ج 49
Volume 49
Part 2 out of 3
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
باب 11 وروده ع بنيسابور و ما ظهر فيه من المعجزات
CHAPTER 11 – HIS-asws ARRIVAL AT NESHAPOUR AND WHAT MIRACLES HE-asws REVEALED IN IT
1- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنِ اللَّيْثِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَنْبَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ مُزَاحِمٍ عَنْ خَالِهِ أَبِي الصَّلْتِ الْهَرَوِيِّ قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ الرِّضَا ع لَمَّا دَخَلَ نَيْسَابُورَ وَ هُوَ رَاكِبٌ بَغْلَةً شَهْبَاءَ وَ قَدْ خَرَجَ عُلَمَاءُ نَيْسَابُورَ فِي اسْتِقْبَالِهِ فَلَمَّا صَارَ إِلَى الْمُرَبَّعَةِ تَعَلَّقُوا بِلِجَامِ بَغْلَتِهِ وَ قَالُوا يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَدِّثْنَا بِحَقِّ آبَائِكَ الطَّاهِرِينَ حَدِيثاً عَنْ آبَائِكَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – A group, from Abu Al Mufazzal, from Al Lays Bin Muhammad Al Anbary, from Ahmad Bin Abdul Samad Bin Muzahim, from his maternal uncle Abu Al Salt Al Harwy who said,
‘When he-asws entered Neshapour, and he-asws was riding a grey mule, and the scholars of Neshapour had come out in receiving him-asws. When he-asws came to the crossroad, they hung on with the rein of his-asws mule and said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Narrate to us, by the right of your-asws forefathers-asws, the pure, a Hadeeth from your-asws forefathers-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws all’.
فَأَخْرَجَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الْهَوْدَجِ وَ عَلَيْهِ مِطْرَفُ خَزٍّ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْحُسَيْنِ سَيِّدِ شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
He-asws brought out his-asws head from the carriage, and upon him-asws was a woollen cloak. He-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws father Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws from his-asws father-asws Al-Husayn-asws chief of the youths of the people of Paradise, from Amir Al-Momineen-asws, from Rsool-Allah-saww having said:
قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ عَنِ اللَّهِ تَقَدَّسَتْ أَسْمَاؤُهُ وَ جَلَّ وَجْهُهُ إِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا وَحْدِي عِبَادِي فَاعْبُدُونِي وَ لْيَعْلَمْ مَنْ لَقِيَنِي مِنْكُمْ بِشَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ مُخْلِصاً بِهَا أَنَّهُ قَدْ دَخَلَ حِصْنِي وَ مَنْ دَخَلَ حِصْنِي أَمِنَ مِنْ عَذَابِي
‘The trustworthy Spirit Jibraeel-as informed me-saww from Allah-azwj, Holy are His-azwj Names, and Majestic is His-azwj Face: “Me-azwj, I-azwj am Allah-azwj. There is no god except I-azwj Alone. My-azwj servants! Worship Me-azwj, and let him know, the one from you who meets Me-azwj with the testimony that there is no god except Allah-azwj being sincere with it, he would have entered into My-azwj Fortress. He would be safe from My-azwj Punishment!”’
قَالُوا يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ مَا إِخْلَاصُ الشَّهَادَةِ لِلَّهِ قَالَ ع طَاعَةُ اللَّهِ وَ طَاعَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ وَلَايَةُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ ع.
They said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! And what is the sincere testimony?’ He-asws said: ‘Obedience to Allah-azwj and obedience to Rasool-Allah-saww, and Wilayah of People-asws of his-saww Household’’.[1]
2- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام أَبُو وَاسِعٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ جَدَّتِي خَدِيجَةَ بِنْتَ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ پسنده قَالَتْ لَمَّا دَخَلَ الرِّضَا ع نَيْسَابُورَ نَزَلَ مَحَلَّةَ الْغَرْبِيِّ نَاحِيَةً تُعْرَفُ بلاش آباد فِي دَارِ جَدَّتِي پسنده وَ إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ پسنده لِأَنَّ الرِّضَا ع ارْتَضَاهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ النَّاسِ وَ پسنده هِيَ كَلِمَةٌ فَارِسِيَّةٌ مَعْنَاهَا مَرْضِيٌّ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Abu Wasie Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Is’haq Al Neshapoury who said, ‘I heard my grandmother Khadeeja Bint Hamdan Bin Pasanda who said,
‘When Al-Reza-asws entered Neshapour, he-asws descended in a western neighbourhood in an area known as Balashabad, in the house of my grandmother (daughter of Hamdan) Pasanda, and rather he had been named as ‘Pasanda’ because Al-Reza-asws had selected him from between the people, and ‘Pasanda’, it is a Persian word. Its meaning is ‘Pleasing’.
فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ ع دَارَنَا زَرَعَ لَوْزَةً فِي جَانِبٍ مِنْ جَوَانِبِ الدَّارِ فَنَبَتَتْ وَ صَارَتْ شَجَرَةً وَ أَثْمَرَتْ فِي سَنَةٍ فَعَلِمَ النَّاسُ بِذَلِكَ فَكَانُوا يَسْتَشْفُونَ بِلَوْزِ تِلْكَ الشَّجَرَةِ فَمَنْ أَصَابَتْهُ عِلَّةٌ تَبَرَّكَ بِالتَّنَاوُلِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ اللَّوْزِ مُسْتَشْفِياً بِهِ فَعُوفِيَ
When he-asws descended in our house, he-asws planted an almond in a side from the sides of the house. It grew and became a tree and fruited in a year. The people came to know of that. They were seeking healing with the almonds of that tree. So the one who was afflicted with an illness, would be seeking Blessings by taking from that almond, to be healed by it, and he would be cured.
وَ مَنْ أَصَابَهُ رَمَدٌ جَعَلَ ذَلِكَ اللَّوْزَ عَلَى عَيْنِهِ فَعُوفِيَ وَ كَانَتِ الْحَامِلُ إِذَا عَسُرَ عَلَيْهَا وِلَادَتُهَا تَنَاوَلَتْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ اللَّوْزِ فَتَخِفُّ عَلَيْهَا الْوِلَادَةُ وَ تَضَعُ مِنْ سَاعَتِهَا وَ كَانَ إِذَا أَخَذَ دَابَّةً مِنَ الدَّوَابِّ الْقُولَنْجُ أُخِذَ مِنْ قُضْبَانِ تِلْكَ الشَّجَرَةِ فَأُمِرَّ عَلَى بَطْنِهَا فَتَعَافَى وَ يَذْهَبُ عَنْهَا رِيحُ الْقُولَنْجِ بِبَرَكَةِ الرِّضَا ع
And the one was afflicted by sore eyes, would make than almond to be upon his eyes, and he would be cured. And the pregnant woman, when her giving birth became difficult upon her, she would take from that almond, so the birth would be light upon her, and she would give birth from her time. And it was so that whenever an animal from the animals was seized by colic, a branch would be taken from that tree and passed upon its belly, and the wind of the colic would go away from it by the Blessings of Al-Reza-asws.
فَمَضَتِ الْأَيَّامُ عَلَى تِلْكَ الشَّجَرَةِ وَ يَبِسَتْ فَجَاءَ جَدِّي حَمْدَانُ وَ قَطَعَ أَغْصَانَهَا فَعَمِيَ وَ جَاءَ ابْنٌ لِحَمْدَانَ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَبُو عَمْرٍو فَقَطَعَ تِلْكَ الشَّجَرَةَ مِنْ وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ فَذَهَبَ مَالُهُ كُلُّهُ بِبَابِ فَارِسٍ وَ كَانَ مَبْلَغُهُ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ إِلَى ثَمَانِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ لَهُ شَيْءٌ
The days passed upon that tree, and it dried up. So my grandfather Hamdan came and cut its branches off, and he became blind. And a son of Hamdan called Abu Amro came and cut off that tree from the surface of the earth. His wealth was gone, all of it, at the door of a horse. And its extend was seventy thousand Dirhams up to eighty thousand Dirhams, and there did not remain anything for him.
وَ كَانَ لِأَبِي عَمْرٍو هَذَا ابْنَانِ كَاتِبَانِ وَ كَانَا يَكْتُبَانِ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ سمجور يُقَالُ لِأَحَدِهِمَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ وَ لِلْآخَرِ أَبُو صَادِقٍ فَأَرَادَا عِمَارَةَ تِلْكَ الدَّارِ وَ أَنْفَقَا عَلَيْهَا عِشْرِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَ قَلَعَا الْبَاقِيَ مِنْ أَصْلِ تِلْكَ الشَّجَرَةِ وَ هُمَا لَا يَعْلَمَانِ مَا يَتَوَلَّدُ عَلَيْهِمَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ
And for this Amro, there were two sons, both scribed, and they were writing for Abu Al-Hassan Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Samjour. One of them was called Abu A Qasim, and the other, Abu Sadiq. They wanted to repair that house, and they spent twenty thousand Dirhams upon it, and they uprooted the roots of that tree, and they were knowing what would be arising upon them from (having done) that.
فَوَلَّى أَحَدُهُمَا ضَيَاعاً لِأَمِيرِ خُرَاسَانَ فَرُدَّ إِلَى نَيْسَابُورَ فِي مَحْمِلٍ قَدِ اسْوَدَّتْ رِجْلُهُ الْيُمْنَى فَشُرِحَتْ رِجْلُهُ فَمَاتَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْعِلَّةِ بَعْدَ شَهْرٍ
One of them was in charge of an estate of the governor of Khurasan. He returned to Neshapour in a carriage. His right leg had turned black. His leg was cut, and he died from that illness after a month.
وَ أَمَّا الْآخَرُ وَ هُوَ الْأَكْبَرُ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ فِي دِيوَانِ السُّلْطَانِ بِنَيْسَابُورَ يَكْتُبُ كِتَاباً وَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْكُتَّابِ وُقُوفٌ فَقَالَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ دَفَعَ اللَّهُ عَيْنَ السَّوْءِ عَنْ كَاتِبِ هَذَا الْخَطِّ فَارْتَعَشَتْ يَدُهُ مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ وَ سَقَطَ الْقَلَمُ مِنْ يَدِهِ وَ خَرَجَتْ بِيَدِهِ بَثْرَةٌ وَ رَجَعَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ
As for the other one, and he was the elder, he was in a register of the sultan of Neshapour, writing letters, and there was group of scribed upon his head, standing by (supervisors). One of them said, ‘May Allah-azwj Repel the evil eye away from the writer of this handwriting!’ His hand shivered from its time, and the pen fell from his hand, and blisters came out in his hand, and he returned to his house.
فَدَخَلَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْكَاتِبُ مَعَ جَمَاعَةٍ فَقَالُوا لَهُ هَذَا الَّذِي أَصَابَكَ مِنَ الْحَرَارَةِ فَيَجِبُ أَنْ تَفْتَصِدَ فَافْتَصَدَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ فَعَادُوا إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْغَدِ وَ قَالُوا لَهُ يَجِبُ أَنْ تَفْتَصِدَ الْيَوْمَ أَيْضاً فَفَعَلَ فَاسْوَدَّتْ يَدُهُ فَشُرِحَتْ وَ مَاتَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ كَانَ مَوْتُهُمَا جَمِيعاً فِي أَقَلَّ مِنْ سَنَةٍ.
Abu Al-Abbas the scribe entered to see him along with a group. They said to him, ‘This which afflicted you, is from the heat, so it obligates that get cupping done. He go cupping done that day. They returned to him the next morning and said to him, ‘I obliges that you get cupping done today as well’. He did so. His hand turned black, and it was cut, and he died from that. And both their death were in less than a year’’.[2]
3- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الْمُذَكِّرِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْخَزْرَجِيِّ عَنِ الْهَرَوِيِّ قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع حِينَ رَحَلَ مِنْ نَيْسَابُورَ وَ هُوَ رَاكِبٌ بَغْلَةً شَهْبَاءَ فَإِذَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ وَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ وَ يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى وَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ رَاهَوَيْهِ وَ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ قَدْ تَعَلَّقُوا بِلِجَامِ بَغْلَتِهِ بِالْمُرَبَّعَةِ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Muhammad Bin Al Fazl Bin Muhammad Bin Is’haq, the mentioned, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Al Khazrajy, from Al Harwy who said,
‘I was with Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws when he-asws departed from Neshapour, and he-asws was riding a grey mule. Then Muhammad Bin Rafie, and Ahmad Bin Al-Haris, and Yahya Bin Yahya, and Is’haq Bin Rahwiya, and a number of the people of knowledge hung on with a rein of his-asws mule at the crossroads.
فَقَالُوا بِحَقِّ آبَائِكَ الطَّاهِرِينَ حَدِّثْنَا بِحَدِيثٍ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ أَبِيكَ
They said, ‘By the right of your-asws pure forefathers-asws! Narrate to us with a Hadeeth you-asws have heard from your-asws father-asws’.
فَأَخْرَجَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الْعَمَّارِيَّةِ وَ عَلَيْهِ مِطْرَفُ خَزٍّ ذُو وَجْهَيْنِ: وَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِيَ الْعَبْدُ الصَّالِحُ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِيَ الصَّادِقُ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ بَاقِرُ عِلْمِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ
He-asws brought out his-asws head from the carriage, and upon him-asws was a woollen cloak with two facets and said: ‘My-asws father-asws Al-Abd Al-Salih Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws narrated to me-asws. He-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws father-asws Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws He said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws father-asws Abu Ja’far-asws Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws expounder of knowledge of the Prophets-as.
قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ سَيِّدُ الْعَابِدِينَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي سَيِّدُ شَبَابِ الْجَنَّةِ الْحُسَيْنُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
He-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws father Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws chief of the worshippers. He-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws father-asws chief of the youths of Paradise, Al-Husayn-asws. He-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws.
قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ص يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع يَقُولُ قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ إِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاعْبُدُونِي مَنْ جَاءَ مِنْكُمْ بِشَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ بِالْإِخْلَاصِ دَخَلَ فِي حِصْنِي وَ مَنْ دَخَلَ حِصْنِي أَمِنَ مِنْ عَذَابِي.
He-asws said: ‘I-asws heard the Prophet-saww saying: ‘I-saww heard Jibraeel-as saying: ‘Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Said: “Me-azwj, I-azwj am Allah-azwj! There is no god except I-azwj, so worship Me-azwj! One from you who comes with the testimony that there is no god except Allah-azwj, with the sincerity, would enter into My-azwj fortress. And one who enters into My-azwj fortress, would be safe from My-azwj Punishment!”’[3]
4- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ رَاهَوَيْهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا وَافَى أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع نَيْسَابُورَ وَ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَرْحَلَ مِنْهَا إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ اجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ أَصْحَابُ الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالُوا لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ تَرْحَلُ عَنَّا وَ لَا تُحَدِّثُنَا بِحَدِيثٍ فَنَسْتَفِيدَهُ مِنْكَ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Ali, from his father, from Yusuf Bin Aqeel, from Is’haq Bin Rahwiya who said,
‘When Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws arrived at Neshapour and wanted to depart from it to Al-Mamoun, the narrators of Hadeeth gathered to him-asws. They said to him, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! You-asws are departing from us and you-asws are not narrating to us with any Hadeeth, so we can benefit by it from you-asws!’
وَ قَدْ كَانَ قَعَدَ فِي الْعَمَّارِيَّةِ فَأَطْلَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع يَقُولُ
And he-asws had been sitting in the carriage, so he-asws emerged his-asws head and said: ‘I-asws heard my-asws father Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws saying: ‘I-asws heard my-asws father Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws saying: ‘I-asws heard my-asws father Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws saying: ‘I-asws heard my-asws father Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws saying: ‘I-asws heard my-asws father Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws saying: ‘I-asws heard my-asws father Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws saying:
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ يَقُولُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ حِصْنِي فَمَنْ دَخَلَ حِصْنِي أَمِنَ مِنْ عَذَابِي
‘I-asws heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘I-saww heard Jibraeel-as saying: ‘I-as heard Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty Saying: “(The phrase) ‘There is no god except Allah-azwj’ is My-azwj Fort. So the one who enters My-azwj fort would be safe from My-azwj Punishment!”
فَلَمَّا مَرَّتِ الرَّاحِلَةُ نَادَانَا بِشُرُوطِهَا وَ أَنَا مِنْ شُرُوطِهَا.
When the passed on, he-asws called out to us: ‘With its conditions! And I-asws am from its conditions!’’[4]
5- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام يُقَالُ إِنَّ الرِّضَا ع لَمَّا دَخَلَ نَيْسَابُورَ نَزَلَ فِي مَحَلَّةٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ الفرويني فِيهَا حَمَّامٌ وَ هُوَ الْحَمَّامُ الْمَعْرُوفُ الْيَوْمَ بِحَمَّامِ الرِّضَا وَ كَانَتْ هُنَاكَ عَيْنٌ قَدْ قَلَّ مَاؤُهَا
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ –
‘It is said that when Al-Reza-asws entered Neshapour, he-asws descended in a neighbourhood called Al-Farweyni, wherein was a bathhouse, and it was the bathhouse famous today as ‘Bathhouse of Al-Reza-asws’, and over there was spring whose water had reduced.
فَأَقَامَ عَلَيْهَا مَنْ أَخْرَجَ مَاءَهَا حَتَّى تَوَفَّرَ وَ كَثُرَ وَ اتَّخَذَ خَارِجَ الدَّرْبِ حَوْضاً يُنْزَلُ إِلَيْهِ بِالْمَرَاقِي إِلَى هَذِهِ الْعَيْنِ فَدَخَلَهُ الرِّضَا ع وَ اغْتَسَلَ فِيهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنْهُ فَصَلَّى عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ
He-asws got someone to stand upon it who extracted its water until it burst out and was a lot, and he-asws took the outside path as a fountain, descending to him at the tent to this spring. Al-Reza-asws entered it and washed in it, then he-asws came out from it and prayed Salat at its back.
وَ النَّاسُ يَنْتَابُونَ ذَلِكَ الْحَوْضَ وَ يَغْتَسِلُونَ فِيهِ وَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْهُ الْتِمَاساً لِلْبَرَكَةِ وَ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ وَ يَدْعُونَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي حَوَائِجِهِمْ فَتُقْضَى لَهُمْ وَ هِيَ الْعَيْنُ الْمَعْرُوفَةُ بِعَيْنِ كهلان يَقْصِدُهَا النَّاسُ إِلَى يَوْمِنَا هَذَا.
And the people were coming to that fountain and washing in it, and they were drinking from it seeking the Blessings, and praying at its back and supplicating to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic regarding their needs, and it would be fulfilled for them. And it is the spring is famous as ‘Kahan spring’. The people are aiming for it up to this day of ours’’.[5]
6- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الثَّعَالِبِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمَعْرُوفِ بِالصَّفْوَانِيِّ قَالَ: خَرَجَتْ قَافِلَةٌ مِنْ خُرَاسَانَ إِلَى كِرْمَانَ فَقَطَعَ اللُّصُوصُ عَلَيْهِمُ الطَّرِيقَ وَ أَخَذُوا مِنْهُمْ رَجُلًا اتَّهَمُوهُ بِكَثْرَةِ الْمَالِ فَبَقِيَ فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ مُدَّةً يُعَذِّبُونَهُ لِيَفْتَدِيَ مِنْهُمْ نَفْسَهُ وَ أَقَامُوهُ فِي الثَّلْجِ فَشَدُّوهُ وَ مَلَئُوا فَاهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الثَّلْجِ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Ahmad Bin Ali Bin Al-Husayn Al Sa’alby, from Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman well-known as Al Safwany who said,
‘A caravan went out from Khurasan to Kirman, and the thieves (bandits) cut the road upon them, and they seized a man from them whom they accused of having a lot of wealth. He remained in their hands for a period. They were tormenting him so he would ransom himself from them by himself, and they stood him in the snow. They bound him and filled his mouth from that snow.
فَرَحِمَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ فَأَطْلَقَتْهُ وَ هَرَبَ فَانْفَسَدَ فَمُهُ وَ لِسَانُهُ حَتَّى لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى الْكَلَامِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ إِلَى خُرَاسَانَ وَ سَمِعَ بِخَبَرِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع وَ أَنَّهُ بِنَيْسَابُورَ
A woman from their women pitied him and she freed him, and he fled, but his mouth and his tongue had been spoilt to the extent that he was not able upon the talking. Then he left to go to Khurasan, and he heard the news of Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws that he-asws was at Neshapour.
فَرَأَى فِيمَا رَأَى النَّائِمُ كَأَنَّ قَائِلًا يَقُولُ لَهُ إِنَّ ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ وَرَدَ خُرَاسَانَ فَسَلْهُ عَنْ عِلَّتِكَ فَرُبَّمَا يُعَلِّمُكَ دَوَاءً مَا تَنْتَفِعُ بِهِ
He saw in what the sleeping one tends to see, as if a speaker was saying to him, ‘The son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww had arrived at Khurasan, so ask him-asws about your illness. Maybe he-asws will teach you a cure what you can benefit with it’.
قَالَ فَرَأَيْتُ كَأَنِّي قَدْ قَصَدْتُهُ ع وَ شَكَوْتُ إِلَيْهِ مَا كُنْتُ دُفِعْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَ أَخْبَرْتُهُ بِعِلَّتِي فَقَالَ خُذِ الْكَمُّونَ وَ السَّعْتَرَ وَ الْمِلْحَ وَ دُقَّهُ وَ خُذْ مِنْهُ فِي فَمِكَ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثاً فَإِنَّكَ تُعَافَى
He said, ‘I saw as if I had gone to him-asws and complained to him-asws of what I had been pushed into, and I informed him-asws of my illness. He-asws said: ‘Take the cumin, and the thyme, and the salt, and powder it, and take from it to be in your mouth twice or thrice, and you shall be cured’’.
فَانْتَبَهَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ مَنَامِهِ وَ لَمْ يُفَكِّرْ فِيمَا كَانَ رَأَى فِي مَنَامِهِ وَ لَا اعْتَدَّ بِهِ حَتَّى وَرَدَ بَابَ نَيْسَابُورَ فَقِيلَ إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع قَدِ ارْتَحَلَ مِنْ نَيْسَابُورَ وَ هُوَ بِرِبَاطِ سَعْدٍ
The man woke up from his dream and did not think (pay attention to) what he had seen in his dream, nor did he prepare with it until he arrived at the gate of Neshapour. It was said, ‘Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws had departed from Neshapour, and he-asws is a Ribat Sa’ad’.
It occurred in the self of the man that he should go to him-asws and described his matter to him-asws, so he-asws can prescribe to him from the medication what he could benefit with. He-asws aimed for him-asws to go to Ribat Sa’ad. He entered to see him-asws. He said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Such and such has happened from my matter and my mouth, and my tongue have been spoilt upon me until I am not able upon the talking except by (strenuous) effort. So teach me cure I can benefit with’.
فَقَالَ ع أَ لَمْ أُعَلِّمْكَ اذْهَبْ فَاسْتَعْمِلْ مَا وَصَفْتُهُ لَكَ فِي مَنَامِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تُعِيدَهُ عَلَيَّ
He-asws said: ‘Did I-asws not teach you? Go and utilise what I-asws had described to you in your dream!’ The man said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! If you-asws could see fit to repeat it to me’.
فَقَالَ ع لِي خُذْ مِنَ الْكَمُّونِ وَ السَّعْتَرِ وَ الْمِلْحِ فَدُقَّهُ وَ خُذْ مِنْهُ فِي فَمِكَ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثاً فَإِنَّكَ سَتُعَافَى قَالَ الرَّجُلُ فَاسْتَعْمَلْتُ مَا وَصَفَهُ لِي فَعُوفِيتُ.
He-asws said to me: ‘Take from the cumin and the thyme, and the salt. Powder it and take from it to be in your mouth twice or thrice, you shall be cured’. The man said, ‘I utilised what he-asws had described to me, and I was cured’’.[6]
باب 12 خروجه ع من نيسابور إلى طوس و منها إلى مرو
CHAPTER 12 – HIS-asws EXIT FROM NESHAPOUR TO GO TO TOOS, AND FROM IT TO MERV
1- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام تَمِيمٌ الْقُرَشِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنِ الْهَرَوِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا خَرَجَ الرِّضَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى ع مِنْ نَيْسَابُورَ إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَبَلَغَ قُرْبَ الْقَرْيَةِ الْحَمْرَاءِ قِيلَ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَدْ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ أَ فَلَا تُصَلِّي
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Tameem Al Qureyshi, from his father, from Ahmad Al Ansari, from Al Harwy who said,
‘When Al-Reza Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws went out from Neshapour to Al-Mamoun, he-asws reached nearby a red town. It was said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! The sun is declining, will you-asws not pray Salat?’
فَنَزَلَ ع فَقَالَ ائْتُونِي بِمَاءٍ فَقِيلَ مَا مَعَنَا مَاءٌ فَبَحَثَ ع بِيَدِهِ الْأَرْضَ فَنَبَعَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ مَا تَوَضَّأَ بِهِ هُوَ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ وَ أَثَرُهُ بَاقٍ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ
He-asws descended and said: ‘Bring me-asws water!’ It was said, ‘There is no water with us’. He-asws probed the ground with his-asws hand, and water sprung out what he-asws could perform wud’u with it, him-asws and the ones with him-asws, and its traces remain until today.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ سَنَابَادَ أسند [اسْتَنَدَ] إِلَى الْجَبَلِ الَّذِي يُنْحَتُ مِنْهُ الْقُدُورُ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ انْفَعْ بِهِ وَ بَارِكْ فِيمَا يُجْعَلُ فِيمَا يُنْحَتُ مِنْهُ
When he-asws entered Sanabad, he-asws went to the mountain the pots were being carved from it. He-asws said: ‘O Allah-azwj! I-asws want to benefit from it and to be Blessed in what is made among what is carved from it!’
ثُمَّ أَمَرَ ع فَنُحِتَ لَهُ قُدُورٌ مِنَ الْجَبَلِ وَ قَالَ لَا يُطْبَخُ مَا آكُلُهُ إِلَّا فِيهَا وَ كَانَ ع خَفِيفَ الْأَكْلِ قَلِيلَ الطَّعْمِ فَاهْتَدَى النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ ظَهَرَتْ بَرَكَةُ دُعَائِهِ ع فِيهِ
Then he-asws instructed and pots were carved out for him-asws from the mountain, and he-asws said: ‘What I-asws am to eat should not be cooked except in these!’ And he-asws was a light eater of little food. The people were guided to him-asws from that day, and the Blessings of his-asws supplication was manifested in it.
ثُمَّ دَخَلَ دَارَ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ قَحْطَبَةَ الطَّائِيِّ وَ دَخَلَ الْقُبَّةَ الَّتِي فِيهَا قَبْرُ هَارُونَ الرَّشِيدِ ثُمَّ خَطَّ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذِهِ تُرْبَتِي وَ فِيهَا أُدْفَنُ وَ سَيَجْعَلُ اللَّهُ هَذَا الْمَكَانَ مُخْتَلَفَ شِيعَتِي وَ أَهْلِ مَحَبَّتِي وَ اللَّهِ مَا يَزُورُنِي مِنْهُمْ زَائِرٌ وَ لَا يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيَّ مِنْهُمْ مُسَلِّمٌ إِلَّا وَجَبَ لَهُ غُفْرَانُ اللَّهِ وَ رَحْمَتُهُ بِشَفَاعَتِنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ
Then he-asws entered the house of Humeyd Bin Qahtaba Al-Taie, and he-asws entered the dome in which was the grave of Haroun Al-Rasheed. Then he-asws drew a line by his-asws hand to its side, then said: ‘This is my-asws soil, and I-asws shall be buried in it, and Allah-azwj will be Making this place and the coming and going of my-asws Shias and the people who love me-asws. By Allah-azwj! No visitor from the would visit me-asws, nor a saluting one from them would be saluting (greeting) unto me-asws, except the Forgiveness of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Mercy would be Obligated for him due to our-asws intercession, People-asws of the Household’’.
ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ وَ صَلَّى رَكَعَاتٍ وَ دَعَا بِدَعَوَاتٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ سَجَدَ سَجْدَةً طَالَ مَكْثُهُ فَأَحْصَيْتُ لَهُ فِيهَا خَمْسَمِائَةَ تَسْبِيحَةٍ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ.
Then he-asws faced the Qiblah and prayed two Cycles Salat and supplicated with supplications. When he-asws was free, he-asws performed a Sajdah, its duration was prolonged. I counted for him-asws during it, five hundred glorifications (Tasbeeh). Then he-asws left’’. [7]
2- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام أَبُو نَصْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ الضَّبِّيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ جَدَّتِي يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ لَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى الرِّضَا بِنَيْسَابُورَ أَيَّامَ الْمَأْمُونِ قُمْتُ فِي حَوَائِجِهِ وَ التَّصَرُّفِ فِي أَمْرِهِ مَا دَامَ بِهَا فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ إِلَى مَرْوَ شَيَّعْتُهُ إِلَى سَرَخْسَ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ مِنْ سَرَخْسَ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أُشَيِّعَهُ إِلَى مَرْوَ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Abu Nasr Ahmad Bin Al-Husayn Bin Ahmad Bin Ubeyd Al Zaby, from his father who said, ‘I heard my grandmother saying, ‘I heard my father saying,
‘When Ali-asws Bin Al-Musa Al-Reza-asws arrived at Neshapour during the days of Al-Mamoun, I stood regarding his-asws needs in the dealing with his-asws affairs for as long as he-asws was at it. When he-asws went out to Merv, I escorted him to Sarkhas. When he-asws went out from Saekhas, I returned to escort him to Merv.
فَلَمَّا سَارَ مَرْحَلَةً أَخْرَجَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الْعَمَّارِيَّةِ وَ قَالَ لِي يَا بَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ انْصَرِفْ رَاشِداً فَقَدْ قُمْتَ بِالْوَاجِبِ وَ لَيْسَ لِلتَّشْيِيعِ غَايَةٌ
When he-asws travelled another junction, he-asws brought out his-asws head from the carriage and said to me: ‘O Abu Abullah-asws! Leave goodly, for you have stood with the obligator and there is no peak for the escorting’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ بِحَقِّ الْمُصْطَفَى وَ الْمُرْتَضَى وَ الزَّهْرَاءِ لَمَّا حَدَّثْتَنِي بِحَدِيثٍ تَشْفِينِي بِهِ حَتَّى أَرْجِعَ فَقَالَ تَسْأَلُنِي الْحَدِيثَ وَ قَدْ أُخْرِجْتُ مِنْ جِوَارِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَا أَدْرِي إِلَى مَا يَصِيرُ أَمْرِي
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘By the right of Al-Mustafa-saww and Al-Murtaza-asws and (Syeda) Al-Zahra! Please narrated to me a Hadeeth I can be healed by it until I return’. He-asws said: ‘You are asking me for the Hadeeth, and I-asws have been taken out from the vicinity of Rasool-Allah-saww. I-asws don’t know what my matters would come to’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ بِحَقِّ الْمُصْطَفَى وَ الْمُرْتَضَى وَ الزَّهْرَاءِ لَمَّا حَدَّثْتَنِي بِحَدِيثٍ تَشْفِينِي بِهِ حَتَّى أَرْجِعَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘By the right of Al-Mustafa-saww, and Al-Murtaza-asws and (Syeda) Al-Zahra-asws! Please narrated to me with a Hadeeth you-asws can heal me by it until I return!’
فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَاهُ يَذْكُرُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَاهُ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع يَذْكُرُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ص يَقُولُ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ اسْمِي مَنْ قَالَهُ مُخْلِصاً مِنْ قَلْبِهِ دَخَلَ حِصْنِي وَ مَنْ دَخَلَ حِصْنِي أَمِنَ عَذَابِي.
He-asws said: ‘My-asws father-asws narrated to me-asws from my-asws grandfather-asws. He-asws had heard his-asws father-asws mentioning that he-asws had heard it from his-asws father-asws saying: ‘I-asws heard Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws mentioning that he-asws heard the Prophet-saww saying: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “(The phrase) ‘There is no god except Allah-azwj’ is My-asws Name. One who says it sincerely from his heart, would enter My-azwj fort, and one who enters My-azwj fort would be safe from My-azwj Punishment’’.[8]
3- كشف، كشف الغمة نَقَلْتُ مِنْ كِتَابٍ لَمْ يَحْضُرْنِي الْآنَ اسْمُهُ مَا صُورَتُهُ حَدَّثَ الْمَوْلَى السَّعِيدُ إِمَامُ الدُّنْيَا عِمَادُ الدِّينِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ الْوَزَّانُ فِي مُحَرَّمٍ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَ تِسْعِينَ وَ خَمْسِمِائَةٍ قَالَ: أَوْرَدَ صَاحِبُ كِتَابِ تَارِيخِ نَيْسَابُورَ فِي كِتَابِهِ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع لَمَّا دَخَلَ إِلَى نَيْسَابُورَ فِي السَّفَرَةِ الَّتِي فَازَ فِيهَا بِفَضِيلَةِ الشَّهَادَةِ كَانَ فِي مَهْدٍ عَلَى بَغْلَةٍ شَهْبَاءَ عَلَيْهَا مَرْكَبٌ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ خَالِصَةٍ
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’, copied from a book its name I cannot remember now, what is content is that it is narrated by the master, Al Saeed, imam of the world, pillar of religion, Muhammad Bin Abu Saeed Bin Abdul Kareem al Wazzan, in Muharram of the year five hundred and ninety-six. He said,
‘The author of the book ‘Tareekh Neshapour has referred in his book that when Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws entered Neshapour during the journey in which succeeded in it with the merit of the testimony, he-asws was in a cradle (carriage) upon a grey mule. Upon it was a mount of pure silver.
فَعَرَضَ لَهُ فِي السُّوقِ الْإِمَامَانِ الْحَافِظَانِ لِلْأَحَادِيثِ النَّبَوِيَّةِ أَبُو زُرْعَةَ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ الطُّوسِيُّ رَحِمَهُمَا اللَّهُ فَقَالا أَيُّهَا السَّيِّدُ ابْنَ السَّادَةِ أَيُّهَا الْإِمَامُ وَ ابْنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ أَيُّهَا السُّلَالَةُ الطَّاهِرَةُ الرَّضِيَّةُ أَيُّهَا الْخُلَاصَةُ الزَّاكِيَةُ النَّبَوِيَّةُ بِحَقِّ آبَائِكَ الْأَطْهَرِينَ وَ أَسْلَافِكَ الْأَكْرَمِينَ إِلَّا أَرَيْتَنَا وَجْهَكَ الْمُبَارَكَ الْمَيْمُونَ وَ رَوَيْتَ لَنَا حَدِيثاً عَنْ آبَائِكَ عَنْ جَدِّكَ نَذْكُرُكَ بِهِ
There presented to him-asws in the market, two imams, memorisers of the Prophetic Ahadeeth, Abu Zur’a and Muhammad Bin Aslam Al-Tusy, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on them both. They said, ‘O you Seyyid son of the Seyyids! The Imam-asws and son-asws of the Imams-asws! O you-asws of the clean ancestry, pleasing! O you-asws the pure of the pure soe of the Prophet-hood! By the right of your-asws pure forefathers-asws, and the honourable ancestor! Please show us your-asws Blessed, auspicious face, and report to us a Hadeeth from your-asws forefathers-asws, from your-asws grandfather-saww we can remember you-asws by it!’
فَاسْتَوْقَفَ الْبَغْلَةَ وَ رَفَعَ الْمِظَلَّةَ وَ أَقَرَّ عُيُونَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِطَلْعَتِهِ الْمُبَارَكَةِ الْمَيْمُونَةِ فَكَانَتْ ذُؤَابَتَاهُ كَذُوَابَتَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ النَّاسُ عَلَى طَبَقَاتِهِمْ قِيَامٌ كُلُّهُمْ وَ كَانُوا بَيْنَ صَارِخٍ وَ بَاكٍ وَ مُمَزِّقٍ ثَوْبَهُ وَ مُتَمَرِّغٍ فِي التُّرَابِ وَ مُقْبِلٍ حِزَامَ بَغْلَتِهِ وَ مُطَوِّلٍ عُنُقَهُ إِلَى مِظَلَّةِ الْمَهْدِ إِلَى أَنِ انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ
He-asws stopped the mule and raised the curtain and delighted the eyes of the Muslims by his-asws Blessed auspicious emergence. His-asws two hair locks were like the two hair locks of Rasool-Allah-saww, and the people were upon their layers (ranks) standing, all of them, and they were between the shouter, and the crier, and tearer of his clothes, and the wallowing in the dust, and facing the strap of his-asws mule and turned its neck to the curtain of the cradle (carriage), until the middle of the day.
وَ جَرَتِ الدُّمُوعُ كَالْأَنْهَارِ وَ سَكَنَتِ الْأَصْوَاتُ وَ صَاحَتِ الْأَئِمَّةُ وَ الْقُضَاةُ مَعَاشِرَ النَّاسِ اسْمَعُوا وَ عُوا وَ لَا تُؤْذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي عِتْرَتِهِ وَ أَنْصِتُوا
And the tears flowed like the rivers, and the voices were silent, and the leaders and the judges shouted, ‘Community of people! Listen and retain, and do not hurt Rasool-Allah-saww regarding his-saww family and listen intently!’
فَأَمْلَى صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ وَ عُدَّ مِنَ الْمَحَابِرِ أَرْبَعٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ أَلْفاً سِوَى الدُّوِيِّ وَ الْمُسْتَمْلِي أَبُو زُرْعَةَ الرَّازِيُّ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ الطُّوسِيُّ رَحِمَهُمَا اللَّهُ
He-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, dictated this Hadeeth, and the count of the pens was of twenty-four thousand, besides the pens and the office bearers of Abu Zur’a Al-Razy and Muhammad Bin Aslam Al-Tusi, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on them.
فَقَالَ ع حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْكَاظِمُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْبَاقِرُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ زَيْنُ الْعَابِدِينَ
He-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws father Musa-asws Bin Ja’far Al-Kazim-asws. He-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me by my-asws father Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Sadiq-asws. He-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws father Muhammad-asws Bin Ali Al-Baqir-asws. He-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws father Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Zayn Al-Abideen-asws.
قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ شَهِيدُ أَرْضِ كَرْبَلَاءَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ شَهِيدُ أَرْضِ الْكُوفَةِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَخِي وَ ابْنُ عَمِّي مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص
He-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws father Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, the martyr at the land of Karbala. He-asws said: ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws father-asws Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, martyr at the land of Al-Kufa. He-asws said; ‘It is narrated to me-asws by my-asws brother-saww and son-saww of my-asws uncle-as Muhammad-saww Rasool-Allah-saww.
قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَبَّ الْعِزَّةِ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ كَلِمَةُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ حِصْنِي فَمَنْ قَالَهَا دَخَلَ حِصْنِي وَ مَنْ دَخَلَ حِصْنِي أَمِنَ مِنْ عَذَابِي
He-saww said: ‘It is narrated to me-saww by Jibraeel-as. He-as said: ‘I-as heard the Lord-azwj of Might, the Glorious and Exalted Saying: “The phrase ‘There is no god except Allah-azwj’ is My-azwj fort. The one who says it enters My-azwj fort, and the one who enters My-azwj fort would be safe from My-azwj Punishment!”
صَدَقَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ صَدَقَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع وَ صَدَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ ع
Allah-azwj the Glorious Spoke the truth, and Jibraeel-as spoke the truth, and Rasool-Allah-saww and the Imams-asws spoke the truth’.
قَالَ الْأُسْتَاذُ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْقُشَيْرِيُّ إِنَّ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ بِهَذَا السَّنَدِ بَلَغَ بَعْضَ أُمَرَاءِ السَّامَانِيَّةِ فَكَتَبَهُ بِالذَّهَبِ وَ أَوْصَى أَنْ يُدْفَنَ مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا مَاتَ رُئِيَ فِي الْمَنَامِ فَقِيلَ مَا فَعَلَ اللَّهُ بِكَ
The teacher Abu Al-Qasim Al-Qashari said, ‘This Hadeeth, by this chain, reached one of the governors of Al-Samaniya. He wrote it in gold and bequeathed that it be buried with him. When he died, he was seen in the dream. It was said, ‘What did Allah-azwj Do with you?’
فَقَالَ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لِي بِتَلَفُّظِي بِلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ تَصْدِيقِي مُحَمَّداً رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مُخْلِصاً وَ إِنِّي كَتَبْتُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ بِالذَّهَبِ تَعْظِيماً وَ احْتِرَاماً.
He said, ‘Allah-azwj Forgave me-asws due to my pronouncing ‘There is no god except Allah-azwj, and Muhammad-saww Rasool-Allah-saww donated sincerity to me, and I had written this Hadeeth in gold as reverence and respect’’.[9]
باب 13 ولاية العهد و العلة في قبوله ع لها و عدم رضاه ع بها و سائر ما يتعلق بذلك
CHAPTER 13 – BEING THE HEIR-APPARENT, AND THE REASON OF HIS-asws ACCEPTANCE OF IT, AND HIS-asws DISSATISFACTION WITH IT, AND REST OF WHAT IS RELATED WITH THAT
1- كشف، كشف الغمة فِي أَوَّلِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَ مِائَتَيْنِ كَانَتِ الْبَيْعَةُ لِلرِّضَا صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Kashf Al-Ghumma’ –
‘During the beginning of the month of Ramazan in the year two hundred and one occurred the allegiance for Al-Reza-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws’’.[10]
2- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْقُلْزُمِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ الْجَدِّيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ الْعَلَوِيِ أَنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ لَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَعْمِلَ الرِّضَا ع جَمَعَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْتَعْمِلَ الرِّضَا ع عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْ بَعْدِي فَحَسَدَهُ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَ قَالُوا أَ تُوَلِّي رَجُلًا جَاهِلًا لَيْسَ لَهُ بَصَرٌ بِتَدْبِيرِ الْخِلَافَةِ فَابْعَثْ إِلَيْهِ يَأْتِنَا فَتَرَى مِنْ جَهْلِهِ مَا نَسْتَدِلُّ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ
The book ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Muhammad Bin Ziyad Al Qulzumy, from Muhammad Bin Abu Ziyad Al Jaddy, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah al Alawy, from Al Qasim Bin Ayoub Al Alawy,
‘When Al-Mamoun wanted to utilise Al-Reza-asws (to grow his influence), he gathered the clan of Hashim-as. He said, ‘I want to utilise Al-Reza-asws upon this command (caliphate) from after me’. The clan of Hashim envied him-asws and said, ‘Are you going to place in charge an ignorant man who hasn’t any insight for him-asws with the management of the caliphate? Send someone to him-asws to come to us, and you will see from his-asws ignorance what we are pointing with upon him-asws’.
فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ اصْعَدِ الْمِنْبَرَ وَ انْصِبْ لَنَا عَلَماً نَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ
He sent for him-asws. The clan of Hashim-as said to him-asws, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! Ascend the pulpit and nominate a flag for us we can worship Allah-azwj upon it’.
فَصَعِدَ ع الْمِنْبَرَ فَقَعَدَ مَلِيّاً لَا يَتَكَلَّمُ مُطْرِقاً ثُمَّ انْتَفَضَ انْتِفَاضَةً وَ اسْتَوَى قَائِماً وَ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَوَّلُ عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ مَعْرِفَتُهُ إِلَى آخِرِ مَا أَوْرَدْتُهُ فِي كِتَابِ التَّوْحِيدِ.
He-asws ascended the pulpit and sat for a while, not speaking, lowered of head. Then he arose with a rising and stood up straight, and he-asws praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj and sent Salawaat upon His-azwj Prophet-saww, then said: ‘The first worship of Allah-azwj is recognising Him-azwj’ – up to the end of what I (Majlisi) have referred to in the book of Tawheed’’.[11]
3- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام لي، الأمالي للصدوق الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ تَاتَانَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّلْتِ الْهَرَوِيِّ قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ قَالَ لِلرِّضَا عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى ع يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَدْ عَرَفْتُ فَضْلَكَ وَ عِلْمَكَ وَ زُهْدَكَ وَ وَرَعَكَ وَ عِبَادَتَكَ وَ أَرَاكَ أَحَقَّ بِالْخِلَافَةِ مِنِّي
(The books) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’, (and) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, (and) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Tatanah, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abu Al Salt Al Harwy who said,
‘Al-Mamoun said to Al-Reza Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! I have recognised your-asws merit, and your-asws knowledge, and your-asws ascetism, and your-asws devoutness, and your-asws worship, and I see you-asws are being more rightful with the caliphate than me’.
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع بِالْعُبُودِيَّةِ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَفْتَخِرُ وَ بِالزُّهْدِ فِي الدُّنْيَا أَرْجُو النَّجَاةَ مِنْ شَرِّ الدُّنْيَا وَ بِالْوَرَعِ عَنِ الْمَحَارِمِ أَرْجُو الْفَوْزَ بِالْمَغَانِمِ وَ بِالتَّوَاضُعِ فِي الدُّنْيَا أَرْجُو الرِّفْعَةَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘With the servitude to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, I-asws am priding, and with the ascetism in the world, I am hoping for the salvation from the evil of the world, and with the devoutness (keeping) away from the prohibitions, I-asws am hoping for the success with the booties, and with the humbleness in the world, I-asws am hoping for the loftiness in the Presence of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ فَإِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَنْ أَعْزِلَ نَفْسِي عَنِ الْخِلَافَةِ وَ أَجْعَلَهَا لَكَ وَ أُبَايِعَكَ
Al-Mamoun said to him-asws, ‘I am viewing that I should remove myself from the caliphate and make it to be for you-asws and pledge allegiance to you-asws’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع إِنْ كَانَتْ هَذِهِ الْخِلَافَةُ لَكَ وَ جَعَلَهَا اللَّهُ لَكَ فَلَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ تَخْلَعَ لِبَاساً أَلْبَسَكَهُ اللَّهُ وَ تَجْعَلَهُ لِغَيْرِكَ وَ إِنْ كَانَتِ الْخِلَافَةُ لَيْسَتْ لَكَ فَلَا يَجُوزُ لَكَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِي مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ
Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘If this caliphate was for you, and Allah-azwj had Made it to be for you, then it is not allowed that you take off a clothing which Allah-azwj has Clothed you with and make it to be for others, and if the caliphate wasn’t for you, then it is not allowed for you that you should make it to be for me-asws what isn’t yours’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ لَا بُدَّ لَكَ مِنْ قَبُولِ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ فَقَالَ لَسْتُ أَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ طَائِعاً أَبَداً فَمَا زَالَ يُجْهِدُ بِهِ أَيَّاماً حَتَّى يَئِسَ مِنْ قَبُولِهِ
Al-Mamoun said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! There is no escape for you from accepting this command’. He-asws said: ‘I-asws won’t be doing that willingly, ever!’ He struggled with him-asws for days until he despaired from his-asws words.
فَقَالَ لَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَقْبَلِ الْخِلَافَةَ وَ لَمْ تُحِبَّ مُبَايَعَتِي لَكَ فَكُنْ وَلِيَّ عَهْدِي لِتَكُونَ لَكَ الْخِلَافَةُ بَعْدِي
He said to him-asws, ‘As you-asws are not accepting the caliphate and are not linking my allegiance to you-asws, then be my heir-apparent, for the caliphate to be for you-asws after me’.
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنِّي أَخْرُجُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا قَبْلَكَ مَقْتُولًا بِالسَّمِّ مَظْلُوماً تَبْكِي عَلَيَّ مَلَائِكَةُ السَّمَاءِ وَ مَلَائِكَةُ الْأَرْضِ وَ أُدْفَنُ فِي أَرْضِ غُرْبَةٍ إِلَى جَنْبِ هَارُونَ الرَّشِيدِ
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! My-asws father-asws narrated to me-asws from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Amir Al-Momineen-asws, from Rasool-Allah-saww, that I-asws would be exiting from the world before you, being kill by the poison, oppressed. The Angles of the sky and the Angels of the earth would be crying upon me-asws, and I-asws shall be buried in a land of estrangement to the side of Haroun Al-Rasheed’.
فَبَكَى الْمَأْمُونُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ مَنِ الَّذِي يَقْتُلُكَ أَوْ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى الْإِسَاءَةِ إِلَيْكَ وَ أَنَا حَيٌّ فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع أَمَا إِنِّي لَوْ أَشَاءُ أَنْ أَقُولَ مَنِ الَّذِي يَقْتُلُنِي لَقُلْتُ
Al-Mamoun wept, then said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! And who is the one who could be killing you-asws, or able upon the evil to you-asws while I am alive?’ He-asws said: ‘As for I-asws if I-asws were to desire saying who it is who would be killing me-asws, I-asws would say so’.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا تُرِيدُ بِقَوْلِكَ هَذَا التَّخْفِيفَ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ وَ دَفْعِ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ عَنْكَ لِيَقُولَ النَّاسُ أَنَّكَ زَاهِدٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا
Al-Mamoun said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! But rather you-asws are intending this lightness from yourself by your-asws words and push this command away from you-asws, so the people would be saying that you-asws are an ascetic in the world!’
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَذَبْتُ مُنْذُ خَلَقَنِي رَبِّي عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَا زَهِدْتُ فِي الدُّنْيَا لِلدُّنْيَا وَ إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ مَا تُرِيدُ
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! I-asws have not lied since my-asws Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created me-asws, and I-asws am not ascetic in the word for the (sake of the) world, and I-asws know what you intend’.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ مَا أُرِيدُ قَالَ الْأَمَانُ عَلَى الصِّدْقِ قَالَ لَكَ الْأَمَانُ قَالَ تُرِيدُ بِذَلِكَ أَنْ يَقُولَ النَّاسُ إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى لَمْ يَزْهَدْ فِي الدُّنْيَا بَلْ زَهِدَتِ الدُّنْيَا فِيهِ أَ لَا تَرَوْنَ كَيْفَ قَبِلَ وِلَايَةَ الْعَهْدِ طَمَعاً فِي الْخِلَافَةِ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘And what do I intend?’ He-asws said: ‘The safety upon (speaking) the truth’. He said, ‘For you-asws is the safety’. He-asws said: ‘You are intending by that, the people would be saying, ‘Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws is not ascetic regarding the world, but the world is ascetic regarding him-asws. Are you not seeing how he-asws has accepted to be the heir-apparent in greed regarding the caliphate?’’
فَغَضِبَ الْمَأْمُونُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّكَ تَتَلَقَّانِي أَبَداً بِمَا أَكْرَهُهُ وَ قَدْ أَمِنْتَ سَطْوَتِي فَبِاللَّهِ أُقْسِمُ لَئِنْ قَبِلْتَ وِلَايَةَ الْعَهْدِ وَ إِلَّا أَجْبَرْتُكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ فَعَلْتَ وَ إِلَّا ضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَكَ
Al-Mamoun was angered, then said, ‘You always face me with what I dislike, and I-asws have granted you-asws safety from my anger. By Allah-azwj! I swear, either you accept to be the heir apparent or else I shall force you-asws upon that. You either do that or else I shall strike off your-asws neck!’
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع قَدْ نَهَانِيَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ أُلْقِيَ بِيَدِي إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ فَإِنْ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ عَلَى هَذَا فَافْعَلْ مَا بَدَا لَكَ وَ أَنَا أَقْبَلُ ذَلِكَ عَلَى أَنِّي لَا أُوَلِّي أَحَداً وَ لَا أَعْزِلُ أَحَداً وَ لَا أَنْقُضُ رَسْماً وَ لَا سُنَّةً وَ أَكُونُ فِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ مُشِيراً
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Forbidden me-asws that I-asws should throw myself-asws to the destruction with my-asws own hands. If the matter was based upon this, then do whatever comes to you, and I-asws shall accept that based upon that I-asws will neither place anyone in charge, nor remove anyone, nor break any norms, nor a Sunnah, and I-asws shall be in the command from afar, as an adviser (if consulted)’.
فَرَضِيَ مِنْهُ بِذَلِكَ وَ جَعَلَهُ وَلِيَّ عَهْدِهِ عَلَى كَرَاهَةٍ مِنْهُ ع لِذَلِكَ.
He was pleased from him-asws with that and made him-asws his heir apparent upon an abhorrence from him-asws of that’’.[12]
4- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام لي، الأمالي للصدوق الْهَمَدَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الرَّيَّانِ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّكَ قَبِلْتَ وِلَايَةَ الْعَهْدِ مَعَ إِظْهَارِكَ الزُّهْدَ فِي الدُّنْيَا
The book ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, (and) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Al Hamdany, from Ali, from his father, from Al Rayyan who said,
‘I entered to see Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws. I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Then people are saying that you-asws accepted to be the heir apparent with (despite) your manifesting the ascetism in the world!’
فَقَالَ ع قَدْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ كَرَاهَتِي لِذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا خُيِّرْتُ بَيْنَ قَبُولِ ذَلِكَ وَ بَيْنَ الْقَتْلِ اخْتَرْتُ الْقَبُولَ عَلَى الْقَتْلِ وَيْحَهُمْ أَ مَا عَلِمُوا أَنَّ يُوسُفَ ع كَانَ نَبِيّاً رَسُولًا فَلَمَّا دَفَعَتْهُ الضَّرُورَةُ إِلَى تَوَلِّي خَزَائِنِ الْعَزِيزِ قَالَ لَهُ اجْعَلْنِي عَلى خَزائِنِ الْأَرْضِ إِنِّي حَفِيظٌ عَلِيمٌ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Knows of my-asws dislike to that. When I-asws was given a choice between accepting that and being killed, I-asws chose the acceptance over being killed. Woe be to them! Don’t they know that Yusuf-as was a Prophet-as, a Messenger-as. When the necessity pushed him-as to be in charge of the treasury of the governor, he-as said to him, ‘Make me (in charge) upon the treasures of the land, I am a knowledgeable protector [12:55].
وَ دَفَعَتْنِي الضَّرُورَةُ إِلَى قَبُولِ ذَلِكَ عَلَى إِكْرَاهٍ وَ إِجْبَارٍ بَعْدَ الْإِشْرَافِ عَلَى الْهَلَاكِ عَلَى أَنِّي مَا دَخَلْتُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ إِلَّا دُخُولَ خَارِجٍ مِنْهُ فَإِلَى اللَّهِ الْمُشْتَكَى وَ هُوَ الْمُسْتَعَانُ.
And the necessity pushed me-asws to accepting that upon its dislike and being forced after the overlooking upon the death, based upon that I-asws would not enter into this command except the entry of an outsider from it. To Allah-azwj is the complaint, and He-azwj is the Helper’’.[13]
5- لي، الأمالي للصدوق عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ يَاسِرٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا وُلِّيَ الرِّضَا ع الْعَهْدَ سَمِعْتُهُ وَ قَدْ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ أَنِّي مُكْرَهٌ مُضْطَرٌّ فَلَا تُؤَاخِذْنِي كَمَا لَمْ تُؤَاخِذْ عَبْدَكَ وَ نَبِيَّكَ يُوسُفَ حِينَ وَقَعَ إِلَى وِلَايَةِ مِصْرَ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Ali, from his father, from Yasser who said,
‘When Al-Reza-asws was the heir apparent, I-asws heard him-asws, and he-asws had raised his-asws hands towards the sky and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! You-azwj Know I-asws am coerced, desperate, so do not Seize me-asws just as You-azwj did not Seize Your-azwj servant and Your-azwj Prophet-as Yusuf-as when he-asws fell to the governance of Egypt’’.[14]
6- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام لي، الأمالي للصدوق الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الصُّولِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: صَعِدَ الْمَأْمُونُ الْمِنْبَرَ لِيُبَايِعَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ جَاءَتْكُمْ بَيْعَةُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ قَرَأْتُ هَذِهِ الْأَسْمَاءَ عَلَى الصُّمِّ وَ الْبُكْمِ لَبَرَءُوا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ.
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, (and) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Al Huayn Bin Ahmad Al Bayhaqi, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Sowly, from Al-Hassan Bin Jahm, from his father who said,
‘Al-Mamoun ascended the pulpit to take the allegiance for Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws. He said, ‘O you people!’ There has come to you the allegiance of Ali-asws Bin Musa Bin Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws! By Allah-azwj! If these names were to be recited upon the deaf and the mute, they would be cured by the Permission of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[15]
7- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الطَّالَقَانِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَلِيلَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ عَتَّابِ بْنِ أَسِيدٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ جَمَاعَةً مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ يَقُولُونَ وُلِدَ الرِّضَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى ع بِالْمَدِينَةِ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ لِإِحْدَى عَشَرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ خَمْسِينَ وَ مِائَةٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بِخَمْسِ سِنِينَ وَ تُوُفِّيَ بِطُوسَ فِي قَرْيَةٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا سَنَابَادُ مِنْ رُسْتَاقِ نُوقَانَ وَ دُفِنَ فِي دَارِ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ قَحْطَبَةَ الطَّائِيِّ فِي الْقُبَّةِ الَّتِي فِيهَا هَارُونُ الرَّشِيدُ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْقِبْلَةَ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws – Al Talaqany, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Zakariya, from Muhammad Bin Khaleelan who said, ‘It is narrated to me by my father, from his father, from his grandfather, from Attab Bin Aseyd who said,
‘I heard a group from the people of Al-Medina saying, ‘Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws was blessed (to his-asws parents-asws) at Al-Medina on the day of Thursday on the eleventh night vacant from Rabbi Al-Awwal in the year one hundred and fifty-three from the Hijrah, after the expiry of Abu Abdullah-asws by five years, and he-asws expired at Toos in a town called Sanabad, from Rustaq Nowqan, and he-asws was buried in a house of Humeyr Bin Qahtaba Al-Taie in the very dome in which is Haroun Al-Rasheed to his side from what follows the Qiblah.
وَ ذَلِكَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِتِسْعٍ بَقِينَ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ وَ قَدْ تَمَّ عُمُرُهُ تِسْعاً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً وَ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ مِنْهَا مَعَ أَبِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع تِسْعاً وَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَ شَهْرَيْنِ وَ بَعْدَ أَبِيهِ أَيَّامَ إِمَامَتِهِ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ قَامَ ع بِالْأَمْرِ وَ لَهُ تِسْعٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ سَنَةً وَ شَهْرَانِ
And that was during the month of Ramazan on the tenth remaining from it, on the day of Friday of the year two hundred and three, and his-asws complete age was of forty-nine years and six months. From it, with his-asws father Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws was for twenty-nine years and two months, and after his-asws father, the days of his-asws Imamate were twenty years and four months, and he-asws stood with the command and there were twenty-nine years and two months for him-asws.
وَ كَانَ فِي أَيَّامِ إِمَامَتِهِ ع بَقِيَّةُ مُلْكِ الرَّشِيدِ ثُمَّ مَلِكَ بَعْدَ الرَّشِيدِ مُحَمَّدٌ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِالْأَمِينِ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ زُبَيْدَةَ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ وَ خَمْسَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ خُلِعَ الْأَمِينُ وَ أُجْلِسَ عَمُّهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ شَكْلَةَ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ أُخْرِجَ مُحَمَّدُ ابْنُ زُبَيْدَةَ مِنَ الْحَبْسِ وَ بُويِعَ لَهُ ثَانِيَةً وَ جَلَسَ فِي الْمُلْكِ سَنَةً وَ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ ثُمَّ مَلِكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْمَأْمُونُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَ ثَلَاثَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ يَوْماً
And during the days of his-asws Imamate was the remainder of the rule of Al-Rasheed, then after Al-Rasheed was the rule of Muhammad well-known as Al-Ameen, and he is the son of Zubeyda, for three years and twenty-five days. Then Al-Ameen abdicated and got his uncle Ibrahim Bin Shakala to sit, for fourteen days. Then Muhammad Ibn Zubeyda was brought out from the prison and allegiances were pledged to him for the second time, and he sat in the rule for a year and six months and twenty-three (days), then it was the rule of Abdullah Al-Mamoun for twenty years and twenty-three days.
فَأَخَذَ الْبَيْعَةَ فِي مُلْكِهِ- لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع بِعَهْدِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ غَيْرِ رِضَاهُ وَ ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ أَنْ تَهَدَّدَهُ بِالْقَتْلِ وَ أَلَحَّ عَلَيْهِ مَرَّةً بَعْدَ أُخْرَى فِي كُلِّهَا يَأْبَى عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى أَشْرَفَ مِنْ تَأَبِّيهِ عَلَى الْهَلَاكِ
During his rule, he took the allegiance for Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws with the pact of the Muslims from without his-asws agreement, and that was after he had threatened him-asws with the killing, and insisted upon him time after time, during all of these he-asws was refusing to him, until he-asws overlooked at death from his-asws refusal.
فَقَالَ ع اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ قَدْ نَهَيْتَنِي عَنِ الْإِلْقَاءِ بِيَدِي إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ وَ قَدْ أَشْرَفْتُ مِنْ قِبَلِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمَأْمُونِ عَلَى الْقَتْلِ مَتَى لَا أَقْبَلُ وِلَايَةَ عَهْدِهِ وَ قَدْ أُكْرِهْتُ وَ اضْطُرِرْتُ كَمَا اضْطُرَّ يُوسُفُ وَ دَانِيَالُ ع إِذْ قَبِلَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا الْوِلَايَةَ مِنْ طَاغِيَةِ زَمَانِهِ
He-asws said: ‘O Allah-azwj! You-azwj have Prohibited me-asws from throwing myself-asws to the destruction with my-asws own hands, and I-asws had overlooked upon being killed from the direction of Abdullah Al-Mamoun when I-asws did not accept being his heir apparent, and I-asws have dislike and was desperate just as Yusuf-as and Daniel-as had been desperate, when each one of them-as accepted the governance from a tyrant of his-as time.
اللَّهُمَّ لَا عَهْدَ إِلَّا عَهْدُكَ وَ لَا وِلَايَةَ إِلَّا مِنْ قِبَلِكَ فَوَفِّقْنِي لِإِقَامَةِ دِينِكَ وَ إِحْيَاءِ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّكَ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْمَوْلَى وَ النَّصِيرُ وَ نِعْمَ الْمَوْلَى أَنْتَ وَ نِعْمَ النَّصِيرُ
O Allah-azwj! There is no covenant except Your-azwj Covenant, nor is there any governance except from Your-azwj Direction. So Harmonise me-asws to establish Your-azwj religion and revive the Sunnah of Your-azwj Prophet-saww, for You-azwj are the Master and the Helper, and Your-azwj are the best Master and the best Helper!’
ثُمَّ قَبِلَ ع وِلَايَةَ الْعَهْدِ مِنَ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ هُوَ بَاكٍ حَزِينٌ عَلَى أَنْ لَا يُوَلِّيَ أَحَداً وَ لَا يَعْزِلَ أَحَداً وَ لَا يُغَيِّرَ رَسْماً وَ لَا سُنَّةً وَ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي الْأَمْرِ مُشِيراً مِنْ بَعِيدٍ فَأَخَذَ الْمَأْمُونُ لَهُ الْبَيْعَةَ عَلَى النَّاسِ الْخَاصِّ مِنْهُمْ وَ الْعَامِّ
Then he-asws accepted being the heir apparent from Al-Mamoun, and he-asws was weeping, grieving, based upon that he-asws will neither place anyone in charge nor remove anyone, nor change any norm, nor Sunnah, and that he-asws would be a consultant in the command from afar. So, Al-Mamoun took the allegiance for him-asws upon the people, the special ones from them and the general ones.
فَكَانَ مَتَى مَا ظَهَرَ لِلْمَأْمُونِ مِنَ الرِّضَا ع فَضْلٌ وَ عِلْمٌ وَ حُسْنُ تَدْبِيرٍ حَسَدَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ حَقِدَهُ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى ضَاقَ صَدْرُهُ مِنْهُ فَغَدَرَ بِهِ فَقَتَلَهُ بِالسَّمِّ وَ مَضَى إِلَى رِضْوَانِ اللَّهِ وَ كَرَامَتِهِ.
It so happened, when it was apparent to Al-Mamoun from Al-Reza-asws, merit, and knowledge, and excellent management, he envied him-asws upon that, and held grudges upon him-asws until his chest was constricted from him-asws. So he betrayed him-asws and killed him-asws with the poison, and he-asws went to the Pleasure of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Benevolence’’.[16]
8- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنِ الصُّولِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ طَاهِرٍ قَالَ: أَشَارَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ أَنْ يَتَقَرَّبَ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِلَى رَسُولِهِ ص بِصِلَةِ رَحِمِهِ بِالْبَيْعَةِ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى ع لِيَمْحُوَ بِذَلِكَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ الرَّشِيدِ فِيهِمْ وَ مَا كَانَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى خِلَافِهِ فِي شَيْءٍ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws – Al Bayhaqi, from Al Sowly, from Ubeydullah Bin Abdullah Bin Tahir who said,
‘Al-Fazl Bin Sahl consulted upon Al-Mamoun that he should draw closer to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and to His-azwj Rasool-saww by connecting the kinship with the allegiance for Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws in order to delete with that what had happened from the matter of Al-Rasheed among them, and he was not able to opposed him regarding anything.
فَوَجَّهَ مِنْ خُرَاسَانَ بِرَجَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي الضَّحَّاكِ وَ يَاسِرٍ الْخَادِمِ لِيُشْخِصَا إِلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ ذَلِكَ فِي سَنَةِ مِائَتَيْنِ فَلَمَّا وَصَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى ع إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ وَ هُوَ بِمَرْوَ وَلَّاهُ الْعَهْدَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ أَمَرَ لِلْجُنْدِ بِرِزْقِ سَنَةٍ وَ كَتَبَ إِلَى الْآفَاقِ بِذَلِكَ وَ سَمَّاهُ الرِّضَا ع وَ ضَرَبَ الدَّرَاهِمَ بِاسْمِهِ وَ أَمَرَ النَّاسَ بِلُبْسِ الْخُضْرَةِ وَ تَرْكِ السَّوَادِ
He sent him from Khurasan with Raja’a Bin Abu Al-Zahhak and Yasser Al-Khadim in order to escort to him Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, and Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws. And that was in the year two hundred. When Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws arrived to Al-Mamoun, and he was at Merv, he made him-asws the heir apparent from after it, and he ordered for soldiers to receive a year’s sustenance, and he wrote to the outskirts with that, he made Al-Reza-asws to be heard and struck the Dirhams with his-asws name and ordered the people with wearing the green and leaving the black.
وَ زَوَّجَهُ ابْنَتَهُ أُمَّ حَبِيبَةَ وَ زَوَّجَ ابْنَهُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع ابْنَتَهُ أُمَّ الْفَضْلِ بِنْتَ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ تَزَوَّجَ هُوَ بِتُورَانَ بِنْتِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ زَوَّجَهُ بِهَا عَمُّهُ الْفَضْلُ وَ كُلُّ هَذَا فِي يَوْمٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ مَا كَانَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يُتِمَّ الْعَهْدَ لِلرِّضَا ع بَعْدَهُ
And he got him-asws married to his daughter Umm Habeeba and got his-asws son-asws Muhammad Bin Ali-asws to his daughter Umm Al-Fazl Bint Al-Mamoun, and he himself got married to Towran Bint Al-Hassan Bin Sahl, his uncle Al-Fazl got him married with her. And all this was during one day, and he did not like to complete the pact to Al-Reza-asws after it.
قَالَ الصُّولِيُّ وَ قَدْ صَحَّ عِنْدِي مَا حَدَّثَنِي بِهِ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ مِنْ جِهَاتٍ مِنْهَا أَنَّ عَوْنَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ حَدَّثَنِي عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ أَبِي سَهْلٍ النَّوْبَخْتِيِّ أَوْ عَنْ أَخٍ لَهُ قَالَ لَمَّا عَزَمَ الْمَأْمُونُ عَلَى الْعَقْدِ لِلرِّضَا ع بِالْعَهْدِ قُلْتُ وَ اللَّهِ لَأَعْتَبِرَنَّ مَا فِي نَفْسِ الْمَأْمُونِ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ أَ يُحِبُّ تَمَامَهُ أَوْ هُوَ يَتَصَنَّعُ بِهِ
Al-Sowly said, ‘And it holds correct with me what is narrated to me with by Ubeydullah from various aspects, from these is that Awn Bin Muhammad narrated to me from Al-Fazl Bin Abu Sahl Al-Nowbakhty, or from a brother of his. He said, ‘When Al-Mamoun determined upon the tying the pact to Al-Reza-asws, I said, ‘By Allah-azwj! I shall find out what is in the self of Al-Mamoun from this matter. Does he want to complete it or is he pretending with it?’
فَكَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ عَلَى يَدِ خَادِمٍ لَهُ كَانَ يُكَاتِبُنِي بِأَسْرَارِهِ عَلَى يَدِهِ قَدْ عَزَمَ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ عَلَى عَقْدِ الْعَهْدِ وَ الطَّالِعُ السَّرَطَانُ وَ فِيهِ الْمُشْتَرِي وَ السَّرَطَانُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ شَرَفُ الْمُشْتَرِي فَهُوَ بُرْجٌ مُنْقَلِبٌ لَا يَتِمُّ أَمْرٌ يُعْقَدُ فِيهِ
I wrote to him upon the hand of a servant of his who used to write to me with his secrets upon his hand, ‘Zul Riyasateyn has determined upon tying the pact, and the emergence of Saturn, and in it is the Jupiter, and if the Jupiter were to overlook, and it is a star, it would be overturned, and the matter tied during it would not be completed.
وَ مَعَ هَذَا فَإِنَّ الْمِرِّيخَ فِي الْمِيزَانِ فِي بَيْتِ الْعَاقِبَةِ وَ هَذَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى نَكْبَةِ الْمَعْقُودِ لَهُ وَ عَرَّفْتُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ذَلِكَ لِئَلَّا يُعَتِّبَ عَلَيَّ إِذَا وَقَفَ عَلَى هَذَا مِنْ غَيْرِي
And along with this if the Jupiter is in the libra in the house offal Aqeeba, and this points upon catastrophe of whatever is pacted to, and commander of the faithful knew that, lest he reproaches me, when he stood upon this from others.
فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ إِذَا قَرَأْتَ جَوَابِي إِلَيْكَ فَارْدُدْهُ إِلَيَّ مَعَ الْخَادِمِ وَ نَفْسَكَ أَنْ يَقِفَ أَحَدٌ عَلَى مَا عَرَّفْتَنِيهِ وَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ عَنْ عَزْمِهِ لِأَنَّهُ إِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَلْحَقْتُ الذَّنْبَ بِكَ وَ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّكَ سَبَبُهُ
He wrote to me, ‘When you have read my answer to you, then return it to me with the servant and yourself, if he were pause anyone upon what I have let you now, and that he should return Zul Riyasateyn from his determination, because if he were to do that, the sin would be attached with you, and he would know that you are the cause of it’.
قَالَ فَضَاقَتْ عَلَيَّ الدُّنْيَا وَ تَمَنَّيْتُ أَنِّي مَا كُنْتُ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ سَهْلٍ ذَا الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ قَدْ تَنَبَّهَ عَلَى الْأَمْرِ وَ رَجَعَ عَنْ عَزْمِهِ وَ كَانَ حَسَنَ الْعِلْمِ بِالنُّجُومِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘The world became constricted upon me, and I wished that I had not written to him. Then it reached me that Al-Fazl Bin Sahl with the two governances had been alerted upon the matter and he retracted from his determination, and he was with good knowledge of astrology.
فَخِفْتُ وَ اللَّهِ عَلَى نَفْسِي وَ رَكِبْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَ تَعْلَمُ فِي السَّمَاءِ نَجْماً أَسْعَدَ مِنَ الْمُشْتَرِي قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ أَ فَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّ فِي الْكَوَاكِبِ نَجْماً يَكُونُ فِي حَالٍ أَسْعَدَ مِنْهَا فِي شَرَفِهَا قَالَ لَا
By Allah-azwj! I feared upon myself, and I rode to him. I said to him, ‘Do you know of any star in the sky more fortunate than the Jupiter?’ He said, ‘No’. I said, ‘Do you know that among the stars there is a star which happens to be at the moment more fortunate than it in its nobility?’ He said, ‘No’.
فَقُلْتُ فَأَمْضِ الْعَزْمَ عَلَى رَأْيِكَ إِذْ كُنْتَ تَعْقِدُهُ وَ سَعْدُ الْفَلَكِ فِي أَسْعَدِ حَالاتِهِ فَأَمْضَى الْأَمْرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَمَا عَلِمْتُ أَنِّي مِنْ أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى وَقَعَ الْعَقْدُ فَزَعاً مِنَ الْمَأْمُونِ.
I said, ‘Then continue the determination upon your view when you were tying it, and the fortunate planet is in the most fortunate of its state. So, continue the matter upon that’. I did not know that I was from the people of the world, panicking, until the pact occurred from Al-Mamoun’’.[17]
9- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْهَمَدَانِيُّ وَ الْمُكَتِّبُ وَ الْوَرَّاقُ جَمِيعاً عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يَاسِرٌ الْخَادِمُ لَمَّا رَجَعَ مِنْ خُرَاسَانَ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع بِطُوسَ بِأَخْبَارِهِ كُلِّهَا قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ حَدَّثَنِي الرَّيَّانُ بْنُ الصَّلْتِ وَ كَانَ مِنْ رِجَالِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَرَفَةَ وَ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الرَّاشِدِيَّيْنِ كُلُّ هَؤُلَاءِ حَدَّثُوا بِأَخْبَارِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع وَ قَالُوا لَمَّا انْقَضَى أَمْرُ الْمَخْلُوعِ وَ اسْتَوَى أَمْرُ الْمَأْمُونِ كَتَبَ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع يَسْتَقْدِمُهُ إِلَى خُرَاسَانَ فَاعْتَلَّ عَلَيْهِ الرِّضَا ع بِعِلَلٍ كَثِيرَةٍ فَمَا زَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ يُكَاتِبُهُ وَ يَسْأَلُهُ حَتَّى عَلِمَ الرِّضَا ع أَنَّهُ لَا يَكُفُّ عَنْهُ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws – Al Hamdany and Al Mukattib, and Al Warraq, altogether from Ali Bin Ibrahim who said, ‘It is narrated to me by Yasser the servant, when he returned from Khurasan after the expiry of Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws at Toos, with his-asws news, all of them. Ali Bin Ibrahim said, ‘And it is narrated to my by Al Rayyan Bin Al Salt, and he was from the men of Al-Hassan Bin Sahl, and it is narrated to me by my father, from Muhammad Bin Arafat, and Salih Bin Saeed Al Rashideyn,
‘All of them narrated the news of Abu Al-Hassan-asws and they said, ‘When the matter of the deposed (previous caliph) was completed and the matter of Al-Mamoun was even, he wrote to Al-Reza-asws to bring him-asws to Khurasan. Al-Reza-asws delayed upon him with a lot of reasons, but Al-Mamoun did not cease to write to him and asking him-asws until Al-Reza-asws knew that he would not refrain from it.
فَخَرَجَ وَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع لَهُ سَبْعُ سِنِينَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَأْمُونُ لَا تَأْخُذْ عَلَى طَرِيقِ الْكُوفَةِ وَ قُمْ فَحَمَلَ عَلَى طَرِيقِ الْبَصْرَةِ وَ الْأَهْوَازِ وَ فَارِسَ حَتَّى وَافَى مَرْوَ فَلَمَّا وَافَى مَرْوَ عَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَأْمُونُ أَنْ يَتَقَلَّدَ الْإِمْرَةَ وَ الْخِلَافَةَ فَأَبَى الرِّضَا ع فِي ذَلِكَ وَ جَرَتْ فِي هَذَا مُخَاطَبَاتٌ كَثِيرَةٌ وَ بَقُوا فِي ذَلِكَ نَحْواً مِنْ شَهْرَيْنِ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَأْبَى عَلَيْهِ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى ع أَنْ يَقْبَلَ مَا يَعْرِضَ عَلَيْهِ
He-asws went out and Abu Ja’far-asws was seven years old. Al-Mamoun wrote to him-asws, ‘Do not take upon the road of Al-Kufa and Qum’. He-asws was carried upon the road of Al-Basra and Al-Ahvaz and Persia until he-asws arrived at Merv. When he-asws arrived at Merv, Al-Mamoun presented to him-asws that he-asws should collar with the governorship and the caliphate. Al-Reza-asws refused regarding that, and a lot of discussion flowed, and they remain around two months in that, during all that Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws was refusing to him to accept what he had presented to him-asws.
فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرَ الْكَلَامَ وَ الْخِطَابَ فِي هَذَا قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَوِلَايَةُ الْعَهْدِ فَأَجَابَهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ وَ قَالَ لَهُ عَلَى شُرُوطٍ أَسْأَلُكَهَا فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ سَلْ مَا شِئْتَ
When the talk and the discussion was a lot regarding this, Al-Mamoun said, ‘So what about being the heir apparent?’ He-asws answered him to that and said to him, ‘I-asws shall take it based upon the conditions’. Al-Mamoun said, ‘Ask whatever you-asws so desire!’
قَالُوا فَكَتَبَ الرِّضَا ع إِنِّي أُدْخِلَ فِي وِلَايَةِ الْعَهْدِ عَلَى أَنْ لَا آمُرَ وَ لَا أَنْهَى وَ لَا أَقْضِيَ وَ لَا أُغَيِّرَ شَيْئاً مِمَّا هُوَ قَائِمٌ وَ تُعْفِيَنِي عَنْ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ فَأَجَابَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ وَ قَبِلَهَا عَلَى كُلِّ هَذِهِ الشُّرُوطِ
They said, ‘So Al-Reza-asws wrote: ‘I-asws shall enter to be the heir apparent based upon that I-asws will neither instruct nor forbid, nor will I-asws give a judgment, nor change anything from what is already established, and you will excuse me-asws from that, all of it!’ Al-Mamoun answered him-asws to all of that and he accepted based upon all these conditions.
وَ دَعَا الْمَأْمُونُ الْقُوَّادَ وَ الْقُضَاةَ وَ الشَّاكِرِيَّةِ وَ وُلْدَ الْعَبَّاسِ إِلَى ذَلِكَ فَاضْطَرَبُوا عَلَيْهِ فَأَخْرَجَ أَمْوَالًا كَثِيرَةً وَ أَعْطَى الْقُوَّادَ وَ أَرْضَاهُمْ إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةَ نَفَرٍ مِنْ قُوَّادِهِ أَبَوْا ذَلِكَ أَحَدُهُمُ الْجَلُودِيُّ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ وَ ابْنُ مويس
And Al-Mamoun called the leaders, and the judges and the employees, and the sons of Al-Abbas to that. They were restless upon it. So he extracted a lot of wealth and gave to the leaders, and pleased them, except for three persons from his leaders who refused that – Al-Jaloudy, and Ali Bin Imran, and Ibn Musa.
