الجزء السادس و السبعون
Volume 76
Part 1 out of 3
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
أدرجنا هذه الخطبة و التقدمة قضاء لحقه قدس سره حيث أظفرنا على هذا الجزء من الكتاب، و أما المؤلف العلامة فلم يكن لينشىء هنا خطبة و تقدمة، فان هذه الابواب تتمة للمجلد السادس عشر و انما يبتدء من الباب 68.
We are including these sermons and the dedication to fulfil of his right, may his soul be Sanctified, where we succeeded upon this volume from the book, and as for the author, the Allama (Majlisi), he did not set up sermons and dedication over here, for these chapters complete the sixteenth volume, and rather it begins from the chapter 68.
أبواب المعاصي و الكبائر و حدودها
CHAPTERS ON THE DISOBEDIENCE AND THE MAJOR SINS AND THEIR LEGAL PUNISHMENTS
باب 68 معنى الكبيرة و الصغيرة و عدد الكبائر
CHAPTER 68 – MEANING OF THE MAJOR SIN, AND THE MINOR SIN, AND NUMBER OF MAJOR SINS
The Verses
الآيات آل عمران وَ الَّذِينَ إِذا فَعَلُوا فاحِشَةً أَوْ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ ذَكَرُوا اللَّهَ فَاسْتَغْفَرُوا لِذُنُوبِهِمْ وَ مَنْ يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ لَمْ يُصِرُّوا عَلى ما فَعَلُوا وَ هُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ
(Surah) Aal e Imran-as – And those when they are committing an indecency or doing injustice to their own selves, are remembering Allah and asking Forgiveness for their sins – and who Forgives the sins except Allah? – and they do not persist upon what they are doing while they are knowing [3:135]
النساء إِنْ تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبائِرَ ما تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئاتِكُمْ وَ نُدْخِلْكُمْ مُدْخَلًا كَرِيماً
(Surah) Al Nisaa – If you shun the major sins which you are Forbidden from, We will Remove your (small) sins and Cause you to enter an honourable place of entering [4:31]
حمعسق وَ الَّذِينَ يَجْتَنِبُونَ كَبائِرَ الْإِثْمِ وَ الْفَواحِشَ
(Surah) Al Shura – And those who shun the major sins and immoralities, [42:37]
النجم الَّذِينَ يَجْتَنِبُونَ كَبائِرَ الْإِثْمِ وَ الْفَواحِشَ إِلَّا اللَّمَمَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ واسِعُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ
(Surah) Al Najm – Those who are shunning the major sins and the immoralities except for the ‘Lamam’, surely your Lord is Capacious of the Forgiveness. [53:32]
الواقعة وَ كانُوا يُصِرُّونَ عَلَى الْحِنْثِ الْعَظِيمِ
(Surah) Al Waqia – And they persisted upon the great perjury [56:46]
1- لي، الأمالي للصدوق فِي خَبَرِ مَنَاهِي النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا تُحَقِّرُوا شَيْئاً مِنَ الشَّرِّ وَ إِنْ صَغُرَ فِي أَعْيُنِكُمْ وَ لَا تَسْتَكْثِرُوا الْخَيْرَ وَ إِنْ كَثُرَ فِي أَعْيُنِكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَا كَبِيرَةَ مَعَ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ وَ لَا صَغِيرَةَ مَعَ الِاسْتِصْغَارِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq –
‘In a report of prohibitions by the Prophet-saww, he-saww said: ‘Do not deem anything from the evil as being insignificant and even if it were to be small in your eyes, nor deem the good as being a lot and even if it were to be a lot in your eyes, for there is no major sin with seeking the Forgiveness nor any minor sin with belittling’’.[1]
2- فس، تفسير القمي إِنْ تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبائِرَ ما تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ قَالَ هِيَ سَبْعَةٌ الْكُفْرُ وَ قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ التَّعَرُّبُ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ كُلُّ مَا وَعَدَ اللَّهُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ.
Tafseer Al Qummi –
‘If you shun the major sins which you are Forbidden from, [4:31] – He said, ‘These are seven – The Kufr, and killing the soul, and disobeying the parents, and consuming wealth of the orphan, and consuming the interest, and fleeing from the (battle) march, and the Arabism after the emigration, and all the major sins upon what Allah-azwj has Promised the Fire in the Quran’’.[2]
3- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنْ هَارُونَ عَنِ ابْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: الْحَيْفُ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ يَعْنِي الظُّلْمَ فِيهَا.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnad’ – from Haroub Ibn Sadaqah,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘The unfairness in the bequest is from the major sins, meaning the injustice in it’’.[3]
4- ع، علل الشرائع ل، الخصال عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ وَ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ مَعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ وَجَدْنَا فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ الْكَبَائِرَ خَمْسٌ الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا بَعْدَ الْبَيِّنَةِ وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ التَّعَرُّبُ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ.
(The books) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, (and) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, and Ibn Hashim, both together from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of his companion,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘We-asws found in the Book of Ali-asws: ‘The major sins are five – the Shirk with Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and disobeying the parents, and consuming the interest after the proof, and the fleeing from the battle march, and the Arabism after the emigration’’.[4]
5- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ع، علل الشرائع ل، الخصال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْكَبَائِرِ
(The books) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’, (and) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, (and) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdul Aziz Al Abdy, from Ubeyd Bin Zurara who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Inform me about the major sins’.
فَقَالَ هُنَّ خَمْسٌ وَ مَا أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِنَّ النَّارَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوالَ الْيَتامى ظُلْماً إِنَّما يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ ناراً وَ سَيَصْلَوْنَ سَعِيراً
He-asws said: ‘These are five, and whatever Allah-azwj has Obligated the Fire upon these – Allah‑azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: (As for) those who are devouring the wealth of the orphans unjustly, but rather they are swallowing fire into their bellies, and they shall be arriving at the Blazing Fire [4:10].
وَ قَالَ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذا لَقِيتُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا زَحْفاً فَلا تُوَلُّوهُمُ الْأَدْبارَ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
And Said: O you who believe! When you meet those who are committing Kufr marching for war, then do not turn your backs to them [8:15] – up to the end of the Verse.
وَ قَوْلُهُ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ ذَرُوا ما بَقِيَ مِنَ الرِّبا إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
And His-azwj Words: O you those who are believing! Fear Allah and relinquish whatever remains (due) from the [2:278] – up to the end of the Verse.
وَ رَمْيُ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ الْغَافِلَاتِ وَ قَتْلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ مُتَعَمِّداً عَلَى دِينِهِ.
And accusing the chaste married women, the unaware [24:23], and killing the Momin deliberately upon (because of) his religion’’.[5]
6- ع، علل الشرائع ل، الخصال عَنِ الْقَطَّانِ عَنِ ابْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنِ ابْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الْكَبَائِرَ سَبْعٌ فِينَا نَزَلَتْ وَ مِنَّا اسْتُحِلَّتْ فَأَوَّلُهَا الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ وَ قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَةِ وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ إِنْكَارُ حَقِّنَا
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, (and) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ibn Zakariya, from Ibn Habeeb, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from Ali Bin Hassan, from Abdul Al Rahman Bin Kaseer,
From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The major sins are seven, regarding us-asws it was Revealed and from us-asws it is released. The first of is Shirk (association) with Allah-azwj the Magnificent; and killing the soul which Allah-azwj has Prohibited; and consuming wealth of the orphan; and disobeying the parents; and slandering the married women; and fleeing from the battle march; and denying our-asws rights.
فَأَمَّا الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ فَقَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِينَا مَا أَنْزَلَ وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِينَا مَا قَالَ فَكَذَّبُوا اللَّهَ وَ كَذَّبُوا رَسُولَهُ وَ أَشْرَكُوا بِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
As for the Shirk with Allah-azwj, so Allah-azwj has Revealed regarding us-asws what He-azwj has Revealed, and Rasool-Allah-saww said regarding us-asws what he-saww said. But they belied Allah‑azwj and belied His-azwj Rasool-saww and associated with Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
وَ أَمَّا قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ فَقَدْ قَتَلُوا الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ أَصْحَابَهُ
And as for killing the soul which Allah-azwj has Prohibited, so they killed Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali‑asws and his-asws companions.
وَ أَمَّا أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ فَقَدْ ذَهَبُوا بِفَيْئِنَا الَّذِي جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَنَا فَأَعْطَوْهُ غَيْرَنَا
And as for consuming wealth of the orphan, so they went with our-asws war booty (Fey) which Allah-azwj had Made it to be for us-asws, and they gave it to others.
وَ أَمَّا عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ فَقَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ النَّبِيُّ أَوْلى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ أَزْواجُهُ أُمَّهاتُهُمْ فَعَقُّوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي ذُرِّيَّتِهِ وَ عَقُّوا أُمَّهُمْ خَدِيجَةَ فِي ذُرِّيَّتِهَا
And as for disobeying the parents, so Allah-saww Mighty and Majestic has Revealed in His-azwj Book: The Prophet is foremost with the Momineen than their own selves, and his wives are their mothers; [33:6]. They disobeyed Rasool-Allah-saww regarding his-saww offspring, and they disobeyed their mother-as (Syeda) Khadeeja-as regarding her-as offspring.
وَ أَمَّا قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَةِ فَقَدْ قَذَفُوا فَاطِمَةَ عَلَى مَنَابِرِهِمْ
And as for accusing the married women, so they had accused (Syeda) Fatima-asws upon their pulpits.
وَ أَمَّا الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ فَقَدْ أَعْطَوْا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بَيْعَتَهُمْ طَائِعِينَ غَيْرَ مُكْرَهِينَ فَفَرُّوا عَنْهُ وَ خَذَلُوهُ
And as for the fleeing from the battle march, they had given their allegiances to Amir Al-Momineen-asws willingly, without having been forced, but they fled from him-asws and abandoned him-asws.
وَ أَمَّا إِنْكَارُ حَقِّنَا فَهَذَا مَا لَا يَتَنَازَعُونَ فِيهِ.
As for denying our-asws rights, so this is what they are not even disputing regarding it’’.[6]
7- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ع، علل الشرائع عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْحَسَنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع قَالَ: دَخَلَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الْبَصْرِيُّ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ وَ جَلَسَ عِنْدَهُ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ قَوْلَهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ الَّذِينَ يَجْتَنِبُونَ كَبائِرَ الْإِثْمِ وَ الْفَواحِشَ ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَ عَنْهُ
(The books) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws, may the greetings be upon him-asws, (and), ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Ibn Al Mutawakkal, from Al Asadabady, from Al Barqy, from Abdul Azeem Al Hasany,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws the 2nd, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘Amro Bin Ubeyd Al-Basry entered to see Abu Abdullah-asws. When he had greeted and sat down in his-asws presence, he recited this Verse, Words of Mighty and Majestic: And those who shun the major sins and immoralities [42:37], then he withheld from him-asws.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا أَسْكَتَكَ
Abu Abdullah-asws said to him: ‘What made you withhold?’
قَالَ أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَعْرِفَ الْكَبَائِرَ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ
He said, ‘I would love to know the major sins from the Book of Allah-azwj’.
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ يَا عَمْرُو أَكْبَرُ الْكَبَائِرِ الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِنَّهُ مَنْ يُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ فَقَدْ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ وَ مَأْواهُ النَّارُ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, O Amro! The most major of the major sins is the Shirk (association) with Allah-azwj. Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Says: surely the one who associates with Allah, so Allah would Prohibit the Paradise unto him and his abode would be the Fire, [5:72].
وَ بَعْدَهُ الْيَأْسُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ وَ لا تَيْأَسُوا مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لا يَيْأَسُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْقَوْمُ الْكافِرُونَ
And after it is the despair from the Mercy of Allah-azwj, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: and do not despair from Mercy of Allah; surely none despairs of Allah’s Mercy except the Kafirs [12:87].
وَ الْأَمْنُ مِنْ مَكْرِ اللَّهِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ فَلا يَأْمَنُ مَكْرَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْقَوْمُ الْخاسِرُونَ
And feeling safe from the Plan of Allah-azwj, because Allah-azwj Says: Are they feeling safe from the Plan of Allah? But no one feels secure from the Plan of Allah except the people (who are) losers [7:99].
وَ مِنْهَا عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَعَلَ الْعَاقَّ جَبَّاراً شَقِيّاً
And from it is disobeying the parents, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Made the disobedient as a tyrant, a wretch (see 19:32).
وَ قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ فَجَزاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خالِداً فِيها إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
And killing the soul which Allah-azwj has Prohibited except by right, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: his Recompense is Hell, being eternally in it [4:93] – up to end of the Verse.
وَ قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ لُعِنُوا فِي الدُّنْيا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ عَظِيمٌ
And slandering the married women, because Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Says: they would be Cursed in the world and the Hereafter, and for them is a mighty Punishment [24:23].
وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ ظُلْماً لِقَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّما يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ ناراً وَ سَيَصْلَوْنَ سَعِيراً
And consuming wealth of the orphan unjustly, due to Words of Mighty and Majestic: but rather they are swallowing fire into their bellies, and they shall be arriving at the Blazing Fire [4:10].
وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ وَ مَنْ يُوَلِّهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ دُبُرَهُ إِلَّا مُتَحَرِّفاً لِقِتالٍ أَوْ مُتَحَيِّزاً إِلى فِئَةٍ فَقَدْ باءَ بِغَضَبٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مَأْواهُ جَهَنَّمُ وَ بِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ
And the fleeing from the battle march, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: And the one who turns his back to them on that day – except for a strategy of battle or retreating to a group – so he has incurred Wrath from Allah, and his abode is Hell, and the destination is evil [8:16].
وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ الرِّبا لا يَقُومُونَ إِلَّا كَما يَقُومُ الَّذِي يَتَخَبَّطُهُ الشَّيْطانُ مِنَ الْمَسِ
And consuming the interest, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: Those who are consuming the interest are not standing except as the standing of the one whom the Satan has confused him from the craze [2:275].
وَ السِّحْرُ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمُوا لَمَنِ اشْتَراهُ ما لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ خَلاقٍ
And the sorcery, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: And they had taught to the one who acquired it (sorcery), there would be no share for him in the Hereafter [2:102].
وَ الزِّنَا لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ وَ مَنْ يَفْعَلْ ذلِكَ يَلْقَ أَثاماً يُضاعَفْ لَهُ الْعَذابُ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ وَ يَخْلُدْ فِيهِ مُهاناً إِلَّا مَنْ تابَ
And the adultery, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: And one who does that, indulges in sin [25:68] The Punishment would be doubled for him on the Day of Judgment, and he would be therein eternally in disgrace [25:69] Except one who repents, [25:70].
وَ الْيَمِينُ الْغَمُوسُ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَ أَيْمانِهِمْ ثَمَناً قَلِيلًا أُولئِكَ لا خَلاقَ لَهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ
And the oath immersed (in sin), because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: Those who are taking for the Covenant of Allah and their own oaths, a small price – there shall be no portion for them in the Hereafter [3:77].
وَ الْغُلُولُ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ مَنْ يَغْلُلْ يَأْتِ بِما غَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ
And the embezzlement, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: and the one who embezzles will bring what he had embezzled with him on the Day of Qiyamah [3:161].
وَ مَنْعُ الزَّكَاةِ الْمَفْرُوضَةِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ فَتُكْوى بِها جِباهُهُمْ وَ جُنُوبُهُمْ
And preventing (refusing to pay) the Zakat, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: then their foreheads and their sides and their backs shall be branded with it [9:35].
وَ شَهَادَةُ الزُّورِ وَ كِتْمَانُ الشَّهَادَةِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ وَ مَنْ يَكْتُمْها فَإِنَّهُ آثِمٌ قَلْبُهُ
And the false testimony and concealing the testimony, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: and the one who conceals it, so he is of a sinful heart [2:283].
وَ شُرْبُ الْخَمْرِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَدَلَ بِهَا عِبَادَةَ الْأَوْثَانِ
And drinking the wine, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Equated with it worshipping the idols. (p.s. see 5:90)
وَ تَرْكُ الصَّلَاةِ مُتَعَمِّداً لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ مَنْ تَرَكَ الصَّلَاةَ مُتَعَمِّداً فَقَدْ بَرِئَ مِنْ ذِمَّةِ اللَّهِ وَ ذِمَّةِ رَسُولِهِ
And neglecting the Salat deliberately, because Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who neglects the Salat deliberately so he is disavowed from Responsibility of Allah-azwj and responsibility of His‑azwj Rasool-saww.
وَ نَقْضُ الْعَهْدِ وَ قَطِيعَةُ الرَّحِمِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ أُولئِكَ لَهُمُ اللَّعْنَةُ وَ لَهُمْ سُوءُ الدَّارِ
And breaking the agreement, and cutting off the kinship, because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: They, for them is the Curse and for them would be the evil abode [13:25]’.
فَخَرَجَ عَمْرٌو وَ لَهُ صُرَاخٌ مِنْ بُكَائِهِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ هَلَكَ مَنْ قَالَ بِرَأْيِهِ وَ نَازَعَكُمْ فِي الْفَضْلِ وَ الْعِلْمِ.
Amro went out, and for him were shrieks from his crying, and he was saying, ‘Destroyed is the one who speaks by his opinion and disputes with you (Imams-asws) regarding the merit and the knowledge!’’[7]
8- ع، علل الشرائع بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ وَ مَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِناً مُتَعَمِّداً فَجَزاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خالِداً فِيها وَ غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَعَنَهُ وَ أَعَدَّ لَهُ عَذاباً عَظِيماً.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Killing the soul is from the major sins because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: And whoever kills a Momin intentionally, his Recompense is Hell, being eternally in it, and Allah would be Wrathful upon him and Curse him, and would Prepare for him a grievous Punishment [4:93]’’.[8]
9- ع، علل الشرائع بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ لُعِنُوا فِي الدُّنْيا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ عَظِيمٌ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Slandering the married women is from the major sins because Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: they would be Cursed in the world and the Hereafter, and for them is a grievous Punishment [24:23]’’.[9]
10- ع، علل الشرائع فِي عِلَلِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ أَنَّ الرِّضَا ع كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ فِيمَا كَتَبَ عَنْ جَوَابِ مَسَائِلِهِ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْفِرَارَ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ لِمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْوَهْنِ فِي الدِّينِ وَ الِاسْتِخْفَافِ بِالرُّسُلِ وَ الْأَئِمَّةِ الْعَادِلَةِ وَ تَرْكِ نُصْرَتِهِمْ عَلَى الْأَعْدَاءِ وَ الْعُقُوبَةِ لَهُمْ عَلَى إِنْكَارِ مَا دُعُوا إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْإِقْرَارِ بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَ إِظْهَارِ الْعَدْلِ وَ تَرْكِ الْجَوْرِ وَ إِمَاتَةِ الْفَسَادِ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, in ‘Ilal’ of Muhammad Bin Sinan,
‘Al-Reza-asws wrote to him regarding what he had written, in answer to his question: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Prohibited the fleeing from the battle march due to what is in it from the weakness in the religion, and taking lightly with the Rasools-as and the just Imams-asws, and neglect of helping them-asws against the enemies, and the Punishment for them upon the denial of what they-asws are calling to of the acknowledgment with the Lordship, and neglecting the tyranny and killing the corruption.
وَ لِمَا فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ جُرْأَةِ الْعَدُوِّ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ مَا يَكُونُ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنَ السَّبْيِ وَ الْقَتْلِ وَ إِبْطَالِ دِينِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ غَيْرِهِ مِنَ الْفَسَادِ
And due to what is in that from the audacity of the enemy against the Muslims, and what would happen during that from the captives, and the killing, and invalidation of religion of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and other such from the corruption.
وَ حَرَّمَ التَّعَرُّبَ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ لِلرُّجُوعِ عَنِ الدِّينِ وَ تَرْكِ الْمُوَازَرَةِ لِلْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ الْحُجَجِ ع وَ مَا فِي ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْفَسَادِ وَ إِبْطَالِ حَقِّ كُلِّ ذِي حَقٍّ لَا لِعِلَّةِ سُكْنَى الْبَدْوِ
And He-azwj has Prohibited the Arabism after the emigration for the retraction from the religion, and neglecting the visitations to the Prophets-as and the Divine Authorities, and what is in that from the corruption and invalidation of the right of everyone with a right, not for the reason of the Bedouin habitations.
وَ لِذَلِكَ لَوْ عَرَفَ الرَّجُلُ الدِّينَ كَامِلًا لَمْ يَجُزْ لَهُ مُسَاكَنَةُ أَهْلِ الْجَهْلِ لِلْخَوْفِ عَلَيْهِ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يُؤْمَنُ أَنْ يَقَعَ مِنْهُ تَرْكُ الْعِلْمِ وَ الدُّخُولُ مَعَ أَهْلِ الْجَهْلِ وَ التَّمَادِي فِي ذَلِكَ.
And for that (reason), if the man were to recognise the religion perfectly it is not allowed for him to be dwelling with people of ignorance due to the fear upon him, because he will not be safe from him falling into neglect of the knowledge and entering with the people of ignorance and exceeding in that’’.[10]
11- ل، الخصال فِي خَبَرِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع الْكَبَائِرُ مُحَرَّمَةٌ وَ هِيَ الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ ظُلْماً وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا بَعْدَ الْبَيِّنَةِ وَ قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – in a report of Al Amsh,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘The major sins are Prohibited, and these are – the Shirk (association) with Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic; and killing the soul which Allah-azwj has Prohibited; and disobeying the parents; and fleeing from the battle march; and consuming wealth of the orphan unjustly; and consuming the interest after the proof; and slandering the married women.
وَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الزِّنَا وَ اللِّوَاطُ وَ السَّرِقَةُ وَ أَكْلُ الْمَيْتَةِ وَ الدَّمِ وَ لَحْمِ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَ ما أُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ ضَرُورَةٍ
And after that is the adultery, and the sodomy, and the stealing, and eating the dead, and the blood, and meat of the pig, and whatever has been offered for other than Allah-azwj (e.g., idols), from without being desperate.
وَ أَكْلُ السُّحْتِ وَ الْبَخْسُ فِي الْمِكْيَالِ وَ الْمِيزَانِ وَ الْمَيْسِرُ وَ شَهَادَةُ الزُّورِ وَ الْيَأْسُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ وَ الْأَمْنُ مِنْ مَكْرِ اللَّهِ وَ الْقُنُوطُ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ وَ تَرْكُ مُعَاوَنَةِ الْمَظْلُومِينَ وَ الرُّكُونُ إِلَى الظَّالِمِينَ
And consuming the ill-gotten gains, and the underestimation in the measure and the weight, and the gambling, and the false testimony, and the despair from Mercy of Allah-azwj, and feeling safe from Plan of Allah-azwj, and the despair from Mercy of Allah-azwj, and neglecting assisting the oppressed, and the inclining to the oppressors.
وَ الْيَمِينُ الْغَمُوسُ وَ حَبْسُ الْحُقُوقِ مِنْ غَيْرِ عُسْرٍ وَ اسْتِعْمَالُ الْكِبْرِ وَ التَّجَبُّرِ وَ الْكَذِبُ وَ الْإِسْرَافُ وَ التَّبْذِيرُ وَ الْخِيَانَةُ وَ الِاسْتِخْفَافُ بِالْحَجِّ وَ الْمُحَارَبَةُ لِأَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
And the oath immersed in sin, and withholding the rights from without having (financial) hardship, and utilising the arrogance, and the compulsion, and the lying, and the extravagance, and the wasting, and the betraying, and taking lightly with the Hajj, and battling friends of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
وَ الْمَلَاهِي الَّتِي تَصُدُّ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى مَكْرُوهَةٌ كَالْغِنَاءِ وَ ضَرْبِ الْأَوْتَارِ وَ الْإِصْرَارِ عَلَى صَغَائِرِ الذُّنُوبِ
And the amusements which hinder from Zikr of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted, abhorrence(s) like the singing, and striking the strings (of guitar etc.), and the persistence upon the minor sins’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ ع إِنَّ فِي هذا لَبَلاغاً لِقَوْمٍ عابِدِينَ.
Then he-asws said: ‘Surely in this there is a Message for a worshipping people [21:106]’’.[11]
12- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام فِيمَا كَتَبَ الرِّضَا ع لِلْمَأْمُونِ مِنْ شَرَائِعِ الدِّينِ وَ اجْتِنَابُ الْكَبَائِرِ وَ هِيَ قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ الزِّنَا وَ السَّرِقَةُ وَ شُرْبُ الْخَمْرِ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ ظُلْماً
(The book) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greetings be upon him-asws – ‘Among what Al-Reza-asws wrote for Al-Mamoun from the laws of religion: ‘And shun the major sins, and these are – killing the soul which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Prohibited; and the adultery; and the stealing; and drinking the wine; and disobeying the parents; and the fleeing from the battle march; and consuming wealth of the orphan unjustly.
وَ أَكْلُ الْمَيْتَةِ وَ الدَّمِ وَ لَحْمِ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَ ما أُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ ضَرُورَةٍ وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا بَعْدَ الْبَيِّنَةِ وَ السُّحْتِ وَ الْمَيْسِرُ وَ هُوَ الْقِمَارُ وَ الْبَخْسُ فِي الْمِكْيَالِ وَ الْمِيزَانِ
And consuming the dead, and the blood, and meat of the pig, and whatever is offered for other than Allah-azwj (e.g., to idols), from without desperation, and consuming the interest after the proof, and the ill-gotten gains, and the games of chance, and it is the gambling, and the underestimating in the measure and the weight.
وَ قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ وَ اللِّوَاطُ وَ شَهَادَةُ الزُّورِ وَ الْيَأْسُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ وَ الْأَمْنُ مِنْ مَكْرِ اللَّهِ وَ الْقُنُوطُ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ وَ مَعُونَةُ الظَّالِمِينَ وَ الرُّكُونُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ الْيَمِينُ الْغَمُوسُ وَ حَبْسُ الْحُقُوقِ مِنْ غَيْرِ عُسْرٍ وَ الْكَذِبُ وَ الْكِبْرُ
And slandering the married women, and the sodomy, and the false testimony, and the despair from Comfort of Allah-azwj, and feeling safe from the Plan of Allah-azwj, and the despair from Mercy of Allah-azwj, and assisting the oppressors and inclining towards them, and the oath immersed in sin, and withholding the rights from without (financial) hardship, and the lying, and the arrogance.
وَ الْإِسْرَافُ وَ التَّبْذِيرُ وَ الْخِيَانَةُ وَ الِاسْتِخْفَافُ بِالْحَجِّ وَ الْمُحَارَبَةُ لِأَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ الِاشْتِغَالُ بِالْمَلَاهِي وَ الْإِصْرَارُ عَلَى الذُّنُوبِ.
And the extravagance, and the wasting, and the betrayal, and taking lightly with the Hajj, and battling the friends of Allah-azwj the Exalted, and being pre-occupied with the amusements, and the persistence upon the sins’’.[12]
13- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِنْ تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبائِرَ ما تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئاتِكُمْ قَالَ مَنِ اجْتَنَبَ مَا أَوْعَدَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ إِذَا كَانَ مُؤْمِناً كَفَّرَ عَنْهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzeyl,
‘From Al-Reza-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted: If you shun the major sins which you are Forbidden from, We will Remove your (small) sins and Cause you to enter an honourable place of entering [4:31], he-asws said: ‘One who shuns what Allah-azwj has Threatened the Fire upon, when he were to be a Momin, He-azwj would Expiate his evil deeds from him’’.[13]
14- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ مُوسَى الْبَغْدَادِيِّ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنْ تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبائِرَ ما تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئاتِكُمْ قَالَ مَنِ اجْتَنَبَ مَا أَوْعَدَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ إِذَا كَانَ مُؤْمِناً كَفَّرَ عَنْهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Musa Al Baghdadi, from Al Washa, from Ahmad Bin Umeyr Al Halby who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: If you shun the major sins which you are Forbidden from, We will Remove your (small) sins and Cause you to enter an honourable place of entering [4:31]. He-asws said: ‘One who shuns what Allah-azwj has Threatened the Fire upon, if he were to be a Momin, He-azwj would Expiate his evil deeds from him.
وَ الْكَبَائِرُ السَّبْعُ الْمُوجِبَاتُ النَّارِ قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الْحَرَامِ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا وَ التَّعَرُّبُ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَةِ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ.
And the major sins are seven, obliging the Fire – killing the soul Prohibited (to kill), and disobeying the parents, and consuming the interest, and the Arabism after the emigration, and slandering the married women, and consuming wealth of the orphan, and fleeing from the battle march’’.[14]
15- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الْكَبَائِرِ فَقَالَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ أَوْعَدَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Al Ashari, from Ali Bin Ismail, from Ahmad Bin Al Nazr, from Abbad Bin Kaseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the major sins. He said, ‘All things Allah-azwj has Threatened the Fire upon’’.[15]
16- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الْكَذِبُ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَ عَلَى الْأَوْصِيَاءِ ع مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from Al Kufi, from Abdul Rahman Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Khadeeja,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The lying upon Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and upon His-azwj Rasool-saww, and upon the successors-asws from the major sins’’.[16]
17- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ مَنْ يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ لَمْ يُصِرُّوا عَلى ما فَعَلُوا وَ هُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ قَالَ الْإِصْرَارُ أَنْ يُذْنِبَ الْعَبْدُ وَ لَا يَسْتَغْفِرَ وَ لَا يُحَدِّثَ نَفْسَهُ بِالتَّوْبَةِ فَذَلِكَ الْإِصْرَارُ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – ‘From Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj: and who Forgives the sins except Allah? – and they do not persist upon what they are doing while they are knowing [3:135]. He-asws said: ‘The persistence is the servant committing sin, and he does not seek the Forgiveness, nor does he discuss himself with the repentance, so that is the persistence’’.[17]
18- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُيَسِّرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَنَا وَ عَلْقَمَةُ الْحَضْرَمِيُّ وَ أَبُو حَسَّانَ الْعِجْلِيُّ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَجْلَانَ نَنْتَظِرُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا فَقَالَ مَرْحَباً وَ أَهْلًا وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ رِيحَكُمْ وَ أَرْوَاحَكُمْ وَ إِنَّكُمْ لَعَلَى دِينِ اللَّهِ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Muyassir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I, and Alqamah Al-Hazrami, and Abu Hassan Al-Ijaly, and Abdullah Bin Ajlan were awaiting Abu Ja’far-asws. He-asws came out to us. He-asws said: ‘Hello and welcome! By Allah-azwj, I-asws love your aromas and your souls, and you are upon the religion of Allah-azwj!’
فَقَالَ عَلْقَمَةُ فَمَنْ كَانَ عَلَى دِينِ اللَّهِ تَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ
Alqamah said, ‘The one who were to be upon religion of Allah-azwj, you-asws testify that he is from the people of Paradise?’
قَالَ فَمَكَثَ هُنَيْهَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ نَوِّرُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُونُوا قَرَفْتُمُ الْكَبَائِرَ فَأَنَا أَشْهَدُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws waited for a while, then said: ‘Enlighten your souls, for if you do not happen to commit the major sins, so I-asws hereby testify!’
قُلْنَا وَ مَا الْكَبَائِرُ
We said, ‘And what are the major sins?’
قَالَ هِيَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَلَى سَبْعٍ
He-asws said: ‘These are seven in the Book of Allah-azwj’.
قُلْنَا فَعُدَّهَا عَلَيْنَا جُعِلْنَا فِدَاكَ
We said, ‘Count these to us, may Allah-azwj Make us your-asws ransom!’
قَالَ الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا بَعْدَ الْبَيِّنَةِ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ قَتْلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَةِ
He-asws said: ‘The Shirk (association) with Allah-azwj the Magnificent; and consuming wealth of the orphan; and consuming the interest after the proof; and disobedience to the parents; and the fleeing from the battle march; and killing the Momin; and slandering the married women’.
قُلْنَا مَا مِنَّا أَحَدٌ أَصَابَ مِنْ هَذِهِ شَيْئاً
We said, ‘There is no one from us who has committed anything from these!’
قَالَ فَأَنْتُمْ إِذًا.
He-asws said: ‘So you are then (from the people of Paradise)’’.[18]
19- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يَا مُعَاذُ الْكَبَائِرُ سَبْعٌ فِينَا أُنْزِلَتْ وَ مِنَّا اسْتُحِقَّتْ وَ أَكْبَرُ الْكَبَائِرِ الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ وَ قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ إِنْكَارُ حَقِّنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Muaz Bin Kaseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The major sins are seven, Revealed regarding us-asws and are deservedly from us-asws – and the most major sin is the Shirk (association) with Allah-azwj, and killing the soul which Allah-azwj has Prohibited (to kill), and disobeying the parents, and slandering the married women, and consuming wealth of the orphan, and fleeing from the battle march, and denying our-asws rights, People-asws of the Household.
فَأَمَّا الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَالَ فِينَا مَا قَالَ وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا قَالَ فَكَذَّبُوا اللَّهَ وَ كَذَّبُوا رَسُولَهُ
As for the Shirk (association) with Allah-azwj, so Allah-azwj has Said regarding us-asws what He-azwj Said, and Rasool-Allah-saww has said what he-saww said, and they belied Allah-azwj and belied His‑azwj Rasool-saww.
وَ أَمَّا قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ فَقَدْ قَتَلُوا الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ وَ أَصْحَابَهُ
And as for killing the soul which Allah-azwj has Prohibited, they killed Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws and his-asws companions.
وَ أَمَّا عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَالَ فِي كِتَابِهِ النَّبِيُّ أَوْلى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ أَزْواجُهُ أُمَّهاتُهُمْ وَ هُوَ أَبٌ لِكَرِيمَتِهِمْ فَقَدْ عَقُّوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي دِينِهِ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ
And as for disobeying the parents, Allah-azwj Said in His-azwj Book: The Prophet is foremost with the Momineen than their own selves, and his wives are their mothers; [33:6], and he-saww is a father for their honour. They disobeyed Rasool-Allah-saww regarding his-saww religion and People-asws of his-saww Household.
وَ أَمَّا قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ فَقَدْ قَذَفُوا فَاطِمَةَ عَلَى مَنَابِرِهِمْ وَ أَمَّا أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ فَقَدْ ذَهَبُوا بِفَيْئِنَا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
And as for slandering the married women, they had slandered (Syeda) Fatima-asws upon their pulpits; and as for consuming wealth of the orphan, they went with our-asws war booty (Fey) in the Book of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
وَ أَمَّا الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ فَقَدْ أَعْطَوْا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بَيْعَتَهُمْ غَيْرَ كَارِهِينَ ثُمَّ فَرُّوا عَنْهُ وَ خَذَلُوهُ وَ أَمَّا إِنْكَارُ حَقِّنَا فَهَذَا مِمَّا لَا يَتَعَاجَمُونَ فِيهِ
And as for the fleeing from the battle march, they had given their allegiances to Amir Al-Momineen-asws without having been forced. Then they fled from him-asws and abandoned him‑asws; and as for the denial of our-asws rights, so this is from what they are not been speechless regarding it’’.[19]
وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ وَ التَّعَرُّبُ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ.
And in another Hadeeth: ‘And the Arabism from (after) the emigration’’.[20]
شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الْكَذِبُ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَ عَلَى الْأَوْصِيَاءِ ع مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abu Khadeeja,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The lying upon Allah-azwj, and upon His-azwj Rasool-saww, and upon the successors-asws is from the major sins’’.[21]
20- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع أَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى إِنْ تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبائِرَ ما تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ عِبَادَةَ الْأَوْثَانِ وَ شُرْبَ الْخَمْرِ وَ قَتْلَ النَّفْسِ وَ عُقُوقَ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ قَذْفَ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ وَ الْفِرَارَ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ أَكْلَ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Al Abbas Bin Hilal,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws having mentioned regarding Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: If you shun the major sins which you are Forbidden from, [4:31]: ‘Worshipping the idols, and drinking the wine, and killing the soul, and disobeying the parents, and slandering the married women, and the fleeing from the battle march, and consuming wealth of the orphan’’.[22]
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى عَنْهُ ع أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ ظُلْماً وَ كُلُّ مَا أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ.
And in another report from him-asws: ‘Consuming wealth of the orphan unjustly, and all what Allah-azwj has Obligated the Fire upon’’.[23]
شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى عَنْهُ وَ إِنْكَارُ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ أَنْكَرُوا حَقَّنَا وَ جَحَدُونَا وَ هَذَا لَا يَتَعَاجَمُ فِيهِ أحدا [أَحَدٌ].
Tafseer Al Ayyashi –
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws in another report from him-asws, ‘Denial of what Allah-azwj has Revealed. They denied our-asws rights and rejected us-asws, and this, no one is speechless regarding it’’.[24]
21- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي أَعْمَالِ السُّلْطَانِ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Suleyman Al Ja’fari who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws, ‘What are you-asws regarding office bearers of the ruler?’
فَقَالَ يَا سُلَيْمَانُ الدُّخُولُ فِي أَعْمَالِهِمْ وَ الْعَوْنُ لَهُمْ وَ السَّعْيُ فِي حَوَائِجِهِمْ عَدِيلُ الْكُفْرِ وَ النَّظَرُ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَى الْعَمْدِ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ الَّتِي يُسْتَحَقُّ بِهَا النَّارُ.
He-asws said: ‘O Suleyman! The entering into their works, and the assisting to them, and the striving regarding their needs equates to Kufr, and the looking at them deliberately is from the major sins which the Fire is deserved with it’’.[25]
22- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: السُّكْرُ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ وَ الْحَيْفُ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Al Sakuny,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘The intoxication is from the major sins, and the unfairness in the bequest is from the major sins’’.[26]
23- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ إِنْ تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبائِرَ ما تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئاتِكُمْ قَالَ مَنِ اجْتَنَبَ مَا أَوْعَدَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ إِذَا كَانَ مُؤْمِناً كَفَّرَ عَنْهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzeyl,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj: If you shun the major sins which you are Forbidden from, We will Remove your (small) sins [4:31]. He-asws said: ‘One who shuns what Allah-azwj has Threatened the Fire upon, when he were to be a Momin, He-azwj Expiate his evil deeds from him’’.[27]
وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فِي آخِرِ مَا فَسَّرَ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ لَا تَجْتَرِءُوا.
And Abu Abdullah-asws said in another (Hadeeth) has he-asws interpreted: ‘Therefore fear Allah‑azwj and do not be audacious (upon committing sins)!’’[28]
24- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ كَثِيرٍ النَّوَّاءِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الْكَبَائِرِ قَالَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ أَوْعَدَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Kaseer Al Nawa’a who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the major sins. He-asws said: ‘All things all has Threatened the Fire upon’’.[29]
25- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْكَبَائِرِ فَقَالَ مِنْهَا أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ ظُلْماً وَ لَيْسَ فِي هَذَا بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِنَا اخْتِلَافٌ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Ubeyd Bin Zurara,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the major sins. He-asws said: ‘From these is consuming wealth of the orphan unjustly, and there isn’t any differing regarding this between our-asws companions, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj’’.[30]
26- جا، المجالس للمفيد عَنِ ابْنِ قُولَوَيْهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ نَاحَةَ الْبَصْرِيِّ جَمِيعاً قَالا حَدَّثَنَا مُيَسِّرٌ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِيمَنْ لَا يَعْصِي اللَّهَ فِي أَمْرِهِ وَ نَهْيِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ يَبْرَأُ مِنْكَ وَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ
(The book) ‘Al Majaalis’ of Al Mufeed – from Ibn Qawlawiya, from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abdul Kareem Bin Amro, and Ibrahim Bin Naha Al Basri, both together said, ‘It is narrated to us by Muyassir who said,
‘Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws said to me: ‘What are you-asws saying regarding the one who does not disobey Allah-azwj in His-azwj Commands and His-azwj Prohibitions, except he disavows from you and from your companions upon this matter (Al-Wilayah)?’
قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ مَا عَسَيْتُ أَنْ أَقُولَ وَ أَنَا بِحَضْرَتِكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘And what can I possibly be saying and I am in your-asws presence?’
قَالَ قُلْ فَإِنِّي أَنَا الَّذِي آمُرُكَ أَنْ تَقُولَ
He-asws said: ‘Say (it), for I-asws am the one who is ordering you to say!’
قَالَ قُلْتُ هُوَ فِي النَّارِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘He would be in the Fire’.
قَالَ يَا مُيَسِّرُ مَا تَقُولُ فِيمَنْ يَدِينُ اللَّهَ بِمَا تَدِينُهُ بِهِ وَ فِيهِ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ مَا فِي النَّاسِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ مُجْتَنِبُ الْكَبَائِرِ
He-asws said: ‘O Muyassir! What are you saying regarding the one makes it a religion with what you are making it with, and in him are the sins what are in the people, except that he shuns the major sins?’
قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ مَا عَسَيْتُ أَنْ أَقُولَ وَ أَنَا بِحَضْرَتِكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘And what can I possibly be saying and I am in your-asws presence?’
قَالَ قُلْ فَإِنِّي أَنَا الَّذِي آمُرُكَ أَنْ تَقُولَ
He-asws said: ‘Say (it), for I-asws am the one who is ordering you to say!’
قَالَ قُلْتُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘In the Paradise’.
قَالَ فَلَعَلَّكَ تَتَحَرَّجُ أَنْ تَقُولَ هُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ
He-asws said: ‘Perhaps you hesitated in saying he would be in the Paradise’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘No’.
قَالَ لَا تَحَرَّجْ فَإِنَّهُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ إِنْ تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبائِرَ ما تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئاتِكُمْ وَ نُدْخِلْكُمْ مُدْخَلًا كَرِيماً.
He-asws said: ‘Do not hesitate, for surely, he will be in the Paradise. Allah-azwj Says: If you shun the major sins which you are Forbidden from, We will Remove your (small) sins and Cause you to enter an honourable place of entering [4:31]’’.[31]
باب 69 الزنا
CHAPTER 69 – THE ADULTERY
الآيات
The Verses –
الأنعام وَ لا تَقْرَبُوا الْفَواحِشَ ما ظَهَرَ مِنْها وَ ما بَطَنَ
(Surah) Al Anaam: ‘And you will not approach the immoralities, whatever is apparent from these and what is hidden, [6:151]
الإسراء وَ لا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنى إِنَّهُ كانَ فاحِشَةً وَ ساءَ سَبِيلًا
(Surah) Al Isra’a: And do not go near the adultery; it was always an immorality and an evil way [17:32]
النور وَ لا تُكْرِهُوا فَتَياتِكُمْ عَلَى الْبِغاءِ إِنْ أَرَدْنَ تَحَصُّناً لِتَبْتَغُوا عَرَضَ الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا وَ مَنْ يُكْرِهْهُنَّ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ مِنْ بَعْدِ إِكْراهِهِنَّ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
(Surah) Al Noor: and do not compel your young girls upon the immoralities if they want the chastity, in order to see the display the world of the world. And ones who are compelled, so Allah, from after their being compelled, is Forgiving, Merciful [24:33]
الفرقان وَ لا يَزْنُونَ وَ مَنْ يَفْعَلْ ذلِكَ يَلْقَ أَثاماً يُضاعَفْ لَهُ الْعَذابُ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ وَ يَخْلُدْ فِيهِ مُهاناً إِلَّا مَنْ تابَ وَ آمَنَ وَ عَمِلَ عَمَلًا صالِحاً فَأُوْلئِكَ يُبَدِّلُ اللَّهُ سَيِّئاتِهِمْ حَسَناتٍ وَ كانَ اللَّهُ غَفُوراً رَحِيماً.
(Surah) Al Furqan: nor are they committing adultery. And one who does that, indulges in sin [25:68] The Punishment would be doubled for him on the Day of Judgment, and he would be therein eternally in disgrace [25:69] Except one who repents, and believes, and does righteous deeds, so those ones, Allah would Replace their evil deeds with good deeds, and Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful [25:70].
1- لي، الأمالي للصدوق عَنِ ابْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الشِّبَامِيِّ عَنْ نَوْفٍ الْبِكَالِيِّ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: كَذَبَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ وُلِدَ مِنْ حَلَالٍ وَ هُوَ يُحِبُّ الزِّنَا وَ كَذَبَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ يَعْرِفُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ هُوَ مُجْتَرِئٌ عَلَى مَعَاصِي اللَّهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ وَ لَيْلَةٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – from Ibn Idrees, from his father, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad, from Bakr Bin Khuneys, from Abu Abdullah Al Shaybami, from Nowf Al Bikaly,
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘He is lying, the one who claims that he has been born from Permissible means while he loves the adultery; and he is lying, the one who claims that he recognises Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic while he is audacious upon disobeying Allah‑azwj every day and night’’.[32]
2- لي، الأمالي للصدوق عَنِ الْفَامِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ رِبَاطٍ عَنِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: بَرُّوا آبَاءَكُمْ يَبَرَّكُمْ أَبْنَاؤُكُمْ وَ عِفُّوا عَنْ نِسَاءِ النَّاسِ تَعِفَّ نِسَاؤُكُمْ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – from Al Famy, from Muhammad Al Himeyri, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Ibn Ribat, from Al Hazramy,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Be righteous to your fathers, your sons will be righteous with you, and be chaste from women of the people, they will be chaste from your women!’’[33]
3- لي، الأمالي للصدوق عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْرُورٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنِ الْأَزْدِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْكَرْخِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: عَلَامَاتُ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا ثَلَاثٌ سُوءُ الْمَحْضَرِ وَ الْحَنِينُ إِلَى الزِّنَا وَ بُغْضُنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – from Ibn Masrour, from Ibn Aamir, from his uncle, from Al Azdy, from Ibrahim Al Karkhy,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Signs of a son of adultery (bastard) are three – evil attendance, and the longing to commit the adultery, and hating us-asws People-asws of the Household’’.[34]
4- لي، الأمالي للصدوق عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعٌ لَا تَدْخُلُ بَيْتاً وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ إِلَّا خَرِبَ وَ لَمْ يُعْمَرْ بِالْبَرَكَةِ الْخِيَانَةُ وَ السَّرِقَةُ وَ شُرْبُ الْخَمْرِ وَ الزِّنَا.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – from Ibn Al Mugheira, from his grandfather, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Four, not one of these will enter a house except it would be ruined and not built with the Blessings – the betrayal, and the theft, and drinking the wine, and the adultery’’.[35]
5- فس، تفسير القمي فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ لا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنى إِنَّهُ كانَ فاحِشَةً يَقُولُ مَعْصِيَةً وَ مَقْتاً فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَمْقُتُهُ وَ يُبْغِضُهُ
(The book) ‘Tafseer Al Qummi’ – in a report by Abu Al Jaroud –
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding Words of the Exalted: ‘And do not go near the adultery; it was always an immorality. He-asws said: ‘A disobedience and an abomination, for Allah-azwj Abhors it and Hates it.
