ج 35
Volume 35
Part 2 out of 3
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
أبواب الآيات النازلة في شأنه ع الدالة على فضله و إمامته
CHAPTERS OF VERSES REVEALED REGARDING HIS-asws GLORY, EVIDENCING UPON HIS-asws MERIT AND HIS-asws IMAMATE
باب 4 في نزول آية إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ في شأنه ع
CHAPTER 4 – REGARDING THE REVELATION OF THE VERSE: ‘But rather, Allah is your Guardian, [5:55], IS REGARDING HIS-asws GLORY
1- لي، الأمالي للصدوق عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُحَمَّدِيِّ عَنْ كَثِيرِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الْآيَةَ قَالَ إِنَّ رَهْطاً مِنَ الْيَهُودِ أَسْلَمُوا مِنْهُمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ وَ أَسَدٌ وَ ثَعْلَبَةُ وَ ابْنُ يَامِينَ وَ ابْنُ صُورِيَا
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Ali Bin Hatim, from Ahmad Al Hamdani, from Ja’far Bin Abdullah Al Muhammadi, from Kaseer Bin Ayyash, from Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, [5:55] – the Verse. He-asws said: ‘A group of Jews became Muslims, from them was Abdullah Bin Salam, and Asad, and Sa’alba, and Ibn Yameen, and Ibn Sowriya.
فَأَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ ص فَقَالُوا يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إِنَّ مُوسَى أَوْصَى إِلَى يُوشَعَ بْنِ نُونٍ فَمَنْ وَصِيُّكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ مَنْ وَلِيُّنَا بَعْدَكَ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ
They came to the Prophet-saww and said, ‘O Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj! Musa-as bequeathed to Yoshua Bin Noon-as, so who is your-saww successor-asws, O Rasool-Allah-saww? And who will be our guardian after you-saww?’ So this Verse was Revealed: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55].
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قُومُوا فَقَامُوا فَأَتَوُا الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا سَائِلٌ خَارِجٌ فَقَالَ يَا سَائِلُ أَ مَا أَعْطَاكَ أَحَدٌ شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ هَذَا الْخَاتَمَ قَالَ مَنْ أَعْطَاكَهُ قَالَ أَعْطَانِيهِ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي قَالَ عَلَى أَيِّ حَالٍ أَعْطَاكَ قَالَ كَانَ رَاكِعاً
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Arise!’ They stood up and came to the Masjid and there was a beggar outside. He-saww said: ‘Has anyone given you anything?’ He said, ‘Yes, this ring’. He-saww said: ‘Who gave it to you?’ He said, ‘That man gave it to me-saww, the one who is praying Salat’. He-saww said: ‘Upon which state did he give it to you?’ He said, ‘He was performing Ruk’u’.
فَكَبَّرَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ كَبَّرَ أَهْلُ الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَلِيُّكُمْ بَعْدِي قَالُوا رَضِينَا بِاللَّهِ رَبّاً وَ بِالْإِسْلَامِ دِيناً وَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيّاً وَ بِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَلِيّاً فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ مَنْ يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغالِبُونَ
The Prophet-saww exclaimed Takbeer, and the people of the Masjid exclaimed Takbeer. The Prophet-saww said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is your guardian after me-saww’. They said, ‘We are pleased with Allah-azwj as Lord-azwj, and with Al-Islam as religion, and with Muhammad-saww as Prophet-saww, and with Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws as guardian’. So, it was Revealed: And whoever takes Allah and His Rasool and those who believe for a Guardian, then they are the party of Allah, they would be triumphant [5:56].
فَرُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ تَصَدَّقْتُ بِأَرْبَعِينَ خَاتَماً وَ أَنَا رَاكِعٌ لِيَنْزِلَ فِيَّ مَا نَزَلَ فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَمَا نَزَلَ.
It is reported from Umar Bin Al-Khattab having said, ‘By Allah-azwj! I have given forty rings in charity while I was performing Ruk’u for there to be Revealed regarding me what had been Revealed regarding Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, but it was not Revealed’’.[1]
2- ج، الإحتجاج فِي رِسَالَةِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْأَهْوَازِ فِي الْجَبْرِ وَ التَّفْوِيضِ قَالَ: وَ أَصَحُّ خَبَرٍ مَا عُرِفَ تَحْقِيقُهُ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ مِثْلُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُجْمَعِ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حَيْثُ قَالَ إِنِّي مُسْتَخْلِفٌ فِيكُمْ خَلِيفَتَيْنِ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَ عِتْرَتِي مَا إِنْ تَمَسَّكْتُمْ بِهِمَا لَنْ تَضِلُّوا بَعْدِي وَ إِنَّهُمَا لَنْ يَفْتَرِقَا حَتَّى يَرِدَا عَلَيَّ الْحَوْضَ
(The book) ‘Al-Ihtijaj’ regarding a message of Abu Al-Hassan Al-Askari-asws to the people of Al-Ahwaz, regarding the compulsion and the delegation, said: ‘And the most correct is a Hadeeth what its reality is known from the Book, like the Hadeeth from Rasool-Allah-saww agreed upon when he-saww said: ‘I-saww am leaving behind among you the two caliphs (replacements), the Book of Allah-azwj and my-saww family, what if you were to adhere with them, you will never stray after me-saww, and these two will never separate until they return to me-saww at the Fountain’.
وَ اللَّفْظَةُ الْأُخْرَى عَنْهُ فِي هَذَا الْمَعْنَى بِعَيْنِهِ قَوْلُهُ ص إِنِّي تَارِكٌ فِيكُمُ الثَّقَلَيْنِ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَ عِتْرَتِي أَهْلَ بَيْتِي وَ إِنَّهُمَا لَنْ يَفْتَرِقَا حَتَّى يَرِدَا عَلَيَّ الْحَوْضَ مَا إِنْ تَمَسَّكْتُمْ بِهِمَا لَنْ تَضِلُّوا
And the other words from him-saww in tis meaning exactly are his-saww words: ‘I-saww am leaving among you the two weighty things, book of Allah-azwj and my-saww family-asws, People-asws of my-saww Household, and these two will never separate until they return to me-saww at the Fountain, what if you adhere with them, you will never stray’.
فَلَمَّا وَجَدْنَا شَوَاهِدَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ نَصّاً فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ مِثْلَ قَوْلِهِ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ
When we find the textual evidence of this Hadeeth in the Book of Allah-azwj, like His-azwj Words: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55].
ثُمَّ اتَّفَقَتْ رِوَايَاتُ الْعُلَمَاءِ فِي ذَلِكَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ تَصَدَّقَ بِخَاتَمِهِ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فَشَكَرَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ وَ أَنْزَلَ الْآيَةَ فِيهِ
Then the reports of the scholars are concordant regarding that being for Amir Al-Momineen-asws that he-asws gave in charity with his-asws ring while he-asws was performing Ruk’u, so Allah-azwj Thanked him-asws for that and Revealed the Verse regarding him-asws.
ثُمَّ وَجَدْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ أَبَانَهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ بِهَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةِ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ اللَّهُمَّ وَالِ مَنْ وَالاهُ وَ عَادِ مَنْ عَادَاهُ
Then we find that Rasool-Allah-saww had expressed it to his-saww companions with these words: ‘One whose master I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his master. O Allah-azwj! Befriend the one who befriends him-asws and be inimical to the one being inimical to him-asws’.
وَ قَوْلِهِ ص عَلِيٌّ يَقْضِي دَيْنِي وَ يُنْجِزُ مَوْعِدِي وَ هُوَ خَلِيفَتِي عَلَيْكُمْ بَعْدِي
And his-saww words: ‘Ali-asws would pay off my-saww debts and fulfil my-saww promises made, and he-asws is my-saww caliph upon you all after me-saww’.
وَ قَوْلِهِ ص حَيْثُ اسْتَخْلَفَهُ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ تُخَلِّفُنِي عَلَى النِّسَاءِ وَ الصِّبْيَانِ فَقَالَ أَ مَا تَرْضَى أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي
And his-saww words when he-saww left him-asws behind (in charge) upon Al-Medina, he-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Are you-saww leaving me-asws behind among the women and the children?’ He-saww said: ‘Are you-asws not please that you-asws happen to be from me-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as except that there would be no Prophet-as after me-saww?’
فَعَلِمْنَا أَنَّ الْكِتَابَ شَهِدَ بِتَصْدِيقِ هَذِهِ الْأَخْبَارِ وَ تَحْقِيقِ هَذِهِ الشَّوَاهِدِ فَيَلْزَمُ الْأُمَّةَ الْإِقْرَارُ بِهَا إِذَا كَانَتْ هَذِهِ الْأَخْبَارُ وَافَقَتِ الْقُرْآنَ وَ وَافَقَ الْقُرْآنُ هَذِهِ الْأَخْبَارَ الْخَبَرَ.
So, we know that the Book testified with the verification of these Ahadeeth, and the reality of these evidences, so it necessitates the community to acknowledge with these when these Ahadeeth are concordant with the Quran and the Quran is concordant with these Ahadeeth’ – the Hadeeth’’.[2]
3- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنِ الْكَاتِبِ عَنِ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ عَنِ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ الْيَشْكُرِيِّ عَنْ عَوْنِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَوْماً وَ هُوَ نَائِمٌ وَ حَيَّةٌ فِي جَانِبِ الْبَيْتِ فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَقْتُلَهَا فَأُوقِظَ النَّبِيَّ ص فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ فَاضْطَجَعْتُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الْحَيَّةِ فَقُلْتُ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْهَا سُوءٌ كَانَ إِلَيَّ دُونَهُ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Al Katib, from Al Zafrani, from Al Saqafi, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Al Abbas Bin Abdullah, from Abdul Tahma Bin Al Aswad Al Yashkuri, from Awn Bin Ubeydullah, from his father, from his grandfather Abu Rafie who said,
‘One day I entered to see Rasool-Allah-saww and he-saww was sleeping and there was a snake in the side of the house, but I disliked to kill it and it would awaken the Prophet-saww, so I thought it would be Revealed to him-saww. So, I lied down between him-saww and the snake and said (to myself), ‘If there would be any evil from it, it would happen to me-saww instead of him-saww’.
فَمَكَثْتُ هُنَيْئَةً فَاسْتَيْقَظَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ هُوَ يَقْرَأُ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا حَتَّى أَتَى عَلَىآخِرِ الْآيَةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَتَمَّ لِعَلِيٍّ نِعْمَتَهُ وَ هَنِيئاً لَهُ بِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي آتَاهُ
I remained for a while, and the Prophet-saww woke up and he-saww was reciting: ‘But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, [5:55], until he-saww came to the end of the Verse. Then he-saww said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Completed His-azwj Favours for Ali-asws and congratulations be to him-asws for the Grace of Allah-azwj which He-azwj has Given him-asws’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي مَا لَكَ هَاهُنَا فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِخَبَرِ الْحَيَّةِ فَقَالَ لِي اقْتُلْهَا فَفَعَلْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَبَا رَافِعٍ كَيْفَ أَنْتَ وَ قَوْمٌ يُقَاتِلُونَ عَلِيّاً وَ هُوَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَ هُمْ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ جِهَادُهُمْ حَقٌّ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ اسْمُهُ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِقَلْبِهِ وَ لَيْسَ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ شَيْءٌ
Then he-saww said: ‘What is the matter you are over here?’ So, I informed him with the news of the snake. He-saww said to me: ‘kill it’. I did so. Then he-saww said: ‘O Abu Rafie, How would you be, and a group would be fighting against Ali-asws and he-asws would be upon the truth, and they would be upon the falsehood. Fighting against them would be a right for Allah-azwj, Mighty is His-azwj Name. So, the one who is not able, then (disavow from them) with his heart, and there is nothing else behind it’.
فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ اللَّهَ لِي إِنْ أَدْرَكْتُهُمْ أَنْ يُقَوِّيَنِي عَلَى قِتَالِهِمْ قَالَ فَدَعَا النَّبِيُّ ص وَ قَالَ إِنَّ لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ أَمِيناً وَ إِنَّ أَمِينِي أَبُو رَافِعٍ الْخَبَرَ.
I said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Supplicate to Allah-azwj for me that I come across them, and He-azwj Should Strengthen me upon fighting them’. So, the Prophet-saww supplicated and said: ‘For every Prophet-saww there is a trusted one, and my-saww trusted one is Abu Rafie’ – the Hadeeth’’.[3]
أَقُولُ رَوَى ابْنُ بِطْرِيقٍ فِي الْمُسْتَدْرَكِ عَنِ الْحَافِظِ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى عَوْنٍ مِثْلَهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ لَيْسَ وَرَاءَهُ شَيْءٌ.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by Ibn Batreek in (the book) ‘Al-Mustadrak’, from Al-Hafiz Abu Nueym, by his chain to Awn – similar to it, up to his-saww words: ‘And there isn’t anything else behind it’’.[4]
أَقُولُ وَ رَوَاهُ السَّيُوطِيُّ فِي الدُّرِّ الْمَنْثُورِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَرْدَوَيْهِ وَ الطَّبَرَانِيِّ وَ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ بِأَسَانِيدِهِمْ عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ هَنِيئاً لِعَلِيٍّ بِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي آتَاهُ.
I (Majlisi) am saying: ‘And it is reported by Al-Suyuti in (the book) ‘Al-Durr Al-Mansour’, from Ibn Mardawayh and Al-Tabrani and Abu Nueym, by their chains from Abu Rafie, up to his-saww words: ‘And congratulations be to Ali-asws for the Grace of Allah-azwj which He-azwj Gave him-asws’’.[5]
ثُمَّ قَالَ.- وَ أَخْرَجَ الْخَطِيبُ فِي الْمُتَّفَقِ وَ الْمُفْتَرَقِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: تَصَدَّقَ عَلِيٌّ بِخَاتَمِهِ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لِلسَّائِلِ مَنْ أَعْطَاكَ هَذَا الْخَاتَمَ قَالَ ذَاكَ الرَّاكِعُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ.
Then he said, ‘And Al-Khateeb extracted it in the concordant and the different, from Ibn Abbas who said, ‘Ali-asws gave charity with his-asws ring while he-asws was performing Ruku’u. The Prophet-saww said to the beggar: ‘Who gave you this ring?’ He said, ‘That Ruk’u performer!’ So, Allah-azwj Revealed regarding him-saww: ‘But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool [5:55]’’.[6]
وَ أَخْرَجَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ وَ عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ وَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ وَ أَبُو الشَّيْخِ وَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ الْآيَةَ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
And Abdul Razzaq extracted it, and Abd Bin Humeyd, and Ibn Jareer, and Abu Al-Sheykh, and Ibn Mardawayh, from Ibn Abbas regarding His-azwj Words: ‘But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool [5:55] – the Verse. He said, ‘It was Revealed regarding Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[7]
وَ أَخْرَجَ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ بِسَنَدٍ فِيهِ مَجَاهِيلُ وَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ قَالَ: وَقَفَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع سَائِلٌ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فِي صَلَاةِ تَطَوُّعٍ فَنَزَعَ خَاتَمَهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ السَّائِلَ فَأَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَأَعْلَمَهُ ذَلِكَ فَنَزَلَتْ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فَقَرَأَهَا عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ اللَّهُمَّ وَالِ مَنْ وَالاهُ وَ عَادِ مَنْ عَادَاهُ.
And Al Tabari has extracted in (the book) ‘Al Awsat’ by an attribution wherein are unknowns, and Ibn Mardawayh, from Ammar Bin Yasser who said,
‘A beggar paused to Ali-asws while he-asws was performing Ruk’u during an optional Salat, so he-asws removed his-asws ring and gave it to the beggar. He-asws came to Rasool-Allah-saww and let him-saww know that. This Verse was Revealed unto the Prophet-saww, so he-saww read it out to his-saww companions. Then he-saww said: ‘One whose master I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his master. O Allah-azwj! Befriend the one who befriends him-asws, and be Inimical to the one being inimical to him-asws’’.[8]
وَ أَخْرَجَ أَبُو الشَّيْخِ وَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ وَ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي بَيْتِهِ فَخَرَجَ وَ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ وَ جَاءَ النَّاسُ يُصَلُّونَ بَيْنَ رَاكِعٍ وَ سَاجِدٍ وَ قَائِمٍ يُصَلِّي فَإِذَا سَائِلٌ فَقَالَ يَا سَائِلُ هَلْ أَعْطَاكَ أَحَدٌ شَيْئاً قَالَ لَا إِلَّا ذَاكَ الرَّاكِعُ يُشِيرُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَعْطَانِي خَاتَمَهُ.
And Abu Al-Sheykh has extracted, and Ibn Mardawayh, and Ibn Asakir, from Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘This Verse was Revealed unto Rasool-Allah-azwj in his-saww house, so he-saww came out and entered the Masjid, and the people had come to pray Salat, between performing Ruk’u and Sajdah, and standing praying, and there was a beggar. He-saww said: ‘O beggar! Did anyone give you anything?’ He said, ‘No, except that Ruk’u performer’ – indicating to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws – ‘he-asws gave me his-asws ring’’.[9]
وَ أَخْرَجَ ابْنُ أَبِي حَاتِمٍ وَ أَبُو الشَّيْخِ وَ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ قَالَ: تَصَدَّقَ عَلِيٌّ بِخَاتَمِهِ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فَنَزَلَتِ الْآيَةُ.
And it is extracted by Ibn Abu Hatim, and Abu Al-Sheykh, and Ibn Asakir, from Salamah Bin Kuheyl who said, ‘Ali-asws gave in charity with his-asws ring while he-asws was performing Ruk’u, so the Verse was Revealed’’.[10]
5- فس، تفسير القمي إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ الْآيَةَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ- عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ بَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جَالِسٌ وَ عِنْدَهُ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فِيهِمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ إِذْ نَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ سَائِلٌ فَقَالَ هَلْ أَعْطَاكَ أَحَدٌ شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ ذَاكَ الْمُصَلِّي فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَإِذَا هُوَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع.
Tafseer Qummi – ‘But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool [5:55] – the Verse. It is narrated to me by my father, from Safwan, from Aban Bin Usman, from Al Sumali,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘While Rasool-Allah-saww was seated and in his-saww presence was a group of Jews, among them was Abdullah Bin Salam, when this Verse was Revealed. So, Rasool-Allah-saww went out to the Masjid, and a beggar faced him-saww. He-saww said: ‘Has anyone given you anything? He said, ‘Yes, that one praying Salat’. So, Rasool-Allah-saww came, and there it was Amir Al-Momineen-asws’’.[11]
6- شف، كشف اليقين مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ عَنِ الْقَاضِي أَبِي الْفَرَجِ الْمُعَافَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا الْمُحَارِبِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ هِشَامِ بْنِ يُونُسَ النَّهْشَلِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ
(The book) ‘Kash Al Yaqeen’ – Muhammad Bin Jareer al Tabari, from the judge Abu Al Faraj Al Muafi, from Muhammad Bin Al Qasim Bin Zakariya Al Muhariby, from Al Qasim Bin Hisham Bin Yunus Al Nahtaly, from Al hassan Bin Al Husayn, from Muaz Bin Muslim, from Ata’a Bin Al Saib, from Saeed Bin Jubeyr, from Ibn Abbas,
‘Regarding Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55].
قَالَ اجْتَازَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ وَ رَهْطُهُ مَعَهُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بُيُوتُنَا قَاصِيَةٌ وَ لَا نَجِدُ مُتَحَدَّثاً دُونَ الْمَسْجِدِ إِنَّ قَوْمَنَا لَمَّا رَأَوْنَا قَدْ صَدَّقْنَا اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ تَرَكْنَا دِينَهُمْ أَظْهَرُوا لَنَا الْعَدَاوَةَ وَ الْبَغْضَاءَ وَ أَقْسَمُوا أَنْ لَا يُخَالِطُونَا وَ لَا يُكَلِّمُونَا فَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا
He said, ‘Abdullah Bin Salam and a group with him passed by Rasool-Allah-saww. They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Our houses are in the outskirts and we cannot find any narrator besides in the Masjid. When our people saw us to have ratified Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and having left out religion, they manifested the enmity and the hatred towards us, and they have vowed that they will not mingle us (with them) nor speak to us. So, that is grievous upon us’.
فَبَيْنَا هُمْ يَشْكُونَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص إِذْ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ
While they were complaining to the Prophet-saww when this Verse was Revealed: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55].
فَلَمَّا قَرَأَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ قَالُوا قَدْ رَضِينَا بِمَا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ رَضِينَا بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ وَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ أَذَّنَ بِلَالٌ الْعَصْرَ وَ خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ص فَدَخَلَ وَ النَّاسُ يُصَلُّونَ مَا بَيْنَ رَاكِعٍ وَ سَاجِدٍ وَ قَائِمٍ وَ قَاعِدٍ وَ إِذَا مِسْكِينٌ يَسْأَلُ
When he-saww read it out to them, they said, ‘We are pleased with whatever Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww are pleased with, and we are pleased with Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww and with the Momineen’. And Bilal proclaimed the Azaan for Al-Asr Salat, and the Prophet-saww went out and entered (the Masjid), and the people were praying Salat what is between performing Ruk’u and Sajdah and standing, and there was a poor man begging.
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص هَلْ أَعْطَاكَ أَحَدٌ شَيْئاً فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ مَا ذَا قَالَ خَاتَمَ فِضَّةٍ قَالَ مَنْ أَعْطَاكَهُ قَالَ ذَاكَ الرَّجُلُ الْقَائِمُ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص عَلَى أَيِّ حَالٍ أَعْطَاكَهُ قَالَ أَعْطَانِيهِ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فَنَظَرْنَا فَإِذَا هُوَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
The Prophet-saww said: ‘Did anyone give you anything?’ He said, ‘Yes’. He-saww said: ‘What is that?’ He said, ‘A silver ring’. He-saww said: ‘Who gave it to you?’ He said, ‘That man, standing (praying Salat)’. The Prophet-saww said: ‘Upon which state did he-asws give it?’ He said, ‘He-asws gave it while he-asws was performing Ruk’u’. We looked, and there it was Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[12]
7- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُعَمَّرِ بْنِ الْمَكِّيِّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَمَّارَ بْنَ يَاسِرٍ يَقُولُ وَقَفَ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع سَائِلٌ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فِي صَلَاةِ تَطَوُّعٍ فَنَزَعَ خَاتَمَهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ السَّائِلَ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَأَعْلَمَهُ بِذَلِكَ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Khalid Bin Yazeed, from Muammar Bin Al Makky, from Is’haq Bin Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn, from Al Hassan Bin Zayd, from his father Zayd Bin Al Hassan, from his grandfather who said,
‘I heard Ammar Bin Yasser saying, ‘A beggar paused to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws while he-asws was performing Ruk’u in an optional Salat, so he-asws removed his-asws ring and gave it to the beggar. Rasool-Allah-saww came and he informed him-saww with that.
فَنَزَلَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ فَقَرَأَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَيْنَا ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ اللَّهُمَّ وَالِ مَنْ وَالاهُ وَ عَادِ مَنْ عَادَاهُ.
This Verse was Revealed unto the Prophet-saww: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55] – up to the end of the Verse. Rasool-Allah-saww read it out to us, then said: ‘One whose master I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his master. O Allah-azwj! Befriend the one who befriends him-asws and be Inimical to the one being inimical to him-asws’’.[13]
8- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَعْرِضُ عَلَيْكَ دِينِيَ الَّذِي أَدِينُ اللَّهَ بِهِ قَالَ هَاتِهِ قُلْتُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ أُقِرُّ بِمَا جَاءَ بِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Ibn Abu Yafour who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘I shall present my religion unto you-asws which I make it to be a religion of Allah-azwj with it’. He-asws said: ‘Give!’ I said, ‘I testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj. I testify that Muhammad-saww is Rasool-Allah-saww, and I acknowledge with whatever he-saww had come with from the Presence of Allah-azwj’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ وَصَفْتُ لَهُ الْأَئِمَّةَ حَتَّى انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قُلْتُ وَ أَقُولُ فِيكَ مَا أَقُولُ فِيهِمْ فَقَالَ أَنْهَاكَ أَنْ تَذْهَبَ بِاسْمِي فِي النَّاسِ
He said, ‘The I described to him-asws the Imams-asws until I ended up to Abu Ja’far-asws. I said, ‘And I am saying regarding you-asws what I say regarding them-asws’. He-asws said: ‘I-asws forbid you from going with my-asws name among the people’.
قَالَ أَبَانٌ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قُلْتُ لَهُ مَعَ الْكَلَامِ الْأَوَّلِ وَ أَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُمْ الَّذِينَ قَالَ اللَّهُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ- أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَ أَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ
Aban said, ‘Ibn abu Yafour said, ‘I said to him-asws with the first speech, ‘And I claim that they-asws are those Allah-azwj Said in the Quran: O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Rasool and those with (Divine) Authority from you. [4:59].
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ الْآيَةَ الْأُخْرَى فَاقْرَأْ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَيَّ آيَةٍ قَالَ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ.
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And the other Verse, so recite it’. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Which Verse?’ He-asws said: ‘But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55]’’.[14]
9- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جَالِسٌ فِي بَيْتِهِ وَ عِنْدَهُ نَفَرٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ أَوْ قَالَ خَمْسَةٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فِيهِمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘While Rasool-Allah-saww was seated in his-saww house and in his-saww presence were a number of Jews’, or he-asws said: ‘Five from the Jews, among them being Abdullah Bin Salam, this Verse was Revealed: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55].
فَتَرَكَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي مَنْزِلِهِ وَ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَإِذَا بِسَائِلٍ قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَ صَدَّقَ عَلَيْكَ أَحَدٌ بِشَيْءٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ هُوَ ذَاكَ الْمُصَلِّي فَإِذَا هُوَ عَلِيٌّ ع.
Rasool-Allah-saww left them in his-saww house and went out to the Masjid, and there was a beggar. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Did anyone give anything in charity to you?’ He said, ‘Yes, he-asws is that one praying Salat’. And there, it was Ali-asws’’.[15]
10- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا شَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ خَشِيَ أَنْ يُكَذِّبَهُ قُرَيْشٌ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ يا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ ما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ الْآيَةَ فَقَامَ بِذَلِكَ يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Al Mufazzal Bin Salih, from one of his companions,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘When this Verse was Revealed: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, [5:55], that was grievous upon the Prophet-saww and he-saww feared Quraysh might belie him-saww. So, Allah-azwj Revealed: O you Rasool! Deliver what has been Revealed unto you from your Lord; [5:67] – the Verse. So, he-saww stood with that on the day of Ghadeer Khumm’’.[16]
11- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا قَالَ هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ ع.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi, from Al Fuzeyl,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: : But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, [5:55], he-asws said: ‘They-asws are the Imams-asws’’.[17]
12- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ أَنْ أُحِبَّ أَرْبَعَةً- عَلِيّاً وَ أَبَا ذَرٍّ وَ سَلْمَانَ وَ الْمِقْدَادَ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi, from Abu Jameela, from one of his companions,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to me-asws that I-saww should love four – Ali-asws, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Salman-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra’’.
فَقُلْتُ أَلَا فَمَا كَانَ مِنْ كَثْرَةِ النَّاسِ أَ مَا كَانَ أَحَدٌ يَعْرِفُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فَقَالَ بَلَى ثَلَاثَةٌ
I said, ‘Indeed! So what happened from most of the people, was there no one who recognised this matter (Wilayah)?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, three’.
قُلْتُ هَذِهِ الْآيَاتُ الَّتِي أُنْزِلَتْ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ قَوْلُهُ أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَ أَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ أَمَا كَانَ أَحَدٌ يَسْأَلُ فِيمَ نَزَلَتْ فَقَالَ مِنْ ثَمَّ أَتَاهُمْ لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَسْأَلُونَ.
I said, ‘These Verses which were Revealed: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, [5:55], and His-azwj Words: O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Rasool and those with (Divine) Authority from you. [4:59]. Wasn’t there anyone who asked regarding whom it was Revealed?’ He-asws said: ‘From then He-azwj Gave them (the Verses), they were not asking’’.[18]
13 قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب: قولُهُ تَعَالَى إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ اجتمعت الأمة أن هذه الآية نزلت في علي ع لما تصدق بخاتمه و هو راكع- لا خلاف بين المفسرين في ذلك.
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub –
‘Words of the Exalted: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55], ‘The community is united that this Verse was Revealed regarding Ali-asws due to him-asws having given in charity with his-asws ring while he-asws was performing Ruk’u. There is no differing between the interpreters (of the Quran) regarding that’’.[19]
ذَكَرَهُ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ وَ الْمَاوَرْدِيُّ وَ الْقُشَيْرِيُّ وَ الْقَزْوِينِيُّ وَ الرَّازِيُّ وَ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ وَ الْفَلَكِيُّ وَ الطُّوسِيُّ وَ الطَّبَرِيُ فِي تَفَاسِيرِهِمْ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ وَ الْمُجَاهِدِ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْأَعْمَشِ وَ عُتْبَةِ بْنِ أَبِي حَكِيمٍ وَ غَالِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ قَيْسِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ وَ عَبَايَةَ الرَّبَعِيِّ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَ أَبِي ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيِّ
It is mentioned by Al Sa’alby, and Al Mawaridi, and Al Qusheyri, and Al Qazwini, and Al Razi, and Al Neshapuri, and Al Falky, and Al Tusi, and Tabari in their Tafseers, from Al Sudi, and Al Mujahid, and Al Hassan, and Al Amsh, and Utbah Bin Abu Hakeen, and Ghalib Bin Abdullah, and Qays Bin Al Rabie, and Abaya Al Rabie, and Abdullah Bin Abbas, and Abu Zarr Al Ghifari-ra.
وَ ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ الْبَيِّعِ فِي مَعْرِفَةِ أُصُولِ الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ الْوَاحِدِيُّ فِي أَسْبَابِ نُزُولِ الْقُرْآنِ عَنِ الْكَلْبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَ السَّمْعَانِيُّ فِي فَضَائِلِ الصَّحَابَةِ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ الطَّوِيلِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ وَ- سَلْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ فِي مُعْجَمِهِ الْأَوْسَطِ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ
And it is mentioned by Ibn Al Baie in (the book) ‘Ma’rifat Usool Al Hadeeth’, from Abdullah Bin Ubeydullah Bin Umar son of Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws, and Al Wahidi in (the book) ‘Asbab Nuzool Al Quran’, from Al Kalby, from Abu Salih, from Ibn Abbas, and Al Sam’any in (the book) ‘Fazaail Al Sahaba;, from Humeyd Al Taweel, from Anas, and Salman Bin Ahmad in (the book) ‘Mo’jam Al Awsat’, from Ammar-ra;
وَ- أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي الْمُقْنَفِ وَ مُحَمَّدٌ الْفَتَّالُ فِي التَّنْوِيرِ وَ فِي الرَّوْضَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ وَ أَبِي صَالِحٍ وَ الشَّعْبِيِّ وَ الْمُجَاهِدِ وَ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ النَّطَنْزِيُّ فِي الْخَصَائِصِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَ الْإِبَانَةِ عَنِ الْفَلَكِيِّ عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ وَ نَاصِحٍ التَّمِيمِيِّ وَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَ الْكَلْبِيِّ فِي رِوَايَاتٍ مُخْتَلِفَةِ الْأَلْفَاظِ مُتَّفِقَةِ الْمَعَانِي وَ فِي أَسْبَابِ النُّزُولِ عَنِ الْوَاحِدِيِ
And Abu Bakr Al Bayhaqi in (the book) ‘Muqnaf’, and Muhammad Al Fattal in (the boo) ‘Al Tanweer’, and in (the book) ‘Al Rowzah’, from Abdullah Bin Salam, and Abu Salih, and Al Shaby, and Al Mujahid, and Zurarah Bin Ayn, from Muhammad Bin Ali-asws, and Al Bazanty in (the book) Al Khasais, from Ibn Abbas, and Al Abanah from Al Falky, from Jabir Al Ansari, and Nasih Al Tameemi, and Ibn Abbas, and Al Kalby, in reports of different wordings, concordant of the meaning, and in (the book) ‘Asbab Al Nuzool’, from Al Wahidy,
أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ سَلَامٍ أَقْبَلَ وَ مَعَهُ نَفَرٌ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ وَ شَكَوْا بُعْدَ الْمَنْزِلِ عَنِ الْمَسْجِدِ وَ قَالُوا إِنَّ قَوْمَنَا لَمَّا رَأَوْنَا أَسْلَمْنَا رَفَضُونَا وَ لَا يُكَلِّمُونَّا وَ لَا يُجَالِسُونَّا وَ لَا يُنَاكِحُونَّا
‘Abdullah Bin Salam came and there was a number of his people with him, and they complained of the remoteness of their dwellings from the Masjid, and they said, ‘When our people saw that we have become Muslims, they rejected us, and they are neither talking to us nor sitting with us, nor marrying with us’.
فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَرَأَى سَائِلًا فَقَالَ هَلْ أَعْطَاكَ أَحَدٌ شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ خَاتَمَ فِضَّةٍ وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ خَاتَمَ ذَهَبٍ قَالَ مَنْ أَعْطَاكَهُ قَالَ أَعْطَانِيهِ هَذَا الرَّاكِعُ.
So, this Verse was Revealed. The Prophet-saww went out to the Masjid and saw a beggar. He-saww said: ‘Has anyone given you anything?’ He said, ‘Yes, a silver ring’. (And in another report, ‘a golden ring’). He-saww said: ‘Who gave it to you?’ He said, ‘This one performing Ruk’u gave it to me’’.[20]
كِتَابُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الشِّيرَازِيِّ، أَنَّهُ لَمَّا سَأَلَ السَّائِلُ وَضَعَهَا عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ إِشَارَةً إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَنْزِعَهَا فَمَدَّ السَّائِلُ يَدَهُ وَ نَزَعَ الْخَاتَمَ مِنْ يَدِهِ وَ دَعَا لَهُ فَبَاهَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مَلَائِكَتَهُ بِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع
Kitab Abu Bakr Al-Shirazi – When the beggar begged placing (his hand) upon his-asws back, he-asws gestured to him to remove it (ring). So, the beggar extended his-asws hand and removed the ring from his-asws hand, and supplicated for him-asws. Allah-azwj the Exalted Boasted to His-azwj Angels with Amir Al-Momineen-asws.
وَ قَالَ مَلَائِكَتِي أَ مَا تَرَوْنَ عَبْدِي جَسَدُهُ فِي عِبَادَتِي وَ قَلْبُهُ مُعَلَّقٌ عِنْدِي وَ هُوَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِمَالِهِ طَلَباً لِرِضَايَ أُشْهِدُكُمْ أَنِّي رَضِيتُ عَنْهُ وَ عَنْ خَلَفِهِ يَعْنِي ذُرِّيَّتَهُ وَ نَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِالْآيَةِ.
And He-azwj Said: ‘My-azwj Angels! Are you not seeing My-azwj servant, his-asws body is in My-azwj worship and his-asws heart is suspended with Me-azwj, and he-asws is giving in charity with his-asws wealth seeking My-azwj Pleasure. I-azwj Keep you all as witnesses, I-azwj am Pleased from him-asws, and from his-asws replacements!” – meaning his-asws offspring, and Jibraeel-as descended with the Verse’’.[21]
الْكَافِي، جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ اجْتَمَعَ نَفَرٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي مَسْجِدِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ
(The book) ‘Al-Kafi’ – Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘When it was Revealed: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool [5:55], an number from the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww gathered in the Masjid of Al-Medina and they said to each other, ‘What are you saying regarding this Verse?’
قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِنَّا إِنْ كَفَرْنَا بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ لَكَفَرْنَا بِسَائِرِهَا وَ إِنْ آمَنَّا فَإِنَّ هَذَا ذُلٌّ حِينَ يُسَلَّطُ عَلَيْنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقَالُوا قَدْ عَلِمْنَا أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً صَادِقٌ فِيمَا يَقُولُ وَ لَكِنْ نَتَوَالاهُ وَ لَا نُطِيعُ عَلِيّاً فِيمَا أَمَرَنَا
One of them said, ‘If we were to disbelieve with this Verse, we would be disbelieving with the rest of them, and if we believe, then this is a humiliation when Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws overcomes upon us’. They said, ‘We have known that Muhammad-saww is truthful regarding what he-saww is saying, but we shall befriend him-saww and not obey Ali-asws in what he-saww is instructing us’.
فَنَزَلَ- يَعْرِفُونَ نِعْمَتَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ يُنْكِرُونَها يَعْنِي وَلَايَةَ عَلِيٍ وَ أَكْثَرُهُمُ الْكافِرُونَ بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ.
It was Revealed: They are recognising the Favour of Allah, then they are denying it, – meaning the Wilayah of Ali-asws, and most of them are Kafirs [16:83] – with the Wilayah of Ali-asws’’.[22]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ إِذْ قُلْنا لِلْمَلائِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِآدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ أَبى أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنِّي أَمَرْتُ فَلَمْ أُطَعْ فَلَا تَجْزَعْ أَنْتَ إِذَا أَمَرْتَ فَلَمْ تُطَعْ فِي وَصِيِّكَ.
Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from Abu Al-Hassan (Musa)-asws regarding Words of the Exalted: And when We Said to the Angels: Perform Sajdah to Adam! So they (all) performed Sajdah except Iblees. He refused [2:34] – Allah-azwj Revealed to him-saww: ‘O Muhammad-saww! I-azwj Command, but I-azwj am not obeyed, so you-saww should not be dismayed when you-saww order and are not obeyed regarding your-saww successor-asws’’.[23]
خُزَيْمَةُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ
| فَدَيْتُ عَلِيّاً إِمَامَ الْوَرَى- | سِرَاجَ الْبَرِيَّةِ مَأْوَى التُّقَى- | |
| وَصِيَّ الرَّسُولِ وَ زَوْجَ الْبَتُولِ- | إِمَامَ الْبَرِيَّةِ شَمْسَ الضُّحَى- | |
| تَصَدَّقَ خَاتَمَهُ رَاكِعاً- | فَأَحْسِنْ بِفِعْلِ إِمَامِ الْوَرَى- | |
| فَفَضَّلَهُ اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعِبَادِ- | وَ أَنْزَلَ فِي شَأْنِهِ هَلْ أَتَى- |
Khuzeyma Bin Sabit (prosed), ‘May I be sacrificed for Ali-asws, Imam-asws of the devout, lantern of the righteous, shelter of the pious, successor-asws of the Rasool-Allah-saww, and husband of the chaste, Imam-asws of the righteous, the bright sun, giving charity of his-asws ring while in Ruk’u, so excellent was the action of an Imam-asws of the devout, so Allah-azwj, Lord-azwj of the servants Graced, and Revealed regarding his-asws glory, Didn’t there come [76:1] (Surah Al-Dahr)’’.[24]
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ أَنْشَأَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ وَ هُوَ فِي دِيوَانِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ-
| عَلِيٌّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَخُو الْهُدَى- | وَ أَفْضَلُ ذِي نَعْلٍ وَ مَنْ كَانَ حَافِياً- | |
| وَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَدَّى الزَّكَاةَ بِكَفِّهِ- | وَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ صَلَّى وَ مَنْ صَامَ طَاوِياً- | |
| فَلَمَّا أَتَاهُ سَائِلٌ مَدَّ كَفَّهُ- | إِلَيْهِ وَ لَمْ يَبْخَلْ وَ لَمْ يَكُ جَافِياً- | |
| فَدَسَّ إِلَيْهِ خَاتَماً وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ- | وَ مَا زَالَ أَوَّاهاً إِلَى الْخَيْرِ دَاعِياً- | |
| فَبَشَّرَ جِبْرِيلُ النَّبِيَّ مُحَمَّداً- | بِذَاكَ وَ جَاءَ الْوَحْيُ فِي ذَاكَ ضَاحِياً. |
Then he said, ‘And Hassan Bin Sabit prosed, and it is in the register of Al-Himeyri, ‘Ali-asws Amir Al-Momineen-asws is a brother of guidance, and the most superior one with slippers, and one who was slipperd, and the first one to give the Zakat with his-asws hand, and the first one to pray Salat, and the one to Fast voluntarily. When a beggar came to him, he-asws extended his-asws hand towards him, and was not stingy, and did not become disloyal. He-asws slid a ring to him while he-asws was in Ruk’u, and did not cease to be confidently calling to the good, so Jibraeel-as gave glad tidings to the Prophet-saww Muhammad-saww with that, and the Revelation came regarding that, clarifying’’.[25]
14- يل، الفضائل لابن شاذان فض، كتاب الروضة بِالْإِسْنَادِ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ: كُنَّا جُلُوساً عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِذْ وَرَدَ عَلَيْنَا أَعْرَابِيٌّ أَشْعَثُ الْحَالِ عَلَيْهِ أَثْوَابٌ رَثَّةٌ وَ الْفَقْرُ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ وَ سَلَّمَ قَالَ شِعْراً-
| أَتَيْتُكَ وَ الْعَذْرَاءُ تَبْكِي بِرَنَّةٍ- | وَ قَدْ ذَهِلَتْ أُمُّ الصَّبِيِّ عَنِ الطِّفْلِ- | |
| وَ أُخْتٌ وَ بِنْتَانِ وَ أُمٌّ كَبِيرَةٌ- | وَ قَدْ كِدْتُ مِنْ فَقْرِي أُخَالِطُ فِي عَقْلِي- | |
| وَ قَدْ مَسَّنِي فَقْرٌ وَ ذُلٌّ وَ فَاقَةٌ- | وَ لَيْسَ لَنَا شَيْءٌ يُمِرُّ وَ لَا يُحْلِي- | |
| وَ مَا الْمُنْتَهَى إِلَّا إِلَيْكَ مَفَرُّنَا- | وَ أَيْنَ مَفَرُّ الْخَلْقِ إِلَّا إِلَى الرُّسُلِ- |
(The book) ‘Al Fazail’ of Ibn Shazan, (and) Kitab ‘Al Rowza’, by the chain raising to Jabir Bin Abdullah Al Ansari who said,
‘We were seated in the presence of Rasool-Allah-azwj when a Bedouin arrived, of a scruffy state, upon him were shabby clothes, and there was the poverty between his eyes. When he entered and greeted, a poet said, ‘I came to you and the virgins were weeping in tone, and the mother of the child was amazed from the child, and a sister, and two daughters, and an old mother, and my intellect was almost mixed up from the poverty, and poverty has touched me, and humiliation and destitution, and there isn’t anything for us, neither bitter nor sweet, and there is no end point except to you we can flee to, and where is the fleeing of the people except to the Rasool-saww?’
قَالَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ النَّبِيُّ ص ذَلِكَ بَكَى بُكَاءً شَدِيداً ثُمَّ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ مَعَاشِرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى سَبَقَ إِلَيْكُمْ جَزَاءً وَ الْجَزَاءُ مِنَ اللَّهِ غُرَفٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ تُضَاهِي غُرَفَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْخَلِيلِ ع فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ يُوَاسِي هَذَا الْفَقِيرَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘When the Prophet-saww heard that, he-saww wept with intense weeping, then said to his-saww companions: ‘Community of Muslims! Allah-azwj the Exalted has Preceded the Recompense to you, and the Recompense from Allah-azwj is a room in the Paradise, matching the rooms of Ibrahim-as the friend (of the Beneficent). So, who from you would console this poor man?’
فَقَالَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ أَحَدٌ وَ كَانَ فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْمَسْجِدِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ يُصَلِّي رَكَعَاتِ التَّطَوُّعِ كَانَتْ لَهُ دَائِماً فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَى الْأَعْرَابِيِّ بِيَدِهِ فَدَنَا مِنْهُ فَرَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ الْخَاتَمَ مِنْ يَدِهِ وَ هُوَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَأَخَذَهُ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ وَ انْصَرَفَ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الرَّسُولِ
| أَنْتَ مَوْلًى يُرْتَجَى بِهِ مِنَ- | اللَّهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا إِقَامَةُ الدِّينِ- | |
| خَمْسَةٌ فِي الْأَنَامِ كُلُّهُمْ- | وَ أَنْتُمُ فِي الْوَرَى مَيَامِينُ- |
He (the narrator) said, ‘But no one answered him-saww, and in a corner of the Masjid was Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws praying optional Cycles of Salat. There was constancy for him-asws, so he-asws gestured to the Bedouin by his-asws hand. He went near him-asws, he raised the ring from his-asws hand while he-asws was in his-asws Salat. The Bedouin took it and left, and he was saying after the Salawaat upon the Rasool-saww, ‘You-asws as a master one can request him-asws from Allah-azwj in the world to establish the religion. Five are in sleep, all of them, and are in devoutness of a lifetime’.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ نَادَى السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رَبُّكَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ اقْرَأْ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ- وَ مَنْ يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغالِبُونَ
Then the Prophet-saww, Jibraeel-as came to him-saww and called out: ‘The greetings be unto you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww! Your-saww Lord-azwj Conveys the greetings and says to you-saww: ‘Recite: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55], And whoever takes Allah and His Rasool and those who believe for a Guardian, then they are the party of Allah, they would be triumphant [5:56].
فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَامَ النَّبِيُّ ص قَائِماً عَلَى قَدَمَيْهِ وَ قَالَ مَعَاشِرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَيُّكُمُ الْيَوْمَ عَمِلَ خَيْراً حَتَّى جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ وَلِيَّ كُلِّ مَنْ آمَنَ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا فِينَا مَنْ عَمِلَ خَيْراً سِوَى ابْنِ عَمِّكَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَإِنَّهُ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَى الْأَعْرَابِيِ بِخَاتَمِهِ وَ هُوَ يُصَلِّي
So, at that, the Prophet-saww stood up upon his-saww feet and said: ‘Community of Muslims! Which one done a good deed until Allah-azwj Made him-asws guardian of every one who believes?’ They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! There is no one among us who had done good besides the son-asws of your-saww uncle-as Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, for he-asws gave in charity to a Bedouin with his-asws ring while he-asws was praying Salat’.
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَجَبَتِ الْغُرَفُ لِابْنِ عَمِّي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْآيَةَ
The Prophet-saww said: ‘The room (in the Paradise) is obligated for the son-asws of my-saww uncle-as Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. He-saww recited the Verse to them.
قَالَ فَتَصَدَّقَ النَّاسُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْأَعْرَابِيِ فَوَلَّى وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ-
| أَنَا مَوْلًى لِخَمْسَةٍ- | أُنْزِلَتْ فِيهِمُ السُّوَرُ- | |
| أَهْلِ طه وَ هَلْ أَتَى- | فَاقْرَءُوا يُعْرَفُ الْخَبَرُ- | |
| وَ الطَّوَاسِينَ بَعْدَهَا- | وَ الْحَوَامِيمَ وَ الزُّمَرَ- | |
| أَنَا مَوْلًى لِهَؤُلَاءِ- | وَ عَدُوٌّ لِمَنْ كَفَرَ |
He (the narrator) said, ‘The people gave in charity to that Bedouin, so he turned around and he was saying, ‘I am a friend to five, the Surah was Revealed regarding them-asws, people of Taha (chapter 20), and ‘Hal Ata’ (chapter 76), so they-asws are reciting, recognising the good, and ‘Al Tawaseen’ (chapters 26, 27 & 28) after it, and ‘Al Hawameem’ (chapters 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 & 46 ) and (Surah) Al Zumar (chapter 39 ). I am a friend to them-asws and enemy to the one who disbelieves’’.[26]
15- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب كشف، كشف الغمة الثَّعْلَبِيُّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ يَرْفَعُهُ بِسَنَدِهِ قَالَ: بَيْنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ جَالِسٌ عَلَى شَفِيرِ زَمْزَمَ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذْ أَقْبَلَ رَجُلٌ مُتَعَمِّمٌ بِعِمَامَةٍ فَجَعَلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ لَا يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَّا قَالَ الرَّجُلُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ سَأَلْتُكَ بِاللَّهِ مَنْ أَنْتَ فَكَشَفَ الْعِمَامَةَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ وَ قَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَنْ عَرَفَنِي فَقَدْ عَرَفَنِي أَنَا جُنْدَبُ بْنُ جُنَادَةَ الْبَدْرِيُّ أَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Sheh Ashub (and) ‘Kashaf Al Ghumma’ (and) Al Sa’alby in his Tafseer, raising it by his chain, said,
‘While Abdullah Bin Abbas was seated upon the edge of Zamzam saying, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said (such and such)’, when a man came being veiled with his turban. So, Ibn Abbas was not saying, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said’, except the man said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said’. So, Ibn Abbas said, ‘I ask you by Allah-azwj, who are you?’ He uncovered the turban from his face and said, ‘O you people! One who recognises me-ra, so he has recognised me-asws. I-ra am Jundab Bin Junada Al Badry (participant of battle of Badr), Abu Zarr Al-Ghifari-ra!
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص بِهَاتَيْنِ وَ إِلَّا فَصَمَّتَا وَ رَأَيْتُهُ بِهَاتَيْنِ وَ إِلَّا فَعَمِيَتَا يَقُولُ عَلِيٌّ قَائِدُ الْبَرَرَةِ وَ قَاتِلُ الْكَفَرَةِ مَنْصُورٌ مَنْ نَصَرَهُ مَخْذُولٌ مَنْ خَذَلَهُ أَمَا إِنِّي صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَوْماً مِنَ الْأَيَّامِ الظُّهْرَ فَسَأَلَ سَائِلٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَلَمْ يُعْطِهِ أَحَدٌ شَيْئاً فَرَفَعَ السَّائِلُ يَدَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ اشْهَدْ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَلَمْ يُعْطِنِي أَحَدٌ شَيْئاً
I-ra heard Rasool-Allah-saww (saying) these two (Ahadeeth), or else I-ra should be deaf, and I-saww saw him-saww with these two, or else I-ra should become blind!’ A beggar begged in the Masjid, but no one gave him anything. The beggar raised his hands towards the sky and said, ‘O Allah-azwj! I testify that I begged in the Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww but no one gave me anything!’
وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع فِي الصَّلَاةِ رَاكِعاً فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِ بِخِنْصِرِهِ الْيُمْنَى وَ كَانَ مُتَخَتِّماً فِيهَا فَأَقْبَلَ السَّائِلُ فَأَخَذَ الْخَاتَمَ مِنْ خِنْصِرِهِ وَ ذَلِكَ بِمَرْأًى مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ هُوَ يُصَلِّي فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ النَّبِيُّ ص مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ أَخِي مُوسَى سَأَلَكَ
And Ali-asws was in the Salat, performing Ruk’u, so he-asws gestured towards him with his-asws pinkie, and that was seen by the Prophet-saww, and he-asws was praying Salat. When the Prophet-saww was free from his-saww Salat, he-saww raised his-saww head towards the sky and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! My-saww brother-as Musa-as asked You-azwj.
فَقَالَ- رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي وَ يَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي- وَ احْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسانِي يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي- وَ اجْعَلْ لِي وَزِيراً مِنْ أَهْلِي- هارُونَ أَخِي اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِي وَ أَشْرِكْهُ فِي أَمْرِي
He-as said: He said: ‘Lord! Expand my chest for me [20:25] And Ease my matter for me [20:26] And Loosen the knot from my tongue [20:27] (That) they may understand my speech [20:28] And Make a Vizier to be for me from my family [20:29] Haroun, my brother [20:30] Strengthen my back by him [20:31] And associate him in my matter [20:32].
فَأَنْزَلْتَ عَلَيْهِ قُرْآناً نَاطِقاً سَنَشُدُّ عَضُدَكَ بِأَخِيكَ وَ نَجْعَلُ لَكُما سُلْطاناً فَلا يَصِلُونَ إِلَيْكُما بِآياتِنا اللَّهُمَّ وَ أَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ نَبِيُّكَ وَ صَفِيُّكَ اللَّهُمَّ فَ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي وَ يَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي- … وَ اجْعَلْ لِي وَزِيراً مِنْ أَهْلِي- عَلِيّاً اشْدُدْ بِهِ ظَهْرِي
So, You-azwj Revealed a speaking Quran unto him-as, “We will Strengthen your arm with your brother, and We will Give you both an Authorisation, so that they would not get to you. With Our Signs, [28:35]. O Allah-azwj! And I-saww am Muhammad-saww, Your-azwj Prophet-saww and Your-azwj elite. O Allah-azwj! Expand my-saww chest for me-saww, and Ease my-saww matter for me-saww, and Make a vizier to be for me-saww from my-saww family, Ali-asws, for my back to be strengthened by him-asws’.
قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَمَا اسْتَتَمَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَلَامَهُ حَتَّى نَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ اقْرَأْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ.
Abu Zarr-ra said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww had not completed his-saww speech until Jibraeel-as descended from the Presence of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Read!’ Allah-azwj had Revealed unto him-saww: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55]’’.[27]
أبو بكر الرازي في كتاب أحكام القرآن على ما حكاه المغربي عنه و الرماني و الطبري أنها نزلت في علي ع حين تصدق بخاتمه و هو راكع و هو قول مجاهد و السدي و هو المروي عن أبي جعفر و أبي عبد الله ع و جميع علماء أهل البيت ع
Abu Bakr Al Razi, in the book ‘Ahkam Al Quran’, upon what Al Gharby has narrated from him, and Al Ramani, and Al Tabari –
‘It was Revealed regarding Ali-asws when he-asws gave in charity with his-asws ring while he-asws was performing Ruku’u, and it is the word of Mujahid, and Al-Sady, and it is reported from Abu Ja’far-asws and Abu Abdullah-asws, and the entirety of the scholar of the People-asws of the Household.
و قال الكلبي نزل في عبد الله بن سلام و أصحابه لما أسلموا فقطعت اليهود فنزلت الآية و في رواية عطاء قال عبد الله بن سلام أنا رأيت عليا ع تصدق بخاتمه و هو راكع فنحن نتولاه.
And Al-Kalbi said, ‘It was Revealed regarding Abdullah Bin Salam and his companions when they became Muslims, so the Jews cut them off, and this Verse was Revealed’. And in the report of Ata’a, ‘Abdullah Bin Salam said, ‘I saw Ali-asws giving in charity with his-asws ring while he-asws was performing Ruku’u, so we befriended him-asws’’.[28]
16- كشف، كشف الغمة نَقَلْتُ مِنْ مَنَاقِبِ أَبِي الْمُؤَيَّدِ الْخُوارَزْمِيِّ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: أَقْبَلَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ وَ مَعَهُ نَفَرٌ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ مِمَّنْ قَدْ آمَنُوا بِالنَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ مَنَازِلَنَا بَعِيدَةٌ لَيْسَ لَنَا مَجْلِسٌ وَ لَا مُتَحَدَّثٌ دُونَ هَذَا الْمَجْلِسِ وَ إِنَّ قَوْمَنَا لَمَّا رَأَوْنَا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ وَ صَدَّقْنَاهُ رَفَضُونَا وَ آلُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَنْ لَا يُجَالِسُونَا وَ لَا يُنَاكِحُونَا وَ لَا يُكَلِّمُونَا فَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’, copied from (the book) ‘Manaqib’ of Abu Al Muwayyid Al Khawarizmy, raising it to Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Abdullah Bin Salam came, and with him were a number of his people, from the ones who had believe in the Prophet-saww. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Our houses are remote. There isn’t any gathering for us nor any discussion besides in this Masjid, and when our people saw us to have believed in Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-Allah-azwj, and we have ratified him-saww, they rejected us, and they swore upon themselves that they will neither sit with us, nor marry us, nor speak to us. So that is grievous upon us’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ص- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص خَرَجَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَ النَّاسُ بَيْنَ قَائِمٍ وَ رَاكِعٍ وَ بَصُرَ بِسَائِلٍ
The Prophet-saww said to them: ‘But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55]’. Then the Prophet-saww went out to the Masjid, and the people were between standing, and performing Ruk’u, and he-saww sighted a beggar.
فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص هَلْ أَعْطَاكَ أَحَدٌ شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ خَاتَماً مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص مَنْ أَعْطَاكَهُ قَالَ ذَاكَ الْقَائِمُ وَ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ ص عَلَى أَيِّ حَالٍ أَعْطَاكَ قَالَ أَعْطَانِي وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فَكَبَّرَ النَّبِيُّ ص ثُمَّ قَرَأَ- وَ مَنْ يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغالِبُونَ
The Prophet-saww said to him: ‘Did anyone give you anything?’ He said, ‘Yes, a ring of gold’. The Prophet-saww said to him: ‘Who gave it to you?’ He said, ‘That one standing’, and he gestured by his hand towards Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. He-saww said: ‘Upon which state did he-asws give you?’ He said, ‘He-asws gave it to me while he-asws was in Ruk’u’. The Prophet-saww exclaimed Takbeer, then recited: And whoever takes Allah and His Rasool and those who believe for a Guardian, then they are the party of Allah, they would be triumphant [5:56]’.
فَأَنْشَأَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ يَقُولُ
| أَبَا حَسَنٍ تَفْدِيكَ نَفْسِي وَ مُهْجَتِي- | وَ كُلُّ بَطِيءٍ فِي الْهُدَى وَ مُسَارِعٍ- | |
| أَ يَذْهَبُ مَدْحِي وَ الْمُحَبِّرُ ضَائِعٌ- | وَ مَا الْمَدْحُ فِي جَنْبِ الْإِلَهِ بِضَائِعٍ- | |
| فَأَنْتَ الَّذِي أَعْطَيْتَ إِذْ كُنْتَ رَاكِعاً- | فَدَتْكَ نُفُوسُ الْقَوْمِ يَا خَيْرَ رَاكِعٍ- | |
| فَأَنْزَلَ فِيكَ اللَّهُ خَيْرَ وَلَايَةٍ- | وَ بَيْنَهَا فِي مُحْكَمَاتِ الشَّرَائِعِ |
Hasaan Bin Sabit prosed saying, ‘Abu Hassan-asws, may my soul be sacrificed and my heart’s blood, and all what is slow in the guidance and the quick. Will my praise and my writing go to waste? And there is no praise going to waste in the side of God-azwj. You-asws are the one-asws who gave when you-asws performing Ruk’u. May the souls of people be sacrificed for you-asws, of best Ruk’u performer, so Allah-azwj Revealed regarding you-asws the best Wilayah, and between it are the rulings of the Law (Sharia)’’.[29]
فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عُبَيْدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ مُعَنْعَناً عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مِثْلَهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ هُمُ الْغالِبُونَ وَ زَادَ بَعْدَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَهَا فِيَّ وَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي
Tafseer Furat Bin Ibrahim – Ubeyd Bin Kaseer, transmitting from Ibn Abbas – similar to it, up to His-azwj Words: they would be triumphant [5:56], and there is an increase after it. The Prophet-saww said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Made it to be regarding me-saww and the People-asws of my-saww Household’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ فِي خَاتَمِهِ الَّذِي أَعْطَاهُ السَّائِلَ سُبْحَانَ مَنْ فَخْرِي بِأَنِّي لَهُ عَبْدٌ.
He said, ‘And it was in the ring which he-asws gave to the beggar (inscription): ‘Glory be to the One-azwj who Prided me-asws, that I-asws am a servant to Him-azwj’’.[30]
17- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ ظَرِيفٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع جُلُوساً صَفَّيْنِ وَ هُوَ عَلَى السَّرِيرِ وَ قَدْ دَرَّ عَلَيْنَا بِالْحَدِيثِ وَ فِينَا مِنَ السُّرُورِ وَ قُرَّةِ الْعَيْنِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَكَأَنَّا فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ كَذَلِكَ إِذَا بِالْآذِنِ فَقَالَ سَلَّامٌ الْجُعْفِيُّ بِالْبَابِ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع ائْذَنْ لَهُ
Tafseer Furat Bin Ibrahim – Ismail Bin Ibrahim, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Al Bazanti, from Sa’alba, from Suleyman Bin Zareyf, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘We were seated in the presence of Abu Ja’far-asws at Siffeen, and he-asws was upon the bed, and he-asws had endowed upon us with the Hadeeth, and in us there was joy and delight of the eyes what Allah-azwj so Desired. It was as if we were in the Paradise. While we were like that when there was a request for permission to enter, ‘Greetings from Al-Jufy at the door’. Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Permit for him.
فَدَخَلَنَا هَمٌّ وَ غَمٌّ وَ مَشَقَّةٌ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يَكُفَّ عَنَّا مَا كُنَّا فِيهِ فَدَخَلَ وَ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ ثُمَّ قَالَ سَلَّامٌ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي عَنْكَ خَيْثَمَةُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ صَدَقَ خَيْثَمَةُ.
Worry and gloom entered into us and discomfort and dislike that he-asws would refrain from us what (happiness) we were in. He entered and greeted unto him-asws. Abu Ja’far-asws returned the greetings. Then he said, ‘Greeting, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Khaysama has narrated to me from you-asws about Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing [5:55], that the Verse was Revealed regarding Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. He-asws said: ‘Khaysama spoke the truth’’.[31]
18- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ ع إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
Tafseer Furat Bin Ibrahim – Al Husayn Bin Al Hakam, transmitting,
‘From Ja’far-asws: ‘But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing [5:55], was Revealed regarding Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[32]
19- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْمِنْهَالِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا قَالا فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
Tafseer Furat Bin Ibrahim – Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed, from Al Minhal who said,
‘I asked Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, and Abdullah Bin Muhammad about Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing [5:55], they both said, ‘Regarding Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[33]
20- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ يُصَلِّي ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فِي مَسْجِدِهِ فَمَرَّ بِهِ فَقِيرٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص هَلْ تُصُدِّقَ عَلَيْكَ بِشَيْءٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ مَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ رَاكِعٍ فَأَعْطَانِي خَاتَمَهُ وَ أَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
Tafseer Furat Bin Ibrahim – Al Husayn Bin Saeed transmitting,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was praying Salat one day in his-saww Masjid, and a poor (beggar) passed by him-saww. Rasool-Allah-saww said to him: ‘Has any charity been given to you?’ He said, ‘Yes. I passed by a man who was performing Ruk’u, and he-asws gave me his-asws ring’ – and he gestured by his hand, and there it was Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws.
فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص هُوَ وَلِيُّكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي.
This Verse was Revealed: ‘But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55]’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘He-asws is your guardian from after me-saww’’.[34]
وَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع خَاصَّةً وَ قَوْلُهُ- وَ مَنْ يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغالِبُونَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
And Ibn Abbas said, ‘It was Revealed regarding Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws especially, and His-azwj Words: And whoever takes Allah and His Rasool and those who believe for a Guardian, then they are the party of Allah, they would be triumphant [5:56] (is regarding) Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[35]
21- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم زَيْدُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْقَصَّارُ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ مَنْ أَحَبَّ اللَّهَ أَحَبَّ النَّبِيَّ ص وَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ النَّبِيَّ أَحَبَّنَا وَ مَنْ أَحَبَّنَا أَحَبَّ شِيعَتَنَا فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص وَ نَحْنُ وَ شِيعَتُنَا مِنْ طِينَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ نَحْنُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ لَا نُبْغِضُ مَنْ يُحِبُّنَا وَ لَا نُحِبُّ مَنْ أَبْغَضَنَا اقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Zayd Bin Hamza Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Ziyad Al Qazar, transmitting,
‘From Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, he-asws had said: ‘One who loves Allah-azwj, would love the Prophet-saww, and one who loves the Prophet-saww, would love us-asws, and one who loves us-asws, would love our-asws Shias, for the Prophet-saww and us-asws and our-asws Shias are from one clay (essence), and we-asws would be in the Paradise. Neither do we-asws hate one who loves us-asws, nor do we-asws love the one who hates us-asws. Rejoice, if you so like! But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing [5:55] – up to the end of the Verse’.
قَالَ الْحَارِثُ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ مَا نَزَلَتْ إِلَّا فِيهِ.
Al-Haris said, ‘Allah-azwj Spoke the Truth. It was not Revealed except regarding him-asws’’.[36]
22- يف، الطرائف مِنْ كِتَابِ الْجَمْعِ بَيْنَ الصِّحَاحِ السِّتَّةِ مِنْ صَحِيحِ النَّسَائِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ سَلَامٍ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ قَوْمَنَا حَادُّونَا لِمَا صَدَّقْنَا اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ أَقْسَمُوا أَنْ لَا يُكَلِّمُونَا
(The book) ‘Al Taraif’, from Kitab ‘Jam’a Bayn Al Sihah Al Sitta, from (the book) ‘Saheeh Al Nasaie’, from Ibn Salam who said,
‘I came to Rasool-Allah-saww and I said, ‘Our people are keeping away from us due to what we have ratified regarding Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and they are swearing that they will not speak to us’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الْآيَةَ ثُمَّ أَذَّنَ بِلَالٌ لِصَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ فَقَامَ النَّاسُ يُصَلُّونَ فَمِنْ بَيْنِ سَاجِدٍ وَ رَاكِعٍ- وَ سَائِلٌ إِذاً سَأَلَ فَأَعْطَى عَلِيٌّ خَاتَمَهُ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فَأَخْبَرَ السَّائِلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ الْغالِبُونَ.
So, Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing [5:55] – the Verse. Then Bilal proclaimed the Azaan to Salat Al-Zohar. The people stood to pray Salat. So, while they were between standing and performing Sajdah and Ruk’u, a beggar begged. So Ali-asws gave him his-asws ring while he-asws was performing Ruk’u. The beggar informed Rasool-Allah-saww, and Rasool-Allah-saww recited unto us: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool [5:55] – up to His-azwj Words: triumphant [5:56]’’.[37]
وَ رَوَاهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ ابْنُ الْمَغَازِلِيِّ مِنْ خَمْسِ طُرُقٍ فَمِنْهَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: مَرَّ سَائِلٌ بِالنَّبِيِّ ص وَ فِي يَدِهِ خَاتَمٌ قَالَ مَنْ أَعْطَاكَ هَذَا الْخَاتَمَ قَالَ ذَاكَ الرَّاكِعُ وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ يُصَلِّي فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَهَا فِيَّ وَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي.
And it is reported by Al Shafie Ibn Al Magazili, from five ways. From it is from Abdullah Bin Abbas who said,
‘A beggar passed by the Prophet-saww, and there was a ring in his hand. He-saww said: ‘Who gave you this ring?’ He said, ‘That Ruk’u performer’, and Ali-asws was praying Salat. He-saww said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Made it to be regarding me-asws and regarding People-asws of my-saww Household’’.[38]
وَ مِنْ رِوَايَاتِ الشَّافِعِيِّ ابْنِ الْمَغَازِلِيِّ فِي الْمَعْنَى يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَابِسٍ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَ أَبُو مَرْيَمَ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ فَقَالَ أَبُو مَرْيَمَ كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع جَالِساً إِذْ مَرَّ ابْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ هَذَا ابْنُ الَّذِي عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ الْكِتابِ
And from the Shafie reports – Al Magazili, in the meaning, raising it to Ali Bin Aabis who said,
‘I and Abu Maryam entered to see Abdullah Bin Ata’a. Abu Maryam said, ‘I was seated with Ja’far-asws when Ibn Abdullah Bin Salam passed by. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! This is the son of the one with whom is Knowledge of the Book [13:43]’.
قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنَّهُ صَاحِبُكُمْ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع الَّذِي نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ آيَاتٌ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ مَنْ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ الْكِتابِ أَ فَمَنْ كانَ عَلى بَيِّنَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَ يَتْلُوهُ شاهِدٌ مِنْهُ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ.
He-asws said: ‘No, but it is your Master Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, the one for whom Verses from the Book of Allah-azwj were Revealed: one with whom is Knowledge of the Book [13:43]; So the one who was upon a clear Proof from his Lord, and a witness from him recites it, [11:17]; But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55]’’.[39]
وَ ذَكَرَ السُّدِّيُّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
And Al-Study mentioned in his Tafseer, ‘This Verse was Revealed regarding Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[40]
23- وَ أَقُولُ رُوِيَ فِي جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ مِنْ صَحِيحِ النَّسَائِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ سَلَامٍ مِثْلَ الْخَبَرِ الْأَوَّلِ الَّذِي رَوَاهُ السَّيِّدُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ رَهْطٌ مِنْ قَوْمِي فَقُلْنَا إِنَّ قَوْمَنَا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ بَيْنَ سَاجِدٍ وَ رَاكِعٍ وَ سَائِلٌ إِذاً سَأَلَ فَأَعْطَاهُ عَلِيٌّ إِلَى آخِرِ الْخَبَرِ.
