Volume 77
Part 1 out of 2
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
كتاب الطهارة
THE BOOK OF CLEANLINESS
أبواب المياه و أحكامها
CHAPTERS ON THE WATERS AND THEIR RULINGS
باب 1 طهورية الماء
CHAPTER 1 – THE PURITY OF WATER
الآيات
The Verses
البقرة إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ التَّوَّابِينَ وَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ
(Surah) Baqarah: Allah Loves the repenting ones, and He Loves the cleaning ones [2:222]
الأنفال وَ يُنَزِّلُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنَ السَّماءِ ماءً لِيُطَهِّرَكُمْ بِهِ وَ يُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمْ رِجْزَ الشَّيْطانِ وَ لِيَرْبِطَ عَلى قُلُوبِكُمْ وَ يُثَبِّتَ بِهِ الْأَقْدامَ
(Surah) Al Anfaal: When He Covered you with the drowsiness as a security from Him, and He Sent upon you water from the sky to Purify you by it, and Remove uncleanness of the satan from you, and to Bind your hearts and Affirm the feet by it [8:11]
التوبة فِيهِ رِجالٌ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَتَطَهَّرُوا وَ اللَّهُ يُحِبُّ الْمُطَّهِّرِينَ
(Surah) Al Tawbah: Therein are men who love to be purified, and Allah Loves the purifying ones [9:108]
الفرقان وَ أَنْزَلْنا مِنَ السَّماءِ ماءً طَهُوراً
(Surah) Al Furqan: And We Send down clean water from the sky [25:48].
تفسير
Tafseer (Ahadeeth only)
رَوَاهُ الصَّدُوقُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي الْفَقِيهِ قَالَ: كَانَ النَّاسُ يَسْتَنْجُونَ بِالْأَحْجَارِ فَأَكَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ طَعَاماً فَلَانَ بَطْنُهُ فَاسْتَنْجَى بِالْمَاءِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ التَّوَّابِينَ وَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ
It is reported by Al-Sadouq, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with him, in (the book) ‘Al Faqeeh’, said,
‘The people used to cleanse themselves with the stones (after defecation). A man from the Helpers ate a meal. He had softness in his stomach. He cleansed (after defecation) with the water. So, Allah-azwj the Glorious Revealed: Allah Loves the repenting ones, and He Loves the cleaning ones [2:222].
فَدَعَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَخَشِيَ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ نَزَلَ فِيهِ أَمْرٌ يَسُوؤُهُ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص هَلْ عَمِلْتَ فِي يَوْمِكَ هَذَا شَيْئاً
Rasool-Allah-saww summoned him. He feared that a Command might have been Revealed regarding him. When he entered, Rasool-Allah-saww said to him: ‘Have you done anything during this day of yours?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَكَلْتُ طَعَاماً فَلَانَ بَطْنِي فَاسْتَنْجَيْتُ بِالْمَاءِ
He said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww! I ate a meal of so and so. My stomach softened, so I cleansed myself (after defecation) with the water’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبْشِرْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ أَنْزَلَ فِيكَ الْآيَةَ.
He-saww said to him: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted has Revealed a Verse regarding you’’.
قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ وَ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي أَهْلِ قُبَاءَ لِجَمْعِهِمْ فِي الِاسْتِنْجَاءِ عَنِ الْغَائِطِ بَيْنَ الْأَحْجَارِ وَ الْمَاءِ.
It has been reported from Al-Baqir-asws and Al-Sadiq-asws, it (8:11) has been Revealed regarding people of Quba due to their gathering regarding the cleansing from the defecation between the stones and the water’’.
النَّبِيِّ ص جُعِلَتْ لِيَ الْأَرْضُ مَسْجِداً وَ تُرَابُهَا طَهُوراً.
The Prophet-saww (said): ‘The earth has been Made as a Masjid (place of prostration) for me‑asws, and it’s soil as a purifier’’.
قَوْلِهِ ص وَ قَدْ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْوُضُوءِ بِمَاءِ الْبَحْرِ هُوَ الطَّهُورُ مَاؤُهُ الْحِلُّ مَيْتَتُهُ.
His-azwj words, and he-saww had been asked about the Wud’u with water of the sea: ‘Its water is the purifier, and its dead is Permissible.
بيان: لعل المراد بالميتة ما لم ينحر و لم يذبح فإن السمك يحل بخروجه عن الماء من غير ذبح و نحر.
Explanation – Perhaps the intent with the ‘dead’ is what has not been sacrificed and not slaughtered, for the fish is Permissible with its exit from the water from without having been slaughter or slayed.
وَ قَوْلِهِ ص طَهُورُ إِنَاءِ أَحَدِكُمْ إِذَا وَلَغَ فِيهِ الْكَلْبُ أَنْ يَغْسِلَهُ سَبْعاً.
And his-saww words: ‘Purification of a utensil of every one of you when the dog were to lick in it, is that he should wash it seven (times)’.
و منه قوله ص لا صلاة إلا بطهور.
And from him are his-saww words: ‘There is no Salat except with purity’’.
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مَاءِ الْبَحْرِ أَ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Sanaad’ – from Abdullah Bin Al-Hassan Al Alawy, from his grandfather,
‘Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about water of the sea, ‘Can I perform Wud’u from it?’
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘No problem’’.[1]
2- مَحَاسِنُ الْبَرْقِيِّ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ رَفَعَهُ عَنِ ابْنِ أُخْتِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ الْيَسَعِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع الْمَاءُ يُطَهِّرُ وَ لَا يُطَهَّرُ
(The book) ‘Mahasin’ of Al Barqy – from one of his companions, from a son of a sister of Al Awzaie, from Mas’ada Bin Al Yas’a,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘The water purifies and is not purified’’.[2]
3- نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص مِثْلَهُ
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – by his chain,
‘From Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from the Prophet-saww – similar to it’’.[3]
4- الْمُعْتَبَرُ، قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص خَلَقَ اللَّهُ الْمَاءَ طَهُوراً لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ مَا إِلَّا غَيَّرَ لَوْنَهُ أَوْ طَعْمَهُ أَوْ رِيحَهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mo’tabar’ –
‘He said, ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Created the water as a purifier. Nothing makes it impure unless it changes its colour, or its taste, or its smell’’.[4]
5- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: مَنْ لَمْ يُطَهِّرْهُ الْبَحْرُ فَلَا طُهْرَ لَهُ.
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘One whom the sea does not purify, there is no purification for him’’.[5]
6- الْهِدَايَةُ، لِلصَّدُوقِ الْمَاءُ كُلُّهُ طَاهِرٌ حَتَّى يُعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ قَذِرٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ of Al Sadouq –
‘The water, all of it is pure, until one knows that it is dirty’’.[6] (unknown whether it is a Hadeeth or not)
7- الْمُقْنِعَةُ، عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: أَفْطِرْ عَلَى الْحُلْوِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْهُ فَأَفْطِرْ عَلَى الْمَاءِ فَإِنَّ الْمَاءَ طَهُورٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Muqniya’ –
‘From Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘Break the fast upon the sweet. If you cannot find it, then break fast upon the water, for the water is a purifier’’.[7]
8- الْمُعْتَبَرُ، قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ قَدْ سُئِلَ عَنْ مَاءِ الْبَحْرِ فَقَالَ هُوَ الطَّهُورُ مَاؤُهُ الْحِلُّ مَيْتَتُهُ.
(The book) ‘Al-Mo’tabar’ –
He said, ‘The Prophet-saww said, and he-saww had been asked about the sea water. He-saww said: ‘Its water is the purifier, its dead is Permissible’’.[8]
بيان: لعل المراد بالميتة ما لم ينحر و لم يذبح فإن السمك يحل بخروجه عن الماء من غير ذبح و نحر.
Explanation – Perhaps the intent with the ‘dead’ is what has not been sacrificed and not slaughtered, for the fish is Permissible with its exit from the water from without having been slaughter or slayed.
9- إِرْشَادُ الْقُلُوبِ، لِلدَّيْلَمِيِّ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ ع قَالَ: فِي ذِكْرِ فَضَائِلِ نَبِيِّنَا ص وَ أُمَّتِهِ عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ أُمَمِهِمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ رَفَعَ نَبِيَّنَا ص إِلَى سَاقِ الْعَرْشِ فَأَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ فِيمَا أَوْحَى
(The book) ‘Irshad Al Quloub’ of Al Daylamy –
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali Al-Momineen-asws having said in mentioning merits of our Prophet-saww and his-saww community over the (other) Prophets-as and their-as communities: ‘Allah-azwj the Glorious Raised our Prophet-saww to Base of the Throne. He-azwj Revealed to him-saww among what He-saww Revealed to him-saww:
كَانَتِ الْأُمَمُ السَّالِفَةُ إِذَا أَصَابَهُمْ أَذًى نَجَسٌ قَرَضُوهُ مِنْ أَجْسَادِهِمْ وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُ الْمَاءَ طَهُوراً لِأُمَّتِكَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْأَنْجَاسِ وَ الصَّعِيدَ فِي الْأَوْقَاتِ.
“The previous communities were such that whenever any dirt had harmed them, they had to scrape it off from the bodies, and I-azwj have Made the water for your-saww community as a purifier from entirety of the impurities, and clean sand during the (certain) timings!”’[9]
باب 2 ماء المطر و طينه
CHAPTER 2 – THE RAIN WATER AND ITS CLAY
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ يُبَالُ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ وَ يُغْتَسَلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ ثُمَّ يُصِيبُهُ الْمَطَرُ أَ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ مَائِهِ فَيُتَوَضَّأَ لِلصَّلَاةِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his father-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the room it is being urinated upon its surface and washed from the sexual impurity (toilet), then the rain hits it, ‘Can one take from its water and perform Wud’u for the Salat?’
قَالَ إِذَا جَرَى فَلَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘When it is flowing, there is no problem’’.[10]
وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَرَّ فِي مَاءِ مَطَرٍ قَدْ صُبَّتْ فِيهِ خَمْرٌ فَأَصَابَ ثَوْبَهُ هَلْ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْسِلَهُ
And from him, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), said, ‘I asked him-asws about a man who passes by in rain water wherein wine has hit it, so it hits his clothes, ‘Can he pray Salat in it before he washes it?’
قَالَ لَا يَغْسِلُ ثَوْبَهُ وَ لَا رِجْلَيْهِ وَ يُصَلِّي وَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘He should neither wash his clothes nor his leg, and he can pray Salat, and there is no problem’’.[11]
وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْكَنِيفِ يَكُونُ فَوْقَ الْبَيْتِ فَيُصِيبُهُ الْمَطَرُ فَيَكِفُ فَيُصِيبُ الثِّيَابَ أَ يُصَلَّى فِيهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تُغْسَلَ
And from him, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), said, ‘I asked him-asws about the toilet happening to be above the house, so the rain hits it. It stops (collects). It hits the clothes, ‘Can one pray Salat in it before he washes?’
قَالَ إِذَا جَرَى مِنْ مَاءِ الْمَطَرِ فَلَا بَأْسَ [يُصَلَّى فِيهَا].
He-asws said: ‘When there is a flow of the rain water, there is no problem (praying Salat in it)’’.[12]
2- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، إِذَا بَقِيَ مَاءُ الْمَطَرِ فِي الطُّرُقَاتِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ نَجِسَ وَ احْتِيجَ إِلَى غَسْلِ الثَّوْبِ مِنْهُ وَ مَاءُ الْمَطَرِ فِي الصَّحَارِي يَجُوزُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ طُولَ الشَّتْوِ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – ‘When the rain water remains in the roads for three days, it is unclean and there is need to wash the clothes (if dirtied) from it; and the wain water in the desert, the Salat is allowed regarding it during the winter’’.[13]
3- السَّرَائِرُ، مِنْ كِتَابِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فِي طِينِ الْمَطَرِ أَنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ أَنْ يُصِيبَ الثَّوْبَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَّا أَنْ يُعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ نَجَّسَهُ شَيْءٌ بَعْدَ الْمَطَرِ.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – from the book of Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahboub, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from one of our companions,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws regarding the rain water clay, there is no problem with it if hit the cloth for three days, except if one known that something has dirtied it after the rain’’.[14]
4- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَطَرِ يَجْرِي فِي الْمَكَانِ فِيهِ الْعَذِرَةُ فَيُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ أَ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُغْسَلَ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the rain water flowing in the place wherein is faeces, so it hits the clothes, ‘Can one pray Salat in it before washing?’
قَالَ إِذَا جَرَى بِهِ الْمَطَرُ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘When the rain water is flowing, there is no problem’’.[15]
باب 3 حكم الماء القليل و حد الكثير و أحكامه و حكم الجاري
CHAPTER 3 – RULING ABOUT THE LITTLE WATER, AND LIMIT OF THE LOT AND ITS RULING, AND RULING OF THE FLOWING WATER
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَ كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادَيْنِ الْمُتَقَدِّمَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الدَّجَاجَةِ وَ الْحَمَامَةِ وَ أَشْبَاهِهِنَّ تَطَأُ الْعَذِرَةَ ثُمَّ تَدْخُلُ فِي الْمَاءِ أَ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ
(The books) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’, and ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the two previous chains,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his-asws brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the chicken, and the dove, and their like treading the faeces, then enter into the water, ‘Can one perform Wud’u from it?’
قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمَاءُ كَثِيراً قَدْرَ كُرٍّ
He-asws said: ‘No, except the water happens to be a lot, a measurement of ‘Kur’ (three palms cubed)’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَوَضَّأُ فِي الْكَنِيفِ بِالْمَاءِ يُدْخِلُ يَدَهُ فِيهِ أَ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ لِلصَّلَاةِ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the man performing Wud’u in the toilet with the water, inserting his hand in it, ‘Can one perform Wud’u from its remnants for the Salat?’
قَالَ إِذَا أَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ وَ هِيَ نَظِيفَةٌ فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ لَسْتُ أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَتَعَوَّدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَغْسِلَ يَدَهُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ
He-asws said: ‘When he inserts his hand and it is clean, there is no problem, and I-asws don’t like him repeating that except if he were to wash his hand before that’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ جُنُبٍ أَصَابَتْ يَدَهُ مِنْ جَنَابَتِهِ فَمَسَحَهُ بِخِرْقَةٍ ثُمَّ أَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِي غِسْلِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْسِلَهَا هَلْ يُجْزِيهِ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءِ
And I asked him-asws about one with sexual impurity, his hand being hit from his sexual impurity, so he wipes it with a rag, then he inserts his hand in his washing before he washes it, ‘It is allowed for him to wash from that water?’
قَالَ إِنْ وَجَدَ مَاءً غَيْرَهُ فَلَا يُجْزِيهِ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ بِهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ غَيْرَهُ أَجْزَأَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘If he finds water other than it, it is not allowed for him to wash with it, but if he cannot find other than it, it is allowed for him’’.[16]
2- عِلَلُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ ابْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَشْرِقِ عَنِ الْعَيْزَارِ عَنِ الْأَحْوَلِ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ سَلْ عَمَّا شِئْتَ
(The book) ‘Ilal’ of Al Sadouq – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Ibn Bazie, from Yunus, from a man from people of the East, from Al Ayzar, from Al Ahwal who said,
‘I entered to see Abu Abdullah-asws. He-asws said: ‘As about whatever you like to’.
فَأُرْتِجَتْ عَلَيَّ الْمَسَائِلُ فَقَالَ لِي سَلْ مَا بَدَا لَكَ
I was hesitant upon the issues. He-asws said to me: ‘Ask whatever comes to you’.
فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ الرَّجُلُ يَسْتَنْجِي فَيَقَعُ ثَوْبُهُ فِي الْمَاءِ الَّذِي اسْتَنْجَى بِهِ
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! The man cleanse from the toilet, so his cloth falls in the water which he cleanses with’.
فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ فَسَكَتَ فَقَالَ أَ وَ تَدْرِي لِمَ صَارَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it’. Then he-asws was silent. He-asws said: ‘And do you know why it became there being no problem with it?’
قُلْتُ لَا وَ اللَّهِ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
I said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
فَقَالَ ع إِنَّ الْمَاءَ أَكْثَرُ مِنَ الْقَذَرِ.
