘I want you-as to invite my parent to let them know that you-as have earned’. He-as called them and they ate with him-as. When they were free, he-as said to them: ‘Do you recognise me-as?’ They said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, except we have not seen anyone better than you-as’.
فَأَخْرَجَ خَاتَمَهُ فَلَبِسَهُ فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِ الطَّيْرُ وَ الرِّيحُ وَ غَشِيَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَ حَمَلَ الْجَارِيَةَ وَ أَبَوَيْهَا إِلَى بِلَادِ إِصْطَخْرَ وَ اجْتَمَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ الشِّيعَةُ وَ اسْتَبْشَرُوا بِهِ فَفَرَّجَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا فِيهِ مِنْ حَيْرَةِ غَيْبَتِهِ
He-as brought out his-as ring and wore it, and the birds and the breezes fell down upon it and the Angel came down and carried the girl and her parents to the city of Istakhar (Persepolis), and the Shias gathered to him-as and rejoiced with him-as. Allah-azwj Relieved from them whatever they were in from the confusion of his-as occultation.
فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ أَوْصَى إِلَى آصَفَ بْنِ بَرْخِيَا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بَيْنَهُمْ تَخْتَلِفُ إِلَيْهِ الشِّيعَةُ وَ يَأْخُذُونَ عَنْهُ مَعَالِمَ دِينِهِمْ
When the death presented, he-as bequeathed to Aasif-as Bin Barkhiya-as by the Permission of Allah-azwj, Exalted is His-azwj Mention. He-as did not cease to be between them, the Shias interchanging to him-as and taking the information of their Religion from him-as.
ثُمَّ غَيَّبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ آصَفَ غَيْبَةً طَالَ أَمَدُهَا ثُمَّ ظَهَرَ لَهُمْ فَبَقِيَ بَيْنَ قَوْمِهِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ وَدَّعَهُمْ فَقَالُوا لَهُ أَيْنَ الْمُلْتَقَى قَالَ عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ وَ غَابَ عَنْهُمْ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Caused the occultation of Aasif, an occultation of prolonged duration. Then he-as appeared to them and remained between his-as people for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired. Then he-as bade them farewell and they said to him-as, ‘Where will we meet?’ He-as said: ‘Upon the Bridge (in the Hereafter)’, and he-as disappeared from them for as long as Allah-azwj Desired.
وَ اشْتَدَّتِ الْبَلْوَى عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِغَيْبَتِهِ وَ تَسَلَّطَ عَلَيْهِمْ بُخْتَنَصَّرُ فَجَعَلَ يَقْتُلُ مَنْ يَظْفَرُ بِهِ مِنْهُمْ وَ يَطْلُبُ مَنْ يَهْرُبُ وَ يَسْبِي ذَرَارِيَّهُمْ فَاصْطَفَى مِنَ السَّبْيِ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ يَهُودَا أَرْبَعَةَ نَفَرٍ فِيهِمْ دَانِيَالُ وَ اصْطَفَى مِنْ وُلْدِ هَارُونَ عُزَيْراً وَ هُمْ حِينَئِذٍ صِبْيَةٌ صِغَارٌ
And the calamities intensified upon the Children of Israel due to his-as occultation, and Bakht Nasr overcame upon them and went on to kill whoever he was victorious with from them and sought ones who fled, and captured their offspring. He chose from the captives from the household of Yehouda, four persons, among them being Danyal-as, and chose from the children of Haroun-as, Uzayr-as, and on that day they-as young children.
فَمَكَثُوا فِي يَدِهِ وَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي الْعَذَابِ الْمُهِينِ وَ الْحُجَّةُ دَانِيَالُ أَسِيرٌ فِي يَدِ بُخْتُنَصَّرَ تِسْعِينَ سَنَةً فَلَمَّا عَرَفَ فَضْلَهُ وَ سَمِعَ أَنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يَنْتَظِرُونَ خُرُوجَهُ وَ يَرْجُونَ الْفَرَجَ فِي ظُهُورِهِ وَ عَلَى يَدِهِ أَمَرَ أَنْ يُجْعَلَ فِي جُبٍّ عَظِيمٍ وَاسِعٍ وَ يُجْعَلَ مَعَهُ الْأَسَدُ لِيَأْكُلَهُ فَلَمْ يَقْرَبْهُ
They remained in his hands, and the Children of Israel were in the humiliating torment, and the Divine Authority Danyal-as was a captive in the hands of Bakht Nasr for years. When he realised his-as merits and heard that the Children of Israel were awaiting his-as advent and were hoping for the relief during his-as appearance, and upon his-as hand would be the command, he made him-as be in a great capacious pit and made the lion to be with him-as to devour him-as. But it did not come near him-as.