And I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported in (the book) ‘Jamie Al Usool’, from (the book) ‘Saheeh’ of Al Nasaie, from Ibn Salam, similar to the first Hadeeth which the Seyyid reported except that he said,
‘I came in a group from my people came to Rasool-Allah-azwj. We said, ‘Our people’ – up to his words, ‘Between performing Sajdah and Ruk’u, there was a beggar (who begged), so Ali-asws gave him’ – up to the end of the Hadeeth’’.[41]
وَ رَوَى ابْنُ بِطْرِيقٍ أَيْضاً فِي الْمُسْتَدْرَكِ عَنِ الْحَافِظِ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَمَّارَ بْنَ يَاسِرٍ يَقُولُ وَقَفَ لِعَلِيٍّ سَائِلٌ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فِي صَلَاةِ تَطَوُّعٍ فَنَزَعَ خَاتَمَهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَأَعْلَمَهُ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ.
And it is reported by Ibn Batreeq as well in (the book) ‘Al Mustadrak’, from Al Hafiz Abu Nueym, by his chain from Zayd Bin Al Hassan, from his father who said,
‘I heard Ammar Bin Yasser-ra saying, ‘A beggar paused to Ali-asws while he-asws was performing Ruk’u in an optional Salat. So, he-asws removed his-asws ring and gave it to hm. He came to Rasool-Allah-saww and let him-saww know. This Verse was Revealed: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool [5:55]’’.[42]
وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا يُرِيدُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع- الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ وَ يُؤْتُونَ الزَّكاةَ وَ هُمْ راكِعُونَ
And by his chain from Al Zahhak, from Ibn Abbas,
‘Regarding Words of Mighty and Majestic: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool and those who are believing, [5:55], intends Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, those who are establishing the Salat and are giving the Zakat while they are performing Ruku [5:55].
قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا رَأَيْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع تَصَدَّقَ بِخَاتَمِهِ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ عَلَى مُحْتَاجٍ فَنَحْنُ نَتَوَلَّاهُ.
Abdullah Bin salam said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I saw Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws give in charity with his-asws ring while he-asws was performing Ruk’u, to a needy one, so we are befriending him-asws’’.[43]
وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْكَلْبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ص يَتَوَضَّأُ لِلصَّلَاةِ فَنَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ الْآيَةَ فَتَوَجَّهَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَاسْتَقْبَلَ سَائِلًا فَقَالَ مَنْ تَرَكْتَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلًا تَصَدَّقَ عَلَيَّ بِخَاتَمِهِ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ ص فَإِذَا هُوَ عَلِيٌّ ع.
And by his chain from Al Kalby, from Abu Salih, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘The Prophet-saww was performing Wud’u for the Salat. It was Revealed unto him-saww: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, [5:55] – the Verse. The Prophet-saww paid attention and went out to the Masjid, and met a beggar. He-saww said: ‘Whom did you leave behind in the Masjid?’ He said, ‘A man who gave in charity to me with his-asws ring while he-asws was performing Ruk’u’. The Prophet-saww entered, and there it was Ali-asws’’.[44]
وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: جَاءَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ وَ أُنَاسٌ مَعَهُ يَسْأَلُونَ مُجَانَبَةَ الْإِنْسِ إِيَّاهُمْ مُنْذُ أَسْلَمُوا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ابْغُوا إِلَيَّ سَائِلًا فَدَخَلْنَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَدَنَا سَائِلٌ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَعْطَاكَ أَحَدٌ شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ مَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ رَاكِعٍ فَأَعْطَانِي خَاتَمَهُ
And by his chain, raising it to Abu Al Zubeyr, from Jabir who said,
‘Abdullah Bin Salam came and some people were with him, asking for the people to stay away from them since they had become Muslims. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Seek a beggar to come to me-saww’. We entered the Masjid and brought a beggar to him-saww. He-saww said to him: ‘Has anyone given you anything?’ He said, ‘Yes. I passed by a man performing Ruku’u, and he-asws have me his-asws ring’.
قَالَ فَاذْهَبْ فَأَرِهِ لِي فَقَالَ فَذَهَبْنَا فَإِذَا عَلِيٌّ قَائِمٌ فَقَالَ هَذَا فَنَزَلَتْ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ الْآيَةَ.
He-saww said: ‘Go and show him-asws to me-saww’. We went and there was Ali-asws standing. He said, ‘This one!’ So, it was Revealed: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool [5:55] – the Verse’’.[45]
وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ بْنِ مُجَاهِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
And by his chain raising it to Abul Wahhab Bin Mujahid, from his father, from Ibn Abbas,
‘Words of the Exalted: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool [5:55], was Revealed regarding Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[46]
وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى مُوسَى بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ قَالَ: تَصَدَّقَ عَلِيٌّ بِخَاتَمِهِ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فَنَزَلَتْ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ الْآيَةَ.
And by his chain, raising it to Musa Bin Qays Al Hazrami, from Salamah Bin Kuheyl who said,
‘Ali-asws gave in charity with his-asws ring while he-asws was in Ruk’u, so it was Revealed: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool [5:55] – the Verse’’.[47]
24- أَقُولُ قَالَ السَّيِّدُ فِي كِتَابِ سَعْدِ السُّعُودِ رَأَيْتُ فِي تَفْسِيرِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ أَنَّهُ رَوَى نُزُولَ آيَةِ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي عَلِيٍّ ع مِنْ تِسْعِينَ طَرِيقاً بِأَسَانِيدَ مُتَّصِلَةٍ كُلُّهَا أَوْ جُلُّهَا مِنْ رِجَالِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ لِأَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ ع
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘The Seyyid said in his book ‘Sa’ad Al-Saoud’, ‘I saw in the Tafseer of Muhammad Bin Al-Abbas Bin Ali Bin Marwan, he reported that the Verse: But rather, Allah is your Guardian, [5:55], was Revealed regarding Ali-asws, from ninety ways, by connected chains, all of them, most of them from men from the adversaries to People-asws of the Household.
مِنْهُمْ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَ عُثْمَانُ وَ زُبَيْرٌ وَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ وَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ وَ طَلْحَةُ وَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَ أَبُو رَافِعٍ وَ جَابِرٌ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَ الْخَلِيلُ بْنُ مُرَّةَ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ الْبَاقِرُ وَ الصَّادِقُ ع وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ وَ مُجَاهِدٌ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَرِيٍّ وَ عَطَاءُ بْنُ السَّائِبِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ السَّائِبِ وَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ
From them is Ali-asws, and Umar Bin Al-Khattab, and Usman, and Zubeyr, and Abdul Rahman Bin Awf, and Sa’ad Bin Abu Waqas, and Talha, and Ibn Abbas, and Abu Rafie, and Jabir Al-Ansari, And Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Khaleel Bin Murrah, and Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, and Al-Baqir-asws, and Al-Sadiq-asws, and Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Al-Hanafiyya, and Mujahid, and Muhammad Bin Sary, and Ata’a Bin Al Saib, and Muhammad Bin Al Sa’ib, and Abdul Razzaq.
فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا رَوَاهُ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الرَّاشِدِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ عَنْ عَوْنِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ قَالَ:
So, from that is what is reported from ismail Bin Is’haq Al Rashidi, from Yahya Bin Hashim, from Muhammad Bin Ubeydullah Bin Ali Bin Abu Rafie, from Aqn Bin Ubeydullah, from his father, from his grandfather Abu Rafie who said,
دَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ نَائِمٌ أَوْ يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ فَإِذَا حَيَّةٌ فِي جَانِبِ الْبَيْتِ فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَقْتُلَهَا فَأُوقِظَهُ وَ ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ فَاضْطَجَعْتُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الْحَيَّةِ لَئِنْ كَانَ مِنْهَا سُوءٌ يَكُونُ فِي دُونِهِ
‘I entered to see Rasool-Allah-saww and he-saww was asleep, or it was being Revealed to him, and there was a snake in the side of the house. I dislike to kill it and it would awaken him-saww, and I thought he-saww was being Revealed to. So, I lied down between him-saww and the snake, so if there would be any evil from it, it would happen to me, rather than him-saww’.
قَالَ فَاسْتَيْقَظَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ هُوَ يَتْلُو هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَكْمَلَ لِعَلِيٍّ نِعَمَهُ وَ هَنِيئاً لِعَلِيٍّ بِتَفْضِيلِ اللَّهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘The Prophet-saww woke up and he-saww was reciting this Verse: ‘But rather, Allah is your Guardian, and His Rasool [5:55]. Then he-saww said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Perfected for Ali-asws, His-azwj Favours, and congratulations be for Ali-asws due to the Preference by Allah-azwj’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ مَا يُضْجِعُكَ هَاهُنَا فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ الْخَبَرَ فَقَالَ لِي قُمْ إِلَيْهَا فَاقْتُلْهَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then he-saww turned towards me and said: ‘What made you lie down over here?’ I informed him-saww the news. He-saww said to me: ‘Arise to it and kill it’.
ثُمَّ أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِيَدِي فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا رَافِعٍ لِيَكُونَنَّ عَلِيٌّ مِنْكَ بِمَنْزِلَتِي غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي إِنَّهُ سَيُقَاتِلُهُ قَوْمٌ يَكُونُ حَقّاً فِي اللَّهِ جِهَادُهُمْ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ جِهَادَهُمْ بِيَدِهِ فَجَاهَدَهُمْ بِلِسَانِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ بِلِسَانِهِ فَجَاهَدَهُمْ بِقَلْبِهِ لَيْسَ وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ وَ هُوَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَ هُمْ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ
Then Rasool-Allah-saww held my hand and said: ‘O Abu Rafie! Let Ali-asws be from you at my-saww status apart from that there is no Prophet-saww after me-saww. A people would fight against him-asws, there would happen to be a right regarding Allah-azwj to fight against them. So, the one who is not able to fight them by his hands, then he should fight against them by his tongue, and if he is not able with his tongue, then he should fight them by his heart. There isn’t anything behind that, and he-asws is upon the truth, and they would be upon the falsehood’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ وَ قَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَنْ كَانَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَى أَمِينِي فَهَذَا أَمِينِي يَعْنِي أَبَا رَافِعٍ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then he-saww went out and said: ‘O you people! One who loves to look at my-saww trusted one, so this is my trusted one!’ – meaning Abu Rafie’.
قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ فَلَمَّا بُويِعَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ سَارَ طَلْحَةُ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ وَ خَالَفَهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ وَ أَهْلُ الشَّامِ قَالَ أَبُو رَافِعٍ هَذَا قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّهُ سَيُقَاتِلُ عَلِيّاً قَوْمٌ يَكُونُ حَقّاً فِي اللَّهِ جِهَادُهُمْ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ جِهَادَهُمْ بِيَدِهِ فَبِلِسَانِهِ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ بِلِسَانِهِ فَبِقَلْبِهِ لَيْسَ وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ
Muhammad Bin Ubeydullah said, ‘When Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws was pledged allegiance to, and Talha and Al-Zubeyr travelled to Al-Basra, and Muawiya and the people of Syrian opposed him-asws. Abu Rafie said, ‘These are the words of Rasool-Allah-azwj that people would be fighting against Ali-asws, there would happen to be a right in Allah-azwj to fight against them. So, the one who is not able to fight them by his hand, then by his tongue, and one who is not able by his tongue, then by his heart. There isn’t anything behind that’.
فَبَاعَ أَبُو رَافِعٍ دَارَهُ وَ أَرْضَهُ بِخَيْبَرَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ بِقَبِيلَتِهِ وَ عِيَالِهِ وَ هُوَ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ ابْنُ خَمْسٍ وَ ثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً: ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ لَقَدْ أَصْبَحْتُ وَ مَا أَعْلَمُ أَحَداً بِمَنْزِلَتِي لَقَدْ بَايَعْتُ الْبَيْعَتَيْنِ بَيْعَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ وَ بَيْعَةَ الرِّضْوَانِ وَ لَقَدْ صَلَّيْتُ الْقِبْلَتَيْنِ وَ هَاجَرْتُ الْهِجَرَ الثَّلَاثَ
So, Abu Rafie sold his house and his land at Khyber, then he went out with Ali-asws with his tribe and his dependants, and he was an aged old man of eighty-five years. Then he said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj! I woke up in the morning and I do not know anyone being at my status. I have pledged the two allegiance – allegiance of Al-Aqaba and allegiance of Al-Rizwaan, and I have prays Salat to two Qiblahs, and emigrated three emigrations’.
فَقِيلَ لَهُ مَا الْهِجَرُ الثَّلَاثُ قَالَ هِجْرَةٌ مَعَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ إِلَى أَرْضِ النَّجَاشِيِّ إِذْ بَعَثَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ هِجْرَةٌ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ هَذِهِ هِجْرَةٌ مَعَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ
It was said to him, ‘What are the three emigrations?’ He said, ‘Emigration with Ja’far-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws to the land of Al-Najashy (Ethiopia) when Rasool-Allah-saww had sent him-as, and emigration to Al-Medina with Rasool-Allah-saww, and (now) this emigration with Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws to Al-Kufa’.
ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ مَعَهُ حَتَّى اسْتُشْهِدَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ رَجَعَ أَبُو رَافِعٍ مَعَ الْحَسَنِ ع إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَ لَا دَارَ لَهُ وَ لَا أَرْضَ فَقَسَمَ لَهُ الْحَسَنُ ع دَارَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ نِصْفَيْنِ وَ أَعْطَاهُ بِيَنْبُعَ أَرْضاً أَقْطَعَهَا إِيَّاهُ فَبَاعَهَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي رَافِعٍ بَعْدُ مِنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بِمِائَتَيْ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ سِتِّينَ أَلْفاً.
Then he did not cease to be with him-asws until Amir Al-Momineen-asws was martyred, and Abu rafie returned with Al-Hassan-asws to Al-Medina, and there was no house for him nor any land. Al-Hassan-asws apportioned for him the house of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws in two halves and gave him land at Yanbu, cutting it out. Ubeydullah Bin Abu Rafie sold it afterwards to Muawiya for two hundred and sixty thousand Dirhams’’.[48]
وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ قَالَ: كَانَ خَاتَمُ عَلِيٍّ ع الَّذِي تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ حَلْقَةَ فِضَّةٍ فِيهَا مِثْقَالٌ عَلَيْهَا مَنْقُوشٌ الْمُلْكُ لِلَّهِ.
And it is reported as well, from Ahmad Bin Mansour, from Abdul Qazaq who said,
‘The ring which Ali-asws gave in charity with while he-asws was in Ruk’u, its band was of silver in which was a ‘Misqal’ (of silver). Upon it was an engraving: ‘The Kingdom is for Allah-azwj’’.[49]
وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ جَدِّهِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ عَنْ مَخْلَدٍ عَنِ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَخْرَجْتُ مِنْ مَالِ صَدَقَةٍ يُتَصَدَّقُ بِهَا عَنِّي وَ أَنَا رَاكِعٌ أَرْبَعاً وَ عِشْرِينَ مَرَّةً عَلَى أَنْ يَنْزِلَ فِيَّ مَا نَزَلَ فِي عَلِيٍّ فَمَا نَزَلَ.
And it is reported as well from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Alawy, from his grandfather Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Yazeed, from Abdul Wahhab, from Makhlad, from Al Mubarak, from Al Hassan who said,
‘Umar Bin Al-Khattab said, ‘I extracted charity from my wealth to give in charity with it on my behalf while I performed Ruk’u, twenty four times that there should be a Revelation regarding me what had been Revealed regarding Ali-asws, but there was no Revelation’’.[50]
باب 5 آية التطهير
CHAPTER 5 – THE VERSE OF ‘TAT’HEER’ (PURIFICATION – 33:33)
1- فس، تفسير القمي فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً قَالَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَ ذَلِكَ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجَةِ النَّبِيِّ ص
Tafseer Al Qummi – In a report of Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’ar-asws regarding Words of the Exalted: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. He-asws said: ‘This Verse was Revealed regarding Rasool-Allah-saww, and Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and that (happened) in the house of Umm Salama-ra, wife-ra of the Prophet-saww.
دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع ثُمَّ أَلْبَسَهُمْ كِسَاءً لَهُ خَيْبَرِيّاً وَ دَخَلَ مَعَهُمْ فِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِيَ الَّذِينَ وَعَدْتَنِي فِيهِمْ مَا وَعَدْتَنِي اللَّهُمَّ أَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ
Rasool-Allah-saww called Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. Then he-saww covered them with a Khyberi cloak of his-saww, and entered to be with them-asws. Then he-saww said: ‘They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, those You-azwj Promised me-saww regarding them-asws what You-azwj Promised me-saww. O Allah-azwj! Keep away the uncleanness from them-asws and Purify them with a Purification’. So, this Verse was Revealed.
فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ وَ أَنَا مَعَهُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَبْشِرِي يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ فَإِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ
Umm Salama-ra said, ‘And am I-ra with them-asws, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘Receive glad tidings, O Umm Salama-ra, for you-ra are (destined) to good’.
قَالَ أَبُو الْجَارُودِ وَ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ إِنَّ جُهَّالًا مِنَ النَّاسِ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّمَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ أَزْوَاجَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ قَدْ كَذَبُوا وَ أَثِمُوا وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ عَنَى بِهَا أَزْوَاجَ النَّبِيِّ ص لَقَالَ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُنَّ الرِّجْسَ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُنَّ تَطْهِيراً
And Abu Al-Jaroud said, ‘And Zayd son of Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said, ‘The ignoramuses from the people are claiming that rather Allah-azwj has Meant the wives of the Prophet-saww with the Verse, and they are lying, and committing a sin, and I swear by Allah-azwj, if the wives of the Prophet-saww had been meant by it, He-azwj would have Said: “Keep the uncleanness away from you (feminine plural) and Purify you (feminine plural) with a Purification”.
وَ لَكَانَ الْكَلَامُ مُؤَنَّثاً كَمَا قَالَ- وَ اذْكُرْنَ ما يُتْلى فِي بُيُوتِكُنَ وَ لا تَبَرَّجْنَ وَ لَسْتُنَّ كَأَحَدٍ مِنَ النِّساءِ.
But, the Speech is in feminine (gender) just as He-azwj Said: ‘And stay in your houses and do not display [33:33]; and O wives of the Prophet! You are not like any one from the women. [33:32]’’.[51]
2- فس، تفسير القمي وَ أْمُرْ أَهْلَكَ بِالصَّلاةِ وَ اصْطَبِرْ عَلَيْها فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَخُصَّ أَهْلَهُ دُونَ النَّاسِ لِيَعْلَمَ النَّاسُ أَنَّ لِأَهْلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مَنْزِلَةً خَاصَّةً لَيْسَتْ لِلنَّاسِ
Tafseer Al-Qummi – And enjoin your family with the Salat and be constant upon it. [20:132]. Allah-azwj Commanded him-saww to specialise his-saww family besides the people for the people to know that for the family of Muhammad-saww there is a special status in the Presence of Allah-azwj which isn’t for the people.
إِذْ أَمَرَهُمْ مَعَ النَّاسِ عَامَّةً ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمْ خَاصَّةً فَلَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَجِيءُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ عِنْدَ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ بَابَ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَيَقُولُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ
Then He-azwj Commanded them with the general people, then Commanded them in particular. When Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed this Verse, Rasool-Allah-saww used to come every day during Salat Al-Fajr until he-saww would come to the door of Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn, and he-saww would say: ‘The greetings be upon you-asws all, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings’.
فَيَقُولُ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع وَ عَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ
So, Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws would say: ‘And upon you-saww be the greetings, O Rasool-Allah-azwj, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings’.
ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ بِعِضَادَتَيِ الْبَابِ وَ يَقُولُ الصَّلَاةَ الصَّلَاةَ يَرْحَمُكُمُ اللَّهُ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ إِذَا شَهِدَ الْمَدِينَةَ حَتَّى فَارَقَ الدُّنْيَا وَ قَالَ أَبُو الْحَمْرَاءِ خَادِمُ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَا شَهِدْتُهُ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ.
Then he-saww would grab the two posts of the door and say: ‘The Salat! The Salat, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you-asws all! But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. He-saww did not cease doing that every day whenever he-saww attended Al-Medina until he-saww separated from the world. And Abu Hamra’a, servant of the Prophet-saww said, ‘I testify that he-saww was doing that’’.[52]
3- جا، المجالس للمفيد ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنِ الْجِعَابِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ أَبِي مُوسَى عَنْ عُبْدُوسِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ فُرَاتٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَأْتِينَا كُلَّ غَدَاةٍ فَيَقُولُ الصَّلَاةَ رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ الصَّلَاةَ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
(The books) ‘Al Majalis’ of Al Mufeed, (and) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Al Jiany, from Ahmad Bin Isa Bin Abu Musa, from Ubdous Bin Muhammad Al hazramyu from Muhammad Bin Furat, from Abu Is’haq, from Al Haris,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww would come to us-asws every morning and say: ‘The Salat, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you-asws all! The Salat! But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’’.[53]
4- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي أَبُو عَمْرٍو عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al tusi – Abu Amro, from Ibn Uqdah, from yaqoub Bin Yusuf Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Is’haq Bin Ammar, from Hilal Bin Ayoub, from Atiyah who said,
‘I asked Abu Saeed Al-Khudri about Words of the Exalted: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. He said, ‘It was Revealed regarding Rasool-Allah-saww, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws’’.[54]
5- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي وَ ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ مَعاً عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ نَضْرِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْغَفَّارِ الْجَازِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً قَالَ الرِّجْسُ هُوَ الشَّكُ.
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’ – My father and Ibn Al Waleed, both together from Al Himeyri, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Nazar Bin Shuayb, from Abdul Gaffar Al Jazy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. He-asws said: ‘The uncleanness, it is the doubt’’.[55]
6- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي بِإِسْنَادِ أَخِي دِعْبِلٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي بَيْتِي وَ فِي يَوْمِي وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عِنْدِي فَدَعَا عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع وَ جَاءَ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَمَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ كِسَاءً فَدَكِيّاً ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي اللَّهُمَّ أَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
(Al Amaali) of the sheykh Al Tusi – By the chain the brother of Deobel,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws from Umm Salama-ra, she-ra said, ‘This Verse was Revealed in my-ra house and during my-ra day, and Rasool-Allah-saww was with me-ra. He-saww called Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and Jibraeel-as cane, so he-saww extended a cloak of Fadak upon them, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household. O Allah-azwj! Keep away from them the uncleanness, and Purify them with a Purification’.
قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ أَنَا مِنْكُمْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ أَنْتَ مِنَّا يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ أَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ وَ جِئْتُ لِأَدْخُلَ مَعَهُمْ فَقَالَ كُونِي مَكَانَكِ يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ إِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ أَنْتِ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ
Jibraeel-as said: ‘And am I-as from them-asws, O Muhammad-saww?’ The Prophet-saww said: ‘And you-as are from us-asws, O Jibraeel-as!’ Umm Salama-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And am I-ra from People-asws of your-saww Household?’, and she-ra went to enter to be with them-asws. He-saww said: ‘Stay in your-ra place, O Umm Salama-ra! You-ra are (destined) to good! You-ra are from wives of a Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj’.
فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ اقْرَأْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً فِي النَّبِيِّ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع.
Jibraeel-as said: ‘Recite, O Muhammad-saww: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’ – regarding the Prophet-saww, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws’’.[56]
7- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي أَبُو عَمْرٍو عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُعِينٍ مَوْلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي بَيْتِهَا- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ أُرْسِلَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Abu Amro, from Ibn Uqda, from Ahmad Bin Yahya, from Abdul Rahman, from his father, from Abu Is’haq, from Abdullah Bin Mueen,
‘A slave of Umm Salama-ra, from Umm Salama-ra, wife-ra of the Prophet-saww, she-ra said this Verse was Revealed in her-ra house: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33], ‘Rasool-Allah-saww instructed me-ra to send a message to Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws.
فَلَمَّا أَتَوْهُ اعْتَنَقَ عَلِيّاً بِيَمِينِهِ وَ الْحَسَنَ بِشِمَالِهِ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ عَلَى بَطْنِهِ وَ فَاطِمَةَ عِنْدَ رِجْلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلِي وَ عِتْرَتِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً قَالَهَا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ
When they-asws came to him-saww, he-saww hugged Ali-asws with his-saww right hand, and Al-Hassan-asws with his-saww left hand, and placed Al-Husayn-asws upon his-saww belly, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws was by his-saww legs, then he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are my-saww people-asws, and my-saww family-asws, so Keep away from them-asws the uncleanness and Purify them-asws with a Purification’ – saying it three times.
قُلْتُ فَأَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّكِ عَلَى خَيْرٍ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
I-ra said, ‘I-ra, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are upon good, if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.[57]
8- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي أَبُو عَمْرٍو عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ النُّورِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ قَرْمٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَجَّافِ وَ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ عَنْ نَقِيعِ بْنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَمْرَاءِ قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ النَّبِيَّ ص أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً يَجِيءُ إِلَى بَابِ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ ع فَيَأْخُذُ بِعِضَادَتَيِ الْبَابِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ الصَّلَاةَ يَرْحَمُكُمُ اللَّهُ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Abu Amro, from Ibn Uqdah, from Al-Husayn Bin Abdul Rahman, from his father, from Abdul Noor Bin Abdullah Bin Sinan, from Suleyman Bin Qawm, from Abu Al Hajaf, and Salim Bin Abu Hafs, from Nafie Bin Abu Dawood, from Abu Al Hamra’a who said,
‘I witnessed the Prophet-saww for forty morning coming to the door of Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and he-saww would grab the two posts of the door, then said: ‘The greetings be unto you-asws all, People-asws of the Household, and Mercy of Allah-azwj, and His-azwj Blessings! The Salat! May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you-asws all! But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’’.[58]
9- ل، الخصال لي، الأمالي للصدوق أَبِي عَنِ الْمُؤَدِّبِ عَنِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ عَنِ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ مُخَوَّلِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ عَمَّارِ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ عَمْرَةَ ابْنَةِ أَفْعَى قَالَتْ سَمِعْتُ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا تَقُولُ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي بَيْتِي إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً
(The books) ‘Al Khisaal’ (and) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – My father, from Al Muwaddib, from Al Asbahany, from Al Saqafi, from Mukhawal Bin Ibrahim, from Abdul Jabbar Bin Al Abbas, from Ammar Abu Muawiya, from Amrah Bint Af’a who said,
‘I heard Umm Salama-ra, may Allah-azwj be Pleased from her-ra saying, ‘This Verse was Revealed in my-ra house: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’.
قَالَتْ وَ فِي الْبَيْتِ سَبْعَةٌ- رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ مِيكَائِيلُ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع
She-ra said, ‘And in the house there were seven – Rasool-Allah-saww, and Jibraeel-as, and Mikaeel-as, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws’.
قَالَتْ وَ أَنَا عَلَى الْبَابِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ لَسْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ قَالَ إِنَّكِ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ وَ مَا قَالَ إِنَّكِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ.
She-ra said, ‘And I-ra was at the door, so I-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Am I-ra not from People-asws of the Household?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are from wives of the Prophet-saww’, and did not say: ‘You-saww are from People-asws of the Household’’.[59]
10- لي، الأمالي للصدوق بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ خِرَاشٍ عَنِ الْعَوَّامِ بْنِ الْحَوْشَبِ عَنِ التَّيْمِيِ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ فَحَدَّثَتْنَا أَنَّهَا رَأَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص دَعَا عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – By the chain from Al Saqafi, from Ismail Bin Aban, from Abdullah Bin Hirash, from Al Awwam Bin Al Howshab, from Al Taymi who said,
‘I entered to see Ayesha and she narrated that she had seen Rasool-Allah-saww call Ali-asws, and Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws. He-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, so Keep the uncleanness away from them-asws and Purify them with a Purification’’.[60]
11- لي، الأمالي للصدوق أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِنَّ عَلِيّاً وَصِيِّي وَ خَلِيفَتِي وَ زَوْجَتَهُ فَاطِمَةَ سَيِّدَةُ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ ابْنَتِي وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ سَيِّدَا شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَلَدَايَ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – My father, from Ibn Aamir, from Al Moallah, from Ja’far Bin Suleyman, from Abdullah Bin Al Hakam, from his father, from Saeed Bin Jubeyr, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘Ali-asws is my-saww successor-asws and my-saww caliph, and I-saww married him-asws to (Syeda) Fatima-asws, chieftess of women of the worlds, my-saww daughter-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws are two chiefs of the people of the Paradise, are my-saww (grand) sons-asws.
مَنْ وَالاهُمْ فَقَدْ وَالانِي وَ مَنْ عَادَاهُمْ فَقَدْ عَادَانِي وَ مَنْ نَاوَاهُمْ فَقَدْ نَاوَانِي وَ مَنْ جَفَاهُمْ فَقَدْ جَفَانِي وَ مَنْ بَرَّهُمْ فَقَدْ بَرَّنِي وَصَلَ اللَّهُ مَنْ وَصَلَهُمْ وَ قَطَعَ مَنْ قَطَعَهُمْ وَ نَصَرَ مَنْ نَصَرَهُمْ وَ أَعَانَ مَنْ أَعَانَهُمْ وَ خَذَلَ مَنْ خَذَلَهُمْ
One who befriends them-asws so he has befriended me-saww, and one who is inimical to them-asws, so he has been inimical to me-saww, and one who hurts them-asws has hurt me-saww, and one who are disloyal to them has been disloyal to me-saww, and one who is righteous with them-asws so he has been righteous with me-saww, and may Allah-azwj Connect with the one who connects with them-asws and Cuts off from the one who cuts off from them, and Help the one who helps them-asws, and be Inimical to the one inimical to them-asws, and Abandon the one who abandons them-asws.
اللَّهُمَّ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْبِيَائِكَ وَ رُسُلِكَ ثَقَلٌ وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ فَعَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي وَ ثَقَلِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
O Allah-azwj! Ones from You-azwj Prophets-as and Rasools-as has a weight for him-as, and family, so Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws are People-asws of my-saww household and my-saww weighty ones, so Keep away from them the uncleanness and Purify them-asws with a Purifying’’.[61]
12- شي، تفسير العياشي فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَ أَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – In a report of Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: Obey Allah and obey the Rasool and those with (Divine) Authority from you. [4:59]. He-asws said: ‘It was Revealed regarding Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.
قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ لَنَا فَمَا مَنَعَهُ أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ عَلِيّاً وَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ فِي كِتَابِهِ
I said, ‘The people are saying to us, ‘So what Prevented Him-azwj from Naming Ali-asws and People-asws of his-asws Household in His-azwj Book?’
فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع قُولُوا لَهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ الصَّلَاةَ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ ثَلَاثاً وَ لَا أَرْبَعاً حَتَّى كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ هُوَ الَّذِي فَسَّرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ وَ نَزَّلَ عَلَيْهِ الزَّكَاةَ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ لَهُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ دِرْهَماً حَتَّى كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَنْزَلَ الْحَجَّ فَلَمْ يُنْزِلْ طُوفُوا أُسْبُوعاً حَتَّى فَسَّرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Say to the that Allah-azwj Revealed the Salat unto His-azwj Rasool-saww and did not Specify three nor four until it was Rasool-Allah-azwj, he-saww was the one who interpreted that for them; and Revealed the Zakat upon Him-azwj and did not Specify for them one Dirham from every forty, until it was Rasool-Allah-saww (who did that); and Revealed the Hajj but did not Revealed: “Perform Tawaaf of seven circuits!”, until that was interpreted for them by Rasool-Allah-saww.
وَ أَنْزَلَ- أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَ أَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَ قَالَ ص فِي عَلِيٍّ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ
And (the Verse): Obey Allah and obey the Rasool and those with (Divine) Authority from you. [4:59] was Revealed regarding Ali-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. And he-saww said regarding Ali-asws: ‘One whose master I-saww was, so Ali-asws is his master-asws’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أُوصِيكُمْ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي إِنِّي سَأَلْتُ اللَّهَ أَنْ لَا يُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا حَتَّى يُورِدَهُمَا عَلَيَّ الْحَوْضَ فَأَعْطَانِي ذَلِكَ فَلَا تُعَلِّمُوهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكُمْ إِنَّهُمْ لَنْ يُخْرِجُوكُمْ مِنْ بَابِ هُدًى وَ لَنْ يُدْخِلُوكُمْ فِي بَابِ ضَلَالٍ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww bequeath you all with the Book of Allah-azwj and People-asws of the Household. I-saww asked Allah-azwj Not to Separate between them until they return to me-saww at the Fountain, so He-azwj Granted me-saww that. So, do not (try to) teach them-asws for they-asws are more learned that you are. They-asws will never exit you from a door of guidance and will never enter you into a door of straying’.
وَ لَوْ سَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ لَمْ يُبَيِّنْ أَهْلَهَا لَادَّعَاهَا آلُ عَبَّاسٍ وَ آلُ عَقِيلٍ وَ آلُ فُلَانٍ وَ آلُ فُلَانٍ وَ لَكِنْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً فَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ فَاطِمَةُ ع
And if Rasool-Allah-saww had been silent and not clarify his-saww family-asws, the family of Abbas, and family of Aqeel, and family of so and so, and family of so and so, would have claimed it. But Allah-azwj Revealed in His-azwj Book: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. So, it was Ali-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws.
تَأْوِيلَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِيَدِ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَأَدْخَلَهُمْ تَحْتَ الْكِسَاءِ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ ثَقَلًا وَ أَهْلًا فَهَؤُلَاءِ ثَقَلِي وَ أَهْلِي فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ أَ لَسْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ قَالَ إِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ وَ لَكِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ ثَقَلِي وَ أَهْلِي
The interpretation of this verse, Rasool-Allah-saww held a hand of Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and entered them-asws beneath a cloak in the house of Umm Salama-ra and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! For every Prophet-saww there is a weighty thing and a family, so they-asws are my-as weighty thing and my-saww family’. Umm Salama-ra said, ‘Am I-ra not from your-saww family?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are (destined) to good, but they-asws are my-saww weighty thing and my-saww family’.
فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهَا لِكِبَرِهِ وَ لِمَا بَلَّغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَأَقَامَهُ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ فَلَمَّا حُضِرَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَفْعَلَ أَنْ يُدْخِلَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ وَ لَا الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ
When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, Ali-asws was foremost with it due to his-asws greatness, and due to what Rasool-Allah-saww had delivered, nominating him-asws and holding his-asws hand (at Ghadeer). So, when Ali-asws was present, he-asws did not have the capacity and did not happen to do so that he-asws could include Muhammad son of Ali-asws, nor Al-Abbas-asws son of Ali-asws.
وَ لَا أَحَداً مِنْ وُلْدِهِ إِذاً لَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِينَا كَمَا أَنْزَلَ فِيكَ وَ أَمَرَ بِطَاعَتِنَا كَمَا أَمَرَ بِطَاعَتِكَ وَ بَلَّغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فِينَا كَمَا بَلَّغَ فِيكَ وَ أَذْهَبَ عَنَّا الرِّجْسَ كَمَا أَذْهَبَهُ عَنْكَ
Nor did anyone from his-asws children (have the capacity) to say to Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, ‘Allah-azwj has Revealed regarding us just as He-azwj has Revealed regarding you-asws, and Commanded with obedience to us just as He-azwj has Commanded with obeying you-asws, and Rasool-Allah-saww has delivered regarding us just as he-saww had delivered regarding you-asws, and the uncleanness has been kept away from us just as it has been kept away from you-asws’.
فَلَمَّا مَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع كَانَ الْحَسَنُ أَوْلَى بِهَا لِكِبَرِهِ فَلَمَّا حُضِرَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَفْعَلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ- أُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى بِبَعْضٍ فَيَجْعَلَهَا لِوُلْدِهِ إِذاً لَقَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ أَنْزَلَهُ اللَّهُ فِيَّ كَمَا أَنْزَلَ فِيكَ وَ فِي أَبِيكَ وَ أَمَرَ بِطَاعَتِي كَمَا أَمَرَ بِطَاعَتِكَ وَ طَاعَةِ أَبِيكَ وَ أَذْهَبَ الرِّجْسَ عَنِّي كَمَا أَذْهَبَ عَنْكَ وَ عَنْ أَبِيكَ
When Ali-asws passed away, it was Al-Hassan-asws being foremost with it due to his-asws greatness. When Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws was present, he-asws did not have the capacity nor did he-asws do so that he-asws should be saying: and the possessors of the relationships, some of them are closer than the others [8:75], and make to be for his-asws sons to be saying to Al-Husayn-asws, ‘Allah-azwj has Revealed regarding me just as He-azwj has Revealed regarding you-asws and regarding your-asws father-asws, and has Commanded with obedience for me just as He-azwj has Commanded with the obedience being for you-asws and obedience of your-asws father-asws, and has Kept away the uncleanness from me just as He-saww has Kept it away from you-asws and from your-asws father-asws’.
فَلَمَّا أَنْ صَارَتْ إِلَى الْحُسَيْنِ لَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَدَّعِيَ كَمَا يَدَّعِي هُوَ عَلَى أَبِيهِ وَ عَلَى أَخِيهِ فَلَمَّا أَنْ صَارَتْ إِلَى الْحُسَيْنِ جَرَى تَأْوِيلُ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى- أُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتابِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ صَارَتْ مِنْ بَعْدِ الْحُسَيْنِ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ثُمَّ مِنْ بَعْدِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ
When it came to Al-Husayn-asws, there did not remain anyone who had the capacity that he claims just as he-asws had claimed to his-asws father-asws, and to his-asws brother-asws. When it came to Al-Husayn-asws, the interpretation of Words of the Exalted: and the possessors of the relationships, some of them are closer than the others in the Book of Allah [8:75], flowed. Then it came from after Al-Husayn-asws, to Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, then from after Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws to Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع الرِّجْسُ هُوَ الشَّكُّ وَ اللَّهِ لَا نَشُكُّ فِي دِينِنَا أَبَداً.
Then Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘The uncleanness, it is the doubt. By Allah-azwj! We-asws do not doubt in our-asws religion, ever!’’[62]
13- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ ذَكَرَ نَحْوَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَ قَالَ فِيهِ زِيَادَةً فَنَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ الزَّكَاةُ فَلَمْ يُسَمِّ اللَّهُ مِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ دِرْهَماً دِرْهَماً حَتَّى كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ هُوَ الَّذِي فَسَّرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws about Words of Allah-azwj, and mentioned approximate to this hadeeth, and said in it in addition: ‘The Zakat was Revealed unto him-saww, but Allah-azwj did not Specify it to be one Dirham from every forty Dirham until it was Rasool-Allah-azwj, he-saww is the one-saww who interpreted that for them’.
وَ ذَكَرَ فِي آخِرِهِ فَلَمَّا أَنْ صَارَتْ إِلَى الْحُسَيْنِ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَدَّعِيَ عَلَيْهِ كَمَا كَانَ هُوَ يَدَّعِي عَلَى أَخِيهِ وَ عَلَى أَبِيهِ لَوْ أَرَادَا أَنْ يَصْرِفَا الْأَمْرَ عَنْهُ وَ لَمْ يَكُونَا لِيَفْعَلَا
And he-asws mentioned in its end: ‘When it came to Al-Husayn-asws, there did not happen to be anyone from his-asws family who had the capacity to be claiming upon it just as he-asws had claimed upon his-asws brother-asws, and upon his-asws father-asws. If they-asws both (Ali-asws and Al-Hassan-asws) had wanted to turn the command away from him (Al-Husayn-asws), they could not have done so.
ثُمَّ صَارَتْ حِينَ أُفْضِيَتْ إِلَى الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ فَجَرَى تَأْوِيلُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ- وَ أُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتابِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ صَارَتْ مِنْ بَعْدِ الْحُسَيْنِ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ثُمَّ صَارَتْ مِنْ بَعْدِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ص.
Then when it came to be, when it was conducted to Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, so the interpretation of this Verse: and the possessors of the relationships, some of them are closer than the others in the Book of Allah [8:75], flowed. Then from after Al-Husayn-asws it came to be to Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, then from after Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws it came to be to Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws’’.[63]
14- فض، كتاب الروضة يل، الفضائل لابن شاذان عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً أُنْزِلَتْ فِي مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ حِينَ جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ثُمَّ أَدَارَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْكِسَاءَ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
Kitab Al Roza (and) ‘Fazail’ of Ibn Shazan, from Abu Saeed Al Khudry,
‘From the Prophet-saww regarding Words of the Exalted: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33], he (the narrator) said, ‘It was Revealed regarding Muhammad-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household when Rasool-Allah-saww gathered Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws ,and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, then covered the cloak upon them-asws, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, so Keep the uncleanness away from them-asws Purify them with a Purification’.
وَ كَانَتْ أُمُ سَلَمَةَ قَائِمَةً بِالْبَابِ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ أَنَا مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ وَ أَنْتِ عَلَى خَيْرٍ.
And Umm Salama-ra was standing by the door. She-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And I-asws am from them-asws?’ He-saww said: ‘And you-ra are upon good’’.[64]
15- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم فُرَاتُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْكُوفِيُّ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجَةَ النَّبِيِّ ص لِأُسَلِّمَ عَلَيْهَا فَقُلْتُ أَ مَا رَأَيْتِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً قَالَتْ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Furaat Bin Ibrahim Al Kufi, transmitting from Shehr Bin Hawshab who said,
‘I came to Umm Salama-ra, wife of the Prophet-saww to greet unto her-ra. I said, ‘What is your-ra view of this Verse, O mother of the believers, But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]?’
أَنَا وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ عَلَى مَنَامَةٍ لَنَا تَحْتَ كِسَاءٍ خَيْبَرِيٍّ فَجَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع وَ مَعَهَا الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع فَقَالَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ عَمِّكِ قَالَتْ فِي الْبَيْتِ قَالَ فَاذْهَبِي فَادْعِيهِ
I-ra and Rasool-Allah-saww were upon a sleeping sheet for us beneath a Khyberi cloak. (Syeda) Fatima-asws came and with her-asws were Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. He-saww said: ‘Where is the son-asws of your-asws uncle-as?’ She-asws said: ‘In the house’. He-saww said: ‘Go and call him-asws’.
قَالَتْ فَدَعَتْهُ فَأَخَذَ الْكِسَاءَ مِنْ تَحْتِنَا فَعَطَفَهُ فَأَخَذَ جَمِيعَهُ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
She-ra said, ‘She-asws called him-asws. He-saww grabbed the cloak from beneath us and folded it, and took the entirety of it in his-saww hand. He-saww said: ‘They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, so Keep the uncleanness away from them-asws and Purify them-asws with a Purification’.
وَ أَنَا جَالِسَةٌ خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي فَأَنَا قَالَ إِنَّكِ عَلَى خَيْرٍ وَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي النَّبِيِّ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّلَاةُ وَ السَّلَامُ وَ التَّحِيَّةُ وَ الْإِكْرَامُ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ.
And I-ra was seated behind Rasool-Allah-saww. I-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! May my-ra father and my-ra mother (be sacrificed for) you-saww! (What about) me-ra?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are upon good’. And this Verse was Revealed regarding the Prophet-saww, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, upon them-asws be the Salawaat and the greetings, and the salutation, and the honours, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings’’.[65]
16- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَزَارِيُّ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ص يَأْتِي بَابَ عَلِيٍّ أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً حَيْثُ بَنَى بِفَاطِمَةَ فَيَقُولُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً أَنَا حَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حَارَبْتُمْ وَ سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمْتُمْ.
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al fazari, transmitting from Abu Saeed Al Khudri who said,
‘The Prophet-saww used to come to the door of Ali-asws for forty mornings when it was an abode for (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and he-saww was saying: ‘The greetings be unto you-asws all, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings, People-asws of the Household: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. I-saww am at war to the one who battles them-asws and am at peace to the one being at peace with them-asws’’.[66]
17- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ الثَّقَفِيُّ مُعَنْعَناً عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً فَأَنَا وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي مُطَهَّرُونَ مِنَ الْآفَاتِ وَ الذُّنُوبِ أَلَا وَ إِنَّ إِلَهِي اخْتَارَنِي فِي ثَلَاثَةٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي عَلَى جَمِيعِ أُمَّتِي أَنَا سَيِّدُ الثَّلَاثَةِ وَ سَيِّدُ وُلْدِ آدَمَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ لَا فَخْرَ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ismail Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed Al Saqafi, transmitting from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. So, I-saww and People-asws of my-saww Household are Purified from the afflictions and the sins. Indeed! And my-saww God-azwj has Chosen me-saww among three from People-asws of my-saww Household, over the entirety of my-saww community. I-saww am chief of the three, and chief of the children of Adam-as up to the Day of Qiyamah, and there is no pride’.
فَقَالَ أَهْلُ السُّدَّةِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ ضَمِنَّا أَنْ نُبَلِّغَ فَسَمِّ لَنَا هَذِهِ الثَّلَاثَةَ نَعْرِفْهُمْ
The people of correctness (exactness) said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww have given us the responsibility to deliver (your-saww Ahadeeth), so specify for us these three, we can recognise them’.
فَبَسَطَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَفَّهُ الْمُبَارَكَةَ الطَّيِّبَةَ ثُمَّ حَلَقَ بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اخْتَارَنِي وَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ حَمْزَةَ وَ جَعْفَراً كُنَّا رُقُوداً لَيْسَ مِنَّا إِلَّا مُسَجًّى بِثَوْبِهِ – عَلِيٌّ عَنْ يَمِينِي وَ جَعْفَرٌ عَنْ يَسَارِي وَ حَمْزَةُ عِنْدَ رِجْلِي
Rasool-Allah-saww spread out his-saww Blessed hand, the good, then circled his-saww hand, then said: ‘He-azwj Chose me-saww and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and Hamza-as, and Ja’far-as. We were asleep, there wasn’t anyone of us except he had covered with his cloth – Ali-asws being on my-saww right, and Ja’far-as being on my-saww left, and Hamza-as being by my-saww leg.
فَمَا نَبَّهَنِي عَنْ رَقْدَتِي غَيْرُ حَفِيفِ أَجْنِحَةِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ بَرْدُ ذِرَاعِي تَحْتَ خَدِّي فَانْتَبَهْتُ مِنْ رَقْدَتِي وَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فِي ثَلَاثَةِ أَمْلَاكٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ الثَّلَاثَةِ أَمْلَاكٍ أَخْبِرْنَا إِلَى أَيِّهِمْ أُرْسِلْتَ فَضَرَبَنِي بِرِجْلِهِ فَقَالَ إِلَى هَذَا وَ هُوَ سَيِّدُ وُلْدِ آدَمَ
Nothing woke me-saww from my-saww sleep apart from the ruffling of the wings of the Angels and movement of my-saww armour beneath my-saww cheek. So, I-saww woke up from my-saww sleep and Jibraeel-as was among three Angels. One of the three Angels said to him-as: ‘Inform us, to which of them are you-as Sent?’ He-as nudged me-saww with his-as leg and said: ‘To this one-saww, and he-saww is chief of the children of Adam-as’.
ثُمَّ قَالُوا مَنْ هَذَا يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ حَمْزَةُ سَيِّدُ الشُّهَدَاءِ وَ جَعْفَرٌ لَهُ جَنَاحَانِ خَضِيبَانِ يَطِيرُ بِهِمَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ وَ هَذَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ سَيِّدُ الْوَصِيِّينَ.
Then they said, ‘Who is this, O Jibraeel-as?’ He-as said: ‘Muhammad-saww Bin Abdullah-as, and Hamza-as chief of the martyrs, and Ja’far-as having two colourful wings for him-saww, he-as would fly with these two in the Paradise wherever he-as so desires to, and this Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, chief of the successors-as’’.[67]
18- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عُبَيْدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ أَبِي الْحَمْرَاءِ قَالَ: خَدَمْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص تِسْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ أَوْ عَشَرَةَ أَشْهُرٍ فَأَمَّا التِّسْعَةُ فَلَسْتُ أَشُكُّ فِيهَا وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَخْرُجُ مِنْ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ فَيَأْتِي بَابَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَيَأْخُذُ بِعِضَادَتَيِ الْبَابِ فَيَقُولُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ الصَّلَاةَ يَرْحَمُكُمُ اللَّهُ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ubeyd Bin Kaseer, transmitting from Abu Al Harma’a who said,
‘I served Rasool-Allah-saww for nine months or tent months. As for nine, I have no doubt in it, and Rasool-Allah-azwj used to go out from the emergence of the sun and come to the door of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Ali-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws. He-saww would grab the posts of the door and say: ‘The greetings be unto you-asws All, and Mercy of Allah-azwj, and His-azwj Blessings! The Salat! May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you-asws all!’’
قَالَ فَيَقُولُونَ وَ عَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَيَقُولُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
He (the narrator) said, ‘They-asws were saying: ‘And upon you-saww be the greetings, and Mercy of Allah-azwj, and His-azwj Blessings, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ Rasool-Allah-saww would say: ‘But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’’.[68]
19- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عُبَيْدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْجَدَلِيِّ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْتُ أَيْنَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ قَالَتْ نَزَلَتْ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ubeyd Bin Kaseer, transmitting from Abu Abdullah Al Jadaly who said,
‘I entered to see Ayesha. I said, ‘Where was this Verse Revealed: But rather, Allah Intends [33:33]?’ She said, ‘It was Revealed in the house of Umm Salama-ra.
قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ لَوْ سَأَلْتَ عَائِشَةَ لَحَدَّثَتْكَ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِي بَيْتِي قَالَتْ بَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذْ قَالَ لَوْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ يَذْهَبُ فَيَدْعُو لَنَا عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ ابْنَيْهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ مَا أَحَدٌ غَيْرِي
Umm Salama-ra said, ‘If you were to ask Ayesha, she would narrate to you that this Verse was Revealed in my-ra house, when Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘If only there was someone who would go and call Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and her-asws two sons-asws for us’. I-ra said, ‘There is no one apart from me-ra’.
قَالَتْ فَدَفَعْتُ فَجِئْتُ بِهِمْ جَمِيعاً فَجَلَسَ عَلِيٌّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ جَلَسَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ شِمَالِهِ وَ أَجْلَسَ فَاطِمَةَ خَلْفَهُ ثُمَّ تَجَلَّلَ بِثَوْبٍ خَيْبَرِيٍّ ثُمَّ قَالَ نَحْنُ جَمِيعاً إِلَيْكَ فَأَشَارَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ إِلَيْكَ لَا إِلَى النَّارِ ذَاتِي وَ عِتْرَتِي وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي مِنْ لَحْمِي وَ دَمِي
She-ra said, ‘I-ra donned my veil and came with them-asws all. Ali-asws sat down in front of him-saww, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws sat on his-saww right and left, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws sat behind him-saww. Then he-saww covered with a Khyberi cloth, then said: ‘We-asws are all gathering to You-azwj’ – Rasool-Allah-saww indicated three times: ‘To You-azwj, not to the Fire, myself-saww, and my-saww family, and People-asws of my-saww Household being from my-saww flesh and my-saww blood’.
قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَدْخِلْنِي مَعَهُمْ قَالَ يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ إِنَّكِ مِنْ صَالِحَاتِ أَزْوَاجِي فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
Umm Salama-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Can I-ra enter to be with them-asws?’ He-saww said: ‘O Umm Salama-ra! You-ra are from my-saww righteous wives’. So, this Verse was Revealed: ‘But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’’.[69]
20- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا بَنَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِفَاطِمَةَ ع اخْتَلَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى بَابِهَا أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً كُلَّ غَدَاةٍ يَدُقُّ الْبَابَ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ مَعْدِنَ الرِّسَالَةِ وَ مُخْتَلَفَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ الصَّلَاةَ رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ali Bin Muhammad recited to him transmitting,
‘From Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘When (Syeda) Fatima-asws came to live with Ali-asws, Rasool-Allah-saww was coming to her-asws door for forty mornings, every early morning, knocking the door, then he-saww would say: ‘The greetings be unto you-asws all, O People-asws of the Household of the Prophet-saww, and the Mine of the Message, and interchange of the Angels! The Salat, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you-asws all! But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَدُقُّ دَقّاً أَشَدَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ يَقُولُ أَنَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمْتُمْ وَ حَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حَارَبْتُمْ.
Then he-saww would knock with a knock severer than that, and he-saww would say: ‘I-saww am at peach to the one at peace with them-asws, and at war to the one at war with them-asws’’.[70]
21- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم الْحَسَنُ بْنُ حُبَاشِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الدِّهْقَانُ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ عَمْرَةَ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ قُلْتُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي هَذَا الَّذِي قَدْ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسُ فِي شَأْنِهِ مِنْ بَيْنِ حَامِدٍ وَ ذَامٍّ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Al-Hassan Bin Hubash Bin Yahya Al Dihqan, transmitting from Amrah,
‘From Umm Salama-ra, she said, ‘I said, ‘What are you-ra saying regarding this one (Ali-asws) whom the people have frequented regarding his-asws concern, from between a praiser and condemner?’
قَالَتْ وَ أَنْتِ مِمَّنْ يَحْمَدُهُ أَوْ يَذُمُّهُ قُلْتُ مِمَّنْ يَحْمَدُهُ قَالَتْ يَكُونُ كَذَلِكَ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ كَانَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ مَا غَيَّرَ وَ مَا بَدَّلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ
She-ra said, ‘And are you from the ones praising it or condemning him-asws?’ I said, ‘From the ones praising him-asws’. She-ra said, ‘Be like that, for by Allah-azwj, for it has been upon the truth, nor changed, nor replaced, until (you are) killed’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهَا عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً قَالَتْ نَزَلَتْ فِي بَيْتِي وَ فِي الْبَيْتِ سَبْعَةٌ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ مِيكَائِيلُ وَ مُحَمَّدٌ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع- جَبْرَئِيلُ يَحْمِلُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَ النَّبِيُّ يَحْمِلُ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّلَاةُ وَ السَّلَامُ.
And I asked her about this Verse, Words of the Exalted: ‘But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. She-ra said, ‘It was Revealed in my-ra house, and in the house there were seven – Jibraeel-as, and Mikaeel-as, and Muhammad-saww, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws – Jibraeel-as bearing upon the Prophet-saww and the Prophet-saww bearing upon Ali-asws, upon them-asws be the Salawaat and the greetings’’.[71]
22- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم الْحَسَنُ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ عَمْرَةَ الْهَمْدَانِيَّةِ قَالَتْ قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ أَنْتِ عَمْرَةُ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَتْ عَمْرَةُ أَ لَا تُخْبِرِينِي عَنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي أُصِيبَ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْكُمْ فَمُحِبٌّ وَ مُبْغِضٌ قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَتُحِبِّينَهُ قَالَتْ لَا أُحِبُّهُ وَ لَا أُبْغِضُهُ تُرِيدُ عَلِيّاً
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Al-Hassan transmitting from Amrah Al Hamdaniya who said,
‘Umm Salama-ra said, ‘Are you Amrah?’ She said, ‘Yes’. Amrah said, ‘Can you-ra inform me about this man (Ali-asws) who has been killed in your midst, so there are one who love him-asws and one who hate him-asws?’ She-asws said, ‘Do you love him-asws?’ She said, ‘I neither love him-asws nor hate him-asws’ – meaning Ali-asws.
قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً وَ مَا فِي الْبَيْتِ إِلَّا جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ مِيكَائِيلُ وَ مُحَمَّدٌ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع وَ أَنَا
Umm Salama-ra said, ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33], and there was no one in the house except Jibraeel-as, and Mikaeel-as, and Muhammad-saww, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and I-asws.
فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ مِنْ صَالِحِ نِسَائِي يَا عَمْرَةُ فَلَوْ كَانَ قَالَ نَعَمْ كَانَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا تَطْلُعُ عَلَيْهِ الشَّمْسُ.
I-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Am I-ra from People-asws of the Household?’ (You-ra are) from my-saww righteous wives’. O Amrah! If he-saww had said: ‘Yes’, it would have been more beloved to me-ra than whatever the sun emerges upon’’.[72]
23- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَخْلَدٍ الْجُعْفِيُّ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ فِي بَيْتِي نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص جَلَّلَهُمْ فِي مَسْجِدِهِ بِكِسَاءٍ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَهُ فَنَصَبَهَا عَلَى الْكِسَاءِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Makhlad Al Jufy, transmitting,
‘From Umm Salama-ra having said, ‘This Verse was Revealed in my-ra house: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33], and that is when Rasool-Allah-saww covered them is his-saww praying place with a cloak, then he-saww raised his-saww hands placed it upon the cloak and he-saww said:
اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ كَمَا أَذْهَبْتَ عَنْ آلِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ مِنَ الرِّجْسِ كَمَا طَهَّرْتَ آلَ لُوطٍ وَ آلَ عِمْرَانَ وَ آلَ هَارُونَ
‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, so Keep the uncleanness away from them just as You-azwj Kept it away from the progeny of Ismail-as, and Is’haq-as, and Yaqoub-as, and Purified them from the uncleanness, just as You-azwj Purified the family of Lut-as, and family of Imran-as, and family of Haroun-as’.
I-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Can I-ra not enter to be with you-asws all?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are upon good, and you-ra are from wives of the Prophet-saww’.
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَا أَدْخُلُ مَعَكُمْ قَالَ إِنَّكِ عَلَى خَيْرٍ وَ إِنَّكِ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِ قَالَتْ بِنْتُهُ سَمِّيهِمْ يَا أُمَّهْ قَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع.
His (narrator’s) daughter said, ‘Name them-asws, O mother-ra!’ She-ra said, ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Ali-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws’’.[73]
24- يف، الطرائف رَوَى أَحْمَدُ فِي مُسْنَدِهِ وَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ بِإِسْنَادِهِمَا إِلَى شَدَّادِ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى وَاثِلَةَ بْنِ الْأَسْقَعِ وَ عِنْدَهُ قَوْمٌ فَذَكَرُوا عَلِيّاً فَشَتَمُوهُ فَشَتَمْتُهُ مَعَهُمْ فَلَمَّا قَالُوا قَالَ لِي لِمَ شَتَمْتَ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ قُلْتُ رَأَيْتُ الْقَوْمَ يَشْتُمُونَهُ فَشَتَمْتُهُ مَعَهُمْ
(The book) ‘Al Taraif’ – It is reported by Ahmad in his (book) ‘Musnad’, and Al Sa’alby in his Tafseer, by their chain to Shaddad Bin Ammar who said,
‘I entered to see Wasilah Bin Al-Asqa’a and in his presence was a group of people. They mentioned Ali-asws and reviled him-asws, so I reviled him-asws along with them. When they had said it, he said to me, ‘Why did you revile this man (Ali-asws)?’ I said, ‘I saw the people reviling him-asws, so I revile him-asws along with them’.
فَقَالَ أَ لَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِمَا رَأَيْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ أَتَيْتُ فَاطِمَةَ أَسْأَلُهَا عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَتْ تَوَجَّهَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَجَلَسْتُ أَنْتَظِرُ حَتَّى جَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَجَلَسَ وَ مَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع أَخَذَ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِيَدِهِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ
He said, ‘Shall I inform you with what I have seen from Rasool-Allah-saww?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘I had gone to (Syeda) Fatima-asws to ask about Ali-asws. She-asws said: ‘He-asws headed towards Rasool-Allah-saww’. So, I sat down waiting until Rasool-Allah-saww came. He-saww sat down and with him-saww were Ali-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, both of them-asws had held his-saww hand, until he-saww entered.
فَأَدْنَى عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ فَأَجْلَسَهُمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَأَجْلَسَ حَسَناً وَ حُسَيْناً كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَلَى فَخِذِهِ ثُمَّ لَفَّ عَلَيْهِمْ ثَوْبَهُ أَوْ قَالَ كِسَاءً ثُمَّ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي أَحَقُ.
He-saww drew Ali-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws closer and had them-asws seated in front of him-saww, and seated Hassan-asws and Husayn-asws, each one of them-asws upon his-saww thigh, then covered a cloth upon them’, or said, ‘A cloak, then recited this Verse: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. Then he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, most truly!’’[74]
25- يف، الطرائف وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي الْمَعْنَى مَا يَدُلُ عَلَى أَنَّ وَاثِلَةَ بْنَ الْأَسْقَعِ رَأَى ذَلِكَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ص دَفَعَاتٍ فَمِنْ رِوَايَةِ وَاثِلَةَ بْنِ الْأَسْقَعِ فِي دَفْعَةٍ أُخْرَى مِنْ مُسْنَدِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى وَاثِلَةَ بْنِ الْأَسْقَعِ قَالَ: طَلَبْتُ عَلِيّاً ع فِي مَنْزِلِهِ فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ذَهَبَ يَأْتِي بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَجَاءَا جَمِيعاً فَدَخَلَا وَ دَخَلْتُ مَعَهُمَا فَأَجْلَسَ عَلِيّاً عَنْ يَسَارِهِ وَ فَاطِمَةَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ الْتَفَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِثَوْبِهِ وَ قَالَ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
(The book) ‘Al Taraif’ – And from that regarding the meaning is what evidence upon that Wasilah Bin Al Asqa’a saw that from the Prophet-saww several times. So, from the report of Wasilah Bin Al Asqa’a during another time from (the book) ‘Musnad’ Bin Hanbal, by his chain to Wasilah Bin Al Asqa’a who said,
‘I sought Ali-asws in his-asws house, but (Syeda) Fatima-asws said: ‘He-asws has gone to come with Rasool-Allah-saww’. They-asws both came and entered, and I entered along with them-asws. He-saww sat Ali-asws on his-saww left, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws on his-saww right, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws in front of him-saww, then he-saww cast his-saww cloth upon them-asws and said: ‘But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’’.[75]
وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي الْمَعْنَى دَفْعَةً أُخْرَى عَنْ وَاثِلَةَ مِمَّا رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ فِي مُسْنَدِهِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى شَدَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ وَاثِلَةَ بْنِ الْأَسْقَعِ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُنِي ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ وَ قَدْ جِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَجَاءَ الْحَسَنُ فَأَجْلَسَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ الْيُمْنَى وَ قَبَّلَهُ وَ جَاءَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَأَجْلَسَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ الْيُسْرَى وَ قَبَّلَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ فَأَجْلَسَهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ دَعَا عَلِيّاً فَجَاءَ
And from that in the meaning is another time from Wasilah, from what is reported by Ahmad Bin Hanbal, by his chain to Shaddad Bin Abdullah, from Wasilah Bin Al Asqa’a who said,
‘You would have seen me one day and I had come to Rasool-Allah-saww and he-saww was in the house of Umm Salama-ra. Al-Hassan-asws came and he-saww had him-asws seated on his-saww right thigh and kissed him-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws came and he-saww had him-asws seated on his-saww left thigh and kissed him-asws. Then (Syeda) Fatima-asws came and he-saww had her-asws seated in front of him-saww, then he-saww called Ali-asws, so he-asws came.
ثُمَّ أَغْدَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ كِسَاءً خَيْبَرَيّاً كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
Then he-saww covered upon them-asws a Khyberi cloak. It is as if I am looking at him-saww. He-saww said: ‘But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’’.[76]
26- يف، الطرائف وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا رَوَتْهُ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فِي تَعْيِينِ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ أَنَّهُ ص ذَكَرَ أَسْمَاءَهُمْ وَ حَقَّقَهُمْ لِأُمَّتِهِ فِي عِدَّةِ مَجَالِسَ وَ عِدَّةِ أَوْقَاتٍ فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ مِنْ مُسْنَدِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى عَطِيَّةَ الطُّفَاوِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ حَدَّثَتْهُ قَالَتْ بَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي بَيْتِي يَوْماً إِذْ قَالَ الْخَادِمُ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ فِي السُّدَّةِ قَالَتْ فَقَالَ لِي قُومِي فَتَنَحَّيْ لِي عَنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي
(The book) ‘Al Taraif’ – And from that is what is reported by Umm Salama-ra in assigning People-asws of the Household of the Prophet-saww, and he-saww had mentioned their-asws names, and clarified them-asws to his-saww community in a number of gatherings, and a number of times. From that is from the (book) ‘Musnad’ of Ahmad Bin Hanbal, by his chain to Atiyah Al Tufawy, from his father,
‘From Umm Salama-ra having narrated it, said, ‘While Rasool-Allah-saww was in my-ra house one day when the servant said, ‘Ali-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws are at the door’. She-ra said, ‘He-saww said to me-ra: ‘Stand up and leave me-saww along with People-asws of my-saww Household’.
قَالَتْ فَقُمْتُ فَتَنَحَّيْتُ فِي الْبَيْتِ قَرِيباً فَدَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ هُمَا صَبِيَّانِ صَغِيرَانِ
She-ra said, ‘I-ra stood up and stepped aside nearby in the house. Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws entered, and they-asws were both young children’.
قَالَتْ فَأَخَذَ الصَّبِيَّيْنِ فَوَضَعَهُمَا فِي حَجْرِهِ فَقَبَّلَهُمَا وَ اعْتَنَقَ عَلِيّاً بِإِحْدَى يَدَيْهِ وَ فَاطِمَةَ بِالْيَدِ الْأُخْرَى وَ قَبَّلَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ أَغْدَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَمِيصَةً سَوْدَاءَ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِلَيْكَ لَا إِلَى النَّارِ أَنَا وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي قَالَتْ قُلْتُ وَ أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَنْتِ عَلَى خَيْرٍ.
She-ra said: ‘He-saww took the two boys-asws and placed them-asws in his-saww laps, and he-asws hugged Ali-asws with one of his-saww hands, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws with the other hand, and he-saww kissed (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and he-saww covered upon them-asws with a black shirt, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! To You-azwj, not to the Fire, I-saww and People-asws of my-saww Household’. I-ra said, ‘And I-ra, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are upon good’’.[77]
27- يف، الطرائف وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي الْمَعْنَى مِنْ مُسْنَدِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ دَفْعَةً أُخْرَى عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رِيَاحٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ تَذْكُرُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص كَانَ فِي بَيْتِهَا فَأَتَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بِبُرْمَةٍ فِيهَا حَرِيرَةٌ فَدَخَلَتْ بِهَا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ ادْعِي لِي زَوْجَكِ وَ ابْنَيْكِ
(The book) ‘Taraif’ – And from that regarding the meaning is from (the book) ‘Musnad’ of Ibn Hanbal, from Umm Salama-ra, another time, from Ata’a Bin Abu Riyah who said, ‘It is narrated to me by the one who heard,
‘From Umm Salama-ra, she-ra mentioned that the Prophet-saww was in her-asws house, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws came with an earthenware pot wherein was heat. She-asws entered with it to him-saww. He-saww said: ‘Call your-asws husband for me-saww and your-asws two sons-asws’.
قَالَتْ فَجَاءَ عَلِيٌّ وَ حَسَنٌ وَ حُسَيْنٌ فَدَخَلُوا وَ جَلَسُوا يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْحَرِيرَةِ وَ هُوَ وَ هُمْ عَلَى مَنَامَةٍ لَهُ وَ لِي وَ كَانَ تَحْتَهُ كِسَاءٌ خَيْبَرِيٌّ قَالَتْ وَ أَنَا فِي الْحُجْرَةِ أُصَلِّي
She-ra said, ‘Ali-asws and Hassan-asws and Husayn-asws came and they-asws entered and sat down eating from that pot, and he-saww and them were upon a sleeping sheet of his-saww and mine-ra, and beneath it was a Khyberi cloak, and I-ra was praying Salat in the room.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً قَالَتْ فَأَخَذَ فَضْلَ الْكِسَاءِ وَ كَسَاهُمْ بِهِ ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَ يَدَهُ فَأَلْوَى بِهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي وَ حَامَّتِي اللَّهُمَّ فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed this Verse: ‘But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. So, he-saww took a side of the cloak and cloaked them-asws with it, then he-saww brought out his-saww hand and gestured with it to the sky and said: ‘They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, and my-saww special ones. O Allah-azwj! Keep away from them-asws the uncleanness and Purify then with a Purification!’
