ج 29
Volume 29
Part 2 out of 2
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
12- باب العلّة التي من أجلها ترك أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام فدك لما ولي الناس
CHAPTER 12 – THE REASON DUE TO WHICH AMIR AL-MOMINEEN-asws LEFT FADAK WHEN HE-asws RULED THE PEOPLE
1- ع: الدَّقَّاقُ، عَنِ الْأَسَدِيِّ، عَنِ النَّخَعِيِّ، عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: لِمَ لَمْ يَأْخُذْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَدَكَ لَمَّا وَلِيَ النَّاسَ؟ وَ لِأَيِّ عَلَّةٍ تَرَكَهَا؟
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Al Daqqaiq, from Al Asady, from Al Nakhaie, from Al Nowfali, from Ali Bin Salim, from his father, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Why didn’t Amir Al-Momineen-asws seize Fadak when he-asws ruled the people? And for which reason did he-asws leave it?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ: لِأَنَّ الظَّالِمَ وَ الْمَظْلُومَةَ قَدْ كَانَا قَدِمَا عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَثَابَ اللَّهُ الْمَظْلُومَةَ وَ عَاقَبَ الظَّالِمَ، فَكَرِهَ أَنْ يَسْتَرْجِعَ شَيْئاً قَدْ عَاقَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ غَاصِبَهُ وَ أَثَابَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَغْصُوبَةَ.
He-asws said to him: ‘Because the oppressor and the oppressed would be coming forwards to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and Allah-azwj would Reward the oppressed and Punish the oppressor, so he-asws disliked that anything from the Punishment of Allah-azwj be retracted upon its usurper and the Reward the usurped one-asws upon it’’.[1]
2- ع: ابْنُ هَاشِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ تَرَكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَدَكاً لَمَّا وَلِيَ النَّاسَ؟
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Hashim, from his father, from his grandfather, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibrahim al Karkhy who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, I said to him-asws, ‘For which reason did Amir Al-Momineen-asws leave Fadak when he-asws ruled the people?’
فَقَالَ: لِلِاقْتِدَاءِ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَمَّا فَتَحَ مَكَّةَ وَ قَدْ بَاعَ عَقِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ دَارَهُ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! أَ لَا تَرْجِعُ إِلَى دَارِكَ؟
He-asws said: ‘For following Rasool-Allah-azwj when he-saww conquered Makkah, and Aqeel son of Abu Talib-asws had sold his-saww house. It was said to him-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Will you-saww not return to your-saww house?’
فَقَالَ (ص): وَ هَلْ تَرَكَ عَقِيلٌ لَنَا دَاراً، إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ لَا نَسْتَرْجِعُ شَيْئاً يُؤْخَذُ مِنَّا ظُلْماً، فَلِذَلِكَ لَمْ يَسْتَرْجِعْ فَدَكاً لَمَّا وَلِيَ.
He-saww said: ‘And has Aqeel left a house for us-saww?’ We-asws, People-asws of the Household do not return anything seized from us-asws unjustly’. Therefore, due to that, he-asws did not return Fadak when he-asws ruled’’.[2]
3- ن، ع: الْقَطَّانُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِمَ لَمْ يَسْتَرْجِعْ فَدَكَ لَمَّا وَلِيَ النَّاسَ؟
(The book) ‘Illal Sharaie’ – Al Qattan, from Ahmad Al Hamdani Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazzal, from his father,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about Amir Al-Momineen-asws, ‘Why did he-asws not return Fadak when he-asws ruled the people?’
فَقَالَ: لِأَنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ وَلِيُّنَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَا يَأْخُذُ لَنَا حُقُوقَنَا مِمَّنْ يَظْلِمُنَا إِلَّا هُوَ، وَ نَحْنُ أَوْلِيَاءُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، إِنَّمَا نَحْكُمُ لَهُمْ وَ نَأْخُذُ حُقُوقَهُمْ مِمَّنْ يَظْلِمُهُمْ، وَ لَا نَأْخُذُ لِأَنْفُسِنَا.
He-asws said: ‘Because we-asws, People-asws of the Household, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is In-charge of us-asws that no one would take our-asws rights for us-asws from the ones who oppress us-asws except He-azwj, and we-asws are the guardians of the Momineen. But rather, we-asws decide for them and we-asws take their rights from the ones who oppress them, and we-asws do not take for ourselves-asws’’.[3]
Notes: –
ما رواه الْفَخْرُ الرَّازِيُ وَ غَيْرُهُ مِنَ الْمُفَسِّرِينَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ: أَخَذَ مُسَيْلَمَةُ الْكَذَّابُ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ لِأَحَدِهِمَا: أَ تَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: أَ فَتَشْهَدُ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، وَ كَانَ مُسَيْلَمَةُ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ بَنِي حَنِيفَةَ، وَ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ رَسُولُ قُرَيْشٍ،
What is reported by Al Fakhr Al Razy and others from the interpreters, from Al Hassan who said,
‘Musaylama the liar (false prophet) seized two companions of Rasool-Allah-saww and said to one of them, ‘Are you testifying that Muhammad-saww is a Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj?’ He said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Do you testify that I am Rasool of Allah-azwj?’ He said, ‘Yes’. And Musaylama used to claim that he was a Rasool for the clan of Haneefa, and Muhammad-saww was a Rasool-saww of Quraysh.
فَتَرَكَهُ، وَ دَعَا الْآخَرَ فَقَالَ: أَ تَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ نَعَمْ نَعَمْ! قَالَ: أَ فَتَشْهَدُ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: إِنِّي أَصَمُّ .. ثَلَاثاً. فَقَدَّمَهُ وَ قَتَلَهُ،
He left him (alone), and called the other. He said, ‘Do you testify that Muhammad-saww is a Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj?’ He said, ‘Yes, Yes, Yes!’ He said, ‘Do you testify that I am Rasool of Allah-azwj?’ He said, ‘I am deaf’ – thrice. So, he brought him forward and killed him.
فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ: أَمَّا هَذَا الْمَقْتُولُ فَمَضَى عَلَى صِدْقِهِ وَ يَقِينِهِ فَهَنِيئاً لَهُ، وَ أَمَّا الْآخَرُ فَقَبِلَ رُخْصَةَ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَبِعَةَ عَلَيْهِ.
That reached Rasool-Allah-saww and he-saww said: ‘As for this killed one, he went upon his truthfulness and his conviction, so congratulations be to him; and as for the other, he accepted the Allowance of Allah-azwj, and did not follow upon it’’.
مَا رَوَاهُ الْخَاصَّةُ وَ الْعَامَّةُ أَنَّ أُنَاساً مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ فُتِنُوا فَارْتَدُّوا عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ بَعْدَ دُخُولِهِمْ فِيهِ، وَ كَانَ فِيهِمْ مَنْ أُكْرِهَ فَأَجْرَى كَلِمَةَ الْكُفْرِ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ
What is reported by the special ones (Shias) and the general ones (non-Shias) is that some people from the inhabitants of Makkah were tempted and they reneged from Al-Islam after their having entered into it, and among them was one who disliked it and the words of Kufr flowed upon his tongue.
مَعَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ بِقَلْبِهِ مُصِرّاً عَلَى الْإِيمَانِ مِنْهُمْ عَمَّارٌ وَ أَبَوَاهُ: يَاسِرٌ وَ سُمَيَّةُ، وَ صُهَيْبٌ وَ بِلَالٌ وَ خَبَّابٌ وَ سَالِمٌ عُذِّبُوا، وَ أَمَّا سُمَيَّةُ فَقَدْ رُبِطَتْ بَيْنَ بَعِيرَيْنِ وَ وُجِئَتْ فِي قُبُلِهَا بِحَرْبَةٍ، وَ قَالُوا: إِنَّكِ أَسْلَمْتِ مِنْ أَجْلِ الرِّجَالِ فَقُتِلَتْ، وَ قُتِلَ يَاسِرٌ، وَ هُمَا أَوَّلُ قَتِيلَيْنِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ،
And along with it was one who was determined upon the Eman with his heart – from them was Ammar and his father, and Sumayya, and Suheyb, and Bilal, and Khabab, and Salim who were tortured. And as for Sunayyah, she was tied up between two camels and was pained in accepting it forcibly, and they said, ‘You became a Muslim due to the men’. She was killed, and Yasser was killed, and they were both the first ones to be killed in Al-Islam.
وَ أَمَّا عَمَّارٌ فَقَدْ أَعْطَاهُمْ مَا أَرَادُوا بِلِسَانِهِ مُكْرَهاً، فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! إِنَّ عَمَّاراً كَفَرَ. فَقَالَ: كَلَّا، إِنَّ عَمَّاراً مُلِئَ إِيمَاناً مِنْ قَرْنِهِ إِلَى قَدَمِهِ، وَ اخْتَلَطَ الْإِيمَانُ بِلَحْمِهِ وَ دَمِهِ،
And as for Ammar, he gave them by his tongue what they wanted, unwillingly. It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Ammar has become a Kafir’. He-saww said: ‘Never! Ammar is filled with Eman from his head to his toes, and the Eman is mingled with his flesh and blood’.
فَأَتَى عَمَّارٌ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ هُوَ يَبْكِي، فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَمْسَحُ عَيْنَيْهِ يَقُولُ: مَا لَكَ! إِنْ عَادُوا لَكَ فَعُدْ لَهُمْ بِمَا قُلْتَ.
Ammar came to Rasool-Allah-saww and he was crying. Rasool-Allah-saww went on to wipe his eyes and saying: ‘What does it matter to you if they are enemies to you? Repeat to them what you said’.
خَبَرُ مَوْلَى الْحَضْرَمِيِّ أَكْرَهَهُ سَيِّدُهُ فَكَفَرَ ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ مَوْلَاهُ فَأَسْلَمَ وَ حَسُنَ إِسْلَامُهُمَا وَ هَاجَرَا.
The new of the slave of Al-Hazrami is that his master forced him, so he disbelieved. Then his slave became a Muslim, and both their Islam was good, and they emigrated’.
لَفْظُ الْبُخَارِيِّ وَ مُسْلِمٍ وَ الْمُوطَأِ وَ النَّسَائِيِّ- أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَخْبَرَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ [وَ آلِهِ] وَ سَلَّمَ قَالَ لَهَا: أَ لَمْ تَرَيْ أَنَّ قَوْمَكِ حِينَ بَنَوُا الْكَعْبَةَ اقْتَصَرُوا عَلَى قَوَاعِدِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ؟ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! أَ لَا تَرُدُّهَا عَلَى قَوَاعِدِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ؟ قَالَ: لَوْ لَا حِدْثَانُ قَوْمِكِ بِالْكُفْرِ لَفَعَلْتُ.
The words of Al Bukhari and Muslim and Mowta’a and al Nasaie, ‘Abdullah Muhammad Bin Abu Bakr informed about Abdullah Bin Umar,
‘From Ayesha (a non-Shia source), that Rasool-Allah-saww said to her, ‘Do you not see that your people, when they built the Kabah, they were short upon the foundations of Ibrahim-as?’ She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Will you-saww return it to the foundations of Ibrahim-as?’ He-saww said: ‘Had it not been two events of your people with the Kufr, I-saww would do so’’.
و مِنْ لَفْظِ الْبُخَارِيِّ وَ مُسْلِمٍ عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ [وَ آلِهِ] عَنِ الْجِدَارِ، أَ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ هُوَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قُلْتُ: فَمَا لَهُمْ لَمْ يُدْخِلُوهُ فِي الْبَيْتِ؟ قَالَ: إِنَّ قَوْمَكِ قَصُرَتْ بِهِمُ النَّفَقَةُ. قُلْتُ: فَمَا شَأْنُ بَابِهِ مُرْتَفِعاً؟
And from the words of Al Bukhari, and Muslim, from Al Aswad,
‘From Ayesha (a non-Shia source) who said, ‘I asked the Prophet-saww about the wall, ‘Is it from the House (Kabah)?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’. She said, ‘So what is the matter they are not including it in the House?’ He-saww said: ‘Your people had been short of the spending with them’. She said, ‘What is reasons its door is raised?’
قَالَ: فَعَلَ ذَلِكِ قَوْمُكِ لِيُدْخِلُوا مَنْ شَاءُوا وَ يَمْنَعُوا مَنْ شَاءُوا، وَ لَوْ لَا أَنَّ قَوْمَكِ حَدِيثُ عَهْدِهِمْ بِالْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَأَخَافُ أَنْ تُنْكِرَ قُلُوبُهُمْ أَنْ أُدْخِلَ الْجِدَارَ فِي الْبَيْتِ وَ أَنْ أُلْصِقَ بَابَهُ بِالْأَرْضِ.
He-saww said: ‘Your people did that in order to include the ones they desired and prevent the ones they desire, and had it not been for your people discussing their pacts in the pre-Islamic period so I-saww fear their hearts would deny, I-saww would include the wall in the House, and even if its door sticks to the ground’’.
و مِنْ لَفْظِ الْبُخَارِيِّ، عَنْ جَرِيرٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ رُومَانَ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ [وَ آلِهِ] قَالَ لَهَا: يَا عَائِشَةُ! لَوْ لَا أَنَّ قَوْمَكِ حَدِيثُ عَهْدٍ بِالْجَاهِلِيَّةِ لَأَمَرْتُ بِالْبَيْتِ فَهُدِمَ فَأَدْخَلْتُ فِيهِ مَا أُخْرِجَ مِنْهُ، وَ أَلْزَقْتُهُ بِالْأَرْضِ، وَ جَعَلْتُ لَهُ بَابَيْنِ، بَاباً شَرْقِيّاً وَ بَاباً غَرْبِيّاً، فَبَلَغْتُ بِهِ أَسَاسَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
And from the words of Al Bukhari, from Jareer, from Yazeed Bin Rowman, from Urwah,
‘From Ayesha (a non-Shia source) that the Prophet-saww said to her: ‘O Ayesha! Had it not been for your people discussing a pact in the Pre-Islamic period, I-saww would have constructed the House, and demolished, and included in it what had been thrown out from it, and made it stick to the ground (not raised), and would have made two doors to be for it – an eastern door and a western door, and reach with it the foundations of Ibrahim-as’.
فَذَلِكِ الَّذِي حَمَلَ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ عَلَى هَدْمِهِ. قَالَ يَزِيدُ: وَ شَهِدْتُ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ حِينَ هَدَمَهُ وَ بَنَاهُ وَ أَدْخَلَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْحِجْرِ، وَ قَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَسَاسَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حِجَارَةً كَأَسْنِمَةِ الْإِبِلِ،
So, that is which carried Ibn Al-Zubeyr upon demolishing it. Yazeed said, ‘And I witnessed Ibn Al-Zubeyr when he demolished it and (re)built it, and included in it from the (Black) Stone, and I had seen the foundations of Ibrahim-as, stones like the humps of camels’.
قَالَ جَرِيرٌ: فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَيْنَ مَوْضِعُهُ؟ قَالَ: أُرِيكَهُ الْآنَ، فَدَخَلْتُ مَعَهُ الْحِجْرَ، فَأَشَارَ إِلَى مَكَانٍ فَقَالَ: هَاهُنَا. فَخَرَرْتُ مِنَ الْحِجْرِ سِتَّةَ أَذْرُعٍ أَوْ نَحْوَهَا.
Jareer said, ‘I said to him, ‘Where is its place?’ He said, ‘I will show it now’. I entered the (Black) Stone with him, and he indicated to a place saying, ‘Over here!’ I fell down from the (Black) Stone, six cubits, or approximate to it’’.
13- باب علّة قعوده عليه السلام عن قتال من تأمّر عليه من الأوّلين، و قيامه إلى قتال من بغى عليه من الناكثين و القاسطين و المارقين، و علّة إمهال اللّه من تقدّم عليه، و فيه علّة قيام من قام من سائر الأئمّة و قعود من قعد منهم عليهم السلام.
CHAPTER 13 – REASON FOR HIS (ALI-asws) SITTING BACK FROM FIGHTING THE ONES FROM THE FORMER ONES WHO RULED UPON HIM-asws, AND HIS-asws STANDING TO FIGHT THE ONES WHO REBELLED AGAINST HIM-asws, FROM THE BREAKERS (OF THE COVENANT) AND THE RENEGADES AND THE DEVIANTS, AND REASON FOR ALLAH-azwj RESPITING THE ONE WHO CAME FORWARD TO HIM-asws, AND IN IT IS REASON OF THE ONE-asws FROM THE REST OF THE IMAMS-asws WHO MADE A STAND, AND THE SITTING BACK BY THE ONE-asws FROM THEM-asws WHO SAT BACK
1- ج: رُوِيَ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَانَ جَالِساً فِي بَعْضِ مَجَالِسِهِ بَعْدَ رُجُوعِهِ عَنِ النَّهْرَوَانِ فَجَرَى الْكَلَامُ حَتَّى قِيلَ: لِمَ لَا حَارَبْتَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ كَمَا حَارَبْتَ طَلْحَةَ وَ الزُّبَيْرَ وَ مُعَاوِيَةَ؟.
(The book) ‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – It is reported that Amir Al-Momineen-asws was seated in one of his-asws gathering after his-asws return from (the battle of) Al-Naharwan. The talk flowed until it was said, ‘Why didn’t you-asws battle against Abu Bakr and Umar just as you-asws battled against Talha, and Al-Zubeyr and Muawiya?’
فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: إِنِّي كُنْتُ لَمْ أَزَلْ مَظْلُوماً مُسْتَأْثَراً عَلَى حَقِّي، فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ أَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! لِمَ لَمْ تَضْرِبْ بِسَيْفِكَ وَ تَطْلُبْ بِحَقِّكَ؟!
He-asws said: ‘I-asws have not ceased to be oppressed, preferred over upon my-asws rights’. Ash’as Bin Qays-la stood up to him-asws and said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Why did you-asws not strike with your-asws sword and sought your-asws right?’
فَقَالَ: يَا أَشْعَثُ! قَدْ قُلْتَ قَوْلًا فَاسْمَعِ الْجَوَابَ وَ عِهْ وَ اسْتَشْعِرِ الْحُجَّةَ، إِنَّ لِي أُسْوَةً بِسِتَّةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ:
He-asws said: ‘O Ash’as-la ! You have said a word, so listen to the answer, and retain it, and realise the argument. There are exemplary examples for me-asws from the Prophets-as, may the Salawat of Allah-azwj be upon them-as all.
أَوَّلُهُمْ: نُوحٌ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَيْثُ قَالَ: أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ فَانْتَصِرْ، فَإِنْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ: إِنَّهُ قَالَ لِغَيْرِ خَوْفٍ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ، وَ إِلَّا فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
The first of them-as is Noah-as when he-as said: ‘‘I am overcome, so Help!’ [54:10]. So if a speaker were to say he-as had said to for other than fear, so he has blasphemed, and except for the successor-asws there is an excuse.
وَ ثَانِيهِمْ: لُوطٌ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَيْثُ قَالَ: لَوْ أَنَّ لِي بِكُمْ قُوَّةً أَوْ آوِي إِلى رُكْنٍ شَدِيدٍ. فَإِنْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ: إِنَّهُ قَالَ هَذَا لِغَيْرِ خَوْفٍ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ، وَ إِلَّا فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
And their-as second is Lut-as when he-as said: ‘If only there was strength for me against you, or a recourse to a strong support’ [11:80], So, if a speaker were to say that Lut-as said it for other than fear, he has blasphemed, and except for the successor-asws there is an excuse.
وَ ثَالِثُهُمْ: إِبْرَاهِيمُ خَلِيلُ اللَّهِ حَيْثُ قَالَ: وَ أَعْتَزِلُكُمْ وَ ما تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ. فَإِنْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ: إِنَّهُ قَالَ هَذَا لِغَيْرِ خَوْفٍ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ، وَ إِلَّا فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
And their-as third is Ibrahim-as the Friend of Allah-azwj when he-as said: And I will withdraw from you and what you call on besides Allah, [19:48]. So, if a speaker were to say he-as said this for other than fear, he has blasphemed, and except for the successor-asws, there is an excuse.
وَ رَابِعُهُمْ: مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَيْثُ قَالَ: فَفَرَرْتُ مِنْكُمْ لَمَّا خِفْتُكُمْ. فَإِنْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ: إِنَّهُ قَالَ هَذَا لِغَيْرِ خَوْفٍ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ، وَ إِلَّا فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
And their-as fourth is Musa-as when he-as said: ‘So I fled from you when I feared you. [26:21]. So, if a speaker were to say he-as said this for other than fear, he has blasphemed, and except for the successor-asws there is an excuse.
وَ خَامِسُهُمْ: أَخُوهُ هَارُونُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَيْثُ قَالَ: ابْنَ أُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَ كادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي. فَإِنْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ: إِنَّهُ قَالَ هَذَا لِغَيْرِ خَوْفٍ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ، وَ إِلَّا فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
And their-as fifth one is his-as brother-as Haroun-as when he-as said: He said: ‘Son of my mother! Surely the people weakened me and they almost killed me, [7:150]. So, if a speaker were to say he-as said this for other than fear, so he has blasphemed, and except for the successor-asws there is an excuse.
وَ سَادِسُهُمْ: أَخِي مُحَمَّدٌ سَيِّدُ الْبَشَرِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ حَيْثُ ذَهَبَ إِلَى الْغَارِ وَ نَوَّمَنِي عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ، فَإِنْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ: إِنَّهُ ذَهَبَ إِلَى الْغَارِ لِغَيْرِ خَوْفٍ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ، وَ إِلَّا فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
And their-as sixth is my-asws brother-saww Muhammad-saww, chief of the mortals, when he-saww went to the cave and made me-asws sleep upon his-saww bed. So, if a speaker were to say he-saww went to the cave for other than fear, so he has blasphemed, and except for the successor-asws there is an excuse.
فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ فَقَالُوا: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! قَدْ عَلِمْنَا أَنَّ الْقَوْلَ قَوْلُكَ وَ نَحْنُ الْمُذْنِبُونَ التَّائِبُونَ، وَ قَدْ عَذَرَكَ اللَّهُ!.
The people in their entirety stood up to him-asws and they said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! You-asws have taught us that the (final) word is your-asws word, and we are the sinners, the repentant, and Allah-azwj has Excused you-asws!’’[4]
2- ج: عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ مُوسَى، عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: خَطَبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ خُطْبَةً بِالْكُوفَةِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي آخِرِ كَلَامِهِ قَالَ: إِنِّي لَأَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالنَّاسِ وَ مَا زِلْتُ مَظْلُوماً مُنْذُ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ،
(The book) ‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – From Is’haq son of Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws addressed a sermon at Al-Kufa. When it was at the end of his-asws speech, he-asws said: ‘I-asws am foremost of the people with the people, and I-asws have not ceased to be oppressed since Rasool-Allah-saww passed away’.
فَقَامَ الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! لَمْ تَخْطُبْنَا خُطْبَةً مُنْذُ قَدِمْتَ الْعِرَاقَ إِلَّا وَ قُلْتَ: وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالنَّاسِ، وَ مَا زِلْتُ مَظْلُوماً مُنْذُ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ! وَ لَمَّا وَلِيَ تَيْمٌ وَ عَدِيٌّ، أَلَّا ضَرَبْتَ بِسَيْفِكَ دُونَ ظُلَامَتِكَ؟!
Al-Ash’as Bin Qays-la, may Allah-azwj Curse him-la, stood up and said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! You-asws have not addressed us with any sermon since you-asws arrived in Al-Iraq except and you-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws am foremost of the people with the people, and I-asws have not ceased to be oppressed since Rasool-Allah-saww passed away! And when you-asws ruled over (the clans of) Taym (Abu Bakr’s clan) and Uday (Umar’s clan), you-asws did not strike with your-asws sword facing your-asws oppressors?!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ وَ سَلَامُهُ عَلَيْهِ: يَا ابْنَ الْخَمَّارَةِ! قَدْ قُلْتَ قَوْلًا فَاسْتَمِعْ، وَ اللَّهِ مَا مَنَعَنِي الْجُبْنُ وَ لَا كَرَاهِيَةُ الْمَوْتِ، وَ لَا مَنَعَنِي ذَلِكَ إِلَّا عَهْدُ أَخِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ،
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to him: ‘O Ibn Al-Khamara! You have said a word, so listen. By Allah-azwj! I-asws was neither prevented by the cowardice, nor abhorrence of the death. Nothing prevented me-asws of that except a pact of my-asws brother-saww Rasool-Allah-saww.
خَبَّرَنِي وَ قَالَ: يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ! إِنَّ الْأُمَّةَ سَتَغْدِرُ بِكَ وَ تَنْقُضُ عَهْدِي، وَ إِنَّكَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى.
He-saww informed me-asws and said: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! The community will be treacherous with you-asws, and will break my-saww covenant, and you-asws are from me-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as’.
فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! فَمَا تَعْهَدُ إِلَيَّ إِذَا كَانَ كَذَلِكَ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنْ وَجَدْتَ أَعْوَاناً فَبَادِرْ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ جَاهِدْهُمْ، وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً فَكُفَّ يَدَكَ وَ احْقُنْ دَمَكَ حَتَّى تَلْحَقَ بِي مَظْلُوماً.
I-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! So, what is your-saww advice to me-asws, when that happens?’ He-saww said: ‘If you-asws find supporters, then rush to them and fight them, but if you-asws do not find supporters, then withhold your-asws hand and save your-asws blood until you-asws join up with me-saww as an oppressed one’.
فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اشْتَغَلْتُ بِدَفْنِهِ وَ الْفَرَاغِ مِنْ شَأْنِهِ، ثُمَّ آلَيْتُ يَمِيناً أَنِّي لَا أَرْتَدِي إِلَّا لِلصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى أَجْمَعَ الْقُرْآنَ، فَفَعَلْتُ،
When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, I-asws was pre-occupied with burying him-asws, and (trying to be) free from his-saww concern. Then I-asws vowed that I-asws will not wear a cloak except for the Salat until I-asws collect the Quran. I-asws did so.
ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ بِيَدِ فَاطِمَةَ وَ ابْنَيَّ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ثُمَّ دُرْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ وَ أَهْلِ السَّابِقَةِ فَنَاشَدْتُهُمْ حَقِّي وَ دَعَوْتُهُمْ إِلَى نَصْرِي، فَمَا أَجَابَنِي مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةُ رَهْطٍ: سَلْمَانُ وَ عَمَّارٌ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ،
Then I-asws held a hand of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and my-asws two sons-asws Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, then I-asws circled unto the people of Badr, and the people of precedence. I-asws adjured them of my-asws right and called them to help me-asws, but none from them answered me-asws except a group of four – Salman-ra, and Ammar, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra.
وَ ذَهَبَ مَنْ كُنْتُ أَعْتَضِدُ بِهِمْ عَلَى دِينِ اللَّهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي، وَ بَقِيتُ بَيْنَ خَفِيرَتَيْنِ قَرِيبَيِ الْعَهْدِ بِجَاهِلِيَّةٍ: عَقِيلٍ وَ الْعَبَّاسِ.
And the ones from my-asws family members I-asws used to expect support with them upon the Religion of Allah-azwj were gone, and I-asws remained between two guards – Aqeel and Al-Abbas’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْأَشْعَثُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! كَذَلِكَ كَانَ عُثْمَانُ لَمَّا لَمْ يَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً كَفَّ يَدَهُ حَتَّى قُتِلَ مَظْلُوماً؟.
Al-Ash’as-la said to him-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Similar to that was Usman when he did not find supporters, he restrained his hand until he was killed as an oppressed one?’
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ: يَا ابْنَ الْخَمَّارَةِ! لَيْسَ كَمَا قِسْتَ، إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ لَمَّا جَلَسَ جَلَسَ فِي غَيْرِ مَجْلِسِهِ، وَ ارْتَدَى بِغَيْرِ رِدَائِهِ، وَ صَارَعَ الْحَقَّ فَصَرَعَهُ الْحَقُّ، وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً بِالْحَقِّ لَوْ وَجَدْتُ يَوْمَ بُويِعَ أَخُو تَيْمٍ أَرْبَعِينَ رَهْطاً لَجَاهَدْتُهُمْ فِي اللَّهِ إِلَى أَنْ أُبْلِيَ عُذْرِي.
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘O Ibn Al-Khamara! It isn’t as you are comparing. When Usman sat, he sat in other than his (rightful) seat, and wore an apparel with other than his (rightful) apparel, and wrestled the truth, so the truth wrestled him. By the One-azwj Who Sent Muhammad-saww with the truth! If I-asws had found supporters on the day the brother of Taym was pledged allegiance to, a group of forty, I-asws would have fought them for the Sake of Allah-azwj until my-asws excuse was done’.
ثُمَّ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! إِنَّ الْأَشْعَثَ لَا يَزِنُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ جَنَاحَ بَعُوضَةٍ، وَ إِنَّهُ أَقَلُّ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ مِنْ عَفْطَةِ عَنْزٍ.
Then (he-asws said): ‘O you people! Surely Al-Ash’as does not even weigh a wing of a mosquito in the Presence of Allah-azwj, and he is less in the Religion of Allah-azwj than the sneeze of a goat’’.[5]
3- ج: رُوِيَ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ تِسْعَ نِسْوَةٍ، وَ كَانَتْ لَيْلَتِي وَ يَوْمِي مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، فَأَتَيْتُ الْبَابَ فَقُلْتُ: أَدْخُلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ (ص)؟ فَقَالَ: لَا.
(The book) ‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – From Umm Salama-ra, wife of Rasool-Allah-saww, she-ra said, ‘We were nine women in the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww, and it was my-ra night and my-ra day from Rasool-Allah-saww. I-ra came to the door and said, ‘Can I-ra enter, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘No’.
قَالَتْ: فَكَبَوْتُ كَبْوَةً شَدِيدَةً مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَكُونَ رَدَّنِي مِنْ سَخَطِهِ، أَوْ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ، ثُمَّ لَمْ أَلْبَثْ أَنْ أَتَيْتُ الْبَابَ ثَانِيَةً فَقُلْتُ: أَدْخُلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ: لَا.
She-ra said, ‘I-asws felt dejected with a severe dejection fearing that he-saww mighty have rejected me-asws from his-saww anger, or (maybe) something had been Revealed regarding me-ra from the sky. Then I-ra did not wait long before I-ra came back at the door for a second time and said, ‘Can I-ra enter, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘No’.
قَالَتْ: فَكَبَوْتُ كَبْوَةً أَشَدَّ مِنَ الْأُولَى، ثُمَّ لَمْ أَلْبَثْ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ الْبَابَ ثَالِثَةً فَقُلْتُ: أَدْخُلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ: ادْخُلِي يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ، فَدَخَلْتُ وَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ جَاثٍ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ: فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَ أُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِذَا كَانَ .. كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَمَا تَأْمُرُنِي؟ قَالَ: آمُرُكَ بِالصَّبْرِ ..
She-ra said, ‘I-asws felt dejected more severely than the first dejection. Then I-ra did not wait until I-ra came to the door a third time and said, ‘Can I-ra enter, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘Enter, O Umm Salama-ra’. So, I-ra entered and Ali-asws was (sitting) crouched in front of him-saww, and he-asws was saying: ‘May my-asws father-asws and my-asws mother-asws be sacrificed for you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww! When such and such happens, what are your-saww instructions for me-asws?’ He-saww said: ‘I-saww instruct you-asws to be with patience’.
ثُمَّ أَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْلَ ثَانِيَةً فَأَمَرَهُ بِالصَّبْرِ .. ثُمَّ أَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْلَ ثَالِثَةً، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا عَلِيُّ! يَا أَخِي! إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ فَسُلَّ سَيْفَكَ وَ ضَعْهُ عَلَى عَاتِقِكَ وَ اضْرِبْ قُدُماً قُدُماً حَتَّى تَلْقَانِي وَ سَيْفُكَ شَاهِرٌ يَقْطُرُ مِنْ دِمَائِهِمْ،
Then he-asws repeated to him-saww secondly, and he-saww instructed him-asws with the patience. Then he-asws repeated to him-asws the words for a third time. He-saww said to him-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! O my-saww brother-asws! When that happens from them, then bare your-asws sword and place it upon your-asws shoulder and strike going ahead, ahead, until you-asws meet me-saww while your-asws sword is dripping from their blood’.
ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ وَ قَالَ: مَا هَذِهِ الْكَآبَةُ يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ؟ قُلْتُ: لِلَّذِي كَانَ مِنْ رَدِّكَ إِيَّايَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ.
Then he-saww turned towards me and said: ‘What is this dejection, O Umm Salama-ra?’ I-ra said, ‘For which was from your-saww rejecting me-ra, O Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَقَالَ لِي: وَ اللَّهِ مَا رَدَدْتُكِ إِلَّا لِشَيْءٍ خير [خُبِّرْتُ] مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ، وَ لَكِنْ أَتَيْتِنِي وَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يُخْبِرُنِي بِالْأَحْدَاثِ الَّتِي تَكُونُ بَعْدِي، وَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أُوصِيَ بِذَلِكِ عَلِيّاً (ع)،
He-saww said to me-ra: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-saww did not rejected you-asws except for something good, being a Choice from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww. But, you-saww came to me-saww while Jibraeel-as was informing me-asws with the event which would be occurring after me-saww, and instructed me-saww that I-saww bequeath Ali-asws with that.
يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ! اسْمَعِي وَ اشْهَدِي هَذَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ (ع) وَزِيرِي فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ وَزِيرِي فِي الْآخِرَةِ،
O Umm Salama-ra! Listen and witness! This Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is my-saww Vizier in the world and the Hereafter.
يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ اسْمَعِي وَ اشْهَدِي هَذَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ (ع) وَصِيِّي وَ خَلِيفَتِي مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ قَاضِي عِدَاتِي وَ الذَّائِدُ عَنْ حَوْضِي،
O Umm Salama-ra! Listen and witness! This Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is my-saww successor-asws, and my-saww caliph from after me-asws, and the fulfiller of my-saww promises, and the defender from my-saww Fountain.
اسْمَعِي وَ اشْهَدِي هَذَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ سَيِّدُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ إِمَامُ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَ قَائِدُ الْغُرِّ الْمُحَجَّلِينَ، وَ قَاتِلُ النَّاكِثِينَ وَ الْقَاسِطِينَ وَ الْمَارِقِينَ.
Listen and witness! This Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is chief of the Muslims, and Imam-asws of the pious, and guide of the resplendent, and killer of the breakers (of the covenant), and the renegades, and the deviants’.
قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! مَنِ النَّاكِثُونَ؟ قَالَ: الَّذِينَ يُبَايِعُونَهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَ يُقَاتِلُونَهُ بِالْبَصْرَةِ.
I-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Who are the breakers (of the covenant)?’ He-saww said: ‘Those pledging allegiances at Al-Medina and fighting at Al-Basra’.
قُلْتُ: مَنِ الْقَاسِطُونَ؟ قَالَ: مُعَاوِيَةُ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ.
I-asws said, ‘Who are the renegades?’ He-saww said: ‘Muawiya and his companions from the people of Syria’.
قُلْتُ: مَنِ الْمَارِقُونَ؟ قَالَ: أَصْحَابُ النَّهْرَوَانَ.
I-ra said, ‘Who are the deviants?’ He-saww said: ‘Companions of Al-Nahrwan’’.[6]
4- لي: ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ، عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ مِثْلَهُ.
(The book) ‘Amaali’ of sheykh Al Tusi – Ibn Al Waleed, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Sayrafi, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mudfazzal,
‘From Al Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws – similar to it’.[7]
5- ما: الْغَضَائِرِيُّ، عَنِ الصَّدُوقِ مِثْلَهُ.
(The book) ‘Amaali’ of sheykh Al Sadouq – Al Gazairy, from Al Sadouq – similar to it’.[8]
6- ج: رُوِيَ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ فِي أَثْنَاءِ خُطْبَةٍ خَطَبَهَا بَعْدَ فَتْحِ الْبَصْرَةِ بِأَيَّامٍ حَاكِياً عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَوْلَهُ: يَا عَلِيُّ! إِنَّكَ بَاقٍ بَعْدِي وَ مُبْتَلًى بِأُمَّتِي، وَ مُخَاصِمٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ، فَأَعِدَّ لِلْخُصُومِ جَوَاباً.
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – It is reported that,
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said during a sermon he-asws addressed after the victory at Al-Basra by (some) days, narrating from the Prophet-saww his-saww words: ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws will remain after me-saww and be tried by my-saww community, and be a disputer in front of Allah-azwj, so prepare an answer for the dispute’.
فَقُلْتُ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي بَيِّنْ لِي مَا هَذِهِ الْفِتْنَةُ الَّتِي أُبْتَلَى بِهَا؟ وَ عَلَى مَا أُجَاهِدُ بَعْدَكَ؟
I-asws said: ‘May my-asws father-asws and my-asws mother-asws (be sacrificed) for you-saww! Explain this Fitna (strife) to me-asws which I-asws would be tried with? And upon what I-asws should be fighting, after you-saww?’
فَقَالَ لِي: إِنَّكَ سَتُقَاتِلُ بَعْدِي النَّاكِثَةَ وَ الْقَاسِطَةَ وَ الْمَارِقَةَ .. وَ حَلَّاهُمْ وَ سَمَّاهُمْ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا، وَ تُجَاهِدُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي كُلَّ مَنْ خَالَفَ الْقُرْآنَ وَ سُنَّتِي مِمَّنْ يَعْمَلُ فِي الدِّينِ بِالرَّأْيِ، فَلَا رَأْيَ فِي الدَّيْنِ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ أَمْرُ الرَّبِّ وَ نَهْيُهُ.
He-saww said to me-asws: ‘You-asws will be fighting after me-saww, the breakers (of the covenant), and the renegades, and the deviants’, and he-saww described them and named them, man by man, ‘And you will be fighting from my-saww community, everyone who opposes the Quran and my-saww Sunnah, from the ones who act by the opinion in the Religion. There are no opinions in the Religion, but rather it is a Command of the Lord-azwj and His-azwj Prohibitions’.
فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! فَأَرْشِدْنِي إِلَى الْفَلْجِ عِنْدَ الْخُصُومَةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ؟. فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ، إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ فَاقْتَصِرْ عَلَى الْهُدَى إِذَا قَوْمُكَ عَطَفُوا الْهُدَى عَلَى الْهَوَى، وَ عَطَفُوا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى الرَّأْيِ فَيَتَأَوَّلُوهُ بِرَأْيِهِمْ بِتَتَبُّعِ الْحُجَجِ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ بِمُشْتَبِهَاتِ الْأَشْيَاءِ الطَّارِئَةِ عِنْدَ الطُّمَأْنِينَةِ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا،
I-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Can you-saww guide me-asws to the success at the Fountain on the Day of Qiyamah?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes. When that happens, then be restrictive upon the guidance when your-asws people are sympathetic to being guided upon the whims, and they are sympathetic with the Quran upon the opinion, so they would be reciting it by their opinions, pursuing the argument from the Quran with the allegorical things, being reassured to the world.
فَاعْطِفْ أَنْتَ الرَّأْيَ عَلَى الْقُرْآنِ إِذَا قَوْمُكَ حَرَّفُوا الْكَلِمَ عَنْ مَوَاضِعِهِ عِنْدَ الْأَهْوَاءِ النَّاهِيَةِ وَ الْآرَاءِ الطَّامِحَةِ، وَ الْقَادَةِ النَّاكِثَةِ، وَ الْفِرْقَةِ الْقَاسِطَةِ، وَ الْأُخْرَى الْمَارِقَةِ أَهْلِ الْإِفْكِ الْمُرْدِي، وَ الْهَوَى الْمُطْغِي، وَ الشُّبْهَةِ الْحَالِقَةِ، فَلَا تَنْكُلَنَّ عَنْ فَضْلِ الْعَاقِبَةِ، فَإِنَّ الْعَاقِبَةَ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ.
So, you-asws be with the view upon the Quran when your-asws people alter the word from its place at the passionate ambitions and the aspiring opinions, and (take) the breakers (of the covenant) as guides, and the renegade sects, the others being the deviants, the people of blatant lies, the apostates, and the fanciful passions, and the destructive suspicions. So, you-asws don’t deny the merit of the end-result, for the end-result is for the pious’’.[9]
7- ج عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ: يا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ جاهِدِ الْكُفَّارَ وَ الْمُنافِقِينَ.. قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: لَأُجَاهِدَنَّ الْعَمَالِقَةَ- يَعْنِي الْكُفَّارَ وَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ- فَأَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ: أَنْتَ أَوْ عَلِيٌّ؟.
(The book) ‘Ihtijaj’ – From Ibn Abbas who said,
‘When it was Revealed: Fight the Kafirs and the hypocrites [9:73], the Prophet-saww said: ‘I-saww will fight the Amalekites’ – meaning the Kafirs and the hypocrites. Jibraeel-as came to him-saww and said: ‘Either you-saww or Ali-asws’’.[10]
8- ج: رَوَى جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ قَالَ: إِنِّي كُنْتُ لَأَدْنَاهُمْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ بِمِنًى فَقَالَ: لأعرفتكم [لَأَعْرِفَنَّكُمْ] تَرْجِعُونَ بَعْدِي كُفَّاراً يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ، وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ فَعَلْتُمُوهَا لَتَعْرِفُنِّي فِي الْكَتِيبَةِ الَّتِي تُضَارِبُكُمْ،
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – It is reported by Jabir Bin Abdullah Al Ansari who said,
‘I was the one closest to Rasool-Allah-saww during the farewell Hajj, at Mina. He-saww said: ‘I-saww do recognise you all. You will be returning to be Kafirs after me-saww, striking the necks of each other, and I-saww swear by Allah-azwj! If you were to do it, you will be recognising me-saww in the battalion which will be striking you’.
ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى خَلْفِهِ فَقَالَ: أَوْ عَلِيّاً .. ثَلَاثاً، فَرَأَيْنَا أَنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ غَمَزَهُ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: فَإِمَّا نَذْهَبَنَّ بِكَ فَإِنَّا مِنْهُمْ مُنْتَقِمُونَ بِعَلِيٍ أَوْ نُرِيَنَّكَ الَّذِي وَعَدْناهُمْ فَإِنَّا عَلَيْهِمْ مُقْتَدِرُونَ.
Then he-saww turned to behind him-saww and said: ‘Or it would be Ali-asws’ – thrice. Then we saw that Jibraeel-as had touched him-asws, and Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: So if We were to Take you away, We would still Take Revenge from them [43:41] by Ali-asws, Or We will show you that which We Promised them, for We are Powerful upon them [43:42]’’.[11]
9- ج: عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَانَ يَقُولُ- فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ-: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: وَ ما مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ ماتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلى أَعْقابِكُمْ
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – From Ibn Abbas,
‘Ali-asws was saying, during the lifetime of Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Says: And Muhammad is not except for a Rasool; the Rasools have already passed away before him; so if he dies or is killed will you turn back upon your heels? [3:144].
وَ اللَّهِ لَا نَنْقَلِبُ عَلَى أَعْقَابِنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَانَا اللَّهُ، وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ مَاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ لَأُقَاتِلَنَّ عَلَى مَا قَاتَلَ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى أَمُوتَ، لِأَنِّي أَخُوهُ وَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ وَ وَارِثُهُ، فَمَنْ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنِّي؟.
By Allah-azwj! We-asws will not turn back upon our-asws heels after when Allah-azwj has Guided us-asws. By Allah-azwj! If he-saww were to pass away or is killed, I-asws will fight upon what he-saww had fought upon until I-asws pass away, because I-asws am his-saww brother-asws, and son-asws of his-saww uncle-as, and his-saww inheritor. So, who is more rightful with it than me-asws?’’[12]
10- ج: عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ عُبَادَةَ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ فِي وِلَايَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا عُمَارَةَ! كَانَ النَّاسُ عَلَى تَفْضِيلِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْتَخْلِفَ؟
(The book) ‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – From Ahmad Bin Hammam who said,
‘I went to Ubada Bin Al-Samit during the rule of Abu Bakr and I said, ‘O Abu Umara! Were the people upon preferring Abu Bakr before he became caliph?’
فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا ثَعْلَبَةَ! إِذَا سَكَتْنَا عَنْكُمْ فَاسْكُتُوا وَ لَا تَبْحَثُوا، فَوَ اللَّهِ لَعَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ كَانَ أَحَقَّ بِالْخِلَافَةِ مِنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ كَمَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَحَقَّ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ مِنْ أَبِي جَهْلٍ
He said, ‘O Abu Sa’alba! When we are silent from you, then be silent and do not discuss. By Allah-azwj! Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws was more rightful with the caliphate than Abu Bakr was, just as Rasool-Allah-saww was more rightful with the Prophet-hood than Abu Jahl-la was’.
قَالَ: وَ أَزِيدُكَ إِنَّا كُنَّا ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَجَاءَ عَلِيٌّ (ع) وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ إِلَى بَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، فَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عُمَرُ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ (ع) عَلَى إِثْرِهِمَا فَكَأَنَّمَا سُفِيَ عَلَى وَجْهِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ الرَّمَادُ،
He said, ‘And shall I increase for you? One day we were in the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww, and Ali-asws and Abu Bakr and Umar came to the door of Rasool-Allah-saww. Abu Bakr entered, then Umar entered, then Ali-asws upon their footsteps, and it was as if both of them had scattered the dust upon the face of Rasool-Allah-saww.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا عَلِيُّ! أَ يَتَقَدَّمَانِكَ هَذَانِ وَ قَدْ أَمَّرَكَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا؟! قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: نَسِيتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَ قَالَ عُمَرُ: سَهَوْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ.
Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! These two have preceded you-asws although Allah-azwj has Made you-asws in-charge upon them both!’ Abu Bakr said, ‘We forgot, O Rasool-Allah-saww’. And Umar said, ‘I made a mistake, O Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: مَا نَسِيتُمَا وَ لَا سَهَوْتُمَا، وَ كَأَنِّي بِكُمَا قَدِ اسْتَلَبْتُمَا مُلْكَهُ وَ تَحَارَبْتُمَا عَلَيْهِ، وَ أَعَانَكُمَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَعْدَاءُ اللَّهِ وَ أَعْدَاءُ رَسُولِهِ،
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘You did not forget nor were you mistaken, and it is as if I-saww am with you two have taken away his-asws kingdom and battled against him-asws, and the enemies of Allah-azwj and enemies of His-azwj Rasool-saww are assisting you upon it.
وَ كَأَنِّي بِكُمَا قَدْ تَرَكْتُمَا الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَضْرِبُ وُجُوهَ بَعْضٍ بِالسَّيْفِ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا، وَ لَكَأَنِّي بِأَهْلِ بَيْتِي وَ هُمُ الْمَقْهُورُونَ الْمُتَشَتِّتُونَ فِي أَقْطَارِهَا، وَ ذَلِكَ لِأَمْرٍ قَدْ قُضِيَ ..
And it is as if I-saww am with you two and you have left the Emigrant and the Helpers striking each other’s faces with the sword upon (coveting) the world, and it is as if I-saww am with People-asws of my-saww Household and they are being oppressed and dispersed it its horizons, and that is a matter which has been Ordained’.
ثُمَّ بَكَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ حَتَّى سَالَتْ دُمُوعُهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا عَلِيُّ! الصَّبْرَ .. الصَّبْرَ .. حَتَّى يَنْزِلَ الْأَمْرُ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ، فَإِنَّ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مَا لَا يُحْصِيهِ كَاتِبَاكَ،
Then Rasool-Allah-saww cried until his-saww tears flowed, then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! The patience! The Patience until the Command descends, and there is no strength except through Allah-azwj, the Exalted, the Magnificent, as there would be the Recompense for you-asws during every day, what your-asws two scribes (Angels) cannot count.
فَإِذَا أَمْكَنَكَ الْأَمْرُ فَالسَّيْفَ السَّيْفَ ..فَالْقَتْلَ الْقَتْلَ حَتَّى يَفِيئُوا إِلَى أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ أَمْرِ رَسُولِهِ، فَإِنَّكَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَ مَنْ نَاوَاكَ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ، وَ كَذَلِكَ ذُرِّيَّتُكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ.
But, when the command is enabled for you-asws, then the sword, the sword, the killing, the killing, until they are loyal to the Command of Allah-azwj and the orders of His-azwj Rasool-saww, for you-asws are upon the truth, and one who opposes you-asws is upon the falsehood, and like that are your-asws children from after you-asws, up to the Day of Qiyamah’’.[13]
11- فس: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَوْمَ الْجَمَلِ فَقَالَ: يَا عَلِيُّ! عَلَى مَا تُقَاتِلُ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ مَنْ شَهِدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟!
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – ‘A man came to Amir Al-Momineen-asws on the day of (battle of) camel and he said, ‘O Ali-asws! Upon what basis are you-asws fighting against the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww, and ones who testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj and that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj Rasool-saww?!’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: آيَةٌ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ أَبَاحَتْ لِي قِتَالَهُمْ. فَقَالَ: وَ مَا هِيَ؟
Ali-asws said: ‘A Verse in the Book of Allah-azwj has Legalised for me-asws to fight them’. He said, ‘And what is it?’
قَالَ: قَوْلُهُ: تِلْكَ الرُّسُلُ فَضَّلْنا بَعْضَهُمْ عَلى بَعْضٍ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَلَّمَ اللَّهُ وَ رَفَعَ بَعْضَهُمْ دَرَجاتٍ وَ آتَيْنا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ الْبَيِّناتِ وَ أَيَّدْناهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ وَ لَوْ شاءَ اللَّهُ مَا اقْتَتَلَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّناتُ وَ لكِنِ اخْتَلَفُوا فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ آمَنَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَفَرَ وَ لَوْ شاءَ اللَّهُ مَا اقْتَتَلُوا وَ لكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَفْعَلُ ما يُرِيدُ،
He-asws said: ‘His-azwj Words: Those Rasools, We Merited some of them over the others – from them was one to whom Allah Spoke (with), and some of them He Raised their ranks. And We Gave Isa Ibn Maryam the Clear Proofs and Assisted him with the Holy Spirit; and had Allah so Desired, those (people) from after them (Rasools) would not have fought after the clear proofs had come to them. But, they differed, so from them was one who expressed belief, and from them was one who committed Kufr. And had Allah so Desired, they would not have fought, but Allah Does whatever He Wants to [2:253]’.
فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: كَفَرَ- وَ اللَّهِ- الْقَوْمُ.
The man said, ‘By Allah-azwj! The people have committed Kufr!’’[14]
12- فس: الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الْكَاتِبِ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: يا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ جاهِدِ الْكُفَّارَ وَ الْمُنافِقِينَ قَالَ: هَكَذَا نَزَلَتْ، فَجَاهَدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ الْكُفَّارَ وَ جَاهَدَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، فَجَاهَدَ عَلِيٌّ (ع) جِهَادَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ.
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Al moalla, from Ahmad bin Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from Yaqoub, Bin Yazeed, from Suleyman the scribe, from one of his companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: ‘O you, the Prophet! Do Jihad against the Kafirs with the hypocrites [66:9], he-asws said: ‘That is how it was Revealed. So, Rasool-Allah-saww fought against the Kafirs, and Ali-asws fought against the hypocrites. Thus, Ali-asws fought the Jihad (on behalf of) Rasool-Allah-saww’’.
وَ رُوِيَ فِي قِرَاءَةِ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ جَاهِدِ الْكُفَّارَ بِالْمُنَافِقِينَ، قالوا: لأنّ النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه و آله لم يكن يقاتل المنافقين و إنّما كان يتألّفهم.
And it is reported in the recitation of the People-asws of the Household: ‘Do Jihad against the Kafirs with the hypocrites [66:9], they-asws said: ‘Because the Prophet-saww did not happen to fight (against) the hypocrites, and rather he-saww was being kind to them’’. [15]
13- فس: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ السَّعْدِيِّ، عَنِ الْخَشَّابِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، عَنْ فُلَانٍ الْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِيٌّ قَوِيّاً فِي بَدَنِهِ قَوِيّاً فِي أَمْرِ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: بَلَى.
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – Ahmad Bin Ali, from Al Husayn Bin Abdullah Al Sa’ady, from Al Khashab, from Abdullah Bin Al Husayn, from one of his companions, from so and so Al Karkhy who said,
‘A man said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Didn’t Ali-asws happen to be strong in his-asws body, strong regarding the Commands of Allah-azwj?’ Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ: فَمَا مَنَعَهُ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ أَوْ يَمْتَنِعَ؟ قَالَ: قَدْ سَأَلْتَ فَافْهَمِ الْجَوَابَ: مَنَعَ عَلِيّاً مِنْ ذَلِكَ آيَةٌ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ. فَقَالَ: وَ أَيُّ آيَةٍ؟
He said, ‘So what prevented him-asws from defending or preventing?’ He-asws said: ‘You have asked, so understand the answer. Ali-asws was prevented from that by a Verse from the Book of Allah-azwj’. He said, ‘Which Verse?’
قَالَ: فَقَرَأَ: لَوْ تَزَيَّلُوا لَعَذَّبْنَا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْهُمْ عَذاباً أَلِيماً، إِنَّهُ كَانَ لِلَّهِ وَدَائِعُ مُؤْمِنُونَ فِي أَصْلَابِ قَوْمٍ كَافِرِينَ وَ مُنَافِقِينَ، فَلَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِيٌّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ لِيَقْتُلَ الْآبَاءَ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ الْوَدَائِعُ،
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws recited: If they had been apart, We would have Punished those who committed Kufr from them with a painful Punishment [48:25]. It was for (the fact that) Allah-azwj Deposited (seeds of) Momineen in the loins of the Kafir and hypocrite people, thus it was not going happen that Ali-asws would happen to kill the forefathers, until (such time as) the deposits emerge (are born).
فَلَمَّا خَرَجَتْ ظَهَرَ عَلَى مَنْ ظَهَرَ وَ قَتَلَهُ، وَ كَذَلِكَ قَائِمُنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ لَنْ يَظْهَرْ أَبَداً حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ وَدَائِعُ اللَّهِ فَإِذَا خَرَجَتْ يَظْهَرُ عَلَى مَنْ يَظْهَرُ فَيَقْتُلُهُ.
When it emerged from a back it had been deposited in, he-asws killed him, and similar to that would be our-asws Qaim-asws, People-asws of the Household. He-asws will never appear, ever, until the deposits of Allah-azwj have (all) come out. So, when it comes out from a back it had been deposited it, he-asws would kill him’’.[16]
14- فس: أَبِي، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (ع) قَالَ: جَاءَ الْعَبَّاسُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ: انْطَلِقْ نُبَايِعْ لَكَ النَّاسَ. فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَ تَرَاهُمْ فَاعِلِينَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – My father, from Muhammad Bin Al Suzeyl,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘Al-Abbas came to Amir Al-Momineen-asws and said, ‘Come, we shall get the allegiances of the people for you-asws’. Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Do you see them doing so?’ He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ: فَأَيْنَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: الم أَ حَسِبَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يُتْرَكُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا آمَنَّا وَ هُمْ لا يُفْتَنُونَ وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ- أَيِ اخْتَبَرْنَاهُمْ- فَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا وَ لَيَعْلَمَنَّ الْكاذِبِينَ.
He-asws said: ‘So where are the Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: Do the people reckon that they will be left alone on saying, ‘We believe’, and they will not be Tried? [29:2] And We have Tested those from before them. – i.e., we will Test them. So Allah will Make known those who are truthful and He will Make known the liars [29:3]’’.[17]
15- فس.: قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَ إِنْ نَكَثُوا أَيْمانَهُمْ … الْآيَةَ فَإِنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي أَصْحَابِ الْجَمَلِ،
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – Words of the Exalted: And if they break their oaths [9:12] – the Verse. It was Revealed regarding the companions of the (battle of the) camel.
وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَوْمَ الْجَمَلِ: وَ اللَّهِ مَا قَاتَلْتُ هَذِهِ الْفِئَةَ النَّاكِثَةَ إِلَّا بِآيَةٍ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، يَقُولُ اللَّهُ: وَ إِنْ نَكَثُوا أَيْمانَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ عَهْدِهِمْ وَ طَعَنُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ فَقاتِلُوا أَئِمَّةَ الْكُفْرِ إِنَّهُمْ لا أَيْمانَ لَهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَنْتَهُونَ.
And Amir Al-Momineen-asws said on the day of the (battle of the) camel: ‘I-asws am fighting against this group of breakers (of the covenant) only due to a Verse from the Book of Allah-azwj. Allah-azwj Said: And if they break their oaths after their agreement and are taunting regarding your Religion, then fight the imams of Kufr – surely their oaths (mean) nothing, perhaps they would desist [9:12].
وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي الْخُطْبَةِ الزَّهْرَاءِ: وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ وَ لَا ثِنْتَيْنِ وَ لَا ثَلَاثٍ وَ لَا أَرْبَعٍ، فَقَالَ: يَا عَلِيُّ! إِنَّكَ سَتُقَاتِلُ مِنْ بَعْدِي النَّاكِثِينَ وَ الْمَارِقِينَ وَ الْقَاسِطِينَ،
And Amir Al-Momineen-asws said in the sermon ‘Al-Zahra’: ‘By Allah-azwj! Rasool-Allah-saww had made a pact to me-asws not once, nor twice, nor thrice, nor four times, he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws will be fighting from after me-asws, (against) the breakers (of the covenant), and the renegades, and the deviants’.
أَ فَأُضِيعُ مَا أَمَرَنِي بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ أَكْفُرُ بَعْدَ إِسْلَامِي؟!.
Would I-asws waste what Rasool-Allah-saww had instructed me-asws with and become a Kafir after my-asws Islam?’’[18]
16- ما: الْمُفِيدُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكَاتِبِ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍالزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الثَّقَفِيِّ، عَنِ الْمَسْعُودِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَمَّادٍ الْقَطَّانِ، عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ: أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ أَبِي لَيْلَى قَامَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! إِنِّي سَائِلُكَ لِآخُذَ عَنْكَ، وَ قَدِ انْتَظَرْنَا أَنْ تَقُولَ مِنْ أَمْرِكَ شَيْئاً فَلَمْ تَقُلْهُ، أَ لَا تُحَدِّثُنَا عَنْ أَمْرِكَ هَذَا؟
(The book) ‘Amaali’ of Sheykh Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Ali Bin Muhammad the scribe, from Al Hassan Bin Al Zafrani, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Al Saqafi, from Al Masudi, from Muhammad Bin Kaseer, from Yahya Bin Hammad Al Qattan, from Abu Muhammad Al Hazrami, from Abi Ali Al Hamdani,
‘Abdul Rahman Bin Abu layli stood up to Amir Al-Momineen-asws and said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! I want to ask you-asws about (what has been) taken from you-asws, and we have waited for you-asws to say something, but you-asws did not say it. Will you-asws not narrated to us about this matter of yours-asws?’
كَانَ بِعَهْدٍ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَوْ شَيْءٍ رَأَيْتَهُ؟ فَإِنَّا قَدْ أَكْثَرْنَا فِيكَ الْأَقَاوِيلَ، وَ أَوْثَقَهُ عِنْدَنَا مَا نَقَلْنَاهُ عَنْكَ وَ سَمِعْنَاهُ مِنْ فِيكَ، إِنَّا كُنَّا نَقُولُ لَوْ رَجَعَتْ إِلَيْكُمْ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَمْ يُنَازِعْكُمْ فِيهَا أَحَدٌ،
Was it due to a pact of Rasool-Allah-saww or something you-asws viewed? We have frequented the talk regarding you-asws, and it would be more reliable in our presence what we say about you-asws and we have heard it from your-asws mouth. We have been saying, if only it would have returned to you-asws after Rasool-Allah-saww, (and) no one had disputed with you-asws regarding it.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي إِذَا سُئِلْتُ مَا أَقُولُ، أَ أَزْعُمُ أَنَّ الْقَوْمَ كَانُوا أَوْلَى بِمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ مِنْكَ؟ فَإِنْ قُلْتَ ذَلِكَ، فَعَلَامَ نَصَبَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بَعْدَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ فَقَالَ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ؟
By Allah-azwj! I do not know when you-asws are asked, what I should be saying. Should I be saying that the people were more foremost with what they were in, than you-asws? If I were to say that, then upon what did Rasool-Allah-saww nominate you-asws after the farewell Hajj, and he-saww said: ‘O you people! One whose Master-saww I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his Master-asws’?
وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ أَوْلَى مِنْهُمْ بِمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ فَعَلَامَ تَتَوَلَّاهُمْ؟!.
And if you-asws were foremost than them with what they were in, then upon what did you-asws befriend them?’
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ! إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَبَضَ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ أَنَا يَوْمَ قَبَضَهُ أَوْلَى بِالنَّاسِ مِنِّي بِقَمِيصِي هَذَا، وَ قَدْ كَانَ مِنْ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ إِلَيَّ عَهْدٌ لَوْ خَزَمْتُمُونِي بِأَنْفِي لَأَقْرَرْتُ سَمْعاً لِلَّهِ وَ طَاعَةً،
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘O Abdul Rahman! Allah-azwj the Exalted Caused His-azwj Prophet-saww to pass away, and on the day he-saww passed away, I-asws was foremost of the people with the people with this shirt of mine-asws, and there was a pact from the Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj to me-asws, even if they had decreased me-asws by my-asws nose, I-asws would have accepted, being a listener to Allah-azwj and obedient.
وَ إِنَّا أَوَّلُ مَا انْتَقَصْنَا بَعْدَهُ إِبْطَالَ حَقِّنَا فِي الْخُمُسِ، فَلَمَّا دَقَ أَمْرُنَا طَمِعَتْ رُعْيَانُ قُرَيْشٍ فِينَا وَ قَدْ كَانَ لِي عَلَى النَّاسِ حَقٌّ لَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَيَّ عَفْواً قَبِلْتُهُ وَ قُمْتُ بِهِ، وَ كَانَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ،
And the first of what they reduced us after him-saww, invalidating our-asws rights regarding the Khums. When our-asws matter was thin, Quraysh were greedy regarding us-asws, and there was a right for me-asws upon the people, had it been returned to me-asws, I-asws would have pardoned, accepting it, and stood with it and it was to a known term.