وَ أُمِرَ أَنْ لَا يَطْعَمَ فَكَانَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَأْتِيهِ بِطَعَامِهِ وَ شَرَابِهِ عَلَى يَدِ نَبِيٍّ مِنْ أَنْبِيَاءِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَكَانَ يَصُومُ دَانِيَالُ النَّهَارَ وَ يُفْطِرُ اللَّيْلَ عَلَى مَا يُدْلَى إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ
And he ordered that he-as should not be fed. Allah-azwj the Exalted brought to him-as his-as food and his-as drink upon the hands of a Prophet-as from the Prophets-as of the Children of Israel. Danyal-as used to Fast during the day and break Fast at night upon what had been brought to him-as from the food.
وَ اشْتَدَّتِ الْبَلْوَى عَلَى شِيعَتِهِ وَ قَوْمِهِ الْمُنْتَظِرِينَ لِظُهُورِهِ وَ شَكَّ أَكْثَرُهُمْ فِي الدِّينِ لِطُولِ الْأَمَدِ فَلَمَّا تَنَاهَى الْبَلَاءُ بِدَانِيَالَ وَ بِقَوْمِهِ رَأَى بُخْتُنَصَّرَ فِي الْمَنَامِ كَأَنَّ مَلَائِكَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ قَدْ هَبَطَتْ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ أَفْوَاجاً إِلَى الْجُبِّ الَّذِي فِيهِ دَانِيَالُ مُسَلِّمِينَ عَلَيْهِ يُبَشِّرُونَهُ بِالْفَرَجِ
And the calamities intensified upon his-as Shias and his-as people, the ones awaiting his-as appearance, and a lot of them doubted in the Religion due to the prolonged period. When the afflictions stopped with Danyal-as and his-as people, Bakht Nasr was in the dream as if Angels from the sky had descended to the earth in droves to the pit in which was Danyal-as, submitting to him-as, giving him-as glad tidings with the relief.
فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ نَدِمَ عَلَى مَا أَتَى إِلَى دَانِيَالَ فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُخْرَجَ مِنَ الْجُبِّ فَلَمَّا أُخْرِجَ اعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ مِمَّا ارْتَكَبَ مِنْهُ مِنَ التَّعْذِيبِ ثُمَّ فَوَّضَ إِلَيْهِ النَّظَرَ فِي أُمُورِ مَمَالِكِهِ وَ الْقَضَاءَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ
When it was morning, he regretted upon what he had done to Danyal-as and ordered for him-as to be brought out from the pit. When he-as came out, he presented excuses to him-as from what had been inflicted from him of the punishment. Then he delegated to him-as, the overlooking in the affairs of his government and the judgment between the people.
فَظَهَرَ مَنْ كَانَ مُسْتَتِراً مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ رَفَعُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ وَ اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَى دَانِيَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مُوقِنِينَ بِالْفَرَجِ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ إِلَّا الْقَلِيلَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ حَتَّى مَضَى لِسَبِيلِهِ وَ أَفْضَى الْأَمْرُ بَعْدَهُ إِلَى عُزَيْرٍ وَ كَانُوا يَجْتَمِعُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ يَأْنَسُونَ بِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُونَ عَنْهُ مَعَالِمَ دِينِهِمْ
It appeared from what was veiled from the Children of Israel, and they raised their heads and gathered to Danyal-as convinced of the relief. But, none remained upon that state except a few until he-as went to his-as way. And he-as decreed the command after him-as to Uzayr-as, and they were gathering to him-as and comforting with him-as, and taking from him-as the information of their Religion.
فَغَيَّبَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ شَخْصَهُ مِائَةَ عَامٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ وَ غَابَتِ الْحُجَجُ بَعْدَهُ وَ اشْتَدَّتِ الْبَلْوَى عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ حَتَّى وُلِدَ يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ وَ تَرَعْرَعَ وَ ظَهَرَ وَ لَهُ سَبْعُ سِنِينَ
Allah-azwj Caused his-as person to disappear from them for one hundred years, then Resurrected him-as, and the Divine Authority was absent after him-as. And the calamities intensified upon the Children of Israel until Yahya Bin Zakariya was born and grew up and there were seven years for him-as.
فَقَامَ فِي النَّاسِ خَطِيباً فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ ذَكَّرَهُمْ بِأَيَّامِ اللَّهِ وَ أَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَ مِحَنَ الصَّالِحِينَ إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ لِذُنُوبِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ أَنَّ الْعَاقِبَةَ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ وَ وَعَدَهُمُ الْفَرْجَ بِقِيَامِ الْمَسِيحِ بَعْدَ نَيِّفٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً مِنْ هَذَا الْقَوْلِ
He-as stood addressing among the people. He-as praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj and reminded them of the days of Allah-azwj and informed them that the Trials of the righteous were rather due to the sins of the Children of Israel and that the end-result is for the pious, and promised them the relief by the rising of the Messiah-as after a gap of more than twenty years from this word.
فَلَمَّا وُلِدَ الْمَسِيحُ أَخْفَى اللَّهُ وِلَادَتَهُ وَ غَيَّبَ شَخْصَهُ لِأَنَّ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامُ لَمَّا حَمَلَتْهُ انْتَبَذَتْ بِهِ مَكاناً قَصِيًّا ثُمَّ إِنَّ زَكَرِيَّا وَ خَالَتَهَا أَقْبَلَا يَقُصَّانِ أَثَرَهَا حَتَّى هَجَمَا عَلَيْهَا وَ قَدْ وَضَعَتْ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا وَ هِيَ تَقُولُ يا لَيْتَنِي مِتُّ قَبْلَ هذا وَ كُنْتُ نَسْياً مَنْسِيًّا
When the Messiah-as was born, Allah-azwj Concealed his-as birth and Caused his-as person to disappear because when Maryam-as bore him, then she withdrew with him to a remote place [19:22]. Then Zakariya-as and her-as maternal aunt came following her-as footsteps until they arrived to her-as, and she-as had already placed what was in her-as belly, and she-as said: ‘I wish I had died before this, and was completely forgotten!’ [19:23].
فَأَطْلَقَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ لِسَانَهُ بِعُذْرِهَا وَ إِظْهَارِ حُجَّتِهَا فَلَمَّا ظَهَرَ اشْتَدَّتِ الْبَلْوَى وَ الطَّلَبُ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ أَكَبَّ الْجَبَابِرَةُ وَ الطَّوَاغِيتُ عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْمَسِيحِ مَا قَدْ أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ
Allah-azwj, Exalted is His-azwj Mention, Freed his-as tongue with her-as excuse and manifested her-as proof. When he-as appeared, the calamities and the demands intensified upon the Children of Israel, and the tyrants and the despots came down (hard) upon them, until it was from the matter of the Messiah-as what Allah-azwj has Informed with.
وَ اسْتَتَرَ شَمْعُونُ بْنُ حَمُّونَ وَ الشِّيعَةُ حَتَّى أَفْضَى بِهِمُ الِاسْتِتَارُ إِلَى جَزِيرَةٍ مِنْ جَزَائِرِ الْبَحْرِ فَأَقَامُوا بِهَا فَفَجَّرَ لَهُمْ فِيهَا الْعُيُونَ الْعَذْبَةَ وَ أَخْرَجَ لَهُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ الثَّمَرَاتِ وَ جَعَلَ لَهُمْ فِيهَا الْمَاشِيَةَ
And Shamoun Ibn Hamoun-as and the Shias concealed the concealment accomplished with them on an island from the islands of the sea. They stayed at it, and fresh springs burst out for them therein, and all fruits came out for them, and the livestock was made to be for them in it.
وَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ سَمَكَةً تُدْعَى الْقُمُدَّ لَا لَحْمٌ لَهَا وَ لَا عَظْمٌ وَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ جِلْدٌ وَ دَمٌ فَخَرَجَتْ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ وَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى النَّحْلِ أَنْ تَرْكَبَهَا فَرَكِبَتْهَا فَأَتَتِ النَّحْلُ إِلَى تِلْكَ الْجَزِيرَةِ وَ نَهَضَ النَّحْلُ وَ تَعَلَّقَ بِالشَّجَرِ فَعَرَشَ وَ بَنَى وَ كَثُرَ الْعَسَلُ وَ لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَفْقِدُونَ شَيْئاً مِنْ أَخْبَارِ الْمَسِيحِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ
And a fish called Al-Qamad was Sent to them, having neither flesh for it nor bones, and rather it was skin and blood. It came out from the sea, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to the bee to ride it. It rode it, and the bee came to that island. And the bee rose and attached with the tree, and it build a hive and the honey was abundant; and they were not missing out anything from the news of the Messiah-as’’.[89]
11- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الْمَلَإِ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُوسى إِذْ قالُوا لِنَبِيٍّ لَهُمُ ابْعَثْ لَنا مَلِكاً نُقاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قَالَ وَ كَانَ الْمَلِكُ فِي ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ هُوَ الَّذِي يَسِيرُ بِالجُنُودِ وَ النَّبِيُّ يُقِيمُ لَهُ أَمْرَهُ وَ يُنَبِّئُهُ الْخَيْرَ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّهِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Muhammad Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: Have you not considered the chiefs of the children of Israel after Musa, when they said to a Prophet of theirs: ‘Appoint for us a king; we would fight in the Way of Allah’ [2:246]. He-asws said: ‘And the king during that time, he was the one who travelled with the army, and the Prophet-as established his command for him and informed him of the news from his-as Lord-azwj.
فَلَمَّا قَالُوا ذَلِكَ لِنَبِيِّهِمْ قَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عِنْدَكُمْ وَفَاءٌ وَ لَا صِدْقٌ وَ لَا رَغْبَةٌ فِي الْجِهَادِ فَقَالُوا إِنْ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ الْجِهَادَ فَإِذَا أُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا وَ أَبْنَائِنَا فَلَا بُدَّ لَنَا مِنَ الْجِهَادِ وَ نُطِيعُ رَبَّنَا فِي جِهَادِ عَدُوِّنَا
When they said that to their Prophet-as, he-as said to them: ‘Surely, there isn’t with you all, neither any loyalty, nor truthfulness, nor desire regarding the Jihad’. They said, ‘If Allah-azwj has Prescribed the Jihad, so when we and our sons go out from our houses, then there is no escape for us from the Jihad, and we shall obey our Lord-azwj in fighting our enemies’.
قَالَ فَإِنَ اللَّهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طالُوتَ مَلِكاً فَقَالَتْ عُظَمَاءُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ مَا شَأْنُ طَالُوتَ يَمْلِكُ عَلَيْنَا وَ لَيْسَ فِي بَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ الْمَمْلَكَةِ وَ قَدْ عَرَفْتَ أَنَّ النُّبُوَّةَ وَ الْمَمْلَكَةَ فِي اللَّاوَى وَ يَهُودَا وَ طَالُوتُ مِنْ سِبْطِ بِنْيَامِينَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ
He-as said: ‘‘Allah has Appointed Talut to be a king over you’. [2:247]. The great ones of the Children of Israel said, ‘And what is the occupation of Talut ruling upon us, and there isn’t (cannot be) in one household, the Prophet-hood and the government?’ And they had recognised that the Prophet-hood and the government is in Al-Alwy and Yehouda, and Talut was from the tribe of Binyamin-as son of Yaqoub-as.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ اصْطَفاهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ زادَهُ بَسْطَةً فِي الْعِلْمِ وَ الْجِسْمِ وَ الْمُلْكُ بِيَدِ اللَّهِ يَجْعَلُهُ حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ لَيْسَ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَخَيَّرُوا فَإِنَ آيَةَ مُلْكِهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوتُ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ وَ هُوَ الَّذِي كُنْتُمْ تَهْزِمُونَ بِهِ مَنْ لَقِيتُمْ فَقَالُوا إِنْ جَاءَ التَّابُوتُ رَضِينَا وَ سَلَّمْنَا