قَالَتْ فَأَدْخَلْتُ رَأْسِيَ الْبَيْتَ وَ قُلْتُ وَ أَنَا مَعَكُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ إِنَّكِ لَعَلَى خَيْرٍ إِنَّكِ لَعَلَى خَيْرٍ.
She-ra said, ‘I-ra entered my-ra head into the room and said, ‘And am I-ra with you-asws all, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are upon good! You-ra are upon good’’.[78]
28- وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مِنْ مُسْنَدِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ فِي الْمَعْنَى قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ ص دَفْعَةً أُخْرَى بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لِفَاطِمَةَ ايتِينِي بِزَوْجِكِ وَ ابْنَيْكِ فَجَاءَتْ بِهِمْ فَأَلْقَى عَلَيْهِمْ كِسَاءً فَدَكِيّاً ثُمَّ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ فَاجْعَلْ صَلَوَاتِكَ وَ بَرَكَاتِكَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ
And from that is from (the book) ‘Musnad’ of Ahmad Bin Hanbal in the meaning of the words of the Prophet-saww another time, by his chain to Shahr Bin Howshab,
‘From Umm Salama-ra, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to (Syeda) Fatima-asws: ‘Come to me-saww with your-asws husband-asws and your-asws two sons-asws’. She-asws came with them-asws. He-saww cast upon them-asws a cloak of Fadak, then placed his-saww hand upon them-asws and said: ‘They-asws are Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, so Make Your-azwj Salawaat, and Your-azwj Blessings to be upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, You-azwj are Praised, Glorified’.
قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَرَفَعْتُ الْكِسَاءَ لِأَدْخُلَ مَعَهُمْ فَجَذَبَهُ مِنْ يَدِي وَ قَالَ إِنَّكِ لَعَلَى خَيْرٍ.
Umm Salama-ra said, ‘I-ra raise the cloak to enter to be with them-asws, but he-saww pulled it from my-ra hand and said: ‘You-saww are upon good’’.[79]
29- يف، الطرائف وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ دَفْعَةً أُخْرَى مِنْ مُسْنَدِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى سَهْلٍ قَالَ: قالت [سَمِعْتُ] أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجَةَ النَّبِيِّ ص حِينَ جَاءَ نَعْيُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ لَعَنَتْ أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ وَ قَالَتْ قَتَلُوهُ قَتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ غَرُّوهُ وَ أَذَلُّوهُ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ جَاءَتْهُ فَاطِمَةُ غَدَاةً بِبُرْمَةٍ قَدْ صَنَعَتْ فِيهَا عَصِيدَةً تَحْمِلُهَا فِي طَبَقٍ حَتَّى وَضَعَتْهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Al Taraif’ – And from that are his words another time from (the book) ‘Musnad’ of Ahmad Bin Hanbal, by his chain to Sahl who said, ‘
‘She (the narrator) said, ‘I heard Umm Salama-ra, wife of the Prophet-saww, when the news of death of Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws came, she-ra cursed the people of Iraq and said, ‘They killed him-asws, may Allah-azwj Kill them! They deceived him-asws and humiliated him-asws, may Allah-azwj Curse them! I-ra have seen Rasool-Allah-saww and (Syeda) Fatima-asws had come to him-saww in the morning with a pot in which she-asws had cooked some porridge, carrying it in a tray until she-asws placed it in front of him-saww.
فَقَالَ لَهَا أَيْنَ ابْنُ عَمِّكِ قَالَتْ هُوَ فِي الْبَيْتِ قَالَ اذْهَبِي فَادْعِيهِ فَأْتِينِي بِابْنَيْهِ قَالَتْ وَ جَاءَتْ تَقُودُ ابْنَيْهَا كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِيَدٍ وَ عَلِيٌّ يَمْشِي فِي أَثَرِهَا حَتَّى دَخَلُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَجْلَسَهُمَا فِي حَجْرِهِ وَ جَلَسَ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ جَلَسَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ
He-saww said to her-asws: ‘Where is the son-asws of your-asws uncle-as?’ She-ra said: ‘In the house’. He-saww said: ‘Go and come with (him-asws and) his-asws two sons-asws’. And she-asws came leading her-asws two sons-asws, each one of them-asws in her-asws hand and Ali-asws was walking in her-asws footsteps, until they-asws entered unto Rasool-Allah-saww. He-saww made them-asws both to be seated in his-saww lap, and seated Ali-asws on his-saww right and seated Fatima-asws on his-saww left.
قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَاجْتَذَبَ مِنْ تَحْتِي كِسَاءً خَيْبَرِيّاً كَانَ بِسَاطاً لَنَا عَلَى الْمَثَابَةِ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَفَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَخَذَ بِطَرَفَيِ الْكِسَاءِ وَ أَلْوَى بِيَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى إِلَى رَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي أَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
Umm Salama-ra said, ‘He-saww pulled from under me-ra, a Khyberi cloak which had been spread out for us upon the bed-sheet in Al-Medina, so Rasool-Allah-saww wrapped it and took an end of the cloak and gestured by his-saww right hand to his-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household! Keep away from them the uncleanness and Purify them with a Purification!’
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ لَسْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَتْ [قُلْتُ] فَأَدْخَلَنِي فِي الْكِسَاءِ بَعْدَ مَا قَضَى دُعَاءَهُ لِابْنِ عَمِّهِ- عَلِيٍّ وَ ابْنَتِهِ فَاطِمَةَ وَ ابْنَيْهَا ع.
I-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Am I-ra not from your-saww family?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’. I-ra said, ‘Then include me-ra in the cloak’, after he-saww had fulfilled his-saww supplication for the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as – Ali-asws, and his-saww daughter-asws Fatima-asws and their-asws two sons-asws’’.[80]
30- يف، الطرائف وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي الْمَعْنَى فِي تَفْسِيرِ الثَّعْلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي خَمْسَةٍ فِيَّ وَ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَ فِي حَسَنٍ وَ حُسَيْنٍ وَ فَاطِمَةَ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
(The book) ‘Al Taraif’ – And from that in the meaning, in Tafseer lf Al Sa’alby, from Abu Saeed Al Khudry,
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘This Verse was Revealed regarding five persons – regarding me-saww, and regarding Ali-asws, and regarding Hassan-asws and Husayn-asws and Fatima-asws: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’’.[81]
وَ رَوَاهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْوَاحِدِيُّ فِي الْجُزْءِ الرَّابِعِ مِنَ التَّفْسِيرِ الْوَسِيطِ بَيْنَ الْمَقْبُوضِ وَ الْبَسِيطِ وَ هُوَ مُعْتَبَرٌ عِنْدَهُمْ عِنْدَ تَفْسِيرِهِ لِآَيَةِ الطَّهَارَةِ وَ هُوَ مِنْ عُلَمَاءِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ لِأَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ ع وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي الْمَعْنَى أَيْضاً مِنْ تَفْسِيرِ الثَّعْلَبِيِّ فِي تَفْسِيرِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ أَيْضاً بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى مُجَمِّعِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ تَيْمِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ مَعَ أُمِّي عَلَى عَائِشَةَ فَسَأَلَتْهَا أُمِّي قَالَتْ أَ رَأَيْتِ خُرُوجَكِ يَوْمَ الْجَمَلِ قَالَتْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ قَدَراً مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى
And it is reported by Abu Al-Hassan Ali Bin Ahmad Al Wahidy in the fourth volume from the Tafseer ‘Al Waseet Bayn Al Maqbuz Wa Al Baseet’, and it is considered reliable in their view (General Muslims), of his interpretation of the Verse of Purification, and he is from the scholars of the adversaries of People-asws of the Household, and from that in the meaning as well, from Tafseer Al Sa’alby, in the interpretation of this Verse as well, by his chain to Mujammie Bin Al Haris Bin Taymullah who said,
‘I entered to see Ayesha along with my mother, and my mother asked her. She said, ‘What is your view of your going out on the day of the camel?’ She said, ‘It had been Pre-determined from Allah-azwj the Exalted’.
فَسَأَلَتْهَا عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَتْ سَأَلْتِنِي عَنْ أَحَبِّ النَّاسِ كَانَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ حَسَناً وَ حُسَيْناً ع وَ قَدْ جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يُغْدِفُ عَلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي وَ حَامَّتِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
She asked her about Ali-asws’. She said, ‘You have asked me about one who was the most beloved of the people to Rasool-Allah-saww. I had seen Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Hassan-asws and Husayn-asws, and Rasool-Allah-saww had gathered a cloak upon them, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are the People-asws of my-saww Household, and my-saww special ones, so Keep away the uncleanness from them-asws and Purify them with a Purification’’.[82]
أَقُولُ رَوَاهُ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ مِنْ تَفْسِيرِ الثُّمَالِيِّ وَ زَادَ فِي آخِرِهِ قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِكَ قَالَ تَنَحَّيْ فَإِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by Tabarsi from Tafseer of Al-Sumali, and there is an addition in its end – She said, ‘I-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Am I-ra from your-saww family?’ He-saww said: ‘Move aside, for you-ra are (destined) to good’’.[83]
ثُمَّ قَالَ السَّيِّدُ وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي الْمَعْنَى فِي تَفْسِيرِ الثَّعْلَبِيِّ فِي تَأْوِيلِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ الطَّيَّارِ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى الرَّحْمَةِ هَابِطَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ قَالَ مَنْ يَدْعُو مَرَّتَيْنِ قَالَتْ زَيْنَبُ أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ ادْعِي لِي عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ
Then the Seyyid said, ‘And from that regarding the meaning in Tafseer Al Sa’alby, in interpretation of this Verse, by his chain to,
‘Ja’far-as Bin Abu Talib-asws Al-Tayyar said, ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww looked at the Mercy to have descended from the sky, said: ‘Who will call?’ – twice. Zaynab-ra (wife of Rasool-Allah-saww) said: ‘I-ra will, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ He-saww said: ‘Call Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws for me-saww’.
قَالَ فَجَعَلَ حَسَناً عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ حُسَيْناً عَنْ شِمَالِهِ وَ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ تُجَاهَهُ ثُمَّ غَشِيَهُمْ كِسَاءً خَيْبَرِيّاً ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ أَهْلًا وَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي
He-as said, ‘He-saww made Hassan-asws to be on his-saww right, and Husayn-asws to be on his-saww left, and Ali-asws and Fatima-asws facing him-saww. Then he-saww covered them-asws with a Khyberi cloak, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! For every Prophet-saww there is a family, and they-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً فَقَالَتْ زَيْنَبُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ لَا أَدْخُلُ مَعَكُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَكَانَكِ فَإِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
So, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. Zainab-ra said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Shall I-ra enter to be with you-asws all?’ Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Stay in your place, for you-ra are (destined) to good, if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.[84]
وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي الْمَعْنَى فِي تَفْسِيرِ الثَّعْلَبِيِ أَيْضاً فِي تَأْوِيلِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى أَبِي دَاوُدَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَمْرَاءِ قَالَ: أَقَمْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ تِسْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ كَيَوْمٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَجِيءُ كُلَّ غَدَاةٍ فَيَقُومُ عَلَى بَابِ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ ع فَيَقُولُ الصَّلَاةَ يَرْحَمُكُمُ اللَّهُ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
And from that regarding the meaning, in Tafseer Al Sa’alby as well, in interpretation of this Verse, by his chain to Dawood, from Abu Al Hamra’a who said,
‘I stayed at Al-Medina for nine months like one day (continuously), and Rasool-Allah-saww used to come every early morning and stand at the door of Ali-asws and Fatima-asws, and he-saww would say: ‘The Salat! May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you-asws all! But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’’.[85]
وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي الْمَعْنَى مِنْ صَحِيحِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ وَ هُوَ مِنْ كِتَابِ السُّنَنِ وَ مُوَطَّإِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ يَمُرُّ بِبَابِ فَاطِمَةَ إِذَا خَرَجَ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ قَرِيباً مِنْ سِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ يَقُولُ الصَّلَاةَ يَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
And from that regarding the meaning from the correct is Abu Dawwd, and it is from the book ‘Al Sunan’, and (the book) ‘Muwatta’ of Malik, from Anas (well known fabricator),
‘Rasool-Allah-saww used to pass by the door of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, when he-saww went out to Salat Al Fajr, when this Verse was Revealed, nearly for six months, saying: ‘The Salat! O People-asws of the Household! But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’’.[86]
34- وَ رَوَى السَّيِّدُ أَيْضاً فِي كِتَابِ سَعْدِ السُّعُودِ مِنْ تَفْسِيرِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ صَاعِدٍ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ التَّمَّارِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي لَيْلٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ فِي بَيْتِهَا عَلَى مَنَامَةٍ لَهَا عَلَيْهِ كِسَاءٌ خَيْبَرِيٌّ فَجَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بِبُرْمَةٍ فِيهَا حَرِيرَةٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ادْعِي لِي زَوْجَكِ وَ ابْنَيْهِ حَسَناً وَ حُسَيْناً
And it is reported by the Seyyid as well in the book ‘Sa’ad Al Saoud’, from Tafseer of Muhammad Bin Al Abbas Bin Marwan, from Muhammad Bin Al Abbas Bin Musa, from Yahya Bin Muhammad Bin Sa’id, from Ammar Bin Khalid Al Tammar, from Is’haq Bin Yusuf, from Abdul Malik Bin Abu Suleyman, from Abu Layli Al Kindy,
‘From Umm Salama-ra wife-ra of the Prophet-saww that Rasool-Allah-saww was in her-ra house upon a sleeping sheet of hers, there being a Khyberi cloak upon it. Fatima-asws came with an earthenware pot wherein was some porridge. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Call your-asws husband for me-saww, and his-asws two sons-asws Hassan-asws and Husayn-asws’.
فَدَعَتْهُمْ فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ يَأْكُلُونَ إِذْ نَزَلَتْ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً
She-asws called them-asws. While they-asws were eating when this Verse was Revealed unto the Prophet-saww: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33].
قَالَتْ فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِفَضْلِ الْكِسَاءِ فَغَشِيَهُمْ إِيَّاهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي وَ خَاصَّتِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً قَالَهَا النَّبِيُّ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ
She-ra said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww grabbed the extra of the cloak and covered them-asws by it, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, and my-saww special ones, so Keep away from them-asws the uncleanness and Purify them with a Purification’. The Prophet-saww said it three times.
فَأَدْخَلْتُ رَأْسِي فِي الْكِسَاءِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ أَنَا مَعَكُمْ فَقَالَ إِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ.
I-ra inserted my-ra head inside the cloak and said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And I-asws am with you-asws all?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are (destined) to good’’.[87]
فَمِنْهَا مَا رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي صَحِيحِهِ وَ ابْنُ الْأَثِيرِ فِي جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ فِي حَرْفِ الْفَاءِ وَ صَاحِبُ الْمِشْكَاةِ فِي الْفَصْلِ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْ بَابِ فَضَائِلِ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ ع عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ص غَدَاةً وَ عَلَيْهِ مِرْطٌ مُرَحَّلٌ أَسْوَدُ فَجَاءَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ فَأَدْخَلَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَأَدْخَلَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ فَأَدْخَلَهَا ثُمَّ جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ فَأَدْخَلَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
From these is what is reported by Muslim in his (book) ‘Saheeh’, and Ibn Al Aseer in (the boo) ‘Jamie Al Usool’, in the letter Fa, and author of (the book) ‘Al Mishkat’ in the first chapter from the chapters of the merits of People-asws of the Household, from Ayesha (well known fabricatress) having said,
‘The Prophet-saww went out early morning and upon him-saww was a quilted black cloak. Al-Hassan Bin Ali-asws came and he-saww included him-asws inside it. Then Al-Husayn-asws came and he-saww included him-asws inside it. Then (Syeda) Fatima-asws came, and he-asws included her-asws inside it. Then Ali-asws came, and he-asws included him-asws inside it, then said: ‘But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’’.[88]
وَ مِنْهَا مَا رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ فِي صَحِيحِهِ وَ رَوَاهُ فِي جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ فِي الْمَوْضِعِ الْمَذْكُورِ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِي بَيْتِهَا- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً قَالَتْ وَ أَنَا جَالِسَةٌ عِنْدَ الْبَابِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ لَسْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ إِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ أَنْتِ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
And from it what is reported by Al Tirmizi in his (book) ‘Saheeh’, and it is reported in (the book) ‘Jamie Al Usool, in the mentioned place,
‘From Umm Salama-ra said this Verse was Revealed in her-ra house: ‘But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. She-ra said: ‘I-ra was seated at the door. I-ra said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Am I-ra not from People-asws of the Household?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are (destined) to good. You-ra are from wives of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
قَالَتْ وَ فِي الْبَيْتِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَجَلَّلَهُمْ بِكِسَاءٍ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
She-ra said, ‘And in the house were Rasool-Allah-saww, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws. He-saww covered them-asws with a cloak and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, so Keep the uncleanness away from them and Purify them-asws with a Purification’’.[89]
قَالَ صَاحِبُ جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص جَلَّلَ عَلَى حَسَنٍ وَ حُسَيْنٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي وَ حَامَّتِي أَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
The author of (the book) ‘Jamie Al Usool’ said, ‘And in another report,
‘The Prophet-saww covered upon Hassan-asws, and Husayn-asws, and Ali-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, then said: ‘They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, and my-saww special ones. Keep the uncleanness away from them-asws and Purify them with a Purification’.
فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ وَ أَنَا مِنْهُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ إِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ.
Umm Salama-ra said, ‘And am I-ra from them-asws, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are (destined) to good’’.[90]
قَالَ أَخْرَجَهُ التِّرْمِذِيُ وَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْبِرِّ فِي الْإِسْتِيعَابِ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَاطِمَةَ وَ عَلِيّاً وَ حَسَناً وَ حُسَيْناً فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
He said, ‘Al Tirmizi extracted it and Ibn Abdul Birr said in (the book) ‘Al Istiyab’,
‘When it was Revealed: ‘But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33], Rasool-Allah-saww called (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Ali-asws, and Hassan-asws, and Husayn-asws in the house of Umm Salama-ra and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, so Keep the uncleanness away from them and Purify them-asws with a Purification’’.[91]
وَ مِنْهَا مَا رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَ صَاحِبُ جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَدَعَا النَّبِيُّ فَاطِمَةَ وَ حَسَناً وَ حُسَيْناً فَجَلَّلَهُمْ بِكِسَاءٍ وَ عَلِيٌّ خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي أَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
And from these is what is reported by Al Tirmizi and author of (the book) ‘Jamie Al Usool’ – from Amro,
‘Son of Umm Salama-ra said, ‘This Verse was Revealed unto the Prophet-saww: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33], in the house of Umm Salama-ra. The Prophet-saww called Fatima-asws, and Hassan-asws, and Husayn-asws, and covered them with a cloak, and Ali-asws was behind his-asws back, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household. Keep the uncleanness away from them and Purify them-asws with a Purification’.
قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ وَ أَنَا مِنْهُمْ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَنْتِ عَلَى مَكَانِكِ وَ أَنْتِ عَلَى خَيْرٍ.
Umm Salama-ra said, ‘And am I-ra from them-asws, O Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are upon your-ra place, and you-ra are upon good’’.[92]
وَ مِنْهَا مَا رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَ صَاحِبُ جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ يَمُرُّ بِبَابِ فَاطِمَةَ إِذَا خَرَجَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ حِينَ نَزَلَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ قَرِيباً مِنْ سِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ يَقُولُ الصَّلَاةَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
And from these is what is reported by Al Tirmizi and author of (the book) ‘Jamie Al Usool’, from Anas (well known fabricator),
‘Rasool-Allah-saww used to pass by the door of Fatima-asws, when he-saww went out to the Salat, when this Verse was Revealed, nearly for six months, saying: ‘The Salat! People-asws of the Household! But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]’’.[93]
وَ مِنْهَا مَا رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي صَحِيحِهِ وَ صَاحِبُ الْمِشْكَاةِ فِي الْفَصْلِ الْأَوَّلِ مِنَ الْبَابِ الْمَذْكُورِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- نَدْعُ أَبْناءَنا وَ أَبْناءَكُمْ وَ نِساءَنا وَ نِساءَكُمْ وَ أَنْفُسَنا وَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ حَسَناً وَ حُسَيْناً فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي.
And from these is what is reported by Muslim in his (book) ‘Saheeh’, and author of (the book) ‘Al Mishkat’ in the first detail from the mentioned chapter, from Sa’ad Bin Abu Waqas who said,
‘When this Verse was Revealed: ‘let us call our sons and your sons, and our women and your women, and ourselves and yourselves, [3:61], Rasool-Allah-saww called Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Hassan-asws, and Husayn-asws. He-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household’’.[94]
وَ قَدْ رَوَى هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةَ فِي جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلِي.
And this report has been reported in (the book) ‘Jamie Al-Usool’ except that he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are my-saww family-asws’’.[95]
وَ رَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ بِطْرِيقٍ عَنِ الْحَافِظِ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: نَزَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص الْوَحْيُ فَدَعَا عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ حَسَناً وَ حُسَيْناً فَقَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي.
And it is reported by Yahya Bin Al-Hassan Bin Batreeq, from Al Hafiz Abu Nueym, from Aamir Bin Sa’ad, from his father who said,
‘The Revelation descended unto Rasool-Allah-saww so he-saww called Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Hassan-asws and Husayn-asws. He-saww said: ‘They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household’’.[96]
قَالَ وَ رَوَى أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ أَنَّ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ حَدَّثَتْهُ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِي بَيْتِهَا- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً قَالَتْ وَ أَنَا جَالِسَةٌ عِنْدَ بَابِ الْبَيْتِ قَالَتْ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ لَسْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ
He said, ‘And it is reported by Abu Nueym by his chain from Abu Saeed,
‘Umm Salama-ra narrated to him that this Verse was Revealed in her-ra house: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. She-ra said: ‘And I-ra was seated at the door of the house. I-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Am I-ra not from People-asws of the Household?’
قَالَ أَنْتِ عَلَى خَيْرٍ أَنْتِ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَتْ وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فِي الْبَيْتِ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع.
He-saww said: ‘You-ra are upon good. You-ra are from wives of the Prophet-saww’. She-ra said: ‘And in the house were Rasool-Allah-saww, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws’’.[97]
وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ جَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع بِبُرْمَةٍ لَهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ صَنَعَتْ لها [لَهُ] حساة [حَسَاءً] حَمَلَتْهَا عَلَى طَبَقٍ فَوَضَعَتْهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَيْنَ ابْنُ عَمِّكِ وَ ابْنَاكِ قَالَتْ فِي الْبَيْتِ قَالَ اذْهَبِي فَادْعِيهِمْ فَجَاءَتْ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فَقَالَتْ أَجِبْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
And by his chain from Abu Hureyra (well known fabricator),
‘From Umm Salama-ra having said: ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws came with an earthenware pot of hers-asws to Rasool-Allah-saww, having cooked a porridge for him-saww. She-asws carried it upon a tray and placed it in front of him-saww. He-saww said: ‘Where is the son-asws of your-asws uncle-as and your-asws two sons-asws?’ She-asws said: ‘In the house’. He-saww said: ‘Go and call them-asws’. She-asws came to Ali-asws. She-asws said: ‘Answer Rasool-Allah-saww’.
قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَجَاءَ عَلِيٌّ يَمْشِي آخِذاً بِيَدِ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ فَاطِمَةُ تَمْشِي مَعَهُمْ فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ مُقْبِلِينَ مَدَّ يَدَهُ إِلَى كِسَاءٍ كَانَ عَلَى الْمَنَامَةِ فَبَسَطَهُ فَأَجْلَسَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَأَخَذَ أَطْرَافَ الْكِسَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةَ بِشِمَالِهِ فَضَمَّهُ فَوْقَ رُءُوسِهِمْ وَ أَهْوَى بِيَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى إِلَى رَبِّهِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً.
Umm Salama-ra said: ‘Ali-asws came walking holding a hand of Al-Hassan-asws and of Al-Husayn-asws, and Fatima-asws was walking with them-asws. When he-saww saw them-asws coming, he-saww extended his-saww hand to a cloak which was upon the sleeping sheet and spread it out. He-saww made them sit upon it and grabbed the four ends of the cloak with his-saww left hand and pressed it above their-asws heads and gestured by his-saww right hand to his-saww Lord-azwj. He-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, so Keep away the uncleanness from them and Purify them with a Purification’’.[98]
وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْجَدَلِيِّ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ فَسَأَلْتُهَا عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فَقَالَتْ ائْتِ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ فَأَخْبَرْتُهَا بِقَوْلِ عَائِشَةَ فَقَالَتْ صَدَقَتْ فِي بَيْتِي نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ مَنْ يَدْعُو لِي عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ ابْنَيْهِمَا الْحَدِيثَ.
And by his chain from Abu Abdullah Al Jadaly who said,
‘I entered to see Ayesha and asked her about this Verse. She said, ‘Go to Umm Salama-ra’. Then I came and informed her-as with the words of Ayesha. She-ra said: ‘She spoke the truth. This Verse was Revealed in my-ra house unto Rasool-Allah-saww. He-saww said: ‘Who will call Ali-asws and Fatima-asws and her-asws two sons-asws for me-saww?’ – The Hadeeth’’.[99]
وَ رَوَى مُوَفَّقُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْخُوارَزْمِيُّ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لِفَاطِمَةَ ائْتِينِي بِزَوْجِكِ وَ ابْنَيْكِ فَجَاءَتْ بِهِمْ فَأَلْقَى عَلَيْهِمْ كِسَاءً خَيْبَرِيّاً فَدَكِيّاً قَالَتْ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ مُحَمَّدٍ فَاجْعَلْ صَلَوَاتِكَ وَ بَرَكَاتِكَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ
And it is reported by Muwaffaq Bin Ahmad Al Khawarizmy, raising it to,
‘Umm Salama-ra said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to (Syeda) Fatima-asws: ‘Come to me-asws with your-asws husband-asws and your-asws two sons-asws’. She-asws came with them-asws. He-saww threw a Khyberi Fadaki cloak upon them-asws’. Then he-saww placed his-saww hand upon them-asws and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are the family-asws of Muhammad-saww, so Make Your-azwj Salawaat, and your Blessings to be upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, You-azwj are Praised, Glorious!’
قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَرَفَعْتُ الْكِسَاءَ لِأَدْخُلَ مَعَهُمْ فَجَذَبَهُ مِنْ يَدِي وَ قَالَ إِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ.
Umm Salama-ra said: ‘I-ra raised the cloak to enter to be with them-asws, but he-saww pulled it from my-ra hand and said: ‘You-ra are (destined) to good’’.[100]
وَ رَوَى مُسْلِمٌ فِي صَحِيحِهِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ حَيَّانَ وَ رَوَاهُ فِي جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ عَنْهُ قَالَ: انْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَ حُصَيْنُ بْنُ سَبْرَةَ وَ عُمَرُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ إِلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ فَلَمَّا جَلَسْنَا إِلَيْهِ قَالَ لَهُ حُصَيْنٌ لَقَدْ لَقِيتَ يَا زَيْدُ خَيْراً كَثِيراً رَأَيْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ سَمِعْتَ حَدِيثَهُ وَ غَزَوْتَ مَعَهُ وَ صَلَّيْتَ خَلْفَهُ لَقِيتَ يَا زَيْدُ خَيْراً كَثِيراً حَدِّثْنَا يَا زَيْدُ مَا سَمِعْتَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
And it is reported by Muslim in his (book) ‘Saheeh’, from Yazeed Bin Hayyan, and it is reported in (the book) ‘Jamie Al Usool, from his who said,
‘I and Husayn Bin Sabrah, ad Umar Bin Muslim went to Zayd Bin Arqam. When we were seated to him, Husayn said to him, ‘O Zayd! You have met a lot of good. You saw Rasool-Allah-saww, and heard his-saww Ahadeeth, and battled alongside him-saww, and prayed Salat behind him-saww. O Zayd! You met a lot of good. O Zayd! Narrate to us what you have heard from Rasool-Allah-saww’.
قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي لَقَدْ كَبِرَتْ سِنِّي وَ قَدِمَ عَهْدِي وَ نَسِيتُ بَعْضَ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَعِي مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَمَا حَدَّثْتُكُمْ فَاقْبَلُوا وَ مَا لَا أُحَدِّثُكُمْ فَلَا تُكَلِّفُونِيهِ
He said, ‘By Allah-azwj, O son of my brother! I have become aged and old and my term has arrived, and I have forgotten some of that which I had retained from Rasool-Allah-saww. So, whatever I narrated to you, accept it, and what I do not narrate to you, do not encumber me upon it’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فِينَا يَوْماً خَطِيباً بِمَاءٍ يُدْعَى خُمّاً بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ وَعَظَ وَ ذَكَرَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ أَلَا يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَنِي رَسُولُ رَبِّي فَأُجِيبَ
Then he said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww stood among us one day to address by a spring called Khumm, between Makkah and Al-Medina. He-saww praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, and preached, and reminded. Then he-saww said: ‘As for after, indeed, O you people! But rather, I-saww am a mortal. There is no doubt a messenger of my-saww Lord-azwj comes to me and I-saww have to answer.
وَ إِنِّي تَارِكٌ فِيكُمْ ثَقَلَيْنِ أَوَّلُهُمَا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ فِيهِ الْهُدَى وَ النُّورُ فَخُذُوا بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ اسْتَمْسِكُوا بِهِ فَحَثَّ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَرَغَّبَ فِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي أُذَكِّرُكُمُ اللَّهَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي أُذَكِّرُكُمُ اللَّهَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي
And I-saww am leaving behind you all two weighty things. The first of these is the Book of Allah-azwj wherein is the guidance and the Noor. So, take with the Book of Allah-azwj and adhere with it’. He-saww urged upon the Book of Allah-azwj and made (people) to be desirous in it. Then he-saww said: ‘And People-asws of my-saww Household. I-saww remind you of Allah-azwj regarding People-asws of my-saww Household! I-saww remind you of Allah-azwj regarding People-asws of my-saww Household!’’
فَقَالَ لَهُ حُصَيْنٌ وَ مَنْ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ يَا زَيْدُ أَ لَيْسَ نِسَاؤُهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ قَالَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ مَنْ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ الصَّدَقَةُ بَعْدَهُ قَالَ وَ مَنْ هُمْ قَالَ هُمْ آلُ عَلِيٍّ وَ آلُ عَقِيلٍ وَ آلُ جَعْفَرٍ وَ آلُ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ كُلُّ هَؤُلَاءِ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّدَقَةُ قَالَ نَعَمْ.
Husayn said to him, ‘And who are People-asws of his-saww Household, O Zayd? Aren’t his-saww wives from People-asws of the Household?’ He said, ‘People-asws of his-saww Household is one upon whom the charity is Prohibited after him-saww’. He said, ‘And who are they?’ He said, ‘Family of Ali-asws, and family of Aqeel, and family of Ja’far-as, and family of Abbas’. He said, ‘All of them, the charity is Prohibited upon them?’ He said, ‘Yes’’.[101]
قال صاحب جامع الأصول و زاد في رواية كتاب الله فيه الهدى و النور من استمسك به و أخذ به كان على الهدى و من أخطأه ضل.
Author of (the book) ‘Jamie Al-Usool’ said, ‘And there is an addition in a report: ‘Book of Allah-azwj, in it is the guidance, and the Noor. One who adheres with it and takes with it would be upon the guidance, and one who errs would stray’’.[102]
و في أخرى نحوه غير أنه قال ألا و إني تارك فيكم ثقلين أحدهما كتاب الله و هو حبل الله من اتبعه كان على الهدى و من تركه كان على الضلالة
And in another (report) approximate to it, apart from, he-saww said: ‘Indeed! And I-saww am leaving behind among you all two weight things. One of these is the Book of Allah-azwj, and it is a Rope of Allah-azwj. One who follows it would be upon the guidance, and one who leaves it would be upon the straying’.
و فيه فقلنا من أهل بيته نساؤه قال لا ايم الله إن المرأة تكون مع الرجل العصر من الدهر فيطلقها فترجع إلى أبيها و قومها أهل بيته أصله و عصبته الذين حرموا الصدقة بعده قال أخرجه مسلم.
And in it, ‘We said, ‘Who are People-asws of his-saww Household? His-saww wives?’ He said, ‘No, I swear by Allah-azwj! The woman would be with the man for a time from the life, and he could divorce her, so she would return to her father and her people. People of his-saww Household are his-saww origin and his-saww group, those the charity is Prohibited upon after him-saww’. He said, ‘Muslim has extracted it’’.[103]
وَ رَوَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ فِي صَحِيحِهِ وَ صَاحِبُ جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ قَالَ كَانَ أَحَبَّ النِّسَاءِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَاطِمَةُ وَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ عَلِيٌّ.
And it is reported by Zamakhsari in his (book) ‘Saheeh’, and author of (the book) ‘Jamie Al Usool’, from Bureyda who said,
‘The most beloved of the women to Rasool-Allah-saww was (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and from the men, Ali-asws’’.[104]
وَ رَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي صَحِيحِهِ فِي بَابِ مَرَضِ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَ إِنَّهُمْ مَيِّتُونَ وَ رَوَاهُ فِي الْمِشْكَاةِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ
And it is reported by Al-Bukhari in his (book) ‘Saheeh’ in the chapter of illness of the Prophet-saww and Words of the Exalted: You shall pass away and they would be dying [39:30], and it is reported in (the book) ‘Al-Mishkat’, from Ayesha (well-known fabricatress) who said,
كُنَّا أَزْوَاجَ النَّبِيِّ عِنْدَهُ فَأَقْبَلَتْ فَاطِمَةُ مَا تُخْطِئُ مِشْيَتُهَا مِنْ مِشْيَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ شَيْئاً فَلَمَّا رَآهَا رَحَّبَ بِهَا قَالَ مَرْحَباً يَا بِنْتِي ثُمَّ أَجْلَسَهَا عَنْ يَمِينِهِ ثُمَّ سَارَّهَا فَبَكَتْ بُكَاءً شَدِيداً فَلَمَّا رَأَى حُزْنَهَا سَارَّهَا الثَّانِيَةَ فَإِذَا هِيَ تَضْحَكُ
‘We, wives of the Prophet-saww were with him-saww and (Syeda) Fatima-asws came, not erring in her-asws walk from the walk of Rasool-Allah-azwj by anything. When he-saww saw her-asws he-saww was welcoming with her-asws. He-saww said: ‘O my-saww daughter-asws!’ Then he-saww seated her-asws on his-saww right. Then he-saww divulged a secret to her-asws. She-asws cried with intense crying. When he-saww saw her-asws grief, he-saww divulged a secret to her-asws secondly, and she-asws was laughing.
فَقُلْتُ لَهَا خَصَّكِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ مِنْ بَيْنِ نِسَائِهِ بِالسِّرَارِ ثُمَّ أَنْتِ تَبْكِينَ فَلَمَّا قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ سَأَلْتُهَا عَمَّا سَارَّكِ قَالَتْ مَا كُنْتُ لِأُفْشِيَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ سِرَّهُ
I said to her-asws, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww specialised you-asws from between his-saww wives with the secrets, then you-asws cried’. When Rasool-Allah-saww stood up, I asked her-asws, ‘What did he-saww divulge to you-asws?’ She-asws said: ‘I-asws will not disclose upon Rasool-Allah-saww, his-saww secret’.
قَالَتْ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ قُلْتُ عَزَمْتُ عَلَيْكِ بِمَا لِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ عَلَيْكِ لَمَّا أَخْبَرْتِنِي مَا قَالَ لَكِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ
She (Ayesha) said, ‘When he-saww passed away, I said, ‘I am resolving upon you-asws with what is the right for me upon you-asws, will you inform me what Rasool-Allah-saww had said to you-asws?’
قَالَتْ أَمَّا الْآنَ فَنَعَمْ أَمَّا حِينَ سَارَّنِي فِي الْمَرَّةِ الْأُولَى فَإِنَّهُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ كَانَ يُعَارِضُنِي الْقُرْآنَ كُلَّ سَنَةٍ مَرَّةً وَ أَنَّهُ عَارَضَنِي بِهِ الْآنَ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَ إِنِّي لَا أَرَى الْأَجَلَ إِلَّا قَدِ اقْتَرَبَ فَاتَّقِي اللَّهَ وَ اصْبِرِي فَإِنِّي نِعْمَ السَّلَفُ أَنَا لَكِ
She-asws said: ‘As for now, so yes. As for when he-saww divulged a secret to me-asws the first time, he-saww had informed me-asws: ‘Jibraeel-as had presented the Quran to me-saww once every year, and he-as presented me twice now, and I-saww do not see except the expiry has drawn near, so fear Allah-azwj and observe patience, for I-saww would be the best ancestor for you-asws’.
فَبَكَيْتُ بُكَائِيَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى جَزَعِي سَارَّنِي الثَّانِيَةَ فَقَالَ يَا فَاطِمَةُ أَ مَا تَرْضَيْنَ أَنْ تَكُونِي سَيِّدَةَ نِسَاءِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَوْ سَيِّدَةَ نِسَاءِ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ كَذَا فِي جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ التِّرْمِذِيِّ أَ مَا تَرْضَيْنَ أَنْ تَكُونِي سَيِّدَةَ نِسَاءِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ أَوْ نِسَاءِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
So I-asws cried with the crying which you saw. When he-saww saw my-asws grief, he-saww divulged a secret to me-asws the second time. He-saww said: ‘O Fatima-asws! Are you-asws not pleased that you-asws happen to be chieftess of women of the Momineen?’
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ فَسَارَّنِي فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّهُ يُقْبَضُ فِي وَجَعِهِ فَبَكَيْتُ ثُمَّ سَارَّنِي فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنِّي أَوَّلُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ أَتْبَعُهُ فَضَحِكْتُ.
And in a report: ‘He-saww divulged a secret to me and informed me-asws that he-saww would pass away in his-saww pain, so I-asws cried. Then he-saww divulged a secret to me-asws that I-asws would be the first one from People-asws of his-saww Household to follow him-saww (to the Hereafter), so I-asws laughed’’.[105]
قال وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ كَانَ فِي بَيْتِي فَاسْتَدْعَى عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ وَ جَلَّلَهُمْ بِعَبَاءٍ خَيْبَرِيَّةٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي فَأَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً
H said, ‘And it is reported from Umm Salama-ra, she-ra said: ‘The Prophet-saww was in my-ra house and he-saww called Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and covered them-asws with a Khyberi robe, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household, so Keep the uncleanness away from them-asws and Purify them-asws with a Purification’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَهُ- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلْ أَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ فَقَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ.
Allah-azwj Revealed His-azwj Words: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. Umm Salama-ra said: ‘I-ra said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Am I-ra from People-asws of your-saww Household?’ He-saww said: ‘No, but you-asws are (destined) to good’’.[106]
و قال الشيخ الجليل أبو علي الطبرسي في مجمع البيان قال أبو سعيد الخدري و أنس بن مالك و واثلة بن الأسقع و عائشة و أم سلمة أن الآية مختصة برسول الله و علي و فاطمة و الحسن و الحسين ع.
And the majestic sheykh Abu Ali Al Tabarsi said in (the book) ‘Majma Al Bayan’, ‘Abu Saeed Al Khudri said, and Anas Bin Malik (well known fabricator), and Wasilah Bin Al Asqa’a, and Ayesha,
And Umm Salama-ra that the Verse is particularly for Rasool-Allah-saww, and Ali-asws, and Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws’’.[107]
قال وَ ذَكَرَ أَبُو حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيُّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي خَمْسَةٍ فِيَّ وَ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَ حَسَنٍ وَ حُسَيْنٍ وَ فَاطِمَةَ.
He said, ‘And it is mentioned by Abu Hamza Al Sumali in his Tafseer, by his chain from Abu Saeed Al Khudri,
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘This Verse was Revealed regarding five – regarding me-saww, and regarding Ali-asws, and Hassan-asws and Husayn-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws’’.[108]
وَ أَخْبَرَنَا السَّيِّدُ أَبُو الْحَمْدِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْحَاكِمُ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْحَسْكَانِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ السَّبِيعِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عُرْوَةَ الْحَرَّانِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مُصْغِي عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ لَيْسَ فِي الْبَيْتِ إِلَّا فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ عَلِيٌّ ع- إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلِي.
And it is informed to us by the Seyyid Abu Al Hamd who said, ‘It is narrated to us by Al Kakim Abu Al Qasim Al Haskani, from Abu Bakr Al Sabie, from Abu Urwah Al Harrany, from Ibn Musgi, from Abdul Rahman Bin Waqid, from Ayoub Bin Sayyar, from Muhammad Bin Al Munkadir, from Jabir who said,
‘This Verse was Revealed unto the Prophet-saww and there wasn’t anyone in the house except (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and Ali-asws: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33]. The Prophet-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are my-saww family-asws’’.[109]
وَ حَدَّثَنَا السَّيِّدُ أَبُو الْحَمْدِ عَنْ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ زَاذَانَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ آيَةُ التَّطْهِيرِ جَمَعَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ إِيَّاهُ فِي كِسَاءٍ لِأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ خَيْبَرِيٍّ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي وَ عِتْرَتِي.
And it is narrated to us by the Seyyid Abu Al Hamd, from Abu Al Qasim, by his chain, from Zazan,
‘From Al-Hassan Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘When the Verse of Purification was Revealed, Rasool-Allah-saww gathered us and himself-saww in a Khyberi cloak of Umm Salama-ra, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household and my-saww family-asws’’.[110]
وَ قَالَ صَاحِبُ كِتَابِ إِحْقَاقِ الْحَقِّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ ذَكَرَ سَيِّدُ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ جَمَالُ الْمِلَّةِ وَ الدِّينِ عَطَاءُ اللَّهِ الْحُسَيْنِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ تُحْفَةِ الْأَحِبَّاءِ نَقْلًا عَنْ كِتَابِ الْمَصَابِيحِ فِي بَيَانِ شَأْنِ النُّزُولِ لِأَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمُفَسِّرِ الضَّرِيرِ الْأَسْفَرَايِنِيِّ مَا تَضَمَّنَ أَنَّهُ ص لَمَّا أَدْخَلَ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ سِبْطَيْهِ فِي الْعَبَاءِ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي وَ أَطْهَارُ عِتْرَتِي وَ أَطَايِبُ أَرُومَتِي مِنْ لَحْمِي وَ دَمِي إِلَيْكَ لَا إِلَى النَّارِ أَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَ طَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيراً وَ كَرَّرَ هَذَا الدُّعَاءَ ثَلَاثاً
And the author of the book ‘Ihqaq Al Haq’ said, ‘Chief of the narrators, beauty of the nation and the religion, Ataullah Al-Husayni in the book ‘Tohfa Al Ahya’a transmitting from Kita A’Al Masabih’ in explanation of the descent to Ibn Al Abbas Ashad Bin Al Hasan Al Mufasser Al Zareer Al Asfarany what is guaranteed,
‘When Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and his-saww two grandsons-asws entered in the robe, he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of the Household, and clean ones of my-saww family and good ones of my-saww roots, from my-saww flesh and my-saww blood! To You-azwj, not to the Fire. Keep the uncleanness away from them and Purify them with a Purification’ – and he-saww repeated this supplication thrice.
قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ أَنَا مَعَهُمْ قَالَ إِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ وَ أَنْتِ مِنْ خَيْرِ أَزْوَاجِي انْتَهَى.
Umm Salama-ra said, ‘I-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And am I-ra with them-asws?’ He-saww said: ‘You-ra are (destined) to good, and you-ra are from my-saww good wives’’.[111]
أَقُولُ وَ رَوَى ابْنُ بِطْرِيقٍ فِي الْمُسْتَدْرَكِ عَنِ الْحَافِظِ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ الْآيَةَ فِي خَمْسَةٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘And it is reported by Ibn Batreeq in (the book) ‘Al Mustadrak’, from Al Hafiz Abu Nueym by his chain from Abu Saeed, and Al Amsh, from Atiya, from Abu Saeed who said,
‘The Verse: But rather, Allah Intends [33:33] was Revealed regarding five – Rasool-Allah-saww, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws’’.[112]
روى البخاري و الترمذي و صاحب جامع الأصول عن ابن شهاب عن خارجة بن زيد بن ثابت أنه سمع زيد بن ثابت يقول فقدت آية في سورة الأحزاب حين نسخت الصحف قد كنت أسمع رسول الله يقرأ بها فالتمسناها فوجدناها مع خزيمة بن ثابت الأنصاري مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رِجالٌ صَدَقُوا ما عاهَدُوا اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ فألحقناها في سورتها من المصحف.
It is reported by Al Bukhari, and Al Tirmizi, and author of (the book) ‘Jamie Al Usool’, from Ibn Shahaab, from Kharjah Bin Zayd Bin Sabit who hear Zayd Bin Sabit saying
‘I missed a Verse in Surah Al-Ahzaab (Chapter 33) when I copied the Quran, I used to hear Rasool-Allah-saww reciting it. I searched for it and found it to be with Khuzeyman Bin Sabit Al-Ansari: From the Momineen there are men who ratified what they made a pact with Allah upon. [33:23], and I joined it in its chapter of the Quran’’.[113]
وَ رَوَى الصَّدُوقُ فِي كِتَابِ ثَوَابِ الْأَعْمَالِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع سُورَةُ الْأَحْزَابِ فِيهَا فَضَائِحُ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ يَا ابْنَ سِنَانٍ إِنَّ سُورَةَ الْأَحْزَابِ فَضَحَتْ نِسَاءَ قُرَيْشٍ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَ كَانَتْ أَطْوَلَ مِنْ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ وَ لَكِنْ نَقَصُوهَا وَ حَرَّفُوهَا.
And it is reported by Al Sadouq in Kitab ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ by his chain, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘Surah Al-Ahzaab, in it are scandals of the men and the women from Quraysh, and others. O Ibn Sinan! Surah Al-Ahzaab (now of 73 Verses) exposed women of Quraysh from the Arabs, and it used to be longer than Surah Al-Baqarah (286 Verses), but they reduced it and altered it’’.[114]
باب 6 نزول هل أتى
CHAPTER 6 – REVELATION OF SURAH AL DAHR FROM VERSE 1 TO 22
1- لي، الأمالي للصدوق الطَّالَقَانِيُّ عَنِ الْجَلُودِيِّ عَنِ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنْ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ بَهْرَامَ عَنْ لَيْثٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْجَلُودِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ يُوفُونَ بِالنَّذْرِ قَالا مَرِضَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع وَ هُمَا صَبِيَّانِ صَغِيرَانِ فَعَادَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ مَعَهُ رَجُلَانِ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ لَوْ نَذَرْتَ فِي ابْنَيْكَ نَذْراً إِنِ اللَّهُ عَافَاهُمَا
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Al Talaqani, from Al Jaloudy, from Al Jowhari, from Shueyb Bin Waqid, from Al Qasim Bin Bahram, from Lays, from Mujahid, from Ibn Abbas, and it was narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya Al Jaloudi, from Al-Hassan Bin Mihran, from Maslama Bin Khalid,
‘From Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws regarding Words of Mighty and Majestic: They are fulfilling the vows [76:7], they-asws both said: ‘Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws fell ill and they-asws were young boys, so Rasool-Allah-saww consoled them-asws, and with him-saww were two men.One of them said, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! If only you-asws would vow a vow with Allah-azwj He-azwj Grants them-asws both good health?’
فَقَالَ أَصُومُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ شُكْراً لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ كَذَلِكَ قَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع وَ قَالَ الصَّبِيَّانِ وَ نَحْنُ أَيْضاً نَصُومُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ كَذَلِكَ قَالَتْ جَارِيَتُهُمْ فِضَّةُ فَأَلْبَسَهُمَا اللَّهُ عَافِيَتَهُ فَأَصْبَحُوا صِيَاماً وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُمْ طَعَامٌ
He-asws said: ‘I-asws shall Fast for three days in appreciation to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. And Fatima-asws said similar to it. And the two young boys-asws said: ‘We-asws shall also Fast for three days’. And their-asws maid (Fizza-sa) said that as well. Allah-azwj Covered them-asws with the health. (As a result) they-asws became hungry and they-asws did not have any food.
فَانْطَلَقَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَى جَارٍ لَهُ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ يُقَالُ لَهُ شَمْعُونُ يُعَالِجُ الصُّوفَ فَقَالَ هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تُعْطِيَنِي جِزَّةً مِنْ صُوفٍ تَغْزِلُهَا لَكَ ابْنَةُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَصْوُعٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَعْطَاهُ
Ali-asws went to a Jewish neighbour of his-asws called Shamoun who used to treat wool. He-asws said: ‘Could you give me-asws some wool so that the daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww can spin it for you in exchange for a Sa’a (a unit of measurement) of barley?’ He said, ‘Yes’. So he gave it to him-asws.
فَجَاءَ بِالصُّوفِ وَ الشَّعِيرِ وَ أَخْبَرَ فَاطِمَةَ ع فَقَبِلَتْ وَ أَطَاعَتْ ثُمَّ عَمَدَتْ فَغَزَلَتْ ثُلُثَ الصُّوفِ ثُمَّ أَخَذَتْ صَاعاً مِنَ الشَّعِيرِ فَطَحَنَتْهُ وَ عَجَنَتْهُ وَ خَبَزَتْ مِنْهُ خَمْسَةَ أَقْرَاصٍ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ قُرْصاً
He-asws came with the wool and the barley, and informed (Syeda) Fatima-asws. She-asws accepted and obeyed, then she-asws spun a third of the wool, then took a measure (Sa’a) of barley, so she-asws ground it and kneaded it, and made five discs of bread from it, a disc for each one of them-asws’.
وَ صَلَّى عَلِيٌّ ع مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص الْمَغْرِبَ ثُمَّ أَتَى مَنْزِلَهُ فَوُضِعَ الْخِوَانُ وَ جَلَسُوا خَمْسَتُهُمْ فَأَوَّلُ لُقْمَةٍ كَسَرَهَا عَلِيٌّ ع إِذَا مِسْكِينٌ قَدْ وَقَفَ بِالْبَابِ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ أَنَا مِسْكِينٌ مِنْ مَسَاكِينِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَطْعِمُونِي مِمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ أَطْعَمَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَلَى مَوَائِدِ الْجَنَّةِ
And Ali-asws prayed Al-Maghrib Salat with the Prophet-saww, then came to his-asws house. The food was placed, and the five of them were seated. As soon as Ali-asws broke the first morsel to eat, there was a beggar who paused at the door. He said, ‘Greetings be upon you-asws, O People-asws of the Household of Muhammad-saww! I am a poor from the poor Muslims. Feed me from what you-asws are eating, Allah-azwj would Feed you-asws from the Banquets of the Paradise’.
فَوَضَعَ اللُّقْمَةَ مِنْ يَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ-
| فَاطِمُ ذَاتَ الْمَجْدِ وَ الْيَقِينِ- | يَا بِنْتَ خَيْرِ النَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ- | |
| أَ مَا تَرَيْنَ الْبَائِسَ الْمِسْكِينَ- | جَاءَ إِلَى الْبَابِ لَهُ حَنِينٌ- | |
| يَشْكُو إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ يَسْتَكِينُ- | يَشْكُو إِلَيْنَا جَائِعاً حَزِينٌ- | |
| كُلُّ امْرِئٍ بِكَسْبِهِ رَهِينٌ- | مَنْ يَفْعَلِ الْخَيْرَ يَقِفْ سَمِينٌ- | |
| مَوْعِدُهُ فِي جَنَّةٍ دَهِينٌ- | حَرَّمَهَا اللَّهُ عَلَى الضَّنِينِ- | |
| وَ صَاحِبُ الْبُخْلِ يَقِفْ حَزِينٌ- | تَهْوِي بِهِ النَّارُ إِلَى سِجِّينٍ- | |
| شَرَابُهُ الْحَمِيمُ وَ الْغِسْلِينُ- |
So he-asws placed the morsel back from his hand, then said (In prose): ‘Fatima-asws, O one of glory and conviction! O daughter-asws of the one-saww better than all the people together! But, do you-asws not see the poor beggar who has come to the door? He is craving to complain to Allah-azwj and submit his complaint against us-asws. He has come grief-stricken. Every person who does good would stand tomorrow in debt for the Garden which Allah-azwj has Forbidden upon the stingy and the niggardly who will pause at the Blazing Fire. His drink would be scalding water, (remaining therein for ages and years)’.
فَأَقْبَلَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع تَقُولُ-
| أَمْرُكَ سَمْعٌ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ وَ طَاعَةٌ- | مَا بِيَ مِنْ لُؤْمٍ وَ لَا رَضَاعَةٍ- | |
| غَدَّيْتُ بِاللُّبِّ وَ بِالْبَرَاعَةِ- | أَرْجُو إِذَا أَشْبَعْتُ مِنْ مَجَاعَةٍ- | |
| أَنْ أَلْحَقَ الْأَخْيَارَ وَ الْجَمَاعَةَ- | وَ أَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ فِي شَفَاعَةٍ- |
Fatima-asws faced him-asws and replied (in prose). She-asws said: ‘I-asws heard your-asws instruction, O cousin-asws, and obey. I-asws will not be accused for menial food, nor do I-asws want lowliness due to it, and I-asws hope that we-asws all should participate together in the good and enter the Paradise regarding intercession’.
وَ عَمَدَتْ إِلَى مَا كَانَ عَلَى الْخِوَانِ فَدَفَعَتْهُ إِلَى الْمِسْكِينِ وَ بَاتُوا جِيَاعاً وَ أَصْبَحُوا صِيَاماً لَمْ يَذُوقُوا إِلَّا الْمَاءَ الْقَرَاحَ ثُمَّ عَمَدَتْ إِلَى الثُّلُثِ الثَّانِي مِنَ الصُّوفِ فَغَزَلَتْهُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَتْ صَاعاً مِنَ الشَّعِيرِ وَ طَحَنَتْهُ وَ عَجَنَتْهُ وَ خَبَزَتْ مِنْهُ خَمْسَةَ أَقْرِصَةٍ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ قُرْصاً
And she-asws proceeded to what was upon the table spread and handed it over to the poor beggar. And their-asws hunger increased. That remained until the morning and they did not taste anything except for clear water (before observing Fast). She-asws proceeded to the second, third of the wool and spun it. Then she-asws took a measure of barley and ground it, and kneaded it, and made five discs of bread with it, a disc for each one of them-asws.
وَ صَلَّى عَلِيٌّ الْمَغْرِبَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص ثُمَّ أَتَى مَنْزِلَهُ فَلَمَّا وُضِعَ الْخِوَانُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ جَلَسُوا خَمْسَتُهُمْ فَأَوَّلُ لُقْمَةٍ كَسَرَهَا عَلِيٌّ ع إِذَا يَتِيمٌ مِنْ يَتَامَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَدْ وَقَفَ بِالْبَابِ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ أَنَا يَتِيمٌ مِنْ يَتَامَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَطْعِمُونِي مِمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ أَطْعَمَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَلَى مَوَائِدِ الْجَنَّةِ
And Ali-asws prayed Al-Maghrib Salat with the Prophet-saww, then came to his-asws house. When the food was placed in front of him-asws, and the five of them-asws were seated, as soon as Ali-asws broke the first morsel, an orphan from the orphans of the Muslims paused at the door and said, ‘Greetings be upon you-asws, O People-asws of the Household of Muhammad-saww! I am an orphan from the Muslim orphans. Feed me from what you-asws are eating, Allah-azwj would Feed you upon the Banquets of the Paradise’.
فَوَضَعَ عَلِيٌّ ع اللُّقْمَةَ مِنْ يَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ-
| فَاطِمُ بِنْتَ السَّيِّدِ الْكَرِيمِ- | بِنْتَ نَبِيٍّ لَيْسَ بِالزَّنِيمِ- | |
| قَدْ جَاءَنَا اللَّهُ بِذَا الْيَتِيمِ- | مَنْ يَرْحَمِ الْيَوْمَ هُوَ الرَّحِيمُ- | |
| مَوْعِدُهُ فِي جَنَّةِ النَّعِيمِ- | حَرَّمَهَا اللَّهُ عَلَى اللَّئِيمِ- | |
| وَ صَاحِبُ الْبُخْلِ يَقِفْ ذَمِيمٌ- | تَهْوِي بِهِ النَّارُ إِلَى الْجَحِيمِ- | |
| شَرَابُهُ الصَّدِيدُ وَ الْحَمِيمُ- |
Ali-asws placed the morsel back from his-asws hand and said (in prose): ‘Fatima-asws, daughter-asws of the Chief of the generous one, daughter of the Prophet-saww who was not with wickedness, Allah-azwj has Come to us with that orphan. The one who is merciful to him today would be in the Gardens of Bliss which Allah-azwj has Forbidden upon the wicked and the one who is niggardly who would be plunged down into the obnoxious Fire. Their drink would be pus and boiling water’.
فَأَقْبَلَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع وَ هِيَ تَقُولُ-
| فَسَوْفَ أُعْطِيهِ وَ لَا أُبَالِي- | وَ أُوثِرُ اللَّهَ عَلَى عِيَالِي- | |
| أَمْسَوْا جِيَاعاً وَ هُمْ أَشْبَالِي- | أَصْغَرُهُمْ يُقْتَلُ فِي الْقِتَالِ- | |
| بِكَرْبَلَاءَ يُقْتَلُ بِاغْتِيالٍ- | لِقَاتِلِيهِ الْوَيْلُ مَعْ وَبَالٍ- | |
| يَهْوِي بِهِ النَّارُ إِلَى سَفَالٍ- | كُبُولُهُ زَادَتْ عَلَى الْأَكْبَال- |
(Syeda) Fatima-asws turned towards him-asws and she-asws said (in prose): ‘I-asws shall give and I-asws do not mind, and I-asws prefer Allah-azwj over my-asws children who are hungry, and the younger one-asws would be killed in Karbala, killed by murderous assassins. So the woe along with the damnation be upon them who will be plunged into the Fire to its lowest level, with the Punishment being (ever) increased upon them’.
ثُمَّ عَمَدَتْ فَأَعْطَتْهُ ع جَمِيعَ مَا عَلَى الْخِوَانِ وَ بَاتُوا جِيَاعاً لَمْ يَذُوقُوا إِلَّا الْمَاءَ الْقَرَاحَ وَ أَصْبَحُوا صِيَاماً وَ عَمَدَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع فَغَزَلَتِ الثُّلُثَ الْبَاقِيَ مِنَ الصُّوفِ وَ طَحَنَتِ الصَّاعَ الْبَاقِيَ وَ عَجَنَتْهُ وَ خَبَزَتْ مِنْهُ خَمْسَةَ أَقْرَاصٍ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ قُرْصاً
Then she-asws proceeded and gave all what was upon the table spread. And their-asws hunger increased, and they did not taste anything except for clear water. They-asws were Fasting in the morning, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws proceeded, to the remainder of the wool and spun it, and she-asws ground the rest of the barley and kneaded it, and made five discs of bread from it, a disc for each one of them-asws.
وَ صَلَّى عَلِيٌّ ع الْمَغْرِبَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص ثُمَّ أَتَى مَنْزِلَهُ فَقَرَّبَ إِلَيْهِ الْخِوَانَ وَ جَلَسُوا خَمْسَتُهُمْ فَأَوَّلُ لُقْمَةٍ كَسَرَهَا عَلِيٌّ ع إِذَا أَسِيرٌ مِنْ أُسَرَاءِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَدْ وَقَفَ بِالْبَابِ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ تَأْسِرُونَنَا وَ تَشُدُّونَنَا وَ لَا تُطْعِمُونَنَا
And Ali-asws prayed Al-Maghrib Salat with the Prophet-saww, then came to his-asws house. The food was placed near to him-asws, and the five of them-asws were seated. As soon as Ali-asws broke the first morsel, there was a captive from the captives of the Polytheists who had paused at the door. He said, ‘Greetings be upon you-asws, O People-asws of the Household of Muhammad-saww! You-asws have made us to be captives and do not feed us?’
فَوَضَعَ عَلِيٌّ ع اللُّقْمَةَ مِنْ يَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ-
| فَاطِمُ يَا بِنْتَ النَّبِيِّ أَحْمَدَ- | بِنْتَ نَبِيٍّ سَيِّدٍ مُسَوَّدٍ- | |
| قَدْ جَاءَكِ الْأَسِيرُ لَيْسَ يَهْتَدِي- | مُكَبَّلًا فِي غُلِّهِ مُقَيَّدٌ- | |
| يَشْكُو إِلَيْنَا الْجُوعَ قَدْ تَقَدَّدَ- | مَنْ يُطْعِمِ الْيَوْمَ يَجِدْهُ فِي غَدٍ- | |
| عِنْدَ الْعَلِيِّ الْوَاحِدِ الْمُوَحَّدِ- | مَا يَزْرَعُ الزَّارِعُ سَوْفَ يَحْصُدُ- | |
| فَأَعْطِيهِ لَا تَجْعَلِيهِ يُنْكَدُ- |
So Ali-asws placed the morsel back from his hand, then said (in prose): ‘Fatima-asws, O daughter of the Prophet Ahmad-saww. A Prophet-saww who is a Chief of the chiefs. There has come to your-asws door, the captive, chained and restricted. He is complaining to us-asws of the hunger. The one who feeds him today, would sow today and reap tomorrow in the Presence of the Exalted, the One, so do not despair’.
فَأَقْبَلَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع وَ هِيَ تَقُولُ
| لَمْ يَبْقَ مِمَّا كَانَ غَيْرُ صَاعٍ- | قَدْ دَبِرَتْ كَفِّي مَعَ الذِّرَاعِ- | |
| شِبْلَايَ وَ اللَّهِ هُمَا جِيَاعٌ- | يَا رَبِّ لَا تَتْرُكْهُمَا ضَيَاعٌ- | |
| أَبُوهُمَا لِلْخَيْرِ ذُو اصْطِنَاعٍ- | عَبْلُ الذِّرَاعَيْنِ طَوِيلُ الْبَاعِ- | |
| وَ مَا عَلَى رَأْسِيَ مِنْ قِنَاعٍ- | إِلَّا عَبَا نَسَجْتُهَا بِصَاعٍ- |
(Syeda) Fatima-asws faced him-asws and she-asws said (in prose): ‘There does not remain any other measure (of barley) behind to suffice my-asws children. By Allah-azwj they are hungry. O Lord-azwj! Do not Leave both of them-asws, as their father-asws is the good, one with two hands (double generous) with a long span, and there is nothing in my-asws possession which I-asws can spin (anymore)’.
وَ عَمَدُوا إِلَى مَا كَانَ عَلَى الْخِوَانِ فَأَعْطَوْهُ وَ بَاتُوا جِيَاعاً وَ أَصْبَحُوا مُفْطِرِينَ وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُمْ شَيْءٌ
And she-asws proceeded to what was upon the table spread, so she-asws gave it. And their-asws hunger increased. And their Fasts had ended and there was nothing (to eat) in their-asws possession’.
قَالَ شُعَيْبٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ وَ أَقْبَلَ عَلِيٌّ بِالْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع نَحْوَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُمَا يَرْتَعِشَانِ كَالْفَرْخِ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْجُوعِ فَلَمَّا بَصُرَ بِهِمُ النَّبِيُّ ص قَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ شَدَّ مَا يَسُوؤُنِي مَا أَرَى بِكُمْ انْطَلِقْ إِلَى ابْنَتِي فَاطِمَةَ
Shuayb said in his Hadeeth, ‘And Ali-asws went with Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws to Rasool-Allah-saww, and they-asws were both trembling like nestlings due to the intensity of the hunger. When the Rasool-Allah-saww saw the two of them-asws, he-saww said: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! I-asws do not like what I-saww see with you-asws all. (So let us-asws ) go to my-saww daughter-asws Fatima-asws’.
فَانْطَلَقُوا إِلَيْهَا وَ هِيَ فِي مِحْرَابِهَا قَدْ لَصِقَ بَطْنُهَا بِظَهْرِهَا مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْجُوعِ وَ غَارَتْ عَيْنَاهَا فَلَمَّا رَآهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ضَمَّهَا إِلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ وَا غَوْثَاهْ بِاللَّهِ أَنْتُمْ مُنْذُ ثَلَاثٍ فِيمَا أَرَى
So they-asws went to her-asws, and she-asws was in her-asws prayer niche (Mehraab). Her-asws stomach had touched her-asws back (bone) due to the intensity of the hunger, and her-asws eyes had sunk. So, when the Rasool-Allah-saww saw her-asws, he-saww took her-asws in his-saww arms and said: ‘Waah! I-saww seek Your-azwj Help, with what I-saww see you-asws all to be in, for the last three days!’
فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ خُذْ مَا هَيَّأَ اللَّهُ لَكَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ قَالَ وَ مَا آخُذُ يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ قَالَ هَلْ أَتى عَلَى الْإِنْسانِ حِينٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ إِنَّ هذا كانَ لَكُمْ جَزاءً وَ كانَ سَعْيُكُمْ مَشْكُوراً
Jibraeel-as descended and said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Take it, that which is for you-saww regarding the People-asws of your-saww Household!’ He-saww said: ‘And what shall I-saww take, O Jibraeel-as?’ He-as said: ‘Didn’t there come upon the human being, a period of time? [76:1] – until he-as reached: Surely this would be a Recompense for you and your striving would always be appreciated [76:22]’.
وَ قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ فَوَثَبَ النَّبِيُّ ص حَتَّى دَخَلَ مَنْزِلَ فَاطِمَةَ ع فَرَأَى مَا بِهِمْ فَجَمَعَهُمْ ثُمَّ انْكَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ يَبْكِي وَ يَقُولُ أَنْتُمْ مُنْذُ ثَلَاثٍ فِيمَا أَرَى وَ أَنَا غَافِلٌ عَنْكُمْ
Al-Hassan Bin Mihran said in a Hadeeth, ‘The Prophet-saww leapt until he-saww entered the house of (Syeda) Fatima-asws and saw what was with them. He-saww gathered them-asws, then he-saww was devastated upon them-asws crying and saying: ‘You-asws are in what I-saww see for the last three days, and I-saww am unaware of you-asws all?’
فَهَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ- إِنَّ الْأَبْرارَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْ كَأْسٍ كانَ مِزاجُها كافُوراً- عَيْناً يَشْرَبُ بِها عِبادُ اللَّهِ يُفَجِّرُونَها تَفْجِيراً قَالَ هِيَ عَيْنٌ فِي دَارِ النَّبِيِّ ص يُفَجَّرُ إِلَى دُورِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
So, Jibraeel-as descended unto him-saww with these Verses: Surely, the righteous would be drinking from a cup, its admixture would be of camphor [76:5] A fountain, from it the servants of Allah would be drinking. He shall Make it flow in abundance [76:6]. He said, ‘It is a spring in the house of the Prophet-saww bursting forth to house of the Prophets-as and the Momineen.
يُوفُونَ بِالنَّذْرِ يَعْنِي عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع وَ جَارِيَتَهُمْ- وَ يَخافُونَ يَوْماً كانَ شَرُّهُ مُسْتَطِيراً يَكُونُ عَابِساً كَلُوحاً-
They are fulfilling the vows [76:7] – meaning Ali-asws, and Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and their maid (Fizza-sa). and are fearing a Day, the evil of it would be widespread [76:7], bleak, crying.
وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ عَلى حُبِّهِ يَقُولُ عَلَى شَهْوَتِهِمْ لِلطَّعَامِ وَ إِيثَارِهِمْ لَهُ مِسْكِيناً مِنْ مَسَاكِينِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ يَتِيماً مِنْ يَتَامَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ- وَ أَسِيراً مِنْ أُسَارَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ يَقُولُونَ
And they fed the food upon His love, – over their-asws own desired for the food, and their-asws preferring for it, a poor – from the poor Muslims, and an orphan – from the Muslim orphans, and a captive [76:8] – from the captives of the Polytheists.
