بحار الأنوار
Volume 14
Part 1 out of 3
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al-Majlisi
باب 6 معنى قول سليمان ع هَبْ لِي مُلْكاً لا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي.. 76
CHAPTER 9 – HIS-as STORY WITH BILQUEES. 85
CHAPTER 11 – HIS-as EXPIRY AND WHAT HAPPENNED AFTER HIM-as 102
CHAPTER 12 – STORY OF THE PEOPLE OF SABA AND THE PEOPLE OF AL SAR SAAR.. 108
CHAPTER 13 – STORY OF THE COMPANIONS OF AL RAAS AND HANZALAH.. 111
باب 14 قصة شعيا و حيقوق ع. 120
CHAPTER 14 – STORY OF SHAYA-as (ISIAH) AND HAYQOUQ-as (HABAKKUK). 120
CHAPTER 15 – STORY OF ZAKARIYYA-as AND YAHYA-as 123
CHAPTERS ON STORY OF ISA-as AND HIS-as MOTHER-as AND HER-as PARENTS-as 151
أبواب قصص داود ع
CHAPTERS ON STORY OF DAWOOD-as
باب 1 عمره و وفاته و فضائله و ما أعطاه الله و منحه و علل تسميته و كيفية حكمه و قضائه
CHAPTER 1 – HIS-as LIFE-SPAN, AND HIS-as EXPIRY, AND HIS-as MERITS, AND WHAT ALLAH-azwj GAVE HIM AND TESTED HIM-as, AND REASON FOR HIS-as NAME, AND MODE OF HIS-as WISDOM AND HIS-as JUDGMENTS
الآيات النساء و الأسرى وَ آتَيْنا داوُدَ زَبُوراً
The Verses – (Surah) Al Nisaa & (Surah) Al Asra’a: ‘and We Gave Psalms to Dawood [4:163]
المائدة لُعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ عَلى لِسانِ داوُدَ وَ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ذلِكَ بِما عَصَوْا وَ كانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ
(Surah) Al Maidah: Cursed were those who committed Kufr from the Children of Israel, upon the tongue of Dawood and Isa Bin Maryam. That was due to their disobedience and they were exceeding [5:78]
كانُوا لا يَتَناهَوْنَ عَنْ مُنكَرٍ فَعَلُوهُ لَبِئْسَ ما كانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ
They were not forbidding from evil they were doing. Evil was what they were doing [5:79]
الأنعام وَ نُوحاً هَدَيْنا مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ داوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ وَ أَيُّوبَ وَ يُوسُفَ وَ مُوسى وَ هارُونَ وَ كَذلِكَ نَجْزِي الْمُحْسِنِينَ
(Surah) Al Anaam: and Noah We had Guided from before; and from his offspring Dawood, and Suleyman, and Ayoub, and Yusuf, and Musa, and Haroun, and like that We Recompense the good doers [6:84]
الأنبياء وَ داوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ وَ كُنَّا لِحُكْمِهِمْ شاهِدِينَ
(Surah) Al-Anbiya’a: And Dawood and Suleyman, when they both gave judgement concerning the field when the people’s sheep pastured therein, and We were Witness to their judgments [21:78]
فَفَهَّمْناها سُلَيْمانَ وَ كُلًّا آتَيْنا حُكْماً وَ عِلْماً وَ سَخَّرْنا مَعَ داوُدَ الْجِبالَ يُسَبِّحْنَ وَ الطَّيْرَ وَ كُنَّا فاعِلِينَ
So We Made Suleyman understand it, and to both We Gave Wisdom and Knowledge, and We Subdued the mountains and the birds to Glorify with Dawood; and We were the Doers [21:79]
وَ عَلَّمْناهُ صَنْعَةَ لَبُوسٍ لَكُمْ لِتُحْصِنَكُمْ مِنْ بَأْسِكُمْ فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ شاكِرُونَ
And We Taught him the making of coats of mail for you, in order for you to protect yourselves from your fighting. Will you then be grateful? [21:80]
النمل وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا داوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ عِلْماً وَ قالا الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي فَضَّلَنا عَلى كَثِيرٍ مِنْ عِبادِهِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
(Surah) Al Naml: And We had Given knowledge to Dawood and Suleyman, and they both said: ‘The Praise is for Allah Who Preferred us over many of His Momineen servants’ [27:15]
سبأ وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا داوُدَ مِنَّا فَضْلًا يا جِبالُ أَوِّبِي مَعَهُ وَ الطَّيْرَ وَ أَلَنَّا لَهُ الْحَدِيدَ
(Surah) Saba: And We had Given Dawood a Grace from Us: “O mountains and the birds! Repeat Praises with him!’ And We Softened the iron for him [34:10]
أَنِ اعْمَلْ سابِغاتٍ وَ قَدِّرْ فِي السَّرْدِ وَ اعْمَلُوا صالِحاً إِنِّي بِما تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ
“Make armour and measure the rings appropriately, and do righteous deeds. I am watching what you are doing!” [34:11]
1- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَاتَ دَاوُدُ النَّبِيُّ ع يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ مَفْجُوءاً فَأَظَلَّتْهُ الطَّيْرُ بِأَجْنِحَتِهَا وَ مَاتَ مُوسَى كَلِيمُ اللَّهِ فِي التِّيهِ فَصَاحَ صَائِحٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاتَ مُوسَى وَ أَيُّ نَفْسٍ لَا تَمُوتُ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Fazzal, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzayl, from Abdul Rahman Bin Yazeed,
From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The Prophet Dawood-as passed away suddenly on the day of Saturday, so the birds shaded him-as by their wings; and Musa-as, the Speaker with Allah-azwj, passed away in the wilderness, so a caller called from the sky: ‘Musa-as has passed away, and who would not be dying?’’[1]
2- ل، الخصال ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرَّازِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ اخْتَارَ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَرْبَعَةً لِلسَّيْفِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ دَاوُدَ وَ مُوسَى وَ أَنَا الْخَبَرَ
‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Idrees, from his father, from Al Ashary, from Abu Abdullah al Razy, form Ibn Abu Usman, from Musa Bin Bakr,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Chose four from the Prophets-as for the sword – Ibrahim-as, and Dawood-as, and Musa-as, and I-saww’ – the Hadeeth’.[2]
3- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ع، علل الشرائع سَأَلَ الشَّامِيُّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَمَّنْ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ مَخْتُوناً فَقَالَ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ آدَمَ مَخْتُوناً وَ وُلِدَ شَيْثٌ مَخْتُوناً وَ إِدْرِيسُ وَ نُوحٌ وَ سَامُ بْنُ نُوحٍ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَ دَاوُدُ وَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَ لُوطٌ وَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ وَ مُوسَى وَ عِيسَى وَ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – The Syrian asked Amir Al-Momineen-asws about the ones from the Prophets-as Allah-azwj Created circumcised. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created Adam-as, and Shees-as was born circumcised, and Idrees-as, and Noah-as, and Saam Bin Noah-as, and Ibrahim-as, and Dawood-as, and Suleyman-as, and Lut-as, and Ismail-as, and Musa-as and Isa-as and Muhammad-saww’’.[3]
4- مع، معاني الأخبار مَعْنَى دَاوُدَ أَنَّهُ دَاوَى جُرْحَهُ بِوُدٍّ وَ قَدْ قِيلَ دَاوَى وُدَّهُ بِالطَّاعَةِ حَتَّى قِيلَ عَبْدٌ
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – The meaning of ‘Dawood’, he-as had medicated (Dawy) his-as injuries with affection (Wudd), and it is said he-as medicated his affection with the acts of obedience until he-as was called a servant (Abd)’.[4]
5- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَبْعَثْ أَنْبِيَاءَ مُلُوكاً فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةً بَعْدَ نُوحٍ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ اسْمُهُ عَيَّاشٌ وَ دَاوُدُ وَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَ يُوسُفُ ع
‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Barqy, from Ibn Mahboub, from Hisham Bin Salim, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted did not Send Prophets-as as kings in the earth except four after Noah-as – Zulqarnayn and his name was Ayash, and Dawood-as, and Suleyman-as, and Yusuf-as.
فَأَمَّا عَيَّاشٌ فَمَلَكَ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ أَمَّا دَاوُدُ فَمَلَكَ مَا بَيْنَ الشَّامَاتِ إِلَى بِلَادِ إِصْطَخْرَ وَ كَذَلِكَ مَلَكَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَ أَمَّا يُوسُفُ فَمَلَكَ مِصْرَ وَ بَرَارِيَهَا لَمْ يُجَاوِزْهَا إِلَى غَيْرِهَا
As for Ayash, he ruled what is between the east and the west, and as for Dawood-as, he-as ruled what is between Al-Shamaat up to the city of Istakhar (Persepolis), and like that was the kingdom of Suleyman-as, and as for Yusuf-as, he-as ruled Egypt and its prairies, not exceeding it to elsewhere.[5]
6- فس، تفسير القمي وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا داوُدَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَعْطَى دَاوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمَانَ مَا لَمْ يُعْطَ أَحَداً مِنْ أَنْبِيَاءِ اللَّهِ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ عَلَّمَهُمَا مَنْطِقَ الطَّيْرِ وَ أَلَانَ لَهُمَا الْحَدِيدَ وَ الصُّفْرَ مِنْ غَيْرِ نَارٍ وَ جُعِلَتِ الْجِبَالُ يُسَبِّحْنَ مَعَ دَاوُدَ وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ الزَّبُورَ فِيهِ تَوْحِيدٌ وَ تَمْجِيدٌ وَ دُعَاءٌ وَ أَخْبَارُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ الْأَئِمَّةِ ع وَ أَخْبَارُ الرَّجْعَةِ وَ ذِكْرُ الْقَائِمِ ع لِقَوْلِهِ وَ لَقَدْ كَتَبْنا فِي الزَّبُورِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الذِّكْرِ أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ يَرِثُها عِبادِيَ الصَّالِحُونَ
(opinion)[6]
7- فس، تفسير القمي وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا داوُدَ مِنَّا فَضْلًا يا جِبالُ أَوِّبِي مَعَهُ أَيْ سَبِّحِي لِلَّهِ وَ الطَّيْرَ وَ أَلَنَّا لَهُ الْحَدِيدَ قَالَ كَانَ دَاوُدُ إِذَا مَرَّ فِي الْبَرَارِي يَقْرَأُ الزَّبُورَ تُسَبِّحُ الْجِبَالُ وَ الطَّيْرُ مَعَهُ وَ الْوُحُوشُ وَ أَلَانَ اللَّهُ لَهُ الْحَدِيدَ مِثْلَ الشَّمْعِ حَتَّى كَانَ يَتَّخِذُ مِنْهُ مَا أَحَبَّ
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع اطْلُبُوا الْحَوَائِجَ يَوْمَ الثَّلَاثَاءِ فَإِنَّهُ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي أَلَانَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ الْحَدِيدَ لِدَاوُدَ ع
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Seek the needs on the day of Tuesday, for it is the day in which Allah-azwj Softened the iron for Dawood-as’.[7]
وَ قَوْلُهُ أَنِ اعْمَلْ سابِغاتٍ قَالَ الدُّرُوعَ وَ قَدِّرْ فِي السَّرْدِ قَالَ الْمَسَامِيرِ الَّتِي فِي الْحَلْقَةِ وَ اعْمَلُوا صالِحاً إِنِّي بِما تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ
8- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَهْبَطَ ظُلَلًا مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ عَلَى آدَمَ وَ هُوَ بِوَادٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ الرَّوْحَاءُ وَ هُوَ وَادٍ بَيْنَ الطَّائِفِ وَ مَكَّةَ ثُمَّ صَرَخَ بِذُرِّيَّتِهِ وَ هُمْ ذَرٌّ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – Abu Hamza Al Sumaly,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Sent down a group of Angels unto Adam-as while he-as was in a valley called Al-Rawha, and it is a valley between Al-Taif and Makkah. Then they brought out his-as offspring and they were particles’.
قَالَ فَخَرَجُوا كَمَا يَخْرُجُ النَّحْلُ مِنْ كُورِهَا فَاجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْوَادِي فَقَالَ اللَّهُ لِآدَمَ انْظُرْ مَا ذَا تَرَى فَقَالَ آدَمُ ذَرّاً كَثِيراً عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْوَادِي فَقَالَ اللَّهُ يَا آدَمُ هَؤُلَاءِ ذُرِّيَّتُكَ أَخْرَجْتُهُمْ مِنْ ظَهْرِكَ لِآخُذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمِيثَاقَ لِي بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ كَمَا أَخَذْتُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي السَّمَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘They came out just as the bees tend to come out from their hive. They gathered upon an edge of the valley. Allah-azwj Said to Adam-as: “Look! What do you-as see?” Adam-as said: ‘Many particles upon the edge of the valley’. Allah-azwj Said: ‘O Adam-as! They are your-as offspring. I-azwj Extracted them from your-as sulb (forehead) in order to Take the Covenant for Me-azwj with the Lordship, and for Muhammad-saww with the Prophet-hood, just as I-azwj had Taken upon them in the sky”.
قَالَ آدَمُ يَا رَبِّ وَ كَيْفَ وَسِعَتْهُمْ ظَهْرِي قَالَ اللَّهُ يَا آدَمُ بِلُطْفِ صَنِيعِي وَ نَافِذِ قَدَرِي قَالَ آدَمُ يَا رَبِّ فَمَا تُرِيدُ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْمِيثَاقِ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَنْ لَا يُشْرِكُوا بِي شَيْئاً
Adam-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! And how was my-as sulb (sufficiently) capacious for them (all)?’ Allah-azwj Said: ‘O Adam-as! By the subtlety of My-azwj Making, and Implementation of My-azwj Determination”. Adam-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! What do You-azwj Want from them during the Covenant?’ Allah-azwj Said: “That they will not associate anything with Me-azwj”.
قَالَ آدَمُ فَمَنْ أَطَاعَكَ مِنْهُمْ يَا رَبِّ فَمَا جَزَاؤُهُ قَالَ اللَّهُ أُسْكِنُهُ جَنَّتِي قَالَ آدَمُ فَمَنْ عَصَاكَ فَمَا جَزَاؤُهُ قَالَ أُسْكِنُهُ نَارِي قَالَ آدَمُ يَا رَبِّ لَقَدْ عَدَلْتَ فِيهِمْ وَ لَيَعْصِيَنَّكَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ إِنْ لَمْ تَعْصِمْهُمْ
Adam-as said: ‘The one from them who obeys You-azwj, O Lord-azwj, what would be his Recompense?’ Allah-azwj Said: ‘I-azwj shall Settle him in My-azwj Paradise”. Adam-as said: ‘The one who disobeys You-azwj, what is his Recompense?’ He-azwj Said: “I-azwj shall Settle him in My-azwj Fire”. Adam-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! You are being Fair regarding them, and most of them will be disobeying You-azwj if You-azwj do not Protect them’.
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع ثُمَّ عَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَى آدَمَ أَسْمَاءَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ أَعْمَارَهُمْ
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Then Allah-azwj Presented unto Adam-as, names of the Prophets-as and their-as respective life-spans’.
قَالَ فَمَرَّ آدَمُ بِاسْمِ دَاوُدَ النَّبِيِّ ع فَإِذَا عُمُرُهُ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ مَا أَقَلَّ عُمُرَ دَاوُدَ وَ أَكْثَرَ عُمُرِي يَا رَبِّ إِنْ أَنَا زِدْتُ دَاوُدَ مِنْ عُمُرِي ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً أَ يُنْفَذُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا آدَمُ قَالَ فَإِنِّي قَدْ زِدْتُهُ مِنْ عُمُرِي ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً فَأَنْفِذْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ وَ أَثْبِتْهَا لَهُ عِنْدَكَ وَ اطْرَحْهَا مِنْ عُمُرِي
He-asws said: ‘Adam-as passed by the name of the Prophet Dawood-as, and there his-as life-span was of forty years. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! How little is the life-span of Dawood-as and how much is my-as life-span! O Lord-azwj! Can I-as increase for Dawood-as from my-as life-span by thirty years, will You-azwj Implement that for him-as?’ He-azwj Said: “Yes, O Adam-as”. He-as said: ‘I-as hereby increase for him-as from my-as age, thirty years. Implement that for him-as and Affirm it for him-as with You-azwj, and Drop it from my-as age’.
قَالَ فَأَثْبَتَ اللَّهُ لِدَاوُدَ مِنْ عُمُرِهِ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مُثْبَتاً وَ مَحَا مِنْ عُمُرِ آدَمَ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً وَ كَانَتْ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مُثْبَتاً
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Affirmed thirty years for Dawood-as from his-as life-span, and it did not happen to be Affirmed for him-as with Allah-azwj (before that), and Deleted thirty years from the age of Adam-as, and it was Affirmed for him with Allah-azwj’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ يَمْحُوا اللَّهُ ما يَشاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتابِ قَالَ فَمَحَا اللَّهُ مَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُ مُثْبَتاً لِآدَمَ وَ أَثْبَتَ لِدَاوُدَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ مُثْبَتاً
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘That is the Word of Allah-azwj: Allah Deletes and Affirms whatever He so Desires to, and with Him is the Mother of the Book [13:39]. Thus Allah-azwj Deleted what was Established with Him-azwj for Adam-as, and Established for Dawood-as what was not Established (before) with Him-azwj’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا دَنَا عُمُرُ آدَمَ هَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ ع لِيَقْبِضَ رُوحَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ آدَمُ ع يَا مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ قَدْ بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِي ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً فَقَالَ لَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ أَ لَمْ تَجْعَلْهَا لِابْنِكَ دَاوُدَ النَّبِيِّ ع وَ طَرَحْتَهَا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ حَيْثُ عَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ أَسْمَاءَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِكَ وَ عَرَضَ عَلَيْكَ أَعْمَارَهُمْ وَ أَنْتَ بِوَادِي الرَّوْحَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘And so the age of Adam-as came to an end, and the Angel of Death descended unto him-as to capture his-as soul. Adam-as said to him: ‘O Angel of Death! There still remain from my-as age, thirty years’. The Angel of Death said to him-as: ‘O Adam-as! Did you-as not make it to be for your-as son-as Dawood-as, the Prophet-as, and had it Subtracted from your-as age where you-as were Presented with the names of the Prophets-as to be from your-as offspring, and were Presented with their-as ages, and in those days you-as were in the valley of Al-Rawha?’
فَقَالَ آدَمُ يَا مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ مَا أَذْكُرُ هَذَا فَقَالَ لَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ يَا آدَمُ لَا تَجْهَلْ أَ لَمْ تَسْأَلِ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُثْبِتَهَا لِدَاوُدَ وَ يَمْحُوَهَا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ فَأَثْبَتَهَا لِدَاوُدَ فِي الزَّبُورِ وَ مَحَاهَا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ مِنَ الذِّكْرِ قَالَ فَقَالَ آدَمُ أَحْضِرِ الْكِتَابَ حَتَّى أَعْلَمَ ذَلِكَ
He-asws said: ‘But Adam-as said to him: ‘I do not remember this’. The Angel of Death said to him: ‘O Adam-as! Do not repudiate. Did you-as not ask Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic that He-azwj should Establish it for Dawood-as, and Obliterate it from your-as age, so He-azwj Established it for Dawood-as in the Psalms, and Obliterated it from your-as age in the Remembrance?’ Adam-as said: ‘Now I-as remember that’.
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ كَانَ آدَمُ صَادِقاً لَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْعِبَادَ أَنْ يَكْتُبُوا بَيْنَهُمْ إِذَا تَدَايَنُوا وَ تَعَامَلُوا إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى لِنِسْيَانِ آدَمَ وَ جُحُودِ مَا جَعَلَ عَلَى نَفْسِه
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘And Adam-as was truthful. He-as did not remember, and did not repudiate. From that day onwards, Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Commanded the servants that they should write down between them whenever they lend (to each other) and work to an appointed term, due to the forgetfulness of Adam-as, and his-as struggling (against) is what he-as made upon himself-as’’.[8]
9- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى لِدَاوُدَ وَ أَلَنَّا لَهُ الْحَدِيدَ قَالَ هِيَ الدِّرْعُ وَ السَّرْدُ تَقْدِيرُ الْحَلْقَةِ بَعْدَ الْحَلْقَةِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al Bazanty,
‘From Al-Reza-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted to Dawood-as: And We Softened the iron for him [34:10]. He-asws said: ‘It is the coat of mail and the links – connecting the ring (chink) after the ring’’.[9]
10- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ اذْكُرْ عَبْدَنا داوُدَ ذَا الْأَيْدِ قَالَ ذَا الْقُوَّةِ
By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Safar, from Ibn Yazeed, from Hamad Bin Isa, from Ibrahim Bin Usman,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: ‘and remember Our servant Dawood, possessor of the hand [38:17]. He-asws said: ‘Possessor of the strength’’.[10]
11 فس، تفسير القمي إِنَّا سَخَّرْنَا الْجِبالَ مَعَهُ يُسَبِّحْنَ بِالْعَشِيِّ وَ الْإِشْراقِ يَعْنِي إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ
(opinion)[11]
12- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ دَاوُدَ ع كَانَ يَدْعُو أَنْ يُلْهِمَهُ اللَّهُ الْقَضَاءَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِمَا هُوَ عِنْدَهُ تَعَالَى الْحَقُّ فَأَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ يَا دَاوُدُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ لَا يَحْتَمِلُونَ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنِّي سَأَفْعَلُ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Muhammad Al Barqy, from Ismail Bin Ibrahim, from Abu Bakr, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Dawood-as used to claim that Allah-azwj Inspires him-as the judgment between the people with what is with Him-azwj, the Exalted, of the Truth. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “O Dawood-as! You-as cannot tolerate that, and I-azwj shall be Doing so”.
وَ ارْتَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلَانِ فَاسْتَعْدَاهُ أَحَدُهُمَا عَلَى الْآخَرِ فَأَمَرَ الْمُسْتَعْدَى عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَقُومَ إِلَى الْمُسْتَعْدِي فَيَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ فَفَعَلَ فَاسْتَعْظَمَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ ذَلِكَ وَ قَالَتْ رَجُلٌ جَاءَ يَتَظَلَّمُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَأَمَرَ الظَّالِمَ أَنْ يَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ فَقَالَ رَبِّ أَنْقِذْنِي مِنْ هَذِهِ الْوَرْطَةِ
Two men were raised to him-as, one of them was claiming upon the other. He-as ordered the defendant to stand to the claimant and he (claimant) should strike his (defendant’s) head off. He did so. That was grievous upon the Children of Israel and they said, ‘A man comes having been oppressed from a man, but he-as ordered for the oppressor to strike his neck off!’ He-as said: ‘Lord-azwj! Rescue me-as from this difficult matter’.
قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ يَا دَاوُدُ سَأَلْتَنِي أَنْ أُلْهِمَكَ الْقَضَاءَ بَيْنَ عِبَادِي بِمَا هُوَ عِنْدِيَ الْحَقُّ وَ إِنَّ هَذَا الْمُسْتَعْدِيَ قَتَلَ أَبَا هَذَا الْمُسْتَعْدَى عَلَيْهِ فَأَمَرْتُ فَضَرَبْتَ عُنُقَهُ قَوَداً بِأَبِيهِ وَ هُوَ مَدْفُونٌ فِي حَائِطِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا تَحْتَ شَجَرَةِ كَذَا فَأْتِهِ فَنَادِهِ بِاسْمِهِ فَإِنَّهُ سَيُجِيبُكَ فَسَلْهُ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to him-as: “O Dawood-as! You-as asked Me-azwj to Inspire you-as the judgment between My-azwj servant with was is the Truth with Me-azwj, and this defendant had actually killed his (claimant’s) father, so you-as ordered and he struck his neck off in retaliation of his father, and he is buried in such and such garden under such and such tree. Go to him and call out to him, he will answer you, and ask him!”
قَالَ فَخَرَجَ دَاوُدُ ع وَ قَدْ فَرِحَ فَرَحاً شَدِيداً لَمْ يَفْرَحْ مِثْلَهُ فَقَالَ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَدْ فَرَّجَ اللَّهُ فَمَشَى وَ مَشَوْا مَعَهُ فَانْتَهَى إِلَى الشَّجَرَةِ فَنَادَى يَا فُلَانُ فَقَالَ لَبَّيْكَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ قَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَكَ قَالَ فُلَانٌ
He-asws said: ‘Dawood-as went out and was happy with intense happiness, not having been happy the like of it. He-as said to the Children of Israel: ‘Allah-azwj has Relieved’. He-as walked and they walked with him-as, and he-as ended up to the tree and called out: ‘O so and so!’ He said, ‘Yes, here I am, O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj’. He-as said: ‘Who killed you?’ He said, ‘So and so’.
فَقَالَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ لَسَمِعْنَاهُ يَقُولُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ فَنَحْنُ نَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ يَا دَاوُدُ إِنَّ الْعِبَادَ لَا يُطِيقُونَ الْحُكْمَ بِمَا هُوَ عِنْدِيَ الْحُكْمُ فَسَلِ الْمُدَّعِيَ الْبَيِّنَةَ وَ أَضِفِ الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ إِلَى اسْمِي
The Children of Israel said, ‘We hear him speaking, O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj, and we are saying as what he said’. Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to him-as: “O Dawood-as! The servants will not be tolerating with what is the Judgment with Me-azwj, so ask the complaint for the proof and add on the claimant upon it to My-azwj Name![12]
13- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ دَاوُدَ ع سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ أَنْ يُرِيَهُ قَضِيَّةً مِنْ قَضَايَا الْآخِرَةِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ يَا دَاوُدُ إِنَّ الَّذِي سَأَلْتَنِي لَمْ أُطْلِعْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَداً مِنْ خَلْقِي وَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ بِهِ غَيْرِي
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al Sadouw, from Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Himeyri, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Al Sumaly,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Dawood-as asked his-as Lord-azwj to Show him-as a Judgment from the Judgments of the Hereafter. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “O Dawood-as! That which you-as are asking Me-azwj for, I-azwj do not Notify anyone from My-azwj creatures upon it, nor is it befitting for anyone that He-azwj Judges by it apart from Me-azwj!”
قَالَ فَلَمْ يَمْنَعْهُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ عَادَ فَسَأَلَ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُرِيَهُ قَضِيَّةً مِنْ قَضَايَا الْآخِرَةِ
He-asws said: ‘But He-azwj did not Refuse him-as that, if he-as were to reiterate. So, he-as asked Allah-azwj to Show him-as from a Judgment from the Judgments of the Hereafter.
قَالَ فَأَتَاهُ جَبْرَائِيلُ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ سَأَلْتَ رَبَّكَ شَيْئاً مَا سَأَلَهُ قَبْلَكَ نَبِيٌّ مِنْ أَنْبِيَائِهِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ يَا دَاوُدُ إِنَّ الَّذِي سَأَلْتَ لَمْ يُطْلِعِ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ أَحَداً مِنْ خَلْقِهِ وَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ بِهِ غَيْرُهُ فَقَدْ أَجَابَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى دَعْوَتَكَ وَ أَعْطَاكَ مَا سَأَلْتَ إِنَّ أَوَّلَ خَصْمَيْنِ يَرِدَانِ عَلَيْكَ غَداً الْقَضِيَّةُ فِيهِمَا مِنْ قَضَايَا الْآخِرَةِ
He-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as came to him-as and said: ‘You-as have asked your-as Lord-azwj what no Prophet-as form the Prophets-as has asked before you-as. O Dawood-as! That which you-as asked your-as Lord-azwj, Allah-azwj does not Notify anyone from His-azwj creatures upon it, nor is it befitting for anyone that he judge by it apart from Him-azwj. But, Allah-azwj the Exalted has Answered your-as supplication and Given you-as what you-as asked. In the first Thursday, in the morning, two litigants will come to you for the judgment wherein is from the Judgments of the Hereafter’.
فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ دَاوُدُ وَ جَلَسَ فِي مَجْلِسِ الْقَضَاءِ أَتَى شَيْخٌ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِشَابٍّ وَ مَعَ الشَّابِّ عُنْقُودٌ مِنْ عِنَبٍ فَقَالَ الشَّيْخُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إِنَّ هَذَا الشَّابَّ دَخَلَ بُسْتَانِي وَ خَرَّبَ كَرْمِي وَ أَكَلَ مِنْهُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي
He-asws said: ‘When it was the morning, Dawood-as sat is his-as judicial council. An old man came over to him concerning a youth, and with him was the youth with a bunch of grapes. The old man said to him-as, ‘O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj! This youth entered my garden and spoilt my vineyard, and ate from it without my permission. And this is the bunch which he took without my permission’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ لِلشَّابِّ مَا تَقُولُ فَأَقَرَّ الشَّابُّ بِأَنَّهُ قَدْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ يَا دَاوُدُ إِنْ كَشَفْتُ لَكَ مِنْ قَضَايَا الْآخِرَةِ فَقَضَيْتَ بِهَا بَيْنَ الشَّيْخِ وَ الْغُلَامِ لَمْ يَحْتَمِلْهَا قَلْبُكَ وَ لَا يَرْضَى بِهَا قَوْمُكَ
Dawood-as said to the youth: ‘What are you saying?’ The youth confessed that he had done that. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto him-as: “O Dawood-as! I-azwj hereby Uncover for you-as from the Judgements of the Hereafter. Therefore, judge by it between the old man and the boy. Your-as heart will not tolerate it nor will your-as people be pleased with it”.
يَا دَاوُدُ إِنَّ هَذَا الشَّيْخَ اقْتَحَمَ عَلَى وَالِدِ هَذَا الشَّابِّ فِي بُسْتَانِهِ فَقَتَلَهُ وَ غَصَبَهُ بُسْتَانَهُ وَ أَخَذَ مِنْهُ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَدَفَنَهَا فِي جَانِبِ بُسْتَانِهِ فَادْفَعْ إِلَى الشَّابِّ سَيْفاً وَ مُرْهُ أَنْ يَضْرِبَ عُنُقَ الشَّيْخِ وَ ادْفَعْ إِلَيْهِ الْبُسْتَانَ وَ مُرْهُ أَنْ يَحْفِرَ فِي مَوْضِعِ كَذَا مِنَ الْبُسْتَانِ وَ يَأْخُذَ مَالَهُ
O Dawood-as! This old man stormed upon the father of this boy in his garden, so he killed him, and usurped his garden, and seized forty thousand Dirhams from it. He buried it by the side of his garden. Hand a sword to the youth and order him that he should strike the neck of the old man, and hand over the garden to him, and order him that he should dig in such and such a place and take his wealth”.
قَالَ فَفَزِعَ دَاوُدُ ع مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ جَمَعَ عُلَمَاءَ أَصْحَابِهِ وَ أَخْبَرَهُمُ الْخَبَرَ وَ أَمْضَى الْقَضِيَّةَ عَلَى مَا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘Dawood-as panicked from that and gathered to himself-as, his-as scholars, and his-as companions, and informed them of the news, and passed the Judgement upon what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Revealed unto him-as’’.[13]
14- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: اخْتَصَمَ رَجُلَانِ إِلَى دَاوُدَ النَّبِيِّ فِي بَقَرَةٍ فَجَاءَ هَذَا بِبَيِّنَةٍ [عَلَى أَنَّهَا لَهُ] وَ جَاءَ هَذَا بِبَيِّنَةٍ عَلَى أَنَّهَا لَهُ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, by his chain to Ibn Owrama, from Fazala, from Dawood Bin Farqad,
‘From Ismail son of Ja’far-asws who said, ‘Two men brought a dispute to the Prophet Dawood-as regarding a cow. This one came with proof upon that it was for him, and this one came with proof upon that it was for him.
فَدَخَلَ دَاوُدُ الْمِحْرَابَ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ قَدْ أَعْيَانِي أَنْ أَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ هَذَيْنِ فَكُنْ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تَحْكُمُ
Dawood-as entered the Prayer Niche. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! It has tired me-as to judge between these two, so You-azwj be the One Who Judges!’
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى اخْرُجْ فَخُذِ الْبَقَرَةَ مِنَ الَّذِي هِيَ فِي يَدِهِ وَ ادْفَعْهَا إِلَى آخَرَ وَ اضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ
Allah the Exalted Revealed: “Go out and take the coq from the one in whose possession it is and hand it to the other one and strike off his neck!”
قَالَ فَضَجَّتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ قَالُوا جَاءَ هَذَا بِبَيِّنَةٍ وَ جَاءَ هَذَا بِبَيِّنَةٍ مِثْلِ بَيِّنَةِ هَذَا وَ كَانَ أَحَقُّهُمْ بِإِعْطَائِهَا الَّذِي هِيَ فِي يَدِهِ فَأَخَذَهَا مِنْهُ وَ ضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ وَ أَعْطَاهَا لِلْآخَرِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘The children of Israel clamoured and said, ‘This one has come with a proof, and this one has (also) come with a proof similar to the proof of this one, and it was their right that it be given to the one in whose possession it is! But he-as has taken it from him and struck off his neck and given it to the other one!’
فَدَخَلَ دَاوُدُ الْمِحْرَابَ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ قَدْ ضَجَّتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ بِمَا حَكَمْتَ
Dawood-as entered the Prayer Niche. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! The children of Israel clamoured with what You-azwj have Judged!’
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ الَّذِي كَانَتِ الْبَقَرَةُ فِي يَدِهِ لَقِيَ أَبَا الْآخَرِ فَقَتَلَهُ وَ أَخَذَ الْبَقَرَةَ مِنْهُ فَإِذَا جَاءَكَ مِثْلُ هَذَا فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِمَا تَرَى وَ لَا تَسْأَلْنِي أَنْ أَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهُمْ حَتَّى الْحِسَابِ
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to him-as: ‘The one in whose possession was the cow had met the father of the other and killed him and seized the cow from him. When (a case) similar to this comes, then judge between them with what you see and do not ask Me-azwj to Judge between them until the (Day of) Reckoning![14]
15- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ عَلَى عَهْدِ دَاوُدَ ع سِلْسِلَةٌ يَتَحَاكَمُ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهَا وَ إِنَّ رَجُلًا أَوْدَعَ رَجُلًا جَوْهَراً فَجَحَدَهُ إِيَّاهُ فَدَعَاهُ إِلَى سِلْسِلَةٍ فَذَهَبَ مَعَهُ إِلَيْهَا وَ قَدْ أَدْخَلَ الْجَوْهَرَ فِي قَنَاةٍ فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتَنَاوَلَ السِّلْسِلَةَ قَالَ لَهُ أَمْسِكْ هَذِهِ الْقَنَاةَ حَتَّى آخُذَ السِّلْسِلَةَ فَأَمْسَكَهَا وَ دَنَا الرَّجُلُ مِنَ السِّلْسِلَةِ فَتَنَاوَلَهَا وَ أَخَذَهَا وَ صَارَتْ فِي يَدِهِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ali Ibn Al Hakam, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There used to be a (Divine) chain in the era of Dawood-as the people were judged to it, and that a man deposited jewellery with a man, but he denied him, so he called him to the chain and went with him to it, and he had inserted the jewellery in a pipe. When he wanted to grab the chain, he said to him: ‘Withhold this pipe until I grab the chain’. He withheld it, and the man approached the chain and grabbed it, and he took it, and it (jewellery) came to be in his (owner’s) hand.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع أَنِ احْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَ أَضِفْهُمْ إِلَى اسْمِي يَحْلِفُونَ بِهِ وَ رُفِعَتِ السِّلْسِلَةُ
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to Dawood-as: “Judge between them with the proofs (evidence) and add them to My-azwj Named to swear oath by it!” And the chain was Raised’’.[15]
16- ك، إكمال الدين أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ وَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: عَاشَ دَاوُدُ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً مُلْكُهُ
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, and Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Yusu Al Tameemy,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Dawood-as lived for a hundred years, from these was a king for forty years’’.[16]
17- كا، الكافي أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا عُرِضَ عَلَى آدَمَ وُلْدُهُ نَظَرَ إِلَى دَاوُدَ فَأَعْجَبَهُ فَزَادَهُ خَمْسِينَ سَنَةً مِنْ عُمُرِهِ قَالَ وَ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ مِيكَائِيلُ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ صَكّاً بِالْخَمْسِينَ سَنَةً فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ آدَمُ قَدْ بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِي خَمْسُونَ سَنَةً
‘Al-Kafi’ – Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Isa Bin Ayoub, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from the one who mentioned it,
Abu Abdullah-asws has said: ‘When there were presented to Adam-as, his-as children, he-as looked at Dawood. He-as marvelled at him-as. He-as increased fifty years for him-as, from his-as own age. And Jibraeel-as and Mikaeel-as descended unto him, and the Angel of Death wrote a promissory note upon him, with fifty years. When death presented itself to him-as, the Angel of Death descended unto him-as. Adam-as said: ‘(But) there (still) remain fifty years from my-as age’.
فَقَالَ فَأَيْنَ الْخَمْسُونَ الَّتِي جَعَلْتَهَا لِابْنِكَ دَاوُدَ قَالَ فَإِمَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ نَسِيَهَا أَوْ أَنْكَرَهَا فَنَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ مِيكَائِيلُ وَ شَهِدَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَبَضَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ
He said, ‘What about the fifty (years) you-as had made it to be for your-as son-as Dawood-as?’ He-asws said: ‘But, he-as had forgotten it, or denied it. Jibraeel-as and Mikaeel-as descended, so they both testified against him, and the Angel of death captured him-as’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ صَكٍّ كُتِبَ فِي الدُّنْيَا
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘It was the first promissory note written in the world’’.[17]
19- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ نَبِيّاً مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ شَكَا إِلَى رَبِّهِ الْقَضَاءَ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ أَقْضِي بِمَا لَمْ تَرَ عَيْنِي وَ لَمْ تَسْمَعْ أُذُنِي فَقَالَ اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَ أَضِفْهُمْ إِلَى اسْمِي يَحْلِفُونَ بِهِ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Aban Bin Usman, from the one who informed him,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘In the book of Ali-asws, a Prophet-as from the Prophets-as complained to his-as Lord-azwj about the adjudication. He-as said: ‘How can I-as judge with I-as did not see with my-as own eyes, and did not hear with my-as own ears?’ He-azwj Said: “Judge between them by the proofs, and add them to My-azwj Name to swear an oath by”.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّ دَاوُدَ ع قَالَ يَا رَبِّ أَرِنِي الْحَقَّ كَمَا هُوَ عِنْدَكَ حَتَّى أَقْضِيَ بِهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ لَا تُطِيقُ ذَلِكَ فَأَلَحَّ عَلَى رَبِّهِ حَتَّى فَعَلَ
And he-asws said: ‘Dawood-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Show me-as the truth, just as it is with You-azwj, until I-as judge by it’. He-azwj Said: “You-as will not be able to tolerate that”. But he-as kept insisting to his-as Lord-azwj until He-azwj did it.
فَجَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ يَسْتَعْدِي عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا أَخَذَ مَالِي فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ أَنَّ هَذَا الْمُسْتَعْدِيَ قَتَلَ أَبَا هَذَا وَ أَخَذَ مَالَهُ فَأَمَرَ دَاوُدُ بِالْمُسْتَعْدِي فَقُتِلَ فَأَخَذَ مَالَهُ فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى الْمُسْتَعْدَى عَلَيْهِ
A man came claiming upon a man, and he said, ‘This one took my wealth’. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Dawood-as that this one, the claimant, killed the father of this one and took his wealth”. Dawood-as ordered for the claimant to be killed, and he-as took his wealth and handed it over to the defendant.
قَالَ فَعَجِبَ النَّاسُ وَ تَحَدَّثُوا حَتَّى بَلَغَ دَاوُدَ ع وَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا كَرِهَ فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنْ يَرْفَعَ ذَلِكَ فَفَعَلَ ثُمَّ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ أَنِ احْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَ أَضِفْهُمْ إِلَى اسْمِي يَحْلِفُونَ بِهِ
He-asws said: ‘The people wondered and they discussed it until (their discussion) reached Dawood-as, and there entered into him-as what he-as disliked. He-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj that He-azwj should Lift that (from him-as). He-azwj did it. Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto him-as that “Judge between them by the proofs, and add them to My-azwj Name to swear by”.[18]
20- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ ع الْمَسْجِدَ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ شَابٌّ وَ هُوَ يَبْكِي وَ حَوْلَهُ قَوْمٌ يُسْكِتُونَهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع مَا أَبْكَاكَ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ شُرَيْحاً قَضَى عَلَيَّ بِقَضِيَّةٍ مَا أَدْرِي مَا هِيَ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ النَّفَرَ خَرَجُوا بِأَبِي مَعَهُمْ فِي سَفَرِهِمْ فَرَجَعُوا وَ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ أَبِي فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْ مَالِهِ فَقَالُوا مَا تَرَكَ مَالًا فَقَدَّمْتُهُمْ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فَاسْتَحْلَفَهُمْ وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنَّ أَبِي خَرَجَ وَ مَعَهُ مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Ali-asws entered the Masjid, and a young man came across him crying, and around him was a group calming him down. Ali-asws said: ‘What makes you weep?’ He said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Shurayh judged upon me with a judgement, I do not know what it is. These persons went out with my father being with them in a journey. They came back, and my father did not return. I asked them about him. They said, ‘he died’. I asked them about his wealth. They said, ‘He did not leave any wealth’. I proceeded with them to Shurayh, and he made them swear oaths; and I know well, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws, that my father went out, and with him was a lot of wealth’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع ارْجِعُوا فَرَدَّهُمْ جَمِيعاً وَ الْفَتَى مَعَهُمْ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا شُرَيْحُ كَيْفَ قَضَيْتَ بَيْنَ هَؤُلَاءِ قَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ادَّعَى هَذَا الْفَتَى عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ النَّفَرِ أَنَّهُمْ خَرَجُوا فِي سَفَرٍ وَ أَبُوهُ مَعَهُمْ فَرَجَعُوا وَ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ أَبُوهُ فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْ مَالِهِ فَقَالُوا مَا خَلَّفَ شَيْئاً فَقُلْتُ لِلْفَتَى هَلْ لَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ عَلَى مَا تَدَّعِي قَالَ لَا فَاسْتَحْلَفْتُهُمْ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to them: ‘Return!’ He-asws returned them all and the youth with them to Shurayh. He-asws said to him: ‘O Shurayh! How did you judge between them?’ He said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! This youth claimed upon these persons that they had gone out on a journey and his father was with them. They returned, and his father did not return. He asked them about him, and they said, ‘He died’. And he asked them about his wealth, and they said, ‘He did not leave anything behind’. I said to the youth, ‘Is there any evidence for you upon what you are claiming?’ He said, ‘No’. I made them all swear an oath’.
فَقَالَ ع لِشُرَيْحٍ يَا شُرَيْحُ هَيْهَاتَ هَكَذَا تَحْكُمُ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا فَقَالَ كَيْفَ هَذَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا شُرَيْحُ وَ اللَّهِ لَأَحْكُمَنَّ فِيهِ بِحُكْمٍ مَا حَكَمَ بِهِ خَلْقٌ قَبْلِي إِلَّا دَاوُدُ النَّبِيُّ ع يَا قَنْبَرُ ادْعُ لِي شُرْطَةَ الْخَمِيسِ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Far be it! O Shurayh, is it like this that you judge for the likes of this?’ He said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! So, how?’ Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws shall not be judging regarding them with a judgement what a creature before me-asws has judged with except for the Prophet Dawood-as. O Qanbar! Call the five policemen for me!’
فَدَعَاهُمْ فَوَكَّلَ بِهِمْ بِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلًا مِنَ الشُّرْطَةِ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ فَقَالَ مَا ذَا تَقُولُونَ أَ تَقُولُونَ إِنِّي لَا أَعْلَمُ مَا صَنَعْتُمْ بِأَبِ هَذَا الْفَتَى إِنِّي إِذاً لَجَاهِلٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ فَرِّقُوهُمْ وَ غَطُّوا رُءُوسَهُمْ
He called them over. He-asws allocated with each men from them, with a man from the police. Then he-asws looked at their faces. He-asws said; ‘What is that which you are saying? Are you saying that I-asws do not know what you have done with the father of this youth, that I-asws am ignorant?’ Then he-asws said: ‘Separate them and cover their heads!’.
فَفُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ أُقِيمَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ إِلَى أُسْطُوَانَةٍ مِنْ أَسَاطِينِ الْمَسْجِدِ وَ رُءُوسُهُمْ مُغَطَّاةٌ بِثِيَابِهِمْ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِعُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ كَاتِبِهِ فَقَالَ هَاتِ صَحِيفَةً وَ دَوَاتاً
He (Abu Ja’far-asws) said: ‘He-asws separated them and stood each one of the man from them to a pillar from the pillars of the Masjid, and their head were covered by their own clothes. Then he called for Ubeydullah Bin Abu Rafi’e, his-asws scribe. He-asws said: ‘Give me a parchment, and ink’.
وَ جَلَسَ عَلِيٌّ ع فِي مَجْلِسِ الْقَضَاءِ وَ اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَنَا كَبَّرْتُ فَكَبِّرُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلنَّاسِ أَفْرِجُوا ثُمَّ دَعَا بِوَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ فَأَجْلَسَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَكَشَفَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِعُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ اكْتُبْ إِقْرَارَهُ وَ مَا يَقُولُ
And Amir Al-Momineen-asws sat in the seat of the judges, and the people sat facing him-asws. He-asws said to them: ‘When I-asws exclaim (Takbeer) so you all exclaim (as well)’. Then he-asws said to the people: ‘Go out’. Then he called one of them, and he-asws made him sit in front of him-asws, and uncovered his face. Then he-asws said to Ubeydullah Bin Abu Rafi’e: ‘Write down his confession and whatever he is saying’.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِالسُّؤَالِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ فِي أَيِّ يَوْمٍ خَرَجْتُمْ مِنْ مَنَازِلِكُمْ وَ أَبُو هَذَا الْفَتَى مَعَكُمْ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ فِي يَوْمِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَقَالَ وَ فِي أَيِّ شَهْرٍ قَالَ فِي شَهْرِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ وَ إِلَى أَيْنَ بَلَغْتُمْ مِنْ سَفَرِكُمْ حِينَ مَاتَ أَبُو هَذَا الْفَتَى قَالَ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا
Then he-asws faced him with the questioning, and Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘In which day did you all go from your houses, and the father of this youth was with you?’ The man said, ‘In such and such a day’. He-asws said: ‘And in which month?’ He said, ‘In such a such a month’. He-asws said; ‘In which year?’ He said, ‘In such a such a year’. He-asws said: ‘And to where did you reach in your journey until the father of this youth died?’ He said, ‘To such and such a place’.
قَالَ وَ فِي أَيِّ مَنْزِلٍ مَاتَ قَالَ فِي مَنْزِلِ فُلَانِ بْنِ فُلَانٍ قَالَ وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ قَالَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ كَمْ يَوْماً مَرِضَ قَالَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا يَوْماً قَالَ فَمَنْ كَانَ يُمَرِّضُهُ وَ فِي أَيِّ يَوْمٍ مَاتَ وَ مَنْ غَسَّلَهُ وَ أَيْنَ غَسَّلَهُ وَ مَنْ كَفَّنَهُ وَ بِمَا كَفَّنْتُمُوهُ وَ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ مَنْ نَزَلَ قَبْرَهُ
He-asws said: ‘And in whose house did he died?’ He said, ‘In the house of so and so, son of so and so’. He-asws said: ‘And what was his illness?’ He said, ‘Such and such’. He-asws said: ‘And for how many days was he ill?’ He said, ‘For such and such number of days’. He-asws said: ‘And in which day did he die? And who washed him? And who shrouded him? And with what did you shroud him with? And who Prayed over him? And who descended into his grave?’
فَلَمَّا سَأَلَهُ عَنْ جَمِيعِ مَا يُرِيدُ كَبَّرَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ كَبَّرَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ فَارْتَابَ أُولَئِكَ الْبَاقُونَ وَ لَمْ يَشُكُّوا أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُمْ قَدْ أَقَرَّ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُغَطَّى رَأْسُهُ وَ أَنْ يَنْطَلِقُوا بِهِ إِلَى الْحَبْسِ
When he-asws had questioned him about the entirety of what he-asws had intended to, Amir Al-Momineen-asws exclaimed (Takbeer), and the people exclaimed altogether. The remaining ones (accused) suspected that did not doubt that their companion had confessed against them, and against himself. Then he-asws ordered for his head to be covered and taken to the prison.
ثُمَّ دَعَا بِآخَرَ فَأَجْلَسَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ كَشَفَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ كَلَّا زَعَمْتَ أَنِّي لَا أَعْلَمُ مَا صَنَعْتُمْ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا أَنَا إِلَّا وَاحِدٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ وَ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ كَارِهاً لِقَتْلِهِ فَأَقَرَّ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِوَاحِدٍ بَعْدَ وَاحِدٍ وَ كُلُّهُمْ يُقِرُّ بِالْقَتْلِ وَ أَخْذِ الْمَالِ ثُمَّ رَدَّ الَّذِي كَانَ أَمَرَ بِهِ إِلَى السِّجْنِ فَأَقَرَّ أَيْضاً فَأَلْزَمَهُمُ الْمَالَ وَ الدَّمَ
Then he-asws called for the other one and made him to sit in front of him-asws, and uncovered (the covering) from his face, then said: ‘All of you are thinking that I-asws do not know what you have done’. He said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! I was not except, one of the group, and I had detested his killing. So, he confessed. Then he called for one after the other. All of them confessed with the killing, and he-asws seized the wealth, then returned the one he-asws had ordered to be in the prison. He confessed as well. He-asws necessitated upon them the wealth and the blood’.
وَ قَالَ شُرَيْحٌ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ حُكْمُ دَاوُدَ ع فَقَالَ إِنَّ دَاوُدَ النَّبِيَّ ع مَرَّ بِغِلْمَةٍ يَلْعَبُونَ وَ يُنَادُونَ بَعْضَهُمْ مَاتَ الدِّينُ فَدَعَا مِنْهُمْ غُلَاماً فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا غُلَامُ مَا اسْمُكَ فَقَالَ اسْمِي مَاتَ الدِّينُ فَقَالَ لَهُ دَاوُدُ مَنْ سَمَّاكَ بِهَذَا الِاسْمِ قَالَ أُمِّي
Shurayh said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! And how was the judgement of the Prophet Dawood-as?’ He-asws said: ‘The Prophet Dawood-as passed by boys who were playing and one of them called out, O ‘Maat Al-Deen’ (O Religion is dead)!’ A boy from them responded. Dawood-as called him over and said: ‘O boy! What is your name?’ He said, ‘Maat Al-Deen’. Dawood-as said to him: ‘Who has named you with this name?’ He said, ‘My mother’.
فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى أُمِّهِ فَقَالَ يَا امْرَأَةُ مَا اسْمُ ابْنِكِ هَذَا قَالَتْ مَاتَ الدِّينُ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَ مَنْ سَمَّاهُ بِهَذَا الِاسْمِ قَالَتْ أَبُوهُ قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ قَالَتْ إِنَّ أَبَاهُ خَرَجَ فِي سَفَرٍ لَهُ وَ مَعَهُ قَوْمٌ وَ هَذَا الصَّبِيُّ حَمْلٌ فِي بَطْنِي فَانْصَرَفَ الْقَوْمُ وَ لَمْ يَنْصَرِفْ زَوْجِي فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ قُلْتُ أَيْنَ مَا تَرَكَ قَالُوا لَمْ يُخَلِّفْ مَالًا فَقُلْتُ أَ وَصَّاكُمْ بِوَصِيَّةٍ فَقَالُوا نَعَمْ زَعَمَ أَنَّكِ حُبْلَى فَمَا وَلَدْتِ مِنْ وَلَدٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى فَسَمِّيهِ مَاتَ الدِّينُ فَسَمَّيْتُهُ
Dawood went with him to his mother, so he-as said to her: ‘O you woman! What is the name of this son of yours?’ She said, ‘Maat Al-Deen’. He-as said to her: ‘And who named him with this name?’ She said, ‘His father’. He-as said: ‘And how was that’. She said, ‘His father had gone out in a journey of his and with him was a group, and this is the boy whom I was carrying in my belly. The group left and my husband did not. I asked them about him, so they said, ‘Died’. I said to them, ‘What did he leave?’ They said, ‘He did not leave anything’. I said, ‘Did he bequeath you all with a bequest?’ They said, ‘Yes. He claimed that you were pregnant, so whatever is born, a girl or a boy, so name him Maat Al-Deen. I named him’ (like that after his birth).
فَقَالَ أَ تَعْرِفِينَ الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا خَرَجُوا مَعَ زَوْجِكِ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَحْيَاءٌ هُمْ أَمْ أَمْوَاتٌ قَالَتْ بَلْ أَحْيَاءٌ قَالَ فَانْطَلِقِي بِنَا إِلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ مَضَى مَعَهَا فَاسْتَخْرَجَهُمْ مِنْ مَنَازِلِهِمْ فَحَكَمَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِهَذَا الْحُكْمِ فَثَبَّتَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَالَ وَ الدَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ سَمِّي ابْنَكِ عَاشَ الدِّينُ
Dawood-as said: ‘And would you recognise the people who had gone out with your husband?’ She said, ‘Yes’. He-as said: ‘Are they alive, or dead?’ She said, ‘But, (they are) alive’. He-as said: ‘Come with us to them’. He-as went with her and made them come out from their houses. He-as judged between them with this judgement, exactly, and established against them the wealth, and the blood, and said to the woman: ‘Name this son of yours ‘Aash Al-Deen (Religion is alive)’’. [19]
21- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه التَّفْلِيسِيُّ عَنِ السَّمَنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع أَنَّكَ نِعْمَ الْعَبْدُ لَوْ لَا أَنَّكَ تَأْكُلُ مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَالِ وَ لَا تَعْمَلُ بِيَدِكَ شَيْئاً
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – Al Tafleysi, from Al Samandy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Dawood-as: “You-as are a good servant if only you-as did not consume from the Public Treasury, and worked something by your own hands”.
قَالَ فَبَكَى دَاوُدُ ع فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى الْحَدِيدِ أَنْ لِنْ لِعَبْدِي دَاوُدَ
He-asws said: ‘Dawood-as wept for forty (40) mornings and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto the iron: “Be soft for My-azwj servant Dawood-as!”
فَأَلَانَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَهُ الْحَدِيدَ فَكَانَ يَعْمَلُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ دِرْعاً فَيَبِيعُهَا بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَعَمِلَ ع ثَلَاثَ مِائَةٍ وَ سِتِّينَ دِرْعاً فَبَاعَهَا بِثَلَاثِ مِائَةٍ وَ سِتِّينَ أَلْفاً وَ اسْتَغْنَى عَنْ بَيْتِ الْمَالِ
Thus, Allah-azwj Softened the iron for him-as, and he-as used to make armour and sell it for a thousand Dirhams. He made three hundred and sixty body armours, and sold these for three hundred and sixty thousand, and became needless from the Public Treasury’.[20]
22- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ تَعَذَّرَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْحَوَائِجُ فَلْيَلْتَمِسْ طَلَبَهَا يَوْمَ الثَّلَاثَاءِ فَإِنَّهُ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي أَلَانَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ الْحَدِيدَ لِدَاوُدَ ع
‘Al-Kafi’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father and Ali Bin Muhammad altogether, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Suleyman Ibn Dawood, from Hafs Bin Gayas,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The one who is unable to fulfil his need should seek it on the day of Tuesday, for it is the day in which Allah-azwj Softened the iron for Dawood-as’’.[21]
23- شا، الإرشاد رَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَجْلَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِذَا قَامَ قَائِمُ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ حَكَمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِحُكْمِ دَاوُدَ لَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى بَيِّنَةٍ يُلْهِمُهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَيَحْكُمُ بِعِلْمِهِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – It is reported by Abdullah Bin Ajlan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the rising one (Al-Qaim-asws) of the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww rises, he-asws would judge between the people with the judgment of Dawood-as, not being needy to any evidence (proof). Allah-azwj the Exalted will Inspire him-asws with its knowledge’’.[22]
24 كتاب البيان، لابن شهرآشوب يقال إن داود ع جزأ ساعات الليل و النهار على أهله فلم يكن ساعة إلا و إنسان من أولاده في الصلاة فقال تعالى اعْمَلُوا آلَ داوُدَ شُكْراً
(opinion)[23]
25- نهج، نهج البلاغة وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ ثَلَّثْتُ بِدَاوُدَ ع صَاحِبِ الْمَزَامِيرِ وَ قَارِئِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَلَقَدْ كَانَ يَعْمَلُ سَفَائِفَ الْخُوصِ بِيَدِهِ وَ يَقُولُ لِجُلَسَائِهِ أَيُّكُمْ يَكْفِينِي بَيْعَهَا وَ يَأْكُلُ قُرْصَ الشَّعِيرِ مِنْ ثَمَنِهَا
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘(Amir Al-Momineen-asws said): ‘And if you like I-asws can give you a third example of Dawood-as. He-as is the bearer of the Psalms, and reciter of the people of Paradise. He-as used to make baskets of palm leaves with his-as hands and was saying to his-as gatherers: ‘Which one of you will buy it from me-as?’ And he-as would eat barley bread from its price’’.[24]
26- كا، الكافي عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَوَّلَ مَا بُعِثَ كَانَ يَصُومُ حَتَّى يُقَالَ مَا يُفْطِرُ وَ يُفْطِرُ حَتَّى يُقَالَ مَا يَصُومُ ثُمَّ تَرَكَ ذَلِكَ وَ صَامَ يَوْماً وَ أَفْطَرَ يَوْماً وَ هُوَ صَوْمُ دَاوُدَ ع الْخَبَرَ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ayoub, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘‘Rasool-Allah-saww, at the beginning of his-saww Sending, was Fasting such until it was said, ‘He-saww will not be breaking (stop Fasting)’, and he-saww was breaking (not Fasting) until it was said, ‘He-saww will not be Fasting’. Then he-saww left that and Fasted for one day, and broke (not Fasted) for one day, and it is the Fasting of Dawood-as’ – the Hadeeth’.[25]
27- كا، الكافي أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ دَاوُدَ ع لَمَّا وَقَفَ الْمَوْقِفَ بِعَرَفَةَ نَظَرَ إِلَى النَّاسِ وَ كَثْرَتِهِمْ فَصَعِدَ الْجَبَلَ فَأَقْبَلَ يَدْعُو فَلَمَّا قَضَى نُسُكَهُ أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا دَاوُدُ يَقُولُ لَكَ رَبُّكَ لِمَ صَعِدْتَ الْجَبَلَ ظَنَنْتَ أَنَّهُ يَخْفَى عَلَيَّ صَوْتُ مَنْ صَوَّتَ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Usman Bin Isa, from Ibn Muskan, from the one who reported it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Dawood-as paused at the Pausing Station in Arafat, looked at the people and their abundance. He-as climbed upon the mountain, and started supplicating. When he-as had completed his-as rituals, Jibraeel-as came over to him and said to him-as: ‘O Dawood-as! Your-as Lord-azwj is Saying to you-as: “Why did you-as ascend the mountain? Do you-as think that a voice from the voices would be concealed from Me-azwj?”
ثُمَّ مَضَى بِهِ إِلَى الْبَحْرِ إِلَى جُدَّةَ فَرَسَبَ بِهِ فِي الْمَاءِ مَسِيرَةَ أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً فِي الْبَرِّ فَإِذَا صَخْرَةٌ فَفَلَقَهَا فَإِذَا فِيهَا دُودَةٌ فَقَالَ يَا دَاوُدُ يَقُولُ لَكَ رَبُّكَ أَنَا أَسْمَعُ صَوْتَ هَذِهِ فِي بَطْنِ هَذِهِ الصَّخْرَةِ فِي قَعْرِ هَذَا الْبَحْرِ فَظَنَنْتَ أَنَّهُ يَخْفَى عَلَيَّ صَوْتُ مَنْ صَوَّتَ
Then he-as went with him-as to the sea to Jeddah. He-as swam with him-as in the sea for a travel distance of forty mornings in the land. There was a rock, and he (Jibraeel-as split it and there was an insect in it. He-as said to him-as: ‘O Dawood-as! Your-as Lord-azwj is Saying to you-as: “I-azwj can Hear the voice of this one in the inside of this rock at the bottom of this sea, so do you-as think that a voice from the voices would be concealed from Me-azwj?”[26]
28- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر النَّضْرُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ دَاوُدُ النَّبِيُّ ع لَأَعْبُدَنَّ اللَّهَ الْيَوْمَ عِبَادَةً وَ لَأَقْرَأَنَّ قِرَاءَةً لَمْ أَفْعَلْ مِثْلَهَا قَطُّ فَدَخَلَ مِحْرَابَهُ فَفَعَلَ
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed and ‘Al Nawadir’ – Al Nazar, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Musa Bin Bakr, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Prophet Dawood-as said: ‘Today I-as shall worship Allah-azwj with such a worship and recite such a recitation I-as have not done the like of it at all!’ Then he-as entered into his-as prayer niche and did so.
فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ إِذَا هُوَ بِضِفْدِعٍ فِي الْمِحْرَابِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا دَاوُدُ أَعْجَبَكَ الْيَوْمَ مَا فَعَلْتَ مِنْ عِبَادَتِكَ وَ قِرَاءَتِكَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لَا يُعْجِبَنَّكَ فَإِنِّي أُسَبِّحُ اللَّهَ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ أَلْفَ تَسْبِيحَةٍ يَتَشَعَّبُ لِي مَعَ كُلِّ تَسْبِيحَةٍ ثَلَاثَةَ آلَافِ تَحْمِيدَةٍ وَ إِنِّي لَأَكُونُ فِي قَعْرِ الْمَاءِ فَيُصَوِّتُ الطَّيْرُ فِي الْهَوَاءِ فَأَحْسَبُهُ جَائِعاً فَأَطْفُو لَهُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ لِيَأْكُلَنِي وَ مَا لِي ذَنْبٌ
When he-as was free from his-as Salat, when there was a frog with him-as in the prayer niche, and it said to him-as, ‘O Dawood-as! Are you-as marvelling at what you-as have done from your-as worship and your-as recitation?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’. It said, ‘Do not be fascinated by it, for I tend to glorify Allah-azwj during every night by a thousand Glorifications, branching out for me along with every Glorification, three thousand Praises, and I happen to be in the bottom of the water, and the bird makes a sound in the air and I reckon it to be hungry, so I float for it upon the water so that it can eat me, and there is no sin for me’’.[27]
29- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ دَاوُدَ النَّبِيَّ ع كَانَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فِي مِحْرَابِهِ إِذْ مَرَّتْ بِهِ دُودَةٌ حَمْرَاءُ صَغِيرَةٌ تَدُبُّ حَتَّى انْتَهَتْ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ سُجُودِهِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا دَاوُدُ وَ حَدَّثَ فِي نَفْسِهِ لِمَ خُلِقَتْ هَذِهِ الدُّودَةُ
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed and ‘Al Nawadir’ – Al Hassan Bin Muhammad, from Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘One day the Prophet Dawood-as was in his-as prayer niche, when a small red insect passed by him-as crawling until it ended up at the place of his-as Sajdah. Dawood-as looked at it and discussed within himself-as: ‘Why was this insect created?’
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهَا تَكَلَّمِي فَقَالَتْ لَهُ يَا دَاوُدُ هَلْ سَمِعْتَ حِسِّي أَوِ اسْتَبَنْتَ عَلَى الصَّفَا أَثَرِي فَقَالَ لَهَا دَاوُدُ لَا قَالَتْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَسْمَعُ دَبِيبِي وَ نَفَسِي وَ حِسِّي وَ يَرَى أَثَرَ مَشْيِي فَاخْفِضْ مِنْ صَوْتِكَ
Allah-azwj Revealed to it: “Speak!” It said to him-as, ‘O Dawood-as! Can you-as even sense or do my footsteps even manifest upon the rock?’ Dawood-as said to it: ‘No’. It said, ‘Allah-azwj does Hear my footsteps and my breathing and Senses, and He-azwj Sees the effects of my walking, therefore lower your-as voice’’.[28]
عَرَائِسُ الثَّعْلَبِيِّ، قَالَ وَهْبٌ إِنَّ دَاوُدَ ع لَمَّا تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَكَى عَلَى خَطِيئَتِهِ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً لَا يَرْقَأُ لَهُ دَمْعَةٌ لَيْلًا وَ لَا نَهَاراً فَقَسَّمَ الدَّهْرَ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَيَّامٍ يَوْمٌ لِلْقَضَاءِ بَيْنَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ يَوْمٌ لِنِسَائِهِ وَ يَوْمٌ يُسَبِّحُ فِيهِ فِي الْفَيَافِي وَ الْجِبَالِ وَ السَّاحِلِ وَ يَوْمٌ يَخْلُو فِي دَارٍ لَهُ فِيهَا أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ مِحْرَابٍ فَيَجْتَمِعُ إِلَيْهِ الرُّهْبَانُ فَيَنُوحُ مَعَهُمْ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ يُسَاعِدُونَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ سِيَاحَتِهِ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى الْفَيَافِي فَيَرْفَعُ صَوْتَهُ بِالْمَزَامِيرِ فَيَبْكِي وَ يَبْكِي مَعَهُ الشَّجَرُ وَ الْمَدَرُ وَ الرِّمَالُ وَ الطَّيْرُ وَ الْوُحُوشُ وَ الْحِيتَانُ وَ دَوَابُّ الْبَحْرِ وَ طَيْرُ الْمَاءِ وَ السِّبَاعُ وَ يَبْكِي مَعَهُ الْجِبَالُ وَ الْحِجَارَةُ وَ الدَّوَابُّ وَ الطَّيْرُ حَتَّى يَسِيلَ مِنْ دُمُوعِهِمْ مِثْلَ الْأَنْهَارِ ثُمَّ يَجِيءُ إِلَى الْبِحَارِ فَيَرْفَعُ صَوْتَهُ بِالْمَزَامِيرِ وَ يَبْكِي فَتَبْكِي مَعَهُ الْحِيتَانُ وَ دَوَابُّ الْبَحْرِ فَإِذَا أَمْسَى رَجَعَ وَ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ نَوْحِهِ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ نَادَى مُنَادِيهِ أَنَّ الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ نَوْحِ دَاوُدَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَلْيَحْضُرْ مَنْ يُسَاعِدُهُ قَالَ فَيَدْخُلُ الدَّارَ الَّتِي فِيهَا الْمَحَارِيبُ فَيُبْسَطُ لَهُ ثَلَاثَةُ فُرُشٍ مِنْ مُسُوحٍ حَشْوُهَا اللِّيفُ فَيَجْلِسُ عَلَيْهَا وَ يَجِيءُ الرُّهْبَانُ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافِ رَاهِبٍ عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَرَانِسُ وَ فِي أَيْدِيهِمُ الْعِصِيُّ فَيَجْلِسُونَ فِي تِلْكَ الْمَحَارِيبِ ثُمَّ يَرْفَعُ دَاوُدُ صَوْتَهُ بِالْبُكَاءِ وَ النَّوْحِ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ يَرْفَعُ الرُّهْبَانُ مَعَهُ أَصْوَاتَهُمْ فَلَا يَزَالُ يَبْكِي حَتَّى يَغْرِقَ الْفِرَاشُ مِنْ دُمُوعِهِ وَ يَقَعَ دَاوُدُ فِيهَا مِثْلَ الْفَرْخِ يَضْطَرِبُ فَيَجِيءُ ابْنُهُ سُلَيْمَانُ ع فَيَحْمِلُهُ وَ يَأْخُذُ دَاوُدُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الدُّمُوعِ بِكَفَّيْهِ ثُمَّ يَمْسَحُ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ وَ يَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ اغْفِرْ مَا تَرَى فَلَوْ عُدِلَ بُكَاءُ دَاوُدَ وَ دُمُوعُهُ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا وَ دُمُوعِهِمْ لَعَدَلَهَا وَ قَالَ وَهْبٌ لَمَّا تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَى دَاوُدَ ع كَانَ يَبْدَأُ بِالدُّعَاءِ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لِلْخَاطِئِينَ قَبْلَ نَفْسِهِ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلْخَاطِئِينَ فَعَسَاكَ تَغْفِرُ لِدَاوُدَ مَعَهُمْ وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ ع كَانَ بَعْدَ الْخَطِيئَةِ لَا يُجَالِسُ إِلَّا الْخَاطِئِينَ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى دَاوُدَ الْخَاطِئِ وَ لَا يَشْرَبُ شَرَاباً إِلَّا وَ هُوَ مَمْزُوجٌ بِدُمُوعِ عَيْنَيْهِ وَ كَانَ يَذُرُّ عَلَيْهِ الْمِلْحَ وَ الرَّمَادَ فَيَقُولُ وَ هُوَ يَأْكُلُ هَذَا أَكْلُ الْخَاطِئِينَ وَ كَانَ قَبْلَ الْخَطِيئَةِ يَقُومُ نِصْفَ اللَّيْلِ وَ يَصُومُ نِصْفَ الدَّهْرِ وَ بَعْدَهَا صَامَ الدَّهْرَ كُلَّهُ وَ قَامَ اللَّيْلَ كُلَّهُ
(Judeo Christian literature + non-Shia source)
باب 2 قصة داود عليه السلام و أوريا و ما صدر عنه من ترك الأولى و ما جرى بينه و بين حزقيل عليهما السلام
CHAPTER 2 – STORY OF DAWOOD-as AND OWRIYA AND WHAT HAPPENNED FROM HIM-as FROM THE FIRST NEGLECT AND WHAT FLOWED BETWEEN HIM-as AND HIZKEEL-as (EZEKIEL)
الآيات ص 17 وَ اذْكُرْ عَبْدَنا داوُدَ ذَا الْأَيْدِ إِنَّهُ أَوَّابٌ
The Verses – (Surah) Suad: and remember Our servant Dawood, possessor of the strength, he was penitent [38:17]
إِنَّا سَخَّرْنَا الْجِبالَ مَعَهُ يُسَبِّحْنَ بِالْعَشِيِّ وَ الْإِشْراقِ
Surely, We Subjugated the mountains with him, Glorifying at evening and sunrise [38:18]
وَ الطَّيْرَ مَحْشُورَةً كُلٌّ لَهُ أَوَّابٌ
And the birds gathered, all responding to him [38:19]
وَ شَدَدْنا مُلْكَهُ وَ آتَيْناهُ الْحِكْمَةَ وَ فَصْلَ الْخِطابِ
And We Strengthened his kingdom and We Gave him the Wisdom and Decisive Speech [38:20]
وَ هَلْ أَتاكَ نَبَأُ الْخَصْمِ إِذْ تَسَوَّرُوا الْمِحْرابَ
And did there come to you news of the litigants when they climbed over the (prayer) Niche? [38:21]
إِذْ دَخَلُوا عَلى داوُدَ فَفَزِعَ مِنْهُمْ قالُوا لا تَخَفْ خَصْمانِ بَغى بَعْضُنا عَلى بَعْضٍ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَنا بِالْحَقِّ وَ لا تُشْطِطْ وَ اهْدِنا إِلى سَواءِ الصِّراطِ
When they came to Dawood, he panicked from them. They said, ‘Do not fear! (We are) two litigants. One of us has transgressed upon the other, therefore judge between us with the Truth, and do not be unjust, and guide us to the even path [38:22]
إِنَّ هذا أَخِي لَهُ تِسْعٌ وَ تِسْعُونَ نَعْجَةً وَ لِيَ نَعْجَةٌ واحِدَةٌ فَقالَ أَكْفِلْنِيها وَ عَزَّنِي فِي الْخِطابِ
This is my brother. For him are ninety nine ewes and for me there is one ewe, but he said, ‘Hand it over to me’, and he prevailed in discourse’ [38:23]
قالَ لَقَدْ ظَلَمَكَ بِسُؤالِ نَعْجَتِكَ إِلى نِعاجِهِ وَ إِنَّ كَثِيراً مِنَ الْخُلَطاءِ لَيَبْغِي بَعْضُهُمْ عَلى بَعْضٍ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ عَمِلُوا الصَّالِحاتِ وَ قَلِيلٌ ما هُمْ وَ ظَنَّ داوُدُ أَنَّما فَتَنَّاهُ فَاسْتَغْفَرَ رَبَّهُ وَ خَرَّ راكِعاً وَ أَنابَ
He (Dawood) said: ‘He has wronged you by asking for your ewe to (be added) to his ewes, and surely most of the partners tend to transgress upon each other except those who believe and do righteous deeds, and they are few’. And Dawood rather thought We had Tried him, so he sought Forgiveness of his Lord and fell down in Ruku and was penitent [38:24]
فَغَفَرْنا لَهُ ذلِكَ وَ إِنَّ لَهُ عِنْدَنا لَزُلْفى وَ حُسْنَ مَآبٍ
Therefore, We Forgave that for him. And surely, for him, in Our Presence, there is Proximity and an excellent resort [38:25]
يا داوُدُ إِنَّا جَعَلْناكَ خَلِيفَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِالْحَقِّ وَ لا تَتَّبِعِ الْهَوى فَيُضِلَّكَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ شَدِيدٌ بِما نَسُوا يَوْمَ الْحِسابِ
“O Dawood! Surely, We Made you a Caliph in the earth, therefore judge between the people with the Truth and do not follow the vain desires, for you will stray from the Way of Allah. Surely, those who stray from the way of Allah, for them is a severe Punishment due to their forgetting the Day of Reckoning!” [38:26]
1- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ دَاوُدَ ع لَمَّا جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلِيفَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ الزَّبُورَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى الْجِبَالِ وَ الطَّيْرِ أَنْ يُسَبِّحْنَ مَعَهُ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Dawood-as, when Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made him a Caliph in the earth and Revealed the Psalms upon him, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to the mountains, and the birds that they should glorify along with him-as.
وَ كَانَ سَبَبُهُ أَنَّهُ إِذَا صَلَّى يَقُومُ وَزِيرُهُ بَعْدَ مَا يَفْرُغُ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ فَيَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ وَ يُسَبِّحُهُ وَ يُكَبِّرُهُ وَ يُهَلِّلُهُ ثُمَّ يَمْدَحُ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ ع نَبِيّاً نَبِيّاً وَ يَذْكُرُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِمْ وَ أَفْعَالِهِمْ وَ شُكْرِهِمْ وَ عِبَادَتِهِمْ لِلَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ الصَّبْرِ عَلَى بَلَائِهِ وَ لَا يَذْكُرُ دَاوُدَ ع
And its reason was that when he prayed Salat, his Vizier stood up after having been free from the Salat, and he praised Allah-azwj and Glorified Him-azwj, and extolled His-azwj Greatness and extolled His-azwj Oneness. Then he praised the Prophets-as, Prophet-as after Prophet-as, and he mentioned their-as merits and their-as deeds, and thanked them-as and their-as worship of Allah-azwj the Glorious, and the patience upon His-azwj Afflictions, and did not mention Dawood-as.
فَنَادَى دَاوُدُ رَبَّهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ قَدْ أَثْنَيْتَ عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ بِمَا قَدْ أَثْنَيْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لَمْ تُثْنِ عَلَيَّ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ هَؤُلَاءِ عِبَادٌ ابْتَلَيْتُهُمْ فَصَبَرُوا وَ أَنَا أُثْنِي عَلَيْهِمْ بِذَلِكَ
Dawood-as called out to his-as Lord-azwj and he-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! There has been praise upon the Prophets-as what he has praised upon them-as, and did not praise upon me-as’. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to him-as: “They-as were servant I-azwj had Tried them, and they-as were patient, and I-azwj Praised upon them with that”.
فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ فَابْتَلِنِي حَتَّى أَصْبِرَ فَقَالَ يَا دَاوُدُ تَخْتَارُ الْبَلَاءَ عَلَى الْعَافِيَةِ إِنِّي أَبْلَيْتُ هَؤُلَاءِ وَ لَمْ أُعْلِمْهُمْ وَ أَنَا أُبْلِيكَ وَ أُعْلِمُكَ أَنَّهُ يَأْتِيكَ بَلَائِي فِي سَنَةِ كَذَا وَ شَهْرِ كَذَا فِي يَوْمِ كَذَا وَ كَانَ دَاوُدُ يُفَرِّغُ نَفْسَهُ لِعِبَادَتِهِ يَوْماً وَ يَقْعُدُ فِي مِحْرَابِهِ وَ يَوْمٌ يَقْعُدُ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَيَحْكُمُ بَيْنَهُمْ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي وَعَدَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اشْتَدَّتْ عِبَادَتُهُ وَ خَلَا فِي مِحْرَابِهِ وَ حَجَبَ النَّاسَ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ هُوَ فِي مِحْرَابِهِ يُصَلِّي
He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Try me-as until I-as observe patience’. He-azwj Said: “O Dawood-as! Are you-as choosing the afflictions over the well-being? I-azwj Tried them-as and did not let them know, and I-azwj am going to Try you-as and letting you-as know that My-azwj Afflictions will be coming to you-as in a certain year and certain month and certain day. And Dawood-as used to free himself-as to worshipping Allah-azwj and sit in his-as prayer niche, and one day he-as would sit to with the Children of Israel and judge between them. When it was the day which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Promised him-as, he-as intensified his-as worship and isolated himself-as in his-as prayer niche and barred the people from himself-as while he-as was praying Salat in his-as prayer niche.
فَإِذَا بِطَائِرٍ قَدْ وَقَعَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ جَنَاحَاهُ مِنْ زَبَرْجَدٍ أَخْضَرَ وَ رِجْلَاهُ مِنْ يَاقُوتٍ أَحْمَرَ وَ رَأْسُهُ وَ مِنْقَارُهُ مِنَ اللُّؤْلُؤِ وَ الزَّبَرْجَدِ فَأَعْجَبَهُ جِدّاً وَ نَسِيَ مَا كَانَ فِيهِ فَقَامَ لِيَأْخُذَهُ فَطَارَ الطَّائِرُ فَوَقَعَ عَلَى حَائِطٍ بَيْنَ دَاوُدَ وَ بَيْنَ أُورِيَا بْنِ حَنَانٍ وَ كَانَ دَاوُدُ قَدْ بَعَثَ أُورِيَا فِي بَعْثٍ
There was a bird, which had settled in front of him-as, its wings being of green aquamarine, and its feet being of red ruby, and its head and its beak being of pearls and aquamarine. It fascinated him-as a lot and he-as forgot what he-as was in. He-as stood in order to grab it, but the bird flew and settled upon a wall between Dawood-as and Owriya Bin Hanan, and Dawood-as had sent Owriya in a sending (army).