وَ كُنْتُ كَرَجُلٍ لَهُ عَلَى النَّاسِ حَقٌّ إِلَى أَجَلٍ، فَإِنْ عَجَّلُوا لَهُ مَالَهُ أَخَذَهُ وَ حَمِدَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ، وَ إِنْ أَخَّرُوهُ أَخَذَهُ غَيْرَ مَحْمُودِينَ،
And I-asws was like a man who had a right for him-asws upon the people to a (specific) term. So if they had hastened for him, it would not have been for him to take it, and he would have praised them upon it, and if they delayed it, he could have taken it without them be praised.
وَ كُنْتُ كَرَجُلٍ يَأْخُذُ السُّهُولَةَ وَ هُوَ عِنْدَ النَّاسِ مَحْزُونٌ، وَ إِنَّمَا يُعْرَفُ الْهُدَى بِقِلَّةِ مَنْ يَأْخُذُهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ، فَإِذَا سَكَتُّ فَأَعْفُونِي فَإِنَّهُ لَوْ جَاءَ أَمْرٌ تَحْتَاجُونَ فِيهِ إِلَى الْجَوَابِ أَجَبْتُكُمْ، فَكُفُّوا عَنِّي مَا كَفَفْتُ عَنْكُمْ.
And I was like a man taking the ease and he was grief-stricken with the people. And rather the guidance is recognised by the scarcity of the ones from the people taking it. So, when I-asws am silent, then excuse me-asws, of it such a matter comes you are needy to an answer regarding it, I-asws would answer you. So, withhold from me-asws for as long as I-asws withhold from you all’.
فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! فَأَنْتَ لَعَمْرُكَ كَمَا قَالَ الْأَوَّلُ:
| لَعَمْرِي لَقَدْ أَيْقَظْتَ مَنْ كَانَ نَائِماً | وَ أَسْمَعْتَ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أُذُنَانِ |
Abdul Rahman said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! So you-asws are for your-asws life just as had been said at first (couplet), ‘For my life, you have awoken the one who was sleeping, and listened to the one who had two ears for him’’.[19]
17- ما: الْمُفِيدُ، عَنِ الْمُظَفَّرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَلْخِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي الثَّلْجِ، عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ مِهْرَانَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْأَحْمَرِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ جُنْدَبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ- وَ قَدْ بُويِعَ لِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ- فَوَجَدْتُهُ مُطْرِقاً كَئِيباً، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: مَا أَصَابَكَ- جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ- مِنْ قَوْمِكَ؟. فَقَالَ: صَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ.
(The book) ‘Amaali’ of sheykh Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Al Muzaffer Bin Muhammad Al Balkhi, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Al Salj, from Isa Bin Mihran, from Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Hassan Bin Abdul Kareem, from Ja’far Bin Ziyad Al Ahmar, from Abdul Rahman Bin Jundab, from his father Jundab Bin Abdullah who said,
‘I entered to see Ali Amir Al-Momineen-asws – and they had already pledged allegiance to Usman Bin Affan – and I found him-asws having lowered his-asws head, gloomy. I said to him-asws, ‘What has afflicted you-asws, may I be sacrificed for you-asws, from your-asws people?’ He-asws said: ‘Beautiful patience’.
فَقُلْتُ: سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ! وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَصَبُورٌ. قَالَ: فَأَصْنَعُ مَا ذَا؟.
I said, ‘Glory be Allah-azwj! By Allah-azwj, you-asws are very patient’. He-asws said: ‘So, what else is that I-asws can do?’
قُلْتُ: تَقُومُ فِي النَّاسِ وَ تَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى نَفْسِكَ وَ تُخْبِرُهُمْ أَنَّكَ أَوْلَى بِالنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ بِالْفَضْلِ وَ السَّابِقَةِ، وَ تَسْأَلُهُمُ النَّصْرَ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُتَظَاهِرِينَ عَلَيْكَ، فَإِنْ أَجَابَكَ عَشَرَةٌ مِنْ مِائَةٍ شَدَّدْتَ بِالْعَشَرَةِ عَلَى الْمِائَةِ،
I said, ‘You-asws should stand among the people and call them to yourself-asws and inform them that you-asws are foremost with the Prophet-saww, with the merit, and the precedence, and you-asws should ask them for the help against those prevailing upon you-asws. So, if ten from a hundred were to answer you, you-asws would be strengthened with the ten against one hundred.
فَإِنْ دَانُوا لَكَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ مَا أَحْبَبْتَ، وَ إِنْ أَبَوْا قَاتِلْهُمْ، فَإِنْ ظَهَرْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَهُوَ سُلْطَانُ اللَّهِ الَّذِي آتَاهُ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ كُنْتَ أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْهُمْ، وَ إِنْ قُتِلْتَ فِي طَلَبِهِ قُتِلْتَ إِنِ شَاءَ اللَّهُ شَهِيداً، وَ كُنْتَ أَوْلَى بِالْعُذْرِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ، لِأَنَّكَ أَحَقُّ بِمِيرَاثِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ.
So, if they were to come near you-asws, that would be what I would love, and if they refuse, kill them, for if you-asws were to prevail upon them, it would be a government of Allah-azwj which He-azwj had Given His-azwj Prophet-saww, and you-asws would be foremost with it than them; and if you-asws were to be killed during seeking it, you-asws would have been killed as a martyr, if Allah-azwj so Desires, and you-asws would be foremost with the excuse in the Presence of Allah-azwj, because you-asws are more rightful with the inheritance of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَ تَرَاهُ يَا جُنْدَبُ كَانَ يُبَايِعُنِي عَشَرَةٌ مِنْ مِائَةٍ؟ فَقُلْتُ: أَرْجُو ذَلِكَ.
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘O Jundab! Do you see ten from a hundred pledging allegiance to me-asws?’ I said, ‘I hope for that’.
فَقَالَ: لَكِنِّي لَا أَرْجُو، وَ لَا مِنْ كُلِّ مِائَةٍ اثْنَانِ وَ سَأُخْبِرُكَ مِنْ أَيْنَ ذَلِكَ، إِنَّمَا يَنْظُرُ النَّاسُ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ، وَ إِنَّ قُرَيْشاً يَقُولُ إِنَّ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ يَرَوْنَ لَهُمْ فَضْلًا عَلَى سَائِرِ قُرَيْشٍ، وَ إِنَّهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ دُونَ غَيْرِهِمْ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ،
He-asws said: ‘But, I-asws am not hopeful, and not even for two from a hundred, and I-asws shall inform you where that is from. But rather, the people look up to Quraysh, and Quraysh are saying, ‘The Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww are seeing a merit for them-asws over the rest of Quraysh, and they-asws are Masters-asws of this command besides others from Quraysh’.
وَ إِنَّهُمْ إِنْ وَلُوهُ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْهُمْ هَذَا السُّلْطَانُ إِلَى أَحَدٍ أَبَداً، وَ مَتَى كَانَ فِي غَيْرِهِمْ تَدَاوَلُوهُ بَيْنَهُمْ، وَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا تَدْفَعُ إِلَيْنَا- هَذَا السُّلْطَانَ- قُرَيْشٌ أَبَداً طَائِعِينَ.
And they (Quraysh), if they are in charge of it, the authority will not exit from them to anyone (else), ever, and when it was in others, they would rotate it between them, and no, by Allah-azwj, Quraysh will not hand over this authority to us-asws, ever, willingly’.
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: أَ فَلَا أَرْجِعُ فَأُخْبِرَ النَّاسَ بِمَقَالَتِكَ هَذِهِ، وَ أَدْعُوَهُمْ إِلَى نَصْرِكَ؟ فَقَالَ:يَا جُنْدَبُ! لَيْسَ ذَا زَمَانُ ذَاكَ.
I said to him-asws, ‘So, shall I return and inform the people with this talk of yours-asws and call them to help you-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘O Jundab! This isn’t the time for that’.
قَالَ جُنْدَبٌ: فَرَجَعْتُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ، فَكُنْتُ كُلَّمَا ذَكَرْتُ مِنْ فَضْلِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ شَيْئاً زَبَرُونِي وَ نَهَرُونِي حَتَّى رُفِعَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِي إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ فَحَبَسَنِي حَتَّى كُلِّمَ فِيَّ فَخَلَّى سَبِيلِي.
Jundab said, ‘After that, I returned to Al-Iraq, and it so happened that every time I mentioned anything from the merits of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, they pelted me and rebuked me, to the extent my words were raised to Al-Waleed Bin Uqba, and he sent (people) to me and imprisoned me until (someone) spoke regarding me and he freed my way’’.[20]
18- شا: عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ جُنْدَبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ مِثْلَهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Irshad’ – Abdul Rahman Bin Jundab, from his father – similar to it.
19- ل: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْمُذَكِّرُ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَرَاوِسْتَانِيِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ، عَنْ قَطْرِ بْنِ بِي خَلِيفَةَ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَلْقَمَةَ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ: أُمِرْتُ بِقِتَالِ النَّاكِثِينَ وَ الْقَاسِطِينَ وَ الْمَارِقِينَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisal’ – Muhammad Bin Al Fazl Al Muzkawir, from Abu Abdullah Al Barawistani, from Ali Bin Maslama, from Muhammad Bin Bashir, from Qatr Bin Bi Khalifa, from Hakeem Bin Jubeyr, from Ibrahim who said, ‘I heard Alqamah said,
‘I heard Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws saying: ‘I-asws have been instructed with fighting the breakers (of the covenant), and the renegades, and the deviants’’.[21]
20- ن: بِإِسْنَادِ التَّمِيمِيِّ، عَنِ الرِّضَا، عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أُمِرْتُ بِقِتَالِ النَّاكِثِينَ وَ الْقَاسِطِينَ وَ الْمَارِقِينَ.
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – By the chain of Al-Tameemi, from Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws have been instructed with fighting the breakers (of the covenant), and the renegades, and the deviants’’.[22]
21- ن: بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ: مَنْ جَاءَكُمْ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُفَرِّقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ وَ يَغْصِبَ الْأُمَّةَ أَمْرَهَا وَ يَتَوَلَّى مِنْ غَيْرِ مَشُورَةٍ فَاقْتُلُوهُ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ أَذِنَ فِي ذَلِكَ.
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘One who comes to you intending to separate the community and usurp the community of its command and rule from without any consultation, then kill him, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Permitted regarding that’’.[23]
22- ع، ن: الطَّالَقَانِيُّ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْعَدَوِيِّ، عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرُّمَّانِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ! أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِمَ لَمْ يُجَاهِدْ أَعْدَاءَهُ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ جَاهَدَ فِي أَيَّامِ وَلَايَتِهِ؟
(The books) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ (and) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al Reza-asws’ – from Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Adawi, from Al Haysam Bin Abdullah Al Zamani who said,
‘I asked Al-Reza-asws saying to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Inform me about Ali-asws, why did he-asws not fight his-asws enemies for twenty five years after Rasool-Allah-saww, then he-asws fought during the day of his-asws caliphate?’
فَقَالَ: لِأَنَّهُ اقْتَدَى بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي تَرْكِهِ جِهَادَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ بِمَكَّةَ بَعْدَ النُّبُوَّةِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْراً وَ ذَلِكَ لِقِلَّةِ أَعْوَانِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَ كَذَلِكَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ تَرَكَ مُجَاهَدَةَ أَعْدَائِهِ لِقِلَّةِ أَعْوَانِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ،
He-asws said: ‘Because he-asws modelled with Rasool-Allah-saww in his-saww leaving Jihad against the Polytheists at Makkah after the Prophet-hood of twenty-three years, and at Al-Medina for nineteen months, and that was due to the scarcity of his-saww supporters against them; and similar to that is Ali-asws. He-asws left fighting against his-asws enemies due to the scarcity of his-asws supporters against them.
فَلَمَّا لَمْ تَبْطُلْ نُبُوَّةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مَعَ تَرْكِهِ الْجِهَادَ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً وَ تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْراً، كَذَلِكَ لَمْ تَبْطُلْ إِمَامَةُ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَعَ تَرْكِهِ الْجِهَادَ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً، إِذَا كَانَتِ الْعِلَّةُ الْمَانِعَةُ لَهُمَا مِنَ الْجِهَادِ وَاحِدَةً.
When the Prophet-hood of Rasool-Allah-saww was not invalidated with his-saww leaving the Jihad for thirteen years and nineteen months, like that it did not invalidate the Imamate of Ali-asws with his-asws leaving the Jihad for twenty five years, when the reason which prevented both of them-asws from the Jihad, is one’’.[24]
23- ع: أَبِي، عَنْ سَعْدٍ، عَنِ النَّهْدِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ: إِنَّمَا أَشَارَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِالْكَفِّ عَنْ عَدُوِّهِ مِنْ أَجْلِ شِيعَتِنَا، لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ سَيُظْهَرُ عَلَيْهِمْ بَعْدَهُ، فَأَحَبَّ أَنْ يَقْتَدِيَ بِهِ مَنْ جَاءَ بَعْدَهُ فَيَسِيرَ فِيهِمْ بِسِيرَتِهِ، وَ يَقْتَدِيَ بِالْكَفِّ عَنْهُمْ بَعْدَهُ.
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – From Sa’ad, from Al Nahdi, from Abu Mahboub, from Ibn Raib, from Zurara who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘But rather, Ali-asws indicated with the restraint from his-asws enemies from the reason of our-asws Shias, because he-asws had known that they would be overcome upon from after him-asws, so he-asws loved if the one to come after him-asws should model with him-asws, so he would deal with them with his-asws way, and he would model with the restrained from them after him-asws’’.[25]
24- ك، ع: ابْنُ مَسْرُورٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قُلْتُ لَهُ: مَا بَالُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمْ يُقَاتِلْ فُلَاناً وَ فُلَاناً وَ فُلَاناً؟.
(The books) ‘Ikmal Al Deen Wa Itmam Al Hujjat’ (and) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Masrour, from Ibn Aamir, from his uncle, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws (he the narrator said), ‘I said to him-asws, ‘What is the matter Amir Al-Momineen-asws did not fight so and so, and so and so, and so and so?’
قَالَ: لِآَيَةٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: لَوْ تَزَيَّلُوا لَعَذَّبْنَا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْهُمْ عَذاباً أَلِيماً
He-asws said: ‘Due to a Verse in the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: If they had been apart, We would have Punished those who committed Kufr from them with a painful Punishment [48:25]’.
قَالَ: قُلْتُ: وَ مَا يَعْنِي بِتَزَايُلِهِمْ؟
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘And what prevented him-asws removing them?’
قَالَ: وَدَائِعَ مُؤْمِنِينَ فِي أَصْلَابِ قَوْمٍ كَافِرِينَ، وَ كَذَلِكَ الْقَائِمُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَنْ يَظْهَرَ أَبَداً حَتَّى تَخْرُجَ وَدَائِعُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ، فَإِذَا خَرَجَتْ ظَهَرَ عَلَى مَنْ ظَهَرَ مِنْ أَعْدَاءِ اللَّهِ فَقَتَلَهُمْ.
He-asws said: ‘Deposits of Momineen in the lineages of the Kafir people, and similar to that is Al-Qaim-asws. He-asws will never appear, ever, until the deposits of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic come out. So when a back throws out from a back of the enemies of Allah-azwj, he-asws would kill them’’.[26]
25- ك، ع: الْمُظَفَّرُ الْعَلَوِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ- أَوْ قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ-: أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ أَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَوِيّاً فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى.
(The books) ‘Ikmal Al Deen Wa Itmam Al Hujjat’ (and) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Al Muzaffar Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Ayyashi, from his father, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibrahim Al Karkhy who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws’ of (said), ‘A man said to him-asws, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! Didn’t Ali-asws happen to be strong in the Religion of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ: فَكَيْفَ ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْمُ؟ وَ كَيْفَ لَمْ يَدْفَعْهُمْ؟ وَ مَا مَنَعَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ: آيَةٌ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَنَعَتْهُ.
He said, ‘So how come the people prevailed upon him-asws? And how come he-asws did not repel them? And what prevented him-asws from that?’ He-asws said: ‘A Verse in the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Prevented him-asws’.
قَالَ: قُلْتُ: وَ أَيُّ آيَةٍ؟ قَالَ: قَوْلُهُ: لَوْ تَزَيَّلُوا لَعَذَّبْنَا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْهُمْ عَذاباً أَلِيماً
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘And which Verse?’ He-asws said: ‘His-azwj Words: If they had been apart, We would have Punished those who committed Kufr from them with a painful Punishment [48:25].
إِنَّهُ كَانَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَدَائِعُ مُؤْمِنِينَ فِي أَصْلَابِ قَوْمٍ كَافِرِينَ وَ مُنَافِقِينَ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِيَقْتُلَ الْآبَاءَ حَتَّى تَخْرُجَ الْوَدَائِعُ، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَتِ الْوَدَائِعُ ظَهَرَ عَلَى مَنْ ظَهَرَ فَقَاتَلَهُ، وَ كَذَلِكَ قَائِمُنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ لَنْ يَظْهَرَ أَبَداً حَتَّى تَظْهَرَ وَدَائِعُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ، فَإِذَا ظَهَرَتْ ظَهَرَ عَلَى مَنْ ظَهَرَ فَقَتَلَهُ.
Surely for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic there were deposits of the Momineen in the lineages of the Kafir and hypocrite people, so it was not to happen that Ali-asws would kill the forefathers until the deposit came out. When the deposit was thrown out by a back from a back, he-asws killed him. And similar to that is our-asws Qaim-asws. He-asws will never appear, ever, until the deposits of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic appear. So, when it appears from a back, he-asws would kill him’’.[27]
26- ك، ع: الْمُظَفَّرُ الْعَلَوِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَبْرَئِيلَ ابْنِ أَحْمَدَ، عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ ابْنِ حَازِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، قَالَ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: لَوْ تَزَيَّلُوا لَعَذَّبْنَا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْهُمْ عَذاباً أَلِيماً: لَوْ أَخْرَجَ اللَّهُ مَا فِي أَصْلَابِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ وَ مَا فِي أَصْلَابِ الْكَافِرِينَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَعَذَّبَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا.
(The books) ‘Ikmal Al Deen Wa Itmam Al Hujjat’ (and) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – – Al Muzaffar Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Ayyashi, from his father, from Jibraeel Ibn Ahmad, from Al Yaqteeny, from Yunus, from Ibn Hazim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said regarding the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: If they had been apart, We would have Punished those who committed Kufr from them with a painful Punishment [48:25]: ‘If Allah-azwj Extracts whatever is in the lineages of the Momineen and the Kafirs, and whatever from the Momineen is in the lineages of the Kafirs, He-azwj would Punish the ones who commit Kufr’’.[28]
27 ع:- الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا، أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: مَا بَالُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمْ يُقَاتِلْهُمْ؟ قَالَ: لِلَّذِي سَبَقَ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ، وَ مَا كَانَ لَهُ أَنْ يُقَاتِلَهُمْ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةُ رَهْطٍ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Al Madainy, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions,
‘He asked Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What is the matter Amir Al-Momineen-asws did not fight them (Abu Bakr and Umar)?’ He-asws said: ‘For that which preceded in the Knowledge of Allah-azwj that it should happen, and it was not for him-asws that he-asws fights them, and there wasn’t with him-asws except a group of three from the Momineen’’.[29]
28- غط: ابْنُ أَبِي جِيدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ أَبِي سُمَيْنَةَ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْهِلَالِيِّ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالا: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: يَا عَلِيُ! إِنَّ قُرَيْشاً سَتُظَاهِرُ عَلَيْكَ وَ تَجْتَمِعُ كُلُّهُمْ عَلَى ظُلْمِكَ وَ قَهْرِكَ، فَإِنْ وَجَدْتَ أَعْوَاناً فَجَاهِدْهُمْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً فَكُفَّ يَدَكَ وَ احْقُنْ دَمَكَ، فَإِنَّ الشَّهَادَةَ مِنْ وَرَائِكَ، لَعَنَ اللَّهُ قَاتِلَكَ.
(The book) ‘Al Ghayba’ of sheykh Al Tusi – Ibn Abu Jeed, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Abu Sumayya, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Ibrahim Bin Umar, from Aban Bin Aby Ayyash, from Suleym Bin Qays Al Hilali, from Jabir Bin Abdullah and Abdullah Bin Abbas, both said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said in his-saww bequest to Amir Al-Momineen-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Quraysh will be prevailing upon you-asws, and all of them would unite upon oppressing you-asws and subduing you-asws. So, if you were to find supporters, then fight them, and if you-asws do not find supporters, then restrain your-asws hand and save your-asws blood, for the martyrdom would be behind you-asws. May Allah-azwj Curse your-asws killer’’.[30]
29- ع: حَمْزَةُ الْعَلَوِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ حُبَابٍ الْجُمَحِيِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحِمَّصِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُوسَى الطَّائِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: احْتَجُّوا فِي مَسْجِدِ الْكُوفَةِ فَقَالُوا: مَا بَالُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمْ يُنَازِعِ الثَّلَاثَةَ كَمَا نَازَعَ طَلْحَةَ وَ الزُّبَيْرَ وَ عَائِشَةَ وَ مُعَاوِيَةَ؟
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Hamza Al Alawy, from Ibn Uqda, from Al Fazl Bin Hubab Al Jamhy, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Al Himmasi, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Musa Al Taie, from his father, from Ibn Masoud who said,
‘They argued in Masjid of Al-Kufa, ‘What is the matter Amir Al-Momineen-asws did not fight the three just as he-asws fought Talha and Al-Zubeyr and Ayesha and Muawiya?’
فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُنَادَى الصَّلَاةَ جَامِعَةً، فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعُوا صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: مَعَاشِرَ النَّاسِ! إِنَّهُ بَلَغَنِي عَنْكُمْ .. كَذَا وَ كَذَا؟ قَالُوا: صَدَقَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، قَدْ قُلْنَا ذَلِكَ.
That reached Ali-asws, so he-asws ordered a caller to call for the congregational Salat. When they had gather, he-asws ascended the pulpit. He-asws praised Allah-azwj extolled upon Him-azwj, then said: ‘Community of people! It has reached me-asws from you, such and such?’ They said, ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws speaks the truth, we had said that’.
قَالَ: فَإِنَّ لِي بِسِتَّةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أُسْوَةً فِيمَا فَعَلْتُ. قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي مُحْكَمِ كِتَابِهِ: لَقَدْ كانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ. قَالُوا: وَ مَنْ هُمْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ؟.
He-asws said: ‘Surely for me-asws there are exemplary examples from six of the Prophets-as regarding what I-asws did. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says in the Decisive of His-azwj Book: There would always be for you all, in (the person of) Rasool-Allah, an excellent exemplar [33:21]’. They said, ‘And who are they-as, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws?’
قَالَ: أَوَّلُهُمْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ: وَ أَعْتَزِلُكُمْ وَ ما تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ، فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ اعْتَزَلَ قَوْمَهُ لِغَيْرِ مَكْرُوهٍ أَصَابَهُ مِنْهُمْ فَقَدْ كَفَرْتُمْ، وَ إِنْ قُلْتُمْ اعْتَزَلَهُمْ لِمَكْرُوهٍ مِنْهُمْ فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
He-asws said: ‘The first of them-as is Ibrahim-as when he-as said to his-as people: And I will withdraw from you and what you call on besides Allah, [19:48]. So, if you were to say that Ibrahim-as withdrew from his-as people for other than the ordeal he-as was hit with from them, so you would have blasphemed, and if you say he-as withdrew from them due to an ordeal from them, then the successor-asws is with an excuse.
وَ لِي بِابْنِ خَالَتِهِ لُوطٍ أُسْوَةٌ إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ: لَوْ أَنَّ لِي بِكُمْ قُوَّةً أَوْ آوِي إِلى رُكْنٍ شَدِيدٍ فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ إِنَّ لُوطاً كَانَتْ لَهُ بِهِمْ قُوَّةٌ فَقَدْ كَفَرْتُمْ، وَ إِنْ قُلْتُمْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ بِهِمْ قُوَّةٌ فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
And for me-asws is with the son-as of his-as maternal aunt, Lut-as, there is an exemplar when he-as said to his-as people: ‘If only there was strength for me against you, or a recourse to a strong support’ [11:80]. So, if you were to say that Lut-as, there was strength for him-as with them, so you would have blasphemed, and if you say that there did not happen to be strength for him-as, then the successor-asws has an excuse.
وَ لِي بِيُوسُفَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أُسْوَةٌ، إِذْ قَالَ: رَبِّ السِّجْنُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا يَدْعُونَنِي إِلَيْهِ فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ إِنَّ يُوسُفَ دَعَا رَبَّهُ وَ سَأَلَهُ السِّجْنَ بِسَخَطِ رَبِّهِ فَقَدْ كَفَرْتُمْ، وَ إِنْ قُلْتُمْ إِنَّهُ أَرَادَ بِذَلِكَ لِئَلَّا يَسْخَطَ رَبُّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَاخْتَارَ السِّجْنَ، فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
And for me-asws there is an exemplar with Yusuf-as when he-as said: ‘Lord! The prison is more beloved to me than what they are calling me to, [12:33]. So, if you were to say that Yusuf-as supplication to his-as Lord-azwj and asked Him-azwj for the prison, was due to the Wrath of his-as Lord-azwj, so you would have blasphemed. And if you were to say that he-as wanted that, lest his-as Lord-azwj would be Wrathful upon him-as, so he-as chose the prison, then the successors-asws is with an excuse.
وَ لِي بِمُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أُسْوَةٌ إِذْ قَالَ: فَفَرَرْتُ مِنْكُمْ لَمَّا خِفْتُكُمْ فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ إِنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَرَّ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ بِلَا خَوْفٍ كَانَ لَهُ مِنْهُمْ فَقَدْ كَفَرْتُمْ، وَ إِنْ قُلْتُمْ إِنَّ مُوسَى (ع) خَافَ مِنْهُمْ فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
And for me-asws there is an exemplar with Musa-as when he-as said: ‘So I fled from you when I feared you. [26:21]. So, if you were to say that Musa-as fled from his-as people without fear which was for him-as from them, so you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that Musa-as did fear from them, them the successor-asws is with an excuse.
وَ لِي بِأَخِي هَارُونَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أُسْوَةٌ، إِذْ قَالَ لِأَخِيهِ يَا ابْنَ أُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَ كادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ لَمْ يَسْتَضْعِفُوهُ وَ لَمْ يُشْرِفُوا عَلَى قَتْلِهِ فَقَدْ كَفَرْتُمْ، وَ إِنْ قُلْتُمْ اسْتَضْعَفُوهُ وَ أَشْرَفُوا عَلَى قَتْلِهِ فَلِذَلِكَ سَكَتَ عَنْهُمْ فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
And for me-asws there is an exemplar with my-as brother-as Haroun-as when he-as said to his-as brother (Musa-as): He said: ‘Son of my mother! Surely the people weakened me and they almost killed me, [7:150]. So, if you were to say they had not weakened him-as and they did not overlook upon killing him-as so you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say that they did weaken him-as and overlooked upon killing him-as, so due to that he-as was silent from them, then the successor-as is with an excuse.
وَ لِي بِمُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أُسْوَةٌ حِينَ فَرَّ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ وَ لَحِقَ بِالْغَارِ مِنْ خَوْفِهِمْ وَ أَنَامَنِي عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ، فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ فَرَّ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ لِغَيْرِ خَوْفٍ مِنْهُمْ فَقَدْ كَفَرْتُمْ، وَ إِنْ قُلْتُمْ خَافَهُمْ وَ أَنَامَنِي عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ وَ لَحِقَ هُوَ بِالْغَارِ مِنْ خَوْفِهِمْ فَالْوَصِيُّ أَعْذَرُ.
And for me-asws there is an example with Muhammad-saww when he-saww fled from his-saww people and joined up with the cave from fearing them, and made me-asws sleep upon his-saww bed. So, if you were to say that he-saww fled from his-saww people for other than fear from them, you would have blasphemed, and if you were to say he-saww did fear them and made me-asws sleep upon his-saww bed and he-saww went to the cave from fearing them, then the successor-asws is with an excuse’’.[31]
30- ع: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ ابْنِ حَمَّادٍ الشَّاشِيِّ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْمِيثَمِيِّ، عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: مَا مَنَعَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ النَّاسَ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ؟. قَالَ: خَوْفاً أَنْ يَرْتَدُّوا.
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Ahmad Bin Hatim, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa, from Muhammad Ibn Hammad Al Shashy, from Al Husayn Bin Rashid, from Ali Bin Ismail Al Maysami, from Rabie, from Zurara who said,
‘I said, ‘What prevented Amir Al-Momineen-asws from calling the people to himself-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘Fear that they might become apostates’.
قَالَ عَلِيٌ:- وَ أَحْسَبُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ-: وَ لَا يَشْهَدُوا أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (ص).
Ali (Bin Hatim) said: ‘He reckons it is in the Hadeeth: ‘And they might not testify that Muhammad-saww is Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj’’.[32]
31- ع: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الصُّهْبَانِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: لِمَ كَفَّ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنِ الْقَوْمِ؟. قَالَ: مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَرْجِعُوا كُفَّاراً.
(The book) ‘Illal Sharaie’ – Ahmad Bin Al Husayn, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Suhban, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of our companions who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Why did Ali-asws refrain from the people?’ He-asws said: ‘Fear that they might return to be Kafirs’’.[33]
32- ع: أَبِي، عَنْ سَعْدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى، عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: إِنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمْ يَمْنَعْهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُمْ أَنْ يَكُونُوا ضُلَّالًا، لَا يَرْجِعُونَ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ أَنْ يَدْعُوَهُمْ فَيَأْبَوْا عَلَيْهِ فَيَصِيرُونَ كُفَّاراً كُلُّهُمْ.
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Marouf, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Bureyd,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws, was not prevented from calling (people) to himself-asws, except they would happen to stray. They, not returning from Al-Islam was more beloved to him-asws than calling them and they to refuse to him-asws, so they would become Kafirs, all of them’’.[34]
33- ل: مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ وَ ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ وَ الْعَطَّارُ جَمِيعاً، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ، عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَادٍّ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ- وَ هُوَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِهِ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! ائْذَنْ لِي أَتَكَلَّمْ بِمَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ يَرْوِيهِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ؟.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Majaylawiya and Ibn Al Mutawakkal and Al Attar, altogether from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Al Nazr, from Khalid Bin Madd, from Jabir Al Ju’fy,
‘From Abu Ja’far Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘A man came to Ali-asws, and he-asws was upon the pulpit, and he said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Will you-asws allow me to speak with what I heard from Ammar Bin Yasser reporting from Rasool-Allah-saww?’
فَقَالَ: اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ لَا تَقُولُوا عَلَى عَمَّارٍ إِلَّا مَا قَالَهُ .. حَتَّى قَالَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: تَكَلَّمْ.
He-asws said: ‘Fear Allah-azwj and do not say upon Ammar except what he did say’ – until he-asws said it three times, then said: ‘Speak!’
قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَمَّاراً يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَقُولُ: أَنَا أُقَاتِلُ عَلَى التَّنْزِيلِ وَ عَلِيٌّ يُقَاتِلُ عَلَى التَّأْوِيلِ.
He said, ‘I heard Ammar saying, ‘I heard Rasool-Allah-saww say: ‘I-asws am fighting upon the Revelation, and Ali-asws would fight upon the interpretation’.
فَقَالَ (ع): صَدَقَ عَمَّارٌ وَ رَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ، إِنَّ هَذِهِ عِنْدِي لَفِي أَلْفِ كَلِمَةٍ تَتْبَعُ كُلَّ كَلِمَةٍ أَلْفُ كَلِمَةٍ.
He-asws said: ‘Ammar spoke the truth, by the Lord-azwj of Kabah! This is with me-asws among a thousand phrases, each phrase opening a thousand phrases’’.[35]
34- ما: الْمُفِيدُ، عَنِ ابْنِ قُولَوَيْهِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُوسَى، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ، وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ مَعاً، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ، عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: لِمَنْ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ حِينَ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ؟ قَالَ: لَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ. فَقُلْتُ: كَيْفَ صَارَ فِي تَيْمٍ وَ عَدِيٍّ؟
(The book) ‘Amaali’ of sheykh Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Ibn Qawlawiya, from Ali Bin Hatim, from Al Hassan Bin Ubeydullahj, from Al Hassan Bin Musa, from Ibn AbuNajran, and Muhammad Bin Umar Bin Yazeed, both together from Hammad Bin Isa, from Rabie, from Al Fuzeyl who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘From whom was the command when Rasool-Allah-saww passed away?’ He-asws said: ‘For us-asws, People-asws of the Household’. I said, ‘How come it came to be among Taym (Abu Bakr’s tribe) and Udayy (Umar’s tribe)?’
قَالَ: إِنَّكَ سَأَلْتَ فَافْهَمِ الْجَوَابَ! إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَمَّا كَتَبَ أَنْ يُفْسَدَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ تُنْكَحَ الْفُرُوجُ الْحَرَامُ، وَ يُحْكَمَ بِغَيْرِ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ، خَلَّى بَيْنَ أَعْدَائِنَا وَ بَيْنَ مُرَادِهِمْ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى دَفَعُونَا عَنْ حَقِّنَا وَ جَرَى الظُّلْمَ عَلَى أَيْدِيهِمْ دُونَنَا.
He-asws said: ‘You asked the question, so understand the answer! When Allah-azwj the Exalted Decreed that there would be corruption in the earth, and the Prohibited sexual relations would take place, and there would be decisions made with other than what Allah-azwj Revealed, He-azwj Left alone our-asws enemies and their aims from the world until they repelled us-asws from our-asws rights, and the injustices flowed upon the hands upon us-asws’’.[36]
35- ع: ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ، عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنِ رِبْعِيٍّ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ أَوْ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ حِينَ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: لِمَنْ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ بَعْدَهُ؟ فَقَالَ: لَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ. قُلْتُ: فَكَيْفَ صَارَ فِي غَيْرِكُمْ؟
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffatr, from Ibn Yazeed, from Rabie, from Hammad, from Al Fuzeyl, from Al Fuzeyl Bin Yassar who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws or to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, for whom was the command after him-saww?’ He-asws said: ‘For us-asws, People-asws of the Household’. I said, ‘So, how come it came to be in others?’
قَالَ: إِنَّكَ قَدْ سَأَلْتَ فَافْهَمِ الْجَوَابَ! إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمَّا عَلِمَ أَنْ يُفْسَدَ فِي الْأَرْضِ، وَ تُنْكَحَ الْفُرُوجُ الْحَرَامُ، وَ يُحْكَمَ بِغَيْرِ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَرَادَ أَنْ يَلِيَ ذَلِكَ غَيْرُنَا.
He-asws said: ‘You has asked, so understand the answer! When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Knew that there would be corruption in the earth, and the Prohibited sexual relations would take place, and decisions would be made with other than what Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed, He-azwj Wanted other than us-asws to be in-charge of that’’.[37]
36- قب: قَالَ ضِرَارٌ لِهِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ: أَلَّا دَعَا عَلِيٌّ النَّاسَ عِنْدَ وَفَاةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِلَى الِائْتِمَامِ بِهِ إِنْ كَانَ وَصِيّاً؟.
(The book) ‘Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Zirar said to Hisham Bin Al-Hakam, ‘Why didn’t Ali-asws call the people, at the expiry of the Prophet-saww, to be ruled by him-asws, if he-asws was a successor-asws?’
قَالَ: لَمْ يَكُنْ وَاجِباً عَلَيْهِ، لِأَنَّهُ قَدْ دَعَاهُمْ إِلَى مُوَالاتِهِ وَ الِائْتِمَامِ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَوْمَ الْغَدِيرِ وَ يَوْمَ تَبُوكَ وَ غَيْرَهُمَا فَلَمْ يَقْبَلُوا مِنْهُ، وَ لَوْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ جَائِزاً لَجَازَ عَلَى آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ إِبْلِيسَ إِلَى السُّجُودِ لَهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ دَعَاهُ رَبُّهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ صَبَرَ كَما صَبَرَ أُولُوا الْعَزْمِ مِنَ الرُّسُلِ
He said: ‘It did not happen to be Obligatory upon him-asws, because the Prophet-saww had already called them to his-asws Wilayah and to be ruled by him-asws on the day of Al-Ghadeer, and the day of Tabuk, and others. But, they did not accept from him-saww. And had that been allowed, it would be allowed for Adam-as to call Iblees-la to do sajdah to him-as after his-as Lord-azwj had already called him-la to that. Then he-asws was patience just as the Determined ones from the Rasools were patient, [46:35]’.
وَ سَأَلَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ الطَّاقِيَ فَقَالَ لَهُ: لِمَ لَمْ يَطْلُبْ عَلِيٌّ بِحَقِّهِ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ الرَّسُولِ إِنِ كَانَ لَهُ حَقٌّ؟. قَالَ: خَافَ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ الْجِنُّ كَمَا قَتَلُوا سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ بِسَهْمِ الْمُغِيرَةِ ابْنِ شُعْبَةَ!.
And he asked Abu Haneefa Al-Tafy saying to him, ‘Why didn’t Ali-asws seek his-asws rights after the expiry of the Rasool-saww, if there was a right for him-asws?’ He said, ‘He-asws feared the Jinn would kill him-asws just as they had killed Sa’ad Bin Ubada by an arrow of Al-Mugheira Ibn Shu’ba!’
وَ قِيلَ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ مِيثَمٍ: لِمَ قَعَدَ عَنْ قِتَالِهِمْ؟. قَالَ: كَمَا قَعَدَ هَارُونُ عَنِ السَّامِرِيِّ وَ قَدْ عَبَدُوا الْعِجْلَ قُبُلًا فَكَانَ ضَعِيفاً.
And it was said to Ali Bin Maysam, ‘Why did he-asws sit back from fighting them?’ He said, ‘Just as Haroun-as had sat back from Al-Samiri-la, and they (people) had worshipped the calf in front of him-as, and he-as was weakened’.
قَالَ: كَانَ كَهَارُونَ حَيْثُ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَ كادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي، وَ كَنُوحٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِذْ قَالَ: أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ فَانْتَصِرْ، وَ كَلُوطٍ إِذْ قَالَ: لَوْ أَنَّ لِي بِكُمْ قُوَّةً أَوْ آوِي إِلى رُكْنٍ شَدِيدٍ، وَ كَمُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ إِذْ قَالَ مُوسَى: رَبِّ إِنِّي لا أَمْلِكُ إِلَّا نَفْسِي وَ أَخِي.
He said, ‘Like Haroun-as when he-as said: ‘He said: ‘Son of my mother! Surely the people weakened me and they almost killed me, [7:150]; and like Noah-as when he-as said: ‘‘‘I am overcome, so Help!’ [54:10]; and like Lut-as when he-as said: ‘If only there was strength for me against you, or a recourse to a strong support’ [11:80]; and like Musa-as and Haroun-as when Musa-as said: ‘My Lord! I cannot control except myself and my brother, [5:25]’’.[38]
37- قب: وَ فِي الْخِصَالِ فِي آدَابِ الْمُلُوكِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: وَ لِي فِي مُوسَى أُسْوَةٌ وَ فِي خَلِيلِي قُدْوَةٌ، وَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عِبْرَةٌ، وَ فِيمَا أَوْدَعَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بُرْهَانٌ، وَ فِيمَا عَرَفْتُ تَبْصِرَةٌ،
(The book) ‘Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub’. And in (the book) ‘Al Khisaal’ –
‘Regarding etiquettes of the kings, he-asws said: ‘And for me-asws there is an exemplar in Musa-as, and a model in my-asws friend-saww, and a lesson in the Book of Allah-azwj, and a proof in what Rasool-Allah-saww promised me-asws, and a foresight in what I-asws recognised.
إِنْ يُكَذِّبُونِي فَقَدْ كَذَّبُوا الْحَقَّ مِنْ قَبْلِي، وَ إِنْ أُبْتَلَى بِهِ فَتِلْكَ سِيرَتِي، الْمَحَجَّةُ الْعُظْمَى وَ السَّبِيلُ الْمُفْضِيَةُ لِمَنْ لَزِمَهَا إِلَى النَّجَاةِ لَمْ أَزَلْ عَلَيْهَا لَا نَاكِلًا وَ لَا مُبَدِّلًا، لَنْ أُضَيِّعَ بَيْنَ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ عَهْدِ ابْنِ عَمِّي بِهِ ..
If they were to belie me-asws, so the truth has been belied from before me-asws, and if I-asws am tried with it, so that is my-asws way, and the great argument, and the way to the salvation, Decreed for the one who necessitates it. I-asws have not ceased to be upon it, neither transferring nor replacing. I-asws will never waste it, between the Book of Allah-azwj and pact of the son-saww of my-asws uncle-as’.
فِي كَلَامٍ لَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ:
| لَنْ أَطْلُبَ الْعُذْرَ فِي قَوْمِي وَ قَدْ جَهِلُوا | فَرْضَ الْكِتَابِ وَ نَالُوا كُلَّ مَا حَرُمَا | |
| حَبْلُ الْإِمَامَةِ لِي مِنْ بَعْدِ أَحْمَدِنَا |
In a speech of his-asws, then he-asws said (in prose): ‘I-asws will never seek any excuse among my-asws people and they are ignorant of the Obligations of the Book, and they attained all what was Prohibited. The rope of the Imamate is for me-asws from after our Ahmad-saww’.
وَ مِنْ كَلَامٍ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ- رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ-: فَنَزَلَ بِي مِنْ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنِ الْجِبَالُ لَوْ حُمِّلَتْهُ لَحَمَلَتْهُ، وَ رَأَيْتُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ بَيْنَ جَازِعٍ لَا يَمْلِكُ جَزَعَهُ، وَ لَا يَضْبِطُ نَفْسَهُ، وَ لَا يَقْوَى عَلَى حَمْلِ مَا نَزَلَ بِهِ، قَدْ أَذْهَبَ الْجَزَعُ صَبْرَهُ، وَ أَذْهَلَ عَقْلَهُ، وَ حَالَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الْفَهْمِ وَ الْإِفْهَامِ، وَ بَيْنَ الْقَوْلِ وَ الِاسْتِمَاعِ.
And from a speech of his-asws – It is reported by Muhammad Bin Sallam, ‘And it befell with me-asws, from the expiry of Rasool-Allah-saww
And I-asws saw his-saww family between alarm, they could not control their alarm, nor regulate themselves, nor were they strong upon bearing what had befallen with them. The alarm had taken away their patience, and their minds were dazed, and there was a barrier between their understanding and their explanation and between the speaking and listening’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: بَعْدَ كَلَامٍ-: وَ حَمَلْتُ نَفْسِي عَلَى الصَّبْرِ عِنْدَ وَفَاتِهِ، وَ لَزِمْتُ الصَّمْتَ وَ الْأَخْذَ فِيمَا أَمَرَنِي بِهِ مِنْ تَجْهِيزِهِ .. الخبر.
Then he-asws said: ‘After a speech: ‘And I-asws carried myself-asws upon the patience at his-saww expiry, and stayed silent, and taking regarding what he-saww had instructed me-asws with, from preparing his-saww funeral’.
قِيلَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي جُلُوسِهِ عَنْهُمْ؟ قَالَ: إِنِّي ذَكَرْتُ قَوْلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ الْقَوْمَ نَقَضُوا أَمْرَكَ، وَ اسْتَبَدُّوا بِهَا دُونَكَ، وَ عَصَوْنِي فِيكَ، فَعَلَيْكَ بِالصَّبْرِ حَتَّى يَنْزِلَ الْأَمْرُ، فَإِنَّهُمْ سَيَغْدِرُونَ بِكَ وَ أَنْتَ تَعِيشُ عَلَى مِلَّتِي، وَ تُقْتَلُ عَلَى سُنَّتِي، مَنْ أَحَبَّكَ أَحَبَّنِي، وَ مَنْ أَبْغَضَكَ أَبْغَضَنِي، وَ إِنَّ هَذِهِ سَتُخْضَبُ مِنْ هَذَا.
It was said to Amir Al-Momineen-asws regarding his-asws sitting back from them (Abu Bakr and Umar). He-asws said: ‘I-asws remembered the words of the Prophet-saww: ‘I-saww see the people would break your-asws orders, and domineering over you, and disobeying me-saww regarding you-asws. So, upon you-asws is to be with the patience until the Command descends, for they would be treacherous with you-asws, and you-asws would be living upon my-saww Religion, and speaking upon my-saww Sunnah. One who loves you-asws, loves me-saww, and one who hates you-asws, hates me-saww, and this (your-asws beard) would be dyed from this (your-asws forehead’’.
زُرَارَةُ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: مَا مَنَعَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ النَّاسَ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ، وَ يُجَرِّدَ فِي عَدُوِّهِ سَيْفَهُ؟.
Zurara said, ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What prevented Amir Al-Momineen-asws from calling the people to himself-asws, and baring his-asws sword among his-asws enemies?’
فَقَالَ: الْخَوْفُ مِنْ أَنْ يَرْتَدُّوا فَلَا يَشْهَدُوا أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ..
He-asws said: ‘The fear from them becoming apostates, so they would not be testifying that Muhammad-saww is Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj’’.
وَ سَأَلَ صَدَقَةُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عُمَرَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ الْمَاصِرَ عَنْ جُلُوسِ عَلِيٍّ فِي الدَّارِ؟. فَقَالَ: إِنَّ عَلِيّاً فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ كَانَ فَرِيضَةً مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اللَّهِ، أَدَّاهَا نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ مِثْلَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ الصَّوْمِ وَ الْحَجِّ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الْفَرَائِضِ أَنْ تَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى شَيْءٍ إِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يُجِيبُوا الْفَرَائِضَ،
And Sadaqa Bin Muslim was asked by Umar Bin Qays Al Masir about Ali-asws sitting back in the house? He said,
‘Ali-asws in this community was an Obligation from the Obligations of Allah-azwj. The Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj performed it to his-saww people like the Salat, and the Zakat, and the Fast, and the Hajj, and it isn’t upon the Obligation that he-asws should be calling them to anything. But rather it was upon them they respond by performing the Obligations.
وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ أَعْذَرَ مِنْ هَارُونَ لَمَّا ذَهَبَ مُوسَى إِلَى الْمِيقَاتِ، فَقَالَ لِهَارُونَ: اخْلُفْنِي فِي قَوْمِي وَ أَصْلِحْ وَ لا تَتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ فَجَعَلَهُ رَقِيباً عَلَيْهِمْ،
And Ali-asws was more excused than Haroun-as when Musa-as had gone to the appointment and said to Haroun-as: ‘Be my Caliph among my people and be righteous, and do not follow the way of the mischief makers’ [7:142]. He-as made him-as to be a watcher upon them.
وَ إِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ نَصَبَ عَلِيّاً (ع) لِهَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ عَلَماً وَ دَعَاهُمْ إِلَيْهِ، فَعَلِيٌّ فِي عُذْرٍ لَمَّا جَلَسَ فِي بَيْتِهِ، وَ هُمْ فِي حَرَجٍ حَتَّى يُخْرِجُوهُ فَيَضَعُوهُ فِي الْمَوْضِعِ الَّذِي وَضَعَهُ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، فَاسْتَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ جَعْفَرٌ الصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ.
And that the Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj nominated Ali-asws as a flag for this community and called them to him-asws, so Ali-asws is in an excuse when he-as sat back in his-asws house, and they were in blame until they were to bring him-asws out and place him-asws in the place which Rasool-Allah-saww had placed him-asws in’. Ja’far Al-Sadiq-asws approved from it.
وَ مِنْ كَلَامٍ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ- وَ قَدْ سُئِلَ عَنْ أَمْرِهِمَا-: وَ كُنْتُ كَرَجُلٍ لَهُ عَلَى النَّاسِ حَقٌّ، فَإِنْ عَجَّلُوا لَهُ مَالَهُ أَخَذَهُ وَ حَمِدَهُمْ، وَ إِنْ أُخِّرَهُ أَخَذَهُ غَيْرَ مَحْمُودِينَ،
And from a speech of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and he-asws had been asked about their (Abu Bakr and Umar)’ matter: ‘I-asws was like a man who had a right for him upon the people. So, if they were to hasten his wealth to him, he would take it and praise them, and if they were to delay it, he would take it and not praise them.
وَ كُنْتُ كَرَجُلٍ يَأْخُذُ بِالسُّهُولَةِ وَ هُوَ عِنْدَ النَّاسِ حَزُونٌ، وَ إِنَّمَا يُعْرَفُ الْهُدَى بِقِلَّةِ مَنْ يَأْخُذُهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ، فَإِذَا سَكَتُّ فَأَعْفُونِي.
And I-asws was like a man taking with the ease while he-asws grief-striken with the people, and rather the guidance is recognised by the scarcity of the ones from the people taking it. So, when I-asws am silent, then excuse me-asws’’.
وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ يَوْمَ الشُّورَى: إِنَّ لَنَا حَقّاً إِنْ أُعْطِينَاهُ أَخَذْنَاهُ، وَ إِنْ مُنِعْنَاهُ رَكِبْنَا أَعْجَازَ الْإِبِلِ وَ إِنْ طَالَ بِنَا السُّرَى.
And he-asws said to Abdul Rahman Bin Awf on the day of the consultant, ‘For us-asws there is a right. If you give it, we-asws shall take it, and if you-asws refuse us-asws from it, we-asws shall ride the difficult camel and even if the travel is prolonged with us-asws’.
وَ سُئِلَ مُتَكَلِّمٌ: لِمَ لَمْ يُقَاتِلِ الْأَوَّلِينَ عَلَى حَقِّهِ وَ قَاتَلَ الْآخَرِينَ؟! فَقَالَ: لِمَ لَمْ يُقَاتِلْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَلَى إِبْلَاغِ الرِّسَالَةِ فِي حَالِ الْغَارِ وَ مُدَّةِ الشِّعْبِ وَ قَاتَلَ بَعْدَهُمَا؟! ..
And Mutakallim was asked, ‘Why did he-asws not fight the formers ones upon his-asws right and fought the latter ones?!’ He said, ‘Why did Rasool-Allah-azwj not fight upon the delivery of the Message in the situation of the cave, and the period of the mountain pass (of Abu Talib-asws) and fought after these two (situations)?!’
وَ قَالَ بَعْضُ النَّوَاصِبِ لِشَيْطَانِ الطَّاقِ؟!: كَانَ عَلِيٌّ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَى الشَّيْخَيْنِ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَ فَصَدَقَ أَمْ كَذَبَ؟!. قَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِي أَنْتَ عَنِ الْمَلَكَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ دَخَلَا عَلَى دَاوُدَ، فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا: إِنَّ هذا أَخِي لَهُ تِسْعٌ وَ تِسْعُونَ نَعْجَةً وَ لِيَ نَعْجَةٌ واحِدَةٌ، كَذَبَ أَمْ صَدَقَ؟. فَانْقَطَعَ النَّاصِبِيُّ.
And one of the Nasibis (Hostile ones) said to satans (companions) of Al Taq, ‘Ali-asws the two sheykhs (Abu Bakr and Umar) with ‘Amir Al Momineen’, was he-asws truthful or a liar?!’ He said, ‘You inform me about the two Angels, those who had entered to see Dawood-as, so one of them said: This is my brother. For him are ninety nine ewes and for me there is one ewe, [38:23], was it a lie or true?’ The Nasibi walked away’.
وَ سَأَلَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرِيزٍ هِشَامَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ عَلِيٍّ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ: يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَ كَانَ صَادِقاً أَمْ كَاذِباً؟!
And Suleyman Bin Hareez asked Hisham Bin Al-Hakam, ‘Inform me about the words of Ali-asws to Abu Bakr: ‘O caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww!’ Was he-asws truthful or a liar?!’
فَقَالَ هِشَامٌ: وَ مَا الدَّلِيلُ عَلَى أَنَّهُ قَالَ؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَالَهُ فَهُوَ كَقَوْلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: إِنِّي سَقِيمٌ، وَ كَقَوْلِهِ: بَلْ فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ، وَ كَقَوْلِ يُوسُفَ: أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسارِقُونَ …
Hisham said, ‘And what is the evidence upon the he-asws said it?’ Then he said, ‘And even if he-asws did say it, so it would be like the words of Ibrahim-as: ‘I feel sick’ [37:89], and like his-as words: ‘But their biggest one did this, [21:63], and like the words of Yusuf-as: ‘O caravan! You are stealing!’ [12:70]’’.
وَ قِيلَ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ مِيثَمٍ: لِمَ صَلَّى عَلِيٌّ خَلْفَ الْقَوْمِ؟ قَالَ: جَعَلَهُمْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ السَّوَارِي.
And it was said to Ali Bin Maysam, ‘Why did Ali-asws pray behind the people?’ He said, ‘He-asws made them to be at the status of the pillars (of the Masjid)’.
قِيلَ: فَلِمَ ضَرَبَ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ عُقْبَةَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ عُثْمَانَ؟. قَالَ: لِأَنَّ الْحَدَّ لَهُ وَ إِلَيْهِ، فَإِذَا أَمْكَنَهُ إِقَامَتُهُ أَقَامَهُ بِكُلِّ حِيلَةٍ.
It was said, ‘Why did he-asws strike Al-Waleed Bin Uqba in front of Usman?’ He said, ‘Because the legal punishment is for him-asws and up to him-asws. So, when he-asws was enabled, he-asws established it, establishing it with every means’.
قِيلَ: فَلِمَ أَشَارَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ؟. قَالَ: طَلَباً مِنْهُ أَنْ يُحْيِيَ أَحْكَامَ الْقُرْآنِ وَ أَنْ يَكُونَ دِينُهُ الْقَيِّمَ كَمَا أَشَارَ يُوسُفُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى مُلْكِ مِصْرَ نَظَراً مِنْهُ لِلْخَلْقِ،
It was said, ‘Why did he-asws give consultation advice to Abu Bakr and Umar?’ He said, ‘They sought from him-asws that he-asws revives the Judgments of the Quran, and his-asws Religion happened to be the upright one, just as Yusuf-as had given consultation advice to the king of Egypt, in consideration from him-as to the people;
وَ لِأَنَّ الْأَرْضَ وَ الْحُكْمَ فِيهَا إِلَيْهِ، فَإِذَا أَمْكَنَهُ أَنْ يُظْهِرَ مَصَالِحَ الْخَلْقِ فَعَلَ، وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُمْكِنْهُ ذَلِكَ بِنَفْسِهِ تَوَصَّلَ إِلَيْهِ عَلَى يَدَيْ مَنْ يُمْكِنُهُ طَلَباً مِنْهُ لِإِحْيَاءِ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ.
And because the earth and the judgments in it are up to him-asws. So, when he-asws is enabled from manifest the interests of the people, he-asws does it, and if he-asws is not enabled by himself-asws, he-asws connected it to the one who was enabled. They had both sought from him-asws the revival of the Commands of Allah-azwj’.
قِيلَ: لِمَ قَعَدَ فِي الشُّورَى؟. قَالَ: اقْتِدَاراً مِنْهُ عَلَى الْحُجَّةِ وَ عِلْماً بِأَنَّهُمْ إِنْ نَاظَرُوهُ أَوْ أَنْصَفُوهُ كَانَ هُوَ الْغَالِبَ، وَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ دَعْوَى فَدُعِيَ إِلَى أَنْ يُنَاظِرَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنْ ثَبَتَتْ لَهُ الْحُجَّةُ أُعْطِيَهُ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ بَطَلَ حَقُّهُ وَ أَدْخَلَ بِذَلِكَ الشُّبْهَةَ عَلَى الْخَلْقِ،
It was said, ‘Why did he-asws sit in the consultation council?’ He said, ‘An empowerment from him-asws upon the argument, and knowledge, that if they were to dispute with him-asws or be fair, he-asws would prevail, and the one who had a claim for him and he claims until he is debated upon it, so if he proves the proof he is given it, and if he does not do so, his right would be invalidate, and the doubts would enter due to that upon the people.
وَ قَدْ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَوْمَئِذٍ: الْيَوْمَ أُدْخِلْتُ فِي بَابٍ إِذَا أُنْصِفْتُ فِيهِ وَصَلْتُ إِلَى حَقِّي، يَعْنِي أَنَّ الْأَوَّلَ اسْتَبَدَّ بِهَا يَوْمَ السَّقِيفَةِ وَ لَمْ يُشَاوِرْهُ،
And he-asws had said on that day: ‘Today I-asws am entering into a door, when I-asws receive justice, I-asws shall arrive to my-asws right, meaning that the first tyranny with it was on the day of Al-Saqeefa, and they did not consult it’.
قِيلَ: فَلِمَ زَوَّجَ عُمَرَ ابْنَتَهُ؟. قَالَ: لِإِظْهَارِهِ الشَّهَادَتَيْنِ وَ إِقْرَارِهِ بِفَضْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ إِرَادَتِهِ اسْتِصْلَاحَهُ وَ كَفَّهُ عَنْهُ، وَ قَدْ عَرَضَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ لُوطٌ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بَنَاتِهِ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ وَ هُمْ كُفَّارٌ لِيَرُدَّهُمْ عَنْ ضَلَالَتِهِمْ، فَقَالَ: هؤُلاءِ بَناتِي هُنَّ أَطْهَرُ لَكُمْ، وَ وَجَدْنَا آسِيَةَ بِنْتَ مُزَاحِمٍ تَحْتَ فِرْعَوْنَ.
It was said, ‘Why did he-asws get his-asws daughter to be married to Umar?’ He said, ‘For his manifesting the two testimonies and his acceptance with the merit of Rasool-Allah-saww, and his-asws intention to correct him, and refrain from him-asws, and the Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj, Lut-as had presented his-as daughters to his-as people, and they were Kafirs, in order to return them from their straying: These are my (Community’s) daughters – they are purer for you, [11:78]; and we find Aasiya-as daughter of Muzahim to be under (married to) Pharaoh-la’.
وَ سُئِلَ الشَّيْخُ الْمُفِيدُ: لِمَ أَخَذَ عَطَاءَهُمْ، وَ صَلَّى خَلْفَهُمْ، وَ نَكَحَ سَبْيَهُمْ، وَ حَكَمَ فِي مَجَالِسِهِمْ؟.
And sheykh Al Mufeed was asked, ‘Why did he-asws take their awards, and pray Salat behind them, and marry their captives, and make decisions in their gatherings?’
فَقَالَ: أَمَّا أَخْذُهُ الْعَطَاءَ فَأَخَذَ بَعْضَ حَقِّهِ، وَ أَمَّا الصَّلَاةُ خَلْفَهُمْ فَهُوَ الْإِمَامُ، مَنْ تَقَدَّمَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَصَلَاتُهُ فَاسِدَةٌ، عَلَى أَنَّ كُلًّا مُؤَدٍّ حَقَّهُ،
He said, ‘As for his-asws taking the awards, he-asws was taking part of his-asws right; and as for the Salat behind them, so he-asws is the Imam-asws. One who preceded in front of him-asws, his Salat is spoilt, upon that each persons performs his right.
وَ أَمَّا نِكَاحُهُ مِنْ سَبْيِهِمْ فَمِنْ طَرِيقِ الْمُمَانَعَةِ، إِنَّ الشِّيعَةَ رَوَتْ أَنَّ الْحَنَفِيَّةَ زَوَّجَهَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مُسْلِمٍ الْحَنَفِيَّ، وَ اسْتَدَلُّوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ لَمَّا رَدَّ مَنْ كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ سَبَاهُ لَمْ يَرُدَّ الْحَنَفِيَّةَ، فَلَوْ كَانَتْ مِنَ السَّبْيِ لَرَدَّهَا،
And as for his-asws marrying their captives, it was from the way of the impedance. The Shias are reporting that Al Hanafiya, Amir Al Momineen-asws married her to Muhammad Bin Muslim Al Hanafi, and pointed upon that with that Umar Bin Al Khattab, when there arrived to him the ones whom Abu Bakr has captured, did not return Al Hanafiya. If she was been from the captive, he would have returned her.
وَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ الْمُتَابَعَةِ أَنَّهُ لَوْ نَكَحَ مِنْ سَبْيِهِمْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَكُمْ مَا أَرَدْتُمْ، لِأَنَّ الَّذِينَ سَبَاهُمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ كَانُوا عِنْدَكُمْ قَادِحِينَ فِي نُبُوَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ كُفَّاراً، فَنِكَاحُهُمْ حَلَالٌ لِكُلِّ أَحَدٍ، وَ لَوْ كَانَ الَّذِينَ سَبَاهُمْ يَزِيدُ وَ زِيَادٌ،
And from the way of the follow-up, if he-asws married from their captives, there does not happen for you what you are intending, because those Abu Bakr had captured them were rejecters regarding the Prophet-hood of Rasool-Allah-saww, Kafirs, so marrying them was Permissible of every one, and even though they may be those captured by Yazeed and Ziyad.
وَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ يَسُوغُ لَكُمْ مَا ذَكَرْتُمُوهُ إِذَا كَانَ الَّذِينَ سَبَاهُمْ قَادِحِينَ فِي إِمَامَتِهِ ثُمَّ نَكَحَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ،
And rather it was justified with you what you are mentioning, when those who were captured were rejecters in his-asws Imamate. Then Amir Al Momineen-asws married.
وَ أَمَّا حُكْمُهُ فِي مَجَالِسِهِمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَوْ قَدَرَ أَنْ لَا يَدَعَهُمْ يَحْكُمُونَ حُكْماً لَفَعَلَ، إِذِ الْحُكْمُ إِلَيْهِ وَ لَهُ دُونَهُمْ.
And as for his-asws decision making in their gatherings, if he-asws able upon letting them decide a decision, would have done so, when the decision is up to him-asws and for him-asws, besides them.