إِذَا أَطْعَمُوهُمْ- إِنَّما نُطْعِمُكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ لا نُرِيدُ مِنْكُمْ جَزاءً وَ لا شُكُوراً قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا قَالُوا هَذَا لَهُمْ وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ أَضْمَرُوهُ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ فَأَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ بِإِضْمَارِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ لَا نُرِيدُ جَزَاءً تُكَافُونَنَا بِهِ وَ لَا شُكُوراً تُثْنُونَ عَلَيْنَا بِهِ وَ لَكِنْ إِنَّمَا أَطْعَمْنَاكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ وَ طَلَبِ ثَوَابِهِ
And when they-asws are feeding them, (They said): ‘But rather, we are feeding you for the Face of Allah, neither wanting any recompense from you nor any appreciation’ [76:9]. He said, ‘By Allah-azwj! They-asws did not say this for them-asws, but they-asws thought it within themselves-asws, so Allah-azwj Informed their-asws consciences saying: ‘We-asws neither want any recompense to be sufficed with it nor any appreciation to be praised upon it due to it, but rather we-asws are feeding you all for the Face of Allah-azwj and seeking His-azwj Reward’.
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ فَوَقاهُمُ اللَّهُ شَرَّ ذلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ لَقَّاهُمْ نَضْرَةً فِي الْوُجُوهِ وَ سُرُوراً فِي الْقُلُوبِ- وَ جَزاهُمْ بِما صَبَرُوا جَنَّةً يَسْكُنُونَهَا- وَ حَرِيراً يَفْتَرِشُونَهُ وَ يَلْبَسُونَهُ
Allah-azwj, Exalted is His-azwj Mention, Said: Therefore, Allah will Protect them for the evil of that Day and cast freshness – in their faces, and happiness – in the hearts [76:11] And Recompense them due to their being patient, a Garden – to dwell in it, and silk [76:12], they can furnish with it and wear it.
مُتَّكِئِينَ فِيها عَلَى الْأَرائِكِ وَ الْأَرِيكَةُ السَّرِيرُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَجَلَةُ- لا يَرَوْنَ فِيها شَمْساً وَ لا زَمْهَرِيراً قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَبَيْنَا أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ إِذَا رَأَوْا مِثْلَ الشَّمْسِ قَدْ أَشْرَقَتْ لَهَا الْجِنَانُ فَيَقُولُ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّكَ قُلْتَ فِي كِتَابِكَ- لا يَرَوْنَ فِيها شَمْساً
Reclining therein upon the couches, – and the couches as the beds having the curtains upon it, neither seeing (heat of a) sun therein nor intense cold [76:13]. Ibn Abbas said, ‘While the people of the Paradise would be in the Paradise, then they would see a resemblance of the sun, the Gardens would be shining due to it. So, the people of the Paradise would say, ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj Said in Your-azwj Book: neither seeing (heat of a) sun [76:13].
فَيُرْسِلُ اللَّهُ جَلَّ اسْمُهُ إِلَيْهِمْ جَبْرَئِيلَ فَيَقُولُ لَيْسَ هَذِهِ بِشَمْسٍ وَ لَكِنَّ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ ضَحِكَا فَأَشْرَقَتِ الْجِنَانُ مِنْ نُورِ ضَحِكِهِمَا
So, Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Name, would Send Jibraeel-as to them. He-as would say: ‘This isn’t a sun, but Ali-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws smile, to the Gardens shone from the radiance of their smile’.
وَ نَزَلَتْ هَلْ أَتى فِيهِمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ كانَ سَعْيُكُمْ مَشْكُوراً.
And ‘Hal Ata’ (Surah Al Dahr) was Revealed regarding them-asws up to the Words of the Exalted: and your striving (which) would always be appreciated [76:22]’’.[115]
2- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب رَوَى أَبُو صَالِحٍ وَ مُجَاهِدٌ وَ الضَّحَّاكُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ عَطَاءٌ وَ قَتَادَةُ وَ مُقَاتِلٌ وَ اللَّيْثُ وَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَ ابْنُ جُبَيْرٍ وَ عَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ وَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ وَ النَّقَّاشُ وَ الْقُشَيْرِيُّ وَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ وَ الْوَاحِدِيُّ فِي تَفَاسِيرِهِمْ وَ صَاحِبُ أَسْبَابِ النُّزُولِ وَ الْخَطِيبُ الْمَكِّيُّ فِي الْأَرْبَعِينَ وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الشِّيرَازِيُّ فِي نُزُولِ الْقُرْآنِ فِي أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْأُشْنَهِيُّ فِي اعْتِقَادِ أَهْلِ السُّنَّةِ وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ النَّحْوِيُّ فِي الْعَرُوسِ فِي الزُّهْدِ
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – It is reported by Abu Salih, and Mujahid, and Al Zahak, and Al-Hassan, and Ata’a, and Qatadah, and Muqatal, and Al Lays, and Ibn Abbas, and Ibn Masoud, and Ibn Jubeyr, and Amro Bin Shueyb, and Al-Hassan Bin Mihran, and Al-Hassan Bin Mihran, and Al Naqqash, and Al Qusheyri, and Al Sa’alby, and Al Wahidy in their Tafseers, and author of ‘Asbab Al Nuzool’, and the preacher Al Makky in ‘Al Arbaeen’, and Abu Bakr Al Shirazi in ‘Nuzool Al Quran regarding Amir Al-Momineen-asws’, and Al Ashnahy in ‘Itiqad Ahl Al Sunnah’, and Abu Bakr Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Al Fazl Al Nahqy in ‘Al Arous Fi Al Zohd’.
وَ رَوَى أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع وَ اللَّفْظُ لَهُ ثُمَّ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ أَصْبَحُوا مُفْطِرِينَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُمْ شَيْءٌ
And it is reported by People-asws of the Household from Al-Asbagh Bin Nubata and others from Al-Baqir-asws, and the words for it. Then he-asws continued the Hadeeth up to his-asws words: ‘And they-asws came to breaking the Fast, there wasn’t anything with them’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ فَرَآهُمْ النَّبِيُّ ص جِيَاعاً فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ مَعَهُ صَحْفَةٌ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ مُرَصَّعَةٌ بِالدُّرِّ وَ الْيَاقُوتِ مَمْلُوءَةٌ مِنَ الثَّرِيدِ وَ عُرَاقٍ يَفُوحُ مِنْهُ رَائِحَةُ الْمِسْكِ وَ الْكَافُورِ فَجَلَسُوا وَ أَكَلُوا حَتَّى شَبِعُوا وَ لَمْ تَنْقُصْ مِنْهَا لُقْمَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ
Then he-asws said: ‘The Prophet-saww saw then hungry, so Jibraeel-as descended and there was a large pot of gold inlaid with the gems and sapphire, filled from porridge and rose-petals (fragrance) effusing from it aroma of the musk and the camphor. They-asws were seated and ate until they-asws were satiated and not a single morsel was reduced from it.
وَ خَرَجَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع وَ مَعَهُ قِطْعَةُ عُرَاقٍ فَنَادَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ يَهُودِيَّةٌ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ الْجُوعِ مِنْ أَيْنَ لَكُمْ هَذَا أَطْعِمْنِيهَا فَمَدَّ يَدَهُ الْحُسَيْنُ لِيُطْعِمَهَا فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ أَخَذَهَا مِنْ يَدِهِ وَ رَفَعَ الصَّحْفَةَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ
And Al-Husayn-asws went out and with him-asws was a piece or a rose petal. A Jewish woman called out to him-asws, ‘O People-asws of the Household! Where is the hunger for you-asws? Feed us this’. Al-Husayn-asws extended his-asws hand to feed her, but Jibraeel-as came down and seized it from his-asws hand and raised the pot to the sky.
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُ ص لَوْ لَا مَا أَرَادَ الْحُسَيْنُ مِنْ إِطْعَامِ الْجَارِيَةِ تِلْكَ الْقَصْعَةَ لَبَرَكَتْ تِلْكَ الصَّحْفَةُ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْهَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا تَنْقُصُ لُقْمَةٌ
The Prophet-saww said: ‘If Al-Husayn-asws had not intended feeding the girl (from) that pot, that pot would have been left among the People-asws of my-saww Household. They would have eating from it up to the Day of Qiyamah, not reducing a morsel from it.
وَ نَزَلَ يُوفُونَ بِالنَّذْرِ وَ كَانَتِ الصَّدَقَةُ فِي لَيْلَةِ خَمْسٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ وَ نَزَلَ هَلْ أَتَى فِي يَوْمِ الْخَامِسِ وَ الْعِشْرِينَ مِنْهُ.
And it was Revealed: They are fulfilling the vows [76:7], and the charity was (given) during the night of twenty fifth of Zul Hijja, and ‘Hal Ata’ (Surah Dahr) was Revealed during the day twenty-fifth from it’’.[116]
3- فس، تفسير القمي قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ عِنْدَ فَاطِمَةَ ع شَعِيرٌ فَجَعَلُوهُ عَصِيدَةً فَلَمَّا أَنْضَجُوهَا وَ وَضَعُوهَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ جَاءَ مِسْكِينٌ فَقَالَ الْمِسْكِينُ رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ أَطْعِمُونَا مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ
Tafseer Al-Qummi – Words of the Exalted: And they fed the food [76:8] –
It is narrated to me by my father, from Al Qaddah,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There was some barley with (Syeda) Fatima-asws, so she-asws made it as porridge. When she-asws had cooked it and placed it in front of them-asws, a poor one came and said, ‘The poor one has come, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you-asws all! Feed us from what Allah-azwj has Graced you-asws!’
فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُلُثَهَا وَ لَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ جَاءَ يَتِيمٌ فَقَالَ الْيَتِيمُ رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُلُثَهَا ثُمَّ جَاءَ أَسِيرٌ فَقَالَ الْأَسِيرُ رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ عَلِيٌّ ع الثُّلُثَ الْبَاقِيَ وَ مَا ذَاقُوهَا
Ali-asws stood up and gave him a third of it, and it was not long before an orphan came. The orphan said, ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you-asws all!’ Ali-asws stood up and gave him the (other) third of it. Then a captive came and said, ‘May Allah-azwj have mercy on you-asws all!’ So, Ali-asws gave him the remaining third, and they had not even tasted it.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ- وَ كانَ سَعْيُكُمْ مَشْكُوراً وَ هِيَ جَارِيَةٌ فِي كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ فَعَلَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ.
So, Allah-azwj Revealed this Verse regarding them-asws up to His-azwj Words: and your striving (which) would always be appreciated [76:22], and it flows regarding every momin who does similar to that’’.[117]
4- يج، الخرائج و الجرائح رُوِيَ أَنَّ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ مَرِضَا فَنَذَرَ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع صِيَامَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَلَمَّا عَافَاهُمَا اللَّهُ وَ كَانَ الزَّمَانُ قَحْطاً أَخَذَ عَلِيٌّ مِنْ يَهُودِيٍّ ثَلَاثَ جِزَّاتٍ صُوفاً لِتَغْزِلَهَا فَاطِمَةُ ع وَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَصْوَاعٍ شَعِيراً
(The book) ‘Al Kharaij Wa Al Jaraih’ –
‘It is reported that Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws were ill, so Ali-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn vowed for Fasting three days. When Allah-azwj Granted them-asws good health, and it was the time of drought, Ali-asws took three portions of wool from a Jew for (Syeda) Fatima-asws to spin these, and three Sa’a (unit of measurement) of barley (as wages for spinning).
فَصَامُوا وَ غَزَلَتْ فَاطِمَةُ جِزَّةً ثُمَّ طَحَنَتْ صَاعاً مِنَ الشَّعِيرِ فَخَبَزَتْهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ عِنْدَ الْإِفْطَارِ أَتَى مِسْكِينٌ فَأَعْطَوْهُ طَعَامَهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَذُوقُوا إِلَّا الْمَاءَ
They Fasted, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws spun a portion, then she-asws cooked a Sa’a from the Barley and made bread out of it. When it was the time of breaking the Fast, a poor man came, so they-asws gave him their food, and did not even taste it except the water.
ثُمَّ غَزَلَتْ جِزَّةً أُخْرَى مِنَ الْغَدِ ثُمَّ طَحَنَتْ صَاعاً فَخَبَزَتْهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ عِنْدَ الْمَسَاءِ أَتَى يَتِيمٌ فَأَعْطَوْهُ وَ لَمْ يَذُوقُوا إِلَّا الْمَاءَ
Then she-asws spun another portion from the next morning, then cooked a Sa’a and made it into bread. When it was during the evening, an orphan came. So, they-asws gave him and did not taste except the water.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ غَزَلَتِ الْجِزَّةَ الْبَاقِيَةَ ثُمَّ طَحَنَتِ الصَّاعَ وَ خَبَزَتْهُ وَ أَتَى أَسِيرٌ عِنْدَ الْمَسَاءِ فَأَعْطَوْهُ وَ كَانَ مَضَى عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَ الْحَجَرُ عَلَى بَطْنِهِ وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ بِحَالِهِمْ فَخَرَجَ وَ دَخَلَ حَدِيقَةَ الْمِقْدَادِ وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ عَلَى نَخَلَاتِهَا ثَمَرَةٌ وَ مَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ
When it was the next morning, she-asws spun the remaining portion, then she-asws cooked the (remaining) Sa’a and made it into bread, and a captive came at evening. So, they gave it to him. And four days had passed upon Rasool-Allah-saww, and the stone was upon his-saww belly (out of hunger), and he-saww had known of their-asws state. He-saww went out and entered the garden of Al-Miqdad-ra, and no fruit had remained upon its palm trees, and with him-saww was Ali-asws.
فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ خُذِ السَّلَّةَ وَ انْطَلِقْ إِلَى النَّخْلَةِ وَ أَشَارَ إِلَى وَاحِدَةٍ فَقُلْ لَهَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص سَأَلْتُكِ عَنِ اللَّهِ أَطْعِمِينَا مِنْ ثَمَرِكِ
He-saww said: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! Take the ladder and go to the palm tree’ – and he-saww indicated to one, ‘and say to it, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww asks you on behalf of Allah-azwj to feed us-asws from your fruit (dates)’.
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ لَقَدْ تَطَأْطَأَتْ بِحِمْلٍ مَا نَظَرَ النَّاظِرُونَ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا وَ الْتَقَطْتُ مِنْ أَطَايِبِهَا وَ حَمَلْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَكَلَ وَ أَكَلْتُ فَأَطْعَمَ الْمِقْدَادَ وَ جَمِيعَ عِيَالِهِ وَ حَمَلَ إِلَى الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ فَاطِمَةَ ع مَا كَفَاهُمْ
Ali-asws said: ‘And it had become loaded with such a load (of dates), the beholders had not seen the like of it, and I-asws picked from its good ones and carried it to Rasool-Allah-saww. He-saww ate and I-asws ate, and Al-Miqdad-ra fed the entirety of his-ra dependants, and carried to Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws what could suffice them-asws.
فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْمَنْزِلَ إِذَا فَاطِمَةُ ع يَأْخُذُهَا الصُّدَاعُ فَقَالَ ص أَبْشِرِي وَ اصْبِرِي فَلَنْ تَنَالِي مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا بِالصَّبْرِ فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِهَلْ أَتَى.
When he-saww reached the house of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, the headache had seized her-asws. He-saww said: ‘Receive glad tidings and be patience, for you-asws cannot attain what is in the Presence of Allah-azwj except by the patience’. Jibraeel-as descended with ‘Hal Ata’ (Surah Al Dahr)’’.[118]
5- كشف، كشف الغمة رَوَى الْوَاحِدِيُّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع آجَرَ نَفْسَهُ لَيْلَةً إِلَى الصُّبْحِ يَسْقِي نَخْلًا بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ فَلَمَّا قَبَضَهُ طَحَنَ ثُلُثَهُ وَ اتَّخَذُوا مِنْهُ طَعَاماً فَلَمَّا تَمَ أَتَى مِسْكِينٌ فَأَخْرَجُوا إِلَيْهِ الطَّعَامَ وَ عَمِلُوا الثُّلُثَ الثَّانِيَ فَأَتَاهُمْ يَتِيمٌ فَأَخْرَجُوهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ عَمِلُوا الثُّلُثَ الثَّالِثَ فَأَتَاهُمْ أَسِيرٌ فَأَخْرَجُوا الطَّعَامَ إِلَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ – (Non-Shia source)
It is reported by al Wahidy in his Tafseer that Ali-asws hired out himself-asws the night to the morning to irrigate palm trees for something from barley. When he-asws took possession of it, he-asws ground a third of it to make a meal from it. When it was complete (cooked), a poor man came. They brought out the food to him. And they worked on the second third. An orphan came to them-asws, so they brought it out to him, and they worked the third, third. A captive came to them-asws, and they brought out the food to him.
وَ طَوَى عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع وَ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ حُسْنَ مَقْصَدِهِمْ وَ صِدْقَ نِيَّاتِهِمْ وَ أَنَّهُمْ إِنَّمَا أَرَادُوا بِمَا فَعَلُوهُ وَجْهَهُ وَ طَلَبُوا بِمَا أَتَوْا مَا عِنْدَهُ وَ الْتَمَسُوا الْجَزَاءَ مِنْهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
And Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws folded (out of hunger), and Allah-azwj Knew the excellence of their-asws purpose and sincerity of their-asws intentions, and rather what they-asws intended with what they-asws had done is His-azwj Face, and they-asws sought with what they-asws die, what is in His-azwj Presence, and they-asws sought the Recompense from Him-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ قُرْآناً وَ أَوْلَاهُمْ مِنْ لَدُنْهُ إِحْسَاناً وَ نَشَرَ لَهُمْ بَيْنَ الْعَالَمِينَ دِيوَاناً وَ عَوَّضَهُمْ عَمَّا بَذَلُوا جِنَاناً وَ حُوراً وَ وِلْدَاناً
So, Allah-azwj Revealed Quran (Verses) regarding them-asws and Made them-asws foremost from Him-saww with Favours, and Publicised a register for them-asws between the worlds, and Gave them-asws instead of what they-asws exerted, Gardens, and Houries, and servants.
فَقَالَ- وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ عَلى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِيناً وَ يَتِيماً وَ أَسِيراً إِلَى آخِرِهَا وَ هَذِهِ مَنْقَبَةٌ لَهَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مَحَلٌّ كَرِيمٌ وَ جُودُهُمْ بِالطَّعَامِ مَعَ شِدَّةِ الْحَاجَةِ إِلَيْهِ أَمْرٌ عَظِيمٌ وَ لِهَذَا تَتَابَعَ فِيهَا وَعْدُهُ سُبْحَانَهُ بِفُنُونِ الْأَلْطَافِ وَ ضُرُوبِ الْإِنْعَامِ وَ الْإسْعَافِ.
He-azwj Said: And they are feeding the food upon His love, to a poor, and an orphan and a captive [76:8] – up to its end, and this is a feat in the Presence of Allah-azwj, being an honourable place for it, and their-asws generosity with the food along with severity of the need to it is a mighty matter, and for this it follows His-azwj Promise, Glory be to Him-azwj during it, and types of Kind Gestures, and a variety of awards, and the result’’.[119]
6- كشف، كشف الغمة مِنْ مَنَاقِبِ الْخُوارَزْمِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَ قَدْ ذَكَرَهُ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ وَ غَيْرُهُ مِنْ مُفَسِّرِي الْقُرْآنِ الْمَجِيدِ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى يُوفُونَ بِالنَّذْرِ وَ يَخافُونَ يَوْماً كانَ شَرُّهُ مُسْتَطِيراً قَالَ مَرِضَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَعَادَهُمَا جَدُّهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ مَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ عَادَهُمَا عَامَّةُ الْعَرَبِ فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ لَوْ نَذَرْتَ عَلَى وَلَدَيْكَ نَذْراً وَ كُلُّ نَذْرٍ لَا يَكُونُ لَهُ وَفَاءٌ فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’, from (the book) ‘Manaqib’ of Khawarizmi’, from Ibn Abbas, and Sa’alby has mentioned it, and someone else from the interpreters of the Glorious Quran,
‘Regarding Words of the Exalted: They are fulfilling the vows and are fearing a Day, the evil of it would be widespread [76:7], said, ‘Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws fell ill, so their-asws grandfather-saww Rasool-Allah-saww consoled them, and with him-saww were Abu Bakr and Umar, and the generality of the Arabs consoled them. They said, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! If you-asws could make a vow upon your-asws children, and every vow not having any fulfilment for it, so it isn’t anything’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِنْ بَرَأَ وَلَدَايَ مِمَّا بِهِمَا صُمْتُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ شُكْراً وَ قَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع إِنْ بَرَأَ وَلَدَايَ مِمَّا بِهِمَا صُمْتُ لِلَّهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ شُكْراً وَ قَالَتْ جَارِيَةٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا فِضَّةُ إِنْ بَرَأَ سَيِّدَايَ مِمَّا بِهِمَا صُمْتُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ شُكْراً
Ali-asws said: ‘If my-asws two sons-asws were to be cured from what is with them-asws, I-asws shall Fast three days in appreciation (to Allah-azwj’). And (Syeda) Fatima-asws said: ‘If my-asws two sons-asws were to be cured from what is with them-asws, I-asws shall Fast for three days in appreciation to Allah-azwj’. And the maid called Fizza-sa said: ‘If my-ra two masters-asws were to be cured from what is with them-asws, I-ra shall Fast three days in appreciation (to Allah-azwj’).
فَأُلْبِسَ الْغُلَامَانِ الْعَافِيَةَ وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ قَلِيلٌ وَ لَا كَثِيرٌ فَانْطَلَقَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى شَمْعُونَ الْخَيْبَرِيِّ وَ كَانَ يَهُودِيّاً فَاسْتَقْرَضَ مِنْهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَصْوَاعٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ وَ فِي حَدِيثِ الْمُزَنِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مِهْرَانَ الْبَاهِلِيِّ فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى جَارٍ لَهُ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ يُعَالِجُ الصُّوفَ يُقَالُ لَهُ- شَمْعُونُ بْنُ حَانَا
The two boys-asws were clothed with well being and there wasn’t (anything) in the possession of Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, neither little nor more. So, Amir Al-Momineen-asws walked to Shamoun the Khyberi, and he was a Jews, and borrowed from him three Sa’a of barley. And in a Hadeeth of Al-Muzany, from Ibn Mihran al Bahily, he-asws went to a neighbour of his-asws, from the Jews, called Shamoun Bin Haana, to treat (spin) the wool.
فَقَالَ هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تُعْطِيَنِي جِزَّةً مِنْ صُوفٍ تَغْزِلُهَا لَكَ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَصْوُعٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَعْطَاهُ فَجَاءَ بِالصُّوفِ وَ الشَّعِيرِ فَأَخْبَرَ فَاطِمَةَ بِذَلِكَ فَقَبِلَتْ وَ أَطَاعَتْ
He-asws said: ‘Is it for you if you were to give me-asws a portion of wool so the daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww can spin it for you for (a wage of) three Sa’a of barley?’ he said, ‘Yes’. He gave it to him-asws and he-asws came with the wool and the barley. He-asws informed Fatima-asws with that. She-asws accepted and obeyed.
قَالُوا فَقَامَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع إِلَى صَاعٍ فَطَحَنَتْهُ وَ اخْتَبَزَتْ مِنْهُ خَمْسَةَ أَقْرَاصٍ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ قُرْصٌ وَ صَلَّى عَلِيٌّ الْمَغْرِبَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ أَتَى الْمَنْزِلَ فَوَضَعَ الطَّعَامَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ إِذْ أَتَاهُمْ مِسْكِينٌ فَوَقَفَ بِالْبَابِ وَ قَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ مِسْكِينٌ مِنْ مَسَاكِينِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَطْعِمُونِي أَطْعَمَكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ مَوَائِدِ الْجَنَّةِ
They said, ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws stood up to a Sa’a and kneaded it and made bread from it, five discs, a disc for each one of them-asws, and Ali-asws prayed Al-Maghrib Salat with Rasool-Allah-saww, then came to the house. The food was placed in front of him-asws, when a poor man came and paused at the door and said, ‘The greetings be unto you-asws all, O People-asws of the Household of Muhammad-saww. A poor from the poor Muslims! Feed me, may Allah-azwj Feed you from the tables of Paradise!’
فَسَمِعَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع فَقَالَ-
| فَاطِمُ ذَاتَ الْمَجْدِ وَ الْيَقِينِ- | يَا بِنْتَ خَيْرِ النَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ- | |
| أَ مَا تَرَيْنَ الْبَائِسَ الْمِسْكِينَ- | قَدْ قَامَ بِالْبَابِ لَهُ حَنِينٌ- | |
| يَشْكُو إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ يَسْتَكِينُ- | يَشْكُو إِلَيْنَا جَائِعاً حَزِينٌ- | |
| كُلُّ امْرِئٍ بِكَسْبِهِ رَهِينٌ- | وَ فَاعِلُ الْخَيْرَاتِ يَسْتَبِينُ- | |
| مَوْعِدُهُ جَنَّةُ عِلِّيِّينَ- | حَرَّمَهَا اللَّهُ عَلَى الضَّنِينِ- | |
| وَ لِلْبَخِيلِ مَوْقِفٌ مَهِينٌ- | تَهْوِي بِهِ النَّارُ إِلَى سِجِّينٍ | |
| شَرَابُهُ الْحَمِيمُ وَ الْغِسْلِينُ- |
Ali-asws heard him, so he-asws said (in prose): ‘‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws, O one of glory and conviction! O daughter-asws of the one-saww better than all the people together! But, do you-asws not see the poor beggar who has come to the door? He is craving to complain to Allah-azwj and submit his complaint against us-asws. He has come grief-stricken. Every person who does good would stand tomorrow in debt for the Garden which Allah-azwj has Forbidden upon the stingy and the niggardly who will pause at the Blazing Fire. His drink would be scalding water, (remaining therein for ages and years)’.
فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع-
| أَمْرُكَ سَمْعٌ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ وَ طَاعَةٌ- | مَا بِيَ مِنْ لُؤْمٍ وَ لَا ضَرَاعَةٍ- |
Fatima-asws said: ‘‘I-asws heard your-asws instruction, O cousin-asws, and obey. I-asws will not be accused for menial food, (nor do I-asws want lowliness due to it, and I-asws hope that we-asws all should participate together in the good and enter the Paradise regarding intercession)’.
وَ أَعْطَوْهُ الطَّعَامَ وَ مَكَثُوا لَيْلَتَهُمْ لَمْ يَذُوقُوا إِلَّا الْمَاءَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْيَوْمُ الثَّانِي طَحَنَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع صَاعاً وَ اخْتَبَزَتْهُ وَ أَتَى عَلِيٌّ ع مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ وَضَعَ الطَّعَامُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ
And they-asws gave him the food, and they-asws remain during their night not tasting anything except the water. When it was the second day, (Syeda) Fatima-asws ground a Sa’a (of barley) and made bread from it, and Ali-asws came (back) from the Salat, and the food was placed in front of him-asws.
فَأَتَاهُمْ يَتِيمٌ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ يَتِيمٌ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ اسْتُشْهِدَ وَالِدِي يَوْمَ الْعَقَبَةِ أَطْعِمُونِي أَطْعَمَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَلَى مَوَائِدِ الْجَنَّةِ
An orphan came to them-asws. He said, ‘The greetings be unto you-asws all, O People-asws of the Household of the Prophet-saww! An orphan from the children of the Emigrants. My father had attended the day of Al-Aqaba. Feed me, may Allah-azwj Feed you-asws all from the tables of Paradise’.
فَسَمِعَهُ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ ع فَأَعْطَوْهُ الطَّعَامَ وَ مَكَثُوا يَوْمَيْنِ وَ لَيْلَتَيْنِ لَمْ يَذُوقُوا إِلَّا الْمَاءَ الْقَرَاحَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ قَامَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع إِلَى الصَّاعِ الْبَاقِي فَطَحَنَتْهُ وَ اخْتَبَزَتْهُ وَ صَلَّى عَلِيٌّ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص الْمَغْرِبَ ثُمَّ أَتَى الْمَنْزِلَ
Ali-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws heard him-asws, and they-asws gave him the food, and remain for two days and two night, not tasting anything except the pure water. When it was during the third (day), (Syeda) Fatima-asws stood up to the remaining Sa’a (of barley). She-asws ground it and made bread from it, and Ali-asws prayed Salat Al-Maghrib with the Prophet-saww, then came to the house.
فَوَضَعَ الطَّعَامَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ إِذْ أَتَاهُمْ أَسِيرٌ فَوَقَفَ بِالْبَابِ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ تَأْسِرُونَنَا وَ لَا تُطْعِمُونَنَا أَطْعِمُونِي فَإِنِّي أَسِيرُ مُحَمَّدٍ أَطْعَمَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَلَى مَوَائِدِ الْجَنَّةِ
The food was placed in front of him-asws, when a captive came and stood at the door. He said, ‘The greetings be to you-asws O People-asws of the Household of Muhammad-saww! You (Muslims) are making us captives and are not feeding us? Feed me, for I am a captive of Muhammad-saww, may Allah-azwj Feed you-asws all upon the tables of Paradise’.
فَسَمِعَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع فَأَتَوْهُ وَ آثَرُوهُ وَ مَكَثُوا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ لَمْ يَذُوقُوا سِوَى الْمَاءِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الرَّابِعِ وَ قَدْ قَضَوْا نَذْرَهُمْ أَخَذَ عَلِيٌّ الْحَسَنَ بِيَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى وَ الْحُسَيْنَ بِالْيُسْرَى وَ أَقْبَلَ نَحْوَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُمْ يَرْتَعِشُونَ كَالْفِرَاخِ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْجُوعِ
Ali-asws heard him, and gave him, and preferred him, and they-asws remained for three days not tasting anything besides the water. When it was the fourth day, and their vow had been fulfilled, Ali-asws held Al-Hassan-asws by his-asws right hand, and Al-Husayn-asws by the left and came towards Rasool-Allah-saww, and they-asws trembling like the young chicks from the severity of the hunger.
فَلَمَّا بَصُرَ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ص قَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مَا أَشَدَّ مَا يَسُوؤُنِي مَا أَرَى بِكُمْ انْطَلِقْ إِلَى ابْنَتِي فَانْطَلَقُوا إِلَيْهَا وَ هِيَ فِي مِحْرَابِهَا تُصَلِّي قَدْ لَصِقَ بَطْنُهَا بِظَهْرِهَا مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْجُوعِ وَ غَارَتْ عَيْنَاهَا
When Rasool-Allah-saww sighted him-asws, he-saww said: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! How severe is what has worsened me-saww of what I-saww see with you-asws all! Let us-asws go to my-saww daughter-asws’. They went to her-asws, and she-asws was in her-asws prayer niche praying Salat, her-asws stomach had stuck with her-asws back (bone) from the severity of the hunger, and her-asws eyes had sunk.
فَلَمَّا رَآهَا النَّبِيُّ ص قَالَ وَا غَوْثَاهْ بِاللَّهِ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ تَمُوتُونَ جُوعاً فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ قَالَ خُذْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ هَنَّأَكَ اللَّهُ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ قَالَ وَ مَا آخُذُ يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ
When he-saww saw her-asws, he-saww said: ‘Waah! I-saww seek Help with Allah-azwj! O People-asws of the Household, you-asws are dying of hunger!’ Jibraeel-as descended and said: ‘Take, O Muhammad-saww, Allah-azwj is Congratulating you-saww regarding People-asws of your-saww Household’. He-saww said: ‘And what shall I-saww take, O Jibraeel-as?’
فَأَقْرَأَهُ هَلْ أَتى عَلَى الْإِنْسانِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ إِنَّما نُطْعِمُكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ- لا نُرِيدُ مِنْكُمْ جَزاءً وَ لا شُكُوراً إِلَى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ.
He-as recited: ‘Didn’t there come upon the human being [76:1] – up to His-azwj Words: (They said): ‘But rather, we are feeding you for the Face of Allah, neither wanting any recompense from you nor any appreciation’ [76:9] – up to the end of the Chapter’’.[120]
قَالَ الْخَطِيبُ الْخُوارَزْمِيُّ حَاكِياً عَنْهُ وَ عَنِ الْبَرَاوِيِّ وَ زَادَنِي ابْنُ مِهْرَانَ الْبَاهِلِيُّ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَوَثَبَ النَّبِيُّ ص حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ ع فَلَمَّا رَأَى مَا بِهِمْ انْكَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ يَبْكِي وَ قَالَ أَنْتُمْ مُنْذُ ثَلَاثٍ فِيمَا أَرَى وَ أَنَا غَافِلٌ عَنْكُمْ
Al Khateeb Al Khawarizmi said narrating from him, and from Al Barawy, and increased by Ibn Mihran Al Bahily, in this Hadeeth –
‘The Prophet-saww leapt up until he-saww entered to see (Syeda) Fatima-asws. When he-saww saw what was with them-asws, he-saww was devastated upon them-asws by crying, and said: ‘You-ra are in what I-saww seeing for the last three days and I-saww am unaware about you-asws?’
فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ- إِنَّ الْأَبْرارَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْ كَأْسٍ كانَ مِزاجُها كافُوراً- عَيْناً يَشْرَبُ بِها عِبادُ اللَّهِ يُفَجِّرُونَها تَفْجِيراً قَالَ هِيَ عَيْنٌ فِي دَارِ النَّبِيِّ ص يُفَجِّرُ إِلَى دُورِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.
Jibraeel-as descended with these Verses: Surely, the righteous would be drinking from a cup, its admixture would be of camphor [76:5] A fountain, from it the servants of Allah would be drinking. He shall Make it flow in abundance [76:6]. He said, ‘It is a spring in the house of the Prophet-saww bursting forth to houses of the Prophets-as and the Momineen’’.[121]
7- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنْ فُرَاتِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع قَالَ: مَرِضَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع مَرَضاً شَدِيداً فَعَادَهُمَا سَيِّدُ وُلْدِ آدَمَ مُحَمَّدٌ ص وَ عَادَهُمَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Abu Al Qasim Al Alaqy, from Furaat Bin Ibrahim transmitting,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws were ill with severe illness, so the chief of the children of Adam-as, Muhammad-saww, consoled them-asws, and Abu Bakr and Umar consoled them-asws.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ إِنْ نَذَرْتَ لِلَّهِ نَذْراً وَاجِباً فَإِنَّ كُلَّ نَذْرٍ لَا يَكُونُ لِلَّهِ فَلَيْسَ فِيهِ وَفَاءٌ
Umar said to Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! If you-asws would make an obligatory vow for Allah-azwj, for every vow not being for Allah-azwj, so there isn’t any fulfilment in it’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع إِنْ عَافَى اللَّهُ وَلَدَيَّ مِمَّا بِهِمَا صُمْتُ لِلَّهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مُتَوَالِيَاتٍ وَ قَالَتِ الزَّهْرَاءُ ع مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ زَوْجُهَا وَ كَانَتْ لَهُمَا جَارِيَةٌ بَرْبَرِيَّةٌ تُدْعَى فِضَّةَ قَالَتْ إِنْ عَافَى اللَّهُ سَيِّدَيَّ مِمَّا بِهِمَا صُمْتُ لِلَّهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ
Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws said: ‘If Allah-azwj were to Grant well being to my-asws sons-asws from what is with them-asws, I-asws shall Fast three days consecutively’. And Al-Zahra-asws said similar to what her-asws husband had said, and there was a Berber maid-sa for them-asws, named as ‘Fizza’. She-sa said, ‘If Allah-azwj were to Grant well being to my-sa masters-asws from what is with them-asws, I-sa shall Fast three days for Allah-azwj’.
وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ نَحْواً مِمَّا مَرَّ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَخَذَ بِيَدِ الْغُلَامَيْنِ وَ هُمَا كَالْفَرْخَيْنِ لَا رِيشَ لَهُمَا يَرْتَعِشَانِ مِنَ الْجُوعِ فَانْطَلَقَ بِهِمَا إِلَى مَنْزِلِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمَا النَّبِيُّ ص اغْرَوْرَقَتْ عَيْنَاهُ بِالدُّمُوعِ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ الْغُلَامَيْنِ فَانْطَلَقَ بِهِمَا إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ الزَّهْرَاءِ ع
And he continued the Hadeeth approximately from what has passed up to he said, ‘And Amir Al-Momineen-asws held the hands of the two boys-asws, and they-asws were both (trembling) like the two chicks nor having feathers for them, out of hunger. He-asws went with them to the house of the Prophet-saww. When the Prophet-saww looked at them-asws his-saww eyes overflowed with the tears and he-saww grabbed the hands of the two boys-asws and went with them-asws to (Syeda) Fatima Al-Zahra-asws.
فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ تَغَيَّرَ لَوْنُهَا وَ إِذَا بَطْنُهَا لَاصِقٌ بِظَهْرِهَا انْكَبَّ عَلَيْهَا يُقَبِّلُ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهَا وَ نَادَتْهُ بَاكِيَةً وَا غَوْثَاهْ بِاللَّهِ ثُمَّ بِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مِنَ الْجُوعِ
When Rasool-Allah-saww looked at her-asws, and her-asws complexion had changed, and her-asws stomach had stuck with her-asws back (bone), he-saww was devastated upon her-asws kissing between her-asws eyes and called out crying: ‘Waah! I-saww seek Help with Allah-azwj!’ Then Rasool-Allah-saww cried from the hunger.
قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ أَشْبِعْ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ اقْرَأْ قَالَ وَ مَا أَقْرَأُ قَالَ اقْرَأْ- إِنَّ الْأَبْرارَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْ كَأْسٍ كانَ مِزاجُها كافُوراً إِلَى آخِرِ ثَلَاثِ آيَاتٍ
Then he-saww raised his-saww head towards the sky and he-saww was saying: ‘O Allah-azwj! Satiate the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww!’ Jibraeel-as descended and said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Recite!’ He-saww said: ‘And what shall I-saww recite?’ He-as said: ‘Recite: Surely, the righteous would be drinking from a cup, its admixture would be of camphor [76:5] – to the end of three Verses.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَضَى مِنْ فَوْرِهِ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى أَتَى أَبَا جَبَلَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا جَبَلَةَ هَلْ مِنْ قَرْضِ دِينَارٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ أُشْهِدُ اللَّهَ وَ مَلَائِكَتَهُ أَنَّ شَطْرَ مَالِي لَكَ حَلَالٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ قَالَ لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ إِنْ يَكُ قَرْضاً قَبِلْتُهُ
Then Amir Al-Momineen-asws went immediately after than until he-asws came to Abu Jabalah Al-Ansari, may Allah-azwj be Pleased from him. He-asws said to him: ‘O Abu Jabalah! Can you lend me-asws a Dinar?’ He said, ‘Yes, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! I keep Allah-azwj as Witness and His-azwj Angels that half my wealth is Permissible for you-asws from Allah-azwj and from His-azwj Rasool-saww’. He-asws said: ‘There is no need for me-asws regarding anything from that. If you can lend, I-asws shall accept it’.
قَالَ فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ دِينَاراً وَ مَرَّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ يَتَخَرَّقُ أَزِقَّةَ الْمَدِينَةِ لِيَبْتَاعَ بِالدِّينَارِ طَعَاماً فَإِذَا هُوَ بِمِقْدَادِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ الْكِنْدِيِّ قَاعِدٌ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَدَنَا مِنْهُ وَ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ يَا مِقْدَادُ مَا لِي أَرَاكَ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ كَئِيباً حَزِيناً
He (the narrator) said, ‘He handed a Dinar to him-asws, and Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws passed by the alleyways of Al-Medina in order to buy some food with the Dinar, and there he-asws was with Miqdad Al-Aswad Al-Kindy, seated upon the street. He-asws went near him-ra and greeted unto him-ra and said: ‘O Miqdad-ra! What is the matter I-asws see you-ra in this place, bleak, grieving?’
فَقَالَ أَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ الْعَبْدُ الصَّالِحُ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَ السَّلَامُ- رَبِّ إِنِّي لِما أَنْزَلْتَ إِلَيَّ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَقِيرٌ قَالَ وَ مُنْذُ كَمْ يَا مِقْدَادُ قَالَ مُنْذُ أَرْبَعٍ فَرَجَعَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَلِيّاً ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ مُنْذُ ثَلَاثٍ وَ أَنْتَ يَا مِقْدَادُ أَرْبَعٍ أَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِالدِّينَارِ مِنِّي
He-ra said, ‘I-ra am saying just as the righteous servant Musa Bin Imran-as had said: ‘Lord! I stand in need of whatever good You may Send down upon me’ [28:24]’. He-asws said: ‘And since how long, O Miqdad-ra?’ He-ra said, ‘Since four (days)’. Amir Al-Momineen-asws returned a little, then said: ‘Allah-azwj is the Greatest! Allah-azwj the Greatest! The Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww (are hungry) since three (days), and you-ra, O Miqdad-ra are (hungry) since four (days). You-ra are more rightful with the Dinar than I-asws am’.
قَالَ فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ الدِّينَارَ وَ مَضَى حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص رَآهُ قَدْ سَجَدَ فَلَمَّا انْفَتَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى كَتِفِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ انْهَضْ بِنَا إِلَى مَنْزِلِكَ لَعَلَّنَا نُصِيبُ طَعَاماً فَقَدْ بَلَغَنَا أَخْذُكَ الدِّينَارَ مِنْ أَبِي جَبَلَةَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws handed the Dinar over to him-ra and went until he-asws entered to see Rasool-Allah-saww. He-asws saw him-saww to be performing Sajdah. When Rasool-Allah-saww finished, he-saww struck his-saww hand to his-asws shoulder, then said: ‘O Ali-asws! Get up with us-asws to go to your-asws house, perhaps we-asws shall attain a meal, for it has reached us-saww that you-asws took the Dinar from Abu Jabalah’.
قَالَ فَمَضَى وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مُسْتَحْيٍ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رَابِطٌ عَلَى بَطْنِهِ حَجَراً مِنَ الْجُوعِ حَتَّى قَرَعَا عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ الْبَابَ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ أَثَّرَ الْجُوعُ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَلَّتْ هَارِبَةً قَالَتْ وَا سَوْأَتَاهْ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ كَأَنَّ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مَا عَلِمَ أَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَنَا شَيْءٌ مُذْ ثَلَاثٍ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-saww went, and Amir Al-Momineen-asws was embarrassed from Rasool-Allah-saww, and Rasool-Allah-saww had tied a stone upon his-saww belly out of hunger, until he-saww knocked the door of (Syeda) Fatima-asws. When (Syeda) Fatima-asws looked at Rasool-Allah-saww, and the impact of the hunger was in his-saww face, she-asws turned around fleeing. She-asws said: ‘Waah! Its trial from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww! It is as if Abu Al-Hassan-asws unaware that there does not happen to be anything with us-asws since three (days)’.
ثُمَّ دَخَلَ مِخْدَعاً لَهَا فَصَلَّتْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ نَادَتْ يَا إِلَهَ مُحَمَّدٍ هَذَا مُحَمَّدٌ نَبِيُّكَ وَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ نَبِيِّكَ وَ عَلِيٌّ خَتَنُ نَبِيِّكَ وَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ وَ هَذَانِ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ سِبْطَا نَبِيِّكَ
Then she-asws entered a prayer niche of hers-asws and prayed two Cycles, then she-asws called out: ‘O God-azwj of Muhammad-saww! This is Muhammad-saww, Your-azwj Prophet-saww, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Your-azwj Prophet-saww, and Ali-asws in-law of Your-azwj Prophet-saww and son-asws of his-saww uncle, and these two are Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, two grandsons-asws of Your-azwj Prophet-saww.
اللَّهُمَّ فَإِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ سَأَلُوكَ أَنْ تُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَائِدَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَأَنْزَلْتَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ وَ كَفَرُوا بِهَا اللَّهُمَّ فَإِنَّ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ لَا يَكْفُرُونَ بِهَا ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَتْ مُسَلِّمَةً فَإِذَا هِيَ بِصَحْفَةٍ مَمْلُوءَةٍ مِنْ ثَرِيدٍ وَ عُرَاقٍ فَاحْتَمَلَتْهَا وَ وَضَعَتْهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
O Allah-azwj! The Children of Israel had asked You-azwj to Send down upon them a meal from the sky, so You-azwj Sent it down to them, and they disbelieved in it. O Allah-azwj! The Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww will not disbelieve in it!’ Then she-asws turned around submissively, and there she-asws was with an earthenware pot filled from porridge and rose-petals. She-asws carried it and placed it in front of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَأَهْوَى بِيَدِهِ إِلَى الصَّحْفَةِ فَسَبَّحَتِ الصَّحْفَةُ وَ الثَّرِيدُ وَ الْعُرَاقُ فَتَلَا النَّبِيُّ ص وَ إِنْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ كُلْ مِنْ جَوَانِبِ الْقَصْعَةِ وَ لَا تَهْدِمُوا ذِرْوَتَهَا فَإِنَّ فِيهَا الْبَرَكَةَ
He-saww gestured by his-saww hand to the pot and the pot, and the porridge and the rose petals glorified (Allah-azwj), so the Prophet-saww recited: and there is nothing except it Glorifies with His Praise, [17:44]. Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Eat from the sides of the pot and do not tear its top level for there is the Blessing in it’.
فَأَكَلَ النَّبِيُّ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع وَ يَأْكُلُ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع مُتَبَسِّماً وَ عَلِيٌّ يَأْكُلُ وَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ مُتَعَجِّباً فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص كُلْ يَا عَلِيُّ وَ لَا تَسْأَلْ فَاطِمَةَ الزَّهْرَاءَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ
The Prophet-saww, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws ate, and the Prophet-saww was eating and looking at Ali-asws smiling, and Ali-asws was eating and looking at (Syeda) Fatima-asws wondering. The Prophet-saww said to him-asws: ‘Eat O Ali-asws and do not ask (Syeda) Fatima Al-Zahra-asws about anything.
الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ مَثَلَكَ وَ مَثَلَهَا مَثَلَ مَرْيَمَ بِنْتِ عِمْرَانَ وَ زَكَرِيَّا- كُلَّما دَخَلَ عَلَيْها زَكَرِيَّا الْمِحْرابَ وَجَدَ عِنْدَها رِزْقاً قالَ يا مَرْيَمُ أَنَّى لَكِ هذا قالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Made the like of you and the like of you-asws an example of Maryam Bint Imran-as and Zakariyya-as: Whenever Zakariyya entered the Prayer Niche to (see) her, he found food in her presence. He said: ‘O Maryam! From where does this come to you?’ She said: ‘It is from Allah. Surely Allah Gives to whom He so Desires to without measure’ [3:37].
يَا عَلِيُّ هَذَا بِالدِّينَارِ الَّذِي أَقْرَضْتَهُ لَقَدْ أَعْطَاكَ اللَّيْلَةَ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ جُزْءاً مِنَ الْمَعْرُوفِ فَأَمَّا جُزْءٌ وَاحِدٌ فَجَعَلَ لَكَ فِي دُنْيَاكَ أَنْ أَطْعَمَكَ مِنْ جَنَّتِهِ وَ أَمَّا أَرْبَعَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ جُزْءاً فَذَخَرَهَا لَكَ لآِخِرَتِكَ.
O Ali-asws! This is for the Dinar which you-asws had borrowed it. Tonight He-azwj has Given you-asws twenty-five segments of goodness. As for the one segment, it has been Made for you-asws in your-asws world that you-asws be fed from His-azwj Paradise, and as for the twenty-four, He-azwj had Treasured it for you-asws for your-asws Hereafter’’.[122]
8- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ رَبِيعٍ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَشُدُّ عَلَى بَطْنِهِ الْحَجَرَ مِنَ الْغَرَثِ يَعْنِي الْجُوعَ فَظَلَّ يَوْماً صَائِماً لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ شَيْءٌ فَأَتَى بَيْتَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَلَمَّا أَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ تَسَلَّقَا إِلَى مَنْكِبِهِ وَ هُمَا يَقُولَانِ يَا بَابَاهْ قُلْ لِمَامَاهْ تُطْعِمْنَا نَانَاهْ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Muhammad Bin Ibrahim, transmitting from Zayd Bin Rabie who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww had tied the stone upon his-saww belly from ‘Al-Gars’, meaning the hunger. He-saww endured one day Fasting, there being nothing with him-saww. So, he-saww came to the house of (Syeda) Fatima-asws and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. When Rasool-Allah-saww came, they-asws both climbed upon his-saww shoulders and they-asws were saying: ‘Father-saww! Tell mother-asws to feed us-asws!’
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِفَاطِمَةَ أَطْعِمِي ابْنَيَّ قَالَتْ مَا فِي بَيْتِي شَيْءٌ إِلَّا بَرَكَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
Rasool-Allah-saww said to (Syeda) Fatima-asws: ‘Feed my-saww sons-asws’. She-asws said: ‘There is nothing in my-asws house except Blessing of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
قَالَ فَشَغَلَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِرِيقِهِ حَتَّى شَبِعَا وَ نَامَا فَاقْتَرَضْنَا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَقْرَاصٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ فَلَمَّا أَفْطَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَضَعْنَاهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww pre-occupied them-asws both with his-saww saliva until they-asws were satiated and slept. So we (Ali-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws made three discs from barley for Rasool-Allah-saww. When Rasool-Allah-saww broke Fast, we-asws placed it in front of him-saww.
فَجَاءَ سَائِلٌ وَ قَالَ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ مَعْدِنَ الرِّسَالَةِ أَطْعِمُونِي مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ أَطْعَمَكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ مَوَائِدِ الْجَنَّةِ فَإِنِّي مِسْكِينٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ قَدْ جَاءَكِ الْمِسْكِينُ فَلَهُ حَنِينٌ قُمْ يَا عَلِيُّ وَ أَعْطِهِ
A beggar came and said, ‘O People-asws of the Household of the Prophet-hood and the Mine of the Message! Feed me from what Allah-azwj has Graced you-asws, may Allah-azwj Feed you-asws all from tables of the Paradise, for I am poor’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww! The poor man has come to you-asws, there is craving for him. Arise, O Ali-asws and give him’.
قَالَ فَأَخَذْتُ قُرْصاً فَقُمْتُ فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ وَ رَجَعْتُ قَدْ حَبَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَدَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ ثَانٍ فَقَالَ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ مَعْدِنَ الرِّسَالَةِ إِنِّي يَتِيمٌ فَأَطْعِمُونِي مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ أَطْعَمَكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ مَوَائِدِ الْجَنَّةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ قَدْ جَاءَكِ الْيَتِيمُ وَ لَهُ حَنِينٌ قُمْ يَا عَلِيُّ وَ أَعْطِهِ
He-asws said, ‘I-asws took a disc (of bread) and stood up and gave it to him, and I-asws returned. Rasool-Allah-saww had withheld his-saww hand. Then a second one came and said, ‘O People-asws of the Household of the Prophet-hood, and Mine of the Message! I am an orphan, so feed me from what Allah-azwj has Graced you-asws, may Allah-azwj Feed you-asws all from the tables of Paradise’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww! The orphan has come to you-asws and there is craving for him. Stand, O Ali-asws, and give him’.
قَالَ فَأَخَذْتُ قُرْصاً وَ أَعْطَيْتُهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ وَ قَدْ حَبَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَدَهُ قَالَ فَجَاءَ ثَالِثٌ وَ قَالَ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ مَعْدِنَ الرِّسَالَةِ إِنِّي أَسِيرٌ فَأَطْعِمُونِي مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ أَطْعَمَكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ مَوَائِدِ الْجَنَّةِ
He-asws said: ‘So I-asws took a disc (of bread) and gave it to him, then returned, and Rasool-Allah-saww had withheld his-saww hand. A third one came and said, ‘O People-asws of the Household of the Prophet-hood and Mine of the Message! I am a captive, so feed me from what Allah-azwj has Graced you-asws, may Allah-azwj Feed you-asws all from the tables of Paradise’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ قَدْ جَاءَكِ الْأَسِيرُ وَ لَهُ حَنِينٌ قُمْ يَا عَلِيُّ فَأَعْطِهِ
He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww! The captive has come to you-asws and there is a craving for him. Stand, O Ali-asws and give him’.
قَالَ فَأَخَذْتُ قُرْصاً وَ أَعْطَيْتُهُ وَ بَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص طَاوِياً وَ بِتْنَا طَاوِينَ مَجْهُودِينَ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ عَلى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِيناً وَ يَتِيماً وَ أَسِيراً.
He-asws said: ‘I-asws took a disc (of bread) and gave it to him, and Rasool-Allah-saww spent the night folded, and we-asws both spent the night folded, exhausted. So, this Verse was Revealed: And they are feeding the food upon His love, to a poor, and an orphan and a captive [76:8]’’.[123]
9- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ: صَنَعَ حُذَيْفَةُ طَعَاماً وَ دَعَا عَلِيّاً فَجَاءَ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ فَتَحَدَّثَ عِنْدَهُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ حُذَيْفَةُ بِنِصْفِ الثَّرِيدَةِ فَقَسَمَهَا عَلَى أَثْلَاثٍ ثُلُثٍ لَهُ وَ ثُلُثٍ لِفَاطِمَةَ وَ ثُلُثٍ لِخَادِمِهِمْ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – From Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, by his chain from Ubeydullah Bin Abu Rafie, from his father, from his grandfather who said,
‘Huzeyfa prepared a meal and called Ali-asws. He-asws came and he-asws was Fasting. He-asws discussed with him then left. Huzeyfa sent half of the porridge to him-asws. He-asws apportion it upon thirds – a third for him-asws, and a third for (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and a third for their-asws servant.
ثُمَّ خَرَجَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَلَقِيَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ مَعَهَا يَتَامَى فَشَكَتِ الْحَاجَةَ وَ ذَكَرَتْ حَالَ أَيْتَامِهَا فَدَخَلَ وَ أَعْطَاهَا ثُلُثَهُ لِأَيْتَامِهَا
Then Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws Amir Al-Momineen-asws went out, and a woman met him-asws having two orphans with her. She complained of the need and mentioned the state of her two sons. He-asws entered (the house) and gave her this for her two orphans.
ثُمَّ فَجَأَهُ سَائِلٌ وَ شَكَا إِلَيْهِ الْحَاجَةَ وَ الْجُوعَ فَدَخَلَ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ وَ قَالَ هَلْ لَكِ فِي الطَّعَامِ وَ هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكِ مِنْ هَذَا الطَّعَامِ طَعَامِ الْجَنَّةِ عَلَى أَنْ تُعْطِيَنِي حِصَّتَكِ مِنْ هَذَا الطَّعَامِ قَالَتْ خُذْهُ فَأَخَذَهُ وَ دَفَعَهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْمِسْكِينِ
Then a beggar came and complained to him-asws of the need and the hunger. He-asws entered to see (Syeda) Fatima-asws and said: ‘Is it for you-asws (to give away) the food and there would be for you-asws better than this food, food of the Paradise, upon if you-asws were to give me-asws your-asws portion from this food’. She-asws said: ‘Take it’, and he-asws handed it to that poor one.
ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِهِ أَسِيرٌ يَشْكُو إِلَيْهِ الْحَاجَةَ وَ شِدَّةَ حَالِهِ فَدَخَلَ وَ قَالَ لِخَادِمَتِهِ مِثْلَ الَّذِي قَالَ لِفَاطِمَةَ وَ سَأَلَهَا حِصَّتَهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الطَّعَامِ قَالَتْ خُذْهُ فَأَخَذَهُ فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْأَسِيرِ
Then a captive passed by his complaining to him-asws of the need and the severity of his state. He-asws entered and said to his-asws servant similar to that which he-asws had said to (Syeda) Fatima-asws and asked her (Fizza-sa) for her-sa share from that food. She-sa said, ‘Take it’. He-asws took it and handed it to that captive.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ- وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ عَلى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِيناً وَ يَتِيماً وَ أَسِيراً إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ كانَ سَعْيُكُمْ مَشْكُوراً.
Allah-azwj Revealed regarding them-asws, this Verse: And they are feeding the food upon His love, to a poor, and an orphan and a captive [76:8] – up to His-azwj Words: and your striving (which) would always be appreciated [76:22]’’.[124]
10- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ مُعَنْعَناً عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ جَارِيَةٍ لَهَا وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمْ زَارُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَأَعْطَى كُلَّ إِنْسَانٍ مِنْهُمْ صَاعاً مِنَ الطَّعَامِ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفُوا إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِمْ جَاءَ سَائِلٌ يَسْأَلُ فَأَعْطَى عَلِيٌّ صَاعَهُ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – From Ja’far Bin Muhammad, transmitting from Ibn Abbas,
‘Words of the Exalted: And they are feeding the food [76:8]. He said, ‘It was Revealed regarding Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws and a maid (Fizza-sa) of hers-asws, and that is, they-asws had visited Rasool-Allah-saww, so he-saww have given each person from them a Sa’a from the food. When they-asws left to their-asws house, a beggar came begging. Ali-asws gave his-asws Sa’a (portion).
ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ يَتِيمٌ مِنَ الْجِيرَانِ فَأَعْطَتْهُ فَاطِمَةُ الزَّهْرَاءُ ع صَاعَهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا عَلِيٌّ ع إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ يَقُولُ قَالَ اللَّهُ وَ عِزَّتِي وَ جَلَالِي- لَا يُسَكِّنُ بُكَاءَهُ الْيَوْمَ عَبْدٌ إِلَّا أَسْكَنْتُهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ
Then an orphan came from the neighbourhood, so (Syeda) Fatima Al-Zahra-asws gave him her-asws Sa’a. Ali-asws said to her-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was saying: ‘Allah-azwj Said: “By My-azwj Might and My-azwj Majesty! No servant will calm the his (orphan’s) crying today except I-azwj shall Settle him in the Paradise wherever he so desires!”’
ثُمَّ جَاءَ أَسِيرٌ مِنَ أُسَرَاءِ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ فِي أَيْدِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَسْتَطْعِمُ فَأَمَرَ عَلِيٌّ السَّوْدَاءَ خَادِمَهُمْ فَأَعْطَتْهُ صَاعَهَا فَنَزَلَتْ فِيهِمُ الْآيَةُ وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ عَلى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِيناً وَ يَتِيماً وَ أَسِيراً- إِنَّما نُطْعِمُكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ لا نُرِيدُ مِنْكُمْ جَزاءً وَ لا شُكُوراً.
Then a captive came from the captives of the people of Shirk, being in the hands of the Muslims, to be fed. So, Ali-asws instructed the black (Ethiopian) servant of theirs-asws to give him her-sa Sa’a. So the Verse was Revealed regarding them-asws: And they are feeding the food upon His love, to a poor, and an orphan and a captive [76:8] (They said): ‘But rather, we are feeding you for the Face of Allah, neither wanting any recompense from you nor any appreciation’ [76:9]’’.[125]
11- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى يُدْخِلُ مَنْ يَشاءُ فِي رَحْمَتِهِ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وَلَايَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad, transmitting,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws: ‘Words of the Exalted: He Enters one He so Desires through His Mercy, [42:8]: ‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws (is the Mercy)’’.[126]
12- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ عَلى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِيناً وَ يَتِيماً وَ أَسِيراً نَزَلَتْ فِي أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ فَاطِمَةَ ع أَصْبَحَا وَ عِنْدَهُمْ ثَلَاثَةُ أَرْغِفَةٍ فَأَطْعَمُوا مِسْكِيناً وَ يَتِيماً وَ أَسِيراً فَبَاتُوا جِيَاعاً فَنَزَلَتْ فِيهِمْ ع.
Tafseer Bin Furaat Bin Ibrahim – From Muhammad Bin Ahmad, by his chain from Ibn Abbas,
‘Regarding Words of the Exalted: And they are feeding the food upon His love, to a poor, and an orphan and a captive [76:8], ‘It was Revealed regarding Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws. They-asws woke up in the morning and with them-asws were three loaves. They-asws fed a poor, and an orphan, and a captive. They-asws spent the night hungry, so it was Revealed regarding them-asws’’.[127]
13- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب فِي تَفْسِيرِ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ ع أَنَّ قَوْلَهُ هَلْ أَتى عَلَى الْإِنْسانِ حِينٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ يَعْنِي بِهِ عَلِيّاً ع وَ تَقْدِيرُ الْكَلَامِ مَا أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ زَمَانٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ إِلَّا وَ كَانَ فِيهِ شَيْئاً مَذْكُوراً وَ كَيْفَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَذْكُوراً وَ إِنَّ اسْمَهُ مَكْتُوبٌ عَلَى سَاقِ الْعَرْشِ وَ عَلَى بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ الدَّلِيلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْقَوْلِ قَوْلُهُ- إِنَّا خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسانَ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ وَ مَعْلُومٌ أَنَّ آدَمَ ع لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِنَ النُّطْفَةِ.
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub –
‘In the Tafseer of People-asws of the Household, His-azwj Words: ‘Didn’t there come upon the human being [76:1], meaning by it Ali-asws. And appreciate the speech. There did not come upon the human being (Ali-asws) any time from the times except and he was a thing mentioned in it; and how can he-asws not be mentioned and his-asws name is Inscribed upon the Base of the Throne, and on the door of the Paradise? And the evidence upon this are the Words, His-azwj Words: Surely, We Created the human being from a uniting seed. [76:2], and it is known that Adam-as was not Created from the seed’’.[128]
14- قل، إقبال الأعمال فِي لَيْلَةِ خَمْسٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ تَصَدَّقَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ فَاطِمَةُ ع وَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الْخَامِسِ وَ الْعِشْرِينَ مِنْهُ نَزَلَتْ فِيهِمَا وَ فِي الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع سُورَةُ هَلْ أَتَى
(The book) ‘Iqbal Al Amaal’ –
‘During the night of twenty-fifth from Zul Hijja, Amir Al-Momineen-asws and (Syeda) Fatima-asws gave charity, and during the day of the twenty-fifth from it, it was Revealed regarding them-asws both and regarding Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, the Chapter ‘Hal Ata’ (Al Dahr – 76)’.
ثُمَّ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ نَحْواً مِمَّا مَرَّ فِي خَبَرِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى ثُمَّ رَوَى نُزُولَ الْمَائِدَةِ عَنِ الثَّعْلَبِيِّ وَ الْخُوارَزْمِيِّ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ ذَكَرَ حَدِيثَ نُزُولِ الْمَائِدَةِ الزَّمَخْشَرِيُّ فِي الْكَشَّافِ وَ لَكِنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ نُزُولَهَا فِي الْوَقْتِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ
Then he continued the Hadeeth approximate to what has passed in the Hadeeth of Ali bin Isa. Then he reported the descent of the meal (from Paradise), from Al-Sa’alby, and Al-Khawarizmy, then said, ‘And the Hadeeth of the descend of the meal was mentioned by Al-Zamakhshari in (the book) ‘Al-Kashaaf’, but he did not mention its descend during the time we mentioned it.
قَالَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ جَاعَ فِي قَحْطٍ فَأَهْدَتْ لَهُ فَاطِمَةُ ع رَغِيفَيْنِ وَ بَضْعَةَ لَحْمٍ آثَرَتْهُ بِهَا فَرَجَعَ بِهَا إِلَيْهَا فَقَالَ هَلُمِّي يَا بُنَيَّةِ وَ كَشَفَتْ عَنِ الطَّبَقِ فَإِذَا هُوَ مَمْلُوءٌ خُبْزاً وَ لَحْماً فَبُهِتَتْ وَ عَلِمَتْ أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ
He said, from the Prophet-saww and he-saww came during drought, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws prepared for him-saww two loaves and some meat, preferring him-saww with it. He-saww returned with it to her-asws and said: ‘Come, O daughter-asws, and uncover from the tray!’ There, it was filled with bread and meat. She-asws was amazed and knew that it had descended from the Presence of Allah-azwj.
فَقَالَ ص لَهَا أَنَّى لَكِ هذا قالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ فَقَالَ ص الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَكِ شَبِيهَ سَيِّدَةِ نِسَاءِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
He-saww said to her-asws: From where does this come to you?’ She said: ‘It is from Allah. Surely Allah Gives to whom He so Desires to without measure’ [3:37]. He-saww said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Made you-asws a resemblance of chieftess of the women of the Children of Israel’.
ثُمَّ جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ وَ جَمِيعَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ ع حَتَّى شَبِعُوا وَ بَقِيَ الطَّعَامُ كَمَا هُوَ وَ أَوْسَعَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع عَلَى جِيرَانِهَا.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww Gathered Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and gathered his-saww family members until they were (all) satiated, and the food remain just as it was, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws extended (the meal) to her-asws neighbours’’.[129]
15- كشف، كشف الغمة أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ عَلى حُبِّهِ نَزَلَ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع.
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ – Abu Bakr Bin Mardawayh –
‘Words of the Exalted: And they are feeding the food upon His love, [76:8], were Revealed regarding Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws’’.[130]
.- قال أبو حمزة الثمالي في تفسيره حَدَّثَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ أَنَّهَا مَدَنِيَّةٌ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ ع السُّورَةُ كُلُّهَا.
Abu Hamza Al-Sumali said in his Tafseer – It is narrated to me by Al-Hassan Bin Al-Hassan Abu Abdullah Bin Al-Hassan, ‘It is Medinite, it was Revealed regarding Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and the Chapter (76), all of it’’.[131]
ثُمَّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْحَمْدِ مَهْدِيُّ بْنُ نَزَارِ الْحُسَيْنِيُّ الْقَائِنِيُّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَسْكَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي نَصْرٍ الْمُفَسِّرِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَبِي حَامِدٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ السُّلَمِيِّ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي مُوسَى عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ هَارُونَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: أَوَّلُ مَا أُنْزِلَ بِمَكَّةَ اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ السُّوَرَ الْمَكِّيَّةَ بِتَمَامِهَا خَمْساً وَ ثَمَانِينَ سُورَةً قَالَ ثُمَّ أُنْزِلَتْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ الْبَقَرَةُ ثُمَّ الْأَنْفَالُ ثُمَّ آلُ عِمْرَانَ ثُمَّ الْأَحْزَابُ ثُمَّ الْمُمْتَحِنَةُ ثُمَّ النِّسَاءُ ثُمَّ إِذَا زُلْزِلَتْ ثُمَّ الْحَدِيدُ ثُمَّ سُورَةُ مُحَمَّدٍ ص ثُمَّ الرَّعْدُ ثُمَّ سُورَةُ الرَّحْمَنِ
Then he said, ‘It is narrated to us by Abu Al Hamd Mahdi Bin Nazar Al-Husayni Al Qainy, from Ubeydullah Bin Abdullah Al Haskany, from Abu Nasr Al Mufassir, from his uncle Abu Hamid, from Yaqoub Bin Muhammad Al Muqry, from Muhammad Bin Yazeed Al Sulamy, from Zayd Bin Abu Musa, from Amro Bin Haroun, from Usman Bin Ata’a, from his father, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘The first of what was Revealed at Makkah was: Read in the Name of your Lord Who Created! [96:1]’. Then he mentioned the Makkan Chapters, complete thirty-five Chapters. Then he said, ‘Then Al Baqarah was Revealed at Al-Medina, then Al-Anfal, then Aal-e-Imran, then Al-Ahzaab, then Al Mumtahana, then Al Nisa, then Zulzilat, then Al Hadeed, then Surah Muhammad-saww, then Al Ra’ad, then Surah Al Rahman;
ثُمَّ هَلْ أَتَى ثُمَّ الطَّلَاقُ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَكُنْ ثُمَّ الْحَشْرُ ثُمَّ إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ النُّورُ ثُمَّ الْحَجُّ ثُمَّ الْمُنَافِقُونَ ثُمَّ الْمُجَادَلَةُ ثُمَّ الْحُجُرَاتُ ثُمَّ التَّحْرِيمُ ثُمَّ الْجُمُعَةُ ثُمَّ التَّغَابُنُ ثُمَّ سُورَةُ الصَّفِّ ثُمَّ الْفَتْحُ ثُمَّ الْمَائِدَةُ ثُمَّ سُورَةُ التَّوْبَةِ فَهَذِهِ ثَمَانِي وَ عِشْرُونَ سُورَةً.
Then Hal Atat (Dahr), then Al Talaq, then Lam Yakun, then Al Hashr, then Iza Ja’a Nasr Allah-azwj, then Al Noor, then Al Hajj, then Al Munafiqoon, then Al Mujadilah, then Al Hujraat, then Al Tahreem, then Al Jumma, then Al Tagabhun, then Surah Al Saff, then Al Fat’h, then Al Maidah, then Surah Al Tawbah. So these are twenty-eight Chapters’’.[132]
وَ قَدْ رَوَاهُ الْأُسْتَاذُ أَحْمَدُ الزَّاهِدُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي كِتَابِ الْإِيضَاحِ وَ زَادَ فِيهِ وَ كَانَتْ إِذَا نَزَلَتْ فَاتِحَةُ سُورَةٍ بِمَكَّةَ كُتِبَتْ بِمَكَّةَ ثُمَّ يَزِيدُ اللَّهُ فِيهَا مَا يَشَاءُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ.