قَالَ وَ ساءَ سَبِيلًا هُوَ أَشَدُّ النَّاسِ عَذَاباً وَ الزِّنَا مِنْ أَكْبَرِ الْكَبَائِرِ.
He-asws said: and an evil way – and it (deserves) the harshest of the Punishment for the people, and the adultery is the biggest of the major sins’’.[36]
6- فس، تفسير القمي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِي مَرَرْتُ بِنِسْوَانٍ مُعَلَّقَاتٍ بِثَدْيِهِنَّ
Tafseer Al Qummi – from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘When there was an ascension with me-saww, I-saww passed by women hanging by their breasts’.
فَقُلْتُ مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ
I-saww said: ‘Who are they, O Jibraeel-as?’
فَقَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ اللَّوَاتِي يُورِثْنَ أَمْوَالَ أَزْوَاجِهِنَّ أَوْلَادَ غَيْرِهِمْ
He-as said: ‘They are those who had made children of others, the inheritance of their husbands’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُ اللَّهِ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ أَدْخَلَتْ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فِي نَسَبِهِمْ مَنْ لَيْسَ مِنْهُمْ فَاطَّلَعَ عَلَى عَوْرَاتِهِمْ وَ أَكَلَ خَزَائِنَهُمْ.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Intensified Wrath upon a woman who enters upon a people in their lineage, someone who isn’t from them, so he is notified upon the nakedness (defects) and consumes their treasures’’.[37]
7- ل، الخصال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دُرُسْتَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَجْلَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: ثَلَاثَةٌ يُدْخِلُهُمُ اللَّهُ النَّارَ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ إِمَامٌ جَائِرٌ وَ تَاجِرٌ كَذُوبٌ وَ شَيْخٌ زَانٍ الْخَبَرَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Al Himeyri, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his brother, from Fazalah, from Suleyman Bin Dorost, from Ajlan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Three, Allah-azwj will Enter them into the Fire without any Reckoning – a tyrannous leader, and a lying trader, and adulterous old man’ – the Hadeeth’’.[38]
8- ل، الخصال عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرَّازِيِّ عَنِ اللُّؤْلُؤِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْعَطَّارِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع ثَلَاثَةٌ فِي حِرْزِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى أَنْ يَفْرُغَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْحِسَابِ رَجُلٌ لَمْ يَهُمَّ بِزِنًا قَطُّ وَ رَجُلٌ لَمْ يَشُبْ مَالَهُ بِرِبًا قَطُّ وَ رَجُلٌ لَمْ يَسْعَ فِيهِمَا قَطُّ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashari, from Abu Abdullah Al Razy, from Al Luluie, from Al-Husayn Bin Yusuf, from Al-Hassan Bin Ziyad Al Attar who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Three will be in Protection of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic until He‑azwj is Free from the Reckoning – a man who had not thought of committing adultery at all, and a man who had not mixed his wealth with interest at all, and a man who did not strive regarding these two at all’’.[39]
9- ل، الخصال عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لَنْ يَعْمَلَ ابْنُ آدَمَ عَمَلًا أَعْظَمَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ نَبِيّاً أَوْ إِمَاماً أَوْ هَدَمَ الْكَعْبَةَ الَّتِي جَعَلَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قِبْلَةً لِعِبَادِهِ أَوْ أَفْرَغَ مَاءَهُ فِي امْرَأَةٍ حَرَاماً.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Sa’ad, from Al Asbahany, from Al Minqary, from someone else,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘A son of Adam-as will never work any deed more grievous in the Presence of Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted than a man killing a Prophet-as, or an Imam-asws, or demolishes the Kabah which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Made it as a Qiblah (direction) for His-azwj servant, or emptied his water into a Prohibited woman’’.[40]
10- فس، تفسير القمي وَ الَّذِينَ لا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلهاً آخَرَ وَ لا يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَ لا يَزْنُونَ وَ مَنْ يَفْعَلْ ذلِكَ يَلْقَ أَثاماً وَ أَثَاماً وَادٍ مِنْ أَوْدِيَةِ جَهَنَّمَ مِنْ صُفْرٍ مُذَابٍ قُدَّامَهَا خُدَّةٌ فِي جَهَنَّمَ يَكُونُ فِيهِ مَنْ عَبَدَ غَيْرَ اللَّهِ وَ مَنْ قَتَلَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ
Tafseer Al-Qummi – And those who are not supplication to another god along with Allah, and are not killing the soul which Allah Forbade except with the right, nor are they committing adultery. And one who does that, indulges in sin [25:68] – and ‘Aasima’ (sin) is a valley from valleys of Hell of molten sulphur. In front of it is a pit. There will be in it one who worships other than Allah-azwj, and one who kills a soul which Allah-azwj has Prohibited.
وَ يَكُونُ فِيهِ الزُّنَاةُ يُضَاعَفُ لَهُمْ فِيهِ الْعَذَابُ إِلَّا مَنْ تابَ وَ آمَنَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَإِنَّهُ يَتُوبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ مَتاباً يَقُولُ لَا يَعُودُ إِلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِإِخْلَاصٍ وَ نِيَّةٍ صَادِقَةٍ.
And there will be in it the adulteresses. The Punishment will be doubled for them in it Except one who repents [25:70] – up to His-azwj Words: then surely he repents to Allah penitently [25:71]. He-azwj is Saying, he will not return to anything from that with sincerity and truthful intent’’.[41] (Opinion)
11- ل، الخصال عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ الْفَارِسِيِّ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ حَفْصٍ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا عَجَّتِ الْأَرْضُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَعَجِيجِهَا مِنْ ثَلَاثَةٍ مِنْ دَمٍ حَرَامٍ يُسْفَكُ عَلَيْهَا أَوِ اغْتِسَالٍ مِنْ زِنًا أَوِ النَّوْمِ عَلَيْهَا قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Majaylawiya, form Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashary, from Ibn Hashim, from Al Farsi, from Suleyman Bin Hafs Al Basry,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The earth has not clamoured to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic like its clamour from three – from Prohibited blood shed upon it, or washing from adultery, or sleeping upon it before emergence of the sun’’.[42]
12- مع، معاني الأخبار ل، الخصال عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْرُورٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنِ الْأَزْدِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ شُغِفَ بِمَحَبَّةِ الْحَرَامِ وَ شَهْوَةِ الزِّنَا فَهُوَ شِرْكُ شَيْطَانٍ
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’, (and) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ibn Masrou, from Ibn Aamir, from his uncle, from Al Azdy, from Ibn Ameyra,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘One who is passionate with loving the Prohibitions and lusts for the adultery, he is an associate of Satan-la’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ لِوَلَدِ الزِّنَا عَلَامَاتٍ أَحَدُهَا بُغْضُنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ ثَانِيهَا أَنَّهُ يَحِنُّ إِلَى الْحَرَامِ الَّذِي خُلِقَ مِنْهُ الْخَبَرَ.
Then he-asws said: ‘For a son of adultery (bastard) there are signs. One of these is his hating us‑asws People-asws of the Household, and its second is he will yearn to the Prohibition which he has been Created from’ – the Hadeeth’’.[43]
13- ل، الخصال عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِذَا فَشَتْ أَرْبَعَةٌ ظَهَرَتْ أَرْبَعَةٌ إِذَا فَشَا الزِّنَا ظَهَرَتِ الزَّلَازِلُ وَ إِذَا أُمْسِكَتِ الزَّكَاةُ هَلَكَتِ الْمَاشِيَةُ وَ إِذَا جَارَ الْحُكَّامُ فِي الْقَضَاءِ أُمْسِكَ الْقَطْرُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ إِذَا خُفِرَتِ الذِّمَّةُ نُصِرَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ja’far Bin Ali, from his grandfather Ali Bin Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Ali Bin Hassan, from his uncle Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When four (matters) are widespread, four (matters) will appear – when the adultery is widespread the earthquakes will appear; and when the Zakat is withheld the livelihoods will be destroyed; and when the judges will be tyrannous in the judgments the drops from the sky will be withheld; and when the guarantee (of Ahl Al-Zimma) is broken, the Polytheists will be victorious upon the Muslims’’.[44]
14- ل، الخصال عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الدِّمَشْقِيِّ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ شَقِيقٍ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ الزِّنَا فَإِنَّ فِيهِ سِتَّ خِصَالٍ ثَلَاثٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ ثَلَاثٌ فِي الْآخِرَةِ فَأَمَّا الَّتِي فِي الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّهُ يَذْهَبُ بِالْبَهَاءِ وَ يُورِثُ الْفَقْرَ وَ يَنْقُصُ الْعُمُرَ وَ أَمَّا الَّتِي فِي الْآخِرَةِ فَإِنَّهُ يُوجِبُ سَخَطَ الرَّبِّ وَ سُوءَ الْحِسَابِ وَ الْخُلُودَ فِي النَّارِ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Al Fazl Bin Al Fazl Al Kindy – from Ahmad Bin Saeed Al Dimashqy, from Hisham Bin Ammar, from Maslama Bin Ali, from Al Amsh, from Shaqeeq, from Huzeyfa who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Community of Muslims! Beware of the adultery, for therein are six traits – three traits in the world and three in the Hereafter. As for which are in the world, it does away the glory, and inherits the poverty, and reduces the lifespan. And as for which are in the Hereafter, it obligates Wrath of the Lord-azwj, and the evil Reckoning, and eternity in the Fire’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص سَوَّلَتْ لَهُمْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ أَنْ سَخِطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ فِي الْعَذابِ هُمْ خالِدُونَ.
Then the Prophet-saww said: ‘Their own souls would have enticed for them: Allah is Wrathful upon them, and they would be in the Punishment eternally [5:80]’’.[45]
15- ل، الخصال فِيمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ص عَلِيّاً يَا عَلِيُّ فِي الزِّنَا سِتُّ خِصَالٍ ثَلَاثٌ مِنْهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ ثَلَاثٌ فِي الْآخِرَةِ فَأَمَّا الَّتِي فِي الدُّنْيَا فَيَذْهَبُ بِالْبَهَاءِ وَ يُعَجِّلُ الْفَنَاءَ وَ يَقْطَعُ الرِّزْقَ وَ أَمَّا الَّتِي فِي الْآخِرَةِ فَسُوءُ الْحِسَابِ وَ سَخَطُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَ الْخُلُودُ فِي النَّارِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ –
‘Among what the Prophet-saww had advised Ali-asws with: ‘O Ali-asws! In the adultery there are six traits – three of these are in the world and three in the Hereafter. As for which are in the world – it does against the glory, and hastens the annihilation, and cuts off the sustenance; and as for which are in the Hereafter, it is evil Reckoning, and Wrath of the Beneficent, and eternity in the Fire’’.[46]
16- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَالَ: إِيَّاكُمْ وَ الزِّنَا فَإِنَّ فِيهِ سِتَّ خِصَالٍ وَ ذَكَرَ مِثْلَهُ وَ فِيهِ اللَّوَاتِي فِي الْمَوْضِعَيْنِ يَقْطَعُ الرِّزْقَ الْحَلَالَ وَ يُعَجِّلُ الْفَنَاءَ إِلَى النَّارِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Ali Bin Hatim, from Abu Muhammad Al Nowfaly, from Ahmad Bin Hilal, from Ibn Asbat, from Abu Is’haq Al Khurasany, from his father,
‘Ali-asws said: ‘Beware of the adultery, for there are six traits in it’ – and mentioned similar to it, and in it are those two in the two places – ‘Cuts off the Permissible sustenance, and hastens the annihilation in the Fire’’.[47]
17- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ل، الخصال عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لِلزَّانِي سِتُّ خِصَالٍ ثَلَاثٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ ثَلَاثٌ فِي الْآخِرَةِ فَأَمَّا الَّتِي فِي الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّهُ يَذْهَبُ بِنُورِ الْوَجْهِ وَ يُورِثُ الْفَقْرَ وَ يُعَجِّلُ الْفَنَاءَ وَ أَمَّا الَّتِي فِي الْآخِرَةِ فَسَخَطُ الرَّبِّ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ وَ سُوءُ الْحِسَابِ وَ الْخُلُودُ فِي النَّارِ.
(The books) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’, (and) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from Al Kufi, from Ibn Fazzal, from Al Qaddah,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘For the adultery there are six traits – three in the world and three in the Hereafter. As for which are in the world, it does away radiance of the face, and inherits the poverty, and hastens the annihilation; and as for which are in the Hereafter, Wrath of the Lord-azwj Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, and the evil Reckoning, and the eternity in the Fire’’.[48]
أَقُولُ قَدْ مَضَى فِي بَابِ ذَمِّ السُّؤَالِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَعَاذَ شِيعَتَنَا مِنْ أَنْ يَلِدُوا مِنَ الزِّنَا أَوْ يُولَدَ لَهُمْ مِنَ الزِّنَا.
I am saying, ‘It has passed in the chapter on ‘condemnation of the begging’ – from Al-Sadiq‑asws: ‘Allah-azwj has Protected our-asws Shias from being born from adultery, or for one being born for them from the adultery’’.[49]
وَ فِي بَابِ أُصُولِ الْكُفْرِ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ لِعَلِيٍّ ع يَا عَلِيُّ كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ عَشَرَةٌ وَ ذَكَرَ مِنْهَا نَاكِحَ الْمَرْأَةِ حَرَاماً فِي دُبُرِهَا وَ مَنْ نَكَحَ ذَاتَ مَحْرَمٍ مِنْهُ.
And in the chapter ‘Origin of Kufr’ – ‘In his-saww advice to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Ten have committed Kufr with Allah-azwj the Magnificent’ – and mentioned from these having sex with the woman prohibitively in her back, and one who has sex with one with sanctity from him’’.[50]
18- ل، الخصال عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عِلَاقَةَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: الزِّنَا يُورِثُ الْفَقْرَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Saeed Bin Ilaqah,
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘The adultery inherits the poverty’’.[51]
أَقُولُ قَدْ مَضَى فِي بَابِ جَوَامِعِ الْمَسَاوِي وَ مَا يُوجِبُ غَضَبَ اللَّهِ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَجَدْتُ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع إِذَا ظَهَرَ الزِّنَا مِنْ بَعْدِي ظَهَرَتْ مَوْتَةُ الْفَجْأَةِ.
I am saying, ‘It has passed in the chapter, ‘Summary of evil deeds and what sins obligates Wrath of Allah-azwj, from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘I-asws found in the book of Ali-asws: ‘When the adultery appears from after me-asws, the sudden death will appear’’.[52]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الذُّنُوبُ الَّتِي تَحْبِسُ الرِّزْقَ الزِّنَا.
And from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The sins which withhold the sustenance is the adultery’’.[53]
19- ع، علل الشرائع فِي عِلَلِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع حَرَّمَ الزِّنَا لِمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْفَسَادِ مِنْ قَتْلِ الْأَنْفُسِ وَ ذَهَابِ الْأَنْسَابِ وَ تَرْكِ التَّرْبِيَةِ لِلْأَطْفَالِ وَ فَسَادِ الْمَوَارِيثِ وَ مَا أَشْبَهَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ وُجُوهِ الْفَسَادِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, in ‘Al Ilal’ of Muhammad Bin Sinan,
‘From Al-Reza-asws said: ‘The adultery is Prohibited due to what corruption there is in it – from killing of the soul, and the loss of lineages, and neglecting the upbringing of the children, and corruption of the inheritances, and what resembles that from the aspects of corruption’’.[54]
أَقُولُ قَدْ مَضَى فِي بَابِ حُبِّ الدُّنْيَا عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ أَنَّ رِيحَ الْجَنَّةِ تُوجَدُ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ أَلْفِ عَامٍ مَا يَجِدُهَا عَاقٌّ وَ لَا قَاطِعُ رَحِمٍ وَ لَا شَيْخٌ زَانٍ.
I am saying, ‘It has passed in the chapter, ‘Love of the world’ – from Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘The Prophet-saww having said: ‘Jibraeel-as informed me that the aroma of Paradise will be felt from a travel distance of a thousand years (but) neither will it be found by one disobedience to the parents, nor a cutter of kinship, nor an aged old adulterer’’.[55]
20- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ بَشِيرٍ الدَّهَّانِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ مِيثَمٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَا أُنِيلُ رَحْمَتِي مَنْ تَعَرَّضَ لِلْأَيْمَانِ الْكَاذِبَةِ وَ لَا أُدْنِي مِنِّي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مَنْ كَانَ زَانِياً.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from a number of our companions, from Al Maysami, from Bashir Al Dahhan, from the one who mentioned it, from Maysam, raising it, said,
‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “My-azwj Mercy cannot be attained by one who does not expose to (make) the false oaths, nor will He-azwj be close to Me-azwj on the Day of Qiyamah, one who was an adulterer’’.[56]
21- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ثَلَاثَةٌ لا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ عِزَّ وَ جَلَ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ وَ لا يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِمْ … وَ لا يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ أَلِيمٌ شَيْخٌ زَانٍ وَ مَلِكٌ جَبَّارٌ وَ مُقِلٌّ مُخْتَالٌ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Hameed, from Ibn Humeyr, from Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘nor will Allah – Mighty and Majestic – be Speaking to them, nor will He Look at them on the Day of Qiyamah, nor will He Purify them, and for them would be a painful Punishment [3:77] – an aged old adulterer, and a tyrannical ruler, and a boastful attention drawer’’.[57]
22- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ: مُدْمِنُ الزِّنَا وَ السَّرَقِ وَ الشُّرْبِ كَعَابِدِ وَثَنٍ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Ibn Ameyra, from Ibn Hazim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘One habitual of the adultery, and the stealing, and the drinking (wine) is like a worshipper of idols’’.[58]
23- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَتِّيلٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ حَفْصٍ قَالَ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ أَهَبَّ اللَّهُ رِيحاً مُنْتِنَةً يَتَأَذَّى بِهَا أَهْلُ الْجَمْعِ حَتَّى إِذَا هَمَّتْ أَنْ تُمْسِكَ بِأَنْفَاسِ النَّاسِ نَادَاهُمْ مُنَادٍ هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا هَذِهِ الرِّيحُ الَّتِي قَدْ آذَتْكُمْ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Ibn Matteel, from Al Barqy, from Yahya Bin Al Mugheira, from Hafs who said,
‘Zayd son of Ali (Bin Al-Husayn-asws) said, ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah‑azwj be upon him-asws and his-asws Progeny-asws: ‘When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, Allah‑azwj will Cause a stinky wind to blow, the people of the gathering will be hurt by it to the extent that when the people will withhold their breathing, a caller will call out to them: ‘Do you know what this wind is which has hurt you?’
فَيَقُولُونَ لَا فَقَدْ آذَتْنَا وَ بَلَغَتْ مِنَّا كُلَّ مَبْلَغٍ
They would say, ‘No! It has hurt us and reached from us, every extent’.
قَالَ فَيُقَالُ هَذِهِ رِيحُ فُرُوجِ الزُّنَاةِ الَّذِينَ لَقُوا اللَّهَ بِالزِّنَا ثُمَّ لَمْ يَتُوبُوا فَالْعَنُوهُمْ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ فَلَا يَبْقَى فِي الْمَوْقِفِ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنِ الزُّنَاةَ.
He-asws said: ‘This is a wind (smell) of private parts of the adulterers who met Allah-azwj with the adultery, then they did not repent, so curse them. Allah-azwj will Curse them so there will not remain anyone in the pausing except he will say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Curse the adulterers!’’[59]
24- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مِيكَالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: ثَلَاثَةٌ لا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لا يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ أَلِيمٌ مِنْهُمُ الْمَرْأَةُ الَّتِي تُوطِئُ فِرَاشَ زَوْجِهَا.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Ibn Al Mutawakkil, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Usman Bin Isa, from Ibn Meekal, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Three, neither will Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Speak to them, nor Purify them, and for them is painful Punishment. From them is the women who gave access to herself on the bed of her husband’’.[60]
25- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ صَبَّاحِ بْنِ سَيَابَةَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَزْنِي الزَّانِي حِينَ يَزْنِي وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muawiya Bin Ammar, from Sabbah Bin Sayabah who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws. It was said to him-asws, ‘Does the adulterer, when he commits adultery, and he is a Momin?’
قَالَ لَا إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى بَطْنِهَا سُلِبَ الْإِيمَانُ مِنْهُ فَإِذَا أقام [قَامَ] رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘No! When he were to be upon her belly, the Eman is stripped off from him. When he stands, it is returned to him’.
قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَعُودَ
He said, ‘Supposing he intends to repeat?’
قَالَ مَا أَكْثَرَ مَنْ يَهُمُّ أَنْ يَعُودَ ثُمَّ لَا يَعُودُ.
He-asws said: ‘How frequently someone thinks of repeating, then he does not repeat!’’[61]
26- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ إِذَا زَنَى الرَّجُلُ أَدْخَلَ الشَّيْطَانُ ذَكَرَهُ فَعَمِلَا جَمِيعاً وَ كَانَتِ النُّطْفَةُ وَاحِدَةً وَ خُلِقَ مِنْهَا الْوَلَدُ وَ يَكُونُ شِرْكَ شَيْطَانٍ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ubeyd Bin Zurara, from Abdul Malik Bin Ayn who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘When the man commits adultery, the Satan-la enters his penis, and they both work together, and the seed becomes one, and the child is created from it, and he would be a participant of Satan-la’’.[62]
27- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَ لَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِأَكْبَرِ الزِّنَا قَالَ هِيَ امْرَأَةٌ تُوطِئُ فِرَاشَ زَوْجِهَا فَتَأْتِي بِوَلَدٍ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ فَتُلْزِمُهُ زَوْجَهَا فَتِلْكَ الَّتِي لَا يُكَلِّمُهَا اللَّهُ وَ لَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ لَا يُزَكِّيهَا وَ لَهَا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Majaylawiya, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Is’haq Bin Hilal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Shall I-asws inform you all with the biggest adultery? It is a woman who is come to in the bed of her husband, so she comes with a child from someone else, and she necessitates it to her husband. That is the one who neither will Allah-azwj Speak to her, nor Look at her on the Day of Qiyamah, nor Purify her, and for her is painful Punishment’’.[63]
28- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنِ ابْنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ عَذَاباً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ رَجُلٌ أَقَرَّ نُطْفَتَهُ فِي رَحِمٍ تَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Ibn Al Barqy, from his father, from his grandfather, from his father Muhammad Al Barqy, from Usman Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The severest of people of Punishment on the Day of Qiyamah is a man who had admitted his seed into a woman Prohibited unto him’’.[64]
29- ثو، ثواب الأعمال بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا زَنَى الرَّجُلُ فَارَقَهُ رُوحُ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ أَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ ذَلِكَ الَّذِي يُفَارِقُهُ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – By this chain, from Ahmad Bin Al Barqy, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws regarding words of Rasool-Allah-saww, ‘When the man commits adultery, the spirit of Eman separates from him’. He-asws said: ‘Words of Mighty and Majestic: and He Aids them with a Spirit from Him [58:22], that is which separates from him’’.[65]
30- سن، المحاسن عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ لِابْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَزْنِ فَلَوْ أَنَّ الطَّيْرَ زَنَى لَتَنَاثَرَ رِيشُهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Ibn Fazzal, from Al Qaddah,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Yaqoub-as said to his-as son-as: ‘O my-as son-as, do not commit adultery. If the bird were to commit adultery, its feathers would scatter’’.[66]
31- سن، المحاسن فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ وَجَدْنَا فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا كَثُرَ الزِّنَا كَثُرَ مَوْتُ الْفَجْأَةِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – In a report by Abu Ubeyda,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘We-asws found in the book of Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When the adultery is a lot, the sudden death will be a lot’’.[67]
32- سن، المحاسن عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ التَّفْلِيسِيِّ عَنِ السَّمَنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا أَقَامَ الْعَالِمُ الْجِدَارَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى أَنِّي مُجَازٍ الْأَبْنَاءَ بِسَعْيِ الْآبَاءِ إِنْ خَيْرٌ فَخَيْرٌ وَ إِنْ شَرٌّ فَشَرٌّ لَا تَزْنُوا فَتَزْنِيَ نِسَاؤُكُمْ وَ مَنْ وَطِئَ فَرْشَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ وُطِئَ فِرَاشُهُ كَمَا تَدِينُ تُدَانُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Ali Bin Abdullah, from Al Tafleesy, from Al Samandy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the scholar (Al-Khazr-as) had straightened the wall, Allah-azwj Revealed to Musa-as: “I-azwj shall Reward the sons with striving for the fathers, if good, so good, and if bad, so evil. Do not commit adultery for your women will commit adultery; and the one who treads (commit adultery) in a bed of a Muslim person, his own bed will be treaded upon. Just as you judge so you shall be judged”’.[68]
33- سن، المحاسن فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ ع لَا تَزْنِ فَيُحْجَبَ عَنْكَ نُورُ وَجْهِي وَ تُغْلَقَ أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاوَاتِ دُونَ دُعَائِكَ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – In a report by Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to Musa Bin Imran-as: “Do not commit adultery, for the Noor of My-azwj Face will be veiled from you-as, and doors of the skies will be locked besides (from) your-as supplication’’.[69]
34- سن، المحاسن عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ إِذَا زَنَى الرَّجُلُ أَدْخَلَ الشَّيْطَانُ ذَكَرَهُ فَعَمِلَا جَمِيعاً فَكَانَتِ النُّطْفَةُ وَاحِدَةً فَخُلِقَ مِنْهُمَا فَيَكُونُ شِرْكَ شَيْطَانٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Zurara, from Abdul Malik Bin Ayn who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘When the man commits adultery, the Satan-la enters his manhood, so they both work together. The seed comes into being as one, so there is a creation (child) from it, and he becomes a participant of Satan-la’’.[70]
35- سن، المحاسن عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ حَفْصٍ قَالَ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ أَهَبَّ اللَّهُ رِيحاً مُنْتِنَةً يَتَأَذَّى بِهَا أَهْلُ الْجَمْعِ حَتَّى إِذَا هَمَّتْ أَنْ تُمْسِكَ بِأَنْفَاسِ النَّاسِ نَادَاهُمْ مُنَادٍ هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا هَذِهِ الرِّيحُ الَّتِي قَدْ آذَتْكُمْ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Yahya Bin Al Mugheira, from Hafs who said,
‘Zayd son of Ali-asws (Bin Al-Husayn-asws) said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, Allah-azwj Will Cause a wind to blow, the people of the gathering will be hurt by it to the extent that when the people will withhold their breathing, a caller will call out to them: ‘Do you know what this wind is which has hurt you?’
فَيَقُولُونَ لَا فَقَدْ آذَتْنَا وَ بَلَغَتْ مِنَّا كُلَّ مَبْلَغٍ
They would say, ‘No! It has hurt us and reached from us, every extent’.
قَالَ فَيُقَالُ هَذِهِ رِيحُ فُرُوجِ الزُّنَاةِ الَّذِينَ لَقُوا اللَّهَ بِالزِّنَا ثُمَّ لَمْ يَتُوبُوا فَالْعَنُوهُمْ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ فَلَا يَبْقَى فِي الْمَوْقِفِ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنِ الزُّنَاةَ.
He-asws said: ‘This is a wind (smell) of private parts of the adulterers who met Allah-azwj with the adultery, then they did not repent, so curse them. Allah-azwj will Curse them so there will not remain anyone in the pausing except he will say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Curse the adulterers!’’[71]
36- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام اعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَرَّمَ الزِّنَا لِمَا فِيهِ مِنْ بُطْلَانِ الْأَنْسَابِ الَّتِي هِيَ أُصُولُ هَذَا الْعَالَمِ وَ تَعْطِيلُ الْمَاءِ إِثْمٌ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greetings be upon him-asws – ‘Know that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Prohibited the adultery due to what is in it, from invalidation of the lineages which is the origin of this world, and it suspends the sinful water (inheritances)’’.[72]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ الدَّفْقَ فِي الرَّحِمِ إِثْمٌ وَ الْعَزْلَ أَهْوَنُ لَهُ.
And in a report – ‘The going to the (Prohibited) womb is a sin, and the isolation is easier for it’’.[73]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ يَعْقُوبَ النَّبِيَّ ع قَالَ لِابْنِهِ يُوسُفَ يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَزْنِ فَإِنَّ الطَّيْرَ لَوْ زَنَى لَتَنَاثَرَ رِيشُهُ.
And it is reported, ‘Yaqoub-as the Prophet-as said to his-as son-as Yusuf-as: ‘O my-as son-as! Do not commit adultery, for if the bird were to commit adultery, its feathers would scatter’’.[74]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ الزِّنَا يُسَوِّدُ الْوَجْهَ وَ يُورِثُ الْفَقْرَ وَ يَبْتُرُ الْعُمُرَ وَ يَقْطَعُ الرِّزْقَ وَ يَذْهَبُ بِالْبَهَاءِ وَ يُقَرِّبُ السَّخَطَ وَ صَاحِبُهُ مَخْذُولٌ مَشْئُومٌ.
And it is reported: ‘The adultery darkens the face, and inherits the poverty, and cuts the lifespan, and cuts the sustenance, and does away the glory, and draws the Wrath near, and its owner is forsaken, inauspicious’’.[75]
وَ رُوِيَ لَا يَزْنِي الزَّانِي حِينَ يَزْنِي وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَسُئِلَ عَنْ مَعْنَى ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ يُفَارِقُهُ رُوحُ الْإِيمَانِ فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالِ فَلَا يَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَتُوبَ.
And it is reported: ‘The adulterer does not commit adultery when he does commit adultery while he is a Momin’. He was asked about the meaning of that, so he-asws said: ‘The spirit of Eman separated from him in that situation, and it does not return to him until he repents’’.[76]
37- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ سَلْمَانَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ قَالَ: ثَلَاثَةٌ لا يَنْظُرُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ الْأَشْمَطُ الزان [الزَّانِي] وَ رَجُلٌ مُفْلِسٌ مَرِحٌ مُخْتَالٌ وَ رَجُلٌ اتَّخَذَ يَمِينَهُ بِضَاعَةً فَلَا يَشْتَرِي إِلَّا بِيَمِينٍ وَ لَا يَبِيعُ إِلَّا بِيَمِينٍ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi –
‘From Salman-ra, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him-ra, said: ‘Three, Allah-azwj will not Look at them on the Day of Qiyamah – the elderly adulterer; and a bankrupt man gleeful, swaggering; and a man who takes his oath with a merchandise, so he neither buys except by an oath nor does he sell except be an oath’’.[77]
38- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ إِذَا زَنَى الرَّجُلُ أَدْخَلَ الشَّيْطَانُ ذَكَرَهُ ثُمَّ عَمِلَا جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ تَخْتَلِطُ النُّطْفَتَانِ فَيَخْلُقُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُمَا فَيَكُونُ شِرْكَ شَيْطَانٍ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abdul Malik Bin Ayn who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘When the man commits adultery, the Satan-la enters his manhood, then they both work together, then the two seeds are mingles and Allah-azwj Created from the two, so he becomes a participant of Satan-la’’.[78]
39- ضه، روضة الواعظين قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع كَذَبَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ وُلِدَ مِنْ حَلَالٍ وَ هُوَ يُحِبُّ الزِّنَا.
(The book) ‘Rowzat Al Waizeen’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘He is lying, one who claims that he has been born from Permissible means while he loves the adultery’’.[79]
وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ زَنَى بِامْرَأَةٍ مُسْلِمَةٍ أَوْ يَهُودِيَّةٍ أَوْ نَصْرَانِيَّةٍ أَوْ مَجُوسِيَّةٍ حُرَّةٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَتُبْ وَ مَاتَ مُصِرّاً عَلَيْهِ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ ثَلَاثَ مِائَةِ بَابٍ يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ حَيَّاتٌ وَ عَقَارِبُ وَ ثُعْبَانُ النَّارِ يَحْتَرِقُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
And Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who commits adultery with a Muslim woman, or a Jewess, or a Christian, or a Magian, be she free or a slave, then he does not repent and dies being persistent upon it, Allah-azwj will Open three hundred doors for him in his grave. There will emerge from it, snakes, and scorpions, and serpents of fire. He will burn up to the Day of Qiyamah.
فَإِذَا بُعِثَ مِنْ قَبْرِهِ تَأَذَّى النَّاسُ مِنْ نَتْنِ رِيحِهِ فَيُعْرَفُ بِذَلِكَ وَ بِمَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُ فِي دَارِ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يُؤْمَرَ بِهِ إِلَى النَّارِ.
When he is Resurrected from his grace, the people will be hurt from the stench of his smell, so he would be known by that, and by what he had done in house of the world, until he is Commanded with to the Fire’’.[80]
40- ل، الخصال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنِ السَّيَّارِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْخَزَّارِ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَعْفَى شِيعَتَنَا مِنْ سِتٍّ مِنَ الْجُنُونِ وَ الْجُذَامِ وَ الْبَرَصِ وَ الْأُبْنَةِ وَ أَنْ يُولَدَ لَهُ مِنْ زِنًى وَ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ بِكَفِّهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Sahl, from Al Sayyari, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Khazzaz, from the one who informed him,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Exempted our-asws Shias from six – from the insanity, and the leprosy, and the vitiligo, and the defect in the ancestry, and from a child for him from adultery, and from him begging the people with his palm’’.[81]
41- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا ابْتَلَى اللَّهُ بِهِ شِيعَتَنَا فَلَنْ يَبْتَلِيَهُمْ بِأَرْبَعٍ بِأَنْ يَكُونُوا لِغَيْرِ رِشْدَةٍ أَوْ أَنْ يَسْأَلُوا بِأَكُفِّهِمْ أَوْ أَنْ يُؤْتَوْا فِي أَدْبَارِهِمْ أَوْ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِمْ أَخْضَرُ أَزْرَقُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from a number of our companions, from Ibn Asbat, from one of his companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Whatever Allah-azwj Tries our-asws Shias with, He-azwj will never Try them with four – them being without rightful guidance, or them begging with their palms, or them being come to in their backsides, or there being among them green/blued-eye person’’.[82]
42- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرَّازِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَرْبَعُ خِصَالٍ لَا تَكُونُ فِي مُؤْمِنٍ لَا يَكُونُ مَجْنُوناً وَ لَا يَسْأَلُ عَلَى أَبْوَابِ النَّاسِ وَ لَا يُولَدُ مِنَ الزِّنَى وَ لَا يُنْكَحُ فِي دُبُرِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashari, from Abu Abdullah Al Razy, from Ibn Abu Usman, from his father, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Four characteristics cannot happen to be in a Momin – he can neither be insane, nor does he beg at doors of the people, nor is he born from the adultery, nor does he have forbidden act in his backside’’.[83]
باب 70 حد الزنا و كيفية ثبوته و أحكامه
CHAPTER 70 – LEGAL PENALTY OF THE ADULTERY, AND METHOD OF PROVING IT, AND ITS RULING
The Verses
الآيات النساء وَ اللَّاتِي يَأْتِينَ الْفاحِشَةَ مِنْ نِسائِكُمْ فَاسْتَشْهِدُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةً مِنْكُمْ فَإِنْ شَهِدُوا فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ فِي الْبُيُوتِ حَتَّى يَتَوَفَّاهُنَّ الْمَوْتُ أَوْ يَجْعَلَ اللَّهُ لَهُنَّ سَبِيلًا
(Surah) Al Nisaa: And those from your women who are committing the immoralities, call against them four witnesses from you. So if they do testify, then withhold them in the houses until the death claims them or Allah Makes a way for them [4:15]
وَ الَّذانِ يَأْتِيانِها مِنْكُمْ فَآذُوهُما فَإِنْ تابا وَ أَصْلَحا فَأَعْرِضُوا عَنْهُما إِنَّ اللَّهَ كانَ تَوَّاباً رَحِيماً
And those two from you who are committing it, hurt them. So if they both repent and amend, turn aside from them both. Surely Allah would always be Oft-returning, Merciful [4:16]
النور الزَّانِيَةُ وَ الزَّانِي فَاجْلِدُوا كُلَّ واحِدٍ مِنْهُما مِائَةَ جَلْدَةٍ وَ لا تَأْخُذْكُمْ بِهِما رَأْفَةٌ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَ لْيَشْهَدْ عَذابَهُما طائِفَةٌ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
(Surah) Al Noor – The adulteress and the adulterer, flog each one of them a hundred lashes, and do not let clemency seize you with them in the Religion of Allah if you are believing in Allah and the Last Day, and let their punishment be witnessed by a group from the Momineen [24:2]
ص وَ خُذْ بِيَدِكَ ضِغْثاً فَاضْرِبْ بِهِ وَ لا تَحْنَثْ.
(Surah) Saad: (We Said): “And take a green branch in your hand and strike with it and do not break your oath!” [38:44].
1- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَالَ: مَنْ أَقَرَّ عِنْدَ تَجْرِيدٍ أَوْ حَبْسٍ أَوْ تَخْوِيفٍ أَوْ تَهَدُّدٍ فَلَا حَدَّ عَلَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakhtary,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘One who confesses during being stripped, or imprisoned, or scared, or threatened, there is no legal penalty upon him’’.[84]
2- ب، قرب الإسناد بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ يُجْلَدُ الزَّانِي عَلَى الَّذِي يُوجَدُ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابُهُ فَبِثِيَابِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ عُرْيَاناً فَعُرْيَانٌ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by this chain,
‘From Ali-asws having had said: ‘The adulterer will be whipped based on which he had been found upon. If his clothes were upon him, then with his clothes, and if he was naked, then (upon) nakedness’’.[85]
وَ قَالَ ع حَدُّ الزَّانِي أَشَدُّ مِنْ حَدِّ الْقَاذِفِ وَ حَدُّ الشَّارِبِ أَشَدُّ مِنْ حَدِّ الْقَاذِفِ.
And he-asws said: ‘Legal penalty of the adulterer is severer than legal penalty of the slanderer, and legal penalty of the drinker (of wine) is severer than legal penalty of the slanderer’’.[86]
3- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: يُجْلَدُ الزَّانِي أَشَدَّ الْجَلْدِ وَ جَلْدُ الْمُفْتَرِي بَيْنَ الْجَلْدَيْنِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ –
‘From Ali, from his brother (7th Imam-asws) having said: ‘The adulterer will be whipped severest of the whippings, and the fabricator will be whipped between the two (extremes of) the whippings’’.[87]
4- فس، تفسير القمي الزَّانِيَةُ وَ الزَّانِي فَاجْلِدُوا كُلَّ واحِدٍ مِنْهُما مِائَةَ جَلْدَةٍ هِيَ نَاسِخَةٌ لِقَوْلِهِ وَ اللَّاتِي يَأْتِينَ الْفاحِشَةَ مِنْ نِسائِكُمْ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ وَ لا تَأْخُذْكُمْ بِهِما رَأْفَةٌ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي لَا تَأْخُذْكُمُ الرَّأْفَةُ عَلَى الزَّانِي وَ الزَّانِيَةِ فِي اللَّهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فِي إِقَامَةِ الْحَدِّ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ كَانَتْ آيَةُ الرَّجْمِ نَزَلَتْ الشَّيْخُ وَ الشَّيْخَةُ إِذَا زَنَيَا فَارْجُمُوهُمَا الْبَتَّةَ فَإِنَّهُمَا قَضَيَا الشَّهْوَةَ نَكَالًا مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ.
Tafseer Al Qummi – (opinion)
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ لْيَشْهَدْ عَذابَهُما يَقُولُ ضَرْبَهُمَا طائِفَةٌ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يُجْمَعُ لَهُمَا النَّاسُ إِذَا جُلِدُوا.
‘And in a report of Abu Al-Jaroud – ‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding His-azwj Words: and let their punishment be witnessed – He-azwj is Saying, their being beaten – by a group from the Momineen [24:2] – the people should be gathered for them when they are whipped’’.[88]
5- فس، تفسير القمي وَ الزِّنَا عَلَى وُجُوهٍ وَ الْحَدُّ فِيهَا عَلَى وُجُوهٍ فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ أَحْضَرَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ خَمْسَةَ نَفَرٍ أُخِذُوا فِي الزِّنَا فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُقَامَ عَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمُ الْحَدُّ وَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ جَالِساً عِنْدَ عُمَرَ
Tafseer Qummi –
‘And the adultery is based upon its aspects, and the legal penalty in it is based upon its aspect. From that is, Umar Bin Al-Khattab had presented five persons having been seized regarding the adultery. He ordered that the legal penalty should be established upon each one of them, and Amir Al-Momineen-asws was seated in the presence of Umar.
فَقَالَ يَا عُمَرُ لَيْسَ هَذَا حُكْمَهُمْ
O Umar! This isn’t their ruling!’
قَالَ فَأَقِمْ أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحُكْمَ
He said, ‘Then you-asws established the ruling upon them!’
فَقَدَّمَ وَاحِداً مِنْهُمْ فَضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ وَ قَدَّمَ الثَّانِيَ فَرَجَمَهُ وَ قَدَّمَ الثَّالِثَ فَضَرَبَهُ الْحَدَّ وَ قَدَّمَ الرَّابِعَ فَضَرَبَهُ نِصْفَ الْحَدِّ وَ قَدَّمَ الْخَامِسَ فَعَزَّرَهُ وَ أَطْلَقَ السَّادِسَ
He-asws had one of them brought forward and struck off his neck, and he-asws brought forward the second and had him stoned (to death), and he-asws brought the third forward and struck him the legal penalty (of whipping), and he-asws brought the fourth and had him struck half the legal penalty (of whipping), and he-asws brought forward the fifth and excused him, and freed the sixth.
فَتَعَجَّبَ عُمَرُ وَ تَحَيَّرَ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ خَمْسَةُ نَفَرٍ فِي قَضِيَّةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ أَقَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَمْسَ عُقُوبَاتٍ لَيْسَ مِنْهَا حُكْمٌ يُشْبِهُ الْآخَرَ
Umar was surprised and the people were confused. Umar said, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! Five persons in one judgment, you established upon them five punishments, there wasn’t from these any ruling resembling the other!’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ أَمَّا الْأَوَّلُ فَكَانَ ذِمِّيّاً زَنَى بِمُسْلِمَةٍ فَخَرَجَ عَنْ ذِمَّتِهِ فَالْحُكْمُ فِيهِ السَّيْفُ
He-asws said: ‘Yes! As for the first, he was a Zimmy (one under responsibility of Islamic government) who had committed adultery with a Muslim women, thus he exited from his being under responsibility, therefore the ruling in it is the sword.
وَ أَمَّا الثَّانِي فَرَجُلٌ مُحْصَنٌ زَنَى رَجَمْنَاهُ وَ أَمَّا الثَّالِثُ فَغَيْرُ مُحْصَنٍ فَحَدَدْنَاهُ وَ أَمَّا الرَّابِعُ فَعَبْدٌ زَنَى ضَرَبْنَاهُ نِصْفَ الْحَدِّ وَ أَمَّا الْخَامِسُ فَمَجْنُونٌ مَغْلُوبٌ فِي عَقْلِهِ عَزَّرْنَاهُ.
And as for the second, he is a married man who committed adultery, so we stoned him; and as for the third, he is unmarried, so we established his legal penalty (of whipping); and as for the fourth, he is a slave who committed adultery, so we struck him half the legal penalty; and as for the fifth, he is insane, being overcome in his intellect, so we excused him’’.[89]
أقول: في تفسيره الصغير ستة مكان خمسة في الموضعين و بعد قوله و قدم الخامس فعزره قوله و أطلق السادس و مكان قوله خمس عقوبات قوله خمسة أحكام و إطلاق واحد و آخر الخبر هكذا و أما الخامس فكان منه ذلك الفعل بالشبهة فأدبناه و أما السادس فمجنون مغلوب على عقله سقط منه التكليف.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘In his small Tafseer it is ‘six’ in place of five in the two places, and after his words, ‘and he-asws brought forward the fifth and excused him, and freed the sixth’, and in place of his words, ‘five punishments’ are his words, ‘five rulings’, and he-asws freed one; and at the end of the report is like this, ‘That deed happened from him with suspicion, so we disciplined him, and as for the sixth, he is insane, being overcome upon his intellect, so the encumberment is falls from him’.
