ج 28
Volume 28
Part 2 out of 2
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
باب 4 [شرح انعقاد السقيفة و كيفية السقيفة]
CHAPTER 4 – COMMENTARY ON THE CONVENING OF THE SAQEEFA AND ITS PROCEDURE
1- ج، الإحتجاج عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ رِجَالِهِ ثِقَةً عَنْ ثِقَةٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص خَرَجَ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ مُتَوَكِّياً عَلَى الْفَضْلِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ وَ غُلَامٍ لَهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ ثَوْبَانُ وَ هِيَ الصَّلَاةُ الَّتِي أَرَادَ التَّخَلُّفَ عَنْهَا لِثِقَلِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – From Abu Al Mufazzal Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Shaybani, by his correct chain from his men, a reliable one from a reliable one –
‘The Prophet-saww came out to the Salat during his-saww illness in which he-saww passed away, relying upon Al-Fazl Bin Al-Abbas, and a slave of his-saww called Sowban, and it is the Salat which he-saww wanted a replacement for it due to his-saww heaviness (of illness).
ثُمَّ حَمَلَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ ص وَ خَرَجَ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى عَادَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَقَالَ لِغُلَامِهِ اجْلِسْ عَلَى الْبَابِ وَ لَا تَحْجُبْ أَحَداً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ تَجَلَّاهُ الْغَشْيُ وَ جَاءَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ فَأَحْدَقُوا بِالْبَابِ وَ قَالُوا ائْذَنْ لَنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
Then he-saww (took the) load upon himself-saww and went out. When he-saww prayed Salat, he-saww returned to his-saww house. He-saww said to his-saww slave: ‘Sit at the door and do not bar anyone from the Helpers’, and the faintness came to him-saww, and the Helpers came and they knocked on the door and said, ‘Give permission to us upon seeing Rasool-Allah-saww!’
فَقَالَ هُوَ مَغْشِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ وَ عِنْدَهُ نِسَاؤُهُ فَجَعَلُوا يَبْكُونَ فَسَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْبُكَاءَ فَقَالَ مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ قَالُوا الْأَنْصَارُ فَقَالَ ص مَنْ هَاهُنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي قَالُوا عَلِيٌّ وَ الْعَبَّاسُ
He said, ‘He-saww is with unconsciousness upon him and with him-saww are his-saww wives. Then went on to wail and Rasool-Allah-saww heard the wailing. He-saww said: ‘Who are they?’ They said, ‘The Helpers’. He-saww said: ‘Who is over here from my-saww family?’ They said: ‘Ali-asws and Al-Abbas’.
فَدَعَاهُمَا وَ خَرَجَ مُتَوَكِّئاً عَلَيْهِمَا فَاسْتَنَدَ إِلَى جَذَعٍ مِنْ أَسَاطِينِ مَسْجِدِهِ وَ كَانَ الْجَذَعُ جَرِيدُ نَخْلَةٍ فَاجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ وَ خَطَبَ وَ قَالَ فِي كَلَامِهِ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَمُتْ نَبِيٌّ قَطُّ إِلَّا خَلَّفَ تَرِكَةً وَ قَدْ خَلَّفْتُ فِيكُمُ الثَّقَلَيْنِ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي فَمَنْ ضَيَّعَهُمْ ضَيَّعَهُ اللَّهُ
He called them, and went out reclining upon them, and he-saww reclined to a trunk from the pillars of his-saww Masjid, and the trunk was a branch of a palm tree. The people gathered, and he-saww addressed and said in his-saww speech: ‘No Prophet-saww dies at all except and a replacement (successor) is left behind, and I-saww am leaving behind among you all the two weighty things – Book of Allah-azwj and People-asws of my-saww Household, so the one who wastes them, Allah-azwj would Waste him.
أَلَا وَ إِنَّ الْأَنْصَارَ كَرِشِيَ الَّتِي آوِي إِلَيْهَا وَ إِنِّي أُوصِيكُمْ بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَ الْإِحْسَانِ إِلَيْهِمْ فَاقْبَلُوا مِنْ مُحْسِنِهِمْ وَ تَجَاوَزُوا عَنْ مُسِيئِهِمْ
Indeed! And the Helpers are like my-saww feathers which I-saww can shelter to, and I-saww am bequeathing you with fearing Allah-azwj, and the doing of good to them. Accept from their good deeds and overlook from their evil deeds.
ثُمَّ دَعَا أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ فَقَالَ سِرْ عَلَى بَرَكَةِ اللَّهِ وَ النَّصْرِ وَ الْعَافِيَةِ حَيْثُ أَمَرْتُكَ بِمَنْ أَمَّرْتُكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ ص قَدْ أَمَّرَهُ عَلَى جَمَاعَةٍ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُغِيرُوا عَلَى مُؤْتَةَ وَادٍ فِي فِلَسْطِينَ
Then he-saww called Usama Bin Zayd and said: ‘Travel upon Blessings of Allah-azwj and the Help, and the well-being where I-saww order you to, with the ones I-saww make you to be in charge upon’. And he-saww had made him to be a commander upon a group of Emigrants and the Helpers, among them being Abu Bakr, and Umar, and a group of the Emigrants in the beginning, and he-saww instructed him to change at Mowtat, a valley in Palestine.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أُسَامَةُ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ تَأْذَنُ لِي فِي الْمُقَامِ أَيَّاماً حَتَّى يَشْفِيَكَ اللَّهُ فَإِنِّي مَتَى خَرَجْتُ وَ أَنْتَ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْحَالَةِ خَرَجْتُ وَ فِي قَلْبِي مِنْكَ قَرْحَةٌ
Usama said to him-saww, ‘May my father and my mother be (sacrificed) for you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww! Will you-saww permit me to stay for days until Allah-azwj Heals you-saww, for when I go out and you-saww are upon this state, I would be going out and in my heart would be a sore about you-saww’.
فَقَالَ أَنْفِذْ يَا أُسَامَةُ فَإِنَّ الْقُعُودَ عَنِ الْجِهَادِ لَا يَجِبُ فِي حَالٍ مِنَ الْأَحْوَالِ فَبَلَغَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّ النَّاسَ طَعَنُوا فِي عَمَلِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكُمْ طَعَنْتُمْ فِي عَمَلِ أُسَامَةَ وَ فِي عَمَلِ أَبِيهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَخَلِيقٌ بِالْإِمَارَةِ وَ إِنَّ أَبَاهُ كَانَ خَلِيقاً بِهَا وَ إِنَّهُ مِنْ أَحَبِّ النَّاسِ إِلَيَّ فَأُوصِيكُمْ بِهِ خَيْراً فَلَئِنْ قُلْتُمْ فِي إِمَارَتِهِ فَقَدْ قَالَ قَائِلُكُمْ فِي إِمَارَةِ أَبِيهِ
He-saww said: ‘Implement, O Usama, for the sitting back from the Jihad is not obliged in a state from the states’. It reached Rasool-Allah-saww that the people were taunting regarding his deed, so Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘It reached me-saww that you are taunting regarding a deed of Usama and regarding a deed of his father of before, and I-saww swear by Allah-azwj, he is creative in his command, and his father was creative with it, and he is from the most beloved of the people to me-saww. I-saww bequeath good with him, so if you were to say (taunts) regarding his command, so your speaker had said regarding the command of his father’.
ثُمَّ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى بَيْتِهِ وَ خَرَجَ أُسَامَةُ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ حَتَّى عَسْكَرَ عَلَى رَأْسِ فَرْسَخٍ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ وَ نَادَى مُنَادِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ لَا يَتَخَلَّفْ عَنْ أُسَامَةَ أَحَدٌ مِمَّنْ أَمَّرْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ
Then Rasool-Allah-saww entered into his-saww house, and Usama went out from his day until the army was on top of a cliff, a Farsakh from Al-Medina, and a caller of Rasool-Allah-saww called out: ‘No one from the ones I-saww have made him a commander upon should stay behind from Usama!’
فَلَحِقَ النَّاسُ بِهِ وَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ سَارَعَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ فَنَزَلُوا فِي زُقَاقٍ وَاحِدٍ مَعَ جُمْلَةِ أَهْلِ الْعَسْكَرِ
The people joined up with him, and the first one to hasten to him were Abu Bakr and Umar and Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah. They descended in one lane with the total of the people of the army’.
قَالَ وَ ثَقُلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي بَعْثِ أُسَامَةَ يَدْخُلُونَ عَلَيْهِ أَرْسَالًا وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ شَاكٍ فَكَانَ لَا يَدْخُلُ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص إِلَّا انْصَرَفَ إِلَى سَعْدٍ يَعُودُهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww became heavy (with illness), so the people, from the ones who did not happen to be among the sending of Usama, went on to entered to see him-saww in an orderly manner, and Sa’ad Bin Ubada had a complaint (illness). So, no one from the Helpers entered to see the Prophet-saww except he left to see Sa’ad to console him’.
قَالَ وَ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَقْتَ الضُّحَى مِنْ يَوْمِ الْإِثْنَيْنِ بَعْدَ خُرُوجِ أُسَامَةَ إِلَى مُعَسْكَرِهِ بِيَوْمَيْنِ فَرَجَعَ أَهْلُ الْعَسْكَرِ وَ الْمَدِينَةُ قَدْ رَجَفَتْ بِأَهْلِهَا فَأَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ لَهُ حَتَّى وَقَفَ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَا لَكُمْ تَمُوجُونَ إِنْ كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ قَدْ مَاتَ فَرَبُّ مُحَمَّدٍ ص لَمْ يَمُتْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww passed away at morning time of the day of Monday, two days after the exit of Usama to his soldiers. The people of the army returned and Al-Medina trembled with its inhabitants. Abu Bakr came upon a camel of his until he paused at the door of the Masjid and said, ‘O you people! What is the matter with you all rippling? If Muhammad-saww has died, so perhaps he-saww did not die:
وَ ما مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ ماتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلى أَعْقابِكُمْ وَ مَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلى عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَضُرَّ اللَّهَ شَيْئاً
And Muhammad is not except for a Rasool; the Rasools have already passed away before him; so if he dies or is killed will you turn back upon your heels? And the one who turns back upon his heels, he will never harm Allah of anything [3:144]’.
ثُمَّ اجْتَمَعَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ وَ جَاءُوا بِهِ إِلَى سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ عُمَرُ أَخْبَرَ بِهِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ مَضَيَا مُسْرِعَيْنِ إِلَى السَّقِيفَةِ وَ مَعَهُمَا أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ فِي السَّقِيفَةِ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ بَيْنَهُمْ مَرِيضٌ
Then the Helpers gathered to Sa’ad Bin Ubada and they came with him to a shed (Saqeefa) of the clan of Saida. When Umar heard of that, he informed Abu Bakr with it, and they both went quickly to the shed and with them was Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, and in the shed there was a lot of people from the Helpers, and Sa’ad Bin Ubada was between them, sick.
فَتَنَازَعُوا الْأَمْرَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَآلُ الْأَمْرُ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِي آخِرِ كَلَامِهِ لِلْأَنْصَارِ إِنَّمَا أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ أَوْ إِلَى عُمَرَ وَ كِلَاهُمَا قَدْ رَضِيتُ لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ كِلَاهُمَا أَرَاهُ لَهُ أَهْلًا
They contended the command between them, saying the command is to’ – up to Abu Bakr saying at the end of his speech to the Helpers, ‘But rather, I am calling you all to Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, or to Umar, and both of them have agreed to this command, and both of them see themselves to be rightful for it’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ مَا يَنْبَغِي لَنَا أَنْ نَتَقَدَّمَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَنْتَ أَقْدَمُنَا إِسْلَاماً وَ أَنْتَ صَاحِبُ الْغَارِ وَ ثانِيَ اثْنَيْنِ فَأَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ أَوْلَانَا بِهِ
Umar and Abu Ubeyda said, ‘It is not befitting for us that we precede you, O Abu Bakr. You are our foremost one in Islam, and you were the companion (of Rasool-Allah-saww) in the cave, and second of the two, so you are more rightful with this command, and first one of us with it’.
فَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ نَحْذَرُ أَنْ يَغْلِبَ عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ مَنْ لَيْسَ مِنَّا وَ لَا مِنْكُمْ فَنَجْعَلُ مِنَّا أَمِيراً وَ مِنْكُمْ أَمِيراً وَ نَرْضَى بِهِ عَلَى أَنَّهُ إِنْ هَلَكَ اخْتَرْنَا آخَرَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ
The Helpers said, ‘We are cautious that he would overcome upon this command, one who is neither from us nor from you, so we shall made a ruler to be from us and a rule to be from you we shall be pleased with him upon that if he were to die, we shall choose the other one from the Helpers’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ مَدَحَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ أَنْتُمْ مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْصَارِ مِمَّنْ لَا يُنْكَرُ فَضْلُهُمْ وَ لَا نِعْمَتُهُمْ الْعَظِيمَةُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ رَضِيَكُمْ اللَّهُ أَنْصَاراً لِدِينِهِ وَ لِرَسُولِهِ وَ جَعَلَ إِلَيْكُمْ مُهَاجَرَتَهُ وَ فِيكُمْ مَحَلَّ أَزْوَاجِهِ فَلَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ بَعْدَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ بِمَنْزِلَتِكُمْ فَهُمُ الْأُمَرَاءُ وَ أَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ
Abu Bakr said after having praised the Emigrants, ‘And you, community of the Helpers, are from the ones whose merits cannot be denied, nor your great favours to Al-Islam. You Helpers have Pleased Allah-azwj for His-azwj Religion and for His-azwj Rasool-saww, and Made His-azwj Emigrants to be to you, and among you is a place of his-saww wives. Thus, there isn’t anyone from the people, after the first Emigrants, being with your status, for they are the rulers and you are the ministers’.
فَقَامَ الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَمْلِكُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيكُمْ وَ إِنَّمَا النَّاسُ فِي فَيْئِكُمْ وَ ظِلَالِكُمْ وَ لَنْ يَجْتَرِئَ مُجْتَرِئٌ عَلَى خِلَافِكُمْ وَ لَنْ يَصْدُرَ النَّاسُ إِلَّا عَنْ رَأْيِكُمْ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ
Al-Hubab Bin Al-Munzar Al-Ansari stood up and said, ‘O community of the Helpers! Take control upon your own hands, and rather the people are in your shadow and your shade, and no audacious one will have the audacity upon opposing you, and the people will never implement except you your view’, and he praised upon the Helpers.
ثُمَّ قَالَ فَإِنْ أَبَى هَؤُلَاءِ تَأْمِيرَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ فَلَسْنَا نَرْضَى تَأْمِيرَهُمْ عَلَيْنَا وَ لَا نَقْنَعُ بِدُونِ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْهُمْ أَمِيرٌ
Then he said, ‘So, if they were to refuse to make you rulers upon them, then we do not agree their being rulers upon us, and we will not be content without there happening to be a ruler from us and a ruler from them’.
فَقَامَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ فَقَالَ هَيْهَاتَ لَا يَجْتَمِعُ سَيْفَانِ فِي غِمْدٍ وَاحِدٍ إِنَّهُ لَا تَرْضَى الْعَرَبُ أَنْ تُؤَمِّرَكُمْ وَ نَبِيُّهَا مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ وَ لَكِنَّ الْعَرَبَ لَا تَمْتَنِعُ أَنْ تُوَلِّيَ أَمْرَهَا مَنْ كَانَتِ النُّبُوَّةُ فِيهِمْ وَ لَنَا بِذَلِكَ عَلَى مَنْ خَالَفَنَا الْحُجَّةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ وَ السُّلْطَانُ الْبَيِّنُ
Umar Bin Al-Khattab stood up and said, ‘Far be it! Two swords cannot be gathered to be in one sheath! The Arabs are not pleased to make you rulers and (although) their Prophet-saww is from other than you (Helpers), but the Arabs will not refuse for their affairs to be ruled by the ones the Prophet-hood was among them (Emigrants), and for us with that is the apparent argument against the ones who oppose us and the clear proof.
فَمَا يُنَازِعُنَا فِي سُلْطَانِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ نَحْنُ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ وَ عَشِيرَتُهُ إِلَّا مُدْلٍ بِبَاطِلٍ أَوْ مُتَجَانِفٌ لِإِثْمٍ أَوْ مُتَوَرِّطٌ فِي الْهَلَاكَةِ مُحِبٌّ لِلْفِتْنَةِ
Therefore do not contend us regarding the authority of Muhammad-saww and we are his-saww friends and his-saww clan, except the one pointing to the falsehood, or deviating to the sins, or entangled in the destruction, loving the Fitna’.
فَقَامَ الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ ثَانِيَةً فَقَالَ يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَمْسِكُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيكُمْ وَ لَا تَسْمَعُوا مَقَالَةَ هَذَا الْجَاهِلِ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ فَيَذْهَبُوا بِنَصِيبِكُمْ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ إِنْ أَبَوْا أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْهُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَأَجْلُوهُمْ عَنْ بِلَادِكُمْ وَ تَوَلَّوْا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَنْتُمْ وَ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْهُمْ
Al-Hubab Bin Al-Munzar stood up for a second time and said, ‘O community of the Helpers! Withhold (the command) upon your hands and do not listen to the words of the ignoramus and his companions, for they will go away with your share from this command, and if they refuse for a ruler to be from us and a ruler to be from them, then evacuate them from your city (Al-Medina) and take charge of this command upon them, for by Allah-azwj, you are more rightful with it than them.
فَقَدْ دَانَ بِأَسْيَافِكُمْ قَبْلَ هَذَا الْوَقْتِ مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَدِينُ بِغَيْرِهَا وَ أَنَا جُذَيْلُهَا الْمُحَكَّكُ وَ عُذَيْقُهَا الْمُرَجَّبُ وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ رَدَّ أَحَدٌ قَوْلِي لَأَحْطِمَنَّ أَنْفَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ
So, he has made it a religion with your swords before this time, one who did not happen to make it a religion with other than it, and its charm is worn out and its taste is desired. By Allah-azwj! If anyone were to refute my words, I shall destroy his nose (pride) with the sword’.
قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْحُبَابُ هُوَ الَّذِي يُجِيبُنِي لَمْ يَكُنْ لِي مَعَهُ كَلَامٌ فَإِنَّهُ جَرَتْ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ مُنَازَعَةٌ فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَنَهَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ مُهَاتَرَتِهِ فَحَلَفْتُ أَنْ لَا أُكَلِّمَهُ أَبَداً
Umar Bin Al-Khattab said, ‘When Al-Hubab was the one who answers me, there would not happen to be any speech for me with him, for there had flowed a contention between me and him during the lifetime of Rasool-Allah-saww, and Rasool-Allah-saww forbade me from battling him, and I vowed that I will not speak to him, ever!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ يَا أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ تَكَلَّمْ فَقَامَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ تَكَلَّمَ بِكَلَامٍ كَثِيرٍ ذَكَرَ فِيهِ فَضَائِلَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَكَانَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ سَيِّدَاً مِنْ سَادَاتِ الْأَنْصَارِ لَمَّا رَأَى اجْتِمَاعَ الْأَنْصَارِ عَلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ لِتَأْمِيرِهِ حَسَدَهُ وَ سَعَى فِي إِفْسَادِ الْأَمْرِ عَلَيْهِ وَ تَكَلَّمَ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ رَضِيَ بِتَأْمِيرِ قُرَيْشٍ وَ حَثَّ النَّاسَ كُلَّهُمْ لَا سِيَّمَا الْأَنْصَارِ عَلَى الرِّضَا بِمَا يَفْعَلُهُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ
Then Umar said to Abu Ubeyda, ‘O Abu Ubeyda! Speak’. Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah stood up and spoke with a lot of things, mentioning in it the merits of the Helpers. Bashir Bin Sa’ad was a chief from the chiefs of the Helpers. When he saw the unity of the Helpers upon Sa’ad Bin Ubada to make him the ruler, so he envied him, and strive in spoiling the matter upon him, and spoke regarding that, and agreed with a ruler of Quraysh and urged the people all of them, in particular the Helpers upon the agreement with what the Emigrants were doing.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ هَذَا عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ شَيْخَا قُرَيْشٍ فَبَايِعُوا أَيَّهُمَا شِئْتُمْ
Abu Bakr said, ‘This is Umar and Abu Ubeyda, sheykhs of Quraysh, so pledge allegiance to whichever of the two you desire to’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ مَا نَتَوَلَّى هَذَا الْأَمْرَ عَلَيْكَ امْدُدْ يَدَكَ نُبَايِعْكَ فَقَالَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَ أَنَا ثَالِثُكُمَا وَ كَانَ سَيِّدَ الْأَوْسِ وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ سَيِّدَ الْخَزْرَجِ
Umar said and Abu Ubeyda said, ‘We will not be in charge of this command upon you. Extend your hand, we shall pledge allegiance to you’. Bashir Bin Sa’d said, ‘And I am the third of you’, and he was a chief of the Aws (tribe) and Sa’ad Bin Ubada was chief of Al-Khazraj (tribe).
فَلَمَّا رَأَتِ الْأَوْسُ صَنِيعَ بَشِيرٍ وَ مَا دَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْخَزْرَجُ مِنْ تَأْمِيرِ سَعْدٍ أَكَبُّوا عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ بِالْبَيْعَةِ وَ تَكَاثَرُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ تَزَاحَمُوا فَجَعَلُوا يَطَئُونَ سَعْداً مِنْ شِدَّةَ الزَّحْمَةِ وَ هُوَ بَيْنَهُمْ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ مَرِيضٌ
When Al-Aws saw the doings of Bashir and what he had called Al-Khazraj to from making Sa’ad a rule, they leapt upon Abu Bakr with the allegiance and augmented upon that, and crowded him and went on to trample Sa’d from the intensity of the crowd, and he was between them upon his bed, sick.
فَقَالَ قَتَلْتُمُونِي قَالَ عُمَرُ اقْتُلُوا سَعْداً قَتَلَهُ اللَّهُ فَوَثَبَ قَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ فَأَخَذَ بِلِحْيَةِ عُمَرَ وَ قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ الْجَبَانَ الْفَرَّارَ فِي الْحُرُوبِ اللَّيْثَ فِي الْمَلَإِ وَ الْأَمْنِ لَوْ حَرَّكْتَ مِنْهُ شَعْرَةً مَا رَجَعْتَ وَ فِي وَجْهِكَ وَاضِحَةٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَهْلًا يَا عُمَرُ فَإِنَّ الرِّفْقَ أَبْلَغُ وَ أَفْضَلُ
He said, ‘You are killing me!’ Umar said, ‘May Allah-azwj Kill him’. Qays Bin Sa’ad leapt and grabbed the beard of Umar and said, ‘By Allah-azwj! By Allah-azwj, O son of Suhaak, the coward, the fleer in the wars, the lion in the assemblies and during the peace time! Even if a hair moves from him, you will not return and in your face would be clearness!’ Abu Bakr said, ‘No, O Umar, for the kindness is more reaching and better’.
فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ وَ كَانَتْ جَدَّةَ عُمَرَ حَبَشِيَّةً أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ لِي قُوَّةً عَلَى النُّهُوضِ لَسَمِعْتُمَا مِنِّي فِي سِكَكِهَا زَئِيراً يُزْعِجُكَ وَ أَصْحَابَكَ مِنْهَا وَ لَأَلْحَقْتُكُمَا بِقَوْمٍ كُنْتُمْ فِيهِمْ أَذْنَاباً أَذِلَّاءَ تَابِعَيْنِ غَيْرَ مَتْبُوعَيْنِ لَقَدِ اجْتَرَأْتُمَا يَا آلَ الْخَزْرَجِ احْمِلُونِي مِنْ مَكَانِ الْفِتْنَةِ
Sa’ad said, ‘O son of Suhaak!’ – a grandmother of Umar was Ethiopian, ‘But, by Allah-azwj, if there was strength for me upon the rising, you would have heard me roaring in the markets, you and your companions would have been distressed from it and I would have joined you to with a people you used to be among them, a disgraceful offspring, followers not being followed. You are being audacious, O family of Al-Khazraj! Carry me away from the place of Fitna!’
فَحَمَلُوهُ فَأَدْخَلُوهُ مَنْزِلَهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ قَدْ بَايَعَ النَّاسُ فَبَايِعْ
They carried him and entered him into his house. When it was after that, Abu Bakr sent a message to him, ‘The people have pledged allegiance, so (you) pledge allegiance’.
فَقَالَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى أَرْمِيَكُمْ بِكُلِّ سَهْمٍ فِي كِنَانَتِي وَ أَخْضِبَ مِنْكُمْ سِنَانَ رُمْحِي وَ أَضْرِبَكُمْ بِسَيْفِي مَا أَقَلَّتْ يَدِي فَأُقَاتِلُكُمْ بِمَنْ تَبِعَنِي مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي وَ عَشِيرَتِي ثُمَّ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوِ اجْتَمَعَ الْجِنُّ وَ الْإِنْسُ عَلَيَّ مَا بَايَعْتُكُمَا أَيُّهَا الْغَاصِبَانِ حَتَّى أُعْرَضَ عَلَى رَبِّي وَ أَعْلَمَ مَا حِسَابِي
He said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, until I shoot at you with every arrow in my quiver, and dye the teeth from my spears, and strike you with my sword. I am not short of hands. I will fight you with the ones who follow me, from my family and my clan. Then, I swear by Allah-azwj! Even if the Jinn and the humans were to gather against me, I will not pledge allegiance to you two (Abu Bakr and Umar), O you usurpers, until I am presented unto my Lord-azwj and know what my Reckoning is’.
فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ كَلَامُهُ قَالَ عُمَرُ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ بَيْعَتِهِ فَقَالَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَبَى وَ لَجَّ وَ لَيْسَ بِمُبَايِعٍ أَوْ يُقْتَلَ وَ لَيْسَ بِمَقْتُولٍ حَتَّى تُقْتَلَ مَعَهُ الْخَزْرَجُ وَ الْأَوْسُ فَاتْرُكُوهُ وَ لَيْسَ تَرْكُهُ بِضَائِرٍ
When his speech came to them, Umar said, ‘There is no escape from his allegiance’. Bashir Bin Sa’ad said, ‘He has refused and is vociferous, and will not be pledging allegiance, or he is killed, and he wouldn’t be killed until Al-Khazraj and Al-Aws are killed along with him. So leave him, and leaving him is not harmful’.
فَقَبِلُوا قَوْلَهُ وَ تَرَكُوا سَعْداً وَ كَانَ سَعْدٌ لَا يُصَلِّي بِصَلَاتِهِمْ وَ لَا يَقْضِي بِقَضَائِهِمْ وَ لَوْ وَجَدَ أَعْوَاناً لَصَالَ بِهِمْ وَ لَقَاتَلَهُمْ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ فِي وِلَايَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ حَتَّى هَلَكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ
They accepted his words and left Sa’ad, and Sa’ad did not use to pray Salat with their Salat nor fulfilled any needs with their needs, and had he found any supporters he would have been with them and fought against them. He did not cease to be like that during the rule of Abu Bakr until Abu Bakr died.
ثُمَّ وُلِّيَ عُمَرُ فَكَانَ كَذَلِكَ فَخَشِيَ سَعْدٌ غَائِلَةَ عُمَرَ فَخَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَمَاتَ بِحَوْرَانَ فِي وِلَايَةِ عُمَرَ وَ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ أَحَداً وَ كَانَ سَبَبُ مَوْتِهِ أَنْ رُمِيَ بِسَهْمٍ فِي اللَّيْلِ فَقَتَلَهُ وَ زُعِمَ أَنَّ الْجِنَّ رَمَوْهُ وَ قِيلَ أَيْضاً إِنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ تَوَلَّى قَتْلَهُ بِجُعْلٍ جُعِلَتْ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ تَوَلَّى ذَلِكَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ
Then Umar became ruler, and he was like that. Sa’ad feared the calamity of Umar, so he went out to Syria and died at Howran during the rule of Umar, and did not pledge allegiance to anyone, and the reason for his death was that he was shot at by an arrow during the night and it killed him, and it is claimed that the Jinn shot at him, and it is said as well that Muhammad Bin Maslama Al-Ansari was in-charge of killing him, and kept on coming against him. And it is reported that Al-Mugheira Bin Shu’ba was in charge of him.
قَالَ وَ بَايَعَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ مَنْ حَضَرَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ وَ عَلِيُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع مَشْغُولٌ بِجَهَازِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ النَّاسُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ مَنْ بَايَعَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ جَلَسَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And a group from the Helpers pledged allegiance, and the ones presented from others, and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws was pre-occupied with the funeral preparations of Rasool-Allah-saww. When he-asws was free from that and had prayed Salat upon the Prophet-saww, and the people prayed Salat upon him, the ones who had pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, and the ones who did not pledge allegiance sat in the Masjid.
فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَ مَعَهُ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ وَ اجْتَمَعَتْ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ وَ بَنُو زُهْرَةَ إِلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ فَكَانُوا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ مُجْتَمِعِينَ إِذْ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ فَقَالُوا مَا لَنَا نَرَاكُمْ حَلَقاً شَتَّى قُومُوا فَبَايِعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَدْ بَايَعَهُ الْأَنْصَارُ وَ النَّاسُ
The Clan of Hashim-asws gathered to him-asws, and with him-asws was Al-Zubeyr Bin Al-Awwam, and the clan of Umayya gathered to Usman Bin Affan, and the clan of Zuhra to Abdul Rahman Bin Awf, and they were gathered in the Masjid, when Abu Bakr and Umar and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah came and they said, ‘What is the matter we see you all (seated) in various circles? Arise and pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr, for the Helpers have already pledged and (so have) the people’.
فَقَامَ عُثْمَانُ وَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُمَا فَبَايَعُوا وَ انْصَرَفَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ إِلَى مَنْزِلِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ مَعَهُمُ الزُّبَيْرُ
Usman and Abdul Rahman Bin Awf and the ones with them stood up and pledged allegiance, and Ali-asws and the Clan of Hashim-asws left to go to the house of Ali-asws, and Al-Zubeyr was with them.
قَالَ فَذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ عُمَرُ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ مِمَّنْ بَايَعَ فِيهِمْ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ سَلَامَةَ فَأَلْفَوْهُمْ مُجْتَمِعِينَ فَقَالُوا لَهُمْ بَايِعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَدْ بَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ فَوَثَبَ الزُّبَيْرُ إِلَى سَيْفِهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْكَلْبِ فَاكْفُونَا شَرَّهُ فَبَادَرَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ سَلَامَةَ فَانْتَزَعَ السَّيْفَ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَأَخَذَهُ عُمَرُ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ الْأَرْضَ فَكَسَرَهُ وَ أَحْدَقُوا بِمَنْ كَانَ هُنَاكَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَ مَضَوْا بِجَمَاعَتِهِمْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Umar went to them among a group of the one who had pledged allegiance, among them were Aseyd Bin Huzeyr, and Salama Bin Salama, and took them altogether and said to them, ‘Pledge allegiance to Abu bakr, for the people have already pledged!’ Al-Zubeyr leapt to his sword. Umar said, ‘Upon you is (to deal) with the dog and stop his evil from us’. Salama Bin Salama rushed and snatched the sword from his hand, and Umar took it and struck the ground with it and broke it, and they cordoned off the ones from the Clan of Hashim-asws who were there, and they went with their group to Abu Bakr.
فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوا قَالُوا بَايِعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَدْ بَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ ذَلِكَ لَنُحَاكِمَنَّكُمْ بِالسَّيْفِ
When they were presented, (Umar) said, ‘Pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr, for the people have pledged, and I swear by Allah-azwj, if you were to refuse that, we shall judge you with the sword!’
فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ أَقْبَلَ رَجُلٌ رَجُلٌ فَجَعَلَ يُبَايِعُ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ مِمَّنْ حَضَرَ إِلَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ بَايِعْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُ وَ أَنْتُمْ أَوْلَى بِالْبَيْعَةِ لِي أَخَذْتُمْ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ احْتَجَجْتُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْقَرَابَةِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ تَأْخُذُونَهُ مِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ غَصْباً
When the Clan of Hashim-asws saw that, man by man came and pledge allegiance until there did not remain anyone from the ones present except Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. He (Umar) said to him (Ali-asws), ‘Pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr!’ Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws am more rightful with this command than him, and you all are foremost with pledging the allegiance to me-asws. You seized this command from the Helpers and argued against them with the kinship from Rasool-Allah-saww and seized it from us-asws, People-asws of the Household, usurping.
أَ لَسْتُمْ زَعَمْتُمْ لِلْأَنْصَارِ أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلَى بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لِمَكَانِكُمْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَعْطَوْكُمُ الْمَقَادَةَ وَ سَلَّمُوا لَكُمُ الْإِمَارَةَ وَ أَنَا أَحْتَجُّ عَلَيْكُمْ بِمِثْلِ مَا احْتَجَجْتُمْ عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَيّاً وَ مَيِّتاً وَ أَنَا وَصِيُّهُ وَ وَزِيرُهُ وَ مُسْتَوْدَعُ سِرِّهِ وَ عِلْمِهِ
Didn’t you claim to the Helpers that you (Emigrants) are foremost with this command than them due to your position from Rasool-Allah-saww, so they gave you the leadership and submitted the government to you? And I-asws am arguing against you with the like of what you had argued against the Helpers. I-asws am foremost with Rasool-Allah-saww, living and deceased, and I-asws am his-saww successor-asws, and his-saww Vizier, and a depository of his-saww secrets and his-saww knowledge.
وَ أَنَا الصِّدِّيقُ الْأَكْبَرُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَ صَدَّقَهُ وَ أَحْسَنُكُمْ بَلَاءً فِي جِهَادِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ أَعْرَفُكُمْ بِالْكِتَابِ وَ السُّنَّةِ وَ أَفْقَهُكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَ أَعْلَمُكُمْ بِعَوَاقِبِ الْأُمُورِ وَ أَذْرَبُكُمْ لِسَاناً وَ أَثْبَتُكُمْ جِنَاناً فَعَلَامَ تُنَازِعُونَّا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ
And I-asws am the greatest truthful, the first one to believe in him-saww, and ratify him-saww and the best of you with hardship in fighting the Polytheists, and most recognising of you with the Book and the Sunnah, and most understanding of you in the Religion, and most knowledgeable of you with the results of the matters, and most eloquent of you in speaking, and most proven of you all with the Gardens, so upon what are you contending this command?
أَنْصِفُونَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَخَافُونَ اللَّهَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ اعْرِفُوا لَنَا مِنَ الْأَمْرِ مِثْلَ مَا عَرَفَتْهُ الْأَنْصَارُ لَكُمْ وَ إِلَّا فَبُوءُوا بِالظُّلْمِ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
Be fair to us, if you are fearing Allah-azwj than yourselves, and recognise to us of the command like what you introduced the Helpers as being for you, or else you are going with the injustice and you are knowing’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَ مَا لَكَ بِأَهْلِ بَيْتِكِ أُسْوَةٌ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع سَلُوهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَابْتَدَرَ الْقَوْمُ الَّذِينَ بَايَعُوا مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَقَالُوا مَا بَيْعَتُنَا بِحُجَّةٍ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع وَ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ نَقُولَ إِنَّا نُوَازِيهِ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ وَ حُسْنِ الْجِهَادِ وَ الْمَحَلِّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
Umar said, ‘Isn’t there an example for you-asws with your family members (having pledged allegiance)?’ Ali-asws said: ‘Ask them about that’. So, the group, those from the Clan of Hashim-asws who had pledged allegiance, rushed and said, ‘Our allegiances are not an argument upon Ali-asws, and Allah-azwj Forbid that we should be saying we are his-asws equals in the Emigration, and the goodly Jihad, and the position from Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنَّكَ لَسْتَ مَتْرُوكاً حَتَّى تُبَايِعَ طَوْعاً أَوْ كَرْهاً
Umar said, ‘You will not be left until you either pledge willingly or unwillingly’. Ali-asws said: ‘
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع احْلُبْ حَلْباً لَكَ شَطْرُهُ اشْدُدْ لَهُ الْيَوْمَ لِيَرُدَّ عَلَيْكَ غَداً إِذاً وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَقْبَلَ قَوْلَكَ وَ لَا أَحْفِلَ بِمَقَامِكَ وَ لَا أُبَايِعَ
Ali-asws said: ‘You are milking milk for you, being harsh for it today, it will be returned upon you tomorrow when, by Allah-azwj I-asws will neither accept your words, nor will your place be celebrated, and I will not pledge allegiance’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَهْلًا يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مَا نُشَدِّدُ عَلَيْكَ وَ لَا نُكْرِهُكَ
Abu Bakr (at this point intervened and) said: Shh no, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! We are not being harsh upon you-asws, nor forcing you’.
فَقَامَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ لَسْنَا نَدْفَعُ قَرَابَتَكَ وَ لَا سَابِقَتَكَ وَ لَا عِلْمَكَ وَ لَا نُصْرَتَكَ وَ لَكِنَّكَ حَدَثُ السِّنِّ وَ كَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع يَوْمَئِذٍ ثَلَاثٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ سَنَةً وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ شَيْخٌ مِنْ مَشَايِخِ قَوْمِكَ وَ هُوَ أَحْمَلُ لِثِقَلِ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ قَدْ مَضَى الْأَمْرُ بِمَا فِيهِ فَسَلِّمْ لَهُ
Abu Ubeyda stood up to Ali-asws and said, ‘O cousin! We are not refuting your-asws kinship nor preceding you-asws, nor your-asws knowledge, nor your-asws help, but you are of young age’ – and on that day Ali-asws was thirty three years of age – ‘and Abu Bakr is an old man from the old men of your-asws people, and he has more endurance for the weight of this command, and the command has already passed along with whatever is in it, so submit to him.
فَإِنْ عَمَّرَكَ اللَّهُ لَسَلَّمُوا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ إِلَيْكَ وَ لَا يَخْتَلِفُ عَلَيْكَ اثْنَانِ بَعْدَ هَذَا إِلَّا وَ أَنْتَ بِهِ خَلِيقٌ وَ لَهُ حَقِيقٌ وَ لَا تَبْعَثِ الْفِتْنَةَ قَبْلَ أَوَانِ الْفِتْنَةِ قَدْ عَرَفْتَ مَا فِي قُلُوبِ الْعَرَبِ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ عَلَيْكَ
If Allah-azwj were to Make you-asws a ruler, this command would be submitted to you-asws, and no two would differ upon you-asws after this, except and you would be appropriate with it, and competent for it, and do not resurrect the Fitna before the season of the Fitna (for) you-asws do recognise what is in the hearts of the Arabs and other against you-asws’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ اللَّهَ اللَّهَ لَا تَنْسَوْا عَهْدَ نَبِيِّكُمْ إِلَيْكُمْ فِي أَمْرِي وَ لَا تُخْرِجُوا سُلْطَانَ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْ دَارِهِ وَ قَعْرِ بَيْتِهِ إِلَى دُورِكُمْ وَ قَعْرِ بُيُوتِكُمْ وَ تَدْفَعُوا أَهْلَهُ عَنْ حَقِّهِ وَ مَقَامِهِ فِي النَّاسِ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘O community of the Emigrants and the Helpers! Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! Do not forget the pact of your Prophet-saww to you all regarding my-asws command, and do not throw out the authority of Muhammad-saww from his-saww house and the bottom of his-saww house, to your houses and bottom of your houses, and push away his-saww family from its right and its position among the people.
يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْجَمْعِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَضَى وَ حَكَمَ وَ نَبِيَّهُ أَعْلَمُ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ إِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ أَ مَا كَانَ مِنَّا الْقَارِئُ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ الْفَقِيهُ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ الْمُضْطَلِعُ بِأَمْرِ الرَّعِيَّةِ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَفِينَا لَا فِيكُمْ فَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا الْهَوَى فَتَزْدَادُوا مِنَ الْحَقِّ بُعْداً وَ تُفْسِدُوا قَدِيمَكُمْ بِشَرٍّ مِنْ حَدِيثِكُمْ
O community of gatherers! Surely, Allah-azwj Decreed and Judged, and His-azwj Prophet-saww is more knowing, and you are all knowing that we-asws, People-asws of the Household are more rightful with this command than you are! Wasn’t there from us-asws the reader of the Book of Allah-azwj, the jurist in the Religion of Allah-azwj, the expert with the matters of the citizens? By Allah-azwj! It is to be in us-asws, not among you! Therefore, do not pursue the whims for you will renege (default) from the truth far away and spoil your past from the evil of your newly occurring events’.
فَقَالَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ الَّذِي وَطَّأَ الْأَمْرَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ قَالَتْ جَمَاعَةُ الْأَنْصَارِ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ لَوْ كَانَ هَذَا الْكَلَامَ سَمِعَتْهُ الْأَنْصَارُ مِنْكَ قَبْلَ الِانْضِمَامِ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ مَا اخْتَلَفَ فِيكَ اثْنَانِ
Bashir Bin Sa’d Al-Ansari, the one who made it worse for Abu Bakr, and on behalf of the Ansar group (Helpers) said ‘O Abu Al Hassan-asws! If the Helpers had heard this speech from you before the adherence to Abu Bakr, no two would have differed regarding you-asws’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا هَؤُلَاءِ أَ كُنْتُ أَدَعُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مُسَجًّى لَا أُوَارِيهِ وَ أَخْرُجُ أُنَازِعُ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ وَ اللَّهِ مَا خِفْتُ أَحَداً يَسْمُو لَهُ وَ يُنَازِعُنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فِيهِ وَ يَسْتَحِلُّ مَا اسْتَحْلَلْتُمُوهُ وَ لَا عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص تَرَكَ يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ لِأَحَدٍ حُجَّةً وَ لَا لِقَائِلٍ مَقَالًا
Ali-asws said: ‘O you all! Was I-asws supposed to leave shrouding Rasool-Allah-saww and not even bury him-saww, and come out to dispute regarding his-saww authority? By Allah-azwj! I-asws do not fear anyone, listening to him, and he would content us-asws, People-asws of the Household regarding it, and he could permit what you all have permitted it, and do you not know that on the day of Ghadeer Khumm Rasool-Allah-saww neither left any argument for anyone nor any words for any speaker?
فَأَنْشُدُ اللَّهَ رَجُلًا سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ص يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ يَقُولُ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَهَذَا عَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ اللَّهُمَّ وَالِ مَنْ وَالاهُ وَ عَادِ مَنْ عَادَاهُ وَ انْصُرْ مَنْ نَصَرَهُ وَ اخْذُلْ مَنْ خَذَلَهُ أَنْ يَشْهَدَ بِمَا سَمِعَ
I-asws adjure any man who heard the Prophet-saww saying on the day of Ghadeer Khumm saying: ‘One whose Master I-saww was, so this Ali-asws is his Master-asws. O Allah-azwj! Befriend the one who befriends him, and be Inimical to the one who is inimical to him-asws, and help the one who helps him-asws, and Abandon the one who abandons him-asws’, he should testify with what he heard’.
قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ أَرْقَمَ فَشَهِدَ اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلًا بَدْرِيّاً بِذَلِكَ وَ كُنْتُ مِمَّنْ سَمِعَ الْقَوْلَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَكَتَمْتُ الشَّهَادَةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَذَهَبَ بَصَرِي
Zayd Bin Arqam said, ‘Twelve men, participants of Badr, testified with that, and I was from the ones who had heard the words from Rasool-Allah-saww, but I concealed the testimony on that day, so my sight was gone’ (as a result of concealing the truth).
قَالَ وَ كَثُرَ الْكَلَامُ فِي هَذَا الْمَعْنَى وَ ارْتَفَعَ الصَّوْتُ وَ خَشِيَ عُمَرُ أَنْ يُصْغَى إِلَى قَوْلِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَفَسَخَ الْمَجْلِسَ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُقَلِّبُ الْقُلُوبَ وَ الْأَبْصَارَ وَ لَا يَزَالُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ تَرْغَبُ عَنْ قَوْلِ الْجَمَاعَةِ فَانْصَرَفُوا يَوْمَهُمْ ذَلِكَ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘And there was numerous talk in this meaning, and the voice was raised, and Umar feared that they would hearken to the words of Ali-asws, so he annulled the gathering and said, ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Overturns the hearts and the sights, and you-asws, O Abu Al Hassan-asws, have not cease to be desirous of the words of the group’. They left on that day of theirs’’.[1]
2- ج، الإحتجاج عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ هَلْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ فِي أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنْكَرَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فِعْلَهُ وَ جُلُوسَهُ مَجْلِسَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – From Aban bin Tabligh who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Sadiq-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Was there anyone from the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww who denied upon Abu Bakr, his deed and his sitting in the seat of Rasool-Allah-saww?’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ كَانَ الَّذِي أَنْكَرَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَ كَانَ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ وَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ وَ بُرَيْدَةُ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, the ones who had denied upon Abu Bakr were twelve men. From the Emigrants were – Khalid Bin Saeed Bin Al-Aas, and he was from the clan of Umayya, and Salman Al-Farsi-ra, and Abu Zarr Al-Ghifari-ra, and Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-ra, and Ammar Bin Yasser, and Bureyda Aslami.
وَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التَّيِّهَانِ وَ سَهْلٌ وَ عُثْمَانُ ابْنَا حُنَيْفٍ وَ خُزَيْمَةُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ذُو الشَّهَادَتَيْنِ وَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ وَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ
And from the Helpers were – Abu Al-Haysam Bin Al-Tayhan, and Sahl and Usman two sons of Huneyf, and Khuzeyma Bin Sabit, (titled as) ‘One with two testimonies’, and Ubayy Bin Ka’ab, and Abu Ayoub Al Ansari’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا صَعِدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْمِنْبَرَ تَشَاوَرُوا بَيْنَهُمْ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ وَ اللَّهِ لَنَأْتِيَنَّهُ وَ لَنُنْزِلَنَّهُ عَنْ مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
He-asws said: ‘When Abu Bakr ascended the pulpit, they consulted between them. One of them said to the other, ‘By Allah-azwj! We should go to him and bring him down from the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
وَ قَالَ الْآخَرُونَ مِنْهُمْ وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ إِذاً لَأَعَنْتُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ قَدْ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ فَانْطَلَقُوا بِنَا إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِنَسْتَشِيرَهُ وَ نَسْتَطْلِعَ رَأْيَهُ
And others from them said, ‘By Allah-azwj! If you were to do that, you will let yourselves be cursed, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Said: and cast not yourselves to destruction with your own hands [2:195]. So, let us go to Amir Al-Momineen-asws in order to consult him-asws and be notified of his-asws view.
فَانْطَلَقَ الْقَوْمُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ فَقَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تَرَكْتَ حَقّاً أَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ وَ أَوْلَى مِنْهُ لِأَنَّا سَمِعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ عَلِيٌّ مَعَ الْحَقِّ وَ الْحَقُّ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ يَمِيلُ مَعَ الْحَقِّ كَيْفَ مَالَ
The group in their entirety went to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and they said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! You-asws left a right which you-asws are more rightful with it and foremost from it, because we did hear Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Ali-asws is with the truth and the truth is with Ali-asws. He-asws inclines with the truth howsoever he-asws inclines’.
وَ لَقَدْ هَمَمْنَا أَنْ نَصِيرَ إِلَيْهِ فَنُنْزِلَهُ عَنْ مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَجِئنَاكَ نَسْتَشِيرُكَ وَ نَسْتَطْلِعُ رَأْيَكَ فِيمَا تَأْمُرُنَا
And we have thought of going to him and bring him down from the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww, so we have come to you-asws to consult you-asws and to be notified of your-asws view in what you-asws are instructing us’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ لَمَا كُنْتُمْ لَهُمْ إِلَّا حَرْباً وَ لَكِنَّكُمْ كَالْمِلْحِ فِي الزَّادِ وَ كَالْكُحْلِ فِي الْعَيْنِ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘And I-asws swear by Allah-azwj! If you were to do that, you would only be at war to them, but you are like the salt in the food, and like the Kohl in the eyes.
وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ لَأَتَيْتُمُونِي شَاهِرِينَ أَسْيَافَكُمْ مُسْتَعِدِّينَ لِلْحَرْبِ وَ الْقِتَالِ إِذَا لأتوني [أَتَوْنِي] فَقَالُوا لِي بَايِعْ وَ إِلَّا قَتَلْنَاكَ فَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَدْفَعَ الْقَوْمَ عَنْ نَفْسِي
And I-asws swear by Allah-azwj! if you were to do that, you will be coming to me-asws brandishing your swords preparing for the war and the fighting, then they would come to me-asws and say to me-asws, ‘Either pledge allegiance of else we will kill you-asws’. Thus, there would be no escape for me-asws from defending myself-asws from the people.
وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَوْعَزَ إِلَيَّ قَبْلَ وَفَاتِهِ قَالَ لِي يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ إِنَّ الْأُمَّةَ سَتَغْدِرُ بِكَ بَعْدِي وَ تَنْقُضُ فِيكَ عَهْدِي وَ إِنَّكَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى وَ إِنَّ الْأُمَّةَ مِنْ بَعْدِي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ وَ السَّامِرِيِّ وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ
And that is because Rasool-Allah-saww had instructed to me-asws before his-saww expiry saying: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! The community will be treacherous with you-asws after me-saww, and break my-saww covenant regarding you-asws, and you-asws are from me-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as, and that the community from after me-saww are at the status of Haroun-as and the ones who followed him-as, and Al-Samiri-la and the ones who followed him-la’.
فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمَا تَعْهَدُ إِلَيَّ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِنْ وَجَدْتَ أَعْوَاناً فَبَادِرْ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ جَاهِدْهُمْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً كُفَّ يَدَكَ وَ احْقِنْ دَمَكَ حَتَّى تَلْحَقَ بِي مَظْلُوماً
I-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! So, what is your-saww pact to me-asws, when that happens?’ He-saww said: ‘If you-asws were to find supporters, then rush towards them and fight them, but if you-asws do not find supporters, restrain your-asws hand and save your-asws blood until you-asws join up with me-saww, as an oppressed one-asws’.
وَ لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص اشْتَغَلْتُ بِغُسْلِهِ وَ تَكْفِينِهِ وَ الْفَرَاغِ مِنْ شَأْنِهِ ثُمَّ آلَيْتُ يَمِيناً أَنْ لَا أَرْتَدِيَ إِلَّا لِلصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى أَجْمَعَ الْقُرْآنَ فَفَعَلْتُ
And when Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, I-asws was pre-occupied with washing him-saww, and enshrouding him-saww, and to be free from his-saww affairs. Then I-asws swore an oath that I-asws will not wear my-asws robe except for the Salat until I-asws gather the Quran. I-asws did so.
ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ بِيَدِ فَاطِمَةَ وَ ابْنَيَّ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ فَدُرْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ وَ أَهْلِ السَّابِقَةِ فَنَاشَدْتُهُمْ حَقِّي وَ دَعَوْتُهُمْ إِلَى نُصْرَتِي فَمَا أَجَابَنِي مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةُ رَهْطٍ مِنْهُمْ سَلْمَانُ وَ عَمَّارٌ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ لَقَدْ رَاوَدْتُ فِي ذَلِكَ تَقْيِيدَ بَيِّنَتِي
Then I-asws grabbed a hand of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and my-asws two sons-asws Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and circled unto the people of Badr, and the foremost people adjuring them of my-asws rights and called them to help me-asws. But no one from them answered me-asws except a group of four, from them being Salman-ra, and Ammar-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and I-asws had gone regarding that as an emphasis of my-asws proof.
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ عَلَى السُّكُوتِ لِمَا عَلِمْتُمْ مِنْ وَغْرِ صُدُورِ الْقَوْمِ وَ بُغْضِهِمْ لِلَّهِ وَ لِرَسُولِهِ وَ لِأَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّهِ ص
Therefore, fear Allah-azwj upon the silence due to what you well know of the venom (hatred) in the chests of the people and their hatred of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and for People-asws of the Household of His-azwj Prophet-saww.
فَانْطَلِقُوا بِأَجْمَعِكُمْ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ فَعَرِّفُوهُ مَا سَمِعْتُمْ مِنْ قَوْلِ رَسُولِكُمْ ص لِيَكُونَ ذَلِكَ أَوْكَدَ لِلْحُجَّةِ وَ أَبْلَغَ لِلْعُذْرِ وَ أَبْعَدَ لَهُمْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا وَرَدُوا عَلَيْهِ
So, all of you go to the man (Abu Bakr) and let him know of what you heard from the words of your Rasool-saww for that to become a confirmation of the proof, and a denouncement of the excuse, and remoteness of theirs from Rasool-Allah-saww when they do arrive to him-saww’.
فَسَارَ الْقَوْمُ حَتَّى أَحْدَقُوا بِمِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ كَانَ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ فَلَمَّا صَعِدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْمِنْبَرَ قَالَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ لِلْأَنْصَارِ تَقَدَّمُوا فَتَكَلَّمُوا وَ قَالَ الْأَنْصَارُ لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ بَلْ تَكَلَّمُوا أَنْتُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَدْنَاكُمْ فِي كِتَابِهِ إِذْ قَالَ اللَّهُ لَقَدْ تَابَ اللَّهُ بِالنَّبِيِّ عَلَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ
The group went until they encircled the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww, and it was the day of Friday. When Abu Bakr ascended the pulpit, the Emigrants said to the Helpers, ‘Go ahead and speak’. And the Helpers said to the Emigrants, ‘But, you speak, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Drawn you nearer when Allah-azwj Said: Allah has Turned (Mercifully) with the Prophet to the Emigrants and the Helpers [9:117]’’.
قَالَ أَبَانٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْعَامَّةَ لَا تَقْرَأُ كَمَا عِنْدَكَ فَقَالَ وَ كَيْفَ تَقْرَأُ يَا أَبَانُ قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنَّهَا تَقْرَأُ لَقَدْ تابَ اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَ الْمُهاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصارِ
Aban Bin Tablugh said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! The general Muslims are not reading it just as is with you-asws’. He-asws said: ‘And how is it being recited, O Aban?’ I said, ‘It is being recited as: Allah has Turned (Mercifully) to the Prophet and the Emigrants and the Helpers [9:117]’.
فَقَالَ وَيْلَهُمْ وَ أَيُّ ذَنْبٍ كَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهُ إِنَّمَا تَابَ اللَّهُ بِهِ عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ
He-asws said: ‘Woe be unto them! And which sin was there for Rasool-Allah-saww until Allah-azwj Turned to him-saww from it? But rather, Allah-azwj Turned with him-saww, to his-saww community’.
فَأَوَّلُ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ ثُمَّ بَاقِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ ثُمَّ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمُ الْأَنْصَارُ
The first one to speak with it (to Abu Bakr) was Khalid Bin Saeed Bin Al-Aas, then the rest of the Emigrants, then from after them, the Helpers’.
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا غُيَّباً عَنْ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَدِمُوا وَ قَدْ تَوَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ هُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَعْلَامُ مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَامَ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَ قَالَ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ وَ نَحْنُ مُحْتَوِشُوهُ يَوْمَ قُرَيْظَةَ حِينَ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ قَدْ قَتَلَ عَلِيٌّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِدَّةً مِنْ صَنَادِيدِ رِجَالِهِمْ وَ أُولِي الْبَأْسِ وَ النَّجْدَةِ مِنْهُمْ
And it is reported that they were absent from the expiry of Rasool-Allah-saww, and they went ahead and made Abu Bakr a ruler, and on that day they were flags of Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww. Khalid Bin Saeed Bin Al-Aas stood up and said, ‘Fear Allah-azwj, O Abu Bakr, for you know well that which Rasool-Allah-saww said, and we had left him-saww alone on the day (battle) of Qureyza, when Allah-azwj Granted victory to him-saww, and on that day Ali-asws had killed a number of their brave men, and ones of evil and the courageous ones from them.
يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِنِّي مُوصِيكُمْ بِوَصِيَّةٍ فَاحْفَظُوهَا وَ مُودِعُكُمْ أَمْراً فَاحْفَظُوهُ أَلَا إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَمِيرُكُمْ بَعْدِي وَ خَلِيفَتِي فِيكُمْ بِذَلِكَ أَوْصَانِي رَبِّي
(He-saww said): ‘O community of the Emigrants and the Helpers! I-saww am advising you with a bequest, and preserving it, a matter of your promise, so keep it. Indeed! Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is your commander after me-saww, and my-saww caliph among you all. My-saww Lord-azwj has Bequeathed me-saww with that.
أَلَا وَ إِنَّكُمْ إِنْ لَمْ تَحْفَظُوا فِيهِ وَصِيَّتِي وَ تُوَازِرُوهُ وَ تَنْصُرُوهُ اخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِي أَحْكَامِكُمْ وَ اضْطَرَبَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَمْرُ دِينِكُمْ وَ وَلِيَكُمْ شِرَارُكُمْ
Indeed! And you, when you do not preserve my-saww bequest regarding him-asws, and (do not) back him-asws and help him-asws, you will be differing in your decisions and the matters of your Religion would waver (tremble) upon you, and your evils ones would rule you.
أَلَا إِنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي هُمُ الْوَارِثُونَ لِأَمْرِي وَ الْعَالِمُونَ بِأَمْرِ أُمَّتِي مِنْ بَعْدِي اللَّهُمَّ مَنْ أَطَاعَهُمْ مِنْ أُمَّتِي وَ حَفِظَ فِيهِمْ وَصِيَّتِي فَاحْشُرْهُمْ فِي زُمْرَتِي وَ اجْعَلْ لَهُمْ نَصِيباً مِنْ مُرَافَقَتِي يُدْرِكُونَ بِهِ نُورَ الْآخِرَةِ
Indeed! The People-asws of my-saww Household, they-asws are the inheritors of my-saww commands, and knowledge with the matters of my-saww community from after me-saww. O Allah-azwj! One from my-saww community who obeys them-asws and preserves my-saww bequest regarding him-asws, Resurrect them in my-saww group, and Make a share to be for them from my-saww friendship, coming across the Noor of the Hereafter by it.
اللَّهُمَّ وَ مَنْ أَسَاءَ خِلَافَتِي فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي فَاحْرِمْهُ الْجَنَّةَ الَّتِي عَرْضُها كَعَرْضِ السَّماءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ
O Allah-azwj! And the one who damages my-saww caliphate regarding People-asws of my-saww Household, Deprive him the Paradise, the expanse of it is like the sky and the earth’’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ اسْكُتْ يَا خَالِدُ فَلَسْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَشُورَةِ وَ لَا مِمَّنْ يُقْتَدَى بِرَأْيِهِ فَقَالَ خَالِدٌ اسْكُتْ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَإِنَّكَ تَنْطِقُ عَنْ لِسَانِ غَيْرِكَ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمَتْ قُرَيْشٌ أَنَّكَ مِنْ أَلْأَمِهَا حَسَباً وَ أَدْنَاهَا مَنْصَباً وَ أَخَسِّهَا قَدْراً وَ أَخْمَلِهَا ذِكْراً وَ أَقَلِّهِمْ غَنَاءً عَنِ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ وَ إِنَّكَ لَجَبَانٌ فِي الْحُرُوبِ بَخِيلٌ بِالْمَالِ لَئِيمُ الْعُنْصُرِ
Umar Bin Al-Khattab said to him, ‘O Khalid! You aren’t from the ones one can consult with nor from the ones one can be guided by his view’. Khalid said, ‘Quiet, O ibn Al-Khattab, for you are speaking from a tongue other than yours, and I swear by Allah-azwj, Quraysh have known that you are from its general affiliations, and lowest of its lineages, and the worst of its worth, and idlest of its mention, and the least of them reciting about Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and you are a coward during the war, stingy with the wealth, poorest of descent.
مَا لَكَ فِي قُرَيْشٍ مِنْ فَخَرٍ وَ لَا فِي الْحُرُوبِ مِنْ ذِكْرٍ وَ إِنَّكَ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الشَّيْطانِ إِذْ قالَ لِلْإِنْسانِ اكْفُرْ فَلَمَّا كَفَرَ قالَ إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْكَ إِنِّي أَخافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعالَمِينَ فَكانَ عاقِبَتَهُما أَنَّهُما فِي النَّارِ خالِدَيْنِ فِيها وَ ذلِكَ جَزاءُ الظَّالِمِينَ
There is neither any pride for you among Quraysh, nor any mention for you regarding the wars, and you in this command are at the status of the Satan when he says to the human being, ‘Commit Kufr!’ So when he does commit Kufr, he says, ‘I am disavowed from you. I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds’ [59:16] So both their end-results would be that they would both be in the Fire, abiding eternally therein, and that is a Recompense of the unjust ones [59:17]’.
فَأَبْلَسَ عُمَرُ وَ جَلَسَ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ثُمَّ قَامَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُ وَ قَالَ كرديد و نكرديد و ندانيد چه كرديد أَيْ فَعَلْتُمْ وَ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَ مَا عَلِمْتُمْ مَا فَعَلْتُمْ وَ امْتَنَعَ مِنَ الْبَيْعَةِ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى وُجِئَ عُنُقُهُ
Umar sat down, and Khalid Bin Saeed was seated. Then Salman Al-Farsi-ra stood up and said (in Persian), ‘Kardeed Wa Na Kardeed, Wa Na Daneed Che Kardeed’, i.e. ‘Whether you do and do not do, and you do not know what you are doing’, and he-ra had refused from the allegiance before that until his-ra neck was pained.
فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِلَى مَنْ تُسْنِدُ أَمْرَكَ إِذَا نَزَلَ بِكَ مَا لَا تَعْرِفُهُ وَ إِلَى مَنْ تَفْزَعُ إِذَا سُئِلْتَ عَمَّا لَا تَعْلَمُهُ وَ مَا عُذْرُكَ فِي تَقَدُّمِ مَنْ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكَ وَ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَعْلَمُ بِتَأْوِيلِ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ وَ مَنْ قَدَّمَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص فِي حَيَاتِهِ وَ أَوْصَاكُمْ بِهِ عِنْدَ وَفَاتِهِ
He-ra said, ‘O Abu Bakr! To whom will you go to back up your matter when it befalls with you what you do not recognise, and to whom will you panic when you are asked about what you do not know, and what would be your excuse preceding someone who is more knowledgeable than you are, and closer to Rasool-Allah-saww, and more knowing of the interpretation of the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and Sunnah of His-azwj Prophet-saww, and one whom the Prophet-saww had advanced during his-saww lifetime, and had bequeathed with him-asws during his-saww expiry.
فَنَبَذْتُمْ قَوْلَهُ وَ تَنَاسَيْتُمْ وَصِيَّتَهُ وَ أَخْلَفْتُمُ الْوَعْدَ وَ نَقَضْتُمُ الْعَهْدَ وَ حَلَلْتُمُ الْعَقْدَ الَّذِي كَانَ عَقَدَهُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنَ النُّفُوذِ تَحْتَ رَايَةِ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ حَذَراً مِنْ مِثْلِ مَا أَتَيْتُمُوهُ وَ تَنْبِيهاً لِلْأُمَّةِ عَلَى عَظِيمِ مَا اجْتَرَحْتُمُوهُ مِنْ مُخَالَفَةِ أَمْرِهِ
But, you discarded his-saww words and forgot his-saww bequest, and broke the promise, and broke the pact, and your released the knot which had been tied upon you from enforcement under the flag of Usama Bin Zayd. Be cautioned from the like of what you have come with and a warning to the community upon the grievousness of the opposition of his-saww orders.
فَعَنْ قَلِيلٍ يَصْفُو لَكَ الْأَمْرُ وَ قَدْ أَثْقَلَكَ الْوِزْرُ وَ نُقِلْتَ إِلَى قَبْرِكَ وَ حَمَلْتَ مَعَكَ مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ يَدَاكَ
After a little while the matter would be clear to you, and the burden would be heavier for you, and you will be transferred to your grave, and there would be carried along with you whatever your hands had earned.
فَلَوْ رَاجَعْتَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ قُرْبٍ وَ تَلَافَيْتَ نَفْسَكَ وَ تُبْتَ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ عَظِيمِ مَا اجْتَرَمْتَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ أَقْرَبَ إِلَى نَجَاتِكَ يَوْمَ تَفَرَّدُ فِي حُفْرَتِكَ وَ يُسَلِّمُكَ ذَوُو نُصْرَتِكَ
If you were to revert to the truth from nearby, and avoid yourself, and repent to Allah-azwj from the grievousness of crime what you have committed, that would be nearer to your salvation on the day you will be alone in your grave and won’t be surrounded by the ones who are helping you (now).
فَقَدْ سَمِعْتَ كَمَا سَمِعْنَا وَ رَأَيْتَ كَمَا رَأَيْنَا فَلَمْ يَرْدَعْكَ ذَلِكَ عَمَّا أَنْتَ مُتَشَبِّثٌ بِهِ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ الَّذِي لَا عُذْرَ لَكَ فِي تَقَلُّدِهِ وَ لَا حَظَّ لِلدِّينِ وَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي قِيَامِكَ بِهِ فَاللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي نَفْسِكَ فَقَدْ أَعْذَرَ مَنْ أَنْذَرَ وَ لَا تَكُنْ كَمَنْ أَدْبَرَ وَ اسْتَكْبَرَ
You have heard as what we heard, and seen as what we saw, and that did not deter you from what you are clinging on with of this command which there is no excuse for you to be collared with, nor is there any share for the Religion and the Muslims regarding your standing with it. So Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj regarding yourself, for the one who is warned would be excused and will not be like the one who turns around and is arrogant!’
ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَقَالَ يَا مَعَاشِرَ قُرَيْشٍ أَصَبْتُمْ قَبَاحَةً وَ تَرَكْتُمْ قَرَابَةً وَ اللَّهِ لَتَرْتَدَّنَّ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَ لَتَشُكَّنَّ فِي هَذَا الدِّينِ وَ لَوْ جَعَلْتُمُ الْأَمْرَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ مَا اخْتَلَفَ عَلَيْكُمْ سَيْفَانِ
Then Abu Zarr-ra stood up and said, ‘O community of Quraysh! You have attained ugliness and you neglected kinship. By Allah-azwj! A group of the Arabs will be reneging and doubting in this Religion, and if you were to make the command to be in People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww, no two swords would differ upon you.
وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ صَارَتْ لِمَنْ غَلَبَ وَ لَتَطْمَحَنَ إِلَيْهَا عَيْنُ مَنْ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا وَ لَيُسْفَكَنَّ فِي طَلَبِهَا دِمَاءٌ كَثِيرَةٌ فَكَانَ كَمَا قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ
By Allah-azwj! You have come to the one who has overcome and been reassured to it supporting one who isn’t from its rightful ones, and you will be spilling a lot of blood in seeking it’. It transpired just as Abu Zarr-ra had said.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ وَ عَلِمَ خِيَارُكُمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ الْأَمْرُ بَعْدِي لِعَلِيٍّ ثُمَّ لِابْنَيَّ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ثُمَّ لِلطَّاهِرِينَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِي
Then he-ra said, ‘You have known and so have your chosen ones, that Rasool-Allah-saww had said: ‘The command after me-saww is for Ali-asws, then for my-saww two sons-asws Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, then for the pure ones from my-saww offspring’.
فَاطَّرَحْتُمْ قَوْلَ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَ تَنَاسَيْتُمْ مَا عَهِدَ بِهِ إِلَيْكُمْ فَأَطَعْتُمُ الدُّنْيَا الْفَانِيَةَ وَ بِعْتُمُ الْآخِرَةَ الْبَاقِيَةَ الَّتِي لَا يَهْرَمُ شَبَابُهَا وَ لَا يَزُولُ نَعِيمُهَا وَ لَا يَحْزَنُ أَهْلُهَا وَ لَا تَمُوتُ سُكَّانُهَا بِالْحَقِيرِ التَّافِهِ الْفَانِي الزَّائِلِ
But, you rejected the words of your Prophet-saww and forsook what he-saww had vowed among you all, and you came to the perishing worlds and sold the ever-lasting Hereafter, which its youths do not age, nor doe its bounties decline, nor do its inhabitants grieve, nor do its dwellers die, for (the sake of) the vile, the temporal, the declining (world).
وَ كَذَلِكَ الْأُمَمُ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ كَفَرَتْ بَعْدَ أَنْبِيَائِهَا وَ نَكَصَتْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهَا وَ غَيَّرَتْ وَ بَدَّلَتْ وَ اخْتَلَفَتْ فَسَاوَيْتُمُوهُمْ حَذْوَ النَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ وَ الْقُذَّةِ بِالْقُذَّةِ وَ عَمَّا قَلِيلٍ تَذُوقُونَ وَبَالَ أَمْرِكُمْ وَ تُجْزَوْنَ بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَ مَا اللَّهُ بِظَلَّامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ
And like that were the communities from before you. They disbelieved after their Prophets-as and turned back upon their heels, and changed, and replaced, and opposed. So, (now) you have equalled them, step of the slipper with the slipper, and the arrow with the arrow (in a quiver), and after a little while you will be tasting the evil consequences of your affairs, and be Recompensed for what your hands had sent ahead, and Allah-azwj is not the least unjust to the servants’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ وَ قَالَ ارْجِعْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَنْ ظُلْمِكَ وَ تُبْ إِلَى رَبِّكَ وَ الْزَمْ بَيْتَكَ وَ ابْكِ عَلَى خَطِيئَتِكَ وَ سَلِّمِ الْأَمْرَ لِصَاحِبِهِ الَّذِي هُوَ أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْكَ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا عَقَدَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي عُنُقِكَ مِنْ بَيْعَتِهِ وَ أَلْزَمَكَ مِنَ النُّفُوذِ تَحْتَ رَايَةِ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ وَ هُوَ مَوْلَاهُ
The Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-ra and said, ‘Return, O Abu Bakr, from darkness, and repent to your Lord-azwj, and stay in your house, and cry upon your mistake, and submit the command to its owner, the one who is foremost with it than you are. You have known what Rasool-Allah-saww had pacted in your necks of his-asws allegiance, and necessitated you of enforcement under the flag of Usama Bin Azyd, and he-asws is your Master-asws.
وَ نَبَّهَ عَلَى بُطْلَانِ وُجُوبِ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ لَكَ وَ لِمَنْ عَضَدَكَ عَلَيْهِ بِضَمِّهِ لَكُمَا إِلَى عَلَمِ النِّفَاقِ وَ مَعْدِنِ الشَّنَآنِ وَ الشِّقَاقِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ ص إِنَّ شانِئَكَ هُوَ الْأَبْتَرُ
And he-saww alerted upon invalidating the obligation of this command being for you, and for the one who supported you upon it, by pressing both of you to the flag of hypocrisy and mine of atrocity and the wretched one, Amro Bin Al-Aas, for whom Allah-azwj the Exalted regarding him upon His-azwj Prophet-saww, Surely your adversary, he is the one without posterity [108:3].
فَلَا اخْتِلَافَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي عَمْرٍو وَ هُوَ كَانَ أَمِيراً عَلَيْكُمَا وَ عَلَى سَائِرِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِي الْوَقْتِ الَّذِي أَنْفَذَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي غَزَاةِ ذَاتِ السَّلَاسِلِ وَ أَنَّ عَمْراً قَلَّدَكُمَا حَرْسَ عَسْكَرِهِ فَمِنَ الْحَرْسِ إِلَى الْخِلَافَةِ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ بَادِرِ الِاسْتِقَالَةَ قَبْلَ فَوْتِهَا فَإِنَ ذَلِكَ أَسْلَمُ لَكَ فِي حَيَاتِكَ وَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِكَ وَ لَا تَرْكَنْ إِلَى دُنْيَاكَ وَ لَا تَغْرُرْكَ قُرَيْشٌ وَ غَيْرُهَا
There is not differing between the people of knowledge that it was Revealed regarding Amro, and he was a ruler upon you both, and upon the rest of the hypocrites, during the time in which Rasool-Allah-saww accomplished it during the military expedition of Zat Al-Salasil, and that Amro collared you two with greed of his-saww soldiers. So, from the greed to the caliphate, fear Allah-azwj, and rush to the resignation before it (opportunity) is lost, for that would be safe for you during your lifetime and after your death, and do not incline to your world nor let Quraysh and its pride deceive you.
فَعَنْ قَلِيلٍ تَضْمَحِلُّ عَنْكَ دُنْيَاكَ ثُمَّ تَصِيرُ إِلَى رَبِّكَ فَيَجْزِيكَ بِعَمَلِكَ وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ وَ تَيَقَّنْتَ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع صَاحِبُ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَسَلَّمَهُ إِلَيْهِ بِمَا جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَهُ فَإِنَّهُ أَتَمُّ لِسَتْرِكَ وَ أَخَفُّ لِوِزْرِكَ فَقَدْ وَ اللَّهِ نَصَحْتُ لَكَ إِنْ قَبِلْتَ نُصْحِي وَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ الْأُمُورُ
After a little while, your world will disappear, then you will come to your Lord, and He-azwj will Inform you of your deeds, and you have known that Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is the (real) owner of this command after Rasool-Allah-saww, so submit it to him-asws with what Allah-azwj has Made it to be for him-asws, for it would be an achievement for your veiling, and a lightening of your burden. By Allah-azwj! I-ra have advised to you if you accept my-ra advice, And to Allah return (all) the matters [2:210]’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ بُرَيْدَةُ الْأَسْلَمِيُ فَقَالَ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ مَا ذَا لَقِيَ الْحَقُّ مِنَ الْبَاطِلِ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَ نَسِيتَ أَمْ تَنَاسَيْتَ أَمْ خَدَعَتْكَ نَفْسُكَ سَوَّلَتْ لَكَ الْأَبَاطِيلَ أَ وَ لَمْ تَذْكُرْ مَا أَمَرَنَا بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ تَسْمِيَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ النَّبِيُّ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا وَ قَوْلَهُ فِي عِدَّةِ أَوْقَاتٍ هَذَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ قَاتِلُ الْقَاسِطِينَ
Then Bureyda Al-Aslamy stood up and said, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and we are returning to Him-azwj! What is the truth from the falsehood have you found, O Abu Bakr, are you forgetting or pretending to forget, or are you deceiving yourself? Have the falsehoods enticed you or do you not remember what Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered us with naming Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’ and the Prophet-saww was in our midst, and his-saww words in a number of times: ‘This is Amir Al-Momineen, killer of the renegades.
فَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ تَدَارَكْ نَفْسَكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ لَا تُدْرِكَهَا وَ أَنْقِذْهَا مِمَّا يُهْلِكُهُا وَ ارْدُدِ الْأَمْرَ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْكَ وَ لَا تَتَمَادَ فِي اغْتِصَابِهِ وَ رَاجِعْ وَ أَنْتَ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَرَاجَعَ فَقَدْ مَحَضْتُكَ النُّصْحَ وَ دَلَلْتُكَ عَلَى طَرِيقِ النَّجَاةِ فَلَا تَكُونَنَّ ظَهِيراً لِلْمُجْرِمِينَ
Therefore fear Allah-azwj and rectify yourself before you cannot rectify it anymore from what would destroy it, and return the command to the one who is more rightful with it than you are, and do not continue in raping it, and return while you are able to return and the advice has been given to you and you have been pointed upon the path of salvation, so do not become a support of the criminals’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَقَالَ يَا مَعَاشِرَ قُرَيْشٍ يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ عَلِمْتُمْ وَ إِلَّا فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ أَوْلَى بِهِ وَ أَحَقُّ بِإِرْثِهِ وَ أَقْوَمُ بِأُمُورِ الدِّينِ وَ آمَنُ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ أَحْفَظُ لِمِلَّتِهِ وَ أَنْصَحُ لِأُمَّتِهِ
Then Ammar Bin Yasser stood up and said, ‘O community of Quraysh! O community of Muslims! If you know, or else so know that People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww are foremost with it and more rightful with inheriting it, and straighter for the matters of the Religion, and safer upon the Momineen, and more protective of His-azwj nation, and more advisory for his-saww community.