And it is reported by the chain of Ahmad Al Zahid, by his chain from Usman Bin Ata’a, from his father, from Ibn Abbas in Kitab ‘Al Ibzah’, and there is an addition in it,
‘And when the beginning of a Surah was Revealed at Makkah, then Allah-azwj Added in it whatever He-azwj so Desired at Al-Medina’’.[133]
و بإسناده عن عكرمة و الحسن بن أبي الحسن البصري أنهما عدا هل أتى فيما نزلت بالمدينة بعد أربع عشرة سورة.
And by his chain from Ikrimah (Bin Abu Jahl), and Al-Hassan Bin Abu Al-Hassan Al Basry,
‘They both counted (Surah) ‘Hal Ata’ (Dahr) among what were Revealed at Al-Medina after twenty four Chapters’’.[134]
وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ ص عَنْ ثَوَابِ الْقُرْآنِ فَأَخْبَرَنِي بِثَوَابِ سُورَةٍ سُورَةٍ عَلَى نَحْوِ مَا نَزَلَتْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ عَدَّ سُورَةَ هَلْ أَتَى فِي السُّوَرِ الْمَدَنِيَّةِ بَعْدَ إِحْدَى عَشَرَةَ سُورَةً.
And by his chain from Saeed Bin Al Musayyab,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘I-asws asked the Prophet-saww about the Rewards of the Quran, so he-saww informed me-asws with the Rewards of Chapter by Chapter upon an approximate of what had been Revealed from the sky’ – and continued the Hadeeth until he-saww counted Surah ‘Hal Ata’ (Dahr – 76) among Chapters of Al-Medinat after twenty one Chapters’’.[135]
باب 7 آية المباهلة
CHAPTER 7 – THE VERSE OF IMPRECATION (MUBAHILA) – (3:61)
قَالَ الشَّيْخُ الْمُفِيدُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِ الْفُصُولِ قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَوْماً لِلرِّضَا ع أَخْبِرْنِي بِأَكْبَرِ فَضِيلَةٍ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهَا الْقُرْآنُ
The sheykh Al Mufeed said in Kitab ‘Al Fusool’ –
‘One day Al-Mamoun said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘Inform me with the greatest merit of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, the Quran evidences upon it’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع فَضِيلَةٌ فِي الْمُبَاهَلَةِ قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ- فَمَنْ حَاجَّكَ فِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ فَقُلْ تَعالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْناءَنا وَ أَبْناءَكُمْ وَ نِساءَنا وَ نِساءَكُمْ وَ أَنْفُسَنا وَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَلْ لَعْنَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكاذِبِينَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Reza-asws said: ‘The merit in the imprecation (Mubahila). Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Said: So the one who argues with you in this matter after what has come to you from the Knowledge, then say: ‘Come, let us call our sons and your sons, and our women and your women, and ourselves and yourselves, then let us imprecate and make the Curse of Allah to be upon the liars [3:61].
فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع فَكَانَا ابْنَيْهِ وَ دَعَا فَاطِمَةَ ع فَكَانَتْ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ نِسَاءَهُ وَ دَعَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَكَانَ نَفْسَهُ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ قَدْ ثَبَتَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَجَلَّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَفْضَلَ فَوَاجِبٌ أَنْ لَا يَكُونَ أَحَدٌ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ نَفْسِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ
Rasool-Allah-saww called Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and they-asws were his-saww sons-asws, and called (Syeda) Syeda Fatima-asws. She-asws was in this place ‘His-saww women’, and he-saww called Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and he-asws was his-saww ‘self’, by the Judgment of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and it has been proven that there isn’t anyone from the creatures of Allah-azwj the Exalted more majestic and superior than Rasool-Allah-saww, so it obligates that there should not be anyone superior than the self of Rasool-Allah-azwj, by the Judgment of Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ الْأَبْنَاءَ بِلَفْظِ الْجَمْعِ وَ إِنَّمَا دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ابْنَيْهِ خَاصَّةً وَ ذَكَرَ النِّسَاءَ بِلَفْظِ الْجَمْعِ وَ إِنَّمَا دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ابْنَتَهُ وَحْدَهَا فَأَلَّا جَازَ أَنْ يُذْكَرَ الدُّعَاءُ لِمَنْ هُوَ نَفْسُهُ وَ يَكُونَ الْمُرَادُ نَفْسَهُ فِي الْحَقِيقَةِ دُونَ غَيْرِهِ فَلَا يَكُونَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنَ الْفَضْلِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Mamoun said to him-asws, ‘But hasn’t Allah-azwj Mentioned the sons with the plural word, and rather Rasool-Allah-saww called his-saww two sons-asws in particular, and Mentioned the women with the plural word, and rather Rasool-Allah-saww called his-saww daughter-asws alone. So is it not allowed that the calling is for one who is himself-saww, and the Intended would be himself-saww in the reality besides someone else, so there would not happen to be any merit for Amir Al-Momineen-asws what you-asws mentioned?’
قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع لَيْسَ يَصِحُ مَا ذَكَرْتَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الدَّاعِيَ إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ دَاعِياً لِغَيْرِهِ كَمَا أَنَّ الْآمِرَ آمِرٌ لِغَيْرِهِ وَ لَا يَصِحُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ دَاعِياً لِنَفْسِهِ فِي الْحَقِيقَةِ كَمَا لَا يَكُونُ آمِراً لَهَا فِي الْحَقِيقَةِ وَ إِذَا لَمْ يَدْعُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْمُبَاهَلَةِ رَجُلًا إِلَّا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَدْ ثَبَتَ أَنَّهُ نَفْسُهُ الَّتِي عَنَاهَا اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ جَعَلَ حُكْمَهُ ذَلِكَ فِي تَنْزِيلِهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘It isn’t correct what you are mentioning, O commander of the faithful, and that is because the caller rather happens to be calling to others, just as the commanders commands to others, and it is not correct that the caller be calling to himself in the reality, just as he cannot happen to be a commander for it in the reality. And when Rasool-Allah-saww did not call in the imprecation any man except Amir Al-Momineen-asws, so it is proven that he-asws is his-saww ‘self’ which Allah-azwj the Glorious has Meant in His-azwj Book, and Made that to be His-azwj Judgment in His-azwj Revelation’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِذَا وَرَدَ الْجَوَابُ سَقَطَ السُّؤَالُ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Mamoun said, ‘When the answer arrives, the question drops’’.[136]
وَ قَالَ الزَّمَخْشَرِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ الْكَشَّافِ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا دَعَاهُمْ إِلَى الْمُبَاهَلَةِ قَالُوا حَتَّى نَرْجِعَ وَ نَنْظُرَ فَنَأْتِيَكَ غَداً فَلَمَّا تَخَالَوْا قَالُوا لِلْعَاقِبِ وَ كَانَ ذَا رَأْيِهِمْ يَا عَبْدَ الْمَسِيحِ مَا تَرَى
And Al Zamakhshari said in Kitab ‘Al Kashaaf’ –
‘It is reported that when he-saww called them (Christians) to the imprecation, they said, ‘(Wait) until we return and consider. We shall come to you-saww tomorrow morning’. When they were alone, they said to Al-Aqib, and he was the opiner of theirs, ‘O Abdul Maseeh! What is your view?’
فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَرَفْتُمْ يَا مَعْشَرَ النَّصَارَى أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً نَبِيٌّ مُرْسَلٌ وَ لَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ بِالْفَصْلِ مِنْ أَمْرِ صَاحِبِكُمْ وَ اللَّهِ مَا بَاهَلَ قَوْمٌ نَبِيّاً قَطُّ فَعَاشَ كَبِيرُهُمْ وَ لَا نَبَتَ صَغِيرُهُمْ وَ لَئِنْ فَعَلْتُمْ لَتَهْلِكُنَّ فَإِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ إِلَّا إِلْفَ دِينِكُمْ وَ الْإِقَامَةَ عَلَى مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَوَادِعُوا الرَّجُلَ وَ انْصَرِفُوا إِلَى بِلَادِكُمْ
He said, ‘By Allah-azwj, you have known, O community of Christians that Muhammad-saww is a Sent Prophet-saww, and he-saww has come to you all with the decision from the matter of your companion. By Allah-azwj! No people have imprecated a Prophet-as at all and their elders have lived, nor have their young ones grown, and if you were to do so, you will be destroyed. But if you refuse except friendliness of your religion and staying upon what you are upon, then bid the man-saww farewell and leave to go to your cities’.
فَأَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ غَدَا مُحْتَضِناً الْحُسَيْنَ آخِذاً بِيَدِ الْحَسَنِ وَ فَاطِمَةُ تَمْشِي خَلْفَهُ وَ عَلِيٌّ خَلْفَهَا وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ إِذَا أَنَا دَعَوْتُ فَأَمِّنُوا
They came to Rasool-Allah-saww, and he-saww had come early morning holding Al-Husayn-asws in his-saww arms, and holding a hand of Al-Hassan-asws, and Syeda Fatima-asws was walking behind him, and Ali-asws was behind her-asws and he-saww was saying: ‘When I-saww supplicate, then say ‘Ameen’’.
فَقَالَ أُسْقُفُ نَجْرَانَ يَا مَعْشَرَ النَّصَارَى إِنِّي لَأَرَى وُجُوهاً لَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُزِيلُ جَبَلًا مِنْ مَكَانِهِ لَأَزَالَهُ بِهَا فَلَا تُبَاهِلُوا فَتَهْلِكُوا فَلَمْ يَبْقَ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ نَصْرَانِيٌّ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
The Bishop of Najran said, ‘O community of Christians! I see such faces, if they-asws were to desire Allah-azwj to move a mountain from its place, He-azwj would Move it, so do not imprecate, for you will be destroyed. There will not remain any Christian upon the surface of the earth up to the Day of Qiyamah!’
فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ رَأَيْنَا أَنْ لَا نُبَاهِلَكَ وَ أَنْ نُقِرَّكَ عَلَى دِينِكَ وَ نَثْبُتَ عَلَى دِينِنَا
They said, ‘O Abu Al-Qasim-saww! We have viewed that we will not imprecate you-asws and that we shall separate from you-saww being upon your-saww religion and we shall stay affirmed upon our religion’.
قَالَ ص فَإِذَا أَبَيْتُمُ الْمُبَاهَلَةَ فَأَسْلِمُوا يَكُنْ لَكُمْ مَا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَا عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَبَوْا
He-saww said: ‘Since you are refusing the imprecation, then become Muslims. It would be for you what would be for the Muslims, and against you what is against them’. They refused.
قَالَ فَإِنِّي أُنَاجِزُكُمْ فَقَالُوا مَا لَنَا بِحَرْبِ الْعَرَبِ طَاقَةٌ وَ لَكِنْ نُصَالِحُكَ عَلَى أَنْ لَا تَغْزُوَنَا وَ لَا تُخِيفَنَا وَ لَا تَرُدَّنَا عَنْ دِينِنَا عَلَى أَنْ نُؤَدِّيَ إِلَيْكَ كُلَّ عَامٍ أَلْفَيْ حُلَّةٍ أَلْفاً فِي صَفَرٍ وَ أَلْفاً فِي رَجَبٍ وَ ثَلَاثِينَ دِرْعاً عَادِيَةً مِنْ حَدِيدٍ
He-saww said: ‘So, I-saww shall fight you’. They said, ‘There is no strength for us for war, but we shall reconcile with you-saww upon that neither will you battle against us nor will you-saww frighten us, nor return us from our religion, upon that we shall pay to you-saww every year two thousand garments, a thousand during Safar and a thousand during Rajab. And thirty armours of iron’.
فَصَالَحَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ص عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ قَالَ وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِنَّ الْهَلَاكَ قَدْ تَدَلَّى عَلَى أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ وَ لَوْ لَاعَنُوا لَمُسِخُوا قِرَدَةً وَ خَنَازِيرَ وَ لَاضْطَرَمَ عَلَيْهِمَا الْوَادِي نَاراً وَ لَاسْتَأْصَلَ اللَّهُ نَجْرَانَ وَ أَهْلَهُ حَتَّى الطَّيْرَ عَلَى رُءُوسِ الشَّجَرِ وَ لَمَا حَالَ الْحَوْلُ عَلَى النَّصَارَى كُلِّهِمْ حَتَّى يَهْلِكُوا.
The Prophet-saww reconciled with them upon that and said: ‘By the One-azwj in Whose Hand is my-saww soul! The destruction had shaded upon the people of Najran, and if they had been cursed, they would have been morphed into monkeys and pigs, and the valley would have rained fire upon them, and Allah-azwj would have Eradicated Najran and its inhabitants, to the extent of the birds on top of the trees, and not even a year would have passed upon the Christians until they would have all been destroyed!’’[137]
وَ قَالَ السَّيِّدُ بْنُ طَاوُسٍ فِي الطَّرَائِفِ ذَكَرَ النَّقَّاشُ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ شِفَاءِ الصُّدُورِ مَا هَذَا لَفْظُهُ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَقُلْ تَعالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْناءَنا وَ أَبْناءَكُمْ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ جَاءَتِ الْأَخْبَارُ بِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَخَذَ بِيَدِ الْحَسَنِ وَ حَمَلَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع عَلَى صَدْرِهِ وَ يُقَالُ بِيَدِهِ الْأُخْرَى وَ عَلِيٌّ ع مَعَهُ وَ فَاطِمَةُ ع مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ
And the Seyyid Bin Tawoos said in (the book) ‘Al Taraif’, A; Naqash mentioned in his Tafseer ‘Shifa Al Sudoor’ what are these words –
‘Words of Mighty and Majestic: say: ‘Come, let us call our sons and your sons, [3:61] – Abu Bakr said, ‘The monks came, Rasool-Allah-saww held a hand of Al-Hassan-asws, and carried Al-Husayn-asws upon his-saww chest’, and it is said, ‘with his-saww other hand, and Ali-asws was with him, and Syeda Fatima-asws was from behind them-asws.
فَحَصَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْفَضِيلَةُ لِلْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع مِنْ بَيْنِ جَمِيعِ أَبْنَاءِ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَبْنَاءِ أُمَّتِهِ وَ حَصَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْفَضِيلَةُ لِفَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ بَيْنِ بَنَاتِ النَّبِيِّ وَ بَنَاتِ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ بَنَاتِ أُمَّتِهِ
So, this merit was achieved for Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws from between the entirety of the sons of People-asws of the Household of Rasool-Allah-saww, and sons of his-saww community, and this merit was achieved for Syeda Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww from between the (step) daughters-as of the Prophet-saww and daughters of People-asws of his-saww Household and daughter of his-saww community.
وَ حَصَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْفَضِيلَةُ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيٍّ ع مِنْ بَيْنِ أَقَارِبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ أُمَّتِهِ بِأَنْ جَعَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَنَفْسِهِ يَقُولُ وَ أَنْفُسَنا وَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ.
And this merit was achieved for Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws from between the relatives of Rasool-Allah-azwj, and from his-saww family members, and his-saww community, by that Rasool-Allah-saww made him-asws to be like his-saww ‘self’. He-saww Said: and ourselves and yourselves, [3:61]’’.[138]
جرير عن الأعمش قال كانت المباهلة ليلة إحدى و عشرين من ذي الحجة و كان تزويج فاطمة لعلي بن أبي طالب ع يوم خمسة و عشرين من ذي الحجة و كان يوم غدير خم يوم ثمانية عشر من ذي الحجة.
Jareer, from Al Amsh who said, ‘
‘The imprecation happened on the night of twenty-first of Zul Hijja, and the marriage of Syeda Fatima-asws to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws happened on the twenty-fifth of Zul Hijja, and the Day of Ghadeer on the eighteenth of Zul Hijja’’.[139]
و من ذلك. ما رواه مسلم في صحيحه من طرق فمنها في الجزء الرابع في باب فضائل أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب ع في ثالث كراس من أوله من الكتاب الذي نقل الحديث منه في تفسير قوله تعالى فَمَنْ حَاجَّكَ فِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ فَقُلْ تَعالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْناءَنا وَ أَبْناءَكُمْ وَ نِساءَنا وَ نِساءَكُمْ وَ أَنْفُسَنا وَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَلْ لَعْنَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكاذِبِينَ
And from that is what is reported by Muslim in his (book) ‘Saheeh’ from (several) ways, from these is in the fourth volume in the chapter of merits of Amir Al-Momineen Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws in the third page from its first of the book which the Hadeeth has been copied from –
‘In interpretation of Words of the Exalted: So the one who argues with you in this matter after what has come to you from the Knowledge, then say: ‘Come, let us call our sons and your sons, and our women and your women, and ourselves and yourselves, then let us imprecate and make the Curse of Allah to be upon the liars [3:61].
فَرَفَعَ مُسْلِمٌ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ هُوَ طَوِيلٌ يَتَضَمَّنُ عِدَّةَ فَضَائِلَ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع خَاصَّةً يَقُولُ فِي آخِرِهِ وَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ حَسَناً وَ حُسَيْناً وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي.
Muslim raised the Hadeeth to the Prophet-saww, and it is lengthy inclusive of a number of merits for Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws in particular, saying in its end, ‘And when this Verse was Revealed, Rasool-Allah-saww called Ali-asws, and Syeda Fatima-asws, and Hassan-asws and Husayn-asws , said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are People-asws of my-saww Household’’.[140]
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ الثَّعْلَبِيِّ زِيَادَةٌ فِي آخِرِ حَدِيثِهِ وَ هِيَ قَالَ وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِنَّ الْعَذَابَ قَدْ تَدَلَّى عَلَى أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ وَ لَوْ لَاعَنُوا لَمُسِخُوا قِرَدَةً وَ خَنَازِيرَ وَ لَاضْطَرَمَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْوَادِي نَاراً وَ لَاسْتَأْصَلَ اللَّهُ نَجْرَانَ وَ أَهْلَهُ حَتَّى الطَّيْرَ عَلَى الشَّجَرِ وَ لَمَا حَالَ الْحَوْلُ عَلَى النَّصَارَى كُلِّهِمْ حَتَّى هَلَكُوا
And in a report of Al-Sa’alby, there is an addition at the end of his Hadeeth, and it is, ‘He-saww said: ‘By the One-azwj in Whose Hand is my-asws soul! The Punishment had hovered upon people of Najran, and if they had been cursed, they would have been morphed into monkeys and pigs, and the valley would have rained fired upon them, and Allah-azwj would have Eradicated Najran and its people to the extent of the birds upon the tree, and not a year would have turned upon the Christians, all of them, until they would have been destroyed’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِنَّ هذا لَهُوَ الْقَصَصُ الْحَقُ وَ ما مِنْ إِلهٍ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ- فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِالْمُفْسِدِينَ.
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: Most surely this is the true narrative, and there is none from a god except Allah; and that Allah – He is the Mighty, the Wise [3:62] But if they turn back, then Allah Knows the mischief-makers [3:63]’’.[141]
وَ رَوَاهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ بْنُ الْمَغَازِلِيِّ فِي كِتَابِ الْمَنَاقِبِ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَدِمَ وَفْدُ النَّجْرَانِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص الْعَاقِبُ وَ الطَّيِّبُ فَدَعَاهُمَا إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَالا أَسْلَمْنَا يَا مُحَمَّدُ قَبْلَكَ قَالَ كَذَبْتُمَا إِنْ شِئْتُمَا أَخْبَرْتُكُمَا مَا يَمْنَعُكُمَا مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ قَالا هَاتِ قَالَ حُبُّ الصَّلِيبِ وَ شُرْبُ الْخَمْرِ وَ أَكْلُ الْخِنْزِيرِ
And it is reported by Al Shafie Bin Al Maghazili in Kitab ‘Al Manaqib’ from Al Shaby, from Jabir Bin Abdullah who said,
‘A delegation arrived from Al-Najran to the Prophet-saww of Al-Aqib and Al-Tayyib, so he-saww called them both to Al-Islam. They said, ‘We have become Muslims before you-saww, O Muhammad-saww!’ He-saww said: ‘You are lying! If you so like, I-saww shall inform you both what is preventing you from Al-Islam’. They said, ‘Give!’ He-saww said: ‘Love of the crucifix and drinking the wine and eating the pig’.
فَدَعَاهُمَا إِلَى الْمُلَاعَنَةِ فَوَاعَدَاهُ أَنْ يُغَادِيَاهُ بِالْغُدْوَةِ فَغَدَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمَا فَأَبَيَا أَنْ يُجِيبَا فَأَقَرَّا بِالْخَرَاجِ
He-saww called them to the cursing, but they promised him-saww for coming early morning. Rasool-Allah-saww came early morning and he-saww had held a hand of Ali-asws, and Syeda Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. Then he-saww sent a message to them, but they refused to come, and they accepted with (paying) the tribute.
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً لَوْ فَعَلَا لَأَمْطَرَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا الْوَادِيَ نَاراً
The Prophet-saww said: ‘By the One-azwj in Who Sent me-saww with the truth as a Prophet-saww! If they had done so, Allah-azwj would have Caused the valley to rain fire upon them’.
قَالَ جَابِرٌ فِيهِمْ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ نَدْعُ أَبْناءَنا وَ أَبْناءَكُمْ الْآيَةَ
Jabir said, ‘This Verse was Revealed regarding them-asws: let us call our sons and your sons, [3:61] – the Verse.
قَالَ الشَّعْبِيُ أَبْناءَنا الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ نِساءَنا فَاطِمَةُ وَ أَنْفُسَنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
Al-Shaby said, ‘our sons – are Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and our women – Syeda Fatima-asws, and ourselves, is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[142]
أَقُولُ وَ قَالَ السَّيُوطِيُّ فِي الدُّرِّ الْمَنْثُورِ أَخْرَجَ الْحَاكِمُ وَ صَحَّحَهُ وَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ وَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ فِي الدَّلَائِلِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قَدِمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص الْعَاقِبُ وَ السَّيِّدُ فَدَعَاهُمَا إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَ ذَكَرَ نَحْوَ مَا مَرَّ وَ قَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ قَالَ جَابِرٌ أَنْفُسَنا وَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَلِيٌّ وَ أَبْناءَنا الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ نِساءَنا فَاطِمَةُ ع.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘And Al Suyuti said, in (the book) ‘Al Durr Al Mansour’ – Al Hakim extracted it and corrected it, and Ibn Mardawayh, and Abu Nueym in (the book) ‘Al Dalail’, from Jabir who said,
‘Al-Aqib and Al-Seyyid arrived to the Prophet-saww, so he-saww called them both to Al-Islam’, and he mentioned approximate to what passed and said in its end, ‘Jabir said, ‘ourselves and yourselves, is Rasool-Allah-saww and Ali-asws, our sons are Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws , and our women is Syeda Fatima-asws’’.[143]
قَالَ وَ أَخْرَجَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي الدَّلَائِلِ مِنْ طَرِيقِ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ يَشُوعَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَتَبَ إِلَى أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ طس سُلَيْمَانُ بِسْمِ إِلَهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِلَى أُسْقُفِّ نَجْرَانَ وَ أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ إِنْ أَسْلَمْتُمْ فَإِنِّي أَحْمَدُ إِلَيْكُمْ إِلَهَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ
He said, ‘And Al Bayhaqi extracted in (the book) ‘Al Dalail’ from the way of Salamah Bin Abd Yashou, from his father, from his grandfather,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww wrote to people of Najran before ‘Taseen Suleyman-as’ (Surah Al-Naml) was Revealed unto him-saww: ‘In the Name of God of Ibrahim-as, and Is’haq-as, and Yaqoub-as. From Muhammad-saww, Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj to Al-Asqaf (Bishop) of Najran and people of Najran. If you become Muslims, then I-saww praise to you God of Ibrahim-as, and Is’haq-as and Yaqoub-as.
أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ مِنْ عِبَادَةِ الْعِبَادِ وَ أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى وَلَايَةِ اللَّهِ مِنْ وَلَايَةِ الْعِبَادِ فَإِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ فَالْجِزْيَةُ وَ إِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ فَقَدْ أُوذِنْتُمْ بِحَرْبٍ وَ السَّلَامُ
As for after, I-saww hereby call you to worship Allah-azwj from (instead of) worship the servants, and I-saww call you to the Wilayah of Allah-azwj from the wilayah of the servants. If you refuse, then (you have to pay) the tribute, and if you denied, so you would have accounted a war. And the greetings’.
فَلَمَّا قَرَأَ الْأُسْقُفُّ الْكِتَابَ فَظِعَ بِهِ وَ ذُعِرَ ذُعْراً شَدِيداً فَبَعَثَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ يُقَالُ لَهُ شُرَحْبِيلُ بْنُ وَادِعَةَ فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ كِتَابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَرَأَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْأُسْقُفُّ مَا رَأْيُكَ فَقَالَ شُرَحْبِيلُ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا وَعَدَ اللَّهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي ذُرِّيَّةِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ مِنَ النُّبُوَّةِ فَمَا يُؤْمَنُ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلَ لَيْسَ لِي فِي النُّبُوَّةِ رَأْيٌ لَوْ كَانَ أَمْرٌ مِنْ أَمْرِ الدُّنْيَا أَشَرْتُ عَلَيْكَ فِيهِ وَ جَهَدْتُ لَكَ
When Al-Asqaf read the letter, he was horrified by it and feared with intense fear. He sent a message to a man from the people of Najran called Shurahbeel Bin Wadiah. He handed to him the letter of Rasool-Allah-saww. He read it. Al-Asqaf said to him, ‘What is our view?’ Shurahbeel said, ‘You have known what Allah-azwj had Promised Ibrahim-as regarding his-as offspring Ismail-as, of the Prophet-hood. So, there is no safety from him-saww being that man. There isn’t any view for me regarding the Prophet-hood. If it had been from the matters of the world, I would have advised to you regarding it, and strived for you’.
فَبَعَثَ الْأُسْقُفُّ إِلَى وَاحِدٍ بَعْدَ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ فَكُلُّهُمْ قَالَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِ شُرَحْبِيلَ فَاجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَبْعَثُوا شُرَحْبِيلَ بْنَ وَادِعَةَ وَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ شُرَحْبِيلَ وَ جَبَّارَ بْنَ فَيْضٍ فَيَأْتُونَهُمْ بِخَبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
Al-Asqaf sent the message to one after another from the people of Najran. All of them said similar to the words of Shurahbeel. He gathered their view upon that they would sent Shurahbeel Bin Wadiah and Abdullah Bin Shurahbeel, and Jabbar Bin Faiz, and they would come to them with the news of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَانْطَلَقَ الْوَفْدُ حَتَّى أَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَسَأَلَهُمْ وَ سَأَلُوهُ فَلَمْ تَنْزِلْ بِهِ وَ بِهِمُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ حَتَّى قَالُوا لَهُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا عِنْدِي فِيهِ شَيْءٌ يَوْمِي هَذَا فَأَقِيمُوا حَتَّى أُخْبِرَكُمْ بِمَا يُقَالُ لِي فِي عِيسَى
The delegation went until they came to Rasool-Allah-saww. He-saww asked them and they asked him-saww, but the issue was not resolved with him-saww and them until they said to him-saww, ‘What are you-saww saying regarding Isa-as Bin Maryam-as?’ Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There is nothing with me-saww regarding him-as in this day of mine, so stay until I-saww inform you with what is to say regarding Isa-as’.
صُبْحَ الْغَدَاةِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسى عِنْدَ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ آدَمَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَنَجْعَلْ لَعْنَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكاذِبِينَ فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يُقِرُّوا بِذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْغَدَ بَعْدَ مَا أَخْبَرَهُمْ الْخَبَرَ أَقْبَلَ مُشْتَمِلًا عَلَى الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ فِي خَمِيلَةٍ لَهُ وَ فَاطِمَةُ تَمْشِي عِنْدَ ظَهْرِهِ لِلْمُلَاعَنَةِ وَ لَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِدَّةُ نِسْوَةٍ
Early morning, Allah-azwj Revealed: Surely the example of Isa with Allah is like the example of Adam [3:59] – up to His-azwj Words: and make the Curse of Allah to be upon the liars [3:61]. They refused to acknowledge with that. When it was morning Rasool-Allah-saww went out after having informed them the news, coming inclusive upon Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws in a cloth of his-saww, and Syeda Fatima-asws was walking by his-saww back, for the cursing, and on that day there were a number of wives for him-saww.
فَقَالَ شُرَحْبِيلُ لِصَاحِبَيْهِ إِنِّي أَرَى امْرَأً مُقْبِلًا إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ نَبِيّاً مُرْسَلًا فَنُلَاعِنَهُ- لَا يَبْقَى عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ مِنَّا شَعْرٌ وَ لَا ظُفُرٌ إِلَّا هَلَكَ فَقَالا لَهُ مَا رَأْيُكَ فَقَالَ رَأْيِي أَنْ أُحَكِّمَهُ فَإِنِّي أَرَى رَجُلًا مُقْبِلًا لَا يَحْكُمُ شَطَطاً أَبَداً فَقَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ وَ ذَاكَ
Shurahbeel said to his companion, ‘I see a matter coming. If this man-saww was a Prophet-saww and we curse him-saww, there will not remain upon the surface of the earth for us, neither any hair nor nail, except it would be destroyed’. They said to him, ‘What is your view?’ He said, ‘My view is that I shall let him-saww decide. So, if I see a man face to face, he-saww would not judge remotely from the truth ever!’ He said to him, ‘(Up to) you and that’.
فَتَلَقَّى شُرَحْبِيلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ إِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ خَيْراً مِنْ مُلَاعَنَتِكَ قَالَ وَ مَا هُوَ قَالَ أُحَكِّمُكَ الْيَوْمَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ وَ لَيْلَتَكَ إِلَى الصَّبَاحِ فَمَهْمَا حَكَمْتَ فِينَا فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ فَرَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَمْ يُلَاعِنْهُمْ وَ صَالَحَهُمْ عَلَى الْجِزْيَةِ.
Shurahbeel met Rasool-Allah-azwj. He said, ‘I have viewed better than cursing you-saww’. He-saww said: ‘And what is it?’ He said, ‘I shall let you-saww decide today up to the night, and your-saww night to the morning. So, whatever you-saww decide regarding us, it is allowed (acceptable)’. Rasool-Allah-saww returned and did not curse them and reconciled them upon the tribute’’.[144]
وَ أَخْرَجَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ فِي الدَّلَائِلِ مِنْ طَرِيقِ الْكَلْبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ وَفْدَ نَجْرَانَ مِنَ النَّصَارَى قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ هُمْ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَشْرَافِهِمْ مِنْهُمُ السَّيِّدُ وَ هُوَ الْكَبِيرُ وَ الْعَاقِبُ وَ هُوَ الَّذِي يَكُونُ بَعْدَهُ صَاحِبَ رَأْيِهِمْ
And Abu Nueym extracted in (the book) ‘Al Dalail’ from the way of Al Kalby, from Abu Salih, from Ibn Abbas,
‘A delegation of Christians from Najran arrived to Rasool-Allah-saww and they were fourteen men from their nobles, from them were Al-Seyyid, and he was the eldest, and Al-Aqib, and he is the one happened to be their adviser after him.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَسْلِمَا قَالا أَسْلَمْنَا قَالَ مَا أَسْلَمْتُمَا قَالا بَلَى قَدْ أَسْلَمْنَا قَبْلَكَ قَالَ كَذَبْتُمَا يَمْنَعُكُمَا مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ ثَلَاثٌ فِيكُمَا عِبَادَتُكُمَا الصَّلِيبَ وَ أَكْلُكُمَا الْخِنْزِيرَ وَ زَعْمُكُمَا أَنَّ لِلَّهِ وَلَداً
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Become Muslims’. They said, ‘We are Muslims’. He-saww said: ‘You have not become Muslims’. They said, ‘Yes, we became Muslims before you-saww’. He-saww said: ‘you are lying. Three matters in you prevents you – your worshipping the crucifix, and your eating the pig, and your alleging that there is a son for Allah-azwj’.
فَنَزَلَ إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسى الْآيَةَ فَلَمَّا قَرَأَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ قَالُوا مَا نَعْرِفُ مَا تَقُولُ فَنَزَلَ فَمَنْ حَاجَّكَ فِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ يَقُولُ مَنْ جَادَلَكَ فِي أَمْرِ عِيسَى مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ- فَقُلْ تَعالَوْا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ يَقُولُ نَجْتَهِدُ فِي الدُّعَاءِ أَنَّ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدٌ هُوَ الْحَقُّ وَ أَنَّ الَّذِي يَقُولُونَ هُوَ الْبَاطِلُ
It was Revealed: Surely the example of Isa [3:59] – the Verse. When he-saww recited it to them, they said, ‘We do not understand what you-saww are saying. So, it was Revealed: So the one who argues with you in this matter after what has come to you from the Knowledge, [3:61]. He-azwj is Saying: “The one who argues with you-saww regarding the matter of Isa-as from after what has come to you-saww from the Quran, then say: ‘Come, – up to His-azwj Words: then let us imprecate [3:61]”. He said: ‘We shall strive in the supplication whether that which Muhammad-saww has come with it is the truth, and that which they are saying, it is the false’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَمَرَنِي إِنْ لَمْ تَقْبَلُوا هَذَا أَنْ أُبَاهِلَكُمْ فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ بَلْ نَرْجِعُ فَنَنْظُرُ فِي أَمْرِنَا ثُمَّ نَأْتِيكَ
He-saww said to them: ‘Allah-azwj has Commanded me-saww that if you do not accept this, I-saww shall imprecate you all’. They said, ‘O Abu Al-Qasim-saww! But, we shall return and consider regarding our matter, then we shall come to you-saww’.
فَخَلَا بَعْضُهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ فَيُصَادِقُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ قَالَ السَّيِّدُ لِلْعَاقِبِ قَدْ وَ اللَّهِ عَلِمْتُمْ أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ نَبِيٌّ فَلَوْ لَاعَنْتُمُوهُ لَاسْتُؤْصِلْتُمْ وَ مَا لَاعَنَ قَوْمٌ قَطُّ نَبِيّاً فَعَاشَ كَبِيرُهُمْ وَ نَبَتَ صَغِيرُهُمْ فَإِنْ أَنْتُمْ لَمْ تَتَّبِعُوهُ وَ أَبَيْتُمْ إِلَّا إِلْفَ دِينِكُمْ فَوَادِعُوهُ وَ ارْجِعُوا إِلَى بِلَادِكُمْ
They were alone with each other and discussed in what is between them. Al-Seyyid said to Al-Aqib, ‘By Allah-azwj! You have known that the man-saww is a Prophet-saww. If you were to curse him-saww, you will be eradicated, and not people have cursed a Prophet-saww at all and their elders have lived and their young ones have grown. So, if you do not follow him-saww and refuse except the safety of your religion, then bid him-saww farewell and return to your city’.
وَ قَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص خَرَجَ وَ مَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ فَاطِمَةُ ع فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنْ أَنَا دَعَوْتُ فَأَمِّنُوا أَنْتُمْ فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يُلَاعِنُوهُ وَ صَالَحُوهُ عَلَى الْجِزْيَةِ.
And Rasool-Allah-saww had come out and with him-saww was Ali-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and Syeda Fatima-asws. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘If I-saww supplicate, then you-asws should say: ‘Ameen’. They refused to curse him-saww and reconciled with him-saww upon (paying) the tribute’’.[145]
وَ أَخْرَجَ ابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ وَ عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ وَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ وَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَوَاعِدُوهُ لِغَدٍ فَغَدَا النَّبِيُّ ص وَ مَعَهُ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ فَاطِمَةُ ع فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يُلَاعِنُوهُ وَ صَالَحُوهُ عَلَى الْجِزْيَةِ
And In Abu Shayba extracted, and Saeed Bin Mansour, and Abdu Bin Humeyd, and Ibn Jareer, and Abu Nueym, from Al Shaby,
‘And he continued the Hadeeth up to his words, ‘Make appointment with him-asws for early morning’. The Prophet-saww came out early morning and with him-saww was Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and Syeda Fatima-asws. They refused to curse him-saww and reconciled with him-saww upon (paying) the tribute.
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لَقَدْ أَتَانِي الْبِشْرُ بِهَلَكَةِ أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ حَتَّى الطَّيْرِ عَلَى الشَّجَرِ لَوْ تَمُّوا عَلَى الْمُلَاعَنَةِ.
The Prophet-saww said: ‘The news had come to me-saww of the destruction of people of Najran to the extent of the bird upon the tree, if they had determined upon the cursing’’.[146]
وَ أَخْرَجَ مُسْلِمٌ وَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَ ابْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ وَ الْحَاكِمُ وَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي سُنَنِهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فَقُلْ تَعالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْناءَنا وَ أَبْناءَكُمْ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ حَسَناً وَ حُسَيْناً فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلِي.
And it is extracted by Muslim, and Al Tirmizi, and Ibn Al Munzar, and Al Haakim, and al Bayhaqi in his (book) ‘Sunnah’, from Sa’ad Bin Abu Waqas who said,
‘When this Verse was Revealed: then say: ‘Come, let us call our sons and your sons, [3:61], Rasool-Allah-saww called Ali-asws, and Syeda Fatima-asws, and Hassan-asws, and Husayn-asws. He-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are my-saww family’’.[147]
وَ أَخْرَجَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ عِلْبَاءِ بْنِ أَحْمَرَ الْيَشْكُرِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- فَقُلْ تَعالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْناءَنا وَ أَبْناءَكُمْ الْآيَةَ أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ ابْنَيْهَا- الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَ دَعَا الْيَهُودَ لِيُلَاعِنَهُمْ فَقَالَ شَابٌّ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ وَيْحَكُمْ أَ لَيْسَ عَهِدَكُمْ بِالْأَمْسِ إِخْوَانُكُمُ الَّذِينَ مُسِخُوا قِرَدَةً وَ خَنَازِيرَ- لَا تُلَاعِنُوا فَانْتَهَوْا.
And it is extracted by Ibn Jareer, from Ilba’a Bin Ahmad A; Yashkari who said,
‘When this Verse was Revealed: then say: ‘Come, let us call our sons and your sons, [3:61] – the Verse, Rasool-Allah-saww sent for Ali-asws and Syeda Fatima-asws and their-asws two sons-asws Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and he-saww called the Jews to curse them-asws’. A youth from the Jews said, ‘Woe be unto you all! Wasn’t it in your past yesterday your brethren, those who had been morphed into monkeys and pigs? Do not cure’. They desisted’’.[148]
أقول روى ابن بطريق في العمدة نزول آية المباهلة فيهم بأسانيد من صحيح مسلم و تفسير الثعلبي و مناقب ابن المغازلي وَ رَوَى ابْنُ الْأَثِيرِ فِي جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ مِنْ صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ نَدْعُ أَبْناءَنا وَ أَبْناءَكُمْ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلِي.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by Ibn Batreeq in (the book) ‘Al Amdah’ the Revelation of the Verse of imprecation regarding them-asws by the chains from (the books) ‘Saheeh’ of Muslim, and Tafseer of Sa’alby, and ‘Manaqib’ of Ibn Al Maghazili, and it is reported by Ibn Al Aseer in (the boo) ‘Jamie Al Usool’, from ‘Saheeh’ of Muslim, from Sa’ad Bin Abu Waqas who said,
‘When this Verse was Revealed: let us call our sons and your sons, [3:61], Rasool-Allah-saww called Ali-asws, and Syeda Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. He-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! They-asws are my-saww family’’.[149]
وَ مِمَّا يُؤَيِّدُهُ مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ ص ابْنَايَ هَذَانِ إِمَامَانِ قَامَا أَوْ قَعَدَا.
And from what supports it from the Ahadeeth are words of the Prophet-saww: ‘These two sons-asws of mine-saww (Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws) are two Imams-asws, whether they-asws are standing (battling) or sitting (reconciling)’’.[150]
أَقُولُ وَ يَدُلُّ عَلَى كَوْنِ الْمُرَادِ بِأَنْفُسِنَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَا رَوَاهُ ابْنُ حَجَرٍ فِي صَوَاعِقِهِ رِوَايَةً عَنِ الدَّارَقُطْنِيِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع يَوْمَ الشُّورَى احْتَجَّ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَنْشُدُكُمُ اللَّهَ هَلْ فِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي الرَّحِمِ مِنِّي وَ مَنْ جَعَلَهُ نَفْسَهُ وَ أَبْنَاءَهُ أَبْنَاءَهُ وَ نِسَاءَهُ نِسَاءَهُ غَيْرِي قَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ لَا.
I (Majlisi) am saying: ‘And the evidence upon the intended by ‘Our selves’ being Amir Al-Momineen-asws is what is reported by Ibn Hajar in his (book) ‘Sawaaiq’, a report from Al Daraqutni that,
‘Ali-asws, on the day of consultation argued against its people. He-asws said to them: ‘I-asws adjure you all with Allah-azwj! Is there anyone among you closer to Rasool-Allah-saww in kinship than me-asws, and one whom he-saww made as ‘his-saww self’, and his sons and being his-saww two sons-asws, and his women as his-saww women, apart from me-asws?’ They said, ‘O Allah-azwj, no!’’[151]
وَ قَدْ وَرَدَ فِي صِحَاحِهِمْ أَنَّهُ ص قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع أَنْتَ مِنِّي وَ أَنَا مِنْكَ وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ رَأْسِي مِنْ جَسَدِي وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى بِمَنْزِلَةِ رُوحِي مِنْ جَسَدِي وَ قَوْلُهُ ص لَأَبْعَثَنَّ إِلَيْكُمْ رَجُلًا كَنَفْسِي.
And it has been reported in their (general Muslims’) ‘Saheeh’ (books) that he-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘You-asws are from me-saww and I-saww am from you-asws’. And he-saww said: ‘Ali-asws is from me-saww at the status of my-saww head from my-saww body’. And in another report: ‘At the status of my-saww soul from my-saww body’. And his-saww words: ‘I-saww shall send to you all a man-asws like my-saww self’’.[152]
باب 8 قوله تعالى وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى و نزول الكوكب في داره ع
CHAPTER 8 – WORDS OF THE EXALTED: (I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1], AND DESCENT OF THE PLANET (METEOR) IN HIS-asws HOUSE
1- لي، الأمالي للصدوق ابْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فُرَاتٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْهَاشِمِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ جُوَيْبِرٍ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: صَلَّيْنَا الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا بِوَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُ سَيَنْقَضُ كَوْكَبٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَعَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ فَيَسْقُطُ فِي دَارِ أَحَدِكُمْ فَمَنْ سَقَطَ ذَلِكَ الْكَوْكَبُ فِي دَارِهِ فَهُوَ وَصِيِّي وَ خَلِيفَتِي وَ الْإِمَامُ بَعْدِي
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Ibn Saeed, from Furat, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Hamdany, from Al-Husayn Bin Ali, from abdullah Bin Saeed Al Hashimi, from Abdul Wahid Bin Gayas, from Aasim Bin Suleyman, from Juweybir, from Al Zahhak, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘We prayed Al-Isha Salat with Rasool-Allah-saww. When he-saww greeted (finished), he-saww faced towards us with his-saww face. Then he-saww said: ‘But a planet (meteor) would drop from the sky with emergence of the dawn, and it would fall in the house of one of you. So, the one the planet falls in his house, he would be my-saww successor-asws, and my-saww caliph, and the Imam-asws after me-saww’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ قُرْبُ الْفَجْرِ جَلَسَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنَّا فِي دَارِهِ يَنْتَظِرُ سُقُوطَ الْكَوْكَبِ فِي دَارِهِ وَ كَانَ أَطْمَعَ الْقَوْمِ فِي ذَلِكَ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَلَمَّا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ انْقَضَّ الْكَوْكَبُ مِنَ الْهَوَاءِ فَسَقَطَ فِي دَارِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
When it was near to dawn, each one of us sat in his house awaiting the planet to drop in his house, and the most covetous of the people regarding that was my father Al-Abbas son of Abdul Muttalib-asws. when the dawn emerged, the planet dropped from the air and fell in the house of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِعَلِيٍّ يَا عَلِيُّ وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالنُّبُوَّةِ لَقَدْ وَجَبَتْ لَكَ الْوَصِيَّةُ وَ الْخِلَافَةُ وَ الْإِمَامَةُ بَعْدِي
Rasool-Allah-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! By the One-azwj Who Sent me-saww with the Prophet-hood! The successor-ship is obligated for you-asws, and the caliphate and the Imamate after me-saww’.
فَقَالَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ لَقَدْ ضَلَّ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي مَحَبَّةِ ابْنِ عَمِّهِ وَ غَوَى وَ مَا يَنْطِقُ فِي شَأْنِهِ إِلَّا بِالْهَوَى
The hypocrites, Abdullah Bin Ubay and his companions, said, ‘Muhammad-saww has strayed in his-saww love of the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as, and has deviated, and he-saww does not speak in his-asws glory except by the personal desire’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ خَالِقِ النَّجْمِ إِذَا هَوَى- ما ضَلَّ صاحِبُكُمْ يَعْنِي فِي مَحَبَّةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع- وَ ما غَوى وَ ما يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوى يَعْنِي فِي شَأْنِهِ- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحى.
Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed: ‘(I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1] – Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and Creator of the star is Saying: “When it swoops’ – Your companion does not err, and does not deviate [53:2] – meaning in the love of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, And he does not speak out of (personal) desire [53:3] – meaning regarding his-asws glory, Surely it is only a Revelation He Revealed [53:4]’’.[153]
وَ حَدَّثَنِي بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ شَيْخٌ لِأَهْلِ الرَّيِّ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الصَّقْرِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ بَسَّامٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْفَزَارِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ يَهْوِي كَوْكَبٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَعَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ فَيَسْقُطُ فِي دَارِ أَحَدِكُمْ.
And this Hadeeth has been narrated to me by sheykh of the people of view called Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Saqar, from Muhammad Bin Al Abbas Bin Basaam, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Haysam, from Ahmad Bin Abu Al Khattab, from Abu Is’haq Al Fazary, from his father,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws, from Ibn Abbas similar to that except he said in his Hadeeth, ‘A planet (meteor) would collapse from the sky with emergence of the sun, and it would fall in the house of one of you’’.[154]
وَ حَدَّثَنَا أَيْضاً الْقَطَّانُ عَنِ ابْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنِ ابْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ السِّجْزِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْمَشْهَدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي هَارُونَ الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ السَّعْدِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى قَالَ هُوَ النَّجْمُ الَّذِي هَوَى مَعَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ فَسَقَطَ فِي حُجْرَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ كَانَ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسُ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَسْقُطَ ذَلِكَ النَّجْمُ فِي دَارِهِ فَيَحُوزَ الْوَصِيَّةَ وَ الْخِلَافَةَ وَ الْإِمَامَةَ وَ لَكِنْ أَبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ غَيْرَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ ذلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَنْ يَشاءُ.
And it is narrated to us as well by Al Qattan, from Ibn Zakariya, from Ibn Habeeb, from Muhammad Bin Is’haq Al Kufi, from Ibrahim Bin Abdullah Al Sijzy, from Yahya Bin Al-Husayn Al Mash’hadi, from Abu Haroun Al Abdy, from Rabie Al Sa’ady who said,
‘I asked Ibn Abbas about Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: ‘(I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1]. He said, ‘It is the star which collapsed with emergence of the dawn, so it fell in the chamber of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and my father loved for that star to fall in his house so he would possess the successor-ship and the caliphate and the Imamate, but Allah-azwj Refused for that to happen for other than Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, That is a Grace of Allah. He Gives it to the one He so Desires, [5:54]’’.[155]
2- لي، الأمالي للصدوق الْقَطَّانُ عَنِ ابْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنِ ابْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا مَرِضَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَرَضَهُ الَّذِي قَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ فِيهِ اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ وَ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ حَدَثَ بِكَ حَدَثٌ فَمَنْ لَنَا بَعْدَكَ وَ مَنِ الْقَائِمُ فِينَا بِأَمْرِكَ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Al Qattan, from Ibn Zakariya, from Ibn Habeeb, from Al-Hassan Bin Ziyad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Mansour Bin Al Aswad,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘When the Prophet-saww fell ill in his-saww illness in which Allah-azwj Caused him-saww to pass away, he-saww gathered his-saww family members and his-saww companions, and they said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! If the event of death occurs with you-saww, so who would be for us after you-saww, and the one to be standing among us with your-saww matter?’
فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُمْ جَوَاباً وَ سَكَتَ عَنْهُمْ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْيَوْمُ الثَّانِي أَعَادُوا عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْلَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ مِمَّا سَأَلُوهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْيَوْمُ الثَّالِثُ قَالُوا لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ حَدَثَ بِكَ حَدَثٌ فَمَنْ لَنَا مِنْ بَعْدِكَ وَ مَنِ الْقَائِمُ فِينَا بِأَمْرِكَ
But, he-saww did not respond to them with an answer and was silent from them. When it was the second day, they repeated the words to him, but he-saww did not respond to them about anything from what they had asked him-saww. When it was the third day, they said to him-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! If the event of death occurs with you-saww, so who would be for us from after you-saww, and who will be standing among us with your-saww matter?’
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِذَا كَانَ غَداً هَبَطَ نَجْمٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فِي دَارِ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِي فَانْظُرُوا مَنْ هُوَ فَهُوَ خَلِيفَتِي عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ الْقَائِمُ فِيكُمْ بِأَمْرِي
He-saww said to them: ‘When it would be tomorrow morning, a star (meteor) would come down from the sky into the house of a man from my-saww companions. So, look who he is, for he would be my-saww caliph upon you all from after me-saww, and the one standing among you with my-saww matter’.
وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَ هُوَ يَطْمَعُ أَنْ يَقُولَ لَهُ أَنْتَ الْقَائِمُ مِنْ بَعْدِي فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْيَوْمُ الرَّابِعُ جَلَسَ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ فِي حُجْرَتِهِ يَنْتَظِرُ هُبُوطَ النَّجْمِ إِذَا انْقَضَّ نَجْمٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ قَدْ غَلَبَ نُورُهُ عَلَى ضَوْءِ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى وَقَعَ فِي حُجْرَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع
And there did not happen to be anyone among them except and he coveted that he-saww should be saying to him, ‘You are the one to stand from after me-asws’. When it was the fourth day, each man from them sat in his chamber awaiting the fall of the star (meteor). When a star (meteor) fell from the sky, its light overwhelmed over the illumination of the world until it fell in the chamber of Ali-asws.
فَهَاجَ الْقَوْمُ وَ قَالُوا وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ ضَلَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ وَ غَوَى وَ مَا يَنْطِقُ فِي ابْنِ عَمِّهِ إِلَّا بِالْهَوَى فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي ذَلِكَ- وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى- ما ضَلَّ صاحِبُكُمْ وَ ما غَوى- وَ ما يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوى- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحى إِلَى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ.
The people argued and said, ‘By Allah-azwj! This man-saww has strayed and deviated, and he-saww does not speak regarding the son-asws of his-saww uncle except by the personal opinion. So, Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed regarding that: ‘(I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1] Your companion does not err, and does not deviate [53:2] And he does not speak out of (personal) desire [53:3] Surely it is only a Revelation He Revealed [53:4] – up to the end of the Chapter’’.[156]
قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب عَنْهُ ع مِثْلَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ يُقَالُ وَ نَزَلَ فَكُلَّما جاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ بِما لا تَهْوى أَنْفُسُكُمُ.
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub –
‘From him-asws – similar to it. Then he said, ‘And it is said, and it was Revealed: so every time the Rasools came to you with what your souls did not desire, [2:87]’’.[157]
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ نَوْفٍ الْبِكَالِيِ أَنَّهُ سَقَطَ فِي مَنْزِلِ عَلِيٍّ نَجْمٌ أَضَاءَتْ لَهُ الْمَدِينَةُ وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا وَ النَّجْمُ كَانَتِ الزُّهَرَةَ وَ قِيلَ بَلِ الثُّرَيَّا.
And in a report of Nowf Al-Bakaly – ‘A star (meteor) fell in the house of Ali-asws, Al-Medina and what is around it was lit up by it, and the star was Al-Zuhra (Venus), and it is said, ‘But it is Al-Surya (Pleiades)’’.[158]
3- يل، الفضائل لابن شاذان قَالَ بَعْضُ الثِّقَاتِ اجْتَمَعَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي عَامِ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ مِنْ شَأْنِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ إِذَا اسْتَقَامَ أَمْرُهُمْ أَنْ يَدُلُّوا عَلَى وَصِيٍّ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ يَقُومُ بِأَمْرِهِمْ
(The book) ‘Al Fazail’ of Ibn Shazan – ‘One of the reliable ones said,
‘The companions of Rasool-Allah-saww in the year of conquest of Makkah. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘From the glory of the Prophets-as is when their-asws matter is straight and they point upon a successor-as to be from after them-as standing with their-as matters’.
فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ وَعَدَنِي أَنْ يُبَيِّنَ لِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ وَصِيّاً مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ الْخَلِيفَةَ الَّذِي يَقُومُ بِأَمْرِي بِآيَةٍ تَنْزِلُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ
He-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted has Promised me-saww that He-azwj would Clarify a successor-asws to be for me-saww from after me-saww, this night, and the caliph who would be standing with my-saww matters, by a Sign descending from the sky’.
فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ النَّاسُ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ وَ دَخَلُوا الْبُيُوتَ وَ كَانَتْ لَيْلَةَ ظَلَامٍ لَا قَمَرٍ فَإِذَا نَجْمٌ قَدْ نَزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ بِدَوِيٍ عَظِيمٍ وَ شُعَاعٍ هَائِلٍ حَتَّى وَقَفَ عَلَى ذِرْوَةِ حُجْرَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ صَارَتِ الْحُجْرَةُ كَالنَّهَارِ أَضَاءَتِ الدُّورُ بِشُعَاعِهِ
When the people were free from Salat Al-Isha the last from that night, and they entered the houses, and it was a dark night, there being no moon, and there was a star (meteor) which was descending from the sky with mighty thunder and terrifying rays until it paused at the top of the chamber of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and the chamber became like the day, illuminating the houses with its rays.
فَفَزِعَ النَّاسُ وَ جَاءُوا يُهْرَعُونَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ الْآيَةَ الَّتِي وَعَدْتَنَا بِهَا قَدْ نَزَلَتْ وَ هُوَ نَجْمٌ وَ قَدْ نَزَلَ عَلَى ذِرْوَةِ دَارِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ
The people panicked and came sprinting to Rasool-Allah-saww and saying, ‘The Sign which you-saww had promised us with has descended and it is a star (meteor), and it has descended on top of the house of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص فَهُوَ الْخَلِيفَةُ مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ الْقَائِمُ مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ الْوَصِيُّ مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ الْوَلِيُّ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَأَطِيعُوهُ وَ لَا تُخَالِفُوهُ
The Prophet-saww said: ‘He-asws is the caliph from after me-saww and the one standing from after me-saww, and the successor-asws from after me-saww, and the one in charge of the Command of Allah-azwj the Exalted, so obey him-asws and do not oppose him-asws’.
فَخَرَجُوا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَقَالَ الْأَوَّلُ لِلثَّانِي مَا يَقُولُ فِي ابْنِ عَمِّهِ إِلَّا بِالْهَوَى وَ قَدْ رَكِبَتْهُ الْغَوَايَةُ فِيهِ حَتَّى لَوْ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَهُ نَبِيّاً مِنْ بَعْدِهِ لَفَعَلَ
They went out from his-saww presence. The first (Abu Bakr) said to the second (Umar), ‘He-saww is not saying regarding the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as except by the personal opinion, and he-saww is deviating regarding him-asws to the extent that if he-asws wanted him-saww to make him-asws a Prophet-as from after him-saww, he-saww would do so’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى- ما ضَلَّ صاحِبُكُمْ وَ ما غَوى- وَ ما يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوى- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحى- عَلَّمَهُ شَدِيدُ الْقُوى.
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: ‘(I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1] Your companion does not err, and does not deviate [53:2] And he does not speak out of (personal) desire [53:3] Surely it is only a Revelation He Revealed [53:4] The Mighty of Strength Taught him [53:5]’’.[159]
4- فض، كتاب الروضة يل، الفضائل لابن شاذان بِالْإِسْنَادِ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أُعْطِيَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ خَمْسَ خِصَالٍ لَوْ كَانَ لِي وَاحِدَةٌ لَكَانَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ قَالُوا وَ مَا هِيَ يَا عُمَرُ
Kitab ‘Al Rowza’ (and) ‘Al Fazaail’ of Ibn Shazan, by the chain, raising it to Umar Bin Al Khattab having said,
‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws has been given five qualities if even one (of these) were to be for me, it would be more beloved to me that the world and the Hereafter’. They said, ‘And what are these, O Umar?’
قَالَ الْأُولَى تَزْوِيجُهُ بِفَاطِمَةَ ع وَ فَتْحُ بَابِهِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ حِينَ سُدَّتْ أَبْوَابُنَا وَ انْقِضَاضُ النَّجْمِ فِي حُجْرَتِهِ وَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَأُعْطِيَنَّ الرَّايَةَ غَداً رَجُلًا يُحِبُّ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ يُحِبُّهُ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ يَفْتَحُ اللَّهُ عَلَى يَدِهِ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ لِي ذَلِكَ.
He said, ‘The first is his-asws being married to Syeda Fatima-asws, and his-asws door being kept open to the Masjid when our doors were closed off, and dropping of the star (meteor) in his-asws chamber, and on the day of Khyber, words of Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘I-saww shall give the flag tomorrow to a man who loves Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww love him-asws’, and Allah-azwj Granting victory upon his-asws hands. By Allah-azwj! I wish that would have happened to be for me!’’[160]
5- إِرْشَادُ الْقُلُوبِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ إِلَى الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا كَثُرَ قَوْلُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَ حُسَّادُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِيمَا يُظْهِرُهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ فَضْلِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ يَنُصُّ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَأْمُرُ بِطَاعَتِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُ الْبَيْعَةَ لَهُ عَلَى كُبَرَائِهِمْ وَ مَنْ لَا يُؤْمِنُ غَدَرَهُ وَ يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِالتَّسْلِيمِ عَلَيْهِ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
(The book) ‘Irshad al Quloob’ – By his chain to,
‘Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘When the talk of the hypocrites was a lot and they envied Amir Al-Momineen-asws regarding what Rasool-Allah-saww had revealed from the merits of Ali-asws and stipulated upon it and ordered with obeying him-asws and taking the allegiance for him upon their great ones and the ones he-saww did not feel safe of his betrayal, and ordered them with the greeting to him-asws as ‘Amir Al-Momineen’;
وَ يَقُولُ لَهُمْ إِنَّهُ وَصِيِّي وَ خَلِيفَتِي وَ قَاضِي دَيْنِي وَ مُنْجِزُ عِدَتِي وَ الْحُجَّةُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِي مَنْ أَطَاعَهُ سَعِدَ وَ مَنْ خَالَفَهُ ضَلَّ وَ شَقِيَ
And his-saww saying to them: ‘He-asws is my-saww successor-asws, and my-saww caliph, and payer of my-saww debts, and fulfiller of my-saww promises, and the Divine Authority of Allah-azwj upon His-azwj creatures from after me-saww. One who obeys him-asws would be fortunate, and one opposing him-asws would stray and be wretched’;
قَالَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ لَقَدْ ضَلَّ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي ابْنِ عَمِّهِ عَلِيٍّ وَ غَوَى وَ جُنَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَفْتَنَهُ فِيهِ وَ حَبَّبَهُ إِلَيْهِ إِلَّا قَتْلُ الشُّجْعَانِ وَ الْأَقْرَانِ وَ الْفُرْسَانِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَ غَيْرِهَا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَ سَائِرِ الْعَرَبِ وَ الْيَهُودِ وَ إِنَّ كُلَّ مَا يَأْتِينَا بِهِ وَ يُظْهِرُ فِي عَلِيٍّ مِنْ هَوَاهُ
The hypocrites said, ‘Muhammad-saww has strayed regarding the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as and has deviated, and is insane. By Allah-azwj! Nothing has fascinated him-saww regarding him-asws and being loving to him-asws except that he-asws killed the brave ones, and the chiefs, and the horsemen on the day of Badr, and others from Quraysh and rest of the Arabs and the Jews, and that all what we come with and he-saww manifest regarding Ali-asws from his-saww personal opinions’.
وَ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَبْلُغُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَتِ التِّسْعَةُ الْمُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فِي دَارِ الْأَقْرَعِ بْنِ حَابِسٍ التَّمِيمِيِّ وَ كَانَ يَسْكُنُهَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ صُهَيْبٌ الرُّومِيُّ وَ هُمُ التِّسْعَةُ الَّذِينَ إِذَا عُدَّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَعَهُمْ كَانَ عِدَّتُهُمْ عَشَرَةً وَ هُمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ عُثْمَانُ وَ طَلْحَةُ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَ سَعْدٌ وَ سَعِيدٌ وَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ
And all that reached Rasool-Allah-saww until the nine mischief-makers in the earth gathered in the house of Al-Aqra’a Bin Habis Al-Tameemi, and during that time it was dwelt in by Suheyb Al-Rowmy, and these nine are the ones when Amir Al-Momineen-asws is counted with them, their number was ten and they are – Abu Bakr, and Umar, and Usman, and Talha, and Al-Zubeyr, and Sa’ad, and Saeed, and Abdul Rahman Bin Awf Al-Zuhry, and Abu Ubeydah Bin Al-Jarrah.
فَقَالُوا لَقَدْ أَكْثَرَ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي حَقِّ عَلِيٍ حَتَّى لَوْ أَمْكَنَهُ أَنْ يَقُولَ لَنَا اعْبُدُوهُ لَقَالَ فَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ لَيْتَ مُحَمَّداً أَتَانَا فِيهِ بِآيَةٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ كَمَا آتَاهُ اللَّهُ فِي نَفْسِهِ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ مِثْلَ انْشِقَاقِ الْقَمَرِ وَ غَيْرِهِ
They said, ‘Muhammad-saww has frequented too much regarding the rights of Ali-asws to the extent that if he-saww is able tell us to worship him-asws, he-saww would say so’. Sa’ad Bin Abu Waqas said, ‘If only Muhammad-saww could come to us with a Sign from the sky regarding him-asws just as Allah-azwj had Given him-saww regarding himself-saww, from the Signs like splitting of the moon and other such’.
فَبَاتُوا تِلْكَ لَيْلَتَهُمْ فَنَزَلَ نَجْمٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ حَتَّى صَارَ فِي ذِرْوَةٍ بِجِدَارِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مُتَعَلِّقاً يُضِيءُ فِي سَائِرِ الْمَدِينَةِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ ضِيَاؤُهُ فِي الْبُيُوتِ وَ فِي الْآبَارِ وَ فِي الْمَغَارَاتِ وَ فِي الْمَوَاضِعِ الْمُظْلِمَةِ مِنْ بُيُوتِ النَّاسِ فَذُعِرَ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ ذُعْراً شَدِيداً وَ خَرَجُوا وَ هُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ ذَلِكَ النَّجْمَ عَلَى دَارِ مَنْ نَزَلَ وَ لَا أَيْنَ هُوَ مُتَعَلِّقٌ وَ لَكِنْ يَرَوْنَهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ مَنَازِلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
They spent their night (like that), and a star (meteor) descended from the sky until it came to be in the top of a wall of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, hanging, illuminating in the rest of Al-Medina until its illumination entered into the house and among the camels, and in the caves, and in the dark places from houses of the people. The people of Al-Medina were astonished with intense panic and they came out, and they were not knowing that star (meteor shining) upon whose house it had descended nor where it was hanging, but they saw it upon one of the houses of Rasool-Allah-saww.
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ضَجِيجَ النَّاسِ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَ نَادَى فِي النَّاسِ مَا الَّذِي أَرْعَبَكُمْ وَ أَخَافَكُمْ هَذَا النَّجْمُ عَلَى دَارِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقَالُوا نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
When Rasool-Allah-saww heard clamour of the people, he-saww came out to the Masjid and called out among the people: ‘What is that which is scaring you and frightening you? This is the star upon the house of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws!’ They said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ أَ فَلَا تَقُولُونَ لِمُنَافِقِيكُمُ التِّسْعَةِ الَّذِينَ اجْتَمَعُوا فِي أَمْسِكُمْ فِي دَارِ صُهَيْبٍ الرُّومِيِّ فَقَالُوا فِيَّ وَ فِي عَلِيٍّ أَخِي مَا قَالُوهُ وَ قَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ لَيْتَ مُحَمَّداً أَتَانَا فِيهِ بِآيَةٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ كَمَا أَتَانَا بِآيَةٍ فِي نَفْسِهِ مِنْ شَقِّ الْقَمَرِ وَ غَيْرِهِ
He-saww said: ‘Were you not saying to your hypocrites, those who had gathered in your evening in the house of Suheyb Al-Rowmy, so they said regarding me-saww and regarding my-asws brother-asws Ali-asws, and a speaker from them said, ‘If only Muhammad-saww would come to us with a Sign from the sky regarding him-asws just as he-saww has come to us with Signs regarding himself-as, from splitting of the moon and other such’?
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ هَذَا النَّجْمَ مُتَعَلِّقاً عَلَى مَشْرَبَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ بَقِيَ إِلَى أَنْ غَابَ كُلُّ نَجْمٍ فِي السَّمَاءِ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Sent down this star (meteor) hanging upon a well-room of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and has remained until all (other) stars have disappeared in the sky!’
وَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ مُغَلِّساً وَ أَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ مَا بَقِيَ نَجْمٌ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَ هَذَا النَّجْمُ مُعَلَّقٌ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص هَذَا حَبِيبِي جَبْرَئِيلُ قَدْ أَنْزَلَ عَلَى هَذَا النَّجْمِ قُرْآناً تَسْمَعُونَهُ
And Rasool-Allah-saww prayed Salat Al-Fajr just after the end of the night, and the people came saying, ‘There does not remain any star in the sky and this star is (still) hanging around’. Rasool-Allah-saww said to them: ‘This (here) is my-saww beloved Jibraeel-as. He-as has descended (with) Quran upon this star, you listen to it’.
ثُمَّ قَرَأَ وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى- ما ضَلَّ صاحِبُكُمْ وَ ما غَوى- وَ ما يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوى- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحى- عَلَّمَهُ شَدِيدُ الْقُوى ثُمَّ ارْتَفَعَ النَّجْمُ وَ هُمْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ الشَّمْسُ قَدْ بَزَغَتْ وَ غَابَ النَّجْمُ فِي السَّمَاءِ
Then he-saww recited: ‘(I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1] Your companion does not err, and does not deviate [53:2] And he does not speak out of (personal) desire [53:3] Surely it is only a Revelation He Revealed [53:4] The Mighty of Strength Taught him [53:5]. Then the star arose, and they were looking at it, and the sun had emerged, and the stars disappeared in the sky.
فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ لَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَأَمَرَ هَذِهِ الشَّمْسَ فَنَادَتْ بِاسْمِ عَلِيٍّ وَ قَالَتْ هَذَا رَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ
One of the hypocrites said, ‘If Allah-azwj had so Desired He-azwj would have Commanded this sun to call out with the name of Ali-asws, and say: ‘This is your Lord-azwj, so worship him-asws!’
فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَخَبَّرَ النَّبِيَّ بِمَا قَالُوا وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْخَمِيسِ وَ صَبِيحَتِهِ فَأَقْبَلَ بِوَجْهِهِ الْكَرِيمِ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَ قَالَ اسْتَدْعُوا لِي عَلِيّاً مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ إِنَّ قَوْماً مِنْ مُنَافِقِي أُمَّتِي مَا قَنِعُوا بِآيَةِ النَّجْمِ حَتَّى قَالُوا لَوْ شَاءَ مُحَمَّدٌ لَأَمَرَ الشَّمْسَ أَنْ تُنَادِيَ بِاسْمِ عَلِيٍّ وَ يَقُولَ هَذَا رَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ
Jibraeel-as came down and informed the Prophet-saww with what they had said, and that was during the night of Thursday and its morning. He-saww faced by his-saww honourable face towards the people and said: ‘Call Ali-asws for me-saww, from his-asws house!’ He-saww said to him-asws: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! There is a group of hypocrites of my-saww community, they are not convinced by the Sign of the star until they said, ‘If Muhammad-saww so desired, he-saww would command the sun to call out the name of Ali-asws and say, ‘This is your Lord-azwj, so worship him-asws!’