فَإِنَّهُمْ أَبَوْا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا فِي بَيْعَةِ الرِّضَا ع فَحَبَسَهُمْ وَ بُويِعَ لِلرِّضَا ع وَ كَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى الْبُلْدَانِ وَ ضُرِبَتِ الدَّنَانِيرُ وَ الدَّرَاهِمُ بِاسْمِهِ وَ خُطِبَ لَهُ عَلَى الْمَنَابِرِ وَ أَنْفَقَ الْمَأْمُونُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَمْوَالًا كَثِيرَةً
They refused to enter into the allegiance of Al-Reza-asws, so he imprisoned them and took allegiances for Al-Reza-asws, and he wrote with that to the cities, and he struck the Dinars and the Dirham with his-asws name, and addressed for him upon the pulpits, and Al-Mamoun spent a lot of wealth upon that.
فَلَمَّا حَضَرَ الْعِيدُ بَعَثَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع يَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يَرْكَبَ وَ يَحْضُرَ الْعِيدَ وَ يَخْطُبَ لِتَطْمَئِنَّ قُلُوبُ النَّاسِ وَ يَعْرِفُوا فَضْلَهُ وَ تَقِرَّ قُلُوبُهُمْ عَلَى هَذِهِ الدَّوْلَةِ الْمُبَارَكَةِ
When the Eid presented, Al-Mamoun sent a message to Al-Reza-asws asking him-asws to ride and attend the Eid and address in order to reassure the hearts of the people and let them know of his-asws merits and delight their hearts upon this Blessed government.
فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ الرِّضَا ع وَ قَالَ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا كَانَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ مِنَ الشُّرُوطِ فِي دُخُولِي فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ
Al-Reza-asws sent a message to him and said: ‘You know what has happened between me-asws and you from the stipulated conditions regarding my-asws entering into this command’.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِنَّمَا أُرِيدُ بِهَذَا أَنْ يَرْسُخَ فِي قُلُوبِ الْعَامَّةِ وَ الْجُنْدِ وَ الشَّاكِرِيَّةِ هَذَا الْأَمْرُ فَتَطْمَئِنَّ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَ يُقِرُّوا بِمَا فَضَّلَكَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِهِ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُرَادُّهُ الْكَلَامَ فِي ذَلِكَ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘But rather I intended by this that this command be entrenched in the hearts of the general public and the soldiers, and the employees, and they should acknowledge with what Allah-azwj the Exalted has Graced you-asws with’. He did not cease to repeat the speech to him-asws regarding that.
فَلَمَّا أَلَحَّ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنْ أَعْفَيْتَنِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تُعْفِنِي خَرَجْتُ كَمَا كَانَ يَخْرُجُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ كَمَا خَرَجَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
When he insisted upon him-asws, he-asws said, ‘O commander of the faithful! If you were to excuse me-asws from that, it would be more beloved to me, and if you do not excuse me-asws, I-asws shall come out like what Rasool-Allah-saww had come out, just as Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws had come out’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ اخْرُجْ كَمَا تُحِبُّ وَ أَمَرَ الْمَأْمُونُ الْقُوَّادَ وَ النَّاسَ أَنْ يُبَكِّرُوا إِلَى بَابِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فَقَعَدَ النَّاسُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فِي الطُّرُقَاتِ وَ السُّطُوحِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ وَ الصِّبْيَانِ وَ اجْتَمَعَ الْقُوَّادُ عَلَى بَابِ الرِّضَا ع
Al-Mamoun said, ‘Come out as what you-asws like’. And Al-Mamoun ordered the leaders and the people that they should come out early morning to the door of Abu Al-Hassan-asws. So, the people sat to Abu Al-Hassan-asws in the road and the terraces, from the men and the women and the children, and the leaders gathered at the door of Al-Reza-asws.
فَلَمَّا طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَامَ الرِّضَا ع فَاغْتَسَلَ وَ تَعَمَّمَ بِعِمَامَةٍ بَيْضَاءَ مِنْ قُطْنٍ وَ أَلْقَى طَرَفاً مِنْهَا عَلَى صَدْرِهِ وَ طَرَفاً بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْهِ وَ تَشَمَّرَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِجَمِيعِ مَوَالِيهِ افْعَلُوا مِثْلَ مَا فَعَلْتُ
When the sun emerged, Al-Reza-asws stood up and washed, and he-asws turbaned with a white turban of cotton, and he-asws cast an end from it upon his-asws chest and an end between his-asws shoulders and got ready. Then he-asws said to the entirety of his-asws friends: ‘Do the like of what I-asws am doing!’
ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ عُكَّازَةً وَ خَرَجَ وَ نَحْنُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ هُوَ حَافٍ قَدْ شَمَّرَ سَرَاوِيلَهُ إِلَى نِصْفِ السَّاقِ وَ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابٌ مُشَمَّرَةٌ فَلَمَّا قَامَ وَ مَشَيْنَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ كَبَّرَ أَرْبَعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ
Then he-asws took a cane in his-asws hand and came out, and we were in front of him-asws and he-asws was bare-footed, having had rolled up his-asws trouser to half the leg, and upon him-asws were rolled up clothes. When he-asws stood and we walked in front of him-asws, he-asws raised his-asws head towards the sky and exclaimed Takbeer, four Takbeers.
فَخُيِّلَ إِلَيْنَا أَنَّ الْهَوَاءَ وَ الْحِيطَانَ تُجَاوِبُهُ وَ الْقُوَّادُ وَ النَّاسُ عَلَى الْبَابِ قَدْ تَزَيَّنُوا وَ لَبِسُوا السِّلَاحَ وَ تَهَيَّئُوا بِأَحْسَنِ هَيْئَةٍ فَلَمَّا طَلَعْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ بِهَذِهِ الصُّورَةِ حُفَاةً قَدْ تَشَمَّرْنَا وَ طَلَعَ الرِّضَا وَقَفَ وَقْفَةً عَلَى الْبَابِ
It was imagined to us that the air, and the walls were responding to him-asws, and the leaders and the people were at the door having had adorned and worn the weapons, and they had prepared with excellent preparation. When we emerged to them in this image, bare-footed, and we had rolled up, and Al-Reza-asws emerged, he-asws stopped, pausing at the door.
وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ عَلَى مَا هَدَانَا اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ عَلَى مَا رَزَقَنَا مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ الْأَنْعَامِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى مَا أَبْلَانَا وَ رَفَعَ بِذَلِكَ صَوْتَهُ وَ رَفَعْنَا أَصْوَاتَنَا
And he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is the Greatest! Allah-azwj is the Greatest! Allah-azwj is the Greatest upon what He-azwj has Guided us. Allah-azwj is the Greatest upon what He-azwj has Sustained up from the animals, the cattle. And the Praise is for Allah-azwj upon what He-azwj has Blessed us!’ And he-asws raised his-asws voice with that, and we raised our voices.
فَتَزَعْزَعَتْ مَرْوُ مِنَ الْبُكَاءِ وَ الصِّيَاحِ فَقَالَهَا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَسَقَطَ الْقُوَّادُ عَنْ دَوَابِّهِمْ وَ رَمَوْا بِخِفَافِهِمْ لَمَّا نَظَرُوا إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع وَ صَارَتْ مَرْوُ ضَجَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَ لَمْ يَتَمَالَكِ النَّاسُ مِنَ الْبُكَاءِ وَ الضَّجَّةِ
Merv was shaken from the crying and the shouting. He-asws said it three times. The leaders fell off from their animals and they threw off their shoes due to what they had looked at Abu Al-Hassan-asws, and Merv became with one noise, and the people could not control themselves from the crying and the clamouring.
فَكَانَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع يَمْشِي وَ يَقِفُ فِي كُلِّ عَشَرَةِ خُطُوَاتٍ وَقْفَةً يُكَبِّرُ اللَّهَ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ فَيُتَخَيَّلُ إِلَيْنَا أَنَّ السَّمَاءَ وَ الْأَرْضَ وَ الْحِيطَانَ تُجَاوِبُهُ
Abu Al-Hassan-asws was walking and stopping during every ten steps, pausing to exclaim the Greatness of Allah-azwj four times. It came in our imaginations that the sky and the earth and the wall were responding to him-asws.
وَ بَلَغَ الْمَأْمُونَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنْ بَلَغَ الرِّضَا الْمُصَلَّى عَلَى هَذَا السَّبِيلِ افْتَتَنَ بِهِ النَّاسُ فَالرَّأْيُ أَنْ تَسْأَلَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ
And that reached Al-Mamoun. Al-Fazl Bin Sahl with two governances, said to him, ‘O commander of the faithful! If Al-Reza-asws were to reach the praying place upon this way, the people would be tempted by him-asws. So the view is that you should ask him-asws to return!’
فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَأْمُونُ فَسَأَلَهُ الرُّجُوعَ فَدَعَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع بِخُفِّهِ فَلَبِسَهُ وَ رَجَعَ.
Al-Mamoun sent a message to him-asws asking him-asws to return. Abu Al-Hassan-asws called for his-asws shoes, wore it and returned’’.[18]
شا، الإرشاد عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ يَاسِرٍ وَ الرَّيَّانُ قَالَ: لَمَّا حَضَرَ الْعِيدُ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى آخِرِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Irshad’ – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Yasser and Al Rayyan who said,
‘When the Eid presented’ – and he continued the Hadeeth up to its end’’.[19]
10- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْمُظَفَّرُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُوسَى قَالَ رَوَى أَصْحَابُنَا عَنِ الرِّضَا ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ كَيْفَ صِرْتَ إِلَى مَا صِرْتَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ كَأَنَّهُ أَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws – Al Muzaffar Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Ayyashi, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Nuseyr, from Al-Hassan Bin Musa who said, ‘It is reported by our companions,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, a man said to him-asws, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well! How did you-asws come to what you-asws came to, from Al-Mamoun?’ And it is as if he had disliked that upon him-asws.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع يَا هَذَا أَيُّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ النَّبِيُّ أَوِ الْوَصِيُّ قَالَ لَا بَلِ النَّبِيُّ قَالَ فَأَيُّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ مُسْلِمٌ أَوْ مُشْرِكٌ قَالَ لَا بَلْ مُسْلِمٌ
Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘O you! Which of the two is superior, the Prophet-saww of the successor-asws?’ He said, ‘No, but the Prophet-saww is’. He-asws said; ‘Which of the two is superior, a Muslim of a Polytheist?’ He said, ‘No, but a Muslim is’.
قَالَ فَإِنَّ الْعَزِيزَ عَزِيزَ مِصْرَ كَانَ مُشْرِكاً وَ كَانَ يُوسُفُ نَبِيّاً وَ إِنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ مُسْلِمٌ وَ أَنَا وَصِيٌّ وَ يُوسُفُ سَأَلَ الْعَزِيزَ أَنْ يُوَلِّيَهُ حِينَ قَالَ اجْعَلْنِي عَلى خَزائِنِ الْأَرْضِ إِنِّي حَفِيظٌ عَلِيمٌ وَ أَنَا أُجْبِرْتُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ.
He-asws said: ‘The governor of Egypt was a Polytheist and Yusuf-as was a Prophet-as, and Al-Mamoun is a Muslim and I-asws am a successor-asws, and Yusuf-as had asked the governor to place him-as in charge when he-as said: Make me (in charge) upon the treasures of the land, I am a knowledgeable protector [12:55]. And I-asws am being forced upon that’’.[20]
11- شا، الإرشاد ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنْ جَدِّهِ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ بِخُرَاسَانَ مَعَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ فَسَمِعْتُ أَنَّ ذَا الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ سَهْلٍ خَرَجَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ وَا عَجَبَا لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ عَجَباً سَلُونِي مَا رَأَيْتُ فَقَالُوا مَا رَأَيْتَ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ
(The book) ‘Al Irshad’, (and) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Alawy, from his grandfather Yahya Bin Al-Hassan Bin Musa Bin Salamah who said,
‘I was at Khurasan with Muhammad Bin Ja’far and I heard the one with the two governances Al-Fazl Bin Sahl come out one day and he was saying, ‘Oh how strange! I have seen a wonder, ask me what I have seen!’ They said, ‘What have you seen? May Allah-azwj Keep you well!’
قَالَ رَأَيْتُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَقُولُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى ع قَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَنْ أُقَلِّدَكَ أَمْرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ أَفْسَخَ مَا فِي رَقَبَتِي وَ أَجْعَلَهُ فِي رَقَبَتِكَ وَ رَأَيْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى ع يَقُولُ لَهُ اللَّهَ اللَّهَ لَا طَاقَةَ لِي بِذَلِكَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ
He said, ‘I have seen commander of the faithful saying to Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws, ‘I have viewed that I should collar you-asws with the command of the Muslims, and revoke what is in my neck and make it to be in your-asws neck’. And I saw Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws saying to him: ‘Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj! There is neither power for me-asws with that nor any strength’.
فَمَا رَأَيْتُ خِلَافَةً قَطُّ كَانَتْ أَضْيَعَ مِنْهَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَتَفَصَّى مِنْهَا وَ يَعْرِضُهَا عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى يَرْفُضُهَا وَ يَأْبَى.
I have not seen a caliphate at all to be more wasted that it. Commander of the faithful was coming out from it and presenting it to Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws, and Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws was rejecting it and refusing’’.[21]
12- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْهَمَدَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الرَّيَّانِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ قَالَ: أَكْثَرَ النَّاسُ فِي بَيْعَةِ الرِّضَا ع مِنَ الْقُوَّادِ وَ الْعَامَّةِ وَ مَنْ لَا يُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ وَ قَالُوا إِنَّ هَذَا مِنْ تَدْبِيرِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ ذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws – Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Al Rayyan Bin Al Salt who said,
‘Most of the people were in the allegiance of Al-Reza-asws, from the leaders and the general public, and there were ones who did not like that, and they said, ‘This is from the management of Al-Fazl Bin Sahl with the two governances’.
فَبَلَغَ الْمَأْمُونَ ذَلِكَ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ فِي جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ فَصِرْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَيَّانُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ بَيْعَةَ الرِّضَا ع كَانَتْ مِنْ تَدْبِيرِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَقُولُونَ هَذَا
That reached Al-Mamoun. He sent for me in the middle of the night, and I went to him. He said, ‘O Rayyan! It has reached me that the people are saying, ‘The allegiance of Al-Reza-asws was from the management of Al-Fazl Bin Sahl’?’ I said, ‘O commander of the faithful! They are saying this’.
قَالَ وَيْحَكَ يَا رَيَّانُ أَ يَجْسُرُ أَحَدٌ أَنْ يَجِيءَ إِلَى خَلِيفَةٍ قَدِ اسْتَقَامَتْ لَهُ الرَّعِيَّةُ وَ الْقُوَّادُ وَ اسْتَوَتْ لَهُ الْخِلَافَةُ فَيَقُولَ لَهُ ادْفَعِ الْخِلَافَةَ مِنْ يَدِكَ إِلَى غَيْرِكَ أَ يَجُوزُ هَذَا فِي الْعَقْلِ قُلْتُ لَهُ لَا وَ اللَّهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا يَجْسُرُ عَلَى هَذَا أَحَدٌ
He said, ‘Woe be to you, O Rayyan! Is anyone audacious enough to come to a caliph, the citizens and the leaders are standing for him, and the caliphate is stable for him, and saying to him, ‘Hand over the caliphate from your hands to someone else’. Is this allowed in the intellect?’ I said to him, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, O commander of the faithful! No one is audacious upon this’.
قَالَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانَ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ وَ لَكِنْ سَأُخْبِرُكَ بِسَبَبِ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ مُحَمَّدٌ أَخِي يَأْمُرُنِي بِالْقَدُومِ عَلَيْهِ فَأَبَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ عَقَدَ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ مَاهَانَ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُقَيِّدَنِي بِقَيْدٍ وَ يَجْعَلَ الْجَامِعَةَ فِي عُنُقِي
He said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj! It did not happen as what they are saying, but I shall inform you with the cause of that. When my brother Muhammad (Al-Ameen) wrote to me ordering me with coming to him, I refused to him a pact for Ali Bin Musa Bin Mahan, and he ordered him to bind me in chains and make a fetter be in my neck.
فَوَرَدَ عَلَيَّ بِذَلِكَ الْخَبَرِ وَ بَعَثْتُ هَرْثَمَةَ بْنَ أَعْيَنَ إِلَى سِجِسْتَانَ وَ كِرْمَانَ وَ مَا وَالاهُمَا فَأَفْسَدَ عَلَيَّ أَمْرِي وَ انْهَزَمَ هَرْثَمَةُ وَ خَرَجَ صَاحِبُ السَّرِيرِ وَ غَلَبَ عَلَى كُوَرِ خُرَاسَانَ مِنْ نَاحِيَتِهِ فَوَرَدَ عَلَيَّ هَذَا كُلُّهُ فِي أُسْبُوعٍ
The news came to me with that, and I sent Harsama Bin Ayn to Sijistan and Kirman, and was ruled with them. He spoiled my matter upon me and Harsama was defeated, and the owner of the throne came out and overcame upon the town of Khurasan from its corner. All this came upon me in a week.
فَلَمَّا وَرَدَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيَّ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِي قُوَّةٌ بِذَلِكَ وَ لَا كَانَ لِي مَالٌ أَتَقَوَّى بِهِ وَ رَأَيْتُ مِنْ قُوَّادِي وَ رِجَالِيَ الْفَشَلَ وَ الْجُبْنَ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَلْحَقَ بِمَلِكِ كَابُلَ فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي مَلِكُ كَابُلَ رجُلٌ كَافِرٌ وَ يَبْذُلُ مُحَمَّدٌ لَهُ الْأَمْوَالَ فَيَدْفَعُنِي إِلَى يَدِهِ
When that was referred to me, there was no strength for me with that, nor was there any wealth for me I could be strengthened with, and I saw the failure and the cowardice from my leaders and my men. I wanted to join with the king of Kabul. I said within myself, ‘The king of Kabul is a Kafir and Muhammad has spent the wealth for him, so he would push me into his hands’.
فَلَمْ أَجِدْ وَجْهاً أَفْضَلَ مِنْ أَنْ أَتُوبَ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ ذُنُوبِي وَ أَسْتَعِينَ بِهِ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْأُمُورِ وَ أَسْتَجِيرَ بِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَأَمَرْتُ بِهَذَا الْبَيْتِ وَ أَشَارَ إِلَى بَيْتٍ تُكْنَسُ وَ صَبَبْتُ عَلَيَّ الْمَاءَ وَ لَبِسْتُ ثَوْبَيْنِ أَبْيَضَيْنِ وَ صَلَّيْتُ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ
I did not find any direction better than to repent to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic from my sins and seek Assistance by Him-azwj upon these matters, and I sought the choice of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic with this house, and indicated to the house of sweepings, and I poured the water upon me and wore two white clothes, and I prayed four Cycles Salat.
قَرَأْتُ فِيهَا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ مَا حَضَرَنِي وَ دَعَوْتُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ اسْتَجَرْتُ بِهِ وَ عَاهَدْتُهُ عَهْداً وَثِيقاً بِنِيَّةٍ صَادِقَةٍ إِنْ أَفْضَى اللَّهُ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ إِلَيَّ وَ كَفَانِي عَادِيَتَهُ وَ هَذِهِ الْأُمُورَ الْغَلِيظَةَ أَنْ أَضَعَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فِي مَوْضِعِهِ الَّذِي وَضَعَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهِ
I read in it from the Quran what cautioned me, and I supplicated to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and I hired him and pacted a heavy pact with sincere intention that if Allah-azwj were to Give this command to me, and suffice me, I shall fulfil it, and these affairs are harsh, that I shall place this command in its place which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Placed it in.
ثُمَّ قَوِيَ فِيهِ قَلْبِي فَبَعَثْتُ طَاهِراً إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ هامان [مَاهَانَ] فَكَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَا كَانَ وَ رَدَدْتُ هَرْثَمَةَ إِلَى رَافِعِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ فَظَفِرَ بِهِ وَ قَتَلَهُ وَ بَعَثْتُ إِلَى صَاحِبِ السَّرِيرِ فَهَادَنْتُهُ وَ بَذَلْتُ لَهُ شَيْئاً حَتَّى رَجَعَ
Then my heart was strengthened regarding it, so I sent Tahir to Ali Bin Isa Bin Haman. It happen from his matter what happened, and I returned Harsama to Rafie bin Ayn. He was victorious with him and killed him. And I sent a message to the owner of the throne and calmed him down and spent something for him until he returned.
فَلَمْ يَزَلْ أَمْرِي يَقْوَى حَتَّى كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ مُحَمَّدٍ مَا كَانَ وَ أَفْضَى اللَّهُ إِلَيَّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ اسْتَوَى لِي فَلَمَّا وَافَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِي بِمَا عَاهَدْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ أَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ أَفِيَ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى بِمَا عَاهَدْتُهُ
My matter did not cease to be strengthened until it happened from the matter of Muhammad (Al-Ameen) what happened, and Allah-azwj Gave this command to me and Stabilised it for me. When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Fulfilled for me with what I had pacted to Him-azwj upon, I loved to fulfil to Allah-azwj the Exalted with what I had pacted to Him-azwj.
فَلَمْ أَرَ أَحَداً أَحَقَّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع فَوَضَعْتُهَا فِيهِ فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْهَا إِلَّا عَلَى مَا قَدْ عَلِمْتَ فَهَذَا كَانَ سَبَبَهَا
I did not see anyone more rightful with this command that Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, so I placed it in him-asws. But he-asws did not accept it except upon what you have known. So this was its cause’.
فَقُلْتُ وَفَّقَ اللَّهُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ يَا رَيَّانُ إِذَا كَانَ غَداً وَ حَضَرَ النَّاسُ فَاقْعُدْ بَيْنَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقُوَّادِ وَ حَدِّثْهُمْ بِفَضْلِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Harmonise commander of the faithful!’ He said, ‘O Rayyan! When it will be tomorrow morning and the people are present, then sit between these leaders and narrate to them with the merits of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.
فَقُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا أُحْسِنُ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ شَيْئاً إِلَّا مَا سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْكَ فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَا أَجِدُ أَحَداً يُعِينُنِي عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَجْعَلَ أَهْلَ قُمَّ شِعَارِي وَ دِثَارِي
I said, ‘O commander of the faithful! I am not good with the Hadeeth of anything except what I have heard from you!’ He said, ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! I cannot find anyone appropriate upon this command. I am thinking of making the people of Qum as my consultants and my cushion’.
فَقُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنَا أُحَدِّثُ عَنْكَ بِمَا سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْكَ مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ حَدِّثْ عَنِّي بِمَا سَمِعْتَهُ مِنِّي مِنَ الْفَضَائِلِ
I said, ‘O commander of the faithful! Can I narrated from you with what I have heard from you, from the Ahadeeth?’ He said, ‘Yes, you can narrate from me with what you have heard from me, from the merits (of Ali-asws)’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ قَعَدْتُ بَيْنَ الْقُوَّادِ فِي الدَّارِ: فَقُلْتُ حَدَّثَنِي أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ:
When it was the next morning, I sat between the leaders in the house. I said, ‘Commander of the faithful narrated to me from his father, from his forefathers that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One whose Master I-saww am, so Ali-asws is his Master!’
حَدَّثَنِي أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: عَلِيٌّ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى
Commander of the faithful narrated to me from his father, from his forefathers who said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Ali-asws is from me-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as!’
وَ كُنْتُ أُخَلِّطُ الْحَدِيثَ بَعْضَهُ بِبَعْضٍ لَا أَحْفَظُهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ وَ حَدَّثْتُ بِحَدِيثِ خَيْبَرَ وَ بِهَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثِ الْمَشْهُورَةِ فَقَالَ لِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَالِكٍ الْخُزَاعِيُّ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ عَلِيّاً كَانَ رَجُلًا صَالِحاً وَ كَانَ الْمَأْمُونُ قَدْ بَعَثَ غُلَاماً إِلَى الْمَجْلِسِ يَسْمَعُ الْكَلَامَ فَيُؤَدِّيهِ إِلَيْهِ
And I was mixing up the Ahadeeth with each other, not having memorised upon their aspects, and I narrated the Hadeeth of Khyber, and with these famous Ahadeeth. Abdullah Bin Malik Al-Khuzaie said to me, ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on Ali-asws. He-asws was a righteous man, and Al-Mamoun has sent a boy to the gathering for the speech to be heard, and he is fulfilling to him’.
قَالَ الرَّيَّانُ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ الْمَأْمُونُ فَدَخَلْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا رَآنِي قَالَ يَا رَيَّانُ مَا أَرْوَاكَ لِلْأَحَادِيثِ وَ أَحْفَظَكَ لَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي مَا قَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَالِكٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ عَلِيّاً كَانَ رَجُلًا صَالِحاً وَ اللَّهِ لَأَقْتُلَنَّهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
Al-Rayyan said, ‘Al-Mamoun sent for me, so I entered to see him. When he saw me, he said, ‘O Rayyan! How reporting you are of the Ahadeeth and how preserving of these!’ Then he said, ‘It has reached me what the Jew Abdullah Bin Malik saw in his words, ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on Ali-asws. He-asws was a righteous man. By Allah-azwj, I shall be killing him-asws, if Allah-azwj so Desires’.
وَ كَانَ هِشَامُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الرَّاشِدِيُّ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ مِنْ أَخَصِّ النَّاسِ عِنْدَ الرِّضَا ع مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يُحْمَلَ وَ كَانَ عَالِماً أَدِيباً لَبِيباً وَ كَانَتْ أُمُورُ الرِّضَا ع تَجْرِي مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَ عَلَى يَدِهِ وَ يَصِيرُ الْأَمْوَالُ مِنَ النَّوَاحِي كُلِّهَا إِلَيْهِ قَبْلَ حَمْلِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع
And Hisham Bin Ibrahim Al-Rashidy Al-Hamdany was from the most special of the people in the presence of Al-Reza-asws, from before he-asws had been taken, and he was a scholar with etiquette and understanding, and the affairs of Al-Reza-asws used to flow from him-asws and upon his hands, and the wealth from the areas was coming to him, all of it, before Abu Al-Hassan-asws had been taken.
فَلَمَّا حُمِلَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع اتَّصَلَ هِشَامُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بِذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ فَقَرَّبَهُ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ وَ أَدْنَاهُ فَكَانَ يَنْقُلُ أَخْبَارَ الرِّضَا ع إِلَى ذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ وَ الْمَأْمُونِ فَحَظِيَ بِذَلِكَ عِنْدَهُمَا وَ كَانَ لَا يُخْفِي عَلَيْهِمَا مِنْ أَخْبَارِهِ شَيْئاً
When Abu Al-Hassan-asws was taken, Hisham Bin Ibrahim connected with Zul Riyasateyn. Zul Riyasateyn welcomed him and drew him near, and he used to transmit the news of Al-Reza-asws to Zul Riyasateyn, and Al-Mamoun was honoured due to that in their presence, and he would not hide unto them anything from his-asws news.
فَوَلَّاهُ الْمَأْمُونُ حِجَابَةَ الرِّضَا ع وَ كَانَ لَا يَصِلُ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع إِلَّا مَنْ أَحَبَّ وَ ضَيَّقَ عَلَى الرِّضَا ع فَكَانَ مَنْ يَقْصِدُهُ مِنْ مَوَالِيهِ لَا يَصِلُ إِلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُ الرِّضَا ع فِي دَارِهِ بِشَيْءٍ إِلَّا أَوْرَدَهُ هِشَامٌ عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ وَ ذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ
Al-Mamoun placed him in charge of the guards of Al-Reza-asws, and no one would arrive to Al-Reza-asws except the one he liked, and he was restrictive upon Al-Reza-asws. So, the one from his-asws friends who aimed to him-asws could not arrive to him-asws, and Al-Reza-asws would not speak with anything in his-asws house except Hisham would report it to Al-Mamoun and Zul Riyasateyn.
وَ جَعَلَ الْمَأْمُونُ الْعَبَّاسَ ابْنَهُ فِي حَجْرِ هِشَامٍ وَ قَالَ أَدِّبْهُ فَسُمِّيَ هِشَامَ الْعَبَّاسِيِّ لِذَلِكَ
And Al-Mamoun made his son Al-Abbas to be in the room of Hisham and said, ‘Discipline him!’ So Hisham was named as Al-Abbasy due to that.
قَالَ وَ أَظْهَرَ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ عَدَاوَةً شَدِيدَةً لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع وَ حَسَدَهُ عَلَى مَا كَانَ الْمَأْمُونُ يُفَضِّلُهُ بِهِ فَأَوَّلُ مَا ظَهَرَ لِذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ مِنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع أَنَّ ابْنَةَ عَمِّ الْمَأْمُونِ كَانَتْ تُحِبُّهُ وَ كَانَ يُحِبُّهَا وَ كَانَ مَفْتَحُ بَابِ حُجْرَتِهَا إِلَى مَجْلِسِ الْمَأْمُونِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And Zul Riyasateyn manifested severe enmity to Abu Al-Hassan-asws and envied him-asws upon what Al-Mamoun had preferred him-asws with. Then first of what appeared for Zul Riyasateyn from Abu Al-Hassan-asws was that a daughter of an uncle of Al-Mamoun used to love him-asws and he-asws was loving her, and the keys to the door of her room was by the seat of Al-Mamoun.
وَ كَانَتْ تَمِيلُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع وَ تُحِبُّهُ وَ تَذْكُرُ ذَا الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ وَ تَقَعُ فِيهِ فَقَالَ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ حِينَ بَلَغَهُ ذِكْرُهَا لَهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُونَ بَابُ دَارِ النِّسَاءِ مُشْرَعاً إِلَى مَجْلِسِكَ فَأَمَرَ الْمَأْمُونُ بِسَدِّهِ
And she used to incline towards Abu Al-Hassan-asws and love him-asws and she mentioned Zul Riyasateyn and spoke badly regarding him. Zul Riyasateyn said when her mentioning of him reached to him, ‘It is not appropriate that a door of the room of the women should be unlocked to your gathering’. Al-Mamoun ordered with closing it.
وَ كَانَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَأْتِي الرِّضَا ع يَوْماً وَ الرِّضَا ع يَأْتِي الْمَأْمُونَ يَوْماً وَ كَانَ مَنْزِلُ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع بِجَنْبِ مَنْزِلِ الْمَأْمُونِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ وَ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْبَابِ مَسْدُوداً قَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا هَذَا الْبَابُ الَّذِي سَدَدْتَهُ فَقَالَ رَأَى الْفَضْلُ ذَلِكَ وَ كَرِهَهُ
And Al-Mamoun used to come to Al-Reza-asws one day and Al-Reza-asws would go to Al-Mamoun one day, and the house of Abu Al-Hassan-asws was by the side of the house of Al-Mamoun. When Abu Al-Hassan-asws entered to see Al-Mamoun and looked at the closed door, he-asws said: ‘O commander of the faithful! What is this door which you have closed?’ He said, ‘A view of Al-Fazl and I dislike it’.
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ مَا لِلْفَضْلِ وَ الدُّخُولِ بَيْنَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ حَرَمِهِ قَالَ فَمَا تَرَى قَالَ فَتْحَهُ وَ الدُّخُولَ عَلَى ابْنَةِ عَمِّكَ وَ لَا تَقْبَلْ قَوْلَ الْفَضْلِ فِيمَا لَا يَحِلُّ وَ لَا يَسَعُ
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj! What is it to do with Al-Fazl and the entry between commander of the faithful and his sanctimonious ones?’ He said, ‘So what is your-asws view?’ He said, ‘Open it and the entry to the daughter of your uncle, and do not accept the word of Al-Fazl in what is neither permissible nor is there any leeway for it!’
فَأَمَرَ الْمَأْمُونُ بِهَدْمِهِ وَ دَخَلَ عَلَى ابْنَةِ عَمِّهِ فَبَلَغَ الْفَضْلَ ذَلِكَ فَغَمَّهُ.
Al-Mamoun ordered with demolishing it, and he entered to see the daughter of his uncle. That reached Al-Fazl and it saddened him’’.[22]
13- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْهَمَدَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ يَاسِرٍ الْخَادِمِ قَالَ: كَانَ الرِّضَا ع إِذَا رَجَعَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ مِنَ الْجَامِعِ وَ قَدْ أَصَابَهُ الْعَرَقُ وَ الْغُبَارُ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ فَرَجِي مِمَّا أَنَا فِيهِ بِالْمَوْتِ فَعَجِّلْ لِيَ السَّاعَةَ وَ لَمْ يَزَلْ مَغْمُوماً مَكْرُوباً إِلَى أَنْ قُبِضَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Yasser the servant who said,
‘When Al-Reza-asws returned from the central Masjid on the day of Friday, and the swear and the dust had hit him-asws. He-asws raised his-asws hand and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! If my-asws relief from what (predicament) I-asws am in is to be with the death, then Hasten it to me now!’ And he-asws did not cease to be saddened, worried, until he-asws passed away, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws’’.[23]
14- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الدَّقَّاقُ عَنِ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْمَكِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَرَفَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا ع يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى الدُّخُولِ فِي وِلَايَةِ الْعَهْدِ فَقَالَ مَا حَمَلَ جَدِّي أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَلَى الدُّخُولِ فِي الشُّورَى.
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Daqqaq, from Al Asady, from Al Barmakky, from Muhammad Bin Arafah who said,
‘I said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! What carried you-asws upon entering into being the heir apparent?’ He-asws said: ‘(The same as) What carried my-asws grandfather-asws Amir Al-Momineen-asws upon the entering into the consultation’’.[24]
15- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْوَرَّاقُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْهَرَوِيِّ قَالَ: وَ اللَّهِ مَا دَخَلَ الرِّضَا ع فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ طَائِعاً وَ قَدْ حُمِلَ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ مُكْرَهاً ثُمَّ أُشْخِصَ مِنْهَا عَلَى طَرِيقِ الْبَصْرَةِ وَ فَارِسَ إِلَى مَرْوَ.
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Waraq, from Ali, from his father, from Al Harwy who said,
‘By Allah-azwj! Al-Reza-asws did not enter into this command willingly, and he-asws had been carried to Al-Kufa forcefully. Then he-asws was escorted from it to the road of Al-Bara and Persian to Merv’’.[25]
16- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنِ الصُّولِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُبْدُونٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا بَايَعَ الْمَأْمُونُ الرِّضَا ع بِالْعَهْدِ أَجْلَسَهُ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ فَقَامَ الْعَبَّاسُ الْخَطِيبُ فَتَكَلَّمَ فَأَحْسَنَ ثُمَّ خَتَمَ ذَلِكَ بِأَنْ أَنْشَدَ
| لَا بُدَّ لِلنَّاسِ مِنْ شَمْسٍ وَ مِنْ قَمَرٍ | فَأَنْتَ شَمْسٌ وَ هَذَا ذَلِكَ الْقَمَرُ |
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Bayhaqi, from Al Sowly, from Muhammad Bin Yazeed Al Nahwy, from Ibn Abu Ubdoun, from his father who said,
‘When Al-Mamoun took the allegiances for Al-Reza-asws with the pact, seated him-asws to his side. Al-Abbas the speaker said. He spoke and was good, then he ended that by recited (a couplet), ‘There is no escape for the people from having a sun and a moon, and you-asws are a sun this one is that moon’’.[26]
17- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنِ الصُّولِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا بُويِعَ الرِّضَا ع بِالْعَهْدِ اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ يُهَنِّئُونَهُ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَأَنْصَتُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ بَعْدَ أَنِ اسْتَمَعَ كَلَامَهُمْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الْفَعَّالِ لِمَا يَشَاءُ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Bayhaqi, from Al Sowly, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Is’haq, from his father who said,
‘When Al-Reza-asws was pledged to with the pact, the people gathered to him-asws congratulating him-asws. He-asws gestured to them, and they were silent. Then he-asws said after having listened to their speeches: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent the Merciful! The Praise is for Allah-azwj the Doer of whatever He-azwj so Desires.
لا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكْمِهِ وَ لَا رَادَّ لِقَضَائِهِ يَعْلَمُ خائِنَةَ الْأَعْيُنِ وَ ما تُخْفِي الصُّدُورُ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ فِي الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ الْآخِرِينَ وَ عَلَى آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ
There is neither any hindrance to His-azwj Judgment nor any rebuttal to His-azwj Decree. He Knows the treachery of the eyes and what the chests conceal [40:19] and may Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww among the former ones and the latter ones, and upon his-saww goodly progeny-asws.
أَقُولُ وَ أَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَضَدَهُ اللَّهُ بِالسَّدَادِ وَ وَفَّقَهُ لِلرَّشَادِ عَرَفَ مِنْ حَقِّنَا مَا جَهِلَهُ غَيْرُهُ فَوَصَلَ أَرْحَاماً قُطِعَتْ وَ آمَنَ أَنْفُساً فَزِعَتْ بَلْ أَحْيَاهَا وَ قَدْ تَلِفَتْ وَ أَغْنَاهَا إِذَا افْتَقَرَتْ مُبْتَغِياً رِضَا رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ لَا يُرِيدُ جَزَاءً مِنْ غَيْرِهِ وَ سَيَجْزِي اللَّهُ الشَّاكِرِينَ وَ لا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ
I-asws am saying, and I-asws am Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, that commander of the faithful, may Allah-azwj Assist him with the Guidance and Harmonise him with the rightful guidance for him to recognise from our-asws rights what others are ignorant of. So he connected the kinship which had been cut off and secured the souls which had feared. But he revived them and turned and enriched them when they had been impoverished, seeking the Pleasure of Lord-azwj of the worlds, not wanting the reward from others: and Allah would be Recompensing the grateful [3:144], and He-azwj does not Waste a Recompense of the good doers [9:120].
وَ إِنَّهُ جَعَلَ إِلَيَّ عَهْدَهُ وَ الْإِمْرَةَ الْكُبْرَى إِنْ بَقِيتُ بَعْدَهُ فَمَنْ حَلَّ عُقْدَةً أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِشَدِّهَا وَ فَصَمَ عُرْوَةً أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ إِيثَاقَهَا فَقَدْ أَبَاحَ حَرِيمَهُ وَ أَحَلَّ حُرَمَهُ إِذْ كَانَ بِذَلِكَ زَارِياً عَلَى الْإِمَامِ مُنْهَتِكاً حُرْمَةَ الْإِسْلَامِ بِذَلِكَ
And he has made his pact to me-asws and the great rule if I-asws were to remain after him. So the one who loosens a knot which Allah-azwj the Exalted has Commanded with tying it and breaks a handhold Allah-azwj Loves its holding, so he as legalised His-azwj Sanctity and permitted His-azwj Prohibition, when he was a visitor to the Imam-asws violating the sanctity of Al-Islam with that.
جَرَى السَّالِفُ فَصَبَرَ مِنْهُ عَلَى الْفَلَتَاتِ وَ لَمْ يَتَعَرَّضْ بَعْدَهَا عَلَى الْعَزَمَاتِ خَوْفاً مِنْ شَتَاتِ الدِّينِ وَ اضْطِرَابِ حَمْلِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لِقُرْبِ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَ رَصَدِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فُرْصَةً تَنْتَهِزُ وَ بَائِقَةً تَبْتَدِرُ وَ ما أَدْرِي ما يُفْعَلُ بِي وَ لا بِكُمْ إِنِ الْحُكْمُ إِلَّا لِلَّهِ يَقُصُّ الْحَقَّ وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الْفاصِلِينَ.
The predecessor ran and he was patient from him upon the slips and after it he did not succumb to the intentions fearing from the scattering of the religion, and restlessness carried entirety of the Muslims, and due to the nearness of the matter of the pre-Islamic period, and the hypocrites were watching out for the opportunity to seize and rushed to cause distress: and I don’t know what is to transpire with me and with you all. [46:9] The Decision is only for Allah. He Relates the Truth, and He is the best of the Deciders’ [6:57]’’.[27]
18- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنِ الصُّولِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي الْمَوْجِ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ الرَّازِيُّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي حَفِظَ مِنَّا مَا ضَيَّعَ النَّاسُ وَ رَفَعَ مِنَّا مَا وَضَعُوهُ حَتَّى قَدْ لُعِنَّا عَلَى مَنَابِرِ الْكُفْرِ ثَمَانِينَ عَاماً وَ كُتِمَتْ فَضَائِلُنَا وَ بُذِلَتِ الْأَمْوَالُ فِي الْكَذِبِ عَلَيْنَا وَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَأْبَى لَنَا إِلَّا أَنْ يُعْلِيَ ذِكْرَنَا وَ يُبَيِّنَ فَضْلَنَا
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Bayhaqi, from Al Sowly who said, ‘It is narrated to me by Muhammad Bin Abu Al Mawj Abu Al-Husayn Al Razy who said, ‘I heard my father saying,
‘It is narrated to me from the one who heard Al-Reza-asws saying: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Preserved from us-asws what the people had wasted and Raised from us-asws what they had dropped to the extent that we-asws were cursed upon the pulpits of Kufr for eighty years, and our-asws merits were concealed, and the wealth was spent in the lying upon us-asws, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Refused for us-asws except that He-azwj would Exalt our-asws mention and Manifest our-asws merits.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا هَذَا بِنَا وَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَرَابَتِنَا مِنْهُ حَتَّى صَارَ أَمْرُنَا وَ مَا نَرْوِي عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ بَعْدَنَا مِنْ أَعْظَمِ آيَاتِهِ وَ دَلَالاتِ نُبُوَّتِهِ.
By Allah-azwj! This is not due to us-asws, and rather it is due to Rasool-Allah-saww, and our kinship from him-saww, until our-asws matter came, and what we-asws are reporting from him-saww. There shall be happening after us-asws from the mightiest of his-saww signs and evidence of his-saww Prophet-hood’’.[28]
19- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام قَدْ ذَكَرَ قَوْمٌ أَنَّ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ سَهْلٍ أَشَارَ عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ بِأَنْ يَجْعَلَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع وَلِيَّ عَهْدِهِ مِنْهُمْ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ السَّلَامِيُّ فَإِنَّهُ ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ فِي كِتَابِهِ الَّذِي صَنَّفَهُ فِي أَخْبَارِ خُرَاسَانَ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ –
‘A group mentioned that Al-Fazl Bin Sahl consulted to Al-Mamoun that he should make Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws his heir-apparent, from them was Abu Ali Al-Husayn Bin Ahmad Al-Salamy. He mentioned that in his book which he had written regarding the news of Khurasan.
قَالَ فَكَانَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ وَزِيرَ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ مُدَبِّرَ أُمُورِهِ وَ كَانَ مَجُوسِيّاً فَأَسْلَمَ عَلَى يَدَيْ يَحْيَى بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْمَكِيِّ وَ صَحِبَهُ وَ قِيلَ بَلْ أَسْلَمَ سَهْلٌ وَالِدُ الْفَضْلِ عَلَى يَدَيِ الْمَهْدِيِّ وَ إِنَّ الْفَضْلَ اخْتَارَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْمَكِيُّ لِخِدْمَةِ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ ضَمَّهُ إِلَيْهِ
He said, ‘Al-Fazl Bin Sahl Zul Riyasateyn was a minister of Al-Mamoun and manager of his affairs, and he was a Zoroastrian. He became a Muslim upon the hands of Yahya Bin Khalid Al-Barmakky and accompanied him. And it is said, ‘But Sahl, father of Al-Fazl became a Muslim upon the hands of Al-Mahdy (caliph), and that Yahya Bin Khalid Al-Barmakky had chosen Al-Fazl to serve Al-Mamoun and guaranteed him to him’.
فَتَغَلَّبَ عَلَيْهِ وَ اسْتَبَدَّ بِالْأَمْرِ دُونَهُ وَ إِنَّمَا لُقِّبَ بِذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ لِأَنَّهُ تَقَلَّدَ الْوِزَارَةَ وَ رِئَاسَةَ الْجُنْدِ
He overcame upon him and domineered with the command besides him, and rather he was titled as Zul Riyasateyn (One with two governances) because he had been collared with the ministry and governance of the army.
فَقَالَ الْفَضْلُ حِينَ اسْتَخْلَفَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَوْماً لِبَعْضِ مَنْ كَانَ يُعَاشِرُهُ أَيْنَ يَقَعُ فِعْلِي فِيمَا أَتَيْتُهُ مِنْ فِعْلِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ فِيمَا أَتَاهُ
One day, when Al-Mamoun had kept him in charge, Al-Fazl said to someone he used to consult, ‘When does my deeds fall among what I have done, from the deeds of Abu Muslim, among what he has done?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَبَا مُسْلِمٍ حَوَّلَهَا مِنْ قَبِيلَةٍ إِلَى قَبِيلَةٍ وَ أَنْتَ حَوَّلْتَهَا مِنْ أَخٍ إِلَى أَخٍ وَ بَيْنَ الْحَالَتَيْنِ مَا تَعْلَمُهُ
He said, ‘Abu Muslim transferred it from a tribe to a tribe, and you transferred it from a brother to a brother, and between the two situations, is what you know’.
قَالَ الْفَضْلُ فَإِنِّي أُحَوِّلُهَا مِنْ قَبِيلَةٍ إِلَى قَبِيلَةٍ ثُمَّ أَشَارَ عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ بِأَنْ يَجْعَلَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع وَلِيَّ عَهْدِهِ فَبَايَعَهُ وَ أَسْقَطَ بَيْعَةَ الْمُؤْتَمَنِ أَخِيهِ وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع وَرَدَ عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ وَ هُوَ بِخُرَاسَانَ سَنَةَ مِائَتَيْنِ عَلَى طَرِيقِ الْبَصْرَةِ وَ فَارِسَ مَعَ رَجَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي الضَّحَّاكِ
Al-Fazl said, ‘I transferred it from a tribe to a tribe, then I consulted upon Al-Mamoun that he should make Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws to be his heir apparent. So, he pledged for him, so the allegiance of his brother Al-Mu’tamin lapsed, and Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws arrived to Al-Mamoun and he was at Khurasan in the year two hundred, upon the road of Al-Basra and Persian with Raja’a Bin Abu Al-Zahhak.
وَ كَانَ الرِّضَا ع مُتَزَوِّجاً بِابْنَةِ الْمَأْمُونِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ خَبَرُهُ الْعَبَّاسِيِّينَ بِبَغْدَادَ سَاءَهُمْ ذَلِكَ فَأَخْرَجُوا إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ الْمَهْدِيِّ وَ بَايَعُوهُ بِالْخِلَافَةِ
And Al-Reza-asws was headed to Al-Mamoun with his-asws son-asws. When his-asws news reached the Abbasids, that saddened them, and they sent out Ibrahim Bin Al-Mahdi and pledged to him with the caliphate.
فَفِيهِ يَقُولُ دِعْبِلٌ الْخُزَاعِيُ
| يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَجْنَادِ لَا تَقْنَطُوا- | خُذُوا عَطَايَاكُمْ وَ لَا تَسْخَطُوا- | |
| فَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكُمْ حَنِينِيَّةً- | يَلَذُّهَا الْأَمْرَدُ وَ الْأَشْمَطُ- | |
| وَ الْمَعْبَدِيَّاتِ لِقُوَّادِكُمْ- | لَا تَدْخُلُ الْكِيسَ وَ لَا تُرْبَطُ- | |
| وَ هَكَذَا يَرْزُقُ أَصْحَابَهُ- | خَلِيفَةٌ مُصْحَفُهُ الْبَرْبَطُ |
Deobel Al-Khuzaie said regarding him, ‘O community of soldiers, do not despair! Take your awards and do not be angered. Soon he will be giving you the bounties, its taste would be the most despairing and the most humiliating, and sanctuaries for your leaders, will neither enter the sack nor be tied. And like this he graces his companions, replacing the Quran with the music’.
وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْمَهْدِيَّ كَانَ مُولَعاً بِضَرْبِ الْعُودِ مُنْهَمِكاً بِالشَّرَابِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْمَأْمُونَ خَبَرُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلِمَ أَنَّ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ سَهْلٍ أَخْطَأَ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَشَارَ بِغَيْرِ الصَّوَابِ فَخَرَجَ مِنْ مَرْوَ مُنْصَرِفاً إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ وَ احْتَالَ عَلَى الْفَضْلِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ حَتَّى قَتَلَهُ غَالِبٌ خَالُ الْمَأْمُونِ فِي الْحَمَّامِ بِسَرَخْسَ مُغَافَصَةً فِي شَعْبَانَ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ
And that is because Ibrahim Al-Mahdy was fond of striking the lute and occupied with the drink (wine). When the news of Ibrahim reached Al-Mamoun, he knew that Al-Fazl Bin Shal had erred upon him, and he had consulted with other than the correctness. He went out from Merv leaving to go to Al-Iraq and tricked upon Al-Fazl Bin Sahl until Ghalib, a maternal uncle of Al-Mamoun killed him in the bathhouse at Sarakhsa during Shaban of the year two hundred and three.
وَ احْتَالَ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع حَتَّى سُمَّ فِي عِلَّةٍ كَانَتْ أَصَابَتْهُ فَمَاتَ وَ أَمَرَ بِدَفْنِهِ بِسَنَابَادَ مِنْ طُوسَ بِجَنْبِ قَبْرِ الرَّشِيدِ وَ ذَلِكَ فِي صَفَرِ ثَلَاثٍ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ وَ كَانَ ابْنَ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَ خَمْسِينَ سَنَةً وَ قِيلَ ابْنُ خَمْسٍ وَ خَمْسِينَ سَنَةً
And he played a trick upon Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws until he poisoned him-asws during an illness which had afflicted him-asws. So he-asws passed away, and he ordered him-asws to be buried at Sanabad from Toos by the side of the grave of Al-Rasheed during Safar of the year two hundred and three, and he-asws was fifty-two years old. And it is said he-asws was fifty-five years old.
هَذَا مَا حَكَاهُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ السَّلَامِيُّ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ الصَّحِيحُ عِنْدِي أَنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ إِنَّمَا وَلَّاهُ الْعَهْدَ وَ بَايَعَ لَهُ لِلنَّذْرِ الَّذِي قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهُ وَ أَنَّ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ سَهْلٍ لَمْ يَزَلْ مُعَادِياً وَ مُبْغِضاً لَهُ وَ كَارِهاً لِأَمْرِهِ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ مِنْ صَنَائِعِ آلِ بَرْمَكَ
This is what is narrated by Abu Ali Al-Husayn Bin Ahmad Al-Salamy in his book, and the correct is with me that Al-Mamoun had rather made him-asws his heir apparent and took allegiances for him due to the vow which its mention has preceded, and that Al-Fazl Bin Sahl did not cease to be inimical and hateful towards him-asws, and disliking of his-asws matter, because he was from the people of the progeny of Barmak.
وَ مَبْلَغُ سِنِّ الرِّضَا ع تِسْعٌ وَ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً وَ سِتَّةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ كَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ فِي سَنَةِ ثَلَاثٍ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ كَمَا قَدْ أَسْنَدْتُهُ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ.
And the extent of the age of Al-Reza-asws was of forty-nine years and six months, and his-asws expiry was in the year two hundred and three, just as I have attributed in this book’’.[29]
20- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ حُكَيْمٍ عَنْ مُعَمَّرِ بْنِ خَلَّادٍ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ لِيَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ انْظُرْ بَعْضَ مَنْ تَثِقُ بِهِ تُوَلِّيهِ هَذِهِ الْبُلْدَانَ الَّتِي قَدْ فَسَدَتْ عَلَيْنَا
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Al Ashary, from Muawiya Bin Hukeym, from Muammar Bin Khallad who said,
‘Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws said to me: ‘Al-Mamoun said to me-asws, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! Look at some of the ones you-asws are trusting with to rule these cities which have been spoilt upon us’.
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ تَفِي لِي وَ أَفِي لَكَ فَإِنِّي إِنَّمَا دَخَلْتُ فِيمَا دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَنْ لَا آمُرَ فِيهِ وَ لَا أَنْهَى وَ لَا أَعْزِلَ وَ لَا أُوَلِّيَ وَ لَا أَسِيرَ حَتَّى يُقَدِّمَنِيَ اللَّهُ قَبْلَكَ فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْخِلَافَةَ لَشَيْءٌ مَا حَدَّثَتْ بِهِ نَفْسِي
I-asws said to him: ‘You be loyal to me-asws and I-asws shall be loyal to you, for rather I-asws have entered into what I-asws have entered, based upon that I-asws will neither instruct in it nor forbid, nor remove nor appoint, nor will I-asws travel until Allah-azwj Advanced me-asws before you. By Allah-azwj! the caliphate is something my-asws soul had not considered it.
وَ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَتَرَدَّدُ فِي طُرُقِهَا عَلَى دَابَّتِي وَ إِنَّ أَهْلَهَا وَ غَيْرَهُمْ يَسْأَلُونِّيَ الْحَوَائِجَ فَأَقْضِيهَا لَهُمْ فَيَصِيرُونَ كَالْأَعْمَامِ لِي وَ إِنَّ كُتُبِي لَنَافِذَةٌ فِي الْأَمْصَارِ وَ مَا زِدْتَنِي فِي نِعْمَةٍ هِيَ عَلَيَّ مِنْ رَبِّي فَقَالَ أَفِي لَكَ.
And I-asws was at Al-Medina roaming in its streets upon my-asws animal, and its people and others were asking me-asws the needs, and I-asws was fulfilling these for them. So they became like the uncles to me-asws, and my-asws letters were implemented in the lands, and it (caliphate) has not increased me-asws in any Bounty upon me-asws from my-asws Lord-azwj’. He said, ‘I shall be loyal to you-asws’’.[30]
21- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الرَّازِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي الرَّيَّانُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ خَالُ الْمُعْتَصِمِ أَخُو مَارِدَةَ أَنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ لَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ الْبَيْعَةَ لِنَفْسِهِ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ لِلرِّضَا ع بِوِلَايَةِ الْعَهْدِ وَ لِلْفَضْلِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ بِالْوِزَارَةِ أَمَرَ بِثَلَاثَةِ كَرَاسِيَّ فَنُصِبَتْ لَهُمْ
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’, (and) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al-Husayn Bin Ahmad al Razy, from Ali Bin Muhammad Majaylawiya, from Al Barqy, from his father who said,
‘I was informed by Al-Rayyan Bin Shabeeb, maternal uncle of Al-Mu’tasim, brother of Maridah, that when Al-Mamoun wanted to take the allegiance for himself as ‘commander of the faithful’, and for Al-Reza-asws for being the heir apparent, and for Al-Fazl Bin Sahl as a minister, he ordered for three chairs. These were installed for them.
فَلَمَّا قَعَدُوا عَلَيْهَا أَذِنَ لِلنَّاسِ فَدَخَلُوا يُبَايِعُونَ فَكَانُوا يُصَفِّقُونَ بِأَيْمَانِهِمْ عَلَى أَيْمَانِ الثَّلَاثَةِ مِنْ أَعْلَى الْإِبْهَامِ إِلَى الْخِنْصِرِ وَ يَخْرُجُونَ حَتَّى بَايَعَ فِي آخِرِ النَّاسِ فَتًى مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَصَفَّقَ بِيَمِينِهِ مِنَ الْخِنْصِرِ إِلَى أَعْلَى الْإِبْهَامِ
When they were seated upon these, it was permitted for the people. They entered and pledged allegiances. They were clapping with their right hand upon the three right hands, from the top of the thumb to the little finger, and they were going out, until among the last of the people to pledge was a youth from the Helpers. He clapped with his right hand from the little finger to the top of the thumb.
فَتَبَسَّمَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع ثُمَّ قَالَ كُلُّ مَنْ بَايَعَنَا بَايَعَ بِفَسْخِ الْبَيْعَةِ غَيْرَ هَذَا الْفَتَى فَإِنَّهُ بَايَعَنَا بِعَقْدِهَا فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ مَا فَسْخُ الْبَيْعَةِ مِنْ عَقْدِهَا
Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws smiled, then said: ‘Every one who pledged to us pledged with breaking the allegiance apart from this youth, for he has pledged to us with tying it’. Al-Mamoun said, ‘And what is breaking of the allegiance from its tying it?’
قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع عَقْدُ الْبَيْعَةِ هُوَ مِنْ أَعْلَى الْخِنْصِرِ إِلَى أَعْلَى الْإِبْهَامِ وَ فَسْخُهَا مِنْ أَعْلَى الْإِبْهَامِ إِلَى أَعْلَى الْخِنْصِرِ
Abu Al-Hassan-asws said: ‘Tying of the allegiance, it is from the top of the little finger to the top of the thumb, and breaking it is from the top of the thumb to the top of the little finger’.
قَالَ فَمَاجَ النَّاسُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ أَمَرَ الْمَأْمُونُ بِإِعَادَةِ النَّاسِ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ عَلَى مَا وَصَفَهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع وَ قَالَ النَّاسُ كَيْفَ يَسْتَحِقُّ الْإِمَامَةَ مَنْ لَا يَعْرِفُ عَقْدَ الْبَيْعَةِ إِنَّ مَنْ عَلِمَ لَأَوْلَى بِهَا مِمَّنْ لَا يَعْلَمُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘The people were upset regarding that, and Al-Mamoun ordered with the people to repeat the allegiance upon what Abu Al-Hassan-asws had described, and the people said, ‘How can he-asws be deserving of the Imamate, the one who does not know the tying of the allegiance? The one who knows is foremost with it than the one who does not know!’
قَالَ فَحَمَلَهُ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مَا فَعَلَهُ مِنْ سَمِّهِ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘That carried him-asws upon they did from poisoning him-asws’’.[31]
22- غط، الغيبة للشيخ الطوسي رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَفْطَسُ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَقَرَّبَنِي وَ حَيَّانِي ثُمَّ قَالَ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ الرِّضَا ع مَا كَانَ أَعْلَمَهُ لَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنِي بِعَجَبٍ سَأَلْتُهُ لَيْلَةً وَ قَدْ بَايَعَ لَهُ النَّاسُ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَرَى لَكَ أَنْ تَمْضِيَ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ وَ أَكُونَ خَلِيفَتَكَ بِخُرَاسَانَ
(The book) ‘Al Ghaybah’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – It is reported by Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Aftasy who said,
‘I entered to see Al-Mamoun. He drew me closer and welcomed me, then said, ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on Al-Reza-asws due to what he-asws had taught. He-asws had informed me with a wonder. I asked him-asws one night, and the people had pledged to him. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! I view for you-asws that you-asws should go to Al-Iraq and I should be your-asws caliph at Khurasan’.
فَتَبَسَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَا لَعَمْرِي وَ لَكِنَّهُ مِنْ دُونِ خُرَاسَانَ تَدَرُّجَاتٌ إِنَّ لَنَا هُنَا مَكْثاً وَ لَسْتُ بِبَارِحٍ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَنِي الْمَوْتُ وَ مِنْهَا الْمَحْشَرُ لَا مَحَالَةَ
He-asws smiled, then said: ‘No, by my-asws life! But, from besides Khurasan there are steps. For us-asws over there is a staying, and I-asws will not depart until the death comes to me-asws and from it is the resurrection, inevitably!’
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ مَا عِلْمُكَ بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ عِلْمِي بِمَكَانِي كَعِلْمِي بِمَكَانِكَ قُلْتُ وَ أَيْنَ مَكَانِي أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ
I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! And what made you-asws know of that?’ He-asws said: ‘My-asws knowledge of my-asws place is like my-asws knowledge of your place’. I said, ‘And where is my place? May Allah-azwj Keep you-asws well!’
فَقَالَ لَقَدْ بَعُدَتِ الشُّقَّةُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ أَمُوتُ فِي الْمَشْرِقِ وَ تَمُوتُ بِالْمَغْرِبِ فَقُلْتُ صَدَقْتَ وَ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ وَ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ فَجَهَدْتُ الْجُهْدَ كُلَّهُ وَ أَطْمَعْتُهُ فِي الْخِلَافَةِ وَ مَا سِوَاهَا فَمَا أَطْمَعَنِي فِي نَفْسِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘The place is distant, between me-asws and you. I-asws shall be dying in the east and you shall be dying in the west’. I said, ‘You-asws speak the truth, and Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww are more knowing’. I struggled all of the struggles and (tried to) covet him-asws regarding the caliphate and what is besides it, but he-asws did not covet for it in his-asws soul’’.[32]
23- شا، الإرشاد ذَكَرَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْأَخْبَارِ وَ رُوَاةِ السِّيَرِ مِنْ أَيَّامِ الْخُلَفَاءِ أَنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ لَمَّا أَرَادَ الْعَقْدَ لِلرِّضَا عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى ع وَ حَدَّثَ نَفْسَهُ بِذَلِكَ أَحْضَرَ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ سَهْلٍ وَ أَعْلَمَهُ بِمَا قَدْ عَزَمَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ أَمَرَهُ بِالاجْتِمَاعِ مَعَ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَفَعَلَ وَ اجْتَمَعَا بِحَضْرَتِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Irshad’ –
‘A group from the companions of Ahadeeth and reporters of the biographies from them say of the caliphs mentioned that when Al-Mamoun wanted the pact for Al-Reza Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws, and discussed himself with that, he presented Al-Fazl Bin Sahl and let him know with what he had determined upon from that, and he ordered him with a gathering with his brother Al-Hassan Bin Sahl upon that. He did so and they both gathered in his presence.
فَجَعَلَ الْحَسَنُ يُعَظِّمُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ يُعَرِّفُهُ مَا فِي إِخْرَاجِ الْأَمْرِ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ إِنِّي عَاهَدْتُ اللَّهَ أَنَّنِي إِنْ ظَفِرْتُ بِالْمَخْلُوعِ أَخْرَجْتُ الْخِلَافَةَ إِلَى أَفْضَلِ آلِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ مَا أَعْلَمُ أَحَداً أَفْضَلَ مِنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ
Al-Hassan went on to magnify that to him and made him know what is in the exit of the command from his family to him-asws. Al-Mamoun said to him, ‘I had made a pact with Allah-azwj that if I were to be victorious with the deposed one, I would take out the caliphate to go to the most superior of the Progeny of Abu Talib-as, and I do not know of anyone more superior than this man upon the surface of the earth!’
فَلَمَّا رَأَى الْفَضْلُ وَ الْحَسَنُ عَزِيمَتَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَمْسَكَا عَنْ مُعَارَضَتِهِ فَأَرْسَلَهُمَا إِلَى الرِّضَا ع فَعَرَضَا عَلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ فَامْتَنَعَ مِنْهُ فَلَمْ يَزَالا بِهِ حَتَّى أَجَابَ فَرَجَعَا إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَعَرَّفَاهُ إِجَابَتَهُ فَسُرَّ بِذَلِكَ وَ جَلَسَ لِلْخَاصَّةِ فِي يَوْمِ خَمِيسٍ
When Al-Fazl and Al-Hassan saw his determination upon that, they withheld from objecting to him. He sent them both to Al-Reza-asws. They presented that to him-asws. He-asws refused from it. They did not cease to be with him-asws until he-asws answered. They returned to Al-Mamoun and let him know of his-asws answer. He was cheered by that and said to the special ones during a day of Thursday.
وَ خَرَجَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ وَ أَعْلَمَ النَّاسَ بِرَأْيِ الْمَأْمُونِ فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى وَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ وَلَّاهُ عَهْدَهُ وَ سَمَّاهُ الرِّضَا وَ أَمَرَهُمْ بِلُبْسِ الْخُضْرَةِ وَ الْعَوْدِ لِبَيْعَتِهِ فِي الْخَمِيسِ عَلَى أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا رِزْقَ سَنَةٍ
And Al-Fazl Bin Sahl went out, and he was more learned of the people with the views of Al-Mamoun regarding Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws, and he made him-asws his heir apparent and named him-asws as ‘Al-Reza’, and ordered them (the public) with wearing the green and the returning to his-asws allegiance during the Thursday based upon that they would be taking the sustenance of a year.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمُ رَكِبَ النَّاسُ عَلَى طَبَقَاتِهِمْ مِنَ الْقُوَّادِ وَ الْحُجَّابِ وَ الْقُضَاةِ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ فِي الْحَضْرَةِ وَ جَلَسَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ وَضَعَ لِلرِّضَا ع وِسَادَتَيْنِ عَظيِمَتَيْنِ حَتَّى لَحِقَ بِمَجْلِسِهِ وَ فَرْشِهِ وَ أَجْلَسَ الرِّضَا ع عَلَيْهِمَا فِي الْخُضْرَةِ وَ عَلَيْهِ عِمَامَةٌ وَ سَيْفٌ
When it was that day, the people rode upon their ranks, from the leaders, and the guards and the judges and others, in (wearing) the green, and Al-Mamoun sat, and he placed two large pillows for Al-Reza-asws (to sit on) until he joined it with his seat and his throne, and Al-Reza-asws sat upon these two in the green (clothes), and upon him-asws was a turban and a sword.
ثُمَّ أَمَرَ ابْنَهُ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ الْمَأْمُونِ أَنْ يُبَايِعَ لَهُ أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ فَرَفَعَ الرِّضَا يَدَهُ فَتَلَقَّى بِظَهْرِهَا وَجْهَ نَفْسِهِ وَ بِبَطْنِهَا وُجُوهَهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ لِلْبَيْعَةِ وَ قَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص هَكَذَا كَانَ يُبَايِعُ
Then he ordered his son Al-Abbas Bin Al-Mamoun to pledge allegiance to him-asws, being the first of the people. Al-Reza-asws raised his-asws hand and adhered its back in his-asws own face, and its inside in their faces. Al-Mamoun said to him-asws, ‘Extend your hand for the allegiance!’ And Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘This is h ow Rasool-Allah-saww had taken the allegiance!’
فَبَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ وَ يَدُهُ فَوْقَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَ وُضِعَتِ الْبِدَرُ وَ قَامَتِ الْخُطَبَاءُ وَ الشُّعَرَاءُ فَجَعَلُوا يَذْكُرُونَ فَضْلَ الرِّضَا ع وَ مَا كَانَ مَعَ الْمَأْمُونِ فِي أَمْرِهِ
The people pledged allegiance to him-asws and his-asws hand was above their hands, and bags of money were placed, and the speakers and the poets stood and went on to mention the merits of Al-Reza-asws, and what had transpired with Al-Mamoun regarding his-asws matter.
ثُمَّ دَعَا أَبُو عَبَّادٍ بِالْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ الْمَأْمُونِ فَوَثَبَ فَدَنَا مِنْ أَبِيهِ فَقَبَّلَ يَدَهُ وَ أَمَرَهُ بِالْجُلُوسِ ثُمَّ نُودِيَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ قُمْ فَقَامَ وَ مَشَى حَتَّى قَرُبَ مِنَ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ وَقَفَ وَ لَمْ يُقَبِّلْ يَدَهُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ امْضِ فَخُذْ جَائِزَتَكَ وَ نَادَاهُ الْمَأْمُونُ ارْجِعْ يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ إِلَى مَجْلِسِكَ فَرَجَعَ
Then he called Abu Abbad with Al-Abbas Bin Al-Mamoun. He leapt up and went near to their father. He kissed his hand, and he instructed him with sitting down. Then Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws was called. Al-Fazl Bin Sahl said to him, ‘Stand!’ He stood up and walked until he was near from Al-Mamoun, and he stood, and did not kiss his hand. It was said to him, ‘Go and take your award!’ And Al-Mamoun called out to him, ‘Return to your seat, O Abu Ja’far!’ He returned.
ثُمَّ جَعَلَ أَبُو عَبَّادٍ يَدْعُو بِعَلَوِيٍّ وَ عَبَّاسِيٍّ فَيَقْبَضَانِ جَوَائِزَهُمَا حَتَّى نَفِدَتِ الْأَمْوَالُ ثُمَّ قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ لِلرِّضَا ع اخْطُبِ النَّاسَ وَ تَكَلَّمْ فِيهِمْ
Then Abu Abbad went on to call the Alawites and the Abbasids. They kept taking their awards until the wealth was depleted. Then Al-Mamoun said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘Address the people and speak among them!’
فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ لَنَا عَلَيْكُمْ حَقٌّ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَكُمْ عَلَيْنَا حَقٌّ بِهِ فَإِذَا أَنْتُمْ أَدَّيْتُمْ إِلَيْنَا ذَلِكَ وَجَبَ عَلَيْنَا الْحَقُّ لَكُمْ
He-asws praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj and said to us: ‘Upon you all is a right with Rasool-Allah-azwj, and for you all there is a right upon us-asws due to it! When you fulfil that to us-asws, the right for you would be obligated upon us-asws!’
وَ لَا يُذْكَرُ عَنْهُ غَيْرُ هَذَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَجْلِسِ وَ أَمَرَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَضُرِبَتِ الدَّرَاهِمُ فَطُبِعَ عَلَيْهَا اسْمُ الرِّضَا وَ زَوَّجَ إِسْحَاقَ بْنَ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ بِنْتَ عَمِّهِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَمَرَهُ فَحَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ وَ خَطَبَ لِلرِّضَا ع فِي بَلَدِهِ بِوِلَايَةِ الْعَهْدِ.
And he-asws did not mention other than this in that gathering. And Al-Mamoun ordered, and the Dirhams were struck and the name of Al-Reza-asws was stamped upon it, he got Is’haq son of Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws to daughter of his uncle Is’haq son of Ja’far Bin Muhammad, and ordered him, so he performed Hajj with the people, and he addressed for Al-Reza-asws in his city as being the heir apparent’’.[33]
وَ رَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْعَلَوِيِّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ عَبْدَ الْحَمِيدِ بْنَ سَعِيدٍ يَخْطُبُ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ فِي الدُّعَاءِ لَهُ وَلِيُّ عَهْدِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
| سِتَّةٌ آبَاؤُهُمْ مَنْ هُمْ- | أَفْضَلُ مَنْ يَشْرَبُ صَوْبَ الْغَمَامِ |
And it is reported by Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed, from Yahya Bin Al-Hassan Al Alawy who said,
‘It is narrated to me by the one who heard Abdul Hameed Bin Saeed addressing in that year upon the pulpit of Rasool-Allah-saww at Al-Medina. He said for him-asws in the call for him-asws, ‘The heir apparent of the Muslims is Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws! Six of their-asws fathers-asws, ones who are the most superior of the ones who drink the pouring cloud’.
وَ ذَكَرَ الْمَدَائِنِيُّ عَنْ رِجَالِهِ قَالَ لَمَّا جَلَسَ الرِّضَا ع فِي الْخِلَعِ بِوِلَايَةِ الْعَهْدِ فَأَقَامَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ الْخُطَبَاءُ وَ الشُّعَرَاءُ وَ خَفَقَتِ الْأَلْوِيَةُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ
And Al-Madainy mentioned from his men. He said, ‘When Al-Reza-asws sat regarding vacating the heir apparent seat (from his son to Al-Reza-asws), the speakers and the poets stood in front of him, and the banners were flapping over his-asws head.
فَذُكِرَ عَنْ بَعْضِ مَنْ حَضَرَ مِمَّنْ كَانَ يَخْتَصُّ بِالرِّضَا ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فِي الْيَوْمِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ وَ أَنَا مُسْتَبْشِرٌ بِمَا جَرَى فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيَّ أَنِ ادْنُ فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ لِي مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَسْمَعُهُ غَيْرِي لَا تَشْغَلْ قَلْبَكَ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ لَا تَسْتَبْشِرْ لَهُ فَإِنَّهُ شَيْءٌ لَا يَتِمُّ
It was mentioned from one of the ones present, from the ones who were specialised with Al-Reza-asws. He said, ‘I was in front of him-asws during that day. He-asws looked at me and I was smiling with what had transpired. He-asws gestured to me that I should approach. I went near him-asws. He-asws said to me, from where no one else could hear him-asws: ‘do not pre-occupy your heart with this matter nor smile for it, for it is a thing which will not be completed’.
وَ كَانَ فِيمَنْ وَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الشُّعَرَاءِ دِعْبِلُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخُزَاعِيُّ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ إِنِّي قَدْ قُلْتُ قَصِيدَةً فَجَعَلْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي أَنْ لَا أَنْشُدَهَا عَلَى أَحَدٍ قَبْلَكَ فَأَمَرَهُ بِالْجُلُوسِ حَتَّى خَفَّ مَجْلِسُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ هَاتِهَا
And among the ones who arrived to him from the poets was Deobel Bin Ali Al-Khuzaie. When he entered to see him-asws, said to him-asws, ‘I have said a poem, and made it upon myself that I will not recite it to anyone else before you-asws’. He-asws instructed him with being seated until his-asws gathering had lightened. Then he-asws said to him: ‘Give it!’
قَالَ فَأَنْشَدَهُ قَصِيدَتَهُ الَّتِي أَوَّلُهَا
| مَدَارِسُ آيَاتٍ خَلَتْ مِنْ تِلَاوَةٍ | وَ مَنْزِلُ وَحْيٍ مُقْفِرُ الْعَرَصَاتِ |
حَتَّى أَتَى عَلَى آخِرِهَا فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ إِنْشَادِهَا قَامَ الرِّضَا ع فَدَخَلَ إِلَى حُجْرَتِهِ وَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ خَادِماً بِخِرْقَةِ خَزٍّ فِيهَا سِتُّمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ وَ قَالَ لِخَادِمِهِ قُلْ لَهُ اسْتَعِنْ بِهَذِهِ فِي سَفَرِكَ وَ أَعْذِرْنَا
He said, ‘I recited his-asws poem, the beginning of which is, ‘The schools of Verses are empty from recitation, and the house of Revelation is a desolate plain’ – until I came to its end. When I was free from reciting it, Al-Reza-asws stood up and entered into his-asws room and sent to him a servant with a woollen cloth wherein were six hundred Dinars and said to his-asws servant: ‘Tell him, ‘Be assisted with these in your journey and excuse us-asws’’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ دِعْبِلٌ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا هَذَا أَرَدْتُ وَ لَا لَهُ خَرَجْتُ وَ لَكِنْ قُلْ لَهُ اكْسُنِي ثَوْباً مِنْ أَثْوَابِكَ وَ رُدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّهَا الرِّضَا ع فَقَالَ لَهُ خُذْهَا وَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ بِجُبَّةٍ مِنْ ثِيَابِهِ
Deobel said to him, ‘No, by Allah-azwj! I did not intend this, nor did I come out for it, but tell him-asws, ‘Clothe me from your-asws clothes’. And he returned these (Dinars) to him-asws. Al-Reza-asws returned them and said to him: ‘Take these!’ And he-asws sent a coat from his-asws clothes to him.
فَخَرَجَ دِعْبِلٌ حَتَّى وَرَدَ قُمَّ فَلَمَّا رَأَوُا الْجُبَّةَ مَعَهُ أَعْطَوْهُ فِيهَا أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ وَ لَا خِرْقَةً مِنْهَا بِأَلْفِ دِينَارٍ
Deobel went out until he arrived at Qum. When they saw the coat with him, they gave him a thousand Dinars for it. But he refused them. He said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj! And not even a piece from it for a thousand Dinars!’
ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنْ قُمَّ فَاتَّبَعُوهُ فَقَطَعُوا عَلَيْهِ الطَّرِيقَ وَ أَخَذُوا الْجُبَّةَ وَ رَجَعَ إِلَى قُمَّ فَكَلَّمَهُمْ فِيهَا فَقَالُوا لَيْسَ إِلَيْهَا سَبِيلٌ وَ لَكِنْ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَهَذِهِ أَلْفُ دِينَارٍ وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ وَ خِرْقَةً مِنْهَا فَأَعْطَوْهُ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ وَ خِرْقَةً مِنْهَا.
Then he went out from Qum, so they followed him and cut the road upon him, and they seized the coat, and he returned to Qum. He spoke to them regarding it, they said, ‘There is no way to it, but if you like, then these here are a thousand Dinars’. And he said to them, ‘And (give) me a piece from it’. So they gave him a thousand Dinars and a piece from it’’.[34]
24- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب ذَكَرَ أَخْبَارَ الْبَيْعَةِ نَحْواً مِمَّا مَرَّ وَ ذَكَرَ صُورَةَ خَطِّ الرِّضَا ع عَلَى كِتَابِ الْعَهْدِ نَحْواً مِمَّا سَيَأْتِي
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of In Shehr Ashub –
‘He mentioned the reports of the allegiance approximate to what has passed, and he mentioned the image of the handwriting of Al-Reza-asws upon the letter of the pact approximate to what I (Majlisi) shall be coming with.
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُعْتَزِّ
| وَ أَعْطَاكُمُ الْمَأْمُونُ حَقَّ خِلَافَةٍ- | لَنَا حَقُّهَا لَكِنَّهُ جَادَ بِالدُّنْيَا- | |
| فَمَاتَ الرِّضَا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ- | وَ لَاذَتْ بِنَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى |
Then he said, ‘And Ibn Al-Mu’taz said, ‘And Al-Mamoun gave you all the right of caliphate. For us is its right, but the efforts are for the world. Al-Reza-asws died from afterwards, what you have known, and he sheltered with us from after him-asws once again’.
وَ كَانَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ الشُّعَرَاءُ فَأَنْشَدَ دِعْبِلٌ
| مَدَارِسُ آيَاتٍ خَلَتْ مِنْ تِلَاوَةٍ- | وَ مَنْزِلُ وَحْيٍ مُقْفِرُ الْعَرَصَاتِ |
And the poets had entered to see him-asws. Deobel recited, ‘Schools of Verses are empty from recitation, and the house of Revelation is a desolate plain’.
وَ أَنْشَدَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ
| أَزَالَتْ عَزَاءَ الْقَلْبِ بَعْدَ التَّجَلُّدِ- | مَصَارِعُ أَوْلَادِ النَّبِيِّ مُحَمَّدٍ- |
And Ibrahim Bin Al-Abbas recited, ‘The consolation of the heart was removed after the staunchness, the fatalities of the children of the Prophet-saww Muhammad-saww’.