فَمُرُوا صَاحِبَكُمْ فَلْيَرُدَّ الْحَقَّ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَضْطَرِبَ حَبْلُكُمْ وَ يَضْعُفَ أَمْرُكُمْ وَ يَظْفَرَ عَدُوُّكُمْ وَ يَظْهَرَ شَتَاتُكُمْ وَ تُعْظُمَ الْفِتْنَةُ بِكُمْ وَ تَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ وَ يَطْمَعَ فِيكُمْ عَدُوُّكُمْ
So, instruct your companion (Umar) to let you return the right to its rightful one before your ropes are disturbed and your affairs are weakened, and your enemies win, and your disapproval appears, and the Fitna becomes large with you, and you differ in what is between you, and your enemies covet regarding you.
فَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ أَنَّ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ أَوْلَى بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ وَ عَلِيٌّ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ وَلِيُّكُمْ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَ بِرَسُولِهِ وَ فَرْقٌ ظَاهِرٌ قَدْ عَرَفْتُمُوهُ فِي حَالٍ بَعْدَ حَالٍ عِنْدَ سَدِّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَبْوَابَكُمُ الَّتِي كَانَتْ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَسَدَّهَا كُلَّهَا غَيْرَ بَابِهِ وَ إِيثَارِهِ إِيَّاهُ بِكَرِيمَتِهِ فَاطِمَةَ دُونَ سَائِرِ مَنْ خَطَبَهَا إِلَيْهِ مِنْكُمْ
You have known that the Clan of Hashim-asws are foremost with the command than you all are, and Ali-asws is your Master-asws from between you due to the pact of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the apparent difference which you have recognised during a situation after situation, by the Prophet-saww closing your doors which were opening to the Masjid, so he-saww closed all of these apart from his-asws door, and his-saww preferring him-asws for his-saww prestigious (Syeda) Fatima-asws besides the rest of the ones from you who had proposed for her-asws to him-saww.
وَ قَوْلِهِ ص أَنَا مَدِينَةُ الْعِلْمِ وَ عَلِيٌّ بَابُهَا فَمَنْ أَرَادَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَلْيَأْتِهَا مِنْ بَابِهَا وَ أَنْتُمْ جَمِيعاً مُصْطَرِخُونَ فِيمَا أَشْكَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ أُمُورِ دِينِكُمْ إِلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ مُسْتَغْنٍ عَنْ كُلِّ أَحَدٍ مِنْكُمْ إِلَى مَا لَهُ مِنَ السَّوَابِقِ الَّتِي لَيْسَتْ لِأَفْضَلِكُمْ عِنْدَ نَفْسِهِ
And his-saww words: ‘I-saww am the city of knowledge and Ali-asws is its door, so the one who wants the wisdom, then let him come to it from its door’, and all of you (have to) depend on him-asws regarding what is confusing upon you from the matter of your religion, while he-asws is needless from each one of you, due to what is for him-asws of the precedents (from Allah-azwj) which isn’t even for your superior ones in the presence of his own self.
فَمَا بَالُكُمْ تَحِيدُونَ عَنْهُ وَ تُغِيرُونَ عَلَى حَقِّهِ وَ تُؤْثِرُونَ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا عَلَى الْآخِرَةِ بِئْسَ لِلظَّالِمِينَ بَدَلًا أَعْطُوهُ مَا جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ لَا تَتَوَلَّوْا عَنْهُ مُدْبِرِينَ وَ لَا تَرْتَدُّوا عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ فَتَنْقَلِبُوا خاسِرِينَ
So what is the matter with you all overriding about him-asws and changing upon his-asws rights, and preferring the life of the world over the Hereafter. Evil it is for the unjust ones as a replacement. Give him-asws what Allah-azwj had Made it to be for him-asws, and do not turn around backwards from him-asws nor renege upon your heels, for you will overturn to be losers’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَا تَجْحَدْ حَقّاً جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لِغَيْرِكَ وَ لَا تَكُنْ أَوَّلَ مَنْ عَصَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي وَصِيِّهِ وَ صَفِيِّهِ وَ صَدَفَ عَنْ أَمْرِهِ ارْدُدِ الْحَقَّ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ تَسْلَمْ وَ لَا تَتَمَادَ فِي غَيِّكَ فَتَنْدَمَ وَ بَادِرِ الْإِنَابَةَ يَخِفَّ وِزْرُكَ
The Ubay Bin Ka’ab stood up and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Do not reject right which Allah-azwj has Made to be for others, nor become the first one to disobey Rasool-Allah-saww regarding his-saww successor-asws and his-saww Elite, and turn away from his-saww orders. Return the truth to its rightful one-asws. Submit and do not continue in your error, for you will regret, and take a representative step in lightening your burden.
وَ لَا تُخَصِّصْ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَجْعَلْهُ اللَّهُ لَكَ نَفْسَكَ فَتَلْقَى وَبَالَ عَمَلِكَ فَعَنْ قَلِيلٍ تُفَارِقُ مَا أَنْتَ فِيهِ وَ تَصِيرُ إِلَى رَبِّكَ فَيَسْأَلُكَ عَمَّا جَنَيْتَ وَ ما رَبُّكَ بِظَلَّامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ
And do not specialise yourself with this command which Allah-azwj did not Make it to be for you, for you will face the evil results of your deeds, for after a little while, you will separate from what you are in and you will come to your Lord-azwj, and He-azwj will Question you about what crime you committed, and your Lord-azwj is not the least unjust to the servants’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ خُزَيْمَةُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَبِلَ شَهَادَتِي وَحْدِي وَ لَمْ يُرِدْ مَعِي غَيْرِي قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ فَأَشْهَدُ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَقُولُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي يَفْرُقُونَ بَيْنَ الْحَقِّ وَ الْبَاطِلِ وَ هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ الَّذِينَ يُقْتَدَى بِهِمْ وَ قَدْ قُلْتُ مَا عَلِمْتُ وَ ما عَلَى الرَّسُولِ إِلَّا الْبَلاغُ الْمُبِينُ
Then Khuzeyman Bin Sabit stood up and said, ‘O you people! Don’t you know that Rasool-Allah-saww accepted my lone testimony and did not refer to anyone (else) with me?’ They said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So, I hereby testify that I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household are distinguisher between the truth and the falsehood, and they-asws are the Imams-asws, those one can be guided by them-asws, and I-saww have said it: and it is not upon the Rasool except for the clear delivery (of the Message)’ [24:54]’’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التَّيِّهَانِ فَقَالَ وَ أَنَا أَشْهَدُ عَلَى نَبِيِّنَا ص أَنَّهُ أَقَامَ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَعْنِي فِي يَوْمِ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ
Then Abu Al-Haysam Bin Al-Tayhan stood up and said, ‘And I testify upon our Prophet-saww that he-saww has established Ali-asws, meaning during the day of Ghadeer Khumm’.
فَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ مَا أَقَامَهُ إِلَّا لِلْخِلَافَةِ وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ مَا أَقَامَهُ إِلَّا لِيَعْلَمَ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ مَوْلَى مَنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَوْلَاهُ وَ أَكْثَرُوا الْخَوْضَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَبَعَثْنَا رِجَالًا مِنَّا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَسَأَلُوهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ
The Helpers has said, ‘He-saww did not establish him-asws except for the caliphate’. And some of them said, ‘He-saww did not establish him-asws except for the people to know he-asws is a Master-asws of the one Rasool-Allah-saww was his Master-saww’, and the discussion regarding that was a lot, so we sent men from us to Rasool-Allah-saww and they asked him-saww about that.
فَقَالَ قُولُوا لَهُمْ عَلِيٌّ ع وَلِيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بَعْدِي وَ أَنْصَحُ النَّاسِ لِأُمَّتِي وَ قَدْ شَهِدْتُ بِمَا حَضَرَنِي فَمَنْ شاءَ فَلْيُؤْمِنْ وَ مَنْ شاءَ فَلْيَكْفُرْ إِنَّ يَوْمَ الْفَصْلِ كانَ مِيقاتاً
He-saww said: ‘Say to them, ‘Ali-asws is a guardian of the Momineen after me-saww, and the most advising of the people for my-saww community, and those who were present with me-saww had witnessed, So the one who so desires to, let him believe, and the one who so desires to, let him disbelieve’. [18:29]’’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ سَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ اشْهَدُوا عَلَيَّ أَنِّي أَشْهَدُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ فِي هَذَا الْمَكَانِ يَعْنِي الرَّوْضَةَ وَ هُوَ آخِذٌ بِيَدِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ
Then Sahl Bin Huneyf stood up, and he praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj and sent Salawat upon the Prophet-saww Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws, then said, ‘O community of Quraysh! Bear witness upon me that I testify upon Rasool-Allah-saww, and I had seen him-saww in this place, meaning the orchard, and he-saww had held a hand of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and he-saww was saying:
أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ هَذَا عَلِيٌّ إِمَامُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ وَصِيِّي فِي حَيَاتِي وَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِي وَ قَاضِي دَينِي وَ مُنْجِزُ وَعْدِي وَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ يُصَافِحُنِي عَلَى حَوْضِي فَطُوبَى لِمَنْ تَبِعَهُ وَ نَصَرَهُ وَ الْوَيْلُ لِمَنْ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُ وَ خَذَلَهُ
‘This Ali-asws is your Imam-asws from after me-saww, and my-saww successor during my-saww lifetime, and after my-saww expiry, and payer of my-saww debts, and fulfiller of my-saww promised, and the first one to shake my-saww hand at my-saww Fountain. So, beatitude is for the one who follows him-asws, and helps him-asws, and the woe be for the one who stays behind from him-asws, and abandons him-asws’’.
وَ قَامَ مَعَهُ أَخُوهُ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ فَقَالَ سَمِعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي نُجُومُ الْأَرْضِ فَلَا تَتَقَدَّمُوهُمْ وَ قَدِّمُوهُمْ فَهُمُ الْوُلَاةُ بَعْدِي فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ أَيُّ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ فَقَالَ ص عَلَيٌّ وَ الطَّاهِرُونَ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ
And his brother Usman Bin Huneyf stood with him. He said, ‘We heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household are stars of the earth, so do not be preceding them-asws, and advance them-asws, for they-asws are the rulers after me-saww’. So a man stood up to him-saww and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And which People-asws of your-saww Household?’ He-saww said: ‘Ali-asws and the pure one from his-asws sons-asws’.
وَ قَدْ بَيَّنَ ع فَلَا تَكُنْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَوَّلَ كافِرٍ بِهِ وَ لا تَخُونُوا اللَّهَ وَ الرَّسُولَ وَ تَخُونُوا أَماناتِكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
And it has become clear, O Abu Bakr, and do not become the first disbeliever by it [2:41] Do not betray Allah and the Rasool and betray your entrustment while you know [8:27]’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَ رُدُّوا إِلَيْهِمْ حَقَّهُمُ الَّذِي جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ فَقَدْ سَمِعْتُمْ مِثْلَ مَا سَمِعَ إِخْوَانُنَا فِي مَقَامٍ بَعْدَ مَقَامٍ لِنَبِيِّنَا ع وَ مَجْلِسٍ بَعْدَ مَجْلِسٍ يَقُولُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي أَئِمَّتُكُمْ بَعْدِي
Then Abu Ayoub Al-Ansari stood up and said, ‘Fear Allah-azwj regarding People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww, and return their-asws rights to them-asws which Allah-azwj has Made to be for them-asws, for you have heard what our brothers have heard in place after a place of our Prophet-saww, and gathering after a gathering saying: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household are your Imams-asws after me;
وَ يُومِئُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع وَ يَقُولُ هَذَا أَمِيرُ الْبَرَرَةِ وَ قَاتِلُ الْكَفَرَةِ مَخْذُولٌ مَنْ خَذَلَهُ مَنْصُورٌ مَنْ نَصَرَهُ فَتُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ ظُلْمِكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَوَّابٌ رَحِيمٌ وَ لَا تَتَوَلَّوْا عَنْهُ مُدْبِرِينَ وَ لَا تَتَوَلَّوْا عَنْهُ مُعْرِضِينَ
And he-saww had gestured towards Ali-asws and said: ‘This is Emir of the righteous ones and killer of the disbelievers. Abandoned the one who abandons him-asws, and Helped is the one who helps him-asws, therefore repent to Allah-azwj from your injustices, surely Allah-azwj is oft-Turning, Merciful, and do not turn around backwards from him, and do not turn around from him-asws, turning away from him-asws’.
قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع فَأُفْحِمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ حَتَّى لَمْ يُحِرْ جَوَاباً ثُمَّ قَالَ وَلِيتُكُمْ وَ لَسْتُ بِخَيْرِكُمْ أَقِيلُونِي أَقِيلُونِي
Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Abu Bakr was confounded upon the pulpit to the extent that he could not respond with an answer. Then he said, ‘I am your ruler and I am not the best one of you. Dismiss me! Dismiss me!’
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ انْزِلْ عَنْهَا يَا لُكَعُ إِذَا كُنْتَ لَا تَقُومُ بِحُجَجِ قُرَيْشٍ لِمَ أَقَمْتَ نَفْسَكَ هَذَا الْمَقَامَ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَخْلَعَكَ وَ أَجْعَلَهَا فِي سَالِمٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ
Umar Bin Al-Khattab said, ‘Come down from it, O vile (evil) one, when you were not going to stand with argumentation of Quraysh, you did not stand yourself in this place. By Allah-azwj! I had thought of vacating you and making it to be in Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa’.
قَالَ فَنَزَلَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ وَ انْطَلَقَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ وَ بَقُوا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ لَا يَدْخُلُونَ مَسْجِدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الرَّابِعِ جَاءَهُمْ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَ مَعَهُ أَلْفُ رَجُلٍ وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ مَا جُلُوسُكُمْ فَقَدْ طَمَعَ فِيهَا وَ اللَّهِ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ
He-asws said: ‘He came down, then held his hand and went to his house, and they remained for three days not entering the Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww. When it was the fourth day, Khalid Bin Al-Waleed came to them and with him were a thousand men, and he said to them, ‘Why are you not gathering and the Clan of Hashim-asws are eager for it’.
وَ جَاءَهُمْ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَ مَعَهُ أَلْفُ رَجُلٍ وَ جَاءَهُمْ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ وَ مَعَهُ أَلْفُ رَجُلٍ فَمَا زَالَ يَجْتَمِعُ رَجُلٌ رَجُلٌ حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ رَجُلٍ فَخَرَجُوا شَاهِرِينَ أَسْيَافَهُمْ يَقْدُمُهُمْ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ حَتَّى وَقَفُوا بِمَسْجِدِ النَّبِيِّ ص
And Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa came to them and with him were a thousand men, and Muaz Bin Jabal came to them and with him were a thousand men. Men after men did not cease to gather until four thousand men had gathered, and they came out brandishing their swords, leading them was Umar Bin Al-Khattab, until they paused at the Masjid of the Prophet-saww.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَ اللَّهِ يَا صَحَابَةَ عَلِيٍّ لَئِنْ ذَهَبَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْكُمْ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِالَّذِي تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ بِالْأَمْسِ لَنَأْخُذَنَّ الَّذِي فِيهِ عَيْنَاهُ
Umar said, ‘By Allah-azwj, O companions of Ali-asws! If the man from you were to go around speaking with that which was spoken with yesterday, we shall seize that which is in his eyes’.
فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ الْحَبَشِيَّةِ أَ بِأَسْيَافِكُمْ تُهَدِّدُونَّا أَمْ بِجَمْعِكُمْ تُفْزِعُونَّا وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أَسْيَافَنَا أَحَدُّ مِنْ أَسْيَافِكُمْ وَ إِنَّا لَأَكْثَرُ مِنْكُمْ وَ إِنْ كُنَّا قَلِيلِينَ لِأَنَّ حُجَّةَ اللَّهِ فِينَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَا أَنِّي أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ طَاعَةَ إِمَامِي أَوْلَى بِي لَشَهَرْتُ سَيَفِي وَ لَجَاهَدْتُكُمْ فِي اللَّهِ إِلَى أَنْ أُبْلِيَ عُذْرِي
Khalid Bin Saeed Bin Al-Aas stood up to him and said, ‘O Ibn Suhaak the wicked! Are you limiting us with your swords or alarming us with your gathering? By Allah-azwj! Our swords are sharper than your swords, and we are more than you are, and even though they are few (in number), because the Divine Authority of Allah-azwj is among us. By Allah-azwj! Had I not known that obedience to my Imam-asws is foremost with me, I would have unsheathed my sword and fought you for the Sake of Allah-azwj until my excuse was done’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اجْلِسْ يَا خَالِدُ فَقَدْ عَرَفَ اللَّهُ مَقَامَكَ وَ شَكَرَ لَكَ سَعْيَكَ فَجَلَسَ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to him: ‘Be seated, O Khalid, for Allah-azwj has Recognised your stand and Thanks you for your effort’. So, he sat down.
وَ قَامَ إِلَيْهِ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ إِلَّا صَمَّتَا يَقُولُ بَيْنَا أَخِي وَ ابْنُ عَمِّي جَالِسٌ فِي مَسْجِدِي مَعَ نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ إِذْ يَكْبِسُهُ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ كِلَابِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ يُرِيدُونَ قَتْلَهُ وَ قَتْلَ مَنْ مَعَهُ وَ لَسْتُ أَشُكُّ إِلَّا وَ إِنَّكُمْ هُمْ
And Salman Al-Farsi-ra stood up to him and said, ‘Allah-azwj is the Greatest! Allah-azwj is the Greatest! I-ra have heard Rasool-Allah-saww, or else I-ra be mute, saying: ‘While my-saww brother-asws and son-asws of my-saww uncle-as would be seated in my-saww Masjid along with a number of his-asws companions, when he-asws would be pressurised by a group from the dogs, inhabitants of the Fire, intending to kill him-asws, and kill the ones with him-asws’, and I have no doubt except that you are they’.
فَهَمَّ بِهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ فَوَثَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ أَخَذَ بِمَجَامِعِ ثَوْبِهِ ثُمَّ جَلَدَ بِهِ الْأَرْضَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ الْحَبَشِيَّةِ لَوْ لا كِتابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ وَ عَهْدٌ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص تَقَدَّمَ لَأَرَيْتُكَ أَيُّنَا أَضْعَفُ ناصِراً وَ أَقَلُّ عَدَداً
Umar Bin Al-Khattab thought of killing him, so Amir Al-Momineen-asws leapt up and grabbed the generality of his clothes, then brought him down to the ground, then said: ‘O son of Suhaak, the wicked! If there had not preceded a Book from Allah-azwj and a pact from Rasool-Allah-saww preceded, I-asws would have shown which of us is with weaker helpers and fewer number [72:24]’.
ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ انْصَرِفُوا رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَا دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ إِلَّا كَمَا دَخَلَ أَخَوَايَ مُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ إِذْ قَالَ لَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ فَاذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَ رَبُّكَ فَقاتِلا إِنَّا هاهُنا قاعِدُونَ
Then he-asws turned towards his-asws companions and said: ‘Leave, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, for by Allah-azwj I-asws did not enter the Masjid except just as my-asws brothers-as Musa-as and Haroun-as had entered, when his-as companions said to him, therefore you and your Lord should both go and fight, we will be sitting over here’ [5:24].
وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَدْخُلُ إِلَّا لِزِيَارَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَوْ لِقَضِيَّةٍ أَقْضِيهَا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ لِحُجَّةٍ أَقَامَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُتْرَكَ النَّاسُ فِي حَيْرَةٍ.
By Allah-azwj! I-asws did not enter except for visiting (Ziyarat) of Rasool-Allah-saww, or a need I-asws could fulfil, for it is not allowed for a Divine Authority Rasool-Allah-saww had established, that he-asws should leave the people in confusion’’.[2]
3- ج، الإحتجاج عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ: ثُمَّ إِنَّ عُمَرَ احْتَزَمَ بِإِزَارِهِ وَ جَعَلَ يَطُوفُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَ يُنَادِي أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَدْ بُويِعَ لَهُ فَهَلُمُّوا إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ فَيَنْثَالُ النَّاسُ فَيُبَايِعُونَ فَعَرَفَ أَنَّ جَمَاعَةً فِي بُيُوتٍ مُسْتَتِرُونَ فَكَانَ يَقْصِدُهُمْ فِي جَمْعٍ فَيَكْبِسُهُمْ وَ يُحْضِرُهُمْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَيُبَايِعُونَ حَتَّى إِذَا مَضَتْ أَيَّامٌ أَقْبَلَ فِي جَمْعٍ كَثِيرٍ إِلَى مَنْزِلِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – From Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman who said,
‘Then Umar picked up his trouser and circled Al-Medina and he was calling out, ‘Abu Bakr has been pledged to, so come to the allegiance!’ He was coercing the people to pledge allegiance. It was recognised that there was a group hiding in the houses, and he aimed for them, and pressurised them and presenting them in the Masjid, and they were pledging allegiances until when the days passed, he came among a large group to the house of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws.
فَطَالَبَهُ بِالْخُرُوجِ فَأَبَى فَدَعَا عُمَرُ بِحَطَبٍ وَ نَارٍ وَ قَالَ وَ الَّذِي نَفْسُ عُمَرَ بِيَدِهِ لَيَخْرُجَنَّ أَوْ لَأُحْرِقَنَّهُ عَلَى مَا فِيهِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ إِنَّ فِيهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ وُلْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ آثَارَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَأَنْكَرَ النَّاسُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ
He sought him-asws for the coming out, but he-asws refused. So, Umar called for the firewood and the fire and said, ‘By the One-azwj in Whose Hand is the soul of Umar! Either he-asws comes out or I shall burn it down upon whatever (whoever) is in it’. It was said to him, ‘Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww is in it and so are the children of Rasool-Allah-saww, and belongings of Rasool-Allah-saww’, and the people denied that from his words.
فَلَمَّا عَرَفَ إِنْكَارَهُمْ قَالَ مَا بَالُكُمْ أَ تَرَوْنِي فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ التَّهْوِيلَ فَرَاسَلَهُمْ عَلِيٌّ أَنْ لَيْسَ إِلَى خُرُوجِي حِيلَةٌ لِأَنِّي فِي جَمْعِ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي قَدْ نَبَذْتُمُوهُ وَ أَلْهَتْكُمُ الدُّنْيَا عَنْهُ وَ قَدْ حَلَفْتُ أَنْ لَا أَخْرُجَ مِنْ بَيْتِي وَ لَا أَضَعَ رِدَائِي عَلَى عَاتِقِي حَتَّى أَجْمَعَ الْقُرْآنَ
When he recognised their denials, he said, ‘What is the matter with you all? Do you see me doing that? But rather, I intended the intimidation. Ali-asws sent them a message: ‘There isn’t any way to my-asws coming out because I-asws am in the midst of collecting the Book of Allah-azwj which you have rejected and made the world to be your god instead of it, and I-asws have sworn that I-asws will not come out from my-asws house, nor place my-asws robe upon my-asws shoulders until I-asws collect the Quran’.
قَالَ وَ خَرَجَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِلَيْهِمْ فَوَقَفَتْ عَلَى الْبَابِ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ لَا عَهْدَ لِي بِقَوْمٍ أَسْوَأَ مَحْضَراً مِنْكُمْ تَرَكْتُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ جِنَازَةً بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا وَ قَطَعْتُمْ أَمْرَكُمْ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ فَلَمْ تُؤَمِّرُونَا وَ لَمْ تَرَوْا لَنَا حَقَّنَا كَأَنَّكُمْ لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا مَا قَالَ يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww came out to them and paused at the door, then she-asws said: ‘There is no pact for me-asws with a people of worst presence than you all. You neglected the funeral of Rasool-Allah-saww in front of us and cut out your matter in what is between you, so you did not give us-asws the command and did not see any rights being for us-asws. It is as if you do not know what was said on the day of Ghadeer Khumm.
وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَقَدَ لَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْوَلَاءَ لِيَقْطَعَ مِنْكُمْ بِذَلِكَ مِنْهَا الرَّجَاءَ وَ لَكِنَّكُمْ قَطَعْتُمُ الْأَسْبَابَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَ بَيْنَ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَ اللَّهُ حَسِيبٌ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَكُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ.
By Allah-azwj! The governance had been vowed for him-asws on that day, of the hopes from you all to be cut off from it with that, but you cut off the means between you and your Prophet-saww, and Allah-azwj will Reckon between us-asws and you all in the world and the Hereafter’’.[3]
4- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي بِإِسْنَادٍ سَيَأْتِي فِي بَابِ أَحْوَالِ إِبْلِيسَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: تَمَثَّلَ إِبْلِيسُ فِي أَرْبَعِ صُوَرٍ تَصَوَّرَ يَوْمَ قُبِضَ النَّبِيُّ ص فِي صُورَةِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ لَا تَجْعَلُوهَا كِسْرَوَانِيَّةً وَ لَا قَيْصَرَانِيَّةً وَسِّعُوهَا تَتَّسِعْ فَلَا تَرُدُّوهَا فِي بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَيُنْتَظَرَ بِهَا الْحَبَالَى.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi, by a chain I (Majlisi) shall be coming within the chapter of the states of Iblees-la, from Jabir Bin Abdullah Al Ansari having said,
‘Iblees-la resembled in four images. He-la imaged on the day the Prophet-saww passed away, in the image of Al-Mugheira Bin Shu’ba. He-la said, ‘O you people! Do not make it to be like Chosroe followers nor Caesar followers, and expand it with an expansion, so you do not return it to be among the Clan of Hashim-asws. Await the entrapment with it’’.[4]
5- ج، الإحتجاج رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا اسْتُخْرِجَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ خَرَجَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع فَمَا بَقِيَتْ هَاشِمِيَّةٌ إِلَّا خَرَجَتْ مَعَهَا حَتَّى انْتَهَتْ قَرِيباً مِنَ الْقَبْرِ فَقَالَتْ
(The book) ‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – It is reported from Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘When Amir Al-Momineen-asws came out from his-asws house, (Syeda) Fatima-asws (also) came out, and there did not remain any Hashimite woman except she came out with her-asws, until she-asws ended up near the grave (of Rasool-Allah-saww) and she-asws said:
خَلُّوا عَنِ ابْنِ عَمِّي فَوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً بِالْحَقِّ لَئِنْ لَمْ تُخَلُّوا عَنْهُ لَأَنْشُرَنَّ شَعْرِي وَ لَأَضَعَنَّ قَمِيصَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى رَأْسِي وَ لَأَصْرُخَنَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَمَا نَاقَةُ صَالِحٍ بِأَكْرَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنِّي وَ لَا الْفَصِيلُ بِأَكْرَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ وُلْدِي
‘Stay away from the son-asws of my-asws uncle-as, for by the One-azwj Who Sent Muhammad-saww with the truth! If you do not stay away from him-asws, I-asws will expose my-asws hair and place down the shirt of Rasool-Allah-saww upon my-asws head and cry-out to Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted, for the she-camel of Salih-as is not more prestigious to Allah-azwj than I-asws am, nor are (its) calves more prestigious unto Allah-azwj than my-asws children are!’
قَالَ سَلْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كُنْتُ قَرِيباً مِنْهَا فَرَأَيْتُ وَ اللَّهِ أَسَاسَ حِيطَانِ الْمَسْجِدِ مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص تَقَلَّعَتْ مِنْ أَسْفَلِهَا حَتَّى لَوْ أَرَادَ رَجُلٌ أَنْ يَنْفُذَ مِنْ تَحْتِهَا نَفَذَ
Salman-ra said, ‘I-ra near from her-asws and by Allah-azwj I-ra saw the foundations of the Masjid, Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww, uproot from its bottom to the extent that if a man had intended go from under it, could have.
فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهَا فَقُلْتُ يَا سَيِّدَتِي وَ مَوْلَاتِي إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى بَعَثَ أَبَاكِ رَحْمَةً فَلَا تَكُونِي نَقِمَةً
I-ra went near to her-asws and said, ‘O my-ra chieftess and O my-ra Lady-asws! Surely, Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Sent your-asws father-saww as mercy, so don’t become a destroyer’.
فَرَجَعَتْ وَ رَجَعْتِ الْحِيطَانُ حَتَّى سَطَعَتِ الْغَبَرَةُ مِنْ أَسْفَلِهَا فَدَخَلَتْ فِي خَيَاشِيمِنَا.
She-asws returned, and the walls returned until the dust arose from its bottom, and entered into our nostrils’’.[5]
6- ل، الخصال فِيمَا ذَكَرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي جَوَابِ الَّذِي سَأَلَ عَمَّا فِيهِ مِنْ خِصَالِ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ قَالَ ع وَ أَمَّا الثَّانِيَةُ يَا أَخَا الْيَهُودِ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَمَّرَنِي فِي حَيَاتِهِ عَلَى جَمِيعِ أُمَّتِهِ وَ أَخَذَ عَلَى جَمِيعِ مَنْ حَضَرَهُ مِنْهُمُ الْبَيْعَةَ وَ السَّمْعَ وَ الطَّاعَةَ لِأَمْرِي وَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُبَلِّغَ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ ذَلِكَ
(The book) ‘Al-Khisaal’ – Among what Amir Al-Momineen-asws mentioned in answer to the one who had asked about what was in him-asws from the qualities of the successors-as, he-asws said: ‘And as for the second, O Jewish brother! Rasool-Allah-saww had made me-asws an Emir (ruler) during his-saww lifetime over the entirety of his-saww community, and took the allegiance upon the entirety of the ones who were present, and the obedience to my-asws orders, and instructed them that the ones present should deliver that to the absentee.
فَكُنْتُ الْمُؤَدِّيَ إِلَيْهِمْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَمْرَهُ إِذَا حَضَرْتُهُ وَ الْأَمِيرَ عَلَى مَنْ حَضَرَنِي مِنْهُمْ إِذَا فَارَقْتُهُ لَا تَخْتَلِجُ فِي نَفْسِي مُنَازَعَةُ أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْخَلْقِ لِي فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ فِي حَيَاةِ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ لَا بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ
So, I-asws was the performer to them on behalf of the Rasool-Allah-saww of his-saww instructions when present to him-saww, and was the Emir upon the ones of them presenting to me-asws. When I-asws used to separate from them, I-asws did not think within myself-asws that anyone from the people would dispute to me-asws regarding anything from the command during the lifetime of the Prophet-saww nor after his-saww expiry.
ثُمَّ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِتَوْجِيهِ الْجَيْشِ الَّذِي وَجَّهَهُ مَعَ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عِنْدَ الَّذِي أَحْدَثَ اللَّهُ بِهِ مِنَ الْمَرَضِ الَّذِي تَوَفَّاهُ فِيهِ فَلَمْ يَدَعِ النَّبِيُّ ص أَحَداً مِنْ أَفْنَاءِ الْعَرَبِ وَ لَا مِنَ الْأَوْسِ وَ الْخَزْرَجِ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ مِنْ سَائِرِ النَّاسِ مِمَّنْ يَخَافُ عَلَى نَقْضِهِ وَ مُنَازَعَتِهِ وَ لَا أَحَداً مِمَّنْ يَرَانِي بِعَيْنِ الْبَغْضَاءِ مِمَّنْ قَدْ وَتَرْتُهُ بِقَتْلِ أَبِيهِ أَوْ أَخِيهِ أَوْ حَمِيمِهِ إِلَّا وَجَّهَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْجَيْشِ
Then Rasool-Allah-saww ordered for sending of the army, which he-saww sent with Usama Bin Zayd, during the occurrence of the illness from Allah-azwj with him-saww in which he-saww passed away, so Rasool-Allah-saww did not leave anyone from the unknowns of the Arabs, nor from Al-Aws and Al-Khazraj, and from the rest of the people from the ones he-saww feared upon his breaking (the pact), and his contention, nor anyone from the ones who saw me-asws with the eye of hatred, from the one whom I-asws had agitated by either killing his father, or his brother, or his friend, except he-saww diverted him to be in that army.
وَ لَا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ وَ الْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ لِتَصْفُوَ قُلُوبُ مَنْ يَبْقَى مَعِي بِحَضْرَتِهِ وَ لِئَلَّا يَقُولَ قَائِلٌ شَيْئاً مِمَّا أَكْرَهُهُ وَ لَا يَدْفَعَنِي دَافِعٌ عَنِ الْوِلَايَةِ وَ الْقِيَامِ بِأَمْرِ رَعِيَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ
Nor from the Emigrants and the Helpers, and the Muslims, and other, and the ones of deviated (devious) hearts, and the hypocrites, in order to clear the hearts of the ones who remained with me-asws in his-saww presence, and lest a speaker says anything from what I-asws might dislike, nor a repeller repelling me-asws from the governance and the standing with the command of his-saww citizens from after him-saww.
ثُمَّ كَانَ آخِرَ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ أُمَّتِهِ أَنْ يَمْضِيَ جَيْشُ أُسَامَةَ وَ لَا يَتَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُ أَحَدٌ مِمَّنْ أَنْهَضَ مَعَهُ وَ تَقَدَّمَ فِي ذَلِكَ أَشَدَّ التَّقَدُّمِ وَ أَوْعَزَ فِيهِ أَبْلَغَ الْإِيعَازِ وَ أَكَّدَ فِيهِ أَكْثَرَ التَّأْكِيدِ
Then it was the last of what he-saww spoke with regarding something from the matters of his-saww community is: ‘Enforce the army of Usama and no one should stay behind from it!’ From the ones whom he-saww had urged to go with him, and advanced regarding that with the most intense of the advances, and communicated regarding it with the most far reaching of the communications, and emphasised regarding it with the most frequent of the emphasis.
فَلَمْ أَشْعُرْ بَعْدَ أَنْ قُبِضَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِلَّا بِرِجَالٍ مِنْ بَعْثِ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ وَ أَهْلِ عَسْكَرِهِ قَدْ تَرَكُوا مَرَاكِزَهُمْ وَ أَخْلَوْا بِمَوَاضِعِهِمْ وَ خَالَفُوا أَمْرَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِيمَا أَنْهَضَهُمْ لَهُ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ بِهِ وَ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ مُلَازَمَةِ أَمِيرِهِمْ وَ السَّيْرِ مَعَهُ تَحْتَ لِوَائِهِ حَتَّى يُنْفَذَ لِوَجْهِهِ الَّذِي أَنْفَذَهُ إِلَيْهِ
I-asws was not aware afterwards that the passing away of the Prophet-saww except with the departure of Usama Bin Zayd and the people of his army, that they had left their positions, and vacated their places, and opposed the orders of Rasool-Allah-saww regarding what he-saww had sent them to, and had ordered them with, and proceeded to them of the necessitation of their commander, and the travelling with him under his flag, until they had implemented to his-saww direction which he-saww had enforced to it.
فَخَلَّفُوا أَمِيرَهُمْ مُقِيماً فِي عَسْكَرِهِ وَ أَقْبَلُوا يَتَبَادَرُونَ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ رَكْضاً إِلَى حَلِّ عُقْدَةٍ عَقَدَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رَسُولُهُ لِي فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمْ فَحَلُّوهَا وَ عَهْدٍ عَاهَدُوا اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ فَنَكَثُوهُ وَ عَقَدُوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ عَقْداً ضَجَّتْ بِهِ أَصْوَاتُهُمْ وَ اخْتَصَّتْ بِهِ آرَاؤُهُمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ مُنَاظَرَةٍ لِأَحَدٍ مِنَّا بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَوْ مُشَارَكَةٍ فِي رَأْيٍ أَوِ اسْتِقَالَةٍ لِمَا فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمْ مِنْ بَيْعَتِي
But, they opposed their commander standing among his soldiers and they returned rushing upon the running horses to loosen a knot which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Tied for me-asws in their necks. So they loosened it and the pact which Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww had pacted, and they broke it and tied a pact for themselves clamouring their voices with it, and particularised their views with it from without any debate to anyone from us-asws, sons of Abdul Muttalib-asws, or participating in any viewpoint, or dismissing of what was in their necks of my-asws allegiance.
فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ وَ أَنَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ مَشْغُولٌ وَ بِتَجْهِيزِهِ عَنْ سَائِرِ الْأَشْيَاءِ مَصْدُودٌ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ أَهَمَّهَا وَ أَحَقَّ مَا بُدِئَ بِهِ مِنْهَا فَكَانَ هَذَا يَا أَخَا الْيَهُودِ أَقْرَحَ مَا وَرَدَ عَلَى قَلْبِي مَعَ الَّذِي أَنَا فِيهِ مِنْ عَظِيمِ الرَّزِيَّةِ وَ فَاجِعِ الْمُصِيبَةِ وَ فَقْدِ مَنْ لَا خَلَفَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى
They did that while I-asws was with Rasool-Allah-saww, pre-occupied, and with the preparation, blocked from the rest of the things, for it was more important and more rightful to begin with that it. So this was, O Jewish brother, most injurious of what had come upon my-asws heart, along with that which I-asws was (busy) in, from the mighty catastrophe, and the tragic calamity, and loss of one-saww, there is not replacement from it, except Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted.
فَصَبَرْتُ عَلَيْهَا إِذْ أَتَتْ بَعْدَ أُخْتِهَا عَلَى تَقَارُبِهَا وَ سُرْعَةِ اتِّصَالِهَا .
So, I-asws was patient upon it. Then its sister (counterpart) came after him upon its nearness and quickness of its connection’.
ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ ع إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَ لَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ قَالُوا بَلَى يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع
Then he-asws turned towards his-asws companions and he-asws said: ‘Wasn’t it like that?’ They said, ‘Yes, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws’’.[6]
7- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنِ النَّهِيكِيِّ عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ: كَانَ الَّذِينَ أَنْكَرُوا عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ جُلُوسَهُ فِي الْخِلَافَةِ وَ تَقَدُّمَهُ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Barqy, from his father, from his grandfather, from Al Naheyki, from Khalaf Bin Salim, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far, from Shu’ba, from Usman Bin Al Mugheira, from Zayd Bin Wahab who said,
‘Those who had denied upon Abu Bakr of his sitting in the caliphate and his preceding upon Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, were twelve men from the Emigrants and the Helpers.
كَانَ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ خَالِدُ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ وَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ وَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ وَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَ بُرَيْدَةُ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ
From the Emigrants were – Khalid Bin Saeed Bin Al-Aas, and Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad, and Ubayy Bin Ka’b, and Ammar Bin Yasser, and Abu Zarr Al-Ghifari-ra, and Salman Al-Farsi-ra, and Abdullah Bin Masoud, and Bureyda Al-Aslami.
وَ كَانَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ خُزَيْمَةُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ذُو الشَّهَادَتَيْنِ وَ سَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ وَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ وَ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التَّيِّهَانِ وَ غَيْرُهُمْ
And from the Helpers were – Khuzeyman Bin Sabit (titled as) ‘One with two testimonies’, and Sahl Bin Huneyf, and Abu Ayoub Al-Ansari, and Abu Al-Haysam Bin Al-Tayham, and others.
فَلَمَّا صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ تَشَاوَرُوا بَيْنَهُمْ فِي أَمْرِهِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ هَلَّا نَأْتِيهِ فَنُنْزِلَهُ عَنْ مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَالَ آخَرُونَ إِنْ فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ أَعَنْتُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ وَ لَكِنِ امْضُوا بِنَا إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع نَسْتَشِيرُهُ وَ نَسْتَطْلِعُ أَمْرَهُ
When he (Abu Bakr) ascended the pulpit, they consulted between them regarding his command. One of them said, ‘Come, let us go to him and bring him down from the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww’, and others said, ‘If you were to do that, you will be assisting against yourselves, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Said: and cast not yourselves to destruction with your own hands [2:195]. But, let us go to Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws, consult him-asws and be notified of his-asws instructions’.
فَأَتَوْا عَلِيّاً ع فَقَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ضَيَّعْتَ نَفْسَكَ وَ تَرَكْتَ حَقّاً أَنْتَ أَوْلَى بِهِ وَ قَدْ أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نَأْتِيَ الرَّجُلَ فَنُنْزِلَهُ عَنْ مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَإِنَّ الْحَقَّ حَقُّكَ وَ أَنْتَ أَوْلَى بِالْأَمْرِ مِنْهُ فَكَرِهْنَا أَنْ نُنْزِلَهُ مِنْ دُونِ مُشَاوَرَتِكَ
They came to Ali-asws and they said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! You-asws have weakened yourself-asws and left a right which you-asws were foremost with it, and we wanted to go to the man and bring him down from the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww. So, if the right is your-asws right and you-asws are foremost with the command than him, we would dislike it for us to bring him down without having consulted you-asws’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عَلِيٌّ ع لَوْ فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ مَا كُنْتُمْ إِلَّا حَرْباً لَهُمْ وَ لَا كُنْتُمْ إِلَّا كَالْكُحْلِ فِي الْعَيْنِ أَوْ كَالْمِلْحِ فِي الزَّادِ وَ قَدِ اتَّفَقَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْأُمَّةُ التَّارِكَةُ لِقَوْلِ نَبِيِّهَا وَ الْكَاذِبَةُ عَلَى رَبِّهَا وَ لَقَدْ شَاوَرْتُ فِي ذَلِكَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي فَأَبَوْا إِلَّا السُّكُوتَ لِمَا يَعْلَمُونَ مِنْ وَغْرِ صُدُورِ الْقَوْمِ وَ بُغْضِهِمْ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لِأَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّهِ وَ أَنَّهُمْ يُطَالِبُونَ بِثَأْرَاتِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ
Ali-asws said to them: ‘If you were to do that, you would not be except at war to them, and you would not be except like the kohl in the eyes or like the salt in the food, and the community, the neglecter of the words of its Prophet-saww, has agreed upon him, and the belie upon its Lord-azwj, has agreed upon him, and I-asws have not consulted my-asws family members regarding that and they have refused except for the silence to what they know of the venom in the chests of the people, and their hatred to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and to the People-asws of the Household of His-azwj Prophet-saww, and they are seeking revenge of the pre-Islamic period.
وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ لَشَهَرُوا سُيُوفَهُمْ مُسْتَعِدِّينَ لِلْحَرْبِ وَ الْقِتَالِ كَمَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ حَتَّى قَهَرُونِي وَ غَلَبُونِي عَلَى نَفْسِي وَ لَبَّبُونِي وَ قَالُوا لِي بَايِعْ وَ إِلَّا قَتَلْنَاكَ فَلَمْ أَجِدْ حِيلَةً إِلَّا أَنْ أَدْفَعَ الْقَوْمَ عَنْ نَفْسِي
By Allah-azwj! If you were to do that, you will be unsheathing your swords preparing for the war and the fighting, just as they would be doing that, until they forced me-asws and overcome upon myself-asws until they would call me-asws and say to me-asws, ‘Either pledge allegiance or we will kill you-asws’. So I-asws will not find any choice except to defend myself-asws from the people.
وَ ذَاكَ أَنِّي ذَكَرْتُ قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ نَقَضُوا أَمْرَكَ وَ اسْتَبَدُّوا بِهَا دُونَكَ وَ عَصَوْنِي فِيكَ فَعَلَيْكَ بِالصَّبْرِ حَتَّى يُنْزِلَ اللَّهُ الْأَمْرَ وَ إِنَّهُمْ سَيَغْدِرُونَ بِكَ لَا مَحَالَةَ فَلَا تَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ سَبِيلًا إِلَى إِذْلَالِكَ وَ سَفْكِ دَمِكَ
And that is because I-asws remember the words of Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘O Ali-asws! The people will be breaking your-asws orders and tyrannise with it besides you-asws, and disobey me-saww regarding you-asws. Thus, upon you-asws is to be with the patience until Allah-azwj Reveals the matter, and they will be treacherous with you-asws inevitably, so do not make a way to be for them to humiliate you-asws and shed your-asws blood.
فَإِنَّ الْأُمَّةَ سَتَغْدِرُ بِكَ بَعْدِي كَذَلِكَ أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ ع مِنْ رَبِّي تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ لَكِنِ ائْتُوا الرَّجُلَ فَأَخْبِرُوهُ بِمَا سَمِعْتُمْ مِنْ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَ لَا تَدَعُوهُ فِي الشُّبْهَةِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ لِيَكُونَ ذَلِكَ أَعْظَمَ لِلْحُجَّةِ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَبْلَغَ فِي عُقُوبَتِهِ إِذَا أَتَى رَبَّهُ وَ قَدْ عَصَى نَبِيَّهُ وَ خَالَفَ أَمْرَهُ
So if the community were to be treacherous with you-asws after me-saww, like that Jibraeel-as has informed me-saww from my-saww Lord-azwj Blessed and Exalted, but go to the man (Abu Bakr) and inform him with what you had heard from your Prophet-saww, and do not leave him in the doubt of his matter, for that to become the greatest of the arguments against him, and far reaching in its Punishment when he comes to his Lord-azwj, and he would have disobeyed His-azwj Prophet-saww and opposed his-saww orders’.
قَالَ فَانْطَلَقُوا حَتَّى حَفُّوا بِمِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ فَقَالُوا لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بَدَأَ بِكُمْ فِي الْقُرْآنِ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ تابَ اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَ الْمُهاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصارِ فَبِكُمْ بَدَأَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘They went until they surrounded the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww on the day of Friday. They said to the Emigrants, ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Begun with you in the Quran. He-azwj Said: Allah has Turned (Mercifully) to the Prophet and the Emigrants and the Helpers [9:117]. Thus He-azwj Began with you first’.
فَكَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ بَدَأَ وَ قَامَ خَالِدَ بْنَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ بِإِدْلَالِهِ بِبَنِي أُمَيَّةَ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا تَقَدَّمَ لِعَلِيٍّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَ لَا تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لَنَا وَ نَحْنُ مُحْتَوِشُوهُ فِي يَوْمِ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ وَ قَدْ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى رِجَالٍ مِنَّا ذَوِي قَدْرٍ فَقَالَ مَعَاشِرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ أُوصِيكُمْ بِوَصِيَّةٍ فَاحْفَظُوهَا وَ إِنِّي مُؤَدٍّ إِلَيْكُمْ أَمْراً فَاقْبَلُوهُ
So the first one to begin and stand was Khalid Bin Saeed Bin Al-Aas with his evidence with the clan of Umayya. He said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Fear Allah-azwj! You have known what has preceded for Ali-asws from Rasool-Allah-saww. Indeed! You know that Rasool-Allah-saww had said to us, and we had left him-saww along during the day (battle) of the clan of Qureyza, and he-saww had faced the worthy ones from us. He-saww said: ‘Community of the Emigrants and the Helpers! I-saww bequeath you with a bequest, so preserve it, and I-asws am giving you an order, so accept it.
أَلَا إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع أَمِيرُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ خَلِيفَتِي فِيكُمْ أَوْصَانِي بِذَلِكَ رَبِّي وَ رَبُّكُمْ وَ إِنَّكُمْ إِنْ لَمْ تَحْفَظُوا وَصِيَّتِي فِيهِ وَ تُؤْوُوهُ وَ تَنْصُرُوهُ اخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِي أَحْكَامِكُمْ وَ اضْطَرَبَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَمْرُ دِينِكُمْ وَ وَلِيَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْأَمْرَ شِرَارُكُمْ
Indeed! Ali-asws is your Emir (ruler) from after me-saww, and my-saww caliph among you. My-saww Lord-azwj and your Lord-azwj has Bequeathed to me-saww with that, and if you do not preserve my-saww bequest regarding him-asws, and (do not) shelter him-asws and help him-asws, you will differ in your decisions, and the matters of your Religion would be wavering upon you, and your most evil ones would rule upon you.
أَلَا وَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي هُمُ الْوَارِثُونَ أَمْرِي الْقَائِمُونَ بِأَمْرِ أُمَّتِي اللَّهُمَّ فَمَنْ حَفِظَ فِيهِمْ وَصِيَّتِي فَاحْشُرْهُ فِي زُمْرَتِي وَ اجْعَلْ لَهُ مِنْ مُرَافَقَتِي نَصِيباً يُدْرِكُ بِهِ فَوْزَ الْآخِرَةِ
Indeed! And surely People-asws of my-saww Household, they-asws are the inheritors of my-saww command, the ones standing with the command of my-saww community. O Allah-azwj! The one who preserves my-saww bequest regarding them-asws, Resurrect him in my-saww group, and Make a share to be for him from my-saww friends, coming across the success of the Hereafter by it.
اللَّهُمَّ وَ مَنْ أَسَاءَ خِلَافَتِي فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي فَاحْرِمْهُ الْجَنَّةَ الَّتِي عَرْضُهَا السَّماواتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ
O Allah-azwj! And the one who spoils my-saww caliphate regarding People-asws of my-saww Household, Deprive him the Paradise, the width of it is as the skies and the earth’’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ اسْكُتْ يَا خَالِدُ فَلَسْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشُّورَى وَ لَا مِمَّنْ يُرْضَى بِقَوْلِهِ
Umar Bin Al-Khattab said: ‘Be quiet, O Khalid, for you aren’t from the people to be consulted nor from the ones (with whom) one can be pleased with his words!’
فَقَالَ خَالِدٌ بَلْ اسْكُتْ أَنْتَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ لَتَنْطِقُ بِغَيْرِ لِسَانِكَ وَ تَعْتَصِمُ بِغَيْرِ أَرْكَانِكَ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ قُرَيْشاً لَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ أَلْأَمُهَا حَسَباً وَ أَقَلُّهَا أَدَباً وَ أَخْمَلُهَا ذِكْراً وَ أَقَلُّهَا غَنَاءً عَنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ عَنْ رَسُولِهِ وَ إِنَّكَ لَجَبَانٌ عِنْدَ الْحَرْبِ بَخِيلٌ فِي الْجَدْبِ لَئِيمُ الْعُنْصُرِ مَا لَكَ فِي قُرَيْشٍ مَفْخَرٌ قَالَ فَأَسْكَتَهُ خَالِدٌ فَجَلَسَ
Khalid said, ‘But you keep quiet O son of Al-Khattab! By Allah-azwj! You know that you are speaking with another tongue, and you are hanging without your support. By Allah-azwj! Quraysh know that you are its general one of affiliations, and least of it in etiquettes, and idlest of it of mention, and lowest of it in praise from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and from His-azwj Rasool-saww. You are a coward during the war, stingy during the famine, poorest of the descent. There is no matter of pride for you among Quraysh’. Khalid silenced him and he sat down.
ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ بَعْدَ أَنْ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ أَمَّا بَعْدُ يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ وَ عَلِمَ خِيَارُكُمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ الْأَمْرُ لِعَلِيٍّ ع بَعْدِي ثُمَّ لِلْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ثُمَّ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي مِنْ وُلْدِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع
Then Abu Zarr-ra stood up and said after having praised Allah-azwj and extolling upon Him-azwj, ‘As for after, O community of the Emigrants and the Helpers! You have known, and your good ones have known that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The command is for Ali-asws after me-saww, then for Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, then in the People-asws of my-saww Household from the sons-asws of Al-Husayn-asws’.
فَاطَّرَحْتُمْ قَوْلَ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَ تَنَاسَيْتُمْ مَا أَوْعَزَ إِلَيْكُمْ وَ اتَّبَعْتُمُ الدُّنْيَا وَ تَرَكْتُمْ نَعِيمَ الْآخِرَةِ الْبَاقِيَةِ الَّتِي لَا يُهْدَمُ بُنْيَانُهَا وَ لَا يَزُولُ نَعِيمُهَا وَ لَا يَحْزَنُ أَهْلُهَا وَ لَا يَمُوتُ سُكَّانُهَا
But you rejected the words of your Prophet-saww, and you forgot what he-saww had advised to you and (instead) pursued the world, and you neglected the everlasting bounties of the Hereafter which neither is buildings get destroyed, nor do its bounties decline, nor do its inhabitants grieve, nor do its dwellers die.
وَ كَذَلِكَ الْأُمَمُ الَّتِي كَفَرَتْ بَعْدَ أَنْبِيَائِهَا فَبَدَّلَتْ وَ غَيَّرَتْ فَحَاذَيْتُمُوهَا حَذْوَ الْقُذَّةِ بِالْقُذَّةِ وَ النَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ فَعَمَّا قَلِيلٍ تَذُوقُونَ وَبَالَ أَمْرِكُمْ وَ مَا اللَّهُ بِظَلَّامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ
And like that is how were the communities which disbelieved after their Prophets-as. They replaced, and changed, so you did the same as them, same as the arrow with the arrow (in a quiver), and the slipper with the slipper. After a little while you will be tasting the evil results of your affairs, and Allah-azwj is not the least unjust to the servants’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِلَى مَنْ تُسْنِدُ أَمْرَكَ إِذَا نَزَلَ بِكَ الْقَضَاءُ وَ إِلَى مَنْ تَفْزَعُ إِذَا سُئِلْتَ عَمَّا لَا تَعْلَمُ وَ فِي الْقَوْمِ مَنْ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكَ وَ أَكْثَرُ فِي الْخَيْرِ أَعْلَاماً وَ مَنَاقِبَ مِنْكَ وَ أَقْرَبُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَرَابَةً وَ قِدْمَةً فِي حَيَاتِهِ
The Salman Al-Farsi-ra stood up and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! To whom will you to back up your matter when there befalls with you the decree, and to whom will you panic when you are asked about what you don’t know while there is among the people someone who is more knowledgeable than you are, and more in the good signs and virtues than you, and closer to Rasool-Allah-saww in kinship and advanced during his-saww lifetime.
وَ قَدْ أَوْعَزَ إِلَيْكُمْ فَتَرَكْتُمْ قَوْلَهُ وَ تَنَاسَيْتُمْ وَصِيَّتَهُ فَعَمَّا قَلِيلٍ يَصْفُو لَكَ الْأَمْرُ حِينَ تَزُورُ الْقُبُورَ وَ قَدْ أَثْقَلْتَ ظَهْرَكَ مِنَ الْأَوْزَارِ لَوْ حُمِلْتَ إِلَى قَبْرِكَ لَقَدِمْتَ عَلَى مَا قَدَّمْتَ
And he-saww had advised to you but you neglected his-saww words and forgot his-saww bequest. After a little while it would become clear to you when you visit the graves, and your back would be heavy from the burdens, if these were to be carried to your grave, sending ahead on top of what you have already sent ahead.
فَلَوْ رَاجَعْتَ الْحَقَّ وَ أَنْصَفْتَ أَهْلَهُ لَكَانَ ذَلِكَ نَجَاةً لَكَ يَوْمَ تَحْتَاجُ إِلَى عَمَلِكَ وَ تَفَرَّدُ فِي حُفْرَتِكَ بِذُنُوبِكَ وَ قَدْ سَمِعْتَ كَمَا سَمِعْنَا وَ رَأَيْتَ كَمَا رَأَيْنَا فَلَمْ يَرْدَعْكَ ذَلِكَ عَمَّا أَنْتَ لَهُ فَاعِلٌ فَاللَّهَ اللَّهَ فِي نَفْسِكَ فَقَدْ أَعْذَرَ مَنْ أَنْذَرَ
If only you would return the right and be fair to its people, that would be a salvation for you on the day you will be needy to your deeds, and will be alone with your deeds in your grave, and you have heard as what we heard, and you have seen what we saw, but that did not deter you from what you are doing for it. So, Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj regarding yourself – for he may be excused, one who is warned’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ ره فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ ارْبَعْ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ وَ قِسْ شِبْرَكَ بِفِتْرِكَ وَ الْزَمْ بَيْتَكَ وَ ابْكِ عَلَى خَطِيئَتِكَ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَسْلَمُ لَكَ فِي حَيَاتِكَ وَ مَمَاتِكَ وَ رُدَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ إِلَى حَيْثُ جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رَسُولُهُ ص وَ لَا تَرْكَنْ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا وَ لَا يَغُرَّنَّكَ مَنْ قَدْ تَرَى مِنْ أَوْغَادِهَا
Then Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-ra stood up and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Sit square-legged by yourself, and hold your legs with your palms, and cry upon your mistake, for that would be safer for you during your lifetime and your death, and return this command to where Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and His-azwj Rasool-saww had made it to be, and do not incline to the world, nor let it deceive you, one you have seen to be from its scoundrels (villain).
فَعَمَّا قَلِيلٍ تَضْمَحِلُّ دُنْيَاكَ ثُمَّ تَصِيرُ إِلَى رَبِّكَ فَيَجْزِيكَ بِعَمَلِكَ وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ لِعَلِيٍّ وَ هُوَ صَاحِبُهُ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ نَصَحْتُكَ إِنْ قَبِلْتَ نُصْحِي
After a little while your world will disappear, then you will come to your Lord-azwj, and He-azwj will Recompense you for your deeds, and you have known that this command is for Ali-asws, and he-asws is its (rightful) owner after Rasool-Allah-saww, and I have advised you, if you accept my advice’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ بُرَيْدَةُ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ نَسِيتَ أَمْ تَنَاسَيْتَ أَمْ خَادَعَتْكَ نَفْسُكَ أَ مَا تَذْكُرُ إِذْ أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَسَلَّمْنَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ نَبِيُّنَا بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا
Then Bureyda Al-Aslami stood up and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Have you forgotten or pretending to forget, or are you deceiving yourself? Don’t you remember when Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered us, so we greeted unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’ and our Prophet-saww was in our midst?
فَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ رَبَّكَ وَ أَدْرِكْ نَفْسَكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ لَا تُدْرِكَهَا وَ أَنْقِذْهَا مِنْ هَلَكَتِهَا وَ دَعْ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ وَ كِلْهُ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْكَ وَ لَا تَمَادَ فِي غَيِّكَ وَ ارْجِعْ وَ أَنْتَ تَسْتَطِيعُ الرُّجُوعَ وَ قَدْ مَنَحْتُكَ نُصْحِي وَ بَذَلْتُ لَكَ مَا عِنْدِي وَ إِنْ قَبِلْتَ وُفِّقْتَ وَ رَشَدْتَ
Fear Allah-azwj and rectify yourself before you cannot rectify, and save it from its destruction, and leave this command, and allocate it to the one-asws who is more rightful with it than you are, and do not continue in your error and return while you are able to return, and I have given you my advice, and exerted for you whatever was with me, and if you accept, you will harmonise and be rightly guided’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ وَ عَلِمَ خِيَارُكُمْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مِنْكُمْ وَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ إِنَّمَا تَدَّعُونَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ بِقَرَابَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ تَقُولُونَ إِنَّ السَّابِقَةَ لَنَا
Then Abdullah Bin Masoud stood up and said, ‘O community of Quraysh! You have known, and your good ones know that People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww are closer to Rasool-Allah-saww than you are, and even though you are claiming this command based on the kinship of Rasool-Allah-saww and are saying that you have precedence to us.
فَأَهْلُ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مِنْكُمْ وَ أَقْدَمُ سَابِقَةً مِنْكُمْ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَاحِبُ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّكُمْ فَأَعْطُوهُ مَا جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ لَا تَرْتَدُّوا عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ فَتَنْقَلِبُوا خاسِرِينَ
The People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww are closer to Rasool-Allah-saww than you are, and of more ancient precedence than you and (for) Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is this command after your Prophet-saww, so give him-asws what Allah-azwj has Made to be for him-asws, and do not turn back upon your heels, for you will overturn to be losers’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ ره فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَا تَجْعَلْ لِنَفْسِكَ حَقّاً جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِغَيْرِكَ وَ لَا تَكُنْ أَوَّلَ مَنْ عَصَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ خَالَفَهُ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ ارْدُدِ الْحَقَّ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ يَخِفُّ ظَهْرُكَ وَ يَقِلُّ وِزْرُكَ وَ تَلْقَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ عَنْكَ رَاضٍ ثُمَّ تَصِيرُ إِلَى الرَّحْمَنِ فَيُحَاسِبُكَ بِعَمَلِكَ وَ يَسْأَلُكَ عَمَّا فَعَلْتَ
Then Ammar Bin Yasser stood up and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Do not make a right to be for yourself which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Made it to be for someone else, and do not become the first one to have disobeyed Rasool-Allah-saww and opposed him-saww regarding People-asws of his-saww Household, and return the right to its rightful ones, lighten your back and reduce your burden, and meet Rasool-Allah-azwj and he-saww being pleased about you, then you will come to the Beneficent and He-azwj will Reckon you with your deeds and Question you about what you did’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ خُزَيْمَةُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ذُو الشَّهَادَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَ لَسْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَبِلَ شَهَادَتِي وَحْدِي وَ لَمْ يُرِدْ مَعِي غَيْرِي قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَشْهَدُ بِاللَّهِ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي يَفْرُقُونَ بَيْنَ الْحَقِّ وَ الْبَاطِلِ وَ هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ الَّذِينَ يُقْتَدَى بِهِمْ
Then Khuzeyman Bin Sabit, one with two testimonies, stood up and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Don’t you know that Rasool-Allah-saww accepted my lone testimony and did not refer to anyone else with me?’ He said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So, I hereby testify with Allah-azwj that I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household will be distinguishing between the truth and the falsehood, and they-asws are the Imams-asws (for) those ones (who) can be guided by them-asws’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التَّيِّهَانِ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَشْهَدُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ أَنَّهُ أَقَامَ عَلِيّاً فَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ مَا أَقَامَهُ إِلَّا لِلْخِلَافَةِ وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ مَا أَقَامَهُ إِلَّا لِيُعْلِمَ النَّاسَ أَنَّهُ وَلِيُّ مَنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَوْلَاهُ
Then Abu Al-Haysam Bin Al-Tayhan stood up and said, ‘I testify upon the Prophet-saww that he-saww established Ali-asws, so the Helpers said, ‘He-asws did not establish him-asws except for the caliphate’. And some of them said, ‘He-saww did not establish him-asws except for the people to know that he-asws is a Master-asws of the ones Rasool-Allah-saww was a Master-saww of’.
فَقَالَ ع إِنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي نُجُومُ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ فَقَدِّمُوهُمْ وَ لَا تَقَدَّمُوهُمْ
He-azwj said: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household are stars for the people of the earth, so advance them-asws, and do not be ahead of them-asws’’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ سَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ فَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ إِمَامُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ هُوَ أَنْصَحُ النَّاسِ لِأُمَّتِي
Then Sahl Bin Huneyf stood up and said, ‘I testify that I heard Rasool-Allah-saww say upon the pulpit: ‘Your Imam-asws from after me-saww is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and he-asws is the most advising of the people for my-saww community’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَ رُدُّوا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَدْ سَمِعْتُمْ كَمَا سَمِعْنَا فِي مَقَامٍ بَعْدَ مَقَامٍ مِنْ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُمْ أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْكُمْ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ
Then Abu Ayoub Al-Ansari stood up and said, ‘Fear Allah-azwj regarding People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww and return this command to them-asws, for you have heard as what I heard, in place after a place, from the Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj: ‘They-asws are foremost with me-saww than you are!’ Then he sat down.
ثُمَّ قَامَ زَيْدُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ فَتَكَلَّمَ وَ قَامَ جَمَاعَةٌ بَعْدَهُ فَتَكَلَّمُوا بِنَحْوِ هَذَا
Then Zayd Bin Wahab stood up and spoke, and a group stood up afterwards and they spoke with the approximate of this.
فَأَخْبَرَ الثِّقَةُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ جَلَسَ فِي بَيْتِهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْيَوْمُ الثَّالِثُ أَتَاهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَ طَلْحَةُ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ وَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ مَعَ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ عَشَرَةُ رِجَالٍ مِنْ عَشَائِرِهِمْ شَاهِرِينَ لِلسُّيُوفِ فَأَخْرَجُوهُ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ وَ عَلَا الْمِنْبَرَ
The reliable ones from the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww have informed that Abu Bakr sat in his house for three days. When it was the third day, there came to him Umar Bin Al-Khattab, and Talha, and Al-Zubeyr, and Usman Bin Affan, and Abdul Rahman Bin Awf, and Sa’ad Bin Abu Waqqas, and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah. With each one of them there were ten men of their clan, having unsheathed their swords, and they brought him out from his house and (seated him) upon the pulpit.
فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ عَادَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ فَتَكَلَّمَ بِمِثْلِ الَّذِي تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ لَنَمْلَأَنَّ أَسْيَافَنَا مِنْهُ فَجَلَسُوا فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ وَ لَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ أَحَدٌ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ.
A speaker of them said, ‘By Allah-azwj! If anyone of you were to repeat and speaks with the like of which he had spoken with, we shall fill our swords from him’. So, they said in their houses and no one spoke after that’’.[7]
8 شف، كشف اليقين فيما نذكره عن أحمد بن محمد الطبري المعروف بالخليلي من رواتهم و رجالهم فيما رواه من إنكار اثني عشر نفسا على أبي بكر بصريح مقالهم عقيب ولايته على المسلمين و ما ذكره بعضهم بما عرف من رسول الله ص أَنَّ عَلِيّاً أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
(The book) ‘Kashf Al-Yaqeen’ – Among what we mention from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al-Tabari, famous as Al-Khaleeli, from their reporters and their men, in what he reported of the denial of the twelve persons upon Abu Bakr, their frank words, commenting on his governance upon the Muslims, and what some of them mentioned with what they knew from Rasool-Allah-saww that Ali-asws is ‘Amir Al-Momineen’.
و رواه أيضا محمد بن جرير الطبري صاحب التاريخ في كتاب مناقب أهل البيت ع و يزيد بعضهم على بعض في روايته
And it is reported as well by Muhammad Bin Jareer Al-Tabari, author of Al-Tareekh (The history), in the book of virtues of People-asws of the Household, and some of them have increased upon other in its reporting.
فقال أحمد بن محمد الطبري ما هذا لفظه خبر الاثني عشر الذين أنكروا على أبي بكر جلوسه في مجلس رسول الله ص- و لنذكر بعد ذلك تتمة رواية السيد للاختلاف الكثير بين الروايتين و هو هكذا.
Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al-Tabari said, ‘These are not the words of the news of the twelve, those who denied upon Abu Bakr of his sitting in the seat of Rasool-Allah-saww, and let us mention after that, the complete report of the seyyid, of the numerous differing between the reports, and it is like this: –
ثُمَّ قَامَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَقَالَ مَعَاشِرَ قُرَيْشٍ هَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ فَمُرُوا صَاحِبَكُمْ فَلْيَرُدَّ الْحَقَّ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَضْطَرِبَ حَبْلُكُمْ وَ يَضْعُفَ مَسْلَكُكُمْ وَ تَخْتَلِفُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ
‘Then Ammar Bin Yasser stood up and said, ‘Community of Quraysh! Do you know that People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww are more rightful of this command than you! So, instruct your companion and let him return the right to its rightful ones before your ropes are disrupted and your ways are weakened, and you differ regarding what is between you.
فَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ أَنَّ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ أَوْلَى بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ وَ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ إِنْ قُلْتُمْ إِنَّ السَّابِقَةَ لَنَا فَأَهْلُ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ أَقْدَمُ مِنْكُمْ سَابِقَةً وَ أَعْظَمُ غَنَاءً مِنْ صَاحِبِهِمْ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَاحِبُ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْ بَعْدِ نَبِيِّكُمْ فَأَعْطُوهُ مَا جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ لا تَرْتَدُّوا عَلى أَدْبارِكُمْ فَتَنْقَلِبُوا خاسِرِينَ
You have known that the Clan of Hashim-asws are foremost with this command than you are, and closer to Rasool-Allah-saww. And if you are saying that the preceding is for us, so the People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww are more ancient than you of preceding, and of greater praise than their companion, and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is the one for this command from after your Prophet-saww, so give him-asws what Allah-azwj has Made to be for him-asws, and turn not on your backs for then you will be turning back as losers [5:21]’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ سَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَا تَجْحَدْ حَقّاً مَا جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَكَ وَ لَا تَكُنْ أَوَّلَ مَنْ عَصَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ أَدِّ الْحَقَّ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ يَخَفَّ ظَهْرُكَ وَ يَقِلَّ وِزْرُكَ وَ تَلْقَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رَاضِياً وَ لَا تَخْتَصَّ بِهِ نَفْسَكَ
Then Sahl Bin Huneyf Al-Ansari stood up and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Do not fight for a right what Allah-azwj has not Made to be for you, and do not become the first one to have disobeyed Rasool-Allah-saww regarding People-asws of his-saww Household, and return the right to its rightful one, lighten your back and reduce your burden, and meet Rasool-Allah-saww with pleasure and do not specialise yourself with it.
فَعَمَّا قَلِيلٍ يَنْقَضِي عَنْكَ مَا أَنْتَ فِيهِ ثُمَّ تَصِيرُ إِلَى الْمَلِكِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَيُحَاسِبُكَ بِعَمَلِكَ وَ يَسْأَلُكَ عَمَّا جِئْتَ لَهُ وَ مَا اللَّهُ بِظَلَّامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ
After a little while it will elapse from you what you are in, then you will come to the King, the Beneficent, and He-azwj will Reckon you and Question you about what you had come with, and Allah-azwj is not the least unjust to the servants’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ خُزَيْمَةُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ذُو الشَّهَادَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَ لَسْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَبِلَ شَهَادَتِي وَحْدِي وَ لَمْ يُرِدْ مَعِي غَيْرِي قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَشْهَدُ بِاللَّهِ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ عَلِيٌّ إِمَامُكُمْ بَعْدِي.
Then Khuzeyma Bin Sabit, one with two testimonies, stood up and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Don’t you know that Rasool-Allah-saww accepted my lone testimony and did not want anyone else with me?’ He said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So I hereby testify with Allah-azwj that I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Ali-asws is your Imam-asws after me-saww’’.
قَالَ وَ قَامَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ: أَهْلُ بَيْتِي يَفْرُقُونَ بَيْنَ الْحَقِّ وَ الْبَاطِلِ وَ هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ الَّذِينَ يُقْتَدَى بِهِمْ:
He (the narrator) said, ‘And Ubayy Bin Ka’ab Al-Ansari and said, ‘I testify that I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household distinguish between the truth and the falsehood, and they-asws are the Imams-asws, those one can be guided with’’.
وَ قَامَ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بْنُ التَّيِّهَانِ فَقَالَ: وَ أَنَا أَشْهَدُ عَلَى نَبِيِّنَا مُحَمَّدٍ ص أَنَّهُ أَقَامَ عَلِيّاً لِنُسَلِّمَ لَهُ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ مَا أَقَامَهُ إِلَّا لِلْخِلَافَةِ وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ مَا أَقَامَهُ إِلَّا لِيُعْلِمَ النَّاسَ أَنَّهُ مَوْلَى مَنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَوْلَاهُ
And Abu Al-Haysam Bin Al-Tayhan stood up and said, ‘And I testify upon our Prophet-saww Muhammad-saww that he-saww established Ali-asws for us to greet to him-asws. Some of them said, ‘He-saww did not establish him-asws except for the caliphate’, and some of them said, ‘He-saww did not establish him-asws except for the people to know that he-asws is the Master-asws of the ones Rasool-saww was a Master-saww of’.
فَتَشَاجَرُوا فِي ذَلِكَ فَبَعَثُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص رَجُلًا يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص هُوَ وَلِيُّكُمْ بَعْدِي وَ أَنْصَحُ النَّاسِ لَكُمْ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِي:
They quarrelled regarding that and they sent a man to Rasool-Allah-azwj to ask him-saww about that. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘He-asws is your ruler after me-saww, and the most advising of the people for you after my-saww expiry’.
وَ قَامَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ: أَهْلُ بَيْتِي نُجُومُ الْأَرْضِ وَ نُورُ الْأَرْضِ فَلَا تَقَدَّمُوهُمْ وَ قَدِّمُوهُمْ فَهُمُ الْوُلَاةُ بَعْدِي فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَيُّ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ أَوْلَى بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ وَ وُلْدُهُ
And Usman Bin Huneyf Al-Ansari stood up and said, ‘I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household are stars of the earth and Noor of the earth, so do not precede them-asws, and advance them-asws, for they-asws are the rulers after me-saww’. So a man stood up to him-saww and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww, and which people of your-saww Household are foremost with that?’ He-saww said: ‘Ali-asws and his-asws sons-asws’.
وَ قَامَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَ رُدُّوا إِلَيْهِمْ حَقَّهُمُ الَّذِي جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ فَقَدْ سَمِعْنَا مِثْلَ مَا سَمِعَ إِخْوَانُنَا فِي مَقَامٍ بَعْدَ مَقَامٍ لِنَبِيِّنَا ص وَ مَجْلِسٍ بَعْدَ مَجْلِسٍ يَقُولُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي أَئِمَّتُكُمْ بَعْدِي.
And Abu Ayoub Al-Ansari stood up and said, ‘Fear Allah-azwj regarding People-asws of my-saww Household, and return their-asws right to them-asws, what which Allah-azwj has Made to be for them-asws, for I have heard similar to what our brothers have heard, in place after place of our Prophet-saww, and gathering after gathering, saying: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household are your Imams-asws after me-saww’’.
قَالَ فَجَلَسَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِي بَيْتِهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَأَتَاهُ عُمَرُ وَ عُثْمَانُ وَ طَلْحَةُ وَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ نُفَيْلٍ فَأَتَاهُ كُلٌّ مِنْهُمْ مُتَسَلِّحاً فِي قَوْمِهِ حَتَّى أَخْرَجُوهُ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ ثُمَّ أَصْعَدُوهُ الْمِنْبَرَ وَ قَدْ سَلُّوا سُيُوفَهُمْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Abu Bakr stayed in his house for three days. Then there came to him Umar, and Usman, and Talha, and Abdul Rahman Bin Awf, and Sa’ad Bin Abu Waqqas, and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, and Saeed Bin Amro bin Nufeyl. Each one of them came to him armed among his own people until they brought him out from his house, then made him ascend the pulpit, and they had unsheathed their swords.
فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ عَادَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ بِمِثْلِ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ رَعَاعٌ مِنْكُمْ بِالْأَمْسِ لَنَمْلَأَنَّ سُيُوفَنَا مِنْهُ فَأَحْجَمَ وَ اللَّهِ الْقَوْمُ وَ كَرِهُوا الْمَوْتَ.
A speaker from them said, ‘By Allah-azwj! If anyone of you were to repeat with the like of what the riffraff from you had spoken with yesterday, we will fill our swords from him’. By Allah-azwj! The people refrained, and they disliked the death’’.[8]
9- فس، تفسير القمي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مُيَسِّرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ ظَهَرَ الْفَسادُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ بِما كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِي النَّاسِ قَالَ ذَلِكَ وَ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ قَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ.