و في كتاب الكرّ و الفرّ: قالوا: وجدنا عليّا عليه السلام يأخذ عطاء الأوّل و لا يأخذ عطاء ظالم إلّا ظالم؟. قلنا: فقد وجدنا دانيال يأخذ عطاء بختنصر.
And in the book ‘Al Karr Wa Al Farr’ – They said, ‘We find Ali-asws taking the awards of the first one (Abu Bakr), no one takes the awards of an oppressor except an unjust one?’ We said, ‘We have found that Daniel-as took the awards of Bakht Nasr’.
و قالوا: قد صحّ أنّ عليّا عليه السلام لم يبايع ثم بايع، ففي أيّهما أصاب و أخطأ في الأخرى؟. قلنا: و قد صحّ أنّ النبيّ صلّى اللَّه عليه و آله لم يدع في حال و دعا في حال، و لم يقاتل ثم قاتل.
And they said, ‘It is correct that Ali-as did not pledge allegiance, then pledged. Which of the two is correct, and was he-asws mistaken in the other?’ We said, ‘And it is correct that the Prophet-saww did not supplicate in a situation, and supplicated in a situation, and did not fight, then fought’.
– وَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلْمُرْتَضَى: أَيُّ خَلِيفَةٍ قَاتَلَ وَ لَمْ يَسْبِ وَ لَمْ يَغْنَمْ؟.
And a man said to Al Murtaza, ‘Which caliph fought and did not capture and did not take war booty?’
فَقَالَ: ارْتَدَّ غُلَامٌ فِي أَيَّامِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَ لَمْ يَعْرِضْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِمَالِهِ، وَ رُوِيَ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ فِي مُرْتَدٍّ قُتِلَ فِي أَيَّامِ عُمَرَ فَلَمْ يَعْرِضْ لِمَالِهِ، وَ قَتَلَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مُسْتَوْرِدَ الْعِجْلِيَّ وَ لَمْ يَتَعَرَّضْ لِمَالِهِ، فَالْقَتْلُ لَيْسَ بِأَمَارَةٍ عَلَى تَنَاوُلِ الْمَالِ.
He said, ‘A slave became an apostate during the days of Abu Bakr, so they killed him and did not present his wealth to Abu Bakr. And it is reported similar to that regarding an apostate being killed during the days of Umar, and his wealth was not presented, and Ali-asws killed the calf-worshipper and did not turn to his wealth. Thus, the killing isn’t by the government upon grabbing the wealth.
وَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِشَرِيكٍ: أَ لَيْسَ قَوْلُ عَلِيٍّ لِابْنِهِ الْحُسَيْنِ يَوْمَ الْجَمَلِ: يَا بُنَيَّ! يَوَدُّ أَبُوكَ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ قَبْلَ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ بِثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةٍ .. يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ فِي الْأَمْرِ شَيْئاً؟.
And a man said to Shareek, ‘Aren’t the words of Ali-asws to his-asws son-asws Al Husayn-asws on the day of (battle of the) camel: ‘O my-asws son-asws! Your-asws father-asws would love to have died thirty years before this day’, pointing that there is something in the matter?’
فَقَالَ شَرِيكٌ: لَيْسَ كُلُّ حَقٍّ يُشْتَهَى أَنْ يُتْعَبَ فِيهِ، وَ قَدْ قَالَتْ مَرْيَمُ فِي حَقٍّ لَا يُشَكُّ فِيهِ: يا لَيْتَنِي مِتُّ قَبْلَ هذا وَ كُنْتُ نَسْياً مَنْسِيًّا.
Shareek said, ‘It isn’t so that every right craved one should be tired in it, and Maryam-as had said regarding a right there is no doubt in it: ‘‘I wish I had died before this, and was completely forgotten!’ [19:23].
وَ لَمَّا قِيلَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي الْحَكَمَيْنِ: شَكَكْتَ؟. قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَنَا أَوْلَى بِأَنْ لَا أَشُكَّ فِي دِينِي أَمِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ؟ أَوْ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِرَسُولِهِ: قُلْ فَأْتُوا بِكِتابٍ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ هُوَ أَهْدى مِنْهُما أَتَّبِعْهُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صادِقِينَ.
And when it was said to Amir Al Momineen-asws regarding the two decisions, did he-asws doubt?’ He-asws said: ‘Am I-asws foremost with no doubting in my-asws Religion or the Prophet-saww? Or has not Allah-azwj the Exalted Said to His-azwj Rasool-saww: Say, ‘Then come with a Book from the Presence of Allah which is more guiding than both of them, (and) I would follow it, if you were truthful’ [28:49]’’.[39]
38- شي: عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: قَوْلُ النَّاسِ لِعَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ حَقٌّ فَمَا مَنَعَهُ أَنْ يَقُومَ بِهِ؟.
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Suleyman Bin Khalid who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Words of the people regarding Ali-asws, ‘If the right was for him-asws, what prevented him-asws from standing with it?’
قَالَ: فَقَالَ:إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يُكَلِّفْ هَذَا إِلَّا إِنْسَاناً وَاحِداً رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، قَالَ: فَقاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لا تُكَلَّفُ إِلَّا نَفْسَكَ وَ حَرِّضِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَلَيْسَ هَذَا إِلَّا لِلرَّسُولِ.
So he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj has not Imposed this upon anyone except for one human – Rasool-Allah-saww. He-azwj Said So fight in the Way of Allah; it is not encumbered except on yourself [4:84] – so this is not for anyone except the Rasool-saww.
وَ قَالَ لِغَيْرِهِ: إِلَّا مُتَحَرِّفاً لِقِتالٍ أَوْ مُتَحَيِّزاً إِلى فِئَةٍ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَوْمَئِذٍ فِئَةٌ يُعِينُونَهُ عَلَى أَمْرِهِ.
And He-azwj Said for the others unless he turns aside for the sake of fighting or withdraws to a company [8:16], so there wasn’t any company in those days who would support him-asws (Ali-asws) in his-asws matter (of the Caliphate)’’.[40]
39- شي: عَنْ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَتَرْكَبُنَّ سَنَنَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ حَذْوَ النَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ وَ الْقُذَّةِ بِالْقُذَّةِ حَتَّى لَا تُخْطِئُونَ طَرِيقَهُمْ وَ لَا تُخْطِئُكُمْ سُنَّةُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ،
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Hareez, from one of his companions,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘By the One-azwj in Whose Hand is my-saww soul! You will be behaving in the ways of the ones who were before you, step of the slipper with the slipper, and the arrow with the arrow (in a quiver), to the extent that you will not be erring in their way nor will you be erring in the ways of the children of Israel’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: قَالَ مُوسَى لِقَوْمِهِ يا قَوْمِ ادْخُلُوا الْأَرْضَ الْمُقَدَّسَةَ الَّتِي كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ فَرَدُّوا عَلَيْهِ- وَ كَانُوا سِتَّمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ- فَقَالُوا: يا مُوسى إِنَّ فِيها قَوْماً جَبَّارِينَ وَ إِنَّا لَنْ نَدْخُلَها حَتَّى يَخْرُجُوا مِنْها فَإِنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْها فَإِنَّا داخِلُونَ
Then Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Musa-as said to his-as people: O people! Enter the Holy land which Allah has Prescribed for you [5:21]. But they rejected to him-as – and they were six hundred thousand, they said, They said: O Musa! Surely there are tyrannous people in it, and we will never enter it until they exit from it. So if they do exit from it, then we shall be entering (it) [5:22].
قالَ رَجُلانِ مِنَ الَّذِينَ يَخافُونَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا أَحَدُهُمَا يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ وَ كَالِبُ بْنُ يُوفَنَّا، قَالَ: وَ هُمَا ابْنُ عَمِّهِ فَقَالا: ادْخُلُوا عَلَيْهِمُ الْبابَ فَإِذا دَخَلْتُمُوهُ. إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: إِنَّا هاهُنا قاعِدُونَ
Two men of those who were fearing, whom Allah had Favoured upon, said, – one of them was Yoshua Bin Noon-as, and Kalib Bin Youhanna, and they were sons of his-as uncle. They said, ‘Enter unto them by the gate, for when you enter it [5:23] – up to His-azwj Words: we will be sitting over here’ [5:24].
قَالَ: فَعَصَى سِتُّمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ، وَ سَلِمَ هَارُونُ وَ ابْنَاهُ وَ يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ وَ كَالِبُ بْنُ يُوفَنَّا، فَسَمَّاهُمُ اللَّهُ فَاسِقِينَ، فَقَالَ: فَلا تَأْسَ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْفاسِقِينَ فَتَاهُوا أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً لِأَنَّهُمْ عَصَوْا،
He-asws said: ‘Six hundred thousand disobeyed while Haroun-as and his-as two sons, and Yoshua Bin Noon-as and Kalib Bin Youhanna submitted, so Allah-azwj Named them (the multitude) as transgressors, He-azwj Said: ‘therefore do not grieve upon the transgressing people” [5:26]. They wandered for forty years because they disobeyed.
فَكَانَ حَذْوَ النَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ، إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَمَّا قُبِضَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَى أَمْرِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا عَلِيٌّ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ سَلْمَانُ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَمَكَثُوا أَرْبَعِينَ حَتَّى قَامَ عَلِيٌّ فَقَاتَلَ مَنْ خَالَفَهُ.
So, the step of the slipper with the slipper is that when Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, there did not happen to be anyone upon the Commands of Allah-azwj except Ali-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and Salman-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and they remained for forty until Ali-asws stood up and fought the ones who opposes him-asws’’.[41]
40- شي: عَنِ ابْنِ نُبَاتَةَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ وَاقِفاً مَعَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَوْمَ الْجَمَلِ، فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ حَتَّى وَقَفَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! كَبَّرَ الْقَوْمُ وَ كَبَّرْنَا، وَ هَلَّلَ الْقَوْمُ وَ هَلَّلْنَا، وَ صَلَّى الْقَوْمُ وَ صَلَّيْنَا، فَعَلَامَ نُقَاتِلُهُمْ؟!
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Ibn Nubata who said,
‘We were paused with Amir Al-Momineen-asws on the day of the (battle of the) camel, and a man came and stood in front of him-asws and said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! The people are exclaiming Takbeer and we are exclaiming Takbeer, and the people are professing Oneness of Allah-azwj and we are professing the Oneness of Allah-azwj, and the people are praying Salat and we are praying Salat, so upon what are you-asws fighting them?’
فَقَالَ: عَلَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ: تِلْكَ الرُّسُلُ فَضَّلْنا بَعْضَهُمْ عَلى بَعْضٍ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَلَّمَ اللَّهُ وَ رَفَعَ بَعْضَهُمْ دَرَجاتٍ وَ آتَيْنا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ الْبَيِّناتِ وَ أَيَّدْناهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ وَ لَوْ شاءَ اللَّهُ مَا اقْتَتَلَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ فَنَحْنُ الَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّناتُ وَ لكِنِ اخْتَلَفُوا فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ آمَنَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَفَرَ وَ لَوْ شاءَ اللَّهُ مَا اقْتَتَلُوا وَ لكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَفْعَلُ ما يُرِيدُ فَنَحْنُ الَّذِينَ آمَنَّا وَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا،
He-asws said: ‘Upon this Verse: Those Rasools, We Merited some of them over the others – from them was one to whom Allah Spoke (with), and some of them He Raised their ranks. And We Gave Isa Ibn Maryam the Clear Proofs and Assisted him with the Holy Spirit; and had Allah so Desired, those (people) from after them (Rasools) would not have fought those from after them – so we are those from after them, from after the clear proofs had come to them. But, they differed, so from them was one who expressed belief, and from them was one who committed Kufr. And had Allah so Desired, they would not have fought, but Allah Does whatever He Wants to [2:253]. We are those who believe and they are those who committed Kufr’.
فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: كَفَرَ الْقَوْمُ وَ رَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ، ثُمَّ حَمَلَ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ.
The man said, ‘The people are committing Kufr, by Lord-azwj of the Kabah!’ Then he attacked and fought until he was killed, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him’’.[42]
41- شي: عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: مَا شَأْنُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حِينَ رُكِبَ مِنْهُ مَا رُكِبَ، لَمْ يُقَاتِلْ؟.
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al-Ayyashi’ – From Abu Ja’far-asws, (a narrator asked), ‘What was the matter Amir Al-Momineen-asws, when he-asws was overcome what he-asws was overcome with, he-asws did not fight?’
فَقَالَ: لِلَّذِي سَبَقَ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ، مَا كَانَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةُ رَهْطٍ، فَكَيْفَ يُقَاتِلُ؟ أَ لَمْ تَسْمَعْ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذا لَقِيتُمُ الَّذِينَكَفَرُوا … إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: .. وَ بِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ
He-asws said: ‘For those preceding in the Knowledge of Allah-azwj that they would come into being. It was not for Amir Al-Momineen-asws to fight and there weren’t with him-asws except a group of three, so how could he-asws have fought? Have you not heard the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: O you who believe! When you meet those who are committing Kufr marching for war, [8:15] – up to His-azwj Words: and the destination is evil [8:16].
فَكَيْفَ يُقَاتِلُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بَعْدَ هَذَا؟. وَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ مُؤْمِنٌ غَيْرُ ثَلَاثَةِ رَهْطٍ.
So, how could Amir Al-Momineen-asws have fought after this? And rather, on that day he-asws was such and there wasn’t any Momin with him-asws apart from a group of three’’.[43]
42- شي: عَنْ زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ! إِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ مَا مَنَعَ عَلِيّاً إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ حَقٌّ أَنْ يَقُومَ بِحَقِّهِ؟.
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Zayd Al Shaham who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! They are saying, ‘What prevented Ali-asws, if the right was for him-asws, that he-asws stands for his-asws right?’
فَقَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يُكَلِّفْ هَذَا أَحَداً إِلَّا نَبِيَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ السَّلَامُ، قَالَ لَهُ: فَقاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لا تُكَلَّفُ إِلَّا نَفْسَكَ، وَ قَالَ لِغَيْرِهِ: إِلَّا مُتَحَرِّفاً لِقِتالٍ أَوْ مُتَحَيِّزاً إِلى فِئَةٍ فَعَلِيٌّ لَمْ يَجِدْ فِئَةً، وَ لَوْ وَجَدَ فِئَةً لَقَاتَلَ،
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj did not Encumber anyone with this except His-azwj Prophet-saww. He-azwj Said to him-saww: So fight in the Way of Allah; it is not encumbered except on yourself, [4:84], and Said to others: except for a strategy of battle or retreating to a group [8:16]. Ali-asws did not find any group, and had he-asws found a group, he-asws would have fought’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: لَوْ كَانَ جَعْفَرٌ وَ حَمْزَةُ حَيَّيْنِ، إِنَّمَا بَقِيَ رَجُلَانِ.
Then he-asws said: ‘If Ja’far-asws, and Hamza-asws had been alive, but rather there remained two (weak) men (Aqeel and Abbas)’’.[44]
43- شي: عَنْ حُمْرَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ! زَعَمَ وُلْدُ الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّ الْقَائِمَ مِنْهُمْ وَ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْأَمْرِ، وَ يَزْعُمُ وُلْدُ ابْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ،
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al Ayyashi’ – From Humran,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! The sons of Al-Hassan-asws are claiming that Al-Qaim-asws is to be from them, and they are masters of the command, and the sons of Ibn Al-Hanafiyya are claiming similar to that’.
فَقَالَ: رَحِمَ اللَّهُ عَمِّيَ الْحَسَنَ (ع)، لَقَدْ عَمَدَ الْحَسَنُ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفَ سَيْفٍ حَتَّى أُصِيبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ أَسْلَمَهَا إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ، وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ سَيْفٍ قَاتِلَةٍ لَوْ حُظِرَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَظِيرَةٌ مَا خَرَجُوا مِنْهَا حَتَّى يَمُوتُوا جَمِيعاً،
He-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on my-asws uncle-asws Al-Hassan-asws. Al-Hassan-asws had deliberated (prepared) forty thousand swords until Amir Al-Momineen-asws was killed, and he-asws submitted these to Muawiya, and Muhammad (Al-Hanafiyya) son of Ali-asws, seventy thousand fighters, in case a danger presented to them. They did not come out from it until they all died.
وَ خَرَجَ الْحُسَيْنُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَعَرَضَ نَفْسَهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ فِي سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا، مَنْ أَحَقُّ بِدَمِهِ مِنَّا؟!، نَحْنُ وَ اللَّهِ أَصْحَابُ الْأَمْرِ وَ فِينَا الْقَائِمُ وَ مِنَّا السَّفَّاحُ وَ الْمَنْصُورُ، وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ: وَ مَنْ قُتِلَ مَظْلُوماً فَقَدْ جَعَلْنا لِوَلِيِّهِ سُلْطاناً نَحْنُ أَوْلِيَاءُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ وَ عَلَى دِينِهِ.
And Al-Husayn-asws went out and exposed himself-asws unto Allah-azwj among seventy men. Who is more rightful with his-asws blood than us-asws?! By Allah-azwj! We-asws are the Masters-asws of the command, and among us-asws is Al-Qaim-asws, and from us-asws are the fighters and the helped ones, and Allah-azwj has Said: and one who is killed unjustly, so We have Made an authority to be for his guardian [17:33]. We-asws guardians of Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws and are upon his-asws Religion’’.[45]
44- قب: كِتَابُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ السَّرَّاجِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي خَبَرٍ: مَنْ ظَلَمَ عَلِيّاً مَجْلِسِي هَذَا كَمَنْ جَحَدَ نُبُوَّتِي وَ نُبُوَّةَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلِي.
(The book) ‘Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Book of Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Al Sarraj,
‘From the Prophet-saww in a Hadeeth: ‘One who oppresses Ali-asws of this seat of mine-saww is like the one who rejected my-saww Prophet-hood and the Prophet-hoods of the ones who were before me-saww’’.
عِمْرَانُ بْنُ حُصَيْنٍ- فِي خَبَرٍ- أَنَّهُ عَادَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَلِيّاً فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! مَا عَلِيٌّ إِلَّا لِمَا بِهِ.
Imran Bin Husayn – in a Hadeeth, ‘The Prophet-saww consoled Ali-asws, so Umar said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Ali-asws is not except (ill) except due to what (deeds) he-asws is with’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ: لَا، وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ يَا عُمَرُ- لَا يَمُوتُ عَلِيٌّ حَتَّى يَمْلَأَ غَيْظاً، وَ يُوَسِّعَ غَدْراً وَ يُوجَدَ مِنْ بَعْدِي صَابِراً.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘No, by the One-azwj in Whose Hand is my-saww soul, O Umar! Ali-asws will not be dying until he-asws is filled with rage, and betrayed extensively, and will be found as patient from after me-saww’.
تَارِيخُ بَغْدَادَ وَ كِتَابُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الثَّقَفِيِ: رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الْكَرَابِيسِيُّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنَّ الْأُمَّةَ سَتَغْدِرُ بِكَ.
(The books) ‘Tareekh Baghdad’ and the book of Ibrahim Al Saqafi (Al Gharaat) – It is reported by Amro Bin al Waleed Al Karabisi, by his chain from Abu Idrees,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww made a pact to me-asws: ‘The community will be treacherous with you-asws’’.
وَ فِي حَدِيثِ سَلْمَانَ، قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لِعَلِيٍّ: إِنَّ الْأُمَّةَ سَتَغْدِرُ بِكَ، فَاصْبِرْ لِغَدْرِهَا.
In a Hadeeth of Salman-ra, ‘He-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘The community will be treacherous with you-asws, so be patient to its treachery’’.
الْحَارِثُ بْنُ الْحُصَيْنِ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: يَا عَلِيُّ! إِنَّكَ لَاقٍ بَعْدِي كَذَا .. وَ كَذَا.
Al-Haris Bin Al-Husayn, ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws will be facing after me-saww, such and such, and such and such’.
فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! إِنَّ السَّيْفَ لَذُو شَفْرَتَيْنِ وَ مَا أَنَا بِالْفَشِلِ وَ لَا الذَّلِيلِ. قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: فَاصْبِرْ يَا عَلِيُّ. قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: أَصْبِرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ.
He-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! The sword (Zulfiqar) is with two blades, and I-asws am not with failure nor the disgrace’. He-saww said: ‘Be patient, O Ali-asws!’ Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws shall be patient, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’’[46]
45- قب: ابْنُ شِيرَوَيْهِ فِي الْفِرْدَوْسِ، عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ صَيْفِيٍ، وَ رَوَى غَيْرُهُ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ قَالا: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: أَنَا أُقَاتِلُ عَلَى التَّنْزِيلِ وَ عَلِيٌّ يُقَاتِلُ عَلَى التَّأْوِيلِ.
(The book) ‘Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Ibn Sheyrawiya in (the book) ‘Al Firdows’, from Wahab Bin Sayfi, and it is reported by others from Zayd Bin Arqam who both said,
‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘I-saww am fighting upon the Revelation and Ali-asws would be fighting upon the interpretation’’.
وَ قِيلَ لِزَيْنِ الْعَابِدِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: إِنَّ جَدَّكَ كَانَ يَقُولُ: إِخْوَانُنَا بَغَوْا عَلَيْنَا.
And it was said to Zayn Al-Abideen-asws, ‘Your-asws grandfather-asws had said: ‘Our-asws brothers rebelled against us-asws’.
فَقَالَ: أَ مَا تَقْرَأُ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ: وَ إِلى عادٍ أَخاهُمْ هُوداً فَهُمْ مِثْلُهُمْ أَنْجَاهُ اللَّهُ وَ الَّذِينَ مَعَهُ وَ أَهْلَكَ عَاداً بِالرِّيحِ الْعَقِيمِ، وَ قَدْ ثَبَتَ أَنَّهُ نَزَلَ فِيهِ: يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَنْ يَرْتَدَّ مِنْكُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِ … الْآيَةَ.
He-asws said: ‘Have you not read the Book of Allah-azwj: And to Aad (We Sent) their brother Hud [7:65]? They were like them. Allah-azwj Rescued him-as and the ones with him-as, and Destroyed (people of) Aad with the wind ‘Al-Aqeem’, and it has been proven that it was Revealed regarding him-asws (Ali-asws): O you who believe! The one from you who reneges from his Religion, [5:54] – the Verse’’.
وَ فِي حَدِيثِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ، قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمُ الَّذِينَ نُقَاتِلُهُمْ، الدَّعْوَةُ وَاحِدَةٌ، وَ الرَّسُولُ وَاحِدٌ، وَ الصَّلَاةُ وَاحِدَةٌ، وَ الْحَجُّ وَاحِدٌ، فَبِمَ نُسَمِّيهِمْ؟.
And in a Hadeeth of Al-Asbagh Bin Nubata, ‘A man said to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, ‘These people whom we are fighting against, the call is one, and the Rasool-saww is one, and the Salat is one, and the Hajj is one, so by what should we be naming them?’
قَالَ: سَمِّهِمْ بِمَا سَمَّاهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: تِلْكَ الرُّسُلُ فَضَّلْنا بَعْضَهُمْ عَلى بَعْضٍ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَلَّمَ اللَّهُ وَ رَفَعَ بَعْضَهُمْ دَرَجاتٍ وَ آتَيْنا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ الْبَيِّناتِ وَ أَيَّدْناهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ وَ لَوْ شاءَ اللَّهُ مَا اقْتَتَلَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّناتُ وَ لكِنِ اخْتَلَفُوا فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ آمَنَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَفَرَ
He-asws said: ‘Name with what Allah-azwj has Named them with in His-azwj Book: Those Rasools, We Merited some of them over the others – from them was one to whom Allah Spoke (with), and some of them He Raised their ranks. And We Gave Isa Ibn Maryam the Clear Proofs and Assisted him with the Holy Spirit; and had Allah so Desired, those (people) from after them (Rasools) would not have fought after the clear proofs had come to them. But, they differed, so from them was one who expressed belief, and from them was one who committed Kufr. [2:253].
فَلَمَّا وَقَعَ الِاخْتِلَافُ كُنَّا نَحْنُ أَوْلَى بِاللَّهِ وَ بِالنَّبِيِّ وَ بِالْكِتَابِ وَ بِالْحَقِّ.
When the differing occurred, we were foremost with Allah-azwj, and with the Prophet-saww, and with the Book, and with the Truth’’.
الْبَاقِرَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَإِمَّا نَذْهَبَنَّ بِكَ فَإِنَّا مِنْهُمْ مُنْتَقِمُونَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ! مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَإِنَّا رَادُّوكَ مِنْهَا وَ مُنْتَقِمُونَ مِنْهُمْ بِعَلِيٍّ.
Al-Baqireen-asws (5th and 6th Imam-asws) regarding His-azwj Words: So if We were to Take you away, We would still Take Revenge from them [43:41]: O Muhammad-saww! From Makkah to Al-Medina, We-azwj shall Defend you-saww from it, and Take Revenge from them through Ali-asws’’.
ابْنُ جَرِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، وَ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ خَيْرٍ، وَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ أَنَّهُمْ رَوَوْا ذَلِكَ عَلَى اتِّفَاقٍ وَ اجْتِمَاعٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ خَطَبَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ فَقَالَ: لَأَقْتُلَنَّ الْعَمَالِقَةَ فِي كَتِيبَةٍ. فَقَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَوْ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ.
Ibn Jareeh, from Mujahid, from Ibn Abbas, and from Salama Bin Kuheyl, from Abdul Khayr, and from Jabir Bin Abdullah Al Ansari, they reported that upon the concordance and were united that,
‘The Prophet-saww addressed during the farewell Hajj saying: ‘I-asws shall fight the Amelikites in a battalion’. Jibraeel-as said to him-saww: ‘Oh Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws (would)’’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ جَابِرٍ وَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَلَا لَأُلْفِيَنَّكُمْ تَرْجِعُونَ بَعْدِي كُفَّاراً يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ، أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ لَتَعْرِفُنَّنِي فِي كَتِيبَةٍ فَأَضْرِبُ وُجُوهَكُمْ فِيهَا بِالسَّيْفِ
And in a report of Jabir and Ibn Abbas, ‘(Rasool-Allah-saww said): ‘Indeed! Thousands of you would be returning to be Kafirs after me-saww, striking each other’s necks. But, by Allah-azwj! If you do that, you will recognise me-saww among a battalion. I-saww shall strike your faces with the sword in it.
فَكَأَنَّهُ غُمِزَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ فَالْتَفَتَ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا فَقَالَ: أَوْ عَلِيٌّ، فَنَزَلَ: فَإِمَّا نَذْهَبَنَّ بِكَ فَإِنَّا مِنْهُمْ مُنْتَقِمُونَ بِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ،
It was as if he-saww was pressed with from behind, so he-saww turned, then he-saww faced towards us and said: ‘Or Ali-asws (would)’. It was Revealed: So if We were to Take you away, We would still Take Revenge from them [43:41] by Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws.
ثُمَّ نَزَلَ: قُلْ رَبِّ إِمَّا تُرِيَنِّي ما يُوعَدُونَ .. إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: هِيَ أَحْسَنُ،
Then it was Revealed: Say: ‘Lord! If You Show me what they are being threatened with [23:93] – up to His-azwj Words: Repel the evil by that which is best. [23:96].
ثُمَّ نَزَلَ: فَاسْتَمْسِكْ بِالَّذِي أُوحِيَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ أَمْرِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِنَّكَ عَلى صِراطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ، وَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَعَلَمُ السَّاعَةِ لَكَ وَ لِقَوْمِكَ وَ سَوْفَ تُسْأَلُونَ عَنْ مَحَبَّةِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ.
Then it was Revealed: Therefore adhere with that which is Revealed unto you, [43:43], from the matter of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws: surely you are upon a Straight Path [43:43]. And Ali-asws has the knowledge of the Hour for you and for your people, and soon you will be questioned about the love of Ali-asws’’.
أَبُو حَرْبِ بْنِ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ الدُّؤَلِيِّ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ: فَإِمَّا نَذْهَبَنَّ بِكَ فَإِنَّا مِنْهُمْ مُنْتَقِمُونَ قَالَ: أَوْ بِعَلِيِ ابْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: بِذَلِكَ حَدَّثَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ.
Abu Harb Bin Abu Al Aswad Al Dowly, from Umar Bin Al Khattab,
‘From the Prophet-saww having said, when it was Revealed: So if We were to Take you away, We would still Take Revenge from them [43:41], he-saww said: ‘Or by Ali Ibn Abu Talib-asws’. Then he-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as narrated to me-saww with that’’. [47]
46- فض: الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَدَنِيُّ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَكْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ، عَنِ الْكَلْبِيِّ، عَنْ مَيْمُونِ بْنِ مُصْعَبٍ الْمَكِّيِ بِمَكَّةَ قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ سَابُورَ الْمَكِّيِّ فَأَجْرَيْنَا حَدِيثَ أَهْلِ الرِّدَّةِ، فَذَكَرْنَا خَوْلَةَ الْحَنَفِيَّةَ وَ نِكَاحَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَهَا
(The book) ‘Al Fazail’ of Abu Al Fazl Shazan – Al Husayn Bin Ahmad Al Mudany, from Al Husayn Bin Abdullah Al Bakry, from Abdullah Bin Hisham, from Al Kalby, from Maymoun Bin Mus’ab Al Makky at Makkah, who said,
‘We were in the presence of Abu Al-Abbas Bin Sabour Al-Makky and he informed us a Hadeeth of the people of apostasy. We mentioned Khowla Al-Hanafiyya and the marriage of Amir Al-Momineen-asws to her.
فَقَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْخَيْرِ الْحُسَيْنِيُ، قَالَ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ الْبَاقِرَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ- قَالَ-: كَانَ جَالِساً ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِذْ جَاءَهُ رَجُلَانِ، فَقَالا: يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ! أَ لَسْتَ الْقَائِلَ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمْ يَرْضَ بِإِمَامَةِ مَنْ تَقَدَّمَهُ؟. فَقَالَ: بَلَى.
He said, ‘Abdullah Bin Al-Khayr Al-Husayni informed me saying, ‘It has reached me that Al-Baqir Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘One day were seated when two men came to him-asws and they said, ‘O Abu Ja’far-asws! Aren’t you-asws the speaker that Amir Al-Momineen-asws did not agree with the Imamate of the ones who preceded him-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’.
فَقَالا لَهُ: هَذِهِ خَوْلَةُ الْحَنَفِيَّةُ نَكَحَهَا مِنْ سَبْيِهِمْ وَ لَمْ يُخَالِفْهُمْ عَلَى أَمْرِهِمْ مُذْ حَيَاتِهِمْ؟!.
He said to him-asws, ‘This Khowla Al-Hanafiyya, he-asws married her from their captives and did not oppose them upon their matter during their lifetime?!’
فَقَالَ الْبَاقِرُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: مَنْ فِيكُمْ يَأْتِينِي بِجَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؟- وَ كَانَ مَحْجُوباً قَدْ كُفَّ بَصَرُهُ فَحَضَرَ وَ سَلَّمَ عَلَى الْبَاقِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَجْلَسَهُ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ،
Al-Baqir-asws said: ‘Whom from you can come to me-asws with Jabir Bin Abdullah?’ And he was veiled, his sight had been blinded. He presented and greeted unto Baqir-asws. He-asws returned (the greeting) unto him, and seated him to his-asws side.
فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا جَابِرُ! عِنْدِي رَجُلَانِ ذَكَرَا أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَضِيَ بِإِمَامَةِ مَنْ تَقَدَّمَ عَلَيْهِ، فَاسْأَلْهُمَا مَا الْحُجَّةُ فِي ذَلِكَ؟
He-asws said to him: ‘O Jabir! There are two men in my-asws presence mentioning that Amir Al-Momineen-asws was pleased with the Imamate of the ones who had preceded over him-asws. Ask them, what is the proof regarding that?’
فَسَأَلَهُمَا فَذَكَرَا لَهُ حَدِيثَ خَوْلَةَ، فَبَكَى جَابِرٌ حَتَّى اخْضَلَّتْ لِحْيَتُهُ بِالدُّمُوعِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَ اللَّهِ- يَا مَوْلَايَ- لَقَدْ خَشِيتُ أَنْ أَخْرُجَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ لَا أُسْأَلُ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ، وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ جَالِساً إِلَى جَنْبِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ- وَ قَدْ سَبَى بَنِي حَنِيفَةَ مَعَ مَالِكِ بْنِ نُوَيْرَةَ مِنْ قِبَلِ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ- وَ بَيْنَهُمْ جَارِيَةٌ مُرَاهِقَةٌ-
He asked them, and they mentioned the Hadeeth of Khowla to him. Jabir wept until his beard was dampened by the tears, then said, ‘By Allah-azwj, O my Master-asws! I had feared exiting from the world and not be asked about this issue. By Allah-azwj! I was seated to the side of Abu Bakr, and he had captured the clan of Haneefa with Malik Bin Nuweyra from the direction of Khalid Bin Al-Waleed, and between them was an adolescent girl.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتِ الْمَسْجِدَ قَالَتْ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! مَا فَعَلَ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ؟ قَالُوا: قُبِضَ. قَالَتْ: هَلْ لَهُ بِنْيَةٌ فَقَصَدَهَا؟ قَالُوا: نَعَمْ هَذِهِ تُرْبَتُهُ وَ بِنْيَتُهُ.
When she entered the Masjid, she said, ‘O you people! What happened to Muhammad-saww?’ They said, ‘He-saww passed away’. She said, ‘Is there any structure for him-saww I can aim for?’ They said, ‘Yes, this here is his-asws soil and his-saww structure’.
فَنَادَتْ وَ قَالَتْ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ- أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ تَسْمَعُ صَوْتِي وَ تَقْدِرُ عَلَى رَدِّ جَوَابِي، وَ إِنَّنَا سُبِينَا مِنْ بَعْدِكَ، وَ نَحْنُ نَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّكَ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ..
She called out and said, ‘The greetings be unto you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww! I testify that you-saww are listening to my voice and are able upon responding my answer, and we have been made captives after you-saww, and (although) we testified that there is no god except Allah-azwj and you-saww Muhammad-saww are Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj!’
ثُمَّ جَلَسَتْ فَوَثَبَ إِلَيْهَا رَجُلَانِ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ أَحَدُهُمَا طَلْحَةُ وَ الْآخَرُ الزُّبَيْرُ وَ طَرَحَا عَلَيْهَا ثَوْبَيْهِمَا. فَقَالَتْ: مَا بَالُكُمْ- يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْأَعْرَابِ- تُغَيِّبُونَ حَلَائِلَكُمْ وَ تَهْتِكُونَ حَلَائِلَ غَيْرِكُمْ؟.
Then she sat down, and two men from the Emigrants leapt to her – one of them was Talha and the other, Al-Zubeyr, and they dropped their cloth upon her (to claim her). She said, ‘What is the matter with you, O community of the Bedouins? Your Permissible women are absent and you are violating the Permissible women of others?’
فَقِيلَ لَهَا: لِأَنَّكُمْ قُلْتُمْ لَا نُصَلِّي وَ لَا نَصُومُ وَ لَا نُزَكِّي؟ فَقَالَ لَهَا الرَّجُلَانِ اللَّذَانِ طَرَحَا ثَوْبَيْهِمَا: إِنَّا لَغَالُونَ فِي ثَمَنِكِ.
It was said to her, ‘Because you are saying, ‘We will neither pray Salat, nor Fast, nor give Zakat’?’ The two men – those who had dropped their cloth upon her, said to her, ‘We will inflate regarding your price’.
فَقَالَتْ: أَقْسَمْتُ بِاللَّهِ وَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِنَّهُ لَا يَمْلِكُنِي وَ يَأْخُذُ رَقَبَتِي إِلَّا مَنْ يُخْبِرُنِي بِمَا رَأَتْ أُمِّي وَ هِيَ حَامِلَةٌ بِي؟ وَ أَيُ شَيْءٍ قَالَتْ لِي عِنْدَ وِلَادَتِي؟ وَ مَا الْعَلَامَةُ الَّتِي بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهَا؟ وَ إِلَّا بَقَرْتُ بَطْنِي بِيَدِي فَيَذْهَبَ ثَمَنِي وَ يُطَالَبَ بِدَمِي. فَقَالُوا لَهَا: اذْكُرِي رُؤْيَاكِ حَتَّى نُعَبِّرَهَا لَكِ.
She said, ‘I swear by Allah-azwj and by Muhammad-saww Rasool-Allah-saww, no one will own me and seize my neck except one who informs me with what my mother saw while she was pregnant with me? And which thing she said to me at my birth. And what is the sign which is between me and her? Or else I shall slit my belly with my own hands and price would be gone, and my blood would be sought’.
فَقَالَتْ: الَّذِي يَمْلِكُنِي هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالرُّؤْيَا مِنِّي؟ .. فَأَخَذَ طَلْحَةُ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ ثَوْبَيْهِمَا وَ جَلَسُوا، فَدَخَلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ قَالَ: مَا هَذَا الرَّجْفُ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ؟ فَقَالُوا: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ امْرَأَةٌ حَنَفِيَّةٌ حَرَّمَتْ ثَمَنَهَا عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ قَالَتْ: مَنْ أَخْبَرَنِي بِالرُّؤْيَا الَّتِي رَأَتْ أُمِّي وَ هِيَ حَامِلَةٌ بِي يَمْلِكُنِي.
She said, ‘The one who will own me, he is more knowing with the dream than I am’. Talha and Al-Zubeyr grabbed their two cloths and sat down. Amir Al-Momineen-asws entered and said: ‘What is this disturbance in the Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww?’ They said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! A Hanafiite woman has prohibited her price unto the Muslims and she says, ‘One who informs me with the dream which my mother saw while she was pregnant with me, can own me’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: مَا ادَّعَتْ بَاطِلًا، أَخْبِرُوهَا تَمْلِكُوهَا. فَقَالُوا: يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ! مَا مِنَّا مَنْ يَعْلَمُ، أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ ابْنَ عَمِّكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَدْ قُبِضَ وَ أَخْبَارُ السَّمَاءِ قَدِ انْقَطَعَتْ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ.
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Her claim is not false. Inform her, you can own her’. They said, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! There is no one from us who knows. Don’t you know that the son-saww of your-asws uncle-as Rasool-Allah-saww has passed away and the news of the sky have been terminated from after him-saww’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أُخْبِرُهَا بِغَيْرِ اعْتِرَاضٍ مِنْكُمْ؟ قَالُوا: نَعَمْ.
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Can I-asws inform her without any objections from you?’ They said, ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: يَا حَنَفِيَّةُ! أُخْبِرُكِ وَ أَمْلِكُكِ؟ فَقَالَتْ: مَنْ أَنْتَ أَيُّهَا الْمُجْتَرِي دُونَ أَصْحَابِهِ؟ فَقَالَ: أَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. فَقَالَتْ: لَعَلَّكَ الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي نَصَبَهُ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي صَبِيحَةِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ بِغَدِيرِ خُمٍّ عَلَماً لِلنَّاسِ؟. فَقَالَ: أَنَا ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ.
He-asws said: ‘O Hanafiite! Can I-asws inform you and own you?’ She said, ‘Who are you-asws, O you daring one, besides his companions?’ He-asws said: ‘I-asws am Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. She said, ‘Perhaps you-asws are the man whom Rasool-Allah-saww nominated for us-asws among companions on the day of Friday at Ghadeer Khum, as a flag for the people?’ He-asws said: ‘I-asws am that man’.
قَالَتْ: مِنْ أَجْلِكَ نُهِبْنَا، وَ مِنْ نَحْوِكَ أُتِينَا، لِأَنَّ رِجَالَنَا قَالُوا لَا نُسَلِّمُ صَدَقَاتِ أَمْوَالِنَا وَ لَا طَاعَةَ نُفُوسِنَا إِلَّا لِمَنْ نَصَبَهُ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِينَا وَ فِيكُمْ عَلَماً.
She said, ‘From your (Muslims) reason we were looted, and from your direction were come to, because our men said, ‘We will not submit the charities of our wealth, nor be obedient except to the one whom Muhammad-saww nominated among us and among you as a flag’.
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: إِنَّ أَجْرَكُمْ غَيْرُ ضَائِعٍ، وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُوَفِّي كُلَّ نَفْسٍ مَا عَمِلَتْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ.
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Your Recompense will not be wasted, and Allah-azwj will Fulfil every soul of what it had done of the good deeds’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا حَنَفِيَّةُ! أَ لَمْ تَحْمِلْ بِكِ أُمُّكِ فِي زَمَانٍ قَحْطٍ قَدْ مَنَعَتِ السَّمَاءُ قَطْرَهَا، وَ الْأَرَضُونَ نَبَاتَهَا، وَ غَارَتِ الْعُيُونُ وَ الْأَنْهَارُ حَتَّى أَنَّ الْبَهَائِمَ كَانَتْ تَرِدُ الْمَرْعَى فَلَا تَجِدُ شَيْئاً، وَ كَانَتْ أُمُّكِ تَقُولُ لَكِ إِنَّكِ حَمْلٌ مَشُومٌ فِي زَمَانٍ غَيْرِ مُبَارَكٍ،
Then he-asws said: ‘O Hanafiite! Didn’t your mother bear you during a time of drought, the sky had prevented its drops, and the earth of its vegetations, and the springs and the rivers had dried up until the animals were in want of the pastures, but they could not find anything, and your mother said to you, ‘You are an inauspicious bearing in a time of no Blessings’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ تِسْعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ رَأَتْ فِي مَنَامِهَا كَأَنْ قَدْ وَضَعَتْ بِكِ، وَ أَنَّهَا تَقُولُ: إِنَّكِ حَمْلٌ مَشُومٌ فِي زَمَانٍ غَيْرِ مُبَارَكٍ، وَ كَأَنَّكِ تَقُولِينَ: يَا أُمِّي لَا تَتَطَيَّرِنَّ بِي فَإِنِّي حَمْلٌ مُبَارَكٌ أَنْشَأُ مَنْشَأً مُبَارَكاً صَالِحاً، وَ يَمْلِكُنِي سَيِّدٌ، وَ أُرْزَقُ مِنْهُ وَلَداً يَكُونُ لِلْحَنَفِيَّةِ عِزّاً،
When it was after nine months, she was in her dream as if she had given you birth and she was saying, ‘You were an inauspicious bearing in a time without Blessings’, and it is as if you were saying, ‘O my mother! Do not feel an evil omen with me, for I am a Blessed bearing. I shall grow a Blessed growth, righteous, and a chief would possess me, and I shall be Blessed with a son from him who would become an honour for the Hanafiites’.
فَقَالَتْ: صَدَقْتَ. فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: إِنَّهُ كَذَلِكِ وَ بِهِ أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ عَمِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ. فَقَالَتْ: مَا الْعَلَامَةُ الَّتِي بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ أُمِّي؟. فَقَالَ لَهَا: لَمَّا وَضَعَتْكِ كَتَبَتْ كَلَامَكِ وَ الرُّؤْيَا فِي لَوْحٍ مِنْ نُحَاسٍ وَ أَوْدَعَتْهُ عَتَبَةَ الْبَابِ،
She said, ‘You-asws speak the truth’. He-asws said: ‘It is like that, and the son-saww of my-asws uncle-as Rasool-Allah-saww informed me-asws with it’. She said, ‘What is the sign which is between me and my mother?’ He-asws said to her: ‘When she placed you, your speech and the dream were written down in a tablet of brass and deposited at the threshold of the door.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ حَوْلَيْنِ عَرَضَتْهُ عَلَيْكِ فَأَقْرَرْتِ بِهِ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ سِتِّ سِنِينَ عَرَضَتْهُ عَلَيْكِ فَأَقْرَرْتِ بِهِ، ثُمَّ جَمَعَتْ بَيْنَكِ وَ بَيْنَ اللَّوْحِ وَ قَالَتْ لَكِ: يَا بُنَيَّةِ إِذَا نَزَلَ بِسَاحَتِكُمْ سَافِكٌ لِدِمَائِكُمْ، وَ نَاهِبٌ لِأَمْوَالِكُمْ، وَ سَابٌّ لِذَرَارِيِّكُمْ، وَ سُبِيتِ فِيمَنْ سُبِيَ، فَخُذِي اللَّوْحَ مَعَكِ وَ اجْتَهِدِي أَنْ لَا يَمْلِكَكِ مِنَ الْجَمَاعَةِ إِلَّا مَنْ عَبَّرَكِ بِالرُّؤْيَا وَ بِمَا فِي هَذَا اللَّوْحِ.
When it was two years, she displayed it to you and you acknowledged with it. When it was after six years, she presented it to you and you acknowledged with it. Then she gathered between you and the tablet and she said to you, ‘O daughter! When it befalls with you the spilling of your blood, and plunder of your wealth, and captivity of your offspring, and you get captured among the ones captured, then take the tablet with you and strive that no one from the community speaks to you except one who informed you with the dream and with what is in this tablet’.
فَقَالَتْ: صَدَقْتَ … يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (ع)، ثُمَّ قَالَتْ: فَأَيْنَ هَذَا اللَّوْحُ؟ فَقَالَ: هُوَ فِي عَقِيصَتِكِ، فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ دَفَعَتِ اللَّوْحَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَمَلَكَهَا وَ اللَّهِ يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ بِمَا ظَهَرَ مِنْ حُجَّتِهِ وَ ثَبَتَ مِنْ بَيِّنَتِهِ، فَلَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنِ اتَّضَحَ لَهُ الْحَقُّ ثُمَّ جَحَدَ حَقَّهُ وَ فَضْلَهُ، وَ جَعَلَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الْحَقِّ سِتْراً.
She said, ‘You-asws speak the truth, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws!’ Then she said, ‘So where is this tablet?’ He-asws said: ‘It is in your basket’. At that, she handed over the tablet to Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. Thus, he-asws possessed her, by Allah-azwj, O Abu Ja’far-asws, due to what was manifested from his-asws argument and proven from his-asws proofs. May Allah-azwj Curse the one to whom the truth is clarified, then (still) rejects his-asws right and his-asws merits, and makes a veil to be between him and the truth’’.[48]
47- يل، فض: بِالْإِسْنَادِ .. يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: مَا حَسَدْتُ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِشَيْءٍ مِمَّا سَبَقَ مِنْ سَوَابِقِهِ بِأَفْضَلَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ: يَا مَعَاشِرَ قُرَيْشٍ! أَنْتُمْ كَفَرْتُمْ فَرَأَيْتُمُونِي فِي كَتِيبَةٍ أَضْرِبُ بِهَا وُجُوهَكُمْ،
(The book) ‘Al Rowza’ of Shazan Bin Jibraeel, raising it to Ibn Abbas who said,
‘I did not envy Ali-asws with anything from what he-asws had preceded from his-asws precedence with superiority than something I heard from Rasool-Allah-saww and he-saww said: ‘O community of Quraysh! You will be committing Kufr and you will be seeing me-saww in a battalion striking your faces with it’.
فَأَتَى جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَغَمَزَهُ وَ قَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ! قُلْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَوْ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَوْ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ.
Jibraeel-as came and pressed him-saww and said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Say, ‘If Allah-azwj so Desires, or (it would be) Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. Muhammad-saww said: ‘If Allah-azwj so Desired, or (it would be) Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[49]
48- يل، فض: بِالْإِسْنَادِ .. يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ الدُّؤَلِيِ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ: فَإِمَّا نَذْهَبَنَّ بِكَ فَإِنَّا مِنْهُمْ مُنْتَقِمُونَ بِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، بِذَلِكَ أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ.
(The book) ‘Al Rowza’ of Shazan Bin Jibraeel, by the chain, raising it to Al Aswad Al Dowly, from his uncle,
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘This Verse was Revealed: So if We were to Take you away, We would still Take Revenge from them [43:41] by Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. Jibraeel-as informed me-saww with that’’.[50]
49- يل، فض: بِالْإِسْنَادِ .. يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى سَلْمَانَ الْفَارِسِيِّ وَ الْمِقْدَادِ وَ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالُوا: إِنَّ رَجُلًا فَاخَرَ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: يَا عَلِيُّ! فَاخِرْ أَهْلَ الشَّرْقِ وَ الْغَرْبِ وَ الْعَرَبَ وَ الْعَجَمَ فَأَنْتَ أَقْرَبُهُمْ نَسَباً، وَ ابْنُ عَمِّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ،
(The book) ‘Al Rowza’ of Shazan Bin Jibraeel, by the chain, raising it to,
‘Salman Al-Farsi-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra said, ‘A man prided over Ali-asws, so Rasool-Allah-saww said to him-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! The people of the east and the west, and the Arabs and the non-Arabs cane pride (all they want), you-asws the closes of them in lineage, and (so is) son-saww of your-asws uncle-as Rasool-Allah-azwj.
وَ أَكْرَمُهُمْ نَفْساً، وَ أَعْلَاهُمْ رِفْعَةً، وَ أَكْرَمُهُمْ وَلَداً، وَ أَكْرَمُهُمْ أَخاً، وَ أَكْرَمُهُمْ عَمّاً، وَ أَعْظَمُهُمْ حِلْماً، وَ أَقْدَمُهُمْ سِلْماً، وَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ عِلْماً، وَ أَعْظَمُهُمْ عِزّاً فِي نَفْسِكَ وَ مَالِكَ،
And (you-asws are) their most honourable of self, and loftiest of them in highness, and most honourable of them of birth, and more honourable of them of brother-hood, and most honourable of them of an uncle-saww, and greatest of them in forbearance, and most advanced of them in submission, and most immense of them in knowledge, and the greatest of them in honour regarding yourself-asws and your-asws wealth.
وَ أَنْتَ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَعْلَاهُمْ نَسَباً، وَ أَشْجَعُهُمْ قَلْباً فِي لِقَاءِ الْحَرْبِ، وَ أَجْوَدُهُمْ كَفّاً، وَ أَزْهَدُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَ أَشَدُّهُمْ جِهَاداً، وَ أَحْسَنُهُمْ خُلُقاً، وَ أَصْدَقُهُمْ لِسَاناً، وَ أَحَبُّهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ إِلَيَّ،
And you-asws are the most well-read of the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and highest of them in lineages, and braves of them of heart in clashes of the war, and most generous of them in palm, and most ascetic of them in the world, and most intense of them in Jihad, and best of them in morals, and most truthful of them in tongue, and most beloved of them to Allah-azwj and to me-saww.
وَ سَتَبْقَى بَعْدِي ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً تَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ وَ تَصْبِرُ عَلَى ظُلْمِ قُرَيْشٍ لَكَ، ثُمَّ تُجَاهِدُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِذَا وَجَدْتَ أَعْوَاناً تُقَاتِلُ عَلَى تَأْوِيلِ الْقُرْآنِ كَمَا قَاتَلْتُ عَلَى تَنْزِيلِهِ
And you-asws shall remain after me-saww for thirty years, worshipping Allah-azwj and being patient upon the injustices of Quraysh towards you-asws. Then you-asws will fight in the Way of Allah-azwj when you-asws do find supporters. You-asws will fight upon the interpretation of the Quran just as I-saww have fought upon its Revelation.
ثُمَّ تُقْتَلُ شَهِيداً تُخْضَبُ لِحْيَتُكَ مِنْ دَمِ رَأْسِكَ، قَاتِلُكَ يَعْدِلُ قَاتِلَ نَاقَةِ صَالِحٍ فِي الْبَغْضَاءِ لِلَّهِ وَ الْبُعْدِ مِنَ اللَّهِ.
Then you-asws will be killed as a martyr, your-asws beard would be dyed from the blood of your-asws head, and that would equate your-asws killer with the killer of the she-camel of Salih-as in hatred to Allah-azwj and the remoteness from Allah-azwj.
يَا عَلِيُّ! إِنَّكَ مِنْ بَعْدِي مَغْلُوبٌ مَغْصُوبٌ تَصْبِرُ عَلَى الْأَذَى فِي اللَّهِ وَ فِيَّ مُحْتَسِباً أَجْرُكَ غَيْرُ ضَائِعٍ، فَجَزَاكَ اللَّهُ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ خَيْراً.
O Ali-asws! You-asws would be overcome from after me-saww, usurped. You-asws will come upon the harm regarding Allah-azwj and in anticipation of your-asws Recompensing not to be wasted. May Allah-azwj Recompense you-asws goodly on behalf of Al-Islam’’.[51]
50- فر: الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُصْعَبٍ- مُعَنْعَناً- عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ فِي حَيَاةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: أَ فَإِنْ ماتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلى أَعْقابِكُمْ..،
(The book) ‘Tafseer Furaat’ – Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Mus’ab, transmitting from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws said during the lifetime of the Prophet-saww: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Says in His-azwj Book: so if he dies or is killed will you turn back upon your heels? [3:144].
وَ اللَّهِ لَا نَنْقَلِبُ عَلَى أَعْقَابِنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَانَا اللَّهُ، وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ مَاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ لَأُقَاتِلَنَّ عَلَى مَا قَاتَلَ عَلَيْهِ، وَ مَنْ أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنِّي وَ أَنَا أَخُوهُ وَ وَارِثُهُ وَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ.
By Allah-azwj! We will not turn back upon our heels after when Allah-azwj has Guided us. By Allah-azwj! If he-saww were to die or is killed, I-asws will keep fighting upon what he-saww had fought upon, and who is more foremost with it than me-asws, and I-asws am his-saww brother-asws, and his-saww inheritor, and son-asws of his-saww uncle-as?’’[52]
51- فر: جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَزَارِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ قَالَ: أَرَدْتُ زِيَارَةَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَلَمَّا صِرْنَا فِي الطَّرِيقِ إِذَا شَيْخٌ قَدْ عَارَضَنَا عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابٌ حِسَانٌ. فَقَالَ: لِمَ لَمْ يُقَاتِلْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ .. فُلَاناً وَ فُلَاناً؟
(The book) ‘Tafseer Furat’ – Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Fazari, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Umar, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Mihran who said,
‘I wanted to visit Abu Abdullah Al-Husayn-asws along with Abu Abdullah-asws. When we came to be in the road, there was an old man presenting to us having beautiful clothes upon him. He said, ‘Why didn’t Amir Al-Momineen-asws not fight so and so and so and so (Abu Bakr and Umar)?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: لِمَكَانِ آيَةٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: وَ مَا هِيَ؟ قَالَ: قَوْلُهُ: لَوْ تَزَيَّلُوا لَعَذَّبْنَا … الْآيَةَ
He-asws said to him: ‘Due to the location of a Verse in the Book of Allah-azwj’. He said, ‘And what is it?’ He-asws said: ‘His-azwj words: If they had been apart, We would have Punished [48:25] – the Verse.
كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ فِي أَصْلَابِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ قَوْماً مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَقْتُلْهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَسْبِهِمْ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ الْتَفَتُّ فَلَمْ أَرَ أَحَداً.
Amir Al-Momineen-asws had known that in the lineages of the hypocrites there would be a people from the Momineen, so at that, he-asws did not fight them and did not revile them’. Then he turned around (and left), and I did not see anyone’’.[53]
52- فر: عُبَيْدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: يَا عَلِيُّ! كَيْفَ أَنْتَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ أَزْهَدَ النَّاسِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ، وَ رَغِبُوا فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَ أَكَلُوا التُّراثَ أَكْلًا لَمًّا، وَ أَحَبُّوا الْمالَ حُبًّا جَمًّا وَ اتَّخَذُوا دِينَ اللَّهِ دَغَلًا، وَ مَالَ اللَّهِ دُوَلًا؟
(The book) ‘Tafseer Furat’ Al Kufi – Ubey Bin Kaseer, transmitting,
‘From Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! How will you-asws be when you-asws see the most ascetic of the people in the Hereafter while they are being desirous in the world and are devouring the inheritances, devouring indiscriminately [89:19], and loving the wealth, (with) excessive love [89:20], and taking the Religion of Allah-azwj for corruption, and wealth of Allah-azwj as a government?’
قَالَ: قُلْتُ: أَتْرُكُهُمْ وَ مَا اخْتَارُوا، وَ أَخْتَارُ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ الدَّارَ الْآخِرَةَ وَ أَصْبِرُ عَلَى مَصَائِبِ الدُّنْيَا وَ لأواتها [لَأْوَائِهَا] حَتَّى أَلْقَاكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
He-asws said: ‘I-asws said: ‘I-asws shall leave them and what they have chosen and I-asws shall choose Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the House of the Hereafter, and I-asws shall be patient upon the difficulties of the world and its afflictions, until I-asws meet you-saww, if Allah-azwj so Desires’.
قَالَ: فَقَالَ: هُدِيتَ، اللَّهُمَّ افْعَلْ بِهِ ذَلِكَ.
He-asws said: ‘So, he-saww said: ‘You-asws are guided. O Allah-azwj! Do that with him-asws’’.[54]
53- وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ نَزَلَتِ الْآيَةُ: يا أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ.. فِي أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ.
(The book) ‘Tafseer Furat Al-Kufi’ ‘And Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘This Verse: O you the contented soul! [89:27], was Revealed regarding Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[55]
54- نهج: مِنْ خُطْبَةٍ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: وَ لَعَمْرِي مَا عَلَيَّ مِنْ قِتَالِ مَنْ خَالَفَ الْحَقَّ، وَ خَابَطَ الْغَيَّ مِنْ إِدْهَانٍ وَ لَا إِيهَانٍ، فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ وَ فِرُّوا إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ امْضُوا فِي الَّذِي نَهَجَهُ لَكُمْ وَ قُومُوا بِمَا عَصَبَهُ بِكُمْ، فَعَلِيٌّ ضَامِنٌ لِفَلْجِكُمْ آجِلًا إِنْ لَمْ تُمْنَحُوهُ عَاجِلًا.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – From a sermon of his-asws: ‘By my-asws life! It is not upon me-asws to fight (every) one who opposes the truth, and one falling into error, neither insulter nor misguider! Therefore, fear Allah-azwj, servants of Allah-azwj and submit towards Allah-azwj, from Allah-azwj, and pass in that which He-azwj has Programmed for you all, and stand with what He-azwj has Laid down for you, and Ali-asws is a guarantor for your salvation in the future if you are not rescued currently’’.[56]
55- كِتَابُ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْهِلَالِيِ: قَالَ: كُنَّا جُلُوساً حَوْلَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ حَوْلَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَائِلٌ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! لَوِ اسْتَنْفَرْتَ النَّاسَ؟. فَقَامَ وَ خَطَبَ
The book of Suleym Bin Qays Al Hilali –
‘He (Suleym) said, ‘We were seated around Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and around him-asws was a group of his-asws companions. A speaker said to him-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! If only you-asws had mobilised the people (for Jihad)?’ So, he-asws stood up and addressed.
فَقَالَ: أَمَا إِنِّي قَدِ اسْتَنْفَرْتُكُمْ فَلَمْ تَنْفِرُوا، وَ دَعَوْتُكُمْ فَلَمْ تَسْمَعُوا، فَأَنْتُمْ شُهُودٌ كَغُيَّابٍ، وَ أَحْيَاءٌ كَأَمْوَاتٍ، وَ صُمٌّ ذَوُو أَسْمَاعٍ، أَتْلُو عَلَيْكُمُ الْحِكْمَةَ وَ أَعِظُكُمْ بِالْمَوْعِظَةِ الشَّافِيَةِ الْكَافِيَةِ، وَ أَحُثُّكُمْ عَلَى جِهَادِ أَهْلِ الْجَوْرِ،
He-asws said: ‘But, I-asws had mobilised you all but you were not mobilised. You are present (here) like the absentees, and living like the dead, and deaf (despite) being with ears. I-asws recite the wisdom to you, and I-asws advise you with the healing, the sufficient advice, and I-asws urge you upon the Jihad against the people of tyranny.
فَمَا آتِي عَلَى آخِرِ كَلَامِي حَتَّى أَرَاكُمْ مُتَفَرِّقِينَ حَلَقاً شَتَّى تَتَنَاشَدُونَ الْأَشْعَارَ، وَ تَضْرِبُونَ الْأَمْثَالَ، وَ تَسْأَلُونَ عَنْ سِعْرِ التَّمْرِ وَ اللَّبَنِ،
But, I-asws do not get to the end of my-asws speech until I-asws see you sitting in various circles prosing the poems, and striking the examples, and asking each other about the price of dates and milk.
تَبَّتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ! لَقَدْ دَعَوْتُكُمْ إِلَى الْحَرْبِ وَ الِاسْتِعْدَادِ لَهَا وَ أَصْبَحَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ فَارِغَةً مِنْ ذِكْرِهَا، شَغَلْتُمُوهَا بِالْأَبَاطِيلِ وَ الْأَضَالِيلِ، اغْزُوهُمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْزُوكُمْ، فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا غُزِيَ قَوْمٌ قَطُّ فِي عُقْرِ دَارِهِمْ إِلَّا ذَلُّوا، وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ مَا أَظُنُّ أَنْ تَفْعَلُوا حَتَّى يَفْعَلُوا،
May your hands break! I-asws had called you all to the war and to be prepared for it, and in the morning your hearts were free from its mention. You pre-occupied these with the falsities and the vanities. Battle them, before they battle you! By Allah-azwj! No people at all have been attacked in their houses except they were humiliated, and I-asws swear by Allah-azwj! I-asws do not think that you will be doing it until you (actually) do it.
ثُمَّ وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُهُمْ فَلَقِيتُ اللَّهَ عَلَى بَصِيرَتِي وَ يَقِينِي، وَ اسْتَرَحْتُ مِنْ مُقَاسَاتِكُمْ وَ مُمَارَسَتِكُمْ، فَمَا أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا كَإِبِلٍ جَمَّةٍ ضَلَّ رَاعِيهَا، فَكُلَّمَا ضُمَّتْ مِنْ جَانِبٍ انْتَشَرَتْ مِنْ جَانِبٍ،
Then I-asws loved it if I-asws could have seen them, so I-asws would met Allah-azwj being upon my-asws insight and my-asws conviction, and I-asws would be at rest from your analogies and your practices. So, you are no except like camels lost from its shepherd. Every time you are gathered from one side, you disperse from (another) side.