فَصَعِدَ دَاوُدُ الْحَائِطَ لِيَأْخُذَ الطَّيْرَ وَ إِذَا امْرَأَةُ أُورِيَا جَالِسَةٌ تَغْتَسِلُ فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ ظِلَّ دَاوُدَ نَشَرَتْ شَعْرَهَا وَ غَطَّتْ بِهِ بَدَنَهَا فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا دَاوُدُ وَ افْتَتَنَ بِهَا وَ رَجَعَ إِلَى مِحْرَابِهِ وَ نَسِيَ مَا كَانَ فِيهِ وَ كَتَبَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْبَعْثِ أَنْ يَسِيرُوا إِلَى مَوْضِعِ كَيْتَ وَ كَيْتَ وَ يُوضَعَ التَّابُوتُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ عَدُوِّهِمْ
Dawood-as climbed the wall in order to grab it, and there was the wife of Owriya seated, bathing. When she saw the shadow of Dawood-as, she spread her hair, and covered her body with it. Dawood-as looked at her and was tempted by her, and returned to his-as prayer niche and forgot what he-as had been in, and he-as wrote to his-as companion in that army that he should travel to such and such a place, and place the chest (Taboot) between them and their enemies.
وَ كَانَ التَّابُوتُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمَّا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسى وَ آلُ هارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ وَ قَدْ كَانَ رُفِعَ بَعْدَ مُوسَى ع إِلَى السَّمَاءِ لَمَّا عَمِلَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ بِالْمَعَاصِي
And the chest (Taboot) used to be among the Children of Israel, just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and remnants of what the progeny of Musa and the progeny of Haroun have left, the Angels would be carrying it; [2:248], and it had been Raised to the sky after Musa-as when the Children of Israel had become known with the (acts of) disobedience.
فَلَمَّا غَلَبَهُمْ جَالُوتُ وَ سَأَلُوا النَّبِيَّ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ مَلِكاً يُقَاتِلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ تَقَدَّسَ وَجْهُهُ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ طَالُوتَ وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِمُ التَّابُوتَ وَ كَانَ التَّابُوتُ إِذَا وُضِعَ بَيْنَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ بَيْنَ أَعْدَائِهِمْ وَ رَجَعَ عَنِ التَّابُوتِ إِنْسَانٌ كُفِّرَ وَ قُتِلَ وَ لَا يَرْجِعُ أَحَدٌ عَنْهُ إِلَّا وَ يُقْتَلُ
When Goliath overcame them, they asked the Prophet-as to send a king to them who would fight in the Way of Allah-azwj – Holy is His-azwj Face – Sent Talut to them and Sent down the chest (Taboot), and it was so that whenever the chest was placed between the Children of Israel and they enemies, no human would return from the chest except he would disbelieve and be killed.
فَكَتَبَ دَاوُدُ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ الَّذِي بَعَثَهُ أَنْ ضَعِ التَّابُوتَ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ عَدُوِّكَ وَ قَدِّمْ أُورِيَا بْنَ حَنَانٍ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ التَّابُوتِ فَقَدَّمَهُ وَ قُتِلَ فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ أُورِيَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَلَكَانِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةَ أُورِيَا وَ كَانَتْ فِي عِدَّتِهَا وَ دَاوُدُ فِي مِحْرَابِهِ يَوْمَ عِبَادَتِهِ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَلَكَانِ مِنْ سَقْفِ الْبَيْتِ وَ قَعَدَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ
Dawood-as wrote to his-as companion who he-as had sent: ‘Place the chest between you and your enemy, and send Owriya Bin Hanan ahead in front of the chest’. So, he went ahead and was killed. When Owriya was killed, two Angels came to him-as, and the wife of Owriya had not remarried and she was in her waiting period, and Dawood-as was in his-as prayer niche on the day of his-as worship. The two Angels came to him-as from the ceiling of the room and sat in front of him-as.
فَفَزِعَ دَاوُدُ مِنْهُمَا فَقَالا لا تَخَفْ خَصْمانِ بَغى بَعْضُنا عَلى بَعْضٍ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَنا بِالْحَقِّ وَ لا تُشْطِطْ وَ اهْدِنا إِلى سَواءِ الصِّراطِ وَ لِدَاوُدَ حِينَئِذٍ تِسْعٌ وَ تِسْعُونَ امْرَأَةً مَا بَيْنَ مَهِيرَةٍ إِلَى جَارِيَةٍ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِدَاوُدَ إِنَّ هذا أَخِي لَهُ تِسْعٌ وَ تِسْعُونَ نَعْجَةً وَ لِيَ نَعْجَةٌ واحِدَةٌ فَقالَ أَكْفِلْنِيها وَ عَزَّنِي فِي الْخِطابِ أَيْ ظَلَمَنِي وَ قَهَرَنِي
Dawood-as was alarmed from them. They said, ‘(We are) two litigants. One of us has transgressed upon the other, therefore judge between us with the Truth, and do not be unjust, and guide us to the even path [38:22] This is my brother. For him are ninety-nine ewes and for me there is one ewe, but he said, ‘Hand it over to me’, and he prevailed in discourse’ [38:23] – i.e., he has oppressed me and coerced me.
فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ لَقَدْ ظَلَمَكَ بِسُؤالِ نَعْجَتِكَ إِلى نِعاجِهِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ خَرَّ راكِعاً وَ أَنابَ قَالَ فَضَحِكَ الْمُسْتَعْدَى عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ قَالَ حَكَمَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ أَ تَضْحَكُ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَهْشِمَ فَاكَ قَالَ فَعَرَجَا وَ قَالَ الْمَلَكُ الْمُسْتَعْدَى عَلَيْهِ لَوْ عَلِمَ دَاوُدُ أَنَّهُ أَحَقُّ بِهَشْمِ فِيهِ مِنِّي فَفَهِمَ دَاوُدُ الْأَمْرَ وَ ذَكَرَ الْقَضِيَّةَ فَبَقِيَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً سَاجِداً يَبْكِي لَيْلَهُ وَ نَهَارَهُ وَ لَا يَقُومُ إِلَّا وَقْتَ الصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى انْخَرَقَ جَبِينُهُ وَ سَالَ الدَّمُ مِنْ عَيْنَيْهِ
Dawood said just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Related: ‘He has wronged you by asking for your ewe to (be added) to his ewes [38:24] – up to His-azwj Words: and fell down in Ruku and was penitent [38:24].He-asws said: ‘The claimant from the Angels laughed at him-as and said, ‘The man judges against himself’. Dawood-as said: ‘Are you laughing you have disobeyed, and I-as am thinking of breaking your mouth’. He-asws said: ‘They both went back, and the defendant Angel said, ‘If only Dawood-as knew that he-as is more deserving with breaking regarding it than I am’. Dawood-as understood the matter and remembered the judgment, and he-as remained in Sajdah for forty days, crying during his-as night and his day, and not standing except the time of the Salat until his-as forehead was split and the blood flowed from his-as eyes.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً نُودِيَ يَا دَاوُدُ مَا لَكَ أَ جَائِعٌ أَنْتَ فَنُشْبِعَكَ أَمْ ظَمْآنُ فَنُسْقِيَكَ أَمْ عُرْيَانٌ فَنَكْسُوَكَ أَمْ خَائِفٌ فَنُؤَمِّنَكَ فَقَالَ أَيْ رَبِّ وَ كَيْفَ لَا أَخَافُ وَ قَدْ عَمِلْتُ مَا عَلِمْتَ وَ أَنْتَ الْحَكَمُ الْعَدْلُ الَّذِي لَا يَجُوزُكَ ظُلْمُ ظَالِمٍ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ تُبْ يَا دَاوُدُ فَقَالَ أَيْ رَبِّ وَ أَنَّى لِي بِالتَّوْبَةِ
When it was after forty days, He-azwj Called out: “O Dawood-as! What is the matter with you-as? Are you-as hungry, then We-azwj shall Feed you-as, or thirsty, then We-azwj shall Quench you-as, or bare, then We-azwj shall Clothe you-as, or fearful then We-azwj shall Secure you-as?”He-as said: ‘Yes, O Lord-azwj! And how can I-as not be fearful and I-as have done what I-as did and You-azwj are the Just Judge Who does not Overlook any injustice of an unjust one?’ Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to him-as: “Repent, O Dawood-as!” He-as said: ‘Yes Lord-azwj, and how would there be the repentance for me-as?’
قَالَ صِرْ إِلَى قَبْرِ أُورِيَا حَتَّى أَبْعَثَهُ إِلَيْكَ وَ اسْأَلْهُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَكَ فَإِنْ غَفَرَ لَكَ غَفَرْتُ لَكَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ قَالَ أَسْتَوْهِبُكَ مِنْهُ فَخَرَجَ دَاوُدُ ع يَمْشِي عَلَى قَدَمَيْهِ وَ يَقْرَأُ الزَّبُورَ وَ كَانَ إِذَا قَرَأَ الزَّبُورَ لَا يَبْقَى حَجَرٌ وَ لَا شَجَرٌ وَ لَا جَبَلٌ وَ لَا طَائِرٌ وَ لَا سَبُعٌ إِلَّا يُجَاوِبُهُ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى جَبَلٍ وَ عَلَيْهِ نَبِيٌّ عَابِدٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ حِزْقِيلُ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ دَوِيَّ الْجِبَالِ وَ صَوْتَ السِّبَاعِ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ دَاوُدُ فَقَالَ هَذَا النَّبِيُّ الْخَاطِئُ
He-azwj Said: “Go to the grave of Owriya until I-azwj Resurrect him to you-as and ask him to forgive you-as, so if he does forgive you-as, then I-azwj shall Forgive you-as”. He-as said: ‘Supposing I-as do not do so?’ He-azwj Said: “I-azwj shall Gift (Forgiveness) to you-as from him”. Dawood-as went out walking upon his-as feet and reciting the Psalms, and it was so that whenever he-as recited the Psalms, there neither remain a stone, nor a tree, nor a mountain, nor a bird, nor a wild animal except they answered him-as until he-as ended up to a mountain and upon it was a Prophet-as called Hizkeel-as worshipping. When he-as heard the resonance of the mountain and voices of the animals, he-as knew it was Dawood-as. He-as said: ‘This is the erring Prophet-as.
فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ يَا حِزْقِيلُ أَ تَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ أَصْعَدَ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ لَا فَإِنَّكَ مُذْنِبٌ فَبَكَى دَاوُدُ ع فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى حِزْقِيلَ يَا حِزْقِيلُ لَا تُعَيِّرْ دَاوُدَ بِخَطِيئَتِهِ وَ سَلْنِي الْعَافِيَةَ فَنَزَلَ حِزْقِيلُ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ دَاوُدَ وَ أَصْعَدَهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ دَاوُدُ يَا حِزْقِيلُ هَلْ هَمَمْتَ بِخَطِيئَةٍ قَطُّ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ دَخَلَكَ الْعُجْبُ مِمَّا أَنْتَ فِيهِ مِنْ عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ رَكَنْتَ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا فَأَحْبَبْتَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ مِنْ شَهَوَاتِهَا وَ لَذَّاتِهَا قَالَ بَلَى رُبَّمَا عَرَضَ ذَلِكَ بِقَلْبِي قَالَ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ قَالَ أَدْخُلُ هَذَا الشِّعْبَ فَأَعْتَبِرُ بِمَا فِيهِ
Dawood-as said: ‘O Hizkeel-as! Will you-as allow me-as to ascend to you-as?’ He-as said: ‘No, for you-as are a sinner’. Dawood-as cried. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Hizkeel-as: “O Hizkeel-as! Do not fault Dawood-as of his-as mistake, and ask Me-azwj for the well-being!” Hizkeel-as descended to him-as and grabbed a hand of Dawood-as and ascended him-as to him-as. Dawood-as said to him-as: ‘O Hizkeel-as! Do you-as every think of sinning (mistake) at all?’ He-as said: ‘No’. He-as said: ‘Does that self-conceitedness enter from what you are in from the worship of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’ He-as said: ‘No’. He-as said: ‘Do you-as tend to incline towards the world, love to take from its desires and its pleasures?’ He-as said: ‘Yes, sometimes I-as view that with my-as heart’. He-as said: ‘So what do you-as do?’ He-as said: ‘I-as enter this cave and learn lessons with what is therein’.
قَالَ فَدَخَلَ دَاوُدُ ع الشِّعْبَ فَإِذَا بِسَرِيرٍ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ عَلَيْهِ جُمْجُمَةٌ بَالِيَةٌ وَ عِظَامٌ نَخِرَةٌ وَ إِذَا لَوْحٌ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ وَ فِيهِ مَكْتُوبٌ فَقَرَأَهُ دَاوُدُ فَإِذَا فِيهِ أَنَا أَرْوَى بْنُ سَلَمٍ مَلَكْتُ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ وَ بَنَيْتُ أَلْفَ مَدِينَةٍ وَ افْتَضَضْتُ أَلْفَ جَارِيَةٍ وَ كَانَ آخِرَ أَمْرِي أَنْ صَارَ التُّرَابُ فِرَاشِي وَ الْحِجَارَةُ وِسَادِي وَ الْحَيَّاتُ وَ الدِّيدَانُ جِيرَانِي فَمَنْ يَرَانِي فَلَا يَغْتَرَّ بِالدُّنْيَا
He-asws said: ‘Dawood-as entered the cave and there he-as was with an iron bed, upon it was a gathering of decayed skull and bones, and there was an iron Tablet and in it was written, and Dawood-as read it, and in it was: “I am Arwa Bin Salam. I ruled for a thousand years and built a thousand cities, and deflowered a thousand girls, and the last of my matters was that I became dust on my bed, and the rocks are my pillows, and the snakes and the insects are my neighbours. So, the one who sees me, he should not be deceived by the world’.
وَ مَضَى دَاوُدُ حَتَّى أَتَى قَبْرَ أُورِيَا فَنَادَاهُ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ ثُمَّ نَادَاهُ ثَانِيَةً فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ ثُمَّ نَادَاهُ ثَالِثَةً فَقَالَ أُورِيَا مَا لَكَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ شَغَلْتَنِي عَنْ سُرُورِي وَ قُرَّةِ عَيْنِي قَالَ يَا أُورِيَا اغْفِرْ لِي وَ هَبْ لِي خَطِيئَتِي فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَا دَاوُدُ بَيِّنْ لَهُ مَا كَانَ مِنْكَ فَنَادَاهُ دَاوُدُ فَأَجَابَهُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ فَقَالَ يَا أُورِيَا فَعَلْتُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ كَيْتَ وَ كَيْتَ فَقَالَ أُورِيَا أَ يَفْعَلُ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ مِثْلَ هَذَا فَنَادَاهُ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ فَوَقَعَ دَاوُدُ ع عَلَى الْأَرْضِ بَاكِياً
And Dawood-as went until he-as came to the grave of Owriya and called out to him. But he did not answer him-as. Then he-as called him secondly, but he did not answer him. Then he-as called him-as a third time, so Owriya said, ‘What is the matter with you-as, O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj? You-as have pre-occupied me from my cheerfulness and delight of my eyes?’ He-as said: ‘O Owriya! Forgive me-as and gift my-as mistake to me-as’. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: “O Dawood-as! Explain to him what happened from you-as!” Dawood-as called out at him, and he answered him-as during the third time, and he-as said: ‘O Owriya! I-as did such and such, and so and so’. Owriya said, ‘Do the Prophets-as do the like of this?’ He-as called out at him, but he did not answer him-as. Dawood-as fell down upon the ground, crying.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى صَاحِبِ الْفِرْدَوْسِ لِيَكْشِفْ عَنْهُ فَكَشَفَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ أُورِيَا لِمَنْ هَذَا فَقَالَ لِمَنْ غَفَرَ لِدَاوُدَ خَطِيئَتَهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ قَدْ وَهَبْتُ لَهُ خَطِيئَتَهُ فَرَجَعَ دَاوُدُ ع إِلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ كَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى قَامَ وَزِيرُهُ يَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ وَ يُثْنِي عَلَيْهِ وَ يُثْنِي عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ ع ثُمَّ يَقُولُ كَانَ مِنْ فَضْلِ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ دَاوُدَ قَبْلَ الْخَطِيئَةِ كَيْتَ وَ كَيْتَ فَاغْتَمَّ دَاوُدُ ع
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to the keeper of Al Firdows (Paradise) to uncover from it. So, he uncovered from it. Owriya said, ‘Who is this for?’ He said, ‘Fro the one who forgives Dawood-as of his-as mistake’. He said, ‘O Lord-azwj! I have gifted his-as sin to him’. Dawood-as returned to the Children of Israel, and it so happened that when he-as prayed Salat, his-as Vizier stood up and praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, and praised upon the Prophets-as, then he said, ‘It was from the merits of the Prophet-as of Allah-azwj Dawood-as before the mistake, such and such’. Dawood-as was gloomy.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا دَاوُدُ قَدْ وَهَبْتُ لَكَ خَطِيئَتَكَ وَ أَلْزَمْتُ عَارَ ذَنْبِكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ كَيْفَ وَ أَنْتَ الْحَكَمُ الْعَدْلُ الَّذِي لَا تَجُورُ قَالَ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يُعَاجِلُوكَ النَّكِيرَ وَ تَزَوَّجَ دَاوُدُ ع بِامْرَأَةِ أُورِيَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَوُلِدَ لَهُ مِنْهَا سُلَيْمَانُ ع ثُمَّ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَغَفَرْنا لَهُ ذلِكَ وَ إِنَّ لَهُ عِنْدَنا لَزُلْفى وَ حُسْنَ مَآبٍ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to him-as: “O Dawood-as! I-azwj have Gifted your-as mistake to you-as and Necessitated the shame of your-as sin on the Children of Israel”. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! How, and You-azwj are the Just Judge Who is not tyrannous?’ He-azwj Said: “Because they did not delay the difficulties from you-as”. And Dawood-as married the (widowed) wife of Owriya after that, and she gave birth for him-as to Suleyman-as. Then the Mighty and Majestic Said: Therefore, We Forgave that for him. And surely, for him, in Our Presence, there is Proximity and an excellent resort [38:25]’’.
بيان: اعلم أن هذا الخبر محمول على التقية لموافقته لما روته العامة في ذلك، وسيأتي تحقيق القول فيه.
Explanation (by Majlisi) – ‘Know that this Hadeeth is based upon the Taqayya (dissimulation) due to its compatibility with what is reported by the general Muslims (non-Shia) regarding that, and I (Majlisi) will be coming with the investigation of the words regarding it’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ ظَنَّ داوُدُ أَيْ عَلِمَ وَ أَنابَ أَيْ تَابَ وَ ذَكَرَ أَنَّ دَاوُدَ كَتَبَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ أَنْ لَا تُقَدِّمْ أُورِيَا بَيْنَ يَدَيِ التَّابُوتِ وَ رُدَّهُ فَقَدِمَ أُورِيَا إِلَى أَهْلِهِ وَ مَكَثَ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ مَاتَ
And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And Dawood rather thought – i.e. knew, and was penitent [38:24], i.e., repented, and he-asws mentioned that Dawood-as wrote to his-as companion not to send Owriya forward in front of the chest, and to return him. Owriya went to his family and remained for eight days, then died’’.[29]
2- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْهَمْدَانِيُّ وَ الْمُكَتِّبُ وَ الْوَرَّاقُ جَمِيعاً عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْمَكِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّلْتِ الْهَرَوِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلَ الرِّضَا ع عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ فَقَالَ مَا يَقُولُ مَنْ قِبَلَكُمْ فِي دَاوُدَ ع
‘Uyoun akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Hamdany and al Maktab and Al Waraq altogether, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad Al Barmakky, from Abu Al Salt Al Harqy who said,
‘Al-Reza-asws asked Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al-Jahm: ‘What are the ones before you (general Muslims) saying regarding Dawood-as?’
فَقَالَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ دَاوُدَ ع كَانَ فِي مِحْرَابِهِ يُصَلِّي إِذْ تَصَوَّرَ لَهُ إِبْلِيسُ عَلَى صُورَةِ طَيْرٍ أَحْسَنَ مَا يَكُونُ مِنَ الطُّيُورِ فَقَطَعَ دَاوُدُ صَلَاتَهُ وَ قَامَ لِيَأْخُذَ الطَّيْرَ فَخَرَجَ الطَّيْرُ إِلَى الدَّارِ فَخَرَجَ فِي أَثَرِهِ
He said, ‘They are saying that Dawood-as was praying Salat in his-as prayer Niche, and Iblees-la imaged himself-la upon the image of a beautiful bird, what can happen to be from the birds. Dawood-as cut off his-as Salat and stood up in order to grab the bird. But the bird went out to the house, and Dawood-as went out in its tracks.
فَطَارَ الطَّيْرُ إِلَى السَّطْحِ فَصَعِدَ فِي طَلَبِهِ فَسَقَطَ الطَّيْرُ فِي دَارِ أُورِيَا بْنِ حَنَانٍ فَاطَّلَعَ دَاوُدُ ع فِي أَثَرِ الطَّيْرِ فَإِذَا بِامْرَأَةِ أُورِيَا تَغْتَسِلُ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا هَوَاهَا وَ كَانَ قَدْ أَخْرَجَ أُورِيَا فِي بَعْضِ غَزَوَاتِهِ فَكَتَبَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ أَنْ قَدِّمْ أُورِيَا أَمَامَ الْحَرْبِ فَقُدِّمَ
Then the bird flew to the roof, so he-as climbed up in seeking it. Then the bird fell into the house of Owriya Bin Hanan, so Dawood-as went over in the track of the bird, and there was the wife of Owriya bathing. When he-as looked at her, he-as desired her. And Owriya had gone out in one of his-as military expedition. He-as wrote to his-as companion: ‘To make Owriya be in front of the battle’. He went in front.
فَظَفِرَ أُورِيَا بِالْمُشْرِكِينَ فَصَعُبَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى دَاوُدَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ ثَانِيَةً أَنْ قَدِّمْهُ أَمَامَ التَّابُوتِ فَقُدِّمَ فَقُتِلَ أُورِيَا رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ وَ تَزَوَّجَ دَاوُدُ بِامْرَأَتِهِ
But Owriya was victorious against the Polytheists, and that was difficult upon Dawood-as, so he-as wrote to him for a second time: ‘Place him in front of the carriage’. He went in front. Then Owriya was killed, and Dawood-as married his wife’.
قَالَ فَضَرَبَ ع بِيَدِهِ عَلَى جَبْهَتِهِ وَ قَالَ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ لَقَدْ نَسَبْتُمْ نَبِيّاً مِنْ أَنْبِيَاءِ اللَّهِ ع إِلَى التَّهَاوُنِ بِصَلَاتِهِ حِينَ خَرَجَ فِي أَثَرِ الطَّيْرِ ثُمَّ بِالْفَاحِشَةِ ثُمَّ بِالْقَتْلِ
He-asws said: ‘Al-Reza-asws smacked his-asws forehead with his-asws hand and said: ‘We are for Allah-azwj and to Him-azwj we are returning! You have attributed a Prophet-as from the Prophets-as of Allah-azwj with complacency in his-as Salats, to the extent that he-as went out following the bird, then with the immorality, then with the murder!’
فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَمَا كَانَتْ خَطِيئَتُهُ
He said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! What was his-as mistake?’
فَقَالَ ع وَيْحَكَ إِنَّ دَاوُدَ ع إِنَّمَا ظَنَّ أَنْ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلْقاً هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ الْمَلَكَيْنِ فَتَسَوَّرَا الْمِحْرَابَ فَقَالا خَصْمانِ بَغى بَعْضُنا عَلى بَعْضٍ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَنا بِالْحَقِّ وَ لا تُشْطِطْ وَ اهْدِنا إِلى سَواءِ الصِّراطِ إِنَّ هذا أَخِي لَهُ تِسْعٌ وَ تِسْعُونَ نَعْجَةً وَ لِيَ نَعْجَةٌ واحِدَةٌ فَقالَ أَكْفِلْنِيها وَ عَزَّنِي فِي الْخِطابِ
He-asws said: ‘Woe be unto you! But rather, Dawood-as thought that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had not Created a creature who was more knowledgeable than himself-as, so Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent two Angels who climbed over into the prayer Niche, and they said: (We are) two litigants. One of us has transgressed upon the other, therefore judge between us with the Truth, and do not be unjust, and guide us to the even path [38:22] This is my brother. For him are ninety-nine ewes and for me there is one ewe, but he said, ‘Hand it over to me’, and he prevailed in discourse’ [38:23].
فَعَجَّلَ دَاوُدُ ع عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ ظَلَمَكَ بِسُؤالِ نَعْجَتِكَ إِلى نِعاجِهِ وَ لَمْ يَسْأَلِ الْمُدَّعِيَ الْبَيِّنَةَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ لَمْ يُقْبِلْ عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ فَيَقُولَ لَهُ مَا تَقُولُ
Dawood-as hurriedly said to the claimant: He (Dawood) said: ‘He has wronged you by asking for your ewe to (be added) to his ewes [38:24], and he-as did not ask the claimant for the evidence upon that, and did not accept against the other one’. They said to him-asws, ‘What is your-asws view?’
فَكَانَ هَذَا خَطِيئَةُ حُكْمٍ لَا مَا ذَهَبْتُمْ إِلَيْهِ أَ لَا تَسْمَعُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ يا داوُدُ إِنَّا جَعَلْناكَ خَلِيفَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِالْحَقِ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
(He-asws said): ‘But this was a mistake in the procedure of the Judgment (of matters), not what you are going with against him-as. Have you not heard Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Saying: O Dawood! Surely We Made you a Caliph in the earth, therefore judge between the people with the Truth [38:26] – up to the end of the Verse’.
فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَمَا قِصَّتُهُ مَعَ أُورِيَا
He said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! What was the story with Owriya?’
قَالَ الرِّضَا ع إِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ فِي أَيَّامِ دَاوُدَ كَانَتْ إِذَا مَاتَ بَعْلُهَا أَوْ قُتِلَ لَا تَتَزَوَّجُ بَعْدَهُ أَبَداً وَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَبَاحَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ بِامْرَأَةٍ قُتِلَ بَعْلُهَا دَاوُدُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَتَزَوَّجَ بِامْرَأَةِ أُورِيَا لَمَّا قُتِلَ وَ انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا مِنْهُ فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي شُقَّ عَلَى أُورِيَا فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي شُقَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ مِنْ قِبَلِ أُورِيَا
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘The woman, during the days of Dawood-as was such that, if her husband died or was killed, she would not remarry after him, ever, and the first one Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Legalised to marry a woman whose husband had been killed was Dawood-as. He-as married the (widowed) wife of Owriya when he was killed, and she had spent her waiting period from him. So, that is what was grievous upon Owriya’’.[30]
3- ك، إكمال الدين لي، الأمالي للصدوق أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ دَاوُدَ ع خَرَجَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ يَقْرَأُ الزَّبُورَ وَ كَانَ إِذَا قَرَأَ الزَّبُورَ لَا يَبْقَى جَبَلٌ وَ لَا حَجَرٌ وَ لَا طَائِرٌ وَ لَا سَبُعٌ إِلَّا جَاوَبَهُ فَمَا زَالَ يَمُرُّ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى جَبَلٍ فَإِذَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْجَبَلِ نَبِيٌّ عَابِدٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ حِزْقِيلُ
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – My father, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘One day Dawood-as went out reciting the Psalms, and it was so that whenever he-as recited the Psalms, there neither remained any stone, nor bird, nor wild animal except answered him-as. He-as did not cease going until he-as ended up to a mountain, and upon that mountain there was a Prophet-as worshipping, called Hizkeel-as.
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ دَوِيَّ الْجِبَالِ وَ أَصْوَاتَ السِّبَاعِ وَ الطَّيْرِ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ دَاوُدُ ع فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ يَا حِزْقِيلُ أَ تَأْذَنُ لِي فَأَصْعَدَ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ لَا فَبَكَى دَاوُدُ ع فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ إِلَيْهِ يَا حِزْقِيلُ لَا تُعَيِّرْ دَاوُدَ وَ سَلْنِي الْعَافِيَةَ
When he-as heard the resonance of the mountain and the voices of the animals and the bird, he-as knew that it was Dawood-as. Dawood-as said: ‘O Hizkeel-as! Do you-as allow me to ascend to you-as?’ He-as said: ‘No’. Dawood-as cried, so Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Revealed to him-as: “O Hizkeel-as! Do not fault Dawood-as and ask Me-azwj for the well-being!”
فَقَامَ حِزْقِيلُ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ دَاوُدَ فَرَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ يَا حِزْقِيلُ هَلْ هَمَمْتَ بِخَطِيئَةٍ قَطُّ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ دَخَلَكَ الْعُجْبُ مِمَّا أَنْتَ فِيهِ مِنْ عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ لَا
Hizkeel-as stood up and grabbed a hand of Dawood-as and raised him-as to him-as. Dawood-as said: ‘O Hizkeel-as! Do you-as think of sinning (mistake) at all?’ He-as said: ‘No’. He-as said: ‘Does the self-conceitedness enter you from what you-as are in from worship of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’ He-as said: ‘No’.
قَالَ فَهَلْ رَكَنْتَ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا فَأَحْبَبْتَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ مِنْ شَهْوَتِهَا وَ لَذَّتِهَا قَالَ بَلَى رُبَّمَا عَرَضَ بِقَلْبِي قَالَ فَمَا ذَا تَصْنَعُ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَدْخُلُ هَذَا الشِّعْبَ فَأَعْتَبِرُ بِمَا فِيهِ
He-as said: ‘Do you-as tend to incline towards the world and love to take from its desires and its pleasures?’ He-as said: ‘Yes, sometimes my heart is exposed’. He-as said: ‘What is that you do when that happens?’ He-as said: ‘I-as enter this cave and learn lessons with what is therein’.
قَالَ فَدَخَلَ دَاوُدُ النَّبِيُّ ع الشِّعْبَ فَإِذَا سَرِيرٌ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ عَلَيْهِ جُمْجُمَةٌ بَالِيَةٌ وَ عِظَامٌ فَانِيَةٌ وَ إِذَا لَوْحٌ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ فِيهِ كِتَابَةٌ فَقَرَأَهَا دَاوُدُ ع فَإِذَا هِيَ أَنَا أَرْوَى سَلَمٍ مَلَكْتُ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ وَ بَنَيْتُ أَلْفَ مَدِينَةٍ وَ افْتَضَضْتُ أَلْفَ بِكْرٍ فَكَانَ آخِرَ أَمْرِي أَنْ صَارَ التُّرَابُ فِرَاشِي وَ الْحِجَارَةُ وِسَادَتِي وَ الدِّيدَانُ وَ الْحَيَّاتُ جِيرَانِي فَمَنْ رَآنِي فَلَا يَغْتَرَّ بِالدُّنْيَا
He-asws said: ‘The Prophet-as entered the cave, and there was a bed of iron, upon it was a decayed skull and perished bones, and there was an iron tabled wherein was a letter. He-as read it, and there it was: ‘I am Arwy Salam. I ruled for a thousand years, and built a thousand cities, and deflowered a thousand virgins. The last of my matters is that the dust became my bed, and the stones my pillow, and the insects and the snakes my neighbours. The one who sees me, he should not be deceived by the world’’.[31]
4- نبه، تنبيه الخاطر دَخَلَ دَاوُدُ غَاراً مِنْ غِيرَانِ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَوَجَدَ حِزْقِيلَ يَعْبُدُ رَبَّهُ وَ قَدْ يَبِسَ جِلْدُهُ عَلَى عَظْمِهِ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ أَسْمَعُ صَوْتَ شَبْعَانَ نَاعِمٍ فَمَنْ أَنْتَ
‘Tanbeeh Al Khatir’ – ‘Dawood-as entered a cave from the caves of Bayt Al Maqdis. He found Hiakeel-as worshipping his-as Lord-azwj, and his skin had dried upon his-as bones. He-as greeted unto him-as. He-as said: ‘I-as hear the voice of a satiated soft-living person! Who are you-as?’
قَالَ أَنَا دَاوُدُ قَالَ الَّذِي لَهُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا امْرَأَةً وَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا أَمَةً قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ أَنْتَ فِي هَذِهِ الشِّدَّةِ قَالَ مَا أَنَا فِي شِدَّةٍ وَ لَا أَنْتَ فِي نِعْمَةٍ حَتَّى تَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ
He-as said: ‘I-as am Dawood-as!’ He-as said: ‘The who who has such and such wife and such and such maid?’ He-as said: ‘Yes, and you-as are in this adversity!’ He-as said: ‘Neither am I in adversity nor are you-as in bounties until you-as enter Paradise!’’[32]
5- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ مُوسَى النَّخَعِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِيمَا يَقُولُ النَّاسُ فِي دَاوُدَ وَ امْرَأَةِ أُورِيَا فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ تَقُولُهُ الْعَامَّةُ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from Ali Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Musa Al Nakhaie, from Al-Husayn Bin Abu Saeed, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What are you-asws saying regarding what the people are saying regarding Dawood-as (and) wife of Owriya?’ He-as said: ‘That is something the general Muslims (Non-Shias) are saying’’.[33]
6 ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ عَنِ الشَّحَّامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَوْ أَخَذْتُ أَحَداً يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ دَاوُدَ ع وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهَا لَحَدَدْتُهُ حَدَّيْنِ حَدّاً لِلنُّبُوَّةِ وَ حَدّاً لِمَا رَمَاهُ بِهِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Yazeed, from Hamad Ibn Isa, from Al-Husayn Bin Al Mukhtar, from Al Shahaam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘If I-asws seize anyone who claims that Dawood-as placed his-as hand on her (Owriya’s wife), I-asws will punish him with two legal penalties – the legal punishment of the Prophet-hood, and a legal punishment for what he accused him-as with’’.[34]
7- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا بَكَى أَحَدٌ بُكَاءَ ثَلَاثَةٍ آدَمَ وَ يُوسُفَ وَ دَاوُدَ فَقُلْتُ مَا بَلَغَ مِنْ بُكَائِهِمْ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘No one has cried the crying of three – Adam-as, and Yusuf-as, and Dawood-as’. I said, ‘What reached from their-as crying?’
فَقَالَ أَمَّا آدَمُ ع فَبَكَى حِينَ أُخْرِجَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ كَانَ رَأْسُهُ فِي بَابٍ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ السَّمَاءِ فَبَكَى حَتَّى تَأَذَّى بِهِ أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ فَشَكَوْا ذَلِكَ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَحَطَّ مِنْ قَامَتِهِ
He-asws said: ‘As for Adam-as, he-as cried when expelled from Paradise, and his-as head was in a gate from the gateways of the sky, and he-as cried until the people of the sky were hurt by it. They complained of that to Allah-azwj and dropped from his-as standing.
فَأَمَّا دَاوُدُ فَإِنَّهُ بَكَى حَتَّى هَاجَ الْعُشْبُ مِنْ دُمُوعِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَيَزْفِرُ الزَّفْرَةَ فَيُحْرِقُ مَا نَبَتَ مِنْ دُمُوعِهِ وَ أَمَّا يُوسُفُ ع فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَبْكِي عَلَى أَبِيهِ يَعْقُوبَ وَ هُوَ فِي السِّجْنِ فَتَأَذَّى بِهِ أَهْلُ السِّجْنِ فَصَالَحَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَبْكِيَ يَوْماً وَ يَسْكُتَ يَوْماً
As for Dawood-as, he-as cried until the gRas grew from his-as tears, and when he-as exhaled the exhalation, he-as burnt what had grown from his-as tears. And as for Yusuf-as, he-as was crying upon his-as father-as Yaqoub-as while he-as was in the prison, and the people of the prison were hurt by it, so he-as reconciled with them upon that he-as will cry one day and be silent one day’’.[35]
8- كا، الكافي عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْخُرَاسَانِيِ عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْحَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ أَنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُ ذَنْبَكَ وَ جَعَلْتُ عَارَ ذَنْبِكَ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ يَا رَبِّ وَ أَنْتَ لَا تَظْلِمُ قَالَ إِنَّهُمْ لَنْ يُعَاجِلُوكَ بِالنَّكَرَةِ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Ali, from his father, from Ibn Asbaat, from Abu Is’haq Al Khurasani, from one of his men, said,
‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Dawood-as: “I-azwj have Forgiven your-as sin and Made the shame of your-azwj sin upon the children of Israel!” He-azwj said: ‘How come, O Lord-azwj, and You-azwj are not unjust?’ He-azwj Said: ‘They will never never hasten to you-as with the denial! (All Prophets-as are infallible, so it’s an incorrect account)
عَرَائِسُ الثَّعْلَبِيِّ، قَالَ: لَمَّا عَلِمَ دَاوُدُ بَعْدَ نُزُولِ الْمَلَكَيْنِ أَنَّهُمَا نَزَلَا لِتَنْبِيهِهِ عَلَى الْخَطَإِ خَرَّ سَاجِداً أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً لَا يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ إِلَّا لِحَاجَةٍ وَ لِوَقْتِ صَلَاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ ثُمَّ يَعُودُ سَاجِداً ثُمَّ لَا يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ إِلَّا لِحَاجَةٍ لَا بُدَّ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ يَعُودُ فَيَسْجُدُ تَمَامَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً لَا يَأْكُلُ وَ لَا يَشْرَبُ وَ هُوَ يَبْكِي حَتَّى نَبَتَ الْعُشْبُ حَوْلَ رَأْسِهِ وَ هُوَ يُنَادِي رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ يَسْأَلُهُ التَّوْبَةَ وَ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي سُجُودِهِ سُبْحَانَ الْمَلِكِ الْأَعْظَمِ الَّذِي يَبْتَلِي الْخَلْقَ بِمَا يَشَاءُ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي لَمْ أَتَّعِظْ بِمَا وَعَظْتَ بِهِ غَيْرِي سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي أَنْتَ خَلَقْتَنِي وَ كَانَ فِي سَابِقِ عِلْمِكَ مَا أَنَا صَائِرٌ إِلَيْهِ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي يُغْسَلُ الثَّوْبُ فَيَذْهَبُ دَرَنُهُ وَ وَسَخُهُ وَ الْخَطِيئَةُ لَازِمَةٌ لِي لَا تَذْهَبُ عَنِّي سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي أَمَرْتَنِي أَنْ أَكُونَ لِلْيَتِيمِ كَالْأَبِ الرَّحِيمِ وَ لِلْأَرْمَلَةِ كَالزَّوْجِ الرَّحِيمِ فَنَسِيتُ عَهْدَكَ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ الْوَيْلُ لِدَاوُدَ إِذَا كُشِفَ عَنْهُ الْغِطَاءُ فَيُقَالُ هَذَا دَاوُدُ الْخَاطِئُ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي بِأَيِّ عَيْنٍ أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ إِنَّمَا يَنْظُرُ الظَّالِمُونَ مِنْ طَرْفٍ خَفِيٍّ إِلَهِي بِأَيِّ قَدَمٍ أَقُومُ أَمَامَكَ يَوْمَ تَزِلُّ أَقْدَامُ الْخَاطِئِينَ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي الْخَطِيئَةُ لَازِمَةٌ لِي سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي مِنْ أَيْنَ يَطْلُبُ الْعَبْدُ الْمَغْفِرَةَ إِلَّا مِنْ عِنْدِ سَيِّدِهِ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي مَطَرَتِ السَّمَاءُ وَ لَمْ تَمْطُرْ حَوْلِي سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي أَعْشَبَتِ الْأَرْضُ وَ لَمْ تَعْشَبْ حَوْلِي لِخَطِيئَتِي سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي أَنَا الَّذِي لَا أُطِيقُ حَرَّ شَمْسِكَ فَكَيْفَ أُطِيقُ حَرَّ نَارِكَ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي أَنَا الَّذِي لَا أُطِيقُ صَوْتَ رَعْدِكَ فَكَيْفَ أُطِيقُ صَوْتَ جَهَنَّمَ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي كَيْفَ يَسْتَتِرُ الْخَاطِئُونَ بِخَطَايَاهُمْ وَ أَنْتَ شَاهِدُهُمْ حَيْثُ كَانُوا سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي قُرِحَ الْجَبِينُ وَ جَمَدَتِ الْعَيْنَانِ مِنْ مَخَافَةِ الْحَرِيقِ عَلَى جَسَدِي سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي تُسَبِّحُ لَكَ الطَّيْرُ بِأَصْوَاتٍ ضِعَافٍ تَخَافُكَ وَ أَنَا الْعَبْدُ الْخَاطِئُ الَّذِي لَمْ أَرْعَ وَصِيَّتَكَ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي الْوَيْلُ لِدَاوُدَ مِنَ الذَّنْبِ الْعَظِيمِ الَّذِي أَصَابَ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي أَسْأَلُكَ يَا إِلَهَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ أَنْ تُعْطِيَنِي سُؤْلِي فَإِنَّ إِلَيْكَ رَغْبَتِي سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ اللَّهُمَّ بِرَحْمَتِكَ اغْفِرْ لِي ذُنُوبِي وَ لَا تُبَاعِدْنِي مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ بِهَوَايَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ دَعْوَةٍ لَا تُسْتَجَابُ وَ صَلَاةٍ لَا تُقْبَلُ وَ عَمَلٍ لَا يُقْبَلُ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي بِنُورِ وَجْهِكَ الْكَرِيمِ ذُنُوبِيَ الَّتِي أَوْبَقَتْنِي سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي فَرَرْتُ إِلَيْكَ بِذُنُوبِي وَ اعْتَرَفْتُ بِخَطِيئَتِي فَلَا تَجْعَلْنِي مِنَ الْقَانِطِينَ وَ لَا تُخْزِنِي يَوْمَ الدِّينِ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ إِلَهِي قَرِحَ الْجَبِينُ وَ فَنِيَتِ الدُّمُوعُ وَ تَنَاثَرَ الدُّودُ مِنْ رُكْبَتَيَّ وَ خَطِيئَتِي أَلْزَمُ بِي مِنْ جِلْدِي سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ قَالُوا فَأَتَاهُ نِدَاءٌ يَا دَاوُدُ أَ جَائِعٌ أَنْتَ فَتُطْعَمَ أَمْ ظَمْآنُ أَنْتَ فَتُسْقَى أَ مَظْلُومٌ أَنْتَ فَتُنْصَرَ وَ لَمْ يُجِبْهُ فِي ذِكْرِ خَطِيئَتِهِ فَصَاحَ صَيْحَةً هَاجَ مَا حَوْلَهُ ثُمَّ نَادَى يَا رَبِّ الذَّنْبَ الَّذِي أَصَبْتُ فَنُودِيَ يَا دَاوُدُ ارْفَعْ رَأْسَكَ فَقَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَكَ فَلَمْ يَرْفَعْ رَأْسَهُ حَتَّى جَاءَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَرَفَعَهُ وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا نَادَى أُورِيَا فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ بَعْدَ ذِكْرِ مَا فَعَلَ بِزَوْجَتِهِ قَامَ عِنْدَ قَبْرِهِ وَ جَعَلَ يَحْثُو التُّرَابَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ثُمَّ نَادَى الْوَيْلُ لِدَاوُدَ ثُمَّ الْوَيْلُ لِدَاوُدَ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ الْوَيْلُ لِدَاوُدَ ثُمَّ الْوَيْلُ لَهُ حِينَ يُؤْخَذُ بِذَقَنِهِ فَيُدْفَعُ إِلَى الْمَظْلُومِ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ الْوَيْلُ لِدَاوُدَ ثُمَّ الْوَيْلُ الطَّوِيلُ لَهُ حِينَ يُسْحَبُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ مَعَ الْخَاطِئِينَ إِلَى النَّارِ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ الْوَيْلُ لِدَاوُدَ ثُمَّ الْوَيْلُ الطَّوِيلُ لَهُ حِينَ تُقَرِّبُهُ الزَّبَانِيَةُ مَعَ الظَّالِمِينَ إِلَى النَّارِ سُبْحَانَ خَالِقِ النُّورِ قَالَ فَأَتَاهُ نِدَاءٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ يَا دَاوُدُ قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَكَ ذَنْبَكَ وَ رَحِمْتُ بُكَاءَكَ وَ اسْتَجَبْتُ دُعَاءَكَ وَ أَقَلْتُ عَثْرَتَكَ
(Derogatory – non-Shia source)[36]
باب 3 ما أوحي إليه عليه السلام و صدر عنه من الحكم
CHAPTER 3 – WHAT WAS REVEALED TO HIM-as AND THE JUDGMENTS ISSUED FROM HIM-as
الآيات الأنبياء 105 وَ لَقَدْ كَتَبْنا فِي الزَّبُورِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الذِّكْرِ أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ يَرِثُها عِبادِيَ الصَّالِحُونَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al-Anbiyaa: And We had Written in the Psalms from after the Zikr, that the earth, My righteous servants shall inherit it [21:105].
Note –
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع هُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْمَهْدِيِّ ع فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ
Abu Ja’far said: ‘They are companions of Al-Mahdi in the end times’.
1- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: نَزَلَ الزَّبُورُ فِي لَيْلَةِ ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ مَضَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Psalms were Revealed during the night of eighteenth from a Month of Ramazan’.[37]
2- ع، علل الشرائع بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ص لِمَ سُمِّيَ الْفُرْقَانُ فُرْقَاناً فَقَالَ لِأَنَّهُ مُتَفَرِّقُ الْآيَاتِ وَ السُّوَرِ أُنْزِلَتْ فِي غَيْرِ الْأَلْوَاحِ وَ غَيْرِ الصُّحُفِ وَ التَّوْرَاةُ وَ الْإِنْجِيلُ وَ الزَّبُورُ أُنْزِلَتْ كُلُّهَا جُمْلَةً فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ وَ الْوَرَقِ الْحَدِيثَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – By his chain, from Yazeed Bin Salaam,
He asked the Prophet-saww, ‘Why is the Furqan named as ‘Furqan’?’ He-saww said: ‘Because it is of separate Verses and Chapters. It was Revealed in other than the Tablets and other than the Parchments; and the Torah and the Evangel and the Psalms were Revealed, all of them were included in the Tablets and the papers’ – the Hadeeth’.[38]
3- لي، الأمالي للصدوق الدَّقَّاقُ عَنِ الصُّوفِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُوسَى الطَّبَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْخَشَّابِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مِحْصَنٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع مَا لِي أَرَاكَ وُحْدَاناً قَالَ هَجَرْتُ النَّاسَ وَ هَجَرُونِي فِيكَ
‘Al-Amaali’ 0f Al-Sadouq – Al Daqaq, from Al Sowfy, from Ubeydullah Bin Musa Al Tabary, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn Al Khashab, from Muhammad Bin Mohsin, from Yunus Bin Zabyan,
‘From Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to Dawood-as: “What is the matter I-azwj see you-as alone?’ He-as said: ‘I-as fled the people and they fled from me, for Your-azwj Sake’. He-azwj Said: “What is the matter I-azwj See you-as silent?’ He-as said: ‘Your-azwj fear silences me-as.
قَالَ فَمَا لِي أَرَاكَ سَاكِتاً قَالَ خَشْيَتُكَ أَسْكَتَتْنِي قَالَ فَمَا لِي أَرَاكَ نَصِباً قَالَ حُبُّكَ أَنْصَبَنِي قَالَ فَمَا لِي أَرَاكَ فَقِيراً وَ قَدْ أَفَدْتُكَ قَالَ الْقِيَامُ بِحَقِّكَ أَفْقَرَنِي قَالَ فَمَا لِي أَرَاكَ مُتَذَلِّلًا قَالَ عَظِيمُ جَلَالِكَ الَّذِي لَا يُوصَفُ ذَلَّلَنِي وَ حَقٌّ ذَلِكَ لَكَ يَا سَيِّدِي
He-azwj Said: “What is the matter I-azwj See you-as silent?’ He-as said: ‘Your-azwj love silences me-as’. He-azwj Said: “What is the matter I-azwj See you-as poor and I-azwj have Given you-as?” He-as said: ‘The standing with Your-azwj Rights impoverished me-as’. He-azwj What is the matter I-azwj See you-as humbled?” He-as said: ‘The Magnificence of Your-azwj Majesty, which cannot be described, humbles me-as, and the right of that is for You-azwj, O my-as Master-azwj!’
قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ فَأَبْشِرْ بِالْفَضْلِ مِنِّي فَلَكَ مَا تُحِبُّ يَوْمَ تَلْقَانِي خَالِطِ النَّاسَ وَ خَالِقْهُمْ بِأَخْلَاقِهِمْ وَ زَايِلْهُمْ فِي أَعْمَالِهِمْ تَنَلْ مَا تُرِيدُ مِنِّي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, Said: “Then, receive glad tidings with the Grace from Me-azwj. For you-as would be with whatever you-as love, on the Day of Qiyamah. Mingle with the people and behave with their good behaviour and keep away from them in their (evil) deeds, you-as will attain what you-as want from Me-azwj on the Day of Qiyamah”.
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع يَا دَاوُدُ بِي فَافْرَحْ وَ بِذِكْرِي فَتَلَذَّذْ وَ بِمُنَاجَاتِي فَتَنَعَّمْ فَعَنْ قَلِيلٍ أُخْلِي الدَّارَ مِنَ الْفَاسِقِينَ وَ أَجْعَلُ لَعْنَتِي عَلَى الظَّالِمِينَ
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Dawood-as: “O Dawood-as! Be happy with Me-azwj, and derive pleasure with My-azwj Mention, and achieve bliss with whispering to Me-azwj, for after a little while I-azwj shall Empty the house (world) from the transgressors and Make My-azwj Curse to be upon the unjust’.[39]
4- لي، الأمالي للصدوق ابْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع يَا دَاوُدُ كَمَا لَا تَضِيقُ الشَّمْسُ عَلَى مَنْ جَلَسَ فِيهَا كَذَلِكَ لَا تَضِيقُ رَحْمَتِي عَلَى مَنْ دَخَلَ فِيهَا وَ كَمَا لَا تَضُرُّ الطِّيَرَةُ مَنْ لَا يَتَطَيَّرُ مِنْهَا كَذَلِكَ لَا يَنْجُو مِنَ الْفِتْنَةِ الْمُتَطَيِّرُونَ وَ كَمَا أَنَّ أَقْرَبَ النَّاسِ مِنِّي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ الْمُتَوَاضِعُونَ كَذَلِكَ أَبْعَدُ النَّاسِ مِنِّي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ الْمُتَكَبِّرُونَ
‘Al-Amaali’ of Al-Sadouq – Ibn Al Mugheira, from his grandfather, from Al Sakuny,
‘From Al-Sakuny, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Dawood-as: “Just like the sun does not straitened upon the one who sits in it, like that My-azwj Mercy does not straiten upon the one who enters into it, and just as the evil omen cannot harm the one does not flee from it, like that the fleeing ones cannot be saved from the Fitna, and just as the closest of the people from Me-azwj on the Day of Qiyamah would be the humble, like that the remotest of the people from Me-azwj on the Day of Qiyamah are the arrogant’.[40]
5- لي، الأمالي للصدوق أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ النَّهْدِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع أَنَ الْعَبْدَ مِنْ عِبَادِي لَيَأْتِينِي بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَأُبِيحُهُ جَنَّتِي
‘Al-Amaali’ of Al-Sadouq – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Nahdy, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Dawood-as: “The servant from My-azwj servants, let him come to Me-azwj with the good deed and I-azwj shall Gift My-azwj Paradise to him”.
قَالَ فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ ع يَا رَبِّ وَ مَا تِلْكَ الْحَسَنَةُ قَالَ يُدْخِلُ عَلَى عَبْدِيَ الْمُؤْمِنِ سُرُوراً وَ لَوْ بِتَمْرَةٍ
He-asws said: ‘Dawood-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! And what is that good deed?’ He-azwj Said: ‘Entering the cheerfulness upon My-azwj Momin servant and even if it be by a date!
قَالَ فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ ع حَقٌّ لِمَنْ عَرَفَكَ أَنْ لَا يَقْطَعَ رَجَاءَهُ مِنْكَ
He-asws said: ‘Dawood-as said: ‘(It is) a right of the one who recognises You-azwj that he does not cut off his hopes from You-azwj’’.[41]
6- مع، معاني الأخبار ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ مِنْ عِبَادِي لَيَأْتِينِي بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَأُدْخِلُهُ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ وَ مَا تِلْكَ الْحَسَنَةُ قَالَ يُفَرِّجُ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِ كُرْبَتَهُ وَ لَوْ بِتَمْرَةٍ
Majaylawiya, from Ali, from his father, from Dawood Bin Suleyman,
‘From Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Dawood-as: “The servant from My-azwj servants, let him come to Me-azwj with the good deed and enter Paradise!” He-as said: ‘Lord-azwj! And what is that good deed?’ He-azwj Said: “Relieving from the Momin of his worries, and even if it be by a date”.
قَالَ فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ ع حَقٌّ لِمَنْ عَرَفَكَ أَنْ لَا يَنْقَطِعَ رَجَاؤُهُ مِنْكَ
He-asws said: ‘Dawood-as said: ‘A right of the one who recognises You-azwj is that he does not cut off his hopes from You-azwj’’.[42]
7- ب، قرب الإسناد ابْنُ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ ذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ وَ فِيهِ قَالَ كُرْبَةٌ يُنَفِّسُهَا عَنْ مُؤْمِنٍ بِقَدْرِ تَمْرَةٍ أَوْ شِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Ibn Tareyf, from Ibn Alwan,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said, and he mentioned approximate to it, and in it, he-saww said: ‘A worry he releases from a Momin by a measurement of a date, or a piece of date’’.[43]
8- ب، قرب الإسناد هَارُونُ عَنِ ابْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ دَاوُدَ قَالَ لِسُلَيْمَانَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِيَّاكَ وَ كَثْرَةَ الضَّحِكِ فَإِنَّ كَثْرَةَ الضَّحِكِ تَتْرُكُ الْعَبْدَ حَقِيراً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَا بُنَيَّ عَلَيْكَ بِطُولِ الصَّمْتِ إِلَّا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ النَّدَامَةَ عَلَى طُولِ الصَّمْتِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً خَيْرٌ مِنَ النَّدَامَةِ عَلَى كَثْرَةِ الْكَلَامِ مَرَّاتٍ يَا بُنَيَّ لَوْ أَنَّ الْكَلَامَ كَانَ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لِلصَّمْتِ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Haroun, from Ibn Sadaqa,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Dawood-as said to Suleyman-as: ‘O my-as son-as! Beware of laughing a lot, for a lot of laughter would leave the servant despicable on the Day of Qiyamah. O my-as son-as! Upon you-as is to be with prolonged silence, except from good, for the regret upon the prolonged silence once is better than the regret upon the abundant speaking many times. O my-as son-as! If the speech were from silver, it would be appropriate for the silence that it happens to be from gold’’.[44]
9- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ التَّمَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْأَنْبَارِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الزَّاهِدِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ الطَّائِيَّ الْوَاعِظَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ وَهْبَ بْنَ مُنَبِّهٍ يَقُولُ قَرَأْتُ فِي زَبُورِ دَاوُدَ أَسْطُراً مِنْهَا مَا حَفِظْتُ وَ مِنْهَا مَا نَسِيتُ فَمَا حَفِظْتُ قَوْلُهُ يَا دَاوُدُ اسْمَعْ مِنِّي مَا أَقُولُ وَ الْحَقَّ أَقُولُ مَنْ أَتَانِي وَ هُوَ يُحِبُّنِي أَدْخَلْتُهُ الْجَنَّةَ
‘Al-Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad Al Tamar, from Muhammad Bin Al Qasim Al Anbary, from his father, from Al-Husayn Bin Suleyman Al Zahid who said, ‘I heard Abu Ja’far Al Taie the preacher saying, ‘I heard Wahad Bin Munabbih (Yemeni scholar expert in Judeo Christian literature) saying,
‘I read some lines in the Psalms of Dawood-as. From these are what I memorised and from these are what I forgot. What I memorised were His-azwj Words: “O Dawood-as! Listen to Me-azwj what I-azwj am Saying, and the truth is what I-azwj am Saying. The one who comes to Me-azwj loving Me-azwj, I-azwj shall Admit him into Paradise!
يَا دَاوُدُ اسْمَعْ عَنِّي مَا أَقُولُ وَ الْحَقَّ أَقُولُ مَنْ أَتَانِي وَ هُوَ مُسْتَحْيٍ مِنَ الْمَعَاصِي الَّتِي عَصَانِي بِهَا غَفَرْتُهَا لَهُ وَ أَنْسَيْتُهَا حَافِظَيْهِ
O Dawood-as! Listen to Me-azwj what I-azwj am Saying, and the truth is what I-azwj am Saying. One who comes to Me-azwj and he is embarrassed from the acts of disobedience which he had disobeyed Me-azwj with, I-azwj shall Forgive these for him and Cause his recorders to forget these!
يَا دَاوُدُ اسْمَعْ مِنِّي مَا أَقُولُ وَ الْحَقَّ أَقُولُ مَنْ أَتَانِي بِحَسَنَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ أَدْخَلْتُهُ الْجَنَّةَ
O Dawood-as! Listen to Me-azwj what I-azwj am Saying, and the truth is what I-azwj am Saying. One who comes to Me-azwj with one good deed, I-azwj shall Admit him into Paradise!”
قَالَ دَاوُدُ يَا رَبِّ وَ مَا هَذِهِ الْحَسَنَةُ
Dawood-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj, and what is this good deed?’
قَالَ مَنْ فَرَّجَ عَنْ عَبْدٍ مُسْلِمٍ
He-azwj Said: “One who relives a submitting servant!”
فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ إِلَهِي لِذَلِكَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِمَنْ عَرَفَكَ أَنْ يَقْطَعَ رَجَاءَهُ مِنْكَ
Dawood-as said: ‘My-as God-azwj! For that (reason) it is not befitting for the one who recognises You-azwj that he cuts off his hopes from You-azwj!’’ (Judeo Christian literature)[45]
10- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ هَارُونَ عَنِ ابْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: فِي حِكْمَةِ آلِ دَاوُدَ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ كَيْفَ تَتَكَلَّمُ بِالْهُدَى وَ أَنْتَ لَا تُفِيقُ عَنِ الرَّدَى يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ أَصْبَحَ قَلْبُكَ قَاسِياً وَ لِعَظَمَةِ اللَّهِ نَاسِياً فَلَوْ كُنْتَ بِاللَّهِ عَالِماً وَ بِعَظَمَتِهِ عَارِفاً لَمْ تَزَلْ مِنْهُ خَائِفاً وَ لِمَوْعِدِهِ رَاجِياً وَيْحَكَ كَيْفَ لَا تَذْكُرُ لَحْدَكَ وَ انْفِرَادَكَ فِيهِ وَحْدَكَ
‘Al-Amaali’ – Al Mufeed, from Al Hassan Bin Hamza Al Alawy, from Muhammad Al Himeyri, from his father, from Haroun, from Ibn Ziyad,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Among wisdom of the family of Dawood-as: ‘O son of Adam-as! How can you speak with guidance while you have not recovered from the ruination? O son of Adam-as! Your heart has become harsh, forgetful of the Magnificence of Allah-azwj. If you were knowledgeable with Allah-azwj and of His-azwj Magnificence, a recogniser, you will not cease to be fearful of Him-azwj and desirous to His-azwj Promise. Woe be unto you! How can you not remember your grave and your being individual in it and alone?’’[46]
11- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ الْأُمَوِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْأُمَوِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع يَا دَاوُدُ إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ لَيَأْتِينِي بِالْحَسَنَةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَأُحَكِّمُهُ بِهَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ
‘Al-Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi’ – A group, from Abu Al Mufazzal, from Ahmad Bin Saeed Bin Yazeed, from Muhammad Bin Salma Al Amawy, from Ahmad Bin Al Qasim Al Amawy, from his father,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘I‑asws heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to Dawood-as: “O Dawood-as! The servant will come to Me-azwj with the good deed on the Day of Qiyamah, and I-azwj shall Judge him due to it to be in Paradise!”
قَالَ دَاوُدُ ع يَا رَبِّ وَ مَا هَذَا الْعَبْدُ الَّذِي يَأْتِيكَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَتُحَكِّمُهُ بِهَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ قَالَ عَبْدٌ مُؤْمِنٌ سَعَى فِي حَاجَةِ أَخِيهِ الْمُسْلِمِ أَحَبَّ قَضَاءَهَا قُضِيَتْ لَهُ أَمْ لَمْ تُقْضَ
Dawood-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! And what is this servant who will come to You-azwj with the good deed on the Day of Qiyamah, so You-azwj will Judge him due to it to be in Paradise?’ He-azwj Said: ‘A Momin servant striving regarding a need of his Muslim brother. I-azwj would Love its accomplishment, whether he accomplishes for him or does not accomplish it’.[47]
12- فس، تفسير القمي وَ لَقَدْ كَتَبْنا فِي الزَّبُورِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الذِّكْرِ قَالَ الْكُتُبُ كُلُّهَا ذِكْرٌ أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ يَرِثُها عِبادِيَ الصَّالِحُونَ قَالَ الْقَائِمُ ع وَ أَصْحَابُهُ قَالَ وَ الزَّبُورُ فِيهِ مَلَاحِمُ وَ تَحْمِيدٌ وَ تَمْجِيدٌ وَ دُعَاءٌ
(opinion)[48]
13- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع أَنْ بَلِّغْ قَوْمَكَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ عَبْدٍ مِنْهُمْ آمُرُهُ بِطَاعَتِي فَيُطِيعُنِي إِلَّا كَانَ حَقّاً عَلَيَّ أَنْ أُعِينَهُ عَلَى طَاعَتِي فَإِنْ سَأَلَنِي أَعْطَيْتُهُ وَ إِنْ دَعَانِي أَجَبْتُهُ وَ إِنِ اعْتَصَمَ بِي عَصَمْتُهُ وَ إِنِ اسْتَكْفَانِي كَفَيْتُهُ وَ إِنْ تَوَكَّلَ عَلَيَّ حَفِظْتُهُ وَ إِنْ كَادَهُ جَمِيعُ خَلْقِي كِدْتُ دُونَهُ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Malik Bin Atiya, from Al Sumaly,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to Dawood-as: “Deliver to your-as people that there isn’t any servant from them I-azwj Commanded to obey Me-azwj, so he obeys me except he would have a right upon Me-azwj that I-azwj Assist him upon obeying Me-azwj. Do, if he asks Me-azwj, I-azwj shall Grant it, and if he supplicates to Me-azwj I shall Answer him, and if holds fast with Me-azwj, I-azwj Shall Hold him, and if he wants to suffice by Me-azwj I shall Suffice him, and if he relies upon Me-azwj I shall Protect him, and even if the entirety of My-azwj creatures plot against him, I-azwj shall Scheme besides him![49]
14- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ وَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَارُونَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مِحْصَنٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع أَنَّ الْعِبَادَ تَحَابُّوا بِالْأَلْسُنِ وَ تَبَاغَضُوا بِالْقُلُوبِ وَ أَظْهَرُوا الْعَمَلَ لِلدُّنْيَا وَ أَبْطَنُوا الْغِشَّ وَ الدَّغَلَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Aban, from Ibn Awrama and from Ali Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Haroun, from Ubeydullah Bin Musa, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Mohsin, from Yunus Bin Zabyan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to Dawood-as: ‘The servants tend to love each other by the tongues, and hate each other by the hearts, and are manifesting the deeds for the (sake of the) world, and are hiding the deceit and the corruption (mischief)’’.[50]
15- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع اذْكُرْنِي فِي أَيَّامِ سَرَّائِكَ حَتَّى أَسْتَجِيبَ لَكَ فِي أَيَّامِ ضَرَّائِكَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By this chain from Ibn Owrama, from Al Hassan Bin Ali raising it, said,
‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to Dawood-as: “Remember Me-azwj in the days of your-as prosperity until I-azwj Answer you-as during the days of your-as adversity![51]
16- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِدَاوُدَ ع أَحِبَّنِي وَ حَبِّبْنِي إِلَى خَلْقِي قَالَ يَا رَبِّ نَعَمْ أَنَا أُحِبُّكَ فَكَيْفَ أُحَبِّبُكَ إِلَى خَلْقِكَ قَالَ اذْكُرْ أَيَادِيَّ عِنْدَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا ذَكَرْتَ ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ أَحَبُّونِي
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Al Nazar, from Israeel raising it to,
‘The Prophet-saww having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to Dawood-as: “Love Me‑azwj and make Me to be beloved to My-azwj creatures!” He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Yes, I-as do love You-azwj, but how can I-as make You-azwj to be beloved to Your-azwj creatures?’ He-azwj Said: “Mention My-azwj Favours in their presence, for when you-as mention that to them, they will love Me-azwj![52]
17- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُوقَةَ عَنْ عِيسَى الْفَرَّاءِ وَ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: بَيْنَا دَاوُدُ ع جَالِسٌ وَ عِنْدَهُ شَابٌّ رَثُّ الْهَيْئَةِ يُكْثِرُ الْجُلُوسَ عِنْدَهُ وَ يُطِيلُ الصَّمْتَ إِذْ أَتَاهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَحَدَّ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ النَّظَرَ إِلَى الشَّابِّ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al Washa, from Ali Bin Sowqat, from Isa Al Fara’a and Abu Ali Al Attar, from a man, from Al Sumaly,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘While Dawood-as was seated and in his-saww presence was a young man of shabby body who used to frequently sit in his-as presence and would be of prolonged silence, when the Angel of death came to him-as. He greeted unto him-as, and the Angel of death cast the look to the youth.
فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ ع نَظَرْتَ إِلَى هَذَا فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِنِّي أُمِرْتُ بِقَبْضِ رُوحِهِ إِلَى سَبْعَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ فَرَحِمَهُ دَاوُدُ فَقَالَ يَا شَابُّ هَلْ لَكَ امْرَأَةٌ قَالَ لَا وَ مَا تَزَوَّجْتُ قَطُّ
Dawood-as said: ‘You looked at this one’. He said, ‘Yes, I am Commanded with capturing his soul in seven days in this very place’. Dawood-as felt pity on him and he-as said: ‘O young man! Is there a wife for you?’ He said, ‘No, and I have not married at all’.
قَالَ دَاوُدُ ع فَأْتِ فُلَاناً رَجُلًا كَانَ عَظِيمَ الْقَدْرِ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقُلْ لَهُ إِنَّ دَاوُدَ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ تُزَوِّجَنِي ابْنَتَكَ وَ تُدْخِلَهَا اللَّيْلَةَ وَ خُذْ مِنَ النَّفَقَةِ مَا تَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ وَ كُنْ عِنْدَهَا فَإِذَا مَضَتْ سَبْعَةُ أَيَّامٍ فَوَافِنِي فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ
Dawood-as said: ‘Go to so and so’ – a man who was of great worth among the Children of Israel, ‘And say to him, ‘Dawood-as orders you to marry me to your daughter’, and enter her at night, and take from the expenses whatever you need to it, and be with her. When seven days pass by, then meet me in this place’.
فَمَضَى الشَّابُّ بِرِسَالَةِ دَاوُدَ ع فَزَوَّجَهُ الرَّجُلُ ابْنَتَهُ وَ أَدْخَلُوهَا عَلَيْهِ وَ أَقَامَ عِنْدَهَا سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ وَافَى دَاوُدَ يَوْمَ الثَّامِنِ فَقَالَ لَهُ دَاوُدُ ع يَا شَابُّ كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَ مَا كُنْتَ فِيهِ قَالَ مَا كُنْتُ فِي نِعْمَةٍ وَ لَا سُرُورٍ قَطُّ أَعْظَمَ مِمَّا كُنْتُ فِيهِ قَالَ دَاوُدُ اجْلِسْ فَجَلَسَ وَ دَاوُدُ يَنْتَظِرُ أَنْ يُقْبَضَ رُوحُهُ
The youth went with the message of Dawood-as, and the man married him to his daughter and entered her (as his wife) to him, and he stayed with her for seven days, then met Dawood-as on the eight day. Dawood-as said to him: ‘O young man! How do you view what you were in?’ He said, ‘I have not been in any bounty nor joy greater at all than what I have been in’. Dawood-as said: ‘Be seated’. He sat down, and Dawood-as awaited the capture of his soul.
فَلَمَّا طَالَ قَالَ انْصَرِفْ إِلَى مَنْزِلِكَ فَكُنْ مَعَ أَهْلِكَ فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الثَّامِنِ فَوَافِنِي هَاهُنَا فَمَضَى الشَّابُّ ثُمَّ وَافَاهُ يَوْمَ الثَّامِنِ وَ جَلَسَ عِنْدَهُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ أُسْبُوعاً آخَرَ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ وَ جَلَسَ
When it was prolonged, he-as said: ‘Leave to go to your house and be with your wife, and when it would be the eight day, then meet me-as over here’. The youth went, then met him-as on the eight day and sat in his-as presence. Then, another week went by, then came to him and sat.
فَجَاءَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ أَ لَسْتَ حَدَّثْتَنِي بِأَنَّكَ أُمِرْتَ بِقَبْضِ رُوحِ هَذَا الشَّابِّ إِلَى سَبْعَةِ أَيَّامٍ قَالَ بَلَى فَقَالَ فَقَدْ مَضَتْ ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَ ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَ ثَمَانِيَةٌ قَالَ يَا دَاوُدُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى رَحِمَهُ بِرَحْمَتِكَ لَهُ فَأَخَّرَ فِي أَجَلِهِ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً
The Angel of death came to Dawood-as, so Dawood-as said: ‘Didn’t you narrate to me-as that you are commanded with capturing the soul of this youth in seven days?’ He said, ‘Yes’. He-as said: ‘There have passed by eight, and eight, and eight’. He-as said: ‘O Dawood-as! Allah-azwj the Exalted had Mercy on him due to your-as mercy for him and Delayed in his term by thirty years’’.[53]
18- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع أَنَّ خَلَادَةَ بِنْتَ أَوْسٍ بَشِّرْهَا بِالْجَنَّةِ وَ أَعْلِمْهَا أَنَّهَا قَرِينَتُكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Aban Bin Usman, from Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to Dawood-as: “Khaladah daughter of Ows, give her glad tidings of Paradise and let her know that she will be your-as pair in Paradise!”
فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَيْهَا فَقَرَعَ الْبَابَ عَلَيْهَا فَخَرَجَتْ وَ قَالَتْ هَلْ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَتْ وَ مَا هُوَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ وَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّكِ قَرِينَتِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ أَنْ أُبَشِّرَكِ بِالْجَنَّةِ
He-as went to her and knocked the door to her. She came out and said, ‘Has anything been Revealed regarding me?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’. She said, ‘And what is it?’ He-as said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to me-as and Informed me-as and you will be paired with me-as in Paradise and that I-as should give you the glad tidings of Paradise’.
قَالَتْ أَ وَ يَكُونُ اسْمٌ وَافَقَ اسْمِي قَالَ إِنَّكِ لَأَنْتِ هِيَ قَالَتْ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ مَا أُكَذِّبُكَ وَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَعْرِفُ مِنْ نَفْسِي مَا وَصَفْتَنِي بِهِ قَالَ دَاوُدُ ع أَخْبِرِينِي عَنْ ضَمِيرِكِ وَ سَرِيرَتِكِ مَا هُوَ
She said, ‘Or a name compatible with my name?’ He-as said: ‘You, you are she’. She said, ‘O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj, I do not belie you, nor by Allah-azwj do I recognise from myself what you-as are describing me with’. Dawood-as said: ‘Inform me-as about your conscience and your (inner) secret, what is it?’
قَالَتْ أَمَّا هَذَا فَسَأُخْبِرُكَ بِهِ أُخْبِرُكَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُصِبْنِي وَجَعٌ قَطُّ نَزَلَ بِي كَائِناً مَا كَانَ وَ مَا نَزَلَ ضُرٌّ بِي حَاجَةٌ وَ جُوعٌ كَائِناً مَا كَانَ إِلَّا صَبَرْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَمْ أَسْأَلِ اللَّهَ كَشْفَهُ عَنِّي حَتَّى يُحَوِّلَهُ اللَّهُ عَنِّي إِلَى الْعَافِيَةِ وَ السَّعَةِ وَ لَمْ أَطْلُبْ بِهَا بَدَلًا وَ شَكَرْتُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْهَا وَ حَمِدْتُهُ فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ ع فَبِهَذَا بَلَغْتِ مَا بَلَغْتِ
She said, ‘As for this, I shall inform you with it. I inform you-as that there has not hit me any pain at all having descended with me, whatever it was, and there did not descend any harm with me, need and hunger, whatever it was, except I was patient upon it and did not ask Allah-azwj to Remove it from me until Allah-azwj Transformed it from me to the well-being and the affluence, and I did not see any replacement with it, and I thanked Allah-azwj over it and praised Him-azwj’. Dawood-as said: ‘Due to this it reached what reached’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ هَذَا دِينُ اللَّهِ الَّذِي ارْتَضَاهُ لِلصَّالِحِينَ
Then Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And this is the Religion of Allah-azwj Which He-azwj is Pleased with for the righteous ones’’.[54]
19- ختص، الإختصاص قَالَ اللَّهُ لِدَاوُدَ يَا دَاوُدُ احْذَرِ الْقُلُوبَ الْمُعَلَّقَةَ بِشَهَوَاتِ الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّ عُقُولَهَا مَحْجُوبَةٌ عَنِّي
‘Al Ikhtisas’ – ‘Allah-azwj Said to Dawood-as: “O Dawood-as! Be cautios of the hearts attached with lustful desires of the world, for their intellects are veiled from Me-as![55]
20- كا، الكافي أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: فِي حِكْمَةِ آلِ دَاوُدَ ع عَلَى الْعَاقِلِ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَارِفاً بِزَمَانِهِ مُقْبِلًا عَلَى شَأْنِهِ حَافِظاً لِلِسَانِهِ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Usman Bin Isa, from Saeed Bin Yasar, from Mansour Bin Yunus,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Among wisdom of the family of Dawood-as: ‘It is upon the intellectual that he happens to be a recogniser of his era, facing to his occupation, preserving of his tongue’’.[56]
21- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: فِيمَا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع يَا دَاوُدُ كَمَا أَنَّ أَقْرَبَ النَّاسِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْمُتَوَاضِعُونَ كَذَلِكَ أَبْعَدُ النَّاسِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْمُتَكَبِّرُونَ
‘Al-Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim, from Amro Bin Abu Al Mqadam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Among what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Dawood-as: “O Dawood-as! Just as the nearest of the people from Allah-azwj are the humble, like that the remotest of the people from Allah-azwj are the arrogant’.[57]
22- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِدَاوُدَ ع يَا دَاوُدُ بَشِّرِ الْمُذْنِبِينَ وَ أَنْذِرِ الصِّدِّيقِينَ قَالَ كَيْفَ أُبَشِّرُ الْمُذْنِبِينَ وَ أُنْذِرُ الصِّدِّيقِينَ قَالَ يَا دَاوُدُ بَشِّرِ الْمُذْنِبِينَ أَنِّي أَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ وَ أَعْفُو عَنِ الذَّنْبِ وَ أَنْذِرِ الصِّدِّيقِينَ أَنْ لَا يُعْجَبُوا بِأَعْمَالِهِمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَبْدٌ أَنْصِبُهُ لِلْحِسَابِ إِلَّا هَلَكَ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from one of his companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to Dawood-as: “O Dawood-as! Give glad tidings to the sinner, and warn the truthful ones!” He-as said: ‘And how do I-as give glad tidings to the sinners and warn the truthful ones?’ He-azwj said: “O Dawood-as! Give glad tidings to the sinners that I-azwj Accept the repentance and Forgive the sins, and warn the truthful ones that they should not be self-conceited with their deeds for there isn’t any servant I-azwj shall Set-up for the Reckoning except he will be destroyed![58]
23 إِرْشَادُ الْقُلُوبِ، رُوِيَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع مَنْ أَحَبَّ حَبِيباً صَدَّقَ قَوْلَهُ وَ مَنْ آنَسَ بِحَبِيبٍ قَبِلَ قَوْلَهُ وَ رَضِيَ فِعْلَهُ وَ مَنْ وَثِقَ بِحَبِيبٍ اعْتَمَدَ عَلَيْهِ وَ مَنِ اشْتَاقَ إِلَى حَبِيبٍ جَدَّ فِي السَّيْرِ إِلَيْهِ
‘Irshad Al-Quloub’ – It is reported that Allah-azwj Revealed to Dawood-as: ‘One who loves a beloved would ratify his word, and one who is comforted with a beloved would accept his words and be pleased with his actions, and one who trusts a beloved will rely upon him, and one who yearns for a beloved would make efforts in travelling to him!
يَا دَاوُدُ ذِكْرِي لِلذَّاكِرِينَ وَ جَنَّتِي لِلْمُطِيعِينَ وَ زِيَارَتِي لِلْمُشْتَاقِينَ وَ أَنَا خَاصَّةً لِلْمُطِيعِينَ
O Dawood-as! My Zirk is for the ones doing Zikr, and My-azwj Paradise is for the obedient ones, and My-azwj visitation is for the yearning ones, and I-azwj am a Special One for the obedient ones![59]
24 وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ قُلْ لِفُلَانٍ الْجَبَّارِ إِنِّي لَمْ أَبْعَثْكَ لِتَجْمَعَ الدُّنْيَا عَلَى الدُّنْيَا وَ لَكِنْ لِتَرُدَّ عَنِّي دَعْوَةَ الْمَظْلُومِ وَ تَنْصُرَهُ فَإِنِّي آلَيْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي أَنْ أَنْصُرَهُ وَ أَنْتَصِرَ لَهُ مِمَّنْ ظُلِمَ بِحَضْرَتِهِ وَ لَمْ يَنْصُرْهُ
‘And Allah-azwj Revealed to Dawood-as: “Tell so and so tyrant that I-azwj did not Send you-as to amass the world upon the world, but for you-as to ward off from Me-azwj the supplication of the oppressed and help him, for I-azwj have Sworn upon Myself-azwj that I-azwj shall Help him and Grant victory to him from the one he is oppressed in his presence and did not help him![60]
25 وَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع اشْكُرْنِي حَقَّ شُكْرِي
And Allah-azwj Revealed to Dawood-as: “Thank Me-azwj as is the right of thanking Me-azwj!”