6- فس، تفسير القمي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الْقَاذِفُ يُجْلَدُ ثَمَانِينَ جَلْدَةً وَ لَا تُقْبَلُ لَهُ شَهَادَةٌ أَبَداً إِلَّا بَعْدَ التَّوْبَةِ أَوْ يُكْذِبَ نَفْسَهُ وَ إِنْ شَهِدَ ثَلَاثَةٌ وَ أَبَى وَاحِدٌ يُجْلَدُ الثَّلَاثَةُ وَ لَا تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَتُهُمْ حَتَّى يَقُولَ أَرْبَعَةٌ رَأَيْنَا مِثْلَ الْمِيلِ فِي الْمُكْحُلَةِ وَ مَنْ شَهِدَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَنَّهُ زَنَى لَمْ تُقْبَلْ شَهَادَتُهُ حَتَّى يُعِيدَهَا أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ.
Tafseer Al Qumi – from his father, from Hammad, from Hareez,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The slanderer will be whipped eighty lashes and no testimony will be accepted for him, ever except after the repentance, or he belies himself; and if three testify (for adultery) and one refuses, the three will be whipped and their testimonies will not be accepted until the four say, ‘We saw similar to the needle (inserting) in the kohl container’; and one who testifies against himself that he had committed adultery, this testimony will not be accepted until he repeats it four times’’.[90]
7- فس، تفسير القمي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي
Tafseer Al Qummi – from his father, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran, from Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘A man came to Amir Al-Momineen-asws. He said to him-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws, I have committed adultery, therefore purify me!’
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَ بِكَ جِنَّةٌ فَقَالَ لَا
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Is there insanity with you?’ He said, ‘No’
فَقَالَ فَتَقْرَأُ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ
He-asws said: ‘Do you read anything from the Quran?’ He said, ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ مِمَّنْ أَنْتَ
He-asws said to him: ‘Who are you from?’
فَقَالَ أَنَا مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ أَوْ جُهَيْنَةَ
He said, ‘I am from (clan of) Muzeyna’ – or (said), ‘Juheyna’’.
قَالَ اذْهَبْ حَتَّى أَسْأَلَ عَنْكَ
He-asws said: ‘Go until I-asws ask about you!’
فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هَذَا رَجُلٌ صَحِيحٌ مُسْلِمٌ
He-asws asked about him. They said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! This man is a Muslim of healthy mind’.
ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي
Then he returned to him-asws. He said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws, I have committed adultery, therefore purify me!’
He-asws said: ‘Woe be to you! Is there a wife for you?’ He said, ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ ع وَيْحَكَ أَ لَكَ زَوْجَةٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ كُنْتَ حَاضِرَهَا أَوْ غَائِباً عَنْهَا قَالَ بَلْ كُنْتُ حَاضِرَهَا
He-asws said: ‘Were you present with her or absent from her (when you committed adultery)?’ He said, ‘But I was present with her’.
قَالَ اذْهَبْ حَتَّى نَنْظُرَ فِي أَمْرِكَ
He-asws said: ‘Go until we looking into your matter’.
فَجَاءَ الثَّالِثَةَ فَذَكَرَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَذَهَبَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فِي الرَّابِعَةِ وَ قَالَ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي
He came for the third time and mentioned that to him-asws. Amir Al-Momineen-asws repeated to him. He went away. Then he returned for the fourth time and said, ‘I have committed adultery, therefore purify me!’
فَأَمَرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنْ يُحْبَسَ ثُمَّ نَادَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى أَنْ نُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ حَدَّ اللَّهِ فَاخْرُجُوا مُتَنَكِّرِينَ لَا يَعْرِفُ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضاً وَ مَعَكُمْ أَحْجَارُكُمْ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws ordered that he be imprisoned. Then Amir Al-Momineen-asws called out: ‘O you people! This man is needy to the legal penalty of Allah-azwj be established upon him! Therefore, come out disguised so you cannot recognise each other, and your stones should be with you!’
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ أَخْرَجَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِالْغَلَسِ وَ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ حَفَرَ حَفِيرَةً وَ وَضَعَهُ فِيهَا ثُمَّ نَادَى أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ هَذِهِ حُقُوقُ اللَّهِ لَا يَطْلُبُهَا مَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ لِلَّهِ حَقٌّ مِثْلُهُ فَمَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ لِلَّهِ حَقٌّ مِثْلُهُ فَلْيَنْصَرِفْ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُقِيمُ الْحَدَّ مَنْ لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ
When it was the next morning, Amir Al-Momineen-asws brought him out at twilight, and he-asws prayed two Cycles of Salat, and dug a pit and placed him in it. Then he-asws called out: ‘O you people! These are rights of Allah-azwj! No one should seek these, someone who has a right similar to it with himself! One who has a right for Allah-azwj with him, let him turn away, for he cannot establish the legal penalty one who has the legal penalty for Allah-azwj upon him!’
فَانْصَرَفَ النَّاسُ فَأَخَذَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع حَجَراً فَكَبَّرَ أَرْبَعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ فَرَمَاهُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الْحَسَنُ ع مِثْلَهُ ثُمَّ فَعَلَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع مِثْلَهُ فَلَمَّا مَاتَ أَخْرَجَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ
The people dispersed. Amir Al-Momineen-asws grabbed a stone, exclaimed Takbeer four times, then pelted him. Then Al-Hassan-asws took similar to it. Then Al-Husayn-asws did similar to it. When he had died, Amir Al-Momineen-asws extracted him (from the pit) and prayed Salat upon him.
فَقَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَ لَا تُغَسِّلُهُ
They said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Will you not wash him?’
قَالَ قَدِ اغْتَسَلَ بِمَاءٍ هُوَ مِنْهَا طَاهِرٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
He-asws said, ‘He has already been washed with water. He is clean from it up to the Day of Qiyamah’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَنْ أَتَى هَذِهِ الْقَاذُورَةَ فَلْيَتُبْ إِلَى اللَّهِ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ فَوَ اللَّهِ لَتَوْبَتُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ فِي السِّرِّ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ أَنْ يَفْضَحَ نَفْسَهُ وَ يَهْتِكَ سِتْرَهُ.
Then Amir Al-Momineen-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, said: ‘O you people! One who commits this filth, let him repent to Allah-azwj regarding what is between him and Allah-azwj. By Allah-azwj, his repenting to Allah-azwj in the secret is better than him shaming himself and violating his own veil!’’[91]
8- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِالْأَسَانِيدِ الثَّلَاثَةِ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ ص عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ قِيلَ إِنَّهَا زنيت [زَنَتْ]
(The book) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greetings be upon him-asws – by the three chains from Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘The Prophet‑saww was asked about a woman. It was said, ‘She has committed adultery!’
فَذَكَرَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ أَنَّهَا بِكْرٌ فَأَمَرَنِي النَّبِيُّ ص أَنْ آمُرَ النِّسَاءَ أَنْ يَنْظُرْنَ إِلَيْهَا فَنَظَرْنَ إِلَيْهَا فَوَجَدْنَهَا بِكْراً فَقَالَ ع مَا كُنْتُ لِأَضْرِبَ مَنْ عَلَيْهِ خَاتَمٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ كَانَ يُجِيزُ شَهَادَةَ النِّسَاءِ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا.
I mentioned the woman that she is a virgin. So, the Prophet-saww instructed me to instruct the women to look at her. They looked at her and found her being a virgin. He-saww said: ‘I-saww was not going to strike one who has a seal from Allah-azwj upon her’; and he-saww had allowed testimonies of the women in (cases) similar to this’’.[92]
9- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: إِذَا سُئِلَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ مَنْ فَجَرَ بِكِ فَقَالَتْ فُلَانٌ ضُرِبَتْ حَدَّيْنِ حَدّاً لِفِرْيَتِهَا وَ حَدّاً لِمَا أَقَرَّتْ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا.
(The book) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greetings be upon him-asws’ – by the chain from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘When the woman was asked, ‘Who has been immoral with you?’ She said, ‘So and so’. She was struck with two legal penalties – a legal penalty for her fabrication, and a legal penalty for what she had acknowledged upon herself’’.[93]
10- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ الْجَامُورَانِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْبَطَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُؤْمِنِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الزِّنَا أَشَرُّ أَمْ شُرْبُ الْخَمْرِ وَ كَيْفَ صَارَ فِي الْخَمْرِ ثَمَانِينَ وَ فِي الزِّنَا مِائَةً
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Al Ashary, from Al Jamourany, from Ibn Al Batainy, from his father, from Abu Abdullah Al Momin, from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Is the adultery eviler or drinking the wine? And how come eighty (lashes) have come to be regarding the wine and regarding the adultery, one hundred?’
قَالَ يَا إِسْحَاقُ الْحَدُّ وَاحِدٌ أَبَداً وَ زِيدَ هَذَا لِتَضْيِيعِهِ النُّطْفَةَ وَ لِوَضْعِهِ إِيَّاهَا فِي غَيْرِ مَوْضِعِهَا الَّذِي أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘O Abu Is’haq! The legal penalty is one, for ever, and this is addition is for having waster the sperm and for place it in other than its (rightful) place which Allah-azwj has Commanded with’’.[94]
11- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام فِي عِلَلِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع عِلَّةُ ضَرْبِ الزَّانِي عَلَى جَسَدِهِ بِأَشَدِّ الضَّرْبِ لِمُبَاشَرَةِ الزِّنَا وَ اسْتِلْذَاذِ الْجَسَدِ كُلِّهِ بِهِ فَجُعِلَ الضَّرْبُ عُقُوبَةً لَهُ وَ عِبْرَةً لِغَيْرِهِ وَ هُوَ أَعْظَمُ الْجِنَايَاتِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, (and) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, in ‘Ilal’ of Muhammad Bin Sinan,
‘From Al-Reza-asws: ‘Reason for striking the adulterer upon his body with severest of the strike is for committing the adultery and the body, all of it deriving the pleasure with it. So, the striking is made as a punishment for it and a lesson for others, and it is mightiest of the crimes’’.[95]
12- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الشَّيْخُ وَ الشَّيْخَةُ إِذَا زَنَيَا فَارْجُمُوهُمَا الْبَتَّةَ لِأَنَّهُمَا قَدْ قَضَيَا الشَّهْوَةَ وَ عَلَى الْمُحْصَنِ وَ الْمُحْصَنَةِ الرَّجْمُ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Sa’ad raising it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘The old man and the old woman, when they commit adultery, then stone them both definitely, because they have both (already) spent the lustful desires; and upon the married man and the married woman is the stoning’’.[96]
13- ع، علل الشرائع عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي الْقُرْآنِ رَجْمٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Ibn Aban, from Suleyman Bin Khalid who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘In the Quran is stoning?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’. I said, ‘How?’
قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَ الشَّيْخَةُ فَارْجُمُوهُمَا الْبَتَّةَ فَإِنَّهُمَا قَدْ قَضَيَا الشَّهْوَةَ.
He-asws said: ‘The old man and the old woman, stone them both definitely, for these two have already spent their lustful desires’’.[97]
14- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَا يُرْجَمُ رَجُلٌ وَ لَا امْرَأَةٌ حَتَّى يَشْهَدَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَرْبَعَةُ شُهُودٍ عَلَى الْإِيلَاجِ وَ الْإِخْرَاجِ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ –
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Neither a man nor a woman can be stoned until four witnesses testify upon them both – upon the penetration and the ejection’.
قَالَ وَ قَالَ لَا أُحِبُ أَنْ أَكُونَ أَوَّلَ الشُّهُودِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ عَلَى الزِّنَا أَخْشَى أَنْ يَنْكُلَ بَعْضُهُمْ فَأُجْلَدَ.
He-asws said: ‘And he-asws said: ‘I-azwj don’t like being the first of the four witnesses upon the adultery, fearing that one of them might retract, so I-asws will be whipped’’.[98]
15- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَشْيَمَ عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قِيلَ لَهُ لِمَ جُعِلَ فِي الزِّنَا أَرْبَعَةٌ مِنَ الشُّهُودِ وَ فِي الْقَتْلِ شَاهِدَانِ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Al Himeyri, from Ibn Isa, from Ali Bin Asheym, from the one who reported it from our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, it was said to him-asws, ‘Why have four witnessed have been made to be regarding the adultery, while regarding the murder, only two witnesses?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَحَلَّ لَكُمُ الْمُتْعَةَ وَ عَلِمَ أَنَّهَا سَتُنْكَرُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَجَعَلَ الْأَرْبَعَةَ الشُّهُودِ احْتِيَاطاً لَكُمْ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَأُتِيَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ قَلَّ مَا يَجْتَمِعُ أَرْبَعَةٌ عَلَى شَهَادَةٍ بِأَمْرٍ وَاحِدٍ.
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Legalised the temporary marriage for you all and He-azwj Knows that it will be disliked upon you, so He-azwj Made the four witnesses as a precaution for you. Had it not been that, they would have accused upon you (of adultery), and scarcely four unite upon a testimony for one matter’’.[99]
16- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ع، علل الشرائع فِي عِلَلِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع جُعِلَتِ الشَّهَادَةُ أَرْبَعَةً فِي الزِّنَا وَ اثْنَانِ فِي سَائِرِ الْحُقُوقِ لِشِدَّةِ حَصَبِ الْمُحْصَنِ لِأَنَّ فِيهِ الْقَتْلَ فَجُعِلَتِ الشَّهَادَةُ فِيهِ مُضَاعَفَةً مُغَلَّظَةً لِمَا فِيهِ مِنْ قَتْلِ نَفْسِهِ وَ ذَهَابِ نَسَبِ وَلَدِهِ وَ لِفَسَادِ الْمِيرَاثِ.
(The book) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’ – may the greetings be upon him-asws, (and) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, in ‘Ilal’ by Ibn Sinan,
‘From Al-Reza-asws: ‘The four testimonies have been made regarding the adultery, and two regarding rest of the rights is due to the intensity of the importance of marriage, because in it is the killing. So, the testimonies have been made to be double regarding it, harsher due to what is in it from killing of a soul, and the elimination of lineage of his children, and for spoiling the inheritance’’.[100]
17- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةَ رَجُلٍ أَنَّهُ تُرْجَمُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ يُضْرَبُ الرَّجُلُ الْحَدَّ وَ قَالَ لَوْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّكَ عَلِمْتَ بِهِ لَفَضَخْتُ رَأْسَكَ بِالْحِجَارَةِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ –
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws judged regarding a man who had married wife of a man, that the woman would be stoned and the man would be whipped the legal penalty, and he-asws said: ‘Had I-asws known that you (man) did not of it (woman being married to someone else), I-asws would have smashed your head with the stones!’’[101]
18- ع، علل الشرائع عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَيُّهُمَا أَشَدُّ الزِّنَا أَمِ الْقَتْلُ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Marouf, from Ali Bin mahziyar, from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Ismail Bin Hammad, from Abu Haneefa who said,
I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Which of the two is severer, the adultery of the murder?’
قَالَ فَقَالَ الْقَتْلُ
He (Abu Haneefa) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘The murder’.
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ فَمَا بَالُ الْقَتْلِ جَازَ فِيهِ شَاهِدَانِ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ فِي الزِّنَا إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةٌ
He (Abu Haneefa) said, ‘I said, ‘So what is the matter the murder, two witnesses are allowed regarding it, while it is not allowed regarding the adultery except four?’
He-asws said to me: ‘So what is in your possession regarding it, O Abu Haneefa?’
فَقَالَ لِي مَا عِنْدَكُمْ فِيهِ يَا أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ مَا عِنْدَنَا فِيهِ إِلَّا حَدِيثُ عُمَرَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَخْرَجَ فِي الشَّهَادَةِ كَلِمَتَيْنِ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ
He (Abu Haneefa) said, ‘I said, ‘There is nothing with us except a Hadeeth of Umar, that Allah‑azwj has Brought out two words upon the servants’.
قَالَ قَالَ لَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ يَا أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ وَ لَكِنَّ الزِّنَا فِيهِ حَدَّانِ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْهَدَ كُلُّ اثْنَيْنِ عَلَى وَاحِدٍ لِأَنَّ الرَّجُلَ وَ الْمَرْأَةَ جَمِيعاً عَلَيْهِمَا الْحَدُّ وَ الْقَتْلُ إِنَّمَا يُقَامُ الْحَدُّ عَلَى الْقَاتِلِ وَ يُدْفَعُ عَنِ الْمَقْتُولِ.
He (Abu Haneefa) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘It isn’t like that, O Abu Haneefa, but the adultery, there are two legal penalties regarding it and it is not allowed except the each two testify upon on, because the man and the woman, the legal penalty is upon them both together, while the murder, rather the legal penalty is established upon the murderer and it is dispelled from the murdered one’’.[102]
19- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَخِيهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ بِامْرَأَةٍ وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا ثُمَّ زَنَى مَا عَلَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ –
‘From Ali, from his brother (7th Imam-asws), he said, ‘I asked him-asws about a man having married a woman and he did not sleep with her, then he commits adultery, ‘What (legal penalty) is upon him?’
قَالَ يُجْلَدُ الْحَدَّ وَ يُحْلَقُ رَأْسُهُ وَ يُنْفَى سَنَةً
He-asws said: ‘He will be whipped the legal penalty, and his head will be shaved, and he will be exiled for a year’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ أَوْ بَانَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ ثُمَّ زَنَى مَا عَلَيْهِ
And I asked him-asws about a man who divorces, or his wife is irrevocably divorced, then he commits adultery, ‘What (legal) penalty is upon him?’
قَالَ الرَّجْمُ
He-asws said: ‘The stoning’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ طُلِّقَتْ فَزَنَتْ بَعْدَ مَا طُلِّقَتْ بِسَنَةٍ هَلْ عَلَيْهَا الرَّجْمُ
And I asked him-asws about a woman being divorced. She commits adultery a year after having been divorced, ‘Is upon her the stoning?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes’’.[103]
20- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ إِذَا هُوَ زَنَى وَ عِنْدَهُ السُّرِّيَّةُ وَ الْأَمَةُ يَطَؤُهُمَا تُحْصِنُهُ الْأَمَةُ تَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his brother, from Al-Hassan Bin Saeed, from Safwan, from Is’haq who said,
‘I asked Abu Ibrahim-asws (7th Imam-asws) about the man when he commits adultery and (although) there is a concubine for him and the slave girl. He sleeps with both, ‘Will the slave girl being in his possession classify him as married?’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّمَا ذَاكَ لِأَنَّ عِنْدَهُ مَا يُغْنِيهِ عَنِ الزِّنَا
He-asws said: ‘Yes. But rather, that is because with him there is what makes him needless from the adultery’.
قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ امْرَأَةٌ مُتْعَةً تُحْصِنُهُ
I said, ‘Supposing with him was a woman of temporary marriage, would that classify him as married?’
فَقَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا هُوَ عَلَى الشَّيْءِ الدَّائِمِ عِنْدَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘No. But rather, he (has to be) upon the something permanent with him’’.[104]
وَ الَّذِي أُفْتِي بِهِ وَ أَعْتَمِدُ عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذَا الْمَعْنَى مَا حَدَّثَنِي بِهِ ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ابْنَيْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَا يُحْصِنُ الْحُرُّ الْمَمْلُوكَةَ وَ لَا الْمَمْلُوكَ الْحُرَّةُ.
And that which I issue verdict with and rely upon it in this meaning is what is narrated with to me by Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ahmad and Abdullah, two sons of Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,
Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The slave girl cannot classify the free as married, nor can the free woman classify the slave as such’’.[105]
وَ مَا رَوَاهُ أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ عَنِ ابْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَزْنِي وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِأَهْلِهِ أَ مُحْصَنٌ قَالَ لَا وَ لَا بِالْأَمَةِ.
And what is reported by my father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazr, from Ibn Humeyd, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the man committing adultery and he had not slept with his (newly-married) wife, ‘Is he classified as married?’ He-asws said: ‘No, nor being with the slave girl’’.[106]
وَ مَا حَدَّثَنِي بِهِ ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ وَ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَأْتِي وَلِيدَةَ امْرَأَةٍ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهَا
And what is narrated to me with by Ibn Al Mutawakkil, from Al Himeyri, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Al A’ala and Ibn Bukeyr, from Muhammad who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the man who goes to a daughter of a wife without her permission.
فَقَالَ ع عَلَيْهِ مَا عَلَى الزَّانِي يُجْلَدُ مِائَةَ جَلْدَةٍ
He-asws said, ‘Upon him is what is upon the adulterer. He will be whipped one hundred lashes’.
قَالَ وَ لَا يُرْجَمُ إِنْ زَنَى بِيَهُودِيَّةٍ أَوْ نَصْرَانِيَّةٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ وَ لَا تُحْصِنُهُ الْأَمَةُ وَ الْيَهُودِيَّةُ وَ النَّصْرَانِيَّةُ إِنْ زَنَى بِالْحُرَّةِ وَ كَذَلِكَ لَا يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ حَدُّ الْمُحْصَنِ إِذَا زَنَى بِيَهُودِيَّةٍ أَوْ نَصْرَانِيَّةٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ وَ تَحْتَهُ حُرَّةٌ.
He-asws said: ‘And he will not be stoned if he commits adultery with a Jewess of a Christian woman, or a slave girl, and the slave girl, and the Jewess, and the Christian woman will not classify him as ‘married’ if he were to commit adultery with the free woman, and like that the legal penalty of the married man cannot be upon him when he commits adultery with a Jewess, or a Christian woman, or a slave girl, or there is a free woman (of temporary marriage)’’.[107]
21- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامٍ وَ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمُتْعَةَ أَ تُحْصِنُهُ قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ عَلَى الشَّيْءِ الدَّائِمِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham, and Hafs Bin Al Bakhtary, from the one he mentioned,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the marrying temporarily, ‘Is he classified as married?’ He‑asws said: ‘No. But rather that (classification) is based upon the permanent thing’’.[108]
22- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ النَّهْدِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي غُلَامٍ صَغِيرٍ لَمْ يُدْرِكِ ابْنِ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ زَنَى بِامْرَأَةٍ قَالَ يُجْلَدُ الْغُلَامُ دُونَ الْحَدِّ وَ تُجْلَدُ الْمَرْأَةُ الْحَدَّ كَامِلًا
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Al Nahdy, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ayoub, from Suleyman Bin Khalid, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding a young boy who had not reach ten years having committed adultery with a woman. He-asws said: ‘The boy would be whipped less than the legal penalty, and the woman would be whipped the perfect legal penalty’.
قِيلَ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ مُحْصَنَةً
It was said, ‘Supposing she were married?’
قَالَ لَا تُرْجَمُ لِأَنَّ الَّذِي نَكَحَهَا لَيْسَ بِمُدْرِكٍ وَ لَوْ كَانَ مُدْرِكاً لَرُجِمَتْ.
He-asws said: ‘She will not be stoned because the one who had slept with her wasn’t mature, and had he been mature, she would be stoned’’.[109]
23- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ الْجَبَلِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ ذَاتِ بَعْلٍ زَنَتْ فَحَبِلَتْ فَلَمَّا وَلَدَتْ قَتَلَتْ وَلَدَهَا سِرّاً قَالَ تُجْلَدُ مِائَةً لِقَتْلِهَا وَلَدَهَا وَ تُرْجَمُ لِأَنَّهَا مُحْصَنَةٌ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashari, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Aslam Al Jabaly, from Ibn Humeyr, from Ibn Qays,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about a woman with a husband committing adultery, so she becomes pregnant. When she gives birth, she kills her child secretly. He-asws said: ‘She would be whipped one hundred (lashes) for killing her child, and stoned because she is married’’.[110]
24- ع، علل الشرائع عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا خَرَجَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِشُرَاحَةَ الْهَمْدَانِيَّةِ فَكَانَ النَّاسُ يَقْتُلُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً مِنَ الزِّحَامِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ أَمَرَ بِرَدِّهَا حَتَّى إِذَا خَفَّتِ الزَّحْمَةُ أُخْرِجَتْ وَ أُغْلِقَ الْبَابُ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Al-Hassan Bin Kaseer, from his father who said,
‘When Amir Al-Momineen-asws came out with Shuraha Al-Hamdaniya (for stoning), the people were killing each other from the crowding. When he-asws saw that, he-asws ordered with returning her until when the crowd had lightened, she was brought out, and the door was locked’.
قَالَ فَرَمَوْهَا حَتَّى مَاتَتْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘They pelted her until she died’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِالْبَابِ فَفُتِحَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then he ordered with the door, so it was opened’.
قَالَ فَجَعَلَ مَنْ دَخَلَ يَلْعَنُهَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘The one entered went on to curse her’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ نَادَى مُنَادِيهِ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ارْفَعُوا أَلْسِنَتَكُمْ عَنْهَا فَإِنَّهَا لَا يُقَامُ حَدٌّ إِلَّا كَانَ كَفَّارَةَ ذَلِكَ الذَّنْبِ كَمَا يُجْزَى الدَّيْنُ بِالدَّيْنِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘When he-asws saw that, his-asws caller called out, ‘O you people! Raise your tongues from her, for a legal penalty is not established except it would be an atonement for that sin, just as the debt is sufficed by the debt!’
قَالَ فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا تَحَرَّكَ شَفَةٌ لَهَا.
He (the narrator) said, ‘By Allah-azwj! No lip moved for her’’.[111]
25- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ سَعْدَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع دَمَانِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ لَا يَقْضِي فِيهِمَا أَحَدٌ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَتَّى يَقُومَ قَائِمُنَا الزَّانِي الْمُحْصَنُ يَرْجُمُهُ وَ مَانِعُ الزَّكَاةِ يَضْرِبُ عُنُقَهُ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from Al Kufi, from Musa Bin Sa’dan, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim, from Malik Bin Atiya, from Aban Bin Taglib who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Two bloods in Al Islam, no one should judge regarding these two by Judgment of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic until our-asws Qaim-ajfj rises – the married adulterer, stoning him, and a preventer of Zakat, striking his neck off’’.[112]
26- سن، المحاسن عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الرَّجْمُ حَدُّ اللَّهِ الْأَكْبَرُ وَ الْجَلْدُ حَدُّ اللَّهِ الْأَصْغَرُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Al Yaqteeny, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al A’ala Bin Al Fuzeyl,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The stoning is the bigger legal penalty of Allah-azwj and the whipping is the smaller legal penalty of Allah-azwj’’.[113]
27- سن، المحاسن عَنْ عَلِيٍّ الْقَاسَانِيِّ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ أَ رَأَيْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ أَنَا رَأَيْتُ مَعَ أَهْلِي رَجُلًا فَأَقْتُلُهُ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Ali Al Qasany, from the one who narrated it, from Abdullah Bin Al Qasim Al Ja’fary,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Sa’ad Bin Ubadah said, ‘What is your-saww view, O Rasool-Allah-saww, if I were to see a man with my wife, can I kill him?’
قَالَ يَا سَعْدُ فَأَيْنَ الشُّهُودُ الْأَرْبَعَةُ.
He-saww said: ‘O Sa’ad! Where are the four witnesses?’’[114]
28- سن، المحاسن عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالُوا لِسَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ يَا سَعْدُ أَ رَأَيْتَ لَوْ وَجَدْتَ عَلَى بَطْنِ امْرَأَتِكَ رَجُلًا مَا كُنْتَ تَصْنَعُ بِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father, from Fazalah Bin Ayoub, from Dawood Bin Farqad who said,
‘I head Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Companions of the Prophet-saww said to Sa’ad Bin Ubadah, ‘O Sa’ad! What is your view if you were to find a man upon the belly of your wife, what will you do with him?’
فَقَالَ كُنْتُ أَضْرِبُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ
He said, ‘I would strike him with the sword!’’
قَالَ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ مَا ذَا يَا سَعْدُ
He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww came out. He-asws is it, O Sa’ad?’
فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ قَالُوا لِي لَوْ وَجَدْتَ عَلَى بَطْنِ امْرَأَتِكَ رَجُلًا مَا كُنْتَ تَفْعَلُ بِهِ فَقُلْتُ كُنْتُ أَضْرِبُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ
Sa’ad said, ‘They said, ‘If you were to find a man upon the belly of your wife, what will you do with him?’ I said, ‘I would strike him with the sword’’.
فَقَالَ يَا سَعْدُ فَكَيْفَ بِالشُّهُودِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ
He-saww said: ‘O Sa’ad! So how (would it be) with the four witnesses?’
فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بَعْدَ رَأْيِ عَيْنِي وَ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُ قَدْ فَعَلَ
He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! After my eyes having seen, and Allah-azwj Knowing he had done so?’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ جَعَلَ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ حَدّاً وَ جَعَلَ عَلَى مَنْ تَعَدَّى الْحَدَّ حَدّاً.
He-saww said: ‘Yes, because Allah-azwj has Made a legal penalty for all things, and Made a legal penalty upon the one exceeding the legal penalty’’.[115]
29- سن، المحاسن عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَخْلَدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ لِسَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ مَا كُنْتَ صَانِعاً بِرَجُلٍ لَوْ وَجَدْتَهُ عَلَى بَطْنِ امْرَأَتِكَ
(The book) ‘Al Masasin’ – from Amro Bin Usman, from Ali Bin Al-Hassan Bin Ribat, from Abu Makhlad,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A group from the companions said to Sa’ad Bin Ubadah, ‘What would you do with a man if you were to find him upon the belly of your wife?’
قَالَ كُنْتُ وَ اللَّهِ ضَارِباً رَقَبَتَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ
He said, ‘By Allah-azwj! I would strike his neck with the sword!’
قَالَ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ مَنْ هَذَا الَّذِي كُنْتَ ضَارِبَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ يَا سَعْدُ
He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww came out. He-saww said: ‘Who is this you would be striking him with the sword, O Sa’ad?’
فَأُخْبِرَ النَّبِيُّ ص بِخَبَرِهِمْ وَ مَا قَالَ سَعْدٌ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص يَا سَعْدُ فَأَيْنَ الْأَرْبَعَةُ الشُّهَدَاءِ الَّذِينَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى
The Prophet-saww was informed with their news and what Sa’ad had said. The Prophet-saww said: ‘O Sa’ad! So where are the four witnesses, those Allah-azwj the Exalted Said?’
فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَعَ رَأْيِ عَيْنِي وَ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ فِيهِ أَنَّهُ قَدْ فَعَلَ
He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! With having seen by my eyes, and Knowledge of Allah-azwj regarding him that he has done it?’
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ اللَّهِ يَا سَعْدُ بَعْدَ رَأْيِ عَيْنِكَ وَ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ جَعَلَ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ حَدّاً وَ جَعَلَ عَلَى مَنْ تَعَدَّى حَدّاً مِنْ حُدُودِ اللَّهِ حَدّاً وَ جَعَلَ مَا دُونَ الْأَرْبَعَةِ الشُّهَدَاءِ مَسْتُوراً عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ.
The Prophet-saww said: ‘By Allah-azwj, O Sa’ad! After your eyes have seen and Knowledge of Allah‑azwj. Allah-azwj has Made a legal penalty for all thing, and Made a legal penalty to be upon the one exceeding from the legal penalties of Allah-azwj, and has Made what is less than four witnesses, as a concealment upon the Muslims’’.[116]
30- سن، المحاسن عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْمُحْصَنِ إِذَا هَرَبَ مِنَ الْحُفْرَةِ هَلْ يُرَدُّ حَتَّى يُقَامَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father, from Amro Bin Usman, from Al-Husayn Bin Khalid who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws, ‘Inform me about the married man when he flees from the pit, will he be returned until the legal penalty is established upon him?’
فَقَالَ يُرَدُّ وَ لَا يُرَدُّ
He-asws said: ‘He will be returned and not be returned’.
قُلْتُ فَكَيْفَ ذَلِكَ
I said, ‘How is that so?’
قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ هُوَ أَقَرَّ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ ثُمَّ هَرَبَ مِنَ الْحُفْرَةِ بَعْدَ مَا أُصِيبَ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ لَمْ يُرَدَّ وَ إِنْ كَانَ إِنَّمَا قَامَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْبَيِّنَةُ وَ هُوَ يَجْحَدُ ثُمَّ هَرَبَ رُدَّ وَ هُوَ صَاغِرٌ حَتَّى يُقَامَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ
He-asws said: ‘If he had acknowledged upon himself (of the adultery), then he flees from the pit after having hit by something from the stones, he will not be return, and if the proof had been established upon him and he had denied, then he flees, he will be returning and he would be belittled, until the legal penalty is established upon him.
وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ مَالِكَ بْنَ مَاعِزِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَقَرَّ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَمَرَ بِهِ أَنْ يُرْجَمَ فَهَرَبَ مِنَ الْحُفْرَةِ فَرَمَاهُ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ بِسَاقِ بَعِيرٍ فَعَقَلَهُ بِهِ فَسَقَطَ فَلَحِقَهُ النَّاسُ فَقَتَلُوهُ فَأُخْبِرَ النَّبِيُّ ص بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ هَلَّا تَرَكْتُمُوهُ يَذْهَبُ إِذَا هَرَبَ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ الَّذِي أَقَرَّ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ
And that is because Malik Bin Maiz Bin Malik had acknowledged in the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww (of adultery), so he-saww ordered with him to be stoned. He fled from the pit. Zubeyr Bin Al-Awam threw a camel’s leg at him, so he fell down and the people caught up with him. They killed him. The Prophet-saww was informed of that. He-saww said: ‘Why didn’t you leave him to go when he had fled? But rather, he is the one who had acknowledged upon himself!’
وَ قَالَ أَمَا لَوْ أَنِّي حَاضِرُكُمْ لَمَا طَلَبْتُمْ
And he-saww said: ‘But, if only I-saww had been present with you all when you sought him’.
قَالَ وَ وَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.
He-asws said: ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww compensated him from wealth of the Muslims’’.[117]
31- سن، المحاسن عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْغَائِبِ عَنْ أَهْلِهِ يَزْنِي هَلْ يُرْجَمُ إِذَا كَانَتْ لَهُ زَوْجَةٌ وَ هُوَ غَائِبٌ عَنْهَا
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father, from Abdul Rahman Bin Hammad, from the one who narrated it, from Umar Bin Yazeed who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Inform me about absentee from his wife committing adultery, will he be stoned when there was a wife for him and he was absent from her?’
قَالَ لَا يُرْجَمُ الْغَائِبُ عَنْ أَهْلِهِ وَ لَا الْمُمْلَكُ الَّذِي لَمْ يَبْنِ بِأَهْلِهِ وَ لَا صَاحِبُ الْمُتْعَةِ
He-asws said: ‘No! The absentee from his wife will not be stone, nor the slave who isn’t with his wife, nor a performer of temporary marriage’.
قُلْتُ فَفِي أَيِّ حَدِّ سَفَرِهِ و لَا يَكُونُ
I said, ‘So in which limit is his journey, and he cannot be (stoned)?’
قَالَ إِذَا قَصَّرَ وَ أَفْطَرَ فَلَيْسَ بِمُحْصَنٍ.
He-asws said: ‘When he shortens (Salat) and breaks (fast), so he isn’t classified as married’’.[118]
32- سن، المحاسن عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ مِيثَمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَوْ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ مِيثَمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: أَتَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مُجِحٌ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَتْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ طَهِّرْنِي إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي طَهَّرَكَ اللَّهُ فَإِنَّ عَذَابَ الدُّنْيَا أَيْسَرُ عَلَيَّ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ الَّذِي لَا يَنْقَطِعُ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer, from Imran Bin Maysam, from his father, or from Salih Bin Maysam, from his father who said,
‘The wife of Mujih came to Amir Al-Momineen-asws. She said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen–asws! I have committed adultery, so purify me, may Allah–azwj Purify you–asws, for the punishment of the world is easier than the Punishment of the Hereafter which would not be cut off’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا مِمَّا أُطَهِّرُكِ
He–asws said to her: ‘From what should I–asws purify you?’
فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ
She said, ‘I have committed adultery’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا أَ ذَاتُ بَعْلٍ أَنْتِ أَمْ غَيْرُ ذَلِكِ
He–asws said to her: ‘Are you with a husband or other than that?’
فَقَالَتْ ذَاتُ بَعْلٍ
She said, ‘But, I am with a husband’.
قَالَ لَهَا أَ فَحَاضِراً كَانَ بَعْلُكِ إِذْ فَعَلْتِ مَا فَعَلْتِ أَمْ غَائِبٌ
He–asws said to her: ‘Were you with your husband, being present, when you did what you did, or was he absent from you?’
قَالَتْ بَلْ حَاضِرٌ
She said, ‘But, he was present’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا انْطَلِقِي فَضَعِي مَا فِي بَطْنَكِ
He–asws said: ‘Go and place (give birth to) whatever is in your belly’.
فَلَمَّا وَلَّتْ عَنْهُ الْمَرْأَةُ فَصَارَتْ حَيْثُ لَا تَسْمَعُ كَلَامَهُ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهَا شَهَادَةٌ
When the woman turned away from him and went where she could not hear his–asws speech, he–asws said: ‘O Allah–azwj! She has testified with one testimony’.
فَلَمْ تَلْبَثْ أَنْ عَادَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَقَالَتْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي قَدْ وَضَعْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي
It was not long before she came over and said, ‘I have placed (given birth), so purify me’.
قَالَ فَتَجَاهَلَ عَلَيْهَا وَ قَالَ يَا أَمَةَ اللَّهِ أُطَهِّرُكِ مِمَّا ذَا
He (the narrator said), ‘He–asws ignored her’, and said: ‘O maid of Allah–azwj! I–asws should purify you from what?’
قَالَتْ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي
She said, ‘I have committed adultery, so purify me’.
قَالَ أَ وَ ذَاتُ بَعْلٍ أَنْتِ إِذْ فَعَلْتِ مَا فَعَلْتِ
He–asws said: ‘And that was when you were with a husband when you did what you did?’
قَالَتْ نَعَمْ
She said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَكَانَ زَوْجُكِ حَاضِراً إِذْ فَعَلْتِ مَا فَعَلْتِ أَوْ كَانَ غَائِباً
He–asws said: ‘And your husband was present or was he absent?’
قَالَتْ بَلْ حَاضِراً
She said, ‘But, he was present’.
قَالَ انْطَلِقِي حَتَّى تُرْضِعِيهِ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ كَمَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ
He–asws said: ‘Go and breastfeed him for two years complete just as Allah–azwj has Commanded you to’.
فَانْصَرَفَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَلَمَّا صَارَتْ حَيْثُ لَا تَسْمَعُ كَلَامَهُ قَالَ ع اللَّهُمَّ شَهَادَتَانِ
The woman went away. When she went to where she could not hear his–asws speech, he–asws said: ‘O Allah–azwj! These are two testimonies’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا مَضَى حَوْلَانِ أَتَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَقَالَتْ قَدْ أَرْضَعْتُهُ حَوْلَيْنِ فَطَهِّرْنِي
He (the narrator) said, ‘When two years had passed by the woman came over, and she said, ‘I have breastfed him for two years, so purify me, O Amir Al-Momineen–asws!
قَالَ فَتَجَاهَلَ عَلَيْهَا وَ قَالَ أُطَهِّرُكِ مِمَّا ذَا
He–asws ignored her and said: ‘What is that which I–asws should purify you from?’
قَالَتْ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي
She said, ‘I have committed adultery, so purify me’.
قَالَ أَ وَ ذَاتُ بَعْلٍ أَنْتِ إِذْ فَعَلْتِ مَا فَعَلْتِ
He–asws said: ‘And you were with a husband when you did what you did?’
قَالَتْ نَعَمْ
She said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ بَعْلُكِ غَائِباً عَنْكِ إِذْ فَعَلْتِ مَا فَعَلْتِ أَمْ حَاضِراً
He–asws said: ‘And being with a husband, was he absent from you when you did what you did, or was he present?’
قَالَتْ بَلْ حَاضِراً
She said, ‘But, present’.
قَالَ انْطَلِقِي فَاكْفُلِيهِ حَتَّى يَعْقِلَ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ وَ يَشْرَبَ وَ لَا يَتَرَدَّى مِنَ السَّطْحِ وَ لَا يَتَهَوَّرَ فِي بِئْرٍ
He–asws said: ‘Go and look after him (your child) until he has intellect and he eats and drinks, and would not fall off from the roof, nor fall into a well’.
فَانْصَرَفَتْ وَ هِيَ تَبْكِي فَلَمَّا وَلَّتْ وَ صَارَتْ حَيْثُ لَا تَسْمَعُ كَلَامَهُ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ ثَلَاثُ شَهَادَاتٍ
She left, and she was crying. When she left to be where she could not hear his–asws speech, he–asws said: ‘O Allah–azwj! These are three testimonies’.
قَالَ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهَا عَمْرُو بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ فَقَالَ مَا يُبْكِيكِ يَا أَمَةَ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ رَأَيْتُكِ تَخْتَلِفِينَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تَسْأَلِينَهُ أَنْ يُطَهِّرَكِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Amro Bin Hureys Al-Makhzoumy met her, and he said to her, ‘What makes you cry, O maid of Allah–azwj, and I have seen you having followed you to Ali–asws, you asked him that he–asws should purify you?’
فَقَالَتْ أَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَا قَدْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُ فَقَالَ اكْفُلِيهِ حَتَّى يَعْقِلَ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ وَ يَشْرَبَ وَ لَا يَتَرَدَّى مِنْ سَطْحٍ وَ لَا يَتَهَوَّرَ فِي بِئْرٍ وَ لَقَدْ خِفْتُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ عَلَيَّ الْمَوْتُ وَ لَمْ يُطَهِّرْنِي
She said, ‘I went over to Amir Al-Momineen–asws, and I asked him–asws that he should purify me. He–asws said: ‘Look after your child until he has intellect of eating and drinking, and does not fall off from the roof, nor fall into a well, and I fear that death would come unto me and he–asws has not purified me’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا عَمْرٌو ارْجِعِي فَأَنَا أَكْفُلُهُ
Amro Bin Hureys said to her, ‘Return to him–asws, for I will look after him (the child)’.
فَرَجَعَتْ فَأَخْبَرَتْ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِقَوْلِ عَمْرٍو فَقَالَ لَهَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ هُوَ يَتَجَاهَلُ عَلَيْهَا وَ لِمَ يَكْفُلُ عَمْرٌو وَلَدَكِ
She returned and informed Amir Al-Momineen–asws with the words of Amro. Amir Al-Momineen–asws said to her, and he–asws was ignoring her: ‘And why would Amro look after your child?’
قَالَتْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي
She said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen–asws! I have committed adultery, so purify me’.
قَالَ ذَاتُ بَعْلٍ أَنْتِ إِذْ فَعَلْتِ مَا فَعَلْتِ
He–asws said: ‘And you were with a husband when you did what you did?’
قَالَتْ نَعَمْ
She said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَغَائِبٌ عَنْكِ بَعْلُكِ إِذْ فَعَلْتِ أَمْ حَاضِرٌ
He–asws said: ‘Your husband was absent when you did what you did, or present?’
قَالَتْ بَلْ حَاضِرٌ
She said, ‘But, he was present’.
قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُ قَدْ ثَبَتَ لَكَ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعُ شَهَادَاتٍ فَإِنَّكَ قَدْ قُلْتَ لِنَبِيِّكَ فِيمَا أَخْبَرْتَهُ بِهِ مِنْ دِينِكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَنْ عَطَّلَ حَدّاً مِنْ حُدُودِي فَقَدْ عَانَدَنِي وَ طَلَبَ مُضَادَّتِي اللَّهُمَّ فَإِنِّي غَيْرُ مُعَطِّلٍ حُدُودَكَ وَ لَا طَالِبٍ مُضَادَّتَكَ وَ لَا مُعَانَدَتَكَ وَ لَا مُضَيِّعٍ لِأَحْكَامِكَ بَلْ مُطِيعٌ لَكَ وَ مُتَّبِعٌ سُنَّةَ نَبِيِّكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He–asws raised his–asws head towards the sky and said: ‘O Allah–azwj! Four testimonies have been affirmed against her for You–azwj, and You–azwj have Said to Your–azwj Prophet–saww regarding what You–azwj Informed him–saww with from Your–azwj Religion was: “O Muhammad–saww! The one who fails any of My–azwj Penalties, so he has opposed Me–azwj and has sought by that what is opposite to Me–azwj”. Therefore, I–asws am not failing Your–azwj legal penalty and I–asws do not seek opposite to You–azwj, nor am I–asws a waster of Your–azwj Judgements. But I–asws am obedient to You–azwj, and obedient to the Sunnah of Your–azwj Prophet–saww’.
قَالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ عَمْرُو بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ فَكَأَنَّمَا تُفْقَأُ فِي وَجْهِهِ الرُّمَّانُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ عَمْرٌو قَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَكْفُلَهُ إِذْ ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّكَ تُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ فَأَمَّا إِذْ كَرِهْتَهُ فَإِنِّي لَسْتُ أَفْعَلُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Amro Bin Hurays looked at him–asws, and it was as if a pomegranate had been sliced upon his–asws face (it was red). When Amro saw that, said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen–asws! But rather, I intended to look after him and thought that you–asws would like that. If you–asws are disliking it, then I will not do it’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بَعْدَ أَرْبَعِ شَهَادَاتٍ لَتَكْفُلَنَّهُ وَ أَنْتَ صَاغِرٌ ذَلِيلٌ
Amir Al-Momineen–asws said: ‘After four testimonies with Allah–azwj? You will have to look after him, and you are humiliated’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَصَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَقَالَ يَا قَنْبَرُ نَادِ فِي النَّاسِ الصَّلَاةَ جَامِعَةً
Amir Al-Momineen–asws ascended the Pulpit, and he–asws said: ‘O Qanbar! Call out among the people for the congregational Prayer’.