فَإِنَّكَ يَا عَلِيُّ فِي غَدٍ بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ تَخْرُجُ مَعِي إِلَى بَقِيعِ الْغَرْقَدِ فَقِفْ نَحْوَ مَطْلَعِ الشَّمْسِ فَإِذَا بَزَغَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَادْعُ بِدَعَوَاتٍ أَنَا أُلَقِّنُكَ إِيَّاهَا وَ قُلْ لِلشَّمْسِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكِ يَا خَلْقَ اللَّهِ الْجَدِيدَ وَ اسْمَعْ مَا تَقُولُ لَكَ وَ مَا تَرُدُّ عَلَيْكَ وَ انْصَرِفْ إِلَيَّ بِهِ
O Ali-asws! You-asws are in the morning after Salat Al-Fajr. Come out with me-saww to the big tree at Baqie and pause at the emergence of the sun. So when the sun does emerge, the call with the calls I-saww shall teach you these, and say to the sun: ‘The greetings be unto you, O new creature of Allah-azwj’, and listen to what it says to you-asws and what it responds to you-asws, and leave to come to me-saww with it’.
فَسَمِعَ النَّاسُ مَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ سَمِعَ التِّسْعَةُ الْمُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ- لَا تَزَالُونَ تُغْرُونَ مُحَمَّداً بِأَنْ يُظْهِرَ فِي ابْنِ عَمِّهِ عَلِيٍّ كُلَّ آيَةٍ وَ لَيْسَ مِثْلُ مَا قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ
The people heard what Rasool-Allah-saww had said, and the nine mischief-makers in the earth heard (it as well). One of them said, ‘Muhammad-saww is not ceasing to deceive us by revealing regarding the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as Ali-asws every Sign, and it isn’t like what Muhammad-saww has said during this day’.
فَقَالَ اثْنَانِ مِنْهُمْ وَ أَقْسَمَا بِاللَّهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمَانِهِمَا وَ هُمَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ إِنَّهُمَا لَيَحْضُرَانِ الْبَقِيعَ حَتَّى يَنْظُرَا وَ يَسْمَعَا مَا يَكُونُ مِنْ عَلِيٍّ وَ الشَّمْسِ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْفَجْرَ وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَعَهُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ قُمْ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ إِلَى مَا أَمَرَكَ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَ رَسُولُهُ فَأْتِ الْبَقِيعَ حَتَّى تَقُولَ لِلشَّمْسِ مَا قُلْتُ لَكَ وَ أَسَرَّ إِلَيْهِ سِرّاً كَانَ فِيهِ الدَّعَوَاتُ الَّتِي عَلَّمَهُ إِيَّاهَا
Two of them said, and they swore by Allah-azwj the strongest of their oaths, and they are Abu Bakr and Umar, that they would be present at Al-Baqie until they look and hear what transpires from Ali-asws and the sun. When Rasool-Allah-saww had prayed Salat Al-Fajr and Amir Al-Momineen-asws was with him-saww in the Salat, he-saww faced to him-asws and said: ‘Arise O Abu Al-Hassan-asws to what Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww have commanded you-asws with it until you-asws say to the sun what I-saww said to you-asws’. And he-saww divulged a secret in which were the calls which he-saww taught these to him-asws.
فَخَرَجَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَسْعَى إِلَى الْبَقِيعِ حَتَّى بَزَغَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَهَمْهَمَ بِذَلِكَ الدُّعَاءِ هَمْهَمَةً لَمْ يَعْرِفُوهَا وَ قَالُوا هَذِهِ الْهَمْهَمَةُ مَا عَلَّمَهُ مُحَمَّدٌ مِنْ سِحْرِهِ وَ قَالَ لِلشَّمْسِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكِ يَا خَلْقَ اللَّهِ الْجَدِيدَ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws went out sprinting to Al-Baqie until the sun emerged, and he-asws hummed with that supplication with a humming they did not recognise it, and they said, ‘This humming is what Muhammad-saww has taught him-asws from his-saww sorcery’. And he-asws said to the sun: ‘The greetings be unto you, O new creature of Allah-azwj!’
فَأَنْطَقَهَا اللَّهُ بِلِسَانٍ عَرَبِيٍّ مُبِينٍ وَ قَالَتْ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا أَخَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ وَصِيَّهُ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ الْأَوَّلُ وَ الْآخِرُ وَ الظَّاهِرُ وَ الْباطِنُ وَ أَنَّكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ أَخُو رَسُولِهِ حَقّاً
Allah-azwj Cause it to speak with a clear Arabic tongue and it said, ‘The greetings be unto you-asws, O brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww and his-saww successor-asws. You-asws are the First and the Last, and the Apparent and the Hidden, [57:3], and you-asws are a servant of Allah-azwj and brother-asws of His-azwj Rasool-saww truly!’
فَارْتَعَدُوا وَ اخْتَلَطَتْ عُقُولُهُمْ وَ انْكَفَئُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مُسْوَدَّةً وُجُوهُهُمْ تَفِيضُ أَنْفُسُهُمْ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا هَذَا الْعَجَبُ الْعَجِيبُ لَمْ نَسْمَعْ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ لَا مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ لَا فِي الْأُمَمِ الْغَابِرَةِ الْقَدِيمَةِ كُنْتَ تَقُولُ لَنَا إِنَّ عَلِيّاً لَيْسَ بِبَشَرٍ وَ هُوَ رَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ
They trembled and their intellects were confused and they retreated to Rasool-Allah-saww darkened of faces, raging in themselves. They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! How strange is this! The strangeness we have not heard, neither from the former ones nor from the Messengers-as, nor among the previous communities, the ancient. You-saww had said to us that Ali-asws isn’t a mortal (person) and he-asws is your Lord-azwj, so worship him-asws’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ بِمَحْضَرٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ فِي مَسْجِدِهِ تَقُولُونَ مَا قَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَ تَشْهَدُونَ بِمَا سَمِعْتُمْ قَالُوا يَحْضُرُ عَلِيٌّ فَيَقُولُ فَنَسْمَعُ وَ نَشْهَدُ بِمَا قَالَ لِلشَّمْسِ وَ مَا قَالَتْ لَهُ الشَّمْسُ
Rasool-Allah-saww said to them in presence of the people in his-saww Masjid: ‘You are saying what the sun said, and you are testifying with what you heard?’ They said, ‘Present Ali-asws, so he-asws would say, and we shall listen and testify with what he-asws said to the sun and what the sun had said to him-asws’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا بَلْ تَقُولُونَ فَقَالُوا قَالَ عَلِيٌّ لِلشَّمْسِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكِ يَا خَلْقَ اللَّهِ الْجَدِيدَ بَعْدَ أَنْ هَمْهَمَ هَمْهَمَةً تَزَلْزَلَتْ مِنْهَا الْبَقِيعُ فَأَجَابَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ وَ قَالَتْ وَ عَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ يَا أَخَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ وَصِيَّهُ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ الْأَوَّلُ وَ الْآخِرُ وَ الظَّاهِرُ وَ الْباطِنُ وَ أَنَّكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَقّاً
Rasool-Allah-saww said to them: ‘No, but you say’. They said, ‘Ali-asws said to the sun: ‘The greetings be unto you, O new creature of Allah-azwj’, after having hummed a humming Al-Baqie had shook from it. The sun answered him-asws and said, ‘And upon you-asws be the greetings, O brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww and his-saww successor-asws! I testify that you-asws are the First and the Last, and the Apparent and the Hidden, [57:3], and you-asws are a servant of Allah-azwj and brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww truly!’
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي خَصَّنَا بِمَا تَجْهَلُونَ وَ أَعْطَانَا مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَدْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي وَاخَيْتُ عَلِيّاً دُونَكُمْ وَ أَشْهَدْتُكُمْ أَنَّهُ وَصِيِّي فَمَا ذَا أَنْكَرْتُمْ عَسَاكُمْ تَقُولُونَ مَا قَالَتْ لَهُ الشَّمْسُ إِنَّكَ الْأَوَّلُ وَ الْآخِرُ وَ الظَّاهِرُ وَ الْباطِنُ
Rasool-Allah-saww said to them: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Specialised us-asws with what you are ignorant of and Gave us-asws what you are not knowing’. Then he-saww said: ‘You have known that I-saww established brother-hood with Ali-asws besides you all, and I-saww testify to you that he-asws is my-saww successor-asws. So, what is that you are denying, perhaps you are saying (about) what the sun said to him-asws: you-asws are the First and the Last, and the Apparent and the Hidden, [57:3]?’
قَالُوا نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لِأَنَّكَ أَخْبَرْتَنَا بِأَنْ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْأَوَّلُ وَ الْآخِرُ وَ الظَّاهِرُ وَ الْباطِنُ فِي كِتَابِهِ الْمُنْزَلِ عَلَيْكَ
They said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww, because you-saww had informed us that Allah-azwj He is the First and the Last, and the Apparent and the Hidden, [57:3], in the Book Revealed unto you-saww’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَيْحَكُمْ وَ أَنَّى لَكُمْ بِعِلْمِ مَا قَالَتْ لَهُ الشَّمْسُ أَمَّا قَوْلُهَا إِنَّكَ الْأَوَّلُ فَصَدَقَتْ إِنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ مِمَّنْ دَعَوْتُهُ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَ خَدِيجَةُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Woe be unto you all! And I-saww am with the knowledge of what the sun said to him-asws. As for its words, ‘You-asws are the first’, so it spoke the truth. He-asws is the first one to believe in Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww from the ones I-saww had called to the Eman, from the men, and Khadeeja-asws from the women.
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهَا الْآخِرُ فَإِنَّهُ آخِرُ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ وَ أَنَا خَاتَمُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ خَاتَمُ الرُّسُلِ
And as for its words, ‘The last’, so he-asws is last of the successors-as and I-saww am last of the Prophets-as, and last of the Messengers-as.
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهَا الظَّاهِرُ فَإِنَّهُ ظَهَرَ عَلَى كُلِّ مَا أَعْطَانِيَ اللَّهُ مِنْ عِلْمِهِ فَمَا عَلِمَهُ مَعِي غَيْرُهُ وَ لَا يَعْلَمُهُ بَعْدِي سِوَاهُ وَ مَنِ ارْتَضَاهُ لِسِرِّهِ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ
And as for its words, ‘The apparent’, it is apparent to him-asws all what Allah-azwj has Given me-asws from His-azwj Knowledge, so his-asws knowledge with mine-asws is not something else, nor will anyone know it after me-saww besides him-asws and the ones He-azwj Selects for His-azwj secrets from his-asws sons-asws.
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهَا الْبَاطِنُ فَهُوَ وَ اللَّهِ الْبَاطِنُ عَلَى الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ الْآخِرِينَ وَ سَائِرِ الْكُتُبِ الْمُنْزَلَةِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّينَ وَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ مَا زَادَنِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مِنْ عِلْمِ مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمُوهُ وَ فَضْلِ مَا لَمْ يُعْطَوْهُ فَمَا ذَا تُنْكِرُونَ
And as for its words: ‘The hidden’, so by Allah-azwj, he-asws is the hidden (esoteric) of the former ones and the latter ones, and rest of the Books Revealed unto the Prophets-as and the Messengers-as, and Allah-azwj the Exalted has not Increased me-saww from the knowledge what He-azwj did not Teach him-asws, and Graced (detail of) what He-azwj did not Give. So, what is that you are denying?’
فَقَالُوا بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ نَحْنُ نَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ عَلِمْنَا مَا تَعْلَمُ لَسَقَطَ الْإِقْرَارُ بِالْفَضْلِ لَكَ وَ لِعَلِيٍّ فَاسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ لَنَا
They said in their entirety, ‘We seek Forgiveness of Allah-azwj, O Rasool-Allah-saww! If we had known what you-saww know, the acceptance would have occurred with the merit for you-asws and for Ali-asws. So, seek Forgiveness of Allah-azwj for us’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ- سَواءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَسْتَغْفَرْتَ لَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ لَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفاسِقِينَ وَ هَذَا فِي سُورَةِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فَهَذَا مِنْ دَلَائِلِهِ ع.
Allah-azwj the Glorious Revealed: It is same upon them, whether you seek Forgiveness for them or do not seek Forgiveness for them, Allah will never Forgive them; surely Allah does not Guide the mischief-making people [63:6], and this is in Surah Al Munafiqeen, and this is from his-asws evidence’’.[161]
6- مد، العمدة مَنَاقِبُ ابْنِ الْمَغَازِلِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَلَفٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْمَالِكِيِّ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الطَّائِيِّ عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ غَسَّانَ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: انْقَضَّ كَوْكَبٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص انْظُرُوا إِلَى هَذَا الْكَوْكَبِ فَمَنِ انْقَضَّ فِي دَارِهِ فَهُوَ الْخَلِيفَةُ مِنْ بَعْدِي فَنَظَرُوا فَإِذَا قَدِ انْقَضَ فِي مَنْزِلِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى.
(The book) ‘Al Amdah’ (and) ‘Manaqib’ – From Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Khalaf, from Al-Husayn Bin Ahmad, from Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Sahl, from Ibn Ahmad Al Maliki, from Rabie Bin Muhammad Al Taie, from Sowban, from Dawood, from Malik Bin Gassan, from Sabit, from Anas (well known fabricator) who said,
‘A star (meteor) swooped during the era of Rasool-Allah-saww. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Look at this star (meteor), so the one in whose house it drops, he is the caliph from after me-saww’. They looked and there it had dropped in the house of Ali-asws. So, Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: ‘(I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1]’’.[162]
7- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ بَيْنَا النَّبِيُّ جَالِسٌ إِذْ قَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ مَنْ أَخْيَرُ النَّاسِ بَعْدَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَأَشَارَ إِلَى نَجْمٍ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ مَنْ سَقَطَ هَذَا النَّجْمُ فِي دَارِهِ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ja’far Bin Muhammad transmitting from Ayesha (well known fabricatress) having said,
‘While the Prophet-saww was seated when one of his-saww companions said to him-saww, ‘Who is best of the people after you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww indicated to a star in the sky and said: ‘The one in whose house this star falls to’.
فَقَالَ الْقَوْمُ فَمَا بَرِحْنَا حَتَّى سَقَطَ النَّجْمُ فِي دَارِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ مَا أَشَدَّ مَا رَفَعَ بِضَبْعِ ابْنِ عَمِّهِ
The people said, ‘We did not move away until the star (meteor) fell in the house of Ali-asws. He-saww said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. One of his-saww companions said, ‘How intensely he-saww raises the praise of the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as!’
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى- ما ضَلَّ صاحِبُكُمْ وَ ما غَوى مُحَمَّدٌ ص- وَ ما يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوى فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحى أَنَا أَوْحَيْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ.
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: ‘(I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1] Your companion does not err, and does not deviate [53:2] – Muhammad-saww, And he does not speak out of (personal) desire [53:3] – regarding Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, Surely it is only a Revelation He Revealed [53:4] – I-azwj have Revealed it to him-saww’’.[163]
8- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدٍ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: انْقَضَّ نَجْمٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَنْ وَقَعَ هَذَا النَّجْمُ فِي دَارِهِ فَهُوَ الْخَلِيفَةُ فَوَقَعَ النَّجْمُ فِي دَارِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ قُرَيْشٌ ضَلَّ مُحَمَّدٌ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى- ما ضَلَّ صاحِبُكُمْ وَ ما غَوى- وَ ما يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوى- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحى.
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Abu Al-Hassan Ahmad Bin Salih Al Hamdani, transmitting from Abdullah Bin Bureyd Al Aslamy, from his father who said,
‘A star swooped in the era of Rasool-Allah-saww. The Prophet-saww said: ‘The one in whose house this star falls in, he is the caliph’. The star fell in the house of Ali-asws. Quraysh said, ‘Muhammad-saww has strayed’. Allah-azwj Revealed: ‘(I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1] Your companion does not err, and does not deviate [53:2] And he does not speak out of (personal) desire [53:3] Surely it is only a Revelation He Revealed [53:4]’’.[164]
9- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ نَوْفٍ الْبِكَالِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: جَاءَتْ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ انْصِبْ لَنَا عَلَماً يَكُونُ لَنَا مِنْ بَعْدِكَ لِنَهْتَدِيَ وَ لَا نَضِلَّ كَمَا ضَلَّتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ بَعْدَ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ فَقَدْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ سُبْحَانَهُ إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَ إِنَّهُمْ مَيِّتُونَ وَ لَسْنَا لِنَطْمَعَ أَنْ تُعَمَّرَ فِينَا مَا عُمِّرَ نُوحٌ فِي قَوْمِهِ وَ قَدْ عَرَفْتَ مُنْتَهَى أَجَلِكَ وَ نُرِيدُ أَنْ نَهْتَدِيَ وَ لَا نَضِلَّ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim p Ali Bin Ahmad Al Shaybani transmitting from Nowf Al Bakali,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws: ‘A group of Quraysh came to the Prophet-saww. They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Install a flag for us who would happen to be for us after you-asws we can be guided and not stray, just as the children of Israel have strayed after Musa-as Bin Imran-as. Your-saww Lord-azwj, the Glorious, has Said: You shall pass away and they would be dying [39:30], and we aren’t hoping that you-saww would live among us what Noah-as had lived among his-as people, and we have recognised the end of your-saww term, and we want to be guided and not stray’.
قَالَ إِنَّكُمْ قَرِيبُو عَهْدٍ بِالْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَ فِي قُلُوبِ أَقْوَامٍ أَضْغَانٌ وَ عَسَيْتَ إِنْ فَعَلْتَ أَنْ لَا تَقْبَلُوا وَ لَكِنْ مَنْ كَانَ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ آيَةٌ مِنْ غَيْرِ ضَيْرٍ فَهُوَ صَاحِبُ الْحَقِّ
He-saww said: ‘You all are closer to the era of the ignorance (pre-Islamic period), and there are grudges in the hearts of people, and perhaps if I-saww do so, you will not be accepting, but the one in whose house would be a Sign from without any harm, so he is owner of the right (of being a successor)’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى النَّبِيُّ ص الْعِشَاءَ وَ انْصَرَفَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ سَقَطَ فِي مَنْزِلِي نَجْمٌ أَضَاءَتْ لَهُ الْمَدِينَةُ وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا وَ انْفَلَقَ بِأَرْبَعِ فِلَقٍ وَ انْشَعَبَ فِي كُلِّ شِعْبٍ فِلْقَةٌ مِنْ غَيْرِ ضَيْرٍ
He-asws said: ‘When the Prophet-saww had prayed Al Isha Salat and left to go to his-saww house, a star fell in my-saww house, Al-Medina and what is around it was illuminated by it and split into four splits, and a split it spread it every mountain pass from without harm’.
قَالَ نَوْفٌ قَالَ لِي جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ أَصَرُّوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ أَمْسَكُوا فَلَمَّا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى نَبِيِّهِ أَنِ ارْفَعْ بِضَبْعِ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ قَالَ يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ أَخَافُ مِنْ تَشَتُّتِ قُلُوبِ الْقَوْمِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ- يا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ ما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَما بَلَّغْتَ رِسالَتَهُ وَ اللَّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ
Nowf said, ‘Jabir Bin Abdullah said to me, ‘The people persisted upon that and they withheld. When Allah-azwj Revealed to His-azwj Prophet-saww: ‘Raise the praise of the son-asws of your-saww uncle-as’. He-saww said: ‘O Jibraeel-as! I-saww fear from the dispersion of the hearts of the people’. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-saww: ‘O you Rasool! Deliver what has been Revealed unto you from your Lord; and if you don’t do so, then you have not delivered His Message, and Allah will Protect you from the people. [5:67].
فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ص بِلَالًا أَنْ يُنَادِيَ بِ الصَّلَاةَ جَامِعَةً فَاجْتَمَعَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَ الْأَنْصَارُ فَصَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ لَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ الشَّرَفُ صُفُّوا صُفُوفَكُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْعَرَبِ لَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ الشَّرَفُ صُفُّوا صُفُوفَكُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمَوَالِي لَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ الشَّرَفُ صُفُّوا صُفُوفَكُمْ
The Prophet-saww instructed Bilal to call for the congregational Salat, so the Emigrants and the Helpers gathered. He-saww ascended the pulpit, praised Allah-azwj the Exalted and extolled upon Him-azwj, then said: ‘O community of Quraysh! There is the nobility for you today, form your rows!’ The he-saww said: ‘O community of the Arabs! Today is the nobility for you, form your rows!’ Then he-saww said: ‘O community of friends! Today is the nobility for you, form your rows!’
ثُمَّ دَعَا بِدَوَاةٍ وَ طِرْسٍ فَأَمَرَ وَ كُتِبَ فِيهِ- بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ- لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَالَ شَهِدْتُمْ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ أَ فَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَوْلَاكُمْ قَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَ فَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّنِي مَوْلَاكُمْ قَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ
Then he-saww for ink and paper and instructed, and it was written in it: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful! There is no god except Allah-azwj, Muhammad-saww is Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj’. He-saww said: ‘Do you testify?’ They said, ‘Yes!’ He-saww said: ‘Are you knowing that Allah-azwj is your Master-azwj?’ They said, ‘O Allah-azwj, yes!’ He-saww said: ‘Are you knowing that I-saww am your master-saww?’ They said, ‘O Allah-azwj, yes!’
قَالَ فَقَبَضَ عَلَى ضَبْعِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَرَفَعَهُ فِي النَّاسِ حَتَّى تَبَيَّنَ بَيَاضُ إِبْطَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَهَذَا عَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ وَالِ مَنْ وَالاهُ وَ عَادِ مَنْ عَادَاهُ وَ انْصُرْ مَنْ نَصَرَهُ وَ اخْذُلْ مَنْ خَذَلَهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-saww grabbed the mid-arm of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and raised it among the people until the whiteness of his-saww armpits was revealed. Then he-saww said: ‘One whose master-saww I-saww was, so this Ali-asws is his master-asws!’ Then he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Befriend the one who befriends him-asws and be Inimical to the one inimical to him-asws, and Help the one who helps him-asws and Abandon the one who abandons him-asws!’
وَ فِيهِ كَلَامٌ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى- ما ضَلَّ صاحِبُكُمْ وَ ما غَوى- وَ ما يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوى- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحى فَأَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ يا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ ما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ.
And during it there is speech (of Rasool-Allah-saww). Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: ‘(I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1] Your companion does not err, and does not deviate [53:2] And he does not speak out of (personal) desire [53:3] Surely it is only a Revelation He Revealed [53:4]. Allah-azwj Revealed to him-saww: ‘O you Rasool! Deliver what has been Revealed unto you from your Lord; [5:67]’’.[165]
10- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص- أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ فَذَكَرَ كَلَاماً فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى لِسَانِ جَبْرَئِيلَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنِّي مُنْزِلٌ غَداً ضَحْوَةً نَجْماً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ يَغْلِبُ ضَوْؤُهُ عَلَى ضَوْءِ الشَّمْسِ فَأَعْلِمْ أَصْحَابَكَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ سَقَطَ ذَلِكَ النَّجْمُ فِي دَارِهِ فَهُوَ الْخَلِيفَةُ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Zakariya, transmitting,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww established Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws on the day of Ghadeer Khumm, he-saww mentioned a speech. Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed upon the tongue of Jibraeel-as. He-as said to him-saww: ‘O Muhammad-saww! I-as shall be descending a star from the sky tomorrow morning, its illumination would overwhelm upon the illumination of the sun, so let your-saww companions know that the one in whose house that star falls, he is the caliph from after you-saww’.
وَ أَعْلَمَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ يَسْقُطُ غَداً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ نَجْمٌ يَغْلِبُ ضَوْؤُهُ عَلَى ضَوْءِ الشَّمْسِ فَمَنْ سَقَطَ النَّجْمُ فِي دَارِهِ فَهُوَ الْخَلِيفَةُ مِنْ بَعْدِي
And Rasool-Allah-saww let them know: ‘A star would be falling from the sky, its illumination would overwhelm upon the illumination of the sun. So, the one in whose house the star falls, so he is the Caliph from after me-saww’.
فَجَلَسُوا كُلُّهُمْ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ يَتَوَقَّعُ أَنْ يَسْقُطَ النَّجْمُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ فَمَا لَبِثُوا أَنْ سَقَطَ النَّجْمُ فِي مَنْزِلِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ فَاطِمَةَ ع فَاجْتَمَعَ الْقَوْمُ وَ قَالُوا وَ اللَّهِ مَا تَكَلَّمَ فِيهِ إِلَّا بِالْهَوَى
Each one of them was seated in his house anticipating the star to fall in his house. It was not long before the star fell in the house of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and Syeda Fatima-asws. The people gathered and said, ‘By Allah-azwj! He-saww does not speak regarding him-saww except with the personal desire’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى- ما ضَلَّ صاحِبُكُمْ وَ ما غَوى- وَ ما يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوى- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحى إِلَيَ أَ فَتُمارُونَهُ عَلى ما يَرى.
Allah-azwj Revealed unto His-azwj Prophet-saww: ‘(I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1] Your companion does not err, and does not deviate [53:2] And he does not speak out of (personal) desire [53:3] Surely it is only a Revelation He Revealed [53:4] to me-saww. So will you then dispute with him upon what he saw? [53:12]’’.[166]
11- يف، الطرائف كنز، كنز جامع الفوائد و تأويل الآيات الظاهرة رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَغَازِلِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ جَالِساً مَعَ فِتْيَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ إِذَا انْقَضَّ كَوْكَبٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنِ انْقَضَّ هَذَا النَّجْمُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ فَهُوَ الْوَصِيُّ مِنْ بَعْدِي
(The books) ‘Al Taraif’ (and) ‘Kunz Jamie Al Fawaid’ (and) ‘Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zaahira) – It is reported by Ali Bin Al Maghazili, by his chain to Ibn Abbas who said,
‘I was seated with a youth from the Clan of Hashim-as in the presence of the Prophet-saww when a star (meteor) dropped. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One this star drops upon in his house, so he is the successor-asws from after me-saww’.
قَالَ فَقَامَ فِتْيَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَنَظَرُوا قَدِ انْقَضَّ الْكَوْكَبُ فِي مَنْزِلِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ غَوَيْتَ فِي حُبِّ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى- ما ضَلَّ صاحِبُكُمْ وَ ما غَوى.
He (the narrator) said, ‘A youth from the Clan of Hashim-as stood up, and they looked and the star had dropped in the house of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! It has collapsed in the love of the son-asws of your-saww uncle-as’. So, Allah-azwj Revealed: ‘(I Swear) by the star when it swoops down [53:1] Your companion does not err, and does not deviate [53:2]’’.[167]
باب 9 نزول سورة براءة و قراءة أمير المؤمنين ع على أهل مكة و رد أبي بكر و أن عليا هو الأذان يوم الحج الأكبر
CHAPTER 9 – DESCENT OF SURAH BARA’A (CHAPTER 9) AND RECITATION BY AMIR AL-MOMINEEN-asws TO THE PEOPLE OF MAKKAH, AND RETURNG OF ABU BAKR, AND THAT ALI-asws, HE-asws IS THE AZAAN (PROCLAMATION) ON THE DAY OF THE GREATEST HAJJ
1- ع، علل الشرائع أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زُهَيْرٍ عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ كَثِيرٍ أَبِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ جُمَيْعِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْجَامِعِ فَرَأَيْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ جَالِساً فَجَلَسْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ حَدِّثْنِي عَنْ عَلِيٍ
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Is’haq, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Zuheyr, from Yusuf Bin Musa, from Malik Bin Ismail, from Mansour Bin Abu Al Aswad, from Kaseer Abu Ismail, from Jumie Bin Umar who said,
‘I prayed Salat in the central Masjid and I saw Umar seated, so I sat next to him. I said, ‘Narrate to me about Ali-asws’.
فَقَالَ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِبَرَاءَةَ فَلَمَّا أَتَى بِهِ ذَا الْحُلَيْفَةِ أَتْبَعَهُ عَلِيّاً فَأَخَذَهَا مِنْهُ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا عَلِيُّ مَا لِي أَ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ- لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنِّي إِلَّا أَنَا أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي
He said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Abu Bakr with (Surah) Bara’a. When he came with it to Zul Huleyfa, Ali-asws pursued him and took from him. Abu Bakr said, ‘O Ali-asws! What is the matter of me? Has something been Revealed regarding me?’ He-asws said: ‘No, but Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘No one should deliver on my-saww behalf except I-saww, or a man from People-asws of my-saww Household’.
قَالَ فَرَجَعَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنِّي إِلَّا أَنَا أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي
He (Umar) said, ‘He returned to Rasool-Allah-saww and said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Has something been Revealed regarding me?’ He-saww said: ‘No, but none shall deliver on my-saww behalf except I-saww or a man from People-asws of my-saww Household’.
قَالَ كَثِيرٌ قُلْتُ لِجُمَيْعٍ تَشْهَدُ عَلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ بِهَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ ثَلَاثاً.
Kaseer (the narrator) said, ‘I said to Jumie, ‘Did you get Ibn Umar to testify with this?’ He said, ‘Yes, thrice’’.[168]
2- ع، علل الشرائع مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ مِقْسَمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص بَعَثَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِبَرَاءَةَ ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَهُ عَلِيّاً فَأَخَذَهَا مِنْهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ حِيفَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنِّي إِلَّا أَنَا أَوْ عَلِيٌّ
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from al Barqy, from his father, from Khalaf Bin Hammad, from Abu Al-Hassan Al Abady, from Suleyman Bin Mihran, from Hakam Bin Miqsam, from Ibn Abbas,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Abu Bakr with (Surah) Bara’a, then Ali-asws followed him and took it from him. Abu Bakr said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Is something wrong regarding me?’ He-saww said: ‘No, except that no one shall deliver it on my-saww behalf except I-saww or Ali-asws’.
وَ كَانَ الَّذِي بُعِثَ بِهِ عَلِيٌّ ع- لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا نَفْسٌ مُسْلِمَةٌ وَ لَا يَحُجُّ بَعْدَ هَذَا الْعَامِ مُشْرِكٌ وَ لَا يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَ مَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ عَهْدٌ فَهُوَ إِلَى مُدَّتِهِ.
And that which Ali-asws had been sent with – ‘None shall enter the Paradise except a Muslim soul, no Polytheist can perform Hajj after this year nor perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah) naked, and the one who has a pact between him and Rasool-Allah-azwj, so he is to its term’’.[169]
3- ع، علل الشرائع الطَّالَقَانِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ الطَّبَرِيِّ عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ قَادِمٍ عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شَرِيكٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَلَقِيتُ سَعْدَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ هَلْ سَمِعْتَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع مَنْقَبَةً قَالَ قَدْ شَهِدْتُ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةً لَأَنْ يَكُونَ لِي إِحْدَاهُنَّ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا أَعْمُرُ فِيهَا عُمُرَ نُوحٍ
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Al Talaqany, from Muhammad Bin Jareer Al Tabary, from Suleym Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Ali Bin Qadim, from israil, from Abdullah Bin Shareek, from Al Haris Bin Malik who said,
‘I went out to Makkah and met Sa’ad Bin Malik. I said to him, ‘Have you heard any virtue for Ali-asws?’ He said, ‘I have witnessed four being for him-asws, even if one of these would happen to be for me, it would be more beloved to me than the world I can live in it the age of Noah-as.
أَحَدُهَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص بَعَثَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِبَرَاءَةَ إِلَى مُشْرِكِي قُرَيْشٍ فَسَارَ بِهَا يَوْماً وَ لَيْلَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ اتْبَعْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَبَلِّغْهَا وَ رُدَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ قَالَ- لَا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا يَبْلُغُ عَنِّي إِلَّا أَنَا أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنِّي.
One of it is that Rasool-Allah-saww sent Abu Bakr with (Surah) Bara’a to the Polytheists, so he travelled with it for a day and a night. Then he-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘Seek out Abu Bakr and (you-asws) deliver it, and return Abu Bakr’. He (Abu Bakr) said, ‘Has anything been Revealed regarding me?’ He-saww said: ‘No, except no one shall deliver it on my-saww behalf except I-saww, or a man from me-saww’’.[170]
4- ع، علل الشرائع أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الدِّينَوَرِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص بَعَثَ بِبَرَاءَةَ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَبَعَثَ عَلِيّاً ع وَ قَالَ لَا يَبْلُغُهَا إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي.
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Is’haq Al Deynawary, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Aziz, from Ahmad Bin Mansour, from Abu Salama, from Hammad Bin Salama, from Simak Bin Harb, from Anas (well known fabricator),
‘The Prophet-saww sent (Surah) Bara’a to the people of Makkah with Abu Bakr. (Then) he-saww sent Ali-asws and said: ‘None shall deliver it except a man from People-asws of my-saww Household’’.[171]
5- ل، الخصال فِيمَا أَجَابَ بِهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع الْيَهُودِيَّ السَّائِلَ مِنْ خِصَالِ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ قَالَ وَ أَمَّا السَّابِعَةُ يَا أَخَا الْيَهُودِ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا تَوَجَّهَ لِفَتْحِ مَكَّةَ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُعْذِرَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ آخِراً كَمَا دَعَاهُمْ أَوَّلًا
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ –
‘Among what Amir Al-Momineen-asws answered the Jew, the questioner with, about the characteristics of the successors-as. He-asws said: ‘And as for the seventh, O brother Jew! When Rasool-Allah-saww diverted to (Al-Medina after) conquest of Makkah, loved to give them an excuse and called them to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic lastly just as he-saww had called them at first.
فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ كِتَاباً يُحَذِّرُهُمْ فِيهِ وَ يُنْذِرُهُمْ عَذَابَ اللَّهِ وَ يَعِدُهُمُ الصَّفْحَ وَ يُمَنِّيهِمْ مَغْفِرَةَ رَبِّهِمْ وَ نَسَخَ لَهُمْ فِي آخِرِهِ سُورَةَ بَرَاءَةَ لِتَقْرَأَ عَلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ عَرَضَ عَلَى جَمِيعِ أَصْحَابِهِ الْمُضِيَّ بِهِ إِلَيْهِمْ فَكُلُّهُمْ يَرَى التَّثَاقُلَ فِيهِمْ
He-saww wrote a letter to them cautioning them in it and warning of the Punishment of Allah-azwj, and counted them with the pardoning and making them wish for the Forgiveness of their Lord-azwj, and he-saww copied for them in its end, Surah Bara’a to be recited to them. Then he-saww presented to the entirety of his-saww companion for going with it to them. All of them saw the sluggishness in them.
فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ نَدَبَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلًا فَوَجَّهَهُ بِهِ فَأَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ- لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنْكَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ فَأَنْبَأَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِذَلِكَ وَ وَجَّهَنِي بِكِتَابِهِ وَ رِسَالَتِهِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ
When he-saww saw that he called a man (Abu Bakr) from them and sent him with it. Jibraeel-as came to him-saww and said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! No one should deliver it on you-saww behalf except you-saww or a man from you-saww’. So, Rasool-Allah-saww informed me-asws with that and sent me-asws with his-saww letter and his-saww message to Makkah.
فَأَتَيْتُ مَكَّةَ وَ أَهْلُهَا مَنْ قَدْ عَرَفْتُمْ لَيْسَ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَ لَوْ قَدَرَ أَنْ يَضَعَ عَلَى كُلِّ جَبَلٍ مِنِّي إِرْباً لَفَعَلَ وَ لَوْ أَنْ يَبْذُلَ فِي ذَلِكَ نَفْسَهُ وَ أَهْلَهُ وَ وُلْدَهُ وَ مَالَهُ
I-asws came to Makkah and its inhabitants, ones you have known that there wasn’t anyone among them except and if he had been able to place a piece of me-asws upon every mountain, he would have done so, and even if regarding that he had to exert himself, and his family, and his children and his wealth.
فَبَلَّغْتُهُمْ رِسَالَةَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ كِتَابَهُ فَكُلُّهُمْ يَلْقَانِي بِالتَّهَدُّدِ وَ الْوَعِيدِ وَ يُبْدِي لِيَ الْبَغْضَاءَ وَ يُظْهِرُ الشَّحْنَاءَ مِنْ رِجَالِهِمْ وَ نِسَائِهِمْ فَكَانَ مِنِّي فِي ذَلِكَ مَا قَدْ رَأَيْتُمْ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَ لَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ قَالُوا بَلَى يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.
So, I-asws delivered the message of the Prophet-saww to them and read out his-saww letter to them. All of them met me-asws with the violence, and the threat, and revealing the hatred towards me-asws, and revealing the enmity from their men and women. So, that happened from me-asws during that what you have seen’. Then he-asws turned towards his-asws companions and said: ‘Wasn’t it like that?’ They said, ‘Yes, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws!’’[172]
6- قل، إقبال الأعمال قَالَ جَدِّي أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الطُّوسِيُ فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ص سُورَةَ بَرَاءَةَ حِينَ أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنْكَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ
(The book) ‘Iqbal Al Amaal’ – My grandfather Abu Ja’far Al Tusi said,
‘During the first day of Zul Hijja, the Prophet-saww sent Surah Bara’a when it was Revealed unto him-saww, with Abu Bakr. Then it was Revealed unto the Prophet-saww: “No one should deliver it on your-saww behalf except you-saww or a man from you-saww!”
فَأَنْفَذَ النَّبِيُّ ص عَلِيّاً حَتَّى لَحِقَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَأَخَذَهَا مِنْهُ وَ رَدَّهُ بِالرَّوْحَاءِ يَوْمَ الثَّالِثِ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ أَدَّاهَا عَنْهُ إِلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ وَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ فَقَرَأَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ فِي الْمَوْسِمِ.
So the Prophet-saww sent Ali-asws until he-asws caught up with Abu Bakr and took it from him, and returned him at (from) Al-Rawha’a on the third day from it. Then he-asws delivered it on his-saww behalf to the people, on the day of Arafaat and day of the sacrifice. He-asws read it out to them during the season (Hajj)’’.[173]
وَ رَوَى حَسَنُ بْنُ أَشْنَاسَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الثَّلْجِ الْكَاتِبِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدَكَ الصُّوفِيِ عَنْ طَرِيفٍ مَوْلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُوسَى وَ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ السَّبِيعِيِّ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ وَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا فَتَحَ مَكَّةَ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُعْذِرَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ نَحْواً مِمَّا مَرَّ.
And it is reported by Hassan Bin Ashnas, from Ibn Abu Al Salj the scribe, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad al Alawy, from Ali Bin Abdak Al Sowfy, from Tareyf a slave of Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Musa and Ubeyd Bin Yasaar, from Amro Bin Abu Al Miqdam, from Abu Is’haq Al Sabie, from Al Haris Al Hamdany, and from Jabir, from Abu Ja’far, from Muhammad Bin Al Hanafiya,
‘From Ali-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww, when he-saww had conquered Makkah, loved to give an excuse to them’ – and continued the Hadeeth approximate to what has passed’’.[174]
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ أَقُولُ وَ رَوَى الطَّبَرِيُّ فِي تَارِيخِهِ فِي حَوَادِثِ سَنَةِ سِتٍّ مِنْ هِجْرَةِ النَّبِيِّ ص لَمَّا أَرَادَ النَّبِيُّ الْقَصْدَ لِمَكَّةَ وَ مَنَعَهُ أَهْلُهَا أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ كَانَ قَدْ أَمَرَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص أَنْ يَمْضِيَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ وَ اعْتَذَرَ
Then he said,
‘And I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘And it is reported by Al-Tabari in his history regarding the events of the year six from the Emigration of the Prophet-saww, ‘When the Prophet-saww wanted the aiming to Makkah and its people prevented him-asws, the Prophet-saww had instructed Umar Bin Al-Khattab to go to Makkah, but he did not do so and made excuses.
فَقَالَ الطَّبَرِيُّ مَا هَذَا لَفْظُهُ ثُمَّ دَعَا عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ لِيَبْعَثَهُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَيُبَلِّغَ عَنْهُ أَشْرَافَ قُرَيْشٍ مَا حَالُهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَخَافُ قُرَيْشاً عَلَى نَفْسِي.
Al-Tabari said, ‘These are not his words’. Then he-saww called Umar Bin Al-Khattab to send him to Makkah, so he would deliver on his-saww behalf to the nobles of Quraysh what his-saww situation was. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I fear Quraysh upon myself’’.[175] (Non Shia source)
وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَرْحٌ أَبْسَطُ مِمَّا ذَكَرْنَاهُ رَوَاهُ حَسَنُ بْنُ أَشْنَاسَ فِي كِتَابِهِ أَيْضاً عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا سَرَّحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِأَوَّلِ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةَ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ لَا تَبْعَثَ هَذَا وَ أَنْ تَبْعَثَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ أَنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّيهَا عَنْكَ غَيْرُهُ
And from that is commentary extended from what we mentioned as being reported by Hassan Bin Ashna in his book as well, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Zakariya, from Malik Bin Ibrahim Al Nakhaie, from Al-Husayn Bin Zayd who said,
‘It is narrated to me by Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww sent Abu Bakr with the beginning of Surah Bara’a to the people of Makkah, Jibraeel-as came to him-saww and said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Allah-azwj Commands you-saww not to send this one, and you-saww should send Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and no one should deliver on your-saww behalf apart from him-asws’.
فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ص عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَلَحِقَهُ فَأَخَذَ مِنْهُ الصَّحِيفَةَ وَ قَالَ ارْجِعْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ هَلْ حَدَثَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ سَيُخْبِرُكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَرَجَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا كُنْتَ تَرَى أَنِّي مُؤَدٍّ عَنْكَ هَذِهِ الرِّسَالَةَ
The Prophet-saww instructed Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. He-asws caught up with him and took the Quran away from him and said: ‘Return to the Prophet-saww’. Abu Bakr said, ‘Has anything new occurred regarding me?’ He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww will be informing you’. So Abu Bakr returned to the Prophet-saww. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Was it not your-saww view that I should deliver this message on your-saww behalf?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص أَبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَهَا إِلَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَأَكْثَرَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْكَلَامِ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص كَيْفَ تُؤَدِّيهَا وَ أَنْتَ صَاحِبِي فِي الْغَارِ
The Prophet-saww said to him: ‘Allah-azwj Refused for it to be delivered except by Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. Abu Bakr frequented from the talk. The Prophet-saww said to him: ‘How can you deliver it and you were my-saww companion in the cave (and you were scared from them)’.
قَالَ فَانْطَلَقَ عَلِيٌّ ع حَتَّى قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ ثُمَّ وَافَى عَرَفَاتٍ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى جَمْعٍ ثُمَّ إِلَى مِنًى ثُمَّ ذَبَحَ وَ حَلَقَ وَ صَعِدَ عَلَى الْجَبَلِ الْمُشْرِفِ الْمَعْرُوفِ بِالشِّعْبِ فَأَذَّنَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ أَ لَا تَسْمَعُونَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي رَسُولُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Ali-asws went until he-asws arrived at Makkah. Then he-asws came to Arafaat, then returned to Jam’a, then to Mina, then he-asws slaughtered and shaved (his-asws head) and climbed upon the mountain, the noble, the well known as ‘Al-She’b’ (Abu Talib-asws). He-asws proclaimed three times: ‘Are you listening, O you people? I-asws am a messenger of Rasool-Allah-saww to you all!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ بَراءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عاهَدْتُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ- فَسِيحُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ غَيْرُ مُعْجِزِي اللَّهِ وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ مُخْزِي الْكافِرِينَ- وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ- إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ تِسْعَ آيَاتٍ مِنْ أَوَّلِهَا
Then he-asws said: ‘(This is) a disavowment from Allah and His Rasool to those of the Polytheists you had a treaty with [9:1] So, go about in the land for four months and know that you cannot frustrate Allah and that Allah will Frustrate the Kafirs [9:2] And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool [9:3] – up to His-azwj Words: surely Allah is Forgiving Merciful [9:5] – nine (five) Verses from its beginning.
ثُمَّ لَمَعَ بِسَيْفِهِ فَأَسْمَعَ النَّاسَ وَ كَرَّرَهَا فَقَالَ النَّاسُ مَنْ هَذَا الَّذِي يُنَادِي فِي النَّاسِ فَقَالُوا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ قَالَ مَنْ عَرَفَهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ هَذَا ابْنُ عَمِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مَا كَانَ لِيَجْتَرِئَ عَلَى هَذَا غَيْرُ عَشِيرَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ
Then he-asws unsheathed his-asws sword, and the people listened, and he-asws repeated it. The people said, ‘Who is this one who is calling out among the people?’ They said, ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. And said, ‘One from the people who recognises him-asws, this is son-asws of an uncle-as of Muhammad-saww, and no one would be courageous upon this apart from the kindred of Muhammad-saww’.
فَأَقَامَ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ ثَلَاثَةً يُنَادِي بِذَلِكَ وَ يَقْرَأُ عَلَى النَّاسِ غُدْوَةً وَ عَشِيَّةَ فَنَادَاهُ النَّاسُ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَبْلِغْ ابْنَ عَمِّكَ أَنْ لَيْسَ لَهُ عِنْدَنَا إِلَّا ضَرْباً بِالسَّيْفِ وَ طَعْناً بِالرِّمَاحِ
He-asws stayed there three days of Al-Tashreek (11th, 12th and 13th of Zilhajj) calling out with that and reciting to the people morning and evening. The people from the Polytheists called out, ‘Deliver to the son-saww of your-asws uncle-as that there isn’t for him-saww in our presence except strikes with the sword and stabs with the spears!’
ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص يَقْصِدُ فِي السَّيْرِ وَ أُبْطِئَ الْوَحْيُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي أَمْرِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْهُ فَاغْتَمَّ النَّبِيُّ ص لِذَلِكَ غَمّاً شَدِيداً حَتَّى رُئِيَ ذَلِكَ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَ كَفَّ عَنِ النِّسَاءِ مِنَ الْهَمِّ وَ الْغَمِّ
Then Ali-asws left to go to the Prophet-saww purposefully in the travel, and the Revelation was delayed from Rasool-Allah-saww regarding the matter of Ali-asws and what had happened from him-asws. So, the Prophet-saww was gloomy to that with severe gloom until that was seen in his-saww face, and he-saww refrained from the people out of the worry and the sadness.
فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ لَعَلَّهُ قَدْ نُعِيَتْ إِلَيْهِ نَفْسُهُ أَوْ عَرَضَ لَهُ مَرَضٌ فَقَالُوا لِأَبِي ذَرٍّ قَدْ نَعْلَمُ مَنْزِلَتَكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ قَدْ تَرَى مَا بِهِ فَنَحْنُ نُحِبُّ أَنْ تُعْلِمَ لَنَا أَمْرَهُ فَسَأَلَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ النَّبِيَّ ص عَنْ ذَلِكَ
Some of them said to others, ‘Perhaps he-saww had given the news of his-asws death to himself-saww, or an illness has presented to him-saww’. They said to Abu Zarr-ra, ‘We know your-ra status from Rasool-Allah-saww, and you-ra have seen what is with him-saww. We would love it if you-ra could learn his-saww matter for us’. So, Abu Zarr-ra asked the Prophet-saww about that.
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَا نُعِيَتْ إِلَيَّ نَفْسِي وَ إِنِّي لَمَيِّتٌ وَ مَا وَجَدْتُ فِي أُمَّتِي إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ مَا بِي مِنْ مَرَضٍ وَ لَكِنْ مِنْ شِدَّةِ وَجْدِي بِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ إِبْطَاءِ الْوَحْيِ عَنِّي فِي أَمْرِهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ أَعْطَانِي فِي عَلِيٍّ ع تِسْعَ خِصَالٍ ثَلَاثَةً لِدُنْيَايَ وَ اثْنَتَانِ لآِخِرَتِي وَ اثْنَتَانِ أَنَا مِنْهُمَا آمِنٌ وَ اثْنَتَانِ أَنَا مِنْهُمَا خَائِفٌ
The Prophet-saww said: ‘I-saww have not given the news of his-asws death to myself-saww, and I-saww cannot find in my-saww community except good, and there is no illness with me-saww, but (it is) from the severity I-saww find with (absence of) Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and delay of the Revelation from me-saww regarding his-asws matter. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Given me-saww nine characteristics in Ali-asws – three are for my-saww world, and two for my-saww Hereafter, and two I-saww am safe from these, and two I-saww am fearful from these’.
وَ قَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا صَلَّى الْغَدَاةَ وَ اسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ بِوَجْهِهِ إِلَى طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ يَذْكُرُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ يَتَقَدَّمُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع خَلْفَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ يَسْتَقْبِلُ النَّاسَ بِوَجْهِهِ فَيَسْتَأْذِنُونَ فِي حَوَائِجِهِمْ وَ بِذَلِكَ أَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص
And used to be that whenever Rasool-Allah-saww had prayed the morning Salat would face the Qiblah with his-saww face up to the emergence of the sun mentioning Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and would advance Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws behind the Prophet-saww facing the people with his-asws face and would allow them regarding their needs, and Rasool-Allah-saww had instructed them with that.
فَلَمَّا تَوَجَّهَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْوَجْهِ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَكَانَ عَلِيٍّ لِأَحَدٍ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا صَلَّى وَ سَلَّمَ اسْتَقْبَلَ النَّاسَ بِوَجْهِهِ فَأَذِنَ لِلنَّاسِ فَقَامَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لِي حَاجَةٌ قَالَ انْطَلِقْ فِي حَاجَتِكَ
When he-saww had sent Ali-asws to that direction (Makkah), Rasool-Allah-saww did not make anyone to be in place of Ali-asws. And Rasool-Allah-saww prayed Salat and greeted and faced towards the people with his-saww face. He-saww permitted the people (to ask questions). Abu Zarr-ra stood up and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! There is a need for me-ra’. He-saww said: ‘Go regarding your-ra need’.
فَخَرَجَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ يَسْتَقْبِلُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَلَمَّا كَانَ بِبَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ إِذَا هُوَ بِرَاكِبٍ مُقْبِلٍ عَلَى نَاقَتِهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ وَ الْتَزَمَهُ وَ قَبَّلَهُ وَ قَالَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي اقْصِدْ فِي مَسِيرِكَ حَتَّى أَكُونَ أَنَا الَّذِي أُبَشِّرُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مِنْ أَمْرِكَ فِي غَمٍّ شَدِيدٍ وَ هَمٍّ
Abu Zarr-ra went out from Al-Medina to meet Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. When he-ra was in one of the roads when a rider came upon his camel, there it was Ali-asws. He-ra received him-asws and grabbed him-asws and kissed him-asws and said, ‘May my-ra father and my-ra mother be (sacrificed) for you-asws! Be moderate in your-asws travel until I-ra be the one to give the good news to Rasool-Allah-saww, for Rasool-Allah-saww is in intense sadness and worry from your-asws affair’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع نَعَمْ فَانْطَلَقَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ مُسْرِعاً حَتَّى أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ص فَقَالَ الْبُشْرَى قَالَ وَ مَا بُشْرَاكَ يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ قَالَ قَدِمَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ لَكَ بِذَلِكَ الْجَنَّةُ
Ali-asws said to him-ra: ‘Yes’. Abu Zarr-ra went speedily until he-ra came to the Prophet-saww. He-ra said, ‘The good news!’ He-saww said: ‘And what is your-ra good news, O Abu Zarr-ra?’ He-ra said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws has arrived!’ He-saww said him-ra: ‘The Paradise is for you-ra, due to that’.
ثُمَّ رَكِبَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ رَكِبَ مَعَهُ النَّاسُ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَنَاخَ نَاقَتَهُ وَ نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَتَلَقَّاهُ وَ الْتَزَمَهُ وَ عَانَقَهُ وَ وَضَعَ خَدَّهُ عَلَى مَنْكِبِ عَلِيٍّ وَ بَكَى النَّبِيُّ ص فَرِحاً بِقُدُومِهِ وَ بَكَى عَلِيٌّ ع مَعَهُ
Then the Prophet-saww rode and the people rode with him-saww. When he-asws saw him-saww, he-asws knelt his-asws camel, and Rasool-Allah-saww descended. He-saww met him-asws and held him-asws, and hugged him-asws, and placed his-saww cheek upon a shoulder of Ali-asws and then the Prophet-saww cried tears of happiness, and Ali-asws cried with him-saww.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا صَنَعْتَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي فَإِنَّ الْوَحْيَ أُبْطِئَ عَلَيَّ فِي أَمْرِكَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا صَنَعَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَعْلَمَ بِكَ مِنِّي حِينَ أَمَرَنِي بِإِرْسَالِكَ.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said to him-asws: ‘What did you-asws do? May my-saww father-as and my-saww mother-as be (sacrificed) for you-asws, for the Revelation unto me-saww regarding your-asws matter had been delayed’. He-asws informed him-saww with what he-asws had done’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic was more Knowing with you-asws than me-saww when He-azwj Commanded me-saww with sending you-asws’’.[176]
وَ مِنْ كِتَابِ ابْنِ أَشْنَاسَ الْبَزَّازِ مِنْ طَرِيقِ رِجَالِ أَهْلِ الْخِلَافِ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا وَصَلَ مَوْلَانَا عَلِيٌّ ع إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ بِآيَاتِ بَرَاءَةَ لَقِيَهُ خِرَاشُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَخُو عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ هُوَ الَّذِي قَتَلَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع مُبَارَزَةً يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَ شُعْبَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَخُوهُ
And from the book of Ibn Ashnas – Al Baraz, from the way of men of people of opposition, in another Hadeeth
‘When our master-asws Ali-asws arrived to the Polytheists with Verses of (Surah) Bara’a, Khirash Bin Abdullah, brother of Amro Bin Abdullah met him-asws, and he is the one whom Ali-asws had killed in a duel on the day of Al-Khandaq, and Shu’ba Bin Abdullah, his brother.
فَقَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع عَلَى مَا تُسَيِّرُنَا يَا عَلِيُّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ بَلْ بَرِئْنَا مِنْكَ وَ مِنِ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ إِنْ شِئْتَ إِلَّا مِنَ الطَّعْنِ وَ الضَّرْبِ وَ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ لَيْسَ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ إِلَّا السَّيْفُ وَ الرُّمْحُ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ بَدَأْنَا بِكَ
He said to Ali-asws, ‘Upon what are you progressing (respiting) us to, O Ali-asws, four months? But, we disavow from you-asws and from the son-saww of your-asws uncle-as, if you-asws like (we can deal) only from the stabbing and the striking’. And Shu’ba said, ‘There isn’t anything between us and the son-saww of your-asws uncle except the sword and the spear, and if you-asws so like, we can begin with you-asws’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَجَلْ أَجَلْ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَهَلُمُّوا.
Ali-asws said: ‘Yes! Yes, if you like, then come!’’[177]
وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ قَالَ: وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يُنَادِي فِي الْمُشْرِكِينَ بِأَرْبَعٍ- لَا يَدْخُلُ مَكَّةَ مُشْرِكٌ بَعْدَ مَأْمَنِهِ وَ لَا يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا نَفْسٌ مُسْلِمَةٌ وَ مَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ عَهْدٌ فَعُهْدَتُهُ إِلَى مُدَّتِهِ.
And in another Hadeeth from the book, he said,
‘And Ali-asws had called out among the Polytheists with four (matters) – ‘No Polytheist can enter Makkah after his amnesty, nor can anyone perform Tawaaf naked, nor can anyone enter the Paradise except a Muslim soul, and one who had a pact between him and Rasool-Allah-saww, so his pact is to its term’’.[178]
و قال في حديث آخر و كانت العرب في الجاهلية تطوف بالبيت عراة و يقولون لا يكون علينا ثوب حرام و لا ثوب خالطه إثم و لا نطوف إلا كما ولدتنا أمهاتنا
Note: – And he said in another Hadeeth, ‘And the Arabs during the pre-Islamic period used to perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah) naked, and they were saying, ‘There does not happen to be any Prohibited cloth upon us nor any clothing mingled with a sin, nor are we performing Tawaaf except just as our mothers had given birth to us’.
7- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ بَعْدَ مَا رَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ فِي سَنَةِ تِسْعٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ قَالَ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا فَتَحَ مَكَّةَ لَمْ يَمْنَعِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ الْحَجَّ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ
Tafseer Al Qummi – My father, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl, from Abu Al Sabbah Al Kinany,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘This Verse was Revealed after Rasool-Allah-saww had returned from the military expedition of Tabuk during the year nine from the Emigration. And when Rasool-Allah-saww had conquered Makkah, he-saww did not prevent the Polytheists of performing Hajj during that year.
وَ كَانَ سُنَّةً مِنَ الْعَرَبِ فِي الْحَجِّ أَنَّهُ مَنْ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ وَ طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ فِي ثِيَابِهِ لَمْ يَحِلَّ لَهُ إِمْسَاكُهَا وَ كَانُوا يَتَصَدَّقُونَ بِهَا وَ لَا يَلْبَسُونَهَا بَعْدَ الطَّوَافِ فَكَانَ مَنْ وَافَى مَكَّةَ يَسْتَعِيرُ ثَوْباً وَ يَطُوفُ فِيهِ ثُمَّ يَرُدُّهُ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ عَارِيَّةً اكْتَرَى ثِيَاباً وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ عَارِيَّةً وَ لَا كَرًى وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ إِلَّا ثَوْبٌ وَاحِدٌ طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَاناً
And it used to be a way of the Arabs during the Hajj that the one who entered Makkah and performed Tawaaf of the House (Kabah) in his clothes, it would not be permissible for him to hold on to them and they used to give in charity with these and not wear them after the Tawaaf. So, the one who arrived at Makkah in borrowed clothes and performed Tawaaf in it, then he would return it, and one who could not find a lender (of clothes), would hire clothes, and one who could not neither find a lender nor a hirer (of clothes), and there did not happen to be for him except for one cloth, would perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah) naked’.
فَجَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَسِيمَةً جَمِيلَةً فَطَلَبَتْ ثَوْباً عَارِيَّةً أَوْ كَرًى فَلَمْ تَجِدْهُ فَقَالُوا لَهَا إِنْ طُفْتِ فِي ثِيَابِكِ احْتَجْتِ أَنْ تَتَصَدَّقِي بِهَا فَقَالَتْ وَ كَيْفَ أَتَصَدَّقُ وَ لَيْسَ لِي غَيْرُهَا فَطَافَتْ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانَةً وَ أَشْرَفَ لَهَا النَّاسُ فَوَضَعَتْ إِحْدَى يَدَيْهَا عَلَى قُبُلِهَا وَ الْآخَرَ عَلَى دُبُرِهَا وَ قَالَتْ مُرْتَجِزَةً-
| الْيَوْمَ يَبْدُو بَعْضُهُ أَوْ كُلُّهُ- | فَمَا بَدَا مِنْهُ فَلَا أُحِلُّهُ |
A woman from the Arabs came, good physique, beautiful. She sought clothes to borrow or hire, but she could not find. They said to her, ‘If you were to perform Tawaaf in your clothes, then you will have to give in charity with these’. She said, ‘And how can I give in charity and there isn’t any for me other than it?’ So, she performed Tawaaf naked and the people were looking at her. So, she placed one of her hand upon her front and the other upon her behind, and she said an eulogy, ‘Today is revealed part of it or all of it, so whatever appears from it, I do not permit it’.
فَلَمَّا فَرَغَتْ مِنَ الطَّوَافِ خَطَبَهَا جَمَاعَةٌ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ لِي زَوْجاً
When she was free from the Tawaaf, a group proposed to her. She said, ‘There is already a husband for me’.
وَ كَانَتْ سِيرَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ نُزُولِ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةَ أَنْ لَا يَقْتُلَ إِلَّا مَنْ قَتَلَهُ وَ لَا يُحَارِبَ إِلَّا مَنْ حَارَبَهُ وَ أَرَادَهُ وَ قَدْ كَانَ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَإِنِ اعْتَزَلُوكُمْ فَلَمْ يُقاتِلُوكُمْ وَ أَلْقَوْا إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَمَ فَما جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلًا
And it was Seerah (way) of Rasool-Allah-saww before the Revelation of Surah Bara’a that he-saww would not fight except the one who fought him-saww, nor declare war except to the one at war with him-saww and intended him-saww, and it had been Revealed unto him-saww from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic regarding that: But if they isolate from you and do not fight you, and cast the peace towards you, then Allah has not Made for you a way against them [4:90].
فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا يُقَاتِلُ أَحَداً قَدْ تَنَحَّى عَنْهُ وَ اعْتَزَلَهُ حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ سُورَةُ بَرَاءَةَ وَ أَمَرَهُ بِقَتْلِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ مَنِ اعْتَزَلَهُ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَعْتَزِلْهُ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ قَدْ كَانَ عَاهَدَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص- يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ إِلَى مُدَّةٍ مِنْهُمْ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ وَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو
Rasool-Allah-azwj did not fight against anyone who had desisted from him-asws and isolated, until Surah Bara’a was Revealed unto him-saww and He-azwj Commanded him-saww with killing the Polytheists, the ones who had isolated and ones who did not isolate, except those Rasool-Allah-saww had a pact with them, on the day of the conquest of Makkah up to a term. From them was Safwan Bin Umayya and Suheyl Bin Amro.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- بَراءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عاهَدْتُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ- فَسِيحُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ ثُمَّ يُقْتَلُونَ حَيْثُ مَا وُجِدُوا فَهَذِهِ أَشْهُرُ السِّيَاحَةِ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ وَ الْمُحَرَّمَ وَ صَفَرَ وَ شَهْرَ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلَ وَ عَشْراً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ الْآخَرِ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: (This is) a disavowment from Allah and His Rasool to those of the Polytheists you had a treaty with [9:1] So go about in the land for four months [9:2], then they would killed wherever they would be found. So these months of respite are (from) twentieth of Zul Hijja, and Al-Muharram, and Safar, and the month of Rabbi Al-Awwal, and ten (days) from the month of Rabbi Al-Akher.
فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتِ الْآيَاتُ مِنْ أُولَى بَرَاءَةَ دَفَعَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَ يَقْرَأَهَا عَلَى النَّاسِ بِمِنًى يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ نَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنْكَ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ
When the Verses from the beginning of (Surah) Bara’a were Revealed, Rasool-Allah-saww handed these to Abu Bakr and instructed him to go out to Makkah and recite these to the people at Mina on the day of the sacrifice. When Abu Bakr went out, Jibraeel-as descended unto Rasool-Allah-saww and said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! None shall deliver on your-saww behalf except a man from you-saww’.
فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي طَلَبِهِ فَلَحِقَهُ بِالرَّوْحَاءِ فَأَخَذَ مِنْهُ الْآيَاتِ فَرَجَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ قَالَ أَمَرَنِي رَبِّي أَنْ لَا يُؤَدِّيَ عَنِّي إِلَّا أَنَا أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنِّي.
So, Rasool-Allah-saww sent Amir Al-Momineen-asws in seeking him. He-asws caught up with him at Al-Rawha. He-asws took the Verses from him. Abu Bakr returned to Rasool-Allah-saww and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Has anything been Revealed regarding me?’ He-saww said: ‘My-saww Lord-azwj Commanded me-saww that none should deliver on my-saww behalf except I-saww or a man from me-saww’’.[179]
قَالَ وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَمَرَنِي عَنِ اللَّهِ أَنْ لَا يَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَا يَقْرَبَ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ مُشْرِكٌ بَعْدَ هَذَا الْعَامِ وَ قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِمْ- بَراءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عاهَدْتُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ- فَسِيحُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ فَأَجَّلَ اللَّهُ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ الَّذِينَ حَجُّوا تِلْكَ السَّنَةَ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ حَتَّى يَرْجِعُوا إِلَى مَأْمَنِهِمْ ثُمَّ يُقْتَلُونَ حَيْثُ مَا وُجِدُوا.
He said, ‘And it is narrated to me by my father, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazl,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww instructed me from Allah-azwj that neither can the naked one perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah), nor can a Polytheists go near the Sacred Masjid after the year (season of Hajj), and recite to them: (This is) a disavowment from Allah and His Rasool to those of the Polytheists you had a treaty with [9:1] So go about in the land for four months [9:2]. So, Allah-azwj Respited for the Polytheists, the ones who were performing the Hajj during that year, for four months until they return to their safety. Then they would be killed wherever found’’.[180]
قَالَ وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ قَالَ الْأَذَانُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع كُنْتُ أَنَا الْأَذَانَ فِي النَّاسِ.
He said, ‘And it is narrated to me by my father, from Fazal Bin Ayoub, from Aban Bin Usman, from Hakeem Bin Jubeyr,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws regarding His-azwj Words: ‘And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool [9:3]. He-asws said: ‘The proclamation (Azaan) is Amir Al-Momineen-asws’. And in another Hadeeth Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘I-asws was the proclamation (Azaan) among the people’’.[181]
8- مع، معاني الأخبار ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مُغِيرَةَ النَّصْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ فَقَالَ اسْمٌ نَحَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلِيّاً صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ لِأَنَّهُ هُوَ الَّذِي أَدَّى عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ بَرَاءَةَ
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Ibn Asbaat, from Sayf Bin Ameyra, from Al Haris Bin Mugheira Al Nasry,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: ‘And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool to the people on the day of the Greatest Hajj [9:3]. He-asws said: ‘A name Ali-asws has been Given by Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic from the sky, because he-asws is the one who proclaimed on behalf of Rasool-Allah-saww the disavowment (Surah Bara’a).
وَ قَدْ كَانَ بَعَثَ بِهَا مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَوَّلًا فَنَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع وَ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ لَكَ إِنَّهُ لَا يَبْلُغُ عَنْكَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ عَلِيّاً ع فَلَحِقَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ أَخَذَ الصَّحِيفَةَ مِنْ يَدِهِ وَ مَضَى بِهَا إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَسَمَّاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَذَاناً مِنَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ اسْمٌ نَحَلَهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ لِعَلِيٍّ ع.
And Abu Bakr had been sent with it at first, but Jibraeel-as descended and said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Allah-azwj is saying to you-saww: “No one should deliver on your-saww behalf except you-saww of a man from you-saww!”’ So, at that, Rasool-Allah-saww sent Ali-asws. He-asws caught up with Abu Bakr and took the Quran from his hand and went with it to Makkah. So, Allah-azwj Named him-asws as ‘Azaan’ (proclamation) from Allah-azwj. It is a name Given by Allah-azwj from the sky to Ali-asws’’.[182]
9- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْقَاشَانِيِّ عَنِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ حَفْصٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ فَقَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع كُنْتُ أَنَا الْأَذَانَ
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Qashany, from Al Asbahany, from Al Minqary, from Hafs who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: ‘And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool to the people on the day of the Greatest Hajj [9:3]. He-asws said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘I-asws was the ‘Azaan’ (proclamation)’.
قُلْتُ فَمَا مَعْنَى هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةِ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ قَالَ إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ الْأَكْبَرَ لِأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ سَنَةً حَجَّ فِيهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ وَ لَمْ يَحُجَّ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بَعْدَ تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ.
I said, ‘So, what is the meaning of these Words: the Greatest Hajj [9:3]?’ He-asws said: ‘But rather it is named as ‘the greatest) because it was the year in which the Muslims and the Polytheists performed Hajj, and the Polytheists did not perform Hajj after that year’’.[183]
10- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ قَالَ الْأَذَانُ عَلِيٌّ ع.