قَالَ إِلَهِي أَشْكُرُكَ حَقَّ شُكْرِكَ وَ شُكْرِي إِيَّاكَ نِعْمَةٌ مِنْكَ
Dawood-as said: ‘My-as God-azwj! I-as thank You as is the right of thanking You, and my thanking You is a bounty from You!’
فَقَالَ الْآنَ شَكَرْتَنِي
He Said: “Now you have thanked Me-azwj (as is the right of thanking Me-azwj)!”
وَ قَالَ دَاوُدُ ع يَا رَبِّ وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ آدَمُ يَشْكُرُكَ حَقَّ شُكْرِكَ وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتَهُ أَبَ أَنْبِيَائِكَ وَ صَفْوَتَكَ وَ أَسْجَدْتَ لَهُ مَلَائِكَتَكَ
And Dawood-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! And how did Adam-as thank You-azwj as is the right of thanking You-azwj, and You-azwj had Made him-as father of Your-azwj Prophets-as and Your-azwj Elites, and You-azwj Told Your-azwj Angels to prostrate to him-as?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ عَرَفَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ عِنْدِي فَكَانَ اعْتِرَافُهُ بِذَلِكَ حَقَّ شُكْرِي
He-as Said: “He-as recognised that it was from Me-azwj, so his-as acknowledgement of that is the right of thanking Me-azwj![61]
26 وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ دَاوُدَ ع خَرَجَ مُصْحِراً مُنْفَرِداً فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ يَا دَاوُدُ مَا لِي أَرَاكَ وَحْدَانِيّاً
‘And it is reported that Dawood-as went out in a desert alone. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “O Dawood-as! What is the matter I-azwj See you-as being alone?”
فَقَالَ إِلَهِي اشْتَدَّ الشَّوْقُ مِنِّي إِلَى لِقَائِكَ وَ حَالَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ خَلْقُكَ
He-as said: ‘My-as God-azwj! The intensity of yearning from me-as to meet You-azwj, and Your-azwj creatures are a barrier between me-as and You! -azwj’
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ ارْجِعْ إِلَيْهِمْ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ تَأْتِنِي بِعَبْدٍ آبِقٍ أُثْبِتْكَ فِي اللَّوْحِ حَمِيداً
Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “Return to them, for if you-as were to come to Me-azwj with an absconding slave (strayed person) I-azwj would Affirm you-as in the Tablet as praise-worthy![62]
27- نبه، تنبيه الخاطر رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ مَكْتُوبٌ فِي حِكْمَةِ آلِ دَاوُدَ حَقٌّ عَلَى الْعَاقِلِ أَنْ لَا يَغْفُلَ عَنْ أَرْبَعِ سَاعَاتٍ فَسَاعَةٌ فِيهَا يُنَاجِي رَبَّهُ وَ سَاعَةٌ فِيهَا يُحَاسِبُ نَفْسَهُ وَ سَاعَةٌ يُفْضِي إِلَى إِخْوَانِهِ الَّذِينَ يَصْدُقُونَهُ عَنْ عُيُوبِ نَفْسِهِ وَ سَاعَةٌ يُخَلِّي بَيْنَ نَفْسِهِ وَ لَذَّتِهَا فِيمَا يَحِلُّ وَ يُحْمَدُ فَإِنَّ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ عَوْنٌ لِتِلْكَ السَّاعَاتِ
‘Tanbeeh Al-Khatir’ – It is reported that it is writtedin the wisdom of the family of Dawood-as: ‘It is a right upon the intellectual that he should not be heedless from fourt timings – a timing in which he whispers to his Lord-azwj, and a timing in which he reckons his own self, and a timing he connects with his brothers, those who are ratifying him upon his owns faults, and a timing he is alone between himself and his pleasure in what is Permissible and he praises. This timing is a support for those (other) timings’.[63]
28- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ قَالَ: كَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ دَاوُدَ ع يَأْتِيهَا رَجُلٌ يَسْتَكْرِهُهَا عَلَى نَفْسِهَا فَأَلْقَى اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي نَفْسِهَا فَقَالَتْ لَهُ إِنَّكَ لَا تَأْتِينِي مَرَّةً إِلَّا وَ عِنْدَ أَهْلِكَ مَنْ يَأْتِيهِمْ
‘Man La Yazhar Al Faqeeh’ – In the correct (Hadeeth) froom Ibrahim Bin Abu Al Bilad who said,
‘There was a woman in the era of Dawood-as. A man used to come to her forcing himself upon her. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Cast (an idea) in her soul. She said to him, ‘You have not come to me any time except and with your family is somone who comes to them!’
قَالَ فَذَهَبَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ فَوَجَدَ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ رَجُلًا فَأَتَى بِهِ دَاوُدَ ع فَقَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ أَتَى إِلَيَّ مَا لَمْ يُؤْتَ إِلَى أَحَدٍ
He (the narrator) said, so he went to his family and found a man there. He came with him to Dawood-as. He said, ‘O Prophet-ass of Allah-azwj! There has come to me what has not come to anyone!
قَالَ وَ مَا ذَاكَ
He-as said: ‘And what is that?’
قَالَ وَجَدْتُ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ عِنْدَ أَهْلِي
He said, ‘I found this man with my family!’
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ قُلْ لَهُ كَمَا تَدِينُ تُدَانُ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Dawood-as: “Tell him: ‘Like what you deal, you will be dealt with!’’[64]
29- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُفَضَّلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع مَا اعْتَصَمَ بِي عَبْدٌ مِنْ عِبَادِي دُونَ أَحَدٍ مِنْ خَلْقِي عَرَفْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ ثُمَّ تَكِيدُهُ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ وَ مَنْ فِيهِنَّ إِلَّا جَعَلْتُ لَهُ الْمَخْرَجَ مِنْ بَيْنِهِنَّ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Mufazzal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Dawood-as: “No servant from My-azwj servants would hold on with Me-azwj from besides anyone from My-azwj creatures, that being known from his intention, then the skies and the earth and the ones in these plot (against) him, except I-azwj shall Make the exit for him from between them.
وَ مَا اعْتَصَمَ عَبْدٌ مِنْ عِبَادِي بِأَحَدٍ مِنْ خَلْقِي عَرَفْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ إِلَّا قَطَعْتُ أَسْبَابَ السَّمَاوَاتِ مِنْ يَدَيْهِ وَ أَسَخْتُ الْأَرْضَ مِنْ تَحْتِهِ وَ لَمْ أُبَالِ بِأَيِّ وَادٍ تَهَالَكَ
And no servant from My-azwj servant would hold with anyone from My-azwj creatures, that being known from his intention, except I-azwj shall Cut-off the means of the skies from his hands, and Anger the ground from beneath him (be barren), and I-azwj don’t Mind in which valley he is destroyed![65]
30- تم، فلاح السائل مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ الرَّقِّيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع قُلْ لِلْجَبَّارِينَ لَا يَذْكُرُونِي فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَذْكُرُنِي عَبْدٌ إِلَّا ذَكَرْتُهُ وَ إِنْ ذَكَرُونِي ذَكَرْتُهُمْ فَلَعَنْتُهُمْ
‘Falah Al Saail’ – Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Salma Bin Al Khatab, from Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from his grandfather Al Hassan, from Dawood Al Raqy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to Dawood-as: “Tell the tyrants: ‘Don’t remember Me-azwj, for no servant remembers Me-azwj except I-azwj Remember him, and if they (tyrants) remember Me-azwj, I-azwj shall Remember them and Curse them!”[66]
31- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر ابْنُ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ الْإِسْكَافِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَابِدٌ فَأُعْجِبَ بِهِ دَاوُدُ ع فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ لَا يُعْجِبْكَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ فَإِنَّهُ مُرَاءٍ
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed and ‘Al Nawadir’ – Ibn Abu Al Balad, from Sa’ad Al Askaf,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘There was a worshipper among the Children of Israel Dawood-as was fascinated by him, so Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to him: “Do not marvel at anything from his affairs for he is a show-off!”
قَالَ فَمَاتَ الرَّجُلُ فَأُتِيَ دَاوُدُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ ادْفِنُوا صَاحِبَكُمْ قَالَ فَأَنْكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ قَالُوا كَيْفَ لَمْ يَحْضُرْهُ
He-asws said: ‘The man died, and they came to Dawood-as and said to him-as, ‘The man died’. He-as said: ‘Bury your companion’. The Children of Israel disliked that and they said, ‘How come he-as does not attend him?’
قَالَ فَلَمَّا غُسِّلَ قَامَ خَمْسُونَ رَجُلًا فَشَهِدُوا بِاللَّهِ مَا يَعْلَمُونَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً فَلَمَّا صَلَّوْا عَلَيْهِ قَامَ خَمْسُونَ رَجُلًا فَشَهِدُوا بِاللَّهِ مَا يَعْلَمُونَ إِلَّا خَيْراً
He-asws said: ‘When he had been washed, fifty men stood and testified with Allah-azwj that they do not know from him except goodness. When they prayed over him, fifty men stood and testified with Allah-azwj they did not know except goodness.
فَلَمَّا دَفَنُوهُ قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ فُلَاناً قَالَ الَّذِي أَطْلَعْتَنِي عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَكَذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنْ شَهِدَهُ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْأَحْبَارِ وَ الرُّهْبَانِ فَشَهِدُوا لِي مَا يَعْلَمُونَ إِلَّا خَيْراً فَأَجَزْتُ شَهَادَتَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ عِلْمِي فِيهِ
When they buried him, Allah-azwj Revealed to Dawood-as: “What prevented you-as from attending so and so?” He-as said: ‘That which You-azwj Notified me-as upon, from his affairs’. He-azwj Said: “Even though it was like that, but a group from the rabbis and monks attended to him, and they testified to Me-azwj they did not know except goodness, so I-azwj Allowed their testimonies upon him (to stand), and Forgave him, My-azwj Knowledge regarding him![67]
32- ج، الإحتجاج يد، التوحيد ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع فِيمَا احْتَجَّ بِهِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمِلَلِ قَالَ لِرَأْسِ الْجَالُوتِ قَالَ دَاوُدُ ع فِي زَبُورِهِ اللَّهُمَّ ابْعَثْ مُقِيمَ السُّنَّةِ بَعْدَ الْفَتْرَةِ فَهَلْ تَعْرِفُ نَبِيّاً أَقَامَ السُّنَّةَ بَعْدَ الْفَتْرَةِ غَيْرَ مُحَمَّدٍ
‘Al-Ihtijaj’, ‘Al Tawheed’, ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Nowfali,
‘From Al-Reza-asws among what he argued with against people of the religious doctrines, he-asws said to Ras Al Jalout (Exilarch, Jewish Rabbi): ‘Dawood-as said in his-as Psalms: ‘O Allah-azwj! Send the established of the Sunnah after the gap period!’ Do you know of any Prophet-as who established the Sunnah after the gap period, other than Muhammad-saww?’’[68]
باب 4 قصة أصحاب السبت
CHAPTER 4 – STORY OF THE COMPANIONS OF THE SATURDAY (SABBATH)
الآيات البقرة قال الله تعالى وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمُ الَّذِينَ اعْتَدَوْا مِنْكُمْ فِي السَّبْتِ فَقُلْنا لَهُمْ كُونُوا قِرَدَةً خاسِئِينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Baqarah: And you have known those among you who transgressed during the Saturday, so We Said to them: “Become apes, despised!” [2:65].
فَجَعَلْناها نَكالًا لِما بَيْنَ يَدَيْها وَ ما خَلْفَها وَ مَوْعِظَةً لِلْمُتَّقِينَ
Thus We Made it to be an example for those who were in front of them and those who followed them in posterity, and as an Advice for the fearful [2:66]
النساء أَوْ نَلْعَنَهُمْ كَما لَعَنَّا أَصْحابَ السَّبْتِ
(Surah) Al Nisaa: or We Curse them as We Cursed the violators of the Sabbath, [4:47]
و قال تعالى قُلْنا لَهُمْ لا تَعْدُوا فِي السَّبْتِ وَ أَخَذْنا مِنْهُمْ مِيثاقاً غَلِيظاً
And the Exalted Said: and We said to them: “Do not exceed the limits during the Sabbath!” And We Took a firm Covenant from them [4:154]
أعراف وَ سْئَلْهُمْ عَنِ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي كانَتْ حاضِرَةَ الْبَحْرِ إِذْ يَعْدُونَ فِي السَّبْتِ إِذْ تَأْتِيهِمْ حِيتانُهُمْ يَوْمَ سَبْتِهِمْ شُرَّعاً وَ يَوْمَ لا يَسْبِتُونَ لا تَأْتِيهِمْ كَذلِكَ نَبْلُوهُمْ بِما كانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ
(Surah) Al A’raaf: And ask them about the town which was by the sea. When they exceeded during the Sabbath when their fish came to them on the day of their Sabbath on the surface (of the water), and the day they were not observing Sabbath, these did not come to them. Like that We Tried them due to what they had been corrupting [7:163]
وَ إِذْ قالَتْ أُمَّةٌ مِنْهُمْ لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْماً اللَّهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذاباً شَدِيداً قالُوا مَعْذِرَةً إِلى رَبِّكُمْ وَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ
And when a community from them said, ‘Why are you advising a people whom Allah would either be Destroying or Punishing by a severe Punishment?’ They said, ‘As an excuse to your Lord, and perhaps they would be fearing’ [7:164]
فَلَمَّا نَسُوا ما ذُكِّرُوا بِهِ أَنْجَيْنَا الَّذِينَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ السُّوءِ وَ أَخَذْنَا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا بِعَذابٍ بَئِيسٍ بِما كانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ
So when they forgot what they had been reminded with, We Rescued those who were forbidding from the evil and We Seized those who were unjust with an evil (Punishment) due to what they had been corrupting [7:165]
فَلَمَّا عَتَوْا عَنْ ما نُهُوا عَنْهُ قُلْنا لَهُمْ كُونُوا قِرَدَةً خاسِئِينَ
So when they exceeded about what We had Forbidden (them) from, We Said to them: “Become apes, despised (despicable)!” [7:166]
النحل 124 إِنَّما جُعِلَ السَّبْتُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ وَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَيَحْكُمُ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ فِيما كانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ
(Surah) Al Nahl: But rather, the Sabbath was Made to be upon those who differed about it, and surely your Lord Will Judge between them on the Day of Judgment regarding what they were differing in [16:124]
1- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الْيَهُودَ أُمِرُوا بِالْإِمْسَاكِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَتَرَكُوا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَ أَمْسَكُوا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ فَحُرِّمَ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّيْدُ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – From Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Hajal, from Ali Bin Aqaba, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Jews had been Commanded with the withholding on the Day of Friday, but they ignored the day of Friday and withheld on the day of Saturday, so the fishing was Prohibited unto them on the day of Saturday’’.[69]
2- فس، تفسير القمي إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ السَّبْتِ قَدْ كَانَ أَمْلَى اللَّهُ لَهُمْ حَتَّى أَثْرَوْا وَ قَالُوا إِنَّ السَّبْتَ لَنَا حَلَالٌ وَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ حُرِّمَ عَلَى أَوَّلِينَا وَ كَانُوا يُعَاقَبُونَ عَلَى اسْتِحْلَالِهِمُ السَّبْتَ فَأَمَّا نَحْنُ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْنَا حَرَامٌ وَ مَا زِلْنَا بِخَيْرٍ مُنْذُ اسْتَحْلَلْنَا وَ قَدْ كَثُرَتْ أَمْوَالُنَا وَ صَحَّتْ أَبْدَانُنَا
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – ‘The companions of Sabbath, Allah-azwj had Respited them until they became wealthy and said, ‘The Sabbah is Permissible for us and it used to be Prohibited unto our former ones and they had been Punished upon their legalising the Sabbath. As for us, it isn’t Prohibited unto us, and we have not ceased to be with goodness since we legalised it and our wealth has multiplied and our bodies have become healthy!’
ثُمَّ أَخَذَهُمُ اللَّهُ لَيْلًا وَ هُمْ غَافِلُونَ
Then Allah-azwj Seized them at night while they were heedless’. (This is not a Hadeeth)[70]
3- كا، الكافي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْهَمَدَانِيِّ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنِ الْكَلْبِيِّ النَّسَّابَةِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْجِرِّيِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَسَخَ طَائِفَةً مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَمَا أَخَذَ مِنْهُمْ بَحْراً فَهُوَ الْجِرِّيُّ وَ الزِّمِّيرُ وَ الْمَارْمَاهِي وَ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ وَ مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهُمْ بَرّاً فَالْقِرَدَةُ وَ الْخَنَازِيرُ وَ الْوَبَرُ وَ الْوَرَلُ وَ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ
Al-Kafi’ – Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad bin Ali Al Hamdany, from Sama’at Ibn Mihran, from Al Kalby Al Basabah who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the catfish. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Morphed a group from the Children of Israel, so whatever from them took with the sea, so it is the eels, and the catfish, and the moray and what is besides that, and whatever from them took with the land, are the monkeys, and the pigs, and the guinea pigs, and the lizards and what is besides that’’.[71]
4- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ آدَمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ قَالَ: فَلَمَّا اسْتَجَابَ لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ مَنِ اسْتَجَابَ لَهُ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ جَعَلَ لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ مِنْهُمْ شِرْعَةً وَ مِنْهَاجاً وَ الشِّرْعَةُ وَ الْمِنْهَاجُ سَبِيلٌ وَ سُنَّةٌ وَ كَانَ مِنَ السَّبِيلِ وَ السُّنَّةِ الَّتِي أَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهَا مُوسَى أَنْ جَعَلَ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّبْتَ
‘Al Kaf’’ – Ali Bin Muhammad, from one of his companions, from Adam Bin Is’haq, from Abdul Rzazq Bin Mihran, from Al-Husayn Bin Maymoun, from Muhammad Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws in a lengthy Hadeeth having said: ‘When he answered to every Prophet-as, the one from his-as people from the Momineen who answered to him-as, there was Made for each Prophet-as from them, a Law and a Manifesto, and the Law and the Manifesto are a way and a Sunnah; and from the Way and the Sunnah which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded Musa-as with was that He-azwj Made the Sabbath to be upon them.
وَ كَانَ مِنْ أَعْظَمِ السَّبْتِ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَحِلَّ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ مِنْ قَوْمِ ثَمُودَ سَبَقَتِ الْحِيتَانُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ أَدْخَلَهَا اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَ مَنِ اسْتَخَفَّ بِحَقِّهِ وَ اسْتَحَلَّ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ الَّذِي نَهَى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِيهِ أَدْخَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ النَّارَ
And it was so that the one who revered the Sabbath and did not legalise that he does that (fishing) from fear of Allah-azwj, from the people of Samood, the fish would proceed to them on the day of the Sabbath, Allah-azwj would Enter him into Paradise, and one who belittles with its right and legalises whatever Allah-azwj had Prohibited upon from the deed which Allah-azwj had Forbidden from during it, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Enter him into the Fire.
وَ ذَلِكَ حَيْثُ اسْتَحَلُّوا الْحِيتَانَ وَ احْتَبَسُوهَا وَ أَكَلُوهَا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَشْرَكُوا بِالرَّحْمَنِ وَ لَا شَكُّوا فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا جَاءَ بِهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمُ الَّذِينَ اعْتَدَوْا مِنْكُمْ فِي السَّبْتِ فَقُلْنا لَهُمْ كُونُوا قِرَدَةً خاسِئِينَ الْخَبَرَ
And that is when they legalised the fish and withheld these and ate them on the day of the Sabbath, Allah-azwj was Wrathful upon them from without them having associated with the beneficent, nor having complained regarding anything from what Musa-as had come with. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: So when they exceeded about what We had Forbidden (them) from, We Said to them: “Become apes, despised (despicable)!” [7:166]’ – the Hadeeth’.[72]
5- فس، تفسير القمي وَ سْئَلْهُمْ عَنِ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي كانَتْ حاضِرَةَ الْبَحْرِ إِذْ يَعْدُونَ فِي السَّبْتِ إِذْ تَأْتِيهِمْ حِيتانُهُمْ يَوْمَ سَبْتِهِمْ شُرَّعاً وَ يَوْمَ لا يَسْبِتُونَ لا تَأْتِيهِمْ فَإِنَّهَا قَرْيَةٌ كَانَتْ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَرِيبَةٌ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ وَ كَانَ الْمَاءُ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهَا فِي الْمَدِّ وَ الْجَزْرِ فَيَدْخُلُ أَنْهَارَهُمْ وَ زُرُوعَهُمْ وَ يَخْرُجُ السَّمَكُ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ آخِرَ زُرُوعِهِمْ وَ قَدْ كَانَ اللَّهُ حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّيْدَ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ فَكَانُوا يَضَعُونَ الشِّبَاكَ فِي الْأَنْهَارِ لَيْلَةَ الْأَحَدِ وَ يَصِيدُونَ بِهَا السَّمَكَ وَ كَانَ السَّمَكُ يَخْرُجُ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ وَ يَوْمَ الْأَحَدِ لَا يَخْرُجُ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ إِذْ تَأْتِيهِمْ حِيتانُهُمْ يَوْمَ سَبْتِهِمْ شُرَّعاً وَ يَوْمَ لا يَسْبِتُونَ لا تَأْتِيهِمْ فَنَهَاهُمْ عُلَمَاؤُهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَمْ يَنْتَهُوا فَمُسِخُوا قِرَدَةً وَ خَنَازِيرَ وَ كَانَ الْعِلَّةُ فِي تَحْرِيمِ الصَّيْدِ عَلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ أَنَّ عِيدَ جَمِيعِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ كَانَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَخَالَفَ الْيَهُودُ وَ قَالُوا عِيدُنَا السَّبْتُ فَحَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّيْدَ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ وَ مُسِخُوا قِرَدَةً وَ خَنَازِيرَ
حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ وَجَدْنَا فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ قَوْماً مِنْ أَهْلِ أُبُلَّةَ مِنْ قَوْمِ ثَمُودَ وَ أَنَّ الْحِيتَانَ كَانَتْ سَبَقَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ لِيَخْتَبِرَ اللَّهُ طَاعَتَهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ
It is narrated to me by my father, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ali Bin Riab, from Abu Ubeyday,
From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘We found in the book of Ali-asws that there was a group from the people of Eilat, from the people of Samoud, and the fish used to race to them on the day of Saturday for Allah-azwj to Test their obedience in that.
فَشَرَعَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ سَبْتِهِمْ فِي نَادِيهِمْ وَ قُدَّامَ أَبْوَابِهِمْ فِي أَنْهَارِهِمْ وَ سَوَاقِيهِمْ فَبَادَرُوا إِلَيْهَا فَأَخَذُوا يَصْطَادُونَهَا وَ لَبِثُوا فِي ذَلِكَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَا يَنْهَاهُمْ عَنْهَا الْأَحْبَارُ وَ لَا يَمْنَعُهُمُ الْعُلَمَاءُ مِنْ صَيْدِهَا
They appeared to them on the day of their Sabbath, in their gatherings, and in front of their doors in their rivers, and their markets. They rushed towards these and were seized by nets, and they remained in that for as long as Allah-azwj Desired. Neither did their Rabbis forbade them nor did their scholars prevent them from fishing.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ أَوْحَى إِلَى طَائِفَةٍ مِنْهُمْ إِنَّمَا نُهِيتُمْ عَنْ أَكْلِهَا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ وَ لَمْ تُنْهَوْا عَنْ صَيْدِهَا فَاصْطَادُوا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ وَ كُلُوهَا فِيمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْأَيَّامِ
Then the Satan-la inspired a group of them, ‘But rather you have been forbidden from eating these on the day of Sabbath and you have not been Prohibited from fishing these! Catch on the day of Sabbath and eat these during the days besides this!’
فَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمُ الْآنَ نَصْطَادُهَا فَعَتَتْ وَ انْحَازَتْ طَائِفَةٌ أُخْرَى مِنْهُمْ ذَاتَ الْيَمِينِ فَقَالُوا نَنْهَاهُمْ عَنْ عُقُوبَةِ اللَّهِ أَنْ تَتَعَرَّضُوا بِخِلَافِ أَمْرِهِ وَ اعْتَزَلَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ ذَاتَ الْيَسَارِ فَتَنَكَّبَتْ فَلَمْ تَعِظْهُمْ فَقَالَتْ لِلطَّائِفَةِ الَّتِي وَعَظَتْهُمْ لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْماً اللَّهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذاباً شَدِيداً فَقَالَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الَّتِي وَعَظَتْهُمْ مَعْذِرَةً إِلى رَبِّكُمْ وَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ
A group said, ‘Now we can catch these!’ It rebelled, and another group of their withdrew to the right and said, ‘We shall caution them from being exposed to the Punishment of Allah-azwj!’ And a group of their withdrew to the left and stayed away, so they did not preach to them. It said to the group which preached to them, ‘Why are you advising a people whom Allah would either be Destroying or Punishing by a severe Punishment?’ They – the group which had preached to them, said, ‘As an excuse to your Lord, and perhaps they would be fearing’ [7:164].
قَالَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَلَمَّا نَسُوا ما ذُكِّرُوا بِهِ يَعْنِي لَمَّا تَرَكُوا مَا وُعِظُوا بِهِ وَ مَضَوْا عَلَى الْخَطِيئَةِ فَقَالَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الَّتِي وَعَظَتْهُمْ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا نُجَامِعُكُمْ وَ لَا نُبَايِتُكُمُ اللَّيْلَةَ فِي مَدِينَتِكُمْ هَذِهِ الَّتِي عَصَيْتُمُ اللَّهَ فِيهَا مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ بِكُمُ الْبَلَاءُ فَيَعُمُّنَا مَعَكُمْ
He-asws said: ‘Allah Mighty and Majestic Said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Said: So when they forgot what they had been reminded with [7:165] – Meaning due to what they were neglecting what they had been advised with, they went upon the error, so the group which had advised them, said, ‘No, by Allahazwj! Neither will be gather with you (during the day), nor will we spend the night with you in this city of yours in which you disobeyed Allah-azwj, fearing that the Calamity might descend upon you so it would engulf us along with you’.
قَالَ فَخَرَجُوا عَنْهُمْ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يُصِيبَهُمُ الْبَلَاءُ فَنَزَلُوا قَرِيباً مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَبَاتُوا تَحْتَ السَّمَاءِ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ أَوْلِيَاءُ اللَّهِ الْمُطِيعُونَ لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ غَدَوْا لِيَنْظُرُوا مَا حَالُ أَهْلِ الْمَعْصِيَةِ فَأَتَوْا بَابَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَإِذَا هُوَ مُصْمَتٌ فَدَقُّوهُ فَلَمْ يُجَابُوا وَ لَمْ يَسْمَعُوا مِنْهَا حِسَّ أَحَدٍ
He-asws said: ‘They went out from then from the city, fearing that the calamity might strike them, and they encamped nearby from the city, and they spent the night beneath the sky. When the morning came to the friends of Allahazwj, the ones obedient to the Command of Allahazwj, they went to look at what the state of the people of disobedience. They came to the gate of the city and it was shut. They knocked it but were not answered, and they could not hear from it a sound of anyone.
فَوَضَعُوا سُلَّماً عَلَى سُورِ الْمَدِينَةِ ثُمَّ أَصْعَدُوا رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ فَأَشْرَفَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَنَظَرَ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِالْقَوْمِ قِرَدَةً يَتَعَاوَوْنَ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ لِأَصْحَابِهِ يَا قَوْمِ أَرَى وَ اللَّهِ عَجَباً قَالُوا وَ مَا تَرَى قَالَ أَرَى الْقَوْمَ قَدْ صَارُوا قِرَدَةً يَتَعَاوَوْنَ لَهَا أَذْنَابٌ
They placed a ladder upon the wall of the city, then a man from them climbed it, and he surveyed the city. He looked and, it was a group of apes howling. A man said to his companions, ‘O people! By Allah-azwj, I see a wonder!’ They said, ‘And what do you see?’ He said, ‘I see the people have become apes, howling, and having tails for them’.
فَكَسَرُوا الْبَابَ قَالَ فَعَرَفَتِ الْقِرَدَةُ أَنْسَابَهَا مِنَ الْإِنْسِ وَ لَمْ تَعْرِفِ الْإِنْسُ أَنْسَابَهَا مِنَ الْقِرَدَةِ فَقَالَ الْقَوْمُ لِلْقِرَدَةِ أَ لَمْ نَنْهَكُمْ
They broke the gate, and they recognised the group (of apes) recognised their counterparts from the human beings, and the human beings did not recognised their counterparts from the apes. The people said to the apes, ‘Did we not forbid you all?’’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ اللَّهِ الَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَ بَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ إِنِّي لَأَعْرِفُ أَنْسَابَهَا مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ لَا يُنْكِرُونَ وَ لَا يُغَيِّرُونَ بَلْ تَرَكُوا مَا أُمِرُوا بِهِ فَتَفَرَّقُوا وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَبُعْداً لِلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ أَنْجَيْنَا الَّذِينَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ السُّوءِ وَ أَخَذْنَا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا بِعَذابٍ بَئِيسٍ بِما كانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ
Ali-asws said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Split the Seed and Formed the person! I-asws (today), am recognising their lineages from this community. Neither are they denying nor are they changing, but, they are neglecting what they have been Commanded with, so they has separated (divided), and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Said: so away with the unjust people [23:41]. Thus Allahazwj Said: We Rescued those who were forbidding from the evil and We Seized those who were unjust with an evil (Punishment) due to what they had been corrupting [7:165]’’.[73]
6- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى فَلَمَّا نَسُوا ما ذُكِّرُوا بِهِ أَنْجَيْنَا الَّذِينَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ السُّوءِ فَقَالَ كَانُوا ثَلَاثَةَ أَصْنَافٍ صِنْفٌ ائْتَمَرُوا وَ أَمَرُوا فَنَجَوْا وَ صِنْفٌ ائْتَمَرُوا وَ لَمْ يَأْمُرُوا فَمُسِخُوا ذَرّاً وَ صِنْفٌ لَمْ يَأْتَمِرُوا وَ لَمْ يَأْمُرُوا فَهَلَكُوا
‘Al-Kafi’ – The number, from Sahl, from Amro Bin Usman, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Talha Ibn Zayd,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: So when they forgot what they had been reminded with, We Rescued those who were forbidding from the evil [7:165]. He-asws said: ‘There were of three types – A type who were with the Commands and they commanded others, so they were Rescued; and a type who were with the Commands but they did not order others, so they were metamorphosed as particles; and a type who were not with the Command and did not order others, so they perished’’.[74]
7- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى لُعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ عَلى لِسانِ داوُدَ وَ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ فَقَالَ الْخَنَازِيرُ عَلَى لِسَانِ دَاوُدَ ع وَ الْقِرَدَةُ عَلَى لِسَانِ عِيسَى ع
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By this chain, from Abu Ubeyda,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: (Surah) Al Maidah: Cursed were those who committed Kufr from the Children of Israel, upon the tongue of Dawood and Isa Bin Maryam. [5:78]. He-asws said: ‘(To become) the pigs, by the tongue of Dawood-as, and (to become) the monkeys, by the tongue of Isa -as’.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّ الْيَهُودَ أُمِرُوا بِالْإِمْسَاكِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَتَرَكُوا وَ أَمْسَكُوا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ فَحُرِّمَ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّيْدُ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ فَعَمَدَ رِجَالٌ مِنْ سُفَهَاءِ الْقَرْيَةِ فَأَخَذُوا مِنَ الْحِيتَانِ- لَيْلَةَ السَّبْتِ وَ بَاعُوا وَ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ بِهِمْ عُقُوبَةٌ فَاسْتَبْشَرُوا وَ فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ سِنِينَ فَوَعَظَهُمْ طَوَائِفُ فَلَمْ يَسْمَعُوا وَ قَالُوا لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْماً اللَّهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ فَأَصْبَحُوا قِرَدَةً خَاسِئِينَ
And he-asws said: ‘The Jews had been Commanded with the withholding on the day of Friday, but they ignored and withheld on the day of Saturday (Sabbath), so Allah-azwj Prohibited the fishing upon them on the day of Saturday. Then (some) men from the foolish ones of the town deliberated and seized from the fish on the night of Saturday and sold them, and no Punishment descended with them. So, they were joyful and did that for years. A group advised them, but they did not listen and they said, Why are you advising a people whom Allah would either be Destroying [7:164]. So, they became monkeys, despised’’.[75]
8- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ بَرَّارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع يَقُولُ كَانَتِ الْقِرَدَةُ هُمُ الْيَهُودُ الَّذِينَ اعْتَدَوْا فِي السَّبْتِ فَمَسَخَهُمُ اللَّهُ قُرُوداً
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Abdul Samad Bin Barar who said,
‘I head Abu Al-Hassan-asws saying: ‘The monkeys, they were the Jews, those who transgressed during the Sabbath, so Allah-azwj Morphed them as monkeys’’.[76]
9- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ فَجَعَلْناها نَكالًا لِما بَيْنَ يَدَيْها وَ ما خَلْفَها وَ مَوْعِظَةً لِلْمُتَّقِينَ قَالَ لِمَا مَعَهَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرَى وَ لِمَا خَلْفَهَا قَالَ نَحْنُ وَ لَنَا فِيهَا مَوْعِظَةٌ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: Thus We Made it to be an example for those who were in front of them and those who followed them in posterity, and as an Advice for the fearful [2:66]. He-asws said: ‘As for them, the people of the town looked at them, and as for its posterity, we, and for us there is a preaching in it’’.[77]
10- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: كَانَتْ مَدِينَةٌ حَاضِرَةَ الْبَحْرِ فَقَالُوا لِنَبِيِّهِمْ إِنْ كَانَ صَادِقاً فَلْيُحَوِّلْنَا رَبُّنَا جِرِّيثاً فَإِذَا الْمَدِينَةُ فِي وَسَطِ الْبَحْرِ قَدْ غَرِقَتْ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ وَ إِذَا كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ مُسُوخاً جِرِّيثاً يَدْخُلُ الرَّاكِبُ فِي فِيهَا
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Al Asbagh Bin Nubata,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘It was a city by the sea. They said to their Prophet-as, ‘If it was true, then let our Lord-azwj Transform us as eels’. There was the city in the middle of the sea which had been drowned in the night, and there every man from them was morphed as an eel, the rider could enter in its mouth.[78]
11- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمْ ع قَالَ: جَاءَ قَوْمٌ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِالْكُوفَةِ وَ قَالُوا لَهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْجَرَارِيَ تُبَاعُ فِي أَسْوَاقِنَا
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – Haroun Bin Abdul Aziz, raising it to,
‘One of them-asws having said: ‘A group came to Amir Al-Momineen-asws at Kufa and they said to him-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws, these eels which are being sold in our markets!’
قَالَ فَتَبَسَّمَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع ضَاحِكاً ثُمَّ قَالَ قُومُوا لِأُرِيَكُمْ عَجَباً وَ لَا تَقُولُوا فِي وَصِيِّكُمْ إِلَّا خَيْراً فَقَامُوا مَعَهُ فَأَتَوْا شَاطِئَ الْفُرَاتِ فَتَفَلَ فِيهِ تَفْلَةً وَ تَكَلَّمَ بِكَلِمَاتٍ فَإِذَا بِجِرِّيثَةٍ رَافِعَةٍ رَأْسَهَا فَاتِحَةٍ فَاهَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws smiled, chuckling, then said: ‘Arise, I-asws shall show you a wonder, and do not say in your bequests except good’. They arose and came to the banks of the Euphrates (river). He-asws spat in it a spittle and spoke with (certain) phrases, and there a catfish raised its head and opened its mouth.
فَقَالَ له [لَهَا] أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَنْ أَنْتِ الْوَيْلُ لَكِ وَ لِقَوْمِكِ فقال [فَقَالَتْ] نَحْنُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ حَاضِرَةَ الْبَحْرِ إِذْ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ إِذْ تَأْتِيهِمْ حِيتانُهُمْ يَوْمَ سَبْتِهِمْ شُرَّعاً الْآيَةَ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Who are you? The woe be to you and to your people!’ It said, ‘We were from the people of the town which was by the sea which Allah-azwj is Saying in His-azwj Book: And ask them about the town which was by the sea. When they exceeded during the Sabath when their fish came to them on the day of their Sabbath on the surface (of the water), [7:163] – the Verse.
فَعَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا وَلَايَتَكَ فَقَعَدْنَا عَنْهَا فَمَسَخَنَا اللَّهُ فَبَعْضُنَا فِي الْبَرِّ وَ بَعْضُنَا فِي الْبَحْرِ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي الْبَحْرِ فَنَحْنُ الْجَرَارِيُّ وَ أَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي الْبَرِّ فَالضَّبُّ وَ الْيَرْبُوعُ
Allah-azwj Presented your-asws Wilayah to us, but we sat back from it, so Allah-azwj Morphed us. Some of us are in the land and some of us are in the sea. As for those in the sea, it is us the catfish, and as for those on the land, are the lizards and the Jerboa’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَيْنَا فَقَالَ أَ سَمِعْتُمْ مَقَالَتَهَا قُلْنَا اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً بِالنُّبُوَّةِ لَتَحِيضُ كَمَا تَحِيضُ نِسَاؤُكُمْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then Amir Al-Momineen-asws turned towards us and he-asws said: ‘Did you hear its talk?’ We said, ‘O Allah-azwj, yes!’ He-asws said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent Muhammad-saww with the Prophet-hood, they menstruate just as your womenfolk menstruate’’.[79]
12- فس، تفسير القمي فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ إِنَّما جُعِلَ السَّبْتُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ الْآيَةَ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ مُوسَى أَمَرَ قَوْمَهُ أَنْ يَتَفَرَّغُوا لِلَّهِ فِي كُلِّ سَبْعَةِ أَيَّامٍ يَوْماً يَجْعَلُهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – In a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: But rather, the Sabbath was Made to be upon those who differed about it [16:124] – the Verse: ‘And that is because Musa-as had ordered his-as people to keep one day from every seven free for Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj had Made it to be upon them, and they are those that differed regarding it’’.[80]
13- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمُ الَّذِينَ اعْتَدَوْا مِنْكُمْ فِي السَّبْتِ لَمَّا اصْطَادُوا السَّمَكَ فِيهِ فَقُلْنا لَهُمْ كُونُوا قِرَدَةً خاسِئِينَ مُبْعَدِينَ عَنْ كُلِّ خَيْرٍ
‘Tafseer of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: And you have known those among you who transgressed during the Saturday – due to their catching fish during it, so We Said to them: “Become apes, despised!” [2:65] – remote from every goodness.
فَجَعَلْناها تِلْكَ الْمَسْخَةَ الَّتِي أَخْزَيْنَاهُمْ وَ لَعَنَّاهُمْ بِهَا نَكالًا عِقَاباً وَ رَدْعاً لِما بَيْنَ يَدَيْها بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْمَسْخَةِ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِمُ الْمُوبِقَاتِ الَّتِي اسْتَحَقُّوا بِهَا الْعُقُوبَاتِ وَ ما خَلْفَها لِلْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ شَاهَدُوهُمْ بَعْدَ مَسْخِهِمْ يَرْتَدِعُونَ عَنْ مِثْلِ أَفْعَالِهِمْ لَمَّا شَاهَدُوا مَا حَلَّ بِهِمْ مِنْ عِقَابِنَا وَ مَوْعِظَةً لِلْمُتَّقِينَ الَّذِينَ يَتَّعِظُونَ بِهَا فَيُفَارِقُونَ الْمُخْزِيَاتِ وَ يَعِظُونَ بِهَا النَّاسَ وَ يُحَذِّرُونَهُمُ الْمُرْدِيَاتِ
Thus We Made it – i.e., We-azwj Made those metamorphosed ones whom We-azwj Shamed them and Cursed them by it, to be an example – a punishment and a deterrence for those who were in front of them – in front of the metamorphosed ones, from their grave sins by which they were deserving the punishments, and those who followed them in posterity – for the people who had witnessed them after their transformation, that they would be deterred from the likes of their deeds due to what they witnessed, what would have been Released with them from Our-asws Punishments, and as an Advice for the fearful [2:66]– they would be taking a lesson by it, and they would be separating from the disgrace, advising the (other) people by it, and they would be cautioning them to refrain.
وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع كَانَ هَؤُلَاءِ قَوْماً يَسْكُنُونَ عَلَى شَاطِئِ بَحْرٍ نَهَاهُمُ اللَّهُ وَ أَنْبِيَاؤُهُ عَنِ اصْطِيَادِ السَّمَكِ فِي يَوْمِ السَّبْتِ فَتَوَسَّلُوا إِلَى حِيلَةٍ لِيُحِلُّوا بِهَا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ فَخَدُّوا أَخَادِيدَ وَ عَمِلُوا طُرُقاً تُؤَدِّي إِلَى حِيَاضٍ يَتَهَيَّأُ لِلْحِيتَانِ الدُّخُولُ فِيهَا مِنْ تِلْكَ الطُّرُقِ وَ لَا يَتَهَيَّأُ لَهَا الْخُرُوجُ إِذَا هَمَّتْ بِالرُّجُوعِ
And Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘They were a people who were settled upon the shore of a sea. Allah-azwj and His-azwj Prophets-as had forbidden them from catching the fish during the day of Saturday. They resorted to a ploy in order to permit for themselves what Allah-azwj had Prohibited. They dug up grooves and worked out a path to lead to ditches, to receive the fish to enter into these from that path, and did not prepare a way-out for these, when they thought of getting out from it to the deep waters.
فَجَاءَتِ الْحِيتَانُ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ جَارِيَةً عَلَى أَمَانِ اللَّهِ لَهَا فَدَخَلَتْ فِي الْأَخَادِيدِ وَ حَصَلَتْ فِي الْحِيَاضِ وَ الْغُدْرَانِ فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ عَشِيَّةُ الْيَوْمِ هَمَّتْ بِالرُّجُوعِ مِنْهَا إِلَى اللُّجَجِ لِتَأْمَنَ صَائِدَهَا فَرَامَتِ الرُّجُوعَ فَلَمْ تقدروا [تَقْدِرْ] فَبَقِيَتْ لَيْلَتَهَا فِي مَكَانٍ يَتَهَيَّأُ أَخْذُهَا بِلَا اصْطِيَادٍ لِاسْتِرْسَالِهَا فِيهِ وَ عَجْزِهَا عَنِ الِامْتِنَاعِ لِمَنْعِ الْمَكَانِ لَهَا
The fish came on the day of Saturday, swimming upon the security of Allah-azwj for it (Prohibition Order of fishing), and entered the grooves and the ditches. When it was evening of the day (of Saturday), they thought of returning from it to the deep waters in order to be safe from being hunted. They desired to return, but were not able, and remained there during the night in a place prepared for their seizure – on the day of Sunday – without the fishing, due to their being lured into it, and their (fishermen’s) frustration from the prohibition preventing the placing of these.
فَكَانُوا يَأْخُذُونَهَا يَوْمَ الْأَحَدِ وَ يَقُولُونَ مَا اصْطَدْنَا فِي السَّبْتِ وَ إِنَّمَا اصْطَدْنَا فِي الْأَحَدِ وَ كَذَبَ أَعْدَاءُ اللَّهِ بَلْ كَانُوا آخِذِينَ لَهَا بِأَخَادِيدِهِمُ الَّتِي عَمِلُوهَا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ حَتَّى كَثُرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَالُهُمْ وَ ثَرَاؤُهُمْ وَ تَنَعَّمُوا بِالنِّسَاءِ وَ غَيْرِهِنَّ لِاتِّسَاعِ أَيْدِيهِمْ بِهِ
They used to seize them on the day of Sunday, and they were saying, ‘We did not hunt on the day of Saturday, but rather, we hunted on Sunday’, and they lied, enemies of Allah-azwj. But they were seizers of these (fish) by their grooves which they had dug out on the day of Saturday, to the extent that there was an abundance in their wealth and their prosperities, and they enjoyed with the women and others things due to the capacity of their hands with it.
فَكَانُوا فِي الْمَدِينَةِ نَيِّفاً وَ ثَمَانِينَ أَلْفاً فَعَلَ هَذَا مِنْهُمْ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفاً وَ أَنْكَرَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَاقُونَ كَمَا نَصَّ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ سْئَلْهُمْ عَنِ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي كانَتْ حاضِرَةَ الْبَحْرِ إِذْ يَعْدُونَ فِي السَّبْتِ الْآيَةَ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ طَائِفَةً مِنْهُمْ وَعَظُوهُمْ وَ زَجَرُوهُمْ عَذَابَ اللَّهِ وَ خَوَّفُوهُمْ مِنِ انْتِقَامِهِ وَ شَدِيدِ بَأْسِهِ وَ حَذَّرُوهُمْ فَأَجَابُوهُمْ عَنْ وَعْظِهِمْ لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْماً اللَّهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ هَلَاكَ الِاصْطِلَامِ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذاباً شَدِيداً
And they were in the city of Naifa, eighty thousand. Seventy thousands of them did this deed, and the remainder denied upon them, just as Allah-azwj the Exalted has Related their story And ask them about the town which was present by the sea [7:163] – the Verse. And that is, a group of them advised them and rebuked them, and scared them from the Punishment of Allah-azwj, and from His-azwj Vengeance, and cautioned them of the intensity of its evil. But, they answered them about their advice Why are you advising a people whom Allah will be Destroying [7:164] – due to their sins, the uprooting destruction, or Punish them with a severe Punishment? [7:164]’.
فَأَجَابُوا الْقَائِلِينَ هَذَا لَهُمْ مَعْذِرَةً إِلى رَبِّكُمْ هَذَا الْقَوْلُ مِنَّا لَهُمْ مَعْذِرَةٌ إِلَى رَبِّكُمْ إِذْ كَلَّفَنَا الْأَمْرَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ النَّهْيَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ فَنَحْنُ نَنْهَى عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ لِيَعْلَمَ رَبُّنَا مُخَالَفَتَنَا لَهُمْ وَ كَرَاهَتَنَا لِفِعْلِهِمْ
Their speakers replied to them, ‘This is an excuse to your Lord [7:164] – these words from us to them are an excuse to your Lord-azwj – when we are encumbered with enjoining the good and forbidding from the evil. Thus, we are forbidden from the evil, for our Lord-azwj to Know of our opposition to them, and our abhorrence of their deeds.
قَالُوا وَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ وَ نَعِظُهُمْ أَيْضاً لَعَلَّهُمْ تَنْجَعُ فِيهِمُ الْمَوَاعِظُ فَيَتَّقُوا هَذِهِ الْمُوبِقَةَ وَ يَحْذَرُوا عُقُوبَتَهَا
They said: And perhaps they would be fearing [7:164] – And we are advising them as well, perhaps the advice would be effective among them, so they would be fearing these grave sins and be cautious of their consequential punishment.
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَلَمَّا عَتَوْا حَادُّوا وَ أَعْرَضُوا وَ تَكَبَّرُوا عَنْ قَبُولِهِمُ الزَّجْرَ عَنْ ما نُهُوا عَنْهُ قُلْنا لَهُمْ كُونُوا قِرَدَةً خاسِئِينَ مُبْعَدِينَ عَنِ الْخَيْرِ مُقْصَيْنَ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “So when they were insolent [7:166] – They deviated, and turned away, and were arrogant about their acceptance of the rebuke from what We had Forbidden from it, We Said to them: “Become apes, despised!” [7:166] – banished from the goodness, short’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ الْعَشَرَةُ آلَافٍ وَ النَّيِّفُ أَنَّ السَّبْعِينَ أَلْفاً لَا يَقْبَلُونَ مَوَاعِظَهُمْ وَ لَا يَحْفِلُونَ بِتَخْوِيفِهِمْ إِيَّاهُمْ وَ تَحْذِيرِهِمْ لَهُمْ اعْتَزَلُوهُمْ إِلَى قَرْيَةٍ أُخْرَى قَرِيبَةٍ مِنْ قَرْيَتِهِمْ وَ قَالُوا إِنَّا نَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ بِهِمْ عَذَابُ اللَّهِ وَ نَحْنُ فِي خِلَالِهِمْ
He-asws said: ‘When the ten thousand and more looked at the seventy thousand that they were neither accepting their advice, nor were they concerned of their scaring them and cautioning to them, they isolated from them to a another town nearby from their town, and they said, ‘We dislike it that a Punishment of Allah-azwj would descend with them and we would be in their midst’.
فَأَمْسَوْا لَيْلَةً فَمَسَخَهُمُ اللَّهُ كُلَّهُمْ قِرَدَةً وَ بَقِيَ بَابُ الْمَدِينَةِ مُغْلَقاً لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ وَ لَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَحَدٌ وَ تَسَامَعَ بِذَلِكَ أَهْلُ الْقُرَى فَقَصَدُوهُمْ وَ تَسَنَّمُوا حِيطَانَ الْبَلَدِ فَاطَّلَعُوا عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِذَا كُلُّهُمْ رِجَالُهُمْ وَ نِسَاؤُهُمْ قِرَدَةٌ يَمُوجُ بَعْضُهُمْ فِي بَعْضٍ يَعْرِفُ هَؤُلَاءِ النَّاظِرُونَ مَعَارِفَهُمْ وَ قَرَابَاتِهِمْ وَ خُلَطَاءَهُمْ يَقُولُ الْمُطَّلِعُ لِبَعْضِهِمْ أَنْتَ فُلَانٌ أَنْتَ فُلَانٌ فَتَدْمَعُ عَيْنُهُ وَ يُومِئُ بِرَأْسِهِ أَنْ نَعَمْ
So, they left the night before, and Allah-azwj the Exalted Transformed all of them as apes – despised – and the gate of the city remained locked, no one coming out from it nor anyone entering into it. And the people of the town came to hear about that, so they went over and climbed over the wall of the town, and noticed them, that all of them, their men and their women were apes waving to each other. These onlookers recognised their known ones, and their relatives, and those ones who used to mingle with them. The onlookers said to one of them, ‘Are you so and so? Are you so and so?’ His eyes filled up with tears, and he gestured with his head (with ‘yes’, or ‘no’).
فَمَا زَالُوا كَذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مَطَراً وَ رِيحاً فَجَرَفَتْهُمْ إِلَى الْبَحْرِ وَ مَا بَقِيَ مَسْخٌ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَ أَمَّا الَّذِينَ تَرَوْنَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْمُصَوَّرَاتِ بِصُوَرِهَا فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ أَشْبَاهُهَا لَا هِيَ بِأَعْيَانِهَا وَ لَا مِنْ نَسْلِهَا
They did not cease to be like that for three days. Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent upon them, rain and wind which swept them away into the sea, and there did not remain a transformed one after three days. And rather, those whom you are seeing from these faces with these images (of apes today), it is their resemblance. It is neither these ones exactly, nor from their lineage’’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَسَخَ هَؤُلَاءِ لِاصْطِيَادِهِمُ السَّمَكَ فَكَيْفَ تَرَى عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَ أَوْلَادَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ هَتَكَ حُرْمَتَهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَمْسَخْهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّ الْمُعَدَّ لَهُمْ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ أَضْعَافُ عَذَابِ الْمَسْخِ
The Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Transformed those fish catchers (killers), so how do you see in the Presence of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, the state of the one who killed the children of Rasool-Allah-saww and violated his-saww sanctity? Surely Allah-azwj the Exalted, if He-azwj does not Transform them in the world, so the Preparation for them from the Punishments of Allah-azwj in the Hereafter, would be a multiple of the Punishment of the transformation’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ ع أَمَا إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ اعْتَدَوْا فِي السَّبْتِ لَوْ كَانُوا حِينَ هَمُّوا بِقَبِيحِ فِعَالِهِمْ سَأَلُوا رَبَّهُمْ بِجَاهِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ أَنْ يَعْصِمَهُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ لَعَصَمَهُمْ وَ كَذَلِكَ النَّاهُونَ لَهُمْ لَوْ سَأَلُوا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَعْصِمَهُمْ بِجَاهِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ لَعَصَمَهُمْ
Then he-asws said: ‘As for those who exceeded during the Saturday, had they, when they thought of the ugliness of their deeds, asked their Lord-azwj by the virtue of Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws to Protect them from that, He-azwj would have Protected them, and Similar to that are those that forbid them. Had they (also) asked Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic that He-azwj Protects them, by the virtue of Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws, He-azwj would have Protected them.
وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمْ يُلْهِمْهُمْ ذَلِكَ وَ لَمْ يُوَفِّقْهُمْ لَهُ فَجَرَتْ مَعْلُومَاتُ اللَّهِ فِيهِمْ عَلَى مَا كَانَ سُطِرَ فِي اللَّوْحِ الْمَحْفُوظِ
But Allah-azwj the Exalted did not Inspire them for that and did not Incline them for it. Thus, flowed the information of Allah-azwj the Exalted regarding them – upon what was veiled in the Guarded Tablet’.[81]
Note –
وَ وَرَدَتِ الرِّوَايَةُ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَمْسَخْ شَيْئاً فَجَعَلَ لَهُ نَسْلًا وَ عَقِباً
And it has been referred in the report from Ibn Masoud who said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted did not Morph anything and Made offspring and posterity for it’.
14- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ الْحَذَّاءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ لُعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ عَلى لِسانِ داوُدَ وَ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ قَالَ الْخَنَازِيرُ عَلَى لِسَانِ دَاوُدَ ع وَ الْقِرَدَةُ عَلَى لِسَانِ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ع
‘Al-Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Raib, from Abu UbeydaAl Haza’a,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Cursed were those who committed Kufr from the Children of Israel, upon the tongue of Dawood and Isa Bin Maryam. [5:78]. He-asws said: ‘(To become) the pigs, by the tongue of Dawood-as, and (to become) the monkeys, by the tongue of Isa Bin Maryam-as’’.[82]
15- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي أَعْمَالِ السُّلْطَانِ وَ يَعْمَلُونَ لَهُمْ وَ يَجْبُونَ لَهُمْ وَ يُوَالُونَهُمْ قَالَ لَيْسَ هُمْ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ مِنْ أُولَئِكَ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Haroun Bin Muslim, from Mas’ada Bin Sadaqa who said,
‘I asked him-asws about the group of the Shias who are entering into the workforce of the ruling authorities, and they are working for them and answering to them and befriending them. He-asws said: ‘They aren’t from the Shias, but they are from those’.
ثُمَّ قَرَأَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ لُعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ عَلى لِسانِ داوُدَ وَ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ لكِنَّ كَثِيراً مِنْهُمْ فاسِقُونَ قَالَ الْخَنَازِيرُ عَلَى لِسَانِ دَاوُدَ وَ الْقِرَدَةُ عَلَى لِسَانِ عِيسَى
Then Abu Abdullah-asws recited this Verse: Cursed were those who committed Kufr from the Children of Israel, upon the tongue of Dawood and Isa Bin Maryam. [5:78] – up to His-azwj Words: but most of them are transgressors [5:81]. He-asws said: ‘The pigs upon the tongue of Dawood-as and the monkeys upon the tongue of Isa-as’’.[83]
وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرُ ع أَمَّا دَاوُدُ فَإِنَّهُ لَعَنَ أَهْلَ أُبُلَّةَ لَمَّا اعْتَدَوْا فِي سَبْتِهِمْ وَ كَانَ اعْتِدَاؤُهُمْ فِي زَمَانِهِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ أَلْبِسْهُمُ اللَّعْنَةَ مِثْلَ الرِّدَاءِ وَ مِثْلَ الْمِنْطَقَةِ عَلَى الْحَقْوَيْنِ فَمَسَخَهُمُ اللَّهُ قِرَدَةً
And Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘As for Dawood-as, he cursed the people of Eilat when they transgressed regarding their Sabbath, and their transgression was in his-as era. He said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Clothe them with the curse like the cloak and like the belt upon the hips. Allah-azwj Morphed them as monkeys.
وَ أَمَّا عِيسَى ع فَإِنَّهُ لَعَنَ الَّذِينَ أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَائِدَةُ ثُمَّ كَفَرُوا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ
And as for Isa-as, he cursed those upon whom the table meals had descended, then they had blasphemed after that’’.
أبواب قصص سليمان بن داود عليه السلام
CHAPTERS ON STORY OF SULEYMAN BIN DAWOOD-as
باب 5 فضله و مكارم أخلاقه و جمل أحواله
CHAPTER 5 – HIS-as MERITS AND THE NOBILITY OF HIS-as MANNERISMS AND A SUMMARY OF HIS-as SITUATIONS
الآيات النساء وَ أَوْحَيْنا إِلى إِبْراهِيمَ وَ إِسْماعِيلَ وَ إِسْحاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ وَ الْأَسْباطِ وَ عِيسى وَ أَيُّوبَ وَ يُونُسَ وَ هارُونَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Nisaa: and We had Revealed unto Ibrahim and Ismail and Is’haq and Yaqoub and the tribes, and Isa and Ayoub and Yunus and Haroun and Suleyman [4:163]
الأنعام وَ نُوحاً هَدَيْنا مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ داوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ
(Surah) Al Anaam: and Noah We had Guided from before; and from his offspring Dawood, and Suleyman, [6:84]
الأنبياء وَ لِسُلَيْمانَ الرِّيحَ عاصِفَةً تَجْرِي بِأَمْرِهِ إِلى الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي بارَكْنا فِيها وَ كُنَّا بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عالِمِينَ
(Surah) Al-Anbiyaa: And for Suleyman, the raging wind flowing by his orders to the land wherein We had Blessed, and We were the Knowers of all things [21:81]
وَ مِنَ الشَّياطِينِ مَنْ يَغُوصُونَ لَهُ وَ يَعْمَلُونَ عَمَلًا دُونَ ذلِكَ وَ كُنَّا لَهُمْ حافِظِينَ
And from the satans were ones who were diving for him and were working other work besides that, and We were Protectors of theirs [21:82]
النمل وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنا داوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ عِلْماً وَ قالا الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي فَضَّلَنا عَلى كَثِيرٍ مِنْ عِبادِهِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
(Surah) Al Naml: And We had Given knowledge to Dawood and Suleyman, and they both said: ‘The Praise is for Allah Who Preferred us over many of His Momineen servants’ [27:15]
وَ وَرِثَ سُلَيْمانُ داوُدَ وَ قالَ يا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ عُلِّمْنا مَنْطِقَ الطَّيْرِ وَ أُوتِينا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ إِنَّ هذا لَهُوَ الْفَضْلُ الْمُبِينُ
And Suleyman inherited Dawood, and he said: ‘O you people! We have been Taught the speech of the birds, and have been Given from all things. Surely, this is the clear Grace’ [27:16]
سبأ وَ لِسُلَيْمانَ الرِّيحَ غُدُوُّها شَهْرٌ وَ رَواحُها شَهْرٌ وَ أَسَلْنا لَهُ عَيْنَ الْقِطْرِ وَ مِنَ الْجِنِّ مَنْ يَعْمَلُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِ وَ مَنْ يَزِغْ مِنْهُمْ عَنْ أَمْرِنا نُذِقْهُ مِنْ عَذابِ السَّعِيرِ
(Surah) Saba: And for Suleyman was the wind. Its morning course was a month and its evening course was a month, and We Caused to flow for him a spring of molten copper. And from the Jinn were ones who worked in front of him by the Permission of his Lord. And one from them who evaded Our Command, We shall Make him taste Punishment of the Blazing Fire [34:12]
يَعْمَلُونَ لَهُ ما يَشاءُ مِنْ مَحارِيبَ وَ تَماثِيلَ وَ جِفانٍ كَالْجَوابِ وَ قُدُورٍ راسِياتٍ اعْمَلُوا آلَ داوُدَ شُكْراً وَ قَلِيلٌ مِنْ عِبادِيَ الشَّكُورُ
They were making for him whatever he so desired, from the prayer Niches, and figurines, and bowls like the watering troughs, and fixed cauldrons. Work gratefully, family of Dawood, and a few from My servants are grateful [34:13]
ص وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا سُلَيْمانَ وَ أَلْقَيْنا عَلى كُرْسِيِّهِ جَسَداً ثُمَّ أَنابَ
(Surah) Suad: And We Tested Suleyman, and We Placed a body upon his throne, then he repented [38:34]
قالَ رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَ هَبْ لِي مُلْكاً لا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْوَهَّابُ
He said: ‘Lord! Forgive me and Grant me a kingdom, not befitting for anyone from after me. Surely, You are the Bestower’ [38:35]
فَسَخَّرْنا لَهُ الرِّيحَ تَجْرِي بِأَمْرِهِ رُخاءً حَيْثُ أَصابَ
Then We Subjugated the wind for him to flow gently by his order, wherever he so directed [38:36]
وَ الشَّياطِينَ كُلَّ بَنَّاءٍ وَ غَوَّاصٍ
And (Subjugated) the Satans, being all builders and divers [38:37]
وَ آخَرِينَ مُقَرَّنِينَ فِي الْأَصْفادِ
And others fettered in the chains [38:38]
هذا عَطاؤُنا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
This is Our Gift, so either confer or withhold, without a Reckoning [38:39]
وَ إِنَّ لَهُ عِنْدَنا لَزُلْفى وَ حُسْنَ
And Surely for him (Suleyman), in Our Presence, is a Proximity and an excellent resort [38:40]
1- فس، تفسير القمي وَ لِسُلَيْمانَ الرِّيحَ عاصِفَةً قَالَ تَجْرِي مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ إِلى الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي بارَكْنا فِيها قَالَ إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ وَ الشَّامِ
(opinion)[84]
2- ك، إكمال الدين الْقَطَّانُ عَنِ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ دَاوُدَ ع أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَخْلِفَ سُلَيْمَانَ ع لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ يَأْمُرُهُ بِذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا أَخْبَرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ضَجُّوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ قَالُوا يَسْتَخْلِفُ عَلَيْنَا حَدَثاً وَ فِينَا مَنْ هُوَ أَكْبَرُ مِنْهُ
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – Al Qatan, from Al Sakry, from al Jowhary, form Ibn Amara, from his father,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Dawood-as wanted to make Suleyman-as a Caliph because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to him-as Commanding him-as with that. When the Children of Israel were informed, they raised a clamour about that, and they said, ‘He-as makes a Caliph upon us a young one while among us there is one who is older than him?’
فَدَعَا أَسْبَاطَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ قَدْ بَلَغَتْنِي مَقَالَتُكُمْ فَأَرُونِي عِصِيَّكُمْ فَأَيُّ عَصًا أَثْمَرَتْ فَصَاحِبُهَا وَلِيُّ الْأَمْرِ بَعْدِي فَقَالُوا رَضِينَا وَ قَالَ لِيَكْتُبْ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمْ اسْمَهُ عَلَى عَصَاهُ فَكَتَبُوا ثُمَّ جَاءَ سُلَيْمَانُ بِعَصَاهُ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهَا اسْمَهُ ثُمَّ أُدْخِلَتْ بَيْتاً وَ أُغْلِقَ الْبَابُ وَ حَرَسَهُ رُءُوسُ أَسْبَاطِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
your staffs, so whichever staff bears fruit, then its owner would be the master of the command after me-as’. They said, ‘We agree’. And he-as said: ‘Let each one of you his name upon his staff’. They wrote. Then Suleyman-as came with his-as staff and wrote his-as name upon it, then entered these in room and locked the door, and the chiefs of the Children of Israel guarded it.
فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ صَلَّى بِهِمُ الْغَدَاةَ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ فَفَتَحَ الْبَابَ فَأَخْرَجَ عِصِيَّهُمْ وَ قَدْ أَوْرَقَتْ عَصَا سُلَيْمَانَ وَ قَدْ أَثْمَرَتْ فَسَلَّمُوا ذَلِكَ لِدَاوُدَ فَاخْتَبَرَهُ بِحَضْرَةِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
When it was morning, he-as prayed the morning Salat with them, then went to open the door, and they brought out their staffs, and the staff of Suleyman had sprouted leaves and bore fruit. They submitted that to Dawood-as, and he-as examined it in the presence of the Children of Israel.
فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا بُنَيَّ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ أَبْرَدُ قَالَ عَفْوُ اللَّهِ عَنِ النَّاسِ وَ عَفْوُ النَّاسِ بَعْضِهِمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ فَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ أَحْلَى قَالَ الْمَحَبَّةُ وَ هِيَ رَوْحُ اللَّهِ فِي عِبَادِهِ
He-as said to him-as: ‘O my-as son-as! Which thing is most relaxing?’ He-as said: ‘Pardon of Allah-azwj of the people, and pardoning of the people of each other’. He-as said: ‘O my-as son-as! Which thing is sweetest?’ He-as said: ‘The love, and it is a Spirit of Allah-azwj among His-azwj servants.
فَافْتَرَّ دَاوُدُ ضَاحِكاً فَسَارَ بِهِ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ هَذَا خَلِيفَتِي فِيكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي ثُمَّ أَخْفَى سُلَيْمَانُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَمْرَهُ وَ تَزَوَّجَ بِامْرَأَةٍ وَ اسْتَتَرَ مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَسْتَتِرَ
Dawood-as winked laughing and went with him-as among the Children of Israel and said: ‘This is my-as Caliph among you all from after me-as’. Then Suleyman-as concealed his-as matter after that and married a woman and concealed from his-as Shias (adherent) for as long as Allah-azwj Desired him-as to conceal.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ امْرَأَتَهُ قَالَتْ لَهُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي مَا أَكْمَلَ خِصَالَكَ وَ أَطْيَبَ رِيحَكَ وَ لَا أَعْلَمُ لَكَ خَصْلَةً أَكْرَهُهَا إِلَّا أَنَّكَ فِي مَئُونَةِ أَبِي فَلَوْ دَخَلْتَ السُّوقَ فَتَعَرَّضْتَ لِرِزْقِ اللَّهِ رَجَوْتُ أَنْ لَا يُخَيِّبَكَ
Then his-as wife said to him-as one day, ‘May my father and my mother be (sacrificed) for you-as! How perfect are your-as characteristics and aromatic is your-as aroma! And I do not know any characteristic for you-as which I dislike except that you-as are refusing regarding the provisions. If only you would enter that market and expose to the sustenance of Allah-azwj I hope you will not be disappointed’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا سُلَيْمَانُ إِنِّي وَ اللَّهِ مَا عَمِلْتُ عَمَلًا قَطُّ وَ لَا أُحْسِنُهُ
Suleyman-as said to her: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-as do not do any work at all nor am I-as good at it’.
فَدَخَلَ السُّوقَ فَجَالَ يَوْمَهُ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَلَمْ يُصِبْ شَيْئاً فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا أَصَبْتُ شَيْئاً قَالَتْ لَا عَلَيْكَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنِ الْيَوْمَ كَانَ غَداً فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ خَرَجَ إِلَى السُّوقِ فَجَالَ فِيهِ فَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى شَيْءٍ وَ رَجَعَ فَأَخْبَرَهَا فَقَالَتْ يَكُونُ غَداً إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
He-as entered the market and wandered around that day of his-as, then returned, not achieving anything. He-as said to her: ‘I-as did not attain anything’. She said, ‘No, if it did not happen tomorrow, it will happen tomorrow’. When it was the next morning, he-as went out to the market and wandered around in it, but was not able upon anything and returned, and informed her. She said, ‘It will happen tomorrow, if Allah-azwj Desires’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ مَضَى حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِصَيَّادٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ أُعِينَكَ وَ تُعْطِيَنَا شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَعَانَهُ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ أَعْطَاهُ الصَّيَّادُ سَمَكَتَيْنِ فَأَخَذَهُمَا وَ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ شَقَّ بَطْنَ إِحْدَاهُمَا فَإِذَا هُوَ بِخَاتَمٍ فِي بَطْنِهَا فَأَخَذَهُ فَصَيَّرَهُ فِي ثَوْبِهِ وَ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَصْلَحَ السَّمَكَتَيْنِ وَ جَاءَ بِهِمَا إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ
When it was during the third day, he-as went until he-as ended up to a coast of the sea, and there was a fisherman. He-as said to him: ‘Is if okay for you if I-as were to assist you and you give us-as something?’ He said, ‘Yes’. So, he-as assisted him. When he-as was free, the fisherman gave him two fish. He-as took them and praised Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. Then he-as split open the belly of one of them and there it was with a ring in its belly. He-as took it and put it is his-as cloth (pocket) and praised Allah-azwj, and corrected the two fish and came with them to his-as house.
وَ فَرِحَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ بِذَلِكَ وَ قَالَتْ لَهُ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ تَدْعُوَ أَبَوَيَّ حَتَّى يَعْلَمَا أَنَّكَ قَدْ كَسَبْتَ فَدَعَاهُمَا فَأَكَلَا مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا قَالَ لَهُمْ هَلْ تَعْرِفُونِي قَالُوا لَا وَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أَنَّا لَمْ نَرَ خَيْراً مِنْكَ
And his-as wife rejoiced with that and said to him-as, ‘I want you-as to invite my parents to let them know that you-as have earned’. He-as called them and they ate with him-as. When they were free, he-as said to them: ‘Do you recognise me-as?’ They said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, except we have not seen anyone better than you-as’.
فَأَخْرَجَ خَاتَمَهُ فَلَبِسَهُ فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِ الطَّيْرُ وَ الرِّيحُ وَ غَشِيَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَ حَمَلَ الْجَارِيَةَ وَ أَبَوَيْهَا إِلَى بِلَادِ إِصْطَخْرَ وَ اجْتَمَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ الشِّيعَةُ وَ اسْتَبْشَرُوا بِهِ فَفَرَّجَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ مِمَّا كَانُوا فِيهِ مِنْ حَيْرَةِ غَيْبَتِهِ
He-as brought out his-as ring and wore it, and the birds and the breezes fell down upon it and the Angel came down and carried the girl and her parents to the city of Istakhar (Persepolis), and the Shias gathered to him-as and rejoiced with him-as. Allah-azwj Relieved from them whatever they were in from the confusion of his-as occultation.
فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ أَوْصَى إِلَى آصِفَ بْنِ بَرْخِيَا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بَيْنَهُمْ يَخْتَلِفُ إِلَيْهِ الشِّيعَةُ وَ يَأْخُذُونَ عَنْهُ مَعَالِمَ دِينِهِمْ
When the death presented, he-as bequeathed to Aasif Bin Barkhiya-as by the Permission of Allah-azwj, Exalted is His-azwj Mention. He-as did not cease to be between them, the Shias interchanging to him-as and taking the information of their Religion from him-as.
ثُمَّ غَيَّبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ آصِفَ غَيْبَةً طَالَ أَمَدُهَا ثُمَّ ظَهَرَ لَهُمْ فَبَقِيَ بَيْنَ قَوْمِهِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Caused the occultation of Aasif, an occultation of prolonged duration. Then he-as appeared to them and remained between his-as people for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired.
ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ وَدَّعَهُمْ فَقَالُوا لَهُ أَيْنَ الْمُلْتَقَى قَالَ عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ وَ غَابَ عَنْهُمْ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ وَ اشْتَدَّتِ الْبَلْوَى عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِغَيْبَتِهِ وَ تَسَلَّطَ عَلَيْهِمْ بُخْتَنَصَّرُ
Then he-as bade them farewell and they said to him-as, ‘Where will we meet?’ He-as said: ‘Upon the Bridge (in the Hereafter)’, and he-as disappeared from them for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired, and the afflictions intensified upon the Children of Israel due to his-as occultation and Bakht Nasr overcame upon them’’.[85]
3- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْقَزْوِينِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَهْبَانَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع لَمَّا سُلِبَ مُلْكَهُ خَرَجَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَضَافَ رَجُلًا عَظِيماً فَأَضَافَهُ وَ أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهِ وَ نَزَلَ سُلَيْمَانُ مِنْهُ مَنْزِلًا عَظِيماً لِمَا رَأَى مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ وَ فَضْلِهِ
‘Al-Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Al Qazwiny, form Muhammad Bin Wahab, from Ahmad Bin Ibrahim Ibn Ahmad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Zafrany, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Suleyman-as, when his-as kingdom was dispossessed, he-as went out upon his-as way, he was a guest of a great man, and he-as hosted him-as well and was good to him-as, and the status of Suleyman-as was great when he saw from his-as Salat and his-as virtues’.
قَالَ فَزَوَّجَهُ بِنْتَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ بِنْتُ الرَّجُلِ حِينَ رَأَتْ مِنْهُ مَا رَأَتْ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي مَا أَطْيَبَ رِيحَكَ وَ أَكْمَلَ خِصَالَكَ لَا أَعْلَمُ فِيكَ خَصْلَةً أَكْرَهُهَا إِلَّا أَنَّكَ فِي مَئُونَةِ أَبِي
He-as said: ‘He-as married his daughter. The daughter of the man said when she saw what she saw, ‘May my father and my mother be (sacrificed) for you-as! How good is your-as aroma and perfect are your-as characteristics! I do not know in you-as any characteristic which I dislike except that you-as are in the livelihood of my father’.
قَالَ فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى أَتَى السَّاحِلَ فَأَعَانَ صَيَّاداً عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ فَأَعْطَاهُ السَّمَكَةَ الَّتِي وَجَدَ فِي بَطْنِهَا خَاتَمَهُ
He-asws said: ‘He-as went out until he-as came to the coast and assisted a fisherman at the coast of the sea, and he gave him the fish – (and) in its belly he-as found his-as ring’’.[86]
4- ج، الإحتجاج فِي حَدِيثِ الزِّنْدِيقِ الَّذِي سَأَلَ الصَّادِقَ ع عَنْ مَسَائِلَ كَانَ فِيمَا سَأَلَهُ كَيْفَ صَعِدَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ هُمْ أَمْثَالُ النَّاسِ فِي الْخِلْقَةِ وَ الْكَثَافَةِ وَ قَدْ كَانُوا يَبْنُونَ لِسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ع مِنَ الْبِنَاءِ مَا يَعْجِزُ عَنْهُ وُلْدُ آدَمَ
‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – In a Hadeeth of the atheist who questioned Al-Sadiq-asws about (certain) issues, it was among what he asked him-asws, ‘How can the Satans-la ascend to the sky and they are similar to the people in the creation and the weight, and they had built for Suleyman Bin Dawood-as from the construction what a son of Adam-as would be frustrated from?’
قَالَ ع غَلُظُوا لِسُلَيْمَانَ كَمَا سُخِّرُوا وَ هُمْ خَلْقٌ رَقِيقٌ غِذَاؤُهُمُ التَّنَسُّمُ وَ الدَّلِيلُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ صُعُودُهُمْ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ لِاسْتِرَاقِ السَّمْعِ وَ لَا يَقْدِرُ الْجِسْمُ الْكَثِيفُ عَلَى الِارْتِقَاءِ إِلَيْهَا إِلَّا بِسُلَّمٍ أَوْ سَبَبٍ
He-asws said: ‘They were thickened for Suleyman-as just as they were made subservient, and they are (actually) delicate creatures, their food intake is the breeze, and the evidence upon that is their ascending to the sky in order to steal the hearing, and the heavy body is not able upon the rising to it, except either by a ladder of means’’.[87]
5- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ لِسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ع أَلْفُ امْرَأَةٍ فِي قَصْرٍ وَاحِدٍ ثَلَاثُ مِائَةٍ مَهِيرَةٌ وَ سَبْعُمِائَةٍ سُرِّيَّةٌ
‘Al-Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, or something else, from Sa’ad, from Al Hassan bin Al Jahm,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘For Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as, there were a thousand wives in one castle, three hundred dowered and seven hundred concubines’’.[88]
6- كا، الكافي عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنِ اتَّخَذَ السُّكَّرَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع
‘Al-Kafi’ – Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, raising it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The first one to take the sugar was Suleyman Bin Dawood-as’’.[89]
7- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: كَانَ مُلْكُ سُلَيْمَانَ مَا بَيْنَ الشَّامَاتِ إِلَى بِلَادِ إِصْطَخْرَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Madboub, from Hisham Ibn Salim, from Al Sumaly,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The kingdom of Suleyman-as was what is between Al-Shamaat to the city of Istakhar (Persepolis)’’.[90]
8 دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع يُطْعِمُ أَضْيَافَهُ اللَّحْمَ بِالْحُوَّارَى وَ عِيَالَهُ الْخُشْكَارَ وَ يَأْكُلُ هُوَ الشَّعِيرَ غَيْرَ مَنْخُولٍ
‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Suleyman-as would feed his-as guests the meat with the bread of sifted flour, and his-as dependants the coarse, and he-as would eat the un-sifted barley’’.[91]
9- نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَداً يَجِدُ إِلَى الْبَقَاءِ سُلَّماً أَوْ لِدَفْعِ الْمَوْتِ سَبِيلًا لَكَانَ ذَلِكَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ ع الَّذِي سُخِّرَ لَهُ مُلْكُ الْجِنِّ وَ الْإِنْسِ مَعَ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ عَظِيمِ الزُّلْفَةِ فَلَمَّا اسْتَوْفَى طُعْمَتَهُ وَ اسْتَكْمَلَ مُدَّتَهُ رَمَتْهُ قِسِيُّ الْفَنَاءِ بِنِبَالِ الْمَوْتِ وَ أَصْبَحَتِ الدِّيَارُ مِنْهُ خَالِيَةً وَ الْمَسَاكِنُ مُعَطَّلَةً وَرِثَهَا قَوْمٌ آخَرُونَ
‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘And if anyone could have found a ladder the remaining (everlasting life) or (a way) a way to repel death, that would have been Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as, the one for whom Allah-azwj Subdued the kingdoms of the Jinn and the human, along with (having) the Prophet-hood, and magnificent rank. But, when his food (intake) had expired, and his term was complete, the bow of termination shot at him-as with the arrow of death, and the houses became vacant from him-as, and the dwellings suspended, and other people inherited these’’.[92]
10- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى اعْمَلُوا آلَ داوُدَ شُكْراً قَالَ كَانُوا ثَمَانِينَ رَجُلًا وَ سَبْعِينَ امْرَأَةً مَا أَغَبَّ الْمِحْرَابَ رَجُلٌ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ وَ كَانُوا آلَ دَاوُدَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, by his chain to Zayd Al Shaham,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: Work gratefully, family of Dawood, [34:13]. He-asws said: ‘They were eighty men and seventy women. No man from them would come up suddenly to the prayer niche he-as was praying Salat in it (but, ask permission), and they were the family of Dawood-as.
فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ دَاوُدُ ع وَلِيَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع قَالَ يا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ عُلِّمْنا مَنْطِقَ الطَّيْرِ سَخَّرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ الْجِنَّ وَ الْإِنْسَ وَ كَانَ لَا يَسْمَعُ بِمَلِكٍ فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا أَتَاهُ حَتَّى يُذِلَّهُ وَ يُدْخِلَهُ فِي دِينِهِ
When Dawood-as passed away, Suleyman-as ruled. He-as said: ‘O you people! We-as know the talk of the birds!’ Allah-azwj Made subservient to him-as the Jinn and the humans, and he-as did not hear of any kingdom in an area of the earth except he-as came to it until he-as entered it and entered it into his-as Religion.
وَ سَخَّرَ الرِّيحَ لَهُ فَكَانَ إِذَا خَرَجَ إِلَى مَجْلِسِهِ عَكَفَ عَلَيْهِ الطَّيْرُ وَ قَامَ الْجِنُّ وَ الْإِنْسُ وَ كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَغْزُوَ أَمَرَ بِمُعَسْكَرِهِ فَضَرَبَ لَهُ بِسَاطاً مِنَ الْخَشَبِ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ عَلَيْهِ النَّاسَ وَ الدَّوَابَّ وَ آلَةَ الْحَرْبِ كُلَّهَا حَتَّى إِذَا حَمَلَ مَعَهُ مَا يُرِيدُ أَمَرَ الْعَاصِفَ مِنَ الرِّيحِ فَدَخَلَتْ تَحْتَ الْخَشَبِ فَحَمَلَهُ حَتَّى يَنْتَهِيَ بِهِ إِلَى حَيْثُ يُرِيدُ وَ كَانَ غُدُوُّهَا شَهْراً وَ رَوَاحُهَا شَهْراً
And the wind was Made subservient to him-as. It was so that whenever he-as went out to his-as gathering, the birds would dedicate themselves upon him-as and the Jinn and the humans would stand up; and it was so that whenever he-as wanted to battle, he-as would order with his-as military camp (to be set up), and a wooden platform would be set out for him-as, then the people, and the animals and the instruments of the war would be made to be upon it, all of it, until when he-as had carried with him-as what he-as wanted, he-as would order the violent wind, so it would enter under the wooden platform and carry it until it would end up with him-as to wherever he-as wanted, and its advent would be a month and its return a month’’.[93]
11- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ الْأَصْبَغِ قَالَ: خَرَجَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ مَعَ ثَلَاثِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ كُرْسِيٍّ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ عَلَيْهَا الْإِنْسُ وَ ثَلَاثِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ كُرْسِيٍّ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ عَلَيْهَا الْجِنُّ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, by his chain from Abu Hamza, from Al Asbagh who said,
‘Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as went out from Bayt Al Maqdis with three hundred thousand chairs on his-as right upon which were the human beings, and three hundred thousand chairs on his-as left upon which were the Jinn.
وَ أَمَرَ الطَّيْرَ فَأَظَلَّتْهُمْ وَ أَمَرَ الرِّيحَ فَحَمَلَتْهُمْ حَتَّى وَرَدَتْ بِهِمُ الْمَدَائِنَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ وَ بَاتَ فِي إِصْطَخْرَ ثُمَّ غَدَا فَانْتَهَى إِلَى جَزِيرَةِ بَرْكَاوَانَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ الرِّيحَ فَخَفَضَتْهُمْ حَتَّى كَادَتْ أَقْدَامُهُمْ يُصِيبُهَا الْمَاءُ
And he-as ordered the birds, so they shaded them, and he-as ordered the wind so it carried them until it passed by the cities with them. Then he-as returned and spent the night in Persepolis. Then in the morning he-as ended to the island of Barkawan. Then he-as ordered the wind, so it lowered them until their feet almost touched the water.
فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ هَلْ رَأَيْتُمْ مُلْكاً أَعْظَمَ مِنْ هَذَا فَنَادَى مَلَكٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ لَثَوَابُ تَسْبِيحَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ أَعْظَمُ مِمَّا رَأَيْتُمْ
They said to each other, ‘Have you every seen any kingdom mightier than this?’ An Angel called out from the sky: ‘The Reward of one glorification is mightier than what you have seen!’’[94]
12- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: كَانَ لِسُلَيْمَانَ ع حِصْنٌ بَنَاهُ الشَّيَاطِينُ لَهُ فِيهِ أَلْفُ بَيْتٍ فِي كُلِّ بَيْتٍ طَرُوقَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ سَبْعُمِائَةِ أَمَةٍ قِبْطِيَّةٍ وَ ثَلَاثُمِائَةِ حُرَّةٍ مَهِيرَةٍ فَأَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى قُوَّةَ أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلًا فِي مُبَاضَعَةِ النِّسَاءِ وَ كَانَ يَطُوفُ بِهِنَّ جَمِيعاً وَ يُسْعِفُهُنَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Walad, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘For Suleyman-as, the Satans-la fortified his-as buildings wherein were a thousand rooms, in every room there was a female – from these were seven hundred Coptic maids and three hundred free dowered ones. Allah-azwj the Exalted Gave him-as strength of forty men during copulating with the money, and he-as was circling with them all and fulfilling them’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع يَأْمُرُ الشَّيَاطِينَ فَتَحْمِلُ لَهُ الْحِجَارَةَ مِنْ مَوْضِعٍ إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِبْلِيسُ كَيْفَ أَنْتُمْ قَالُوا مَا لَنَا طَاقَةٌ بِمَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ فَقَالَ إِبْلِيسُ أَ لَيْسَ تَذْهَبُونَ بِالْحِجَارَةِ وَ تَرْجِعُونَ فَرَاغاً قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَنْتُمْ فِي رَاحَةٍ فَأَبْلَغَتِ الرِّيحُ سُلَيْمَانَ مَا قَالَ إِبْلِيسُ لِلشَّيَاطِينِ فَأَمَرَهُمْ يَحْمِلُونَ الْحِجَارَةَ ذَاهِبِينَ وَ يَحْمِلُونَ الطِّينَ رَاجِعِينَ إِلَى مَوْضِعِهَا
He-asws said: ‘And Suleyman-as used to order the Satans-la, so they would carry the rocks for him-as from place to place. Iblees-la said to them, ‘How are you all?’ They said, ‘There is no strength for us due to what we are in’. Iblees-la said: ‘Aren’t you going with the rock and returning free?’ They said, ‘Yes’. He-la said: ‘Then you are in (a period of) rest’. The wind delivered to Suleyman-as what Iblees-la had said to the Satans-la, so he-as ordered them to carry the rocks while going and be carrying the mud while returning to their places.
فَتَرَاءَى لَهُمْ إِبْلِيسُ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ أَنْتُمْ فَشَكَوْا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ أَ لَسْتُمْ تَنَامُونَ بِاللَّيْلِ قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ فَأَنْتُمْ فِي رَاحَةٍ فَأَبْلَغَتِ الرِّيحُ مَا قَالَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ وَ إِبْلِيسُ فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِاللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهَارِ فَمَا لَبِثُوا إِلَّا يَسِيراً حَتَّى مَاتَ سُلَيْمَانُ
Iblees-la appeared to them and said, ‘How are you all?’ They complained to him-la. He-la said: ‘Aren’t you sleeping at night?’ They said, ‘Yes’. He-la said, ‘Then you are in (a period of) rest’. The wind delivered (to Suleyman-as) what the Satans-la and Iblees-la had said, so he-as ordered them that they should be working during the night and the day. They did not remain except for a little while until Suleyman-as died’.
وَ قَالَ خَرَجَ سُلَيْمَانُ يَسْتَسْقِي وَ مَعَهُ الْجِنُّ وَ الْإِنْسُ فَمَرَّ بِنَمْلَةٍ عَرْجَاءَ نَاشِرَةً جَنَاحَهَا رَافِعَةً يَدَهَا وَ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا خَلْقٌ مِنْ خَلْقِكَ لَا غِنَى بِنَا عَنْ رِزْقِكَ فَلَا تُؤَاخِذْنَا بِذُنُوبِ بَنِي آدَمَ وَ اسْقِنَا
And he-asws said: ‘Suleyman-as went out to pray for the rain and with him-as were the Jinn and the human. He-as passed by a limping ant spreading out its legs, raising its hands, and it was saying, ‘O Allah-azwj! I am a creature from Your-azwj creatures. Enrich us from Your-azwj sustenance and do not Seize us due to the sins of the sons of Adam-as, and Quench us’.
فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع لِمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ ارْجِعُوا فَقَدْ شُفِّعَ فِيكُمْ غَيْرُكُمْ
Suleyman said to the ones who were with him-as: ‘Return, for someone else has already interceded for you all!’’[95]
13- سن، المحاسن الْيَقْطِينِيُّ عَنِ الدِّهْقَانِ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: مَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيّاً قَطُّ إِلَّا عَاقِلًا وَ بَعْضُ النَّبِيِّينَ أَرْجَحُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَ مَا اسْتَخْلَفَ دَاوُدُ سُلَيْمَانَ حَتَّى اخْتَبَرَ عَقْلَهُ وَ اسْتَخْلَفَ دَاوُدُ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ مَكَثَ فِي مُلْكِهِ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً وَ مَلَكَ ذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ مَكَثَ فِي مُلْكِهِ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً
‘Al Mahasin’ – Al Yaqteeny, from Al Dahqan, from Dorost, from Ibrahim Bin Abdul Hameed,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj did not Send any Prophet-as at all except as an intellectual, and some of the Prophets are more preferable than some; and Dawood-as did not make Suleyman-as a Caliph until he-as had tested his-as intellect, and Dawood-as made Suleyman-as a Caliph while he-as was thirteen years old, and he-as remained in his-as kingdom for forty years, and Zulqarnayn (became) king when he was twelve years old and remained in his kingdom for thirty years’’.[96]
14- سن، المحاسن أَبِي وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى الْأَنْصَارِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الدَّيْلَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الثَّانِي ع قَالَ: إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ ع أَتَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ عَجُوزٌ مُسْتَعْدِيَةً عَلَى الرِّيحِ فَدَعَا سُلَيْمَانُ الرِّيحَ فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا دَعَاكِ إِلَى مَا صَنَعْتِ بِهَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – My father and Ali Bin Isa Al Ansary, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman al Daylami,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 3rd having said: ‘Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as, an old woman came to him-as claiming against wind, so Suleyman-as called the (accused) wind and said to it: ‘What I-saww called you to is what did you do to this woman?’
قَالَتْ إِنَّ رَبَّ الْعِزَّةِ بَعَثَنِي إِلَى سَفِينَةِ بَنِي فُلَانٍ لِأُنْقِذَهَا مِنَ الْغَرَقِ وَ كَانَتْ قَدْ أَشْرَفَتْ عَلَى الْغَرَقِ فَخَرَجْتُ فِي سُنَّتِي عَجْلَى إِلَى مَا أَمَرَنِيَ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَ مَرَرْتُ بِهَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَ هِيَ عَلَى سَطْحِهَا فَعَثَرْتُ بِهَا وَ لَمْ أُرِدْهَا فَسَقَطَتْ فَانْكَسَرَتْ يَدُهَا
It said, ‘The Lord-azwj of Might Sent me to a ship of the clan of so and so in order to save it from the drowning, and it had been on the verse of the drowning. I went out in my way hastening to what Allah-azwj had been Commanded with and I passed by this woman while she was upon her roof, and she stumble due to it and I did not intend her, but she fell down and broke her hand’.
فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ يَا رَبِّ بِمَا أَحْكُمُ عَلَى الرِّيحِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ يَا سُلَيْمَانُ احْكُمْ بِأَرْشِ كَسْرِ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةِ عَلَى أَرْبَابِ السَّفِينَةِ الَّتِي أَنْقَذَتْهَا الرِّيحُ مِنَ الْغَرَقِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُظْلَمُ لَدَيَّ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ
Suleyman-as said, ‘O Lord-azwj! With what shall I-as judge upon the wind?’ Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “O Suleyman-as! Judge with the broken arm of this woman against the owners of the ship which the wind saved from the drowning, for no one from the world will be oppressed in front of Me-azwj!”[97]
15- سن، المحاسن عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ يَعْمَلُونَ لَهُ ما يَشاءُ مِنْ مَحارِيبَ وَ تَماثِيلَ فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا هِيَ تَمَاثِيلَ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ وَ لَكِنِ الشَّجَرِ وَ شِبْهِهِ
‘Al Mahasin’ – Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Aban, from Abu Al Abbas,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: They were making for him whatever he so desired, from the prayer Niches, and figurines [34:13], so he-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! These were not images of the men and the women, but the images of the tree, and it’s like’’.[98]
16- سر، السرائر مِنْ كِتَابِ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ وَ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ وَ الْوَشَّاءِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَوْ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: آخِرُ نَبِيٍّ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع وَ ذَلِكَ لِمَا أُعْطِيَ فِي الدُّنْيَا
‘Al Saraair’ – from the book of Aban Bin Tablugh, from Ibn Asbat and Ibn Najran and Al Washa altogether, from Muhammad Bin Humran,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, or from Zurara from him-asws having said: ‘The last Prophet-as to enter Paradise would be Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as, and that is due to what he-as had been Given in the world’’.[99]
17- مكا، مكارم الأخلاق عَنْ زروان الْمَدَائِنِيِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الثَّانِي ع قَالَ: لَقَدْ كَانَ لِسُلَيْمَانَ ع أَلْفُ امْرَأَةٍ فِي قَصْرٍ ثَلَاثُمِائَةٍ مَهِيرَةٌ وَ سَبْعُمِائَةٍ سُرِّيَّةٌ وَ كَانَ يُطِيفُ بِهِنَّ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ لَيْلَةٍ
‘Makarim Al Akhlaaq’ – From Zarwan Al Madainy,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 2nd having said: ‘There were for Suleyman-as, a thousand wives in a castle – three hundred dowered and seven hundred concubines, and he-as was circling with them during every day and night’’.[100]
18- محص، التمحيص عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ آخِرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ دُخُولًا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ سُلَيْمَانُ ع وَ ذَلِكَ لِمَا أُعْطِيَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا
‘Al Tamhees’ – From Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The last of the Prophets-as to enter Paradise would be Suleyman-as, and that is due to what he-as had been Given in the world’’.[101]
19- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه بِإِسْنَادِهِ الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع قَدْ حَجَّ الْبَيْتَ فِي الْجِنِّ وَ الْإِنْسِ وَ الطَّيْرِ وَ الرِّيَاحِ وَ كَسَا الْبَيْتَ الْقَبَاطِيَ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – By the correct chain from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Suleyman-as had performed Hajj of the House (Kabah) among the Jinn and the humans and the birds and the winds, and clothed the House (Kabah) with the Egyptian cloth’’.[102]
20- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ كَسَا الْبَيْتَ الثِّيَابَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع كَسَاهُ الْقَبَاطِيَ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – By his chain, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The first one to clothe the House (Kabah) with the cloth was Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as. He-as clothed it with the Egyptian cloth’’.[103]
21- فس، تفسير القمي وَ لِسُلَيْمانَ الرِّيحَ غُدُوُّها شَهْرٌ وَ رَواحُها شَهْرٌ قَالَ كَانَتِ الرِّيحُ تَحْمِلُ كُرْسِيَّ سُلَيْمَانَ فَتَسِيرُ بِهِ فِي الْغَدَاةِ مَسِيرَةَ شَهْرٍ وَ بِالْعَشِيِّ مَسِيرَةَ شَهْرٍ وَ أَسَلْنا لَهُ عَيْنَ الْقِطْرِ أَيِ الصُّفْرِ مَحارِيبَ وَ تَماثِيلَ قَالَ الشَّجَرِ وَ جِفانٍ كَالْجَوابِ أَيْ جَفْنَةٍ كَالْحُفْرَةِ وَ قُدُورٍ راسِياتٍ أَيْ ثَابِتَاتٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ اعْمَلُوا آلَ داوُدَ شُكْراً قَالَ اعْمَلُوا مَا تُشْكَرُونَ عَلَيْهِ
(opinion)[104]
Note –
وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: وَ اللَّهِ مَا هِيَ تَمَاثِيلُ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ وَ لَكِنَّهَا الشَّجَرُ وَ مَا أَشْبَهَهُ
And it is reported from Al-Sadiq-as, he said: ‘By Allah-azwj! These were not resemblances (statues) of the men and the women, but these were of trees and what resembles it’.
22 أَعْلَامُ الدِّينِ، قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ بَعَثَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع بَعْضَ عَفَارِيتِهِ وَ بَعَثَ مَعَهُ نَفَراً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ اذْهَبُوا مَعَهُ وَ انْظُرُوا مَا ذَا يَقُولُ
‘A’lam Al Deen’ – Ibn Shihab said, ‘Suleyman Bin Dawood-as sent one of his Jinn and sent a number of his companions with him. He-as said: ‘Go with him and look at what they are saying!’
فَمَرُّوا بِهِ فِي السُّوقِ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ نَظَرَ إِلَى النَّاسِ فَهَزَّ رَأْسَهُ وَ مَرُّوا بِهِ عَلَى بَيْتٍ يَبْكُونَ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ لَهُمْ فَضَحِكَ وَ مَرُّوا بِهِ عَلَى الثُّومِ يُكَالُ كَيْلًا وَ عَلَى الْفُلْفُلِ يُوزَنُ وَزْناً فَضَحِكَ وَ مَرُّوا بِهِ عَلَى قَوْمٍ يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَ آخَرِينَ فِي بَاطِلٍ فَهَزَّ رَأْسَهُ
They passed with him in the market place. He raised his head towards the sky and looked at the people. He shook his head; and they passed with him by a house, they were crying upon a deceased of theirs. He smiled; and they passed with him upon the garlic being measured out and the pepper being weighed. He smiled; and they passed with him upon a group doing Zikr of Allah-azwj the Exalted while others were in (discussing) falsehoods. He shook his head.
ثُمَّ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ بِمَا رَأَوْا مِنْهُ فَسَأَلَهُ سُلَيْمَانُ ع أَ رَأَيْتَ إِذْ مَرُّوا بِكَ فِي السُّوقِ لِمَ رَفَعْتَ رَأْسَكَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ نَظَرْتَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ وَ النَّاسِ
Then they returned him to Suleyman-as and informed him of what they had seen from him. Suleyman-as asked him: ‘What is your view of when they passed with you in the marketplace, why did you raise your head toward the sky and look and the earth and the people?’
قَالَ عَجِبْتُ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ عَلَى رُءُوسِ النَّاسِ مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا يَكْتُبُونَ وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا يَمَلُّونَ
He said, ‘I was surprised by the Angels upon the heads of the people, how quickly they were writing, and (surprised) by the people, how quickly they were getting fed up!’
قَالَ وَ مَرَرْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ يَبْكُونَ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ وَ قَدْ أَدْخَلَهُ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ فَضَحِكْتُ
He said, ‘And I passed by upon a household crying upon a deceased, and Allah-azwj has already Admitted him into Paradise, so I smiled’.
قَالَ وَ مَرَرْتُ عَلَى الثُّومِ يُكَالُ كَيْلًا وَ مِنْهُ التِّرْيَاقُ وَ عَلَى الْفُلْفُلِ يُوزَنُ وَزْناً وَ هُوَ الدَّاءُ فَتَعَجَّبْتُ وَ نَظَرْتُ إِلَى قَوْمٍ يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ وَ آخَرِينَ فِي بَاطِلٍ فَتَعَجَّبْتُ وَ ضَحِكْتُ
He said, ‘And I passed by upon the garlic being measured, and from it is the antidote, and upon the pepper being weighed and it is the disease, so I was surprised; and I looked at a group doing Zikr of Allah-azwj and others were (engaging) in the falsehoods, so I was surprised and smiled’’.[105]
Note –
عن الرضا ع أنه كان نقش خاتمه سبحان من ألجم الجن بكلماته
From Al-Reza-asws: ‘The engraving on his ring was: ‘Glorious is the One Who Restrained the Jinn with His-azwj Words’’.
23- وَ قَالَ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ رَوَى الْوَاحِدِيُّ بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: أُعْطِيَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ مُلْكَ مَشَارِقِ الْأَرْضِ وَ مَغَارِبِهَا فَمَلَكَ سَبْعَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ وَ سَبْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ مُلْكَ أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا كُلِّهِمْ مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَ الْإِنْسِ وَ الشَّيَاطِينِ وَ الدَّوَابِّ وَ الطَّيْرِ وَ السِّبَاعِ وَ أُعْطِيَ عِلْمَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَ مَنْطِقَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَ فِي زَمَانِهِ صُنِعَتِ الصَّنَائِعُ الْمُعْجِبَةُ الَّتِي سَمِعَ بِهَا النَّاسُ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عُلِّمْنا مَنْطِقَ الطَّيْرِ وَ أُوتِينا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ إِنَّ هذا لَهُوَ الْفَضْلُ الْمُبِينُ
And Al Tabarsy said, ‘And it is reported by Al Jowhary by the chain,
‘From Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Suleyman Bin Dawood-as was Given the kingdom in the east of the earth and its west, and he-as ruled for seven hundred years and seven months, ruling the people of the world, all of them from the Jinn and the humans, and the Satans-la, and the animals, and the birds, and the predator, and he-as was Given the knowledge of all things and talk of all things; and in his-as era he-as build wondrous buildings which he-as was heard with by the people, and that is His-azwj Words: We have been Taught the speech of the birds, and have been Given from all things. Surely, this is the clear Grace’ [27:16]’’.[106]
24- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ سَعْدَانَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: خَرَجَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ بَعْدَ عَتَمَةٍ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ هَمْهَمَةٌ هَمْهَمَةٌ وَ لَيْلَةٌ مُظْلِمَةٌ خَرَجَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْإِمَامُ عَلَيْهِ قَمِيصُ آدَمَ وَ فِي يَدِهِ خَاتَمُ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ عَصَا مُوسَى
‘Al-Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Musa Bin Sa’dan, from Abu Al Hassan Al Asady, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws went out one night after dark, and he-asws was saying, muttering, murmuring: ‘And the night is dark, the Imam-asws has come out to you all! Upon him-asws is the shirt of Adam-as, and in his-asws hand is a ring of Suleyman-as and a Staff of Musa-as’’.[107]
25- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَيْفٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ فِي حَدَاثَةِ سِنِّكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع أَنْ يَسْتَخْلِفَ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ هُوَ صَبِيٌّ يَرْعَى الْغَنَمَ فَأَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ عُبَّادُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ عُلَمَاؤُهُمْ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Sayf, from one of our companions,
(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far-asws the 2nd, said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘They (people) are talking regarding the infancy of your-asws age’. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed unto Dawood-as that he-as choose Suleyman-as as the Caliph, and he-as was a child pasturing sheep. But the worshippers of the Children of Israel and their scholars denied that.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَنْ خُذْ عَصَا الْمُتَكَلِّمِينَ وَ عَصَا سُلَيْمَانَ وَ اجْعَلْهَا فِي بَيْتٍ وَ اخْتِمْ عَلَيْهَا بِخَوَاتِيمِ الْقَوْمِ فَإِذَا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ فَمَنْ كَانَتْ عَصَاهُ قَدْ أَوْرَقَتْ وَ أَثْمَرَتْ فَهُوَ الْخَلِيفَةُ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ دَاوُدُ ع فَقَالُوا قَدْ رَضِينَا وَ سَلَّمْنَا
Allah-azwj Revealed unto Dawood-as: “Take the staffs of the speakers and the staff of Suleyman-as and make these to be in a house, and seal upon these with the seals of the people. When it would be the morning, the one whose staff would have sprouted leaves and fruit, so he-asws would be the Caliph”. Dawood-as informed them, and they said, ‘We agree and submit’’.[108]
26 كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع الْقُنْزُعَةُ الَّتِي عَلَى رَأْسِ الْقُنْبُرَةِ مِنْ مَسْحَةِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ع وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الذَّكَرَ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْفَدَ أُنْثَاهُ فَامْتَنَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهَا لَا تَمْتَنِعِي مَا أُرِيدُ إِلَّا أَنْ يُخْرِجَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنِّي نَسَمَةً يُذْكَرُ بِهِ فَأَجَابَتْهُ إِلَى مَا طَلَبَ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, and Ali Bin Ibrahim Al Hashimy, from one of our companions, from Suleyman Bin Ja’far Al Ja’fary,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘The topknot on top of the heat of the grouse is from the wiping (by the hand of) Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as, and that is the male grouse intended to copulate with its female, but she prevented unto him. He said to her, ‘Do not prevent me, for I do not intend except that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Extract from me a person you would be remembered by’. She answered him to what he sought.
فَلَمَّا أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَبِيضَ قَالَ لَهَا أَيْنَ تُرِيدِينَ أَنْ تَبِيضِي فَقَالَتْ لَا أَدْرِي أُنَحِّيهِ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ قَالَ لَهَا إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يَمُرَّ بِكِ مَارُّ الطَّرِيقِ وَ لَكِنِّي أَرَى لَكِ أَنْ تَبِيضِي قُرْبَ الطَّرِيقِ فَمَنْ يَرَاكِ قُرْبَهُ تَوَهَّمَ أَنَّكِ تَعْرِضِينَ لِلَقْطِ الْحَبِّ مِنَ الطَّرِيقِ فَأَجَابَتْهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ وَ بَاضَتْ وَ حَضَنَتْ حَتَّى أَشْرَفَتْ عَلَى النِّقَابِ
When it wanted to lay eggs, he said to her, ‘Where do you want to lay eggs’. She said to him, ‘I do not know, near to the road?’ He said to her, ‘I am afraid that the passers-by would pass by you, but I see for you that you should lay eggs near the road, so the one who sees you near it would think that you are picking seeds from the road’. She answered him to that and laid eggs, and incubated them until she oversaw the births.
فَبَيْنَا هُمَا كَذَلِكَ إِذْ طَلَعَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع فِي جُنُودِهِ وَ الطَّيْرُ تُظِلُّهُ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ هَذَا سُلَيْمَانُ قَدْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا بِجُنُودِهِ وَ لَا آمَنُ أَنْ يَحْطِمَنَا وَ يَحْطِمَ بَيْضَنَا فَقَالَ لَهَا إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع لَرَجُلٌ رَحِيمٌ فَهَلْ عِنْدَكِ شَيْءٌ خَبَيْتِهِ لِفِرَاخِكِ إِذَا نَقَبْنَ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ عِنْدِي جَرَادَةٌ خَبَأْتُهَا مِنْكَ أَنْتَظِرُ بِهَا فِرَاخِي إِذَا نَقَبْنَ فَهَلْ عِنْدَكَ شَيْءٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ عِنْدِي تَمْرَةٌ خَبَأْتُهَا مِنْكِ لِفِرَاخِي
While the two of them were involved in that, when they noticed Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as in his-as army, and the birds were shading him-as. She said to him, ‘This is Suleyman-as who is coming over to us in his army, and there is no safety if he-as were to trample us, and trample our eggs’. He said to her, ‘Suleyman-as would be a merciful man with us, so is there anything with you to gift to him-as for (the safety of) your chicks when they are born’. She said, ‘Yes, a grasshopper which I hid from you, awaiting my chicks for it when they are born. Is there anything with you?’ He said, ‘Yes, I have a date with me, which I hid from you for my chicks’.
قَالَتْ فَخُذْ أَنْتَ تَمْرَتَكَ وَ آخُذُ أَنَا جَرَادَتِي وَ نَعْرِضُ لِسُلَيْمَانَ ع فَنُهْدِيهِمَا لَهُ فَإِنَّهُ رَجُلٌ يُحِبُّ الْهَدِيَّةَ فَأَخَذَ التَّمْرَةَ فِي مِنْقَارِهِ وَ أَخَذَتْ هِيَ الْجَرَادَةَ فِي رِجْلَيْهَا ثُمَّ تَعَرَّضَا لِسُلَيْمَانَ ع
She said, ‘You take your date, and I take my grasshopper, and we go to Suleyman-as,and we present these to him-as, for he-as is a man who loves the gifts’. He took the date in his beak, and she took the grasshopper in her claws, then they went to Suleyman-as.
فَلَمَّا رَآهُمَا وَ هُوَ عَلَى عَرْشِهِ بَسَطَ يَدَهُ لَهُمَا فَأَقْبَلَا فَوَقَعَ الذَّكَرُ عَلَى الْيَمِينِ وَ وَقَعَتِ الْأُنْثَى عَلَى الْيَسَارِ وَ سَأَلَهُمَا عَنْ حَالِهِمَا فَأَخْبَرَاهُ
When he-as saw them both, and he was upon his-as throne, he-as extended his-as hands for them. They went over and the male sat upon the right hand and the female sat upon the left hand, and he asked them both of their state. They informed him-as.
فَقَبِلَ هَدِيَّتَهُمَا وَ جَنَّبَ جُنْدَهُ عَنْهُمَا وَ عَنْ بَيْضِهِمَا وَ مَسَحَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِمَا وَ دَعَا لَهُمَا بِالْبَرَكَةِ فَحَدَثَتِ الْقُنْزُعَةُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِمَا مِنْ مَسْحَةِ سُلَيْمَانَ ع
He-as accepted both their gifts, and diverted his-as army away from them and their eggs, and he-as wiped (by his-as hand) upon their heads, and supplicated for them both with the Blessings. The topknot appeared on top of both their heads from the wiping of Suleyman-as’’.[109]
27- نبه، تنبيه الخاطر رُوِيَ أَنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ ع مَرَّ فِي مَوْكِبِهِ وَ الطَّيْرُ تُظِلُّهُ وَ الْجِنُّ وَ الْإِنْسُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ بِعَابِدٍ مِنْ عُبَّادِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
‘Tanbeeh Al Khatir’ –
‘It is reported that Suleyman Bin Dawood-as being his procession, and the bird was shading him-as while the Jinn and the humans were on his-as right and his-as left, passed by a worshipper from the worshippers of the children of Israel.
فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ يَا ابْنَ دَاوُدَ لَقَدْ آتَاكَ اللَّهُ مُلْكاً عَظِيماً
He said: ‘O son-as of Dawood-as! Allah-azwj has Given you-as a mighty kingdom!’
فَسَمِعَهُ سُلَيْمَانُ فَقَالَ لَتَسْبِيحَةٌ فِي صَحِيفَةِ مُؤْمِنٍ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا أُعْطِيَ ابْنُ دَاوُدَ إِنَّ مَا أُعْطِيَ ابْنُ دَاوُدَ يَذْهَبُ وَ إِنَّ التَّسْبِيحَةَ تَبْقَى
Suleyman-as heard him. He-as said: ‘A glorification (recorded) in the register of a believer is better than what the son of Dawood-as has been Given! What the son of Dawood-as has been Given will be going away while the glorification will remain’’.[110]
28 وَ كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع إِذَا أَصْبَحَ تَصَفَّحَ وُجُوهَ الْأَغْنِيَاءِ وَ الْأَشْرَافِ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ إِلَى الْمَسَاكِينِ وَ يَقْعُدُ مَعَهُمْ وَ يَقُولُ مِسْكِينٌ مَعَ الْمَسَاكِينِ
And it was so, whenever it was morning, Suleyman-as would look over the faces of the rich and the nobles until he-as would come to the poor and sit with them, and he-as said: ‘A poor (man sitting) with the the poor (people)’’.[111]
29 إِرْشَادُ الْقُلُوبِ، كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع مَعَ مَا هُوَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْمُلْكِ يَلْبَسُ الشَّعْرَ وَ إِذَا جَنَّهُ اللَّيْلُ شَدَّ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ فَلَا يَزَالُ قَائِماً حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ بَاكِياً وَ كَانَ قُوتُهُ مِنْ سَفَائِفِ الْخُوصِ يَعْمَلُهَا بِيَدِهِ وَ إِنَّمَا سَأَلَ الْمُلْكَ لِيَقْهَرَ مُلُوكَ الْكُفْرِ
‘Irshd Al-Quloub’ – ‘Suleyman-as, along with the kingdom he-as was in, would wear the coarse hair, and when the night shielded he-as would tie his-as hands to his-as neck. He-as would not cease standing until morning, crying, and his-as daily subsistenance was from weaving palm-fibre mats he-as would make with his-as own hands, and rather he-as had asked for the kingdom in order to subdue the kings of disbelief’.[112]
وَ رَوَى الثَّعْلَبِيُّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ عَنْ كَعْبٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع كَانَ إِذَا رَكِبَ حَمَلَ أَهْلَهُ وَ سَائِرَ حَشَمِهِ وَ خَدَمِهِ وَ كُتَّابَهُ فِي مَدِينَةٍ مِنْ قَوَارِيرَ لَهَا أَلْفُ سَقْفٍ وَ تِلْكَ السُّقُوفُ بَعْضُهَا فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ عَلَى قَدْرِ دَرَجَاتِهِمْ وَ قَدِ اتَّخَذَ مَطَابِخَ وَ مَخَابِزَ يَحْمِلُ فِيهَا تَنَانِيرَ الْحَدِيدِ وَ قُدُورَ عِظَامٍ يَسَعُ كُلُّ قِدْرٍ عَشْرَةَ جَزَائِرَ وَ قَدِ اتَّخَذَ مَيَادِينَ لِلدَّوَابِّ أَمَامَهُ فَيَطْبَخُ الطَّبَّاخُونَ وَ يَخْبِزُ الْخَبَّازُونَ وَ تَجْرِي الدَّوَابُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ الرِّيحُ تَهْوِي بِهِمْ فَسَارَ مِنْ إِصْطَخْرَ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَسَلَكَ الْمَدِينَةَ مَدِينَةَ الرَّسُولِ ص فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ هَذَا دَارُ هِجْرَةِ نَبِيٍّ فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ طُوبَى لِمَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَ طُوبَى لِمَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ وَ طُوبَى لِمَنِ اقْتَدَى بِهِ وَ رَأَى حَوْلَ الْبَيْتِ أَصْنَاماً تُعْبَدُ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَلَمَّا جَاوَزَ سُلَيْمَانُ الْبَيْتَ بَكَى الْبَيْتُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى الْبَيْتِ مَا يُبْكِيكَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ أَبْكَانِي هَذَا نَبِيٌّ مِنْ أَنْبِيَائِكَ وَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَوْلِيَائِكَ مَرُّوا عَلَيَّ فَلَمْ يَهْبِطُوا فِيَّ وَ لَمْ يُصَلُّوا عِنْدِي وَ لَمْ يَذْكُرُوكَ بِحَضْرَتِي وَ الْأَصْنَامُ تُعْبَدُ حَوْلِي مِنْ دُونِكَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا تَبْكِ فَإِنِّي سَوْفَ أَمْلَؤُكَ وُجُوهاً سُجَّداً وَ أُنْزِلُ فِيكَ قُرْآناً جَدِيداً وَ أَبْعَثُ مِنْكَ نَبِيّاً فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ أَحَبَّ أَنْبِيَائِي إِلَيَّ وَ أَجْعَلُ فِيكَ عُمَّاراً مِنْ خَلْقِي يَعْبُدُونَنِي وَ أَفْرِضُ عَلَى عِبَادِي فَرِيضَةً يَدُفُّونَ إِلَيْكَ دَفِيفَ النُّسُورِ إِلَى وُكُورِهَا وَ يَحِنُّونَ إِلَيْكَ حَنِينَ النَّاقَةِ إِلَى وَلَدِهَا وَ الْحَمَامَةِ إِلَى بَيْضَتِهَا وَ أُطَهِّرُكَ مِنَ الْأَوْثَانِ وَ عَبَدَةِ الشَّيْطَانِ قَالَ وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ لَمَّا مَلَكَ بَعْدَ أَبِيهِ أَمَرَ بِاتِّخَاذِ كُرْسِيٍّ لِيَجْلِسَ عَلَيْهِ لِلْقَضَاءِ وَ أَمَرَ بِأَنْ يُعْمَلَ بَدِيعاً مَهُولًا بِحَيْثُ أَنْ لَوْ رَآهُ مُبْطِلٌ أَوْ شَاهِدُ زُورٍ ارْتَدَعَ وَ تَهَيَّبَ قَالَ فَعُمِلَ لَهُ كُرْسِيٌّ مِنْ أَنْيَابِ الْفِيَلَةِ وَ فَصَّصُوهُ بِالْيَاقُوتِ وَ اللُّؤْلُؤِ وَ الزَّبَرْجَدِ وَ أَنْوَاعِ الْجَوَاهِرِ وَ حَفَّفُوهُ بِأَرْبَعِ نَخَلَاتٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ شَمَارِيخُهَا الْيَاقُوتُ الْأَحْمَرُ وَ الزُّمُرُّدُ الْأَخْضَرُ عَلَى رَأْسِ نَخْلَتَيْنِ مِنْهَا طَاوُسَانِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْآخَرَيْنِ نَسْرَانِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ بَعْضُهَا مُقَابِلًا لِبَعْضٍ وَ جَعَلُوا مِنْ جَنْبَتَيِ الْكُرْسِيِّ أَسَدَيْنِ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ عَلَى رَأْسِ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَمُودٌ مِنَ الزُّمُرُّدِ الْأَخْضَرِ وَ قَدْ عَقَدُوا عَلَى النَّخَلَاتِ أَشْجَارَ كُرُومٍ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ الْأَحْمَرِ وَ اتَّخَذُوا عَنَاقِيدَهَا مِنَ الْيَاقُوتِ الْأَحْمَرِ بِحَيْثُ يَظَلُّ عَرِيشُ الْكُرُومِ النَّخْلَ وَ الْكُرْسِيَّ قَالَ وَ كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع إِذَا أَرَادَ صُعُودَهُ وَضَعَ قَدَمَيْهِ عَلَى الدَّرَجَةِ السُّفْلَى فَيَسْتَدِيرُ الْكُرْسِيُّ كُلُّهُ بِمَا فِيهِ دَوَرَانَ الرَّحَى الْمُسْرِعَةِ وَ تَنْشُرُ تِلْكَ النُّسُورُ وَ الطَّوَاوِيسُ أَجْنِحَتَهَا وَ تَبْسُطُ الْأَسَدَانِ أَيْدِيَهُمَا فَتَضْرِبَانِ الْأَرْضَ بِأَذْنَابِهِمَا فَكَذَلِكَ كُلُّ دَرَجَةٍ يَصْعَدُهَا سُلَيْمَانُ ع فَإِذَا اسْتَوَى بِأَعْلَاهُ أَخَذَ النَّسْرَانِ اللَّذَانِ عَلَى النَّخْلَتَيْنِ تَاجَ سُلَيْمَانَ فَوَضَعَاهُ عَلَى رَأْسِ سُلَيْمَانَ ع ثُمَّ يَسْتَدِيرُ الْكُرْسِيُّ بِمَا فِيهِ وَ يَدُورُ مَعَهُ النَّسْرَانِ وَ الطَّاوُوسَانِ وَ الْأَسَدَانِ قَائِلَاتٍ بِرُءُوسِهَا إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ يَنْضَحْنَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْوَافِهَا الْمِسْكَ وَ الْعَنْبَرَ ثُمَّ تَنَاوَلَتْ حَمَامَةٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ قَائِمَةٌ عَلَى عَمُودٍ مِنْ جَوْهَرٍ مِنْ أَعْمِدَةِ الْكُرْسِيِّ التَّوْرَاةَ فَيَفْتَحُهَا سُلَيْمَانُ ع وَ يَقْرَؤُهَا عَلَى النَّاسِ وَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى فَصْلِ الْقَضَاءِ وَ يَجْلِسُ عُظَمَاءُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى كَرَاسِيَّ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ الْمُفَصَّصَةِ بِالْجَوْهَرِ وَ هِيَ أَلْفُ كُرْسِيٍّ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ تَجِيءُ عُظَمَاءُ الْجِنِّ وَ تَجْلِسُ عَلَى كَرَاسِيِّ الْفِضَّةِ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ وَ هِيَ أَلْفُ كُرْسِيٍّ حَافِّينَ جَمِيعاً بِهِ ثُمَّ يَحُفُّ بِهِمُ الطَّيْرُ فَتُظِلُّهُمْ وَ تَتَقَدَّمُ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ لِلْقَضَاءِ فَإِذَا دَعَا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَ الشُّهُودِ لَإِقَامَةِ الشَّهَادَاتِ دَارَ الْكُرْسِيُّ بِمَا فِيهِ مَعَ جَمِيعِ مَا حَوْلَهُ دَوَرَانَ الرَّحَى الْمُسْرِعَةِ وَ يَبْسُطُ الْأَسَدَانِ أَيْدِيَهُمَا وَ يَضْرِبَانِ الْأَرْضَ بَأَذْنَابِهِمَا وَ يَنْشُرُ النَّسْرَانِ وَ الطَّاوُوسَانِ أَجْنِحَتَهُمَا فَيَفْزَعُ مِنْهُ الشُّهُودُ وَ يَدْخُلُهُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ رُعْبٌ وَ لَا يَشْهَدُونَ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِ
(non-Shia source + Judeo Christian literature)
باب 6 معنى قول سليمان ع هَبْ لِي مُلْكاً لا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي
CHAPTER 6 – MEANING OF THE WORDS OF SULEYMAN-as Grant me a kingdom, not befitting for anyone from after me [38:35]
1- مع، معاني الأخبار ع، علل الشرائع أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْمُكَتِّبُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْوَرَّاقِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ هَارُونَ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بَخِيلًا فَقَالَ لَا فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَقَوْلُ سُلَيْمَانَ رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَ هَبْ لِي مُلْكاً لا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي مَا وَجْهُهُ وَ مَعْنَاهُ
‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – Ahmad Bin Yahya Al-Maktab, from Abu Al-Tayyab Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al-Waraaq, from Ali Bin Haroun Al-Humeyri, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Suleyman Al-Nowfaly, from his father, from Ali Bin Yaqteen who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, ‘Is it permissible for a Prophet-as of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic to be stingy?’ He-asws said: ‘No!’ I said to him-asws, ‘So (what about) the words of Suleyman-as: He said: ‘Lord! Forgive me and Grant me a kingdom, not befitting for anyone from after me. Surely, You are the Bestower [38:35], what is its perspective, and what is its Meaning?’
فَقَالَ الْمُلْكُ مُلْكَانِ مُلْكٌ مَأْخُوذٌ بِالْغَلَبَةِ وَ الْجَوْرِ وَ إِجْبَارِ النَّاسِ وَ مُلْكٌ مَأْخُوذٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ كَمُلْكِ آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ مُلْكِ طَالُوتَ وَ مُلْكِ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع هَبْ لِي مُلْكاً لا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي أَنْ يَقُولَ إِنَّهُ مَأْخُوذٌ بِالْغَلَبَةِ وَ الْجَوْرِ وَ إِجْبَارِ النَّاسِ
He-asws said: ‘The kingdoms are of two types – A kingdom which is attained by the overcoming, and the tyranny, and the choice of the people; and a kingdom which is attained from the Presence of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted, like the kingdom of Ibrahim-as, and kingdom of Taloot, and kingdom of Zulqarnayn. Suleyman-as said: ‘Grant me a kingdom, not befitting for anyone from after me [38:35], that he should be saying, ‘It has been attained by the conquering, and the tyranny, and the choice of the people’.
فَسَخَّرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ الرِّيحَ تَجْرِي بِأَمْرِهِ رُخاءً حَيْثُ أَصابَ وَ جَعَلَ غُدُوَّهَا شَهْراً وَ رَوَاحَهَا شَهْراً وَ سَخَّرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ الشَّياطِينَ كُلَّ بَنَّاءٍ وَ غَوَّاصٍ وَ عُلِّمَ مَنْطِقَ الطَّيْرِ وَ مُكِّنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَعَلِمَ النَّاسُ فِي وَقْتِهِ وَ بَعْدَهُ أَنَّ مُلْكَهُ لَا يُشْبِهُ مُلْكَ الْمُلُوكِ الْمُخْتَارِينَ مِنْ قِبَلِ النَّاسِ وَ الْمَالِكِينَ بِالْغَلَبَةِ وَ الْجَوْرِ
Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: Then We Subjugated the wind for him to flow gently by his order, wherever he so directed [38:36], and Made its going as a month, and its flowing a month, And (Subjugated) the Satans, being all builders and divers [38:37], and Taught him-as the language of the birds, and to move in the earth. So the people knew, during his-as time and after him-as that his-as kingdom does not resemble the kingdoms of the choice of the people, and the kingdoms by conquering and tyranny.
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَقَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص رَحِمَ اللَّهُ أَخِي سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ مَا كَانَ أَبْخَلَهُ فَقَالَ لِقَوْلِهِ ع وَجْهَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا مَا كَانَ أَبْخَلَهُ بِعِرْضِهِ وَ سُوءِ الْقَوْلِ فِيهِ وَ الْوَجْهُ الْآخَرُ يَقُولُ مَا كَانَ أَبْخَلَهُ إِنْ كَانَ أَرَادَ مَا يَذْهَبُ إِلَيْهِ الْجُهَّالُ
I said to him-asws, ‘(What about) the words of Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy upon my-saww brother Suleyman-as, how stingy he-as was!’ He-asws said: ‘His -saww words have two perspectives – One of these is how stingy he-as was by his-as offer, and evil is the word (of the people) in it! And another perspective is that he-saww is saying: ‘How stingy he-as was that he-as did not want it to go (inherited) to the ignorant!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ ع قَدْ وَ اللَّهِ أُوتِينَا مَا أُوتِيَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَ مَا لَمْ يُؤْتَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَ مَا لَمْ يُؤْتَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي قِصَّةِ سُلَيْمَانَ هذا عَطاؤُنا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ وَ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي قِصَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص ما آتاكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَ ما نَهاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوا
Then he-asws said: ‘We-asws have been Given what Suleyman-as had been Given, and what he-as had not been Given (as well), and what no one in the Worlds have been Given. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Said in the story of Suleyman-as: This is Our Gift, so either confer or withhold, without a Reckoning [38:39]. And the Mighty and Majestic Said in the story of Muhammad-saww: And whatever the Rasool gives you, then take it, and whatever he forbids you from, then refrain [59:7]’’.[113]
2- ب، قرب الإسناد مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ سُلَيْمَانَ هَبْ لِي مُلْكاً لا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْوَهَّابُ قُلْتُ فَأُعْطِيَ الَّذِي دَعَا بِهِ
‘Qurb Al Isnad’ – Muhammad Bin Abdul Hameed, from Abu Jameela,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the words of Suleyman-as: Grant me a kingdom, not befitting for anyone from after me. Surely, You are the Bestower [38:35]. I said, ‘What he-as Given that which he-as supplicated for?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَمْ يُعْطَ بَعْدَهُ إِنْسَانٌ مَا أُعْطِيَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ع مِنْ غَلَبَةِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَخَنَقَهُ إِلَى أُسْطُوَانَةٍ حَتَّى أَصَابَ بِلِسَانِهِ يَدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَا مَا دَعَا بِهِ سُلَيْمَانُ لَأَرَيْتُكُمُوهُ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, and no human has been Given after him-as what the Prophet-as of Allah-azwj had been Given, from overcoming the Satan-la, so he-as throttled him-la to a pipe (shape) to the extent that he-la hit the hand of Rasool-Allah-saww with his-la tongue. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Had Suleyman-as not supplicated with it, I-saww would have shown it to you’’.[114]
Note: –
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ صَلَّى صَلَاةً فَقَالَ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ عَرَضَ لِي لِيُفْسِدَ عَلِيَّ الصَّلَاةَ فَأَمْكَنَنِيَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ فَوَدَعْتُهُ وَ لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أُوثِقَهُ إِلَى سَارِيَةٍ حَتَّى تُصْبِحُوا وَ تَنْظُرُوا إِلَيْهِ أَجْمَعِينَ فَذَكَرْتُ قَوْلَ سُلَيْمَانَ رَبِ هَبْ لِي مُلْكاً لا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي فَرَدَّهُ اللَّهُ خَاسِئاً خَائِباً أَوْرَدَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ انْتَهَى
From the Prophet-saww, he-saww prayed Salat. He-saww said: ‘The Satan-la presented to me-saww to spoil the Salat upon me-saww. Allah-azwj Enable me-saww from him-la, and I-saww let him-la go, and I-saww had thought of tying him-la to a pillar until you all come to the morning and look at him-la. I remembered the words of Suleyman-as: ‘Lord-azwj! Grant me a kingdom, not befitting for anyone from after me. Surely, You are the Bestower [38:35]. Allah-azwj Returned him-la disappointed’. It is reported by Al Bukhari and Muslim in their ‘Saheeh’ – end. (derogatory and non-Shia sources).
باب 7 قصة مروره عليه السلام بوادي النمل و تكلمه معها و سائر ما وصل إليه من أصوات الحيوانات
CHAPTER 7 – STORY OF HIS-as PASSING BY A VALLEY OF THE ANTS AND HIS-as SPEAKING WITH IT AND THE REST OF WHAT ARRIVED TO HIM-as FROM THE VOICES OF THE ANIMALS
الآيات النمل وَ حُشِرَ لِسُلَيْمانَ جُنُودُهُ مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَ الْإِنْسِ وَ الطَّيْرِ فَهُمْ يُوزَعُونَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Naml: And there were assembled for Suleyman, his armies from the Jinn, and the human beings, and the birds, and they were arranged in rows [27:17]
حَتَّى إِذا أَتَوْا عَلى وادِ النَّمْلِ قالَتْ نَمْلَةٌ يا أَيُّهَا النَّمْلُ ادْخُلُوا مَساكِنَكُمْ لا يَحْطِمَنَّكُمْ سُلَيْمانُ وَ جُنُودُهُ وَ هُمْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ
Until when they came to the valley of the ants, and ant said, ‘O you ants! Enter into your dwellings lest Suleyman and his armies trample you while they are unaware!’ [27:18]
فَتَبَسَّمَ ضاحِكاً مِنْ قَوْلِها وَ قالَ رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِي أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ الَّتِي أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ وَ عَلى والِدَيَّ وَ أَنْ أَعْمَلَ صالِحاً تَرْضاهُ وَ أَدْخِلْنِي بِرَحْمَتِكَ فِي عِبادِكَ الصَّالِحِينَ
So he smiled, laughing from its words, and said: ‘My Lord! Support me that I should thank for Your Favours which You Favoured upon me and upon my parents, and that I should perform righteous deeds You would be Pleased with, and Enter me by Your Mercy to be among Your righteous servants!’ [27:19]
1- فس، تفسير القمي وَ حُشِرَ لِسُلَيْمانَ جُنُودُهُ مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَ الْإِنْسِ وَ الطَّيْرِ قَعَدَ عَلَى كُرْسِيِّهِ وَ حَمَلَتْهُ الرِّيحُ عَلَى وَادِي النَّمْلِ وَ هُوَ وَادٍ يُنْبِتُ الذَّهَبَ وَ الْفِضَّةَ وَ قَدْ وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ النَّمْلَ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ الصَّادِقِ ع إِنَّ لِلَّهِ وَادِياً يُنْبِتُ الذَّهَبَ وَ الْفِضَّةَ قَدْ حَمَاهُ اللَّهُ بِأَضْعَفِ خَلْقِهِ وَ هُوَ النَّمْلُ لَوْ رَامَتْهُ الْبَخَاتِيُ مَا قَدَرَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى سُلَيْمَانُ إِلَى وَادِي النَّمْلِ فَقَالَتْ نَمْلَةٌ يا أَيُّهَا النَّمْلُ ادْخُلُوا مَساكِنَكُمْ لا يَحْطِمَنَّكُمْ سُلَيْمانُ وَ جُنُودُهُ وَ هُمْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ فَتَبَسَّمَ ضاحِكاً مِنْ قَوْلِها وَ قالَ رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِي أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ الَّتِي أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ وَ عَلى والِدَيَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فِي عِبادِكَ الصَّالِحِينَ
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ فَهُمْ يُوزَعُونَ قَالَ يُحْبَسُ أَوَّلُهُمْ عَلَى آخِرِهِمْ
And in a report by Abu Jaroud,
From Abu Ja’far regarding His Words: ‘and they were arranged in rows [27:17]. He said: ‘Their first ones held back over their last ones’.[115]
2- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ع، علل الشرائع عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ الْقُرَشِيُّ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَصْفَهَانِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْرَوَيْهِ الْقَزْوِينِيِّ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الْغَازِي قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَتَبَسَّمَ ضاحِكاً مِنْ قَوْلِها قَالَ لَمَّا قَالَتِ النَّمْلَةُ يا أَيُّهَا النَّمْلُ ادْخُلُوا مَساكِنَكُمْ لا يَحْطِمَنَّكُمْ سُلَيْمانُ وَ جُنُودُهُ حَمَلَتِ الرِّيحُ صَوْتَ النَّمْلَةِ إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ وَ هُوَ مَارٌّ فِي الْهَوَاءِ وَ الرِّيحُ قَدْ حَمَلَتْهُ
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahab Al Qarshy, from Mansour Bin Abdullah al Isfahany, from Ali Bin Maraqiya Al Qazwiny, from Dawood Bin Suleyman Al Ghazy who said,
‘I heard Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws saying, from his-asws father-asws Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: So he smiled, laughing from its words [27:19], said: ‘When the ant said: ‘O you ants! Enter into your dwellings so Suleyman and his armies may not trample you while they are not aware!’ [27:18], the wind carried the voice of the ant to Suleyman-as, and he-as was passing (flying) in the air, and the wind was carrying him-as.
فَوَقَفَ وَ قَالَ عَلَيَّ بِالنَّمْلَةِ فَلَمَّا أُتِيَ بِهَا قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ يَا أَيَّتُهَا النَّمْلَةُ أَ مَا عَلِمْتِ أَنِّي نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ وَ أَنِّي لَا أَظْلِمُ أَحَداً قَالَتِ النَّمْلَةُ بَلَى
He-as paused and said: ‘To me-as, with the ant!’ When they came with it, Suleyman-as said: ‘But my-as father is Dawood-as’. The ant said, ‘Why did you-as add in your-as name, the letters of your-as father Dawood-as?’ Suleyman-as said: ‘O you ant! But, do you know that I-as am a Prophet-as, and I-as am not unjust to anyone?’ The ant said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ فَلِمَ حَذَّرْتِنِيهِمْ ظُلْمِي وَ قُلْتِ يا أَيُّهَا النَّمْلُ ادْخُلُوا مَساكِنَكُمْ قَالَتِ النَّمْلَةُ خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَنْظُرُوا إِلَى زِينَتِكَ فَيَفْتَتِنُوا بِهَا فَيَبْعُدُوا عَنِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ
Suleyman-as said: ‘Why did you caution them of my-as injustice by saying: ‘O you ants! Enter into your dwellings [27:18]?’ The ant said, ‘I feared that if they were to look at your-as adornments, then they would be tempted by it, and they would leave the Zikr of Allah-azwj, Exalted is His-azwj Mention’.
ثُمَّ قَالَتِ النَّمْلَةُ أَنْتَ أَكْبَرُ أَمْ أَبُوكَ دَاوُدُ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع بَلْ أَبِي دَاوُدُ قَالَتِ النَّمْلَةُ فَلِمَ زِيدَ فِي حُرُوفِ اسْمِكَ حَرْفٌ عَلَى حُرُوفِ اسْمِ أَبِيكَ دَاوُدَ
Then it said, ‘Are you-as greater or your-as father Dawood-as?’ Suleyman-as said: ‘But, my-as father Dawood (is greater)’. The ant said, ‘Then why did you-as add in the letters of your-as name, the letters of the name of your-as father Dawood-as?’
قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ مَا لِي بِهَذَا عِلْمٌ قَالَتِ النَّمْلَةُ لِأَنَّ أَبَاكَ دَاوُدَ دَاوَى جُرْحَهُ بِوُدٍّ فَسُمِّيَ دَاوُدَ وَ أَنْتَ يَا سُلَيْمَانُ أَرْجُو أَنْ تَلْحَقَ بِأَبِيكَ
Suleyman-as said: ‘There is no knowledge of this with me-as’. The ant said, ‘Because your-as father Dawood-as, his-as wound was cured (Daawy) with cordiality, thus he-as was named Dawood, while you-as – O Suleyman-as – hope to join with your-as father-as’.
ثُمَّ قَالَتِ النَّمْلَةُ هَلْ تَدْرِي لِمَ سُخِّرَتْ لَكَ الرِّيحُ مِنْ بَيْنِ سَائِرِ الْمَمْلَكَةِ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ مَا لِي بِهَذَا عِلْمٌ
Then the ant said, ‘Do you-as know why the wind is not Made to be subservient to you-as in the rest of the kingdom?’ Suleyman-as said: ‘There is no knowledge of this with me-as’.
قَالَتِ النَّمْلَةُ يَعْنِي عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِذَلِكَ لَوْ سَخَّرْتُ لَكَ جَمِيعَ الْمَمْلَكَةِ كَمَا سَخَّرْتُ لَكَ هَذِهِ الرِّيحَ لَكَانَ زَوَالُهَا مِنْ يَدِكَ كَزَوَالِ الرِّيحِ فَحِينَئِذٍ تَبَسَّمَ ضاحِكاً مِنْ قَوْلِها
The ant said, ‘What the Mighty and Majestic Means by that is that, had He-azwj Made subservient to you-as the whole of the kingdom, just as He-azwj Made subservient to you, this wind, it would go away from you-as like the going away of the wind’. This is where Suleyman-as smiled, laughing from its words [27:19]’’.[116]
3- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ ع خَرَجَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ مَعَ أَصْحَابِهِ لِيَسْتَسْقِيَ فَوَجَدَ نَمْلَةً قَدْ رَفَعَتْ قَائِمَةً مِنْ قَوَائِمِهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ هِيَ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا خَلْقٌ مِنْ خَلْقِكَ لَا غِنَى بِنَا عَنْ رِزْقِكَ فَلَا تُهْلِكْنَا بِذُنُوبِ بَنِي آدَمَ فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع لِأَصْحَابِهِ ارْجِعُوا لَقَدْ سُقِيتُمْ بِغَيْرِكُمْ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – By his chain to Hafs Bin Giyas,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Suleyman-as Ibn Dawood-as went out one day with his-as companions in order to pray for rain, and he-as found an ant which had raised its head from its body towards the sky and it was saying, ‘O Allah-azwj! I am a creature from Your-azwj creatures! Enrich us from Your-azwj sustenance, and do not Destroy us due to the sins of the sons of Adam-as’. Suleyman-as said to his-as companions: ‘Return, for you will be quenched due to someone else’’.[117]
Notes –
أقول رَوَى الْبُرْسِيُّ فِي مَشَارِقِ الْأَنْوَارِ أَنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع كَانَ سِمَاطُهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ سَبْعَةَ أَكْرَارٍ فَخَرَجَتْ دَابَّةٌ مِنْ دَوَابِّ الْبَحْرِ يَوْماً وَ قَالَتْ يَا سُلَيْمَانُ أَضِفْنِي الْيَوْمَ
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by Al Bursy in ‘Mashariq Al Anwaar’ –
‘Suleyman-as, his-as daily banquet was of seven great measures. A creature from creatures of the sea emerged one day and said, ‘O Suleyman-as! Host me today’.
فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُجْمَعَ لَهَا مِقْدَارُ سِمَاطِهِ شَهْراً فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ وَ صَارَ كَالَجَبَلِ الْعَظِيمِ أَخْرَجَتِ الْحُوتُ رَأْسَهَا وَ ابْتَلَعَتْهُ وَ قَالَتْ يَا سُلَيْمَانُ أَيْنَ تَمَامُ قُوتِيَ الْيَوْمَ هَذَا بَعْضُ قُوتِي
He-as ordered to gather a month’s measure for it. When that was gathered at the coast of the sea and became like the large mountain, the whale emerged its heard and swallowed it and said, ‘O Suleyman-as! Where is my complete daily subsistence of this day? This is (only) part of my daily subsistence!’
فَعَجِبَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع فَقَالَ لَهَا هَلْ فِي الْبَحْرِ دَابَّةٌ مِثْلُكِ
Suleyman-as was astonished. He-as said to it: ‘Is there any creature like you in the ocean?’
فَقَالَتْ أَلْفُ أُمَّةٍ
It said, ‘A thousand communities!’
فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ الْمَلِكِ الْعَظِيمِ
Suleyman-as said: ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj, the Magnificent King!’’
وَ رَوَى غَيْرُهُ أَنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع رَأَى عُصْفُوراً يَقُولُ لِعُصْفُورَةٍ لِمَ تَمْنَعِينَ نَفْسَكِ مِنِّي وَ لَوْ شِئْتُ أَخَذْتُ قُبَّةَ سُلَيْمَانَ بِمِنْقَارِي فَأَلْقَيْتُهَا فِي الْبَحْرِ
And it is reported by others that Suleyman-as saw a male sparrow saying to a female sparrow, ‘Why are you preventing yourself from me, and had I so desired, I could take the dome of Suleyman-as in my beak and throw it into the sea?’
فَتَبَسَّمَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع مِنْ كَلَامِهِ ثُمَّ دَعَاهُمَا وَ قَالَ لِلْعُصْفُورِ أَ تُطِيقُ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ
Suleyman-as smiled from its speech, then called them both and said to the male sparrow: ‘Can you endure doing that?’
فَقَالَ لَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ لَكِنَّ الْمَرْءَ قَدْ يُزَيِّنُ نَفْسَهُ وَ يُعَظِّمُهَا عِنْدَ زَوْجَتِهِ وَ الْمُحِبُّ لَا يُلَامُ عَلَى مَا يَقُولُ
It said, ‘No, O Messenger-as of Allah-azwj! But the man tends to adorn himself and magnify in the presence of his wife, and the lover cannot be blamed upon what he says’.
فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع لِلْعُصْفُورَةِ لِمَ تَمْنَعِينَهُ مِنْ نَفْسِكِ وَ هُوَ يُحِبُّكِ
Suleyman-as said to the female sparrow: ‘Why did you prevent him from yourself and he loves you?’
فَقَالَتْ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مُحِبّاً وَ لَكِنَّهُ مُدَّعٍ لِأَنَّهُ يُحِبُّ مَعِي غَيْرِي
It said, ‘O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj! He isn’t a lover, but he is a claimant, because he loves someone else along with me!’
فَأَثَّرَ كَلَامُ الْعُصْفُورَةِ فِي قَلْبِ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ بَكَى بُكَاءً شَدِيداً وَ احْتَجَبَ عَنِ النَّاسِ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً يَدْعُو اللَّهَ أَنْ يُفَرِّغَ قَلْبَهُ لِمَحَبَّتِهِ وَ أَنْ لَا يُخَالِطَهَا بِمَحَبَّةِ غَيْرِهِ
The speech of the female sparrow had an impact in the heart of Suleyman-as, and he-as cried an intense crying and veiled from the people for forty days supplicating to Allah-azwj to free his-as heart for his-as Beloved, and he would not mingle it with the love of someone else’.
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ ع سَمِعَ يَوْماً عُصْفُوراً يَقُولُ لِزَوْجَتِهِ ادْنِي مِنِّي حَتَّى أُجَامِعَكِ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُنَا وَلَداً يَذْكُرُ اللَّهَ فَإِنَّا كَبِرْنَا فَتَعَجَّبَ سُلَيْمَانُ مِنْ كَلَامِهِ وَ قَالَ هَذِهِ النِّيَّةُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مَمْلَكَتِي
And it is reported that one day he heard a male sparrow saying to its spouse, ‘Come close to me until I union with you, perhaps Allah-azwj will Grace us a child who will do Zikr of Allah-azwj for we are getting old!’ Suleyman-as was astounded from its speech and said: ‘This intention is better than my-as kingdom!’
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ أَنَّهُ صَاحَ دُرَّاجٌ عِنْدَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ع فَقَالَ أَ تَدْرُونَ مَا يَقُولُ قَالُوا لَا قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ يَقُولُ الرَّحْمنُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوى
And it is reported from Mak’houl – ‘A Frankolin (bird) called out in the presence of Suleyman Bin Dawood-as. He-as said: ‘Do you know what it said?’ They said, ‘No’. He-as said: ‘It said, ‘The Beneficent, Established upon the Throne [20:5]’.
4 دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، ذَكَرُوا أَنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع كَانَ جَالِساً عَلَى شَاطِئِ بَحْرٍ فَبَصُرَ بِنَمْلَةٍ تَحْمِلُ حَبَّةَ قَمْحٍ تَذْهَبُ بِهَا نَحْوَ الْبَحْرِ فَجَعَلَ سُلَيْمَانُ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا حَتَّى بَلَغَتِ الْمَاءَ فَإِذَا بِضِفْدِعَةٍ قَدْ أَخْرَجَتْ رَأْسَهَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ فَفَتَحَتْ فَاهَا فَدَخَلَتِ النَّمْلَةُ فَاهَا وَ غَاصَتِ الضِّفْدِعَةُ فِي الْبَحْرِ سَاعَةً طَوِيلَةً وَ سُلَيْمَانُ يَتَفَكَّرُ فِي ذَلِكَ مُتَعَجِّباً
‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy – They mentioned that Suleyman-as was seated upon the coast of a sea and he-as sighted an ant carrying a grain of wheat going with it towards the sea. Suleyman-as went on looking at it until it reached the water. There was a frog which had emerged its head from the water. It opened its mouth. The ant entered its mouth, and the frog dived into the sea for a long time, and Suleyman-as pondered regarding that in astonishment.
ثُمَّ إِنَّهَا خَرَجَتْ مِنَ الْمَاءِ وَ فَتَحَتْ فَاهَا فَخَرَجَتِ النَّمْلَةُ مِنْ فِيهَا وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهَا الْحَبَّةُ فَدَعَاهَا سُلَيْمَانُ ع وَ سَأَلَهَا عَنْ حَالِهَا وَ شَأْنِهَا وَ أَيْنَ كَانَتْ
Then it emerged from the water and opened its mouth. The ant came out from its mouth and the grain wasn’t with it. Suleyman-as called it and asked it about its situation and its affair and where it had been.
فَقَالَتْ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إِنَّ فِي قَعْرِ هَذَا الْبَحْرِ الَّذِي تَرَاهُ صَخْرَةً مُجَوَّفَةً وَ فِي جَوْفِهَا دُودَةٌ عَمْيَاءُ وَ قَدْ خَلَقَهَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هُنَالِكَ فَلَا تَقْدِرُ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مِنْهَا لِطَلَبِ مَعَاشِهَا وَ قَدْ وَكَّلَنِيَ اللَّهُ بِرِزْقِهَا فَأَنَا أَحْمِلُ رِزْقَهَا وَ سَخَّرَ اللَّهُ هَذِهِ الضِّفْدِعَةَ لِتَحْمِلَنِي فَلَا يَضُرُّنِي الْمَاءُ فِي فِيهَا وَ تَضَعُ فَاهَا عَلَى ثَقْبِ الصَّخْرَةِ وَ أَدْخُلُهَا ثُمَّ إِذَا أَوْصَلْتُ رِزْقَهَا إِلَيْهَا خَرَجْتُ مِنْ ثَقْبِ الصَّخْرَةِ إِلَى فِيهَا فَتُخْرِجُنِي مِنَ الْبَحْرِ
It said, ‘O Prophet-as of Allah-azwj! In the bottom of this sea which you see, there is a hollow rock and in its interior there is a blind creature, and Allah-azwj the Exalted has Created it over them, so it is not able upon coming out from it to seek its livelihood, and Allah-azwj has Allocate me so sustain it. I carry its sustenance and Allah-azwj Subdues this frog to carry me, so the water does not harm me in being inside its mouth, and it places its mouth upon the hole of the rock and I enter it. Then, when I have delivered its sustenance to it, I come out from the hole of the rock to its mouth, and it bring me out from the sea’.
قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع وَ هَلْ سَمِعْتِ لَهَا مِنْ تَسْبِيحَةٍ
Suleyman-as said: ‘And did you hear any glorification from it?’
قَالَتْ نَعَمْ تَقُولُ يَا مَنْ لَا يَنْسَانِي فِي جَوْفِ هَذِهِ الصَّخْرَةِ تَحْتَ هَذِهِ اللُّجَّةِ بِرِزْقِكَ لَا تَنْسَ عِبَادَكَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِرَحْمَتِكَ
It said, ‘Yes. It said, ‘O One Who does not Forget me in the interior of this rock under this depth with Your-azwj sustenance! Do not Forget Your-azwj believing servants with Your-azwj servants!’ [118]
باب 8 تفسير قوله تعالى فَطَفِقَ مَسْحاً بِالسُّوقِ وَ الْأَعْناقِ و قوله عز و جل وَ أَلْقَيْنا عَلى كُرْسِيِّهِ جَسَداً ثُمَّ أَنابَ
CHAPTER 8 – INTERPRETATION OF THE WORDS OF THE EXALTED: Then he began to wipe the legs and the necks [38:33]; AND THE WORDS OF THE MIGHTY AND MAJESTIC: and We Placed a body upon his throne, then he repented [38:34]
الآيات ص وَ وَهَبْنا لِداوُدَ سُلَيْمانَ نِعْمَ الْعَبْدُ إِنَّهُ أَوَّابٌ
The Verses – (Surah) Suad: And We Granted Suleyman to Dawood, the excellent servant. He was penitent [38:30]
إِذْ عُرِضَ عَلَيْهِ بِالْعَشِيِّ الصَّافِناتُ الْجِيادُ
When there were displayed to him in the evening, the well-bred steeds [38:31]
فَقالَ إِنِّي أَحْبَبْتُ حُبَّ الْخَيْرِ عَنْ ذِكْرِ رَبِّي حَتَّى تَوارَتْ بِالْحِجابِ
So he said: ‘I loved the love of good things from the Zikr of my Lord, until it (sun) disappeared in the veil [38:32]
رُدُّوها عَلَيَّ فَطَفِقَ مَسْحاً بِالسُّوقِ وَ الْأَعْناقِ
Return it unto me!’ Then he began to wipe the legs and the necks [38:33]
وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا سُلَيْمانَ وَ أَلْقَيْنا عَلى كُرْسِيِّهِ جَسَداً ثُمَّ أَنابَ
And We Tested Suleyman, and We Placed a body upon his throne, then he repented [38:34]
1- فس، تفسير القمي قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ وَهَبْنا لِداوُدَ سُلَيْمانَ نِعْمَ الْعَبْدُ إِنَّهُ أَوَّابٌ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ حَتَّى تَوارَتْ بِالْحِجابِ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع كَانَ يُحِبُّ الْخَيْلَ وَ يَسْتَعْرِضُهَا فَعُرِضَتْ عَلَيْهِ يَوْماً إِلَى أَنْ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَ فَاتَتْهُ صَلَاةُ الْعَصْرِ فَاغْتَمَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ غَمّاً شَدِيداً فَدَعَا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ الشَّمْسَ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَ الْعَصْرَ فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ عَلَيْهِ الشَّمْسَ إِلَى وَقْتِ صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ حَتَّى صَلَّاهَا ثُمَّ دَعَا بِالْخَيْلِ فَأَقْبَلَ يَضْرِبُ أَعْنَاقَهَا وَ سُوقَهَا بِالسَّيْفِ حَتَّى قَتَلَهَا كُلَّهَا وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ اسْمُهُ رُدُّوها عَلَيَّ فَطَفِقَ مَسْحاً بِالسُّوقِ وَ الْأَعْناقِ وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا سُلَيْمانَ وَ أَلْقَيْنا عَلى كُرْسِيِّهِ جَسَداً ثُمَّ أَنابَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْوَهَّابُ وَ هُوَ أَنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ بِالْيَمَانِيَّةِ وُلِدَ مِنْهَا ابْنٌ وَ كَانَ يُحِبُّهُ فَنَزَلَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ عَلَى سُلَيْمَانَ وَ كَانَ كَثِيراً مَا يَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى ابْنِهِ نَظَراً حَدِيداً فَفَزِعَ سُلَيْمَانُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِأُمِّهِ إِنَّ مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ نَظَرَ إِلَى ابْنِي نَظْرَةً أَظُنُّهُ قَدْ أُمِرَ بِقَبْضِ رُوحِهِ فَقَالَ لِلْجِنِّ وَ الشَّيَاطِينِ هَلْ لَكُمْ حِيلَةٌ فِي أَنْ تُفِرُّوهُ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ أَنَا أَضَعُهُ تَحْتَ عَيْنِ الشَّمْسِ فِي الْمَشْرِقِ فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ إِنَّ مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ يُخْرِجُ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ فَقَالَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ أَنَا أَضَعُهُ فِي الْأَرَضِينَ السَّابِعَةِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ يَبْلُغُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ آخَرُ أَنَا أَضَعُهُ فِي السَّحَابِ وَ الْهَوَاءِ فَرَفَعَهُ وَ وَضَعَهُ فِي السَّحَابِ فَجَاءَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَقَبَضَ رُوحَهُ فِي السَّحَابِ فَوَقَعَ مَيِّتاً عَلَى كُرْسِيِّ سُلَيْمَانَ فَعَلِمَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَخْطَأَ فَحَكَى اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ أَلْقَيْنا عَلى كُرْسِيِّهِ جَسَداً ثُمَّ أَنابَ فَقَالَ رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَ هَبْ لِي مُلْكاً لا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْوَهَّابُ فَسَخَّرْنا لَهُ الرِّيحَ تَجْرِي بِأَمْرِهِ رُخاءً حَيْثُ أَصابَ وَ الرُّخَاءُ اللَّيِّنَةُ وَ الشَّياطِينَ كُلَّ بَنَّاءٍ وَ غَوَّاصٍ أَيْ فِي الْبَحْرِ وَ آخَرِينَ مُقَرَّنِينَ فِي الْأَصْفادِ يَعْنِي مُقَيَّدِينَ قَدْ شُدَّ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ وَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ عَصَوْا سُلَيْمَانَ ع حِينَ سَلَبَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مُلْكَهُ وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع جَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مُلْكَ سُلَيْمَانَ ع فِي خَاتَمِهِ فَكَانَ إِذَا لَبِسَهُ حَضَرَتْهُ الْجِنُّ وَ الْإِنْسُ وَ الشَّيَاطِينُ وَ جَمِيعُ الطَّيْرِ وَ الْوَحْشِ وَ أَطَاعُوهُ فَيَقْعُدُ عَلَى كُرْسِيِّهِ وَ يَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رِيحاً تَحْمِلُ الْكُرْسِيَّ بِجَمِيعِ مَا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الشَّيَاطِينِ وَ الطَّيْرِ وَ الْإِنْسِ وَ الدَّوَابِّ وَ الْخَيْلِ فَتَمُرُّ بِهَا فِي الْهَوَاءِ إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ يُرِيدُهُ سُلَيْمَانُ ع وَ كَانَ يُصَلِّي الْغَدَاةَ بِالشَّامِ وَ الظُّهْرَ بِفَارِسَ وَ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ الشَّيَاطِينَ أَنْ يَحْمِلُوا الْحِجَارَةَ مِنْ فَارِسَ يَبِيعُونَهَا بِالشَّامِ فَلَمَّا مَسَحَ أَعْنَاقَ الْخَيْلِ وَ سُوقَهَا بِالسَّيْفِ سَلَبَهُ اللَّهُ مُلْكَهُ وَ كَانَ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْخَلَاءَ دَفَعَ خَاتَمَهُ إِلَى بَعْضِ مَنْ يَخْدُمُهُ فَجَاءَ شَيْطَانٌ فَخَدَعَ خَادِمَهُ وَ أَخَذَ مِنْ يَدِهِ الْخَاتَمَ وَ لَبِسَهُ فَخَرَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الشَّيَاطِينُ وَ الْجِنُّ وَ الْإِنْسُ وَ الطَّيْرُ وَ الْوَحْشُ وَ خَرَجَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع فِي طَلَبِ الْخَاتَمِ فَلَمْ يَجِدْهُ فَهَرَبَ وَ مَرَّ عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ وَ أَنْكَرَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ الشَّيْطَانَ الَّذِي تَصَوَّرَ فِي صُورَةِ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ صَارُوا إِلَى أُمِّهِ فَقَالُوا لَهَا أَ تُنْكِرِينَ مِنْ سُلَيْمَانَ شَيْئاً فَقَالَتْ كَانَ أَبَرَّ النَّاسِ بِي وَ هُوَ الْيَوْمَ يَعْصِينِي وَ صَارُوا إِلَى جَوَارِيهِ وَ نِسَائِهِ وَ قَالُوا أَ تُنْكِرْنَ مِنْ سُلَيْمَانَ شَيْئاً قُلْنَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَأْتِينَا فِي الْحَيْضِ وَ هُوَ يَأْتِينَا فِي الْحَيْضِ فَلَمَّا خَافَ الشَّيْطَانُ أَنْ يَفْطُنُوا بِهِ أَلْقَى الْخَاتَمَ فِي الْبَحْرِ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ سَمَكَةً فَالْتَقَمَتْهُ وَ هَرَبَ الشَّيْطَانُ فَبَقُوا بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ يَطْلُبُونَ سُلَيْمَانَ ع أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً وَ كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع يَمُرُّ عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ تَائِباً إِلَى اللَّهِ مِمَّا كَانَ مِنْهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً مَرَّ بِصَيَّادٍ يَصِيدُ السَّمَكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أُعِينُكَ عَلَى أَنْ تُعْطِيَنِي مِنِ السَّمَكِ شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَعَانَهُ سُلَيْمَانُ ع فَلَمَّا اصْطَادَ دَفَعَ إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ ع سَمَكَةً فَأَخَذَهَا فَشَقَّ بَطْنَهَا وَ ذَهَبَ يَغْسِلُهَا فَوَجَدَ الْخَاتَمَ فِي بَطْنِهَا فَلَبِسَهُ وَ حَوَتْ عَلَيْهِ الشَّيَاطِينُ وَ الْجِنُّ وَ الْإِنْسُ وَ الطَّيْرُ وَ الْوُحُوشُ وَ رَجَعَ إِلَى مَا كَانَ وَ طَلَبَ ذَلِكَ الشَّيْطَانَ وَ جُنُودَهُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا مَعَهُ فَقَيَّدَهُمْ وَ حَبَسَ بَعْضَهُمْ فِي جَوْفِ الْمَاءِ وَ بَعْضَهُمْ فِي جَوْفِ الصَّخْرِ بِأَسَامِي اللَّهِ فَهُمْ مَحْبُوسُونَ مُعَذَّبُونَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ قَالَ وَ لَمَّا رَجَعَ سُلَيْمَانُ إِلَى مُلْكِهِ قَالَ لِآصَفَ بْنِ بَرْخِيَا وَ كَانَ آصَفُ كَاتِبَ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ هُوَ الَّذِي كَانَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمٌ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ قَدْ عَذَرْتُ النَّاسَ بِجَهَالَتِهِمْ فَكَيْفَ أَعْذِرُكَ فَقَالَ لَا تَعْذِرُنِي فَلَقَدْ عَرَفْتُ الْحُوتَ الَّذِي أَخَذَ خَاتَمَكَ وَ أَبَاهُ وَ أُمَّهُ وَ عَمَّهُ وَ خَالَهُ وَ لَقَدْ قَالَ لِي اكْتُبْ لِي فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ قَلَمِي لَا يَجْرِي بِالْجَوْرِ فَقَالَ اجْلِسْ وَ لَا تَكْتُبْ فَكُنْتُ أَجْلِسُ وَ لَا أَكْتُبُ شَيْئاً وَ لَكِنْ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْكَ يَا سُلَيْمَانُ صِرْتَ تُحِبُّ الْهُدْهُدَ وَ هُوَ أَخَسُ الطَّيْرِ مُنْتِناً وَ أَخْبَثُهُ رِيحاً قَالَ إِنَّهُ يُبْصِرُ الْمَاءَ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الصَّفَا الْأَصَمِّ فَقَالَ وَ كَيْفَ يُبْصِرُ الْمَاءَ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الصَّفَا وَ إِنَّمَا يُوَارَى عَنْهُ الْفَخُّ بِكَفٍّ مِنْ تُرَابٍ حَتَّى يَأْخُذُ بِعَقِبِهِ فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ قِفْ يَا وَقَّافُ إِنَّهُ إِذَا جَاءَ الْقَدَرُ حَالَ دُونَ الْبَصَر
(opinion)[119]
Notes –
Al-Sadouq said in ‘Al Faqeeh’, ‘Zurara and Al Fuzeyl said,
‘We said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘What is your view of the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Surely the Salat was always a timed Ordinance for the Momineen [4:103]?’