Tafseer Al Qummi – Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Numan, from Ibn Muskan, from Muyassir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, I said, ‘Corruption has appeared in the land and the sea due to what the hands of the people have earned [30:41], he-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj, that was when the Helpers said, ‘There should be an Emir (ruler) from us and an Emir from you (Emigrants)’, (referring to the event of Saqifa)’’.[9]
10- ختص، الإختصاص ير، بصائر الدرجات أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ رَبِيعِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْمُسْلِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أُخْرِجَ بِعَلِيٍّ ع مُلَبَّباً وَقَفَ عِنْدَ قَبْرِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ يَا ابْنَ أُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَ كادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي
(The books) ‘Al Ikhtisaas’ (and) ‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Rabie Bin Muhammad, from Al Musly, from Abdullah Bin Suleyman,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Ali-asws was brought out cloaked (covered in cloth as a captive), he-asws paused by the grave of the Prophet-saww. He-asws said: ‘Son of my mother! Surely the people weakened me and they almost killed me, [7:150]’.
قَالَ فَخَرَجَتْ يَدٌ مِنْ قَبْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَعْرِفُونَ أَنَّهَا يَدُهُ وَ صَوْتٌ يَعْرِفُونَ أَنَّهُ صَوْتُهُ نَحْوَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ يَا هَذَا أَ كَفَرْتَ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَكَ مِنْ تُرابٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ ثُمَّ سَوَّاكَ رَجُلًا.
He-asws said: ‘A hand emerged from the grave of Rasool-Allah-saww, they recognised that it was a hand of Rasool-Allah-saww and recognised that it was his-saww voice, (gesturing) around Abu Bakr: ‘O you! ‘Are you committing Kufr with the One Who Created you from dust, then from a seed, then Completed you as a man? [18:37]’’.[10]
11- ير، بصائر الدرجات عَبْدُ اللَّهِ [بْنُ] مُحَمَّدٍ يَرْفَعُهُ بِإِسْنَادٍ لَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا اسْتُخْلِفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَقْبَلَ عُمَرُ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَدِ اسْتُخْلِفَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَمَنْ جَعَلَهُ كَذَلِكَ قَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ رَضُوا بِذَلِكَ
(The book) ‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Abdullah Bin Muhammad raising it, by a chain of his to,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Abu Bakr became caliph, Umar came to Ali-asws and said, ‘Do you-asws not know that Abu Bakr has become caliph?’ Ali-asws said: ‘So who made him to be like that?’ He said, ‘The Muslims are pleased with that’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ اللَّهِ لَأَسْرَعَ مَا خَالَفُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ نَقَضُوا عَهْدَهُ وَ لَقَدْ سَمَّوْهُ بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهِ وَ اللَّهِ مَا اسْتَخْلَفَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص
Ali-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! How quickly they opposed Rasool-Allah-saww and broke his-saww pact, and they have named him with other than his (rightful) name (Amir Al-Momineen). By Allah-azwj! Rasool-Allah-saww had not made him the caliph’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ كَذَبْتَ فَعَلَ اللَّهُ بِكَ وَ فَعَلَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ أُرِيَكَ بُرْهَاناً عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَعَلْتُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ مَا تَزَالُ تَكْذِبُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي حَيَاتِهِ وَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع انْطَلِقْ بِنَا لِنَعْلَمَ أَيُّنَا الْكَذَّابُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي حَيَاتِهِ وَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ
Umar said, ‘You-asws are lying! Allah-azwj Dealt with you-asws and dealt’. Ali-asws said: ‘If you like me-asws to show you a proof upon that, I-asws will do so’. Umar said to him-asws, ‘You-asws have not ceased lying upon Rasool-Allah-saww during his-saww lifetime and after his-saww death’. Come with us-asws to know which of us is the liar upon Rasool-Allah-saww during his-saww lifetime and after his-saww expiry’.
فَانْطَلَقَ مَعَهُ حَتَّى أَتَى إِلَى الْقَبْرِ فَإِذَا كَفٌّ فِيهَا مَكْتُوبٌ أَ كَفَرْتَ يَا عُمَرُ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَكَ مِنْ تُرابٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ ثُمَّ سَوَّاكَ رَجُلًا فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع أَ رَضِيتَ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ جَحَدْتَ اللَّهَ فِي حَيَاتِهِ وَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ.
He-asws went with him until he-asws came to the grave, and there was a palm wherein was inscribed, ‘Are you committing Kufr – O Umar – with the One Who Created you from dust, then from a seed, then Completed you as a man? [18:37]’. Ali-asws said to him: ‘Do you agree? By Allah-azwj! You had rejected Allah-azwj during his-saww lifetime and after his-saww expiry’’.[11]
12- شف، كشف اليقين مِنْ أَصْلٍ عَتِيقٍ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ: ثُمَّ قَامَ بُرَيْدَةُ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَ تَنَاسَيْتَ أَمْ تَعَاشَيْتَ أَمْ خَادَعَتْكَ نَفْسُكَ أَ مَا تَذْكُرُ إِذْ أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَسَلَّمْنَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ هُوَ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Yaqeen’ – From an ancient origin, from the reports of the adversaries, by his chain, said,
‘Then Bureyda Al-Aslami stood up and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Are you pretending to forget or trying to live, or deceiving yourself? Don’t you remember that Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered and we greeted unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, and he-saww was in our midst?
فَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ تَدَارَكْ نَفْسَكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ لَا تُدْرِكَهَا وَ أَنْقِذْهَا مِنْ هَلَكَتِهَا وَ ادْفَعْ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْكَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ وَ لَا تَمَادَ فِي اغْتِصَابِهِ وَ ارْجِعْ وَ أَنْتَ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَرْجِعَ فَقَدْ مَحَضْتُ نَصِيحَتَكَ وَ بَذَلْتُ لَكَ مَا عِنْدِي مَا إِنْ فَعَلْتَهُ وُفِّقْتَ وَ رَشَدْتَ.
Fear Allah-azwj and rectify yourself before you cannot rectify it anymore, and save it from its destruction, and hand over this command to the one who is more rightful with it than you are, from its rightful ones, and do not continue in your usurpation, and return while you are able to return. I have advised you and exerted for you what was with me what, if you were to do it, you will harmonise and be rightly guided’’.[12]
13- شف، كشف اليقين مِنْ أَصْلٍ عَتِيقٍ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا خَطَبَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَامَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ وَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الَّذِينَ هَاجَرُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا مَرْضَاةَ الرَّحْمَنِ وَ أَثْنَى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي الْقُرْآنِ وَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ الَّذِينَ تَبَوَّؤُا الدَّارَ وَ الْإِيمانَ وَ أَثْنَى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي الْقُرْآنِ
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Yaqeen’, from an ancient origin, from reports of the adversaries, by his chain from Yahya Bin Abdullah Bin Al Hassan, from his father, from his grandfather,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘When Abu Bakr addressed on the day of Friday, Ubay Bin Ka’ab stood up, and it was the first day from the Month of Ramazan, and he said, ‘O community of Emigrants, those who emigrated and pursued the Pleasure of the beneficent, and Allah-azwj Praised upon them in the Quran! And O community of Helpers, And those who had the home (in Al-Medina), and had the Eman [59:9], and Allah-azwj Praised upon them.
تَنَاسَيْتُمْ أَمْ نَسِيتُمْ أَمْ بَدَّلْتُمْ أَمْ غَيَّرْتُمْ أَمْ خَذَلْتُمْ أَمْ عَجَّزْتُمْ أَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَامَ فِينَا مَقَاماً أَقَامَ ص لَنَا عَلِيّاً فَقَالَ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ وَ مَنْ كُنْتُ نَبِيَّهُ فَهَذَا أَمِيرُهُ
Are you all pretending to forget, or you have forgotten, or you have changed, or have forsaken, or are you frustrated? Don’t you know that Rasool-Allah-saww had stood among us in a place he-saww made Ali-asws to stand and said: ‘One whose Master-saww I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his Master-asws, and the one whose Prophet-saww I-saww was, so this is his Emir (ruler)!’?
أَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ أَنْتَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى طَاعَتُكَ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى مَنْ بَعْدِي
Don’t you all know that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws are from me-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as. Obedience to you-asws is obligatory upon the ones after me-saww’?
أَ وَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ أُوصِيكُمْ بِأَهْلِ بَيْتِي خَيْراً فَقَدِّمُوهُمْ وَ لَا تَتَقَدَّمُوهُمْ وَ أَمِّرُوهُمْ وَ لَا تَأَمَّرُوا عَلَيْهِمْ
Or don’t you all know that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww bequeath you all with being good with People-asws of my-saww Household, so advance them-asws and do not precede them-asws, and make them-asws rulers and do not be rulers upon them’.
أَ وَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ بَعْدِي
Or don’t you all know that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household are the Imams-asws from after me-saww’?
أَ وَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي مَنَارُ الْهُدَى وَ الْمُدِلُّونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ
Or don’t you all know that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘People-asws of my-saww Household are minarets of guidance, and the pointers (guides) to Allah-azwj’?
أَ وَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ أَنْتَ الْهَادِي لِمَنْ ضَلَّ
Or don’t you all know that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws are the guide for the ones who strays’?
أَ وَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ الْمُحْيِي لِسُنَّتِي وَ مُعَلِّمُ أُمَّتِي وَ الْقَائِمُ بِحُجَّتِي وَ خَيْرُ مَنْ أُخَلِّفُ بَعْدِي وَ سَيِّدُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي وَ أَحَبُّ النَّاسِ إِلَيَّ طَاعَتُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِي كَطَاعَتِي عَلَى أُمَّتِي
Or don’t you all know that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Ali-asws is the reviver of my-saww Sunnah and teacher of my-saww community, and the one standing with my-saww Divine Authority, and best of the ones I-saww leave behind after me-saww, and chief of my-saww family members, and the most beloved of the people to me-saww. Obedience to him-asws after me-saww is like obedience to me-saww upon my-saww community’?
أَ وَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَمْ يُوَلِّ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع أَحَداً مِنْكُمْ وَ وَلَّاهُ فِي كُلِّ غَيْبَةٍ عَلَيْكُمْ
Or don’t you all know that Rasool-Allah-saww did not place anyone from you to be in-charge over Ali-asws, and made him-asws to be in-charge upon you all during every absence?
أَ وَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُمَا كَانَا مَنْزِلَتُهُمَا وَاحِداً وَ أَمْرُهُمَا وَاحِداً
Or don’t you all know that both of them-asws were such that their-asws status was one, and their-asws matter is one?
أَ وَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِذَا غِبْتُ عَنْكُمْ وَ خَلَّفْتُ فِيكُمْ عَلِيّاً فَقَدْ خَلَّفْتُ فِيكُمْ رَجُلًا كَنَفْسِي
Or don’t you don’t know that he-saww said: ‘Whenever I-saww am absent from you, and leave behind Ali-asws among you, so I-saww have left behind a man like myself-saww’?
أَ وَ لَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهُ جَمَعَنَا قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ فِي بَيْتِ ابْنَتِهِ فَاطِمَةَ ع فَقَالَ لَنَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَى مُوسَى أَنِ اتَّخِذْ أَخاً مِنْ أَهْلِكَ أَجْعَلْهُ نَبِيّاً وَ أَجْعَلْ أَهْلَهُ لَكَ وُلْداً وَ أُطَهِّرْهُمْ مِنَ الْآفَاتِ وَ أَخْلَعْهُمْ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ
Or don’t you know that Rasool-Allah-saww gathered us before his-saww expiry in the house of his-saww daughter-asws (Syeda) Fatima-asws and said to us: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to Musa-as: “Take a brother from your-as family, I-azwj shall Make him-as a Prophet-as, and Make his-as family to be children for you-asws, Purify them from the scourges, and Vacate them from the sins!”
فَاتَّخَذَ مُوسَى هَارُونَ وَ وُلْدَهُ وَ كَانُوا أَئِمَّةَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ الَّذِينَ يَحِلُّ لَهُمْ فِي مَسَاجِدِهُمْ مَا يَحِلُّ لِمُوسَى
So, Musa-as took Haroun-as and his-as sons, and they were the Imams (leaders) of the children of Israel from after him-as, and the ones for whom it was permissible for them in their Masjids what was permissible for Musa-as.
أَلَا وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ أَنِ اتَّخِذْ عَلِيّاً أَخاً كَمُوسَى اتَّخَذَ هَارُونَ أَخاً وَ اتَّخِذْهُ وُلْداً فَقَدْ طَهَّرْتُهُمْ كَمَا طَهَّرْتُ وُلْدَ هَارُونَ أَلَا وَ إِنِّي خَتَمْتُ بِكَ النَّبِيِّينَ فَلَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدَكَ فَهُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ
Indeed! And Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to me-saww: “Take Ali-asws as a brother-asws like Musa-as had taken Haroun-as as a brother-as, and take his-asws sons-asws and I-azwj have Purified them just as the sons of Haroun-as had been Purified. Indeed! And I-saww have Ended the Prophets-as with you-saww, so there is no Prophet-as after you-saww, and they-asws are the Imams-asws!”
أَ فَمَا تَفْقَهُونَ أَ مَا تُبْصِرُونَ أَ مَا تَسْمَعُونَ ضُرِبَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الشُّبُهَاتُ فَكَانَ مَثَلُكُمْ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ فِي سَفَرٍ أَصَابَهُ عَطَشٌ شَدِيدٌ حَتَّى خَشِيَ أَنْ يَهْلِكَ فَلَقِيَ رَجُلًا هَادِياً بِالطَّرِيقِ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنِ الْمَاءِ فَقَالَ أَمَامَكَ عَيْنَانِ إِحْدَاهُمَا مَالِحَةٌ وَ الْأُخْرَى عَذْبَةٌ فَإِنْ أَصَبْتَ مِنَ الْمَالِحَةِ ضَلَلْتَ وَ هَلَكْتَ وَ إِنْ أَصَبْتَ مِنَ الْعَذْبَةِ هُدِيتَ وَ رَوِيتَ
Do you not understand? Are you not having insight? Are you not hearing the suspicious striking upon you? So an example of you would be like an example of a man during a journey and severe thirst hits him until he fears the death. Then he meets a guiding man on the road, so he asks him about the water. He says, ‘In front of you there are two springs, one of them salty and the other sweet. So, if you were to take from the salty you would have strayed and will die, and if you attain from the sweet, you would be guided and be saturated’.
فَهَذَا مَثَلُكُمْ أَيَّتُهَا الْأُمَّةُ الْمُهْمَلَةُ كَمَا زَعَمْتُمْ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ مَا أُهْمِلْتُمْ لَقَدْ نُصِبَ لَكُمْ عَلَمٌ يُحِلُّ لَكُمُ الْحَلَالَ وَ يُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْحَرَامَ وَ لَوْ أَطَعْتُمُوهُ مَا اخْتَلَفْتُمْ وَ لَا تَدَابَرْتُمْ وَ لَا تَعَلَّلْتُمْ وَ لَا بَرِئَ بَعْضُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ
So this is your example, O you community, the neglected, just as you are claiming to be. And I-saww swear by Allah-azwj! You have not been neglected! I-saww have installed a flag for you all. He-asws will permit for you the Permissible, and prohibited upon you the Prohibited, and if you were to obey him-asws, you will neither differ, nor disaccord, nor be distracted, nor will you disavow each other’.
فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكُمْ بَعْدَهُ لَمُخْتَلِفُونَ فِي أَحْكَامِكُمْ وَ إِنَّكُمْ بَعْدَهُ لَنَاقِضُونَ عَهْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ إِنَّكُمْ عَلَى عِتْرَتِهِ لَمُخْتَلِفُونَ وَ مُتَبَاغِضُونَ
By Allah-azwj! After him-saww you have been differing in your decisions, and after him-saww you are breaking a pact of Rasool-Allah-saww, and you are differing upon his-saww family, being hateful.
إِنْ سُئِلَ هَذَا عَنْ غَيْرِ مَا عَلِمَ أَفْتَى بِرَأْيِهِ وَ إِنْ سُئِلَ هَذَا عَمَّا يَعْلَمُ أَفْتَى بِرَأْيِهِ فَقَدْ تَحَارَيْتُمْ وَ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّ الِاخْتِلَافَ رَحْمَةٌ
If this one is asked about other than what he knows, he gives a verdict (fatwa) by his opinion, and if this ones is asked about what he does know (even then) he issues a verdict by his opinion. You are confused and are (now) claiming that the differing is a mercy.
هَيْهَاتَ أَبَى كِتَابُ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْكُمْ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ لا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ تَفَرَّقُوا وَ اخْتَلَفُوا مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جاءَهُمُ الْبَيِّناتُ وَ أُولئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ عَظِيمٌ
Far be it! The Book of Allah-azwj Refuses that upon you. Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Says: And do not become like those who disunited and differed from after the clear proofs having come to them, and they, for them is a painful Punishment [3:105].
وَ أَخْبَرَنَا بِاخْتِلَافِهِمْ فَقَالَ وَ لا يَزالُونَ مُخْتَلِفِينَ إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ رَبُّكَ وَ لِذلِكَ خَلَقَهُمْ أَيْ لِلرَّحْمَةِ وَ هُمْ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ شِيعَتُهُمْ
And He-azwj Informed of their differing so He-azwj Said: and they will not stop differing [11:118] Except the one whom your Lord shows Mercy, and it is for that He Created them. [11:119], i.e., for the Mercy, and they-asws are Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww and their-asws Shias.
وَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ يَا عَلِيُّ أَنْتَ وَ شِيعَتُكَ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ وَ النَّاسُ مِنْهَا بِرَاءٌ فَهَلَّا قَبِلْتُمْ مِنْ نَبِيِّكُمْ كَيْفَ وَ هُوَ يُخْبِرُكُمْ بِانْتِكَاصِكُمْ وَ يَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ خِلَافِ وَصِيِّهِ وَ أَمِينِهِ وَ وَزِيرِهِ وَ أَخِيهِ وَ وَلِيِّهِ
And I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws and your-asws Shias are upon the nature, and the people are away from it’. So, why didn’t you accept from your Prophet-saww? How, and he-saww was informing you all of your backsliding, and forbidding you from opposing his-saww successor-asws and his-saww trustee, and his-saww Vizier, and his-saww brother-asws, and his-saww guardian?
أَطْهَرِكُمْ قَلْباً وَ أَعْلَمِكُمْ عِلْماً وَ أَقْدَمِكُمْ إِسْلَاماً وَ أَعْظَمِكُمْ غَنَاءً عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَعْطَاهُ تُرَاثَهُ وَ أَوْصَاهُ بِعِدَاتِهِ وَ اسْتَخْلَفَهُ عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ وَ وَضَعَ عِنْدَهُ رَأْسَهُ
(They-asws are) cleanest of hearts, and more knowledgeable than you in knowledge, and more advanced than you of Islam, and greater than you of praise from Rasool-Allah-saww. He-asws is given his-saww inheritance, and bequeathed with fulfilling it, and made a caliph upon his-saww community, and his-saww head was placed with him-asws.
فَهُوَ وَلِيُّهُ دُونَكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ وَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْكُمْ أَكْتَعِينَ سَيِّدُ الْوَصِيِّينَ وَ أَفْضَلُ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَ أَطْوَعُ الْأُمَّةِ لِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَ سُلِّمَ عَلَيْهِ بِخِلَافَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي حَيَاةِ سَيِّدِ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ خَاتَمِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
Thus, he-asws is his-saww guardian besides you all, and more rightful with it than you, chief of the successors-asws, and most superior of the pious ones, and the most obedience of the community to Lord-azwj of the worlds, and caliphate of the Muslims was submitted to him-asws during the lifetime of chief of the Prophets-saww, and last of the Messengers-as.
قَدْ أَعْذَرَ مَنْ أَنْذَرَ وَ أَدَّى النَّصِيحَةَ مَنْ وَعَظَ وَ بَصَّرَ مَنْ عَمِيَ وَ تَعَاشَى وَ رَدِيَ فَقَدْ سَمِعْتُمْ كَمَا سَمِعْنَا وَ رَأَيْتُمْ كَمَا رَأَيْنَا وَ شَهِدْتُمْ كَمَا شَهِدْنَا
I have excused the one I warned, and given the advice to one who heeds advice, and seen the one who is blinded, and lived and responded. You have heard as we heard, and you have seen as what we saw, and you had witnessed as what we witnessed’.
فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ فَقَالُوا اقْعُدْ يَا أُبَيُّ أَصَابَكَ خَبَلٌ أَمْ أَصَابَتْكَ جُنَّةٌ
Abdul Rahman Bin Awf and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, and Muaz Bin Jabal said, ‘Sit down, O Ubay! Either you are hit by dementia or hit by insanity!’
فَقَالَ بَلِ الْخَبَلُ فِيكُمْ كُنْتُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَلْفَيْتُهُ يُكَلِّمُ رَجُلًا وَ أَسْمَعُ كَلَامَهُ وَ لَا أَرَى وَجْهَهُ فَقَالَ فِيمَا يُخَاطِبُهُ مَا أَنْصَحَهُ لَكَ وَ لِأُمَّتِكَ وَ أَعْلَمَهُ بِسُنَّتِكَ
He said, ‘But the dementia is among you. I was in the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww, and he-saww turned towards a man speaking to him, and I heard his speech and did not see his face. He said among what he addressed him-saww, ‘What I advise for you-saww and for your-saww community, and let him-asws know of your-saww Sunnah’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَ فَتَرَى أُمَّتِي تَنْقَادُ لَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِي قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَتْبَعُهُ مِنْ أُمَّتِكَ أَبْرَارُهَا وَ يُخَالِفُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أُمَّتِكَ فُجَّارُهَا وَ كَذَلِكَ أَوْصِيَاءُ النَّبِيِّينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Do you see my-saww community being critical to him-asws from after me-saww?’ He said, ‘O Muhammad-saww! There will be following him-asws, the righteous ones from your-saww community, and they will be opposing him-asws from your-saww community, it’s immoral ones, and like that have been the successors-as of the Prophets-as from before you-saww.
يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ أَوْصَى إِلَى يُوشَعَ بْنِ نُونٍ وَ كَانَ أَعْلَمَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ أَخْوَفَهُمْ لِلَّهِ وَ أَطْوَعَهُمْ لَهُ وَ أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَتَّخِذَهُ وَصِيّاً كَمَا اتَّخَذْتَ عَلِيّاً وَصِيّاً وَ كَمَا أُمِرْتَ بِذَلِكَ
O Muhammad-saww! Musa-as Bin Imran-as had bequeathed to Yoshua-as Bin Noun-as, and he-as was the most knowledgeable of the children of Israel, and most fearful of them of Allah-azwj and their most obedient one to Him-azwj, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded him-saww to take him-as as a successor-as just as you-saww have taken Ali-asws as a successor, and just as you-saww are Commanded with that.
فَحَسَدَهُ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ سِبْطُ مُوسَى خَاصَّةً فَلَعَنُوهُ وَ شَتَمُوهُ وَ عَنَّفُوهُ وَ وَضَعُوا مِنْهُ فَإِنْ أَخَذَتْ أُمَّتُكَ سُنَنَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَذَّبُوا وَصِيَّكَ وَ جَحَدُوا أَمْرَهُ وَ ابْتَزُّوا خِلَافَتَهُ وَ غَالَطُوهُ فِي عِلْمِهِ
The children of Israel envied him-as, the tribe of Musa-as in particular, and they cursed him-as, and reviled him-as, and abused him-as, and wasted from him-as. So, if your-saww community were to take to the ways of the children of Israel, they will belie your-asws successor-as, and reject his-as command, and swindle (him-asws of his-asws) caliphate, and try to find mistakes in his-asws knowledge’.
فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ هَذَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص هَذَا مَلَكٌ مِنْ مَلَائِكَةِ رَبِّي عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُنَبِّئُنِي أَنَّ أُمَّتِي تَخْتَلِفُ عَلَى وَصِيِّي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ إِنِّي أُوصِيكَ يَا أُبَيُّ بِوَصِيَّةٍ إِنْ حَفِظْتَهَا لَمْ تَزَلْ بِخَيْرٍ
I said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Who is this?’ Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘An Angel from the Angels of my-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic. He informed me-saww that my-saww community will be opposing upon my-saww successor Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and I-saww am bequeathing you, O Ubayy, with a bequest, if you were to preserve it, you will not cease to be with good.
يَا أُبَيُّ عَلَيْكَ بِعَلِيٍّ فَإِنَّهُ الْهَادِي الْمَهْدِيُّ النَّاصِحُ لِأُمَّتِي الْمُحْيِي لِسُنَّتِي وَ هُوَ إِمَامُكُمْ بَعْدِي فَمَنْ رَضِيَ بِذَلِكَ لَقِيَنِي عَلَى مَا فَارَقْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ
O Ubay! Upon you is to be with Ali-asws, the guide, the Guided, the advisor of my-saww community, the reviver of my-saww Sunnah, and he-asws is your Imam-asws after me-saww. So, the one who is pleased with that would meet me-saww upon what I-saww separated from him.
يَا أُبَيُّ وَ مَنْ غَيَّرَ أَوْ بَدَّلَ لَقِيَنِي نَاكِثاً لِبَيْعَتِي عَاصِياً أَمْرِي جَاحِداً لِنُبُوَّتِي لَا أَشْفَعُ لَهُ عِنْدَ رَبِّي وَ لَا أَسْقِيهِ مِنْ حَوْضِي
O Ubay! And the one who changes, or replaces, would meet me-saww having broken my-saww allegiance having disobeyed my-saww orders, as a rejecter of my-saww Prophet-hood. I-saww will not intercede for him in the Presence of my-saww Lord-azwj, nor will I-saww quench him from my-saww Fountain’.
فَقَامَتْ إِلَيْهِ رِجَالٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالُوا اقْعُدْ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ يَا أُبَيُّ فَقَدْ أَدَّيْتَ مَا سَمِعْتَ وَ وَفَيْتَ بِعَهْدِكَ.
Some men from the Helpers stood up to him and they said, ‘Sit down, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, O Ubay! You have fulfilled what you heard and have been loyal with your pact’’.[13]
13- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُيَسِّرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ لا تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ بَعْدَ إِصْلاحِها قَالَ إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ كَانَتْ فَاسِدَةً فَأَصْلَحَهُ اللَّهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ فَقَالَ لا تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ بَعْدَ إِصْلاحِها.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi, from Muyasser,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And do not make mischief in the earth after it has been set in order, [7:56], he-asws said: ‘The earth was spoilt, so Allah-azwj Corrected it through His-azwj Prophet-saww, so He-azwj Said: And do not make mischief in the earth after it has been set in order, [7:56]’’.[14]
14- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ: مَا أَتَى عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع يَوْمٌ قَطُّ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ يَوْمَيْنِ أَتَيَاهُ فَأَمَّا أَوَّلُ يَوْمٍ فَيَوْمَ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَمَّا الْيَوْمُ الثَّانِي فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَجَالِسٌ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ عَنْ يَمِينِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ النَّاسُ يُبَايِعُونَهُ إِذْ قَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ يَا هَذَا لَيْسَ فِي يَدَيْكَ شَيْءٌ مِنْهُ مَا لَمْ يُبَايِعْكَ عَلِيٌّ فَابْعَثْ إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكَ فَيُبَايِعَكَ فَإِنَّمَا هَؤُلَاءِ رَعَاعٌ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Amro Bin Abu Al Miqdam, from his father, from his grandfather who said,
‘There did not come upon Ali-asws days more grievous than two days which came to him-asws. As for the first, it was the day Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, and as for the second day, by Allah-azwj, I was seated in the Saqeefa of the clan of Sa’ada on the right of Abu Bakr and the people were pledging allegiance to him when Umar said to him, ‘O you! There isn’t anything from it (caliphate) in your hands so long as Ali-asws does not pledge allegiance to you, so send for him-asws until he-asws comes to you and pledges allegiance to you, for rather these ones are only sheep’.
فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ قُنْفُذاً فَقَالَ لَهُ اذْهَبْ فَقُلْ لِعَلِيٍّ أَجِبْ خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَذَهَبَ قُنْفُذٌ فَمَا لَبِثَ أَنْ رَجَعَ فَقَالَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَ لَكَ مَا خَلَّفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَحَداً غَيْرِي
He sent Qunfuz to him-asws, saying to him, ‘Go and say to Ali-asws, ‘Answer to the caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww!’ Qunfuz went, and it was not long before he returned and said to Abu Bakr, ‘He-asws says to you: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww did not make anyone a caliph apart from me-asws’’.
قَالَ ارْجِعْ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْ أَجِبْ فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى بَيْعَتِهِمْ إِيَّاهُ وَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَ الْأَنْصَارُ يُبَايِعُونَهُ وَ قُرَيْشٌ وَ إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لَكَ مَا لَهُمْ وَ عَلَيْكَ مَا عَلَيْهِمْ
He said, ‘Return to him-asws and say, ‘Answer, for the people have gathered upon their allegiance to him, and they are the Emigrants and the Helpers, pledging allegiance to him and (so have) Quraysh, and rather you-asws are a man from the Muslims, for you-asws is what is for them, and against you-asws is what is against them’’.
وَ ذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِ قُنْفُذٌ فَمَا لَبِثَ أَنْ رَجَعَ فَقَالَ قَالَ لَكَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لِي وَ أَوْصَانِي إِذَا وَارَيْتُهُ فِي حُفْرَتِهِ أَنْ لَا أَخْرُجَ مِنْ بَيْتِي حَتَّى أُؤَلِّفَ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّهُ فِي جَرَائِدِ النَّخْلِ وَ فِي أَكْتَافِ الْإِبِلِ
And Qunfuz went to him, and it was not long before he returned and said, ‘He-asws says to you: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to me-asws, and bequeathed to me-asws, when I-asws have buried him-saww in his-saww grave, I-asws should not exit from my-asws house until I-asws have compiled the Book of Allah-azwj, and it is in the branches of the palm trees, and in the shoulder bones of the camels’.
قَالَ قَالَ عُمَرُ قُومُوا بِنَا إِلَيْهِ فَقَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ عُثْمَانُ وَ خَالِدُ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ وَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَ قُنْفُذٌ وَ قُمْتُ مَعَهُمْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Umar said, ‘Arise with us to go to him-asws!’ So, Abu Bakr, and Umar, and Usman, and Khalid Bin Al-Waleed, and Al-Mugheira Bin Shu’ba, and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, and Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa, and Qunfuz arose, and I stood up along with them.
فَلَمَّا انْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى الْبَابِ فَرَأَتْهُمْ فَاطِمَةُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا أَغْلَقَتِ الْبَابَ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ وَ هِيَ لَا تَشُكُّ أَنْ لَا يُدْخَلَ عَلَيْهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهَا فَضَرَبَ عُمَرُ الْبَابَ بِرِجْلِهِ فَكَسَرَهُ وَ كَانَ مِنْ سَعَفٍ
When we ended up to the door, they saw (Syeda) Fatima-asws at it. She-asws locked the door in their faces, and she-asws had no doubt that they will not enter upon her-asws except with her-asws permission. But, Umar hit the door with his leg and broke it, and it was of foliage leaves.
ثُمَّ دَخَلُوا فَأَخْرَجُوا عَلِيّاً ع مُلَبَّباً فَخَرَجَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع فَقَالَتْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُرْمِلَنِي مِنْ زَوْجِي وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ لَمْ تَكُفَّ عَنْهُ لَأَنْشُرَنَّ شَعْرِي وَ لَأَشُقَّنَ جَيْبِي وَ لَآَتِيَنَّ قَبْرَ أَبِي وَ لَأَصِيحَنَّ إِلَى رَبِّي
Then they entered and brought Ali-asws out folded (tied up). (Syeda) Fatima-asws came out and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Do you intend to make me-asws a widow from my-asws husband? By Allah-azwj! If you do not refrain from him-asws, I-asws shall expose my-asws hair, and tear my-asws pocket and will go to the grace of my-asws husband, and I-asws will cry loud (beseeching) to my-asws Lord-azwj!’
فَأَخَذَتْ بِيَدِ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَ خَرَجَتْ تُرِيدُ قَبْرَ النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لِسَلْمَانَ أَدْرِكْ ابْنَةَ مُحَمَّدٍ فَإِنِّي أَرَى جَنْبَتَيِ الْمَدِينَةِ تُكْفَئَانِ وَ اللَّهِ إِنْ نَشَرَتْ شَعْرَهَا وَ شَقَّتْ جَيْبَهَا وَ أَتَتْ قَبْرَ أَبِيهَا وَ صَاحَتْ إِلَى رَبِّهَا لَا يُنَاظَرُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَنْ يُخْسَفَ بِهَا وَ بِمَنْ فِيهَا
She-asws grabbed the hands of Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws and went out intending the grave of the Prophet-saww. Ali-asws said to Salman-ra: ‘Reach the daughter of Muhammad-saww, for I-asws see the two sides of Al-Medina to have had (been lifted). By Allah-azwj! If she-asws were to expose her-asws hair and tears up her-asws pocket, and come to the grave of her-asws father-saww, and beseeches to her-asws Lord-azwj, there is no doubt with Al-Medina that it would submerge and with the ones in it!’
فَأَدْرَكَهَا سَلْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ يَا بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَعَثَ أَبَاكِ رَحْمَةً فَارْجِعِي فَقَالَتْ يَا سَلْمَانُ يُرِيدُونَ قَتْلَ عَلِيٍّ مَا عَلَيَّ صَبْرٌ فَدَعْنِي حَتَّى آتِيَ قَبْرَ أَبِي فَأَنْشُرَ شَعْرِي وَ أَشُقَّ جَيْبِي وَ أَصِيحَ إِلَى رَبِّي
Salman-ra reached her-asws and said, ‘O daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww! Allah-azwj Sent your-asws father-saww as a mercy, so return!’ She-asws said: ‘O Salman-ra! They are intending to kill Ali-asws, there is no patience upon me-asws, so leave me-asws until I-asws go to the grave of my-asws father-saww, and expose my-asws hair, and tear up my-asws pocket, and beseech to my-asws Lord-azwj’.
فَقَالَ سَلْمَانُ إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يُخْسَفَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَ عَلِيٌّ بَعَثَنِي إِلَيْكِ يَأْمُرُكِ أَنْ تَرْجِعِي لَهُ إِلَى بَيْتِكِ وَ تَنْصَرِفِي فَقَالَتْ إِذاً أَرْجِعُ وَ أَصْبِرُ وَ أَسْمَعُ لَهُ وَ أُطِيعُ
Salman-ra said, ‘I-ra fear that there would be a submergence with Al-Medina, and Ali-asws sent me-ra to you-asws, instructing you-asws to return to your-asws house, and leave’. She-asws said: ‘Then I-asws shall return and be patient, and listen to him-asws, and obey’.
قَالَ فَأَخْرَجُوهُ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ مُلَبَّباً وَ مَرُّوا بِهِ عَلَى قَبْرِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ يَا ابْنَ أُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَ كادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي
He (the narrator) said, ‘They brought him-asws out from his-asws house tied up, and they went with him-asws to the grave of the Prophet-saww, and I heard him-asws saying: ‘‘Son of my mother! Surely the people weakened me and they almost killed me [7:150]’.
وَ جَلَسَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ وَ قَدِمَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ بَايِعْ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع فَإِنْ أَنَا لَمْ أَفْعَلْ فَمَهْ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ إِذاً أَضْرِبَ وَ اللَّهِ عُنُقَكَ
And Abu Bakr sat in the shed of the clan of Saida and brought Ali-asws forward. Umar said to him-asws, ‘Pledge allegiance!’ Ali-asws said to him: ‘Supposing I-asws do not it, then what?’ Umar said to him-asws, ‘Then by Allah-azwj I will strike off your-asws neck’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ إِذاً وَ اللَّهِ أَكُونَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ الْمَقْتُولَ وَ أَخَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْمَقْتُولُ فَنَعَمْ وَ أَمَّا أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَلَا حَتَّى قَالَهَا ثَلَاثاً
Ali-asws said to him: ‘Then, by Allah-azwj, I-asws would become a murdered servant of Allah-azwj, and brother of Rasool-Allah-saww’. Umar said, ‘As for you-asws being a killed servant of Allah-azwj, so yes, and as for being a brother of Rasool-Allah-saww, so no’ – until he said it thrice.
فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَأَقْبَلَ مُسْرِعاً يُهَرْوِلُ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ ارْفُقُوا بِابْنِ أَخِي وَ لَكُمْ عَلَيَّ أَنْ يُبَايِعَكُمْ فَأَقْبَلَ الْعَبَّاسُ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَمَسَحَهَا عَلَى يَدِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ خَلَّوْهُ مُغْضَباً
That reached Al-Abbas Bin Abdul Muttalib-asws, and he came sprinting hurriedly, and I heard him saying, ‘Be gentle O son-asws of my brother-as, and for you all it is upon me that he-asws pledges allegiance to you’. Al-Abbas came and grabbed a hand of Ali-asws and wiped it upon the hand of Abu Bakr.
فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ وَ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَدْ قَالَ لِي إِنْ تَمُّوا عِشْرِينَ فَجَاهِدْهُمْ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُكَ فِي كِتَابِكَ إِنْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صابِرُونَ يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ
Then they untied him-asws angrily, and I heard him-asws saying, and he-asws had raised his-asws head towards the sky: ‘O Allah-azwj! You-azwj Know that the Prophet-saww had said: ‘If they are complete twenty (supporters), then fight them, and it is Your-azwj Word in Your-azwj Book: If there happen to be twenty patient ones from you, they would overcome two hundred [8:65]’.
قَالَ وَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ وَ إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَتِمُّوا عِشْرِينَ حَتَّى قَالَهَا ثَلَاثاً ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘And I heard him-asws saying: ‘O Allah-azwj! And they are not even twenty complete’ – until he-asws had said it thrice, then left’’.[15]
15- ختص، الإختصاص أَخْبَرَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَرَزْدَقِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَمْرَوَيْهِ الْوَرَّاقِ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ مِثْلَهُ وَ زَادَ بَعْدَ قَوْلِهِ فَأَخْرَجُوهُ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ مُلَبَّباً قَالَ وَ أَقْبَلَ الزُّبَيْرُ مُخْتَرِطاً سَيْفَهُ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ يَا مَعْشَرَ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَ يُفْعَلُ هَذَا بِعَلِيٍّ ع وَ أَنْتُمْ أَحْيَاءٌ
(The book) ‘Al Ikhtisas’ – Ubeydullah informed me from Ahmad Bin Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Shazan, from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Fazl Bin Aamir, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Al Fuzari, from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Amraqiya Al Warraq, from Abu Muhammad Al Hassan Bin Musa, from Amro Bin Abu Al Miqdam –
Similar to it, and there is an increased after his words, ‘They brought him-asws out from his-asws house tied up, and Al-Zubeyr came brandishing his sword and he was saying, ‘O community of clan of Abdul Muttalib-asws! They are doing this with Ali-asws and (although) you are alive?’’
وَ شَدَّ عَلَى عُمَرَ لِيَضْرِبَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ فَرَمَاهُ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بِصَخْرَةٍ فَأَصَابَتْ قَفَاهُ وَ سَقَطَ السَّيْفُ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَأَخَذَهُ عُمَرُ وَ ضَرَبَهُ عَلَى صَخْرَةٍ فَانْكَسَرَ وَ مَرَّ عَلِيٌّ عَلَى قَبْرِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ أُمَّ إِلَى آخِرِ الْخَبَرِ.
And he was harsh upon Umar in order to strike him with the sword, but Khalid Bin Al-Waleed pelted him with a rock and it hit his palm, and the sword fell down from his hand. Umar grabbed it and struck it on the rock, and it broke, and Ali-asws passed by to go to the grave of the Prophet-saww. He-asws said: ‘‘‘Son of my mother! [7:150]’ – up to the end of the Hadeeth’’.[16]
16- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَضَى الِاخْتِلَافَ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ وَ كَانَ أَمْراً قَدْ قَضَاهُ فِي عِلْمِهِ كَمَا قَضَى عَلَى الْأُمَمِ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ وَ هِيَ السُّنَنُ وَ الْأَمْثَالُ يَجْرِي عَلَى النَّاسِ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From one of our companions,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘Allah-azwj Decreed the differing upon His-azwj creatures, and it was a matter He-azwj had Decreed in His-azwj Knowledge, just as He-azwj Decreed upon the communities from before you, and it is the ways and the examples flowing upon the people.
فَجَرَتْ عَلَيْنَا كَمَا جَرَتْ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا وَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لِمُحَمَّدٍ ص سُنَّةَ مَنْ قَدْ أَرْسَلْنا قَبْلَكَ مِنْ رُسُلِنا وَ لا تَجِدُ لِسُنَّتِنا تَحْوِيلًا
So it flowed upon us-asws just as it had flowed upon those from before us-asws, and the Word of Allah-azwj is True. Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said to Muhammad-saww: A Sunnah of the ones We Sent before you from Our Rasools, and you will not find an alteration to Our Sunnah [17:77].
وَ قَالَ فَهَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا سُنَّتَ الْأَوَّلِينَ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ اللَّهِ تَبْدِيلًا وَ لَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ اللَّهِ تَحْوِيلًا
And Said: are they awaiting except for the ways of the former ones? You will never find a replacement in the Sunnah of Allah, and you will never find an alteration in the Sunnah of Allah [35:43].
وَ قَالَ فَهَلْ يَنْتَظِرُونَ إِلَّا مِثْلَ أَيَّامِ الَّذِينَ خَلَوْا مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ قُلْ فَانْتَظِرُوا إِنِّي مَعَكُمْ مِنَ الْمُنْتَظِرِينَ
And Said: So are they waiting except for the days like of those who passed away before them? Say: ‘Then wait, I too am with you from the waiting ones’ [10:102]’.
وَ قَالَ ع لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ قَدْ قَضَى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُوسَى ع وَ هُوَ مَعَ قَوْمِهِ يُرِيهِمُ الْآيَاتِ وَ النُّذُرَ ثُمَّ مَرُّوا عَلَى قَوْمٍ يَعْبُدُونَ أَصْنَاماً قالُوا يا مُوسَى اجْعَلْ لَنا إِلهاً كَما لَهُمْ آلِهَةٌ قالَ إِنَّكُمْ قَوْمٌ تَجْهَلُونَ
And he-asws said: ‘There is no replacement to the Words of Allah-azwj, and Allah-azwj had Decreed upon Musa-as, and he-as was with his-as people, to show them the Signs (miracles) and the warnings, then they passed by a people worshipping idols. They said, ‘O Musa! Make a god for us just as there is a god for them’. He said, ‘You are an ignorant people [7:138].
فَاسْتَخْلَفَ مُوسَى هَارُونَ فَنَصَبُوا عِجْلًا جَسَداً لَهُ خُوارٌ فَقالُوا هذا إِلهُكُمْ وَ إِلهُ مُوسى وَ تَرَكُوا هَارُونَ فَقَالَ يا قَوْمِ إِنَّما فُتِنْتُمْ بِهِ وَ إِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ الرَّحْمنُ فَاتَّبِعُونِي وَ أَطِيعُوا أَمْرِي قالُوا لَنْ نَبْرَحَ عَلَيْهِ عاكِفِينَ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْنا مُوسى
So Musa-as made Haroun-as a caliph, but they installed a body of a calf for it being a mooing sound, and they said, ‘This is your god and god of Musa, [20:88], and they neglected Haroun-as. He-as said: ‘‘O people! But rather you are being tempted by it, and surely your Lord is the Beneficent, therefore follow me and obey my order’ [20:90] They said: ‘Never! We will continue our devotion upon it until Musa returns to us’ [20:91].
فَضَرَبَ لَكُمْ أَمْثَالَهُمْ وَ بَيَّنَ لَكُمْ كَيْفَ صَنَعَ بِهِمْ
So He-azwj Struck their examples for you all and Explained to you how they dealt with them’.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ص لَمْ يُقْبَضْ حَتَّى أَعْلَمَ النَّاسَ أَمْرَ عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ وَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي
And he-asws said: ‘The Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj did not pass away until he-saww had let the people know the matter of Ali-asws, so he-saww said: ‘One whose Master-saww I-saww was, so Ali-asws his Master-asws’. And he-saww said: ‘He-asws is from me-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as, apart from that there is no Prophet-saww after me-saww’.
وَ كَانَ صَاحِبَ رَايَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْمَوَاطِنِ كُلِّهَا وَ كَانَ مَعَهُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ يَدْخُلُهُ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ وَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ إِيمَاناً بِهِ فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ الَّذِي كَانَ لِمَا قَدْ قُضِيَ مِنَ الِاخْتِلَافِ وَ عَمَدَ عُمَرُ فَبَايَعَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ لَمْ يُدْفَنْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بَعْدُ
And he-asws was the bearer of the flag of Rasool-Allah-saww in all the places, and with him-saww in the Masjid. He-asws could enter it upon all states, and he-asws was the first of the people in believing in him-saww. When the Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj passed away, he-asws was the one, when the differing had been determined, and Umar deliberated and pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, and Rasool-Allah-saww had yet to be buried.
فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ رَأَى النَّاسَ قَدْ بَايَعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ خَشِيَ أَنْ يَفْتَتِنَ النَّاسُ فَفَرَغَ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ أَخَذَ يَجْمَعُهُ فِي مُصْحَفٍ
When Ali-asws saw that and saw the people to have pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, he-asws feared that the people might be tempted, so he-asws freed himself-asws to the Book of Allah-azwj and took to collecting it in a Parchment.
فَأَرْسَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ تَعَالَ فَبَايِعْ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَا أَخْرُجُ حَتَّى أَجْمَعَ الْقُرْآنَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى فَقَالَ لَا أَخْرُجُ حَتَّى أَفْرُغَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ الثَّالِثَةَ عُمَرُ رَجُلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ قُنْفُذٌ
Abu Bakr sent a message to him-asws, ‘Come and pledge allegiance’. Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws will not come out until I-asws collect the Quran’. He sent messages to him-asws once again. He-asws said: ‘I-asws will not come out until I-asws am free’. So, he sent a message to him for the third time, Umar and a man called Qunfuz.
فَقَامَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا تَحُولُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع فَضَرَبَهَا فَانْطَلَقَ قُنْفُذٌ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ فَخَشِيَ أَنْ يَجْمَعَ عَلِيٌّ النَّاسَ فَأَمَرَ بِحَطَبٍ فَجَعَلَ حَوَالَيْ بَيْتِهِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ عُمَرُ بِنَارٍ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يُحْرِقَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بَيْتَهُ وَ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ع ذَلِكَ خَرَجَ فَبَايَعَ كَارِهاً غَيْرَ طَائِعٍ.
(Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww stood to be a barrier between him and Ali-asws. He hit her-asws. Qunfuz went back without Ali-asws, and he feared that Ali-asws would gather the people, so he ordered for the firewood and made it to be around his-asws house. Then Umar came with fire and wanted to burn down upon Ali-asws, his-asws house, and upon Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws. When he-asws saw that, he-asws came out and pledged allegiance unwillingly, not willingly’’.[17]
17- جا، المجالس للمفيد الْجِعَابِيُّ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عُفَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ لَهِيعَةَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي هِلَالٍ عَنْ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ: لَمَّا بَايَعَ النَّاسُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ بَيْتَ فَاطِمَةَ ع وَ أَبَوْا أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَضْرِمُوا عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَيْتَ نَاراً فَخَرَجَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَ مَعَهُ سَيْفُهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْكَلْبِ
(The book) ‘Al Majaalis’ of Al Mufeed – Al JIany, from Al Abbas Bin Al Mugheira, from Ahmad Bin Mansour, from Saeed Bin Ufeyr, from Ibn Lahiya, from Khalid Bin Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Hilal, from Marwan Bin Usman who said,
‘When the people pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, Ali-asws and Al-Zubeyr and Al-Miqdad-ra entered the house of (Syeda) Fatima-asws and refused to come out. Umar Bin Al-Khattab said, ‘Ignite fire (and) set the house (on fire and) around them!’ Al-Zubeyr came out and with him was his sword. Abu Bakr said, ‘Upon you is to deal with the dog!’
فَقَصَدُوا نَحْوَهُ فَزَلَّتْ قَدَمُهُ وَ سَقَطَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ وَ وَقَعَ السَّيْفُ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ اضْرِبُوا بِهِ الْحَجَرَ فَضُرِبَ بِهِ الْحَجَرُ حَتَّى انْكَسَرَ وَ خَرَجَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع نَحْوَ الْعَالِيَةِ فَلَقِيَهُ ثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ
They aimed to around him, and his foot slipped and he fell upon the ground, and the sword fell from his hands. Abu Bakr said, ‘Strike the rock with it’. They struck the rock with it until it broke, and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws came out to around the high slope and was met by Sabit Bin Qays Bin Shammas. He said, ‘What is your concern O Abu Al-Hassan-asws?’
فَقَالَ أَرَادُوا أَنْ يُحْرِقُوا عَلَيَّ بَيْتِي وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يُبَايَعُ لَهُ لَا يَدْفَعُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَ لَا يُنْكِرُ فَقَالَ لَهُ ثَابِتٌ وَ لَا تُفَارِقُ كَفِّي يَدَكَ أَبَداً حَتَّى أُقْتَلَ دُونَكَ
They want to burn down my-asws house upon me-asws, and Abu Bakr is upon the pulpit being pledged to, neither is he being repelled from that nor denied!’ Sabit said to him-asws, ‘My palm will not separate from your-asws hand, ever, until I kill the ones besides you-asws’.
فَانْطَلَقَا جَمِيعاً حَتَّى عاد [عَادَا] إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَ فَاطِمَةُ ع وَاقِفَةٌ عَلَى بَابِهَا وَ قَدْ خَلَتْ دَارُهَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ وَ هِيَ تَقُولُ لَا عَهْدَ لِي بِقَوْمٍ أَسْوَأَ مَحْضَراً مِنْكُمْ تَرَكْتُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص جِنَازَةً بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا وَ قَطَعْتُمْ أَمْرَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ لَمْ تَسْتَأْمِرُونَا وَ صَنَعْتُمْ بِنَا مَا صَنَعْتُمْ وَ لَمْ تَرَوْا لَنَا حَقّاً.
They both went together until they returned to Al-Medina, and Fatima-asws was standing at her-asws door, and her-asws house had been vacated (its interior) from every one of the group, and she-asws was saying: ‘There is no pact for me-asws with a people or eviler presence of you all. You neglected the funeral of Rasool-Allah-saww in front of us-asws, and divided your matters between you. You did not make us-asws the rulers and did with us-asws what you did, and you did not see any right being for us-asws’’.[18]
18- جا، المجالس للمفيد الْكَاتِبُ عَنِ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ عَنِ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ لَهِيعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَ: لَمَّا بَايَعَ النَّاسُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ خَرَجَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ ص فَوَقَفَتْ عَلَى بَابِهَا وَ قَالَتْ مَا رَأَيْتُ كَالْيَوْمِ قَطُّ حَضَرُوا أَسْوَأَ مَحْضَرٍ وَ تَرَكُوا نَبِيَّهُمْ ص جِنَازَةً بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا وَ اسْتَبَدُّوا بِالْأَمْرِ دُونَنَا.
(The book) ‘Al Majaalis’ – The scribe, from Al Zafrany, from Abu Ismail Al Attar, from Ibn Lahiya, from Abu Al Aswd, from Urwat bin Al Zubeyr who said,
‘When the people pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww came out and paused at her-asws door and she-asws said: ‘I-asws have not seen like today at all! They presented with the evilest of presentations, and they neglected the funeral of their Prophet-saww in our midst, and began with the command besides us-asws!’’[19]
19- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب فَضَائِلُ السَّمْعَانِيِّ وَ أَبِي السَّعَادَاتِ وَ تَارِيخُ الْخَطِيبِ وَ اللَّفْظُ لِلسَّمْعَانِيِّ قَالَ أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ جَاءَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ هُوَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ انْزِلْ عَنْ مَجْلِسِ أَبِي
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub, ‘Fazail’ of al Sam’any, and Abu Al Sa’daaat, and ‘Tareekh’ of Al Khateeb, and the words of Al Sam’any who said,
‘Usama Bin Zayd said, ‘Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws came to Abu Bakr, and he was upon the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww. He said, ‘Descend from the seat of my-asws father-asws!’
قَالَ صَدَقْتَ إِنَّهُ مَجْلِسُ أَبِيكَ ثُمَّ أَجْلَسَهُ فِي حَجْرِهِ وَ بَكَى فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانَ هَذَا عَنْ أَمْرِي فَقَالَ صَدَّقْتُكَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا اتَّهَمْتُكَ.
He (Abu Bakr) said, ‘You-asws speak the truth! It is the seat of your-asws father-asws, then I had him-asws seated in his-asws chamber’ – and he (Abu Bakr) wept. Ali-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! This was not from my-asws matters’. He-asws (Al Hassan-asws) said: ‘He ratified you-asws, by Allah-azwj what he had accused you-asws of’’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ الْخَطِيبِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع قُلْتُ لِعُمَرَ انْزِلْ عَنْ مِنْبَرِ أَبِي وَ اذْهَبْ إِلَى مِنْبَرِ أَبِيكَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِأَبِي مِنْبَرٌ وَ أَخَذَنِي وَ أَجْلَسَنِي مَعَهُ ثُمَّ سَأَلَنِي مَنْ عَلَّمَكَ هَذَا فَقُلْتُ وَ اللَّهِ مَا عَلَّمَنِي أَحَدٌ.
And in a report of Al-Khateeb – Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘I-asws said to Umar: ‘Descend from the pulpit of my-asws father-asws, and go to the pulpit of your father’. Umar said, ‘There does not happen to be any pulpit for my father’ – and he took me-asws and seated me-asws with him. Then he asked me-asws, ‘Who taught you this?’ I-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! No one taught me-asws’’.[20]
20- مَأْخُوذٌ مِنْ مَنَاقِبِ ابْنِ الْجَوْزِيِّ، خُطْبَةٌ خَطَبَ بِهَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص رَوَى مُجَاهِدٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ:
It is taken from (the book) ‘Manaqib’ of Ibn Al Jowzy –
‘A sermon Amir Al-Momineen-asws addressed with after the expiry of Rasool-Allah-saww, reported by Mujahid from Ibn Abbas who said,
لَمَّا دُفِنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جَاءَ الْعَبَّاسُ وَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَ نَفَرٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالُوا مُدَّ يَدَكَ نُبَايِعْكَ وَ هَذَا الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي قَالَ فِيهِ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ إِنْ شِئْتَ مَلَأْتُهَا خَيْلًا وَ رَجِلًا وَ حَرَّضُوهُ فَامْتَنَعَ وَ قَالَ لَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ أَنْتَ وَ اللَّهِ بَعْدَ أَيَّامٍ عَبْدُ الْعَصَا
‘When Rasool-Allah-saww had been buried, Al-Abbas and Abu Sufyan Bin Harb, and a number of the Clan of Hashim-asws came to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and they said, ‘Extend your-asws hand, and today, this is the day in which Abu Sufyan said, ‘If you-asws like, I shall fill it (Al-Medina) with cavalry and infantry, and incite it’. Al-Abbas refrained and said to him, ‘By Allah-azwj! After a few days you will be a servant of the stick’.
فَخَطَبَ وَ قَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ شُقُّوا أَمْوَاجَ الْفِتَنِ بِسُفُنِ النَّجَاةِ وَ عَرِّجُوا عَنْ طَرِيقِ الْمُنَافَرَةِ وَ ضَعُوا تِيجَانَ الْمُفَاخَرَةِ فَقَدْ فَازَ مَنْ نَهَضَ بِجَنَاحٍ أَوِ اسْتَسْلَمَ
He-asws addressed and said: ‘O you people! Split apart the waves of Fitna by the ship of salvation, and hobble away from the path of intimidation, and place down the crowns of bragging, for the successful is the one who rises with wings, or submits.
فَارْتَاحَ مَاءٌ آجِنٌ وَ لُقْمَةٌ يَغَصُّ بِهَا آكِلُهَا أَجْدَرُ بِالْعَاقِلِ مِنْ لُقْمَةٍ تخشى [تُحْشَى] بِزُنْبُورٍ وَ مِنْ شَرْبَةٍ تَلَذُّ بِهَا شَارِبُهَا مَعَ تَرْكِ النَّظَرِ فِي عَوَاقِبِ الْأُمُورِ
So he (Abu Bakr) soaked up putrid water, and swallowed a morsel he would suffocate with it. It was more reasonable with the intellectual than a morsel filled with wasps, and from a drink its drinker deriving pleasure with it along with neglecting the consideration regarding the end-results of the matters.
فَإِنْ أَقُلْ يَقُولُوا حَرَصَ عَلَى الْمُلْكِ وَ إِنْ أَسْكُتْ يَقُولُوا جَزِعَ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ هَيْهَاتَ هَيْهَاتَ بَعْدَ اللَّتَيَّا وَ الَّتِي وَ اللَّهِ لَابْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ آنَسُ بِالْمَوْتِ مِنَ الطِّفْلِ بِثَدْيِ أُمِّهِ وَ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ بِأَخِيهِ وَ عَمِّهِ
So, if I-asws say (anything), they say, ‘He-asws greedy upon the kingdom’, and if I-asws keep quiet, they say, ‘He-asws is panicking from the death’. Far be it! Far be it! After that which I-asws have been through. By Allah-azwj! The son-asws of Abu Talib-asws is more comfortable with the death than the child is with a breast of its mother, and more than a brother is with his brother, and his uncle.
وَ لَقَدِ انْدَمَجْتُ عَلَى عِلْمٍ لَوْ بُحْتُ بِهِ لَاضْطَرَبْتُمُ اضْطِرَابَ الْأَرْشِيَةِ فِي الطَّوِيِّ الْبَعِيدَةِ وَ ذَكَرَ كَلَاماً كَثِيراً.
I-asws am integrated upon such knowledge, if I-asws were to disclose it, you will tremble the trembling of the rope in the deep well’ – and mentioned a lot of speech’’.[21]
21- كش، رجال الكشي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ حَفْصٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: جَاءَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَ الْأَنْصَارُ وَ غَيْرُهُمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالُوا لَهُ أَنْتَ وَ اللَّهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ أَنْتَ وَ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ وَ أَوْلَاهُمْ بِالنَّبِيِّ ص هَلُمَّ يَدَكَ نُبَايِعْكَ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَنَمُوتَنَّ قُدَّامَكَ
(The book) ‘Rijaal Al Kashy’ – Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazan, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Wahb Bin Hafs, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘After that, the Emigrants, and the Helpers and others came to Ali-asws and they said to him-asws, ‘By Allah-azwj! You-asws are Amir Al-Momineen, and by Allah-azwj you-asws are the most rightful of the people, and their foremost with the Prophet-saww. Give your-asws hand, we shall pledge allegiance to you. By Allah-azwj! We shall die (fighting) in front of you-asws’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ فَاغْدُوا عَلَيَّ غَداً مُحَلِّقِينَ فَحَلَقَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ حَلَقَ سَلْمَانُ وَ حَلَقَ مِقْدَادٌ وَ حَلَقَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ لَمْ يَحْلِقْ غَيْرُهُمْ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفُوا
Ali-asws said: ‘If you were truthful, then come to me tomorrow morning having shaved your heads!’ Amir Al-Momineen-asws shaved his-asws head, and Salman-ra shaved, and Miqdad-ra shaved, and Abu Zarr-ra shaved, and others did not shave. Then they dispersed.
فَجَاءُوا مَرَّةً أُخْرَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالُوا لَهُ أَنْتَ وَ اللَّهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ أَنْتَ أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ وَ أَوْلَاهُمْ بِالنَّبِيِّ ص هَلُمَّ يَدَكَ نُبَايِعْكَ وَ حَلَفُوا
They came to him-asws again after that and they said to him-asws, ‘You-asws, by Allah-azwj, are Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and you-asws are the most rightful of the people, and their foremost with the Prophet-saww. Give your-asws hand, we shall pledge allegiance to you-asws’, and they swore oaths.
فَقَالَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ فَاغْدُوا عَلَيَّ مُحَلِّقِينَ فَمَا حَلَّقَ إِلَّا هَؤُلَاءِ الثَّلَاثَةُ
He-asws said: ‘If you were truthful, then come to me-asws in the morning having shaved your heads’. But, no one shaved except those three’.
قُلْتُ فَمَا كَانَ فِيهِمْ عَمَّارٌ فَقَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَعَمَّارٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الرِّدَّةِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ عَمَّاراً قَدْ قَاتَلَ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ ع بَعْدُ.
I said, ‘Ammar wasn’t among them?’ He-asws said: ‘No’. I said, ‘So, is Ammar from the people of apostasy?’ He-asws said: ‘Ammar had fought alongside Ali-asws afterwards’’.[22]
22- كش، رجال الكشي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ وَ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ حَمْدَوَيْهِ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ ابْنَا نُصَيْرٍ قَالا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: كَانَ النَّاسُ أَهْلَ رِدَّةٍ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ ص إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةً فَقُلْتُ وَ مَنِ الثَّلَاثَةُ فَقَالَ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ وَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ ثُمَّ عَرَفَ النَّاسُ بَعْدَ يَسِيرٍ
(The book) ‘Rijal Al Kashy’ – Abu Al Hassan, and Abu Is’haq Hamdawiya and Ibrahim, two sons of Nuseyr, both said, ‘It was narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Usman, from hanan Bin Sadeye, from his father,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The people had turned to be apostates after the Prophet-saww except three’. I said, ‘And who are the three?’ He-asws said: ‘Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-ra, and Abu Zarr Al-Ghifari-ra, and Salman Al-Farsi-ra. Then the people realised after a little while’.
وَ قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ دَارَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الرَّحَى وَ أَبَوْا أَنْ يُبَايِعُوا حَتَّى جَاءُوا بِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مُكْرَهاً فَبَايَعَ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ ما مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ ماتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلى أَعْقابِكُمْ الْآيَةَ.
And he-asws said: ‘They are those upon them the mill turned (they were ground), and they refused to pledge allegiance until they came to Amir Al-Momineen-asws. They were coerced, so they pledged allegiance (to Abu Bakr), and that is the Word of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And Muhammad is not except for a Rasool; the Rasools have already passed away before him; so if he dies or is killed will you turn back upon your heels? [3:144] – the Verse’’.[23]
23- كش، رجال الكشي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْقُتَيْبِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الرَّازِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ لَمَّا مَرُّوا بِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ فِي رَقَبَتِهِ حَبْلٌ إِلَى زُرَيْقٍ ضَرَبَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ بِيَدِهِ عَلَى الْأُخْرَى فَقَالَ لَيْتَ السُّيُوفَ قَدْ عَادَتْ بِأَيْدِينَا ثَانِيَةً
(The book) ‘Rijal al Kashy’ – Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al Quteybi, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Razy, from Amro Bin usman, from a man from Abu Hamza who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘When they passed dragging Amir Al-Momineen-asws to Zureyq (Abu Bakr), and in his-asws neck was a rope, Abu Zarr-ra struck his-ra hand upon the other and said, ‘If only the swords had been returned to our hands again’.
وَ قَالَ مِقْدَادٌ لَوْ شَاءَ لَدَعَا عَلَيْهِ رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ قَالَ سَلْمَانُ مَوْلَايَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا هُوَ فِيهِ.
And Miqdad-ra said, ‘If he-asws so desires, he-asws supplicated to his-asws Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic’. And Salman-ra said, ‘My-ra Master-asws is more knowing with what situation he-asws is in’’.[24]
24- كش، رجال الكشي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ وَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ بْنَ أَعْيَنَ يَسْأَلُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَسْأَلُهُ حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُ فَهَلَكَ النَّاسُ إِذاً قَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ يَا ابْنَ أَعْيَنَ هَلَكَ النَّاسُ أَجْمَعُونَ قُلْتُ مَنْ فِي الشَّرْقِ وَ مَنْ فِي الْغَرْبِ
(The book) ‘Rijal al Kashy’ – Muhammad Bin Masoud, from ali Bin Fazzal, from Al Abbas Bin Aamir, and Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Hakeem, from Aban Bin usman, from Al Haris Bin Al Mugheira who said,
‘I heard Abdul Malik Bin Ayn asking Abu Abdullah-asws, and did not cease asking him-asws until he said to him-asws, ‘The people were (all) destroyed, then!’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj, O Ibn Ayn! The people were all destroyed’. I said, ‘Ones in the east and ones in the west?’
قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنَّهَا فُتِحَتْ عَلَى الضَّلَالِ إِي وَ اللَّهِ هَلَكُوا إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةً ثُمَّ لَحِقَ أَبُو سَاسَانَ وَ عَمَّارٌ وَ شُتَيْرَةُ وَ أَبُو عَمْرَةَ فَصَارُوا سَبْعَةً.
He (the narrator) said, ‘So he-asws said: ‘Surely it (door) was opened up for the straying. Yes, by Allah-azwj, they were all destroyed, except three’. Then Abu Sasan, and Ammar, and Shuteyra, and Abu Amro joined up, and they became seven’’.[25]
25- كش، رجال الكشي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع ارْتَدَّ النَّاسُ إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةٌ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ سَلْمَانُ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَأَيْنَ أَبُو سَاسَانَ وَ أَبُو عَمْرَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُ.
(The book) ‘Rijal Al Kashy’ – Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazan, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibrahim bin Abdul Hameed, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The people (all of them) became apostates except three – Abu Zarr-ra, and Salman-ra, and Al Miqdad-ra?’ Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘So where is (your mention of) Abu Sanan, and Abu Amro Al-Ansari?’’[26]
26- كش، رجال الكشي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع ارْتَدَّ النَّاسُ إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ سَلْمَانُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَعَمَّارٌ قَالَ قَدْ كَانَ حَاصَ حَيْصَةً ثُمَّ رَجَعَ
(The book) ‘Rijal al Kashy’ – Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Ibn Ameyra, from Abu Bakr Al Hazramy who said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘The people became apostates except three persons – Salman-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra and Al-Miqdad-ra’. I said, ‘So what (about) Ammar?’ He-asws said: ‘He fled escaping, then returned’.
قَالَ إِنْ أَرَدْتَ الَّذِي لَمْ يَشُكَّ وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْهُ شَيْءٌ فَالْمِقْدَادُ
He-asws said: ‘If you intend the ones who did not doubt, and nothing entered into him (of the suspicion), then Al-Miqdad-ra.
فَأَمَّا سَلْمَانُ فَإِنَّهُ عَرَضَ فِي قَلْبِهِ عَارِضٌ أَنَّ عِنْدَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع اسْمَ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمَ وَ لَوْ تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ لَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الْأَرْضُ وَ هُوَ هَكَذَا فَلُبِّبَ وَ وُجِئَتْ عُنُقُهُ حَتَّى تُرِكَتْ كَالسِّلْعَةِ فَمَرَّ بِهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ هَذَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ بَايِعْ فَبَايَعَ
As for Salman-ra, he-ra there had presented an issue in his-ra heart that a Magnificent Name of Allah-azwj was with Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and if he-asws were to speak with it, the ground would seize them (adversaries), and it is like that. So he-ra was satisfied, and his-ra neck was pained (beaten up) until he-ra was discarded like a commodity. Amir Al-Momineen-asws passed by him-ra and said to him-ra: ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! This is from (refusing) that allegiance, so pledge allegiance (to Abu Bakr)’.
وَ أَمَّا أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَأَمَرَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِالسُّكُوتِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَأْخُذُهُ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ فَأَبَى إِلَّا أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ فَمَرَّ بِهِ عُثْمَانُ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ
And as for Abu Zarr-ra, Amir Al-Momineen-asws had ordered him-ra with the silence, and he-ra should not take any accusation regarding Allah-azwj of any accuser’. But he-ra refused, except that he-ra would speak. Usman passed by him-asws and ordered with him-ra.
ثُمَّ أَنَابَ النَّاسُ بَعْدُ وَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَنَابَ أَبُو سَاسَانَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ وَ أَبُو عَمْرَةَ وَ شُتَيْرَةُ وَ كَانُوا سَبْعَةً فَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَعْرِفُ حَقَّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِلَّا هَؤُلَاءِ السَّبْعَةُ.
Then the people repented afterwards, and the first one to turn was Abu Sasan Al-Ansari, and Abu Amra, and Shuteyra, and they became seven. So, no one happened to have recognised the right of Amir Al-Momineen-asws except these seven’’.[27]
27- كا، الكافي فِي الرَّوْضَةِ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ التَّيِّهَانِ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع خَطَبَ النَّاسَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ كَانَ حَيّاً بِلَا كَيْفٍ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كَانَ وَ لَا كَانَ لِكَانَهُ كَيْفٌ وَ لَا كَانَ لَهُ أَيْنٌ وَ لَا كَانَ فِي شَيْءٍ وَ لَا كَانَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ وَ لَا ابْتَدَعَ لِكَانَهُ مَكَاناً
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – in ‘Al Rawda’ – Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Ma’mar, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from bdullah Bin Ayoub Al Ashary, from Abu Amro Al Awasie, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Salama Bin Kuheyl, from Abu Al Haysam Bin Al Tayhan,
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws addressed the people at Al-Medina. He-asws said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who, there is no god except He-azwj. He-saww would always be alive without ‘how’, and there does not happen to be any ‘was’ for Him-azwj, nor would there be a ‘how’ for His-azwj Existence, nor is there any ‘where’ for His-azwj Existence, nor did He-azwj exist in anything, nor was He-azwj upon anything, nor is there a place for the beginning for His-azwj Existence.
وَ لَا قَوِيَ بَعْدَ مَا كَوَّنَ شَيْئاً وَ لَا كَانَ ضَعِيفاً قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَوِّنَ شَيْئاً وَ لَا كَانَ مُسْتَوْحِشاً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْتَدِعَ شَيْئاً وَ لَا يُشْبِهُ شَيْئاً وَ لَا كَانَ خِلْواً مِنْ الْمُلْكِ قَبْلَ إِنْشَائِهِ وَ لَا يَكُونُ خِلْواً مِنْهُ بَعْدَ ذَهَابِهِ
And He-azwj did not become stronger after having Created anything, nor was He-azwj ever weak before He-azwj had Created anything, nor was He-azwj lonesome before He-azwj Began anything, nor does anything resemble Him-azwj, nor was He-azwj vacant from the kingdom before He-azwj Crated it, nor will He-azwj happen to be vacant from it after its disappearance.
كَانَ إِلَهاً حَيّاً بِلَا حَيَاةٍ وَ مَالِكاً قَبْلَ أَنْ يُنْشِئَ شَيْئاً وَ مَالِكاً بَعْدَ إِنْشَائِهِ لِلْكَوْنِ وَ لَيْسَ يَكُونُ لِلَّهِ كَيْفٌ وَ لَا أَيْنٌ وَ لَا حَدٌّ يُعْرَفُ وَ لَا شَيْءٌ يُشْبِهُهُ وَ لَا يَهْرَمُ لِطُولِ بَقَائِهِ وَ لَا يَضْعُفُ لِذُعْرِهِ وَ لَا يَخَافُ كَمَا يَخَافُ خَلِيقَتُهُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ
He-azwj was a living God without life, and a King before He-azwj Created anything, and a King after He-azwj Created it, and there isn’t any ‘how’ to happen to be for Allah-azwj, nor ‘where’, nor a limit recognisable, nor anything resembling Him-azwj, nor does He-azwj age due to the prolongation of His-azwj Life, nor does He-azwj weaken of His-azwj fright, nor does He-azwj fear like the fear of His-azwj creatures.
وَ لَكِنْ سَمِيعٌ بِغَيْرِ سَمْعٍ وَ بَصِيرٌ بِغَيْرِ بَصَرٍ وَ قَوِيٌّ بِغَيْرِ قُوَّةٍ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ لَا تُدْرِكُهُ حَدَقُ النَّاظِرِينَ وَ لَا يُحِيطُ بِسَمْعِهِ سَمْعُ السَّامِعِينَ
But, He-azwj Hears without ears, and Sees without sight (eyes), and is Strong without strength from His-azwj creatures, nor can the gaze of the beholders realise Him-azwj, nor can the hearing of the listeners comprehend His-azwj Hearing.
إِذَا أَرَادَ شَيْئاً كَانَ بِلَا مَشُورَةٍ وَ لَا مُظَاهَرَةٍ وَ لَا مُخَابَرَةٍ وَ لَا يَسْأَلُ أَحَداً عَنْ شَيْءٍ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ أَرَادَهُ لا تُدْرِكُهُ الْأَبْصارُ وَ هُوَ يُدْرِكُ الْأَبْصارَ وَ هُوَ اللَّطِيفُ الْخَبِيرُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ
Whenever He-azwj Intends anything, it would be without consultation, nor demonstration, nor information, nor does He-azwj Ask anyone from His-azwj creatures about anything He-azwj Wants: Visions cannot comprehend Him, and He Comprehends the visions; and He is the Knower of the subtleties, the Aware [6:103]. And I-asws testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj Alone, there being no associates for Him-azwj.
وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ بِالْهُدى وَ دِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ
And I-asws testify that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww. He-azwj Sent him-saww with the Guidance and the Religion of Truth in order to prevail it upon all the Religions, and even if the Polytheists dislike it [9:33].
فَبَلَّغَ الرِّسَالَةَ وَ أَنْهَجَ الدَّلَالَةَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَيُّهَا الْأُمَّةُ الَّتِي خُدِعَتْ فَانْخَدَعَتْ وَ عَرَفَتْ خَدِيعَةَ مَنْ خَدَعَهَا فَأَصَرَّتْ عَلَى مَا عَرَفَتْ وَ اتَّبَعَتْ أَهْوَاءَهَا وَ ضَرَبَتْ فِي عَشْوَاءِ غوائها [غَوَايَتِهَا] وَ قَدِ اسْتَبَانَ لَهَا الْحَقُ فَصَدَعَتْ عَنْهُ وَ الطَّرِيقُ الْوَاضِحُ فَتَنَكَّبَتْهُ
He-saww delivered the Message, and clarified the evidence. O you community (who was) deceived so it deceived, and recognised the deception of the one who deceived, and came to be upon what it recognised, and pursued its whims, and struck out in the darkness of its errors, and (although) the truth had been clarified for it, but it blocked from it, and the clear path, but it censured it.
أَمَا وَ الَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَ بَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ لَوِ اقْتَبَسْتُمُ الْعِلْمَ مِنْ مَعْدِنِهِ وَ شَرِبْتُمُ الْمَاءَ بِعُذُوبَتِهِ وَ ادَّخَرْتُمُ الْخَيْرَ مِنْ مَوْضِعِهِ وَ أَخَذْتُمْ مِنَ الطَّرِيقِ وَاضِحَهُ وَ سَلَكْتُمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ نَهْجَهُ لَنَهَجَتْ بِكُمُ السُّبُلُ وَ بَدَتْ لَكُمُ الْأَعْلَامُ وَ أَضَاءَ لَكُمُ الْإِسْلَامُ فَأَكَلْتُمْ رَغَداً وَ مَا عَالَ فِيكُمْ عَائِلٌ وَ لَا ظُلِمَ مِنْكُمْ مُسْلِمٌ وَ لَا مُعَاهَدٌ
But, by the One-azwj Who Split the seed and Formed the person! If you were to attain the knowledge from its mine, and drunk the water with its sweetness, and hoarded the goodness from its place, and took from the clear road and travelled from the truth on its manifesto, you would have followed the paths, and the signs would have been manifested to you, and Al-Islam would have been illuminated for you, and you would have eaten well and nor dependant of your would have been ill, nor Muslim from you would have been oppressed, nor any ally.