He-asws said: ‘The water is more than the dirt’’.[17]
3- الْبَصَائِرُ، لِلصَّفَّارِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ مِنَ الْجُنُبِ يَغْرِفُ الْمَاءَ مِنَ الْحُبِّ فَلَمَّا صِرْتُ عِنْدَهُ أُنْسِيتُ الْمَسْأَلَةَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ يَا شِهَابُ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَغْرِفَ الْجُنُبُ مِنَ الْحُبِ.
(The book) ‘Al Basaair’ of Al Saffar Bin Hashim, from Abu Abdullah Al Barqy, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad, from Shihab Bin Abd Rabbih who said,
‘I entered to see Abu Abdullah-asws and I wanted to ask him-asws about the one with sexual impurity scooping the water from the container. When I came to be in his-asws presence, I forgot the question. Abu Abdullah-asws looked at. He-asws said: ‘O Shihab! There is no problem if the one with sexual impurity were to scoop from the container’’.[18]
4- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَسْأَلُهُ فَابْتَدَأَنِي فَقَالَ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَاسْأَلْ يَا شِهَابُ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَخْبَرْنَاكَ بِمَا جِئْتَ لَهُ
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Shihab Bin Abd Rabbih who said,
‘I came to Abu Abdullah-asws to ask him-asws, but he-asws initiated me. He-asws said, ‘If you like, ask O Shihab, and if you like, I-asws can inform you with what you have come for’.
قُلْتُ أَخْبِرْنِي جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
I said, ‘Inform me, may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
قَالَ جِئْتَ لِتَسْأَلَ عَنِ الْجُنُبِ يَغْرِفُ الْمَاءَ مِنَ الْحُبِّ بِالْكُوزِ فَيُصِيبُ يَدَهُ الْمَاءُ
He-asws said: ‘You have come to ask about the one with sexual impurity scooping the water from the container with the jug, so his hand hits the water’.
قَالَ نَعَمْ
He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it’.
قَالَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ سَلْ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَخْبَرْتُكَ
He-asws said: ‘And if you like, ask, and if you like, I-asws shall inform you’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَخْبِرْنِي جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Inform me, may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
قَالَ جِئْتَ لِتَسْأَلَ عَنِ الْجُنُبِ يَسْهُو وَ يَغْمُرُ يَدَهُ فِي الْمَاءِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْسِلَهَا
He-asws said: ‘You have come to ask about the one with sexual impurity mistakenly immersing his hand in the water before he has washed it’.
قُلْتُ وَ ذَاكَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
I said, ‘And that, may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
قَالَ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ أَصَابَ يَدَهُ شَيْءٌ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِذَاكَ فَسَلْ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَخْبَرْتُكَ
He-asws said: ‘When nothing happens to hit his hand, there is no problem with that. Ask, and if you like, I-asws shall inform you’.
قُلْتُ أَخْبِرْنِي
I said, ‘Inform me’.
قَالَ جِئْتَ لِتَسْأَلَنِي عَنِ الْغَدِيرِ يَكُونُ فِي جَانِبِهِ الْجِيفَةُ أَتَوَضَّأُ أَوْ لَا
He-asws said: ‘You have come to ask me about the stream, the carcass happening to be in its side, can one perform Wud’u or not?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ
He said, ‘Yes’.
فَتَوَضَّأْ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَغْلِبَ عَلَى الْمَاءِ الرِّيحُ فَيُنْتِنَ وَ جِئْتَ لِتَسْأَلَ عَنِ الْمَاءِ الرَّاكِدِ مِنَ الْبِئْرِ
(He-asws said): ‘He can perform Wud’u from the other side, except it the smell has overcome upon the water, so it stinks; and you have come to ask about the still water from the well’.
قَالَ فَمَا لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ تَغْيِيرٌ أَوْ رِيحٌ غَالِبَةٌ
He-asws said: ‘Whatever does not happen to have any change in it, or smell having overcome it’.
قُلْتُ فَمَا التَّغْيِيرُ
I said, ‘So what is the change?’
قَالَ الصُّفْرَةُ فَتَوَضَّأْ مِنْهُ وَ كُلَّمَا غَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ كَثْرَةُ الْمَاءِ فَهُوَ طَاهِرٌ.
He-asws said: ‘The yellowness, perform Wud’u from it, and all what a lot of water has overcome upon it, it is clean’’.[19]
5- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، إِنِ اغْتَسَلْتَ مِنْ مَاءِ الْحَمَّامِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَكَ مَا تَغْرِفُ بِهِ وَ يَدَاكَ قَذِرَتَانِ فَاضْرِبْ يَدَكَ فِي الْمَاءِ وَ قُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ هَذَا مِمَّا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى ما جَعَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – ‘If you were to wash from water of the bathhouse and there does not happen to be with you what you can scoop with, and both your hands are dirty, then strike you hand in the water and say, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj! This is from what Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said: He did not Make any hardship upon you in the Religion [22:78].
وَ قَالَ ع كُلُّ غَدِيرٍ فِيهِ مِنَ الْمَاءِ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ كُرٍّ لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ مَا يَقَعُ فِيهِ مِنَ النَّجَاسَاتِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِ الْجِيَفُ فَتُغَيِّرَ لَوْنَهُ وَ طَعْمَهُ وَ رَائِحَتَهُ فَإِذَا غَيَّرَتْهُ لَمْ تُشْرَبْ مِنْهُ وَ لَمْ تُطَهَّرْ مِنْهُ وَ اعْلَمُوا رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ أَنَّ كُلَّ مَاءٍ جَارٍ لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ.
And he-asws said: ‘Every stream having in it from the water more than Kur (three palms cubed), whatever from the uncleanness falls into it will not dirty it, except there happens to be the carcass in it, so its colour, and its taste and its smell changes. When it changes it, do not drink from it, and do not cleanse from it; and know, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, that all flowing water, nothing dirties it!’’[20]
6- السَّرَائِرُ، مِنْ كِتَابِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْجُنُبِ يَجْعَلُ الرَّكْوَةَ أَوِ التَّوْرَ فَيُدْخِلُ إِصْبَعَهُ فِيهَا فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ يَدُهُ قَذِرَةً فَلْيُهَرِقْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَمْ يُصِبْهَا قَذَرٌ فَلْيَغْتَسِلْ بِهِ هَذَا مِمَّا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ ما جَعَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’, from the book of ‘Al Bazanty’ – from Abdul Kareem, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the one with sexual impurity going to the water trough or the water container, so his fingers get inserted in it. He-asws said: ‘If his hands were dirty, let him spills it, and its dirt had not hit it, let his wash with it. This is from what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: He did not Make any hardship upon you in the Religion [22:78]’’.[21]
7- كَشْفُ الْغُمَّةِ، مِنْ كِتَابِ الدَّلَائِلِ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي وُعِدَ فِيهَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ يَا بُنَيَّ ابْغِنِي وَضُوءاً
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ – from ‘Kitab Al Dalail’ of Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Himeyri,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When it was during the night which Ali‑asws Bin Al Husayn‑asws was promised (death) in it. He-asws said to Muhammad-asws: ‘O my-asws son-asws! Get me-asws Wud’u water’.
قَالَ فَقُمْتُ فَجِئْتُهُ بِمَاءٍ فَقَالَ لَا تَبْغِ هَذَا فَإِنَّ فِيهِ شَيْئاً مَيِّتاً
He-asws said: ‘I-asws stood up and came to him-asws with water. He-asws said: ‘I-asws don’t want this, for there is something dead in it’.
قَالَ فَخَرَجْتُ فَجِئْتُ بِالْمِصْبَاحِ فَإِذَا فِيهِ فَأْرَةٌ مَيْتَةٌ فَجِئْتُهُ بِوَضُوءٍ غَيْرِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘I-asws went out and came with the lamp, and behold, therein was a dead mouse. I-asws came to him-asws with another water for Wud’u’’.[22]
8- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ جَرَّةِ مَاءٍ فِيهِ أَلْفُ رِطْلٍ وَقَعَ فِيهِ أُوقِيَّةُ بَوْلٍ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ شُرْبُهُ أَوِ الْوُضُوءُ مِنْهُ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about flowing water wherein is one thousand Ratls, and a drop of urine falls into it, ‘Is it correct to drink it, or performing the Wud’u from it?’
قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ.
He-asws said: ‘It is not correct’’.[23]
9- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، قَالَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ الْكُرَّ هُوَ مَا يَكُونُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَشْبَارٍ طُولًا فِي ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْبَارٍ عَرْضاً فِي ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْبَارٍ عُمْقاً.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq –
‘He said, ‘It is reported that the ‘Kur’ (three palms cubed), it is what happens to be of three palms in length, by three palms in length in width, by three palms in depth’’.[24]
10- الْمُقْنِعُ، الْكُرُّ مَا يَكُونُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَشْبَارٍ طُولًا فِي عَرْضِ ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْبَارٍ فِي عُمْقِ ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْبَارٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Muqnie’ –
‘The Kur is what happens to be of three palms in length, by three palms in width, by three palms in depth’’.[25]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ الْكُرَّ ذِرَاعَانِ وَ شِبْرٌ فِي ذِرَاعَيْنِ وَ شِبْرٌ وَ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَاءِ الَّذِي لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ قَالَ ذِرَاعَانِ عُمْقُهُ فِي ذِرَاعٍ وَ شِبْرٍ سَعَتُهُ.
And it is reported that the Kur is of two cubits and palm by two cubits and a palm. And Abu Abdullah-asws was asked about the water which nothing can dirty. He-asws said: ‘Two cubits in depth by a cubit and a palm’s its width’’.[26]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ الْكُرَّ أَلْفٌ وَ مِائَتَا رِطْلٍ.
And it is reported: ‘The Kur is of one thousand two hundred Ratls’’.[27]
11- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ وَ هُوَ يَتَوَضَّأُ فَيَقْطُرُ قَطْرَةٌ فِي إِنَائِهِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ الْوُضُوءُ مِنْهُ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaai’ – by the preceding chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man, and he was performing Wud’u, so a drop (of urine) falls into his container, ‘Is it correct for him to perform Wud’u from it?’
قَالَ لَا
He-asws said: ‘No’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ رَعَفَ فَامْتَخَطَ فَطَارَ بَعْضُ ذَلِكَ الدَّمِ قَطْراً قَطْراً صِغَاراً فَأَصَابَ إِنَاءَهُ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ الْوُضُوءُ مِنْهُ
And I asked him-asws about a man having nose-bleed, so a drop of some of that blood, a small drop, drips and hits his container, ‘Is it correct to perform the Wud’u from it?’
قَالَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْءٌ يَسْتَبِينُ فِي الْمَاءِ فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ شَيْئاً بَيِّناً فَلَا يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ.
He-asws said: ‘If it does not happen to be something appearing in the water, there is no problem, and if it was something apparent, then he should not perform Wud’u from it’’.[28]
12- نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع الْمَاءُ الْجَارِي لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ.
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – by his chain,
‘Musa‑asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘The flowing water, nothing dirties it’’.[29]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع الْمَاءُ يَمُرُّ بِالْجِيَفِ وَ الْعَذِرَةِ وَ الدَّمِ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ وَ يُشْرَبُ لَيْسَ يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ.
And by this chain,
‘He-asws said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘The water flowing by the carcass and the faeces, and the blood, one can perform Wud’u from it and drink. Nothing dirties it’’.[30]
13- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: فِي الْمَاءِ الْجَارِي يَمُرُّ بِالْجِيَفِ وَ الْعَذِرَةِ وَ الدَّمِ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ وَ يُشْرَبُ وَ لَيْسَ يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ مَا لَمْ يَتَغَيَّرْ أَوْصَافُهُ طَعْمُهُ وَ لَوْنُهُ وَ رِيحُهُ.
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said regarding the water flowing by the carcass, and the faeces, and the blood: ‘One can perform Wud’u from it and drink, and nothing dirties it for as long as it does not change its description of its taste, and its colour, and its smell’’.[31]
وَ عَنْهُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَيْسَ يُنَجِّسُ الْمَاءَ شَيْءٌ.
And from him-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, said: ‘Nothing dirties the water’’.[32]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ مِيضَاةٍ كَانَتْ بِقُرْبِ مَسْجِدٍ تُدْخِلُ الْحَائِضُ فِيهَا يَدَهَا أَوْ الْغُلَامُ فِيهَا يَدَهُ قَالَ تَوَضَّأْ مِنْهَا فَإِنَّ الْمَاءَ لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ.
And from Abu Abdullah-asws, he-asws was asked about pool nearby to the Masjid, the menstruating woman inserts her hand in it, or the boy (inserting) his hand in it. He-asws said: ‘Perform Wud’u from it, for the water is such, nothing dirties it’’.[33]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْغَدِيرِ يَكُونُ بِجَانِبِ الْقَرْيَةِ يَكُونُ فِيهِ الْعَذِرَةُ وَ يَبُولُ فِيهِ الصَّبِيُّ وَ تَبُولُ فِيهِ الدَّابَّةُ وَ تَرُوثُ قَالَ إِنْ عَرَضَ بِقَلْبِكَ شَيْءٌ مِنْهُ فَقُلْ هَكَذَا وَ تَوَضَّأْ وَ أَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ أَيْ حَرِّكْهُ وَ أَفْرِجْ عَنْهُ عَنْ بَعْضٍ
And from him-asws, he-asws was asked about the stream happening to be nearby a town happening to have the faeces in it and the children urinate in it, and the animals urinate in it and excrete. He-asws said: ‘If something from it were to present your heart, then say like this and perform Wud’u’ – and he-asws indicated by his hand, i.e., moved it and clef apart from part’’.[34]
وَ قَالَ إِنَّ الدِّينَ لَيْسَ بِضَيِّقٍ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ ما جَعَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ
And he-asws said: ‘The religion isn’t with narrowness. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: He did not Make any hardship upon you in the Religion [22:78]’.
وَ سُئِلَ ع عَنْ غَدِيرٍ فِيهِ جِيفَةٌ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمَاءُ قَاهِراً لَا يُوجَدُ فِيهِ رِيحُهَا فَتَوَضَّأْ
And he-asws was asked about a stream wherein is a carcass. He-asws said: ‘If the water was prevailing, its smell cannot be found, then perform Wud’u’.
وَ سُئِلَ أَيْضاً عَنِ الْغَدِيرِ تَبُولُ فِيهِ الدَّوَابُّ وَ تَلَغُ مِنْهُ الْكِلَابُ وَ يَغْتَسِلُ مِنْهُ الْجُنُبُ وَ الْحَائِضُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ قَدْرَ كُرٍّ لَمْ يُنَجِّسْهُ شَيْءٌ
And he-asws was asked as well about the stream being urinated it by the animals, and the dogs drink from it, and the one with sexual impurity and the menstruating woman washes from it. He said, ‘If it were to be a measurements of Kur (three palms cubed), nothing dirties it’.
وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْغَدِيرِ يَبُولُ فِيهِ الدَّوَابُّ وَ تَرُوثُ وَ يَغْتَسِلُ فِيهِ الْجُنُبُ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص نَزَلَ بِأَصْحَابِهِ فِي سَفَرٍ لَهُمْ عَلَى غَدِيرٍ وَ كَانَتْ دَوَابُّهُمْ تَبُولُ فِيهِ وَ تَرُوثُ فَيَغْتَسِلُونَ فِيهِ وَ يَتَوَضَّئُونَ مِنْهُ وَ يَشْرَبُونَ.
And he-asws was asked about the stream being urinated it by the animals and excreted, and the one with the sexual impurity washes in it. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem. Rasool-Allah‑saww was in a journey with his-saww companions. He-saww descended by a stream, and their animals were urinating in it and excreting. They were washing in it and performing Wud’u from it, and drinking’’.[35]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِذَا مَرَّ الْجُنُبُ بِالْمَاءِ وَ فِيهِ الْجِيفَةُ أَوِ الْمَيْتَةُ فَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ تَغَيَّرَ لِذَلِكَ طَعْمُهُ أَوْ رِيحُهُ أَوْ لَوْنُهُ فَلَا يَشْرَبُ مِنْهُ وَ لَا يَتَوَضَّأُ وَ لَا يَتَطَهَّرُ مِنْهُ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘When the one with the sexual impurity passes by the water, and in it is the carcass or the dead, so if it were to have changed by that in its taste, or its smell, or its colour, he should neither drink from it, nor perform Wud’u, nor cleanse from it’’.[36]
وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ الْمَاءِ تَرِدُهُ السِّبَاعُ وَ الْكِلَابُ وَ الْبَهَائِمُ فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا أَخَذَتْ بِأَفْوَاهِهَا وَ لَكُمْ مَا بَقِيَ.