فَنَادَى قَنْبَرٌ فِي النَّاسِ فَاجْتَمَعُوا حَتَّى غَصَّ الْمَسْجِدُ بِأَهْلِهِ فَقَامَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع خَطِيباً فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ إِمَامَكُمْ خَارِجٌ بِهَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةِ إِلَى هَذَا الظَّهْرِ لِيُقِيمَ عَلَيْهَا الْحَدَّ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
Qanbar called about among the people. They gathered until the Masjid was congested with its inhabitants. And Amir Al-Momineen–asws stood up, he–asws Praised Allah–azwj and Extolled Him–azwj, then said: ‘O you people! Your Imam–asws will be going out with this woman, to this backyard in order to establish the legal penalty upon her, Allah–azwj Willing! Therefore Amir Al-Momineen–asws is instructing you that when you come out, and you should be masking yourselves, and with you should be your stones, no one should be able to recognise anyone from you until you disperse to your houses, Allah–azwj Willing!’
فَعَزَمَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَّا خَرَجْتُمْ مُتَنَكِّرِينَ وَ مَعَكُمْ أَحْجَارُكُمْ لَا يَتَعَرَّفُ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ إِلَى أَحَدٍ حَتَّى تَنْصَرِفُوا إِلَى مَنَازِلِكُمْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ بُكْرَةً خَرَجَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ وَ خَرَجَ النَّاسُ مُتَنَكِّرِينَ مُتَلَثِّمِينَ بِعَمَائِمِهِمْ وَ أَرْدِيَتِهِمْ وَ الْحِجَارَةُ فِي أَرْدِيَتِهِمْ وَ فِي أَكْمَامِهِمْ حَتَّى انْتَهَى بِهَا وَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ إِلَى ظَهْرِ الْكُوفَةِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then he–asws descended. When the people woke up in the morning he–asws went out with the woman, and the people went out having veiled themselves with their turbans, and their gowns, and the stones were in their garments and their sleeves, until he–asws ended up with her to the back of Al-Kufa, and the people were with him–asws.
فَأَمَرَ فَحُفِرَ لَهَا بِئْرٌ ثُمَّ دَفَنَهَا إِلَى حَقْوَيْهَا ثُمَّ رَكِبَ بَغْلَتَهُ فَأَثْبَتَ رِجْلَيْهِ فِي غَرْزِ الرِّكَابِ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ إِصْبَعَيْهِ السَّبَّابَتَيْنِ فِي أُذُنَيْهِ ثُمَّ نَادَى بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَهِدَ إِلَى نَبِيِّهِ ص عَهْداً عَهِدَهُ مُحَمَّدٌ ص إِلَيَّ بِأَنَّهُ لَا يُقِيمُ الْحَدَّ مَنْ لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ حَدٌّ فَمَنْ كَانَ لِلَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِ مِثْلُ مَا لَهُ عَلَيْهَا فَلَا يُقِيمَنَّ عَلَيْهَا الْحَدَّ
He–asws instructed that they should dig a pit for her. Then he–asws buried her (half) in it, then rode upon his–asws mule and affirmed his–asws feet in the stirrups. Then he–asws placed his–asws fingers, the two forefingers in his–asws ears, then called out in a high voice: ‘O you people! Allah–azwj Blessed and Exalted Covenanted with His–azwj Prophet–saww with a contract. Muhammad–saww covenanted it to me–asws that no one should establish the legal penalty of Allah–azwj upon him a (similar) legal penalty due. So, upon whom there is a legal penalty similar to what is upon her, he should not establish the legal penalty upon her!’
قَالَ فَانْصَرَفَ النَّاسُ مَا خَلَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع.
He (the narrator) said: ‘The people dispersed apart from Amir Al-Momineen–asws’’.[119]
33- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام لَا تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي الْحُدُودِ إِلَّا إِذَا شَهِدَتِ امْرَأَتَانِ وَ ثَلَاثَةُ رِجَالٍ وَ لَا تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَتُهُنَّ إِذَا كُنَّ أَرْبَعَ نِسْوَةٍ وَ رَجُلَيْنِ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greetings be upon him-asws – ‘The testimony of the women will not be accepted regarding the legal penalties except if two women were to testify and three men, nor are their testimonies accepted when there are four women and two men.
وَ لَا تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَةُ الشُّهُودِ فِي الزِّنَا إِلَّا شَهَادَةُ الْعُدُولِ فَإِنْ شَهِدَ أَرْبَعَةٌ بِالزِّنَا وَ لَمْ يُعَدَّلُوا ضُرِبُوا بِالسَّوْطِ حَدَّ الْمُفْتَرِي وَ إِنْ شَهِدَ ثَلَاثَةُ عُدُولٍ وَ قَالُوا الْآنَ يَأْتِيكُمُ الرَّابِعُ كَانَ عَلَيْهِمُ حَدُّ الْمُفْتَرِي إِلَّا أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَرْبَعَةُ عُدُولٍ فِي مَوْقِفٍ وَاحِدٍ
And testimonies of the witnesses regarding the adultery are not accepted except of the just witnesses. If four were to testify with the adultery and they are not just, they will be struck with the whip the legal penalty of a fabricator; and if three just ones testify and they said, ‘The fourth will be coming just now’, upon them would be the legal penalty of a fabricator, except if the fourth just one were to testify in one pausing.
وَ مَنْ زَنَى بِذَاتِ مَحْرَمٍ ضُرِبَ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّيْفِ مُحْصَناً كَانَ أَمْ غَيْرَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ تَابَعَتْهُ ضُرِبَتْ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّيْفِ وَ إِنِ اسْتَكْرَهَهَا فَلَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهَا
And one who commits adultery with someone with sanctity (incest), will be struck with the sword, whether he was married or not. If she had pursued him, she would be struck a strike with the sword, and if he had forced her, there is nothing upon her.
وَ مَنْ زَنَى بِمُحْصَنَةٍ وَ هُوَ مُحْصَنٌ فَعَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا الرَّجْمُ وَ مَنْ زَنَى وَ هُوَ مُحْصَنٌ فَعَلَيْهِ الرَّجْمُ وَ عَلَيْهَا الْجَلْدُ وَ تَغْرِيبُ سَنَةٍ وَ حَدُّ التَّغْرِيبِ خَمْسُونَ فَرْسَخاً
And one who commits adultery with a married woman, so upon each one of the two is the stoning; and the one who commits adultery, and he is married, upon him is the stoning and upon her is the whipping and she would be banished for a year, and a limit of banishment is fifty Farsakhs (250 km).
وَ حَدُّ الرَّجْمِ أَنْ يَحْفِرَ بِئْراً بِقَامَةِ الرَّجُلِ إِلَى صَدْرِهِ وَ الْمَرْأَةِ إِلَى فَوْقِ ثَدْيَيْهَا وَ يُرْجَمَ فَإِنْ فَرَّ الْمَرْجُومُ وَ هُوَ الْمُقِرُّ تُرِكَ وَ إِنْ فَرَّ وَ قَدْ قَامَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْبَيِّنَةُ رُدَّ إِلَى الْبِئْرِ وَ رُجِمَ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ.
And a limit of the stoning is that a pit should be dug by stature of the man up to his chest, and the woman up to above her chest, and stoned. If the pelted one flees and he has acknowledged himself, he would be left (to escape), and if he flees and the proof had been established upon him, he would be returned to the pit and stoned until he dies’’.[120]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنْ لَا يُتَعَمَّدْ بِالرَّجْمِ رَأْسُهُ.
And it is reported: ‘His head would be deliberated with the stoning’.[121]
وَ رُوِيَ لَا يَقْتُلْهُ إِلَّا حَجَرُ الْإِمَامِ وَ حَدُّ الْمُحْصَنِ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ فَرْجٌ يَغْدُو عَلَيْهِ وَ يَرُوحُ.
And it is reported: ‘Nothing should kill him except a stone of the Imam-asws; and a limit of the ‘married’ (classification) is that there should happen to be a relief (woman) for him he can come to and go’’.[122]
وَ أَرْوِي عَنِ الْعَالِمِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا يُرْجَمُ الزَّانِي حَتَّى يُقِرَّ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ بِالزِّنَا إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ شُهُودٌ فَإِذَا رَجَعَ وَ أَنْكَرَ تُرِكَ وَ لَمْ يُرْجَمْ وَ لَا يُقْطَعُ السَّارِقُ حَتَّى يُقِرَّ مَرَّتَيْنِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ شُهُودٌ وَ لَا يُحَدُّ اللُّوطِيُّ حَتَّى يُقِرَّ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ عَلَى تِلْكَ الصِّفَةِ.
And it is reported from the Scholar-asws having said: ‘The adulterer will not be stoned until he acknowledged four times with the adultery, when there do not happen to be any witnesses. If he were to retract and deny, he would be left and not be stoned, nor will the thief be cut until he acknowledged twice when there do not happen to be witnesses, nor will the sodomist be penalised until he acknowledges four times being upon that description’’.[123]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ جَلْدَ الزَّانِي أَشَدُّ الضَّرْبِ وَ أَنَّهُ يُضْرَبُ مِنْ قَرْنِهِ إِلَى قَدَمِهِ لِمَا يَقْضِي مِنَ اللَّذَّةِ بِجَمِيعِ جَوَارِحِهِ.
And it is reported: ‘The adulterer will be whipped the severest strike, and he would be struck from his head to his foot due to what he had fulfilled from the pleasure with entirety of his limbs’’.[124]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ إِنْ وُجِدَ وَ هُوَ عُرْيَانٌ جُلِدَ عُرْيَاناً وَ إِنْ وُجِدَ وَ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْبٌ جُلِدَ فِيهِ.
And it is reported: ‘If he had been found naked, he would be whipped naked, and if he had been found with clothes being upon him, he would be whipped in it’’.[125]
34- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام اتَّقِ الزِّنَا وَ اللِّوَاطَ وَ هُوَ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الزِّنَا وَ الزِّنَا أَشَدُّ مِنْهُ وَ هُمَا يُورِثَانِ صَاحِبَهُمَا اثْنَيْنِ وَ سَبْعِينَ دَاءً فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greetings be upon him-asws – ‘Fear the adultery, and the sodomy, and it is severer than the adultery, and the adultery is severer than it, and they both inherit their owners seventy-two illnesses in the world and the Hereafter.
وَ يُجْلَدُ عَلَى الْجَسَدِ كُلِّهَا إِلَّا الْفَرْجَ وَ الْوَجْهَ فَإِنْ عَادَا قُتِلَا وَ إِنْ زَنَيَا أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَ هُمَا مُحْصَنَانِ أَوْ أَحَدُهُمَا مُحْصَنٌ وَ الْآخَرُ غَيْرُ مُحْصَنٍ ضُرِبَ الَّذِي هُوَ غَيْرُ مُحْصَنٍ مِائَةَ جَلْدَةٍ وَ ضُرِبَ الْمُحْصَنُ مِائَةً ثُمَّ رُجِمَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ
And he would be whipped upon the whole body except the private part and the face. If he were to repeat, he would be killed, and if he had committed adultery first time, and they are both married, or one of the two is married and the other is unmarried, the one who is unmarried would be struck one hundred lashes, and the married would be married one hundred lashes, then stoned (to death) after that’.
قَالَ وَ أَوَّلُ مَا يَبْدَأُ بِرَجْمِهَا الشُّهُودُ الَّذِينَ شَهِدُوا عَلَيْهِمَا أَوِ الْإِمَامُ وَ إِذَا زَنَى الذِّمِّيُّ بِمُسْلِمَةٍ قُتِلَا جَمِيعاً.
He-asws said: ‘And the first one who begin the stoning should be the witnesses, those who had testified upon them, or the Imam-asws; and when the adultery is the Zimmy (under responsibility of the Islamic government) with a Muslim woman, they would both be killed’’.[126]
35- شا، الإرشاد رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ أُتِيَ عُمَرُ بِحَامِلٍ قَدْ زَنَتْ فَأَمَرَ بِرَجْمِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع هَبْ أَنَّ لَكَ سَبِيلًا عَلَيْهَا أَيُّ سَبِيلٍ لَكَ عَلَى مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا وَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ وَ لا تَزِرُ وازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرى
(The book) ‘Al Irshad’ –
‘It is reported: ‘A pregnant woman was brought to Umar. She had committed adultery, so he ordered with stoning her. Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to him: ‘Given that there is a way for you upon her. Which way is there for you upon what is in her belly, and Allah-azwj the Exalted Says: nor will it bear the burden of another; [6:164]?’
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا عِشْتُ لِمُعْضِلَةٍ لَا يَكُونُ لَهَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ
Umar said, ‘May I not live for a dilemma Abu Al-Hassan-asws does not happen to be there for it!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ فَمَا أَصْنَعُ بِهَا
Then he said, ‘So what shall I do with her?’
قَالَ اصْطَبِرْ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَلِدَ فَإِذَا ولد وَلَدَتْ وَ وَجَدَتْ لِوَلَدِهَا مَنْ يَكْفُلُهُ فَأَقِمْ عَلَيْهَا الْحَدَّ
He-asws said: ‘Be patient upon her until she gives birth. When the child is born and she can find someone to look after her chid, then establish the legal penalty upon her’.
فَسُرِّيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَ عَوَّلَ فِي الْحُكْمِ بِهِ عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.
That was interpreted on behalf of Umar and he relied upon Amir Al-Momineen-asws in the judgment with it’’.[127]
36- شا، الإرشاد رُوِيَ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً شَهِدَتْ عَلَيْهَا الشُّهُودُ أَنَّهُمْ وَجَدُوهَا فِي بَعْضِ مِيَاهِ الْعَرَبِ مَعَ رَجُلٍ يَطَؤُهَا لَيْسَ بِبَعْلٍ لَهَا فَأَمَرَ عُمَرُ بِرَجْمِهَا وَ كَانَتْ ذَاتَ بَعْلٍ فَقَالَتِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ أَنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ
(The book) ‘Al Irshad’ –
‘It is reported, ‘The witnesses testified upon a woman that they had found her in ones of the sprints with a man having sex with her who wasn’t a husband of hers. Umar ordered with stoning her, and she had been with a husband. She said, ‘O Allah-azwj! You-azwj Know that I am innocent!’
فَغَضِبَ عُمَرُ وَ قَالَ وَ تَجْرَحُ الشُّهُودَ أَيْضاً
Umar was angered, and said, ‘And injure the witnesses as well!’
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع رُدُّوهَا وَ اسْأَلُوهَا فَلَعَلَّ لَهَا عُذْراً
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said, ‘Return her and ask her, perhaps there is an excuse for her!’
فَرُدَّتْ وَ سُئِلَتْ عَنْ حَالِهَا فَقَالَتْ كَانَتْ لِأَهْلِي إِبِلٌ فَخَرَجْتُ فِي إِبِلِ أَهْلِي وَ حَمَلْتُ مَعِي مَاءً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي إِبِلِ أَهْلِي لَبَنٌ وَ خَرَجَ مَعِي خَلِيطُنَا وَ كَانَ فِي إِبِلِهِ لَبَنٌ فَنَفِدَ مَائِي فَاسْتَسْقَيْتُهُ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَسْقِيَنِي حَتَّى أُمَكِّنَهُ مِنْ نَفْسِي فَأَبَيْتُ فَلَمَّا كَادَتْ نَفْسِي تَخْرُجُ أَمْكَنْتُهُ مِنْ نَفْسِي كَرْهاً
She was returned and asked about her situation. She said, ‘There was a camel for my family, so I went out in a camel of my family and carried water with me, and there did not happen to be any milk in the camel of my family, and our partner went out with me, and there was milk in his camel. My water depleted, so I asked him for water, but he refused to quench me until I enable him from myself. I refuse. When my soul almost exited, I enabled him from myself unwillingly’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ باغٍ وَ لا عادٍ فَلا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is the Greatest! But the one who is desperate, without coveting nor transgressing, so there is no sin upon him [2:173]’.
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ عُمَرُ خَلَّى سَبِيلَهَا.
When Umar heard that, he freed her way’’.[128]
37- شا، الإرشاد رُوِيَ أَنَّ مُكَاتَبَةً زَنَتْ عَلَى عَهْدِ عُثْمَانَ وَ قَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهَا ثَلَاثَةُ أَرْبَاعٍ فَسَأَلَ عُثْمَانُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ تُجْلَدُ مِنْهَا بِحِسَابِ الْحُرِّيَّةِ وَ تُجْلَدُ مِنْهَا بِحِسَابِ الرِّقِّ
(The book) ‘Al Irshad’ –
‘A contracted slave girl committed adultery in the era of Usman, and three-quarter of her (contract) had been liberated from her. Usman asked Amir Al-Momineen-asws. He-asws said: ‘She would be whipped in accordance with the freedom, and she would be whipped from it in accordance to the slavery’.
وَ سُئِلَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فَقَالَ تُجْلَدُ بِحِسَابِ الرِّقِّ
And Zayd Bin Sabit was asked. He said, ‘She would be whipped in accordance to the slavery’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع كَيْفَ تُجْلَدُ بِحِسَابِ الرِّقِّ وَ قَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهَا ثَلَاثَةُ أَرْبَاعِهَا وَ هَلَّا جَلَدْتَهَا بِحِسَابِ الْحُرِّيَّةِ فَإِنَّهَا فِيهَا أَكْثَرُ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to him: ‘How can she be whipped in accordance to the slavery and three-quarters from her has been liberated, and why won’t you whip her in accordance to the freedom, for more of her is in it?’
فَقَالَ زَيْدٌ لَوْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ كَذَلِكَ لَوَجَبَ تَوْرِيثُهَا بِحِسَابِ الْحُرِّيَّةِ
Zayd said, ‘Had that been like that, it would obligate her to inherit in accordance to her freedom’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَجَلْ ذَلِكَ وَاجِبٌ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to him: ‘Yes, that is obligatory’.
فَأُفْحِمَ زَيْدٌ وَ خَالَفَ عُثْمَانُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ صَارَ إِلَى قَوْلِ زَيْدٍ وَ لَمْ يُصْغِ إِلَى مَا قَالَ بَعْدَ ظُهُورِ الْحُجَّةِ عَلَيْهِ.
Zayd was stifled. Usman opposed Amir Al-Momineen-asws and went to the word of Zayd and did not listen to what he said after the argument had been revealed to him’’.[129]
38- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّاتِي يَأْتِينَ الْفاحِشَةَ مِنْ نِسائِكُمْ إِلَى سَبِيلًا قَالَ مَنْسُوخَةٌ وَ السَّبِيلُ هُوَ الْحُدُودُ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said regarding Words of Allah-azwj: And those from your women who are committing the immoralities, call against them four witnesses from you. So if they do testify, then withhold them in the houses until the death claims them or Allah Makes a way for them [4:15], he-asws said: ‘Abrogated, and the ‘way’ it is the legal penalty’’.[130]
39- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَ اللَّاتِي يَأْتِينَ الْفاحِشَةَ مِنْ نِسائِكُمْ إِلَى سَبِيلًا قَالَ هَذِهِ مَنْسُوخَةٌ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about this Verse: And those from your women who are committing the immoralities, call against them four witnesses from you. So if they do testify, then withhold them in the houses until the death claims them or Allah Makes a way for them [4:15]. He-asws said: ‘This is abrogated’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ كَانَتْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘How did it happen?’
قَالَ كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ إِذَا فَجَرَتْ فَقَامَ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعَةُ شُهُودٍ أُدْخِلَتْ بَيْتاً وَ لَمْ تُحَدَّثْ وَ لَمْ تُكَلَّمْ وَ لَمْ تُجَالَسْ وَ أُوتِيَتْ فِيهِ بِطَعَامِهَا وَ شَرَابِهَا حَتَّى تَمُوتَ
He-asws said: ‘When a woman had been immoral, four witnesses stood against her. She was entered into a room, and was not discussed with, and not spoken to, and not sat with, and she was brought her food and her drink until she died’.
قُلْتُ فَقَوْلُهُ أَوْ يَجْعَلَ اللَّهُ لَهُنَّ سَبِيلًا
I said, ‘His-azwj Words: or Allah Makes a way for them [4:15]?
قَالَ جَعَلَ السَّبِيلَ الْجَلْدَ وَ الرَّجْمَ وَ الْإِمْسَاكَ فِي الْبُيُوتِ
He-asws said: ‘He-azwj Made the way – the whipping, and the stoning, and the containment in the house’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ قَوْلُهُ وَ الَّذانِ يَأْتِيانِها مِنْكُمْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘His-azwj Words: And those two from you who are committing it [4:16]?’
قَالَ يَعْنِي الْبِكْرَ إِذَا أَتَتِ الْفَاحِشَةَ الَّتِي أَتَتْهَا هَذِهِ الثَّيِّبُ
He-asws said: ‘It means the virgin, when she commits the immorality which the previously married woman had committed’.
فَآذُوهُما قَالَ يُحْبَسُ فَإِنْ تابا وَ أَصْلَحا فَأَعْرِضُوا عَنْهُما إِنَّ اللَّهَ كانَ تَوَّاباً رَحِيماً.
(For) hurt them. [4:16], he-asws said: ‘Contained. So if they both repent and amend, turn aside from them both. Surely Allah would always be Oft-returning, Merciful [4:16]’’.[131]
40- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا قَالَ: أَتَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَتْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي فَجَرْتُ فَأَجْرِ فِيَّ حَدَّ اللَّهِ فَأَمَرَ بِرَجْمِهَا وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع حَاضِراً
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from one of our companions who said,
‘A woman came to Umar. She said, ‘O commander of the faithful! I have been immoral, so flow the legal penalty of Allah-azwj in me!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ سَلْهَا كَيْفَ فَجَرْتِ
He ordered with stoning her, and Ali Amir Al-Momineen-asws was present. He-asws said to him, ‘Ask her how she had been immoral’.
قَالَتْ كُنْتُ فِي فَلَاةٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ أَصَابَنِي عَطَشٌ شَدِيدٌ فَرُفِعَتْ لِي خَيْمَةٌ فَأَتَيْتُهَا فَأَصَبْتُ فِيهَا رَجُلًا أَعْرَابِيّاً فَسَأَلْتُهُ الْمَاءَ فَأَبَى عَلَيَّ أَنْ يَسْقِيَنِي إِلَّا أَنْ أُمَكِّنَهُ مِنْ نَفْسِي فَوَلَّيْتُ مِنْهُ هَارِبَةً فَاشْتَدَّ بِيَ الْعَطَشُ حَتَّى غَارَتْ عَيْنَايَ وَ ذَهَبَ لِسَانِي فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ مِنِّي أَتَيْتُهُ فَسَقَانِي وَ وَقَعَ عَلَيَّ
She said, ‘I was in a desert from the earth (and) severe thirst afflicted me. A tent appeared for me. I went to it. I came across a man in it, a Bedouin. I asked him for the water, but he refused to me to quench me, except if I were to enable him from myself. I turned around fleeing from him. The thirst intensified with me to the extent that my eyes sank and my tongue was gone. When that was reached from me, I went to him. He quenched me and fell upon me’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع هَذِهِ الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ باغٍ وَ لا عادٍ وَ هَذِهِ غَيْرُ بَاغِيَةٍ وَ لَا عَادِيَةٍ إِلَيْهِ فَخَلِّ سَبِيلَهَا
Ali-asws said to him: ‘This is which Allah-azwj Said: But the one who is desperate, without coveting nor transgressing, [2:173], and this one is neither transgressing nor coveting to it’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَوْ لَا عَلِيٌّ لَهَلَكَ عُمَرُ.
Umar said, ‘Had it not been for Ali-asws, Umar would have been destroyed!’’[132]
41- شي، تفسير العياشي فِي رِوَايَةِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِذَا زَنَى الرَّجُلُ يُجْلَدُ وَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَنْفِيَهُ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي جُلِدَ بِهَا إِلَى غَيْرِهَا سَنَةً وَ كَذَلِكَ يَنْبَغِي لِلرَّجُلِ إِذَا سَرَقَ وَ قُطِعَتْ يَدُهُ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – In a report by Sama’at,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘When the man commits adultery he will whipped, and it is befitting for the Imam-asws that he-asws exiled him from the land which he had been whipped in, to another, for a year, and like that it is befitting for the man when he steals, and his hand is cut’’.[133]
42- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلا تَعْتَدُوها وَ مَنْ يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: These are the Limits of Allah, therefore do not exceed these; and the one who exceeds the Limits of Allah, so those, they are the unjust ones [2:229].
فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَضِبَ عَلَى الزَّانِي فَجَعَلَ لَهُ جَلْدَ مِائَةٍ فَمَنْ غَضِبَ عَلَيْهِ فَزَادَ فَأَنَا إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُ بَرِيءٌ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَعْتَدُوهَا.
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is Wrathful upon the adulterer, so He-azwj Made one hundred lashes for it. The one whom Allah-azwj is Wrathful upon, I-asws am disavowed from him, for what is His-azwj Word: These are the Limits of Allah, therefore do not exceed these; [2:229]’’.[134]
43- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب أَتَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع تَسْتَعْدِي عَلَى زَوْجِهَا أَنَّهُ أَحْبَلَ جَارِيَتِي فَقَالَ إِنَّهَا وَهَبَتْهَا لِي
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub –
‘A woman came to Ali-asws claiming upon her husband, ‘He has impregnated my slave girl!’ He said, ‘She had gifted her to me’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لِلرَّجُلِ ائْتِنِي بِالْبَيِّنَةِ وَ إِلَّا رَجَمْتُكَ
Ali-asws said to the man, ‘Come to me-asws with the proof or else I-asws will have you stoned!’
فَلَمَّا رَأَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ أَنَّهُ الرَّجْمُ لَيْسَ دُونَهُ شَيْءٌ أَقَرَّتْ أَنَّهَا وَهَبَتْهَا لَهُ
When the woman saw that he would be stoned (to death), there wouldn’t be anything less than it, she acknowledged that she had gifted her to him.
فَجَلَدَهَا عَلِيٌّ ع وَ أَجَازَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ.
So, Ali-asws had her whipped, and he allowed that for him’’.[135]
الرِّضَا ع قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي امْرَأَةٍ مُحْصَنَةٍ فَجَرَ بِهَا غُلَامٌ صَغِيرٌ فَأَمَرَ عُمَرُ أَنْ تُرْجَمَ
Al-Reza-asws: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws judged regarding a married woman who a young boy had been immoral with. Umar ordered that she be stoned.
فَقَالَ ع لَا يَجِبُ الرَّجْمُ إِنَّمَا يَجِبُ الْحَدُّ لِأَنَّ الَّذِي فَجَرَ بِهَا لَيْسَ بِمُدْرِكٍ
He-asws said: ‘The stoning is not obligated. But rather the legal penalty (of whipping) is obligated, because the one who had been immoral with her wasn’t an adult’.
وَ أَمَرَ عُمَرُ بِرَجُلٍ يَمَنِيٍّ مُحْصَنٍ فَجَرَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَنْ يُرْجَمَ فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الرَّجْمُ لِأَنَّهُ غَائِبٌ عَنْ أَهْلِهِ وَ أَهْلُهُ فِي بَلَدٍ آخَرَ إِنَّمَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ
And Umar ordered a Yemeni man who had been immoral at Al-Medina, to be stoned. Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The stoning is not obligated upon him because he was absent from his wife, and his wife was in another city. But rather, the legal penalty (of whipping) is obligated upon him’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا أَبْقَانِيَ اللَّهُ لِمُعْضِلَةٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ.
Umar said, ‘May Allah-azwj not Keep me alive for a dilemma Abu Al-Hassan-asws does not happen to be for it’’.[136]
الْأَصْبَغُ بْنُ نُبَاتَةَ أَنَّ عُمَرَ حَكَمَ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ نَفَرٍ فِي زِنًا بِالرَّجْمِ فَخَطَّأَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي ذَلِكَ وَ قَدَّمَ وَاحِداً فَضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ وَ قَدَّمَ الثَّانِيَ فَرَجَمَهُ وَ قَدَّمَ الثَّالِثَ فَضَرَبَهُ الْحَدَّ وَ قَدَّمَ الرَّابِعَ فَضَرَبَهُ نِصْفَ الْحَدِّ خَمْسِينَ جَلْدَةً وَ قَدَّمَ الْخَامِسَ فَعَزَّرَهُ
Al Asbagh Bin Nubata –
‘Umar judge with the stoning upon five persons regarding adultery. Amir Al-Momineen-asws pointed his mistake regarding that, and he-asws forwarded one and struck his neck off, and he forwarded the second and stoned him, and forwarded the third and struck him the legal penalty (of whipping), and forwarded the fourth and struck him half the legal penalty of fifty lashes, and forwarded the fifth and excused him.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ كَيْفَ ذَلِكَ
Umar said, ‘How can that be so?’
فَقَالَ ع أَمَّا الْأَوَّلُ فَكَانَ ذِمِّيّاً زَنَى بِمُسْلِمَةٍ فَخَرَجَ عَنْ ذِمَّتِهِ وَ أَمَّا الثَّانِي فَرَجُلٌ مُحْصَنٌ زَنَى فَرَجَمْنَاهُ وَ أَمَّا الثَّالِثُ فَغَيْرُ مُحْصَنٍ فَضَرَبْنَاهُ الْحَدَّ وَ أَمَّا الرَّابِعُ فَعَبْدٌ زَنَى فَضَرَبْنَاهُ نِصْفَ الْحَدِّ وَ أَمَّا الْخَامِسُ فَمَغْلُوبٌ عَلَى عَقْلِهِ مَجْنُونٌ فَعَزَّرْنَاهُ
He-asws said: ‘As for the first, he was a Zimmy who had committed adultery with a Muslim woman, so he exited from his being a Zimmy (protection of an Islamic government); and as for the second, he was a married man having committed adultery, so we stoned him; and as for the third, he was unmarried, so we struck him the legal penalty (of whipping); and as for the fourth, he is a slave who had committed adultery, so we struck him half the legal penalty; and as for the fifth, he was overcome upon his intellect (insane), so we excused him’.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا عِشْتُ فِي أُمَّةٍ لَسْتَ فِيهَا يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ.
Umar said, ‘May I not live in a community you-asws aren’t in it, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws!’’[137]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ أُتِيَ بِحَامِلٍ قَدْ زَنَتْ فَأَمَرَ بِرَجْمِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع هَبْ لَكَ سَبِيلٌ عَلَيْهَا فَهَلْ لَكَ سَبِيلٌ عَلَى مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا وَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ وَ لا تَزِرُ وازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرى
And it is reported, ‘He (Umar) was brought a pregnant woman so he ordered with stoning her. Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to him: ‘Given there is a way for you upon her, but is there a way for you upon what is in her belly, and Allah-azwj the Exalted Says: nor will it bear the burden of another; [6:164]?’
قَالَ فَمَا أَصْنَعُ بِهَا
He said, ‘So what shall I do with her?’
قَالَ احْتَطْ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَلِدَ فَإِذَا وَلَدَتْ وَ وُجِدَ لِوُلْدِهَا مَنْ يَكْفُلُهُ فَأَقِمِ الْحَدَّ عَلَيْهَا
He-asws said: ‘Be patient upon her until she gives birth. When she has given birth and finds for her child someone who takes care of it, then establish the legal penalty upon her’.
فَلَمَّا وَلَدَتْ مَاتَتْ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَوْ لَا عَلِيٌّ لَهَلَكَ عُمَرُ.
When it was born, it died. Umar said, ‘Had it not been for Ali-asws, Umar would have been destroyed!’’[138]
ابْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ مُعَاوِيَةُ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ يَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ عَلِيّاً عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَجِدُ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا يَفْجُرُ بِهَا فَقَتَلَهُ مَا الَّذِي يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ
Ibn Al Musayyib,
‘Muawiya wrote to Abu Musa Al-Ashari asking him to ask Ali-asws about a man having found a man with his wife being immoral with her, so he killed him. What is that which obligates upon him?’
قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الزَّانِي مُحْصَناً فَلَا شَيْءَ عَلَى قَاتِلِهِ لِأَنَّهُ قَتَلَ مَنْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الْقَتْلُ.
He-asws said: ‘If the adulterer was a married man, there is nothing upon his killer because he has killed the one, the killing was obligated upon him’’.[139]
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ صَاحِبِ الْمُوَطَّإِ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُقِمْ أَرْبَعَةَ شُهَدَاءَ فَلْيُعْطَ بِرُمَّتِهِ.
And in a report by the author of ‘Al Muwatta’ –
‘He-asws said: ‘I-asws am Abu Al-Hassan-asws. If he cannot establish four witnesses, let him be give his full (punishment of stoning)’’.[140] (Non-Shia source)
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً تَشَبَّهَتْ لِرَجُلٍ بِجَارِيَتِهِ وَ اضْطَجَعَتْ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ لَيْلًا فَوَطِئَهَا فَأَمَرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِإِقَامَةِ الْحَدِّ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ سِرّاً وَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ جَهْراً.
And it is reported, ‘A woman resembled for a man with his slave girl and lied down upon his bed at night. He slept with her. Amir Al-Momineen-asws ordered with establishing the legal penalty upon the man in secret, and upon the woman openly’’.[141]
44- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب جَعْفَرُ بْنُ رِزْقِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قُدِّمَ إِلَى الْمُتَوَكِّلِ رَجُلٌ نَصْرَانِيٌّ فَجَرَ بِامْرَأَةٍ مُسْلِمَةٍ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدَّ فَأَسْلَمَ فَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ الْإِيمَانُ يَمْحُو مَا قَبْلَهُ وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ يُضْرَبُ ثَلَاثَةَ حُدُودٍ
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Ja’far Bin Rizqullah who said,
‘A Christian man was forwarded to (the caliph) Al-Mutawakkil who had been immoral with a Muslim woman. He intended to establish the legal penalty (of stoning) upon him. He became a Muslim. Yahya Bin Aksam said, ‘The Eman deletes whatever had been before it’, while others said, ‘He should be struck three legal penalties’.
فَكَتَبَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّقِيِّ ع يَسْأَلُهُ فَلَمَّا قَرَأَ الْكِتَابَ كَتَبَ يُضْرَبُ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ
Al-Mutawakkil wrote to Ali-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Naqi-asws asking him-asws. When he-asws read the letter, he-asws wrote: ‘He should be struck until he dies’.
فَأَنْكَرَ الْفُقَهَاءُ ذَلِكَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الْعِلَّةِ فَقَالَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا بَأْسَنا قالُوا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ وَ كَفَرْنا بِما كُنَّا بِهِ مُشْرِكِينَ السُّورَةَ
The jurists denied that. So, he wrote to him-asws asking him-asws about the reason. He-asws said (wrote): ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful! But when they saw Our Punishment, they said, ‘We believe in Allah alone and we deny what we had been associating with Him’ [40:84] But their Eman wasn’t going to benefit them when they saw Our Punishment. (This is) a Sunnah of Allah which Has been set aside among His servants, and that is where the Kafirs lost out [40:85]’ – the Chapter.
قَالَ فَأَمَرَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ فَضُرِبَ حَتَّى مَاتَ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘So Al-Mutawakkil ordered, and he was struck until he died’’.[142]
45- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِذَا زَنَى الشَّيْخُ وَ الشَّيْخَةُ جُلِدَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا مِائَةَ جَلْدَةٍ وَ عَلَيْهِمَا الرَّجْمُ وَ عَلَى الْبِكْرِ جَلْدُ مِائَةٍ وَ نَفْيُ سَنَةٍ فِي غَيْرِ مِصْرِهِ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Sama’at, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘When the old man and the old woman were to commit adultery, each one of them would be whipped one hundred lashes, and upon them both is the stoning, and upon the virgin is one hundred lashes and exiling for a year in another city’’.[143]
46- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ وَ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالا قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع لَا يُحَدُّ الزَّانِي حَتَّى يَشْهَدَ عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعَةُ شُهُودٍ عَلَى الْجِمَاعِ وَ الْإِيلَاجِ وَ الْإِخْرَاجِ كَالْمِيلِ فِي الْمُكْحُلَةِ وَ لَا يَكُونُ لِعَانٌ حَتَّى يَزْعُمَ أَنَّهُ عَايَنَ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Sama’at and Abu Baseer both said,
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘The adulterer will not be punished (the legal penalty) until four witnesses testify upon him, upon the intercourse, and the penetration, and the extraction, like the needle in the kohl container, and ‘Li’an’ (oaths of condemnation) cannot happen until he claims that he had witnessed’’.[144]
47- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: الْمُحْصَنُ يُرْجَمُ وَ الَّذِي لَمْ يُحْصَنْ يُجْلَدُ مِائَةً وَ لَا يُنْفَى وَ الَّذِي قَدْ أُمْلِكَ يُجْلَدُ مِائَةً وَ يُنْفَى وَ يَقَعُ اللِّعَانُ بَيْنَ الْحُرِّ وَ الْمَمْلُوكَةِ وَ الْيَهُودِيَّةِ وَ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ وَ إِنْ رُجِمَ يَتَوَارَثَانِ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The married man will be stoned, and the one who is unmarried will be whipped one hundred (lashes) and will not be exiled, and the one is owned will be whipped one hundred (lashes) and banished, and the ‘Li’an’ (oaths of condemnation) will fall between the free man and the slave woman, and the Jewess, and the Christian woman, and if stoned, they would inherit each other’’.[145]
48- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الزَّانِي وَ عِنْدَهُ سُرِّيَّةٌ أَوْ أَمَةٌ يَطَؤُهَا قَالَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الِاسْتِغْنَاءُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عِنْدَهُ مَا يُغْنِيهِ عَنِ الزِّنَا
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Is’haq,
‘From Abu Ibrahim (7th Imam-asws), he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the adulterer and there is a concubine with him, or a slave girl he sleeps with. He-asws said: ‘But it is the needlessness. There happens to be with him what makes him needless from the adultery’.
قُلْتُ فَإِنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَطَأُ الْأَمَةَ
I said, ‘Supposing he claims that he does not sleep with the slave girl’.
قَالَ لَا يُصَدَّقُ
He-asws said: ‘He does not speak the truth’.
قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ مُتْعَةٌ
I said, ‘Supposing with him is a temporary wife?’
قَالَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الدَّائِمُ عِنْدَهُ وَ أَيُّ جَارِيَةٍ زَنَتْ فَعَلَى مَوْلَاهَا حَدُّهَا وَ إِنْ وَلَدَتْ بَاعَ وَلَدَهَا وَ صَرَفَهُ فِيمَا أَرَادَ مِنْ حَجٍّ وَ غَيْرِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘But rather, it is the permanence with him; and whichever slave girls commits adultery, her legal penalty would be upon her master, and if she were to give birth he child would be sold, and it (price) would be spent in what he wants from Hajj and Umrah’’.[146]
49- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي امْرَأَةٍ اعْتَرَفَتْ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا أَنَّ رَجُلًا اسْتَكْرَهَهَا قَالَ هِيَ مِثْلُ السَّبِيَّةِ لَا يَمْلِكُ نَفْسَهَا لَوْ شَاءَ لَقَتَلَهَا لَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا حَدٌّ وَ لَا نَفْيٌ
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Abu Baseer,
‘From him-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws judged regarding a woman who had acknowledged upon herself that a man had forced her. He-asws said: ‘She is similar to the captive, not in control of herself. Had he so desired, he could have killed her. There is neither any legal penalty upon her nor banishment’.
وَ قَضَى فِي الْمَرْأَةِ لَهَا بَعْلٌ لَحِقَتْ بِقَوْمٍ فَأَخْبَرَتْهُمْ أَنَّهَا أَيِّمٌ فَنَكَحَهَا أَحَدُهُمْ ثُمَّ جَاءَ زَوْجُهَا أَنَّ لَهَا الصَّدَاقَ وَ أَمَرَ بِهَا إِذَا وَضَعَتْ وَلَدَهَا أَنْ تُرْجَمَ.
And he-asws judged regarding the woman having a husband for her. She joined up with a group and informed them that she is a widow, so one of them slept with her. Then her husband came, that for her is the dower, and he-asws ordered with her, when she has given birth to her child, she should be stoned’’.[147]
50- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: الْمُغِيبُ وَ الْمُغِيبَةُ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمَا رَجْمٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ رَجُلًا مُقِيماً مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ وَ امْرَأَتُهُ مُقِيمَةٌ مَعَهُ
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir – from Aby Baseer,
‘From him-asws having said: ‘The male (absent from his wife), and the female (absent from her husband), the stoning isn’t upon them, except if a man were to be staying with his wife and his wife were to be staying with him.
وَ إِذَا كَابَرَ رَجُلٌ امْرَأَةً عَلَى نَفْسِهَا ضُرِبَ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّيْفِ مَاتَ مِنْهَا أَوْ عَاشَ وَ مَنْ زَنَى بِذَاتِ مَحْرَمٍ ضُرِبَ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّيْفِ مَاتَ مِنْهَا أَوْ عَاشَ وَ لَا يَكُونُ الرَّجُلُ مُحْصَناً حَتَّى يَكُونَ عِنْدَهُ امْرَأَةٌ يُغْلِقُ عَلَيْهَا بَابَهُ
And when the man forces a woman against herself, he would be struck a strike with the sword, he either dies from it or lives; and one who commits adultery with a sanctimonious one (incest), he will be struck a strike with the sword, he either dies from it or live; and the man cannot be classified as married until there happens to be a woman with him he closes the door upon her’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى أَنْ يُقَتَّلُوا أَوْ يُصَلَّبُوا أَوْ تُقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَ أَرْجُلُهُمْ مِنْ خِلافٍ أَوْ يُنْفَوْا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ قَالَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ أَيَّهَا شَاءَ فَعَلَ
And I asked him-asws about Words of the Exalted: they should either be killed, or be crucified, or their hands and their legs be cut off from opposite sides, or be banished from the land. [5:33]. He-asws said: ‘That is up to the Imam-asws. He-asws can do whichever of these he-asws so desires to’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ النَّفْيِ قَالَ يُنْفَى مِنْ أَرْضِ الْإِسْلَامِ كُلِّهَا فَإِنْ وُجِدَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَرْضِ الْإِسْلَامِ قُتِلَ وَ لَا أَمَانَ لَهُ حَتَّى يَلْحَقَ بِأَرْضِ الشِّرْكِ
And I asked him-asws about the banishment. He-asws said: ‘He would be banished from the lands of Al-Islam, all of them. If he is found in anything from the land of Al Islam, he would be killed, and there is no safety for him until he joins with the land of Polytheism’’.[148]
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ إِذَا زَنَى قَالَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْإِمَامِ إِذَا جَلَدَ أَنْ يَنْفِيَهُ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي جَلَدَهُ فِيهَا إِلَى غَيْرِهَا سَنَةً وَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ أَنْ يُخْرِجَهُ مِنَ الْمِصْرِ وَ كَذَلِكَ إِذَا سَرَقَ قُطِعَتْ يَدُهُ وَ رِجْلُهُ وَ الرَّجُلُ
From Abdul Rahman –
‘And I asked him-asws about the man when he commits adultery. He-asws said: ‘It is befitting for the Imam-asws when he-asws whips, that he-asws banishes him from the land which he had been whipped in to somewhere else for a year, and it is upon the Imam-asws to expel him from the city; and like what when he steals, his hand and his leg would be cut.
إِذَا قَذَفَ الْمُحْصَنَةَ جُلِدَ ثَمَانِينَ حُرّاً كَانَ أَوْ مَمْلُوكاً وَ إِذَا زَنَى الْمَمْلُوكُ وَ الْمَمْلُوكَةُ جُلِدَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا خَمْسِينَ.
When he slanders the married woman, he would be whipped eighty (lashes) whether he was free or a slave; and when the male slave and the female slave commit adultery, each one of them would be whipped fifty (lashes)’’.[149]
51 ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: رَجَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ لَمْ يَجْلِدْ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greetings be upon him-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww stoned and did not whip’.
وَ ذُكِرَ لَهُ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع رَجَمَ وَ جَلَدَ بِالْكُوفَةِ فَقَالَ لَا أَعْرِفُ
And it was mentioned to him-asws that Ali-asws had stoned and whipped at Al-Kufa. He-asws said: ‘I-asws don’t know’.
وَ عَنِ الصَّبِيِّ يَقَعُ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ قَالَ لَا يُجْلَدَانِ
And about the young boy falling upon the woman. He-asws said: ‘They will not be whipped’.
وَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقَعُ عَلَى الصَّبِيَّةِ قَالَ لَا يُجْلَدُ الرَّجُلُ.
And about the man falling upon a young girl. He-asws said: ‘The man will not be whipped’’.[150]
52 ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: تُدْفَنُ الْمَرْأَةُ إِلَى وَسَطِهَا إِذَا أَرَادَ الْإِمَامُ رَجْمَهَا وَ يَرْمِي الْإِمَامُ ثُمَّ النَّاسُ بِحِجَارَةٍ صِغَارٍ وَ الزَّانِي إِذَا جُلِدَ ثَلَاثاً يُقْتَلُ فِي الرَّابِعَةِ.
The book of Kitab Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The woman would be buried up to her waist when the Imam-asws wants to stone her, and the Imam-asws will pelt, then the people, with the small stones; and when the adulterer is whipped thrice, he will be killed during the fourth’’.[151]
وَ قَالَ: إِنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَصَرَفَ وَجْهَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ الثَّانِيَةَ فَصَرَفَ وَجْهَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ الثَّالِثَةَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ وَ عَذَابُ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ
And he-asws said, ‘A man came to Rasool-Allah-saww. He said, ‘I have committed adultery!’ He‑saww turned his-saww face away. Then he came to him-saww the second time. He-saww turned his-saww face away. Then he came to him-saww the third time. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I have committed adultery, and punishment of the world is easier than punishment of the Hereafter!’
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَ بِصَاحِبِكُمْ مَسٌّ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Is there insanity with your companion?’