وَ أَنْشَدَ أَبُو نُوَاسٍ
| مُطَهَّرُونَ نَقِيَّاتٌ جُيُوبُهُمْ- | تُتْلَى الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَيْنَمَا ذُكِرُوا- | |
| مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَوِيّاً حِينَ تَنْسُبُهُ- | فَمَا لَهُ فِي قَدِيمِ الدَّهْرِ مُفْتَخَرٌ- | |
| وَ اللَّهُ لَمَّا بَرَأَ خَلْقاً فَأَتْقَنَهُ- | صَفَّاكُمْ وَ اصْطَفَاكُمْ أَيُّهَا الْبَشَرُ- | |
| فَأَنْتُمُ الْمَلَأُ الْأَعْلَى وَ عِنْدَكُمْ- | عِلْمُ الْكِتَابِ وَ مَا جَاءَتْ بِهِ السُّوَرُ |
And Abu Nawas recited, ‘Purified is the cleanliness of their pockets. The Salawaat is recited upon them-asws wherever they-asws are mentioned. One who does not happen to be an Alawite when he is attributed, so there is no pride for him in the ancient times. And Allah-azwj, when He-azwj Created the creatures, perfected it. He-azwj Cleaned you-asws all and Chose you-asws. O you mortals! You-asws are the high assembly, and with you-asws is knowledge of the Book, and what the honour had come with’.
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع قَدْ جِئْتَنَا بِأَبْيَاتٍ مَا سَبَقَكَ أَحَدٌ إِلَيْهَا يَا غُلَامُ هَلْ مَعَكَ مِنْ نَفَقَتِنَا شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ ثَلَاثُمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ فَقَالَ أَعْطِهَا إِيَّاهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا غُلَامُ سُقْ إِلَيْهِ الْبَغْلَةَ.
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘You have come to us-asws with couplets no one has preceded you to it. O slave! Is there anything with you from our-asws expense monies?’ He said, ‘Three hundred Dinars’. He-asws said: ‘Give these to him!’ Then he-asws said: ‘O Slave! Usher the mule to him’’.[35]
25- كشف، كشف الغمة قَالَ الْفَقِيرُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى أَثَابَهُ اللَّهُ وَ فِي سَنَةِ سَبْعِينَ وَ سِتِّمِائَةٍ وَصَلَ مِنْ مَشْهَدِهِ الشَّرِيفِ أَحَدُ قُوَّامِهِ وَ مَعَهُ الْعَهْدُ الَّذِي كَتَبَهُ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ بِخَطِّ يَدِهِ وَ بَيْنَ سُطُورِهِ وَ فِي ظَهْرِهِ بِخَطِّ الْإِمَامِ ع مَا هُوَ مَسْطُورٌ
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ –
‘He said, ‘The poor to Allah-azwj the Exalted, Ali Bin Isa, may Allah-azwj Reward him, and in the year six hundred and seventy, one of its custodians arrived from his-asws noble mausoleum and with him was the pact which Al-Mamoun had written for him in his own handwriting, and between its lines and in its back was the handwriting of the Imam-asws was he-asws had written.
فَقَبَّلْتُ مَوَاقِعَ أَقْلَامِهِ وَ سَرَّحْتُ طَرْفِي فِي رِيَاضِ كَلَامِهِ وَ عَدَّدْتُ الْوُقُوفَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مِنَنِ اللَّهِ وَ إِنْعَامِهِ وَ نَقَلْتُهُ حَرْفاً فَحَرْفاً وَ هُوَ بِخَطِّ الْمَأْمُونِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا كِتَابٌ كَتَبَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ هَارُونَ الرَّشِيدِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ وَلِيِّ عَهْدِهِ
I kissed the places of his-asws pen and placed my eyes in the garden of his-asws words, and I counted the pauses upon it from the Conferment’s of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Bounties, and I copied it word by word, and it was in the handwriting of Al-Mamoun, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. This is a letter written by Abdullah son of Haroun Al-Rasheed, commander of the faithful, to Ali-asws Bin Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, his heir apparent.
أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اصْطَفَى الْإِسْلَامَ دِيناً وَ اصْطَفَى لَهُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ رُسُلًا دَالِّينَ وَ هَادِينَ إِلَيْهِ يُبَشِّرُ أَوَّلُهُمْ بِآخِرِهِمْ وَ يُصَدِّقُ تَالِيهِمْ مَاضِيَهُمْ حَتَّى انْتَهَتْ نُبُوَّةُ اللَّهِ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص عَلَى فَتْرَةٍ مِنَ الرُّسُلِ وَ دُرُوسٍ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ وَ انْقِطَاعٍ مِنَ الْوَحْيِ وَ اقْتِرَابٍ مِنَ السَّاعَةِ
As for after, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Chose Al-Islam as a religion and Chose a Rasool-saww for it from His-azwj servants, pointing and guiding to it. Their first ones gave glad tidings to their last ones, their followers ratified their past ones until the Prophet-hood of Allah-azwj ended to Muhammad-saww upon a gap period from the Messengers-as, and lessons from the knowledge, and termination from the Revelation, and drawing near of the Hour!
فَخَتَمَ اللَّهُ بِهِ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ جَعَلَهُ شَاهِداً لَهُمْ وَ مُهَيْمِناً عَلَيْهِمْ وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ كِتَابَهُ الْعَزِيزَ الَّذِي لا يَأْتِيهِ الْباطِلُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ لا مِنْ خَلْفِهِ تَنْزِيلٌ مِنْ حَكِيمٍ حَمِيدٍ بِمَا أَحَلَّ وَ حَرَّمَ وَ وَعَدَ وَ أَوْعَدَ وَ حَذَّرَ وَ أَنْذَرَ وَ أَمَرَ بِهِ وَ نَهَى عَنْهُ لِيَكُونَ لَهُ الْحُجَّةُ الْبَالِغَةُ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ لِيَهْلِكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ عَنْ بَيِّنَةٍ وَ يَحْيى مَنْ حَيَّ عَنْ بَيِّنَةٍ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَسَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
Allah-azwj Ended the Prophets-as with him-saww and made him-as a witness to them, and as domineering upon them, and Revealed His-azwj Honourable Book unto him-saww which Neither did the falsehood come from before it, nor (would it come) from after it. (It is) a Revelation from the Wisest, the most Praised [41:42], with what is permissible and prohibited, and promises and threats, and caution and warning, and he-saww instructed with it and forbade from it for it to be a conclusive argument for him-saww over His-azwj creatures, the ones to be destroyed from a clear proof and to Revive the ones to be revived from a clear proof, and surely Allah is Hearing, Knowing [8:42].
فَبَلَّغَ عَنِ اللَّهِ رِسَالَتَهُ وَ دَعَا إِلَى سَبِيلِهِ بِمَا أَمَرَهُ بِهِ مِنَ الْحِكْمَةِ وَ الْمَوْعِظَةِ الْحَسَنَةِ وَ الْمُجَادَلَةِ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ ثُمَّ بِالْجِهَادِ وَ الْغِلْظَةِ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ اخْتَارَ لَهُ مَا عِنْدَهُ
He-saww delivered on behalf of Allah-azwj, His-azwj Message and called to His-azwj Way with what He-azwj had Commanded him-saww with it, from the wisdom. And the goodly preaching, and the arguing with that which is best. Then with the Jihad and the difficulties, until Allah-azwj Recalled him-saww to Him-azwj and Chose for him-saww what is with Him-azwj.
فَلَمَّا انْقَضَتِ النُّبُوَّةُ وَ خَتَمَ اللَّهُ بِمُحَمَّدٍ ص الْوَحْيَ وَ الرِّسَالَةَ جَعَلَ قِوَامَ الدِّينِ وَ نِظَامَ أَمْرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِالْخِلَافَةِ وَ إِتْمَامَهَا وَ عِزَّهَا وَ الْقِيَامَ بِحَقِّ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِيهَا بِالطَّاعَةِ الَّتِي بِهَا يُقَامُ فَرَائِضُ اللَّهِ وَ حُدُودُهُ وَ شَرَائِعُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ سُنَنُهُ وَ يُجَاهَدُ لَهَا عَدُوُّهُ
When the Prophet-hood was terminated and Allah-azwj Ended the Revelation and the Message with Muhammad-saww, He-azwj Made custodians of the religion and system of the affairs of the Muslims with the caliphate and Completed it and Honoured it and the custodian by the right of Allah-azwj the Exalted in it with the obedience by which the Obligations of Allah-azwj are established, and His-azwj legal penalties, and Laws of Al Islam, and his-saww Sunnah, and he-saww fought His-azwj enemies for it.
فَعَلَى خُلَفَاءِ اللَّهِ طَاعَتُهُ فِيمَا اسْتَحْفَظَهُمْ وَ اسْتَرْعَاهُمْ مِنْ دِينِهِ وَ عِبَادِهِ وَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ طَاعَةُ خُلَفَائِهِمْ وَ مُعَاوَنَتُهُمْ عَلَى إِقَامَةِ حَقِّ اللَّهِ وَ عَدْلِهِ وَ أَمْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَ حَقْنِ الدِّمَاءِ وَ صَلَاحِ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ وَ جَمْعِ الْأُلْفَةِ
Thus it is upon the caliphs that they obey him in what he-saww had protected them and took care of them from His-azwj religion and His-azwj servants. And it is upon the Muslims to obey their caliphs and assist them upon establishing the Right of Allah-azwj and His-azwj justice, and secure the way, and save the blood, and reconcile between them, and gather the cordiality.
وَ فِي خِلَافِ ذَلِكَ اضْطِرَابُ حَبْلِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ اخْتِلَالُهُمْ وَ اخْتِلَافُ مِلَّتِهِمْ وَ قَهْرُ دِينِهِمْ وَ اسْتِعْلَاءُ عَدُوِّهِمْ وَ تَفَرُّقُ الْكَلِمَةِ وَ خُسْرَانُ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ
And in opposition to that is restlessness of the rope of the Muslims and their differing and differing of their nation, and subduing of their religion, and rising of their enemies, and separation of the words, and loos of the world and the Hereafter.
فَحَقٌّ عَلَى مَنِ اسْتَخْلَفَهُ اللَّهُ فِي أَرْضِهِ وَ ائْتَمَنَهُ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ أَنْ يُجْهِدَ لِلَّهِ نَفْسَهُ وَ يُؤْثِرَ مَا فِيهِ رِضَا اللَّهِ وَ طَاعَتُهُ وَ يَعْتَدَّ لِمَا اللَّهُ مُوَافِقُهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ مُسَائِلُهُ عَنْهُ وَ يَحْكُمَ بِالْحَقِّ وَ يَعْمَلَ بِالْعَدْلِ فِيمَا حَمَلَهُ اللَّهُ وَ قَلَّدَهُ
There is a right upon the one whom Allah-azwj has Made to be a caliph in His-azwj earth, and Entrusted him-asws upon His-azwj creatures that he-asws exerts himself-asws for Allah-azwj and gives preference to what there is Pleasure of Allah-azwj in it, and His-azwj obedience, and prepares for what Allah-azwj has Harmonised him-asws upon it, and His-azwj Questioning him-asws about it, and he-asws would judge with the truth and conduct with the justice in what Allah-azwj had Loaded him-asws with and has Collared him-asws with.
فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ لِنَبِيِّهِ دَاوُدَ ع يا داوُدُ إِنَّا جَعَلْناكَ خَلِيفَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِالْحَقِّ وَ لا تَتَّبِعِ الْهَوى فَيُضِلَّكَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ شَدِيدٌ بِما نَسُوا يَوْمَ الْحِسابِ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to His-azwj Prophet-as Daqwood-as: “O Dawood! Surely, We Made you a Caliph in the earth, therefore judge between the people with the Truth and do not follow the vain desires, for you will stray from the Way of Allah. Surely, those who stray from the way of Allah, for them is a severe Punishment due to their forgetting the Day of Reckoning!” [38:26].
وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَوَ رَبِّكَ لَنَسْئَلَنَّهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ عَمَّا كانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: So, by your Lord! We will be Questioning them altogether [15:92] About what they were doing [15:93].
وَ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ لَوْ ضَاعَتْ سَخْلَةٌ بِشَاطِئِ الْفُرَاتِ لَتَخَوَّفْتُ أَنْ يَسْأَلَنِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا
And it has reached us that Umar Bin Al-Khattab said, ‘Even if I were to waste a sheep at the banks of the Euphrates, I would be frightened that Allah-azwj would be Asking me about it’.
وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْمَسْئُولَ عَنْ خَاصَّةِ نَفْسِهِ الْمَوْقُوفَ عَلَى عَمَلِهِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ اللَّهِ وَ بَيْنَهُ لَيُعْرَضُ عَلَى أَمْرٍ كَبِيرٍ وَ عَلَى خَطَرٍ عَظِيمٍ فَكَيْفَ بِالْمَسْئُولِ عَنْ رِعَايَةِ الْأُمَّةِ
And I swear by Allah-azwj! The one questioned about the special one of his own self, the one paused upon his deeds in what is between Allah-azwj and him, would be exposed upon a great matter and upon a mighty danger, then how would be the one questioned about citizens of the community?
وَ بِاللَّهِ الثِّقَةُ وَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَفْزَعُ وَ الرَّغْبَةُ فِي التَّوْفِيقِ وَ الْعِصْمَةِ وَ التَّسْدِيدِ وَ الْهِدَايَةِ إِلَى مَا فِيهِ ثَبُوتُ الْحُجَّةِ وَ الْفَوْزُ مِنَ اللَّهِ بِالرِّضْوَانِ وَ الرَّحْمَةِ
And with Allah-azwj is the trust, and to Him-azwj is the panic (shelter) and the desire regarding the inclination, and the protection, and the right way, and the guidance to what in it is proof of the argument, and the success from Allah-azwj with the Pleasure and the Mercy.
وَ أَنْظَرُ الْأُمَّةِ لِنَفْسِهِ وَ أَنْصَحُهُمْ لِلَّهِ فِي دِينِهِ وَ عِبَادِهِ مِنْ خَلَائِقِهِ فِي أَرْضِهِ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَ كِتَابِهِ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ ص فِي مُدَّةِ أَيَّامِهِ وَ بَعْدَهَا
And the community should look at itself and they should advise each other for the Sake of Allah-azwj in His-azwj religion, and His-azwj servants from His-azwj creatures in His-azwj earth. One who works in obedience of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Book, and Sunnah of His-azwj Prophet-saww, in a period of his-saww days and after it.
وَ أَجْهَدَ رَأْيَهُ وَ نَظَرَهُ فِيمَنْ يُوَلِّيهِ عَهْدَهُ وَ يَخْتَارُهُ لِإِمَامَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ رِعَايَتِهِمْ بَعْدَهُ وَ يَنْصِبُهُ عَلَماً لَهُمْ وَ مَفْزَعاً فِي جَمْعِ أُلْفَتِهِمْ وَ لَمِّ شَعَثِهِمْ وَ حَقْنِ دِمَائِهِمْ وَ الْأَمْنِ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ مِنْ فِرْقَتِهِمْ وَ فَسَادِ ذَاتِ بَيْنِهِمْ وَ اخْتِلَافِهِمْ وَ رَفْعِ نَزْغِ الشَّيْطَانِ وَ كَيْدِهِ عَنْهُمْ
And the most exerting of his view and his consideration is regarding the one he makes to be his heir apparent and chooses for the leadership of the Muslims and their caretaker after him, and nominates him as a flag for them, and a shelter in and entirety of their familiarities, and gathers their scattered ones, and saves their blood, and the security by the Permission of Allah-azwj from their sects, and spoiling of what is between them, and their differing, and raising the incitement of the Satan-la and his-la plots away from them.
فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَعَلَ الْعَهْدَ بَعْدَ الْخِلَافَةِ مِنْ تَمَامِ أَمْرِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ كَمَالِهِ وَ عِزِّهِ وَ صَلَاحِ أَهْلِهِ وَ أَلْهَمَ خُلَفَاءَهُ مِنْ تَوْكِيدِهِ لِمَنْ يَخْتَارُونَهُ لَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ مَا عَظُمَتْ بِهِ النِّعْمَةُ وَ شَمِلَتْ فِيهِ الْعَافِيَةُ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Made the pact after the caliphate from completion of the matter of Al Islam and its perfecting, and Honoured it, and Corrected its people, and Inspired His-azwj caliphs from emphasising it to the one they were choosing him for from after them, what the Bounty would be great by it, and include in it the well-being.
وَ نَقَضَ اللَّهُ بِذَلِكَ مَكْرَ أَهْلِ الشِّقَاقِ وَ الْعَدَاوَةِ وَ السَّعْيِ فِي الْفُرْقَةِ وَ التَّرَبُّصِ لِلْفِتْنَةِ وَ لَمْ يَزَلْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مُنْذُ أَفَضَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْخِلَافَةُ فَاخْتَبَرَ بَشَاعَةَ مَذَاقِهَا وَ ثِقْلَ مَحْمِلِهَا وَ شِدَّةَ مَئُونَتِهَا وَ مَا يَجِبُ عَلَى مَنْ تَقَلَّدَهَا مِنِ ارْتِبَاطِ طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَ مُرَاقَبَتِهِ فِيمَا حَمَّلَهُ مِنْهَا
And by that, Allah-azwj Broke the plots of the people of wretchedness and the enmity, and the ones striving in sectarianism and watching out for the discord. And commander of the faithful, since the caliphate came to him, has not ceased to test with the experience of its taste, and the weight of its load, and difficulties of its provisions, and what is obligated upon the one who is collared it, from being tied to the obedience of Allah-azwj and its monitoring in what has been loaded upon him, from it.
فَأَنْصَبَ بَدَنَهُ وَ أَسْهَرَ عَيْنَهُ وَ أَطَالَ فِكْرَهُ فِيمَا فِيهِ عِزُّ الدِّينِ وَ قَمْعُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ صَلَاحُ الْأُمَّةِ وَ نَشْرُ الْعَدْلِ وَ إِقَامَةُ الْكِتَابِ وَ السُّنَّةِ وَ مَنَعَهُ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْخَفْضِ وَ الدَّعَةِ وَ مَهْنَإِ الْعَيْشِ عِلْماً بِمَا اللَّهُ سَائِلُهُ عَنْهُ وَ مَحَبَّةً أَنْ يَلْقَى اللَّهَ مُنَاصِحاً لَهُ فِي دِينِهِ وَ عِبَادِهِ
So he established his body and kept his eyes awake, and prolong his thinking in what is in it the honour of the religion, and suppression of the Polytheists, and betterment of the community, and spreading the justice, and establishing the Book and the Sunnah, and that prevented him from the lowering, and his behaviour, and from it is the life of knowledge with what Allah-azwj would be Questioning him about, and love, that he would meet Allah-azwj having been an advisor for Him-azwj in His-azwj Religion, and His-azwj servants.
وَ مُخْتَاراً لِوِلَايَةِ عَهْدِهِ وَ رِعَايَةِ الْأُمَّةِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ أَفْضَلَ مَنْ يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ فِي دِينِهِ وَ وَرَعِهِ وَ عِلْمِهِ وَ أَرْجَاهُمْ لِلْقِيَامِ فِي أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ حَقِّهِ مُنَاجِياً اللَّهَ بِالاسْتِخَارَةِ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ مَسْأَلَتِهِ الْهَامَّةِ مَا فِيهِ رِضَاهُ وَ طَاعَتُهُ فِي آنَاءِ لَيْلِهِ وَ نَهَارِهِ مُعْمِلًا فِي طَلَبِهِ وَ الْتِمَاسِهِ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ مِنْ وُلْدِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ
And choosing the heir apparent and caretaker of the community from after him the most superior one able upon it in his religion, and his devoutness, and his knowledge and their most hopeful of them for the standing regarding the Commands of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rights, whispering to Allah-azwj with the choosing (istikhara) in that, and asking Him-azwj the important matters of what is His-azwj Pleasure in it and His-azwj obedience, in the hours of his night and his day, hopeful in its search, and seeking in among his family members, from the sons of Abdullah Bin Al Abbas and Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws.
فِكْرَهُ وَ نَظَرَهُ مُقْتَصِراً مِمَّنْ عَلِمَ حَالَهُ وَ مَذْهَبَهُ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى عِلْمِهِ وَ بَالِغاً فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ عَمَّنْ خَفِيَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرُهُ جُهْدَهُ وَ طَاقَتَهُ حَتَّى اسْتَقْصَى أُمُورَهُمْ مَعْرِفَةً وَ ابْتَلَى أَخْبَارَهُمْ مُشَاهَدَةً وَ اسْتَبْرَأَ أَحْوَالَهُمْ مُعَايَنَةً وَ كَشَفَ مَا عِنْدَهُمْ مُسَاءَلَةً
His thinking and his consideration are deficient from the one who knows his state and his doctrine upon his knowledge and reaching in the issues from the one his matter is hidden unto him, his struggles and his strength, until he investigates their affairs, to recognise and test their news, observing and examining their conditions, and uncovering what issues are with them.
فَكَانَتْ خِيَرَتُهُ بَعْدَ اسْتِخَارَتِهِ لِلَّهِ وَ إِجْهَادِهِ نَفْسَهُ فِي قَضَاءِ حَقِّهِ فِي عِبَادِهِ وَ بِلَادِهِ فِي الْبَيْتَيْنِ جَمِيعاً عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ لِمَا رَأَى مِنْ فَضْلِهِ الْبَارِعِ وَ عِلْمِهِ النَّافِعِ وَ وَرَعِهِ الظَّاهِرِ وَ زُهْدِهِ الْخَالِصِ وَ تَخَلِّيهِ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ تَسَلُّمِهِ مِنَ النَّاسِ
So his choice happened after his seeking the choice of Allah-azwj (Istikhara) and his struggle within himself in fulfilling His-azwj Right among His-azwj servants, and His-azwj country regarding the two allegiances together, Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws due to what he saw from his-asws proficient merits, and his-asws beneficial knowledge, and his-asws apparent devoutness, and his-asws sincere ascetism, and his-asws abstaining from the world and his-asws being safe from the people.
وَ قَدِ اسْتَبَانَ لَهُ مَا لَمْ تَزَلِ الْأَخْبَارُ عَلَيْهِ مُتَوَاطِئَةً وَ الْأَلْسُنُ عَلَيْهِ مُتَّفِقَةً وَ الْكَلِمَةُ فِيهِ جَامِعَةً وَ لَمَّا لَمْ يَزَلْ يَعْرِفُهُ بِهِ مِنَ الْفَضْلِ يَافِعاً وَ نَاشِئاً وَ حَدَثاً وَ مُكْتَهِلًا
And it has been clarified for him-asws what the news have not ceased upon him-asws consecutively, and the concurring of the tongues upon him-asws, and the unity of the words regarding him-asws. And when he-asws did not cease to be known by it from the merits of a youth, and growing up, and young age, and of the middle age.
فَعَقَدَ لَهُ بِالْعَقْدِ وَ الْخِلَافَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَاثِقاً بِخِيَرَةِ اللَّهِ فِي ذَلِكَ إِذْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ فَعَلَهُ إِيثَاراً لَهُ وَ لِلدِّينِ وَ نَظَراً لِلْإِسْلَامِ وَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ طَلَباً لِلسَّلَامَةِ وَ ثَبَاتِ الْحُجَّةِ وَ النَّجَاةِ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي يَقُومُ النَّاسُ فِيهِ لِرَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ
So he (commander of the faithful) tied the tight knot for him-asws and the caliphate from after him with the Choice of Allah-azwj regarding that when Allah-azwj Knew that his-asws deed would be Preference for Him-azwj and the religion, and a consideration for Al Islam and the Muslims, and seeking the safety, and affirmation of the argument, and the salvation during the day in which the people would standing in it to Lord-azwj of the worlds.
وَ دَعَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وُلْدَهُ وَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ وَ خَاصَّتَهُ وَ قُوَّادَهُ وَ خَدَمَهُ فَبَايَعُوا مُسَارِعِينَ مَسْرُورِينَ عَالِمِينَ بِإِيثَارِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ طَاعَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْهَوَى فِي وُلْدِهِ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ مِمَّنْ هُوَ أَشْبَكُ مِنْهُ رَحِماً وَ أَقْرَبُ قَرَابَةً وَ سَمَّاهُ الرِّضَا إِذْ كَانَ رِضًا عِنْدَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
And commander of the faithful called his children and his family members and his special ones, and his leaders, and his servants. They pledged quickly, happily, knowing the impact of commander of the faithful being in the obedience of Allah-azwj over the personal whims regarding his own sons and others, from the ones he was mingling with from the kindred, and the close relatives, and has named him-asws ‘Al-Reza’, when he-asws was pleasing in the presence of commander of the faithful.
فَبَايِعُوا مَعْشَرَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ مَنْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ الْمَحْرُوسَةِ مِنْ قُوَّادِهِ وَ جُنْدِهِ وَ عَامَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ لِلرِّضَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى عَلَى اسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَتِهِ وَ حُسْنِ قَضَائِهِ لِدِينِهِ وَ عِبَادِهِ
So the community of the family of commander of the faithful pledged, and so did the ones at Al-Medina, the guarded ones from his leaders, and his soldiers, and the general Muslims to commander of the faithful and to Al-Reza-asws from after him, Ali Bin Musa-asws, upon the Name of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings, and goodness of His-azwj Decrees for His-azwj religion and His-azwj servants.
بَيْعَةً مَبْسُوطَةً إِلَيْهَا أَيْدِيكُمْ مُنْشَرِحَةً لَهَا صُدُورُكُمْ عَالِمِينَ بِمَا أَرَادَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِهَا وَ آثَرَ طَاعَةَ اللَّهِ وَ النَّظَرَ لِنَفْسِهِ وَ لَكُمْ فِيهَا شَاكِرِينَ لِلَّهِ عَلَى مَا أُلْهِمَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ قَضَاءِ حَقِّهِ فِي رِعَايَتِكُمْ وَ حِرْصِهِ عَلَى رُشْدِكُمْ وَ صَلَاحِكُمْ
An allegiance your hands had extended towards it, your chests had expanded for it, knowing with what commander of the faithful has intended by it, and impact of obedience to Allah-azwj, and the looking out for himself and for you all in it, thanking to Allah-azwj upon what He-azwj has Inspired commander of the faithful from fulfilling His-azwj Right among your citizens, and His-azwj and keenness of your guidance and your betterment.
رَاجِينَ عَائِدَةَ ذَلِكَ فِي جَمْعِ أُلْفَتِكُمْ وَ حَقْنِ دِمَائِكُمْ وَ لَمِ شَعَثِكُمْ وَ سَدِّ ثُغُورِكُمْ وَ قُوَّةِ دِينِكُمْ وَ وَقْمِ عَدُوِّكُمْ وَ اسْتِقَامَةِ أُمُورِكُمْ وَ سَارِعُوا إِلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَ طَاعَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَإِنَّهُ الْأَمْنُ إِنْ سَارَعْتُمْ إِلَيْهِ وَ حَمَدْتُمُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَرَفْتُمُ الْحَظَّ فِيهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
He is hoping for returning that in entirety of your affiliations, and saving your blood, and not letting you scatter, and blocking your gaps, and strength of your religion, and repressing your enemies, and straightening your affairs. And hurry to the obedience of Allah-azwj and obedience of commander of the faithful, for it is the safety in your being quick to him, and you should praise Allah-azwj upon it, and you shall know the share in it, if Allah-azwj so Desires.
وَ كَتَبَ بِيَدِهِ فِي يَوْمِ الْإِثْنَيْنِ لِسَبْعٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَ مِائَتَيْنِ
And it is written by his hand during the day of Monday of the seventh vacant from the month of Ramazan in the year two hundred and one’.
صُورَةُ مَا كَانَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الْعَهْدِ بِخَطِّ الْإِمَامِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الْفَعَّالِ لِمَا يَشَاءُ لا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكْمِهِ وَ لَا رَادَّ لِقَضَائِهِ يَعْلَمُ خائِنَةَ الْأَعْيُنِ وَ ما تُخْفِي الصُّدُورُ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ مُحَمَّدٍ خَاتَمِ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ الطَّاهِرِينَ
An image of what was upon the back of the pact in the handwriting of the Imam-asws Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Praise is for Allah-azwj the Doer of whatever He-azwj so Desires, there is no Postponement of His Judgment, and He is Swift in Reckoning [13:41] nor any repeller of His-azwj Decree. He Knows the treachery of the eyes and what the chests conceal [40:19] and may Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww among the former ones and the latter ones, and upon his-saww goodly progeny-asws.
أَقُولُ وَ أَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَضَّدَهُ اللَّهُ بِالسَّدَادِ وَ وَفَّقَهُ لِلرَّشَادِ عَرَفَ مِنْ حَقِّنَا مَا جَهِلَهُ غَيْرُهُ فَوَصَلَ أَرْحَاماً قُطِعَتْ وَ آمَنَ نُفُوساً فَزِعَتْ بَلْ أَحْيَاهَا وَ قَدْ تَلِفَتْ وَ أَغْنَاهَا إِذِ افْتَقَرَتْ مُبْتَغِياً رِضَا رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ لَا يُرِيدُ جَزَاءً مِنْ غَيْرِهِ وَ سَيَجْزِي اللَّهُ الشَّاكِرِينَ وَ لا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ
I-asws am saying, and I-asws am Ali-asws Bin Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, that commander of the faithful, may Allah-azwj Assist him with the Guidance and Harmonise him with the rightful guidance for him to recognise from our-asws rights what others are ignorant of. So he connected the kinship which had been cut off and secured the souls which had feared. But he revived them and turned and enriched them when they had been impoverished, seeking the Pleasure of Lord-azwj of the worlds, not wanting the reward from others: and Allah would be Recompensing the grateful [3:144], and He-azwj does not Waste a Recompense of the good doers [9:120].
وَ إِنَّهُ جَعَلَ إِلَيَّ عَهْدَهُ وَ الْإِمْرَةَ الْكُبْرَى إِنْ بَقِيتُ بَعْدَهُ فَمَنْ حَلَّ عُقْدَةً أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِشَدِّهَا وَ قَصَمَ عُرْوَةً أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ إِيثَاقَهَا فَقَدْ أَبَاحَ حَرِيمَهُ وَ أَحَلَّ مُحَرَّمَهُ إِذْ كَانَ بِذَلِكَ زَارِياً عَلَى الْإِمَامِ مُنْتَهِكاً حُرْمَةَ الْإِسْلَامِ بِذَلِكَ
And he has made his pact to me-asws and the great rule if I-asws were to remain after him. So the one who loosens a knot which Allah-azwj the Exalted has Commanded with tying it and breaks a handhold Allah-azwj Loves its holding, so he as legalised His-azwj Sanctity and permitted His-azwj Prohibition, when he was a visitor to the Imam-asws violating the sanctity of Al-Islam with that.
جَرَى السَّالِفُ فَصَبَرَ مِنْهُ عَلَى الْفَلَتَاتِ وَ لَمْ يَعْتَرِضْ بَعْدَهَا عَلَى الْعَزَمَاتِ خَوْفاً عَلَى شَتَاتِ الدِّينِ وَ اضْطِرَابِ حَبْلِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لِقُرْبِ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَ رَصَدِ فُرْصَةٍ تَنْتَهِزُ وَ بَائِقَةٍ تَبْتَدِرُ وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى نَفْسِي إِنِ اسْتَرْعَانِي أَمْرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
The predecessor ran and he was patient from him upon the slips and after it he did not succumb to the intentions fearing from the scattering of the religion, and restlessness carried entirety of the Muslims, and due to the nearness of the matter of the pre-Islamic period, and (the hypocrites) were watching out for the opportunity to seize and pre-empt a management, and Allah-azwj has Made it upon myself-asws that commander of the faithful would make me-asws to take care of the affairs of the Muslims.
وَ قَلَّدَنِي خِلَافَتَهُ الْعَمَلَ فِيهِمْ عَامَّةً وَ فِي بَنِي الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ خَاصَّةً بِطَاعَتِهِ وَ طَاعَةِ رَسُولِهِ ص وَ أَنْ لَا أَسْفِكَ دَماً حَرَاماً وَ لَا أُبِيحَ فَرْجاً وَ لَا مَالًا إِلَّا مَا سَفَكَتْهُ حُدُودُهُ وَ أَبَاحَتْهُ فَرَائِضُهُ وَ أَنْ أَتَخَيَّرَ الْكُفَاةَ جُهْدِي وَ طَاقَتِي
And he has collared me-asws with his caliphate, the working among the general public and among the clan of Al-Abbas Bin Abdul Muttalib in particular, in His-azwj obedience and obedience of His-azwj Rasool-saww, and that I-asws shall neither spill any forbidden blood, nor legalise any marriages, nor wealth except what is spilt by its legal penalties, and I-asws shall permit His-azwj obligations, and that I-asws shall make sufficient of my-asws efforts and my-asws strength.
وَ جَعَلْتُ بِذَلِكَ عَلَى نَفْسِي عَهْداً مُؤَكَّداً يَسْأَلُنِي اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ وَ أَوْفُوا بِالْعَهْدِ إِنَّ الْعَهْدَ كانَ مَسْؤُلًا- وَ إِنْ أَحْدَثْتُ أَوْ غَيَّرْتُ أَوْ بَدَّلْتُ كُنْتُ لِلْغِيَرِ مُسْتَحِقّاً وَ لِلنَّكَالِ مُتَعَرِّضاً
And I-asws have made an emphatic pact to be it upon myself-asws due to that, Allah-azwj would be Questioning me-asws about it, for the Mighty and Majestic Says: And do not approach the wealth of the orphan except by which is best until he reaches maturity; and fulfil the oath, surely the oath would always be questioned about [17:34], and if I-asws were to innovate, or alter, or replace, I-asws would be rightful of the alteration and be exposed to the verbal abuse.
وَ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ سَخَطِهِ وَ إِلَيْهِ أَرْغَبُ فِي التَّوْفِيقِ لِطَاعَتِهِ وَ الْحَوْلِ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ مَعْصِيَتِهِ فِي عَافِيَةٍ لِي وَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ الْجَامِعَةُ وَ الْجَفْرُ يَدُلَّانِ عَلَى ضِدِّ ذَلِكَ وَ ما أَدْرِي ما يُفْعَلُ بِي وَ لا بِكُمْ إِنِ الْحُكْمُ إِلَّا لِلَّهِ يَقْضِي بِالْحَقِ وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الْفاصِلِينَ
And I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from His-azwj Wrath, and I-asws am desirous to Him-azwj regarding the inclination to obey Him-azwj, and the barrier between me-asws and disobeying Him-azwj, in a well-being for me-asws and for the Muslims, and the (books) ‘Al-Jamie’ and ‘Al-Jafr’ are both pointed upon the opposite of that, and I don’t know what is to transpire with me and with you all. [46:9] The Decision is only for Allah. He – Decrees with – the Truth, and He is the best of the Deciders’ [6:57].
لَكِنِّي امْتَثَلْتُ أَمْرَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ آثَرْتُ رِضَاهُ وَ اللَّهُ يَعْصِمُنِي وَ إِيَّاهُ وَ أَشْهَدْتُ اللَّهُ عَلَى نَفْسِي بِذَلِكَ وَ كَفى بِاللَّهِ شَهِيداً
But rather, I-asws am complying with the order of commander of the faithful and am preferring his pleasure, and Allah-azwj will Protect me-asws and him. And I-asws testify upon myself with that, and I-asws suffice with Allah-azwj and a Witness.
وَ كَتَبْتُ بِخَطِّي بِحَضْرَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَطَالَ اللَّهُ بَقَاءَهُ وَ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ وَ سَهْلِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ وَ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَكْثَمَ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ طَاهِرٍ وَ ثُمَامَةَ بْنِ أَشْرَسَ وَ بِشْرِ بْنِ الْمُعْتَمِرِ وَ حَمَّادِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَ مِائَتَيْنِ
And I-asws have written it in my-asws handwriting in the presence of commander of the faithful, may Allah-azwj Prolong his remaining, and Al-Fazl Bin Sahl, and Sahl Bin Al-Fazl, and Yahya Bin Aksam, and Abdullah Bin Tahir, and Sumama Bin Ashras, and Bishr Bin Al-Mutamir, and Hammad Bin Al-Numan, in the month of Ramazan of the year two hundred and one’.
الشُّهُودُ عَلَى الْجَانِبِ الْأَيْمَنِ شَهِدَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ عَلَى مَضْمُونِ هَذَا الْمَكْتُوبِ ظَهْرِهِ وَ بَطْنِهِ وَ هُوَ يَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُعَرِّفَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ كَافَّةَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بَرَكَةَ هَذَا الْعَهْدِ وَ الْمِيثَاقِ
The witnessed were upon the right-hand side. Yahya Bin Aksam witnessed upon the content of this writing, its outside and its inside, and he asked Allah-azwj to let commander of the faithful and all of the Muslims to know the Blessings of this pact and the covenant.
وَ كَتَبَ بِخَطِّهِ فِي التَّارِيخِ الْمُبَيَّنِ فِيهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ طَاهِرِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ أَثْبَتَ شَهَادَتَهُ فِيهِ بِتَارِيخِهِ شَهِدَ حَمَّادُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ بِمَضْمُونِهِ ظَهْرِهِ وَ بَطْنِهِ وَ كَتَبَ بِيَدِهِ فِي تَارِيخِهِ بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُعْتَمِرِ يَشْهَدُ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ
And Abdullah Bin Tahir Bin Al-Husayn wrote in his handwriting, the date manifested in it, affirming his witnessing in it with his date. Hammad Bin Al-Numan witnessed its contents, its outside and its inside. And Bishr Bin Al-Mutamar wrote by his hand in its date.
الشُّهُودُ عَلَى الْجَانِبِ الْأَيْسَرِ رَسَمَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَطَالَ اللَّهُ بَقَاءَهُ قِرَاءَةَ هَذِهِ الصَّحِيفَةِ الَّتِي هِيَ صَحِيفَةُ الْمِيثَاقِ نَرْجُو أَنْ نَجُوزَ بِهَا الصِّرَاطَ ظَهْرِهَا وَ بَطْنِهَا بِحَرَمِ سَيِّدِنَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بَيْنَ الرَّوْضَةِ وَ الْمِنْبَرِ عَلَى رُءُوسِ الْأَشْهَادِ
The witnesses witnessed with similar to that upon the left side, the line of commander of the faithful, may Allah-azwj Prolong his remaining, recitation of this parchment which it is the parchment of the covenant. We hope that we shall cross the Bridge (in the Hereafter), its apparent and its esoteric, by the sanctuary of our chief Rasool-Allah-saww, between the shrine and the pulpit, on the heads of the witnesses.
بِمَرْأًى وَ مَسْمَعٍ مِنْ وُجُوهِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَ سَائِرِ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ وَ الْأَحْفَادِ بَعْدَ اسْتِيفَاءِ شُرُوطِ الْبَيْعَةِ عَلَيْهِ بِمَا أَوْجَبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْحُجَّةَ بِهِ عَلَى جَمِيعِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لْتَبْطُلِ الشُّبْهَةُ الَّتِي كَانَتِ اعْتَرَضَتْ آرَاءَ الْجَاهِلِينَ وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيَذَرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلى ما أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ
With my eyes and ears, from the faces of the clan of Hashim-as and rest of the friends and the descendants after fulfilment of the conditions of the allegiance upon him with what obligates commander of the faithful, the arguing by it upon entirety of the Muslims, and to invalidate the suspicions which the opinions of the ignorant ones had objected with. And Allah was not going to leave the Momineen to what you are upon presently [3:179].
وَ كَتَبَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ بِأَمْرِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِالتَّارِيخِ فِيهِ.
And it is written by Al-Fazl Bin Sahl by the orders of commander of the faithful, with the date in it’’.[36]
26- كشف، كشف الغمة رَأَيْتُ خَطَّهُ ع فِي وَاسِطٍ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ وَ سِتِّمِائَةٍ جَوَاباً عَمَّا كَتَبَهُ إِلَيْهِ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ هُوَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَصَلَ كِتَابُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَطَالَ اللَّهُ بَقَاءَهُ يَذْكُرُ مَا ثَبَتَ مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ وَ رَسَمَ أَنْ أَكْتُبَ لَهُ مَا صَحَّ عِنْدِي مِنْ حَالِ هَذِهِ الشَّعْرَةِ الْوَاحِدَةِ وَ الْخَشَبَةِ الَّتِي لِرَحَى الْيَدِ لِفَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا وَ عَلَى أَبِيهَا وَ زَوْجِهَا وَ بَنِيهَا
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ –
‘I saw his-asws handwriting in Wasit in the year six hundred and seventy-seven answering to what had been written to him-asws by Al-Mamoun, and it is: ‘In the Name of the Beneficent, the Merciful. The letter of commander of the faithful, may Allah-azwj Prolong his remaining, arrived mentioned what is affirmed from the reports and the writing that I-asws should be writing to him-asws of what is correct in my-asws view, from the state of this one hair, and the wood which was for the hand mill of (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww. May Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon her-asws, and upon her-asws father-saww, and her-asws husband-asws, and her-asws two sons-asws.
فَهَذِهِ الشَّعْرَةُ الْوَاحِدَةُ شَعْرَةٌ مِنْ شَعْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَا شُبْهَةَ وَ لَا شَكَّ وَ هَذِهِ الْخَشَبَةُ الْمَذْكُورَةُ لِفَاطِمَةَ ع لَا رَيْبَ وَ لَا شُبْهَةَ
So this single hair, is a hair from the hairs of Rasool-Allah-saww. There is neither any suspicion nor doubt, and this mentioned wood was for (Syeda) Fatima-asws, there is neither any doubt nor suspicion.
وَ أَنَا قَدْ تَفَحَّصْتُ وَ تَحَدَّيْتُ وَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْكَ فَاقْبَلْ قَوْلِي فَقَدْ أَعْظَمَ اللَّهُ لَكَ فِي هَذَا الْفَحْصِ أَجْراً عَظِيماً وَ بِاللَّهِ التَّوْفِيقُ
And I-asws have checked and challenged, and I-asws have written to you. So, accept my-asws word. May Allah-azwj Magnify for you the mighty Recompense in this verification. And with Allah-azwj is the inclination.
وَ كَتَبَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ وَ عَلَيَّ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَ مِائَتَيْنِ مِنْ هِجْرَةِ صَاحِبِ التَّنْزِيلِ جَدِّي ص.
And it is written by Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, and Ali-asws, in the year two hundred and one from the Hijrah of the owner of the Revelation, my-asws grandfather-saww’’.[37]
27- كا، الكافي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُعَمَّرِ بْنِ خَلَّادٍ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ لِيَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ لَوْ كَتَبْتَ إِلَى بَعْضِ مَنْ يُطِيعُكَ فِي هَذِهِ النَّوَاحِي الَّتِي قَدْ فَسَدَتْ عَلَيْنَا
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muammar Bin Khallaad who said:
Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws said to me: ‘Al-Ma’moun said to me-asws, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws, if you-asws could write to some of the ones who are obedient to you-asws in these areas in which their relationship with us is spoilt’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنْ وَفَيْتَ لِي وَفَيْتُ لَكَ إِنَّمَا دَخَلْتُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ الَّذِي دَخَلْتُ فِيهِ عَلَى أَنْ لَا آمُرَ وَ لَا أَنْهَى وَ لَا أُوَلِّيَ وَ لَا أَعْزِلَ وَ مَا زَادَنِي هَذَا الْأَمْرُ الَّذِي دَخَلْتُ فِيهِ فِي النِّعْمَةِ عِنْدِي شَيْئاً
I-asws said to him: ‘O commander of the faithful! If you fulfil (your commitment) to me-asws, I-asws would (fulfil my-asws commitment) to you, but rather, I-asws have entered into this matter in which I-asws have been entered into, I-asws will not issue commands, nor will I-asws prohibit, nor will I-asws appoint anyone, nor will I-asws dismiss anyone, and this matter which I-asws have entered into has not increased anything for me-asws regarding the bounties.
وَ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَ كِتَابِي يَنْفُذُ فِي الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَرْكَبُ حِمَارِي وَ أَمُرُّ فِي سِكَكِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَ مَا بِهَا أَعَزُّ مِنِّي وَ مَا كَانَ بِهَا أَحَدٌ يَسْأَلُنِي حَاجَةً يُمْكِنُنِي قَضَاؤُهَا لَهُ إِلَّا قَضَيْتُهَا لَهُ فَقَالَ لِي أَفِي بِذَلِكَ.
And I-asws used to be in Al-Medina, and my-asws letter would be established in the east and the west, and I-asws would ride upon my-asws mule and pass by in the markets of Al-Medina, and there would be no one more prestigious than me-asws, and there was none among them who would ask me-asws for a need with the possibility of my-asws fulfilling it, except that I-asws would fulfill it for him’. He said, ‘I will fulfill (my commitment) to you-asws with that’’.[38]
28- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنِ الصُّولِيِّ عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ هَارُونَ الْقَزْوِينِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا جَاءَتْنَا بَيْعَةُ الْمَأْمُونِ لِلرِّضَا ع بِالْعَهْدِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ خَطَبَ بِهَا النَّاسَ عَبْدُ الْجَبَّارِ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الْمُسَاحِقِيُّ فَقَالَ فِي آخِرِ خُطْبَتِهِ أَ تَدْرُونَ مَنْ وَلِيُّ عَهْدِكُمْ هَذَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Bayhaqi, from Al Sowly, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad, from Haroun Al Qazwiny who said,
‘When the allegiance of Al-Mamoun for Al-Reza-asws with the pact came to us at Al-Medina, Abdul Jabbar Bin Saeed Bin Suleyman Al-Musahiqy addressed the people with it. He said in the end of his sermon, ‘Do you know who is your heir apparent? This is Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws Bin ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws!
| سَبْعَةٌ آبَاؤُهُمْ مَنْ هُمْ- | أَخْيَرُ مَنْ يَشْرَبُ صَوْبَ الْغَمَامِ | |
| سَبْعَةٌ آبَاؤُهُمْ مَنْ هُمْ- | أَخْيَرُ مَنْ يَشْرَبُ صَوْبَ الْغَمَامِ |
Seven of his-asws forefathers-asws, who are they-asws? The best ones to have drunk the pouring of the clouds’’.[39]
باب 14 سائر ما جرى بينه ع و بين المأمون و أمرائه
CHAPTER 14 – REST OF WHAT TRANSPIRED BETWEEN HIM-asws AND Al-Mamoun AND HIS GOVERNORS
1- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام وَجَدْتُ فِي بَعْضِ الْكُتُبِ نُسْخَةَ كِتَابِ الْحِبَاءِ وَ الشَّرْطِ مِنَ الرِّضَا عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى ع إِلَى الْعُمَّالِ فِي شَأْنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ وَ أَخِيهِ وَ لَمْ أُرَوَّ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَحَدٍ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ –
‘I found in one of the books, copy of ‘Kitab Al-Hiba Wa Al-Shart’, from Ali Reza Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws to the office bearers in the occupation of Al-Fazl Bin sahl and his brother, and that has not been reported from anyone (else)
أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الْبَدِيءِ الْبَدِيعِ الْقَادِرِ الْقَاهِرِ الرَّقِيبِ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ الْمُقِيتِ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ الَّذِي خَضَعَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ لِمُلْكِهِ وَ ذَلَّ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ لِعِزَّتِهِ وَ اسْتَسْلَمَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ لِقُدْرَتِهِ وَ تَوَاضَعَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ لِسُلْطَانِهِ وَ عَظَمَتِهِ وَ أَحَاطَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عِلْمُهُ وَ أَحْصَاهُ عَدَدَهُ
‘As for after, the Praise is for Allah-azwj the Beginner, the Creator, the Powerful, the Watcher over His-azwj servants, the Nourisher upon His-azwj creatures which humbles all things to His-azwj Kingdom, and disgraces all things to His-azwj Mighty, and yields all things to His-azwj Power, and humbles all things to His-azwj Authority and His-azwj Magnificence and encompasses all things in His-azwj Knowledge and counts its number.
فَلَا يَئُودُهُ كَبِيرٌ وَ لَا يَعْزُبُ عَنْهُ صَغِيرٌ الَّذِي لَا تُدْرِكُهُ أَبْصَارُ النَّاظِرِينَ وَ لَا تُحِيطُ بِهِ صِفَةُ الْوَاصِفِينَ لَهُ الْخَلْقُ وَ الْأَمْرُ وَ الْمَثَلُ الْأَعْلى فِي السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
He-azwj neither Returns the big nor is anything little distant from Him-azwj. The One-azwj Who the sights of the beholders cannot realise, nor can the descriptions of the describers encompass Him-azwj. For Him-azwj is the Creating the affairs, and the lofty example in the skies and the earth, and He-azwj is the Mighty, the Wise.
وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي شَرَعَ الْإِسْلَامَ دِيناً فَفَضَّلَهُ وَ عَظَّمَهُ وَ شَرَّفَهُ وَ كَرَّمَهُ وَ جَعَلَهُ الدِّينَ الْقَيِّمَ الَّذِي لَا يَقْبَلُ غَيْرَهُ وَ الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ الَّذِي لَا يَضِلُّ مَنْ لَزِمَهُ وَ لَا يَهْتَدِي مَنْ صَدَفَ عَنْهُ
And the Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Started Al-Islam as a religion. He-azwj Merited it, and Magnified it, and Ennobled it, and Honoured it, and Made it the religion of the Custodian which, He-azwj will not Accept other than it, and the straight path which the one who sticks to it would not stray, nor will he be guided, the one who turns away from it.
وَ جَعَلَ فِيهِ النُّورَ وَ الْبُرْهَانَ وَ الشِّفَاءَ وَ الْبَيَانَ وَ بَعَثَ بِهِ مَنِ اصْطَفَى مِنْ مَلَائِكَتِهِ إِلَى مَنِ اجْتَبَى مِنْ رُسُلِهِ فِي الْأُمَمِ الْخَالِيَةِ وَ الْقُرُونِ الْمَاضِيَةِ حَتَّى انْتَهَتْ رِسَالَتُهُ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص
And He-azwj Made the Noor to be in it, and the proof, and the healing, and the explanation, and He-azwj Sent it with the one He-azwj Chose from His-as Angels to the one He-azwj Selected from His-azwj Rasools-as among the past communities and the previous generations, until His-azwj Message ended to Muhammad-saww.
فَخَتَمَ بِهِ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ قَفَّى بِهِ عَلَى آثَارِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ بَعَثَهُ رَحْمَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ وَ بَشِيراً لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْمُصَدِّقِينَ وَ نَذِيراً لِلْكَافِرِينَ الْمُكَذِّبِينَ لِتَكُونَ لَهُ الْحُجَّةُ الْبَالِغَةُ وَ لِيَهْلِكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ عَنْ بَيِّنَةٍ وَ يَحْيى مَنْ حَيَّ عَنْ بَيِّنَةٍ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَسَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
He-azwj Ended the Prophets-as with him-saww, and Stopped by him-saww upon the effects of the Messengers-as, and Sent him-saww as a mercy to the worlds, and as a giver of glad tidings to the Momineen, the ratifiers, and as a warner to the Kafirs, the liars, for it to be a conclusive argument for him, and to destroy the ones to be destroyed from a clear proof and to Revive the ones to be revived from a clear proof, and surely Allah is Hearing, Knowing [8:42].
وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَوْرَثَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ مَوَارِيثَ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ اسْتَوْدَعَهُمُ الْعِلْمَ وَ الْحِكْمَةَ وَ جَعَلَهُمْ مَعْدِنَ الْإِمَامَةِ وَ الْخِلَافَةِ وَ أَوْجَبَ وَلَايَتَهُمْ وَ شَرَّفَ مَنْزِلَتَهُمْ
And the Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Caused the People-asws of his-saww Household to inherit the inheritances of the Prophets-as, and Entrust them the knowledge, and the wisdom, and Made them-asws the mines of the Imamate and the caliphate, and obligated their-asws Wilayah, and Ennobled their-asws status.
فَأَمَرَ رَسُولَهُ بِمَسْأَلَةِ أُمَّتِهِ مَوَدَّتَهُمْ إِذْ يَقُولُ قُلْ لا أَسْئَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبى وَ مَا وَصَفَهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ إِذْهَابِ الرِّجْسِ عَنْهُمْ وَ تَطْهِيرِهِ إِيَّاهُمْ فِي قَوْلِهِ إِنَّما يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً
He-azwj Commanded His-azwj Rasool-saww to ask his-saww community for their cordiality when He-azwj Said: Say: ‘I do not ask you for recompense over it, except for the cordiality to be for my relatives’. [42:23]. And what He-azwj Described them-asws with, from the keeping the uncleanness away from them, and His-azwj Purifying them-asws in His-azwj Words: But rather, Allah Intends to Keep the uncleanness away from you, People of the Household, and Purify you (with) a Purification [33:33].
bثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ بَرَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي عِتْرَتِهِ وَ وَصَلَ أَرْحَامَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ فَرَدَّ أُلْفَتَهُمْ وَ جَمَعَ فُرْقَتَهُمْ وَ رَأَبَ صَدْعَهُمْ وَ رَتَقَ فَتْقَهُمْ وَ أَذْهَبَ اللَّهُ بِهِ الضَّغَائِنَ وَ الْإِحَنَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ أَسْكَنَ التَّنَاصُرَ وَ التَّوَاصُلَ وَ الْمَحَبَّةَ وَ الْمَوَدَّةَ قُلُوبَهُمْ
Then Al-Mamoun was righteous to Rasool-Allah-saww regarding his-saww family and connected the kinship of People-asws of his-saww Household. He reciprocated them and united their groups, and nurtured their chests, and patched their cracks, and Allah-azwj has Removed the grudges by him, and the hostilities between them, and calmed their restlessness, and the connections, and the love, and the cordiality of their hearts.
فَأَصْبَحَتْ بِيُمْنِهِ وَ حِفْظِهِ وَ بَرَكَتِهِ وَ بِرِّهِ وَ صِلَتِهِ أَيْدِيهُمْ وَاحِدَةً وَ كَلِمَتُهُمْ جَامِعَةً وَ أَهْوَاؤُهُمْ مُتَّفِقَةً وَ رَعَى الْحُقُوقَ لِأَهْلِهَا وَ وَضَعَ الْمَوَارِيثَ مَوَاضِعَهَا وَ كَافَأَ إِحْسَانَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ وَ حَفِظَ بَلَاءَ الْمُبْلَيْنَ وَ قَرَّبَ وَ بَاعَدَ عَلَى الدِّينِ-
So, it became by his conferment, and his protections, and his blessings, and his act of kindness, and his connecting their hands as one, and their united word, and their concordance of their whims, and taking care of the rights of its people, and placing the inheritances in their places, and sufficing favours of the benefactor, and protecting the afflicted ones from their afflictions, and drawing near the ones distance upon the religion.
ثُمَّ اخْتَصَّ بِالتَّفْضِيلِ وَ التَّقْدِيمِ وَ التَّشْرِيفِ مَنْ قَدَّمَتْهُ مَسَاعِيهِ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ ذَا الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ سَهْلٍ إِذْ رَآهُ لَهُ مُؤَازِراً وَ بِحَقِّهِ قَائِماً وَ بِحُجَّتِهِ نَاطِقاً وَ لِنُقَبَائِهِ نَقِيباً وَ لِخُيُولِهِ قَائِداً وَ لِحُرُوبِهِ مُدَبِّراً وَ لِرَعِيَّتِهِ سَائِساً وَ إِلَيْهِ دَاعِياً وَ لِمَنْ أَجَابَ إِلَى طَاعَتِهِ مُكَافِئاً وَ لِمَنْ عَنَدَ عَنْهَا مُبَايِناً وَ بِنُصْرَتِهِ مُنْفَرِداً وَ لِمَرَضِ الْقُلُوبِ وَ النِّيَّاتِ مُدَاوِياً
Then he chose with the preference, and the advancing, and the ennoblement, the one he advanced for his endeavours. So that was Zul Raiyasateyn Al-Fazl Bin Sahl, when he was him to be a minister for him, and a custodian with his rights, and a speaker with his arguments, and a captain for his captains, and a leader for his cavalry, and a manger for his wars, and a politician for his citizens, and a caller to him and a sufficer for the one who answered to his obedience, and a differentiator for the obstinate ones, and an individual with his help, and a healer for the sickness of the hearts and the intentions.
لَمْ يَنْهَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ قِلَّةُ مَالٍ وَ لَا عَوَزُ رِجَالٍ وَ لَمْ يَمِلْ بِهِ طَمَعٌ وَ لَمْ يَلْفِتْهُ عَنْ نِيَّتِهِ وَ بَصِيرَتِهِ وَجَلٌ بَلْ عِنْدَ مَا يُهَوِّلُهُ الْمُهَوِّلُونَ وَ يُرْعِدُ وَ يُبْرِقُ بِهِ الْمُبْرِقُونَ الْمُرْعِدُونَ وَ كَثْرَةُ الْمُخَالِفِينَ وَ الْمُعَانِدِينَ مِنَ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ وَ الْمُخَاتِلِينَ أَثْبَتُ مَا يَكُونُ عَزِيمَةً وَ أَجْرَأُ جَنَاناً وَ أَنْفَذُ مَكِيدَةً وَ أَحْسَنُ تَدْبِيراً وَ أَقْوَى تَثَبُّتاً فِي حَقِّ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ الدُّعَاءِ إِلَيْهِ
He was not prevented from that by scarcity of wealth, nor the lack of men, and the greed did not incline him, and fright did not turn him around from his intention and his insight. But the terrifier did not terrify him, and the lightning of the emitters of lightning and the thunder of the emitters of thunder, and the large number of adversaries, and the inimical ones from the fighters and the double-dealers. He is as affirmed as can be in determination, and the daring of the crazy ones, and carrying out plots, and goodly management, and strongly affirmed in the right of Al-Mamoun, and the calling to him.
حَتَّى قَصَمَ أَنْيَابَ الضَّلَالَةِ وَ فَلَّ حَدَّهُمْ وَ قَلَّمَ أَظْفَارَهُمْ وَ حَصَدَ شَوْكَتَهُمْ وَ صَرَعَهُمْ مَصَارِعَ الْمُلْحِدِينَ فِي دِينِهِ النَّاكِثِينَ لِعَهْدِهِ الْوَانِينَ فِي أَمْرِهِ الْمُسْتَخِفِّينَ بِحَقِّهِ الْآمِنِينَ لِمَا حَذَّرَ مِنْ سَطْوَتِهِ وَ بَأْسِهِ مَعَ آثَارِ ذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ فِي صُنُوفِ الْأُمَمِ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ
Until he broke the canines of straying, and blunted their sharpness, and clipped their nails, and cut down their thorns, and slayed them the slaying of the atheists in his religion, the breakers of his pact, the variety in his orders, the ones taking lightly with his right, the ones safe when there is caution from his anger and his prowess, with the impacts of Zul Raiyasateyn in types of the communities of the Polytheists.
وَ مَا زَادَ اللَّهُ بِهِ فِي حُدُودِ دَارِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِمَّا قَدْ وَرَدَتْ أَنْبَاؤُهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ قُرِئَتْ بِهِ الْكُتُبُ عَلَى مَنَابِرِكُمْ وَ حَمَلَتْ أَهْلُ الْآفَاقِ عَنْكُمْ إِلَى غَيْرِكُمْ فَانْتَهَى شُكْرُ ذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ بَلَاءَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عِنْدَهُ وَ قِيَامَهُ بِحَقِّهِ وَ ابْتِذَالَهُ مُهْجَتَهُ وَ مُهْجَةَ أَخِيهِ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ الْمَيْمُونِ النَّقِيبَةِ الْمَحْمُودِ السِّيَاسَةِ إِلَى غَايَةٍ تَجَاوَزَ فِيهَا الْمَاضِينَ وَ فَاقَ بِهَا الْفَائِزِينَ
And Allah-azwj did not Increase with it in me-asws, the limits of the house of Muslims from what has been referred of his news to you all, and the letters have been read out with upon your pulpits, and the people of the outskirts have carried on from you to others. So the thanks be to Zul Riyasateyn to end the afflictions of commander of the faithful with him, and his standing with his rights, and his exerting his love and love of his brother Abu Muhammad Al-Hassan Bin Sahl, the auspicious, the pure, the praise-worthy of the politics to a peak, surpassing the past ones in it, and outperforming the successful ones with it.
وَ انْتَهَتْ مُكَافَاةُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِيَّاهُ إِلَى مَا جَعَلَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَ الْقَطَائِعِ وَ الْجَوَاهِرِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ لَا يَفِي بِيَوْمٍ مِنْ أَيَّامِهِ وَ لَا مَقَامٍ مِنْ مَقَامَاتِهِ فَتَرَكَهُ زُهْداً فِيهِ وَ ارْتِفَاعاً مِنْ هِمَّتِهِ عَنْهُ وَ تَوْفِيراً لَهُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ إِطْرَاحاً لِلدُّنْيَا وَ اسْتِصْغَاراً لَهَا وَ إِيثَاراً لِلْآخِرَةِ وَ مُنَافَسَةً فِيهَا
And the rewards of commander of the faithful to him ended to what he made the wealth to be for him, and the pieces of land, and the jewels, and if that was not enough for a day from his days, nor a position from his positions, he left it being ascetic in it, and loftier from his concern with it, and his thrift for it upon the Muslims, and dropping of the world and belittling of it, and his preference for the Hereafter and competing regarding it.
وَ سَأَلَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا لَمْ يَزَلْ لَهُ سَائِلًا وَ إِلَيْهِ رَاغِباً مِنَ التَّخَلِّي وَ التَّزَهُّدِ فَعَظُمَ ذَلِكَ عِنْدَهُ وَ عِنْدَنَا لِمَعْرِفَتِنَا بِمَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي مَكَانِهِ الَّذِي هُوَ بِهِ مِنَ الْعِزِّ لِلدِّينِ وَ السُّلْطَانِ وَ الْقُوَّةِ عَلَى صَلَاحِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ جِهَادِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ مَا أَرَى اللَّهَ بِهِ مِنْ تَصْدِيقِ نِيَّتِهِ وَ يُمْنِ نَقِيبَتِهِ وَ صِحَّةِ تَدْبِيرِهِ وَ قُوَّةِ رَأْيِهِ وَ نُجْحِ طَلِبَتِهِ وَ مُعَاوَنَتِهِ عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَ الْهُدَى وَ الْبِرِّ وَ التَّقْوَى
And commander of the faithful was asked what he was not ceased to be asked about, and being desirous to him from renouncing, and the ascetism. That was great in his presence and in our-asws presence, due to our-asws recognition with what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Made to be in its place which he is with, from the might of the religion and the authority and the strength upon correcting the Muslims and fighting the Polytheists, and what Allah-azwj has Seen with him, from sincerity of his intention, and correctness of his management, and strength of his view, and the success of his obedience, and his assisting him upon the truth and the guidance, and the righteousness, and the piety.
فَلَمَّا وَثِقَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَثِقْنَا مِنْهُ بِالنَّظَرِ لِلدِّينِ وَ إِيْثَارِ مَا فِيهِ صَلَاحُهُ وَ أَعْطَيْنَاهُ سُؤْلَهُ الَّذِي يُشْبِهُ قَدْرَهُ وَ كَتَبْنَا لَهُ كِتَابَ حِبَاءٍ وَ شَرْطٍ قَدْ نَسَخَ فِي أَسْفَلِ كِتَابِي هَذَا
When commander of the faithful trusted, we trusted from him with the consideration of the religion, and preferring what is in it of its betterment, and we-asws gave him his requests which resembled his worth, and we-asws wrote a letter for him as a gift, and conditions have been copied in the bottom of this letter of mine.
وَ أَشْهَدْنَا اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ وَ مَنْ حَضَرَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِنَا وَ الْقُوَّادِ وَ الصَّحَابَةِ وَ الْقُضَاةِ وَ الْفُقَهَاءِ وَ الْخَاصَّةِ وَ الْعَامَّةِ
And we-asws keep Allah-azwj as Witness upon him, and the ones who have attended us-asws from the people of our-asws households, and the leaders, and the companion, and the jurists, and the special ones, and the general ones.
وَ رَأَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْكِتَابَ بِهِ إِلَى الْآفَاقِ لِيَذِيعَ وَ يَشِيعَ فِي أَهْلِهَا وَ يُقْرَأَ عَلَى مَنَابِرِهَا وَ يَثْبُتَ عِنْدَ وُلَاتِهَا وَ قُضَاتِهَا فَسَأَلَنِي أَنْ أَكْتُبَ بِذَلِكَ وَ أَشْرَحَ مَعَانِيَهُ وَ هِيَ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَبْوَابٍ
And commander of the faithful has viewed the writing with it to the horizons in order to broadcast and spread it among its people, and read out upon their pulpits, and affirmed with their governors and their judges. So, he has asked me-asws to write that and explain its meaning. It is upon three chapters.
فَفِي الْبَابِ الْأَوَّلِ الْبَيَانُ عَنْ كُلِّ آثَارِهِ الَّتِي أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ بِهَا حَقَّهُ عَلَيْنَا وَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ الْبَابُ الثَّانِي الْبَيَانُ عَنْ مَرْتَبَتِهِ فِي إِزَاحَةِ عِلَّتِهِ فِي كُلِّ مَا دَبَّرَ وَ دَخَلَ فِيهِ وَ لَا سَبِيلَ عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا تَرَكَ وَ كَرِهَ
In the first chapter is the explanation about all his-saww Ahadeeth which Allah-azwj has Obligated his rights upon us-asws and upon the Muslims. And the second chapter is the explanation about his-saww rank in displacing his cause regarding all what he manages and enters into, and there is no way upon him regarding what he neglects and dislikes.
وَ ذَلِكَ مَا لَيْسَ لِخَلْقٍ مِمَّنْ فِي عُنُقِهِ بَيْعَةٌ إِلَّا لَهُ وَحْدَهُ وَ لِأَخِيهِ وَ مِنْ إِزَاحَةِ الْعِلَّةِ تَحْكِيمُهُمَا فِي كُلِّ مَنْ بَغِيَ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ سَعَى بِفَسَادٍ عَلَيْنَا وَ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ عَلَى أَوْلِيَائِنَا لِئَلَّا يَطْمَعَ طَامِعٌ فِي خِلَافٍ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ لَا مَعْصِيَةٍ لَهُمَا وَ لَا احْتِيَالٍ فِي مَدْخَلٍ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمَا
And that is what isn’t for the people, from the ones in whose neck is an allegiance, except for him along, and for his brother, and from displacement of the cause, judging them regarding everyone who rebels against them both and strives with spoiling upon us-asws and upon them, and upon our-asws friends, let the coveting one should covet in opposing against them, and there is no disobedience to them, nor any fraud in entering between us-asws and them.
وَ الْبَابُ الثَّالِثُ الْبَيَانُ فِي إِعْطَائِنَا إِيَّاهُ مَا أَحَبَّ مِنْ مِلْكِ التَّخَلِّي وَ حِلْيَةِ الزُّهْدِ وَ حُجَّةِ التَّحْقِيقِ لِمَا سَعَى فِيهِ مِنْ ثَوَابِ الْآخِرَةِ بِمَا يَتَقَرَّرُ فِي قَلْبِ مَنْ كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ وَ مَا يَلْزَمُنَا لَهُ مِنَ الْكَرَامَةِ وَ الْعِزِّ وَ الْحِبَاءِ الَّذِي بَذَلْنَاهُ لَهُ وَ لِأَخِيهِ مِنْ مَنْعِهِمَا مَا نَمْنَعُ مِنْهُ أَنْفُسَنَا وَ ذَلِكَ مُحِيطٌ بِكُلِّ مَا يَحْتَاطُ فِيهِ مُحْتَاطٌ فِي أَمْرِ دِينٍ وَ دُنْيَا
And the third chapter is the explanation in his awarding us what he likes from renouncing a kingdom, and the garb of ascetism, and investigative arguments to what one can strive regarding it for the rewards of the Hereafter with what would be delightful in the heart of the that would be from him, and what he has necessitated us from the honouring to him and the endearment and the gifts which we spend for him and for his brother, from preventing them what we prevent ourselves from. And that includes all what an included one can be included in the matters of religion and world’.
وَ هَذِهِ نُسْخَةُ الْكِتَابِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا كِتَابٌ وَ شَرْطٌ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمَأْمُونِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ وَلِيِّ عَهْدِهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى لِذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ فِي يَوْمِ الْإِثْنَيْنِ لِسَبْعٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مِنْ سَنَةِ إِحْدَى وَ مِائَتَيْنِ
And this is a copy of the letter – ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. This is a letter and a condition from Abdullah Al-Mamoun, commander of the faithful and his heir apparent Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws to Zul Riyasateyn Al-Fazl Bin Sahl, during the day of Monday of the seventh (day) vacant from the month of Ramazan of the year two hundred and one.
وَ هُوَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي تَمَّمَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ دَوْلَةَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ عَقَدَ لِوَلِيِّ عَهْدِهِ وَ أَلْبَسَ النَّاسَ اللِّبَاسَ الْأَخْضَرَ وَ بَلَغَ أَمَلَهُ فِي صَلَاحِ وَلِيِّهِ وَ الظَّفَرِ بِعَدُوِّهِ إِنَّا دَعَوْنَاكَ إِلَى مَا فِيهِ بَعْضُ مُكَافَاتِكَ عَلَى مَا قُمْتَ بِهِ مِنْ حَقِّ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ حَقِّ رَسُولِهِ وَ حَقِّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ وَلِيِّ عَهْدِهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى وَ حَقِّ هَاشِمٍ الَّتِي بِهَا يُرْجَى صَلَاحُ الدِّينِ وَ سَلَامَةُ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ بَيْنِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى أَنْ ثَبَتَتِ النِّعْمَةُ عَلَيْنَا وَ عَلَى الْعَامَّةِ بِذَلِكَ
And it is the day in which Allah-azwj has Completed the government of commander of the faithful, and tied for his heir apparent, and the people have nor the green clothes, and his hopes regarding the betterment of his governor has reached, and the winning with his enemies. We are calling you to what in it is some of your rewards upon what you shall be standing with, from the rights of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted, and rights of His-azwj Rasool-saww, and rights of commander of the faithful, and of his heir apparent Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws, and rights of Hashim, which he hopes for the betterment of the religion and safety between the Muslims until the favours are proven upon us and upon the general public with that.
وَ بِمَا عَاوَنْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ إِقَامَةِ الدِّينِ وَ السُّنَّةِ وَ إِظْهَارِ الدَّعْوَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ وَ إِيْثَارِ الْأَوْلَى مَعَ قَمْعِ الشِّرْكِ وَ كَسْرِ الْأَصْنَامِ وَ قَتْلِ الْعُتَاةِ وَ سَائِرِ آثَارِكَ الْمُمَثَّلَةِ لِلْأَمْصَارِ فِي الْمَخْلُوعِ وَ فِي الْمُتَسَمَّى بِالْأَصْفَرِ الْمُكَنَّى بِأَبِي السَّرَايَا وَ فِي الْمُتَسَمَّى بِالْمَهْدِيِّ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الطَّالِبِيِّ وَ التُّرْكِ الخزلجية وَ فِي طَبَرِسْتَانَ وَ مُلُوكِهَا إِلَى بُنْدَارَ هُرْمُزَ بْنِ شروين وَ فِي الدَّيْلَمِ وَ مَلِكِهَا وَ فِي كَابُلَ وَ مَلِكِهَا المهوزين
And with what he helped commander of the faithful upon it from establishing the religion and the Sunnah, and manifesting the second call and preferring the first with supressing the Shirk, and breaking the idols, and killing the transgressors and rest of your impacts resembled to the cities regarding the renouncement and regarding the ones named as Al-Asfar, teknonymed at Abu Al-Saraya, and regarding the one named at Al-Mahdy, Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al-Taliby, and the Turk Al-Khazlajiya, and in Tabristan and its kingships up to Bundr Hurmuz Bin Sharweyn, and in Al-Daylam and its kingdoms, and in Kabul and its kingdom Al-Mahuzeyn.
ثُمَّ مَلِكِهَا الْأَصْفَهْبُدِ وَ فِي ابْنِ الْمُبْرَمِ وَ جِبَالِ بداربنده وَ غرشستان وَ الغور وَ أَصْنَافِهَا وَ فِي خُرَاسَانَ خَاقَانَ وَ ملون صَاحِبِ جَبَلِ التَّبَّتِ وَ فِي كيمان وَ التغرغر وَ فِي إِرْمِينِيَّةَ وَ الْحِجَازِ وَ صَاحِبِ السَّرِيرِ وَ صَاحِبِ الْخَزَرِ وَ فِي الْمَغْرِبِ وَ حُرُوبِهِ
Then it was ruled by Al-Asfabud, and in Ibn Al-Mubram, and the mountains of Badarandah and Gurshistan, and Al-Gowr and its types, and in Khurasan Khaqan, and Maloun companion of the mountain of Tibet, and in Keyman, and Al-Tagargaz, and in Armenia, and Al-Hijaz, and owner of the throne, and owner of the Khazar, and in the west, and its wars.
وَ تَفْسِيرُ ذَلِكَ فِي دِيوَانِ السِّيرَةِ وَ كَانَ مَا دَعَوْنَاكَ إِلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ مَعُونَةٌ لَكَ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ غَلَّةَ عَشَرَةِ أَلْفِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ جَوْهَراً سِوَى مَا أَقْطَعَكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ وَ قِيمَةُ مِائَةِ أَلْفِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ جَوْهَراً يَسِيرُ عِنْدَ مَا أَنْتَ لَهُ مُسْتَحِقٌّ
And the interpretation of that is in the register of the biographies what we-asws are calling you to, and it is an aid for you of one hundred million Dirhams, and a yield of ten million Dirhams of jewels, besides what commander of the faithful had cut out for you before that, and a value of one hundred million Dirhams of jewels to go to be in the possession of what you are deserving of.
فَقَدْ تَرَكْتَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ حِينَ بَذَلَهُ لَكَ الْمَخْلُوعُ وَ آثَرْتَ اللَّهَ وَ دِينَهُ وَ أَنَّكَ شَكَرْتَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ وَلِيَّ عَهْدِهِ وَ آثَرْتَ تَوْفِيرَ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ جُدْتَ لَهُمْ بِهِ وَ سَأَلْتَنَا أَنْ تَبْلُغَكَ الْخَصْلَةُ الَّتِي لَمْ تَزَلْ إِلَيْهَا تَائِقاً مِنَ الزُّهْدِ وَ التَّخَلِّي لِيَصِحَّ عِنْدَ مَنْ شَكَّ فِي سَعْيِكَ لِلْآخِرَةِ دُونَ الدُّنْيَا
You have neglected the likes of that when the deposed one had spent for you and preferred Allah-azwj and His-azwj religion, and you thanked commander of the faithful and his heir apparent, and preferred the fulfilment of all that upon the Muslims, and you pulled for them by it, and asked us deliver to you the qualities which you did not cease to be yearning for ascetism, and the isolation in order to correct from a doubt regarding your striving for the Hereafter besides the world.
تَرْكُكَ الدُّنْيَا وَ مَا عَنْ مِثْلِكَ يُسْتَغْنَى فِي حَالٍ وَ لَا مِثْلُكَ رُدَّ عَنْ طَلِبَتِهِ وَ لَوْ أَخْرَجَتْنَا طَلِبَتُكَ عَنْ شَطْرِ النِّعَمِ عَلَيْنَا فَكَيْفَ بِأَمْرٍ رُفِعَتْ فِيهِ الْمَئُونَةُ وَ أُوجِبَتْ بِهِ الْحُجَّةُ عَلَى مَنْ كَانَ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ دُعَاءَكَ إِلَيْنَا لِلدُّنْيَا لَا لِلْآخِرَةِ
Your neglecting the world and what the likes of you would have been rich in the current situation, and nor would the likes of you return from his obedience. And if you were to take us out from the division of the bounties upon us, so how would it be with a mater in which the assistance is raised in it, and the argument is obligated with it upon the one who had determined to call you to us for the sake of the world, not for the Hereafter.
وَ قَدْ أَجَبْنَاكَ إِلَى مَا سَأَلْتَ وَ جَعَلْنَا ذَلِكَ لَكَ مُؤَكَّداً بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَ مِيثَاقِهِ الَّذِي لَا تَبْدِيلَ لَهُ وَ لَا تَغْيِيرَ وَ فَوَّضْنَا الْأَمْرَ فِي وَقْتِ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْكَ
And we-asws have answered you to what you had asked, and we-asws have made that to be for you as an emphasis with the pact of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Covenant which there is no replacement for it nor can it be altered, and we-asws have delegated the matter during that time to you.
فَمَا أَقَمْتَ فَعَزِيزٌ مُزَاحُ الْعِلَّةِ مَدْفُوعٌ عَنْكَ الدُّخُولُ فِيمَا تَكْرَهُ مِنَ الْأَعْمَالِ كَائِناً مَا كَانَ نَمْنَعُكَ مِمَّا نَمْنَعُ مِنْهُ أَنْفُسَنَا فِي الْحَالاتِ كُلِّهَا وَ أنا [إِذَا] أَرَدْتَ التَّخَلِّيَ فَمُكَرَّمٌ مُزَاحُ الْبَدَنِ وَ حَقٌّ لِبَدَنِكَ الرَّاحَةُ وَ الْكَرَامَةُ
So, whatever you establish, so it should be free from jesting, a cause to defend from you the entering into what you dislike from the deeds, whatever happens, may happen! We shall prevent you from what we are preventing ourselves during the situations, all of them. And whenever you want the renouncement, then the bodily jesting is honourable, and it is a right of your body for the rest and the benevolence.
ثُمَّ نُعْطِيكَ مَا تَتَنَاوَلُهُ مِمَّا بَذَلْنَاهُ لَكَ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ فَتَرَكْتُهُ الْيَوْمَ وَ جَعَلْنَا لِلْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ مِثْلَ مَا جَعَلْنَاهُ لَكَ وَ نِصْفُ مَا بَذَلْنَاهُ مِنَ الْعَطِيَّةِ وَ أَهْلُ ذَلِكَ هُوَ لَكَ وَ بِمَا بَذَلَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ فِي جِهَادِ الْعُتَاةِ وَ فَتْحِ الْعِرَاقِ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَ تَفْرِيقِ جُمُوعِ الشَّيْطَانِ بِيَدَيْهِ حَتَّى قَوَّى الدِّينَ وَ خَاضَ نِيرَانَ الْحُرُوبِ وَفَاءً وَ شُكْراً بِنَفْسِهِ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ مَنْ سَاسَ مِنْ أَوْلِيَاءِ الْحَقِّ
Then we-asws give you what you shall take from what we-asws shall be spending for you in this letter. You can leave it today, and we-asws shall make to be for Al-Hassan Bin Sahl similar to what we-asws are making it to be for you, and half of what we spend from the award, and the rightful of that, it is for you, and with what he is spending from himself regarding the Jihad, and conquest of Al-Iraq twice, and scattering of the satanic crowd by his hand, until the religion is strengthened and the fires of wars are engaged into as a loyalty, and appreciation of himself and his family members, the one from the friends of the truth who has power.