كَأَنِّي بِكُمْ وَ اللَّهِ فِيمَا أَرَى لَوْ قَدْ حُمِّسَ الْوَغَى وَ احْمَرَّ الْمَوْتُ قَدِ انْفَرَجْتُمْ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ انْفِرَاجَ الرَّأْسِ وَ انْفِرَاجَ الْمَرْأَةِ عَنْ قُبُلِهَا لَا تَمْنَعُ عَنْهَا.
It is as if I-asws am with you all, by Allah-azwj, in what I-asws see, and the war is being urged on and the death has reddened, and you are fleeing away from Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws like the head being cut off (never to return), and the cutting of the woman from her baby (at birth)’.
قَالَ الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ: فَهَلَّا فَعَلْتَ كَمَا فَعَلَ ابْنُ عَفَّانَ؟!.
Al-Ash’as Bin Qays said, ‘So, why didn’t you-asws do just as the son of Affan (Usman) had done?!’
فَقَالَ: أَ وَ كما [كُلَّمَا] فَعَلَ ابْنُ عَفَّانَ رَأَيْتُمُونِي فَعَلْتُ! أَنَا عَائِذٌ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا تَقُولُ، يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ! وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الَّتِي فَعَلَ ابْنُ عَفَّانَ لَمَخْزَاةٌ لِمَنْ لَا دِينَ لَهُ وَ لَا وَثِيقَةَ مَعَهُ، فَكَيْفَ أَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ وَ أَنَا عَلَى بَيِّنَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّي، وَ الْحُجَّةُ فِي يَدِي، وَ الْحَقُّ مَعِي؟!
He-asws said: ‘Or as if whatever the son of Affan had done you have seen me-asws do it! I-asws seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the evil of what you are saying, O Ibn Qays! By Allah-azwj! That which the son of Affan did was shameful for the one who has no Religion for him, nor any document with him. How can I-asws do that and I-asws am upon the Attestation from my-asws Lord, and the proof is in my-asws hands, and the truth is with me?!
وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ امْرَأً أَمْكَنَ عَدُوَّهُ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ يَجُزُّ لَحْمَهُ، وَ يَفْرِي جِلْدَهُ، وَ يَهْشِمُ عَظْمَهُ، وَ يَسْفِكُ دَمَهُ، وَ هُوَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يَمْنَعَهُ لِعَظِيمِ وِزْرِهِ، ضَعِيفٌ مَا ضُمَّتْ عَلَيْهِ جَوَانِحُ صَدْرِهِ، فَكُنْتَ أَنْتَ ذَاكَ يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ!
By Allah-azwj! If a man were to enabled his enemy on himself, his flesh would be ripped apart, and his skin would be scraped off, and his bones would be broken, and his blood would be spilt while he is able upon preventing him, his burden (of sin) would be might, weakest of all weaknesses is what the limbs of his chest would be. You are like that, O Ibn Qays!
فَأَمَّا أَنَا فَوَ اللَّهِ دُونَ أَنْ أُعْطِيَ بِيَدِي ضَرْبٌ بِالْمَشْرَفِيِ تَطِيرُ لَهُ فِرَاشُ الْهَامِ، وَ تَطِيحُ مِنْهُ الْأَكُفُّ وَ الْمَعَاصِمُ، وَ يَفْعَلُ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ ما يَشاءُ،
As for I-asws, by Allah-azwj, am away from it. I-asws shall strike with the sword, the important seats would fly away, and the palms and the wrists would be overthrown from it, and Allah-azwj will Do after that whatever He-azwj so Desires.
وَيْلَكَ- يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ- إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ يَمُوتُ كُلَّ مَيْتَةٍ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَقْتُلُ نَفْسَهُ، فَمَنْ قَدَرَ عَلَى حَقْنِ دَمِهِ ثُمَّ خَلَّى عَمَّنْ يَقْتُلُهُ فَهُوَ قَاتِلُ نَفْسِهِ،
Woe be unto you, O Ibn Qays! The Momin dies every death apart from that he does not kill himself. So, the one who is able upon saving his blood, then vacates (leaves opportunity) from the one who would kill him, then he has killed himself.
يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ! إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةَ تَفْتَرِقُ عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً، فِرْقَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ اثْنَتَانِ وَ سَبْعُونَ فِي النَّارِ، وَ شَرُّهَا وَ أَبْغَضُهَا وَ أَبْعَدُهَا مِنْهُ السَّامِرَةُ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ لَا قِتَالَ وَ كَذَبُوا، قَدْ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِقِتَالِ الْبَاغِينَ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ، وَ كَذَلِكَ الْمَارِقَةُ.
O Ibn Qays! This community will be separating upon seventy-three sects, one sect would be in the Paradise, and seventy-two would be in the Fire, and their evilest, and most hateful, and most remote from it, are the Samirat (a sect of Jews), those who are saying, ‘No fighting’, and they are lying. Allah-azwj has Commanded the fighting against the rebels in His-azwj Book and the Sunnah of His-azwj Prophet-saww, and like that are the renegades’.
فَقَالَ ابْنُ قَيْسٍ- وَ غَضِبَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ-: فَمَا مَنَعَكَ يَا ابْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ حِينَ بُويِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَخُو بَنِي تَيْمٍ وَ أَخُو بَنِي عَدِيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ وَ أَخُو بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ بَعْدَهُمْ أَنْ تُقَاتِلَ وَ تَضْرِبَ بِسَيْفِكَ؟!
Ibn Qays said, and he was angered from his-asws words, ‘So what prevented you-asws, O son-asws of Abu Talib-asws, when Abu Bakr, brother of the clan of Taym, and (Umar) brother of the clan of Uday Bin Ka’ab, and the brother of the clan of Umayya were pledged allegiance to after them, that you-asws fight and strike with your-asws sword?!
وَ أَنْتَ لَمْ تَخْطُبْنَا خُطْبَةً مُذْ كُنْتَ قَدِمْتَ الْعِرَاقَ إِلَّا قُلْتَ فِيهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْزِلَ عَنِ الْمِنْبَرِ: وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالنَّاسِ، وَ مَا زِلْتُ مَظْلُوماً مُذْ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ! فَمَا يَمْنَعُكَ أَنْ تَضْرِبَ بِسَيْفِكَ دُونَ مَظْلِمَتِكَ؟!.
And you-asws have not addressed any sermon, since you-asws arrived at Al-Iraq, except you-asws have said in it, before you descended from the pulpit: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws am foremost of the people with the people, and I-asws have not ceased to be oppressed since Rasool-Allah-saww passed away!’ So what prevented you-asws from striking your-asws sword to do away the oppressors?’
قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ! اسْمَعِ الْجَوَابَ، لَمْ يَمْنَعْنِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْجُبْنُ وَ لَا كَرَاهَةٌ لِلِقَاءِ رَبِّي، وَ أَنْ لَا أَكُونَ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ لِي مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْبَقَاءِ فِيهَا، وَ لَكِنْ مَنَعَنِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَمْرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ عَهْدُهُ إِلَيَّ، أَخْبَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِمَا الْأُمَّةُ صَانِعَةٌ بَعْدَهُ
He-asws said: ‘O Ibn Qays! Listen to the answer. I-asws was not prevented from that by the cowardice, nor abhorrence to meet my-asws Lord-azwj, and I-asws am more knowing that what is in the Presence of Allah-azwj is better for me than the world and the remaining in it. But what prevented me-asws from that is the instruction of Rasool-Allah-saww and his-saww pact to me-asws. Rasool-Allah-saww informed me-asws of what the community would be doing after me-asws.
فَلَمْ أَكُ بِمَا صَنَعُوا حِينَ عَايَنْتُهُ بِأَعْلَمَ بِهِ وَ لَا أَشَدَّ اسْتِيقَاناً مِنِّي بِهِ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ، بَلْ أَنَا بِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَشَدُّ يَقِيناً مِنِّي بِمَا عَايَنْتُ وَ شَهِدْتُ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! فَمَا تَعْهَدُ إِلَيَّ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ؟
I-asws did not become more knowing with what they die when I-asws witnessed it, nor was anyone more intensely convinced than me-asws with it, before that, but I-asws was intensely convinced with the words of Rasool-Allah-saww due to what I-asws saw and witnessed. So, I-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What is your-saww pact to me-asws when that happens?’
قَالَ: إِنْ وَجَدْتَ أَعْوَاناً فَانْبِذْ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ جَاهِدْهُمْ، وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً فَكُفَّ يَدَكَ وَ احْقُنْ دَمَكَ حَتَّى تَجِدَ عَلَى إِقَامَةِ الدِّينِ وَ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ سُنَّتِي أَعْوَاناً،
He-saww said: ‘If you-asws were to find supporters, then go to them and fight them, and if you-asws do not find supporters, then restrain your-asws hand and save your-asws blood until you-asws find supporters upon establishing the Religion and the Book of Allah-azwj and my-saww Sunnah’.
وَ أَخْبَرَنِي صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ أَنَّ الْأُمَّةَ سَتَخْذُلُنِي وَ تُبَايِعُ غَيْرِي، وَ أَخْبَرَنِي صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ أَنِّي مِنْهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى، وَ أَنَّ الْأُمَّةَ سَيَصِيرُونَ بَعْدَهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ وَ مَنْ تَبِعَهُ وَ الْعِجْلِ وَ مَنْ تَبِعَهُ، إِذْ قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى:
And he-saww informed me-asws that the community would be abandoning me-asws and pledge allegiance to others, and he-saww informed me-asws that I-asws am from him-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as, and that the community would become after him-saww, at the status of Haroun-as and the ones who followed him-as, and the calf and the ones who followed it, when Musa-as said to him-as: –
يا هارُونُ ما مَنَعَكَ إِذْ رَأَيْتَهُمْ ضَلُّوا أَلَّا تَتَّبِعَنِ أَ فَعَصَيْتَ أَمْرِي قالَ يَا بْنَ أُمَّ لا تَأْخُذْ بِلِحْيَتِي وَ لا بِرَأْسِي إِنِّي خَشِيتُ أَنْ تَقُولَ فَرَّقْتَ بَيْنَ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ وَ لَمْ تَرْقُبْ قَوْلِي
(Musa) said: ‘O Haroun! What prevented you, when you saw them straying [20:92] That you did not follow me? So you disobeyed my order?’ [20:93] He said: ‘O son of my mother! Do not seize me by my beard nor my head! I feared, lest you might be saying: ‘You caused division between the Children of Israel and you did not await my word’’ [20:94].
وَ إِنَّمَا يَعْنِي أَنَّ مُوسَى أَمَرَ هَارُونَ حِينَ اسْتَخْلَفَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنْ ضَلُّوا فَوَجَدَ أَعْوَاناً أَنْ يُجَاهِدَهُمْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً أَنْ يَكُفَّ يَدَهُ وَ يَحْقُنَ دَمَهُ وَ لَا يُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمْ،
And rather it means that Musa-as instructed Haroun-as, when he-as made him-as a caliph upon them that if they were to stray, and he-as finds supporters, then he-as should fight them, and if he-as cannot find supporters, then he-as should restrain his-as hand and save his-as blood, and not to cause division between them.
وَ إِنِّي خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَقُولَ ذَلِكَ أَخِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: لِمَ فَرَّقْتَ بَيْنَ الْأُمَّةِ وَ لَمْ تَرْقُبْ قَوْلِي؟ وَ قَدْ عَهِدْتُ إِلَيْكَ أَنَّكَ إِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً أَنْ تَكُفَّ يَدَكَ وَ تَحْقُنَ دَمَكَ وَ دَمَ أَهْلِكَ وَ شِيعَتِكَ،
And I-asws feared that my-asws brother-saww Rasool-Allah-saww would be saying that: ‘Why did you-asws cause divisions between the community? And why did you-asws not await my word’’ [20:94], and I-saww had already pacted to you-asws and if you-asws do not find supporters that you-asws should restrain your-asws hand and save your-asws blood, and blood of your-asws family and of your-asws Shias?’
فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مَالَ النَّاسُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَبَايَعُوهُ وَ أَنَا مَشْغُولٌ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِغُسْلِهِ، ثُمَّ شُغِلْتُ بِالْقُرْآنِ فَآلَيْتُ يَمِيناً بِالْقُرْآنِ أَنْ لَا أَرْتَدِيَ إِلَّا لِلصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى أَجْمَعَهُ فِي كِتَابٍ فَفَعَلْتُ،
When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, the people inclined towards Abu Bakr and pledged allegiance to him while I-asws was pre-occupied with Rasool-Allah-saww, with his-saww washing. Then I-asws was pre-occupied with the Quran. I-asws swore an oath with the Quran that I-asws will not cloak myself-asws except for the Salat until I-asws have collected it in (the form of a) Book. I-asws did so.
ثُمَّ حَمَلْتُ فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامُ وَ أَخَذْتُ بِيَدِ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ فَلَمْ أَدَعْ أَحَداً مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ وَ أَهْلِ السَّابِقَةِ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِلَّا نَاشَدْتُهُمُ اللَّهَ وَ حَقِّي وَ دَعَوْتُهُمْ إِلَى نُصْرَتِي، فَلَمْ يَسْتَجِبْ مِنْ جَمِيعِ النَّاسِ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةُ رَهْطٍ: الزُّبَيْرُ وَ سَلْمَانُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ،
Then I-asws carried (Syeda) Fatima-asws (on a mule), and I-asws held the hands of Al-Hassan and Al-Husayn-asws, and I-asws did not leave anyone from the people of Badr, and the people of precedence from the Emigrants and the Helpers except I-asws adjured them with Allah-azwj of my-asws rights and called them to help me-asws. But, no one from the entirety of the people answered except a group of four – Al-Zubeyr, and Salman-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra.
وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعِي أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي أَصُولُ بِهِ وَ لَا أَقْوَى بِهِ، أَمَّا حَمْزَةُ فَقُتِلَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ، وَ أَمَّا جَعْفَرٌ فَقُتِلَ يَوْمَ مُؤْتَةَ، وَ بَقِيتُ بَيْنَ جِلْفَيْنِ خَائِفَيْنِ ذَلِيلَيْنِ حَقِيرَيْنِ: الْعَبَّاسِ وَ عَقِيلٍ، وَ كَانَا قَرِيبَيْ عَهْدٍ بِكُفْرٍ، فَأَكْرَهُونِي وَ قَهَرُونِي،
And there did not happen to be anyone from my-asws family members with me, I-asws would be helped with and strengthened with. As for Hamza-asws, he-asws was killed on the day of (battle of) Ohad, and as for Ja’far-asws, he-asws was killed on the day of (battle of) Mu’tah, and I-asws remained between two weak, fearful ones, wretched, despicable – Al-Abbas and Aqeel, and they were both closer to the pact with Kufr, so they coerced me-asws and compelled me-asws.
فَقُلْتُ كَمَا قَالَ هَارُونُ لِأَخِيهِ:- ابْنَ أُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَ كادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي فَلِي بِهَارُونَ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ، وَ لِي بِعَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ حُجَّةٌ قَوِيَّةٌ.
So, I-asws said just as Haroun-as had said to his-as brother (Musa-as): ‘Son of my mother! Surely the people weakened me and they almost killed me, [7:150]. For me-asws there is an exemplar with Haroun-as, and for me-asws there is a pact of Rasool-Allah-saww, a strong argument’.
قَالَ الْأَشْعَثُ: كَذَلِكَ صَنَعَ عُثْمَانُ: اسْتَغَاثَ بِالنَّاسِ وَ دَعَاهُمْ إِلَى نُصْرَتِهِ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً فَكَفَّ يَدَهُ حَتَّى قُتِلَ مَظْلُوماً.
Al-Ash’as said, ‘Usman had done like that. He sought help with the people and called them to help him, but he did not find any supporters, so he restrained his hand until he was killed as an oppressed one’.
قَالَ: وَيْلَكَ- يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ-! إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ حِينَ قَهَرُونِي وَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَ كادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي وَ لَوْ قَالُوا لِي: نَقْتُلَنَّكَ الْبَتَّةَ لَامْتَنَعْتُ مِنْ قَتْلِهِمْ إِيَّايَ، وَ لَوْ لَمْ أَجِدْ غَيْرَ نَفْسِي وَحْدِي، وَ لَكِنْ قَالُوا: إِنْ بَايَعْتَ كَفَفْنَا عَنْكَ وَ أَكْرَمْنَاكَ وَ قَرَّبْنَاكَ وَ فَضَّلْنَاكَ، وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ قَتَلْنَاكَ،
He-asws said: ‘Woe be unto you, O Ibn Qays! The people, when they coerced me, weakened me and they almost killed me, [7:150], and had they said to me, ‘We will kill you-asws regardless’, I-asws would have defended from their killing me-asws, and even if I-asws did not find anyone apart from myself-asws alone. But, they said, ‘If you-asws pledge allegiance we will restrain from you-asws, and honour you-asws, and draw you-asws near, and give you-asws preference, and if you-asws do not do it, we will kill you-asws’.
فَلَمَّا لَمْ أَجِدْ أَحَداً بَايَعْتُهُمْ، وَ بَيْعَتِي لَهُمْ لَمَّا لَا حَقَّ لَهُمْ فِيهِ لَا يُوجِبُ لَهُمْ حَقّاً وَ لَا يَلْزَمُنِي رِضاً،
When I-asws did not find anyone, I-asws pledged allegiance to them, and my-asws allegiance to them was when there was neither any right for them regarding it nor was any right obligated for them, nor was any agreement necessitated to me.
وَ لَوْ أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ لَمَّا قَالَ لَهُ النَّاسُ اخْلَعْهَا وَ نَكُفَّ عَنْكَ خَلَعَهَا لَمْ يَقْتُلُوهُ، وَ لَكِنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا أَخْلَعُهَا. قَالُوا: فَإِنَّا قَاتِلُوكَ، فَكَفَّ يَدَهُ عَنْهُمْ حَتَّى قَتَلُوهُ،
And if Usman, when the people said to him, ‘Vacate it (caliphate) and we shall restrain from you’, he had vacated it, they would not have killed him, but he said, ‘I will not vacate it’. They said, ‘Then we will kill you’. He restrained his hand from them until they killed him.
وَ لَعَمْرِي لَخَلْعُهُ إِيَّاهَا كَانَ خَيْراً لَهُ، لِأَنَّهُ أَخَذَهَا بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ، وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ فِيهَا نَصِيبٌ، وَ ادَّعَى مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ، وَ تَنَاوَلَ حَقَّ غَيْرِهِ.
And by my-asws life! Vacating it was better for him because he had taken it without right, and there did not happen to be any share for him in it, and he claimed what wasn’t for him, and he had devoured the right of someone else.
وَيْلَكَ- يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ-! إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ لَا يَعْدُو أَنْ يَكُونَ أَحَدَ رَجُلَيْنِ، إِمَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ دَعَا النَّاسَ إِلَى نُصْرَتِهِ فَلَمْ يَنْصُرُوهُ، وَ إِمَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْقَوْمُ دَعَوْهُ إِلَى أَنْ يَنْصُرُوهُ فَنَهَاهُمْ عَنْ نُصْرَتِهِ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْهَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَنْ أَنْ يَنْصُرُوا إِمَاماً هَادِياً مُهْتَدِياً لَمْ يُحْدِثْ حَدَثاً وَ لَمْ يُؤْوِ مُحْدِثاً، وَ بِئْسَ مَا صَنَعَ حِينَ نَهَاهُمْ، وَ بِئْسَ مَا صَنَعُوا حِينَ أَطَاعُوهُ،
Woe be unto you, O Ibn Qays! Usman is not void from happening to be one of the two men – Either he happened to have called the people to help him but they did not help him, or it so happened that the people called him that he be helped by them, and he forbade them from helping him. So, there did not happen to be any solution for him that he forbids the Muslims from helping a guiding Imam, guided, not innovating anything new, and he did not harbour an innovator, and evil is what he did when he forbade them, and evil is what they did when they obeyed him.
فَإِمَّا أَنْ يَكُونُوا لَمْ يَرَوْهُ أَهْلًا لِنُصْرَتِهِ لِجَوْرِهِ وَ حُكْمِهِ بِخِلَافِ الْكِتَابِ وَ السُّنَّةِ- وَ قَدْ كَانَ مَعَ عُثْمَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ مَوَالِيهِ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ آلَافِ رَجُلٍ وَ لَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَمْتَنِعَ بِهِمْ لَفَعَلَ- وَ لَمْ يَنْهَهُمْ عَنْ نُصْرَتِهِ،
And perhaps they did not view him as being deserving of their helping him and his decisions opposite to the Book and the Sunnah, and there were with Usman, from his family member and his friends and his companions, more than four thousand men, and had Allah-azwj so Desired, that he defends with them, would have done so, and he did not forbid them from helping him.
وَ لَوْ كُنْتُ وَجَدْتُ يَوْمَ بُويِعَ أَخُو تَيْمٍ أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلًا مُطِيعِينَ لَجَاهَدْتُهُمْ، فَأَمَّا يَوْمَ بُويِعَ عُمَرُ وَ عُثْمَانُ فَلَا، لِأَنِّي كُنْتُ بَايَعْتُ وَ مِثْلِي لَا يَنْكُثُ بَيْعَتَهُ.
And had I-asws found on the day the brother of Taym (Abu Bakr) was pledged allegiance to, forty obedient men, I-asws would have fought them. As for the day Umar and Usman were pledged allegiance to, so no, because I-asws had already pledged allegiance (under compulsion), and someone like me-asws does not break his-asws allegiance.
وَيْلَكَ- يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ-! كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَنِي صَنَعْتُ حِينَ قُتِلَ عُثْمَانُ وَ وَجَدْتُ أَعْوَاناً؟ هَلْ رَأَيْتَ مِنِّي فَشَلًا أَوْ جُبْناً، أَوْ تَقْصِيراً فِي وَقْعَتِي يَوْمَ الْبَصْرَةِ وَ هُمْ حَوْلَ جَمَلِهِمُ الْمَلْعُونِ مَنْ مَعَهُ، الْمَلْعُونِ مَنْ قُتِلَ حَوْلَهُ، الْمَلْعُونِ مَنْ رَكِبَهُ، الْمَلْعُونِ مَنْ بَقِيَ بَعْدَهُ لَا تَائِباً وَ لَا مُسْتَغْفِراً؟!
Woe be unto you, O Ibn Qays! How do you see me-asws to had done when Usman was killed and I-asws did find supporters? Have you seen any failures from me-asws, or cowardice, or deficiencies during my-asws event on the day of (battle of) Al Basra, and they were around their camel (with Ayesha being in it). Accursed is the one in it. The accursed is the one killed around it. The accursed is the one who rode it (Ayesha). The accursed is the one who remained living after it, neither repenting nor seeking Forgiveness?!
فَإِنَّهُمْ قَتَلُوا أَنْصَارِي، وَ نَكَثُوا بَيْعَتِي، وَ مَثَّلُوا بِعَامِلِي، وَ بَغَوْا عَلَيَّ، وَ سِرْتُ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفاً- وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى: أَقَلَّ مِنْ عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ- وَ هُمْ نَيِّفٌ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَ مِائَةِ أَلْفٍ- وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ: زِيَادَةً عَلَى خَمْسِينَ أَلْفاً- فَنَصَرَنِيَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ قَتَلَهُمْ بِأَيْدِينَا وَ شَفَى صُدُورَ قَوْمٍ مُؤْمِنِينَ
They killed my-asws helpers, and broke my-asws allegiance, and mutilated my-asws office bearers, and they rebelled against me-asws, and I-asws had gone to them among twelve thousand’ – and in another report: ‘Less than ten thousand, and they were more than one hundred and twenty thousand’ – and in a report: ‘More than fifty thousand. Allah-azwj Helped me-asws against them and Killed them by our hands, and Healed the chests of the group of Momineen.
وَ كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَ- يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ- وَقْعَتَنَا بِصِفِّينَ، وَ مَا قَتَلَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ بِأَيْدِينَا خَمْسِينَ أَلْفاً فِي صَعِيدٍ وَاحِدٍ إِلَى النَّارِ- وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى: زِيَادَةً عَلَى سَبْعِينَ أَلْفاً-،
And how do you view, O Ibn Qays, our event at Siffen, and what Allah-azwj Killed fifty thousand of them by our hands, in one plain (Sending them) to the Fire’ – and in another report: ‘More than seventy thousand.
وَ كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَنَا يَوْمَ النَّهْرَوَانِ إِذْ لَقِيتُ الْمَارِقِينَ وَ هُمْ مُسْتَبْصِرُونَ مُتَدَيِّنُونَ؟! قَدْ: ضَلَّ سَعْيُهُمْ فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا وَ هُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعاً فَقَتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي صَعِيدٍ وَاحِدٍ إِلَى النَّارِ لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُمْ عَشَرَةٌ وَ لَمْ يَقْتُلُوا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَشَرَةً.
And how do you view the day of (battle of) Al-Naharwan when I-asws met the renegades and they (thought of themselves as being) insightful, religious?! whose striving is lost in the life of the world and they are reckoning that they are good in what they do?’ [18:104]. Allah-azwj Killed them in one plain (Sending them) to the Fire. There did not remain (even) ten from them, and they could not (even) kill ten from the Momineen.
وَيْلَكَ- يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ- هَلْ رَأَيْتَ لِي لِوَاءً رُدَّ؟ أَوْ رَايَةً رُدَّتْ؟ إِيَّايَ تُعَيِّرُ يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ؟!. وَ أَنَا صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي جَمِيعِ مَوَاطِنِهِ وَ مَشَاهِدِهِ، وَ الْمُتَقَدِّمُ إِلَى الشَّدَائِدِ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، وَ لَا أَفِرُّ وَ لَا أَلُوذُ وَ لَا أَعْتَلُّ وَ لَا أَنْحَازُ وَ لَا أَمْنَحُ الْيَهُودَ دُبُرِي،
Woe be unto you, O Ibn Qays! Have you ever seen me-asws to have returned a flag, or seen a retreat? Is it me-asws you are faulting, O Ibn Qays?! And I-asws was a companion of Rasool-Allah-azwj in the entirety of his-saww places, and his-saww battles, and advancing to the difficulties in front of him-saww, and I-asws neither fled, nor sought shelter, nor ashamed, nor did I-asws turn my-asws back on the Jews turning back.
إِنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلنَّبِيِّ وَ لَا لِلْوَصِيِّ إِذَا لَبِسَ لَامَتَهُ وَ قَصَدَ لِعَدُوِّهِ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ أَوْ يَنْثَنِيَ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ أَوْ يَفْتَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُ.
It is not befitting for the Prophet-saww nor for the successor-asws, when he-asws wears his-asws armour and aims to his-asws enemies, and he-asws would return or fold (surrender), until either he-asws is killed of Allah-azwj Grants victory to him-asws.
يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ! هَلْ سَمِعْتَ لِي بِفِرَارٍ قَطُّ أَوْ نَبْوَةٍ؟.
O Ibn Qays! Have you ever heard for me-asws to have fled at all or hesitation?
يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ! أَمَا وَ الَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَ بَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ لَوْ وَجَدْتُ يَوْمَ بُويِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ- الَّذِي عَيَّرْتَنِي بِدُخُولِي فِي بَيْعَتِهِ- أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلًا كُلُّهُمْ عَلَى مِثْلِ بَصِيرَةِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ الَّذِينَ وَجَدْتُ لَمَا كَفَفْتُ يَدِي، وَ لَنَاهَضْتُ الْقَوْمَ، وَ لَكِنْ لَمْ أَجِدْ خَامِساً!.
O Ibn Qays! But, by the One-azwj Who Split the seed and Formed the person! If I-asws had found, on the day Abu Bakr was pledged allegiance to – which is what you are faulting me-asws of having entered into his allegiance – forty men, all of them being upon the insight of the four which I-asws did find, I-asws would not have restrained my-asws hand, and would have fought the people. But, I-asws could not even find a fifth!’
قَالَ الْأَشْعَثُ: وَ مَنِ الْأَرْبَعَةُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ؟.
Al Ash’as said, ‘And who are the four, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws?’
قَالَ: سَلْمَانُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ صَفِيَّةَ قَبْلَ نَكْثِهِ بَيْعَتِي، فَإِنَّهُ بَايَعَنِي مَرَّتَيْنِ، أَمَّا بَيْعَتُهُ الْأُولَى الَّتِي وَفَى بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا بُويِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَتَانِي أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَبَايَعُونِي وَ فِيهِمُ الزُّبَيْرُ،
He-asws said: ‘Salman-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Al-Zubeyr Bin Safiya, before he broke my-asws allegiance, for he has pledged allegiance to me-asws twice. As for his first allegiance which he was loyal with, it was when Abu Bakr was pledged allegiance to. There came to me-asws, forty men from the Emigrants and the Helpers, and they pledged allegiance to me-asws, and among them was Al-Zubeyr.
فَأَمَرْتُهُمْ أَنْ يُصْبِحُوا عِنْدَ بَابِي مُحَلِّقِينَ رُءُوسَهُمْ عَلَيْهِمُ السِّلَاحُ، فَمَا وَافَى مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ وَ لَا صَبَّحَنِي مِنْهُمْ غَيْرُ أَرْبَعَةٍ: سَلْمَانُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ،
I-asws instructed them that they should come in the morning to my-asws door having shaved their head, having the weapons upon them. No one from them was loyal nor did anyone accompany from them apart from our – Salman-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and al Zubeyr.
وَ أَمَّا بَيْعَتُهُ الْأُخْرَى: فَإِنَّهُ أَتَانِي هُوَ وَ صَاحِبُهُ طَلْحَةُ بَعْدَ قَتْلِ عُثْمَانَ فَبَايَعَانِي طَائِعِينَ غَيْرَ مُكْرَهِينَ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَا عَنْ دِينِهِمَا مُرْتَدِّينَ نَاكِثِينَ مُكَابِرِينَ مُعَانِدِينَ حَاسِدِينَ، فَقَتَلَهُمَا اللَّهُ إِلَى النَّارِ،
And as for the other allegiance, he came to me, he and his companion Talha, after the killing of Usman, and they pledged allegiance to me willingly, without coercion. Then they returned from their religion, renegades, breakers (of the covenant), arrogant, obstinate, jealous. Allah-azwj Killed them both (Sending them) to the Fire.
وَ أَمَّا الثَّلَاثَةُ: سَلْمَانُ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادُ فَثَبَتُوا عَلَى دِينِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ مِلَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ (ع) حَتَّى لَقُوا اللَّهَ، يَرْحَمُهُمُ اللَّهُ.
And as for the three – Salman-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Al Miqdad-ra, they-ra were steadfast upon the Religion of Muhammad-saww and Religion of Ibrahim-as until they-ra met Allah-azwj. May Allah-azwj have Mercy on them-ra.
يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ! فَوَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ أُولَئِكَ الْأَرْبَعِينَ الَّذِينَ بَايَعُونِي وَفَوْا لِي وَ أَصْبَحُوا عَلَى بَابِي مُحَلِّقِينَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَجِبَ لِعَتِيقٍ فِي عُنُقِي بَيْعَةٌ لَنَاهَضْتُهُ وَ حَاكَمْتُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،
O Ibn Qays! By Allah-azwj! If those forty, the ones who had pledged allegiance to me-asws, been loyal to me-asws and had come to my-asws door in the morning having shaved their heads before the allegiance to Ateeq (Abu Bakr) was forced in my-asws neck, I-asws would have fought him and judged him to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
وَ لَوْ وَجَدْتُ قَبْلَ بَيْعَةِ عُثْمَانَ أَعْوَاناً لَنَاهَضْتُهُمْ وَ حَاكَمْتُهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ، فَإِنَّ ابْنَ عَوْفٍ جَعَلَهَا لِعُثْمَانَ، وَ اشْتَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ، فَأَمَّا بَعْدَ بَيْعَتِي إِيَّاهُمْ فَلَيْسَ إِلَى مُجَاهَدَتِهِمْ سَبِيلٌ.
And if I-asws had found supporters, before the allegiance to Usman, I-asws would have judged them to Allah-azwj. Surely, Ibn Awf made it (caliphate) to be for Usman, and stipulated upon it in what was between him and him, that he (Usman) would return it to him at his death. As for after my-asws having pledged allegiance (being compelled) to them, there wasn’t any was for me to fight them’.
فَقَالَ الْأَشْعَثُ: وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ كَمَا تَقُولُ لَقَدْ هَلَكَتِ الْأُمَّةُ غَيْرَكَ وَ غَيْرَ شِيعَتِكَ!
Al-Ash’as said, ‘By Allah-azwj! If the matter was just as you-asws are saying it, the community has been destroyed, apart from you-asws and your-asws Shias!’
فَقَالَ: إِنَّ الْحَقَّ وَ اللَّهِ مَعِي يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ كَمَا أَقُولُ، وَ مَا هَلَكَ مِنَ الْأُمَّةِ إِلَّا النَّاصِبِينَ وَ الْمُكَاثِرِينَ وَ الْجَاحِدِينَ وَ الْمُعَانِدِينَ،
He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! The truth is with me-asws, O Ibn Qays, just as I-asws am saying, and no one from the community is destroyed except the Nasibis (Hostile ones), and the breakers (of the allegiance), and the rejecters, and the obstinate ones.
فَأَمَّا مَنْ تَمَسَّكَ بِالتَّوْحِيدِ وَ الْإِقْرَارِ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنَ الْمِلَّةِ، وَ لَمْ يُظَاهِرْ عَلَيْنَا الظَّلَمَةَ، وَ لَمْ يَنْصِبْ لَنَا الْعَدَاوَةَ، وَ شَكَّ فِي الْخِلَافَةِ، وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفْ أَهْلَهَا وَ وُلَاتَهَا، وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفْ لَنَا وَلَايَةً، وَ لَمْ يَنْصِبْ لَنَا عَدَاوَةً، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مُسْلِمٌ مُسْتَضْعَفٌ يُرْجَى لَهُ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ يُتَخَوَّفُ عَلَيْهِ ذُنُوبُهُ.
As for the one adhering with the Tawheed and the acknowledgment with Muhammad-saww, and Al-Islam, and he did not exit from the Religion, and did not manifest the injustice upon us-asws, and did not establish enmity to us-asws, and doubted in the caliphate, and did not recognise its rightful ones and its rulers, and did not recognise the Wilayah for us-asws, and did not establish enmity to us-asws, so that is a Muslim, the weak, there is hope for him of the Mercy of Allah-azwj, and there is fear upon him of his sins (whether they would be Forgiven or not)’.
قَالَ أَبَانٌ: قَالَ سُلَيْمُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ: فَلَمْ يَبْقَ يَوْمَئِذٍ مِنْ شِيعَةِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا تَهَلَّلَ وَجْهُهُ وَ فَرِحَ بِمَقَالَتِهِ، إِذْ شَرَحَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ الْأَمْرَ وَ بَاحَ بِهِ، وَ كَشَفَ الْغِطَاءَ، وَ تَرَكَ التَّقِيَّةَ،
Aban said, ‘Suleym Bin Qays said, ‘On that day, there did not remain anyone from the Shias of Ali-asws except his face was beaming, and he was happy with his-asws talk, when Amir Al Momineen-asws commented on the matter and declared with it, and removed the covering, and left the Taqiyya (dissimulation).
وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْقُرَّاءِ مِمَّنْ كَانَ يَشُكُّ فِي الْمَاضِينَ وَ يَكُفُّ عَنْهُمْ وَ يَدَعُ الْبَرَاءَةَ مِنْهُمْ وَرِعاً وَ تَأَثُّماً إِلَّا اسْتَيْقَنَ وَ اسْتَبْصَرَ وَ حَسُنَ وَ تَرَكَ الشَّكَّ وَ الْوُقُوفَ،
And there did not remain anyone from the reciters (of the Quran), from the ones who had doubted in the past, and had refrained from them (Abu Bakr, Umar and Usman), calling for the disavowment from them, and had feared and considered a sin, except he was convinced, and was insightful, and felt good, and left the doubt and the pausing.
وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ حَوْلَهُ أَتَى بَيْعَتَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِ مَا بُويِعَ عُثْمَانُ وَ الْمَاضُونَ قَبْلَهُ إِلَّا رُئِيَ ذَلِكَ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَ ضَاقَ بِهِ أَمْرُهُ، وَ كَرِهَ مَقَالَتَهُ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ اسْتَبْصَرَ عَامَّتُهُمْ وَ ذَهَبَ شَكُّهُمْ.
And there did not remain anyone around him-asws who had given his allegiance upon the aspect of what Usman had been pledged, and the past ones before him, except that abhorrence was seen in his face, and his affair was straitened, and disliked his-asws words. Then generality of them became insightful and they doubts were gone.
قَالَ أَبَانٌ، عَنْ سُلَيْمٍ: فَمَا شَهِدْتُ يَوْماً قَطُّ عَلَى رُءُوسِ الْعَامَّةِ أَقَرَّ لِأَعْيُنِنَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ لَمَّا كَشَفَ لِلنَّاسِ مِنَ الْغِطَاءِ، وَ أَظْهَرَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ، وَ شَرَحَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ، وَ أَلْقَى فِيهِ التَّقِيَّةَ وَ الْكِتْمَانَ، وَ كَثُرَتِ الشِّيعَةُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْمَجْلِسِ مُذْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ، وَ تَكَلَّمُوا وَ قَدْ كَانُوا أَقَلَّ أَهْلِ عَسْكَرِهِ،
Aban said, from Suleym, ‘I had not witnessed any day at all upon the heads of the public, more delight in their eyes than that day due to what from the covering was removed for the people, and what was manifested in it from the truth, and his-asws comments regarding the matter, and his-asws casting off the Taqiyya (dissimulation) and the concealment; and after than the Shias became numerous after that gathering since that day, and they spoke, and they had been few among the people of his-asws army.
وَ صَارَ النَّاسُ يُقَاتِلُونَ مَعَهُ عَلَى عِلْمٍ بِمَكَانِهِ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ، وَ صَارَتِ الشِّيعَةُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْمَجْلِسِ أَجَلَّ النَّاسِ وَ أَعْظَمَهُمْ- وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى: جُلُّ النَّاسِ وَ أَعْظَمُهُمْ- وَ ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ وَقْعَةِ النَّهْرَوَانِ، وَ هُوَ يَأْمُرُ بِالتَّهْيِئَةِ وَ الْمَسِيرِ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ،
And the people became fighting alongside him-asws upon the knowledge of his-asws position from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and after that gathering the Shias became the most majestic of the people and their greatest’, and in another report, ‘respectable of the people and their greatest, and that was after the event of (battle of) Al Naharwan, and he-asws was ordering with the preparation and the travelling to Muawiya.
ثُمَّ لَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ قُتِلَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ، قَتَلَهُ ابْنُ مُلْجَمٍ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ غِيلَةً وَ فَتْكاً، وَ قَدْ كَانَ سَيْفُهُ مَسْمُوماً قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ.
Then it was not long before he-asws was killed. Ibn Muljim-la, may Allah-azwj Curse him-la killed him-asws from behind, and his-la sword was poisoned before that’’.[57]
14- باب العلّة التي من أجلها ترك الناس عليّا عليه السلام
CHAPTER 14 – THE REASON DUE TO WHICH THE PEOPLE LEFT ALI-asws
1- ع، لي: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْمُكَتِّبُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْوَرَّاقِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ دُرَيْدٍ، عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ الْفَرَجِ الرِّيَاشِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي زَيْدٍ النَّحْوِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الْخَلِيلَ بْنَ أَحْمَدَ الْعَرُوضِيَّ فَقُلْتُ: لِمَ هَجَرَ النَّاسُ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ قُرْبَاهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قُرْبَاهُ، وَ مَوْضِعُهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَوْضِعُهُ، وَ عَنَاؤُهُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ عَنَاؤُهُ؟!.
(The books) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ (and) ‘Amaali’ of sheykh Al Sadouq – Ahmad Bin Yahya Al Mukattib, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Warraq, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Dureyd, from Al Abbas Bin Al Faraj Al Rayyashi, from Abu Zayd Al Nahwy who said,
‘I asked Al-Khaleed Bin Ahmad Al-Arouzy, I said, ‘Why did the people flee from Ali-asws and his-asws nearness to Rasool-Allah-saww is his-asws nearness, and his-asws place from the Muslims is his-asws (lofty) place, and his-asws efforts in Al-Islam were his-asws efforts?!’
فَقَالَ: بَهَرَ- وَ اللَّهِ- نُورُهُ أَنْوَارَهُمْ، وَ غَلَبَهُمْ عَلَى صَفْوِ كُلِّ مَنْهَلٍ، وَ النَّاسُ إِلَى أَشْكَالِهِمْ أَمْيَلُ، أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ الْأَوَّلَ حَيْثُ يَقُولُ:
| وَ كُلُّ شَكْلٍ لِشَكْلِهِ إلْفٌ | أَ مَا تَرَى الْفِيلَ يَأْلَفُ الْفِيلَا |
He said, ‘By Allah-azwj ! His-asws Noor dazzled their lights, and he-asws prevailed upon the ranks of every subject, and the people were leaning to their like. Have you not the words of the first one (Abu Bakr) (in prose), ‘And every shape inclines to its shape. Don’t you see the elephant inclining towards the elephant?’
قَالَ: وَ أَنْشَدَنَا الرِّيَاشِيُّ فِي مَعْنَاهُ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ الْأَحْنَفِ:
| وَ قَائِلٌ كَيْفَ تَهَاجَرْتُمَا | فَقُلْتُ قَوْلًا فِيهِ إِنْصَافٌ | |
| لَمْ يَكُ مِنْ شَكْلِي فَهَاجَرْتُهُ | وَ النَّاسُ أَشْكَالٌ وَ أُلَّافٌ. |
He said, ‘And Al Riyashi prosed regarding its meaning from Al Abbas Bin Al Ahnaf, ‘And a speaker said, ‘And how did you two emigrate? I said, ‘Saying regarding it is fair. I could not find my shape (someone like me), so I emigrated, and the people are the shapes and the inclination’’.[58] (Not a Hadeeth)
2- ن، ع: الطَّالَقَانِيُّ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَيْفَ مَالَ النَّاسُ عَنْهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ، وَ قَدْ عَرَفُوا فَضْلَهُ وَ سَابِقَتَهُ وَ مَكَانَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ؟.
(The books) ‘Illal Sharaie’ (and) ‘Uyoon Alkhbar Al Reza-asws – A Talaqni, from Ahmad Al Hamdani, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazzal, from his father,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about Amir Al-Momineen-asws how come the people moved away from him-asws to others, and they had recognised his-asws merits, and his-asws precedence, and his-asws position from Rasool-Allah-saww?’
فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا مَالُوا عَنْهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ وَ قَدْ عَرَفُوا فَضْلَهُ لِأَنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ قَتَلَ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ وَ أَجْدَادِهِمْ وَ إِخْوَانِهِمْ وَ أَعْمَامِهِمْ وَ أَخْوَالِهِمْ وَ أَقْرِبَائِهِمُ الْمُحَادِّينَ لِلَّهِ وَ لِرَسُولِهِ عَدَداً كَثِيراً،
He-asws said: ‘But rather they inclined to others and although they had already recognised his-asws merits, because he-asws had killed from their fathers ,and their grandfathers, and their brothers, and their paternal uncles, and their maternal uncles, and their obstinate relatives, for the Sake of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, a large number.
وَ كَانَ حِقْدُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ لِذَلِكَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ فَلَمْ يُحِبُّوا أَنْ يَتَوَلَّى عَلَيْهِمْ، وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ، لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ فِي الْجِهَادِ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مِثْلُ مَا كَانَ، فَلِذَلِكَ عَدَلُوا عَنْهُ وَ مَالُوا إِلَى سِوَاهُ.
And it was their grudges in their hearts against him-asws due to that, so they did not like it if he-asws were to rule upon them, and there did not happen to be in their hearts against the others, similar to that, because there did not happen to be for him-asws during the Jihad in front of Rasool-Allah-saww, similar to what happened, therefore they turned away from him, and inclined to the ones besides him-asws’’.[59]
3- قب: سَأَلَ أَبُو زَيْدٍ النَّحْوِيُّ الْخَلِيلَ بْنَ أَحْمَدَ: مَا بَالُ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَأَنَّهُمْ بَنُو أُمٍّ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَأَنَّهُ ابْنُ عَلَّةٍ؟!.
(The book) ‘Al-Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Abu Zayd Al-Nahwy asked Al-Khaleed Bin Ahmad, ‘What is the matter the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww, as if they were sons of one mother, and Ali-asws was as if he-asws a son of a different mother?!’
قَالَ: تَقَدَّمَهُمْ إِسْلَاماً، وَ بَذَّهُمْ شَرَفاً، وَ فَاقَهُمْ عِلْماً، وَ رَجَّحَهُمْ حِلْماً، وَ كَثَّرَهُمْ هُدًى، فَحَسَدُوهُ، وَ النَّاسُ إِلَى أَمْثَالِهِمْ وَ أَشْكَالِهِمْ أَمْيَلُ ..
He said, ‘He-asws preceded them in Islam, and surpassed them in nobility, and defeated them in knowledge, and prevailed them in forbearance, and was more of them in guidance. So, they envied him-asws, and the people inclined to their like and their shape’’.
وَ قِيلَ لِمَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ نَمِيلَ: مَا لِعَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ رَفَضَهُ الْعَامَّةُ وَ لَهُ فِي كُلِّ خَيْرٍ ضِرْسٌ قَاطِعٌ؟. فَقَالَ: لِأَنَّ ضَوْءَ عُيُونِهِمْ قَصِيرٌ عَنْ نُورِهِ، وَ النَّاسُ إِلَى أَشْكَالِهِمْ أَمْيَلُ..
And it was said to Muslama Bin Nameel, ‘What is the matter the generality rejected Ali-asws and for him-asws regarding every good, there were incisive teeth?’ He said, ‘Because the illumination of their eyes fell short from his-asws Noor, and the people tend to incline towards their shapes (like)’.
قال الشعبي: ما ندري ما نصنع بعليّ بن أبي طالب (ع)، إن أحببناه افتقرنا، و إن أبغضناه كفرنا؟!.
Al-Shabi said, ‘We do not know what to do with Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. If we love him-asws, we separate, and if we hate him-asws, we commit Kufr?!’
و قال النظام: عليّ بن أبي طالب محنة على المتكلّم، إن وفى حقّه غلا، و إن بخسه حقّه أساء، و المنزلة الوسطى دقيقة الوزن، حادّة الشّاف، صعب الترقّي إلّا على الحاذق الديّن.
And Al-Nizam said, ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is distressing upon the speaker. If he fulfils his-asws right, he would be exaggerating (Ghuloo), and if he underestimates him-asws of his-asws right, he would be evil, and the middle status is thin (light) of weight, sharp of concern, difficult to promote except upon the skilful of religion’.
و قال أبو العيناء لعليّ بن الجهم: إنّما تبغض عليّا عليه السلام لأنّه كان يقتل الفاعل و المفعول و أنت أحدهما. فقال له: يا مخنّث! فقال أبو العيناء: وَ ضَرَبَ لَنا مَثَلًا وَ نَسِيَ خَلْقَهُ.
And Abu Al-Ayna’a said to Al-Bin Al-Jahm, ‘But rather you hate Ali-asws because he-asws used to kill the doer and the done, and you are one of them’. He said to him, ‘O effeminate!’ Abu Al-Ayna’a said, ‘And he strikes out an example for Us and forgets his own creation. [36:78]’’.[60]
4- قب: قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ لِعَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: كَيْفَ تُحِبُّكَ قُرَيْشٌ وَ قَدْ قَتَلْتَ فِي يَوْمِ بَدْرٍ وَ أُحُدٍ مِنْ سَادَاتِهِمْ سَبْعِينَ سَيِّداً تَشْرَبُ أُنُوفُهُمُ الْمَاءَ قَبْلَ شِفَاهِهِمْ؟!.
(The book) ‘Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Ibn Umar said to Ali-asws, ‘How can the Quraysh love you-asws and you-asws have killed on the day of (battle of) Badr, and the day of (battle of) Ohad, seventy chief from their chiefs. Will their noses drink the water before their lips?!’
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ:
| مَا تَرَكَتْ بَدْرٌ لَنَا مَذِيقاً | وَ لَا لَنَا مِنْ خَلْفِنَا طَرِيقاً |
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said (in prose): ‘(The battle of) Badr did not leave any taste for us-asws, nor is there any road for us-asws behind us-asws’.
وَ سُئِلَ زَيْنُ الْعَابِدِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَيْضاً: لِمَ أَبْغَضَتْ قُرَيْشٌ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ؟. قَالَ: لِأَنَّهُ أَوْرَدَ أَوَّلَهُمُ النَّارَ وَ قَلَّدَ آخِرَهُمُ الْعَارَ.
And Zayn Al-Abideen-asws was asked, and Ibn Abbas as well, ‘Why did Quraysh hate Ali-asws’ He-asws said: ‘He-asws made their first ones to arrive to the Fire, and collared their lasts one with shame’’.
مَعْرِفَةُ الرِّجَالِ، عَنِ الْكَشِّيِّ: أَنَّهُ كَانَتْ عَدَاوَةُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّ جَدَّهُ ذَا الثُّدَيَّةِ قَتَلَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَوْمَ النَّهْرَوَانِ.
(The book) ‘Ma’rifat Al-Rijaal’, from Al-Kashi, ‘The enmity of Ahmad Bin Hambal towards Amir Al-Momineen-asws was because his grandfather was with the breasts. Amir Al-Momineen-asws killed him on the day of Al-Naharwan’.
كَامِلُ الْمُبَرَّدِ: أَنَّهُ كَانَ أَصْمَعُ بْنُ مُظْهِرٍ جَدُّ الْأَصْمَعِيِّ قَطَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي السَّرِقَةِ، فَكَانَ الْأَصْمَعِيُّ يُبْغِضُهُ، قِيلَ لَهُ: مَنْ أَشْعَرُ النَّاسِ؟.
| قَالَ: مَنْ قَالَ: كَأَنَّ أَكُفَّهُمُ الْهُمَامُ تَهْوِي | عَنِ الْأَعْنَاقِ تَلْعَبُ بِالْكُرِينَا |
(The book) ‘Kamil Al-Mubarrad’ – Asma’a Bin Muzhir was grandfather of Al-Asmaie. Ali-asws had cut him (his hand) regarding the theft, so Al-Asmaie used to hate him-asws. It was said to him, ‘Who is the most poetic of the people?’ He said, ‘One who said (the couplet), ‘As if their palms are wicked from the hugging, playing with the generations’’.
فَقَالُوا: السَّيِّدُ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ. فَقَالَ: هُوَ وَ اللَّهِ أَبْغَضُهُمْ إِلَيَّ!.
They said, ‘Al-Seyyid Al-Himeyri’. He said, ‘By Allah-azwj! He was the one most hateful to me!’’[61]
5- ع، لي: الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ رَعْدٍ الْعَبْشَمِيِ، عَنْ ثُبَيْتِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ الْمِصْرِيِ، عَنْ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فِي أَصْعَبِ مَوْقِفٍ بِصِفِّينَ إِذْ قَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي دُودَانَ فَقَالَ: مَا بَالُ قَوْمِكُمْ دَفَعُوكُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ، وَ أَنْتُمُ الْأَعْلَوْنَ نَسَباً، وَ أَشَدُّ نَوْطاً بِالرَّسُولِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، وَ فَهْماً بِالْكِتَابِ وَ السُّنَّةِ؟!
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Al Husayn Bin Abdullah al Askari, from Ibrahim Bin Ra’ad, from Subeet Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Ahows Al misry, from a group from the people of knowledge,
‘From Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfathers-asws having said: ‘While Amir Al-Momineen-asws was in a difficult pausing in (the battle of) Siffeen, when a man from the clan of Dowdan stood up to him-asws and said, ‘What is the matter your-asws people repelled you-asws from this command, and you-asws were of lofty lineages, and of more intense commitment with the Rasool-Allah-saww, and more understanding with the Book and the Sunnah?!’
فَقَالَ: سَأَلْتَ يَا أَخَا بَنِي دُودَانَ وَ لَكَ حَقُّ الْمَسْأَلَةِ وَ ذِمَامُ الصِّهْرِ، وَ إِنَّكَ لَقَلِقُ الْوَضِينِ تُرْسِلُ عَنْ ذِي مَسَدٍ، إِنَّهَا امْرَأَةٌ شَحَّتْ عَلَيْهَا نُفُوسُ قَوْمٍ وَ سَخَتْ عَنْهَا نُفُوسُ آخَرِينَ، وَ نِعْمَ الْحَكَمُ اللَّهُ، فَدَعْ عَنْكَ نَهْباً صِيحَ فِي حَجَرَاتِهِ، وَ هَلُمَّ الْخَطْبَ فِي ابْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، فَلَقَدْ أَضْحَكَنِي الدَّهْرُ بَعْدَ إِبْكَائِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘You asked, O brother of Dowdan, for you have a right of the questioning, and nearness of the kin, and your girth is loose and you have done it in the wrong way. It (caliphate) was a woman the souls of a people coveted upon her and the souls of others relinquished from her, and the best Judge is Allah-azwj. So, leave from you the hue and cry in its chamber, and give the sermon regarding the son of Abu Sufyan, so the time has made me-asws laugh after making me-asws cry.
| وَ لَا غَرْوَ إِلَّا جَارَتِي وَ سُؤَالُهَا | أَلَا هَلْ لَنَا أَهْلٌ سَأَلَتْ كَذَلِكَ |
And there is no wonder except my-asws neighbour and her question, ‘Are there no people for us?’ She asked like that.
بِئْسَ الْقَوْمُ مَنْ خَفَضَنِي وَ حَاوَلُوا الْإِدْهَانَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ، فَإِنْ تُرْفَعْ عَنَّا مِحَنُ الْبَلْوَى أَحْمِلْهُمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ عَلَى مَحْضِهِ، وَ إِنْ تَكُنِ الْأُخْرَى فَلا تَأْسَ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْفاسِقِينَ، إِلَيْكَ عَنِّي يَا أَخِى بَنِي سِيدَانَ.
Evil are the people, one who belittled me-asws and they surrounded me-asws with the humiliation in the Religion of Allah-azwj, so if the afflictions are raised from us, I-asws shall carry them upon the pure truth, and if the other happens, do not grieve upon the Kafir people [5:68]. (Take it) to you, from me-asws, O brother of clan of Saydan’’.[62]
6- نهج: وَ مِنْ كَلَامٍ لَهُ (ع) لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ وَ قَدْ سَأَلَهُ: كَيْفَ دَفَعَكُمْ قَوْمُكُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الْمَقَامِ وَ أَنْتُمْ أَحَقُّ بِهِ؟
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – And from a speech of his-asws of one of his-asws companions, and he has asked him-asws, ‘How come your-asws people repelled you from this position, and you-asws were more rightful with it?’
فَقَالَ: يَا أَخَا بَنِي أَسَدٍ! إِنَّكَ لَقَلِقُ الْوَضِينِ تُرْسِلُ فِي غَيْرِ سَدَدٍ، وَ لَكَ بَعْدُ ذِمَامَةُ الصِّهْرِ وَ حَقُّ الْمَسْأَلَةِ، وَ قَدِ اسْتَعْلَمْتَ فَاعْلَمْ: أَمَّا الِاسْتِبْدَادُ عَلَيْنَا بِهَذَا الْمَقَامِ وَ نَحْنُ الْأَعْلَوْنَ نَسَباً، وَ الْأَشَّدُّ بِالرَّسُولِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ نَوْطاً، فَإِنَّهَا كَانَتْ أَثَرَةً شَحَّتْ عَلَيْهَا نُفُوسُ قَوْمٍ وَ سَخَتْ عَنْهَا نُفُوسُ آخَرِينَ، وَ الْحَكَمُ اللَّهُ، وَ الْمَعْوَدُ إِلَيْهِ الْقِيَامَةُ
He-asws said: ‘O brother of the clan of Asad! Your girth is loose and you have done it in the wrong way, and for you after the kinship and right of the question, and you have enquired, so know! As for the enslavement upon us-asws with this position, and although we-asws are of loftier lineage, and stronger in relationship with the Rasool-Allah-saww, it was a misappropriation, the souls of some people were greedy upon it, and souls of others relinquished it, and the Judgment is for Allah-azwj, and the appoint to Him-azwj is the (Day) of Qiyamah.
..: وَ دَعْ عَنْكَ نَهْباً صِيحَ فِي حَجَرَاتِهِ .. وَ هَلُمَّ الْخَطْبَ فِي ابْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَلَقَدْ أَضْحَكَنِي الدَّهْرُ بَعْدَ إِبْكَائِهِ، وَ لَا غَرْوَ وَ اللَّهِ، فَيَا لَهُ خَطْباً يَسْتَفْرِغُ الْعُجْبَ وَ يُكْثِرُ الْأَوَدَ!
And leave from you the hue and cry in its chamber, and give the address regarding the son of Abu Sufyan, for the times have made me-asws laugh after making me-asws cry. And there is no wonder, by Allah-azwj, what is this affair which surpasses all wonder and which has increased in wrongfulness!
حَاوَلَ الْقَوْمُ إِطْفَاءَ نُورِ اللَّهِ مِنْ مِصْبَاحِهِ، وَ سَدَّ فَوَّارِهِ مِنْ يَنْبُوعِهِ، وَ جَدَحُوا بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُمْ شِرْباً وَبِيئاً، فَإِنْ يَرْتَفِعْ عَنَّا وَ عَنْهُمْ مِحَنُ الْبَلْوَى، أَحْمِلْهُمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ عَلَى مَحْضِهِ، وَ إِنْ تَكُنِ الْأُخْرَى، فَلا تَذْهَبْ نَفْسُكَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَسَراتٍ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِما يَصْنَعُونَ.
The people surrounded in extinguishing the Noor of Allah-azwj from its lantern, and to block the fountain from its spring, and they mingled the epidemic (producing) water between me-asws and them. So, if the Trials of the afflictions were to be raised from us-asws and them, I-asws shall carry them upon the purify of the truth, and if the other happens, your soul should not go to regret upon them. Surely, Allah is a Knower of what they are doing [35:8]’’.[63]
7- قل: حَكَى أَبُو هِلَالٍ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ الْأَوَائِلِ عِنْدَ ذِكْرِ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ التَّيِّهَانِ: إِنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ ضَرَبَ عَلَى يَدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي ابْتِدَاءِ أَمْرِ نُبُوَّتِهِ.
(The book) ‘Iqbaal Al Amaal’ – Abu Hilal Al Askari has related in the book ‘Al Awaail’ at the mention of Abu Al Haysam Bin Al Tayhan,
‘He (Ali-asws) was the first one to strike upon a hand of Rasool-Allah-saww (for allegiance) in the beginning of the matter of his-saww Prophet-hood’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ- بِإِسْنَادِهِ-: إِنَّ أَبَا الْهَيْثَمِ قَامَ خَطِيباً بَيْنَ يَدَيْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ حَسَدَ قُرَيْشٍ إِيَّاكَ عَلَى وَجْهَيْنِ: أَمَّا خِيَارُهُمْ، فَتَمَنَّوْا أَنْ يَكُونُوا مِثْلَكَ مُنَافَسَةً فِي الْمَلَإِ وَ ارْتِفَاعِ الدَّرَجَةِ،
Then he said, by his chain, ‘Abu Al-Haysam stood to address in front of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. He said, ‘The envy of Quraysh against you-asws is upon two perspectives – As for their elites, they wished that the like of you-asws, being of high rank, would happen to be competing (debating) in the assemblies;
وَ أَمَّا شِرَارُهُمْ، فَحَسَدُوا حَسَداً أَثْقَلَ الْقُلُوبَ وَ أَحْبَطَ الْأَعْمَالَ، وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمْ رَأَوْا عَلَيْكَ نِعْمَةً قَدَّمَهَا إِلَيْكَ الْحَظُّ وَ أَخَّرَهُمْ عَنْهَا الْحِرْمَانُ، فَلَمْ يَرْضَوْا أَنْ يَلْحَقُوا حَتَّى طَلَبُوا أَنْ يَسْبِقُوكَ،
And as for their evil ones, they envied with an envy of heavy hearts, and confiscation of the deeds, and that is because they saw the bounties of the share upon you-asws, having preceded to you-asws, and their being deprived from it. So, they were not pleased that they catch up (with you-asws) until they sought to precede you-asws.
فَبَعُدَتْ- وَ اللَّهِ- عَلَيْهِمُ الْغَايَةُ، وَ قُطِعَتِ الْمِضْمَارُ، فَلَمَّا تَقَدَّمْتَهُمْ بِالسَّبْقِ وَ عَجَزُوا عَنِ اللَّحَاقِ بَلَغُوا مِنْكَ مَا رَأَيْتَ، وَ كُنْتَ- وَ اللَّهِ- أَحَقَّ قُرَيْشٍ بِشُكْرِ قُرَيْشٍ، نَصَرْتَ نَبِيَّهُمْ حَيّاً، وَ قَضَيْتَ عَنْهُ الْحُقُوقَ مَيِّتاً،
By Allah-azwj! The peak was remote from them, and the aspirations were cut off. When you-asws preceded them with the precedence, and they were frustrated from the catching up, they reached from you-asws what you can see, and by Allah-azwj, you-asws were the most rightful of Quraysh with being thanked for by Quraysh. You-asws helped their Prophet-saww when he-saww was alive, and you-asws fulfilled the rights on his-saww behalf when he-saww had passed away.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا بَغْيُهُمْ إِلَّا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ، وَ لَا نَكَثُوا إِلَّا بَيْعَةَ اللَّهِ، يَدُ اللَّهِ فَوْقَ أَيْدِيهِمْ فِيهَا، وَ نَحْنُ مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَيْدِينَا وَ أَلْسِنَتُنَا مَعَكَ، فَأَيْدِينَا عَلَى مَنْ شَهِدَ وَ أَلْسِنَتُنَا عَلَى مَنْ غَابَ.