He-as said to them: He said: ‘Allah has Chosen him over you, and has Increased him abundantly in knowledge and physique [2:247], and the kingdom is in the Hands of Allah-azwj. He-azwj Makes it to be wherever He-azwj so Desires to, it isn’t for you all that you should be choosing, the sign of his kingdom is, that there shall come to you the chest – from Allah-azwj, the Angels would be carrying it, wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and remnants [2:248] – and it is by which you are defeating the ones you meet (in battle)’. They said, ‘If the chest comes, we shall be pleased and submit’’.[90]
12- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسى وَ آلُ هارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ قَالَ رَضْرَاضُ الْأَلْوَاحِ فِيهَا الْعِلْمُ وَ الْحِكْمَةُ الْعِلْمُ جَاءَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَكُتِبَ فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ وَ جُعِلَ فِي التَّابُوتِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Hareyz, from a man,
‘Fom Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: there shall come to you the chest wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and remnants of what the progeny of Musa and the progeny of Haroun have left, the Angels would be carrying it [2:248]. He-asws said: ‘Rubble of the Tablets, wherein was the Knowledge and the Wisdom. The Knowledge came from the sky and was Written in the Tablets and made to be in the chest’’.[91]
13- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي الْمُحَسِّنِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسى وَ آلُ هارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ فَقَالَ ذُرِّيَّةُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Abu Al Mohsin,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having been asked about the Words of Allah-azwj: remnants of what the progeny of Musa and the progeny of Haroun have left, the Angels would be carrying it [2:248]. He-asws said: ‘Offspring of the Prophets-as’’.[92]
14- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ لِلْحَسَنِ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ السَّكِينَةُ عِنْدَكُمْ وَ قَرَأَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلى رَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحَسَنُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَا أَدْرِي فَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ هُوَ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Al Abbas Bin Hilal,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws and he-asws was saying to Al-Hassan: ‘Which this is ‘Al-Sakeena’ (the tranquillity) with you all?’ And he-asws recited: Allah Sent down the tranquillity upon His Rasool [48:26]. Al-Hassan said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! I do not know, so which thing is it?’
قَالَ رِيحٌ تَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ طَيِّبَةٌ لَهَا صُورَةٌ كَصُورَةِ وَجْهِ الْإِنْسَانِ قَالَ فَيَكُونُ مَعَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘An aromatic breeze coming out from the Paradise, having an image for it like an image of a face of the human being. It happened to be with the Prophets-as’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَسْبَاطٍ تَنْزِلُ عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ فَقَالَ تَنْزِلُ عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ قَالَ وَ هِيَ الَّتِي نَزَلَتْ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَيْثُ بَنَى الْكَعْبَةَ فَجَعَلَتْ تَأْخُذُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ يَبْنِي الْأَسَاسَ عَلَيْهَا
Ali Bin Asbat said to him-asws, ‘Does it descend unto the Prophets-as and the successors-as?’ He-asws said: ‘It descends unto the Prophets-as. And it is which descended unto Ibrahim-as when he-as built the Kabah. It kept taking such and such (material) and built the foundations upon it.