وَ أَشْهَدْنَا اللَّهَ وَ مَلَائِكَتَهُ وَ خِيَارَ خَلْقِهِ وَ كُلَّ مَنْ أَعْطَانَا بَيْعَتَهُ وَ صَفْقَةَ يَمِينِهِ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ وَ بَعْدَهُ عَلَى مَا فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ وَ جَعَلْنَا اللَّهَ عَلَيْنَا كَفِيلًا وَ أَوْجَبْنَا عَلَى أَنْفُسِنَا الْوَفَاءَ بِمَا شَرَطْنَا مِنْ غَيْرِ اسْتِثْنَاءٍ بِشَيْءٍ يَنْقُضُهُ فِي سِرٍّ وَ عَلَانِيَةٍ
And we-asws keep as witnesses, Allah-azwj and His-azwj Angels, and best of His-azwj creatures, and the ones who have given us his allegiance, and his clap with his right hand during this day and after it, based upon what is in this letter. And we make Allah-azwj to be a Guarantor upon us-asws and we obligate the loyalty to be upon ourselves-asws with what we-asws have stipulated, from without there being any exclusion of anything to break it in the secret or openly.
وَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ وَ الْعَهْدُ فَرْضٌ مَسْئُولٌ وَ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالْوَفَاءِ مَنْ طَلَبَ مِنَ النَّاسِ الْوَفَاءَ وَ كَانَ مَوْضِعاً لِلْقُدْرَةِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ وَ أَوْفُوا بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ إِذا عاهَدْتُمْ وَ لا تَنْقُضُوا الْأَيْمانَ بَعْدَ تَوْكِيدِها وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُمُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْكُمْ كَفِيلًا إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ ما تَفْعَلُونَ
And the Momineen are with their conditions and the pact, being an obligation to be questioned, and the foremost of the people with the loyalty is the one who seeks the loyalty from the people, and it would be instead of the power, as Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted is Saying: And fulfil the Covenant of Allah when you were Covenanted and do not be breaking the oaths after its affirmation, and you have already made Allah as a surety upon you. Surely, Allah Knows what you are doing [16:91]’.
وَ كَتَبَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ تَوْقِيعَ الْمَأْمُونِ فِيهِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ قَدْ أَوْجَبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ جَمِيعَ مَا فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ وَ أَشْهَدَ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ جَعَلَهُ عَلَيْهِ دَاعِياً وَ كَفِيلًا وَ كَتَبَ بِخَطِّهِ فِي صَفَرٍ سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ تَشْرِيفاً لِلْحِبَاءِ وَ تَوْكِيداً لِلشَّرِيطَةِ
And Al-Hassan Bin Sahl wrote a note of Al-Mamoun. In it was, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The commander of the faithful has obligated upon himself entirety of what is in this letter, and he keeps Allah-azwj the Blessed and Exalted as Witness and Makes Him-azwj to be upon him as a Guarantor’. And he wrote by his handwriting in (month of) Safar of the year two hundred and two, in honour of the beloved ones and an emphasis of the stipulated conditions’.
تَوْقِيعُ الرِّضَا ع بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ قَدْ أَلْزَمَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى نَفْسَهُ جَمِيعَ مَا فِي الْكِتَابِ عَلَى مَا وُكِّدَ فِيهِ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ وَ غَدِهِ مَا دَامَ حَيّاً وَ جَعَلَ اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ رَاعِياً وَ كَفِيلًا وَ كَفى بِاللَّهِ شَهِيداً
The note of Al-Reza-asws: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws necessitates upon himself-asws entirety of what is in the letter based upon what is emphasised in it, from his day and tomorrow for as long as he-asws is alive, and he-asws makes Allah-azwj to be upon him-asws as a Caretaker and a Guarantor, and he-asws sufficed with Allah-azwj as a Witness.
وَ كَتَبَ بِخَطِّهِ فِي هَذَا الشَّهْرِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ وَ حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ.
And he-asws writes with his-asws handwriting during this month from this year. And the Praise is for Allah-azwj Lord-azwj of the worlds and may Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws, and greetings. And Allah-azwj Suffices us-asws and He-azwj is the best Protector’’.[40]
2- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الصُّولِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْمُبَرَّدِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي الْحَافِظُ عَنْ ثُمَامَةَ بْنِ أَشْرَسَ قَالَ: عَرَضَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَوْماً لِلرِّضَا ع بِالامْتِنَانِ عَلَيْهِ بِأَنْ وَلَّاهُ الْعَهْدَ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ مَنْ أَخَذَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ لَخَلِيقٌ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ بِهِ.
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Husayn Bin Ahmad Al Bayhaqi, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Sowly, from Muhammad Bin Yazeed Al Mubarrad who said, ‘It is narrated to me by Al Hafiz, from Sumama Bin Ashras who said,
‘One day Al-Mamoun presented to Al-Reza-asws with the gratitude to him with having made him-asws his heir apparent. He-asws said to him: ‘The one who takes due to Rasool-Allah-saww for people would be given it’’.[41]
3- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ قَصَدَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ مَعَ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الرِّضَا ع فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ جِئْتُكَ فِي سِرٍّ فَأَخْلِ لِيَ الْمَجْلِسَ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ –
‘Al-Fazl Bin Sahl, along with Hisham Bin Amro, aimed for Al-Reza-asws. He said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! I have come to you regarding a secret, so vacate the gathering for me’.
فَأَخْرَجَ الْفَضْلُ يَمِيناً مَكْتُوبَةً بِالْعِتْقِ وَ الطَّلَاقِ وَ مَالًا كَفَّارَةً لَهُ وَ قَالا لَهُ إِنَّا جِئْنَاكَ لِنَقُولَ كَلِمَةَ حَقٍّ وَ صِدْقٍ وَ قَدْ عَلِمْنَا أَنَّ الْإِمْرَةَ إِمْرَتُكُمْ وَ الْحَقَّ حَقُّكُمْ
Al-Fazl brought out a written oath with the freeing (of slaves) and the divorce, and money as an expiation for it, and they said to him-asws, ‘We have come to you-asws for us to be saying the word of truth and sincerity, and we have known that the governance is (actually) your-asws governance, and the right is your-asws right.
يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ الَّذِي نَقُولُ بِأَلْسِنَتِنَا عَلَيْهِ ضَمَائِرُنَا وَ إِلَّا نُعْتِقْ مَا نَمْلِكُ وَ النِّسَاءُ طَوَالِقُ وَ عَلَيَّ ثَلَاثُونَ حِجَّةً رَاجِلًا إِنَّا عَلَى أَنْ نَقْتُلَ الْمَأْمُونَ وَ نُخَلِّصَ لَكَ الْأَمْرَ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ الْحَقُّ إِلَيْكَ
O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! And that which we are saying with our tongues, our consciences are upon it, or else we shall free whatever (slaves) we own, and the wives are divorced, and there are thirty testaments of foot soldiers, of what we are upon that we would kill Al-Mamoun and finish off the command for you-asws until the right returns to you-asws’.
فَلَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْهُمَا وَ شَتَمَهُمَا وَ لَعَنَهُمَا وَ قَالَ لَهُمَا كَفَرْتُمَا النِّعْمَةَ فَلَا تَكُونُ لَكُمَا سَلَامَةٌ وَ لَا لِي إِنْ رَضِيتُ بِمَا قُلْتُمَا
He-asws did not listen from them, and insulted them, and cursed them, and said to them both: You two are committing Kufr with the Bounties, so there can neither happen to be safety for you nor for me-asws, if I-asws were to agree with what you are saying’.
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ الْفَضْلُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ مَعَ هِشَامٍ عَلِمَا أَنَّهُمَا أَخْطَئَا فَقَصَدَا الْمَأْمُونَ بَعْدَ أَنْ قَالا لِلرِّضَا ع أَرَدْنَا بِمَا فَعَلْنَا أَنْ نُجَرِّبَكَ
When Al-Fazl heard that from him-asws with Hisham, they knew that they had erred, so they went to Al-Mamoun afterwards and said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘We had intended with what we did to test you-asws’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمَا الرِّضَا ع كَذَبْتُمَا فَإِنَّ قُلُوبَكُمَا عَلَى مَا أَخْبَرْتُمَانِي إِلَّا أَنَّكُمَا لَمْ تَجِدَانِي نَحْوَ مَا أَرَدْتُمَا
Al-Reza-asws said to them: ‘You are lying, for your hearts are upon what you had informed me-asws, except that you did not find me-asws approximate to what you had wanted’.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَا عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ قَالا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّا قَصَدْنَا الرِّضَا وَ جَرَّبْنَاهُ وَ أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نَقِفَ عَلَى مَا يُضْمِرُهُ لَكَ فَقُلْنَا وَ قَالَ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ وُفِّقْتُمَا
When they entered to see Al-Mamoun, they said, ‘O commander of the faithful! We had gone to Al-Reza-asws and tested him-asws, and we want to stand upon what he-asws harbours for you of what we said and he-asws said’. Al-Mamoun said, ‘Make to be friends again!’
فَلَمَّا خَرَجَا مِنْ عِنْدِ الْمَأْمُونِ قَصَدَهُ الرِّضَا ع وَ أَخْلَيَا الْمَجْلِسَ وَ أَعْلَمَهُ مَا قَالا وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَحْفَظَ نَفْسَهُ مِنْهُمَا فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الرِّضَا ع عَلِمَ أَنَّ الرِّضَا ع هُوَ الصَّادِقُ.
When they went out from the presence of Al-Mamoun, Al-Reza-asws went to him and they vacated the gathering, and he-asws let him know of what they had both said and instructed him to protect himself from them. When he heard that from Al-Reza-asws, he knew that Al-Reza-asws, he-asws is the truthful’’.[42]
4- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْهَمَدَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِيِّ قَالَ: بَعَثَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع جَارِيَةً فَلَمَّا أُدْخِلَتْ إِلَيْهِ اشْمَأَزَّتْ مِنَ الشَّيْبِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى كَرَاهَتَهَا رَدَّهَا إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ بِهَذِهِ الْأَبْيَاتِ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Hamdany, from Ali, from his father, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Al Hasany who said,
‘Al-Mamoun sent a maid to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws. When she entered to see him-asws, she was constricted from the grey-hair (of his). When he-asws saw her abhorrence, he-asws returned her to Al-Mamoun and wrote to him these couplets:
| نَعَى نَفْسِي إِلَى نَفْسِي الْمَشِيبُ- | وَ عِنْدَ الشَّيْبِ يَتَّعِظُ اللَّبِيبُ- | |
| فَقَدْ وَلَّى الشَّبَابُ إِلَى مَدَاهُ | فَلَسْتُ أَرَى مَوَاضِعَهُ تَئُوبُ- | |
| سَأَبْكِيهِ وَ أَنْدُبُهُ طَوِيلًا- | وَ أَدْعُوهُ إِلَيَّ عَسَى يُجِيبُ | |
| وَ هَيْهَاتَ الَّذِي قَدْ فَاتَ مِنْهُ- | تُمَنِّينِي بِهِ النَّفْسُ الْكَذُوبُ- |
‘My soul, gave the news to my soul of the old age, and in the presence of the youth the intelligent one exalts himself. The youth has gone to its direction, and I don’t see any place of its return. I shall be crying for it and lament it for a long time, and I shall call it back to me-asws, perhaps it would answer. Far be it! That which is lost from him, that it should be hoped for by the lying soul.
| وَدَاعُ الْغَانِيَاتِ بَيَاضُ رَأْسِي- | وَ مَنْ مُدَّ الْبَقَاءُ لَهُ يَشِيبُ- | |
| أَرَى الْبِيضَ الْحِسَانَ يَحُدْنَ عَنِّي- | وَ فِي هِجْرَانِهِنَّ لَنَا نَصِيبٌ- | |
| فَإِنْ يَكُنِ الشَّبَابُ مَضَى حَبِيباً- | فَإِنَّ الشَّيْبَ أَيْضاً لِي حَبِيبٌ- | |
| سَأَصْحَبُهُ بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ حَتَّى- | يُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَنَا الْأَجَلُ الْقَرِيبُ |
Farewell to the female singers due to the whiteness of my head, and the one whose life has been extended for him would go grey. I see the whiteness turning the beauties away from me, and in their desertion, there is a share for us. So, if the youthfulness has gone away as a beloved, then the grey-hair as well is a beloved for me-asws. I shall accompany it with the fear of Allah-azwj until the death separates between us very soon’’.[43]
5- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام حَمْزَةُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ يَاسِرٍ الْخَادِمِ قَالَ: كَانَ الرِّضَا ع إِذَا خَلَا جَمَعَ حَشَمَهُ كُلَّهُمْ عِنْدَهُ الصَّغِيرَ وَ الْكَبِيرَ فَيُحَدِّثُهُمْ وَ يَأْنَسُ بِهِمْ وَ يُؤْنِسُهُمْ وَ كَانَ ع إِذَا جَلَسَ عَلَى الْمَائِدَةِ لَا يَدَعُ صَغِيراً وَ لَا كَبِيراً حَتَّى السَّائِسَ وَ الْحَجَّامَ إِلَّا أَقْعَدَهُ مَعَهُ عَلَى مَائِدَتِهِ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Hamza Al Alawy, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Yasser the servant who said,
‘Al-Reza-asws when he-asws would be alone, he-asws would gather his-asws servant in his-asws presence, all of them, the young and the old. He-asws would narrate to them and be comforted by them (after teaching them). And when he-asws sat upon the meal, he-asws would neither leave out any young nor old, even the politician and the barber, except he-asws would make him sit with him-asws upon his-asws meal.
قَالَ يَاسِرٌ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ يَوْماً إِذْ سَمِعْنَا وَقْعَ الْقُفْلِ الَّذِي كَانَ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَأْمُونِ إِلَى دَارِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فَقَالَ لَنَا الرِّضَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع قُومُوا تَفَرَّقُوا فَقُمْنَا عَنْهُ فَجَاءَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ مَعَهُ كِتَابٌ طَوِيلٌ فَأَرَادَ الرِّضَا ع أَنْ يَقُومَ فَأَقْسَمَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَأْمُونُ بِحَقِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ لَا يَقُومَ إِلَيْهِ
Yasser (the servant) said, ‘While we were in his-asws presence one day, when we heard the fall of the lock which was upon a door of Al-Mamoun to the house of Abu Al-Hassan-asws. Al-Reza Abu Al-Hassan-asws said to us: ‘Arise and disperse!’ We arose away from him-asws. Al-Mamoun came and there was a long letter with him. Al-Reza-asws wanted to stand but Al-Mamoun vowed upon him-asws by the right of Rasool-Allah-saww that he-asws will not stand to him.
ثُمَّ جَاءَ حَتَّى انْكَبَّ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع وَ قَبَّلَ وَجْهَهُ وَ قَعَدَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ عَلَى وِسَادَةٍ فَقَرَأَ ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ فَتْحٌ لِبَعْضِ قُرَى كَابُلَ فِيهِ إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا قَرْيَةَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا
Then he came until he devoted to Abu Al-Hassan-asws and kissed his-asws face and sat in front of him-asws upon a pillow. He read out that letter to him-asws, and there was in it the conquest of one of the towns of Kabul, ‘We have conquered such and such town’.
فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع وَ سَرَّكَ فَتْحُ قَرْيَةٍ مِنْ قُرَى الشِّرْكِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ أَ وَ لَيْسَ فِي ذَلِكَ سُرُورٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ فِي أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ مَا وَلَّاكَ اللَّهُ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَ خَصَّكَ بِهِ فَإِنَّكَ قَدْ ضَيَّعْتَ أُمُورَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ فَوَّضْتَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى غَيْرِكَ يَحْكُمُ فِيهِمْ بِغَيْرِ حُكْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ قَعَدْتَ فِي هَذِهِ الْبِلَادِ
When he was free, Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘And the conquest of a town from the towns of Shirk cheers you?’ Al-Mamoun said to him-asws, ‘Or isn’t there happiness in that?’ He-asws said: ‘O commander of the faithful! Fear Allah-azwj regarding the community of Muhammad-saww, and Allah-azwj has not Placed you in charge of this command and Specialised you with it, for you have wasted the affairs of the Muslims and have delegated that to others to judge among them without a Judgment of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and you are sitting in this city.
وَ تَرَكْتَ بَيْتَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ مَهْبِطَ الْوَحْيِ وَ إِنَّ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارَ يُظْلَمُونَ دُونَكَ وَ لا يَرْقُبُونَ فِي مُؤْمِنٍ إِلًّا وَ لا ذِمَّةً وَ يَأْتِي عَلَى الْمَظْلُومِ دَهْرٌ يُتْعِبُ فِيهِ نَفْسَهُ وَ يَعْجِزُ عَنْ نَفَقَتِهِ فَلَا يَجِدُ مَنْ يَشْكُو إِلَيْهِ حَالَهُ وَ لَا يَصِلُ إِلَيْكَ
And you have neglected the house of emigration (Al-Medina), and descent of the Revelation, and the Emigrants and the Helpers are oppressing besides you, They are not giving any regard for a Momin only nor any guarantee; and these, they are the aggressors [9:10], and there shall come a time upon the oppressed he would exhaust himself during it and be unable from his expenditure, and he will not find someone to complain to of his situation nor will he (be able to) arrive to you.
فَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي أُمُورِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ ارْجِعْ إِلَى بَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ مَعْدِنِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنَّ وَالِيَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِثْلُ الْعَمُودِ فِي وَسَطِ الْفُسْطَاطِ مَنْ أَرَادَهُ أَخَذَهُ
Fear Allah-azwj, O commander of the faithful, regarding the affairs of the Muslims, and return to the house of the Prophet-hood and the centre of the Emigrants and the Helpers. Don’t you know, O commander of the faithful that the ruler of the Muslims is like the pillar in the middle of the tent? One who wants it, can hold it!’
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا سَيِّدِي فَمَا تَرَى
Al-Mamoun said, ‘O my Master-asws! So what is your-asws view?’
قَالَ أَرَى أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْبِلَادِ وَ تَتَحَوَّلَ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ آبَائِكَ وَ أَجْدَادِكَ وَ تَنْظُرَ فِي أُمُورِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لَا تَكِلَهُمْ إِلَى غَيْرِكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سَائِلُكَ عَمَّا وَلَّاكَ
He-asws said: ‘I-asws view that you should go out from this city and transfer to the place of your fathers and your grandfathers, and you should look into the affairs of the Muslims and not allocate them to someone else, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will be Questioning you about what you have ruled (upon)’.
فَقَامَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَقَالَ نِعْمَ مَا قُلْتَ يَا سَيِّدِي هَذَا هُوَ الرَّأْيُ وَ خَرَجَ وَ أَمَرَ أَنْ تُقَدَّمَ النَّوَائِبُ وَ بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ ذَا الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ فَغَمَّهُ غَمّاً شَدِيداً وَ قَدْ كَانَ غَلَبَ عَلَى الْأَمْرِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْمَأْمُونِ عِنْدَهُ رَأْيٌ فَلَمْ يَجْسُرْ أَنْ يُكَاشِفَهُ
Al-Mamoun stood up and said, ‘Good is what you-asws have said, O my Master-asws! This, it is the (correct) view’. And he went out and ordered with advancing the deputies. And that (news) reached Zul Riyasateyn. It saddened with severe sadness, and he had overcome upon the command and there did not happen to be any view for Al-Mamoun in his presence. But he did not dare to express it.
ثُمَّ قَوِيَ الرِّضَا ع جِدّاً فَجَاءَ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا هَذَا الرَّأْيُ الَّذِي أَمَرْتَ بِهِ فَقَالَ أَمَرَنِي سَيِّدِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بِذَلِكَ وَ هُوَ الصَّوَابُ
Then Al-Reza-asws was strengthened a lot. Zul Riyasateyn came to Al-Mamoun and said, ‘O commander of the faithful! What is this view which you have ordered with?’ He said, ‘My Master-asws Abu Al-Hassan-asws has instructed me with that, and it is the correct’.
فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا هَذَا بِصَوَابٍ قَتَلْتَ بِالْأَمْسِ أَخَاكَ وَ أَزَلْتَ الْخِلَافَةَ عَنْهُ وَ بَنُو أَبِيكَ مُعَادُونَ لَكَ وَ جَمِيعُ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ وَ الْعَرَبِ ثُمَّ أَحْدَثْتَ هَذَا الْحَدَثَ
He said, ‘O commander of the faithful! This is not with correctness. Yesterday you killed your own brother and snatched the caliphate from him, and the sons of your father are enemies to you, and so are the entire people of Al-Iraq, and your own family members, and the Arabs. Then you are innovating this innovation!
الثَّانِيَ أَنَّكَ جَعَلْتَ وِلَايَةَ الْعَهْدِ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ وَ أَخْرَجْتَهَا مِنْ بَنِي أَبِيكَ وَ الْعَامَّةُ وَ الْعُلَمَاءُ وَ الْفُقَهَاءُ وَ آلُ عَبَّاسٍ لَا يَرْضَوْنَ بِذَلِكَ وَ قُلُوبُهُمْ مُتَنَافِرَةٌ عَنْكَ وَ الرَّأْيُ أَنْ تُقِيمَ بِخُرَاسَانَ حَتَّى تَسْكُنَ قُلُوبُ النَّاسِ عَلَى هَذَا وَ يَتَنَاسَوْا مَا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ مُحَمَّدٍ أَخِيكَ
Secondly, you have made the reign (heir apparent) to be for Abu Al-Hassan-asws and took it out from the sons of your father, and the general public, and the scholars, and the jurists, and the progeny of Abbas. They do not agree with that, and their hearts are turned away from you, and the (correct) view is that you should stay at Khurasan until the hearts of the people calm down upon this, until they forget what has happened from the matter of your brother Muhammad (Al-Ameen whom you have killed).
وَ هَاهُنَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَشَايِخُ قَدْ خَدَمُوا الرَّشِيدَ وَ عَرَفُوا الْأَمْرَ فَاسْتَشِرْهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ أَشَارُوا بِهِ فَأَمْضِهِ
O commander of the faithful! And there are elders over here who had served Al-Rasheed, and they understand the matter, so consult them regarding that. So, if they were to consult with it, then implement it’.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ مِثْلُ مَنْ قَالَ مِثْلُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ وَ ابْنِ مُونِسَ وَ الْجَلُودِيِّ وَ هَؤُلَاءِ هُمُ الَّذِينَ نَقَمُوا بَيْعَةَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع وَ لَمْ يَرْضَوْا بِهِ فَحَبَسَهُمُ الْمَأْمُونُ بِهَذَا السَّبَبِ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ نَعَمْ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘Like who?’ He said, ‘Like Ali Bin Abu Immran, and Ibn Musa, and Al-Jaloudy, and these people, they are those who are resenting the allegiance of Abu Al-Hassan-asws, and they are not pleased with it, so Al-Mamoun has imprisoned them due to this reason’. Al-Mamoun said, ‘Yes’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ جَاءَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع فَدَخَلَ عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا صَنَعْتَ فَحَكَى لَهُ مَا قَالَ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ وَ دَعَا الْمَأْمُونُ بِهَؤُلَاءِ النَّفَرِ فَأَخْرَجَهُمْ مِنَ الْحَبْسِ
When it was the next morning, Abu Al-Hassan-asws came and entered to see Al-Mamoun. He-asws said, ‘O commander of the faithful! What did you do?’ He told him-asws what Zul Riyasateyn has said. And Al-Mamoun called them, the number (of persons mentioned) and extracted them from the prison.
فَأَوَّلُ مَنْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع بِجَنْبِ الْمَأْمُونِ فَقَالَ أُعِيذُكَ بِاللَّهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْ تُخْرِجَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ الَّذِي جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَ خَصَّكُمْ بِهِ وَ تَجْعَلَهُ فِي أَيْدِي أَعْدَائِكُمْ وَ مَنْ كَانَ آبَاؤُكَ يَقْتُلُونَهُمْ وَ يُشَرِّدُونَهُمْ فِي الْبِلَادِ
The first one to enter to see him was Ali Bin Abu Imran. He looked at Al-Reza-asws being by the side of Al-Mamoun. He said, ‘I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj, O commander of the faithful, from your taking this command which Allah-azwj has Made it to be for you (Abbasids) and has Specialised you with it, and your making it to be in the hands of your enemies, and the ones whom your fathers have been killing them and expelling them in the country!’
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ الزَّانِيَةِ وَ أَنْتَ بَعْدُ عَلَى هَذَا قَدِّمْهُ يَا حَرَسِيُّ وَ اضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ فَضُرِبَتْ عُنُقُهُ
Al-Mamoun said to him, ‘O son of the adulteress! And you are still upon this? Bring him forward, O my guards, and strike off his neck!’ His neck was struck off.
وَ أُدْخِلَ ابْنُ مُونِسَ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع بِجَنْبِ الْمَأْمُونِ قَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هَذَا الَّذِي بِجَنْبِكَ وَ اللَّهِ صَنَمٌ يُعْبَدُ دُونَ اللَّهِ
And Ibn Munis entered. When he looked at Al-Reza-asws being by the side of Al-Mamoun, he said, ‘O commander of the faithful! This one is by your side? By Allah-azwj! He-asws is an idol being worship besides Allah-azwj!’
قَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا ابْنَ الزَّانِيَةِ وَ أَنْتَ بَعْدُ عَلَى هَذَا يَا حَرَسِيُّ قَدِّمْهُ وَ اضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ فَضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ
Al-Mamoun said to him, ‘O son of the adulteress! And you are still upon this? O my guards! Bring him forward and strike off his neck!’ His neck was struck off.
ثُمَّ أُدْخِلَ الْجَلُودِيُّ وَ كَانَ الْجَلُودِيُّ فِي خِلَافَةِ الرَّشِيدِ لَمَّا خَرَجَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ بَعَثَهُ الرَّشِيدُ وَ أَمَرَهُ إِنْ ظَفِرَ بِهِ أَنْ يَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ وَ أَنْ يُغِيرَ عَلَى دُورِ آلِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ أَنْ يَسْلُبَ نِسَاءَهُمْ وَ لَا يَدَعَ عَلَى وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُنَّ إِلَّا ثَوْباً وَاحِداً فَفَعَلَ الْجَلُودِيُّ ذَلِكَ
Then Al-Jaloudy entered. And Al-Jaloudy used to be in the caliphate of Al-Rasheed when Muhammad son of Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws had rebelled at Al-Medina, Al-Rasheed had dispatched him and ordered him if he were to win with him, to strike off his neck, and go around the houses of the progeny of Abu Talib-as, and he should plunder their women and not leave out anyone of them, except with one cloth. So Jaloudy had done that.
وَ قَدْ كَانَ مَضَى أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع فَصَارَ الْجَلُودِيُّ إِلَى بَابِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع فَانْهَجَمَ عَلَى دَارِهِ مَعَ خَيْلِهِ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ الرِّضَا ع جَعَلَ النِّسَاءَ كُلَّهُنَ فِي بَيْتٍ وَ وَقَفَ عَلَى بَابِ الْبَيْتِ
And Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws had passed away, so Al-Jaloudy had come to the door of Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws and crowded at his-asws door with his cavalry. When Al-Reza-asws looked him, he-asws made the womenfolk, all of them to be in a room, and he-asws stood at the door of the room.
فَقَالَ الْجَلُودِيُّ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع لَا بُدَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَدْخُلَ الْبَيْتَ فَأَسْلُبَهُنَّ كَمَا أَمَرَنِي أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع أَنَا أَسْلُبُهُنَّ لَكَ وَ أَحْلِفُ أَنِّي لَا أَدَعُ عَلَيْهِنَّ شَيْئاً إِلَّا أَخَذْتُهُ
Al-Jaloudy had said to Abu Al-Hassan-asws, ‘There is no escape from my entering the room and plundering them like what commander of the faithful has ordered me’. Al-Reze-asws said, ‘I-asws shall plunder them for you and I-asws swear an oath that I-asws will not leave anything upon them except I-asws shall take it’.
فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَطْلُبُ إِلَيْهِ وَ يَحْلِفُ لَهُ حَتَّى سَكَنَ فَدَخَلَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع فَلَمْ يَدَعْ عَلَيْهِنَّ شَيْئاً حَتَّى أَقْرَاطَهُنَّ وَ خَلَاخِيلَهُنَّ وَ إِزَارَهُنَّ إِلَّا أَخَذَهُ مِنْهُنَّ وَ جَمِيعَ مَا كَانَ فِي الدَّارِ مِنْ قَلِيلٍ وَ كَثِيرٍ
He did not cease demanding to him, and he-asws kept swearing to him, until he calmed down. Abu Al-Hassan-asws entered and did not leave anything upon them, to the extent of their earrings, and their anklets, and their clothes, except he-asws had taken it from them, and from the entirety of the ones in the house, from little and more.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ وَ أُدْخِلَ الْجَلُودِيُّ عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ قَالَ الرِّضَا ع يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هَبْ لِي هَذَا الشَّيْخَ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا سَيِّدِي هَذَا الَّذِي فَعَلَ بِبَنَاتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مَا فَعَلَ مِنْ سَلْبِهِنَّ
When it was this day, Al-Jaloudy entered to see Al-Mamoun. Al-Reza-asws said: ‘O commander of the faithful! Gift this old man to me-asws’. Al-Mamoun said, ‘O my Master-asws! This is the one who did with the daughters of Rasool-Allah-azwj what he did, from plundering them!’
فَنَظَرَ الْجَلُودِيُّ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع وَ هُوَ يُكَلِّمُ الْمَأْمُونَ وَ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ أَنْ يَعْفُوَ عَنْهُ وَ يَهَبَهُ لَهُ فَظَنَّ أَنَّهُ يُعِينُ عَلَيْهِ لِمَا كَانَ الْجَلُودِيُّ فَعَلَهُ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَسْأَلُكَ بِاللَّهِ وَ بِخِدْمَتِي لِلرَّشِيدِ أَنْ لَا تَقْبَلَ قَوْلَ هَذَا فِيَّ
Al-Jaloudy looked at Al-Reza-asws, and he-asws was talking to Al-Mamoun and asking him to pardon him and gift him for him-asws. He thought that he-asws was assisting him due to what Al-Jaloudy had done. He (Al-Jaloudy) said, ‘O commander of the faithful! I ask you by Allah-azwj, and by my service to Al-Rasheed, that you should not accept the word of this one regarding me!’
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ قَدِ اسْتَعْفَى وَ نَحْنُ نُبِرُّ قَسَمَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَقْبَلُ فِيكَ قَوْلَهُ أَلْحِقُوهُ بِصَاحِبَيْهِ فَقُدِّمَ وَ ضُرِبَ عُنُقُهُ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! He has excused himself and we shall fulfil his vow’. Then he said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj! I shall not accept his-asws words regarding you! Join him with his two companions!’ He was brought forward, and his neck was struck off.
وَ رَجَعَ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ إِلَى أَبِيهِ سَهْلٍ وَ قَدْ كَانَ الْمَأْمُونُ أَمَرَ أَنْ تُقَدَّمَ النَّوَائِبُ فَرَدَّهَا ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ فَلَمَّا قَتَلَ الْمَأْمُونُ هَؤُلَاءِ عَلِمَ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ أَنَّهُ قَدْ عَزَمَ عَلَى الْخُرُوجِ
And Zul Riyasateyn returned to his father Sahl, and Al-Mamoun had ordered that the deputies be sent ahead. Zul Riyasateyn rebutted it. When Al-Mamoun killed them, Zul Riyasateyn knew that he (Al-Mamoun) was determined upon the going out.
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا صَنَعْتَ بِتَقْدِيمِ النَّوَائِبِ قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا سَيِّدِي مُرْهُمْ أَنْتَ بِذَلِكَ فَخَرَجَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع وَ صَاحَ بِالنَّاسِ قَدِّمُوا النَّوَائِبَ قَالَ فَكَأَنَّمَا وَقَعَتْ فِيهِمُ النِّيرَانُ وَ أَقْبَلَتِ النَّوَائِبُ يَتَقَدَّمُ وَ يَخْرُجُ
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘O commander of the faithful! What happened with sending ahead the deputies?’ Al-Mamoun said, ‘O my Master-asws! You-asws order them with that’. So Abu Al-Hassan-asws went out and shouted at the people! Bring forward the deputies!’ It was as if the fires had occurred among them, and the deputies came forward and went out.
وَ قَعَدَ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ مَنْزِلَهُ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَأْمُونُ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا لَكَ قَعَدْتَ فِي بَيْتِكَ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ ذَنْبِي عَظِيمٌ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ وَ عِنْدَ الْعَامَّةِ وَ النَّاسُ يَلُومُونَنِي بِقَتْلِ أَخِيكَ الْمَخْلُوعِ وَ بَيْعَةِ الرِّضَا ع وَ لَا آمَنُ السُّعَاةَ وَ الْحُسَّادَ وَ أَهْلَ الْبَغْيِ أَنْ يَسْعَوْا بِي فَدَعْنِي أَخْلُفْكَ بِخُرَاسَانَ
And Zul Riyasateyn sat in his house. Al-Mamoun sent for him, and he came to him. He said to him, ‘What is the matter with you sitting in your house?’ He said, ‘O commander of the faithful! My sin is mighty in the presence of your household, and in the presence of the general public, and the people are blaming me for killing your brother, the deposed, and allegiance of Al-Reza-asws, and there is no safety that the evil doers, and the envious ones, and the people of rebellion, that they would strive with me. So leave me to be your replacement at Khurasan’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ لَا نَسْتَغْنِي عَنْكَ فَأَمَّا مَا قُلْتَ إِنَّهُ يُسْعَى بِكَ وَ يُبْغَى لَكَ الْغَوَائِلُ فَلَيْسَ أَنْتَ عِنْدَنَا إِلَّا الثِّقَةَ الْمَأْمُونَ النَّاصِحَ الْمُشْفِقَ فَاكْتُبْ لِنَفْسِكَ مَا تَثِقُ بِهِ مِنَ الضَّمَانِ وَ الْأَمَانِ وَ أَكِّدْ لِنَفْسِكَ مَا تَكُونُ بِهِ مُطْمَئِنّاً
Al-Mamoun said to him, ‘We are not needless from you. And for what you said that there would be evil with you and the dangers would be sought for you, so you aren’t in our presence except the trusted one, the adviser, and compassionate. Write out for yourself whatever you trust with from the guarantees, and the amnesty, and emphasise for yourself what you can be reassured with’.
فَذَهَبَ وَ كَتَبَ لِنَفْسِهِ كِتَاباً وَ جَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْعُلَمَاءَ وَ أَتَى بِهِ الْمَأْمُونَ فَقَرَأَهُ وَ أَعْطَاهُ الْمَأْمُونُ كُلَّ مَا أَحَبَّ وَ كَتَبَ لَهُ بِخَطِّهِ كِتَابَ الْحَبْوَةِ إِنِّي قَدْ حَبَوْتُكَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَ الضِّيَاعِ وَ السُّلْطَانِ وَ بَسَطَ لَهُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا أَمَلَهُ
He went and wrote an agreement for himself, and he gathered the scholars upon it, and came with it to Al-Mamoun, and read it. Al-Mamoun gave him all what he liked and wrote for him a letter in his own handwriting, a letter of gifts, ‘I am gifting to you such and such from the wealth, and the estate, and the authority’, and he extended for him his hopes from the world.
فَقَالَ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَجِبُ أَنْ يَكُونَ خَطُّ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ فِي هَذَا الْأَمَانِ يُعْطِينَا مَا أَعْطَيْتَ فَإِنَّهُ وَلِيُّ عَهْدِكَ
Zul Riyasateyn said, ‘O commander of the faithful! It obliges that the handwriting of Abu Al-Hassan-asws should be in this amnesty, giving us what you have given, for he-asws is your heir apparent’.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع قَدْ شَرَطَ عَلَيْنَا أَنْ لَا يَعْمَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئاً وَ لَا يُحْدِثَ حَدَثاً فَلَا نَسْأَلُهُ مَا يَكْرَهُهُ فَاسْأَلْهُ أَنْتَ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَأْبَى عَلَيْكَ فِي هَذَا فَجَاءَ وَ اسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع
Al-Mamoun said, ‘You do know that Abu Al-Hassan-asws has stipulated upon us that he-asws will not do anything from that, nor innovate anything, so we cannot ask him-asws for what he-asws dislikes. So you asked him-asws, for he-asws will not refuse to you regarding this’. He came and sought permission to see Abu Al-Hassan-asws.
قَالَ يَاسِرٌ فَقَالَ لَنَا الرِّضَا ع قُومُوا فَتَنَحَّوْا فَتَنَحَّيْنَا فَدَخَلَ فَوَقَفَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ سَاعَةً فَرَفَعَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع رَأْسَهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا حَاجَتُكَ يَا فَضْلُ
Yasser said, ‘Al-Reza-asws said to us: ‘Arise and move aside!’ We moved aside. He (Zul Riyasateyn) entered and stood in front of him-asws for a while. Abu Al-Hassan-asws raised his-asws head towards him. He-asws said to him: ‘What is your need, O Fazl!’
قَالَ يَا سَيِّدِي هَذَا مَا كَتَبَهُ لِي أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ أَنْتَ أَوْلَى أَنْ تُعْطِيَنَا مِثْلَ مَا أَعْطَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذْ كُنْتَ وَلِيَّ عَهْدِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
He said, ‘O my Master-asws! This is what commander of the faithful has written for me, and you-asws are foremost in giving us similar to what commander of the faithful has given, since you-asws are the heir apparent (sovereign) of the Muslims’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع اقْرَأْهُ وَ كَانَ كِتَاباً فِي أَكْبَرِ جِلْدٍ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ قَائِماً حَتَّى قَرَأَهُ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع يَا فَضْلُ لَكَ عَلَيْنَا هَذَا مَا اتَّقَيْتَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘Read it out!’ And the agreement was in a large skin, so he did not cease to be standing until he had read it. When he was free, Abu Al-Hassan-asws said to him: ‘O Fazl! This is what I-asws had feared Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic for you upon us-asws!’
قَالَ يَاسِرٌ فَنَقَضَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرَهُ فِي كَلِمَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَخَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَ خَرَجَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ الرِّضَا ع
Yasser said, ‘He-asws broke his matter upon him in one phrase, so he went out from his-asws presence. And Al-Mamoun went out, and we went out with Al-Reza-asws.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِأَيَّامٍ وَ نَحْنُ فِي بَعْضِ الْمَنَازِلِ وَرَدَ عَلَى ذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ كِتَابٌ مِنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ أَنِّي نَظَرْتُ فِي تَحْوِيلِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ فِي حِسَابِ النُّجُومِ وَ وَجَدْتُ فِيهِ أَنَّكَ تَذُوقُ فِي شَهْرِ كَذَا يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ حَرَّ الْحَدِيدِ وَ حَرَّ النَّارِ وَ أَرَى أَنْ تَدْخُلَ أَنْتَ وَ الرِّضَا وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْحَمَّامَ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ فَتَحْتَجِمَ فِيهِ وَ تَصُبَّ الدَّمَ عَلَى بَدَنِكَ لِيَزُولَ نَحْسُهُ عَنْكَ
When it was after that by a few days and we were in one of the houses, there arrived to Zul Riyasateyn a letter from his brother Al-Hassan Bin Sahl, ‘I have looked into turning of this year in the calculation of the stars and I found in it that you would be tasking the heat of iron and the heat of fire during such and such month on the day of Wednesday, and I view that you and Al-Reza-asws and commander of the faithful should enter the bathhouse during this day. You should get cupping day and pour the blood upon your body in order to remove its inauspiciousness away from you.
فَبَعَثَ الْفَضْلُ إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ بِذَلِكَ وَ سَأَلَهُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْحَمَّامَ مَعَهُ وَ يَسْأَلَ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع أَيْضاً ذَلِكَ فَكَتَبَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع رُقْعَةً فِي ذَلِكَ وَ سَأَلَهُ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع لَسْتُ بِدَاخِلٍ غَداً الْحَمَّامَ وَ لَا أَرَى لَكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْ تَدْخُلَ الْحَمَّامَ غَداً وَ لَا أَرَى لِلْفَضْلِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْحَمَّامَ غَداً
Al-Fazl sent someone to Al-Mamoun and wrote to him with that and asked him to enter the bathhouse with him and ask Abu Al-Hassan-asws as well (to do) that. Al-Mamoun wrote a note to Al-Reza-asws regarding that and asked him-asws. Abu Al-Hassan-asws wrote to him: ‘I-asws wouldn’t be entering the bathhouse tomorrow, nor do I-asws view for you, O commander of the faithful, that you should be entering the bathhouse tomorrow, nor do I-asws view for Al Fzal to enter the bathhouse tomorrow’.
فَأَعَادَ إِلَيْهِ الرُّقْعَةَ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع لَسْتُ بِدَاخِلٍ غَداً الْحَمَّامَ فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي النَّوْمِ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ يَقُولُ لِي يَا عَلِيُّ لَا تَدْخُلِ الْحَمَّامَ غَداً فَلَا أَرَى لَكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ لَا لِلْفَضْلِ أَنْ تَدْخُلَا الْحَمَّامَ غَداً
He returned to the note to him-asws twice, so Abu Al-Hassan-asws wrote to him: ‘I-asws will not be entering the bathhouse tomorrow, for I-asws have seen Rasool-Allah-azwj in the dream during this night saying to me-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Do not enter the bathhouse tomorrow, therefore I-asws do not view it for you, O commander of the faithful, nor for Al-Fazl that you should be entering the bathhouse tomorrow’.
فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَأْمُونُ صَدَقْتَ يَا سَيِّدِي وَ صَدَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لَسْتُ بِدَاخِلٍ غَداً الْحَمَّامَ وَ الْفَضْلُ فَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ وَ مَا يَفْعَلُهُ
Al-Mamoun wrote to him-asws, ‘You-asws speak the truth, O my Master-asws, and Rasool-Allah-saww spoke the truth! I will not be entering the bathhouse tomorrow, and Al-Fazl, so he is more knowing of what he does’.
قَالَ يَاسِرٌ فَلَمَّا أَمْسَيْنَا وَ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَقَالَ لَنَا الرِّضَا ع قُولُوا نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا يَنْزِلُ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ فَأَقْبَلْنَا نَقُولُ كَذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى الرِّضَا ع الصُّبْحَ قَالَ لَنَا قُولُوا نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا يَنْزِلُ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ فَمَا زِلْنَا نَقُولُ ذَلِكَ
Yasser said, ‘When it was evening and the sun had set, Al-Reza-asws said to us: ‘Say, ‘We seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the evil of what is to befall during this night!’’ We started saying like that. When Al-Reza-asws had prayed the morning Salat, he-asws said to us: ‘Say, ‘We seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the evil of what is to befall during this day!’’ We did not cease to say that.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ قَرِيباً مِنْ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ قَالَ الرِّضَا ع اصْعَدِ السَّطْحَ فَاسْتَمِعْ هَلْ تَسْمَعُ شَيْئاً فَلَمَّا صَعِدْتُ سَمِعْتُ الضَّجَّةَ وَ النَّحِيبَ وَ كَثُرَ ذَلِكَ فَإِذَا بِالْمَأْمُونِ قَدْ دَخَلَ مِنَ الْبَابِ الَّذِي كَانَ إِلَى دَارِهِ مِنْ دَارِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع يَقُولُ يَا سَيِّدِي يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ آجَرَكَ اللَّهُ فِي الْفَضْلِ وَ كَانَ دَخَلَ الْحَمَّامَ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ قَوْمٌ بِالسُّيُوفِ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَ أُخِذَ مَنْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ فِي الْحَمَّامِ وَ كَانُوا ثَلَاثَةَ نَفَرٍ أَحَدُهُمْ ابْنُ خَالَةِ الْفَضْلِ ذُو الْقَلَمَيْنِ-
When it was near from the emergence of the sun, Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Ascend to the rooftop and listen, can you hear anything?’ When I ascended, I heard the noise and the lamentation, and that was a lot, and there was Al-Mamoun having entered from the door which was to his out from the house of Abu Al-Hassan, saying, ‘O my Master-asws! O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! May Allah-azwj Recompense you-asws regarding Al-Fazl, and he had entered the bathhouse, and a group entered to him with the swords, and they killed him, and seized the ones who had entered to it into the bathhouse, and they were three persons, one of the being the son of a maternal uncle of Al-Fazl, Zul Qalameyn’.
قَالَ وَ اجْتَمَعَ الْقُوَّادُ وَ الْجُنْدُ وَ مَنْ كَانَ مِنْ رِجَالِ ذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَأْمُونِ فَقَالُوا اغْتَالَهُ وَ قَتَلَهُ فَلَنَطْلُبَنَّ بِدَمِهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And the leaders and the soldiers, and the ones who were from the men of Zul Riyasateyn, gathered at the door of Al-Mamoun. They said, ‘Assassinate him and kill him, for we are seeking his blood!’
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ لِلرِّضَا ع يَا سَيِّدِي تَرَى أَنْ تَخْرُجَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ تُفَرِّقَهُمْ
Al-Mamoun said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘O my Master-asws! What is your-asws view? If you-asws could go out to them and disperse them!’
قَالَ يَاسِرٌ فَرَكِبَ الرِّضَا ع وَ قَالَ لِيَ ارْكَبْ فَلَمَّا خَرَجْنَا مِنَ الْبَابِ نَظَرَ الرِّضَا ع إِلَيْهِمْ وَ قَدِ اجْتَمَعُوا وَ جَاءُوا بِالنِّيرَانِ لِيُحْرِقُوا الْبَابَ فَصَاحَ بِهِمْ وَ أَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِيَدِهِ تَفَرَّقُوا فَتَفَرَّقُوا
Yasser said, ‘Al-Reza-asws rode and said to me: ‘Ride!’ When we went out from the door, Al-Reza-asws looked at them, and they were gathering and coming with the fires in order to burn down the door. He-asws shouted at them and gestured to them with his-asws hand: ‘Disperse!’ So they dispersed.
قَالَ يَاسِرٌ فَأَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ وَ اللَّهِ يَقَعُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَ مَا أَشَارَ إِلَى أَحَدٍ إِلَّا رَكَضَ وَ مَرَّ وَ لَمْ يَقِفْ لَهُ أَحَدٌ.
Yasser said, ‘The people came. By Allah-azwj, they fell upon each other, and he-asws did not indicate to anyone except he ran and passed by, and no one stopped to him-asws!’’[44]
6- شا، الإرشاد ابْنُ قُولَوَيْهِ عَنِ الْكُلَيْنِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ يَاسِرٍ الْخَادِمِ قَالَ: لَمَّا عَزَمَ الْمَأْمُونُ الْخُرُوجَ مِنْ خُرَاسَانَ إِلَى بَغْدَادَ خَرَجَ وَ خَرَجَ مَعَهُ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ وَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع فَوَرَدَ عَلَى الْفَضْلِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ كِتَابٌ مِنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ وَ نَحْنُ فِي بَعْضِ الْمَنَازِلِ فِي الطَّرِيقِ أَنِّي نَظَرْتُ فِي تَحْوِيلِ السَّنَةِ وَ ذَكَرَ مِثْلَ مَا أَوْرَدْنَا إِلَى آخِرِ الْخَبَرِ.
(The book) ‘Al Irshad’ – Ibn Qawlawiya, from Al Kulayni, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Yasser the servant who said,
‘When Al-Mamoun had determined the going out from Khurasan to Baghdad, he went out and there went out with him, Al-Fazl Bin Sahl Zul Riysateyn, and we went out with Abu Al-Hassan-asws Al-Reza. There arrived unto Al-Fazl Bin Sahl, a letter from his brother, and we were in one of the houses in the road. I looked in the changes of the year’ – and he mentioned similar to what we have referred to, up to the end of the report’’.[45]
7- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْهَمَدَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْهَرَوِيِّ قَالَ: جِئْتُ إِلَى بَابِ الدَّارِ الَّتِي حُبِسَ فِيهِ الرِّضَا ع بِسَرَخْسَ وَ قَدْ قُيِّدَ فَاسْتَأْذَنْتُ عَلَيْهِ السَّجَّانَ فَقَالَ لَا سَبِيلَ لَكُمْ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ وَ لِمَ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Hamdany, from Ali, from his father, from Al Harwy who said,
‘I came to the door of the house in which Al-Reza-asws had been imprisoned at Sarakhsa, and he-asws had been bound. I sought permission to see him-asws from the jailor. He said, ‘There is no way for you all to see him’. I said, ‘Why not?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّهُ رُبَّمَا صَلَّى فِي يَوْمِهِ وَ لَيْلَتِهِ أَلْفَ رَكْعَةٍ وَ إِنَّمَا يَنْفَتِلُ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ سَاعَةً فِي صَدْرِ النَّهَارِ وَ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ وَ عِنْدَ اصْفِرَارِ الشَّمْسِ فَهُوَ فِي هَذِهِ الْأَوْقَاتِ قَاعِدٌ فِي مُصَلَّاهُ يُنَاجِي رَبَّهُ
He said, ‘Because sometimes he-asws prays a thousand Cycles Salat during his-asws day and his-asws night, and rather he-asws pauses from his-asws Salat for a while in the middle of the day and before midday, and at the yellowness of the sun. So, in these timings, he-asws would be seated in his-asws prayer mat whispering to his-asws Lord-azwj’.
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَاطْلُبْ لِي فِي هَذِهِ الْأَوْقَاتِ إِذْناً عَلَيْهِ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ لِي عَلَيْهِ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ قَاعِدٌ فِي مُصَلَّاهُ مُتَفَكِّرٌ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him, ‘Seek permission for me to see him-asws during these timings’. He got permission for me to see him-asws. I entered to see him and he-asws was seated in his-asws prayer mat, thoughtful.
قَالَ أَبُو الصَّلْتِ فَقُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مَا شَيْءٌ يَحْكِيهِ عَنْكُمُ النَّاسُ قَالَ وَ مَا هُوَ قُلْتُ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّكُمْ تَدَّعُونَ أَنَّ النَّاسَ لَكُمْ عَبِيدٌ
Abu Al-Salt said, ‘I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! What is this thing the people are telling about you-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘And what is it?’ I said, ‘They are saying you (Imams-asws) are claiming that the people are your-asws slaves’.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ فاطِرَ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ عالِمَ الْغَيْبِ وَ الشَّهادَةِ أَنْتَ شَاهِدٌ بِأَنِّي لَمْ أَقُلْ ذَلِكَ قَطُّ وَ لَا سَمِعْتُ أَحَداً مِنْ آبَائِي ع قَالَهُ قَطُّ وَ أَنْتَ الْعَالِمُ بِمَا لَنَا مِنَ الْمَظَالِمِ عِنْدَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ وَ أَنَّ هَذِهِ مِنْهَا
He-asws said: ‘O Allah! Originator of the skies and the earth, Knower of the unseen and the seen! [39:46]. You-azwj are a Witness that I-asws did not say that at all, nor has anyone heard so from my-asws forefathers-asws having said it at all! And You-azwj are a Knower with is for us-asws grievances with this community, and this is from these (grievances)’’.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ يَا عَبْدَ السَّلَامِ إِذَا كَانَ النَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ عَبِيدَنَا عَلَى مَا حَكَوْهُ عَنَّا فَمِمَّنْ نَبِيعُهُمْ
Then he-asws turned to me and he-asws said: ‘O Abdul Salam! If the people, all of them were our-asws slaves, based upon what they are telling about us-asws, then from whom would we-asws taking their allegiances?’
فَقُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَدَقْتَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَبْدَ السَّلَامِ أَ مُنْكِرٌ أَنْتَ لِمَا أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَنَا مِنَ الْوَلَايَةِ كَمَا يُنْكِرُهُ غَيْرُكَ قُلْتُ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ بَلْ أَنَا مُقِرٌّ بِوَلَايَتِكُمْ.
I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, you-asws speak the truth!’ Then he-asws said: ‘O Abdul Salam! Are you a denier of the Wilayah what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Obligated for us-asws just as others are denying it?’ I said, ‘Allah-azwj Forbid! But I am an acknowledger of your-asws Wilayah’’.[46]
8- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنِ الصُّولِيِّ عَنْ عَوْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُبَادَةَ قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ مَا كَانَ وَ قُتِلَ دَخَلَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع يَبْكِي وَ قَالَ لَهُ هَذَا وَقْتُ حَاجَتِي إِلَيْكَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ فَتَنْظُرُ فِي الْأَمْرِ وَ تُعِينُنِي قَالَ لَهُ عَلَيْكَ التَّدْبِيرُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ عَلَيْنَا الدُّعَاءُ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Bayhaqi, from Al Sowly, from Awn Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Abu Ubadah who said,
‘When it happened from the matter of Al-Fazl Bin Sahl what happened and he was killed, Al-Mamoun entered to see Al-Reza-asws weeping, and he said to him-asws, ‘This is a time of my need to you-asws, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws, so look into the matter and assist me!’ He-asws said: ‘O commander of the faithful! The management is up to you and upon us-asws is the supplication’.
فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ الْمَأْمُونُ قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا ع لِمَ أَخَّرْتَ أَعَزَّكَ اللَّهُ مَا قَالَ لَكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ أَبَيْتَهُ
When Al-Mamoun went out, I said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘May Allah-azwj Honour you-asws! Why did you-asws delay what commander of the faithful said to you-asws and delayed it?’
فَقَالَ وَيْحَكَ يَا بَا حَسَنٍ لَسْتُ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ فِي شَيْءٍ
He-asws said: ‘Woe be to you, O Abu Hassan! I-asws am not into anything from this command’.
قَالَ فَرَآنِي قَدِ اغْتَمَمْتُ فَقَالَ وَ مَا لَكَ فِي هَذَا لَوْ آلَ الْأَمْرُ إِلَى مَا تَقُولُ وَ أَنْتَ مِنِّي كَمَا أَنْتَ مَا كَانَتْ نَفَقَتُكَ إِلَّا فِي كُمِّكَ وَ كُنْتَ كَوَاحِدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ.
He (the narrator), ‘He-asws saw me to have been saddened. He-asws said: ‘And what have you to do regarding this, if the matter to be what you are saying, and you are from me-asws like what you are, your expenses would not be except (what you can hold) in your hand, and you would be like one of the (ordinary) people’’.[47]
9- كشف، كشف الغمة وَ مِمَّا تَلَقَّتْهُ الْأَسْمَاعُ وَ نَقَلَتْهُ الْأَلْسُنُ فِي بِقَاعِ الْأَصْقَاعِ أَنَّ الْخَلِيفَةَ الْمَأْمُونَ وَجَدَ فِي يَوْمِ عِيدٍ انْحِرَافَ مِزَاجٍ أَحْدَثَ عِنْدَهُ ثِقْلًا عَنِ الْخُرُوجِ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ بِالنَّاسِ فَقَالَ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلِيٍّ الرِّضَا ع يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ قُمْ وَ صَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ –
‘And from what the ears have received, and the tongues have transmitted regarding spots of the (surrounding) areas, the caliphate of Al-Mamoun found his mood turning away. Heaviness occurred with him from the going out to pray Salat with the people. He said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! Stand and pray with the people (leading them)!’
فَخَرَجَ الرِّضَا ع وَ عَلَيْهِ قَمِيصٌ قَصِيرٌ أَبْيَضُ وَ عِمَامَةٌ بَيْضَاءُ نَظِيفَةٌ وَ هُمَا مِنْ قُطْنٍ وَ فِي يَدِهِ قَضِيبٌ فَأَقْبَلَ مَاشِياً يَؤُمُّ الْمُصَلَّى وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ السَّلَامُ عَلَى أَبَوَيَّ آدَمَ وَ نُوحٍ السَّلَامُ عَلَى أَبَوَيَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ السَّلَامُ عَلَى أَبَوَيَّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ السَّلَامُ عَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ
Al-Reza-asws came out and upon him-asws was a short white shirt, and a clean white turban, and they were of cotton, and in his-asws hand was a cane. He-asws came walking to lead the praying ones and he-asws was saying: ‘The greetings be upon my-asws two fathers-as Adam-as and Noah-as! The greetings be upon my-asws two fathers-as Ibrahim-as and Ismail-as! The greetings be upon my-asws two fathers-asws Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws! The greetings be upon the righteous servants of Allah-azwj!’
فَلَمَّا رَآهُ النَّاسُ أُهْرِعُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ انْثَالُوا عَلَيْهِ لِتَقْبِيلِ يَدَيْهِ فَأَسْرَعَ بَعْضُ الْحَاشِيَةِ إِلَى الْخَلِيفَةِ الْمَأْمُونِ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تَدَارَكِ النَّاسَ وَ اخْرُجْ صَلِّ بِهِمْ وَ إِلَّا خَرَجَتِ الْخِلَافَةُ مِنْكَ الْآنَ
When the people saw him-asws, they hurried to him-asws and thronged to him-asws in order to kiss his-asws hand. One of ones in the procession hastened to the caliph Al-Mamoun. He said, ‘O commander of the faithful! Beware of the people and go out and pray Salat with them or else the caliphate would go out from you right now!’
فَحَمَلَهُ عَلَى أَنْ خَرَجَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَ جَاءَ مُسْرِعاً وَ الرِّضَا ع بَعْدُ مِنْ كَثْرَةِ الزِّحَامِ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يَخْلُصْ إِلَى الْمُصَلَّى فَتَقَدَّمَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ صَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ.
He carried him upon going out himself, and he came quickly, and Al-Reza-asws, due to being overcrowded, had not yet reached to the prayer mat. Al-Mamoun came forward and prayed with the people (leading them)’’.[48]
وَ قَالَ الْآبِيُّ فِي نَثْرِ الدُّرِّ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع سَأَلَهُ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ فِي مَجْلِسِ الْمَأْمُونِ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الْخَلْقُ مُجْبَرُونَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ أَعْدَلُ مِنْ أَنْ يُجْبِرَ ثُمَّ يُعَذِّبَ
And Al Abiyyu said in ‘Nasr Al Durr’ –
‘Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws was asked by Al-Fazl Bin Sahl in a gathering of Al-Mamoun. He said, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! The people are under compulsion!’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is more Just than to Compel (the people), then Punish them (for what they do)’.
قَالَ فَمُطْلَقُونَ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَحْكَمُ مِنْ أَنْ يُهْمِلَ عَبْدَهُ وَ يَكِلَهُ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ
He said, ‘So they are free (to do whatever they want)!’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is Wiser than to ignore His-azwj servant and Allocate him to himself’.
أُتِيَ الْمَأْمُونُ بِنَصْرَانِيٍّ قَدْ فَجَرَ بِهَاشِمِيَّةٍ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَسْلَمَ فَغَاظَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ سَأَلَ الْفُقَهَاءَ فَقَالُوا هَدَرَ الْإِسْلَامُ مَا قَبْلَهُ
They came to Al-Mamoun with a Christian who had been immoral with a Hashemite woman. When he saw him, he became a Muslim. That enraged him and he asked the jurists. They said, ‘Al-Islam nullifies whatever was before it!’
فَسَأَلَ الرِّضَا ع فَقَالَ اقْتُلْهُ لِأَنَّهُ أَسْلَمَ حِينَ رَأَى الْبَأْسَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا بَأْسَنا قالُوا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ إِلَى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ.
He asked Al-Reza-asws. He-asws said: ‘Kill him because he became a Muslim when he saw the punishment. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: But when they saw Our Punishment, they said, ‘We believe in Allah alone [40:84] – up to the end of the Chapter’’.[49]
قَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ بَعَثَنِي الْمَأْمُونُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع لِأُعْلِمَهُ بِمَا أَمَرَنِي بِهِ مِنْ كِتَابٍ فِي تَقْرِيظِهِ فَأَعْلَمْتُهُ ذَلِكَ فَأَطْرَقَ مَلِيّاً وَ قَالَ يَا عَمْرُو إِنَّ مَنْ أَخَذَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ لَحَقِيقٌ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ بِهِ.
Amro Bin Mas’adah said,
‘Al-Mamoun sent me to Ali-asws to let him-asws know what he had ordered me with, from a letter in his-asws praise. So, I let him-asws know that. He-asws lowered his-asws head for a while and said: ‘O Amro! The one who takes the rights by Rasool-Allah-azwj is given it’’.[50]
بيان: و حاصل الجواب أنه أخذ الخلافة بسبب الانتساب برسول الله ص فهو حقيق بأن يكرم أهل بيته ع.
Explanation: ‘And a result of the answer is that he (Al-Mamoun) had taken the caliphate by an attribution with Rasool-Allah-saww, so it is a right that he should honour People-asws of his-saww Household’.
10- كشف، كشف الغمة قَالَ الْآبِيُ أُدْخِلَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ أَرَادَ ضَرْبَ رَقَبَتِهِ وَ الرِّضَا ع حَاضِرٌ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ مَا تَقُولُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ فَقَالَ أَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَزِيدُكَ بِحُسْنِ الْعَفْوِ إِلَّا عِزّاً فَعَفَا عَنْهُ-
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ – Al Aaby said,
‘A man was entered (brought) to Al-Mamoun intending to strike off his neck, and Al-Reza-asws was present. Al-Mamoun said, ‘What are you-asws saying, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘I-asws am saying that if you were to pardon goodly, Allah-azwj will not Increase you except in honour!’ So, he pardoned him.
وَ قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ جَدِّكَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ بِأَيِّ وَجْهٍ هُوَ قَسِيمُ الْجَنَّةِ وَ النَّارِ
And Al-Mamoun said, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! Inform me about your-asws grandfather Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. By which aspect is he-asws distributor of the Paradise and the Fire?’
فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَ لَمْ تَرْوِ عَنْ أَبِيكَ- عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ حُبُّ عَلِيٍّ إِيمَانٌ وَ بُغْضُهُ كُفْرٌ فَقَالَ بَلَى
He-asws said: ‘O commander of the faithful! Are you not reporting from your father, from his forefathers, from Abdullah Bin Abbas that he said, ‘I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Loving Ali-asws is Eman and hating him-asws is Kufr’’?’ He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ الرِّضَا ع فَقَسَمَ الْجَنَّةَ وَ النَّارَ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ لَا أَبْقَانِيَ اللَّهُ بَعْدَكَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ وَارِثُ عِلْمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ.
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘So he-asws does distribute the Paradise and the Fire’. Al-Mamoun said, ‘May Allah-azwj not Cause me to live after you-asws, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! I testify that you-asws are an inheritor of the knowledge of Rasool-Allah-saww’.[51]
قَالَ أَبُو الصَّلْتِ الْهَرَوِيُ فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ الرِّضَا إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ أَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا أَجَبْتَ بِهِ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Abu Al Salt Al Harwy said,
‘When Al-Reza-asws returned to his-asws house, I came to him-asws. I said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! How excellent is what you answered commander of the faithful with!’
فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الصَّلْتِ أَنَا كَلَّمْتُهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ هُوَ وَ لَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَا عَلِيُّ أَنْتَ قَسِيمُ الْجَنَّةِ وَ النَّارِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ تَقُولُ لِلنَّارِ هَذَا لِي وَ هَذَا لَكِ.
He-asws said: ‘O Abu Salat! I-asws spoke to him from where he was, and I-asws have head my-asws father-asws narrating from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to me-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws are distributor of the Paradise and the Fire on the Day of Qiyamah. You-asws shall be saying to the Fire: ‘This one is for me-asws, and this one is for you!’’[52]
11- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ شَاذَوَيْهِ وَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْرُورٍ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الرَّيَّانِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ قَالَ: حَضَرَ الرِّضَا ع مَجْلِسَ الْمَأْمُونِ بِمَرْوَ وَ قَدِ اجْتَمَعَ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ عُلَمَاءِ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ وَ خُرَاسَانَ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ أَخْبِرُونِي عَنْ مَعْنَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ ثُمَّ أَوْرَثْنَا الْكِتابَ الَّذِينَ اصْطَفَيْنا مِنْ عِبادِنا
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Shazawiya, and Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masrour, from Al Himeyri, from his father, from Al Rayyan Bin Al Salt who said,
‘Al-Reza-asws presented at a gathering of Al-Mamoun at Merv, and there had been gathering in his gathering, a group of scholars from the people of Al-Iraq and Khurasan. Al-Mamoun said, ‘Inform me about the meaning of this Verse: Then We Gave the Book as an inheritance to those We Chose from among Our servants [35:32]’.
فَقَالَتِ الْعُلَمَاءُ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِذَلِكَ الْأُمَّةَ كُلَّهَا فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ مَا تَقُولُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع لَا أَقُولُ كَمَا قَالُوا وَ لَكِنِّي أَقُولُ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِذَلِكَ الْعِتْرَةَ الطَّاهِرَةَ
The scholars said, ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Intends by that, the whole of the community’. Al-Mamoun said, ‘And what are you-asws saying, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws?’ Al-Reza-asws said: ‘I-asws am not saying as what they are saying, but I-asws say: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Intends by that, the Purified Progeny-asws’.
ثُمَّ اسْتَدَلَّ ع بِالْآيَاتِ وَ الرِّوَايَاتِ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ الْعُلَمَاءُ جَزَاكُمُ اللَّهُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ عَنِ الْأُمَّةِ خَيْراً فَمَا نَجِدُ الشَّرْحَ وَ الْبَيَانَ فِيمَا اشْتَبَهَ عَلَيْنَا إِلَّا عِنْدَكُمْ.
Then he-asws evidenced with the Verses and the reports until Al-Mamoun and the scholars said, ‘May Allah-azwj Recompense you-asws all goodly, People-asws of the Household of your Prophet-saww, on behalf of the community. We have not found the commentary and the explanation regarding what is confusing upon us except with you-asws all!’’[53]
12- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْفَقِيهُ الْقُمِّيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيَّ ثُمَّ الْهَاشِمِيَّ يَقُولُ لَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ أَمَرَ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ سَهْلٍ أَنْ يَجْمَعَ لَهُ أَصْحَابَ الْمَقَالاتِ مِثْلَ الْجَاثَلِيقِ وَ رَأْسِ الْجَالُوتِ وَ رُؤَسَاءِ الصَّابِئِينَ وَ الْهِرْبِذِ الْأَكْبَرِ وَ أَصْحَابِ زَرْدَهُشْتَ وَ نِسْطَاسَ الرُّومِيِّ وَ الْمُتَكَلِّمِينَ لِيَسْمَعَ كَلَامَهُ وَ كَلَامَهُمْ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Ja’far Bin Ali Bin Ahmad the jurist of Qumm, from Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Sadaqah, from Muhammad Bin Umar Bin Abdul Aziz Al Ansary who said, ‘It is narrated to me by the one who heard Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Nowfaly, then Al Hashimy saying,
‘When Ali-asws Bi Musa Al-Reza-asws arrived to Al-Mamoun, he ordered Al-Fazl Bin Sahl to gather the masters of the words like the Catholics, and Ra’s Al Jalout (Rabbi), and the Sabean chiefs, and Al-Hirbiz the great, and companions of Zardahusht, and Nestas the Roman, and the speakers to listen to his-asws speech and their speeches.
فَجَمَعَهُمُ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ ثُمَّ أَعْلَمَ الْمَأْمُونَ بِاجْتِمَاعِهِمْ فَقَالَ أَدْخِلْهُمْ عَلَيَّ فَفَعَلَ فَرَحَّبَ بِهِمُ الْمَأْمُونُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ إِنِّي إِنَّمَا جَمَعْتُكُمْ لِخَيْرٍ وَ أَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ تُنَاظِرُوا ابْنَ عَمِّي هَذَا الْمَدَنِيَّ الْقَادِمَ عَلَيَّ فَإِذَا كَانَ بُكْرَةً فَاغْدُوا عَلَيَّ وَ لَا يَتَخَلَّفْ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ
Al-Fazl Bin Sahl gathered them, then he let Al-Mamoun know of their having gathered. He said, ‘Enter them to see me!’ He did so. Al-Mamoun was welcoming with them, then said to them, ‘I have rather gathered you all for good, and I would love it if you would debate son-asws of an uncle of mine, this Medinite who has arrived to me. When it is morning, then come early to me and not one of you should stay behind’.
فَقَالُوا السَّمْعَ وَ الطَّاعَةَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نَحْنُ مُبْكِرُونَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى
They said, ‘The hearing and the obeying, O commander of the faithful! We shall be coming in the morning if Allah-azwj the Exalted so Desires!’
قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيُّ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ فِي حَدِيثٍ لَنَا عِنْدَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع إِذْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا يَاسِرٌ وَ كَانَ يَتَوَلَّى أَمْرَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فَقَالَ يَا سَيِّدِي إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ فِدَاكَ أَخُوكَ إِنَّهُ اجْتَمَعَ إِلَيَّ أَصْحَابُ الْمَقَالاتِ وَ أَهْلُ الْأَدْيَانِ وَ الْمُتَكَلِّمُونَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمِلَلِ فَرَأْيُكَ فِي الْبُكُورِ عَلَيْنَا إِنْ أَحْبَبْتَ كَلَامَهُمْ وَ إِنْ كَرِهْتَ ذَلِكَ فَلَا تَتَجَشَّمْ وَ إِنْ أَحْبَبْتَ أَنْ نَصِيرَ إِلَيْكَ خَفَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا
Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Al-Nowfaly said, ‘While we were in a discussion of our in the presence of Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, when Yasser entered, and he was in charge of the matter of Abu Al-Hassan-asws. He said, ‘O my Master-asws! Commander of the faithful conveys the greetings to you-asws and says, ‘May your-asws brother be sacrificed for you-asws! There have gathered to me, the masters of the speeches, and the people of religions, and the speakers from entirety of the religions, so I view you-asws to come early to us. I would love you-asws to speak to them, and if you-asws dislike that, then do not take the trouble, and if you-asws like, we can come to you-asws. That would be light upon us’.
فَقَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع أَبْلِغْهُ السَّلَامَ وَ قُلْ لَهُ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ مَا أَرَدْتَ وَ أَنَا صَائِرٌ إِلَيْكَ بُكْرَةً إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى
Abu Al-Hassan-asws said: ‘deliver the greetings to him and say to him: ‘I-asws know what you want and I-asws shall be coming to you early morning, if Allah-azwj the Exalted so
قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيُّ فَلَمَّا مَضَى يَاسِرٌ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيْنَا ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي يَا نَوْفَلِيُّ أَنْتَ عِرَاقِيٌّ وَ رِقَّةُ الْعِرَاقِيِّ غَيْرُ غَلِيظَةٍ فَمَا عِنْدَكَ فِي جَمْعِ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ عَلَيْنَا أَهْلَ الشِّرْكِ وَ أَصْحَابَ الْمَقَالاتِ
Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Al-Nowfaly said, ‘When Yasser went, he-asws turned towards us then said to me: ‘O Nowfaly! You are an Iraqi, and the friendliness of the Iraqis is not harsh. So, what is with you regarding the gathering of the son of your uncle to us the people of Shirk, and masters of the words?’
فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يُرِيدُ الِامْتِحَانَ وَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَعْرِفَ مَا عِنْدَكَ وَ لَقَدْ بَنَى عَلَى أَسَاسٍ غَيْرِ وَثِيقِ الْبُنْيَانِ وَ بِئْسَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا بَنَى
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! He intended the test and would love to know what is with you-asws, and he has built upon a foundation which is not strongly built, and by Allah-azwj, evil is what he has built’.
فَقَالَ لِي وَ مَا بِنَاؤُهُ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ قُلْتُ إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ الْكَلَامِ وَ الْبِدَعِ خِلَافُ الْعُلَمَاءِ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْعَالِمَ لَا يُنْكِرُ غَيْرَ الْمُنْكَرِ وَ أَصْحَابُ الْمَقَالاتِ وَ الْمُتَكَلِّمُونَ وَ أَهْلُ الشِّرْكِ أَصْحَابُ إِنْكَارٍ وَ مُبَاهَتَةٍ إِنِ احْتَجَجْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَاحِدٌ قَالُوا صَحِّحْ وَحْدَانِيَّتَهُ
He-asws said to me: ‘And what is his building regarding this subject?’ I said, ‘The companions of the theology and innovations oppose the scholars, and that is because the scholar does not deny what others deny, and the companions of the words, and the speakers, and people of the Shirk and companions of denials and show-offs. If you-asws were to argue against them that Allah-azwj the Exalted is One, they would say, ‘Give His-azwj correct Oneness!’
وَ إِنْ قُلْتَ إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالُوا ثَبِّتْ رِسَالَتَهُ ثُمَّ يُبَاهِتُونَ الرَّجُلَ وَ هُوَ يُبْطِلُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِحُجَّتِهِ وَ يُغَالِطُونَهُ حَتَّى يَتْرُكَ قَوْلَهُ فَاحْذَرْهُمْ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
And if you-asws were to say that Muhammad-saww, they would say, ‘Prove his-saww Messenger-ship!’ Then they would defame the man and he would invalidate his own argument upon them, and they would make him out to be wrong until he leaves his word. So be cautious of them. May I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
قَالَ فَتَبَسَّمَ ع ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا نَوْفَلِيُّ أَ فَتَخَافُ أَنْ يَقْطَعُونِي عَلَى حُجَّتِي قُلْتُ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا خِفْتُ عَلَيْكَ قَطُّ وَ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ يُظْفِرَكَ اللَّهُ بِهِمْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws smiled, then said: ‘O Nowfaly! Are you fearing that they might cut my-asws arguments upon me-asws?’ I said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj! I do not fear upon you-asws at all, and I hope that Allah-azwj would Make you-asws win with them if Allah-azwj the Exalted so Desires’.
فَقَالَ لِي يَا نَوْفَلِيُّ أَ تُحِبُّ أَنْ تَعْلَمَ مَتَى يَنْدَمُ الْمَأْمُونُ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ إِذَا سَمِعَ احْتِجَاجِي عَلَى أَهْلِ التَّوْرَاةِ بِتَوْرَاتِهِمْ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْإِنْجِيلِ بِإِنْجِيلِهِمْ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الزَّبُورِ بِزَبُورِهِمْ وَ عَلَى الصَّابِئِينَ بِعِبْرَانِيَّتِهِمْ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْهَرَابِذَةِ بِفَارِسِيَّتِهِمْ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الرُّومِ بِرُومِيَّتِهِمْ وَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِ الْمَقَالاتِ بِلُغَاتِهِمْ
He-asws said to me: ‘O Nowfaly! Would you like to know when Al-Mamoun would regret?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘When he hears my-asws argumentation against the people of the Torah by their own Torah, and against the people of the Evangel by their own Evangel, and against the people of the Psalms with their own Psalms, and against the Sabeans in their own Hebrew, and against the people of Harabiza in their own Persian, and against the people of Rome with their own Roman, and against the companions of the words in their own languages.
فَإِذَا قَطَعْتُ كُلَّ صِنْفٍ وَ دَحَضَتْ حُجَّتُهُ وَ تَرَكَ مَقَالَتَهُ وَ رَجَعَ إِلَى قَوْلِي عَلِمَ الْمَأْمُونُ أَنَّ الْمَوْضِعَ الَّذِي هُوَ بِسَبِيلِهِ لَيْسَ بِمُسْتَحِقٍّ لَهُ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ تَكُونُ النَّدَامَةُ مِنْهُ وَ لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ
So, when every type has been cut, and his argument has been disproved, and his word has been left and he is returned to my-asws word, Al-Mamoun would know that the place which he is with its way, he isn’t deserving for it. Thus, during that the regret would occur from him, and there is neither any might nor any strength except with Allah-azwj the Exalted, the Magnificent’.
فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْنَا أَتَانَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ ابْنُ عَمِّكَ يَنْتَظِرُكَ وَ قَدِ اجْتَمَعَ الْقَوْمُ فَمَا رَأْيُكَ فِي إِتْيَانِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع تَقَدَّمْنِي وَ إِنِّي صَائِرٌ إِلَى نَاحِيَتِكُمْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
When it was morning, Al-Fazl Bin Sahl came to us. He said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! The son of your-asws uncle awaits you-asws, and the people have gathered, so what is your-asws view in going to him?’ Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘Go ahead of me-asws and I-asws shall be coming towards you if Allah-azwj so Desires’.
ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأَ ع وُضُوءَهُ لِلصَّلَاةِ وَ شَرِبَ شَرْبَةَ سَوِيقٍ وَ سَقَانَا مِنْهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ وَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَهُ حَتَّى دَخَلْنَا عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَإِذَا الْمَجْلِسُ غَاصٌّ بِأَهْلِهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ فِي جَمَاعَةِ الطَّالِبِيِّينَ وَ الْهَاشِمِيِّينَ وَ الْقُوَّادُ حُضُورٌ
Then he-asws performed wud’u, and his-asws wud’u was for the Salat, and he-asws drank a drink of Suweyq and quenched us from it. Then he-asws went out and we went out along with him-asws until we entered unto Al-Mamoun. There, the gathering was crammed with its people. And Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws was in a group of Talibeen and the Hashemites, and the leaders were present.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الرِّضَا ع قَامَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ قَامَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ وَ جَمِيعُ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَمَا زَالُوا وُقُوفاً وَ الرِّضَا ع جَالِسٌ مَعَ الْمَأْمُونِ حَتَّى أَمَرَهُمْ بِالْجُلُوسِ فَجَلَسُوا
When Al-Reza-asws entered, Al-Mamoun stood up, and Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws and entirety of the clan of Hashim-as stood up. They did not cease to be standing, and Al-Reza-asws sat down with Al-Mamoun, until he ordered them with sitting down. So, they sat down.
فَلَمْ يَزَلِ الْمَأْمُونُ مُقْبِلًا عَلَيْهِ يُحَدِّثُهُ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى الْجَاثَلِيقِ فَقَالَ يَا جَاثَلِيقُ هَذَا ابْنُ عَمِّي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ وَ هُوَ مِنْ وُلْدِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ نَبِيِّنَا وَ ابْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَأُحِبُّ أَنْ تُكَلِّمَهُ وَ تُحَاجَّهُ وَ تُنْصِفَهُ
Al-Mamoun did not cease facing towards him-asws, discussing with him-asws for a while, then he turned to the Catholic (priest). He said, ‘O Catholic! This is a son-asws of an uncle of mine, Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, and he-asws is from the sons-asws of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, daughter-asws of our Prophet-saww and son of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. I would love it if you could speak to him-asws and argue with him and be fair to him-asws’.