قَالَ الصَّدُوقُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فِي الْفَقِيهِ، قَالَ زُرَارَةُ وَ الْفُضَيْلُ قُلْنَا لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ رَأَيْتَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّ الصَّلاةَ كانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتاباً مَوْقُوتاً قَالَ يَعْنِي كِتَاباً مَفْرُوضاً وَ لَيْسَ يَعْنِي وَقْتَ فَوْتِهَا إِنْ جَازَ ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتُ ثُمَّ صَلَّاهَا لَمْ تَكُنْ صَلَاةً مُؤَدَّاةً وَ لَوْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ كَذَلِكَ لَهَلَكَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع حِينَ صَلَّاهَا بِغَيْرِ وَقْتِهَا وَ لَكِنَّهُ مَتَى ذَكَرَهَا صَلَّاهَا
He-asws said: ‘It means an obligatory Ordinance, and its doesn’t mean that if that time surpasses that it is void. Then he can pray it, (but) it would not be a Salat prayed on time; and had that been like that Suleyman Bin Dawood-as would have been destroyed when he-as had prayed it in other than its timing. But, whenever you remember it, pray it’.
وَ الصَّحِيحُ فِي ذَلِكَ مَا رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ ع عُرِضَ عَلَيْهِ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ بِالْعَشِيِّ الْخَيْلُ فَاشْتَغَلَ بِالنَّظَرِ إِلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَوارَتْ الشَّمْسُ بِالْحِجابِ فَقَالَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ رُدُّوا الشَّمْسَ عَلَيَّ حَتَّى أُصَلِّيَ صَلَاتِي فِي وَقْتِهَا
And the correct regarding that is what is reported from Al-Sadiq-asws, he said: ‘Suleyman Bin Dawood-as, one day the cavalry horses were presented to him. He-as got pre-occupied with looking at them until the sun was covered with the veil (sunset). He-as said to the Angels: ‘Return the sun unto me until I-as pray my Salat in its timing!’
فَرَدُّوهَا فَقَامَ فَطَفِقَ مَسْحَ سَاقَيْهِ وَ عُنُقِهِ وَ أَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ الَّذِينَ فَاتَتْهُمُ الصَّلَاةُ مَعَهُ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ وُضُوءَهُمْ لِلصَّلَاةِ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَصَلَّى
They returned it. He-as stood up, wiped his-as leg and his neck, and instructed his-as companions, those whose Salat had been missed with him-as, with doing similar to that, and that was their ablution for the Salat. Then he-as stood and prayed.
فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَ طَلَعَتِ النُّجُومُ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ وَهَبْنا لِداوُدَ سُلَيْمانَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَطَفِقَ مَسْحاً بِالسُّوقِ وَ الْأَعْناقِ
When he-as was free, the sun set and the stars emerged, and that is the Word of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And We Granted Suleyman to Dawood, the excellent servant. He was penitent [38:30] – up to His-azwj Words: Then he began to wipe the legs and the necks [38:33]’.
وَ رَوَى الطَّبْرِسِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَلِيّاً ع عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فَقَالَ مَا بَلَغَكَ فِيهَا يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقُلْتُ سَمِعْتُ كَعْباً يَقُولُ اشْتَغَلَ سُلَيْمَانُ بِعَرْضِ الْأَفْرَاسِ حَتَّى فَاتَتْهُ الصَّلَاةُ فَقَالَ رُدُّوها عَلَيَ يَعْنِي الْأَفْرَاسَ وَ كَانَتْ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ فَأَمَرَ بِضَرْبِ سُوقِهَا وَ أَعْنَاقِهَا بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَتَلَهَا فَسَلَبَهُ اللَّهُ مُلْكَهُ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً لِأَنَّهُ ظَلَمَ الْخَيْلَ بِقَتْلِهَا
And it is reported by Al Tabarsee, from Ibn Abbas, he said, ‘I asked Ali-asws about this Verse. He-asws said: ‘What has reached you regarding it, O Ibn Abbas?’
I said, ‘I heard Ka’ab (the Rabbi) saying Suleyman-as was pre-occupied with presentation of the horses until the Salat was missed by him-as! He-as said: ‘Return it unto me!’ [38:33], meaning the horses, and these were fourteen. He-as ordered with striking their legs and their necks with the sword and killed them. Therefore, Allah-azwj Confiscated his-as kingdom for fourteen days because he-as had been unjust to the horses by killing them’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع كَذَبَ كَعْبٌ لَكِنِ اشْتَغَلَ سُلَيْمَانُ بِعَرْضِ الْأَفْرَاسِ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ لِأَنَّهُ أَرَادَ جِهَادَ الْعَدُوِّ حَتَّى تَوارَتْ الشَّمْسُ بِالْحِجابِ فَقَالَ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ الْمُوَكَّلِينَ بِالشَّمْسِ رُدُّوها عَلَيَ فَرُدَّتْ فَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ فِي وَقْتِهَا وَ إِنَّ أَنْبِيَاءَ اللَّهِ لَا يَظْلِمُونَ وَ لَا يَأْمُرُونَ بِالظُّلْمِ لِأَنَّهُمْ مَعْصُومُونَ مُطَهَّرُونَ
Ali-asws said: ‘Ka’ab has lied! But, Suleyman-as was pre-occupied with the presentation of the (cavalry) horses one day because he-as had intended to battle the enemies until the sun was covered by the veil (sunset). He-as said by the Command of Allah-azwj the Exalted to the Angels allocated with the sun: ‘Return it unto me!’ [38:33]. It was returned, and he-as prayed Al Asr in its timing, and surely the Prophets-as of Allah-azwj are neither unjust nor do they instruct with the injustice because they are infallible, pure!’’
باب 9 قصته عليه السلام مع بلقيس
CHAPTER 9 – HIS-as STORY WITH BILQUEES
الآيات النمل وَ تَفَقَّدَ الطَّيْرَ فَقالَ ما لِيَ لا أَرَى الْهُدْهُدَ أَمْ كانَ مِنَ الْغائِبِينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Naml: And he surveyed the birds, so he said, ‘What is the matter I cannot see the hoopoe, or was it from the absentees? [27:20]
لَأُعَذِّبَنَّهُ عَذاباً شَدِيداً أَوْ لَأَذْبَحَنَّهُ أَوْ لَيَأْتِيَنِّي بِسُلْطانٍ مُبِينٍ
I will either punish it with a severe punishment, or I shall slaughter it, or it should come to me with a clear authorisation’ (for its absence) [27:21]
فَمَكَثَ غَيْرَ بَعِيدٍ فَقالَ أَحَطْتُ بِما لَمْ تُحِطْ بِهِ وَ جِئْتُكَ مِنْ سَبَإٍ بِنَبَإٍ يَقِينٍ
But he (hoopoe) did not remain (absent) for long, and it said, ‘I have encompassed what you did not encompass with, and I come to you from Saba with certain news [27:22]
إِنِّي وَجَدْتُ امْرَأَةً تَمْلِكُهُمْ وَ أُوتِيَتْ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَ لَها عَرْشٌ عَظِيمٌ
I found a woman ruling them, and she has been given from everything, and for her is a magnificent throne [27:23]
وَجَدْتُها وَ قَوْمَها يَسْجُدُونَ لِلشَّمْسِ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَ زَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطانُ أَعْمالَهُمْ فَصَدَّهُمْ عَنِ السَّبِيلِ فَهُمْ لا يَهْتَدُونَ
I found her and her people doing Sajdah to the sun instead of Allah, and the Satan has adorned their deeds for them. Thus, he blocked them from the Way, so they are not going aright [27:24]
أَلَّا يَسْجُدُوا لِلَّهِ الَّذِي يُخْرِجُ الْخَبْءَ فِي السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ يَعْلَمُ ما تُخْفُونَ وَ ما تُعْلِنُونَ
They are not doing Sajdah to Allah Who Extracts the cache in the skies and the earth, and He Knows what you are concealing and what you are proclaiming [27:25]
اللَّهُ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا هُوَ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ
Allah, there is no god except Him. He is Lord of the Magnificent Throne [27:26]
قالَ سَنَنْظُرُ أَ صَدَقْتَ أَمْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْكاذِبِينَ
He said: ‘We shall see whether you speak the truth or you are from the liars [27:27]
اذْهَبْ بِكِتابِي هذا فَأَلْقِهْ إِلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ تَوَلَّ عَنْهُمْ فَانْظُرْ ما ذا يَرْجِعُونَ
Go with this letter of mine and cast it to them, then turn back from them and see what their response is [27:28]
قالَتْ يا أَيُّهَا الْمَلَأُ إِنِّي أُلْقِيَ إِلَيَّ كِتابٌ كَرِيمٌ
She said, ‘O you Chiefs! There has been cast to me an honourable letter [27:29]
إِنَّهُ مِنْ سُلَيْمانَ وَ إِنَّهُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ
It is from Suleyman, and it is in the Name of Allah the Beneficent, the Merciful [27:30]
أَلَّا تَعْلُوا عَلَيَّ وَ أْتُونِي مُسْلِمِينَ
‘Do not exalt yourselves against me and come to be submissively’’ [27:31]
قالَتْ يا أَيُّهَا الْمَلَأُ أَفْتُونِي فِي أَمْرِي ما كُنْتُ قاطِعَةً أَمْراً حَتَّى تَشْهَدُونِ
She said, ‘O you Chiefs! Give me a verdict regarding my matter. I do not conclude a matter until you are present’ [27:32]
قالُوا نَحْنُ أُولُوا قُوَّةٍ وَ أُولُوا بَأْسٍ شَدِيدٍ وَ الْأَمْرُ إِلَيْكِ فَانْظُرِي ما ذا تَأْمُرِينَ
They said, ‘We are possessors of strength and possessors of mighty prowess, and the command is yours, therefore consider what you will command’ [27:33]
قالَتْ إِنَّ الْمُلُوكَ إِذا دَخَلُوا قَرْيَةً أَفْسَدُوها وَ جَعَلُوا أَعِزَّةَ أَهْلِها أَذِلَّةً وَ كَذلِكَ يَفْعَلُونَ
She said, ‘Surely, the kings, whenever they enter a town, they ruin it and make the noblest of its people to be its disgraced ones, and like that (is what) they would be doing [27:34]
وَ إِنِّي مُرْسِلَةٌ إِلَيْهِمْ بِهَدِيَّةٍ فَناظِرَةٌ بِمَ يَرْجِعُ الْمُرْسَلُونَ
And I am going to send a gift to them, then we shall see what the messengers return with’ [27:35]
فَلَمَّا جاءَ سُلَيْمانَ قالَ أَ تُمِدُّونَنِ بِمالٍ فَما آتانِيَ اللَّهُ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا آتاكُمْ بَلْ أَنْتُمْ بِهَدِيَّتِكُمْ تَفْرَحُونَ
So when he (the messenger) came, Suleyman said: ‘Are you trying to help me with wealth? What Allah has Given me is better than what He has Given you, but you are rejoicing with your gifts [27:36]
ارْجِعْ إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَنَأْتِيَنَّهُمْ بِجُنُودٍ لا قِبَلَ لَهُمْ بِها وَ لَنُخْرِجَنَّهُمْ مِنْها أَذِلَّةً وَ هُمْ صاغِرُونَ
Go back to them, and we will come to them with armies they will not be able to face, and we will expel them from it in disgrace, and they would be belittled!’ [27:37]
قالَ يا أَيُّهَا الْمَلَؤُا أَيُّكُمْ يَأْتِينِي بِعَرْشِها قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتُونِي مُسْلِمِينَ
He said: ‘O you chiefs! Which one of you can come to me with her throne before they come to me in submission?’ [27:38]
قالَ عِفْرِيتٌ مِنَ الْجِنِّ أَنَا آتِيكَ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقُومَ مِنْ مَقامِكَ وَ إِنِّي عَلَيْهِ لَقَوِيٌّ أَمِينٌ
A fierce one from the Jinn said, ‘I will come to you with it before you arise from your place, and I am strong upon it, reliable’ [27:39]
قالَ الَّذِي عِنْدَهُ عِلْمٌ مِنَ الْكِتابِ أَنَا آتِيكَ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَدَّ إِلَيْكَ طَرْفُكَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ مُسْتَقِرًّا عِنْدَهُ قالَ هذا مِنْ فَضْلِ رَبِّي لِيَبْلُوَنِي أَ أَشْكُرُ أَمْ أَكْفُرُ وَ مَنْ شَكَرَ فَإِنَّما يَشْكُرُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَ مَنْ كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ رَبِّي غَنِيٌّ كَرِيمٌ
The one with whom was the knowledge from the Book said, ‘I will come to you with it before your glance returns to you’. So when he saw it settled in his presence, he said: ‘This is from the Grace of my Lord to Try me whether I am grateful or ungrateful. And one who is grateful, so rather he is grateful for himself, and one who is ungrateful, so my Lord is Needless, Benevolent [27:40]
قالَ نَكِّرُوا لَها عَرْشَها نَنْظُرْ أَ تَهْتَدِي أَمْ تَكُونُ مِنَ الَّذِينَ لا يَهْتَدُونَ
He said: ‘Disguise her throne to her, we shall see whether she is rightly guided or happens to be from those who are not rightly guided’ [27:41]
فَلَمَّا جاءَتْ قِيلَ أَ هكَذا عَرْشُكِ قالَتْ كَأَنَّهُ هُوَ وَ أُوتِينَا الْعِلْمَ مِنْ قَبْلِها وَ كُنَّا مُسْلِمِينَ
So when she came, it was said, ‘Is your throne like this?’ She said, ‘As if it is it, and we were given the knowledge from before it, and we were submissive’ [27:42]
وَ صَدَّها ما كانَتْ تَعْبُدُ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ إِنَّها كانَتْ مِنْ قَوْمٍ كافِرِينَ
And it blocked her, what she used to worship from besides Allah. She was from a Kafir people [27:43]
قِيلَ لَهَا ادْخُلِي الصَّرْحَ فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ حَسِبَتْهُ لُجَّةً وَ كَشَفَتْ عَنْ ساقَيْها قالَ إِنَّهُ صَرْحٌ مُمَرَّدٌ مِنْ قَوارِيرَ قالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي وَ أَسْلَمْتُ مَعَ سُلَيْمانَ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ
It was said to her, ‘Enter the palace!’ So when she saw it, she reckoned it to be a pool and she uncovered from her leg. He said: ‘It is a palace of smoothened glass’. She said, ‘Lord! I have been unjust to myself, and I submit along with Suleyman to Allah, Lord of the worlds!’ [27:44].
1- ختص، الإختصاص أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ فَضَالَةُ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: مَا زَادَ الْعَالِمُ عَلَى النَّظَرِ إِلَى مَا خَلْفَهُ وَ مَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مَدَّ بَصَرِهِ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ ع ثُمَّ مَدَّ بِيَدِهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ مُمَثَّلٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ
Ahmad Bin Muhammad and Fazalat, from Aban, from Abu Baseer and Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The scholar (Aasif-as Bin Barkhiya-as) did not exceed in looking to what is behind him and what is in front of him to the extent of his sight, then he looked at Suleyman-as, then extended his hand, and there it was (Throne of Bilquees), resembled in front of him’’.[120]
2- وَ ذَكَرَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ مَا زَادَ صَاحِبُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَلَى أَنْ قَالَ بِإِصْبَعِهِ هَكَذَا فَإِذَا هُوَ قَدْ جَاءَ بَعَرْشِ صَاحِبَةِ سَبَإٍ
Ali Bin Mahziyar mentioned, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Hamad Bin Usman, from Zurara who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The companion of Suleyman-as (Aasif-as Bin Barkhiya-as) did not exceed upon that he (only) said with his fingers like this, and there he had already come with the Throne of the Queen of Saba’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ حُمْرَانُ كَيْفَ هَذَا أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَبِي كَانَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ طُوِيَتْ لَهُ إِذَا أَرَادَ طَوَاهَا
Humran said to him-asws, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! How can this be so?’ He-asws said: ‘My-asws father-asws was saying: ‘The ground folded for him-as whenever he-as wanted its folding’’.[121]
3- فس، تفسير القمي كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع إِذَا قَعَدَ عَلَى كُرْسِيِّهِ جَاءَتْ جَمِيعُ الطَّيْرِ الَّتِي سَخَّرَهَا اللَّهُ لِسُلَيْمَانَ فَتُظِلُّ الْكُرْسِيَّ وَ الْبِسَاطَ بِجَمِيعِ مَنْ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ فَغَابَ عَنْهُ الْهُدْهُدُ مِنْ بَيْنِ الطَّيْرِ فَوَقَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ مَوْضِعِهِ فِي حِجْرِ سُلَيْمَانَ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَ قَالَ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ ما لِيَ لا أَرَى الْهُدْهُدَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ بِسُلْطانٍ مُبِينٍ أَيْ بِحُجَّةٍ قَوِيَّةٍ فَلَمْ يَمْكُثْ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا إِذْ جَاءَ الْهُدْهُدُ فَقَالَ لَهُ سُلَيْمَانُ أَيْنَ كُنْتَ قَالَ أَحَطْتُ بِما لَمْ تُحِطْ بِهِ وَ جِئْتُكَ مِنْ سَبَإٍ بِنَبَإٍ يَقِينٍ أَيْ بِخَبَرٍ صَحِيحٍ إِنِّي وَجَدْتُ امْرَأَةً تَمْلِكُهُمْ وَ أُوتِيَتْ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَ هَذَا مِمَّا لَفْظُهُ عَامٌّ وَ مَعْنَاهُ خَاصٌّ لِأَنَّهَا لَمْ تُؤْتَ أَشْيَاءَ كَثِيرَةً مِنْهَا الذَّكَرُ وَ اللِّحْيَةُ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَجَدْتُها وَ قَوْمَها يَسْجُدُونَ لِلشَّمْسِ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَهُمْ لا يَهْتَدُونَ ثُمَّ قَالَ الْهُدْهُدُ أَلَّا يَسْجُدُوا لِلَّهِ الَّذِي يُخْرِجُ الْخَبْءَ فِي السَّماواتِ أَيِ الْمَطَرَ وَ فِي الْأَرْضِ النَّبَاتَ ثُمَّ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ سَنَنْظُرُ أَ صَدَقْتَ أَمْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْكاذِبِينَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ما ذا يَرْجِعُونَ فَقَالَ الْهُدْهُدُ إِنَّهَا فِي عَرْشٍ عَظِيمٍ أَيْ سَرِيرٍ فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ أَلْقِ الْكِتَابَ عَلَى قُبَّتِهَا فَجَاءَ الْهُدْهُدُ فَأَلْقَى الْكِتَابَ فِي حِجْرِهَا فَارْتَاعَتْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ جَمَعَتْ جُنُودَهَا وَ قَالَتْ لَهُمْ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ يا أَيُّهَا الْمَلَأُ إِنِّي أُلْقِيَ إِلَيَّ كِتابٌ كَرِيمٌ أَيْ مَخْتُومٌ إِنَّهُ مِنْ سُلَيْمانَ وَ إِنَّهُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ أَلَّا تَعْلُوا عَلَيَّ وَ أْتُونِي مُسْلِمِينَ أَيْ لَا تَتَكَبَّرُوا عَلَيَّ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ يا أَيُّهَا الْمَلَأُ أَفْتُونِي فِي أَمْرِي ما كُنْتُ قاطِعَةً أَمْراً حَتَّى تَشْهَدُونِ قالُوا لَهَا كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ نَحْنُ أُولُوا قُوَّةٍ وَ أُولُوا بَأْسٍ شَدِيدٍ وَ الْأَمْرُ إِلَيْكِ فَانْظُرِي ما ذا تَأْمُرِينَ فَقَالَتْ لَهُمْ إِنَّ الْمُلُوكَ إِذا دَخَلُوا قَرْيَةً أَفْسَدُوها وَ جَعَلُوا أَعِزَّةَ أَهْلِها أَذِلَّةً فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ كَذلِكَ يَفْعَلُونَ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا نَبِيّاً مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ كَمَا يَدَّعِي فَلَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُغْلَبُ وَ لَكِنْ سَأَبْعَثُ إِلَيْهِ بِهَدِيَّةٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَلِكاً يَمِيلُ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا قَبِلَهَا وَ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْنَا فَبَعَثَتْ إِلَيْهِ حُقّاً فِيهِ جَوْهَرَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ وَ قَالَتْ لِلرَّسُولِ قُلْ لَهُ يَثْقُبُ هَذِهِ الْجَوْهَرَةَ بِلَا حَدِيدٍ وَ لَا نَارٍ فَأَتَاهُ الرَّسُولُ بِذَلِكَ فَأَمَرَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع بَعْضَ جُنُودِهِ مِنَ الدِّيدَانِ فَأَخَذَ خَيْطاً فِي فَمِهِ ثُمَّ ثَقَبَهَا وَ أَخْرَجَ الْخَيْطَ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ وَ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ لِرَسُولِهَا فَما آتانِيَ اللَّهُ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا آتاكُمْ بَلْ أَنْتُمْ بِهَدِيَّتِكُمْ تَفْرَحُونَ ارْجِعْ إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَنَأْتِيَنَّهُمْ بِجُنُودٍ لا قِبَلَ لَهُمْ بِها أَيْ لَا طَاقَةَ وَ لَنُخْرِجَنَّهُمْ مِنْها أَذِلَّةً وَ هُمْ صاغِرُونَ فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهَا الرَّسُولُ فَأَخْبَرَهَا بِذَلِكَ وَ بِقُوَّةِ سُلَيْمَانَ فَعَلِمَتْ أَنَّهُ لَا مَحِيصَ لَهَا فَارْتَحَلَتْ وَ خَرَجَتْ نَحْوَ سُلَيْمَانَ فَلَمَّا أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ سُلَيْمَانَ بِإِقْبَالِهَا نَحْوَهُ قَالَ لِلْجِنِّ وَ الشَّيَاطِينِ أَيُّكُمْ يَأْتِينِي بِعَرْشِها قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتُونِي مُسْلِمِينَ قالَ عِفْرِيتٌ مِنَ عَفَارِيتِ الْجِنِّ أَنَا آتِيكَ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقُومَ مِنْ مَقامِكَ وَ إِنِّي عَلَيْهِ لَقَوِيٌّ أَمِينٌ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ أُرِيدُ أَسْرَعَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ آصَفُ بْنُ بَرْخِيَا أَنَا آتِيكَ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَدَّ إِلَيْكَ طَرْفُكَ فَدَعَا اللَّهَ بِاسْمِهِ الْأَعْظَمِ فَخَرَجَ السَّرِيرُ مِنْ تَحْتِ كُرْسِيِّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ع فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ نَكِّرُوا لَها عَرْشَها أَيْ غَيِّرُوهُ نَنْظُرْ أَ تَهْتَدِي أَمْ تَكُونُ مِنَ الَّذِينَ لا يَهْتَدُونَ فَلَمَّا جاءَتْ قِيلَ أَ هكَذا عَرْشُكِ قالَتْ كَأَنَّهُ هُوَ وَ كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ قَدْ أَمَرَ أَنْ يُتَّخَذَ لَهَا بَيْتٌ مِنْ قَوَارِيرَ وَ وَضَعَهُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ ثُمَ قِيلَ لَهَا ادْخُلِي الصَّرْحَ فَظَنَّتْ أَنَّهُ مَاءٌ فَرَفَعَتْ ثَوْبَهَا وَ أَبْدَتْ سَاقَيْهَا فَإِذَا عَلَيْهَا شَعْرٌ كَثِيرٌ فَقِيلَ لَهَا إِنَّهُ صَرْحٌ مُمَرَّدٌ مِنْ قَوارِيرَ قالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي وَ أَسْلَمْتُ مَعَ سُلَيْمانَ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ فَتَزَوَّجَهَا سُلَيْمَانُ وَ هِيَ بِلْقِيسُ بِنْتُ الشَّرْحِ الْجُبَيْرِيَّةُ وَ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ لِلشَّيَاطِينِ اتَّخِذُوا لَهَا شَيْئاً يُذْهِبُ هَذَا الشَّعْرَ عَنْهَا فَعَمِلُوا الْحَمَّامَاتِ وَ طَبَخُوا النُّورَةَ فَالْحَمَّامَاتُ وَ النُّورَةُ مِمَّا اتَّخَذَتْهُ الشَّيَاطِينُ لِبِلْقِيسَ وَ كَذَا الْأَرْحِيَةُ الَّتِي تَدُورُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع أُعْطِيَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع مَعَ عِلْمِهِ مَعْرِفَةَ الْمَنْطِقِ بِكُلِّ لِسَانٍ وَ مَعْرِفَةَ اللُّغَاتِ وَ مَنْطِقِ الطَّيْرِ وَ الْبَهَائِمِ وَ السِّبَاعِ فَكَانَ إِذَا شَاهَدَ الْحُرُوبَ تَكَلَّمَ بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ وَ إِذَا قَعَدَ لِعُمَّالِهِ وَ جُنُودِهِ وَ أَهْلِ مَمْلَكَتِهِ تَكَلَّمَ بِالرُّومِيَّةِ فَإِذَا خَلَا مَعَ نِسَائِهِ تَكَلَّمَ بِالسُّرْيَانِيَّةِ وَ النَّبَطِيَّةِ وَ إِذَا قَامَ فِي مِحْرَابِهِ لِمُنَاجَاةِ رَبِّهِ تَكَلَّمَ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ وَ إِذَا جَلَسَ لِلْوُفُودِ وَ الْخُصَمَاءِ تَكَلَّمَ بِالْعِبْرَانِيَّةِ قَوْلُهُ لَأُعَذِّبَنَّهُ عَذاباً شَدِيداً يَقُولُ لَأَنْتِفَنَّ رِيشَهُ قَوْلُهُ أَلَّا تَعْلُوا عَلَيَ يَقُولُ لَا تَعْظُمُوا عَلَيَّ قَوْلُهُ لا قِبَلَ لَهُمْ بِها يَقُولُ لَا طَاقَةَ لَهُمْ بِهَا وَ قَوْلُ سُلَيْمَانَ لِيَبْلُوَنِي أَ أَشْكُرُ الَّذِي آتَانِي مِنَ الْمُلْكِ أَمْ أَكْفُرُ إِذَا رَأَيْتُ مَنْ هُوَ دُونِي أَفْضَلَ مِنِّي عِلْماً فَعَزَمَ اللَّهُ لَهُ عَلَى الشُّكْرِ
(opinion)[122]
4- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي زَاهِرٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص وَرِثَ النَّبِيِّينَ كُلَّهُمْ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ مِنْ لَدُنْ آدَمَ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى نَفْسِهِ قَالَ مَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيّاً إِلَّا وَ مُحَمَّدٌ ص أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Abu Zahir, or someone else, from Muhammad Bin Hammad, from his father Ahmad Bin Hammad, from Ibrahim, from his father,
From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st, said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Inform me about the Prophet-saww. Did he-saww inherit the Prophets-as, all of them-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘From Adam-as until it ended to himself-saww?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj did not Send a Prophet-saww except that Muhammad-saww was more knowledgeable than him-as’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ ع كَانَ يُحْيِي الْمَوْتَى بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ وَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع كَانَ يَفْهَمُ مَنْطِقَ الطَّيْرِ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَقْدِرُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْمَنَازِلِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Isa-as Ibn Maryam-as used to revive the dead by the Permission of Allah-azwj’. He-asws said: ‘You speak the truth’. (I said), ‘And Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as used to understand the speech of the bird, and was Rasool-Allah-saww able to be upon this status?’
قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ ع قَالَ لِلْهُدْهُدِ حِينَ فَقَدَهُ وَ شَكَّ فِي أَمْرِهِ فَقَالَ ما لِيَ لا أَرَى الْهُدْهُدَ أَمْ كانَ مِنَ الْغائِبِينَ حِينَ فَقَدَهُ فَغَضِبَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَأُعَذِّبَنَّهُ عَذاباً شَدِيداً أَوْ لَأَذْبَحَنَّهُ أَوْ لَيَأْتِيَنِّي بِسُلْطانٍ مُبِينٍ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as said to the Hoopoe (bird) when he-as missed it and doubted regarding its matter, so he-as said [27:20] What is the matter that I cannot see the hoopoe or is it from the absentees?, when he-as missed it. So he-as was angry upon it, so he-as said: ‘[27:21] I will punish it with a severe punishment, or slaughter it, or it brings to me a clear authorisation (for its absence)’.
وَ إِنَّمَا غَضِبَ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَدُلُّهُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ فَهَذَا وَ هُوَ طَائِرٌ قَدْ أُعْطِيَ مَا لَمْ يُعْطَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَ قَدْ كَانَتِ الرِّيحُ وَ النَّمْلُ وَ الْجِنُّ وَ الْإِنْسُ وَ الشَّيَاطِينُ وَ الْمَرَدَةُ لَهُ طَائِعِينَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَعْرِفُ الْمَاءَ تَحْتَ الْهَوَاءِ وَ كَانَ الطَّيْرُ يَعْرِفُهُ
And rather, he-as was angry because it used to navigate for him upon the waters. This one, and it was a bird, and it had been Given what Suleyman-as had not been Given. And it was so that the wind, and the ant, and the humans, and the jinn, and the Satans-la were chained to him-asws in obedience, and he-as did not happen to recognise the water beneath the atmosphere, and the bird used to recognise it.
وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ قُرْآناً سُيِّرَتْ بِهِ الْجِبالُ أَوْ قُطِّعَتْ بِهِ الْأَرْضُ أَوْ كُلِّمَ بِهِ الْمَوْتى وَ قَدْ وَرِثْنَا نَحْنُ هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ الَّذِي فِيهِ مَا تُسَيَّرُ بِهِ الْجِبَالُ وَ تُقَطَّعُ بِهِ الْبُلْدَانُ وَ تُحْيَا بِهِ الْمَوْتَى وَ نَحْنُ نَعْرِفُ الْمَاءَ تَحْتَ الْهَوَاءِ وَ إِنَّ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ لَآيَاتٍ مَا يُرَادُ بِهَا أَمْرٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْذَنَ اللَّهُ بِهِ الْخَبَرَ
And Allah-azwj is Saying in His-azwj Book [13:31] And even if there were a Quran by which the mountains were made to pass away, or the earth were travelled over by it, or the dead were made to speak thereby, and we-asws have inherited this Quran wherein is what the mountains can be made to passed with, and the cities be made to travel with, and the dead to be revived with, and we-asws know the water beneath the atmosphere, and in the Book of Allah-azwj there are Verses what a matter can be intended with’ – the Hadeeth’.[123]
5- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى وَ غَيْرُهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ شُرَيْسٍ الْوَابِشِيِّ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اسْمَ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمَ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ حَرْفاً وَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ عِنْدَ آصَفَ مِنْهَا حَرْفٌ وَاحِدٌ فَتَكَلَّمَ بِهِ فَخُسِفَ بِالْأَرْضِ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ سَرِيرِ بِلْقِيسَ حَتَّى تَنَاوَلَ السَّرِيرَ بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ عَادَتِ الْأَرْضُ كَمَا كَانَتْ أَسْرَعَ مِنْ طَرْفَةِ الْعَيْنِ
‘Al Kai’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya and someone else, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzayl who said,
‘Shureys Al-Sabishy informed be, from Jabir, from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The Magnificent Name of Allah-azwj is upon seventy-three letters, and rather with Asif (Bin Barkhiya-as) was one letter. So he-as spoke with it, and the land which was between him-as and the throne of Bilquees submerged to the extent that he-as grabbed the throne by his-as hand. Then the land returned just as it had been, quicker than the blink of an eye.
وَ نَحْنُ عِنْدَنَا مِنَ الِاسْمِ الْأَعْظَمِ اثْنَانِ وَ سَبْعُونَ حَرْفاً وَ حَرْفٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى اسْتَأْثَرَ بِهِ فِي عِلْمِ الْغَيْبِ عِنْدَهُ وَ لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ
And we-asws, with us-asws are seventy two letters from the Magnificent Name, and one letter is in the Presence of Allah-azwj the Exalted, which He-azwj Accounts for the Knowledge of the unseen. And there is neither Might nor Strength except with Allah-azwj, the Exalted, the Magnificent’’.[124]
6- كا، الكافي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اسْمَ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمَ ثَلَاثَةٌ وَ سَبْعُونَ حَرْفاً كَانَ عِنْدَ آصَفَ حَرْفٌ فَتَكَلَّمَ بِهِ فَانْخَرَقَتْ لَهُ الْأَرْضُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ سَبَإٍ فَتَنَاوَلَ عَرْشَ بِلْقِيسَ حَتَّى صَيَّرَهُ إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ ثُمَّ انْبَسَطَتِ الْأَرْضُ فِي أَقَلَّ مِنْ طَرْفَةِ عَيْنٍ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad Al Ashary, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from Ali Bin Muhammad Al Nowfaly,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws, the owner of the army, said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘The Magnificent Name of Allah-azwj are seventy three letters. One letter was with Asif (Bin Barkhiya-as, successor-as of Suleyman-as). He-as spoke with it, and the land was folded for him, in what was between him-as and Saba (Sheba). He-as grabbed the throne of Bilquees until it came to be to Suleyman-as. Then the earth extended back in less than the blink of an eye’’.[125]
7- ير، بصائر الدرجات أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ أَبِي عُمَرَ الْجُلَّابِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اسْمَ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمَ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ حَرْفاً كَانَ عِنْدَ آصَفَ مِنْهَا حَرْفٌ وَاحِدٌ فَتَكَلَّمَ بِهِ فَخُسِفَ بِالْأَرْضِ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ سَرِيرِ بِلْقِيسَ ثُمَّ تَنَاوَلَ السَّرِيرَ بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ عَادَتِ الْأَرْضُ كَمَا كَانَ أَسْرَعَ مِنْ طَرْفَةِ عَيْنٍ وَ عِنْدَنَا نَحْنُ مِنَ الِاسْمِ اثْنَانِ وَ سَبْعُونَ حَرْفاً وَ حَرْفٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى اسْتَأْثَرَ بِهِ فِي عِلْمِ الْغَيْبِ الْمَكْتُوبِ عِنْدَهُ
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl, from Sa’ad AbuUmar Al Jalab,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Magnificent Name of Allah-azwj is upon seventy-three letters. There was one letter with Aasif-as and he-as spoke with it, so the ground what is between him-as and the throne of Bilquees collapsed, then he-as grabbed the throne by his-as hand, then the ground returned just as it was quicker than the blink of an eye, and with us-asws there are seventy-two letters from the Name, and one letter is with Allah-azwj the Exalted. He-azwj Chooses by it in the Knowledge of the unseen, the Prescribed with Him-azwj’’.[126]
8- ير، بصائر الدرجات أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُبْدُوسٍ الْخَلِيجِيِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ أَبِي عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اسْمَ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمَ عَلَى اثْنَيْنِ وَ سَبْعِينَ حَرْفاً وَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ عِنْدَ آصَفَ كَاتِبِ سُلَيْمَانَ ع وَ كَانَ يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ حَرْفٌ وَاحِدٌ أَلِفٌ أَوْ وَاوٌ فَتَكَلَّمَ فَانْخَرَقَتْ لَهُ الْأَرْضُ حَتَّى الْتَفَّتْ فَتَنَاوَلَ السَّرِيرَ وَ إِنَّ عِنْدَنَا مِنَ الِاسْمِ أَحَداً وَ سَبْعِينَ حَرْفاً وَ حَرْفٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ فِي غَيْبِهِ
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Ahmad Bin Musa, from Ahmad Bin Abdous Al Khaleybi, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Muhammad bin Al Fazeyl, from Sa’ad Abu Umar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Magnificent Name of Allah-azwj is upon seventy-two letters, and rather with Aasif-as was a book of Suleyman, and he-as had revealed one letter to him-as, ‘Alif’ or ‘Waw’. He-as spoke, the ground was punctured for him-as until it turned, and he-as grabbed the throne; and that with us-asws there are seventy-one letters, and one letter is with Allah-azwj in His-azwj unseen’’.[127]
9- ير، بصائر الدرجات مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ ضُرَيْسٍ الْوَابِشِيِّ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَوْلُ الْعَالِمِ أَنَا آتِيكَ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَدَّ إِلَيْكَ طَرْفُكَ
‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl, from Zareys, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-as! The words of the scholar, ‘I will come to you with it before your glance returns to you’ [27:40]’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ يَا جَابِرُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَعَلَ اسْمَهُ الْأَعْظَمَ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ حَرْفاً فَكَانَ عِنْدَ الْعَالِمِ مِنْهَا حَرْفٌ وَاحِدٌ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘O Jabir, Allah-azwj Made His-azwj Magnificent Name to be upon seventy-three Letters. There used to be with him (Aasif-as Bin Barkhiya-as) the knowledge of one of these letters.
فَانْخَسَفَتِ الْأَرْضُ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ السَّرِيرِ حَتَّى الْتَفَّتِ الْقِطْعَتَانِ وَ حُوِّلَ مِنْ هَذِهِ عَلَى هَذِهِ وَ عِنْدَنَا مِنِ اسْمِ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمِ اثْنَانِ وَ سَبْعُونَ حَرْفاً وَ حَرْفٌ فِي عِلْمِ الْغَيْبِ الْمَكْنُونِ عِنْدَهُ
The earth contracted between him and the throne of Bilquees, until the two met (and he-as grabbed the throne), and then it reverted to as it was before, whereas with us-asws, from the Magnificent Name of Allah-azwj, are seventy-two Letters, and one Letter regarding the knowledge of the unseen is hidden with Him-azwj’’.[128]
10- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بُنْدَارَ عَنِ السَّيَّارِيِّ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَنْ أَرَادَ الِاطِّلَاءَ بِالنُّورَةِ فَأَخَذَ مِنَ النُّورَةِ بِإِصْبَعِهِ فَشَمَّهُ وَ جَعَلَهُ عَلَى طَرَفِ أَنْفِهِ وَ قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ كَمَا أَمَرَنَا بِالنُّورَةِ لَمْ تُحْرِقْهُ النُّورَةُ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Bundar, form Al Sayyari, raising it, said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The one who wants the waxing with Al-Noura, so he should take from Al-Noura with his fingers, and paste it upon the sides of his nose and say, ‘May Allah-azwj Send Blessings upon Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as just as he-as ordered us with Al-Noura’, would not be burnt by Al-Noura’’.[129]
11- مل، كامل الزيارات أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْأَهْوَازِيِّ عَنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ صَاحِبَ سُلَيْمَانَ تَكَلَّمَ بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمِ فَخُسِفَ مَا بَيْنَ سَرِيرِ سُلَيْمَانَ وَ بَيْنَ الْعَرْشِ مِنْ سُهُولَةِ الْأَرْضِ وَ حُزُونَتِهَا حَتَّى الْتَقَتِ الْقِطْعَتَانِ فاجْتَرَّ الْعَرْشَ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ يُخَيَّلَ إِلَيَّ أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ مِنْ تَحْتِ سَرِيرِي
‘Kamil Al Ziyaraat’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al Ahwazy, from Al Nazar, from Yahya Al Halby, from Ibn Kharjat, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The companion of Suleyman-as (Aasif-as), spoke with the Magnificent Name of Allah-azwj, and it collapsed what is between the Throne of Suleyman-as and the Throne (of Bilquees) from the softness of the earth and its harshness until the two pieces met and the throne was thrown out. Suleyman-as said: ‘It was imagines to me-as it (the throne of Bilquees) came out from under my-as throne’.
قَالَ وَ دُحِيَتْ فِي أَسْرَعَ مِنْ طَرْفَةِ الْعَيْنِ
He-asws said: ‘And the ground evened out in quicker than the blink of an eye’’.[130]
12- ختص، الإختصاص مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ الْأَحْمَرِ قَالَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع يَا أَبَانُ كَيْفَ تُنْكِرُ النَّاسُ قَوْلَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَمَّا قَالَ لَوْ شِئْتُ لَرَفَعْتُ رِجْلِي هَذِهِ فَضَرَبْتُ بِهَا صَدْرَ ابْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بِالشَّامِ فَنَكَسْتُهُ عَنْ سَرِيرِهِ وَ لَا يُنْكِرُونَ تَنَاوُلَ آصَفَ وَصِيِّ سُلَيْمَانَ عَرْشَ بِلْقِيسَ وَ إِتْيَانَهُ سُلَيْمَانَ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَدَّ إِلَيْهِ طَرْفُهُ
‘Al Ikhtisas’ – Muhammad Bin Ali, from his father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn AbuUmeyr, from Aban Al Ahmar who said,
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘O Aban! How can the people deny the words of Amir Al-Momineen-asws when he-asws said: If I-asws so like to, I-asws would raise this leg of mine-asws and hit with it the chest of the son of Abu Sufyan in Syria and overturn him from his throne’, and they are not denying Aasif-as, successor-as of Suleyman-as attaining the throne of Bilquees and coming to Suleyman-as with it, before he-as even glanced at him-as?
أَ لَيْسَ نَبِيُّنَا ص أَفْضَلَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ وَصِيُّهُ أَفْضَلَ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ أَ فَلَا جَعَلُوهُ كَوَصِيِّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع حَكَمَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ مَنْ جَحَدَ حَقَّنَا وَ أَنْكَرَ فَضْلَنَا
Isn’t our Prophet-saww the most superior of the Prophets-as and his-saww successor-asws the most superior of the successors-as? (And) they are not even making him-asws to be like the successor-as of Suleyman-as? Allah-azwj will Judge between us-asws and between the ones rejecting our-asws rights and denying our-asws merits’’.[131]
Notes –
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَ رَوَى الْعَيَّاشِيُّ بِالْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَيْفَ تَفَقَّدَ سُلَيْمَانُ الْهُدْهُدَ مِنْ بَيْنِ الطَّيْرِ
From Ibn Abbas, and it is reported by Al-Ayyashi by the chain, said,
‘Abu Haneefa said to Abu Abdullah-as, ‘How did Suleyman miss the hoopoe from between the birds?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّ الْهُدْهُدَ يَرَى الْمَاءَ فِي بَطْنِ الْأَرْضِ كَمَا يَرَى أَحَدُكُمُ الدُّهْنَ فِي الْقَارُورَةِ
He-asws said: ‘Because the hoopoe could see the water in the interior of the earth like what one of you sees the oil in the glass!’
فَنَظَرَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ وَ ضَحِكَ
Abu Haneefa looked at his companions and laughed.
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا يُضْحِكُكَ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘What makes you laugh?’
قَالَ ظَفِرْتُ بِكَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
He said, ‘I have won with you-asws, may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ ذَاكَ
He-asws said: ‘And how is that so?’
قَالَ الَّذِي يَرَى الْمَاءَ فِي بَطْنِ الْأَرْضِ لَا يَرَى الْفَخَّ فِي التُّرَابِ حَتَّى تَأْخُذَ بِعُنُقِهِ
He said, ‘The one who can see the water in the interior of the earth cannot see the trap in the soil until it is seized by its neck?’
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَا نُعْمَانُ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهُ إِذَا نَزَلَ الْقَدَرُ أَغْشَى الْبَصَرَ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘O Nu’man! Don’t you know that when the Pre-determination befalls, the sight is overwhelmed?’’
وَ رَوَى عَلْقَمَةُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ سَبَإٍ فَقَالَ هُوَ رَجُلٌ وُلِدَ لَهُ عَشَرَةٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ تَيَامَنَ مِنْهُمْ سِتَّةٌ وَ تَشَاءَمَ مِنْهُمْ أَرْبَعَةٌ فَالَّذِينَ تَشَاءَمُوا لَخْمٌ وَ جُذَامُ وَ غَسَّانُ وَ عَامِلَةُ وَ الَّذِينَ تَيَامَنُوا كِنْدَةُ وَ الْأَشْعَرُونَ وَ الْأَزْدُ وَ حِمْيَرٌ وَ مَذْحِجٌ وَ أَنْمَارٌ وَ مِنَ الْأَنْمَارِ خَثْعَمٌ وَ بَجِيلَةُ
And it is reported by Alqama, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww was asked about Saba. He-saww said: ‘He is man who had tens sons from the Arabs. Six of them went to Al Yemen and four of them went to Syria. The ones who went to Syria were Lakham, and Juzam, and Gassan, and Aamila; and those who went to Al Yemen were Kinda, and Al Asharoun, and Himeyr, and Mazhij, and Anmar, and from Al Anmar were Khas’am and Bajilah’.
13- وَ رَوَى الْعَيَّاشِيُّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ بِالْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: الْتَقَى مُوسَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى وَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ مَسَائِلَ قَالَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَخِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع بَعْدَ أَنْ دَارَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ مِنَ الْمَوَاعِظِ حَتَّى انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى طَاعَتِهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ أَكْثَمَ سَأَلَنِي عَنْ مَسَائِلَ أُفْتِيهِ فِيهَا
And it is reported by Al-Ayyashi in his Tafseer by the chain, said,
‘Musa Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Musa met Yahya Bin Al Aksam met. He asked him about issues. He said, ‘I entered to see my brother Ali Bin Muhammad-asws after the preaching had rotated between me and him-asws until I ended to his-asws obedience. I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Yahya Bin Aksam asked me about issues to issue verdicts regarding these’.
فَضَحِكَ فَقَالَ فَهَلْ أَفْتَيْتَهُ فِيهَا
He-asws smiled. He-asws said: ‘Did you issue verdicts regarding these?’
قُلْتُ لَا
I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ وَ لِمَ
He-asws said: ‘And why not?’
قُلْتُ لَمْ أَعْرِفْهَا
I said, ‘I didn’t know these’?’
قَالَ وَ مَا هِيَ
He-asws said, ‘And what are these (issues)?’
قُلْتُ قَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ أَ كَانَ مُحْتَاجاً إِلَى عِلْمِ آصَفَ بْنِ بَرْخِيَا ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْمَسَائِلَ الْأُخَرَ
I said, ‘He said, ‘Inform me about Suleyman-as. Was he needy to the knowledge of Asif Bin Barkhiya?’ Then he mentioned other issues.
قَالَ اكْتُبْ يَا أَخِي بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ سَأَلْتَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ فِي كِتَابِهِ قالَ الَّذِي عِنْدَهُ عِلْمٌ مِنَ الْكِتابِ فَهُوَ آصَفُ بْنُ بَرْخِيَا وَ لَمْ يَعْجِزْ سُلَيْمَانُ عَنْ مَعْرِفَةِ مَا عَرَفَهُ آصَفُ لَكِنَّهُ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُعَرِّفَ أُمَّتَهُ مِنَ الْإِنْسِ وَ الْجِنِّ أَنَّهُ الْحُجَّةُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ عِلْمِ سُلَيْمَانَ أَوْدَعَهُ آصَفَ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ
He-asws said, ‘Write, O my brother! In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful! You asked about Words of Allah in His Book: The one with whom was the knowledge from the Book [27:40]. He is Asif Bin Barkhiya-as, and Suleyman-as was not unable of recognising what Asif-as had recognised, but he-as loved to introduce to his-as community of the humans and the Jinn that he-as (Asif)is the Divine Authority after him-as, and that is from the knowledge Suleyman-as had entrusted to Asif-as by the Command of Allah-azwj.
فَفَهَّمَهُ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ لِئَلَّا يُخْتَلَفَ فِي إِمَامَتِهِ وَ دَلَالَتِهِ كَمَا فُهِّمَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع فِي حَيَاةِ دَاوُدَ ع لِيَتَعَرَّفَ إِمَامَتَهُ وَ نُبُوَّتَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ لِتَأْكِيدِ الْحُجَّةِ عَلَى الْخَلْقِ
Allah-azwj had Caused him-as to understand that lest there is differing regarding his-as Imamate and his-as evidence, just as Suleyman-as had understood during the lifetime of Dawood-as for introducing his-as Imamate and his-as Prophet-hood from after him-as in order to emphasise the Divine Authority upon the creatures’.[132]
14- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَصَّ بِسُورَةِ الْفَاتِحَةِ مُحَمَّداً ص وَ شَرَّفَهُ بِهَا وَ لَمْ يُشْرِكْ مَعَهُ فِيهَا أَحَداً مِنْ أَنْبِيَائِهِ مَا خَلَا سُلَيْمَانَ ع فَإِنَّهُ أَعْطَاهُ مِنْهَا بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ أَ لَا تَرَاهُ يَحْكِي عَنْ بِلْقِيسَ حِينَ قَالَتْ إِنِّي أُلْقِيَ إِلَيَّ كِتابٌ كَرِيمٌ إِنَّهُ مِنْ سُلَيْمانَ وَ إِنَّهُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ
‘Tafseer of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws): ‘Allah-azwj Specialised Muhammad-saww with Surah Al-Fatiha and Ennobled him-saww by it, and did not participate anyone from the Prophets-as in it with him-saww apart from Suleyman-as, for he-as was Given ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent the Merciful’, from it. Do you not see Him-azwj Relating on behalf of Bilquees where she said, It is from Suleyman, and it is in the Name of Allah the Beneficent, the Merciful [27:30]’’.[133]
باب 10 ما أوحي إليه و صدر عنه من الحكم و فيه قصة نفش الغنم
CHAPTER 10 – WHAT ALLAH-azwj REVEALED TO HIM-as FROM THE JUDGMENTS AND IN IT IS STORY OF THE SHEEP PASTURING
الآيات الأنبياء وَ داوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ وَ كُنَّا لِحُكْمِهِمْ شاهِدِينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al-Anbiya: And Dawood and Suleyman, when they both gave judgement concerning the field when the people’s sheep pastured therein, and We were Witness to their judgments [21:78]
فَفَهَّمْناها سُلَيْمانَ وَ كُلًّا آتَيْنا حُكْماً وَ عِلْماً
So We Made Suleyman understand it, and to both We Gave Wisdom and Knowledge, [21:79].
1- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْقَاشَانِيِّ عَنِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ نَجِيحٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع أُوتِينَا مَا أُوتِيَ النَّاسُ وَ مَا لَمْ يُؤْتَوْا وَ عُلِّمْنَا مَا عُلِّمَ النَّاسُ وَ مَا لَمْ يُعَلَّمُوا فَلَمْ نَجِدْ شَيْئاً أَفْضَلَ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ فِي الْمَغِيبِ وَ الْمَشْهَدِ وَ الْقَصْدِ فِي الْغِنَى وَ الْفَقْرِ وَ كَلِمَةِ الْحَقِّ فِي الرِّضَا وَ الْغَضَبِ وَ التَّضَرُّعِ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ
‘Al Khisal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Qashany, from Al Isbahany, from Al Minqary, from Sufyan Bin Najeeh,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as said: ‘We-asws are Given what the people are Given and what they are not Given, and we-asws know what the people know and what the people do not know, but we-asws did not find anything more superior than fearing Allah-azwj in the hidden and the open, and the moderation during the richness and the poverty, and speaking the truth during the happiness and the anger, and the beseeching to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic upon all states’’.[134]
2- فس، تفسير القمي وَ داوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ وَ كُنَّا لِحُكْمِهِمْ شاهِدِينَ- فَإِنَّهُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ رَجُلٌ كَانَ لَهُ كَرْمٌ وَ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمٌ لِرَجُلٍ آخَرَ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ قَضَمَتْهُ وَ أَفْسَدَتْهُ فَجَاءَ صَاحِبُ الْكَرْمِ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع فَاسْتَعْدَى عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْغَنَمِ
And Dawood and Suleyman, when they both gave judgement concerning the field when the people’s sheep pastured therein, and We were Witness to their judgments [21:78].
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – It is narrated by my father, from Abdullah Bin Yahya, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There was a man among the Children of Israel who had a vineyard for him and the sheep of another man pastured in it at night and ate from it and spoilt it. So, the owner of the vineyard came to Dawood-as and claimed against the owner of the sheep.
فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ ع اذْهَبَا إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَكُمَا فَذَهَبَا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ إِنْ كَانَتِ الْغَنَمُ أَكَلَتِ الْأَصْلَ وَ الْفَرْعَ فَعَلَى صَاحِبِ الْغَنَمِ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى صَاحِبِ الْكَرْمِ الْغَنَمَ وَ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ ذَهَبَتْ بِالْفَرْعِ وَ لَمْ تَذْهَبْ بِالْأَصْلِ فَإِنَّهُ يَدْفَعُ وُلْدَهَا إِلَى صَاحِبِ الْكَرْمِ وَ كَانَ هَذَا حُكْمَ دَاوُدَ وَ إِنَّمَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يُعَرِّفَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع وَصِيُّهُ بَعْدَهُ وَ لَمْ يَخْتَلِفَا فِي الْحُكْمِ وَ لَوِ اخْتَلَفَ حُكْمُهُمَا لَقَالَ وَ كُنَّا لِحُكْمِهِمَا شَاهِدِينَ
Dawood-as said: ‘Both of you go to Suleyman for him-as to judge between you’. Then went to him-as. Suleyman-as said: ‘If the sheep has eaten the roots and the branches, then upon the owner of the sheep is that he hands over to the owner of the vineyard the sheep and whatever is in its belly; and if it has done away with the branches and did not ruin the roots, he should hand over its child to the owner of the vineyard’. And this was the judgment of Dawood-as, and rather he-as intended that the Children of Israel should recognise that Suleyman-as is his-as successor-as after him-as, and they-as both did not differ in their-as judgments, and had their-as judgments differed, He-azwj would have Said: “We-azwj were Witness to both their judgments’.[135]
3- سن، المحاسن بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ داوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ قَالَ لَمْ يَحْكُمَا إِنَّمَا كَانَا يَتَنَاظَرَانِ فَفَهَّمْناها سُلَيْمانَ
‘Al Mahasin’ – One of our companions, from Al Bazanty, from Jameel Bin Daraj, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: And Dawood and Suleyman, when they both gave judgement concerning the field [21:78], he-asws said: ‘Both of them-as did not give the judgment, but rather they-as were considering it, So We Made Suleyman understand it, [21:79]’’.[136]
4- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه بِسَنَدِهِ الصَّحِيحِ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ داوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ قَالَ كَانَ حُكْمُ دَاوُدَ ع رِقَابَ الْغَنَمِ وَ الَّذِي فَهَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سُلَيْمَانَ أَنْ يَحْكُمَ لِصَاحِبِ الْحَرْثِ بِاللَّبَنِ وَ الصُّوفِ ذَلِكَ الْعَامَ كُلَّهُ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – By the correct chain from Al Washa, from Ahmad Bin Umar Al Halby who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: And Dawood and Suleyman, when they both gave judgement concerning the field [21:78], he-asws said: ‘The judgment of Dawood-as was the neck of the sheep, and that which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made Suleyman to understand that he-as should judge for the owner of the field with the milk and the wool of that year, all of it’’.[137]
5- يب، تهذيب الأحكام الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ داوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ لَا يَكُونُ النَّفَشُ إِلَّا بِاللَّيْلِ إِنَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْحَرْثِ أَنْ يَحْفَظَ الْحَرْثَ بِالنَّهَارِ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْمَاشِيَةِ حِفْظُهَا بِالنَّهَارِ
‘Tahzeeb Al Ahkaam’ – Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from one of our companions, from Al Moala Abu Usman, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And Dawood and Suleyman, when they both gave judgement concerning the field when the people’s sheep pastured therein, [21:78]. He-asws said: ‘The pasturing did not happen except at night, and that it is upon the one who ploughed (the owner of the field) to protect it during the day, and it was not upon the owner of the cattle to protect it during the day.
إِنَّمَا رَعْيُهَا وَ أَرْزَاقُهَا بِالنَّهَارِ فَمَا أَفْسَدَتْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا وَ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْمَاشِيَةِ حِفْظُ الْمَاشِيَةِ بِاللَّيْلِ عَنْ حَرْثِ النَّاسِ فَمَا أَفْسَدَتْ بِاللَّيْلِ فَقَدْ ضَمِنُوا وَ هُوَ النَّفَشُ وَ إِنَّ دَاوُدَ ع حَكَمَ لِلَّذِي أَصَابَ زَرْعَهُ رِقَابَ الْغَنَمِ وَ حَكَمَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع الرِّسْلَ وَ الثَّلَّةَ وَ هُوَ اللَّبَنُ وَ الصُّوفُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْعَامِ
But rather, the grazing was during the day as well as the pasturing. Whatever got spoilt, there was no blame for it. And it was upon the owners of the cattle to protect the cattle from the fields of the people, and whatever was spoilt during the night, they were responsible for it, and that Dawood-as gave the judgement in favour of the owner of the plantation, the necks of the sheep; and Suleyman-as judged for the milk, and the wool (of the sheep) for that year as compensation to the owners of the plantation’’.[138]
6- يب، تهذيب الأحكام الْحُسَيْنُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بَحْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ داوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ قُلْتُ حِينَ حَكَمَا فِي الْحَرْثِ كَانَتْ قَضِيَّةً وَاحِدَةً
‘Tahzeeb Al Ahkaam’ – Al-Husayn, from Abdullah Bin Bahr, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘The Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And Dawood and Suleyman, when they both gave judgement concerning the field [21:78]. When they-asws both judged regarding the field, was it one judgement?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ كَانَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّينَ قَبْلَ دَاوُدَ إِلَى أَنْ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ دَاوُدَ ع أَيُّ غَنَمٍ نَفَشَتْ فِي الْحَرْثِ فَلِصَاحِبِ الْحَرْثِ رِقَابُ الْغَنَمِ وَ لَا يَكُونُ النَّفْشُ إِلَّا بِاللَّيْلِ وَ إِنَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الزَّرْعِ أَنْ يَحْفَظَ بِالنَّهَارِ وَ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْغَنَمِ حِفْظُ الْغَنَمِ بِاللَّيْلِ
He-asws said: ‘It is what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Revealed to the Prophets-as before Dawood-as up to (the time when) Allah-azwj Sent Dawood-as that whichever sheep spoils in the field, so for the owner of the field would be a neck of the sheep, and the spoiling does not happen except at night. Thus, it would be upon the owner of the plantation that he protects it during the day, and upon the owner of the sheep to guard them at night.
فَحَكَمَ دَاوُدُ ع بِمَا حَكَمَتْ بِهِ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ ع مِنْ قَبْلِهِ وَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ أَيُّ غَنَمٍ نَفَشَتْ فِي الزَّرْعِ فَلَيْسَ لِصَاحِبِ الزَّرْعِ إِلَّا مَا خَرَجَ مِنْ بُطُونِهَا وَ كَذَلِكَ جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ بَعْدَ سُلَيْمَانَ ع وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ كُلًّا آتَيْنا حُكْماً وَ عِلْماً فَحَكَمَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ
Dawood-as judged with what the Prophets-as had judged with from before him-as, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Suleyman-as that whichever sheep spoils the plantation, so it is not upon the owner of the plantation except what comes out from its belly, and like that flowed the Sunnah after Suleyman-as, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: and to both We Gave Wisdom and Knowledge [21:79]. Thus each one of the two-asws judged by the Judgement of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[139]
7- كا، الكافي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عَيْثَمِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الْإِمَامَةَ عَهْدٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَعْهُودٌ لِرِجَالٍ مُسَمَّيْنَ لَيْسَ لِلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَزْوِيَهَا عَنِ الَّذِي يَكُونُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman, from Aysam Bin Aslam, from Muawiya Bin Ammar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Imamate is a Covenant from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, Covenanted to a specifically named one. It isn’t for the Imam-asws that he-asws impedes it (holds back) from the one-asws who would happen to be from after him-asws.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع أَنِ اتَّخِذْ وَصِيّاً مِنْ أَهْلِكَ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ سَبَقَ فِي عِلْمِي أَنْ لَا أَبْعَثَ نَبِيّاً إِلَّا وَ لَهُ وَصِيٌّ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ وَ كَانَ لِدَاوُدَ ع أَوْلَادٌ عِدَّةٌ وَ فِيهِمْ غُلَامٌ كَانَتْ أُمُّهُ عِنْدَ دَاوُدَ ع وَ كَانَ لَهَا مُحِبّاً
Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed unto Dawood-as: “Take a successor-as from your-asws family, for it has preceded in My-azwj Knowledge that I-azwj shall not Send a Prophet-as except that for him-as would be a successor-as from his-as family-as”. And it was so that for Dawood-as were a number of children, and among them was a boy whose mother was with Dawood-as, and he-as loved her.
فَدَخَلَ دَاوُدُ ع عَلَيْهَا حِينَ أَتَاهُ الْوَحْيُ فَقَالَ لَهَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ يَأْمُرُنِي أَنْ أَتَّخِذَ وَصِيّاً مِنْ أَهْلِي فَقَالَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ فَلْيَكُنِ ابْنِي قَالَ ذَاكِ أُرِيدُ وَ كَانَ السَّابِقُ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ الْمَحْتُومِ عِنْدَهُ أَنَّهُ سُلَيْمَانُ
Dawood-as went over to her when he-as was Given the Revelation, and he-as said to her: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto me-as Commanding me-as that I-as should take a successor-as from my-as family’. She said to him-as, ‘Let it happen to be my son’. He-as said: ‘I-as want that, and it has preceded in the Inevitable Knowledge of Allah-azwj that he-as is Suleyman-as.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ أَنْ لَا تَعْجَلْ دُونَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكَ أَمْرِي فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ دَاوُدُ ع أَنْ وَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلَانِ يَخْتَصِمَانِ فِي الْغَنَمِ وَ الْكَرْمِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع أَنِ اجْمَعْ وُلْدَكَ فَمَنْ قَضَى بِهَذِهِ الْقَضِيَّةِ فَأَصَابَ فَهُوَ وَصِيُّكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ
Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed unto Dawood-as: “Do not be hasty beside My-azwj Command coming to you-as”. It was not long for Dawood-as before two men came over to him-as disputing with each other regarding the sheep and the vineyard. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Dawood-as: “Gather your-as sons, so the one who judges this judgment and is correct, so he would be your-as successor-as after you-as”.
فَجَمَعَ دَاوُدُ ع وُلْدَهُ فَلَمَّا أَنِ اقْتَصَّ الْخَصْمَانِ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع يَا صَاحِبَ الْكَرْمِ مَتَى دَخَلَتْ غَنَمُ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ كَرْمَكَ قَالَ دَخَلَتْهُ لَيْلًا قَالَ قَدْ قَضَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ يَا صَاحِبَ الْغَنَمِ بِأَوْلَادِ غَنَمِكَ وَ أَصْوَافِهَا فِي عَامِكَ هَذَا
Dawood-as gathered his-as sons. When the two disputants related their cases, Suleyman-as said: ‘O owner of the vineyard! When did these sheep of the man enter your vineyard?’ He said, ‘They entered at night’. He-as said: ‘I-as hereby judge against you, O owner of the sheep, with the children of your sheep and their wool during this year of yours (to be given to him as compensation)’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ دَاوُدُ ع فَكَيْفَ لَمْ تَقْضِ بِرِقَابِ الْغَنَمِ وَ قَدْ قَوَّمَ ذَلِكَ عُلَمَاءُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَكَانَ ثَمَنُ الْكَرْمِ قِيمَةَ الْغَنَمِ فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع إِنَّ الْكَرْمَ لَمْ يُجْتَثَ مِنْ أَصْلِهِ وَ إِنَّمَا أُكِلَ حِمْلُهُ وَ هُوَ عَائِدٌ فِي قَابِلٍ
Then Dawood-as said to him-as: ‘How come you-as did not judge with the necks of the sheep (which ate from the vineyard), and the scholars of the Children of Israel had evaluated that and the price of the vineyard as being the price of the sheep?’ Suleyman-as said: ‘The vineyard was not uprooted from its roots, and rather its load (fruits) were eaten, and these would be returning (growing again) next year’.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع أَنَّ الْقَضَاءَ فِي هَذِهِ الْقَضِيَّةِ مَا قَضَى سُلَيْمَانُ بِهِ يَا دَاوُدُ أَرَدْتَ أَمْراً وَ أَرَدْنَا أَمْراً غَيْرَهُ فَدَخَلَ دَاوُدُ ع عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ فَقَالَ أَرَدْنَا أَمْراً وَ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ غَيْرَهُ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ إِلَّا مَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَدْ رَضِينَا بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ سَلَّمْنَا
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Dawood-as: “The judgment regarding this is the judgement what Suleyman-as judged with. O Dawood-as! You-as intended a matter and I-azwj Intended a matter other than it”. Dawood-as went over to his-as wife and he-as said: ‘We wanted a matter and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Wanted a matter other than it, and it will not come into being except what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Wants. Thus, we are pleased with the Command of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and we submit’.
وَ كَذَلِكَ الْأَوْصِيَاءُ ع لَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَتَعَدَّوْا بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ فَيُجَاوِزُونَ صَاحِبَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ
(He-asws said): ‘And similar to that are the successors-asws. It isn’t for them-asws that they-asws should be advancing with this matter, so they would be overstepping its (rightful) owner to someone else’’.[140]
8- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَتْ أُمُّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ لِسُلَيْمَانَ ع يَا بُنَيَّ إِيَّاكَ وَ كَثْرَةَ النَّوْمِ بِاللَّيْلِ فَإِنَّ كَثْرَةَ النَّوْمِ بِاللَّيْلِ تَدَعُ الرَّجُلَ فَقِيراً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – From Jabir Bin Abdullah Al Ansary having said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Mother of Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as said to Suleyman-as, ‘O my son-as! Beware of abundance of the sleep at night, for the abundant of the sleep at night would leave the man poor on the Day of Qiyamah’’.[141]
9- نبه، تنبيه الخاطر قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع لِابْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ إِيَّاكَ وَ الْمِرَاءَ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَتْ فِيهِ مَنْفَعَةٌ وَ هُوَ يُهَيِّجُ بَيْنَ الْإِخْوَانِ الْعَدَاوَةَ
‘Tanbeeh Al Khatir’ –
Suleyman Bin Dawood-as said to his-as son: ‘O my-as son! Beware of the bitter arguments for there isn’t any benefit in it, and it stirs the enmity between the brothers’.[142]
باب 11 وفاته ع و ما كان بعده
CHAPTER 11 – HIS-as EXPIRY AND WHAT HAPPENNED AFTER HIM-as
الآيات البقرة وَ اتَّبَعُوا ما تَتْلُوا الشَّياطِينُ عَلى مُلْكِ سُلَيْمانَ وَ ما كَفَرَ سُلَيْمانُ وَ لكِنَّ الشَّياطِينَ كَفَرُوا يُعَلِّمُونَ النَّاسَ السِّحْرَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Baqarah: And they followed what was recited by the Satans in the reign of Suleyman; and Suleyman did not disbelieve, but the Satans were disbelieving. They were teaching the people, the sorcery. [2:102]
سبأ فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنا عَلَيْهِ الْمَوْتَ ما دَلَّهُمْ عَلى مَوْتِهِ إِلَّا دَابَّةُ الْأَرْضِ تَأْكُلُ مِنْسَأَتَهُ فَلَمَّا خَرَّ تَبَيَّنَتِ الْجِنُّ أَنْ لَوْ كانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ الْغَيْبَ ما لَبِثُوا فِي الْعَذابِ الْمُهِينِ
(Surah) Saba: But when We Decreed death unto him, nothing evidenced them upon his death except an insect of the earth which ate his staff. So when he fell down, it was clear to the Jinn that had they known the unseen, they would not have remained in the abasing torment [34:14].
1- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْهَمْدَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ ع قَالَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ لِأَصْحَابِهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى قَدْ وَهَبَ لِي مُلْكاً لا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي سَخَّرَ لِيَ الرِّيحَ وَ الْإِنْسَ وَ الْجِنَّ وَ الطَّيْرَ وَ الْوُحُوشَ وَ عَلَّمَنِي مَنْطِقَ الطَّيْرِ وَ آتَانِي مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَ مَعَ جَمِيعِ مَا أُوتِيتُ مِنَ الْمُلْكِ مَا تَمَّ لِي سُرُورُ يَوْمٍ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ وَ قَدْ أَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ أَدْخُلَ قَصْرِي فِي غَدٍ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Al-Hamdany from Ali, from his father, from Ali Bin Ma’bad, from Al-Husayn Bin Khalid,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws father-asws Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘One day Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as said to his-as companions: ‘Surely, Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted has Gifted to me-as a kingdom which is not befitting for anyone from after me-as. He-azwj Made subservient to me-as, the wind, and the humans, and the Jinn, and the birds, and the animals, and Taught me-as the speech of the birds, and Gave to me-as from everything, and along with all what He-azwj has Given to me from the kingdom, my-as delight is not complete, day to the night, and I-as would love it that I-as should enter into my-as castle in the morning.
فَأَصْعَدَ أَعْلَاهُ وَ أَنْظُرَ إِلَى مَمَالِكِي فَلَا تَأْذَنُوا لِأَحَدٍ عَلَيَّ لِئَلَّا يَرِدَ عَلَيَّ مَا يُنَغِّصُ عَلَيَّ يَوْمِي قَالُوا نَعَمْ
I-as want to ascend to its height and look at my-as kingdom. Therefore, no one is permitted to seek permission to see me-as for I-as do not wish to be disturbed for this day of mine-as’. They said, ‘Yes’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ أَخَذَ عَصَاهُ بِيَدِهِ وَ صَعِدَ إِلَى أَعْلَى مَوْضِعٍ مِنْ قَصْرِهِ وَ وَقَفَ مُتَّكِئاً عَلَى عَصَاهُ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى مَمَالِكِهِ مَسْرُوراً بِمَا أُوتِيَ فَرِحاً بِمَا أُعْطِيَ إِذْ نَظَرَ إِلَى شَابٍّ حَسَنِ الْوَجْهِ وَ اللِّبَاسِ قَدْ خَرَجَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ بَعْضِ زَوَايَا قَصْرِهِ
When it was the morning, he-as grabbed his-as staff and ascended to the high place from his castle, and paused reclining upon his-as staff, he-as looked at his-as kingdom, delighted at what he-as had been Given, joyous with what he-as had been Gifted with. (Suddenly) he-as saw a youth with a beautiful face and clothes coming towards him-as from one of the places of his-as castle.
فَلَمَّا بَصُرَ بِهِ سُلَيْمَانُ ع قَالَ لَهُ مَنْ أَدْخَلَكَ إِلَى هَذَا الْقَصْرِ وَ قَدْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَخْلُوَ فِيهِ الْيَوْمَ فَبِإِذْنِ مَنْ دَخَلْتَ
When Suleyman-as saw him, he-as said to him: ‘Who allowed you to enter into this castle, and I-as have intended that I-as should be alone in it, for this day? And by whose permission have you entered?’
فَقَالَ الشَّابُّ أَدْخَلَنِي هَذَا الْقَصْرَ رَبُّهُ وَ بِإِذْنِهِ دَخَلْتُ فَقَالَ رَبُّهُ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنِّي فَمَنْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَنَا مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ قَالَ وَ فِيمَا جِئْتَ قَالَ جِئْتُ لِأَقْبِضَ رُوحَكَ
The youth said: ‘It was its Lord-azwj Who Made me enter into this castle, and it is by His-azwj Permission that I entered’. He-as said: ‘Its Lord-azwj is more rightful for it that I-as am. Who are you?’ He said: ‘I am the Angel of death’. He-as said: ‘And with regards to whom have you come?’ He said: ‘I have come for the capture of your-as soul’.
قَالَ امْضِ لِمَا أُمِرْتَ بِهِ فَهَذَا يَوْمُ سُرُورِي وَ أَبَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِي سُرُورٌ دُونَ لِقَائِهِ
He-as said: ‘Go ahead and do what you have been Commanded to do, for this is my-as day of delight, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Refused that there should be delight for me-as, without meeting Him-azwj’.
فَقَبَضَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ رُوحَهُ وَ هُوَ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى عَصَاهُ فَبَقِيَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع مُتَّكِئاً عَلَى عَصَاهُ وَ هُوَ مَيِّتٌ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ وَ النَّاسُ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ هُمْ يُقَدِّرُونَ أَنَّهُ حَيٌّ
The Angel of Death captured his-as soul whilst he-as was reclining upon his-as staff. Thus, Suleyman-as remained reclining upon his-as staff, and he-as was dead, for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired it. And the people were looking at him-as and they were under the impression that he-as was alive.
فَافْتَتَنُوا فِيهِ وَ اخْتَلَفُوا فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَالَ إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع قَدْ بَقِيَ مُتَّكِئاً عَلَى عَصَاهُ هَذِهِ الْأَيَّامَ الْكَثِيرَةَ وَ لَمْ يَتْعَبْ وَ لَمْ يَنَمْ وَ لَمْ يَأْكُلْ وَ لَمْ يَشْرَبْ إِنَّهُ لَرَبُّنَا الَّذِي يَجِبُ عَلَيْنَا أَنْ نَعْبُدَهُ
They were Tried with regards to it, and they differed, so from among them was one who said, ‘Suleyman-as has remained reclining upon his-as staff this day for a long time, and he-as is not getting tire, nor is he-as eating, and is not drinking! He-as is a lord unto us and it obligates us that we should serve him-as’.
وَ قَالَ قَوْمٌ إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ ع سَاحِرٌ وَ إِنَّهُ يُرِينَا أَنَّهُ وَاقِفٌ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى عَصَاهُ يَسْحَرُ أَعْيُنَنَا وَ لَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ
And a group of people said: ‘Surely, Suleyman-as is a magician, and he-as is watching us, and he-asws is pausing upon his-as staff, so he-as has cast a spell upon our eyes, and it is not like that’.
فَقَالَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ هُوَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ نَبِيُّهُ يُدَبِّرُ اللَّهُ أَمْرَهُ بِمَا شَاءَ
And the Momineen said: ‘Surely, Suleyman-as is a servant of Allah-azwj and is His-azwj Prophet-as. Allah-azwj Regulates the affairs with whatsoever He-azwj Desires to’.
فَلَمَّا اخْتَلَفُوا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْأَرَضَةَ فَدَبَّتْ فِي عَصَاهُ فَلَمَّا أَكَلَتْ جَوْفَهَا انْكَسَرَتِ الْعَصَا وَ خَرَّ سُلَيْمَانُ ع مِنْ قَصْرِهِ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَشَكَرَتِ الْجِنُّ لِلْأَرَضَةِ صَنِيعَهَا فَلِأَجْلِ ذَلِكَ لَا تُوجَدُ الْأَرَضَةُ فِي مَكَانٍ إِلَّا وَ عِنْدَهَا مَاءٌ وَ طِينٌ
Whilst they were differing. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent the woodworm which gnawed away at his-as staff. When it had eaten its middle, the staff broke, and Suleyman-as fell from his-as castle upon his-as face. The Jinn wanted to thank the woodworm upon what it had done. They hurried to it for that, but did not find the woodworm in any place except where there was water and clay.
وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنا عَلَيْهِ الْمَوْتَ ما دَلَّهُمْ عَلى مَوْتِهِ إِلَّا دَابَّةُ الْأَرْضِ تَأْكُلُ مِنْسَأَتَهُ يَعْنِي عَصَاهُ فَلَمَّا خَرَّ تَبَيَّنَتِ الْجِنُّ أَنْ لَوْ كانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ الْغَيْبَ ما لَبِثُوا فِي الْعَذابِ الْمُهِينِ
And these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But when We Decreed death unto him, nothing evidenced them upon his death except an insect of the earth which ate his staff. So when he fell down, it was clear to the Jinn that had they known the unseen, they would not have remained in the abasing torment [34:14]’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع وَ اللَّهِ مَا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ هَكَذَا وَ إِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ فَلَمَّا خَرَّ تَبَيَّنَتِ الْإِنْسُ أَنَّ الْجِنَّ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ الْغَيْبَ مَا لَبِثُوا فِي الْعَذَابِ الْمُهِينِ
Then Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘And this Verse was not Revealed like this, but rather it was Revealed as: So when he fell, it was evident to the humans, if the Jinn had known the unseen, they would not have remained in abasing torment [34:14]’’.[143]
2- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: أَمَرَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ع الْجِنَّ فَصَنَعُوا لَهُ قُبَّةً مِنْ قَوَارِيرَ فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى عَصَاهُ فِي الْقُبَّةِ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى الْجِنِّ كَيْفَ يَعْمَلُونَ وَ هُمْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ إِذْ حَانَتْ مِنْهُ الْتِفَاتَةٌ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ مَعَهُ فِي الْقُبَّةِ قَالَ مَنْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَنَا الَّذِي لَا أَقْبَلُ الرِّشَاءَ وَ لَا أَهَابُ الْمُلُوكَ أَنَا مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَقَبَضَهُ وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى عَصَاهُ فِي الْقُبَّةِ وَ الْجِنُ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Aban, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as ordered the Jinn, and they made for him-as a glass dome. While he-as was leaning upon his-as staff in the dome looking at the Jinn how they were working, and they were (also) looking at him-as, when there was some noise. He-as turned there was a man with him-as in the dome. He-as said: ‘Who are you?’ He said, ‘I am the one who does not accept the bribe, nor do I request the kings. I am the Angel of death’. He captured him-as (his-as soul) while he-as was standing upon his-as staff in the dome, and the jinn were looking at him-as.