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’ – ‘My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al-Husayn Bin saeed, from Fazalat, from Aban, from Abu Al Jaroud, from Hakeem Bin Jubeyr,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: ‘And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool [9:3]. He-asws said: ‘The ‘Azaan’ (proclamation) is Amir-Al-Momineen-asws’’.[184]
11- فس، تفسير القمي قُلْ إِنْ كانَ آباؤُكُمْ وَ أَبْناؤُكُمْ وَ إِخْوانُكُمْ وَ أَزْواجُكُمْ وَ عَشِيرَتُكُمْ وَ أَمْوالٌ اقْتَرَفْتُمُوها أَيْ كَسَبْتُمُوهَا لَمَّا أَذَّنَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِمَكَّةَ أَنْ لَا يَدْخُلَ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ مُشْرِكٌ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْعَامِ جَزِعَتْ قُرَيْشٌ جَزَعاً شَدِيداً وَ قَالُوا ذَهَبَتْ تِجَارَتُنَا وَ ضَاعَتْ عِيَالُنَا وَ خَرِبَتْ دُورُنَا
Tafseer Al-Qummi – Say: ‘Even if it was your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your wives, and your clan, and your acquired wealth, you have committed these, [9:24] – i.e., amassed these. When Amir Al-Momineen-asws proclaimed at Makkah that no Polytheist shall enter the Sacred Masjid after that season (year), Quraysh were alarmed with severe alarm and they said, ‘Our trade is gone, and our dependants are wasted, and our houses are ruined!’
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي ذَلِكَ قُلْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ- إِنْ كانَ آباؤُكُمْ وَ أَبْناؤُكُمْ وَ إِخْوانُكُمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفاسِقِينَ.
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed regarding that: Say: – O Muhammad-saww, ‘Even if it was your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, [9:24] – up to His-azwj Words: and Allah does not Guide the mischief making people’ [9:24]’’.[185]
12- ير، بصائر الدرجات عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [بْنِ] مُحَمَّدٍ الْيَمَانِيِّ عَنْ مَنِيعٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِبَرَاءَةَ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ تَتْرُكُ مَنْ نَاجَيْتُهُ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ وَ تَبْعَثُ مَنْ لَمْ أُنَاجِهِ
(The book) ‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Ali Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Yamani, from Manie, from Yunus, from Ali Bin Ayn, from his brother, from his grandfather, from Abu Rafie who said,
‘When Rasool-Allah-saww sent the disavowment (from the Polytheists) with Abu Bakr, Allah-azwj Revealed unto him-saww: “You-saww are leaving the one-asws I-azwj Whispered to and Sent one whom I-azwj did not Whisper to?”
فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَأَخَذَ بَرَاءَةَ مِنْهُ وَ دَفَعَهَا إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ أَوْصِنِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُوصِيكَ وَ يُنَاجِيكَ
Rasool-Allah-saww sent a message and took the disavowment deed away from him and handed it to Ali-asws. Ali-asws said to him-saww: ‘Advise me-asws, O Rasool-Allah-saww’. He-saww said to him-asws: ‘Allah-azwj will Advise you-asws and Whisper to you-asws’.
قَالَ فَنَاجَاهُ يَوْمَ بَرَاءَةَ قَبْلَ صَلَاةِ الْأُولَى إِلَى صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ.
He (the narrator) said: ‘He-azwj Whispered to him-asws on the day of the disavowment before the first Salat up to the Salat Al-Asr’’.[186]
13- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا وَجَّهَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ عَمَّارَ بْنَ يَاسِرٍ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ قَالُوا بَعَثَ هَذَا الصَّبِيَّ وَ لَوْ بَعَثَ غَيْرَهُ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَ فِي مَكَّةَ صَنَادِيدُ قُرَيْشٍ وَ رِجَالُهَا وَ اللَّهِ الْكُفْرُ أَوْلَى بِنَا مِمَّا نَحْنُ فِيهِ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Jabir,
‘From Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘When the Prophet sent Amir Al-Momineen-asws and Ammar Bin Yasser-ra to the people of Makkah, they said, ‘He-saww is sending this child, and if he-saww could have sent someone else to the people of Makkah, and in Makkah there are chief of the Qureyshi braves, and its men. By Allah-azwj! The Kufr is foremost with us than what we are in!’
فَسَارُوا وَ قَالُوا لَهُمَا وَ خَوَّفُوهُمَا بِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَ غَلَّظُوا عَلَيْهِمَا الْأَمْرَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع- حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ فَمَضَيَا وَ لَمَّا دَخَلَا مَكَّةَ أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ بِقَوْلِهِمْ لِعَلِيٍّ وَ بِقَوْلِ عَلِيٍّ لَهُمْ
So they came and said to them both and frightened them with the people of Makkah, and were harsh upon them of the matter. Ali-asws said: ‘Allah is Sufficient for us and the most excellent Protector’ [3:173]’. They both went, and when they entered Makkah, Allah-azwj Informed His-azwj Prophet-saww with their words to Ali-asws and with the words of Ali-asws to them.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى الَّذِينَ قالَ لَهُمُ النَّاسُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزادَهُمْ إِيماناً وَ قالُوا حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ- فَانْقَلَبُوا بِنِعْمَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ فَضْلٍ لَمْ يَمْسَسْهُمْ سُوءٌ وَ اتَّبَعُوا رِضْوانَ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَظِيمٍ
Allah-azwj Revealed with their names in His-azwj Book, and that is the Word of Allah-azwj the Exalted: Those to whom the people said: ‘Surely the people have gathered against you, therefore fear them’; but this increased them in Eman, and they said: ‘Allah is Sufficient for us and the most excellent Protector’ [3:173] So they returned with a Favour from Allah and (His) Grace. No evil touched them and they pursued the Pleasure of Allah; and Allah is the Lord of Mighty Grace [3:174].
وَ إِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى فُلَانٍ وَ فُلَانٍ لَقُوا عَلِيّاً وَ عَمَّاراً فَقَالا إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ وَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَامِرٍ وَ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزَادَهُمْ إِيمَاناً وَ قَالُوا حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ.
And rather it was Revealed as: ‘But rather, it was Revealed as Have you not seen so and so, and so and so who met Ali and Ammaar, so they said: ‘Abu Sufyan and Abdullah Bin Aamir and the people of Makkah have gathered against you, therefore fear them’; but this increased them in Eman, and they said: ‘Allah is Sufficient for us and is most excellent is Protector’ [3:173]’’.[187]
14- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ الْفَتْحُ فِي سَنَةِ ثَمَانٍ وَ بَرَاءَةُ فِي سَنَةِ تِسْعَةٍ وَ حَجَّةُ الْوَدَاعِ فِي سَنَةِ عَشَرٍ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Dawood Bin Sirhan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The conquest (of Makkah) was in year eight, and disavowment (Surah Bara’a) was in year nine, and the farewell Hajj was in year ten’’.[188]
15- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بَعَثَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ مَعَ بَرَاءَةَ إِلَى الْمَوْسِمِ لِيَقْرَأَهَا عَلَى النَّاسِ فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ- لَا يُبَلِّغُ عَنْكَ إِلَّا عَلِيٌّ ع فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَرْكَبَ نَاقَتَهُ الْعَضْبَاءَ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَلْحَقَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَيَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ بَرَاءَةَ وَ يَقْرَأَهُ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِمَكَّةَ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi, from Hareez,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Abu Bakr with (Surah) Bara’a to the season (of Hajj) to be read out to the people. Jibraeel-as descended. He-as said: ‘No one should deliver on your-saww behalf except Ali-asws’. So, Rasool-Allah-saww called Ali-asws and instructed him to ride his-saww camel Al-Azba’a, and instructed him-asws that he-asws should catch up with Abu Bakr and take (Surah) Bara’a from him and read it out to the people at Makkah.
فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَ سَخْطَةٌ فَقَالَ- لَا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لَا يُبَلِّغُ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلِيٌّ ع مَكَّةَ وَ كَانَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ وَ هُوَ يَوْمُ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ قَامَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنِّي رَسُولُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ
Abu Bakr said, ‘Is it anger?’ He-asws said: ‘No, except that it has been Revealed unto him-saww: “No one should deliver except a man from you-saww!” When Ali-asws arrived at Makkah, and it was the day of the sacrifice after Al-Zohar, and it is the day of the greatest Hajj, he-asws stood and said: ‘I-asws am a messenger of Rasool-Allah-saww to you all!’
فَقَرَأَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ- بَراءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عاهَدْتُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ- فَسِيحُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ وَ الْمُحَرَّمَ وَ صَفَرَ وَ شَهْرَ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ وَ عَشْراً مِنْ رَبِيعٍ الْآخَرِ
He-asws read it to them: (This is) a disavowment from Allah and His Rasool to those of the Polytheists you had a treaty with [9:1] So go about in the land for four months [9:2] – twentieth of Zul Hijja, and Al-Muharram, and Safar, and the month of Rabbi Al-Awwal, and ten (days) from Rabbi Al-Akher.
وَ قَالَ لَا يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَا عُرْيَانَةٌ وَ لَا مُشْرِكٌ أَلَا مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَهْدٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَمُدَّتُهُ إِلَى هَذِهِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ الْأَشْهُرِ.
And he-asws said: ‘No naked man or naked woman can perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah), nor can any Polytheist. Indeed! One who had a pact for him with Rasool-Allah-saww, so it is to its term up to these four months’’.[189]
وَ فِي خَبَرِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ فَقَالَ: يَا عَلِيُّ هَلْ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ مُنْذُ فَارَقْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ أَبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يُبَلِّغَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنْهُ
And in a Hadeeth of Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘He (Abu Bakr) said, ‘O Ali-asws! Has anything been Revealed regarding me since I separated from Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-asws said: ‘No, but Allah-azwj Refused from any one to deliver on behalf of Muhammad-saww except a man from him-saww’.
فَوَافَى الْمَوْسِمَ فَبَلَّغَ عَنِ اللَّهِ وَ عَنْ رَسُولِهِ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ الْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ عِنْدَ الْجِمَارِ وَ فِي أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ كُلِّهَا يُنَادِي- بَراءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عاهَدْتُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ- فَسِيحُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ لَا يَطُوفَنَّ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ.
He-asws discharged his-asws Obligations of the season (Hajj), and delivered on behalf of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww at Arafaat, and Al-Muzdalifa, and on the day of the sacrifice at the rocks, and during the days of Tashreek (11th, 12th and 13th of Zilhajj) – all of these calling out: (This is) a disavowment from Allah and His Rasool to those of the Polytheists you had a treaty with [9:1] So go about in the land for four months [9:2], nor can anyone perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah) naked’’.[190]
16- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِبَرَاءَةَ لَهْواً كَانَ يَبْعَثُ بِهَا مَعَهُ ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُهَا مِنْهُ وَ لَكِنَّهُ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ عَلَى الْمَوْسِمِ وَ بَعَثَ بِهَا عَلِيّاً ع بَعْدَ مَا فَصَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَنِ الْمَوْسِمِ فَقَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ حِينَ بَعَثَهُ إِنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنِّي إِلَّا أَنَا وَ أَنْتَ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Al Zurara who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘No, by Allah-azwj! Rasool-Allah-saww did not send Abu Bakr with (Surah) Bara’a in vain, that he-saww would send it with him then take it back from him. But, he-saww utilised him upon the season (Hajj) and sent Ali-asws with it afterwards when Abu Bakr was at a distance from the season (Hajj)’. He-saww said to Ali-asws when he-saww sent him-asws: ‘No one shall deliver it on my-saww behalf except I-saww or you-asws’’.[191]
17- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: خَطَبَ عَلِيٌّ النَّاسَ وَ اخْتَرَطَ سَيْفَهُ وَ قَالَ- لَا يَطُوفَنَّ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَا يَحُجَّنَّ بِالْبَيْتِ مُشْرِكٌ وَ لَا مُشْرِكَةٌ وَ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ مُدَّةٌ فَهُوَ إِلَى مُدَّتِهِ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مُدَّةٌ فَمُدَّتُهُ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws addressed the people and unsheathed his-asws sword, and said: ‘Neither will anyone naked perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah), nor will any Polytheist man perform Hajj of the House nor any Polytheist woman, and the one who had a term for him, so he is to his term, and one who does not happen to have any term for him, so his term is four months’.
وَ كَانَ خَطَبَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ وَ كَانَتْ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ وَ الْمُحَرَّمَ وَ صَفَرَ وَ شَهْرَ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ وَ عَشْراً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ الْآخِرِ وَ قَالَ يَوْمُ النَّحْرِ يَوْمُ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ.
And he-asws had addressed on the day of the sacrifice, and it was twentieth of Zulhijja, and Al-Muharram, and Safar, and the month of Rabbi Al-Awwal, and ten (days) from the month of Rabbi Al-Akher’. And he (Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘The day of the sacrifice is the day of the greatest Hajj’’.[192]
وَ فِي خَبَرِ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ عَنْهُ ع فَبَلَّغَ عَنِ اللَّهِ وَ عَنْ رَسُولِهِ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ الْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَ عِنْدَ الْجِمَارِ فِي أَيَّامِ الْمَوْسِمِ كُلِّهَا يُنَادِي بَراءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ لَا يَطُوفَنَّ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَا يَقْرَبَنَّ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ بَعْدَ عَامِنَا هَذَا مُشْرِكٌ.
And in a Hadeeth of Abu Al Sabbah,
‘From him-asws: ‘He-asws delivered on behalf of Allah-azwj and on behalf of His-azwj Rasool-saww at Arafaat, and Al-Muzdalifa, and by the rocks during the days of the season (Hajj), in all of these he-asws called out: (This is) a disavowment from Allah and His Rasool [9:1], nor will anyone perform Tawaaf naked, nor can any Polytheist go near the Sacred Masjid after this season (year) of ours’’.[193]
18- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حَسَنٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص حِينَ بَعَثَهُ بِبَرَاءَةَ قَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَسْتُ بِلَسِنٍ وَ لَا بِخَطِيبٍ قَالَ إِمَّا أَنْ أَذْهَبَ بِهَا أَوْ تَذْهَبَ بِهَا أَنْتَ قَالَ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَا بُدَّ فَسَأَذْهَبُ أَنَا
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Hassan,
‘From Ali-asws that the Prophet-saww, when he-saww sent him-asws with (Surah) Bara’a, said: ‘O Prophet-saww of Allah! I-asws am not with years (old age) nor a preacher’. He-saww said: ‘But either I-saww go with it or you-asws go with it’. He-asws said: ‘So, if it is inevitable, then I-asws shall be going’.
قَالَ فَانْطَلِقْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يُثَبِّتُ لِسَانَكَ وَ يَهْدِي قَلْبَكَ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى فَمِهِ وَ قَالَ انْطَلِقْ فَاقْرَأْهَا عَلَى النَّاسِ
He-saww said: ‘So, go, for Allah-azwj will Affirm your-asws tongue and Guide your-asws heart’. Then he-saww placed his-saww hand upon his-saww mouth and said: ‘Go and recite it to the people’.
وَ قَالَ النَّاسُ سَيَتَقَاضَوْنَ إِلَيْكَ فَإِذَا أَتَاكَ الْخَصْمَانِ فَلَا تَقْضِ لِوَاحِدٍ حَتَّى تَسْمَعَ الْآخَرَ فَإِنَّهُ أَجْدَرُ أَنْ تَعْلَمَ الْحَقَ.
And he-saww said: ‘The people would be bringing their disputes to you-asws, so when the disputants come, do not judge for one until you listen to the other, for it is better if you-asws know the truth’’.[194]
19- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ: وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لِعَلِيٍّ لَاسْماً فِي الْقُرْآنِ مَا يَعْرِفُهُ النَّاسُ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi, from Hakeem Bin Al-Husayn,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘By Allah-azwj! There are names for Ali-asws in the Quran what the people do not know’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ أَيَّ شَيْءٍ تَقُولُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَقَالَ لِي وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ
He (the narrator said), ‘I said, ‘And which thing are you-asws talking about, may I be sacrificed for you-asws?’ So he-asws said to me: ‘And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool to the people on the day of the Greatest Hajj [9:3]’.
قَالَ فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع هُوَ وَ اللَّهِ الْمُؤَذِّنَ فَأَذَّنَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ مِنَ الْمَوَاقِفِ كُلِّهَا فَكَانَ مَا نَادَى بِهِ أَنْ لَا يَطُوفَ بَعْدَ هَذَا الْعَامِ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَا يَقْرَبَ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ بَعْدَ هَذَا الْعَامِ مُشْرِكٌ.
He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Amir-Al-Momineen-asws and he-asws was, by Allah-azwj, the proclaimer (المؤذن). Therefore, he-asws called with the Call of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww on the day of the Greatest Hajj, from every pausing place. What he-asws called out with was that: ‘No naked person shall perform Tawaaf after this year, nor a Polytheist is to come near to the Sacred Masjid after this year’’.[195]
20- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: فِي الْأَذَانِ هُوَ اسْمٌ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ لَا يَعْلَمُ ذَلِكَ أَحَدٌ غَيْرِي.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi, from Hareez,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said regarding the ‘Azaan’: ‘It is a name in the Book of Allah-azwj, no one knows that apart from me-asws’’.[196]
21- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ عَشْرَ آيَاتٍ مِنْ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةَ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ فِيهَا ذِكْرُ نَبْذِ الْعَهْدِ إِلَى الْكَافِرِينَ وَ تَحْرِيمُ قُرْبِ مَكَّةَ عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ أَمَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَلَى الْحَجِّ لِيَحِجَّ بِمَنْ ضَمَّهُ الْمَوْسِمَ وَ يَقْرَأَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْآيَاتِ
Tafseer Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) – ‘Then Rasool-Allah-saww sent ten Verses from Surah Bara’at (Chapter 9) with Abu Bakr Bin Abu Qohafa, and therein was a mention of the renouncement of the pacts to the Kafirs, and Prohibition of polytheists coming close to Makkah, and he-saww ordered Abu Bakr Bin Abu Qohafa to perform Hajj with the ones with him during the season (for the Hajj), and recite the Verses to them.
فَلَمَّا صَدَرَ عَنْهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ جَاءَهُ الْمُطَوَّقُ بِالنُّورِ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ الْعَلِيَّ الْأَعْلَى يَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنْكَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ فَابْعَثْ عَلِيّاً لِيَتَنَاوَلَ الْآيَاتِ فَيَكُونَ هُوَ الَّذِي يَنْبِذُ الْعُهُودَ وَ يَقْرَأُ الْآيَاتِ
But, when Abu Bakr left from him-saww, Jibraeel-as came to him-saww collared with light, and he-as said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! The Most Exalted Conveys the greetings to you-saww and is saying: ‘O Muhammad-saww! It should not be performed except by you-saww or a man from you-saww’. So he-saww sent Ali-asws to take the Verses, so he-asws would happen to be the one who would renounce the pacts and he-asws would recite the Verses.
وَ قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا أَمَرَكَ رَبُّكَ بِدَفْعِهَا إِلَى عَلِيٍّ وَ نَزْعِهَا مِنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ سَهْواً وَ لَا شَكّاً وَ لَا اسْتِدْرَاكاً عَلَى نَفْسِهِ غَلَطاً وَ لَكِنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُبَيِّنَ لِضُعَفَاءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَنَّ الْمَقَامَ الَّذِي يُقَوِّمُهُ أَخُوكَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَنْ يُقَوِّمَهُ غَيْرُهُ سِوَاكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ وَ إِنْ جَلَّتْ فِي عُيُونِ هَؤُلَاءِ الضُّعَفَاءِ مِنْ أُمَّتِكَ مَرْتَبَتُهُ وَ شَرُفَتْ عِنْدَهُمْ مَنْزِلَتُهُ
O Muhammad-saww! Your Lord-azwj did not Command you-saww with handing it over to Ali-asws and taking it from Abu Bakr, neither out of forgetfulness, nor a doubt, nor a realisation of a mistake upon Himself-azwj. But, He-azwj Wanted to Clarify for the weak ones of the Muslims that the position which He-azwj has Positioned your-saww brother Ali-asws in, He-azwj will never Position someone else besides you-saww, O Muhammad-saww, and even if he (Abu Bakr) is of a majestic rank in the eyes of these weak ones from your-saww community, and his status is noble in their eyes’.
فَلَمَّا انْتَزَعَ عَلِيٌّ ع الْآيَاتِ مِنْ يَدِهِ لَقِيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي لِمَوْجِدَةٍ كَانَ نَزْعُ هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ مِنِّي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا وَ لَكِنَّ الْعَلِيَّ الْعَظِيمَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ لَا يَنُوبَ عَنِّي إِلَّا مَنْ هُوَ مِنِّي
When Ali-asws took away the Verses from his hand, Abu Bakr met Rasool-Allah-saww after that, and he said, ‘May my father and my mother be (sacrificed) for you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww instructed Ali-asws to take these Verses from my hands?’ Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘No! But, it was the Most Exalted Who Commanded me-saww that none should represent on my-saww behalf except for the one who is from me-saww.
وَ أَمَّا أَنْتَ فَقَدْ عَوَّضَكَ اللَّهُ بِمَا حَمَّلَكَ مِنْ آيَاتِهِ وَ كَلَّفَكَ مِنْ طَاعَاتِهِ الدَّرَجَاتِ الرَّفِيعَةَ وَ الْمَرَاتِبَ الشَّرِيفَةَ أَمَا إِنَّكَ إِنْ دُمْتَ عَلَى مُوَالاتِنَا وَ وَافَيْتَنَا فِي عَرَصَاتِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَفِيّاً بِمَا أَخَذْنَا بِهِ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ الْعُهُودِ وَ الْمَوَاثِيقِ فَأَنْتَ مِنْ خِيَارِ شِيعَتِنَا وَ كِرَامِ أَهْلِ مَوَدَّتِنَا فَسُرِّيَ بِذَلِكَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ
And as for you, so Allah-azwj has Compensated you (instead) with what you had carried from His-azwj Verses, and your being encumbered from His-azwj obedience, lofty levels and noble ranks – provided if you remain upon our-asws Wilayah, and you would come to us in the plains of the (Day of) Judgment – having been loyal with what we-asws took will upon you from the pacts and the Covenants – then you would be from the best of our-asws Shias and the most honourable of the people of our-asws cordiality’. Abu Bakr was joyful with that.
قَالَ فَمَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ نَبْذِ الْعُهُودِ إِلَى أَعْدَاءِ اللَّهِ وَ أَيِسَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ مِنَ الدُّخُولِ بَعْدَ عَامِهِمْ ذَلِكَ إِلَى حَرَمِ اللَّهِ وَ كَانُوا عَدَداً كَثِيراً وَ جَمّاً غَفِيراً غَشَّاهُمُ اللَّهُ نُورَهُ وَ كَسَاهُ فِيهِمْ هَيْبَةً وَ جَلَالًا لَمْ يَجْسُرُوا مَعَهَا عَلَى إِظْهَارِ خِلَافٍ وَ لَا قَصْدٍ بِسُوءٍ
He (Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘Ali-asws went away for the Command of Allah-azwj and renounced the pacts to the enemies of Allah-azwj, and the polytheists despaired from the entering into the Harram of Allah-azwj after that year of theirs. And (although) they used to be a large number and a multitude crowd, Allah-azwj Overlaid His-azwj Light and Clothed among them Awe and Majesty. They could not be audacious with it, upon the displaying of opposition, nor aiming with evil’.
قَالَ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ وَ مَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ مَنَعَ مَساجِدَ اللَّهِ أَنْ يُذْكَرَ فِيهَا اسْمُهُ فِي مَسَاجِدِ خِيَارِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَكَّةَ لَمَّا مَنَعُوهُمْ مِنَ التَّعَبُّدِ فِيهَا بِأَنْ أَلْجَئُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى الْخُرُوجِ عَنْ مَكَّةَ- وَ سَعى فِي خَرابِها خَرَابِ تِلْكَ الْمَسَاجِدِ لِئَلَّا يُقَامَ فِيهَا بِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ
He (Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘So these are His-azwj Words: And who is more unjust than one who prevents (people from) the Masjids of Allah, that His Name be mentioned in them [2:114] – and these were the Masjids (built by) the best of the Momineen at Makkah and for preventing them from the worship in them, that when Rasool-Allah-saww embarked to exit from Makkah, and strives to ruin them [2:114] – ruin those Masjids perhaps in these would be established the obedience of Allah-azwj.
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- أُولئِكَ ما كانَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوها إِلَّا خائِفِينَ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا بِقَاعَ تِلْكَ الْمَسَاجِدِ فِي الْحَرَمِ إِلَّا خَائِفِينَ مِنْ عَذَابِهِ وَ حُكْمِهِ النَّافِذِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا كَافِرِينَ بِسُيُوفِهِ وَ سِيَاطِهِ- لَهُمْ لِهَؤُلَاءِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فِي الدُّنْيا خِزْيٌ وَ هُوَ طَرْدُهُ إِيَّاهُمْ عَنِ الْحَرَمِ وَ مَنْعُهُمْ أَنْ يَعُودُوا إِلَيْهِ- وَ لَهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ عَذابٌ عَظِيمٌ.
Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: (As for) they, it was not for them that they should be entering them except fearing – that they should be entering a spot of that Masjid in the Harram (Sanctuary) only as fearing from His-azwj Justice and His-azwj Ruling to be implemented upon them – that they are entering it as Kafirs – by his sword and his whip (for them). for them –for these Polytheists in the world is disgrace – and it is His-azwj Expulsion of them from the Sanctuary, and Forbidding them from returning to it and for them in the Hereafter is a grievous Punishment [2:114]’’.[197]
22- كشف، كشف الغمة مِنْ مُسْنَدِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ مَرْفُوعاً إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص بَعَثَ بِبَرَاءَةَ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ- لَا يَحِجُّ بَعْدَ الْعَامِ مُشْرِكٌ وَ لَا يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَا تَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا نَفْسٌ مُسْلِمَةٌ وَ مَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مُدَّةٌ فَأَجَلُهُ إِلَى مُدَّتِهِ وَ اللَّهُ بَرِيءٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ رَسُولُهُ
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’, from (the book) ‘Musnad’ of Ahmad Bin Hanbal, raising it to Abu Bakr,
‘The Prophet-saww sent (me) with (Surah) Bara’a to the people of Makkah – No Polytheist will perform Hajj after the season (this year), nor perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah) naked, nor enter the Paradise except a Muslim soul. One who had a term between him and Rasool-Allah-saww, so his period is to his stipulated term. Allah is disavowed from the Polytheists and His Rasool [9:3].
قَالَ فَسَارَ بِهَا ثَلَاثاً ثُمَّ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ الْحَقْهُ فَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ بَلِّغْهَا أَنْتَ قَالَ فَفَعَلَ قَالَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَكَى فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ حَدَثَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ قَالَ مَا حَدَثَ فِيكَ شَيْءٌ وَ لَكِنْ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ لَا يُبَلِّغَهُ إِلَّا أَنَا أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنِّي.
He (the narrator) said, ‘He (Abu Bakr) travelled with it for three (days), then he-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘Catch up with him and return Abu Bakr to me-saww, and you-asws deliver it’. He-asws did so. When Abu Bakr arrive to the Prophet-saww he wept. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Has there been anything new about me?’ He-saww said: ‘Nothing new has occurred regarding you, but I-saww am Commanded that no one should deliver it except I-saww or a man from me-saww’’.[198]
23- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَمْدُونٍ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ اسْماً وَ لَكِنْ لَا يَعْرِفُونَهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ مَا هُوَ قَالَ أَ لَمْ تَسْمَعْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى- وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ هُوَ وَ اللَّهِ كَانَ الْأَذَانَ.
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ali Bin Hamdoun, transmitting,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘There is a name for Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws in the Book of Allah-azwj, but none know it’. I said, ‘What is it?’ He-asws said: ‘Do you not listen to Words of the Exalted: “And a proclamation from Allah-azwj and His Rasool-saww to the people on the day of the Greatest Hajj”, By Allah-azwj! He-asws was the Azaan (proclamation)’’.[199]
24- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُمَرَ الزُّهْرِيُّ مُعَنْعَناً عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرَ الصَّادِقَ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص بَعَثَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِبَرَاءَةَ فَسَارَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْجُحْفَةَ فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فِي طَلَبِهِ فَأَدْرَكَهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِعَلِيٍّ ع أَ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ لَا يُؤَدِّيهِ إِلَّا نَبِيُّهُ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُ وَ أَخَذَ عَلِيٌّ ع الصَّحِيفَةَ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Umar Al Zuhry, transmitting from Isa Bin Abdullah who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah Ja’far Al-Sadiq-asws (saying): ‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Abu Bakr with (Surah) Bara’a. He travelled until he reached Al-Johfa. Rasool-Allah-saww sent Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws in his pursuit. He-asws came across him. Abu Bakr said to Ali-asws, ‘Has anything been Revealed regarding me?’ He-asws said: ‘No, but none shall deliver it except His-azwj Prophet-saww or a man from him-saww’, and Ali-asws took the Quran.
وَ أَتَى الْمَوْسِمَ وَ كَانَ يَطُوفُ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَ مَعَهُ السَّيْفُ وَ يَقُولُ بَراءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عاهَدْتُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ- فَسِيحُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ فَلَا يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ بَعْدَ عَامِهِ هَذَا وَ لَا مُشْرِكٌ فَمَنْ فَعَلَ فَإِنَّ مُعَاتَبَتَنَا إِيَّاهُ بِالسَّيْفِ
And came to the season (Hajj), and he-asws was circling around the people and with him-asws was the sword, and he-asws was saying: (This is) a disavowment from Allah and His Rasool to those of the Polytheists you had a treaty with [9:1] So go about in the land for four months [9:2]. No one shall perform Tawaaf with the House (Kabah) naked after this season (year) of his, nor any Polytheist. One who does so, we shall pursue him with the sword!’
قَالَ وَ كَانَ يَبْعَثَهُ إِلَى الْأَصْنَامِ فَيُكَسِّرُهَا وَ يَقُولُ لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنِّي إِلَّا أَنَا وَ أَنْتَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَوْمَ لَحِقَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع بِالْخَنْدَقِ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا عَلِيُّ أَ مَا تَرْضَى أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي وَ أَنْتَ خَلِيفَتِي فِي أَهْلِي وَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَصْلُحُ لَهَا إِلَّا أَنَا وَ أَنْتَ.
He (Abu Ja’far-asws) said: ‘And he-saww had (actually) sent him-asws to the idols to break these and he-saww said: ‘No one shall deliver from me-saww except I-saww and you-asws’. He-saww had said to him-asws on the day Ali-asws met him-saww at Al-Khandaq during the military expedition of Tabuk, Rasool-Allah-saww said to him-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Are you-asws not pleased that you-asws happen to be from me-asws at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as except there is no Prophet-saww after me-saww, and you-asws are my-saww caliph among my-saww family, and no one is correct for it except I-saww and you-asws’’.[200]
25- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ الْبَجَلِيُّ مُعَنْعَناً عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى بَراءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عاهَدْتُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَقُولُ بَراءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ مِنَ الْعَهْدِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عاهَدْتُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ غَيْرَ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَيْنَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ بَيْنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلْثٌ مِنْ عُقُودٍ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ رَسُولَهُ أَنْ يَنْبِذَ إِلَى كُلِّ ذِي عَهْدٍ عَهْدَهُمْ إِلَّا مَنْ أَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ وَ آتَى الزَّكَاةَ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ali Bin Al Abbas Al Bajali, from Ibn Abbas –
‘Words of the Exalted: (This is) a disavowment from Allah and His Rasool to those of the Polytheists you had a treaty with [9:1], He-azwj is Saying: (This is) a disavowment from Allah and His Rasool – from the pact, to those of the Polytheists you had a treaty with [9:1], apart from four months. When it was between the Prophet-saww and the Polytheists permanence from the agreements, so Allah-azwj Commanded His-azwj Rasool-saww that he-saww should discard to everyone with a pact, their pacts except one who establishes the Salat and gives the Zakat.
فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ غَزْوَةُ تَبُوكَ وَ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ تِسْعٍ فِي شَهْرِ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ الْحَرَامِ مِنْ مُهَاجَرَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَاتُ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص حِينَ فَتَحَ مَكَّةَ لَمْ يُؤْمَرْ أَنْ يَمْنَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ يَحُجُّوا وَ كَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يَحُجُّونَ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى سُنَّتِهِمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَ عَلَى أُمُورِهِمُ الَّتِي كَانُوا عَلَيْهَا فِي طَوَافِهِمْ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرَاةً وَ تَحْرِيمِهِمُ الشُّهُورَ الْحُرُمَ وَ الْقَلَائِدَ وَ وُقُوفِهِمْ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ
When it was the military expedition of Tabuk and year nine from the Emigration of Rasool-Allah-saww entered into the month of Zul Hijja the sacred, these Verses were Revealed, and when Rasool-Allah-saww conquered Makkah, he-saww did not order the prevention of the Polytheists from performing Hajj, and the Polytheists were performing the Hajj along with the Muslims upon their own ways during the Pre-Islamic period, and upon their own affairs which they were upon in their performance of Tawaaf of the House (Kabah), naked, and their sanctifying the Sacred months, and the ‘Collars’ (of barks of the trees), and their pausing at Muzdalifa.
فَأَرَادَ الْحَجَّ فَكَرِهَ أَنْ يَسْمَعَ تَلْبِيَةَ الْعَرَبِ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ وَ الطَّوَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرَاةً فَبَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِلَى الْمَوْسِمِ وَ بَعَثَ مَعَهُ بِهَؤُلَاءِ الْآيَاتِ مِنْ بَرَاءَةَ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَقْرَأَهَا عَلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَرْفَعَ الْحُمْسَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَ كِنَانَةَ وَ خُزَاعَةَ إِلَى عَرَفَاتٍ
He-saww intended to perform the Hajj, and he-saww dislike it that he-saww should hear Talbiyya of the Arabs for other than Allah-azwj and the performance of the Tawaaf of the House (Kabah) naked. So, the Prophet-saww sent Abu Bakr to the season (Hajj) and sent him with these Verses from (Surah) Bara’a and instructed him to recite these to the people on the day of greatest Hajj, and instructed him to raise (bar) the rituals of (clans of) Quraysh and Kinana and Khuza’a to Arafaat.
فَسَارَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ إِنَّهُ لَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ عَنِّي غَيْرُكَ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ يَعْنِي عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
Abu Bakr travelled until he descended at Zul Huleyfa. Jibraeel-as descended unto the Prophet-saww. He-as said: ‘Allah-azwj is Saying: “It should never be delivered by anyone on My-azwj behalf apart from you-saww or a man from you-saww!” – meaning Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws.
فَبَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ عَلِيّاً فِي أَثَرِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ لِيَدْفَعَ إِلَيْهِ هَؤُلَاءِ الْآيَاتِ مِنْ بَرَاءَةَ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُنَادِيَ بِهِنَّ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ وَ هُوَ يَوْمُ النَّحْرِ وَ أَنْ يُبْرِئَ ذِمَّةَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ مِنْ كُلِّ أَهْلِ عَهْدٍ وَ حَمَلَهُ عَلَى نَاقَتِهِ الْعَضْبَاءِ
So the Prophet-saww sent Ali-asws in the tracks of Abu Bakr to hand over those Verses from (Surah) Bara’a to him-asws, and he-saww instructed him-asws to call out among the people with these on the day of the greatest Hajj, and it is the day of sacrifice, and that Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww are free from the responsibility from the pact of every people, and he-saww made him-asws to be carried upon his-saww camel Al-Azba’a.
فَسَارَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع عَلَى نَاقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَدْرَكَهُ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَ أَمِيرٌ أَوْ مَأْمُورٌ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع بَعَثَنِي النَّبِيُّ ص لِتَدْفَعَ إِلَيَّ بَرَاءَةَ
Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws travelled upon the camel of Rasool-Allah-saww and came across him at Zul Huleyfa. When Abu Bakr saw him, said, ‘Commander of commanded?’ Ali-asws said: ‘The Prophet-saww sent me-asws for you to hand over (Surah) Bara’a to me-asws’.
قَالَ فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ وَ انْصَرَفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا لِي نَزَعْتَ مِنِّي بَرَاءَةَ أَ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He handed it to him-asws, and Abu Bakr left to go to Rasool-Allah-saww. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What is the matter you-saww snatched (Surah) Bara’a from me? Has anything been Revealed regarding me?’
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ نَزَلَ عَلَيَّ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُنِي أَنَّهُ لَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ عَنِّي غَيْرِي أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنِّي فَأَنَا وَ عَلِيٌّ مِنْ شَجَرَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ النَّاسُ مِنْ شَجَرٍ شَتَّى أَ مَا تَرْضَى يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَنَّكَ صَاحِبِي فِي الْغَارِ قَالَ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
The Prophet-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as descended unto me-saww and informed me-saww that Allah-azwj has Commanded me-saww that it should never be delivered on my-saww behalf apart from me-saww or a man from me-saww. I-saww and Ali-asws are from one tree and the people are from various trees. Are you not pleased, O Abu Bakr, you are (were) my-saww companion in the cave?’ He said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ وَ فَرَغَ النَّاسُ مِنْ رَمْيِ الْجَمْرَةِ الْكُبْرَى قَامَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع عِنْدَ الْجَمْرَةِ فَنَادَى فِي النَّاسِ فَاجْتَمَعُوا إِلَيْهِ فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّحِيفَةَ بِهَؤُلَاءِ الْآيَاتِ- بَراءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عاهَدْتُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَخَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُمْ
When it was the day of the greatest Hajj and the people were free from pelting the largest rock, Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws stood up by the rock and called out among the people. They gathered to him-asws. He-asws read out to them the Quran with these Verses: (This is) a disavowment from Allah and His Rasool to those of the Polytheists you had a treaty with [9:1] – up to His-azwj Words: then free their way; [9:5].
ثُمَّ نَادَى أَلَا لَا يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَا يَحِجَّنَّ مُشْرِكٌ بَعْدَ عَامِهِ هَذَا وَ إِنَّ لِكُلِّ ذِي عَهْدٍ عَهْدَهُ إِلَى مُدَّتِهِ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُدْخِلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَ مُسْلِماً وَ إِنَّ أَجَلَكُمْ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ إِلَى أَنْ تَبْلُغُوا بُلْدَانَكُمْ فَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى فَسِيحُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ أَذَّنَ النَّاسَ كُلَّهُمْ بِالْقِتَالِ إِنْ لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا فَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى النَّاسِ
Then he-asws called out: ‘Indeed! Neither will a naked one perform Tawaaf nor any Polytheist perform Hajj after this season (year of his), and for each one with a pact is his pact up to its term, and no one will enter the Paradise except one who was a Muslim, and your term is four months until you reach your cities. It is the Word of the Exalted: So, go about in the land for four months [9:2]’. And he-asws proclaimed to the people, all of them, with the fighting if they did not believe, so it is His-azwj Word: And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool to the people [9:3].
قَالَ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْعَهْدِ خُزَاعَةَ وَ بَنِي مُدْلِجٍ وَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَهْدٌ غَيْرِهِمْ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ قَالَ فَالْأَذَانُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع النِّدَاءُ الَّذِي نَادَى بِهِ
He-asws said to the people of the pacts, (clan of) Khuza’a and clan of Mudlij, and the one who had a pact for him, from others, on the day of the Greatest Hajj [9:3]’. So, the ‘Azaan’ is Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, the clan which he-asws called out with’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا قَالَ فَسِيحُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ قَالُوا وَ عَلَى مَا تُسَيِّرُنَا أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ فَقَدْ بَرِئْنَا مِنْكَ وَ مِنِ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ إِنْ شِئْتَ الْآنَ الطَّعْنُ وَ الضَّرْبُ
He said, ‘When he-asws said: So, go about in the land for four months [9:2], they said, ‘And upon what are you giving us respite of four months? We have disavowed from you-asws and from the son-saww of your-asws uncle. If you-asws so like, now can be the stabbing and the strike!’
ثُمَّ اسْتَثْنَى اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ عاهَدْتُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَالَ الْعَهْدُ مَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَلْثٌ مِنْ عُقُودٍ عَلَى الْمُوَادَعَةِ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ
The Allah-azwj Made an exclusion from them. He-azwj Said: Except those of the Polytheists you had a treaty with, [9:4]. He said, ‘The pact of the one between him and the Prophet-saww was constant from the agreements, were upon the reconciliation, from the (clan) of Khuza’a and others.
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ فَسِيحُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ لِكَيْ يَتَفَرَّقُوا عَنْ مَكَّةَ وَ تِجَارَتِهَا فَيَبْلُغُوا إِلَى أَهْلِهِمْ ثُمَّ إِنْ لَقُوهُمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ قَتَلُوهُمْ وَ الْأَرْبَعَةُ الْأَشْهُرِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ فِيهَا دِمَاءَهُمْ عِشْرُونَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ وَ الْمُحَرَّمُ وَ صَفَرُ وَ رَبِيعٌ الْأَوَّلُ وَ عَشْرٌ مِنْ رَبِيعٍ الْآخَرِ فَهَذِهِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ الْمُسَيَّحَاتُ مِنْ يَوْمِ قِرَاءَةِ الصَّحِيفَةِ الَّتِي قَرَأَهَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
And as for His-azwj Words: So, go about in the land for four months [9:2], for them to disperse away from Makkah and its trading, so they would reach to their term. Then they would be facing their killing after that, and the four months which Allah-azwj has Prohibited (shedding of) their blood during these, was from twentieth of Zul Hijja, and Al-Muharram, and Safar, and Rabbi Al-Awwal, and ten (days) from Rabbi Al-Akher. So, these are four month of ‘going around’ from the day of the recitation of the Quran which Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws had recited.
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ غَيْرُ مُعْجِزِي اللَّهِ وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ مُخْزِي الْكافِرِينَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَيُظْهِرُ نَبِيَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَ السَّلَامُ
Then He-azwj Said: and know that you cannot frustrate Allah and that Allah will Frustrate the Kafirs [9:2], O Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj! He said, ‘He-azwj Made His-azwj Prophet-saww to prevail’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ اسْتَثْنَى فَنَسَخَ مِنْهَا فَقَالَ- إِلَّا الَّذِينَ عاهَدْتُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ هَؤُلَاءِ بَنُو ضَمْرَةَ وَ بَنُو مُدْلِجٍ حَيَّانَ مِنْ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ كَانُوا حُلَفَاءَ النَّبِيِّ فِي غَزْوَةِ بَنِي الْعُشَيْرَةِ مِنْ بَطْنِ يَنْبُعَ-
He said, ‘Then He-azwj Made an exclusion, so He-azwj Abrogated from it. He-azwj Said: Except those of the Polytheists you had a treaty with, [9:4] – they are the clans of Zamrah, and clan of Mudlij, two tribes from the clan of Kinana. They were allies of the Prophet-saww in the military expedition of the clan of Al-Usheyra from the interior of Yanbu.
ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنْقُصُوكُمْ شَيْئاً يَقُولُ لَمْ يَنْقُضُوا عَهْدَهُمْ بِغَدْرٍ- وَ لَمْ يُظاهِرُوا عَلَيْكُمْ أَحَداً قَالَ لَمْ يُظَاهِرُوا عَدُوَّكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ- فَأَتِمُّوا إِلَيْهِمْ عَهْدَهُمْ إِلى مُدَّتِهِمْ يَقُولُ أَجَلِهِمُ الَّذِي شَرَطْتُمْ لَهُمْ- إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ قَالَ الَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَ اللَّهَ فِيمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ يُوفُونَ بِالْعَهْدِ
(His-azwj Words): then they did not break anything (from it) [9:4] – He-azwj is Saying they did not break they oaths with betrayal, and did not back anyone against you [9:4]. He said, ‘They did not support their enemies against you-saww, so complete their treaty to them up to their term; [9:4]. He-azwj is Saying, their term which was stipulated to them, surely Allah Loves the pious [9:4]. He said, ‘Those who are fearing Allah-azwj in what He-azwj has Prohibited upon them and are being loyal with the pact’.
قَالَ فَلَمْ يُعَاهِدِ النَّبِيُّ ص بَعْدَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْآيَاتِ أَحَداً قَالَ ثُمَّ نُسِخَ ذَلِكَ فَأُنْزِلَ فَإِذَا انْسَلَخَ الْأَشْهُرُ الْحُرُمُ قَالَ هَذَا الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَا مُنْذُ يَوْمَ قَرَأَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّحِيفَةَ يَقُولُ فَإِذَا مَضَتِ الْأَرْبَعَةُ الْأَشْهُرِ قَاتَلُوا الَّذِينَ انْقَضَى عَهْدُهُمْ فِي الْحِلِّ وَ الْحَرَمِ- حَيْثُ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمْ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
He said, ‘The Prophet-saww did not pact any pact with anyone after these Verses. Then that was Abrogated. He-azwj Revealed: So when the Sacred Months have passed, [9:5]. He said, ‘This is which we mentioned since the day Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws recited the Quran to them. He-azwj is Saying, when the four months had passed, they fight those who have broken their pacts in the ‘free (outside the Sanctuary) and the Sanctuary, wherever you find them – up to the end of the Verse.
قَالَ ثُمَّ اسْتَثْنَى فَنَسَخَ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ- وَ إِنْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ اسْتَجارَكَ فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّى يَسْمَعَ كَلامَ اللَّهِ قَالَ مَنْ بُعِثَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ يَسْأَلُكَ لِتُؤْمِنَهُ حَتَّى يَلْقَاكَ فَيَسْمَعَ مَا تَقُولُ وَ يَسْمَعَ مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ- فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّى يَسْمَعَ كَلامَ اللَّهِ وَ هُوَ كَلَامُكَ بِالْقُرْآنِ- ثُمَّ أَبْلِغْهُ مَأْمَنَهُ يَقُولُ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ مَأْمَنَهُ مِنْ بِلَادِهِ
He said, ‘Then He-azwj Made an exclusion, so He-azwj Abrogated from them. He-azwj Said: And if one of the Polytheists seeks asylum from you, grant him asylum until he hears the Speech of Allah, [9:6]. He-azwj Said, the one from the people of Shirk who comes to you-saww asking you-saww to grant him safety until he-saww meets you-asws and he hears what you-saww are saying and here what is being Revealed to you-saww, so he is safe: grant him asylum until he hears the Speech of Allah, [9:6], and it is your-saww with the Quran, then make him reach his safety – He-azwj is Saying, until he reached his safety of his city.
ثُمَّ قَالَ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ عَهْدٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ فَقَالَ هُمَا بَطْنَانِ بَنُو ضَمْرَةَ وَ بَنُو مُدْلِجٍ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ هَذَا فِيهِمْ حِينَ غَدَرُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ تَعَالَى- كَيْفَ وَ إِنْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَيْكُمْ لا يَرْقُبُوا فِيكُمْ إِلًّا وَ لا ذِمَّةً إِلَى ثَلَاثِ آيَاتٍ قَالَ هُمْ قُرَيْشٌ نَكَثُوا عَهْدَ النَّبِيِّ ص يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَ كَانُوا رُءُوسَ الْعَرَبِ فِي كُفْرِهِمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ فَقاتِلُوا أَئِمَّةَ الْكُفْرِ إِلَى يَنْتَهُونَ.
Then He-azwj Said: How can there be for the Polytheists an agreement with Allah and His Rasool, [9:7] – up to the end of the Verse. He said, ‘These are two, clan of Zamrah and clan of Mudlij. So, Allah-azwj Revealed this regarding them when they betrayed. Then the Exalted Said: How (can it be)! And if they were to prevail upon you, they would neither have any regard for you only nor for any guarantee. [9:8] – up to the three Verses. He said, ‘They are Quraysh breaking the pact of the Prophet-saww on the day of Al-Hudeybiyya, and they were chiefs of the Arabs in their Kufr. Then He-azwj Said: then fight the imams of Kufr – up to, they would desist [9:12]’’.[201]
26- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب وَلَّاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فِي أَدَاءِ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةَ وَ عَزَلَ بِهِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِإِجْمَاعِ الْمُفَسِّرِينَ وَ نَقَلَةِ الْأَخْبَارِ وَ رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرِيُّ وَ الْبَلاذُرِيُّ وَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ وَ الشَّعْبِيُّ وَ السُّدِّيُّ وَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ وَ الْوَاحِدِيُّ وَ الْقُرَظِيُّ وَ الْقُشَيْرِيُّ وَ السَّمْعَانِيُّ وَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ وَ ابْنُ بَطَّةَ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَ أَبُو يَعْلَى الْمَوْصِلِيُّ وَ الْأَعْمَشُ وَ سِمَاكُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ فِي كُتُبِهِمْ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَ أَنَسٍ وَ أَبِي رَافِعٍ وَ زَيْدِ بْنِ نَقِيعٍ وَ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Rasool-Allah-saww making him (Ali-asws) to be in charge of delivering Surah Bara’a and suspending Abu Bakr with it, there is consensus of the interpreters, and transmitters of the Ahadeeth, and it is reported by Al Tabari, and Al Balazuri, and Al Tirmizi, and Al Waqidi, and Al Shaby, and Al Study, and Al Sa’alby, and Al Wahidy, and Al Qurzy, and Al Qusheyri, and Al Sam’any, and Ahmad Bin Hanbal, and Ibn Battah, and Muhammad Bin Is’haq, and Abu Ya’la Al Mowsily, and Al Amsh, and Simar Bin Harb, in their books from Urwah Bin Al Zubeyr, and Abu Hureyra (well-known fabricator), and Anas (well known fabricator), and Abu Rafie, and Zayd Bin Naqie, and Ibn Umar, and Ibn Abbas,
وَ اللَّفْظُ لَهُ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا نَزَلَ بَراءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى تِسْعِ آيَاتٍ أَنْفَذَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِلَى مَكَّةَ لِأَدَائِهَا فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّيهَا إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ
‘And the words for it are: ‘When it was Revealed: (This is) a disavowment from Allah and His Rasool [9:1], to nine Verses, the Prophet-saww sent Abu Bakr to Makkah in order to deliver it. Jibraeel-as descend and said: ‘None should deliver it except you-saww or a man from you-saww!’
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ارْكَبْ نَاقَتِيَ الْعَضْبَاءَ وَ الْحَقْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ خُذْ بَرَاءَةَ مِنْ يَدِهِ
The Prophet-saww said to Amir Al-Momineen-asws: ‘Ride my-saww camel Al-Azba’a and catch up with Abu Bakr and take (Surah) Bara’a from his hand’.
قَالَ وَ لَمَّا رَجَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص جَزِعَ وَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ أَهَّلْتَنِي لِأَمْرٍ طَالَتِ الْأَعْنَاقُ فِيهِ فَلَمَّا تَوَجَّهْتُ لَهُ رَدَدْتَنِي عَنْهُ
He said, ‘And when Abu Bakr returned to the Prophet-saww, he panicked and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww had released me for a matter the necks (of others) had elongated regarding it. When I headed for it, you-saww returned me from it’.
فَقَالَ الْأَمِينُ هَبَطَ إِلَيَّ عَنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنْكَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ وَ عَلِيٌّ مِنِّي وَ لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنِّي إِلَّا عَلِيٌّ.
He-saww said: ‘The trustworthy (Jibraeel-as) descended to me-saww from Allah-azwj and Majestic that: ‘No one should deliver from you-saww except you-saww or a man from you-saww’, and Ali-asws is from me-asws, and no one shall deliver from me-saww except Ali-asws’’.[202]
وَ فِي خَبَرٍ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً قَالَ لَهُ إِنَّكَ خَطِيبٌ وَ أَنَا حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ فَقَالَ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ أَنْ تَذْهَبَ بِهَا أَوْ أَذْهَبَ بِهَا قَالَ أَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ كَذَلِكَ فَأَنَا أَذْهَبُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَسَوْفَ يُثَبِّتُ اللَّهُ لِسَانَكَ وَ يَهْدِي قَلْبَكَ.
And in a Hadeeth: ‘Ali-asws said to him-saww: ‘You-saww are a preacher and I-asws am of young age’. He-saww said: ‘There is no escape from either you-asws going with it or I-saww go with it’. He-asws said: ‘But, when it was like that, then I-asws shall go, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ He-saww said: ‘Go, for soon Allah-azwj will Affirm your-asws tongue and Guide your-asws heart’’.[203]
أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: خَطَبَ عَلِيٌّ النَّاسَ فَاخْتَرَطَ سَيْفَهُ وَ قَالَ- لَا يَطُوفَنَّ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَا يَحُجَّنَّ الْبَيْتَ مُشْرِكٌ وَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ مُدَّةٌ فَهُوَ إِلَى مُدَّتِهِ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مُدَّةٌ فَمُدَّتُهُ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ
Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Ali addressed the people and unsheathed his-asws sword and said: ‘Neither will a naked one perform Tawaaf of the House nor any Polytheist perform Hajj of the House (Kabah), and one who had a term for him, so he is to his term, and one who does not happen to have any term for him, so his term is of four months!’
زِيَادَةٌ فِي مُسْنَدِ الْمَوْصِلِيِّ وَ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا نَفْسٌ مُؤْمِنَةٌ وَ هَذَا هُوَ الَّذِي أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حِينَ قَالَ وَ طَهِّرْ بَيْتِيَ لِلطَّائِفِينَ وَ الْقائِمِينَ وَ الرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ
There is an addition in (the book) ‘Musnad’ of Al-Mowsili: ‘And no one shall enter the Paradise except a Momin soul!’ And this, by Allah-azwj, it is which Allah-azwj the Exalted had Commanded Ibrahim-as with when He-azwj Said: and Purify My House for the Tawaaf performers, and the ones standing (for the Salat), and the performers of the Rukus and the Sajdahs!” [22:26].
فَكَانَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَمَرَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْخَلِيلَ بِالنِّدَاءِ أَوَّلًا قَوْلُهُ وَ أَذِّنْ فِي النَّاسِ بِالْحَجِ وَ أَمَرَ الْوَلِيَّ بِالنِّدَاءِ آخِراً قَوْلُهُ وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ
Allah-azwj the Exalted had Commanded Ibrahim-as the Friend with calling out in the first of His-azwj Words: And proclaim among the people with the (performance of) Hajj. [22:27], and Commanded the guardian with the calling out in another of His-azwj Words: And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool [9:3].
قَالَ السُّدِّيُّ وَ أَبُو مَالِكٍ وَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَ زَيْنُ الْعَابِدِينَ ع الْأَذَانُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ الَّذِي نَادَى بِهِ.
Al-Sudy, and Abu Malik, and Ibn Abbas, and Zayn Al-Abideen-asws said: ‘The Azaan of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws is that which he-asws called out with’’.[204]
تَفْسِيرُ الْقُشَيْرِيِ أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَمَنْ أَرَادَ مِنَّا أَنْ يَلْقَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فِي بَعْضِ الْأَمْرِ بَعْدَ انْقِضَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ عَهْدٌ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع بَلَى لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ- وَ إِنْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ اسْتَجارَكَ فَأَجِرْهُ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَاتِ.
Tafseer Al-Qusheyri – ‘A man said to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, ‘So, if one from us who wants to meet Rasool-Allah-saww regarding one of the matter after the expiry of the four (months), and there isn’t any pact for him?’ Ali-asws said: ‘Yes (he can), because Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: And if one of the Polytheists seeks asylum from you, grant him asylum [9:6] – up to the end of the Verses’’.[205]
وَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَنِ الْبَاقِرَيْنِ ع قَالا قَامَ خِدَاشٌ وَ سَعِيدٌ أَخَوَا عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبْدِ وُدٍّ فَقَالا وَ عَلَى مَا تُسَيِّرُنَا أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ بَلْ بَرِئْنَا مِنْكَ وَ مِنِ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ وَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ إِلَّا السَّيْفُ وَ الرُّمْحُ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ بَدَأْنَا بِكَ
And in a Hadeeth from Al-Baqireyn (5th and 6th Imams-asws) both having said: ‘Khidash and Saeed, two brother of Amro Bin Abd Wudd stood up and said, ‘Upon what are you-asws giving us respite for four months? But, we are disavowed from you-asws and the son-saww of your-asws uncle-as, and there isn’t anything between us and the son-saww of your-asws uncle-as except the sword and the spear, and if you-asws like, we can begin with you-asws!’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع هَلُمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ غَيْرُ مُعْجِزِي اللَّهِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ إِلى مُدَّتِهِمْ.
Ali-asws said: ‘Come!’ Then he-asws said: ‘and know that you cannot frustrate Allah [9:2] – up to His-azwj Words: up to their term; [9:4]’’.[206]
تَفْسِيرُ الثَّعْلَبِيِ قَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَحْنُ نَبْرَأُ مِنْ عَهْدِكَ وَ عَهْدِ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ إِلَّا مِنَ الطَّعْنِ وَ الضَّرْبِ وَ طَفِقُوا يَقُولُونَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا مُنِعْنَا أَنْ نَبَرَّكَ.
Tafseer Al-Sa’alby – ‘The Polytheists said, ‘We are renouncing from your-asws pact and pact of the son-asws of your-asws uncle-as except from the stabbing and the striking and they commenced saying, ‘O Allah-azwj! We are being prevent from Your-azwj Blessings!’’[207]
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ عَنِ النَّسَّابَةِ بْنِ الصُّوفِيِّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ فِي خَبَرٍ طَوِيلٍ إِنَّ أَخِي مُوسَى نَاجَى رَبَّهُ عَلَى جَبَلِ طُورِ سَيْنَاءَ فَقَالَ فِي آخِرِ الْكَلَامِ امْضِ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ قَوْمِهِ الْقِبْطِ وَ أَنَا مَعَكَ لا تَخَفْ
And in a report from Al Nassabah Bin Al Sowfy –
‘The Prophet-saww said in a lengthy Hadeeth: ‘My-saww brother-as Musa-as whispered to his-as Lord-azwj upon mount Toor of Sinai. He-azwj Said at the end of the Speech: “Go to Pharaoh-la and his-la people, the Coptic’s, and I-azwj am with you-as, do not fear’.
فَكَانَ جَوَابُهُ مَا ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- إِنِّي قَتَلْتُ مِنْهُمْ نَفْساً فَأَخافُ أَنْ يَقْتُلُونِ وَ هَذَا عَلِيٌّ قَدْ أَنْفَذْتُهُ لِيَسْتَرْجِعَ بَرَاءَةَ وَ يَقْرَأَهَا عَلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَ قَدْ قَتَلَ مِنْهُمْ خَلْقاً عَظِيماً فَمَا خَافَ وَ لَا تَوَقَّفَ وَ لَمْ تَأْخُذْهُ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ.
His-as answer was what Allah-azwj the Exalted Mentioned: He said: ‘Lord! I killed one person from them, so I fear that they would be killing me’ [28:33], and this is Ali-asws and he-asws had been sent to return (Surah) Bara’a (from Abu Bakr) and recite it to the people of Makkah, and he-asws had killed a large number from them. But, he-asws neither feared nor paused, and was not seized by the blame of any blamer for the Sake of Allah-azwj’’.[208]
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ فَكَانَ أَهْلُ الْمَوْسِمِ يَتَلَهَّفُوَن عَلَيْهِ وَ مَا فِيهِمْ إِلَّا مَنْ قَتَلَ أَبَاهُ أَوْ أَخَاهُ أَوْ حَمِيمَهُ فَصَدَّهُمُ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَ عَادَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَحْدَهُ سَالِماً وَ كَانَ ع أَنْفَذَهُ أَوَّلَ يَوْمٍ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ أَدَّاهَا إِلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ وَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ
And in a report – The people of the season (Hajj) were regretting upon it and what they were in except the one whose father or his brother or his friend had been killed (by Ali-asws), so Allah-azwj Blocked them from it and returned to Al-Medina alone safely; and he-asws had been sent in first day of Zul Hijja of the year nine from the Emigration, and he-asws delivered to the people on the day of Arafaat, and day of sacrifice.
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُ الْجَاحِظِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَادَةُ الْعَرَبِ فِي عَقْدِ الْحَلْفِ وَ حَلِّ الْعَقْدِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَتَوَلَّى ذَلِكَ إِلَّا السَّيِّدُ مِنْهُمْ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ رَهْطِهِ .
And as for words of Al-Hafiz that it was the habit of the Arabs in tying the oath and loosening the agreement, no one was in charge of that except the chief from them, or a man from his group. If he wanted to condemn him’’.[209]
27- يف، الطرائف رَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ فِي مُسْنَدِهِ مِنْ طُرُقِ جَمَاعَةٍ فَمِنْهَا عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص بَعَثَ بِبَرَاءَةَ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ إِلَى ذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ فَرَدَّهُ فَقَالَ- لَا يَذْهَبُ بِهَا إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي فَبَعَثَ عَلِيّاً.
(The book) ‘Al Taraaif’ – It is reported by Ahmad Bin Hanbal in his (book) ‘Musnad’, from the way of a group, from these is from Anas Bin Malik (well known fabricator),
‘Rasool-Allah-saww send (Surah) Bara’a with Abu Bakr to the people of Makkah. When he reached Zul Huleyfa, he sent (Ali-asws) to him and returned him. He-saww said: ‘No one shall go with it except a man from the People-asws of my-saww Household’. So, he-saww sent Ali-asws’’.[210]
وَ مِنْ مُسْنَدِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنْ حُبَيْشٍ يَرْفَعُهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ عَشْرُ آيَاتٍ مِنْ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص دَعَا النَّبِيُّ ص أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَبَعَثَهُ بِهَا لِيَقْرَأَهَا عَلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ ثُمَّ دَعَا النَّبِيُّ ص عَلِيّاً ع فَقَالَ لَهُ أَدْرِكْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَحَيْثُ مَا لَحِقْتَهُ فَخُذِ الْكِتَابَ مِنْهُ فَاذْهَبْ بِهِ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَ اقْرَأْهُ عَلَيْهِمْ
And from (the book) ‘Musnad’ pf Ahmad Bin Hanbal, from Simak, from Hubeysh, raising it, said,
‘When ten Verses from Surah Bara’a were Revealed unto the Prophet-saww, the Prophet-saww called Abu Bakr and sent him with it to be read out to the people of Makkah. Then the Prophet-saww called Ali-asws and said to him-asws: ‘Catch up with Abu Bakr. Wherever you-asws meet him, take the Book from him and go with it to the people of Makkah and read it to them’.
قَالَ فَلَحِقَهُ بِالْجُحْفَةِ فَأَخَذَ الْكِتَابَ مِنْهُ فَرَجَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع جَاءَنِي فَقَالَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُؤَدِّي عَنْكَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws caught up with him at Al-Juhfa and took the Book from him. Abu Bakr returned to the Prophet-saww and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Has anything been Revealed regarding me?’ He-saww said: ‘No, but Jibraeel-as came to me-asws and said: ‘No one should be delivering it from you-saww except you-saww or a man from you-saww’’.[211]
وَ بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِبَرَاءَةَ يَقْرَؤُهَا عَلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ لَا يُبَلِّغُ عَنِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ فَلَحِقَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع فَأَخَذَهَا مِنْهُ.
And by the chain from Anas (well known fabricator), said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Abu Bakr with (Surah) Bara’a to be read out to the people of Makkah. Jibraeel-as descended unto Muhammad-saww and said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! No one should deliver from Allah-azwj the Exalted except you-saww or a man from you-saww!’ So, Ali-asws caught up with him and took it from him’’.[212]
28- يف، الطرائف وَ رَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي صَحِيحِهِ فِي نِصْفِ الْجُزْءِ الْخَامِسِ فِي بَابِ وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ بَرِيءٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ رَسُولُهُ حَدِيثَ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةَ وَ زَادَ فِيهِ فَأَذَّنَ عَلِيٌّ فِي أَهْلِ مِنًى يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ أَلَا لَا يَحِجُّ بَعْدَ الْعَامِ مُشْرِكٌ وَ لَا يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Taraif’ – And it is reported by Al Bukhari in his (book) ‘Saheeh’ in the middle of the fifth volume in a chapter –
‘And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool to the people on the day of the Greatest Hajj that Allah and His Rasool are disavowed from the Polytheists [9:3] – A Hadeeth of Surah Bara’a, and there is an addition in it: ‘Ali-asws proclaimed among the people of Mina on the day of the sacrifice: ‘Indeed! Neither will a Polytheist perform Hajj after the season (this year) nor will anyone naked perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah)’’.[213]
وَ رَوَاهُ أَيْضاً فِي الْجَمْعِ بَيْنَ الصِّحَاحِ السِّتَّةِ فِي الْجُزْءِ الثَّانِي فِي تَفْسِيرِ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةَ مِنْ صَحِيحِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ وَ صَحِيحِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ فِي حَدِيثٍ يَرْفَعُونَهُ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُنَادِيَ فِي الْمَوْسِمِ بِبَرَاءَةَ ثُمَّ أَرْدَفَهُ عَلِيّاً فَبَيْنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ إِذْ سَمِعَ رُغَاءَ نَاقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص الْعَضْبَاءِ فَقَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَزِعاً فَظَنَّ أَنَّهُ حَدَثَ أَمْرٌ
And it is reported as well in (the book) ‘Al Jam’a Bayn Al Sihah Al Sitta’, in the third volume regarding the Tafseer of Surah Bara’a, from (the books) ‘Saheeh’ of Abu Dawood, and ‘Saheeh’ of Al Tirmizi, in a Hadeeth raising it to Abdullah Bin Abbas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Abu Bakr and instructed him to call out during the season (Hajj) with disavowment (Surah Bara’a), then Ali-asws followed it up. While Abu Bakr was in one of the road when he heard the growling of the camel of Rasool-Allah-saww, Al-Azba’a. Abu Bakr stood up alarmed. He thought that a new matter had occurred.
فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ عَلِيٌّ كِتَاباً مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّ عَلِيّاً يُنَادِي بِهَؤُلَاءِ الْكَلِمَاتِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُبَلِّغَ عَنِّي إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي فَانْطَلَقَا فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ يُنَادِي ذِمَّةُ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ بَرِيئَةٌ مِنْ كُلِّ مُشْرِكٍ- فَسِيحُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ لَا يَحِجَّنَّ بَعْدَ هَذَا الْعَامِ مُشْرِكٌ وَ لَا يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ بَعْدَ الْعَامِ عُرْيَانٌ وَ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا نَفْسٌ مُؤْمِنَةٌ.
Ali-asws handed him a letter from Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘Ali-asws should be calling out these phrases for it is not appropriate that anyone should deliver on my-saww behalf except a man from People-asws of my-saww Household’. They both went (on their ways). Ali-asws stood in the days of Tashreek (11th, 12th and 13th Zul Hijja) calling out the Covenants of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww with disavowment from every Polytheist: So, go about in the land for four months [9:3], nor can any Polytheist will perform Hajj after this year, nor any one naked perform Tawaaf of the House after this year, nor will anyone enter the Paradise except a Momin soul!’’[214]
وَ رَوَاهُ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ فِي تَفْسِيرِ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةَ وَ شَرَحَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ كَيْفَ نَقَضَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ الْعَهْدَ الَّذِي عَاهَدَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ص فِي الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ فِي أَوَاخِرِ حَدِيثِهِ مَا هَذَا لَفْظُهُ فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَبَا بَكْرٍ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ عَلَى الْمَوْسِمِ لِيُقِيمَ لِلنَّاسِ الْحَجَّ وَ بَعَثَ مَعَهُ أَرْبَعِينَ آيَةً مِنْ صَدْرِ بَرَاءَةَ لِيَقْرَأَهَا عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَوْسِمِ
And it is reported by Al Sa’alby in his Tafseer of Surah Bara’a, and commentary of Al Sa’alby of how the Polytheist broke the pact which the Prophet-saww had covenanted with them in Al Hudaybiyya. Then Al Sa’alby said at the end of his Hadeeth what are these words,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Abu Bakr during that year to the season of Hajj) to stand to the people and sent forty Verses with him from the main part of (Surah) Bara’a to be recited to the people of the season (Hajj).
فَلَمَّا سَارَ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً ص فَقَالَ اخْرُجْ بِهَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ وَ اقْرَأْ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ صَدْرِ بَرَاءَةَ وَ أَذِّنْ بِذَلِكَ فِي النَّاسِ إِذَا اجْتَمَعُوا فَخَرَجَ عَلِيٌّ ع عَلَى نَاقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص الْعَضْبَاءِ حَتَّى أَدْرَكَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ فَأَخَذَهَا مِنْهُ
When he travelled, Rasool-Allah-saww called Ali-asws. He-saww said: ‘Go out with this story and recite to them from the main part of (Surah) Bara’a and proclaim with that among the people. When they gather, Ali-asws went out upon a camel of Rasool-Allah-saww, Al-Azba’a, until he caught up with Abu Bakr at Zul Huleyfa. He-asws took it from him.
فَرَجَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي أَ نَزَلَ فِي شَأْنِي شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ لَا يُبَلِّغُ عَنِّي إِلَّا أَنَا أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنِّي
Abu Bakr went out to the Prophet-saww and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! May my father and my mother be (sacrificed for) you! Has anything been Revealed concerning me?’ He-saww said: ‘No, but no one should deliver on my-saww behalf except I-saww or a man from me-asws’.
ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ صُورَةَ نِدَاءِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ إِبْلَاغَهُ لِمَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَ رَسُولُهُ.
Then Al Sa’alby mentioned the Surah Ali-asws had called out with and his-asws announcement of what Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww had Commanded him-asws with’’.[215]
It is reported by Al Suyuti in (the book) ‘Al Durr Al Mansour’, said, ‘It is extracted by Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Hanbal in (the book) ‘Zawaid Al Musnad’, and Abu Al Sheykh and Ibn Mardaway,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘When ten Verses from Surah Bara’a were Revealed unto the Prophet-saww’ – and he-asws continued the Hadeeth approximate to what has passed from the report of Simak, then he said, ‘And it is extracted by Abu Shayba, and Ahmad, and Al-Tirmizi, and Abu Al-Sheykh, and Ibn Mardaway, from Anas (a well known fabricator),
رَوَى السَّيُوطِيُّ فِي الدُّرِّ الْمَنْثُورِ قَالَ أَخْرَجَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ فِي زَوَائِدِ الْمُسْنَدِ وَ أَبُو الشَّيْخِ وَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ عَشْرُ آيَاتٍ مِنْ بَرَاءَةَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ نَحْوَ مَا مَرَّ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ سِمَاكٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ أَخْرَجَ ابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَ أَحْمَدُ وَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَ أَبُو الشَّيْخِ وَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ص بِبَرَاءَةَ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ دَعَا فَقَالَ- لَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يُبَلِّغَ هَذَا إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِي فَدَعَا عَلِيّاً فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ.
‘The Prophet-saww sent (Surah) Bara’a with Abu Bakr, then he-saww called and said: ‘It is not befitting for anyone that he delivers this except a ram from my-saww family’. So he-saww called Ali-asws and gave it to him-asws’’.[216]
وَ أَخْرَجَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص بَعَثَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِبَرَاءَةَ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ ثُمَّ بَعَثَ عَلِيّاً ع عَلَى أَثَرِهِ فَأَخَذَهَا مِنْهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَجَدَ فِي نَفْسِهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّي عَنِّي إِلَّا أَنَا أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنِّي.
And it is extracted by Ibn Mardawayh, from Sa’ad Bin Abu Waqas –
‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Abu Bakr with (Surah) Bara’a to the people of Makkah, then sent Ali-asws upon his tracks. He-asws took it from him. Abu Bakr found something within himself, so the Prophet-saww said: ‘O Abu Bakr! No one should deliver from me-saww except I-saww or a man from me-saww’’.[217]
وَ أَخْرَجَ أَحْمَدُ وَ النَّسَائِيُّ وَ ابْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ وَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ حِينَ بَعَثَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى مَكَّةَ بِبَرَاءَةَ فَكَانَ يُنَادِي أَنَّهُ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَ مَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَهْدٌ فَإِنَّ أَجَلَهُ إِلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ فَإِذَا مَضَتِ الْأَرْبَعَةُ الْأَشْهُرُ فَإِنَ اللَّهَ بَرِيءٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ لَا يَحِجُّ هَذَا الْبَيْتَ بَعْدَ الْعَامِ مُشْرِكٌ.
And it is extracted by Ahmad, and Al Nasaie, and Ibn Al Munzar, and Ibn Mardawayh, from Abu Hureyra (well known fabricator) who said,
‘I was with Ali-asws when Rasool-Allah-saww sent him to Makkah with (Surah) Bara’a. He-asws was calling out: ‘No one shall enter the Paradise except a Momin, nor perform Tawaaf of the House anyone naked, and one who had a pact between him and Rasool-Allah-saww, so his term is to four months. So, when the four months pass by, then Allah and His Rasool are disavowed from the Polytheists [9:3], and no Polytheist will perform Hajj of this House (Kabah) after this year’’.[218]
وَ أَخْرَجَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص بَعَثَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِسُورَةِ التَّوْبَةِ وَ بَعَثَ عَلِيّاً ع عَلَى أَثَرِهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَ نَبِيَّهُ سَخَطاً عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ لَا إِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ قَالَ- لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُبَلِّغَ عَنِّي إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنِّي.
And it is extracted by Ibn Mardawayh, from Ibn Abbas,
‘The Prophet-saww sent Abu Bakr with Surah Al-Tawbah, and sent Ali-asws in his tracks. Abu Bakr said, ‘Perhaps Allah-azwj has Commanded His-azwj Prophet-saww of being wrathful upon me’. Ali-asws said: ‘No, the Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj said: ‘It is not appropriate that it be delivered from me-saww except by a man from me-saww’’.[219]
وَ أَخْرَجَ ابْنُ حَيَّانَ وَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِ وَ ذَكَرَ بَعْثَ عَلِيٍّ ع عَلَى أَثَرِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ رَدَّهُ وَ فِي آخِرِهِ- لَا يُبَلِّغُ غَيْرِي أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنِّي.
And it is extracted by Ibn Hayyan and Ibn Mardawayh, from Abu Saeed Al Khudri,
‘And he mentioned the sending of Ali-asws in the tracks of Abu Bakr and returning him’. And in its it: ‘No one shall deliver apart from me-saww or a man from me-saww’’.[220]
وَ أَخْرَجَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ قَالَ: بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِبَرَاءَةَ إِلَى الْمَوْسِمِ فَأَتَى جَبْرَئِيلُ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّيهَا عَنْكَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْكَ فَبَعَثَ عَلِيّاً فِي أَثَرِهِ حَتَّى لَحِقَهُ بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَأَخَذَهَا فَقَرَأَ عَلَى النَّاسِ فِي الْمَوْسِمِ.
And it is extracted by Ibn Mardawayh, from Abu rafie who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Abu Bakr with (Surah) Bara’a to the season (Hajj). Jibraeel-as came and said to him-saww: ‘No one should deliver it on your-saww behalf except you-saww or a man from you-asws’. So he-saww sent Ali-asws in his tracks until he-asws caught up with him between Makkah and Al-Medina. He-asws took it and recited it to the people during the season (Hajj)’’.[221]
وَ أَخْرَجَ ابْنُ أَبِي حَاتِمٍ عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ قَالَ قَالَ لِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع إِنَّ لِعَلِيٍّ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ اسْماً وَ لَكِنْ لَا تَعْرِفُونَهُ قُلْتُ وَ مَا هُوَ قَالَ أَ لَمْ تَسْمَعْ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ- وَ أَذانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ هُوَ وَ اللَّهِ الْأَذَانُ.
And it is extracted by Ibn Abu Hatim, from Hakeem Bin Humeyd who said,
‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said to me: ‘There is a name for Ali-asws in the Book of Allah-azwj, but you do not know it’. I said, ‘And what is it?’ He-asws said: ‘Are you not listening to the Words of Allah-azwj: ‘And a proclamation from Allah and His Rasool to the people on the day of the Greatest Hajj that Allah and His Rasool are disavowed from the Polytheists [9:3]? By Allah-azwj! He-asws is the Azaan!’’[222]
وَ ذَكَرَ ابْنُ الْأَثِيرِ فِي الْكَامِلِ فِي أَحْدَاثِ سَنَةِ تِسْعٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ أَنَّ فِيهَا حَجَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِالنَّاسِ وَ مَعَهُ عِشْرُونَ بَدَنَةً لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ لِنَفْسِهِ خَمْسُ بَدَنَاتٍ وَ كَانَ فِي ثَلَاثِمِائَةِ رَجُلٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي أَثَرِهِ عَلِيّاً ع وَ أَمَرَهُ بِقِرَاءَةِ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةَ عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ
Abd Ibn Al Aseer mentioned in (the book) ‘Al Kamil’ regarding the events of the year nine from the Emigration,
‘During it, Abu Bakr went to Hajj with the people and with him were twenty sacrificial animals for Rasool-Allah-saww and five sacrificial animals for himself, and he was among thirty men. When he was at Zul Huleyfa, Rasool-Allah-saww sent Ali-asws in his tracks and instructed him-asws with the recitation of Surah Bara’a to the Polytheists.
فَعَادَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ لَا يُبَلِّغُ عَنِّي إِلَّا أَنَا أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنِّي.
Abu Bakr returned and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Has anything been Revealed regarding me?’ He-saww said: ‘No, but no one should deliver on my-saww behalf except I-saww or a man from me-saww’’.[223]
وَ رَوَى صَاحِبُ جَامِعِ الْأُصُولِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ص بِبَرَاءَةَ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ دَعَاهُ فَقَالَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يُبَلِّغَ هَذَا إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِي فَدَعَا عَلِيّاً ع فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ
And it is reported by the author of (the book) ‘Jamie Al Usool’, by his chain from Anas (well known fabricator) having said,
‘The Prophet-saww sent (Surah) Bara’a with Abu Bakr, then recalled him. He-saww said: ‘It is not appropriate for anyone that he delivers this except a man from People-asws of my Household’. He-saww called Ali-asws and gave it to him-asws’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ زَادَ رَزِينٌ وَ هُوَ الْعَبْدَرِيُّ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُبَلِّغَ عَنِّي إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي ثُمَّ اتَّفَقَا وَ انْطَلَقَا .
Then he (the narrator) said, ‘And Razeyn has an addition, and he is Al-Abdary: ‘It is not appropriate that it be delivered on my-saww behalf except by a man from People-asws of my-saww Household’. They agreed and went’’.[224]
باب 10 قوله تعالى وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ
CHAPTER 10 – WORDS OF THE EXALTED: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57]
1- مع، معاني الأخبار ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ الْيَعْقُوبِيِّ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْهَاشِمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ قَالَ الصُّدُودُ فِي الْعَرَبِيَّةِ الضَّحِكُ.
(The book) ‘Ma’ani Al Akhbaar’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Marouf, from Al Yaqouby, from Isa Bin Abdullah Al Hashimi, from his father, from his grandfather who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said regarding Words of Mighty and Majestic: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57], he-saww said: ‘The ‘Sudoud’ in Arabic, is the laughing (aloud)’’.[225]
2- كنز، كنز جامع الفوائد و تأويل الآيات الظاهرة مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ الْحَنَفِيِّ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَائِدٍ عَنِ الْكَلْبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا النَّبِيُّ ص فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ إِذْ قَالَ الْآنَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْكُمْ نَظِيرُ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ فِي أُمَّتِي
(The books) ‘Kunz Jamie Al Fawaaid’ and ‘Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zaahira’ – Muhammad Bin Al Abbas, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Zakariya, from Yahya Bin Umeyr Al Hanafi, from Umar Bin Qaid, from Al Kalby, from Abu Salih, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘While the Prophet-saww was among a number of his-saww companion when he-saww said: ‘Now there will be entering unto you all a peer of Isa-as Bin Maryam-as among my-saww community!’
فَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالُوا هُوَ هَذَا فَقَالَ لَا فَدَخَلَ عُمَرُ فَقَالُوا هُوَ هَذَا فَقَالَ لَا فَدَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَقَالُوا هُوَ هَذَا فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
Abu Bakr entered. They said, ‘It is this one!’ He-saww said: ‘No’. Umar entered. They said, ‘It is this one!’ He-saww said: ‘No’. Ali-asws entered. They said, ‘It is this one!’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ قَوْمٌ لَعِبَادَةُ اللَّاتِ وَ الْعُزَّى خَيْرٌ مِنْ هَذَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ وَ قالُوا أَ آلِهَتُنا خَيْرٌ الْآيَةَ.
A group said, ‘Worshipping Al-Laat and Al-Uzza (two idols) is better than this’. So, Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57], And they are saying, ‘Are our gods better [43:58] – the Verse’’.[226]
3- وَ قَالَ أَيْضاً حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ الْعَطَّارُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُمَرَ الدِّهْقَانِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: جَاءَ قَوْمٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالُوا يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ كَانَ يُحْيِي الْمَوْتَى فَأَحْيِ لَنَا الْمَوْتَى فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مَنْ تُرِيدُونَ فَقَالُوا فُلَانٌ وَ إِنَّهُ قَرِيبُ عَهْدٍ بِمَوْتٍ
And he said as well, ‘It is narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Sahl Al Attar, from Ahmad Bin Umar Al Dihqan, from Muhammad Bin Kaseer Al Kufi, from Muhammad Bin Saib, from Abu Salib, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘A group came to the Prophet-saww and they said, ‘Isa-as used to revive the death, so revive the dead for us’. He-saww said: ‘Whom are you intending?’ They said, ‘So and so, and it is near the time of his dying’.
فَدَعَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَأَصْغَى إِلَيْهِ بِشَيْءٍ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ انْطَلِقْ مَعَهُمْ إِلَى الْمَيِّتِ فَادْعُهُ بِاسْمِهِ وَ اسْمِ أَبِيهِ
He-saww called Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and divulged a secret to him-asws we did not know. Then he-saww said to him-asws: ‘Go with them to the deceased and call him with his name and name of his father’.
فَمَضَى مَعَهُمْ حَتَّى وَقَفَ عَلَى قَبْرِ الرَّجُلِ ثُمَّ نَادَاهُ يَا فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانٍ فَقَامَ الْمَيِّتُ فَسَأَلُوهُ ثُمَّ اضْطَجَعَ فِي لَحْدِهِ فَانْصَرَفُوا وَ هُمْ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ هَذَا مِنْ أَعَاجِيبِ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَوْ نَحْوِهِمَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ.
He went with them until he-asws paused at the grave of the man, then called out to him: ‘O son and son of so!’ The deceased stood up. They asked him, then he lied down in his grave and they left, and they were saying, ‘This is from the wonders of the clan of Abdul Muttalib-asws’ or approximate to it. So, Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed this Verse’’.[227]
4- وَ قَالَ أَيْضاً حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ عَنْ شَرِيكٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ الْبَجَلِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى قَالَ: قَالَ لِي عَلِيٌّ ع مَثَلِي فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ مَثَلُ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ أَحَبَّهُ قَوْمٌ فَغَالُوا فِي حُبِّهِ فَهَلَكُوا وَ أَبْغَضَهُ قَوْمٌ فَهَلَكُوا وَ اقْتَصَدَ فِيهِ قَوْمٌ فَنَجَوْا.
And he said as well, ‘It is narrated to us by Abdullah Bin Abdul Aziz, from Abdullah Bin Abdul Muttalib, from Shareek, from Usman Bin Numeyr Al Bajali, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Layli who said,
‘Ali-asws said to me: ‘My-asws example in this community is like an example of Isa-as Bin Maryam-as. A people loved him-as, so they exaggerated in his-as love and were destroyed; and a people hated him-as, so they were destroyed, and a people were moderated regarding him-as, so they attained salvation’’.[228]
وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَخْلَدٍ الدَّهَّانِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْعُرَيْضِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَنَاحٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص نَظَرَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع وَ أَصْحَابُهُ حَوْلَهُ وَ هُوَ مُقْبِلٌ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّ فِيكَ لَشَبَهاً مِنْ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَ لَوْ لَا مَخَافَةُ أَنْ تَقُولَ فِيكَ طَوَائِفُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي مَا قَالَتِ النَّصَارَى فِي عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ لَقُلْتُ فِيكَ الْيَوْمَ مَقَالًا لَا تَمُرُّ بِمَلَإٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِلَّا أَخَذُوا مِنْ تَحْتِ قَدَمَيْكَ التُّرَابَ يَبْتَغُونَ بِهِ الْبَرَكَةَ
And it is reported as well from Muhammad Bin Makhlad Al Dahhan, from Ali Bin Ahmad Al Ureyzi, from Ibrahim Bin Ali Bin Janah, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww looked at Ali-asws and his-saww companions were around him-saww, and he-asws was facing. He-saww said: ‘But, in you-asws there is a resemblance from Isa-as Bin Maryam-as and had it not been for the groups of my-saww community may say regarding you what the Christians are saying regarding Isa-as Bin Maryam-as, I-saww would have said today such words regarding you-asws, no assembly of the people would have passed by except they would have taken the soil from under your-asws feet seeking the Blessings by it’.
فَغَضِبَ مَنْ كَانَ حَوْلَهُ وَ تَشَاوَرُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ وَ قَالُوا لَمْ يَرْضَ مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَجْعَلَ ابْنَ عَمِّهِ مَثَلًا لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ
One who were around him-saww were angered and they consulted in what is between them and said, ‘Muhammad-saww is not pleased except (now) he-saww is making the son-asws of his-saww uncle an example to the children of Israel!’ so this Verse was Revealed’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَيْسَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The Clan of Hashim-as aren’t in the Quran’.
قَالَ مُحِيَتْ وَ اللَّهِ فِيمَا مُحِيَ وَ لَقَدْ قَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ مِصْرَ مُحِيَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ أَلْفُ حَرْفٍ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ أَعْطَيْتُ مِائَتَيْ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ عَلَى أَنْ يُمْحَى- إِنَّ شانِئَكَ هُوَ الْأَبْتَرُ فَقَالُوا لَا يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ فَكَيْفَ جَازَ ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَجُزْ لِي
He-asws said: ‘Deleted! By Allah-azwj, among what was deleted! And Amro Bin Al-Aas had said upon the pulpit of Egypt, ‘I have had a thousand letters from the Quran deleted for a thousand Dirhams, and I-asws shall give two hundred thousand Dirham upon the deletion of Surely your adversary, he is the one without posterity [108:3]’. They said, ‘That is not allowed’. (He said), ‘ So, how come that was allowed for them and it is not allowed for me?’
فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي مَا قُلْتَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ مِصْرَ وَ لَسْتَ هُنَاكَ.
That reached Muawiya, so he wrote to him, ‘It has reached me what you said upon the pulpit of Egypt, and don’t go over there!’’[229]
أَقُولُ رَوَى ابْنُ بِطْرِيقٍ فِي الْمُسْتَدْرَكِ بِإِسْنَادِ الْحَافِظِ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ إِلَى رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ نَاجِدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيّاً يَقُولُ فِيَّ أُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ.
I (Majisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by Ibn Batreeq in (the book) ‘Al Mustadrak’, by a chain of Al Hafiz Abu Nueym to Rabie Bin Najid who said,
‘I heard Ali-asws saying: ‘Regarding me-asws, this Verse was Revealed: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57]’’.[230]
5- يف، الطرائف أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ فِي مُسْنَدِهِ وَ ابْنُ الْمَغَازِلِيِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع إِنَّ فِيكَ مَثَلًا مِنْ عِيسَى أَبْغَضَهُ الْيَهُودُ حَتَّى بَهَتُوا أُمَّهُ وَ أَحَبَّهُ النَّصَارَى حَتَّى أَنْزَلُوهُ الْمَنْزِلَ الَّذِي لَيْسَ لَهُ بِأَهْلٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Taraif’ – Ahmad Bin Hanbal in his (book) ‘Musnad’ and Ibn Al Magazily,
‘The Prophet-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘In you-asws there is an example from Isa-as. The Jews hated him-as until they accused (slandered) his-as mother-as, and the Christians loved him-as until they assigned to him-as the status which he-asws wasn’t rightful for it’’.[231]
6- كشف، كشف الغمة ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى- وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِنَّ فِيكَ مَثَلًا مِنْ عِيسَى أَحَبَّهُ قَوْمٌ فَهَلَكُوا وَ أَبْغَضَهُ قَوْمٌ فَهَلَكُوا فِيهِ
(The book) ‘Kashaf Al Ghumma’ of Ibn Mardawayh –
‘Words of the Exalted: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57], from Ali-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘Surely, in you-asws there is an example from Isa-as. A people loved him-as (excessively) so they were destroyed, and a people hated him-as so they were destroyed regarding him-as’.
فَقَالَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ أَ مَا رَضِيَ لَهُ مَثَلًا إِلَّا عِيسَى فَنَزَلَتْ.
The hypocrites said, ‘Is he-saww not pleased for him-asws with any example except Isa-as?’ So, it was Revealed’’.[232]
7- مد، العمدة مِنْ مُسْنَدِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ آدَمَ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ مُعَوَّلٍ عَنْ أُكَيْلٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ: لَقِيتُ عَلْقَمَةَ قَالَ أَ تَدْرِي مَا مَثَلُ عَلِيٍّ فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ مَا مَثَلُهُ قَالَ مَثَلُ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ أَحَبَّهُ قَوْمٌ حَتَّى هَلَكُوا فِي حُبِّهِ وَ أَبْغَضَهُ قَوْمٌ حَتَّى هَلَكُوا فِي بُغْضِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amdah – From (the book) ‘Abdullah Bin Ahmad, from his father, from Yahya Bin Adam, from Malik Bin Muawwal, from Ukeyl, from Al Shaby who said,
‘I met Alqamah. He said, ‘Do you know what is an example of Ali-asws in this community?’ I said, ‘And what is his-asws example?’ He said, ‘An example of Isa-as Bin Maryam-as. A people loved him-as (excessively) until they were destroyed in his-as love, and a people hated him-saww until they were destroyed in his-as hatred’’.[233]
8- وَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ وَكِيعِ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ بْنِ مَلِيحٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَخْلَدٍ عَنْ أَبِي غَيْلَانَ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ حَصِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي صَادِقٍ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ نَاجِدٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: دَعَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ إِنَّ فِيكَ مَثَلًا مِنْ عِيسَى أَبْغَضَتْهُ يَهُودُ خَيْبَرَ حَتَّى بَهَتُوا أُمَّهُ وَ أَحَبَّتْهُ النَّصَارَى حَتَّى أَنْزَلُوهُ الْمَنْزِلَ الَّذِي لَيْسَ لَهُ
And from Abdullah Bin Sufyan, from Wakie Bin Al Jarrah Bin Maleeh, from Khalid Bin Makhlad, from Abu Gaylan Al Shaybani, from Al Hakam Bin Abdul Malik, from Al Haris Bin Haseyra, from Abu Sadiq, from Rabie Bin Naheed,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww called me-asws. He-saww said: ‘In you-asws there is an example from Isa-as. Jews of Khyber hated him-as until they accused (slandered) his-as mother-as, and the Christians loved him-as until they assigned to him-as the status which he-asws isn’t rightful for it.
أَلَا فَإِنَّهُ يَهْلِكُ فِيَّ اثْنَانِ مُحِبٌّ مُفْرِطٌ يُفْرِطُ بِمَا لَيْسَ فِيَ وَ مُبْغِضٌ يَحْمِلُهُ شَنَآنِي عَنْ أَنْ يَبْهَتَنِي أَلَا إِنِّي لَسْتُ بِنَبِيٍّ وَ لَا يُوحَى إِلَيَّ وَ لَكِنِّي أَعْمَلُ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ فَمَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ مِنْ طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ فَحَقَّ عَلَيْكُمْ طَاعَتِي فِيمَا أَحْبَبْتُمْ أَوْ كَرِهْتُمْ.
Indeed! Surely two (types of people) are destroyed regarding me-asws – an excessive lover being excessive with what isn’t in me-asws, and a hater, my-asws glory carries him upon accusing (slandering) me-asws. Indeed! I-asws am neither a Prophet-as nor is it being Revealed to me-asws, but I-asws act by the Book of Allah-azwj and Sunnah of His-azwj Prophet-saww as much as I-asws can. So, whatever I-asws instruct you from obedience of Allah-azwj, there is a right upon you to obey me-asws in what you like or you dislike’’.[234]
9- وَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ وَكِيعٍ عَنْ شَرِيكٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي الْيَقْظَانِ عَنْ زَاذَانَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: مَثَلِي فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ كَمَثَلِ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ أَحَبَّتْهُ طَائِفَةٌ وَ أَفْرَطَتْ فِي حُبِّهِ فَهَلَكَتْ وَ أَبْغَضَتْهُ طَائِفَةٌ فَأَفْرَطَتْ فِي بُغْضِهِ فَهَلَكَتْ.
And from Abdullah Bin Ahmad, from his father, from Wakie, from Shareek, from usman Bin Abu Al Yaqzan, from Zazan,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘My-asws example in this community is like an example of Isa-as Bin Maryam-as. A group loved him-saww and were excessive in loving him-as, so it was destroyed, and a group hated him-as and it was excessive in hating him-as, so it was destroyed’’.[235]
10- وَ عَنْهُ عَنِ ابْنِ حَمَّادٍ سِجَادَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي يَعْلَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ صَالِحِ بْنِ حَيٍّ وَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ زِيَادِ بْنِ الْأَحْمَرِ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: يَهْلِكُ فِيَّ رَجُلَانِ مُحِبٌّ مُفْرِطٌ وَ مُبْغِضٌ مُفْرِطٌ.
And from him, from Ibn Hammad Sajadah, from Yahya Bin Abu Ya’la, from Al-Hassan Bin Salih Bin Hayy, and Ja’far Bin Ziyad Bin Al Ahmad, from Ata’a Bin Al Said, from Abu Al Bakhtari,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘Two (types of) men are destroyed regarding me-asws, an excessive lover and an excessive hater’’.[236]
11- ل، الخصال بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ وَاثِلَةَ فِي احْتِجَاجِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يَوْمَ الشُّورَى قَالَ: نَشَدْتُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ هَلْ فِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ احْفَظِ الْبَابَ فَإِنَّ زُوَّاراً مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ تَزُورُونَنِي فَلَا تَأْذَنْ لِأَحَدٍ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’, by his chain from Aamir Bin Wasila,
‘Among the argumentation of Amir Al-Momineen-asws on the day of consultation, he-asws said: ‘We adjure you with Allah-azwj! Is there anyone among you all Rasool-Allah-saww had said to him: ‘Guard the door, for the visitors from the Angels are visiting me-saww so do not permit anyone (to come in)’.
فَجَاءَ عُمَرُ فَرَدَدْتُهُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ أَخْبَرْتُهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مُحْتَجِبٌ وَ عِنْدَهُ زُوَّارٌ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ عِدَّتُهُمْ كَذَا وَ كَذَا ثُمَّ أَذِنْتُ لَهُ فَدَخَلَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي جِئْتُ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَرُدُّنِي عَلِيٌّ وَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مُحْتَجِبٌ وَ عِنْدَهُ زُوَّارٌ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ عِدَّتُهُمْ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَكَيْفَ عَلِمَ بِالْعِدَّةِ أَ عَايَنَهُمْ
Umar came, so I-asws returned him three times and informed him that Rasool-Allah-saww is veiled and in his-saww presence are visitors from the Angels and their number is such and such. Then I permitted for him, so he entered. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I had come more than once, during all that Ali-asws returned me and said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww is veiled and in his-saww presence are visitors from the Angels, and their number is such and such, so how did he-asws know the number! Did he-asws witness them?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا عَلِيُّ قَدْ صَدَقَ كَيْفَ عَلِمْتَ بِعِدَّتِهِمْ فَقُلْتُ اخْتَلَفَتِ التَّحِيَّاتُ فَسَمِعْتُ الْأَصْوَاتَ فَأَحْصَيْتُ الْعَدَدَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَإِنَّ فِيكَ شَبَهاً مِنْ أَخِي عِيسَى فَخَرَجَ عُمَرُ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ ضَرَبَهُ لِابْنِ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا
He-saww said to him (me-asws): ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws have spoken the truth. How did you-asws know of their number?’ I-asws said: ‘Congratulations were exchanged, so I-asws heard the voices and counted the numbers’. He-asws said: ‘You-asws speak the truth, for there is a resemblance in you-asws from my-saww brother-as Isa-as’. Umar went out and he was saying, ‘He-saww has struck an example of the son-as of Maryam-as for him-asws’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ قَالَ يَضِجُّونَ وَ قالُوا أَ آلِهَتُنا خَيْرٌ أَمْ هُوَ ما ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلَّا جَدَلًا بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنا عَلَيْهِ وَ جَعَلْناهُ مَثَلًا لِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ- وَ لَوْ نَشاءُ لَجَعَلْنا مِنْكُمْ مَلائِكَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ يَخْلُفُونَ غَيْرِي قَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ لَا.
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57]. He-asws said: ‘Clamouring!’ And they are saying, ‘Are our gods better or him?’ They are not striking (an example of) him to you except for quarrelling. But, they are a disputing people [43:58] Surely he is only a servant We Favoured upon and We Made him an example for the Children of Israel [43:59] And had We so Desired, We would have Made from you Angels in the earth succeeding (each other) [43:60] – apart from me-asws?’ They said, ‘O Allah-azwj, no!’’[237]
12- يب، تهذيب الأحكام عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي الدُّعَاءِ بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الْغَدِيرِ رَبَّنَا أَجَبْنَا دَاعِيَكَ النَّذِيرَ الْمُنْذِرَ مُحَمَّداً ص عَبْدَكَ وَ رَسُولَكَ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع الَّذِي أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِ وَ جَعَلْتَهُ مَثَلًا لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنَّهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ مَوْلَاهُمْ وَ وَلِيُّهُمْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ فَإِنَّكَ قُلْتَ إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنا عَلَيْهِ وَ جَعَلْناهُ مَثَلًا لِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ.
(The book) ‘Tahzeeb Al Ahkaam’ –
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws in the supplication after Salat of Al-Ghadeer: ‘Our Lord-azwj! We answered Your-azwj caller, the warner, the warnee, Muhammad-saww Your-azwj servant and Your-azwj Rasool-saww to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws whom You-azwj Favoured upon and Made him-asws an example for the children of Israel that he-asws is Amir Al-Momineen and their master-asws, and their guardian up to the Day of Qiyamah, the Day of Religion, for You-azwj Said: ‘Surely he is only a servant We Favoured upon and We Made him an example for the Children of Israel [43:59]’’.[238]
13- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي أَبُو عَمْرٍو عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ مَعاً عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ صَبَّاحٍ الْمُزَنِيِّ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ حَصِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي صَادِقٍ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ نَاجِدٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: دَعَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّ فِيكَ شَبَهاً مِنْ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ أَحَبَّتْهُ النَّصَارَى حَتَّى أَنْزَلُوهُ بِمَنْزِلَةٍ لَيْسَ بِهَا وَ أَبْغَضَهُ الْيَهُودُ حَتَّى بَهَتُوا أُمَّهُ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Abu Amro, from Ibn Uqdah, from Al-Husayn Bin Abdul Rahman, from his father, and Usman Bin Saeed, both together from Amro Bin Sabir, from Sabbah Al Muzanni, from Al Haris Bin Haseyra, from Abu Sadiq, from Rabie Bin Najid,
‘From Ali-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww called me-asws. He-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! In you-asws there is a resemblance from Isa-as Ibn Maryam-as. The Christians loved him-as until they assigned him-as with a status he-asws isn’t (rightful) with it, and the Jews hated him-as until they accused (slandered) his-as mother-as’.
قَالَ وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَهْلِكُ فِيَّ رَجُلَانِ مُحِبٌّ مُفْرِطٌ بِمَا لَيْسَ فِيَّ وَ مُبْغِضٌ يَحْمِلُهُ شَنَآنِي عَلَى أَنْ يَبْهَتَنِي.
He (the narrator) said, ‘And Ali-asws said: ‘Two (types of) men were destroyed regarding me-asws – a lover being excessive with what isn’t in me-asws, and a hater, my-asws glory carries him upon slandering me-asws’’.[239]
14- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي ابْنُ الصَّلْتِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّ فِيكَ مَثَلًا مِنْ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ أَحَبَّهُ قَوْمٌ فَأَفْرَطُوا فِي حُبِّهِ فَهَلَكُوا فِيهِ وَ أَبْغَضَهُ قَوْمٌ فَأَفْرَطُوا فِي بُغْضِهِ فَهَلَكُوا فِيهِ وَ اقْتَصَدَ قَوْمٌ فَنَجَوْا.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Ibn Salt, from Ibn Uqdah, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Al-Husayni, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ubeydullah Bin Ali,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! In you-asws there is an example from Isa-as Bin Maryam-as. A people loved him-as and they were excessive in loving him-as, so they were destroyed regarding him-as; and a people hated him-as and they were excessive in hating him-as, so they were destroyed regarding him-as, and a people were moderate, so they attained salvation’’.[240]
15- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِإِسْنَادِ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: قَالَ لِيَ النَّبِيُّ ص فِيكَ مَثَلٌ مِنْ عِيسَى أَحَبَّهُ النَّصَارَى حَتَّى كَفَرُوا وَ أَبْغَضَهُ الْيَهُودُ حَتَّى كَفَرُوا فِي بُغْضِهِ.
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – By the chain of Al-Tameemi, from Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww said to me-asws: ‘In you-asws there is an example from Isa-as. The Christians loved him-as until they blasphemed and the Jews hated him-as until they blasphemed in his-as hatred’’.[241]
16- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنْ وَكِيعٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي صَادِقٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْأَعَزِّ عَنْ سَلْمَانَ الْفَارِسِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ جَالِسٌ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ إِذْ قَالَ إِنَّهُ يَدْخُلُ السَّاعَةَ شَبِيهُ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ
Tafseer Al Qummi – My father, from Wakie, from Al Amsh, from Salama Bin Kuheyl, from Abu Sadiq, from Al Azzi,
‘From Salman Al-Farsi-ra having said, ‘While Rasool-Allah-saww seated among his-saww companions when he-saww said: ‘Right now a resemblance of Isa-as Ibn Maryam-as would be entering’.
فَخَرَجَ بَعْضُ مَنْ كَانَ جَالِساً مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَيَكُونَ هُوَ الدَّاخِلَ فَدَخَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ أَ مَا رَضِيَ مُحَمَّدٌ أَنْ فَضَّلَ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْنَا حَتَّى يُشَبِّهَهُ بِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَ اللَّهِ لَآلِهَتُنَا الَّتِي كُنَّا نَعْبُدُهَا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْهُ
Someone who was seated with Rasool-Allah-saww went out so he would be the one to enter, but Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws entered. The man said to one of his companions, ‘Is Muhammad-saww not pleased that he-saww prefers Ali-asws over us to the extent that he-saww (now) resembles him-asws with Isa-as Bin Maryam-as? By Allah-azwj! Our gods (idols) which we used to worship during the Pre-Islamic period are superior than him-asws’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَجْلِسِ- وَ لَمَّا ضَرَبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذَا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَضِجُّونَ فَحَرَّفُوهَا يَصِدُّونَ وَ قَالُوا أَ آلِهَتُنَا خَيْرٌ أَمْ هُوَ مَا ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلَّا جَدَلًا بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ إِنْ عَلِيٌّ إِلَّا عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَ جَعَلْنَاهُ مَثَلًا لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَمُحِيَ اسْمُهُ وَ كُشِطَ عَنْ هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ
Allah-azwj Revealed regarding that gathering And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are clamouring [43:57], so they altered it to ‘laughing loudly’, and they said, ‘And they are saying, ‘Are our gods better or him?’ They are not striking (an example of) him to you except for quarrelling. But, they are a disputing people [43:58] Surely Ali is only a servant We Favoured upon and Made him an example for the Children of Israel [43:59]. So they removed his-asws name, and scrubbed it off from this place’.
ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ خَطَرَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ- وَ إِنَّهُ لَعِلْمٌ لِلسَّاعَةِ فَلا تَمْتَرُنَّ بِها وَ اتَّبِعُونِ هذا صِراطٌ مُسْتَقِيمٌ يَعْنِي أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع.
Then Allah-azwj Mentioned the high worth of Amir Al-Momineen-asws, so He-azwj Said: And surely he has the knowledge of the Hour, therefore do not be doubting with it and follow me. This one is a Straight Path [43:61] – meaning Amir Al-Momineen-asws’’.[242]
17- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع لَمَّا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص يَا عَلِيُّ لَوْ لَا أَنَّنِي أَخَافُ أَنْ يَقُولَ فِيكَ مَا قَالَتِ النَّصَارَى فِي الْمَسِيحِ لَقُلْتُ الْيَوْمَ فِيكَ مَقَالَةً- لَا تَمُرُّ بِمَلَإٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَّا أَخَذُوا التُّرَابَ مِنْ تَحْتِ قَدَمِكَ الْخَبَرَ
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Abu Baseer,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘When the Prophet-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! If I-saww had not feared that they would be saying regarding you-asws what the Christians said regarding the Messiah-as, I-saww would say today regarding you-asws such words, no assembly from the Muslims would pass by except they would take the soil from under your-asws feet’ – the Hadeeth.
قَالَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْفِهْرِيُّ لِقَوْمٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ مَا وَجَدَ مُحَمَّدٌ لِابْنِ عَمِّهِ مَثَلًا إِلَّا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَهُ نَبِيّاً مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ آلِهَتَنَا الَّتِي كُنَّا نَعْبُدُ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ
Al-Haris Bin Amro Al-Fihry said to a group of his companions, ‘Muhammad-saww did not find any example for the son-asws of his-saww uncle except Isa Ibn Maryam-as? There is no doubt he-saww would make him-asws to be a Prophet-as from after him-saww. By Allah-azwj! Our gods (idols) which we used to worship, are better than him-asws’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ إِنَّهُ لَعِلْمٌ لِلسَّاعَةِ فَلا تَمْتَرُنَّ بِها وَ اتَّبِعُونِ هذا صِراطٌ مُسْتَقِيمٌ
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, [43:57] – up to His-azwj Words: And surely he has the knowledge of the Hour, therefore do not be doubting with it and follow me. This one is a Straight Path [43:61]’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّهُ نَزَلَ أَيْضاً – إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنا عَلَيْهِ الْآيَةَ
And in another report, it was Revealed as well: Surely he is only a servant We Favoured upon [43:59] – the Verse.
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص يَا حَارِثُ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ ارْجِعْ عَمَّا قُلْتَ مِنَ الْعَدَاوَةِ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ
The Prophet-saww said: ‘O Haris! Fear Allah-azwj and retract from what you said out of the enmity to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.
فَقَالَ إِذَا كُنْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَصِيُّكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ وَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُكَ سَيِّدَةُ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ابْنَاكَ سَيِّدَا شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ حَمْزَةُ عَمُّكَ سَيِّدُ الشُّهَدَاءِ وَ جَعْفَرٌ الطَّيَّارُ ابْنُ عَمِّكَ يَطِيرُ مَعَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ السِّقَايَةُ لِلْعَبَّاسِ عَمِّكَ فَمَا تَرَكْتَ لِسَائِرِ قُرَيْشٍ وَ هُمْ وُلْدُ أَبِيكَ
He said, ‘When you-saww were a Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj and Ali-asws is your-saww successor-asws from after you-saww, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws your-asws daughter-asws is chieftess of women of the worlds, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws your-saww two (grand) sons-asws are chiefs of the people of the Paradise, and Hamza-as your-saww uncle-as is chief of the martyrs, and Ja’far-as the son-as of your-saww uncle-as is flying with the Angels in the Paradise, and the quenching (the pilgrims) is for your-saww uncle Al Abbas, so what have you-saww left for rest of Quraysh, and they are children of your-saww father-as?’
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَيْلَكَ يَا حَارِثُ مَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ بِبَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ فَعَلَهُ بِهِمْ فَقَالَ إِنْ كانَ هذا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنا حِجارَةً مِنَ السَّماءِ الْآيَةَ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Woe be unto you, O Haris! I-saww did not do that with the sons of Abdul Muttalib-asws, but Allah-azwj Did it with them, so He-azwj Said: ‘In case this is the Truth from Your Presence, then Rain upon us stones from the sky or Give up a painful Punishment [8:32] – the Verse.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ أَنْتَ فِيهِمْ وَ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْحَارِثَ فَقَالَ إِمَّا أَنْ تَتُوبَ أَوْ تَرْحَلَ عَنَّا قَالَ فَإِنَّ قَلْبِي لَا يُطَاوِعُنِي إِلَى التَّوْبَةِ لَكِنِّي أَرْحَلُ عَنْكَ فَرَكِبَ رَاحِلَتَهُ
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: And Allah was not going to Punish them while you were among them, [8:33]. And Rasool-Allah-saww called Al Haris. He-saww said: ‘Either you repent or depart away from us’. He said, ‘Surely, my heart will not obey me to the repentance, but I shall depart from you’. He rode his animal.
فَلَمَّا أَصْحَرَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ طَيْراً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فِي مِنْقَارِهِ حَصَاةٌ مِثْلُ الْعَدَسَةِ فَأَنْزَلَهَا عَلَى هَامَتِهِ وَ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ دُبُرِهِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ فَفَحَصَ بِرِجْلِهِ وَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى رَسُولِهِ- سَأَلَ سائِلٌ بِعَذابٍ واقِعٍ لِلْكَافِرِينَ بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ هَكَذَا نَزَلَ بِهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع.
When it was pre-dawn, Allah-azwj Sent down a bird from the sky unto hi, it is beat was a pebble like the grain of lentil. It sent it down upon his skull and it came out from his behind to the ground, and he kicked his legs (and died). And Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed unto His-azwj Rasool-saww: A questioner, asked for the Punishment to befall to the disbelievers in the Wilayah of Ali-asws [70:1]. He-asws said: ‘That is how Jibraeel-as descended with it’’.[243]
18- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ الْمُزَنِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلِيّاً إِلَى شِعْبٍ فَأَعْظَمَ فِيهِ الْعَنَاءُ فَلَمَّا أَنْ جَاءَ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي نَبَؤُكَ وَ الَّذِي صَنَعْتَ وَ أَنَا عَنْكَ رَاضٍ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Al-Husayn Bin Saeed and Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Zakariyya, from Yahya Bin Al Sabbah Al Muzanny, from Amro Bin Umeyr, from his father who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent Ali-asws to a mountain pass and the afflictions were mighty in it. When he-asws came, he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Your-asws news had reached me-saww, and that which you-asws did, and I-saww am pleased from you-asws’.
قَالَ فَبَكَى عَلِيٌّ ع فَقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا يُبْكِيكَ يَا عَلِيُّ أَ فَرَحٌ أَمْ حُزْنٌ قَالَ بَلْ فَرَحٌ وَ مَا لِي لَا أَفْرَحُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ أَنْتَ عَنِّي رَاضٍ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Ali-asws wept. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘What makes you-asws cry, O Ali-asws? Are you happy or sad?’ He-asws said: ‘But, happy, and what is the matter I-asws should not be happy, O Rasool-Allah-saww, and you-saww are pleased from me-asws?’
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَمَا وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَ مَلَائِكَتَهُ وَ جَبْرَئِيلَ وَ مِيكَائِيلَ عَنْكَ رَاضُونَ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَا أَنْ يَقُولَ فِيكَ طَوَائِفُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي مَا قَالَتِ النَّصَارَى فِي عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ لَقُلْتُ الْيَوْمَ فِيكَ قَوْلًا لَا تَمُرُّ بِمَلَإٍ مِنْهُمْ قَلُّوا أَوْ كَثُرُوا إِلَّا قَامُوا إِلَيْكَ يَأْخُذُونَ التُّرَابَ مِنْ تَحْتِ قَدَمَيْكَ يَلْتَمِسُونَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْبَرَكَةَ
The Prophet-saww said: ‘But not only I-saww, even Allah-azwj and His-azwj Angels, and Jibraeel-as and Mikaeel-as are pleased from you-asws. But, by Allah-azwj! Had it not been for groups from my-saww community might be saying regarding you-asws what the Christians said regarding Isa-as Ibn Maryam-as, I-saww would say today regarding you-asws such words, you-asws would not have passed by any assembly of their except they would have stood up to you-asws, taking the soil from under your-asws feed, seeking the Blessings in that’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ قُرَيْشٌ مَا رَضِيَ حَتَّى جَعَلَهُ مَثَلًا لِابْنِ مَرْيَمَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ قَالَ يَضِجُّونَ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Quraysh said, ‘He-saww is not pleased until he-saww has made him-asws an example for the son-as of Maryam-as’. So, Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: : And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57]. He-asws said: ‘Clamouring’’.[244]
19- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: جِئْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ هُوَ فِي مَلَإٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّمَا مَثَلُكَ فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ كَمَثَلِ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ أَحَبَّهُ قَوْمٌ فَأَفْرَطُوا وَ أَبْغَضَهُ قَوْمٌ فَأَفْرَطُوا
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Al-Husayn Bin Yusuf, from Yusuf Bin Musa Bin Isa Bin Abdullah who said, ‘My father informed me, from his father, from his grandfather,
‘From Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘I-asws came to the Prophet-saww and he-saww was in an assembly of Quraysh. He-saww looked at him (me-asws), then said: ‘O Ali-asws! But rather, your-asws example in this community is like an example of Isa-as Ibn Maryam-as. A people loved him-as, so they were excessive, and a people hated him-as and they were excessive’.
فَضَحِكَ الْمَلَأُ الَّذِينَ عِنْدَهُ وَ قَالُوا انْظُرُوا كَيْفَ يُشَبِّهُ ابْنَ عَمِّهِ بِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ قَالَ فَنَزَلَ الْوَحْيُ وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ.
The assembly laughed in his-saww presence and they said, ‘Look, how he-saww resembles him-asws with Isa Ibn Maryam-as!’ The Revelation was Revealed: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57]’’.[245]
20- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَادَةُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ حَصِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي صَادِقٍ عَنْ رَبِيعةَ بْنِ نَاجِدٍ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّ فِيكَ مَثَلًا مِنْ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ إِنَّ الْيَهُودَ أَبْغَضُوهُ حَتَّى بَهَتُوهُ وَ إِنَّ النَّصَارَى أَحَبُّوهُ حَتَّى جَعَلُوهُ إِلَهاً وَ يَهْلِكُ فِيكَ رَجُلَانِ مُحِبٌّ مُطْرٍ وَ مُبْغِضٌ مُفْتَرٍ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ahmad Bin Al Qasim who said, ‘It was informed to us by Ubada, meaning Ibn Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Kaseer, from Al Haris Bin Hasseyra, from Abu Sadiq, from Rabie Bin Najid,
‘From Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! In you-asws there is an example of Isa-as Ibn Maryam-as. The Jews hates him-as until they slandered him-as, and the Christians loved him-as until they made him-as a god, and two (types of) men would be destroyed regarding you-asws, an excessive lover and an fabricating hater’.
وَ قَالَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ مَا قَالُوا لَمَّا رَفَعَ بِضَبْعِ ابْنِ عَمِّهِ جَعَلَهُ مَثَلًا لِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ هَذَا وَ ضَجُّوا بِمَا قَالُوا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ- وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ أَيْ يَضِجُّونَ
And the hypocrites said what they said when he-saww raised the mid-arm of the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as, (they said), ‘He-saww has made him-asws an example to Isa-as Ibn Maryam-as, and how can this be?’ And they laughed with what they said. So, Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed this Verse: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57], i.e. clamouring.
قَالَ وَ هِيَ فِي قِرَاءَةِ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ يَضِجُّونَ.
He said, ‘And it is in the recitation of Ubay Bin Ka’ab: ‘clamouring’’.[246]
21- فر، تفسير فرات بن إبراهيم عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هِنْدٍ الْجُعْفِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الْفُرْقَانِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ لَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ الصُّورِيُ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لِأَبِي ذَرٍّ مَا أَقَلَّتِ الْغَبْرَاءُ وَ لَا أَظَلَّتِ الْخَضْرَاءُ عَلَى ذِي لَهْجَةٍ أَصْدَقَ مِنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ أَ لَمْ يَكُنِ النَّبِيُّ قَالَ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَمَا الْقِصَّةُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فِي ذَلِكَ
Tafseer Furaat Bin Ibrahim – Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Hind Al Jufy, from Ahmad Bin Suleyman Al Furqani who said, ‘Ibn Al Mubarak Al Sowry said,
‘The Prophet-saww said for Abu Zarr-ra: ‘Neither has the dust (ground) carried nor has the green (sky) shaded upon anyone with a one more truthful than Abu Zarr-ra’. Didn’t the Prophet-saww happen to say (that)?’ He said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So, what is the story, O Abu Abdullah, regarding that?’
قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إِذْ قَالَ يَطْلُعُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ هَذَا الْفَجِ رَجُلٌ يُشْبِهُ بِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ فَاسْتَشْرَفَتْ قُرَيْشٌ لِلْمَوْضِعِ فَلَمْ يَطْلُعْ أَحَدٌ وَ قَامَ النَّبِيُّ ص لِبَعْضِ حَاجَتِهِ إِذَا طَلَعَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْفَجِّ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
He said, ‘The Prophet-saww was among a number of Quraysh when he-saww said: ‘A man would be emerging to you from this mountain pass resembling Isa-as Ibn Maryam-as’. Quraysh went to overlook upon the place, but no one emerged, and the Prophet stood for one of his-saww needs, when there emerged from that mountain pass, Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws.
فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ قَالُوا الِارْتِدَادُ وَ عِبَادَةُ الْأَوْثَانِ أَيْسَرُ عَلَيْنَا مِمَّا يُشَبِّهُ ابْنَ عَمِّهِ بِنَبِيٍّ فَقَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُمْ قَالُوا كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَقَالُوا بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ كَذَبَ وَ حَلَفُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ
When they saw him-asws, they said, ‘The apostasy and worshipping the idols is easier upon us from what he-saww is resembling the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as with’. Abu Zarr-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! They said such and such!’ They said in unison, ‘He-ra is lying!’ And they swore an oath upon that’.
فَجَحَدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى أَبِي ذَرٍّ فَمَا بَرِحَ حَتَّى نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْوَحْيُ- وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ قَالَ يَضِجُّونَ
Rasool-Allah-saww rejected Abu Zarr-ra. He-saww had not departed until the Revelation descended unto him-saww: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57]. He-asws said: ‘(It means) clamouring!’.
وَ قالُوا أَ آلِهَتُنا خَيْرٌ أَمْ هُوَ ما ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلَّا جَدَلًا بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنا عَلَيْهِ وَ جَعَلْناهُ مَثَلًا لِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا أَظَلَّتِ الْخَضْرَاءُ وَ لَا أَقَلَّتِ الْغَبْرَاءُ عَلَى ذِي لَهْجَةٍ أَصْدَقَ مِنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ.
And they are saying, ‘Are our gods better or him?’ They are not striking (an example of) him to you except for quarrelling. But, they are a disputing people [43:58] Surely he is only a servant We Favoured upon and Made him an example for the Children of Israel [43:59]. So, Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Neither has the green (sky) shaded nor has the dust (ground) carried anyone with a tone more truthful than of Abu Zarr-ra’’.[247]
22- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ جَالِساً إِذْ أَقْبَلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ فِيكَ شَبَهاً مِنْ عِيسَى بْنِ مَرْيَمَ لَوْ لَا أَنْ تَقُولَ فِيكَ طَوَائِفُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي مَا قَالَتِ النَّصَارَى فِي عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ لَقُلْتُ فِيكَ قَوْلًا- لَا تَمُرُّ بِمَلَإٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِلَّا أَخَذُوا التُّرَابَ مِنْ تَحْتِ قَدَمَيْكَ يَلْتَمِسُونَ بِذَلِكَ الْبَرَكَةَ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman, from his father, from Abu Baseer who said:
‘One day Rasool-Allah-saww was explaining (matters) in a session, when Amir-Al-Momineen-asws came over. Rasool-Allah-saww said to him-asws that: ‘In you-asws there is a similarity with Isa-as Bin Maryam-as, and had it not been for a sect from my-saww community saying regarding you-asws what the Christians are saying regarding Isa-as Bin Maryam-as, I-saww would have said regarding you-asws such words that none from the people would pass by you-asws except that he would take the dust from under your-asws feet seeking Blessings by that’.
قَالَ فَغَضِبَ الْأَعْرَابِيَّانِ وَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ وَ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مَعَهُمْ فَقَالُوا مَا رَضِيَ أَنْ يَضْرِبَ لِابْنِ عَمِّهِ مَثَلًا إِلَّا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ
He-asws said: ‘Two Bedouins became angered along with Al-Mugheira Bin Sho’bat as well a number from the Quraysh among them. So they said, ‘He-saww was not happy until he-saww struck an example for the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as with Isa-as Bin Maryam-as’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ فَقَالَ- وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ- وَ قالُوا أَ آلِهَتُنا خَيْرٌ أَمْ هُوَ ما ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلَّا جَدَلًا بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنا عَلَيْهِ وَ جَعَلْناهُ مَثَلًا لِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ- وَ لَوْ نَشاءُ لَجَعَلْنا مِنْكُمْ يَعْنِي مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ- مَلائِكَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ يَخْلُفُونَ
Allah-azwj Revealed unto His-azwj Prophet-saww Saying: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57] And they are saying, ‘Are our gods better or him?’ They are not striking (an example of) him to you except for quarrelling. But, they are a disputing people [43:58] Surely he is only a servant We Favoured upon and Made him an example for the Children of Israel [43:59] And had We so Desired, We would have Made from you – Meaning the clan of Hashim-as, Angels in the earth succeeding (each other) [43:59].
قَالَ فَغَضِبَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْفِهْرِيُّ فَقَالَ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كانَ هذا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ أَنَّ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ يَتَوَارَثُونَ هِرَقْلًا بَعْدَ هِرَقْلٍ- فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنا حِجارَةً مِنَ السَّماءِ أَوِ ائْتِنا بِعَذابٍ أَلِيمٍ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ مَقَالَةَ الْحَارِثِ وَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ أَنْتَ فِيهِمْ وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ مُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ
He-asws said: ‘Al-Haris Bin Amro Al-Fahry became angry and said, ‘O Allah! In case this is the Truth from Your Presence – that the Clan of Hashim-as will be inheriting from Heraclius and after Heraclius, then Rain upon us stones from the sky or Give up a painful Punishment [8:32]. So Allah-azwj Revealed (upon) the words of Al-Haaris and this Verse Came down: And Allah was not going to Punish them while you were among them, nor was Allah Punish them while they are seeking Forgiveness [8:33].
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَبَا عَمْرٍو إِمَّا تُبْتَ وَ إِمَّا رَحَلْتَ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ بَلْ تَجْعَلُ لِسَائِرِ قُرَيْشٍ شَيْئاً مِمَّا فِي يَدَيْكَ فَقَدْ ذَهَبَتْ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ بِمَكْرُمَةِ الْعَرَبِ وَ الْعَجَمِ
Then he-saww said to him: ‘O Ibn Amro, either you repent or you leave’. He said, ‘O Muhammad-saww, but you-saww have made for all of the Quraysh something from what is in your-saww hands, for the Clan of Hashim-as have taken away the prestige of the Arabs and the non-Arabs’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ إِلَيَّ ذَلِكَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ قَلْبِي مَا يُتَابِعُنِي عَلَى التَّوْبَةِ وَ لَكِنْ أَرْحَلُ عَنْكَ فَدَعَا بِرَاحِلَتِهِ فَرَكِبَهَا فَلَمَّا سَارَ بِظَهْرِ الْمَدِينَةِ أَتَتْهُ جَنْدَلَةٌ فَرَضَّتْ هَامَتَهُ
The Prophet-saww said to him: ‘That is not up to me-saww, but that is up to Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted’. He said, ‘O Muhammad-saww, my heart does not incline me for the repentance, but I shall leave from you’. So he called for his ride and rode away. When he came to the back of Al-Medina, a stone fell upon him and crushed his skull.
ثُمَّ أَتَى الْوَحْيُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ- سَأَلَ سائِلٌ بِعَذابٍ واقِعٍ- لِلْكافِرينَ بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ دافِعٌ- مِنَ اللَّهِ ذِي الْمَعارِجِ
Then Revelation Came to the Prophet-saww Saying: A questioner, asked for the Punishment to befall [70:1] For the disbelievers in the Wilayah of Ali, there being no dispeller for it [70:2] (It is) from Allah, the Lord of the ways of Ascent [70:3].
قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّا لَا نَقْرَؤُهَا هَكَذَا فَقَالَ هَكَذَا نَزَلَ بِهَا جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ هَكَذَا هُوَ وَ اللَّهِ مُثْبَتٌ فِي مُصْحَفِ فَاطِمَةَ ع
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, we do not read it like this’. He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! This is how Jibraeel-as Descended with it upon Muhammad-saww, and by Allah-azwj, this is how it is recorded in the Parchment (Mus’haf) of (Syeda) Fatima-asws’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِمَنْ حَوْلَهُ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ انْطَلِقُوا إِلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ فَقَدْ أَتَاهُ مَا اسْتَفْتَحَ بِهِ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ اسْتَفْتَحُوا وَ خابَ كُلُّ جَبَّارٍ عَنِيدٍ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said to those who were around him-saww from the hypocrites: ‘Go to your companion, for there has come to him what judgment he was asking for’. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And they are asking for judgment, and every stubborn tyrant was disappointed [14:15]’’.[248]
22- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ جَالِساً إِذْ أَقْبَلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ فِيكَ شَبَهاً مِنْ عِيسَى بْنِ مَرْيَمَ لَوْ لَا أَنْ تَقُولَ فِيكَ طَوَائِفُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي مَا قَالَتِ النَّصَارَى فِي عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ لَقُلْتُ فِيكَ قَوْلًا- لَا تَمُرُّ بِمَلَإٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِلَّا أَخَذُوا التُّرَابَ مِنْ تَحْتِ قَدَمَيْكَ يَلْتَمِسُونَ بِذَلِكَ الْبَرَكَةَ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman, from his father, from Abu Baseer who said:
‘One day Rasool-Allah-saww was explaining (matters) in a session, when Amir-Al-Momineen-asws came over. Rasool-Allah-saww said to him-asws that: ‘In you-asws there is a similarity with Isa-as Bin Maryam-as, and had it not been for a sect from my-saww community saying regarding you-asws what the Christians are saying regarding Isa-as Bin Maryam-as, I-saww would have said regarding you-asws such words that none from the people would pass by you-asws except that he would take the dust from under your-asws feet seeking Blessings by that’.
قَالَ فَغَضِبَ الْأَعْرَابِيَّانِ وَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ وَ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مَعَهُمْ فَقَالُوا مَا رَضِيَ أَنْ يَضْرِبَ لِابْنِ عَمِّهِ مَثَلًا إِلَّا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ
He-asws said: ‘Two Bedouins became angered along with Al-Mugheira Bin Sho’bat as well a number from the Quraysh among them. So they said, ‘He-saww was not happy until he-saww struck an example for the son-asws of his-saww uncle-as with Isa-as Bin Maryam-as’.
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ فَقَالَ- وَ لَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلًا إِذا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ- وَ قالُوا أَ آلِهَتُنا خَيْرٌ أَمْ هُوَ ما ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلَّا جَدَلًا بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ- إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنا عَلَيْهِ وَ جَعَلْناهُ مَثَلًا لِبَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ- وَ لَوْ نَشاءُ لَجَعَلْنا مِنْكُمْ يَعْنِي مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ- مَلائِكَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ يَخْلُفُونَ
Allah-azwj Revealed unto His-azwj Prophet-saww Saying: And when an example is struck for the son of Maryam, then your people are laughing loudly [43:57] And they are saying, ‘Are our gods better or him?’ They are not striking (an example of) him to you except for quarrelling. But, they are a disputing people [43:58] Surely he is only a servant We Favoured upon and Made him an example for the Children of Israel [43:59] And had We so Desired, We would have Made from you – Meaning the clan of Hashim-as, Angels in the earth succeeding (each other) [43:59].
قَالَ فَغَضِبَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْفِهْرِيُّ فَقَالَ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كانَ هذا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ أَنَّ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ يَتَوَارَثُونَ هِرَقْلًا بَعْدَ هِرَقْلٍ- فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنا حِجارَةً مِنَ السَّماءِ أَوِ ائْتِنا بِعَذابٍ أَلِيمٍ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ مَقَالَةَ الْحَارِثِ وَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ أَنْتَ فِيهِمْ وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ مُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ
He-asws said: ‘Al-Haris Bin Amro Al-Fahry became angry and said, ‘O Allah! In case this is the Truth from Your Presence – that the Clan of Hashim-as will be inheriting from Heraclius and after Heraclius, then Rain upon us stones from the sky or Give up a painful Punishment [8:32]. So Allah-azwj Revealed (upon) the words of Al-Haaris and this Verse Came down: And Allah was not going to Punish them while you were among them, nor was Allah Punish them while they are seeking Forgiveness [8:33].
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَبَا عَمْرٍو إِمَّا تُبْتَ وَ إِمَّا رَحَلْتَ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ بَلْ تَجْعَلُ لِسَائِرِ قُرَيْشٍ شَيْئاً مِمَّا فِي يَدَيْكَ فَقَدْ ذَهَبَتْ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ بِمَكْرُمَةِ الْعَرَبِ وَ الْعَجَمِ
Then he-saww said to him: ‘O Ibn Amro, either you repent or you leave’. He said, ‘O Muhammad-saww, but you-saww have made for all of the Quraysh something from what is in your-saww hands, for the Clan of Hashim-as have taken away the prestige of the Arabs and the non-Arabs’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ إِلَيَّ ذَلِكَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ قَلْبِي مَا يُتَابِعُنِي عَلَى التَّوْبَةِ وَ لَكِنْ أَرْحَلُ عَنْكَ فَدَعَا بِرَاحِلَتِهِ فَرَكِبَهَا فَلَمَّا سَارَ بِظَهْرِ الْمَدِينَةِ أَتَتْهُ جَنْدَلَةٌ فَرَضَّتْ هَامَتَهُ
The Prophet-saww said to him: ‘That is not up to me-saww, but that is up to Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted’. He said, ‘O Muhammad-saww, my heart does not incline me for the repentance, but I shall leave from you’. So he called for his ride and rode away. When he came to the back of Al-Medina, a stone fell upon him and crushed his skull.
ثُمَّ أَتَى الْوَحْيُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ- سَأَلَ سائِلٌ بِعَذابٍ واقِعٍ- لِلْكافِرينَ بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ دافِعٌ- مِنَ اللَّهِ ذِي الْمَعارِجِ
Then Revelation Came to the Prophet-saww Saying: A questioner, asked for the Punishment to befall [70:1] For the disbelievers in the Wilayah of Ali, there being no dispeller for it [70:2] (It is) from Allah, the Lord of the ways of Ascent [70:3].
قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّا لَا نَقْرَؤُهَا هَكَذَا فَقَالَ هَكَذَا نَزَلَ بِهَا جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ هَكَذَا هُوَ وَ اللَّهِ مُثْبَتٌ فِي مُصْحَفِ فَاطِمَةَ ع
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, we do not read it like this’. He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! This is how Jibraeel-as Descended with it upon Muhammad-saww, and by Allah-azwj, this is how it is recorded in the Parchment (Mus’haf) of (Syeda) Fatima-asws’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِمَنْ حَوْلَهُ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ انْطَلِقُوا إِلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ فَقَدْ أَتَاهُ مَا اسْتَفْتَحَ بِهِ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ اسْتَفْتَحُوا وَ خابَ كُلُّ جَبَّارٍ عَنِيدٍ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said to those who were around him-saww from the hypocrites: ‘Go to your companion, for there has come to him what judgment he was asking for’. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And they are asking for judgment, and every stubborn tyrant was disappointed [14:15]’’.[249]
[1] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 1
[2] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 2
[3] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 3
[4] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 4 a
[5] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 4 b
[6] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 4 c
[7] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 4 d
[8] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 4 e
[9] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 4 f
[10] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 4 g
[11] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 5
[12] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 6
[13] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 7
[14] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 8
[15] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 9
[16] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 10
[17] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 11
[18] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 12
[19] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 13 a
[20] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 13 b
[21] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 13 c
[22] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 13 d
[23] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 13 e
[24] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 13 f
[25] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 13 g
[26] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 14
[27] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 15 a
[28] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 15 b
[29] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 16 a
[30] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 16 b
[31] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 17
[32] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 18
[33] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 19
[34] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 20 a
[35] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 20 b
[36] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 21
[37] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 22 a
[38] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 22 b
[39] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 22 c
[40] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 22 d
[41] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 23 a
[42] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 23 b
[43] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 23 c
[44] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 23 d
[45] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 23 e
[46] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 23 f
[47] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 23 g
[48] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 24
[49] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 25
[50] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 4 H 26
[51] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 1
[52] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 2
[53] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 3
[54] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 4
[55] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 5
[56] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 6
[57] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 7
[58] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 8
[59] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 9
[60] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 10
[61] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 11
[62] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 12
[63] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 13
[64] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 14
[65] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 15
[66] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 16
[67] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 17
[68] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 18
[69] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 19
[70] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 20
[71] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 21
[72] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 22
[73] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 23
[74] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 24
[75] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 25 a
[76] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 25 b
[77] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 26
[78] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 27
[79] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 28
[80] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 29
[81] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 30
[82] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 31
[83] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 32
[84] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 33 a
[85] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 33 b
[86] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 33 c
[87] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 a
[88] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 b
[89] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 c
[90] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 d
[91] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 e
[92] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 f
[93] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 g
[94] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 h
[95] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 i
[96] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 j
[97] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 k
[98] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 l
[99] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 m
[100] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 n
[101] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 o
[102] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 p
[103] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 q
[104] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 r
[105] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 s
[106] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 t
[107] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 u
[108] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 v
[109] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 w
[110] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 x
[111] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 y
[112] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 z
[113] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 z a
[114] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 5 H 34 z b
[115] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 1
[116] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 2
[117] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 3
[118] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 4
[119] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 5
[120] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 6 a
[121] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 6 b
[122] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 7
[123] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 8
[124] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 9
[125] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 10
[126] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 11
[127] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 12
[128] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 13
[129] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 14
[130] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 15 a
[131] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 15 b
[132] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 15 c
[133] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 15 d
[134] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 15 e
[135] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 6 H 15 f
[136] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 1
[137] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 2
[138] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 3
[139] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 4
[140] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 5
[141] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 6
[142] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 7
[143] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 8
[144] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 9
[145] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 10
[146] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 11
[147] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 12
[148] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 13
[149] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 14
[150] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 15
[151] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 16
[152] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 7 H 17
[153] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 1 a
[154] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 1 b
[155] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 1 c
[156] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 2 a
[157] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 2 b
[158] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 2 c
[159] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 3
[160] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 4
[161] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 5
[162] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 6
[163] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 7
[164] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 8
[165] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 9
[166] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 10
[167] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 8 H 10
[168] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 1
[169] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 2
[170] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 3
[171] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 4
[172] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 5
[173] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 6 a
[174] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 6 b
[175] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 6 c
[176] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 6 d
[177] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 6 e
[178] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 6 f
[179] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 7 a
[180] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 7 b
[181] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 7 c
[182] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 8
[183] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 9
[184] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 10
[185] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 11
[186] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 12
[187] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 13
[188] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 14
[189] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 15 a
[190] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 15 b
[191] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 16
[192] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 17 a
[193] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 17 b
[194] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 18
[195] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 19
[196] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 20
[197] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 21
[198] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 22
[199] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 23
[200] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 24
[201] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 25
[202] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 26 a
[203] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 26 b
[204] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 26 c
[205] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 26 d
[206] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 26 e
[207] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 26 f
[208] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 26 g
[209] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 26 h
[210] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 27 a
[211] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 27 b
[212] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 27 c
[213] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 a
[214] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 b
[215] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 c
[216] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 d
[217] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 e
[218] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 f
[219] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 g
[220] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 h
[221] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 i
[222] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 j
[223] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 k
[224] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 9 H 28 l
[225] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 1
[226] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 2
[227] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 3
[228] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 4 a
[229] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 4 b
[230] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 4 c
[231] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 5
[232] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 6
[233] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 7
[234] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 8
[235] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 9
[236] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 10
[237] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 11
[238] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 12
[239] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 13
[240] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 14
[241] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 15
[242] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 16
[243] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 17
[244] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 18
[245] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 19
[246] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 20
[247] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 21
[248] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 22
[249] Bihar Al Anwaar – V 35, The book of History – Amir Al Momineenasws, Ch 10 H 22