By Allah-azwj! Their rebellion wasn’t except against themselves, nor did they break except the allegiance of Allah-azwj: the Hand of Allah being Above their hands. [48:10] during it, and we, community of the Helpers, our hand and our tongues are with you-asws, so our hands are against the one who is present, and our tongues are against the ones who are absent’’. (not a Hadith)
أقول: رَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ فِي شَرْحِ النَّهْجِ: عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَيْفٍ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ، عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ الْجَعْدِ، قَالَ: آكَدُ الْأَسْبَابِ كَانَ فِي تَقَاعُدِ الْعَرَبِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَمْرُ الْمَالِ، فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُفَضِّلُ شَرِيفاً عَلَى مَشْرُوفٍ، وَ لَا عَرَبِيّاً عَلَى عَجَمِيٍّ، وَ لَا يُصَانِعُ الرُّؤَسَاءَ وَ أُمَرَاءَ الْقَبَائِلِ كَمَا يَصْنَعُ الْمُلُوكُ، وَ لَا يَسْتَمِيلُ أَحَداً إِلَى نَفْسِهِ، وَ كَانَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بِخِلَافِ ذَلِكَ،
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by Abi Al Hadeed in the commentary of the Nahj (Al Balagah), from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Sayf Al Madainy, from Fuzeyl Bin Al Ja’ad who said,
‘I can confirm the reasons which were regarding the Arabs sitting back from Amir Al-Momineen-asws, was a matter of wealth, for he-asws did not happen to give preference to a nobleman over the ignoble, nor an Arab over the non-Arab, nor did he-asws behave with the chief and leaders of the tribes just as one would behave with the kings, nor did he-asws allure anyone to himself-asws, and Muawiya was opposite to that.
فَتَرَكَ النَّاسُ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ الْتَحَقُوا بِمُعَاوِيَةَ، فَشَكَا عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِلَى الْأَشْتَرِ تَخَاذُلَ أَصْحَابِهِ وَ فِرَارَ بَعْضِهِمْ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ، فَقَالَ الْأَشْتَرُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! إِنَّا قَاتَلْنَا أَهْلَ الْبَصْرَةِ بِأَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ وَ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ وَ رَأْيُ النَّاسِ وَاحِدٌ، وَ قَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا بَعْدُ وَ تَعَادَوْا وَ ضَعُفَتِ النِّيَّةُ وَ قَلَّ الْعَدَدُ،
So, the people left Ali-asws, and they joined up with Muawiya. Ali-asws complained to (Maalik) Al-Ashtar of the abandonment of his-asws companions, and the fleeing of some of them to Muawiya. Al-Ashtar said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! We fought the people of Al-Basra with the people of Al-Basra and the people of Al-Kufa, and the opinion of the people is one, and they have differed afterwards, and they repeated, and are of weak intentions, and small number.
وَ أَنْتَ تَأْخُذُهُمْ بِالْعَدْلِ، وَ تَعْمَلُ فِيهِمْ بِالْحَقِّ، وَ تُنْصِفُ لِلْوَضِيعِ مِنَ الشَّرِيفِ، فَلَيْسَ لِلشَّرِيفِ عِنْدَكَ فَضْلُ مَنْزِلَةٍ، فَضَجَّتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِمَّنْ تَبِعَكَ مِنَ الْحَقِّ إِذْ عَمَوْا بِهِ وَ اغْتَمُّوا مِنَ الْحَقِ إِذْ صَارُوا فِيهِ، وَ رَأَوْا صَنَائِعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْغَنَاءِ وَ الشَّرَفِ،
And you-asws are seizing them with the justice, and you-asws are dealing among them with the truth, and you-asws are being fair for the lowly from the noble, so there isn’t any merit of the status of the noble in your-asws presence. Thus, a group of the one who follow you-asws clamoured from the truth when they were generalised with it, and they were dejected from the truth when they came to be in it, and they saw the behaviours of Muawiya in the presence of the right and the noble.
فَتَاقَتْ أَنْفُسُ النَّاسِ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا، وَ قَلَّ مَنْ لَيْسَ لِلدُّنْيَا، وَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ يَجْتَوِي الْحَقَّ وَ يَشْتَرِي الْبَاطِلَ، وَ يُؤْثِرُ الدُّنْيَا، فَإِنْ تَبْذُلِ الْمَالَ- يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ- تَمِلْ إِلَيْكَ أَعْنَاقُ الرِّجَالِ وَ تَصْفُو نَصِيحَتُهُمْ، وَ يَسْتَخْلِصُ وُدُّهُمْ لَكَ
The souls of the people turned towards the world, and few are the ones who aren’t for the world, and most of them abhorred the truth and they bought the falsehood, and preferred the world. Thus, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws, if you-asws were to replace the wealth, the neck of the men would incline towards you-asws, and they would be clean of their advice, and their cordiality would be sincere to you-asws.
يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! وَ كُبِتَ أَعْدَاؤُكَ، وَ فُضَ جَمْعُهُمْ، وَ أُوْهِنَ كَيْدُهُمْ، وَ شُتِّتَ أُمُورُهُمْ، إِنَّهُ بِما يَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ
O Amir Al-Momineen! And you-asws wrestled your-asws enemies, and broke up their groups, and weakened their plots, and divided their affairs, He is Aware of what they are doing [11:111]’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنْ عِلْمِنَا وَ سِيرَتِنَا بِالْعَدْلِ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: مَنْ عَمِلَ صالِحاً فَلِنَفْسِهِ وَ مَنْ أَساءَ فَعَلَيْها وَ ما رَبُّكَ بِظَلَّامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ،
Ali-asws said: ‘As for what you mentioned of our-asws knowledge (actions), and our-asws ways with the justice, so Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: One who acts righteously, so it is for himself, and one who does evil, so it would be against him, and your Lord is not the least unjust to the servants [41:46].
وَ أَمَّا [أَنَا] مِنْ أَنْ أَكُونَ مُقَصِّراً فِيمَا ذَكَرْتَ أَخْوَفُ. وَ أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنْ أَنَّ الْحَقَّ ثَقِيلٌ عَلَيْهِمْ فَفَارَقُوا بِذَلِكَ، فَقَدْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُفَارِقُونَا مِنْ جَوْرٍ وَ لَا لَجَئُوا إِذْ فَارَقُونَا إِلَى عِدْلٍ، وَ لَمْ يَلْتَمِسُوا إِلَّا دُنْيَا زَائِلَةً عَنْهُمْ كَانَ قَدْ فَارَقُوهَا، وَ لَيُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ: أَ لِلدُّنْيَا أَرَادُوا أَمْ لِلَّهِ عَمِلُوا؟.
And as for I-asws being deficient regarding what you mentioned, I-asws am fearing. And as for what you mentioned that the truth is heavy upon them, therefore they separated due to that, so Allah-azwj has Known that they did not separated from us-asws out of tyranny, nor seeking shelter when they separated from us-asws to justice, and they did not seek (anything) except the world going away from them, which had separate (from them), and they would be questioned on the Day of Qiyamah: ‘Is it for the world they wanted, or worked for the Sake of Allah-azwj?
وَ أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنْ بَذْلِ الْأَمْوَالِ وَ اصْطِنَاعِ الرِّجَالِ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَسَعُنَا أَنْ نُؤْتِيَ امْرَأً مِنَ الْفَيْءِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ حَقِّهِ، وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ قَوْلُهُ الْحَقُّ: كَمْ مِنْ فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةً بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ
And as for what you mention from disbursement of the wealth and the affectation of the men, surely there is no leeway for us that we give a person from the ‘Fey’ war booty, more that his right, and Allah-azwj the Glorious has Said, and His-azwj Word is the truth: How many times a small group has overcome a numerous group by the Permission of Allah, and Allah is with the patient ones [2:249].
وَ قَدْ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَحْدَهُ، وَ كَثَّرَهُ بَعْدَ الْقِلَّةِ، وَ أَعَزَّ فِئَتَهُ بَعْدَ الذِّلَّةِ، وَ إِنْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُوَلِّيَنَا هَذَا الْأَمْرَ يُذَلِّلْ لَنَا صَعْبَهُ، وَ يُسَهِّلْ لَنَا حَزْنَهُ، وَ أَنَا قَابِلٌ مِنْ رَأْيِكَ مَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رِضًى، وَ أَنْتَ مِنْ آمَنِ النَّاسِ عِنْدِي، وَ أَنْصَحِهِمْ لِي، وَ أَوْثَقِهِمْ فِي نَفْسِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
And Allah-azwj had Sent Muhammad-saww alone, and Multiplied for him-saww after the few (small number), and Made his-saww party honourable after the humiliation, and if Allah-azwj had Wanted, He-azwj would have Made us-asws to be in charge of the command, Humbling its difficulties for us-asws, and Ease its grief for us-asws, and I accept from your opinion of whatever was the Pleasure of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and you are from the most secure of the people in my-asws presence, and most advising of them to me-asws, and the most reliable of them regarding myself-asws, if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.
وَ رَوَى أَيْضاً فِي الْكِتَابِ الْمَذْكُورِ، عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ لِعَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! لَوْ أَمَرْتَ لِي بِمَعُونَةٍ أَوْ نَفَقَةٍ! فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا لِي نَفَقَةٌ إِلَّا أَنْ أَبِيعَ دَابَّتِي.
And it is reported as well in the mentioned book, from Haroun Bin Sa’ad who said,
‘Abdullah son of Ja’far-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws said to Ali-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! If you-asws could order the aid for me or expense money! By Allah-azwj, there is no money for me except if I were to sell my riding animal’.
فَقَالَ: لَا وَ اللَّهِ، مَا أَجِدُ لَكَ شَيْئاً إِلَّا أَنْ تَأْمُرَ عَمَّكَ يَسْرِقُ فَيُعْطِيكَ.
He-asws said: ‘No, by Allah-azwj! I-asws do not find anything to be for you except if you are instructing your uncle-asws with theft, so he-asws can give it to you’’.[64]
8- ما: جَمَاعَةٌ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ النَّحْوِيِّ، عَنِ الْخَلِيلِ بْنِ أَسَدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ النَّحْوِيُّ- وَ كَانَ عُثْمَانِيّاً- قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلْخَلِيلِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ: أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَتَكْتُمُهَا عَلَيَّ؟ قَالَ: إِنَّ قَوْلَكَ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ الْجَوَابَ أَغْلَظُ مِنَ السُّؤَالِ، فَتَكْتُمُهُ أَنْتَ أَيْضاً؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ أَيَّامَ حَيَاتِكَ. قَالَ: سَلْ.
(The book) ‘Amaali’ of sheikh Tusi – From Abu Al Mufazzal, from Muhammad Bin Al Abbas Al Nahwy, from Al Khaleel Bin Asad, from Muhammad Bin Sallam who said,
‘I said to Al-Khaleel Bin Ahmad, ‘I want to ask you about an issue, will you conceal it for me?’ He said, ‘If your words point upon that the answer could be harsher than the question, will you conceal it as well?’ He said, ‘I said, ‘Yes, for the (rest of the) days of your life’. He said, ‘Ask’.
قَالَ: مَا بَالُ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ رَحِمِهِمْ كَأَنَّهُمْ كُلَّهُمْ بَنُو أُمٍّ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ كَأَنَّهُ ابْنُ عَلَّةٍ؟. قَالَ: مِنْ أَيْنَ لَكَ هَذَا السُّؤَالُ؟.
He said, ‘What is the matter the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww, it is as if all of them as sons of one mother, and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws from between them as if he-asws is a son of a different mother?’ He said, ‘Where did you get this question for you?’
قَالَ: قُلْتُ: قَدْ وَعَدْتَنِي الْجَوَابَ. قَالَ: قَدْ ضَمِنْتَ لِيَ الْكِتْمَانَ. قَالَ: قُلْتُ أَيَّامَ حَيَاتِكَ.
He said, ‘I said, ‘You have promised me the answer’. He said, ‘You have guaranteed the concealment to me’. He said, ‘I said, ‘For the days of your life’.
فَقَالَ: إِنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ تَقَدَّمَهُمْ إِسْلَاماً وَ فَاقَهُمْ عِلْماً، وَ بَذَّهُمْ شَرَفاً، وَ رَجَّحَهُمْ زُهْداً، وَ طَالَهُمْ جِهَاداً، فَحَسَدُوهُ، وَ النَّاسُ إِلَى أَشْكَالِهِمْ وَ أَشْبَاهِهِمْ أَمْيَلُ مِنْهُمْ إِلَى مَنْ بَانَ مِنْهُمْ، فَافْهَمْ.
He said, ‘Ali-asws preceded them in Islam, and ‘He-asws preceded them in Islam, and defeated them in knowledge, and surpassed them in nobility, and outbalanced them in ascetism, prolonged them of Jihad. So, they envied him-asws, and the people inclined to their shape and their resemblance. From them they inclined to one who had been away from them, so understand’’.[65]
15- باب شكاية أمير المؤمنين صلوات اللَّه عليه عمّن تقدّمه
CHAPTER 15 – COMPLAINT OF AMIR AL-MOMINEEN-asws ABOUT THE ONES WHO PRECEDED HIM-asws
1- مع، ع: مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ، عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: ذَكَرْتُ الْخِلَافَةَ عِنْدَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، فَقَالَ: وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ تَقَمَّصَهَا أَخُو تَيْمٍ وَ إِنَّهُ لَيَعْلَمُ أَنَّ مَحَلِّي مِنْهَا مَحَلُّ الْقُطْبِ مِنَ الرَّحَى، يَنْحَدِرُ عَنِّي السَّيْلُ وَ لَا يَرْقَى إِلَيَّ الطَّيْرُ،
(The book) ‘Ma’ani Al-Akhbar’ – Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from aban Bin Usman, from Aban Bin Taglib, from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘The caliphate was mentioned in the presence of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! The brother of Taym (Abu Bakr) wore it (caliphate) and although he knew that my-asws place in it was the place of the handle from the mill. The torrent flowed down from me-asws nor did the bird rise to me-asws.
فَسَدَلْتُ دُونَهَا ثَوْباً، وَ طَوَيْتُ عَنْهَا كَشْحاً، وَ طَفِقْتُ أَرْتَئِي بَيْنَ أَنْ أَصُولَ بِيَدٍ جَذَّاءَ أَوْ أَصْبِرَ عَلَى طَخْيَةٍ عَمْيَاءَ، يَشِيبُ فِيهَا الصَّغِيرُ، وَ يَهْرَمُ فِيهَا الْكَبِيرُ، وَ يَكْدَحُ فِيهَا مُؤْمِنٌ حَتَّى يَلْقَى رَبَّهُ،
I-asws donned a garment other than it, and I-asws folded away from it like a robe, and I-asws began my-asws white flag between my-asws praying Salat with the hand of surrender, or be patient upon the clouds of blindness, the young ones became grey-haired during it, and the old ones became enfeebled, and the Momin toiled during it until he met his Lord-azwj.
فَرَأَيْتُ أَنَّ الصَّبْرَ عَلَى هاتى [هَاتَا] أَحْجَى، فَصَبَرْتُ وَ فِي الْقَلْبِ قَذًا، وَ فِي الْحَلْقِ شَجًا، أَرَى تُرَاثِي نَهْباً، حَتَّى إِذَا مَضَى الْأَوَّلُ لِسَبِيلِهِ فَأَدْلَى بِهَا إِلَى فُلَانٍ بَعْدَهُ، عَقَدَهَا لِأَخِي عَدِيٍّ بَعْدَهُ، فَيَا عَجَباً بَيْنَا هُوَ يَسْتَقِيلُهَا فِي حَيَاتِهِ إِذْ عَقَدَهَا الآخر [لِآخَرَ] بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ،
I-asws viewed that the patience is upon the two arguments, so I-asws observed patience, and in the heart there was a speck, and in the throat there was a scratch. I-asws saw my-asws inheritance being looted to the extent that when the first one (Abu Bakr) passed away to his way, he spoke with it to be for so and so (Umar) after him. He tied with for the brother of Uday (Umar). Oh how strange, while he accepted it during his lifetime, then he tied it for the other one after his death.
فَصَيَّرَهَا وَ اللَّهِ فِي حَوْزَةٍ خَشْنَاءَ، يَخْشُنُ مَسُّهَا، وَ يَغْلُظُ كَلْمُهَا، وَ يَكْثُرُ الْعِثَارُ فِيهَا وَ الِاعْتِذَارُ مِنْهَا، فَصَاحِبُهَا كَرَاكِبِ الصَّعْبَةِ، إِنْ عَنَّفَ بِهَا حَرَنَ وَ إِنْ أَسْلَسَ بِهَا غَسَقَ،
By Allah-azwj he made it come to be in a harsh grasp, coarse of touching it, and harsh were the words, and the stumbling(s) were frequent during it, and so were the excuses from it. He accompanied it like a difficult passenger, if one is violent with him, he becomes unruly, and if one is easy with him, he darkens (dulls).
فَمُنِيَ النَّاسُ- لَعَمْرُ اللَّهِ- بِخَبْطٍ وَ شِمَاسٍ، وَ تَلَوُّنٍ وَ اعْتِرَاضٍ، وَ بَلْوَى وَ هُوَ مَعَ هَنٍ وَ هُنَيٍّ، فَصَبَرْتُ عَلَى طُولِ الْمُدَّةِ وَ شِدَّةِ الْمِحْنَةِ، حَتَّى إِذَا مَضَى لِسَبِيلِهِ جَعَلَهَا فِي جَمَاعَةٍ زَعَمَ أَنِّي مِنْهُمْ،
The people hoped for the Command of Allah-azwj, with the knocking down and the contempt, and the staining and the objections, and the heavy blows, and it was with the welcoming and the pleasantries. I-asws was patient upon the long period and the difficult test until when he (Umar) passed to his way, he made it (caliphate) to be in a group, claiming that I-asws was from them.
فَيَا لَلَّهِ وَ لِلشُّورَى! مَتَى اعْتَرَضَ الرَّيْبُ فِيَّ مَعَ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى صِرْتُ أُقْرَنُ إِلَى هَذِهِ النَّظَائِرِ؟
Oh Allah-azwj! What have I-asws to do with the consultation, when the suspicions regarding me-asws were objected with the first of them until I-asws became paired to these adversaries?
فَمَالَ رَجُلٌ بِضَبْعِهِ، وَ أَصْغَى آخَرُ لِصِهْرِهِ، وَ قَامَ ثَالِثُ الْقَوْمِ نَافِجاً حِضْنَيْهِ بَيْنَ نَشِيلِهِ وَ مُعْتَلَفِهِ، وَ قَامُوا مَعَهُ بني [بَنُو] أَبِيهِ يَخْضَمُونَ مَالَ اللَّهِ خَضْمَ الْإِبِلِ نَبْتَ الرَّبِيعِ، حَتَّى أَجْهَزَ عَلَيْهِ عَمَلُهُ، وَ كَسَبَتْ بِهِ مَطِيَّتُهُ،
One man inclined his place of death, and the other one listened to his brother-in-law, and a third of the people stood up boasting of his breed between his thick ones and his confused ones, and they stood with him, the clan of his father, devouring the wealth of Allah-azwj like the devouring of the camel of the vegetation of Al Rabie, until his deed was finished upon him, and he earned his enjoyment with it.
فَمَا رَاعَنِي إِلَّا وَ النَّاسُ إِلَيَّ كَعُرْفِ الضَّبُعِ قَدِ انْثَالُوا عَلَيَّ مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ، حَتَّى لَقَدْ وُطِئَ الْحَسَنَانِ، وَ شُقَّ عِطْفَايَ، حَتَّى إِذَا نَهَضْتُ بِالْأَمْرِ نَكَثَتْ طَائِفَةٌ، وَ فَسَقَتْ أُخْرَى، وَ مَرَقَ آخَرُونَ،
Nothing scared me-asws except and the people were like a herd of hyenas towards me-asws, pouring upon me-asws from every side, until they trampled Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws and tore my-asws shirt buttons, until when I-asws understood the command, a group broke (the allegiance), and another transgressed, and the others reneged.
كَأَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَسْمَعُوا اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: تِلْكَ الدَّارُ الْآخِرَةُ نَجْعَلُها لِلَّذِينَ لا يُرِيدُونَ عُلُوًّا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ لا فَساداً وَ الْعاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ، بَلَى وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ سَمِعُوهَا وَ وَعَوْهَا لَكِنِ احْلَوْلَتِ الدُّنْيَا فِي أَعْيُنِهِمْ، وَ رَاقَهُمْ زِبْرِجُهَا،
It is as if they had not listened to Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Saying: That is the House of the Hereafter. We Make it to be for those who are not wanting to exalt themselves in the land nor make mischief, and the end-result is for the pious [28:83]. Yes, by Allah-azwj, they had heard it and retained it, but the world was sweetened in their eyes, and they were pleased with its vanities.
وَ الَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَ بَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ لَوْ لَا حُضُورُ الْحَاضِرِ وَ قِيَامُ الْحُجَّةِ بِوُجُودِ النَّاصِرِ، وَ مَا أَخَذَ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْعُلَمَاءِ أَنْ لَا يَقِرُّوا عَلَى كِظَّةِ ظَالِمٍ وَ لَا سَغَبِ مَظْلُومٍ، لَأَلْقَيْتُ حَبْلَهَا عَلَى غَارِبِهَا، وَ لَسَقَيْتُ آخِرَهَا بِكَأْسِ أَوَّلِهَا،
By the One-azwj Who Split the seed and Formed the person! If the ones present had not been present, and the proof not been established by the existence of the helpers, and what Allah-azwj has Taken upon the scholars that they do not accept an injustice of the unjust nor the suffering of the oppressed, I-asws would have laid down its reins upon its strangers, and would have quenched their last ones with a cup of their first ones.
وَ لَأَلْفَيْتُمْ دُنْيَاكُمْ هَذِهِ عِنْدِي أَزْهَدَ مِنْ خَبْقَةِ عَنْزٍ .. وَ نَاوَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّوَادِ كِتَاباً فَقَطَعَ كَلَامَهُ وَ تَنَاوَلَ الْكِتَابَ،
And I-asws do not find this world of yours in my-asws presence, more renouncing that a fart of a goat, and a man from the people of the multitude gave it a letter, and his speech was cut off and the letter was taken’.
فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! لَوْ أَطْرَدْتَ مَقَالَتَكَ إِلَى حَيْثُ بَلَغَتْ؟!
I said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! If you-asws could broadcast your-asws words to wherever it can reach?!’
فَقَالَ: هَيْهَاتَ هَيْهَاتَ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، تِلْكَ شِقْشِقَةٌ هَدَرَتْ
He-asws said: ‘Far be it! Far be it, O Ibn Abbas! That was a ‘Shaqshaqiya’ (foam of the mouth of a camel) which had rolled down’.
ثُمَّ قَرَّتْ .. فَمَا أَسِفْتُ عَلَى كَلَامٍ قَطُّ كَأَسَفِي عَلَى كَلَامِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِذْ لَمْ يَبْلُغْ حَيْثُ أَرَادَ.
Then I calmed down, and I did not feel sorry upon any speech at all like my being sorry upon the speech of Amir Al-Momineen-asws when it could not be delivered to where I wanted’’.[66]
2- مع، ع: الطَّالَقَانِيُّ، عَنِ الْجَلُودِيِّ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَمَّارِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ الْحِمَّانِيِّ، عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ رَاشِدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُذَيْفَةَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مِثْلَهُ.
(The books) ‘Ma’ani Al Akhbar’ (and) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Al Talaqani, from Al Jaloudy, from Ahmad Bin Ammar Bin Khalid, from Yahya Bin Abdul Hameed Al Himmani, from Isa Bin Rashid, from Ali Bin Huzeyfa, from Ikrima, from Ibn Abbas – similar to it.[67]
3 ما: الْحَفَّارُ، عَنْ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ الدِّعْبِلِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَخِي دِعْبِلٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَلَامَةَ الشَّامِيِّ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ، وَ الْبَاقِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: ذَكَرْتُ الْخِلَافَةَ عِنْدَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ: وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ تَقَمَّصَهَا ابْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ .. وَ ذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ بِأَدْنَى تَغْيِيرٍ.
(The book) ‘Amaali’ of sheykh Tusi – Al Haffar, from Abu Al Qasim Al deobaly, from his father, from his brother Deobel, from Muhammad Bin Salama Al Shamy, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far Al-Baqir-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws, and Al-Baqir-asws, from Ibn Abbas who said, ‘The caliphate was mentioned in the presence of Amir Al-Momineen-asws. He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! Ibn Abi Quhafa had worn it (caliphate)’ – and he mentioned approximate to it with small changes’’.[68]
شا: رَوَى جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَهْلِ النَّقْلِ مِنْ طُرُقٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِالرَّحَبَةِ فَذَكَرْتُ الْخِلَافَةَ وَ تَقْدِيمَ مَنْ تَقَدَّمَ عَلَيْهِ، فَتَنَفَّسَ الصُّعَدَاءَ ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَمَ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ تَقَمَّصَهَا ابْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ. و ساق الخبر إلى آخره.
(The book) ‘Al Irshad’ of sheykh Al Mufeed – A group, from the people of transmission, from different ways, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘I was in the presence of Amir Al-Momineen-asws at Al-Rahba, and the caliphate was mentioned, and the preceding of the ones who preceded to it (caliphate). He-asws breathed a sigh of relief, then said: ‘By Allah-azwj! Ibn Abi Quhafa (Abu Bakr) had worn it’ – and continued the Hadeeth up to its end’’.[69]
و في رواية الشيخ رحمه اللَّه: فعقدها و اللَّه في ناحية خشناء، يخشن مسّها- و في بعض النسخ: يخشى مسّها-، و يغلظ كلمها، و يكثر العثار و الاعتذار فيها، صاحبها منها كراكب الصعبة إن شنق لها حزم، و إن أسلس لها عصفت به.
And in a report of the sheykh, ‘By Allah-azwj he made it come to be in a harsh grasp, coarse of touching it’, – and in one of the copies: ‘Coarse was its touch’, ‘and harsh were the words, and the stumbling(s) were frequent during it, and so were the excuses from it. He accompanied it like a difficult passenger, if one is violent with him, he becomes unruly, and if one is easy with him, he darkens (dulls)’’.
وَ رَوَى أَنَّهُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ كَانَ يَوْمَئِذٍ جَالِساً مُحْتَبِياً- وَ هِيَ جِلْسَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ الْمُسَمَّاةُ بِالْقُرْفُصَاءِ- فَاجْتَمَعُوا لِيُبَايِعُوهُ زَاحَمُوا حَتَّى وَطِئُوا إِبْهَامَيْهِ، وَ شَقُّوا ذَيْلَهُ.
And it is reported that he-asws, on that day, was seated amicably, and it is a sitting (posture) of Rasool-Allah-saww, named as ‘the squatting’. They gathered to pledge allegiance to him-asws, crowing to the extent that they trod on his-asws toe, and tore his-asws clothes. [70]
6- شف: مِنْ كِتَابِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الطَّبَرِيِّ الْمَعْرُوفِ بِالْخَلِيلِيِّ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ الخماني [الْحِمَّانِيِ]، عَنْ مُخَوَّلِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: كُنْتُ أَتَتَبَّعُ غَضَبَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِذَا ذَكَرَ شَيْئاً أَوْ هَاجَهُ خَبَرٌ،
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Yaqeen’ – From the book of Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Tabari, well known as Al Khaleeli, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Sa’alba Al Khamani, from Mukhawwal Bin Ibrahim, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘Ibn Abbas said, ‘I was following the anger of Amir Al-Momineen-asws whenever something was mentioned, of some news agitated him-asws.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ بَعْضُ شِيعَتِهِ مِنَ الشَّامِ يَذْكُرُ فِي كِتَابِهِ أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ وَ عُتْبَةَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ عُقْبَةَ وَ مَرْوَانَ اجْتَمَعُوا عِنْدَ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَذَكَرُوا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَعَابُوهُ وَ أَلْقَوْا فِي أَفْوَاهِ النَّاسِ أَنَّهُ يَنْتَقِصُ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ يَذْكُرُ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ مَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ،
One day it so happened that one of his-asws Shias from Syria wrote to him-asws mentioned in his letter that Muawiya, and Amro Bin Al-Aas, and Utba Bin Abu Sufyan, and Al-Waleed Bin Uqba, and Marwan had gathered in the presence of Muawiya, and they mentioned Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and they faulted him-asws, and cast into the mouths of the people that he-asws was reducing the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww, and mentioning each one of them what he was rightful of.
وَ ذَلِكَ لَمَّا أَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ بِالانْتِظَارِ لَهُ بِالنُّخَيْلَةِ فَدَخَلُوا الْكُوفَةَ فَتَرَكُوهُ، فَغَلَظَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ جَاءَ هَذَا الْخَبَرُ فَأَتَيْتُهُ بَابَهُ فِي اللَّيْلِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا قَنْبَرُ! أَيُّ شَيْءٍ خَبَرُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ؟ قَالَ: هُوَ نَائِمٌ،
And that was when he-asws had ordered his-asws companions with awaiting him-asws at Al-Nukheyla. They entered Al-Kufa and neglected him-asws. That was harsh upon him-asws, and this news came. I came to his-asws door at night and said, ‘O Qanbar! What is the news of Amir Al-Momineen-asws?’ He said, ‘He-asws is sleeping’.
فَسَمِعَ كَلَامِي. فَقَالَ (ع): مَنْ هَذَا؟ قَالَ: ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. قَالَ: ادْخُلْ!
He-asws heard my talk, so he-asws said: ‘Who is this?’ I said, ‘Ibn Abbas, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws!’ He-asws said: ‘Enter’.
فَدَخَلْتُ، فَإِذَا هُوَ قَاعِدٌ نَاحِيَةً عَنْ فِرَاشِهِ فِي ثَوْبٍ جَالِسٌ كَهَيْئَةِ الْمَهْمُومِ، فَقُلْتُ: مَا لَكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اللَّيْلَةَ؟.
I entered and there he-asws was in a corner upon his-asws bed in a cloth, seated like he-asws was dejected. I said, ‘What is the matter with you-asws tonight, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws?’
فَقَالَ: وَيْحَكَ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! وَ كَيْفَ تَنَامُ عَيْنَا قَلْبٍ مَشْغُولٍ، يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! مَلِكُ جَوَارِحِكَ قَلْبُكَ فَإِذَا أَرْهَبَهُ أَمْرٌ طَارَ النَّوْمُ عَنْهُ، هَا أَنَا ذَا كَمَا تَرَى مُذْ أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ اعْتَرَانِي الْفِكْرُ وَ السَّهَرُ لِمَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ نَقْضِ عَهْدِ أَوَّلِ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ الْمُقَدَّرِ عَلَيْهَا نَقْضُ عَهْدِهَا،
Woe be unto you, O Ibn Abbas! And how can the eyes sleep when the heart is busy! The king of your limbs is your heart. So when a matter dreads him, the sleep flies off from him. Here I-asws am that, just as you see, since the first night, the thoughts and vigil presented to me-asws due to what has proceeded from the breaking of the first community, the Pre-determined upon it of the breaking of its covenant.
إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَمَرَ مَنْ أَمَرَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ بِالسَّلَامِ عَلَيَّ فِي حَيَاتِهِ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَكُنْتُ أُؤَكِّدُ أَنْ أَكُونَ كَذَلِكَ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ.
Rasool-Allah-saww had ordered the ones from his-saww companions he-saww had ordered with the greeting unto me-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’, so it was confirmed that I-asws would happen to be like that after his-saww passing away.
يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! أَنَا أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالنَّاسِ بَعْدَهُ وَ لَكِنْ أُمُورٌ اجْتَمَعَتْ عَلَى رَغْبَةِ النَّاسِ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ أَمْرِهَا وَ نَهْيِهَا وَ صَرْفِ قُلُوبِ أَهْلِهَا عَنِّي، وَ أَصْلُ ذَلِكَ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي كِتَابِهِ: أَمْ يَحْسُدُونَ النَّاسَ عَلى ما آتاهُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ فَقَدْ آتَيْنا آلَ إِبْراهِيمَ الْكِتابَ وَ الْحِكْمَةَ وَ آتَيْناهُمْ مُلْكاً عَظِيماً،
O Ibn Abbas! I-asws am foremost of the people with the people after him-saww, but the matters gathered upon the people desiring the world and its instructions, and its forbiddances, and the hearts of its people turned away from me-asws, and the origin of that is what Allah-azwj the Exalted Said in His-azwj Book: Or are they envying the people upon what Allah has Given them from His Grace? So We have Given the Progeny of Ibrahim, the Book and the Wisdom, and have Given them a grand kingdom [4:54].
فَلَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ ثَوَابٌ وَ لَا عِقَابٌ لَكَانَ بِتَبْلِيغِ الرَّسُولِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فُرِضَ عَلَى النَّاسِ اتِّبَاعُهُ، وَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: ما آتاكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَ ما نَهاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوا، أَ تَرَاهُمْ نُهُوا عَنِّي فَأَطَاعُوهُ!
So if there neither happens to be Reward nor Punishment, the delivery of the Rasool-saww would have been Obligated upon the people to follow it. And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: And whatever the Rasool gives you, then take it, and whatever he forbids you from, then refrain [59:7]. Do you see them having been forbidden from me-asws, so they are following him-saww?!
وَ الَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَ بَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ وَ غَدَا بِرُوحِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ لَقَدْ قُرِنْتُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ حَيْثُ يَقُولُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً،
By the One-azwj Who Split the seed and Formed the person! And the soul of Abu Al-Qasim-saww has gone to the Paradise, and I-asws had been paired with Rasool-Allah-saww where the Mighty and Majestic is Saying: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33].
وَ لَقَدْ طَالَ- يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ- فِكْرِي وَ هَمِّي وَ تَجَرُّعِي غُصَّةً بَعْدَ غُصَّةٍ لِأَمْرٍ أَوْ قَوْمٍ عَلَى مَعَا صِي اللَّهِ وَ حَاجَتُهُمْ إِلَيَّ فِي حُكْمِ الْحَلَالِ وَ الْحَرَامِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَاهُمْ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا أَظْهَرُوا الْغِنَى عَنِّي،
And it has been prolonged, O Ibn Abbas, my-asws thinking, and my-asws gloom, and my-asws heartbreak after heartbreak, to the matter of a people disobeying Allah-azwj and their being needy to me-asws regarding the judgment of the Permissible(s) and the Prohibition, until when I-asws give them (something) from the world, they are manifesting the needlessness from me-asws.
كَأَنْ لَمْ يَسْمَعُوا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: وَ لَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَ إِلى أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنْبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ. وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمُوا أَنَّهُمُ احْتَاجُوا إِلَيَّ وَ لَقَدْ غَنِيتُ عَنْهُمْ أَمْ عَلى قُلُوبٍ أَقْفالُها
It is as if they have not heard Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Saying: and if they had referred it to the Rasool and to the (Divine) Authority from them they would have known it, those who can extract it; [4:83]. And they have known that they are needy to me-asws, and I-asws have been needless from them: or are there locks upon (their) hearts [47:24].
فَمَضَى مَنْ مَضَى قَالٍ عَلَيَّ بِضِغْنِ الْقُلُوبِ وَ أَوْرَثَهَا الْحِقْدَ عَلَيَّ، وَ مَا ذَاكَ إِلَّا مِنْ أَجْلِ طَاعَتِهِ فِي قَتْلِ الْأَقَارِبِ مُشْرِكِينَ فَامْتَلَوْا غَيْظاً وَ اعْتِرَاضاً، وَ لَوْ صَبَرُوا فِي ذَاتِ اللَّهِ لَكَانَ خَيْراً لَهُمْ،
So, the ones who passed away, passed away talking the hatred upon me-asws and they had inherited the grudges upon me-asws, and what was that except from the reason of obeying Him-azwj in killing the relatives of the Polytheists. They were filled with rage and objections, and had they been patient regarding the Self of Allah-azwj it would have been better for them.
قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: لا تَجِدُ قَوْماً يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ يُوادُّونَ مَنْ حَادَّ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ فَأَبْطَنُوا مِنْ تَرْكِ الرِّضَا بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ، مَا أَوْرَثَهُمُ النِّفَاقَ!، وَ أَلْزَمَهُمْ بِقِلَّةِ الرِّضَا الشَّقَاءَ!
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: You will not find a people believing in Allah and the Last Day befriending ones who oppose Allah and His Rasool, [58:22]. They hid their neglect of their pleasure with the Commands of Allah-azwj, due to hypocrisy they had inherited, and so the wretchedness was necessitated to them due the scarcity of the pleasure!
وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَلا تَعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّما نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدًّا فَالْآنَ- يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ- قُرِنْتُ بِابْنِ آكِلَةِ الْأَكْبَادِ وَ عَمْرٍو وَ عُتْبَةَ وَ الْوَلِيدِ وَ مَرْوَانَ وَ أَتْبَاعِهِمْ،
And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: Therefore, do not be hasty against them, but rather We only Number out a number to them [19:84]. So and so, O Ibn Abbas, was paired with the son of the liver eater, and Amro, and Utba, and Al-Waleed, and Marwan and their followers.
فَمَتَى اخْتَلَجَ فِي صَدْرِي وَ أُلْقِيَ فِي رُوعِي أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ يَنْقَادُ إِلَى دُنْيَا يَكُونُ هَؤُلَاءِ فِيهَا رُؤَسَاءَ يُطَاعُونَ فَهُمْ فِي ذِكْرِ أَوْلِيَاءِ الرَّحْمَنِ يَثْلِبُونَهُمْ وَ يَرْمُونَهُمْ بِعَظَائِمِ الْأُمُورِ مِنْ أنك [إِفْكٍ] مُخْتَلِفٍ، وَ حِقْدٍ قَدْ سَبَقَ وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ الْمُسْتَحْفَظُونَ مِمَّنْ بَقِيَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنَّ عَامَّةَ أَعْدَائِي مِمَّنْ أَجَابَ الشَّيْطَانَ عَلَيَّ وَ زَهَّدَ النَّاسَ فِيَّ، وَ أَطَاعَ هَوَاهُ فِيمَا يَضُرُّهُ فِي آخِرَتِهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْغِنَى، وَ هُوَ الْمُوفِّقُ لِلرَّشَادِ وَ السَّدَادِ.
When there was a shivering in my-asws chest and dread was cast into me-asws that the matter is leading to the world, they happening to be chiefs being obeyed in it, in mentioned the friends of the Beneficent, slandering them and accusing them with the grievous matters from blatant lies and different things, and grudges had preceded, and the preservers were well known, from the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww, that the generality of them are my-asws enemies, from the one who answered the Satan-la against me-asws, and the abstention of the people regarding me-asws, and obeyed his whims in what harmed him in his Hereafter; and by Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, the Needless, and he is in need of the rightful guidance and the instructions.
يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! وَيْلٌ لِمَنْ ظَلَمَنِي، وَ دَفَعَ حَقِّي، وَ أَذْهَبَ عَظِيمَ مَنْزِلَتِي، أَيْنَ كَانُوا أُولَئِكَ وَ أَنَا أُصَلِّي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ صَغِيراً لَمْ يُكْتَبْ عَلَيَّ صَلَاةٌ وَ هُمْ عَبَدَةُ الْأَوْثَانِ، وَ عُصَاةُ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَ بِهِمْ تُوقَدُ النِّيرَانُ؟!
O Ibn Abbas! Woe be unto the ones who oppressed me-asws, and repelled my-asws rights, and did away with the greatness of my-asws status. Where were they, and I-asws prayed Salat with Rasool-Allah-saww when I-asws was young. Salat had not even been Prescribed upon me-asws, while they were worshipping the idols, and disobeying the Beneficent, and by them the flames would be ignited?!
فَلَمَّا قَرُبَ إِصْعَارُ الْخُدُودِ، وَ إِتْعَاسُ الْجُدُودِ، أَسْلَمُوا كَرْهاً، وَ أَبْطَنُوا غَيْرَ مَا أَظْهَرُوا، طَمَعاً فِي أَنْ يُطْفِؤُا نُورَ اللَّهِ وَ تَرَبَّصُوا انْقِضَاءَ أَمْرِ الرَّسُولِ وَ فَنَاءَ مُدَّتِهِ، لِمَا أَطْمَعُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي قَتْلِهِ، وَ مَشُورَتِهِمْ فِي دَارِ نَدْوَتِهِمْ، قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ مَكَرُوا وَ مَكَرَ اللَّهُ وَ اللَّهُ خَيْرُ الْماكِرِينَ،
When the persistence of the sins drew closer, and the misery of the ancestors, they submitted unwillingly, and they hid other than what they manifested, in coveting to extinguish the Noor of Allah-azwj, and lied in wait for the expiry of the matter (life) of the Rasool-saww and the termination of his-saww term, when their selves had coveted in killing him-saww, and their consultation in the house of their consultation. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And they planned and Allah (also) Planned, and Allah is the best of planners [3:54].
وَ قَالَ: يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُطْفِؤُا نُورَ اللَّهِ بِأَفْواهِهِمْ وَ يَأْبَى اللَّهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يُتِمَّ نُورَهُ وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ
And He-azwj Said: ‘They are intending to extinguish the Light of Allah with their mouths, and Allah Refused except that He would Complete His Light, [9:32] and even if the Polytheists dislike it [9:33].
يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! نَدَبَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي حَيَاتِهِ بِوَحْيٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِمُوَالاتيِ، فَحَمَلَ الْقَوْمُ مَا حَمَلَهُمْ مِمَّا حُقِدَ عَلَى أَبِينَا آدَمَ مِنْ حَسَدِ اللَّعِينِ لَهُ، فَخَرَجَ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ وَ رِضْوَانِهِ، وَ أُلْزِمَ اللَّعْنَةَ لِحَسَدِهِ لِوَلِيِّ اللَّهِ، وَ مَا ذَاكَ بِضَارِّي إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ شَيْئاً.
O Ibn Abbas! Rasool-Allah-saww had called out to them during his-saww lifetime, ordering them with my-asws Wilayah. Grudges carried the people, what envy carried the accursed son of Adam-as to (do), so he-la exited from the Spirit of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Pleasure, and the Curses was necessitated due to his-la envy to the friend of Allah-azwj, and that will not harm me-asws, if Allah-azwj so Desires.
يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! أَرَادَ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ أَنْ يَكُونَ رَأْساً مُطَاعاً يَمِيلُ إِلَيْهِ الدُّنْيَا وَ إِلَى أَقَارِبِهِ فَحَمَلَهُ هَوَاهُ وَ لَذَّةُ دُنْيَاهُ وَ اتِّبَاعُ النَّاسِ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَغْصِبَ مَا جُعِلَ لِي،
O Ibn Abbas! Every man wants to be a chief to be obeyed, the world to incline to him, and to his relatives. So, his (Abu Bakr’s) personal desires carried him, and the pleasures of his world, and the people being obedient to him, and he usurped what was Made (by Allah-azwj) to be for me-asws.
وَ لَوْ لَا اتِّقَايَ عَلَى الثَّقَلِ الْأَصْغَرِ أَنْ يُنْبَذَ فَيَنْقَطِعَ شَجَرَةُ الْعِلْمِ وَ زَهْرَةُ الدُّنْيَا وَ حَبْلُ اللَّهِ الْمَتِينِ، وَ حِصْنُهُ الْأَمِينُ، وَلَدُ رَسُولِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ لَكَانَ طَلَبُ الْمَوْتِ وَ الْخُرُوجِ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَلَذَّ عِنْدِي مِنْ شَرْبَةِ ظَمْآنَ وَ نَوْمِ وَسْنَانَ،
Had it not been for my-asws fear upon the smaller weighty thing (People-asws of the Household) that they-asws would be exterminated, and the tree of knowledge would be cut down, and the blossoms of the world, and the strong rope of Allah-azwj, and His-azwj secure fortress, and children of Rasool-saww of Lord-azwj of the world, seeking the death and the exit to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would have been more pleasurable in my-asws presence than a drink is to the thirsty, and sleep and the slumber.
وَ لَكِنِّي صَبَرْتُ وَ فِي الصَّدْرِ بَلَابِلُ، وَ فِي النَّفْسِ وَسَاوِسُ، فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ وَ اللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعانُ عَلى ما تَصِفُونَ، وَ لَقَدِيماً ظُلِمَ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ، وَ قُتِلَ الْأَوْلِيَاءُ قَدِيماً فِي الْأُمَمِ الْمَاضِيَةِ وَ الْقُرُونِ الْخَالِيَةِ فَتَرَبَّصُوا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ اللَّهُ بِأَمْرِهِ،
But I-asws was patient, and in the chest was grief, and in the soul was concerns, but patience is beautiful, and Allah is the Helper upon what you are describing [12:18]. And from ancient times, the Prophets-as have been oppressed, and the friends (of Allah-azwj) have been killed in the ancient communities, and the centuries of the past, then wait until Allah Comes with his Command; [9:24].
وَ بِاللَّهِ أَحْلِفُ- يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ- إِنَّهُ كَمَا فُتِحَ بِنَا يُخْتَمُ بِنَا، وَ مَا أَقُولُ لَكَ إِلَّا حَقّاً.
And by Allah-azwj I-asws oath, O Ibn Abbas, surely just as it was begun with us-asws, it would end with us-asws, and I-asws am not saying to you except truth.
يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! إِنَّ الظُّلْمَ يَتَّسِقُ لِهَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ وَ يَطُولُ الظُّلْمُ، وَ يَظْهَرُ الْفِسْقُ، وَ تَعْلُو كَلِمَةُ الظَّالِمِينَ، وَ لَقَدْ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ عَلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الدِّينِ أَنْ لَا يُقَارُّوا أَعْدَاءَهُ، بِذَلِكَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ عَلَى لِسَانِ الصَّادِقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ: تَعاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَ التَّقْوى وَ لا تَعاوَنُوا عَلَى الْإِثْمِ وَ الْعُدْوانِ.
O Ibn Abbas! The injustice is the regularity of this community, and the injustice is prolonged, and the mischief appeared, and the word of the oppressors was higher, and Allah-azwj had Taken (Covenant) upon the friends of the Religion that they declare His-azwj enemies. With that Allah-azwj Commanded in His-azwj Book upon the tongue of the truthful Rasool-Allah-saww. He-azwj Said: and assist each other upon the righteousness and the piety; and do not assist each other upon the sin and the aggression, and fear Allah; surely Allah is severe of the Punishment [5:2].
يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! ذَهَبَ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ فَلَا تَرَى نَبِيّاً، وَ الْأَوْصِيَاءُ وَرَثَتُهُمْ، عَنْهُمْ أَخَذُوا عِلْمَ الْكِتَابِ، وَ تَحْقِيقَ الْأَسْبَابِ، قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ كَيْفَ تَكْفُرُونَ وَ أَنْتُمْ تُتْلى عَلَيْكُمْ آياتُ اللَّهِ وَ فِيكُمْ رَسُولُهُ،
O Ibn Abbas! The Prophets-as are gone so you cannot see any Prophet-as (now), and the successors-as inherited them-as. They-as took the knowledge of the Book from them-as and the investigation of the reasons. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: But how can you be disbelieving and you are those upon whom the Verses of Allah are recited and among you is His Rasool? [3:101].
فَلَا يَزَالُ الرَّسُولُ بَاقِياً مَا نَفِدَتْ [مَا نَفَذَتْ] أَحْكَامُهُ، وَ عُمِلَ بِسُنَّتِهِ، وَ دَارُوا حَوْلَ أَمْرِهِ وَ نَهْيِهِ،
So, the Rasool-saww did not cease to remain for was long as His-azwj Commands were not depleted, and his-saww Sunnah was acted upon, and they circled around his-saww orders and his-saww prohibitions.
وَ بِاللَّهِ أَحْلِفُ- يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ لَقَدْ نُبِذَ الْكِتَابُ، وَ تُرِكَ قَوْلُ الرَّسُولِ إِلَّا مَا لَا يُطِيقُونَ تَرْكَهُ مِنْ حَلَالٍ وَ حَرَامٍ، وَ لَمْ يَصْبِرُوا عَلَى كُلِّ أَمْرِ نَبِيِّهِمْ: وَ تِلْكَ الْأَمْثالُ نَضْرِبُها لِلنَّاسِ وَ ما يَعْقِلُها إِلَّا الْعالِمُونَ
And by Allah-azwj I-asws oath, O Ibn Abbas! The Book has been renounced and the words of the Rasool-saww have been neglected, except what they could not tolerate leaving it, from the Permissibles and the Prohibitions, and they were not patient upon every instruction of their Prophet-saww: And these examples, We Strike these for the people, and none understand these except for the learned ones [29:43].
أَ فَحَسِبْتُمْ أَنَّما خَلَقْناكُمْ عَبَثاً وَ أَنَّكُمْ إِلَيْنا لا تُرْجَعُونَ، فَبَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمُ الْمَرْجِعُ إِلَى اللَّهِ: وَ سَيَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا أَيَّ مُنْقَلَبٍ يَنْقَلِبُونَ.
Did you reckon that rather We had Created you in vain and that you would not be returning to Us?” [23:115]. So, between us and them is the returning to Allah-azwj: And they shall come to know, those who are being unjust, which overturning they would be Overturned with [26:227].
يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! عَامِلِ اللَّهَ فِي سِرِّهِ وَ عَلَانِيَتِهِ تَكُنْ مِنَ الْفَائِزِينَ، وَ دَعْ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ هَواهُ وَ كانَ أَمْرُهُ فُرُطاً، وَ يُحْسِبُ مُعَاوِيَةَ مَا عَمِلَ وَ مَا يُعْمَلُ بِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ، وَ لْيُمِدَّهُ ابْنُ الْعَاصِ فِي غَيِّهِ، فَكَأَنَّ عُمُرَهُ قَدِ انْقَضَى، وَ كَيْدَهُ قَدْ هَوَى، وَ سَيَعْلَمُ الْكَافِرُ لِمَنْ عُقْبَى الدَّارِ
O Ibn Abbas! Work for Allah-azwj in the secret and openly, you will become from the successful ones, and leave the one obeying his own desires, and his matter would always be neglected [18:28]. And Muawiya reckons what he is doing, and what will be done from after him, and let Ibn Al-Aas extend in his error, it is as if his life was been terminated, and his plots have collapsed, and soon the Kafir will come to know for whom is the end-result of the (eternal) abode [13:42]’.
وَ أَذَّنَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ فَقَالَ: الصَّلَاةَ! يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ لَا تَفُتْ، أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ لِي وَ لَكَ وَ حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ، وَ لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ.
And the Muezzin proclaimed the Azaan. He-asws said, ‘The Salat! O Ibn Abbas, do not lose it. I-asws shall seek Forgiveness of Allah-azwj for me-asws and for you: ‘Allah is Sufficient for us and the most excellent Protector’ [3:173], and there is neither any might nor strength except with Allah-azwj the Exalted the Magnificent’.
قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: فَغَمَّنِي انْقِطَاعُ اللَّيْلِ وَ تَلَهَّفْتُ عَلَى ذَهَابِهِ.
Ibn Abbas said, ‘The termination of the night made me gloomy, and I regretted upon its going away’’.[71]
7- شا: رَوَى الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْعَبْدِيُّ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ، عَنْ رِجَالِهِ قَالَ: قَالُوا: سَمِعْنَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ: مَا رَأَيْتُ مُنْذُ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ رَخَاءً، وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ، وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ خِفْتُ صَغِيراً وَ جَاهَدْتُ كَبِيراً، أُقَاتِلُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ أُعَادِي الْمُنَافِقِينَ حَتَّى قَبَضَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ
(The book) ‘Irshad’ of sheykh Al Mufeed – It is reported by Al Abbas Bin Abdullah Al Abady, from Amro Bin Shimr, from his men who said,
‘We heard Amir Al-Momineen-asws saying: ‘I-asws have seen any ease since Allah-azwj Sent Muhammad-saww, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj. By Allah-azwj! I-asws feared (Allah-azwj) when young, and fought when older. I-asws fought the Polytheists and my-asws enemies, the hypocrites until Allah-azwj Caused His-azwj Prophet-saww to pass away.
فَكَانَتِ الطَّامَّةُ الْكُبْرَى فَلَمْ أَزَلْ حَذِراً رَجُلًا أَخَافُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَا لَا يَسَعُنِي مَعَهُ الْمُقَامُ، فَلَمْ أَرَ- بِحَمْدِ اللَّهِ- إِلَّا خَيْراً،
So the great catastrophe occurred. I-asws did not cease to be cautious of a man I-asws feared that there would happen what there would be no leeway for me the staying with him. I-asws did not see except good, by the Praise of Allah-azwj.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا زِلْتُ أَضْرِبُ بِسَيْفِي صَبِيّاً حَتَّى صِرْتُ شَيْخاً، وَ إِنَّهُ لَيُصَبِّرُنِي عَلَى مَا أَنَا فِيهِ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ فِي اللَّهِ، وَ أَنَا أَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ الرَّوْحُ عَاجِلًا قَرِيباً، فَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَسْبَابَهُ.
By Allah-azwj! I-asws did not cease striking with my-asws sword as a child until I-asws became an old man, and it made me-asws patient upon what I-asws was in. Allah-azwj that was for the Sake of Allah-azwj, and I-asws hope that the rest would be hastened, near, for I-asws have seen its causes’.
قَالُوا: فَمَا بَقِيَ بَعْدَ هَذِهِ الْمَقَالَةِ إِلَّا يَسِيراً حَتَّى أُصِيبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ.
They said, ‘So, he-asws did not remain after this talk except a little, until he-asws was killed’’.[72]
8- شا: رَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ الْغَنَوِيُّ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مَنْ شَهِدَ عَلِيّاً بِالرَّحَبَةِ يَخْطُبُ، فَقَالَ فِيمَا قَالَ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! إِنَّكُمْ قَدْ أَبَيْتُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ أَقُولَ! أَمَا وَ رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ لَقَدْ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ خَلِيلِي أَنَّ الْأُمَّةَ سَتَغْدِرُ بِكَ.
(The book) ‘Irshad’ of Sheykh Al Mufeed’ – It is reported by Abdullah Bin Bukeyr Al Ganawy, from Hakeem Bin Jubeyr who said,
‘It is narrated to us by the one who witnessed Ali-asws addressing at Al-Rahba. He-asws said among what he-asws said: ‘O you people! You have refused except that I-asws should be saying (it)! But, by the Lord-azwj of the skies and the earth! My-asws friend-saww had pacted to me-asws: ‘The community would be treacherous with you-asws’’.[73]
9- شا: رَوَى نَقَلَةُ الْآثَارِ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي أَسَدٍ وَقَفَ عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (ع)! الْعَجَبُ مِنْكُمْ يَا بَنِي هَاشِمٍ، كَيْفَ عَدَلَ هَذَا الْأَمْرُ عَنْكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمُ الْأَعْلَوْنَ نَسَباً وَ نَوْطاً بِالرَّسُولِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، وَ فَهْماً لِلْكِتَابِ؟!.
(The book) ‘Irshad’ of sheykh Al-Mufeed’ – It is transmitted by the transmitters of the Hadeeth that a man from the clan of Asad paused at Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws and said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! The wonder from you all, O Clan of Hashim-as, how the command was turned away from you-asws and you-asws were of higher lineage, and attributed with Rasool-Allah-saww, and understanding of the Book?!’
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: يَا ابْنَ دُودَانَ! إِنَّكَ لَقَلِقُ الْوَضِينِ، ضَيِّقُ الْمَخْزَمِ، تُرْسِلُ مِنْ غَيْرِ ذِي مَسَدٍ، لَكَ ذِمَامَةُ الصِّهْرِ وَ حَقُّ الْمَسْأَلَةِ، وَ قَدِ اسْتَعْلَمْتَ فَاعْلَمْ، كَانَتْ أَثَرَةٌ سَخَتْ بِهَا نُفُوسُ قَوْمٍ وَ شَحَّتْ عَلَيْهَا نُفُوسُ آخَرِينَ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘O Ibn Dawdan! Your girth is loose and you have done it in the wrong way, and for you after the kinship and right of the question, and you have enquired, so know! It was an impact the souls of some people were greedy upon it, and souls of others relinquished it.
| (فَدَعْ عَنْكَ نَهْباً صِيحَ فِي حَجَرَاتِهِ) |
وَ هَلُمَّ الْخَطْبَ فِي أَمْرِ ابْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، فَلَقَدْ أَضْحَكَنِي الدَّهْرُ بَعْدَ إِبْكَائِهِ،
So, leave from you the hue and cry in its chamber, and give the address regarding the matter of the son of Abu Sufyan, for the time has made me-asws laugh after making me-asws cry.
وَ لَا غَرْوَ، بِئْسَ الْقَوْمُ- وَ اللَّهِ- مَنْ خَفَّضَنِي و هيني وَ حَاوَلُوا الْإِدْهَانَ فِي ذَاتِ اللَّهِ، هَيْهَاتَ ذَلِكَ مِنِّي! فَإِنْ تَنْحَسِرْ عَنَّا مِحَنُ الْبَلْوَى أَحْمِلْهُمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ عَلَى مَحْضِهِ، وَ إِنْ تَكُنِ الْأُخْرَى فَلا تَذْهَبْ نَفْسُكَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَسَراتٍ وَ لا تَأْسَ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْفاسِقِينَ.
And there is no wonder. By Allah-azwj! Evil are the people who lowered me-asws and weakened me-asws, and they surrounded me-asws with the humiliation in the Self of Allah-azwj. Far be it, that being from me-asws! So if the afflictions are raised from us, I-asws shall carry them upon the pure truth, and if the other happens, your soul should not go to regret upon them. [35:8], and do not grieve upon the Kafir people [5:68]’’.[74]
10- د: فِي كِتَابِ الْإِرْشَادِ لِكَيْفِيَّةِ الطَّلَبِ فِي أَئِمَّةِ الْعِبَادِ تَصْنِيفِ مُحَمَّدِ ابْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ، قَالَ: وَ قَدْ كَفَانَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ الْمَئُونَةَ فِي خُطْبَةٍ خَطَبَهَا، أَوْدَعَهَا مِنَ الْبَيَانِ وَ الْبُرْهَانِ مَا يُجْلِي الْغِشَاوَةَ عَنْ أَبْصَارِ مُتَأَمِّلِيهِ، وَ الْعَمَى عَنْ عُيُونِ مُتَدَبِّرِيهِ، وَ حَلَّيْنَا هَذَا الْكِتَابَ بِهَا لِيَزْدَادَ الْمُسْتَرْشِدُونَ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ بَصِيرَةً، وَ هِيَ مِنَّةُ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ عَلَيْنَا وَ عَلَيْهِمْ يَجِبُ شُكْرُهَا ..
(The book) ‘Al-Iddat Al-Qawiya’, in the book ‘Al Irshad Li Kayfiya Fi Aimma Al Ibaad’ – authored bu Muhammad Ibn Al Hassan Al Saffar who said,
‘We had been sufficed by Amir Al-Momineen-asws of the provisions in a sermon he-asws had addressed, depositing the explanation and the proof what dazzle the eyes, overcoming, for the contemplators, and the blindness from the springs its management, and we released this book with it in order to increase the insight of the seekers of guidance regarding this matter, and it is a Conferment of Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Praise, upon us, and upon them, obligating its gratefulness.
خَطَبَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ: مَا لَنَا وَ لِقُرَيْشٍ! وَ مَا تُنْكِرُ مِنَّا قُرَيْشٌ غَيْرَ أَنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ شَيَّدَ اللَّهُ فَوْقَ بُنْيَانِهِمْ بُنْيَانَنَا، وَ أَعْلَى فَوْقَ رُءُوسِهِمْ رُءُوسَنَا، وَ اخْتَارَنَا اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ،
He-asws addressed, he-asws said: ‘What is to us-asws and Quraysh! And the Quraysh do not dislike from us-asws apart from that we-asws, People-asws of the Household, Allah-azwj Build our buildings above their buildings, and Raised our-asws heads above their heads, and Allah-azwj Chose us-asws above them.
فَنَقَمُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ أَنِ اخْتَارَنَا عَلَيْهِمْ، وَ سَخِطُوا مَا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ، وَ أَحَبُّوا مَا كَرِهَ اللَّهُ، فَلَمَّا اخْتَارَنَا اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَرِكْنَاهُمْ فِي حَرِيمِنَا، وَ عَرَّفْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَ النُّبُوَّةَ، وَ عَلَّمْنَاهُمُ الْفَرْضَ وَ الدِّينَ، وَ حَفَّظْنَاهُمُ الصُّحُفَ وَ الزُّبُرَ، وَ دَيَّنَّاهُمُ الدِّينَ وَ الْإِسْلَامَ،
They became vindictive to Allah-azwj for Choosing us-asws over them, and they were angered of what Pleased Allah-azwj, and they loved what Allah-azwj Disliked. When Allah-azwj Chose us-asws over them, we-asws participated them in our-asws sanctuary, and we introduced them to the Book and the Prophet-hood, and taught them the Obligations and the Religion, and preserved them the Parchments, and the Psalms, and made them devout in the Religion and Al-Islam.
فَوَثَبُوا عَلَيْنَا، وَ جَحَدُوا فَضْلَنَا، وَ مَنَعُونَا حَقَّنَا، وَ أَلَتُونَا أَسْبَابَ أَعْمَالِنَا وَ أَعْلَامِنَا،
They leapt upon us-asws, and they rejected our-asws merits, and prevented us-asws of our-asws rights, and twisted the causes of our-asws works and our-asws knowledge.