فَقَالَ الْجَاثَلِيقُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كَيْفَ أُحَاجُّ رَجُلًا يَحْتَجُّ عَلَيَّ بِكِتَابٍ أَنَا مُنْكِرُهُ وَ نَبِيٍّ لَا أُومِنُ بِهِ
The Catholic said, ‘O commander of the faithful! How can I argue with a man who would argue against me by the Book I am a denier of, and a Prophet-saww I do not believe in?’
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع يَا نَصْرَانِيُّ فَإِنِ احْتَجَجْتُ عَلَيْكَ بِإِنْجِيلِكَ أَ تُقِرُّ بِهِ قَالَ الْجَاثَلِيقُ وَ هَلْ أَقْدِرُ عَلَى دَفْعِ مَا نَطَقَ بِهِ الْإِنْجِيلُ نَعَمْ وَ اللَّهِ أُقِرُّ بِهِ عَلَى رَغْمِ أَنْفِي
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘O Chrisitan! Supposing I-asws were to argue against you with your Evangel, would you accept it?’ The Catholic said, ‘And can I defend against what the Evangel speaks with? Yes, by Allah-azwj! I shall accept it upon the rubbing of my nose!’
ثُمَّ قَرَأَ الرِّضَا ع عَلَيْهِ الْإِنْجِيلَ وَ أَثْبَتَ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّ نَبِيَّنَا ص مَذْكُورٌ فِيهِ ثُمَّ أَخْبَرَهُ بِعَدَدِ حَوَارِيِّ عِيسَى ع وَ أَحْوَالِهِمْ وَ احْتَجَّ بِحُجَجٍ كَثِيرَةٍ أَقَرَّ بِهَا ثُمَّ قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ كِتَابَ شَعْيَا وَ غَيْرَهُ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ الْجَاثَلِيقُ لِيَسْأَلْكَ غَيْرِي فَلَا وَ حَقِّ الْمَسِيحِ مَا ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ فِي عُلَمَاءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِثْلَكَ
Then Al-Reza-asws read the Evangel to him and proved to him that our Prophet-saww is mentioned in it. Then he-asws informed him the number of the disciples of Isa-asws and their situations, and he-asws argued with a lot of argument he acknowledged with it. Then he-asws recited to him the book of Sha’ya and others, until the Catholic said, ‘Let others question you-asws! No, by the right of the Messiah-as! I did not think that there would be like of you among the Muslim scholars!’
فَالْتَفَتَ الرِّضَا ع إِلَى رَأْسِ الْجَالُوتِ وَ احْتَجَّ عَلَيْهِ بِالتَّوْرَاةِ وَ الزَّبُورِ وَ كِتَابِ شَعْيَا وَ حَيْقُوقَ حَتَّى أُقْحِمَ وَ لَمْ يُحِرْ جَوَاباً
Al-Reza-asws turned to Ra’s Al-Jaout (Rabbi) and argued against him with the Torah and the Psalms, and the book of Sha’ya, and Hayqouq, until he was thrown and could not respond an answer.
ثُمَّ دَعَا ع بِالْهِرْبِذِ الْأَكْبَرِ وَ احْتَجَّ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى انْقَطَعَ هِرْبِذُ مَكَانَهُ فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع يَا قَوْمِ إِنْ كَانَ فِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ يُخَالِفُ الْإِسْلَامَ وَ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ فَلْيَسْأَلْ غَيْرَ مُحْتَشِمٍ
Then he-asws called for Al-Hirbiz the great and argued against him until Hirbiz was cut down. Al-Reza-asws said: ‘O people! If there was anyone among you opposing Al-Islam and wants to ask, so let him ask without any uneasiness!’
فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ عِمْرَانُ الصَّابِي وَ كَانَ وَاحِداً فِي الْمُتَكَلِّمِينَ فَقَالَ يَا عَالِمَ النَّاسِ لَوْ لَا أَنَّكَ دَعَوْتَ إِلَى مَسْأَلَتِكَ لَمْ أُقْدِمْ عَلَيْكَ بِالْمَسَائِلِ فَلَقَدْ دَخَلْتُ الْكُوفَةَ وَ الْبَصْرَةَ وَ الشَّامَ وَ الْجَزِيرَةَ وَ لَقِيتُ الْمُتَكَلِّمِينَ فَلَمْ أَقَعْ عَلَى أَحَدٍ يُثْبِتُ لِي وَاحِداً لَيْسَ غَيْرُهُ قَائِماً بِوَحْدَانِيَّتِهِ أَ فَتَأْذَنُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ
Imran the Sabean stood up, and he was one among the speakers. He said, ‘O scholar of the people! Had you-asws not invited to ask you-asws, I would not have come forward to you-asws with the questions, for I had entered Al-Kufa and Al-Basra and Syria and Al-Jazeera, and I have met the speakers, but I did not find anyone who could prove to me One, there isn’t another standing with His-azwj Oneness’.
قَالَ الرِّضَا ع إِنْ كَانَ فِي الْجَمَاعَةِ عِمْرَانُ الصَّابِي فَأَنْتَ هُوَ قَالَ أَنَا هُوَ قَالَ سَلْ يَا عِمْرَانُ وَ عَلَيْكَ بِالنَّصَفَةِ وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ الْخَطَلَ وَ الْجَوْرَ
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘If there was Imran the Sabean in the gathering, then you are he’. He said, ‘I am he’. He-asws said: ‘Ask, O Imran, and upon you is to be with the fairness, and beware of the impertinence and the tyranny’.
فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ يَا سَيِّدِي مَا أُرِيدُ إِلَّا أَنْ تُثْبِتَ لِي شَيْئاً أَتَعَلَّقُ بِهِ فَلَا أَجُوزُهُ قَالَ سَلْ عَمَّا بَدَا لَكَ فَازْدَحَمَ النَّاسُ وَ انْضَمَّ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ فَاحْتَجَّ الرِّضَا ع عَلَيْهِ وَ طَالَ الْكَلَامُ بَيْنَهُمَا إِلَى الزَّوَالِ
He said, ‘By Allah-azwj, O my Master-asws! I do not intend except that you-asws prove something to me I can relate with and do not exceed it’. He-asws said: ‘Ask about whatever comes to you’. The people thronged and crowded to each other. Al-Reza-asws argued against him and the talk between them was prolonged up to the midday.
فَالْتَفَتَ الرِّضَا ع إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَقَالَ الصَّلَاةُ قَدْ حَضَرَتْ فَقَالَ عِمْرَانُ يَا سَيِّدِي لَا تَقْطَعْ عَلَيَّ مَسْأَلَتِي فَقَدْ رَقَّ قَلْبِي قَالَ الرِّضَا ع نُصَلِّي وَ نَعُودُ فَنَهَضَ وَ نَهَضَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَصَلَّى الرِّضَا ع دَاخِلًا وَ صَلَّى النَّاسُ خَارِجاً خَلْفَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ثُمَّ خَرَجَا فَعَادَ الرِّضَا ع إِلَى مَجْلِسِهِ وَ دَعَا بِعِمْرَانَ فَقَالَ سَلْ يَا عِمْرَانُ
Al-Reza-asws turned to Al-Mamoun and said: ‘The Salat has presented’. Imran said, ‘O my Master-asws! Do not cut off my questions upon me, for my heart is soft’. Al-Reza-asws said: ‘We shall pray and return’. He-asws got up, and Al-Mamoun got up. Al-Reza-asws prayed Salat inside, and the people prayed Salat outside behind Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws. Then they came out, and Al-Reza-asws returned to his-asws seat and called for Imran. He-asws said: ‘Ask, O Imran!’
فَسَأَلَهُ عَنِ الصَّانِعِ تَعَالَى وَ صِفَاتِهِ وَ أُجِيبَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ أَ فَهِمْتَ يَا عِمْرَانُ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا سَيِّدِي قَدْ فَهِمْتُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى مَا وَصَفْتَ وَ وَحَّدْتَ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ الْمَبْعُوثُ بِالْهُدَى وَ دِينِ الْحَقِّ ثُمَّ خَرَّ سَاجِداً نَحْوَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ أَسْلَمَ-
He asked him-asws about the Making of the Exalted and His-azwj Attributes, and was answered until he-asws said: ‘Do you understand, O Imran?’ He said, ‘Yes, my Master-asws! I have understood, and I testify that Allah-azwj is upon what you-asws have described and narrated, and that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant, the one Sent with the guidance and the religion of truth’. Then he fell into Sajdah towards the Qiblah and became a Muslim’.
قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيُّ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ الْمُتَكَلِّمُونَ إِلَى كَلَامِ عِمْرَانَ الصَّابِي وَ كَانَ جَدِلًا لَمْ يَقْطَعْهُ عَنْ حُجَّتِهِ أَحَدٌ قَطُّ لَمْ يَدْنُ مِنَ الرِّضَا ع أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَسْأَلُوهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ وَ أَمْسَيْنَا فَنَهَضَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ الرِّضَا ع فَدَخَلَا وَ انْصَرَفَ النَّاسُ
Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Al-Nowfaly said, ‘When the speakers looked at the talk of Imran the Sabean, and he was a prolific arguer whom no one could cut him from his arguments at all, not one of them went near to Al-Reza-asws and did not ask him-asws about anything. And we came to the evening, so Al-Mamoun and Al-Reza-asws got up and the entered, and the people dispersed.
وَ كُنْتُ مَعَ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا إِذْ بَعَثَ إِلَيَّ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقَالَ لِي يَا نَوْفَلِيُ أَ مَا رَأَيْتَ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ صَدِيقُكَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى خَاضَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ هَذَا قَطُّ وَ لَا عَرَفْنَاهُ بِهِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَوْ يَجْتَمِعُ إِلَيْهِ أَصْحَابُ الْكَلَامِ
And I was with a group of our companions when Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws sent for me, so I went to him. He said to me, ‘O Nowfaly! Did you not see what your friend came with? No, by Allah-azwj, I did not think that Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws would have engaged in any of this at all, nor had we recognised him-asws with it. He-asws used to speak at Al-Medina, or the companions of theology would gather to him-asws’.
قُلْتُ قَدْ كَانَ الْحَاجُّ يَأْتُونَهُ فَيَسْأَلُونَهُ عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ مِنْ حَلَالِهِمْ وَ حَرَامِهِمْ فَيُجِيبُهُمْ وَ رُبَّمَا كَلَّمَ مَنْ يَأْتِيهِ يُحَاجُّهُ
I said, ‘The pilgrims had been coming to him-asws, and they were asking him-asws about things from the Permissible(s) and their prohibitions, and he-asws was answering them, and sometimes he-asws would speak to the one who would come to him-asws to argue with him-asws’.
فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ يَا بَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَحْسُدَهُ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ فَيَسُمَّهُ أَوْ يَفْعَلَ بِهِ بَلِيَّةً فَأَشِرْ عَلَيْهِ بِالْإِمْسَاكِ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْأَشْيَاءِ
Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws said, ‘O Abu Muhammad! I fear upon him-asws that this man (Al-Mamoun) would envy him-asws, so he would poison him-asws or do something calamitous with him-asws, so consult to him-asws with withholding from these things!’
قُلْتُ إِذاً لَا يَقْبَلُ مِنِّي وَ مَا أَرَادَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَّا امْتِحَانَهُ لِيَعْلَمَ هَلْ عِنْدَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنْ عُلُومِ آبَائِهِ ع
I said, ‘Then he-asws will not accept from me, and the man (Al-Mamoun) did not intend except to test him-asws in order to know whether there is anything with him-asws from the knowledge of his-asws forefathers-asws’.
فَقَالَ لِي قُلْ لَهُ إِنَّ عَمَّكَ قَدْ كَرِهَ هَذَا الْبَابَ وَ أَحَبَّ أَنْ تُمْسِكَ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْأَشْيَاءِ لِخِصَالٍ شَتَّى
He said to me, ‘Say to him-asws, ‘Your-asws uncle has disliked this subject and he would love it if you-asws could withhold from these things, for various reasons’.
فَلَمَّا انْقَلَبْتُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِ الرِّضَا ع أَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمَا كَانَ مِنْ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ فَتَبَسَّمَ ع ثُمَّ قَالَ حَفِظَ اللَّهُ عَمِّي مَا أَعْرَفَنِي بِهِ لِمَ كَرِهَ ذَلِكَ يَا غُلَامُ صِرْ إِلَى عِمْرَانَ الصَّابِي فَأْتِنِي بِهِ
When I went to the house of Al-Reza-asws, I informed him-asws with what had happened form his-asws uncle Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws. He-asws smiles, then said, ‘May Allah-azwj Protect my-asws uncle of having let me-asws know with that he dislikes that. O slave! Go to Imran the Sabean and come to me-asws with him!’
فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَنَا أَعْرِفُ مَوْضِعَهُ وَ هُوَ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ إِخْوَانِنَا مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ قَالَ فَلَا بَأْسَ قَرِّبُوا إِلَيْهِ دَابَّةً فَصِرْتُ إِلَى عِمْرَانَ فَأَتَيْتُهُ بِهِ فَرَحَّبَ بِهِ وَ دَعَا بِكِسْوَةٍ فَخَلَعَهَا عَلَيْهِ وَ حَمَلَهُ وَ دَعَا بِعَشَرَةِ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ فَوَصَلَهُ بِهَا
I said, May I be sacrificed for you-asws! I am more knowing of his place, and he is with one of our brethren from the Shias’. He-asws said, ‘So there is no problem. Draw an animal closer to him!’ I went to Imran and came to him-asws with him. He-asws was welcoming with him and called for a garment and made it to be upon him and had him carried (on a riding animal), and call for ten thousand Dirhams and connected to him with these.
فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ حَكَيْتَ فِعْلَ جَدِّكَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ هَكَذَا يَجِبُ ثُمَّ دَعَا ع بِالْعَشَاءِ فَأَجْلَسَنِي عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ أَجْلَسَ عِمْرَانَ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغْنَا قَالَ لِعِمْرَانَ انْصَرِفْ مُصَاحِباً وَ بَكِّرْ عَلَيْنَا نُطْعِمْكَ طَعَامَ الْمَدِينَةِ
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! You-asws have recounted the deed of your-asws grandfather-asws Amir Al-Momineen-asws’. He-asws said: ‘That is how it obligates’. Then he-asws called for the dinner and seated me on his-asws right and seated Imran on his-asws left until when we were free, he-asws said to Imran: ‘Leave accompanied and come early to us, we-asws shall feed you the food of Al-Medina’.
فَكَانَ عِمْرَانُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ يَجْتَمِعُ إِلَيْهِ الْمُتَكَلِّمُونَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْمَقَالاتِ فَيُبْطِلُ أَمْرَهُمْ حَتَّى اجْتَنَبُوهُ وَ وَصَلَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ بِعَشَرَةِ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ أَعْطَاهُ الْفَضْلُ مَالًا وَ حَمَلَهُ وَ وَلَّاهُ الرِّضَا ع صَدَقَاتِ بَلْخٍ فَأَصَابَ الرَّغَائِبَ.
It so happened after there used to gather to him the speakers from the masters of the words, and he would invalidate their matters to the extent that they shunned him, and Al-Mamoun connected to him with ten thousand Dirhams, and Al-Fazl gave him some wealth and had him carried (on a riding animal), and Al-Reza-asws placed him in charge of the charities of Balkh. So, he achieved what he liked’’.[54]
13- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيِّ قَالَ: قَدِمَ سُلَيْمَانُ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ مُتَكَلِّمُ خُرَاسَانَ عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَ وَصَلَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ ابْنَ عَمِّي عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى ع قَدِمَ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الْحِجَازِ وَ هُوَ يُحِبُّ الْكَلَامَ وَ أَصْحَابَهُ فَلَا عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَصِيرَ إِلَيْنَا يَوْمَ التَّرْوِيَةِ لِمُنَاظَرَتِهِ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – By the preceding chain, from Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Nowfaly who said,
‘Suleyman Al-Marouzy, speaker of Khurasan, arrived to Al-Mamoun. He honoured him and connected to him. Then he said to him, ‘The son-asws of my uncle, Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws, has arrived to me from Al-Hijaz, and he-asws loves the theology and its companions, so is it not upon you that you come to us on the day of Al-Tarwiyya (8th Zul Hijja) to debate him-asws?’
فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَ مِثْلَهُ فِي مَجْلِسِكَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَيَنْتَقِصَ عِنْدَ الْقَوْمِ إِذَا كَلَّمَنِي وَ لَا يَجُوزُ الِاسْتِقْصَاءُ عَلَيْهِ
Suleyman said, ‘O commander of the faithful! I dislike to ask the like of him-asws in your gathering among a group from the clan of Hashim-as, for he-asws would diminish me in the presence of the people when he-asws speaks to me, and the investigation is not allowed upon him-asws’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِنَّمَا وَجَّهْتُ إِلَيْكَ لِمَعْرِفَتِي بِقُوَّتِكَ وَ لَيْسَ مُرَادِي إِلَّا أَنْ تَقْطَعَهُ عَنْ حُجَّةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَقَطْ فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ حَسْبُكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اجْمَعْ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنِي وَ خَلِّنِي وَ الذَّمَّ-
Al-Mamoun said, ‘But rather, I turned to you due to my understand of your strength, and it isn’t my purpose except you should cut him-asws in one argument only!’ Suleyman said, ‘It suffices you, O commander of the faithful! Have a gathering between him-asws and me and leave me and the discrediting’.
فَوَجَّهَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ قَدْ قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَرْوَ وَ هُوَ وَاحِدُ خُرَاسَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْكَلَامِ فَإِنْ خَفَّ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَتَجَشَّمَ الْمَصِيرَ إِلَيْنَا فَعَلْتَ
Al-Mamoun diverted him to Al-Reza-asws. He said, ‘A man from the people of Merv has arrived to us, and he is one in Khurasan being from the companions of theology. If it is light upon you-asws, if you-asws could take the trouble to come to us, then do so’.
فَنَهَضَ ع لِلْوُضُوءِ وَ قَالَ لَنَا تَقَدَّمُونِي وَ عِمْرَانُ الصَّابِي مَعَنَا فَصِرْنَا إِلَى الْبَابِ فَأَخَذَ يَاسِرٌ وَ خَالِدٌ بِيَدِي فَأَدْخَلَانِي عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمْتُ قَالَ أَيْنَ أَخِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَبْقَاهُ اللَّهُ قُلْتُ خَلَّفْتُهُ يَلْبَسُ ثِيَابَهُ وَ أَمَرَنَا أَنْ نَتَقَدَّمَ
He-asws got up for the wud’u and said to us: ‘Go ahead of me-asws!’ And Imran the Sabean was with us. We came to the door, and Yasser and Khalid held my hand and made me enter to see Al-Mamoun. When I had greeted, he said, ‘Where is my brother-asws Abu Al-Hassan-asws? May Allah-azwj Cause him-asws to remain!’ I said, ‘I left him-asws changing into his-asws clothes, and he-asws instructed us to precede’.
ثُمَّ قُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ عِمْرَانَ مَوْلَاكَ مَعِي وَ هُوَ بِالْبَابِ فَقَالَ مَنْ عِمْرَانُ قُلْتُ الصَّابِي الَّذِي أَسْلَمَ عَلَى يَدَيْكَ قَالَ فَلْيَدْخُلْ فَدَخَلَ فَرَحَّبَ بِهِ الْمَأْمُونُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ يَا عِمْرَانُ لَمْ تَمُتْ حَتَّى صِرْتَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي شَرَّفَنِي بِكُمْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Then I said, ‘O commander of the faithful! Your friend Imran is with me, and he is at the door!’ He said, ‘Who Imran?’ I said, ‘The Sabean who became a Muslim upon your hands’. He said, ‘Let him enter!’ He entered, and Al-Mamoun was welcoming with him. Then he said to him, ‘O Imran! You did not die until you came to be from the clan of Hashim-as’. He said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Ennobled me with you all, O commander of the faithful!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا عِمْرَانُ هَذَا سُلَيْمَانُ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ مُتَكَلِّمُ خُرَاسَانَ قَالَ عِمْرَانُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّهُ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ وَاحِدُ خُرَاسَانَ فِي النَّظَرِ وَ يُنْكِرُ الْبَدَاءَ قَالَ فَلِمَ لَا تُنَاظِرُهُ قَالَ عِمْرَانُ ذَاكَ إِلَيْهِ
Al-Mamoun said to him, ‘O Imran! This is Suleyman Al-Marouzy, speaker of Khurasan’. Imran said, ‘O commander of the faithful! He claims that he is along in Khurasan regarding the consideration, and he denies Al-Bad’a (Change of Decision by Allah-azwj)’. He said, ‘Then why don’t you debate him?’ He said, ‘That is up to you’.
فَدَخَلَ الرِّضَا ع فَقَالَ فِي أَيِّ شَيْءٍ كُنْتُمْ قَالَ عِمْرَانُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ هَذَا سُلَيْمَانُ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ أَ تَرْضَى بِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ وَ بِقَوْلِهِ فِيهِ فَقَالَ عِمْرَانُ قَدْ رَضِيتُ بِقَوْلِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ فِي الْبَدَاءِ عَلَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَنِي فِيهِ بِحُجَّةٍ أَحْتَجُّ بِهَا عَلَى نُظَرَائِي مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّظَرِ
Al-Reza-asws entered. He-asws said: ‘Which thing are you (engaging) in?’ Imran said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! This is Suleyman Al-Marouzy’. Suleyman said, ‘Would you agree with Abu Al-Hassan-asws and his-asws word regarding it?’ Imran said, ‘I agree with the word of Abu Al-Hassan-asws regarding Al-Bad’a, based upon the he-asws gives me an argument regarding it I can argue with against my debaters from the people of insight’.
فَاحْتَجَّ ع عَلَيْهِ فِي الْبَدَاءِ وَ الْإِرَادَةِ وَ غَيْرِهِمَا مِنْ مَسَائِلِ التَّوْحِيدِ حَتَّى انْقَطَعَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَ لَمْ يُحِرْ جَوَاباً فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَا سُلَيْمَانُ هَذَا أَعْلَمُ هَاشِمِيٍّ ثُمَّ تَفَرَّقَ الْقَوْمُ.
He-asws argued against him regarding Al-Bad’a and the Will (of Allah-azwj, and other issues of Tawheed until Suleyman was cut down and could not respond an answer. Al-Mamoun said during that, ‘O Suleyman! This is the most learned of the Hashemites!’ Then group dispersed’’.[55]
قَالَ الصَّدُوقُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ كَانَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَجْلِبُ عَلَى الرِّضَا ع مِنْ مُتَكَلِّمِي الْفِرَقِ وَ أَهْلِ الْأَهْوَاءِ الْمُضِلَّةِ كُلَّ مَنْ سَمِعَ بِهِ حِرْصاً عَلَى انْقِطَاعِ الرِّضَا ع عَنِ الْحُجَّةِ مَعَ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ وَ ذَلِكَ حَسَداً مِنْهُ لَهُ وَ لِمَنْزِلَتِهِ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ
Al-Sadouq, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him, said,
‘Al-Mamoun pulled to Al-Reza-asws, from the speakers of the sects, and people of straying opinions, all of them had been heard to have been coveting upon cutting down Al-Reza-asws from the arguments, with (at least) one of them, and that was due to envy from him to him-asws, and due to his-asws status from the knowledge.
فَكَانَ لَا يُكَلِّمُهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَقَرَّ لَهُ بِالْفَضْلِ وَ الْتَزَمَ الْحُجَّةَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ يَأْبَى إِلَّا أَنْ يُعْلِيَ كَلِمَتَهُ وَ يُتِمَّ نُورَهُ وَ يَنْصُرَ حُجَّتَهُ
It was so that he-asws would not speak to anyone except he would acknowledge to him-asws with the merit and he-asws would necessitate the argument for him-asws upon him, because Allah-azwj, Exalted is His-azwj Mention, Refused except that He-azwj would Exalt His-azwj Word and Complete His-azwj Noor, and Help His-azwj Divine Authorities.
وَ هَكَذَا وَعَدَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي كِتَابِهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّا لَنَنْصُرُ رُسُلَنا وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا يَعْنِي بِالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الْأَئِمَّةَ الْهُدَاةَ ع وَ أَتْبَاعَهُمُ الْعَارِفِينَ وَ الْآخِذِينَ عَنْهُمْ يَنْصُرُهُمْ بِالْحُجَّةِ عَلَى مُخَالِفِيهِمْ مَا دَامُوا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ كَذَلِكَ يَفْعَلُ بِهِمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَا يُخْلِفُ وَعْدَهُ.
And that is how the Blessed and Exalted has Promised in His-azwj Book. He-azwj Said: Surely, We would Help Our Rasools and those who believe, in the life of the world and on the Day the witnesses would stand [40:51], meaning by ‘those who believe’, the Imams-asws of guidance, and their-asws followers, the spiritualists, and the ones taking from them-asws, helping them-asws with the arguments against their-asws adversaries, for as long as there are in world, and like that He-azwj would Deal with them in the Hereafter, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic does not Break His-azwj Promise’’.[56] (Opinion)
14- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْهَمَدَانِيُّ وَ الْمُكَتِّبُ وَ الْوَرَّاقُ جَمِيعاً عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْمَكِيِّ عَنِ الْهَرَوِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا جَمَعَ الْمَأْمُونُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع أَهْلَ الْمَقَالاتِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ الدِّيَانَاتِ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى وَ الْمَجُوسِ وَ الصَّابِئِينَ وَ سَائِرِ أَهْلِ الْمَقَالاتِ فَلَمْ يَقُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ أَلْزَمَهُ حُجَّتَهُ كَأَنَّهُ أُلْقِمَ حَجَراً
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Hamdany and Al Mukattib, and Al Warraq, altogether from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad Al Barmakky, from Al Harwy who said,
‘When Al-Mamoun gathered to Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws, the people of the words, from the people of Syrian, and the religions from the Jews and the Christians and the Magians and the Sabeans, and rest of the people of words, no one stood except he-asws necessitated his-asws argument to him, as if he had swallowed a stone.
قَامَ إِلَيْهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَ تَقُولُ بِعِصْمَةِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَمَا تَعْمَلُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ عَصى آدَمُ رَبَّهُ فَغَوى إِلَى آخِرِ مَا قَالَ
Ali Bin Muhammad Al-Jahm stood up to him-asws. He said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Are you saying (believing) in the infallibility of the Prophets-as?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So what would you-asws do regarding the Word of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: And Adam disobeyed his Lord, so he strayed [20:121]’ – up to the end of what he said.
فَأَجَابَهُ ع عَنْ جَمِيعِ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى بَكَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ وَ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَنَا تَائِبٌ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَنْطِقَ فِي أَنْبِيَاءِ اللَّهِ ع بَعْدَ يَوْمِي هَذَا إِلَّا بِمَا ذَكَرْتَهُ.
He-asws answered him about entirety of that until Ali Bin Muhammad cried and said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! I am repenting to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic from speaking regarding the Prophets-as of Allah-azwj after this day of mine except with what you-asws have mentioned’’.[57]
15- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام تَمِيمٌ الْقُرَشِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ قَالَ: حَضَرْتُ مَجْلِسَ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ عِنْدَهُ الرِّضَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى ع فَسَأَلَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ عَنِ الْأَخْبَارِ الْمُوهِمَةِ لِعَدَمِ عِصْمَةِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ ع فَأَجَابَ ع عَنْ كُلٍ مِنْهَا
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Tameem Al Qureyshi, from his father, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al Jahm who said,
‘I attended a gathering of Al-Mamoun, and in his presence was Al-Reza Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws. Al-Mamoun asked him-asws about the important Ahadeeth for the negation of the infallibility of the Prophets-as. He-asws answered about all from it.
فَكَانَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَقُولُ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ ابْنُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حَقّاً وَ قَدْ كَانَ يَقُولُ لِلَّهِ دَرُّكَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ قَدْ كَانَ يَقُولُ بَارَكَ اللَّهُ فِيكَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ وَ قَدْ كَانَ يَقُولُ جَزَاكَ اللَّهُ عَنْ أَنْبِيَائِهِ خَيْراً يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ
Al-Mamoun was saying, ‘I testify that you-asws are a son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww truly!’ And he-asws was saying, ‘For Allah-azwj is your-asws correctness, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww!’ And he was saying, ‘May Allah-azwj Bless you-asws, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws!’ And he-asws was saying, ‘May Allah-azwj Recompense you goodly on behalf of His-azwj Prophets-as, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws!’
فَلَمَّا أَجَابَ ع عَنْ كُلِّ مَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْأَلَهُ قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ لَقَدْ شَفَيْتَ صَدْرِي يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ أَوْضَحْتَ لِي مَا كَانَ مُلْتَبِساً عَلَيَّ فَجَزَاكَ اللَّهُ عَنْ أَنْبِيَائِهِ وَ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ خَيْراً
When he-asws had answered about all what he wanted to ask him, Al-Mamoun said, ‘You-asws have healed my chest, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww and have clarified for me what had been confusing upon me. May Allah-azwj Recompense you-asws goodly on behalf of His-azwj Prophets-as and Al-Islam’.
قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ [بْنِ] الْجَهْمِ فَقَامَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ وَ كَانَ حَاضِرَ الْمَجْلِسِ وَ تَبِعْتُهُمَا فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَ ابْنَ أَخِيكَ فَقَالَ عَالِمٌ وَ لَمْ نَرَهُ يَخْتَلِفُ إِلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ
Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al-Jahm said, ‘Al-Mamoun stood up to pray the Salat and held a hand of Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws, and he was presented in the gathering, and I followed them. Al-Mamoun said to him, ‘How did you see the son-asws of your brother-asws?’ He said, ‘Learned, and we have not seen him-asws go to anyone from the people of knowledge (to learn)’.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِنَّ ابْنَ أَخِيكَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ النَّبِيِّ الَّذِينَ قَالَ فِيهِمُ النَّبِيُّ ص أَلَا إِنَّ أَبْرَارَ عِتْرَتِي وَ أَطَايِبَ أَرُومَتِي أَحْلَمُ النَّاسِ صِغَاراً وَ أَعْلَمُ النَّاسِ كِبَاراً لَا تُعَلِّمُوهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكُمْ لَا يُخْرِجُونَكُمْ مِنْ بَابِ هُدًى وَ لَا يُدْخِلُونَكُمْ فِي بَابِ ضَلَالٍ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘The son-asws of your brother-asws is from the People-asws of the Household of the Prophet-saww, those the Prophet-saww said regarding them: ‘Indeed! The righteous ones of my-asws family, and the best of my-asws strain would be the most forbearing of the people when young, and most knowledgeable of the people when old. Do not (try to) teach them-asws, for they-asws would be more knowledgeable than you all! They-asws will not exit you from a door of guidance, nor enter you into any door of straying!’
وَ انْصَرَفَ الرِّضَا ع إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ غَدَوْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَعْلَمْتُهُ مَا كَانَ مِنْ قَوْلِ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ جَوَابِ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ لَهُ فَضَحِكَ ع ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْجَهْمِ لَا يَغُرَّنَّكَ مَا سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ سَيَغْتَالُنِي وَ اللَّهُ يَنْتَقِمُ لِي مِنْهُ.
And Al-Reza-asws left to go to his-asws house. When it was the next morning, I went early to him-asws and let him-asws know what had happened from the words of Al-Mamoun and the answer of his-asws uncle Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws, to him. He-asws laughed, then said: ‘O Ibn Al-Jahm! Do not let it deceive you what you have heard from him, for he will be assassinating me-asws, and Allah-azwj will Take revenge for me-asws, from him’’. [58]
قال الصدوق رحمه الله هذا الحديث غريب من طريق علي بن محمد بن الجهم مع نصبه و بغضه و عداوته لأهل البيت ع.
Notes: Al Sadouq, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him, said, ‘This Hadeeth is strange, from the way of Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al-Jahm, with his hostility and his hatred and his enmity to People-asws of the Household’.
أقول قد أوردت تلك الأخبار بتمامها في كتاب الاحتجاجات و كتاب النبوة و إنما أوردت منها هاهنا ما يناسب المقام.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘Those Ahadeeth have been referred to with their completeness in the book of argumentations, and the book of Prophet-hood, and rather I have referred from these what is appropriate for the place’.
16- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْمُفَسِّرُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع أَنَّ الرِّضَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى ع لَمَا جَعَلَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ وَلِيَّ عَهْدِهِ احْتَبَسَ الْمَطَرُ فَجَعَلَ بَعْضُ حَاشِيَةِ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ الْمُتَعَصِّبِينَ عَلَى الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُونَ انْظُرُوا لَمَّا جَاءَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى وَ صَارَ وَلِيَّ عَهْدِنَا فَحَبَسَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنَّا الْمَطَرَ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Mufassir, by his chain to,
Abu Muhammad Al Askari-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws: ‘Al-Reza (Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws), when Al-Mamoun made him-asws his heir apparent, the rains were withheld. One of the people of Al-Mamoun, and hostile ones against Al-Reza-asws said, ‘Look, when Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws came to us as heir apparent, Allah-azwj the Exalted Withheld the rains from us’.
وَ اتَّصَلَ ذَلِكَ بِالْمَأْمُونِ فَاشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لِلرِّضَا ع قَدِ احْتَبَسَ الْمَطَرُ فَلَوْ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُمْطِرَ النَّاسَ قَالَ الرِّضَا ع نَعَمْ
That was transmitted to Al-Mamoun, and that was difficult upon him. He said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘The rains are withheld. If you-asws could supplicate to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic to (Send) rain to the people!’ Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَمَتَى تَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ قَالَ يَوْمَ الْإِثْنَيْنِ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَتَانِي الْبَارِحَةَ فِي مَنَامِي وَ مَعَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ انْتَظِرْ يَوْمَ الْإِثْنَيْنِ فَابْرُزْ إِلَى الصَّحْرَاءِ وَ اسْتَسْقِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سَيَسْقِيهِمْ وَ أَخْبِرْهُمْ بِمَا يُرِيكَ اللَّهُ مِمَّا لَا يَعْلَمُونَ حَالَهُ لِيَزْدَادَ عِلْمُهُمْ بِفَضْلِكَ وَ مَكَانِكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
He said, ‘So when will you-asws be doing that?’ And that was the day of Friday. He-asws said: ‘The day of Monday, for Rasool-Allah-saww came to me-asws last night and Amir Al-Momineen-asws was with him-saww, and he-saww said: ‘O my-saww son-asws! Await the day of Monday, then go out to the desert and pray for rain, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Quench them and inform them with what Allah-azwj Shows you-asws, from what they are not knowing of its state, in order to increase their knowledge with your-asws merits and your-asws position from your-asws Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْإِثْنَيْنِ غَدَا إِلَى الصَّحْرَاءِ وَ خَرَجَ الْخَلَائِقُ يَنْظُرُونَ فَصَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ يَا رَبِّ أَنْتَ عَظَّمْتَ حَقَّنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فَتَوَسَّلُوا بِنَا كَمَا أَمَرْتَ وَ أَمَّلُوا فَضْلَكَ وَ رَحْمَتَكَ وَ تَوَقَّعُوا إِحْسَانَكَ وَ نِعْمَتَكَ
When it was the day of Monday, he-asws went early morning to the desert, and the people went out as beholders. He-asws ascended the pulpit. He-asws praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! O Lord-azwj! You-azwj Magnified our-asws rights, of People of the Household, so they are making intermediaries with us-asws like what You-azwj have Commanded, and they are hoping for Your-azwj Grace and Your-azwj Mercy, and they are anticipating Your-azwj Favour and Your-azwj Bounty!
فَاسْقِهِمْ سَقْياً نَافِعاً عَامّاً غَيْرَ رَائِثٍ وَ لَا ضَائِرٍ وَ لْيَكُنِ ابْتِدَاءُ مَطَرِهِمْ بَعْدَ انْصِرَافِهِمْ مِنْ مَشْهَدِهِمْ هَذَا إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِمْ وَ مَقَارِّهِمْ-
Quench them a beneficial quenching, general without measurement nor harm, and let the beginning of their rain be after their leaving from their witnessing this to go to their houses and their residences!’
قَالَ فَوَ اللَّهِ الَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً لَقَدْ نَسَجَتِ الرِّيَاحُ فِي الْهَوَاءِ الْغُيُومَ وَ أَرْعَدَتْ وَ أَبْرَقَتْ وَ تَحَرَّكَ النَّاسُ كَأَنَّهُمْ يَرَوْنَ التَّنَحِّيَ عَنِ الْمَطَرِ فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع عَلَى رِسْلِكُمْ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ فَلَيْسَ هَذَا الْغَيْمُ لَكُمْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ لِأَهْلِ بَلَدِ كَذَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘By Allah-azwj Who Sent Muhammad-saww with the truth as a Prophet-saww! The wind spun the clouds in the air, and there was thunder and lightning, and the people moved as if they were seeing the descent of the rain. Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Be upon your calmness, O you people, for this cloud isn’t for you all! But rather, it is for such and such city!’
فَمَضَتِ السَّحَابَةُ وَ عَبَرَتْ ثُمَّ جَاءَتْ سَحَابَةٌ أُخْرَى تَشْتَمِلُ عَلَى رَعْدٍ وَ بَرْقٍ فَتَحَرَّكُوا فَقَالَ عَلَى رِسْلِكُمْ فَمَا هَذِهِ لَكُمْ إِنَّمَا هِيَ لِأَهْلِ بَلَدِ كَذَا
The cloud passed by and crossed over. Then another cloud came inclusive upon the thunder and lightning. They moved. He-asws said: ‘Be upon your calmness, for this is not for you all. But rather, it is for the people of such and such city!’
فَمَا زَالَ حَتَّى جَاءَتْ عَشْرُ سَحَابَاتٍ وَ عَبَرَتْ وَ يَقُولُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع فِي كُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ عَلَى رِسْلِكُمْ لَيْسَتْ هَذِهِ لَكُمْ إِنَّمَا هِيَ لِأَهْلِ بَلَدِ كَذَا ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَتْ سَحَابَةٌ حَادِيَةَ عَشَرَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ هَذِهِ بَعَثَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَكُمْ فَاشْكُرُوا اللَّهَ تَعَالَى عَلَى تَفَضُّلِهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ قُومُوا إِلَى مَنَازِلِكُمْ وَ مَقَارِّكُمْ فَإِنَّهَا مُسَامِتَةٌ لَكُمْ وَ لِرُءُوسِكُمْ مُمْسِكَةٌ عَنْكُمْ إِلَى أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا مَقَارَّكُمْ ثُمَّ يَأْتِيكُمْ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ مَا يَلِيقُ بِكَرَمِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ جَلَالِهِ
It did not cease to be so until ten clouds had come and crossed over, and Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws kept saying during each one: ‘Be upon your calmness! This isn’t for you all. But rather, it is for the people of such and such city!’ Then an eleventh cloud came. He-asws said: ‘O you people! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Sent this one for you, so thank Allah-azwj the Exalted upon His-azwj Grace and stand to go to your houses and your residences, for it would be on the horizon for you and be withholding (rain) from your heads until you enter into your residences. Then there shall come to you the news of what would follow with the Benevolence of Allah-azwj the Exalted and His-azwj Majesty!’
وَ نَزَلَ مِنَ الْمِنْبَرِ فَانْصَرَفَ النَّاسُ فَمَا زَالَتِ السَّحَابَةُ مُمْسِكَةً إِلَى أَنْ قَرُبُوا مِنْ مَنَازِلِهِمْ ثُمَّ جَاءَتْ بِوَابِلِ الْمَطَرِ فَمَلَأَتِ الْأَوْدِيَةَ وَ الْحِيَاضَ وَ الْغُدْرَانَ وَ الْفَلَوَاتِ فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ هَنِيئاً لِوُلْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص كَرَامَاتُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ
And he-asws descended from the pulpit, and the people left. The cloud did not cease to withhold until they were near from their houses. Then it came with the torrential rain, and it filled up the valleys, and the fountains, and the ponds, and the wildernesses. The people went on to say, ‘Congratulations to the son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww for the Benevolence of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic!’
ثُمَّ بَرَزَ إِلَيْهِمُ الرِّضَا ع وَ حَضَرَتِ الْجَمَاعَةُ الْكَثِيرَةُ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ فِي نِعَمِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ فَلَا تُنَفِّرُوهَا عَنْكُمْ بِمَعَاصِيهِ بَلِ اسْتَدِيمُوهَا بِطَاعَتِهِ وَ شُكْرِهِ عَلَى نِعَمِهِ وَ أَيَادِيهِ
Then Al-Reza-asws came out to them and a large community from them were present. He-asws said: ‘O you people! Fear Allah-azwj regarding the Favour of Allah-azwj upon you! Do not turn it away from you all by disobeying Him-azwj, and keep it as permanent by obeying Him-azwj and thank Him-azwj upon His-azwj Bounties and His-azwj Hands (Favours).
وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ لَا تَشْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِشَيْءٍ بَعْدَ الْإِيمَانِ بِاللَّهِ وَ بَعْدَ الِاعْتِرَافِ بِحُقُوقِ أَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْكُمْ مِنْ مُعَاوَنَتِكُمْ لِإِخْوَانِكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى دُنْيَاهُمُ الَّتِي هِيَ مَعْبَرَتُهُمْ إِلَى جِنَانِ رَبِّهِمْ
And know that you should not associate anything with Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic after the Eman with Allah-azwj, and after acknowledging the rights of the friends of Allah-azwj, from the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, the Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj, it would be more beloved to you all than your assisting your Momineen brethren upon their world (matters) which it is their cross over to the Gardens of their Lord-azwj.
فَإِنَّ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ مِنْ خَاصَّةِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ قَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي ذَلِكَ قَوْلًا مَا يَنْبَغِي لِقَائِلٍ أَنْ يَزْهَدَ فِي فَضْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِ إِنْ تَأَمَّلَهُ وَ عَمِلَ عَلَيْهِ
So the one who does that would be from the special ones of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted. And Rasool-Allah-saww had said a word regarding that what would befit the speaker that he abstains in the Grace of Allah-azwj the Exalted upon him, contemplating it, and working upon it’.
قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلَكَ فُلَانٌ يَعْمَلُ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ كَيْتَ وَ كَيْتَ
It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! So and so died having perpetrated such and such from the sins!’
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بَلْ قَدْ نَجَا وَ لَا يَخْتِمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَمَلَهُ إِلَّا بِالْحُسْنَى وَ سَيَمْحُو اللَّهُ عَنْهُ السَّيِّئَاتِ وَ يُبَدِّلُهَا لَهُ حَسَنَاتٍ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘But he has attained salvation, and Allah-azwj the Exalted did not End his deeds except with the good, and Allah-azwj shall be Deleting his evil deeds away from him and Replace for him with the good deeds!’
إِنَّهُ كَانَ مَرَّةً يَمُرُّ فِي طَرِيقٍ عَرَضَ لَهُ مُؤْمِنٌ قَدِ انْكَشَفَتْ عَوْرَتُهُ وَ هُوَ لَا يَشْعُرُ فَسَتَرَهَا عَلَيْهِ وَ لَمْ يُخْبِرْهُ بِهَا مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَخْجَلَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ الْمُؤْمِنَ عَرَفَهُ فِي مَهْوَاةٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَجْزَلَ اللَّهُ لَكَ الثَّوَابَ وَ أَكْرَمَ لَكَ الْمَآبَ وَ لَا نَاقَشَكَ الْحِسَابَ
He had passed by one day in the road and a Momin presented to him (sleeping), and his bareness had been exposed, and he did not know. So he veiled it upon him and did not inform him with it fearing that he might be ashamed. Then that Momin recognise him in a place. He said to him, ‘May Allah-azwj Make the Rewards to be plentiful for you and Make the Hereafter to be honourable for you, and not dispute the Reckoning!’
فَاسْتَجَابَ اللَّهُ لَهُ فِيهِ فَهَذَا الْعَبْدُ لَا يُخْتَمُ لَهُ إِلَّا بِخَيْرٍ بِدُعَاءِ ذَلِكَ الْمُؤْمِنِ
Allah-azwj Answered for him regarding him. So this is the servant, He-azwj did not End for him except with goodness due to the supplication of that Momin’.
فَاتَّصَلَ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ فَتَابَ وَ أَنَابَ وَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَلَمْ يَأْتِ عَلَيْهِ سَبْعَةُ أَيَّامٍ حَتَّى أُغِيرَ عَلَى سَرْحِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَوَجَّهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي أَثَرِهِمْ جَمَاعَةً ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ أَحَدُهُمْ فَاسْتُشْهِدَ فِيهِمْ
The words of Rasool-Allah-azwj was transmitted to this man. He repented and was penitent, and he came to be upon the obedience of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. Even seven days had not come upon him until there was an (enemy) incursion upon Al-Medina. So Rasool-Allah-saww sent a group in their tracks. That man was one of them, and he was martyred among them’.
قَالَ الْإِمَامُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى ع وَ أَعْظَمَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى الْبَرَكَةَ فِي الْبِلَادِ بِدُعَاءِ الرِّضَا ع وَ قَدْ كَانَ لِلْمَأْمُونِ مَنْ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَكُونَ هُوَ وَلِيَّ عَهْدِهِ مِنْ دُونِ الرِّضَا ع وَ حُسَّادٌ كَانُوا بِحَضْرَةِ الْمَأْمُونِ لِلرِّضَا ع
The Imam Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws said: ‘And Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Magnified the Blessings in the city due to the supplication of Al-Reza-asws. There was someone for Al-Mamoun who wanted to be his heir apparent, from besides Al-Reza-asws, and ones envying Al-Reza-asws who were in the presence of Al-Mamoun.
فَقَالَ لِلْمَأْمُونِ بَعْضُ أُولَئِكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أُعِيذُكَ بِاللَّهِ أَنْ تَكُونَ تَارِيخَ الْخُلَفَاءِ فِي إِخْرَاجِكَ هَذَا الشَّرَفَ الْعَمِيمَ وَ الْفَخْرَ الْعَظِيمَ مِنْ بَيْتِ وُلْدِ الْعَبَّاسِ إِلَى بَيْتِ وُلْدِ عَلِيٍّ وَ لَقَدْ أَعَنْتَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ وَ أَهْلِكَ جِئْتَ بِهَذَا السَّاحِرِ وَلَدِ السَّحَرَةِ وَ قَدْ كَانَ خَامِلًا فَأَظْهَرْتَهُ وَ مُتَّضِعاً فَرَفَعْتَهُ وَ مَنْسِيّاً
One of them said to Al-Mamoun, ‘O commander of the faithful! I seek your Refuge with Allah-azwj for the history of the caliphs to be regarding your expulsion of this grand nobility, and the magnificent pride, to go out from the house of the sons of Al-Abbas to the house of the sons of Ali-asws, and you have assisted against yourself and your family. You have come with this sorcerer son-asws of a sorceress, and he-asws had been inactive. You made him-asws appear humble, and you raised him-asws and forgot (us).
فَذَكَّرْتَ بِهِ وَ مُسْتَخَفّاً فَنَوَّهْتَ بِهِ قَدْ مَلَأَ الدُّنْيَا مَخْرَقَةً وَ تَشَوُّقاً بِهَذَا الْمَطَرِ الْوَارِدِ عِنْدَ دُعَائِهِ مَا أَخْوَفَنِي أَنْ يُخْرِجَ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ عَنْ وُلْدِ الْعَبَّاسِ إِلَى وُلْدِ عَلِيٍّ بَلْ مَا أَخْوَفَنِي أَنْ يَتَوَصَّلَ بِسِحْرِهِ إِلَى إِزَالَةِ نِعْمَتِكَ وَ التَّوَثُّبِ عَلَى مَمْلَكَتِكَ هَلْ جَنَى أَحَدٌ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ مُلْكِهِ مِثْلَ جِنَايَتِكَ
You remembered him-asws and called him-asws, and he-asws has filled the world obsessively and aggressively with this rain which arrived during his-asws supplication. It does not scare me that this man would take this command out from the sons of Al-Abbas to the sons of Ali-asws, but what scares me is that he-asws would arrive with his-asws sorcery to decline your bounties and would pounce upon your kingdom. Has anyone created a crime upon himself and his kingdom like your crime?’
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ قَدْ كَانَ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ مُسْتَتِراً عَنَّا يَدْعُو إِلَى نَفْسِهِ فَأَرَدْنَا أَنْ نَجْعَلَهُ وَلِيَّ عَهْدِنَا لِيَكُونَ دُعَاؤُهُ لَنَا وَ لِيُعْرَفَ بِالْمُلْكِ وَ الْخِلَافَةِ لَنَا وَ لِيَعْتَقِدَ فِيهِ الْمَفْتُونُونَ بِهِ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِمَّا ادَّعَى فِي قَلِيلٍ وَ لَا كَثِيرٍ وَ أَنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ لَنَا مِنْ دُونِهِ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘This man-asws had been concealing from us, calling (the people) to himself-asws, so we intended to make him-asws our heir apparent for his-asws call to be for us, and let him-asws be known with the kingdom and the caliphate is for us, and let him-asws be tied up in it, being fascinated with it. He-asws isn’t from what he-asws has claimed, neither little nor more, and this command is for us rather than him-asws.
وَ قَدْ خَشِينَا إِنْ تَرَكْنَاهُ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ أَنْ يَنْفَتِقَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْهُ مَا لَا نَسُدُّهُ وَ يَأْتِيَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْهُ مَا لَا نُطِيقُهُ وَ الْآنَ فَإِذْ قَدْ فَعَلْنَا بِهِ مَا فَعَلْنَا وَ أَخْطَأْنَا فِي أَمْرِهِ بِمَا أَخْطَأْنَا وَ أَشْرَفْنَا مِنَ الْهَلَاكِ بِالتَّنْوِيهِ بِهِ عَلَى مَا أَشْرَفْنَا
And we feared that if we were to leave him-asws upon that state, it would give rise to a rift upon us from him-asws what we cannot block, and there would come upon us from him-asws what we cannot tolerate, and now, so we have done with him-asws what we have done, and we have erred regarding his-asws matter with what have erred, and we are ennobled from the destruction with promoting him-asws upon what we are ennobled.
فَلَيْسَ يَجُوزُ التَّهَاوُنُ فِي أَمْرِهِ وَ لَكِنَّا نَحْتَاجُ أَنْ نَضَعَ مِنْهُ قَلِيلًا قَلِيلًا حَتَّى نُصَوِّرَهُ عِنْدَ الرَّعِيَّةِ بِصُورَةِ مَنْ لَا يَسْتَحِقُّ لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ ثُمَّ نُدَبِّرَ فِيهِ بِمَا يَحْسِمُ عَنَّا مَوَادَّ بَلَائِهِ
So the weakness is not allowed regarding his-asws matter, but we are needy to place down from him-asws, little by little, until we image him-asws in the presence of the citizens with an image of the one who is not rightful for this command. Then we shall decide regarding him-asws with what would bring an end from us the substances of his-asws afflictions’.
قَالَ الرَّجُلُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَوَلِّنِي مُجَادَلَتَهُ فَإِنِّي أُفْحِمُهُ وَ أَصْحَابَهُ وَ أَضَعُ مِنْ قَدْرِهِ فَلَوْ لَا هَيْبَتُكَ فِي صَدْرِي لَأَنْزَلْتُهُ مَنْزِلَتَهُ وَ بَيَّنْتُ لِلنَّاسِ قُصُورَهُ عَمَّا رَشَّحْتَهُ لَهُ
The man said, ‘O commander of the faithful! Place me in charge of arguing with him-asws, for I shall confound (confuse) him-asws and his-asws companions, and I shall drop his-asws worth. Had it not been for your awe in my chest, I would have descended him-asws to his-asws status and manifest to the people his-asws shortcomings from what I am recommending for him-asws’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ مَا شَيْءٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ هَذَا قَالَ فَاجْمَعْ وُجُوهَ أَهْلِ مَمْلَكَتِكَ وَ الْقُوَّادَ وَ الْقُضَاةَ وَ خِيَارَ الْفُقَهَاءِ لِأُبَيِّنَ نَقْصَهُ بِحَضْرَتِهِمْ فَيَكُونَ أَخْذاً لَهُ عَنْ مَحَلِّهِ الَّذِي أَحْلَلْتَهُ فِيهِ عَلَى عِلْمٍ مِنْهُمْ بِصَوَابِ فِعْلِكَ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘There is nothing more beloved to me than this!’ He said, ‘Gather faces of the people of your kingdom, and the leaders, and the judges, and the best jurists in order to reveal his-asws shortcomings in their presence, so he-asws would be seized for it about his-asws place which you have permitted regarding him-asws, based upon knowledge from them of the correctness of your deed’.
قَالَ فَجَمَعَ الْخَلْقَ الْفَاضِلِينَ مِنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ فِي مَجْلِسٍ وَاسِعٍ قَعَدَ فِيهِ لَهُمْ وَ أَقْعَدَ الرِّضَا ع بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فِي مَرْتَبَتِهِ الَّتِي جَعَلَهَا لَهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He gathered the meritorious people from his citizens in a vast gathering. He sat in it to them and seated Al-Reza-asws in front of him, in his-asws rank which he had made to be for him-asws.
فَابْتَدَأَ هَذَا الْحَاجِبُ الْمُتَضَمِّنُ لِلْوَضْعِ مِنَ الرِّضَا ع وَ قَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ أَكْثَرُوا عَنْكَ الْحِكَايَاتِ وَ أَسْرَفُوا فِي وَصْفِكَ بِمَا أَرَى أَنَّكَ إِنْ وَقَفْتَ عَلَيْهِ بَرِئْتَ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْهُ
This guard began, the one responsible for bringing down Al-Reza-asws, and said to him-asws, ‘The people are talking a lot about you-asws and they are being extravagant in describing you-asws what I see that you were to pause upon it, you-asws would be disavowed to them from it’.
فَأَوَّلُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّكَ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ فِي الْمَطَرِ الْمُعْتَادِ مَجِيؤُهُ فَجَاءَ فَجَعَلُوهُ آيَةً لَكَ مُعْجِزَةً أَوْجَبُوا لَكَ بِهَا أَنْ لَا نَظِيرَ لَكَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ هَذَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَدَامَ اللَّهُ مُلْكَهُ وَ بَقَاءَهُ لَا يُوَازَنُ بِأَحَدٍ إِلَّا رَجَحَ بِهِ وَ قَدْ أَحَلَّكَ الْمَحَلَّ الَّذِي عَرَفْتَ فَلَيْسَ مِنْ حَقِّهِ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تُسَوِّغَ الْكَاذِبِينَ لَكَ وَ عَلَيْهِ مَا يَتَكَذَّبُونَهُ
The first of that is that you supplicated to Allah-azwj regarding the rain, its coming was normal, but it was made to be a sign for you-asws, a miracle obligating for you by it that there is no match for you-asws in the world. And this is commander of the faithful, may Allah-azwj Make his kingdom to be permanent and his remaining, he does not get weighed with anyone except he outweighs him, and he has permitted you the position which you-asws know of. It isn’t for his right upon you-asws to justify the liars to be for you and against him what they are belying’.
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع مَا أَدْفَعُ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ عَنِ التَّحَدُّثِ بِنِعَمِ اللَّهِ عَلَيَّ وَ إِنْ كُنْتُ لَا أَبْغِي أَشَراً وَ لَا بَطَراً
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘I-asws will not push the servants of Allah-azwj away from discussing the Favours of Allah-azwj upon me-asws, and even though I-asws am neither seeking evil nor arrogance.
وَ أَمَّا ذِكْرُكَ صَاحِبَكَ الَّذِي أَحَلَّنِي فَمَا أَحَلَّنِي إِلَّا الْمَحَلَّ الَّذِي أَحَلَّهُ مَلِكُ مِصْرَ يُوسُفَ الصِّدِّيقَ ع وَ كَانَتْ حَالُهُمَا مَا قَدْ عَلِمْتَ
And as for your mentioning your companion who has given me-asws a position. He has not given me-asws except the position which the governor of Egypt have given to Yusuf-as the truthful, and their situation transpires what you have known’.
فَغَضِبَ الْحَاجِبُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ مُوسَى لَقَدْ عَدَوْتَ طَوْرَكَ وَ تَجَاوَزْتَ قَدْرَكَ أَنْ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِمَطَرٍ مُقَدَّرٍ وَقْتُهُ لَا يَتَقَدَّمُ وَ لَا يَتَأَخَّرُ جَعَلْتَهُ آيَةً تَسْتَطِيلُ بِهَا وَ صَوْلَةً تَصُولُ بِهَا
The guard was angered at that. He said, ‘O son-asws of Musa-asws! You-asws have run your-asws course and have exceeded your-asws worth. Allah-azwj the Exalted Sent the rain at its pre-determined time. It could neither have been brought forwards nor delayed. You-asws made it to be a sign to prolong with and an influence you-asws can connect with.
كَأَنَّكَ جِئْتَ بِمِثْلِ آيَةِ الْخَلِيلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع لَمَّا أَخَذَ رُءُوسَ الطَّيْرِ بِيَدِهِ وَ دَعَا أَعْضَاءَهَا الَّتِي كَانَ فَرَّقَهَا عَلَى الْجِبَالِ فَأَتَيْنَهُ سَعْياً وَ تَرَكَّبْنَ عَلَى الرُّءُوسِ وَ خَفَقْنَ وَ طِرْنَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ
You-asws have come with a sign like Ibrahim-as the friend (of the Beneficent), when he-as took the heads of the birds in his-as hand and called their body parts which he-saww had scattered upon the mountain. So these came hurriedly and installed upon the heads, and they flapped and flew away by the Permission of Allah-azwj.
فَإِنْ كُنْتَ صَادِقاً فِيمَا تَوَهَّمُ فَأَحْيِ هَذَيْنِ وَ سَلِّطْهُمَا عَلَيَّ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يَكُونُ حِينَئِذٍ آيَةً مُعْجِزَةً فَأَمَّا الْمَطَرُ الْمُعْتَادُ مَجِيؤُهُ فَلَسْتَ أَحَقَّ بِأَنْ يَكُونَ جَاءَ بِدُعَائِكَ مِنْ غَيْرِكَ الَّذِي دَعَا كَمَا دَعَوْتَ
If you-asws were truthful in what you-asws are imagining, then revive these two (images of lions upon a pillow of Al-Mamoun) and cause them to overcome upon me, for that would be a sign, a miracle on the day. As for the rain, its coming was normal, so you-asws aren’t more rightful than its coming happened by your-asws supplication than anyone else who supplicated just as you-asws supplicated’.
وَ كَانَ الْحَاجِبُ قَدْ أَشَارَ إِلَى أَسَدَيْنِ مُصَوَّرَيْنِ عَلَى مَسْنَدِ الْمَأْمُونِ الَّذِي كَانَ مُسْتَنِداً إِلَيْهِ وَ كَانَا مُتَقَابِلَيْنِ عَلَى الْمَسْنَدِ
And the guard had indicated to two lions imaged upon a pillow of Al-Mamoun which had been set up for him, and they were facing upon the pillow.
فَغَضِبَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع وَ صَاحَ بِالصُّورَتَيْنِ دُونَكُمَا الْفَاجِرَ فَافْتَرِسَاهُ وَ لَا تُبْقِيَا لَهُ عَيْناً وَ لَا أَثَراً
Ali-asws Bin Musa was angered and shouted at the two images: ‘Deal with the mischief-maker! Devour him and do not let neither an eye nor any trace for him!’
فَوَثَبَتِ الصُّورَتَانِ وَ قَدْ عَادَتَا أَسَدَيْنِ فَتَنَاوَلَا الْحَاجِبَ وَ عَضَّاهُ وَ رَضَّاهُ وَ هَشَمَاهُ وَ أَكَلَاهُ وَ لَحَسَا دَمَهُ وَ الْقَوْمُ يَنْظُرُونَ مُتَحَيِّرِينَ مِمَّا يُبْصِرُونَ
The two images pounced, and they had become two lions. They devoured the guard, and bit him, and scratched him, and broke him, and ate him, and licked his blood, while the people were looking on, stunned from what they were seeing.
فَلَمَّا فَرَغَا مِنْهُ أَقْبَلَا عَلَى الرِّضَا ع وَ قَالا يَا وَلِيَّ اللَّهِ فِي أَرْضِهِ مَا ذَا تَأْمُرُنَا نَفْعَلُ بِهَذَا أَ نَفْعَلُ بِهِ فِعْلَنَا بِهَذَا يُشِيرَانِ إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَغُشِيَ عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ مِمَّا سَمِعَ مِنْهُمَا فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع قِفَا فَوَقَفَا
When they were free from him, they came to Al-Reza-asws and said, ‘O friend of Allah-azwj in His-azwj earth! What are you-asws ordering us to do with this one, should we deal with him as we have dealt with him (guard)?’ – indicating to Al-Mamoun. Al-Mamoun fainted from what he heard from them. Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Stop!’ They stopped.
ثُمَّ قَالَ الرِّضَا ع صُبُّوا عَلَيْهِ مَاءَ وَرْدٍ وَ طَيِّبُوهُ فَفُعِلَ ذَلِكَ بِهِ وَ عَادَ الْأَسَدَانِ يَقُولَانِ أَ تَأْذَنُ لَنَا أَنْ نُلْحِقَهُ بِصَاحِبِهِ الَّذِي أَفْنَيْنَاهُ
Then Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Pour rose water upon him and perfume him!’ That was done with him, and the two lions returned saying, ‘Will you permit us to join him with his companion whom we have annihilated?’
قَالَ لَا فَإِنَّ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهِ تَدْبِيراً هُوَ مُمْضِيهِ فَقَالا مَا ذَا تَأْمُرُنَا فَقَالَ عُودَا إِلَى مَقَرِّكُمَا كَمَا كُنْتُمَا فَعَادَا إِلَى الْمَسْنَدِ وَ صَارَا صُورَتَيْنِ كَمَا كَانَتَا
He-asws said: ‘No, for there is an arrangement for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic regarding him. He-asws will Accomplish it’. They said, ‘What are you-asws ordering us with?’ He-asws said: ‘Return to your settlement just as you had been!’ They returned to the pillow and became two images just as they had been.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي كَفَانِي شَرَّ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ يَعْنِي الرَّجُلَ الْمُفْتَرَسَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلرِّضَا ع يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص هَذَا الْأَمْرُ لِجَدِّكُمْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ لَكُمْ فَلَوْ شِئْتَ لَنَزَلْتُ عَنْهُ لَكَ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Sufficed me of the evil of Humeyd Bin Mihran’, meaning the preyed man. Then he said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! This command is for your-asws grandfather-saww Rasool-Allah-saww, then for you (Imams-asws). If you-asws so desire, I can descend from it for you-asws’.
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع لَوْ شِئْتُ لَمَا نَاظَرْتُكَ وَ لَمْ أَسْأَلْكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ أَعْطَانِي مِنْ طَاعَةِ سَائِرِ خَلْقِهِ مِثْلَ مَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ طَاعَةِ هَاتَيْنِ الصُّورَتَيْنِ إِلَّا جُهَّالَ بَنِي آدَمَ فَإِنَّهُمْ وَ إِنْ خَسِرُوا حُظُوظَهُمْ فَلِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهِمْ تَدْبِيرٌ
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘If I-asws had so desired, I-asws would not have debated you and not asked you, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Given me-asws, from the obedience of rest of His-azwj creatures similar to what you have seen from the obedience of these two images, except the ignoramuses from the children of Adam-as, for they, and even if they were to lose their shares, for there is an arrangement for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic regarding them.
وَ قَدْ أَمَرَنِي بِتَرْكِ الِاعْتِرَاضِ عَلَيْكَ وَ إِظْهَارِ مَا أَظْهَرْتُهُ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ مِنْ تَحْتِ يَدِكَ كَمَا أَمَرَ يُوسُفَ ع بِالْعَمَلِ مِنْ تَحْتِ يَدِ فِرْعَوْنِ مِصْرَ
And He-azwj has Commanded me-asws to leaving the displaying to you and revealing what I-asws have revealed from the deed from under your hand, like what He-azwj had Commanded Yusuf-as with the deed from under the hand of Pharaoh of Egypt’.
قَالَ فَمَا زَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ ضَئِيلًا إِلَى أَنْ قَضَى فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع مَا قَضَى.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Mamoun did not cease to be insignificant until he decreed regarding Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws what he decreed’’.[59]
17- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنِ الصُّولِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْغَلَابِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ زَيْدٍ أَنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ أَمَرَنِي بِقَتْلِ رَجُلٍ فَقَالَ اسْتَبْقِنِي فَإِنَّ لِي شُكْراً فَقَالَ وَ مَنْ أَنْتَ وَ مَا شُكْرُكَ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Bayhaqi, from Al Sowly who said, ‘It is narrated to us by Al Galaby, from Ahmad Bin Isa Bin Zayd,
(The narrator says) ‘Al-Mamoun ordered me with killing a man. He said, ‘Let me live, for there is thanking for me’. He said, ‘And who are you and what is your thanks?’
فَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى ع يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ أَنْ تَتَرَفَّعَ عَنْ شُكْرِ أَحَدٍ وَ إِنْ قَلَّ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَمَرَ عِبَادَهُ بِشُكْرِهِ فَشَكَرُوهُ فَعَفَا عَنْهُمْ.
Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws said (who was happened to be there): ‘O commander of the faithful! I-asws adjure you with Allah-azwj not to raise anyone from thanking, and even if it is little. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded His-azwj servants to thank Him-asws, so they are thanking Him-azwj and He-azwj is Pardoning them’’.[60]
18- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام السِّنَانِيُّ عَنِ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَلَفٍ عَنْ هَرْثَمَةَ بْنَ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى سَيِّدِي وَ مَوْلَايَ يَعْنِي الرِّضَا ع فِي دَارِ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ كَانَ قَدْ ظَهَرَ فِي دَارِ الْمَأْمُونِ أَنَّ الرِّضَا ع قَدْ تُوُفِّيَ وَ لَمْ يَصِحَّ هَذَا الْقَوْلُ فَدَخَلْتُ أُرِيدُ الْإِذْنَ عَلَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Sinany, from Al Asady, from Muhammad Bin Khalaf, from Harsama Bin Ayn who said,
‘I entered to see my chief and my Master-asws, meaning Al-Reza-asws in the house of Al-Mamoun, and it was apparent in the house of Al-Mamoun that Al-Reza-asws had expired, and this word had not been proven correct. I entered intend to get permission to see him-asws.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ فِي بَعْضِ ثِقَاتِ خَدَمِ الْمَأْمُونِ غُلَامٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ صَبِيحٌ الدَّيْلَمِيُّ وَ كَانَ يَتَوَلَّى سَيِّدِي حَقَّ وَلَايَتِهِ وَ إِذَا صَبِيحٌ قَدْ خَرَجَ فَلَمَّا رَآنِي قَالَ لِي يَا هَرْثَمَةُ أَ لَسْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنِّي ثِقَةُ الْمَأْمُونِ عَلَى سِرِّهِ وَ عَلَانِيَتِهِ قُلْتُ بَلَى
He (the narrator) said, ‘And among the ones serving Al-Mamoun, there was a slave call Sabeeh Al-Daylami, and he used to befriend my Master-asws as was the right of his-asws Wilayah. And Sabeeh was coming. When he saw me, said to me, ‘O Harsama! Don’t you know that I am a trusted one of Al-Mamoun upon his secrets and his announcements?’ I said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ اعْلَمْ يَا هَرْثَمَةُ أَنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ دَعَانِي وَ ثَلَاثِينَ غُلَاماً مِنْ ثِقَاتِهِ عَلَى سِرِّهِ وَ عَلَانِيَتِهِ فِي الثُّلُثِ الْأَوَّلِ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَ قَدْ صَارَ لَيْلُهُ نَهَاراً مِنْ كَثْرَةِ الشُّمُوعِ وَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ سُيُوفٌ مَسْلُولَةٌ مَشْحُوذَةٌ مَسْمُومَةٌ
He said, ‘Know, O Harsama! Al-Mamoun summoned me and thirty slaves from his trusted ones upon his secrets and his announcements during the first third of the night. I entered to see him, and his night had become a day from the large numbers of candles, and there were unsheathed swords in front of him, sharpened, poisoned.
فَدَعَا بِنَا غُلَاماً غُلَاماً وَ أَخَذَ عَلَيْنَا الْعَهْدَ وَ الْمِيثَاقَ بِلِسَانِهِ وَ لَيْسَ بِحَضْرَتِنَا أَحَدٌ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ غَيْرُنَا فَقَالَ لَنَا هَذَا الْعَهْدُ لَازِمٌ لَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تَفْعَلُونَ مَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِهِ وَ لَا تُخَالِفُوا مِنْهُ شَيْئاً
He called us slave by slave, and he took the pact upon us and the covenant with his tongue, and there isn’t anyone from the creatures of Allah-azwj who was present, apart from us. He said, ‘This is a pact (and) is necessary for you all. You will be doing what I am ordering you with will not be opposing anything from it’.
قَالَ فَحَلَفْنَا لَهُ فَقَالَ يَأْخُذُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمْ سَيْفاً بِيَدِهِ وَ امْضُوا حَتَّى تَدْخُلُوا عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا فِي حُجْرَتِهِ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمُوهُ قَائِماً أَوْ قَاعِداً أَوْ نَائِماً فَلَا تُكَلِّمُوهُ وَ ضَعُوا أَسْيَافَكُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَ اخْلِطُوا لَحْمَهُ وَ دَمَهُ وَ شَعْرَهُ وَ عَظْمَهُ وَ مُخَّهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘We swore oaths for him. He said, ‘Each one of you should take a sword in his hand and go until they enter to (the presence of) Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws in his-asws chamber. Whether you find him-asws standing, or seated, or sleeping, do not speak to him-asws and place your swords upon him-asws, and mix up his-asws flesh, and his-asws blood, and his-asws hair, and his-asws bones, and his-asws brain.
ثُمَّ اقْلِبُوا عَلَيْهِ بِسَاطَهُ وَ امْسَحُوا أَسْيَافَكُمْ بِهِ وَ صِيرُوا إِلَيَّ وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمْ عَلَى هَذَا الْفِعْلِ وَ كِتْمَانِهِ عَشْرَ بِدَرِ دَرَاهِمَ وَ عَشْرَ ضِيَاعٍ مُنْتَجَبَةٍ وَ الْحُظُوظَ عِنْدِي مَا حُيِّيتُ وَ بَقِيتُ
Then fold his carpet upon him-asws and wipe your swords with it and come back to me. And I have made to be for each one of you, based upon this deed and its concealing, ten large sums of Dirhams, and ten selected estates, and the shares with me for as long as you live and remain!’
قَالَ فَأَخَذْنَا الْأَسْيَافَ بِأَيْدِينَا وَ دَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِي حُجْرَتِهِ فَوَجَدْنَاهُ مُضْطَجِعاً يُقَلِّبُ طَرَفَ يَدَيْهِ وَ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِكَلَامٍ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘We took the swords in our hands, and we entered to (attack) him-asws in his-asws chamber. We found him-asws lying down, turning an end of his-asws hand and speaking with a speech we did not recognise’.
قَالَ فَبَادَرَ الْغِلْمَانُ إِلَيْهِ بِالسُّيُوفِ وَ وَضَعْتُ سَيَفِي وَ أَنَا قَائِمٌ أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ وَ كَأَنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ عَلِمَ بِمَصِيرِنَا إِلَيْهِ فَلَبِسَ عَلَى بَدَنِهِ مَا لَا تَعْمَلُ فِيهِ السُّيُوفُ فَطَوَوْا عَلَيْهِ بِسَاطَهُ وَ خَرَجُوا حَتَّى دَخَلُوا عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘The slaves rushed towards him-asws with the swords, and I placed down my sword, and I was standing looking at him-asws. And it was as if he-asws had known of our coming to him-asws for he-asws was wearing upon his-asws body what the swords could not work in it. They folded his-asws carpet upon him-asws, and they went out until they entered to Al-Mamoun.
فَقَالَ مَا صَنَعْتُمْ قَالُوا فَعَلْنَا مَا أَمَرْتَنَا بِهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ لَا تُعِيدُوا شَيْئاً مِمَّا كَانَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ عِنْدَ تَبَلُّجِ الْفَجْرِ خَرَجَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَجَلَسَ مَجْلِسَهُ مَكْشُوفَ الرَّأْسِ مُحَلَّلَ الْأَزْرَارِ وَ أَظْهَرَ وَفَاتَهُ وَ قَعَدَ لِلتَّعْزِيَةِ
He said, ‘What did you do?’ They said, ‘We did what you had ordered us with, O commander of the faithful!’ He said, ‘Do not repeat anything from what has happened!’ When it was during the approach of dawn, Al-Mamoun came out and sat in his seat, uncovered of head, loosened of trouser, and revealed his-asws expiry, and sat for the consoling.
ثُمَّ قَامَ حَافِياً فَمَشَى لِيَنْظُرَ إِلَيْهِ وَ أَنَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ حُجْرَتَهُ سَمِعَ هَمْهَمَةً فَأُرْعِدَ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ عِنْدَهُ قُلْتُ لَا عِلْمَ لَنَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ أَسْرِعُوا وَ انْظُرُوا
Then he stood up bare footed to look at him-asws, and I was in front of him. When he entered to him-asws in his-asws chamber, he heard humming, so he trembled, then said, ‘Who is with him-asws’. I said, ‘There is no knowledge for us, O commander of the faithful!’ He said, ‘Hasten and look!’
قَالَ صَبِيحٌ فَأَسْرَعْنَا إِلَى الْبَيْتِ فَإِذَا سَيِّدِي ع جَالِسٌ فِي مِحْرَابِهِ يُصَلِّي وَ يُسَبِّحُ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هُوَ ذَا نَرَى شَخْصاً فِي مِحْرَابِهِ يُصَلِّي وَ يُسَبِّحُ فَانْتَفَضَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ ارْتَعَدَ ثُمَّ قَالَ غَرَرْتُمُونِي لَعَنَكُمُ اللَّهُ
Sabeeh said, ‘We hastened to the room, and there was my Master-asws seated in his prayer niche praying and glorifying. I said, ‘O commander of the faithful, he-asws is there! We can see a person being in his-asws prayer niche praying Salat and glorifying!’ Al-Mamoun arose and trembled, then said, ‘You deceived me, may Allah-azwj Curse you all!’
ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ مِنْ بَيْنِ الْجَمَاعَةِ فَقَالَ لِي يَا صَبِيحُ أَنْتَ تَعْرِفُهُ فَانْظُرْ مَنِ الْمُصَلِّي عِنْدَهُ
Then he turned to me, from between the group. He said to me, ‘O Sabeeh! Do you know him? Look, who is the one praying in his-asws presence!’
قَالَ صَبِيحٌ فَدَخَلْتُ وَ تَوَلَّى الْمَأْمُونُ رَاجِعاً فَلَمَّا صِرْتُ عِنْدَ عَتَبَةِ الْبَابِ قَالَ لِي يَا صَبِيحُ قُلْتُ لَبَّيْكَ يَا مَوْلَايَ وَ قَدْ سَقَطْتُ لِوَجْهِي فَقَالَ قُمْ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُطْفِؤُا نُورَ اللَّهِ بِأَفْواهِهِمْ وَ اللَّهُ مُتِمُّ نُورِهِ وَ لَوْ كَرِهَ الْكافِرُونَ
Sabeeh said, ‘I entered, and Al-Mamoun turned back returning. When I came to be at the threshold of the door, he-asws said to me: ‘O Sabeeh!’ I said, ‘Here I am my Master-asws!’ And I had fallen to my face. He-asws said: ‘Arise, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you! They are intending to extinguish the Light of Allah with their mouths, and Allah Refused except that He would Complete His Light, and even though the Kafirs dislike it [9:32]’.
قَالَ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَوَجَدْتُ وَجْهَهُ كَقِطَعِ اللَّيْلِ الْمُظْلِمِ فَقَالَ لِي يَا صَبِيحُ مَا وَرَاكَ قُلْتُ لَهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هُوَ وَ اللَّهِ جَالِسٌ فِي حُجْرَتِهِ وَ قَدْ نَادَانِي وَ قَالَ لِي كَيْتَ وَ كَيْتَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I returned to Al-Mamoun and found his face to be like a piece of the dark night. He said to me, ‘O Sabeeh! What is behind you?’ I said to him, ‘O commander of the faithful! By Allah-azwj! He-asws is in his-asws chamber and had called out to me and said to me such and such’.
قَالَ فَشَدَّ أَزْرَارَهُ وَ أَمَرَ بِرَدِّ أَثْوَابِهِ وَ قَالَ قُولُوا إِنَّهُ كَانَ غُشِيَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَفَاقَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He tightened his trouser and ordered with returning his clothes and said, ‘Be saying that there had been unconsciousness upon him-asws and he-asws has (now) awaken!’
قَالَ هَرْثَمَةُ فَأَكْثَرْتُ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ شُكْراً وَ حَمْداً ثُمَّ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى سَيِّدِيَ الرِّضَا ع فَلَمَّا رَآنِي قَالَ يَا هَرْثَمَةُ لَا تُحَدِّثْ بِمَا حَدَّثَكَ بِهِ صَبِيحٌ أَحَداً إِلَّا مَنِ امْتَحَنَ اللَّهُ قَلْبَهُ لِلْإِيمَانِ بِمَحَبَّتِنَا وَ وَلَايَتِنَا فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ يَا سَيِّدِي
Harsama said, ‘I frequented the thanks and praises to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. Then I entered to (see) my Master-asws Al-Reza-asws. When he-asws saw me, said: ‘O Harsama! Do not narrate with what you narrated to Sabeeh with to anyone, except the one whose heart Allah-azwj has Tested for the Eman and with our-asws love and our-asws Wilayah!’ I said, ‘Yes, O my Master-asws!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي ع يَا هَرْثَمَةُ وَ اللَّهِ لَا يَضُرُّنَا كَيْدُهُمْ شَيْئاً حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْكِتَابُ أَجَلَهُ.