And from him-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was asked about the water frequented by the lions, and the dogs, and the beasts. He-asws said: ‘For them is what they take with their mouths, and for you is what remains’’.[37]
14- الْهِدَايَةُ، لَا يُفْسِدُ الْمَاءَ إِلَّا مَا كَانَتْ لَهُ نَفْسٌ سَائِلَةٌ وَ إِذَا كَانَ الْمَاءُ كُرّاً لَمْ يُنَجِّسْهُ شَيْءٌ وَ الْكُرُّ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْبَارِ طُولٍ فِي عَرْضِ ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْبَارٍ فِي عُمْقِ ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْبَارٍ
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘It does not spoil the water except what does not flow by itself; and when the water is Kur (three palms cubed), nothing dirties it, and the Kur is three palms in length, by three palms in width, and three palms in depth.
وَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْبَادِيَةِ سَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ حِيَاضَنَا هَذِهِ تَرِدُهَا السِّبَاعُ وَ الْكِلَابُ وَ الْبَهَائِمُ
The people of the valleys (Bedouins) asked Rasool-Allah-saww. They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! These watering places of ours are frequented by the lions, and the dogs, and the beasts!’
فَقَالَ ص لَهَا مَا أَخَذَتْ أَفْوَاهُهَا وَ لَكُمْ سَائِرُ ذَلِكَ.
He-saww said: ‘For these is what their mouths take, and for you is rest of that’’.[38]
باب 4 حكم البئر و ما يقع فيها
CHAPTER 4 – RULING OF THE WELL AND WHAT FALLS INTO IT
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَذْبَحُ شَاةً فَاضْطَرَبَتْ فَوَقَعَتْ فِي بِئْرِ مَاءٍ وَ أَوْدَاجُهَا تَشْخُبُ دَماً هَلْ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْبِئْرِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), said, ‘I asked him-asws about a man who slaughters a sheep, so it becomes restless and falls into a water well and its jugular vein was dripping blood, ‘Can one perform Wud’u from that well?’
قَالَ يُنْزَحُ مِنْهَا مَا بَيْنَ الثَّلَاثِينَ إِلَى الْأَرْبَعِينَ دَلْواً ثُمَّ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ
He-asws said: ‘Remove from it what it between thirty to forty buckets, then perform Wud’u from it, and there is no problem with it’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ ذَبَحَ دَجَاجَةً أَوْ حَمَامَةً فَوَقَعَتْ مِنْ يَدِهِ فِي بِئْرِ مَاءٍ وَ أَوْدَاجُهَا تَشْخُبُ دَماً هَلْ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْبِئْرِ
And I asked him-asws about a man who slaughters a chicken or a dove, so it falls from his hand into a well water, and its jugular vein drips blood, ‘Can one perform Wud’u from that well?’
قَالَ يُنْزَحُ مِنْهَا مَا بَيْنَ الثَّلَاثِينَ إِلَى الْأَرْبَعِينَ
He-asws said: ‘There should be removed from it what is between thirty to forty (buckets)’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَسْتَقِي مِنْ بِئْرِ مَاءٍ فَرَعَفَ فِيهَا هَلْ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا
And I asked him-asws about a man who quenches from a water well. His nose bleeds into it, ‘Can one perform Wud’u from it?’
قَالَ يُنْزَحُ مِنْهَا دِلَاءٌ يَسِيرَةٌ وَ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا
He-asws said: ‘Remove from it a few buckets and perform Wud’u from it’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ بِئْرٍ وَقَعَ فِيهَا زِنْبِيلٌ مِنْ عَذِرَةٍ رَطْبَةٍ أَوْ يَابِسَةٍ أَوْ زِنْبِيلٌ مِنْ سِرْقِينٍ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ الْوُضُوءُ مِنْهَا
And I asked him-asws about a well into which falls a lump of faeces, wet or dry, or a lump of dung, ‘Is it correct to perform the Wud’u from it?’
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem’’.[39]
2- بَصَائِرُ الصَّفَّارِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ جِئْتَ لِتَسْأَلَ عَنِ الْمَاءِ الرَّاكِدِ مِنَ الْبِئْرِ
(The book) ‘Basaair’ of Al Saffar – from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Shihab Bin Abd Rabbih who said,
‘I came to Abu Abdullah-asws. He-asws said: ‘You have come to ask about the still water from the well’.
قَالَ فَمَا لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ تَغْيِيرٌ أَوْ رِيحٌ غَالِبَةٌ
He-asws said: ‘What does not have change in it, or overwhelming smell’.
قُلْتُ فَمَا التَّغْيِيرُ
I said, ‘What is the change?’
قَالَ الصُّفْرَةُ فَتَوَضَّأْ مِنْهُ وَ كُلَّمَا غَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ كَثْرَةُ الْمَاءِ فَهُوَ طَاهِرٌ.
He-asws said: ‘The yellowness. Perform Wud’u from it, and all what a lot of water has overcome upon it, it is clean’’.[40]
3- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، مَاءُ الْبِئْرِ طَهُورٌ مَا لَمْ يُنَجِّسْهُ شَيْءٌ يَقَعُ فِيهِ وَ أَكْبَرُ مَا يَقَعُ فِيهِ إِنْسَانٌ فَيَمُوتُ فَانْزَحْ مِنْهَا سَبْعِينَ دَلْواً وَ أَصْغَرُ مَا يَقَعُ فِيهَا الصَّعْوَةُ فَانْزَحْ مِنْهَا دَلْواً وَاحِداً وَ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الصَّعْوَةِ وَ الْإِنْسَانِ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا يَقَعُ فِيهَا
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – ‘Water of the well is clean for as long as nothing falling into it has dirtied it, and the largest of what can fall into it is a human being, so he dies, so remove seventy buckets from it; and the smallest of what can fall into it is the kinglet (small bird), so removed one bucket from it; and regarding what is between the kinglet and the human being, in accordance to what has fallen into it.
فَإِنْ وَقَعَ فِيهَا حِمَارٌ فَانْزَحْ مِنْهَا كُرّاً مِنَ الْمَاءِ فَإِنْ وَقَعَ فِيهَا كَلْبٌ أَوْ سِنَّوْرٌ فَانْزَحْ مِنْهَا ثَلَاثِينَ دَلْواً إِلَى أَرْبَعِينَ وَ الْكُرُّ سِتُّونَ دَلْواً
If a donkey falls into it, then remove a Kur (three palms cubed) from the water. If a dog or a cat fall into it, then remove from it thirty buckets to forty; and the Kur is of sixty buckets’.
وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ سَبْعَةُ أَدْلٍ
And it has been reported as ‘Seven’.
وَ هَذَا الَّذِي وَصَفْنَاهُ فِي مَاءِ الْبِئْرِ مَا لَمْ يَتَغَيَّرِ الْمَاءُ فَإِنْ تَغَيَّرَ الْمَاءُ وَجَبَ أَنْ يُنْزَحَ الْمَاءُ كُلُّهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ كَثِيراً وَ صَعُبَ نَزْحُهُ فَالْوَاجِبُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَكْتَرِيَ عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعَةَ رِجَالٍ يَسْتَقُونَ مِنْهَا عَلَى التَّرَاوُحِ مِنَ الْغُدْوَةِ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ
‘And this which we-asws have described is regarding the well water for as long as the water has not changed. If the water has changed, it obligates to remove the water, all of it. If it were to be a lot and difficult to remove it, the obligatory upon it is to hire four men upon it to be drawing from it upon turns from the morning to the night. If Wud’u is performed from it, or bathing, or washing clothes after clarity, and every utensil that water is poured into is washed.
وَ إِنْ وَقَعَتْ فِيهَا حَيَّةٌ أَوْ عَقْرَبٌ أَوْ خَنَافِسُ أَوْ بَنَاتُ وَرْدَانَ فَاسْتَقِ لِلْحَيَّةِ أدل [أَدْلِياً] وَ لَيْسَ لِسِوَاهَا شَيْءٌ وَ إِنْ مَاتَ فِيهَا بَعِيرٌ أَوْ صُبَّ فِيهَا خَمْرٌ فَانْزَحْ مِنْهَا الْمَاءَ كُلَّهُ وَ إِنْ قَطَرَ فِيهَا قَطَرَاتٌ مِنْ دَمٍ فَاسْتَقِ مِنْهَا دِلَاءً
And if a snake, or a scorpion, or a beetle, or a cockroach, so a bucket, and there isn’t anything besides it; and if a camel were to die in it or wine is poured into it, then remove the water from it, all of it; and if there drops in it a drop from drops of blood, then draw a bucket from it.
وَ إِنْ بَالَ فِيهَا رَجُلٌ فَاسْتَقِ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعِينَ دَلْواً وَ إِنْ بَالَ صَبِيٌّ وَ قَدْ أَكَلَ الطَّعَامَ اسْتَقِ مِنْهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَدْلٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَ رَضِيعاً اسْتَقِ مِنْهَا دَلْواً وَاحِداً
And if a man were to urinate in it, then draw from it forty buckets; and if a boy were to urinate in it and he has eaten the food, draw from it three buckets; and if he had been breastfed, draw one bucket from it.
وَ كُلُّ بِئْرٍ عُمْقُ مَائِهَا ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْبَارٍ وَ نِصْفٌ فِي مِثْلِهَا فَسَبِيلُهَا سَبِيلُ الْمَاءِ الْجَارِي إِلَّا أَنْ يَتَغَيَّرَ لَوْنُهَا وَ طَعْمُهَا وَ رَائِحَتُهَا فَإِنْ تَغَيَّرَتْ نُزِحَتْ حَتَّى تَطَيَّبَ
And every well the depth of its water is three palms width and a half in similar to it, it’s way is way of the flowing water, except if there is a change in its colour, and its taste, and its smell. If it has changed, it will be removed until it is good.
وَ إِذَا سَقَطَ فِي الْبِئْرِ فَأْرَةٌ أَوْ طَائِرٌ أَوْ سِنَّوْرٌ وَ مَا أَشْبَهَ ذَلِكَ فَمَاتَ فِيهَا وَ لَمْ يَتَفَسَّخْ نُزِحَ مِنْهُ سَبْعَةُ أَدْلٍ مِنْ دِلَاءِ هَجَرَ وَ الدَّلْوُ أَرْبَعُونَ رِطْلًا وَ إِنْ تَفَسَّخَ نُزِحَ مِنْهَا عِشْرُونَ دَلْواً وَ رُوِيَ أَرْبَعُونَ دَلْواً اللَّهُمَّ إِلَّا أَنْ يَتَغَيَّرَ اللَّوْنُ وَ الطَّعْمُ وَ الرَّائِحَةُ فَيُنْزَحُ حَتَّى تَطَيَّبَ.
And when there were to fall into the well a mouse, or a bird, or a cat, and whatever resembles that, so it dies in it and is not breathing, seven buckets will be drawn from it, from buckets of stone – and the bucket is of forty Ratl. And if it disintegrates, remove from it twenty buckets’. And it is reported, ‘Forty buckets’. ‘O Allah! Except if the colour, and the taste, and the smell has changed, so remove from it until it is good’’.[41]
4- الْمُعْتَبَرُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ فَصِرْنَا إِلَى بِئْرٍ فَاسْتَقَى غُلَامُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع دَلْواً فَخَرَجَ فِيهِ فَأْرَتَانِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَرِقْهُ
(The book) ‘Al Mo’tabar’ – from Ali Bin Hadeed, from one of our companions who said,
‘I was with Abu Abdullah-asws in a road of Makkah. We came to a well. A slave of Abu Abdullah‑asws drew a bucket. Two mice emerged from it. Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Spill it!’
قَالَ فَاسْتَقَى آخَرَ فَخَرَجَ فِيهِ فَأْرَةٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَرِقْهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He drew another. A mouse emerged from it. Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Spill it!’
قَالَ فَاسْتَقَى الثَّالِثَ فَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ صُبَّهُ فِي الْإِنَاءِ فَصَبَّهُ فَتَوَضَّأَ مِنْهُ وَ شَرِبَ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘He drew the third. Nothing emerged from it. He-asws said: ‘Pour it in the container!’ He poured it, and he-asws performed Wud’u from it and drank’’.[42]
5- السَّرَائِرُ، قَالَ: الْأَخْبَارُ مُتَوَاتِرَةٌ عَنِ الْأَئِمَّةِ الطَّاهِرِينَ سَلَامُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ بِأَنْ يُنْزَحَ لِبَوْلِ الْإِنْسَانِ أَرْبَعُونَ دَلْواً.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ –
‘He said, ‘The Ahadeeth are recurrent from the Purified Imams-asws, may the Greeting of Allah‑azwj be upon them-asws that for the urine of the human being, forty buckets will be removed’’.[43]
6- الْمُعْتَبَرُ، رَوَى الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ فِي كِتَابِهِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ السِّنَّوْرِ فَقَالَ أَرْبَعُونَ دَلْواً وَ لِلْكَلْبِ وَ شِبْهِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mo’tabar’ – It is reported by Al Husayn Bin Saeed in his book – from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the cat. He-asws said: ‘Forty buckets, and for the dog and its like’’.[44]
7- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ فَأْرَةٍ وَقَعَتْ فِي بِئْرٍ فَأُخْرِجَتْ وَ قَدْ تَقَطَّعَتْ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ الْوُضُوءُ مِنْ مَائِهَا
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about a mouse having fallen into a well, so it is extracted, and it is in pieces, ‘Is the Wud’u correct from its water?’
قَالَ يُنْزَحُ مِنْهَا عِشْرُونَ دَلْواً إِذَا تَقَطَّعَتْ ثُمَّ تُتَوَضَّأُ وَ لَا بَأْسَ
He-asws said: ‘Twenty buckets will be removed from it when it is in pieces, then perform Wud’u, and there is no problem’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَبِيٍّ بَالَ فِي بِئْرٍ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ الْوُضُوءُ مِنْهَا
And I asked him-asws about the young boy urinating in a well, ‘Is the Wud’u correct from it?’
فَقَالَ يُنْزَحُ الْمَاءُ كُلُّهُ.
He-asws said: ‘Remove the water, all of it’’.[45]
مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع فِي الْبِئْرِ يَبُولُ فِيهَا الصَّبِيُّ أَوْ يُصَبُّ فِيهَا خَمْرٌ أَوْ بَوْلٌ فَقَالَ يُنْزَحُ الْمَاءُ كُلُّهُ.
Muawiya Bin Ammar,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws regarding the well the young boy urinates in, or wine or urine is poured in it. He-asws said: ‘Remove the water, all of it’’.[46]
8- الْهِدَايَةُ، مَاءُ الْبِئْرِ وَاسِعٌ لَا يُفْسِدُهُ شَيْءٌ وَ أَكْبَرُ مَا يَقَعُ فِي الْبِئْرِ الْإِنْسَانُ فَيَمُوتُ فِيهَا يُنْزَحُ مِنْهَا سَبْعُونَ دَلْواً وَ أَصْغَرُ مَا يَقَعُ فِيهَا الصَّعْوَةُ يُنْزَحُ مِنْهَا دَلْوٌ وَاحِدٌ وَ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْإِنْسَانِ وَ الصَّعْوَةِ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا يَقَعُ فِيهَا
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘The well water is capacious, nothing spoils it, and the largest of what can fall into the well is the human being, so he dies in it, and seventy buckets would be removed from it; and smallest of what can fall into it is the kinglet (small bird), one bucket would be removed from it, and regarding what is between the human being and the kinglet, is in accordance to what has fallen into it.