فَقَالَ لَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ قَالَ هِيَ مِنْ هَذَا
Muhammad Bin Ali said to him-asws, ‘The Words of Allah-azwj: wherein is tranquillity from your Lord [2:248]’. He-asws said: ‘It is from this’.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْحَسَنِ فَقَالَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ التَّابُوتُ فِيكُمْ فَقَالَ السِّلَاحُ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ هُوَ تَابُوتُكُمْ فَقَالَ فَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ فِي التَّابُوتِ الَّذِي كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالَ كَانَ فِيهِ أَلْوَاحُ مُوسَى الَّتِي تَكَسَّرَتْ وَ الطَّشْتُ الَّتِي يُغْسَلُ فِيهَا قُلُوبُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ
Then he-asws turned towards Al-Hassan and said: ‘Which thing is the chest among you all?’ He said, ‘The weapons’. He-asws said: ‘Yes, and it is your chest’. He said, ‘Which thing was in the chest which was among the Children of Israel?’ He-asws said: ‘There were in it the Tablets of Musa-as which were broken (pieces), and the tray in which were washed the hearts of the Prophets-as’’.[93]
15- ل، الخصال ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام سَأَلَ الشَّامِيُّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ يَوْمِ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ الَّذِي يَتَطَيَّرُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ آخِرُ أَرْبِعَاءَ فِي الشَّهْرِ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ أَخَذَتِ الْعَمَالِيقُ التَّابُوتَ
‘Al-Khisaal’, ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – The Syrian asked Amir Al-Momineen-asws about the day of Wednesday which one flees from it. He-asws said: ‘Last Wednesday during the month’ – and continued the Hadeeth up to he-asws said: ‘And on the day of Wednesday, the Amalikites seized the chest’’.[94]
16- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: كَانَ دَاوُدُ وَ أَخُوهُ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةٌ وَ مَعَهُمْ أَبُوهُمْ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ وَ تَخَلَّفَ دَاوُدُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي غَنَمٍ لِأَبِيهِ فَفَصَلَ طَالُوتُ بِالْجُنُودِ فَدَعَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ دَاوُدَ وَ هُوَ أَصْغَرُهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ اذْهَبْ إِلَى إِخْوَتِكَ بِهَذَا الَّذِي قَدْ صَنَعْنَاهُ لَهُمْ يَتَقَوَّوْنَ بِهِ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِمْ وَ كَانَ رَجُلًا قَصِيراً أَزْرَقَ قَلِيلَ الشَّعْرِ طَاهِرَ الْقَلْبِ فَخَرَجَ وَ قَدْ تَقَارَبَ الْقَوْمُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – Muhammad Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Dawood-as had four brothers for him-as, and with them was their father, old, aged, and Dawood-as stayed behind among the sheep of his-as father. Talut departed with the army, so the father of Dawood-as called Dawood-as, and he-as was their youngest, and he said, ‘O my son-as! Go to your brothers with this (meal) which we have made for them, they can be strengthened by it against their enemies’. And he-as was a short blue-eyed man, of little hair, clean of heart. He-as went out, and the people had drawn closer from each other (in battle)’’.[95]
17- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ فَمَرَّ دَاوُدُ عَلَى الْحَجَرِ فَقَالَ الْحَجَرُ يَا دَاوُدُ خُذْنِي فَاقْتُلْ بِي جَالُوتَ فَإِنِّي إِنَّمَا خُلِقْتُ لِقَتْلِهِ فَأَخَذَهُ فَوَضَعَهُ فِي مِخْلَاتِهِ الَّتِي تَكُونُ فِيهَا حِجَارَتُهُ الَّتِي كَانَ يَرْمِي بِهَا عَنْ غَنَمِهِ بِمِقْذَافِهِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘Dawood-as passed by the stone, and the stone said, ‘O Dawood-as! Take me and kill Goliath by me, for rather I have been Created to kill him’. He-as took it and placed it in his-as bag in which happened to be the stones which he-as used to pelt (predators) away from his-as sheep by his-as catapult.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْعَسْكَرَ سَمِعَهُمْ يَتَعَظَّمُونَ أَمْرَ جَالُوتَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ دَاوُدُ مَا تُعَظِّمُونَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ عَايَنْتُهُ لَأَقْتُلَنَّهُ فَتَحَدَّثُوا بِخَبَرِهِ حَتَّى أُدْخِلَ عَلَى طَالُوتَ فَقَالَ يَا فَتَى وَ مَا عِنْدَكَ مِنَ الْقُوَّةِ وَ مَا جَرَّبْتَ مِنْ نَفْسِكَ قَالَ كَانَ الْأَسَدُ يَعْدُو عَلَى الشَّاةِ مِنْ غَنَمٍ فَأُدْرِكُهُ فَآخُذُهُ بِرَأْسِهِ فَأَفُكُّ لِحْيَتَهُ عَنْهَا فَآخُذُهَا مِنْ فِيهِ
When he-as entered the army, he-as heard them magnifying the matter of Goliath. Dawood-as said to them: ‘What are you magnifying from his matter? By Allah-azwj! If I-as see him, I-as shall kill him’. They discussed his-as news until he-as came to Talut. He said, ‘O youth! And what is there with you from the strength and what is your experience from yourself?’ He-as said: ‘The lion had ambushed upon the sheep from my flock, and I-as cut across it and seized it by its head and overturned it and grabbed it from its mouth’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ ادْعُ لِي بِدِرْعٍ سَابِغَةٍ قَالَ فَأُتِيَ بِدِرْعٍ فَقَذَفَهَا فِي عُنُقِهِ فَتَمَلَّأَ مِنْهَا حَتَّى رَاعَ طَالُوتَ وَ مَنْ حَضَرَهُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ طَالُوتُ وَ اللَّهِ لَعَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ بِهِ