Then he-asws said to me: ‘By Allah-azwj, O Harsama! Their plots cannot harm us-asws of anything until the Decree reaches its term’’.[61]
19- أَقُولُ رَوَى السَّيِّدُ الْمُرْتَضَى فِي كِتَابِ الْعُيُونِ وَ الْمَحَاسِنِ عَنِ الشَّيْخِ الْمُفِيدِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا سَارَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِلَى خُرَاسَانَ وَ كَانَ مَعَهُ الرِّضَا عَلِيُ بْنُ مُوسَى ع فَبَيْنَا هُمَا يَسِيرَانِ إِذْ قَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ إِنِّي فَكَّرْتُ فِي شَيْءٍ فَنُتِجَ لِيَ الْفِكْرُ الصَّوَابُ فِيهِ فَكَّرْتُ فِي أَمْرِنَا وَ أَمْرِكُمْ وَ نَسَبِنَا وَ نَسَبِكُمْ فَوَجَدْتُ الْفَضِيلَةَ فِيهِ وَاحِدَةً وَ رَأَيْتُ اخْتِلَافَ شِيعَتِنَا فِي ذَلِكَ مَحْمُولًا عَلَى الْهَوَى وَ الْعَصَبِيَّةِ
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by the Seyyid Al Murtaza in ‘Kitab Al Uyoon’, and ‘Al Mahasin’ from the Sheykh Al Mufeed, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with them both, said,
‘It is reported that when Al-Mamoun travelled to Khurasan, and Al-Reza Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws was with him, while they were travelling what Al-Mamoun said to him-asws, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! I have been thinking regarding something, and it resulted in the correct thought for me regarding it. I have thought regarding our matter and your-asws matter, and our lineage and your-asws lineage. I found the merits in it to be one (same). And I see the differing of our Shias regarding that being carried upon the whims and the prejudices’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع إِنَّ لِهَذَا الْكَلَامِ جَوَاباً إِنْ شِئْتَ ذَكَرْتُهُ لَكَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَمْسَكْتُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ إِنِّي لَمْ أَقُلْهُ إِلَّا لِأَعْلَمَ مَا عِنْدَكَ فِيهِ
Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws said: ‘There is an answer for this talk. If you like I-asws can mentioned it to you, and if you like I-asws can withhold’. Al-Mamoun said to him-asws, ‘I did not say it except to know what is with you-asws with regards to it’.
قَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع أَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَوْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى بَعَثَ نَبِيَّهُ مُحَمَّداً ص فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ وَرَاءِ أَكَمَةٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْآكَامِ يَخْطُبُ إِلَيْكَ ابْنَتَكَ كُنْتَ مُزَوِّجَهُ إِيَّاهَا
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘I-asws adjure you with Allah-azwj, O commander of the faithful! If Allah-azwj were to (re) Send His-azwj Prophet-saww Muhammad-saww to us from behind a hill from these hills to propose to you for your daughter, would you get her married to him-saww?’
فَقَالَ يَا سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَ هَلْ أَحَدٌ يَرْغَبُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع أَ فَتَرَاهُ كَانَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَخْطُبَ إِلَيَّ
He said, ‘O Glory be to Allah-azwj! And can anyone turn away from Rasool-Allah-saww?’ Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘Do you view it would be Permissible for him-asws to propose to me-asws (for my-asws daughter-asws)?’
قَالَ فَسَكَتَ الْمَأْمُونُ هُنَيْئَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ أَنْتُمْ وَ اللَّهِ أَمَسُّ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص رَحِماً.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Mamoun was silent for a while, then said, ‘By Allah-azwj! You all are of a more touching kinship with Rasool-Allah-saww’’.[62]
20- وَ عَنِ الْكِتَابِ الْمَذْكُورِ قَالَ: قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَوْماً لِلرِّضَا ع أَخْبِرْنِي بِأَكْبَرِ فَضِيلَةٍ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهَا الْقُرْآنُ
And from the mentioned book, said,
‘One day Al-Mamoun said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘Inform me of the greatest merit for Amir Al-Momineen-asws pointed upon by the Quran’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع فَضِيلَةٌ فِي الْمُبَاهَلَةِ قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ فَمَنْ حَاجَّكَ فِيهِ الْآيَةَ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع فَكَانَا ابْنَيْهِ وَ دَعَا فَاطِمَةَ ع فَكَانَتْ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ نِسَاءَهُ وَ دَعَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَكَانَ نَفْسَهُ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘Merit during the Imprecation (Al-Mubahila). Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty Said: So the one who argues with you in this [3:61] – the Verse. Rasool-Allah-saww called Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. They-asws were both his-asws sons-asws. And he-saww called (Syeda) Fatima-asws, so in this place, she-asws was his-saww ‘women’. And he-saww called Amir Al-Momineen-asws. So he-asws was his-saww ‘self’, by a Judgment of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
فَثَبَتَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى أَجَلَّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَفْضَلَ فَوَاجِبٌ أَنْ لَا يَكُونَ أَحَدٌ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ نَفْسِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
Thus, it is proven that there isn’t anyone from the creatures of Allah-azwj the Exalted more majestic than Rasool-Allah-azwj and superior. It obligates that there cannot be anyone superior to the ‘self’ of Rasool-Allah-saww, by a Judgment of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْأَبْنَاءَ بِلَفْظِ الْجَمْعِ وَ إِنَّمَا دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ابْنَيْهِ خَاصَّةً وَ ذَكَرَ النِّسَاءَ بِلَفْظِ الْجَمْعِ وَ إِنَّمَا دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ابْنَتَهُ وَحْدَهَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Mamoun said to him-asws, ‘Hasn’t Allah-azwj the Exalted Mentioned the word ‘sons’ as the plural, and rather Rasool-Allah-saww called his-saww two sons-asws especially, and He-azwj Mentioned the ‘women’ as a plural word, and rather Rasool-Allah-azwj called his-saww daughter-asws alone.
فَأَلَّا جَازَ أَنْ يَذْكُرَ الدُّعَاءَ لِمَنْ هُوَ نَفْسُهُ وَ يَكُونَ الْمُرَادُ نَفْسَهُ فِي الْحَقِيقَةِ دُونَ غَيْرِهِ فَلَا يَكُونَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنَ الْفَضْلِ
So it cannot be allowed that He-azwj would Mention the calling to the one who is his-saww ‘self’ and the purpose would be himself-saww in the reality, besides anyone else. So, there cannot be the merit for Amir Al-Momineen-asws what you-asws mentioned’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا ع لَيْسَ يَصِحُّ مَا ذَكَرْتَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الدَّاعِيَ إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ دَاعِياً لِغَيْرِهِ كَمَا أَنَّ الْآمِرَ آمِرٌ لِغَيْرِهِ وَ لَا يَصِحُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ دَاعِياً لِنَفْسِهِ فِي الْحَقِيقَةِ كَمَا لَا يَكُونُ آمِراً لَهَا فِي الْحَقِيقَةِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Reza-asws said to him: ‘What you have mentioned isn’t correct, O commander of the faithful, and that is because the caller rather, happens to be calling someone else, just as the ordering one orders to others, and it cannot be correct that a caller would be calling for himself in the reality, just as an ordering one cannot be for it in the reality.
وَ إِذَا لَمْ يَدْعُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رَجُلًا فِي الْمُبَاهَلَةِ إِلَّا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَدْ ثَبَتَ أَنَّهُ نَفْسُهُ الَّتِي عَنَاهَا اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ جَعَلَ لَهُ حُكْمَهُ ذَلِكَ فِي تَنْزِيلِهِ
And when Rasool-Allah-saww did not call any man regarding the imprecation (Al-Mubahila) except Amir Al-Momineen-asws, so it is proven that he-asws is his-saww ‘self’ which Allah-azwj the Glorious has Meant in His-azwj Book and Made that to be a Command to him-saww in His-azwj Revelation’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِذَا وَرَدَ الْجَوَابُ سَقَطَ السُّؤَالُ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Mamoun said, ‘When the answer arrives, the questions falls’’.[63]
باب 15 ما كان يتقرب به المأمون إلى الرضا ع في الاحتجاج على المخالفين
CHAPTER 15 – WHAT AL-MAMOUN DREW CLOSER TO AL-REZA-asws WITH REGARDING THE ARGUMENTATIONS AGAINST THE OPPONENTS
1- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام تَمِيمٌ الْقُرَشِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ قَالَ: كَانَ الْمَأْمُونُ يَعْقِدُ مَجَالِسَ النَّظَرِ وَ يَجْمَعُ الْمُخَالِفِينَ لِأَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ ع وَ يُكَلِّمُهُمْ فِي إِمَامَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ تَفْضِيلِهِ عَلَى جَمِيعِ الصَّحَابَةِ تَقَرُّباً إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع وَ كَانَ الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ لِأَصْحَابِهِ الَّذِينَ يَثِقُ بِهِمْ لَا تَغْتَرُّوا بِقَوْلِهِ فَمَا يَقْتُلُنِي وَ اللَّهِ غَيْرُهُ وَ لَكِنَّهُ لَا بُدَّ لِي مِنَ الصَّبْرِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْكِتابُ أَجَلَهُ.
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Tameem Al Qureysho, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Ali Al Ansary, from Is’haq Bin Hammad who said,
‘Al-Mamoun had sat in a gathering of viewpoints. He gathered the opponents of People-asws of the Household and spoke to the regarding the Imamate of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and his-asws merits over entirety of the companions (in order) to draw closer to Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws, and Al-Reza-asws was saying to his-asws companions: ‘Rely with them. Do not be deceived by his words. BY Allah-azwj! No one will kill me-asws other than him, but there is no escape for me-asws from the patience: until the writing reaches its (end of) term; [2:235]’’.[64]
2- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام أَبِي وَ ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ مَعاً عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ الرَّازِيِّ عَنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْنَا يَحْيَى بْنَ أَكْثَمَ الْقَاضِيَ قَالَ أَمَرَنِي الْمَأْمُونُ بِإِحْضَارِ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ وَ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكَلَامِ وَ النَّظَرِ فَجَمَعْتُ لَهُ مِنَ الصِّنْفَيْنِ زُهَاءَ أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلًا ثُمَّ مَضَيْتُ بِهِمْ فَأَمَرْتُهُمْ بِالْكَيْنُونَةِ فِي مَجْلِسِ الْحَاجِبِ لِأُعْلِمَهُ بِمَكَانِهِمْ فَفَعَلُوا فَأَعْلَمْتُهُ فَأَمَرَنِي بِإِدْخَالِهِمْ فَفَعَلْتُ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – My father and Ibn Al Waleed, from Muhammad Al Attar, and Ahmad Bin Idrees, both together from Al Ashary, from Salih Bin Abu Hammad Al Razy, from Is’haq Bin Hatim, from Is’haq Bin Hammad Bin Zayd who said,
‘The judge Yahya Bin Aksam gathered us. He said, ‘Al-Mamoun ordered me with presenting a group from the people of Al-Hadeeth, and a group from the people of theology and the insight (to Ali-asws Ibn Musa-asws). I gathered the two types for him-asws more than forty men. Then I went with them and instructed them with be with the guard in the gathering due to his knowledge of their places. They did so. I let him (Al-Mamoun) know and he ordered me with their entering. I did so.
فَدَخَلُوا وَ سَلَّمُوا فَحَدَّثَهُمْ سَاعَةً وَ آنَسَهُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَجْعَلَكُمْ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي يَوْمِي هَذَا حُجَّةً فَمَنْ كَانَ حَاقِناً أَوْ لَهُ حَاجَةٌ فَلْيَقُمْ إِلَى قَضَاءِ حَاجَتِهِ وَ انْبَسِطُوا وَ سَلُّوا أَخْفَافَكُمْ وَ ضَعُوا أَرْدِيَتَكُمْ فَفَعَلُوا مَا أُمِرُوا بِهِ
They entered and greeted. He (Al-Mamoun) discussed with them for a while and comforted them, then said, ‘I want to make you all to be between me and Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted during this day of mine as an argument. The one who has retention and there is a need for him, then let him stand and fulfil his need, and spread out and take off your shoes and place down your cloaks’. They did what they had been ordered with.
فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا الْقَوْمُ إِنَّمَا اسْتَحْضَرْتُكُمْ لِأَحْتَجَّ بِكُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ انْظُرُوا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ إِمَامِكُمْ وَ لَا تَمْنَعْكُمْ جَلَالَتِي وَ مَكَانِي مِنْ قَوْلِ الْحَقِّ حَيْثُ كَانَ وَ رَدِّ الْبَاطِلِ عَلَى مَنْ أَتَى بِهِ وَ أَشْفِقُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ تَقَرَّبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى بِرِضْوَانِهِ وَ إِيثَارِ طَاعَتِهِ
He (who) said, ‘O you people! But rather, I-asws have had you presented to argue by you all in the Presence of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, so fear Allah-azwj and look out for yourselves, and your imam, and do not let my majesty and my position prevent you from the word of truth wherever it may be and refuting the falsehood upon the one who comes with it! And pity yourselves from the Fire and draw closer to Allah-azwj the Exalted by His-azwj Pleasure and prefer His-azwj obedience!
Note (from translator): The arguments below are from the arguments of Masomeen-asws, as we know from Ahadith and we believe that these are wrongly and unjustifiably ascribed to Al-Mamoun.
فَمَا أَحَدٌ تَقَرَّبَ إِلَى مَخْلُوقٍ بِمَعْصِيَةِ الْخَالِقِ إِلَّا سَلَّطَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَنَاظِرُونِي بِجَمِيعِ عُقُولِكُمْ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ أَزْعُمُ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً خَيْرُ الْبَشَرِ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ ص فَإِنْ كُنْتُ مُصِيباً فَصَوِّبُوا قَوْلِي وَ إِنْ كُنْتُ مُخْطِئاً فَرُدُّوا عَلَيَّ وَ هَلُمُّوا فَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ سَأَلْتُكُمْ وَ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ سَأَلْتُمُونِي-
There is no one who can draw closer to the created being by disobeying the Creator except Allah-azwj Overcomes upon him. So, debate me with entirety of your intellects! I am a man who claims that Ali-asws is best of the persons after the Prophet-saww. If I were to be correct then ratify my words, and if I were to be mistaken, then refute it upon me! And come, if you like I will ask you, and if you like, you can ask me!’
(Note: This claim is not for others but the Divine Imam-asws – in history no one other than Infallible made such a claim but was humiliated when could not answer when people asked him)
فَقَالَ لَهُ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ بِالْحَدِيثِ بَلْ نَسْأَلُكَ فَقَالَ هَاتُوا وَ قَلِّدُوا كَلَامَكُمْ رَجُلًا مِنْكُمْ فَإِذَا تَكَلَّمَ فَإِنْ كَانَ عِنْدَ أَحَدِكُمْ زِيَادَةٌ فَلْيَزِدْ وَ إِنْ أَتَى بِخَلَلٍ فَسَدِّدُوهُ
Those who were saying (believing) in the Hadeeth, said, ‘But, we shall ask you!’ He said, ‘Give, and collar your talk to a man from you. So when he talks, and there is an addition with one of you, then he can add, and if he comes with a deficiency, then he can make up for it’.
فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ أَمَّا نَحْنُ فَنَزْعُمُ أَنَّ خَيْرَ النَّاسِ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ ص أَبُو بَكْرٍ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّ الرِّوَايَةَ الْمُجْمَعَ عَلَيْهَا جَاءَتْ عَنِ الرَّسُولِ ص قَالَ اقْتَدُوا بِالَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِي أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ فَلَمَّا أَمَرَ نَبِيُّ الرَّحْمَةِ بِالاقْتِدَاءِ بِهِمَا عَلِمْنَا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَأْمُرْ بِالاقْتِدَاءِ إِلَّا بِخَيْرِ النَّاسِ
A speaker from them said, ‘As for us, we are claiming the best of people after the Prophet-saww is Abu Bakr, from the direction that the reports are united upon it coming from the Rasool-saww. He-saww said: ‘Be guided by the ones from after me-saww, Abu Bakr and Umar’. When the Prophet-saww of Mercy had ordered with being led by these two, we know that he-asws would not order with being except by the best of the people’.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ الرِّوَايَاتُ كَثِيرَةٌ وَ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ كُلُّهَا حَقّاً أَوْ كُلُّهَا بَاطِلًا أَوْ بَعْضُهَا حَقّاً وَ بَعْضُهَا بَاطِلًا فَلَوْ كَانَتْ كُلُّهَا حَقّاً كَانَتْ كُلُّهَا بَاطِلًا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّ بَعْضَهَا يَنْقُضُ بَعْضاً وَ لَوْ كَانَتْ كُلُّهَا بَاطِلًا كَانَ فِي بُطْلَانِهَا بُطْلَانُ الدِّينِ وَ دُرُوسُ الشَّرِيعَةِ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘The reports are many and there is no escape from all these being true, or all of these being false, or some of these are true and some of these are false. If all of these were true, then all of these would end up being false from the direction that some of them are contradicting the others. And if all of these are false, then in their invalidation is the invalidation of the religion and the lessons of law.
فَلَمَّا بَطَلَ الْوَجْهَانِ ثَبَتَ الثَّالِثُ بِالاضْطِرَارِ وَ هُوَ أَنَّ بَعْضَهَا حَقٌّ وَ بَعْضَهَا بَاطِلٌ فَإِذَا كَانَ كَذَلِكَ فَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ دَلِيلٍ عَلَى مَا يَحِقُّ مِنْهَا لِيُعْتَقَدَ وَ يُنْفَى خِلَافُهُ فَإِذَا كَانَ دَلِيلُ الْخَبَرِ فِي نَفْسِهِ حَقّاً كَانَ أَوْلَى مَا أَعْتَقِدُهُ وَ آخُذُ بِهِ
When the two aspects are invalidated, the third is proven by desperation, and it is that some of these are true and some of these are false. So when it were like that, then there is no escape from evidencing upon what would be true from these in order to believe and negate its opposite. When the evidence of the Hadeeth is in itself true, it would be foremost for what to believe in and to take with it.
وَ رِوَايَتُكَ هَذِهِ مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ الَّتِي أَدِلَّتُهَا بَاطِلَةٌ فِي نَفْسِهَا وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَحْكَمُ الْحُكَمَاءِ وَ أَوْلَى الْخَلْقِ بِالصِّدْقِ وَ أَبْعَدُ النَّاسِ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ بِالْمُحَالِ وَ حَمْلِ النَّاسِ عَلَى التَّدَيُّنِ بِالْخِلَافِ
And this report of yours from the Ahadeeth is evidentially false in itself, and that is because Rasool-Allah-saww was wisest of the wise and foremost of the people with the truthfulness, and furthest of the people from ordering with the impossibilities and carry the people upon the arrangement with the differing.
وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ هَذَيْنِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ لَا يَخْلُو مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَا مُتَّفِقَيْنِ مِنْ كُلِّ جِهَةٍ أَوْ مُخْتَلِفَيْنِ فَإِنْ كَانَا مُتَّفِقَيْنِ مِنْ كُلِّ جِهَةٍ كَانَا وَاحِداً فِي الْعَدَدِ وَ الصِّفَةِ وَ الصُّورَةِ وَ الْجِسْمِ وَ هَذَا مَعْدُومٌ أَنْ يَكُونَ اثْنَانِ بِمَعْنًى وَاحِدٍ مِنْ كُلِّ جِهَةٍ
And that is because these two men are not empty from being concordant from every aspect or different. If they were both concordant from every aspect, they would have been one in the number, and the attributes, and the face, and the body. And this is impossible from them being two with one meaning from every aspect.
وَ إِنْ كَانَا مُخْتَلِفَيْنِ فَكَيْفَ يَجُوزُ الِاقْتِدَاءُ بِهِمَا وَ هَذَا تَكْلِيفُ مَا لَا يُطَاقُ لِأَنَّكَ إِنِ اقْتَدَيْتَ بِوَاحِدٍ خَالَفْتَ الْآخَرَ وَ الدَّلِيلُ عَلَى اخْتِلَافِهِمَا أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ سَبَى أَهْلَ الرِّدَّةِ وَ رَدَّهُمْ عُمَرُ أَحْرَاراً وَ أَشَارَ عُمَرُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ بِعَزْلِ خَالِدٍ وَ بِقَتْلِهِ بِمَالِكِ بْنِ نُوَيْرَةَ فَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَيْهِ وَ حَرَّمَ عُمَرُ الْمُتْعَةَ وَ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ وَضَعَ عُمَرُ دِيوَانَ الْعَطِيَّةِ وَ لَمْ يَفْعَلْهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ اسْتَخْلَفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ عُمَرُ وَ لِهَذَا نَظَائِرُ كَثِيرَةٌ
And if they were different, then how is it allowed to be led by them both, and this is an encumberment what cannot be endured, because if you are being led by one, you would be opposing the other. And the evidence upon their differing is that Abu Bakr captured the people of apostasy and Umar returned them as free; and Umar consulted upon Abu Bakr with removing Khalid and killing him by Malik Bin Nuweyra, but Abu Bakr refused to him; and Umar prohibited the Mut’ah and Abu Bakr did not do that; and Umar placed the register of awards and Abu Bakr did not do it, and Abu Bakr nominated a caliph and Umar did not do that. And for this there are many such things’.
قَالَ الصَّدُوقُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي هَذَا فَصْلٌ لَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ الْمَأْمُونُ لِخَصْمِهِ وَ هُوَ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَرْوُوا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ اقْتَدُوا بِالَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِي أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ وَ إِنَّمَا رَوَوْا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ رَوَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ فَلَوْ كَانَتِ الرِّوَايَةُ صَحِيحَةً لَكَانَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ بِالنَّصْبِ اقْتَدُوا بِالَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ الْعِتْرَةِ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ بِالرَّفْعِ اقْتَدُوا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ بِالَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ الْعِتْرَةِ
Al Sadouq said, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with him, said, ‘And this is a decision Al-Mamoun did not mention it to his contenders, and it is that they did not report that the Prophet-saww had said: ‘Be led by the ones from after me, Abu Bakr and Umar’. And rather it was reported by Abu Bakr, and Umar. And from them the ones who reported were Abu Bakr and Umar. So if the report were correct, the meaning of his-asws words with the nomination would be: ‘Be led by those from after me-saww, the Book of Allah-azwj and the family, or Abu Bakr and Umar? And the meaning of his-saww by the holding is, ‘Be led, O you people, and Abu Bakr and Umar, by the ones from after me-saww, Book of Allah-azwj and the family-asws!’’
رَجَعْنَا إِلَى حَدِيثِ الْمَأْمُونِ فَقَالَ آخَرُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْحَدِيثِ فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ لَوْ كُنْتُ مُتَّخِذاً خَلِيلًا لَاتَّخَذْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ خَلِيلًا
We return to the Hadeeth of Al-Mamoun. Another one from the companions of Hadeeth said, ‘The Prophet-saww has said: ‘If I-saww were to take a friend, I-saww would be taking Abu Bakr as a friend!’
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ هَذَا مُسْتَحِيلٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّ رِوَايَاتِكُمْ أَنَّهُ ص آخَى بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِهِ وَ أَخَّرَ عَلِيّاً فَقَالَ ع لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ مَا أَخَّرْتُكَ إِلَّا لِنَفْسِي فَأَيُّ الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ ثَبَتَتْ بَطَلَتِ الْأُخْرَى
Al-Mamoun said, ‘This is impossible, from the direction that you are reporting that he-saww had established brotherhood between his-saww companions, and delayed Ali-asws. He-asws said to him-saww regarding that. He-saww said: ‘I-saww did not delay you except for myself-saww’. So whichever of the two reports is proven the other one would be invalidated’.
قَالَ آخَرُ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَالَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ خَيْرُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ
Another one said, ‘Ali-asws said upon the pulpit, ‘The best of this community after its Prophet-saww are Abu Bakr and Umar’’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ هَذَا مُسْتَحِيلٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص لَوْ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ مَا وَلَّى عَلَيْهِمَا مَرَّةً عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ وَ مَرَّةً أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ وَ مِمَّا يُكَذِّبُ هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةَ قَوْلُ عَلِيٍّ ع قُبِضَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِمَجْلِسِهِ مِنِّي بِقَمِيصِي وَ لَكِنِّي أَشْفَقْتُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ النَّاسُ كُفَّاراً وَ قَوْلُهُ ع أَنَّى يَكُونَانِ خَيْراً مِنِّي وَ قَدْ عَبَدْتُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَبْلَهُمَا وَ عَبَدْتُهُ بَعْدَهُمَا
Al-Mamoun said, ‘This is impossible, from the direction that if the Prophet-saww had known that these two are superior, he-saww would have placed in charge above them, Amro Bin Al-Aas at time, and Usama Bin Zayd at time. And from what belies this report are the words of Ali-azwj: ‘The Prophet-saww passed away and no one was more foremost with his-saww seat than me-asws, with my-asws shirt, but I-asws fear that the people would return to be Kafirs’. And his-asws words: ‘How can they both be better than me-asws, and I-asws have worshipped Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic before they did, and I-asws am worshipping Him-azwj after them?’
قَالَ آخَرُ فَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ وَ قَالَ هَلْ مِنْ مُسْتَقِيلٍ فَأُقِيلَهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع قَدَّمَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَمَنْ ذَا يُؤَخِّرُكَ
Another one said, ‘Abu Bakr had locked his door and said, ‘Is there taker so I can uproot it for him?’ Ali-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww placed you ahead, so who can delay you?’’
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ هَذَا بَاطِلٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَعَدَ عَنْ بَيْعَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ رَوَيْتُمْ أَنَّهُ قَعَدَ عَنْهَا حَتَّى قُبِضَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع وَ أَنَّهَا أَوْصَتْ أَنْ تُدْفَنَ لَيْلًا لِئَلَّا يَشْهَدَا جَنَازَتَهَا
Al-Mamoun said, ‘This is false, from the direction that Ali-asws had sat back from pledging allegiance to Abu Bakr, and you are reporting that he-asws had sat back until (Syeda) Fatima-asws passed away, and she-asws had bequeathed that she-asws be buried at night, lest these two attend her-asws funeral.
وَ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ وَ هُوَ أَنَّهُ إِنْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ص اسْتَخْلَفَهُ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ لَهُ أَنْ يَسْتَقِيلَ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ لِلْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَدْ رَضِيتُ لَكُمْ أَحَدَ هَذَيْنِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ وَ عُمَرَ
And there is another aspect, and it is that if the Prophet-saww had nominated him (Abu Bakr) as caliph, then how could it be for him not to accept, and he was saying the Helpers, ‘I am pleased for you all one of these two men, Abu Ubeyda and Umar’?’
قَالَ آخَرُ إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ قَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ مَنْ أَحَبُّ النَّاسِ إِلَيْكَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ فَقَالَ عَائِشَةُ فَقَالَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَقَالَ أَبُوهَا
Another one said, ‘Amro Bin Al-Aas said, ‘O Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj! Who is the most beloved of the people to you-saww, from the women?’ He-saww said: ‘Ayesha’. He said, ‘From the men?’ He-saww said: ‘Her father’’.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ هَذَا بَاطِلٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّكُمْ رَوَيْتُمْ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص وُضِعَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ طَائِرٌ مَشْوِيٌّ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ ائْتِنِي بِأَحَبِّ خَلْقِكَ إِلَيْكَ فَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَأَيُّ رِوَايَتِكُمْ تُقْبَلُ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘This is false, from the direction that you are reporting that the Prophet-saww, a grilled bird was placed in front of him-saww. He-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Bring me-asws the person most Beloved to You-azwj!’ It was Ali-asws. So which of your reports do you accept?’
فَقَالَ آخَرُ فَإِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَالَ مَنْ فَضَّلَنِي عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ جَلَدْتُهُ حَدَّ الْمُفْتَرِي
Another one said, ‘Ali-asws said: ‘One who prefers me-asws over Abu Bakr and Umar, whip him the legal penalty of a fabricator’’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ كَيْفَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَقُولَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَجْلِدُ الْحَدَّ مَنْ لَا يَجِبُ الْحَدُّ عَلَيْهِ فَيَكُونُ مُتَعَدِّياً لِحُدُودِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَامِلًا بِخِلَافِ أَمْرِهِ وَ لَيْسَ تَفْضِيلُ مَنْ فَضَّلَهُ عَلَيْهِمَا فِرْيَةً
Al-Mamoun said, ‘How can it be allowed that Ali-saww said: ‘Whip him the legal penalty’, upon the one the legal penalty is not Obligated upon him (by Allah-azwj), so he-asws would be a transgressor of the legal penalties of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, working opposite to His-azwj Commands, and it isn’t fabrication, the one who prefers him-asws upon them both!
وَ قَدْ رَوَيْتُمْ عَنْ إِمَامِكُمْ أَنَّهُ قَالَ وُلِّيتُكُمْ وَ لَسْتُ بِخَيْرِكُمْ فَأَيُ الرَّجُلَيْنِ أَصْدَقُ عِنْدَكُمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَوْ عَلِيٌّ ع عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ مَعَ تَنَاقُضِ الْحَدِيثِ فِي نَفْسِهِ
And you have reported from your imam that he said, ‘I am ruling over you all and I am not the best of you’. So which of the two men is more truthful in your presence, Abu Bakr upon himself, or Ali-asws over Abu Bakr, with the contradiction of the Hadeeth regarding himself?
وَ لَا بُدَّ لَهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ صَادِقاً أَوْ كَاذِباً فَإِنْ كَانَ صَادِقاً فَأَنَّى عَرَفَ ذَلِكَ أَ بِوَحْيٍ فَالْوَحْيُ مُنْقَطِعٌ أَوْ بِالنَّظَرِ فَالنَّظَرُ مُتَحَيِّرٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ صَادِقٍ فَمِنَ الْمُحَالِ أَنْ يَلِيَ أَمْرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ يَقُومَ بِأَحْكَامِهِمْ وَ يُقِيمَ حُدُودَهُمْ وَ هُوَ كَذَّابٌ
And there is no escape regarding his words from either him being truthful or a liar. If he was truthful, then from where did he know that? Was it by the terminated Revelation or by the consideration? The consideration can be confusing. And if he was other than truthful, then it is from the impossible that he should be in charge of the affairs of the Muslims and be standing with their ruling and establishing their legal penalties while he is a liar!’
قَالَ آخَرُ فَقَدْ جَاءَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ سَيِّدَا كُهُولِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ
Another one said, ‘It has come that the Prophet-saww said: ‘Abu Bakr and Umar are two chiefs of the elderly of the people of Paradise’’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مُحَالٌ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ كَهْلٌ وَ يُرْوَى أَنَّ أَشْجَعِيَّةَ كَانَتْ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ عَجُوزٌ فَبَكَتْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ إِنَّا أَنْشَأْناهُنَّ إِنْشاءً فَجَعَلْناهُنَّ أَبْكاراً عُرُباً أَتْراباً
Al-Mamoun said, ‘This Hadeeth is impossible, because there cannot be elderly people in the Paradise. And it is reported that Ashjaiya, she was in the presence of the Prophet-saww. He-saww said; ‘Old women cannot enter the Paradise’. She cried. The Prophet-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: Surely We shall Grow them (with a) growth [56:35] So We will Make them as virgins [56:36] Loving, equals in age [56:37].
فَإِنْ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ يُنْشَأُ شَابّاً إِذَا دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَدْ رَوَيْتُمْ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ لِلْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ إِنَّهُمَا سَيِّدَا شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ الْآخِرِينَ وَ أَبُوهُمَا خَيْرٌ مِنْهُمَا
If you are claiming that Abu Bakr would grow to be a youth when he enters the Paradise, so you have been reporting that the Prophet-saww had said for Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws and they-asws are two chiefs of the youths of the people of Paradise, from the former ones and the latter ones, and their-asws father-asws is better than them-asws’’.
قَالَ آخَرُ قَدْ جَاءَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ لَوْ لَمْ أُبْعَثْ فِيكُمْ لَبُعِثَ عُمَرُ
Another one said, ‘It has come that the Prophet-saww said: ‘If I-saww had not been Sent among you all, Umar would have been Sent (as a Prophet-as)’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ هَذَا مُحَالٌ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ إِنَّا أَوْحَيْنا إِلَيْكَ كَما أَوْحَيْنا إِلى نُوحٍ وَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ إِذْ أَخَذْنا مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِيثاقَهُمْ وَ مِنْكَ وَ مِنْ نُوحٍ وَ إِبْراهِيمَ وَ مُوسى وَ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘This is impossible because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: Surely, We have Revealed unto you as We had Revealed unto Noah, and the Prophets after him, [4:163]. And the Mighty and Majestic Said: And when We Took from the Prophets, their Covenants, and from you, and from Noah and Ibrahim and Musa and Isa son of Maryam, and We Took from them a Solemn Covenant [33:7].
فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَنْ لَمْ يُؤْخَذْ مِيثَاقُهُ عَلَى النُّبُوَّةِ مَبْعُوثاً وَ مَنْ أُخِذَ مِيثَاقُهُ عَلَى النُّبُوَّةِ مُؤَخَّراً
So, is it allowed that one whose Covenant has not been Taken would be Sent, and one whose Covenanted had been Taken upon the Prophet-hood would be delayed?’
قَالَ آخَرُ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص نَظَرَ إِلَى عُمَرَ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ فَتَبَسَّمَ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى بَاهَى بِعِبَادِهِ عَامَّةً وَ بِعُمَرَ خَاصَّةً
Another one said, ‘The Prophet-saww looked at Umar on the Day of Arafaat. He-saww smiled and said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Boasts with His-azwj servants, and with Umar especially’’.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَهَذَا مُسْتَحِيلٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيُبَاهِيَ بِعُمَرَ وَ يَدَعَ نَبِيَّهُ ص فَيَكُونَ عُمَرُ فِي الْخَاصَّةِ وَ النَّبِيُّ فِي الْعَامَّةِ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘This is impossible, from the direction that Allah-azwj the Exalted cannot be Boasting with Umar and leave out His-azwj Prophet-saww, so Umar would be among the special ones, and the Prophet-saww would be among the general ones.
وَ لَيْسَتْ هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةُ بِأَعْجَبَ مِنْ رِوَايَتِكُمْ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ دَخَلْتُ الْجَنَّةَ فَسَمِعْتُ خَفَقَ نَعْلَيْنِ فَإِذَا بِلَالٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَدْ سَبَقَنِي إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَ إِنَّمَا قَالَتِ الشِّيعَةُ عَلِيٌّ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقُلْتُمْ عَبْدُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لِأَنَّ السَّابِقَ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الْمَسْبُوقِ
And this report isn’t any stranger that your reporting that the Prophet-saww said: ‘I-saww entered the Paradise and heard the flapping of the two slippers, and there was Bilal a slave of Abu Bakr, and he had preceded me-saww to the Paradise’. And rather the Shias said, ‘Ali-asws is better than Abu Bakr’. So you said, ‘The slave of Abu Bakr is better than Rasool-Allah-saww’, because the preceding one is superior to the preceded one.
وَ كَمَا رَوَيْتُمْ أَنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَفِرُّ مِنْ حِسِّ عُمَرَ وَ أَلْقَى عَلَى لِسَانِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُنَّ الْغَرَانِيقُ الْعُلَى فَفَرَّ مِنْ عُمَرَ وَ أَلْقَى عَلَى لِسَانِ النَّبِيِّ ص بِزَعْمِكُمُ الْكُفْرَ
And just as you are reported that the Satan-la tend to flee from the beauty of Umar, and it was cast upon the tongue of the Prophet-saww: ‘These are the lofty beauties’. So he-la fled from Umar and he-la cast the Kufr upon the tongue of the Prophet-saww, by your claim’.
قَالَ آخَرُ قَدْ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لَوْ نَزَلَ الْعَذَابُ مَا نَجَا إِلَّا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ
Another one said, ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘If the Punishment were to befall, no one would be saved except Umar Bin Al-Khattab’’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ هَذَا خِلَافُ الْكِتَابِ نَصّاً لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ أَنْتَ فِيهِمْ فَجَعَلْتُمْ عُمَرَ مِثْلَ الرَّسُولِ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘This opposes the text of the Book, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: And Allah was not going to Punish them while you were among them, [8:33]. So you are making Umar to be like the Rasool-saww’.
قَالَ آخَرُ فَقَدْ شَهِدَ النَّبِيُّ ص لِعُمَرَ بِالْجَنَّةِ فِي عَشَرَةٍ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ
Another one said, ‘The Prophet-saww had testified with the Paradise being for Umar among ten from the companions’.
فَقَالَ لَوْ كَانَ هَذَا كَمَا زَعَمْتَ كَانَ عُمَرُ لَا يَقُولُ لِحُذَيْفَةَ نَشَدْتُكَ بِاللَّهِ أَ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ أَنَا فَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ قَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص أَنْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ لَمْ يُصَدِّقْهُ حَتَّى زَكَّاهُ حُذَيْفَةُ وَ صَدَّقَ حُذَيْفَةَ وَ لَمْ يُصَدِّقِ النَّبِيَّ ص فَهَذَا عَلَى غَيْرِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ صَدَّقَ النَّبِيَّ ص فَلِمَ سَأَلَ حُذَيْفَةَ وَ هَذَانِ الْخَبَرَانِ مُتَنَاقِضَانِ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمَا
He said, ‘If this had been as per your claim, Umar would not have said to Huzeyfa, ‘I adjure you with Allah-azwj! Am I from the hypocrites?’ If the Prophet-saww had said to him: ‘You are from the people of Paradise’, and he did not ratify it until Huzeyfa had purified him, and Huzeyfa would be ratified and the Prophet-saww would not be ratified? This is upon other than Al-Islam. And if he had ratified the Prophet-saww, he would not have asked Huzeyfa. And these two reports and contradictory in themselves’.
فَقَالَ آخَرُ فَقَدْ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص وُضِعَتْ أُمَّتِي فِي كِفَّةِ الْمِيزَانِ وَ وُضِعْتُ فِي أُخْرَى فَرَجَحْتُ بِهِمْ ثُمَّ وُضِعَ مَكَانِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَرَجَحَ بِهِمْ ثُمَّ عُمَرُ فَرَجَحَ ثُمَّ رُفِعَ الْمِيزَانُ
Another one said, ‘The Prophet-saww has said: ‘My-saww community was placed in one hand of the scale and I-saww was placed in the other. I-saww outweighed them. Then Abu Bakr was place in my place, and he outweighed them. Then Umar, and he outweighed. Then the scale was lifted’.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ هَذَا مُحَالٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّهُ لَا يَخْلُو مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْ أَجْسَامِهِمَا أَوْ أَعْمَالِهِمَا فَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْأَجْسَامُ فَلَا يَخْفَى عَلَى ذِي رُوحٍ أَنَّهُ مُحَالٌ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَرْجَحُ أَجْسَامُهُمَا بِأَجْسَامِ الْأُمَّةِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ أَفْعَالُهُمَا فَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَعْدُ فَكَيْفَ يَرْجَحُ بِمَا لَيْسَ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘This is impossible, from the direction that it is not empty from either it being their bodies or their deeds. If it was their bodies, so it is not hidden unto the ones with souls that this is impossible, because their two bodies cannot outweigh the bodies of the community. And it if was their deeds, then these had not happened yet, so how could these have outweighed with what wasn’t (did not exist).
وَ خَبِّرُونِي بِمَا يَتَفَاضَلُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ بِالْأَعْمَالِ الصَّالِحَةِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرُونِي فَمَنْ فَضَلَ صَاحِبَهُ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ص ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمَفْضُولَ عَمِلَ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ النَّبِيِّ ص بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ عَمَلِ الْفَاضِلِ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَ يَلْحَقُ بِهِ
And inform me, ‘With what are the people merited over each other?’ One of them said, ‘With the righteous deeds!’ He said, ‘Inform me, so who was superior to his companion in the era of the Prophet-saww? Then, after the expiry of the Prophet-saww, the inferior worked with more than the deeds of the superior in the era of the Prophet-saww. Did he catch up with him?
فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ نَعَمْ أَوْجَدْتُكُمْ فِي عَصْرِنَا هَذَا مَنْ هُوَ أَكْثَرُ جِهَاداً وَ حَجّاً وَ صَوْماً وَ صَلَاةً وَ صَدَقَةً مِنْ أَحَدِهِمْ قَالُوا صَدَقْتَ لَا يَلْحَقُ فَاضِلُ دَهْرِنَا فَاضِلَ عَصْرِ النَّبِيِّ ص
If you were to say, yes, then can you find in this era of ours, someone who is of more Jihad, and Hajj, and Fasts, and Salat, and charity than one of them?’ They said, ‘You speak the truth. The superior one of our eras cannot catch up with the superior one in the era of the Prophet-saww’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَانْظُرُوا فِيمَا رَوَتْ أَئِمَّتُكُمُ الَّذِينَ أَخَذْتُمْ عَنْهُمْ أَدْيَانَكُمْ فِي فَضَائِلِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ قَايَسُوا إِلَيْهَا مَا رَوَوْا فِي فَضَائِلِ تَمَامِ الْعَشَرَةِ الَّذِينَ شَهِدُوا لَهُمْ بِالْجَنَّةِ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ جُزْءاً مِنْ أَجْزَاءٍ كَثِيرَةٍ فَالْقَوْلُ قَوْلُكُمْ وَ إِنْ كَانُوا قَدْ رَوَوْا فِي فَضَائِلِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَكْثَرَ فَخُذُوا عَنْ أَئِمَّتِكُمْ مَا رَوَوْا وَ لَا تَعْدُوهُ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘Look into what your imams are reporting, those you are taking your religions from, regarding the merits of Ali-asws, and compare these to what is being reported regarding the merits of all the ten for whom there was testimony with the Paradise. So even if these were a part from many parts, then the (final) word are your words, and if they have reported more regarding the merits of Ali-asws, then take from your imams what they are reporting and do not leave it’.
قَالَ فَأَطْرَقَ الْقَوْمُ جَمِيعاً فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ مَا لَكُمْ سَكَتُّمْ قَالُوا قَدِ اسْتَقْصَيْنَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘The people lowered their heads, all of them. Al-Mamoun said, ‘What is the matter you are being silent?’ They said, ‘We shall investigate’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَإِنِّي أَسْأَلُكُمْ خَبِّرُونِي أَيُّ الْأَعْمَالِ كَانَ أَفْضَلَ يَوْمَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ ص قَالُوا السَّبْقُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ السَّابِقُونَ السَّابِقُونَ أُولئِكَ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘So I shall be asking you. Inform me, which of the deeds was superior on the day Allah-azwj Sent His-azwj Prophet-saww?’ They said, ‘The preceding to Al-Islam, because Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted is Saying: And the foremost are the foremost [56:10] These are the ones of proximity [56:11]’.
قَالَ فَهَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ أَحَداً أَسْبَقَ مِنْ عَلِيٍّ ع إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ قَالُوا إِنَّهُ سَبَقَ حَدَثاً لَمْ يَجْرِ عَلَيْهِ حُكْمٌ وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَسْلَمَ كَهْلًا قَدْ جَرَى عَلَيْهِ الْحُكْمُ وَ بَيْنَ هَاتَيْنِ الْحَالَتَيْنِ فَرْقٌ
He said, ‘Do you know of anyone more preceding than Ali-asws to Al-Islam?’ They said, ‘He-asws had preceded when small, the ruling cannot flow upon him-asws, and Abu Bakr became Muslim as an old man, the ruling flows upon him, and between these two situations, there is a difference’.
قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ فَخَبِّرُونِي عَنْ إِسْلَامِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَ بِإِلْهَامٍ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَمْ بِدُعَاءِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ بِإِلْهَامٍ فَقَدْ فَضَّلْتُمُوهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص لِأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ لَمْ يُلْهَمْ بَلْ أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع عَنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ دَاعِياً وَ مُعَرِّفاً
Al-Mamoun said, ‘Inform me about Islam of Ali-asws. Was it by inspiration from the Direction of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, or by a calling of the Prophet-saww? If you were to say it is due to inspiration, then you would be meriting him-asws upon the Prophet-saww, because the Prophet-saww was not inspired. But Jibraeel-as had come to him-saww from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic as a caller and an introducer.
وَ إِنْ قُلْتُمْ بِدُعَاءِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَهَلْ دَعَاهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ نَفْسِهِ أَمْ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ مِنْ قِبَلِ نَفْسِهِ فَهَذَا خِلَافُ مَا وَصَفَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ نَبِيَّهُ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ ما أَنَا مِنَ الْمُتَكَلِّفِينَ وَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ ما يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوى
And if you were to say it was by the call of the Prophet-saww, so did he-saww call him-asws from his-saww own self or by a Command of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic? If you were to say it was from his-saww own self, then this would oppose what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Described His-azwj Prophet-saww in His-azwj Words, the Exalted: and I am not from the pretenders [38:86]. And in His-azwj Words, Mighty and Majestic: And he does not speak out of (personal) desire [53:3].
وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَدْ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ تَعَالَى نَبِيَّهُ ص بِدُعَاءِ عَلِيٍّ مِنْ بَيْنِ صِبْيَانِ النَّاسِ وَ إِيثَارِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ فَدَعَاهُ ثِقَةً بِهِ وَ عِلْماً بِتَأْيِيدِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى إِيَّاهُ
And if it was from the Direction of Allah-azwj, so Allah-azwj the Glorious and Exalted Commanding His-azwj Prophet-saww with calling Ali-asws from between children of the people, and preferring him-asws over them, so his-saww call having confidence in him-asws and knowledge with Emphasis of Allah-azwj the Exalted of him-asws.
وَ خَلَّةٌ أُخْرَى خَبِّرُونِي عَنِ الْحَكِيمِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُكَلِّفَ خَلْقَهُ مَا لَا يُطِيقُونَ فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ نَعَمْ كَفَرْتُمْ وَ إِنْ قُلْتُمْ لَا فَكَيْفَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَأْمُرَ نَبِيَّهُ ص بِدُعَاءِ مَنْ لَمْ يُمْكِنْهُ قَبُولُ مَا يُؤْمَرُ بِهِ لِصِغَرِهِ وَ حَدَاثَةِ سِنِّهِ وَ ضِعْفِهِ عَنِ الْقَبُولِ
And another trait, inform me about the Wise One-azwj. Is it allowed that He-azwj would Encumber His-azwj creatures what they cannot endure? If you were to say, yes, you would be committing Kufr, and if you were to say, no, then how can it be allowed that He-azwj would Command His-azwj Prophet-saww with calling someone who is not able to accept what he-asws has been ordered with due to his-asws smallness and his-asws young age, and his-asws weakness of the accepting?
وَ خَلَّةٌ أُخْرَى هَلْ رَأَيْتُمُ النَّبِيَّ ص دَعَا أَحَداً مِنْ صِبْيَانِ أَهْلِهِ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ فَيَكُونَ أُسْوَةَ عَلِيٍّ ع فَإِنْ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَدْعُ غَيْرَهُ فَهَذِهِ فَضِيلَةٌ لِعَلِيٍّ ع عَلَى جَمِيعِ صِبْيَانِ النَّاسِ
And another trait, have you seen the Prophet-saww call anyone from the children of his-saww family and others, so he would become an example for Ali-asws? If you claim that he-saww did not call anyone else, so this would be a merit for Ali-asws over entirety of the children of the people’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيُّ الْأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ بَعْدَ السَّبْقِ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ قَالُوا الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
Then he said, ‘Which of the deeds is superior after the preceding to the Eman?’ They said, ‘The Jihad in the Way of Allah-azwj’.
قَالَ فَهَلْ تُحَدِّثُونَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْعَشَرَةِ فِي الْجِهَادِ مَا لِعَلِيٍّ ع فِي جَمِيعِ مَوَاقِفِ النَّبِيِّ ص مِنَ الْأَثَرِ هَذِهِ بَدْرٌ قُتِلَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فِيهَا نَيِّفٌ وَ سِتُّونَ رَجُلًا قَتَلَ عَلِيٌّ ع مِنْهُمْ نَيِّفاً وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ أَرْبَعُونَ لِسَائِرِ النَّاسِ
He said, ‘So, are you narrating for anyone of the ten, regarding the Jihad, what is for Ali-asws in entirety of the places of the Prophet-saww? From the impacts of this is (battle of) Badr. There were killed from the Polytheists, more than seventy men. Ali-asws had killed from them most, and it was twenty-four for rest of the people’.
فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص فِي عَرِيشِهِ يُدَبِّرُهَا
A speaker said, ‘Abu Bakr was with the Prophet-saww in his-saww carriage, managing it’.
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ لَقَدْ جِئْتَ بِهَا عَجِيبَةً أَ كَانَ يُدَبِّرُ دُونَ النَّبِيِّ ص أَوْ مَعَهُ فَيَشْرَكُهُ أَوْ لِحَاجَةِ النَّبِيِّ ص إِلَى رَأْيِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَيُّ الثَّلَاثِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ
Al-Mamoun said, ‘You have come up with strangeness. Was he managing it rather than the Prophet-saww or with him-saww, so he was his-saww partner, or was it due to a need of the Prophet-saww to show off Abu Bakr? Which of the three is beloved to you?’
فَقَالَ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ أَنْ أَزْعُمَ أَنَّهُ يُدَبِّرُ دُونَ النَّبِيِّ ص أَوْ يَشْرَكُهُ أَوْ بِافْتِقَارٍ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ص إِلَيْهِ
He said, ‘I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from claiming that he managed it rather than the Prophet-saww, or was his-saww partner, or due to a short-coming from the Prophet-saww to it’.
قَالَ فَمَا الْفَضِيلَةُ فِي الْعَرِيشِ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ فَضِيلَةُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ بِتَخَلُّفِهِ عَنِ الْحَرْبِ فَيَجِبُ أَنْ يَكُونَ كُلُّ مُتَخَلِّفٍ فَاضِلًا أَفْضَلَ مِنَ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ
He said, ‘So what is the merit in the carriage? If the superiority of Abu Bakr was due to him staying behind from the battle, then it obliges that everyone staying behind from it would be superior, more superior than the fighters.
وَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ لا يَسْتَوِي الْقاعِدُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ غَيْرُ أُولِي الضَّرَرِ وَ الْمُجاهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِأَمْوالِهِمْ وَ أَنْفُسِهِمْ فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ الْمُجاهِدِينَ بِأَمْوالِهِمْ وَ أَنْفُسِهِمْ عَلَى الْقاعِدِينَ دَرَجَةً وَ كُلًّا وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الْحُسْنى وَ فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ الْمُجاهِدِينَ عَلَى الْقاعِدِينَ أَجْراً عَظِيماً
And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: They are not equal, the ones from the Momineen sitting back, apart from the ones with injuries, and the fighters in the Way of Allah with their wealth and their selves. Allah Merited the fighters with their wealth and their selves over the ones sitting back, by a level; and to each Allah has Promised good; and Allah Merited the fighters over the ones sitting back by a mighty Recompense [4:95]’.
قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِيَ اقْرَأْ هَلْ أَتى عَلَى الْإِنْسانِ حِينٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ فَقَرَأْتُ حَتَّى بَلَغْتُ وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ عَلى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِيناً وَ يَتِيماً وَ أَسِيراً إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ كانَ سَعْيُكُمْ مَشْكُوراً
Is’haq Bin Hammad said, ‘Then he said to me, ‘Read (the Chapter): Didn’t there come upon the human being, a phase, [76:1]’. I recited, until I reached And, they fed the food to a poor, and an orphan and a captive [76:8] – up to His-azwj Words: and your striving would always be appreciated [76:22].
فَقَالَ فِيمَنْ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَاتُ قُلْتُ فِي عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ فَهَلْ بَلَغَكَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَالَ حِينَ أَطْعَمَ الْمِسْكِينَ وَ الْيَتِيمَ وَ الْأَسِيرَ إِنَّما نُطْعِمُكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ لا نُرِيدُ مِنْكُمْ جَزاءً وَ لا شُكُوراً عَلَى مَا وَصَفَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ فَقُلْتُ لَا
He said, ‘Regarding whom were these Verses Revealed?’ I said, ‘Regarding Ali-asws’. He said, ‘Has it reached you that Ali-asws had said when he-asws fed the poor, and the orphan and the captive: (They said): ‘But rather, we are feeding you for the Face of Allah, neither wanting any recompense from you nor any appreciation’ [76:9], based upon what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Described in His-azwj book?’ I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَرَفَ سَرِيرَةَ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ نِيَّتَهُ فَأَظْهَرَ ذَلِكَ فِي كِتَابِهِ تَعْرِيفاً لِخَلْقِهِ أَمْرَهُ فَهَلْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَصَفَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا وَصَفَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ مَا فِي هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ قَوارِيرَا مِنْ فِضَّةٍ قُلْتُ لَا
He said, ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Introduced His-azwj Secrets and His-azwj Intention to Ali-asws, so that was Revealed in His-azwj Book as an introduction to His-azwj creatures of his-asws matter. Do you know that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Described regarding something from what He-azwj Described regarding the Paradise, what is in this Chapter vessels of silvers [76:15]?’ I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ فَهَذِهِ فَضِيلَةٌ أُخْرَى فَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ الْقَوَارِيرُ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ قُلْتُ لَا أَدْرِي قَالَ يُرِيدُ كَأَنَّهَا مِنْ صَفَائِهَا مِنْ فِضَّةٍ يُرَى دَاخِلُهَا كَمَا يُرَى خَارِجُهَا وَ هَذَا مِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ ع يَا أَنْجَشَةُ رُوَيْداً سَوْقَكَ بِالْقَوَارِيرِ- وَ عَنَى بِهِ النِّسَاءَ كَأَنَّهُنَّ الْقَوَارِيرُ رِقَّةً
He said, ‘This is another merit. How can the glass be from silver?’ I said, ‘I don’t know’. He said, ‘It means as if these are of silver due to their clearness. Its inside would be seen from its outside. And this is like his-asws words: ‘O Anjasha! Gently should be your ushering with the glasses!’ And he-asws meant the women by it, as if they were delicate glass.
وَ قَوْلُهُ ع رَكِبْتُ فَرَسَ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ فَوَجَدْتُهُ بَحْراً أَيْ كَأَنَّهُ بَحْرٌ مِنْ كَثْرَةِ جَرْيِهِ وَ عَدْوِهِ
And his-asws words: ‘I-asws rode a horse of Abu Talha and found it as an ocean’ – i.e. like an ocean due its frequent running and its by the side of the valley.
وَ كَقَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ يَأْتِيهِ الْمَوْتُ مِنْ كُلِّ مَكانٍ وَ ما هُوَ بِمَيِّتٍ وَ مِنْ وَرائِهِ عَذابٌ غَلِيظٌ أَيْ كَأَنَّهُ مَا يَأْتِيهِ الْمَوْتُ وَ لَوْ أَتَاهُ مِنْ مَكَانٍ وَاحِدٍ لَمَاتَ
And like the Word of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: and the death would come to him from every place, but he would not be dying, and ahead of him would be harsh Punishment [14:17] – i.e. as if the death would not come to him, and if it could come from one place, he would die’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا إِسْحَاقُ أَ لَسْتَ مِمَّنْ يَشْهَدُ أَنَّ الْعَشَرَةَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ أَ رَأَيْتَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ مَا أَدْرِي أَ صَحِيحٌ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ أَمْ لَا أَ كَانَ عِنْدَكَ كَافِراً قُلْتُ لَا
Then he said, ‘Aren’t you from the ones who testify that the ten (companions) would be in the Paradise?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘What is your view if a man were to say, ‘I don’t know whether this Hadeeth is correct or not’, would he be a Kafir in your presence?’ I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ أَ فَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ قَالَ مَا أَدْرِي أَ هَذِهِ السُّورَةُ قُرْآنٌ أَمْ لَا أَ كَانَ عِنْدَكَ كَافِراً قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ أَرَى فَضْلَ الرَّجُلِ يَتَأَكَّدُ خَبِّرْنِي يَا إِسْحَاقُ أَنَّ حَدِيثَ الطَّائِرِ الْمَشْوِيِّ أَ صَحِيحٌ عِنْدَكَ قَالَ بَلَى
He (I) said, ‘What is your view if he had said, ‘I don’t know whether this is a Chapter of the Quran or not’, would he be a Kafir in your presence?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘I can see the merit of the man to be sure. Inform me, O Is’haq! The Hadeeth of the grilled bird, it is correct with you?’ He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ بَانَ وَ اللَّهِ عِنَادُكَ لَا يَخْلُو هَذَا مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَمَا دَعَا النَّبِيُّ ص أَوْ يَكُونَ مَرْدُوداً أَوْ عَرَفَ اللَّهُ الْفَاضِلَ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ وَ كَانَ الْمَفْضُولُ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ أَوْ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَعْرِفِ الْفَاضِلَ مِنَ الْمَفْضُولِ فَأَيُّ الثَّلَاثِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ أَنْ تَقُولَ بِهِ
He said, ‘By Allah-azwj! Your obstinacy is clear! This is not empty from being just like the call of the Prophet-saww, or being rebutted, or Allah-azwj Recognised the superior from His-azwj creatures and the inferior was more Beloved to Him-azwj, or you claim that Allah-azwj does not Know the superior from the inferior. So, which of the three is more beloved to you to be saying with it?
قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ فَأَطْرَقْتُ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ قُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ فِي أَبِي بَكْرٍ ثانِيَ اثْنَيْنِ إِذْ هُما فِي الْغارِ إِذْ يَقُولُ لِصاحِبِهِ لا تَحْزَنْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَنا فَنَبَّهَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى صُحْبَةِ نَبِيِّهِ ص
Is’haq said, ‘I lowered my head for a while, then I said, ‘O commander of the faithful! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying regarding Abu Bakr: him being the second of the two when they were both in the cave, when he said to his companion: ‘Do not grieve, surely Allah is with us!’ [9:40]. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Alerted to companionship of His-azwj Prophet-saww’.
فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَا أَقَلَّ عِلْمَكُمْ بِاللُّغَةِ وَ الْكِتَابِ أَ مَا يَكُونُ الْكَافِرُ صَاحِباً لِلْمُؤْمِنِ فَأَيُّ فَضِيلَةٍ فِي هَذِهِ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ قالَ لَهُ صاحِبُهُ وَ هُوَ يُحاوِرُهُ أَ كَفَرْتَ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَكَ مِنْ تُرابٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ ثُمَّ سَوَّاكَ رَجُلًا فَقَدْ جَعَلَهُ لَهُ صَاحِباً
He said, ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! How little is your knowledge with the language and the Book! Can’t a Kafir be a companion of the Momin? So which merit is this? Have you not heard Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Saying: His companion said to him while agitating him, ‘Are you committing Kufr with the One Who Created you from dust, then from a seed, then Completed you as a man? [18:37]. He-azwj Made him to be a companion of his.
وَ قَالَ الْهُذَلِيُ
| وَ لَقَدْ غَدَوْتُ وَ صَاحِبِي وَحْشِيَّةٌ- | تَحْتَ الرِّدَاءِ بَصِيرَةٌ بِالْمَشْرِقِ |
And Al-Huzly said, ‘I went out and my companion was a savage under the cloak, insightful with the east’.
وَ قَالَ الْأَزْدِيُ
| وَ لَقَدْ دَعَوْتُ الْوَحْشَ فِيهِ وَ صَاحِبِي- | مَحْضُ الْقَوَائِمِ مِنْ هِجَانٍ هَيْكَلٍ |
And Al-Azdy said, ‘And I have called the savage in it, and my companion is pure of the standing than the satirists of Heykal’.
فَصَيَّرَ فَرَسَهُ صَاحِبَهُ
So his horse became his companion.
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَنا فَإِنَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى مَعَ الْبَرِّ وَ الْفَاجِرِ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ ما يَكُونُ مِنْ نَجْوى ثَلاثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رابِعُهُمْ وَ لا خَمْسَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ سادِسُهُمْ وَ لا أَدْنى مِنْ ذلِكَ وَ لا أَكْثَرَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَعَهُمْ أَيْنَ ما كانُوا-
And as for His-azwj Words: surely Allah is with us!’ [9:40]. Surely the Blessed and Exalted is with the righteous and (as well as) the immoral. Have you not heard the Words of Mighty and Majestic: There does not happen to be a secret counsel of three, except He is their fourth one, nor of five except He is their sixth one, nor less than that nor more except He is with them, wherever they may happen to be [58:7]?’
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ لا تَحْزَنْ فَخَبِّرْنِي عَنْ حُزْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَ كَانَ طَاعَةً أَوْ مَعْصِيَةً فَإِنْ زَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ طَاعَةً فَقَدْ جَعَلْتَ النَّبِيَّ ص يَنْهَى عَنِ الطَّاعَةِ وَ هَذَا خِلَافُ صِفَةِ الْحَكِيمِ وَ إِنْ زَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ مَعْصِيَةٌ فَأَيُّ فَضِيلَةٍ لِلْعَاصِي
And as for His-azwj Words: Do not grieve [9:40]. Inform me about the grief of Abu Bakr, was it an act of obedience or disobedience? If you claim that it was obedience, so you would have made the Prophet-saww forbidding from the obedience, and this is opposite to the description of the wise one. And if you were to claim that is was disobedience, then which merit is there for the disobedient?
وَ خَبِّرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلَيْهِ عَلَى مَنْ
And inform me about Words of the Mighty and Majestic: Then Allah Send down His Tranquillity upon him [9:40]. Who was it upon?’
قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ فَقُلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ لِأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص كَانَ مُسْتَغْنِياً عَنِ السَّكِينَةِ
Is’haq said, ‘I said, ‘Upon Abu Bakr because the Prophet-saww was needless from the tranquillity’.
قَالَ فَخَبِّرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ إِذْ أَعْجَبَتْكُمْ كَثْرَتُكُمْ فَلَمْ تُغْنِ عَنْكُمْ شَيْئاً وَ ضاقَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الْأَرْضُ بِما رَحُبَتْ ثُمَّ وَلَّيْتُمْ مُدْبِرِينَ ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلى رَسُولِهِ وَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَ تَدْرِي مَنِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ
He said, ‘Inform me about Words of the Mighty and Majestic: and the day of (battle of) Hunayn when your great numbers fascinated you but they did not avail you of anything, and the earth was straitened upon you despite its vastness, then you turned back retreating [9:25] Then Allah Sent down His Tranquillity upon His Rasool and upon the Momineen, [9:26]. Do you know who the Momineen are, those whom Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Intended in this place?’
قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ إِنَّ النَّاسَ انْهَزَمُوا يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص إِلَّا سَبْعَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ عَلِيٌّ ع يَضْرِبُ بِسَيْفِهِ وَ الْعَبَّاسُ أَخَذَ بِلِجَامِ بَغْلَةِ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ الْخَمْسَةُ مُحْدِقُونَ بِالنَّبِيِّ ص خَوْفاً مِنْ أَنْ يَنَالَهُ سِلَاحُ الْكُفَّارِ حَتَّى أَعْطَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى رَسُولَهُ ع الظَّفَرَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘No’. He said, ‘The people had been defeated on the day of (battle of) Hunayn. There did not remain anyone with the Prophet-saww except for seven from the clan of Hashim-as. Ali-asws was striking with his-asws sword, and Al-Abbas was holding a rein of the mule of the Prophet-saww, and the five were staring at the Prophet-saww from him-saww being afflicted by a weapon of the Kafirs, until Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Granted the victory to His-azwj Rasool-saww.
عَنَى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ عَلِيّاً ع وَ مَنْ حَضَرَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَمَنْ كَانَ أَفْضَلَ أَ مَنْ كَانَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ نَزَلَتِ السَّكِينَةُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْ مَنْ كَانَ فِي الْغَارِ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَهْلًا لِنُزُولِهَا عَلَيْهِ
He-azwj Meant by the ‘Momineen’ in this place, Ali-asws and the ones who were present with the Prophet-saww, from the clan of Hashim-as. So, who was superior/ And who was with the Prophet-azwj and the tranquillity descended unto the Prophet-saww and upon him-asws, of the one who was in the cave with the Prophet-saww? And he was not rightful to it to descend upon him.
يَا إِسْحَاقُ مَنْ أَفْضَلُ مَنْ كَانَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص فِي الْغَارِ أَمْ مَنْ نَامَ عَلَى مِهَادِهِ وَ وَقَاهُ بِنَفْسِهِ حَتَّى تَمَّ لِلنَّبِيِّ ص مَا عَزَمَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ- إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَمَرَ نَبِيَّهُ ص أَنْ يَأْمُرَ عَلِيّاً ع بِالنَّوْمِ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ وَ وِقَايَتِهِ بِنَفْسِهِ
O Is’haq! Who is superior? The one was with the Prophet-saww in the cave or the one who slept upon his-saww bed and saved him-saww by himself-asws until it was completed for the Prophet-saww what he-saww had determined upon, from the emigration? Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Commanded His-azwj Prophet-saww to instruct Ali-asws with the sleeping upon his-saww bed and save him-asws by himself-asws.
فَأَمَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَ تَسْلَمُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ سَمْعاً وَ طَاعَةً ثُمَّ أَتَى مَضْجَعَهُ وَ تَسَجَّى بِثَوْبِهِ وَ أَحْدَقَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بِهِ لَا يَشُكُّونَ فِي أَنَّهُ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ قَدْ أَجْمَعُوا أَنْ يَضْرِبَهُ مِنْ كُلِّ بَطْنٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ رَجُلٌ ضَرْبَةً لِئَلَّا يُطَالِبَ الْهَاشِمِيُّونَ بِدَمِهِ وَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَسْمَعُ مَا الْقَوْمُ فِيهِ مِنَ التَّدْبِيرِ فِي تَلَفِ نَفْسِهِ
He-saww instructed him-asws with that. Ali-asws said: ‘Will you-saww be safe, O Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj?’ He-saww said: ‘Yes’. He-asws said: ‘Listening and obeying!’ Then he-asws went to his-saww bed and covered with his-saww cloth, and the Polytheists were staring at him-asws, not doubting that he-asws is the Prophet-saww. And they had gathered to strike him-saww, one man from every tribe of Qureysh, striking at night, lest the Hashemites would seek his-saww blood, and Ali-asws was hearing what the group were discussing in from the planning in damaging him-asws.
فَلَمْ يَدْعُهُ ذَلِكَ إِلَى الْجَزَعِ كَمَا جَزِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِي الْغَارِ وَ هُوَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَحْدَهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ صَابِراً مُحْتَسِباً فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مَلَائِكَةً تَمْنَعُهُ مِنْ مُشْرِكِي قُرَيْشٍ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ قَامَ فَنَظَرَ الْقَوْمُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا أَيْنَ مُحَمَّدٌ قَالَ وَ مَا عِلْمِي بِهِ قَالُوا فَأَنْتَ غَرَرْتَنَا
But that did not call him to panic just as Abu Bakr panicked in the cave, and (although) he was with the Prophet-saww and Ali-asws was alone. He-asws did not cease to be patient, anticipating. So, Allah-azwj the Exalted Send Angels to defend him-asws from the Polytheists of Qureysh. When it was morning, he-asws stood up, and the group looked at him-asws. They said, ‘Where is Muhammad-saww?’ He-asws said: ‘And what is my-asws knowledge with him-saww?’ They said, ‘You-asws have deceived us!’
ثُمَّ لَحِقَ بِالنَّبِيِّ ص فَلَمْ يَزَلْ عَلِيٌّ أَفْضَلَ لِمَا بَدَا مِنْهُ إلا مَا يَزِيدُ [إِلَّا] خَيْراً حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ مَحْمُودٌ مَغْفُورٌ لَهُ
Then he-asws joined with the Prophet-saww. So, Ali-asws did not cease to be superior due to whatever was manifested from him-asws except he-asws increased in goodness until Allah-azwj the Exalted Recalled him-asws to Him-azwj, and he-asws is Praised, Forgiven for.
يَا إِسْحَاقُ أَ مَا تَرْوِي حَدِيثَ الْوَلَايَةِ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ ارْوِهِ فَرَوَيْتُهُ فَقَالَ أَ مَا تَرَى أَنَّهُ أَوْجَبَ لِعَلِيٍّ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ مِنَ الْحَقِّ مَا لَمْ يُوجِبْ لَهُمَا عَلَيْهِ
O Is’haq! Are you not reporting the Hadeeth of Al-Wilayah?’ I said, ‘I am reporting it, and you are reporting it’. He said, ‘Don’t you see that it the right is more than obligated for Ali-asws over Abu Bakr and Umar, what is not obligated for them upon him-asws?’
قُلْتُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ هَذَا قَالَهُ بِسَبَبِ زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ قَالَ وَ أَيْنَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص هَذَا قُلْتُ بِغَدِيرِ خُمٍّ بَعْدَ مُنْصَرَفِهِ مِنْ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ قَالَ فَمَتَى قُتِلَ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ قُلْتُ بِمُؤْتَةَ قَالَ أَ فَلَيْسَ قَدْ كَانَ قُتِلَ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ قَبْلَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ قُلْتُ بَلَى
I said, ‘The people are saying that this, he-saww had said it for the reason of Zayd Bin Haris’. He said, ‘And where has the Prophet-saww said this?’ I said, ‘At Ghadeer Khumm after his-saww leaving from the farewell Hajj’. He said, ‘When was Zayd Bin Harisa killed?’ I said, ‘At (the battle of) Muta’. He said, ‘Wasn’t Zayd Bin Haris killed before Ghadeer Khumm?’ I said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَخَبِّرْنِي لَوْ رَأَيْتَ ابْناً لَكَ أَتَتْ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً يَقُولُ مَوْلَايَ مَوْلَى ابْنِ عَمِّي أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ فَاقْبَلُوا أَ كُنْتَ تَكْرَهُ ذَلِكَ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ أَ فَتُنَزِّهُ ابْنَكَ عَمَّا لَا تُنَزِّهُ النَّبِيَّ ص
He said, ‘Inform me, if you were to see a son of yours, fifteen years having had come to him, saying, ‘My master is master of my cousin. O you people! Come!’ Would you dislike that?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Are you disdaining your son from what you are not disdaining about the Prophet-saww?
وَيْحَكُمْ أَ جَعَلْتُمْ فُقَهَاءَكُمْ أَرْبَابَكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبارَهُمْ وَ رُهْبانَهُمْ أَرْباباً مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهِ مَا صَامُوا لَهُمْ وَ لَا صَلَّوْا لَهُمْ وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ أَمَرُوا لَهُمْ فَأُطِيعُوا
Woe be unto you all! Are you making your jurists as your lords? Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: They are taking their Rabbis and their Monks as lords besides Allah, [9:31]. By Allah-azwj! They neither fasted for them, nor did they pray to them, but they (priests) ordered them, so they obeyed’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَ تَرْوِي قَوْلَ النَّبِيِّ ص لِعَلِيٍّ ع أَنْتَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَ مَا تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَارُونَ أَخُو مُوسَى لِأَبِيهِ وَ أُمِّهِ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ فَعَلِيٌّ ع كَذَلِكَ قُلْتُ لَا
Then he said, ‘Are you reporting the words of the Prophet-saww for Ali-asws: ‘You-asws are from me-saww at the status of Haroun-saww from Musa-as’?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Don’t you know that Haroun-as is a brother-as of Musa-as of his-as father-as and his-as mother-as?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So Ali-asws is like that’. I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ فَهَارُونُ نَبِيٌّ وَ لَيْسَ عَلِيٌّ كَذَلِكَ فَمَا الْمَنْزِلَةُ الثَّالِثَةُ إِلَّا الْخِلَافَةُ وَ هَذَا كَمَا قَالَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ إِنَّهُ اسْتَخْلَفَهُ اسْتِثْقَالًا لَهُ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يُطَيِّبَ نَفْسَهُ وَ هَذَا كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْ مُوسَى حَيْثُ يَقُولُ لِهَارُونَ اخْلُفْنِي فِي قَوْمِي وَ أَصْلِحْ وَ لا تَتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
He said, ‘So Haroun-as is a Prophet-as and Ali-asws isn’t like that. So what is the third status except the caliphate? And this is like what the hypocrites said, ‘He-saww is leaving him-asws behind due to him-asws being a burden to him-saww’. So he-saww wanted his-asws soul to feel good. And this is just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Narrated on behalf of Musa-asws where he-as said to Haroun-as: ‘Be my Caliph among my people and be righteous, and do not follow the way of the mischief makers’ [7:142]’.
فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ مُوسَى خَلَّفَ هَارُونَ فِي قَوْمِهِ وَ هُوَ حَيٌّ ثُمَّ مَضَى إِلَى مِيقَاتِ رَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص خَلَّفَ عَلِيّاً ع حِينَ خَرَجَ إِلَى غَزَاتِهِ
I said, ‘Musa-as made Haroun-as a caliph among his-as people while he-as was alive. Then he-as passed away to the appointment of his-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic. And the Prophet-saww mad Ali-asws a caliph when he-saww went out to his-saww military expedition’.
فَقَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ مُوسَى حِينَ خَلَّفَ هَارُونَ أَ كَانَ مَعَهُ حَيْثُ مَضَى إِلَى مِيقَاتِ رَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَ وَ لَيْسَ قَدِ اسْتَخْلَفَهُ عَلَى جَمِيعِهِمْ قُلْتُ بَلَى
He said, ‘Inform me about Musa-as when he-as made Haroun-as a caliph. When he-as went to an appointment of his-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic, was there anyone from his-as companions with him-as?’ I said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Or hadn’t he-as made him-as a caliph upon all of them?’ I said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَكَذَلِكَ عَلِيٌّ ع خَلَّفَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص حِينَ خَرَجَ فِي غَزَاتِهِ فِي الضُّعَفَاءِ وَ النِّسَاءِ وَ الصِّبْيَانِ إِذْ كَانَ أَكْثَرُ قَوْمِهِ مَعَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ جَعَلَهُ خَلِيفَتَهُ عَلَى جَمِيعِهِمْ وَ الدَّلِيلُ عَلَى أَنَّهُ جَعَلَهُ خَلِيفَةً عَلَيْهِمْ فِي حَيَاتِهِ إِذَا غَابَ وَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ قَوْلُهُ ع عَلِيٌّ بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي
He said, ‘Like that is Ali-asws. The Prophet-saww, when he-saww went out in his-saww military expedition, had made him-asws the caliph among the weak ones, and the women, and the children, when most of his-saww people were with him-saww, and even though he-saww had made him the caliph upon all of them. And the evidence upon the he-saww had made him-asws a caliph upon them during his-saww lifetime when he-saww was absent, and after his-saww death are his-saww words: ‘Ali-asws is at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as except there would be no Prophet-as after me-saww’.
وَ هُوَ وَزِيرُ النَّبِيِّ ص أَيْضاً بِهَذَا الْقَوْلِ لِأَنَّ مُوسَى ع قَدْ دَعَا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَالَ فِيمَا دَعَا وَ اجْعَلْ لِي وَزِيراً مِنْ أَهْلِي هارُونَ أَخِي اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِي وَ أَشْرِكْهُ فِي أَمْرِي
And he is a Vizier or the Prophet-saww as well due to this word, because Musa-asws had supplicated to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. He-as said among what he-as supplicated: And Make a Vizier to be for me from my family [20:29] Haroun, my brother [20:30] Strengthen my back by him [20:31] And associate him in my matter [20:32].
وَ إِذَا كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع مِنْهُ ص بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى فَهُوَ وَزِيرُهُ كَمَا كَانَ هَارُونُ وَزِيرَ مُوسَى ع وَ هُوَ خَلِيفَتُهُ كَمَا كَانَ هَارُونُ خَلِيفَةَ مُوسَى ع
And when Ali-asws was from him-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as, so he-asws is his-saww Vizier, just as Haroun-as was Vizier of Musa-as, and he-asws is his-saww caliph just as Haroun-as was caliph of Musa-as’.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِ النَّظَرِ وَ الْكَلَامِ فَقَالَ أَسْأَلُكُمْ أَوْ تَسْأَلُونِّي قَالُوا بَلْ نَسْأَلُكَ فَقَالَ قُولُوا
Then he turned to the companions of viewpoints and the theology. He said, ‘Shall I ask you all or will you ask me?’ They said, ‘But, we shall ask you!’ He said, ‘Speak!’
فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ أَ لَيْسَتْ إِمَامَةُ عَلِيٍّ ع مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ نَقَلَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مَنْ نَقَلَ الْفَرْضَ مِثْلُ الظُّهْرُ أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ وَ فِي مائتين [مِائَتَيْ] دِرْهَمٍ خَمْسَةُ دَرَاهِمَ وَ الْحَجُّ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَقَالَ بَلَى
A speaker from them said, ‘Isn’t the Imamate of Ali-asws from the Direction of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. He transmitted that from Rasool-Allah-saww, the one who transmitted the Obligations like (Salat) Al-Zuhr being of four Cycles, and there are five Dirhams (as Zakat) from every two hundred Dirhams, and the Hajj to Makkah’. He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَمَا بَالُهُمْ لَمْ يَخْتَلِفُوا فِي جَمِيعِ الْفَرْضِ وَ اخْتَلَفُوا فِي خِلَافَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع وَحْدَهَا قَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ لِأَنَّ جَمِيعَ الْفَرْضِ لَا يَقَعُ فِيهِ مِنَ التَّنَافُسِ وَ الرَّغْبَةِ مَا يَقَعُ فِي الْخِلَافَةِ
He said, ‘So what is the matter with them they are not differing in entirety of Obligations and they are differing regarding Ali-asws alone?’ Al-Mamoun said, ‘Because there did not occur competition and the desire in entirety of the Obligations what occurred regarding the caliphate’.
فَقَالَ آخَرُ مَا أَنْكَرْتَ أَنْ يَكُونَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَمَرَهُمْ بِاخْتِيَارِ رَجُلٍ يَقُومُ مَقَامَهُ رَأْفَةً بِهِمْ وَ رِقَّةً عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَسْتَخْلِفَ هُوَ بِنَفْسِهِ فَيُعْصَى خَلِيفَتُهُ فَيَنْزِلَ الْعَذَابُ
Another one said, ‘What are you denying if the Prophet-saww happened to have instructed them to be choosing a man who would be standing in his-saww place, as a pity with them and kindness upon them. If he-saww had chosen by himself-saww, they would have disobeyed his-saww caliph and the Punishment would have descended’.
فَقَالَ أَنْكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَرْأَفُ بِخَلْقِهِ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ قَدْ بَعَثَ نَبِيَّهُ ص وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ فِيهِمُ الْعَاصِيَ وَ الْمُطِيعَ فَلَمْ يَمْنَعْهُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ إِرْسَالِهِ
He said, ‘I deny that from a direction that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is more Knowing with His-azwj creatures than the Prophet-saww, and He-azwj had Sent His-azwj Prophet-saww and He-azwj knew that among them are the disobedient ones and the obedient ones. But that did not Prevent Him-azwj from Sending him-saww.