وَ إِنْ وَقَعَ فِيهَا ثَوْرٌ أَوْ بَعِيرٌ أَوْ صُبَّ فِيهَا خَمْرٌ نُزِحَ الْمَاءُ كُلُّهُ وَ إِنْ وَقَعَ فِيهَا حِمَارٌ نُزِحَ مِنْهَا كُرٌّ مِنْ مَاءٍ وَ إِنْ وَقَعَ فِيهَا كَلْبٌ أَوْ سِنَّوْرٌ نُزِحَ مِنْهَا ثَلَاثُونَ دَلْواً إِلَى أَرْبَعِينَ دَلْواً وَ إِنْ وَقَعَتْ فِيهَا دَجَاجَةٌ أَوْ طَيْرٌ نُزِحَ مِنْهَا سَبْعُ دِلَاءٍ وَ إِنْ وَقَعَتْ فِيهَا فَأْرَةٌ نُزِحَ مِنْهَا دَلْوٌ وَاحِدٌ وَ إِنْ تَفَسَّخَتْ فَسَبْعُ دِلَاءٍ
And if an ox or a camel were to fall into it, or wine is poured into it, remove the water, all of it; and if a donkey falls in it, remove a Kur (three palms cubed) of water from it; and if a dog or a cate falls in it, remove from it thirty buckets to forty buckets; and if a chicken or a bird falls in it, remove from it seven buckets; and if a mouse falls into it, remove from it one bucket, and if it were to be breathing, then seven buckets.
وَ إِنْ بَالَ فِيهَا رَجُلٌ نُزِحَ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعُونَ دَلْواً وَ إِنْ بَالَ فِيهَا صَبِيٌّ قَدْ أَكَلَ الطَّعَامَ نُزِحَ مِنْهَا ثَلَاثُ دِلَاءٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ رَضِيعاً نُزِحَ مِنْهَا دَلْوٌ وَاحِدٌ وَ إِنْ وَقَعَتْ فِيهَا عَذِرَةٌ اسْتُقِيَ مِنْهَا عَشَرَةُ دِلَاءٍ فَإِنْ ذَابَتْ فِيهَا فَأَرْبَعُونَ دَلْواً إِلَى خَمْسِينَ دَلْواً.
And if a man were to urinate in it, remove forty buckets from it; and if a young boy urinates in it, and he has eaten the food, remove three buckets from it; and if he were to be breastfeeding, remove one bucket from it; and if faeces were to fall in it, draw ten buckets from it. If it has melted in it, then forty buckets to fifty buckets’’.[47]
باب 5 البعد بين البئر و البالوعة
CHAPTER 5 – THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE WELL AND THE CESSPOOL
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الطَّيَالِسِيِّ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْبِئْرِ يَتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا الْقَوْمُ وَ إِلَى جَانِبِهَا بَالُوعَةٌ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا عَشَرَةُ أَذْرُعٍ وَ كَانَتِ الْبِئْرُ الَّتِي يَسْتَقُونَ مِنْهَا يَلِي الْوَادِيَ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Tayalisy, from Al A’ala,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the well a group performs Wud’u from it, and there is a cesspool by its side. He-asws said: ‘If there were to be ten cubits between the two, and the between which is being quenched from follows (next to) the valley, there is no problem’’.[48]
الْكُلَيْنِيُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالُوا قُلْنَا لَهُ ع بِئْرٌ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا يَجْرِي الْبَوْلُ قَرِيباً مِنْهَا أَ يُنَجِّسُهَا
(The book) ‘Al Kulayni’ – from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareez, from Zurara, and Muhammad Bin Muslim and Abu Baseer, ‘They said,
‘We said to him-asws, ‘There is a well we are performing Wud’u from it, the urine flows nearby from it. Does it dirty it?’
قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتِ الْبِئْرُ فِي أَعْلَى الْوَادِي يَجْرِي فِيهِ الْبَوْلُ مِنْ تَحْتِهَا وَ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا قَدْرُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَذْرُعٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةِ أَذْرُعٍ لَمْ يُنَجِّسْ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ نَجَّسَهَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘If the well were to be at the top of the valley, the urine is flowing from beneath it, and there were to be between the two a measurement (distance) of three cubit or four cubits, that will not dirty it by anything; and if it were to be less than that, it will dirty it.
وَ إِنْ كَانَتِ الْبِئْرُ فِي أَسْفَلِ الْوَادِي وَ يَمُرُّ الْمَاءُ عَلَيْهَا وَ كَانَ بَيْنَ الْبِئْرِ وَ بَيْنَهُ تِسْعَةُ أَذْرُعٍ لَمْ يُنَجِّسْهَا وَ مَا كَانَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ
And if the well were to be at the bottom of the valley and the water passes over it, and there were to be between the well and it (a distance of) nine cubits, it will not dirty, and whatever were to be less than that, do not perform Wud’u from it’.
قَالَ زُرَارَةُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَجْرَى الْبَوْلِ بِلِزْقِهَا وَ كَانَ لَا يَلْبَثُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ
Zurara said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Supposing the flow of urine were to stick to it, and not remain upon the ground?’
فَقَالَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ قَرَارٌ فَلَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ وَ إِنِ اسْتَقَرَّ مِنْهُ قَلِيلٌ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَثْقُبُ الْأَرْضَ وَ لَا قَعْرَ لَهُ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْبِئْرَ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الْبِئْرِ مِنْهُ بَأْسٌ فَيُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ إِذَا اسْتَنْقَعَ كُلُّهُ.
He-asws said: ‘What does not happen to have any settlement for it, there isn’t any problem with it, and if a little from it were to settle, it does not go into the ground, and there is no bottom for it until it reaches the well, and there isn’t any problem upon the well from it. Perform Wud’u from it. But rather that is when all of it is wet’’.[49]
باب 6 حكم ماء الحمام
CHAPTER 6 – RULING OF WATER OF THE BATHHOUSE
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، لِلْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ وَ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَنَانٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا يَقُولُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي أَدْخُلُ الْحَمَّامَ فِي السَّحَرِ وَ فِيهِ الْجُنُبُ وَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ فَأَقُومُ فَأَغْتَسِلُ فَيَنْتَضِحُ عَلَيَّ بَعْدَ مَا أَفْرُغُ مِنْ مَائِهِمْ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ of Al Himeyri – from Muhammad Bin Abdul Hameed, and Abdul Al Samad Bin Muhammad Bin Hanan who said,
‘I heard a man saying to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘I enter the bathhouse at pre-dawn and in it is the sexual impurity and other than that. I stand and wash. It becomes clear to me after having been freed from their water’.
قَالَ أَ لَيْسَ هُوَ جَارٍ
‘He-asws said: ‘Isn’t it flowing?’
قُلْتُ بَلَى
I said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it’’.[50]
2- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع قَالَ: ابْتَدَأَنِي فَقَالَ مَاءُ الْحَمَّامِ لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Salih Bin Abdullah, from Ismail Bin Jabir,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st, he (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws initiated me. He-asws said: ‘Water of the bathhouse, nothing dirties it’’.[51]
3- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا ع، إِنِ اغْتَسَلْتَ مِنْ مَاءِ الْحَمَّامِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَكَ مَا تَغْرِفُ بِهِ وَ يَدَاكَ قَذِرَتَانِ فَاضْرِبْ يَدَكَ فِي الْمَاءِ وَ قُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ هَذَا مِمَّا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ ما جَعَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – If you were to wash from water of the bathhouse and there does not happen to be with you what you can scoop with, and both your hands are dirty, then strike your hand in the water and say, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj!’ And this is from what Allah‑azwj Blessed and Exalted has Said: He did not Make any hardship upon you in the Religion [22:78].
وَ إِنِ اجْتَمَعَ مُسْلِمٌ مَعَ ذِمِّيٍّ فِي الْحَمَّامِ اغْتَسَلَ الْمُسْلِمُ مِنَ الْحَوْضِ قَبْلَ الذِّمِّيِّ وَ مَاءُ الْحَمَّامِ سَبِيلُهُ سَبِيلُ الْمَاءِ الْجَارِي إِذَا كَانَتْ لَهُ مَادَّةٌ.
And if a Muslim were to gather with a Zimmy in the bathhouse, the Muslim should wash from the fountain before the Zimmy does; and water of the bathhouse, its way is way of the flowing water, where there were to be a substance for it’’.[52]
4- الْهِدَايَةُ، وَ مَاءُ الْحَمَّامِ سَبِيلُهُ سَبِيلُ الْمَاءِ الْجَارِي إِذَا كَانَتْ لَهُ مَادَّةٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘And water of the bathhouse, its way is way of the flowing water, when there were to be a substance for it’’.[53]
5- الْمَكَارِمُ، عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: مَاءُ الْحَمَّامِ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا كَانَ لَهُ مَادَّةٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Makarim’ –
‘From Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘Water of the bathhouse, there is no problem with it, when there were to be a substance for it’’.[54]
دَاوُدُ بْنُ سِرْحَانَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي مَاءِ الْحَمَّامِ
Dawood Bin Sirhan said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What are you-asws saying regarding water of the bathhouse?’
قَالَ هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمَاءِ الْجَارِي.
He-asws said: ‘It is as the status of the flowing water’’.[55]
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْحَمَّامُ يَغْتَسِلُ فِيهِ الْجُنُبُ وَ غَيْرُهُ أَغْتَسِلُ مِنْ مَائِهِ
Muhammad Bin Muslim said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The bathhouse, there bathe in it, the one with the sexual impurity, and others. Can I wash from its water?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ مِنْهُ الْجُنُبُ وَ لَقَدِ اغْتَسَلْتُ فِيهِ ثُمَّ جِئْتُ فَغَسَلْتُ رِجْلَيَّ وَ مَا غَسَلْتُهُمَا إِلَّا مِمَّا لَزِقَ بِهِمَا مِنَ التُّرَابِ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes, there is no problem, if the one with the sexual impurity were to wash from it, and I-asws have washed in it, then I-asws came and washed my-asws feet, and I-asws did not wash them except from what soil had stuck with them’’.[56]
وَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ الْبَاقِرَ ع يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْحَمَّامِ فَيَمْضِي كَمَا هُوَ لَا يَغْسِلُ رِجْلَهُ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَ.
And from Zurara who said,
‘I saw Al-Baqir-asws emerging from the bathhouse. He-asws continued like what he-asws was, not washing his-asws legs, until he-asws prayed Salat’’.[57]
6- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي حَدِيثٍ قَالَ: وَ إِيَّاكَ أَنْ تَغْتَسِلَ مِنْ غُسَالَةِ الْحَمَّامِ فَفِيهَا تَجْتَمِعُ غُسَالَةُ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ وَ النَّاصِبِ لَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ هُوَ شَرُّهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَخْلُقْ خَلْقاً أَنْجَسَ مِنَ الْكَلْبِ وَ إِنَّ النَّاصِبَ لَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ لَأَنْجَسُ مِنْهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Fazzal, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali, from Abdullah Bin Bukeyr, from Abdullah Bin Abu Yafour,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws in a Hadeeth, said: ‘And beware of washing from the washer (washpool) of the bathhouse, for therein is gathered washing of the Jews, and the Christians, and the Magians, and the ones hostiles to us-asws, People-asws of the Household, and he is their evilest, for Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted did not Create any creature filthier than the dog, and the Nasibi (hostile one) to us-asws People-asws of the Household, is filthier than it’’.[58]
كَقَوْلِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي خَبَرِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ لَا تَغْتَسِلْ فِي الْبِئْرِ الَّتِي تَجْتَمِعُ فِيهَا غُسَالَةُ الْحَمَّامِ فَإِنَّ فِيهَا غُسَالَةَ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا وَ هُوَ لَا يَطْهُرُ إِلَى سِتَّةِ آبَاءٍ وَ فِيهَا غُسَالَةُ النَّاصِبِ وَ هُوَ شَرُّهُمَا.
Like words of Abu Abdullah-asws in a Hadeeth by Ibn Abu Yafour: ‘Do not wash in the well in which is gather washing of the bathhouse, for therein is washing of the son of adultery (bastard), and he is not clean upon to seven fathers (generations), and in it is washing of the Nasibi (hostile one), and he is eviler of the two’’.[59]
وَ كَقَوْلِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع لَا تَغْتَسِلْ مِنَ الْبِئْرِ الَّتِي تَجْتَمِعُ فِيهَا مَاءُ الْحَمَّامِ فَإِنَّهُ يَسِيلُ فِيهَا مَا يَغْتَسِلُ بِهِ الْجُنُبُ وَ وَلَدُ الزِّنَا وَ النَّاصِبُ لَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ هُوَ شَرُّهُمْ.
And like words of Abu Al-Hassan-asws: ‘Do not wash from the well in which gathers water of the bathhouse, for it flows in it what has been washed by the one with sexual impurity, and son of adultery (bastard), and the Nasibi (hostile one) to us-asws People-asws of the Household, and he is their evilest’’.[60]
باب 7 المضاف و أحكامه
CHAPTER 7 – THE ADDITIVE AND ITS RULING
1- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، كُلُّ مَاءٍ مُضَافٍ أَوْ مُضَافٍ إِلَيْهِ فَلَا يَجُوزُ التَّطْهِيرُ بِهِ وَ يَجُوزُ شُرْبُهُ مِثْلُ مَاءِ الْوَرْدِ وَ مَاءِ الْقَرْعِ وَ مِيَاهِ الرَّيَاحِينِ وَ الْعَصِيرِ وَ الْخَلِّ وَ مِثْلُ مَاءِ الْبَاقِلَّى وَ مَاءِ الْخَلُوقِ وَ غَيْرِهِ مِمَّا يُشْبِهُهَا وَ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ لَا يَجُوزُ اسْتِعْمَالُهَا إِلَّا الْمَاءَ الْقَرَاحَ أَوِ التُّرَابَ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ –
‘All mixed water of something is added to it, the purification is not allowed with it, and it is allowed to drink it, like the rose water, and the pumpkin water, and waters of the basils and the juices, and the vinegar, of like water of the beans, and the refined water, and other such from what resembles it; and all that is not allowed to use it except water of the desert or the ground’’.[61]
Explanatory notes (Ahadeeth only) –
بيان: رَوَى الشَّيْخُ فِي الْمُوَثَّقِ عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: لَا يُغْسَلُ بِالْبُزَاقِ شَيْءٌ غَيْرُ الدَّمِ.
It is reported by the sheykh in ‘Al-Muwassiq’, from Giyas Bin Ibrahim, ‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Nothing can be washed by the saliva apart from the blood’’.
وَ بِسَنَدٍ آخَرَ عَنْ غِيَاثٍ أَيْضاً عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُغْسَلَ الدَّمُ بِالْبُصَاقِ.
And by another chain from Giyas as well, ‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘There is no problem with washing the blood with the saliva’’.
2- الْهِدَايَةُ، لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُتَوَضَّأَ بِمَاءِ الْوَرْدِ لِلصَّلَاةِ وَ يُغْتَسَلَ بِهِ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘There is no problem if washing with the rose water for the Salat, and washing with it from the sexual impurity’’.[62]
أبواب الأسئار و بيان أقسام النجاسات و أحكامها
CHAPTERS ON UNCLEANNESS AND EXPLANATION OF TYPES OF IMPURITIES AND THEIR RULINGS
باب 1 أسئار الكفار و بيان نجاستهم و حكم ما لاقوه
Chapter 1 – Uncleanness of the Kafirs and explanation of their impurity and ruling of what encounters it
الآيات
The Verses
المائدة وَ طَعامُ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتابَ حِلٌّ لَكُمْ
(Surah) Al Ma’aida: and the food of those Given the Book is Permissible for you, [5:5].
التوبة إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرامَ بَعْدَ عامِهِمْ هذا
(Surah) Al Tawba: O you who believe! But rather, the Polytheists are unclean, therefore they should not go near the Sacred Masjid after this year of theirs; [9:28]
و قال تعالى فَأَعْرِضُوا عَنْهُمْ إِنَّهُمْ رِجْسٌ
And the Exalted Said: so do turn aside from them; surely they are unclean [9:95].
التفسير ربما يستدل بالآية الأولى على طهارة أهل الكتاب و حل ذبائحهم. وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ مَخْصُوصٌ بِالْحُبُوبِ وَ مَا لَا يَحْتَاجُ فِيهِ إِلَى التَّذْكِيَةِ.