وَ لَكِنْ سَلَكْتُمْ سَبِيلَ الظَّلَامِ فَأَظْلَمَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ دُنْيَاكُمْ بِرُحْبِهَا وَ سُدَّتْ عَلَيْكُمْ أَبْوَابُ الْعِلْمِ فَقُلْتُمْ بِأَهْوَائِكُمْ وَ اخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِي دِينِكُمْ فَأَفْتَيْتُمْ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَ اتَّبَعْتُمُ الْغُوَاةَ فَأَغْوَتْكُمْ وَ تَرَكْتُمُ الْأَئِمَّةَ فَتَرَكُوكُمْ
But, you travelled the way of the darkness, so your world became dark upon you with its welcome, and closed the doors of knowledge upon you. So, you spoke with your whims, and differed in your religion, and you issued verdicts in the Religion of Allah-azwj without knowledge, and followed the deviants, so they deviated you, and you neglected the Imams-asws, and they-asws left you.
فَأَصْبَحْتُمْ تَحْكُمُونَ بِأَهْوَائِكُمْ إِذَا ذُكِرَ الْأَمْرُ سَأَلْتُمْ أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ فَإِذَا أَفْتَوْكُمْ قُلْتُمْ هُوَ الْعِلْمُ بِعَيْنِهِ فَكَيْفَ وَ قَدْ تَرَكْتُمُوهُ وَ نَبَذْتُمُوهُ وَ خَالَفْتُمُوهُ رُوَيْداً عَمَّا قَلِيلٍ تَحْصُدُونَ جَمِيعَ مَا زَرَعْتُمْ وَ تَجِدُونَ وَخِيمَ مَا اجْتَرَمْتُمْ وَ مَا اجْتَلَبْتُمْ
So, you became judging by your whims. When the matter was mentioned that you should be asking the people of Al-Zikr when you issue your verdicts, you said, ‘It is the knowledge exactly’. How, and you have left him-asws, and rejected him-asws, and opposed him-asws? Little by little, after a little while, you will be reaping the entirety of what you have sowed, and you will find the severity of what crimes you had committed, and what you had brought about.
وَ الَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَ بَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ أَنِّي صَاحِبُكُمْ وَ الَّذِي بِهِ أُمِرْتُمْ وَ إِنِّي عَالِمُكُمْ وَ الَّذِي بِعِلْمِهِ نَجَاتُكُمْ وَ وَصِيُّ نَبِيِّكُمْ ص وَ خِيَرَةُ رَبِّكُمْ وَ لِسَانُ نُورِكُمْ وَ الْعَالِمُ بِمَا يُصْلِحُكُمْ
By the One-azwj Who Split the seed and Formed the person! You have known that I-asws am your Master-asws, and the one you have been Commanded with, and I-asws am your most knowledgeable one and the one with his-saww knowledge, your salvation, and successor-asws of your Prophet-saww and the Choice of your Lord-azwj, and tongue of your light, and the knowledge with what you can be corrected.
فَعَنْ قَلِيلٍ رُوَيْداً يَنْزِلُ بِكُمْ مَا وُعِدْتُمْ وَ مَا نَزَلَ بِالْأُمَمِ قَبْلَكُمْ وَ سَيَسْأَلُكُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْ أَئِمَّتِكُمْ مَعَهُمْ تُحْشَرُونَ وَ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ غَداً تَصِيرُونَ
After a little while, little by little, it will befall with you what you have been Threatened with, and what had befallen with the communities before you, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will be Questioning you about your leaders – (with whom) you would be Resurrected with to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic tomorrow you will be coming to.
أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ كَانَ لِي عِدَّةُ أَصْحَابِ طَالُوتَ أَوْ عِدَّةُ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ وَ هُمْ أَعْدَاؤُكُمْ لَضَرَبْتُكُمْ بِالسَّيْفِ حَتَّى تَئُولُوا إِلَى الْحَقِّ وَ تُنِيبُوا لِلصِّدْقِ فَكَانَ أَرْتَقَ لِلْفَتْقِ وَ آخَذَ بِالرِّفْقِ
But, by Allah-azwj! If there was for me the number of companions of Talut, or the number of the people at Badr, and they were your enemies, I-asws would have struck you all with the sword until you would have returned to the truth, and be reprimanded for (having left) the truthfulness, so you would progress for the disassociation and take with the gentleness.
اللَّهُمَّ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَنَا بِالْحَقِّ وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْحَاكِمِينَ
O Allah-azwj! Judge between us with the truth and You-azwj are the best of the judges!’
قَالَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَمَرَّ بِصِيرَةٍ فِيهَا نَحْوٌ مِنْ ثَلَاثِينَ شَاةً فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ لِي رِجَالًا يَنْصَحُونَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِعَدَدِ هَذِهِ الشِّيَاهِ لَأَزَلْتُ ابْنَ آكِلَةِ الذِّبَّانِ عَنْ مُلْكِهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then he-asws went out from the Masjid and passed by an enclosure and in it were around thirty sheep. He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! If there were for me men advising for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and for Rasool-Allah-saww, the number of these sheep, I-asws would have removed the eater of the swarms of flies, from his kingdom’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَمْسَى بَايَعَهُ ثَلَاثُمِائَةٍ وَ سِتُّونَ رَجُلًا عَلَى الْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع اغْدُوا بِنَا إِلَى أَحْجَارِ الزَّيْتِ مُحَلِّقِينَ وَ حَلَّقَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَمَا وَافَى مِنَ الْقَوْمِ مُحَلِّقاً إِلَّا أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ حُذَيْفَةُ بْنُ الْيَمَانِ وَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ وَ جَاءَ سَلْمَانُ فِي آخِرِ الْقَوْمِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘When it was evening, three hundred and sixty men had pledge to him-asws upon the death. Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Come to us in the morning at the olive trees having shaved your heads’; and Amir Al-Momineen-asws shaved. But, no one from the people was loyal having shaved their heads, except Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad, and Huzeyfa Bin Al-Yaman, and Ammar Bin Yasser, and Salman-ra came at the end of the group.
فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي كَمَا اسْتَضْعَفَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ هَارُونَ اللَّهُمَّ فَ إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ ما نُخْفِي وَ ما نُعْلِنُ وَ مَا يَخْفَى عَلَيْكَ شَيْءٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ لا فِي السَّماءِ* تَوَفَّنِي مُسْلِماً وَ أَلْحِقْنِي بِالصَّالِحِينَ
He-asws raised his-asws hands towards the sky and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Surely the people weakened me [7:150], just as the children of Israel had weakened Haroun-as. O Allah-azwj! Surely You Know what we hide and what we announce, [14:38], and there is nothing hidden upon You-azwj in the earth, nor in the sky. Cause me to die a submitter and join me with the righteous ones’ [12:101].
أَمَا وَ الْبَيْتِ وَ الْمُفْضِي إِلَى الْبَيْتِ وَ فِي النُّسْخَةِ وَ الْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَ الْخِفَافِ إِلَى التَّجْمِيرِ لَوْ لَا عَهْدٌ عَهِدَهُ إِلَيَّ النَّبِيُّ ص لَأَوْرَدْتُ الْمُخَالِفِينَ خَلِيجَ الْمَنِيَّةِ وَ لَأَرْسَلْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَآبِيبَ صَوَاعِقِ الْمَوْتِ وَ عَنْ قَلِيلٍ سَيَعْلَمُونَ.
But, by the House (Kabah) and the pilgrims to the House!’ – and in a copy, ‘And Al-Muzdalif and the stones (pebbles) to the stoning! If the Prophet-saww had not pacted to me-asws his-saww pact, I-asws would have sent the gulf of death to the adversaries, and would have sent flashes of lighting of death upon them, and after a little while, they will come to know’’.[28]
28- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ الْعُطَارِدِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا بَايَعَ النَّاسُ لِأَبِي بِكْرٍ دَخَلَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفى آدَمَ وَ نُوحاً وَ آلَ إِبْراهِيمَ وَ آلَ عِمْرانَ عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ ذُرِّيَّةً بَعْضُها مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَ اللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin Bazie, by his chain from Abu Raja’a, by his chain, from Raja’a Al Utaridy who said,
‘When the people pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, Abu Zarr Al-Ghifari-ra entered the Masjid and said, ‘Surely Allah chose Adam and Noah and the progeny of Ibrahim and the progeny of Imran above the worlds [3:33] Offspring, one being from the other; and Allah is Hearing, Knowing [3:34].
فَأَهْلُ بَيْتَ نَبِيِّكُمْ هُمُ الْآلُ مِنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ الصَّفْوَةُ وَ السُّلَالَةُ مِنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ الْعِتْرَةُ الْهَادِيَةُ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ ص
The People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww, they-asws are the progeny from Ibrahim-as, and the elites, and the descent from Ismail-as, and the guiding family-asws from Muhammad-saww.
فَبِمُحَمَّدٍ شُرِّفَ شَرِيفُهُمْ فَاسْتَوْجَبُوا حَقَّهُمْ وَ نَالُوا الْفَضِيلَةَ مِنَ رَبِّهِمْ كَالسَّمَاءِ الْمَبْنِيَّةِ وَ الْأَرْضِ الْمَدْحِيَّةِ وَ الْجِبَالِ الْمَنْصُوبَةِ وَ الْكَعْبَةِ الْمَسْتُورَةِ وَ الشَّمْسِ الضَّاحِيَةِ وَ النُّجُومِ الْهَادِيَةِ وَ الشَّجَرَةِ النَّبَوِيَّةِ أَضَاءَ زَيْتُهَا وَ بُورِكَ مَا حَوْلَهَا
So, by Muhammad-saww, their-asws nobility is ennobled, and their-asws rights are obligated, and the merits is Given from their-asws Lord-azwj, like the built sky, and the spread out earth, and the installed mountains, and the veiled Kabah, and the illuminating sun, and the guiding stars, and the tree of Prophet-hood is more illuminating in its oil, and Blessed is what is around it.
فَمُحَمَّدٌ ص وَصِيُّ آدَمَ وَ وَارِثُ عِلْمِهِ وَ إِمَامُ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَ قَائِدُ الْغُرِّ الْمُحَجَّلِينَ وَ تَأْوِيلُ الْقُرْآنِ الْعَظِيمِ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع الصِّدِّيقُ الْأَكْبَرُ وَ الْفَارُوقُ الْأَعْظَمُ وَ وَصِيُّ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ وَارِثُ عِلْمِهِ وَ أَخُوهُ
So, Muhammad-saww is a successor of Adam-as, and inheritor of his-as knowledge, and Imam-saww of the pious, and guide of the resplendent, and the great interpreter of the Quran; and Ali-asws is the greatest truthful, and the magnificent separator, and successor-asws of Muhammad-saww, and inheritor of his-saww knowledge, and his-saww brother-asws.
فَمَا بَالُكُمْ أَيَّتُهَا الْأُمَّةُ الْمُتَحَيِّرَةُ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهَا لَوْ قَدَّمْتُمْ مَنْ قَدَّمَ اللَّهُ وَ خَلَّفْتُمُ الْوِلَايَةَ لِمَنْ خَلَّفَهَا لَهُ النَّبِيُّ وَ اللَّهِ لَمَا عَالَ وَلِيُّ اللَّهِ وَ لَا اخْتَلَفَ اثْنَانِ فِي حُكْمِ اللَّهِ وَ لَا سَقَطَ سَهْمٌ مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اللَّهِ وَ لَا تَنَازَعَتْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ دِينِهَا إِلَّا وَجَدْتُمْ عِلْمَ ذَلِكَ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ الْعَزِيزِ الَّذِينَ آتَيْناهُمُ الْكِتابَ يَتْلُونَهُ حَقَّ تِلاوَتِهِ
So what is the matter with you all, O you community confused after its Prophet-saww? Had you advanced the one Allah-azwj had Advanced, and left behind the governance for the one whom the Prophet-saww had left it behind for him-asws, by Allah-azwj, you would have raised high a Guardian of Allah-azwj, and no two would have differed in a Judgment of Allah-azwj, nor would any share from the Obligations of Allah-azwj would have fallen, nor would this community have disputed regarding anything from the matters of its Religion, except you would have found the knowledge of that with People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww, because Allah-azwj the Exalted is Saying in the Mighty Book: Those whom We gave the Book are reciting it as is its true recitation [2:121].
فَذُوقُوا وَبَالَ مَا فَرَّطْتُمْ وَ سَيَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا أَيَّ مُنْقَلَبٍ يَنْقَلِبُونَ.
So taste the scourge of what your failures are, And they shall come to know, those who are being unjust, which overturning they would be Overturned with [26:227]’’.[29]
29- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي جا، المجالس للمفيد عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ إِمْلَاءً مِنْ كِتَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أَتَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ خَاطَبَاهُ فِي أَمْرِ الْبَيْعَةِ وَ خَرَجَا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ خَرَجَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi, (and) ‘Al Majaalis’ of Al Mufeed, form Abu Al Mufazzal, from Ahmad Bin Ali Bin Mahdi, dictated from his book, from his father,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘When Abu Bakr and Umar came to the house of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and addressed him-asws regarding the matter of the allegiance, and they exited from his-asws presence, Amir Al-Momineen-asws went out to the Masjid.
فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا اصْطَنَعَ عِنْدَهُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ إِذْ بَعَثَ فِيهِمْ رَسُولًا مِنْهُمْ وَ أَذْهَبَ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهَّرَهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
He-asws praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj with what People-asws of the Household had faced in their presence, when He-azwj had already Sent a Rasool-saww from them-asws, and Kept away the uncleanness from them, and Purified them-asws with a Purification.
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ فُلَاناً وَ فُلَاناً أَتَيَانِي وَ طَالَبَانِي بِالْبَيْعَةِ لِمَنْ سَبِيلُهُ أَنْ يُبَايِعَنِي أَنَا ابْنُ عَمِّ النَّبِيِّ وَ أَبُو بَنِيهِ وَ الصِّدِّيقُ الْأَكْبَرُ وَ أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَا يَقُولُهَا أَحَدٌ غَيْرِي إِلَّا كَاذِبٌ
Then he-asws said: ‘So and so, and so and so had come to me-asws and they sought the allegiance from me-asws for the one, his way is that he should be pledging allegiance to me-asws. I-asws am a son-asws of an uncle-as of the Prophet-saww, and father-asws of his-saww (grand) sons-asws, and the greatest truthful, and brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww. None would say it apart from me-asws, except a liar.
وَ أَسْلَمْتُ وَ صَلَّيْتُ قَبْلَ كُلِّ أَحَدٍ وَ أَنَا وَصِيُّهُ وَ زَوْجُ ابْنَتِهِ سَيِّدَةِ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَبُو حَسَنٍ وَ حُسَيْنٍ سِبْطَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
And I-asws professed Islam and prayed Salat before every one, and I-asws am his-saww successor-asws, and husband of his-saww daughter-asws, chieftess of women of the worlds, (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww, and am father-asws of Hassan-asws and Husayn-asws, two grandsons-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww.
وَ نَحْنُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِ الرَّحْمَةِ بِنَا هَدَاكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ بِنَا اسْتَنْقَذَكُمْ مِنَ الضَّلَالَةِ وَ أَنَا صَاحِبُ يَوْمِ الدَّوْحِ وَ فِيَّ نَزَلَتْ سُورَةٌ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ وَ أَنَا الْوَصِيُّ عَلَى الْأَمْوَاتِ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ ص وَ أَنَا بَقِيَّتُهُ عَلَى الْأَحْيَاءِ مِنْ أُمَّتِهِ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ يُثَبِّتْ أَقْدامَكُمْ وَ يُتِمُّ نِعْمَتَهُ عَلَيْكُمْ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ.
And we-asws are People-asws of the Household of Mercy. Through us-asws, Allah-azwj Guided you all, and by us-asws He-azwj Saved you from the straying, and I-asws am the Master-asws of the day of Al-Douh (Ghadeer Khumm), and a Chapter from the Quran was Revealed regarding me-asws (Surah Al-Dahr), and I-asws am the bequeathed upon the deceased ones from his-saww family, and I-asws am his-saww remaining one upon the living ones from his-saww community, therefore fear Allah-azwj, He will Help you and Affirm your feet [47:7] He would Complete His Favours upon you, [16:81]’. Then he-asws returned to his-asws house’’.[30]
30- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالا إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ع لَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ مَا كَانَ أَخَذَتْ بِتَلَابِيبِ عُمَرَ فَجَذَبَتْهُ إِلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَتْ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ لَوْ لَا أَنِّي أَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُصِيبَ الْبَلَاءُ مَنْ لَا ذَنْبَ لَهُ لَعَلِمْتَ سَأُقْسِمُ عَلَى اللَّهِ ثُمَّ أَجِدُهُ سَرِيعَ الْإِجَابَةِ.
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Salih bin Uqba, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Jufy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws both having said: (Syeda) ‘Fatima-asws, when it was from their matters what happened, she-asws grabbed the cloth of Umar and pulled him, then she-asws said, ‘But, by Allah-azwj, O son of Al-Khattab! Had it not been that I-asws dislike the affliction to hit the ones having no sin for him, you would have known, I-asws would have sworn upon Allah-azwj, then I-asws would have found Him-azwj to be of a quick in Response’’.[31]
31- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ ظَهَرَ الْفَسادُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ بِما كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِي النَّاسِ قَالَ ذَاكَ وَ اللَّهِ حِينَ قَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Ali Bin Al Numan, from Ibn Muskan, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding words of Mighty and Majestic: Corruption has appeared in the land and the sea due to what the hands of the people have earned [30:41]. He-asws said: ‘That, by Allah-azwj, was when the Helpers said, ‘There should be a ruler from us and a ruler from you (Emigrants)’’.[32]
32- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مُيَسِّرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لا تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ بَعْدَ إِصْلاحِها قَالَ فَقَالَ يَا مُيَسِّرُ إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ كَانَتْ فَاسِدَةً فَأَصْلَحَهَا اللَّهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ ص فَقَالَ وَ لا تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ بَعْدَ إِصْلاحِها.
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Ibn Muskan, from Muyasser,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said: ‘I-asws said, ‘And do not make mischief in the earth after it has been set in order [7:56], so he-asws said: ‘O Muyassar, verily the earth used to be in a state of disorder, so Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Corrected it by His-azwj Prophet-saww, therefore He-azwj Said: And do not make mischief in the earth after it has been set in order [7:56]’’.[33]
33- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فَذَكَرْنَا مَا أَحْدَثَ النَّاسُ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهِمْ ص وَ اسْتِذْلَالَهُمْ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ فَأَيْنَ كَانَ عِزُّ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَ مَا كَانُوا فِيهِ مِنَ الْعَدَدِ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ali Bin Al Numan, from Ibn Muskan, from Sadeyr who said,
‘We were in the presence of Abu Ja’far-asws, and we mentioned what the people had done after their Prophet-saww, and their humiliating Amir Al-Momineen-asws. A man from the group said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! So where were the mighty ones of the Clan of Hashim-asws, and what were they in, from the numbers?’
فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ مَنْ كَانَ بَقِيَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ إِنَّمَا كَانَ جَعْفَرٌ وَ حَمْزَةُ فَمَضَيَا وَ بَقِيَ مَعَهُ رَجُلَانِ ضَعِيفَانِ ذَلِيلَانِ حَدِيثَا عَهْدٍ بِالْإِسْلَامِ عَبَّاسٌ وَ عَقِيلٌ وَ كَانَا مِنَ الطُّلَقَاءِ
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘And whom from the Clan had remained? But rather, Ja’far-as and Hamza-as had both passed away, and there had remained two men with them, both weak, humble, new to the pact of Al-Islam, Abbas and Aqeel, and they were both from the freed ones.
أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ حَمْزَةَ وَ جَعْفَراً كَانَا بِحَضْرَتِهِمَا مَا وَصَلَا إِلَيْهِ وَ لَوْ كَانَا شَاهِدَيْهِمَا لَأَتْلَفَا نَفْسَيْهِمَا.
But, by Allah-azwj! If Hamza-as and Ja’far-as had both been in their presence, they would not have arrive to him-asws, and if they had both witnessed them they would have destroyed themselves’’.[34]
34- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْقُمِّيِّ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ حَسِبُوا أَلَّا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ قَالَ حَيْثُ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ص بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ فَعَمُوا وَ صَمُّوا حَيْثُ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ تابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ حَيْثُ قَامَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ ثُمَّ عَمُوا وَ صَمُّوا إِلَى السَّاعَةِ.
And they reckoned that strife would not be happening [5:71]. He-asws said: ‘This was when the Rasool-Allah-saww was present among them. so they were blinded and deafened when the Rasool-Allah-saww passed away. Then Allah Turned to them when He-azwj Established Amir-Al-Momineen-asws. then many of them were blinded and deafened [5:71], up to this time’’.[35]
35- كا، الكافي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا أُخْرِجَ بِعَلِيٍّ ع خَرَجَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع وَاضِعَةً قَمِيصَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى رَأْسِهَا آخِذَةً بِيَدَيِ ابْنَيْهَا فَقَالَتْ مَا لِي وَ لَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تؤتم [تُوتِمَ] ابْنَيَّ وَ تُرْمِلَنِي مِنْ زَوْجِي وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَا أَنْ يَكُونَ سَيِّئَةٌ لَنَشَرْتُ شَعْرِي وَ لَصَرَخْتُ إِلَى رَبِّي
When they came out with Ali-asws, (Syeda) Fatima-asws also came out having placed the shirt of the Rasool-Allah-saww upon her-asws head, taking her-asws two sons-asws by the hand. She-asws said: ‘What is it between me-asws and you, O Abu Bakr that you want to orphan my-asws two sons-asws and widow me-asws from my-asws husband-asws? By Allah-azwj! Had it not been inappropriate, I-asws would have released my-asws hair and cried out to my-asws Lord-azwj!’
فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ مَا تُرِيدُ إِلَى هَذَا ثُمَّ أَخَذَتْ بِيَدِهِ فَانْطَلَقَتْ بِهِ.
A man from the people said, ‘What do you want (from all) this?’ Then she-asws took him-asws (Ali-asws) by his-asws hand and left with him-asws’’.
وَ بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ الطَّائِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ نَشَرَتْ شَعْرَهَا مَاتُوا طُرّاً.
And by the chain from Aban, ,from Ali Bin Abdul Aziz, from Abdul Hameed Al Taie,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘By Allah-azwj! If she-asws had exposed her-asws hair, they would have died immediately’’.[36]
36- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ الْعِدَّةُ عَنْ سَهْلٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع إِنَّ الْعَامَّةَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ بَيْعَةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ حَيْثُ اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ كَانَتْ رِضًا لِلَّهِ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ وَ مَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيَفْتِنَ أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ ص مِنْ بَعْدِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, and the number, from Sahl, altogether from Ibn Mahboub, from Amro Bin Abu Al Miqdam, from his father who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘The general Muslim are claiming that the allegiance to Abu Bakr, when the people gathered to him, was a Pleasure of Allah-azwj, Mighty is His-azwj Mention, and it was not for Allah-azwj to Try the community of Muhammad-saww from after him-saww’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ وَ مَا يَقْرَءُونَ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ أَ وَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ وَ ما مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ ماتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلى أَعْقابِكُمْ وَ مَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلى عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَضُرَّ اللَّهَ شَيْئاً وَ سَيَجْزِي اللَّهُ الشَّاكِرِينَ
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Or are they not reading the Book of Allah-azwj? Or isn’t Allah-azwj Saying: And Muhammad is not except for a Rasool; the Rasools have already passed away before him; so if he dies or is killed will you turn back upon your heels? And the one who turns back upon his heels, he will never harm Allah of anything and Allah would be Recompensing the grateful [3:144]?’
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّهُمْ يُفَسِّرُونَ عَلَى وَجْهٍ آخَرَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘They are interpreting upon another perspective’.
فَقَالَ أَ وَ لَيْسَ قَدْ أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنِ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ أَنَّهُمْ قَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ حَيْثُ قَالَ وَ آتَيْنا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ الْبَيِّناتِ وَ أَيَّدْناهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ وَ لَوْ شاءَ اللَّهُ مَا اقْتَتَلَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّناتُ وَ لكِنِ اخْتَلَفُوا فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ آمَنَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَفَرَ وَ لَوْ شاءَ اللَّهُ مَا اقْتَتَلُوا وَ لكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَفْعَلُ ما يُرِيدُ
He-asws said: ‘Or hasn’t Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Informed about those from the communities before them? They had differed from after the proof had come to them, where He-azwj Says: And We Gave Isa Ibn Maryam the Clear Proofs and Assisted him with the Holy Spirit; and had Allah so Desired, those (people) from after them (Rasools) would not have fought after the clear proofs had come to them. But, they differed, so from them was one who expressed belief, and from them was one who committed Kufr. And had Allah so Desired, they would not have fought, but Allah Does whatever He Wants to [2:253].
وَ فِي هَذَا مَا يُسْتَدَلُّ بِهِ عَلَى أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ مُحَمَّدٍ ص قَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ آمَنَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَفَرَ.
And in this is what points upon that the companions of Muhammad-saww had differed from after him-saww, so from them was one who expressed belief, and from them was one who committed Kufr [4:55]’’.[37]
37- كا، الكافي حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْأَحْوَلِ وَ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا النَّقَّاضِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ النَّاسُ صَارُوا بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِمَنْزِلَةِ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ هَارُونَ ع وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْعِجْلَ وَ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ دَعَا فَأَبَى عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَّا الْقُرْآنَ وَ إِنَّ عُمَرَ دَعَا فَأَبَى عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَّا الْقُرْآنَ وَ إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ دَعَا فَأَبَى عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَّا الْقُرْآنَ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Kindi, from someone else, from Aban Bin Usman, from Abu Ja’far Al Ahown and Al Fuzeyl Bin Yasaar, from Zakariya Al Naqaz,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘After Rasool-Allah-saww, the people became at the status of the ones who followed Haroun-as and the ones who followed the calf. And Abu Bakr had called, but Ali-asws refused except the (compilation of) Quran, and Umar called and Ali-asws refused except (compilation) the Quran, and Usman called, but Ali-asws refused except (due to the compiling of) the Quran.
وَ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَدْعُو إِلَى أَنْ يَخْرُجَ الدَّجَّالُ إِلَّا سَيَجِدُ مَنْ يُبَايِعُهُ وَ مَنْ رَفَعَ رَايَةَ ضَلَالٍ فَصَاحِبُهَا طَاغُوتٌ.
And surely there is no one who would be calling (to himself) up to the emergence of Al-Dajjal-la except he would find one pledging allegiance to him, and one who raises a flag of straying, so its owner is a tyrant’’.[38]
38- كا، الكافي بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ النَّاسَ لَمَّا صَنَعُوا مَا صَنَعُوا إِذْ بَايَعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَمْ يُمْنَعْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مِنْ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ إِلَّا نَظَراً لِلنَّاسِ وَ تَخَوُّفاً عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَرْتَدُّوا عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَيَعْبُدُوا الْأَوْثَانَ وَ لَا يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’, by this chain from Aban, from Al Fuzeyl, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When the people did what they did when they pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, nothing prevented Amir Al-Momineen-asws from calling to himself-asws except as consideration for the people, and fear upon them that they would be reneging from Al-Islam, and they would (once again) worship the idols, and not testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj and that Muhammad-saww is Rasool-Allah-saww.
وَ كَانَ الْأَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يُقِرَّهُمْ عَلَى مَا صَنَعُوا مِنْ أَنْ يَرْتَدُّوا عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ إِنَّمَا هَلَكَ الَّذِينَ رَكِبُوا مَا رَكِبُوا
And it was more beloved to him-asws that he acknowledge to them upon what they had done, than for them to renege from Al-Islam, and rather destroyed are the ones who indulged in what they indulged in.
فَأَمَّا مَنْ لَمْ يَصْنَعْ ذَلِكَ وَ دَخَلَ فِيمَا دَخَلَ فِيهِ النَّاسُ عَلَى غَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَ لَا عَدَاوَةٍ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يُكْفِرُهُ وَ لَا يُخْرِجُهُ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ فَلِذَلِكَ كَتَمَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَمْرَهُ وَ بَايَعَ مُكْرَهاً حَيْثُ لَمْ يَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً.
As for the one who did not do that, and entered along with the people what they had entered into, upon without having knowledge, and not enmity for Amir Al-Momineen-asws, so that one neither disbelieved nor exited from Al-Islam. For that reason Ali-asws concealed his-asws matter and pledged allegiance unwillingly when he-asws did not find any supporters’’.[39]
39- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ الْقَصِيرِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع إِنَّ النَّاسَ يَفْزَعُونَ إِذَا قُلْنَا إِنَّ النَّاسَ ارْتَدُّوا
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ali Bin Al Numan, from Abdullah Bin Muskan, from Abdul Rahman Al Qaseer who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘The people get alarmed when we say that the people became apostate’.
فَقَالَ يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحِيمِ إِنَّ النَّاسَ عَادُوا بَعْدَ مَا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَهْلَ جَاهِلِيَّةٍ إِنَّ الْأَنْصَارَ اعْتَزَلَتْ فَلَمْ تَعْتَزِلْ بِخَيْرٍ جَعَلُوا يُبَايِعُونَ سَعْداً وَ هُمْ يَرْتَجِزُونَ ارْتِجَازَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ
| يَا سَعْدُ أَنْتَ الْمُرَجَّى | وَ شَعْرُكَ الْمُرَجَّلُ | |
| وَ فَحْلُكَ الْمُرَجَّمُ |
He-asws said: ‘O Abdul Rahman! After Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, the people returned to the pre-Islamic (ways). The Helpers detached themselves but did not detach with good. They went on to pledge allegiance to Sa’d, and they were reciting slogans, slogans of the pre-Islamic period – ‘O Sa’d! You are the hope, and your slogan is the vessel, and your solution is being repelled’’.[40]
40- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْيَمَانِيِّ عَنْ مَنِيعِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ صَبَّاحٍ الْحَذَّاءِ عَنْ صَبَّاحٍ الْمُزَنِيِّ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِيَدِ عَلِيٍّ ع يَوْمَ الْغَدِيرِ صَرَخَ إِبْلِيسُ فِي جُنُودِهِ صَرْخَةً فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ فِي بَرٍّ وَ لَا بَحْرٍ إِلَّا أَتَاهُ فَقَالُوا يَا سَيِّدَهُمْ وَ مَوْلَاهُمْ مَا ذَا دَهَاكَ فَمَا سَمِعْنَا لَكَ صَرْخَةً أَوْحَشَ مِنْ صَرْخَتِكَ هَذِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Suleyman, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Yamani, from manie Bin al Hajjaj, from Sabbah Al Haza’a, from Sabbad Al Muzny, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When the Rasool-Allah-saww grabbed the hand of Ali-asws on the Day of Al-Ghadeer, Iblees-la screamed in his-la army a loud scream. So there did not remain anyone from among them, either in the land or in the sea except that he came to him-la. They said, ‘O our chief and our master! What was that shriek which we heard which was so frightening that you-la have never screamed like this before?’
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ فَعَلَ هَذَا النَّبِيُّ فِعْلًا إِنْ تَمَّ لَمْ يُعْصَ اللَّهُ أَبَداً فَقَالُوا يَا سَيِّدَهُمْ أَنْتَ كُنْتَ لِآدَمَ
He-la said to them, ‘It was the action of this Prophet-saww, if acted upon, no one would disobey Allah-azwj ever!’ They said, ‘O our chief, you-la dealt with Adam-as’.
فَلَمَّا قَالَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ إِنَّهُ يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوَى وَ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ أَ مَا تَرَى عَيْنَيْهِ تَدُورَانِ فِي رَأْسِهِ كَأَنَّهُ مَجْنُونٌ يَعْنُونَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص صَرَخَ إِبْلِيسُ صَرْخَةً يَطْرَبُ
So when the hypocrites said, ‘He-saww speaks out of desires’, and one of the two (Abu Bakr and Umar) said to his companion, ‘Did you see his-saww turn in his-saww head as if he-saww is insane?’ – meaning Rasool-Allah-saww, Iblees-la screamed with a scream of pleasure.
فَجَمَعَ أَوْلِيَاءَهُ فَقَالَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتُمْ أَنِّي كُنْتُ لآِدَمَ مِنْ قَبْلُ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ آدَمُ نَقَضَ الْعَهْدَ وَ لَمْ يَكْفُرْ بِالرَّبِّ وَ هَؤُلَاءِ نَقَضُوا الْعَهْدَ وَ كَفَرُوا بِالرَّسُولِ ص
His-la friends gathered. He-la said, ‘But, do you know that I-la dealt with Adam-as beforehand?’ They said, ‘Yes’. He-la said, ‘Adam-as set aside the Covenant and did not blaspheme with the Lord-azwj, and these ones have set aside the Covenant and have blasphemed against Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَقَامَ النَّاسُ غَيْرَ عَلِيٍّ لَبِسَ إِبْلِيسُ تَاجَ الْمُلْكِ وَ نَصَبَ مِنْبَراً وَ قَعَدَ فِي الزِّينَةِ وَ جَمَعَ خَيْلَهُ وَ رَجِلَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ اطْرَبُوا لَا يُطَاعُ اللَّهُ حَتَّى يَقُومَ إِمَامٌ
When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away and the people established someone other than Ali-asws, Iblees-la wore a crown of the king and established a pulpit and sat upon the cushion, and gathered his-la cavalry and his-la infantry. Then he-la said to them, ‘Be delighted! Allah-azwj will not be obeyed until the Imam-asws (Al-Mahdi-asws) rises’.
وَ تَلَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ لَقَدْ صَدَّقَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِبْلِيسُ ظَنَّهُ فَاتَّبَعُوهُ إِلَّا فَرِيقاً مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع كَانَ تَأْوِيلُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ لَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ الظَّنُّ مِنْ إِبْلِيسَ حِينَ قَالُوا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّهُ يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوَى فَظَنَّ بِهِمْ إِبْلِيسُ ظَنّاً فَصَدَّقُوا ظَنَّهُ.
And Abu Ja’far-asws recited: And Iblees did ratify his conjecture upon them, so they (all) followed him except a group from the Momineen [34:20]. Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘The explanation of this Verse came to the fore when the Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, and the conjecture from Iblees-la where they said to the Rasool-Allah-saww that he-saww speak out of desire, so Iblees-la conjectured about them with a conjecture and they ratified his-la conjecture’’.[41]
41- كا، الكافي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: أَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَوْماً كَئِيباً حَزِيناً فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع مَا لِي أَرَاكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَئِيباً حَزِيناً
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Muhammad Ibn Yahya, from Ibn Isa, from Ali Bin Hadeed, from Hameel Bin Darraj, from Zurara,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘One morning the Rasool-Allah-saww was grim and in grief. Ali-asws said to him-saww: ‘What is it that I-asws see you-saww to be grim and sad, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’
فَقَالَ وَ كَيْفَ لَا أَكُونُ كَذَلِكَ وَ قَدْ رَأَيْتُ فِي لَيْلَتِي هَذِهِ أَنَّ بَنِي تَيْمٍ وَ بَنِي عَدِيٍّ وَ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ يَصْعَدُونَ مِنْبَرِي هَذَا يَرُدُّونَ النَّاسَ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ الْقَهْقَرَى فَقُلْتُ يَا رَبِّ فِي حَيَاتِي أَوْ بَعْدَ مَوْتِي فَقَالَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِكَ.
He-saww said; ‘How can I-saww not be like that and I-saww have dreamt last night that the Clan of Taym (Abu Bakr’s clan), and clan of Adayy (Umar’s clan) ascending upon this Pulpit of mine-saww, returning the people back from Al-Islam backwards? So I-saww said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Will it be during my-saww lifetime or after my-saww passing away?’ He-azwj Said; “After your-saww passing away”.[42]
42- ختص، الإختصاص عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ سَعْدَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ ثَابِتٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص لَمَّا قُبِضَ ارْتَدَّ النَّاسُ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمُ كُفَّاراً إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةٌ سَلْمَانُ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ
(The book) ‘Al Ikhtisas’ – A number of our companions, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Musa bin Sa’dan, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim Al Hazrami, from Amro Bin Sabit who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘When the Prophet-saww passed away, the people turned upon their heels as Kafirs, except three – Salman-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Abu Zarr Al-Ghifari-ra.
إِنَّهُ لَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جَاءَ أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالُوا لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا نُعْطِي أَحَداً طَاعَةً بَعْدَكَ أَبَداً قَالَ وَ لِمَ قَالُوا إِنَّا سَمِعْنَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِيكَ يَوْمَ غَدِيرٍ قَالَ وَ تَفْعَلُونَ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأْتُونِي غَداً مُحَلِّقِينَ
When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, forty men came to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and they said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj! We will not obey anyone in obedience after you-asws, ever’. He-asws said: ‘And why?’ They said, ‘We heard from Rasool-Allah-saww on the day of Ghadeer regarding you-asws’. He-asws said: ‘And you will be doing so?’ They said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘Then come to me-asws in the morning, having shaved your heads’.
قَالَ فَمَا أَتَاهُ إِلَّا هَؤُلَاءِ الثَّلَاثَةُ قَالَ وَ جَاءَهُ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ فَضَرَبَ يَدَهُ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ مَا آنَ لَكَ أَنْ تَسْتَيْقِظَ مِنْ نَوْمَةِ الْغَفْلَةِ ارْجِعُوا فَلَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيكُمْ أَنْتُمْ لَمْ تُطِيعُونِي فِي حَلْقِ الرَّأْسِ فَكَيْفَ تُطِيعُونِي فِي قِتَالِ جِبَالِ الْحَدِيدِ ارْجِعُوا فَلَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيكُمْ.
He-asws said: ‘No one came to him-asws except the three. And Ammar Bin Yasser came to him-asws after Al-Zohr (midday). He-asws struck his-asws hand upon his-asws chest, then said to him: ‘What is now for you. Did you wake up from the sleep of heedlessness? Return! There is no need for me-asws regarding you all! You did not obey me in shaving the head, so how will you obey me-asws regarding fighting the iron mountain? Return, there is no need for me-asws regarding you all!’’[43]
43- ختص، الإختصاص جَعْفَرُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْمُؤْمِنُ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى يَرْفَعُهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ سَلْمَانَ كَانَ مِنْهُ إِلَى ارْتِفَاعِ النَّهَارِ فَعَاقَبَهُ اللَّهُ أَنْ وُجِئَ فِي عُنُقِهِ حَتَّى صُيِّرَتْ كَهَيْئَةِ السِّلْعَةِ حَمْرَاءَ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ كَانَ مِنْهُ إِلَى وَقْتِ الظُّهْرِ فَعَاقَبَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى أَنْ سَلَّطَ عَلَيْهِ عُثْمَانَ حَتَّى حَمَلَهُ عَلَى قَتَبٍ وَ أُكِلَ لَحْمُ أَلْيَتَيْهِ وَ طَرَدَهُ عَنْ جِوَارِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
(The book) ‘Al Ikhtisas’ – Ja’far Bin Al Husayn al momin, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, raising it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Salman-ra was with him-asws up to the rise of the day, so Allah-azwj Punished him, that he-ra was pained in his-ra neck until it became as if it was the red rib; and Abu Zarr-ra was from it up to the time of Al-Zohr so Allah-azwj Punished him-ra up to Usman overcame upon him-ra until he-ra was carried up a hump, and the flesh of his-ra back was eaten up, and he-ra was kicked out from the vicinity of Rasool-Allah-saww.
فَأَمَّا الَّذِي لَمْ يَتَغَيَّرْ مُنْذُ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى فَارَقَ الدُّنْيَا طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ فَالْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ لَمْ يَزَلْ قَائِماً قَابِضاً عَلَى قَائِمِ السَّيْفِ عَيْنَاهُ فِي عَيْنَيْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَنْتَظِرُ مَتَى يَأْمُرُهُ فَيَمْضِيَ.
As for the one who did not change for the blink of an eye since Rasool-Allah-saww had passed away, until he left the world, so it is Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-ra. He-ra did not cease to stand, grabbing upon the hilt of the sword, his-ra eyes being following the eye of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, awaiting when he-asws would instructing, so he-ra would go’’.[44]
44- ختص، الإختصاص جَعْفَرُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ كَرَّامٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ عَنْ مُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَمَّا بَايَعَ النَّاسُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أُتِيَ بِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مُلَبَّباً لِيُبَايِعَ
(The book) ‘Al Ikhtisaas’ – Ja’far Bin Al Husayn, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Amro, from Karram, from Ismail Bin Jabir, from Mufazzal Bin Umar who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When Abu Bakr was pledged allegiance to, they came with Amir Al-Momineen-asws tied up to pledge allegiance (forcefully).
قَالَ سَلْمَانُ أَ يُصْنَعُ ذَا بِهَذَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَانْطَبَقَتْ ذِهْ عَلَى ذِهْ قَالَ وَ قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ قَالَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ اللَّهِ هَكَذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ
Salman-ra said, ‘Are you doing that with this one? By Allah-azwj! If I-ra were to swear upon Allah-azwj, I-ra would apply same upon the same’. And Abu Zarr-ra said and Al-Miqdad-ra said, ‘Allah-azwj Wanted it to happen’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَانَ الْمِقْدَادُ أَعْظَمَ النَّاسِ إِيمَاناً تِلْكَ السَّاعَةَ.
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Al-Miqdad-ra was the greatest of the people in Eman at that moment’’.[45]
45- أَقُولُ وَجَدْتُ فِي كِتَابِ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْهِلَالِيِّ، بِرِوَايَةِ أَبَانِ بْنِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ عَنْهُ مُوَافِقاً لِمَا رَوَاهُ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ ره عَنْهُ فِي الْإِحْتِجَاجِ سُلَيْمُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ سَلْمَانَ الْفَارِسِيَّ ره قَالَ: لَمَّا أَنْ قُبِضَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ صَنَعَ النَّاسُ مَا صَنَعُوا جَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ فَخَاصَمُوا الْأَنْصَارَ فَخَصَمُوهُمْ بِحُجَّةِ عَلِيٍّ
I (Msjlisi) am saying, ‘I found in the book of Suleym Bin Qays Al Hilali by a report of Aban Bin Abu Usma Abu Ayyash, from his, in accordance to what is reported by Al Tabarsy, from him in (the book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ –
‘Suleym Bin Qays said, ‘I heard Salman Al-Farsi-ra said: ‘When the Prophet-saww passed away and the people did what they did, Abu Bakr and Umar and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah came and disputed to the Helpers, and they (Helpers) disputed to them by the argument of Ali-asws.
فَقَالُوا يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ قُرَيْشٌ أَحَقُّ بِالْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ خَيْرٌ مِنْكُمْ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ بَدَأَ بِهِمْ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ فَضَّلَهُمْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ
They (Emigrants) said, ‘O communities of Helpers! Quraysh are more rightful with the command than you are because Allah-azwj Began with them in His-azwj Book, and merited them. Rasool-Allah-saww had said: ‘The Imams-asws are from Quraysh’.
وَ قَالَ سَلْمَانُ فَأَتَيْتُ عَلِيّاً وَ هُوَ يُغَسِّلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَوْصَى عَلِيّاً ع أَنْ لَا يَلِيَ غُسْلَهُ غَيْرُهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ يُعِينُنِي عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ
And Salman-ra said, ‘I-ra came to Ali-asws and he-asws was washing (the body of) Rasool-Allah-saww, and Rasool-Allah-saww had bequeathed to Ali-asws that no one should be in charge of washing him-saww apart from him-asws. He-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Who will assist me-asws upon that?’ He-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as’.
فَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَا يُرِيدُ عُضْواً إِلَّا قُلِّبَ لَهُ فَلَمَّا غَسَّلَهُ وَ حَنَّطَهُ وَ كَفَّنَهُ أَدْخَلَنِي وَ أَدْخَلَ أَبَا ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادَ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع فَتَقَدَّمَ وَ صَفَفْنَا خَلْفَهُ وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ الْعَائِشَةُ فِي الْحُجْرَةِ لَا تَعْلَمُ قَدْ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ بِبَصَرِهَا
So, Ali-asws did not intend any limb, except it was turned for him-asws. When he-asws had washed him-saww, and embalmed him-saww, and enshrouded him-saww, allowed me-ra to enter, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws. He-asws proceeded and we formed rows behind him-asws, and prayed Salat upon him-saww; and Ayesha was in the chamber, not knowing, Allah-azwj had Seized her sight.
ثُمَّ أَدْخَلَ عَشَرَةً مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ عَشَرَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَكَانُوا يَدْخُلُونَ وَ يَدْعُونَ وَ يَخْرُجُونَ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ شَهِدَ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِلَّا صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ
Then ten from the Emigrants and ten from the Helpers entered. They were entering and supplicating and exiting until there had not remained anyone present from the Emigrants and the Helpers except he had prayed Salat upon him-saww.
قَالَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ فَأَخْبَرْتُ عَلِيّاً ع وَ هُوَ يُغَسِّلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص بِمَا صَنَعَ الْقَوْمُ وَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ السَّاعَةَ لَعَلَى مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مَا يَرْضَوْنَ أَنْ يُبَايِعُوا لَهُ بِيَدٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ إِنَّهُمْ لَيُبَايِعُونَهُ بِيَدَيْهِ جَمِيعاً بِيَمِينِهِ وَ شِمَالِهِ
Salman Al-Farsi-ra said, ‘I-ra informed Ali-asws while he-asws was washing Rasool-Allah-saww, with what the people had done, and I-ra said, ‘Abu Bakr, at the moment, is upon the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww. They are not pleased pledging allegiance to him with one hand, and they are pledging allegiance to him with both his hands together, his right hand and his left hand’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا سَلْمَانُ وَ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَنْ أَوَّلُ مَنْ بَايَعَهُ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قُلْتُ لَا إِلَّا أَنِّي رَأَيْتُهُ فِي ظُلَّةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ حِينَ خَصَمَتِ الْأَنْصَارَ وَ كَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ بَايَعَهُ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ ثُمَّ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ثُمَّ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ ثُمَّ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ثُمَّ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ
Ali-asws said: ‘O Salman-ra! And do you-ra know who was the first one to pledge allegiance to him upon the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww?’ I-ra said, ‘No, except I-ra saw him in the shed of the clan of Saaida when the Helpers disputed, and the first one to pledge allegiance was Al-Mugheira Bin Shu’ba, then Bashir Bin Sa’d, then Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, then Umar Bin Al-Khattab, then Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa, and Muaz Bin Jabal’.
قَالَ لَسْتُ أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ وَ لَكِنْ تَدْرِي مَنْ أَوَّلُ مَنْ بَايَعَهُ حِينَ صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ قُلْتُ لَا وَ لَكِنْ رَأَيْتُ شَيْخاً كَبِيراً يَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَى عَصَاهُ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ سَجَّادَةٌ شَدِيدُ التَّشْمِيرِ صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ صَعِدَ وَ خَرَّ وَ هُوَ يَبْكِي وَ يَقُولُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يُمِتْنِي حَتَّى رَأَيْتُكَ فِي هَذَا الْمَكَانِ ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ
He-asws said: ‘I-asws am not asking you-ra about them, but do you know the first one to pledge allegiance to him when he ascended the pulpit?’ I-ra said, ‘No, but I saw an old man, aged, leaning upon his staff, there was the mark between his eyes due to intense prostrations, ascending the pulpit, the first one to ascend and he fell (in Sajdah) and he was crying and saying, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who did not Cause me to die until I saw you in this place. Extend your hand!’
فَبَسَطَ يَدَهُ فَبَايَعَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَوْمٌ كَيَوْمِ آدَمَ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَخَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ
He (Abu Bakr) extended his hand, and he pledged allegiance to him. Then he said, ‘A day like the day of Adam-as. Then he descended and went out from the Masjid’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا سَلْمَانُ أَ تَدْرِي مَنْ هُوَ قُلْتُ لَا وَ لَقَدْ سَاءَتْنِي مَقَالَتُهُ كَأَنَّهُ شَامِتٌ بِمَوْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
Ali-asws said: ‘O Salman-ra! Do you know who he was?’ I-ra said, ‘No, and his words had displeased me-ra, as if he was gloating with the expiry of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ إِبْلِيسُ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ أَخْبَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّ إِبْلِيسَ وَ رُؤَسَاءَ أَصْحَابِهِ شَهِدُوا نَصْبَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِيَّايَ يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ بِمَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ بِأَنِّي أَوْلَى بِهِمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُبَلِّغَ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ
Ali-asws said: ‘For sure he was Iblees-la, may Allah-azwj Curse him-la. Rasool-Allah-saww informed me-asws that Iblees-la and the chief of his-la companions attended my-asws nomination by Rasool-Allah-saww on the day of Ghadeer Khumm with what Allah-azwj had Commanded him. So he-saww informed them that I-asws was foremost with them than their own selves, and ordered them that the one present should deliver to the absentee.
فَأَقْبَلَ إِلَى إِبْلِيسَ أَبَالِسَتُهُ وَ مَرَدَةُ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةَ أُمَّةٌ مَرْحُومَةٌ مَعْصُومَةٌ فَمَا لَكَ وَ لَا لَنَا عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلٌ وَ قَدْ أُعْلِمُوا مَفْزَعَهُمْ وَ إِمَامَهُمْ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهِمْ فَانْطَلَقَ إِبْلِيسُ كَئِيباً حَزِيناً وَ
So they turned to Iblees-la, his-la devils, and castaways of his-la companions and they said to him-la, ‘This community is a Mercied community, protected. There is neither any way for you-la nor for us upon them, and they have already known their shelter and their Imam-asws after their Prophet-saww’. Iblees-la went away bleak, grieving.
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَأَخْبَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ لَوْ قُبِضَ أَنَّ النَّاسَ سَيُبَايِعُونَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فِي ظُلَّةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ بَعْدَ تَخَاصُمِهِمْ بِحَقِّنَا وَ حُجَّتِنَا ثُمَّ يَأْتُونَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَيَكُونُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ يُبَايِعُهُ عَلَى مِنْبَرِي إِبْلِيسَ فِي صُورَةِ شَيْخٍ كَبِيرٍ مُشَمِّرٍ يَقُولُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww informed me-asws: ‘If I-saww were to pass away, the people would be pledging allegiance to Abu Bakr in a shade (shed) of the clan of Saaida after their disputing our-asws rights and our-asws arguments. Then they would come to the Masjid and the first one to pledge allegiance to upon my-saww pulpit would be Iblees-la in the image of an old man, aged, tucked up. He-la would be saying such and such.
ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ فَيَجْمَعُ شَيَاطِينَهُ وَ أَبَالِسَتَهُ فَيَخِرُّونَ سُجَّداً وَ يَقُولُونَ يَا سَيِّدَهُمْ وَ يَا كَبِيرَهُمْ أَنْتَ الَّذِي أَخْرَجْتَ آدَمَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ
Then he-la would go out and gather his-la satans, and his-la devils. They would fall down in Sajdah and say, ‘O their chief, and O their elder! You-la are the one who got Adam-as expelled from the Paradise’.
فَيَقُولُ أَيُّ أُمَّةٍ لَمْ تَضِلَّ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهَا كَلَّا زَعَمْتُمْ أَنْ لَيْسَ لِي عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلٌ فَكَيْفَ رَأَيْتُمُونِي صَنَعْتُ بِهِمْ حِينَ تَرَكُوا مَا أَمَرَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ مِنْ طَاعَتِهِ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى وَ لَقَدْ صَدَّقَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِبْلِيسُ ظَنَّهُ فَاتَّبَعُوهُ إِلَّا فَرِيقاً مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
He-la would say, ‘Yes, Which community did not stray after its Prophet-as? Never! You are alleging that there is no way for me-la upon them, so how do you-la see me-la doing with them when they neglected what Allah-azwj had Commanded them with of obeying him-asws, and Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered them (as well), and that is the Word of the Exalted: And Iblees did ratify his conjecture upon them, so they (all) followed him except a group from the Momineen [34:20]’.
قَالَ سَلْمَانُ فَلَمَّا أَنْ كَانَ اللَّيْلُ حَمَلَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَاطِمَةَ ع عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ ابْنَيْهِ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَلَمْ يَدَعْ أَحَداً مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ لَا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِلَّا أَتَاهُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ فَذَكَّرَهُمْ حَقَّهُ وَ دَعَاهُمْ إِلَى نُصْرَتِهِ
Salman-ra said, ‘When it was the night, Ali-asws carried (Syeda) Fatima-asws upon a donkey and held the hands of his-asws two sons-asws Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. He-asws did not leave anyone from the people of Badr (participants in the battle), neither from the Emigrants nor from the Helpers, except he-asws came to him in his house, and reminded them of his-asws right, and called them to help him-asws.
فَمَا اسْتَجَابَ لَهُ مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةٌ وَ أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُصْبِحُوا بُكْرَةً مُحَلِّقِينَ رُءُوسَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ سِلَاحُهُمْ لِيُبَايِعُوهُ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ فَأَصْبَحُوا فَلَمْ يُوَافِ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةٌ
But no one from them answered to him-asws except forty four men. He-asws instructed them they should come in early morning having shaved their heads, having their weapons with them, in order to pledge allegiance to him-asws upon the death. They woke up in the morning and not one of them was loyal except four’.
فَقُلْتُ لِسَلْمَانَ مَنِ الْأَرْبَعَةُ فَقَالَ أَنَا وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُمْ عَلِيٌّ ع مِنَ اللَّيْلَةِ الْمُقْبِلَةِ فَنَاشَدَهُمْ فَقَالُوا نُصْبِحُكَ بُكْرَةً فَمَا مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ أَتَاهُ غَيْرُنَا ثُمَّ أَتَاهُمُ اللَّيْلَةَ الثَّالِثَةَ فَمَا أَتَاهُ غَيْرُنَا
I said to Salman-ra, ‘Who were the four?’ He-ra said, ‘I-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Al-Zubeyr Bin Al-Awwam. Then Ali-asws came to them in the next night, and adjured them. They said, ‘We shall come tomorrow morning’. But, not one of them came to him-asws apart from us-ra. Then he-asws went to them the third night. But no one came to him-asws apart from us-ra.
فَلَمَّا رَأَى عَلِيٌّ ع غَدْرَهُمْ وَ قِلَّةَ وَفَائِهِمْ لَهُ لَزِمَ بَيْتَهُ وَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْقُرْآنِ يُؤَلِّفُهُ وَ يَجْمَعُهُ فَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ حَتَّى جَمَعَهُ وَ كَانَ فِي الصُّحُفِ وَ الشِّظَاظِ وَ الْأَكْتَافِ وَ الرِّقَاعِ
When Ali-asws saw their betrayal and scarcity of their loyalty to him-asws, he-asws stayed in his-asws house and turned to the Quran, compiling it, and collecting it. He-asws did not come out from his-asws house until he-asws had collected it, and it used to be in the papers, and the fragments, and the (animal) shoulder bones, and the palm leaves.
فَلَمَّا جَمَعَهُ كُلَّهُ وَ كَتَبَهُ بِيَدِهِ تَنْزِيلَهُ وَ تَأْوِيلَهُ وَ النَّاسِخَ مِنْهُ وَ الْمَنْسُوخَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ اخْرُجْ فَبَايِعْ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ عَلِيٌّ ع أَنِّي مَشْغُولٌ وَ قَدْ آلَيْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي يَمِيناً أَنْ لَا أَرْتَدِيَ بِرِدَاءٍ إِلَّا لِلصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى أُؤَلِّفَ الْقُرْآنَ وَ أَجْمَعَهُ
When he-asws had collected all of it and written it with his-asws hand, and interpreted it, and the Abrogating from it and the Abrogated, Abu Bakr sent a message to him, ‘Come out and pledge allegiance’. Ali-asws sent a message to him: ‘I-asws am busy and have sworn a vow upon myself-asws that I-asws will not cloak myself with a cloak except for the Salat, until I-asws have compiled the Quran and have collected it’.
فَسَكَتُوا عَنْهُ أَيَّاماً فَجَمَعَهُ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ خَتَمَهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى النَّاسِ وَ هُمْ مُجْتَمِعُونَ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَنَادَى عَلِيٌّ ع بِأَعْلَا صَوْتِهِ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَزَلْ مُنْذُ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَشْغُولًا بِغُسْلِهِ ثُمَّ بِالْقُرْآنِ حَتَّى جَمَعْتُهُ كُلَّهُ فِي هَذَا الثَّوْبِ الْوَاحِدِ
They were silent from him for days. He-asws collected it in one cloth and sealed it. Then he-asws came out to the people, and they were gathered with Abu Bakr in the Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww. Ali-asws called out at the top of his-asws voice: ‘O you people! Since Rasool-Allah-saww passed away I-asws have been pre-occupied with washing him-saww, then with the Quran until I-asws have (now) collected it, all of it, in this one cloth.
فَلَمْ يُنْزِلِ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ آيَةً مِنْهُ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ جَمَعْتُهَا وَ لَيْسَتْ مِنْهُ آيَةٌ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ أَقْرَأَنِيهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَلَّمَنِي تَأْوِيلَهَا
There is no Verse from it Allah-azwj Revealed unto His-azwj Prophet-saww except and I-asws have collected it, and there isn’t any Verse from it except and Rasool-Allah-saww had read it out to me-asws and taught me-asws its interpretation’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لِئَلَّا تَقُولُوا غَداً إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هذا غافِلِينَ
Then Ali-asws said: ‘Lest you might be saying tomorrow, ‘We were oblivious of this’ [7:172]’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ عَلِيٌّ ع لَا تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنِّي لَمْ أَدْعُكُمْ إِلَى نُصْرَتِي وَ لَمْ أُذَكِّرْكُمْ حَقِّي وَ لَمْ أَدْعُكُمْ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ مِنْ فَاتِحَتِهِ إِلَى خَاتِمَتِهِ
Then Ali-asws said to them: ‘You cannot be saying on the Day of Qiyamah that I-asws did not call you all to help me-asws, and I-asws did not make you realise my-asws rights, and I-asws did not call you to the Book of Allah-azwj, from its beginning to its end’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ مَا أَغْنَانَا بِمَا مَعَنَا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ عَمَّا تَدْعُونَا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ ع بَيْتَهُ
Then Umar said to him, ‘We are needless with what is with us from the Quran, from what you-asws are calling us to’. Then Ali-asws entered his-asws house.
وَ قَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ أَرْسِلْ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فَلْيُبَايِعْ فَإِنَّا لَسْنَا فِي شَيْءٍ حَتَّى يُبَايِعَ وَ لَوْ قَدْ بَايَعَ أَمِنَّاهُ
And Umar said to Abu Bakr, ‘Send a message to Ali-asws and let him-asws pledge allegiance, for we aren’t in anything until he-asws pledges allegiance, and if he-asws were to pledge allegiance, we would be secure’.
فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَجِبْ خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَتَاهُ الرَّسُولُ فَقَالَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا كَذَبْتُمْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّهُ لَيَعْلَمُ وَ يَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ حَوْلَهُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفَا غَيْرِي
Abu Bakr send a message to him-asws, ‘Answer the caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww’. The messenger came to him-asws and said that to him-asws. Ali-asws said to him: ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! How quickly you have belied upon Rasool-Allah-saww! Surely he knows, and so do the ones around him that Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww did not make a Caliph apart from me-asws’.
وَ ذَهَبَ الرَّسُولُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا قَالَ لَهُ فَقَالَ اذْهَبْ فَقُلْ لَهُ أَجِبْ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَأَتَاهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا قَالَ
And the messenger went and informed him with what he-asws had said to him. He said, ‘Go and say to him-asws, ‘Answer to ‘Amir Al-Momineen’ Abu Bakr’. He came to him-asws and informed him-asws with what he had said.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَا وَ اللَّهِ طَالَ الْعَهْدُ فَيَنْسَى وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَيَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الِاسْمَ لَا يَصْلُحُ إِلَّا لِي وَ لَقَدْ أَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ سَابِعُ سَبْعَةٍ فَسَلَّمُوا عَلَيَّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Ali-asws said: ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! By Allah-azwj, the time has not been long and he has forgotten. By Allah-azwj, he knows that this is the name not correct except for me-asws, and Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered him, and he was the seventh of the seven, and they had greeted unto me-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’.
فَاسْتَفْهَمَ هُوَ وَ صَاحِبُهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ السَّبْعَةِ فَقَالا أَمْرٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ
Thus, he and his companion did understand, from between the seven, so they said, ‘Is it a Command from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww?’
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص نَعَمْ حَقّاً مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِنَّهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ سَيِّدُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ صَاحِبُ لِوَاءِ الْغُرِّ الْمُحَجَّلِينَ يُقْعِدُهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ فَيُدْخِلُ أَوْلِيَاءَهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَ أَعْدَاءَهُ النَّارَ
Rasool-Allah-saww said to them: ‘Yes, truly from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww. He-asws is ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, and chief of the Muslims, and owner of the flag of the resplendent. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Make him-asws to be seated upon the Bridge, and he-asws would enter his-asws friends into the Paradise, and his-asws enemies into the Fire’.
فَانْطَلَقَ الرَّسُولُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا قَالَ فَسَكَتُوا عَنْهُ يَوْمَهُمْ ذَلِكَ
The messenger went and informed him with what he-asws had said. They were silent from him-asws on that day of theirs.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ اللَّيْلُ حَمَلَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَاطِمَةَ ع عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ ابْنَيْهِ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَلَمْ يَدَعْ أَحَداً مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِلَّا أَتَاهُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ فَنَاشَدَهُمُ اللَّهَ حَقَّهُ وَ دَعَاهُمْ إِلَى نُصْرَتِهِ فَمَا اسْتَجَابَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ غَيْرُنَا أَرْبَعَةٌ
He (Salman-ra) said, ‘When it was the night, Ali-asws carried (Syeda) Fatima-asws upon a donkey, and held the hands of his-asws two sons-asws, Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. He-asws did not leave anyone from the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww except he-asws went to his house and adjured them with Allah-azwj of his-asws rights, and called them to help him-asws. But no man from them answered apart from us-ra four.
فَإِنَّا حَلَّقْنَا رُءُوسَنَا وَ بَذَلْنَا لَهُ نُصْرَتَنَا وَ كَانَ الزُّبَيْرُ أَشَدَّنَا بَصِيرَةً فِي نُصْرَتِهِ فَلَمَّا أَنْ رَأَى عَلِيٌّ ع خِذْلَانَ النَّاسِ إِيَّاهُ وَ تَرْكَهُمْ نُصْرَتَهُ وَ اجْتِمَاعَ كَلِمَتِهِمْ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ تَعْظِيمَهُمْ إِيَّاهُ لَزِمَ بَيْتَهُ
So, we-ra shaved our-asws heads and we exerted our-asws help to him-asws, and Al-Zubeyr was the most intense of us of insight in our helping him-asws. When Ali-asws saw the abandonment of the people to him-asws, and their negligence in helping him-asws, and their gathering their words with Abu Bakr, and their revering him, he-asws stayed in his-asws house.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ مَا يَمْنَعُكَ أَنْ تَبْعَثَ إِلَيْهِ فَيُبَايِعَ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ بَايَعَ غَيْرَهُ وَ غَيْرَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ
Umar said to Abu Bakr, ‘What prevents you from dispatching (men) to him-asws, so he-asws pledge allegiance, for there does not remain anyone except and he has pledged allegiance apart from him-asws and those four’.
وَ كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَرَقَّ الرَّجُلَيْنِ وَ أَرْفَقَهُمَا وَ أَدْهَاهُمَا وَ أَبْعَدَهُمَا غَوْراً وَ الْآخَرُ أَفَظَّهُمَا وَ أَغْلَظَهُمَا وَ أَجْفَاهُمَا
And Abu Bakr was softer of the two men, and gentler of the two, and more benign of the two, and more thoughtful of the two; and the other one (Umar) was more shot-tempered of the two, and harsher of the two, and more treacherous of the two.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَنْ نُرْسِلُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ نُرْسِلُ إِلَيْهِ قُنْفُذاً فَهُوَ رَجُلٌ فَظٌّ غَلِيظٌ جَافٍ مِنَ الطُّلَقَاءِ أَحَدُ بَنِي عَدِيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ
Abu Bakr said to him, ‘Who shall we sent to him-asws?’ Umar said, ‘We should send Qunfuz to him, for he is a rude, harsh man, from the freed ones of (battle of) Ohad of the clan of Uday Bin Ka’ab’.
فَأَرْسَلَهُ وَ أَرْسَلَ مَعَهُ أَعْوَاناً وَ انْطَلَقَ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَأَبَى أَنْ يَأْذَنَ لَهُمْ فَرَجَعَ أَصْحَابُ قُنْفُذٍ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ وَ هُمَا جَالِسَانِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَ النَّاسُ حَوْلَهُمَا فَقَالُوا لَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لَنَا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ اذْهَبُوا فَإِنْ أَذِنَ لَكُمْ وَ إِلَّا فَادْخُلُوا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ
He sent him, and sent assistants with him, and he went and sought permission to see Ali-asws, but he-asws refused to give permission to them. The companions of Qunfuz returned to Abu bakr and Umar, and they were both seated in the Masjid, and the people were around them. They said, ‘He did not permit for us’. Umar said, ‘Go! Either he-asws permits for you or else entered without permission’.
فَانْطَلَقُوا فَاسْتَأْذَنُوا فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع أُحَرِّجُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا عَلَى بَيْتِي بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ فَرَجَعُوا وَ ثَبَتَ قُنْفُذٌ الْمَلْعُونُ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ قَالَتْ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَتَحَرَّجْنَا أَنْ نَدْخُلَ بَيْتَهَا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ
They went and sought permission. (Syeda) Fatima-asws said: ‘I-asws forbid you from entering into my-asws house without permission’. They returned and Qunfuz the accursed stayed affirmed. They said, (Syeda) ‘Fatima-asws said such and such, and she-asws forbid us from entering her-asws house without permission’.
فَغَضِبَ عُمَرُ وَ قَالَ مَا لَنَا وَ لِلنِّسَاءِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ أُنَاساً حَوْلَهُ بِتَحْصِيلِ الْحَطَبِ وَ حَمَلُوا الْحَطَبَ وَ حَمَلَ مَعَهُمْ عُمَرُ فَجَعَلُوهُ حَوْلَ مَنْزِلِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ فِيهِ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ ابْنَاهُمَا ع
Umar got angered and said, ‘What is it to us and the women?’ Then he ordered the people around him with collecting the firewood, and they carried the firewood, and Umar carried along with them, and they made it to be around the house of Ali-asws, and in it were Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and her-asws two sons-asws’.
ثُمَّ نَادَى عُمَرُ حَتَّى أَسْمَعَ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ اللَّهِ لَتَخْرُجَنَّ يَا عَلِيُّ وَ لَتُبَايِعَنَّ خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ إِلَّا أَضْرَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ النَّارَ
Then Umar called out until Ali-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws heard, ‘By Allah-azwj! Either you-asws will come out, O Ali-asws, and pledged allegiance to the caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww, or else I will ignite the fire upon you-asws!’
فَقَامَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع فَقَالَتْ يَا عُمَرُ مَا لَنَا وَ لَكَ فَقَالَ افْتَحِي الْبَابَ وَ إِلَّا أَحْرَقْنَا عَلَيْكُمْ بَيْتَكُمْ فَقَالَتْ يَا عُمَرُ أَ مَا تَتَّقِي اللَّهَ تَدْخُلُ عَلَى بَيْتِي
(Syeda) Fatima-asws stood up and said, ‘O Umar! What have we-asws to do with you?’ He said, ‘Open the door or else I will burn your house upon you’. She-asws said, ‘O Umar! Do you not fear Allah-azwj, in entering into my-asws house?’
فَأَبَى أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ وَ دَعَا عُمَرُ بِالنَّارِ فَأَضْرَمَهَا فِي الْبَابِ ثُمَّ دَفَعَهُ فَدَخَلَ فَاسْتَقْبَلَتْهُ فَاطِمَةُ ع وَ صَاحَتْ يَا أَبَتَاهْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَرَفَعَ عُمَرُ السَّيْفَ وَ هُوَ فِي غِمْدِهِ فَوَجَأَ بِهِ جَنْبَهَا فَصَرَخَتْ يَا أَبَتَاهْ فَرَفَعَ السَّوْطَ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ ذِرَاعَهَا فَنَادَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَبِئْسَ مَا خَلَفَكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ
But he refused to leave. And Umar called for the fire and ignited it in the door. Then he pushed it and entered. (Syeda) Fatima-asws was facing him, and she-asws shouted: ‘O father-saww! O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ Umar raised the sword, and it was in its sheath, and pained her-asws side with it. She-asws cried out: ‘O father-saww!’ He raised the whip and struck her-asws forearm with it. She-asws called out: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Evil is what Abu Bakr and Umar have replaced you-saww with!’
فَوَثَبَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَأَخَذَ بِتَلَابِيهِ فَصَرَعَهُ وَ وَجَأَ أَنْفَهُ وَ رَقَبَتَهُ وَ هَمَّ بِقَتْلِهِ فَذَكَرَ قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ مَا أَوْصَاهُ بِهِ فَقَالَ وَ الَّذِي كَرَّمَ مُحَمَّداً ص بِالنُّبُوَّةِ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ لَوْ لا كِتابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ وَ عَهْدٌ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَعَلِمْتَ أَنَّكَ لَا تَدْخُلُ بَيْتِي
Ali-asws leapt and grabbed his collar and wrestled him and pained his nose and his neck, and thought of killing him. Then he-asws remembered the words of Rasool-Allah-saww and what he-saww had bequeathed him-asws with. He-asws said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Honoured Muhammad-saww with the Prophet-hood, O Ibn Sahhak! Had there not been a preceding Book from Allah [8:68], and a pact promised to me-asws by Rasool-Allah-saww, you would have known that you cannot enter my-asws house!’
فَأَرْسَلَ عُمَرُ يَسْتَغِيثُ فَأَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا الدَّارَ وَ ثَارَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَى سَيْفِهِ فَرَجَعَ قُنْفُذٌ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ هُوَ يَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ عَلِيٌّ ع بِسَيْفِهِ لِمَا قَدْ عَرَفَ مِنْ بَأْسِهِ وَ شِدَّتِهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِقُنْفُذٍ ارْجِعْ فَإِنْ خَرَجَ فَاقْتَحِمْ عَلَيْهِ بَيْتَهُ فَإِنِ امْتَنَعَ فَأَضْرِمْ عَلَيْهِمْ بَيْتَهُمُ النَّارَ
Umar yelled for help, and the people came until they enter the house, and Ali-asws reached for his-asws sword. So, Qunfuz returned and he was scared of Ali-asws bringing out his-asws sword due to what he had recognise from his-asws bravery and severity. Abu Bakr said to Qunfuz, ‘Return. If he-asws comes out, storm his-asws house unto him-asws, and if he-asws refuses, then ignite the fire upon their house!’
فَانْطَلَقَ قُنْفُذٌ الْمَلْعُونُ فَاقْتَحَمَ هُوَ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ وَ ثَارَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَى سَيْفِهِ فَسَبَقُوهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ كَاثَرُوهُ فَتَنَاوَلَ بَعْضَ سُيُوفِهِمْ فَكَاثَرُوهُ فَأَلْقَوْا فِي عُنُقِهِ حَبْلًا وَ حَالَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَهُ فَاطِمَةُ ع عِنْدَ بَابِ الْبَيْتِ
Qunfuz the accursed went, and he and his companions stormed in without permission, and Ali-asws reached for his-asws sword, but he preceded him-asws to it, and they were many of them. Some of them grabbed their swords and they were many, and they threw a rope upon his-asws neck, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws blocked between them and him-asws at the door of the house.
فَضَرَبَهَا قُنْفُذٌ الْمَلْعُونُ بِالسَّوْطِ فَمَاتَتْ حِينَ مَاتَتْ وَ إِنَّ فِي عَضُدِهَا مِثْلَ الدُّمْلُجِ مِنْ ضَرْبَتِهِ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ
Qunfuz the accursed hit her-asws with the whip. She-asws passed away when she-asws passed away and in her-asws upper arm was the swelling from his-la strike, may Allah-azwj Curse him-la.
ثُمَّ انْطَلَقُوا بِعَلِيٍّ ع يُتَلُ حَتَّى انْتُهِيَ بِهِ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ قَائِمٌ بِالسَّيْفِ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ وَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ وَ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَ سَائِرُ النَّاسِ حَوْلَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَلَيْهِمُ السِّلَاحُ
Then they went with Ali-asws dragging until they ended with him-asws to Abu Bakr, and Umar was standing with the sword upon his head, and (so were) Khalid Bin Al-Waleed and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, and Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa, and Muaz Bin Jabal, and Al-Mugheira Bin Shu’ba, and Aseyd Bin Huzeyr, and Bashir Bin Sa’ad. And the rest of the people were around Abu Bakr, having the weapons upon them’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ لِسَلْمَانَ أَ دَخَلُوا عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ قَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ وَ مَا عَلَيْهَا خِمَارٌ فَنَادَتْ يَا أَبَتَاهْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَلَبِئْسَ مَا خَلَفَكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ عَيْنَاكَ لَمْ تَتَفَقَّأْ فِي قَبْرِكَ تُنَادِي بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهَا
He (Suleym) said, ‘I said to Salman-ra, ‘They entered upon (the house of) (Syeda) Fatima-asws without permission?’ He-ra said, ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj! There was no scarf upon her-asws. She-asws called out: ‘O father-saww! O Rasool-Allah-saww! Evil is what Abu Bakr and Umar have replaced you-saww, and your-saww have not even closed in your-saww grave’, calling out at the top of her-asws voice.
فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ مَنْ حَوْلَهُ يَبْكُونَ مَا فِيهِمْ إِلَّا بَاكٍ غَيْرَ عُمَرَ وَ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ وَ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ وَ عُمَرُ يَقُولُ إِنَّا لَسْنَا مِنَ النِّسَاءِ وَ رَأْيِهِنَّ فِي شَيْءٍ
And Abu Bakr and the ones around him were seen to be crying. There was no one among them except he cried, apart from Umar, and Khalid Bin Al-Waleed, and Al-Mugheira Bin Shuba, and Umar said, ‘We have nothing to do with women and their opinions’.