He-asws said: ‘He said, ‘Bring the armour to me’. They came with an armour and he-as threw it in his-as neck and it fit, to the extent that it was seen by Talut and the ones present from the Children of Israel. Talut said, ‘By Allah-azwj! I hope Allah-azwj will kill him through him-as’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَنْ أَصْبَحُوا وَ رَجَعُوا إِلَى طَالُوتَ وَ الْتَقَى النَّاسُ قَالَ دَاوُدُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَرُونِي جَالُوتَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَخَذَ الْحَجَرَ فَجَعَلَهُ فِي مِقْذَافِهِ فَرَمَاهُ فَصَكَّ بِهِ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ فَدَمَغَهُ وَ نَكَسَ عَنْ دَابَّتِهِ وَ قَالَ النَّاسُ قَتَلَ دَاوُدُ جَالُوتَ وَ مَلَّكَهُ النَّاسُ حَتَّى لَمْ يَكُنْ يُسْمَعُ لِطَالُوتَ ذِكْرٌ
He-asws said: ‘When it was morning and they returned to Talut and the people met (in battle), Dawood-as said: ‘Show me Goliath’. When he-as saw him, he-as took the stone and made it to be in his catapult and threw it, and it pierced him between his eyes and his brain, and he overturned from his animal, and the people said, ‘Dawood-as killed Goliath!’ And the people considered him-as a king to the extent that the mention of Talut was not heard.
وَ اجْتَمَعَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى دَاوُدَ وَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الزَّبُورَ وَ عَلَّمَهُ صَنْعَةَ الْحَدِيدِ فَلَيَّنَهُ لَهُ وَ أَمَرَ الْجِبَالَ وَ الطَّيْرَ يُسَبِّحْنَ مَعَهُ
And the Children of Israel gathered to him-as and Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed the Psalms unto him-as and Taught him-as the making of iron and Softened it for him-as’.
قَالَ وَ لَمْ يُعْطَ أَحَدٌ مِثْلَ صَوْتِهِ فَأَقَامَ دَاوُدُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مُسْتَخْفِياً وَ أُعْطِيَ قُوَّةً فِي عِبَادَتِهِ
He-asws said: ‘And no one has been Given the like of his-as voice. Dawood-as stayed among the Children of Israel fearful, and was Given strength in his-as worship’’.[96]
18- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ السَّمَّانِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ السِّلَاحِ فِينَا مَثَلُ التَّابُوتِ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ أَيُّ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ وُجِدَ التَّابُوتُ عَلَى بَابِهِمْ أُوتُوا النُّبُوَّةَ فَمَنْ صَارَ إِلَيْهِ السِّلَاحُ مِنَّا أُوتِيَ الْإِمَامَةَ
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Muawiya Bin Wahab, from Saeed Al Samman who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘But rather, and example of the weapons among us-asws is an example of the Ark among the Children of Israel. The Children of Israel were such that whichever family the Ark was found to be upon their door, were Given the Prophet-hood. So the one-asws from us-asws to whom the weapons come to be, is Given the Imamate’’.[97]
19- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ السُّكَيْنِ عَنْ نُوحِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ السِّلَاحِ فِينَا مَثَلُ التَّابُوتِ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ حَيْثُمَا دَارَ التَّابُوتُ دَارَ الْمُلْكُ فَأَيْنَمَا دَارَ فِينَا السِّلَاحُ دَارَ الْعِلْمُ
‘Al Kafi’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muhammad Bin Al Sukeyn, from Noah Bin Darraj, from Abdullah Bin Abu Yafour who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘But rather an example of the weapons among us-asws is an example of the Ark among the Children of Israel. Wherever the Ark went to, the Kingdom went. Wherever the weapons go to among us-asws, the Knowledge would come along with it’’.[98]
20- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِثْلَهُ
‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Abu Nasr,
‘From Al-Reza-asws – similar to it’’.[99]
21- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه قَالَ الصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَسْجِدُ السَّهْلَةِ هُوَ بَيْتُ إِدْرِيسَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ الَّذِي كَانَ يَخِيطُ فِيهِ وَ هُوَ الْمَوْضِعُ الَّذِي خَرَجَ مِنْهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ إِلَى الْعَمَالِقَةِ وَ هُوَ الْمَوْضِعُ الَّذِي خَرَجَ مِنْهُ دَاوُدُ إِلَى جَالُوتَ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Masjid Al-Sahla, it is a house of Idrees-as in which he used to sew, and it is the place from which Ibrahim-as came out to the Amalikites, and it is the place from which Dawood-as came out to Goliath’’.[100]
22 كنز الفوائد، للكراجكي ذكروا أن الوليد بن عبد الملك احتاج إلى رصاص أيام بناء مسجد دمشق فقيل إن في الأردن منارة فيها رصاص فابعث إليها قال فبعث إليها فلما أخذوا في حفرها ضرب رجل بمعول فأصاب رجلا في سفط و ناله المعول فسال دمه فقيل[101] هذا طالوت الملك فتركه و لم يخرجه[102].
‘Kanz Al Fawaaid’ of Al Karajaki – They mentioned that Al Waleed Bin Abdul Malik was needy to lead in the days he build the Masjid of Damascus. It was said, ‘In Jordan there is a Minaret wherein is lead so send for it!’ He sent someone to get it. When they took in digging it, a man struck with his axe and hit a man in a coffin, and the axe hit him. His blood flowed. It was said, ‘This is Talut (Saul), the king’. He left him and did not extract him’. – (Historical record)[103]
إلى هنا تم الجزء الثالث عشر من كتاب بحر الانوار
Up to here completes volume thirteen from the book Bihar Al Anwaar
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 1
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 2
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 3
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 4
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 5
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 6
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 7
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 8
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 9