Tafseer (Abridged) – ‘Perhaps the first Verse (5:5) evidence’s upon the cleanliness of people of the Book and permissibility of their slaughters. And it is reported by Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘It is particularly for the cereals and what is not needy to the purification’’.
1- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ لَا بَأْسَ بِكَوَامِيخِ الْمَجُوسِ وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِصَيْدِهِمْ لِلسَّمَكِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Al Washa, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘There is no problems with ‘Kawameekh’ of the Magian, nor is there any problem with their catching of the fish’’.[63]
بيان: الظاهر أن المراد بالكواميخ ما يعملونه من السمك و يمكن حمله على ما إذا علم إخراجهم له من الماء و لم يعلم ملاقاتهم و إن بعد.
Explanation – The apparent is that the intended with ‘Kawameekh’ is what they are doing from the fish, and it is possible to carry it upon what, when it is known of their extracting it from the water and it is not known of their preparation, and even though it is far-fetched.
2- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ طَعامُ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتابَ حِلٌّ لَكُمْ قَالَ الْحُبُوبُ وَ الْبُقُولُ.
And from him, from his father and someone else, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abu Al Jaroud who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about Words of Mighty and Majestic: and the food of those Given the Book is Permissible for you, [5:5]. He-asws said: ‘The cereals and the vegetables’’.[64]
3- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ طَعَامِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ مَا يَحِلُّ مِنْهُ قَالَ الْحُبُوبُ.
And from him, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Marwan, from Sama’at who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about food of people of the Book, ‘What is Permissible from it?’ He‑asws said: ‘The cereals’’.[65]
4- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ طَلْحَةَ قَالا قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا تَأْكُلْ مِنْ ذَبِيحَةِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ لَا تَأْكُلْ فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ.
And from him, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Ismail Bin Jabir, and Abdullah Bin Talha who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Neither eat slaughter of the Jews and nor eat in their utensils!’’[66]
5- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي آنِيَةِ الْمَجُوسِ قَالَ إِذَا اضْطُرِرْتُمْ إِلَيْهَا فَاغْسِلُوهَا بِالْمَاءِ.
And from him, from Al Yaqteeny, from Safwan, from Musa Bin Bakr, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding utensils of the Magians. He-asws said: ‘When you are desperate to these, then wash these with water (first)’’.[67]
6- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ ابْنِ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَانَ لَا يَرَى بِالصَّلَاةِ بَأْساً فِي الثَّوْبِ الَّذِي يُشْتَرَى مِنَ النَّصَارَى وَ الْمَجُوسِ وَ الْيَهُودِيِّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُغْسَلَ يَعْنِي الثِّيَابَ الَّتِي تَكُونُ فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ فَيَجْتَنِبُونَهَا « فيحبسونها» وَ لَيْسَتْ بِثِيَابِهِمُ الَّتِي يَلْبَسُونَهَا.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Ibn Tareyf, from Ibn Ulwan,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his father-asws: ‘Ali-asws did not see any problem with (praying) the Salat in a cloth which he-asws had bought from the Christians, and the Magians, and the Jews, before he-asws washed, meaning the cloth which happened to be in their hands, so withhold these, and it isn’t the clothes which they are wearing’’.[68]
وَ مِنْهُ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: كُلُوا طَعَامَ الْمَجُوسِ كُلَّهُ مَا خَلَا ذَبَائِحَهُمْ فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَحِلُّ وَ إِنْ ذُكِرَ اسْمُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهَا.
And from him, by this chain,
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘Eat food of the Magians, all of it, apart from their slaughterers, for these are not Permissible, and even if they were to mention a Name of Allah-azwj the Exalted upon it’’.[69]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي ثَوْباً مِنَ السُّوقِ وَ لَبِيساً لَا يَدْرِي لِمَنْ كَانَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ
And from him, from Abdullah Bin Hassan Al Alawy, from his grandfather,
‘Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man who buys a (second-hand) cloth from the market and dress. He does not know who it had been for before. ‘Is the Salat correct for him in it?’
قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ اشْتَرَاهُ مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ فِيهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ اشْتَرَاهُ مِنْ نَصْرَانِيٍّ فَلَا يُصَلِّي فِيهِ حَتَّى يَغْسِلَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘If he had bought it from a Muslim, then let him pray Salat in it, and if he had bought is from a Christian, he should not pray Salat in it until he washes it’’.[70]
بيان لِرِوَايةِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّ سِنَاناً أَتَاهُ سَأَلَهُ فِي الذِّمِّيِّ يُعِيرُهُ الثَّوْبَ وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ وَ يَأْكُلُ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَ يَرُدُّهُ عَلَيْهِ أَ يَغْسِلُهُ
Explanation (Hadeeth only) – A report by Abdullah Bin Sinan, from Al-Sadiq-asws, Sinan had come to him-asws to ask him-asws regarding the Zimmy who had borrowed the clothes, and he knew that he (Zimmy) drank, and eating the pig meat, and returned it to him, should he wash it?
قَالَ ع صَلِّ فِيهِ وَ لَا تَغْسِلْهُ فَإِنَّكَ أَعَرْتَهُ وَ هُوَ طَاهِرٌ وَ لَمْ تَسْتَيْقِنْ أَنَّهُ تنجسه [نَجَّسَهُ] فَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَسْتَيْقِنَ أَنَّهُ نَجَّسَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘He can pray Salat in it and he had lent it and it was clean, and he is not certain that it is unclean. So there is no problem in your praying Salat in it until you are certain that it is unclean’’.
7- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمَةِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُسْلِمِ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مَعَ الْمَجُوسِ فِي قَصْعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ أَوْ يَقْعُدَ مَعَهُ عَلَى فِرَاشٍ أَوْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ أَوْ يُصَاحِبَهُ قَالَ لَا
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his-asws brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), said, ‘I asked him-asws about the Muslim eating with the Magian in one bowl, or he sits with him upon a bed, or in the Masjid, or accompanies him. He-asws said: ‘No’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ثِيَابِ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى يَنَامُ عَلَيْهَا الْمُسْلِمُ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about clothes of the Jews and the Christian, the Muslim sleeps upon these. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem’’.[71]
8- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْكَاهِلِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْمٍ مُسْلِمِينَ حَضَرَهُمْ رَجُلٌ مَجُوسِيٌّ يَدْعُونَهُ إِلَى طَعَامِهِمْ قَالَ أَمَّا أَنَا فَلَا أُؤَاكِلُ الْمَجُوسِيَّ وَ أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أُحَرِّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ شَيْئاً تَصْنَعُونَهُ فِي بِلَادِكُمْ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Abu Al Qasim Abdul Rahman Bin Hammad, from Safwan, from Abdullah Bin Yahya Al Kahily who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about a group of Muslims, a Magian man presented. They invited him to their meal. He-asws said: ‘As for me-asws, I-asws do eat with the Magians, and I-asws dislike forbidding upon you all anything you are doing in their cities’’.[72]
9- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مُؤَاكَلَةِ الْمَجُوسِيِّ فِي قَصْعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ أَوْ أَرْقُدَ مَعَهُ عَلَى فِرَاشٍ وَاحِدٍ أَوْ فِي مَجْلِسٍ وَاحِدٍ أَوْ أُصَافِحَهُ فَقَالَ لَا.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Ibn Asbaat,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from Abu Ibrahim-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about eating with the Magian in one bowl, or lying with him upon one bed, or in one seat, or hosting him. He-asws said: ‘No’’.[73]
10- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ خَارِجَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي أُخَالِطُ الْمَجُوسَ فَآكُلُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِمْ قَالَ لَا.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Ismail Bin Mihran, from Muhammad Bin Ziyad, from Ibn Jariya who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘I mingle with the Magian. Can I eat from their food?’ He-asws said: ‘No’’.[74]
11- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ الْعِيصِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مُؤَاكَلَةِ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى وَ الْمَجُوسِ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَكَلُوا مِنْ طَعَامِكَ وَ تَوَضَّئُوا فَلَا بَأْسَ.
And from him, from his father, from Safwan, from Al Ays who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about having meals with the Jews, and the Christians, and the Magians. He-asws said: ‘When they eat from your food and wash (their hands), there is no problem’’.[75]
12- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ وَ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ نَصْرَانِيّاً فَأَسْلَمْتُ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي عَلَى النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ فَأَكُونُ مَعَهُمْ فِي بَيْتٍ وَاحِدٍ فَآكُلُ فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Ali Bin Al Hakam, and Muawiya Bin Wahb, altogether from Zakariya Bin Ibrahim who said,
‘I was a Christian, and I became a Muslim. I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘My family members are upon the Christianity, so I happen to be with them in one room and eat in their utensils’.
فَقَالَ لِي يَأْكُلُونَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ
He-asws said to me: ‘Are they eating the pig meat?’
قُلْتُ لَا
I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem’’.[76]
13- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ الْعِيصِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مُؤَاكَلَةِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ فَآكُلُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِمْ
And from him, from his father, from Safwan, from Al Ays who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about meals of the Jews, and the Christians, and the Magians, ‘Can I eat from their meals?’
قَالَ لَا.
He-asws said: ‘No’’.[77]
14- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ آنِيَةِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ فَقَالَ لَا تَأْكُلُوا فِيهَا إِذَا كَانُوا يَأْكُلُونَ فِيهَا الْمَيْتَةَ وَ الدَّمَ وَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ.
And from him, from a number of our companions, from Al A’ala, from Muhammad who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about utensils of the Zimmy people. He-asws said: ‘Do not eat in these when they have been the dead, and the blood, and the pig meat in these’’.[78]
15- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ آنِيَةِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ وَ الْمَجُوسِ فَقَالَ لَا تَأْكُلْ فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ وَ لَا مِنْ طَعَامِهِمُ الَّذِي يَطْبُخُونَ وَ لَا مِنْ آنِيَتِهِمُ الَّتِي يَشْرَبُونَ فِيهَا الْخَمْرَ.
And from him, ‘From Ibn Mahboub, from Al’ala, from Muhammad who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about utensils of the Zimmy people and the Magians. He-asws said: ‘Neither eat from their utensils nor from their meals which they have cooked, nor from their utensils which they drink the wine in’’.[79]
16- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي طَعَامِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ فَقَالَ لَا تَأْكُلْهُ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ هُنَيَّةً ثُمَّ قَالَ لَا تَأْكُلْهُ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ هُنَيَّةً ثُمَّ قَالَ لَا تَأْكُلْهُ وَ لَا تَتْرُكْهُ تَقُولُ إِنَّهُ حَرَامٌ وَ لَكِنْ تَتْرُكُهُ تَنَزُّهاً عَنْهُ إِنَّ فِي آنِيَتِهِمُ الْخَمْرَ وَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ.
And from him, from his father, from Safwan, from Ismail Bin Jabir who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws regarding meals of people of the Book. He-asws said: ‘Do not eat it!’ Then he-asws was silent for a while, then said: ‘Do not eat it!’ Then he-asws was silent for a while, then said: ‘Neither eat it nor leave it saying it is prohibited, but leave it walking away from it. In their utensil have been the wine and the pig meat’’.[80]
17- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ أَ نَأْكُلُ فِي إِنَائِهِمْ إِذَا كَانُوا يَأْكُلُونَ الْمَيْتَةَ وَ الْخِنْزِيرَ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the Zimmy people, ‘Can we eat in their utensils when they had been eating the dead and the pig?’
قَالَ لَا وَ لَا فِي آنِيَةِ الذَّهَبِ وَ الْفِضَّةِ
He-asws said: ‘No, nor in a utensil of gold and silver’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ يُدْخِلُ يَدَهُ فِي الْمَاءِ أَ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ لِلصَّلَاةِ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the Jew and the Christian inserting his hand in the water, ‘Can one perform Wud’u from it for the Salat?’
قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يُضْطَرَّ إِلَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘No, except if he is desperate to it’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْيَهُودِيِّ يَغْتَسِلُ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي الْحَمَّامِ قَالَ إِذَا عُلِمَ أَنَّهُ نَصْرَانِيٌّ اغْتَسَلَ بِغَيْرِ مَاءِ الْحَمَّامِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ وَحْدَهُ عَلَى الْحَوْضِ فَيَغْسِلُهُ ثُمَّ يَغْتَسِلُ
And I asked him-asws about the Christian and the Jew bathing with the Muslims in the bathhouse. He-asws said: ‘When it is known that he is a Christian, he should wash with other than water of the bathhouse, except if he is washing along at the fountain, so he has bathed, then he should bathe’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ يَشْرَبُ مَعَ الدَّوْرَقِ أَ يَشْرَبُ مِنْهُ الْمُسْلِمُ
And I ask him-asws about the Jew and the Christian drinking with the jug, ‘Can the Muslim drink from it?’
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem?’
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى بَوَارِيِّ النَّصَارَى وَ الْيَهُودِ الَّتِي يَقْعُدُونَ عَلَيْهَا فِي بُيُوتِهِمْ أَ يَصْلُحُ
And I asked him-asws about of the Salat upon burial grounds of the Christians and the Jews which they are sitting upon in their houses, ‘Is it correct?’
قَالَ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا.
He-asws said: ‘Do not pray Salat upon it’’.[81]
18- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، سُئِلَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ع عَنْ ثِيَابِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يُصَلَّى فِيهَا قَالَ لَا
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws was asked about clothes of the Polytheists, Salat being prayed in it. He-asws said: ‘No’.
وَ رَخَّصُوا ع فِي الصَّلَاةِ فِي الثِّيَابِ الَّتِي تَعْمَلُهَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ مَا لَمْ يَلْبَسُوهَا أَوْ تَظْهَرْ فِيهَا نَجَاسَةٌ.
And he-asws allowed regarding the Salat regarding the clothes which the Polytheists make, what they do not wear, or any uncleanness appearing in it’’.[82]
19- الْهِدَايَةُ، لَا يَجُوزُ الْوُضُوءُ بِسُؤْرِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا وَ الْمُشْرِكِ وَ كُلِّ مَنْ خَالَفَ الْإِسْلَامَ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘The Wud’u is not allowed in remnants of the Jews and the Christians, and bastards, and every one opposing Al-Islam’’.[83]
20- الْخَرَائِجُ، رُوِيَ أَنَّ يَهُودِيّاً قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً ص قَالَ إِنَّ فِي كُلِّ رُمَّانَةٍ حَبَّةً مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ أَنَا كَسَرْتُ وَاحِدَةً وَ أَكَلْتُهَا كُلَّهَا
(The book) ‘Al-Kharaij’ –
‘It is reported that a Jew said to Ali-asws, ‘Muhammad-saww had said there in every pomegranate there is a seed from the Paradise, and I broke one and have eaten all of it’.
فَقَالَ ع صَدَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ ضَرَبَ يَدَهُ عَلَى لِحْيَتِهِ فَوَقَعَتْ حَبَّةٌ فَتَنَاوَلَهَا ع وَ أَكَلَهَا وَ قَالَ لَمْ يَأْكُلْهَا الْكَافِرُ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ.