قَالَ فَانْتَهَوْا بِعَلِيٍّ ع إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ وَقَعَ سَيْفِي فِي يَدِي لَعَلِمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ لَمْ تَصِلُوا إِلَى هَذَا أَبَداً أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَلُومُ نَفْسِي فِي جِهَادِكُمْ وَ لَوْ كُنْتُ أَسْتَمْسِكُ مِنْ أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلًا لَفَرَّقْتُ جَمَاعَتَكُمْ وَ لَكِنْ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ أَقْوَاماً بَايَعُونِي ثُمَّ خَذَلُونِي
He (Salman-ra) said, ‘They ended up with Ali-asws to Abu Bakr, and he-asws was saying: ‘But, by Allah-azwj, if my-asws sword were to fall into my-asws hand, you would have known, you could not have come to this, ever! But, by Allah-azwj! And if I-asws could have got hold of forty men, I-asws would have dispersed your group, but may Allah-azwj Curse the people who pledged allegiance to me-asws, then abandoned me-asws!’
وَ لَمَّا أَنْ بَصُرَ بِهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ صَاحَ خَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا تَوَثَّبْتُمْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِأَيِّ حَقٍّ وَ بِأَيِّ مَنْزِلَةٍ دَعَوْتَ النَّاسَ إِلَى بَيْعَتِكَ أَ لَمْ تُبَايِعْنِي بِالْأَمْسِ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
When Abu Bakr sighted him-asws, he shouted, ‘Free his way!’ Ali-asws said: ‘O Abu Bakr! How quickly you have proven to be against Rasool-Allah-azwj. By which status did you call the people to your allegiance? Did you not pledge allegiance to me yesterday by the Command of Allah-azwj and the order of Rasool-Allah-saww?’
وَ قَدْ كَانَ قُنْفُذٌ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ ضَرَبَ فَاطِمَةَ ع بِالسَّوْطِ حِينَ حَالَتْ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ زَوْجِهَا وَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ إِنْ حَالَتْ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَهُ فَاطِمَةُ فَاضْرِبْهَا فَأَلْجَأَهَا قُنْفُذٌ إِلَى عِضَادَةِ بَيْتِهَا وَ دَفَعَهَا فَكَسَرَ ضِلْعاً مِنْ جَنْبِهَا فَأَلْقَتْ جَنِيناً مِنْ بَطْنِهَا فَلَمْ تَزَلْ صَاحِبَةَ فِرَاشٍ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَهِيدَةً
And Qunfuz-la, may Allah-azwj Curse him-la, had hit (Syeda) Fatima-asws with the whip when she-asws blocked between him and her-asws husband-asws, and Umar had sent a message to him, ‘If (Syeda) Fatima-asws were to come between you and him-asws, then hit her-asws’. Qunfuz-la lashed her-asws and she-asws sheltered the frame of her-asws house, and he pushed it and broke her-asws ribs from her-asws side. Her-asws unborn child was martyred in her-asws lap. She-asws did not cease to be in bed until she-asws passed away from that, a martyr’.
قَالَ وَ لَمَّا انْتُهِيَ بِعَلِيٍّ ع إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ انْتَهَرَهُ عُمَرُ وَ قَالَ لَهُ بَايِعْ وَ دَعْ عَنْكَ هَذِهِ الْأَبَاطِيلَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع فَإِنْ لَمْ أَفْعَلْ فَمَا أَنْتُمْ صَانِعُونَ
He (Salman-ra) said, ‘And when they ended with Ali-asws to Abu Bakr, Umar snubbed him-asws and said to him-asws, ‘Pledge allegiance and leave these falsities from you-asws’. Ali-asws said to him: ‘Supposing I-asws don’t do it, then what will you be doing?’
قَالُوا نَقْتُلُكَ ذُلًّا وَ صَغَاراً فَقَالَ إِذاً تَقْتُلُونَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ وَ أَخَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَنَعَمْ وَ أَمَّا أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَمَا نُقِرُّ لَكَ بِهَذَا قَالَ أَ تَجْحَدُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص آخَى بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَعَادَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ
They said, ‘We will kill you-asws disgracefully and belittling’. He-asws said: ‘Then you would be killing a servant of Allah-azwj and a brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww’. Abu bakr said, ‘As for (you-asws being) a servant of Allah-azwj, so yes, and as for (you-asws being) a brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, we do not acknowledge to you-asws with this’. He-asws said: ‘Are you rejecting that Rasool-Allah-saww established brother-hood between me-asws and him-saww?’ He said, ‘Yes’. He-asws repeated to him repeatedly.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَلِيٌّ ع فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنْشُدُكُمُ اللَّهَ أَ سَمِعْتُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا
Then Ali-asws turned towards them and said: ‘O community of Muslims, and the Emigrants and the Helpers! I-asws adjure you all with Allah-azwj! Didn’t you hear Rasool-Allah-saww saying on the day of Ghadeer Khumm, such and such, and during the military expedition of Tabuk, such and such?’
فَلَمْ يَدَعْ عَلِيٌّ ع شَيْئاً قَالَهُ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَانِيَةً لِلْعَامَّةِ إِلَّا ذَكَّرَهُمْ إِيَّاهُ فَقَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ
Ali-asws did not leave anything Rasool-Allah-saww had said regarding him-asws, announcing to the general public, except he-asws reminded them of it. They kept saying, ‘O Allah-azwj, yes!’
فَلَمَّا تَخَوَّفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَنْصُرَهُ النَّاسُ وَ أَنْ يَمْنَعُوهُ بَادَرَهُمْ فَقَالَ كُلُّ مَا قُلْتَ حَقٌّ قَدْ سَمِعْنَاهُ بِآذَانِنَا وَ وَعَتْهُ قُلُوبُنَا وَ لَكِنْ قَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ بَعْدَ هَذَا إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ اصْطَفَانَا اللَّهُ وَ أَكْرَمَنَا وَ اخْتَارَ لَنَا الْآخِرَةَ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَجْمَعَ لَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةَ وَ الْخِلَافَةَ
When Abu Bakr feared that the people might help him-asws, and even if he forbids them, he rushed them said, ‘All what you-asws say is true. We have heard it with our ears, and our hearts retained it, but we have heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying after this: ‘We-asws, People-asws of the Household, Allah-azwj Chose us-asws, and Honoured us-asws, and Chose the Hereafter to be for us-asws over the world, and that Allah-azwj will not happen to Gather for us-asws, People-asws of the Household, the Prophet-hood and the Caliphate’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع هَلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص شَهِدَ هَذَا مَعَكَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ صَدَقَ خَلِيفَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَدْ سَمِعْنَا هَذَا مِنْهُ كَمَا قَالَ وَ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ وَ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ قَدْ سَمِعْنَا ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
Ali-asws said: ‘Is there anyone from the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww who witnessed this with you?’ Umar said, ‘The caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww speaks the truth. We have heard this from him-saww just as he says’. And Abu Ubeyda, and Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa, and Muaz Bin Jabal said, ‘We have heard that from Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَقَدْ وَفَيْتُمْ بِصَحِيفَتِكُمْ الْمَلْعُونَةِ الَّتِي قَدْ تَعَاقَدْتُمْ عَلَيْهَا فِي الْكَعْبَةِ إِنْ قَتَلَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً أَوْ مَاتَ لَتَزْوُنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ عَنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَمَا عِلْمُكَ بِذَلِكَ مَا أَطْلَعْنَاكَ عَلَيْهَا
Ali-asws said: ‘You have been loyal to your agreement, the accursed, which you had agreed upon in the Kabah that, If Allah-azwj Kills Muhammad-saww, or he-saww dies, you will be removing this command from us-asws, People-asws of the Household’’. Abu Bakr said, ‘So what made you-asws know that? We did not notify you-asws upon it!’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَنْتَ يَا زُبَيْرُ وَ أَنْتَ يَا سَلْمَانُ وَ أَنْتَ يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ وَ أَنْتَ يَا مِقْدَادُ أَسْأَلُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ وَ بِالْإِسْلَامِ أَ مَا سَمِعْتُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَسْمَعُونَ إِنَّ فُلَاناً وَ فُلَاناً حَتَّى عَدَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْخَمْسَةَ قَدْ كَتَبُوا بَيْنَهُمْ كِتَاباً وَ تَعَاهَدُوا فِيهِ وَ تَعَاقَدُوا عَلَى مَا صَنَعُوا
Ali-asws said: ‘You, O Abu Zarr-ra, and you O Salman-ra, and you O Abu Zarr-ra, and you O Miqdad-ra! I-asws ask you-ra by Allah-azwj, and by Al-Islam, did you-ra not hear Rasool-Allah-saww saying that, and you-ra were listening: ‘So and so, and so and so’ – until he-asws counted those five who had written a letter between them and vowed regarding it, and they had agreed upon what they would do.
فَقَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ قَدْ سَمِعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ لَكَ إِنَّهُمْ قَدْ تَعَاهَدُوا وَ تَعَاقَدُوا عَلَى مَا صَنَعُوا وَ كَتَبُوا بَيْنَهُمْ كِتَاباً إِنْ قُتِلْتُ أَوْ مِتُّ أَنْ يَزْوُوا عَنْكَ هَذَا يَا عَلِيُّ
They-ra said, ‘O Allah-azwj, yes we-ra have heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying that to you-asws, they have contracted and agreed upon what they would do, and written a letter between them if he-saww is killed or dies, they would impeded this from you-asws, O Ali-asws’.
فَقُلْتُ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمَا تَأْمُرُنِي إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ أَنْ أَفْعَلَ فَقَالَ لَكَ إِنْ وَجَدْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَعْوَاناً فَجَاهِدْهُمْ وَ نَابِذْهُمْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً فَبَايِعْهُمْ وَ احْقُنْ دَمَكَ
I-asws said: ‘May my-asws father-as be (sacrificed) for you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww! What do you-saww instruct me-asws to do when that happens?’ He-saww said: ‘For you-asws is if you-asws were to find supporters against them, then fight them, and get rid of them, and if you-asws do not find supporters, then pledge allegiance to them and save your-asws blood’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ أُولَئِكَ الْأَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلًا الَّذِينَ بَايَعُونِي وَفَوْا لِي لَجَاهَدْتُكُمْ فِي اللَّهِ وَ لَكِنْ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا يَنَالُهَا أَحَدٌ مِنْ عَقِبِكُمَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
Ali-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! If those forty men, those who had pledged allegiance to me-asws had been loyal, I-asws would have fought against you regarding Allah-azwj. But, by Allah-azwj, no one from both your (Abu Bakr and Umar) posterity will attain it (caliphate) up to the Day of Qiyamah.
وَ فِيمَا يُكَذِّبُ قَوْلَكُمْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَوْلُ اللَّهِ أَمْ يَحْسُدُونَ النَّاسَ عَلى ما آتاهُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ فَقَدْ آتَيْنا آلَ إِبْراهِيمَ الْكِتابَ وَ الْحِكْمَةَ وَ آتَيْناهُمْ مُلْكاً عَظِيماً فَالْكِتَابُ النُّبُوَّةُ وَ الْحِكْمَةُ السُّنَّةُ وَ الْمُلْكُ الْخِلَافَةُ وَ نَحْنُ آلُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
And regarding what you are belying in your words upon Rasool-Allah-saww, are the Words of Allah-azwj: Or are they envying the people upon what Allah has Given them from His Grace? So We have Given the Progeny of Ibrahim, the Book and the Wisdom, and have Given them a grand kingdom [4:54], so it is the Book, the Prophet-hood, and the Wisdom is the Sunnah, and the kingdom is the caliphate, and we-asws are the progeny-asws of Ibrahim-as’.
فَقَامَ الْمِقْدَادُ فَقَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ بِمَا تَأْمُرُ وَ اللَّهِ إِنْ أَمَرْتَنِي لَأَضْرِبَنَّ بِسَيْفِي وَ إِنْ أَمَرْتَنِي كَفَفْتُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع كُفَّ يَا مِقْدَادُ وَ اذْكُرْ عَهْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ مَا أَوْصَاكَ بِهِ
Al-Miqdad-ra stood up and said, ‘O Ali-asws! What are your-asws orders? By Allah-azwj! If you-asws were to order me-ra, I will strike with my sword, and if you-asws order me-ra, I-asws shall refrain’. Ali-asws said: ‘Refrain, O Miqdad-ra, and remember the pact of Rasool-Allah-saww and what he-saww has bequeathed with’.
ثُمَّ قُمْتُ وَ قُلْتُ وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْ أَنِّي أَعْلَمُ أَنِّي أَدْفَعُ ضَيْماً وَ أُعِزُّ لِلَّهِ دِيناً لَوَضَعْتُ سَيْفِي عَلَى عُنُقِي ثُمَّ ضَرَبْتُ بِهِ قُدُماً أَ تَثِبُونَ عَلَى أَخِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ وَصِيِّهِ وَ خَلِيفَتِهِ فِي أُمَّتِهِ وَ أَبِي وُلْدِهِ فَأَبْشِرُوا بِالْبَلَاءِ وَ اقْنَطُوا مِنَ الرَّخَاءِ
Then I (Salman-ra) stood up and said, ‘By the One-azwj in Whose Hand is my-ra soul! If I-ra knew that I-ra can repel a wrong, and honour the Religion of Allah-azwj, I-ra would place my-ra sword upon my-ra neck, then I-ra would strike with it ahead! Are you pouncing upon the brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, and his-saww successor-asws, and his-saww caliph in his-saww community, and father-asws of his-saww children? Then receive news of the affliction termination from the hopes!’
وَ قَامَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَقَالَ أَيَّتُهَا الْأُمَّةُ الْمُتَحَيِّرَةُ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهَا الْمَخْذُولَةُ بِعِصْيَانِهَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفى آدَمَ وَ نُوحاً وَ آلَ إِبْراهِيمَ وَ آلَ عِمْرانَ عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ ذُرِّيَّةً بَعْضُها مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَ اللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
And Abu Zarr-ra stood up and said, ‘O you community, the confused ones after its Prophet-saww, and on the way with its acts of disobedience! Allah-azwj Says: Surely Allah chose Adam and Noah and the progeny of Ibrahim and the progeny of Imran above the worlds [3:33] Offspring, one being from the other; and Allah is Hearing, Knowing [3:34].
وَ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ ص الْأَخْلَافُ مِنْ نُوحٍ وَ آلُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مِنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ الصَّفْوَةُ وَ السُّلَالَةُ مِنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ عِتْرَةُ النَّبِيِّ ص مُحَمَّدٍ أَهْلُ بَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ مَوْضِعُ الرِّسَالَةِ وَ مُخْتَلَفُ الْمَلَائِكَةِ
And the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww are the replacements from Noah-as, and are the progeny-asws of Ibrahim-as from Ibrahim, and the descendants from Ismail-as, and family-asws of the Prophet-saww Muhammad-saww, People-asws of the Household of Prophet-hood, and place of the Message, and interchange of the Angels.
وَ هُمْ كَالسَّمَاءِ الْمَرْفُوعَةِ وَ الْجِبَالِ الْمَنْصُوبَةِ وَ الْكَعْبَةِ الْمَسْتُورَةِ وَ الْعَيْنِ الصَّافِيَةِ وَ النُّجُومِ الْهَادِيَةِ وَ الشَّجَرَةِ الْمُبَارَكَةِ أَضَاءَ نُورُهَا وَ بُورِكَ زَيْتُهَا
And they-asws are like the raised sky, and the installed mountains, and the veiled Kabah, and the clear spring, and the guiding stars, and the Blessed tree illuminating its light, and its Blessed oil.
مُحَمَّدٌ خَاتَمُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ سَيِّدُ وُلْدِ آدَمَ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَصِيُّ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ وَ إِمَامُ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَ قَائِدُ الْغُرِّ الْمُحَجَّلِينَ وَ هُوَ الصِّدِّيقُ الْأَكْبَرُ وَ الْفَارُوقُ الْأَعْظَمُ وَ وَصِيُّ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ وَارِثُ عِلْمِهِ
Muhammad-saww is the last of the Prophets-as, and chief of the children of Adam-as, and Ali-asws the successor-asws of the successors-as, and Imam-asws of the pious, and guide of the resplendent, and he-asws is the greatest truthful, and the magnificent distinguisher, and successor-asws of Muhammad-saww, and inheritor of his-saww knowledge.
وَ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى النَّبِيُّ أَوْلى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ أَزْواجُهُ أُمَّهاتُهُمْ وَ أُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتابِ اللَّهِ
And he-asws is foremost of the people with the Momineen-asws than their own selves, just as Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: The Prophet is foremost with the Momineen than their own selves, and his wives are their mothers; and the possessors of the womb relationships, some of them are higher than the others in the Book of Allah, [33:6].
فَقَدِّمُوا مَنْ قَدَّمَ اللَّهُ وَ أَخِّرُوا مَنْ أَخَّرَ اللَّهُ وَ اجْعَلُوا الْوِلَايَةَ وَ الْوِزَارَةَ لِمَنْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ
So, advance the one whom Allah-azwj Advanced, and keep back the one whom Allah-azwj Kept back, and make the governance and the ministry to be for the one Allah-azwj has Made it for’.
فَقَامَ عُمَرُ فَقَالَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ فَوْقَ الْمِنْبَرِ مَا يُجْلِسُكَ فَوْقَ الْمِنْبَرِ وَ هَذَا جَالِسٌ مُحَارِبٌ لَا يَقُومُ فَيُبَايِعَكَ أَ وَ تَأْمُرُ بِهِ فَنَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ
Umar stood up and said to Abu Bakr and he was seated at the top of the pulpit, ‘Why are you just sitting at the top of the pulpit and this seated one is a fighter not standing up to pledge allegiance to you, or will you order with and I will strike off his-asws neck?’
وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع قَائِمَانِ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَا مَقَالَةَ عُمَرَ بَكَيَا فَضَمَّهُمَا إِلَى صَدْرِهِ فَقَالَ لَا تَبْكِيَا فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا يَقْدِرَانِ عَلَى قَتْلِ أَبِيكُمَا
And Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws were standing. When they-asws heard the words of Umar, they-asws cried. So, he-asws hugged them-asws to his-asws chest and said: ‘Do not cry, for by Allah-azwj, they are not able upon killing your-asws father-asws’.
وَ أَقْبَلَتْ أُمُّ أَيْمَنَ حَاضِنَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فقال [فَقَالَتْ] يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا أَبْدَيْتُمْ حَسَدَكُمْ وَ نِفَاقَكُمْ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا عُمَرُ فَأُخْرِجَتْ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ وَ قَالَ مَا لَنَا وَ لِلنِّسَاءِ
And Umm Ayman-ra came grieving Rasool-Allah-saww and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! How quickly you have begun your envy and your hypocrisy!’ Umar ordered with her-ra, and she-ra was expelled from the Masjid, and he said, ‘What have we to do with the women’.
وَ قَامَ بُرَيْدَةُ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ وَ قَالَ يَا عُمَرُ أَ تَثِبُ عَلَى أَخِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ أَبِي وُلْدِهِ وَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي نَعْرِفُكَ فِي قُرَيْشٍ بِمَا نَعْرِفُكَ أَ لَسْتُمَا اللَّذَيْنِ قَالَ لَكُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص انْطَلِقَا إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع وَ سَلِّمَا عَلَيْهِ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقُلْتُمَا أَ عَنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ أَمْرِ رَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
And Bureyda Al-Aslami stood up and said, ‘O Umar! Are you pouncing upon the brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, and father-asws of his-saww children, and you are the one, we know you among Quraysh with what we recognise you. Aren’t you two the ones to whom Rasool-Allah-saww had said: ‘Go to Ali-asws and greet unto him-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’?’ So you both said, ‘Is it a Command from Allah-azwj and order of His-azwj Rasool-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَدْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ لَا يَجْتَمِعُ لِأَهْلِ بَيْتِي الْخِلَافَةُ وَ النُّبُوَّةُ فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا قَالَ هَذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ اللَّهِ لَا سَكَنْتُ فِي بَلْدَةٍ أَنْتَ فِيهَا أَمِيرٌ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ عُمَرُ فَضُرِبَ وَ طُرِدَ
Abu Bakr said, ‘That was like that, but Rasool-Allah-saww said after that: ‘There will not gather to the People-asws of my-saww Household, the caliphate and the Prophet-hood’. He said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww did not say this! By Allah-azwj, I will not dwell in a city you are a ruler in it’. Umar ordered with him, so he was hit and expelled.
ثُمَّ قَالَ قُمْ يَا ابْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَبَايِعْ فَقَالَ ع فَإِنْ لَمْ أَفْعَلْ قَالَ إِذاً وَ اللَّهِ نَضْرِبَ عُنُقَكَ فَاحْتَجَّ عَلَيْهِمْ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ مَدَّ يَدَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَفْتَحَ كَفَّهُ فَضَرَبَ عَلَيْهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ رَضِيَ بِذَلِكَ مِنْهُ
Then he said, ‘Stand O son-asws of Abu Talib-asws and pledge allegiance!’ He-asws said: ‘Supposing I-asws do not do it?’ He said, ‘Then by Allah-azwj, we will strike off your-asws neck’. He-asws argued against them three times, them extended his-asws hand from without having opened his-asws palm, and Abu Bakr hit his own hand upon it, and he was pleased with that from him-asws.
فَنَادَى عَلِيٌّ ع قَبْلَ أَنْ يُبَايِعَ وَ الْحَبْلُ فِي عُنُقِهِ يَا ابْنَ أُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَ كادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي
Ali-asws called out before he-asws pledged allegiance, and the rope was still in his-asws neck: ‘‘Son of my mother! Surely the people weakened me and they almost killed me [7:150]’.
وَ قِيلَ لِلزُّبَيْرِ بَايِعْ فَأَبَى فَوَثَبَ عُمَرُ وَ خَالِدٌ وَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ فِي أُنَاسٍ فَانْتَزَعُوا سَيْفَهُ فَضَرَبُوا بِهِ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى كَسَرُوهُ ثُمَّ لَبَّبُوهُ فَقَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَ عُمَرُ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ سَيْفِي فِي يَدِي لَحِدْتَ عَنِّي فَبَايَعَ
And he said to Al-Zubeyr, ‘Pledge allegiance!’ But he refused, so Umar and Khalid and Al-Mugheira Bin Shu’ba among people, leapt and snatched his sword, and they struck the ground with it until they broke it. Then they tied him. Al-Zubeyr said while Umar was upon his chest, ‘O Ibn Suhaak! But, by Allah-azwj! If my sword was in my hand, you would have fallen from me’. He pledged allegiance’.
قَالَ سَلْمَانُ ثُمَّ أَخَذُونِي فَوَجَئُوا عُنُقِي حَتَّى تَرَكُوهَا كَالسِّلْعَةِ ثُمَّ أَخَذُوا يَدِي وَ فَتَلُوهَا فَبَايَعْتُ مُكْرَهاً ثُمَّ بَايَعَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ مُكْرَهَيْنِ وَ مَا بَايَعَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْأُمَّةِ مُكْرَهاً غَيْرُ عَلِيٍّ وَ أَرْبَعَتِنَا
Salman-ra said, ‘Then they seized me-ra and pained my-ra neck until they left it like the (bent) rib’. Then they grabbed my-ra hand and wriggled it and I-ra pledged allegiance abhorrently. Then Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra pledged unwillingly, and no one from the community pledged unwillingly apart from Ali-asws and four of us-ra.
وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ أَشَدَّ قَوْلًا مِنَ الزُّبَيْرِ فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا بَايَعَ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَا هَؤُلَاءِ الطُّغَاةُ الَّذِينَ أَعَانُوكَ لَمَا كُنْتَ تُقْدِمُ عَلَيَّ وَ مَعِي سَيْفِي لِمَا أَعْرِفُ مِنْ جُبْنِكَ وَ لُؤْمِكَ وَ لَكِنْ وَجَدْتَ طُغَاةً تَقْوَى بِهِمْ وَ تَصُولُ
And there did not happen to be anyone from us-ra of more severe words than Al-Zubeyr. When he pledged allegiance, he said, ‘O Ibn Suhaak! But, by Allah-azwj, had it not been for these tyrants supporting you, you would not have advanced to me, and with me would be my sword, due to what I know of your cowardice and your vileness. But, you found tyrants to be strengthened by them, and you arrived’.
فَغَضِبَ عُمَرُ وَ قَالَ أَ تَذْكُرُ صهاكا [صُهَاكَ] فَقَالَ وَ مَنْ صُهَاكُ وَ مَا يَمْنَعُنِي مِنْ ذِكْرِهَا وَ قَدْ كَانَتْ صُهَاكُ زَانِيَةً أَ وَ تُنْكِرُ ذَلِكَ أَ وَ لَيْسَ قَدْ كَانَتْ أَمَةً حَبَشِيَّةً لِجَدِّي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَزَنَى بِهَا جَدُّكَ نُفَيْلٌ فَوَلَدَتْ أَبَاكَ الْخَطَّابَ
Umar was angered and said, ‘Are you mentioning Suhaak?’ He said, ‘And who is Suhaak, and what prevents you from her mention, and Suhaak used to be an adulteress. Or, are you denying that, or isn’t it the case that she was an Ethiopian maid of my grandfather-asws Abdul Muttalib-asws. Your father Nufeyl committed adultery with her and she gave birth to your father Al-Khattab.
فَوَهَبَهَا عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ لَهُ بَعْدَ مَا زَنَى بِهَا فَوَلَدَتْهُ وَ إِنَّهُ لَعَبْدُ جَدِّي وَلَدُ زِنًا فَأَصْلَحَ بَيْنَهُمَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ كَفَّ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَنْ صَاحِبِهِ
So Abdul Muttalib-asws gifted her to him after him having had committed adultery with her, and he (your father) was born, and he, born of adultery, is a slave of my grandfather-as’. Abu Bakr reconciled between the two, and the palm of each one of them was upon his companion’.
قَالَ سُلَيْمٌ فَقُلْتُ لِسَلْمَانَ فَبَايَعْتَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ يَا سَلْمَانُ وَ لَمْ تَقُلْ شَيْئاً
Suleym said, ‘I said to Salman-ra, ‘So, you-ra pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, O Salman-ra, and did not say anything?’
قَالَ قَدْ قُلْتُ بَعْدَ مَا بَايَعْتُ تَبّاً لَكُمْ سَائِرَ الدَّهْرِ أَ وَ تَدْرُونَ مَا صَنَعْتُمْ بِأَنْفُسِكُمْ أَصَبْتُمْ وَ أَخْطَأْتُمْ أَصَبْتُمْ سُنَّةَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ مِنَ الْفُرْقَةِ وَ الِاخْتِلَافِ وَ أَخْطَأْتُمْ سُنَّةَ نَبِيِّكُمْ ص حَتَّى أَخْرَجْتُمُوهَا مِنْ مَعْدِنِهَا وَ أَهْلِهَا
He-ra said, ‘I-ra had said after pledging, ‘Damnation be for you all for the rest of the time! Or, do you know what you are doing with yourselves? You have got it correct but are mistaken. You have got onto the ways of the ones who were before you of the sects, and the differing; and you are mistaken in the Sunnah of your Prophet-saww, unless you extract it from its mine, and its people-asws’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا سَلْمَانُ أَمَّا إِذْ بَايَعَ صَاحِبُكَ وَ بَايَعْتَ فَقُلْ مَا شِئْتَ وَ افْعَلْ مَا بَدَا لَكَ وَ لْيَقُلْ صَاحِبُكَ مَا بَدَا لَهُ
Umar said, ‘O Salman-ra! But, then your-ra companion-asws has pledged, and you-ra have pledged, so say whatever you like, and do whatever comes to you-ra, and let your-ra companion-asws say whatever comes to him-asws’.
قَالَ سَلْمَانُ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ إِنَّ عَلَيْكَ وَ عَلَى صَاحِبِكَ الَّذِي بَايَعْتَهُ مِثْلَ ذُنُوبِ أُمَّتِهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ مِثْلَ عَذَابِهِمْ جَمِيعاً
Salman-ra said, ‘I-ra said, ‘I-ra heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Upon you (Abu Bakr) and upon your companion (Umar) who pledged to you, would be the like of sins of his-saww (whole) community up to the Day of Qiyamah, and like their punishment, in their entirety’.
فَقَالَ قُلْ مَا شِئْتَ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ بَايَعْتَ وَ لَمْ يُقِرَّ اللَّهُ عَيْنَكَ بِأَنْ يَلِيَهَا صَاحِبُكَ
He said, ‘Say whatever you like. Haven’t you pledged allegiance, and Allah-azwj will not delight your-ra eyes by it going to your-ra companion-asws’.
فَقُلْتُ أَشْهَدُ أَنِّي قَدْ قَرَأْتُ فِي بَعْضِ كُتُبِ اللَّهِ الْمُنْزَلَةِ أَنَّهُ بِاسْمِكَ وَ نَسَبِكَ وَ صِفَتِكَ بَابٌ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ جَهَنَّمَ
I-ra said, ‘I-ra testify that I-ra have read in one of the Revealed Books of Allah-azwj being with your name, and your lineage, and your description is on a door from the doors of Hell’.
فَقَالَ لِي قُلْ مَا شِئْتَ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ أَزَالَهَا اللَّهُ عَنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذْتُمُوهُمْ أَرْبَاباً مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ
He said to me-ra, ‘Say whatever you like. Hasn’t Allah-azwj Removed it from People-asws of the Household, those you are taking them-asws to be lords from besides Allah-azwj?’
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَشْهَدُ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فَيَوْمَئِذٍ لا يُعَذِّبُ عَذابَهُ أَحَدٌ وَ لا يُوثِقُ وَثاقَهُ أَحَدٌ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّكَ أَنْتَ هُوَ
I-ra said to him, ‘I-ra testify that I-ra heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying, and I-ra had asked him-saww about this Verse: So, on that Day, no one will Punish (like) His Punishment [89:25] And no one will bind (like) His Binding [89:26]. He-saww informed me-asws that you are he’.
فَقَالَ لِي عُمَرُ اسْكُتْ أَسْكَتَ اللَّهُ نَأمَتَكَ أَيُّهَا الْعَبْدُ ابْنَ اللَّخْنَاءِ فَقَالَ لِي عَلِيٌّ ع أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ يَا سَلْمَانُ لَمَّا سَكَتَّ
Umar said to me-ra, ‘Be quiet! Be quiet! May Allah-azwj Kill you-ra, O you slave, son-ra of the evil-tongued one!’ Ali-asws said to me: ‘I-asws vow upon you-ra, O Salman-ra, be quiet’.
فَقَالَ سَلْمَانُ وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَمْ يَأْمُرْنِي عَلِيٌّ ع بِالسُّكُوتِ لَخَبَّرْتُهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ نَزَلَ فِيهِ وَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فِيهِ وَ فِي صَاحِبِهِ
Salman-ra said, ‘By Allah-azwj! If Ali-asws had not ordered me-ra with the silence, I-ra would have informed him with all things Revealed regarding him, and all things I-ra had heard from Rasool-Allah-saww regarding him and his companion’.
فَلَمَّا رَآنِي عُمَرُ قَدْ سَكَتُّ قَالَ إِنَّكَ لَهُ لَمُطِيعٌ مُسَلِّمٌ فَلَمَّا أَنْ بَايَعَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ لَمْ يَقُولَا شَيْئاً قَالَ عُمَرُ يَا سَلْمَانُ أَ لَا تَكُفُّ كَمَا كَفَّ صَاحِبَاكَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَنْتَ بِأَشَدَّ حُبّاً لِأَهْلِ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ مِنْهُمَا وَ لَا أَشَدَّ تَعْظِيماً لِحَقِّهِمْ مِنْهُمَا وَ قَدْ كَفَّا كَمَا تَرَى وَ بَايَعَا
When Umar saw me-ra to have quietened, he said, ‘You-ra are obedience to him-asws, a submitter’. When Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra pledged allegiance and did not say anything, Umar said, ‘O Salman-ra! Will you-ra not refrain just as your-ra two companions-ra have refrained? By Allah-azwj! You-ra are not with more intense love for the People-asws Household than these two, nor more intense reverence to their-asws rights, and they have both refrained, just as you-asws can see, and pledged their allegiances’.
قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ أَ فَتُعَيِّرُنَا يَا عُمَرُ بِحُبِّ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ تَعْظِيمِهِمْ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ وَ قَدْ فَعَلَ مَنْ أَبْغَضَهُمْ وَ افْتَرَى عَلَيْهِمْ وَ ظَلَمَهُمْ حَقَّهُمْ وَ حَمَلَ النَّاسَ عَلَى رِقَابِهِمْ وَ رَدَّ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةَ الْقَهْقَرَى عَلَى أَدْبَارِهَا
Abu Zarr-ra said, ‘Are you faulting us-ra, O Umar, with having love for Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and revering them-asws? May Allah-azwj Curse, and He-azwj has Done so, the one who hates them-asws, and fabricates upon them-asws, and oppresses them-asws of their-asws rights, and loads the people upon their-asws necks, and this community has turned backwards upon its back’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ آمِينَ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ ظَلَمَهُمْ حُقُوقَهُمْ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا لَهُمْ فِيهَا حَقٌّ وَ مَا هُمْ فِيهَا وَ عُرْضُ النَّاسِ إِلَّا سَوَاءً
Umar said, ‘Ameen! May Allah-azwj Curse the one who oppresses them-asws of their-asws rights. By Allah-azwj! There is no right for them in it (caliphate), and they-asws and the rest of the people are only equal in it’.
قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَلِمَ خَاصَمْتُمُ الْأَنْصَارَ بِحَقِّهِمْ وَ حُجَّتِهِمْ
Abu Zarr-ra said, ‘Then why did you dispute the Helpers of their rights and their arguments?’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لِعُمَرَ يَا ابْنُ صُهَاكَ فَلَيْسَ لَنَا فِيهَا حَقٌّ وَ هِيَ لَكَ وَ لِابْنِ آكِلَةِ الذِّبَّانِ قَالَ عُمَرُ كُفَّ الْآنَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ إِذْ بَايَعْتَ فَإِنَّ الْعَامَّةَ رَضُوا بِصَاحِبِي وَ لَمْ يَرْضَوْا بِكَ فَمَا ذَنْبِي
Ali-asws said to Umar: ‘O Ibn Suhaak! So, there aren’t any rights for us-asws in it, and it is for you and for the son of eater of swarms of flies?’ Umar said, ‘Refrain, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws, when you-asws have already pledged allegiance, for the general public are pleased with my companions, and are not pleased with you-asws, so what is my fault?’
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ لَمْ يَرْضَيَا إِلَّا بِي فَأَبْشِرْ أَنْتَ وَ صَاحِبُكَ وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَكُمَا وَ وَازَرَكُمَا بِسَخَطٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ عَذَابِهِ وَ خِزْيِهِ وَيْلَكَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ لَوْ تَدْرِي مِمَّا خَرَجْتَ وَ فِيمَا دَخَلْتَ وَ مَا ذَا جَنَيْتَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ وَ عَلَى صَاحِبِكَ
Ali-asws said: ‘But Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww are not pleased except with me-asws, so receive news, you and your companions and the ones who follow you two, and support you, of the Wrath from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Punishment, and His-azwj Disgrace. Woe be unto you, O Ibn Al-Khattab! If only you knew what you are coming out from and what you are entering into, and what crime you have committed upon yourself and upon your companion!’
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا عُمَرُ أَمَّا إِذْ قَدْ بَايَعَنَا وَ أَمِنَّا شَرَّهُ وَ فَتْكَهُ وَ غَائِلَتَهُ فَدَعْهُ يَقُولُ مَا شَاءَ
Abu Bakr said, ‘O Umar! When he-asws has already pledged allegiance, and we are secure from his-asws evil, and his-asws attack, and his-asws destruction, so leave him-asws to say whatever he-asws likes to’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَسْتُ بِقَائِلٍ غَيْرَ شَيْءٍ وَاحِدٍ أُذَكِّرُكُمْ اللَّهَ أَيُّهَا الْأَرْبَعَةُ قَالَ لِسَلْمَانَ وَ أَبِي ذَرٍّ وَ الزُّبَيْرِ وَ الْمِقْدَادِ أَ سَمِعْتُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ إِنَّ فِي النَّارِ لَتَابُوتاً مِنْ نَارٍ أَرَى فِيهِ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا سِتَّةً مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ سِتَّةً مِنَ الْآخِرِينَ فِي جُبٍّ فِي قَعْرِ جَهَنَّمَ فِي تَابُوتٍ مُقَفَّلٍ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْجُبِّ صَخْرَةٌ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُسَعِّرَ جَهَنَّمَ كَشَفَ تِلْكَ الصَّخْرَةَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ الْجُبِّ فَاسْتَعَرَتْ جَهَنَّمُ مِنْ وَهْجِ ذَلِكَ الْجُبِّ وَ مِنْ حَرِّهِ
Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws won’t be saying apart from one thing. I-asws remind you of Allah-azwj, O you four!’ – saying to Salman-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Zubeyr, and Al-Miqdad-ra. Did you-ra hear from Rasool-Allah-saww saying that in the Fire (Hell) there is a coffin of fire. I-saww see twelve men being in it, six from the former ones and six from the latter ones, in a pit in the bottom of Hell, in a coffin. Locking upon that pit is a rock. So, whenever Allah-azwj Wants to Inflame Hell, the rock is removed from the pit, and Hell is set ablaze from the glow of that pit and from its heat’.
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص عَنْهُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ شُهُودٌ فَقَالَ ص أَمَّا الْأَوَّلُونَ فَابْنُ آدَمَ الَّذِي قَتَلَ أَخَاهُ وَ فِرْعَوْنُ الْفَرَاعِنَةِ وَ الَّذِي حَاجَّ إِبْراهِيمَ فِي رَبِّهِ وَ رَجُلَانِ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بَدَّلَا كِتَابَهُمْ وَ غَيَّرَا سُنَّتَهُمْ أَمَّا أَحَدُهُمَا فَهَوَّدَ الْيَهُودَ وَ الْآخَرُ نَصَّرَ النَّصَارَى وَ إِبْلِيسُ سَادِسُهُمْ
Ali-asws said: ‘So I-asws asked Rasool-Allah-azwj about them, and you-ra are witnesses, he-saww said; ‘As for the former ones, it is the son of Adam-as who killed his brother, and Pharoh-la of the Pharaohs, and the one who argued with Ibrahim-as regarding his-as Lord-azwj, and two men from the children of Israel who replaced their Book and changed their ways. As for one of them, he Judaised the Jews, and the other one Christianised the Christians, and Iblees-la is their sixth.
وَ الدَّجَّالُ فِي الْآخِرِينَ وَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْخَمْسَةُ أَصْحَابُ الصَّحِيفَةِ الَّذِينَ تَعَاهَدُوا وَ تَعَاقَدُوا عَلَى عَدَاوَتِكَ يَا أَخِي وَ تَظَاهَرُوا عَلَيْكَ بَعْدِي هَذَا وَ هَذَا حَتَّى سَمَّاهُمْ وَ عَدَّهُمْ لَنَا
And Al-Dajjal-la among the latter ones, and these five, companions of the agreement which they had vowed and agreed upon being inimical to you-asws. O my-saww brother! And they will be backing each other against you-asws after me-saww, this one, and this one’ – until he-saww had named them and counted them to us’.
قَالَ سَلْمَانُ فَقُلْنَا صَدَقْتَ نَشْهَدُ أَنَّا سَمِعْنَا ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
Salman-ra said, ‘We-ra said, ‘You-asws speak the truth! We-ra testify that we-asws have heard that from Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ أَ مَا عِنْدَ أَصْحَابِكَ هَؤُلَاءِ حَدِيثٌ فِيَّ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع بَلَى سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَلْعَنُكَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ لَكَ بَعْدَ مَا لَعَنَكَ
Usman said, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! Is there any Hadeeth with these companions of yours-asws regarding me?’ Ali-asws said to him: ‘But, I-asws heard Rasool-Allah-saww cursing you, then he-saww did not seek Forgiveness for you after having cursed you’.
فَغَضِبَ عُثْمَانُ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا لِي وَ مَا لَكَ لَا تَدَعُنِي عَلَى حَالِي عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ لَا بَعْدَهُ
Usman was angered, then said. ‘What is it to me, and what is the matter with you-asws? You-asws did not leave me to be upon my state in the era of the Prophet-saww, nor after him-saww’.
فَقَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ نَعَمْ فَأَرْغَمَ اللَّهُ أَنْفَكَ فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ إِنَّ الزُّبَيْرَ يُقْتَلُ مُرْتَدّاً عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ
Al-Zubeyr said, ‘Yes, may Allah-azwj Rub your nose’. Usman said, ‘By Allah-azwj! I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Al-Zubeyr would be killed as an apostate from Al-Islam’.
قَالَ سَلْمَانُ فَقَالَ لِي عَلِيٌّ ع فِيمَا بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ صَدَقَ عُثْمَانُ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الزُّبَيْرَ يُبَايِعُنِي بَعْدَ قَتْلِ عُثْمَانَ فَيَنْكُثُ بَيْعَتِي فَيُقْتَلُ مُرْتَدّاً
Salman-ra said, ‘Ali-asws said to me-ra in what is between me-ra and him-asws: ‘Usman spoke the truth. Al-Zubeyr will pledge allegiance to me-asws after the killing of Usman, and he would break my-asws allegiance and will be killed as an apostate’.
قَالَ سُلَيْمٌ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ سَلْمَانُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ النَّاسَ كُلَّهُمْ ارْتَدُّوا بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص غَيْرَ أَرْبَعَةٍ إِنَّ النَّاسَ صَارُوا بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ وَ مَنْ تَبِعَهُ وَ مَنْزِلَةِ الْعِجْلِ وَ مَنْ تَبِعَهُ
Suleym said, ‘Then Ali-asws turned towards Salman-ra and said: ‘The people all of them became apostates after Rasool-Allah-saww apart from four. After Rasool-Allah-saww, the people committed to what was done in the era of Haroun-as and the ones who followed him-as and at the status of the calf and the ones following it’.
فَعَلِيٌّ فِي سُنَّةِ هَارُونَ وَ عَتِيقٌ فِي سُنَّةِ الْعِجْلِ وَ عُمَرُ فِي سُنَّةِ السَّامِرِيِّ وَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ لَتَجِيءُ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِي مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْيَةِ وَ الْمَكَانَةِ مِنِّي لِيَمُرُّوا عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُهُمْ وَ رَأَوْنِي وَ عَرَفْتُهُمْ وَ عَرَفُونِي اخْتُلِجُوا دُونِي
Thus, Ali-asws is in Sunnah of Haroun-as, and Ateeq (Abu Bakr) in the sunnah of the calf, and Umar in the sunnah of Al-Samiri-la. And I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘There will come a group from my-saww companions from the people held in high regard and position from me-saww to pass over the Bridge. When I-saww see them and they see me-saww, and I-saww recognise them and they recognise me-saww, they would be taken away from me-saww.
فَأَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ أَصْحَابِي أَصْحَابِي فَيُقَالُ لَا تَدْرِي مَا أَحْدَثُوا بَعْدَكَ إِنَّهُمْ ارْتَدُّوا عَلى أَدْبارِهِمْ حَيْثُ فَارَقْتَهُمْ فَأَقُولُ بُعْداً وَ سُحْقاً
I-saww shall say: ‘O Lord-azwj! My-saww companions! My-saww companions!’ He-azwj will Say: “Don’t you-saww know what they innovated after you-saww. They turned upon their heels when you-saww separated from them’. So, I-saww shall say: ‘Be distant and crushed!’
وَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ لَتَرْكَبَنَّ أُمَّتِي سُنَّةَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ حَذْوَ النَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ وَ حَذْوَ الْقُذَّةِ بِالْقُذَّةِ شِبْراً بِشِبْرٍ وَ ذِرَاعاً بِذِرَاعٍ وَ بَاعاً بِبَاعٍ إِذِ التَّوْرَاةُ وَ الْقُرْآنُ كَتَبَهُ يَدٌ وَاحِدَةٌ فِي رَقٍّ بِقَلَمٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ جَرَتِ الْأَمْثَالُ وَ السُّنَنُ سَوَاءً.
And I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘My-saww community will be adopting the ways of the children of Israel, step of the slipper with the slipper, and step of the arrow with the arrow (in a quiver), palm’s width by palm’s width, and cubit by cubit, and inch by inch, when the Torah and the Quran are Written by One Hand, and in a Parchment with one pen, and the Sunnahs and the examples flow in the same manner’’.[46]
46- وَ أَيْضاً وَجَدْتُ فِي كِتَابِ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْهِلَالِيِّ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الْبَرَاءَ بْنَ عَازِبٍ يَقُولُ كُنْتُ أُحِبُّ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ حُبّاً شَدِيداً فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَوْصَى عَلِيّاً ع أَنْ لَا يَلِيَ غُسْلَهُ غَيْرُهُ وَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَرَى عَوْرَتَهُ غَيْرُهُ وَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ يَرَى عَوْرَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِلَّا ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ
And as well I (Majlisi) found in the book of Suleym Bin Qays Al Hilali having heard Al Bara’a Bin Aazib saying,
‘I used to love the Clan of Hashim-asws with intense love during the lifetime of Rasool-Allah-saww and after his-saww expiry. When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, he-saww had bequeathed to Ali-asws that no one would be in charge of washing him-saww apart from him-asws and it is not befitting for anyone that he sees his-saww private parts apart from him-asws, and it isn’t for anyone to see the private parts of Rasool-Allah-azwj except his sight would be gone.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمَنْ يُعِينُنِي عَلَى غُسْلِكَ قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فِي جُنُودٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ
Ali-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Who will assist me-asws upon washing you-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as among armies of Angels’.
فَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يُغَسِّلُهُ وَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ مَرْبُوطَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ يَصُبُّ الْمَاءَ وَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يُقَلِّبُونَهُ لَهُ كَيْفَ شَاءَ وَ لَقَدْ أَرَادَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَنْ يَنْزِعَ قَمِيصَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَصَاحَ بِهِ صَائِحٌ لَا تَنْزِعْ قَمِيصَ نَبِيِّكَ يَا عَلِيُّ فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ تَحْتَ الْقَمِيصِ فَغَسَّلَهُ
So, Ali-asws was washing him-saww, and Al-Fazl Bin A-Abbas was blindfolded of the eyes, pouring the water, and the Angels were turning him-saww for him-asws however he-asws so desired; and Ali-asws had intended to remove the shirt of Rasool-Allah-saww, and he (Jibraeel-as) said (as per Command of Allah-azwj) to him-asws: ‘Do not remove the shirt of your-asws Prophet-saww, O Ali-asws!’ So, he-asws inserted his-asws hand beneath the shirt and washed him-saww.
ثُمَّ حَنَّطَهُ وَ كَفَّنَهُ ثُمَّ نَزَعَ الْقَمِيصَ عِنْدَ تَكْفِينِهِ وَ تَحْنِيطِهِ
Then he-asws embalmed him-saww, then removed the shirt during enshrouding him and embalming him-saww.
قَالَ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ عَازِبٍ فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص تَخَوَّفْتُ أَنْ يَتَظَاهَرَ قُرَيْشٌ عَلَى إِخْرَاجِ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَلَمَّا صَنَعَ النَّاسُ مَا صَنَعُوا مِنْ بَيْعَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَخَذَنِي مَا يَأْخُذُ الْوَالِهَ الثَّكُولَ مَعَ مَا بِي مِنَ الْحُزْنِ لِوَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
Al-Bara’a Bin Aazib said, ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, I feared that Quraysh would overcome upon extracting this command from the Clan of Hashim-asws. When the people did what they did, from pledging allegiance to Abu Bakr, there seized me the grief what tends to seize a bereaved mother, along with the grief there was with me due to the expiry of Rasool-Allah-saww.
فَجَعَلْتُ أَتَرَدَّدُ وَ أَرْمُقُ وُجُوهَ النَّاسِ وَ قَدْ خَلَا الْهَاشِمِيُّونَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لِغُسْلِهِ وَ تَحْنِيطِهِ وَ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي الَّذِي كَانَ مِنْ قَوْلِ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ مِنْ جُمْلَةِ أَصْحَابِهِ فَلَمْ أَحْفِلْ بِهِمْ وَ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَئُولُ إِلَى شَيْءٍ
I reluctantly went on to scan the faces of the people, and the Clan of Hashim-asws had isolated with Rasool-Allah-saww for washing him-saww, and embalming him-saww, and it had reached me from the words of Sa’ad Bin Ubada, and the ones who followed him from the totality of his companions. I did not care about them and knew that it will not come to anything.
فَجَعَلْتُ أَتَرَدَّدُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ الْمَسْجِدِ وَ أَتَفَقَّدُ وُجُوهَ قُرَيْشٍ وَ كَأَنِّي لَكَذَلِكَ إِذْ فَقَدْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ ثُمَّ لَمْ أَلْبَثْ حَتَّى إِذَا أَنَا بِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ وَ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ قَدْ أَقْبَلُوا فِي أَهْلِ السَّقِيفَةِ وَ هُمْ مُحْتَجِزُونَ بِالْأُزُرِ الصَّنْعَانِيَةِ لَا يَمُرُّ بِهِمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا خَبَطُوهُ فَإِذَا عَرَفُوهُ مَدُّوا يَدَهُ عَلَى يَدِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ شَاءَ ذَلِكَ أَمْ أَبَى
I reluctantly went on to be between them and between the Masjid, and surveyed faces of Quraysh, and it is as if I was like that when I missed Abu Bakr and Umar. Then it was not long before I was with Abu Bakr and Umar and Ubeyda having had come among the people of the shed (Saqeefa), and they were with the manufactured cloth. No one passed by them except they thwarted him. So, when they recognised him, they would forcibly extend his hand upon the hand of Abu Bakr, whether he liked that or refused.
فَأَنْكَرْتُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ عَقْلِي جَزَعاً مِنْهُ مَعَ الْمُصِيبَةِ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَخَرَجْتُ مُسْرِعاً حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَ الْبَابُ مُغْلَقٌ دُونَهُمْ فَضَرَبْتُ الْبَابَ ضَرْباً عَنِيفاً وَ قُلْتُ يَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ
My intellect disliked during that, being alarmed from it, along with the calamity with Rasool-Allah-azwj. So I went out hurriedly until I came to the Masjid. Then I went to the Clan of Hashim-asws, and the door was locked besides them. I knocked the door with violent knocking and I said, ‘O People-asws of the Household!’
فَخَرَجَ إِلَيَّ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ فَقُلْتُ قَدْ بَايَعَ النَّاسُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ قَدْ تَرِبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ مِنْهَا آخِرَ الدَّهْرِ أَمَا إِنِّي قَدْ أَمَرْتُكُمْ فَعَصَيْتُمُونِي
Al-Fazl Bin Al-Abbas came out to me, and I said, ‘The people have pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr’. Al-Abbas said, ‘You have raised your hands from it up to the end of times. But, I had instructed you, but you disobeyed me’.
فَمَكَثْتُ أُكَابِدُ مَا فِي نَفْسِي فَلَمَّا كَانَ اللَّيْلُ خَرَجْتُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَلَمَّا صِرْتُ فِيهِ تَذَكَّرْتُ أَنِّي كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُ هَمْهَمَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِالْقُرْآنِ فَانْبَعَثْتُ مِنْ مَكَانِي فَخَرَجْتُ نَحْوَ الْفَضَاءِ فَوَجَدْتُ نَفَراً يَتَنَاجَوْنَ فَلَمَّا دَنَوْتُ مِنْهُمْ سَكَتُوا فَانْصَرَفْتُ عَنْهُمْ فَعَرَفُونِي وَ مَا عَرَفْتُهُمْ
I remained suffering with what was within myself. When it was the night, I went out to the Masjid. When I came to be in it, I remembered that I used to hear the humming of Rasool-Allah-saww with the Quran. I got up from my place and went out to around the space, and I found a number (of men) whispering. When I went near to them, they became silent. So, I turned to leave from them, and they recognised me, and I did not recognise them.
فَدَعَوْنِي فَأَتَيْتُهُمْ وَ إِذَا الْمِقْدَادُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ سَلْمَانُ وَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ وَ عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ وَ حُذَيْفَةُ بْنُ الْيَمَانِ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ وَ حُذَيْفَةُ يَقُولُ وَ اللَّهِ لَيَفْعَلُنَّ مَا أَخْبَرْتُكُمْ بِهِ فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا كَذَبْتُ وَ لَا كُذِبْتُ وَ إِذَا الْقَوْمُ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُعِيدُوا الْأَمْرَ شُورَى بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ
They called me, so I went to them, and there was Al-Miqdad-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Amman Bin Yasser, and Ubada Bin Al-Samit, and Huzeyfa Bin Al-Yaman, and Al-Zubeyr Bin Al-Awwam, and Huzeyfa saying, ‘By Allah-azwj! They are doing (exactly) what I had informed you all with. By Allah-azwj! Neither am I lying nor was I lied to. And then the people would want to return the command to a consultation between the Emigrants and the Helpers’.
فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ انْطَلِقُوا بِنَا إِلَى أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ فَقَدْ عَلِمَ مِثْلَ مَا عَلِمْتُ فَانْطَلَقُوا إِلَى أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ وَ ضَرَبْنَا عَلَيْهِ بَابَهُ فَأَتَى حَتَّى صَارَ خَلْفَ الْبَابِ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ أَنْتُمْ فَكَلَّمَهُ الْمِقْدَادُ فَقَالَ مَا جَاءَ بِكَ فَقَالَ افْتَحْ فَإِنَّ الْأَمْرَ الَّذِي جِئْنَا فِيهِ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ أَنْ يَجْرِيَ وَرَاءَ الْبَابِ
Huzeyfa said, ‘Let us go to Ubay Bin Ka’b, for he knows similar to what I know’. So we went to Ubay Bin Ka’ab, and we knocked his door to him. He came until he was behind the door, then said, ‘Who are you?’ Al-Miqdad-ra spoke. He said, ‘What have you come for?’ He said, ‘Open, for the matter which we have come for is greater than to flow behind the door’.
فَقَالَ مَا أَنَا بِفَاتِحٍ بَابِي وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ مَا جِئْتُمْ لَهُ وَ مَا أَنَا بِفَاتِحٍ بَابِي كَأَنَّكُمْ أَرَدْتُمُ النَّظَرَ فِي هَذَا الْعَقْدِ فَقُلْنَا نَعَمْ فَقَالَ أَ فِيكُمْ حُذَيْفَةُ فَقُلْنَا نَعَمْ فَقَالَ الْقَوْلُ مَا قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ فَأَمَّا أَنَا فَلَا أَفْتَحُ بَابِي حَتَّى يَجْرِيَ عَلَيَّ مَا هُوَ جَارٍ عَلَيْهِ وَ مَا يَكُونُ بَعْدَهَا شَرٌّ مِنْهَا وَ إِلَى اللَّهِ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ الْمُشْتَكَى قَالَ فَرَجَعُوا ثُمَّ دَخَلَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ بَيْتَهُ
He said, ‘I will not be opening my door, and I know what you have come for, and I will not open my door. It is as if you are wanting the considering regarding this pact’. We said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Is Huzeyfa among you?’ We said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘The word is what Huzeyfa says. As for me, I will not open my door until there flows upon me what has upon him, and what will be happening after it would be more evil than it, and I complain to Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Praise’. They returned, then Ubay Bin Ka’ab entered his house.
قَالَ وَ بَلَغَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ الْخَبَرُ فَأَرْسَلَا إِلَى أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ فَسَأَلَاهُمَا الرَّأْيَ فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ أَرَى أَنْ تَلْقُوا الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَتُطْمِعُوهُ فِي أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ نَصِيبٌ يَكُونُ لَهُ وَ لِعَقِبِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَتَقْطَعُوهُ بِذَلِكَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَخِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَإِنَّ الْعَبَّاسَ لَوْ صَارَ مَعَكُمْ كَانَتِ الْحُجَّةُ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَ هَانَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَمْرُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَحْدَهُ
He said, ‘and the news reached Abu Bakr and Umar so they sent a message to Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, and Al-Mugheira Bin Shu’ba, and asked them for the opinion. Al-Mugheira Bin Shu’ba said, ‘I view that you should meet Al-Abbas son of Abdul Muttalib-asws, and entice him regarding that there would happen to be a share for him in this command, to be for him and for his posterity from after him. So cut him out from the son-asws of his brother-as Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, for if Al-Abbas were to become with you, it would be the argument upon the people, and the matter would be easy for you, Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws would be alone’.
قَالَ فَانْطَلَقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا عَلَى الْعَبَّاسِ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ مِنْ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
He said, ‘Abu Bakr, and Umar, and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jarrah, and Al-Mugheira Bin Shu’ba went until they entered to see Al-Abbas during the second night from the expiry of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
قَالَ فَتَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ ابْتَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً ص نَبِيّاً وَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلِيّاً فَمَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِكَوْنِهِ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْهِمْ حَتَّى اخْتَارَ لَهُ مَا عِنْدَهُ وَ تَرَكَ لِلنَّاسِ أَمْرَهُمْ لِيَخْتَارُوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ مَصْلَحَتَهُمْ مُتَّفِقِينَ لَا مُخْتَلِفِينَ
He said, ‘Abu Bakr spoke. He praised Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty, and extolled upon Him-azwj, then said, ‘Allah-azwj had Send Muhammad-saww as a Prophet-saww and a guardian for the Momineen. Allah-azwj Conferred upon them with his-saww being in their midst until He-azwj Chose for him what is in His-azwj Presence, and left for the people, their affairs for choose for themselves, their benefits, harmonised, not differing.
فَاخْتَارُونِي عَلَيْهِمْ وَالِياً وَ لِأُمُورِهِمْ رَاعِياً فَتَوَلَّوْنِي ذَلِكَ وَ مَا أَخَافُ بِعَوْنِ اللَّهِ وَهْناً وَ لَا حَيْرَةً وَ لَا جُبْناً وَ ما تَوْفِيقِي إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَ إِلَيْهِ أُنِيبُ غَيْرَ أَنِّي لَا أَنْفَكُّ مِنْ طَاعِنٍ يَبْلُغُنِي فَيَقُولُ بِخِلَافِ قَوْلِ الْعَامَّةِ
So they chose me as a ruler upon them and a shepherd for their affairs, making me to be in charge of that, and by the Assistance of Allah-azwj, I neither fear any weakness, nor confusion, nor cowardice, and my success is only with Allah. Upon Him do I rely and to Him do I turn [11:88], apart from that I cannot until myself from the taunts that have reached me, and he is saying opposite to the words of the general public.
فَيَتَّخِذُكُمْ لَجَأً فَتَكُونُونَ حِصْنَهُ الْمَنِيعَ وَ خَطْبَهُ الْبَدِيعَ فَإِمَّا دَخَلْتُمْ مَعَ النَّاسِ فِيمَا اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَيْهِ أَوْ صَرَفْتُمُوهُمْ عَمَّا مَالُوا إِلَيْهِ فَقَدْ جِئْنَاكَ وَ نَحْنُ نُرِيدُ أَنْ نَجْعَلَ لَكَ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ نَصِيباً يَكُونُ لَكَ وَ لِعَقِبِكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ إِذْ كُنْتَ عَمَّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ إِنْ كَانَ النَّاسُ قَدْ رَأَوْا مَكَانَكَ وَ مَكَانَ صَاحِبِكَ فَعَدَلُوا بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ عَنْكُمَا
So they would take you as a shelter and you will become his impregnable fortress, and his amazing speeches. If you were to enter along with the people into what they have united upon, or you turn them away from what they are inclining towards. We have come to you and we want you make a share for you to be in this command, to be for you and for your posterity from after you, since you are an uncle of Rasool-Allah-saww, and even though the people have seen your position and position of your companion (Ali-asws), and they have distanced this command from both of you’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِي وَ اللَّهِ وَ أُخْرَى يَا بَنِي هَاشِمٍ عَلَى رِسْلِكُمْ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مِنَّا وَ مِنْكُمْ وَ لَمْ نَأْتِكَ حَاجَةً مِنَّا إِلَيْكُمْ وَ لَكِنْ كَرِهْنَا أَنْ يَكُونَ الطَّعْنُ فِيمَا اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَيَتَفَاقَمَ الْخَطْبُ بِكُمْ وَ بِهِمْ فَانْظُرُوا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ لِلْعَامَّةِ
Umar said, ‘By Allah-azwj! And another (thing), O Clan of Hashim-asws upon your Rasool-saww. Surely, Rasool-Allah-saww is from us and from you, and we did not come to you for a need from us to you, but we disliked that the taunts should happen in what the Muslims have united upon, so the speech would become aggravated between you and them. So, consider for yourselves and for the general public’.
فَتَكَلَّمَ الْعَبَّاسُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ ابْتَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً ص نَبِيّاً وَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلِيّاً فَإِنْ كُنْتَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص طَلَبْتَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فَحَقَّنَا أَخَذْتَ وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ طَلَبْتَ فَنَحْنُ مِنْهُمْ مَا تَقَدَّمَ رَأْيُنَا فِي أَمْرِكَ وَ لَا شُوِّرْنَا وَ لَا نُحِبُّ لَكَ ذَلِكَ إِذْ كُنَّا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ كُنَّا لَكَ كَارِهِينَ
Al-Abbas spoke, he said, ‘Allah-azwj had Sent Muhammad-saww as a Prophet-saww and a guardian for the Momineen. So, if you were seeking this command by Rasool-Allah-saww, so you have seized our right, and if you were seeking with the Momineen, then we are from them. You did not advance our view regarding your command, nor did you consult us, and we do not like that for you, and we were (also) from the Momineen, and we were from those who were hating you.
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُكَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِي فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ نَصِيباً فَإِنْ كَانَ هَذَا الْأَمْرُ لَكَ خَاصَّةً فَأَمْسِكْ عَلَيْكَ فَلَسْنَا مُحْتَاجِينَ إِلَيْكَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ حَقَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَلَيْسَ لَكَ أَنْ تَحْكُمَ فِي حَقِّهِمْ وَ إِنْ كَانَ حَقَّنَا فَإِنَّا لَا نَرْضَى بِبَعْضِهِ دُونَ بَعْضٍ
And as for your words that you will make a share to be for me in this command, so if this command was for you in particular, then withhold it to you, for we are not needy to you, and if it was a right of the Momineen, then it isn’t for you that you decide regarding their rights, and if it was our right, then we are not pleased with part of it besides a part.
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُكَ يَا عُمَرُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مِنَّا وَ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص شَجَرَةٌ نَحْنُ أَغْصَانُهَا وَ أَنْتُمْ جِيرَانُهَا فَنَحْنُ أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْكُمْ
And as for your words, O Umar, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww is from us and for you’, so Rasool-Allah-saww is a tree, and we are its branches, and you are its neighbours. Thus, we are foremost with it than you are.
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُكَ إني [إِنَّا] نَخَافُ تَفَاقُمَ الْخَطْبِ بِكُمْ فَهَذَا الَّذِي فَعَلْتُمُوهُ أَوَائِلُ ذَلِكَ وَ اللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعانُ
And as for your words that it would aggravate the speech with you, so this is which you have done in the beginning of that, and Allah is the Helper [12:18]’.
فَخَرَجُوا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَ أَنْشَأَ الْعَبَّاسُ يَقُولُ
| مَا كُنْتُ أَحْسَبُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ مُنْحَرِفاً- | عَنْ هَاشِمٍ ثُمَّ مِنْهَا عَنْ أَبِي حَسَنٍ | |
| أَ لَيْسَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ صَلَّى لِقِبْلَتِكُمْ- | وَ أَعْلَمَ النَّاسِ بِالْآثَارِ وَ السُّنَنِ- | |
| وَ أَقْرَبَ النَّاسِ عَهْداً بِالنَّبِيِّ وَ مَنْ- | جِبْرِيلُ عَوْنٌ لَهُ بِالْغُسْلِ وَ الْكَفَنِ- | |
| مَنْ فِيهِ مَا فِي جَمِيعِ النَّاسِ كُلِّهِمْ | وَ لَيْسَ فِي النَّاسِ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَسَنِ | |
| مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي رَدَّكُمْ عَنْهُ فَنَعْرِفَهُ- | هَا إِنَّ بَيْعَتَكُمْ مِنْ أَوَّلِ الْفِتَنِ |
They went out from his presence and Al-Abbas prosed saying, ‘I did not reckon this command would turn away from (Clan of) Hashim-asws, then from it away from Abu Hassan-asws. Isn’t he-asws the first one to pray Salat to your qiblah, and most knowledgeable of the people with the Ahadeeth and the Sunnah, and the closest of the people in pact with the Prophet-saww, and the one whom Jibraeel-as was an assistant of for the washing, and the enshrouding, one in whom is whatever is in the entirety of the people, and there isn’t in the people what there is in him-asws of the beauties. Who is that who can return you from it? Here, your allegiance is from the first of the strifes (Fitna)’’.[47]
47- وَ وَجَدْتُ أَيْضاً فِي كِتَابِ سُلَيْمٍ، فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ قَالَ أَبَانُ بْنُ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ قَالَ لِي أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع مَا لَقِينَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ مِنْ ظُلْمِ قُرَيْشٍ وَ تَظَاهُرِهِمْ عَلَيْنَا وَ قَتْلِهِمْ إِيَّانَا وَ مَا لَقِيَتْ شِيعَتُنَا وَ مُحِبُّونَا مِنَ النَّاسِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قُبِضَ وَ قَدْ قَامَ بِحَقِّنَا وَ أَمَرَ بِطَاعَتِنَا وَ فَرَضَ وَلَايَتَنَا وَ مَوَدَّتَنَا وَ أَخْبَرَهُمْ بِأَنَّا أَوْلَى بِهِمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ أَمَرَ أَنْ يُبَلِّغَ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ
And I (Majlisi) found as well in the book of Suleym, in another place – Aban Bin Abu Ayyash said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said to me: ‘What is faced by us-asws, People-asws of the Household, from the oppression of Quraysh, their backing each other against us-asws, and their killing us-asws, and what is faced by our-asws Shias and ones who love us-asws, from the people, is because Rasool-Allah-saww passed away and he-saww had stood with our-asws rights, and ordered with obedience to us-asws, and Obligated our-asws Wilayah, and our-asws cordiality, and informed them what we-asws are foremost with them than their ownselves, and ordered that the one presented deliver it to the absentee’.
فَتَظَاهَرُوا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَاحْتَجَّ عَلَيْهِمْ بِمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِيهِ وَ مَا سَمِعْتِ الْعَامَّةُ فَقَالُوا صَدَقْتَ قَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَكِنْ قَدْ نَسَخَهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ أَكْرَمَنَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ اصْطَفَانَا وَ لَمْ يَرْضَ لَنَا بِالدُّنْيَا وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَجْمَعُ لَنَا النُّبُوَّةَ وَ الْخِلَافَةَ
But they backed each other against Ali-asws. He-asws argued against them with what Rasool-Allah-saww had said regarding him-asws, and what the general public had heard. They said, ‘You-asws speak the truth, Rasool-Allah-saww had said it, but abrogated it. (They alleged that) He-saww said: ‘We-asws, People-asws of the Household, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Honoured us-asws, and Chose us-asws, and was not Pleased for the world being for us-asws, and that Allah-azwj will not Gatherer for us-asws, the Prophet-hood and the caliphate’.
فَشَهِدَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ أَرْبَعَةُ نَفَرٍ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ وَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ وَ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ فَشَبَّهُوا عَلَى الْعَامَّةِ وَ صَدَّقُوهُمْ وَ رَدُّوهُمْ عَلَى أَدْبَارِهِمْ وَ أَخْرَجُوهَا مِنْ مَعْدِنِهَا حَيْثُ جَعَلَهَا اللَّهُ وَ احْتَجُّوا عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ بِحَقِّنَا فَعَقَدُوهَا لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ
Forty persons testified with that for him (Abu Bakr), and (so did) Abu Ubeyda, and Muaz Bin Jabal, and Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa. They confused upon the general public, and they ratified them, and they returned them upon their backs, and they took it out from its mine when Allah-azwj had Made it to be, and they argued against the Helpers with our-asws right, and they tied it to Abu Bakr.
ثُمَّ رَدَّهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى عُمَرَ يُكَافِيهِ بِهَا ثُمَّ جَعَلَهَا عُمَرُ شُورَى بَيْنَ سِتَّةٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَهَا ابْنُ عَوْفٍ لِعُثْمَانَ عَلَى أَنْ يَرُدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ فَغَدَرَ بِهِ عُثْمَانُ وَ أَظْهَرَ ابْنُ عَوْفٍ كُفْرَهُ وَ جَهْلَهُ وَ طُعِنَ فِي حَيَاتِهِ وَ زَعَمَ أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ سَمَّهُ فَمَاتَ
Then Abu Bakr returned it to Umar sufficing him (of his support) with it. Then Umar made it to be a consultation between six. Then Ibn Awf made it to be for Usman upon (a condition) that he would return it to him. But, Usman was treacherous with him, and Ibn Awf manifested his Kufr, and his ignorance, and accused him during his lifetime and claimed that Usman had poisoned him, Then he died.
ثُمَّ قَامَ طَلْحَةُ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ فَبَايَعَا عَلِيّاً ع طَائِعَيْنِ غَيْرَ مُكْرَهَيْنِ ثُمَّ نَكَثَا وَ غَدَرَا وَ ذَهَبَا بِعَائِشَةَ مَعَهُمَا إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ ثُمَّ دَعَا مُعَاوِيَةُ طُغَاةَ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ إِلَى الطَّلَبِ بِدَمِ عُثْمَانَ وَ نَصَبَ لَنَا الْحَرْبَ
Then Talha and Al-Zubeyr stood and pledged allegiance to Ali-asws willingly, without abhorrence. Then they broke it and betrayed, and Ayesha went with them to Al-Basra (to fight against Ali-asws). Then Muawiya called the tyrants of the people of Syria to seeking the blood of Usman, and established the war to us-asws.
ثُمَّ خَالَفَهُ أَهْلُ حَرُورَاءَ عَلَى أَنْ يَحُكِّمَ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَ سُنَّةَ نَبِيِّهِ ص فَلَوْ كَانَا حَكَمَا بِمَا شُرِطَ عَلَيْهِمَا لَحَكَمَا أَنَّ عَلِيّاً أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ عَلَى لِسَانِ نَبِيِّهِ ص وَ فِي سُنَّتِهِ فَخَالَفَهُ أَهْلُ النَّهْرَوَانِ وَ قَاتَلُوهُ.
Then the people of Haroura opposed him-asws upon that the Book of Allah-azwj and the Sunnah of His-azwj Prophet-saww would decide. If they had both decide with what was stipulated upon them, they would have decided that Ali-asws is Ami Al-Momineen in the Book of Allah-azwj upon the tongue of His-azwj Prophet-saww, and in his-saww Sunnah. The people of Al-Naharwan opposed him-asws and they fought against him-asws’’.[48]
48- أَقُولُ وَجَدْتُ أَيْضاً فِي كِتَابِ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، بِرِوَايَةِ ابْنِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي بَيْتِهِ وَ مَعَنَا جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ شِيعَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَحَدَّثَنَا فَكَانَ فِيمَا حَدَّثَنَا أَنْ قَالَ يَا إِخْوَتِي تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَوْمَ تُوُفِّيَ فَلَمْ يُوضَعْ فِي حُفْرَتِهِ حَتَّى نَكَثَ النَّاسُ وَ ارْتَدُّوا وَ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى الْخِلَافِ
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘I found as well in the book of Suleym Bin Qays, by a report of Ibn Abu Ayyash, from him who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abdullah Bin Abbas in his house, and with us was a group of Shias of Ali-asws. He narrated to us, and it was among what he narrated to us is that he said, ‘O my brothers! Rasool-Allah-saww passed away on the day he-saww passed away, and he-saww had not been placed in his-saww until the people broke (the pact), and they became apostates, and they united upon the opposition.
وَ اشْتَغَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ وَ تَكْفِينِهِ وَ تَحْنِيطِهِ وَ وَضَعَهُ فِي حُفْرَتِهِ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى تَأْلِيفِ الْقُرْآنِ وَ شَغَلَ عَنْهُمْ بِوَصِيَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ هِمَّتُهُ الْمُلْكَ لِمَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَخْبَرَهُ عَنِ الْقَوْمِ
And Ali-asws was pre-occupied with Rasool-Allah-saww until he-saww was free from washing him-saww, and enshrouding him-saww, and embalming him-saww, and placing him-saww in his-saww grave. Then he-asws turn to compiling the Quran, and was too pre-occupied from them with the bequest of Rasool-Allah-saww, and the kingdom did not happen to be his-asws concern due to what Rasool-Allah-saww had informed him-asws about the people.
فَافْتَتَنَ النَّاسُ بِالَّذِي افْتَتَنُوا بِهِ مِنَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ إِلَّا عَلِيٌّ ع وَ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ سَلْمَانُ فِي أُنَاسٍ مَعَهُمْ يَسِيرٍ
The people were tempted by that which they were tempted with from the two men (Abu Bakr and Umar), so there did not remain anyone except Ali-asws, and the Clan of Hashim-asws, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Salman-ra among a few people with them.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ يَا هَذَا إِنَّ النَّاسَ أَجْمَعِينَ قَدْ بَايَعُوكَ مَا خَلَا هَذَا الرَّجُلَ وَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ وَ هَؤُلَاءِ النَّفَرَ فَابْعَثْ إِلَيْهِ
Umar said to Abu Bakr, ‘O you! The people in their entirety have pledged allegiance to you, apart from this man-asws and his-asws family members, and those persons, so send a message to him-asws’.
فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنَ عَمٍّ لِعُمَرَ يُقَالُ لَهُ قُنْفُذٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا قُنْفُذُ انْطَلِقْ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فَقُلْ لَهُ أَجِبْ خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهُ فَانْطَلَقَ فَأَبْلَغَهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا كَذَبْتُمْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ ارْتَدَدْتُمْ وَ اللَّهِ مَا اسْتَخْلَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص غَيْرِي فَارْجِعْ يَا قُنْفُذُ فَإِنَّمَا أَنْتَ رَسُولٌ فَقُلْ لَهُ قَالَ لَكَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ اللَّهِ مَا اسْتَخْلَفَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ إِنَّكَ لَتَعْلَمُ مَنْ خَلِيفَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
He sent a cousin of Umar to him-asws called Qunfuz. He said to him, ‘O Qunfuz! Go to Ali-asws and say to him, ‘Answer to the caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww’. He went and delivered it. Ali-asws said, ‘How quickly you have lied upon Rasool-Allah-saww. You have become apostates, by Allah-azwj! Rasool-Allah-saww did not make a caliph apart from me-asws. So return, O Qunfuz, for you are a messenger, and say to him, ‘Ali-asws says to you: ‘By Allah-azwj! Rasool-Allah-saww did not make you a caliph, and you know well who the caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww is’’.