فَقَالَ لَا فَأَقَرَّ الرَّابِعَةَ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُرْجَمَ وَ حُفِرَ لَهُ حُفْرَةٌ فَرَجَمُوهُ فَلَمَّا وَجَدَ مَسَّ الْحِجَارَةِ خَرَجَ يَشْتَدُّ فَلَقِيَهُ الزُّبَيْرُ فَرَمَاهُ بِسَاقِ بَعِيرٍ فَتُعُقِّلَ بِهِ وَ أَدْرَكَهُ النَّاسُ فَقَتَلُوهُ
He said, ‘No’. He acknowledged for the fourth time, so Rasool-Allah-saww ordered with him to be stoned, and a pit was dug out for him. He was stone. When he felt touch of the stones (hitting him), he came out strongly. Al-Zubeyr met him and pelted him with a leg of a camel. He fell down due to it, and the people caught him, and they killed him.
فَأُخْبِرَ النَّبِيُّ ص بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ أَلَّا تَرَكْتُمُوهُ
The Prophet-saww was informed with that. He-saww said: ‘Why didn’t you leave him?’
وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَوِ اسْتَتَرَ وَ مَاتَ لَكَانَ خَيْراً لَهُ.
And Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘If he had concealed and died, it would have been better for him’’.[152]
53 ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: حَدُّ الرَّجْمِ فِي الزِّنَا أَنْ يَشْهَدَ أَرْبَعٌ أَنَّهُمْ رَأَوْهُ يُدْخِلُ وَ يُخْرِجُ وَ حَدُّ الْجَلْدِ أَنْ يُوجَدَ فِي لِحَافٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ يُحَدُّ الرَّجُلَانِ مَتَى وُجِدَا فِي لِحَافٍ وَاحِدٍ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The legal penalty of stoning regarding the adultery is if four testify that they had seen him enter and exit, and the legal penalty of the whipping is if he is found in one quilt, and the two men would be penalised when they are found in one quilt’’.[153]
54 كش، رجال الكشي عَنْ حَمْدَانَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ الْعَقَرْقُوفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ تَزَوَّجَتْ وَ لَهَا زَوْجٌ فَظَهَرَ عَلَيْهَا قَالَ تُرْجَمُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ يُضْرَبُ الرَّجُلُ مِائَةَ سَوْطٍ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَسْأَلْ
(The book) ‘Rijal’ of Al Kashy – from Hamdan, from Muawiya, from Shueyb Al Aqarqufy, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about a woman who had married, and there was already a husband for her. He appeared to her. He-asws said: ‘The woman will be stoned and the man would be struck one hundred lashes, because he did not ask’.
قَالَ شُعَيْبٌ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فَقُلْتُ لَهُ امْرَأَةٌ تَزَوَّجَتْ وَ لَهَا زَوْجٌ
Shueyb (the narrator) said, ‘I entered to see Abu Al-Hassan-asws. I said to him-asws, ‘A woman got married and there was already a husband for her’.
قَالَ تُرْجَمُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ لَا شَيْءَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ
He-asws said: ‘The woman would be stone and there is nothing upon the man’.
فَلَقِيتُ أَبَا بَصِيرٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ الَّتِي تَزَوَّجَتْ وَ لَهَا زَوْجٌ قَالَ تُرْجَمُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ لَا شَيْءَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ
I met Abu Baseer. I said to him, ‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about the woman who got married and there was already a husband for her. He-asws said: ‘The woman would be stoned and there is nothing upon the man’’.
فَمَسَحَ صَدْرَهُ وَ قَالَ مَا أَظُنُّ صَاحِبَنَا تَنَاهَى حُكْمُهُ بَعْدُ.
He wiped his chest and said, ‘I don’t think our Master-asws has ended his-asws ruling yet’’.[154] (please see explanation below)
55 كش، رجال الكشي عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ الْعَقَرْقُوفِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً وَ لَهَا زَوْجٌ وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ قَالَ تُرْجَمُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ شَيْءٌ إِذَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ
(The book) ‘Rijal’ of Al Kashy – from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Safwan, from Shueyb Bin Yaqoub Al Aqarqufy who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about the man marrying a woman and there is already a husband for her, and he did not know. He-asws said: ‘The woman would be stoned and there isn’t anything upon the man when he did not know’.
فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِأَبِي بَصِيرٍ الْمُرَادِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ لِي وَ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرٌ ع تُرْجَمُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ يُجْلَدُ الرَّجُلُ الْحَدَّ
I mentioned that to Abu Baseer Al Murady. He said, ‘By Allah-azwj! Ja’far-asws said to me: ‘The woman would be stoned and the man would be whipped the legal penalty’.
قَالَ فَضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ يَحُكُّهَا أَظُنُّ صَاحِبَنَا مَا تَكَامَلَ عِلْمُهُ.
He said, ‘He struck his hand upon his chest narrating it, ‘I think our Master-asws, his-asws knowledge is not perfect’’.[155] (please see explanation below)
أقول: و روى الشيخ في التهذيب ج 10 ص 25 و الاستبصار ج 4 ص 209، عن شعيب قال: سألت أبا الحسن( ع) عن رجل تزوج امرأة لها زوج، قال: يفرق بينهما، قلت: فعليه ضرب؟ قال: لا، ما له يضرب- الى أن قال: فأخبرت أبا بصير فقال: سمعت جعفرا عليه السلام يقول: ان عليّا عليه السلام قضى في رجل تزوج امرأة لها زوج فرجم المرأة و ضرب الرجل الحد، ثمّ قال: لو علمت أنك علمت لفضخت رأسك بالحجارة.
Explanation – I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘And it is reported by the sheykh in ‘Al Tahzeeb’ V 10, P 25, and ‘Al Istibsaar’ V 4 P 209, from Shueyb who said, ‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about a man marrying a woman already having a husband for her’. He-asws said: ‘There will be separation between the two’. I said, ‘Upon him is the strike (of the sword)?’ He said, ‘No, why should he be struck?’ – until he (the narrator) said: ‘I-asws have informed Abu Baseer’. He said, ‘I heard Ja’far-asws saying: ‘Ali-asws had judged regarding a man who had married a woman already having a husband for her, and he-asws hit the man the legal penalty, then said, ‘If I-asws knew that you had known, I-asws would have smashed your head with the stones’.
أقول: اصول الحكم في حدّ الزنا معلوم من الكتاب و السنة مقطوع بها بين الفريقين، و هو الرجم على المحصن و المحصنة، و الجلد على غيرهما، و الفقه أن يعرف المفتى في كل مورد حكمه الخاص به.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘The principle of the judgment regarding legal penalty of the adultery is known from the Book and the Sunnah, cut out between the two sects, and it is the stoning upon the married man and the married woman, and the whipping is upon others, and the jurisprudence is that the Mufti (judge) should recognise his judgment in all what is referred, what it is specialised with’.
فمن ذلك ما مضى أن أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام قضى في المرأة لها بعل لحقت بقوم فأخبرتهم أنّها بلا زوج فنكحها أحدهم ثمّ جاء زوجها: أن لها الصداق، و أمر بها إذا وضعت ولدها أن ترجم.
From that is what has passed that Amir Al-Momineen-asws, may the greetings be upon him-asws had judged regarding the woman already having a husband, she had met a group and informed them that she is without a husband. So, one of them slept with her. Then her husband came – for her is the dower, and he-asws had ordered with her, when she had delivered her child, she should be stoned.
فهذه المرأة انما لحقت بقوم آخر فرارا من زوجها، و لم يكن زوجها غاب عنها اختيارا، فكان عليها الرجم.
So, this woman, rather she had met another group, fleeing from her husband, and her husband had not been absent from her by choice, so the stoning happened upon her.
و من ذلك ما رواه في التهذيب ج 10 ص 25، و الكافي ج 7 ص 193 عن أبي بصير عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: سئل عن امرأة كان لها زوج غائبا عنها فتزوجت زوجا آخر قال: ان رفعت الى الامام ثمّ شهد عليها شهود أن لها زوجا غائبا و أن مادته و خبره يأتيها منه، و أنّها تزوجت زوجا آخر، كان على الامام أن يحدها و يفرق بينها و بين الذي تزوجها.
And from that is what is reported in ‘Al Tahzeeb’ V 10 P 25, and Al Kafi V 7 P 193 – from Abu Baseer, from Abu Ja’far-asws, may the greeting be upon him-asws. He said, ‘He-asws was asked about a woman who had a husband for her, absent from her, so he married another husband. He-asws said: ‘If it is raised to the Imam-asws, then witnesses testify upon her that there is an absent husband for her, and his knowledge and his news had come to her from him, and she married another husband, it would be upon the Imam-asws to penalise her, and separate between her and the one who had married her’.
فالظاهر أن الرجل ما علم أن لها زوجا غائبا، فليس عليه شيء كما قال أبو الحسن عليه السلام في الحديث الثاني من خبرى الكشّيّ. و انما كان عليها الحدّ لان زوجها كان غائبا عنها.
The apparent is that the man did not know that for her was a husband who was absent, so there isn’t anything upon him, like what Abu Al-Hassan-asws, may the greetings be upon him‑asws said in the second Hadeeth from the two Ahadeeth in ‘Al-Kashy’, and rather the legal penalty happened upon her because her husband was absent from her.
و من ذلك ما رواه في التهذيب و الكافي عنه عن أبي عبد اللّه عليهما السلام قال: سألته عن امرأة تزوجها رجل فوجد لها زوجا قال: عليه الجلد، و عليها الرجم، لانه تقدم بعلم و تقدمت هي بعلم، و مثله صدر الحديث الأول الذي نقل في المتن عن الكشّيّ.
And from that is what is reported in ‘Al-Tahzeeb’ and ‘Kafi’, from him, from Abu Abdullah-asws, may the greeting be upon him-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about a woman who is married by a man, and (then) he find there is a husband for her. He-asws said: ‘Upon him is the legal penalty, and upon her is the stoning, because he proceeded with knowledge, and she proceeded with knowledge’. And similar to it is source of the first Hadeeth which is copied from the subject matter from Al Kashi.
و هذه المسألة تفرض إذا ظهر الزوج على امرأته فوجدها مع رجل آخر كما عبر في حديث كش و قال:« فظهر عليها»، فادّعى الرجل- فرارا من الحد- فقال: انى تزوجتها و قد قالت لي: انها أيم. فعلى المرأة الرجم لأنّها زنت مع حضور زوجها، و على الرجل الحد- مائة سوط- لانه يدعى خلاف ظاهر الحال، فانه ان كان الرجل يعرفها فقد تقدم بعلم و ان لم يكن يعرفها فكيف لم يسأل عن وليها و عشيرتها أن يزوجوها منه و صدقها في قولها بلا بينة.
And this issue is imposed when the husband appeared to his wife and he found her being with another man, just as has been expressed in the Hadeeth of Al Kashi, and he said, ‘He appeared to her’. So, the man claimed, fleeing from the legal penalty. He said, ‘I married her and she had said to me she is a widow’. So, upon the woman is the stoning because she had committed adultery in presence of her husband, and upon the man is the legal penalty of one hundred lashes because he claimed differently to the apparent situation. If the man has known it, so he has proceeded with knowledge, and if he did not know it, how come he did not ask about her guardian and her clan that they can get her married to him, and he ratified her in her word without proof?
و اما القرينة على أن أبا عبد اللّه عليه السلام فرض المسألة هكذا قوله عليه السلام« لانه تقدم بعلم و تقدمت هي بعلم»، فالذى حدث به أبو بصير عن أبي عبد اللّه عليه السلام في ذيل الحديث الثاني من خبرى الكشّيّ محمول على ذلك مع أنّه أبو بصير المرادى الخبيث الذي يقول: ما أظن صاحبنا تناهى حكمه بعد.
And as for the presumption, it is based upon that Abu Abdullah-asws, may the greeting be upon him-asws, imposed the issue like that. His-asws words, may the greeting be upon him-asws: ‘Because he proceeded with knowledge and she proceeded with knowledge’. That which Abu Baseer narrated with from Abu Abdullah-asws, may the greeting be upon him-asws in the bottom of the second Hadeeth from the two Ahadeeth of Al Kashi, is carried upon that, along with that Abu Baseer Al-Muradi is the wicked one who said, ‘I don’t think our Master-asws has ended his-asws ruling yet’.
و أمّا حديثه الذي قال فيه: ان أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام ضرب الرجل الحد، ثم قال: لو علمت أنك علمت لفضخت راسك بالحجارة، ففيه الوهم و الخبط، لان الفضخ- و هو كناية عن الرجم- يدور مع الاحصان و عدمه، لا العلم، و لو صح قوله« لو علمت» و هو لا يعلم، فكيف ضربه الحدّ.
And as for his Hadeeth in which he said, ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws, may the greeting be upon him-asws had struck the man with the legal penalty, then said: ‘If I-asws knew you had known, I-asws would have smashed your head with the stones’, in it is the imagination and the confusion, because (the word) ‘Fazaj’ – and it is a metaphor about the stoning – rotates with the ‘being married’ and lack of it, not the knowledge, and if his-asws words are correct: ‘If I-asws knew’, and he-asws does not know, then how come he-asws struck the legal penalty?
فالخبر ساقط من الأصل متنا و سندا، و لا وجه للتكلف في حمل الحدّ على التعزير لتقصيره في التفتيش كما عن الشيخ رحمه اللّه.
So, the report is null and void from the original text and the chain of attribution, and there is no way to be assertive in carrying the legal penalty upon the criticism due to the deficiency in the investigation, like what is from the sheykh, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him.
56 تَفْسِيرُ النُّعْمَانِيِّ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ فِي كِتَابِ الْقُرْآنِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: كَانَتْ شَرِيعَتَهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ إِذَا زَنَتْ حُبِسَتْ فِي بَيْتٍ وَ أُقِيمَ بِأَوَدِهَا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ الْمَوْتُ وَ إِذَا زَنَى الرَّجُلُ نَفَوْهُ عَنْ مَجَالِسِهِمْ وَ شَتَمُوهُ وَ آذَوْهُ وَ عَيَّرُوهُ وَ لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَعْرِفُونَ غَيْرَ هَذَا
Tafseer Al Numani – by the previous chain in ‘Kitab Al Quran’ –
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘Their law during the pre-Islamic period was that when the woman committed adultery, she would be contained in a room and there would be a custodian for her maintenance until the death came to her and when the man committed adultery, they would expel him from their gatherings, and insult him, and hurt him, and fault (shame) him, and there did not happen to recognise other than this.
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي أَوَّلِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ اللَّاتِي يَأْتِينَ الْفاحِشَةَ مِنْ نِسائِكُمْ فَاسْتَشْهِدُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةً مِنْكُمْ فَإِنْ شَهِدُوا فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ فِي الْبُيُوتِ حَتَّى يَتَوَفَّاهُنَّ الْمَوْتُ أَوْ يَجْعَلَ اللَّهُ لَهُنَّ سَبِيلًا
Allah-azwj the Exalted Said in the beginning of Al Islam: And those from your women who are committing the immoralities, call against them four witnesses from you. So if they do testify, then withhold them in the houses until the death claims them or Allah Makes a way for them [4:15].
وَ الَّذانِ يَأْتِيانِها مِنْكُمْ فَآذُوهُما فَإِنْ تابا وَ أَصْلَحا فَأَعْرِضُوا عَنْهُما إِنَّ اللَّهَ كانَ تَوَّاباً رَحِيماً
And those two from you who are committing it, hurt them. So if they both repent and amend, turn aside from them both. Surely Allah would always be Oft-returning, Merciful [4:16].
فَلَمَّا كَثُرَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَ قَوِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ وَ اسْتَوْحَشُوا أُمُورَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الزَّانِيَةُ وَ الزَّانِي فَاجْلِدُوا كُلَّ واحِدٍ مِنْهُما مِائَةَ جَلْدَةٍ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ فَنَسَخَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ آيَةَ الْحَبْسِ وَ الْأَذَى.
When the Muslims were many, and Al-Islam was strong, and they shunned matters of the pre-Islamic period, Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed: The adulteress and the adulterer, flog each one of them a hundred lashes, [24:2] – up to the end of the Verse. So, this Verse Abrogated the Verse of the containment and the hurting’’.[156]
57 نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: فِي الْمُكْرَهِ لَا حَدَّ عَلَيْهَا وَ عَلَيْهِ مَهْرُ مِثْلِهَا.
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – by his chain,
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Regarding the force (rape), there is no legal penalty upon her, and upon him is dower similar to it’’.[157]
باب 71 تحريم اللواط و حده و بدو ظهوره
CHAPTER 71 – PROHIBITION OF HOMOSEXUALITY, AND ITS LEGAL PENALTY, AND BEGINNING OF ITS APPEARANCE
الآيات
The Verses –
الأعراف وَ لُوطاً إِذْ قالَ لِقَوْمِهِ أَ تَأْتُونَ الْفاحِشَةَ ما سَبَقَكُمْ بِها مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْعالَمِينَ
(Surah) Al A’raaf: And Lut, when he said to his people: ‘You are committing the immorality what no one has preceded you with it from the worlds! [7:80]
إِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ الرِّجالَ شَهْوَةً مِنْ دُونِ النِّساءِ بَلْ أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ مُسْرِفُونَ
You are coming to the men in lust from besides the women. But, you are an extravagant people [7:81]
إلى قوله تعالى وَ أَمْطَرْنا عَلَيْهِمْ مَطَراً فَانْظُرْ كَيْفَ كانَ عاقِبَةُ الْمُجْرِمِينَ
Up to Words of the Exalted: And We Rained upon them a rain, so look how was the end result of the criminals [7:84]
هود فَلَمَّا جاءَ أَمْرُنا جَعَلْنا عالِيَها سافِلَها وَ أَمْطَرْنا عَلَيْها حِجارَةً مِنْ سِجِّيلٍ مَنْضُودٍ
(Surah) Hud-as: So when Our Command came, We Made its upper part to be its lower part and Rained upon them stones of clay, piled up [11:82]
مُسَوَّمَةً عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ وَ ما هِيَ مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ بِبَعِيدٍ
Marked (for Punishment) with your Lord and it is not far off from the unjust [11:83]
الحجر فَجَعَلْنا عالِيَها سافِلَها وَ أَمْطَرْنا عَلَيْهِمْ حِجارَةً مِنْ سِجِّيلٍ
(Surah) Al Hijr: So We Made its top to be its bottom and Rained upon them stones of clay [15:74]
الأنبياء وَ لُوطاً آتَيْناهُ حُكْماً وَ عِلْماً وَ نَجَّيْناهُ مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي كانَتْ تَعْمَلُ الْخَبائِثَ إِنَّهُمْ كانُوا قَوْمَ سَوْءٍ فاسِقِينَ
(The book) ‘Al Anbiya-as’: And (as for) Lut, We Gave him Wisdom and Knowledge, and We Delivered him from the town which indulged in wickedness. They were an evil people, transgressors [21:74]
الشعراء أَ تَأْتُونَ الذُّكْرانَ مِنَ الْعالَمِينَ
(Surah) Al Shoara: You are (the one ones) coming to the males, from the (people of the) worlds [26:165]
وَ تَذَرُونَ ما خَلَقَ لَكُمْ رَبُّكُمْ مِنْ أَزْواجِكُمْ بَلْ أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ عادُونَ
And you are leaving what your Lord has Created for you from your wives. But, you are a transgressing people’ [26:166]
إلى قوله تعالى قالَ إِنِّي لِعَمَلِكُمْ مِنَ الْقالِينَ
He said: ‘I am from those who detest your deeds [26:168]
رَبِّ نَجِّنِي وَ أَهْلِي مِمَّا يَعْمَلُونَ
Lord! Deliver me and my family from what they are doing!’ [26:169]
إلى قوله تعالى وَ أَمْطَرْنا عَلَيْهِمْ مَطَراً فَساءَ مَطَرُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ
Up to Words of the Exalted: And We Rained down upon them a rain, and evil was the rain upon the warned ones [26:173]
النمل وَ لُوطاً إِذْ قالَ لِقَوْمِهِ أَ تَأْتُونَ الْفاحِشَةَ وَ أَنْتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ
(Surah) Al Naml: And Lut, when he said to his people: ‘You are committing the immoralities and you can see? [27:54]
أَ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ الرِّجالَ شَهْوَةً مِنْ دُونِ النِّساءِ بَلْ أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ تَجْهَلُونَ
And you are coming to the men lustfully from besides the women? But, you are a people acting ignorantly [27:55]
العنكبوت وَ لُوطاً إِذْ قالَ لِقَوْمِهِ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ الْفاحِشَةَ ما سَبَقَكُمْ بِها مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْعالَمِينَ
(Surah) Al Ankabout: And Lut when he said to his people: ‘You are committing the immoralities which no one from the worlds has preceded you with these [29:28]
أَ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ الرِّجالَ وَ تَقْطَعُونَ السَّبِيلَ وَ تَأْتُونَ فِي نادِيكُمُ الْمُنْكَرَ
Are you coming to the men and cutting of the ways (banditry), and committing the evil in your clubs?’ [29:29]
إلى قوله تعالى إِنَّا مُنْزِلُونَ عَلى أَهْلِ هذِهِ الْقَرْيَةِ رِجْزاً مِنَ السَّماءِ بِما كانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ
Up to Words of the Exalted: We would be descending upon the people of this town as a Punishment from the sky due to what mischief they were doing [29:34]
وَ لَقَدْ تَرَكْنا مِنْها آيَةً بَيِّنَةً لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ.
And We have left behind a clear Sign from it for a people who use their intellects [29:35].
1- ل، الخصال عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا كَانَ فِي شِيعَتِنَا فَلَا يَكُونُ فِيهِمْ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْيَاءَ لَا يَكُونَ فِيهِمْ مَنْ يَسْأَلُ بِكَفِّهِ وَ لَا يَكُونُ فِيهِمْ بَخِيلٌ وَ لَا يَكُونُ فِيهِمْ مَنْ يُؤْتَى فِي دُبُرِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Sa’ad, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Al Numan, from Ibn Asbat, from one of our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There has not happened among our-asws Shias, and there will not be among them, three things – There cannot be among them one who begs with his palm, nor can there be a miser among them, nor can there be among them one who is accessed (come to) in his backside’’.[158]
2- ل، الخصال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الطَّيَالِسِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ عَنْ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ ثَلَاثَةٌ لا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ وَ لا يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِمْ … وَ لا يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ أَلِيمٌ النَّاتِفُ شَيْبَهُ وَ النَّاكِحُ نَفْسَهُ وَ الْمَنْكُوحُ فِي دُبُرِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Al Tayalisy, from Abdul Rahman Bin Aqf, from Abu Najran Al Tameemi, from Ibn Humeyr, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying, ‘Three, neither will Allah Speak to them, nor will He Look at them on the Day of Judgement, nor will He Purify them, and for them would be a painful Punishment [3:77] – the plucker of his grey hair, and the one having sex with himself (masturbator), and the one having sex in his backside’’.[159]
3- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام فِي خَبَرِ الشَّامِيِّ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَنْ أَوَّلِ مَنْ عَمِلَ عَمَلَ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ فَقَالَ إِبْلِيسُ فَإِنَّهُ أَمْكَنَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ.
(The books) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, (and) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws –
In a report of the Syrian who asked Amir Al-Momineen-asws about the first one who committed the deed of the people of Lut-as (homosexuality). He-asws said: ‘Iblees-la. He-la enabled (others) from himself-la’’.[160]
4- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنِ ابْنِ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي اللُّوطِيِّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْصَناً رُجِمَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مُحْصَناً جُلِدَ الْحَدَّ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Ibn Tareyf, from Ibn Ulwan,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Ali-asws had said regarding the homosexual: ‘If he were to be married, he will be stoned, and if he is unmarried, he will be whipped the legal penalty’’.[161]
5- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنِ الْبَزَّازِ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَانَ يَقُولُ حَدُّ اللُّوطِيِّ مِثْلُ حَدِّ الزَّانِي إِنْ كَانَ مُحْصَناً رُجِمَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ عَزَباً جُلِدَ مِائَةً وَ يُجْلَدُ الْحَدَّ مَنْ يَرْمِ بِهِ بَرِيئاً.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Al Bazzaz, from Abu Al Bakhtary,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws: ‘Ali-asws had said: ‘Legal penalty of the homosexual is similar legal penalty of the adulterer. If he were to be married, he will be stoned, and if he were to be celibate, he will be flogged one hundred lashes, and he will be penalised the legal penalty of the one who slanders an innocent person with it’’.[162]
6- ع، علل الشرائع فِي عِلَلِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع عِلَّةُ تَحْرِيمِ الذُّكْرَانِ لِلذُّكْرَانِ وَ الْإِنَاثِ لِلْإِنَاثِ لِمَا رُكِّبَ فِي الْإِنَاثِ وَ مَا طُبِعَ عَلَيْهِ الذُّكْرَانُ وَ لِمَا فِي إِتْيَانِ الذُّكْرَانِ الذُّكْرَانَ وَ الْإِنَاثِ الْإِنَاثَ مِنِ انْقِطَاعِ النَّسْلِ وَ فَسَادِ التَّدْبِيرِ وَ خَرَابِ الدُّنْيَا.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, in ‘Ilal’ of Ibn Sinan,
‘From Al-Reza-asws: ‘The reason of Prohibition of the males to the males, and the females to the females is due to what has been installed in the females and what the males are natured upon, and due to what it is in the males coming to the males, and the females coming to the females, from termination of lineages, and corruption of the arrangement, and ruination of the world’’.[163]
7- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَوْزَاءِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ رَأَى رَجُلًا بِهِ تَأْنِيثٌ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ لَهُ اخْرُجْ مِنْ مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ يَا مَنْ لَعَنَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashary, from Al Barqy, from Abu Al Jowza, from Ibn Ulwan, from Amro Bin Khalid,
‘From Zayd son of Ali (Bin Al-Husayn-asws), from his forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws, he-asws saw a man having femininity with him in Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww. He-asws said to him: ‘Get out from Masjid of Rasool-Allah-saww, O one whom Rasool-Allah-saww had cursed!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الْمُتَشَبِّهِينَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ بِالنِّسَاءِ وَ الْمُتَشَبِّهَاتِ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ بِالرِّجَالِ.
Then Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘May Allah-azwj Curse the ones from the men resembling with the women, and the ones from the women resembling with the men!’’[164]
وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ أَخْرِجُوهُمْ مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَقْذَرُ شَيْءٍ.
And in another Hadeeth: ‘Expel them from your houses, for these are filthiest of things!’’[165]
و عن رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه و آله أنّه لعن المخنثين من الرجال، و قال: أخرجوهم من بيوتكم، و لعن المذكرات من النساء و المؤنثين من الرجال.
و عن رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه و آله أنّه لعن المخنثين من الرجال، و قال: أخرجوهم من بيوتكم، و لعن المذكرات من النساء و المؤنثين من الرجال.
Notes: And from Rasool-Allah-saww, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-saww, he-saww has cursed the effeminate from the men, and said: ‘Expel them from your houses’, and he-saww had cursed the masculine from the women and the effeminate from the men’.
و عنه عليه السلام أنّه قال: إذا كان الرجل كلامه كلام النساء، و مشيه مشى النساء و يمكن من نفسه فينكح كما تنكح المرأة فارجموه و لا تستحيوه.
And from him-asws, may the greeting be upon him-asws, he-asws said: ‘When the man, his talk were to be like talk of the women, and his walk, walk of the women, and he enables from himself so he has intermittency like what the woman has, then stone him and do not be embarrassed’.
8- ع، علل الشرائع بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص جَالِساً فِي الْمَسْجِدِ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ بِهِ تَأْنِيثٌ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَكَبَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْأَرْضِ يَسْتَرْجِعُ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – by this chain,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘I was seated with Rasool-Allah-saww in the Masjid until there came a man having femininity with him. He greeted unto him-saww, he-saww responded to him. Then Rasool-Allah-saww prostrated in the ground saying, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ مِثْلُ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي أُمَّتِي إِنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ مِثْلُ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي أُمَّةٍ إِلَّا عُذِّبَتْ قَبْلَ السَّاعَةِ.
Then he-saww said: ‘The likes of them are in my-saww community? Surely the likes of them cannot be in any community except it will be Punished before the Hour!’’[166]
أقول: كان بالمدينة ثلاثة من المخنثين: هيت و هرم و ماتع و كان هيت يدخل على أزواج رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه و آله متى أراد فدخل يوما دار أمّ سلمة و رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه و آله عندها
Note: I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘There were three from the effeminates in Al-Medina – Hayt, and Haram, and Matie, and Hayt used to enter to see wives of Rasool-Allah-saww, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws, when he wanted. One day he entered in the house of Umm Salama-as, and Rasool-Allah-saww, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws, was with her-as.
فأقبل على أخى أم سلمة عبد اللّه بن أبي أميّة يقول: ان فتح اللّه عليكم الطائف فسل أن تنفل بادية بنت غيلان بن سلمة الثقفية فانها مبتلة هيفاء، شموع نجلاء، تناصف وجهها في القسامة، و تجزأ معتدلا في الوسامة، ان قامت تثنت و ان قعدت تبنت، و ان تكلمت تغنت، أعلاها قضيب و أسفلها كثيب إذا أقبلت بأربع، و ان أدبرت أدبرت بثمان، مع ثغر كالاقحوان و شيء بين فخذيها كالقعب المكفأ إلخ.
He turned towards a brother of Umm Salama-as, Abdullah Bin Abu Amiya, saying, ‘If Allah-azwj Grants to you conquest of Al-Taif, ask about Badiya Bint Geylan Bin Salmah Al-Saqafiya, for she is slender of body, having large eyes, her face is fair, and her body parts are good looking in the moderation. If she stands, she sways, and if she sits, she is cultured, and if she speaks, she is melodious. Her top part is robust, and her bottom part is (like) a sand dune. When she comes forward, she comes with four, and when she turns back, she turns back with eight, along with an aroma like the chrysanthemum, and there is something in her thigh like a heel equivalent’ – etc.
فسمع ذلك رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه و آله فقال له: ما لك؟ سباك اللّه! ما كنت أحسبك الا من غير أولى الاربة من الرجال، فلذا كنت لا أحجبك عن نسائى، ثمّ أمره بأن يسير الى خاخ،
Rasool-Allah-saww, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws, heard that. He-saww said to him: ‘What is the matter with you? May Allah-azwj Curse you! I-saww have not been reckoning you except as a servants without sexual needs from the men, [24:31], for that reason I-saww have not been barring you from my-saww women!’ Then he-saww ordered him to travel to Khaakh’.
9- فس، تفسير القمي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْمَحْمُودِيِّ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الرَّازِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ أَنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ أَكْثَمَ سَأَلَ مُوسَى بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مَسَائِلَ وَ فِيهَا أَخْبِرْنَا عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ أَوْ يُزَوِّجُهُمْ ذُكْراناً وَ إِناثاً فَهَلْ يُزَوِّجُ اللَّهُ عِبَادَهُ الذُّكْرَانَ وَ قَدْ عَاقَبَ قَوْماً فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ
Tafseer Al Qummi – from his father, from Al Mahmoudy, and Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Razy, from Muhammad Bin Saeed,
‘Yahya Bin Aksam asked Musa son of Muhammad-asws (Al-Hadi-asws) about issues, and in it was, ‘Inform us about Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: Or He Pairs them as males and females [42:50]. Does Allah-azwj Pair His-azwj two servant and He-azwj has Punished a people who had done that?’
فَسَأَلَ مُوسَى أَخَاهُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الْعَسْكَرِيَّ ع وَ كَانَ مِنْ جَوَابِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُمْ أَوْ يُزَوِّجُهُمْ ذُكْراناً وَ إِناثاً فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يُزَوِّجُ ذُكْرَانَ الْمُطِيعِينَ إِنَاثاً مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ وَ إِنَاثَ الْمُطِيعَاتِ مِنَ الْإِنْسِ ذُكْرَانَ الْمُطِيعِينَ
Musa asked his brother-asws Abu Al-Hassan Al-Askari-asws, and it was from the answer of Abu Al-Hassan-asws: ‘As for their words, Or He Pairs them as males and females [42:50], Allah-azwj Blessed and exalted will be Pairing the obedient males to females from the Maiden Houries, and obedience females to the obedient human males.
وَ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْجَلِيلُ عَنَى مَا لَبَّسْتَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ تَطْلُبُ الرُّخْصَةَ لِارْتِكَابِ الْمَأْثَمِ فَ مَنْ يَفْعَلْ ذلِكَ يَلْقَ أَثاماً يُضاعَفْ لَهُ الْعَذابُ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ وَ يَخْلُدْ فِيهِ مُهاناً إِنْ لَمْ يَتُبْ.
And Allah-azwj Forbid if the Majestic happens to mean what you have confused upon yourself seeking the permission for indulging in the sins. And one who does that, indulges in sin [25:68] The Punishment would be doubled for him on the Day of Judgment, and he would be therein eternally in disgrace [25:69], if he does not repent’’.[167]
10- مع، معاني الأخبار عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص لَا يَجِدُ رِيحَ الْجَنَّةِ زَنُوقٌ وَ هُوَ الْمُخَنَّثُ.
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ –
‘From the Prophet-saww: ‘A ‘Zanouk’ will not feel the aroma of Paradise, and he is the effeminate’’.[168]
11- سن، المحاسن ثو، ثواب الأعمال قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أَلَحَّ فِي وَطْءِ الرِّجَالِ لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى يَدْعُوَ الرِّجَالَ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’, ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ –
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who persists in having sex with the men will not be dying until he calls the men to himself’’.[169]
12- سن، المحاسن ثو، ثواب الأعمال قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَوْ كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يُرْجَمَ مَرَّتَيْنِ لَرُجِمَ اللُّوطِيُّ مَرَّتَيْنِ.
(The books) ‘Al-Mahaasin’, (and) ‘Sawaab Al-Amaal’ – If it had been befitting for anyone to be stoned twice, the homosexual would be stoned twice’’.[170]
وَ قَالَ ع قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع اللِّوَاطُ مَا دُونَ الدُّبُرِ فَهُوَ لِوَاطٌ وَ الدُّبُرُ هُوَ الْكُفْرُ.
And he-asws said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The homosexual relationship what is besides the backside, it is ‘Liwaat’ (sodomy), and the backside, it is the Kufr’’.[171]
13- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي ابْتُلِيتُ بِبَلَاءٍ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Al Qaddah,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘A man came to my-asws father-asws. He said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! I am inflicted with a calamity. Supplicate to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic!’
قَالَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ يُؤْتَى فِي دُبُرِهِ
He-asws said, ‘It was said to him-asws, ‘He is come to in his backside’.
فَقَالَ ع مَا أَبْلَى اللَّهُ أَحَداً بِهَذَا الْبَلَاءِ وَ لَهُ فِيهِ حَاجَةٌ
He (Al-Sadiq-asws) said: ‘Allah-azwj does not Afflict anyone with this calamity and there is a need for Him-azwj regarding it’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبِي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ عِزَّتِي وَ جَلَالِي لَا يَقْعُدُ عَلَى إِسْتَبْرَقِهَا وَ حَرِيرِهَا مَنْ يُؤْتَى فِي دُبُرِهِ.
Then my-asws father-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “By My-azwj Might and My-azwj Majesty! He will not sit upon its brocades and its silks (in the Paradise), one who has been come to in his backside’’.[172]
14- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ عِبَاداً لَا يَعْبَأُ بِهِمْ شَيْئاً لَهُمْ أَرْحَامٌ كَأَرْحَامِ النِّسَاءِ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Khazzaz, from Giyas Bin Ibrahim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, said: ‘For Allah-azwj there are servant He-azwj does not Care anything with them. For them are wombs like the wombs of women’.
فَقِيلَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَ فَلَا يَحْبَلُونَ
It was said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Do they not get pregnant?’
قَالَ إِنَّهَا مَنْكُوسَةٌ.
He-asws said: ‘(what they possess) are inverted’’.[173]
15- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمْ يَبْتَلِ شِيعَتَنَا بِأَرْبَعٍ أَنْ يَسْأَلُوا النَّاسَ فِي أَكُفِّهِمْ وَ أَنْ يُؤْتَوْا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ أَنْ يَبْتَلِيَهُمْ بِوَلَايَةِ سَوْءٍ وَ لَا يُولَدُ لَهُمْ أَزْرَقُ أَخْضَرُ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Ibn Asbaat, from one of his companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic does not Try our-asws Shias with four – they begging the people in their palms, and they are accessed in themselves (homosexuality), and they being Tried with evil wilayah (governance), nor will a blue/green eyed be from/for them’’.[174]
16- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْمُتَشَبِّهِينَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ بِالنِّسَاءِ وَ الْمُتَشَبِّهَاتِ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ بِالرِّجَالِ وَ هُمُ الْمُخَنَّثُونَ وَ اللَّاتِي يَنْكِحُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً وَ إِنَّمَا أَهْلَكَ اللَّهُ قَوْمَ لُوطٍ حِينَ عَمِلَ النِّسَاءُ مِثْلَ عَمَلِ الرِّجَالِ يَأْتِي بَعْضُهُنَّ بَعْضاً.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from Ali Bin Abdullah, from Abdul Rahman Bin Muhammad, from Abu Khadeeja,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww cursed from the men resembling with the women, and from the women resembling with the men, and they are the bisexual who have sex with each other, and rather Allah-azwj Destroyed people of Lut-as when the women had done similar to deeds of the men, going to each other’’.[175]
17- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَمْكَنَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ طَائِعاً يُلْعَبُ بِهِ إِلَّا أَلْقَى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ شَهْوَةَ النِّسَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Giyas Bin Ibrahim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, said: ‘No one will enable from himself willingly to be played with, except Allah-azwj will Cast lusts of the women in him’’.[176]
18- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب ف، تحف العقول سَأَلَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى أَوْ يُزَوِّجُهُمْ ذُكْراناً وَ إِناثاً وَ قَالَ أَ يُزَوِّجُ اللَّهُ عِبَادَهُ الذُّكْرَانَ وَ قَدْ عَاقَبَ قَوْماً فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ
(The books) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub, (and) ‘Tuhaf Al Uqoul’ –
‘Yahya Bin Aksam asked about Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: Or He Pairs them as males and females [42:50], and said: ‘Does Allah-azwj Pair His-azwj male servants and He-azwj has Punished a people who had done that?’
فَقَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الثَّالِثُ ع أَيْ يُولَدُ لَهُ ذُكُورٌ وَ يُولَدُ لَهُ إِنَاثٌ يُقَالُ لِكُلِّ اثْنَيْنِ مُقْتَرِنَيْنِ زَوْجَانِ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا زَوْجٌ وَ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَنَى الْجَلِيلُ مَا لَبَّسْتَ بِهِ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ تَطْلُبُ الرُّخَصَ لِارْتِكَابِ الْمَأْثَمِ وَ مَنْ يَفْعَلْ ذلِكَ يَلْقَ أَثاماً يُضاعَفْ لَهُ الْعَذابُ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ وَ يَخْلُدْ فِيهِ مُهاناً إِنْ لَمْ يَتُبْ
Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 3rd said: ‘Whoever males are born for him and females are born for him, it is said for every two coupled as being pairs, each one of them being a pair, and Allah-azwj Forbid that the Majestic Would mean what you have confused upon yourself seeking the permission to indulge in the sins. And one who does that, indulges in sin [25:68] The Punishment would be doubled for him on the Day of Judgment, and he would be therein eternally in disgrace [25:69], if he does not repent’.
وَ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَقَرَّ بِاللِّوَاطِ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَ يُحَدُّ أَمْ يُدْرَأُ عَنْهُ الْحَدُّ
And he-asws was asked about a man who had acknowledged with the homosexuality upon himself, ‘Will he be penalised or the legal penalty be staved off from him?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ لَمْ تُقَمْ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ وَ إِنَّمَا تَطَوَّعَ بِالْإِقْرَارِ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ إِذَا كَانَ لِلْإِمَامِ الَّذِي مِنَ اللَّهِ أَنْ يُعَاقِبَ عَنِ اللَّهِ كَانَ لَهُ أَنْ يَمُنَّ عَنِ اللَّهِ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى هذا عَطاؤُنا الْآيَةَ.
He-asws said: ‘Surely a proof had not been established upon him, and rather he volunteered with the acknowledgment from himself, and then it would be for the Imam-asws who is from Allah-azwj to Punish on behalf of Allah-azwj. It would be for him-asws if he-asws were to confer on behalf of Allah-azwj. Have you not heard Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: This is Our Gift, [38:39] – the Verse’’.[177]
19- سن، المحاسن عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْقَدَّاحِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَتَبَ خَالِدٌ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أُتِيتُ بِرَجُلٍ قَامَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْبَيِّنَةُ أَنَّهُ يُؤْتَى فِي دُبُرِهِ كَمَا تُؤْتَى الْمَرْأَةُ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Ja’far Bin Muhammad, from Al Qadah who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Khalid wrote to Abu Bakr, ‘Greeting be to you! As for after, I have been brought a man upon whom the proof has been established that he has been come to in his backside’.
فَاسْتَشَارَ فِيهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالُوا اقْتُلُوهُ
Abu Bakr consulted, they said, ‘Kill him!’
فَاسْتَشَارَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالَ أَحْرِقْهُ بِالنَّارِ فَإِنَّ الْعَرَبَ لَا تَرَى الْقَتْلَ شَيْئاً
He sought consultation of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, he-asws said: ‘Burn him with the fire, for Arabs do not view the killing as anything’.
قَالَ لِعُثْمَانَ مَا تَقُولُ
He said to Usman, ‘What are you saying?’
قَالَ أَقُولُ مَا قَالَ عَلِيٌّ يُحْرِقُهُ بِالنَّارِ
He said, ‘I am saying what Ali-asws said. Burn him with the fire’.
قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ أَنَا مَعَ قَوْلِكُمَا وَ كَتَبَ إِلَى خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ أَنْ أَحْرِقْهُ بِالنَّارِ فَأَحْرَقَهُ.
Abu Bakr said, ‘And I am with both your words’, and he wrote to Khalid Bin Al-Waleed, ‘Burn him with the fire’. So he burned him’’.[178]
20- سن، المحاسن عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قِيلَ أَ يَكُونُ الْمُؤْمِنُ مُبْتَلًى قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَكِنْ يَعْلُو وَ لَا يُعْلَى.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali, from someone else, from his companions raising it to,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘It was said, ‘Can the Momin be afflicted?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, but he will be higher (have sex with a woman), and not lower (passive sex with a man)’’.[179]
21- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام وَ أَمَّا أَصْلُ اللِّوَاطِ مِنْ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ وَ قراهم [فِرَارِهِمْ] مِنْ قِرَى الْأَضْيَافِ عَنْ مُدْرِكَةِ الطَّرِيقِ وَ انْفِرَادِهِمْ عَنِ النِّسَاءِ وَ اسْتِغْنَاءِ الرِّجَالِ بِالرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ بِالنِّسَاءِ وَ لِذَلِكَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَيُّ دَاءٍ أَدْوَى مِنَ الْبُخْلِ وَ ذَكَرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ وَ حُرِّمَ لِمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْفَسَادِ وَ بُطْلَانِ مَا حَضَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَمَرَ بِهِ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greetings upon him-asws, ‘And as for the origin of homosexuality, it is from people of Lut-as and their fleeing from entertaining the guests from reaching the roads, and their separating from the women, and the men availing with the men, and the women with the women, and for that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Which disease is worst than the stinginess?’ – and he-saww mentioned this Hadeeth – ‘And it is Prohibited due to what is in it, from the corruption and the invalidation of what Allah-azwj has Urged upon and has Commanded with, of (being with) the women’’.[180]
أَرْوِي عَنِ الْعَالِمِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَوْ كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يُرْجَمَ مَرَّتَيْنِ لَرُجِمَ اللُّوطِيُّ وَ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلُ حَدِّ الزَّانِي مِنَ الرَّجْمِ وَ الْحَدِّ مُحْصَناً وَ غَيْرَ مُحْصَنٍ
It is reported from the Scholar-asws having said: ‘Had it been befitting for anyone to be stoned twice, the homosexual would be stoned (twice), and upon him is like the legal penalty of the stoning of the adulterer, and legal penalty of the married man and celibate.
فَإِذَا وُجِدَ رَجُلَانِ عُرَاةً فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ هُمَا مُتَّهَمَانِ فَعَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا مِائَةُ جَلْدَةٍ وَ كَذَلِكَ امْرَأَتَانِ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ رَجُلٌ وَ امْرَأَةٌ فِي ثَوْبٍ
When two men are found naked in one cloth and they are accusing each other, upon each one of them would be one hundred lashes, and like that are two women in one cloth, and a man and a woman in (one) cloth.
وَ فِي اللِّوَاطَةِ الْكُبْرَى ضَرْبَةٌ بِالسَّيْفِ أَوْ هَدْمَةٌ أَوْ طَرْحُ الْجِدَارِ وَ هِيَ الْإِيقَابُ وَ فِي الصُّغْرَى مِائَةُ جَلْدَةٍ.
And regarding the major homosexuality, strike with the sword, or demolishing, or dropping the wall, and (the major) it is the insertion in the hole, and regarding the minor, one hundred lashes’’.[181]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ اللِّوَاطَةَ هُوَ التَّفْخِيذُ وَ أَنَّ عَلَى فَاعِلِهِ الْقَتْلَ وَ الْإِيقَابُ الْكُفْرُ بِاللَّهِ وَ لَيْسَ الْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا وَ إِنَّمَا الْعَمَلُ عَلَى الْأَوَّلِ فِي اللِّوَاطَةِ
And it is reported, ‘The homosexuality, it is the ‘Tafkheez’ (oral immorality), and upon its doer is the killing, and the penetration into the hole, it is the Kufr with Allah-azwj, and the deed isn’t based on this, and rather deed is upon the first, regarding the homosexuality.