He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww spoke the truth’, and he-asws struck his-asws hand upon his beard and a (pomegranate) seed fell, and he-asws ate it and said: ‘The Kafir will not eat it, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj’’.[84]
باب 2 سؤر الكلب و الخنزير و السنور و الفأرة و أنواع السباع و حكم ما لاقته رطبا أو يابسا
CHAPTER 2 – IMPURITIES OF THE DOG, AND THE PIG, AND THE CAT, AND THE MOUSE, AND TYPES OF WILD ANIMALS, AND RULING OF WHAT IS ENCOUNTERED, WET AND DRY
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ خِنْزِيرٍ أَصَابَ ثَوْباً وَ هُوَ جَافٌّ أَ تَصْلُحُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُغْسَلَ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Abdullah Bin Al Hassan, from his grandfather,
‘Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about a pig hitting a cloth and it is dry, ‘Is the Salat correct in it before it is washed?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ يَنْضِحُهُ بِالْمَاءِ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes, he should sprinkle it with the water, then he can pray Salat in it’’.[85]
2- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع تَنَزَّهُوا مِنْ قُرْبِ الْكِلَابِ فَمَنْ أَصَابَ الْكَلْبَ وَ هُوَ رَطْبٌ فَلْيَغْسِلْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ جَافّاً فَلْيَنْضِحْ ثَوْبَهُ بِالْمَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Isa Al Yaqteeny, from Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from his grandfather, from Al Hassan Bin Rashid, from Abu Baseer and Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Walk away from nearness of the dogs. Then one whom the dog touches and it is wet, let him wash it (clothes), and if it were dry, then let him sprinkle his cloth with water’’.[86]
3- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، إِنْ وَقَعَ كَلْبٌ فِي الْمَاءِ أَوْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ أُهَرِيقَ الْمَاءُ وَ غُسِلَ الْإِنَاءُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ مَرَّةً بِالتُّرَابِ وَ مَرَّتَيْنِ بِالْمَاءِ ثُمَّ يُجَفَّفُ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza’ – ‘If a dog falls in the water or drinks from it, the water should be spilt and the utensil washed three times – once with the soil, and twice with the water, then dried’’.[87]
4- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ وَقَعَ ثَوْبُهُ عَلَى كَلْبٍ مَيْتٍ قَالَ يَنْضِحُهُ بِالْمَاءِ وَ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ وَ لَا بَأْسَ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Abdullah Bin Al Hassan, from his grandfather,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his father-asws Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man whose clothes fall upon a dead dog. He-asws said: ‘He should sprinkle it with water and pray Salat in it, and there is no problem’’.[88]
5- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَصَابَ ثَوْبَهُ خِنْزِيرٌ فَذَكَرَ وَ هُوَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ قَالَ فَلْيَمْضِ فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَلْيَنْضِحْ مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ ثَوْبِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِ أَثَرٌ فَيَغْسِلُهُ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – By the preceding chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about a man whose clothes touched a pig. He remembered when he was in his Salat. He-asws said: ‘Let him continue, there is no problem, and if he had not entered into his Salat, then let him sprinkle what had been touched from his clothes, except if there happen to be any traces, so he has to wash it’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْكَلْبِ وَ الْفَأْرَةِ إِذَا أَكَلَا مِنَ الْجُبُنِّ أَوِ السَّمْنِ أَ يُؤْكَلُ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the dog and the mouse when they eat from the cheese or the butter, ‘Can one eat it?’
قَالَ يُطْرَحُ مَا شَمَّاهُ وَ يُؤْكَلُ مَا بَقِيَ.
He-asws said: ‘Drop what has been smelt and eat what remains’’.[89]
6- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، بِالسَّنَدِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْفَأْرَةِ وَ الْكَلْبِ إِذَا أَكَلَا مِنَ الْخُبْزِ وَ شِبْهِهِ أَ يَحِلُّ أَكْلُهُ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the mouse and the dog, when they eat from the bread and its like, ‘Is it Permissible to eat it?’
قَالَ يُطْرَحُ مِنْهُ مَا أَكَلَ وَ يُؤْكَلُ الْبَاقِي.
He-asws said: ‘Drop from it what is eaten, and eat what remains’’.[90]
7- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْكَلْبِ وَ الْفَأْرَةِ يَأْكُلَانِ مِنَ الْخُبْزِ أَوْ يَشَمَّانِهِ قَالَ يُنْزَعُ ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعُ الَّذِي أَكَلَا مِنْهُ أَوْ شَمَّاهُ وَ يُؤْكَلُ سَائِرُهُ.
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, he-asws was asked about the dog and the mouse eating from the bread or smelling it. He-asws said: ‘Remove that place which it has eaten from or smelt it, and rest of it can be eaten’’.[91]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ رَخَّصَ فِيمَا أَكَلَ أَوْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ السِّنَّوْرُ.
And from Abu Ja’far-asws, may the Salawaat and the greeting be upon him-asws, he-asws had allowed regarding what the cat had eaten or drunk from’’.[92]
8- الْهِدَايَةُ، فَأَمَّا الْمَاءُ الْآجِنُ وَ الَّذِي قَدْ وَلَغَ فِيهِ الْكَلْبُ وَ السِّنَّوْرُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُتَوَضَّأَ مِنْهُ وَ يُغْتَسَلَ إِلَّا أَنْ يُوجَدَ غَيْرُهُ فَيُتَنَزَّهُ عَنْهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘As for the putrid water and which the dog and the cat have lapped from, there is no problem if one performs Wud’u from it, and he can wash except if something else is found in it, so he should remove it from it’’.[93]
9- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ بِسُؤْرِ الْفَأْرِ أَنْ يُشْرَبَ مِنْهُ وَ يُتَوَضَّأَ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakjtary,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘There is no problem with remnants of the mouse to be drunk from and Wud’u performed’’.[94]
10- وَ مِنْهُ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْفَأْرَةِ وَقَعَتْ فِي حُبِّ دُهْنٍ فَأُخْرِجَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَمُوتَ أَ يَبِيعُهُ مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ
And from him, by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the mouse falling into a container of oil, so it is extracted before it dies, ‘Can I sell it to a Muslim?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ يَدَّهِنُ بِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes, and oil with it’’.[95]
11- وَ مِنْهُ، وَ مِنْ كِتَابِ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِمَا عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ فَأْرَةٍ أَوْ كَلْبٍ شَرِبَا مِنْ زَيْتٍ أَوْ سَمْنٍ أَوْ لَبَنٍ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ جَرَّةً أَوْ نَحْوَهَا فَلَا يَأْكُلْهُ وَ لَكِنْ يَنْتَفِعُ بِهِ بِسِرَاجٍ أَوْ نَحْوِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِأَكْلِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ صَاحِبُهُ مُوسِراً يَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ يُهَرِيقَهُ فَلَا يَنْتَفِعُ بِهِ فِي شَيْءٍ
And from him, and from (the book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by both their chains,
‘From Ali, from his brother-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about a mouse or a dog drinking from oil, or butter, or milk. He-asws said: ‘If it was a jar or approximate to it, do not eat it, but you can benefit by it with a lamp or such like; and if it was more than that, there is no problem with eating it except if its owner was affluent, enduring to spill it and not benefitting with it regarding anything’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْفَأْرَةِ تُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ قَالَ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنِ الْفَأْرَةُ رَطْبَةً فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ رَطْبَةً فَاغْسِلْ مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ ثَوْبِكَ وَ الْكَلْبُ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ.
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the mouse touching the clothes. He-asws said: ‘When the mouse does not happen to be wet, there is no problem, and if it were to be wet, then wash what it touched from your clothes, and with the dog similar to that’’.[96]
12- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، فِي مَنَاهِي النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ أَكْلِ سُؤْرِ الْفَأْرِ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq –
‘Among prohibitions by the Prophet-saww, he-saww had forbidden from eating left-overs of the mouse’’.[97]
13- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، وَ كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِسَنَدَيْهِمَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَسَّ ظَهْرَ سِنَّوْرٍ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْسِلَ يَدَهُ
(The books) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’, and ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by both their chains,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about a man who touches the back of a cat, ‘Is it correct for him to pray Salat before he washes his hand?’
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem’’.[98]
14- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِسَنَدِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْفَأْرَةِ تَمُوتُ فِي السَّمْنِ وَ الْعَسَلِ الْجَامِدِ أَ يَصْلُحُ أَكْلُهُ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by his chain,
‘From Ali, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the mouse dying in the butter, and the frozen honey, ‘Is it correct to eat it?’
قَالَ اطْرَحْ مَا حَوْلَ مَكَانِهَا الَّذِي مَاتَتْ فِيهِ وَ كُلْ مَا بَقِيَ وَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘Drop what is around its place which it has died in, and eat what remains, and there is no problem’’.[99]
15- نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَتَوَضَّأُ إِذْ لَاذَ بِهِ هِرُّ الْبَيْتِ وَ عَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ عَطْشَانُ فَأَصْغَى إِلَيْهِ الْإِنَاءَ حَتَّى شَرِبَ مِنْهُ الْهِرُّ وَ تَوَضَّأَ بِفَضْلِهِ.
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – by his chain,
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘While Rasool-Allah-saww was performing Wud’u when a house cat took shelter with him-asws, and Rasool-Allah-saww recognised that it was thirsty. So, He-saww dragged the utensil towards it until the cat drank from it, and he-saww performed Wud’u with its surplus’’.[100]
16- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، بِالسَّنَدِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْفَأْرَةِ الرَّطْبَةِ قَدْ وَقَعَتْ فِي الْمَاءِ تَمْشِي عَلَى الثِّيَابِ أَ تَصْلُحُ لِلصَّلَاةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُغْسَلَ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the wet mouse having falling in the water, walks upon the cloth, ‘Is it correct for the Salat before it is washed?’
قَالَ اغْسِلْ مَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ أَثَرِهَا وَ مَا لَمْ تَرَهُ فَتَنْضِحُهُ بِالْمَاءِ.
He-asws said: ‘What you see from its traces, and what you cannot see, sprinkle it with the water’’.[101]
بيان: مَا رَوَاهُ الشَّيْخُ أَيْضاً فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي ثَوْبِ الْمَجُوسِيِّ فَقَالَ يُرَشُّ بِالْمَاءِ.
Explanation (Ahadeeth only): What is reported by the sheykh in ‘Al-Saheeh’, from Al-Halby who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Salat prayed in a cloth of the Magian. He-asws said: ‘Sprinkle it with the water’’.
فَرَوَى الشَّيْخُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَبُولُ بِاللَّيْلِ فَيَحْسَبُ أَنَّ الْبَوْلَ أَصَابَهُ فَلَا يَسْتَيْقِنُ فَهَلْ يُجْزِيهِ أَنْ يَصُبَّ عَلَى ذَكَرِهِ إِذَا بَالَ وَ لَا يَتَنَشَّفُ
It is reported by the sheykh in ‘Al Saheeh’ – from Abdul Rahman Bin Al Hajjaj who said,
‘I asked Abu Ibrahim-asws about a man urinating at night, so he reckons that the urine had hit him, but he is not certain. ‘Does it suffice him to pour upon his penis when he urinates, and does not dry it?’
قَالَ يَغْسِلُ مَا اسْتَبَانَ أَنَّهُ أَصَابَهُ وَ يَنْضِحُ مَا يَشُكُّ فِيهِ مِنْ جَسَدِهِ أَوْ ثِيَابِهِ وَ يَتَنَشَّفُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَوَضَّأَ.
He-asws said: ‘He should wash what is apparent that it had hit it, and he should sprinkle upon his body what he is doubtful in, or his clothes, and he should dry before he performs Wud’u’’.
وَ فِي الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِذَا احْتَلَمَ الرَّجُلُ فَأَصَابَ ثَوْبَهُ مَنِيٌّ فَلْيَغْسِلِ الَّذِي أَصَابَهُ فَإِنْ ظَنَّ أَنَّهُ أَصَابَهُ مَنِيٌّ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَيْقِنْ وَ لَمْ يَرَ مَكَانَهُ فَلْيَنْضِحْهُ بِالْمَاءِ.
And in (the book Al Tahzeeb) – Al Hassan Bin Al Halby,
‘When the man bed-wets so semen hits his clothes, let him wash that which has been hit. If he think that semen has hit it and he is not certain, and he does not see (anything) in its place, let him sprinkle it with water’’.
وَ فِي الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَصَابَ ثَوْبَهُ جَنَابَةٌ أَوْ دَمٌ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ أَصَابَ ثَوْبَهُ جَنَابَةٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى فِيهِ وَ لَمْ يَغْسِلْهُ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُعِيدَ مَا صَلَّى وَ إِنْ كَانَ يَرَى أَنَّهُ أَصَابَهُ شَيْءٌ فَنَظَرَ فَلَمْ يَرَ شَيْئاً أَجْزَأَهُ أَنْ يَنْضِحَهُ بِالْمَاءِ.
And in (the book Al Tahzeeb) – Al Hassan, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about a man whose clothes are hit by sexual impurity, or blood. He‑asws said: ‘If it was known that sexual impurity had hit his clothes before he prayed Salat, then he prayed Salat in it and did not wash it, upon him is to repeat what he had prayed, and if it was such that he had seen that something had hit him, so he looked but could not see anything, it suffices him to sprinkle it with the water’’.
لِصَحِيحَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَذْيِ يُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ فَقَالَ يَنْضِحُهُ بِالْمَاءِ إِنْ شَاءَ وَ هِيَ مُصَرِّحَةٌ بِالاسْتِحْبَابِ.
(The book) ‘Saheeh’ of Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws), he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the seminal fluid hitting the clothes. He-asws said: ‘He can sprinkle it with the water if he so desires, and it is explicitly with the recommendation’’.
لِحَسَنَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ أَبْوَالِ الدَّوَابِّ وَ الْبِغَالِ وَ الْحَمِيرِ فَقَالَ اغْسِلْهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ مَكَانَهُ فَاغْسِلِ الثَّوْبَ كُلَّهُ فَإِنْ شَكَكْتَ فَانْضِحْهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Hisna’ of Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the urines of the riding animals, and the mules, and the donkeys. He-asws said: ‘Wash it. If you don’t know of its place, then wash the cloth, all of it. If you are doubtful, the sprinkle it’’.
لِرِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُهُ أَبْوَالُ الْبَهَائِمِ أَ يَغْسِلُهُ أَمْ لَا
A report by Abdul Rahman son of Abu Abdullah-asws who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the man being hit by urines of the beasts, ‘Should he wash it or not?’
قَالَ يَغْسِلُ بَوْلَ الْفَرَسِ وَ الْبَغْلِ وَ الْحِمَارِ وَ يَنْضِحُ بَوْلَ الْبَعِيرِ وَ الشَّاةِ.
He-asws said: ‘He should wash urine of the horse, and the mule, and the donkey, and sprinkle for the urines of the camel and the sheep’’.
لِرِوَايَةِ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْقَمِيصِ يَعْرَقُ فِيهِ الرَّجُلُ وَ هُوَ جُنُبٌ حَتَّى يَبْتَلَّ الْقَمِيصُ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَرُشَّهُ بِالْمَاءِ فَلْيَفْعَلْ.
A report by Abu Baseer who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the shirt the man sweats in, until he wets the shirt, and he is with sexual impurity. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem, and if he likes to sprinkle it with the water, let him do so’’.
لِرِوَايَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَجْنَبَ فِي ثَوْبِهِ فَيَعْرَقُ فِيهِ قَالَ لَا أَرَى بِهِ بَأْساً
A report by Ali Bin Abu Hamza who said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws was asked and I was present, about a man who is in a state of sexual impurity in his clothes, so he sweats in it. He-asws said: ‘I-asws cannot see any problem with it’.
قَالَ إِنَّهُ يَعْرَقُ حَتَّى لَوْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَعْصِرَهُ عَصَرَهُ
He said, ‘He sweats to the extent that if he so likes to squeeze, he can squeeze it’.
قَالَ فَقَطَّبَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي وَجْهِ الرَّجُلِ فَقَالَ إِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ فَشَيْءٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ فَانْضِحْهُ بِهِ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws frowned in the face of the man. He-asws said: ‘If you are refusing, then sprinkle something from the water at it!’’
رَوَاهُ الْكُلَيْنِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِ قَالَ: سَأَلَ الرِّضَا ع رَجُلٌ وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ فَقَالَ إِنَّ لِي جُرْحاً فِي مَقْعَدَتِي فَأَتَوَضَّأُ وَ أَسْتَنْجِي ثُمَّ أَجِدُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ النَّدَى الصُّفْرَةَ مِنَ الْمَقْعَدَةِ أَ فَأُعِيدُ الْوُضُوءَ
It is reported by Al Kulayni in ‘Al Saheeh’ – from Al Bazanty who said,
‘Al-Reza-asws was asked by a man while I was present. He said, ‘I have an injury in my backside. So, I perform Wud’u, and had cleansed after the toilet, then I find the yellow speck from the backside after that. Should I repeat the Wud’u?’
فَقَالَ وَ قَدْ أَنْقَيْتَ
He-asws said: ‘And you had purified?’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ رُشَّهُ بِالْمَاءِ وَ لَا تُعِدِ الْوُضُوءَ
He-asws said: ‘No, but sprinkle it with the water and there (is no need) to repeat the Wud’u’’.