قَالَ فَمَكَثُوا سَنَةً وَ هُمْ يَدْأَبُونَ لَهُ حَتَّى بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْأَرَضَةَ فَأَكَلَتْ مِنْسَأَتَهُ وَ هِيَ الْعَصَا فَلَمَّا خَرَّ تَبَيَّنَتِ الْجِنُّ أَنْ لَوْ كانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ الْغَيْبَ ما لَبِثُوا فِي الْعَذابِ الْمُهِينِ
He-asws said: ‘They remained for a year and they were toiling for him-as until Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic the woodworm and it ate his-as stick, and it is the staff. When he-as fell down it was manifested to the Jinn that if they had known the unseen, they would not have remained in the abasing torment’.
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع إِنَّ الْجِنَّ يَشْكُرُونَ الْأَرَضَةَ مَا صَنَعَتْ بِعَصا سُلَيْمَانَ فَمَا تَكَادُ تَرَاهَا فِي مَكَانٍ إِلَّا وَ عِنْدَهَا مَاءٌ وَ طِينٌ
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘The Jinn were thanking the woodworm for what it had done with the staff of Suleyman, but they did not see in the place (of the staff) except the water and mud by it’’.[144]
3- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ مِثْلَهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ هِيَ الْعَصَا فَلَمَّا خَرَّ تَبَيَّنَتِ الْإِنْسُ أَنْ لَوْ كَانَ الْجِنُّ يَعْلَمُونَ الْغَيْبَ مَا لَبِثُوا فِي الْعَذَابِ الْمُهِينِ فَالْجِنُّ تَشْكُرُ الْأَرَضَةَ بِمَا عَمِلَتْ بِعَصَا سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ فَلَا تَكَادُ تَرَاهَا فِي مَكَانٍ إِلَّا وَ عِنْدَهَا مَاءٌ وَ طِينٌ فَلَمَّا هَلَكَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع وَضَعَ إِبْلِيسُ السِّحْرَ وَ كَتَبَهُ فِي كِتَابٍ ثُمَّ طَوَاهُ وَ كَتَبَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ هَذَا مَا وَضَعَ آصَفُ بْنُ بَرْخِيَا لِلْمَلِكِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ مِنْ ذَخَائِرِ كُنُوزِ الْعِلْمِ مَنْ أَرَادَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَلْيَفْعَلْ كَذَا وَ كَذَا ثُمَّ دَفَنَهُ تَحْتَ السَّرِيرِ ثُمَّ اسْتَشَارَهُ لَهُمْ فَقَرَءُوهُ فَقَالَ الْكَافِرُونَ مَا كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ يَغْلِبُنَا إِلَّا بِهَذَا وَ قَالَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بَلْ هُوَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ نَبِيُّهُ فَقَالَ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ وَ اتَّبَعُوا ما تَتْلُوا الشَّياطِينُ عَلى مُلْكِ سُلَيْمانَ وَ ما كَفَرَ سُلَيْمانُ وَ لكِنَّ الشَّياطِينَ كَفَرُوا يُعَلِّمُونَ النَّاسَ السِّحْرَ
(opinion)[145]
4- فس، تفسير القمي فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنا عَلَيْهِ الْمَوْتَ ما دَلَّهُمْ عَلى مَوْتِهِ إِلَّا دَابَّةُ الْأَرْضِ تَأْكُلُ مِنْسَأَتَهُ قَالَ لَمَّا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ ع إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ أَمَرَ الشَّيَاطِينَ أَنْ يَتَّخِذُوا لَهُ بَيْتاً مِنْ قَوَارِيرَ وَ وَضَعُوهُ فِي لُجَّةِ الْبَحْرِ وَ دَخَلَهُ سُلَيْمَانُ ع فَاتَّكَأَ عَلَى عَصَاهُ وَ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ الزَّبُورَ وَ الشَّيَاطِينُ حَوْلَهُ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ لَا يَجْسُرُونَ أَنْ يَبْرَحُوا فَبَيْنَا هُوَ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ حَانَتْ مِنْهُ الْتِفَاتَةٌ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِرَجُلٍ مَعَهُ فِي الْقُبَّةِ فَفَزِعَ مِنْهُ سُلَيْمَانُ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ مَنْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَنَا الَّذِي لَا أَقْبَلُ الرِّشَاءَ وَ لَا أَهَابُ الْمُلُوكَ فَقَبَضَهُ وَ هُوَ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى عَصَاهُ سَنَةً وَ الْجِنُّ يَعْمَلُونَ لَهُ وَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ بِمَوْتِهِ حَتَّى بَعَثَ اللَّهُ الْأَرَضَةَ فَأَكَلَتْ مِنْسَأَتَهُ فَلَمَّا خَرَّ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ تَبَيَّنَتِ الْإِنْسُ أَنْ لَوْ كَانَ الْجِنُّ يَعْلَمُونَ الْغَيْبَ مَا لَبِثُوا فِي الْعَذَابِ الْمُهِينِ كَذَا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْإِنْسَ كَانُوا يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ الْجِنَّ يَعْلَمُونَ الْغَيْبَ فَلَمَّا سَقَطَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع عَلَى وَجْهِهِ عَلِمَ الْإِنْسُ أَنْ لَوْ عَلِمَ الْجِنُّ الْغَيْبَ لَمْ يَعْمَلُوا سَنَةً لِسُلَيْمَانَ ع وَ هُوَ مَيِّتٌ وَ يَتَوَهَّمُونَهُ حَيّاً قَالَ فَالْجِنُّ تَشْكُرُ الْأَرَضَةَ بِمَا عَمِلَتْ بِعَصَا سُلَيْمَانَ ع وَ ذَكَرَ نَحْوَ مَا مَرَّ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ نَبِيُّهُ وَ فِي بَعْضِ النُّسَخِ مَا هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ وَ نَبِيِّهِ وَ فِي بَعْضِهَا إِنَّمَا هُوَ
(opinion)[146]
5- ع، علل الشرائع الْمُظَفَّرُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ وَ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الْجِنَّ شَكَرُوا الْأَرَضَةَ مَا صَنَعْتَ بِعَصَا سُلَيْمَانَ ع فَمَا تَكَادُ تَرَاهَا فِي مَكَانٍ إِلَّا وَ عِنْدَهَا مَاءٌ وَ طِينٌ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Al Muzaffar Al Alawy, from Ibn Al-Ayyashi, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Nusayr, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al Bazanty and fazalat, from Aban, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The Jinn went to thank the woodworm for what it had done with the staff of Suleyman-as, but they almost saw nothing in the place except that there was water and clay’’.[147]
6- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَقَدْ شَكَرَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ الْأَرَضَةَ حِينَ أَكَلَتْ عَصَا سُلَيْمَانَ حَتَّى سَقَطَ وَ قَالُوا عَلَيْكِ الْخَرَابُ وَ عَلَيْنَا الْمَاءُ وَ الطِّينُ فَلَا تَكَادُ تَرَاهَا فِي مَوْضِعٍ إِلَّا رَأَيْتَ مَاءً وَ طِيناً
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Aban, from Ibn Awrama, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Ali Bin Aqaba, from one of our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Satans-la had gone to thank the woodworm when it ate the staff of Suleyman until he-as fell down, and they said, ‘Upon you is the ruination and upon us is the water than the clay, but they hardly saw it in the place except they saw water and clay’’.[148]
7- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ صَبِيحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ ع أَنَّ آيَةَ مَوْتِكَ أَنَّ شَجَرَةً تَخْرُجُ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ يُقَالُ لَهَا الْخُرْنُوبَةُ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Jameel Bin Salih, from Al Waleed Bin Sabeeh,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to Suleyman-as: “A Sign of your-as death is that a tree would come out in Bayt Al-Maqdas, called Kharnouba”.
قَالَ فَنَظَرَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع يَوْماً إِلَى شَجَرَةٍ قَدْ طَلَعَتْ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَقَالَ لَهَا سُلَيْمَانُ ع مَا اسْمُكِ قَالَتِ الْخُرْنُوبَةُ فَوَلَّى مُدْبِراً إِلَى مِحْرَابِهِ حَتَّى قَامَ فِيهِ مُتَّكِئاً عَلَى عَصَاهُ فَقَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ
He-asws said: ‘Suleyman-as looked at a tree one day which had emerged in Bayt Al-Maqdas, and Suleyman-as said to it: ‘What is your name?’ It said, ‘Al-Kharnouba’. He-as turned back to his-as prayer niche until he-as stood in it upon his-as staff. Allah-azwj Captured him-as (his-as soul) that very moment.
فَجَعَلَتِ الْإِنْسُ وَ الْجِنُّ يَخْدُمُونَهُ وَ يَسْعَوْنَ فِي أَمْرِهِ كَمَا كَانُوا مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ هُمْ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُ حَيٌّ حَتَّى دَبَّتِ الْأَرَضَةُ فِي عَصَاهُ فَأَكَلَتْ مِنْسَأَتَهُ فَانْكَسَرَتْ وَ وَقَعَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع إِلَى الْأَرْضِ
The humans and the Jinn kept on serving him-as and striving in his-as orders just as they had been from before, and they were thinking that he-as was alive, until the woodworm walked into his-as staff and ate it, and it broke, and Suleyman-as fell down to the ground’’.[149]
8- ك، إكمال الدين أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَاشَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ سَبْعَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ وَ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Yusuf Al Tameemy,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as lived for seven hundred and twelve years’’.[150]
9- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ الْقَمَّاطِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ لِسُلَيْمَانَ ع اسْتَخْلِفْ عَلَيْنَا ابْنَكَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّهُ لَا يَصْلُحُ لِذَلِكَ فَأَلَحُّوا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَائِلُهُ عَنْ مَسَائِلَ فَإِنْ أَحْسَنَ الْجَوَابَ فِيهَا اسْتَخْلَفْتُهُ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Al Bazanty, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim, from Abu Khalid Al Qamat,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Children of Israel said to Suleyman-as, ‘Leave behind your-as son as a Caliph upon us’. He-as said to them: ‘He is not correct for that. I-as shall ask him about certain issues, if he answers good regarding these, I-as shall make him the Caliph.
ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ مَا طَعْمُ الْمَاءِ وَ طَعْمُ الْخُبْزِ وَ مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ ضَعْفُ الصَّوْتِ وَ شِدَّتُهُ وَ أَيْنَ مَوْضِعُ الْعَقْلِ مِنَ الْبَدَنِ وَ مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ الْقَسَاوَةُ وَ الرِّقَّةُ وَ مِمَّ تَعَبُ الْبَدَنِ وَ دَعَتُهُ وَ مِمَّ تَكَسُّبُ الْبَدَنِ وَ حِرْمَانُهُ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْهَا
Then he-as asked him: ‘O my-as son! What is the taste (benefit) of the water and the taste (benefit) of the water? And from which thing does the voice weaken and strengthen? And where is the place of the intellect from the body? And from which thing is the harshness and the kindness? And from what does the body get exhausted, and when is it rested? And from what is the gain of the body and its deprivation?’ But he did not answer anything from these’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع طَعْمُ الْمَاءِ الْحَيَاةُ وَ طَعْمُ الْخُبْزِ الْقُوَّةُ وَ ضَعْفُ الصَّوْتِ وَ شِدَّتُهُ مِنْ شَحْمِ الْكُلْيَتَيْنِ وَ مَوْضِعُ الْعَقْلِ الدِّمَاغُ أَ لَا تَرَى أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا كَانَ قَلِيلَ الْعَقْلِ قِيلَ لَهُ مَا أَخَفَّ دِمَاغَهُ وَ الْقَسْوَةُ وَ الرِّقَّةُ مِنَ الْقَلْبِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ فَوَيْلٌ لِلْقاسِيَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ مِنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The taste (benefit) of the water is the life, and the taste (benefit) of the bread is the strength; and weakness of the voice and its strength is from the fat of the two kidneys, and the place of the intellect is the brain. Do you not see that a man, when he was of low intellect it is said for him, ‘How light is his brain!? And the harshness and the kindness are from the heart, and it is His-azwj Words: Therefore woe be (unto them) for the harshness in their hearts from the Zikr of Allah! [39:22].
وَ تَعَبُ الْبَدَنِ وَ دَعَتُهُ مِنَ الْقَدَمَيْنِ إِذَا أُتْعِبَا فِي الْمَشْيِ يَتْعَبُ الْبَدَنُ وَ إِذَا أُودِعَا أُودِعَ الْبَدَنُ وَ كَسْبُ الْبَدَنِ وَ حِرْمَانُهُ مِنَ الْيَدَيْنِ إِذَا عُمِلَ بِهِمَا رَدَّتَا عَلَى الْبَدَنِ وَ إِذَا لَمْ يُعْمَلْ بِهِمَا لَمْ تَرُدَّا عَلَى الْبَدَنِ شَيْئاً
And tiredness of the body and its rest is from the two feet when these get tired in the walking, the body tires, and when these rest, the body rests; and the gain of the body and its deprivation is from the two hands, when he works with them they return (gain) upon the body, and when he does not work with them, they do not return anything upon the body’’.[151]
Note –
وَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ آصَفُ يُدَبِّرُ أَمْرَهُ حَتَّى دَبَّتِ الْأَرَضَةُ
And from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Asif was managing his-as (Suleyman’s) matter until the woodwork gnawed (at the staff)’.
باب 12 قصة قوم سبإ و أهل الثرثار
CHAPTER 12 – STORY OF THE PEOPLE OF SABA AND THE PEOPLE OF AL SAR SAAR
الآيات سبأ لَقَدْ كانَ لِسَبَإٍ فِي مَسْكَنِهِمْ آيَةٌ جَنَّتانِ عَنْ يَمِينٍ وَ شِمالٍ كُلُوا مِنْ رِزْقِ رَبِّكُمْ وَ اشْكُرُوا لَهُ بَلْدَةٌ طَيِّبَةٌ وَ رَبٌّ غَفُورٌ
The Verses – (Surah) Saba: Certainly, there was a Sign for Saba in their dwellings of two gardens on the right and left: “Eat from the sustenance of your Lord and be thankful to Him!” A good city and a Forgiving Lord [34:15]
فَأَعْرَضُوا فَأَرْسَلْنا عَلَيْهِمْ سَيْلَ الْعَرِمِ وَ بَدَّلْناهُمْ بِجَنَّتَيْهِمْ جَنَّتَيْنِ ذَواتَيْ أُكُلٍ خَمْطٍ وَ أَثْلٍ وَ شَيْءٍ مِنْ سِدْرٍ قَلِيلٍ
But they turned aside, so We Sent upon them a surging flood and Replaced for them with two gardens with bitter fruit, and shrubs, and a few lote-trees [34:16]
ذلِكَ جَزَيْناهُمْ بِما كَفَرُوا وَ هَلْ نُجازِي إِلَّا الْكَفُورَ
That was our Retaliation due to their committing Kufr; and do We Retaliate except for the Kufr? [34:17]
وَ جَعَلْنا بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ الْقُرَى الَّتِي بارَكْنا فِيها قُرىً ظاهِرَةً وَ قَدَّرْنا فِيهَا السَّيْرَ سِيرُوا فِيها لَيالِيَ وَ أَيَّاماً آمِنِينَ
And We Made between them and the towns which We had Blessed therein, apparent towns, and We Apportioned the travelling therein: “Travel in these during nights and days in security” [34:18]
فَقالُوا رَبَّنا باعِدْ بَيْنَ أَسْفارِنا وَ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فَجَعَلْناهُمْ أَحادِيثَ وَ مَزَّقْناهُمْ كُلَّ مُمَزَّقٍ إِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ لَآياتٍ لِكُلِّ صَبَّارٍ شَكُورٍ
But they said, ‘Our Lord! Lengthen the distance between our journeys! And they were unjust to themselves, so We Made them as subject of discourse and Scattered them with every scattering. Surely, there are Signs in that for every patient, grateful one [34:19]
1- فس، تفسير القمي لَقَدْ كانَ لِسَبَإٍ فِي مَسْكَنِهِمْ آيَةٌ جَنَّتانِ عَنْ يَمِينٍ وَ شِمالٍ قَالَ فَإِنَّ بَحْراً كَانَ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ وَ كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ أَمَرَ جُنُودَهُ أَنْ يُجْرُوا لَهُمْ خَلِيجاً مِنَ الْبَحْرِ الْعَذْبِ إِلَى بِلَادِ الْهِنْدِ فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ وَ عَقَدُوا لَهُ عُقْدَةً عَظِيمَةً مِنَ الصَّخْرِ وَ الْكِلْسِ حَتَّى يُفِيضَ عَلَى بِلَادِهِمْ وَ جَعَلُوا لِلْخَلِيجِ مَجَارِيَ وَ كَانُوا إِذَا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يُرْسِلُوا مِنْهُ الْمَاءَ أَرْسَلُوهُ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَحْتَاجُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ كَانَتْ لَهُمْ جَنَّتَانِ عَنْ يَمِينٍ وَ شِمَالٍ عَنْ مَسِيرَةِ عَشَرَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِيمَنْ يَمُرُّ لَا تَقَعُ عَلَيْهِ الشَّمْسُ مِنِ الْتِفَافِهَا فَلَمَّا عَمِلُوا بِالْمَعَاصِي وَ عَتَوْا عَنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّهِمْ وَ نَهَاهُمُ الصَّالِحُونَ فَلَمْ يَنْتَهُوا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ السَّدِّ الْجُرَذَ وَ هِيَ الْفَأْرَةُ الْكَبِيرَةُ فَكَانَتْ تَقْلَعُ الصَّخْرَةَ الَّتِي لَا يَسْتَقِلُّهَا الرَّجُلُ وَ تَرْمِي بِهَا فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ قَوْمٌ مِنْهُمْ هَرَبُوا وَ تَرَكُوا الْبِلَادَ فَمَا زَالَ الْجُرَذُ تَقْلَعُ الْحَجَرَ حَتَّى خَرَّبُوا ذَلِكَ السَّدَّ فَلَمْ يَشْعُرُوا حَتَّى غَشِيَهُمُ السَّيْلُ وَ خَرَّبَ بِلَادَهُمْ وَ قَلَعَ أَشْجَارَهُمْ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ لَقَدْ كانَ لِسَبَإٍ فِي مَسْكَنِهِمْ آيَةٌ جَنَّتانِ عَنْ يَمِينٍ وَ شِمالٍ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ سَيْلَ الْعَرِمِ أَيِ الْعَظِيمِ الشَّدِيدِ وَ بَدَّلْناهُمْ بِجَنَّتَيْهِمْ جَنَّتَيْنِ ذَواتَيْ أُكُلٍ خَمْطٍ وَ هُوَ أُمُّ غَيْلَانَ وَ أَثْلٍ قَالَ هُوَ نَوْعٌ مِنَ الطَّرْفَاءِ وَ شَيْءٍ مِنْ سِدْرٍ قَلِيلٍ ذلِكَ جَزَيْناهُمْ بِما كَفَرُوا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ بارَكْنا فِيها قَالَ مَكَّةُ فَقالُوا رَبَّنا باعِدْ بَيْنَ أَسْفارِنا وَ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فَجَعَلْناهُمْ أَحادِيثَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ شَكُورٍ
(opinion)[152]
2- سن، المحاسن عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنِّي لَأَلْعَقُ أَصَابِعِي مِنَ المأدم [الْأُدْمِ] حَتَّى أَخَافُ أَنْ يَرَى خَادِمِي أَنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ جَشَعٍ وَ لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ كَذَلِكَ
‘Al Mahasin’ – From Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Amro Bin Shimr who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘I-asws tend to lick my-asws fingers from the meal to the extent that I-asws fear that my-asws servants would see me-asws as that being from greed, and that isn’t like that.
إِنَّ قَوْماً أُفْرِغَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ النِّعْمَةُ وَ هُمْ أَهْلُ الثَّرْثَارِ فَعَمَدُوا إِلَى مُخِّ الْحِنْطَةِ فَجَعَلُوهُ خُبْزاً هَجَاءً فَجَعَلُوا يُنَجُّونَ بِهِ صِبْيَانَهُمْ حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ جَبَلٌ
There were people upon whom the Bounties had been abundant, and they are the people of Sarsaar. They deliberated to the seed of the wheat and made it into bread and went on to clean their children with it (toilet) to the extent that a hill gathered from that’.
قَالَ فَمَرَّ رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ وَ هِيَ تَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ بِصَبِيٍّ لَهَا فَقَالَ وَيْحَكُمْ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ لَا تُغَيِّرُوا مَا بِكُمْ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ فَقَالَتْ كَأَنَّكَ تُخَوِّفُنَا بِالْجُوعِ أَمَّا مَا دَامَ ثَرْثَارُنَا يَجْرِي فَإِنَّا لَا نَخَافُ الْجُوعَ
He-asws said: ‘A righteous man passed by a woman and she was doing that with a child of hers. He said, ‘Woe be unto you! Fear Allah-azwj and do not change what Bounties that are with you’. She said, ‘As if you are scaring us with the hunger? But as long as our Sarsaar (river) is flowing we do not fear the hunger’’.
قَالَ فَأَسِفَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ ضَعَّفَ لَهُمُ الثَّرْثَارَ وَ حَبَسَ عَنْهُمْ قَطْرَ السَّمَاءِ وَ نَبْتَ الْأَرْضِ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic was Wrathful and weakened the (river) Sar Saar to them and Withheld from them the drops of the sky and vegetation of the earth’.
قَالَ فَاحْتَاجُوا إِلَى مَا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ فَأَكَلُوهُ ثُمَّ احْتَاجُوا إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْجَبَلِ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَيُقَسَّمُ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْمِيزَانِ
He-asws said: ‘They became needy to what was in their hands and they ate it. Then they were needy to that hill, and they used to apportion between them with the scales’’.[153]
3- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَقالُوا رَبَّنا باعِدْ بَيْنَ أَسْفارِنا وَ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Jameel Bin Salih, from Sadeyr who said:
‘A man asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But they said, ‘Our Lord! Lengthen the distance between our journeys! And they were unjust to themselves [34:19].
فَقَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ قَوْمٌ كَانَتْ لَهُمْ قُرًى مُتَّصِلَةٌ يَنْظُرُ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ وَ أَنْهَارٌ جَارِيَةٌ وَ أَمْوَالٌ ظَاهِرَةٌ فَكَفَرُوا بِأَنْعُمِ اللَّهِ وَ غَيَّرُوا مَا بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ سَيْلَ الْعَرِمِ فَغَرَّقَ قُرَاهُمْ وَ أَخْرَبَ دِيَارَهُمْ وَ ذَهَبَ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَ أَبْدَلَهُمْ مَكَانَ جَنَّاتِهِمْ جَنَّتَيْنِ ذَواتَيْ أُكُلٍ خَمْطٍ وَ أَثْلٍ وَ شَيْءٍ مِنْ سِدْرٍ قَلِيلٍ
He-asws said: ‘They were a people who lived in two inter-connected villages and were able to see each other, and rivers which flowed, and had phenomenal wealth. They denied the Favours of Allah-azwj and changed what was in themselves, so Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent the flood of Al-Aram against them. Their two villages were submerged, and their houses were spoilt, and their wealth was gone. It changed their plantations into two plantations to be only with the edible plants of bitter tamarisk (a troublesome weed) and a few Lotus trees.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ ذلِكَ جَزَيْناهُمْ بِما كَفَرُوا وَ هَلْ نُجازِي إِلَّا الْكَفُورَ
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: That was our Retaliation due to their committing Kufr; and do We Retaliate except for the Kufr? [34:17]’’.[154]
باب 13 قصة أصحاب الرس و حنظلة
CHAPTER 13 – STORY OF THE COMPANIONS OF AL RAAS AND HANZALAH
الآيات الحج فَكَأَيِّنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْناها وَ هِيَ ظالِمَةٌ فَهِيَ خاوِيَةٌ عَلى عُرُوشِها وَ بِئْرٍ مُعَطَّلَةٍ وَ قَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Hajj: So how many a town did We Destroy while it was unjust, so it collapsed upon its roofs, and an abandoned well and a constructed palace (deserted) [22:45]
الفرقان وَ عاداً وَ ثَمُودَ وَ أَصْحابَ الرَّسِ
And Aad, and Samood, and the dwellers of the Al-Ras [25:38]
ق كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَ أَصْحابُ الرَّسِ
They belied before them, the people of Noah, and people of Al-Raas [50:12]
1- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْهَمْدَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْهَرَوِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: أَتَى عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَبْلَ مَقْتَلِهِ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَشْرَافِ تَمِيمٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ عَمْرٌو فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَصْحَابِ الرَّسِّ فِي أَيِّ عَصْرٍ كَانُوا وَ أَيْنَ كَانَتْ مَنَازِلُهُمْ وَ مَنْ كَانَ مَلِكَهُمْ وَ هَلْ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولًا أَمْ لَا وَ بِمَا ذَا أُهْلِكُوا فَإِنِّي أَجِدُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ ذِكْرَهُمْ وَ لَا أَجِدُ خَبَرَهُمْ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Al Hamdany, from Ali, from his father, from Al Harqy,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘‘A man from the noblemen of Tameem called Amro came up to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws three days before his-asws battle, so he said, ‘O Amir-Al-Momineen-asws! Inform me about: the dwellers of the Al-Ras [25:38], in which era they were, and where were their dwellings, and from when was their kingdom, and did Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Send a Rasool-as to them or not, and due to what were they Destroyed? I have found their Mention in the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and could not find their news’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع لَقَدْ سَأَلْتَ عَنْ حَدِيثٍ مَا سَأَلَنِي عَنْهُ أَحَدٌ قَبْلَكَ وَ لَا يُحَدِّثُكَ بِهِ أَحَدٌ بَعْدِي إِلَّا عَنِّي وَ مَا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ آيَةٌ إِلَّا وَ أَنَا أَعْرِفُ تَفْسِيرَهَا وَ فِي أَيِّ مَكَانٍ نَزَلَتْ مِنْ سَهْلٍ أَوْ جَبَلٍ وَ فِي أَيِّ وَقْتٍ نَزَلَتْ مِنْ لَيْلٍ أَوْ نَهَارٍ وَ إِنَّ هَاهُنَا لَعِلْماً جَمّاً وَ أَشَارَ إِلَى صَدْرِهِ وَ لَكِنَّ طُلَّابَهُ يَسِيرٌ وَ عَنْ قَلِيلٍ يَنْدَمُونَ لَوْ فَقَدُونِي
Ali-asws said to him: ‘You have asked me-asws about a Hadeeth which no one before you has asked me-asws nor will it ever be narrated by anyone from after me-asws, except from me-asws. And there is no Verse in the Book of Allah-azwj except that I-asws understand it, and know its explanation, and in which place it was Revealed, from a coast, or a mountain, and in which time from night or day, and over here is the total knowledge’ – and he-asws gestured towards his-asws own chest – ‘It’s seekers are few, and would be of little regret (to them) if they were to lose me-asws.
قَالَ كَانَ مِنْ قِصَّتِهِمْ يَا أَخَا تَمِيمٍ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا قَوْماً يَعْبُدُونَ شَجَرَةَ صَنَوْبَرٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا شَاهْ دِرَخْتُ كَانَ يَافِثُ بْنُ نُوحٍ غَرَسَهَا عَلَى شَفِيرِ عَيْنٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا رُوشَابُ كَانَتْ أُنْبِطَتْ لِنُوحٍ ع بَعْدَ الطُّوفَانِ وَ إِنَّمَا سُمُّوا أَصْحَابَ الرَّسِّ لِأَنَّهُمْ رَسُّوا نَبِيَّهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ع
What was from their stories – O brother of Tameem – they were a people who were worshipping the pine tree called ‘Shah Darakht’. It was Yafis Bin Noah-as who had planted it upon the verge of a spring called Roushab. It grew for Noah-as after the flood. But rather, the dwellers of Al-Ras were called so because they buried (Rasu) their Prophet-as in the ground, and that is after Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as.
وَ كَانَتْ لَهُمْ اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ قَرْيَةً عَلَى شَاطِئِ نَهَرٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ الرَّسُّ مِنْ بِلَادِ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ بِهِمْ سُمِّيَ ذَلِكَ النَّهَرُ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَوْمَئِذٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ نَهَرٌ أَغْزَرُ مِنْهُ وَ لَا أَعْذَبُ مِنْهُ وَ لَا قُرًى أَكْثَرُ وَ لَا أَعْمَرُ مِنْهَا
They had twelve habitations for them upon the banks of a river called Al-Ras, from the cities of the east, and it is by them that the river was called as such. And in those days there was no river more abundant than it, nor fresher than it, nor a town more populated than these, nor with people of longer life spans than in it.
تُسَمَّى إِحْدَاهُنَّ أَبَانَ وَ الثَّانِيَةُ آذَرَ وَ الثَّالِثَةُ دَيْ وَ الرَّابِعَةُ بَهْمَنَ وَ الْخَامِسَةُ إِسْفَنْدَارَ وَ السَّادِسَةُ فَرْوَرْدِينَ وَ السَّابِعَةُ أُرْدِيبِهِشْتَ وَ الثَّامِنَةُ خُرْدَادَ وَ التَّاسِعَةُ مُرْدَادَ وَ الْعَاشِرَةُ تِيرَ وَ الْحَادِيَ عَشْرَةَ مِهْرَ وَ الثَّانِيَ عَشْرَةَ شَهْرِيوَرْدَ
One on them was named as Abaan, and the second one Aazar, and the third one Dayy, and the fourth one Bahman, and the fifth one Isfandaar, and the sixth one Farourdeen, and the seventh Ardayy Behesht, and the eight one Khardaad, and the night one Mardaad, and the tenth one Tayr, and the eleventh one Mahar, and the twelfth one Shareyward.
وَ كَانَتْ أَعْظَمَ مَدَائِنِهِمْ إِسْفَنْدَارُ وَ هِيَ الَّتِي يَنْزِلُهَا مَلِكُهُمْ وَ كَانَ يُسَمَّى تركوذ بْنَ غابور بْنِ يارش بْنِ سازن بْنِ نُمْرُودَ بْنِ كَنْعَانَ فِرْعَوْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ بِهَا الْعَيْنُ وَ الصَّنَوْبَرَةُ وَ قَدْ غَرَسُوا فِي كُلِّ قَرْيَةٍ مِنْهَا حَبَّةً مِنْ طَلْعِ تِلْكَ الصَّنَوْبَرَةِ وَ أَجْرَوْا إِلَيْهَا نَهَراً مِنَ الْعَيْنِ الَّتِي عِنْدَ الصَّنَوْبَرَةِ فَنَبَتَتِ الْحَبَّةُ وَ صَارَتْ شَجَرَةً عَظِيمَةً وَ حَرَّمُوا مَاءَ الْعَيْنِ وَ الْأَنْهَارِ
And the biggest of their cities was Isfandaar, and it is the one in which their King had dwelled, and he was called Tarkowz Bin Ghabour Bin Yarish Bin Saazan Bin Namroud Bin Kana’an, Pharaoh at the time of Ibrahim-as. And in it was the spring and the pine tree, and in every town they had planted a seed from that pine tree, and made the river to flow from which was the main pine tree. These seeds grew and became big trees, and they prohibited the water of the spring and the rivers.
فَلَا يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْهَا وَ لَا أَنْعَامُهُمْ وَ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ قَتَلُوهُ وَ يَقُولُونَ هُوَ حَيَاةُ آلِهَتِنَا فَلَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَنْقُصَ مِنْ حَيَاتِهَا وَ يَشْرَبُونَ هُمْ وَ أَنْعَامُهُمْ مِنْ نَهَرِ الرَّسِّ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ قُرَاهُمْ
They would neither drink from it, nor water their cattle from it. And the one who did that (drank from it) they killed him and they were saying, ‘It is the life of our god, so it is not befitting for anyone that he should reduce its life’. And they and their cattle used to drink from the river Al-Ras, upon which were their towns’.
وَ قَدْ جَعَلُوا فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ مِنَ السَّنَةِ فِي كُلِّ قَرْيَةٍ عِيداً يَجْتَمِعُ إِلَيْهِ أَهْلُهَا فَيَضْرِبُونَ عَلَى الشَّجَرَةِ الَّتِي بِهَا كِلَّهً مِنْ حَرِيرٍ فِيهَا مِنْ أَنْوَاعِ الصُّوَرِ ثُمَّ يَأْتُونَ بِشَاءٍ وَ بَقَرٍ فَيَذْبَحُونَهَا قُرْبَاناً لِلشَّجَرَةِ وَ يُشْعِلُونَ فِيهَا النِّيرَانَ بِالْحَطَبِ فَإِذَا سَطَحَ دُخَانُ تِلْكَ الذَّبَائِحِ وَ قُتَارُهَا فِي الْهَوَاءِ وَ حَالَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ النَّظَرِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ خَرُّوا لِلشَّجَرَةِ سُجَّداً يَبْكُونَ وَ يَتَضَرَّعُونَ إِلَيْهَا أَنْ تَرْضَى عَنْهُمْ
And they made it be a day of Eid, one day in every month of the year, in every town, in which they would gather their families to it (the pine tree), so they would place upon it a thin curtain of silk, which different types of images, then they would bring their sheep and cows. They would slaughter these as an offering to the (pine) tree, and ignite flames with the wood, and the smoke from these sacrifices would permeate into the atmosphere. When they would see the smoke rising in the sky, they would fall prostrate to the tree, and they would be wailing and supplicating to it so that it would be pleased with them.
فَكَانَ الشَّيْطَانُ يَجِيءُ فَيُحَرِّكُ أَغْصَانَهَا وَ يَصِيحُ مِنْ سَاقِهَا صِيَاحَ الصَّبِيِّ إِنِّي قَدْ رَضِيتُ عَنْكُمْ عِبَادِي فَطِيبُوا نَفْساً وَ قَرُّوا عَيْناً فَيَرْفَعُونَ رُءُوسَهُمْ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ يَشْرَبُونَ الْخَمْرَ وَ يَضْرِبُونَ بِالْمَعَازِفِ وَ يَأْخُذُونَ الدَّسْتْبَنْدَ فَيَكُونُونَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ يَوْمَهُمْ وَ لَيْلَتَهُمْ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُونَ
Then the Satan-la would come and move its branches and shout as the young boy shouts, ‘I am pleased with you all – my servants – so let your selves be perfumed and your eyes be joyful!’ During that, they would raise their heads and drink the intoxicants and play their musical instruments. And then they would dance around that during that day and night, then they would leave.
وَ إِنَّمَا سَمَّتِ الْعَجَمُ شُهُورَهَا بِأَبَانْ مَاهَ وَ آذَرْ مَاهَ وَ غَيْرِهِمَا اشْتِقَاقاً مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ تِلْكَ الْقُرَى لِقَوْلِ أَهْلِهَا بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ هَذَا عِيدُ شَهْرِ كَذَا وَ عِيدُ شَهْرِ كَذَا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ عِيدُ قَرْيَتِهِمُ الْعُظْمَى اجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهَا صَغِيرُهُمْ وَ كَبِيرُهُمْ فَضَرَبُوا عِنْدَ الصَّنَوْبَرَةِ وَ الْعَيْنِ سُرَادِقاً مِنْ دِيبَاجٍ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَنْوَاعِ الصُّوَرِ وَ جَعَلُوا لَهُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ بَاباً كُلُّ بَابٍ لِأَهْلِ قَرْيَةٍ مِنْهُمْ وَ يَسْجُدُونَ لِلصَّنَوْبَرَةِ
But rather, the Persians (العجم) named their months from these, Aban, Aazar, and two others, derived from the names of these towns. Some of them would say to the others, ‘This is the festival of such and such a month, and festival of such and such a month, until it was the festival of the great town, during which their young ones and their older ones would gathers. So, they would place upon the pine tree a silk cloth painted with types of images, and make a tent by it with tent doors to it. Each door for the people of a particular town from them, and they would be prostrating to the pine tree.
خَارِجاً مِنَ السُّرَادِقِ وَ يُقَرِّبُونَ لَهَا الذَّبَائِحَ أَضْعَافَ مَا قَرَّبُوا لِلشَّجَرَةِ الَّتِي فِي قُرَاهُمْ فَيَجِيءُ إِبْلِيسُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فَيُحَرِّكُ الصَّنَوْبَرَةَ تَحْرِيكاً شَدِيداً وَ يَتَكَلَّمُ مِنْ جَوْفِهَا كَلَاماً جَهْوَرِيّاً وَ يَعِدُهُمْ وَ يُمَنِّيهِمْ بِأَكْثَرَ مِمَّا وَعَدَتْهُمْ وَ مَنَّتْهُمُ الشَّيَاطِينُ كُلُّهَا فَيَرْفَعُونَ رُءُوسَهُمْ مِنَ السُّجُودِ وَ بِهِمْ مِنَ الْفَرَحِ وَ النَّشَاطِ مَا لَا يُفِيقُونَ وَ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ مِنَ الشُّرْبِ وَ الْعَزْفِ فَيَكُونُونَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ يَوْماً وَ لَيَالِيَهَا بِعَدَدِ أَعْيَادِهِمْ سَائِرَ السَّنَةِ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُونَ
They would come out from their tent, and slaughter their offerings, double what they presented to the pine trees in their own towns. So Iblees-la would come during that, and he-la would move the pine tree with an intense shaking, speaking from inside it with a loud speech, and prepare them and promise them more than all the other devils had done so before. So, they would raise their heads from the prostrations, and they would be so joyful that they would not wake up from it, nor would they be speaking due to the drinking and the music. They were doing that over twelve days and nights, the number of the festivals for the rest of the year, then they would leave.
فَلَمَّا طَالَ كُفْرُهُمْ بِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ عِبَادَتُهُمْ غَيْرَهُ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِمْ نَبِيّاً مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنْ وُلْدِ يَهُودَا بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ فَلَبِثَ فِيهِمْ زَمَاناً طَوِيلًا يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَعْرِفَةِ رُبُوبِيَّتِهِ فَلَا يَتَّبِعُونَهُ
When their Kufr with Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and their worshipping others was prolonged, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent a Prophet-as from the Children of Israel, from the sons of Yahouda Ibn Yaqoub-as. He-as remained with them for a lengthy period, calling them to the worship of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and recognition of His-azwj Lordship, but they did not follow him-as.
فَلَمَّا رَأَى شِدَّةَ تَمَادِيهِمْ فِي الْغَيِّ وَ الضَّلَالِ وَ تَرْكَهُمْ قَبُولَ مَا دَعَاهُمْ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الرُّشْدِ وَ النَّجَاحِ وَ حَضَرَ عِيدُ قَرْيَتِهِمُ الْعُظْمَى قَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ عِبَادَكَ أَبَوْا إِلَّا تَكْذِيبِي وَ الْكُفْرَ بِكَ وَ غَدَوْا يَعْبُدُونَ شَجَرَةً لَا تَنْفَعُ وَ لَا تَضُرُّ فَأَيْبِسْ شَجَرَهُمْ أَجْمَعَ وَ أَرِهِمْ قُدْرَتَكَ وَ سُلْطَانَكَ
But when he-as saw the intensity of their continuation in the delusion and the deviation, and the acceptance of he-as was calling them to the guidance and the salvation, and when the Eid of their great town presented itself, he-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj servants are adamant of belying me-as, and denying You-azwj, and they would be leaving early to worship the tree which neither benefits them nor helps. Wither all of their trees and Show them Your-azwj Power and Authority!’
فَأَصْبَحَ الْقَوْمُ وَ قَدْ يَبِسَ شَجَرُهُمْ كُلُّهَا فَهَالَهُمْ ذَلِكَ وَ قُطِعَ بِهِمْ وَ صَارُوا فِرْقَتَيْنِ فِرْقَةٌ قَالَتْ سَحَرَ آلِهَتَكُمْ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ رَبِّ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ إِلَيْكُمْ لِيَصْرِفَ وُجُوهَكُمْ عَنْ آلِهَتِكُمْ إِلَى إِلَهِهِ وَ فِرْقَةٌ قَالَتْ لَا بَلْ غَضِبَتْ آلِهَتُكُمْ حِينَ رَأَتْ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ يَعِيبُهَا وَ يَقَعُ فِيهَا وَ يَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى عِبَادَةِ غَيْرِهَا فَحَجَبَتْ حُسْنَهَا وَ بَهَاءَهَا لِكَيْ تَغْضَبُوا لَهَا فَتَنْتَصِرُوا مِنْهُ
When the people woke up in the morning, their trees had dried up. When they saw that, they panicked and became two groups. A group said, ‘Your gods have been bewitched by this man-as who claims to be a Rasool-as of the Lord-azwj of the sky and the earth to you, in order to divert your attention from your gods towards his-as God’. And a group said, ‘No, but your gods are angry when they saw this man faulting them, who is among you, and is calling you all to the worship of someone else. Thus they have veiled their beauty and glory so that you may be angered and be victorious over him-as’.
فَأَجْمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ عَلَى قَتْلِهِ فَاتَّخَذُوا أَنَابِيبَ طِوَالًا مِنْ رَصَاصٍ وَاسِعَةَ الْأَفْوَاهِ ثُمَّ أَرْسَلُوهَا فِي قَرَارِ الْعَيْنِ إِلَى أَعْلَى الْمَاءِ وَاحِدَةً فَوْقَ الْأُخْرَى مِثْلَ الْبَرَابِخِ وَ نَزَحُوا مَا فِيهَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ ثُمَّ حَفَرُوا فِي قَرَارِهَا بِئْراً ضَيِّقَةَ الْمَدْخَلِ عَمِيقَةً وَ أَرْسَلُوا فِيهَا نَبِيَّهُمْ وَ أَلْقَمُوا فَاهَا صَخْرَةً عَظِيمَةً ثُمَّ أَخْرَجُوا الْأَنَابِيبَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ وَ قَالُوا نَرْجُو الْآنَ أَنْ تَرْضَى عَنَّا آلِهَتُنَا إِذَا رَأَتْ أَنَّا قَدْ قَتَلْنَا مَنْ كَانَ يَقَعُ فِيهَا وَ يَصُدُّنَا عَنْ عِبَادَتِهَا وَ دَفَنَّاهُ تَحْتَ كَبِيرِهَا يَتَشَفَّى مِنْهُ فَيَعُودَ لَنَا نُورُهَا وَ نَضْرَتُهَا كَمَا كَانَ
They formed a consensus of opinion for killing him-as. They took long tubes of lead with wide mouths, then inserted these in the spring up to the top of the water, one on top of the other, like the drains, then drained the water, and dug a deep and narrow well, and inserted their Prophet-as in it, and placed a great rock upon the entrance of it. Then they took the pipes out from the water and they said, ‘Now we hope that our gods are pleased with us, when they see that we have killed the one who was among us, and stopped from worshipping them, and we buried him-as under the great one, and it would be healed from it, so that its light and its freshness would return to what it used to be.
فَبَقُوا عَامَّةَ يَوْمِهِمْ يَسْمَعُونَ أَنِينَ نَبِيِّهِمْ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ سَيِّدِي قَدْ تَرَى ضِيقَ مَكَانِي وَ شِدَّةَ كَرْبِي فَارْحَمْ ضَعْفَ رُكْنِي وَ قِلَّةَ حِيلَتِي وَ عَجِّلْ بِقَبْضِ رُوحِي وَ لَا تُؤَخِّرْ إِجَابَةَ دَعْوَتِي حَتَّى مَاتَ
They remained for most of the day hearing the groaning of their Prophet-as and he-as was saying: ‘My Master-azwj! You-azwj have seen the narrowness of my-as place, and the severity of my-as loneliness. Have Mercy upon the weakness of my-as position, and my-as helplessness, and hasten the capture of my-as soul, and do not delay the Answering of my -as supplication’ – until he-as died.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ لِجَبْرَئِيلَ يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ أَ يَظُنُّ عِبَادِي هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ غَرَّهُمْ حِلْمِي وَ أَمِنُوا مَكْرِي وَ عَبَدُوا غَيْرِي وَ قَتَلُوا رَسُولِي أَنْ يَقُومُوا لِغَضَبِي أَوْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْ سُلْطَانِي كَيْفَ وَ أَنَا الْمُنْتَقِمُ مِمَّنْ عَصَانِي وَ لَمْ يَخْشَ عِقَابِي وَ إِنِّي حَلَفْتُ بِعِزَّتِي لَأَجْعَلَنَّهُمْ عِبْرَةً وَ نَكَالًا لِلْعَالَمِينَ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to Jibraeel-as: “O Jibraeel-as! Do these servants of Mine, who are deceived by My-azwj Forbearance, think that they are safe from My-azwj Plan, and they are worshipping other than Me-azwj, and they killed My-azwj Rasool-as, that they would be able to withstand My-azwj Wrath, or exit from My-azwj Authority? How? And I-azwj am the Avenger from the one who disobeys Me-azwj and does not fear My-azwj Punishment. And I-azwj Swear by My-azwj Might and My-azwj Majestic that I-azwj shall Make them an example and a Punishment for the worlds”.
فَلَمْ يَرُعْهُمْ وَ هُمْ فِي عِيدِهِمْ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا بِرِيحٍ عَاصِفٍ شَدِيدَةِ الْحُمْرَةِ فَتَحَيَّرُوا فِيهَا وَ ذُعِرُوا مِنْهَا وَ تَضَامَّ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ ثُمَّ صَارَتِ الْأَرْضُ مِنْ تَحْتِهِمْ حَجَرَ كِبْرِيتٍ يَتَوَقَّدُ وَ أَظَلَّتْهُمْ سَحَابَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ فَأَلْقَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَالْقُبَّةِ جَمْراً يَلْتَهِبُ فَذَابَتْ أَبْدَانُهُمْ كَمَا يَذُوبُ الرَّصَاصُ فِي النَّارِ
But they were not terrified by that, and they were in the Eid, except by a stormy wind of intense redness. So, they were confused from it, and they panicked from it, and they were joined to each other. Then the ground underneath them became like the sulphuric rock, and they were engulfed by a black cloud. Red embers rained down upon them and their bodies melted like the lead melts in the fire.
فَنَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ مِنْ غَضَبِهِ وَ نُزُولِ نَقِمَتِهِ وَ لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ
Thus, we-asws seek Refuge with Allah-azwj, elevated is His-azwj Mention, from His-azwj Wrath, and the Descent of His-azwj Curse. And there is no Mighty nor Strength except with Allah-azwj the Exalted, the Magnificent’’.[155]
2- فس، تفسير القمي أَصْحَابُ الرَّسِّ هُمُ الَّذِينَ هَلَكُوا لِأَنَّهُمْ اسْتَغْنَوُا الرِّجَالُ بِالرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءُ بِالنِّسَاءِ وَ الرَّسُّ نَهَرٌ بِنَاحِيَةِ آذَرْبَايِجَانَ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – ‘The companions of Al Ras, they are those who were destroyed because they the men availed with the men, and the women with the women, and Al Ras is a river in an area of Azerbayjan’.[156]
3- مع، معاني الأخبار مَعْنَى أَصْحَابِ الرَّسِّ أَنَّهُمْ نُسِبُوا إِلَى نَهَرٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ الرَّسُّ مِنْ بِلَادِ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ قَدْ قِيلَ إِنَّ الرَّسَّ هُوَ الْبِئْرُ وَ إِنَّ أَصْحَابَهُ رَسُّوا نَبِيَّهُمْ بَعْدَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ع وَ كَانُوا قَوْماً يَعْبُدُونَ شَجَرَةَ صَنَوْبَرٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا شَاهْ دِرَخْتُ كَانَ غَرَسَهَا يَافِثُ بْنُ نُوحٍ فَأَنْبَتَتْ لِنُوحٍ بَعْدَ الطُّوفَانِ
The meaning of ‘Companions of Al Ras’, they are attributed to a rive called ‘Al Ras’ from an eastern city; and it is said that ‘Al Ras’, it is a well and its companions (people) had buried (Rasu) their Prophet-as after Suleyman Bin Dawood-as, and they were a people worshipping a pine tree called ‘Shah Darakht’. It had been planted by Yafis son of Noah-as, and it grew for Noah-as after the flood.
وَ كَانَ نِسَاؤُهُمْ يَشْتَغِلْنَ بِالنِّسَاءِ عَنِ الرِّجَالِ فَعَذَّبَهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِرِيحٍ عَاصِفٍ شَدِيدَةِ الْحُمْرَةِ وَ جَعَلَ الْأَرْضَ مِنْ تَحْتِهِمْ حَجَرَ كِبْرِيتٍ يَتَوَقَّدُ وَ أَظَلَّتْهُمْ سَحَابَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ مُظْلِمَةٌ فَانْكَفَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَالْقُبَّةِ جَمْرَةً تَلْتَهِبُ فَذَابَتْ أَبْدَانُهُمْ كَمَا يَذُوبُ الرَّصَاصُ فِي النَّارِ
And their women were pre-occupied (gratifying) with the women rather than the men, so Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic punished them with a severely stormy red wind and made the ground from beneath them to be sulphuric rock, igniting, and black clouds shaded them in darkness. It closed upon them like a dome of ember flames, and their bodies melted like the melting of lead in the fire’.[157]
4- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَلْخِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع عَنْ أَصْحَابِ الرَّسِّ الَّذِينَ ذَكَرَهُمُ اللَّهُ مَنْ هُمْ وَ مِمَّنْ هُمْ وَ أَيَّ قَوْمٍ كَانُوا
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chin to Al-Sadouq, from his father, and Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Ali Bin Al Abbas, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Balkhy, from Al Hassan Bin Rashid, from Yaqoub Bin Ibrahim who said,
‘A man asked Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws about the companions of Al-Ras, those whom Allah-azwj Mentioned, ‘Who are they, and from who are they, and which people were they?’
فَقَالَ كَانَا رَسَّيْنِ أَمَّا أَحَدُهُمَا فَلَيْسَ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ كَانَ أَهْلُهُ أَهْلَ بَدْوٍ وَ أَصْحَابَ شَاةٍ وَ غَنَمٍ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِمْ صَالِحَ النَّبِيِّ ع رَسُولًا فَقَتَلُوهُ وَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولًا آخَرَ فَقَتَلُوهُ ثُمَّ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولًا آخَرَ وَ عَضَدَهُ بِوَلِيٍّ فَقَتَلُوا الرَّسُولَ وَ جَاهَدَ الْوَلِيُّ حَتَّى أَفْحَمَهُمْ
He-asws said: ‘There were two Ras’s – as for one of them, it isn’t the one whom Allah-azwj Mentioned in His-azwj Book. Its people were the people of the valleys and owner of sheep and livestock. Allah-azwj the Exalted Sent the Prophet Salih-as to them as a Messenger, but they killed him-as, and Sent another Rasool-as and they killed him-as (as well). Then He-azwj Sent another Rasool-as and Aided him-as with a guardian, so they killed the Rasool-as and fought the guardian until he confuted them.
وَ كَانُوا يَقُولُونَ إِلَهُنَا فِي الْبَحْرِ وَ كَانُوا عَلَى شَفِيرِهِ وَ كَانَ لَهُمْ عِيدٌ فِي السَّنَةِ يَخْرُجُ حُوتٌ عَظِيمٌ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ فِي تِلْكَ الْيَوْمِ فَيَسْجُدُونَ لَهُ فَقَالَ وَلِيُّ صَالِحٍ لَهُمْ لَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ تَجْعَلُونِي رَبّاً وَ لَكِنْ هَلْ تُجِيبُونِي إِلَى مَا دَعَوْتُكُمْ إِنْ أَطَاعَنِي ذَلِكَ الْحُوتُ
And they were saying, Our god is in the sea!’ And they were on its coast, and there used to be a festival for them in the year. A great whale would come out to them from the sea during that day and they would be prostrating to it. The guardian (successor-as) of Salih-as said to them: ‘I do not want you all to make me-as a Lord-azwj, but will you answer to what I-as am calling you towards if that whale were to obey me-as?’
فَقَالُوا نَعَمْ وَ أَعْطَوْهُ عُهُوداً وَ مَوَاثِيقَ فَخَرَجَ حُوتٌ رَاكِبٌ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَحْوَاتٍ فَلَمَّا نَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ خَرُّوا سُجَّداً فَخَرَجَ وَلِيُّ صَالِحٍ النَّبِيِّ إِلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ لَهُ ائْتِنِي طَوْعاً أَوْ كَرْهاً بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الْكَرِيمِ فَنَزَلَ عَنْ أَحْوَاتِهِ فَقَالَ الْوَلِيُّ ايتِنِي عَلَيْهِنَّ لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ فِي أَمْرِي شَكٌّ
They said, ‘Yes’, and gave him a pact and a covenant. The whale came out riding upon four whales. When they looked at it, they fell down in Sajdah. The successor-as of the Prophet Salih-as came out and said to it: ‘Come to me-as willingly or unwillingly in the Name of Allah-azwj the Benevolent!’ It descended from its whales and the successor-as said: ‘Come to me-as upon these lest the people come to doubt regarding my-as affair’.
فَأَتَى الْحُوتُ إِلَى الْبَرِّ يَجُرُّهَا وَ تَجُرُّهُ إِلَى عِنْدِ وَلِيِّ صَالِحٍ فَكَذَّبُوهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ رِيحاً فَقَذَفَتْهُمْ فِي الْيَمِّ أَيِ الْبَحْرِ وَ مَوَاشِيَهُمْ فَأَتَى الْوَحْيُ إِلَى وَلِيِّ صَالِحٍ بِمَوْضِعِ ذَلِكَ الْبِئْرِ وَ فِيهَا الذَّهَبُ وَ الْفِضَّةُ فَانْطَلَقَ فَأَخَذَهُ فَفَضَّهُ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ عَلَى الصَّغِيرِ وَ الْكَبِيرِ
The whale came to the land, dragging itself to be in the presence of the successor-as of Salih-as. But they belied him-as after that. Allah-azwj Send a wind to them which threw them and their cattle into the river, i.e., the sea. The Revelation came to the successor-as of Salih of the place of that well, and therein was the gold and silver. He-as went and took it and distributed it upon his-as companions with the fairness, upon the young and the old.
وَ أَمَّا الَّذِينَ ذَكَرَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ فَهُمْ قَوْمٌ كَانَ لَهُمْ نَهَرٌ يُدْعَى الرَّسَّ وَ كَانَ فِيهِمْ أَنْبِيَاءُ كَثِيرَةٌ
And as for those whom Allah-azwj did Mention in His-azwj Book, there were a people having a river for them called Al-Ras, and among them were a lot of Prophets-as’.
فَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ وَ أَيْنَ الرَّسُّ
A man asked, ‘And where is Al-Ras?’
فَقَالَ هُوَ نَهَرٌ بِمُنْقَطَعِ آذَرْبِيجَانَ وَ هُوَ بَيْنَ حَدِّ إِرْمِينِيَةَ وَ آذَرْبِيجَانَ وَ كَانُوا يَعْبُدُونَ الصُّلْبَانَ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ ثَلَاثِينَ نَبِيّاً فِي مَشْهَدٍ وَاحِدٍ فَقَتَلُوهُمْ جَمِيعاً فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ نَبِيّاً وَ بَعَثَ مَعَهُ وَلِيّاً فَجَاهَدَهُمْ
He-asws said: ‘It is a river in a part of Azerbaijan, and it is between the border of Armenia and Azerbaijan, and they were worshipping two crucifixes. Allah-azwj Sent thirty Prophets-as to them in one city and they killed all of them. Then Allah-azwj Sent a Prophet-as and Sent a successor-as with him-as, and they fought (against) them-as.
وَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مِيكَائِيلَ فِي أَوَانِ وُقُوعِ الْحَبِّ وَ الزَّرْعِ فَأَنْضَبَ مَاءَهُمْ فَلَمْ يَدَعْ عَيْناً وَ لَا نَهَراً وَ لَا مَاءً لَهُمْ إِلَّا أَيْبَسَهُ وَ أَمَرَ مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ فَأَمَاتَ مَوَاشِيَهُمْ وَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْأَرْضَ فَابْتَلَعَتْ مَا كَانَ لَهُمْ مِنْ تِبْرٍ أَوْ فِضَّةٍ أَوْ آنِيَةٍ فَهُوَ لِقَائِمِنَا ع إِذَا قَامَ
And Allah-azwj Sent Mikaeel-as among assistance in the season of sowing and planting. They evaporated their waterways, and did not leave a spring, nor a river, nor any water for them except dried it, and He-azwj Commanded the Angel of death who caused the death of their livestock, and Allah-azwj Commanded the ground and it swallowed up whatever was for them from the gold and silver or utensils, so it would (now) be for our-asws Qaim-asws when he-asws rises.
فَمَاتُوا كُلُّهُمْ جُوعاً وَ عَطَشاً فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُمْ بَاقِيَةٌ وَ بَقِيَ مِنْهُمْ قَوْمٌ مُخْلِصُونَ فَدَعَوُا اللَّهَ أَنْ يُنْجِيَهُمْ بِزَرْعٍ وَ مَاشِيَةٍ وَ مَاءٍ وَ يَجْعَلَهُ قَلِيلًا لِئَلَّا يَطْغَوْا فَأَجَابَهُمُ اللَّهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ لِمَا عَلِمَ مِنْ صِدْقِ نِيَّاتِهِمْ
Thus, all of them died of hunger and thirst and there did not remain from them any survivor, and there remained alive from them a (small) group of sincere ones, and they supplicated to Allah-azwj to Rescue them with vegetation and livestock and water, and to Make them to be few lest they rebel. Allah-azwj Answered them to that when He-azwj Knew from the truthfulness of their intentions.
ثُمَّ عَادَ الْقَوْمُ إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِمْ فَوَجَدُوهَا قَدْ صَارَتْ أَعْلَاهَا أَسْفَلَهَا وَ أَطْلَقَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ نَهَرَهُمْ وَ زَادَهُمْ فِيهِ عَلَى مَا سَأَلُوا فَقَامُوا عَلَى الظَّاهِرِ وَ الْبَاطِنِ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى مَضَى أُولَئِكَ الْقَوْمُ وَ حَدَثَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ نَسْلٌ أَطَاعُوا اللَّهَ فِي الظَّاهِرِ وَ نَافَقُوهُ فِي الْبَاطِنِ وَ عَصَوْا بِأَشْيَاءَ شَتَّى
Then the people returned to their houses and they found these to have been overturned upside down, and Allah-azwj Flowed their river for them and Provided in it upon what they had asked for. They stood upon the apparent and the hidden in obedience of Allah-azwj until those people passed away, and a new generation occurred after that, obeying Allah-azwj in the apparent and being hypocritical in the hidden, and they disobeyed in various things.
فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ مَنْ أَسْرَعَ فِيهِمُ الْقَتْلَ فَبَقِيَتْ شِرْذِمَةٌ مِنْهُمْ فَسَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الطَّاعُونَ فَلَمْ يُبْقِ مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً وَ بَقِيَ نَهَرُهُمْ وَ مَنَازِلُهُمْ مِائَتَيْ عَامٍ لَا يَسْكُنُهَا أَحَدٌ
Then Allah-azwj Sent the quick killing among them, and there remained Sharzamah from them, and Allah-azwj Caused the plague to overcome upon them, and there did not remain anyone from them, and there remained their river and their houses for two hundred years, no one settling in them.
ثُمَّ أَتَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِقَوْمٍ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَنَزَلُوهَا وَ كَانُوا صَالِحِينَ ثُمَّ أَحْدَثَ قَوْمٌ مِنْهُمْ فَاحِشَةً وَ اشْتَغَلَ الرِّجَالُ بِالرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءُ بِالنِّسَاءِ فَسَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ صَاعِقَةً فَلَمْ يُبْقِ مِنْهُمْ بَاقِيَةً
Then Allah-azwj the Exalted came after that with a people and they stayed there and they were righteous. Then another group from them innovated the immoralities and the men pre-occupied with the men, and the women with the women, so Allah-azwj Caused the thunderbolt to overcome upon them, and there does not remain any survivor from them’’.[158]
5- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: دَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ نِسْوَةٌ فَسَأَلَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ عَنِ السَّحْقِ فَقَالَ حَدُّهَا حَدُّ الزَّانِي فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مَا ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ذَلِكَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَتْ وَ أَيْنَ هُوَ قَالَ هُوَ أَصْحابُ الرَّسِ
‘Sawab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘Some women entered and asked him-asws about the lesbianism. He-asws said: ‘Its legal Punishment is the legal Punishment of the adulterer’. A woman said, ‘Did Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic not Mention that in the Quran?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. She said, ‘And where is it?’ He-asws said: ‘It is dwellers of the Al-Ras [25:38]’’.[159]
6- كا، الكافي أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْسِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ هِشَامٍ الصَّيْدَلَانِيِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَ أَصْحابُ الرَّسِ فَقَالَ بِيَدِهِ هَكَذَا فَمَسَحَ إِحْدَاهُمَا بِالْأُخْرَى فَقَالَ هُنَّ اللَّوَاتِي بِاللَّوَاتِي يَعْنِي النِّسَاءَ بِالنِّسَاءِ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Kufy, from Ubeys Bin Hisham, from Husayn Bin Ahmad Al Minqary, from Hisham Al Saydani,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, said, ‘A man asked him-asws about this Verse: They belied before them, the people of Noah, and people of Al-Raas and Samood [50:12]. He-asws said by (gesturing with) his-asws hands: ‘Like this’, and he-asws wiped one of them with the other, and he-asws said: ‘They were the lesbians with the lesbians, meaning the women with the women’’.[160]
7 كَنْزُ الْفَوَائِدِ لِلْكَرَاجُكِيِّ، رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي حَدِيثٍ ذَكَرَ فِيهِ إِتْيَانَ رَجُلٍ جُهَنِيٍّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ إِسْلَامَهُ عَلَى يَدِهِ وَ أَنَّهُمْ تَحَدَّثُوا يَوْماً فِي ذِكْرِ الْقُبُورِ وَ الْجُهَنِيُّ حَاضِرٌ فَحَدَّثَهُمْ أَنَّ جُهَيْنَةَ بْنَ الْعوسَانِ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَشْيَاخِهِ أَنَّ سَنَةً نَزَلَتْ بِهِمْ حَتَّى أَكَلُوا ذَخَائِرَهُمْ
‘Kanz Al Fawaid’ of Al karajaky – It is reported by Ibn Abbas in a Hadeeth mentioning in it,
‘A man from Jahny came to Rasool-Allah-saww and became a Muslim upon his-saww hands, and one day they were discussing regarding the grave and the Jahny was present, and he narrated to them that Juhayna Bin Al-Awsan informed him from sheykhs that drought had befallen with them until they had eaten their food store.
فَخَرَجُوا مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْإِزْلِ وَ هُمْ جَمَاعَةٌ فِي طَلَبِ النَّبَاتِ فَجَنَّهُمُ اللَّيْلُ فَأَوَوْا إِلَى مَغَارَةٍ وَ كَانَتِ الْبِلَادُ مَسْبَعَةً وَ هُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
They went out due to severity of the difficulties and they were a group seeking the vegetation. The night came and they took shelter to a cave; and the area was full of wild animals and they were not knowing’.
قَالَ فَحَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ مَالِكٌ قَالَ رَأَيْنَا فِي الْغَارِ أَشْبَالًا فَخَرَجْنَا هَارِبِينَ حَتَّى دَخَلْنَا وَهْدَةً مِنْ وِهَادِ الْأَرْضِ بَعْدَ مَا تَبَاعَدْنَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ فَأَصَبْنَا عَلَى بَابِ الْوَهْدَةِ حَجَراً مُطَبِّقاً فَتَعَاوَنَّا عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى قَلَبْنَاهُ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ قَاعِدٌ عَلَيْهِ جُبَّةُ صُوفٍ وَ فِي يَدِهِ خَاتَمٌ عَلَيْهِ مَكْتُوبٌ أَنَا حَنْظَلَةُ بْنُ صَفْوَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ
He said: ‘A man from them called Malik narrated to me, he said, ‘We saw several lion cubs in the cave, so we went out fleeing until we entered a ravine from the ravines of the earth after we were remote from that place. We found a rock at the door of the ravine blocking it. We assisted each other upon it until we overturned it, and there was a man seated having a woollen coat upon him, and in his hand was a ring upon which was inscribed: ‘I am Hanzala Bin Safwan-as, a Messenger of Allah-azwj’.
وَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ كِتَابٌ فِي صَحِيفَةِ نُحَاسٍ فِيهِ بَعَثَنِيَ اللَّهُ إِلَى حِمْيَرٍ وَ هَمْدَانَ وَ الْعَزِيزِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ بَشِيراً وَ نَذِيراً فَكَذَّبُونِي وَ قَتَلُونِي
And by his head was a letter in a bRas parchment, in it was: ‘Allah-azwj Sent me-as to Humeyr and Hamdan, and Al-Aziz from the people of Al-Yemen as a giver of glad tidings and as a Warner, but they belied me-as and killed me-as’.
فَأَعَادُوا الصَّخْرَةَ عَلَى مَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ فِي مَوْضِعِهَا
So, they returned the rock upon what it used to be in its place’’.[161] (P.S. – Is this a Hadeeth?)
باب 14 قصة شعيا و حيقوق ع
CHAPTER 14 – STORY OF SHAYA-as (ISIAH) AND HAYQOUQ-as (HABAKKUK)
1- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى جَلَّتْ قُدْرَتُهُ إِلَى شَعْيَا ع أَنِّي مُهْلِكٌ مِنْ قَوْمِكَ مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفاً مِنْ شِرَارِهِمْ وَ سِتِّينَ أَلْفاً مِنْ خِيَارِهِمْ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, by his chain from Jabir,
‘From Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted, Majestic is His-azwj Power, Revealed to Shaya-as: “I-azwj shall be Destroying from your-as people, one hundred and forty thousand from their evil ones and sixty thousands of their good ones!”
فَقَالَ ع هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَشْرَارُ فَمَا بَالُ الْأَخْيَارِ فَقَالَ دَاهَنُوا أَهْلَ الْمَعَاصِي فَلَمْ يَغْضَبُوا لِغَضَبِي
He-asws said: ‘These are the evil ones, but what is the matter (problem) with the good ones?’ He-azwj Said: “They sweet-talked with the disobedient people and they did not get angered to My-azwj Wrath!”[162]
2- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ قَالَ: كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مَلِكٌ فِي زَمَانِ شَعْيَا وَ هُمْ مُتَابِعُونَ مُطِيعُونَ لِلَّهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ ابْتَدَعُوا الْبِدَعَ فَأَتَاهُمْ مَلِكُ بَابِلَ وَ كَانَ نَبِيُّهُمْ يُخْبِرُهُمْ بِغَضَبِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq by his chain fro Wahab Bin Munabbih (Yemei scholar expert in Judeo Christian literature), said,
‘Among the children of Israel there was a king in the era of Shaya-as (Isiah) and they were followers, obedient to Allah-azwj. Then they innovated innovations so a king of Babel came, and he-as was their Prophet-as informed them of the Wrath of Allah-azwj upon them.
فَلَمَّا نَظَرُوا إِلَى مَا لَا قِبَلَ لَهُمْ مِنَ الْجُنُودِ تَابُوا وَ تَضَرَّعُوا فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى شَعْيَا أَنِّي قَبِلْتُ تَوْبَتَهُمْ لِصَلَاحِ آبَائِهِمْ
When they looked at the armies what there was not strength for them to face, they repented and beseeched. Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to Shaya-as: “I-azwj have Accepted their repentance due to the righteousness of their forefathers!”
وَ مَلِكُهُمْ كَانَ قَرْحَةٌ بِسَاقِهِ وَ كَانَ عَبْداً صَالِحاً فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى شَعْيَا ع أَنْ مُرْ مَلِكَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَلْيُوصِ وَصِيَّتَهُ وَ لْيَسْتَخْلِفْ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ فَإِنِّي قَابِضُهُ يَوْمَ كَذَا فَلْيَعْهَدْ عَهْدَهُ
And they kind was a sore in his leg, and he was a righteous servant. Allah the Exalted Revealed to Shaya-as to instruct the king of the children of Israel to bequeath to his successor and to make him a caliph from the people of his household upon the children of Israel, for I-azwj shall be Recalling him on such a such day, and let him make his pact!”
فَأَخْبَرَهُ شَعْيَا بِرِسَالَتِهِ تَعَالَى عَزَّ وَ عَلَا فَلَمَّا قَالَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى التَّضَرُّعِ وَ الدُّعَاءِ وَ الْبُكَاءِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ ابْتَدَأْتَنِي بِالْخَيْرِ مِنْ أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ وَ سَبَّبْتَهُ لِي وَ أَنْتَ فِيمَا أَسْتَقْبِلُ رَجَائِي وَ ثِقَتِي فَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ بِلَا عَمَلٍ صَالِحٍ سَلَفَ مِنِّي وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ مِنِّي بِنَفْسِي أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُؤَخِّرَ عَنِّيَ الْمَوْتَ وَ تُنْسِئَ لِي فِي عُمُرِي وَ تَسْتَعْمِلَنِي بِمَا تُحِبُّ وَ تَرْضَى
Shaya-as informed him of the Message of the Exalted, Mighty and Lofty. When he-as said that him, he turned to the beseeching and supplication and the crying. He said, ‘O Allah-azwj! You-azwj have Initiated me with the good from the first day and Caused it for me, and You-azwj are my hope and my trust in what is in the future! For You-azwj is the Praise without any prior righteous deed from me, and You-azwj are more Knowing than I am with myself! I ask You-azwj to Delay the death from me and Postpone for me in my lifespan and Utilise me in what You-azwj Like and are Pleased with!”
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى شَعْيَا أَنِّي رَحِمْتُ تَضَرُّعَهُ وَ اسْتَجَبْتُ دَعْوَتَهُ وَ قَدْ زِدْتُ فِي عُمُرِهِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً فَمُرْهُ فَلْيُدَاوِ قَرْحَتَهُ بِمَاءِ التِّينِ فَإِنِّي قَدْ جَعَلْتُهُ شِفَاءً مِمَّا هُوَ فِيهِ وَ أَنِّي قَدْ كَفَيْتُهُ وَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مَئُونَةَ عَدُوِّهِمْ
Allah the Exalted Revealed to Shaya-as: “I-azwj have Mercied his beseeching and have Answered his supplication and have Increased in his lifespan by fifteen years, so instruct him to medicate his sore with clay water, for I-azwj will Make it a healing from what (predicament) he is in, and I-azwj shall Suffice him and the children of Israel the burden of their enemies!”
فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحُوا وَجَدُوا جُنُودَ مَلَكِ بَابِلَ مَصْرُوعِينَ فِي عَسْكَرِهِمْ مَوْتَى لَمْ يُفْلِتْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا مَلِكُهُمْ وَ خَمْسَةُ نَفَرٍ فَلَمَّا نَظَرُوا إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِمْ وَ مَا أَصَابَهُمْ كَرُّوا مُنْهَزِمِينَ إِلَى أَرْضِ بَابِلَ وَ ثَبَتَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ مُتَوَازِرِينَ عَلَى الْخَيْرِ
When they came to the morning, they found armies of the king of Babel having been struck down in their camps dead. Not one of them had escaped except their king and five persons. When they looked at their companions and what had afflicted them, they retreated being defeated to the land of Babel, and the children of Israel were steadfast supporting each other upon the good deed.
فَلَمَّا مَاتَ مَلِكُهُمْ ابْتَدَعُوا الْبِدَعَ وَ دَعَا كُلٌّ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ شَعْيَا ع يَأْمُرُهُمْ وَ يَنْهَاهُمْ فَلَا يَقْبَلُونَ حَتَّى أَهْلَكَهُمُ اللَّهُ
When their king died, they innovated the innovations and each one called to himself, and Shaya-as was instructing them and forbidding them but they were not accepting, until Allah-azwj Destroyed them’.[163]
Note –
وَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ سَلَامٍ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ص عَنْ شَعْيَا ع فَقَالَ هُوَ الَّذِي بَشَّرَ بِي وَ بِأَخِي عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ع
And from Anas, ‘Abdullah Bin Salam asked the Prophet-saww about Shaya-as. He-saww said: ‘He-as is the one who had given glad tidings of me and of my-saww brother Isa Ibn Maryam-as’.
3- ج، الإحتجاج ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام يد، التوحيد عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع فِيمَا احْتَجَّ عَلَى أَرْبَابِ الْمِلَلِ قَالَ ع لِلْجَاثَلِيقِ يَا نَصْرَانِيُّ كَيْفَ عِلْمُكَ بِكِتَابِ شَعْيَا قَالَ أَعْرِفُهُ حَرْفاً حَرْفاً فَقَالَ لَهُ وَ لِرَأْسِ الْجَالُوتِ أَ تَعْرِفَانِ هَذَا مِنْ كَلَامِهِ يَا قَوْمِ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ صُورَةَ رَاكِبِ الْحِمَارِ لَابِساً جَلَابِيبَ النُّورِ وَ رَأَيْتُ رَاكِبَ الْبَعِيرِ ضَوْؤُهُ مِثْلُ ضَوْءِ الْقَمَرِ فَقَالا قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ شَعْيَا
‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – From Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Nowfaly,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, among what he-asws argued against the priests of the religions, he-asws said to the Catholic: ‘O Christian! How is your knowledge of the Book of Shaya-as?’ He said, ‘I recognise it word by word’. He-asws said to him and to Ra’s Al-Jalout: ‘Do you both recognise this as being from his-as speech: ‘O people! I-as am an image wearing two robes of light riding a donkey, and I-as saw a rider of the camel, his radiance was like the radiance of the moon’?’ They said, ‘Shaya-as did say that’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ ع وَ قَالَ شَعْيَا النَّبِيُّ فِيمَا تَقُولُ أَنْتَ وَ أَصْحَابُكَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ رَأَيْتُ رَاكِبَيْنِ أَضَاءَ لَهُمَا الْأَرْضُ أَحَدُهُمَا عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَ الْآخَرُ عَلَى جَمَلٍ فَمَنْ رَاكِبُ الْحِمَارِ وَ مَنْ رَاكِبُ الْجَمَلِ
Then he-asws said: ‘And the Prophet Shaya-as said regarding in the Torah, what you and your companions are saying: ‘I-as saw two riders, the ground had illuminated for them, one of them was upon a donkey and the other upon a camel’. Who is the rider of the donkey? And who is the rider of the camel?’