وَ اتَّقِ الزِّنَا وَ اللِّوَاطَ وَ هُوَ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الزِّنَا وَ الزِّنَا أَشَدُّ مِنْهُ وَ هُمَا يُورِثَانِ صَاحِبَهُمَا اثْنَيْنِ وَ سَبْعِينَ دَاءً فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ لَا يُحَدُّ اللُّوطِيُّ حَتَّى يُقِرَّ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ.
And fear the adultery and the homosexuality, and it is severer than the adultery, and the adultery is severer than it, and they both inherit its owner seventy-two illnesses in the world and the Hereafter; and the homosexual will not be penalised until he acknowledges four times’’.[182]
22- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام مَنْ لَاطَ بِغُلَامٍ فَعُقُوبَتُهُ أَنْ يُحْرَقَ بِالنَّارِ أَوْ يُهْدَمَ عَلَيْهِ حَائِطٌ أَوْ يُضْرَبَ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّيْفِ وَ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ أُخْتُهُ فِي التَّزْوِيجِ أَبَداً وَ لَا ابْنَتُهُ وَ يُصْلَبُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى شَفِيرِ جَهَنَّمَ حَتَّى يَفْرُغَ اللَّهُ مِنْ حِسَابِ الْخَلَائِقِ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘One who commits homosexuality with a young boy, his punishment is that he should be burned with the fire, or a wall demolished upon him, or he be struck by a strike of the sword, and his sister will not be Permissible for him in the marriage, ever, nor his daughter, and on the Day of Qiyamah he will be crucified on the edge of Hell until Allah-azwj will be Free from Reckoning the creatures.
ثُمَّ يُلْقِيهِ فِي النَّارِ فَيُعَذِّبُهُ بِطَبَقٍ مِنْ طَبَقَةٍ مِنْهَا حَتَّى يؤده [يَؤُدِّيَهُ] إِلَى أَسْفَلِهَا فَلَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا أَبَداً وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ حُرْمَةَ الدُّبُرِ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ حُرْمَةِ الْفَرْجِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ أَهْلَكَ أُمَّةً بِحُرْمَةِ الدُّبُرِ وَ لَمْ يُهْلِكْ أَحَداً بِحُرْمَةِ الْفَرْجِ.
Then he will be thrown into the Fire. He will be Punished with a lay from the layers from it until he will be deposited in its bottom, so he will not exit from it, ever! And know that sanctity of the backside is greater than sanctity of the female front part, because Allah-azwj has Destroyed a community for (violating) the sanctity of the backside and did not Destroy anyone for the (violating) sanctity of the female front part’’.[183]
23- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ خَيَّرَ لِرَجُلٍ فَسَقَ بِغُلَامٍ إِمَّا ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّيْفِ أَوْ هَدْمَ حَائِطٍ عَلَيْهِ أَوِ الْحَرَقَ بِالنَّارِ فَاخْتَارَ النَّارَ لِشِدَّةِ عُقُوبَتِهَا وَ سَأَلَ النَّظِرَةَ لِرَكْعَتَيْنِ
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub, and it is reported,
‘A choice was given to a man having had relations with a boy, either a strike with the sword, or a wall demolished upon him, or the burning with the fire. He chose the fire due to the severity of its torment, and he asked the onlookers to let him pray two Cycles Salat.
فَلَمَّا صَلَّى رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنِّي أَتَيْتُ بِفَاحِشَةٍ وَ أَتَيْتُ إِلَى وَلِيِّكَ تَائِباً وَ اخْتَرْتُ الْإِحْرَاقَ لِأَتَخَلَّصَ مِنْ نَارِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
When he had prayed, he raised his head towards the sky and said, ‘O Lord-azwj! I have committed an indecency and I have come to Your-azwj Guardian-asws repentant and have chose the burning in order to be finished from Fire on the Day of Qiyamah!’
فَبَكَى عَلِيٌّ ع وَ بَكَى مَنْ حَوْلَهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ اذْهَبْ فَقَدْ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَكَ
Ali-asws wept, and the ones around him-asws wept. Ali-asws said: ‘Go, for Allah-azwj has Forgiven you!’
فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تُعَطِّلُ حَدّاً مِنْ حُدُودِ اللَّهِ
A man said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! You-asws have deactivated a legal penalty from the penalties of Allah-azwj!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ وَيْلَكَ إِنَّ الْإِمَامَ إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ تَابَ الْعَبْدُ مِنْ ذَنْبٍ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَهُ.
He-asws said to him: ‘Woe be to you! When the Imam-asws were to be from the Direction of Allah-azwj, then the servant repents from a sin between him and Allah-azwj, it is for him-asws to forgive him’’.[184]
24- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْكُوفِيُّ وَ الْقَاضِي النُّعْمَانِيُّ فِي كِتَابَيْهِمَا قَالا رُفِعَ إِلَى عُمَرَ أَنَّ عَبْداً قَتَلَ مَوْلَاهُ فَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِ فَدَعَاهُ عَلِيٌّ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ أَ قَتَلْتَ مَوْلَاكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Abu Al Qasim Al Kufy, and Al Qazy Al Numany, in both their books said,
‘It was raised to Umar, a slave who had killed his master, so he ordered with killing him. Ali-asws called him. He-asws said to him, ‘Did you kill your master?’ He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَلِمَ قَتَلْتَهُ قَالَ غَلَبَنِي عَلَى نَفْسِي وَ أَتَانِي فِي ذَاتِي
He-asws said: ‘Why did you kill him?’ He said, ‘He overcame me upon myself and came to me regarding myself’.
فَقَالَ ع لِأَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ أَ دَفَنْتُمْ وَلِيَّكُمْ قَالُوا نَعَمْ
He-asws said to guardians of the killed one: ‘Have you buried your friend?’ They said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ وَ مَتَى دَفَنْتُمُوهُ قَالُوا السَّاعَةَ
He-asws said: ‘And when did you bury him?’ They said, ‘Just now’.
قَالَ لِعُمَرَ احْبِسْ هَذَا الْغُلَامَ فَلَا تُحْدِثْ فِيهِ حَدَثاً حَتَّى تَمُرَّ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ قُلْ لِأَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ إِذَا مَضَتْ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ فَاحْضُرُونَا
He-asws said to Umar: ‘Withhold this slave. Do not do anything regarding him until three days have passed by, then say to guardians of the killed one, when three days have passed, to present to us’.
فَلَمَّا مَضَتْ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ حَضَرُوا فَأَخَذَ عَلِيٌّ ع بِيَدِ عُمَرَ وَ خَرَجُوا ثُمَّ وَقَفَ عَلَى قَبْرِ الرَّجُلِ الْمَقْتُولِ فَقَالَ لِأَوْلِيَائِهِ هَذَا قَبْرُ صَاحِبِكُمْ قَالُوا نَعَمْ
When three days had passed, they presented. Ali-asws held a hand of Umar and they went out. Then he-asws paused at the grave of the killed man. He-asws said to his guardians: ‘This is the grave of your companion?’ They said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ ع احْضُرُوا فَحَضَرُوا حَتَّى انْتَهَوْا إِلَى اللَّحْدِ فَقَالَ أَخْرِجُوا مَيِّتَكُمْ فَنَظَرُوا إِلَى أَكْفَانِهِ فِي اللَّحْدِ وَ لَمْ يَجِدُوهُ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ بِذَلِكَ
He-asws said: ‘Present yourselves!’ They presented (closer) until they ended to the grave. He-asws said: ‘Extract your deceased!’ They looked at his shroud in the grave and did not find him. They informed him-asws with that.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَ اللَّهِ مَا كَذَبْتُ وَ لَا كُذِبْتُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ مَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِنْ أُمَّتِي عَمَلَ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ مُؤَجَّلٌ إِلَى أَنْ يُوضَعَ فِي لَحْدِهِ فَإِذَا وُضِعَ فِيهِ لَمْ يَمْكُثْ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَلَاثٍ حَتَّى تَقْذِفَهُ الْأَرْضُ إِلَى جُمْلَةِ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ الْمُهْلَكِينَ فَيُحْشَرَ مَعَهُمْ.
Ali-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj is the Greatest! Allah-azwj is the Greatest! By Allah-azwj! Neither have I-asws lied not have I-asws been lied to. I-asws heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘One from my-saww community who does the deed of people of Lut-as, then he dies upon that, so he is respited until he is placed in his grave. When he is placed in it, he does not remain for more than three (days) until the earth throws him to a total of the people of Lut-as, the destroyed ones, so he will be Resurrected with them!’’[185]
25- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مَيْمُونٍ اللَّبَّانِ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُرِئَ عِنْدَهُ آيَاتٌ مِنْ هُودٍ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ وَ أَمْطَرْنا عَلَيْها حِجارَةً مِنْ سِجِّيلٍ مَنْضُودٍ مُسَوَّمَةً عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ وَ ما هِيَ مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ بِبَعِيدٍ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Maymoun Al Labban who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws. A Verse was read out in his-asws presence from (Surah) Hud-as. When he reached: So when Our Command came, We Made its upper part to be its lower part and Rained upon them stones of clay, piled up [11:82] Marked (for Punishment) with your Lord and it is not far off from the unjust [11:83].
فَقَالَ ع مَنْ مَاتَ مُصِرّاً عَلَى اللِّوَاطِ فَلَمْ يَتُبْ يَرْمِيهِ اللَّهُ بِحَجَرٍ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْحِجَارَةِ يَكُونُ فِيهِ مَنِيَّتُهُ وَ لَا يَرَاهُ أَحَدٌ.
He-asws said: ‘One who dies being persistent upon the homosexuality and he does not repent, Allah-azwj will Pelt him with the stones from those stones his death was to be in it, and no one sees him’’.[186]
26- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لَمَّا عَمِلَ قَوْمُ لُوطٍ مَا عَمِلُوا بَكَتِ الْأَرْضُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا حَتَّى بَلَغَ دُمُوعُهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ بَكَتِ السَّمَاءُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ دُمُوعُهَا الْعَرْشَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ أَنِ احْصِبِيهِمْ وَ أَوْحَى إِلَى الْأَرْضِ أَنِ اخْسِفِي بِهِمْ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Al Sakuny,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘When the people of Lut-as did what they did, the earth cried to its Lord-azwj to the extent that its tears reached to the sky, and the sky cried until its tears reached to the Throne. Allah-azwj Revealed to the sky: “Count them!’ And Revealed to the earth: “Submerge them!”’[187]
27- مكا، مكارم الأخلاق عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ دُبُرٍ مُسْتَنْكَحٍ الْجُلُوسَ عَلَى إِسْتَبْرَقِ الْجَنَّةِ.
(The book) ‘Makrim Al Akhlaq’ –
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj has Prohibited upon every backside having had sex, sitting upon brocade of Paradise’’.[188]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَنْ قَبَّلَ غُلَاماً مِنْ شَهْوَةٍ أَلْجَمَهُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِلِجَامٍ مِنْ نَارٍ.
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘One who kisses a boy out of lust, on the Day of Qiyamah Allah-azwj will Rein him with a rein of Fire’’.[189]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع مَنْ أَمْكَنَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ طَائِعاً يُلْعَبُ بِهِ أَلْقَى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ شَهْوَةَ النِّسَاءِ.
And from Ali-asws: ‘One who enabled from himself willingly to be played with, Allah-azwj will Cast upon him lusts of the women’’.[190]
عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى جَعَلَ شَهْوَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ فِي صُلْبِهِ وَ جَعَلَ شَهْوَةَ الْكَافِرِ فِي دُبُرِهِ.
From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Made lust of the Momin to be in his loins, and Made lust of the Kafir to be in his backside’’.[191]
28- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اللُّوطِيِّ قَالَ يُضْرَبُ مِائَةَ جَلْدَةٍ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the homosexual. He-asws said: ‘He will be struck one hundred lashes’’.[192]
29- إِرْشَادُ الْقُلُوبِ، رُوِيَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ خُذْ حَدَّ اللَّهِ فِي جَنْبِي
(The book) ‘Irshad Al Quloub’ –
It is reported, ‘A man came to Amir Al-Momineen-asws. He said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Take the legal penalty of Allah-azwj regarding my crime’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَا ذَا صَنَعْتَ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to him: ‘What is that you have done?’
فَقَالَ لُطْتُ بِغُلَامٍ
He said, ‘Sodomy with a young boy’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَمْ تُوقِبْ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to him: ‘You did not penetrate?’
قَالَ بَلْ أَوْقَبْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
He said, ‘I did penetrate, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ اخْتَرْ مِنْ إِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ ضَرْباً بِالسَّيْفِ أَخَذَ مِنْكَ مَا أَخَذَ أَمْ هَدْمَ جِدَارٍ عَلَيْكَ أَوْ حَرَقاً بِالنَّارِ
He-asws said to him: ‘Choose from one of the three – a strike with the sword, it takes from you what it takes, or a wall demolished upon you, or burned by the fire’.
فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ أَيُّهَا أَشَدُّ تَمْحِيصاً لِذُنُوبِي
The man said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws, and which of these is severest purification for my sins?’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع الْحَرَقُ بِالنَّارِ
Ali-asws said: ‘Being burnt with the fire’.
فَقَالَ إِنِّي قَدِ اخْتَرْتُهُ
He said, ‘I hereby choose it’.
فَقَالَ يَا قَنْبَرُ أَضْرِمْ نَاراً فَأَضْرَمَ لَهُ النَّارَ
He-asws said: ‘O Qanbar! Kindle a fire’. He kindled the fire for him.
فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَ تَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ أُحْسِنَ
He (the man) said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Will you permit for me to pray two Cycles Salat and make it good?’
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع صَلِّ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Pray!’
قَالَ فَتَوَضَّأَ الرَّجُلُ وَ أَسْبَغَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ أَحْسَنَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ سَجَدَ سَجْدَةَ الشُّكْرِ وَ جَعَلَ يَبْكِي فِي سُجُودِهِ وَ يَدْعُو وَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي عَبْدُكَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ ابْنُ أَمَتِكَ مُذْنِبٌ
He (the narrator) said, ‘The man performed Wud’u and was accurate, then he prayed two Cycles (Salat) and made it good. When he was free from his Salat, he performed a Sajdah of thanks and went on to cry in his Sajdah and supplicating, and he said, ‘O Allah-azwj! I am Your-azwj servant, so of Your-azwj servant, and son of Your-azwj maid, a sinner, mistaken.
خَاطِئٌ ارْتَكَبْتُ فِي ذَنْبِي كَيْتَ وَ كَيْتَ وَ قَدْ أَتَيْتُ حُجَّتَكَ فِي أَرْضِكَ وَ خَلِيفَتَكَ فِي بِلَادِكَ وَ كَشَفْتُ لَهُ عَنْ ذَنْبِي فَعَرَّفَنِي أَنَّ تَمْحِيصَ ذَلِكَ فِي إِحْدَى ثَلَاثِ خِصَالٍ ضَرْباً بِالسَّيْفِ أَوْ هَدْمَ جِدَارٍ أَوْ حَرَقاً بِالنَّارِ اللَّهُمَّ وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَشَدِّهَا تَمْحِيصاً لِذَنْبِي فَعَرَّفَنِي أَنَّهُ الْحَرَقُ بِالنَّارِ
My mistake is I indulged in my such and such sin, and I have come to Your-azwj Divine Authority in Your-azwj earth, and Your-azwj caliph in Your-azwj country, and have revealed to him-asws about my sin. He introduced to me that the purification of that is in one of three ways – a strike with the sword, or demolishing a wall, or burning with the fire.
اللَّهُمَّ وَ إِنِّي قَدِ اخْتَرْتُهُ فَصَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَاجْعَلْهُ تَمْحِيصاً لِي فِي النَّارِ
O Allah-azwj, and I have chosen it, so send Salawaat upon Muhammad-asws and Progeny-asws of Muhammad, and Make in the fire to be a purification for me!’
قَالَ فَبَكَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَلْيَنْظُرْ إِلَى هَذَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws wept, then turned towards his-asws companions. He-asws said: ‘One who loves to look at a man from the people of Paradise, let him look at this one!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ قُمْ يَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ فَقَدْ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَكَ ذَنْبَكَ وَ دَرَأَ عَنْكَ الْحَدَّ
Then he-asws said to him: ‘Stand, O you man, for Allah-azwj has Forgiven your sin for you, and has Staved the legal penalty from you!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَحَدُّ اللَّهِ مِنْ جَنْبِهِ لَا تُقِيمُهُ
His-asws companions said to him-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! A legal penalty of Allah-azwj is from His-azwj Side, you-asws did not establish it!’
قَالَ الْحَدُّ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ هُوَ لِلْإِمَامِ فَإِنْ شَاءَ أَقَامَهُ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ وَهَبَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘The legal penalty which is upon him, it is for the Imam-asws. If he-asws so desires he-asws establishes it, and if he-asws so desires, he-asws gifts it (forgives)’’.[193]
باب 72 السحق و حده
CHAPTER 72 – THE LESBIANISM AND ITS LEGAL PENALTY
1- فس، تفسير القمي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: دَخَلَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مَعَ مَوْلَاةٍ لَهَا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَتْ مَا تَقُولُ فِي اللَّوَاتِي مَعَ اللَّوَاتِي
Tafseer Al Qummi – From his father, from Ibn Abu Umey, from Jameel,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A woman entered with a mistress of her to see Abu Abdullah-asws. She said, ‘What are you-asws saying regarding the lesbian with the lesbian?’
قَالَ هُنَّ فِي النَّارِ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ أُتِيَ بِهِنَّ فَأُلْبِسْنَ جِلْبَاباً مِنْ نَارٍ وَ خُفَّيْنِ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ قِنَاعاً مِنْ نَارٍ وَ أُدْخِلَ فِي أَجْوَافِهِنَّ وَ فُرُوجِهِنَّ أَعْمِدَةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ قُذِفَ بِهِنَّ فِي النَّارِ
He-asws said: ‘They are in the Fire. When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, they will come with them and be clothed with a garment of fire, and shoes of fire, and a mask of fire, and rods of fire will be inserted in their insides and their private parts, and they will be flung into the Fire’.
فَقَالَتْ لَيْسَ هَذَا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ
She said, ‘This isn’t in the Book of Allah-azwj!’
قَالَ بَلَى
He-asws said: ‘Yes (it is)!’
قَالَتْ أَيْنَ
She said, ‘Where?’
قَالَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى وَ عاداً وَ ثَمُودَ وَ أَصْحابَ الرَّسِ.
He-asws said: ‘Words of the Exalted: And Aad, and Samood, and the dwellers of the Al-Rass [25:38]’’.[194]
2- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: دَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ نِسْوَةٌ فَسَأَلَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ عَنِ السَّحْقِ فَقَالَ ع حَدُّهَا حَدُّ الزَّانِي
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘Some women entered to see him-asws. A woman asked him-asws about the lesbianism. He-asws said: ‘Its legal penalty is legal penalty of the adulterer’.
فَقَالَ مَا ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ذَلِكَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ
He (she) said, ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has not Mentioned that in the Quran!’
قَالَ بَلَى
He-asws said: ‘Yes (it is)!’
قَالَتْ وَ أَيْنَ هُوَ
She said, ‘And where is it?’
قَالَ هُوَ أَصْحَابُ الرَّسِ.
He-asws said: ‘It is dwellers of Al Rass (25:38)’’.[195]
3- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلَتْنِي امْرَأَةٌ أَنْ أَسْتَأْذِنَ لَهَا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَأَذِنَ لَهَا فَقَالَتْ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ اللَّوَاتِي مَعَ اللَّوَاتِي مَا حَدُّ مَا هُوَ فِيهِ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Is’haq Bin Jareer who said,
‘A woman asked me to seek permission for her to see Abu Abdullah-asws. I got permission for her. She said, ‘Inform me about the lesbian with the lesbian, what is the legal penalty of what is in it?’
قَالَ حَدُّ الزَّانِيَةِ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ يُؤْتَى بِهِنَّ قَدْ أُلْبِسْنَ مُقَطَّعَاتٍ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ قُنِّعْنَ بِمَقَانِعَ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ سُرْبِلْنَ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ أُدْخِلَ فِي أَجْوَافِهِنَّ إِلَى رُءُوسِهِنَّ أَعْمِدَةٌ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ قُذِفَ بِهِنَّ فِي النَّارِ
He-asws said: ‘Legal penalty of the adulteress. When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, they will come with them. They would have been clothes with pieces of fire, and veiled with veils of fire, and trouser of fire, and pillars of fire will be inserted in their inside up to their heads, and they will throw them into the Fire.
أَيَّتُهَا الْمَرْأَةُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ عَمِلَ هَذَا الْعَمَلَ قَوْمُ لُوطٍ فَاسْتَغْنَى الرِّجَالُ بِالرِّجَالِ وَ بَقِيَ النِّسَاءُ بِغَيْرِ رِجَالٍ فَفَعَلْنَ كَمَا فَعَلَ رِجَالُهُنَ.
O you woman! The first one to have done this deed were people of Lut-as. The men availed with the men, and the women remain without men, so they did just as their men had done’’.[196]
4- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام اعْلَمْ أَنَّ السَّحْقَ مِثْلُ اللِّوَاطِ إِذَا قَامَتْ عَلَى الْمَرْأَتَيْنِ الْبَيِّنَةُ بِالسَّحْقِ فَعَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا ضَرْبَةٌ بِالسَّيْفِ أَوْ دَهْدَهَةٌ أَوْ طَرْحُ جِدَارٍ وَ هُنَّ الراسات [الرَّسِّيَّاتُ] الَّتِي ذُكِرْنَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘Know that the lesbian act is like the homosexuality. When the proof is established upon the two women with the lesbian act, upon each one of them is a strike with the sword, or demolishing, or dropping a wall, and they are the dwellers of Al-Rass which Allah-azwj has Mentioned in the Quran.
وَ كَذَلِكَ إِذَا قَامَتِ الْبَيِّنَةُ فِي اللِّوَاطِ الْأَكْبَرِ وَ هُوَ الْإِيقَابُ وَ اللِّوَاطُ الْأَصْغَرُ فِيهِ الْحَدُّ مِائَةُ جَلْدَةٍ وَ حَدُّ الزَّانِي وَ الزَّانِيَةِ أَغْلَظُ مَا يَكُونُ مِنَ الْحَدِّ وَ أَشَدُّ مَا يَكُونُ مِنَ الضَّرْبِ
And like that, when the proof is established regarding the major homosexual act, and it is the penetration, and the minor homosexuality, the legal penalty regarding it one hundred lashes; and a legal penalty of the adulterer and the adulteress is as harsh as can be from the legal penalties, and as sever as can be from the strike (of the sword).
وَ قَالَ أَبِي فِي رَجُلٍ جَامَعَ جَارِيَتَهُ فَنَقَلَتْ مَاءَهُ إِلَى جَارِيَةٍ بِكْرٍ فَحَمَلَتِ الْجَارِيَةُ قَالَ الْوَلَدُ لِلْفَحْلِ وَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ الرَّجْمُ وَ عَلَى الْجَارِيَةِ الْحَدُّ.
And my-asws father-asws said regarding a man who had sex with his slave girl, and she transferred his water to a virgin slave girl, and the (virgin) slave girl became pregnant. He-asws said: ‘The child is for the stallion, and upon the woman (who had transferred the semen) is the stoning, and upon the (virgin) slave girl is the legal penalty (of whipping)’’.[197]
5- الدُّرُّ الْمَنْثُورُ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍ أَنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ سَأَلَتَاهُ هَلْ تَجِدُ غِشْيَانَ الْمَرْأَةِ الْمَرْأَةَ مُحَرَّماً فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ
(The book) ‘Al Durr Al Mansour’ –
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad Bin Ali-asws – two women has asked him-asws, ‘Do you find the woman sleeping with the woman as Prohibited in the Book of Allah-azwj?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ هُنَّ اللَّوَاتِي كُنَّ عَلَى عَهْدِ تُبَّعٍ وَ هُنَّ صَوَاحِبُ الرَّسِّ وَ كُلُّ نَهَرٍ وَ بِئْرٍ رَسٌّ
‘Yes. These lesbians existed in the era of Tubba, and these are dwellers of Al-Rass, and every river and well of Rass’.
قَالَ يُقْطَعُ لَهُنَّ جِلْبَابٌ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ دِرْعٌ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ نِطَاقٌ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ تَاجٌ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ خُفَّانِ مِنْ نَارٍ وَ مِنْ فَوْقِ ذَلِكَ ثَوْبٌ غَلِيظٌ جَافٍ جِلْفٌ مُنْتِنٌ مِنْ نَارٍ
He-asws robes of fire will be cut out for them, and an armour of fire, and belts of fire, and a crown of fire, and shoes of fire, and from above that, a stinking thick dry rough cloth of fire’.
قَالَ جَعْفَرٌ عَلِّمُوا هَذَا نِسَاءَكُمْ.
Ja’far-asws said: ‘Teach this to your womenfolk!’’[198]
باب 73 من أتى بهيمة
CHAPTER 73 – ONE WHO GOES TO AN ANIMAL (BESTIALITY)
1- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنِ ابْنِ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَلِيٌّ ع عَنْ رَاكِبِ الْبَهِيمَةِ فَقَالَ لَا رَجْمَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا حَدَّ وَ لَكِنْ يُعَاقَبُ عُقُوبَةً مُوجِعَةً.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Ibn Tareyf, from Ibn Ulwan,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws was asked about a rider (having sex) with the animal. He-asws said: ‘There is neither stoning upon him, nor legal penalty, but he will be punished a punishment of an agonizer (of an animal)’’.[199]
2- ل، الخصال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ يَرْفَعُهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَلْعُونٌ مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ كَمِهَ أَعْمَى مَلْعُونٌ مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ عَبَدَ الدِّينَارَ وَ الدِّرْهَمَ مَلْعُونٌ مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ نَكَحَ بَهِيمَةً.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashari, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Al Nowfaly, from Al-Husayn Bin Al Mukhtar, by his chain raising it, said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Accursed! Accursed is the one sleeve is blind! (misguides someone to Kufr). Accursed! Accursed is the one who worships the Dinar and the Dirham! Accursed! Accurses is the one who has sex with an animal!’’[200]
3- ل، الخصال فِيمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ص عَلِيّاً ع يَا عَلِيُّ كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ عَشَرَةٌ الْقَتَّاتُ وَ السَّاحِرُ وَ الدَّيُّوثُ وَ نَاكِحُ الْمَرْأَةِ حَرَاماً فِي دُبُرِهَا وَ نَاكِحُ الْبَهِيمَةِ وَ مَنْ نَكَحَ ذَاتَ مَحْرَمٍ مِنْهُ وَ السَّاعِي فِي الْفِتْنَةِ وَ بَائِعُ السِّلَاحِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ وَ مَانِعُ الزَّكَاةِ وَ مَنْ وَجَدَ سَعَةً فَمَاتَ وَ لَمْ يَحُجَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ –
‘Among what the Prophet-saww had advised to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Ten from this community have committed Kufr with Allah-azwj the Magnificent – the gossiper; and the sorcerer; and the cuckold; and one having sex with the woman prohibitively in her backside; and having sex with the animal; one having sex with sanctimony from him (incest); and the striver in the Fitna; and the seller of weapons to people of war; and the preventer of Zakat; and one who had found (financial) capacity, so he died and did not perform Hajj’’.[201]
4- ع، علل الشرائع عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي رَجُلٍ يَأْتِي الْبَهِيمَةَ قَالَ يُجْلَدُ دُونَ الْحَدِّ وَ يُغْرَمُ قِيمَةَ الْبَهِيمَةِ لِصَاحِبِهَا لِأَنَّهُ أَفْسَدَهَا عَلَيْهِ وَ تُذْبَحُ وَ تُحْرَقُ وَ تُدْفَنُ إِنْ كَانَتْ مِمَّا يُؤْكَلُ لَحْمُهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مِمَّا يُرْكَبُ ظَهْرُهُ أُغْرِمَ قِيمَتَهَا وَ جُلِدَ دُونَ الْحَدِّ وَ أَخْرَجَهَا مِنَ الْبَلَدِ الَّذِي فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ بِهَا حَيْثُ لَا تُعْرَفُ فَيَبِيعُهَا فِيهَا كَيْ لَا يُعَيَّرَ بِهَا.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Ibn Al Mutawakkil, from Al Himeyri, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Is’haq Bin Jareer, from Sadeyr,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding a man who had gone to the animal (for sex). He-asws said: ‘He will be flogged below the legal penalty and fined the price of the animal to its owner, because he had spoilt it upon him, and it will be slaughtered and burned, and buried, if it were to be from what its meat can be eaten, and if it was from what its back is ridden, he will be fined its price and flogged below the legal limit, and it will be taken out from the city in which that had been done with it where it is not known. It will be sold in it so that it cannot be faulted with it’’.[202]
5- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام مَنْ أَتَى بَهِيمَةً عُزِّرَ وَ التَّعْزِيرُ مَا بَيْنَ بِضْعَةَ عَشَرَ سَوْطاً إِلَى تِسْعَةٍ وَ ثَلَاثِينَ وَ التَّأْدِيبُ مَا بَيْنَ ثَلَاثَةٍ إِلَى عَشَرَةٍ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘One who goes to an animal (for sex), will be reprimanded, and censure what is between some ten lashes to thirty-nine, and the disciplining is what is between three to ten’’.[203]
باب 74 حد النباش
CHAPTER 74 – LEGAL PENALTY OF THE GRAVE ROBBER
1- ختص، الإختصاص عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: حَضَرَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى مَجْلِسَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع فَسَأَلَ رَجُلٌ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مُوسَى مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ أَتَى بَهِيمَةً
(The book) ‘Al Ikhtisas’ – from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father who said,
‘Abdullah Bin Musa attended a gathering of Abu Ja’far-asws the 2nd. A man asked Abdullah Bin Musa, ‘What are you saying regarding a man who goes to an animal (to have sex)?’
فَقَالَ تُقْطَعُ يَمِينُهُ وَ يُضْرَبُ الْحَدَّ
He said, ‘His right hand would be cut and he would be struck the legal penalty’.
فَغَضِبَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا عَمِّ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ
Abu Ja’far-asws got angry, then he-asws looked at him. He-asws said: ‘O uncle, fear Allah-azwj!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَمُّهُ يَا سَيِّدِي أَ لَيْسَ هَذَا قَالَ أَبُوكَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ
His-asws uncle said to him-asws, ‘O my Master-asws! Isn’t this what your-asws father-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, said?’
فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع إِنَّمَا سُئِلَ أَبِي عَنْ رَجُلٍ نَبَشَ قَبْرَ امْرَأَةٍ فَنَكَحَهَا فَقَالَ أَبِي تُقْطَعُ يَمِينُهُ لِلنَّبْشِ وَ يُضْرَبُ حَدَّ الزِّنَا فَإِنَّ حُرْمَةَ الْمَيِّتَةِ كَحُرْمَةِ الْحَيَّةِ
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘But rather my-asws father-as had been asked about a man who had exhumed a grave of a woman and was immoral with her, so my-asws father-asws said: ‘His right hand would be cut due to the exhuming, and he will be struck the legal penalty of the adultery, for sanctity of the dead body is like sanctity of the living’.
فَقَالَ صَدَقْتَ يَا سَيِّدِي.
He said, ‘You-asws speak the truth, O my Master-asws!’’[204]
باب 75 حد المماليك و أنه يجوز للمولى إقامة الحد على مملوكه
CHAPTER 75 – LEGAL PENALTY OF THE SLAVES, AND IT IS ALLOWED FOR THE MASTER TO ESTABLISH THE LEGAL PENALTY UPON HIS SLAVE
1- فس، تفسير القمي فَإِذا أُحْصِنَّ فَإِنْ أَتَيْنَ بِفاحِشَةٍ فَعَلَيْهِنَّ نِصْفُ ما عَلَى الْمُحْصَناتِ مِنَ الْعَذابِ يَعْنِي بِهِ الْعَبِيدَ وَ الْإِمَاءَ إِذَا زَنَيَا ضُرِبَا نِصْفَ الْحَدِّ وَ إِنْ عَادَا فَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ عَادَا فَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يَفْعَلُوا ذَلِكَ ثَمَانِي مَرَّاتٍ فَفِي الثَّامِنَةِ يُقْتَلُونَ.
Tafseer Al Qummi – (opinion)
قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع وَ إِنَّمَا صَارَ يُقْتَلُ فِي الثَّامِنَةِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ رَحِمَهُ أَنْ يَجْمَعَ عَلَيْهِ رِبْقَ الرِّقِّ وَ حَدَّ الْحُرِّ.
Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘And rather, the killing has come to be during the eight time, because Allah-azwj has Mercied him to Gather upon him bondage of the slavery and legal penalty of the free one’’.[205]
2- ع، علل الشرائع عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الْمِصْرِيِّ عَنْ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ أَوْ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ الشَّكُّ مِنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَبْدٌ زَنَى
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Hashim, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman Al Misry, from Marwan Bin Muslim, from Ubeyd Bin Zurara, or from Bureyd Al Ijaly (the doubt is from Muhammad Bin Suleyman), who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘A slave commits adultery’.
قَالَ يُضْرَبُ نِصْفَ الْحَدِّ
He-asws said: ‘He will be struck half the legal penalty’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ عَادَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Supposing he repeats?’
قَالَ لَا يُزَادُ عَلَى نِصْفِ الْحَدِّ
He-asws said: ‘He will not be increased upon half the legal penalty’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ فَهَلْ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهِ الرَّجْمُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ فِعْلِهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Is the stoning allowed upon him regarding anything from his deeds?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ يُقْتَلُ فِي الثَّامِنَةِ إِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثَمَانَ مَرَّاتٍ
He-asws said: ‘Yes. He will be killed during the eight, if he does that eight times’.
قُلْتُ فَمَا الْفَرْقُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الْحُرِّ وَ إِنَّمَا فِعْلُهُمَا وَاحِدٌ
I said, ‘So what is the difference between him and the free one, and rather both their deeds are one (and the same)?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى رَحِمَهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ عَلَيْهِ رِبْقَ الرِّقِّ وَ حَدَّ الْحُرِّ
He-asws said: ‘Because Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted has Mercied him from Making upon him the bondage of the slavery and legal penalty of the free one’’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ عَلَى إِمَامِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ ثَمَنَهُ إِلَى مَوْلَاهُ مِنْ سَهْمِ الرِّقَابِ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then he-asws said: ‘And upon an Imam-asws of the Muslims is that he should hand over his price to his master from share of the slaves’’.[206]
3- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ عَنْبَسَةَ بْنِ مُصْعَبٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَانَتْ لِي جَارِيَةٌ فَزَنَتْ أَحُدُّهَا
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Anbasa Bin Musab who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘There was a slave girl for me. She committed adultery. Can I apply the legal penalty on her?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَكِنْ فِي سَتْرٍ لِحَالِ السُّلْطَانِ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes, but in concealment due to the situation of the ruler’’.[207]
4- سن، المحاسن عَنْ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يُجْلَدُ الْمُكَاتَبُ إِذَا زَنَى قَدْرَ مَا عَتَقَ مِنْهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Usman, from Sama’at,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The contracted slave, when he commits adultery, will be whipped in accordance to what has been liberated from him’’.[208]
5- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام إِذَا زَنَى الْعَبْدُ أَوِ الْجَارِيَةُ جُلِدَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا خَمْسِينَ جَلْدَةً محصنا [مُحْصَنَيْنِ] كَانَا أَوْ غَيْرَ مُحْصَنَيْنِ وَ إِنْ عَادَا جُلِدَا خَمْسِينَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا إِلَى أَنْ يَزْنِيَا ثَمَانَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ يُقْتَلَانِ فِي الثَّامِنَةِ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘When the slave of the slave girls commit adultery, each one of them would be whipped fifty lashes, whether they were married or celibate; and if there were to repeat, they would be whipped fifty, each one of them, until they commit adultery eight times, then they would both be killed during/after the eighth’’.[209]
6- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام إِذَا زَنَى الْمَمْلُوكُ جُلِدَ نِصْفَ الْحَدِّ وَ إِنْ قَذَفَ الْحُرَّ جُلِدَ ثَمَانِينَ فَإِذَا سَرَقَ فَعَلَى مَوْلَاهُ إِمَّا أَنْ يُسَلِّمَهُ لِلْحَدِّ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ يَغْرَمَ عَمَّا قَامَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘When the slave commits adultery, he will be whipped half the legal penalty, and if he slanders the free one, he will be whipped eighty lashes. When he steals, it is upon his master, either he submits him for the legal penalty, or he pays the fine from what legal penalty were to be established upon him.
فَإِنْ أَقَرَّ الْعَبْدُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بِالسَّرَقِ لَمْ يُقْطَعْ وَ لَمْ يَغْرَمْ مَوْلَاهُ لِأَنَّهُ أَقَرَّ فِي مَالِ غَيْرِهِ فَإِذَا شَرِبَ الْخَمْرَ جُلِدَ ثَمَانِينَ وَ إِنْ لَاطَ حُكِمَ فِيهِ بِحُكْمِ الْحَدِّ.
It the slave were to acknowledge upon himself with the theft, he will not be cut, and his master will not be fined, because he has acknowledged regarding wealth of someone else. When he drinks the wine, he will be whipped eighty, and if he were to commit sodomy, the ruling regarding him is ruling of the legal penalty’’.[210]
7- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِي الْإِمَاءِ فَإِذا أُحْصِنَ قَالَ إِحْصَانُهُنَّ أَنْ يُدْخَلَ بِهِنَّ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted regarding the slave girls So when they are married [4:25]. He-asws said: ‘Their being (classified as) ‘married’ is if they have been entered with’.
قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُدْخَلْ بِهِنَّ فَأَحْدَثْنَ حَدَثاً هَلْ عَلَيْهِنَّ حَدٌّ
I said, ‘Supposing they have not been entered with, so they commit an event (adultery), is there legal penalty upon them?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ نِصْفُ الْحُرِّ فَإِنْ زَنَتْ وَ هِيَ مُحْصَنَةٌ فَالرَّجْمُ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes, half of the free one. If she has committed adultery and she is ‘married’, then the stoning’’.[211]
8- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ مِنَ الْإِمَاءِ قَالَ هُنَّ الْمُسْلِمَاتُ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the married women from the slave girls. He-asws said: ‘They are the Muslim women’’.[212]
9- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ فِي الْإِمَاءِ فَإِذا أُحْصِنَ مَا إِحْصَانُهُنَّ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws), he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws regarding the slave girls, So when they are married [4:25], ‘What is their being married?’
قَالَ يُدْخَلُ بِهِنَّ
He-asws said: ‘Having been entered with’.
قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُدْخَلْ بِهِنَّ مَا عَلَيْهِنَّ حَدٌّ
I said, ‘Supposing they have not been entered with, there is no legal penalty upon them?’
قَالَ بَلَى.
He-asws said: ‘Yes’’.[213]
10- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حَرِيزٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ ع عَنِ الْمُحْصَنِ فَقَالَ الَّذِي عِنْدَهُ مَا يُغْنِيهِ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Hareyz who said,
‘I asked him-asws about the married man. He-asws said: ‘The one who has with him what makes him needless (of committing adultery)’’.[214]
11- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ فَإِذا أُحْصِنَّ فَإِنْ أَتَيْنَ بِفاحِشَةٍ فَعَلَيْهِنَّ نِصْفُ ما عَلَى الْمُحْصَناتِ مِنَ الْعَذابِ قَالَ يَعْنِي نِكَاحَهُنَّ إِذَا أَتَيْنَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Al Qasim Bin Suleyman who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about Words of Allah-azwj: ‘So when they are married and then come with an immorality, upon them would be half of the punishment of what is upon the married women. [4:25]. He-asws said: ‘It means marrying them when they come with an immorality’’.[215]
12- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب فِي نَهْجِ الْبَلَاغَةِ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلَانِ سَرَقَا فِي مَالِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى أَحَدُهُمَا عَبْدٌ مِنْ مَالِ اللَّهِ وَ الْآخَرُ مِنْ عُرْضِ النَّاسِ
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – In Nahj Al Balagah –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws, two men were handed to him who had stolen from the wealth of Allah-azwj. One of them was a slave from the wealth of Allah-azwj, and the other was from the common people.
فَقَالَ ع أَمَّا هَذَا فَهُوَ مِنْ مَالِ اللَّهِ وَ لَا حَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مَالُ اللَّهِ أَكَلَ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضاً وَ أَمَّا الْآخَرُ فَعَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ الشَّدِيدُ فَقَطَعَ يَدَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘As for this one, he is from the wealth of Allah-azwj, so there is no legal penalty upon him. The wealth of Allah-azwj, part of it has eaten part of it; and as for the other, upon him is the severe legal penalty’. So, he-asws cut his hand’’.[216]
13- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي الْمُكَاتَبِ قَالَ يُجْلَدُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَدَّى مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ حَدَّ الْحُرِّ وَ مَا بَقِيَ حَدَّ الْمَمْلُوكِ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the contracted slave. He-asws said: ‘He will be whipped in accordance to what he had fulfilled from his contract, legal penalty of the free, and whatever remains, legal penalty of the slave’’.[217]
14- كش، رجال الكشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْعَمْرَكِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ شَيْبَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ قَالَ سَأَلَنِي أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ عَنْ مُكَاتَبٍ كَانَتْ مُكَاتَبَتُهُ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَأَدَّى تِسْعَمِائَةٍ وَ تِسْعَةً وَ تِسْعِينَ دِرْهَماً ثُمَّ أَحْدَثَ يَعْنِي الزِّنَا فَكَيْفَ تَحُدُّهُ
(The book) ‘Rijal’ of Al Kashy – from Muhammad Bin Masoud, from Ja’far Bin Ahmad, from Al Amraky, from Ahmad Bin Shayba, from Yahya Bin Al Musanna, from Ali Bin Al-Husayn Bin Rabat, from Hareez who said,
‘Abu Haneefa asked me about a contracted slave whose contract was for a thousand Dirhams. He had paid off nine hundred and ninety-nine Dirhams, then he did it, meaning the adultery, so how would you apply legal penalty on him?’
فَقُلْتُ عِنْدِي بِعَيْنِهَا حَدِيثٌ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَانَ يَضْرِبُ بِالسَّوْطِ وَ بِثُلُثِهِ وَ بِنِصْفِهِ وَ بِبَعْضِهِ بِقَدْرِ أَدَائِهِ.
I said, ‘With me is an exact Hadeeth. Muhammad Bin Muslim narrated to be from Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘Ali-asws had struck with the whip, and with its two-third, and with its half, and with part of it in accordance his fulfilment’’.[218]
باب 76 حد الوطء في الحيض
CHAPTER 76 – LEGAL PENALTY OF HAVING SEX DURING THE MENSTRUATION
1- فس، تفسير القمي قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع مَنْ أَتَى امْرَأَةً فِي الْفَرْجِ فِي أَوَّلِ حَيْضِهَا فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِدِينَارٍ وَ عَلَيْهِ رُبُعُ حَدِّ الزِّنَا خَمْسٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ جَلْدَةً وَ إِنْ أَتَاهَا فِي آخِرِ أَيَّامِ حَيْضِهَا فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِنِصْفِ دِينَارٍ وَ يُضْرَبُ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ جَلْدَةً وَ نِصْفاً.
Tafseer Al Qummi –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘One who goes to a woman in the front part during the beginning of her menstruation, upon him is that he should give in charity with a Dinar, and upon him is quarter of the legal penalty of the adultery, twenty-five lashes; and if he had gone to her during the end of her menstruation, upon him is that he should give in charity with half a Dinar, and he will be struck twelve lashes and a half’’.[219]
باب 77 حكم الصبي و المجنون و المريض في الزنا
CHAPTER 77 – RULING OF THE YOUNG BOY, AND THE INSANE, AND THE SICK, REGARDING THE ADULTERY
1- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَقَعَ عَلَى صَبِيَّةٍ مَا عَلَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ –
‘From Ali, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), said, ‘I asked him-asws about a man falling upon a young girl, what is upon him?’
قَالَ الْحَدُّ
He-asws said: ‘The legal penalty’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَبِيٍّ وَقَعَ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ قَالَ تُجْلَدُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الصَّبِيِّ شَيْءٌ.
And I asked him-asws about the young boy falling upon a woman. He-asws said: ‘The woman will be whipped, and there isn’t anything upon the young boy’’.[220]
وَ قَالَ ع إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أُتِيَ بِامْرَأَةٍ مَرِيضَةٍ وَ رَجُلٍ أَجْرَبَ مَرِيضٍ قَدْ بَدَتْ عُرُوقُ فَخِذَيْهِ وَ قَدْ فَجَرَ بِامْرَأَةٍ فَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَطْعِمْنِي وَ اسْقِنِي فَقَدْ جُهِدْتُ فَقَالَ لَا حَتَّى أَفْعَلَ بِكِ فَفَعَلَ
And he-asws said: ‘They came to Rasool-Allah-saww with a sick woman and a scabietic sick man whose veins of his things were apparent, and he had been immoral with a woman. The woman said to Rasool-Allah-saww, ‘I had gone to him, and said to him, feed me and quench me for I am exhausted’. He said, ‘No, until I do (be immoral) with you’. He did so’.
فَجَلَدَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِغَيْرِ بَيِّنَةٍ مِائَةَ شُمْرُوخٍ ضَرْبَةً وَاحِدَةً وَ خَلَّى سَبِيلَهُ وَ لَمْ يَضْرِبِ الْمَرْأَةَ.