فَأَقْبَلَ قُنْفُذٌ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَبَلَّغَهُ الرِّسَالَةَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ صَدَقَ عَلِيٌّ مَا اسْتَخْلَفَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَغَضِبَ عُمَرُ وَ وَثَبَ وَ قَامَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ اجْلِسْ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِقُنْفُذٍ اذْهَبْ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْ لَهُ أَجِبْ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ
Qunfuz returned to Abu Bakr and delivered the message. Abu Bakr said, ‘Ali-asws speaks the truth. Rasool-Allah-saww did not make me a caliph’. Umar got angry and leapt and stood up. Abu Bakr said, ‘Sit down!’ Then he said to Qunfuz, ‘Go to him-asws and say to him-asws, ‘Answer to Amir Al-Momineen Abu Bakr’.
فَأَقْبَلَ قُنْفُذٌ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَأَبْلَغَهُ الرِّسَالَةَ فَقَالَ كَذَبَ وَ اللَّهِ انْطَلِقْ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْ لَهُ لَقَدْ تَسَمَّيْتَ بِاسْمٍ لَيْسَ لَكَ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ غَيْرُكَ
Qunfuz came back until he entered to see Ali-asws and delivered the message to him-asws. He-asws said: ‘He is lying, by Allah-azwj! Go to him and say to him, ‘You have named yourself with a name which isn’t for you, for you have known that Amir Al-Momineen is other than you’.
فَرَجَعَ قُنْفُذٌ فَأَخْبَرَهُمَا فَوَثَبَ عُمَرُ غَضْبَانَ فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَعَارِفٌ بِسَخْفِهِ وَ ضَعْفِ رَأْيِهِ وَ إِنَّهُ لَا يَسْتَقِيمُ لَنَا أَمْرٌ حَتَّى نَقْتُلَهُ فَخَلِّنِي آتِيكَ بِرَأْسِهِ
Qunfuz returned and informed them both. Umar leapt up in anger and said, ‘By Allah-azwj! I recognise his-asws absurdity and weakness of his-asws view, and he-asws cannot establish an order to us until we kill him-asws. Leave me, I will come to you with his-asws head!’
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ اجْلِسْ فَأَبَى فَأَقْسَمَ عَلَيْهِ فَجَلَسَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا قُنْفُذُ انْطَلِقْ فَقُلْ لَهُ أَجِبْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ
Abu Bakr said, ‘Sit down!’ But he refused’ He vowed upon him, then he sat down. Then he said, ‘O Qunfuz! Go, say to him-asws, ‘Answer to Abu Bakr’.
فَأَقْبَلَ قُنْفُذٌ فَقَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ أَجِبْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِنِّي لَفِي شُغُلٍ عَنْهُ وَ مَا كُنْتُ بِالَّذِي أَتْرُكُ وَصِيَّةَ خَلِيلِي وَ أَخِي وَ انْطَلِقْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ مَا اجْتَمَعْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْجَوْرِ
Qunfuz came and said, ‘O Ali-asws! Answer Abu Bakr’. Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws am too pre-occupied from him, and I-asws was not going to neglect a bequest of my-asws friend, and my-asws brother-saww, and go to Abu Bakr and what tyrannies they have gathered to him’.
فَانْطَلَقَ قُنْفُذٌ فَأَخْبَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَوَثَبَ عُمَرُ غَضْبَانَ فَنَادَى خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ وَ قُنْفُذاً فَأَمَرَهُمَا أَنْ يَحْمِلَا حَطَباً وَ نَاراً ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى بَابِ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ ع قَاعِدَةٌ خَلْفَ الْبَابِ قَدْ عَصَبَتْ رَأْسَهَا وَ نَحَلَ جِسْمُهَا فِي وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
Qunfuz went and informed Abu Bakr. Umar leapt up in anger and called Khalid Bin Al-Waleed and Qunfuz, and ordered them to carry firewood and fire. Then he came until he ended up at the door of Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws was seated behind the door. Her-asws head was bandaged and her-asws body had weakened due to the expiry of Rasool-Allah-saww.
فَأَقْبَلَ عُمَرُ حَتَّى ضَرَبَ الْبَابَ ثُمَّ نَادَى يَا ابْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ افْتَحِ الْبَابَ فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع يَا عُمَرُ مَا لَنَا وَ لَكَ لَا تَدَعُنَا وَ مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ
Umar came until he hit the door, then called out, ‘O son-asws of Abu Talib-asws! Open the door!’ (Syeda) Fatima-asws said: ‘O Umar! What have we to do with you, and you do not leave us-asws and what (grief) we-asws are in’.
قَالَ افْتَحِي الْبَابَ وَ إِلَّا أَحْرَقْنَا عَلَيْكُمْ فَقَالَتْ يَا عُمَرُ أَ مَا تَتَّقِي اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ تَدْخُلُ عَلَى بَيْتِي وَ تَهْجُمُ عَلَى دَارِي فَأَبَى أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ
He said, ‘Open the door or else I will burn it down upon you-asws all!’ She-asws said: ‘O Umar! Are you not fearing Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic? You will enter into my-asws house and storm into my-asws house?’ He refused to leave.
ثُمَّ عَادَ عُمَرُ بِالنَّارِ فَأَضْرَمَهَا فِي الْبَابِ فَأَحْرَقَ الْبَابَ ثُمَّ دَفَعَهُ عُمَرُ فَاسْتَقْبَلَتْهُ فَاطِمَةُ ع وَ صَاحَتْ يَا أَبَتَاهْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَرَفَعَ السَّيْفَ وَ هُوَ فِي غِمْدِهِ فَوَجَأَ بِهِ جَنْبَهَا فَصَرَخَتْ فَرَفَعَ السَّوْطَ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ ذِرَاعَهَا فَصَاحَتْ يَا أَبَتَاهْ
Then Umar returned with the fire and ignited it at the door and burnt down the door. Then Umar pushed it, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws faced him shouting: ‘O father-saww! O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ He raised the sword and it was in its sheath and pained her-asws side with it. She-asws cried out. He raised the whip and hit her-asws forearm with it. She-asws cried out: ‘O father-saww!’
فَوَثَبَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَأَخَذَ بَتَلَابِيبِ عُمَرَ ثُمَّ هَزَّهُ فَصَرَعَهُ وَ وَجَأَ أَنْفَهُ وَ رَقَبَتَهُ وَ هَمَّ بِقَتْلِهِ فَذُكِّرَ قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ مِنَ الصَّبْرِ وَ الطَّاعَةِ فَقَالَ وَ الَّذِي كَرَّمَ مُحَمَّداً ص بِالنُّبُوَّةِ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ لَوْ لا كِتابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَعَلِمْتَ أَنَّكَ لَا تَدْخُلُ بَيْتِي
Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws leapt up and grabbed the collar of Umar, then shook him and wrestled him (to the ground), and pained his nose, and his neck and thought of killing him. Then he-asws remember the words of Rasool-Allah-saww and what he-saww had bequeathed with, from the patience and the obedience. He-asws said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Honoured Muhammad-saww with the Prophet-hood! O Ibn Suhaak! Had there not been a preceding Book from Allah [8:68], and a pact vowed to me-asws by Rasool-Allah-saww, you would have known that you cannot enter my-asws house!’
فَأَرْسَلَ عُمَرُ يَسْتَغِيثُ فَأَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا الدَّارَ وَ سَلَّ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ السَّيْفَ لِيَضْرِبَ بِهِ عَلِيّاً ع فَحَمَلَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ بِسَيْفِهِ فَأَقْسَمَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ فَكَفَّ وَ أَقْبَلَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ سَلْمَانُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ عَمَّارٌ وَ بُرَيْدَةُ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا الدَّارَ أَعْوَاناً لِعَلِيٍّ ع حَتَّى كَادَتْ تَقَعُ فِتْنَةٌ
Umar sent for help and the people came until they entered the house, and Khalid Bin Al-Waleed unsheathed the sword in order to strike Ali-asws with it. Ali-asws attacked upon him with his-asws sword. He swore upon Ali-asws. He-asws refrained. And, Al-Miqdad-ra, and Salman-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Ammar, and Bureyda Al-Aslami came until they entered the house as supporters of Ali-asws until Fitna almost occurred.
فَأُخْرِجَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ تَبِعَهُ النَّاسُ وَ اتَّبَعَهُ سَلْمَانُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ عَمَّارٌ وَ بُرَيْدَةُ وَ هُمْ يَقُولُونَ مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا خُنْتُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَخْرَجْتُمُ الضَّغَائِنَ الَّتِي فِي صُدُورِكُمْ
Ali-asws went out, and the people followed him-asws, and Salman-ra and Abu Zarr-ra and Al-Miqdad-ra and Ammar-ra and Bureyda followed him-asws, and they were saying, ‘How quickly you have betrayed Rasool-Allah-saww and brought out the grudges which were in your chests!’
وَ قَالَ بُرَيْدَةُ بْنُ الْحَصِيبِ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ يَا عُمَرُ أَتَيْتَ عَلَى أَخِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ وَصِيِّهِ وَ عَلَى ابْنَتِهِ فَتَضْرِبُهَا وَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تَعْرِفُكَ قُرَيْشٌ بِمَا تَعْرِفُكَ بِهِ
And Bureyda Bin Al-Haseeb Al-Aslami said, ‘O Umar! You went to the brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww and his-saww successor-asws and his-saww daughter-asws and you hit her-asws, and you are the one whom the Quraysh recognise you with what they recognise you with!’
فَرَفَعَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ السَّيْفَ لِيَضْرِبَ بُرَيْدَةَ وَ هُوَ فِي غِمْدِهِ فَتَعَلَّقَ بِهِ عُمَرُ وَ مَنَعَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَانْتَهُوا بِعَلِيٍّ ع إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ مُلَبَّباً فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ بِهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ صَاحَ خَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُ
Khalid Bin Al-Waleed raised the sword in order to strike Bureyda, and it was in its sheath. Umar freed it and prevented him from that. They ended up with Ali-asws to Abu Bakr, tied up. When Abu Bakr looked at him-asws, he shouted, ‘Free his-asws way!’
فَقَالَ مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا تَوَثَّبْتُمْ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِأَيِّ حَقٍّ وَ بِأَيِّ مِيرَاثٍ وَ بِأَيِّ سَابِقَةٍ تَحُثُّ النَّاسَ إِلَى بَيْعَتِكَ أَ لَمْ تُبَايِعْنِي بِالْأَمْسِ بِأَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
He-asws said: ‘How quickly you have pounced upon People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww. O Abu Bakr! By which right, and by which inheritance, and by which precedence did you urge the people to your allegiance? Did you not pledge allegiance to me-asws yesterday by the orders of Rasool-Allah-saww?’
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ دَعْ هَذَا عَنْكَ يَا عَلِيُّ فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنْ لَمْ تُبَايِعْ لَنَقْتُلَنَّكَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِذاً وَ اللَّهِ أَكُونَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ وَ أَخَا رَسُولِهِ الْمَقْتُولَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْمَقْتُولُ فَنَعَمْ وَ أَمَّا أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَلَا
Umar said, ‘Leave this one from you, O Ali-asws. By Allah-azwj, If you-asws do not pledge allegiance, we will kill you-asws!’ Ali-asws said ‘Then, by Allah-azwj, I-asws would become the killed servant of Allah-azwj and brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww’. Umar said, ‘As for (you-asws being) the killed servant of Allah-azwj, so yes, and as for (you-asws being) the brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, so, no’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَا قَضَاءٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ وَ عَهْدٌ عَهِدَهُ إِلَيَّ خَلِيلِي لَسْتُ أَجُوزُهُ لَعَلِمْتَ أَيُّنَا أَضْعَفُ ناصِراً وَ أَقَلُّ عَدَداً
Ali-asws said: ‘But, by Allah-azwj! If the Decree from Allah-azwj had not preceded, and a pact my-asws friend-saww vowed to me-asws, I-asws would not allow it. You would have known which of us is with weaker helpers and fewer number [72:24]’.
وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ سَاكِتٌ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُ فَقَامَ بُرَيْدَةُ فَقَالَ يَا عُمَرُ أَ لَسْتُمَا اللَّذَيْنِ قَالَ لَكُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص انْطَلِقَا إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَسَلِّمَا عَلَيْهِ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقُلْتُمَا أَ عَنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ أَمْرِ رَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
And Abu Bakr was silent, not speaking. Bureyda stood up and said, ‘Aren’t you two those to whom Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Go to Ali-asws and greet unto him-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws’? So you two said, ‘Is it a Command from Allah-azwj and order of His-azwj Rasool-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَدْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ يَا بُرَيْدَةُ وَ لَكِنَّكَ غِبْتَ وَ شَهِدْنَا وَ الْأَمْرُ يَحْدُثُ بَعْدَهُ الْأَمْرُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ مَا أَنْتَ وَ هَذَا يَا بُرَيْدَةُ وَ مَا يُدْخِلُكَ فِي هَذَا قَالَ بُرَيْدَةُ وَ اللَّهِ لَا سَكَنْتُ فِي بَلْدَةٍ أَنْتُمْ فِيهَا أُمَرَاءُ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ عُمَرُ فَضُرِبَ وَ أُخْرِجَ
Abu Bakr said, ‘That has happened, O Bureyda, but you were absent and we witnessed, and the new matter occurred after the matter’. Umar said, ‘What is it to you and this, O Bureyda, and what makes you interfere in this?’ Bureyda said, ‘I will not dwell in a city you are rulers in it’. Umar ordered with him, and he was hit and thrown out.
ثُمَّ قَامَ سَلْمَانُ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ قُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الْمَجْلِسِ وَ دَعْهُ لِأَهْلِهِ يَأْكُلُوا بِهِ رَغَداً إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا يَخْتَلِفْ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ سَيْفَانِ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَأَعَادَ سَلْمَانُ فَقَالَ مِثْلَهَا
Then Salman-ra stood up and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Fear Allah-azwj and stand from this seat and leave it for its rightful one-asws, eating plentifully with it up to the Day of Qiyamah, no two swords would differing upon this community’. Abu Bakr did not answer, so Salman-ra repeated, saying similar to it.
فَانْتَهَرَهُ عُمَرُ وَ قَالَ مَا لَكَ وَ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ مَا يُدْخِلُكَ فِيمَا هَاهُنَا فَقَالَ مَهْلًا يَا عُمَرُ قُمْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَنْ هَذَا الْمَجْلِسِ وَ دَعْهُ لِأَهْلِهِ يَأْكُلُوا بِهِ وَ اللَّهِ خُضْراً إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ إِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ لَتَحْلَبُنَّ بِهِ دَماً وَ لَيَطْمَعَنَّ فِيهَا الطُّلَقَاءُ وَ الطُّرَدَاءُ وَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ
Umar snubbed him and said, ‘What is it for you-ra and this matter, and what makes you-ra interfere in this over here?’ He-ra said, ‘No, O Umar! Stand up, O Abu Bakr, from this seat and leave it for its rightful ones-asws, eating by it, by Allah-azwj, up to the Day of Qiyamah, and if you refuse, you will milk blood with it, and the freed ones would covet regarding it, and the expelled ones, and the hypocrites.
وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنِّي أَدْفَعُ ضَيْماً أَوْ أُعِزُّ لِلَّهِ دِيناً لَوَضَعْتُ سَيْفِي عَلَى عُنُقِي ثُمَّ ضَرَبْتُ بِهِ قُدُماً أَ تَثِبُونَ عَلَى وَصِيِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهُ فَأَبْشِرُوا بِالْبَلَاءِ وَ اقْنَطُوا مِنَ الرَّخَاءِ
By Allah-azwj! If I-ra know I-ra would repel a wrong or honour the Religion for Allah-azwj, I-ra would place my-ra sword upon my-ra neck, then strike with it ahead. Are you pouncing upon the successor-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww? Receive news of the afflictions, and termination from the hope’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ عَمَّارٌ فَقَالُوا لِعَلِيٍّ ع مَا تَأْمُرُ وَ اللَّهِ إِنْ أَمَرْتَنَا لَنَضْرِبَنَّ بِالسَّيْفِ حَتَّى نُقْتَلَ
Then Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra and Ammar stood up and said to Ali-asws, ‘What are you-asws orders? By Allah-azwj! If you-asws were to order us, we will strike with the sword until we are killed’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع كُفُّوا رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ اذْكُرُوا عَهْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ مَا أَوْصَاكُمْ بِهِ فَكَفُّوا
Ali-asws said: ‘Refrain, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, and remember the pact of Rasool-Allah-saww and what he-saww has bequeathed you with’. So, they refrained.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ فَوْقَ الْمِنْبَرِ مَا يُجْلِسُكَ فَوْقَ الْمِنْبَرِ وَ هَذَا جَالِسٌ مُحَارِبٌ لَا يَقُومُ فَيُبَايِعَكَ أَ وَ تَأْمُرُ بِهِ فَنَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ
Umar said to Abu Bakr, and he was seated at the top of the pulpit, ‘What makes you sit at the top of the pulpit and this seated fighter is not standing and pledging allegiance to you? Or, will you order with him-asws, and we will strike off his-asws neck?’
وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع قَائِمَانِ عَلَى رَأْسِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَلَمَّا سَمِعَا مَقَالَةَ عُمَرَ بَكَيَا وَ رَفَعَا أَصْوَاتَهُمَا يَا جَدَّاهْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهُ فَضَمَّهُمَا عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَى صَدْرِهِ وَ قَالَ لَا تَبْكِيَا فَوَ اللَّهِ لَا يَقْدِرَانِ عَلَى قَتْلِ أَبِيكُمَا هُمَا أَذَلُّ وَ أَدْخَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
And Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws were standing by the head of Ali-asws. When they-asws heard the words of Umar, they-asws cried and raised their-asws voices: ‘O grandfather-saww! O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ Ali-asws hugged them-asws to his-asws chest and said: ‘Do not cry. By Allah-azwj! They are not able upon killing your-asws father-asws. They are both disgraceful and weak from that’.
وَ أَقْبَلَتْ أُمُّ أَيْمَنَ النُّوبِيَّةُ حَاضِنَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَتَا يَا عَتِيقُ مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا أَبْدَيْتُمْ حَسَدَكُمْ لِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمَا عُمَرُ أَنْ تُخْرَجَا مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ وَ قَالَ مَا لَنَا وَ لِلنِّسَاءِ
And Umm Ayman-ra, the special Nubian nurse-maid, and Umm Salama-ra came and said, ‘O Ateeq! How quickly you began your envy towards Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww’. Umar ordered with them and they were expelled from the Masjid, and he said, ‘What have we to do with the women?’
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ قُمْ بَايِعْ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِنْ لَمْ أَفْعَلْ قَالَ إِذاً وَ اللَّهِ نَضْرِبَ عُنُقَكَ قَالَ كَذَبْتَ وَ اللَّهِ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ لَا تَقْدِرُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَنْتَ أَلْأَمُ وَ أَضْعَفُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
Then he said, ‘O Ali-asws! Stand and pledge allegiance!’ Ali-asws said: ‘If I-asws I do not do so?’ He said, ‘Then, by Allah-azwj, we will strike off your-asws neck’. He-asws said: ‘You are lying, by Allah-azwj, O Ibn Suhaak! You are unable upon that. You are lower and weaker than that’.
فَوَثَبَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَ اخْتَرَطَ سَيْفَهُ وَ قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ لَأَقْتُلَنَّكَ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ أَخَذَ بِمَجَامِعِ ثَوْبِهِ ثُمَّ دَفَعَهُ حَتَّى أَلْقَاهُ عَلَى قَفَاهُ وَ وَقَعَ السَّيْفُ مِنْ يَدِهِ
Khalid Bin Al-Waleed leapt up and grabbed his sword and said, ‘By Allah-azwj! If you-asws do not do it, we will kill you-asws!’ Ali-asws stood up to him and grabbed the generality of his clothes, then pushed him until he-asws threw him upon his hand, and the sword fell from his hand.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ قُمْ يَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَبَايِعْ قَالَ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَفْعَلْ قَالَ إِذَنْ وَ اللَّهِ نَقْتُلَكَ وَ احْتَجَّ عَلَيْهِمْ عَلِيٌّ ع ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ مَدَّ يَدَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَفْتَحَ كَفَّهُ فَضَرَبَ عَلَيْهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ رَضِيَ بِذَلِكَ ثُمَّ تَوَجَّهَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ وَ تَبِعَهُ النَّاسُ
Umar said, ‘Stand, O Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and pledge allegiance!’ He-asws said: ‘Supposing I-asws do not do it?’ He said, ‘Then, by Allah-azwj, we will kill you-asws’. And Ali-asws argued against him three times, then extended his-asws hand from without opening his-asws palm, and Abu Bakr hit upon it and was pleased with that, then he-asws headed to his-asws house, and the people followed.
قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ع بَلَغَهَا أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَبَضَ فَدَكاً فَخَرَجَتْ فِي نِسَاءِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ حَتَّى دَخَلَتْ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالَتْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ مِنِّي أَرْضاً جَعَلَهَا لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ تَصَدَّقَ بِهَا عَلَيَّ مِنَ الْوَجِيفِ الَّذِي لَمْ يُوجِفِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ بِ خَيْلٍ وَ لا رِكابٍ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then it reached (Syeda) Fatima-asws that Abu Bakr had seized (the estate of) Fadak. She-asws came out among womenfolk of the Clan of Hashim-asws until she-asws entered to see Abu Bakr, and she-asws said: ‘O Abu Bakr! You want to seize a land from me-asws which Rasool-Allah-saww had made it to be for me-asws, and the distinguished ones had testified with it upon me-asws, that it is which the Muslims did not make an expedition upon it, neither by horses nor camels, [59:6].
أَ مَا كَانَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْمَرْءُ يُحْفَظُ فِي وُلْدِهِ وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهُ ص لَمْ يَتْرُكْ لِوُلْدِهِ شَيْئاً غَيْرَهَا
Had not Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The person is preserved in his children?’ And you have known that he-saww did not leave anything for his-saww children other than it’.
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَقَالَتَهَا وَ النِّسْوَةُ مَعَهَا دَعَا بِدَوَاةٍ لِيَكْتُبَ بِهِ لَهَا فَدَخَلَ عُمَرُ فَقَالَ يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَا تَكْتُبْ لَهَا حَتَّى تُقِيمَ الْبَيِّنَةَ بِمَا تَدَّعِي
When Abu Bakr heard her-asws words, and the womenfolk were with her-asws, he called for the ink in order to write it for her-asws. But, Umar entered and said, ‘O caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww! Do not write it for her-asws until she-asws establishes the proof with what she-asws is claiming’.
فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع نَعَمْ أُقِيمُ الْبَيِّنَةَ قَالَ مَنْ قَالَتْ عَلِيٌّ وَ أُمُّ أَيْمَنَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَ لَا تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَةُ امْرَأَةٍ أَعْجَمِيَّةٍ لَا تُفْصِحُ وَ أَمَّا عَلِيٌّ فَيَجُرُّ النَّارَ إِلَى قُرْصَتِهِ
(Syeda) Fatima-asws said, ‘Yes, I-asws shall establish the proof’. He said, ‘Who?’ She-asws said: ‘Ali-asws and Umm Ayman-ra’. Umar said, ‘And a testimony is not acceptable from a non-Arab woman, not eloquent. And as for Ali-asws, the fire flows to his-asws fingers’.
فَرَجَعَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع وَ قَدْ دَخَلَهَا مِنَ الْغَيْظِ مَا لَا يُوصَفُ فَمَرِضَتْ وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يُصَلِّي فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى قَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ كَيْفَ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِلَى أَنْ ثَقُلَتْ فَسَأَلَا عَنْهَا وَ قَالا قَدْ كَانَ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهَا مَا قَدْ عَلِمْتَ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تَأْذَنَ لَنَا لِنَعْتَذِرَ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ ذَنْبِنَا
(Syeda) Fatima-asws returned, and such anger had entered into her-asws which cannot be described. She-asws fell ill, and Ali-asws used to pray Salat in the Masjid, the five (daily) Salats. Whenever he-asws prayed Salat, Abu Bakr and Umar would say to him-asws, ‘How is the daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww?’ – until he-asws was bereaved, they would ask about her-asws, and said: ‘And it has happened between us and her-asws what you have known, so if you-asws see fit, then seek permission for us, so we can present our excuse to her-asws from our sin’.
قَالَ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْكُمَا فَقَامَا فَجَلَسَا بِالْبَابِ وَ دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ ع عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ ع فَقَالَ لَهَا أَيَّتُهَا الْحُرَّةُ فُلَانٌ وَ فُلَانٌ بِالْبَابِ يُرِيدَانِ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَا عَلَيْكِ فَمَا تَرَيْنَ قَالَتْ الْبَيْتُ بَيْتُكَ وَ الْحُرَّةُ زَوْجَتُكَ افْعَلْ مَا تَشَاءُ
He-asws said: ‘That is up to you two’. They stayed seated at the door, and Ali-asws entered to see (Syeda) Fatima-asws. He-asws said to her-asws: ‘O you-asws free one! So and so, and so and so are at the door wanting to greet unto you-asws. What is your-asws view?’ She-asws said: ‘The house is your house, and the free one is your-asws wife. Do what you-asws want’.
فَقَالَ سُدِّي قِنَاعَكِ فَسَدَّتْ قِنَاعَهَا وَ حَوَّلَتْ وَجْهَهَا إِلَى الْحَائِطِ فَدَخَلَا وَ سَلَّمَا وَ قَالا ارْضَيْ عَنَّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْكِ فَقَالَتْ مَا دَعَاكُمَا إِلَى هَذَا فَقَالا اعْتَرَفْنَا بِالْإِسَاءَةِ وَ رَجَوْنَا أَنْ تَعْفِي عَنَّا وَ تُخْرِجِي سَخِيمَتَكِ
He-asws said: ‘Cover (with) your-asws veil’. She-asws covered (with) her-asws veil and turned around towards the wall, and they greeted and said, ‘Be pleased from us, may Allah-azwj be Pleased from you-asws’. She-asws said: ‘What called you both to (be doing) this?’ They said, ‘We acknowledge with the evil and we hope that you-asws will pardon us, and throw out your-asws anger’.
فَقَالَتْ إِنْ كُنْتُمَا صَادِقَيْنِ فَأَخْبِرَانِي عَمَّا أَسْأَلُكُمَا عَنْهُ فَإِنِّي لَا أَسْأَلُكُمَا عَنْ أَمْرٍ إِلَّا أَنَا عَارِفَةٌ بِأَنَّكُمَا تَعْلَمَانِهِ فَإِنْ صَدَقْتُمَا عَلِمْتُ أَنَّكُمَا صَادِقَانِ فِي مَجِيئِكُمَا قَالا سَلِي عَمَّا بَدَا لَكِ
She-asws said, ‘If you two were truthful, then inform me what I-asws ask you about, for I-asws will not ask you about any matter except I-asws recognise that you both know of it. If you two speak the truth, I-asws would know that you are both truthful in your decision’. They said, ‘Ask about whatever comes to you-asws’.
قَالَتْ نَشَدْتُكُمَا بِاللَّهِ هَلْ سَمِعْتُمَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ فَاطِمَةُ بَضْعَةٌ مِنِّي فَمَنْ آذَاهَا فَقَدْ آذَانِي قَالا نَعَمْ
She-asws said: ‘We-asws adjure you both with Allah-azwj, did you hear Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Fatima-asws is a part from me-saww, so the one who hurts her-asws so he has hurt me-asws?’ They said, ‘Yes’.
فَرَفَعَتْ يَدَهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَتْ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمَا قَدْ آذَيَانِي فَأَنَا أَشْكُوهُمَا إِلَيْكَ وَ إِلَى رَسُولِكَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَرْضَى عَنْكُمَا أَبَداً حَتَّى أَلْقَى أَبِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَأُخْبِرَهُ بِمَا صَنَعْتُمَا فَيَكُونَ هُوَ الْحَاكِمَ فِيكُمَا
She-asws raised her-asws hands towards the sky and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! These two have hurt me-asws, and I-asws complain to you-asws of them to Your-azwj Rasool-saww!’ No, by Allah-azwj! I-asws will not be pleased with them, ever, until I-asws meet my-asws father-saww Rasool-Allah-saww and inform him-saww with what you two have done, and he would be the judge regarding you two’.
قَالَ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ دَعَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِالْوَيْلِ وَ الثُّبُورِ وَ جَزِعَ جَزَعاً شَدِيداً فَقَالَ عُمَرُ تَجْزَعُ يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مِنْ قَوْلِ امْرَأَةٍ
He (the narrator) said, ‘During that Abu Bakr called for the woe and the destruction, and was alarmed with severe alarm. Umar said, ‘You are panicking, O caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww, from the words of a woman?’
قَالَ فَبَقِيَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ أَبِيهَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً فَلَمَّا اشْتَدَّ بِهَا الْأَمْرُ دَعَتْ عَلِيّاً ع وَ قَالَتْ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ مَا أَرَانِي إِلَّا لِمَا بِي وَ أَنَا أُوصِيكَ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ أُمَامَةَ بِنْتَ أُخْتِي زَيْنَبَ تَكُونُ لِوُلْدِي مِثْلِي وَ اتَّخِذْ لِي نَعْشاً فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ يَصِفُونَهُ لِي وَ أَنْ لَا تُشْهِدَ أَحَداً مِنْ أَعْدَاءِ اللَّهِ جِنَازَتِي وَ لَا دَفْنِي وَ لَا الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيَّ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Fatima-asws remained after the expiry of Rasool-Allah-saww, for forty nights. When the matter intensified with her-asws, she-asws called Ali-asws and said: ‘O son-asws of uncle-as! I-asws cannot see except what is with me-asws, and I-asws hereby bequeath to you-asws that you will marry Umama daughter of my-asws sister Zainab-as, so she would become for my-asws children like me-asws, and take a casket for me-asws, for I-asws see the Angels forming rows for me-asws, and that you-asws will not let anyone from the enemies of Allah-azwj to attend my-asws funeral, nor my-asws burial, nor the Salat upon me-asws’.
قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَشْيَاءُ لَمْ أَجِدْ إِلَى تَرْكِهِنَّ سَبِيلًا لِأَنَّ الْقُرْآنَ بِهَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَى قَلْبِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص قِتَالُ النَّاكِثِينَ وَ الْقَاسِطِينَ وَ الْمَارِقِينَ الَّذِي أَوْصَانِي وَ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ خَلِيلِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِقِتَالِهِمْ وَ تَزْوِيجُ أُمَامَةَ بِنْتِ زَيْنَبَ أَوْصَتْنِي بِهَا فَاطِمَةُ ع
Ibn Abbas said, ‘And it is the word of Amir Al-Momineen-asws: ‘There are things I-asws cannot find a way to neglecting these, because the Quran was Revealed with these, descending upon the heart of Muhammad-saww – fighting against the breakers (of the Covenant), and the renegades, and the deviants, those my-asws friend Rasool-Allah-saww bequeathed to me and vowed to me-asws; and marrying Umama daughter of Zainab-as whom Fatima-asws had bequeathed me-asws with’’.
قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَقُبِضَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع مِنْ يَوْمِهَا فَارْتَجَّتِ الْمَدِينَةُ بِالْبُكَاءِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ وَ دَهِشَ النَّاسُ كَيَوْمٍ قُبِضَ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص
Ibn Abbas said, ‘ (Syeda) Fatima-asws passed away on that very day, and Al-Medina trembled with the wailing from the men and the women, and the people were staggered like the day in which Rasool-Allah-saww passed away.
فَأَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ يُعَزِّيَانِ عَلِيّاً ع وَ يَقُولَانِ لَهُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ لَا تَسْبِقْنَا بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى ابْنَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
Abu Bakr and Umar came to console Ali-asws and they said to him-asws, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! Do not precede us with the Salat upon the daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي اللَّيْلِ دَعَا عَلِيٌّ الْعَبَّاسَ وَ الْفَضْلَ وَ الْمِقْدَادَ وَ سَلْمَانَ وَ أَبَا ذَرٍّ وَ عَمَّاراً فَقَدَّمَ الْعَبَّاسَ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا وَ دَفَنُوهَا فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ النَّاسُ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ النَّاسُ يُرِيدُونَ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ ع فَقَالَ الْمِقْدَادُ قَدْ دَفَنَّا فَاطِمَةَ الْبَارِحَةَ
When it was during the night, Ali-asws called Al-Abbas, and Al-Fazl, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Salman-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Ammar. Al-Abbas proceeded to pray Salat upon her-asws and her-asws burial (behind Ali -asws). When the people woke up in the morning, Abu Bakr and Umar and the people came intending the Salat upon (Syeda) Fatima-asws. Al-Miqdad-ra said, ‘She-asws has already been buried last night’.
فَالْتَفَتَ عُمَرُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ لَمْ أَقُلْ لَكَ إِنَّهُمْ سَيَفْعَلُونَ قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ إِنَّهَا أَوْصَتْ أَنْ لَا تُصَلِّيَا عَلَيْهَا
Umar turned towards Abu Bakr and said, ‘Did I not say to you they would be doing so?’ Al-Abbas said, ‘She-asws had bequeathed that you two should not pray Salat upon her-asws.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا تَتْرُكُونَ يَا بَنِي هَاشِمٍ حَسَدَكُمُ الْقَدِيمَ لَنَا أَبَداً إِنَّ هَذِهِ الضَّغَائِنَ الَّتِي فِي صُدُورِكُمْ لَنْ تَذْهَبَ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَنْبُشَهَا فَأُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهَا
Umar said, ‘O Clan of Hashim-asws! You will not leave your jealousy towards us, ever. Surely, these are grudges which are in your chests will never go away. By Allah-azwj! I am thinking of exhuming her-asws and praying Salat upon her-asws’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ رُمْتَ ذَاكَ يَا ابْنَ صُهَاكَ لَا رَجَعَتْ إِلَيْكَ يَمِينُكَ لَئِنْ سَلَلْتُ سَيْفِي لَا غَمَدْتُهُ دُونَ إِزْهَاقِ نَفْسِكَ فَرُمْ ذَلِكَ فَانْكَسَرَ عُمَرُ وَ سَكَتَ وَ عَلِمَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع إِذَا حَلَفَ صَدَقَ
Ali-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! If you were to do that, O Ibn Suhaak, your right hand will not return to you-asws (cut it off) if I-asws were to unsheathe my-asws sword, besides taking your breath away (killing you), so (try) doing that!’ Umar was broken and was silent, and he knew that when Ali-asws swears an oath, he-asws is true to it.
ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا عُمَرُ أَ لَسْتَ الَّذِي هَمَّ بِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ فَجِئْتُ مُتَقَلِّداً بِسَيْفِي ثُمَّ أَقْبَلْتُ نَحْوَكَ لِأَقْتُلَكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَلا تَعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّما نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدًّا
Then Ali-asws said, ‘O Umar! Aren’t you the one Rasool-Allah-saww thought of killing you and sent a message to me-asws, collared with my-asws swords, then I-asws came around you to kill you, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: Therefore, do not be hasty against them, but rather We only Number out a number to them [19:84]’’.
قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ تَآمَرُوا وَ تَذَاكَرُوا فَقَالُوا لَا يَسْتَقِيمُ لَنَا أَمْرٌ مَا دَامَ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ حَيّاً فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَنْ لَنَا بِقَتْلِهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَأَرْسَلَا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالا يَا خَالِدُ مَا رَأْيُكَ فِي أَمْرٍ نَحْمِلُكَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ احْمِلَانِي عَلَى مَا شِئْتُمَا فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنْ حَمَلْتُمَانِي عَلَى قَتْلِ ابْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ لَفَعَلْتُ
Ibn Abbas said, ‘Then they conspired and discussed, and they said, ‘The command will not be straight for us for as long as this man-asws is alive’. Abu Bakr said, ‘Who is for us with killing him-asws?’ Umar said, ‘Khalid Bin Al-Waleed’. They went to him and said, ‘O Khalid! What is your view regarding a matter we are to assign you upon it?’ He said, ‘You can assign me upon whatever you so desired to, for by Allah-azwj, even if you were to assign me upon killing the son-asws of Abu Talib-asws, I would do so’.
فَقَالا وَ اللَّهِ مَا نُرِيدُ غَيْرَهُ قَالَ فَإِنِّي لَهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِذَا قُمْتُمَا فِي الصَّلَاةِ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ فَقُمْ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ وَ مَعَكَ السَّيْفُ فَإِذَا سَلَّمْتُ فَاضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَافْتَرَقُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ
They said, ‘By Allah-azwj! We do not want other than it!’ He said, ‘Then I am for it’. Abu Bakr said, ‘When you stand during the Salat, Salat Al-Fajr, then stand to his-asws side and the sword should be with you. So, when you have greeted (Salaam), then strike off his-asws neck’. He said, ‘Yes’. The dispersed (having agreed) upon that.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ تَفَكَّرَ فِيمَا أَمَرَ بِهِ مِنْ قَتْلِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ عَرَفَ إِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ وَقَعَتْ حُرُوبٌ شَدِيدَةٌ وَ بَلَاءٌ طَوِيلٌ فَنَدِمَ عَلَى مَا أَمَرَ بِهِ فَلَمْ يَنَمْ لَيْلَتَهُ تِلْكَ حَتَّى أَتَى الْمَسْجِدَ وَ قَدْ أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَتَقَدَّمَ وَ صَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ مُفَكِّراً لَا يَدْرِي مَا يَقُولُ
Then Abu Bakr thought regarding what he had ordered him with, of killing Ali-asws, and he realised that if he were to do that, severe wars would break out and prolonged calamities, so he regretted upon what he had ordered with. That night of his wasn’t complete until he went to the Masjid, and the Salat had been established. So, he proceeded and prayed Salat (leading) the people, thoughtful, not knowing what he should be saying.
وَ أَقْبَلَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ مُتَقَلِّداً بِالسَّيْفِ حَتَّى قَامَ إِلَى جَانِبِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ قَدْ فَطَنَ عَلِيٌّ ع بِبَعْضِ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مِنْ تَشَهُّدِهِ صَاحَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ يَا خَالِدُ لَا تَفْعَلْ مَا أَمَرْتُكَ فَإِنْ فَعَلْتَ قَتَلْتُكَ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ شِمَالِهِ
And Khalid Bin Al-Waleed came collared with the sword until he stood to the side of Ali-asws, and Ali-asws had discerned part of that. When Abu Bakr was free from his Tashahhud (testimonies), he shouted before he greeted (Salaam), ‘O Khalid! Do not do what I had instructed you with, for if you were to do so, I will kill you!’ Then he greeted on his right and his left.
فَوَثَبَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَأَخَذَ بَتَلَابِيبِ خَالِدٍ وَ انْتَزَعَ السَّيْفَ مِنْ يَدِهِ ثُمَّ صَرَعَهُ وَ جَلَسَ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ وَ أَخَذَ سَيْفَهُ لِيَقْتُلَهُ وَ اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ أَهْلُ الْمَسْجِدِ لِيُخَلِّصُوا خَالِداً فَمَا قَدَرُوا عَلَيْهِ
Ali-asws leapt and seized the collar of Khalid and snatched away the sword from his hand, then wrestled him to the ground and sat upon his chest, and grabbed his-asws sword in order to kill him; and the people of the Masjid gathered to him-asws in order to finish Khalid off from it, but they were not able upon it.
فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ حَلِّفُوهُ بِحَقِّ الْقَبْرِ لَمَّا كَفَفْتَ فَحَلَّفُوهُ بِالْقَبْرِ فَتَرَكُوهُ فَتَرَكَهُ وَ قَامَ فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ وَ جَاءَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَ الْعَبَّاسُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَ اخْتَرَطُوا السُّيُوفَ وَ قَالُوا وَ اللَّهِ لَا يَنْتَهُونَ حَتَّى يَتَكَلَّمَ وَ يَفْعَلَ
Al-Abbas said, ‘Oath him-asws by the right of the grave (of Rasool-Allah-saww) to restrain!’ They pleaded to him-asws with the grave and he-asws left him, and he separated from him-asws, and he-asws stood up and went to his-asws house; and Al-Zubeyr, and Al-Abbas, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and the Clan of Hashim-asws came and they unsheathed the sword, and they said, ‘By Allah-azwj! We will not end until he-asws speaks and does!’
وَ اخْتَلَفَ النَّاسُ وَ مَاجُوا وَ اضْطَرَبُوا وَ خَرَجَتْ نِسْوَةُ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَصَرَخْنَ وَ قُلْنَ يَا أَعْدَاءَ اللَّهِ مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا أَبْدَيْتُمُ الْعَدَاوَةَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ لَطَالَ مَا أَرَدْتُمْ هَذَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
And the people differed, and they were turbulent and were disturbed, and the womenfolk of the Clan of Hashim-asws came out shouting and were saying, ‘O enemies of Allah-azwj! How quickly you began the enmity to Rasool-Allah-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household, and for long you have been wanting this from Rasool-Allah-saww!
فَلَمْ تَقْدِرُوا عَلَيْهِ فَقَتَلْتُمُ ابْنَتَهُ بِالْأَمْسِ ثُمَّ تُرِيدُونَ الْيَوْمَ أَنْ تَقْتُلُوا أَخَاهُ وَ ابْنَ عَمِّهِ وَ وَصِيَّهُ وَ أَبَا وُلْدِهِ كَذَبْتُمْ وَ رَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ وَ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَصِلُونَ إِلَى قَتْلِهِ حَتَّى تَخَوَّفَ النَّاسُ أَنْ تَقَعَ فِتْنَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ.
But you were not able upon him-saww but you killed his-saww daughter-asws yesterday, then today you wanted to kill his-asws brother-asws, and son-asws of his-saww uncle-as, and his-saww successor-asws, and father-asws of his-saww children. You are lying, by Lord-azwj of the Kabah, and you will not be arriving to killing him-asws!’ – until the people were frightened that major Fitna would occur’’.[49]
49- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ: جَاءَ الْعَبَّاسُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ انْطَلِقْ نُبَايِعْ لَكَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَ تَرَاهُمْ فَاعِلِينَ قَالَ نَعَمْ
Tafseer Al Qummi – My father, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzeyl,
‘Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘Al-Abbas came to Amir Al-Momineen-asws and said, ‘let us go and get the people to pledge allegiance to you-asws’. Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Do you see them doing it?’ He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَأَيْنَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى الم أَ حَسِبَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يُتْرَكُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا آمَنَّا وَ هُمْ لا يُفْتَنُونَ وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا وَ لَيَعْلَمَنَّ الْكاذِبِينَ.
He-asws said: ‘So where are the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: Alif Lam Meem [29:1] Do the people reckon that they will be left alone on saying, ‘We believe’, and they will not be Tried? [29:2] And We have Tested those from before them. So Allah will Make known those who are truthful and He will Make known the liars [29:3]?’’[50]
50- أَقُولُ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْمَسْعُودِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ الْوَصِيَّةِ، قَامَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَلَا وَ عُمُرُهُ خَمْسٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ سَنَةً وَ اتَّبَعَهُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَ قَعَدَ عَنْهُ الْمُنَافِقُونَ وَ نَصَبُوا لِلْمُلْكِ وَ أَمْرِ الدُّنْيَا رَجُلًا اخْتَارُوهُ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ دُونَ مَنِ اخْتَارَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Masoudi said in the book ‘Al Wasiya’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws stood with the Commands of Allah-azwj Majestic and Lofty, and his-asws age was of thirty-five years, and the Momineen followed him-asws, and the hypocrites sat back from him-asws, and they installed for the kingdom and matters of the world, a man they had chosen for themselves, besides the one-asws whom Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and Rasool-Allah-saww had chosen’’.
فَرَوَى أَنَّ الْعَبَّاسَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ صَارَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ قَدْ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ لَهُ امْدُدْ يَدَكَ أُبَايِعْكَ فَقَالَ وَ مَنْ يَطْلُبُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ وَ مَنْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ غَيْرُنَا وَ صَارَ إِلَيْهِ نَاسٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْهُمُ الزُّبَيْرُ وَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ صَخْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ فَأَبَى
It is reported that Al-Abbas came to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and Rasool-Allah-saww had passed away. He said to him-asws, ‘Extend your hand, I shall pledge allegiance to you-asws’. He-asws said: ‘And who can seek this command and who is correct for it apart from us?’ And some people from the Muslims came to him-asws, from them were Al-Zubeyr, and Abu Sufyan Sakhr Bin Harbm but he-asws refused.
وَ اخْتَلَفَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَ الْأَنْصَارُ فَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَقَالَ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ سَمِعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ الْخِلَافَةُ فِي قُرَيْشٍ فَسَلَّمَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ لِقُرَيْشٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ دَاسُوا سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ وَ وَطِئُوا بَطْنَهُ
And the Emigrants and the Helpers differed. The Helpers said, ‘There should be a ruler from us and a ruler from you’. A group from the Emigrants said, ‘We heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘The caliphate would be among Quraysh’. So the Helpers submitted to Quraysh after they had trampled Sa’ad Bin Ubada and trodden upon his belly.
وَ بَايَعَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ صَفَقَ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ بَايَعَهُ قَوْمُهُ مِمَّنْ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتَ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ وَ الْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَ تَابَعَهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ غَيْرُهُمْ.
And Umar Bin Al-Khattab pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr and clapped his hands. Then his people, from the ones who had arrived at Al-Medina at that time, from the Bedouins and the inclined of hearts, pledged allegiance to him, and others followed them upon that.
وَ اتَّصَلَ الْخَبَرُ بِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بَعْدَ فَرَاغِهِ مِنْ غُسْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ تَحْنِيطِهِ وَ تَكْفِينِهِ وَ تَجْهِيزِهِ وَ دَفْنِهِ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ مَعَ مَنْ حَضَرَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَ قَوْمٍ مِنْ صَحَابَتِهِ مِثْلِ سَلْمَانَ وَ أَبِي ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادِ وَ عَمَّارٍ وَ حُذَيْفَةَ وَ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ وَ جَمَاعَةٍ نَحْوَ أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلًا
And the news arrived to Amir Al-Momineen-asws after his-asws being free from washing Rasool-Allah-saww, and embalming him-saww, and enshrouding him-saww, and preparing him-asws, and burying him-saww after the Salat upon him, along with the ones present from the Clan of Hashim-asws, and a group of his-asws companions, like Salman-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Ammar-ra, and Huzeyfa, and Ubay Bin Ka’ab, and a group of around forty men.
فَقَامَ خَطِيباً فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَتِ الْإِمَامَةُ فِي قُرَيْشٍ فَأَنَا أَحَقُّ قُرَيْشٍ بِهَا وَ إِنْ لَا تَكُنْ فِي قُرَيْشٍ فَالْأَنْصَارُ عَلَى دَعْوَاهُمْ ثُمَّ اعْتَزَلَهُمْ وَ دَخَلَ بَيْتَهُ
He-asws stood addressing. He-asws praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, then said: ‘If the Imamate was to be among Quraysh, then I-asws am most rightful of the Quraysh with it, and if it cannot happen to be among Quraysh, then the Helpers are upon their claim’. Then he-asws left them and entered his-asws house.
فَأَقَامَ فِيهِمْ وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ لِي فِي خَمْسَةٍ مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ أُسْوَةً نُوحٍ إِذْ قَالَ أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ فَانْتَصِرْ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِذْ قَالَ وَ أَعْتَزِلُكُمْ وَ ما تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَ لُوطٍ إِذْ قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ لِي بِكُمْ قُوَّةً أَوْ آوِي إِلى رُكْنٍ شَدِيدٍ وَ مُوسَى إِذْ قَالَ فَفَرَرْتُ مِنْكُمْ لَمَّا خِفْتُكُمْ وَ هَارُونَ إِذْ قَالَ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَ كادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي
He-asws stood among them, and the ones from the Muslims who followed him-asws from the Muslims and said, ‘There are five examples for me-asws from five of the Prophets-as – Noah-as when he-as said: ‘‘I am overcome, so Help!’ [54:10]; and Ibrahim-as when he-as said: And I will withdraw from you and what you call on besides Allah, [19:48]; and Lut-as when he-as said: ‘‘If only there was strength for me against you, or a recourse to a strong support’ [11:80]; and Musa-as when he-as said: So I fled from you when I feared you. [26:21]; and Haroun-as when he-as said: ‘Son of my mother! Surely the people weakened me and they almost killed me, [7:150]’.
ثُمَّ أَلَّفَ ع الْقُرْآنَ وَ خَرَجَ إِلَى النَّاسِ وَ قَدْ حَمَلَهُ فِي إِزَارٍ مَعَهُ وَ هُوَ يَئِطُّ مِنْ تَحْتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ هَذَا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ قَدْ أَلَّفْتُهُ كَمَا أَمَرَنِي وَ أَوْصَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَمَا أُنْزِلَ
Then Ali-asws compiled the Quran and came out to the people, and he-asws had carried it in a cloth with him-asws, and it was weighing down from under him-asws. He-asws said to them: ‘This is the Book of Allah-azwj. I-asws have compiled it just as Rasool-Allah-saww had instructed me-asws and bequeathed me-asws, just as it had been Revealed’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ اتْرُكْهُ وَ امْضِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ لَكُمْ إِنِّي مُخَلِّفٌ فِيكُمُ الثَّقَلَيْنِ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَ عِتْرَتِي لَنْ يَفْتَرِقَا حَتَّى يَرِدَا عَلَيَّ الْحَوْضَ فَإِنْ قَبِلْتُمُوهُ فَاقْبَلُونِي مَعَهُ أَحْكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ بِمَا فِيهِ مِنْ أَحْكَامِ اللَّهِ
One of them said, ‘Leave it and go!’ He-asws said to them: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww had said to you all: ‘I-saww am leaving behind among you all the two weighty things – Book of Allah-azwj an my-saww family-asws. They will never separate until they return to me-saww at the Fountain’. Thus, if you were to accept it then accept me-asws along with it. I-asws shall judge between you with whatever is in it from the Judgments of Allah-azwj’.
فَقَالُوا لَا حَاجَةَ لَنَا فِيهِ وَ لَا فِيكَ فَانْصَرِفْ بِهِ مَعَكَ لَا تُفَارِقْهُ فَانْصَرَفَ عَنْهُمْ.
They said, ‘There is no need for us regarding it, nor regarding you-asws, so leave with it with you-asws. Do not separate from it’. So, he-asws left from them.
فَأَقَامَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ بِمَا عَهِدَهُ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَوَجَّهُوا إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَهَجَمُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ أَحْرَقُوا بَابَهُ وَ اسْتَخْرَجُوهُ مِنْهُ كَرْهاً وَ ضَغَطُوا سَيِّدَةَ النِّسَاءِ بِالْبَابِ حَتَّى أَسْقَطَتْ مُحَسِّناً
Amir Al-Momineen-asws and the ones with him-asws from his-asws Shias, stayed in their houses due to what Rasool-Allah-saww had pacted to him-asws, and they headed to his-asws house. And they (others) crowded to him-asws, and burnt down his-asws door, and brought him-asws out from it forcefully, and they squeezed chieftess of the women (Fatima-asws) at the door until Mohsin-asws (her-asws little child) was martyred.
وَ أَخَذُوهُ بِالْبَيْعَةِ فَامْتَنَعَ وَ قَالَ لَا أَفْعَلُ فَقَالُوا نَقْتُلُكَ فَقَالَ إِنْ تَقْتُلُونِي فَإِنِّي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ أَخُو رَسُولِهِ وَ بَسَطُوا يَدَهُ فَقَبَضَهَا وَ عَسُرَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَتْحُهَا فَمَسَحُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ هِيَ مَضْمُومَة.
And they seized him-asws with the allegiance, but he-asws refused and said: ‘I-asws will not do it’. They said, ‘We will kill you-asws!’ He-asws said: ‘If you were to kill me-asws, so I-asws am a servant of Allah-azwj and brother-asws of His-azwj Rasool-saww’, and they (forcibly) extended his-asws hand and he-asws grabbed it (making a fist), and made it difficult upon them. They opened it and wiped upon it, and it was pressed’.
ثُمَّ لَقِيَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بَعْدَ هَذَا الْفِعْلِ بِأَيَّامٍ أَحَدَ الْقَوْمِ فَنَاشَدَهُ اللَّهَ وَ ذَكَّرَهُ بِأَيَّامِ اللَّهِ وَ قَالَ لَهُ هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ أَجْمَعَ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى يَأْمُرَكَ وَ يَنْهَاكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ نَعَمْ
Then one of the people (Abu Bakr) met Amir Al-Momineen-asws, a few days after this deed, so he-asws adjured him with Allah-azwj and reminded him of the days of Allah-azwj and said to him: ‘Is it for you if I-asws were to gather between you and Rasool-Allah-azwj until he-saww orders you and forbids you?’ He said to him-asws, ‘Yes’.
فَخَرَجَا إِلَى مَسْجِدِ قُبَاءَ فَأَرَاهُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَاعِداً فِيهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا فُلَانُ عَلَى هَذَا عَاهَدْتُمُونِي فِي تَسْلِيمِ الْأَمْرِ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ وَ هُوَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
They went out to Masjid Quba, and he-asws showed him Rasool-Allah-saww seated in it. He-saww said to him: ‘O so and so (Abu Bakr)!’ Is this what you had vowed me regarding submitting the command to Ali-asws, and he-asws is Amir Al-Momineen?’
فَرَجَعَ وَ قَدْ هَمَّ بِتَسْلِيمِ الْأَمْرِ إِلَيْهِ فَمَنَعَهُ صَاحِبُهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ هَذَا سِحْرٌ مُبِينٌ مَعْرُوفٌ مِنْ سِحْرِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ أَ وَ مَا تَذْكُرُ يَوْمَ كُنَّا مَعَ ابْنِ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ فَأَمَرَ شَجَرَتَيْنِ فَالْتَقَتَا فَقَضَى حَاجَتَهُ خَلْفَهُمَا ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمَا فَتَفَرَّقَتَا وَ عَادَتَا إِلَى حَالِهِمَا
He returned and had thought of submitting the command to him-asws. But his companion (Umar) prevented him from that saying, ‘This is clear sorcery, well-known from the sorcery of the Clan of Hashim-asws. Or, do you not remember the day we were with Abu Kabasha (Rasool-Allah-saww), and he-saww ordered two trees, and they joined up, and he-saww fulfilled his-saww need behind them? Then he-saww ordered them, and they separated and returned to their (former) state?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمَا إِنْ ذَكَّرْتَنِي هَذَا فَقَدْ كُنْتُ مَعَهُ فِي الْكَهْفِ فَمَسَحَ يَدَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِي ثُمَّ أَهْوَى بِرِجْلِهِ فَأَرَانِي الْبَحْرَ ثُمَّ أَرَانِي جَعْفَراً وَ أَصْحَابَهُ فِي سَفِينَةٍ تَعُومُ فِي الْبَحْرِ.
He said to him, ‘But you are reminding of this, so I had been with him-saww in the cave, and he-saww wiped his-saww hand upon my face, then gestured by his-saww left and showed me the sea, then he-saww showed me Ja’far-as and his-as companions in a ship, floating in the sea’.
فَرَجَعَ عَمَّا كَانَ عَزَمَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هَمُّوا بِقَتْلِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ تَوَاصَوْا وَ تَوَاعَدُوا بِذَلِكَ وَ أَنْ يَتَوَلَّى قَتْلَهُ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَبَعَثَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِجَارِيَةٍ لَهَا فَأَخَذَتْ بِعِضَادَتَيِ الْبَابِ وَ نَادَتْ إِنَّ الْمَلَأَ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقْتُلُوكَ فَاخْرُجْ إِنِّي لَكَ مِنَ النَّاصِحِينَ
So, he returned from what he had determined upon, and they thought of killing Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and they advised and agreed with each other with that, and placed Khalid Bin Al-Waleed in charge of killing him-asws. Asman Bint Umeys-ra sent a maid of hers-ra to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and she grabbed the frames of the door and called out, The chiefs have issued an order for you to be killed, therefore get out (from the city). I am from the (sincere) advisers to you [28:20]’.
فَخَرَجَ ع مُشْتَمِلًا بِسَيْفِهِ وَ كَانَ الْوَعْدُ فِي قَتْلِهِ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ إِمَامُهُمْ فَيَقُومَ خَالِدٌ إِلَيْهِ بِسَيْفِهِ فَأَحَسُّوا بَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ الْإِمَامُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ لَا تَفْعَلَنَّ خَالِدُ مَا أَمَرْتُ بِهِ.
He-asws went out carrying his-asws sword, and the appointment regarding his-asws killing was that their prayer leader would greet (Salaat – finishing the Salat), so Khalid would stand to him-asws and make him-asws feel it’s evil. But the prayer leader (Abu Bakr) said before he greeted (Salaam), ‘Don’t do it, Khalid, what I had instructed with!’
ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنْ أَقَاصِيصِهِمْ مَا رَوَاهُ النَّاسُ.
Then it was from their stories what the people reported.
وَ فِي سَنَتَيْنِ وَ شَهْرَيْنِ وَ سَبْعَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ إِمَامَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَاتَ ابْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ وَ هُوَ عَتِيقُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ وَ أَوْصَى بِالْأَمْرِ بَعْدَهُ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ لِعَهْدٍ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ اعْتَزَلَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع كَاعْتِزَالِهِ لِصَاحِبِهِ قَبْلَهُ إِلَّا بِمَا لَمْ يَجِدْ مِنْهُ بُدّاً وَ لَا يَنْهَى إِلَّا عَمَّا لَمْ يَجِدْ مِنَ النَّهْيِ عَنْهُ بُدّاً وَ هُمْ فِي خِلَالِ ذَلِكَ يَسْأَلُونَهُ وَ يَسْتَفْتُونَهُ فِي حَلَالِهِمْ وَ حَرَامِهِمْ وَ فِي تَأْوِيلِ الْكِتَابِ وَ فَصْلِ الْخِطَابِ.
And during the two years and two months and seven days from the Imamate of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, Ibn Abu Qohafa (Abu Bakr), and he is Ateeq Bin Usman, died, and bequeathed with the command after him to Umar Bin Al-Khattab, due to a pact which was between the two, and they isolated Amir Al-Momineen-asws like the isolation (done) by his companion (Abu Bakr) before him, except from what they could not find any escape from, nor forbid except from what they could not find any escape from his-asws forbiddance, and they, during the midst of that, were asking him, and seeking his-asws verdicts regarding their Permissibles, and their Prohibitions, and regarding interpretation of the Book and the decisive address’’.[51]
51- وَ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ عِنْدَ شَرْحِ قَوْلِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا لَيْسَ لِي مُعِينٌ إِلَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتِي فَضَنِنْتُ بِهِمْ عَنِ الْمَوْتِ فَأَغْضَيْتُ عَلَى الْقَذَى وَ شَرِبْتُ عَلَى الشَّجَا وَ صَبَرْتُ عَلَى أَخْذِ الْكَظَمِ وَ عَلَى أَمَرَّ مِنْ طَعْمِ الْعَلْقَمِ.
And Ibn Abu Al-Hadeeth said during the commentary (of Nahj Al-Balagah), the words of Amir Al-Momineen-asws: ‘I-asws looked around and there weren’t’ any supporters for me-asws except my-asws family members, and (so I-asws) protected them from the death. So, I-asws closed my-asws eyes from the mote, and drank upon the choking, and was patient upon cramp seizures, and upon the bitterest of the food to swallow’’.[52]
52- وَ رَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ أَيْضاً فِي الْكِتَابِ الْمَذْكُورِ مِنْ كِتَابِ السَّقِيفَةِ لِلْجَوْهَرِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو زَيْدٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ شَبَّةَ عَنْ رِجَالِهِ قَالَ: جَاءَ عُمَرُ إِلَى بَيْتِ فَاطِمَةَ فِي رِجَالٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ نَفَرٍ قَلِيلٍ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَقَالَ وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَتَخْرُجُنَّ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ أَوْ لَأُحْرِقَنَّ الْبَيْتَ عَلَيْكُمْ
And it is reported by Ibn Abu Al Hadeed as well in the mentioned book, from the book ‘Saqeefa’ of Al Jowhari, from his men who said,
‘Umar came to the house of (Syeda) Fatima-asws among men from the Helpers and a small number from the Emigrants, and he said, ‘By the One-azwj is Whose Hand is my soul! Either you-asws come out for the allegiance or I will burn down the house upon you-asws all!’
فَخَرَجَ الزُّبَيْرُ مُصْلِتاً بِالسَّيْفِ فَاعْتَنَقَهُ زِيَادُ بْنُ لَبِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ وَ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ فَنَدَرَ السَّيْفُ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ عُمَرُ الْحَجَرَ فَكَسَرَهُ ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَهُمْ بِتَلَابِيبِهِمْ يُسَاقَوْنَ سَوْقاً عَنِيفاً حَتَّى بَايَعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ.
Al-Zubeyr came out with the sword unsheathed, and he was confronted by Zayd Bin Labeed Al-Ansari and another man, and the sword fell from his hand. Umar struck the rock with it, then he brought them out with their collars being ushered a violent ushering, until they pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr’.
قَالَ أَبُو زَيْدٍ رَوَى النَّضْرُ بْنُ شُمَيْلٍ قَالَ: حُمِلَ سَيْفُ الزُّبَيْرِ لَمَّا نَدَرَ مِنْ يَدِهِ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ هُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَخْطُبُ فَقَالَ اضْرِبُوا بِهِ الْحَجَرَ
Abu Zayd said, ‘It is reported by Al-Nazr Bin Shumeyl who said, ‘The sword of Al-Zubeyr which fell from his hand, was carried to Abu Bakr, and he was addressing upon the pulpit. He said, ‘Strike the rock with it’.
وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنِ حِمَاسٍ وَ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ الْحَجَرَ وَ فِيهِ تِلْكَ الضَّرْبَةُ وَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ هَذَا أَثَرُ ضَرْبَةِ سَيْفِ الزُّبَيْرِ-.
And Abu Amro Bin Himas said, ‘And I saw the rock and in it was that strike, and the people were saying, ‘This is the impact of the strike of the sword of Al-Zubeyr’’.[53] (Mu’tazali source)
وَ رَوَى أَيْضاً عَنِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْبَاهِلِيِّ- عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُجَالِدٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا عُمَرُ أَيْنَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ قَالَ هُوَ هَذَا فَقَالَ انْطَلِقَا إِلَيْهِمَا يَعْنِي عَلِيّاً ع وَ الزُّبَيْرَ فَأْتِيَانِي بِهِمَا فَدَخَلَ عُمَرُ وَ وَقَفَ خَالِدٌ عَلَى الْبَابِ مِنْ خَارِجٍ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِلزُّبَيْرِ مَا هَذَا السَّيْفُ قَالَ أَعْدَدْتُهُ لِأُبَايِعَ عَلِيّاً
And it is reported as well from Al Jowhari, from Abu Bakr Al Bahily, from Ismail Bin Mukhalid, from Al Shabi who said,
‘Abu Bakr said, ‘O Umar! Where is Khalid Bin Al-Waleed?’ He said, ‘He is there’. He said, ‘Both of you go to them – meaning to Ali-asws and Al-Zubeyr, and come to me with them both’. Umar entered and Khalid paused at the door from outside. Umar said to Al-Zubeyr, ‘What is this sword?’ He said, ‘I had prepared it to pledge allegiance to Ali-asws’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ فِي الْبَيْتِ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ مِنْهُمُ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ وَ جُمْهُورُ الْهَاشِمِيِّينَ فَاخْتَرَطَ عُمَرُ السَّيْفَ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ صَخْرَةً فِي الْبَيْتِ فَكَسَرَهُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ الزُّبَيْرِ فَأَقَامَهُ ثُمَّ دَفَعَهُ فَأَخْرَجَهُ وَ قَالَ يَا خَالِدُ دُونَكَ هَذَا فَأَمْسَكَهُ خَالِدٌ وَ كَانَ فِي الْخَارِجِ مَعَ خَالِدٍ جَمْعٌ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ أَرْسَلَهُمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رِدْءاً لَهُمَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘And there were many people in the house, from them were Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-ra and Jamhour Al-Hashimy. Umar took the sword and hit a rock in the house with it, and it broke. Then he grabbed the hand of Al-Zubeyr and stood him up, then pushed him and brought him out and said, ‘O Khalid! It is for you with this one’. So Khalid withheld him, and there were a lot of people with Khalid on the outside. Abu Bakr had sent them to fetch them (Ali-asws and al Zubeyr).
ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عُمَرُ فَقَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع قُمْ فَبَايِعْ فَتَلَكَّأَ وَ احْتَبَسَ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ قُمْ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَقُومَ فَحَمَلَهُ وَ دَفَعَهُ كَمَا دَفَعَ الزُّبَيْرَ ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَهُمَا خَالِدٌ وَ سَاقَهُمَا عُمَرُ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ سَوْقاً عَنِيفاً وَ اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ يَنْظُرُونَ وَ امْتَلَأَتْ شَوَارِعُ الْمَدِينَةِ بِالرِّجَالِ
Then Umar entered and said to Ali-asws, ‘Stand up and pledge allegiance!’ He-asws leaned back and withheld. So he grabbed his-asws hand and said, ‘Stand!’ But he-asws refused to stand. He had him-asws carried and pushed just as Al-Zubeyr had been pushed (outside). Then Khalid held them both. Umar and the ones with him ushered them with a violent ushering, and the people gathered awaiting, and the streets of Al-Medina had filled up with the men.
وَ رَأَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع مَا صَنَعَ عُمَرُ فَصَرَخَتْ وَ وَلْوَلَتْ وَ اجْتَمَعَتْ مَعَهَا نِسْوَةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ مِنَ الْهَاشِمِيَّاتِ وَ غَيْرِهِنَّ فَخَرَجَتْ إِلَى بَابِ حُجْرَتِهَا وَ نَادَتْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا أَغَرْتُمْ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهِ لَا أُكَلِّمُ عُمَرَ حَتَّى أَلْقَى اللَّهَ
And (Syeda) Fatima-asws saw what Umar had done, and she-asws cried and ululated, and a lot of women from the Hashemite’s gathered with her-asws. She-asws went out of the door of her chamber and called out: ‘O Abu Bakr! How quickly you have deceived upon People-asws of the Household of Rasool-Allah-saww! By Allah-azwj! I-asws will not speak to Umar until I-asws meet Allah-azwj!’’[54] (Non-Shia source)
54 – قَالَ وَ رَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ- عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ شَبَّةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ قَالَ- كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ص قَدْ بَعَثَ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ سَاعِياً فَرَجَعَ مِنْ سِعَايَتِهِ وَ قَدْ مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَلَقِيَهُ قَوْمٌ فَسَأَلَهُمْ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ مَنْ وُلِّيَ بَعْدَهُ قِيلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَ أَبُو الْفَصِيلِ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَمَا فَعَلَ الْمُسْتَضْعَفَانِ عَلِيٌّ وَ الْعَبَّاسُ أَمَا وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَأَرْفَعَنَّ لَهُمَا مِنْ أَعْضَادِهِمَا
He said, ‘And it is reported by Ahmad Bin Umar Bin Abdul Aziz, from Umar Bin Shabbah, from Muhammad Bin Mansour, from Ja’far Bin Suleyman, from Malik Bin Dinar who said,
‘The Prophet-saww had sent Abu Sufyan as a courier. He returned from it, and Rasool-Allah-saww had passed away. He met a group and he asked them. They said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww has passed away’. He said, ‘Who is the ruler after him-saww?’ It was said, ‘Abu Bakr’. He said, ‘Abu Al-Faseyl?’ They said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So what was done with the two weakened ones, Ali-asws and Al-Abbas?’ But, by the One-azwj in Whose Hand is my soul! I will lift them up from their arms’.
قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَ ذَكَرُ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أَنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ قَالَ شَيْئاً آخَرَ لَمْ تَحْفَظْهُ الرُّوَاةُ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ قَالَ إِنِّي لَأَرَى عَجَاجَةً لَا يُطْفِيهَا إِلَّا الدَّمُ
Abu Bakr Ahmad Bin Abdul Aziz said, and Ja’far Bin Suleyman mentioned, ‘Abu Sufyan said another thing, the reporters have not preserved it. When he arrived at Al-Medina, he said, ‘I can see such smoke, nothing will extinguish it except the blood’.
قَالَ فَكَلَّمَ عُمَرُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ قَدْ قَدِمَ وَ إِنَّا لَا نَأْمَنُ مِنْ شَرِّهِ فَدَعْ لَهُ مَا فِي يَدِهِ فَتَرَكَهُ فَرَضِيَ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Umar spoke to Abu Bakr, he said, ‘Abu Sufyan has arrived and we are not safe from his evil, so leave for him whatever is in his hands’. He left him, and he was pleased’’.[55] (Non-Shia source)
55- و قال ابن أبي الحديد في موضع آخر: لما قبض رسول الله ص و اشتغل علي ع بغسله و دفنه و بويع أبو بكر خلا الزبير و أبو سفيان و جماعة من المهاجرين بعلي ع و العباس لإجالة الرأي و تكلموا بكلام يقتضي الاستنهاض و التهييج
And Ibn Abu Al-Hadeed said in another place – ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away and Ali-asws was busy with washing him-saww, and burying him-saww, and Abu Bakr was being pledged to, Al-Zubeyr and Abu Sufyan and a group from the Emigrants isolated with Ali-asws and Al-Abbas for getting the views, and they spoke with speeches requiring agitation and the annoyance.
فقال العباس رضي الله عنه قد سمعنا قولكم فلا لِقِلَّةٍ نستعين بكم و لا لِظِنَّةٍ نترك آراءكم فأمهلونا نراجع الفكر فَإِنْ يَكُنْ لَنَا مِنَ الْإِثْمِ مُخْرَجٌ يَصِرَّ بِنَا وَ بِهِمُ الْحَقُّ صَرِيرَ الْجُدْجُدِ وَ نَبْسُطْ إِلَى الْمَجْدِ أَكُفّاً لَا نَقْبِضُهَا أَوْ نَبْلُغَ الْمَدَى
Al-Abbas said, ‘We have heard your words, and we are not leaving your views due to the scarcity of your assistance nor for your though. Respite us to review the thinking, so if there happens to be a way out for us from the sins, the truth would squeak between us and them the squeaking of the cockroach, and we shall extend to the glory sufficiently, we won’t be able to hold it, or we shall reach the term.
وَ إِنْ تَكُنِ الْأُخْرَى فَلَا لِقِلَّةٍ فِي الْعَدَدِ وَ لَا لِوَهْنٍ فِي الْأَيْدِ و الله لو لا أن الإسلام قيد الفتك لتدكدكت جنادل صخر يسمع اصطكاكها من المحل العلي
And if it happens to be another, so it is not due to scarcity of the numbers, nor due to weakness in the hands. By Allah-azwj! Had it not been for Al-Islam having restrictions of the lethality, I would have rock the boats of Sakhar, its chatter would have been heard from the high place!
فحل عَلِيٌّ ع حبوته و قال الصبر حلم و التقوى دين و الحجة محجة و الطريق الصراط أيها الناس شقوا أمواج الفتن إلى آخر ما نقلنا سابقا ثم نهض فدخل إلى منزله و افترق القوم-
Ali-asws released his-asws love and said: ‘The patience, and leniency, and the piety is Religion, and the Divine Authority is the argument, and the path is the (Straight) Path. O you people! Cleave the waves of Fitna’ – up to the end of what we have transmitted before. Then he-asws got up and entered into his-asws house, and the people dispersed.
وَ قَالَ أَيْضاً فِي شَرْحِ هَذَا الْكَلَامِ مِنْهُ ع لَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ عَلَى بَيْعَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَرَى عَجَاجَةً لَا يُطْفِيهَا إِلَّا الدَّمُ يَا لِعَبْدِ مَنَافٍ فِيمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مِنْ أَمْرِكُمْ أَيْنَ الْمُسْتَضْعَفَانِ أَيْنَ الْأَذَلَّانِ يَعْنِي عَلِيّاً ع وَ الْعَبَّاسَ مَا بَالُ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ فِي أَقَلِّ حَيٍّ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ
And he said as well in the commentary, this speech from him-asws, when the Emigrants gathered upon pledging allegiance to Abu Bakr, Abu Sufyan came and he was saying, ‘But, by Allah-azwj! I see such smoke; nothing can extinguish it except the blood! O Abd Manaf! In what is Abu Bakr from your affairs? Where are the two weakened ones? Where are the two humiliated ones?’ – meaning Ali-asws and Al-Abbas. ‘How come this command is among the lowest tribe of Quraysh?’
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ أُبَايِعْكَ فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنْ شِئْتَ لَأَمْلَأَنَّهَا عَلَى أَبِي فَصِيلٍ … خَيْلًا وَ رَجِلًا فَامْتَنَعَ عَلَيْهِ عَلِيٌّ ع فَلَمَّا يَئِسَ مِنْهُ قَامَ عَنْهُ وَ هُوَ يُنْشِدُ شِعْرَ الْمُتَلَمِّسِ
| وَ لَا يُقِيمُ عَلَى ضَيْمٍ يُرَادُ بِهِ- | إِلَّا الْأَذَلَّانِ عَيْرُ الْحَيِّ وَ الْوَتَدُ | |
| هَذَا عَلَى الْخَسْفِ مَرْبُوطٌ بِرُمَّتِهِ- | وَ ذَا يُشَجُّ فَلَا يَرْثِي لَهُ أَحَدٌ |
Then he said to Ali-asws, ‘Extend your-asws hand, I will pledge allegiance to you-asws, for by Allah-azwj, if you-asws like, I will fill it (Al-Medina) with cavalry and infantry) against Abu Al-Faseyl (Abu Bakr)!’ Ali-asws refused. When he despaired from him-asws, he stood up from him-asws, and he was prosing a poem of the seeker, ‘And it cannot stand upon an inferior ones, intended with it, except the two humiliated ones being a vein of life and the stabiliser. This is has been tied upon the wretched one with its ritual, and that one is with a scar, so no one will lament for him’.
وَ قِيلَ لِأَبِي قُحَافَةَ يَوْمَ وُلِّيَ الْأَمْرَ ابْنُهُ قَدْ وُلِّيَ ابْنُكَ الْخِلَافَةَ فَقَرَأَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ مالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشاءُ وَ تَنْزِعُ الْمُلْكَ مِمَّنْ تَشاءُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِمَ وَلَّوْهُ قَالُوا لِسِنِّهِ قَالَ فَأَنَا أَسَنُّ مِنْهُ.
And it was said to Abu Qohafa (Abu Bakr’s father) on the day his son was in charge of the command, ‘Your son is in charge of the caliphate’. He recited, Say: ‘O Allah, Master of the Kingdom! You Give the Kingdom to whomsoever You so Desire to and Remove the Kingdom from the one You so Desire to, [3:26]’. Then he said, ‘Why was he made the ruler?’ They said, ‘Due to his age’. He said, ‘But I am older than him’.