قَالَ رَأْسُ الْجَالُوتِ لَا أَعْرِفُهُمَا فَخَبِّرْنِي بِهِمَا قَالَ أَمَّا رَاكِبُ الْحِمَارِ فَعِيسَى وَ أَمَّا رَاكِبُ الْجَمَلِ فَمُحَمَّدٌ ص أَ تُنْكِرُ هَذَا مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ قَالَ لَا مَا أُنْكِرُهُ
Ra’s Al-Jalout said, ‘I do not recognise them’. He-asws said: ‘As for the rider of the donkey, it is Isa-as, and as for the rider of the donkey, it is Muhammad-saww. Are you denying this from the Torah?’ He said, ‘No, I do not deny it’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ الرِّضَا ع هَلْ تَعْرِفُ حَيْقُوقَ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنِّي بِهِ لَعَارِفٌ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ وَ كِتَابُكُمْ يَنْطِقُ بِهِ جَاءَ اللَّهُ بِالْبَيَانِ مِنْ جَبَلِ فَارَانَ وَ امْتَلَأَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ مِنْ تَسْبِيحِ أَحْمَدَ وَ أُمَّتِهِ يَحْمِلُ خَيْلَهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ كَمَا يَحْمِلُ فِي الْبَرِّ يَأْتِينَا بِكِتَابٍ جَدِيدٍ بَعْدَ خَرَابِ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ يَعْنِي بِالْكِتَابِ الْقُرْآنَ أَ تَعْرِفُ هَذَا وَ تُؤْمِنُ بِهِ قَالَ رَأْسُ الْجَالُوتِ قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ حَيْقُوقُ النَّبِيُّ وَ لَا نُنْكِرُ قَوْلَهُ
Then Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Do you recognise the Prophet Hayqouq-as?’ He said, ‘Yes, I am a recogniser of him-as’. He-asws said: ‘He-as said, and your Books speak with it: ‘Allah-azwj shall Come with the explanation from the mount Faran, and the skies would be filled up from the glorification of Ahmad-saww and his-saww community. His-saww horses will carry in the sea just as they carry in the land. He-saww will come to us with a new Book after the ruination of Bayt al-Maqdas’ – meaning by the Book, the Quran. Do you recognise this and believe in it?’ Ra’s Al-Jalout said, ‘Hayqouq-as the Prophet-as had said that, and we do not deny his-as words’’.[164]
باب 15 قصص زكريا و يحيى ع
CHAPTER 15 – STORY OF ZAKARIYYA-as AND YAHYA-as
الآيات آل عمران هُنالِكَ دَعا زَكَرِيَّا رَبَّهُ قالَ رَبِّ هَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً طَيِّبَةً إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعاءِ
The Verses – (Surah Aal-e-Imran): That is where Zakariyya supplicated to his Lord. He said: ‘My Lord! Grant me good offspring from You, surely You are the Hearer of the supplication’ [3:38]
فَنادَتْهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ وَ هُوَ قائِمٌ يُصَلِّي فِي الْمِحْرابِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكَ بِيَحْيى مُصَدِّقاً بِكَلِمَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ سَيِّداً وَ حَصُوراً وَ نَبِيًّا مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
So the Angels called out to him as he stood praying in the Prayer Niche: ‘Allah Gives you the good news of Yahya verifying a Word from Allah, and is a chief, and chaste, and a Prophet from the righteous ones’ [3:39]
قالَ رَبِّ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لِي غُلامٌ وَ قَدْ بَلَغَنِيَ الْكِبَرُ وَ امْرَأَتِي عاقِرٌ قالَ كَذلِكَ اللَّهُ يَفْعَلُ ما يَشاءُ
He said: ‘Lord! How can there happen to be a boy for me and old age has reached me and my wife is barren?’ He said: “It would be like that! Allah Does whatever He so Desires to” [3:40]
قالَ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ لِي آيَةً قالَ آيَتُكَ أَلَّا تُكَلِّمَ النَّاسَ ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَّا رَمْزاً وَ اذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ كَثِيراً وَ سَبِّحْ بِالْعَشِيِّ وَ الْإِبْكارِ
He said: ‘My Lord! Make a Sign to be for me’. He Said: “Your Sign is that you should not speak to the people for three days except by gestures; and remember your Lord much and Glorify Him in the evening and the morning” [3:41]
مريم كهيعص
(Surah) Maryam-as: Kaf Ha Ya Ayn Suad [19:1]
ذِكْرُ رَحْمَتِ رَبِّكَ عَبْدَهُ زَكَرِيَّا
Mention the Mercy of your Lord unto His servant Zakariyya [19:2]
إِذْ نادى رَبَّهُ نِداءً خَفِيًّا
When he called out to his Lord, a secretive calling [19:3]
قالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَهَنَ الْعَظْمُ مِنِّي وَ اشْتَعَلَ الرَّأْسُ شَيْباً وَ لَمْ أَكُنْ بِدُعائِكَ رَبِّ شَقِيًّا
He said: ‘My Lord! Surely the bones have weakened from me, and the head shines with grey hair, and I have not been unfortunate in my supplication You, Lord!’ [19:4]
وَ إِنِّي خِفْتُ الْمَوالِيَ مِنْ وَرائِي وَ كانَتِ امْرَأَتِي عاقِراً فَهَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ وَلِيًّا
And I fear my successors from after me, and my wife is barren, therefore Grant me an heir from You [19:5]
يَرِثُنِي وَ يَرِثُ مِنْ آلِ يَعْقُوبَ وَ اجْعَلْهُ رَبِّ رَضِيًّا
Who would inherit me and inherit from the Progeny of Yaqoub, and Make him, my Lord, the one whom You are well Pleased with’ [19:6]
يا زَكَرِيَّا إِنَّا نُبَشِّرُكَ بِغُلامٍ اسْمُهُ يَحْيى لَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ سَمِيًّا
(The Angel said): ‘O Zakariyya! We Give you glad tidings of a boy whose name shall be Yahya. We have not Made it to be a name from before (for anyone else)’ [19:7]
قالَ رَبِّ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لِي غُلامٌ وَ كانَتِ امْرَأَتِي عاقِراً وَ قَدْ بَلَغْتُ مِنَ الْكِبَرِ عِتِيًّا
He said: “Lord! How can there happen to be a son for me and my wife was sterile, and I have reached infirmity from old age?’ [19:8]
قالَ كَذلِكَ قالَ رَبُّكَ هُوَ عَلَيَّ هَيِّنٌ وَ قَدْ خَلَقْتُكَ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ لَمْ تَكُ شَيْئاً
He said: ‘Like that (it shall be). Your Lord Says: “It is easy upon Me, and I have Created you from before and you were not a thing” [19:9]
قالَ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ لِي آيَةً قالَ آيَتُكَ أَلَّا تُكَلِّمَ النَّاسَ ثَلاثَ لَيالٍ سَوِيًّا
He said: ‘Lord! Make a Sign to be for me!’ He Said: “Your Sign is, you will not speak to the people for three consecutive nights” [19:10]
فَخَرَجَ عَلى قَوْمِهِ مِنَ الْمِحْرابِ فَأَوْحى إِلَيْهِمْ أَنْ سَبِّحُوا بُكْرَةً وَ عَشِيًّا
So he went out to his people from the prayer niche, and he revealed to them that they should be Glorifying (Allah) morning and evening [19:11]
يا يَحْيى خُذِ الْكِتابَ بِقُوَّةٍ وَ آتَيْناهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا
“O Yahya! Grab the Book with strength”; and We Gave him the Wisdom as a boy [19:12]
وَ حَناناً مِنْ لَدُنَّا وَ زَكاةً وَ كانَ تَقِيًّا
And tenderness from Us and purity, and he was pious [19:13]
وَ بَرًّا بِوالِدَيْهِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ جَبَّاراً عَصِيًّا
And rightful with his parents, and he was not insolent, disobedient [19:14]
وَ سَلامٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَ يَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَيًّا
And peace be on him on the day he was born, and on the day he died, and on the day he would be Resurrected alive [19:15]
الأنبياء وَ زَكَرِيَّا إِذْ نادى رَبَّهُ رَبِّ لا تَذَرْنِي فَرْداً وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْوارِثِينَ
(Surah) Al-Anbiyaa: And Zakariyya, when he called out to his Lord: ‘Lord! Do not leave me as an individual, and you are the best of the inheritors [21:89]
فَاسْتَجَبْنا لَهُ وَ وَهَبْنا لَهُ يَحْيى وَ أَصْلَحْنا لَهُ زَوْجَهُ إِنَّهُمْ كانُوا يُسارِعُونَ فِي الْخَيْراتِ وَ يَدْعُونَنا رَغَباً وَ رَهَباً وَ كانُوا لَنا خاشِعِينَ
So We Answered him and Gifted Yahya to him and We Corrected his wife for him. They were being swift in the good deeds and supplicating to Us, hoping and fearing, and they were humble to Us [21:90]
1- فس، تفسير القمي وَ أَصْلَحْنا لَهُ زَوْجَهُ قَالَ كَانَتْ لَا تَحِيضُ فَحَاضَتْ
(opinion)[165]
2 – ن: ماجيلويه، عن علي، عن أبيه، عن الريان بن شبيب قال: دخلت على الرضا عليه السلام في أول يوم من المحرم، فقال: يا ابن شبيب أصائم أنت ؟ فقلت: لا، فقال: إن هذا اليوم هو اليوم الذي دعا فيه زكريا عليه السلام ربه فقال: ” رب هب لي من لدنك ذرية طيبة إنك سميع الدعاء “
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-azwj’ – Majaylawiya, from Ali, from his father, from Al Rayan Bin Shabeeb who said,
‘I went to see Al-Reza-asws during the first day of Muharram. He-asws said: ‘O Ibn Shabeeb! Are you fasting?’ I said, ‘No’. He-asws said: ‘This day, it is the day during which Zakariyya-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj: He said: ‘My Lord! Grant me good offspring from You, surely You are the Hearer of the supplication’ [3:38].
2- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الرَّيَّانِ بْنِ شَبِيبٍ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى الرِّضَا ع فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنَ الْمُحَرَّمِ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ شَبِيبٍ أَ صَائِمٌ أَنْتَ فَقُلْتُ لَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ هُوَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي دَعَا فِيهِ زَكَرِيَّا ع رَبَّهُ فَقَالَ رَبِّ هَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً طَيِّبَةً إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعاءِ فَاسْتَجَابَ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ أَمَرَ الْمَلَائِكَةَ فَنَادَتْ زَكَرِيَّا وَ هُوَ قائِمٌ يُصَلِّي فِي الْمِحْرابِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكَ بِيَحْيى فَمَنْ صَامَ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ ثُمَّ دَعَا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اسْتَجَابَ اللَّهُ لَهُ كَمَا اسْتَجَابَ لِزَكَرِيَّا ع
Allah-azwj Answered to him-as and Commanded the Angels, So the Angels called out to him as he stood praying in the Prayer Niche: ‘Allah Gives you the good news of Yahya s’ [3:39]. The one who fasts this day then supplicates to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, it will be Answered for him just as it was Answered for Zakariyya-as’’.[166]
3- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمُكَارِي عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ مَا عَنَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِقَوْلِهِ فِي يَحْيَى وَ حَناناً مِنْ لَدُنَّا وَ زَكاةً قَالَ تَحَنُّنَ اللَّهِ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Ali Bin Muhammad, from one of his companions, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abu Saeed Al Makary, from Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘What does Allah-azwj Mean by His-azwj Words regarding Yahya-as: And tenderness from Us and purity, [19:13]?’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj was Tender (with him-as)’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا بَلَغَ مِنْ تَحَنُّنِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ كَانَ إِذَا قَالَ يَا رَبِّ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ لَبَّيْكَ يَا يَحْيَى
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘What reached of the Tenderness of Allah-azwj upon him-as?’ He-asws said: ‘It was so that whenever he-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to him-as: ‘Here I-azwj am, O Yahya-as.[167]
4 لي، الأمالي للصدوق الْقَطَّانُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي شَحْمَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ الْقُنَانِيِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ حَسَّانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْوَاسِطِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ لَهِيعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي قُبَيْلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ مِنْ زُهْدِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع أَنَّهُ أَتَى بَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الْمُجْتَهِدِينَ مِنَ الْأَحْبَارِ وَ الرُّهْبَانِ عَلَيْهِمْ مَدَارِعُ الشَّعْرِ وَ بَرَانِسُ الصُّوفِ وَ إِذَا هُمْ قَدْ خَرَقُوا تَرَاقِيَهُمْ وَ سَلَكُوا فِيهَا السَّلَاسِلَ وَ شَدُّوهَا إِلَى سَوَارِي الْمَسْجِدِ
Al Qatan, from Muhamad Bin Saeed Bin Abu Shahma, from Abdullah Bin Saeed Bin Hashim Al Qanany, from Ahmad bin salih, from Hasan Bin Abdullah Al Waisty, from Abdullah Bin Lahaya, from Abu Qabeel, from Abdullah Bin Umar who said,
‘‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Who is more ascetic than Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as. He-as came to Bayt Al-Maqdas and looked at the diligent ones from the monks and the rabbis, upon them were furry coats and a woollen hood, and they had tied chains around their necks and fastened themselves to the pillars of the Masjid.
فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ أَتَى أُمَّهُ فَقَالَ يَا أُمَّاهْ انْسِجِي لِي مِدْرَعَةً مِنْ شَعْرٍ وَ بُرْنُساً مِنْ صُوفٍ حَتَّى آتِيَ بَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ فَأَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْأَحْبَارِ وَ الرُّهْبَانِ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ أُمُّهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ وَ أُؤَامِرَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ
When he-as looked at that, he-as went over to his-as mother and said: ‘O mother! Knit for me a coat of fur and a woollen hood, until I-as go to Bayt Al-Maqdas and worship Allah-azwj along with the monks and the Rabbis’. His-as mother said to him-as, ‘(Wait) until the Prophet-as of Allah-azwj comes and I seek his-as instructions regarding that’.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ زَكَرِيَّا ع أَخْبَرَتْهُ بِمَقَالَةِ يَحْيَى فَقَالَ لَهُ زَكَرِيَّا يَا بُنَيَّ مَا يَدْعُوكَ إِلَى هَذَا وَ إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ صَبِيٌّ صَغِيرٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَهْ أَ مَا رَأَيْتَ مَنْ هُوَ أَصْغَرُ سِنّاً مِنِّي قَدْ ذَاقَ الْمَوْتَ قَالَ بَلَى
When Zakariyya-as came, she informed him-as of the speech of Yahya-as. Zakariyya-as said to him-as: ‘O my-as son-as! What called you to this, and rather you-as are a young child’ He-as said to him-as: ‘O father-as! But have you-as not seen one who is younger in age than me-as, and the death had come to him?’ He-as said: ‘Yes’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِأُمِّهِ انْسِجِي لَهُ مِدْرَعَةً مِنْ شَعْرٍ وَ بُرْنُساً مِنْ صُوفٍ فَفَعَلَتْ فَتَدَرَّعَ الْمِدْرَعَةَ عَلَى بَدَنِهِ وَ وَضَعَ الْبُرْنُسَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ثُمَّ أَتَى بَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ فَأَقْبَلَ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَعَ الْأَحْبَارِ حَتَّى أَكَلَتْ مِدْرَعَةُ الشَّعْرِ لَحْمَهُ
Then he-as said to his-as mother: ‘Weave a furry coat for him-as and a woollen hood’. So she did. Then he-as wore the coat upon his-as body and placed the hoot upon his-as head, then went to Bayt al-Maqdas, and went on to worship Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic to the extent that the furry coat ate into his-as flesh.
فَنَظَرَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِلَى مَا قَدْ نَحَلَ مِنْ جِسْمِهِ فَبَكَى فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا يَحْيَى أَ تَبْكِي مِمَّا قَدْ نَحَلَ مِنْ جِسْمِكَ وَ عِزَّتِي وَ جَلَالِي لَوِ اطَّلَعْتَ إِلَى النَّارِ اطِّلَاعَةً لَتَدَرَّعْتَ مِدْرَعَةَ الْحَدِيدِ فَضْلًا عَنِ الْمَنْسُوجِ فَبَكَى حَتَّى أَكَلَتِ الدُّمُوعُ لَحْمَ خَدَّيْهِ وَ بَدَا لِلنَّاظِرِينَ أَضْرَاسُهُ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ أُمَّهُ فَدَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَقْبَلَ زَكَرِيَّا ع وَ اجْتَمَعَ الْأَحْبَارُ وَ الرُّهْبَانُ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ بِذَهَابِ لَحْمِ خَدَّيْهِ فَقَالَ مَا شَعَرْتُ بِذَلِكَ
Then, one day he-as looked at what had dissolved from his-as body, and he-as cried. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto him-as: “O Yahya-as! Are you-as crying from what has melted from your-as body?” He-as cried until the tears ate into the flesh of his-as cheeks, and his-as teeth appeared to the beholders. (The news of) that reached his-as mother, and Zakariyya-as came and gathered the monks and the rabbis, and they informed him-as of the going away of the flesh of his-as cheeks. He (Yahya-as) said: ‘I-as was not aware of that’.
فَقَالَ زَكَرِيَّا ع يَا بُنَيَّ مَا يَدْعُوكَ إِلَى هَذَا إِنَّمَا سَأَلْتُ رَبِّي أَنْ يَهَبَكَ لِي لِتَقَرَّ بِكَ عَيْنِي قَالَ أَنْتَ أَمَرْتَنِي بِذَلِكَ يَا أَبَهْ قَالَ وَ مَتَى ذَلِكَ يَا بُنَيَّ قَالَ أَ لَسْتَ الْقَائِلَ إِنَّ بَيْنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ النَّارِ لَعَقَبَةً لَا يَجُوزُهَا إِلَّا الْبَكَّاءُونَ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ قَالَ بَلَى فَجِدَّ وَ اجْتَهِدْ وَ شَأْنُكَ غَيْرُ شَأْنِي
Zakariyya-as said: ‘O my-as son-as! What called you to this? But rather, I-as had asked My-as Lord-azwj to Grant you-as to me-as for my-as eyes to be delighted with you-as!’ He-as said: ‘You-as instructed me-as with that, O father-as!’ He-as said: ‘And when was that, O my-as son-as?’ He-as said: ‘Isn’t is the saying that between Paradise and the Fire there is such an obstacle which none can cross over it except the weepers from the fear of Allah-azwj’ He-as said: ‘Yes, therefore strive and be diligent, and your-as pre-occupation is other than my-as pre-occupation’.
فَقَامَ يَحْيَى فَنَفَضَ مِدْرَعَتَهُ فَأَخَذَتْهُ أُمُّهُ فَقَالَتْ أَ تَأْذَنُ يَا بُنَيَّ أَنْ أَتَّخِذَ لَكَ قِطْعَتَيْ لُبُودٍ تُوَارِيَانِ أَضْرَاسَكَ وَ تُنَشِّفَانِ دُمُوعَكَ فَقَالَ لَهَا شَأْنَكِ فَاتَّخَذَتْ لَهُ قِطْعَتَيْ لُبُودٍ تُوَارِيَانِ أَضْرَاسَهُ وَ تُنَشِّفَانِ دُمُوعَهُ حَتَّى ابْتَلَّتَا مِنْ دُمُوعِ عَيْنَيْهِ
Yahya-as arose and shook his-as coat. His-as mother took it, and she said, ‘Will you-as allow me, O my son-as, that I take two pieces of wood and cover the exposure of your-as teeth, and wipe your-as tears?’ He-as said to her: ‘Up to you’. She took two pieces of wood to cover the exposure of his-as teeth, and wiped his-as tears, and he-as cried until he was tired from the tears of his-as eyes.
فَحَسَرَ عَنْ ذِرَاعَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَخَذَهُمَا فَعَصَرَهُمَا فَتَحَدَّرَ الدُّمُوعُ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصَابِعِهِ فَنَظَرَ زَكَرِيَّا ع إِلَى ابْنِهِ وَ إِلَى دُمُوعِ عَيْنَيْهِ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ هَذَا ابْنِي وَ هَذِهِ دُمُوعُ عَيْنَيْهِ وَ أَنْتَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ
Then he-as took off his-as coat and squeezed it on his-as forearms, and the tears rolled from between his-as fingers. Zakariyya-as looked at his-as son-as, and at the tears or his-as eyes, so he-as raised his-as head towards the sky and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! This is my-as son-as, and these are his-as tears of his-as eyes, and You-azwj are the most Merciful of the merciful ones!’
وَ كَانَ زَكَرِيَّا ع إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَعِظَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يَلْتَفِتُ يَمِيناً وَ شِمَالًا فَإِنْ رَأَى يَحْيَى ع لَمْ يَذْكُرْ جَنَّةً وَ لَا نَاراً فَجَلَسَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ يَعِظُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ أَقْبَلَ يَحْيَى قَدْ لَفَّ رَأْسَهُ بِعَبَاءَةٍ فَجَلَسَ فِي غُمَارِ النَّاسِ وَ الْتَفَتَ زَكَرِيَّا ع يَمِيناً وَ شِمَالًا فَلَمْ يَرَ يَحْيَى
And it was so that Zakariyya-as, whenever he-as wanted to preach to the Children of Israel, turned right and left, so if he-as saw Yahya-as, he-as would neither mention Paradise nor Fire. One day he-as was seated preaching to the Children of Israel and Yahya-as came over, and he-as had wrapped his-as head with a cloak, and he-as was among the crowd of the people, and Zakariyya-as turned right and left, but did not see Yahya-as.
فَأَنْشَأَ يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنِي حَبِيبِي جَبْرَئِيلُ ع عَنِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِنَّ فِي جَهَنَّمَ جَبَلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ السَّكْرَانُ فِي أَصْلِ ذَلِكَ الْجَبَلِ وَادٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ الْغَضْبَانُ لِغَضَبِ الرَّحْمَنِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَادِي جُبٌّ قَامَتُهُ مِائَةُ عَامٍ فِي ذَلِكَ الْجُبِّ تَوَابِيتُ مِنْ نَارٍ فِي تِلْكَ التَّوَابِيتِ صَنَادِيقُ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ ثِيَابٌ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ سَلَاسِلُ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ أَغْلَالٌ مِنْ نَارٍ
He-as began by saying: ‘My-as beloved Jibraeel-as narrated to me-as, from Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted that in Hell there is a mountain called Al-Sakran, and at the base of that mountain there is a valley called Al-Gazban, due to the Wrath (Gazab) of the Beneficent Blessed and Exalted. In that valley, there is a pit the depth of which is a hundred years. In that pit, there are coffins of fire. In those coffins there are boxes of fire, and clothes of fire, and chains of fire, and shackles of fire’.
فَرَفَعَ يَحْيَى ع رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ وَا غَفْلَتَاهْ مِنَ السَّكْرَانِ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ هَائِماً عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَقَامَ زَكَرِيَّا ع مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ فَدَخَلَ عَلَى أُمِّ يَحْيَى فَقَالَ لَهَا يَا أُمَّ يَحْيَى قُومِي فَاطْلُبِي يَحْيَى فَإِنِّي قَدْ تَخَوَّفْتُ أَنْ لَا نَرَاهُ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ ذَاقَ الْمَوْتَ
Yahya-as raised his-as head and said: ‘Alas, the heedlessness from Al-Sakran!’ Then he-as fell upon his-as face. So Zakariyya-as arose from his-as gathering and went to the mother of Yahya-as and said to her: ‘O mother of Yahya-as! Arise and seek Yahya-as, for I-as fear that we will not see him-as except and he-as has tasted the death’.
فَقَامَتْ فَخَرَجَتْ فِي طَلَبِهِ حَتَّى مَرَّتْ بِفِتْيَانٍ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالُوا لَهَا يَا أُمَّ يَحْيَى أَيْنَ تُرِيدِينَ قَالَتْ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَطْلُبَ وَلَدِي يَحْيَى ذُكِرَتِ النَّارُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَهَامَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ
She arose and went out in seeking Yahya-as, until she passed by two youths from the Children of Israel, and they said to her, ‘O mother of Yahya-as! Where are you intending (to go)?’ She said, ‘I want to seek my son-as Yahya-as. The Fire was mentioned in front of him-as, so he-as fell upon his-as face’.
فَمَضَتْ أُمُّ يَحْيَى وَ الْفِتْيَةُ مَعَهَا حَتَّى مَرَّتْ بِرَاعِي غَنَمٍ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ يَا رَاعِي هَلْ رَأَيْتَ شَابّاً مِنْ صِفَتِهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَقَالَ لَهَا لَعَلَّكِ تَطْلُبِينَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا قَالَتْ نَعَمْ ذَاكَ وَلَدِي ذُكِرَتِ النَّارُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَهَامَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ
Then the mother of Yahya-as went and the youths were with her, until she passed by a shepherd of sheep, and she said to him, ‘O shepherd! Did you see a youth of such and such a description?’ He said to her, ‘Perhaps you are seeking Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as?’ She said, ‘Yes, that is my son-as. The Fire was mentioned in front of him-as, so he-as fell upon his-as face’.
قَالَ إِنِّي تَرَكْتُهُ السَّاعَةَ عَلَى عَقَبَةِ ثَنِيَّةِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا نَاقِعاً قَدَمَيْهِ فِي الْمَاءِ رَافِعاً بَصَرَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ يَقُولُ وَ عِزَّتِكَ مَوْلَايَ لَا ذُقْتُ بَارِدَ الشَّرَابِ حَتَّى أَنْظُرَ إِلَى مَنْزِلَتِي مِنْكَ
He said, ‘I left him-as a while ago being at such and such a place, soaking his-as feet in the water, raising his-as sight towards the sky saying: ‘By Your-azwj Mighty, O my-as Master-azwj! I will not taste the coolness of the drink until I-as look at my-as position from You-azwj!’
فَأَقْبَلَتْ أُمُّهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ أُمُّ يَحْيَى دَنَتْ مِنْهُ فَأَخَذَتْ بِرَأْسِهِ فَوَضَعَتْهُ بَيْنَ ثَدْيَيْهَا وَ هِيَ تُنَاشِدُهُ بِاللَّهِ أَنْ يَنْطَلِقَ مَعَهَا إِلَى الْمَنْزِلِ فَانْطَلَقَ مَعَهَا حَتَّى أَتَى الْمَنْزِلَ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ أُمُّ يَحْيَى هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تَخْلَعَ مِدْرَعَةَ الشَّعْرِ وَ تَلْبَسَ مِدْرَعَةَ الصُّوفِ فَإِنَّهُ أَلْيَنُ
Then his-as mother came over. When the mother of Yahya-as saw him-as, she approached him-as and seized him-as by his-as head and placed him-as in front of her, and she was adjuring him-as by Allah-azwj, to go with her to the house. He-as went with her until she came to the house, and his-as mother said to him-as, ‘Can it be for you-as that you-as remove the furry coat and wear the woollen coat, for it is softer?’
فَفَعَلَ وَ طُبِخَ لَهُ عَدَسٌ فَأَكَلَ وَ اسْتَوْفَى فَنَامَ فَذَهَبَ بِهِ النَّوْمُ فَلَمْ يَقُمْ لِصَلَاتِهِ فَنُودِيَ فِي مَنَامِهِ يَا يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا أَرَدْتَ دَاراً خَيْراً مِنْ دَارِي وَ جِوَاراً خَيْراً مِنْ جِوَارِي فَاسْتَيْقَظَ فَقَامَ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ أَقِلْنِي عَثْرَتِي إِلَهِي فَوَ عِزَّتِكَ لَا أَسْتَظِلُّ بِظِلٍّ سِوَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ
He-as did so, and she cooked lentils for him-as. He-as ate and was satiated, and he-as slept. But the sleep overcame him-as and he-as did not wake up for his-as Salat. His-as mother called out to him-as in his-as sleep, ‘O Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as! Do you-as want a house better than my house, and a neighbourhood better than my neighbourhood?’ He-as woke up and arose, and he-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! I-as stumble and I-as lost. My-as God! By Your-azwj Might! I-as will not shade with a shade apart from Bayt al-Maqdas’.
وَ قَالَ لِأُمِّهِ نَاوِلِينِي مِدْرَعَةَ الشَّعْرِ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّكُمَا سَتُورِدَانِيَ الْمَهَالِكَ فَتَقَدَّمَتْ أُمُّهُ فَدَفَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْمِدْرَعَةَ وَ تَعَلَّقَتْ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَهَا زَكَرِيَّا يَا أُمَّ يَحْيَى دَعِيهِ فَإِنَّ وَلَدِي قَدْ كُشِفَ لَهُ عَنْ قِنَاعِ قَلْبِهِ وَ لَنْ يَنْتَفِعَ بِالْعَيْشِ
And his-as mother said, ‘Give me the furry coat, for you two would return me to the destruction’. So his-as mother came forward and handed over the coat to him-as, and she was concerned with him-as. Zakariyya-as said to her: ‘O mother of Yahya-as! Leave him-as, for my-as son-as is such that the covering from his-as heart has been removed, and he-as will never benefit from living’.
فَقَامَ يَحْيَى ع فَلَبِسَ مِدْرَعَتَهُ وَ وَضَعَ الْبُرْنُسَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ثُمَّ أَتَى بَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ فَجَعَلَ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَعَ الْأَحْبَارِ حَتَّى كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَا كَانَ
Yahya-as arose and wore his-as coat, and placed the hood upon his-as head, then went to Bayt Al-Maqdas, and went on to worship Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic along with the rabbis until it was from his-as matter what was’’.[168]
5- مِنْ خَطِّ الشَّهِيدِ قُدِّسَ سِرُّهُ نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ زُهْدِ الصَّادِقِ، عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: بَكَى يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا ع حَتَّى ذَهَبَ لَحْمُ خَدَّيْهِ مِنَ الدُّمُوعِ فَوَضَعَ عَلَى الْعَظْمِ لُبُوداً يَجْرِي عَلَيْهَا الدُّمُوعُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُوهُ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَنْ يَهَبَكَ لِي لِتَقَرَّ عَيْنِي بِكَ
From the handwriting of the martyr, copied from Kitab Al Zohad,
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Yahya Bin Zakariyya-as cried to the extent that the flesh of his-as cheeks went (thinned) from the tears, so he-as placed a bandage upon the bone, the tears would flow upon it. His-as father-as said to him-as: ‘O my-as son-as! I-saww asked Allah-azwj the Exalted to Gift you-as to me-as in order to delight my-as eyes by you-as’.
فَقَالَ يَا أَبَهْ إِنَّ عَلَى نِيرَانِ رَبِّنَا مَعَاثِرَ لَا يَجُوزُهَا إِلَّا الْبَكَّاءُونَ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ آتِيَهَا فَأَزِلَّ مِنْهَا فَبَكَى زَكَرِيَّا ع حَتَّى غُشِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْبُكَاءِ
He-as said: ‘O father-as! Upon the fires of our-as Lord-azwj there are stumbling blocks. None will cross it except the ones crying from the fear of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and I-as am scared that I-as would come to it and slip from it’. Zakariyya-as wept until there was faintness upon him-as from the crying’’.[169]
6- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْهَمْدَانِيِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: مَرَّ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ عَدُوٌّ لِلَّهِ وَ لِرَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ فَما بَكَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّماءُ وَ الْأَرْضُ وَ ما كانُوا مُنْظَرِينَ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Hanan Bin Sudey, from Abdullah Bin al Fazl Al Hamdany, from his father, form his grandfather,
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘A man from the enemies of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww passed by him-asws, so he-asws said: ‘So the sky and the earth did not weep upon them, nor were they Respited [44:29]’.
ثُمَّ مَرَّ عَلَيْهِ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ لَكِنْ هَذَا لَتَبْكِيَنَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّمَاءُ وَ الْأَرْضُ وَ قَالَ وَ مَا بَكَتِ السَّمَاءُ وَ الْأَرْضُ إِلَّا عَلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع
Then Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws passed by him-asws, so he-asws (Amir Al-Momineen-asws) said: ‘But this is the one-asws upon whom the sky and the earth will be weeping’. And he-asws said: ‘And the sky and the earth will not weep upon anyone except for Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as, and Al-Husayn Bin Ali-asws’’.[170]
7- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنْهُمَا عَنْ حَنَانٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: زُورُوا الْحُسَيْنَ ع وَ لَا تَجْفُوهُ فَإِنَّهُ سَيِّدُ شَبَابِ الشُّهَدَاءِ وَ سَيِّدُ شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ شَبِيهُ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع وَ عَلَيْهِمَا بَكَتِ السَّمَاءُ وَ الْأَرْضُ
‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – From them both, from Hanan,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Visit (perform Ziyarah) of Al-Husayn-asws do not neglect it, for he-asws is the Chief of the youths of the martyrs, and Chief of the youths of the people of Paradise, and his-as resemblance is Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as, and upon them both-as, the sky and the earth wept’’.[171]
8- كا، الكافي عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع كَانَ يَقْرَأُ وَ إِنِّي خِفْتُ الْمَوالِيَ مِنْ وَرائِي يَعْنِي أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَارِثٌ حَتَّى وَهَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بَعْدَ الْكِبَرِ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Ali, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws was reciting: And I fear my successors from after me, and my wife is barren, [19:5]’ – Meaning that he (Zakariyya-as) did not have an inheritor for himself-as until Allah-azwj Granted for him-as after old age.[172]
9- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم سَهْلُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الدِّينَوَرِيُّ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي أَحْوَالِ الْقِيَامَةِ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ ثُمَّ يُنَادِي الْمُنَادِي وَ هُوَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع أَيْنَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ أَيْنَ خَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ أَيْنَ مَرْيَمُ بِنْتُ عِمْرَانَ أَيْنَ آسِيَةُ بِنْتُ مُزَاحِمٍ أَيْنَ أُمُّ كُلْثُومٍ أُمُّ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا فَيَقُمْنَ الْحَدِيثَ
Sahl Bin Ahmad Al Deynowry,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, and continued the Hadeeth regarding the situation of Al-Qiyamah up to he-asws said: ‘Then the Caller will call out, and he is Jibraeel-as: ‘Where is (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww? Where is (Syeda) Khadeeja-asws daughter-asws of Khuwaylid? Where is (Syeda) Maryam-as daughter-as of Imran-as? Where is (Syeda) Aasiya-as daughter of Mazaham? Where is (Syeda) Kulsoom-as mother of Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as?’ They-as will stand’ – the Hadeeth’.[173]
10- فس، تفسير القمي هُنالِكَ دَعا زَكَرِيَّا رَبَّهُ قالَ رَبِّ هَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً طَيِّبَةً إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعاءِ فَنادَتْهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ وَ هُوَ قائِمٌ يُصَلِّي فِي الْمِحْرابِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكَ بِيَحْيى مُصَدِّقاً بِكَلِمَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ سَيِّداً وَ حَصُوراً وَ نَبِيًّا مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ الْحَصُورُ الَّذِي لَا يَأْتِي النِّسَاءَ قالَ رَبِّ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لِي غُلامٌ وَ قَدْ بَلَغَنِيَ الْكِبَرُ وَ امْرَأَتِي عاقِرٌ وَ الْعَاقِرُ الَّتِي قَدْ يَئِسَتْ مِنَ الْمَحِيضِ قالَ كَذلِكَ اللَّهُ يَفْعَلُ ما يَشاءُ قالَ زَكَرِيَّا رَبِّ اجْعَلْ لِي آيَةً قالَ آيَتُكَ أَلَّا تُكَلِّمَ النَّاسَ ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ زَكَرِيَّا ظَنَّ أَنَّ الَّذِينَ بَشَّرُوهُ هُمُ الشَّيَاطِينُ وَ قالَ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ لِي آيَةً قالَ آيَتُكَ أَلَّا تُكَلِّمَ النَّاسَ ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَّا رَمْزاً فَخَرِسَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ
(opinion)[174]
11- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ يَاسِرٍ الْخَادِمِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ أَوْحَشَ مَا يَكُونُ هَذَا الْخَلْقُ فِي ثَلَاثَةِ مَوَاطِنَ يَوْمِ يَلِدُ فَيَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ فَيَرَى الدُّنْيَا وَ يَوْمِ يَمُوتُ فَيُعَايِنُ الْآخِرَةَ وَ أَهْلَهَا وَ يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُ فَيَرَى أَحْكَاماً لَمْ يَرَهَا فِي دَارِ الدُّنْيَا
‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, ‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Hamza Al Ashary, from Yasser Al Khadim who said,
‘I heard Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws saying: ‘The loneliest (time) for these creatures (people) is during three times – The day of birth and he comes out from the belly of his mother so he sees the world; and the day he dies, so he sees the Hereafter and its inhabitants; and the day he is Resurrected alive, so he sees Judgements that he never saw in the house of the world.
وَ قَدْ سَلَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى يَحْيَى فِي هَذِهِ الثَّلَاثَةِ الْمَوَاطِنِ وَ آمَنَ رَوْعَتَهُ فَقَالَ وَ سَلامٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَ يَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَيًّا وَ قَدْ سَلَّمَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ ع عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فِي هَذِهِ الثَّلَاثَةِ الْمَوَاطِنِ فَقَالَ وَ السَّلامُ عَلَيَّ يَوْمَ وُلِدْتُ وَ يَوْمَ أَمُوتُ وَ يَوْمَ أُبْعَثُ حَيًّا
And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Sent Peace upon Yahya-as in these three times and Settled his-as fear, so He-azwj Said: And peace be on him on the day he was born, and on the day he died, and on the day he would be Resurrected alive [19:15]. And Isa-as Bin Maryam-as has sent Peace upon himself-as in these three times, so he-as Said: And the Peace was upon me on the day I was born, and on the day I die, and on the day I am Resurrected alive [19:33]’’.[175]
12- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي ابْنُ الصَّلْتِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ ثَبِيرِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ بِلَالٍ الْمَدَنِيِ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع أَنَّ إِبْلِيسَ كَانَ يَأْتِي الْأَنْبِيَاءَ مِنْ لَدُنْ آدَمَ ع إِلَى أَنْ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ الْمَسِيحَ ع يَتَحَدَّثُ عِنْدَهُمْ وَ يُسَائِلُهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِأَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ أَشَدَّ أُنْساً مِنْهُ بِيَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع
‘Al-Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Ibn Al Salt, from Ibn Aqada, from Al Hassan Bin Al Qasim, from Subeyr Bin Ibrahim, from Suleyn Bin Bilal Al Madany,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers: ‘Iblees-la used to come to the Prophets-as since Adam-as up to (the time) Allah-azwj Sent the Messiah-as, discusses with them-as and asks them-as, and he-la did not happen to be more intensely familiar than with Yahya-as Bin Zakariya-as.
فَقَالَ لَهُ يَحْيَى يَا بَا مُرَّةَ إِنَّ لِي إِلَيْكَ حَاجَةً فَقَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ أَعْظَمُ قَدْراً مِنْ أَنْ أَرُدَّكَ بِمَسْأَلَةٍ فَسَلْنِي مَا شِئْتَ فَإِنِّي غَيْرُ مُخَالِفِكَ فِي أَمْرٍ تُرِيدُهُ فَقَالَ يَحْيَى يَا بَا مُرَّةَ أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَعْرِضَ عَلَيَّ مَصَائِدَكَ وَ فُخُوخَكَ الَّتِي تَصْطَادُ بِهَا بَنِي آدَمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِبْلِيسُ حُبّاً وَ كَرَامَةً وَ وَاعَدَهُ لِغَدٍ
Yahya-as said to him-la: ‘O Abu Murra-la! There is a need for me-as to you-la’. He-la said to him-as, ‘You-as are of a greater worth than for I-la to give you-as any problems, but ask me-la whatever you-as like, for I-la will not oppose you-as in any matter you-as want’. Yahya-as said: ‘O Abu Murra-la! Display unto me-as your-la traps and your-la lures which you-la trap the sons of Adam-as with’. Iblees-la said to him-as, ‘Love and prestige’, and made an appointment with him-as for the next morning.
فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ يَحْيَى ع قَعَدَ فِي بَيْتِهِ يَنْتَظِرُ الْمَوْعِدَ وَ أَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْبَابَ إِغْلَاقاً فَمَا شَعَرَ حَتَّى سَاوَاهُ مِنْ خَوْخَةٍ كَانَتْ فِي بَيْتِهِ فَإِذَا وَجْهُهُ صُورَةُ وَجْهِ الْقِرْدِ وَ جَسَدُهُ عَلَى صُورَةِ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَ إِذَا عَيْنَاهُ مَشْقُوقَتَانِ طُولًا وَ إِذَا أَسْنَانُهُ وَ فَمُهُ مَشْقُوقٌ طُولًا عَظْماً وَاحِداً بِلَا ذَقَنٍ وَ لَا لِحْيَةٍ وَ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةُ أَيْدٍ يَدَانِ فِي صَدْرِهِ وَ يَدَانِ فِي مَنْكِبِهِ
When it was morning Yahya-as sat in his-as house awaiting the appointment and closed the door with a lock. He-as was not away until he-as was even from a skylight which was in his house, and there was a face in the image of the face of the monkey, and his-la body was upon an image of the pig, and his-la eyes were two long splits, and there his-la teeth and his mouth was one long large slip without any chin nor a beard, and for him-la were four hands – two hands in his-la chest, and two hands in his-la shoulder.
وَ إِذَا عَرَاقِيبُهُ قَوَادِمُهُ وَ أَصَابِعُهُ خَلْفَهُ وَ عَلَيْهِ قَبَاءٌ وَ قَدْ شَدَّ وَسَطَهُ بِمِنْطَقَةٍ فِيهَا خُيُوطٌ مُعَلَّقَةٌ بَيْنَ أَحْمَرَ وَ أَصْفَرَ وَ أَخْضَرَ وَ جَمِيعِ الْأَلْوَانِ وَ إِذَا بِيَدِهِ جَرَسٌ عَظِيمٌ وَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ بَيْضَةٌ وَ إِذَا فِي الْبَيْضَةِ حَدِيدَةٌ مُعَلَّقَةٌ شَبِيهَةٌ بِالْكُلَّابِ
And his-la veins were protruding at the front and his-la fingers were behind him-la, and upon him was a coat and his-la waist had been tightened with a belt wherein were hanging threads, between the red and the yellow and green and the entirety of the colours, and in his-la hand was a large bell, and upon his-la head was a helmet, and in the helmet were iron figurines resembling with the dogs.
فَلَمَّا تَأَمَّلَهُ يَحْيَى ع قَالَ لَهُ مَا هَذِهِ الْمِنْطَقَةُ الَّتِي فِي وَسَطِكَ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ الْمَجُوسِيَّةُ أَنَا الَّذِي سَنَنْتُهَا وَ زَيَّنْتُهَا لَهُمْ
When Yahya-as contemplated it, said to him-la: ‘What is this belt which is in your-la waist?’ He-la said to him-as, ‘This is the fire worshipping. I-la am the one who coursed it and adorned it for them’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ فَمَا هَذِهِ الْخُيُوطُ الْأَلْوَانُ قَالَ لَهُ هَذِهِ جَمِيعُ أَصْبَاغِ النِّسَاءِ لَا تَزَالُ الْمَرْأَةُ تَصْبَغُ الصِّبْغَ حَتَّى تَقَعَ مَعَ لَوْنِهَا فَأَفْتَتِنَ النَّاسَ بِهَا
He-as said to him-la: ‘What are these colourful threads?’ He-la said to him-as, ‘These are the entirety of the colours of the women. The woman does not cease to dye the dyeing until she falls with its colour, and I-la tempt the people by her’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ فَمَا هَذَا الْجَرَسُ الَّذِي بِيَدِكَ قَالَ هَذَا مَجْمَعُ كُلِّ لَذَّةٍ مِنْ طُنْبُورٍ وَ بَرْبَطٍ وَ مِعْزَفَةٍ وَ طَبْلٍ وَ نَايٍ وَ صُرْنَايٍ وَ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ لَيَجْلِسُونَ عَلَى شَرَابِهِمْ فَلَا يَسْتَلِذُّونَهُ فَأُحَرِّكُ الْجَرَسَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ فَإِذَا سَمِعُوهُ اسْتَخَفَّهُمُ الطَّرَبُ فَمِنْ بَيْنِ مَنْ يَرْقُصُ وَ مِنْ بَيْنِ مَنْ يُفَرْقِعُ أَصَابِعَهُ وَ مِنْ بَيْنِ مَنْ يَشُقُّ ثِيَابَهُ
He-as said to him-la: ‘What is this bell which is in your-la hand?’ He-la said, ‘This is a collection of all pleasures from the lutes, and violins, and guitars, and drums, and flutes and trumpets (musical instruments), and that the people tend to be sitting upon their drinks, so I-la move (sound) the bell in what is between them, and when they hear it, the music makes them light-headed; and between them is one who dances, and between them is one who clicks his fingers, and between them is one who rips off his clothes’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ وَ أَيُّ الْأَشْيَاءِ أَقَرُّ لِعَيْنِكَ قَالَ النِّسَاءُ هُنَّ فُخُوخِي وَ مَصَائِدِي فَإِنِّي إِذَا اجْتَمَعَتْ عَلَيَّ دَعَوَاتُ الصَّالِحِينَ وَ لَعَنَاتُهُمْ صِرْتُ إِلَى النِّسَاءِ فَطَابَتْ نَفْسِي بِهِنَّ
He-as said to him-la: ‘And which things are most delightful to your-la eyes?’ He-la said, ‘The women. They are my-la lures and my-la traps, for I-la, when there gather upon me-la the (negative) supplications of the righteous and their curses, I-la go to the women and my-la self feels good with them’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ يَحْيَى ع فَمَا هَذِهِ الْبَيْضَةُ الَّتِي عَلَى رَأْسِكَ قَالَ بِهَا أَتَوَقَّى دَعْوَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Yahya-as said to him-la: ‘What is this helmet which is upon your-la head?’ He-la said, ‘By it I-la defend against the (negative) supplications of the Momineen’.
قَالَ فَمَا هَذِهِ الْحَدِيدَةُ الَّتِي أَرَى فِيهَا قَالَ بِهَذِهِ أُقَلِّبُ قُلُوبَ الصَّالِحِينَ
He-as said: ‘What is this iron which I-as see in it?’ He-la, ‘With these I-la overturn the hearts of the righteous’.
قَالَ يَحْيَى ع فَهَلْ ظَفِرْتَ بِي سَاعَةً قَطُّ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ فِيكَ خَصْلَةٌ تُعْجِبُنِي
Yahya-as said: ‘Have you-la ever won against me-as even for a moment, at all?’ He-la said, ‘No, but in you-as there is a quality which astounds me-la’.
قَالَ يَحْيَى فَمَا هِيَ قَالَ أَنْتَ رَجُلٌ أَكُولٌ فَإِذَا أَفْطَرْتَ أَكَلْتَ وَ بَشِمْتَ فَيَمْنَعُكَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ بَعْضِ صَلَاتِكَ وَ قِيَامِكَ بِاللَّيْلِ قَالَ يَحْيَى ع فَإِنِّي أُعْطِي اللَّهَ عَهْداً أَلَّا أَشْبَعَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ حَتَّى أَلْقَاهُ قَالَ لَهُ إِبْلِيسُ وَ أَنَا أُعْطِي اللَّهَ عَهْداً أَنِّي لَا أَنْصَحُ مُسْلِماً حَتَّى أَلْقَاهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَمَا عَادَ إِلَيْهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ
Yahya-as said: ‘What is it?’ He-la said, ‘You-as are a gluttonous man. When you-as are not fasting, you-as eat to satiation, and that prevents you from some of your-as Salat and your-as standing at night’. Yahya-as said to him-la: ‘I-as hereby give Allah-azwj a pact that I-as will not satiate from the food until I-as meet Him-azwj’. Iblees-la said to him-as, ‘And I-la hereby give Allah-azwj a pact that I-la will not advise a Muslim until I-la meet Him-azwj’. Then he-la went out and did not return to him-as after that’’.[176]
13- فس، تفسير القمي فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ ذِكْرُ رَحْمَتِ رَبِّكَ عَبْدَهُ زَكَرِيَّا يَقُولُ ذَكَرَ رَبُّكَ زَكَرِيَّا فَرَحِمَهُ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – And in a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
إِذْ نادى رَبَّهُ نِداءً خَفِيًّا قالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَهَنَ الْعَظْمُ مِنِّي يَقُولُ ضَعُفَ
When he called out to his Lord, a secretive calling [19:3] He said: ‘My Lord! Surely the bones have weakened from me – he-as is saying, ‘(Physical) weakness’.
وَ لَمْ أَكُنْ بِدُعائِكَ رَبِّ شَقِيًّا يَقُولُ لَمْ يَكُنْ دُعَائِي خَائِباً عِنْدَكَ
And I have not been unfortunate in my supplicating You, Lord!’ [19:4] – he-as is saying: ‘I-as have not been disappointed in my-as supplication in Your-azwj Presence’.
وَ إِنِّي خِفْتُ الْمَوالِيَ مِنْ وَرائِي يَقُولُ خِفْتُ الْوَرَثَةَ مِنْ بَعْدِي
‘And I fear my successors from after me [19:5], he-asws said: ‘I-as fear for the inheritance from after me-as.
وَ كانَتِ امْرَأَتِي عاقِراً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِزَكَرِيَّا يَوْمَئِذٍ وَلَدٌ يَقُومُ مَقَامَهُ وَ يَرِثُهُ وَ كَانَتْ هَدَايَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ نُذُورُهُمْ لِلْأَحْبَارِ وَ كَانَ زَكَرِيَّا رَئِيسَ الْأَحْبَارِ وَ كَانَتِ امْرَأَةُ زَكَرِيَّا أُخْتَ مَرْيَمَ بِنْتِ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ مَاثَانَ وَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ مَاثَانَ وَ بَنُو مَاثَانَ إِذْ ذَاكَ رُؤَسَاءُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ بَنُو مُلُوكِهِمْ وَ هُمْ مِنْ وُلْدِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ع
and my wife is barren. He-asws said: In those days there was no son for Zakariyya-as who would stand in his-as place and inherit from him-as. And the Children of Israel used to gift it and vow these for the Rabbis, and Zakariyya-as was the chief of the Rabbis, and the wife of Zakariyya-as was a sister of Maryam-as the daughter of Imran-as Bin Masan-as, and the clan of Masan were the chiefs of the Children of Israel and the sons of their kings, and they were from the children of Suleyman-as Bin Dawood-as.
فَقَالَ زَكَرِيَّا فَهَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ وَلِيًّا يَرِثُنِي وَ يَرِثُ مِنْ آلِ يَعْقُوبَ وَ اجْعَلْهُ رَبِّ رَضِيًّا يا زَكَرِيَّا إِنَّا نُبَشِّرُكَ بِغُلامٍ اسْمُهُ يَحْيى لَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ سَمِيًّا يَقُولُ لَمْ يُسَمَّ بِاسْمِ يَحْيَى أَحَدٌ قَبْلَهُ
Zakariyya-as said: therefore Grant me an heir from You [19:5] Who would inherit me and inherit from the Progeny of Yaqoub, and Make him, my Lord, the one whom You are well Pleased with’ [19:6] (The Angel said): ‘O Zakariyya! We Give you glad tidings of a boy whose name shall be Yahya. We have not Made it to be a name from before (for anyone else)’ [19:7]. He-azwj Saying, No one had been named as ‘Yahya’ before him-as.
قالَ رَبِّ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لِي غُلامٌ وَ كانَتِ امْرَأَتِي عاقِراً وَ قَدْ بَلَغْتُ مِنَ الْكِبَرِ عِتِيًّا فَهُوَ الْبُؤْسُ قالَ كَذلِكَ قالَ رَبُّكَ هُوَ عَلَيَّ هَيِّنٌ وَ قَدْ خَلَقْتُكَ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ لَمْ تَكُ شَيْئاً قالَ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ لِي آيَةً قالَ آيَتُكَ أَلَّا تُكَلِّمَ النَّاسَ ثَلاثَ لَيالٍ سَوِيًّا صَحِيحاً مِنْ غَيْرِ مَرَضٍ
He said: “Lord! How can there happen to be a son for me and my wife was sterile, and I have reached infirmity from old age?’ [19:8]. So, it is the despair. He said: ‘Like that (it shall be). Your Lord Says: “It is easy upon Me, and I have Created you from before and you were not a thing” [19:9] He said: ‘Lord! Make a Sign to be for me!’ He Said: “Your Sign is, you will not speak to the people for three consecutive nights” [19:10] – While being healthy without having an illness’’.[177]
Notes –
وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ كَذَلِكَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ سَمِيٌ وَ لَمْ تَبْكِ السَّمَاءُ إِلَّا عَلَيْهِمَا أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً
And Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And like that is Al-Husayn-asws. There did not happen to be a namesake for him-asws before and the sky did not cry except upon them both (Al-Husayn-asws and Yahya-as) for forty mornings’.
قِيلَ لَهُ وَ مَا بُكَاؤُهَا
It was said to him-asws, ‘And what was its crying?’
قَالَ كَانَتْ تَطْلُعُ حَمْرَاءَ وَ تَغِيبُ حَمْرَاءَ وَ كَانَ قَاتِلُ يَحْيَى ع وَلَدَ زِناً وَ قَاتِلُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَلَدَ زِناً
He-asws said: ‘It rose as red and set as red, and the killer of Yahya-as was a son of adultery and the killer of Al-Husayn-asws was a son of adultery’.
وَ رَوَى سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ: خَرَجْنَا مَعَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَمَا نَزَلَ مَنْزِلًا وَ لَا ارْتَحَلَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا وَ ذَكَرَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا ع وَ قَالَ يَوْماً مِنْ هَوَانِ الدُّنْيَا عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّ رَأْسَ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا أُهْدِيَ إِلَى بَغِيٍّ مِنْ بَغَايَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
And it is reported by Sufyan Bin Uyayna, from Ali Bin Zayd,
From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘We went out with Al-Husayn-asws. We did not descend any descent nor departed from it except and he-asws mentioned Yahya Bin Zakariya-as, and one day he said: ‘From the insignificance of the world unto Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is that the head of Yahya Bin Zakariya-as was gifted to a prostitute from the prostitutes of the children of Israel’.
وَ رَوَى الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عُتَيْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّمَا وُلِدَ يَحْيَى بَعْدَ الْبِشَارَةِ لَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ بِخَمْسِ سِنِينَ
And it is reported by Al Hakam Bin Uteyba,
From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘But rather, Yahya-as was born five years after the glad tidings of him was Given from Allah-azwj’.
وَ رَوَى الْعَيَّاشِيُّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ قَالَ: قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ وَ أَنَا أُرِيدُ مِصْرَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الرِّضَا ع وَ هُوَ إِذْ ذَاكَ خُمَاسِيٌّ فَجَعَلْتُ أَتَأَمَّلُهُ لِأَصِفَهُ لِأَصْحَابِنَا بِمِصْرَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَخَذَ فِي الْإِمَامَةِ كَمَا أَخَذَ فِي النُّبُوَّةِ قَالَ وَ لَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَ اسْتَوى آتَيْناهُ حُكْماً وَ عِلْماً وَ قَالَ وَ آتَيْناهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا فَقَدْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطَى الْحُكْمَ ابْنُ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً وَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطَاهُ الصَّبِيُّ
And it is reported by Al-Ayyashi by his chain from Ali Bin Asbaat who said,
‘I arrived at Al-Medina and I intended Egypt. I entered to see Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali Al-Reza-asws, and when that happened, he-asws was five years old. I contemplated him-asws so I could describe him-asws to our companions in Egypt. He-asws looked at me. He-asws said: ‘O Ali! Allah-azwj has Taken regarding the Imamate like what He-azwj has Taken regarding the Prophethood. He-azwj Said: And when he attained his maturity and became full grown, We Gave him wisdom and knowledge [8:14]; and Said: and We Gave him the Wisdom as a boy [19:12]. It is allowed that the Wisdom be Given so a man of forty years of age, and it is allowed that it be Given to a young boy’.
و عن معمر قال إن الصبيان قالوا ليحيى اذهب بنا نلعب فقال ما للعب خلقت فأنزل الله تعالى فيه وَ آتَيْناهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا و روي ذلك عن أبي الحسن الرضا ع
And from Ma’mar who said, ‘The children said to Yahya-as, ‘Come with us to play!’ He-as said: ‘I-as have not been Created for play’. Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed regarding him-as: and We Gave him the Wisdom as a boy [19:12]. And that has been reported from Abu Al Hassan Al-Reza-azwj.
14- ج، الإحتجاج سَأَلَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقَائِمَ ع عَنْ تَأْوِيلِ كهيعص
‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – Sa’ad Bin Abdullah asked Al-Qaim-asws about the interpretation of Kaf Ha Ya Ayn Suad [19:1].
قَالَ ع هَذِهِ الْحُرُوفُ مِنْ أَنْبَاءِ الْغَيْبِ أَطْلَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا عَبْدَهُ زَكَرِيَّا ثُمَّ قَصَّهَا عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ زَكَرِيَّا سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ أَنْ يُعَلِّمَهُ أَسْمَاءَ الْخَمْسَةِ فَأَهْبَطَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع فَعَلَّمَهُ إِيَّاهَا فَكَانَ زَكَرِيَّا ع إِذَا ذَكَرَ مُحَمَّداً ص وَ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ ع سُرِّيَ عَنْهُ هَمُّهُ وَ انْجَلَى كَرْبُهُ وَ إِذَا ذَكَرَ اسْمَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع خَنَقَتْهُ الْعَبْرَةُ وَ وَقَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْبُهْرَةُ
He-asws said: ‘These are the Words from the News of the Hidden matters which Allah-azwj Notified His-azwj servant Zakariyya-as, then Related these to Muhammad-saww. And that Zakariyya-as asked his-as Lord-azwj to Teach him-as the five Names (of the resemblances), so Jibraeel-as descended upon him-as and taught him-as these. Whenever Zakariyya-as remembered Muhammad-saww, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, his-as stress would be relieved and his-as grief would end. But, whenever he-as remembered Al-Husayn-asws the tears would suffocate him-as and fainting would occur upon him-as.
فَقَالَ ع ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِلَهِي مَا بَالِي إِذْ ذَكَرْتُ أَرْبَعَةً مِنْهُمْ تَسَلَّيْتُ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ مِنْ هُمُومِي وَ إِذَا ذَكَرْتُ الْحُسَيْنَ تَدْمَعُ عَيْنِي وَ تَثُورُ زَفْرَتِي
One day he-as said: ‘My God-azwj! What is it with me-as that whenever I-as remember four of them-asws my-as stress goes away, but whenever I-as remember Al-Husayn-asws, my-as eyes fill up with tears and my-as sighs erupt?’
فَأَنْبَأَهُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَنْ قِصَّتِهِ فَقَالَ كهيعص فَالْكَافُ اسْمُ كَرْبَلَاءَ وَ الْهَاءُ هَلَاكُ الْعِتْرَةِ وَ الْيَاءُ يَزِيدُ وَ هُوَ ظَالِمُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَ الْعَيْنُ عَطَشُهُ وَ الصَّادُ صَبْرُهُ
Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Gave him-as the news of its story, and He-azwj Said: “Kaf Ha Ya Ayn Suad [19:1]”. So the Kaf (refers to) the name Karbala; And the Ha (refers to) the massacre of the Family-asws; and the Ya (refers to) Yazeed-la and he-la is the one unjust to Al-Husayn-asws; and the Ayn (refers to) his-asws thirst; and the Suad (refers to) his-asws patience”.
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ زَكَرِيَّا ع لَمْ يُفَارِقْ مَسْجِدَهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ مَنَعَ فِيهِنَّ النَّاسَ مِنْ الدُّخُولِ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْبُكَاءِ وَ النَّحِيبِ وَ كَانَ يُرْثِيهِ إِلَهِي أَ تُفْجِعُ خَيْرَ جَمِيعِ خَلْقِكَ بِوَلَدِهِ إِلَهِي أَ تُنْزِلُ بَلْوَى هَذِهِ الرَّزِيَّةِ بِفِنَائِهِ إِلَهِي أَ تُلْبِسُ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ ثِيَابَ هَذِهِ الْمُصِيبَةِ إِلَهِي أَ تَحُلُّ كُرْبَةَ هَذِهِ الْمُصِيبَةِ بِسَاحَتِهَا
When Zakariyya-as heard that, he-as did not separate from his-as Masjid for three days, and forbid the people to come up to him-asws, and remained upon the crying and the wailing. And his-as lamentation was: ‘My-as Allah-azwj! Will the best of Your-azwj creatures be mourning its son-asws? My-as Allah-azwj! Will the affliction of this affliction descend with its severity? My-as Allah-azwj! Will Ali-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws be clothed (subjected to) with this difficulty? My-as Allah-azwj! Will the adversity of this disaster be resolved in their-asws surroundings?’
ثُمَّ كَانَ يَقُولُ إِلَهِي ارْزُقْنِي وَلَداً تَقَرُّ بِهِ عَيْنِي عَلَى الْكِبَرِ فَإِذَا رَزَقْتَنِيهِ فَافْتِنِّيبِحُبِّهِ ثُمَّ افْجَعْنِي بِهِ كَمَا تَفْجَعُ مُحَمَّداً حَبِيبَكَ بِوَلَدِهِ
Then he-as was saying: ‘My-as God-azwj! Grace a son-as upon me-as by whom my-as eyes would be delighted upon the adversity. When You-azwj do Grace him-as to me-as, then Test me-as with my-as love for him-as. Then Make me-as to lament over him-as as Muhammad-saww, Your-azwj Beloved would be lamenting over his-as son-asws (Al-Husayn-asws)’.
فَرَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ يَحْيَى وَ فَجَعَهُ بِهِ وَ كَانَ حَمْلُ يَحْيَى ع سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ حَمْلُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع كَذَلِكَ الْخَبَرَ
Therefore, Allah-azwj Bestowed Yahya-as to him-as and he-as was lamenting for him-as. And Yahya-as was borne (pregnancy) for six months, and the bearing of Al-Husayn-asws was like that’ – the Hadeeth’.[178]
15- ع، علل الشرائع بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى وَهْبٍ قَالَ: انْطَلَقَ إِبْلِيسُ يَسْتَقْرِي مَجَالِسَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَجْمَعَ مَا يَكُونُونَ وَ يَقُولُ فِي مَرْيَمَ وَ يَقْذِفُهَا بِزَكَرِيَّا ع حَتَّى الْتَحَمَ الشَّرُّ وَ شَاعَتِ الْفَاحِشَةُ عَلَى زَكَرِيَّا ع فَلَمَّا رَأَى زَكَرِيَّا ع ذَلِكَ هَرَبَ وَ أَتْبَعَهُ سُفَهَاؤُهُمْ وَ شِرَارُهُمْ وَ سَلَكَ فِي وَادٍ كَثِيرِ النَّبْتِ حَتَّى إِذَا تَوَسَّطَهُ انْفَرَجَ لَهُ جِذْعُ شَجَرَةٍ فَدَخَلَ ع فِيهِ وَ انْطَبَقَتْ عَلَيْهِ الشَّجَرَةُ وَ أَقْبَلَ إِبْلِيسُ يَطْلُبُهُ مَعَهُمْ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى الشَّجَرَةِ الَّتِي دَخَلَ فِيهَا زَكَرِيَّا ع فَقَاسَ لَهُمْ إِبْلِيسُ الشَّجَرَةَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِهَا إِلَى أَعْلَاهَا حَتَّى إِذَا وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ الْقَلْبِ مِنْ زَكَرِيَّا ع أَمَرَهُمْ فَنَشَرُوا بِمِنْشَارِهِمْ وَ قَطَعُوا الشَّجَرَةَ وَ قَطَعُوهُ فِي وَسَطِهَا ثُمَّ تَفَرَّقُوا عَنْهُ وَ تَرَكُوهُ وَ غَابَ عَنْهُمْ إِبْلِيسُ حِينَ فَرَغَ مِمَّا أَرَادَ فَكَانَ آخِرَ الْعَهْدِ مِنْهُمْ بِهِ وَ لَمْ يُصِبْ زَكَرِيَّا ع مِنْ أَلَمِ الْمِنْشَارِ شَيْءٌ ثُمَّ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ فَغَسَّلُوا زَكَرِيَّا وَ صَلَّوْا عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يُدْفَنَ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ ع لَا يَتَغَيَّرُونَ وَ لَا يَأْكُلُهُمُ التُّرَابُ وَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ يُدْفَنُونَ
(Judeo Chrsitian literature)[179]
16- ك، إكمال الدين الْقَطَّانُ عَنِ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: أَفْضَى الْأَمْرُ بَعْدَ دَانِيَالَ ع إِلَى عُزَيْرٍ ع وَ كَانُوا يَجْتَمِعُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ يَأْنَسُونَ بِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُونَ عَنْهُ مَعَالِمَ دِينِهِمْ فَغَيَّبَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ شَخْصَهُ مِائَةَ عَامٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ وَ غَابَتِ الْحُجَجُ بَعْدَهُ وَ اشْتَدَّتِ الْبَلْوَى عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ حَتَّى وُلِدَ يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا ع وَ تَرَعْرَعَ
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – Al Qatan, from Al Sakry, from Al Jowhary, from Ibn Amarah, from his father,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘After Danyal-as the command led to Uzair-as, and they (the people) were gathering to him-as and comforting with him-as and taking the information of their Religion from him-as. Allah-azwj Caused his-as person to disappear from them for one hundred years, then Resurrected him-as, and the Divine Authority was hidden after him-as, and the afflictions intensified upon the Children of Israel until Yahya Bin Zakariyya-as was born and grew up.
فَظَهَرَ وَ لَهُ سَبْعُ سِنِينَ فَقَامَ فِي النَّاسِ خَطِيباً فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ ذَكَّرَهُمْ بِأَيَّامِ اللَّهِ وَ أَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّ مِحَنَ الصَّالِحِينَ إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ لِذُنُوبِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ أَنَّ الْعَاقِبَةَ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ وَ وَعَدَهُمُ الْفَرَجَ بِقِيَامِ الْمَسِيحِ ع بَعْدَ نَيِّفٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً مِنْ هَذَا الْقَوْلِ
He-as appeared, and there were seven years for him-as. He-as stood among the people addressing. He-as praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, and reminded them of the days of Allah-azwj, and informed them that the righteous ones would be Tested father for the sins of the Children of Israel, and that the end result is for the pious, and promised them the relief with the rising of the Messiah-as after more than twenty years from this word’’.[180]
17- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا وُلِدَ يَحْيَى ع رُفِعَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَغُذِّيَ بِأَنْهَارِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى فُطِمَ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ إِلَى أَبِيهِ وَ كَانَ الْبَيْتُ يُضِيءُ بِنُورِهِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya’ – Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Aban, from Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When Yahya-as was born, he-as was Raised to the sky and provided for with the rivers of Paradise until he-as weaned. Then he-as descended to his-as father-as, and the house used to be illuminated by his-as radiance’’.[181]
18- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ دَعَا زَكَرِيَّا ع رَبَّهُ فَقَالَ فَهَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ وَلِيًّا يَرِثُنِي وَ يَرِثُ مِنْ آلِ يَعْقُوبَ فَبَشَّرَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِيَحْيَى فَلَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ الْكَلَامَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ وَ خَافَ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ فَقَالَ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لِي وَلَدٌ وَ قَالَ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ لِي آيَةً فَأُسْكِتَ فَعَلِمَ أَنَّهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By this chain, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Zakariyya-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj and he-as said: ‘therefore Grant me an heir from You [19:5] Who would inherit me and inherit from the Progeny of Yaqoub [19:6]. Allah-azwj the Exalted Gave him-as the glad tidings of Yahya-as, but he-as did not know that, that Speech was from the Presence of Allah-azwj the Exalted, Majestic is His-azwj Mention, and feared that it might happen to be from the Satan-la. He-as said: ‘How can there happen to be a son for me [3:47], and said: ‘My Lord! Make a Sign to be for me’. [3:41]. So, he-as was silent, and knew that it was from Allah-azwj the Exalted’’.[182] (P.S. – seems derogatory and 3:47 are actually the words of Maryam-as)
19 تَفْسِيرُ النُّعْمَانِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع حِينَ سَأَلُوهُ عَنْ مَعْنَى الْوَحْيِ فَقَالَ مِنْهُ وَحْيُ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ مِنْهُ وَحْيُ الْإِلْهَامِ وَ مِنْهُ وَحْيُ الْإِشَارَةِ وَ سَاقَهُ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ أَمَّا وَحْيُ الْإِشَارَةِ فَقَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَخَرَجَ عَلى قَوْمِهِ مِنَ الْمِحْرابِ فَأَوْحى إِلَيْهِمْ أَنْ سَبِّحُوا بُكْرَةً وَ عَشِيًّا أَيْ أَشَارَ إِلَيْهِمْ لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى أَلَّا تُكَلِّمَ النَّاسَ ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَّا رَمْزاً
Tafseer Al Numany, by his chain,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said when they asked him-asws about the meaning of the Revelation: ‘From it is the Revelation of the Prophet-hood, and from it is the Revelation of the Inspiration, and from it is the Revelation of the indication’, and continued it up to he-asws said: ‘And as for the Revelation of the indication, is (like) His-azwj Words: So he went out to his people from the prayer niche, and he revealed to them that they should be Glorifying (Allah) morning and evening [19:11] – i.e., he-as indicated to them, to the Words of the Exalted: you should not speak to the people for three days except by gestures [3:41]’’.[183]
20- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ مَلِكاً كَانَ عَلَى عَهْدِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع لَمْ يَكْفِهِ مَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الطَّرُوقَةِ حَتَّى تَنَاوَلَ امْرَأَةً بَغِيّاً فَكَانَتْ تَأْتِيهِ حَتَّى أَسَنَّتْ فَلَمَّا أَسَنَّتْ هَيَّأَتْ ابْنَتَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَتْ لَهَا إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ آتِيَ بِكِ الْمَلِكَ فَإِذَا وَاقَعَكِ فَيَسْأَلُكِ مَا حَاجَتُكِ فَقُولِي حَاجَتِي أَنْ تَقْتُلَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا ع
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from Al Kufy, from Abdullah Ibn Muhammad Al Hajal, from Abu Is’haq, from Abdullah Bin Hilal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There was a king in the era of Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as who would not restrain from the marital relationships what he was upon, until he grabbed a woman suddenly, and she was going to him until she was old. When she was old, she prepared her daughter, then said to her, ‘I want you to go with you to the king. When he comes to you, he will ask you what your need is, so say, ‘My need is that you kill Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as’.
فَلَمَّا وَاقَعَهَا سَأَلَهَا عَنْ حَاجَتِهَا فَقَالَتْ قَتْلُ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ بَعَثَ إِلَى يَحْيَى فَجَاءَ بِهِ فَدَعَا بِطَسْتِ ذَهَبٍ فَذَبَحَهُ فِيهَا وَ صَبَّوْهُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ فَيَرْتَفِعُ الدَّمُ وَ يَعْلُو وَ أَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ يَطْرَحُونَ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ فَيَعْلُو عَلَيْهِ الدَّمُ حَتَّى صَارَ تَلًّا عَظِيماً وَ مَضَى ذَلِكَ الْقَرْنُ
When he had gone to her, he asked her about her need. She said, ‘Kill Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as’. When it was during the third, he sent for Yahya-as, and they came with him-as, and he called for a tray of god and slaughtered him-as in it, and poured it (blood) upon the ground, but the blood rose and went higher, and the people came to throw the soil upon him-as. But, the blood rose over it until it became a large mound. And, that generation passed away.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ بُخْتَنَصَّرَ مَا كَانَ رَأَى ذَلِكَ الدَّمَ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ أَحَداً يَعْرِفُهُ حَتَّى دُلَّ عَلَى شَيْخٍ كَبِيرٍ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي أَنَّهُ كَانَ مِنْ قِصَّةِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ قَصَّ عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ وَ الدَّمُ دَمُهُ
When it happened from the matter of Bakht Nasser what happened, he saw that blood and asked about it. But he could not find anyone who knew it until an old aged man was pointed upon. He said, ‘My father informed me, from my grandfather that it was from the story of Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as, such and such’, and he narrated the story to him, ‘And the blood, is his-as blood’.
فَقَالَ بُخْتَنَصَّرُ لَا جَرَمَ لَأَقْتُلَنَّ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَسْكُنَ فَقَتَلَ عَلَيْهِ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفاً فَلَمَّا وَفَى عَلَيْهِ سَكَنَ الدَّمُ
Bakht Nasr said, ‘There is no doubt that I will kill upon in until it settles down’. He killed seventy thousand upon it. When he had fulfilled upon it, the blood settled down’’.[184]
21- وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْبَغِيَّ كَانَتْ زَوْجَةَ مَلِكٍ جَبَّارٍ قَبْلَ هَذَا الْمَلِكِ وَ تَزَوَّجَهَا هَذَا بَعْدَهُ فَلَمَّا أَسَنَّتْ وَ كَانَ لَهَا ابْنَةٌ مِنَ الْمَلِكِ الْأَوَّلِ قَالَتْ لِهَذَا الْمَلِكِ تَزَوَّجْ أَنْتَ بِهَا فَقَالَ لَأَسْأَلُ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا ع عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ أَذِنَ فَعَلْتُ
And in another Hadeeth, ‘This prostitute was a wife of the tyrant king before this king, and this one married her after him. When she became old and there was a daughter for her from the previous king, she said to this king, ‘You get married to her!’ He said, ‘I shall as Yahya Bin Zakariya-as about that. If he-as permits, I will do so’.
فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ
He-as asked him about it. He said: ‘It is not allowed!’
فَهَيَّأَتْ بِنْتَهَا وَ زَيَّنَتْهَا فِي حَالِ سُكْرِهِ وَ عَرَضَتْهَا عَلَيْهِ فَكَانَ مِنْ حَالِ قَتْلِ يَحْيَى ع مَا ذُكِرَ فَكَانَ مَا كَانَ
She prepared her daughter and adorned her during a state of his intoxication and presented her to him. Thus it happened from the circumstances of the killing of Yahya-as what has been mentioned, and it happened what happened.[185]
22- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ زَكَرِيَّا ع كَانَ خَائِفاً فَهَرَبَ فَالْتَجَأَ إِلَى شَجَرَةٍ فَانْفَرَجَتْ لَهُ وَ قَالَتْ يَا زَكَرِيَّا ادْخُلْ فِيَّ فَجَاءَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ فِيهَا فَطَلَبُوهُ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوهُ فَأَتَاهُمْ إِبْلِيسُ وَ كَانَ رَآهُ فَدَلَّهُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ هُوَ فِي هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ فَاقْطَعُوهَا وَ قَدْ كَانُوا يَعْبُدُونَ تِلْكَ الشَّجَرَةَ فَقَالُوا لَا نَقْطَعُهَا فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بِهِمْ حَتَّى شَقُّوهَا وَ شَقُّوا زَكَرِيَّا ع
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – My father, from Ali, from his father, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Zakariyya-as was scared, so he-as fled and sheltered to a tree, and it spread out for him-as and said, ‘O Zakariyya-as! Entered (to be) inside me’. He-as went until he-as had entered inside it. They sought him-as but could not find him-as. Then, Iblees-la came to them, and he-la had seen him-as, and he-la pointed upon him-as, saying to them: ‘He-as is inside this tree, so cut it down, and they used to be worshipping that tree, and they said, ‘We will not cut it’. He-la did not cease to be with them until they cut it and cut Zakariyya-as’’.[186]
23- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عَنِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَيَّاطِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَنْتَصِرَ لِأَوْلِيَائِهِ انْتَصَرَ لَهُمْ بِشِرَارِ خَلْقِهِ وَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَنْتَصِرَ لِنَفْسِهِ انْتَصَرَ بِأَوْلِيَائِهِ وَ لَقَدِ انْتَصَرَ لِيَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع بِبُخْتَنَصَّرَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Al Kufy, from Abu Abdullah Al Khayat, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When Allah-azwj Wants revenge for His-azwj friends Takes revenge for them through the evilest of His-azwj creatures, and when He-azwj Wants the Revenge for Himself-azwj, Takes Revenge through His-azwj friends, and He-azwj had Taken revenge for Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as through Bakht Nasr’’.[187]
24- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ أَنَّ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ ع بَعَثَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا ع فِي اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ مِنَ الْحَوَارِيِّينَ يُعَلِّمُونَ النَّاسَ وَ يَنْهَاهُمْ عَنْ نِكَاحِ ابْنَةِ الْأُخْتِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – In another Hadeeth, ‘Isa Ibn Maryam-as sent Yahya Bin Zakariya-as among twelve of the disciples teaching the people and forbidding them from a brother marrying the sister’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ لِمَلِكِهِمْ بِنْتُ أُخْتٍ تُعْجِبُهُ وَ كَانَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أُمَّهَا أَنَّ يَحْيَى ع نَهَى عَنْ مِثْلِ هَذَا النِّكَاحِ أَدْخَلَتْ بِنْتَهَا عَلَى الْمَلِكِ مُزَيَّنَةً فَلَمَّا رَآهَا سَأَلَهَا عَنْ حَاجَتِهَا قَالَتْ حَاجَتِي أَنْ تَذْبَحَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا فَقَالَ سَلِي غَيْرَ هَذَا فَقَالَتْ لَا أَسْأَلُكَ غَيْرَ هَذَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘And for their king was a niece of his who had fascinated him, and he wanted to marry her. When (that) reached her mother that Yahya-as prohibits from a marriage like this, she got her daughter to see the king while adorned. When he saw her, he asked her about her need. She said, ‘My need is that you slaughter Yahya Bin Zakariya-as!’ He said, ‘Ask me for other than this’. She said, ‘No, I will not ask you anything other than this!’
فَلَمَّا أَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ دَعَا بِطَشْتٍ وَ دَعَا بِيَحْيَى ع فَذَبَحَهُ فَبَدَرَتْ قَطْرَةٌ مِنْ دَمِهِ فَوَقَعَتْ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ فَلَمْ تَزَلْ تَعْلُو حَتَّى بَعَثَ اللَّهُ بُخْتَنَصَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَجَاءَتْهُ عَجُوزٌ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَدَلَّتْهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الدَّمِ
When she refused to him, he called for a tray and summored Yahya-as. He slaughtered him-as. A drop of his-as blood gushed forth and fell upon the ground. It did not cease to rise until Allah-azwj Sent Bakht Nasr to them. An old woman from the children of Israel came to him and pointed him to that blood.
فَأَلْقَى فِي نَفْسِهِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الدَّمِ مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى يَسْكُنَ فَقَتَلَ عَلَيْهَا سَبْعِينَ أَلْفاً فِي سَنَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ حَتَّى سَكَنَ
He cast it within himself that upon that blood, he would keep killing them until it calms down. He killed seventy thousand in one year, until it calmed.[188]
25- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ عَاقِرَ نَاقَةِ صَالِحٍ كَانَ أَزْرَقَ ابْنَ بَغِيٍّ وَ إِنَّ قَاتِلَ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع ابْنُ بَغِيٍّ وَ إِنَّ قَاتِلَ عَلِيٍّ ع ابْنُ بَغِيٍّ وَ كَانَتْ مُرَادٌ تَقُولُ مَا نَعْرِفُ لَهُ فِينَا أَباً وَ لَا نَسَباً وَ إِنَّ قَاتِلَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع ابْنُ بَغِيٍّ وَ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَقْتُلِ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ وَ لَا أَوْلَادَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ إِلَّا أَوْلَادُ الْبَغَايَا
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, form his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Usman Ibn Isa, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir,
وَ قَالَ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ لَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ سَمِيًّا قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا ع لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ سَمِيٌّ قَبْلَهُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ سَمِيٌّ قَبْلَهُ وَ بَكَتِ السَّمَاءُ عَلَيْهِمَا أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً وَ كَذَلِكَ بَكَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ بُكَاؤُهَا أَنْ تَطْلُعَ حَمْرَاءَ وَ تَغِيبَ حَمْرَاءَ
And he-asws said regarding the Words of the Exalted, Majestic is His-azwj Mention: We have not Made it to be a name from before (for anyone else)’ [19:7]: ‘Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as, there did not happen to be (this) name for anyone before him-as; and Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, there did not happen to be (this) name for anyone before him-as; and the sky wept upon them both-as for forty mornings, and like that the sun wept upon them-as, and their crying was that redness emerged and redness disappeared’’.[189]
26- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّ الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع بَكَى لِقَتْلِهِ السَّمَاءُ وَ الْأَرْضُ وَ احْمَرَّتَا وَ لَمْ يَبْكِيَا عَلَى أَحَدٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا عَلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as – From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, there cried for his-as killing, the sky and the earth. They both reddened and they have not cried upon anyone at all except upon Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as’’.[190]
27- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى فَما بَكَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّماءُ وَ الْأَرْضُ قَالَ لَمْ تَبْكِ السَّمَاءُ عَلَى أَحَدٍ قَبْلَ قَتْلِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع وَ بَعْدَهُ حَتَّى قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع فَبَكَتْ عَلَيْهِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Fazal, from Abu Jameela, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said regarding the Words of the Exalted: So the sky and the earth did not weep upon them [44:29]. He-asws said: ‘The sky did not weep upon anyone before the murder of Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as and after him-as until Al-Husayn-asws was killed, so it wept upon him-asws’’.[191]
28- مل، كامل الزيارات ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ كَانَ قَاتِلُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَلَدَ زِناً وَ كَانَ قَاتِلُ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع وَلَدَ زِناً وَ لَمْ تَبْكِ السَّمَاءُ وَ الْأَرْضُ إِلَّا لَهُمَا وَ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ
‘Kamil Al Ziyaraat’ – Ibn al Waleed, from Al Safar, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Fazal, from Marwan Ibn Muslim, from Ismail Bin Kaseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The killer of Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws was a son of adultery (bastard), and the killer of Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as was a son of adultery, and the sky and the earth did not weep except for them-as both’ – and mentioned the Hadeeth’ – the Hadeeth’.[192]
29- مل، كامل الزيارات مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ الَّذِي قَتَلَ الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع وَلَدَ زِناً وَ الَّذِي قَتَلَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا ع وَلَدَ زِناً
‘Kamil Al Ziyaraat’ – Muhammad Bin Ja’far, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Safwan, from Dawood Bin Farqad,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The one who killed Al-Husayn Bin Ali-asws was a son of adultery (illegitimate), and the one who killed Yahya Ibn Zakariyya-as was a son of adultery’’.[193]
30- مل، كامل الزيارات أَبِي وَ ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مِثْلَهُ
‘Kamil Al Ziyaraat’ – My father and Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Safar, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Fazal, from Ibn Bakeyr, from Zurara, from Abdul Khaliq,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws – similar to it’.[194]
31- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ زَكَرِيَّا لَمَّا دَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنْ يَهَبَ لَهُ فَنَادَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ بِمَا نَادَتْهُ بِهِ فَأَحَبَّ أَنْ يَعْلَمَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ الصَّوْتَ مِنَ اللَّهِ أُوحِيَ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ آيَةَ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يُمْسَكَ لِسَانُهُ عَنِ الْكَلَامِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Zakariyya-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj to Gift him-as, the Angels called out to him-as what they called out to him-as, so he-as loved to know whether that is the voice from Allah-azwj. He-azwj Revealed to him-as that a Sign of that is the he-as should withhold his-as tongue from speaking for three days’.