Rasool-Allah-saww had him whipped without any proof, one strike with one hundred twigs and freed his way, and did not beat the woman’’.[221]
2- ل، الخصال عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي ظَبْيَانَ قَالَ: أُتِيَ عُمَرُ بِامْرَأَةٍ مَجْنُونَةٍ قَدْ فَجَرَتْ فَأَمَرَ عُمَرُ بِرَجْمِهَا فَمَرُّوا بِهَا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَقَالَ مَا هَذِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Sakuni, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Hazramy, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Muawiya, from his father, from Al Amsh, from Abu Zabyan who said,
‘They came to Umar with a woman who had been immoral with. Umar ordered with stoning her. They passed with her by Ali-asws. He-asws said: ‘What is this (going on)?’
فَقَالَ مَجْنُونَةٌ قَدْ فَجَرَتْ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا عُمَرُ أَنْ تُرْجَمَ
They said, ‘An insane woman who has been immoral with, so Umar has ordered her to be stoned’.
فَقَالَ لَا تَعْجَلُوا فَأَتَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الْقَلَمَ رُفِعَ عَنْ ثَلَاثَةٍ عَنِ الصَّبِيِّ حَتَّى يَحْتَلِمَ وَ عَنِ الْمَجْنُونِ حَتَّى يُفِيقَ وَ عَنِ النَّائِمِ حَتَّى يَسْتَيْقِظَ.
He-asws said: ‘Do not be hasty!’ He-asws went to Umar. He-asws said: ‘Don’t you know that the pen is raised from three – from the young boy until he bed-wets, and from the insane until he wakes up (from his insanity), and from the sleeping one until he wakes up?’’[222]
قَالَ الصَّدُوقُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ جَاءَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ هَكَذَا وَ الْأَصْلُ فِي قَوْلِ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ ع إِنَّ الْمَجْنُونَ إِذَا زَنَى حُدَّ وَ الْمَجْنُونَةُ إِذَا زَنَتْ لَمْ تُحَدَّ لِأَنَّ الْمَجْنُونَ يَأْتِي وَ الْمَجْنُونَةَ تُؤْتَى.
Al-Sadouq, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him, said, ‘This Hadeeth is like this, and the original in words of the People-asws of the Household: ‘When the insane man commits adultery he will be penalised, while when the insane woman commits adultery she will not be penalised, because the insane man goes while the insane woman is come to’’.[223]
3- سن، المحاسن عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَزَّازِ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع كَانَ يَضْرِبُ بِالسَّوْطِ وَ بِنِصْفِ السَّوْطِ وَ بِبَعْضِهِ فِي الْحُدُودِ وَ كَانَ إِذَا أُتِيَ بِغُلَامٍ أَوْ جَارِيَةٍ لَمْ يُدْرِكَا كَانَ يَأْخُذُ السَّوْطَ بِيَدِهِ مِنْ وَسَطِهِ أَوْ مِنْ ثُلُثِهِ فَيَضْرِبُ بِهِ عَلَى قَدْرِ أَسْنَانِهِمْ وَ لَا يُبْطِلُ حَدّاً مِنْ حُدُودِ اللَّهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Ayoub Al Khazzaz, from Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘In the book of Ali-asws, he-as used to beat with the whip, and half the whip, and part of it, in applying the legal penalty; and when he-asws was brought a slave or a slave girl who were not adults, he-asws would take the ship in his-asws hand from its middle, or from its third, and he-asws would beat with it in accordance to their teeth, and he‑asws would not invalidate any legal penalty from legal penalties of Allah-azwj’’.[224]
4- سن، المحاسن عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: فِي نِصْفِ الْجَلْدَةِ وَ ثُلُثِ الْجَلْدَةِ قَالَ يَأْخُذُ بِنِصْفِ السَّوْطِ وَ بِثُلُثَيِ السَّوْطِ ثُمَّ يَضْرِبُ بِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said regarding half the flogging, and a third of the flogging, he‑asws said: ‘He would grab middle of the whip, or with two-thirds of the whip, then he would beat with it’’.[225]
5- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام لَا حَدَّ عَلَى الْمَجْنُونِ حَتَّى يُفِيقَ وَ لَا عَلَى صَبِيٍّ حَتَّى يُدْرِكَ وَ لَا عَلَى النَّائِمِ حَتَّى يَسْتَيْقِظَ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws: ‘There is neither any legal penalty upon the insane until he wakes up (from his insanity), nor upon the young boy until he matures, nor upon the sleeping one until he wakes up’’.[226]
6- شا، الإرشاد رُوِيَ أَنَّ مَجْنُونَةً عَلَى عَهْدِ عُمَرَ فَجَرَ بِهَا رَجُلٌ فَقَامَتِ الْبَيِّنَةُ عَلَيْهَا بِذَلِكَ فَأَمَرَ عُمَرُ بِجَلْدِهَا الْحَدَّ
(The book) ‘Al Irshad’ –
‘It is reported, ‘There was an insane woman in the era of Umar, a man had been immoral with her. The proof was established upon her with that, so Umar ordered with whipping her the legal penalty.
فَمَرَّ بِهَا عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِتُجْلَدَ فَقَالَ مَا بَالُ مَجْنُونَةِ آلِ فُلَانٍ تُعْتَلُ
The passed with her by Amir Al-Momineen-asws to be whipped. He-asws said: ‘What is the matter an insane woman of so and so family is being killed?’
فَقِيلَ إِنَّ رَجُلًا فَجَرَ بِهَا وَ هَرَبَ وَ قَامَتِ الْبَيِّنَةُ عَلَيْهَا فَأَمَرَ عُمَرُ بِجَلْدِهَا
It was said, ‘A man had been immoral with her and fled, and the proof was established upon her, so Umar has ordered with whipping her’.
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رُدُّوهَا إِلَيْهِ وَ قُولُوا لَهُ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ بِأَنَّ هَذِهِ مَجْنُونَةُ آلِ فُلَانٍ وَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَدْ رَفَعَ الْقَلَمَ عَنِ الْمَجْنُونِ حَتَّى يُفِيقَ إِنَّهَا مَغْلُوبَةٌ عَلَى عَقْلِهَا وَ نَفْسِهَا
He-asws said to them: ‘Return her to him and say to him, ‘Don’t you know that this insane woman is from so and so family, and that the Prophet-saww has raised the pen from the insane until they waked up (cured)? She is overcome upon her intellect and her self’.
فَرُدَّتْ إِلَى عُمَرَ وَ قِيلَ لَهُ مَا قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ فَرَّجَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ لَقَدْ كِدْتُ أَنْ أَهْلِكَ فِي جَلْدِهَا وَ دَرَأَ عَنْهَا الْحَدَّ.
She was returned to Umar and it was said to him what Amir Al-Momineen-asws had said. He said, ‘May Allah-azwj Relieve him-asws! I was almost destroyed in whipping her’, and he saved the legal penalty away from her’’.[227]
7- ختص، الإختصاص عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ مُؤْمِنُ الطَّاقِ لِأَبِي حَنِيفَةَ فِي كَلَامٍ طَوِيلٍ جَرَى بَيْنَهُمَا إِنَّ عُمَرَ كَانَ لَا يَعْرِفُ أَحْكَامَ الدِّينِ فَإِنَّهُ أُتِيَ بِامْرَأَةٍ حُبْلَى شَهِدُوا عَلَيْهَا بِالْفَاحِشَةِ فَأَمَرَ بِرَجْمِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع إِنْ كَانَ لَكَ السَّبِيلُ عَلَيْهَا فَمَا سَبِيلُكَ عَلَى مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا فَقَالَ لَوْ لَا عَلِيٌّ لَهَلَكَ عُمَرُ
(The book) ‘Al Ikhtisaas’ – from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr who said,
‘Momin Al-Taaq said to Abu Haneefa in a lengthy speech which had flowed between them, ‘Umar did not know the rulings of religion. He was brought a pregnant woman. They testified upon her with the immorality, so he ordered with stoning her. Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to him: ‘If that were the case, there would be the way for you upon her, so what is your way upon what is in her belly?’ So, he said, ‘Had it not been for Ali-asws, Umar would have been destroyed!’
وَ أُتِيَ بِمَجْنُونَةٍ قَدْ زَنَتْ فَأَمَرَ بِرَجْمِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ ع أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الْقَلَمَ قَدْ رُفِعَ عَنْهَا حَتَّى تَصِحَّ فَقَالَ لَوْ لَا عَلِيٌّ لَهَلَكَ عُمَرُ.
And they brought an insane woman who had committed adultery, so he ordered with stoning her. He-asws said to him: ‘Don’t you know that the pen has been raised from her until she is healthy?’ So, he said, ‘Had it not been for Ali-asws, Umar would have been destroyed!’’[228]
باب 78 الزنا باليهودية و النصرانية و المجوسية و الأمة و وطء الجارية المشتركة
CHAPTER 78 – THE ADULTERY WITH THE JEWESS, AND THE CHRISITIAN WOMAN, AND THE MAGIAN WOMAN, AND THE SLAVE GIRL, AND HAVING SEX WITH THE SLAVE GIRL OWNED PARTLY
1- لي، الأمالي للصدوق فِي مَنَاهِي النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَلَا وَ مَنْ زَنَى بِامْرَأَةٍ مُسْلِمَةٍ أَوْ يَهُودِيَّةٍ أَوْ مَجُوسِيَّةٍ حُرَّةٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَتُبْ وَ مَاتَ مُصِرّاً عَلَيْهِ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ ثَلَاثَ مِائَةِ بَابٍ تَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ حَيَّاتٌ وَ عَقَارِبُ وَ ثُعْبَانُ النَّارِ فَهُوَ يَحْتَرِقُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq –
‘Among prohibitions by the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Indeed, and the one who commits adultery with a woman, Muslim, or Jew, or Magian, be she free or slave, then he does not repent and dies being persistent upon it, Allah-azwj will Open three hundred doors for him in his grave. There shall emerged from it, snakes, and scorpions, and serpents of fire, so he will be burning up to the Day of Qiyamah.
فَإِذَا بُعِثَ مِنْ قَبْرِهِ تَأَذَّى النَّاسُ مِنْ نَتْنِ رِيحِهِ فَيُعْرَفُ بِذَلِكَ وَ بِمَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُ فِي دَارِ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يُؤْمَرَ بِهِ إِلَى النَّارِ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ الْحَرَامَ وَ حَدَّ الْحُدُودَ وَ مَا أَحَدٌ أَغْيَرَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ غَيْرَتِهِ حَرَّمَ الْفَوَاحِشَ.
When he is Resurrected from his grave, the people will be hurt from the stench of his smell, and he would be recognised with that and with what he had done in house of the world, until he is Commanded with to the Fire. Surely, Allah-azwj has Prohibited the Prohibited, and He-azwj has Specified the legal penalties, and there is no one with more self-esteem than Allah-azwj is, and from His-azwj self-esteem is to Prohibit the immoralities’’.[229]
2- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَقْوَامٌ اشْتَرَكُوا فِي جَارِيَةٍ وَ ائْتَمَنُوا بَعْضَهُمْ وَ جَعَلُوا الْجَارِيَةَ عِنْدَهُ فَوَطِئَهَا
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Ali, from his father, from Salih Bin Saeed, from Yunus, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘A group associated in a slave girl and they entrust to one of them and make the slave girl to be with him. He sleeps with her’.
قَالَ يُجْلَدُ الْحَدَّ [وَ يُدْرَأُ عَنْهُ مِنَ الْحَدِّ] بِقَدْرِ مَا لَهُ فِيهَا وَ تُقَوَّمُ الْجَارِيَةُ وَ يُغَرَّمُ ثَمَنَهَا لِلشُّرَكَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘He will be whipped the legal penalty, and from the legal penalty it will be staved from him in accordance to what was for him regarding her, and the slave girl will be evaluated and the fine of her price would be for the partners.
فَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْقِيمَةُ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي وَطِئَ أَقَلَّ مِمَّا اشْتُرِيَتْ فَإِنَّهُ يُلْزَمُ أَكْثَرَ الثَّمَنَيْنِ لِأَنَّهُ قَدْ أَفْسَدَ عَلَى شُرَكَائِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْقِيمَةُ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي وَطِئَ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا اشْتُرِيَتْ بِهِ أُلْزِمَ الْأَكْثَرَ لِاسْتِفْسَادِهَا.
If the value during the day in which he had sex with her, were to be less than what she had been bought for, he would be necessitated the higher price because he has spoilt upon his partners, and if the value during the day in which he had sex with her, were to be more than what she had been bought with, the higher price would still be necessitated due to his having corrupted her’’.[230]
3- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنِ الْبَزَّارِ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع أُتِيَ بِرَجُلٍ وَقَعَ عَلَى جَارِيَةِ امْرَأَتِهِ فَحَمَلَتْ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ وَهَبَتْهَا لِي فَأَنْكَرَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Al Bazzaz, from Abu Al Bakhtari,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Ali-asws was brought a man who had slept with his slave girl She became pregnant. The man said, ‘She gifted herself to me’. The woman denied.
فَقَالَ ع لَتَأْتِيَنِّي بِالشُّهُودِ أَوْ لَأَرْجُمَنَّكَ بِالْحِجَارَةِ
He-asws said (to the man): ‘Either you come to me with the witnesses or I-asws will have you stoned!’
فَلَمَّا رَأَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ ذَلِكَ اعْتَرَفَتْ فَجَلَدَهَا عَلِيٌّ الْحَدَّ.
When the woman saw that, she acknowledged, so Ali-asws whipped her the legal penalty’’.[231]
4- كِتَابُ الْغَارَاتِ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ فِي حَدِيثٍ بَعَثَ عَلِيٌّ ع مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَمِيراً عَلَى مِصْرَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ فَجَرَ بِامْرَأَةٍ نَصْرَانِيَّةٍ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عَلِيٌّ أَنْ أَقِمِ الْحَدَّ فِيهِمْ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ الَّذِي فَجَرَ بِالنَّصْرَانِيَّةِ وَ ادْفَعِ النَّصْرَانِيَّةَ إِلَى النَّصَارَى يَقْضُونَ فِيهَا مَا شَاءُوا.
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Garaat’ – from Al Haris, from his father, who said in a Hadeeth,
‘Ali-asws dispatched Muhammad Bin Abu Bakr as a governor upon Egypt. He wrote to Ali-asws asking him-asws about a Muslim man who had been immoral with a Christian woman. Ali-asws wrote to him: ‘Establish the legal penalty among them upon the Muslim who had been immoral with the Christian woman, and hand over the Christian woman to the Christian. They can judge regarding her whatever they so desire to’’.[232]
باب 79 من وجد مع امرأة في بيت أو في لحاف
CHAPTER 79 – ONE WHO FINDS (A MAN) WITH A WOMAN IN A ROOM, OR IN A QUILT
1- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ مُوسَى الْبَجَلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ ضَرَبَ رَجُلًا وُجِدَ مَعَ امْرَأَةٍ فِي بَيْتٍ وَاحِدٍ مِائَةً إِلَّا سَوْطاً أَوْ سَوْطَيْنِ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Musa Al Bajaly,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, struck a man found with a woman in one room, one hundred less one lash or two lashes’.
قُلْتُ بِلَا بَيِّنَةٍ
I said, ‘Without proof?’
قَالَ أَ لَا تَرَى أَنَّهُ قَالَ ادْرَءُوا لَوْ كَانَتِ الْبَيِّنَةُ لَأُتِمُّهُ.
He-asws said: ‘Don’t you sees that he-asws had said: ‘Stop (reduce)! If there was proof, I-asws could have completed it’?’’[233]
2- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَائِذٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَيْسَ لِامْرَأَتَيْنِ أَنْ يبيتا [تَبِيتَا] فِي فِرَاشٍ وَاحِدٍ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنَهُمَا حَاجِزٌ فَإِنْ فَعَلَتَا نُهِيَتَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنْ وُجِدَتَا بَعْدَ النَّهْيِ جُلِدَتَا كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا حَدّاً حَدّاً فَإِنْ وُجِدَتَا أَيْضاً فِي لِحَافٍ جُلِدَتَا فَإِنْ وُجِدَتَا الثَّالِثَةَ قُتِلَتَا.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Washa, from Ahmad Bin Aaiz, from Abu Khadeeja,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘It isn’t for two women to spend a night in one bed, except if there happens to be a barrier between the two. If they were to do so, they would be forbidden from that, and if they were to be found as such after the prohibition, each one of them would be whipped a legal penalty. If there were found as well in a quilt, they would both be whipped. If they were to be found the third time, they would be killed’’.[234]
3- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام إِذَا وُجِدَ رَجُلَانِ عُرْيَانَانِ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ هُمَا مُتَّهَمَانِ فَعَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا مِائَةُ جَلْدَةٍ وَ كَذَلِكَ امْرَأَتَانِ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ رَجُلٌ وَ امْرَأَةٌ فِي ثَوْبٍ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him: ‘When two men are found naked in one cloth (quilt), and they both accuse each other, upon each one of them is one hundred lashes; and like that for two women found in one cloth (quilt), and a man and a woman found in one cloth (quilt)’’.[235]
4- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع فِي رَجُلَيْنِ وُجِدَا فِي لِحَافٍ يُحَدَّانِ حَدّاً غَيْرَ سَوْطٍ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْمَرْأَتَانِ وَ إِذَا وُجِدَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ مَعَ الرَّجُلِ لَيْلًا فَإِنَّهُ لَا رَجْمَ بَيْنَهُمَا.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws had judged regarding two men found in one quilt, they would both be penalised a legal penalty other than flogging, and like that are two women; and when the woman is found with the man at night, there is no stoning between the two’’.[236]
باب 80 الاستمناء ببعض الجسد
CHAPTER 80 – THE MASTURBATING WITH PART OF THE BODY
1- ل، الخصال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الطَّيَالِسِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ ثَلَاثَةٌ لا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ وَ لا يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِمْ … وَ لا يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ أَلِيمٌ النَّاتِفُ شَيْبَهُ وَ النَّاكِحُ نَفْسَهُ وَ الْمَنْكُوحُ فِي دُبُرِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Al Tayalisy, from Abdul Rahman Bin Awf, from Ibn Abu Najran Al Tameemy, from Ibn Humeyd, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Three neither will Allah be Speaking to them, nor will He Look at them on the Day of Qiyamah, nor will He Purify them, and for them would be a painful Punishment [3:77] – the plucker of his grey hair, and the one having sex with himself (masturbating), and the one having sex in his backside’’.[237]
و قد روى أحمد بن محمّد بن عيسى في نوادره عن أبيه قال: سئل الصادق عليه السلام عن الخضخضة فقال عليه السلام: اثم عظيم قد نهى اللّه عنه في كتابه، و فاعله كناكح نفسه، و لو علمت بما يفعله ما أكلت معه.
Note – And it has been reported by Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa in his ‘Nawadir’, from his father who said, ‘Al Sadiq-asws, may the greeting be upon him-asws, was asked about the masturbation. He-asws, ay the greeting be upon him-asws, said: ‘A mighty sin, Allah-azwj has Prohibited from it in His-azwj Book, and its doer is like having sex with himself, and if I-asws were to know what he has done, I-asws would not eat with him’.
فقال السائل: فبين لي يا ابن رسول اللّه من كتاب اللّه فيه،
The questioner asked, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Explain to me from the Book of Allah‑azwj regarding it’.
فقال( ع) قول اللّه عزّ و جلّ: « فَمَنِ ابْتَغى وَراءَ ذلِكَ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ العادُونَ» و هو ممّا وراء ذلك،
He-asws said: ‘Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: So one who seeks beyond that, then those, they are the transgressors [23:7], and it is from what is ‘beyond that’.
فقال الرجل: أيما أكبر؟ الزنا أو هى؟
The man said, ‘Which of the two is greater, the adultery or it?’
فقال: هو ذنب عظيم،
He-asws said: ‘It is the mighty sin’’.
باب 81 زمان ضرب الحد و مكانه و حكم من أسلم بعد لزوم الحد و حكم أهل الذمة في ذلك و أنه لا شفاعة في الحدود و فيه نوادر أحكام الحدود
CHAPTER 81 – TIME OF STRIKING THE LEGAL PENALTY, AND ITS PLACE, AND RULING OF THE ONE WHO BECOMES A MUSLIM AFTER NECESSTITATION OF THE LEGAL PENALTY, AND RULING OF THE ZIMMY PEOPLE REGARDING THAT, AND THERE IS NO INTERCESSION REGARDING THE LEGAL PENALTIES, AND IN IT ARE MISCELLANEOUS RULINGS OF THE LEGAL PENALTIES
1- ج، الإحتجاج عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ رِزْقِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قُدِّمَ إِلَى الْمُتَوَكِّلِ رَجُلٌ نَصْرَانِيٌّ فَجَرَ بِامْرَأَةٍ مُسْلِمَةٍ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدَّ فَأَسْلَمَ فَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ قَدْ هَدَمَ إِيمَانُهُ شِرْكَهُ وَ فِعْلَهُ وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ يُضْرَبُ ثَلَاثَةَ حُدُودٍ وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ يُفْعَلُ بِهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – from Ja’far Bin Rizqullah who said,
‘A Christian man was forwarded to Al-Mutawakkil. He was being dragged by a Muslim woman wanting him to establish the legal penalty (of rape) upon him. But he became a Muslim. Yahya Bin Aksam said, ‘The Eman deletes whatever was before it’. And one of them said, ‘He should be struck three legal penalties’, and one of them said, ‘Such and such should be done with him’.
فَكَتَبَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّقِيِّ يَسْأَلُهُ فَلَمَّا قَرَأَ الْكِتَابَ كَتَبَ يُضْرَبُ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ فَأَنْكَرَ الْفُقَهَاءُ ذَلِكَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الْعِلَّةِ
Al-Mutawakkil wrote to Ali-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Naqi-asws asking him-asws. When he-asws read the letter, he-asws wrote: ‘He should be struck until he dies’. The jurists denied that. So, he wrote to him-asws asking him-asws the reason.
فَقَالَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا بَأْسَنا قالُوا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ وَ كَفَرْنا بِما كُنَّا بِهِ مُشْرِكِينَ السُّورَةَ
He-asws said: ‘In the Name of Allah the Beneficent, the Merciful [1:1], But when they saw Our Punishment, they said, ‘We believe in Allah alone and we deny what we had been associating with Him’ [40:84] – the Chapter.
قَالَ فَأَمَرَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ فَضُرِبَ حَتَّى مَاتَ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Al-Mutawakkil ordered, and he was struck until he died’’.[238]
2- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ يَهُودِيٍّ أَوْ نَصْرَانِيٍّ أَوْ مَجُوسِيٍّ أُخِذَ زَانِياً أَوْ شَارِبَ خَمْرٍ مَا عَلَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ –
‘From Ali, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), said, ‘I asked him-asws about the Jew, or a Christian, or a Magian seized for adultery or drinking the wine, ‘What is upon him?’
قَالَ يُقَامُ عَلَيْهِ حُدُودُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فِي مِصْرٍ مِنْ أَمْصَارِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَوْ فِي غَيْرِ أَمْصَارِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِذَا رُفِعُوا إِلَى حُكَّامِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.
He-asws said: ‘The legal penalty of the Muslims will be established upon him when they were to do that in a city from the cities of the Muslims, or in other than cities of the Muslims if they were to raise that to the judges of the Muslims’’.[239]
3- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ مَعاً عَنْ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا خَرَجَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي بَعْضِ حَوَائِجِهِ فَمَرَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ وَ هُوَ يُحَدُّ فِي الشِّتَاءِ فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَا يَنْبَغِي هَذَا يَنْبَغِي لِمَنْ حُدَّ أَنْ يُسْتَقْبَلَ بِهِ دَفَاءَ النَّهَارِ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي الصَّيْفِ أَنْ يُسْتَقْبَلَ بِهِ بَرْدَ النَّهَارِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Al Yaqteeny and Ahmad Bin Is’haq, both together from Sa’adan Bin Muslim who said, ‘One of our companions said,
‘Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws went out regarding one of his-asws needs. He-asws passed by a man and he-asws was being penalised in the winter. He-asws said: ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! This is not appropriate. It is appropriate for the one being penalised to face warmness of the day with him. If it was during the summer, he should be faced with coolness of the day’’.[240]
4- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا أُقِيمُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ حَدّاً بِأَرْضِ الْعَدُوِّ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ مِنْهَا لِئَلَّا تَلْحَقَهُ الْحَمِيَّةُ فَيَلْحَقَ بِالْعَدُوِّ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Khazzaz, from Giyas Bin Ibrahim,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Legal penalty cannot be established upon a man in a land of the enemy until he comes out from it, lest he is overcome by the prejudice so he joins with the enemy’’.[241]
5- سن، المحاسن عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَاءِ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: مِنَ الْحُدُودِ ثُلُثُ جَلْدٍ وَ مَنْ تَعَدَّى ذَلِكَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Al Magra, from Humran Bin Ayn,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘From the legal penalties is a third of a lash, and one who exceeds that, it (penalty) would be upon him’’.[242]
6- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام رُوِيَ أَنَّ الْحُدُودَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ لَا تُقَامُ بِالْغَدَوَاتِ وَ لَا تُقَامُ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ لِيَلْحَقَهُ دَفَاءُ الْفِرَاشِ وَ لَا تُقَامُ فِي الصَّيْفِ فِي الْهَاجِرَةِ وَ تُقَامُ إِذَا بَرَدَ النَّهَارُ وَ لَا يُقِيمُ حَدّاً مَنْ فِي جَنْبِهِ حَدٌّ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘It is reported, ‘The legal penalty cannot be established in the mornings, nor can it be established after the midday. Let him feel warmth of the bed. And it cannot be established in the summer in the severe heat, and it should be established when the day is cool; and a legal penalty cannot be established by one in whose crime is a legal penalty (similar to it)’’.[243]
7- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام أَرْوِي عَنِ الْعَالِمِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: حَبْسُ الْإِمَامِ بَعْدَ الْحَدِّ ظُلْمٌ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘It is reported from the Scholar-asws having said: ‘Imprisonment by the imam after the legal penalty is injustice’’.[244]
وَ أَرْوِي أَنَّهُ قَالَ: كُلُّ شَيْءٍ وَضَعَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ حَدّاً فَلَيْسَ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ الَّتِي لَا تُغْفَرُ.
And it is reported, he-asws said: ‘All thing Allah-azwj has Placed a legal penalty regarding it, it isn’t from the major sins which He-azwj does not Forgive’’.[245]
وَ قَالَ ع لَا يُعْفَى عَنِ الْحُدُودِ الَّتِي لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ دُونَ الْإِمَامِ فَإِنَّهُ مُخَيَّرٌ إِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَ عَاقَبَ
And he-asws said: ‘No one can pardon the legal penalties which are for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, apart from the Imam-asws for he has a choice. If he-asws so desires he-asws pardons, and if he-asws so desires, he-asws punishes.
فَأَمَّا من [مَا] كَانَ مِنْ حَقٍّ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُعْفَى عَنْهُ دُونَ الْإِمَامِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْلُغَ الْإِمَامَ
As for what are rights between the people, there is no problem if he is pardoned from it without the Imam-asws, before it (the case) reaches the Imam-asws.
وَ مَا كَانَ مِنَ الْحُدُودِ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ دُونَ النَّاسِ مِثْلَ الزِّنَا وَ اللِّوَاطِ وَ شُرْبِ الْخَمْرِ فَالْإِمَامُ مُخَيَّرٌ فِيهِ إِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَ عَاقَبَهُ
And whatever were from legal penalties of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic apart from the people, like the adultery, and homosexuality, and drinking the wine, the Imam-asws has choice in it, if he-asws so desires he-asws pardons, and if he-asws so desires, he-asws punishes.
وَ مَا عَفَا الْإِمَامُ فَقَدْ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَ مَا كَانَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَالْقِصَاصُ أَوْلَى
And whatever the Imam-asws pardons, so Allah-azwj has Pardoned from it, and whatever were to be between the people, so the retaliation is foremost.
وَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يُوَلِّي الشُّهُودَ فِي إِقَامَةِ الْحُدُودِ وَ إِذَا أَقَرَّ الْإِنْسَانُ بِالْجُرْمِ الَّذِي فِيهِ الرَّجْمُ كَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ يَرْجُمُهُ الْإِمَامَ ثُمَّ النَّاسَ وَ إِذَا قَامَتِ الْبَيِّنَةُ كَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ يَرْجُمُهُ الْبَيِّنَةَ ثُمَّ الْإِمَامَ ثُمَّ النَّاسَ.
And Amir Al-Momineen-asws would place the witnesses to be in charge in establishing the legal penalty; and when the person acknowledges with the crime regarding which is the stoning, the first one to stone him would be the Imam-asws, then the people; and when the proof is established, the first one to stone him would be (establisher of) the proof, then the Imam-asws, then the people’’.[246]
8- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب وَ أَخَذَ ع رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي أَسَدٍ فِي حَدٍّ فَاجْتَمَعَ قَوْمُهُ لِيُكَلِّمُوا فِيهِ وَ طَلَبُوا إِلَى الْحَسَنِ ع أَنْ يَصْحَبَهُمْ فَقَالَ ائْتُوهُ وَ هُوَ أَعْلَى بِكُمْ عَيْناً
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub –
‘And he (Ali-asws) seized a man from the clan of Asad regarding a legal penalty. His people gathered in order to speak regarding him and they sought to Al-Hassan-asws to accompany them. He-asws said: ‘Go to him-asws when he-asws knows of your situation’.
فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ سَأَلُوهُ فَقَالَ لَا تَسْأَلُونِّي شَيْئاً أَمْلِكُهُ إِلَّا أَعْطَيْتُكُمْ
They entered to see him-asws and asked him-asws. He-asws said: ‘You will not ask me-asws of anything I-asws control, except I-asws shall grant it to you’.
فَخَرَجُوا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ أَنْجَحُوا فَسَأَلَهُمُ الْحَسَنُ ع فَقَالُوا أَتَيْنَا خَيْرَ مَأْتِيٍّ وَ حَكَوْا لَهُ قَوْلَهُ فَقَالَ مَا كُنْتُمْ فَاعِلِينَ إِذَا جُلِدَ صَاحِبُكُمْ فَأَصْغَوْهُ
They went out viewing that they had succeeded. Al-Hassan-asws asked them. They said, ‘We have come with best of the comings’, and they narrated his-asws words to him-asws. He-asws said: ‘What will you be doing when your companion is whipped?’ They listened to him-asws.
فَأَخْرَجَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع فَحَدَّهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا وَ اللَّهِ لَسْتُ أَمْلِكُهُ.
Ali-asws brought him out and applied the legal penalty on him, then said: ‘By Allah-azwj! This, I‑asws am not in control of!’’[247]
9- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب مَطَرٌ الْوَرَّاقُ وَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ فِي خَبَرٍ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا شَهِدَ أَبُو زَيْنَبَ الْأَسَدِيُّ وَ أَبُو مُزَرِّعٍ وَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ خُنَيْسٍ الْأَزْدِيُّ وَ عَلْقَمَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ الْبَكْرِيُّ عَلَى الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ أَنَّهُ شَرِبَ الْخَمْرَ أَمَرَ عُثْمَانُ بِإِقَامَةِ الْحَدِّ عَلَيْهِ جَهْراً وَ نَهَى سِرّاً
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Matarr Al Warraq and Ibn Shihab Al Zuhry in a report,
‘When Abu Zaynab Al-Asady, and Abu Muzarrie, and Saeed Bin Malik Al-Ashari, and Abdullah Bin Khuneys Al-Azdy, and Alqamah Bin Zayd Al-Bukry testified upon Al-Waleed Bin Uqba that he had drunk the wine, Usman ordered with establishing the legal penalty upon him publicly, and forbade in secret.
فَرَأَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ يَدْرَأُ عَنْهُ الْحَدَّ قَامَ وَ الْحَسَنُ مَعَهُ لِيَضْرِبَهُ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws viewed that he (Usman) will stave off the legal penalty from him (due to him being his relative). He-asws stood up, and Al-Hassan-asws was with him-asws, in order to strike him.
فَقَالَ نَشَدْتُكَ اللَّهَ وَ الْقَرَابَةَ
He said, ‘We adjure you-asws with Allah-azwj and the kinship!’
قَالَ اسْكُتْ أَبَا وَهْبٍ فَإِنَّمَا هَلَكَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ بِتَعْطِيلِهِمُ الْحُدُودَ فَضَرَبَهُ
He-asws said: ‘Be quiet, Abu Wahb, for rather the children of Israel were destroyed due to their suspending the legal penalties!’ He-asws struck him.
فَقَالَ لَتَدْعُونِّي قُرَيْشٌ بَعْدَ هَذَا جَلَّادَهَا الرُّشَيْدُ الْوَطْوَاطُ
He-asws said, ‘After this, let Qureysh call me-asws their executioner, the rational, the bat (and recited a poem)
| الْمُصْطَفَى قَالَ فِي رَهْطٍ وَ فِي عَدَدٍ | لَكِنَّ وَاجِدَهُ الْأَكْفَى أَبُو الْحَسَنِ | |
| هَذَا هُوَ الْمَجْدُ مَنْ تَبْغُونَهُ عِوَجاً | إِنَّ الْعَلِيَّ خَشِنٌ يَنْقَادُ لِلْخَشِنِ |
Al-Mustafa-saww said among a group and among a number, ‘But I-saww find Abu Al-Hassan-asws as most sufficing. This, it is the glory of the one whom you (people) are seeking crookedness with. Ali-asws is harsh, leading to the harshness’’.[248]
10- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ أَخَذَ سَارِقاً فَعَفَا عَنْهُ فَإِذَا رُفِعَ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ قَطَعَهُ وَ إِنَّمَا الْهِبَةُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُرْفَعَ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ وَ كَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ وَ الْحافِظُونَ لِحُدُودِ اللَّهِ فَإِذَا انْتَهَى الْحَدُّ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ فَلَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَتْرُكَهُ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who seizes a thief, so he pardons him, then it is raised to the Imam-asws, he-asws will cut him, and rather the gifting (forgiving) is before it is raised to the Imam-asws, and like that are Words of Allah-azwj: the preservers of the legal penalties of Allah; [9:112]. When the legal penalty ends to the Imam-asws, it isn’t for anyone to neglect it’’.[249]
11- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر ابْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يُجْلَدُ الزَّانِي أَشَدَّ الْحَدَّيْنِ
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – Ibn Ammar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The adulterer will be whipped severest of the legal penalties’.
قُلْتُ فَوْقَ ثِيَابِهِ
I said, ‘Above his clothes?’
قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ يُخْلَعُ ثِيَابُهُ
He-asws said: ‘No, but his clothes (shirt) will be taken off’.
قُلْتُ فَالْمُفْتَرِي
I said, ‘(What about) the fabricator?’
قَالَ ضُرِبَ بَيْنَ الضَّرْبَيْنِ فَوْقَ الثِّيَابِ يُضْرَبُ جَسَدُهُ كُلُّهُ.
He-asws said: ‘He will be struck between the two striking’s, above his clothes. His whole body will be struck’’.[250]
12- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّ مَنْ جُلِدَ حَدّاً فَمَاتَ فِي الْحَدِّ فَإِنَّهُ لَا دِيَةَ لَهُ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws judged that the one who is whipped a legal penalty, so he dies during the legal punishment, there is no wergild for him’’.[251]
13- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ عَلَاءٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُوجَدُ وَ عَلَيْهِ الْحُدُودُ أَحَدُهَا الْقَتْلُ
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from A’laa, from Muhammad who said,
‘I asked him-asws about the man found (committing adultery), and upon him are the legal punishments, one of these is being killed’.
قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يُقِيمُ عَلَيْهِ الْحُدُودَ قَبْلَ الْقَتْلِ ثُمَّ يَقْتُلُ وَ لَا تُخَالِفْ عَلِيّاً.
He-asws said: ‘Ali-asws had established the legal penalties upon him before the killing, then he was killed, and do not oppose Ali-asws’’.[252]
14- نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ وُجِدَ رَجُلٌ مَعَ امْرَأَةٍ أَصَابَهَا فَرُفِعَ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَقَالَ هِيَ امْرَأَتِي تَزَوَّجْتُهَا فَسُئِلَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَسَكَتَتْ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهَا بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ أَنْ قُولِي نَعَمْ وَ أَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهَا بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ أَنْ قُولِي لَا فَقَالَتْ نَعَمْ
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – by his chain to,
‘Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws: ‘A man was found with a woman he had attained (from) her. It was raised to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. He said, ‘She is my wife. I had married her!’ The woman was asked. She was silent. One of the people gestured towards her, ‘Say yes!’, and one of the people gestured towards her, ‘Say no!’ She said, ‘Yes’.
فَدَرَأَ عَلِيٌّ ع الْحَدَّ عَنْهُمَا وَ عَزَلَ عَنْهُ الْمَرْأَةَ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ بِالْبَيِّنَةِ أَنَّهَا امْرَأَتُهُ
Ali-asws staved the legal penalty from both of them and isolated the woman away from him until he comes with the proof that she is his wife’.
وَ قَالَ تَزَوَّجَ رَجُلٌ امْرَأَةً ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَجَهِلَ فَوَاقَعَهَا وَ ظَنَّ أَنَّ عَلَيْهَا الرَّجْعَةَ فَرُفِعَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع فَدَرَأَ عَنْهُ الْحَدَّ بِالشُّبْهَةِ الْخَبَرَ.
And he said: ‘A man married a woman, then divorced her before he had entered her. He ignored and had sex with her, and he thought that the (right of) return is to her. It was raised to Ali-asws. He-asws staved the legal penalty away from him due to the doubt’ – the Hadeeth’’.[253]
وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع فِي الْمُكْرَهِ لَا حَدَّ عَلَيْهَا وَ عَلَيْهِ مَهْرُ مِثْلِهَا.
And Ali-asws said regarding the forced one (raped): ‘There is no legal penalty upon her, and upon him is a dower similar to her’’.[254]
وَ قَالَ جَعْفَرٌ الصَّادِقُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: لَا يَصْلُحُ الْحُكْمُ وَ لَا الْحَدُّ وَ لَا الْجُمُعَةُ إِلَّا بِإِمَامٍ.
And he said, ‘Ja’far Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali‑asws having: ‘Neither the ruling, nor the legal penalty, nor the Friday Salat is correct except with an Imam-asws’’.[255]
باب 82 التعزير و حده و التأديب و حده
CHAPTER 82 – THE REPRIMAND AND ITS LIMIT, AND THE DISCIPLINE AND ITS LIMIT
1- ع، علل الشرائع عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع التَّعْزِيرُ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Hammad Bin Usman who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The reprimand?’
فَقَالَ دُونَ الْحَدِّ
He-asws said: ‘Below the legal penalty’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ دُونَ ثَمَانِينَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Below eighty (lashes)?’
قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنَّهُ دُونَ الْأَرْبَعِينَ فَإِنَّهَا حَدُّ الْمَمْلُوكِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘No, but below forty, for it is a legal penalty of the slaves’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ كَمْ ذَاكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘And how much is that?’
قَالَ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا يَرَاهُ الْوَالِي مِنْ ذَنْبِ الرَّجُلِ وَ قُوَّةِ بَدَنِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘Based upon what the ones in charge views the sin of the man and strength of his body’’.[256]
2- سن، المحاسن عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ الْأَدَبِ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from one of our companions, from Ali Bin Asbat raising it, said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww prohibited from the disciplining during the anger’’.[257]
3- سن، المحاسن عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ بَلَغَ حَدّاً فِي غَيْرِ حَدٍّ فَهُوَ مِنَ الْمُعْتَدِينَ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who reaches in penalising regarding no penalty, he is from the transgressors’’.[258]
4- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام التَّعْزِيرُ مَا بَيْنَ بِضْعَةَ عَشَرَ سَوْطاً إِلَى تِسْعَةٍ وَ ثَلَاثِينَ وَ التَّأْدِيبُ مَا بَيْنَ ثَلَاثَةٍ إِلَى عَشَرَةٍ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘The reprimand is what is between some ten lashes to thirty-nine lashes, and the disciplining is what is between three to ten’’.[259]
5- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع عَنِ التَّعْزِيرِ قُلْتُ كَمْ هُوَ
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said,
‘I asked Abu Ibrahim-asws (7th Imam-asws) about the reprimand. I said, ‘How much is it?’
قَالَ مَا بَيْنَ الْعَشَرَةِ إِلَى الْعِشْرِينَ.
He-asws said: ‘What is between the ten to the twenty’’.[260]
6- الْهِدَايَةُ، وَ آكِلُ الْمَيْتَةِ وَ الدَّمِ وَ لَحْمِ الْخِنْزِيرِ يُؤَدَّبُ فَإِنْ عَادَ يُؤَدَّبُ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَتْلُ وَ آكِلُ الرِّبَا بَعْدَ الْبَيِّنَةِ يُؤَدَّبُ فَإِنْ عَادَ أُدِّبَ فَإِنْ عَادَ قُتِلَ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘And consumer of the dead, and the blood, and the pig meat will be disciplines. If he repeats, he will be disciplined, and the killing isn’t regarding it; and consumer of the interest after the proof will be disciplined. If he repeats, he will be disciplined. If he repeats, he will be killed’’.[261]
باب 83 القذف و البذاء و الفحش
CHAPTER 83 – THE SLANDER, AND THE VULGARITY, AND THE IMMORALITY
الآيات النور إِنَّ الَّذِينَ جاؤُ بِالْإِفْكِ عُصْبَةٌ مِنْكُمْ إلى قوله تعالى أُولئِكَ مُبَرَّؤُنَ مِمَّا يَقُولُونَ لَهُمْ مَغْفِرَةٌ وَ رِزْقٌ كَرِيمٌ.
The Verses of (Surah) Al Noor: Surely those who are coming with the falsehood are a group from you. [24:11] – up to Words of the Exalted: They are innocent from what they are saying. For them is Forgiveness and an honourable sustenance [24:26].
فس، تفسير القمي قَوْلُهُ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ جاؤُ بِالْإِفْكِ إِنَّ الْعَامَّةَ رَوَتْ أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي عَائِشَةَ وَ مَا رُمِيَتْ بِهِ فِي غَزْوَةِ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ وَ أَمَّا الْخَاصَّةُ فَإِنَّهُمْ رَوَوْا أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي مَارِيَةَ الْقِبْطِيَّةِ وَ مَا رَمَتْهَا بِهِ عَائِشَةُ
Note: Tafseer Al-Qummi – His-azwj Words: Surely those who are coming with the falsehood [24:11]. – ‘The general Muslims are reporting that it was Revealed regarding Ayesha and what she had been accused with during the military expedition of the clan of Al-Mustaliq, from Khuza’a; and as for the special ones (Shias), they are reporting that it was Revealed regarding Mariah Qibtiyya and what she had been accused with by Ayesha’. (please see Vol 20 for details)
1- ل، الخصال عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِيَّاكُمْ وَ الْفُحْشَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَا يُحِبُّ الْفَاحِشَ الْمُتَفَحِّشَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Abu Hureyra who said,
‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘Beware of the immorality, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic does not Love the immoral, the deliberately obscene’’.[262]
2- ل، الخصال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ قَالَ رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى الْمَرْوَزِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعٌ يُفْسِدْنَ الْقَلْبَ وَ يُنْبِتْنَ النِّفَاقَ فِي الْقَلْبِ كَمَا يُنْبِتُ الْمَاءُ الشَّجَرَ اسْتِمَاعُ اللَّهْوِ وَ الْبَذَاءُ وَ إِتْيَانُ بَابِ السُّلْطَانِ وَ طَلَبُ الصَّيْدِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Al Ashary who said, ‘It is reported from Ibn Abu Usman, from Musa Al Marouzy,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Four (traits) corrupt the heart and grown the hypocrisy in the heart just as the water grows the tree – listening to the vanities, and the obscenity, and going to a door of the ruler, and seeking the prey (hunting)’’.[263]
3- ل، الخصال عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبْغِضُ الْفَاحِشَ الْبَذِيَّ السَّائِلَ الْمُلْحِفَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Abu Hureyra,
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Allah-azwj Hates the immoral, the obscene, the insistent beggar’’.[264]
4- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي فِيمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عِنْدَ وَفَاتِهِ كُنْ لِلَّهِ يَا بُنَيَّ عَامِلًا وَ عَنِ الْخَنَاءِ زَجُوراً.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi –
‘Amon what Amir Al-Momineen-asws had bequeathed with at his-asws expiry: ‘O my-asws son-asws! Be a worker for Allah-azwj, and rebuked from the obscenity’’.[265]
5- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْحَيِيَّ الْمُتَعَفِّفَ وَ يُبْغِضُ الْبَذِيَّ السَّائِلَ الْمُلْحِفَ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – from Ibn Umar who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Loves the bashful, the chaste, and He-azwj Hates the obscene, the insistent beggar’’.[266]
6- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا كَانَ الْفُحْشُ فِي شَيْءٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا شَانَهُ وَ لَا كَانَ الْحَيَاءُ فِي شَيْءٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا زَانَهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – from Anas Bin Malik who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The immorality will not be in anything at all except it would disgrace it, nor will the bashfulness be in in anything at all except it would adorn it’’.[267]
7- ع، علل الشرائع فِي خُطْبَةِ فَاطِمَةَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ اجْتِنَابَ قَذْفِ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ حَجْباً عَنِ اللَّعْنَةِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ –
‘In a sermon by Fatima-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon her-asws: ‘Allah-azwj has Obligated shunning slandering the married women as a veil from the Curse’’.[268]
8- ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام فِي عِلَلِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ قَذْفَ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ لِمَا فِيهِ مِنْ إِفْسَادِ الْأَنْسَابِ وَ نَفْيِ الْوَلَدِ وَ إِبْطَالِ الْمَوَارِيثِ وَ تَرْكِ التَّرْبِيَةِ وَ ذَهَابِ الْمَعَارِفِ وَ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْمَسَاوِي وَ الْعِلَلِ الَّتِي تُؤَدِّي إِلَى فَسَادِ الْخَلْقِ.