وَ قَالَ أَيْضاً عِنْدَ مَا ذَكَرَ تَنْفِيذَ جَيْشِ أُسَامَةَ كَمَا سَنَذْكُرُهُ حَيْثُ قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَكِبَ يَعْنِي أُسَامَةَ جَاءَهُ رَسُولُ أُمِّ أَيْمَنَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَمُوتُ فَأَقْبَلَ وَ مَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ فَانْتَهَوْا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حِينَ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ يَوْمِ الْإِثْنَيْنِ وَ قَدْ مَاتَ
And he said as well during what he mentioned at the enforcement of the army of Usama, just as we shall be mentioning it, where he said, ‘When he rode, meaning Usama, a messenger of Umm Ayman came to him and he said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww has passed away’. So, he returned and with him was Abu Bakr and Umar and Abu Ubeyda, and they ended up to Rasool-Allah-saww when the sun had declined from the day of Monday, and he-saww had passed away.
وَ اللِّوَاءُ مَعَ بُرَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْخَصِيبِ فَدَخَلَ بِاللِّوَاءِ فَرَكَزَهُ عِنْدَ بَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ مُغْلَقٌ وَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ بَعْضُ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ مُشْتَغِلُونَ بِإِعْدَادِ جَهَازِهِ وَ غُسْلِهِ
And the flag was with Bureyda Bin Al-Khaseeb, and he entered with the flag and tied it as the door of Rasool-Allah-saww, and it was locked, and Ali-asws and some of the Clan of Hashim-asws were pre-occupied with preparing his-saww funeral, and washing him-saww.
فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ لِعَلِيٍّ ع وَ هُمَا فِي الدَّارِ امْدُدْ يَدَكَ أُبَايِعْكَ فَيَقُولَ النَّاسُ عَمُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بَايَعَ ابْنَ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَلَا يَخْتَلِفَ عَلَيْكَ اثْنَانِ
Al-Abbas said to Ali-asws, and they were both in the house, ‘Extend your-asws hand, I shall pledge allegiance to you-asws, so the people can be saying, ‘Uncle of Rasool-Allah-saww has pledged allegiance to a son-asws of the uncle-as of Rasool-Allah-saww’, and no two would differ upon you-asws’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ وَ يَطْمَعُ يَا عَمِّ فِيهَا طَامِعٌ غَيْرِي قَالَ سَتَعْلَمُ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثَا أَنْ جَاءَتْهُمَا الْأَخْبَارُ بِأَنَّ الْأَنْصَارَ أَقْعَدَتْ سَعْداً لِتُبَايِعَهُ وَ أَنَّ عُمَرَ جَاءَ بِأَبِي بَكْرٍ فَبَايَعَهُ وَ سَبَقَ الْأَنْصَارُ بِالْبَيْعَةِ
He-asws said to him: ‘Or are you greedy, O uncle, regarding it, the greed of others?’ He said, ‘You-asws will soon know’. It was not long before news came to them that the Helpers had seated Sa’ad in order to pledge to him, and that Umar had come to Abu Bakr and pledged allegiance to him, and the Helpers had preceded with the allegiance’.
فَنَدِمَ عَلِيٌّ ع عَلَى تَفْرِيطِهِ فِي أَمْرِ الْبَيْعَةِ وَ تَقَاعُدِهِ عَنْهَا وَ أَنْشَدَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ قَوْلَ دُرَيْدٍ
| أَمَرْتُهُمْ أَمْرِي بِمُنْعَرَجِ اللِّوَى- | فَلَمْ يَسْتَبِينُوا النُّصْحَ إِلَّا ضُحَى الْغَدِ |
Ali-asws was sad upon unreasonableness regarding the matter of his-asws caliphate, and staying back from it, and Al-Abbas prosed the words of Dureyd, ‘I instructed them of my instruction of twisting the flag, but they did not seek the advice except the next morning’’.[56] (Mu’tazali source)
56- وَ رَوَى الشَّيْخُ قُدِّسَ سِرُّهُ فِي تَلْخِيصِ الشَّافِي، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي مِخْنَفٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمْرَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص لَمَّا قُبِضَ اجْتَمَعَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَقَالُوا نُوَلِّي هَذَا الْأَمْرَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ وَ أَخْرَجُوا سَعْداً إِلَيْهِمْ وَ هُوَ مَرِيضٌ
And it is reported by the sheykh in (the book) ‘Talkhees Al Shafy’, from Hisham Bin Muhammad, from Abu Mikhnaf, from Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Umra Al Ansari,
‘When the Prophet-saww passed away, the Helpers gathered in the shed (Saqeefa) of the clan of Saaida and they said, ‘We will be Sa’ad Bin Ubada to be a ruler after Muhammad-saww’, and they brought out Sa’ad to them and he was ill’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعُوا قَالَ لِابْنِهِ أَوْ لِبَعْضِ بَنِي عَمِّهِ إِنِّي لَا أَقْدِرُ لِشَكْوَايَ أَنْ أُسْمِعَ الْقَوْمَ كُلَّهُمْ كَلَامِي وَ لَكِنْ تَلَقَّ مِنِّي قَوْلِي فَأَسْمِعْهُمْ فَكَانَ يَتَكَلَّمُ وَ يَحْفَظُ الرَّجُلُ قَوْلَهُ فَيَرْفَعُ بِهِ صَوْتَهُ وَ يُسْمِعُ بِهِ أَصْحَابَهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘When they had gathered, he said to his son, or to one of the clan of Umayya, ‘I am not able upon getting my complaint to be heard by all of the people, but you receive my words from me and get it to be heard by them’. So he was speaking and the man was memorising his words. He raised his voice and got his companions to hear it.
فَقَالَ بَعْدَ أَنْ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِنَّ لَكُمْ سَابِقَةً فِي الدِّينِ وَ فَضِيلَةً فِي الْإِسْلَامِ لَيْسَتْ لِقَبِيلَةٍ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً ص لَبِثَ بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً فِي قَوْمِهِ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى عِبَادَةِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَ خَلْعِ الْأَوْثَانِ فَمَا آمَنَ بِهِ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ إِلَّا رِجَالٌ قَلِيلٌ
He said after he had praised Allah-azwj and Extolled upon Him-azwj, ‘O community of the Helpers! For you is the precedence in the Religion and a merit in Al-Islam, not being for any tribe from the Arabs. Muhammad-saww stayed among his-saww people for ten years calling them to worship the Beneficent, and leave the idols. But no one from his-saww people believed except a few men.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانُوا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى أَنْ يَمْنَعُوا رَسُولَهُ وَ لَا أَنْ يُعِزُّوا دِينَهُ وَ لَا أَنْ يَدْفَعُوا عَنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ ضَيْماً عُمُّوا بِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَرَادَ بِكُمْ رَبُّكُمُ الْفَضِيلَةَ وَ سَاقَ إِلَيْكُمُ الْكَرَامَةَ وَ خَصَّكُمْ بِالنِّعْمَةِ وَ رَزَقَكُمُ الْإِيمَانَ بِهِ وَ بِرَسُولِهِ وَ الْمَنْعَ لَهُ وَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ وَ الْإِعْزَازَ لَهُ وَ لِدِينِهِ وَ الْجِهَادَ لِأَعْدَائِهِ
By Allah-azwj! They were neither able upon preventing His-azwj Rasool-saww nor strengthen His-azwj Religion, nor defend from themselves any wrong being blinded with it, until when your Lord-azwj Wanted the merit with you, and Usher the honour to you, and specialise you with the Favour, and Grace you with the Eman in Him-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the prevention for him-saww and for his-saww companions, and the strengthening for him-saww and his-saww Religion, and fighting against his-saww enemies.
وَ كُنْتُمْ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ مِنْهُمْ وَ أَثْقَلَهُ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ حَتَّى اسْتَقَامَتِ الْعَرَبُ لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ طَوْعاً وَ كَرْهاً وَ أَعْطَى الْبَعِيدُ الْمَقَادَةَ صَاغِراً دَاخِراً وَ حَتَّى أَثْخَنَ اللَّهُ لِرَسُولِهِ بِكُمُ الْأَرْضَ وَ دَانَتْ بِأَسْيَافِكُمْ لَهُ الْعَرَبُ وَ تَوَفَّاهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ عَنْكُمْ رَاضٍ وَ بِكُمْ قَرِيرُ عَيْنٍ اسْتَبِدُّوا بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ دُونَ النَّاسِ فَإِنَّهُ لَكُمْ دُونَ النَّاسِ
And you were the strongest of the people against his-saww enemies than they were, and heavier upon his-saww enemies than others, until they were straightened for the Commands of Allah-azwj, willingly and unwillingly, and the distant ones came belittled, humbled, and until Allah-azwj Strengthened the earth for His-azwj Rasool-saww through you, and the Arabs had a Religion by your swords, and Allah-azwj Caused him-saww to pass away to Him-azwj, and he-saww was pleased from you, and his-saww eyes would be delighted by you having begun with this command besides the (other) people, for it is for you besides the people’.
فَأَجَابُوهُ بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ بِأَنْ قَدْ وُفِّقْتَ فِي الرَّأْيِ وَ أَصَبْتَ فِي الْقَوْلِ وَ لَنْ نَعْدُوَ مَا رَأَيْتَ نُوَلِّيكَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فَإِنَّكَ فِينَا مُتَّبَعٌ وَ لِصَالِحِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رِضًا
They answered him in their entirety with, ‘We are concordant in the view, and correct with the words, and we will never leave what you are viewing. We will make you in charge of this command, for you are among us, following the interests of the Momineen, agreeable.
ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ تَرَادُّوا الْكَلَامَ فَقَالُوا فَإِنْ أَبَتْ مُهَاجِرَةُ قُرَيْشٍ فَقَالُوا نَحْنُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَ صَحَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ الْأَوَّلُونَ وَ نَحْنُ عَشِيرَتُهُ وَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ فَعَلَامَ تُنَازِعُونَنَا الْأَمْرَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ فَإِنَّا نَقُولُ إِذاً مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ وَ لَنْ نَرْضَى بِدُونِ هَذَا أَبَداً
Then they turned the speech and they said, ‘Supposing the Emigrants of Quraysh refuse and they said, ‘We are the Emigrants and companions of Rasool-Allah-saww, the formers ones, and we are his-saww clan, and his-saww friends, so why are you disputing with us regarding the command from after him-saww?’ A group from them said, ‘We are saying then, there would be a ruler from us and a ruler from you, and will never be pleased with anything besides this, ever!’
فَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ حِينَ سَمِعَهَا هَذَا أَوَّلُ الْوَهْنِ وَ أَتَى عُمَرَ الْخَبَرُ فَأَقْبَلَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِي الدَّارِ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع دَائِبٌ فِي جَهَازِ النَّبِيِّ ص
Sa’ad Bin Ubada said when he heard this, ‘This is the first weakness’. And the news came to Umar, so he came to the house of the Prophet-saww and sent a message to Abu Bakr, and Abu Bakr was in the house, and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib was persevering in the funeral preparations of the Prophet-saww.
فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنِ اخْرُجْ إِلَيَّ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ أَنِّي مُشْتَغِلٌ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَدْ حَدَثَ أَمْرٌ لَا بُدَّ لَكَ مِنْ حُضُورِهِ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الْأَنْصَارَ قَدِ اجْتَمَعَتْ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُوَلُّوا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ وَ أَحْسَنُهُمْ مَقَالَةً مَنْ يَقُولُ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ أَمِيرٌ
Abu Bakr sent a message to him (Umar), ‘Come out to me’. He sent a message to him: ‘I am busy’. He sent a message to him, ‘An event has occurred, there is no escape for you being present’. He went out to him. He said, ‘Do you not know that the helpers have gathered in the shed of the clan of Saaida wanting Sa’ad Bin Ubada to be in charge of this command, and their excelled words are of the one who said, ‘There should be a ruler from us and a ruler from Quraysh’.
فَمَضَيَا مُسْرِعَيْنِ نَحْوَهُمْ فَلَقِيَا أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ فَتَمَاشَوْا إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَقِيَهُمْ عَاصِمُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ وَ عُوَيْمُ بْنُ سَاعِدَةَ فَقَالا لَهُمْ ارْجِعُوا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا مَا تُحِبُّونَ فَقَالُوا لَا تَفْعَلْ فَجَاءَهُمْ وَ هُمْ مُجْتَمِعُونَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَتَيْنَاهُمْ وَ قَدْ كُنْتُ زَوَّرْتُ كَلَاماً أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَقُومَ بِهِ فِيهِمْ
They both went hurriedly and met Abu Ubeyda walking towards them. Then they met Aasim Bin Adayy, and Uweym Bin Saaida. They both said to them, ‘Return, for it will not happen except what you love’. They said, ‘You don’t do it’. They came to them and they had gathered. Umar Bin Al-Khattab said, ‘I have come to them and I used to be with false speech. I wanted to stand with it among them’.
فَلَمَّا انْدَفَعْتُ إِلَيْهِمْ ذَهَبْتُ لِأَبْتَدِئَ الْمَنْطِقَ فَقَالَ لِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ رُوَيْداً حَتَّى أَتَكَلَّمَ ثُمَّ انْطِقْ بَعْدُ مَا أَحْبَبْتَ فَنَطَقَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ فَمَا شَيْءٌ كُنْتُ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَقُولَ بِهِ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ أَتَى بِهِ أَوْ زَادَ عَلَيْهِ
When I rushed towards them, going to beginning the talk, Abu Bakr said to me, ‘Slowly, until I speak, then speak whatever you like’. He spoke. Umar said, ‘I did not want anything I should be speaking with except you have come with it or increased upon it.
قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَبَدَأَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً ص رَسُولًا إِلَى خَلْقِهِ وَ شَهِيداً عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ لِيَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَ يُوَحِّدُوهُ وَ هُمْ يَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ آلِهَةً شَتَّى يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهَا لِمَنْ عَبَدَهَا شَافِعَةٌ وَ لَهُمْ نَافِعَةٌ وَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ مِنْ حَجَرٍ مَنْحُوتٍ وَ خَشَبٍ مَنْجُورٍ
Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman said, ‘Abu Bakr began. He praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, the said, ‘Allah-azwj Sent Muhammad-saww as a Rasool-saww to His-azwj creatures, and a witness upon his-saww community for them to be worshipping Allah-azwj, and profess His-azwj unity, and they were worshipping various gods from besides Him-azwj, claiming that these (gods) would intercede for the ones who worships these and beneficial to them, and rather these were of sculpted stone and carved wood’.
ثُمَّ قَرَأَ وَ يَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ ما لا يَضُرُّهُمْ وَ لا يَنْفَعُهُمْ وَ يَقُولُونَ هؤُلاءِ شُفَعاؤُنا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَ قَالُوا ما نَعْبُدُهُمْ إِلَّا لِيُقَرِّبُونا إِلَى اللَّهِ زُلْفى فَعَظُمَ عَلَى الْعَرَبِ أَنْ يَتْرُكُوا دِيْنَ آبَائِهِمْ
Then he recited, And they are worshipping from besides Allah what can neither harm them nor benefit them, and they are saying: ‘These would be our intercessors in the Presence of Allah. [10:18], and they said, ‘We do not worship them except they draw us closer to Allah’. [39:3]. So, it was grievous upon the Arabs that they leave the religion of their forefathers.
فَخَصَّ اللَّهُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ بِتَصْدِيقِهِ وَ الْإِيمَانِ بِهِ وَ الْمُوَاسَاةِ لَهُ وَ الصَّبْرِ مَعَهُ عَلَى شِدَّةِ أَذَى قَوْمِهِمْ لَهُمْ وَ تَكْذِيبِهِمْ إِيَّاهُ وَ كُلُّ النَّاسِ لَهُمْ مُخَالِفٌ وَ عَلَيْهِمْ زَارٍ فَلَمْ يَسْتَوْحِشُوا لِقِلَّةِ عَدَدِهِمْ وَ تَشَذُّبِ النَّاسِ عَنْهُمْ وَ إِجْمَاعِ قَوْمِهِمْ عَلَيْهِمْ
Allah-azwj Specialised the Emigrants, the first ones from his-saww people, with ratifying him-saww, and the consolation to him-saww, and the patience with him-saww upon the difficulties. Their people were harmful towards them and their belying him-saww, and all the people, have adversaries for them, and upon them are visitors, so they would not feel lonely due to the fewness of their numbers. The people cut back from them, and their people united against them.
فَهُمْ أَوَّلُ مَنْ عَبَدَ اللَّهَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَ بِالرَّسُولِ وَ هُمْ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ وَ عَشِيرَتُهُ وَ أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ لَا يُنَازِعُهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ إِلَّا ظَالِمٌ وَ أَنْتُمْ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ مَنْ لَا يُنْكَرُ فَضْلُهُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَ لَا سَابِقَتُهُمُ الْعَظِيمَةُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ
They were the first ones to worship Allah-azwj in the earth, and believe in Allah-azwj and the Rasool-saww, and they are his-saww friends, and his-saww clan, and most rightful of the people with this command, and no one would dispute them regarding that except an unjust one, and you, O Helpers, are one who do not deny their merits in the Religion, nor do you preceded them the greatness in Al-Islam.
رَضِيَكُمُ اللَّهُ أَنْصَاراً لِدِينِهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ وَ جَعَلَ إِلَيْكُمْ هِجْرَتَهَ وَ فِيكُمْ جُلَّةُ أَزْوَاجِهِ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ وَ لَيْسَ بَعْدَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ عِنْدَنَا بِمَنْزِلَتِكُمْ فَنَحْنُ الْأُمَرَاءُ وَ أَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ لَا تَفْتَاتُونَ بِمَشُورَةٍ وَ لَا يُقْضَى دُونَكُمُ الْأُمُورُ
Allah-azwj was Pleased with you as helpers to His-azwj Religion and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and Made the emigration to you, and among you are the frail ones of his-saww wives, and his-saww companions, and there isn’t anyone after the first Emigrants with us at your status. Thus, we are the ruler and you are the ministers. Do not be rattled with consultation nor will decisions of the matters be made besides you’.
فَقَامَ الْمُنْذِرُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ بْنِ الْجَمُوحِ هَكَذَا رَوَى الطَّبَرِيُ وَ الَّذِي رَوَاهُ غَيْرُهُ أَنَّهُ الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ امْلِكُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيكُمْ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ نَحْواً مِمَّا رَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ عَنِ الطَّبَرِيِّ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَقَامُوا إِلَيْهِ فَبَايَعُوهُ فَانْكَسَرَ عَلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ وَ عَلَى الْخَزْرَجِ مَا كَانُوا اجْتَمَعُوا لَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ
Al-Munzar Bin Al-Hubab Bin Al-Jamouh stood up. That is how Al-Tabari has reported, and that which is reported by others is that Al-Hubab Bin Al-Munzir said, ‘O community of the Helpers! Control should be upon your hands’ – and continued the Hadeeth approximated with what is reported by Ibn Abu Al-Hadeed, from Al-Tabari up to his words: – ‘They stood up to him and pledged allegiance to him, and it was broken up upon Sa’ad Bin Ubada, and upon Al-Khazraj, what they had gathered for of their matter.
ثُمَّ قَالَ قَالَ هِشَامٌ قَالَ أَبُو مِخْنَفٍ وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْخُزَاعِيُّ أَنَّ أَسْلَمَ أَقْبَلَتْ بِجَمَاعَتِهَا حَتَّى تَضَايَقَتْ بِهِمُ السِّكَكُ لِيُبَايِعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَكَانَ عُمَرُ يَقُولُ مَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ رَأَيْتُ أَسْلَمَ فَأَيْقَنْتُ بِالنَّصْرِ
Then he said, ‘Hisham said, ‘Abu Mikhnaf said, and it was narrated to me by Abu Bakr Bin Muhammad Al-Khuzaie, ‘(The clan of) Aslam came with their groups such that the markets were disturbed by them, in order to pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr, and Umar was saying, ‘It was not until I was (the clan of) Aslam, then I was convinced of the victory’.
قَالَ هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِي مِخْنَفٍ قَالَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَأَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ يُبَايِعُونَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ كَادُوا يَطَئُونَ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ فَقَالَ نَاسٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ سَعْدٍ اتَّقُوا سَعْداً لَا تَطَئُوهُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ اقْتُلُوهُ قَتَلَهُ اللَّهُ
Hisham said, from Abu Mikhnaf having said, ‘Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman said, ‘The people came from every side pledging allegiances to Abu bakr, and they almost trampled Sa’ad Bin Ubada. Some people from the companions of Sa’d said. ‘Save Sa’d, don’t let him be trampled!’ Umar Bin Al-Khattab said, ‘Kill him, may Allah-azwj Kill him’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَطَأَكَ حَتَّى تَنْدُرَ عَضُدُكَ فَأَخَذَ قَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ بِلِحْيَةِ عُمَرَ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ حَصْحَصْتَ مِنْهُ شَعْرَةً مَا رَجَعْتَ وَ فِي فِيكَ وَاضِحَةٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَهْلًا يَا عُمَرُ الرِّفْقُ هَاهُنَا أَبْلَغُ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ
Then he stood at his head and said, ‘I had thought of trampling you until your arm is torn off’. Qays Bin Sa’ad grabbed the beard of Umar, then said, ‘By Allah-azwj! If you even prick a hair, you will not return and in your mouth would be clearness’. Abu Bakr said, ‘No, O Umar, the kindness is more reaching over here’. He turned away from him.
وَ قَالَ سَعْدٌ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَرَى مِنْ قُوَّةٍ مَا أَقْوَى عَلَى النُّهُوضِ لَسَمِعْتُمْ مِنِّي بِأَقْطَارِهَا وَ سِكَكِهَا زَئِيراً يَحْجُرُكَ وَ أَصْحَابَكَ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ إِذاً لَأُلْحِقَنَّكَ بِقَوْمٍ كُنْتَ فِيهِمْ تَابِعاً غَيْرَ مَتْبُوعٍ احْمِلُونِي مِنْ هَذَا الْمَكَانِ
And Sa’ad said, ‘But, by Allah-azwj! If I had seen strength what I could be strengthened upon getting up, you would have heard from me up to its horizons and its markets such a roar, rattling you and your companions. But, by Allah-azwj! I will not join with a people I used to be among them, followed not following. Carry me away from this place!’
فَحَمَلُوهُ فَأَدْخَلُوهُ دَارَهُ وَ تُرِكَ أَيَّاماً ثُمَّ بُعِثَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ أَقْبِلْ فَبَايِعْ فَقَدْ بَايَعَ النَّاسُ وَ بَايَعَ قَوْمُكَ
They carried him away and entered him into his house, and he was left for days. Then he (Abu Bakr) sent a message to him, ‘Come, pledge allegiance, for the (other) people have pledged allegiance, and your people have pledged (as well)’.
فَقَالَ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى أَرْمِيَكُمْ بِمَا فِي كِنَانَتِي مِنْ نَبْلٍ وَ أَخْضِبَ مِنْكُمْ سِنَانَ رُمْحِي وَ أَضْرِبَكُمْ بِسَيْفِي مَا مَلَكَتْهُ يَدِي وَ أُقَاتِلَكُمْ بِأَهْلِ بَيْتِي وَ مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي مِنْ قَوْمِي وَ لَا أَفْعَلُ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ الْجِنَّ اجْتَمَعَتْ لَكُمْ مَعَ الْإِنْسِ مَا بَايَعْتُكُمْ حَتَّى أُعْرَضَ عَلَى رَبِّي وَ أَعْلَمَ مَا حِسَابِي
He said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, until I shoot at you with whatever is in my quiver of the arrows, and I dye your teeth with my shooting, and strike you with my sword whatever my hand can possess, and I fight you all by my family members, and the ones from my people who obey me, and I will not do it. And I swear by Allah-azwj! Even if the Jinn were to gather for you all along with the people, I will not pledge allegiance to you until I present to my Lord and know what my Reckoning is’.
فَلَمَّا أُتِيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ لَا تَدَعْهُ حَتَّى يُبَايِعَ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ إِنَّهُ قَدْ لَجَّ وَ أَبَى فَلَيْسَ يُبَايِعُكُمْ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ وَ لَيْسَ بِمَقْتُولٍ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ مَعَهُ وُلْدُهُ وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ وَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ عَشِيرَتِهِ فَلَيْسَ تَرْكُهُ بِضَارِّكُمْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ رَجُلٌ وَاحِدٌ فَتَرَكُوهُ
When they came to Abu Bakr with that, Umar said to him, ‘Do not leave him until he pledges allegiance’. Bashir Bin Sa’ad said to him, ‘He has been vociferous and refuses and will not be pledging allegiance to you until he is killed, and he wouldn’t be killed his son, and his family members, and a group from his clam are killed with him. Thus, leaving him would not be harmful to you. But rather, he is one man, so leave him’.
وَ قَبِلُوا مَشُورَةَ بَشِيرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ وَ اسْتَنْصَحُوهُ لِمَا بَدَا لَهُمْ مِنْهُ وَ كَانَ سَعْدٌ لَا يُصَلِّي بِصَلَاتِهِمْ وَ لَا يَجْمَعُ مَعَهُمْ وَ يَحُجُّ وَ لَا يَحُجُّ مَعَهُمْ وَ يُفِيضُ فَلَا يُفِيضُ مَعَهُمْ بِإِفَاضَتِهِمْ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى هَلَكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ.
And they accepted the consultation of Bashir Bin Sa’d and they heeded his advice of what had appeared to them from him. And Sa’d neither used to pray Salat with their Salats, nor gather with them, nor perform Hajj with their Hajj, and they departed (for Hajj) and he did not depart with them. He did not be to be like that until Abu Bakr died’’.[57] (Non-Shia source)
57 أقول قال السيد رضي الله عنه بعد إيراد هذا الخبر: فهذا الخبر يتضمن من شرح أمر السقيفة ما فيه للناظرين معتبر و يستفيد الواقف عليه أشياء منها خلوه من احتجاج قريش على الأنصار بجعل النبي ص الإمامة فيهم لأنه تضمن من احتجاجهم عليهم ما يخالف ذلك و أنهم إنما ادعوا كونهم أحق بالأمر من حيث كانت النبوة فيهم و من حيث كانوا أقرب إلى النبي ص نسبا و أولهم له اتباعا و منها أن الأمر إنما بني في السقيفة على المغالبة و المخالسة و أن كلا منهم كان يجذبه بما اتفق له و عن حق و باطل و قوي و ضعيف و منها أن سبب ضعف الأنصار و قوة المهاجرين عليهم انحياز بشير بن سعد حسدا لسعد بن عبادة و انحياز الأوس بانحيازه عن الأنصار و منها أن خلاف سعد و أهله و قومه كان باقيا لم يرجعوا عنه و إنما أقعدهم عن الخلاف فيه بالسيف قلة الناصر انتهى كلامه رفع الله مقامه.
(comment)[58]
58- و قال ابن الأثير في الكامل،: لما توفي رسول الله ص اجتمع الأنصار في سقيفة بني ساعدة ليبايعوا سعد بن عبادة فبلغ ذلك أبا بكر فأتاهم و معه عمر و أبو عبيدة بن الجراح فقال ما هذا فقالوا منا أمير و منكم أمير فقال أبو بكر منا الأمراء و منكم الوزراء
And Ibn Al-Aseer in (the book) ‘Al-Kamil’ – When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, the Helpers gathered in the shed of the clan of Saaida in order to pledge allegiance of Sa’ad Bin Ubada. That reached Abu Bakr, and he came to them, and with him were Umar and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al-Jaffah. He said, ‘What is this?’ They said, ‘There should be a ruler from us and a ruler from you’. Abu Bakr said, ‘From us should be the rulers and from you the minsters’.
ثم قال أبو بكر قد رضيت لكم أحد هذين الرجلين عمر و أبو عبيدة أمين هذه الأمة فقال عمر أيكم يطيب نفسه أن يُخَلِّفَ قَدَمَيْنِ قَدَّمَهُمَا النبيُّ ص فبايعه عمر و بايعه الناس فقالت الأنصار أو بعضهم لا نبايع إلا عليا
Then Abu Bakr said, ‘I agree to you with one of these two men – Umar and Abu Ubeyda, trustee of this community’. Umar said, ‘Whichever of you is good himself that he be a replacement, advance the one the Prophet-saww advance’. So Umar pledge allegiance to him (Abu Bakr) and the people pledged. The Helpers, or some of them said, ‘We will not pledge allegiance to except Ali-asws’.
قال و تخلف عليٌّ و بنو هاشم و الزبير و طلحة عن البيعة قال الزبير لا أغمد سيفي حتى يبايع عليٌّ فقال عمر خذوا سيفه و اضربوا به الحجر ثم أتاهم عمر فأخذهم للبيعة ثم ذكر ما مر من قصة أبي سفيان و العباس-.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Ali-asws, and the Clan of Hashim-asws, and Al-Zubeyr, and Talha stayed behind from the allegiance. Al-Zubeyr said, ‘I will not sheathe my sword until Ali-asws is pledged allegiance to’. Umar said, ‘Seize his sword and strike the rock with it’. Then Umar came to them and seized them for the allegiance’. Then he mentioned what has passed from the story of Abu Sufyan and Al-Abbas.
ثُمَّ رَوَى عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ حَدِيثاً طَوِيلًا وَ سَاقَهُ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ- لَمَّا رَجَعَ عُمَرُ مِنَ الْحَجِّ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ جَلَسَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ وَ قَالَ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ قَائِلًا مِنْكُمْ يَقُولُ لَوْ مَاتَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بَايَعْتُ فُلَاناً فَلَا يَغُرَّنَّ امْرَأً أَنْ يَقُولَ إِنَّ بَيْعَةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ كَانَتْ فَلْتَةً فَقَدْ كَانَتْ كَذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ وَقَى شَرَّهَا
Then, a lengthy Hadeeth is reported from Ibn Abbas, from Abdul Rahman Bin Awf, and he continued it up to he said, ‘When Umar returned from the Hajj to Al-Medina, he sat upon the pulpit and said, ‘It has reached me that there is a speaker from you saying, ‘If the amir al-momineen (Umar) were to die, he will pledge allegiance to so and so’. Do not be deceived by a man if he says that the allegiance pledged to Abu Bakr was a slip. It has been like that but Allah-azwj Saved us from its evil.
وَ لَيْسَ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ تَقَطَّعُ إِلَيْهِ الْأَعْنَاقُ مِثْلَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ إِنَّهُ كَانَ حَرِيّاً حِينَ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع وَ الزُّبَيْرَ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُمَا تَخَلَّفُوا عَنَّا فِي بَيْتِ فَاطِمَةَ ع وَ تَخَلَّفَ عَنَّا الْأَنْصَارُ وَ اجْتَمَعَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ سَاقَ قِصَّةَ السَّقِيفَةِ نَحْواً مِمَّا مَرّ.
And there isn’t anyone from your necks are cut to him like Abu Bakr, and he was appropriate when Rasool-Allah-saww expired, and that Ali-asws and Al-Zubeyr, and the ones with them had stayed back from us in the house of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Helpers stayed back from us, and the Emigrants gathered to Abu Bakr’ – and he continued the story of Al-Saqeefa approximate to what has passed’.
ثُمَّ رَوَى عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ مِثْلَ مَا أَخْرَجْنَاهُ مِنْ تَلْخِيصِ الشَّافِي وَ سَاقَ الْكَلَامَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُ بَقِيَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ لَمْ يُبَايِعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع فَبَايَعُوهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ مِنْ بَيْعَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ جَلَسَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ وَ بَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ بَيْعَةً عَامَّةً انْتَهَى.
Then it is reported from Abu Amra Al-Ansari, similar to what I brought from the summarisation of Al-Shaqy, and he continued the speech up to he said, ‘And Al-Zuhry said, ‘There remain Ali-asws, and the clan of Hashim-asws, and Al-Zubeyr, for six months, not pledging allegiance to Abu Bakr, until (Syeda) Fatima-asws passed away. Then they pledged allegiance to him. When it was the next morning from the allegiance, Abu Bakr sat on the pulpit and the people pledged allegiance to him a general allegiance’’. [59] (Non-Shia source)
59- وَ قَالَ الْعَلَّامَةُ قُدِّسَ سِرُّهُ فِي كِتَابِ كَشْفِ الْحَقِّ، رَوَى الطَّبَرِيُّ فِي تَارِيخِهِ قَالَ: أَتَى عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ مَنْزِلَ عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ لَأُحْرِقَنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ أَوْ لَتَخْرُجُنَ لِلْبَيْعَةِ.
The Allama said in the book ‘Kashf Al-Haq’ – it is reported by Al-Tabari in his history, said, ‘Umar Bin Al-Khattab came to the house of Ali-asws and said, ‘By Allah-azwj! I will burn it down upon you-asws all, or you-asws come out to for the allegiance!’’
وَ رَوَى الْوَاقِدِيُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ جَاءَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فِي عِصَابَةٍ فِيهِمْ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ فَقَالَ اخْرُجُوا أَوْ لَنُحْرِقَنَّهَا عَلَيْكُمْ.
And it is reported by Al-Waqidi (Wahabi imam), ‘Umar Bin Al Khattab came to Ali-asws among a group, among them was Useyd Bin Huzar, and Salama Bin Aslam. He said, ‘Either come out or we shall burn it down upon you!’’
وَ رَوَى ابْنُ خِنْزَابَةَ فِي غُرَرِهِ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ- كُنْتُ مِمَّنْ حَمَلَ الْحَطَبَ مَعَ عُمَرَ إِلَى بَابِ فَاطِمَةَ ع حِينَ امْتَنَعَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ أَصْحَابُهُ عَنِ الْبَيْعَةِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِفَاطِمَةَ أَخْرِجِي مَنْ فِي الْبَيْتِ أَوْ لَأُحْرِقَنَّهُ وَ مَنْ فِيهِ
And it is reported by Ibn Jinzaba in (the book) ‘Gurar’ – Zayd Bin Aslam said, ‘I was from the ones who carried the firewood along with Umar to the door of (Syeda) Fatima-asws when Ali-asws and his-asws companions had refused from pledging the allegiance. Umar said to (Syeda) Fatima-asws, ‘Bring out the ones in the house or I will burn it down and the ones in it!’
قَالَ وَ فِي الْبَيْتِ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع وَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع أَ تُحْرِقُ عَلِيّاً وَ وُلْدِي قَالَ إِي وَ اللَّهِ أَوْ لَيَخْرُجَنَّ وَ لَيُبَايِعَنَ.
He said, ‘And in the house were Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and a group from companions of the Prophet-saww. (Syeda) Fatima-asws said: ‘Will you burn down Ali-asws and my-asws children-asws?’ He said, ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj, or they come out and pledge allegiance’’.
وَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ وَ هُوَ مِنْ أَعْيَانِهِمْ- فَأَمَّا عَلِيٌّ ع وَ الْعَبَّاسُ فَقَعَدَا فِي بَيْتِ فَاطِمَةَ ع وَ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ إِنْ أَبَيَا فَقَاتِلْهُمَا فَأَقْبَلَ بِقَبَسٍ مِنْ نَارٍ عَلَى أَنْ يُضْرِمَ عَلَيْهِمَا النَّارَ فَلَقِيَتْهُ فَاطِمَةُ ع فَقَالَتْ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أَ جِئْتَ لِتُحْرِقَ دَارَنَا قَالَ نَعَمْ-.
And Ibn Abd Rabbih said, and he is from their supporters, ‘As for Ali-asws and Al-Abbas, they both sat back in the house of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Abu Bakr said to Umar Bin Al-Khattab, ‘If they refuse, kill them!’ He came with a firebrand of fire to ignite the fire upon them. (Syeda) Fatima-asws faced them and she-asws said: ‘O Ibn Al-Khattab! Have you come to burn down our-asws house?’ He said, ‘Yes’’.[60] (Non-Shia source)
60- وَ رَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ فِي شَرْحِ نَهْجِ الْبَلَاغَةِ فِي أَوَّلِ الْمُجَلَّدِ السَّادِسِ مِنْ كِتَابِ السَّقِيفَةِ لِأَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص لَمَّا قُبِضَ اجْتَمَعَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ قُبِضَ فَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ لِابْنِهِ قَيْسٍ أَوْ لِبَعْضِ بَنِيهِ إِنِّي لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أُسْمِعَ النَّاسَ كَلَامِي لِمَرَضِي وَ لَكِنْ تَلَقَّ مِنِّي قَوْلِي فَأَسْمِعْهُمْ فَكَانَ سَعْدٌ يَتَكَلَّمُ وَ يَسْمَعُ ابْنُهُ يَرْفَعُ بِهِ صَوْتَهُ لِيُسْمِعَ قَوْمَهُ فَكَانَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ بَعْدَ حَمْدِ اللَّهِ وَ الثَّنَاءِ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ قَالَ.
And it is reported by Ibn Abi Al Hadeed in commentary of (the book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’ in the beginning of the sixth volume, from the book of Saqeefa of Ahmad Bin Abdul Aziz Al Jowhari, from Ahmad Bin Is’haq, from Ahmad Bin Sayyar, from Saeed Bin Kaseer Al Ansari,
‘When the Prophet-saww passed away, the Helpers gathered in the shed of the clan of Saaida and they said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww has passed away!’ Sa’ad Bin Ubada said to his son Qays, or to one of his sons, ‘I am not able to get the people to hear my speech due to my illness, but speak my words from me and make them hear’. So, Sa’ad was speaking and his son relayed it raising his voice in order to his people to her. It was from his words after having praised Allah-azwj and the extollation upon Him-azwj, that he said –
إِنَّ لَكُمْ سَابِقَةً إِلَى الدِّينِ وَ فَضِيلَةً فِي الْإِسْلَامِ لَيْسَتْ لِقَبِيلَةٍ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَبِثَ فِي قَوْمِهِ بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى عِبَادَةِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَ خَلْعِ الْأَوْثَانِ فَمَا آمَنَ بِهِ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ إِلَّا قَلِيلٌ
‘For you (Helpers) there is precedence to the Religion and a merit in Al-Islam. What isn’t for any tribe from the Arabs. Rasool-Allah-saww remained among his-saww people for some ten years calling them to worship the Beneficent, and leave the idols. No one from his-asws people believed except a few.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانُوا يَقْدِرُونَ أَنْ يَمْنَعُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَا يُعِزُّوا دِينَهُ وَ لَا يَدْفَعُوا عَنْهُ عَدَاهُ حَتَّى أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِكُمْ خَيْرَ الْفَضِيلَةِ وَ سَاقَ إِلَيْكُمُ الْكَرَامَةَ وَ خَصَّكُمْ بِدِينِهِ وَ رَزَقَكُمُ الْإِيمَانَ بِهِ وَ بِرَسُولِهِ وَ الْإِعْزَازَ لِدِينِهِ وَ الْجِهَادَ لِأَعْدَائِهِ
By Allah-azwj! They were neither able upon preventing Rasool-Allah-saww nor strengthen his-saww Religion, nor repel his-saww enemies from him-saww until Allah-azwj Wanted the good merit for you, and Ushered the honour to you, and Specialised you with His-azwj Religion, and Graced you the Eman with Him-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the strengthening of His-azwj Religion, and the fighting against his-saww enemies.
فَكُنْتُمْ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ عَلَى مَنْ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُ مِنْكُمْ وَ أَثْقَلَهُمْ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ حَتَّى اسْتَقَامُوا لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ طَوْعاً وَ كَرْهاً وَ أَعْطَى الْبَعِيدُ الْمَقَادَةَ بِأَسْيَافِكُمْ صَاغِراً دَاحِضاً حَتَّى أَنْجَزَ اللَّهُ لِنَبِيِّكُمُ الْوَعْدَ وَ دَانَتْ لِأَسْيَافِكُمُ الْعَرَبُ
So you were the severed of the people upon the ones who stayed behind from him-saww, and heaviest upon his-saww enemies than others, until they stood to the Command of Allah-azwj willingly and unwillingly, and gave to the remote, the taste of your swords, becoming belittled, humiliated, until Allah-azwj Fulfilled the Promise for your Prophet-saww, and the Arabs had a religion due to your swords.
ثُمَّ تَوَفَّاهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ عَنْكُمْ رَاضٍ وَ بِكُمْ قَرِيرُ الْعَيْنِ فَشُدُّوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ فَإِنَّكُمْ أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ وَ أَوْلَاهُمْ بِهِ.
Then Allah-azwj Caused him-saww to pass away to Him-azwj, and he-saww was pleased from you and with you the eyes were delighted, therefore strengthened your hand with this command, for you are more rightful of the people and foremost with it’’.
فَأَجَابُوا جَمِيعاً أَنْ وُفِّقْتَ فِي الرَّأْيِ وَ أَصَبْتَ فِي الْقَوْلِ وَ لَنْ نَعْدُوَ مَا أَمَرْتَ نُوَلِّيكَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فَأَنْتَ لَنَا مَقْنَعٌ وَ لِصَالِحِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رِضًى.
They all answered: ‘We are concordant in the view and correct in the words, and we will never leave what you are instructing. We will make you in charge of this command, for you are a covering for you, and pleased for the interests of the Momineen’.
ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ تَرَادُّوا الْكَلَامَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَقَالُوا إِنْ أَبَتْ مُهَاجِرُو قُرَيْشٍ فَقَالُوا نَحْنُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص الْأَوَّلُونَ وَ نَحْنُ عَشِيرَتُهُ وَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ فَعَلَامَ تُنَازِعُونَّا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ.
Then they turned the speech between them and they said, ‘If the Emigrants of Quraysh refuse and they said, ‘We are the Emigrants and the first companions of Rasool-Allah-saww, and we are his-saww clan, and his-saww friends. So, upon what are you disputing with us of this command from after him-saww?’
فَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ إِذاً نَقُولَ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ لَنْ نَرْضَى بِدُونِ هَذَا أَبَداً لَنَا فِي الْإِيوَاءِ وَ النُّصْرَةِ مَا لَهُمْ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ وَ لَنَا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ مَا لَهُمْ فَلَيْسُوا يَعُدُّونَ شَيْئاً إِلَّا وَ نَعُدُّ مِثْلَهُ وَ لَيْسَ مِنْ رَأْيِنَا الِاسْتِيثَارُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَمِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْهُمْ أَمِيرٌ.
A group from them said, ‘The we shall say, ‘There should be a ruler from us and a ruler from you. We will not be pleased with less than this, ever!’ For us there is regarding the sheltering and the helping what is for them regarding the emigration, and there is for us in the Book of Allah-azwj what is not for them. Thus, they cannot count anything except and we can count the like of it, and there isn’t from our opinion the preference upon them, then from us should be a ruler, and from them, a ruler’.
فَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ هَذَا أَوَّلُ الْوَهْنِ.
Sa’ad Bin Ubada said, ‘This is the first weakness’.
وَ أَتَى الْخَبَرُ عُمَرَ فَأَتَى مَنْزِلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَوَجَدَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فِي الدَّارِ وَ عَلِيّاً فِي جَهَازِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ كَانَ الَّذِي أَتَاهُ بِالْخَبَرِ مَعْنَ بْنَ عَدِيٍّ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ عُمَرَ وَ قَالَ قُمْ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنِّي عَنْكَ مَشْغُولٌ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ قِيَامٍ فَقَامَ مَعَهُ
And the news came to Umar, so he came to the house of Rasool-Allah-saww and found Abu Bakr in the house, and Ali-asws was (busy) in preparing the funeral Rasool-Allah-saww, and the first one who came to him with the news Ma’an Bin Aday. He grabbed the hand of Umar and said, ‘Arise!’ Umar said, ‘I am too busy from you’. He said, ‘There is no escape from standing’. So he stood with him.
فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ هَذَا الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَدِ اجْتَمَعُوا فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ مَعَهُمْ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ يَدُورُونَ حَوْلَهُ أَنْتَ الْمُرَجَّى وَ نَجْلُكَ الْمُرَجَّى وَ ثَمَّ أُنَاسٌ مِنْ أَشْرَافِهِمْ وَ قَدْ خَشِيتُ الْفِتْنَةَ فَانْظُرْ يَا عُمَرُ مَا ذَا تَرَى وَ اذْكُرْ لِإِخْوَتِكَ وَ احْتَالُوا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ فَإِنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى بَابِ فِتْنَةٍ قَدْ فُتِحَ السَّاعَةَ إِلَّا أَنْ يُغْلِقَهُ اللَّهُ.
He said to him, ‘This tribe from the Helpers have gather in the shed of the clan of Saaida, with them is Sa’ad Bin Ubada circling around him. You are the hopeful, and your offspring is the hopeful, and then people from their nobles, and I have feared the Fitna, so look, O Umar, what is that you see, and mentioned to your brothers, and let them wrangle for themselves, for I am looking at a door of Fitna to have opened at the moment, unless Allah-azwj Locks it’.
فَفَزِعَ عُمَرُ أَشَدَّ الْفَزَعِ حَتَّى أَتَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ قُمْ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِنِّي عَنْكَ مَشْغُولٌ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ قِيَامٍ وَ سَنَرْجِعُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَقَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَعَ عُمَرَ فَحَدَّثَهُ الْحَدِيثَ
Umar was alarmed with severe alarm until he went to Abu Bakr and grabbed his hand and said, ‘Stand up’. Abu Bakr said, ‘I am too busy from you’. Umar said, ‘There is no escape from standing and if Allah-azwj so Desires, we shall return’. Abu Bakr stood with Umar, and he narrated the event to him.
فَفَزِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَشَدَّ الْفَزَعِ وَ خَرَجَا مُسْرِعَيْنِ إِلَى سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ وَ فِيهَا رِجَالٌ مِنْ أَشْرَافِ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ مَعَهُمْ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ وَ هُوَ مَرِيضٌ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ فَأَرَادَ عُمَرُ أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ وَ يَمْهَدَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ قَالَ خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَقْصُرَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ الْكَلَامِ فَلَمَّا ابْتَدَأَ عُمَرُ كَفَّهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ قَالَ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ فَتَلَقَّ الْكَلَامَ ثُمَّ تَكَلَّمْ بَعْدَ كَلَامِي بِمَا بَدَا لَكَ
Abu Bakr was alarmed with intense alarm and they both went out hurriedly to the shed of the clan of Saaida, and therein were men from the nobles of the Helpers, and with them was Sa’ad Bin Ubada in their midst, and he was ill. Umar intended to speak and praise Abu Bakr and said, ‘I feared that Abu Bakr might be deficient from past of the speech. When Umar began, Abu Bakr refrained him and said, ‘Upon your message, so leave the speech, then you can speak after my speech with whatever comes to you’.
فَتَشَهَّدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً بِالْهُدَى وَ دِينِ الْحَقِّ فَدَعَا إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَأَخَذَ اللَّهُ بِقُلُوبِنَا وَ نَوَاصِينَا إِلَى مَا دَعَانَا إِلَيْهِ وَ كُنَّا مَعَاشِرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ إِسْلَاماً وَ النَّاسُ لَنَا فِي ذَلِكَ تَبَعٌ وَ نَحْنُ عَشِيرَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَوْسَطُ الْعَرَبِ أَنْسَاباً لَيْسَ مِنْ قَبَائِلِ الْعَرَبِ قَبِيلَةٌ إِلَّا وَ لِقُرَيْشٍ فِيهَا وِلَادَةٌ
Abu Bakr testified, then said, ‘Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Praise, Sent Muhammad-saww with the guidance and Religion of the truth. He-saww called to Al-Islam and Allah-azwj Seized our hearts and our forelocks to what he-saww had called us to, and we are the community of Emigrants, foremost of the people in professing Islam, and the people followed us in that, and we are the clan of Rasool-Allah-saww, and most extensive of the Arabs in lineage. There isn’t any tribe of the Arabs except and there is a birth for it for Quraysh.
وَ أَنْتُمْ أَنْصَارُ اللَّهِ وَ أَنْتُمْ نَصَرْتُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ وُزَرَاءُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ إِخْوَانُنَا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ شُرَكَاؤُنَا فِي الدِّينِ وَ فِيمَا كُنَّا فِيهِ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَأَنْتُمْ أَحَبُّ النَّاسِ إِلَيْنَا وَ أَكْرَمُهُمْ عَلَيْنَا وَ أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ بِالرِّضَا بِقَضَاءِ اللَّهِ وَ التَّسْلِيمِ لِمَا سَاقَ اللَّهُ إِلَى إِخْوَانِكُمْ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ أَنْ لَا تَحْسُدُوهُمْ
And you are helpers of Allah-azwj, and you helped Rasool-Allah-azwj, then you are ministers of Rasool-Allah-saww and our brothers in the Book of Allah-azwj, and our partners in the Religion and in what we used to be in from the goodness. You are the most beloved of the people to us and their most honourable to us, and the most rightful of the people with the pleasure with the Decree of Allah-azwj and the submitters to what Allah-azwj Ushered to your brothers from the Emigrants, and most rightful of the people not to envy them.
فَأَنْتُمُ الْمُؤْثِرُونَ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ حِينَ الْخَصَاصَةِ وَ أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ أَنْ لَا يَكُونَ انْتِقَاضُ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ اخْتِلَاطُهُ عَلَى أَيْدِيكُمْ وَ أَنَا أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ وَ عُمَرَ فَكِلَاهُمَا قَدْ رَضِيتُ لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ كِلَاهُمَا أَرَاهُ لَهُ أَهْلًا.
Thus, you are the ones preferred upon yourselves where the specialisation is, and most rightful of the people not to become pouncing upon this command, and mingling it upon your hands, and I am calling you to Abu Ubeyda and Umar, both of them have agreed for this command, and both of them I see to be rightful for it’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ مَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ أَنْ يَكُونَ فَوْقَكَ أَنْتَ صَاحِبُ الْغَارِ ثانِيَ اثْنَيْنِ وَ أَمَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِالصَّلَاةِ فَأَنْتَ أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ
Umar and Abu Ubeyda said, ‘It is not befitting for anyone from the people that he happens to be above you (Abu Bakr). You are the companion in the cave, being the second of the two [9:40], and Rasool-Allah-saww had instructed you with (leading) the Salat, so you are most rightful of the people with this command’.
فَقَالَ الْأَنْصَارُ وَ اللَّهِ مَا نَحْسُدُكُمْ عَلَى خَيْرٍ سَاقَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكُمْ وَ لَا أَحَدَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْنَا وَ لَا أَرْضَى عِنْدَنَا مِنْكُمْ وَ لَكِنَّا نُشْفِقُ مِمَّا بَعْدَ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ وَ نَحْذَرُ أَنْ يَغْلِبَ عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ مَنْ لَيْسَ مِنَّا وَ لَا مِنْكُمْ
The Helpers said, ‘By Allah-azwj! We are not envying you upon good which Allah-azwj has Ushered towards you, nor is anyone more beloved to us, nor more pleasing in our presence that you are, but we fear from after this day, and are cautious that he would overcome upon this command, one who is neither from us nor from you.
فَلَوْ جَعَلْتُمُ الْيَوْمَ رَجُلًا مِنْكُمْ بَايَعْنَا وَ رَضِينَا عَلَى أَنَّهُ إِذَا هَلَكَ اخْتَرْنَا وَاحِداً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَإِذَا هَلَكَ كَانَ آخَرُ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ أَبَداً مَا بَقِيَتْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةُ كَانَ ذَلِكَ أَجْدَرَ أَنْ يُعْدَلَ فِي أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص
So, if today you could make a man from you we can pledge allegiance to, and we shall be pleased upon that when he dies, we shall choose one from the Helpers. So, when he dies, then another one from the Emigrants, (and so on) forever, for as long as this community remains. That would be better and more just regarding the community of Muhammad-saww’.
فَيُشْفِقَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ أَنْ يَزِيغَ فَيَقْبِضَ عَلَيْهِ الْقُرَشِيُّ وَ يُشْفِقَ الْقُرَشِيُّ أَنْ يَزِيغَ فَيَقْبِضَ عَلَيْهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا بُعِثَ عَظُمَ عَلَى الْعَرَبِ أَنْ يَتْرُكُوا دِيْنَ آبَائِهِمْ فَخَالَفُوهُ وَ شَاقُّوهُ وَ خَصَّ اللَّهُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ بِتَصْدِيقِهِ وَ الْإِيمَانِ بِهِ وَ الْمُوَاسَاةِ لَهُ وَ الصَّبْرِ مَعَهُ عَلَى شِدَّةِ أَذَى قَوْمِهِ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَوْحِشُوا لِكَثْرَةِ عَدُوِّهِمْ
The Helper feared that the Qureyshi would capture upon it, and the Qureyshi feared that the Helper would capture upon it. So, Abu Bakr stood up and said, ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww sent the great Messaged to the Arabs that they should leave the religion of their forefathers, so they opposed him-saww and burdened him-saww, and Allah-azwj Specialised the first Emigrants with ratifying him-saww, and the belief in him-saww, and the consoling to him-asws, and the patience with him-saww upon severe harm of his-saww people, and he-saww was not lonely due to the large numbers of their enemies.
فَهُمْ أَوَّلُ مَنْ عَبَدَ اللَّهَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ هُمْ أَوَّلُ مَنْ آمَنَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ هُمْ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ وَ عِتْرَتُهُ وَ أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ بِالْأَمْرِ بَعْدَهُ لَا يُنَازِعُهُمْ فِيهِ إِلَّا ظَالِمٌ وَ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ بَعْدَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ يُعَدُّ فَضْلًا وَ قَدَماً فِي الْإِسْلَامِ مِثْلَكُمْ فَنَحْنُ الْأُمَرَاءُ وَ أَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ لَا نَفْتَاتُ دُونَكُمْ بِمَشُورَةٍ وَ لَا نَقْضِي دُونَكُمُ الْأُمُورَ.
So they were the first ones to worship Allah-azwj in the earth, and they are the first ones to believe in Rasool-Allah-saww, and there are his-saww friends, and his-saww family, and most rightful of the people with the command after him-saww. No one will dispute them regarding it except an unjust one, and there isn’t anyone after the Emigrants who can count merits, and precedence in Al-Islam like you can. Thus, we are the rulers, and you are the ministers. We will not issue verdicts without consulting you, nor will we judge the matters without you all’.
فَقَامَ الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ بْنِ الْجَمُوحِ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ امْلِكُوا عَلَيْكُمْ أَيْدِيَكُمْ إِنَّمَا النَّاسُ فِي فَيْئِكُمْ وَ ظِلِّكُمْ وَ لَنْ يَجْتَرِئَ مُجْتَرِئٌ عَلَى خِلَافِكُمْ وَ لَا يَصْدُرُ النَّاسُ إِلَّا عَنْ أَمْرِكُمْ أَنْتُمْ أَهْلُ الْإِيوَاءِ وَ النُّصْرَةِ وَ إِلَيْكُمْ كَانَتِ الْهِجْرَةُ وَ أَنْتُمْ أَصْحَابُ الدَّارِ وَ الْإِيمَانِ
Al-Hubab Bin Al-Munzar Bin Al-Jamouh stood up and said, ‘O community of the Helpers! Make your hands to rule upon you! But rather the people should be in your shade and your shadow, and no one would be brave enough to oppose you nor should the people implement matters except from your matters. You are the people of the sheltering, and the helping, and to you was the emigration, and you are the owners of the house, and the Eman.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا عُبِدَ اللَّهُ عَلَانِيَةً إِلَّا عِنْدَكُمْ وَ فِي بِلَادِكُمْ وَ لَا جُمِعَتِ الصَّلَاةُ إِلَّا فِي مَسَاجِدِكُمْ وَ لَا عُرِفَ الْإِيمَانُ إِلَّا مِنْ أَسْيَافِكُمْ فَامْلِكُوا عَلَيْكُمْ أَمْرَكُمْ فَإِنْ أَبَى هَؤُلَاءِ إِلَّا مَا سَمِعْتُمْ فَمِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْهُمْ أَمِيرٌ.
By Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj has not been worshipped openly except in your presence, and in your city, nor a congregational Salat except in your Masjids, nor is the Eman recognise except from your swords. So take control of your matters upon you. If they refuse except what you have heard, then from us should be a ruler, and from them a ruler’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرٌ هَيْهَاتَ لَا يَجْتَمِعُ سَيْفَانِ فِي غِمْدٍ إِنَّ الْعَرَبَ لَا تَرْضَى أَنْ تُؤَمِّرَكُمْ وَ نَبِيُّهَا مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ وَ لَيْسَ تَمْتَنِعُ الْعَرَبُ أَنْ تُوَلِّيَ أَمْرَهَا مَنْ كَانَتِ النُّبُوَّةُ فِيهِمْ وَ أَوَّلُ الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَنَا بِذَلِكَ الْحُجَّةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ عَلَى مَنْ خَالَفَنَا وَ السُّلْطَانُ الْمُبِينُ عَلَى مَنْ نَازَعَنَا
Umar said, ‘Far be it! Two swords cannot gather in one sheath. The Arabs will not agree to make you the rulers and their Prophet-saww is from others, and the Arabs will not refuse for their affairs to be ruled by ones the Prophet-hood was among them, and the first of the commands from them is for us due to that apparent argument against the ones who oppose us, and the clear authorisation against the ones who dispute us.
مَنْ ذَا يُخَاصِمُنَا فِي سُلْطَانِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مِيرَاثِهِ وَ نَحْنُ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ وَ عَشِيرَتُهُ إِلَّا مُدْلٍ بِبَاطِلٍ أَوْ مُتَجَانِفٌ لِإِثْمٍ أَوْ مُتَوَرِّطٌ فِي هَلَكَةٍ.
Who is that who would dispute us regarding the authority of Muhammad-saww, and his-saww inheritance, and we are his-saww friends, and his-saww clan, except one pointing with the falsehood, or congruent with the sin, or one embroiled in destruction’.
فَقَامَ الْحُبَابُ وَ قَالَ يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْصَارِ لَا تَسْمَعُوا مَقَالَةَ هَذَا وَ أَصْحَابِهِ فَيَذْهَبُوا بِنَصِيبِكُمْ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ فَإِنْ أَبَوْا عَلَيْكُمْ مَا أَعْطَيْتُمُوهُمْ فَأَجْلُوهُمْ عَنْ بِلَادِكُمْ وَ تَوَلَّوْا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَنْتُمْ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ إِنَّهُ دَانَ لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ بِأَسْيَافِكُمْ
Al-Hubab got up and said, ‘O community of the Helpers! Do not listen to the words of this one and his companions, for they will go away with your share from the command. If they refuse upon you what you are giving them, then exile them from your city, and take charge of this command upon them, for you are foremost of the people with this command. Surely this command has come by your swords.
مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَدِينُ لَهُ أَنَا جُذَيْلُهَا الْمُحَكَّكُ وَ عُذَيْقُهَا الْمُرَجَّبُ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ لَنُعِيدَنَّهَا جَذَعَةً وَ اللَّهِ لَا يَرُدُّ أَحَدٌ عَلَيَّ مَا أَقُولُ إِلَّا حَطَمْتُ أَنْفَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ.
One who does not happens to profess to it, I will encourage its criterion, and make it taste the hope. If you like, we can return it as ‘Jaz’a’ (after four years). By Allah-azwj! No one will return upon me what I am saying except I will smash his nose with the sword!’
قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ الْخَزْرَجِيُّ مَا اجْتَمَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْأَنْصَارُ مِنْ أَمْرِ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ وَ كَانَ حَاسِداً لَهُ وَ كَانَ مِنْ سَادَةِ الْخَزْرَجِ قَامَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا الْأَنْصَارُ إِنَّا وَ إِنْ كُنَّا ذَوِي سَابِقَةٍ فَإِنَّا لَمْ نُرِدْ بِجِهَادِنَا وَ إِسْلَامِنَا إِلَّا رِضَى رَبِّنَا وَ طَاعَةَ نَبِيِّنَا
He said, ‘When Bashir Bin Sa’ad Al-Khazraji saw what the Helpers had united upon, from the matter of Sa’ad Bin ubada, and he was jealous to him, and he was from the chiefs of Al-Khazraj, he stood up and said, ‘O you Helpers! We, and even though we are with precedence, we do not want our fight and our Islam to be except for Pleasure of our Lord-azwj and obedience of our Prophet-saww.
وَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لَنَا أَنْ نَسْتَظْهِرَ بِذَلِكَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَ لَا نَبْتَغِي بِهِ عِوَضاً مِنَ الدُّنْيَا إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَ قَوْمُهُ أَحَقُّ بِمِيرَاثِ أَمْرِهِ وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَا يَرَانِي اللَّهُ أُنَازِعُهُمْ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ لَا تُنَازِعُوهُمْ وَ لَا تُخَالِفُوهُمْ.
And it is not befitting for us what we prevail with that upon the people and we do not seek any compensation with it from the world. Muhammad-saww was a man from Quraysh, and his-saww people are more rightful with inheriting his-saww command. And I swear by Allah-azwj! May Allah-azwj no Show me disputing them of this command, therefore fear Allah-azwj and do not dispute them nor oppose them’.
فَقَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ قَالَ هَذَا عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بَايِعُوا أَيَّهُمَا شِئْتُمْ فَقَالا وَ اللَّهِ لَا نَتَوَلَّى هَذَا الْأَمْرَ عَلَيْكَ وَ أَنْتَ أَفْضَلُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ ثَانِي اثْنَيْنِ وَ خَلِيفَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَ الصَّلَاةُ أَفْضَلُ الدِّينِ ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ نُبَايِعْكَ
Abu Bakr stood up and said, ‘This is Umar and Abu Ubeyda! Pledge allegiance to whichever of the two you desire to’. They both said, ‘By Allah-azwj! We will not take charge of this command upon you, and you are the most superior of the Emigrants, and second of the two (in the cave), and a replacement of Rasool-Allah-saww upon the Salat, and the Salat is the most superior of the Religion. Extend your hand, we shall pledge allegiance to you!’
فَلَمَّا بَسَطَ يَدَهُ وَ ذَهَبَا يُبَايِعَانِهِ سَبَقَهُمَا إِلَيْهِ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ فَبَايَعَهُ.
When he extended his hand and they went to pledge their allegiances, Bashir Bin Sa’ad beat them to it and pledged.
فَنَادَاهُ الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ يَا بَشِيرُ عَقَّتْكَ عِقَاقٌ وَ اللَّهِ مَا اضْطَرَّكَ إِلَى هَذَا إِلَّا الْحَسَدُ لِابْنِ عَمِّكَ
Al-Hubab Bin Al-Munzir called out to him, ‘O Bashir! Detach your bitterness. By Allah-azwj! You are not desperate to this except for the envy for the son of your uncle’.
فَلَمَّا رَأَتِ الْأَوْسُ أَنَّ رَئِيساً مِنْ رُؤَسَاءِ الْخَزْرَجِ قَدْ بَايَعَ قَامَ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَ هُوَ رَئِيسُ الْأَوْسِ فَبَايَعَ حَسَداً لِسَعْدٍ أَيْضاً وَ مُنَافَسَةً لَهُ أَنْ يَلِيَ الْأَمْرَ فَبَايَعَتِ الْأَوْسُ كُلُّهَا لَمَّا بَايَعَ أُسَيْدٌ.
When Al-Aws saw that a chief from the chiefs of Al-Khazrah had pledged allegiance, Ased Bin Huzeyr stood up, and he was a chief of Al -Aws, and he pledged out of envy for Sa’ad as well, and rivalry to him to be in charge of the command. So, Al-Aws, all of them pledged allegiance when Aseyd had pledged.
وَ حُمِلَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ وَ هُوَ مَرِيضٌ فَأُدْخِلَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَامْتَنَعَ مِنَ الْبَيْعَةِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ فِيمَا بَعْدَهُ وَ أَرَادَ عُمَرُ أَنْ يُكْرِهَهُ عَلَيْهَا فَأُشِيرَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ وَ أَنَّهُ لَا يُبَايِعُ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ وَ أَنَّهُ لَا يُقْتَلُ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ أَهْلُهُ وَ لَا يُقْتَلُ أَهْلُهُ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ الْخَزْرَجُ كُلُّهَا وَ إِنْ حُورِبَتِ الْخَزْرَجُ كَانَتِ الْأَوْسُ مَعَهَا وَ فَسَدَ الْأَمْرُ
And Sa’ad Bin Ubada was carried away, and he was ill, and entered into his house, and he refused from the allegiance during that day, and during what was after it, and Umar wanted to force him upon it, and he gestured to him not to do so, and he will not pledge until he is killed, and he will not be killed until his family is killed, and his family would not be killed until Al-Khazraj would be killed, all of them, and if Al-Khazraj go to war, Al-Aws would be with them, and the matter would be spoilt.
فَتَرَكُوهُ فَكَانَ لَا يُصَلِّي بِصَلَاتِهِمْ وَ لَا يُجَمِّعُ بِجَمَاعَتِهِمْ وَ لَا يَقْضِي بِقَضَائِهِمْ وَ لَوْ وَجَدَ أَعْوَاناً لَضَارَبَهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى مَاتَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ
So they left him. He neither used to pray with their Salat, nor gather with their group, nor fulfil any needs with the, and if he had found supporters he would have struck them. And he did not cease to be like that until Abu Bakr died.
ثُمَّ لَقِيَ عُمَرَ فِي خِلَافَتِهِ وَ هُوَ عَلَى فَرَسٍ وَ عُمَرُ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ هَيْهَاتَ يَا سَعْدُ فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ هَيْهَاتَ يَا عُمَرُ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ صَاحِبُ مَنْ أَنْتَ صَاحِبُهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَنَا ذَاكَ
Then he met Umar during his caliphate, and he was upon a horse and Umar was upon a camel. Umar said to him, ‘Far be it, O Sa’ad!’ Sa’ad said, ‘Far be it, O Umar!’ He said, ‘You are a companions of the one you are a companion of?’ He said, ‘Yes, I am like that’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِعُمَرَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا جَاوَرَنِي أَحَدٌ هُوَ أَبْغَضُ إِلَيَّ جِوَاراً مِنْكَ قَالَ عُمَرُ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ كَرِهَ جِوَارَ رَجُلٍ انْتَقَلَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ أُخَلِّيَهَا لَكَ عَاجِلًا إِلَى جِوَارِ مَنْ هُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ جِوَاراً مِنْكَ وَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ
Then he said to Umar, ‘By Allah-azwj! No one has been a neighbour to me who is more hateful to me than you as a neighbour’. Umar said, ‘Surely the one who dislikes a neighbour, transfers away from him’. Sa’ad said, ‘I wish I can vacate it for you immediately to the vicinity of one who is more beloved to me as a neighbour than you are, and from your companions’.
فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ سَعْدٌ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا حَتَّى خَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَمَاتَ فِيهَا وَ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ لِأَحَدٍ لَا لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ لَا لِعُمَرَ وَ لَا لِغَيْرِهِمَا.
Sa’ad did not live after that except a little until he went out to Syria and died therein. And he did not pledge allegiance to anyone, neither to Abu Bakr, nor to Umar, nor to anyone else.
قَالَ وَ كَثُرَ النَّاسُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَبَايَعَهُ مُعْظَمُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ اجْتَمَعَتْ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ إِلَى بَيْتِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ مَعَهُمُ الزُّبَيْرُ وَ كَانَ يَعُدُّ نَفْسَهُ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ يَقُولُ مَا زَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ مِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ حَتَّى نَشَأَ بَنُوهُ فَصَرَفُوهُ عَنَّا
He (the narrator) said, ‘And the people became a lot to Abu Bakr and most of the Muslims pledged allegiance to him during that day, and the Clan of Hashim-asws gathered to the house of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and with them was Al-Zubeyr, and he used to count himself as a man from the Clan of Hashim-asws. Ali-asws was saying: ‘Al-Zubeyr did not cease to be from us, People-asws of the Household until his children grew up, and they left from us-asws’.
وَ اجْتَمَعَتْ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ وَ اجْتَمَعَتْ بَنُو زُهْرَةَ إِلَى سَعْدٍ وَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَأَقْبَلَ عُمَرُ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ فَقَالَ مَا لِي أَرَاكُمْ حَلَقاً قُومُوا فَبَايِعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَدْ بَايَعَ لَهُ النَّاسُ وَ بَايَعَهُ الْأَنْصَارُ فَقَامَ عُثْمَانُ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ وَ قَامَ سَعْدٌ وَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُمَا فَبَايَعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ
And the clan of Umayya gathered to Usman Bin Affan, and the clan of Zuhra gathered to Sa’ad and Abdul Rahman. Umar and Abu Ubeyda came, and he said, ‘What is the matter I see you in a circle? Arise and pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr, so the people have pledged allegiance to him, and the helpers have (also) pledged allegiance to him’. Usman and the ones with him stood up, and Sa’ad and Abdul Rahman and the ones with them stood up and pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr.
وَ ذَهَبَ عُمَرُ وَ مَعَهُ عِصَابَةٌ إِلَى بَيْتِ فَاطِمَةَ ع مَعَهُمْ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ انْطَلِقُوا فَبَايِعُوا فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهِ وَ خَرَجَ الزُّبَيْرُ بِسَيْفِهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْكَلْبَ فَوَثَبَ عَلَيْهِ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ فَأَخَذَ السَّيْفَ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ الْجِدَارَ
And Umar went and with him was a group, to the house of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, with them was Aseyd Bin Huzeyr and Salama Bin Aslam. He said to them, ‘Go and pledge allegiance’, but they refused to him, and Al-Zubeyr came out with his sword. Umar said, ‘Upon you is (to deal with) the dog’. Salama Bin Aslam leapt upon him and seized the sword from his hand and hit the wall with it.
ثُمَّ انْطَلَقُوا بِهِ وَ بِعَلِيٍّ وَ مَعَهُمَا بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَقُولُ أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى انْتَهَوْا بِهِ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقِيلَ لَهُ بَايِعْ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ لَا أُبَايِعُكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ أَوْلَى بِالْبَيْعَةِ لِي
Then they went with him and with Ali-asws, and with them were the Clan of Hashim-asws, and Ali-asws was saying: ‘I-asws am a servant of Allah-azwj and brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww’, until they ended up with him-asws to Abu Bakr. He said to him-asws, ‘Pledge allegiance’. He-asws said: ‘I-asws am more rightful with this command than you are. I will not pledge allegiance to you and you are foremost with pledging allegiance to me-asws.
أَخَذْتُمْ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ احْتَجَجْتُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْقَرَابَةِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَعْطَوْكُمُ الْمَقَادَةَ وَ سَلَّمُوا إِلَيْكُمُ الْإِمَارَةَ وَ أَنَا أَحْتَجُّ عَلَيْكُمْ بِمِثْلِ مَا احْتَجَجْتُمْ بِهِ عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ فَأَنْصِفُونَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَخَافُونَ اللَّهَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ اعْرِفُوا لَنَا مِنَ الْأَمْرِ مِثْلَ مَا عَرَفَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ لَكُمْ وَ إِلَّا فَبُوءُوا بِالظُّلْمِ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ.
You seized this command from the helpers and argued against them by the kinship from Rasool-Allah-saww. So, they gave you the leaders and submitted the emirate (rulership) to you, and I-asws am arguing against you with the like of what you argued against them with upon the Helpers. Be fair to us if you fear Allah-azwj from yourselves, and recognise for us from the command like what the Helpers recognised for you, or else so you got it with the injustice and you are knowing’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنَّكَ لَسْتَ مَتْرُوكاً حَتَّى تُبَايِعَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع احْلِبْ يَا عُمَرُ حَلْباً لَكَ شَطْرُهُ اشْدُدْ لَهُ الْيَوْمَ أَمْرَهُ لِيَرُدَّ عَلَيْكَ غَداً لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَقْبَلُ قَوْلَكَ وَ لَا أُبَايِعُهُ
Umar said, ‘You-asws will not be left alone until you-asws pledge allegiance’. Ali-asws said to him: ‘O Umar! Milk the milk for you, part of it has been strengthened for it today, tomorrow it would be returned to you as bitter. No, by Allah-azwj! I-asws will not accept your words, nor will I-asws pledge allegiance to you’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ تُبَايِعْنِي لَمْ أُكْرِهْكَ
Abu Bakr said to him-asws, ‘If you do not pledge allegiance to me, I will not force you-asws’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ إِنَّكَ حَدَثُ السِّنِّ وَ هَؤُلَاءِ مَشِيخَةُ قُرَيْشٍ قَوْمِكَ لَيْسَ لَكَ مِثْلُ تَجْرِبَتِهِمْ وَ مَعْرِفَتِهِمْ بِالْأُمُورِ وَ لَا أَرَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِلَّا أَقْوَى عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكَ وَ أَشَدَّ احْتِمَالًا لَهُ وَ اضْطِلَاعاً بِهِ فَسَلِّمْ لَهُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ وَ ارْضَ بِهِ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ تَعِشْ وَ يَطُلْ عُمُرُكَ فَأَنْتَ لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ خَلِيقٌ وَ بِهِ حَقِيقٌ فِي فَضْلِكَ وَ قَرَابَتِكَ وَ سَابِقَتِكَ وَ جِهَادِكَ.
Abu Ubeyda said to him-asws, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws!’ You-asws are of young age, and they are elders of Quraysh, your-asws people. There isn’t for you-asws like their experience and their recognition with the affairs, and I do not see Abu Bakr except as stronger upon this command than you-asws, and formidable of endurance for it, and stronger with it, so submit this command to him, and be pleased with it, for you-asws, for if you-asws live and your-asws life is prolonged, then you-asws would be appropriate for it, and capable with it considering your-asws merit, and your-asws kinship, and your-asws precedence and your-asws Jihaad’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ اللَّهَ اللَّهَ لَا تُخْرِجُوا سُلْطَانَ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ دَارِهِ وَ بَيْتِهِ إِلَى بُيُوتِكُمْ وَ دُورِكُمْ وَ لَا تَدْفَعُوا أَهْلَهُ عَنْ مَقَامِهِ فِي النَّاسِ وَ حَقِّهِ
Ali-asws said: ‘O community of the Emigrants! Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj! Do not take the authority of Muhammad-saww out from his-saww house and his-saww Household to your households and your houses, and do not push his-saww away from his-saww position among the people and his-saww right.
فَوَ اللَّهِ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ لَنَحْنُ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ أَ مَا كَانَ مِنَّا الْقَارِي لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ الْفَقِيهُ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ الْعَالِمُ بِالسُّنَّةِ الْمُضْطَلِعُ بِأَمْرِ الرَّعِيَّةِ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَفِينَا فَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا الْهَوَى فَتَزْدَادُوا مِنَ الْحَقِّ بُعْداً.
By Allah-azwj, O community of Emigrants! We-asws People-asws of the Household are more rightful with this command than you are. Was there not from us-asws the reader of the Book of Allah-azwj, the understanding one in the religion of Allah-azwj, and knower with the Sunnah, the expert with the affairs of the citizens. By Allah-azwj! It is regarding us-asws, so do not pursue the whims, for you will only increase in remoteness from the truth’.
فَقَالَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ لَوْ كَانَ هَذَا الْكَلَامُ سَمِعَتْهُ مِنْكَ الْأَنْصَارُ يَا عَلِيُّ قَبْلَ بَيْعَتِهِمْ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ مَا اخْتَلَفَ عَلَيْكَ اثْنَانِ وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ قَدْ بَايَعُوا
Bashir Bin Sa’ad said, ‘If only the Helpers had heard the speech from you-asws, O Ali-asws, before they pledged their allegiances to Abu Bakr, no two would have differed upon you-asws, but they have already pledged their allegiance’.
وَ انْصَرَفَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ وَ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ وَ لَزِمَ بَيْتَهُ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع فَبَايَعَ..