قَالَ لَمَّا أُمْسِكَ لِسَانُهُ وَ لَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ لِي آيَةً قالَ آيَتُكَ أَلَّا تُكَلِّمَ النَّاسَ ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَّا رَمْزاً
He-asws said: ‘When he-as withheld his-as tongue and did not speak, he-as knew that none is Able upon that except Allah-azwj, and that is the Word of Allah-azwj: He said: ‘My Lord! Make a Sign to be for me’. He Said: “Your Sign is that you should not speak to the people for three days except by gestures [3:42]’’.[195]
32- ل، الخصال ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام فِي أَسْئِلَةِ الشَّامِيِّ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ وَ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ قُتِلَ يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا ع
‘Al-Khisaal’, Among the questions of the Syrian of Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘And on the day of Wednesday, Yahya Bin Zakariyya-as was killed’’.[196]
33- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: لَمَّا سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ أَنْ يَهَبَ لَهُ ذَكَراً فَوَهَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ يَحْيَى فَدَخَلَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ لِي آيَةً قالَ آيَتُكَ أَلَّا تُكَلِّمَ النَّاسَ ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَّا رَمْزاً فَكَانَ يُومِئُ بِرَأْسِهِ وَ هُوَ الرَّمْزُ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Hamad, from the one who narrated it,
‘From of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘When he-as (Zakariyya-as) asked his-as Lord-azwj to Gift a male child to him-as, Allah-azwj Gifted him-as Yahya-as something entered him-as from that, so he-as said: ‘He said: ‘My Lord! Make a Sign to be for me’. He Said: “Your Sign is that you should not speak to the people for three days except by gestures [3:42]’. He-as used to indicate with his-as head, and it is the gesture’’.[197]
34- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ سَيِّداً وَ حَصُوراً الْحَصُورُ الَّذِي لَا يَأْتِي النِّسَاءَ وَ نَبِيًّا مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Ismail Al Jufy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws and is a chief, and chaste [3:39], ‘Is the one who does not go to the women, and a and a Prophet from the righteous ones’ [3:39]’’.[198]
35- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ طَاعَةَ اللَّهِ خِدْمَتُهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَلَيْسَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ خِدْمَتِهِ تَعْدِلُ الصَّلَاةَ فَمِنْ ثَمَّ نَادَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ زَكَرِيَّا وَ هُوَ قائِمٌ يُصَلِّي فِي الْمِحْرابِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Husayn Bin Ahmad, from his father,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘Obeying Allah-azwj is serving Him-azwj in the earth, so there isn’t anything from His-azwj service equating the Salat. From then, the Angels called out to Zakariyya-as while he-as was standing praying Salat in the prayer niche.[199]
36- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي قِصَّةِ يَحْيَى يا زَكَرِيَّا إِنَّا نُبَشِّرُكَ بِغُلامٍ اسْمُهُ يَحْيى لَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ سَمِيًّا قَالَ لَمْ يَخْلُقْ أَحَداً قَبْلَهُ اسْمُهُ يَحْيَى
‘Tafseer of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) – ‘And He-azwj Said regarding the story of Yahya-as: O Zakariyya! We give you good news of a boy whose name shall be Yahya: We have not Made before him anyone with his name [19:7]. He-asws said: ‘He-azwj did not Create anyone before him-as, Naming him as ‘Yahya’.
فَحَكَى اللَّهُ قِصَّتَهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ يا يَحْيى خُذِ الْكِتابَ بِقُوَّةٍ وَ آتَيْناهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا قَالَ وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْحُكْمِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ صَبِيّاً فَقَالَ لَهُ الصِّبْيَانُ هَلُمَّ نَلْعَبْ فَقَالَ أَوْهِ وَ اللَّهِ مَا لِلَّعِبِ خُلِقْنَا وَ إِنَّمَا خُلِقْنَا لِلْجِدِّ لِأَمْرٍ عَظِيمٍ
Allah-azwj Related his-as story up to His-azwj Words: ‘‘O Yahya! Grab hold of the Book with strength; and We Granted him the Wisdom whilst he was a child [19:12]. He-asws said: ‘And from that is the Wisdom when he-as was a child, and the children said to him-as, ‘Come, let’s play’. But he-as said: ‘Oh! And Allah-azwj did not Create us for the play, and rather, He-azwj Created us for the exerting for a great matter!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ حَناناً مِنْ لَدُنَّا يَعْنِي تَحَنُّناً وَ رَحْمَةً عَلَى وَالِدَيْهِ وَ سَائِرِ عِبَادِنَا وَ زَكاةً يَعْنِي طَهَارَةً لِمَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَ صَدَّقَهُ وَ كانَ تَقِيًّا يَتَّقِي الشُّرُورَ وَ الْمَعَاصِيَ وَ بَرًّا بِوالِدَيْهِ مُحْسِناً إِلَيْهِمَا مُطِيعاً لَهُمَا وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ جَبَّاراً عَصِيًّا يَقْتُلُ عَلَى الْغَضَبِ وَ يَضْرِبُ عَلَى الْغَضَبِ لَكِنَّهُ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ أَخْطَأَ أَوْ هَمَّ بِخَطِيئَةٍ مَا خَلَا يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا ع فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يُذْنِبْ وَ لَمْ يَهُمَّ بِذَنْبٍ
Then He-azwj Said: And tenderness from Us [19:13] – Meaning, he-as would be tender upon his-as parents and the rest of Our-azwj servants; and pure – Meaning cleanliness for the one who believes in him-as and ratifies him-as; and he was pious – fearing the evil and the (acts of) disobedience. And dutiful to his parents [19:14] – favouring them, obedient to them both; and he did not happen to be insolent, disobedient – fighting out the anger and striking out the anger. But, there is none from a servant of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, except that he has sinned or thought of sinning, except from Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as, for he-as did not sin, and did not think of sinning.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ سَلامٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَ يَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَيًّا
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And peace on him on the day he was born, and on the day he dies, and on the day he is Resurrected to life [19:15].
وَ قَالَ أَيْضاً فِي قِصَّةِ يَحْيَى هُنالِكَ دَعا زَكَرِيَّا رَبَّهُ قالَ رَبِّ هَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً طَيِّبَةً إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعاءِ يَعْنِي لَمَّا رَأَى زَكَرِيَّا ع عِنْدَ مَرْيَمَ فَاكِهَةَ الشِّتَاءِ فِي الصَّيْفِ وَ فَاكِهَةَ الصَّيْفِ فِي الشِّتَاءِ وَ قَالَ لَهَا يا مَرْيَمُ أَنَّى لَكِ هذا قالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
And He-azwj Said regarding the story of Yahya-as and Zakariyya-as: That is where Zakariyya supplicated to his Lord; he said: My Lord! Grant me from You good offspring; surely You are the Hearer of the supplication [3:38] – Meaning, due to what Zakariyya-as saw to be in the presence of Maryam-as, fruits of the winter in the summer, and fruits of the summer in the winter, and he-as said to her-as: From where does this come to you? She said: It is from Allah. Surely Allah Gives to whom He so Desires to without measure [3:37].
وَ أَيْقَنَ زَكَرِيَّا أَنَّهُ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ إِذْ كَانَ لَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَا أَحَدٌ غَيْرُهُ قَالَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فِي نَفْسِهِ إِنَّ الَّذِي يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ مَرْيَمَ بِفَاكِهَةِ الشِّتَاءِ فِي الصَّيْفِ وَ فَاكِهَةِ الصَّيْفِ فِي الشِّتَاءِ لَقَادِرٌ أَنْ يَهَبَ لِي وَلَداً وَ إِنْ كُنْتُ شَيْخاً وَ كانَتِ امْرَأَتِي عاقِراً فَ هُنالِكَ دَعا زَكَرِيَّا رَبَّهُ فَ قالَ رَبِّ هَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً طَيِّبَةً إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعاءِ
And Zakariyya-as was certain that it was from the Presence of Allah-azwj, when it was so that no one used to come over to her-as apart from him-as. He-as said within himself-as during that: ‘The One-azwj Who is Able to Give Maryam-as the fruits of the winter during the summer, and fruits of the summer during the winter, is (surely) Able upon Endowing a son to me-as, and even though I-as am an old man and my-as wife is barren. Thus, That is where Zakariyya supplicated to his Lord; he said: My Lord! Grant me from You good offspring; surely You are the Hearer of the supplication [3:38].
قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَنادَتْهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ يَعْنِي نَادَتْ زَكَرِيَّا وَ هُوَ قائِمٌ يُصَلِّي فِي الْمِحْرابِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكَ بِيَحْيى مُصَدِّقاً بِكَلِمَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ قَالَ مُصَدِّقاً بِعِيسَى يُصَدِّقُ يَحْيَى بِعِيسَى وَ سَيِّداً يَعْنِي رَئِيساً فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ عَلَى أَهْلِ طَاعَتِهِ وَ حَصُوراً وَ هُوَ الَّذِي لَا يَأْتِي النِّسَاءَ وَ نَبِيًّا مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: Then the Angels called to him [3:39] – Meaning, called out to Zakariyya-as, as he stood Praying in the Prayer Niche: Allah Gives you the good news of Yahya verifying a Word from Allah. He-asws said: ‘Ratifying the truthfulness of Yahya-as with Isa-as; and a chief – Meaning a head in obedience to Allah-azwj, upon the people of His-azwj obedience; and chaste – and he-as was one who did not go to the women; and a Prophet from the righteous ones.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ أَوَّلُ تَصْدِيقِ يَحْيَى بِعِيسَى أَنَّ زَكَرِيَّا كَانَ لَا يَصْعَدُ إِلَى مَرْيَمَ فِي تِلْكَ الصَّوْمَعَةِ غَيْرُهُ يَصْعَدُ إِلَيْهَا بِسُلَّمٍ فَإِذَا نَزَلَ أَقْفَلَ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ فَتَحَ لَهَا مِنْ فَوْقِ الْبَابِ كُوَّةً صَغِيرَةً يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَا مِنْهَا الرِّيحُ
And he-asws said: ‘And it was so that the first was the ratification of Yahya-as with Isa-as. Zakariyya-as was such that no one ascended to Maryam-as in that room apart from him-as. He-as would ascend to her-as to greet, and whenever he-as descended, he-as would lock (the door) upon her-as, then he-as would open for her-as, from above the door, a small opening, for the wind to enter upon her-as from it.
فَلَمَّا وَجَدَ مَرْيَمَ وَ قَدْ حَبِلَتْ سَاءَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ قَالَ فِي نَفْسِهِ مَا كَانَ يَصْعَدُ إِلَى هَذِهِ أَحَدٌ غَيْرِي وَ قَدْ حَبِلَتْ وَ الْآنَ أَفْتَضِحُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَا يَشُكُّونَ أَنِّي أَحْبَلْتُهَا
When he-as saw her-as as having been expecting, that stung him-as, and he-as said within himself-as: ‘No one has climbed to this (room) anyone apart from me-as, and she-as is pregnant. Now, I-as shall be exposed among the Children of Israel. They will be doubting that it was I-as who impregnated her-as’.
فَجَاءَ إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهَا ذَلِكَ فَقَالَتْ يَا زَكَرِيَّا لَا تَخَفْ فَإِنَ اللَّهَ لَنْ يَصْنَعَ بِكَ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ ائْتِنِي بِمَرْيَمَ أَنْظُرْ إِلَيْهَا وَ أَسْأَلْهَا عَنْ حَالِهَا
He-as came over to his-as wife and said that to her, and she said, ‘O Zakariyya-as! Do not fear, for Allah-azwj would not Do anything with you-as except for good, and come to me with Maryam-as (for me) to look at her-as and ask her-as about her-as state’.
فَجَاءَ بِهَا زَكَرِيَّا ع إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ فَكَفَى اللَّهُ مَرْيَمَ مَئُونَةَ الْجَوَابِ عَنِ السُّؤَالِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتْ إِلَى أُخْتِهَا وَ هِيَ الْكُبْرَى وَ مَرْيَمُ الصُّغْرَى لَمْ تَقُمْ إِلَيْهَا امْرَأَةُ زَكَرِيَّا
Zakariyya-as came with her-as to his-as wife, and Allah-azwj Sufficed Maryam-as from providing the answer from the questioning. And when she-as entered to her-as sister, and she (sister) was older and Maryam-as was younger – the wife of Zakariyya-as did not stand up to her-as (for respect).
فَأَذِنَ اللَّهُ لِيَحْيَى وَ هُوَ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ فَنَخَسَ فِي بَطْنِهَا وَ أَزْعَجَهَا وَ نَادَى أُمَّهُ تَدْخُلُ إِلَيْكِ سَيِّدَةُ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ مُشْتَمِلَةً عَلَى سَيِّدِ رِجَالِ الْعَالَمِينَ فَلَا تَقُومِينَ إِلَيْهَا فَانْزَعَجَتْ وَ قَامَتْ إِلَيْهَا وَ سَجَدَ يَحْيَى وَ هُوَ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ لِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ
Allah-azwj Permitted to Yahya-as, and he-as was in the belly of his-as mother, so he-as nudged her with his-as hand and disturbed her and called out to his-as mother: ‘There has entered to you the Chieftess of the women of the worlds, containing the Chief of the men of the worlds, and you are not standing up to her-as!’ She got annoyed and stood up to her-as, and Yahya-as performed Sajda while he-as was in the belly of his-as mother, to Isa-as Bin Maryam-as.
فَذَلِكَ أَوَّلُ تَصْدِيقِهِ فَكَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع إِنَّهُمَا سَيِّدَا شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ مِنِ ابْنَيِ الْخَالَةِ يَحْيَى وَ عِيسَى
That was his-as first ratification for him-as, and these are the words of Rasool-Allah-saww regarding Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws: ‘They-asws both are the Chiefs of the youths of the inhabitants of Paradise except what was from the two sons-as of the maternal aunt, Isa-as and Yahya-as.[200]
37- كا، الكافي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ رَبِيعِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ الْعَامِرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ ع جَاءَ إِلَى قَبْرِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع وَ كَانَ سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ أَنْ يُحْيِيَهُ لَهُ فَدَعَاهُ فَأَجَابَهُ وَ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْقَبْرِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا تُرِيدُ مِنِّي فَقَالَ لَهُ أُرِيدُ أَنْ تُؤْنِسَنِي كَمَا كُنْتَ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا عِيسَى مَا سَكَنَتْ عَنِّي حَرَارَةُ الْمَوْتِ وَ أَنْتَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُعِيدَنِي إِلَى الدُّنْيَا وَ تَعُودَ إِلَيَّ حَرَارَةُ الْمَوْتِ فَتَرَكَهُ فَعَادَ إِلَى قَبْرِهِ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Ali Bin Muhammad, from one of our companions, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Rabie Bin Muhammad, from Abdullah Bin Suleym Al Aamiry,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Isa Bin Maryam-as came to the grave of Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as, and he-as had asked his-as Lord-azwj to Revive him-as for him-as. He-as called out to him-as, and he-as answered him-as and came out to him-as from the grave, and said to him-as, ‘What do you-as want from me-as?’ He-as said to him-as: ‘I-as want you-as to comfort me-as just as you-as used to in the world’. He-as said: ‘O Isa-as!’ The heat of death has yet to settle from me-as and you-as want to return me-as to the world, and the heat of death to return upon me-as (again)?’ He-as left him-as, He-as returned to his-as grave’’.[201]
38 إِرْشَادُ الْقُلُوبِ، كَانَ يَحْيَى ع لِبَاسُهُ اللِّيفَ وَ أَكْلُهُ وَرَقَ الشَّجَرَةِ
(opinion)[202]
39- يه، من لا يحضره الفقيه قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع إِنَّ رَجُلًا جَاءَ إِلَى عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي فَأَمَرَ عِيسَى ع أَنْ يُنَادَى فِي النَّاسِ لَا يَبْقَى أَحَدٌ إِلَّا خَرَجَ لِتَطْهِيرِ فُلَانٍ
‘Man La Yahzar Al Faqeeh’ – Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘A man came to Isa-as Bin Maryam-as and said to him-as, ‘O Spirit of Allah-azwj! I committed adultery, so purify me’. Isa-as ordered for it to be called out among the people: ‘There should not remain anyone except he should come out to purify so and so!’
فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ وَ اجْتَمَعُوا وَ صَارَ الرَّجُلُ فِي الْحُفْرَةِ نَادَى الرَّجُلُ فِي الْحُفْرَةِ لَا يَحُدَّنِي مَنْ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى فِي جَنْبِهِ حَدٌّ
When he-as gathered and they gathered, and the man came to be in the pit, the man called out in the pit, ‘No one should apply the legal punishment from Allah-azwj the Exalted upon me and there is a legal punishment due on him!’
فَانْصَرَفَ النَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ إِلَّا يَحْيَى وَ عِيسَى ع فَدَنَا مِنْهُ يَحْيَى فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا مُذْنِبُ عِظْنِي فَقَالَ لَهُ لَا تُخَلِّيَنَّ بَيْنَ نَفْسِكَ وَ بَيْنَ هَوَاهَا فَتَرْدَى قَالَ زِدْنِي قَالَ لَا تُعَيِّرَنَّ خَاطِئاً بِخَطِيئَتِهِ قَالَ زِدْنِي قَالَ لَا تَغْضَبْ قَالَ حَسْبِي
The people dispersed, all of them except Yahya-as, and Isa-as. Yahya-as approached him and said to him: ‘O sinner! Advise me-as’. He said to him-as, ‘Do not leave alone between your-as soul and its desires, for you-as will regress’. He-as said: ‘Increase for me-as’. He said, ‘Do not fault a sinner with his mistake’. He-as said: ‘Increase for me-as’. He said, ‘Do not be angry’. He-as said: ‘Suffices me-as’’.[203]
40- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مِهْزَمٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا ع يَبْكِي وَ لَا يَضْحَكُ وَ كَانَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ ع يَضْحَكُ وَ يَبْكِي وَ كَانَ الَّذِي يَصْنَعُ عِيسَى ع أَفْضَلَ مِنَ الَّذِي كَانَ يَصْنَعُ يَحْيَى ع
‘Al-Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazal, from Al Haasan Bin Al Jaham, from Ibrahim Bin Mahzam,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st having said: ‘Zakariyya-as used to cry and not laugh, and Isa-as Bin Maryam-as would laugh and cry, and that which Isa-as did was superior to that which was done by Yahya-as’’.[204]
41- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام الصَّدُوقُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع مِثْلَهُ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – Al-Sadouq, by his chain to Ibn Awrama, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Al Hassan Bin Al Jaham,
‘From Al-Reza-asws – similar to it’.[205]
42- ك، إكمال الدين بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا رَفَعَ اللَّهُ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ ع وَ اسْتَخْلَفَ فِي قَوْمِهِ شَمْعُونَ بْنَ حَمُّونَ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ شَمْعُونُ فِي قَوْمِهِ يَقُومُ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَتَّى اسْتَخْلَصَ رَبُّنَا تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ بَعَثَ فِي عِبَادِهِ نَبِيّاً مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ وَ هُوَ يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا ع
‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – By his chain from Abu Rafie,
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘When Isa-as Bin Maryam-as was Raised (to the sky) and he-as left behind Shamoun-as Bin Hamoun-as among his-as people, Shamoun-as did not cease to be among his-as people standing with the Command of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic until our Lord-azwj Blessed and Exalted Selected and Sent among His-azwj servants a Prophet-as from the righteous ones, and he-as is Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as.
فَمَضَى شَمْعُونُ وَ مَلَكَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ أَرْدَشِيرُ بْنُ أشكاس [أَشْكَانَ] أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ عَشَرَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ فِي ثَمَانِ سِنِينَ مِنْ مُلْكِهِ قَتَلَتِ الْيَهُودُ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا ع فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ أَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ الْوَصِيَّةَ فِي وُلْدِ شَمْعُونَ إِلَى آخِرِ مَا سَيَأْتِي فِي بَابِ أَحْوَالِ مُلُوكِ الْأَرْضِ
Shamoun-as expired and during that Ardasheyr Bin Ashkas ruled for fourteen years and ten months, and in the eight years of his rule, the Jews killed Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as. When Allah-azwj Wanted to Capture (his soul), Revealed to him to make the bequest to be among the children of Shamoun-as’ – up to the end of what I (Majlisi) will be coming with in the chapters of the situations of the kings of the earth’’.[206]
أبواب قصص عيسى و أمه و أبويها
CHAPTERS ON STORY OF ISA-as AND HIS-as MOTHER-as AND HER-as PARENTS-as
باب 16 قصص مريم و ولادتها و بعض أحوالها صلوات الله عليها و أحوال أبيها عمران
CHAPTER 16 – STORY OF MARYAM-as AND HER-as BIRTH AND PART OF HER-as SITUATIONS AND SITUATIONS OF HER-as FATHER-as IMRAN-as
الآيات آل عمران إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفى آدَمَ وَ نُوحاً وَ آلَ إِبْراهِيمَ وَ آلَ عِمْرانَ عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ
The Verses – (Surah) Aal-e-Imran-as: Surely Allah chose Adam and Noah and the progeny of Ibrahim and the progeny of Imran above the worlds [3:33]
ذُرِّيَّةً بَعْضُها مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَ اللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
Offspring, one being from the other; and Allah is Hearing, Knowing [3:34]
إِذْ قالَتِ امْرَأَتُ عِمْرانَ رَبِّ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لَكَ ما فِي بَطْنِي مُحَرَّراً فَتَقَبَّلْ مِنِّي إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
When a wife of Imran said: ‘My Lord! I vow to You what is in my womb, to be devoted (to Your worship), therefore Accept from me, surely You are the Hearing, the Knowing’ [3:35]
فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْها قالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُها أُنْثى وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِما وَضَعَتْ وَ لَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنْثى وَ إِنِّي سَمَّيْتُها مَرْيَمَ وَ إِنِّي أُعِيذُها بِكَ وَ ذُرِّيَّتَها مِنَ الشَّيْطانِ الرَّجِيمِ
So when she placed (gave birth to) it, she said: ‘My Lord! Surely I have placed a female’ – and Allah was more Knowing of what she placed – and the male isn’t like the female; ‘And I have named her Maryam, and I seek Refuge with You for her and her offspring from the Pelted Satan’ [3:36]
فَتَقَبَّلَها رَبُّها بِقَبُولٍ حَسَنٍ وَ أَنْبَتَها نَباتاً حَسَناً وَ كَفَّلَها زَكَرِيَّا كُلَّما دَخَلَ عَلَيْها زَكَرِيَّا الْمِحْرابَ وَجَدَ عِنْدَها رِزْقاً قالَ يا مَرْيَمُ أَنَّى لَكِ هذا قالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
So her Lord Accepted her with a goodly Acceptance and Made her grow up a good growing, and Zakariyya was in-charge of her. Whenever Zakariyya entered the Prayer Niche to (see) her, he found food in her presence. He said: ‘O Maryam! From where does this come to you?’ She said: ‘It is from Allah. Surely Allah Gives to whom He so Desires to without measure’ [3:37]
و قال تعالى وَ إِذْ قالَتِ الْمَلائِكَةُ يا مَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفاكِ وَ طَهَّرَكِ وَ اصْطَفاكِ عَلى نِساءِ الْعالَمِينَ
And the Exalted Said: And when the Angels said: ‘O Maryam! Allah has Chosen you and Purified you and Chosen you above the women of the worlds’ [3:42]
يا مَرْيَمُ اقْنُتِي لِرَبِّكِ وَ اسْجُدِي وَ ارْكَعِي مَعَ الرَّاكِعِينَ
O Maryam! Be obedient to your Lord and perform Sajdahs and Rukus along with the Ruku performers [3:43]
ذلِكَ مِنْ أَنْباءِ الْغَيْبِ نُوحِيهِ إِلَيْكَ وَ ما كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يُلْقُونَ أَقْلامَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ يَكْفُلُ مَرْيَمَ وَ ما كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ
That is from the News of the unseen We Reveal unto you; and you were not with them when they cast their pens (to decide) which of them would have the responsibility of Maryam, and you were not with them when they were contending [3:44]
إِذْ قالَتِ الْمَلائِكَةُ يا مَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكِ بِكَلِمَةٍ مِنْهُ اسْمُهُ الْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ وَجِيهاً فِي الدُّنْيا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ مِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ
When the Angel said: ‘O Maryam! Allah Gives you glad tidings with a Word from Him (of one) whose name is the Messiah, Isa son of Maryam, worthy of regard in the world and the Hereafter and from those of Proximity [3:45]
وَ يُكَلِّمُ النَّاسَ فِي الْمَهْدِ وَ كَهْلًا وَ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
And he shall speak to the people when in the cradle and when of old age, and (he shall be) from the righteous ones’ [3:46]
قالَتْ رَبِّ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لِي وَلَدٌ وَ لَمْ يَمْسَسْنِي بَشَرٌ قالَ كَذلِكِ اللَّهُ يَخْلُقُ ما يَشاءُ إِذا قَضى أَمْراً فَإِنَّما يَقُولُ لَهُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ
She said: Lord! How can there happen to be a son for me and a man has not touched me?’ He said: ‘It would be like that! Allah Creates whatever He so Desires to. Whenever He Decrees a matter, He is rather Saying to it, “Be”, so it becomes [3:47]
وَ يُعَلِّمُهُ الْكِتابَ وَ الْحِكْمَةَ وَ التَّوْراةَ وَ الْإِنْجِيلَ
And He will Teach him the Book and the Wisdom and the Torah and the Evangel [3:48]
وَ رَسُولًا إِلى بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ أَنِّي قَدْ جِئْتُكُمْ بِآيَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ أَنِّي أَخْلُقُ لَكُمْ مِنَ الطِّينِ كَهَيْئَةِ الطَّيْرِ فَأَنْفُخُ فِيهِ فَيَكُونُ طَيْراً بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ أُبْرِئُ الْأَكْمَهَ وَ الْأَبْرَصَ وَ أُحْيِ الْمَوْتى بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِما تَأْكُلُونَ وَ ما تَدَّخِرُونَ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ إِنَّ فِي ذلِكَ لَآيَةً لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
And (Make him) a Rasool to the Children of Israel: ‘I have come to you with a Sign from your Lord. I shall shape for you from the clay like a bird, then I shall breathe into it so it would become a bird by the Permission of Allah; and I shall cure the blind and the leprous, and revive the dead by the Permission of Allah, and I shall inform you of what you have eaten and what you are hoarding in your houses; surely in that is a Sign for you all, if you were Momineen [3:49]
وَ مُصَدِّقاً لِما بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ مِنَ التَّوْراةِ وَ لِأُحِلَّ لَكُمْ بَعْضَ الَّذِي حُرِّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ جِئْتُكُمْ بِآيَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ أَطِيعُونِ
And a verification of what came before me of the Torah’ and that I may permit for you part of that which has been Prohibited unto you; and I have come to you with a Sign from your Lord; therefore fear Allah and obey me [3:50]
إِنَّ اللَّهَ رَبِّي وَ رَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ هذا صِراطٌ مُسْتَقِيمٌ
Surely Allah is my Lord and your Lord, therefore worship Him; this is the Straight Path [3:51].
1- كا، الكافي حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى مَوْلَى آلِ سَامٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ تُؤْتَى بِالْمَرْأَةِ الْحَسْنَاءِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ الَّتِي قَدِ افْتَتَنَتْ فِي حُسْنِهَا فَتَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ حَسَّنْتَ خَلْقِي حَتَّى لَقِيتُ مَا لَقِيتُ فَيُجَاءُ بِمَرْيَمَ ع فَيُقَالُ أَنْتِ أَحْسَنُ أَمْ هَذِهِ قَدْ حَسَّنَّاهَا فَلَمْ تَفْتَتِنْ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al hassan Bin Muhammad Al Kindy, from Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Maysami, from Aban Bin Usman, from Abdul A’ala, a slave of the family of Saam who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘They will come with a beautiful woman on the Day of Qiyamah who had tempted (men) with her beauty, and she will be saying, ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj Made my creation beautiful until I faced what I faced’. They would come with Maryam-as and it would be said, ‘Are you more beautiful or this one? She-as had her-as beauty but did not tempt’’.[207]
2- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ فِي الْكِتَابِ إِذْ قالَتِ الْمَلائِكَةُ يا مَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفاكِ وَ طَهَّرَكِ وَ اصْطَفاكِ عَلى نِساءِ الْعالَمِينَ اصْطَفَاهَا مَرَّتَيْنِ وَ الِاصْطِفَاءُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مَرَّةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي يَا حَكَمُ إِنَّ لِهَذَا تَأْوِيلًا وَ تَفْسِيراً
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Al-Hakam Bin Ayayna who said, ‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the Words of Allah-azwj in the Book And when the Angels said: ‘O Maryam! Allah has Chosen you and Purified you and Chosen you above the women of the worlds’ [3:42]. He-azwj Chose her-as twice, and the Choosing rather, it is only once?’ He-asws said to me: ‘For this there is an explanation and an interpretation’.
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَفَسِّرْهُ لَنَا أَبْقَاكَ اللَّهُ قَالَ يَعْنِي اصْطَفَاهَا أَوَّلًا مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ الْمُصْطَفَيْنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ طَهَّرَهَا مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي وِلَادَتِهَا مِنْ آبَائِهَا وَ أُمَّهَاتِهَا سِفَاحٌ وَ اصْطَفَاهَا بِهَذَا فِي الْقُرْآنِ يا مَرْيَمُ اقْنُتِي لِرَبِّكِ وَ اسْجُدِي وَ ارْكَعِي شُكْراً لِلَّهِ
I said to him-asws, ‘Interpret it for me, may Allah-azwj Keep you-asws remaining (alive)’. He-asws said: ‘It mean He-azwj Chose her-as from the offspring of the Prophets-as, the Chosen ones, the Mursils-as, and Purified her-as from that there would happen to be regarding her-as birth from her-as forefathers and her-as foremothers, any adulterers, and He-azwj Chose her-as with this in the Quran O Maryam! Be obedient to your Lord and perform Sajdahs and Rukus [3:43], in gratefulness to Allah-azwj.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِنَبِيِّهِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص يُخْبِرُهُ بِمَا غَابَ عَنْهُ مِنْ خَبَرِ مَرْيَمَ وَ عِيسَى يَا مُحَمَّدُ ذلِكَ مِنْ أَنْباءِ الْغَيْبِ نُوحِيهِ إِلَيْكَ فِي مَرْيَمَ وَ ابْنِهَا وَ بِمَا خَصَّهُمَا اللَّهُ بِهِ وَ فَضَّلَهُمَا وَ أَكْرَمَهُمَا حَيْثُ قَالَ وَ ما كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِذْ يُلْقُونَ أَقْلامَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ يَكْفُلُ مَرْيَمَ حِينَ إِيتِمَتْ مِنْ أَبِيهَا
Then He-azwj Said to His-azwj Prophet Muhammad-saww, Informing him-saww with what was hidden from him-saww from the news of Maryam-as and Isa-as: “O Muhammad-saww! That is from the News of the unseen We Reveal unto you [3:44] – regarding Maryam-as and her-as son-as, and with what Allah-azwj had Chosen them-as with, and Merited them-as, and Honoured them-as where He-azwj Said: and you were not with them – O Muhammad-saww, meaning by that before the Lord-azwj of the Angels, when they cast their pens (to decide) which of them would have the responsibility of Maryam – where she-as would be less from him being her-as father’’.[208]
Notes –
وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع مَعْنَى الْآيَةِ اصْطَفَاكِ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ طَهَّرَكِ مِنَ السِّفَاحِ وَ اصْطَفَاكِ لِوِلَادَةِ عِيسَى مِنْ غَيْرِ فَحْلٍ
And Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘The meaning of the Verse: Allah has Chosen you – from offspring of the Prophets-as – and Purified you – from the adultery – and Chosen you [3:42] – for the birth of Isa-as from without a male’.
وَ رَوَى الثَّعْلَبِيُّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: حَسْبُكَ مِنْ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ أَرْبَعٌ مَرْيَمُ بِنْتُ عِمْرَانَ وَ آسِيَةُ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ خَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ وَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ
And it a report by Al Sa’alby, by his chain from Abu Hureyra, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Among women of the worlds, four suffice you – Maryam Bint Imran-as, and Aasiya-as (Bint Muzahim) wife of Pharaoh-la, and Khadeeja Bint Khuwaylid-as, and Fatima-asws Bint Muhammad-saww’.
3- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ مُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَنْ غَسَّلَ فَاطِمَةَ ع قَالَ ذَاكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع كَأَنَّمَا اسْتَفْظَعْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ فَقَالَ لِي كَأَنَّكَ ضِقْتَ مِمَّا أَخْبَرْتُكَ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Abdul Rahman Bin Salim, from Al Mufazzal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, (the narrator says) ’I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Who Washed (Syeda) Fatima-asws (for the funeral)?’ He-asws said: ‘That was Amir Al-Momineen-asws’, and it was as if I took that as grievous from his-asws words. So he-asws said: ‘It is as if you-asws are constricted with what I-asws informed you with’.
فَقُلْتُ قَدْ كَانَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَقَالَ لَا تَضِيقَنَّ فَإِنَّهَا صِدِّيقَةٌ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُغَسِّلُهَا إِلَّا صِدِّيقٌ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ مَرْيَمَ ع لَمْ يُغَسِّلْهَا إِلَّا عِيسَى ع
I said, ‘It has been that, may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’ He-asws said: ‘Do not be constricted, for she-asws is a Truthful and none could have happened to have washed her-asws except for a Truthful. Do you not know that Maryam-as, no one washed her-as (for funeral) except for Isa-as?’’.[209]
4- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ سَيْفٍ عَنْ نَجْمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ع ضَمِنَتْ لِعَلِيٍّ ع عَمَلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ الْعَجِينَ وَ الْخُبْزَ وَ قَمَّ الْبَيْتِ وَ ضَمِنَ لَهَا عَلِيٌّ ع مَا كَانَ خَلْفَ الْبَابِ نَقْلَ الْحَطَبِ وَ أَنْ يَجِيءَ بِالطَّعَامِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Sayf, from Najam,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws took the responsibility to Ali-asws that she-asws would be doing the housework, and make the dough and the bread, and sweep the house. And Ali-asws took the responsibility to help her-asws with whatever was behind the door, bring the firewood, and that he-asws would come with the food (ingredients).
فَقَالَ لَهَا يَوْماً يَا فَاطِمَةُ هَلْ عِنْدَكِ شَيْءٌ قَالَتْ وَ الَّذِي عَظَّمَ حَقَّكَ مَا كَانَ عِنْدَنَا مُنْذُ ثَلَاثٍ إِلَّا شَيْءٌ آثَرْتُكَ بِهِ قَالَ أَ فَلَا أَخْبَرْتِنِي قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص نَهَانِي أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ شَيْئاً فَقَالَ لَا تَسْأَلِي ابْنَ عَمِّكِ شَيْئاً إِنْ جَاءَكِ بِشَيْءٍ عَفْواً وَ إِلَّا فَلَا تَسْأَلِيهِ
One day, he-asws said to her-asws: ‘O Fatima-asws! Is there anything with you-asws?’ She-asws said: ‘No. By the One-azwj who Magnified your-asws rights, there is nothing with us-asws since the last three days we-asws can speak to you-asws by’. He-asws said: ‘Why did you-asws not inform me-asws?’ She-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww had forbidden me-asws that I-asws should ask you-asws for anything’, so he-saww said: ‘Do not ask your-asws cousin for anything. If he-asws comes to you-asws with something, welcome, otherwise do not ask him-asws’.
قَالَ فَخَرَجَ ع فَلَقِيَ رَجُلًا فَاسْتَقْرَضَ مِنْهُ دِينَاراً ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ بِهِ وَ قَدْ أَمْسَى فَلَقِيَ الْمِقْدَادَ بْنَ الْأَسْوَدِ فَقَالَ لِلْمِقْدَادِ مَا أَخْرَجَكَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّاعَةِ قَالَ الْجُوعُ وَ الَّذِي عَظَّمَ حَقَّكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
He-asws (Abu Ja’far-asws) said: ‘He-asws went out and met a man and borrowed a Dinar from him. Then he-asws returned with it. He-asws met Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-as. He-asws said to Al-Miqdad: ‘What made you-as to come out in this hour?’ He-as said, ‘The hunger, by the One-azwj Who Magnified your-asws rights, O Amir-Al-Momineen-asws!’
قَالَ فَهُوَ أَخْرَجَنِي وَ قَدِ اسْتَقْرَضْتُ دِينَاراً وَ سَأُؤْثِرُكَ بِهِ فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ
He-asws (Amir-Al-Momineen-asws) said: ‘It would take me-asws out, and I-asws had borrowed it, but I-asws give it to you-as the preference for it’. He-asws handed it over to him-as’.
فَأَقْبَلَ فَوَجَدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص جَالِساً وَ فَاطِمَةَ تُصَلِّي وَ بَيْنَهُمَا شَيْءٌ مُغَطًّى فَلَمَّا فَرَغَتْ أَحْضَرَتْ ذَلِكَ الشَّيْءَ فَإِذَا جَفْنَةٌ مِنْ خُبْزٍ وَ لَحْمٍ قَالَ يَا فَاطِمَةُ أَنَّى لَكِ هذا قالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
He-asws returned, and found Rasool-Allah-saww to be seated, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws Praying Salat, and in between them was something covered. When she-asws was free, she-asws presented that thing. It was a bowl of bread and meat. He-asws said: ‘O Fatima-asws! This is with you-asws?’ She-asws said: ‘It is from Allah. Surely Allah Gives to whom He so Desires to without measure’ [3:37].
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَ لَا أُحَدِّثُكَ بِمَثَلِكَ وَ مَثَلِهَا قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ مَثَلُ زَكَرِيَّا إِذْ دَخَلَ عَلَى مَرْيَمَ الْمِحْرَابَ فَ وَجَدَ عِنْدَها رِزْقاً قالَ يا مَرْيَمُ أَنَّى لَكِ هذا قالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ فَأَكَلُوا مِنْهَا شَهْراً وَ هِيَ الْجَفْنَةُ الَّتِي يَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا الْقَائِمُ ع وَ هُوَ عِنْدَهُ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Shall I-saww narrate to you-asws of something similar to it?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. He-saww said: ‘An example of Zakariyya-as when he-as came up to Maryam-as in the Prayer Niche, so he-as found sustenance in her-as presence. He-as said: ‘O Maryam! From where does this come to you?’ She said: ‘It is from Allah. Surely Allah Gives to whom He so Desires to without measure’ [3:37]. So they-asws ate from it for a month. And it is the bowl from which Al-Qaim-asws would eat, and it is with us-asws’’.[210]
5- ل، الخصال الْفَامِيُّ وَ ابْنُ مَسْرُورٍ مَعاً عَنِ ابْنِ بُطَّةَ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: أَوَّلُ مَنْ سُوهِمَ عَلَيْهِ مَرْيَمُ بِنْتُ عِمْرَانَ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ وَ ما كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يُلْقُونَ أَقْلامَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ يَكْفُلُ مَرْيَمَ وَ السِّهَامُ سِتَّةٌ الْخَبَرَ
‘Al Khisaal’ – Al Famy and Ibn Masrour both together, from Ibn Batah, from Al Safar, from Ibn Marouf, from Hamad, from Hareyz, from the one who informed him,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The first one to be drawn lots upon was Maryam-as daughter of Imran-as, and these are the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and you were not with them when they cast their pens (to decide) which of them would have the responsibility of Maryam [3:44], and their arrows were six (in number)’ – the Hadeeth’.[211]
6- فس، تفسير القمي وَ الَّتِي أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَها قَالَ مَرْيَمُ لَمْ يَنْظُرْ إِلَيْهَا شَيْءٌ فَنَفَخْنا فِيها مِنْ رُوحِنا قَالَ رُوحٌ مَخْلُوقَةٌ لِلَّهِ
(opinion)[212]
7- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّهْدِيِّ قَالَ: دَخَلَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْمُكَارِي عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ بَلَغَ مِنْ قَدْرِكَ أَنْ تَدَّعِيَ مَا ادَّعَى آبَاؤُكَ
‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – My father, from Dawood Bin Muhammad Al Nahdy who said,
‘Abu Saeed Al-Makary came to Abu Al-Hassan-asws and said to him-asws, ‘Does it reach from you-asws worth that you-asws should be claiming what your-asws forefathers-asws claimed?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع مَا لَكَ أَطْفَأَ اللَّهُ نُورَكَ وَ أَدْخَلَ الْفَقْرَ بَيْتَكَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَى عِمْرَانَ أَنِّي وَاهِبٌ لَكَ ذَكَراً فَوَهَبَ لَهُ مَرْيَمَ وَ وَهَبَ لِمَرْيَمَ عِيسَى
Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘What is the matter with you? May Allah-azwj Extinguish your light and enter the poverty in your house! Do you not know that Allah-azwj Revealed to Imran-as: “I-azwj shall Grant and male child to you-as!” And He-azwj Granted Maryam-as to him-as, and Granted Isa-as to Maryam-as?
فَعِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مِنْ مَرْيَمَ وَ مَرْيَمُ مِنْ عِيسَى وَ مَرْيَمُ وَ عِيسَى وَاحِدٌ وَ أَنَا مِنْ أَبِي وَ أَبِي مِنِّي وَ أَنَا وَ أَبِي شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ الْخَبَرَ
Thus, Isa-as Bin Maryam-as is from Maryam-as, and Maryam-as is from Isa-as, and Maryam and Isa-as are one, and I-asws am from my-asws father-asws, and my-asws father-asws is from me-asws, and I-asws and my-asws father-asws are one thing’ – the Hadeeth’.[213]
8- فس، تفسير القمي إِذْ قالَتِ امْرَأَتُ عِمْرانَ رَبِّ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لَكَ ما فِي بَطْنِي مُحَرَّراً فَتَقَبَّلْ مِنِّي إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى عِمْرَانَ أَنِّي وَاهِبٌ لَكَ ذَكَراً يُبْرِئُ الْأَكْمَهَ وَ الْأَبْرَصَ وَ يُحْيِي الْمَوْتَى بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ فَبَشَّرَ عِمْرَانُ زَوْجَتَهُ بِذَلِكَ فَحَمَلَتْ فَقَالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لَكَ ما فِي بَطْنِي مُحَرَّراً لِلْمِحْرَابِ وَ كَانُوا إِذَا نَذَرُوا نَذْراً مُحَرَّراً جَعَلُوا وُلْدَهُمْ لِلْمِحْرَابِ فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْها قالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُها أُنْثى وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِما وَضَعَتْ وَ لَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنْثى وَ أَنْتَ وَعَدْتَنِي ذَكَراً وَ إِنِّي سَمَّيْتُها مَرْيَمَ وَ إِنِّي أُعِيذُها بِكَ وَ ذُرِّيَّتَها مِنَ الشَّيْطانِ الرَّجِيمِ فَوَهَبَ اللَّهُ لِمَرْيَمَ عِيسَى ع
قَالَ وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنْ قُلْنَا لَكُمْ فِي الرَّجُلِ مِنَّا قَوْلًا فَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ وَ كَانَ فِي وَلَدِهِ أَوْ وَلَدِ وَلَدِهِ فَلَا تُنْكِرُوا ذَلِكَ
He said, ‘My father narrated to me, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ali Bin Raib, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘If we-asws say to you a word regarding the man-asws from us-asws, so it does not happen regarding him, and it would happen in his-asws son-asws, or son-asws of his-asws son-asws, therefore do not be denying that.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَى عِمْرَانَ أَنِّي وَاهِبٌ لَكَ ذَكَراً مُبَارَكاً يُبْرِئُ الْأَكْمَهَ وَ الْأَبْرَصَ وَ يُحْيِي الْمَوْتَى بِإِذْنِي وَ جَاعِلُهُ رَسُولًا إِلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
Allah-azwj Revealed to Imran-as: “Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed unto Imran-as: “I-azwj shall Grant to you-as a male (son), perfect, Blessed. He-as will cure the blindness and leprosy, and he-as will revive the dead by the Permission of Allah-azwj, and I-azwj shall Make him-as a Rasool-as to the Children of Israel”.
فَحَدَّثَ امْرَأَتَهُ حَنَّةَ بِذَلِكَ وَ هِيَ أُمُّ مَرْيَمَ فَلَمَّا حَمَلَتْ بِهَا كَانَ حَمْلُهَا عِنْدَ نَفْسِهَا غُلَاماً فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْها أُنْثَى قالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُها أُنْثى وَ لَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنْثى لِأَنَّ الْبِنْتَ لَا تَكُونُ رَسُولًا يَقُولُ اللَّهُ وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِما وَضَعَتْ
Imran-as narrated it to his-as wife Hanna with that, and she is the mother of Maryam-as. When she was expecting, it was so that within herself she thought it was a boy. [3:36] So when she gave birth to it, she said: My Lord! Surely I have brought it forth a female . . . . and the male is not like the female’, i.e., a daughter cannot happen to be a Rasool-as. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said and Allah was more Knowing of what she gave birth to.
فَلَمَّا وَهَبَ اللَّهُ لِمَرْيَمَ عِيسَى ع كَانَ هُوَ الَّذِي بَشَّرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ عِمْرَانَ وَ وَعَدَهُ إِيَّاهُ فَإِذَا قُلْنَا لَكُمْ فِي الرَّجُلِ مِنَّا شَيْئاً وَ كَانَ فِي وَلَدِهِ أَوْ وَلَدِ وَلَدِهِ فَلَا تُنْكِرُوا ذَلِكَ
When Allah-azwj the Exalted Granted Isa-as to Maryam-as, it was so that he-as was the one Imran-as had been Given glad tidings with, and Promised to him-as. When we-asws say something regarding the man-asws from us-asws, and it happens to be in his-asws son, or a son of his-asws son, so do not deny that.
فَلَمَّا بَلَغَتْ مَرْيَمُ صَارَتْ فِي الْمِحْرَابِ وَ أَرْخَتْ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا سِتْراً وَ كَانَ لَا يَرَاهَا أَحَدٌ وَ كَانَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَا زَكَرِيَّا الْمِحْرَابَ فَيَجِدُ عِنْدَهَا فَاكِهَةَ الصَّيْفِ فِي الشِّتَاءِ وَ فَاكِهَةَ الشِّتَاءِ فِي الصَّيْفِ فَكَانَ يَقُولُ لَهَا أَنَّى لَكِ هذا فَتَقُولُ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
When Maryam-as was an adult she-as came in the prayer niche and pulled down a curtain upon herself-as, and no one could see her-as; and Zakariyya-as would enter the prayer niche to see her-as, and he-as would find fruits of the summer in her-as presence in the winter, and fruits of the winter in the summer, and he-as said to her-as: ‘From where does this come to you?’ She said: ‘It is from Allah. Surely Allah Gives to whom He so Desires to without measure’ [3:37]’’.[214]
9- ل، الخصال مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مَنِيعٍ عَنْ شَيْبَانَ بْنِ فَرُّوخَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي الْفُرَاتِ عَنْ عِلْبَاءِ بْنِ أَحْمَرَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: خَطَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعَ خُطَطٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ قَالَ أَ تَدْرُونَ مَا هَذَا قُلْنَا اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَفْضَلُ نِسَاءِ الْجَنَّةِ أَرْبَعٌ خَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ وَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مَرْيَمُ بِنْتُ عِمْرَانَ وَ آسِيَةُ بِنْتُ مُزَاحِمٍ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ
‘Al Khisaal’ – Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Ismail, from Abu Al Qasim Bin Manie, from Shayban Bin Furouj, from Dawood Bin Abu al Furat, from Alba’a Bin Ahmar, from Ikrama, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww drew four lines in the ground and said: ‘Do you know what this is?’ We said, ‘Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww are more Knowing’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The most superior of the women of Paradise are four – Khadeeja-asws Bint Khuwaylad-as, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws Bint Muhammad-asws, and Maryam-as Bint Imran-as, and Aasiya-as Bint Mazaham-as wife of Pharaoh-la.[215]
10- ل، الخصال سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ اللَّحْمِيُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ حَجَّاجِ بْنِ الْمِنْهَالِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي الْفُرَاتِ عَنْ عِلْبَاءٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ خَطَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعَ خُطُوطٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ خَيْرُ نِسَاءِ الْجَنَّةِ مَرْيَمُ بِنْتُ عِمْرَانَ وَ خَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ وَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آسِيَةُ بِنْتُ مُزَاحِمٍ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ
‘Al Khisaal’ – Suleyman Bin Ahmad Bin Ayoub Al Lahmy, from Ali Bin Abdul Aziz, from Hajaj Bin Al Minhal, from Dawood Bin Abu Al Furat, from Alba’a, from Ikrama, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww drew four lines (in the ground), then said: ‘Best of the womenfolk of Paradise are Maryam-as Bint Imran-as, and Khadeeja-asws Bint Khuwaylad, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws Bint Muhammad-asws, and Aasiya-as Bint Mazaham wife of Pharaoh-la’’.[216]
11- ل، الخصال ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرَّازِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اخْتَارَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ أَرْبَعاً مَرْيَمَ وَ آسِيَةَ وَ خَدِيجَةَ وَ فَاطِمَةَ الْخَبَرَ
‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Idrees, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Abu Abdullah Al Razy, from Ibn Abu Usman, from Musa Bin Bakr,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Chose four from the women – Maryam-as, and Aasiya-as, and Khadeeja-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws’ – the Hadeeth’.[217]
12- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْجُعْفِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع إِنَّ الْمُغِيرَةَ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ الْحَائِضَ تَقْضِي الصَّلَاةَ كَمَا تَقْضِي الصَّوْمَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Aban Bin Usman, from Ismail Al Jufy who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘Al-Mugheira claims that the menstruating woman would pay back her (missed) Salat just as she should pay back her (missed) Fasts’.
فَقَالَ مَا لَهُ لَا وَفَّقَهُ اللَّهُ إِنَّ امْرَأَةَ عِمْرَانَ قَالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لَكَ ما فِي بَطْنِي مُحَرَّراً وَ الْمُحَرَّرُ لِلْمَسْجِدِ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ أَبَداً
He-asws said: ‘What is the matter with him? May Allah-azwj not Let him achieve his aim! Wife of Imran-as said: ‘My Lord! I vow to You what is in my womb, to be devoted (to Your worship), [3:35], and the devoted (consecrated) for the Masjid does not come out from it, ever.
فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْ مَرْيَمُ قَالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُها أُنْثى … وَ لَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنْثى فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْهَا أَدْخَلَتْهَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَتْ مَبْلَغَ النِّسَاءِ أُخْرِجَتْ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ أَنَّى كَانَتْ تَجِدُ أَيَّاماً تَقْضِيهَا وَ هِيَ عَلَيْهَا أَنْ تَكُونَ الدَّهْرَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ
When Maryam-as placed (gave birth), she said: ‘My Lord! Surely I have placed a female’ – and Allah was more Knowing of what she placed – and the male isn’t like the female [3:36]. When she had given birth, she entered her-as into the Masjid. When she (Maryam-as) reached the age of the women (womanhood), she-as exited from the Masjid, when she-as found her-as days (of menstruation), and it was upon her-as that she should happen to be forever in the Masjid?’’[218]
13- كا، الكافي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْجُعْفِيِ مِثْلَهُ وَ فِيهِ فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْهَا أَدْخَلَتْهَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَسَاهَمَتْ عَلَيْهَا الْأَنْبِيَاءُ فَأَصَابَتِ الْقُرْعَةُ زَكَرِيَّا ع فَكَفَّلَهَا زَكَرِيَّا ع فَلَمْ تَخْرُجْ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ حَتَّى بَلَغَتْ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَتْ مَا تَبْلُغُ النِّسَاءُ خَرَجَتْ
‘Al-Kafi’ – Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Al Moala, from Al Washa, from Aban Bin Usman, from Ismail Al Jufy
‘Similar to it, and in it: ‘When she-as was born, he-as entered her-as into the Masjid and the Prophets-as drew lots upon her-as. The lot came for Zakariyya-as, and Zakariyya-as locked her-as, so she-as could not exit from the Masjid until she-as was an adult. When she-as was an adult what the women tend to reach, she-as came out.
فَهَلْ كَانَتْ تَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ تَقْضِيَ تِلْكَ الْأَيَّامَ الَّتِي خَرَجَتْ وَ هِيَ عَلَيْهَا أَنْ تَكُونَ الدَّهْرَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ
What she-as able upon fulfilling those days which she-as came out and these were upon her-as, if she-as would happen to be in the Masjid for ever?’’[219]
14- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ عِمْرَانَ أَ كَانَ نَبِيّاً
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Humeyri, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Raib, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about Imran-as, ‘Was he-as a Prophet-as?’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ كَانَ نَبِيّاً مُرْسَلًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِ وَ كَانَتْ حَنَّةُ امْرَأَةُ عِمْرَانَ وَ حَنَّانَةُ امْرَأَةُ زَكَرِيَّا أُخْتَيْنِ فَوُلِدَ لِعِمْرَانَ مِنْ حَنَّةَ مَرْيَمُ وَ وُلِدَ لِزَكَرِيَّا مِنْ حَنَّانَةَ يَحْيَى ع وَ وَلَدَتْ مَرْيَمُ عِيسَى ع وَ كَانَ عِيسَى ع ابْنَ بِنْتِ خَالَتِهِ وَ كَانَ يَحْيَى ع ابْنَ خَالَةِ مَرْيَمَ وَ خَالَةُ الْأُمِّ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْخَالَةِ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, he-as was a Prophet-as Sent to his-as people, and Hanah, wife of Imran-as and Hananah wife of Zakariyya-as were two sisters. And Yahya-as was born for Zakariyya-as from Hananah, and Maryam-as gave birth to Isa-as, and Isa-as was a son-as of a daughter of his-as maternal aunt, and Yahya-as was a son-as of a maternal aunt of Maryam-as, and maternal aunt of a mother is at the status of the maternal aunt.[220]
15- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ أَوْحَى إِلَى عِمْرَانَ أَنِّي وَاهِبٌ لَكَ ذَكَراً مُبَارَكاً يُبْرِئُ الْأَكْمَهَ وَ الْأَبْرَصَ وَ يُحْيِي الْمَوْتَى بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ أَنِّي جَاعِلُهُ رَسُولًا إِلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ By this chain, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, Revealed to Imran-as: “I-azwj shall Grant to you-as a male child, Blessed. He-as will cure the blind and the leper, and revive the dead by the Permission of Allah-azwj, and I-azwj shall Make him-as a Rasool-saww to the Children of Israel!
قَالَ فَحَدَّثَ عِمْرَانُ امْرَأَتَهُ حَنَّةَ بِذَلِكَ وَ هِيَ أُمُّ مَرْيَمَ فَلَمَّا حَمَلَتْ كَانَ حَمْلُهَا عِنْدَ نَفْسِهَا غُلَاماً فَقَالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لَكَ ما فِي بَطْنِي مُحَرَّراً فَوَضَعَتْ أُنْثَى فَقَالَتْ وَ لَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنْثى إِنَّ الْبِنْتَ لَا تَكُونُ رَسُولًا فَلَمَّا أَنْ وَهَبَ اللَّهُ لِمَرْيَمَ عِيسَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ هُوَ الَّذِي بَشَّرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ عِمْرَانَ
He-asws said: ‘Imran-as narrated it to his-as wife Hannah with that, and she is mother of Maryam-as. When she was pregnant, she carried her-as (thinking) a boy with her. She said, ‘My Lord! I vow to You what is in my womb, to be devoted (to Your worship), [3:35]. So when she placed (gave birth to) it, she said: and the male isn’t like the female; [3:36], that the daughter cannot happen to be a Messenger-as. When Allah-azwj Bestowed Isa-as to Maryam-as after that, he-as was the one whom Allah-azwj had Given the glad tidings of to Imran-as’’.[221]
16- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا ع أَ يَأْتِي الرُّسُلُ عَنِ اللَّهِ بِشَيْءٍ ثُمَّ تَأْتِي بِخِلَافِهِ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, by his chain from Ibn Awrama, from Muhammad Bin Abu Salih, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Talha who said,
‘I said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘Did the Rasools-as come with anything from Allah-azwj, then came with its opposite?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنْ شِئْتَ حَدَّثْتُكَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَتَيْتُكَ بِهِ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى جَلَّتْ عَظَمَتُهُ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ الْآيَةَ فَمَا دَخَلُوهَا وَ دَخَلَ أَبْنَاءُ أَبْنَائِهِمْ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, if you like I-asws shall narrated to you (Hadeeth), and if you so like, I-asws can come to you with it from the Book of Allah-azwj the Exalted, Majestic is His-azwj Magnificence: O people! Enter the Holy land which Allah has Prescribed for you and turn not on your backs for then you will be turning back as losers [5:21] – the Verse. But they did not enter it, and the sons of their sons entered it.
وَ قَالَ عِمْرَانُ إِنَّ اللَّهِ وَعَدَنِي أَنْ يَهَبَ لِي غُلَاماً نَبِيّاً فِي سَنَتِي هَذِهِ وَ شَهْرِي هَذَا ثُمَّ غَابَ وَ وَلَدَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ مَرْيَمَ وَ كَفَّلَهَا زَكَرِيَّا
And Imran-as said: ‘Allah-azwj Promised me-as that He-azwj would Grant a male child to me-as, a Prophet-as in this Sunnah of mine-as, and this month’. Then he-as disappeared and his-as wife gave birth to Maryam-as and Zakariyya-as took responsibility of her-as.
فَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ صَدَقَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ وَ قَالَتِ الْآخَرُونَ كَذَبَ فَلَمَّا وَلَدَتْ مَرْيَمُ عِيسَى ع قَالَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الَّتِي أَقَامَتْ عَلَى صِدْقِ عِمْرَانَ هَذَا الَّذِي وَعَدَنَا اللَّهُ
A group said, ‘Prophet-as of Allah-azwj spoke the truth’, and others said, ‘He-as lied!’ When Maryam-as gave birth to Isa-as, the group which had stood upon the truthfulness of Imran-as said, ‘This is which Allah-azwj Promised us’’.[222]
17 ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ مَرْيَمَ ابْنَتَ عِمْرانَ الَّتِي أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَها قَالَ أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَلِدَ عِيسَى خَمْسَمِائَةِ عَامٍ
‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’ – By the chain to Al-Sadouq, from his father, from Sa’ad, raising it, said,
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said regarding the Words of the Exalted: And (an example of) Maryam, daughter of Imran, who guarded her chastity, [66:12]: ‘Her-as chastity was guarded before the birth of Isa-as be five hundred years’.
قَالَ فَأَوَّلُ مَنْ سُوهِمَ عَلَيْهِ مَرْيَمُ ابْنَةُ عِمْرَانَ نَذَرَتْ أُمُّهَا مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا مُحَرَّراً لِلْكَنِيسَةِ فَوَضَعَتْهَا أُنْثَى فَشَبَّتْ فَكَانَتْ تَخْدُمُ الْعُبَّادَ تُنَاوِلُهُمْ حَتَّى بَلَغَتْ
He-asws said: ‘The first one to have lots cast upon was Maryam-as Bint Imran-as. Her-as mother vowed whatever was in her belly to be devoted to the synagogue, but she placed it as a female. She-as became a youth and used to serve the servants (of Allah-azwj), feeding them, until she-as was an adult.
وَ أَمَرَ زَكَرِيَّا ع أَنْ يُتَّخَذَ لَهَا حِجَاباً دُونَ الْعُبَّادِ فَكَانَ زَكَرِيَّا ع يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَافَيَرَى عِنْدَهَا ثَمَرَةَ الشِّتَاءِ فِي الصَّيْفِ وَ ثَمَرَةَ الصَّيْفِ فِي الشِّتَاءِ قالَ يا مَرْيَمُ أَنَّى لَكِ هذا قالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى
And Zakariyya-as instructed that he-asws would take a veil to be for her-as besides the servants. Zakariyya-as used to come to see her-as and he-as was in her-as presence, fruits of the winter in the summer and fruits of the summer in the winter. He-as said: ‘From where does this come to you?’ She said: ‘It is from Allah. [3:37], the Exalted’.
وَ قَالَ عَاشَتْ مَرْيَمُ بَعْدَ عِمْرَانَ خَمْسَمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ
And he-asws said: ‘Maryam-as lived after Imran-as for five hundred years’’.[223]
بيان: لا يخفى ما في هذا الخبر من الشذوذ و الغرابة و المخالفة لسائر الأخبار و الآثار
(Explanation (of Majlisi), ‘It is not hidden what is in this Hadeeth from the anomalies and strangeness and opposing to the rest of the Ahadeeth and the reports’)
18- شي، تفسير العياشي أَبُو خَالِدٍ الْقَمَّاطُ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ امْرَأَةَ عِمْرَانَ لَمَّا نَذَرَتْ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا مُحَرَّراً قَالَ وَ الْمُحَرَّرُ لِلْمَسْجِدِ إِذَا وَضَعَتْهُ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ أَبَداً فَلَمَّا وَلَدَتْ مَرْيَمَ قَالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُها أُنْثى وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِما وَضَعَتْ وَ لَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنْثى وَ إِنِّي سَمَّيْتُها مَرْيَمَ وَ إِنِّي أُعِيذُها بِكَ وَ ذُرِّيَّتَها مِنَ الشَّيْطانِ الرَّجِيمِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – Abu Khalid Al Qamat, from Ismail Al Jufy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When the wife of Imran-as vowed what was in her belly for consecration – and the one devoted to the Masjid, when born, enters the Masjid and does not exit from the Masjid, ever, so when Maryam-as was born, she said, ‘My Lord! Surely I have placed a female’ – and Allah was more Knowing of what she placed – and the male isn’t like the female; ‘And I have named her Maryam, and I seek Refuge with You for her and her offspring from the Pelted Satan’ [3:36].
فَسَاهَمَ عَلَيْهَا النَّبِيُّونَ فَأَصَابَ الْقُرْعَةُ زَكَرِيَّا وَ هُوَ زَوْجُ أُخْتِهَا وَ كَفَّلَهَا وَ أَدْخَلَهَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَتْ مَا تَبْلُغُ النِّسَاءُ مِنَ الطَّمْثِ وَ كَانَتْ أَجْمَلَ النِّسَاءِ وَ كَانَتْ تُصَلِّي فَتُضِيءُ الْمِحْرَابَ لِنُورِهَا
The Prophets-as cast lots upon her-as and Zakariyya-as won the lote, and he-as was husband of her-as sister, and took responsibility for her, and entered her-as into the Masjid. When she-as reached adulthood what the women tend to reach, from the menstruation, and she-as was the most beautiful of the women, and she-as used to pray Salat and the prayer niche would be illuminated due to her-as radiance.
فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا زَكَرِيَّا فَإِذَا عِنْدَهَا فَاكِهَةُ الشِّتَاءِ فِي الصَّيْفِ وَ فَاكِهَةُ الصَّيْفِ فِي الشِّتَاءِ فَقَالَ أَنَّى لَكِ هذا قالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ فَهُنَالِكَ دَعا زَكَرِيَّا رَبَّهُ قَالَ إِنِّي خِفْتُ الْمَوالِيَ مِنْ وَرائِي إِلَى مَا ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ مِنْ قِصَّةِ زَكَرِيَّا وَ يَحْيَى
Zakariyya-as entered to see her-as, and there in her-as presence were winter fruits in the summer, and summer fruits in the winter. He-as said: ‘‘From where does this come to you?’ She said: ‘It is from Allah. [3:37]. So, over there, Zakariyya-as supplicated to his-as Lord-azwj. He-as said: ‘And I fear my successors from after me, [19:5] – up to what Allah-azwj Mentioned from the story of Zakariyya-as and Yahya-as’’.[224]
19- شي، تفسير العياشي حَفْصُ بْنُ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لَكَ ما فِي بَطْنِي مُحَرَّراً الْمُحَرَّرُ يَكُونُ فِي الْكَنِيسَةِ وَ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْها أُنْثَى قالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُها أُنْثى … وَ لَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنْثى إِنَّ الْأُنْثَى تَحِيضُ فَتَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ وَ الْمُحَرَّرُ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – Hafs Al Bakhtary,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the Words of Allah-azwj: ‘My Lord! I vow to You what is in my womb, to be devoted (to Your worship), [3:35], and the devoted (consecrated) one would happen to be in the synagogue and not exit from it. When she placed it as a female, she said, ‘My Lord! Surely I have placed a female’ – and the male isn’t like the female; [3:36]. The female menstruates, so she would (have to) exit from the Masjid, and the consecrated one does not exit from the Masjid’’.[225]
20- شي، تفسير العياشي فِي رِوَايَةِ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: نَذَرَتْ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا لِلْكَنِيسَةِ أَنْ تَخْدُمَ الْعُبَّادَ وَ لَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنْثى فِي الْخِدْمَةِ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From a report of Hareyz,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘I vow to You what is in my womb, [3:35] to the synagogue that she-as will serve the servants, and the male isn’t like the female regarding the service’.
قَالَ فَشَبَّتْ وَ كَانَتْ تَخْدُمُهُمْ وَ تُنَاوِلُهُمْ حَتَّى بَلَغَتْ فَأُمِرَ زَكَرِيَّا ع أَنْ يَتَّخِذَ لَهَا حِجَاباً دُونَ الْعِبَادِ فَكَانَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَا فَيَرَى عِنْدَهَا ثَمَرَةَ الشِّتَاءِ فِي الصَّيْفِ وَ ثَمَرَةَ الصَّيْفِ فِي الشِّتَاءِ فَهُنَالِكَ دَعَا وَ سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ زَكَرِيَّا فَوَهَبَ لَهُ يَحْيَى
He-asws said: ‘She-as became a youth and was serving them, and feeding them until she was an adult. Zakariyya-as ordered that a veil be taken for her-as besides the servants, and he-as was coming to see her-as, and he-as saw in her-as presence fruits of the winter in the summer, and fruits of the summer in the winter, so that is when Zakariyya-as and Yahya-as was Granted to him-as’’.[226]
21- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى عِمْرَانَ أَنِّي وَاهِبٌ لَكَ ذَكَراً مُبَارَكاً يُبْرِئُ الْأَكْمَهَ وَ الْأَبْرَصَ وَ يُحْيِي الْمَوْتَى بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولًا إِلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to Imran: “I-azwj shall Grant a male child to you-as, Blessed. He-as will cure the blind and the leper and revive the dead by the Permission of Allah-azwj, and be a Rasool-as to the Children of Israel!”
فَأَخْبَرَ بِذَلِكَ امْرَأَتَهُ حَنَّةَ فَحَمَلَتْ فَوَضَعَتْ مَرْيَمَ فَقَالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُها أُنْثى وَ الْأُنْثَى لَا تَكُونُ رَسُولًا وَ قَالَ لَهَا عِمْرَانُ إِنَّهُ ذَكَرٌ يَكُونُ نَبِيّاً فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ ذَلِكَ قَالَتْ مَا قَالَتْ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ وَ قَوْلُهُ الْحَقُ وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِما وَضَعَتْ
He-as informed his-as wife of that, and she-as became pregnant and placed Maryam-as. She said, ‘My Lord! Surely I have placed a female [3:36], and the female cannot happen to be a Rasool-as’. And Imran-as said to her-as: ‘Surely a male can become a Prophet-as’. When she saw that, she said what she said. Allah-azwj Said, and His-azwj Words are the Truth: and Allah was more Knowing of what she placed [3:36].
فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ ع فَإِنْ قُلْنَا لَكُمْ إِنَّ الْأَمْرَ يَكُونُ فِي أَحَدِنَا فَكَانَ فِي ابْنِهِ وَ ابْنِ ابْنِهِ أَوِ ابْنِ ابْنِ ابْنِهِ فَقَدْ كَانَ فِيهِ فَلَا تُنْكِرُوا ذَلِكَ
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘That was Isa-as Bin Maryam-as. If we-asws say to you all that the command would happen to be in one of us-asws, it could happen to be in his-asws son-asws, or son-asws of his-asws son-asws, or son-asws of a son-asws of his-asws son-asws. Then, it will be in him-asws, therefore do not be denying that’’.[227]
22- لي، الأمالي للصدوق بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ رَوَاهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي فَاطِمَةَ ع وَ مَا يُصِيبُهَا مِنَ الظُّلْمِ بَعْدَهُ ثُمَّ تَرَى نَفْسَهَا ذَلِيلَةً بَعْدَ أَنْ كَانَتْ فِي أَيَّامِ أَبِيهَا عَزِيزَةً فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يُؤْنِسُهَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِالْمَلَائِكَةِ
‘Al-Amaali’ of Al-Sadouq – By his chain, from Ibn Abbas, in a lengthy Hadeeth reporting it,
‘From the Prophet-saww having said regarding (Syeda) Fatima-asws and what would be hitting her-asws from the injustices after him-saww: ‘Then she-asws will see herself-asws as being humiliated afterwards having been dear in the days of her-asws father-saww. During that, Allah-azwj the Exalted will Comfort her-asws with the Angels.
فَنَادَتْهَا بِمَا نَادَتْ بِهِ مَرْيَمَ بِنْتَ عِمْرَانَ فَتَقُولُ يَا فَاطِمَةُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفاكِ وَ طَهَّرَكِ وَ اصْطَفاكِ عَلى نِساءِ الْعالَمِينَ يَا فَاطِمَةُ اقْنُتِي لِرَبِّكِ وَ اسْجُدِي وَ ارْكَعِي مَعَ الرَّاكِعِينَ ثُمَّ يَبْتَدِئُ بِهَا الْوَجَعُ فَتَمْرَضُ فَيَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهَا مَرْيَمَ بِنْتَ عِمْرَانَ تُمَرِّضُهَا وَ تُؤْنِسُهَا فِي عِلَّتِهَا إِلَى آخِرِ الْخَبَرِ
They will call out to her-asws with what they had called out to Maryam-as Bint Imran-as, and they would saying, ‘O Fatima-asws! Allah has Chosen you and Purified you and Chosen you above the women of the worlds’ [3:42]. O Fatima-asws! Be obedient to your Lord and perform Sajdahs and Rukus along with the Ruku performers [3:43]. Then the illness would begin with her-asws, so Allah-azwj will Send Maryam Bint Imran-as to her-asws to console her-asws and comfort her-asws during her-asws illness’ – the Hadeeth’.[228]
23- ع، علل الشرائع بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَتْ فَاطِمَةُ مُحَدَّثَةً لِأَنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ كَانَتْ تَهْبِطُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَتُنَادِيهَا كَمَا تُنَادِي مَرْيَمَ بِنْتَ عِمْرَانَ فَتَقُولُ يَا فَاطِمَةُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفاكِ وَ طَهَّرَكِ وَ اصْطَفاكِ عَلى نِساءِ الْعالَمِينَ يَا فَاطِمَةُ اقْنُتِي لِرَبِّكِ وَ اسْجُدِي وَ ارْكَعِي مَعَ الرَّاكِعِينَ
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – By his chain,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘But rather (Syeda) Fatima-asws is called ‘Muhaddisa’ because the Angels used to descend from the sky and call out at her-asws just as they used to call out at Maryam-as Bint Imran-as, and say: ‘O Fatima-asws! Allah has Chosen you and Purified you and Chosen you above the women of the worlds’ [3:42]. O Fatima-asws! Be obedient to your Lord and perform Sajdahs and Rukus along with the Ruku performers [3:43].
فَتُحَدِّثُهُمْ وَ يُحَدِّثُونَهَا فَقَالَتْ لَهُمْ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ أَ لَيْسَتِ الْمُفَضَّلَةُ عَلَى نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ مَرْيَمَ بِنْتَ عِمْرَانَ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ مَرْيَمَ كَانَتْ سَيِّدَةَ نِسَاءِ عَالَمِهَا وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَعَلَكِ سَيِّدَةَ نِسَاءِ عَالَمِكِ وَ عَالَمِهَا وَ سَيِّدَةَ نِسَاءِ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ الْآخِرِينَ
She-asws discussed with them and they discussed with her-asws. One night she-asws said to them: ‘Isn’t Maryam-as Bint Imran-as the most superior over the women of the worlds?’ They said, ‘Maryam-as was Chieftess of the women of her worlds, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made you-asws Chieftess of the women of your-asws world, and her-as world, and Chieftess of the former ones and the latter ones’’.[229]
[1] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 1
[2] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 2
[3] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 3
[4] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 4
[5] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 5
[6] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 6
[7] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 7
[8] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 8
[9] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 9
[10] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 10
[11] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 11
[12] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 12
[13] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 13
[14] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 14
[15] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 15
[16] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 16
[17] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 17
[18] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 18
[19] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 20
[20] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 21
[21] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 22
[22] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 23
[23] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 12, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 24
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 25
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 26
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 27
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 28
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 1 H 29
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 1
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 2
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 3
[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 4
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 5
[34] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 6
[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, S 2 Ch 1 H 7
[36] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, S 2 Ch 1 H 8
[37] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 1
[38] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 2
[39] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 3
[40] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 4
[41] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 5
[42] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 6
[43] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 7
[44] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 8
[45] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 9
[46] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 10
[47] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 11
[48] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 12
[49] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 13
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 14
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 15
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 16
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 17
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 18
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 19
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 20
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 21
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 22
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 23
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 24
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 25
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 26
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 27
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 28
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 29
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 30
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 31
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 2 H 32
[69] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 1
[70] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 2
[71] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 3
[72] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 4
[73] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 5
[74] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 6
[75] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 7
[76] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 8
[77] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 9
[78] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 10
[79] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 11
[80] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 12
[81] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 13
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 14
[83] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 4 H 15
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 1
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 2
[86] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 3
[87] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 4
[88] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 5
[89] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 6
[90] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 7
[91] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 8
[92] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 9
[93] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 10
[94] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 11
[95] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 12
[96] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 13
[97] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 14
[98] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 15
[99] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 16
[100] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 17
[101] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 18
[102] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 19
[103] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 20
[104] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 21
[105] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 22
[106] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 23
[107] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 24
[108] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 25
[109] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 26
[110] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 27
[111] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 28
[112] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 5 H 29
[113] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 1
[114] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 6 H 2
[115] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 7 H 1
[116] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 7 H 2
[117] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 7 H 3
[118] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 7 H 4
[119] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 8 H 1
[120] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 1
[121] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 2
[122] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 3
[123] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 4
[124] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 5
[125] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 6
[126] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 7
[127] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 8
[128] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 9
[129] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 10
[130] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 11
[131] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 12
[132] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 13
[133] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 9 H 14
[134] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 1
[135] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 2
[136] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 3
[137] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 4
[138] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 5
[139] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 6
[140] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 7
[141] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 8
[142] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 10 H 9
[143] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 1
[144] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 2
[145] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 3
[146] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 4
[147] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 5
[148] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 6
[149] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 7
[150] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 8
[151] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 11 H 9
[152] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 1
[153] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 2
[154] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 12 H 3
[155] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 13 H 1
[156] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 13 H 2
[157] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 13 H 3
[158] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 13 H 4
[159] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 13 H 5
[160] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 13 H 6
[161] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 13 H 7
[162] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 1
[163] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 2
[164] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 14 H 3
[165] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 1
[166] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 2
[167] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 3
[168] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 4
[169] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 5
[170] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 6
[171] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 7
[172] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 8
[173] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 9
[174] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 10
[175] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 11
[176] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 12
[177] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 13
[178] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 14
[179] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 15
[180] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 16
[181] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 17
[182] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 18
[183] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 19
[184] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 20
[185] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 21
[186] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 22
[187] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 23
[188] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 24
[189] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 25
[190] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 26
[191] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 27
[192] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 28
[193] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 29
[194] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 30
[195] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 31
[196] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 32
[197] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 33
[198] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 34
[199] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 35
[200] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 36
[201] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 37
[202] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 38
[203] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 39
[204] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 40
[205] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 41
[206] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 15 H 42
[207] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 1
[208] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 2
[209] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 3
[210] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 4
[211] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 5
[212] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 6
[213] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 7
[214] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 8
[215] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 9
[216] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 10
[217] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 11
[218] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 12
[219] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 13
[220] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 14
[221] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 15
[222] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 16
[223] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 17
[224] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 18
[225] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 19
[226] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 20
[227] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 21
[228] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 22
[229] Bihar Al-Anwaar– V 14, The book of Prophet-hood, Ch 16 H 23