اللَّهُمَّ فَإِنِّي أَسْتَعْدِيكَ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَخُذْ لِي بِحَقِّي مِنْهَا، وَ لَا تَدَعْ مَظْلِمَتِي لَدَيْهَا، وَ طَالِبْهُمْ- يَا رَبِّ- بِحَقِّي، فَإِنَّكَ الْحَكَمُ الْعَدْلُ،
O Allah-azwj! I-asws seek Your-azwj Assistance against Quraysh, so Take my-asws rights for me-asws from it (them), and do not Leave any injustice to me-asws from them, and O Lord-azwj, Demand them of my-asws rights, for You-azwj are the Just Judge.
فَإِنَّ قُرَيْشاً صَغَّرَتْ عَظِيمَ أَمْرِي، وَ اسْتَحَلَّتِ الْمَحَارِمَ مِنِّي، وَ اسْتَخَفَّتْ بِعِرْضِي وَ عَشِيرَتِي، وَ قَهَرَتْنِي عَلَى مِيرَاثِي مِنِ ابْنِ عَمِّي وَ أَغْرَوْا بِي أَعْدَائِي، وَ وَتَرُوا بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ الْعَرَبِ وَ الْعَجَمِ، وَ سَلَبُونِي مَا مَهَّدْتُ لِنَفْسِي مِنْ لَدُنْ صِبَايَ بِجُهْدِي وَ كَدِّي، وَ مَنَعُونِي مَا خَلَّفَهُ أَخِي وَ جِسْمِي وَ شَقِيقِي،
Quraysh belittle the magnificence of my-asws matter, and permitted the prohibition from me-asws, and took my-asws honour and my-asws kindred lightly, and forced me-asws upon my-asws inheritance from the son-saww of my-asws uncle-as, and they enticed my-asws enemies against me-asws, and aroused tensions between me-asws and the Arabs and the non-Arabs, and they stripped me-asws of what I-asws had paved for myself-asws for my-asws two sons-asws with my-asws efforts and my-asws toil, and they prevented me-asws of what my-asws brother-saww and intimate and double had left behind for me-asws.
وَ قَالُوا: إِنَّكَ لَحَرِيصٌ مُتَّهَمٌ! أَ لَيْسَ بِنَا اهْتَدَوْا مِنْ مَتَاهِ الْكُفْرِ، وَ مِنْ عَمَى الضَّلَالَةِ وَ عِيِ الظَّلْمَاءِ، أَ لَيْسَ أَنْقَذْتُهُمْ مِنَ الْفِتْنَةِ الصَّمَّاءِ، وَ الْمِحْنَةِ الْعَمْيَاءِ؟
And they said, ‘You-asws are eager to their deaths!’ Weren’t they guided through us-asws from the spread of Kufr, and from the blindness of the straying, and from the confusion of the darkness? Didn’t I-asws save them from the deafening Fitna (strife) and the tribulations of the blindness?
وَيْلَهُمْ! أَ لَمْ أُخَلِّصْهُمْ مِنْ نِيرَانِ الطُّغَاةِ، وَ كَرَّةِ الْعُتَاةِ، وَ سُيُوفِ الْبُغَاةِ، وَ وَطْأَةِ الْأَسَدِ، وَ مُقَارَعَةِ الطَّمَاطِمَةِ، وَ مُمَاحَكَةِ الْقَمَاقِمَةِ، الَّذِينَ كَانُوا عُجْمَ الْعَرَبِ، وَ غُنْمَ الْحُرُوبِ، وَ قُطْبَ الْإِقْدَامِ، وَ جِبَالَ الْقِتَالِ، وَ سِهَامَ الْخُطُوبِ، وَ سَلَّ السُّيُوفِ،
Woe be unto them! Did I-asws no finish them off from the fires of the tyrants, and return of the hardened (criminals), and the rebellious swords, and the brunt of the lion, and settled the quarrels, and the stubborn wrangling which had thrusted the Arabs, and ignited the wars, and pivoted the advancing, and the mountains of battles, and the arrows of the sermons, and unsheathed the swords.
أَ لَيْسَ بِي كَانَ يَقْطَعُ الدُّرُوعَ الدِّلَاصَ، وَ تَصْطَلِمُ الرِّجَالَ الْحِرَاصَ، وَ بِي كَانَ يَفْرِي جَمَاجِمَ الْبُهَمَ، وَ هَامَ الْأَبْطَالِ، إِذَا فَزِعَتْ تَيْمٌ إِلَى الْفِرَارِ، وَ عَدِيٌّ إِلَى الِانْتِكَاصِ؟!
Wasn’t it by me-asws the shields were softened, and the men clashed with the guards, and by me-asws the skulls of the beasts fled, and (so did) the important heroes, when Taym (Abu Bakr) panicked to the fleeing, and Uday (Umar) to the retreating?!
أَمَا وَ إِنِّي لَوْ أَسْلَمْتُ قُرَيْشاً لِلْمَنَايَا وَ الْحُتُوفِ، وَ تَرَكْتُهَا فَحَصَدَتْهَا سُيُوفُ الْغَوَانِمِ، وَ وَطَأَتْهَا خُيُولُ الْأَعَاجِمِ، وَ كَرَّاتُ الْأَعَادِي، وَ حَمَلَاتُ الْأَعَالِي، وَ طَحَنَتْهُمْ سَنَابِكُ الْصَافِنَاتِ، وَ حَوَافِرُ الصَّاهِلَاتِ، فِي مَوَاقِفِ الْأَزْلِ وَ الْهَزْلِ فِي ظِلَالِ الْأَعِنَّةِ وَ بَرِيقِ الْأَسِنَّةِ، مَا بَقُوا لِهَضْمِي، وَ لَا عَاشُوا لِظُلْمِي،
But, and if I-asws had submitted to Quraysh, to the afflictions and the reckoning, and left them, (even) the swords of the sheep would have cut them down, and the cavalry of the non-Arabs would have trampled them, and the returning enemies, and the high attacks, the snapping of well-bred horses would have crushed them, and the engraved hooves, in the smallest of the pausing(s), and they would have been humiliated in the shade of the Persians. They would not have remained to devour me-asws nor lived to oppress me-asws.
وَ لَمَا قَالُوا: إِنَّكَ لَحَرِيصٌ مُتَّهَمٌ! الْيَوْمَ نَتَوَاقَفُ عَلَى حُدُودِ الْحَقِّ وَ الْبَاطِلِ، اللَّهُمَ افْتَحْ بَيْنَنا وَ بَيْنَ قَوْمِنا بِالْحَقِ، فَإِنِّي مَهَّدْتُ مِهَادَ نُبُوَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، وَ رَفَعْتُ أَعْلَامَ دِينِكَ، وَ أَعْلَنْتُ مَنَارَ رَسُولِكَ، فَوَثَبُوا عَلَيَّ وَ غَالَبُونِي وَ نَالُونِي وَ وَاتَرُونِي ..
And when they said, ‘You-asws are eager to their deaths!’ Today we stop at the limits of the truth and the falsehood. ‘Our Lord! Decide between us and our people with the Truth, [7:89]. I-asws paved the spread of the Prophet-hood of Muhammad-saww, and raised the flags of Your-azwj Religion, and proclaimed the minarets of Your-azwj Rasool-saww, but they leapt upon me-asws and overcame me-asws, and devoured me-asws, and were persistent with me-asws’.
فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو حَازِمٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (ع)! أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ ظَلَمَاكَ؟ أَ حَقَّكَ أَخَذَا؟ وَ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ مَضَيَا؟ أَ عَلَى حَقٍّ كَانَا؟ أَ عَلَى صَوَابٍ أَقَامَا؟ أَمْ مِيرَاثَكَ غَصَبَا؟
Hazim Al-Ansari stood up to him-asws and said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Abu Bakr and Umar oppressed you-asws? They took your-asws rights? And they went upon the falsehood? Were they not upon the truth? Did they not stand upon the correctness? Or did they usurp your-asws inheritance?
أَفْهِمْنَا لِنَعْلَمَ بَاطِلَهُمْ مِنْ حَقِّكَ؟ أَوْ نَعْلَمَ حَقَّهُمَا مِنْ حَقِّكَ؟ أَ بَزَّاكَ أَمْرَكَ؟ أَمْ غَصَبَاكَ إِمَامَتَكَ؟ أَمْ غَالَبَاكَ فِيهَا عَزّاً؟ أَمْ سَبَقَاكَ إِلَيْهَا عِجْلًا فَجَرَتِ الْفِتْنَةُ وَ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ مِنْهَا اسْتِقْلَالًا؟! فَإِنَّ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارَ يَظُنَّانِ أَنَّهُمَا كَانَا عَلَى حَقٍّ وَ عَلَى الْحُجَّةِ الْوَاضِحَةِ مَضَيَا.
Can you make us understand so we can know of their falsehood from your-asws truth? Or we can know of their truth from your-asws truth? Did they overcome your-asws command? Or did they usurp your-asws Imamate? Or did they overcome you-asws of an honour during it? Or did they precede you-asws to it with a calf, so the Fitna flowed, and you-asws were not able from it independently?! The Emigrants and the Helpers, we are thinking they were upon truth and they passed upon the clear proof’.
فَقَالَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ: يَا أَخَا الْيَمَنِ! لَا بِحَقٍّ أَخَذَا، وَ لَا عَلَى إِصَابَةٍ أَقَامَا، وَ لَا عَلَى دِيْنٍ مَضَيَا، وَ لَا عَلَى فِتْنَةٍ خَشِيَا، يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ، الْيَوْمَ نَتَوَاقَفُ عَلَى حُدُودِ الْحَقِّ وَ الْبَاطِلِ! أَ تَعْلَمُونَ- يَا إِخْوَانِي- أَنَّ بَنِي يَعْقُوبَ عَلَى حَقٍّ وَ مَحَجَّةٍ كَانُوا حِينَ بَاعُوا أَخَاهُمْ، وَ عَقُّوا أَبَاهُمْ، وَ خَانُوا خَالِقَهُمْ، وَ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ؟!. فَقَالُوا: لَا.
He-asws said: ‘O brother of Al-Yemen! They neither took it by a right, nor stood upon the correctness, nor with they pass upon a Religion, nor were they afraid of Fitna (strife). May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you! Today we pause upon the limitation of the truth and the falsehood! Do you know, O my-asws brothers, that the sons of Yaqoub-as that were they upon a right? and upon an argument they were when they had sold their brother-as, but had been disloyal to their father-as, and they betrayed their Creator, and they were unjust to themselves?’ They said, ‘No’.
فَقَالَ: رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ، أَ يَعْلَمُ إِخْوَانُكَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَنَّ ابْنَ آدَمَ- قَاتِلَ الْأَخِ- كَانَ عَلَى حَقٍّ وَ مَحَجَّةٍ وَ إِصَابَةٍ وَ أَمْرَهُ مِنْ رِضَى اللَّهِ؟. فَقَالُوا: لَا.
He-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you! Do these brothers of yours know that the son-la of Adam-as, killer of the brother-as, was upon a right and a goal, and correct, and his-la matter was from Pleasure of Allah-azwj?’ They said, ‘No’.
فَقَالَ: أَ وَ لَيْسَ كُلٌّ فَعَلَ بِصَاحِبِهِ مَا فَعَلَ لِحَسَدِهِ إِيَّاهُ وَ عُدْوَانِهِ وَ بَغْضَائِهِ لَهُ؟. فَقَالُوا: نَعَمْ.
He-asws said: ‘Or isn’t every deed a doer did with his companion, what he did, was for his envying him, and being inimical to him and hatred towards him?’ They said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ: وَ كَذَلِكَ فَعَلَا بِي مَا فَعَلَا حَسَداً، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَتُبْ عَلَى وُلْدِ يَعْقُوبَ إِلَّا بَعْدَ اسْتِغْفَارٍ وَ تَوْبَةٍ، وَ إِقْلَاعٍ وَ إِنَابَةٍ، وَ إِقْرَارٍ، وَ لَوْ أَنَّ قُرَيْشاً تَابَتْ إِلَيَّ وَ اعْتَذَرَتْ مِنْ فِعْلِهَا لَاسْتَغْفَرْتُ اللَّهَ لَهَا.
He-asws said: ‘Similar to that was their (Abu Bakr and Umar) doing with me-asws what they did, out of envy. Then He-azwj did not Turn to the sons of Yaqoub-as except after seeking the Forgiveness and repentance, and their uprooting, and deputation, and their acknowledgement, and if Quraysh were to repent to me-asws, and offer excuse from their deeds, I-asws would seek Forgiveness of Allah-azwj for them’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِنَّمَا أُنْطِقُ لَكُمُ الْعَجْمَاءَ ذَاتَ الْبَيَانِ، وَ أُفْصِحُ الْخَرْسَاءَ ذَاتَ الْبُرْهَانِ، لِأَنِّي فَتَحْتُ الْإِسْلَامَ، وَ نَصَرْتُ الدِّينَ، وَ عَزَزْتُ الرَّسُولَ، وَ ثَبَّتُ أَرْكَانَ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَ بَيَّنْتُ أَعْلَامَهُ، وَ عَلَيْتُ مَنَارَهُ، وَ أَعْلَنْتُ أَسْرَارَهُ، وَ أَظْهَرْتُ آثَارَهُ وَ حَالَهُ، وَ صَفَّيْتُ الدَّوْلَةَ، وَ وَطَّئْتُ لِلْمَاشِي وَ الرَّاكِبِ، ثُمَّ قُدْتُهَا صَافِيَةً، عَلَى أَنِّي بِهَا مُسْتَأْثِراً.
Then he-asws said: ‘But rather, I-asws am speaking to you all being tongue-tied with the explanation, and being eloquent to the mute with the proof, because I-asws opened Al-Islam, and helped the Religion, and strengthened the Rasool-saww, and affirmed the cornerstones of Al-Islam, and explained its information, and raised higher its minaret, and I-asws announced its secrets, and manifested its effects and its states, and cleaned up the government, and I-asws treaded the walker (Infantry) and the rider (cavalry), then I-asws cleared it upon that I-asws was agitated with it’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ- بَعْدَ كَلَامٍ-: ثُمَّ سَبَقَنِي إِلَيْهِ التَّيْمِيُّ وَ الْعَدَوِيُّ كَسُبَّاقِ الْفَرَسِ احْتِيَالًا وَ اغْتِيَالًا، وَ خُدْعَةً وَ غَلَبَةً.
Then he-asws said – after some speech: ‘Then then they preceded me-asws to is (caliphate), the taymi (Abu Bakr) and the Adaway (Umar), like two racing horses, fraudulently, assassinating, deceiving, looting’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ- بَعْدَ كَلَامٍ-: الْيَوْمَ أُنْطِقُ الْخَرْسَاءَ ذَاتَ الْبُرْهَانِ، وَ أُفْصِحُ الْعَجْمَاءَ ذَاتَ الْبَيَانِ، فَإِنَّهُ شَارَطَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي كُلِّ مَوْطِنٍ مِنْ مَوَاطِنِ الْحُرُوبِ، وَ صَافَقَنِي عَلَى أَنْ أُحَارِبَ لِلَّهِ وَ أُحَامِيَ لِلَّهِ،
Then he-asws said – after some speech: ‘Today I-asws am speaking to the mute with the proof, and am being eloquent to the tongue-tied with the explanation. Surely, Rasool-Allah-saww stipulated to me-saww during every place from the places of war, and placed condition on me-asws upon that I-asws will only battle for Allah-azwj, and protect for Allah-azwj.
وَ أَنْصُرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ جُهْدِي وَ طَاقَتِي وَ كَدْحِي، وَ كَدِّي، وَ أُحَامِيَ عَنْ حَرِيمِ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَ أَرْفَعَ عَنْ إِطْنَابِ الدِّينِ، وَ أُعِزَّ الْإِسْلَامَ وَ أَهْلَهُ، عَلَى أَنَّ مَا فَتَحْتُ وَ بَيَّنْتُ عَلَيْهِ دَعْوَةَ الرَّسُولِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ قَرَأْتُ فِيهِ الْمَصَاحِفَ، وَ عُبِدَ فِيهِ الرَّحْمَنُ، وَ فُهِمَ بِهِ الْقُرْآنُ،
And I-asws helped Rasool-Allah-saww with my-asws efforts, and my-asws strength, and my-asws exertion, and my-asws toil, and I-asws protected from the Prohibitions of Al-Islam, and I-asws raised the diffusion of the Religion, and strengthened Al-Islam and its people, upon what I-asws opened, and explained upon the call of the Rasool-saww, and the Parchments would be read in it, and the Beneficent would be worshipped in it, and the Quran would be understood in it.
فَلِي إِمَامَتُهُ وَ حَلُّهُ وَ عَقْدُهُ، وَ إِصْدَارُهُ وَ إِيرَادُهُ، وَ لِفَاطِمَةَ فَدَكُ وَ مِمَّا خَلَّفَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ النِّصْفُ، فَسَبَقَانِي إِلَى جَمِيعٍ نِهَايَةَ الْمَيْدَانِ يَوْمَ الرِّهَانِ، وَ مَا شَكَكْتُ فِي الْحَقِّ مُنْذُ رَأَيْتُهُ،
For me-asws is its Imamate, and its solutions and its contracts, and its implementation, and its purpose; and for (Syeda) Fatima-asws is Fadak, and from whatever Rasool-Allah-saww left behind, the half. But they two (Abu Bakr and Umar) preceded me to the entirety of conclusions of the grounds on the day of the race, and I-saww have not complained regarding the right since I-asws saw it.
هَلَكَ قَوْمٌ أُرْجِفُوا عَنِّي أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُوجِسْ مُوسَى فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً ارْتِيَاباً وَ لَا شَكّاً فِيمَا أَتَاهُ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ، وَ لَمْ أَشْكُكْ فِيمَا أَتَانِي مِنْ حَقِّ اللَّهِ، وَ لَا ارْتَبْتُ فِي إِمَامَتِي وَ خِلَافَةِ ابْنِ عَمِّي وَ وَصِيَّةِ الرَّسُولِ،
Destroyed are a people who turned away from me-asws! Musa-as was not annoyed, he-as conceived fear within himself [20:67], being suspicious, and did not complain regarding what he-as had been Given from the Presence of Allah-azwj, and I-asws did not companion regarding what I-asws was Given from the rights of Allah-azwj, nor suspect regarding my-asws Imamate and caliphate of the son-saww of my-asws uncle-as, and bequest of the Rasool-saww.
But rather, I-asws feel pity for the brother-as of Musa-as of the overcoming by the ignorant ones, and the government of straying, and overcoming of the falsehood upon the truth.
وَ إِنَّمَا أَشْفَقَ أَخُو مُوسَى مِنْ غَلَبَةِ الْجُهَّالِ، وَ دُوَلِ الضُّلَّالِ، وَ غَلَبَةِ الْبَاطِلِ عَلَى الْحَقِّ، وَ لَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ: وَ آتِ ذَا الْقُرْبى حَقَّهُ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَاطِمَةَ فَنَحَلَهَا فَدَكَ وَ أَقَامَنِي لِلنَّاسِ عَلَماً وَ إِمَاماً، وَ عَقَدَ لِي وَ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَ أَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ
And when Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: And give to the one with kinship his right, [17:26], Rasool-Allah-saww called (Syeda) Fatima-asws and bestowed her-asws (estate of) Fadak, and nominated me-asws as a flag and Imam-asws for the people, and tied a covenant to me-asws. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: Obey Allah and obey the Rasool and those with (Divine) Authority from you. [4:59].
فَقَاتَلْتُ حَقَّ الْقِتَالِ، وَ صَبَرْتُ حَقَّ الصَّبْرِ، عَلَى أَنَّهُ أَعَزَّ تَيْماً وَ عَدِيّاً عَلَى دِيْنٍ أَتَتْ بِهِ تَيْمٌ وَ عَدِيٌّ، أَمْ عَلَى دِيْنٍ أَتَى بِهِ ابْنُ عَمِّي وَ صِنْوِي وَ جِسْمِي، عَلَى أَنْ أَنْصُرَ تَيْماً وَ عَدِيّاً أَمْ أَنْصُرَ ابْنَ عَمِّي وَ حَقِّي وَ دِينِي وَ إِمَامَتِي؟
So, I-asws fought as was the right of the fighting, and was patient as was right of the patience, upon that I-asws would be strengthening Taym (Abu Bakr) and Aday (Umar) upon a religion (the clan of) Taym and (clan of) Aday had come with, or upon a Religion the son-saww of my-asws uncle-as, my-asws origin, my-asws body had come with, upon that I-asws help Taym (Abu Bakr) and Aday (Umar) or help the son-saww of my-asws uncle-as, and my-asws right, and my-asws Religion, and my-asws Imamate?
وَ إِنَّمَا قُمْتُ تِلْكَ الْمَقَامَاتِ، وَ احْتَمَلْتُ تِلْكَ الشَّدَائِدَ، وَ تَعَرَّضْتُ لِلْحُتُوفِ عَلَى أَنْ يُصِيبَنِي مِنَ الْآخِرَةِ مُوَفَّراً، وَ إِنِّي صَاحِبُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ خَلِيفَتُهُ، وَ إِمَامُ أُمَّتِهِ بَعْدَهُ، وَ صَاحِبُ رَايَتِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ.
And rather I-asws stood in that position, and endured those difficulties, and was exposed to the plots upon that I-asws would be attaining a full measure from the Hereafter, and I-asws am a companion of Muhammad-saww and his-asws caliph, and Imam-asws of his-saww community, and bearer of his-saww flag in the world and the Hereafter.
الْيَوْمَ أَكْشِفُ السَّرِيرَةَ عَنْ حَقِّي، وَ أُجْلِي الْقَذَى عَنْ ظُلَامَتِي، حَتَّى يَظْهَرَ لِأَهْلِ اللُّبِّ وَ الْمَعْرِفَةِ أَنِّي مُذَلَّلٌ مُضْطَهَدٌ مَظْلُومٌ مَغْصُوبٌ مَقْهُورٌ مَحْقُورٌ، وَ أَنَّهُمُ ابْتَزُّوا حَقِّي، وَ اسْتَأْثَرُوا بِمِيرَاثِي!.
Today I-asws shall uncover the secrets about my-asws rights, and polish the dust from what I-asws have been oppressed of, until it appears to the people of the understanding and recognising that I-asws, humiliated, persecuted, oppressed, usurped, coerced, belittled, and they cut off my-asws right and misappropriated my-asws inheritance!
الْيَوْمَ نَتَوَاقَفُ عَلَى حُدُودِ الْحَقِّ وَ الْبَاطِلِ، مَنِ اسْتَوْدَعَ خَائِناً فَقَدْ غَشَّ نَفْسَهُ، مَنِ اسْتَرْعَى ذِئْباً فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ، مَنْ وَلِيَ غَشُوماً فَقَدِ اضْطَهَدَ، هَذَا مَوْقِفُ صِدْقٍ، وَ مَقَامٌ أَنْطِقُ فِيهِ بِحَقِّي، وَ أَكْشِفُ السِّتْرَ وَ الْغُمَّةَ عَنْ ظُلَامَتِي!
Today, we shall be harmonised upon the limits of the truth and the falsehood. One who commends a betrayer, so he had deceived himself; one who pastures a wolf had been unjust; one who placed a tyrant as a ruler would be persecuted. This is a pausing of truthfulness, and positing I-asws shall speak in it for my-asws rights, and uncover the veil and the cloud from what I-asws have been oppressed of!
يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ! أَيْنَ كَانَتْ سِبْقَةُ تَيْمٍ وَ عَدِيٍّ إِلَى سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ خَوْفُ الْفِتْنَةِ؟!
O community of the fighters, the Emigrants and the Helpers! Where was the precedence of Taym (Abu Bakr) and Aday (Umar) to the tent (Saqeefa) of the clan of Saeeda the fear of Fitna (strife)?
أَلَا كَانَتْ يَوْمَ الْأَبْوَاءِ إِذْ تكانفت [تَكَاثَفَتِ] الصُّفُوفُ، وَ تَكَاثَرَتِ الْحُتُوفُ، وَ تَقَارَعَتِ السُّيُوفُ؟ أَمْ هَلَّا خَشِيَا فِتْنَةَ الْإِسْلَامِ يَوْمَ ابْنِ عَبْدِ وُدٍّ وَ قَدْ نَفَخَ بِسَيْفِهِ، وَ شَمَخَ بِأَنْفِهِ، وَ طَمَحَ بِطَرْفِهِ؟!
Was it not the day of Al-Abwa’a when the rows (of the enemies) intensified, and the infantries were a lot, and the swords were striking? Or why did they not fear Fitna in Al-Islam on the day Ibn Abd Wadd and he had puffed up his sword, and was priding with his nose, and aspiring with his eyes!
وَ لِمَ لَمْ يُشْفِقَا عَلَى الدِّينِ وَ أَهْلِهِ يَوْمَ بُوَاطَ إِذَا اسْوَدَّ لَوْنُ الْأُفُقِ، وَ اعْوَجَّ عَظْمُ الْعُنُقِ، وَ انْحَلَّ سَيْلُ الْغَرَقِ؟
And why were they not compassionate upon the Religion and its people on the day of Buwaat when the colour of the horizon was black, and the bones of the necks were crooked, and the torrents of the drowning were released?
وَ لَمْ يُشْفِقَا يَوْمَ رَضْوَى إِذِ السِّهَامُ تَطِيرُ، وَ الْمَنَايَا تَسِيرُ، وَ الْأَسَدُ تَزْأَرُ؟
And why were they not compassionate on the day of Razwa, when the arrows were flying, and the afflictions were marching, and the lions roared?
وَ هَلَّا بَادَرَا يَوْمَ الْعُشَيْرَةِ إِذَا الْأَسْنَانُ تَصْطَكُّ، وَ الْآذَانُ تَسْتَكُّ، وَ الدُّرُوعُ تُهْتَكُ؟
And why did they not rush forwards on the day of (Zul) Asheera, when the teeth chattered, and the ears were covered, and the shields were torn?
وَ هَلَّا كَانَتْ مُبَادَرَتُهُمَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ، إِذِ الْأَرْوَاحُ فِي الصُّعَدَاءِ تَرْتَقِي، وَ الْجِيَادُ بِالْصَنَادِيدِ تَرْتَدِي، وَ الْأَرْضُ مِنْ دِمَاءِ الْأَبْطَالِ تَرْتَوِي؟
And why did they not rushing forward on the day of (battle of) Badr, when the souls were sighing, rising, and the horses hesitated with the gallant ones, and the ground was quenched with the blood of the heroes?
وَ لِمَ لَمْ يُشْفِقَا عَلَى الدِّينِ يَوْمَ بَدْرِ الثَّانِيَةِ، وَ الرَّعَابِيبُ تَرْعَبُ، وَ الْأَوْدَاجُ تَشْخُبُ، وَ الصُّدُورُ تُخْضَبُ؟
And why did they not feel compassion upon the Religion on the day of Badr the 2nd, and the dreading ones were terrified, and the chests were heaving?
أَمْ هَلَّا بَادَرَا يَوْمَ ذَاتِ اللُّيُوثِ، وَ قَدْ أُبِيحَ المتولب [التَّوْلَبُ]، وَ اصْطَلَمَ الشَّوْقَبُ، وَ ادْلَهَمَّ الْكَوْكَبُ؟!
Or why did they not rush forward on the day with the lions, and the striking had been legalised, and the slits were slammed, and the stars had evidenced?!
وَ لِمَ لَا كَانَتْ شَفَقَتُهُمَا عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ يَوْمَ الْكَدِرِ، وَ الْعُيُونُ تَدْمَعُ، وَ الْمَنِيَّةُ تَلْمَعُ، وَ الصَّفَائِحُ تَنْزِعُ ..
And why there was compassion for them upon Al-Islam on the day of toil, and the eyes were tearful, and the death had shone, and platforms were removed?’
ثُمَّ عَدَّدَ وَقَائِعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كُلَّهَا عَلَى هَذَا النَّسَقِ، وَ قَرَعَهُمَا بِأَنَّهُمَا فِي هَذِهِ الْمَوَاقِفِ كُلِّهَا كَانَا مَعَ النَّظَّارَةِ وَ الْخَوَالِفِ وَ الْقَاعِدِينَ، فَكَيْفَ بَادَرَا الْفِتْنَةَ بِزَعْمِهِمَا يَوْمَ السَّقِيفَةِ وَ قَدْ تَوَطَّأَ الْإِسْلَامُ بِسَيْفِهِ، وَ اسْتَقَرَّ قَرَارَهُ، وَ زَالَ حِذَارُهُ.
Then he-asws enumerated the events of the Prophets-as, all of them, upon this manner, and knocked them both (Abu Bakr and Umar) down, that they were in all these places, were onlookers, and opposers, and sitting back. So, how come they rushed forward on the day of Al-Saqeefa (fearing) Fitna, and Al-Islam had been passive in Al-Islam by his-asws sword, and he-asws had stabled its stability, and removed its dangers?
ثُمَّ قَالَ- بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ-: مَا هَذِهِ الدَّهْمَاءُ وَ الدَّهْيَاءُ الَّتِي وَرَدَتْ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ؟! أَنَا صَاحِبُ هَذِهِ الْمَشَاهِدِ، وَ أَبُو هَذِهِ الْمَوَاقِفِ، وَ ابْنُ هَذِهِ الْأَفْعَالِ. يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ! إِنِّي عَلَى بَصِيرَةٍ مِنْ أَمْرِي، وَ عَلَى ثِقَةٍ مِنْ دِينِي،
Then he-asws said, after all that: ‘What are these riffraff and shrew ones of Quraysh who have come to us-asws! I-asws am a companion of these battles, and father of these places, and son of these deeds. O community of the Emigrants and the Helpers! I-asws am upon an insight of my-asws matter, and upon reliance from my-asws Religion.
الْيَوْمَ أَنْطَقْتُ الْخَرْسَاءَ الْبَيَانَ، وَ فَهَّمْتُ الْعَجْمَاءَ الْفَصَاحَةَ، وَ أَتَيْتُ الْعَمْيَاءَ بِالْبُرْهَانِ، هذا يَوْمُ يَنْفَعُ الصَّادِقِينَ صِدْقُهُمْ قَدْ تَوَافَقْنَا عَلَى حُدُودِ الْحَقِّ وَ الْبَاطِلِ، وَ أَخْرَجْتُكُمْ مِنَ الشُّبْهَةِ إِلَى الْحَقِّ، وَ مِنَ الشَّكِّ إِلَى الْيَقِينِ،
Today I-asws shall speak to the mute with the explanation, and make the tongue-tied to understand the eloquence, and give the proof to the blind. “This Day the truthful shall benefit from their truthfulness [5:119]. We are now concordant upon the limits of the truth and the falsehood, and I-asws am extracting you from the suspicions to the truth, and from the doubts to the certainty.
فَتَبَرَّءُوا- رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ مِمَّنْ نَكَثَ الْبَيْعَتَيْنِ، وَ غَلَبَ الْهَوَى بِهِ فَضَلَّ، وَ أَبْعِدُوا- رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ- مِمَّنْ أَخْفَى الْغَدْرَ وَ طَلَبَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَهْلِهِ فَتَاهَ، وَ الْعَنُوا- رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ- مَنِ انْهَزَمَ الْهَزِيمَتَيْنِ
Therefore, you should disavow, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, from the one who broke the two allegiances, and the personal desires overcame him, so he strayed; and distance yourselves, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, from the one who conceals the deceit and seeks the truth from other than its people; and curse, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, the one who was defeated by two defeats.
إِذْ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ: إِذا لَقِيتُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا زَحْفاً فَلا تُوَلُّوهُمُ الْأَدْبارَ وَ مَنْ يُوَلِّهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ دُبُرَهُ إِلَّا مُتَحَرِّفاً لِقِتالٍ أَوْ مُتَحَيِّزاً إِلى فِئَةٍ فَقَدْ باءَ بِغَضَبٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ،
Then Allah-azwj Says: When you meet those who are committing Kufr marching for war, then do not turn your backs to them [8:15] And the one who turns his back to them on that day – except for a strategy of battle or retreating to a group – so he has incurred Wrath from Allah, [8:16].
وَ قَالَ: وَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ إِذْ أَعْجَبَتْكُمْ كَثْرَتُكُمْ فَلَمْ تُغْنِ عَنْكُمْ شَيْئاً وَ ضاقَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الْأَرْضُ بِما رَحُبَتْ ثُمَّ وَلَّيْتُمْ مُدْبِرِينَ.
And Said: Allah has Helped you in many places, and the day of (battle of) Hunayn when your great numbers fascinated you but they did not avail you of anything, and the earth was straitened upon you despite its vastness, then you turned back retreating [9:25].
وَ اغْضِبُوا- رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ- عَلَى مَنْ غَضَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَ تَبَرَّءُوا- رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ- مِمَّنْ يَقُولُ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: يَرْتَفِعُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ رِيحٌ سَوْدَاءُ تَخْتَطِفُ مِنْ دُونِي قَوْماً مِنْ أَصْحَابِي مِنْ عُظَمَاءِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ، فَأَقُولُ: أُصَيْحَابِي. فَيُقَالُ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ! إِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي مَا أَحْدَثُوا بَعْدَكَ.
And be angry (upon these enemies of Islam), may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, upon the one Allah-azwj was Wrathful upon, and disavow, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, from the one Rasool-Allah-saww said regarding him: ‘One Day of Qiyamah, a black wind would arise, snatching away a people below me-saww, from my-saww companions, from the great ones of the Emigrants, so I-saww shall say: ‘My-saww companions!’ He-azwj will Say: “O Muhammad-saww! Don’t You-saww do not know what they innovated after you-saww”’.
وَ تَبَرَّءُوا رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنَ النَّفْسِ الضَّالِّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ: يَوْمٌ لا بَيْعٌ فِيهِ وَ لا خِلالٌ فَيَقُولُوا: رَبَّنا أَرِنَا الَّذَيْنِ أَضَلَّانا مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَ الْإِنْسِ نَجْعَلْهُما تَحْتَ أَقْدامِنا لِيَكُونا مِنَ الْأَسْفَلِينَ
And disavow, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, from the straying soul, from before he is brought a Day during which they would neither be any bargaining nor befriending [14:31], so they would be saying, ‘Our Lord! Show us those who strayed us, from the Jinn and the humans, so we can make them to be under our feet for them to be from the lowest ones’ [41:29].
وَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَقُولُوا: يا حَسْرَتى عَلى ما فَرَّطْتُ فِي جَنْبِ اللَّهِ وَ إِنْ كُنْتُ لَمِنَ السَّاخِرِينَ أَوْ يَقُولُوا: وَ ما أَضَلَّنا إِلَّا الْمُجْرِمُونَ أَوْ يَقُولُوا: رَبَّنا إِنَّا أَطَعْنا سادَتَنا وَ كُبَراءَنا فَأَضَلُّونَا السَّبِيلَا،
And from before they would be saying, ‘O regret, upon what I wasted regarding the Side of Allah, and I was from the mocking ones!’ [39:56]; or they would be saying, And none strayed us except the criminals [26:99]; or they would be saying, ‘Our Lord! We obeyed our chiefs and our great ones, so they strayed us from the Way’ [33:67].
إِنَّ قُرَيْشاً طَلَبَتِ السَّعَادَةَ فَشَقِيَتْ، وَ طَلَبَتِ النَّجَاةَ فَهَلَكَتْ، وَ طَلَبَتِ الْهِدَايَةَ فَضَلَّتْ. إِنَّ قُرَيْشاً قَدْ أَضَلَّتْ أَهْلَ دَهْرِهَا وَ مَنْ يَأْتِي مِنْ بَعْدِهَا مِنَ الْقُرُونِ،
Verily, Quraysh sought the fortunacy, but they became wretched, and sought the salvation, but were destroyed, and sought the guidance, but they strayed. Quraysh have strayed (not only) the people of their time, but (also) the generations to come after it (as well).
إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ اسْمُهُ وَضَعَ إِمَامَتِي فِي قُرْآنِهِ فَقَالَ: وَ الَّذِينَ يَبِيتُونَ لِرَبِّهِمْ سُجَّداً وَ قِياماً وَ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنا هَبْ لَنا مِنْ أَزْواجِنا وَ ذُرِّيَّاتِنا قُرَّةَ أَعْيُنٍ وَ اجْعَلْنا لِلْمُتَّقِينَ إِماماً،
Allah-azwj, Blessed is His-azwj Name, Placed my-asws Imamate in His-azwj Quran: And those who spend the night in Sajdah to their Lord, and standing [25:64]; And those who are saying, ‘Our Lord! Grant to us from our wives and our offspring, delight of our eyes, and Make us Imams for the pious [25:74].
وَ قَالَ: الَّذِينَ إِنْ مَكَّنَّاهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَقامُوا الصَّلاةَ وَ آتَوُا الزَّكاةَ وَ أَمَرُوا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ نَهَوْا عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَ لِلَّهِ عاقِبَةُ الْأُمُورِ .. وَ هَذِهِ خُطْبَةٌ طَوِيلَةٌ.
And Said: Those, if We were to Enable them in the land, they would Establish the Salat and give the Zakat, and they would enjoin with the good and forbid from the evil; and to Allah is the end-result of the matters [22:41]’ – and this is the long sermon.
وَ قَدْ قَالَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فِي بَعْضِ مَقَامَاتِهِ كَلَاماً لَوْ لَمْ يَقُلْ غَيْرَهُ لَكَفَى قَوْلُهُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ: أَنَا وَلِيُّ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ دُونَ قُرَيْشٍ، لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ: الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ،
And he-asws had given such a speech in one of his-asws places, even if he-asws had not said other than it, it would have sufficed. His-asws words are: ‘I-asws am foremost with this command besides Quraysh, because Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The governance is for the one who is emancipated’.
فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِعِتْقِ الرِّقَابِ مِنَ النَّارِ، وَ بِعِتْقِهَا مِنَ السَّيْفِ، وَ هَذَانِ لَمَّا اجْتَمَعَا كَانَا أَفْضَلَ مِنْ عِتْقِ الرِّقَابِ مِنَ الرِّقِّ،
Rasool-Allah-saww came to emancipate the necks from the Fire, and freed them from the sword (from being killed), and these two (Abu Bakr and Umar), when they gathered, were (considering themselves) to be superior than the necks to be freed from the enslavement.
فَمَا كَانَ لِقُرَيْشٍ عَلَى الْعَرَبِ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَانَ لِبَنِي هَاشِمٍ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ، وَ مَا كَانَ لِبَنِي هَاشِمٍ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَانَ لِي عَلَى بَنِي هَاشِمٍ، لِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ: «مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ».
Thus, whatever was for Quraysh upon the Arabs due to Rasool-Allah-saww, was for the Clan of Hashim-as over Quraysh; and whatever was for the Clan of Hashim-as over Quraysh due to Rasool-Allah-saww, was for me-asws over the Clan of Hashim-as, due to the words of Rasool-Allah-saww on the day of Ghadeer Khum: ‘One whose Master-saww I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his Master-asws’’.[75]
11- فس: قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! إنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ بَغَى عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ عَنَاقُ بِنْتُ آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، خَلَقَ اللَّهُ لَهَا عِشْرِينَ إِصْبَعاً، فِي كُلِ إِصْبَعٍ مِنْهَا ظُفُرَانِ طَوِيلَانِ كَالْمِنْجَلَيْنِ الْعَظِيمَيْنِ، وَ كَانَ مَجْلِسُهَا فِي الْأَرْضِ مَوْضِعَ جَرِيبٍ،
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al-Qummi’ – Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘O you people! The first one to rebel against Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic upon the surface of the earth was Unaq daughter of Adam-as! Allah-azwj had Created her with twenty fingers, in each finger from her were two long nails, like the large claws, and her sitting in the ground in place of ‘Jareeb’ (occupying a large area).
فَلَمَّا بَغَتْ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ لَهَا أَسَداً كَالْفِيلِ وَ ذِئْباً كَالْبَعِيرِ وَ نَسْراً كَالْحِمَارِ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْخَلْقِ الْأَوَّلِ، فَسَلَّطَهُمُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا فَقَتَلُوهَا،
When she rebelled, Allah-azwj Sent a lion to her like an elephant (in size), and a wolf like a camel, and an eagle like a donkey; and that was during the first creation. Allah-azwj Caused them to overcome her and they killer her.
أَلَا وَ قَدْ قَتَلَ اللَّهُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ هَامَانَ وَ خَسَفَ بِقَارُونَ، وَ إِنَّمَا هَذَا مَثَلٌ لِأَعْدَائِهِ الَّذِينَ غَصَبُوا حَقَّهُ فَأَهْلَكَهُمُ اللَّهُ.
Indeed! And Allah-azwj has Killed Pharaoh-la, and Hamman-la, and there was a submergence with Qaroun-la; and rather this is an example for His-azwj enemies, those who had usurped His-azwj Right, so Allah-azwj Destroyed them’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ- عَلَى إِثْرِ هَذَا الْمَثَلِ الَّذِي ضَرَبَهُ-: وَ قَدْ كَانَ لِي حَقٌّ حَازَهُ دُونِي مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ، وَ لَمْ أَكُنْ أُشْرِكُهُ فِيهِ، وَ لَا تَوْبَةَ لَهُ إِلَّا بِكِتَابٍ مُنْزَلٍ، أَوْ بِرَسُولٍ مُرْسَلٍ،
Then Ali-asws said upon the trail of this example which he-asws had struck: ‘And there was a right for me-asws they (Abu Bakr and Umar) had taken possession of it, one whom it did not happen to be for him, and I-asws did not happen to participate in it, nor was there any repentance for him except by the Revealed Book, or by a Sent Prophet-saww.
وَ أَنَّى لَهُ بِالرِّسَالَةِ بَعْدَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، وَ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، وَ أَنَّى يَتُوبُ وَ هُمْ فِي بَرْزَخِ الْقِيَامَةِ غَرَّتْهُ الْأَمَانِيُّ وَ غَرَّهُ بِاللَّهِ الْغَرُورُ*، قَدْ أَشْفَى عَلى شَفا جُرُفٍ هارٍ فَانْهارَ بِهِ فِي نارِ جَهَنَّمَ وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ.
And I-asws am for it with the Message after Muhammad-saww, and there is no Prophet-saww after Muhammad-saww, and how can they repent (now) and they are in the purgatory of the Qiyamah. The wishful thinking deceived him, and he was deceived by the arch-deceiver in respect of Allah [31:33]. He is upon the brink of a cliff so it collapses with him into the Fire of Hell? And Allah does not Guide the unjust people [9:109]’’.[76]
12- ما: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ الصَّلْتِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ عَبَّادٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شَرِيكٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: صَعِدَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ الْمِنْبَرَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَقَالَ: أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ لَا يَقُولُهَا بَعْدِي إِلَّا كَذَّابٌ، مَا زِلْتُ مَظْلُوماً مُنْذُ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ،
(The book) ‘Amaali’ of sheykh Al Tusi – Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Salt, from Ibn Uqda, from Ahmad Bin Al Qasim, from Abbad, from Abdullah Bin Al Zubeyr, from Abdullah Bin Shareek, from his father who said,
‘Ali-asws ascended the pulpit on the day of Friday and he-asws said: ‘I-asws am a servant of Allah-azwj and brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww. No one will say it after me-asws except a liar. I-asws have not ceased to be oppressed since Rasool-Allah-saww passed away.
أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِقِتَالِ النَّاكِثِينَ: طَلْحَةَ وَ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَ الْقَاسِطِينَ: مُعَاوِيَةَ وَ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ، وَ الْمَارِقِينَ: وَ هُمْ أَهْلُ النَّهْرَوَانِ، وَ لَوْ أَمَرَنِي بِقِتَالِ الرَّابِعَةِ لَقَاتَلْتُهُمْ.
Rasool-Allah-saww instructed me with fighting against the breakers (of the covenant) – Talha and Al-Zubeyr; and the renegades – Muawiya and the people of Syria; and the deviants – and they are the people of Al-Naharwan; and had he-saww instructed me-asws with fighting any fourth (category), I-asws would have fought them’’.[77]
13- قب: الْبُخَارِيُّ وَ مُسْلِمٌ بِالْإِسْنَادِ، قَالَ قَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ: قَالَ عَلِيٌّ (ع): إن [أَنَا] أَوَّلُ مَنْ يحثو [يَجْثُو] لِلْحُكُومَةِ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ.
(The book) ‘Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Al Bukhair and Muslim, by their chains, said, ‘Qays Bin Sa’ad said,
‘Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws will be the first one to kneel down in front of Allah-azwj for the Judgment’’.[78]
14- جا: الْكَاتِبُ، عَنِ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ، عَنِ الثَّقَفِيِّ، عَنِ الْمَسْعُودِيِّ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ رَزِينٍ بَيَّاعِ الْأَنْمَاطِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ قَالَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ: وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ بَايَعَ النَّاسُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ أَنَا أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِمْ مِنِّي بِقَمِيصِي هَذَا، فَكَظَمْتُ غَيْظِي، وَ انْتَظَرْتُ أَمْرَ رَبِّي، وَ أَلْصَقْتُ كَلْكَلِي بِالْأَرْضِ،
(The book) ‘Amaali’ of sheykh Al Mufeed – Al Katib, from Al Zafrani, from Al Saqafi, from Al Masoudi, from Al Hassan Bin Hammad, from his father, from Razeyn Baya al Anmat who said,
‘I heard Zayd son of Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws saying, ‘My father-asws narrated to me from his-asws father-asws who said: ‘I-asws heard Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws addressing the people. He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! The people had pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr and I-asws was the foremost of the people with them with this shirt (caliphate) of mine-asws. So, I-asws swallowed by rage and awaited the Command of my-asws Lord-azwj, and adhered my-asws chest with the ground (embraced solitude).
ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ هَلَكَ وَ اسْتَخْلَفَ عُمَرَ، وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ- وَ اللَّهِ- أَنِّي أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِمْ مِنِّي بِقَمِيصِي هَذَا، فَكَظَمْتُ غَيْظِي، وَ انْتَظَرْتُ أَمْرَ رَبِّي،
Then Abu Bakr died and he made Umar the caliph, and by Allah-azwj, he had known that I-asws was the foremost of the people with them with this shirt of mine-asws. I-asws swallowed my-asws rage and awaited the Command of my-asws Lord-azwj.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ عُمَرَ هَلَكَ وَ قَدْ جَعَلَهَا شُورَى، فَجَعَلَنِي سَادِسَ سِتَّةٍ، كَسَهْمِ الْجَدَّةِ وَ قَالَ: اقْتُلُوا الْأَقَلَّ وَ مَا أَرَادَ غَيْرِي، فَكَظَمْتُ غَيْظِي، وَ انْتَظَرْتُ أَمْرَ رَبِّي، وَ أَلْصَقْتُ كَلْكَلِي بِالْأَرْضِ،
Then Umar died, and he had made it to a consultation council, and he made me-asws to be the sixth of the six, like the share of the grandfather (of inheritance), and he said, ‘Kill the minority’, and he did not mean anyone apart from me-asws. I-asws swallowed my-asws rage and awaited the Command of my-asws Lord-azwj, and adhered my-asws chest with the ground.
ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْقَوْمِ بَعْدَ بَيْعَتِهِمْ لِي مَا كَانَ، ثُمَّ لَمْ أَجِدْ إِلَّا قِتَالَهُمْ أَوِ الْكُفْرَ بِاللَّهِ.
Then it transpire from the matter of the people after their allegiances to me-asws, what happened. Then I-asws could not find (any alternative) except fighting them (the hypocrites), or committing Kufr with Allah-azwj’’.[79]
15- جا: ابْنُ قُولَوَيْهِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلَوِيَّةَ، عَنِ الثَّقَفِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الرَّازِيِّ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ، قَالَ: لَمَّا بَلَغَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ مَسِيرُ طَلْحَةَ وَ الزُّبَيْرِ وَ عَائِشَةَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ نَادَى الصَّلَاةَ جَامِعَةً،
(The book) ‘Amaali’ of sheykh Al Mufeed – Ibn Qawlawiya, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Alawiya, from Al Saqafi, from Muhammad Bin Amro Al Razy, from Al Hassan Bin Al Mubarak, from Al Hassan Bin Salama who said,
‘When it reached Amir Al-Momineen (news of) the travelling of Talha, and Al-Zubeyr, and Ayesha, from Makkah to Al-Basra (for battle), he-asws called for the congregational Salat.
فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمَّا قَبَضَ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قُلْنَا: نَحْنُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ وَ عَصَبَتُهُ وَ وَرَثَتُهُ وَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ وَ أَحَقُّ خَلَائِقِ اللَّهِ بِهِ، لَا نُنَازَعُ حَقَّهُ وَ سُلْطَانَهُ،
When the people gathered, he-asws praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, then said: ‘As for after, when Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Cased His-azwj Prophet-saww to pass away, we-asws said: ‘We-asws are People-asws of his-saww Household, and his-asws clan, and his-saww inheritors, and his-saww friends, and most rightful of the creatures of Allah-azwj with him-saww. Neither can we-asws be disputed of his-saww right nor his-saww authority.
فَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ إِذْ نَفَرَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ فَانْتَزَعُوا سُلْطَانَ نَبِيِّنَا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مِنَّا وَ وَلَّوْهُ غَيْرَنَا، فَبَكَتْ لِذَلِكَ- وَ اللَّهِ- الْعُيُونُ وَ الْقُلُوبُ مِنَّا جَمِيعاً، وَ خَشُنَتْ- وَ اللَّهِ الصُّدُورُ، وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَا مَخَافَةُ الْفُرْقَةِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَنْ يَعُودُوا إِلَى الْكُفْرِ، وَ يَعُودَ الدِّينُ، لَكُنَّا قَدْ غَيَّرْنَا ذَلِكَ مَا اسْتَطَعْنَا،
While we-asws were like that, when a number of hypocrites snatched away the authority of our Prophet-saww from us-asws, and placed others in charge of it. By Allah-azwj! The eyes and the hearts from all of us-asws cried, and by Allah-azwj the chests were roughened. And I-asws swear by Allah-azwj! Had I-asws not feared that a sect from the Muslims would return to the Kufr, and the Religion would be turned around, we-asws would have changed that whatever we-asws could have.
وَ قَدْ وَلِيَ ذَلِكَ وُلَاةٌ وَ مَضَوْا لِسَبِيلِهِمْ وَ رَدَّ اللَّهُ الْأَمْرَ إِلَيَّ، وَ قَدْ بَايَعَانِي وَ قَدْ نَهَضَا إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ لِيُفَرِّقَا جَمَاعَتَكُمْ، وَ يُلْقِيَا بَأْسَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ، اللَّهُمَّ فَخُذْهُمَا لِغِشِّهِمَا لِهَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ، وَ سُوءِ نَظَرِهِمَا لِلْعَامَّةِ.
And (certain) rulers had ruled that, and they went on their way, and Allah-azwj has Returned the Command to me-asws, and they (Talha and Al-Zubeyr) had both pledged allegiance to me-asws, and they are (now) coming to Al-Basra in order to separate your communities, and they would face your might between you. O Allah-azwj! Seize them both due to their deception to this community, and their evil outlook towards the general population’.
فَقَامَ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ ابْنُ التَّيِّهَانِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! إِنَّ حَسَدَ قُرَيْشٍ إِيَّاكَ عَلَى وَجْهَيْنِ، أَمَّا خِيَارُهُمْ فَحَسَدُوكَ مُنَافَسَةً فِي الْفَضْلِ وَ ارْتِفَاعاً فِي الدَّرَجَةِ، وَ أَمَّا شِرَارُهُمْ فَحَسَدُوكَ حَسَداً أَحْبَطَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَعْمَالَهُمْ وَ أَثْقَلَ بِهِ أَوْزَارَهُمْ، وَ مَا رَضُوا أَنْ يُسَاوُوكَ حَتَّى أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَتَقَدَّمُوكَ،
Abu Al-Haysam Ibn Al-Tayhan, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him, stood up and said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! The envy of Quraysh towards you-asws is upon two aspects. As for their elites, they are envying you-asws competing in the merits and your-asws loftiness in the rankings; and as for their evil ones, they are envying you-asws, Allah-azwj would Nullify their deeds due to it, and their burdens would be heavier by it, and they will not be pleased to be equal to you-asws, until they want to precede you-asws.
فَبَعُدَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْغَايَةُ، وَ أَسْقَطَهُمُ الْمِضْمَارُ، وَ كُنْتَ أَحَقَّ قُرَيْشٍ بِقُرَيْشٍ، نَصَرْتَ نَبِيَّهُمْ حَيّاً، وَ قَضَيْتَ عَنْهُ الْحُقُوقَ مَيِّتاً، وَ اللَّهِ مَا بَغْيُهُمْ إِلَّا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ، وَ نَحْنُ أَنْصَارُكَ وَ أَعْوَانُكَ، فَمُرْنَا بِأَمْرِكَ،
So, the goal is remote from them, and the domain is dropped from them, and you-asws were most rightful of Quraysh with Quraysh. You-asws helped their Prophet-saww when alive, and you-asws fulfilled the rights on his-saww behalf when he-saww passed away. By Allah-azwj! Their rebellion is not except against themselves, and we are your-asws helpers and your-asws supporters, so order us-asws with your-asws orders’.
فَجَزَاهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ خَيْراً، ثُمَّ قَامَ النَّاسُ بَعْدَهُ فَتَكَلَّمَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ بِمِثْلِ مَقَالِهِ.
Amir Al-Momineen-asws bade him goodly Recompense, then the people stood up after him, and each one spoke similar to his talk’’.[80]
16- جا: الْكَاتِبُ، عَنِ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ، عَنِ الثَّقَفِيِّ، عَنِ الْمَسْعُودِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَمَّادٍ الْقَطَّانِ، عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ: أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ أَبِي لَيْلَى قَامَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! إِنِّي سَائِلُكَ لِآخُذَ عَنْكَ، وَ قَدِ انْتَظَرْنَا أَنْ تَقُولَ مِنْ أَمْرِكَ شَيْئاً فَلَمْ تَقُلْهُ، أَ لَا تُحَدِّثُنَا عَنْ أَمْرِكَ هَذَا .. أَ كَانَ بِعَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَوْ شَيْءٌ رَأَيْتَهُ؟
(The book) ‘Amaali’ of sheykh Al Mufeed – From Al Zafrani, from Al Saqafi, from Al Madoudi, from Muhammad Bin Kaseer, from Yahya Bin Hammad Al Qattan, from Abu Muhammad Al Hazrami, from Abu Ali Al Hamdani,
‘Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Layli stood up to Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and he said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! I ask you-asws to take from you-asws, and we have awaiting for you-asws to be saying something from your-asws matter, but you-asws did not say it. Will you-asws not narrated to us about this matter of yours-asws? Was it by a pact of Rasool-Allah-saww, or was it something you-asws opined?
فأما [فَإِنَّا] قَدْ أَكْثَرْنَا فِيكَ الْأَقَاوِيلَ وَ أَوْثَقَهُ عِنْدَنَا مَا قَبِلْنَاهُ عَنْكَ وَ سَمِعْنَاهُ مِنْ فِيكَ، إِنَّا كُنَّا نَقُولُ لَوْ رَجَعَتْ إِلَيْكُمْ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَمْ يُنَازِعْكُمْ فِيهَا أَحَدٌ،
As for us, we have frequented the talk regarding you-asws, and the most reliable of it in our presence would be was we accept from you-asws and hear (directly) from your-asws mouth. We used to say, ‘If only it (caliphate) would have returned to you-asws after Rasool-Allah-saww and no one had disputed with you-asws regarding it’.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي إِذَا سُئِلْتُ مَا أَقُولُ؟ أَزْعَمُ أَنَّ الْقَوْمَ كَانُوا أَوْلَى بِمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ مِنْكَ؟ فَإِنْ قُلْتَ ذَلِكَ فَعَلَامَ نَصَبَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بَعْدَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ، فَقَالَ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ؟!. وَ إِنْ تَكُ أَوْلَى مِنْهُمْ بِمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ فَعَلَامَ نَتَوَلَّاهُمْ؟.
By Allah-azwj! I do not know what I should be saying when I ask you-asws? Shall I claim that the people were foremost with what they had indulged in, than you-asws? But, if I were to say that, then whom did Rasool-Allah-saww nominate after the farewell Hajj, and he-saww said: ‘One whose Master-saww I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his Master-asws?! And if you-asws were foremost than them with what they were in, then upon what should be befriend them?’
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ! إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَبَضَ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ وَ أَنَا يَوْمَ قَبَضَهُ أَوْلَى بِالنَّاسِ مِنِّي بِقَمِيصِي هَذَا، وَ قَدْ كَانَ مِنْ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ (ص) إِلَيَّ عَهْدٌ لَوْ خَزَمْتُمُونِي بِأَنْفِي لَأَقْرَرْتُ سَمْعاً لِلَّهِ وَ طَاعَةً،
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘O Abdul Rahman! Allah-azwj Caused His-azwj Prophet-saww to pass away, and on the day he-saww passed away, I-asws was foremost of the people with this shirt (caliphate) of mine-asws, and there had been a pact from the Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj to me-asws, if you all were to pull me-asws by the nose, I-asws would acknowledge, being a listener to Allah-azwj and obedience.
وَ إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا انْتَقَصْنَاهُ بَعْدَهُ إِبْطَالُ حَقِّنَا فِي الْخُمُسِ، فَلَمَّا رَقَّ أَمْرُنَا طَمِعَتْ رِعْيَانُ الْبُهَمِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فِينَا، وَ قَدْ كَانَ لِي عَلَى النَّاسِ حَقٌّ لَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَيَّ عَفْواً قَبِلْتُهُ وَ قُمْتُ بِهِ،
And the first of what I-asws demanded after the delay of our-asws rights was regarding the Khums. When our-asws matter was thin, the beastly citizens of Qureys coveted regarding us-asws, and there was a right for me-asws upon the people, if they had returned it to me-asws, I-asws would have pardoned, accepting it, and would have stood with it.
فَكَانَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ، وَ كُنْتُ كَرَجُلٍ لَهُ عَلَى النَّاسِ حَقٌّ إِلَى أَجَلٍ، فَإِنْ عَجَّلُوا لَهُ مَالَهُ أَخَذَهُ وَ حَمِدَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ، وَ إِنْ أَخَّرُوهُ أَخَذَهُ غَيْرَ مَحْمُودٍ،
So, it was to a known time, and I-asws was like a man having a right for him upon the people to a term, so if they were to hasten his wealth to him, he would take it and praised them upon it, and if they were to delay it, he would take it without praising (them).
وَ كُنْتُ كَرَجُلٍ يَأْخُذُ السُّهُولَةَ وَ هُوَ عِنْدَ النَّاسِ مَحْزُونٌ، وَ إِنَّمَا يُعْرَفُ الْهُدَى بِقِلَّةِ مَنْ يَأْخُذُهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ، فَإِذَا سَكَتُّ فَأَعْفُونِي، فَإِنَّهُ لَوْ جَاءَ أَمْرٌ تَحْتَاجُونَ فِيهِ إِلَى الْجَوَابِ أَجَبْتُكُمْ، فَكُفُّوا عَنِّي مَا كَفَفْتُ عَنْكُمْ.
And I was like a man taking it easy and although he was grieving in the presence of the people, and rather the guidance is recognise by the scarcity of the ones from the people taking. So, when I-asws am silent, then excuse me-asws. If a matter were to come you will be needy to the answer to it, I-asws shall answer you all, therefore withhold from me-asws for as long as I-asws withhold from you-asws’.
فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! فَأَنْتَ- لَعَمْرُكَ- كَمَا قَالَ الْأَوَّلُ:
| لَعَمْرِي لَقَدْ أَيْقَظْتَ مَنْ كَانَ نَائِماً | وَ أَسْمَعْتَ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أُذُنَانِ |
Abdul Rahman said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! By your-asws life! You-asws are just as the first one had said, ‘By my life! One who was asleep has woken up, and the one who has ears for it is listening’’.[81]
17- كا: فِي الرَّوْضَةِ، عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ وَ يَعْقُوبَ السَّرَّاجِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَمَّا بُويِعَ بَعْدَ مَقْتَلِ عُثْمَانَ صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَقَالَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي عَلَا فَاسْتَعْلَى، وَ دَنَا فَتَعَالَى، وَ ارْتَفَعَ فَوْقَ كُلِّ مَنْظَرٍ، وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ،
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – In ‘Al Rowza’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ali Bin Raib, and Yaqoub Al Sarraj,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Amir Al-Momineen-asws was pledged allegiance to when Usman had been killed, he-asws ascended the pulpit and said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who is High and Exalted, and is near and Exalted, and Rises above every scenery. And I-asws testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj Alone, there being no associate for Him-azwj.
وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ خَاتَمُ النَّبِيِّينَ، وَ حُجَّةُ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ، مُصَدِّقاً لِلرُّسُلِ الْأَوَّلِينَ، وَ كانَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَءُوفاً رَحِيماً، فَصَلَّى اللَّهُ وَ مَلَائِكَتُهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَى آلِهِ.
And I-asws testify that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and last of the Prophets-as, and a Divine Authority of Allah-azwj upon the worlds, a ratifier of the formers Rasools-as, and He-azwj was always Kind, Merciful with the Momineen. May Allah-azwj and His-azwj Angels Send Salawat upon him-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws.
أَمَّا بَعْدُ، أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! فَإِنَّ الْبَغْيَ يَقُودُ أَصْحَابَهُ إِلَى النَّارِ، وَ إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ بَغَى عَلَى اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ عَنَاقُ بِنْتُ آدَمَ، وَ أَوَّلَ قَتِيلٍ قَتَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَنَاقُ، وَ كَانَ مَجْلِسُهَا جَرِيباً مِنَ الْأَرْضِ فِي جَرِيبٍ، وَ كَانَ لَهَا عِشْرُونَ إِصْبَعاً فِي كُلِّ إِصْبَعٍ ظُفُرَانِ مِثْلَ الْمِنْجَلَيْنِ، فَسَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهَا أَسَداً كَالْفِيلِ وَ ذِئْباً كَالْبَعِيرِ وَ نَسْراً مِثْلَ الْبَغْلِ فَقَتَلُوهَا،
As for after, O you people! Surely the rebel is guiding his companion to the Fire, and the first one to rebel against Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Mention, was Unaq daughter of Adam-as, and the first killed one to be killed by Allah-azwj was Unaq, and her sitting was a ‘Jareeb’ (occupying a large area) from the ground, and there were twenty fingers for her, having two nails in each finger like the two claws. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Caused her to be overcome by a lion like (the size of) an elephant, and a wolf like a camel, and an eagle like the mule, and they killed her.