And Ali-asws left to go to his-asws house and did not pledge allegiance and stayed in his-asws house until (Syeda) Fatima-asws passed away, and he-asws pledged allegiance’’.[61] (Non-Shia source)
61- ثُمَّ رَوَى مِنْ كِتَابِ السَّقِيفَةِ لِأَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ ابْنِ عُفَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع حَمَلَ فَاطِمَةَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَ سَارَ بِهَا لَيْلًا إِلَى بُيُوتِ الْأَنْصَارِ يَسْأَلُهُمُ النُّصْرَةَ وَ تَسْأَلُهُمْ فَاطِمَةُ ع الِانْتِصَارَ لَهُ
Then it is reported from the book ‘Al Saqifa’ of Ahmad Bin Abdul Aziz Al Jowhary, from Ahmad Bin Is’haq, from Ibn Ufeyr, from Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws Muhammad Bin Ali-asws: ‘Ali-asws carried (Syeda) Fatima-asws upon a donkey and travelled with her at night to the houses of the Helpers asking them for the help, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws as for the victory for him-asws.
فَكَانُوا يَقُولُونَ يَا بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَدْ مَضَتْ بَيْعَتُنَا لِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ لَوْ كَانَ ابْنُ عَمِّكِ سَبَقَ إِلَيْنَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ مَا عَدَلْنَاهُ بِهِ
They were saying, ‘O daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Our allegiances have already gone to his man (Abu Bakr). If the son-asws of your-asws uncle-as had preceded Abu Bakr to us, we would not have abandoned him-asws with it’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَ كُنْتُ أَتْرُكُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَيْتاً فِي بَيْتِهِ لَا أُجَهِّزُهُ وَ أَخْرُجُ إِلَى النَّاسِ أُنَازِعُهُمْ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ
Ali-asws said: ‘Should I-asws have neglected Rasool-Allah-saww deceased in his-saww house, not preparing his-saww funeral, and gone out to the people disputing them regarding his-saww authority?’
وَ قَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ مَا صَنَعَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ وَ صَنَعُوا هُمْ مَا اللَّهُ حَسِيبُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ.
And (Syeda) Fatima-asws said: ‘Abu Al-Hassan-asws only did what was appropriate for him-asws, and they did what Allah-azwj would be Reckoning them upon it’’.[62]
62- وَ رَوَى أَيْضاً مِنَ الْكِتَابِ الْمَذْكُورِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ شَبَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي قَبِيصَةَ قَالَ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ جَرَى فِي السَّقِيفَةِ مَا جَرَى تَمَثَّلَ عَلِيٌ
| وَ أَصْبَحَ أَقْوَامٌ يَقُولُونَ مَا اشْتَهَوْا. | وَ يَطْغَوْنَ لَمَّا غَالَ زَيْداً غَوَائِلُهُ. |
And it is reported as well from the mentioned book, from Umar Bin Shabba, from Abu Quseyba who said, ‘When the Prophet-saww expired and it flowed in Al-Saqeefa what flowed, Ali-asws (cited) a resemblance (in prose): ‘And people became saying whatever they desired, and they were overwhelmed to what was expensive increase in its calamities’’.[63]
63- وَ قَالَ وَ رَوَى الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَمَّا بُويِعَ افْتَخَرَتْ تَيْمُ بْنُ مُرَّةَ قَالَ وَ كَانَ عَامَّةُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ جُلُّ الْأَنْصَارِ لَا يَشُكُّونَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع هُوَ صَاحِبُ الْأَمْرِ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
And he said, ‘And it is reported by Al Zubeyr Bin Bakkar, from Muhammad Bin Is’haq,
‘When Abu Bakr was pledged allegiance to, the (clan of) Taym Bin Murra prided, and the generality of the Emigrants and most of the Helpers had not doubts that Ali-asws, he-asws was the owner of the command after Rasool-Allah-saww.
فَقَالَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ وَ خُصُوصاً يَا بَنِي تَيْمٍ إِنَّكُمْ إِنَّمَا أَخَذْتُمُ الْخِلَافَةَ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ وَ نَحْنُ أَهْلُهَا دُونَكُمْ وَ لَوْ طَلَبْنَا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ الَّذِي نَحْنُ أَهْلُهُ لَكَانَتْ كَرَاهَةُ النَّاسِ لَنَا أَعْظَمَ مِنْ كَرَاهَتِهِمْ لِغَيْرِنَا حَسَداً مِنْهُمْ لَنَا وَ حِقْداً عَلَيْنَا وَ إِنَّا لَنَعْلَمُ أَنَّ عِنْدَ صَاحِبِنَا عَهْداً هُوَ يَنْتَهِي إِلَيْهِ.
Al-Fazl Bin Al-Abbas said, ‘O community of Quraysh and disputers! O clan of Taym! But rather you seized the caliphate by the Prophet-hood and (although) we are its rightful ones besides you, and had we sought this command which we are rightful of, the abhorrence of the people to us would have been greater than their abhorrence to others due to envy from them towards us and spitefulness upon us, and we know that with our Master-asws, there is a pact he-asws ending up to him-asws’’.[64] (Non-Shia source)
64- و قال بعض ولد أبي لهب بن عبد المطلب شعرا
| مَا كُنْتُ أَحْسَبُ أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ مُنصْرِفٌ. | عَنْ هَاشِمٍ ثُمَّ مِنْهَا عَنْ أَبِي حَسَنٍ. | |
| أَ لَيْسَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ صَلَّى لِقِبْلَتِكُمْ. | وَ أَعْلَمَ النَّاسِ بِالْآثَارِ وَ السُّنَنِ. | |
| وَ أَقْرَبَ النَّاسِ عَهْداً بِالنَّبِيِّ وَ مَنْ. | جِبْرِيلُ عَوْنٌ لَهُ فِي الْغُسْلِ وَ الْكَفَنِ. | |
| مَنْ فِيهِ مَا فِيهِمْ لَا يَمْتَرُونَ بِهِ. | وَ لَيْسَ فِي الْقَوْمِ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَسَنِ. | |
| مَا ذَا الَّذِي رَدَّهُمْ عَنْهُ فَنَعْلَمَهُ. | هَا إِنَّ ذَا غَبَنٌ مِنْ أَعْظَمِ الْغَبَنِ. |
And one of the sons of Abu Lahab-la son of Abdul Muttalib-asws said a poem, ‘I did not used to reckon that the command would leave from Hashim-asws, then from it, away from Abu Hassan-asws. Isn’t he-asws the first one to pray Salat to your Qiblah? And most knowledgeable of the people with the Ahadeeth and the Sunnahs? And the closest of the people of a pact with the Prophet-saww? And one whom Jibraeel-as assisted him-asws during the washing and the enshrouding? One in whom is what they cannot be disputing with, and there isn’t anyone in the people having goodness what is in him-asws. What is that which they rejected from him-asws, we know it. Behold! That is a fraud from the greatest of frauds’’.[65] (Non-Shia source)
65- قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ نَهَاهُ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ لَا يَعُودَ وَ قَالَ سَلَامَةُ الدِّينِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْنَا مِنْ غَيْرِهِ.
Al-Zubeyr said, ‘Ali-asws sent a message to him and forbade him and instructed him that he should not repeat, and said: ‘Safety of the Religion is more beloved to us that something else’’.[66] (Non-Shia source)
66- ثُمَّ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ وَ رَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ وَ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ بِإِسْنَادِهِمَا إِلَى عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْعَبَّاسَ أَتَيَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ يَلْتَمِسَانِ مِيرَاثَهُمَا مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ هُمَا يَطْلُبَانِ أَرْضَهُ مِنْ فَدَكَ وَ سَهْمَهُ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ
Then Ibn Abi Al Hadeed said, and it is reported by Al Bukhari and Musilm in ‘Al Saheeh’, by their chain to Ayesha (well-known fabricatress),
(Syeda)‘Fatima-asws and Al-Abbas both came to Abu Bakr seeking their inheritances from the Prophet-saww, and they were seeking from his-saww land of Fadak, and his-saww share from Khyber.
فَقَالَ لَهُمَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ إِنَّا مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَاهُ صَدَقَةٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ وَ إِنِّي وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَدَعُ أَمْراً رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَصْنَعُهُ إِلَّا صَنَعْتُهُ
Abu bakr said to them, ‘I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘We-saww, community of the Prophets-as do not leave inheritances. Whatever we-as leave is charity’. But rather the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww is consuming from this wealth, and surely, by Allah-azwj, I don’t leave any matter I have seen Rasool-Allah-saww doing it, except I do it (as well)’.
فَهَجَرَتْهُ فَاطِمَةُ وَ لَمْ تُكَلِّمْهُ فِي ذَلِكَ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ فَدَفَنَهَا عَلِيٌّ ع لَيْلًا وَ لَمْ يُؤْذِنْ بِهَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ كَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ وَجْهٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ حَيَاةَ فَاطِمَةَ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع انْصَرَفَتْ وُجُوهُ النَّاسِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع فَمَكَثَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَتْ
So (Syeda) Fatima-asws deserted him and did not speak to him regarding that until she-asws passed away. Ali-asws buried her-asws at night and did not permit Abu Bakr with it, and for Ali-asws there was a face (honour) from the people during the lifetime of (Syeda) Fatima-asws. When (Syeda) Fatima-asws passed away, the faces of the people turned away from Ali-asws. (Syeda) Fatima-asws lived for six months then she-asws passed away’.
فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلزُّهْرِيِّ وَ هُوَ الرَّاوِي لِهَذَا الْخَبَرِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فَلَمْ يُبَايِعْهُ إِلَى سِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ قَالَ وَ لَا أَحَدٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ حَتَّى بَايَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ ضَرَعَ إِلَى مُبَايَعَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ
A man said to Al-Zuhry, and he is the reported of this Hadeeth from Ayesha, ‘So, why did he-asws not pledge allegiance to him for six months?’ He said, ‘No, and not even one from the Clan of Hashim-asws, until Ali-asws pledged allegiance. When they saw that, they went to pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr.
فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنِ ائْتِنَا وَ لَا يَأْتِنَا مَعَكَ أَحَدٌ وَ كَرِهَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ عُمَرُ لِمَا عَرَفَ مِنْ شِدَّتِهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا تَأْتِهِمْ وَحْدَكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ اللَّهِ لَآتِيَنَّهُمْ وَحْدِي وَ مَا عَسَى أَنْ يَصْنَعُوا بِي
He-asws sent a message to Abu Bakr, ‘If you come to us, and no one should come with you’, and he-asws dislike it that Umar should come to him-asws due to what he-asws recognised from his harshness. Umar said, ‘Do not go to them along’. Abu Bakr said, ‘By Allah-azwj! I will go to them alone, and what can they do with me?’
فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع وَ قَدْ جَمَعَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ عِنْدَهُ فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّا لَمْ يَمْنَعْنَا أَنْ نُبَايِعَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنْكَارٌ لِفَضْلِكَ وَ لَا نَفَاسَةٌ لِخَيْرٍ سَاقَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ وَ لَكِنَّا كُنَّا نَرَى أَنَّ لَنَا فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ حَقّاً فَاسْتَبْدَدْتُمْ بِهِ عَلَيْنَا وَ ذَكَرَ قَرَابَتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ حَقَّهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَذْكُرُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى بَكَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ.
He went until he entered to see Ali-asws, and the Clan of Hashim-asws had gathered in his-asws presence. Ali-asws stood up, he-asws praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj with what He-azwj is Rightful of, then said: ‘As for after, we were not prevent from pledging allegiance to you, O Abu Bakr, denial of your merits, nor competing for goodness Allah-azwj has Ushered to you, but we saw that there is a right for us in this command, but you enslaved with it against us’ – and he-asws mentioned kinship from Rasool-Allah-saww and his-saww rights. He-asws did not cease mentioning that until Abu Bakr cried.
فَلَمَّا صَمَتَ عَلِيٌّ ع تَشَهَّدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدَ فَقَرَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَصِلَهَا مِنْ قَرَابَتِي وَ إِنِّي وَ اللَّهِ مَا آلُوكُمْ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَمْوَالِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكُمْ إِلَّا الْخَيْرَ وَ لَكِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَاهُ صَدَقَةٌ وَ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ ص فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ وَ إِنِّي وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَتْرُكُ أَمْراً صَنَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَّا صَنَعْتُهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
When Ali-asws was silent, Abu Bakr testified. He praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj with what He-azwj is Rightful of, then said, ‘As for after, the kinship of Rasool-Allah-saww is more beloved to me than its origin from my kinship, and surely by Allah-azwj, I am not preventing you from the wealth which was between me and you except the goodness, but I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘We-asws do not leave inheritance. Whatever we-as leave behind is charity, and rather the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww in this wealth, by Allah-azwj I do not neglect any matter Rasool-Allah-saww had some except I shall do it (as well) if Allah-azwj so Desires’.
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع مَوْعِدُكَ الْعَشِيَّةُ لِلْبَيْعَةِ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ الظُّهْرَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ ثُمَّ عَذَّرَ عَلِيّاً بِبَعْضِ مَا اعْتَذَرَ بِهِ ثُمَّ قَامَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَعَظَّمَ مِنْ حَقِّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ ذَكَرَ فَضْلَهُ وَ سَابِقَتَهُ ثُمَّ مَضَى إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَبَايَعَهُ فَأَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فَقَالُوا أَصَبْتَ وَ أَحْسَنْتَ.
Ali-asws said: ‘Your appointment for the allegiance is the evening’. When Abu Bakr had prayed Al Zohr Salat, turned towards the people, then excused Ali-asws with part of what he excused him-asws with. Then Ali-asws stood up and magnified from the right of Abu Bakr, and mentioned his merits and his precedence, then went to Abu Bakr and pledged allegiance to him. The people turned towards Ali-asws and they said, ‘You have been correct and done good’’.[67] (Non-Shia source)
67- أَقُولُ رَوَى أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ مِنْ أَعَاظِمِ عُلَمَاءِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ وَ مُؤَرِّخُهُم فِي تَارِيخِهِ الْمَشْهُورِ عَنْ أَبِي عُفَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَوْنٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قِصَّةَ السَّقِيفَةِ بِطُولِهَا نَحْواً مِمَّا رَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ مِنْ كِتَابِ السَّقِيفَةِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَكَانَ بَشِيرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ قَيْسَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ فَسَاقَ الْكَلَامَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَا أَيْ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ وَ عُمَرُ يُبَايِعَانِهِ سَبَقَهُمَا إِلَيْهِ قَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ فَبَايَعَهُ
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by Abu Muhammad Bin Muslim Bin Quteyba, from great scholars from the adversaries and historian in the famour history, from Abu Ufeyr, from Abu Awn, from Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman Al Ansari, story of Al Saqeefa, with its length, approximate to what is reported by Abu Al Hadeed, from the book ‘Al Saqeefa’, except that he said,
‘Position of Bashir Bin Sa’ad Qays Bin Sa’ad’ – and he continued the speech up to his words, ‘When they both, meaning Abu Ubeyda and Umar, went to pledge allegiance to him (Abu Bakr), they were preceded to it by Qays Bin Sa’ad, and he pledged allegiance to him.
فَنَادَى الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ يَا قَيْسَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ عَاقَكَ عَائِقٌ مَا اضْطَرَّكَ إِلَى مَا صَنَعْتَ حَسَدْتَ ابْنَ عَمِّكَ عَلَى الْإِمَارَةِ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنِّي كَرِهْتُ أَنْ أُنَازِعَ قَوْماً حَقّاً هُوَ لَهُمْ
Al-Hubab Bin Al Munzir called out, ‘O Qays Bin Sa’ad! Detach your bitterness! You are not desperate to what you have done (except) out of envy to son of your uncle upon the rulership’. He said, ‘No, but I disliked to dispute a people of a right which is for them’.
فَلَمَّا رَأَتِ الْأَوْسُ مَا صَنَعَ قَيْسٌ وَ هُوَ سَيِّدُ الْخَزْرَجِ وَ مَا دُعُوا إِلَيْهِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَ مَا يَطْلُبُ الْخَزْرَجُ مِنْ تَأْمِيرِ سَعْدٍ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ وَ فِيهِمْ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ وَلَّيْتُمُوهَا سَعْداً عَلَيْكُمْ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً لَا زَالَتْ لَهُمْ بِذَلِكَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْفَضِيلَةُ وَ لَا جَعَلُوا لَكُمْ فِيهَا نَصِيباً أَبَداً فَقُومُوا فَبَايِعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ
When (the tribe of) Al Aws saw what Qays had done, and he was a chief of (the tribe of) Al-Khazraj, and what Quraysh had been called to, and what Al-Khazraj had sought from the rulership of Sa’ad, they said to each other, and among them was Useyd Bin Huzeyr, ‘By Allah-azwj! If they were to make Sa’ad in charge upon you, that would not cease to be for them as the merit upon you, nor will they ever make a share to be for you in it. Arise and pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr’.
فَقَامُوا إِلَيْهِ فَبَايَعُوهُ فَقَامَ الْحُبَابُ إِلَى سَيْفِهِ فَأَخَذَهُ فَبَادَرُوا إِلَيْهِ فَأَخَذُوا سَيْفَهُ وَ جَعَلَ يَضْرِبُ بِثَوْبِهِ وُجُوهَهُمْ حَتَّى فَرَغُوا مِنَ الْبَيْعَةِ فَقَالَ فَعَلْتُمُوهَا يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَكَأَنِّي بِأَبْنَائِكُمْ عَلَى أَبْوَابِ أَبْنَائِهِمْ قَدْ وُقِفُوا يَسْأَلُونَهُمْ بِأَكُفِّهِمْ لَا يَسْقُونَهُمُ الْمَاءَ.
They stood up to him and pledged allegiance to him. Al-Hubab stood up to his sword and grabbed it. They rushed towards him and seized his sword and he went on to hit their faces with his cloth until they were free from the allegiance. He said, ‘You are doing it, O community of the Helpers! But, by Allah-azwj, it is as if I am with your sons at the doors of their sons, having paused to ask them with their palms, but they are not quenching them the water’.
وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ أَمَا لَوْ أَنَّ لِي مَا أَقْوَى بِهِ عَلَى النُّهُوضِ لَسَمِعْتُمْ فِي أَقْطَارِهَا وَ سِكَكِهَا زَئِيراً يُخْرِجُكَ وَ أَصْحَابَكَ وَ لَأَلْحَقْتُكَ بِقَوْمٍ كُنْتَ فِيهِمْ تَابِعاً غَيْرَ مَتْبُوعٍ خَامِلًا غَيْرَ عَزِيزٍ.
And he continued the Hadeeth up to his words, ‘Sa’ad Bin Ubada said, ‘But, if only there was for me what I could be strengthened with upon the getting up, I would have made hear its horizons and its markets a road, expelling you and your companions, you would join up with the people you used to be among them, following not followed, sluggish without might’.
ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ أَنَّ سَعْداً لَمْ يُبَايِعْ وَ كَانَ لَا يُصَلِّي بِصَلَاتِهِمْ وَ لَا يُجَمِّعُ بِجُمَعِهِمْ وَ لَا يُفِيضُ بِإِفَاضَتِهِمْ وَ لَوْ يَجِدُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَعْوَاناً لَصَالَ بِهِمْ وَ لَوْ تَابَعَهُ أَحَدٌ عَلَى قِتَالِهِمْ لَقَاتَلَهُمْ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى هَلَكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ وُلِّيَ عُمَرُ فَخَرَجَ إِلَى الشَّامِ وَ مَاتَ بِهَا وَ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ لِأَحَدٍ ره.
Then he mentioned that Sa’ad did not pledge allegiance, and he was neither praying with their Salat, nor gather with their gatherings, nor departing (for Hajj) with their departure, and had he found supporters against them, he would have attacked with them, and if anyone had followed him upon fighting against them, he would have fought them. He did not cease to be like that until Abu Bakr died, and Umar became ruler. He went out to Syria and died at it, and did not pledge allegiance to anyone’.
ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ امْتِنَاعَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ مِنَ الْبَيْعَةِ وَ اجْتِمَاعَهُمْ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ أَنَّهُ ذَهَبَ عُمَرُ مَعَ جَمَاعَةٍ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ خَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمُ الزُّبَيْرُ بِسَيْفِهِ وَ سَاقَ مَا مَرَّ فِي رِوَايَةِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ.
Then he mentioned the refusal of the Clan of Hashim-asws from the allegiance, and their gathering to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and that Umar went with a group to them, and al Zubeyr came out to them with his sword’ – and continued what has passed in the report of Al-Jowhary, up to he said –
ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً أُتِيَ بِهِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ أَخُو رَسُولِهِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ بَايِعْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ لَا أُبَايِعُكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ أَوْلَى بِالْبَيْعَةِ لِي أَخَذْتُمْ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ احْتَجَجْتُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْقَرَابَةِ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ تَأْخُذُونَهُ مِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتَ غَصْباً.
Then Ali-asws was brought to Abu Bakr, and he-asws was saying: ‘I-asws am a servant of Allah-azwj and brother-asws of His-azwj Rasool-saww’. It was said to him-asws, ‘Pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr!’ He-asws said: ‘I-asws am more rightful with this command than you are. I-asws will not pledge allegiance to you, and you are foremost with pledging allegiance to me-asws. You seized this command from the Helpers and argued against them by the kinship from the Prophet-saww, and you seized it from us-asws, People-asws of the Household, usurping’.
ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مَا احْتَجَّ ع بِهِ نَحْواً مِمَّا مَرَّ مَعَ زِيَادَاتٍ تَرَكْنَاهَا إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ خَرَجَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَحْمِلُ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى دَابَّةٍ لَيْلًا يَدُورُ فِي مَجَالِسِ الْأَنْصَارِ تَسْأَلُهُمُ النُّصْرَةَ
Then he mentioned what he-asws argued with approximate to what has passed, with an increase we have left it out, up to he said, ‘And Ali-asws went out carrying (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww upon a riding animal (donkey) at night circling among the gathering of the Helpers, asking them of the help.
فَكَانُوا يَقُولُونَ يَا بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ مَضَتْ بَيْعَتُنَا لِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ زَوْجَكِ وَ ابْنَ عَمِّكِ سَبَقَ إِلَيْنَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ مَا عَدَلْنَا بِهِ
They were saying, ‘O daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Our allegiance are gone to this man (Abu Bakr), and if your-asws husband and son-asws of your-asws uncle-as had preceded Abu Bakr to us, we would not have abandoned him-asws with it’.
فَيَقُولُ عَلِيٌّ ع أَ فَكُنْتُ أَدَعُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي بَيْتِهِ لَمْ أَدْفَنْهُ وَ أَخْرُجُ أُنَازِعُ النَّاسَ سُلْطَانَهُ
Ali-asws said: ‘Should I-asws have left Rasool-Allah-saww in his-saww house, not burying him-saww, and should have come out to dispute the people of his-saww authority?’
فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ مَا صَنَعَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ وَ قَدْ صَنَعُوا مَا اللَّهُ حَسِيبُهُمْ وَ طَالِبُهُمْ.
(Syeda) Fatima-asws said: ‘What Abu Al-Hassan-asws did not do except what was appropriate for him-asws, and they have done what Allah-azwj will Reckon them with and Demand them’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أُخْبِرَ بِقَوْمٍ تَخَلَّفُوا عَنْ بَيْعَتِهِ عِنْدَ عَلِيٍّ ع فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَجَاءَ فَنَادَاهُمْ وَ هُمْ فِي دَارِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا فَدَعَا عُمَرُ بِالْحَطَبِ فَقَالَ وَ الَّذِي نَفْسُ عُمَرَ بِيَدِهِ لَتَخْرُجُنَّ أَوْ لَأُحْرِقَنَّهَا عَلَيْكُمْ عَلَى مَنْ فِيهَا فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا حَفْصٍ إِنَّ فِيهَا فَاطِمَةَ فَقَالَ وَ إِنْ.
Then he said, ‘And Abu Bakr was informed of a group who had stayed behind from pledging allegiance to him being in the presence of Ali-asws. He sent Umar Bin Al-Khattab to them. He came calling out to them, and they were in the house of Ali-asws. They refused to come out. Umar called for the firewood and said, ‘By the One-azwj in Whose Hand is the soul of Umar! Either you come out or else I will burn it down upon you, upon the ones who are in it’. It was said to him, ‘O Abu Hafsa! Fatima-asws is in it!’ He said, ‘And even if she-asws is’.
فَخَرَجُوا فَبَايَعُوا إِلَّا عَلِيٌّ فَإِنَّهُ زُعِمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ حَلَفْتُ أَنْ لَا أَخْرُجَ وَ لَا أَضَعَ ثَوْبِي عَلَى عَاتِقِي حَتَّى أَجْمَعَ الْقُرْآنَ
They came out and pledged allegiance except Ali-asws, and it is claimed that he-asws said: ‘I-asws have vowed that I-asws will not come out nor place my cloth (robe) upon my-asws shoulders until I-asws collect the Quran’.
فَوَقَفَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع عَلَى بَابِهَا فَقَالَتْ لَا عَهْدَ لِي بِقَوْمٍ حَضَرُوا أَسْوَأَ مَحْضَرٍ مِنْكُمْ تَرَكْتُمْ جِنَازَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا وَ قَطَعْتُمْ أَمْرَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ لَمْ تُشَاوِرُونَا وَ لَمْ تَرَوْا لَنَا حَقّاً
Fatima-asws paused at her-asws door and she-asws said: ‘There is no pact for me with a people with a presentation as evil are your presentation. You neglected the funeral of Rasool-Allah-saww in front of us and you divided your matter between you. You did not consult us and did not see any right being for us’.
فَأَتَى عُمَرُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ لَا تَأْخُذُ هَذَا الْمُتَخَلِّفَ عَنْكَ بِالْبَيْعَةِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا قُنْفُذُ وَ هُوَ مَوْلًى لَهُ اذْهَبْ فَادْعُ عَلِيّاً
Umar came to Abu Bakr and said to him, ‘Will you not seize this remainer staying behind from you with the allegiance?’ Abu Bakr said, ‘O Qunfuz!’, and he was a slave of his, ‘Go and call Ali-asws’.
قَالَ فَذَهَبَ قُنْفُذٌ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ مَا حَاجَتُكَ قَالَ يَدْعُوكَ خَلِيفَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَسَرِيعٌ مَا كَذَبْتُمْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَرَجَعَ قُنْفُذٌ فَأَبْلَغَ الرِّسَالَةَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Qunfuz went to Ali-asws. He-asws said: ‘What is your need?’ He said, ‘Caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww is calling you’. Ali-asws said: ‘How quickly you have belied upon Rasool-Allah-saww!’. Qunfuz returned and delivered the message’.
قَالَ فَبَكَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ طَوِيلًا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ الثَّانِيَةَ أَ لَا تَضُمُّ هَذَا الْمُتَخَلِّفَ عَنْكَ بِالْبَيْعَةِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِقُنْفُذٍ عُدْ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَدْعُوكَ لِتُبَايِعَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Abu Bakr wept for a long time. Umar said for a second time, ‘Will you not pressurise this remaining one staying behind from you, with the allegiance?’ Abu Bakr said to Qunfuz, ‘Return to him and say, ‘Amir Al Momineen calls you for the allegiance’.
فَجَاءَهُ قُنْفُذٌ فَأَدَّى مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ فَرَفَعَ عَلِيٌّ صَوْتَهُ فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ لَقَدِ ادَّعَى مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ فَرَجَعَ قُنْفُذٌ فَأَبْلَغَ الرِّسَالَةَ قَالَ فَبَكَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ طَوِيلًا.
Qunfuz came to him-asws and related what he had been ordered with. Ali-asws raised his-asws voice and said: ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! He has claimed what isn’t for him’. Qunfuz returned and delivered the message. Abu Bakr wept for a long time.
ثُمَّ قَامَ عُمَرُ فَمَشَى مَعَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ حَتَّى أَتَوْا بَابَ فَاطِمَةَ ع فَدَقُّوا الْبَابَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَتْ أَصْوَاتَهُمْ نَادَتْ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهَا بَاكِيَةً يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا ذَا لَقِينَا بَعْدَكَ مِنِ ابْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَ ابْنِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ
Then Umar stood up and a group walked with him until they came to the door of Fatima-asws. They knocked the door. When she-asws heard their voices, she-asws called out at the top of her-asws voice crying: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What are we-asws facing after you-saww of the son of Al Khattab, and son of Abu Qohafa!’
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ الْقَوْمُ صَوْتَهَا وَ بُكَاءَهَا انْصَرَفُوا بَاكِينَ فَكَادَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ تَتَصَدَّعُ وَ أَكْبَادُهُمْ تَتَفَطَّرُ وَ بَقِيَ عُمَرُ وَ مَعَهُ قَوْمٌ
When the people heard her-asws voice and her-asws crying, they left weeping, and their hearts were almost rendered, and the livers almost broke up, and there remained Umar and with him was a group.
فَأَخْرَجُوا عَلِيّاً وَ مَضَوْا بِهِ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالُوا بَايِعْ فَقَالَ إِنْ أَنَا لَمْ أَفْعَلْ فَمَهْ قَالُوا إِذاً وَ اللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ نَضْرِبَ عُنُقَكَ
They brought Ali-asws out and went with him-asws to Abu Bakr. They said, ‘Pledge allegiance!’ He-asws said: ‘If I-asws don’t do it, then what?’ They said, ‘Then by Allah-azwj, Who there is no god except He-azwj, we will strike off your-asws neck’.
قَالَ إِذاً تَقْتُلُونَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ وَ أَخَا رَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهُ فَنَعَمْ وَ أَمَّا أَخَا رَسُولِهِ فَلَا وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ سَاكِتٌ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then you would be killing a servant of Allah-azwj and brother-asws of His-azwj Rasool-saww’. Umar said, ‘As for a servant of Allah-azwj, so yes, and as for brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, so no!’ And Abu Bakr was silent, not speaking’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ أَ لَا تَأْمُرُ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِكَ فَقَالَ لَا أُكْرِهُهُ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مَا كَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ فَلَحِقَ عَلِيٌّ بِقَبْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَصِيحُ وَ يَبْكِي وَ يُنَادِي يَا ابْنَ أُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَ كادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي
Umar said to him, ‘Will you not order regarding him-asws with your order?’ He said, ‘I will not force him-asws upon something for as long as Fatima-asws is by his-asws side’. Ali-asws adhered to the grave of Rasool-Allah-saww, shrieking, wailing, and calling out: ‘O ‘Son of my mother! Surely the people weakened me and they almost killed me, [7:150]’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ انْطَلِقْ بِنَا إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ فَإِنَّا قَدْ أَغْضَبْنَاهَا فَانْطَلَقَا جَمِيعاً فَاسْتَأْذَنَا عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ فَلَمْ تَأْذَنْ لَهُمَا فَأَتَيَا عَلِيّاً فَكَلَّمَاهُ فَأَدْخَلَهُمَا عَلَيْهَا
Umar said to Abu Bakr, ‘Come with us to (Syeda) Fatima-asws for we have angered her-asws’. They went together and sought permission to see (Syeda) Fatima-asws. But she-asws did not permit them. They came to Ali-asws and spoke to him-asws. He-asws entered them both to see her-asws.
فَلَمَّا قَعَدَا عِنْدَهَا حَوَّلَتْ وَجْهَهَا إِلَى الْحَائِطِ فَسَلَّمَا عَلَيْهَا فَلَمْ تَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامَ
When they said in her-asws presence, she-asws turned her-asws face away from them to the wall. They greeted unto her-asws, but she-asws did not return the greeting to them.
فَتَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ يَا حَبِيبَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ قَرَابَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَصِلَ مِنْ قَرَابَتِي وَ إِنَّكِ لَأَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ عَائِشَةَ ابْنَتِي وَ لَوَدِدْتُ يَوْمَ مَاتَ أَبُوكِ أَنِّي مِتُّ وَ لَا أَبْقَى بَعْدَهُ
Abu Bakr spoke, he said, ‘O beloved of Rasool-Allah-saww! The kinship of Rasool-Allah-saww is more beloved to me in the origin than my own kinship, and you-asws more beloved to me than my daughter Ayesha, and on the day your-asws father-saww passed away, I loved to have died and not remain after him-asws.
أَ فَتَرَانِي أَعْرِفُكِ وَ أَعْرِفُ فَضْلَكِ وَ شَرَفَكِ وَ أَمْنَعُكِ حَقَّكِ وَ مِيرَاثَكِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ نَحْنُ مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ لَا نُورَثُ وَ مَا تَرَكْنَاهُ فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ
Don’t you-asws see me? I do recognise your-asws merit, and your-asws nobility, and I prevented your-asws right and your-asws inheritance from Rasool-Allah-azwj only because I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘We-asws community of Prophets-as, do not leave inheritance, and whatever we-as leave, it is charity’.
فَقَالَتْ أَ رَأَيْتَكُمَا إِنْ حَدَّثْتُكُمَا حَدِيثاً مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَ تَعْرِفَانِهِ وَ تَعْقِلَانِهِ قَالا نَعَمْ فَقَالَتْ نَشَدْتُكُمَا بِاللَّهِ أَ لَمْ تَسْمَعَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ رِضَا فَاطِمَةَ مِنْ رِضَايَ وَ سَخَطُ فَاطِمَةَ مِنْ سَخَطِي وَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ فَاطِمَةَ ابْنَتِي فَقَدْ أَحَبَّنِي وَ مَنْ أَرْضَى فَاطِمَةَ فَقَدْ أَرْضَانِي وَ مَنْ أَسْخَطَ فَاطِمَةَ فَقَدْ أَسْخَطَنِي
She-asws said: ‘What are both your views if I-asws were to narrate to you a Hadeeth from Rasool-Allah-saww, will you recognise it and listen to it?’ They said, ‘Yes’. She-asws said: ‘We-asws adjure you both with Allah-azwj! Did you not hear from Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Pleasure of Fatima-asws is from my-saww pleasure and wrath of Fatima-asws is from my-saww wrath, and one who loves my-saww daughter-asws Fatima-asws, so he has loved me-saww, and one who pleases Fatima-asws, so he has pleased me-saww, and one who angers Fatima-asws, so he has angered me-saww?’
قَالا نَعَمْ سَمِعْنَاهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
They said, ‘Yes, we have heard it from Rasool-Allah-saww’.
قَالَتْ فَإِنِّي أُشْهِدُ اللَّهَ وَ مَلَائِكَتَهُ أَنَّكُمَا أَسْخَطْتُمَانِي وَ مَا أَرْضَيْتُمَانِي وَ لَئِنْ لَقِيتُ النَّبِيَّ ص لَأَشْكُوَنَّكُمَا إِلَيْهِ
She-asws said: ‘I-asws hereby keep Allah-azwj as Witness and His-azwj Angels, you have both angered me-asws and have not pleased me, and when I-asws meet the Prophet-saww I-asws will complain to him of you both!’
قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَائِذاً بِاللَّهِ مِنْ سَخَطِهِ وَ سَخَطِكِ يَا فَاطِمَةُ ثُمَّ انْتَحَبَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَاكِياً يَكَادُ نَفْسُهُ أَنْ تَزْهَقَ وَ هِيَ تَقُولُ وَ اللَّهِ لَأَدْعُوَنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَيْكَ فِي كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ أُصَلِّيهَا.
Abu Bakr said, ‘I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from His-azwj Wrath and your-asws wrath, O Fatima-asws’. Then Abu Bakr wailed crying, almost losing his soul, and she-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-saww will supplicate to Allah-azwj against you every Salat I-asws pray!’
ثُمَّ خَرَجَ بَاكِياً فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَ يَبِيتُ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْكُمْ مُعَانِقاً لِحَلِيلَتِهِ مَسْرُوراً بِأَهْلِهِ وَ تَرَكْتُمُونِي وَ مَا أَنَا فِيهِ لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِي بَيْعَتِكُمْ أَقِيلُونِي بَيْعَتِي
Then he went out crying, and the people gathered to him. He said to them, ‘Every man from you spent last night hugging his wife, happy with his wife, and you left me and what I am in. There is no need for me regarding your allegiances. Dismiss my allegiance’.
فَقَالُوا يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ لَا يَسْتَقِيمُ وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُنَا بِذَلِكَ إِنَّهُ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا لَا يَقُمْ لِلَّهِ دِينٌ
They said, ‘O caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww! This command cannot stand straight, and you are most knowing of us with that. If this happens, the Religion will not stand for Allah-azwj’.
فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ وَ مَا أَخَافُ مِنْ رَخَاءِ هَذِهِ الْعُرْوَةِ مَا بِتُّ لَيْلَةً وَ لِي فِي عُنُقِ مُسْلِمٍ بَيْعَةٌ بَعْدَ مَا سَمِعْتُ وَ رَأَيْتُ مِنْ فَاطِمَةَ
He said, ‘By Allah-azwj! Had it not been that, and I fear from the prosperity of this handle (caliphate), I would not have spent any night and there was an allegiance to me in the necks of the Muslims, after what I have heard and seen from (Syeda) Fatima-asws’.
قَالَ فَلَمْ يُبَايِعْ عَلِيٌّ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ فَاطِمَةُ وَ لَمْ تَمْكُثْ بَعْدَ أَبِيهَا إِلَّا خَمْساً وَ سَبْعِينَ لَيْلَةً.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Ali-asws did not pledge allegiance until Fatima-asws passed away, and she-asws did not remain after her-asws father-saww except for seventy five days’’.[68] (Non-Shia source)
Notes:
وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص أَمَرَ النَّاسَ فِي مَرَضِهِ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَ لَمْ يُعَيِّنْ أَحَداً.
And some of them (reporters) said, ‘The Prophet-saww, during his-saww illness, had ordered with the Salat and did not mean anyone (in particular)’. (Non-Shia source)
فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ لِبِلَالٍ إِنَّهُ ص أَمَرَ أَنَّ يَؤُمَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَلَمَّا اطَّلَعَ النَّبِيُّ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ وَضَعَ إِحْدَى يَدَيْهِ عَلَى مَنْكِبِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ الْأُخْرَى عَلَى مَنْكِبِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ وَ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَ نَحَّى أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَنِ الْمِحْرَابِ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ حَتَّى لَا تَصِيرَ إِمَامَتُهُ موجبا [مُوجِبَةً] لِلْخَلَلِ فِي الدِّينِ.
Ayesha (well-known fabricatress) daughter of Abu Bakr said to Bilal, ‘He-saww had ordered Abu Bakr to lead in the Salat. When the Prophet-saww was notified upon that state, placed one of his-saww hands upon a shoulder of Ali-asws and the other upon the shoulder of Al Fazl Bin Al Abbas, and went out to the Masjid, and Abu Bakr stepped aside from the prayer niche, and prayed Salat with the people until his leadership did not become obligatory for the imbalance in the Religion’.
و يعضده مَا رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ فَوَجَدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ نَفْسِهِ خِفَّةً فَخَرَجَ إِلَى الْمِحْرَابِ فَكَانَ أَبُو بِكْرٍ يُصَلِّي بِصَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ النَّاسُ يُصَلُّونَ بِصَلَاةِ أَبِي بِكْرٍ أَيْ بِتَكْبِيرِهِ انْتَهَى.
And it is supported by what is reported by Al Bukhari by his chain from Urwah, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww found lightness from himself-saww, so he-saww went out to the prayer niche. So Abu Bakr prayed Salat with the Salat of Rasool-Allah-saww and the people were praying Salat with the Salat of Abu Bakr, i.e. by his exclamations of Takbeer, ending’. (Non-Shia source)
و أن بني هاشم لم يبايعوا أولا ثم قهروا و بايعوا بعد ستة أشهر حتى أن معاوية كتب إلى علي ع يُؤَنِّبُهُ بذلك حيث يقول إنك كنت تقاد كما يقاد الجمل المخشوش
And the Clan of Hashim-asws did not pledge allegiance at first, then they were forced and they pledge allegiance after six months, to the extent that Muawiya wrote to Ali-asws rebuking him-asws with that where he saying, ‘You-asws had sat back just as the fearful camel’.
و كتب ع في جوابه و قلت إني كنت أُقَادُ كما يقاد الجمل المخشوش حتى أبايع و لعمر الله لقد أردت أن تذم فمدحت و أن تفضح فافتضحت و ما على المسلم من غضاضة في أن يكون مظلوما ما لم يكن شاكا في دينه أو مرتابا في يقينه و هذه حجتي عليك و على غيرك.
And he-asws wrote in its answer and said: ‘I-asws had sat back just as the fearful camel until I-asws pledged allegiance and for the Command of Allah-azwj, and I-asws wanted to condemn, but I-asws praised, and if I-asws had exposed, I-asws would have been exposed (to danger), and there is no shortcoming upon the Muslims regarding me-asws that he happens to be oppressed, for as long as he does not doubt in his Religion, or suspects within himself, and this is my-asws argument against you and against others’.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: عَلِيٌّ مَعَ الْحَقِّ وَ الْحَقُّ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ يَدُورُ مَعَهُ حَيْثُ مَا دَارَ.
From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Ali-asws is with the truth and the truth is with Ali-asws, circling with him-asws wherever he-asws circles’. (Non-Shia source)
رَوَى أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ الْعَبْسِيِّ عَنْ خَالِدٍ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ عَنْ خَالِدٍ الْحَذَّاءِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيّاً ع عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَقُولُ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ مَا مِنَ النَّاسِ أَحَدٌ أَوْلَى بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنِّي.
It is reported by Abu Is’haq Ibrahim Bin Saeed Al Saqafi, from usman Bin Abu Shayba Al Absy, from Khalid Al Madainy, from Khalid Al Haza’a, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Bakrah who said,
‘I heard Ali-asws saying upon the pulpit: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww passed away and there is no one from the people foremost with this command than I-asws am’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ الثَّقَفِيُّ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ دُكَيْنٍ عَنْ فِطْرِ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حُرَيْثٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيّاً ع يَقُولُ مَا زِلْتُ مَظْلُوماً مُنْذُ قَبَضَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ ص إِلَى يَوْمِ النَّاسِ هَذَا.
And it is reported by Ibrahim Al Saqafi who said, Usman Bin Abu Shayba informed us, and Abu Nueym Bin Zukeyn, from Fitr Bin Khalifa, from Ja’far Bin Amro Bin Hureys, from his father who said,
‘I heard Ali-asws saying: ‘I-asws have ceased to be oppressed since Allah-azwj Caused His-azwj Prophet-saww to pass away up to this day of the people’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ الْحِمَّانِيِّ وَ عَبَّادِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ عَنْ مُسَيَّبِ بْنِ نَجَبَةَ قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا عَلِيٌّ ع يَخْطُبُ وَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ يَقُولُ وَا مَظْلِمَتَاهْ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع ادْنُ فَدَنَا فَقَالَ لَقَدْ ظُلِمْتُ عَدَدَ الْمَدَرِ وَ الْوَبَرِ.
And it is reported by Ibrahim, from Yahya Bin Abdul Hameed Al Himmany, and Abbad Bin Yaqoub Al Asady, from Amro Bin Sabit, from Salama Bin Khueyl, from Musayyib Bin Najdab who said,
‘While Ali-asws was addressing, a Bedouin said, ‘Oh your-asws being oppressed!’ Ali-asws said: ‘Approach!’ He went near. He-asws said: ‘I-asws have been oppressed the number of the mud and fluff (uncountable times)’.
وَ فِي حَدِيثِ عُبَادَةَ قَالَ: جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ يَتَخَطَّى فَنَادَى يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَظْلُومٌ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَيْحَكَ وَ أَنَا مَظْلُومٌ ظُلِمْتُ عَدَدَ الْمَدَرِ وَ الْوَبَرِ.
And in a Hadeeth of Ubada, he said, ‘A Bedouin came making his way forward and called out, ‘O Amir Al Momineen-asws! Oppressed!’ Ali-asws said: ‘Woe be unto you, and I-asws am oppressed. I-asws have been oppressed the number of the mud and the fluff (uncountable times)’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ دُكَيْنٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ كُنَّا جُلُوساً عِنْدَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حُرَيْثٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي وَالِدِي أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع لَمْ يَقُمْ مَرَّةً عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ إِلَّا قَالَ فِي آخِرِ كَلَامِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ مَا زِلْتُ مَظْلُوماً مُنْذُ قَبَضَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ ص.
And it is reported by Abu Nueym Al Fazl Bin Dukeyn, from Umar Bin Abu Muslim who said, ‘We were seated in the presence of Ja’far Bin Amro Bin Hureys who said,
‘My father narrated to me that Ali-asws did not stand even once upon the pulpit except he-asws said at the end of his-asws speech before he-asws descended: ‘I-asws have not ceased to be oppressed since Allah-azwj Caused His-azwj Prophet-saww to pass away’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَنِ الْقَنَّادِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَحَّافِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي ذَرٍّ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَ عَلِيٌّ ع يُصَلِّي أَمَامَهُ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ أَ لَا تُحَدِّثُنِي بِأَحَبِّ النَّاسِ إِلَيْكَ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَ أَحَبَّهُمْ إِلَيْكَ أَحَبُّهُمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
And it is reported by Ibrahim, from Al Qannad, from Ali Bin Hashim, from Abu Al Jahhaf, from Muawiya Bin Sa’alba who said,
‘A man came to Abu Zarr-ra, and he-ra was seated in the Masjid, and Ali-asws was praying Salat in front of him-ra. He said, ‘O Abu Zarr-ra! Will you not narrated to me with the most beloved of the people to you-ra, for by Allah-azwj I know that the one most beloved to you-ra would be the most beloved one to Rasool-Allah-saww’.
قَالَ أَجَلْ وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِنَّ أَحَبَّهُمْ إِلَيَّ لَأَحَبُّهُمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ هَذَا الشَّيْخُ الْمَظْلُومُ الْمُضْطَهَدُ حَقُّهُ.
He-ra said, ‘Yes, by the One-azwj in Whose Hand is my-ra soul! The most beloved one to me-ra is the one most beloved to Rasool-Allah-saww, and it is this sheykh, the oppressed, the one-asws persecuted of his-asws rights’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ طُرُقٍ كَثِيرَةٍ أَنَّهُ ع كَانَ يَقُولُ أَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ يُحْشَرُ لِلْخُصُومَةِ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.
And it has been reported by many ways that he-asws had said: ‘I-asws would be the first one Resurrected for the disputing in front of Allah-azwj on the Day of Qiyamah’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ قَوْلُهُ ع يَا عَجَباً بَيْنَمَا يَسْتَقِيلُهَا فِي حَيَاتِهِ إِذْ عَقَدَهَا لِآخَرَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ.
And his-asws words: ‘O strange, that he (Abu Bakr) had resigned it during his lifetime when he was holding it for another one (Umar) after his death’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَائِشٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَحَّافِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَ لَا أُحَدِّثُكَ حَدِيثاً لَا يَخْتَلِطُ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ مَرِضَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ مَرَضاً شَدِيداً فَأَوْصَى إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ مَنْ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ لَوْ أَوْصَيْتَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كَانَ أَجْمَلَ مِنْ وَصِيَّتِكَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ قَدْ أَوْصَيْتُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَقّاً.
And it is reported by Ibrahim, from Ismail, from Usman Bin Saeed, from Ali Bin Ayish, from Abu Al Jahhaf, from Muawiya Bin Sa’alba having said,
‘Shall I narrate a Hadeeth to you will not be mixed up (confused)?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Abu Zarr-ra was ill with severe illness, so he-ra bequeathed to Ali-asws. One of ones who had entered to see him-ra said to him-ra, ‘If you could bequeath to Amir Al Momineen (Usman), it would be more beautiful than your-ra bequeathing to Ali-asws’. He-ra said: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-ra have bequeathed to the true Amir Al-Momineen’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَبَلَةَ الْكِنَانِيُّ عَنْ ذَرِيحٍ الْمُحَارِبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّ بُرَيْدَةَ كَانَ غَائِباً بِالشَّامِ فَقَدِمَ وَ قَدْ بَايَعَ النَّاسُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَأَتَاهُ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ هَلْ نَسِيتَ تَسْلِيمَنَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَاجِبَةً مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ
And it is reported by Abdullah Bin Habala Al Kinany, from Zareeh Al Muhariby, from Abu Hamza Al Sumali,
‘From Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws: ‘Bureyda was absent being in Syria. When he arrive the people had already pledged to Abu Bakr. He came to him in his gather and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Have you forgotten our greeting unto Ali-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, being an Obligation from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww?’
قَالَ يَا بُرَيْدَةُ إِنَّكَ غِبْتَ وَ شَهِدْنَا وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُحْدِثُ الْأَمْرَ بَعْدَ الْأَمْرِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنِ اللَّهُ لِيَجْمَعَ لِأَهْلِ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةَ وَ الْمُلْكَ.
He said, ‘O Bureyda! You were absent and we were present, and Allah-azwj the Exalted Brought about the Command after the Command, and Allah-azwj did not happen to gather for the People-asws of this Household, the Prophet-hood and the kingdom’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ الثَّقَفِيُّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ الْحِمَّانِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ حُرَيْثٍ عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْحِمَّانِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ كَانَ فِيمَا عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ النَّبِيُّ الْأُمِّيُّ أَنَّ الْأُمَّةَ سَتَغْدِرُ بِكَ.
And it is reported by Ibrahim Al Saqafy, from Yahya Bin Abdul Hameed Al Himany, from Amro Bin Hureys, from Habeeb Bin Abu Sabit, from Sa’alba Bin Yazeed Al Himani,
‘From Ali-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘Among what the Ummy Prophet-saww pacted to me-asws: ‘The community will be betraying you-asws’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْبَجَلِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ الْوَاسِطِيُّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي إِدْرِيسَ الْأَوْدِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: لَأَنْ أَخِرَّ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ فَتَخْطَفَنِي الطَّيْرُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَقُولَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ قَالَ لِي يَا عَلِيُّ سَتَغْدِرُ بِكَ الْأُمَّةُ بَعْدِي.
And it is reported by Ibrahim, from Ismail Bin Amro Al Bajali who said, ‘It is narrated to us by Husheym Bin Bashir Al Wasity, from Ismail Bin Salim Al Asady, from Abu Idrees Al Awdy,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘If I-asws were to fall from the sky to the earth, the bird picks me-asws up, it would be more beloved to me-asws than for me-asws to be saying I-asws heard (such and such) from Rasool-Allah-saww and I-asws had not heard it. He-saww said to me-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! The community will be betraying you-asws after me-saww’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى زَيْدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَقُولُ بَايَعَ النَّاسُ وَ اللَّهِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِهِمْ مِنِّي بِقَمِيصِي هَذَا فَكَظَمْتُ غَيْظِي وَ انْتَظَرْتُ أَمْرِي وَ أَلْزَقْتُ كَلْكَلِي بِالْأَرْضِ
And it is reported by Zayd son of Ali Bin Al Husayn-asws having said, ‘Ali-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! The people pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr and although I-asws was foremost with them with this shirt (caliphate) of mine. But I-asws swallowed my-asws anger and waited my-asws Command and affixed my-asws chest with the ground.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ هَلَكَ وَ اسْتَخْلَفَ عُمَرَ وَ قَدْ وَ اللَّهِ [أ] عَلِمَ أَنِّي أَوْلَى بِالنَّاسِ مِنِّي بِقَمِيصِي هَذَا فَكَظَمْتُ غَيْظِي وَ انْتَظَرْتُ أَمْرِي
Then Abu Bakr died, and made Umar the caliph, and by Allah-azwj, he knew I-asws was foremost with the people with this shirt (caliphate) of mine-asws. But, I-asws swallowed my-asws anger, and I-asws awaited my-asws Command.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ عُمَرَ هَلَكَ وَ جَعَلَهَا شُورَى وَ جَعَلَنِي فِيهِمْ سَادِسَ سِتَّةٍ كَسَهْمِ الْجَدَّةِ فَقَالَ اقْتُلُوا الْأَقَلَّ فَكَظَمْتُ غَيْظِي وَ انْتَظَرْتُ أَمْرِي وَ أَلْزَقْتُ كَلْكَلِي بِالْأَرْضِ حَتَّى مَا وَجَدْتُ إِلَّا الْقِتَالَ أَوِ الْكُفْرَ بِاللَّهِ.
Then Umar died and made it to a consultative council and made me-asws to be among them as sixth of six, like a share of a grandmother and he said, ‘Kill the minority’. So, I-asws swallowed my-asws anger and waited my-asws Command, and adhered my-asws chest with the ground until I-asws could not find except the fighting or the Kufr with Allah-azwj’’.
و روى جميع أهل السِّيَر أن أمير المؤمنين ع و العباس لما تنازعا في الميراث و تخاصما إلى عمر قال عمر من يعذرني من هذين ولي أبو بكر فقالا عقَّ و ظلم و الله يعلم أنه كان برا تقيا ثم وليت فقالا عقَّ و ظلم.
And all the recorders of the Seerah reported, ‘When Amir Al Momineen-asws and Al Abbas disputed regarding the inheritance and they took their case to Umar, Umar said, ‘Who can excuse me from these two. Abu Bakr was in charge’. They said, ‘He was disloyal and unjust, and Allah-azwj Knows he used to be righteous, pious, then turned around’. They said, ‘Disloyal and unjust’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى الْوَاقِدِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ الْجَمَلِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع حِينَ بُويِعَ خَطَبَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ حَقٌّ وَ بَاطِلٌ وَ لِكُلٍّ أَهْلٌ وَ لَئِنْ أَمِرَ الْبَاطِلُ لَقَدِيماً فَعَلَ وَ لَئِنْ قَلَّ الْحَقُّ لَرُبَّمَا وَ لَعَلَّ وَ لَقَلَّمَا أَدْبَرَ شَيْءٌ فَأَقْبَلَ
And it is reported by Al Waqidy (Wahabi imam) in the book ‘Al Jamal’, by his chain, ‘When allegiance was pledged to Amir Al Momineen-asws, he-asws addressed the people and extolled upon Him-azwj, then said: ‘Truth, and falsehood, and for each there are people and even if the matter of falsehood is ancient, do it and even if the truth is little maybe, rarely would something come back.
وَ إِنِّي لَأَخْشَى أَنْ تَكُونُوا فِي فَتْرَةٍ وَ مَا عَلَيَّ إِلَّا الِاجْتِهَادُ وَ قَدْ كَانَتْ أُمُورٌ مَضَتْ فَمِلْتُمْ فِيهَا مَيْلَةً كَانَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ مَا كُنْتُمْ فِيهَا عِنْدِي بِمَحْمُودِينَ
And I-asws fear that you would become in nature and there would be nothing upon me-asws except the struggle, and the matters have passed and you inclined in it an inclination which was upon you. During it you were not praised ones in my-asws presence.
أَمَا إِنِّي لَوْ أَشَاءُ لَقُلْتُ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَمَّا سَلَفَ سَبَقَ الرَّجُلَانِ وَ قَامَ الثَّالِثُ كَالْغُرَابِ هِمَّتُهُ بَطْنُهُ يَا وَيْلَهُ لَوْ قُصَّ جَنَاحَاهُ وَ قُطِعَ رَأْسُهُ لَكَانَ خَيْراً لَهُ فِي كَلَامٍ طَوِيلٍ بَعْدَهَا.
But I-asws, if I-asws so desired, would say: Allah Pardons from what is past [5:95]. The two men (Abu Bakr and Umar) preceded, and the third one (Usman) stood like the crow, his main concern was his belly. O woe be unto him! If wings had been clipped and his head cut off, it would have been better for him’ – in a lengthy speech after it’.
وَ رَوَى الطَّبَرِيُّ فِي تَارِيخِهِ عَنْ شُيُوخِهِ مِنْ طُرُقٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ لَمَّا طُعِنَ قِيلَ لَهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَوِ اسْتَخْلَفْتَ
And it is reported by Al Tabari in his history, from his elders, from the way of the adversaries, ‘When Umar Bin Al Khattab was stabbed, it was said to him, ‘O Amir Al Momineen, if only you would choose a caliph’.
قَالَ مَنْ أَسْتَخْلِفُ لَوْ كَانَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ حَيّاً لَاسْتَخْلَفْتُهُ فَإِنْ سَأَلَنِي رَبِّي قُلْتُ سَمِعْتُ نَبِيَّكَ ص يَقُولُ إِنَّهُ أَمِينُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ
He said, ‘Who can I choose as caliph? If Ubeyda Bin Al Jarrah had been alive, I would have chosen him as caliph, for if my Lord-azwj were to Ask me, I would say, ‘I heard You-azwj Prophet-saww saying he is a trustee of this community’.
وَ لَوْ كَانَ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ حَيّاً اسْتَخْلَفْتُهُ فَإِنْ سَأَلَنِي رَبِّي قُلْتُ سَمِعْتُ نَبِيَّكَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ سَالِماً شَدِيدُ الْحُبِّ لِلَّهِ
And if Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa would have been alive, I would have chosen his as caliph, so if my Lord-azwj were to Ask me, I would say, ‘I heard Your-azwj Prophet-saww saying that Saalim is of intense love for Allah-azwj’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَدُلُّكَ عَلَيْهِ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ فَقَالَ قَاتَلَكَ اللَّهُ وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَرَدْتُ اللَّهَ بِهَذَا وَيْحَكَ كَيْفَ أَسْتَخْلِفُ رَجُلًا عَجَزَ عَنْ طَلَاقِ امْرَأَتِهِ.
The man said to him, ‘I point you upon Abdullah Bin Umar’. He said, ‘May Allah-azwj Kill you! By Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj did not Want this. Woe be unto you! How can I choose a man to be caliph who is unable to even divorce his wife?’’ (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى الْبَلاذُرِيُّ فِي كِتَابِهِ الْمَعْرُوفِ بِتَارِيخِ الْأَشْرَافِ عَنْ عَفَّانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ كَانَ مُسْتَنِداً إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَ عِنْدَهُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ فَقَالَ اعْلَمُوا أَنِّي لَمْ أَقُلْ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ شَيْئاً وَ لَمْ أَسْتَخْلِفْ بَعْدِي أَحَداً وَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ وَفَاتِي مِنْ سَبْيِ الْعَرَبِ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ مِنْ مَالِ اللَّهِ
And it is reported by Al Balazury in his book well known as ‘Tareekh Al Ashraaf’ – From Affan Bin Muslim, from Hammad Bin Salama, from Ali Bin Zayd, from Abu Rafie,
‘Umar Bin Al Khattab used to trust Ibn Abbas, and Ibn Umare and Seed Bin Zayd were with him. He said, ‘Know that I am not saying anything regarding the person who has neither parents nor offspring, and am not making anyone a caliph after me, and the one who comes across my death from the captives of the Arabs, so he is free from the wealth of Allah-azwj’.
قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ أَمَا إِنَّكَ لَوْ أَشَرْتَ بِرَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ائْتَمَنَكَ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِي حِرْصاً سَيِّئاً وَ أَنَا جَاعِلٌ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ إِلَى النَّفَرِ السِّتَّةِ الَّذِينَ مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ عَنْهُمْ رَاضٍ
Saeed Bin Zayd said, ‘But if you could indicate to a man from the Muslims, the Muslims trust you’. Umar said, ‘I have seen greed and evil from my companions, and I am going to make this matter to six persons, those Rasool-Allah-saww was pleased from when he-saww passed away’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَوْ أَدْرَكَنِي أَحَدُ رَجُلَيْنِ لَجَعَلْتُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ إِلَيْهِ وَ لَوَثِقْتُ بِهِ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ.
Then he said, ‘If only I could come across one of the two men, I would have made this command to him and trust him with it – Saalim Mawla Abu Huzeyfa, and Abu Ubeyda Bin Al Jarrah’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَأَيْنَ أَنْتَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَاتَلَكَ اللَّهُ وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَرَدْتُ اللَّهَ بِهَذَا أَسْتَخْلِفُ رَجُلًا لَمْ يُحْسِنْ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ
A man said to him, ‘O Amir Al Momineen! So where are you from Abdullah Bin Umar?’ He said to him, ‘May Allah-azwj Kill you! By Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj did not Want this. Should I make caliph a man who is not even good at divorcing his wife?’
قَالَ عَفَّانُ يَعْنِي بِالرَّجُلِ الَّذِي أَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ بِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ.
Affan (the narrator) said, ‘He meant by the man who indicated to Abdullah Bin Umar, (it was) Al Mugheira Bin Shu’ba’. (Non-Shia source)
فَقَدْ رَوَى أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ جَابِرٍ الْبَلاذُرِيُّ وَ حَالُهُ فِي الثِّقَةِ عِنْدَ الْعَامَّةِ وَ الْبُعْدِ عَنْ مُقَارَبَةِ الشِّيعَةِ وَ الضَّبْطِ لِمَا يَرْوِيهِ مَعْرُوفَةٌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي بَكْرُ بْنُ الْهَيْثَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مُعَمَّرٍ عَنِ الْكَلْبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: بَعَثَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع حِينَ قَعَدَ عَنْ بَيْعَتِهِ وَ قَالَ ائْتِنِي بِهِ بِأَعْنَفِ الْعُنْفِ
It has been reported by Abu Al Hassan Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Jabir Al Balazuri, and his situation was in Taqiyya (dissimulation) in the presence of the general Muslims, and he distanced from closeness with the Shias, the exact of what he has reported is well known. He said, ‘It is narrated to me by Bakr Bin Al Haysam, from Abdul Razaq, from Muammar, from Al Kalby, from Abu Salih, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Abu Bakr sent Umar Bin Al Khattab to Ali-asws when he-asws sat back in his-asws house and said, ‘Come to me with him-asws with the most violent of violences!’
فَلَمَّا أَتَاهُ جَرَى بَيْنَهُمَا كَلَامٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ احْلِبْ حَلْباً لَكَ شَطْرُهُ وَ اللَّهِ مَا حِرْصُكَ عَلَى إِمَارَتِهِ الْيَوْمَ إِلَّا لِيُؤَمِّرَكَ غَداً وَ مَا نَنْفَسُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ وَ لَكِنَّا أَنْكَرْنَا تَرْكَكُمْ مُشَاوَرَتَنَا وَ قُلْنَا إِنَّ لَنَا حَقّاً لَا تَجْهَلُونَهُ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ فَبَايَعَهُ.
When he-asws came to him, speech flowed between the two. He-asws said to him: ‘Milk the milk for you, part of it has been strengthened for it today, tomorrow it would be returned to you as bitter; and we did not rival unto Abu Bakr of this command, but we disliked your neglecting consulting us, and we said, ‘There is a right for us, you should not be ignoring it’. Then he-asws went to him and pledged allegiance to him’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ قَدْ رَوَى الْبَلاذُرِيُّ عَنِ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ عَنْ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ مُحَارِبٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَرْسَلَ عُمَرَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع يُرِيدُهُ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ فَلَمْ يُبَايِعْ فَجَاءَ عُمَرُ وَ مَعَهُ قَبَسٌ فَتَلَقَّتْهُ فَاطِمَةُ ع عَلَى الْبَابِ فَقَالَتْ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أَ تَرَاكَ مُحْرِقاً عَلَيَّ بَابِي قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ ذَلِكِ أَقْوَى فِيمَا جَاءَ بِهِ أَبُوكِ وَ جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَبَايَعَ.
And Al Balazuri has reported from Al Madainy, from Maslama Bin Muharib, from Suleyman Al Taymi, from Ibn Awn,
‘Abu Bakr sent Umar to Ali-asws wanting him-asws to pledge the allegiance. But he-asws did not pledge. Umar came, and with him was a firebrand, and Fatima-asws faced him at the door. She-asws said: ‘O Ibn Al Khattab! Are you viewing to incinerate my-asws door upon me-asws?’ He said, ‘Yes, and that is more powerful regarding what your-asws father-saww came with’. Ali-asws came and pledged allegiance’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْبَجَلِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ الْعَامِرِيِّ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: وَ اللَّهِ مَا بَايَعَ عَلِيٌّ حَتَّى رَأَى الدُّخَانَ قَدْ دَخَلَ بَيْتَهُ.
And it is reported by Ibrahim Bin Saeed Al Saqafi, from Ahmad Bin Amro Al Bajaly, from Ahmad Bin Habeeb Al Aamiry, from Humran Bin Ayn,
‘From Abu Abdullah Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘By Allah-azwj! Ali-asws did not pledge allegiance until he-asws saw the smoke to have entered his-asws house’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى الْمَدَائِنِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَوْنٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا ارْتَدَّتِ الْعَرَبُ مَشَى عُثْمَانُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ إِنَّهُ لَا يَخْرُجُ أَحَدٌ إِلَى قِتَالِ هَذَا الْعَدُوِّ وَ أَنْتَ لَمْ تُبَايِعْ وَ لَمْ يَزَلْ بِهِ حَتَّى مَشَى إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَسُرَّ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بِذَلِكَ وَ جَدَّ النَّاسُ فِي الْقِتَالِ.
And it is reported by Al Madainy, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far, from Abu Awn who said,
‘When the Arabs reneged, Usman walked to Ali-asws and said, ‘O son-asws of an Uncle-as! No one is coming out to fight this enemy, and you-asws have yet to pledge allegiance’. And he did not cease to be with him-asws, until he-asws walked to Abu Bakr, and the Muslims rejoiced with that, and the people exerted regarding the fighting’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى الْبَلاذُرِيُّ عَنِ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جزي عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ عَلِيٌّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع بَعْدَ سِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ فَلَمَّا مَاتَتْ ضَرَعَ إِلَى صُلْحِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ لَا تَأْتِهِ وَحْدَكَ قَالَ فَمَا ذَا يَصْنَعُونَ بِي
And it is reported by Al Balazuri, from Al Madainy, from Abu Jazy, from Ma’mar, from Al Zuhry, from Urwah, from Ayesha (well-known fabricatress), who said,
‘Ali-asws did not pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr until (Syeda) Fatima-asws passed away, after six months. When she-asws had passed away, Abu Bakr begged for the reconciliation. He sent him-asws a message to pledge allegiance to him. Umar said to him, ‘Don’t go to him-asws alone’. He said, ‘What can they do with me’.
فَأَتَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ اللَّهِ مَا نَفِسْنَا عَلَيْكَ مَا سَاقَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ فَضْلٍ وَ خَيْرٍ وَ لَكِنَّا كُنَّا نَرَى أَنَّ لَنَا فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ نَصِيباً اسْتُبِدَّ بِهِ عَلَيْنَا
Abu Bakr came to him-asws, Ali-asws said to him: ‘By Allah-azwj we did not compete against you of what Allah-azwj has Ushered to you, from merit, and goodness. But, we saw that there should be a share for us in this command (but) you domineered with it upon us’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَرَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ قَرَابَتِي فَلَمْ يَزَلْ عَلِيٌّ يَذْكُرُ حَقَّهُ وَ قَرَابَتَهُ حَتَّى بَكَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ مِيعَادُكَ الْعَشِيَّةُ
Abu Bakr said, ‘By Allah-azwj! The kinship of Rasool-Allah-saww is more beloved to me and my own kindred’. Ali-asws did not cease to mention his-asws rights and his-asws kinship until Abu Bakr wept. He-asws said: ‘You appointment is the evening’.
فَلَمَّا صَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ الظُّهْرَ خَطَبَ فَذَكَرَ عَلِيّاً ع وَ بَيْعَتَهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِنِّي لَمْ يَحْبِسْنِي عَنْ بَيْعَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَلَّا أَكُونَ عَارِفاً بِحَقِّهِ لَكِنَّا كُنَّا نَرَى أَنَّ لَنَا فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ نَصِيباً اسْتُبِدَّ بِهِ عَلَيْنَا ثُمَّ بَايَعَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ أَصَبْتَ وَ أَحْسَنْتَ.
When Abu Bakr had prayed Al Zohr Salat, he addressed and mentioned Ali-asws and his-asws allegiance. Ali-asws said: ‘We did not withhold from pledging allegiance to Abu Bakr, but we saw that there should be a share for us in this command, (but) you domineered with it upon us’. Then he-asws Pledged allegiance to Abu bakr. The Muslims said, ‘You are correct and have done good’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ الثَّقَفِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ: مَا بَايَعَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَّا بَعْدَ سِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ وَ مَا اجْتُرِئَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا بَعْدَ مَوْتِ فَاطِمَةَ ع.
And it is reported by Ibrahim al Saqafi, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umar, from his father, from Salih Bin Abu Al Aswad, from Uqba Bin Sinan, from Al Zuhry who said,
‘Ali-asws did not pledge allegiance except after six months, and he-asws would not dare upon it except after the expiry of (Syeda) Fatima-asws’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى الثَّقَفِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْبَجَلِيِّ عَنْ نُوحِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ فَرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: جَاءَ بُرَيْدَةُ حَتَّى رَكَزَ رَايَتَهُ فِي وَسَطِ أَسْلَمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَا أُبَايِعُ حَتَّى يُبَايِعَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا بُرَيْدَةُ ادْخُلْ فِيمَا دَخَلَ فِيهِ النَّاسُ فَإِنَّ اجْتِمَاعَهُمْ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنِ اخْتِلَافِهِمُ الْيَوْمَ.
And it is reported by al Saqafi, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Aasim Bin Aamir Al Bajali, from Nuh Bin Darraj, from Muhammad Bin Is’haq, from Sufyan Bin Farwa, from his father who said,
‘Bureyda came until he focussed his view in the midst of (clan of) Aslam, then said, ‘I will not pledge allegiance until Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws pledges!’ Ali-asws said: ‘O Bureyda! Enter into what the people have entered into, for their unity is more beloved to me-asws today than their differing’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَرَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَالَ لَهُمْ بَايِعُوا فَإِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ خَيَّرُونِي أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا مَا لَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَوْ أُقَاتِلَهُمْ وَ أُفَرِّقَ أَمْرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.
And it is reported by Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umar, from Muhammad Bin Is’haq, from Musa Bin Abdullah Bin Al Hassan,
‘Ali-asws said to them: ‘Pledge allegiances (to Abu Bakr), for they have given me-asws a choice, if they were to take what isn’t for them, or I-asws fight them and divide the affairs of the Muslims’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْفُرَاتِ عَنْ قَلِيبِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ: أَبَتْ أَسْلَمُ أَنْ تُبَايِعَ فَقَالُوا مَا كُنَّا نُبَايِعُ حَتَّى يُبَايِعَ بُرَيْدَةُ لِقَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ ص لِبُرَيْدَةَ عَلِيٌّ وَلِيُّكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي
And it is reported by Ibrahim, from Yahya Bin Al Hassan Bin Al Furat, from Qaleyb Bin Hammad, from Musa Bin Abdullah Bin Al Hassan who said,
‘(The clan of) Aslam refused to pledge allegiance. They said, ‘We will not pledge allegiance until Bureyda pledges, due to the words of the Prophet-saww to Bureyda: ‘Ali-asws is your ruler from after me-saww’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا هَؤُلَاءِ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ خَيَّرُونَّا أَنْ يَظْلِمُونِي حَقِّي وَ أُبَايِعَهُمْ فَارْتَدَّ النَّاسُ حَتَّى بَلَغَتِ الرِّدَّةُ أَحَداً فَاخْتَرْتُ أَنْ أُظْلَمَ حَقِّي وَ إِنْ فَعَلُوا مَا فَعَلُوا.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Ali-asws said: ‘O you all! They have given us a choice. Either they oppress me-asws of my-asws rights and I-asws pledge allegiance to them. The people have turned apostates until the apostasy reach (every) one. So, I-asws chose to be oppressed of my-asws rights, and even if they do what they do’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ نُوحِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْأَوْدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ قَالَ: مَا رَحِمْتُ أَحَداً رَحْمَتِي عَلِيّاً حِينَ أُتِيَ بِهِ مُلَبَّباً فَقِيلَ لَهُ بَايِعْ قَالَ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَفْعَلْ قَالُوا إِذاً نَقْتُلَكَ قَالَ إِذاً تَقْتُلُونَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ وَ أَخَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ بَايَعَ كَذَا وَ ضَمَّ يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى.
And it is reported by Ibrahim, from Yahya Bin Al Hassan, from Aasim Bin Aamir, from Nuh Bin Darraj, from Dawood Bin Yazeed Al Awdy, from his father, from Aday Bin Hatim who said,
‘No one showed mercy like the mercy of Ali-asws when they came with him-asws tied up. It was said to him-asws, ‘Pledge allegiance’. He-asws said: ‘Suppose I-asws don’t do it?’ They said, ‘Then we will kill you-asws’. He-asws said: ‘Then you would be killing a servant of Allah-azwj and brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww!’ Then he-asws pledged allegiance like this, and fisted his-asws right hand’’. (Non-Shia source)
وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَخْلَدٍ الْبَجَلِيِّ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْأَوْدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ قَالَ: إِنِّي لَجَالِسٌ عِنْدَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ إِذْ جِيءَ بِعَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَايِعْ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع فَإِنْ أَنَا لَمْ أُبَايِعْ قَالَ أَضْرِبُ الَّذِي فِيهِ عَيْنَاكَ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ اشْهَدْ ثُمَّ مَدَّ يَدَهُ فَبَايَعَهُ.
And it is reported by Ibrahim, from Usman Bin Abu Shayba, from Khalid Bin Makhlad Al Bahily, from Dawood Bin Yazeed Al Awdy, from his father, from Aday Bin Hatim who said,
‘I was seated in the presence of Abu Bakr when they came with Ali-asws. Abu Bakr said to him-asws, ‘Pledge allegiance!’ Ali-asws said to him: ‘Supposing I-asws do not pledge allegiance?’ He said, ‘I will strike off that in which are your-asws eyes’. He-asws raised his-asws head towards the sky, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj, be Witness!’, then extended his-asws hand and pledged allegiance to him’’. (Non-Shia source)
قَدْ تَوَاتَرَ فِي رِوَايَاتِ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ ص مَنْ آذَى عَلِيّاً فَقَدْ آذَانِي.
And it has frequently recurred in the reports of the two sects (Shias and non-Shias), words of the Prophet-saww: ‘One who hurts Ali-asws, so he has hurt me-saww’’.
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 1
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 2
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 3
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 4
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 5
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 6
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 7
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 8
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 9
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 10
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 11
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 12
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 13 a
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 13 b
[15] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 14
[16] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 15
[17] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 16
[18] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 17
[19] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 18
[20] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 19
[21] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 20
[22] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 21
[23] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 22
[24] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 23
[25] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 24
[26] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 25
[27] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 26
[28] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 27
[29] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 28
[30] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 29
[31] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 30
[32] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 31
[33] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 32
[34] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 33
[35] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 34
[36] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 35
[37] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 36
[38] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 37
[39] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 38
[40] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 39
[41] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 40
[42] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 41
[43] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 42
[44] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 43
[45] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 44
[46] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 45
[47] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 46
[48] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 47
[49] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 48
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 49
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 50
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 51
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 52
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 53
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 54
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 55
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 56
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 57
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 58
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 59
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 60
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 61
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 62
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 63
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 64
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 65
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 66
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 28, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals, Ch 4 H 67