وَ عِلَّةٌ أُخْرَى لَوْ أَمَرَهُمْ بِاخْتِيَارِ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ كَانَ لَا يَخْلُو مِنْ أَنْ يَأْمُرَهُمْ كُلَّهُمْ أَوْ بَعْضَهُمْ فَلَوْ أَمَرَ الْكُلَّ مَنْ كَانَ الْمُخْتَارُ وَ لَوْ أَمَرَ بَعْضاً دُونَ بَعْضٍ كَانَ لَا يَخْلُو مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلَى هَذَا الْبَعْضِ عَلَامَةٌ فَإِنْ قُلْتَ الْفُقَهَاءُ فَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ تَحْدِيدِ الْفَقِيهِ وَ سِمَتِهِ
And another reason, if he-saww had instructed them with the choosing a man from them, it would not be empty from him-saww instructing them, all of them or some of them? If he-saww had instructed the whole, who would have been chosen? And if he-saww had instructed some besides others, it would not be empty from it being a sign upon this ‘some’. So if you were to say, ‘The jurists’, then there is no escape from defining the jurist and his attributes’.
قَالَ آخَرُ فَقَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ مَا رَآهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ حَسَناً فَهُوَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَسَنٌ وَ مَا رَأَوْهُ قَبِيحاً فَهُوَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى قَبِيحٌ
Another one said, ‘It has been reported that the Prophet-saww said: ‘Whatever the Muslims have viewed is a good, so it is good in the Presence of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and whatever they have viewed it as ugly, so it is ugly in the Presence of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted’’.
فَقَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلُ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ أَنْ يُرِيدَ كُلَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَوِ الْبَعْضَ فَإِنْ أَرَادَ الْكُلَّ فَهُوَ مَفْقُودٌ لِأَنَّ الْكُلَّ لَا يُمْكِنُ اجْتِمَاعُهُمْ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْبَعْضَ فَقَدْ رَوَى كُلٌّ فِي صَاحِبِهِ حُسْناً مِثْلُ رِوَايَةِ الشِّيعَةِ فِي عَلِيٍّ ع وَ رِوَايَةِ الْحَشْوِيَّةِ فِي غَيْرِهِ فَمَتَى يَثْبُتُ مَا يُرِيدُونَ مِنَ الْإِمَامَةِ
He said, ‘This word, there is no escape from him-saww intending all the Momineen or some of them. If he-saww intended all, so it is lost, because all, it is not possible to gather them, and if it was some, so each one has reported good regarding his companion similar to the report of the Shias regarding Ali-asws, and the report of Al-Hashwiya among others. So when would it be proven what they are wanting from the Imamate?
قَالَ آخَرُ فَيَجُوزُ أَنْ يُزْعَمَ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ مُحَمَّدٍ ص أَخْطَئُوا
Another one said, ‘Is it allowed to claim that the companions of Muhammad-saww had erred?’
قَالَ كَيْفَ نَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُمْ أَخْطَئُوا وَ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى ضَلَالَةٍ وَ هُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ فَرْضاً وَ لَا سُنَّةً لِأَنَّكَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّ الْإِمَامَةَ لَا فَرْضٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَا سُنَّةٌ مِنَ الرَّسُولِ ص فَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ فِيمَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ بِفَرْضٍ وَ لَا سُنَّةٍ خَطَأٌ
He said, ‘How can we claim that they were mistaken and had united upon a straying, and they were neither knowing any Obligations nor Sunnah, because you are claiming that the Imamate is neither an Obligation from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic nor a Sunnah from the Rasool-Allah-saww. So how can there be a mistake in what is neither an Obligation nor a Sunnah in your presence’.
قَالَ آخَرُ إِنْ كُنْتَ تَدَّعِي لِعَلِيٍّ ع مِنَ الْإِمَامَةِ دُونَ غَيْرِهِ فَهَاتِ بَيِّنَتَكَ عَلَى مَا تَدَّعِي
Another one said, ‘If you are claiming from the Imamate being for Ali-asws besides others, so give your proof upon what you are claiming’.
فَقَالَ مَا أَنَا بِمُدَّعٍ وَ لَكِنِّي مُقِرٌّ وَ لَا بَيِّنَةَ عَلَى مُقِرٍّ وَ الْمُدَّعِي مَنْ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ إِلَيْهِ التَّوْلِيَةَ وَ الْعَزْلَ وَ أَنَّ إِلَيْهِ الِاخْتِيَارَ وَ الْبَيِّنَةُ لَا تَعْرَى مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْ شُرَكَائِهِ فَهُمْ خُصَمَاءُ أَوْ يَكُونَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ وَ الْغَيْرُ مَعْدُومٌ فَكَيْفَ يُؤْتَى بِالْبَيِّنَةِ عَلَى هَذَا
He said, ‘I am not a clamant, but I am an acknowledge, and there is not (burden of) proof upon an acknowledge, and the claimant is the one who alleges that placing in charge and removing is up to him, and that the choosing is up to him. And the evidence is not clear from whether he happens to be from his associates, for they are adversaries, or it happens to be from others, and the other, is non-existent, so how can you be come with the proof based upon this’.
قَالَ آخَرُ فَمَا كَانَ الْوَاجِبَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع بَعْدَ مُضِيِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ مَا فَعَلَهُ قَالَ أَ فَمَا وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُعْلِمَ النَّاسَ أَنَّهُ إِمَامٌ
Another one said, ‘So what was the obligation upon Ali-asws after Rasool-Allah-saww had passed away?’ He said, ‘What he-asws did’. He said, ‘Was it not obligated upon him-asws to let the people know that he-asws is an Imam-asws?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْإِمَامَةَ لَا تَكُونُ بِفِعْلٍ مِنْهُ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَ لَا بِفِعْلٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ فِيهِ مِنِ اخْتِيَارٍ أَوْ تَفْضِيلٍ أَوْ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ بِفِعْلٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهِ كَمَا قَالَ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ ع إِنِّي جاعِلُكَ لِلنَّاسِ إِماماً وَ كَمَا قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِدَاوُدَ ع يا داوُدُ إِنَّا جَعَلْناكَ خَلِيفَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ كَمَا قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ فِي آدَمَ ع إِنِّي جاعِلٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ خَلِيفَةً
He said, ‘The Imamate cannot happen with a deed from him-asws, nor with a deed from the people regarding him-asws from a choosing, or preference, or other than that. But rather, it happens from a Deed from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic regarding him-asws just as He-azwj had Said to Ibrahim-as: “I will Make you an Imam for the people”. [2:124], and just as the Mighty and Majestic said to Dawood-as: “O Dawood! Surely, We Made you a Caliph in the earth, [38:26], and just as the Mighty and Majestic Said to the Angels regarding Adam-as: I am going to Make a Caliph in the earth. [2:30].
فَالْإِمَامُ إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ إِمَاماً مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ بِاخْتِيَارِهِ إِيَّاهُ فِي بَدْءِ الصَّنِيعَةِ وَ التَّشْرِيفِ فِي النَّسَبِ وَ الطَّهَارَةِ فِي الْمَنْشَإِ وَ الْعِصْمَةِ فِي الْمُسْتَقْبَلِ وَ لَوْ كَانَتْ بِفِعْلٍ مِنْهُ فِي نَفْسِهِ كَانَ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ الْفِعْلَ مُسْتَحِقّاً لِلْإِمَامَةِ وَ إِذَا عَمِلَ خِلَافَهَا اعْتَزَلَ فَيَكُونُ خَلِيفَةً قِبَلَ أَفْعَالِهِ
The Imam-asws rather becomes an Imam-asws from the Direction of Allah-azwj, by His-azwj Choosing him-asws in the beginning of the Making, and nobility in the lineage, and the cleanliness in the growing, and the infallibility in the future, and had it been due to a deed from him-asws regarding himself-asws, the one who did that deed would be rightful of the Imamate, and when he-asws acts opposite to it, he-asws would be a caliph before his-asws deeds’.
وَ قَالَ آخَرُ فَلِمَ أَوْجَبْتَ الْإِمَامَةَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع بَعْدَ الرَّسُولِ ص
And another one said, ‘Due to what did the Imamate obligate for Ali-asws after the Rasool-saww?’
فَقَالَ لِخُرُوجِهِ مِنَ الطُّفُولِيَّةِ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ كَخُرُوجِ النَّبِيِّ ص مِنَ الطُّفُولِيَّةِ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ وَ الْبَرَاءَةِ مِنْ ضَلَالَةِ قَوْمِهِ عَنِ الْحُجَّةِ وَ اجْتِنَابِهِ الشِّرْكَ كَبَرَاءَةِ النَّبِيِّ ص مِنَ الضَّلَالَةِ وَ اجْتِنَابِهِ الشِّرْكَ لِأَنَّ الشِّرْكَ ظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ وَ لَا يَكُونُ الظَّالِمُ إِمَاماً وَ لَا مَنْ عَبَدَ وَثَناً بِإِجْمَاعٍ وَ مَنْ أَشْرَكَ فَقَدْ حَلَّ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَحَلَّ أَعْدَائِهِ
He said, ‘Due to his-asws coming out from the childhood to the Eman, like the exit of the Prophet-saww from the childhood to the Eman and disavowing from the straying of his-saww people from the Divine Authority and his-asws staying away from the Shirk, like the disavowing by the Prophet-saww from the straying and his-saww keeping away from the Shirk, because the Shirk is a gross injustice and the unjust one cannot happen to be an Imam-asws, nor from an idol worshipper, and the one who associates, so he would have released from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, the release of His-azwj enemies.
فَالْحُكْمُ فِيهِ الشَّهَادَةُ عَلَيْهِ بِمَا اجْتَمَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْأُمَّةُ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ إِجْمَاعٌ آخَرُ مِثْلُهُ وَ لِأَنَّ مَنْ حُكِمَ عَلَيْهِ مَرَّةً فَلَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ حَاكِماً فَيَكُونَ الْحَاكِمُ مَحْكُوماً عَلَيْهِ فَلَا يَكُونُ حِينَئِذٍ فَرْقٌ بَيْنَ الْحَاكِمِ وَ الْمَحْكُومِ عَلَيْهِ
So the ruling regarding him-asws is the testimony upon him-asws with what the community is united upon until another consensus similar to it, comes, and because the one who has been ruled upon once, it is not allowed that he becomes a ruler, for the ruler would be the ruled upon. So, on that day, there would not be any difference between the ruler and the ruled upon’.
قَالَ آخَرُ فَلِمَ لَمْ يُقَاتِلْ عَلِيٌّ ع أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرَ وَ عُثْمَانَ كَمَا قَاتَلَ مُعَاوِيَةَ
Another one said, ‘So why didn’t Ali-asws fight against Abu Bakr and Umar and Usman just as he-asws fought against Muawiya?’
فَقَالَ الْمَسْأَلَةُ مُحَالٌ لِأَنَّ لَمْ اقْتِضَاءٌ وَ لَا يَفْعَلُ نَفْيٌ وَ النَّفْيُ لَا يَكُونُ لَهُ عِلَّةٌ إِنَّمَا الْعِلَّةُ لِلْإِثْبَاتِ وَ إِنَّمَا يَجِبُ أَنْ يُنْظَرَ فِي أَمْرِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ أَمْ مِنْ قِبَلِ غَيْرِهِ
He said, ‘The issue is impossible, because he-asws did not prosecute nor did he-asws do any negation, and the negation, there does not happen to have any reason for it. But rather, the reason is for the proving, and rather it obliges one to look into the matter of Ali-asws, is it from the Direction of Allah-azwj or from the direction someone else?
فَإِنْ صَحَّ أَنَّهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَالشَّكُّ فِي تَدْبِيرِهِ كُفْرٌ لِقَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَلا وَ رَبِّكَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيما شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ حَرَجاً مِمَّا قَضَيْتَ وَ يُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماً
If it holds correct that it is from the Direction of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, then the doubting in his-asws management is Kufr, due to the Words of Mighty and Majestic: But no! By your Lord! They are not believing until they make you a judge regarding what they are quarrelling between them, then not find any objection within themselves from what you judge, and they accept submissively [4:65].
فَأَفْعَالُ الْفَاعِلِ تَبَعٌ لِأَصْلِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ قِيَامُهُ عَنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَأَفْعَالُهُ عَنْهُ وَ عَلَى النَّاسِ الرِّضَا وَ التَّسْلِيمُ
The deeds of the doer follow its origin. So if his-asws standing was on behalf of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, then his-asws deeds would be on His-azwj behalf, and it is upon the people to agree and submit.
وَ قَدْ تَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْقِتَالَ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ يَوْمَ صَدَّ الْمُشْرِكُونَ هَدْيَهُ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ فَلَمَّا وَجَدَ الْأَعْوَانَ وَ قَوِيَ حَارَبَ كَمَا قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي الْأَوَّلِ فَاصْفَحِ الصَّفْحَ الْجَمِيلَ ثُمَّ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَاقْتُلُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَيْثُ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمْ وَ خُذُوهُمْ وَ احْصُرُوهُمْ وَ اقْعُدُوا لَهُمْ كُلَّ مَرْصَدٍ
And Rasool-Allah-saww had neglected the fighting on the day of (battle) of Al-Hudeybiya, on the day the Polytheists blocked his-asws threat from the house. When he-asws found the supporters and was strong, he-saww fought just as the Mighty and Majestic Said in the beginning: therefore pardon with the beautiful pardoning [15:85]. Then the Mighty and Majestic Said: then kill the Polytheists wherever you find them and take them as captives and sit waiting for them in every ambush. [9:5]’.
قَالَ آخَرُ إِذَا زَعَمْتَ أَنَّ إِمَامَةَ عَلِيٍّ ع مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَنَّهُ مُفْتَرَضُ الطَّاعَةِ فَلِمَ لَمْ يَجُزْ إِلَّا التَّبْلِيغُ وَ الدُّعَاءُ كَمَا لِلْأَنْبِيَاءِ ع وَ جَازَ لِعَلِيٍّ أَنْ يَتْرُكَ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ مِنْ دَعْوَةِ النَّاسِ إِلَى طَاعَتِهِ
Another one said, ‘Then you are claiming that the Imamate of Ali-asws is from the Direction of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and he-asws is of obligatory obedience. So why is he-saww not allowed except for the preaching and the calling, just as it is for the Prophets-as, and it is allowed for Ali-asws that he-asws can neglect whatever he-asws had been ordered with, from calling to people to his-asws obedience?’
فَقَالَ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّا لَمْ نَدَّعِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع أُمِرَ بِالتَّبْلِيغِ فَيَكُونَ رَسُولًا وَ لَكِنَّهُ ع وُضِعَ عَلَماً بَيْنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ بَيْنَ خَلْقِهِ فَمَنْ تَبِعَهُ كَانَ مُطِيعاً وَ مَنْ خَالَفَهُ كَانَ عَاصِياً
He said, ‘From a direction that we are not claiming that Ali-asws was ordered with the preaching so he-asws would be a Rasool-as, but he-asws was placed as a flag between Allah-azwj the Exalted and His-azwj creatures. So the one who follows him-asws would be an obedient one and one who opposes him-asws would be a disobedient one.
فَإِنْ وَجَدَ أَعْوَاناً يَتَقَوَّى بِهِمْ جَاهَدَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ أَعْوَاناً فَاللَّوْمُ عَلَيْهِمْ لَا عَلَيْهِ لِأَنَّهُمْ أُمِرُوا بِطَاعَتِهِ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ وَ لَمْ يُؤْمَرْ هُوَ بِمُجَاهَدَتِهِمْ إِلَّا بِقُوَّةٍ
If he-asws could find supporters to be strengthened by them, he-asws should fight and if he-asws does not find supporters, then the blame is upon them, not upon him-asws because they had been ordered with obeying him-asws in every situation and he-asws was not ordered with fighting them except with strength.
وَ هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْبَيْتِ عَلَى النَّاسِ الْحِجُّ إِلَيْهِ فَإِذَا حَجُّوا أَدَّوْا مَا عَلَيْهِمْ وَ إِذَا لَمْ يَفْعَلُوا كَانَتِ اللَّائِمَةُ عَلَيْهِمْ لَا عَلَى الْبَيْتِ
And he-asws is at the status of the House (Kabah). It is up to the people to go to Hajj to it. When they perform Hajj they should fulfill whatever is upon them, and when they do not do so, the blame would be upon them, not upon the House (Kabah)’.
وَ قَالَ آخَرُ إِذَا وَجَبَ أَنَّهُ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ إِمَامٍ مُفْتَرَضِ الطَّاعَةِ بِالاضْطِرَارِ فَكَيْفَ يَجِبُ بِالاضْطِرَارِ أَنَّهُ عَلِيٌّ ع دُونَ غَيْرِهِ
And another one said, ‘When it obligates that there is no escape from there being an Imam-asws of obligatory obedience due to the desperation, then how can it oblige due to the desperation that it is Ali-asws, besides someone else’.
فَقَالَ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَا يَفْرِضُ مَجْهُولًا وَ لَا يَكُونُ الْمَفْرُوضُ مُمْتَنِعاً إِذِ الْمَجْهُولُ مُمْتَنِعٌ وَ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ دَلَالَةِ الرَّسُولِ عَلَى الْفَرْضِ لِيَقْطَعَ الْعُذْرَ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ بَيْنَ عِبَادِهِ
He said, ‘From a direction that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic does not Obligate ambiguous, nor can the obligated be prevented when the ambiguous is prevented, and there is no escape from the Rasool-saww pointing upon the Obligation in order to cut off the excuse between Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and His-azwj servants.
أَ رَأَيْتَ لَوْ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ صَوْمَ شَهْرٍ وَ لَمْ يُعْلِمِ النَّاسَ أَيُّ شَهْرٍ هُوَ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ كَانَ عَلَى النَّاسِ اسْتِخْرَاجُ ذَلِكَ بِعُقُولِهِمْ حَتَّى يُصِيبُوا مَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَيَكُونُ النَّاسُ حِينَئِذٍ مُسْتَغْنِينَ عَنِ الرَّسُولِ وَ الْمُبَيِّنِ لَهُمْ وَ عَنِ الْإِمَامِ النَّاقِلِ خَبَرَ الرَّسُولِ إِلَيْهِمْ
What is your view if Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic were to Obligate the fasting of a month upon the people and does not Teach the people which month it is, and does not Specify, would it be upon the people to extract that by their intellects until they get it right what Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted had Intended. Then, on that day, the people would be needless from the Rasool-saww and the clarifier for them and from the Imam-asws to transmit the news of the Rasool-saww to them’.
وَ قَالَ آخَرُ مِنْ أَيْنَ أَوْجَبْتَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَانَ بَالِغاً حِينَ دَعَاهُ النَّبِيُّ ص فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ صَبِيّاً حِينَ دَعَا وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ جَازَ عَلَيْهِ الْحُكْمُ وَ لَا بَلَغَ مَبْلَغَ الرِّجَالِ
And another one said, ‘From where are you obligating that Ali-asws was an adult when the Prophet-saww called him-asws? The people are claiming that he-asws was a child when he-asws was called and the ruling was not allowed upon him-asws and he-asws had not reached the adulthood of the men’.
فَقَالَ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّهُ لَا يَعْرَى فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِمَّنْ أُرْسِلَ إِلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ص لِيَدْعُوَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ كَذَلِكَ فَهُوَ مُحْتَمِلٌ لِلتَّكْلِيفِ قَوِيٌّ عَلَى أَدَاءِ الْفَرَائِضِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يُرْسَلْ إِلَيْهِ فَقَدْ لَزِمَ النَّبِيَّ ص قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لَوْ تَقَوَّلَ عَلَيْنا بَعْضَ الْأَقاوِيلِ لَأَخَذْنا مِنْهُ بِالْيَمِينِ ثُمَّ لَقَطَعْنا مِنْهُ الْوَتِينَ
He said, ‘From a direction that there was no shame during that time from being from the ones the Prophet-saww had been Sent to in order to call him. If it was like that, then he-asws would be loaded for the encumberment, being strong enough upon fulfilling the obligations, and if he-asws was from the one he-saww had been Sent to, the Words of Mighty and Majestic: And if he were to say (fabricate) upon Us some of the sayings [69:44] We would have Seized him by the right hand, [69:45] Then We would certainly have cut off the aorta (vein) from him [69:46], would necessitate upon the Prophet-saww.
وَ كَانَ مَعَ ذَلِكَ قَدْ كَلَّفَ النَّبِيُّ ص عِبَادَ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يُطِيقُونَ عَنِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ هَذَا مِنَ الْمُحَالِ الَّذِي يَمْتَنِعُ كَوْنُهُ وَ لَا يَأْمُرُ بِهِ حَكِيمٌ وَ لَا يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ الرَّسُولُ تَعَالَى اللَّهُ عَنْ أَنْ يَأْمُرَ بِالْمُحَالِ وَ جَلَّ الرَّسُولُ عَنْ أَنْ يَأْمُرَ بِخِلَافِ مَا يُمْكِنُ كَوْنُهُ فِي حِكْمَةِ الْحَكِيمِ
And along with that, the Prophet-saww would have encumbered upon the servants of Allah-azwj what they could not endure from Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted. And this is from the impossibilities which would negate its existence, nor would the Wise One-azwj Command with it, nor would the Rasool-saww point upon it. Allah-azwj is Exalted from Commanding the impossible, and the Rasool-saww is more majestic than to order with opposite of what its being is possible in the Wisdom of the Wise One!’
فَسَكَتَ الْقَوْمُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ جَمِيعاً فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ قَدْ سَأَلْتُمُونِي وَ نَقَضْتُمْ عَلَيَّ أَ فَأَسْأَلُكُمْ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ أَ لَيْسَ رَوَتِ الْأُمَّةُ بِإِجْمَاعٍ مِنْهَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ مَنْ كَذَبَ عَلَيَّ مُتَعَمِّداً فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ قَالُوا بَلَى
The people were all silent during that. Al-Mamoun said, ‘You have asked me and have been refuted. Can I ask you all?’ They said, ‘Yes’. He said, ‘Isn’t the community reporting with unison that the Prophet-saww said: ‘One who belies upon me-saww deliberately, so let him assume his seat from the Fire!’?’ They said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ وَ رَوَوْا عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ عَصَى اللَّهَ بِمَعْصِيَةٍ صَغُرَتْ أَوْ كَبُرَتْ ثُمَّ اتَّخَذَهَا دِيناً وَ مَضَى مُصِرّاً عَلَيْهَا فَهُوَ مُخَلَّدٌ بَيْنَ أَطْبَاقِ الْجَحِيمِ قَالُوا بَلَى
He said, ‘And they are reporting from him-saww that he-saww said: ‘One who disobeys Allah-azwj with an act of disobedience, small or big, then takes it as a religion and continues persistently upon it, so he would be eternally between the payers of Blazing Fire?’ They said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَخَبِّرُونِي عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَخْتَارُهُ الْعَامَّةُ فَتَنْصِبُهُ خَلِيفَةً هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُقَالَ لَهُ خَلِيفَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْهُ الرَّسُولُ فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ نَعَمْ كَابَرْتُمْ وَ إِنْ قُلْتُمْ لَا وَجَبَ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَا مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ عَلَى نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَنَّكُمْ مُتَعَرِّضُونَ لِأَنْ تَكُونُوا مِمَّنْ وَسَمَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص بِدُخُولِ النَّارِ
He said, ‘Inform me about a man whom the general public has chosen and nominate him as a caliph. It is allowed that it be said to him, ‘Caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww, and from the Direction of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’, and the Rasool-saww did not make him the caliph? If you were to say, yes, you would be insisting stubbornly, but if you were to say, no, it would obligate that Abu Bakr did not happen to be a caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww nor from the Direction of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and you are belying upon the Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj and you are libelling because you would be from the ones the Prophet-saww had named with entering the Fire.
وَ خَبِّرُونِي فِي أَيِّ قَوْلَيْكُمْ صَدَقْتُمْ أَ فِي قَوْلِكُمْ مَضَى ص وَ لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ أَوْ فِي قَوْلِكُمْ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَدَقْتُمْ فِي الْقَوْلَيْنِ فَهَذَا مَا لَا يُمْكِنُ كَوْنُهُ إِذْ كَانَ مُتَنَاقِضاً وَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَدَقْتُمْ فِي أَحَدِهِمَا بَطَلَ الْآخَرُ
And inform me, regarding which of your words should I be ratifying? Would it be regarding your word that he-saww passed away and did not appoint a caliph, or regarding your word for Abu Bakr, ‘O caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww!’? If you were truthful regarding the two words, so this is what its existence is not possible when these are contradictory. And if you were truthful regarding one of the two, the other would be invalidated.
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ انْظُرُوا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ دَعُوا التَّقْلِيدَ وَ تَجَنَّبُوا الشُّبُهَاتِ فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَّا مِنْ عَبْدٍ لَا يَأْتِي إِلَّا بِمَا يَعْقِلُ وَ لَا يَدْخُلُ إِلَّا فِيمَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ حَقٌّ وَ الرَّيْبُ شَكٌّ وَ إِدْمَانُ الشَّكِّ كُفْرٌ بِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ صَاحِبُهُ فِي النَّارِ
Therefore, fear Allah-azwj and look out for yourselves and leave the Taqleed (emulation of your imams you are following), and shun the suspicions, for by Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will not Accept except from a servant who does not commit except what makes sense, nor does he enter except into what he knows that it is true, and the suspicion is doubt, and habitual doubt is Kufr with Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and its owner would be in the Fire.
وَ خَبِّرُونِي هَلْ يَجُوزُ ابْتِيَاعُ أَحَدِكُمْ عَبْداً فَإِذَا ابْتَاعَهُ صَارَ مَوْلَاهُ وَ صَارَ الْمُشْتَرِي عَبْدَهُ قَالُوا لَا
And inform me, ‘Is it allowed for one of you to buy a slave. So when he has bought him, he becomes his master, and the buyer becomes his slave?’ They said, ‘No’.
قَالَ كَيْفَ جَازَ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَنِ اجْتَمَعْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ لِهَوَاكُمْ وَ اسْتَخْلَفْتُمُوهُ صَارَ خَلِيفَةً عَلَيْكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ وَلَّيْتُمُوهُ أَ لَا كُنْتُمْ أَنْتُمُ الْخُلَفَاءَ عَلَيْهِ بَلْ تُوَلُّونَ خَلِيفَةً وَ تَقُولُونَ إِنَّهُ خَلِيفَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ إِذَا سَخِطْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ كَمَا فُعِلَ بِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ
He said, ‘How is it allowed that he become the one you have formed a consensus upon him for your whims, and you made him a caliph. He becomes a caliph upon you, and you have placed him in charge. Would you be the caliph upon him? But you would be placing the caliph to be in charge, and you are saying, ‘He is a caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww’. Then, when you are angry upon him, you kill him like what was done with Usman Bin Affan’.
قَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ لِأَنَّ الْإِمَامَ وَكِيلُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِذَا رَضُوا عَنْهُ وَلَّوْهُ وَ إِذَا سَخِطُوا عَلَيْهِ عَزَلُوهُ
A speaker from them said, ‘Because the Imam-asws is a protector of the Muslims when they are pleased from him-asws of his-asws rule, and when they are angry upon him, they remove him’.
قَالَ فَلِمَنِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَ الْعِبَادُ وَ الْبِلَادُ قَالُوا الله [لِلَّهِ] عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ فَاللَّهُ أَوْلَى أَنْ يُوَكِّلَ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ وَ بِلَادِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ لِأَنَّ مِنْ إِجْمَاعِ الْأُمَّةِ أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِي مُلْكِ غَيْرِهِ حَدَثاً فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُحْدِثَ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ فَآثِمٌ غَارِمٌ
He said, ‘So, for whom are the Muslims, and the servants, and the country?’ They said, ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic!’ He said, ‘Then Allah-azwj is foremost of Protecting upon His-azwj servants and His-azwj country than others, because it is from the consensus of the community is that the one does something new in the kingdom of others, so he is responsible, and it isn’t for him to do so. If he does so, he would be a sinner, indebted’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ خَبِّرُونِي عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص هَلِ اسْتَخْلَفَ حِينَ مَضَى أَمْ لَا فَقَالُوا لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ قَالَ فَتَرْكُهُ ذَلِكَ هُدًى أَمْ ضَلَالٌ قَالُوا هُدًى قَالَ فَعَلَى النَّاسِ أَنْ يَتَّبِعُوا الْهُدَى وَ يَتَنَكَّبُوا الضَّلَالَةَ قَالُوا قَدْ فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ
Then he said, ‘Inform me about the Prophet-saww. Did he-saww nominate a caliph when he-saww passed away, or not?’ They said, ‘He-saww did not appoint a caliph’. He said, ‘So his-saww neglecting that, was it guidance or straying?’ They said, ‘Guidance!’ He said, ‘Then it is upon the people that they should follow the guidance and turn away from the straying’. They said, ‘They had done that!’
قَالَ فَلِمَ اسْتَخْلَفَ النَّاسُ بَعْدَهُ وَ قَدْ تَرَكَهُ هُوَ فَتَرْكُ فِعْلِهِ ضَلَالٌ وَ مُحَالٌ أَنْ يَكُونَ خِلَافُ الْهُدَى هُدًى وَ إِذَا كَانَ تَرْكُ الِاسْتِخْلَافِ هُدًى فَلِمَ اسْتَخْلَفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ لَمْ يَفْعَلْهُ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ لِمَ جَعَلَ عُمَرُ الْأَمْرَ بَعْدَهُ شُورَى بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خِلَافاً عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ
He said, ‘Then why did the people appoint a caliph after him, and he-saww had neglected it. So leaving his-saww deed is a straying, and it is impossible that the opposite of guidance would be guidance. And when neglecting nominating the caliph is guidance, then why was Abu Bakr appointed, and the Prophet-saww did not do so? And why did Umar made the command after him to be a consultation between the Muslims in opposition to his companion?
زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ وَ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ اسْتَخْلَفَ وَ عُمَرَ لَمْ يَتْرُكِ الِاسْتِخْلَافَ كَمَا تَرَكَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص بِزَعْمِكُمْ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ كَمَا فَعَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ جَاءَ بِمَعْنًى ثَالِثٍ
You are claiming that the Prophet-saww did not appoint a caliph, and that Abu Bakr was appointed as a caliph, and Umar did not neglect appointing the caliph like what the Prophet-saww had neglected by your allegation, and he-saww did not appoint a caliph just as Abu Bakr had done. And it has come with a third meaning.
فَخَبِّرُونِي أَيُّ ذَلِكَ تَرَوْنَهُ صَوَاباً فَإِنْ رَأَيْتُمْ فِعْلَ النَّبِيِّ ص صَوَاباً فَقَدْ خَطَّأْتُمْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْقَوْلُ فِي بَقِيَّةِ الْأَقَاوِيلِ
Inform me, which of that are you viewing as correct? If you are viewing the deed of the Prophet-saww as correct, then you are erring Abu Bakr, and like is the word regarding the remaining words.
وَ خَبِّرُونِي أَيُّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ مَا فَعَلَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص بِزَعْمِكُمْ مِنْ تَرْكِ الِاسْتِخْلَافِ أَوْ مَا صَنَعَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنَ الِاسْتِخْلَافِ
And inform me, which of the two is superior, what the Prophet-saww had done by your allegation, from neglecting the appointment of a caliph, or what a group had done from appointing the caliph?
وَ خَبِّرُونِي هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ تَرْكُهُ مِنَ الرَّسُولِ ص هُدًى وَ فِعْلُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ هُدًى فَيَكُونَ هُدًى ضِدَّ هُدًى فَأَيْنَ الضَّلَالُ حِينَئِذٍ
And inform me, ‘Is it allowed that a neglect from the Rasool-saww would be a guidance, and his-saww deed (neglected by him-saww but done) by others would be guidance? So a guidance would be opposite to a guidance. So where is the straying on that day?
وَ خَبِّرُونِي هَلْ وُلِّيَ أَحَدٌ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ ص بِاخْتِيَارِ الصَّحَابَةِ مُنْذُ قُبِضَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِلَى الْيَوْمِ فَإِنْ قُلْتُمْ لَا فَقَدْ أَوْجَبْتُمْ أَنَّ النَّاسَ كُلَّهُمْ عَمِلُوا ضَلَالَةً بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ إِنْ قُلْتُمْ نَعَمْ كَذَّبْتُمُ الْأُمَّةَ وَ أَبْطَلَ قَوْلَكُمْ الْوُجُودُ الَّذِي لَا يُدْفَعُ
And inform me, did anyone become a ruler after the Prophet-saww, by the choice of the companions, since the Prophet-saww passed away until today? If you were to say, no, then you would have obliged that the people, all of them had done a (deed of) straying after the Prophet-saww. And if you were to say to, you would be belying the community and it would invalidate the existence of your word, which cannot be defended.
وَ خَبِّرُونِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ قُلْ لِمَنْ ما فِي السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ قُلْ لِلَّهِ أَ صِدْقٌ هَذَا أَمْ كِذْبٌ قَالُوا صِدْقٌ قَالَ أَ فَلَيْسَ مَا سِوَى اللَّهِ لِلَّهِ إِذْ كَانَ مُحْدِثَهُ وَ مَالِكَهُ قَالُوا نَعَمْ
And inform me about the Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Say: ‘For whom is whatever is in the skies and the earth?’ Say, ‘For Allah’. [6:12]. Is it true, this, or a lie?’ They said, ‘True!’ Isn’t it so that whatever is besides Allah-azwj is for Allah-azwj, when He-azwj was its Innovator and its Owner?’ They said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَفِي هَذَا بُطْلَانُ مَا أَوْجَبْتُمْ مِنِ اخْتِيَارِكُمْ خَلِيفَةً تَفْتَرِضُونَ طَاعَتَهُ إِذَا اخْتَرْتُمُوهُ وَ تُسَمُّونَهُ خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَنْتُمُ اسْتَخْلَفْتُمُوهُ وَ هُوَ مَعْزُولٌ عَنْكُمْ إِذَا غَضِبْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَمِلَ بِخِلَافِ مَحَبَّتِكُمْ وَ هُوَ مَقْتُولٌ إِذَا أَبَى الِاعْتِزَالَ
He said, ‘In this there is invalidation of what you are obligating from your choosing a caliph imposing obedience to him, when you are choosing him and naming him as being a caliph of Rasool-Allah-saww, and you have appointed him as caliph, and he would be removed from you whenever you are angered upon him, and he works with opposite to your love, and he would be killed if he refused to be removed.
وَيْلَكُمْ لَا تَفْتَرُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِباً فَتَلْقَوْا وَبَالَ ذَلِكَ غَداً إِذَا قُمْتُمْ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِذَا وَرَدْتُمْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ كَذَّبْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مُتَعَمِّدِينَ وَ قَدْ قَالَ مَنْ كَذَبَ عَلَيَّ مُتَعَمِّداً فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ
Woe be unto you all! Do not fabricate a lie upon Allah-azwj, for you would be facing a scourge of that tomorrow when you are standing in front of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and when you arrive to Rasool-Allah-saww, and you had belied upon him-saww deliberately. And he-saww had said: ‘One who lies upon me-saww deliberately, so let him assume his seat from the Fire!’’
ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ وَ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي قَدْ نَصَحْتُ لَهُمْ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي قَدْ أَرْشَدْتُهُمْ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي قَدْ أَخْرَجْتُ مَا وَجَبَ عَلَيَّ إِخْرَاجُهُ مِنْ عُنُقِي اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي لَمْ أَدَعْهُمْ فِي رَيْبٍ وَ لَا فِي شَكٍّ
Then he faced the Qiblah and raised his hands and said, ‘O Allah-azwj! I have advised them. O Allah-azwj! I have guided them. O Allah-azwj! I have brought out what was obligatory upon me to bring it out from my neck. O Allah-azwj! I have neither left them in suspicion nor in doubt.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَدِينُ بِالتَّقَرُّبِ إِلَيْكَ بِتَقْدِيمِ عَلِيٍّ ع عَلَى الْخَلْقِ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّكَ ص كَمَا أَمَرَنَا بِهِ رَسُولُكَ صَلَوَاتُكَ وَ سَلَامُكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ
O Allah-azwj! I am making it a religion to draw closer to You-azwj, with advancing Ali-asws over the people after Your-azwj Prophet-saww, just as Your-azwj Rasool-saww had ordered us. May Your-azwj Salawaat, and Your-azwj Greetings be upon him-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ افْتَرَقْنَا فَلَنْ نَجْتَمِعَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى قُبِضَ الْمَأْمُونُ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘We separated, and we never gathered after that until Al-Mamoun died’’.[65]
قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ قَالَ: فَسَكَتَ الْقَوْمُ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ لِمَ سَكَتُّمْ قَالُوا لَا نَدْرِي مَا نَقُولُ قَالَ يَكْفِينِي هَذِهِ الْحُجَّةُ عَلَيْكُمْ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِإِخْرَاجِهِمْ
Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Imran Al Ash’ary, and in another Hadeeth, he said,
‘The people were silent. He said to them, ‘Why are you all silent?’ They said, ‘We do not know what to say’. He said, ‘This suffices be as the proof over you’. Then he ordered with their expulsion.
قَالَ فَخَرَجْنَا مُتَحَيِّرِينَ خَجِلِينَ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ الْمَأْمُونُ إِلَى الْفَضْلِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ فَقَالَ هَذَا أَقْصَى مَا عِنْدَ الْقَوْمِ فَلَا يَظُنَّ ظَانٌّ أَنَّ جَلَالَتِي مَنَعَتْهُمْ مِنَ النَّقْضِ عَلَيَ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘We went out baffled, ashamed. Then Al-Mamoun looked at Al-Fazl Bin Sahl. He said, ‘This is the maximum of what is with the people. So, let not anything thinker thing that it was my majesty which prevented them from attacking upon me’’.[66]
3- يف، الطرائف مِنَ الطَّرَائِفِ الْمَشْهُورَةِ مَا بَلَغَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَأْمُونُ فِي مَدْحِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ مَدْحِ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ ع ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ مِسْكَوَيْهِ صَاحِبُ التَّارِيخِ الْمُسَمَّى بِحَوَادِثِ الْإِسْلَامِ فِي كِتَابٍ سَمَّاهُ نَدِيمَ الْفَرِيدِ يَقُولُ فِيهِ حَيْثُ ذَكَرَ كِتَاباً كَتَبَهُ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ يَسْأَلُونَ جَوَابَهُمْ مَا هَذَا لَفْظُهُ
(The book) ‘Al Taraif’ –
‘From the famous oddities is what Al-Mamoun had reached to in praising Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and praise of the People-asws of his-asws Household, and his mentioning Ibn Miskawiya author of the history named as ‘Hawadis Al-Islam’ in a book he named is as ‘Nadeem Al-Fareed’, saying in it where he mentioned a letter written by the clan of Hashim-as asking him, what these are its wordings: –
فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَى رَغْمِ أَنْفِ الرَّاغِمِينَ
‘Al-Mamoun said, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj Lord-azwj of the worlds and may Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww upon the rubbing of the nose of the arrogant ones.
أَمَّا بَعْدُ عَرَفَ الْمَأْمُونُ كِتَابَكُمْ وَ تَدْبِيرَ أَمْرِكُمْ وَ مَخْضَ زُبْدَتِكُمْ وَ أَشْرَفَ عَلَى قُلُوبِ صَغِيرِكُمْ وَ كَبِيرِكُمْ وَ عَرَفَكُمْ مُقْبِلِينَ وَ مُدْبِرِينَ وَ مَا آلَ إِلَيْهِ كِتَابُكُمْ قَبْلَ كِتَابِكُمْ فِي مُرَاوَضَةِ الْبَاطِلِ وَ صَرْفِ وُجُوهِ الْحَقِّ عَنْ مَوَاضِعِهَا وَ نَبْذِكُمْ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ الْآثَارَ وَ كُلَّ مَا جَاءَكُمْ بِهِ الصَّادِقُ مُحَمَّدٌ ص
As for after, Al-Mamoun has understood your letter, and management of your affairs, and the froth of your butter (your plots), and he overlooks upon the hearts of your young ones and your old ones, and he know your coming forward and going backwards, and what your letter has inclined to before your letter in interfering with the falsehood, and turning the aspects of truth away from its places, and your dismissal of the Book of Allah-azwj the Exalted, and the Ahadeeth, and all what the truthful Muhammad-saww had come with.
حَتَّى كَأَنَّكُمْ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ السَّالِفَةِ الَّتِي هَلَكَتْ بِالْخَسْفَةِ وَ الْغَرَقِ وَ الرِّيحِ وَ الصَّيْحَةِ وَ الصَّوَاعِقِ وَ الرَّجْمِ أَ فَلا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْآنَ أَمْ عَلى قُلُوبٍ أَقْفالُها وَ الَّذِي هُوَ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ مِنْ حَبْلِ الْوَرِيدِ
(This was) to the extent as if you were from the previous communities which were destroyed by the submergence, and the drowning, and the wind, and the scream, and the lightning, and the pelting. So do they not ponder on the Quran or are there locks upon (their) hearts [47:24]. By the One-azwj Who is closer to Al-Mamoun than the jugular vein.
لَوْ لَا أَنْ يَقُولَ قَائِلٌ إِنَّ الْمَأْمُونَ تَرَكَ الْجَوَابَ عَجْزاً لَمَا أَجَبْتُكُمْ مِنْ سُوءِ أَخْلَاقِكُمْ وَ قِلَّةِ أَخْطَارِكُمْ وَ رَكَاكَةِ عُقُولِكُمْ وَ مِنْ سَخَافَةِ مَا تَأْوُونَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ آرَائِكُمْ فَلْيَسْتَمِعْ مُسْتَمِعٌ فَلْيُبَلِّغْ شَاهِدٌ غَائِباً
Had it not been for a speaker saying that Al-Mamoun has neglected the answering out of frustration, I would have answered you all of your evil mannerisms and your lack of thinking, and the thinness of your intellects, and of the ridiculousness of your opinions. So let the listening one listen intently. Let the attendee deliver to the absentee.
أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً ص عَلى فَتْرَةٍ مِنَ الرُّسُلِ وَ قُرَيْشٌ فِي أَنْفُسِهَا وَ أَمْوَالِهَا لَا يَرَوْنَ أَحَداً يُسَامِيهِمْ وَ لَا يُبَارِيهِمْ فَكَانَ نَبِيُّنَا ص أَمِيناً مِنْ أَوْسَطِهِمْ بَيْتاً وَ أَقَلِّهِمْ مَالًا
As for after, Allah-azwj the Exalted Sent Muhammad-saww upon a gap from the Messengers-as, and Qureysh in themselves and their wealth were not seeing anyone who could compete with them nor be compared with them. Our Prophet-saww was trustworthy being their moderate one of a house, and their least of them in wealth.
وَ كَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ آمَنَتْ بِهِ خَدِيجَةَ بِنْتَ خُوَيْلِدٍ فَوَاسَتْهُ بِمَالِهَا ثُمَّ آمَنَ بِهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ لَمْ يُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئاً طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ وَ لَمْ يَعْبُدْ وَثَناً وَ لَمْ يَأْكُلْ رِبًا وَ لَمْ يُشَاكِلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةَ فِي جَهَالاتِهِمْ
And the first one to believe in him-saww was (Syeda) Khadeeja-as Bint Khuweylid. She-as helped him-saww with her-as wealth. Then Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws believed in him-saww for seven years, not having associated anything with Allah-azwj for the blink of an eye, and he-asws did not worship an idol, and did not consume interest, and did not identify with the ignoramuses in their ignorance.
وَ كَانَتْ عُمُومَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِمَّا مُسْلِمٌ مَهِينٌ أَوْ كَافِرٌ مُعَانِدٌ إِلَّا حَمْزَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَمْتَنِعْ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ لَا يَمْتَنِعُ الْإِسْلَامُ مِنْهُ فَمَضَى لِسَبِيلِهِ عَلى بَيِّنَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّهِ
And the uncles of Rasool-Allah-saww were either a despicable Muslim or an inimical Kafir, except Hamza-as, for he-as did not prevent from Al-Islam and Al-Islam was not prevented from him-as. He-as went on his-as way upon a proof from his-as Lord-azwj.
وَ أَمَّا أَبُو طَالِبٍ فَإِنَّهُ كَفَلَهُ وَ رَبَّاهُ وَ لَمْ يَزَلْ مُدَافِعاً عَنْهُ وَ مَانِعاً مِنْهُ فَلَمَّا قَبَضَ اللَّهُ أَبَا طَالِبٍ فَهَمَّ الْقَوْمُ وَ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَيْهِ لِيَقْتُلُوهُ
As for Abu Talib-as, he-as took his-saww responsibility, and nourished him-saww, and did not ceased to defend him-saww and guarding him-saww. When Allah-azwj Recalled Abu Talib-as, the people plotted and gathered against him-saww to kill him-saww.
فَهَاجَرَ إِلَى الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ تَبَوَّؤُا الدَّارَ وَ الْإِيمانَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ يُحِبُّونَ مَنْ هاجَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ لا يَجِدُونَ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ حاجَةً مِمَّا أُوتُوا وَ يُؤْثِرُونَ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ لَوْ كانَ بِهِمْ خَصاصَةٌ وَ مَنْ يُوقَ شُحَّ نَفْسِهِ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ
So he-saww emigrated to a people, and those who had the home (in Al-Medina), and had the Eman from before them, are loving the ones who emigrate to them, and they are not finding any need in their chests from what they give, and they are preferring (others) over their own selves, and even though there was extreme poverty with them. And one who preserves himself from stinginess, so those, they are the successful ones [59:9].
فَلَمْ يَقُمْ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ كَقِيَامِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَإِنَّهُ آزَرَهُ وَ وَقَاهُ بِنَفْسِهِ وَ نَامَ فِي مَضْجَعِهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ بَعْدُ مُتَمَسِّكاً بِأَطْرَافِ الثُّغُورِ وَ يُنَازِلُ الْأَبْطَالَ وَ لَا يَنْكُلُ عَنْ قَرْنٍ وَ لَا يُوَلِّي عَنْ جَيْشٍ مَنِيعُ الْقَلْبِ يُؤَمَّرُ عَلَى الْجَمِيعِ وَ لَا يُؤَمَّرُ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ أَشَدُّ النَّاسِ وَطْأَةً عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ أَعْظَمُهُمْ جِهَاداً فِي اللَّهِ وَ أَفْقَهُهُمْ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ وَ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ أَعْرَفُهُمْ بِالْحَلَالِ وَ الْحَرَامِ
There did not stand with Rasool-Allah-saww anyone from the Emigrants like the standing of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, for he-asws backed him-saww and saved him-saww by himself-asws and slept in his-saww bed. Then he-asws did not ceased to be with him-saww clinging to the edges of the battles, and the destroying the heroes, and not deviating away from a pair, nor did he-saww place in charge of an army, invincible of heart, commanding upon the entirety, and no one was in command upon him-asws of stronger trampling upon the Polytheists, and their mightiest of Jihad in the Way of Allah-azwj, and their most understanding in the religion of Allah-azwj, and their most well-read of the Book of Allah-azwj, and their most recognising with the Permissibles and the Prohibitions.
وَ هُوَ صَاحِبُ الْوَلَايَةِ فِي حَدِيثِ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ وَ صَاحِبُ قَوْلِهِ أَنْتَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي وَ صَاحِبُ يَوْمِ الطَّائِفِ
And he-asws is owner of the Wilayah in the Hadeeth of Ghadeer Khumm, and owner of his-saww words, ‘You-asws are from me-saww at the status of Haroun-as from Musa-as except there will be no Prophet-as after me-saww’, and owner of the day of Al-Taif (when he-saww whispered to him-asws besides the other people).
وَ كَانَ أَحَبَّ الْخَلْقِ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ صَاحِبَ الْبَابِ فُتِحَ لَهُ وَ سُدَّ أَبْوَابُ الْمَسْجِدِ وَ هُوَ صَاحِبُ الرَّايَةِ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ وَ صَاحِبُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبْدِ وُدٍّ فِي الْمُبَارَزَةِ وَ أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حِينَ آخَى بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ هُوَ مَنِيعٌ جَزِيلٌ
And he-asws was the most beloved of the creatures to Allah-azwj the Exalted, and to Rasool-Allah-saww, and owner of the door, it was kept open for him-asws while the (other) doors to the Majid were closed off, and he-asws is owner of the flag on the day of Khyber, and the one who duelled against Amro Bin Abd Wudd, and he-asws is brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww when he-saww established brotherhood between the Muslims, and he-asws is immensely invincible.
وَ هُوَ صَاحِبُ آيَةِ وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ عَلى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِيناً وَ يَتِيماً وَ أَسِيراً وَ هُوَ زَوْجُ فَاطِمَةَ سَيِّدَةِ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ وَ سَيِّدَةِ نِسَاءِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ هُوَ خَتَنُ خَدِيجَةَ ع وَ هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص رَبَّاهُ وَ كَفَلَهُ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فِي نُصْرَتِهِ وَ جِهَادِهِ
And he-asws is over of the Verse: And they fed the food to a poor, and an orphan and a captive out of love (for Allah), [76:8] And they fed the food to a poor, and an orphan and a captive [76:8], and he-asws is husband of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, chieftess of women of the worlds, and chieftess of women of the people of Paradise, and he-asws is son-in-law of Khadeeja-as, and he-asws is son-asws of uncle-as of Rasool-Allah-saww. He-as nourished him-asws, and took his-asws responsibility, and he-asws is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, in helping him-saww, and his-asws Jihad.
وَ هُوَ نَفْسُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي يَوْمِ الْمُبَاهَلَةِ وَ هُوَ الَّذِي لَمْ يَكُنْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ يُنْفِذَانِ حُكْماً حَتَّى يَسْأَلَانِهِ عَنْهُ فَمَا رَأَى إِنْفَاذَهُ أَنْفَذَاهُ وَ مَا لَمْ يَرَهُ رَدَّاهُ وَ هُوَ دَخَلَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فِي الشُّورَى وَ لَعَمْرِي لَوْ قَدَرَ أَصْحَابُهُ عَلَى دَفْعِهِ عَنْهُ ع كَمَا دُفِعَ الْعَبَّاسُ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ وَجَدُوا إِلَى ذَلِكَ سَبِيلًا لَدَفَعُوهُ
And he-asws is ‘self’ of Rasool-Allah-saww during the day of Imprecation (Al-Mubahila), and he-asws is the one who Abu Bakr and Umar were not implementing a ruling until they had asked him-asws about it. So whatever he-asws viewed its implementation they implemented it, and whatever he-asws did not view so, they rejected it. And from the clan of Hashim-as, he-asws entered into the consultation. And by my life! If his-asws companions had been able upon pushing him-asws away, like what they had pushed away Al Abbas, may the Pleasure of Allah-azwj be upon him, and they could have found a way to that, they would have pushed him-asws away.
فَأَمَّا تَقْدِيمُكُمُ الْعَبَّاسَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ أَ جَعَلْتُمْ سِقايَةَ الْحاجِّ وَ عِمارَةَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرامِ كَمَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَ جاهَدَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لا يَسْتَوُونَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ
As for your advancing Al-Abbas over him-asws, Allah-azwj the Exalted is Saying: Are you considering the quencher of the pilgrims and the maintainer of the Sacred Masjid as being the like the one who believes in Allah and the Last Day and fights in the Way of Allah? They are not equal in the Presence of Allah; [9:19].
وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ كَانَ مَا فِي أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنَ الْمَنَاقِبِ وَ الْفَضَائِلِ وَ الْآيِ الْمُفَسِّرَةِ فِي الْقُرْآنِ خَلَّةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ فِي رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ رِجَالِكُمْ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ لَكَانَ مُسْتَأْهِلًا مُتَأَهِّلًا لِلْخِلَافَةِ مُقَدَّماً عَلَى أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ بِتِلْكَ الْخَلَّةِ
By Allah-azwj! Whatever is in Amir Al-Momineen-asws from the virtues and the merits and the interpretation of the Verses of the Quran, if there had been even one quality in one man from your men, or someone else, he would be qualified as being rightful for the caliphate, advancing over the companions of Rasool-Allah-azwj due to that (one) quality.
ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلِ الْأُمُورُ تَتَرَاقَى بِهِ إِلَى أَنْ وَلِيَ أُمُورَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلَمْ يَعْنِ بِأَحَدٍ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ إِلَّا بِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ تَعْظِيماً لِحَقِّهِ وَ صِلَةً لِرَحِمِهِ وَ ثِقَةً بِهِ فَكَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ الَّذِي يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَهُ
Then the affairs did not cease to rise with him-asws until he-asws was in charge of the affairs of the Muslims. But he was not assisted by anyone from the clan of Hashim-as except by Abdullah Bin Abbas, as a reverence to his-asws rights, and connecting his-asws kinship, and trusting him-asws. So, it happened from his-asws matter which Allah-azwj Forgave him.
ثُمَّ نَحْنُ وَ هُمْ يَدٌ وَاحِدَةٌ كَمَا زَعَمْتُمْ حَتَّى قَضَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِالْأَمْرِ إِلَيْنَا فَأَخَفْنَاهُمْ وَ ضَيَّقْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ وَ قَتَلْنَاهُمْ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ قَتْلِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ إِيَّاهُمْ وَيْحَكُمْ إِنَّ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ إِنَّمَا قَتَلُوا مِنْهُمْ مَنْ سَلَّ سَيْفاً وَ إِنَّا مَعْشَرَ بَنِي الْعَبَّاسِ قَتَلْنَاهُمْ جُمَلًا
Then us and them-asws are one hand, like what you are claiming, until Allah-azwj the Exalted Decreed with the command to come to us. So we frightened them-asws and restricted upon them-asws and killed them-asws more than what the clan of Umayya had killed them-asws. But rather, they had killed from them, the one who had unsheathed a sword, and we the community of Abbasids killed them totally.
فَلَتُسْأَلَنَّ أَعْظُمُ الْهَاشِمِيَّةِ بِأَيِّ ذَنْبٍ قُتِلَتْ وَ لَتُسْأَلَنَّ نُفُوسٌ أُلْقِيَتْ فِي دِجْلَةَ وَ الْفُرَاتِ وَ نُفُوسٌ دُفِنَتْ بِبَغْدَادَ وَ الْكُوفَةِ أَحْيَاءً هَيْهَاتَ إِنَّهُ مَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْراً يَرَهُ وَ مَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ
You ask the greatest Hashemites for which sin she was killed, and you ask the souls thrown in (the rivers) Tigris and the Euphrates, and souls which were buried alive at Baghdad and Al Kufa! Far be it! So, one who had done good of the weight of a particle would see it [99:7] And one who had done evil of the weight of a particle would see it [9:8].
وَ أَمَّا مَا وَصَفْتُمْ فِي أَمْرِ الْمَخْلُوعِ وَ مَا كَانَ فِيهِ مِنْ لُبْسٍ فَلَعَمْرِي مَا لَبَّسَ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُكُمْ إِذْ هَوَيْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ النَّكْثَ وَ زَيَّنْتُمْ لَهُ الْغَدْرَ وَ قُلْتُمْ لَهُ مَا عَسَى أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْ أَمْرِ أَخِيكَ وَ هُوَ رَجُلٌ مُغَرَّبٌ وَ مَعَكَ الْأَمْوَالُ وَ الرِّجَالُ نَبْعَثُ إِلَيْهِ فَيُؤْتَى بِهِ
And as for what you described regarding the matter of the deposed (Muhammad Al-Ameen), and what happened regarding him, of its confusion, by my life! No one confused upon him apart form you all, when you had fanned the breaking (of allegiance) against him, and adorned the treachery for him, and you said to him, ‘Perhaps it is from the affair of your brother, and he is an exiled man and with you is the wealth and the men. We can send to him, and they will come with him’.
فَكَذَّبْتُمْ وَ دَبَّرْتُمْ وَ نَسِيتُمْ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ مَنْ … بُغِيَ عَلَيْهِ لَيَنْصُرَنَّهُ اللَّهُ-
You lied and plotted, and you forgot the Word of Allah-azwj the Exalted: And the one who is rebelled against, Allah will Help him. [22:60].
وَ أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتُمْ مِنِ اسْتِبْصَارِ الْمَأْمُونِ فِي الْبَيْعَةِ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع فَمَا بَايَعَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ إِلَّا مُسْتَبْصِراً فِي أَمْرِهِ عَالِماً بِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا أَبْيَنَ فَضْلًا وَ لَا أَظْهَرَ عِفَّةً وَ لَا أَوْرَعَ وَرَعاً وَ لَا أَزْهَدَ زُهْداً فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ لَا أَطْلَقَ نَفْساً وَ لَا أَرْضَى فِي الْخَاصَّةِ وَ الْعَامَّةِ وَ لَا أَشَدَّ فِي ذَاتِ اللَّهِ مِنْهُ
And as for what you mentioned from the insight of Al-Mamoun in taking the allegiance for Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, Al-Mamoun did not take allegiance for him-asws except being insightful regarding his-asws matter, knowing that there did not remain anyone upon its back of more clear merits, nor more apparent chastity, nor of more devout devoutness, nor more ascetic of ascetism in the world, nor of freer soul, nor more honourable among the special and the general ones, nor stronger regarding the Self of Allah-azwj than him-asws.
وَ أَنَّ الْبَيْعَةَ لَهُ لَمُوَافِقَةٌ رِضَا الرَّبِّ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَقَدْ جَهَدْتُ وَ مَا أَجِدُ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ وَ لَعَمْرِي أَنْ لَوْ كَانَتْ بَيْعَتِي بَيْعَةَ مُحَابَاةٍ لَكَانَ الْعَبَّاسُ ابْنِي وَ سَائِرُ وُلْدِي أَحَبَّ إِلَى قَلْبِي وَ أَجْلَى فِي عَيْنِي وَ لَكِنْ أَرَدْتُ أَمْراً وَ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَمْراً فَلَمْ يَسْبِقْ أَمْرِي أَمْرَ اللَّهِ
And the allegiance for him-asws is concordant with Pleasure of the Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and I have struggled and could not find regarding Allah-azwj the blame of a blamer. And by my life! If my allegiance was allegiance of prejudice, then my son Al-Abbas and rest of my sons ware more beloved to me and more majestic in my eyes. But I wanted a matter, and Allah-azwj Wanted a matter, so my order cannot precede a Command of Allah-azwj.
وَ أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتُمْ مِمَّا مَسَّكُمْ مِنَ الْجَفَاءِ فِي وَلَايَتِي فَلَعَمْرِي مَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا مِنْكُمْ بِمُظَافَرَتِكْم عَلَيْهِ وَ مُمَايَلَتِكُمْ إِيَّاهُ فَلَمَّا قَتَلْتُهُ وَ تَفَرَّقْتُمْ عَبَادِيدَ فَطَوْراً أَتْبَاعاً لِابْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ وَ طَوْراً أَتْبَاعاً لِأَعْرَابِيٍّ وَ طَوْراً أَتْبَاعاً لِابْنِ شَكْلَةَ
And as for what you mentioned from what has touched you from the disloyalty in my governance, so by my life! That did not happen except from you all, due to your winning upon him and your inclining him. When you killed him and divided the servants, at times you follow Ibn Abu Khalid, and at times you followed the Bedouin and at times you follow Ibn Shakalah.
ثُمَّ لِكُلِّ مَنْ سَلَّ سَيْفاً عَلَيَّ وَ لَوْ لَا أَنَّ شِيمَتِيَ الْعَفْوُ وَ طَبِيعَتِيَ التَّجَاوُزُ مَا تَرَكْتُ عَلَى وَجْهِهَا مِنْكُمْ أَحَداً فَكُلُّكُمْ حَلَالُ الدَّمِ مُحِلٌّ بِنَفْسِهِ
Then, for everyone who unsheathed a sword against me, and even though my habit is to pardon, and my nature is to overlook, I will not leave anyone of you upon its surface, for all of you are of permissible blood, permitting for himself.
وَ أَمَّا مَا سَأَلْتُمْ مِنَ الْبَيْعَةِ لِلْعَبَّاسِ ابْنِي أَ تَسْتَبْدِلُونَ الَّذِي هُوَ أَدْنى بِالَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ وَيْلَكُمْ إِنَّ الْعَبَّاسَ غُلَامٌ حَدَثُ السِّنِّ وَ لَمْ يُؤْنَسْ رُشْدُهُ وَ لَمْ يُمْهَلْ وَحْدَهُ وَ لَمْ تُحْكِمْهُ التَّجَارِبُ تُدَبِّرُهُ النِّسَاءُ وَ تَكْفُلُهُ الْإِمَاءُ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَتَفَقَّهْ فِي الدِّينِ وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفْ حَلَالًا مِنْ حَرَامٍ إِلَّا مَعْرِفَةً لَا تَأْتِي بِهِ رَعِيَّةٌ وَ لَا تَقُومُ بِهِ حُجَّةٌ
And as for what you asked from the allegiance to be for my son Al Abbas, ‘Will you be replacing by that which is worse, for that which is better? [2:61]. Woe be unto you all! Al-Abbas is a boy of young age, and his senses are not developed (yet), and he has not been left alone to decided, and experience the temptations orchestrated by the women, and the maids are taking care of him. Then he has not pondered in the religion and does not know the Permissible from the Prohibition, except for the knowledge that the citizens should not be doing it, nor can an argument stand with him.
وَ لَوْ كَانَ مُسْتَأْهِلًا قَدْ أَحْكَمَتْهُ التَّجَارِبُ وَ تَفَقَّهَ فِي الدِّينِ وَ بَلَغَ مَبْلَغَ أَمِيرِ الْعَدْلِ فِي الزُّهْدِ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ صَرَفَ النَّفْسَ عَنْهَا مَا كَانَ لَهُ عِنْدِي فِي الْخِلَافَةِ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ عَكٍّ وَ حِمْيَرٍ
And it he was rightful, the experience having made him wiser, and pondering in the religion and he had reached the reaching of the just ruler in the ascetism in the world, and turning the soul away from it, there (still) would not have been with me for him regarding the caliphate except what was for a man from Akk and Himeyr.
فَلَا تُكْثِرُوا فِي هَذَا الْمَقَالِ فَإِنَّ لِسَانِي لَمْ يَزَلْ مَخْزُوناً عَنْ أُمُورٍ وَ أَنْبَاءٍ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ تَخْنُثَ النُّفُوسُ عِنْدَ مَا تَنْكَشِفُ عِلْماً بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ بَالِغُ أَمْرِهِ وَ مُظْهِرُ قَضَاهُ يَوْماً فَإِذَا أَبَيْتُمْ إِلَّا كَشْفَ الْغِطَاءِ وَ قَشْرَ الْعَظَاءِ فَالرَّشِيدُ أَخْبَرَنِي عَنْ آبَائِهِ وَ عَمَّا وَجَدَ فِي كِتَابِ الدَّوْلَةِ وَ غَيْرِهَا أَنَّ السَّابِعَ مِنْ وُلْدِ الْعَبَّاسِ لَا تَقُومُ لِبَنِي الْعَبَّاسِ بَعْدَهُ قَائِمَةٌ وَ لَا تَزَالُ النِّعْمَةُ مُتَعَلِّقَةً عَلَيْهِمْ بِحَيَاتِهِ
So do not frequent in these talks, for my tongue has not ceased to be a hoard of matters and abhorrent news of perverted souls at what would uncover knowledge that Allah-azwj would Accomplish His-azwj Command, and one day His-azwj Decree would be revealed. When you are refusing except uncovering the lid and peeling the lizard, so Al Rasheed informed me from his forefathers, and about what he had found in a letter of the state and other such, that the seventh from the sons of Al-Abbas, no one of from the Abbasids would stand after him, and the Bounties would not cease to be attached upon them during his lifetime.
فَإِذَا أَوْدَعْتَ فَوَدِّعْهَا فَإِذَا أَوْدَعَ فَوَدِّعَاهَا وَ إِذَا فَقَدْتُمْ شَخْصِي فَاطْلُبُوا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ مَعْقِلًا وَ هَيْهَاتَ مَا لَكُمْ إِلَّا السَّيْفَ يَأْتِيكُمُ الْحَسَنِيُّ الثَّائِرُ الْبَائِرُ فَيَحْصُدُكُمْ حَصْداً أَوِ السُّفْيَانِيُّ الْمُرْغَمُ وَ الْقَائِمُ الْمَهْدِيُّ يَحْقُنُ دِمَاءَكُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا
When I have bidden farewell to it, so bid farewell to it. When he bids farewell to it, so bid farewell to it, and when you lose my person, then seek a stronghold for yourselves. And far be it! There is nothing for you all except the sword. The Hassanid rebel, the righteous would come to you and cut you down like harvest, or Al-Sufyani the forceful, and Al-Qaim-asws Al-Mahdi-asws, saving your blood only by its right.
وَ أَمَّا مَا كُنْتُ أَرَدْتُهُ مِنَ الْبَيْعَةِ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى بَعْدَ اسْتِحْقَاقٍ مِنْهُ لَهَا فِي نَفْسِهِ وَ اخْتِيَارٍ مِنِّي لَهُ فَمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنِّي إِلَّا أَنْ أَكُونَ الْحَاقِنَ لِدِمَائِكُمْ وَ الذَّائِدَ عَنْكُمْ بِاسْتِدَامَةِ الْمَوَدَّةِ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ هِيَ الطَّرِيقُ أَسْلُكُهَا فِي إِكْرَامِ آلِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ مُوَاسَاتِهِمْ فِي الْفَيْءِ بِيَسِيرِ مَا يُصِيبُهُمْ مِنْهُ
And as for what you had wanted from the allegiance for Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws after the rightfulness from him-asws for it regarding himself-asws, and a choice from me for him-asws, so that did not happen from me except I became the saviour of your blood, and your defended due to the permanent cordiality between us and them. And it is the path I am travelling it in honouring the Progeny of Abu Talib-as and their consolation regarding the war booty by a little of what had they had been afflicted from it.
وَ إِنْ تَزْعُمُوا أَنِّي أَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَئُولَ إِلَيْهِمْ عَاقِبَةٌ وَ مَنْفَعَةٌ فَإِنِّي فِي تَدْبِيرِكُمْ وَ النَّظَرِ لَكُمْ وَ لِعَقَبِكُمْ وَ أَبْنَائِكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ سَاهُونَ لَاهُونَ تَائِهُونَ فِي غَمْرَةٍ تَعْمَهُونَ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ مَا يُرَادُ بِكُمْ وَ مَا أَظْلَلْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ النَّقِمَةِ وَ ابْتِزَازِ النِّعْمَةِ
And if you are claiming that I intended the end-result and the benefits to go to them, so I am in your management, and the looking out for you all, and for your posterity, and your sons from after you, while you are heedless, playing around, drifting in the midst of your blindness. You are not knowing what is being intended with you, and what scourges your are being shaded upon with, and the destruction of the bounties.
هِمَّةُ أَحَدِكُمْ أَنْ يُمْسِيَ مَرْكُوباً وَ يُصْبِحَ مَخْمُوراً تُبَاهُونَ بِالْمَعَاصِي وَ تَبْتَهِجُونَ بِهَا وَ آلِهَتُكُمْ الْبَرَابِطُ مُخَنَّثُونَ مُؤَنَّثُونَ لَا يَتَفَكَّرُ مُتَفَكِّرٌ مِنْكُمْ فِي إِصْلَاحِ مَعِيشَةٍ وَ لَا اسْتِدَامَةِ نِعْمَةٍ وَ لَا اصْطِنَاعِ مَكْرُمَةٍ وَ لَا كَسْبِ حَسَنَةٍ يَمُدُّ بِهَا عُنُقَهُ يَوْمَ لا يَنْفَعُ مالٌ وَ لا بَنُونَ إِلَّا مَنْ أَتَى اللَّهَ بِقَلْبٍ سَلِيمٍ
The main concern of one of you is that in the evening he rides and becoming intoxicated, boasting with the acts of disobedience, and rejoicing with these, and your gods are bound, eunuchs, female. Neither does a thinking one from you is thinking in bettering a livelihood, nor to make a bounty permanent, nor doing anything honourable, nor earning good deeds he can extend his neck with it, On a Day neither wealth nor sons would be of benefit [26:88] Except one who comes to Allah with an unblemished heart [26:89].
أَضَعْتُمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَ اتَّبَعْتُمُ الشَّهَوَاتِ وَ أَكْبَبْتُمْ عَلَى اللَّذَّاتِ عَنِ النَّغَمَاتِ فَسَوْفَ تَلْقَوْنَ غَيّاً وَ ايْمُ اللَّهِ لَرُبَّمَا أُفَكِّرُ فِي أَمْرِكُمْ فَلَا أَجِدُ أُمَّةً مِنَ الْأُمَمِ اسْتَحَقُّوا الْعَذَابَ حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِهِمْ لِخَلَّةٍ مِنَ الْخِلَالِ إِلَّا أُصِيبَ تِلْكَ الْخَلَّةُ بِعَيْنِهَا فِيكُمْ مَعَ خِلَالٍ كَثِيرَةٍ
You are wasting the Salat and are pursuing the lustful desires and are devoting to the pleasures of the songs (melodies). Soon you shall be facing collapse (in Hell). And I swear by Allah-azwj! Sometimes I think about your affairs, and I cannot find any community from the communities more deserving of the Punishment until there had befallen them, due to a characteristic from the characteristics, except you have attained that very characteristic exactly among you, along with many (other such) characteristics.
لَمْ أَكُنْ أَظُنُّ أَنَّ إِبْلِيسَ اهْتَدَى إِلَيْهَا وَ لَا أَمَرَ بِالْعَمَلِ عَلَيْهَا وَ قَدْ أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي كِتَابِهِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ قَوْمِ صَالِحٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِيهِمْ تِسْعَةُ رَهْطٍ يُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ لا يُصْلِحُونَ فَأَيُّكُمْ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ تِسْعَةٌ وَ تِسْعُونَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ قَدِ اتَّخَذْتُمُوهُمْ شِعَاراً وَ دِثَاراً اسْتِخْفَافاً بِالْمَعَادِ وَ قِلَّةَ يَقِينٍ بِالْحِسَابِ وَ أَيُّكُمْ لَهُ رَأْيٌ يُتَّبَعُ أَوْ رَوِيَّةٌ تُنْفَرُ فَشَاهَتِ الْوُجُوهُ وَ عُفِّرَتِ الْخُدُودُ
I do not think that Iblees-la had guided to it, nor did he-la instruct with acting upon it, and Allah-azwj the Exalted has Informed in His-azwj Mighty Book about the people of Salih-as. Among them was a group of nine, making mischief in the land and they were not amending [27:48]. So which of you hasn’t got with him ninety-nine from the mischief-makers in the earth? You have taken them as slogans and blankets with the hostility and lack of conviction, and which one of you has a view for him, or repulsive vision, so his face is deformed, and the cheeks are spread?
وَ أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتُمْ مِنَ الْعَثْرَةِ كَانَتْ فِي أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع نَوَّرَ اللَّهُ وَجْهَهُ فَلَعَمْرِي إِنَّهَا عِنْدِي لَلنَّهْضَةُ وَ الِاسْتِقْلَالُ الَّذِي أَرْجُو بِهِ قَطْعَ الصِّرَاطِ وَ الْأَمْنَ وَ النَّجَاةَ مِنَ الْخَوْفِ يَوْمَ الْفَزَعِ الْأَكْبَرِ وَ لَا أَظُنُّ عَمِلْتُ عَمَلًا هُوَ عِنْدِي أَفْضَلُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ أَعُودَ بِمِثْلِهَا إِلَى مِثْلِهِ وَ أَيْنَ لِي بِذَلِكَ وَ أَنَّى لَكُمْ بِتِلْكَ السَّعَادَةِ
And as for what you mentioned of the stumble which happened regarding Abu Al-Hassan-asws, may Allah-azwj Radiate his-asws face, so by my life! In my presence, it is for the getting up and the independence which I am hoping with to cut across the Bridge and the safety and the salvation from the fear on the Day of great panic, and I don’t think there is any deed with me superior to that, except that I would repeat the like of it to its like. And where can it be for me with (doing) that? And I am for you all with that happiness.
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُكُمْ إِنِّي سَفِهْتُ آرَاءَ آبَائِكُمْ وَ أَحْلَامَ أَسْلَافِكُمْ فَكَذَلِكَ قَالَ مُشْرِكُو قُرَيْشٍ إِنَّا وَجَدْنا آباءَنا عَلى أُمَّةٍ وَ إِنَّا عَلى آثارِهِمْ مُقْتَدُونَ وَيْلَكُمْ إِنَّ الدِّينَ لَا يُؤْخَذُ إِلَّا مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ فَافْقَهُوا وَ مَا أَرَاكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ
And as for you words that I have stultified the opinions of your fathers and the dreams of your ancestors, so it is like that. The Qureysh Polytheists said: ‘We found our fathers upon a religion, and we are being rightly guided upon their footsteps’ [43:23]. Woe be unto you all! The religion cannot be taken except from the Prophets-as, so understand, and I do not see you using your intellects.
وَ أَمَّا تَعْيِيرُكُمْ إِيَّايَ بِسِيَاسَةِ الْمَجُوسِ إِيَّاكُمْ فَمَا أَذْهَبَكُمُ الْأَنَفَةُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ لَوْ سَاسَتْكُمُ الْقِرَدَةُ وَ الْخَنَازِيرُ مَا أَرَدْتُمْ إِلَّا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ لَعَمْرِي لَقَدْ كَانُوا مَجُوساً فَأَسْلَمُوا كَآبَائِنَا وَ أُمَّهَاتِنَا فِي الْقَدِيمِ فَهُمُ الْمَجُوسُ الَّذِينَ أَسْلَمُوا وَ أَنْتُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ الَّذِينَ ارْتَدُّوا-
And as for your faulting me with the politics of the Magians, beware! The expenses should not take you away from that, and even if you have power over the monkeys and the pigs. You do not intent except commander of the faithful, and by my life! They have become Magians. So become Muslims like your fathers and your mothers had done in the ancient times. They were the Magians, those who had become Muslims, while you are Muslims, those who have become apostates.
فَمَجُوسِيٌّ أَسْلَمَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ ارْتَدَّ فَهُمْ يَتَنَاهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ يَتَقَرَّبُونَ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَ يَتَبَاعَدُونَ مِنَ الشَّرِّ وَ يَذُبُّونَ عَنْ حَرَمِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَتَبَاهَجُونَ بِمَا نَالَ الشِّرْكَ وَ أَهْلَهُ مِنَ النُّكْرِ وَ يَتَبَاشَرُونَ بِمَا نَالَ الْإِسْلَامَ وَ أَهْلَهُ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ
A Magian who becomes a Muslims is better than a Muslims becoming an apostate. They are forbidding from the evil and are instructing with the acts of kindness, and they are drawing closer to the good and are distancing away from the evil, and they are pushing away from the sanctuary of Muslims rejoicing with it due to what the Shirk and its people had faced from the evil, and they are happy with what Al Islam and its people have faced from the good.
مِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَضى نَحْبَهُ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَنْتَظِرُ وَ ما بَدَّلُوا تَبْدِيلًا وَ لَيْسَ مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا لَاعِبٌ بِنَفْسِهِ مَأْفُونٌ فِي عَقْلِهِ وَ تَدْبِيرِهِ إِمَّا مُغَنٍّ أَوْ ضَارِبِ دَفٍّ أَوْ زَامِرٍ
From them is one who fulfilled his vow, and from them is one who awaits, and they did not change with any alteration [33:23], and there isn’t anyone among you all except he is playing with himself, there is little in his intellect and his management. Either he is singing or striking the tambourine, or a flute.
وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ الَّذِينَ قَتَلْتُمُوهُمْ بِالْأَمْسِ نُشِرُوا فَقِيلَ لَهُمْ لَا تَأْنَفُوا فِي مَعَايِبَ تَنَالُونَهُمْ بِهَا لَمَا زَادُوا عَلَى مَا صَيَّرْتُمُوهُ لَكُمْ شِعَاراً وَ دِثَاراً وَ صِنَاعَةً وَ أَخْلَاقاً لَيْسَ فِيكُمْ إِلَّا مَنْ إِذَا مَسَّهُ الشَّرُّ جَزِعَ وَ إِذَا مَسَّهُ الْخَيْرُ مَنَعَ
By Allah-azwj! If the clan of Umayya, those whom you had killed yesterday, were to be Resurrected, and it is said to them, ‘Do not be disdainful in the faults which you were seized with’, they would not increase upon what you have come to, slogan, and covering, and making and manners. There isn’t anyone among you all except one, when the evil touches him, he panics, and when the good touches him, he prevents.
وَ لَا تَأْنَفُونَ وَ لَا تَرْجِعُونَ إِلَّا خَشْيَةً وَ كَيْفَ يَأْنَفُ مَنْ يَبِيتُ مَرْكُوباً وَ يُصْبِحُ بِإِثْمِهِ مُعْجَباً كَأَنَّهُ قَدِ اكْتَسَبَ حَمْداً غَايَتُهُ بَطْنُهُ وَ فَرْجُهُ لَا يُبَالِي أَنْ يَنَالَ شَهْوَتَهُ بِقَتْلِ أَلْفِ نَبِيٍّ مُرْسَلٍ أَوْ مَلَكٍ مُقَرَّبٍ
And neither resent nor turn back except fearing. And how can he walk away from one who spends the night worried, and, in the morning, he is wondering with his sins, as if he had earned a praise. His peak (main concern) is his belly and his private parts. He does not care if he has to take to an evil by killing a thousand Sent Prophets-as, or an Angel of Proximity.
أَحَبُّ النَّاسِ إِلَيْهِ مَنْ زَيَّنَ لَهُ مَعْصِيَةً أَوْ أَعَانَهُ فِي فَاحِشَةٍ تُنَظِّفُهُ الْمَخْمُورَةُ وَ تَرْبُدُهُ الْمَطْمُورَةُ فَشَتَّتِ الْأَحْوَالُ فَإِنِ ارْتَدَعْتُمْ مِمَّا أَنْتُمْ فِيهِ مِنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ وَ الْفَضَائِحِ وَ مَا تَهْذَرُونَ بِهِ مِنْ عَذَابِ أَلْسِنَتِكُمْ وَ إِلَّا فَدُونَكُمْ تُعْلَوْا بِالْحَدِيدِ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ وَ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكُّلِي وَ هُوَ حَسْبِي.