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 10
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 11
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 12
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 13
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 14
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 15
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 16
[17] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 17
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 18
[19] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 19
[20] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 20
[21] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 21
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 13 H 1
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 13 H 2
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 13 H 3
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 1
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 2
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 3
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 4
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 5
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 6
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 7
[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 8
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 9
[34] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 1
[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 2
[36] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 3
[37] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 4
[38] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 5
[39] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 6
[40] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 7
[41] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 1
[42] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 2
[43] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 3
[44] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 4
[45] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 5
[46] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 6
[47] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 7
[48] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 8
[49] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 9
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 10
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 17 H 1
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 17 H 2
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 1
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 2
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 3
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 4
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 5
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 6
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 7
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 8
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 9
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 10
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 11
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 12
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 13
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 14
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 15
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 16
[69] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 17
[70] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 18
[71] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 19
[72] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 20
[73] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 21
[74] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 22
[75] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 23
[76] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 24
[77] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 25
[78] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 26
[79] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 18 H 27
[80] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 1
[81] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 2
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 3
[83] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 4
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 5
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 6
[86] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 7
[87] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 8
[88] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 9
[89] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 10
[90] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 11
[91] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 12
[92] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 13
[93] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 14
[94] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 15
[95] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 16
[96] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 17
[97] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 18
[98] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 19
[99] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 20
[100] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 21
[101] ( 1) في المصدر: و ناوله المعول فسال دمه فسئل عنه فقيل اه. قلت: السفط وعاء كالقفة أو الجوالق.
[102] ( 2) كنز الفوائد: 180.
[103] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 13, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 19 H 22