(The books) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, (and) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws, in ‘Ilal’ of Muhammad Bin Sinan,
‘From Al-Reza-asws: ‘Allah-azwj has Prohibited slandering the married women due to what is in it from the corruption of the lineages, and negation of the child, and invalidation of the inheritances, and neglecting the upbringing, and elimination of acquaintances, and what is in if from the evil deeds, and the cause which leads to corruption of the people’’.[269]
9- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا يَنْظُرُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ لَا يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ الدَّيُّوثُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَ الْفَاحِشُ الْمُتَفَحِّشُ وَ الَّذِي يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ وَ فِي يَدِهِ ظَهْرُ غِنًى.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Muhammad Al Halby who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Three, neither will Allah-azwj Look at them on the Day of Qiyamah nor will He-azwj Purify them, and for them is painful Punishment – the cuckold from the men, and the immoral deliberately being obscene, and the one who begs the people in his hand is apparent riches’’.[270]
10- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْهِلَالِيِّ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ الْجَنَّةَ عَلَى كُلِّ فَاحِشٍ بَذِيٍّ قَلِيلِ الْحَيَاءِ لَا يُبَالِي مَا قَالَ وَ لَا مَا قِيلَ لَهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ فَتَّشْتَهُ لَمْ تَجِدْهُ إِلَّا لِغَيَّةٍ أَوْ شِرْكِ شَيْطَانٍ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Suleym Bin Qays Al Hilali –
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj has Prohibited the Paradise unto every immoral, obscene, of little shame, not caring what he says and what is said regarding him. If you were to investigate him, you will not find him except as a bastard, or an associate of Satan-la’.
قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ فِي النَّاسِ شِرْكُ شَيْطَانٍ
It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww, and among the people there is an associate of Satan-la?’
قَالَ أَ وَ مَا تَقْرَأُ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ شارِكْهُمْ فِي الْأَمْوالِ وَ الْأَوْلادِ.
He-saww said: ‘Or have you not read Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: and participate in their wealth and their children [17:64]’’.[271]
11- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنِ سُلَيْمٍ مِثْلَهُ وَ زَادَ فِي آخِرِهِ قِيلَ أَ يَكُونُ مَنْ لَا يُبَالِي مَا قَالَ وَ مَا قِيلَ لَهُ
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Usman Bin Isa, from Umar Bin Uzina, from Suleym,
‘Similar to it, and there is an increase in its end, ‘It was said, ‘Can there be one who does not care what he says and what is said regarding him?’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ مَنْ تَعَرَّضَ لِلنَّاسِ فَقَالَ فِيهِمْ وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَتْرُكُونَهُ فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي لَا يُبَالِي مَا قَالَ وَ مَا قِيلَ لَهُ.
He-saww said: ‘He-saww said: ‘Yes! One who exposes to the people, so he says regarding them while he knows they are not committing it, so that is the one who does not care what he says and what is said regarding him’’.[272]
12- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنِ الْحَذَّاءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الْحَيَاءُ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ وَ الْإِيمَانُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ الْبَذَاءُ مِنَ الْجَفَا وَ الْجَفَا فِي النَّارِ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Ri’ab, from Al Haza’a,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The bashfulness is from the Eman, and the Eman is in the Paradise, and the obscenity is from the rudeness, and the rudeness is in the Fire’’.[273]
13- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنِ ابْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْحَيِيَّ الْحَلِيمَ الْغَنِيَّ الْمُتَعَفِّفَ أَلَا وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبْغِضُ الْفَاحِشَ الْبَذِيَّ السَّائِلَ الْمُلْحِفَ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Ali Bin Al Numan, from Ibn Shimr, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Loves the bashful, the lenient, the virtuous. Indeed, and Allah-azwj Hates the immoral, the obscene, the insistent beggar’’.[274]
14- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ الصَّيْقَلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الْحَيَاءَ وَ الْعَفَافَ وَ الْعِيَّ عِيُّ اللِّسَانِ لَا عِيُّ الْقَلْبِ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ وَ الْفُحْشَ وَ الْبَذَاءَ وَ السَّلَاطَةَ مِنَ النِّفَاقِ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ibn Muskan, from Al Sayqal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The bashfulness, and the chastity, and the hesitancy, hesitancy of the tongue and not hesitancy of the heart, is from the Eman, while the immorality, and the obscenity, and the insolence is from the hypocrisy’’.[275]
15- الْهِدَايَةُ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص اجْتَنَبُوا السَّبْعَ الْمُوبِقَاتِ الشِّرْكَ بِاللَّهِ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ قَذْفَ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ الْغَافِلَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Shun seven destructive sins – the association (Shirk) with Allah-azwj’ – up to he-saww said: ‘And slandering the married women, married women, the unaware Mominaat, [24:23]’’.[276]
باب 84 الدياثة و القيادة
CHAPTER 84 – THE CUCKOLD AND THE PIMP
1- ل، الخصال عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ فُضَيْلٍ عَنْ شُرَيْسٍ الْوَابِشِيِّ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ الْجَنَّةَ لَيُوجَدُ رِيحُهَا مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ خَمْسِمِائَةِ عَامٍ وَ لَا يَجِدُهَا عَاقٌّ وَ لَا دَيُّوثٌ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Al Ashari, from Muhammad Bin Al Sindy, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Muhammad Bin Fuzeyl, from Shureys Al Wabishy, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The Paradise, its aroma will be felt from a travel distance of five hundred years, and it will neither be felt by one disobedient (to the parents) nor a cuckold’.
قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ مَا الدَّيُّوثُ
It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And what is the cuckold?’
قَالَ الَّذِي تَزْنِي امْرَأَتُهُ وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ.
He-saww said: ‘The one whose wife commits adultery while he knows (and lets it happen)’’.[277]
2- ل، الخصال عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ لِعَلِيٍّ ع يَا عَلِيُّ كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ عَشَرَةٌ الْقَتَّاتُ وَ السَّاحِرُ وَ الدَّيُّوثُ الْخَبَرَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ –
‘From the Prophet-saww in a bequest to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Ten from this community are committing Kufr with Allah-azwj the Magnificent – the gossiper, and the sorcerer, and the cuckold’ – the Hadeeth’’.[278]
3- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام عَنِ الْوَرَّاقِ عَنِ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْحَسَنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِي رَأَيْتُ امْرَأَةً يُحْرَقُ وَجْهُهَا وَ يَدَاهَا وَ هِيَ تَأْكُلُ أَمْعَاءَهَا وَ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ قَوَّادَةً الْخَبَرَ.
(The book) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – from Al Warraq, from Al Asady, from Sahl, from Abdul Azeem Al Hasany,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws the 2nd, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When there was an ascension with me-saww, I-saww saw a woman her face and her hands burning, and she was eating her own intestines, and she used to be a female pimp – the Hadeeth’’.[279]
4- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: حُرِّمَتِ الْجَنَّةُ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةٍ النَّمَّامِ وَ مُدْمِنِ الْخَمْرِ وَ الدَّيُّوثِ وَ هُوَ الْفَاجِرُ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Barqy, from a number of our companions, from Ibn Asbat,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws having said: ‘The Paradise is forbidden unto three – the gossiper, and habitual of wine, and the cuckold, and he is the immoral’’.[280]
– سن، المحاسن عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ أَظُنُّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قِيلَ لَهُ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَعَنَ الْوَاصِلَةَ وَ الْمَوْصُولَةَ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Ali Bin Abdullah, and I think Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from Abdulrahman Bin Abu Hashim, from Abu Khadeeja, from Sa’ad,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, it was said to him-asws, ‘It was said to him-asws, ‘It has reached us that Rasool-Allah-saww cursed the ‘Waasila’ and the ‘Mowsola’.
5 قَالَ إِنَّمَا لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْوَاصِلَةَ الَّتِي تَزْنِي فِي شَبَابِهَا فَلَمَّا أَنْ كَبِرَتْ كَانَتْ تَقُودُ النِّسَاءَ إِلَى الرِّجَالِ فَتِلْكَ الْوَاصِلَةُ وَ الْمَوْصُولَةُ.
He-asws said: ‘But rather, Rasool-Allah-saww cursed the ‘Waasila’, one who commits adultery during her youth. When she gets older, she leads the women to the men. So that is the ‘Waasila’ and the Mowsola’’.[281]
6- سن، المحاسن عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَغَارُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ فَلْيَغَرْ مَنْ لَا يَغَارُ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْكُوسُ الْقَلْبِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali, and someone else from Ibn Fazzal, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Giyas,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws: ‘Allah-azwj has Self-esteem for the Momin, so let him have self-esteem. One having no self-esteem, he is of inverted heart’’.[282]
7- سن، المحاسن فِي رِوَايَةِ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ نُبِّئْتُ أَنَّ نِسَاءَكُمْ يُوَافِينَ الرِّجَالَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ أَ مَا تَسْتَحْيُونَ وَ قَالَ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ لَا يَغَارُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – In a report by Giyas Bin Ibrahim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘O people of Al Iraq! I-asws have been informed that your women are meeting the men in the road! Are you not ashamed, and Allah‑saww has Cursed one having not self-esteem?’’[283]
8- سن، المحاسن عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ ع غَيُوراً وَ جَدَعَ اللَّهُ أَنْفَ مَنْ لَا يَغَارُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Ibrahim-as was a man of self-esteem, and Allah-azwj Stumps the nose of the one having not self-esteem’’.[284]
9- سن، المحاسن عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ صَلَاةً مِنْهُمُ الدَّيُّوثُ الَّذِي يُفْجَرُ بِامْرَأَتِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Al Qasim Bin Urwah, from Abdul Hameed, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Three, Allah-azwj will not Accept any Salat from them – the cuckold who is being immoral with his wife (with others)’’.[285]
10- سن، المحاسن فِي رِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ عَرَضَ إِبْلِيسُ لِنُوحٍ ع وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ يُصَلِّي فَحَسَدَهُ عَلَى حُسْنِ صَلَاتِهِ فَقَالَ يَا نُوحُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ جَنَّةَ عَدْنٍ وَ غَرَسَ أَشْجَارَهَا وَ اتَّخَذَ قُصُورَهَا وَ شَقَّ أَنْهَارَهَا ثُمَّ اطَّلَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَ قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ أَلَا وَ عِزَّتِي لَا يَسْكُنُهَا دَيُّوثٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – in a report by Muhammad Bin Qays,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘Iblees-la presented to Noah-as while he-as was standing praying Salat. He-la envied him-as upon the excellence of his-as Salat. He-la said, ‘O Noah-as! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created the Garden of Eden and Planted its trees, and Took its castles, and Furrowed its rivers! Then He-azwj Notified upon it. He-azwj Said: “The Mominoun have succeeded [23:1]. Indeed! By My-azwj Might! A cuckold will not dwell in it!”’[286]
11- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام لَعَنَ النَّبِيُّ ص الْمُتَغَافِلَ عَنْ زَوْجَتِهِ وَ هُوَ الدَّيُّوثُ وَ قَالَ ص اقْتُلُوا الدَّيُّوثَ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘The Prophet-saww cursed the one pretending to be unaware of his wife, and he is the cuckold, and he-saww said: ‘Kill the cuckold!’’[287]
12- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام إِنْ قَامَتِ الْبَيِّنَةُ عَلَى قَوَّادٍ جُلِدَ خَمْسَةً وَ سَبْعِينَ وَ نُفِيَ عَنِ الْمِصْرِ الَّذِي هُوَ فِيهِ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘If the proof is established upon a pimp, he would be whipped seventy-five (lashes), and he will be exiled from the city which he is currently in’’.[288]
وَ رُوِيَ النَّفْيُ هُوَ الْحَبْسُ سَنَةً أَوْ يَتُوبَ.
And it is reported: ‘The exiling, it is the imprisonment for a year of the repents’’.[289]
13- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع ثَلَاثَةٌ لا يَنْظُرُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ وَ لا يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ أَلِيمٌ الدَّيُّوثُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَ الْفَاحِشُ الْمُتَفَحِّشُ وَ الَّذِي يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ وَ فِي يَدِهِ ظَهْرُ غِنًى.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Muhammad Al Halby who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Three neither will Allah be Speaking to them, nor will He Look at them on the Day of Qiyamah, nor will He Purify them, and for them would be a painful Punishment [3:77] – the cuckold from the men, and the immoral deliberately being obscene, and the one who begs the people while in his hand are apparent riches’’.[290]
14- نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَنَّةَ عَدْنٍ خَلَقَ لَبِنَهَا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ يَتَلَأْلَأُ وَ مِسْكٍ مَدُوفٍ ثُمَّ أَمَرَهَا فَاهْتَزَّتْ وَ نَطَقَتْ فَقَالَتْ أَنْتَ اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ الْحَيُّ الْقَيُّومُ فَطُوبَى لِمَنْ قُدِّرَ لَهُ دُخُولِي
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – by his chain,
‘From Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When Allah-azwj Created the Garden of Eden, He-azwj Created its brick from shiny gold, and cardamom musk, then He-azwj Commanded it, so it shuddered and spoke. It said: ‘You-azwj are Allah-azwj! There is no god except You-azwj, the Living, the Eternal, so beatitude is for the one You-azwj has Determined for him to enter me!’
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ عِزَّتِي وَ جَلَالِي وَ ارْتِفَاعِ مَكَانِي لَا يَدْخُلُكِ مُدْمِنُ خَمْرٍ وَ لَا مُصِرٌّ عَلَى رِبًا وَ لَا قَتَّاتٌ وَ هُوَ النَّمَّامُ وَ لَا دَيُّوثٌ وَ هُوَ الَّذِي لَا يَغَارُ وَ يُجْتَمَعُ فِي بَيْتِهِ عَلَى الْفُجُورِ الْحَدِيثَ.
Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: ‘By My-azwj Might and My-azwj Majesty, and Loftiness of My-azwj Position! Neither will one habitual of wine enter you, nor one persisting upon interest (usury), nor a ‘Qattat’, (and he is a gossiper), nor a cuckold, (and he is the one having no self-esteem for him and he gathers in his house upon the immoralities)!” – the Hadeeth’’.[291]
باب 85 حد القذف و التأديب في الشتم و أحكامهما
CHAPTER 85 – LEGAL PENALTY OF THE SLANDER, AND THE DISCIPLINING REGARDING THE INSULT AND ITS RULINGS
الآيات النور وَ الَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ الْمُحْصَناتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَأْتُوا بِأَرْبَعَةِ شُهَداءَ إلى قوله تعالى هُمُ الْكاذِبُونَ.
The Verses – (Surah) Al Noor: And those who slander the chaste women then do not come with four witnesses, [24:4] – up to Words of the Exalted: they are the liars [24:13].
1- فس، تفسير القمي عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الْقَاذِفُ يُجْلَدُ ثَمَانِينَ جَلْدَةً وَ لَا تُقْبَلُ لَهُمْ شَهَادَةٌ أَبَداً إِلَّا بَعْدَ التَّوْبَةِ أَوْ يُكَذِّبَ نَفْسَهُ وَ إِنْ شَهِدَ ثَلَاثَةٌ وَ أَبَى وَاحِدٌ يُجْلَدُ الثَّلَاثَةُ وَ لَا يُقْبَلُ شَهَادَتُهُمْ حَتَّى يَقُولَ أَرْبَعَةٌ رَأَيْنَا مِثْلَ الْمِيلِ فِي الْمُكْحُلَةِ وَ مَنْ شَهِدَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَنَّهُ زَنَى لَمْ تُقْبَلْ شَهَادَتُهُ حَتَّى يُعِيدَهَا أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ.
Tafseer Al Qummi – from his father, from Hammad, from Hareez,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The slanderer will be whipped eighty lashes and no testimony will accepted for them, ever, except after the repentance, or he belies himself; and if three were to testify and one refuses, the three will be whipped and their testimonies will not be accepted until the four say, ‘We saw like the needle into the kohl container’; and one who testified upon himself that he has committed adultery, his testimony is not accepted until he repeats it four times’’.[292]
2- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنِ الْبَزَّازِ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع أُتِيَ بِرَجُلٍ وَقَعَ عَلَى جَارِيَةِ امْرَأَتِهِ فَحَمَلَتْ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ وَهَبَتْهَا لِي فَأَنْكَرَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Al Bazzaz, from Abu Al Bakhtari,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Ali-asws was brought a man who had fallen (had sex) with a slave girl of his wife. She became pregnant. The man said, ‘She had gifted her to me’. The wife denied.
فَقَالَ ع لَتَأْتِيَنِّي بِالشُّهُودِ أَوْ لَأَرْجُمَنَّكَ بِالْحِجَارَةِ
He-asws said: ‘Either you come to me with the witnesses of I-asws shall have you pelted with the stones!’
فَلَمَّا رَأَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ ذَلِكَ اعْتَرَفَتْ فَجَلَدَهَا عَلِيٌّ الْحَدَّ.
When the wife saw that, she acknowledged, so Ali-asws whipped her the legal penalty’’.[293]
3- ب، قرب الإسناد بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: كَانَ عَلِيٌّ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَحُدُّ بِالتَّعْرِيضِ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ بِالْفِرْيَةِ الْمُصَرَّحَةِ يَا زان [زَانِي] أَوْ يَا ابْنَ الزَّانِيَةِ أَوْ لَسْتَ لِأَبِيكَ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by this chain, said,
‘Ali-asws did not happen to apply the legal penalty for the insinuation until he-asws was brought the explicit libel, ‘O adulterer’, or ‘O son of the adulteress’ or ‘You aren’t for your father’’.[294]
4- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنِ الْبَزَّازِ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: حَدُّ الزَّانِي أَشَدُّ مِنْ حَدِّ الْقَاذِفِ وَ حَدُّ الشَّارِبِ أَشَدُّ مِنْ حَدِّ الْقَاذِفِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Al Bazzaz, from Abu Al Bakhtary,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Legal penalty of the adulterer is severer than legal penalty of the slanderer, and legal penalty of the drinking (of wine) is severer than legal penalty of the slanderer’’.[295]
5- ب، قرب الإسناد بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: لَيْسَ فِي كَلَامٍ قِصَاصٌ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by this chain,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘There is no retaliation regarding speech’’.[296]
6- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: يُجْلَدُ الزَّانِي أَشَدَّ الْجَلْدِ وَ جَلْدُ الْمُفْتَرِي بَيْنَ الْجَلْدَيْنِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ –
‘From Ali, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws) having said: ‘The adulterer will be whipped the severest whipping, and the fabricator will be whipped between the two whippings’’.[297]
7- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِالْأَسَانِيدِ الثَّلَاثَةِ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: إِذَا سُئِلَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ مَنْ فَجَرَ بِكِ فَقَالَتْ فُلَانٌ ضُرِبَتْ حَدَّيْنِ حَدّاً لِفِرْيَتِهَا عَلَى الرَّجُلِ وَ حَدّاً لِمَا أَقَرَّتْ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا.
(The book) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – by the three chains from Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘When the woman is asked, ‘Who had been immoral with you?’ She said, ‘So and so’. She would be struck two legal penalties – a legal penalty of her libel upon the man, and a legal penalty for what she had acknowledged of upon herself’’.[298]
8- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي رَجُلٍ قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ مَا أَتَيْتِنِي وَ أَنْتِ عَذْرَاءُ قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ قَدْ تَذْهَبُ الْعُذْرَةُ مِنْ غَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Al Himeyri, from Ibn Hashim, from Safwan, from Musa Bin Bakr, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding a man who said to his wife, ‘You did not come to me while you were a virgin’. He-asws said: ‘There isn’t anything upon him, for the virginity can be gone from without having sex’’.[299]
9- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَقَعَ عَلَى جَارِيَةٍ لِأُمِّهِ فَأَوْلَدَهَا فَقَذَفَ رَجُلٌ ابْنَهَا فَقَالَ يُضْرَبُ الْقَاذِفُ الْحَدَّ لِأَنَّهَا مُسْتَكْرَهَةٌ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from one of his companions raising it to,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws, he-asws was asked about a man who had fallen upon (had sex with) a slave girl of his mother. She gave birth, so the man slandered his son. He-asws said: ‘The slanderer will be struck the legal penalty because she had been forced (raped)’’.[300]
10- ع، علل الشرائع رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَذْفِ مُحْصَنَةٍ حُرَّةٍ قَالَ يُجْلَدُ ثَمَانِينَ لِأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا يُجْلَدُ بِحَقِّهَا.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ –
‘It is reported from Abu Ja’far-asws regarding slandering a free married woman. He-asws said: ‘He will be whipped eighty (lashes) because he is rather being flogged for her rights’’.[301]
11- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْحَذَّاءِ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَسَأَلَنِي رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مَا فَعَلَ غَرِيمُكَ قُلْتُ ذَاكَ ابْنُ الْفَاعِلَةِ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Al-Hassan Al Haza’a who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws. A man asked me, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan! What did your creditor do?’ I said, ‘That son of the immoral woman!’
فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع نَظَراً شَدِيداً فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّهُ مَجُوسِيٌّ يَنْكِحُ أُمَّهُ وَ أُخْتَهُ
Abu Abdullah-asws looked at me with a severe look. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! He is a Magian. He marries his mother and his sister!’
قَالَ أَ وَ لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ فِي دِينِهِمْ نِكَاحاً.
He-asws said: ‘And isn’t that (classified as) marriage in their religion?’’[302]
12- ع، علل الشرائع عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الْغُلَامِ لَمْ يَحْتَلِمْ يَقْذِفُ الرَّجُلَ هَلْ يُجْلَدُ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Al-Hassan Bin Saeed, from Al Nazr, from Al Qasim Bin Suleyman, from Abu Maryam Al Ansari who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the boy who had yet to attain puberty, slandering the man, ‘Will he be whipped?’
قَالَ لَا وَ ذَلِكَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَذَفَ الْغُلَامَ لَمْ يُجْلَدْ.
He said, ‘No, and that, even if a man were to slander the boy, he would not be whipped’’.[303]
13- ع، علل الشرائع بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ النَّضْرِ عَنِ ابْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقْذِفُ الْجَارِيَةَ الصَّغِيرَةَ فَقَالَ لَا يُجْلَدُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ قَدْ أَدْرَكَتْ أَوْ قَارَبَتْ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – by this chain, from Al Nazr, from Ibn Humeyd, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the man slandering the young girl. He-asws said: ‘He will not be whipped except if she happens to have attained puberty, or near to’’.[304]
14- ب، قرب الإسناد عَنِ الْبَزَّازِ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع فِي رَجُلٍ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ يَا شَارِبَ الْخَمْرِ يَا آكِلَ الْخِنْزِيرِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Al Bazzaz, from Abu Al Bakhtary,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws regarding a man who said to a man, ‘O drinker of wine, O eater of pig!’
قَالَ لَا حَدَّ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَكِنْ يُضْرَبُ أَسْوَاطاً.
He-asws said: ‘There is no legal penalty upon him, but he will be struck the whip’’.[305]
15- ع، علل الشرائع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ مَنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى مَمْلُوكٍ عُزِّرَ لِحُرْمَةِ الْإِسْلَامِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his father Ali, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Safwan, from Is’haq Bin Ammar, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘One who fabricates upon a slave will be excused for the sanctity of Al Islam’’.[306]
16- ع، علل الشرائع بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ رَجُلًا لَقِيَ رَجُلًا عَلَى عَهْدِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنِّي احْتَلَمْتُ بِأُمِّكَ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – by this chain, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘A man met a man in the era of Amir Al-Momineen. He said to him, ‘I have bed-wet with (dreaming about) your mother’.
فَرَفَعَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا افْتَرَى عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ وَ مَا قَالَ لَكَ قَالَ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ احْتَلَمَ بِأُمِّي
It was raised to Amir Al-Momineen-asws. He said, ‘This is a fabrication upon me’. He-asws said: ‘And what did he say to you?’ He said, ‘He claimed that he had bed-wet (dreaming about) my mother’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي الْعَدْلِ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَقَمْتُهُ لَكَ فِي الشَّمْسِ وَ جَلَدْتَ ظِلَّهُ فَإِنَّ الْحُلُمَ مِثْلُ الظِّلِّ وَ لَكِنَّا سَنَضْرِبُهُ إِذْ ذَاكَ حَتَّى لَا يَعُودَ يُؤْذِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ.
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said in the justice: ‘If you like I-asws can make him stand for you in the sun and whip his shadow, for the dream is like the shadow, but we-asws shall be whipping him what that (has happened) until he does not repeat hurting the Muslims’’.[307]
17- سن، المحاسن عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْهَاشِمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَوْ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ زَنَتْ فَأَتَتْ بِوَلَدٍ وَ أَقَرَّتْ عِنْدَ إِمَامِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِأَنَّهَا زَانِيَةٌ وَ أَنَّ وَلَدَهَا ذَلِكَ مِنَ الزِّنَا وَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ الْوَلَدَ نَشَأَ حَتَّى صَارَ رَجُلًا فَافْتَرَى عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَكَمْ يُجْلَدُ مَنِ افْتَرَى عَلَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Muhammad Bin Aslam, from Al Fazl Bin Ismail Al Hashimy, from his father who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws, or Abu Al-Hassan-asws about a woman who had committed adultery. She came with a child, and she had acknowledged in the presence of an imam of the Muslims that she had committed adultery, and that child of hers was from the adultery, and that the child had grown until he had become a man. A man fabricated upon him. How many will he whipped, the one who had fabricated upon him?’
قَالَ يُجْلَدُ وَ لَا يُجْلَدُ
He-asws said: ‘He will be whipped and not be whipped’.
قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يُجْلَدُ وَ لَا يُجْلَدُ
I said, ‘How can he be whipped and not be whipped?’
قَالَ مَنْ قَالَ لَهُ يَا وَلَدَ الزِّنَا لَا يُجْلَدُ إِنَّمَا يُعَزَّرُ وَ هُوَ دُونَ الْحَدِّ وَ مَنْ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الزَّانِيَةِ جُلِدَ الْحَدَّ تَامّاً
He-asws said: ‘One who says to him, ‘O son of adultery (bastard) will not be whipped, but rather he would be excused, and it would be below the legal penalty, and one who says, ‘O son of the adulteress’ will be whipped the complete legal penalty’.
قُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ صَارَ هَكَذَا
I said, ‘And did it come to be like this?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّهُ إِذَا قَالَ يَا وَلَدَ الزِّنَا فَقَدْ صَدَقَ فِيهِ وَ إِذَا قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الزَّانِيَةِ جُلِدَ الْحَدَّ تَامّاً لِفِرْيَتِهِ عَلَيْهَا بَعْدَ إِظْهَارِ التَّوْبَةِ وَ إِقَامَةِ الْإِمَامِ عَلَيْهَا الْحَدَّ.
He-asws said: ‘Because when he said, ‘O son of the adultery’, so there is truthfulness in it, and when he says, ‘O son of the adulteress’, he will be whipped the complete legal penalty due to his libel upon her after manifestation of the repentant, and the Imam-asws will establish the legal penalty upon her’’.[308]
18- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام اعْلَمْ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ إِذَا قَذَفَ مُسْلِمٌ مُسْلِماً فَعَلَى الْقَاذِفِ ثَمَانُونَ جَلْدَةً فَإِذَا قَذَفَ ذِمِّيٌّ مُسْلِماً جُلِدَ حَدَّيْنِ حَدّاً لِلْقَذْفِ وَ الْحَدُّ الْآخَرُ بِحُرْمَةِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ إِذَا زَنَى الذِّمِّيُّ بِمُسْلِمَةٍ قُتِلَا جَمِيعاً.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘Know, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, when a Muslim slanders a Muslim, upon the slanderer would be eighty lashes. When a Zimmy slanders a Muslim, he will be whipped two legal penalties, a penalty for the slander and another penalty for (violating) sanctity of Al Islam; and when the Zimmy commits adultery with a Muslim woman, they will both be killed’’.[309]
وَ رُوِيَ إِذَا قَذَفَ رَجُلٌ رَجُلًا فِي دَارِ الْكُفْرِ وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْرِفُهُ فَلَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ أَنْ يُحْسِنَ الظَّنَّ فِيهَا بِأَحَدٍ إِلَّا مَنْ عَرَفْتَ إِيمَانَهُ وَ إِذَا قَذَفَ رَجُلًا فِي دَارِ الْإِيمَانِ وَ هُوَ لَا يَعْرِفُهُ فَعَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَظُنَّ بِأَحَدٍ فِيهَا إِلَّا خَيْراً.
And it is reported, ‘When a man slanders a man in the house (country) of Kufr and he does not know him, there is nothing upon him because it is not Permissible for having good thoughts with anyone in it, except the one you know his Eman; and when a man slanders in the house (country) of Eman, and he does not know him, upon him is the legal penalty because it is not befitting to think with anyone in it except good’’.[310]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ مَنْ ذَكَرَ السَّيِّدَ مُحَمَّداً ص أَوْ وَاحِداً مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ الطَّاهِرِينَ ع بِالسُّوءِ وَ بِمَا لَا يَلِيقُ بِهِمْ وَ الطَّعْنِ فِيهِمْ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَتْلُ
And it is reported that the one who mentions with evil, the Seyyid Muhammad-saww, or one from People-asws of his-saww Household, the Purified ones, and with what is not linked with them, and the taunting regarding them-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws, the killing is obligated upon him.
فَإِذَا قَذَفَ حُرٌّ عَبْداً وَ كَانَتْ أُمُّهُ مُسْلِمَةً فَأَتَتْ إِلَى دَارِ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ طَالَبَتْ بِحَقِّهَا جُلِدَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تُطَالِبْ فَلَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا قَذَفَ الْعَبْدُ الْحُرَّ جُلِدَ ثَمَانِينَ جَلْدَةً
When a free one slanders a slave, and his mother were a Muslim, so she comes to the house of emigration and seeks her right, he would be whipped, and if she does not seek, there is nothing upon him. When the slave slanders the free one, he would be whipped eighty lashes.
وَ إِذَا تَقَاذَفَ رَجُلَانِ لَمْ يُجْلَدْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمَا لِأَنَّ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا مِثْلَ مَا عَلَيْهِ وَ إِذَا قَذَفَ الرَّجُلُ الْمُسْلِمُ الذِّمِّيَّ لَمْ يُجْلَدْ وَ إِذَا قَذَفَتِ المَرْأَةُ الرَّجُلَ جُلِدَتْ ثَمَانِينَ جَلْدَةً.
And when two men slander each other, no one from them would be penalised, because for each one of them would be what is against him; and when the Muslim man slanders the Zimmy, he will not be whipped; and when the woman slanders the man, she would be whipped eighty lashes’’.[311]
19- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب أُتِيَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بِرَجُلٍ وَ امْرَأَةٍ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ لَهَا يَا زَانِيَةُ فَقَالَتْ أَنْتَ أَزْنَى مِنِّي فَأَمَرَ بِأَنْ يُجْلَدَا
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub –
‘They came to Umar with a man and a woman. The man said to her, ‘O adulteress!’ She said, ‘You are more of an adulterer than me!’ He ordered both to be whipped.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَا تَعْجَلُوا عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ حَدَّانِ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ شَيْءٌ مِنْهَا حَدٌّ لِفِرْيَتِهَا وَ حَدٌّ لِإِقْرَارِهَا عَلَى نَفْسِهَا لِأَنَّهَا قَذَفَتْهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهَا تُضْرَبُ وَ لَا تُضْرَبُ بِهَا الْغَايَةَ.
Ali-asws said: ‘Do not be hasty! There are two legal penalties upon the woman, and there isn’t anything from it upon the man – a legal penalty for her fabrication and a legal penalty for her acknowledgment upon herself, because she slandered him, except she will be whipped and will not be whipped to the peak’’.[312]
20- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنِ ابْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ إِنَّ امْرَأَتِي قَذَفَتْ جَارِيَتِي
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’, from Ibn Yasaar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A man from the Helpers came to Rasool-Allah-saww. He said, ‘My wife has slandered my slave girl!’
فَقَالَ مُرْهَا تُصَبِّرُ نَفْسَهَا لَهَا وَ إِلَّا اقْتَدَتْ مِنْهَا
He-saww said: ‘Instruct her to be patient her self to her or else liberate from her’.
قَالَ فَحَدَّثَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ بِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَأَعْطَتْ خَادِمَهَا السَّوْطَ وَ جَلَسَتْ لَهَا فَعَفَتْ عَنْهَا الْوَلِيدَةُ فَأَعْتَقَهَا وَ أَتَى الرَّجُلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَخَبَّرَهُ
He-asws said: ‘The man narrated to his wife words of Rasool-Allah-saww. She gave her servant the whip and sat to her. The young girl excused from it, so she liberated her; and the man came to Rasool-Allah-saww and informed him-saww.
فَقَالَ لَعَلَّهُ يُكَفِّرُ عَنْهَا وَ مَنْ قَذَفَ جَارِيَةً صَغِيرَةً لَمْ يُجْلَدْ.
He-saww said: ‘Perhaps it has been atoned from her, and the one who slanders a young slave girl will not be whipped’’.[313]
21- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِذَا قَذَفَ الْعَبْدُ الْحُرَّ جُلِدَ ثَمَانِينَ أَحَدَّ الْحَدِّ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When the slave slanders the free, he will be whipped eighty lashes as one legal penalty’’.[314]
22- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّ الْفِرْيَةَ ثَلَاثٌ إِذَا رَمَى الرَّجُلَ بِالزِّنَا وَ إِذَا قَالَ إِنَّ أُمَّهُ زَانِيَةٌ وَ إِذَا ادُّعِيَ لِغَيْرِ أَبِيهِ وَ حَدُّهُ ثَمَانُونَ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Ibn Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws judged that the libel are three (types) – when the man accuses with the adultery, and when he says that his mother is an adulteress, and when he claims for other than his father, and its legal penalty is eighty (lashes)’’.[315]
23- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر قَالَ أَبِي رَجُلٌ قَذَفَ قَوْماً وَ هُمْ جُلُوسٌ فِي مَجْلِسٍ وَاحِدٍ يُجْلَدُ حَدّاً وَاحِداً وَ لَيْسَ لِمَنْ عَفَا عَنِ الْمُفْتَرِي عَلَيْهِ الرُّجُوعُ فِي الْحَدِّ
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ –
‘My-asws father-asws said: ‘A man slandered a people while they were seated in one gathering. He will be whipped one legal penalty and it isn’t for the one who pardons the fabricator, upon him is the retraction regarding the legal penalty.
وَ الْمُفْتَرِي عَلَى الْجَمَاعَةِ إِنْ أَتَوْا بِهِ مُجْتَمِعِينَ جُلِدَ حَدّاً وَاحِداً وَ إِنِ ادَّعَوْا عَلَيْهِ مُتَفَرِّقِينَ جَلَدَ كُلُّ مُدَّعٍ حَدّاً
And the fabricator upon the congregation if they all come with him, he would be whipped one legal penalty (not one for each person), and if they were to claim separately upon him, he would be whipped a legal penalty for every claimant.
وَ الْيَهُودِيُّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيُّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيُّ مَتَى قَذَفُوا الْمُسْلِمَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحَدُّ وَ الْيَهُودِيَّةُ وَ النَّصْرَانِيَّةُ مَتَى كَانَتْ تَحْتَ الْمُسْلِمِ فَقُذِفَ ابْنُهَا يُحَدُّ الْقَاذِفُ لِأَنَّ الْمُسْلِمَ قَدْ حَصَّنَهَا وَ مَنْ قَذَفَ امْرَأَةً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا ضُرِبَ الْحَدَّ وَ هِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ.
And the Jew, and the Christian, and the Magian, when they slander the Muslim, upon them would be the legal penalty; and the Jewess and the Christian woman, when they were to be under the Muslim, so he slanders her daughter, the slanderer will be penalised because the Muslim is married to her; and the one who slanders a woman before he has entered her, he will be struck the legal penalty and she will (still) be his wife’’.[316]
قَالَ أَبِي رَجُلٌ عَرَّضَ بِالْقَذْفِ وَ لَمْ يُصَرِّحْ بِهِ عُزِّرَ وَ الْمَمْلُوكُ إِذَا قَذَفَ الْحُرَّ حُدَّ ثَمَانِينَ.
My-asws father-asws said: ‘A man presented with the slander and did not utter with it, will be excused, and when the slave slanders the free, he will be penalised eighty (lashes)’’.[317]
وَ قَالَ: أَيُّ رَجُلَيْنِ افْتَرَى كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَلَى الْآخَرِ فَقَدْ سَقَطَ عَنْهُمَا الْحَدُّ وَ يُعَزَّرَانِ.
And he-asws said: ‘Whichever two men fabricate, each one of them upon the other, so the legal penalty will be dropped from them, and they will both be excused’’.[318]
أَبِي قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: ادَّعَى رَجُلٌ عَلَى رَجُلٍ بِحَضْرَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ افْتَرَى عَلَيْهِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ بَيِّنَةٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَلِّفْهُ
My father said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘A man claimed upon a man in the presence of Amir Al-Momineen-asws that he had fabricated upon him, and there did not happen to be any proof for him. He said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Make him swear an oath’.
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَا يَمِينَ فِي حَدٍّ وَ لَا فِي قِصَاصٍ فِي عَظْمٍ.
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘There is no oath for anyone regarding a legal penalty nor in a retaliation regarding respect’’.[319]
24- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي الرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ لِامْرَأَتِهِ لَمْ أَجِدْكِ عَذْرَاءَ
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the man saying to his wife, ‘I did not find you being a virgin’.
قَالَ يُضْرَبُ
He-asws said: ‘He will be struck’.
قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ عَادَ
I said, ‘Supposing he repeats?’
قَالَ يُضْرَبُ
He-asws said: ‘He will be struck’.
قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ عَادَ
I said, ‘Supposing he repeats’.
قَالَ يُضْرَبُ فَإِنَّهُ أَوْشَكَ أَنْ يَنْتَهِيَ وَ مَنْ قَذَفَ امْرَأَتَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ لِعَانٍ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ رَجْمٌ.
He-asws said: ‘He will be struck, for he will almost desist; and the one who slanders his wife from without ‘Li’an’ (mutual cursing), there isn’t stoning upon him’’.[320]
25- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: نَهَى أَنْ يُقْذَفَ مَنْ لَيْسَ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُطَّلَعَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ وَ قَالَ أَيْسَرُ مَا فِيهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَاذِباً.
(The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘It is prohibited for him to slander one who isn’t upon Al-Islam except if he is notified upon that from them’. And he-asws said: ‘The least of what is in it is he would be a liar’’.[321]
26- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر قَالَ أَبِي رَجُلٌ قَذَفَ عَبْدَهُ أَوْ أَمَتَهُ قِيدَ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ إِذَا قَذَفَ الرَّجُلُ [امْرَأَتَهُ] فَأَكْذَبَ نَفْسَهُ جُلِدَ حَدّاً وَ كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُكْذِبْ نَفْسَهُ تُلَاعِنُهُ وَ فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ –
‘My-asws father-asws said: ‘A man who slanders his slave or slave girl will be shackled from it (sin of slander) on the Day of Qiyamah; and when the man slanders his wife, so he belies himself, he will be whipped the legal penalty, and the woman will (still) be his wife. If he does not belie himself, she will curse him and there will be separation between them’’.[322]
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 1
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 2
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 3
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 4
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 5
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 6
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 7
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 8
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 9
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 10
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 11
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 12
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 13
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 14
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 15
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 16
[17] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 17
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 18
[19] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 19 a
[20] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 19 b
[21] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 19 c
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 20 a
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 20 b
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 20 c
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 21
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 22
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 23 a
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 23 b
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 24
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 25
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 68 H 26
[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 1
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 2
[34] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 3
[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 4
[36] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 5
[37] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 6
[38] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 7
[39] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 8
[40] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 9
[41] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 10
[42] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 11
[43] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 12
[44] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 13
[45] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 14
[46] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 15
[47] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 16
[48] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 17 a
[49] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 17 b
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 17 c
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 18 a
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 18 b
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 18 c
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 19 a
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 19 b
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 20
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 21
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 22
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 23
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 24
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 25
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 26
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 27
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 28
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 29
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 30
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 31
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 32
[69] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 33
[70] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 34
[71] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 35
[72] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 36 a
[73] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 36 b
[74] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 36 c
[75] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 36 d
[76] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 36 e
[77] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 37
[78] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 38
[79] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 39 a
[80] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 39 b
[81] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 40
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 41
[83] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 69 H 42
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 1
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 2 a
[86] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 2 b
[87] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 3
[88] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 4
[89] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 5
[90] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 6
[91] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 7
[92] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 8
[93] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 9
[94] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 10
[95] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 11
[96] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 12
[97] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 13
[98] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 14
[99] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 15
[100] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 16
[101] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 17
[102] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 18
[103] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 19
[104] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 20 a
[105] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 20 b
[106] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 20 c
[107] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 20 d
[108] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 21
[109] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 22
[110] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 23
[111] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 24
[112] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 25
[113] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 26
[114] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 27
[115] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 28
[116] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 29
[117] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 30
[118] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 31
[119] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 32
[120] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 33 a
[121] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 33 b
[122] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 33 c
[123] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 33 d
[124] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 33 e
[125] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 33 f
[126] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 34
[127] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 35
[128] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 36
[129] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 37
[130] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 38
[131] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 39
[132] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 40
[133] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 41
[134] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 42
[135] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 43 a
[136] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 43 b
[137] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 43 c
[138] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 43 d
[139] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 43 e
[140] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 43 f
[141] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 43 g
[142] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 44
[143] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 45
[144] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 46
[145] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 47
[146] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 48
[147] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 49
[148] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 50 a
[149] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 50 b
[150] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 51
[151] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 52 a
[152] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 52 b
[153] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 53
[154] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 54
[155] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 55
[156] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 56
[157] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 70 H 57
[158] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 1
[159] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 2
[160] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 3
[161] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 4
[162] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 5
[163] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 6
[164] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 7 a
[165] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 7 b
[166] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 8
[167] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 9
[168] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 10
[169] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 11
[170] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 12 a
[171] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 12 b
[172] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 13
[173] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 14
[174] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 15
[175] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 16
[176] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 17
[177] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 18
[178] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 19
[179] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 20
[180] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 21 a
[181] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 21 b
[182] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 21 c
[183] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 22
[184] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 23
[185] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 24
[186] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 25
[187] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 26
[188] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 27 a
[189] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 27 b
[190] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 27 c
[191] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 27 d
[192] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 28
[193] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 71 H 29
[194] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 72 H 1
[195] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 72 H 2
[196] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 72 H 3
[197] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 72 H 4
[198] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 72 H 5
[199] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 73 H 1
[200] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 73 H 2
[201] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 73 H 3
[202] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 73 H 4
[203] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 73 H 5
[204] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 74 H 1
[205] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 1
[206] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 2
[207] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 3
[208] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 4
[209] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 5
[210] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 6
[211] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 7
[212] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 8
[213] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 9
[214] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 10
[215] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 11
[216] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 12
[217] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 13
[218] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 75 H 14
[219] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 76 H 1
[220] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 77 H 1 a
[221] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 77 H 1 b
[222] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 77 H 2 a
[223] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 77 H 2 b
[224] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 77 H 3
[225] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 77 H 4
[226] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 77 H 5
[227] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 77 H 6
[228] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 77 H 7
[229] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 78 H 1
[230] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 78 H 2
[231] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 78 H 3
[232] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 78 H 4
[233] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 79 H 1
[234] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 79 H 1
[235] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 79 H 2
[236] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 79 H 3
[237] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 80 H 1
[238] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 1
[239] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 2
[240] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 3
[241] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 4
[242] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 5
[243] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 6
[244] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 7 a
[245] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 7 b
[246] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 7 c
[247] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 8
[248] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 9
[249] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 10
[250] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 11
[251] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 12
[252] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 13
[253] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 14 a
[254] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 14 b
[255] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 81 H 14 c
[256] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 82 H 1
[257] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 82 H 2
[258] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 82 H 3
[259] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 82 H 4
[260] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 82 H 5
[261] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 82 H 6
[262] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 1
[263] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 2
[264] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 3
[265] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 4
[266] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 5
[267] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 6
[268] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 7
[269] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 8
[270] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 9
[271] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 10
[272] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 11
[273] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 12
[274] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 13
[275] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 14
[276] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 83 H 15
[277] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 1
[278] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 2
[279] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 3
[280] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 4
[281] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 5
[282] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 6
[283] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 7
[284] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 8
[285] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 9
[286] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 10
[287] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 11
[288] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 12 a
[289] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 12 b
[290] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 13
[291] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 84 H 14
[292] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 1
[293] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 2
[294] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 3
[295] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 4
[296] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 5
[297] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 6
[298] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 7
[299] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 8
[300] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 9
[301] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 10
[302] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 11
[303] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 12
[304] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 13
[305] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 14
[306] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 15
[307] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 16
[308] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 17
[309] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 18 a
[310] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 18 b
[311] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 18 c
[312] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 19
[313] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 20
[314] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 21
[315] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 22
[316] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 23 a
[317] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 23 b
[318] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 23 c
[319] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 23 d
[320] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 24
[321] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 25
[322] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 76 – The Book of Evil deeds – Ch 85 H 26