باب 3 سؤر المسوخ و الجلال و آكل الجيف
CHAPTER 3 – IMPURITIES OF THE MORPHED (ANIMALS), AND THE LARGE, AND EATER OF THE CARCASS
1- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: الْمُسُوخُ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ الْفِيلُ وَ الدُّبُّ وَ الْأَرْنَبُ وَ الْعَقْرَبُ وَ الضَّبُّ وَ الْعَنْكَبُوتُ وَ الدُّعْمُوصُ وَ الْجِرِّيُّ وَ الْوَطْوَاطُ وَ الْقِرْدُ وَ الْخِنْزِيرُ وَ الزُّهَرَةُ وَ سُهَيْلٌ
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Al Asady, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Ismail Al Alawy, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Alawy,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, from his-asws father Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘The morphed (animals) are thirteen – the elephant, and the bear, and the rabbit, and the scorpion, and the lizard, and the spider, and the triop, and the eel, and the bat, and the monkey, and the pig, and the (planets) Venus and the (star) Canopus’.
قِيلَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مَا كَانَ سَبَبُ مَسْخِ هَؤُلَاءِ
It was said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! What was the cause of their morphing?’
قَالَ أَمَّا الْفِيلُ فَكَانَ رَجُلًا جَبَّاراً لُوطِيّاً لَا يَدَعُ رَطْباً وَ لَا يَابِساً وَ أَمَّا الدُّبُّ فَكَانَ رَجُلًا مُؤَنَّثاً يَدْعُو الرِّجَالَ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ أَمَّا الْأَرْنَبُ فَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةً قَذِرَةً لَا تَغْتَسِلُ مِنْ حَيْضٍ وَ لَا غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ
He-asws said: ‘As for the elephant, it was a tyrannical man, a homosexual. He did not leave any wet or dry (went to all); and as for the bear, it was an effeminate man calling the men to himself; and as for the rabbit, it was a dirty woman neither washing from menstruation nor other than that.
وَ أَمَّا الْعَقْرَبُ فَكَانَ رَجُلًا هَمَّازاً لَا يَسْلَمُ مِنْهُ أَحَدٌ وَ أَمَّا الضَّبُّ فَكَانَ رَجُلًا أَعْرَابِيّاً يَسْرِقُ الْحَاجَّ بِمِحْجَنِهِ وَ أَمَّا الْعَنْكَبُوتُ فَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةً سَحَرَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَ أَمَّا الدُّعْمُوصُ فَكَانَ رَجُلًا نَمَّاماً يَقْطَعُ بَيْنَ الْأَحِبَّةِ
And as for the scorpion, it was a man, a slanderer, no one was safe from him; and as for the lizard, it was a Bedouin man stealing from the pilgrim with his hooked stick; and as for the spider, it was a woman who had bewitched her husband; and as for the triop, it was a gossiping man cutting (relations) between the loved ones.
وَ أَمَّا الْجِرِّيُّ فَكَانَ رَجُلًا دَيُّوثاً يَجْلِبُ الرِّجَالَ عَلَى حَلَائِلِهِ وَ أَمَّا الْوَطْوَاطُ فَكَانَ رَجُلًا سَارِقاً يَسْرِقُ الرُّطَبَ مِنْ رُءُوسِ النَّخْلِ وَ أَمَّا الْقِرَدَةُ فَالْيَهُودُ اعْتَدَوْا فِي السَّبْتِ وَ أَمَّا الْخَنَازِيرُ فَالنَّصَارَى حِينَ سَأَلُوا الْمَائِدَةَ فَكَانُوا بَعْدَ نُزُولِهَا أَشَدَّ مَا كَانُوا تَكْذِيباً
And as for the eel, it was a cuckold man pulling the men to his wife; and as for the bat, it was a thieving man stealing the dates from top of the date trees; and as for the monkeys, it is the Jew who had transgressed regarding the Sabbath; and as for the pigs, it is the Christians when they asked for the meal (from the sky). After its descent, they were severer as they could be in belying.
وَ أَمَّا سُهَيْلٌ فَكَانَ رَجُلًا عَشَّاراً بِالْيَمَنِ وَ أَمَّا الزُّهَرَةُ فَإِنَّهَا كَانَتِ امْرَأَةً تُسَمَّى نَاهِيدَ وَ هِيَ الَّتِي تَقُولُ النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ افْتَتَنَ بِهَا هَارُوتُ وَ مَارُوتُ.
And as for Canopus, it was a man, a tithe collector at Al-Yemen; and as for the Venus, it was a woman call Naheed, and she is the one which the people are saying Harut and Marut had been tempted by her’’.[102]
2- وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً فِي الْعِلَلِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ زَعْلَانَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع قَالَ: الْمُسُوخُ اثْنَا عَشَرَ صِنْفاً وَ ذَكَرَ فِيهِ الزُّنْبُورَ وَ تَرَكَ الْعَنْكَبُوتَ وَ الدُّعْمُوصَ.
And it is reported as well in (the book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ismail Bin Mihran, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Za’lan,
‘From Abu Al Hassan-asws having said: ‘The morphed are twelve types’ – and he-asws mentioned in it the wasp, and left out the spider and the triop’’.[103]
3- وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً فِيهِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْوَرَّاقِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ- عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الدَّيْلَمِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع وَ ذَكَرَ فِيهِ الْخُفَّاشَ وَ الْفَأْرَةَ وَ الْبَعُوضَ وَ الْقَمْلَةَ وَ الْوَزَغَ وَ الْعَنْقَاءَ.
And it is reported as well in it, from Ali Bin Abdullah Al Warraq, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Abbad Bin Suleyman, from Muhammad Bin Suleyman Al Daylami,
‘From Al-Reza-asws – And he-asws mentioned in it the bat, and the mouse, and the mosquito, and the louse, and the gecko and the phoenix’’.[104]
4- وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً فِيهِ، وَ فِي الْمَجَالِسِ، عَنْ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: الْمُسُوخُ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ صِنْفاً مِنْهُمُ الْقِرَدَةُ وَ الْخَنَازِيرُ وَ الْخُفَّاشُ وَ الضَّبُّ وَ الدُّبُّ وَ الْفِيلُ وَ الدُّعْمُوصُ وَ الْجِرِّيثُ وَ الْعَقْرَبُ وَ سُهَيْلٌ وَ قُنْفُذٌ وَ الزُّهَرَةُ وَ الْعَنْكَبُوتُ.
And it is reported as well in it, and in ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn Bin Al Khatta, from Ali Bin Asbat,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from Mugheira, from Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘The morphed from the children of Adam-as are thirteen types. From them are the monkeys, and the pigs, and the bats, and the lizards, and the bears, and the elephants, and the triops, and the eels, and the scorpions, and (the star) Canopus, and hedgehogs, and (the planet) Venus, and the spider’’.[105]
5- وَ فِي الْبَصَائِرِ، وَ الْإِخْتِصَاصِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ كَرَّامٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ طَلْحَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْوَزَغِ فَقَالَ هُوَ رِجْسٌ وَ هُوَ مَسْخٌ فَإِذَا قَتَلْتَهُ فَاغْتَسِلْ.
And in ‘Al Basaair’, and ‘Al Ikhtisas’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Karram, from Abdullah Bin Talha who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the gecko. He-asws said: ‘It is unclean, and it is morphed. When you kill it, then wash’’.[106]
باب 4 سؤر العظاية و الحية و الوزغ و أشباهها مما ليست له نفس سائلة
CHAPTER 4 – IMPURITIES OF THE LIZARDS, AND THE SNAKES, AND THE GECKOS, AND THEIR LIKES FROM WHAT DOESN’T HAVE ANY FLOWING BREATHING FOR IT
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، وَ كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادَيْنِ الْمُتَقَدِّمَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْعَظَايَةِ وَ الْحَيَّةِ وَ الْوَزَغَةِ تَقَعُ فِي الْمَاءِ فَلَا تَمُوتُ أَ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ لِلصَّلَاةِ
(The books) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’, and ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the two previous chains,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), said, ‘I asked him-asws about the lizards, and the snakes and the geckos falling into the water, and it does not die, ‘Can one perform Wud’u from it for the Salat?’
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْعَقْرَبِ وَ الْخُنْفَسَاءِ وَ أَشْبَاهِهِنَّ تَمُوتُ فِي الْجَرَّةِ أَوِ الدَّنِّ أَ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ لِلصَّلَاةِ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the scorpion, and the bats, and their like, dying in the jar, or the cask, ‘Can one perform Wud’u from it for the Salat?’
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem’’.[107]
2- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، إِنْ وَقَعَ الْمَاءَ وَزَغٌ أُهَرِيقَ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءُ وَ إِنْ وَقَعَ فِيهِ فَأْرَةٌ أَوْ حَيَّةٌ أُهَرِيقَ الْمَاءُ وَ إِنْ دَخَلَ فِيهِ حَيَّةٌ وَ خَرَجَتْ مِنْهُ صُبَّتْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءِ ثَلَاثُ أَكُفٍ وَ اسْتُعْمِلَ الْبَاقِي وَ قَلِيلُهُ وَ كَثِيرُهُ بِمَنْزِلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – ‘If a gecko were to fall into the water, that water should be spilt, and if a mouse of a snake were to fall in it, the water will be spilt, and if a snake enters into it and exits from it, three handfuls will be poured out from that water and the rest would be used, and its little and its lot is at the one (same) status.
وَ إِنْ وَقَعَتْ فِيهِ عَقْرَبٌ أَوْ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الْخَنَافِسِ وَ بَنَاتُ وَرْدَانَ وَ الْجَرَادُ كُلُّ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ دَمٌ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِاسْتِعْمَالِهِ وَ الْوُضُوءِ مِنْهُ مَاتَ أَوْ لَمْ يَمُت.
And if a scorpion, or something from the bats, and cockroach, and the locusts, all what hasn’t blood for it, there is no problem with using it, and performing the Wud’u from it, dead or not dead’’.[108]
3- وَ رَوَى هَذَا الْمَضْمُونَ الشَّيْخُ فِي التَّهْذِيبِ، عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ الْغَنَوِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْفَأْرَةِ وَ الْعَقْرَبِ وَ أَشْبَاهِ ذَلِكَ يَقَعُ فِي الْمَاءِ فَيَخْرُجُ حَيّاً هَلْ يُشْرَبُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءِ وَ يُتَوَضَّأُ
And this subject matter has been reported by the sheykh in ‘Al Tahzeeb’ – from Haroun Bin Hamza Al Ghanawy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the mouse, and the scorpion and likes of that falling into the water, so it exits alive, ‘Can one drink from that water and perform Wud’u?’
قَالَ يُسْكَبُ مِنْهُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ قَلِيلُهُ وَ كَثِيرُهُ بِمَنْزِلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ ثُمَّ يُشْرَبُ مِنْهُ وَ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ غَيْرَ الْوَزَغِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُنْتَفَعُ بِمَا يَقَعُ فِيهِ.
He-asws said: ‘There shall be poured out from it three times, and its little and its lot are at one (same) status, then he can drink from it and perform Wud’u from it, apart from the gecko, for it cannot be benefited with what is has fallen into’’.[109]
4- نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الرُّويَانِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الدِّيبَاجِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْأَشْعَثِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع مَا لَا نَفْسَ لَهُ سَائِلَةً إِذَا مَاتَ فِي الْإِدَامِ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِأَكْلِهِ.
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – from Abdul Wahid Bin Ismail Al Rowbany, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Taymi, from Sahl Bin Ahmad Al Dinajy, from Muhammad Bin Al Ash’ad, from Musa Bin Ismail Bin Musa, from his father, from his grandfater,
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘Whatever has no flowing breath for it, when it dies in the sauce, there is no problem with eating it (sauce)’’.[110]
باب 5 سؤر ما لا يؤكل لحمه من الدواب و فضلات الإنسان
CHAPTER 5 – IMPURITIES OF WHATEVER FROM THE ANIMAL IT’S MEAT CANNOT BE EATEN, AND THE HUMAN EXCRETIONS
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، بِالسَّنَدِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ فَضْلِ مَاءِ الْبَقَرَةِ وَ الشَّاةِ وَ الْبَعِيرِ أَ يُشْرَبُ مِنْهُ وَ يُتَوَضَّأُ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about remnants of the water of the cows, and the sheep, and the camels, ‘Can one drink from it and perform Wud’u?’
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it’’.[111]
2- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، قَالَ: إِنْ شَرِبَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ دَابَّةٌ أَوْ حِمَارٌ أَوْ بَغْلٌ أَوْ شَاةٌ أَوْ بَقَرَةٌ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِاسْتِعْمَالِهِ وَ الْوُضُوءِ مِنْهُ مَا لَمْ يَقَعْ فِيهِ كَلْبٌ أَوْ وَزَغٌ أَوْ فَأْرَةٌ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – He-asws said: ‘If there were to drink from the water, an animal, or a donkey, or a mule, or a sheep, or a cow, there is no problem with using it and performing Wud’u from it, for as long as there has not fallen into it a dog, or a gecko, or a mouse’.
وَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الْعَالِمَ ع عَمَّا يُخْرَجُ مِنْ مَنْخِرَيِ الدَّابَّةِ إِذَا نَخَرَتْ فَأَصَابَ ثَوْبَ الرَّجُلِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَغْسِلَ.
And he said, ‘I asked the Scholar-asws about what emerges from nostrils of the animal when it snorts, so it hits the clothes of a man. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem upon you if you were to wash’’.[112]
3- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ فَضْلِ الْفَرَسِ وَ الْبَغْلِ وَ الْحِمَارِ أَ يُشْرَبُ مِنْهُ وَ يُتَوَضَّأُ لِلصَّلَاةِ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his-asws brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the left-over (water) of the horse, and the mule, and the donkey, ‘Can one drink from it and perform Wud’u for the Salat?’
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem’’.[113]
4- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ ظَرِيفٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع سُئِلَ عَنِ الْبُزَاقِ يُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Al Hassan Bin Tareyf, from Al Husayn Bin Ulwan,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Ali-asws was asked about the spit hitting the clothes. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it’’.[114]
5- الْهِدَايَةُ، وَ كُلُّ مَا يُؤْكَلُ لَحْمُهُ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِالْوُضُوءِ مِمَّا شَرِبَ مِنْهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘And all what its meat is eaten, there is no problem with performing Wud’u from what it has drunk from’’.[115]
وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يَجْتَرُّ فَسُؤْرُهُ حَلَالٌ وَ لُعَابُهُ حَلَالٌ.
And Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘All things being ruminated (chewed), its regurgitation is (Permissible) Halal and its saliva is (Permissible) Halal’’.[116]
أبواب النجاسات و المطهرات و أحكامها
CHAPTERS ON UNCLEANNESS AND THE PURIFIERS AND THEIR RULINGS
باب 1 نجاسة الميتة و أحكامها و حكم الجزء المبان من الحي و الأجزاء الصغار المنفصلة عن الإنسان و ما يجوز استعماله من الجلود
CHAPTER 1 – IMPURITY OF THE DEAD AND ITS RULINGS, AND RULING OF THE PART SEGMENTED FROM THE LIVING, AND THE SMALL BODY PARTS SEPARATED FROM THE HUMAN BEING, AND WHAT SKINS ARE ALLOWED TO BE UTILISED
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ الطَّيَالِسِيِّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ قَالَ: سَأَلَهُ سَعِيدٌ الْأَعْرَجُ وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ عَنِ الزَّيْتِ وَ السَّمْنِ وَ الْعَسَلِ تَقَعُ فِيهِ الْفَأْرَةُ فَتَمُوتُ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Al Tayalisy, from Ismail Bin Abdul Kahliq who said,
‘Saeed Al-A’araj asked him-asws while I as present, about the oil, and the butter, and the honey, the mouse falls in it so it dies, how should it be dealt with.
قَالَ أَمَّا الزَّيْتُ فَلَا تَبِعْهُ إِلَّا لِمَنْ تُبَيِّنُ لَهُ فَيَبْتَاعُ لِلسِّرَاجِ فَأَمَّا لِلْأَكْلِ فَلَا وَ أَمَّا السَّمْنُ إِنْ كَانَ ذَائِباً فَهُوَ كَذَلِكَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ جَامِداً وَ الْفَأْرَةُ فِي أَعْلَاهُ فَيُؤْخَذُ مَا تَحْتَهَا وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا ثُمَّ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ وَ الْعَسَلُ كَذَلِكَ إِنْ كَانَ جَامِداً.