وَ قَدْ قَتَلَ اللَّهُ الْجَبَابِرَةَ عَلَى أَفْضَلِ أَحْوَالِهِمْ، وَ آمَنِ مَا كَانُوا، وَ أَمَاتَ هَامَانَ، وَ أَهْلَكَ فِرْعَوْنَ، وَ قَدْ قَتَلَ عُثْمَانَ، أَلَا وَ إِنَّ بَلِيَّتَكُمْ قَدْ عَادَتْ كَهَيْئَتِهَا يَوْمَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ،
And Allah-azwj has Killed the tyrants upon the best of their states, and Secured what had been, and Killed Haman-la, and Destroyed Pharaoh-la, and He-azwj has Killed Usman. Indeed, and your afflictions has returned like they were on the day Allah-azwj Sent His-azwj Prophet-saww.
وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ لَتُبَلْبَلُنَّ بَلْبَلَةً وَ لَتُغَرْبَلُنَّ غَرْبَلَةً، وَ لَتُسَاطُنَّ سَوْطَةَ الْقِدْرِ حَتَّى يَعُودَ أَسْفَلُكُمْ أَعْلَاكُمْ وَ أَعْلَاكُمْ أَسْفَلَكُمْ، وَ لَيَسْبِقَنَّ سَابِقُونَ كَانُوا قَصَّرُوا، وَ لَيُقَصِّرَنَّ سَابِقُونَ كَانُوا سَبَقُوا،
By the One-azwj Who Send him-saww with the truth, you will be afflicted with afflictions, and you will be sifted with a sifting, and you will turned a turning of the pot until your bottom ones are your top, and your top ones would be your bottom ones, and they will precede, the ones who used to be deficient, and they will be deficient, the ones who used to be with precedence.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَتَمْتُ وَشْمَةً، وَ لَا كَذَبْتُ كِذْبَةً، وَ لَقَدْ نُبِّئْتُ بِهَذَا الْمَقَامِ وَ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، أَلَا وَ إِنَّ الْخَطَايَا خَيْلٌ شُمُسٌ حُمِلَ أَهْلُهَا عَلَيْهَا، وَ خُلِعَتْ لُجُمُهَا فَتَقَحَّمَتْ بِهِمْ فِي النَّارِ، أَلَا وَ إِنَّ التَّقْوَى مَطَايَا ذُلُلٌ حُمِلَ عَلَيْهَا أَهْلُهَا وَ أُعْطُوا أَزِمَّتَهَا، فَأَوْرَدَتْهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ، وَ فُتِحَتْ لَهُمْ أَبْوَابُهَا، وَجَدُوا رِيحَهَا وَ طِيبَهَا، وَ قِيلَ لَهُمْ: ادْخُلُوها بِسَلامٍ آمِنِينَ،
By Allah-azwj! I-asws have neither concealed, nor blocked, nor lied a lie, and I-asws have been foretold about this place and this day. Indeed! And the sins are like uncontrollable horses which carry its riders, with its harnesses removed, plunging into the Fire. Indeed! And the piety is like a humble ride which takes its rider, along with its rein, to the Paradise, and its Doors will be opened up for them, and they will find its aroma and goodness. And it will be said to them: “Enter it in peace, security!” [15:46].
أَلَا وَ قَدْ سَبَقَنِي إِلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ مَنْ لَمْ أُشْرِكْهُ فِيهِ، وَ مَنْ لَمْ أَهَبْهُ لَهُ، وَ مَنْ لَيْسَتْ لَهُ مِنْهُ نَوْبَةٌ إِلَّا نَبِيٌ يُبْعَثُ، أَلَا وَ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلَهُ، أَشْرَفَ مِنْهُ عَلى شَفا جُرُفٍ هارٍ فَانْهارَ بِهِ فِي نارِ جَهَنَّمَ
Indeed! The ones who had no association with it has preceded me-asws to this command (Caliphate), and the ones to whom it had not been Granted to, and the ones for whom there was no chance from it except if they were to be Prophets-as who had been Sent. And indeed! There is no Prophet -as to be after Muhammad-saww who is more noble than him-as (they are) upon the brink of a cliff so it collapses with him into the Fire of Hell? And Allah does not Guide the unjust people [9:109].
حَقٌّ وَ بَاطِلٌ، وَ لِكُلٍّ أَهْلٌ، فَلَئِنْ أَمِرَ الْبَاطِلُ لَقَدِيماً مَا فَعَلَ، وَ لَئِنْ قَلَّ الْحَقُّ فَلَرُبَّمَا وَ لَعَلَّ وَ لَقَلَّمَا أَدْبَرَ شَيْءٌ فَأَقْبَلَ، وَ لَئِنْ رُدَّ عَلَيْكُمْ أَمْرُكُمْ إِنَّكُمْ سُعَدَاءُ، وَ مَا عَلَيَّ إِلَّا الْجُهْدُ، وَ إِنِّي لَأَخْشَى أَنْ تَكُونُوا عَلَى فَتْرَةٍ مِلْتُمْ عَنِّي مَيْلَةً كُنْتُمْ فِيهَا عِنْدِي غَيْرَ مَحْمُودِي الرَّأْيِ، وَ لَوْ أَشَاءُ لَقُلْتُ: عَفَا اللَّهُ عَمَّا سَلَفَ،
Truth as well as falsehood, for each of them are its people. The matter of falsehood is a very old one and has been active. And if the truth is less (in practice) it is because of ‘if’ and ‘maybe’. And it is rare that if a thing gone away comes back, and if your command (Caliphate) returns to you, you would be pleased, and it is not on me-asws except for the striving, and I-asws am afraid that you all will end up being on the nature of your nation (away) from me-asws, the nation that you were in beforehand and would not have a praiseworthy opinion in my-asws sight, and if I-asws so desire to I-asws would say: ‘May Allah-azwj Forgive what was in the past’.
سَبَقَ فِيهِ الرَّجُلَانِ وَ قَامَ الثَّالِثُ كَالْغُرَابِ هَمُّهُ بَطْنُهُ، وَيْلَهُ! لَوْ قُصَّ جَنَاحَاهُ وَ قُطِعَ رَأْسُهُ كَانَ خَيْراً لَهُ، شُغِلَ عَنِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ النَّارُ أَمَامَهُ،
Two men preceded me-asws with regards to it (Caliphate), and the third one stood up like the Raven. His main concern was his stomach. Woe be unto him! Had his wings been clipped and his head cut-off, it would have been better for him. He was distracted from the Paradise and the Hell was in front of him.
ثَلَاثَةٌ وَ اثْنَانِ، خَمْسَةٌ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ سَادِسٌ، مَلَكٌ يَطِيرُ بِجَنَاحَيْهِ، وَ نَبِيٌّ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ بِضَبْعَيْهِ، وَ سَاعٍ مُجْتَهِدٌ، وَ طَالِبٌ يَرْجُو، وَ مُقَصِّرٌ فِي النَّارِ،
Three and two, they were five, there is no sixth of them – An Angel who files by his wings, and a Prophet-as whom Allah-azwj has Grabbed by his-as shoulders, and a diligent seeker, and a hopeful student, and a reducer (Muqassir) are in the Fire.
الْيَمِينُ وَ الشِّمَالُ مَضَلَّةٌ وَ الطَّرِيقُ الْوُسْطَى هِيَ الْجَادَّةُ، عَلَيْهَا يَأْتِي الْكِتَابُ وَ آثَارُ النُّبُوَّةِ، هَلَكَ مَنِ ادَّعَى، وَ خابَ مَنِ افْتَرى، إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَدَّبَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةَ بِالسَّيْفِ وَ السَّوْطِ وَ لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ عِنْدَ الْإِمَامِ فِيهِمَا هَوَادَةٌ،
The right and the left are misleading, whereas the middle path is the street on which you will come across the Book and the effects of the Prophet-hood. Destroyed is the one who makes a claim, and disillusioned is the one who fabricates that Allah-azwj Disciplined this community by the sword and the whip, and there is no leniency for any of them in the presence of the Imam-asws. There is restrain regarding them both.
فَاسْتَتِرُوا فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ وَ أَصْلِحُوا ذاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ، وَ التَّوْبَةُ مِنْ وَرَائِكُمْ، مَنْ أَبْدَى صَفْحَتَهُ لِلْحَقِّ هَلَكَ.
So, hide in your homes and mend your relationships in between yourselves and the repentance is behind you all. The one who turned his cheek (opposed the Imam-asws) to the truth is destroyed’’. [82]
18- نهج: وَ مِنْ خُطْبَةٍ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: لَا يَشْغَلُهُ شَأْنٌ، وَ لَا يُغَيِّرُهُ زَمَانٌ، وَ لَا يَحْوِيهِ مَكَانٌ، وَ لَا يَصِفُهُ لِسَانٌ، وَ لَا يَعْزُبُ عَنْهُ عَدَدُ قَطْرِ الْمَاءِ، وَ لَا نُجُومِ السَّمَاءِ، وَ لَا سَوَافِي الرِّيحِ فِي الْهَوَاءِ، وَ لَا دَبِيبُ النَّمْلِ عَلَى الصَّفَا، وَ لَا مَقِيلُ الذَّرِّ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الظَّلْمَاءِ، يَعْلَمُ مَسَاقِطَ الْأَوْرَاقِ، وَ خَفِيَّ طَرْفِ الْأَحْدَاقِ،
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – And from a sermon of his-asws: ‘A concern does no pre-occupy Him-azwj, nor does the time change Him-azwj, nor does a place contain Him-azwj, nor can a tongue describe Him-azwj. Neither are the number of drops of the water unknown from Him-azwj, nor the stars of the sky, nor the currents of the winds in the air, nor the steps of the and upon the solid rock, nor the weight of the particles in the dark night. He-azwj Knows the falling of the leaves, and the hidden movement of the eyes.
وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ غَيْرَ مَعْدُولٍ بِهِ وَ لَا مَشْكُوكٍ فِيهِ وَ لَا مَكْفُورٍ دِينُهُ، وَ لَا مَجْحُودٍ تَكْوِينُهُ، شَهَادَةَ مَنْ صَدَقَتْ نِيَّتُهُ، وَ صَفَتْ دُخْلَتُهُ، وَ خَلَصَ يَقِينُهُ، وَ ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ،
And I testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj, without there being an equal for Him-azwj, nor can He-azwj be doubted in it, nor can His-azwj debt be paid off, nor can His-azwj Creating be rejected, a testimony of one who ratified His-azwj Prophet-saww and clear is his-asws entry, and sincere are his-asws intentions, and heavy are his-asws scales.
وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ، الَمْجُتْبَىَ مِنْ خَلَائِقِهِ، وَ الْمُعْتَامُ لِشَرْحِ حَقَائِقِهِ، وَ الْمُخْتَصُّ بِعَقَائِلِ كَرَامَاتِهِ، وَ الْمُصْطَفَى لِكَرَائِمِرِسَالاتِهِ، وَ الْمُوَضَّحَةُ بِهِ أَشْرَاطُ الْهُدَى، وَ الْمَجْلُوُّ بِهِ غِرْبِيبُ الْعَمَى.
And I-asws testify that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww, the Chosen one-saww from His-azwj creatures, and the one-saww Selected for explaining His-azwj realities, and the one-saww specialized with the rationalities of His-azwj Prestige, and the one-asws Chosen for the Prestige of His-azwj Message, and the stipulations of the guidance were clarified by him-saww, and the gloom of the blindness was polished off by him-saww.
أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! إِنَّ الدُّنْيَا تَغُرُّ الْمُؤَمِّلَ لَهَا وَ الْمُخْلِدَ إِلَيْهَا، وَ لَا تَنْفَسُ بِمَنْ نَافَسَ فِيهَا، وَ تَغْلِبُ مَنْ غَلَبَ عَلَيْهَا،
O you people! The world deceives the one who hopes for it, and desires the eternity to it, but it does not compete with the one who competes in it, and overcomes the one who (tries to) overcome upon it.
وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ مَا كَانَ قَوْمٌ قَطُّ فِي غَضِّ نِعْمَةٍ مِنْ عَيْشٍ فَزَالَ عَنْهُمْ إِلَّا بِذُنُوبٍ اجْتَرَحُوهَا، لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَيْسَ بِظَلَّامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ،
And I-asws swear by Allah-azwj! There are no people in the greenery of the bounties of life, and these were declined from them except due to the sins they had committed, because Allah-azwj the Exalted isn’t unjust to the servants [22:10].
وَ لَوْ أَنَّ النَّاسَ حِينَ تَنْزِلُ بِهِمُ النِّقَمُ وَ تَزُولُ عَنْهُمُ النِّعَمُ، فَزِعُوا إِلَى رَبِّهِمْ بِصِدْقٍ مِنْ نِيَّاتِهِمْ، وَ وَلَهٍ مِنْ قُلُوبِهِمْ، لَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ كُلَّ شَارِدٍ، وَ أَصْلَحَ لَهُمْ كُلَّ فَاسِدٍ،
And if the people, when the afflictions descend with them, and the bounties decline away from them, were to panic to their Lord-azwj with their sincere intentions, and the (sincere) feeling from their hearts, He-azwj would Return to them everything lost, and Correct for them everything spoilt.
وَ إِنِّي لَأَخْشَى عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تَكُونُوا فِي فَتْرَةٍ وَ قَدْ كَانَتْ أُمُورٌ عِنْدِي مَضَتْ، مِلْتُمْ فِيهَا مَيْلَةً كُنْتُمْ فِيهَا عِنْدِي غَيْرَ مَحْمُودِينَ، وَ لَئِنْ رُدَّ عَلَيْكُمْ أَمْرُكُمْ إِنَّكُمْ لَسُعَدَاءُ، وَ مَا عَلَيَّ إِلَّا الْجُهْدُ، وَ لَوْ أَشَاءُ أَنْ أَقُولَ لَقُلْتُ: عَفَا اللَّهُ عَمَّا سَلَفَ.
And I-asws am fearful upon you all that you would become old during a gap period, and the matters were with me-asws, you would inclined during it with an inclination, you would not be praise worthy in my-asws presence, and if your matters were to be returned to you, you would become fortunate, and there is nothing upon me-asws except the Jihad. And if I-asws had so desired, I-asws would say: Allah-azwj Pardons what is past’’.[83]
19- نهج: قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: لَنَا حَقٌّ فَإِنْ أُعْطِينَاهُ وَ إِلَّا رَكِبْنَا أَعْجَازَ الْإِبِلِ وَ إِنْ طَالَ السُّرَى.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – He-asws said: ‘There is a right for us-asws. So, if we-asws given it (fine), or else we-asws shall ride a difficult camel, and even if the journey is prolonged’’.[84]
20- نهج: وَ مِنْ خُطْبَةٍ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: وَ نَاظِرُ قَلْبِ اللَّبِيبِ بِهِ يُبْصِرُ أَمَدَهُ، وَ يَعْرِفُ غَوْرَهُ وَ نَجْدَهُ.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – And from a sermon of his-asws: ‘A consideration of a heart of the understanding one, he would be insightful by it of his purpose, and he would recognise his low point and his high point.
دَاعٍ دَعَا، وَ رَاعٍ رَعَى، فَاسْتَجِيبُوا لِلدَّاعِي، وَ اتَّبِعُوا الرَّاعِيَ،
The caller has called, and the shepherd is pasturing, so answer to the caller, and follow the shepherd.
قَدْ خَاضُوا بِحَارَ الْفِتَنِ، وَ أَخَذُوا بِالْبِدَعِ دُونَ السُّنَنِ، وَ أَرَزَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ، وَ نَطَقَ الضَّالُّونَ الْمُكَذِّبُونَ،
They have splashed into the oceans of Fitna (strife), and they have taken with the innovations besides the Sunnah, and the Momineen are silent, and the straying ones, the liars are talking.
نَحْنُ الشِّعَارُ وَ الْأَصْحَابُ، وَ الْخَزَنَةُ وَ الْأَبْوَابُ، وَ لَا تُؤْتَى الْبُيُوتُ إِلَّا مِنْ أَبْوَابِهَا، فَمَنْ أَتَاهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ أَبْوَابِهَا سُمِّيَ سَارِقاً.
We-asws are the near of kin and the companions (of Rasool-Allah-saww), and treasurers of the doors (of knowledge), and the houses cannot be accessed except from their doors. So, the one comes to them from other than their doors, he is named as a thief’’.
مِنْهَا: فِيهِمْ كَرَائِمُ الْقُرْآنِ وَ هُمْ كَنْزُ الرَّحْمَنِ، إِنْ نَطَقُوا صَدَقُوا، وَ إِنْ صَمَتُوا لَمْ يُسْبَقُوا، فَلْيَصْدُقْ رَائِدٌ أَهْلَهُ، وَ لْيُحْضِرْ عَقْلَهُ، وَ لْيَكُنْ مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ، فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهَا قَدِمَ وَ إِلَيْهَا يَنْقَلِبُ،
From it – Regarding them-asws are the honours of the Quran, and they-asws are the treasures of the Beneficent. If they-asws speak, they are truthful, and if they-asws are silent, they would not be preceded (in speaking). Let him be truthful of the view of his people, and let him caution his intellect, and let him become from the sons of the Hereafter for he has arrived from it and will be returning to it.
فَالنَّاظِرُ بِالْقَلْبِ الْعَامِلُ بِالْبَصَرِ يَكُونُ مُبْتَدَأُ عَمَلِهِ أَنْ يَعْلَمَ أَ عَمَلُهُ عَلَيْهِ أَمْ لَهُ؟ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَضَى فِيهِ، وَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ وَقَفَ عَنْهُ، فَإِنَّ الْعَامِلَ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ كَالسَّائِرِ عَلَى غَيْرِ طَرِيقٍ فَلَا يَزِيدُهُ بُعْدُهُ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ إِلَّا بُعْداً مِنْ حَاجَتِهِ، وَ الْعَامِلُ بِالْعِلْمِ كَالسَّائِرِ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ الْوَاضِحِ، فَلْيَنْظُرْ نَاظِرٌ أَ سَائِرٌ هُوَ أَمْ رَاجِعٌ؟
The onlooker is with insight with the heart of the worker. He would begin his work if he knows whether his work is against him or for it? So, if it was for him, he would continue in it, and if it was against him, he would pause from it. The worker without knowledge is like the traveller upon another (wrong) road, so his remoteness from the road will not increase him except in remoteness, while the worker with knowledge is like a traveller upon the clear path. So, let the onlooker see, should he travel or should he return?
وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ لِكُلِّ ظَاهِرٍ بَاطِناً عَلَى مِثَالِهِ، فَمَا طَابَ ظَاهِرُهُ طَابَ بَاطِنُهُ، وَ مَا خَبُثَ ظَاهِرُهُ خَبُثَ بَاطِنُهُ، وَ قَدْ قَالَ الرَّسُولُ الصَّادِقُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْعَبْدَ وَ يُبْغِضُ عَمَلَهُ، وَ يُحِبُّ الْعَمَلَ وَ يُبْغِضُ بَدَنَهُ.
And know, that forever apparent, there is an esoteric upon the like of it. So, whatever, its apparent is good, its esoteric is good, and whatever, its apparent is wicked, its esoteric is wicked, and the truthful Rasool-saww has said: ‘Allah-azwj Loves the servant and Hates his deed, and He-azwj Loves the deed and Hates his body’.
وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ كُلَّ عَمَلٍ نَبَاتٌ، وَ كُلَّ نَبَاتٍ لَا غِنَى بِهِ عَنِ الْمَاءِ، وَ الْمِيَاهُ مُخْتَلِفَةٌ، فَمَا طَابَ سَقْيُهُ طَابَ غَرْسُهُ، وَ حَلَتْ ثَمَرَتُهُ، وَ مَا خَبُثَ سَقْيُهُ خَبُثَ غَرْسُهُ، وَ أَمَرَّتْ ثَمَرَتُهُ.
And know that for every deed there is a plant, and each plant cannot be needless from the water, and the waters a various. So, whatever its quenching is good, plant it, and sweet would be its fruit, and whatever its quenching is bad, bad would be its planting, and bitter would be its fruits’’.[85]
21- نهج: مِنْ كَلَامٍ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ قَدْ قَالَ لِي قَائِلٌ: إِنَّكَ عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ يَا ابْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ لَحَرِيصٌ!!
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – From a speech of his-asws: ‘And a speaker had said to me-asws, ‘You-asws are greedy upon this command, O son-asws of Abu Talib-asws!!’
فَقُلْتُ: بَلْ أَنْتُمْ وَ اللَّهِ أَحْرَصُ وَ أَبْعَدُ، وَ أَنَا أَخَصُّ وَ أَقْرَبُ، وَ إِنَّمَا طَلَبْتُ حَقّاً لِي وَ أَنْتُمْ تَحُولُونَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ، وَ تَضْرِبُونَ وَجْهِي دُونَهُ.
I-asws said; ‘But, by Allah-azwj, you all are greedier and remoter while I-asws am more special (private) and closer. And rather, I-asws should a right of mine-asws and you are being a barrier between me-asws and it, and you are striking my-asws face besides (on top of it).
فَلَمَّا قَرَّعْتُهُ بِالْحُجَّةِ فِي الْمَلَإِ الْحَاضِرِينَ بُهِتَ لَا يَدْرِي مَا يُجِيبُنِي بِهِ.
When I-asws knocked him with the argument in an assembly of the ones present, he was confounded and did not know what he should be answering me-asws with.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَعْدِيكَ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ وَ مَنْ أَعَانَهُمْ! فَإِنَّهُمْ قَطَعُوا رَحِمِي، وَ صَغَّرُوا عَظِيمَ مَنْزِلَتِيَ، وَ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى مُنَازَعَتِي أَمْراً هُوَ لِي، ثُمَّ قَالُوا: أَلَا إِنَّ فِي الْحَقِّ أَنْ نَأْخُذَهُ وَ فِي الْحَقِّ أَنْ تَتْرُكَهُ.
O Allah-azwj! I-asws seek Your-azwj Assistance against Quraysh and the ones who support them! They have cut off my-asws relationship, and they have belittled the greatness of my-asws status, and they have untied upon disputing me-asws of a command which is for me-asws. Then they said, ‘Indeed! It would be right if we take it and it would be right if you-asws leave it’’.[86]
22- نهج: وَ مِنْ كَلَامٍ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَعْدِيكَ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَإِنَّهُمْ قَدْ قَطَعُوا رَحِمِي، وَ أَكْفَئُوا إِنَائِي، وَ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى مُنَازَعَتِي حَقّاً كُنْتُ أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِي، وَ قَالُوا: أَلَا إِنَّ فِي الْحَقِّ أَنْ نَأْخُذَهُ وَ فِي الْحَقِّ أَنْ نَمْنَعَهُ، فَاصْبِرْ مَغْمُوماً أَوْ مُتْ مُتَأَسِّفاً،
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – And from a speech of his-asws: ‘O Allah-azwj! I-asws seek Your-azwj Assistance against Quraysh. They have cut off my-asws relationship, and they have overturned my-asws container, and they have united upon disputing me-asws of a right I-asws was foremost with it than others, and they said, ‘Indeed, it would be right if we take it, and it would be right if we prevent it, so either be patient or die in remorse!’
فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا لَيْسَ لِي رَافِدٌ وَ لَا ذَابٌّ وَ لَا مُسَاعِدٌ إِلَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتِي، فَضَنِنْتُ بِهِمْ عَنِ الْمَنِيَّةِ، فَأَغْضَيْتُ عَلَى الْقَذَى، وَ جَرِعْتُ رِيقِي عَلَى الشَّجَا، وَ صَبَرْتُ مِنْ كَظْمِ الْغَيْظِ عَلَى أَمَرَّ مِنَ الْعَلْقَمِ، وَ أَلَمَّ لِلْقَلْبِ مِنْ حَزِّ الشِّفَارِ.
I-asws looked around and there was neither any backer for me-asws, nor a protector, nor a helper except my-asws family members. I-asws refrained from fighting with them to death, and I-asws shut my-asws eyes from the (rising) dust, and swallowed my-asws saliva upon the grief, and I-asws was patient from swallowing the anger upon (something) more bitter than the colocynth and more painful to the heart than slitting by the (large) knives’’.[87]
23- نهج: مِنْ كَلَامِهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: وَا عَجَبَاهْ أَ تَكُونُ الْخِلَافَةُ بِالصَّحَابَةِ وَ لَا تَكُونُ بِالصَّحَابَةِ وَ الْقَرَابَةِ؟!.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – From a speech of his-asws: ‘Oh how strange! Can the Caliphate happen to be due to the companionship (of Rasool-Allah-saww) and it cannot happen to be with the companionship and (as well as) the kinship?!’
قَالَ السَّيِّدُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: وَ رُوِيَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ شِعْرٌ فِي هَذَا الْمَعْنَى، وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ:
| فَإِنْ كُنْتَ بِالشُّورَى مَلَكْتَ أُمُورَهُمْ | فَكَيْفَ بِهَذَا وَ الْمُشِيرُونَ غُيَّبٌ | |
| وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ بِالْقُرْبَى حَجَجْتَ خَصِيمَهُمْ | فَغَيْرُكَ أَوْلَى بِالنَّبِيِّ وَ أَقْرَبُ. |
Seyyid Al-Razy (compiler of Nahj Al-Balagah) said, ‘And a poem has been reported for him in this meaning, and it is his-asws words: ‘If their matters were to be ruled by the consultation, then how is with this and the consultees were absent? And if was with the kinship as their disputers argue, so are others foremost with the Prophet-saww although I-asws am closer’’.
وَ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ: حَدِيثُهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي النَّثْرِ وَ النَّظْمِ الْمَذْكُورَيْنِ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ، أَمَّا النَّثْرُ فَمُوَجَّهٌ إِلَى عُمَرَ لِأَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَمَّا قَالَ لِعُمَرَ: امْدُدْ يَدَكَ. قَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: أَنْتَ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (ص) فِي الْمَوَاطِنِ كُلِّهَا شِدَّتِهَا وَ رَخَائِهَا فَامْدُدْ أَنْتَ يَدَكَ.
And Ibn Abu Al-Hadeed (commentator on Nahj Al-Balagah) said, ‘His-asws Hadeeth in the prosing and composing mentioning with Abu Bakr and Umar. As for the prosing, is his-asws addressing to Umar because when Abu Bakr said to Umar, ‘Extend your hand’. Umar said to him, ‘You are a companion of Rasool-Allah-azwj all of the places, its difficult ones and its easy ones, so you extend your hand’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: إِذَا احْتَجَجْتَ لِاسْتِحْقَاقِهِ الْأَمْرَ بِصُحْبَتِهِ إِيَّاهُ فِي الْمَوَاطِنِ .. فَهَلَّا سَلَّمْتَ الْأَمْرَ إِلَى مَنْ قَدْ شَرِكَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ، وَ قَدْ زَادَ عَلَيْهِ بِالْقَرَابَةِ؟!.
Ali-asws said: ‘When you are arguing of his deserving the command due to his companionship to him-saww in the places, so why don’t you submit the command to the one who had participated him in that, and there is an increased upon him-asws with the kinship?!’
وَ أَمَّا النَّظْمُ: فَمُوَجَّهٌ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ، لِأَنَّهُ حَاجَّ الْأَنْصَارَ فِي السَّقِيفَةِ فَقَالَ: نَحْنُ عِتْرَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (ص) وَ بَيْضَتُهُ الَّتِي تَفَقَّأَتْ عَنْهُ،
And as for the composing, it is his-asws addressing to Abu Bakr, because the Helpers had argue in the Saqeefa, so he (Abu Bakr) said: ‘We are the family of Rasool-Allah-saww and with the part of the Prophet which broke away from him-saww’.
فَلَمَّا بُويِعَ احْتَجَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِالْبَيْعَةِ، وَ أَنَّهَا صَدَرَتْ عَنْ أَهْلِ الْحَلِّ وَ الْعَقْدِ،
When allegiances were pledged, he-asws argued upon the people with the allegiance, and it had been implemented upon the people of the freedom (no agreement) and the (people of) the agreement.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَمَّا احْتِجَاجُكَ عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ بِأَنَّكَ مِنْ بَيْضَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ فَغَيْرُكَ أَقْرَبُ نَسَباً مِنْكَ إِلَيْهِ، وَ أَمَّا احْتِجَاجُكَ بِالاخْتِيَارِ وَ رِضَى الْجَمَاعَةِ، فَقَدْ كَانَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَجِلَّةِ الصَّحَابَةِ غَائِبِينَ لَمْ يَحْضُرُوا الْعَقْدَ، فَكَيْفَ ثَبَتَ؟!.
Ali-asws said: ‘As for your argument against the Helpers that you are from the part of Rasool-Allah-saww and from his-saww people, so others are closer of lineage than you are to him-saww, and as for your argument with the choice and agreement of the community, so they have been a people who were absentees from the reason of companionship, they did not attend the pact, so how did you prove it?!’’[88]
24- نهج: قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا زِلْتُ مَدْفُوعاً عَنْ حَقِّي: مُسْتَأْثَراً عَلَيَّ، مُنْذُ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ النَّاسِ هَذَا.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws have not ceased to me repelled from my-asws rights, (others being) preferred over me-asws, since Rasool-Allah-saww passed away up to this day of the people’’.[89]
25- نهج: مِنْ كَلَامِهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا لَيْسَ مُعِينٌ إِلَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتِي، فَضَنِنْتُ بِهِمْ عَنِ الْمَوْتِ، وَ أَغْضَيْتُ عَلَى الْقَذَى، وَ شَرِبْتُ عَلَى الشَّجَا، وَ صَبَرْتُ عَلَى أَخْذِ الْكَظَمِ وَ عَلَى أَمَرَّ مِنْ طَعْمِ الْعَلْقَمِ.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – From a speech of his-asws: ‘I-asws looked around, and there wasn’t any helper except my-asws family members, so I-asws refrained with them from the death and I-asws shut my-asws eyes from the (rising) dust, and I-asws drank upon the choking, and was patient upon taking the rage, upon the food bitterer than the colocynth’’.[90]
26- وَ قَالَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ: قَالُوا: لَمَّا انْتَهَتْ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنْبَاءُ السَّقِيفَةِ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: مَا قَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ؟ قَالُوا: قَالَتْ: مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَ مِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ.
And he (Ibn Abi Al-Hadeed) said in another place, ‘They said, ‘When it ended to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, news of the Saqeefa, after the expiry of Rasool-Allah-saww, he-asws said: ‘What did the Helpers say?’ They said, ‘They said, ‘There should be a ruler from us (Helpers) and a ruler from you (Emigrants)’.
قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: فَهَلَّا احْتَجَجْتُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَصَّى بِأَنْ يُحْسَنَ إِلَى مُحْسِنِهِمْ وَ يُتَجَاوَزَ عَنْ مُسِيئِهِمْ؟
He-asws said: ‘Why did you not argue with them that Rasool-Allah-saww bequeathed that they should be good to their (Helpers) good doers, and they should overlook from their evil ones?’
قَالُوا: وَ مَا فِي هَذَا مِنَ الْحُجَّةِ عَلَيْهِمْ؟. قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: لَوْ كَانَتِ الْإِمَارَةُ فِيهِمْ لَمْ تَكُنِ الْوَصِيَّةُ بِهِمْ.
They said, ‘And what is the argument in this against them?’ He-asws said: ‘If the government was to be among them, he-saww would not have bequeathed with them’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: فَمَا ذَا قَالَتْ قُرَيْشٌ؟!. قَالُوا: احْتَجَّتْ بِأَنَّهَا شَجَرَةُ الرَّسُولِ (ص). فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: احْتَجُّوا بِالشَّجَرَةِ وَ أَضَاعُوا الثَّمَرَةَ!.
Then he-asws said: ‘So, what is that which Quraysh said?’ They said, ‘They argued that they are the tree (lineage) of the Rasool-saww’. He-asws said: ‘They argued with the tree and wasted the fruit!’’[91]
27- نهج: مِنْ كَلَامِهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ- لَمَّا عَزَمُوا عَلَى بَيْعَةِ عُثْمَانَ-: لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ أَنِّي أَحَقُّ بِهَا مِنْ غَيْرِي، وَ وَ اللَّهِ لَأُسْلِمَنَّ مَا سَلِمَتْ أُمُورُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهَا جَوْرٌ إِلَّا عَلَيَّ خَاصَّةً، الْتِمَاساً لِأَجْرِ ذَلِكَ وَ فَضْلِهِ، وَ زُهْداً فِيمَا تَنَافَسْتُمُوهُ مِنْ زُخْرُفِهِ وَ زِبْرِجِهِ.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – From his-asws speech, when they determined upon pledging allegiance to Usman: ‘You have known that I-asws am more rightful with it than others, and by Allah-azwj, for as long as the Muslims affairs are intact, and there does not happen to be any tyranny in it except upon me-asws in particular, I-asws shall be seeking the Recompense of that and its merit, and be abstemious in it while you are all competing for its attractions and its allurements’’.[92]
28- نهج: وَ مِنْ خُطْبَةٍ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: .. بَعَثَ رُسُلَهُ بِمَا خَصَّهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ وَحْيِهِ، وَ جَعَلَهُمْ حُجَّةً لَهُ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ، لِئَلَّا تَجِبَ الْحُجَّةُ لَهُمْ بِتَرْكِ الْإِعْذَارِ إِلَيْهِمْ، فَدَعَاهُمْ بِلِسَانِ الصِّدْقِ إِلَى سَبِيلِ الْحَقِّ،
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – And from a speech of his-asws: ‘He-azwj Sent His-azwj Rasool-saww with what He-azwj had Specialised them with from His-azwj Revelation, and Made them as divine authorities for Him-azwj upon His-azwj creatures, lest the argument is obliged for them by leaving the excuses to them. So, He-azwj Called them by the truthful tongue to the way of the truth.
أَلَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ كَشَفَ الْحَقَ كَشْفَةً، لَا أَنَّهُ جَهِلَ مَا أَخْفَوْهُ مِنْ مَصُونِ أَسْرَارِهِمْ وَ مَكْنُونِ ضَمَائِرِهِمْ، وَ لَكِنْ لِيَبْلُوَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًا، فَيَكُونَ الثَّوَابُ جَزَاءً، وَ الْعِقَابُ بَوَاءً.
Indeed! Allah-azwj Uncovered the truth with an Uncovering. He-azwj is not unaware of what is hidden from their fortified secrets and their hidden consciences, but for Him-azwj to Try them (as to) which of them is best in deeds [18:7], so there would happen to be Rewards as a recompense and the Punishment for evil deeds.
أَيْنَ الَّذِينَ زَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمُ الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ دُونَنَا كَذِباً وَ بَغْياً عَلَيْنَا؟! أَنْ رَفَعَنَا اللَّهُ وَ وَضَعَهُمْ، وَ أَعْطَانَا وَ حَرَمَهُمْ، وَ أَدْخَلَنَا وَ أَخْرَجَهُمْ،
Where are those who claimed that they are the ones firmly rooted in the knowledge besides us-asws, lying and rebelling against us-asws?! Allah-azwj Raised us the Lowered them, and Gave us-asws and Deprived them, and Included us-asws and Expelled them.
بِنَا يُسْتَعْطَى الْهُدَى وَ يُسْتَجْلَى الْعَمَى: إِنَّ الْأَئِمَّةَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ غُرِسُوا فِي هَذَا الْبَطْنِ مِنْ هَاشِمٍ، لَا تَصْلُحُ عَلَى سِوَاهُمْ، وَ لَا تَصْلُحُ الْوُلَاةُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ.
The guidance is given by us-asws, and the blindness is eradicated. Surely, the Imams-asws are to be from Quraysh. They-asws grew in these bellies from Hashim-as. It is not correct upon the ones besides them-asws, nor is the government correct from other than them-asws’.
مِنْهَا: آثَرُوا عَاجِلًا، وَ أَخَّرُوا آجِلًا، وَ تَرَكُوا صَافِياً، وَ شَرِبُوا آجِناً، كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى فَاسِقِهِمْ وَ قَدْ صَحِبَ الْمُنْكَرَ فَأَلِفَهُ، وَ بَسِئَ بِهِ وَ وَافَقَهُ حَتَّى شَابَتْ عَلَيْهِ مَفَارِقُهُ، وَ صُبِغَتْ بِهِ خَلَائِقُهُ،
From it – ‘They preferred the current (life) and delayed (ignored) the future, and they left the clear (water) and drank the putrid. It is as if I-asws am looking at their mischievous one and he has accompanied the evil one and was intimate with him, and committed evil with him, and was concordant with him until there was grey hair upon him due to his separation, and his caliphate was weakened by it.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ مُزْبِداً كَالتَّيَّارِ لَا يُبَالِي مَا غَرِقَ، أَوْ كَوَقْعِ النَّارِ فِي الْهَشِيمِ لَا يَحْفِلُ مَا حَرَّقَ، أَيْنَ الْعُقُولُ الْمُسْتَصْبِحَةُ بِمَصَابِيحِ الْهُدَى، وَ الْأَبْصَارُ اللَّامِحَةُ إِلَى مَنَارِ التَّقْوَى؟ أَيْنَ الْقُلُوبُ الَّتِي وُهِبَتْ لِلَّهِ! وَ عُوقِدَتْ عَلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ؟
Then he came storming like the flood not caring who he drowned, or like an ignition of fire in the straw, nor fearing what he burned down. Where are the intellects, the illuminations with the lamps of guidance, and the visions glimpsing at the minarets of piety? Where are the hearts which feared Allah-azwj, and used to be ignited upon obedience of Allah-azwj?
ازْدَحَمُوا عَلَى الْحُطَامِ، وَ تَشَاحُّوا عَلَى الْحَرَامِ، وَ رُفِعَ لَهُمْ عَلَمُ الْجَنَّةِ وَ النَّارِ فَصَرَفُوا عَنِ الْجَنَّةِ وُجُوهَهُمْ، وَ أَقْبَلُوا إِلَى النَّارِ بِأَعْمَالِهِمْ، دَعَاهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ فَنَفَرُوا وَ وَلَّوْا، وَ دَعَاهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ فَاسْتَجَابُوا وَ أَقْبَلُوا!.
They crowded upon the debris and quarrelled upon the Prohibitions, and a Flag (Imam-asws) of the Paradise and the Fire was raised for them, but they turned their faces away from them, and they faced towards the Fire with their deeds. Their Lord-azwj Called them, but they fled and turned around, and the Satan-la called them, and they answered and accepted (him-la)!’’[93]
29- نهج: مِنْ خُطْبَةٍ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي الْمَلَاحِمِ: وَ أَخَذُوا يَمِيناً وَ شِمَالًا ظَعْناً فِي مَسَالِكِ الْغَيِّ، وَ تَرْكاً لِمَذَاهِبِ الرُّشْدِ، فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوا مَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ مُرْصَدٌ، وَ لَا تَسْتَبْطِئُوا مَا يَجِيءُ بِهِ الْغَدُ، فَكَمْ مِنْ مُسْتَعْجِلٍ بِمَا إِنْ أَدْرَكَهُ وَدَّ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُدْرِكْهُ، وَ مَا أَقْرَبَ الْيَوْمَ مِنْ تَبَاشِيرِ غَدٍ.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’ – From a sermon of his-asws regarding the epic straying(s): ‘And they both took to the right and left, departing in the way of error, and neglected the doctrines of rightful guidance. So, do not be hastening what is going to happen and is being awaited, nor delay what is going to come tomorrow. How many hasteners, when they come across it, love not to have come across it, and how close is today from the advent of tomorrow.
يَا قَوْمِ! هَذَا إِبَّانُ وُرُودِ كُلِّ مَوْعُودٍ، وَ دُنُوٌّ مِنْ طَلْعَةِ مَا لَا تَعْرِفُونَ، أَلَا وَ إِنَ مَنْ أَدْرَكَهَا مِنَّا يَسْرِي فِيهَا بِسِرَاجٍ مُنِيرٍ، وَ يَحْذُوا فِيهَا عَلَى مِثَالِ الصَّالِحِينَ، لِيَحُلَّ فِيهَا رِبْقاً، وَ يُعْتِقَ رِقّاً، وَ يَصْدَعَ شُعَباً، وَ يَشْعَبَ صَدْعاً،
O people! Meanwhile it is the (time for) occurrence of every Promised (event), and the approach of the emergence of what you are not recognising. Indeed! And the one from us-asws who comes across it – it would be cheered by a radiant lantern and would be walking in it upon the example of the righteous ones. He-asws would loosen the laces during it, and free the necks, and divide the united, and united the divided.
فِي سُتْرَةٍ عَنِ النَّاسِ، لَا يُبْصِرُ الْقَائِفُ أَثَرَهُ وَ لَوْ تَابَعَ نَظَرَهُ، ثُمَّ لَيُشْحَذَنَّ فِيهَا قَوْمٌ شَحْذَ الْقَيْنِ النَّصْلَ، تُجْلَى بِالتَّنْزِيلِ أَبْصَارُهُمْ، وَ يُرْمَى بِالتَّفْسِيرِ فِي مَسَامِعِهِمْ، وَ يُغْبَقُونَ كَأْسَ الْحِكْمَةِ بَعْدَ الصَّبُوحِ.
He-asws would be in concealment from the people. The tracker would not see his-asws tracks and even if his-asws sight were to follow him-asws. Then, during it, he-asws would urge a people upon sharpening the blades (war), polishing their sights with the Revelation, and shooting the interpretations into their ears, and inundating them with cups of wisdom after the morning (all day long)’.
مِنْهَا: وَ طَالَ الْأَمَدُ بِهِمْ لِيَسْتَكْمِلُوا الْخِزْيَ وَ يستوجب [يَسْتَوْجِبُوا] الْغِيَرَ، حَتَّى إِذَا اخْلَوْلَقَ الْأَجَلُ، وَ اسْتَرَاحَ قَوْمٌ إِلَى الْفِتَنِ، وَ اشْتَالُوا عَنْ لَقَاحِ حَرْبِهِمْ،
From it – ‘The period was prolonged in order for the disgrace to be completed with them, and they would be obligated the challenges, until when the term ended, and a group rested to (create) the Fitna, and they armed themselves for their battles.
لَمْ يَمُنُّوا عَلَى اللَّهِ بِالصَّبْرِ، وَ لَمْ يَسْتَعْظِمُوا بَذْلَ أَنْفُسِهِمْ فِي الْحَقِّ، حَتَّى إِذَا وَافَقَ وَارِدُ الْقَضَاءِ انْقِطَاعَ مُدَّةِ الْبَلَاءِ، حَمَلُوا بَصَائِرَهُمْ عَلَى أَسْيَافِهِمْ، وَ دَانُوا لِرَبِّهِمْ بِأَمْرِ وَاعِظِهِمْ،
They did not seek security to Allah-azwj with the patience, and did not magnify the exertion of their selves regarding the truth, until when the Ordainment occurred terminating the period of the afflictions, they carried their view upon their swords, and they (tried to) draw near to their Lord-azwj by the orders of their advisers.
حَتَّى إِذَا قَبَضَ اللَّهُ رَسُولَهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ رَجَعَ قَوْمٌ عَلَى الْأَعْقَابِ، وَ غَالَتْهُمُ السُّبُلُ، وَ اتَّكَلُوا عَلَى الْوَلَائِجِ، وَ وَصَلُوا غَيْرَ الرَّحِمِ، وَ هَجَرُوا السَّبَبَ الَّذِي أُمِرُوا بِمَوَدَّتِهِ، وَ نَقَلُوا الْبِنَاءَ عَنْ رَصِّ أَسَاسِهِ فَبَنَوْهُ فِي غَيْرِ مَوْضِعِهِ،
Until when Allah-azwj Caused His-azwj Rasool-saww to pass away, a people turned back upon their heels, and their ways made them err, and they relied upon the deceitful confidants, and they maintained relations with other than the relatives (of Rasool-Allah-saww), and they abandoned the means which they had been Commanded with being cordial with, and they transferred the building from its strong foundation and built it in other than its (rightful) place.
مَعَادِنُ كُلِّ خَطِيئَةٍ، وَ أَبْوَابُ كُلِّ ضَارِبٍ فِي غَمْرَةٍ. قَدْ مَارُوا فِي الْحَيْرَةِ، وَ ذَهَلُوا عَنِ السَّكْرَةِ عَلَى سُنَّةٍ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ مِنْ مُنْقَطِعٍ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا رَاكِنٍ، أَوْ مُفَارِقٍ لِلدِّينِ مُبَايِنٍ.
(They are) mines of every mistake, and doors of every one groping in the dark. They have passed in the confusion, and were astounded from the intoxication being upon the ways of the people of Pharaoh-la, from cutting off (from the Hereafter) inclining to the world, or separating far away from the Religion’’.[94]
30- مِنْهَا: مَا كَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي كِتَابٍ لَهُ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ: وَ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ يَجْمَعُ لَنَا مَا شَذَّ عَنَّا وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ سُبْحَانَهُ: وَ أُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتابِ اللَّهِ، وَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِإِبْراهِيمَ لَلَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ وَ هذَا النَّبِيُّ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ اللَّهُ وَلِيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
From it (the book ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’) is what he-asws wrote in a letter of his-asws to Muawiya: ‘And the Book of Allah-azwj has Gathered for us whatever had gone away from us, and it is the Word of the Glorious: and the possessors of the relationships, some of them are closer than the others in the Book of Allah. [8:75]; and Words of the Exalted: Surely the foremost of people to Ibrahim are those who follow him and this Prophet and those who are believing; and Allah is the Guardian of the Momineen [3:68].
فَنَحْنُ مَرَّةً أَوْلَى بِالْقَرَابَةِ وَ تَارَةً بِالطَّاعَةِ، وَ لَمَّا احْتَجَّ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ يَوْمَ السَّقِيفَةِ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَلَجُوا عَلَيْهِمْ، فَإِنْ يَكُنِ الْفَلَجُ بِهِ فَالْحَقُّ لَنَا دُونَكُمْ، وَ إِنْ يَكُنْ بِغَيْرِهِ فَالْأَنْصَارُ عَلَى دَعْوَاهُمْ
We-asws firstly are foremost with the kinship (with Rasool-Allah-saww, and secondly with the obedience, and when the Emigrants argued against the Helpers on the day of Al-Saqeefa with (having kinship) with Rasool-Allah-saww, they won over them. So, if the win happens to be due to it, then it is for us-asws instead of you all, and if it happens to be with something else, then the Helpers are upon their claim.
وَ قُلْتُ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أُقَادُ كَمَا يُقَادُ الْجَمَلُ الْمَخْشُوشُ حَتَّى أُبَايِعَ، وَ لَعَمْرُ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَذُمَّ فَمَدَحْتَ، وَ أَنْ تَفْضَحَ فَافْتَضَحْتَ، وَ مَا عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ مِنْ غَضَاضَةٍ فِي أَنْ يَكُونَ مَظْلُوماً مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ شَاكّاً فِي دِينِهِ وَ لَا مُرْتَاباً بِيَقِينِهِ …
And I-asws was seated the sitting just as the camel is seated by the pulling of its rein, until I-asws had to pledge allegiance. And I-asws swear by Allah-azwj! You wanted me-asws to be condemned, but I-asws was praised (instead), and you wanted me-asws to be shamed, but you ended up being shamed, and it is not a disgrace upon the Muslim if he happens to be oppressed for as long as he does not happen to be complaining regarding his Religion, nor being suspicious in his certainty’’.[95]
31- وَ مِنْهَا: مَا كَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي جَوَابِ عَقِيلٍ: .. فَدَعْ عَنْكَ قُرَيْشاً وَ تَرْكَاضَهُمْ فِي الضَّلَالِ، وَ تَجْوَالَهُمْ فِي الشِّقَاقِ، وَ جِمَاحَهُمْ فِي التِّيهِ،
From it (the book ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’) is what he-asws wrote in a letter of his-asws answer to Aqeel: ‘So, leave from you Quraysh and their rushing into the straying, and their wandering in the wretchedness, and their galloping into the labyrinth.
فَإِنَّهُمْ قَدْ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى حَرْبِي كَإِجْمَاعِهِمْ عَلَى حَرْبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَبْلِي فَجَزَتْ قُرَيْشاً عَنِّي الْجَوَازِي، فَقَدْ قَطَعُوا رَحِمِي، وَ سَلَبُونِي سُلْطَانَ ابْنِ أُمِّي.
They have united upon battling me-asws just as their unison upon battling Rasool-Allah-saww before me-asws. Quraysh will get their Recompense on my-asws behalf, for the cut off my-asws relationships, and they stripped me-asws of the authority of the son-saww of my-asws uncle-as’’.[96]
32- وَ مِنْهَا: مَا كَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي كِتَابٍ لَهُ إِلَى أَهْلِ مِصْرَ- وَ هُمُ الْعُمْدَةُ فِي قَتْلِ عُثْمَانَ-: مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلِيٍّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ غَضِبُوا لِلَّهِ حِينَ عُصِيَ فِي أَرْضِهِ وَ ذُهِبَ بِحَقِّهِ وَ ضَرَبَ الْجَوْرُ سُرَادِقَهُ عَلَى الْبَرِّ وَ الْفَاجِرِ وَ الْمُقِيمِ وَ الظَّاعِنِ، فَلَا مَعْرُوفٌ يُسْتَرَاحُ إِلَيْهِ وَ لَا مُنْكَرٌ يُتَنَاهَى عَنْهُ..
From it (the book ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’) is what he-asws wrote in a letter of his-asws to the people of Egypt, and they were (disputing regarding) the governor in the killing of Usman: ‘From a servant of Allah-azwj Ali-asws Amir Al-Momineen-asws to the people get angered for the Sake of Allah-azwj when He-azwj was disobeyed in His-azwj earth, and His-azwj Rights were done away with, and the tyranny struck its pavilions upon the righteous and the immoral, and the residents and the foreigners, so no good deed was acted upon nor any evil forbidden from’’.[97]
33- وَ مِنْهَا: مَا كَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي كِتَابٍ لَهُ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ: .. بَلَى كَانَتْ فِي أَيْدِينَا فَدَكٌ مِنْ كُلِّ مَا أَظَلَّتْهُ السَّمَاءُ فَشَحَّتْ عَلَيْهَا نُفُوسُ قَوْمٍ وَ سَخَتْ عَنْهَا نُفُوسُ آخَرِينَ، وَ نِعْمَ الْحَكَمُ اللَّهُ …
From it (the book ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’) is what he-asws wrote in a letter of his-asws to Usman Bin Huneyf Al-Ansari: ‘But Fadak used to be in our-asws hands from all what the sky shaded, but it was coveted upon by souls of a people, and relinquished from by the souls of others, and Allah-azwj is the best Judge’’.[98]
34- وَ مِنْهَا: مَا كَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي كِتَابٍ لَهُ إِلَى أَهْلِ مِصْرَ: .. فَلَمَّا مَضَى تَنَازَعَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ الْأَمْرَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ، فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانَ يُلْقَى فِي رُوعِي وَ لَا يَخْطُرُ عَلَى بَالِي أَنَّ الْعَرَبَ تُعَرِّجُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ (ص) عَنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ، وَ لَا أَنَّهُمْ مُنَحُّوهُ عَنِّي مِنْ بَعْدِهِ …
From it (the book ‘Nahj Al-Balagah’) is what he-asws wrote in a letter of his-asws to the people of Egypt: ‘When he-saww passed away, the Muslims snatched the Command from after him-saww. By Allah-azwj! It had not occurred in my-asws heart nor occurred in my-asws mind that the Arabs would snatch this command from after him-saww away from People-asws of his-saww Household, nor that they would be taking it away from me-asws from after him-saww’’.[99]
35- ثُمَّ كَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بَعْدَ مَا ذَكَرَ بَيْعَةَ النَّاسِ لَهُ: .. فَنَهَضْتُ فِي تِلْكَ الْأَحْدَاثِ حَتَّى زَاحَ الْبَاطِلُ وَ زَهَقَ، وَ اطْمَأَنَّ الدِّينُ وَ تَنَهْنَهَ …
Then he-asws wrote after mentioning the allegiance of the people to him-asws: ‘I-asws got up during those events until the falsehood was destroyed and vanished, and the Religion was safe and secure’’.[100]
36- وَ مِنْهَا: قَوْلُهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: قَدْ طَلَعَ طَالِعٌ وَ لَمَعَ لَامِعٌ وَ لَاحَ لَائِحٌ، وَ اعْتَدَلَ مَائِلٌ، وَ اسْتَبْدَلَ اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ قَوْماً وَ بِيَوْمٍ يَوْماً وَ انْتَظَرْنَا الْغِيَرَ انْتِظَارَ الْمُجْدِبِ الْمَطَرَ،
And from it are his-asws words: ‘The emerging one has emerged, and the shiner has shone, and the appearing one has appeared, and the crookedly inclined one has been straightened, and Allah-azwj has Replaced a people with a people and a day with a day, and we-asws awaited the change like the waiting of the drought-stricken ones waiting for the rain.
وَ إِنَّمَا الْأَئِمَّةُ قُوَّامُ اللَّهِ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ وَ عُرَفَاؤُهُ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ، لَا يَدْخُلُ. الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مَنْ عَرَفَهُمْ وَ عَرَفُوهُ، وَ لَا يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ إِلَّا مَنْ أَنْكَرَهُمْ وَ أَنْكَرُوهُ.
And rather the Imams are the custodians of Allah-azwj upon His-azwj creatures, and His-azwj recognisers of His-azwj servants. No one will enter the Paradise except the one who recognises them-asws and they-asws recognise him, not will anyone enter the Fire except the one who denies them-asws and they-asws deny him-asws’’.[101]
37- وَ مِنْهَا: قَوْلُهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي الْبَيْعَةِ: .. فَنَظَرْتُ فِي أَمْرِي فَإِذَا طَاعَتِي قَدْ سَبَقَتْ بَيْعَتِي، وَ إِذَا الْمِيثَاقُ فِي عُنُقِي لِغَيْرِي.
And from it are his-asws words regarding the allegiance: ‘I-asws considered my-asws matter, and there (I-asws found that) my-asws obedience (to Allah-azwj) has preceded my-asws allegiance, and when the covenant was in my-asws neck for someone else’’.[102]
وَ رَوَى- أَيْضاً-، عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: مَا رَأَيْتُ مُنْذُ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ رَخَاءً، لَقَدْ أَخَافَتْنِي قُرَيْشٌ صَغِيراً وَ أَنْصَبَتْنِي كَبِيراً حَتَّى قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ كَانَتِ الطَّامَّةُ الْكُبْرَى، وَ اللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعانُ عَلى ما تَصِفُونَ.
And it is reported as well (by Ibn Abi Al Hadeed), from Jabir Al Jufy,
‘From Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws did not see any ease since Allah-azwj Sent Muhammad-saww. Quraysh had frightened me-asws when I-asws was young, and they were hostile to me-asws when I-asws was older, until Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, and the great calamity happened, and Allah is the Helper upon what you are describing [12:18]’’.
وَ رَوَى ابْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ- وَ هُوَ مِنْ أَعَاظِمِ رُوَاةِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ- فِي كِتَابِ الْإِمَامَةِ وَ السِّيَاسَةِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أُتِيَ بِهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ: أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ أَخُو رَسُولِهِ!
And it is reported by Ibn Quteyba – and he is from the great reporters of the adversaries – in the book ‘Al-Imamah Wa Al-Siyaya’, ‘Ali-asws was brought to Abu Bakr and he-asws was saying: ‘I-asws am a servant of Allah-azwj and brother-asws of His-azwj Rasool-saww’.
فَقِيلَ لَهُ: بَايِعْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ، فَقَالَ: أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ، وَ لَا أُبَايِعُكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ أَوْلَى بِالْبَيْعَةِ لِي، أَخَذْتُمْ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَ احْتَجَجْتُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْقَرَابَةِ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ تَأْخُذُونَهُ مِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتَ غَصْباً،
It was said to him-asws, ‘Pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr!’ He-asws said: ‘I-asws am more rightful with this command than you all are, and I-asws will not pledge allegiance to you and you are foremost with pledging allegiance to me-asws! You seized this command from the Helpers and you argued against them with (you having) the kinship from the Prophet-saww. You are seizing it from us-asws, People-asws of the Household by usurpation.
أَ لَسْتُمْ زَعَمْتُمْ لِلْأَنْصَارِ أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلَى بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لِمَكَانِ مُحَمَّدٍ (ص) مِنْكُمْ؟! فَأَعْطَوْكُمُ الْمَقَادَةَ، وَ سَلَّمُوا إِلَيْكُمُ الْإِمَارَةَ، فَأَنَا أَحْتَجُّ عَلَيْكُمْ بِمِثْلِ مَا احْتَجَجْتُمْ بِهِ عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ، نَحْنُ أَوْلَى بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ (ص) حَيّاً وَ مَيِّتاً
Didn’t you allege to the Helpers that you (Emigrants) are foremost with the command than them due to your positions from Muhammad-saww?! So, they gave you the seat and submitted the government to you. (Now) I-asws am arguing against you (Emigrants) with the like of what you had argued with against the Helpers. We-asws are foremost with Rasool-Allah-saww, when he-saww was alive and when he-saww had passed away.
فَأَنْصِفُونَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَخَافُونَ اللَّهَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ، وَ إِلَّا فَبُوءُوا بِالظُّلْمِ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ.
Be fair to us-asws, if you are fearing Allah-azwj from yourselves, or else you are going with the injustice and you are knowing’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: إِنَّكَ لَسْتَ مَتْرُوكاً حَتَّى تُبَايِعَ!. فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ (ع): احْلِبْ حَلْباً لَكَ شَطْرُهُ اشْدُدْهُ لَهُ الْيَوْمَ يَرْدُدْهُ عَلَيْكَ غَداً،
Umar said to him-asws, ‘You-asws will not be left alone until you-asws pledge allegiance’. Ali-asws said to him: ‘Milk the milk for you. You are giving it to him today, he will return it to you tomorrow’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَ اللَّهِ يَا عُمَرُ لَا أَقْبَلُ قَوْلَكَ، وَ لَا أُبَايِعُهُ. فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: فَإِنْ لَمْ تُبَايِعْنِي فَلَا أُكْرِهُكَ.
Then he-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj, O Umar! I-asws will not accept your words, nor will I-asws pledge allegiance to him’. Abu Bakr said to him-asws, ‘If you-asws do not pledge allegiance to me, then I will not force you-asws’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ! اللَّهَ .. اللَّهَ لَا تُخْرِجُوا سُلْطَانَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي الْعَرَبِ مِنْ دَارِهِ وَ قَعْرِ بَيْتِهِ إِلَى دُورِكُمْ وَ قُعُورِ بُيُوتِكُمْ، وَ تَدْفَعُوا أَهْلَهُ عَنْ مَقَامِهِ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَ حَقِّهِ،
Ali-asws said: ‘O community of the Emigrants! Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! Do not throw out the authority of Muhammad-saww among the Arabs, from his-saww house and the floor of his-saww chamber to your house and floor of your chambers, and you repelled his-saww family-asws from his-asws position from the people and his-asws right.
فَوَ اللَّهِ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ- لَنَحْنُ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ، مَا كَانَ فِيهَا الْقَارِئُ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ، الْفَقِيهُ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ، الْعَالِمُ بِسُنَنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ.
By Allah-azwj, O community of the Emigrants! We-asws, People-asws of the Household are more rightful of this command than you all. Is there no reciter of the Book of Allah-azwj, and the understanding one regarding the Religion of Allah-azwj, the knower with the Sunnah of Rasool-Allah-saww?’’
قَالَ ابْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ: وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى: أَخْرِجُوا عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَمَضَوْا بِهِ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَقَالُوا لَهُ: بَايِعْ. فَقَالَ: إِنْ أَنَا لَمْ أَفْعَلْ فَمَهْ؟!. فَقَالُوا: إِذًا وَ اللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ نَضْرِبَ عُنُقَكَ.
Ibn Quteyba said (in the book ‘Al-Imamah Wa Al-Siyasa’) – and in another report, ‘They brought out Ali-asws and they went with him-asws to Abu Bakr and said to him-asws, ‘Pledge allegiance!’ He-asws said: ‘If I-asws don’t do so, then what?!’ They said, ‘Then by Allah-azwj, there is no god except He-azwj! We will strike off your-asws neck’.
قَالَ: إِذًا تَقْتُلُونَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ وَ أَخَا رَسُولِهِ. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: أَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَنَعَمْ، وَ أَمَّا أَخَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَلَا،
He-asws said: ‘The you would be killing a servant of Allah-azwj and brother-asws of His-azwj Rasool-saww’. Umar said, ‘As for (you-asws being) a servant of Allah-azwj, so yes, and as for (you-asws being) a brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, so no’.
وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ سَاكِتٌ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: أَ لَا تَأْمُرُ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِكَ؟. فَقَالَ: لَا أُكْرِهُهُ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مَا كَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ،
And Abu Bakr was silent, not speaking. Umar said to him, ‘Will you not order regarding him-asws with your order?’ He said, ‘I will not force him-asws upon anything for as long as (Syeda) Fatima-asws is by his-asws side’.
فَلَحِقَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِقَبْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَصِيحُ وَ يَبْكِي وَ يُنَادِي يَ: ابْنَ أُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِي وَ كادُوا يَقْتُلُونَنِي ..
Ali-asws adhered with the grave of Rasool-Allah-saww, wailing and weeping, and calling out: ‘‘Son of my mother! Surely the people weakened me and they almost killed me, [7:150]’’.
ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ ابْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ: أَنَّهُمَا جَاءَا إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامُ مُعْتَذِرِينَ، فَقَالَتْ: نَشَدْتُكُمَا بِاللَّهِ أَ لَمْ تَسْمَعَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَقُولُ: رِضَا فَاطِمَةَ مِنْ رِضَايَ وَ سَخَطُ فَاطِمَةَ ابْنَتِي مِنْ سَخَطِي؟. وَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ فَاطِمَةَ ابْنَتِي فَقَدْ أَحَبَّنِي، وَ مَنْ أَسْخَطَ فَاطِمَةَ فَقَدْ أَسْخَطَنِي؟.
Then Ibn Quteyba mentioned, ‘Both of them (Abu Bakr and Umar) came to (Syeda) Fatima-asws offering excuses. She-asws said: ‘We-asws adjure you both to Allah-azwj! Did you two not hear Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Pleasure of (Syeda) Fatima-asws is from my-saww pleasure, and anger of (Syeda) Fatima-asws my-saww daughter-asws is from my-saww anger’? And one who loves (Syeda) Fatima-asws so he has loved me-saww, and one who angers (Syeda) Fatima-asws so he has angered me-saww’?’
قَالا: نَعَمْ، سَمِعْنَاهُ. قَالَتْ: فَإِنِّي أُشْهِدُ اللَّهَ وَ مَلَائِكَتَهُ أَنَّكُمَا أَسْخَطْتُمَانِي وَ مَا أَرْضَيْتُمَانِي، وَ لَئِنْ لَقِيتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَأَشْكُوَنَّكُمَا إِلَيْهِ.
They said, ‘Yes, we have heard it’. She-asws said: ‘So, I-asws hereby testify to Allah-azwj and His-azwj Angels that both of you have angered me-asws and have not pleased me-asws, and if I-asws were to meet the Prophet-saww, I-asws will complain of you to him-saww’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: أَنَا عَائِذٌ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ سَخَطِهِ وَ سَخَطِكِ يَا فَاطِمَةُ. ثُمَّ انْتَحَبَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَاكِياً تَكَادُ نَفْسُهُ أَنْ تَزْهَقَ، وَ هِيَ تَقُولُ: وَ اللَّهِ لَأَدْعُوَنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَيْكَ فِي كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ،
Abu Bakr said, ‘I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from His-azwj Wrath and your-asws anger O (Syeda) Fatima-asws’. Then Abu Bakr sobbed, wailing (to the point) that his soul was almost lost, and she-asws was saying: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws will supplicate to Allah-azwj against you during every Salat!’
وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَبْكِي وَ يَقُولُ: وَ اللَّهِ لَأَدْعُوَنَّ اللَّهَ لَكِ فِي كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ أُصَلِّيهَا .. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ بَاكِياً.
And Abu Bakr cried and he was saying, ‘By Allah-azwj! I will supplicate for you-asws during every Salat I pray’. Then he went out crying’’.[103]
38- وَ رَوَى أَيْضاً ابْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: فَاجْزِ قُرَيْشاً عَنِّي بِفِعَالِهَا، فَقَدْ قَطَعَتْ رَحِمِي، وَ ظَاهَرَتْ عَلَيَّ، وَ سَلَبَتْنِي سُلْطَانَ ابْنِ عَمِّي، وَ سَلَّمَتْ ذَلِكَ مِنْهَا لِمَنْ لَيْسَ فِي قَرَابَتِي وَ حَقِّي فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، وَ سَابِقَتِيَ الَّتِي لَا يَدَّعِي مِثْلَهَا مُدَّعٍ إِلَّا أَنْ يَدَّعِيَ مَا لَا أَعْرِفُهُ، وَ لَا أَظُنُّ اللَّهَ يَعْرِفُهُ.
And it is reported as well by Ibn Quteyba, ‘Ali-asws said: ‘Quraysh sanctioned me-asws by their deeds. They cut off my-asws relationships, and backed each other against me-asws, and stripped me-asws of the authority of the son-saww of my-asws uncle-as, and they submitted that to the one who wasn’t among my-asws relatives, and of my-asws rights in Al-Islam and my-asws precedence which no claimant can claim the like of it except if he were to claim what he did not know, nor did I-asws think Allah-azwj recognises him’’.[104]
39- وَ رَوَى أَيْضاً أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ: وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ- يَا بُنَيَّ مَا زِلْتُ مَظْلُوماً مَبْغِيّاً عَلَيَّ مُنْذُ هَلَكَ جَدُّكَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ.
And it is reported as well, he-asws said to Al-Hassan-asws: ‘And I-asws swear by Allah-azwj, O my-asws son-asws! I-asws have not ceased to be oppressed, rebelled against, since your-asws grandfather-saww passed away’’.[105]
40- وَ رَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ:- وَ قَدْ سَمِعَ صَارِخاً يُنَادِي أَنَا مَظْلُومٌ-، فَقَالَ: هَلُمَّ فَلْنَصْرَخْ مَعاً، فَإِنِّي مَا زِلْتُ مَظْلُوماً.
And it is reported by Ibn Abi Al-Hadeed, ‘Ali-asws said, and he-asws had heard a caller shout, ‘I am oppressed!’ so he-asws said: ‘Come and let us shout together, for I-asws have not ceased to be oppressed’’.[106]
41- وَ قَالَ: قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: مَا زِلْتُ مُسْتَأْثَراً عَلَيَّ مَدْفُوعاً عَمَّا أَسْتَحِقُّهُ وَ أَسْتَوْجِبُهُ.
And he (Ibn Abi Al Hadeed) said, ‘Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws have not ceased to be preferred over, repelled from what I-asws was rightful of and obliged of’’.[107]
42- وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: اللَّهُمَّ اجْزِ قُرَيْشاً فَإِنَّهَا مَنَعَتْنِي حَقِّي وَ غَصَبَتْنِي أَمْرِي.
And he-asws said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Recompense (Punish) Quraysh, for they have prevented me-asws of my-asws rights, and usurped me-asws of my-asws command’’.[108]
43- وَ رَوَى أَيْضاً، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَعْدِيكَ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَإِنَّهُمْ قَطَعُوا رَحِمِي، وَ غَصَبُونِي حَقِّي، وَ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى مُنَازَعَتِي أَمْراً كُنْتُ أَوْلَى بِهِ.
And it is reported (by Ibn Abi Al Hadeed) as well, from Jabir, from Abu Al Tufeyl who said,
‘O Allah-azwj! I-asws seek Your-azwj Assistance against Quraysh, for they have cut of my-asws relationships, and usurped me-asws of my-asws rights, and they united upon snatching a command which I-asws was foremost with it’’.[109]
44- وَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ شُرَيْحِ بْنِ هَانِئٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَعْدِيكَ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَإِنَّهُمْ قَطَعُوا رَحِمِي وَ وَضَعُوا إِنَائِي، وَ صَغَّرُوا عَظِيمَ مَنْزِلَتِي، وَ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى مُنَازَعَتِي.
And from Al Shabi, from Shureyh Bin Hany who said,
‘Ali-asws said: ‘O Allah-azwj! I-asws seek Your-azwj Assistance against Quraysh, for they have cut off my-asws relationships, and they have dropped my-asws container, and they have belittle the greatness of my-asws status, and they united upon disputing me-asws’’.[110]
45- وَ رَوَى السَّيِّدُ ابْنُ طَاوُسٍ فِي كِتَابِ الطَّرَائِفِ مِنَ الصَّحِيحَيْنِ وَ الْجَمْعِ بَيْنَهُمَا لِلْحَمِيدِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِمْ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ لِلْعَبَّاسِ وَ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَا هَذَا لَفْظُهُ: فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ .. فَجِئْتُمَا، أَنْتَ تَطْلُبُ مِيرَاثَكَ مِنِ ابْنِ أَخِيكَ، وَ يَطْلُبُ هَذَا مِيرَاثَ امْرَأَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهَا ..
And it is reported by the seyyid Ibn Tawoos in the book ‘Al Taraif’, from (the book) ‘Al Sahihayn’ and ‘Jama’a Bayn Al Sahiheyn’ of Al Hameedi, from Malik Bin Aws who said,
‘Umar said to Al-Abbas and Ali-asws, these are not his words (exactly), ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, Abu Bakr had said, ‘I am a heir of Rasool-Allah-saww’, and you two have come, you-asws are seeking your-asws inheritance from the son-saww of your-asws uncle-as, and this one is seeking inheritance of his wife from her father-saww’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: نَحْنُ مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَاهُ فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ، فَرَأَيْتُمَاهُ كَاذِباً آثِماً غَادِراً خَائِناً، وَ اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُ لَصَادِقٌ بَارٌّ رَاشِدٌ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ؟!
Abu Bakr had said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘We-asws, community of the Prophets-as, do not leave inheritance. Whatever we-as leave, it is charity’. Thus, I (Umar) find both of you as being liars, and Allah-azwj Knows that he (Abu Bakr) was truthful, righteous, follower of the truth!
ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقُلْتُ: أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ وَلِيُّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَرَأَيْتُمَانِي كَاذِباً آثِماً غَادِراً خَائِناً؟! وَ اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنِّي لَصَادِقٌ بَارٌّ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ! فَوُلِّيتُهَا، ثُمَّ جِئْتَ أَنْتَ وَ هَذَا وَ أَنْتُمَا جَمِيعٌ وَ أَمْرُكُمَا وَاحِدٌ فَقُلْتُمَا: ادْفَعْهَا إِلَيْنَا.
Then Abu Bakr died, so I (Umar) said, ‘I am a heir of Rasool-Allah-saww and heir of Abu Bakr (as well), and you two are viewing me as being a liar, a sinner, a deceiver, a betrayer! And Allah-azwj Knows that I am truthful, righteous, follower of the truth! So, I am in-charge of it, then you-asws and this one have come together and both your matters are one, and you are saying, ‘Hand it over to us’’.[111]
46- وَ قَالَ السَّيِّدُ الْمُرْتَضَى عَلَمُ الْهُدَى رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي الشَّافِي: قَدْ رَوَى جَمِيعُ أَهْلِ السِّيَرِ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَ الْعَبَّاسَ لَمَّا تَنَازَعَا فِي الْمِيرَاثِ وَ تَخَاصَمَا إِلَى عُمَرَ، قَالَ عُمَرُ: مَنْ يَعْذِرُنِي مِنْ هَذَيْنِ، وُلِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ. فَقَالا: عَقَّ وَ ظَلَمَ، وَ اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ بَرّاً تَقِيّاً، ثُمَّ وُلِّيتُ فَقَالا: عَقَّ وَ ظَلَمَ. وَ غَيْرُ خَافٍ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ إِنَّمَا كَانُوا يُجَامِلُونَهُ وَ يُجَامِلُهُمْ.
And Al-Seyiid Al-Murtaza said in (the book) ‘Al-Shafi’, ‘The entirety of the ‘Seerah’ reporters have reported that Amir Al-Momineen-asws and Al-Abbas, then they disputed regarding the inheritance and they took their case to Umar, Umar said, ‘Who can excuse me from these two? Abu Bakr ruled, and they both said, ‘He is disloyal and unjust!’ And Allah-azwj Knows that he was righteous, pious. Then I am the ruler, and they are saying, ‘He is disloyal and unjust!’ And there is no fear upon them, and rather they were complimenting him and he was complimenting them’’.[112]
47- وَ رَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَعْثَمَ الْكُوفِيُّ فِي تَارِيخِهِ، قَالَ: كَتَبَ مُعَاوِيَةُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّ الْحَسَدَ عَشَرَةُ أَجْزَاءٍ تِسْعَةٌ مِنْهَا فِيكَ وَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهَا فِي سَائِرِ النَّاسِ، وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَلِ أُمُورَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ أَحَدٌ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ [وَ آلِهِ] إِلَّا وَ لَهُ قَدْ حَسَدْتَ، وَ عَلَيْهِ تَعَدَّيْتَ،
And it is reported by Ahmad Bin A’sam Al-Kufi in his history, said, ‘Muawiya wrote to Ali-asws, ‘As for after – The envy is of ten parts, nine of these are regarding you-asws and one is regarding rest of the people, and that is because no one took charge of the affairs of this community after the Prophet-saww except and you-asws envied him and you-asws rebelled against him.
وَ عَرَفْنَا ذَلِكَ مِنْكَ فِي النَّظَرِ الشَّزْرِ، وَ قَوْلِكَ الْهَجْرِ، وَ تَنَفُّسِكَ الصُّعَدَاءَ، وَ إِبْطَائِكَ عَنِ الْخُلَفَاءِ، تُقَادُ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ كَمَا يُقَادُ الْجَمَلُ الْمَخْشُوشُ حَتَّى تُبَايِعَ وَ أَنْتَ كَارِهٌ،
And we have recognised that from you in the look of disapproval, and your-asws harsh words, and your-asws breathing the sighs, and your-asws being sluggish to the caliphs. You sat back to the allegiance just as the camel led by the noose is seated, until you-asws did pledge allegiance and you-asws abhorred it.
ثُمَّ إِنِّي لَا أَنْسَى فِعْلَكَ بِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ عَلَى قِلَّةِ الشَّرْحِ وَ الْبَيَانِ، وَ وَ اللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ لَنَطْلُبَنَّ قَتَلَةَ عُثْمَانَ فِي الْبَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ وَ الْجِبَالِ وَ الرِّمَالِ حَتَّى نَقْتُلَهُمْ أَوْ لَنُلْحِقَنَّ أَرْوَاحَنَا بِاللَّهِ، وَ السَّلَامُ.
Then I do not forget your-asws deed with Usman Bin Affan upon the little commentary and the expiation, and by Allah-azwj, the One-azwj Who there is no god except He-azwj, we will seek the killers of Usman in the land and in the sea and upon the mountain and in the desert, until we kill them or our souls join up with Allah-azwj. Greetings!’
فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّهُ أَتَانِي كِتَابُكَ تَذْكُرُ فِيهِ حَسَدِي لِلْخُلَفَاءِ، وَ إِبْطَائِي عَلَيْهِمْ، وَ النَّكِيرَ لِأَمْرِهِمْ فَلَسْتُ أَعْتَذِرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْكَ وَ لَا إِلَى غَيْرِكَ، وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا قُبِضَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ [وَ آلِهِ] وَ اخْتَلَفَ الْأُمَّةُ، قَالَتْ قُرَيْشٌ: مِنَّا الْأَمِيرُ، وَ قَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ: بَلْ مِنَّا الْأَمِيرُ،
Ali-asws wrote to him: ‘As for after – Your letter came to me-asws mentioning in it my-asws envy towards the caliphs, and my-asws being sluggish to them, and the dislike off their matters. I-asws will not make excuses from that to you, nor to anyone else, and that is because, when the Prophet-saww passed away and the community differed, Quraysh said, ‘The ruler should be from us!’ And the Helpers said, ‘But, the ruler should be from us!’
فَقَالَتْ قُرَيْشٌ: مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ [وَ آلِهِ] مِنَّا، وَ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ، فَسَلَّمَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ لِقُرَيْشٍ الْوِلَايَةَ وَ السُّلْطَانَ، فَإِنَّمَا تَسْتَحِقُّهَا قُرَيْشٌ بِمُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ [وَ آلِهِ] دُونَ الْأَنْصَارِ، فَنَحْنُ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا مِنْ غَيْرِنَا ..
Quraysh said, ‘Muhammad-saww is from us and we are more rightful with the command that you all’. So, the Helpers submitted the governance and the authority to Quraysh. Thus, Quraysh considered themselves to be deserving due to Muhammad-saww, besides the Helpers, and we-asws, People-asws of the Household are more rightful than others’ –
إِلَى قَوْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: وَ قَدْ كَانَ أَبُوكَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ جَاءَنِي فِي الْوَقْتِ الَّذِي بَايَعَ النَّاسُ فِيهِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ، فَقَالَ لِي: أَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْ غَيْرِكَ، وَ أَنَا يَدُكَ عَلَى مَنْ خَالَفَكَ، وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ لَأَمْلَأَنَّ الْمَدِينَةَ خَيْلًا وَ رَجِلًا عَلَى ابْنِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ،
Up to his-asws words: ‘And your father Abu Sufyan had come to me-asws during the time which the people had pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, and he said to me-asws, ‘You-asws are more rightful with this command than others, and I will be your-asws hand (support) against the one who opposes you-asws, and if you-asws like, I will fill Al-Medina with horses and men against Ibn Abu Quhafa’.
فَلَمْ أَقْبَلْ ذَلِكَ، وَ اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ أَبَاكَ قَدْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَكُنْتُ أَنَا الَّذِي أَبَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ مَخَافَةَ الْفُرْقَةِ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَإِنْ تَعْرِفْ مِنْ حَقِّي مَا كَانَ أَبُوكَ يَعْرِفُهُ لِي فَقَدْ أَصَبْتَ رُشْدَكَ، وَ إِنْ أَبَيْتَ فَهَا أَنَا قَاصِدٌ إِلَيْكَ، وَ السَّلَامُ..
I-asws did not accept that, and Allah-azwj Knows that your father would have done that, but I-asws was the one who refused him fearing the sectarianism between the people of Al-Islam. So, if you recognise from my-asws rights what your father had recognised for me-asws, then you would have attain correct guidance, and if you refuse, then here I-asws am heading to you (for battle))! Greetings!’’[113]
48- وَ رَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ، عَنِ الْكَلْبِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا أَرَادَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ الْمَسِيرَ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ، قَامَ فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ، فَقَالَ- بَعْدَ أَنْ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى رَسُولِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ-: .. إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمَّا قَبَضَ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اسْتَأْثَرَتْ عَلَيْنَا قُرَيْشٌ بِالْأَمْرِ، وَ دَفَعَتْنَا عَنْ حَقٍّ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنَ النَّاسِ كَافَّةً،
And it is reported by Ibn Abu Al Hadeed, from Al Kalby who said,
‘When Ali-asws intended the journey to Al-Basra (for battle), he-asws stood and addressed the people. He-asws said after having praised Allah-azwj and sending Salawat upon His-azwj Rasool-saww: ‘When Allah-azwj Caused His-azwj Prophet-saww to pass away, Quraysh took exclusive possession of the command over us-asws, and repelled us-asws from a right we-asws were more rightful with than all the people.
فَرَأَيْتُ أَنَّ الصَّبْرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ تَفْرِيقِ كَلِمَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَ سَفْكِ دِمَائِهِمْ، وَ النَّاسُ حَدِيثُو عَهْدٍ بِالْإِسْلَامِ، وَ الدِّينُ يَمْخَضُ مَخْضَ الْوَطْبِ يُفْسِدُهُ أَدْنَى وَهْنٍ، وَ يَعْتِكُهُ أَقَلُّ خُلْفٍ،
I saw that the patience upon that is better than dividing the words of the Muslims, and shedding their blood, and the people were new to the covenant with Al-Islam, and the Religion is a mixture of the buttered food, the least weakness spoils it, and the smallest of substitutions would soften it.
فَوُلِّيَ الْأَمْرَ قَوْمٌ لَمْ يَأْلُوا فِي أَمْرِهِمْ اجْتِهَاداً، ثُمَّ انْتَقَلُوا إِلَى دَارِ الْجَزَاءِ، وَ اللَّهُ وَلِيُّ تَمْحِيصِ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ، وَ الْعَفْوِ عَنْ هَفَوَاتِهِمْ.
I-asws was placed in charge of the command by a people who did not give up on the diligence regarding their affairs, then they will be transferring to the house of the Hereafter. By Allah-azwj! My-asws ruler-ship is to separate out their evil deeds, and forgive from their lapses’’.[114]
49- وَ رَوَى- أَيْضاً-، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُنَادَةَ، قَالَ: قَدِمْتُ مِنَ الْحِجَازِ أُرِيدُ الْعِرَاقَ فِي أَوَّلِ إِمَارَةِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، فَمَرَرْتُ بِمَكَّةَ فَاعْتَمَرْتُ، ثُمَّ قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ، فَدَخَلْتُ مَسْجِدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا نُودِيَ: الصَّلَاةَ جَامِعَةً، فَاجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ، وَ خَرَجَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مُتَقَلِّداً سَيْفَهُ،
And it is reported as well (by Ibn Abu Al Hadeed), from Ali Bin Muhammad Al Madainy, from Abdullah Bin Junadah who said,
‘I arrive from Al-Hijaz intending Al-Iraq during the beginning of the government of Ali-asws, and I passed by Makkah, and I performed Umrah. Then I arrived at Al-Medina, and entered Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww when there was a call, ‘The congregational Salat!’ The people gathered and Ali-asws came out collared by his-asws sword.
فَشَخَصَتِ الْأَبْصَارُ نَحْوَهُ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى رَسُولِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا قَبَضَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قُلْنَا: نَحْنُ أَهْلُهُ وَ وَرَثَتُهُ وَ عِتْرَتُهُ وَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ دُونَ النَّاسِ، لَا يُنَازِعُنَا سُلْطَانَهُ أَحَدٌ، وَ لَا يَطْمَعُ فِي حَقِّنَا طَامِعٌ،
The sights were staring at him-asws. He-asws praised Allah-azwj, then said: ‘As for after – when Allah-azwj Caused His-azwj Prophet-saww to pass away, we-asws, his-saww people, and his-saww inheritors, and his-saww family-asws, and his friends besides the people, said, ‘No one would snatch away his-saww authority from us-asws, nor would any coveter covet regarding our-asws rights’.
إِذِ انْتَزَى لَنَا قَوْمُنَا فَغَصَبُونَا سُلْطَانَ نَبِيِّنَا، فَصَارَتِ الْإِمْرَةُ لِغَيْرِنَا، وَ صِرْنَا سُوقَةً يَطْمَعُ فِينَا الضَّعِيفُ وَ يَتَغَزَّرُ عَلَيْنَا الذَّلِيلُ، فَبَكَتِ الْأَعْيُنُ مِنَّا لِذَلِكَ، وَ خَشُنَتِ الصُّدُورُ، وَ جَزِعَتِ النُّفُوسُ،
Then our-asws people objected to us-asws and they usurped us-asws the authority of our-asws Prophet-saww, and the government came to be for others, and we became ordinary citizens. The weak coveted regarding us-asws and the disgraced ones revered us-asws. The eyes from us-asws cried to that, and the chests were apprehensive, and the souls were alarmed.
وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَا مَخَافَةُ الْفُرْقَةِ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَ أَنْ يَعُودَ الْكُفْرُ، وَ يَبُورَ الدِّينُ، لَكُنَّا عَلَى غَيْرِ مَا كُنَّا لَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ، فَوَلِيَ النَّاسَ وُلَاةٌ لَمْ يَأْلُوا النَّاسَ خَيْراً، ثُمَّ اسْتَخْرَجْتُمُونِي- أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ- مِنْ بَيْتِي فَبَايَعْتُمُونِي.
And I-asws swear by Allah-azwj! Had I-asws not feared the sectarianism between the Muslims, and that they would return to Kufr, and the Religion would perish, we-asws would have been upon other than what we-asws were upon towards them. The people were ruled by such rulers they did not rule the people with goodness. Then you brought me-asws out – O you people – from my-asws house, and pledge allegiances to me-asws’’.[115]
50- وَ قَالَ السَّيِّدُ الْجَلِيلُ ابْنُ طَاوُسٍ فِي كِتَابِ الطَّرَائِفِ: رَوَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ فِي كِتَابِهِ- وَ هُوَ مِنْ أَعْيَانِ أَئِمَّتِهِمْ-، وَ رَوَاهُ أَيْضاً الْمُسَمَّى عِنْدَهُمْ صَدْرَ الْأَئِمَّةِ أَخْطَبُ خُطَبَاءِ خُوارِزْمَ مُوَفَّقُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَكِّيُّ ثُمَّ الْخُوارِزْمِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ الْأَرْبَعِينَ، قَالَ: عَنِ الْإِمَامِ الطَّبَرَانِيِ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الرَّازِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ زَافِرِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ، قَالَ:
And the majestic seyyid Ibn Tawoos said in the book ‘Al Taraaif’ – ‘It is reported by Abu Bakr Ahmad Bin Mardawayh in his book – and he is from the notables of their imams – and it is reported as well by the one named in their presence as the head of the imams, the preacher of the preachers, Mhuwarizm Mowaqqaf Bin Ahmad al Makky, then Al Khawarizmy in the book ‘Al Arbaeen’ who said, ‘From the imam Al Tabrani, from Saeed Al Razy, from Muhammad Bin Humeyd, from Zafir Bin Suleyman, from Al Haris Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Tufayl who said,
كُنْتُ عَلَى الْبَابِ يَوْمَ الشُّورَى فَارْتَفَعَتِ الْأَصْوَاتُ بَيْنَهُمْ، فَسَمِعْتُ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ: بَايَعَ النَّاسُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ أَنَا- وَ اللَّهِ- أَوْلَى بِالْأَمْرِ مِنْهُ وَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْهُ، فَسَمِعْتُ وَ أَطَعْتُ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ الْقَوْمُ كُفَّاراً يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُهُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ بِالسَّيْفِ،
‘I was at the door on the day of the consultation and the voices were raised between them. I heard Ali-asws saying: ‘The people pledged allegiances to Abu Bakr and by Allah-azwj, I-asws was foremost with the command than him and more rightful with it than him, but I-asws kept quiet and obeyed, fearing that the people would return to Kufr, striking the necks of each others with the sword.
ثُمَّ بَايَعَ أبا [أَبُو] بَكْرٍ لِعُمَرَ وَ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِالْأَمْرِ مِنْهُ، فَسَمِعْتُ وَ أَطَعْتُ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ الْقَوْمُ كُفَّاراً، ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ تُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تَبَايِعُوا عُثْمَانَ إِذَنْ لَا أَسْمَعُ وَ لَا أُطِيعُ.
Then Umar pledged to Abu Bakr, and although I-asws was foremost with the command than him. I-asws kept quiet and obeyed, fearing that the people would return to be Kafirs. Then (now) you are intending to pledge allegiances to Usman, then I-asws will neither be quiet nor obey’’.[116]
51- وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى رَوَاهَا ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ أَيْضاً .. وَ سَاقَ قَوْلَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ مُبَايَعَتِهِمْ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ كَمَا ذَكَرَهُ فِي الرِّوَايَةِ الْمُتَقَدِّمَةِ سَوَاءً، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي عُثْمَانَ: ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ تُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تُبَايِعُوا عُثْمَانَ إِذَنْ لَا أَسْمَعُ وَ لَا أُطِيعُ، إِنَّ عُمَرَ جَعَلَنِي فِي خَمْسَةِ نَفَرٍ أَنَا سَادِسُهُمْ لَا يَعْرِفُ لِي فَضْلًا فِي الصَّلَاحِ وَ لَا يَعْرِفُونَهُ لِي، كَأَنَّمَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ شَرَعٌ سَوَاءٌ،
And in another report reported by Ibn Mardawayh as well, and he continued the words of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws about their allegiance to Abu Bakr and Umar, just as is mentioned in the previous report, the same, except that he-asws said to (people during their allegiance to) Usman: ‘Then you are intending to pledge allegiance to Usman, then I-asws will neither keep quiet nor obey. Umar made me-asws to be among five persons, I-asws being their sixth, neither recognising any merit for me-asws regarding the reconciliation, nor did they recognise it for me-asws. It was as if we were equal in the beginning.
وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَشَاءُ أَنْ أَتَكَلَّمَ لَتَكَلَّمْتُ ثُمَّ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ عَرَبِيُّكُمْ وَ لَا عَجَمِيُّكُمْ وَ لَا الْمُعَاهِدُ مِنْكُمْ وَ لَا الْمُشْرِكُ رَدَّ خَصْلَةٍ مِنْهَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَنْشُدُكُمُ اللَّهَ أَيُّهَا الْخَمْسَةُ أَ مِنْكُمْ أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ غَيْرِي؟! قَالُوا: لَا..
And I-asws swear by Allah-azwj! If I-asws so desire, I-asws would speak such words, neither will your non-Arabs nor your Arabs would (be able to) tolerate, nor the Unitarian from you, nor the Polytheist would be able to reply to any characteristic from it’. Then he-asws said: ‘I-asws adjure you all with Allah-azwj, o you five! Is there anyone among you who is a brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww apart from me-asws?! They said, ‘No!’’[117]
52- وَ ذَكَرَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ فِي الْجُزْءِ الرَّابِعِ مِنْ كِتَابِ الْعِقْدِ، وَ أَبُو هِلَالٍ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ الْأَوَائِلِ فِي الْخُطْبَةِ الَّتِي خَطَبَ بِهَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَقِيبَ مُبَايَعَةِ النَّاسِ لَهُ- وَ هِيَ أَوَّلُ خُطْبَةٍ خَطَبَهَا- فَقَالَ، بَعْدَ إِشَارَاتٍ ظَاهِرَةٍ وَ بَاطِنَةٍ إِلَى التَّأَلُّمِ مِمَّنْ تَقَدَّمَهُ وَ مِمَّنْ وَافَقَهُمْ- مَا هَذَا لَفْظُهُ-:
And it is mentioned by Ibn Abu Rabbih in the fourth volume of the book ‘Al-Iqd’, and Abu Hilal Al-Askari in the book ‘Al-Awaail’ in the sermon which was preached by Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib as a consequence of the people pledging allegiances to him-asws – and it is the first sermon he-asws had preached, he-asws said after indicating apparently and hidden to the pains (inflicted) from the one who preceded him-asws, and from the one who were concordant with them – these are his-asws words:
وَ قَدْ كَانَتْ أُمُورٌ مِلْتُمْ فِيهَا عَنِ الْحَقِّ مَيْلًا كَثِيراً كُنْتُمْ فِيهَا غَيْرَ مَحْمُودِينَ. أما إنّي لو أشاء أن أقول لقلت عَفَا اللَّهُ عَمَّا سَلَفَ، سبق الرجلان و قام الثالث كالغراب همّته بطنه، ويله! لو قصّ جناحاه و قطع رأسه لكان خيرا له، انظروا فإن أنكرتم فأنكروا و إن عرفتم فاعرفوا ..
‘And the matters during it had inclined away from the truth, inclining away a lot, you were all unpraised-worthy during it. As for I-asws, had I-asws so desired, I-asws would have said: ‘May Allah-azwj Pardon from what is past’. The two men preceded, and the third one stood up like the crow whose main concern was his stomach. Woe be unto him! If his wings had been clipped, and his head cut off, it would have been better for him. Consider, so if you deny it, then deny it, and if you recognise it, then recognise it’.
ثُمَّ يَقُولُ فِي آخِرِهَا مَا هَذَا لَفْظُهُ- عَلَى مَا حَكَاهُ صَاحِبُ كِتَابِ الْعِقْدِ-: أَلَا إِنَّ الْأَبْرَارَ مِنْ عِتْرَتِي وَ أَطَايِبِ أَرُومَتِي أَحْلَمُ النَّاسِ صِغَاراً وَ أَعْلَمُهُمْ كِبَاراً،
Then he-asws said at the end of it, and these are his-asws words, upon what the author of the book ‘Al-Iqd’ has related: ‘Indeed! I-asws was the best of my-asws family and the most forbearing of the people when young, and their most knowledgeable when old.
أَلَا وَ إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ مِنْ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ عَلِمْنَا، وَ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ حَكَمْنَا، وَ مِنْ قَوْلِ صَادِقٍ سَمِعْنَا، فَإِنْ تَتَّبِعُوا آثَارَنَا تَهْتَدُوا بِبَصَائِرِنَا، مَعَنَا رَايَةُ الْحَقِّ مَنْ تَبِعَهَا لَحِقَ وَ مَنْ تَأَخَّرَ عَنْهَا غَرِقَ،
Indeed! And we-asws, People-asws of the Household, we-asws learnt from the Knowledge of Allah-azwj, and Allah-azwj Gave us-asws the wisdom we-asws have, and we-asws listened from the words of a truthful. So, if you were to follow our-asws tracks, you will be guided by our-asws insights. With us-asws is the flag of the truth. One who follows it would join up, and one who delays from it would drown.
أَلَا وَ بِنَا يُرَدُّ تِرَةُ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ، وَ بِنَا تُخْلَعُ رِبْقَةُ الذُّلِّ مِنْ أَعْنَاقِهِمْ، وَ بِنَا فُتِحَ، وَ بِنَا يُخْتَمُ.
Indeed! By us-asws repeats the time of every Momin, and by us-asws the noose of disgrace is removed from their necks, and by us-asws was the beginning and by would be the end’’.[118]
53- وَ رَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ يَوْماً عَلَى عُمَرَ، فَقَالَ لِي: يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! لَقَدْ أَجْهَدَ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ نَفْسَهُ فِي الْعِبَادَةِ حَتَّى نحلت [نَحَلَتْهُ] رِيَاءً. قُلْتُ: مَنْ هُوَ؟. قَالَ عُمَرُ: الْأَجْلَحُ- يَعْنِي عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ-.
And it is reported by Ibn Abi Al Hadeed, from Ibn Abbas having said,
‘One day I entered to see Umar. He said to me, ‘O Ibn Abbas! This man (Ali-asws) has exerted his-asws self in the worship until he-asws has slimmed, like showing-off’. I said, ‘Who is he?’ Umar said, ‘The one of receding hairline’ – meaning Ali-asws.
قُلْتُ: وَ مَا يَقْصِدُ بِالرِّيَاءِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ؟. قَالَ: يُرَشِّحُ نَفْسَهُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ لِلْخِلَافَةِ. قُلْتُ: وَ مَا يَصْنَعُ بِالتَّرْشِيحِ؟! قَدْ رَشَّحَهُ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَصُرِفَتْ عَنْهُ.
I said, ‘And what is his-asws aim with the showing-off, O commander of the faithful?’ He said, ‘So he-asws can get himself-asws nominated by the people for the Caliphate’. I said, ‘And what will he-asws do with the nomination?! Rasool-Allah-saww had nominated him-asws, but it was turned away from him-asws’.
قَالَ: إِنَّهُ كَانَ شَابّاً حَدَثاً فَاسْتَصْغَرَتِ الْعَرَبُ سِنَّهُ، وَ قَدْ كَمَلَ الْآنَ، أَ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَبْعَثْ نَبِيّاً إِلَّا بَعْدَ الْأَرْبَعِينَ؟!.
He said, ‘He was young man and the Arabs belittled his-asws age, and now it is complete. Do you not know that Allah-azwj did not Send the Prophet-saww except after (the age of) forty?’
قُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! أَمَّا أَهْلُ الْحِجَى وَ النُّهَى فَإِنَّهُمْ مَا زَالُوا يَعُدُّونَهُ كَامِلًا مُنْذُ رَفَعَ اللَّهُ مَنَارَ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ يَعُدُّونَهُ مَحْرُوماً مَحْدُوداً.
I said, ‘O commander of the faithful! As for the people of the insight and intellect, have not ceased to count him-asws as perfect since Allah-azwj Raised up the minaret of Al-Islam, and but they are counting him-asws as deprived, limited’.
فَقَالَ: أَمَا إِنَّهُ سَيَلِيهَا بَعْدَ هِيَاطٍ وَ مِيَاطٍ، ثُمَّ تَزِلُّ فِيهَا قَدَمُهُ، وَ لَا يَقْضِي فِيهَا إِرْبَهُ، وَ لَتَكُونَنَّ شَاهِداً ذَلِكَ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ، ثُمَّ يَتَبَيَّنُ الصُّبْحُ لِذِي عَيْنَيْنِ، وَ يَعْلَمُ الْعَرَبُ صِحَّةَ رَأْيِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ الَّذِينَ صَرَفُوكَهَا عَنْهُ بَادِئَ بَدْءٍ، فَلَيْتَنِي أَرَاكُمْ بَعْدِي- يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ- إِنَّ الْحِرْصَ مُحَرَّمَةٌ، وَ إِنَّ الدُّنْيَا كَظِلِّكَ كُلَّمَا هَمَمْتَ بِهِ ازْدَادَ عَنْكَ بُعْداً.
He said, ‘But, its torrent is after the rains and the waters (springs), then the feet slipped in it, and no need was fulfilled in it, and you happened to have witnessed that, O servant of Allah-azwj. Then the morning was seen with the two eyes, and the Arabs knew the correctness of the view of the first Emigrants, those who turned it away from him-asws in the beginning. Alas! I can see you all after me, O servant of Allah-azwj! The greed is prohibited, and the world is like your shadow. Every time you are interest in it, it increases in remoteness from you’’.
وَ رَوَى- أَيْضاً- عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ مَعَ عُمَرَ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَانْفَرَدَ يَوْماً يَسِيرُ عَلَى بَعِيرِهِ فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ، فَقَالَ لِي: يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! أَشْكُو إِلَيْكَ ابْنَ عَمِّكَ، سَأَلْتُهُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مَعِي فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ، وَ لَا أَزَالُ أَرَاهُ وَاجِداً، فَبِمَا تَظُنُّ مَوْجِدَتَهُ؟.
And it is reported as well (by Ibn Abi Al Hadeed), from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘I went out to Syria with Umar. One day he was alone travelling with his camel, and I followed him. He said to me, ‘O Ibn Abbas! I complain to you of the son-asws of your uncle-as. I asked him-asws to go out with me, but he-asws did not do so, and I have not ceased to see him-asws as angry. So, due to what do you think is his-asws anger?’
قُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ! إِنَّكَ لَتَعْلَمُ. قَالَ: أَظُنُّهُ لَا يَزَالُ كَئِيباً لِفَوْتِ الْخِلَافَةِ. قُلْتُ: هُوَ ذَاكَ، إِنَّهُ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَرَادَ الْأَمْرَ لَهُ.
I said, ‘O commander of the faithful! You know (it)’. He said, ‘I think he-asws has not ceased to be gloomy at the loss of the caliphate’. I said, ‘He-asws is that. He-asws claims that Rasool-Allah-saww had intended the command to be for him-asws’.
فَقَالَ: يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ! وَ أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَكَانَ مَا ذَا إِذَا لَمْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى ذَلِكَ! إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا أَرَادَ أمر [أَمْراً] وَ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ غَيْرَهُ، نَفَذَ مُرَادُ اللَّهِ وَ لَمْ يَنْفُذْ مُرَادُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، أَ وَ كُلَّمَا أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَانَ؟! إِنَّهُ أَرَادَ إِسْلَامَ عَمِّهِ وَ لَمْ يُرِدْهُ اللَّهُ فَلَمْ يُسْلِمْ!.
He said, ‘O Ibn Abbas! And the intention of Rasool-Allah-azwj, what is that, when Allah-azwj the Exalted did not Want that! Rasool-Allah-saww wants a matter and Allah-azwj Wants something else, the Purpose of Allah-azwj should be implemented and the purpose of Rasool-Allah-saww should not be implemented. Or is that every time Rasool-Allah-saww wanted (something), it happened?! He-asws wanted Islam of his-asws uncle-saww and Allah-azwj did not Want it, so he-asws did not submit!’’[119]
54- قَالَ: وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ مَعْنَى هَذَا الْخَبَرِ بِغَيْرِ هَذَا اللَّفْظِ، وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُذَكِّرَهُ لِلْأَمْرِ فِي مَرَضِهِ فَصَدَدْتُهُ عَنْهُ خَوْفاً مِنَ الْفِتْنَةِ وَ انْتِشَارِ أَمْرِ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَعَلِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مَا فِي نَفْسِي وَ أَمْسَكَ، وَ أَبَى اللَّهُ إِلَّا إِمْضَاءَ مَا حُتِمَ.
He (Ibn Abi Al-Hadeed) said, ‘And this Hadeeth has been reported with other than these words, and it is his (Umar)’s word: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww wanted to mention him-asws for the command during his-saww illness, I (Umar) blocked him-saww from it, fearing from the Fitna, and the scattering of the matters of Al-Islam. Rasool-Allah-saww knew what was within myself and he-saww withheld, and Allah-azwj Refused except the accomplishment of what He-azwj had Ordained’’.[120]
55- وَ قَدْ رَوَى فِي الْمِشْكَاةِ- الَّذِي هُوَ مِنْ أُصُولِهِمُ الْمُتَدَاوِلَةِ الْيَوْمَ- عَنْ زِرِّ بْنِ حُبَيْشٍ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: وَ الَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَ بَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ إِنَّهُ لَعَهِدَ إِلَيَّ النَّبِيُّ الْأُمِّيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنْ لَا يُحِبَّنِي إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يُبْغِضَنِي إِلَّا مُنَافِقٌ.
And it has been reported in (the book) ‘Al Mishkaat’ – that which is from their principles circulating today – from Zarr Bin Hubeysh who said,
‘Ali-asws said to me: ‘By the One-azwj Who Split the seed and Formed the person! It had been pacted to me-asws by the Prophet-saww, the Ummy, that no one will love me-asws except a Momin, nor hate me-asws except a hypocrite’’.[121]
56- وَ رَوَى- أَيْضاً- بِأَسَانِيدَ، عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ، قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: لَا يُحِبُّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مُنَافِقٌ وَ لَا يُبْغِضُهُ مُؤْمِنٌ.
And it is reported as well (in the book ‘Al-Mishkaat’), by the chains from Umm Salama-ra having said: ‘Ali-asws will neither be loved by a hypocrite nor hated by a Momin’’.
قَالَ: رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَ التِّرْمِذِيُ عَنْهَا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَيْضاً قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: مَنْ سَبَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَدْ سَبَّنِي.
He said, ‘I tis reported by Ahmad, and Al-Tirmzi, from her-ra as well. She-ra said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who reviles Ali-asws so he has reviled me-saww’’.[122]
57- وَ رَوَى ابْنُ شِيرَوَيْهِ الدَّيْلَمِيُّ- وَ هُوَ مِنْ مَشَاهِيرِ مُحَدِّثِيهِمْ- فِي كِتَابِ الْفِرْدَوْسِ فِي بَابِ الْمِيمِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: مَنْ سَبَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَدْ سَبَّنِي وَ مَنْ سَبَّنِي فَقَدْ سَبَّ اللَّهَ، وَ مَنْ سَبَّ اللَّهَ أَدْخَلَهُ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ، وَ لَهُ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ.
And it is reported by Ibn Sheyrawiya Al Daylami – and he is from their famous narrators – in the book ‘Al Firdows’, in the chapter ‘Al Meem’, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who reviles Ali-asws so he has reviled me-saww, and one who reviles me-saww so he has reviled Allah-azwj, and one who reviles Allah-azwj, He-azwj would Enter him into the Fire of Hell, and for him would be a mighty Punishment’’.[123]
58- وَ عَنْ سَلْمَانَ، قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: يَا عَلِيُّ! مُحِبُّكَ مُحِبِّي وَ مُبْغِضُكَ مُبْغِضِي.
(The book ‘Al Firdows’) – And from Salman-ra having said: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Your-asws loving one loves me-saww, and your-asws hating one hates me-saww’’.[124]
59- وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: يَا عَلِيُّ! مَا يُبْغِضُكَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ إِلَّا مُنَافِقٌ وَ مَنْ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَ هِيَ حَائِضٌ.
(The book ‘Al-Firdows’) – And from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! No one from the men would hate you-asws except a hypocrite and one whose mother conceived him when she was menstruating’’.[125]
60- وَ رَوَى أَيْضاً فِي بَابِ الثَّاءِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: ثَلَاثٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي وَ لَا أَنَا مِنْهُ: مَنْ أَبْغَضَ عَلِيّاً وَ نَصَبَ لِأَهْلِ بَيْتِي، وَ مَنْ قَالَ: الْإِيمَانُ كَلَامٌ.
And it is reported as well (in the book ‘Al Firdows’), in the second chapter, from Jabir Bin Abdullah who said,
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Three (characteristics), one who has these in him, so he isn’t from me-saww nor am I-saww from him. One who hates Ali-asws and is hostile to the People-asws of my-saww Household, and the one who says, ‘The Eman is (only) talk’’’.[126]
61- وَ رَوَى فِي جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، قَالَ: إِنَّا كُنَّا لَنَعْرِفُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ- نَحْنُ مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْصَارِ- بِبُغْضِهِمْ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ]،.
And it is reported in (the book) ‘Jamie Al-Usool’ – From Abu (Umm) Salama-ra having said: ‘We used to recognise the hypocrites – we the community of Helpers – by their hatred of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[127]
62- وَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: لَا يُحِبُّ عَلِيّاً [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ] مُنَافِقٌ وَ لَا يُبْغِضُهُ مُؤْمِنٌ.
(The book ‘Jamie Al-Usool’) – And from Ibn Saeed who said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Neither will Ali-asws be loved by a hypocrite nor be hated by a Momin’’.
وَ عَنْ زِرِّ بْنِ حُبَيْشٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيّاً [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ] يَقُولُ: وَ الَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَ بَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ إِنَّهُ لَعَهِدَ النَّبِيُّ الْأُمِّيُّ إِلَيَّ أَنَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّنِي إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يُبْغِضُنِي إِلَّا مُنَافِقٌ.
(The book ‘Jamie Al-Usool’) – And from Zirr Bin Hubeysh who said, ‘I heard Ali-asws saying: ‘By the One-azwj Who Split the seed and Formed the person! Surely the Prophet-saww, the Ummy, made a pact to me-asws that no one will love me-asws except a Momin, nor hate me-asws except a hypocrite’’. [128]
63- وَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْبِرِّ فِي الْإِسْتِيعَابِ- وَ هُوَ مِنْ كُتُبِهِمُ الْمُعْتَبَرَةِ الْمُتَدَاوِلَةِ الَّتِي عَلَيْهَا اعْتِمَادُهُمْ- رَوَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ [وَ آلِهِ] وَ سَلَّمَ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: لَا يُحِبُّكَ إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يُبْغِضُكَ إِلَّا مُنَافِقٌ.
And Ibn Abdul Birr said in (the book) ‘Al-Istiyaab’ – and it is from the reliable books circulating which they are relying upon – ‘A group from the companions have reported that Rasool-Allah-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘No one will love you-asws except a Momin, nor hate you-asws except a hypocrite’’.[129]
64- قَالَ: وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ: وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَعَهِدَ النَّبِيُّ الْأُمِّيُّ إِلَيَّ أَنَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّنِي إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يُبْغِضُنِي إِلَّا مُنَافِقٌ.
He (Ibn Abdul Birr said in (the book) ‘Al-Istiyaab’) said, ‘Ali-asws was saying: ‘By Allah-azwj! The Prophet-saww, the Ummy, pacted to me-asws that no one will love me-asws except a Momin, nor hate me-asws except a hypocrite’’.[130]
65- وَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ [وَ آلِهِ] وَ سَلَّمَ: مَنْ أَحَبَّ عَلِيّاً فَقَدْ أَحَبَّنِي وَ مَنْ أَبْغَضَ عَلِيّاً فَقَدْ أَبْغَضَنِي، وَ مَنْ آذَى عَلِيّاً فَقَدْ آذَانِي، وَ مَنْ آذَانِي فَقَدْ آذَى اللَّهَ.
And he (Ibn Abdul Birr said in (the book) ‘Al-Istiyaab’) said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who loves Ali-asws so he has loved me-saww, and one who hates Ali-asws so he has hated me-saww, and one who hurts Ali-asws so he has hurt me-saww, and one who hurts me-saww, so he has hurt Allah-azwj’’.[131]
66- وَ قَالَ: رَوَى عَمَّارٌ الدُّهْنِيُّ، عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ: مَا كُنَّا نَعْرِفُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ إِلَّا بِبُغْضِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ.
And he (Ibn Abdul Birr said in (the book) ‘Al-Istiyaab’) said, ‘It is reported by Ammar Al-Dunhy, from Jabir who said, ‘We did not used to recognise the hypocrites except by his hatred of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[132]
67- رَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ فِي شَرْحِ النَّهْجِ، عَنْ شَيْخِهِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ الْبَلْخِيِّ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قَدِ اتَّفَقَتِ الْأَخْبَارُ الصَّحِيحَةُ الَّتِي لَا رَيْبَ عِنْدَ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ فِيهَا أَنَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: لَا يُبْغِضُكَ إِلَّا مُنَافِقٌ وَ لَا يُحِبُّكَ إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ.
And it is reported by Ibn Abi Al Hadeed in (the book) ‘Sharah Al Nahj (Al Balagah)’, from his sheykh Abu Al Qasim Al Balkhi having said,
‘There is a concordance of the correct Ahadeeth which there is no doubt in the presence of the narrators regarding these, that the Prophet-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘No one will hate you-asws except a hypocrite, nor love you-asws except a Momin’’.[133]
حكاية ظريفة تناسب المقام:
A funny tale appropriate (for this) place
رَوَى فِي كِتَابِ الصِّرَاطِ الْمُسْتَقِيمِ وَ غَيْرِهِ أَنَّ ابْنَ الْجَوْزِيِّ قَالَ يَوْماً عَلَى مِنْبَرِهِ: سَلُونِي قَبْلَ أَنْ تَفْقِدُونِي، فَسَأَلَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ عَمَّا رُوِيَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ سَارَ فِي لَيْلَةٍ إِلَى سَلْمَانَ فَجَهَّزَهُ وَ رَجَعَ؟ فَقَالَ: رُوِيَ ذَلِكَ،
It is reported in the book ‘Al-Siraat Al-Mustaqeem’, and others, ‘One day (imam) Ibn Al-Jowzy said upon his pulpit, ‘Ask me, before you lose me!’ A woman asked him about what was being reported that Ali-asws travelled during a night to Salman-ra and prepared (his-ra funeral), and returned?’ He said, ‘That has been reported’.
قَالَتْ: فَعُثْمَانُ ثَمَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامِ مَنْبُوذاً فِي الْمَزَابِلِ وَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَاضِرٌ؟. قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَتْ: فَقَدْ لَزِمَ الْخَطَأُ لِأَحَدِهِمَا. فَقَالَ: إِنْ كُنْتِ خَرَجْتِ مِنْ بَيْتِكِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ زَوْجِكِ فَعَلَيْكِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ، وَ إِلَّا فَعَلَيْهِ.
She said, ‘Then Usman was discarded in the garbage dump for three days and Ali-asws was present?’ He said, ‘Yes’. She said, ‘Then the mistake is necessitated for one of them’. He said, ‘If you have come out from your house without permission of your husband, the Curse of Allah-azwj is upon you, or else it is upon him’.
فَقَالَتْ: خَرَجَتْ عَائِشَةُ إِلَى حَرْبِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِإِذْنِ النَّبِيِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَوْ لَا؟ فَانْقَطَعَ وَ لَمْ يُحِرْ جَوَاباً.
She said, ‘Had Ayesha gone out to battle against Ali-asws by the Permission of the Prophet-saww or not?’ He was cut-off and could not respond an answer’’.
حكاية أخرى:
Another tale
قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي الْحَدِيدِ فِي شَرْحِ النَّهْجِ: حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَنْبَلِيِّ الْمَعْرُوفِ بِابْنِ عَالِيَةَ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ حَاضِراً عِنْدَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَنْبَلِيِّ الْفَقِيهِ- وَ كَانَ مُقَدَّمَ الْحَنَابِلَةِ بِبَغْدَادَ- إِذْ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْحَنَابِلَةِ قَدْ كَانَ لَهُ دَيْنٌ عَلَى بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ،
Ibn Abi Al Hadeed said in (the book) ‘Sharah Al Nahaj (Al Balagah), ‘It is narrated to me by Yahya Bin Saeed Bin Al Al Hanbali, well known as Ibn Aaliya who said,
‘I was present in the presence of Ismail Bin Ali Al-Hanbali the jurist – and he was (one of) founder of the Hanbalites at Baghdad – when a man from the Hanbalites entered, and there was a debt for him against one of the people of Al-Kufa.
فَانْحَدَرَ إِلَيْهِ يُطَالِبُهُ فِيهِ، وَ اتَّفَقَ أَنْ حَضَرَ يَوْمَ زِيَارَةِ الْغَدِيرِ- وَ الْحَنْبَلِيُّ الْمَذْكُورُ بِالْكُوفَةِ- وَ يَجْتَمِعُ بِمَشْهَدِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مِنَ الْخَلَائِقِ جُمُوعٌ عَظِيمَةٌ تَتَجَاوَزُ حَدَّ الْإِحْصَاءِ.
He ran towards him demanding it, and by co-incidence he was attending the visitation (Ziyarat) on the day of Al-Ghadeer – and the Hanbalites were mentioned at Al-Kufa – and they had gathered at the mausoleum of Amir Al-Momineen-asws a gathering of a large number of people exceeding the limit of counting.
قَالَ ابْنُ عَالِيَةَ: فَجَعَلَ الشَّيْخُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ يُسَائِلُ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلَ مَا فَعَلْتَ ..؟ مَا رَأَيْتَ ..؟ هَلْ وَصَلَ مَالُكَ إِلَيْكَ ..؟ هَلْ بَقِيَ مِنْهُ بَقِيَّةٌ عِنْدَ غَرِيمِكَ ..؟
Ibn Aaliya said, ‘Make the sheykh Ismail to ask that man, what happened? What did he see? Did your wealth arrive to you? Does something from it remain with your debtor?’
وَ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ يُجَاوِبُهُ، حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُ: يَا سَيِّدِي لَوْ شَاهَدْتَ يَوْمَ الزِّيَارَةِ يَوْمَ الْغَدِيرِ، وَ مَا يَجْرِي عِنْدَ قَبْرِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ مِنَ الْفَضَائِحِ وَ الْأَقْوَالِ الشَّنِيعَةِ، وَ سَبِّ الصَّحَابَةِ جِهَاراً مِنْ غَيْرِ مُرَاقَبَةٍ وَ لَا خِيفَةٍ.
And that man answered him, until he said to him, ‘O my master! If you had attended the visitation on the day of Ghadeer, and what had flowed at the grave of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, from the scandals and the slanderous saying, and reviling the companions openly, from without any surveillance nor fear’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ: أَيُّ ذَنْبٍ لَهُمْ، وَ اللَّهِ مَا جَرَّأَهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ لَا فَتَحَ لَهُمْ هَذَا الْبَابَ إِلَّا صَاحِبُ ذَلِكَ الْقَبْرِ.
Ismail said to him, ‘Which sin is there for them? By Allah-azwj! Nothing emboldened them upon that, nor opened this door for them except the occupant of that grave’.
فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ: وَ مَنْ هُوَ صَاحِبُ الْقَبْرِ؟. قَالَ: عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. قَالَ: يَا سَيِّدِي! هُوَ الَّذِي سَنَّ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ وَ عَلَّمَهُمْ إِيَّاهُ وَ طَرَّقَهُمْ إِلَيْهِ؟!. قَالَ: نَعَمْ وَ اللَّهِ.
That man said, ‘And who is the occupant of the grave?’ He said, ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. He said, ‘O my master! He-asws is the one who enacted it for them, and taught it to them and showed them the path to it?!’ He said, ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj’.
قَالَ: يَا سَيِّدِي! فَإِنْ كَانَ مُحِقّاً فَمَا لَنَا نَتَوَلَّى فُلَاناً وَ فُلَاناً، وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُبْطِلًا فَمَا لَنَا نَتَوَلَّاهُ! يَنْبَغِي أَنْ نَبْرَأَ إِمَّا مِنْهُ أَوْ مِنْهُمَا.
He said, ‘My master! So, if he-asws was rightful, then it is not for us to befriend so and so, and so and so (Abu Bakr and Umar), and if he-asws was false, then it is not for us to befriend him-asws! It is appropriate that either we disavow from him-asws or them two’.
قَالَ ابْنُ عَالِيَةَ: فَقَامَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ مُسْرِعاً فَلَبِسَ نَعْلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ: لَعَنَ اللَّهُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْفَاعِلَ بْنَ الْفَاعِلِ إِنْ كَانَ يَعْرِفُ جَوَابَ هَذِهِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ، وَ دَخَلَ دَارَ حَرَمِهِ، وَ قُمْنَا نَحْنُ فَانْصَرَفْنَا.
Ibn Aaliya said, ‘Ismail stood up hurriedly and wore his slippers and said, ‘May Allah-azwj Curse Ismail, the perpetrator son of the perpetrator. Surely, he had known the answer to this question’, and he entered a house of his sanctuary, and we arose and dispersed’’.
68- وَ قَالَ الْعَلَّامَةُ قُدِّسَ سِرُّهُ فِي كَشْفِ الْحَقِ: رَوَى الزَّمَخْشَرِيُ وَ كَانَ مِنْ أَشَدِّ النَّاسِ عِنَاداً لِأَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ (ع) وَ هُوَ الثِّقَةُ الْمَأْمُونُ عِنْدَ الْجُمْهُورِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ
And the Allama said in (the book) ‘Kashf Al-Haq’ – It is reported by Al-Zamakhshari, and he was from the most obstinate of the people to People-asws of the Household, and he was the trustworthy, the reliable, in the presence of the (general public).
قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ [وَ آلِهِ]: فَاطِمَةُ مُهْجَةُ قَلْبِي وَ ابْنَاهَا ثَمَرَةُ فُؤَادِي، وَ بَعْلُهَا نُورُ بَصَرِي، وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ وُلْدِهَا أُمَنَاءُ رَبِّي، وَ حَبْلٌ مَمْدُودٌ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ خَلْقِهِ، مَنِ اعْتَصَمَ بِهِمْ نَجَا، وَ مَنْ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُمْ هَوَى.
He said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘ (Syeda) Fatima-asws is a soul of my-saww heart, and her-asws two sons-asws are the fruits of my-saww heart, and her-asws husband is the light of my-asws eyes, and the Imams-asws from her-asws sons-asws are trustees of my-saww Lord-azwj, and the rope extended between Him-azwj and His-azwj creatures. One who holds fast with them-asws would attain salvation, and one who stays behind from them-asws, would collapse’’.[134]
69- وَ قَالَ صَاحِبُ إِحْقَاقِ الْحَقِّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ الْحِكَايَةَ عَنْ كَشْفِ الْغُمَّةِ افْتِرَاءٌ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ، وَ لَيْسَ فِيهِ مِنَ الرِّوَايَةِ عَيْنٌ وَ لَا أَثَرٌ .. ثُمَّ نَقَلَ عَنِ الْكِتَابِ الْمَذْكُورِ قَوْلَ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: وَلَدَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ.
And the author of (the book) ‘Ihqaq Al-Haq’ said, ‘The story from (the book) ‘Kashf Al-Ghumma’ is a fabrication upon its author, and there isn’t in it from the report, neither an eye nor a trace. Then he transmitted from the mentioned book the words of Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘Abu Bakr begot me-asws twice’’.[135] (Non-Shia source)
Note : –
قال في كشف الغمّة 2- 378 نقلا عن الحافظ عبد العزيز بن الأخضر الجنابذيّ- و هو من أعلام العامّة- قال في ترجمة الإمام الصّادق عليه السّلام: .. و أمّه أمّ فروة، و اسمها: قريبة بنت القاسم ابن محمّد بن أبي بكر الصّدّيق، و أمّها: أسماء بنت عبد الرّحمن بن أبي بكر الصّدّيق، و لذلك قال جعفر عليه السّلام: و لقد ولدني أبو بكر مرّتين.
He said in the book ‘Kashf Al-Ghumma’, Vol 2 P 378, transmitting from the memoriser Abdul Aziz Bin Al-Akhza Al-Janabazi, and he is from the knowledgeable ones of the general Muslims. He said in interpretation of (words of) Imam Al-Sadiq-asws, ‘And his-asws mother was Umm Farwa-as and her name was Qareeba Bint Al-Qasim Ibn Muhammad son of Abu Bakr Al-Siddique, and her mother is Asma’a Bint abdul Rahman son of Abu Bakr Al-Siddique, and due to that Ja’far-asws said: ‘Abu Bakr begot me-asws twice’’.
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 12 H 1
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 12 H 2
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 12 H 3
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 1
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 2
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 3
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 4
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 5
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 6
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 7
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 8
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 9
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 10
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 11
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 12
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 13
[17] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 14
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 15
[19] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 16
[20] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 17
[21] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 18
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 20
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 21
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 22
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 23
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 24
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 25
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 26
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 27
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 28
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 29
[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 30
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 31
[34] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 32
[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 33
[36] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 34
[37] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 35
[38] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 36
[39] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 37
[40] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 38
[41] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 39
[42] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 40
[43] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 41
[44] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 42
[45] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 43
[46] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 44
[47] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 45
[48] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 46
[49] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 47
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 48
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 49
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 50
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 51
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 52
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 53
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 54
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 13 H 55
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 14 H 1
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 14 H 2
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 14 H 3
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 14 H 4
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 14 H 5
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 14 H 6
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 14 H 7
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 14 H 8
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 1
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 2
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 3
[69] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 4
[70] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 5
[71] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 6
[72] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 7
[73] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 8
[74] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 9
[75] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 10
[76] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 11
[77] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 12
[78] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 13
[79] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 14
[80] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 15
[81] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 16
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 17
[83] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 18
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 19
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 20
[86] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 21
[87] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 22
[88] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 23
[89] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 24
[90] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 25
[91] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 26
[92] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 27
[93] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 28
[94] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 29
[95] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 30
[96] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 31
[97] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 32
[98] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 33
[99] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 34
[100] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 35
[101] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 36
[102] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 37
[103] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 37
[104] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 38
[105] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 39
[106] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 40
[107] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 41
[108] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 42
[109] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 43
[110] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 44
[111] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 45
[112] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 46
[113] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 47
[114] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 48
[115] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 49
[116] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 50
[117] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 51
[118] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 52
[119] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 53
[120] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 54
[121] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 55
[122] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 56
[123] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 57
[124] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 58
[125] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 59
[126] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 60
[127] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 61
[128] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 62
[129] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 63
[130] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 64
[131] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 65
[132] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 66
[133] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 67
[134] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 68
[135] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 29, The book of Fitna (Strife) And Ordeals,Ch 15 H 69