The most beloved of the people to him is one who can adorn an act of disobedience to him or assist him in an immorality. His cleansing is to be the intoxicated, and his cooling is to be rained upon. So the situations are scattered. If you were to return from what you are indulging in from the evil deeds and the scandals, and what you are being cautioned with from the punishment of your tongues (fine), or else you will all be raised by the iron. And there is not strength except with Allah-azwj, and upon Him-azwj is my reliance, and He-azwj Suffices me’’.[67]
باب 16 أحوال أزواجه و أولاده و إخوانه ع و عشائره و ما جرى بينه و بينهم صلوات الله عليه
CHAPTER 16 – SITUATIONS OF HIS-asws WIVES, AND HIS-asws CHILDREN, AND HIS-asws BROTHERS, AND HIS-asws CLAN, AND WHAT FLOWED BETWEEN HIM-asws AND THEM, MAY THE SALAWAAT OF ALLAH-azwj BE UPON HIM-asws
1- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنِ الصُّولِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُبْدُونٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا جِيءَ بِزَيْدِ بْنِ مُوسَى أَخِي الرِّضَا ع إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ وَ قَدْ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ وَ أَحْرَقَ دُورَ الْعَبَّاسِيِّينَ وَ ذَلِكَ فِي سَنَةِ تِسْعٍ وَ تِسْعِينَ وَ مِائَةٍ فَسُمِّيَ زَيْدُ النَّارِ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Bayhaqi, from Al Sowly, from Muhammad Bin Yazeed Al Nahwy, from Ibn Abu Abdoun, from his father who said,
‘When they came with Zayd son of Musa-asws, brother of Al-Reza-asws, to Al-Mamoun, and he had gone out to Al-Basra, and burned down the houses of the Abbasids, and that was during the year one hundred and ninety-nine. So he was named as ‘Zayd the fire’.
قَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ يَا زَيْدُ خَرَجْتَ بِالْبَصْرَةِ وَ تَرَكْتَ أَنْ تَبْدَأَ بِدُورِ أَعْدَائِنَا مِنْ أُمَيَّةَ وَ ثَقِيفٍ وَ غَنِيٍّ وَ بَاهِلَةَ وَ آلِ زِيَادٍ وَ قَصَدْتَ دُورَ بَنِي عَمِّكَ
Al-Mamoun said to him, ‘O Zayd! You came out (in rebellion) at Al-Basra, and you neglected beginning with the houses of our enemies from (clans of) Umayya, and Saqeef, and Ghany, and Bahila, and the progeny of Ziyad, and (instead) you aimed for the houses of the sons of your uncle!’
فَقَالَ وَ كَانَ مَزَّاحاً أَخْطَأْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ كُلِّ جِهَةٍ وَ إِنْ عُدْتُ بَدَأْتُ بِأَعْدَائِنَا
He said, and he was mocking, ‘I was mistaken, O commander of the faithful, from every aspect, and if I were to return, I shall begin with our enemies’.
فَضَحِكَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ بَعَثَ بِهِ إِلَى أَخِيهِ الرِّضَا ع وَ قَالَ لَهُ قَدْ وَهَبْتُ جُرْمَهُ لَكَ فَلَمَّا جَاءُوا بِهِ عَنَّفَهُ وَ خَلَّى سَبِيلَهُ وَ حَلَفَ أَنْ لَا يُكَلِّمَهُ أَبَداً مَا عَاشَ.
‘Al-Mamoun laughed and had him sent to his brother-asws Al-Reza-asws and said to him-asws, ‘I have gifted his crimes for you-asws!’ When they came with him, he-asws hugged him and freed his way and swore that he-asws would not speak to him, ever, for as long as he-asws lives’’.[68]
وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْخَيْرِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ النَّسَّابَةُ عَنْ مَشَايِخِهِ أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ مُوسَى ع كَانَ يُنَادِمُ الْمُنْتَصِرَ وَ كَانَ فِي لِسَانِهِ فَضْلٌ وَ كَانَ زَيْدِيّاً وَ كَانَ زَيْدٌ هَذَا يَنْزِلُ بَغْدَادَ عَلَى نَهْرِ كَرْخَايَا وَ هُوَ الَّذِي كَانَ بِالْكُوفَةِ أَيَّامَ أَبِي السَّرَايَا فَوَلَّاهُ
And it is narrated to me by Abu Al Khayr Ali Bin Ahmad Al Nassabah, from his elders,
‘Zayd son of Musa-asws was regretting the conquest, and there was merit in his tongue, and he was a Zaydite, and this Zayd descended at Baghdad at rive Karkhaya, and it is which was at Al-Kufa in the days of Abu Al-Saraya.
فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ أَبُو السَّرَايَا تَفَرَّقَ الطَّالِبِيُّونَ فَتَوَارَى بَعْضُهُمْ بِبَغْدَادَ وَ بَعْضُهُمْ بِالْكُوفَةِ وَ صَارَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَ كَانَ مِمَّنْ تَوَارَى زَيْدُ بْنُ مُوسَى هَذَا فَطَلَبَهُ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ حَتَّى دُلَّ عَلَيْهِ فَأُتِيَ بِهِ فَحَبَسَهُ
When Abu Al-Saraya was killed, the Talibeen dispersed. Some of them went into hiding at Baghdad, and some of them at Al-Kufa, and some of them came to Al-Medina, and from the ones who went into hiding was this Zayd son of Musa-asws. Al-Hassan Bin Sahl sought him until he was pointed upon him. He came with him and imprisoned him.
ثُمَّ أَحْضَرَهُ عَلَى أَنْ يَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ وَ جَرَّدَ السَّيَّافُ السَّيْفَ فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنْهُ لِيَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ وَ كَانَ حَضَرَ هُنَاكَ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ خَيْثَمَةَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ إِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ لَا تَعْجَلَ وَ تَدْعُوَنِي فَإِنَّ عِنْدِي نَصِيحَةً فَفَعَلَ وَ أَمْسَكَ السَّيَّافُ
Then he presented him for his neck to be struck off, and the executioner bared his sword. When he went near him in order to strike off his neck, and Al-Hajjaj Bin Khaysama was present there, he said, ‘O you governor! If you see fit not to be hasty and leave me, for there is advise with me’. He did not (strike) and the executioner withheld.
فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنْهُ قَالَ أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ أَتَاكَ بِمَا تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَفْعَلَهُ أَمْرٌ مِنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَعَلَامَ تَقْتُلُ ابْنَ عَمِّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ غَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ وَ أَمْرِهِ وَ اسْتِطْلَاعِ رَأْيِهِ فِيهِ
When he went near him, he said, ‘O governor! I have come to you with what you want, if you were to do it, (you would have) authority from commander of the faithful’. He said, ‘No’. He said, ‘Based upon what are you killing a cousin of commander of the faithful, from without his permission and his order, and notification of his view in it?’
ثُمَّ حَدَّثَهُ بِحَدِيثِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْأَفْطَسِ وَ أَنَّ الرَّشِيدَ حَبَسَهُ عِنْدَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ يَحْيَى فَأَقْدَمَ عَلَيْهِ جَعْفَرٌ فَقَتَلَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَمْرِهِ وَ بَعَثَ بِرَأْسِهِ إِلَيْهِ فِي طَبَقٍ مَعَ هَدَايَا النَّيْرُوزِ وَ إِنَّ الرَّشِيدَ لَمَّا أَمَرَ مَسْرُورَ الْكَبِيرِ بِقَتْلِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ يَحْيَى قَالَ لَهُ إِذَا سَأَلَكَ جَعْفَرٌ عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ الَّذِي تَقْتُلُهُ بِهِ فَقُلْ لَهُ إِنَّمَا أَقْتُلُكَ بِابْنِ عَمِّي ابْنِ الْأَفْطَسِ الَّذِي قَتَلْتَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَمْرِي
Then he discussed with him a narration of Abu Abdullah Bin Al-Aftas, and that Al-Rasheed had imprisoned him with Ja’far Bin Yahya, so Ja’far advanced to him and killed him from without his orders and had sent his head to him in a tray, along with gifts of Al-Neyrouz (Persian new year), and that when Al-Rasheed ordered Masrour Al-Kabeer with killing Ja’far Bin Yahya, said to him, ‘When Ja’far asks you about his sin (crime) due to which he is being killed, then say to him, ‘But rather I am killing you due to my cousin Al-Aftas whom you killed without my order’’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ خَيْثَمَةَ لِلْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ أَ فَتَأْمَنُ أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ حَادِثَةً تَحْدُثُ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ قَدْ قَتَلْتَ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ فَيَحْتَجُّ عَلَيْكَ بِمِثْلِ مَا احْتَجَّ بِهِ الرَّشِيدُ عَلَى جَعْفَرِ بْنِ يَحْيَى
Then Al-Hajjaj Bin Khaysama said to Al-Hassan Bin Sahl, ‘Will be safe, O governor, if an event were to occur between you and commander of the faithful, and you had killed this man, so he would argue against you with similar to what Al-Rasheed had argued with against Ja’far Bin Yahya?’
فَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ لِلْحَجَّاجِ جَزَاكَ اللَّهُ خَيْراً ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِرَفْعِ زَيْدٍ وَ أَنْ يُرَدَّ إِلَى مَحْبَسِهِ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ مَحْبُوساً إِلَى أَنْ أُظْهِرَ أَمْرُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْمَهْدِيِّ فَجَسَرَ أَهْلُ بَغْدَادَ بِالْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ فَأَخْرَجُوهُ عَنْهَا فَلَمْ يَزَلْ مَحْبُوساً حَتَّى حُمِلَ إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَبَعَثَ بِهِ إِلَى أَخِيهِ الرِّضَا ع فَأَطْلَقَهُ وَ عَاشَ زَيْدُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع إِلَى آخِرِ خِلَافَةِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ وَ مَاتَ بِسُرَّمَنْرَأَى.
Al-Hassan said to Al-Hajjaj, ‘May Allah Recompense you goodly!’ Then he ordered with raising Zayd and returning him to his prison. He did not cease to be imprisoned until the matter of Ibrahim Bin Al-Mahdi appeared. The people of Baghdad were audacious with Al-Hassan Bin Sahl and extracted him from it. He did not cease to be imprisoned until he was carried to Al-Mamoun. He had him sent to his brother-asws Al-Reza-asws. He-asws freed him, and Zayd son of Musa Abu Al-Hassan-asws lived up to the end of the caliphate of Al-Mutawakkal and died at Surmanrayy’’.[69]
2- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ وَ ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ وَ الْهَمَدَانِيُّ جَمِيعاً عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي يَاسِرٌ أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ زَيْدُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَخُو أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَ أَحْرَقَ وَ قَتَلَ وَ كَانَ يُسَمَّى زَيْدَ النَّارِ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَأْمُونُ فَأُسِرَ وَ حُمِلَ إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ اذْهَبُوا بِهِ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Majaylawiya and Ibn Al Mutawakkal and Al Hamdany, altogether from Ali, from his father who said,
‘It is narrated to me by Yasir that Zayd son of Musa-asws, brother of Abu Al-Hassan-asws, rebelled at Al-Medina, and burnt, and killed, and he was named as ‘Zayd the fire’. Al-Mamoun sent (soldiers) to him and he was made a captive and carried to Al-Mamoun. Al-Mamoun said, ‘Go with him to Abu Al-Hassan-asws!’
قَالَ يَاسِرٌ فَلَمَّا أُدْخِلَ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع يَا زَيْدُ أَ غَرَّكَ قَوْلُ سَفِلَةِ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَهَا فَحَرَّمَ اللَّهُ ذُرِّيَّتَهَا عَلَى النَّارِ ذَاكَ لِلْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع خَاصَّةً
Yasir said, ‘When he was entered to see him-asws, Abu Al-Hassan-asws said to him: ‘O Zayd! The word of the lowly ones of the people of Al-Kufa, ‘Fatima-asws had guarded her-asws chastity, so Allah-azwj Prohibited her-asws offspring unto the Fire (of Hell)’, that is (only) for Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws in particular.
إِنْ كُنْتَ تَرَى أَنَّكَ تَعْصِي اللَّهَ وَ تَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ وَ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ع أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ وَ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَأَنْتَ إِذاً أَكْرَمُ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ اللَّهِ مَا يَنَالُ أَحَدٌ مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَّا بِطَاعَتِهِ وَ زَعَمْتَ أَنَّكَ تَنَالُهُ بِمَعْصِيَتِهِ فَبِئْسَ مَا زَعَمْتَ
If you are viewing that you can disobey Allah-azwj and (still) enter the Paradise, and Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws obeyed Allah-azwj and entered the Paradise, (you think) that you would be more honourable to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic than Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws. By Allah-azwj! No one can attain what is in the Presence of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic except by his obedience, while you are claiming that you can attain it by disobeying Him-azwj. Evil is what you are claiming!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ زَيْدٌ أَنَا أَخُوكَ وَ ابْنُ أَبِيكَ
Zayd said to him-asws, ‘I am your-asws brother and son of your-asws father-asws!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع أَنْتَ أَخِي مَا أَطَعْتَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنَّ نُوحاً ع قَالَ رَبِّ إِنَّ ابْنِي مِنْ أَهْلِي وَ إِنَّ وَعْدَكَ الْحَقُّ وَ أَنْتَ أَحْكَمُ الْحاكِمِينَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ يا نُوحُ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ إِنَّهُ عَمَلٌ غَيْرُ صالِحٍ فَأَخْرَجَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ بِمَعْصِيَتِهِ.
Abu Al-Hassan-asws said to him: ‘You are my-asws brother for as long as you obey Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. Noah-as had said: ‘Lord! Surely, my son is from my family, and Your Promise is the Truth, and You are the best of the deciders’ [11:45]. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “O Noah! He is not from your family; he is (the doer of) other than righteous deeds, [11:46]. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Expelled him from being from his-as family due to his disobedience’’.[70]
3- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام السِّنَانِيُّ عَنِ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْوَشَّاءِ الْبَغْدَادِيِّ قَالَ: كُنْتُ بِخُرَاسَانَ مَعَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا ع فِي مَجْلِسِهِ وَ زَيْدُ بْنُ مُوسَى حَاضِرٌ قَدْ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى جَمَاعَةٍ فِي الْمَجْلِسِ يَفْتَخِرُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ يَقُولُ نَحْنُ وَ نَحْنُ وَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع مُقْبِلٌ عَلَى قَوْمٍ يُحَدِّثُهُمْ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Sinany, from Al Asady, from Salih Bin Ahmad, from Sahl, from Salih in Abu Hammad, from Al-Hassan Bin Musa Al Washa Al Baghdady who said,
‘I was at Khurasan with Ali-asws Bin Musa Al-Reza-asws in his-asws gathering, and Zayd son of Musa-asws was present, having turn to a group in the gathering, priding upon them and said, ‘Us!’ `And ‘Us!’ And Abu Al-Hassan-asws was facing towards a group narrating to them.
فَسَمِعَ مَقَالَةَ زَيْدٍ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا زَيْدُ أَ غَرَّكَ قَوْلُ نَاقِلِي الْكُوفَةِ إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ع أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَهَا فَحَرَّمَ اللَّهُ ذُرِّيَّتَهَا عَلَى النَّارِ فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا ذَلِكَ إِلَّا لِلْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ وُلْدِ بَطْنِهَا خَاصَّةً
He-asws heard the talk of Zayd, so he-asws turned to him and said: ‘Are you deceived by the words of the transmitters of Al-Kufa, ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws had protected her-asws chastity, so Allah-azwj Prohibited her-asws offspring upon the Fire’? By Allah-azwj! That is not (applicable) except to Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and the children of her-asws directly from her-asws particular.
وَ أَمَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ع يُطِيعُ اللَّهَ وَ يَصُومُ نَهَارَهُ وَ يَقُومُ لَيْلَهُ وَ تَعْصِيهِ أَنْتَ ثُمَّ تَجِيئَانِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ سَوَاءً لَأَنْتَ أَعَزُّ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْهُ
And as for Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, he-asws was obeying Allah-azwj and fasting his-asws day and standing his-asws night (in Salat), and you are disobeying Him-azwj, then you would both be coming on the Day of Qiyamah as equals? Then (how come) you would be dearer to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic than him-asws!
إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ كَانَ يَقُولُ لِمُحْسِنِنَا كِفْلَانِ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ وَ لِمُسِيئِنَا ضِعْفَانِ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ
Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws had said: ‘For our good doers there would be two portions of Recompense, and for our evil doers there would be double from the Punishments!’’
قَالَ الْحَسَنُ الْوَشَّاءُ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ لِي يَا حَسَنُ كَيْفَ تَقْرَءُونَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ قالَ يا نُوحُ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ إِنَّهُ عَمَلٌ غَيْرُ صالِحٍ
Al-Hassan Al-Washa said, ‘Then he-asws turned towards me and said to me: ‘O Hassan! How are you reading this Verse: “O Noah! He is not from your family; he is (the doer of) other than righteous deeds, [11:46]?’
فَقُلْتُ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَقْرَأُ إِنَّهُ عَمَلٌ غَيْرُ صالِحٍ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقْرَأُ إِنَّهُ عَمِلَ غَيْرَ صَالِحٍ فَمَنْ قَرَأَ إِنَّهُ عَمَلٌ غَيْرُ صالِحٍ نَفَاهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ
I said, ‘From the people there is one who recites: ‘It is a deed other than righteous’, and from them is one who recites that he had done other that righteous deeds. So the one who recites as, ‘he had done deeds other than righteous’, negating him from his father-as’.
فَقَالَ ع كَلَّا لَقَدْ كَانَ ابْنَهُ وَ لَكِنْ لَمَّا عَصَى اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ نَفَاهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ كَذَا مَنْ كَانَ مِنَّا لَمْ يُطِعِ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا وَ أَنْتَ إِذَا أَطَعْتَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَأَنْتَ مِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ.
He-asws said: ‘Never! He was his-as son, but when he disobeyed Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, He-azwj Negated him from his father-as. Like that is the one who was from us not obeying Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and you, when you obey Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, so you are from us-asws, People-asws of the Household’’.[71]
4- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الدَّقَّاقُ عَنِ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ الرِّضَا ع وَ عِنْدَهُ زَيْدُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَخُوهُ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ يَا زَيْدُ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ فَإِنَّا بَلَغْنَا مَا بَلَغْنَا بِالتَّقْوَى فَمَنْ لَمْ يَتَّقِ وَ لَمْ يُرَاقِبْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا وَ لَسْنَا مِنْهُ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Daqqaq, from Al Asady, from Salih Bin Abu Hammad, from Al-Hassan Bin Al Jahm who said,
‘I was in the presence of Al-Reza-asws and with him-asws was his-asws brother Zayd son of Musa-asws, and he-asws was saying: ‘O Zayd! Fear Allah-azwj, for we have reached what we have reached due to piety. The one who does not fear and watch out for Him-azwj, he isn’t from us and we-asws aren’t from him.
يَا زَيْدُ إِيَّاكَ أَنْ تُهِينَ مَنْ بِهِ تَصُولُ مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا فَيَذْهَبَ نُورُكَ
O Zayd! Beware of belittling the one from our-asws Shias having helped you, for your Noor would go away.
يَا زَيْدُ إِنَّ شِيعَتَنَا إِنَّمَا أَبْغَضَهُمُ النَّاسُ وَ عَادُوهُمْ وَ اسْتَحَلُّوا دِمَاءَهُمْ وَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ لِمَحَبَّتِهِمْ لَنَا وَ اعْتِقَادِهِمْ لِوَلَايَتِنَا فَإِنْ أَنْتَ أَسَأْتَ إِلَيْهِمْ ظَلَمْتَ نَفْسَكَ وَ أَبْطَلْتَ حَقَّكَ
O Zayd! Our-asws Shias rather, the people hate them, and are being inimical to them, and they are permitting (shedding of) their blood and (plundering) their wealth, due to their love for us-asws and their believing in our-asws Wilayah. So if you were to be evil to them, you would be unjust to your own self, and invalidate your own rights’.
قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْجَهْمِ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ ع إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ لِي يَا ابْنَ الْجَهْمِ مَنْ خَالَفَ دِينَ اللَّهِ فَابْرَأْ مِنْهُ كَائِناً مَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَيِّ قَبِيلَةٍ كَانَ وَ مَنْ عَادَى اللَّهَ فَلَا تُوَالِهِ كَائِناً مَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَيِّ قَبِيلَةٍ كَانَ
Al-Hassan Bin Al-Jahm said, ‘Then he-asws turned towards me. He-asws said to me: ‘O Ibn Al-Jaham! One who opposes the religion of Allah-azwj, disavow from him, whoever it may be, from whichever tribe he may be, and one who is hostile to Allah-azwj, do not befriend him, whoever it may be, from whichever tribe he may be!’
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يُعَادِي اللَّهَ قَالَ مَنْ يَعْصِيهِ.
I said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! And is that who would be hostile to Allah-azwj?’ He-asws said: ‘One who disobeys Him-azwj’’.[72]
5- ب، قرب الإسناد ابْنُ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ الرِّضَا ع وَ كَانَ كَثِيراً مَا يَقُولُ اسْتَخْرِجْ مِنْهُ الْكَلَامَ يَعْنِي أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَوْماً أَيُّ عُمُومَتِكَ أَبَرُّ بِكَ قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَقَالَ أَبُوهُ ع صَدَقَ وَ اللَّهِ هُوَ وَ اللَّهِ أَبَرُّهُمْ بِهِ وَ أَخْيَرُهُمْ لَهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ جَمِيعاً.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnad’ – Ibn Isa, from Al Bazanty who said,
‘I was in the Presence of Al-Reza-asws, and he-asws used to frequently said: ‘Extract some talk from him-asws!’ – meaning Abu Ja’far-asws. I said to him-asws one day, ‘Which of your-asws uncles is the most righteous with you-asws?’ He-asws said: ‘Al-Husayn’. His-asws father-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj, he-asws speaks the truth! By Allah-azwj, he is their most righteous with him-asws and the best of them to him-asws. May Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon them all!’’[73]
6- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْهَمَدَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عُمَيْرِ بْنِ بُرَيْدٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع فَذُكِرَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَقَالَ إِنِّي جَعَلْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي أَنْ لَا يُظِلَّنِي وَ إِيَّاهُ سَقْفُ بَيْتٍ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Hamdany, from Ali, from his father, from Umeyr Bin Bazeed who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws and Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws was mentioned. He-asws said: ‘I-asws have made it upon me that one roof of a house will not shade me-asws and him’.
فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي هَذَا يَأْمُرُنَا بِالْبِرِّ وَ الصِّلَةِ وَ يَقُولُ هَذَا لِعَمِّهِ
I said within myself, ‘This one instruct us with the righteousness and the connecting the kinship, and he-asws is saying this for his-asws own uncle!’
فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ هَذَا مِنَ الْبِرِّ وَ الصِّلَةِ إِنَّهُ مَتَى يَأْتِينِي وَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيَّ فَيَقُولُ فِيَّ فَيُصَدِّقُهُ النَّاسُ وَ إِذَا لَمْ يَدْخُلْ عَلَيَّ وَ لَمْ أَدْخُلْ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يُقْبَلْ قَوْلُهُ إِذَا قَالَ.
He-asws looked at me. He-asws said: ‘This is from the righteousness and connecting the kinship. When he comes to me-asws and enters to see me, he speaks regarding me-asws and the people ratify him, and when he does not enter to see me-asws and I-asws don’t enter to see him, his word would not be accepted when he says it’’.[74]
7- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْعَطَّارُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ سَعْدٍ مَعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْأَثْرَمِ وَ كَانَ عَلَى شُرْطَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الْعَلَوِيِّ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَيَّامَ أَبِي السَّرَايَا قَالَ: اجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ وَ غَيْرُهُمْ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَبَايَعُوهُ وَ قَالُوا لَهُ لَوْ بَعَثْتَ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع كَانَ مَعَنَا وَ كَانَ أَمْرُنَا وَاحِداً
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Attar, from his father and Sa’ad, both together from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Al Bazanty, from Abdul Samad Bin Ubeydullah, from Muhammad Bin Asar, and he was in charge upon the police of Muhammad Bin Suleyman Al Alawy at Al-Medina in the days of Abu Al Saraya, said,
‘His family members and others from Qureysh gathered to him and they pledged allegiances to him, and said to him, ‘If you could send someone to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws to be with us, and our matter would be one’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ اذْهَبْ إِلَيْهِ فَأَقْرِئْهُ السَّلَامَ وَ قُلْ لَهُ إِنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِكَ اجْتَمَعُوا وَ أَحَبُّوا أَنْ تَكُونَ مَعَهُمْ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَنَا فَافْعَلْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Muhammad Bin Suleyman said, ‘Go to him-asws and convey the greetings and say to him-asws, ‘The people of your-asws household have gathered and they love it if you-asws happen to be with them. So, if you-asws see fit to come to us, then do so!’
قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُهُ وَ هُوَ بِالْحَمْرَاءِ فَأَدَّيْتُ مَا أَرْسَلَنِي بِهِ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ أَقْرِئْهُ مِنِّي السَّلَامَ وَ قُلْ لَهُ إِذَا مَضَى عِشْرُونَ يَوْماً أَتَيْتُكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I went to him-asws, and he-asws was at Al-Hamra’a. I delivered what he had sent me to him-asws with. He-asws said: ‘Convey to him the greetings from me-asws and said to him: ‘When twenty days have passed by, I-asws shall come to you’’.
قَالَ فَجِئْتُ فَأَبْلَغْتُهُ مَا أَرْسَلَنِي بِهِ إِلَيْهِ فَمَكَثْنَا أَيَّاماً فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ جَاءَنَا وَرْقَاءُ قَائِدُ الْجَلُودِيِّ فَقَاتَلَنَا فَهَزَمَنَا فَخَرَجْتُ هَارِباً نَحْوَ الصَّوْرَيْنِ فَإِذَا هَاتِفٌ يَهْتِفُ بِي يَا أَثْرَمُ فَالْتَفَتُّ إِلَيْهِ فَإِذَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ مَضَتِ الْعِشْرُونَ أَمْ لَا وَ هُوَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
He (the narrator) said, ‘I came and delivered to him what he-asws had sent me to him with. We waited for days. When it was the eighteenth day, Waraqa, a guide of Al-Jaloudy came to us. We fought and we were defeated. I went out fleeing towards Al-Sowreyn. There was a caller calling me: ‘O Asram!’ I turned to him, and behold, it was Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, and he-asws was saying: ‘Twenty days have passed by or not?’ And he was Muhammad Bin Suleyman Bin Dawood Bin Al-Hassan son of Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[75]
8- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَرْقِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: كُنَّا حَوْلَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع وَ نَحْنُ شُبَّانٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ إِذْ مَرَّ عَلَيْنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْعَلَوِيُّ وَ هُوَ رَثُّ الْهَيْئَةِ فَنَظَرَ بَعْضُنَا إِلَى بَعْضٍ وَ ضَحِكْنَا مِنْ هَيْئَةِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عُمَرَ
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy who said, ‘It is narrated to me by my father, and Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Majaylawiya, altogether from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from his father,
‘From Al-Husayn son of Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, said, ‘We were around Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, and we were youths from the clan of Hashim-saww, when Ja’far Bin Umar Al-Alawy passed by us, and he was of shabby appearance. We looked at each other and we laughed from the appearance of Ja’far Bin Umar.
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا ع لَتَرَوْنَهُ عَنْ قَرِيبٍ كَثِيرَ الْمَالِ كَثِيرَ التَّبَعِ فَمَا مَضَى إِلَّا شَهْرٌ أَوْ نَحْوُهُ حَتَّى وُلِّيَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَ حَسُنَتْ حَالُهُ وَ كَانَ يَمُرُّ بِنَا وَ مَعَهُ الْخِصْيَانُ وَ الْحَشَمُ وَ جَعْفَرٌ هَذَا هُوَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Very soon you shall be seeing him being with a lot of wealth, a lot of followers’. There did not pass by except a month or approximate to it, until he became governor of Al-Medina and his state was excellent, and he was passing by us and with him were the eunuchs, and the servants. And this Ja’far, he is Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Umar Bin Al-Hassan Bin Umar son of Ali Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[76]
9- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنِ الصُّولِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي ذَكْوَانَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ قَالَ: كَانَتِ الْبَيْعَةُ لِلرِّضَا ع لِخَمْسٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَ مِائَتَيْنِ وَ زَوَّجَهُ ابْنَتَهُ أُمَّ حَبِيبٍ فِي أَوَّلِ سَنَةِ اثْنَيْنِ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ الْخَبَرَ.
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – Al Bayhaqi, from Al Sowly, from Abu Zakwan, from Ibrahim Bin Al Abbas who said,
‘The allegiance for Al-Reza-asws took place on the fifth (day) vacant from the month of Ramazan of the year two hundred and one, and he (Al-Mamoun) got his daughter umm Habeeb to be married to him-asws during the beginning of the year two hundred and two’ – the news’’.[77]
10- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب دَخَلَ زَيْدُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَ عِنْدَهُ الرِّضَا ع فَسَلَّمَ زَيْدٌ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ فَقَالَ أَنَا ابْنُ أَبِيكَ وَ لَا تَرُدُّ عَلَيَّ سَلَامِي
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub –
‘Zayd son of Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws entered to see Al-Mamoun. He honoured him, and Al-Reza-asws was with him. Zayd greeted unto him-asws, but he-asws did not answer him. He said, ‘I am a son of your-asws father-asws, and you-asws are not responding to me of my greeting?’
فَقَالَ ع أَنْتَ أَخِي مَا أَطَعْتَ اللَّهَ فَإِذَا عَصَيْتَ اللَّهَ لَا إِخَاءَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ.
He-asws said: ‘You are my-asws brother for as long as you obey Allah-azwj. When you disobey Allah-azwj, there is no brotherhood between me-asws and you’’.[78]
11- كشف، كشف الغمة قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ وَ أَمَّا أَوْلَادُهُ فَكَانُوا سِتَّةً خَمْسَةٌ ذُكُورٌ وَ بِنْتٌ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ أَسْمَاءُ أَوْلَادِهِ مُحَمَّدٌ الْقَانِعُ الْحَسَنُ جَعْفَرٌ إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ عَائِشَةُ
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ – Muhammad Bin Talha said,
‘And as for his-asws children, they were six – five males and one daughter. And the names of his-asws children are Muhammad-asws, Al-Qanie, Al-Hassan, Ja’far, Ibrahim, Al-Husayn, and Ayesha.
وَ قَالَ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ الْأَخْضَرِ لَهُ مِنَ الْوُلْدِ خَمْسَةُ رِجَالٍ وَ ابْنَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ هُمْ مُحَمَّدٌ الْإِمَامُ وَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنُ وَ جَعْفَرٌ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ عَائِشَةُ.
And Abdul Aziz Bin Al-Akhzar said, ‘For him-asws, from there children, there were five men and one daughter. They are, Muhammad-asws the Imam-asws, and Abu Muhammad Al-Hassan, and Ibrahim, and Al-Husayn, and Ayesha’’.[79]
وَ مِنْ دَلَائِلِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنِ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع أَ يَكُونُ إِمَامٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ عَقِبٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَا يُولَدُ لِي إِلَّا وَاحِدٌ وَ لَكِنَ اللَّهَ يُنْشِئَ ذُرِّيَّةً كَثِيرَةً
And from ‘Dalail’ of Al Himeyri, from Hanan Bin Sadeyr who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, ‘Can the Imam-asws be such that there isn’t any posterity for him-asws?’ Abu Al-Hassan-asws said: ‘But there has not been born for me-asws except one. But Allah-azwj would Cause many offspring to grow’.
قَالَ أَبُو خِدَاشٍ سَمِعْتُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ مُنْذُ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً.
Ani Khidash said, ‘I have been hearing this Hadeeth for thirty years’’.[80]
وَ قَالَ ابْنُ الْخَشَّابِ وُلِدَ لَهُ خَمْسُ بَنِينَ وَ ابْنَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ أَسْمَاءُ بَنِيهِ مُحَمَّدٌ الْإِمَامُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنُ وَ جَعْفَرٌ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ عَائِشَةُ فَقَطْ.
And Ibn Al Khashab said,
‘There were born for him-asws, five sons and one daughter. The names of his-asws sons are – Muhammad-asws the Imam Abu Ja’far-asws the 2nd, Abu Muhammad Al-Hassan, and Ja’far, and Ibrahim, and Al-Hassan, and Ayesha only’’.[81]
12- عم، إعلام الورى قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب كَانَ لِلرِّضَا ع مِنَ الْوَلَدِ ابْنُهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَوَادُ لَا غَيْرَ.
(The book) ‘I’lam Al Wara’, (and) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub –
‘There were for Al-Reza-asws, from the children, was his-asws son-asws Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali Al-Jawad, no one else!’’[82]
13- د، العدد القوية كَانَ لَهُ ع وَلَدَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا مُحَمَّدٌ وَ الْآخَرُ مُوسَى لَمْ يَتْرُكْ غَيْرَهُمَا.
(The book) ‘Al Adad Al Qawiya’ –
‘There were two sons for him-asws, one of them Muhammad-asws, and the other one Musa. He-asws did not leave behind other than them both’’.[83]
17- فِي كِتَابِ الدُّرِّ، مَضَى الرِّضَا ع وَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ وَلَداً إِلَّا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ كَانَ سِنُّهُ يَوْمَ وَفَاةِ أَبِيهِ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ وَ أشهر [أَشْهُراً].
In ‘Kitab Al Durr’ –
‘Al-Reza-asws passed away and did not leave children except Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, and his-asws age on the day his-asws father-asws passed away, was seven years and one month’’.[84]
14- كش، رجال الكشي حَمْدَوَيْهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَسِيدٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مَا كَانَ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ ابْنَا أَبِي سَمَّالٍ فَنَأْتِي أَحْمَدَ ابْنَهُ فَاخْتَلَفَا إِلَيْهِ زَمَاناً فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ أَبُو السَّرَايَا خَرَجَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع مَعَهُ
(The book) ‘Rijal’ of Al Kashy – Hamdawiya, from Al-Hassan Bin Musa, form Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Aseyd who said,
‘When it was from the matter of Abu Al-Hassan (Musa-asws) what happened, Ibrahim and Ismail, two sons of Abu Sammal said, ‘We went to his-asws son Ahmad and interchanged with him for a long time. When Abu Al-Saraja came out (in rebellion), Ahmad son of Abu Al-Hassan-asws came out with him.
فَأَتَيْنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ قُلْنَا لَهُمَا إِنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ قَدْ خَرَجَ مَعَ أَبِي السَّرَايَا فَمَا تَقُولَانِ
Ibrahim and Ismail came to us, and we said to them, ‘This man has come out (in rebellion) with Abu Al-Saraya, so what you two saying?’
قَالَ فَأَنْكَرَا ذَلِكَ مِنْ فِعْلِهِ وَ رَجَعَا عَنْهُ وَ قَالا أبا [أَبُو] الْحَسَنِ حَيٌّ نَثْبُتُ عَلَى الْوَقْفِ وَ أَحْسَبُ هَذَا يَعْنِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ مَاتَ عَلَى شَكِّهِ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘They disliked that from his deed and retracted from it, and they said, ‘Abu Al-Hassan-asws is (still) alive. We shall stay affirmed upon the stopping (no more Imams-asws), and I reckon this one, meaning Ismail, died upon his doubt’’.[85]
15- كش، رجال الكشي قَرَأْتُ فِي كِتَابِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ بُنْدَارَ بِخَطِّهِ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْعَطَّارُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَشْتَهِي أَنْ أَدْخُلَ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع أُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ قُلْتُ فَمَا يَمْنَعُكَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ الْإِجْلَالُ وَ الْهَيْبَةُ لَهُ وَ أَتَّقِي عَلَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Rijal’ of Al Kashy – I read in a book of Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Bundar in his handwriting, ‘It is narrated to me by Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Attar, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Suleyman Bin Ja’far who said,
‘Ali Bin Ubeydullah Bin Al-Husayn son of Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws said to me, ‘I desire to go and see Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws to greet unto him-asws’. I said, ‘So what prevents you from that?’ He said, ‘Reverence and awe for him-asws and I fear upon him-asws’.
قَالَ فَاعْتَلَّ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع عِلَّةً خَفِيفَةً وَ قَدْ عَادَهُ النَّاسُ فَلَقِيتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ فَقُلْتُ قَدْ جَاءَكَ مَا تُرِيدُ قَدِ اعْتَلَّ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع عِلَّةً خَفِيفَةً وَ قَدْ عَادَهُ النَّاسُ فَإِنْ أَرَدْتَ الدُّخُولَ عَلَيْهِ فَالْيَوْمَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Abu Al-Hassan-asws became ill with a slight illness and the people were consoling him-asws. I met Ali Bin Ubeydullah. I said, ‘It has come, what you wanted. Abu Al-Hassan-asws has become ill with a slight illness and the people are consoling him-asws. If you want to enter to see him-asws, then it is today!’
قَالَ فَجَاءَ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع عَائِداً فَلَقِيَهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع بِكُلِّ مَا يُحِبُّ مِنَ الْمَنْزِلَةِ وَ التَّعْظِيمِ فَفَرِحَ بِذَلِكَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ فَرَحاً شَدِيداً ثُمَّ مَرِضَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ فَعَادَهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع وَ أَنَا مَعَهُ فَجَلَسَ حَتَّى خَرَجَ مَنْ كَانَ فِي الْبَيْتِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He came to Abu Al-Hassan-asws as a consoler. Abu Al-Hassan-asws received him with all what he loved, from the status and the reverence. Ali Bin Ubeydullah was happy with that with intense happiness. Then Ali Bin Ubeydullah fell sick, so Abu Al-Hassan-asws (came to) console him, and I was with him. He-asws sat down until the ones who were in the room had gone out.
فَلَمَّا خَرَجْنَا أَخْبَرَتْنِي مَوْلَاةٌ لَنَا أَنَّ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ امْرَأَةَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ كَانَتْ مِنْ وَرَاءِ السِّتْرِ تَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ خَرَجَتْ وَ انْكَبَّتْ عَلَى الْمَوْضِعِ الَّذِي كَانَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ فِيهِ جَالِساً تُقَبِّلُهُ وَ تَتَمَسَّحُ بِهِ
When we had gone out, a maid of ours, inform us that Umm Salama, wife of Ali Bin Ubeydullah, was looking at him from behind the curtain. When he went out, she came out and devoted to the place in which Abu Al-Hassan-asws had been sitting in, kissing it and touching it.
قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ ثُمَّ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ فَأَخْبَرَنِي بِمَا فَعَلَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَخَبَّرْتُ بِهِ أبو [أَبَا] الْحَسَنِ ع قَالَ يَا سُلَيْمَانُ إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ وَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ وُلْدَهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ يَا سُلَيْمَانُ إِنَّ وُلْدَ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ ع إِذَا عَرَّفَهُمُ اللَّهُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ لَمْ يَكُونُوا كَالنَّاسِ.
Suleyman said, ‘Then I entered to see Ali Bin Ubeydullah. He informed me with what Umm Salama had done. I informed Abu Al-Hassan-asws with it. He-asws said: ‘O Suleyman! Ali Bin Ubeydullah and his wife and his children are from the people of Paradise. O Suleyman! The children of Ali-asws and Fatima-asws, when Allah-azwj Introduces them to this matter, they do become like the people (such as you have found them)’’.[86]
16- كا، الكافي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنْ يَاسِرٍ الْخَادِمِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع رَأَيْتُ فِي النَّوْمِ كَأَنَّ قَفَصاً فِيهِ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ قَارُورَةً إِذْ وَقَعَ الْقَفَصُ وَ تَكَسَّرَتِ الْقَوَارِيرُ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Al-Husayn Bin Ahmad Bin Hilal, from Yaser Al-Khadam who said:
I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, ‘I saw (a dream) during the sleep, as if there was a cage in which were seventeen bottles. There was an impact upon the cage and the bottles broke’.
فَقَالَ إِنْ صَدَقَتْ رُؤْيَاكَ يَخْرُجُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي يَمْلِكُ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ فَخَرَجَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بِالْكُوفَةِ مَعَ أَبِي السَّرَايَا فَمَكَثَ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ مَاتَ.
He-asws said: ‘If your dream is true, a man from my-asws Household would come out, govern for seventeen days, then die’. Muhammad Bin Ibrahim came out at Al-Kufa along with Abu Al-Saraaya. He remained for seventeen days, then died’’.[87]
هو محمّد بن إبراهيم بن إسماعيل- طباطبا بن إبراهيم بن الحسن بن الحسن ابن عليّ بن أبي طالب عليهم السلام،
Note: He is Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Ismail Tabataba Bin Ibrahim Bin Al-Hassan son of Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws.
و أبو السرايا هو السرى بن منصور كان من أمراء المأمون فخالفه و غاب في نواحي السواد فلقيه محمّد بن إبراهيم و واعده على الخروج، راجع القصة في مقاتل الطالبيين- ط النجف- ص 338- 353.
And Abu Al Saraya, he is Al Sary Bin Mansour. He was from the commanders of Al Mamouh, He opposed him and disappeared in the deserted areads. Muhammad Bin Ibrahim met him and promised him upon the going out (to rebel) – refer to ‘Maqatal Al Talibeen’, printed in Al Najaf, P 338-353.
17- كا، الكافي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ سَلِيطٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا أَوْصَى أَبُو إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع أَشْهَدَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَعْفَرِيَّ وَ إِسْحَاقَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَعْفَرِيَّ وَ إِسْحَاقَ بْنَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ صَالِحٍ وَ مُعَاوِيَةَ الْجَعْفَرِيَّ وَ يَحْيَى بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ وَ سَعْدَ بْنَ عِمْرَانَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ وَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ وَ يَزِيدَ بْنَ سَلِيطٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ وَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ جَعْدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ الْأَسْلَمِيَّ وَ هُوَ كَاتِبُ الْوَصِيَّةِ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Ahmad Bin Mihran, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Abu Al Hakam who said, ‘Abdullah Bin Ibrahim Al Ja’fary and Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Umara narrated to me from Yazeed Bin Saleyt who said,
‘When Abu Ibrahim-asws (Musa Bin Ja’far-asws bequeathed, it was witnessed by Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Al-Ja’fary, and Is’haq Bin Muhammad Al Ja’fary, and Is’haq Bin Ja’far Bin Muhammad, and Ja’far Bin Salih and Muawiya Al Ja’fary, and Yahya Bin Al-Husayn Bin Zyad Bin Ali, and Sa’ad Bin Imran Al Ansary, and Muhammad Bin Al Haris Al Ansary, and Yazeed Bin Saleet Al Ansary,and Muhammad Bin Ja’d Bin Sa’d Al Aslamy, and he was the writer of the bequest.
الْأُولَى أَشْهَدَهُمْ أَنَّهُ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ أَنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ لا رَيْبَ فِيها وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ وَ أَنَّ الْبَعْثَ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ حَقٌّ وَ أَنَّ الْوَعْدَ حَقٌّ وَ أَنَّ الْحِسَابَ حَقٌّ وَ الْقَضَاءَ حَقٌّ وَ أَنَّ الْوُقُوفَ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَ أَنَّ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدٌ ص حَقٌّ وَ أَنَّ مَا نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ حَقٌّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَحْيَا وَ عَلَيْهِ أَمُوتُ وَ عَلَيْهِ أُبْعَثُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
The first of what they witnessed what that he-asws testified: ‘There is no god except Allah-azwj, Alone, there being no associates for Him-azwj, and that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww, And the Hour is coming, there is no doubt in it, and that Allah will Resurrect the ones in the graves [22:7], and that the Resurrection after the death is true, and that the Promise is true, and that the Reckoning is true, and the Judgment is true, and that the pausing in front of Allah-azwj is true, and that whatever the Trustworthy Sprit descended with is true. Upon that I-asws live and upon it I-asws pass away, and upon it I-asws shall be Resurrected, if Allah-azwj so Desires.
وَ أَشْهَدَهُمْ أَنَّ هَذِهِ وَصِيَّتِي بِخَطِّي وَ قَدْ نَسَخْتُ وَصِيَّةَ جَدِّي أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ وَصِيَّةَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ نَسَخْتُهَا حَرْفاً بِحَرْفٍ وَ وَصِيَّةَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَى مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ وَ أَنِّي قَدْ أَوْصَيْتُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ وَ بَنِيَّ بَعْدُ مَعَهُ
And I keep them as witnesses that this here is my-asws bequest in my-asws own handwriting, and I-asws have copied the bequest of my-asws grandfather-asws Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and the Bequest of Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws before that, copying it letter by letter, and the Bequest of Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws was upon similar to that, and I-asws hereby bequeath to my-asws son-asws Ali-asws, and my-asws son after with him-asws.
إِنْ شَاءَ وَ آنَسَ مِنْهُمْ رُشْداً وَ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُقِرَّهُمْ فَذَلِكَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ كَرِهَهُمْ وَ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُخْرِجَهُمْ فَذَاكَ لَهُ وَ لَا أَمْرَ لَهُمْ مَعَهُ
If he-asws so desires he-asws can be amiable with them rightfully, and I-asws would love it for them to acknowledge him-asws. So that is for him-asws, and if he-asws dislikes them and loves to take them out, so that is for him-asws, and there is no command for them along with him-asws.
وَ أَوْصَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِصَدَقَاتِي وَ أَمْوَالِي وَ مَوَالِيَّ وَ صِبْيَانِيَ الَّذِينَ خَلَّفْتُ وَ وُلْدِي [وَ] إِلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ الْعَبَّاسِ وَ قَاسِمٍ وَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ أَحْمَدَ وَ أُمِّ أَحْمَدَ وَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ أَمْرُ نِسَائِي دُونَهُمْ وَ ثُلُثُ صَدَقَةِ أَبِي وَ ثُلُثِي يَضَعُهُ حَيْثُ يَرَى وَ يَجْعَلُ فِيهِ مَا يَجْعَلُ ذُو الْمَالِ فِي مَالِهِ
And I-asws am bequeathing to him-asws with my charities, and my-asws wealth, and my-asws slaves, and the children which I-asws am leaving behind, and my-asws sons to Ibrahim, and Al-Abbas, and Qasim, and Ismail, and Ahmad, and the uncle of Ahmad, and to Ali-asws is the matter of my-asws womenfolk, besides them, and a third of the charity of my-asws father-asws, and two thirds he-asws can place wherever he-asws so sees fit, and he-asws can make to be in it whatever he-asws so makes to be in it with the wealth in his-asws wealth.
فَإِنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَبِيعَ أَوْ يَهَبَ أَوْ يَنْحَلَّ أَوْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِهَا عَلَى مَنْ سَمَّيْتُ لَهُ وَ عَلَى غَيْرِ مَنْ سَمَّيْتُ
If he-asws so likes, he-asws can sell, or gift, or confer, or give charity with it upon the ones I-asws have named for him, and upon other than the ones I-asws have named for him-asws.
فَذَاكَ لَهُ وَ هُوَ أَنَا فِي وَصِيَّتِي فِي مَالِي وَ فِي أَهْلِي وَ وُلْدِي وَ إِنْ رَأَى أَنْ يُقِرَّ إِخْوَتَهُ الَّذِينَ سَمَّيْتُهُمْ فِي كِتَابِي هَذَا أَقَرَّهُمْ وَ إِنْ كَرِهَ فَلَهُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَهُمْ غَيْرَ مُثَرَّبٍ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا مَرْدُودٍ
So that is for him-asws, and he-asws is me-asws in my-asws bequest with regards to my-asws wealth and regarding my-asws family, and my-asws children. And if he-asws sees fit to accept his-asws brothers whom I-asws have named in this letter of mine, he-asws accepts them, and if he dislikes it, so it is for him-asws that he-asws takes them out without being blamed over it nor rejected.
فَإِنْ آنَسَ مِنْهُمْ غَيْرَ الَّذِي فَارَقْتُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَأَحَبَّ أَنْ يَرُدَّهُمْ فِي وَلَايَةٍ فَذَلِكَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ أَرَادَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَ أُخْتَهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَ أَمْرِهِ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْرَفُ بِمَنَاكِحِ قَوْمِهِ
If he-asws is amiable from them with other than which I-asws have separated from them upon. If he-asws loves to repel them regarding the Wiyalah, so that is for him, and if a man from them intends to get his sister married, so it would not be for him if he gets her married except by his-asws permission and his-asws orders, for he-asws recognises the marriages of his-asws people.
وَ أَيُّ سُلْطَانٍ أَوْ أَحَدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ كَفَّهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ أَوْ حَالَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ شَيْءٍ مِمَّا ذَكَرْتُ فِي كِتَابِي هَذَا أَوْ أَحَدٍ مِمَّنْ ذَكَرْتُ فَهُوَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ بَرِيءٌ وَ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ مِنْهُ بَرَاءٌ وَ عَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَ غَضَبُهُ وَ لَعْنَةُ اللَّاعِنِينَ وَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ وَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ جَمَاعَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
And whichever ruler, or anyone from the people stops him-asws from something, or obstruct between him and something from what I-asws mentioned in this letter of mine-asws, or anyone from whom I-asws mentioned, so he would be disavowed from Allah-azwj and from His-asws Rasool-saww, and Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww would be disavowed from him, and upon him would be the Curse of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Wrath, and the Curses of the Cursers, and the Angels of Proximity, and the Prophets-as, and the Messenger Prophets-as, and the group of Momineen.
وَ لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنَ السَّلَاطِينِ أَنْ يَكُفَّهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ وَ لَيْسَ لِي عِنْدَهُ تَبِعَةٌ وَ لَا تَبَاعَةٌ وَ لَا لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ وُلْدِي لَهُ قِبَلِي مَالٌ وَ هُوَ مُصَدَّقُ فِيمَا ذُكِرَ فَإِنْ أَقَلَّ فَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ وَ إِنْ أَكْثَرَ فَهُوَ الصَّادِقُ كَذَلِكَ وَ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ بِإِدْخَالِ الَّذِينَ أَدْخَلْتُ مَعَهُ مِنْ وُلْدِي التَّنْوِيهَ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ وَ التَّشْرِيفَ لَهُمْ
And it isn’t for anyone from the ruling authorities that they stop him-asws from anything, and it isn’t for me-asws with him-asws any demand nor a complaint, nor is there for any one of my-asws children to him-asws before me-asws regarding wealth. He-asws is the ratifier regarding what I-asws mentioned. If it is less, he-asws would be knowing, and if it is more, he-asws is the rightful with that. And rather, I-asws intended by the inclusion of those whom I-asws included with him-asws from my-asws children, for the noting of their names and the nobility for them.
وَ أُمَّهَاتُ أَوْلَادِي مَنْ أَقَامَتْ مِنْهُنَّ فِي مَنْزِلِهَا وَ حِجَابِهَا فَلَهَا مَا كَانَ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهَا فِي حَيَاتِي إِنْ رَأَى ذَلِكَ وَ مَنْ خَرَجَتْ مِنْهُنَّ إِلَى زَوْجٍ فَلَيْسَ لَهَا أَنْ تَرْجِعَ مَحْوَايَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَرَى عَلِيٌّ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ وَ بَنَاتِي بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ وَ لَا يُزَوِّجُ بَنَاتِي أَحَدٌ مِنْ إِخْوَتِهِنَّ مِنْ أُمَّهَاتِهِنَّ وَ لَا سُلْطَانٌ وَ لَا عَمٌّ إِلَّا بِرَأْيِهِ وَ مَشُورَتِهِ
And the mothers of my-asws children, the one from them who stays in her house and her veil, so it would be for her, whatever (expenditure monies) flowed upon her during my-asws lifetime, if he-asws sees that, and the one from them who goes out to marry, so there wouldn’t be for her that she returns to my-asws house except if Ali-asws views other than that. And my-asws daughter are with the likes of that. And none shall my-asws daughters get married off by anyone from their brothers from their mothers, nor one with authority, nor a paternal uncle except by his-asws view and his-asws consultation.
فَإِنْ فَعَلُوا غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ خَالَفُوا اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ جَاهَدُوهُ فِي مُلْكِهِ وَ هُوَ أَعْرَفُ بِمَنَاكِحِ قَوْمِهِ فَإِنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَ زَوَّجَ وَ إِنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتْرُكَ تَرَكَ وَ قَدْ أَوْصَيْتُهُنَّ بِمِثْلِ مَا ذَكَرْتُ فِي كِتَابِي هَذَا
If they were to do other than that, so they would have opposed Allah-azwj and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and they would have fought against Him-azwj in His-azwj Kingdom, and he-asws is more knowing of the marriages of his-asws people. If he-asws wants to get them married, so they get married, and if he-asws wants them to leave it, so they should leave it, and I-asws have already bequeathed to them with the likes of what I-asws mentioned in this letter of mine-asws.
وَ جَعَلْتُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِنَّ شَهِيداً وَ هُوَ وَ أُمُّ أَحْمَدَ شَاهِدَانِ وَ لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَكْشِفَ وَصِيَّتِي وَ لَا يَنْشُرَهَا وَ هُوَ مِنْهَا عَلَى غَيْرِ مَا ذَكَرْتُ وَ سَمَّيْتُ
And I-asws made Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic as a Witness upon them, and He-azwj and Umm Ahmad are two witnesses, and there isn’t for anyone that he uncovers my-asws bequest, nor publicise it, and it is from it upon other than what I-asws mentioned and specified.
فَمَنْ أَسَاءَ فَعَلَيْهِ وَ مَنْ أَحْسَنَ فَلِنَفْسِهِ وَ ما رَبُّكَ بِظَلَّامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ
The one who offends, so it would be against himself, and the one who does good, so it would be for himself, and your Lord-azwj is not the least unjust to the servants. And may Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and upon his-saww Progeny-asws.
وَ لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ سُلْطَانٍ وَ لَا غَيْرِهِ أَنْ يَفُضَّ كِتَابِي هَذَا الَّذِي خَتَمْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْأَسْفَلَ فَمَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَ غَضَبُهُ وَ لَعْنَةُ اللَّاعِنِينَ وَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ وَ جَمَاعَةِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ عَلِيٌّ مَنْ فَضَّ كِتَابِي هَذَا
And it isn’t for anyone from a ruler, or anyone else that he-asws open this letter of mine which I-asws am sealing upon at the bottom. The one who does that, so upon would be the Curse of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Wrath, and the curses of the cursing ones and the Angels of Proximity, and the group of the Mursil Prophets-as, and the Momineen from the Muslims, and upon the one who opens this letter of mine’.
وَ كَتَبَ وَ خَتَمَ أَبُو إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ الشُّهُودُ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلَى آلِهِ.
And Abu Ibrahim-asws wrote and sealed, and (so did the witnesses), and may Allah-azwj Send Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and upon his-saww Progeny-asws’’.[88]
قَالَ أَبُو الْحَكَمِ فَحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ آدَمَ الْجَعْفَرِيُّ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ سَلِيطٍ قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو عِمْرَانَ الطَّلْحِيُّ قَاضِيَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمَّا مَضَى مُوسَى قَدَّمَهُ إِخْوَتُهُ إِلَى الطَّلْحِيِّ الْقَاضِي فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ وَ أَمْتَعَ بِكَ إِنَّ فِي أَسْفَلِ هَذَا الْكِتَابِ كَنْزاً وَ جَوْهَراً وَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَحْتَجِبَهُ وَ يَأْخُذَهُ دُونَنَا وَ لَمْ يَدَعْ أَبُونَا رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ شَيْئاً إِلَّا أَلْجَأَهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ تَرَكَنَا عَالَةً وَ لَوْ لَا أَنِّي أَكُفُّ نَفْسِي لَأَخْبَرْتُكَ بِشَيْءٍ عَلَى رُءُوسِ الْمَلَإِ
Abu Al-Hakam said, ‘Abdullah Bin Adam Al-Ja’fary narrated to me, from Yazeed Bin Saleyt who said, ‘Abu Imran Al-Talhy was a judge of Al-Medina. So when Musa-asws passed away, his-asws brothers went over to Al-Talhy the judge. So Al-Abbas (one of his-asws brothers) said, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you well and be Happy with you. At the bottom of this letter there is a treasure and jewels (mentioned) and he-asws intends to conceal it, and he-asws wants to take these besides us, and our father-asws, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him-asws, did not leave us anything except wealth for him-asws, and left us a burden. And had I not controlled myself, I would have informed you with something against the heads of the council’.
فَوَثَبَ إِلَيْهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ فَقَالَ إِذاً وَ اللَّهِ تُخْبِرُ بِمَا لَا نَقْبَلُهُ مِنْكَ وَ لَا نُصَدِّقُكَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ تَكُونُ عِنْدَنَا مَلُوماً مَدْحُوراً نَعْرِفُكَ بِالْكَذِبِ صَغِيراً وَ كَبِيراً وَ كَانَ أَبُوكَ أَعْرَفَ بِكَ لَوْ كَانَ فِيكَ خَيْرٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَبُوكَ لَعَارِفاً بِكَ فِي الظَّاهِرِ وَ الْبَاطِنِ وَ مَا كَانَ لِيَأْمَنَكَ عَلَى تَمْرَتَيْنِ
Ibrahim Bin Muhammad leapt upon him and he said, ‘Then by Allah-azwj, you would be informing with what we will neither accept from you nor ratify you upon it, then you would become blameworthy, defeated in our presence. We know you with the lying when you were young and old, and it was so that your father-asws knew (the lying) with you. Had there been goodness in you, and even if your father-asws knew of you in the apparent and the hidden, and he-asws had never trusted you upon (even) two dates’.
ثُمَّ وَثَبَ إِلَيْهِ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَمُّهُ فَأَخَذَ بِتَلْبِيبِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّكَ لَسَفِيهٌ ضَعِيفٌ أَحْمَقُ أَجْمَعُ هَذَا مَعَ مَا كَانَ بِالْأَمْسِ مِنْكَ وَ أَعَانَهُ الْقَوْمُ أَجْمَعُونَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عِمْرَانَ الْقَاضِي لِعَلِيٍّ قُمْ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ حَسْبِي مَا لَعَنَنِي أَبُوكَ الْيَوْمَ وَ قَدْ وَسَّعَ لَكَ أَبُوكَ وَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَحَدٌ أَعْرَفَ بِالْوَلَدِ مِنْ وَالِدِهِ وَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانَ أَبُوكَ عِنْدَنَا بِمُسْتَخَفٍّ فِي عَقْلِهِ وَ لَا ضَعِيفٍ فِي رَأْيِهِ
Then Ishaq Bin Ja’far, his uncle, leapt upon him (Al-Abbas) and grabbed his two collars, so he said to him, ‘You are foolish, weak, stupid. This is gathered with whatever was from you yesterday’, and the people altogether supported him. So Abu Imran the judge said to Ali-asws, ‘Stand, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! It suffices me what your-asws father-asws cursed me with today, and your-asws father-asws has been extensive to you, and no, by Allah-azwj, and no one is more knowing of his child than his parent. And no, by Allah-azwj, your-asws father-asws, in our presence, wasn’t light-minded with regard to his-asws intellect, nor was he-asws weak in his-asws opinions’.
فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ لِلْقَاضِي أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ فُضَّ الْخَاتَمَ وَ اقْرَأْ مَا تَحْتَهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو عِمْرَانَ لَا أَفُضُّهُ حَسْبِي مَا لَعَنَنِي أَبُوكَ مُنْذُ الْيَوْمِ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ فَأَنَا أَفُضُّهُ فَقَالَ ذَاكَ إِلَيْكَ
Al-Abbas said to the judge, ‘May Allah-azwj Keep you well! Open the seal and read what is beneath it!’ Abu Imran said, ‘I will not open it. It suffices me what your father-asws has cursed me with today’. Al-Abbas said, ‘So I will open it’. He said, ‘That is up to you’.
فَفَضَّ الْعَبَّاسُ الْخَاتَمَ فَإِذَا فِيهِ إِخْرَاجُهُمْ وَ إِقْرَارُ عَلِيٍّ بِهَا وَحْدَهُ وَ إِدْخَالُهُ إِيَّاهُمْ فِي وَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ إِنْ أَحَبُّوا أَوْ كَرِهُوا وَ إِخْرَاجُهُمْ مِنْ حَدِّ الصَّدَقَةِ وَ غَيْرِهَا وَ كَانَ فَتْحُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ بَلَاءً وَ فَضِيحَةً وَ ذِلَّةً وَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع خِيَرَةً
Al-Abbas opened the seal, and therein was their exit and the acceptance of Ali-asws to it, alone, and their inclusion in the authority of Ali-asws, whether they like it or dislike it, and their exit from the limit of the charities and others such matters. And it was so that the opening (of the bequest) was a calamity upon them and a scandal and a disgrace, and for Ali-asws it was good.
وَ كَانَ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ الَّتِي فَضَّ الْعَبَّاسُ تَحْتَ الْخَاتَمِ هَؤُلَاءِ الشُّهُودُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ وَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ وَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ وَ أَبْرَزُوا وَجْهَ أُمِّ أَحْمَدَ فِي مَجْلِسِ الْقَاضِي وَ ادَّعَوْا أَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ إِيَّاهَا حَتَّى كَشَفُوا عَنْهَا وَ عَرَفُوهَا
And it was in the bequest which Al-Abbas opened, beneath the seal – ‘These are the witnesses – Ibrahim Bin Muhammad, and Is’haq Bin Ja’far, and Ja’far Bin Salih, and Saeed Bin Imran. And they unveiled the face of Umm Ahmad in the gathering of the judges, and they claimed that she isn’t her (who she claims to be) until they uncover it from her and recognised her.
فَقَالَتْ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَدْ وَ اللَّهِ قَالَ سَيِّدِي هَذَا إِنَّكِ سَتُؤْخَذِينَ جَبْراً وَ تُخْرَجِينَ إِلَى الْمَجَالِسِ فَزَجَرَهَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ وَ قَالَ اسْكُتِي فَإِنَّ النِّسَاءَ إِلَى الضَّعْفِ مَا أَظُنُّهُ قَالَ مِنْ هَذَا شَيْئاً
She said during that, ‘By Allah-azwj! My Master-asws (husband) had said this that you would be taking this forcefully and you would be going to the gathering’. Is’haq Bin Ja’far rebuked her and said: ‘Be silent, for the women are subject to weakness. I don’t think he-asws said anything from this!’
ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع الْتَفَتَ إِلَى الْعَبَّاسِ فَقَالَ يَا أَخِي أَنَا أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا حَمَلَكُمْ عَلَى هَذَا الْغَرَائِمُ وَ الدُّيُونُ الَّتِي عَلَيْكُمْ فَانْطَلِقْ يَا سَعِيدُ فَتَعَيَّنْ لِي مَا عَلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ اقْضِ عَنْهُمْ وَ اقْبِضْ زَكَاةَ حُقُوقِهِمْ وَ خُذْ لَهُمُ الْبَرَاءَةَ وَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا أَدَعُ مُوَاسَاتَكُمْ وَ بِرَّكُمْ مَا مَشَيْتُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ فَقُولُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ
Then Ali-asws turned towards Al-Abbas and he-asws said: ‘O my-asws brother! I-asws know well that rather it was the liabilities and the debts upon you all which carried you upon this. So go, O Saeed, and look into it for me-asws, what (debt/labilities) are upon them, and fulfil it from them. And no, by Allah-azwj, I-asws will not leave being considerate with you all and be good to you for as long as I-asws walk upon the earth, therefore you can be saying whatever you so desire to’.
فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ مَا تُعْطِينَا إِلَّا مِنْ فُضُولِ أَمْوَالِنَا وَ مَا لَنَا عِنْدَكَ أَكْثَرُ فَقَالَ ع قُولُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ فَالْعِرْضُ عِرْضُكُمْ فَإِنْ تُحْسِنُوا فَذَاكَ لَكُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَ إِنْ تُسِيئُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
Al-Abbas said, ‘What you-asws are giving us is from the remnants of our own wealth, and what there is for us with you-asws is more’. He-asws said: ‘Say whatever you like, so the presentation is your presentation. If you were to be good, so that would be for you in the Presence of Allah-azwj, and if you are offensive, so Allah-azwj is Forgiving, Merciful.
وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَعْرِفُونَ أَنَّهُ مَا لِي يَوْمِي هَذَا وَلَدٌ وَ لَا وَارِثٌ غَيْرُكُمْ وَ لَئِنْ حَبَسْتُ شَيْئاً مِمَّا تَظُنُّونَ أَوِ ادَّخَرْتُهُ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ لَكُمْ وَ مَرْجِعُهُ إِلَيْكُمْ
By Allah-azwj! You are knowing that on this day of mine-asws, there is neither a son for me-asws nor an inheritor apart from you all, and if-asws have withheld anything from what you are thinking, or I-asws have hoarded, so rather it is for you all, and would be returning to you.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا مَلَكْتُ مُنْذُ مَضَى أَبُوكَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ شَيْئاً إِلَّا وَ قَدْ سَيَّبْتُهُ حَيْثُ رَأَيْتُمْ
By Allah-azwj! I-asws have not owned anything since your father-asws passed away, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with him-asws, except that I-asws have disposed it where you have seen it’.
فَوَثَبَ الْعَبَّاسُ فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا هُوَ كَذَلِكَ وَ مَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَكَ مِنْ رَأْيٍ عَلَيْنَا وَ لَكِنْ حَسَدُ أَبِينَا لَنَا وَ إِرَادَتُهُ مَا أَرَادَ مِمَّا لَا يُسَوِّغُهُ اللَّهُ إِيَّاهُ وَ لَا إِيَّاكَ وَ إِنَّكَ لَتَعْرِفُ أَنِّي أَعْرِفُ صَفْوَانَ بْنَ يَحْيَى بَيَّاعَ السَّابِرِيِّ بِالْكُوفَةِ وَ لَئِنْ سَلِمْتُ لَأُغْصِصَنَّهُ بِرِيقِهِ وَ أَنْتَ مَعَهُ
Al-Abbas leapt and said, ‘By Allah-azwj! It is not like that, and Allah-azwj has not Made to be for you-asws any of your-asws opinions (binding) upon us, but our father-asws wan envious to us, and his-asws intentions from what he-asws wanted are from what cannot be justified with Allah-azwj nor are yours-asws, and you-asws know that I know Safwan Bin Yahya the seller of Al-Sabiry (fabrics) in Al-Kufa, and although you-asws submit, I will drown him in his own saliva, and you-asws along with him!’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَا حَوْلَ وَ لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ أَمَا إِنِّي يَا إِخْوَتِي فَحَرِيصٌ عَلَى مَسَرَّتِكُمْ اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنِّي أُحِبُّ صَلَاحَهُمْ وَ أَنِّي بَارٌّ بِهِمْ وَاصِلٌ لَهُمْ رَفِيقٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَعْنِي بِأُمُورِهِمْ لَيْلًا وَ نَهَاراً فَاجْزِنِي بِهِ خَيْراً وَ إِنْ كُنْتُ عَلَى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ فَأَنْتَ عَلَّامُ الْغُيُوبِ فَاجْزِنِي بِهِ مَا أَنَا أَهْلُهُ إِنْ كَانَ شَرّاً فَشَرّاً وَ إِنْ كَانَ خَيْراً فَخَيْراً
Ali-asws said: ‘There is neither Might nor Strength except with Allah-azwj the Exalted, the Magnificent! As for myself-asws, O my-asws brothers, I-asws am desiring your happiness. Allah-azwj Knows. O Allah-azwj! If You-azwj Know that I-asws love reconciling with them and I-asws am righteous with them, helping to them, kind upon them, assisting with their affairs night and day, so Recompense me-asws goodly for it, and if it was other than that, so You-asws are the Knower of the unseen, so Recompense me-asws with what I-asws are deserving of, if it was evil, so evil, and if it was good, so good’.
اللَّهُمَّ أَصْلِحْهُمْ وَ أَصْلِحْ لَهُمْ وَ اخْسَأْ عَنَّا وَ عَنْهُمْ شَرَّ الشَّيْطَانِ وَ أَعِنْهُمْ عَلَى طَاعَتِكَ وَ وَفِّقْهُمْ لِرُشْدِكَ أَمَّا أَنَا يَا أَخِي فَحَرِيصٌ عَلَى مَسَرَّتِكُمْ جَاهِدٌ عَلَى صَلَاحِكُمْ وَ اللَّهُ عَلى ما نَقُولُ وَكِيلٌ
O Allah-azwj! Correct them and correct for them, and Keep away the Satan-la from us-asws and from them, and Assist them upon obeying You-azwj, and Harmonise them to Your-azwj Guidance! As for I-asws, O my-asws brother, so I am desirous upon your happiness, striving upon reconciling you, and Allah-azwj is the Defender upon what we are saying’.
فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ مَا أَعْرَفَنِي بِلِسَانِكَ وَ لَيْسَ لِمِسْحَاتِكَ عِنْدِي طِينٌ فَافْتَرَقَ الْقَوْمُ عَلَى هَذَا وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ.
Al-Abbas said, ‘What I know of your-asws tongue, and there isn’t any clay with me to swab you-asws with’’.[89]
18- كا، الكافي الْعِدَّةُ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ بَنِيهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ.
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Suleyman Bin Ja’far who said,
‘I heard Al-Reza-asws saying: ‘Ali Bin Abdullah son of Al-Husayn Bin Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and his wife and his sons are from the inhabitants of the Paradise’’.[90]
19- كا، الكافي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا ع إِنَّ رَجُلًا عَنَى أَخَاكَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَذَكَرَ لَهُ أَنَّ أَبَاكَ فِي الْحَيَاةِ وَ أَنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا لَا يَعْلَمُ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Asbaat who said,
‘I said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘A man implied to your-asws brother Ibrahim and mentioned to him that your-asws father-asws (7th Imam-asws) is alive and you-asws know of that what he does not know’.
فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ يَمُوتُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَا يَمُوتُ مُوسَى قَدْ وَ اللَّهِ مَضَى كَمَا مَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَزَلْ مُنْذُ قَبَضَ نَبِيَّهُ ص هَلُمَّ جَرّاً يَمُنُّ بِهَذَا الدِّينِ عَلَى أَوْلَادِ الْأَعَاجِمِ وَ يَصْرِفُهُ عَنْ قَرَابَةِ نَبِيِّهِ ص هَلُمَّ جَرّاً فَيُعْطِي هَؤُلَاءِ وَ يَمْنَعُ هَؤُلَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! Rasool-Allah-saww passes away and Musa-asws does not pass away? By Allah-azwj! He-asws has passed away just as Rasool-Allah-saww has passed away, but Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted, since He-azwj Recalled His-azwj Prophet-saww, did not cease to Come forward with this Religion upon the children of the non-Arabs, and Exchanging it away from the relatives of His-azwj Prophet-saww and so on. So He-azwj Gave these ones and Prevented those ones.
لَقَدْ قَضَيْتُ عَنْهُ فِي هِلَالِ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ أَشْفَى عَلَى طَلَاقِ نِسَائِهِ وَ عِتْقِ مَمَالِيكِهِ وَ لَكِنْ قَدْ سَمِعْتَ مَا لَقِيَ يُوسُفُ مِنْ إِخْوَتِهِ.
I-asws had paid off on his behalf (a debt of) a thousand Dinars during the cresent of Zul Hijjah after I-asws had interceded upon the divorce of his wives and freeing of his slaves. But you have heard what Yusuf-as had faced from his-as brothers’’.[91]
20- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنِ الرَّيَّانِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ قَالَ: جَاءَ قَوْمٌ بِخُرَاسَانَ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع فَقَالُوا إِنَّ قَوْماً مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ يَتَعَاطَوْنَ أُمُوراً قَبِيحَةً فَلَوْ نَهَيْتَهُمْ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ لَا أَفْعَلُ فَقِيلَ وَ لِمَ فَقَالَ لِأَنِّي سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ النَّصِيحَةُ خَشِنَةٌ.
(The book) ‘Illal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Al Himeyri, from Al Rayyan Bin Al Salt who said,
‘A group came to Al-Reza-asws at Khurasan. They said, ‘There are people from your-asws family member who are committing ugly matters, if you-asws could forbid them from that’. He-asws said: ‘I-asws will not do so’. It was said, ‘And why (not)?’ He-asws said: ‘Because I-asws heard my-asws father-asws saying: ‘The good advice is harsh’’.[92]
21- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِذَا أُهِلَّ هِلَالُ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ وَ نَحْنُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَنَا أَنْ نُحْرِمَ إِلَّا بِالْحَجِّ لِأَنَّا نُحْرِمُ مِنَ الشَّجَرَةِ وَ هُوَ الَّذِي وَقَّتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَنْتُمْ إِذَا قَدِمْتُمْ مِنَ الْعِرَاقِ وَ أُهِلَّ الْهِلَالُ فَلَكُمْ أَنْ تَعْتَمِرُوا لِأَنَّ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيكُمْ ذَاتَ عِرْقٍ وَ غَيْرَهَا مِمَّا وَقَّتَ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص
(The book) ‘Uyoon Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al Washa,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘When the crescent of Zul Hijjah appears, and we are at Al-Medina, there did not happen to be for us except that we should be in Ihraam from (Masjid) Al-Shajara, and it is which Rasool-Allah-saww declared as a juncture, and you all, when you arrived from Al Iraq and the crescent has been sighted, for you is that you would be performing Umrah, because in front of you is Zat Irq and other such from what Rasool-Allah-saww had declared for you as being junctures’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْفَضْلُ فَلِيَ الْآنَ أَنْ أَتَمَتَّعَ وَ قَدْ طُفْتُ بِالْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ لَهُ نَعَمْ
Al-Fazl said to him-asws, ‘Is it okay for me, now to perform Tamatto and I have already performed Tawaaf of the House (Kabah)?’ He-asws said to him, ‘Yes’.
فَذَهَبَ بِهَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ إِلَى سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ وَ أَصْحَابِ سُفْيَانَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّ فُلَاناً قَالَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَشَنَّعَ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع.
Muhammad son of Ja’far-asws went with it to Sufyan Bin Uyayna and companions of Sufyan. He said to them, ‘So and so said such and such!’ He slandered upon Abu Al-Hassan-asws’’.[93]
22- د، العدد القوية مِنْ نَسْلِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع ذَكَرَهُ الْخَطِيبُ فِي تَارِيخِ بَغْدَادَ فَقَالَ قَدِمَ إِلَيْهَا فِي أَيَّامِ الرَّشِيدِ وَ صَحِبَهُ وَ كَانَ يُكْرِمُهُ ثُمَّ صَحِبَ الْمَأْمُونَ بَعْدَهُ وَ كَانَ فَاضِلًا شَاعِراً فَصِيحاً وَ تَزْعُمُ الْعَلَوِيَّةُ أَنَّهُ أَشْعَرُ وُلْدِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ
(The book) ‘Al Adad Al Qawiya’ –
‘From the lineage of Al-Abbas-asws Bin Amir Al-Momineen-asws, is Al-Abbas Bin Al-Hassan Bin Ubeydullah son of Al-Abbas Bin Amir Al-Momineen-asws. Al-Khateeb mentioned him in ‘Tareekh Baghdad’. He said, ‘He arrived to it during the days of Al-Rasheed, and accompanied him, and he was honouring him. Then he accompanied Al-Mamoun after him, and he was meritorious, a poet, eloquent, and the Alawites claimed he was the most poetic of the sons of Abu Talib-as.
قَالَ وَ دَخَلَ يَوْماً عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَتَكَلَّمَ فَأَحْسَنَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَتَقُولُ وَ تُحْسِنُ وَ تَشْهَدُ فَتُزَيِّنُ وَ تَغِيبُ فَتُؤْتَمَنُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And one day he entered to see Al-Mamoun. He spoke and was excellent. Al-Mamoun said to him, ‘By Allah-azwj! You tend to speak and are excellent, and you testify and adorn yourself, and you disappear and are entrusted’.
قَالَ وَ جَاءَ يَوْماً إِلَى بَابِ الْمَأْمُونِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ الْحَاجِبُ ثُمَّ أَطْرَقَ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ لَوْ أَذِنَ لَنَا لَدَخَلْنَا وَ لَوِ اعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْنَا لَقَبِلْنَا وَ لَوْ صَرَفَنَا لَانْصَرَفْنَا فَأَمَّا النَّظَرُ الشَّزْرُ وَ الْإِطْرَاقُ وَ الْفَتْرُ وَ لَا أَدْرِي فَلَا أَدْرِي مَا هُوَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And one day he came to the door of Al-Mamoun. The guard looked at him, then lowered his head. Al-Abbas said, ‘If you could permit for us, we would enter, and if you were to excuse to us, we would accept it, and if you tell us to leave, we will leave. As for the squint look and the lowering of the head, and being unfriendly, and not knowing, so I don’t know what it is’.
فَخَجِلَ الْحَاجِبُ فَأَنْشَدَ
| وَ مَا مِنْ رِضًا كَانَ الْحِمَارُ مَطِيَّتِي | وَ لَكِنَّ مَنْ يَمْشِي سَيَرْضَى بِمَا رَكِبَ |
The guard was ashamed. He prosed, ‘There is no pleasure when the donkey is my ride, but the one who walks would be pleased with what he rides’.
وَ كَانَ لِلْعَبَّاسِ هَذَا إِخْوَةٌ عُلَمَاءُ فُضَلَاءُ مُحَمَّدٌ وَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ وَ الْفَضْلُ وَ حَمْزَةُ وَ كُلُّهُمْ بَنُو الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ.
And this Al-Abbas, his brothers were scholar, meritorious – Muhammad, and Ubeydullah, and Al-Fazl, and Hamza, and all of them were sons of Al-Hassan Bin Ubeydullah Bin Al-Abbas’’.[94]
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 11 H 1
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 11 H 2
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 11 H 3
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 11 H 4
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 11 H 5
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 11 H 6
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 12 H 1
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 12 H 2
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 12 H 3
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 1
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 2
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 3
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 4
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 5
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 6
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 7
[17] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 8
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 9 a
[19] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 9 b
[20] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 10
[21] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 11
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 12
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 13
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 14
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 15
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 16
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 17
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 18
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 19
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 20
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 21
[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 22
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 23 a
[34] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 23 b
[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 24
[36] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 25
[37] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 26
[38] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 27
[39] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 13 H 28
[40] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 1
[41] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 2
[42] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 3
[43] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 4
[44] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 5
[45] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 6
[46] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 7
[47] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 8
[48] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 9 a
[49] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 9 b
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 9 c
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 10 a
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 10 b
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 11
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 12
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 13 a
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 13 b
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 14
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 15
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 16
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 17
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 18
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 19
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 14 H 20
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 15 H 1
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 15 H 2 a
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 15 H 2 b
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 15 H 3
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 1 a
[69] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 1 b
[70] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 2
[71] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 3
[72] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 4
[73] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 5
[74] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 6
[75] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 7
[76] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 8
[77] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 9
[78] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 10
[79] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 11 a
[80] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 11 b
[81] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 11 c
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 12
[83] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 13 a
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 13 b
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 14
[86] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 15
[87] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 16
[88] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 17 a
[89] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 17 b
[90] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 18
[91] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 19
[92] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 20
[93] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 21
[94] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 49, The book of History – Ali Al-Reza-asws, Ch 16 H 22