He-asws said: ‘As for the oil, do not sell it except to the one it is explained to him, so he would buy it for the lamp, as for the eating, no; and as for the butter, if it is melted, it is like that (oil), and if it was solid and the mouse was in its top, then take what is beneath it and what is around it, then there is no problem with it; and the honey is like that if it was solid’’.[117]
2- وَ مِنْهُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ حُبِّ دُهْنٍ مَاتَتْ فِيهِ فَأْرَةٌ قَالَ لَا تَدَّهِنْ بِهِ وَ لَا تَبِعْهُ مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ
And from him, by his chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his-asws brother-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about a container of oil the mouse had died in it. He-asws said: ‘Do not oil with it nor sell it to a Muslim’’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَحَرَّكُ بَعْضُ أَسْنَانِهِ وَ هُوَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْزِعَهَا وَ يَطْرَحَهَا قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَا يَجِدُ دَماً فَلْيَنْزِعْهُ وَ لِيَرْمِ بِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ دَمِيَ فَلْيَنْصَرِفْ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the man one of his teeth moves while he is in the Salat, ‘Is it correct for him to remove it and throw it?’ He-asws said: ‘If he does not find blood, let him remove it and throw it, and if it was bloody, let him leave (cut the Salat)’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ بِهِ الثُّؤْلُولُ أَوِ الْجُرْحُ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ وَ هُوَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ أَنْ يَقْطَعَ رَأْسَ الثُّؤْلُولِ أَوْ يَنْتِفَ بَعْضَ لَحْمِهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْجُرْحِ وَ يَطْرَحَهُ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the man happening to have the wart or the wound with him, ‘Is it correct for him, while he is in his Salat, to cut head of the wart or pluck some of his flesh from that wound and drop it?’
قَالَ إِنْ لَمْ يَتَخَوَّفْ أَنْ يَسِيلَ الدَّمُ فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ تَخَوَّفَ أَنْ يَسِيلَ الدَّمُ فَلَا يَفْعَلْ وَ إِنْ فَعَلَ فَقَدْ نَقَضَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الصَّلَاةَ وَ لَا يَنْقُضُ الْوُضُوءَ.
He-asws said: ‘If he is not afraid of the blood flowing, there is no problem, and if he is afraid that the blood mighty flow, he should not do so, and if he does so, then he has broken from the Salat but he has not broken the Wud’u’’.[118]
3- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، رُوِيَ لَا يُنَجِّسُ الْمَاءَ إِلَّا ذُو نَفْسٍ سَائِلَةٍ أَوْ حَيَوَانٌ لَهُ دَمٌ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – It is reported: ‘Nothing impurifies except one with the flowing breath, or a living creatures having blood for him’.
وَ قَالَ إِنْ مَسَّ ثَوْبُكَ مَيِّتاً فَاغْسِلْ مَا أَصَابَ وَ إِنْ مَسِسْتَ مَيْتَةً فَاغْسِلْ يَدَيْكَ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ غُسْلٌ وَ إِنَّمَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْكَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْإِنْسَانِ وَحْدَهُ.
And he-asws said: ‘If your clothes were to touch a dead, then wash whatever has hit, and if you were to touch a dead, then wash your hands and there isn’t bathing upon you, and rather that would be obligated upon you regarding the human being only’’.[119]
4- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رُكُوبِ جُلُودِ السِّبَاعِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ مَا لَمْ يُسْجَدْ عَلَيْهَا.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Ibn Asbaat,
‘From Ali, son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), said, ‘I asked him-asws about riding (while sitting) upon lion skins (saddle). He-asws said: ‘There is no problem for as long as he does not perform Sajdah upon it’’.[120]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ جُلُودِ السِّبَاعِ فَقَالَ ارْكَبُوا وَ لَا تَلْبَسُوا شَيْئاً مِنْهَا تُصَلُّونَ فِيهِ.
And from him, from Usman Bin Isa, from Sama’at who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws was asked about the lion skins. He-asws said: ‘Ride and do not wear anything from these to be praying Salat in it’’.[121]
5- السَّرَائِرُ، عَنْ جَامِعِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ لَهُ الْغَنَمُ يَقْطَعُ مِنَ أَلَيَاتِهَا وَ هِيَ أَحْيَاءٌ أَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْتَفِعَ بِمَا قَطَعَ
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – from Jamie Al Bazanty –
‘From Al-Reza-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws happening to have the sheep for him. He cuts from its private part while it is alive, ‘Is it correct for him to benefit with it?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ يُذِيبُهَا وَ يُسْرِجُ بِهَا وَ لَا يَأْكُلُهَا وَ لَا يَبِيعُهَا.
He-asws said: ‘Yes! He can melt it and saddle with it, and he can neither eat it nor sell it’’.[122]
6- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقَعُ ثَوْبُهُ عَلَى حِمَارٍ مَيِّتٍ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْسِلَهُ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al-Masaail’ of Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man whose clothes fall upon a dead donkey, ‘Is the Salat correct in it before he washes it?’
قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ غَسْلُهُ فَلْيُصَلِّ فِيهِ فَلَا بَأْسَ
He-asws: ‘It isn’t upon him to wash it, so let him pray Salat in it, there is no problem’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَاشِيَةِ تَكُونُ لِرَجُلٍ فَيَمُوتُ بَعْضُهَا أَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ بَيْعُ جُلُودِهَا وَ دِبَاغُهَا وَ يَلْبَسُهَا
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the livestock being for a man, some of them die, ‘Is it correct for him to sell their skins and wearing these?’
قَالَ لَا وَ إِنْ لَبِسَهَا فَلَا يُصَلِّي فِيهَا.
He-asws said: ‘No, and if he were to wear it, he cannot pray Salat in it’’.[123]
7- نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَلِيٌّ ع عَنْ قِدْرٍ طُبِخَتْ فَإِذَا فِيهَا فَأْرَةٌ مَيْتَةٌ فَقَالَ يُهَرَاقُ الْمَرَقُ وَ يُغْسَلُ اللَّحْمُ وَ يُنَقَّى وَ يُؤْكَلُ
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – by the previous chain,
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws was asked about a pot being cooked in. There was a dead mouse in it. He-asws said: ‘The broth should be spilled and the meat washed and cleaned and eaten’.
وَ سُئِلَ ع عَنْ سُفْرَةٍ وُجِدَتْ فِي الطَّرِيقِ فِيهَا لَحْمٌ كَثِيرٌ وَ خُبْزٌ كَثِيرٌ وَ بِيضٌ وَ فِيهَا سِكِّينٌ فَقَالَ يُقَوَّمُ مَا فِيهَا ثُمَّ يُؤْكَلُ لِأَنَّهُ يَفْسُدُ فَإِذَا جَاءَ طَالِبُهَا غُرِمَ لَهُ
And he-asws was asked about meal spread found in the road wherein is a lot of meat and a lot of bread and eggs, and in it there is a knife. He-asws said: ‘It should be evaluated whatever is in it, then eaten, because it would (otherwise) spoil. When it’s seeker comes, it would be paid to him’.
فَقَالُوا لَهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَا نَعْلَمُ أَ سُفْرَةُ ذِمِّيٍّ هِيَ أَمْ سُفْرَةُ مَجُوسِيٍّ
They said to him-asws, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! We don’t know whether it was a meal of a Zimmi or a meal of a Magian?’
فَقَالَ هُمْ فِي سَعَةٍ مِنْ أَكْلِهَا مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا
He-asws said: ‘They are in leeway from eating what they don’t know’.
وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الزَّيْتِ يَقَعُ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ لَهُ دَمٌ فَيَمُوتُ فَقَالَ يَبِيعُهُ لِمَنْ يَعْمَلُهُ صَابُوناً.
And he-asws was asked about the oil, something having blood for it falls into it, so it dies. He‑asws said: ‘Sell it to the one who makes soap’’.[124]
الشَّيْخُ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع سُئِلَ عَنْ قِدْرٍ طُبِخَتْ وَ إِذَا فِي الْقِدْرِ فَأْرَةٌ قَالَ يُهَرَاقُ مَرَقُهَا وَ يُغْسَلُ اللَّحْمُ وَ يُؤْكَلُ.
The sheykh, from Al Sakuni –
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws was asked about a pot being cooked it and there turned out to be a mouse in it. He-asws said: ‘Spill its broth and wash the meat, and eat’’.[125]
8- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع عَنْ فَأْرَةٍ وَقَعَتْ فِي سَمْنٍ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ جَامِداً أُلْقِيَتْ وَ مَا حَوْلَهَا وَ أُكِلَ الْبَاقِي وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَائِعاً فَسَدَ كُلُّهُ وَ يُسْتَصْبَحُ بِهِ
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws was asked about a mouse falling into butter. He-asws said: ‘If it (butter) was solid, it (mouse) and whatever is around it would be thrown, and the remainder can be eaten, and if it was liquid, all of it is spoilt, and lamps can be lit by it’.
قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَنِ الدَّوَابِّ تَقَعُ فِي السَّمْنِ وَ الْعَسَلِ وَ اللَّبَنِ وَ الزَّيْتِ فَتَمُوتُ فِيهِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ ذَائِباً أُرِيقَ اللَّبَنُ وَ الْعَسَلُ وَ اسْتُسْرِجَ بِالزَّيْتِ وَ السَّمْنِ
He-asws said: ‘And Amir Al-Momineen-asws was asked about the riding animal falling into the butter, and the honey, and the milk, and the oil, so it dies in it. He-asws said: ‘If it was melted (liquid), spill the milk and the honey, and light the lamps with the oil and the butter’.
وَ قَالَ فِي الْخُنْفَسَاءِ وَ الْعَقْرَبِ وَ الصَّرَّارِ وَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ لَا دَمَ لَهُ يَمُوتُ فِي طَعَامٍ لَا يُفْسِدُهُ
And he-asws said regarding the bats, and the scorpions, and the cockroach, and every thing not having blood for it, dying in food does not spoil it’.
وَ قَالَ فِي الزَّيْتِ يَعْمَلُهُ الصَّابُونَ إِنْ شَاءَ
And he-asws said regarding the oil: ‘He can make it as soap if he so desires’.
وَ قَالُوا ع إِذَا خَرَجَتِ الدَّابَّةُ حَيَّةً وَ لَمْ تَمُتْ فِي الْإِدَامِ لَمْ يَنْجَسْ وَ يُؤْكَلُ وَ إِذَا وَقَعَتْ فِيهِ فَمَاتَتْ لَمْ يُؤْكَلْ وَ لَمْ يُبَعْ وَ لَمْ يُشْتَرَ.
And they-asws said: ‘When the animal emerges alive and did not die in the broth, it is not impure and can be eaten, and when it falls into it and dies, he cannot eat and he should not sell, and should not buy’’.[126]
وَ عَنْهُمْ ع عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ أُتِيَ بِجَفْنَةٍ فِيهَا إِدَامٌ فَوَجَدُوا فِيهَا ذُبَاباً فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَطُرِحَ وَ قَالَ سَمُّوا اللَّهَ وَ كُلُوا فَإِنَّ هَذَا لَا يُحَرِّمُ شَيْئاً.
And from them-asws, from Rasool-Allah-saww, he-saww was brought a pot wherein was broth, and they found a fly being in it. He-saww instructed with it, so it was thrown, and he-saww said: ‘Name Allah-azwj and eat, for this does not prohibit anything’’.[127]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ لَا يُنْتَفَعُ مِنَ الْمَيْتَةِ بِإِهَابٍ وَ لَا عَظْمٍ وَ لَا عَصَبٍ.
And from Ali-asws having said: ‘I-asws heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Nothing can be benefitted from the death – neither with the skin, nor bones, nor tendons’’.[128]
وَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: الْمَيْتَةُ نَجِسٌ وَ إِنْ دُبِغَتْ.
And from Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘The dead is unclean, and even if it is tanned’’.[129]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ جُلُودِ الْغَنَمِ يَخْتَلِطُ الذَّكِيُّ مِنْهَا بِالْمَيْتَةِ وَ يُعْمَلُ مِنْهَا الْفِرَاءُ قَالَ إِنْ لَبِسْتَهَا فَلَا تُصَلِّ فِيهَا وَ إِنْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهَا مَيْتَةٌ فَلَا تَشْتَرِهَا وَ لَا تَبِعْهَا وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ اشْتَرِ وَ بِعْ.
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, he-asws was asked about the sheep skin, the purified mingled with the death, and the furs are made from it. He-asws said: ‘If you were to wear these, do not pray Salat in it, and if you know that it is dead, then neither buy it nor sell it, and if you don’t known, you can buy and sell’’.[130]
9- الْهِدَايَةُ، لَا يُفْسِدُ الْمَاءَ إِلَّا مَا كَانَتْ لَهُ نَفْسٌ سَائِلَةٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘Nothing spoils the water except what were to have a flowing breath for it’’.[131]
باب 2 حكم ما يؤخذ من سوق المسلمين و يوجد في أرضهم
CHAPTER 2 – RULING OF WHAT IS TAKEN FROM THE MARKET OF THE MUSLIMS AND TAKEN IN THEIR LAND
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْخِفَافِ يَأْتِي الرَّجُلُ السُّوقَ لِيَشْتَرِيَ الْخُفَّ لَا يَدْرِي ذَكِيٌّ هُوَ أَمْ لَا مَا تَقُولُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فِيهِ وَ هُوَ لَا يَدْرِي
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Bazanty,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the socks. The man comes to the market to buy the socks. He does not know whether it was a purified (slaughtered animal) or not. What are you-asws saying regarding the Salat in it, and he does not know?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ أَنَا أَشْتَرِي الْخُفَّ مِنَ السُّوقِ وَ أُصَلِّي فِيهِ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes. I-asws buy the socks from the market, and I-asws pray Salat in it, and the questioning isn’t upon you’’.[132]
2- وَ مِنْهُ، بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْجُبَّةِ الْفِرَاءِ يَأْتِي الرَّجُلُ السُّوقَ مِنْ أَسْوَاقِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَيَشْتَرِي الْجُبَّةَ لَا يَدْرِي أَ هِيَ ذَكِيَّةٌ أَمْ لَا يُصَلِّي فِيهَا
And from him, by this chain, said,
‘I asked him-asws about the fur coat. The man comes to the market from markets of the Muslims. He buys the coat. He does not know whether it is purified (slaughtered animal) or no. He prays Salat in it.
قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع كَانَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ الْخَوَارِجَ ضَيَّقُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ بِجَهَالَتِهِمْ إِنَّ الدِّينَ أَوْسَعُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع كَانَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ شِيعَتَنَا فِي أَوْسَعَ مِمَّا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ أَنْتُمْ مَغْفُورٌ لَكُمْ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes. Abu Ja’far-asws had said: ‘The Kharijites have constricted upon themselves due to their ignorance. The religion is vaster than that. Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws had said: ‘Our‑asws Shias are in more vastness than what is between the sky to the earth. You (Shias) are Forgiven for (your sins)’’.[133]
3- السَّرَائِرُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَشْتَرِي ثَوْباً مِنَ السُّوقِ لَبِيساً لَا يَدْرِي لِمَنْ كَانَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – copied from the book of Al Bazanty who said,
‘I asked him-asws about a man who buys second-hand clothes from the market. He does not know for it had been for, ‘Is the Salat correct for him in it?’
قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ اشْتَرَاهُ مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ فِيهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ اشْتَرَاهُ مِنْ نَصْرَانِيٍّ فَلَا يَلْبَسُهُ وَ لَا يُصَلِّي فِيهِ حَتَّى يَغْسِلَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘If he had bought it from a Muslim, let him pray Salat in it, and if he had bought it from a Christian, he should neither wear it nor pray Salat in it until he washes it’’.[134]
4- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى وَ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ ظَرِيفٍ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ كُلِّهِمْ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ كَانَ أَبِي يَبْعَثُ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ إِلَى السُّوقِ فَيَشْتَرِي بِهَا جُبُنّاً فَيُسَمِّي وَ يَأْكُلُ وَ لَا يَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ.
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Isa, and Al Hassan Bin Zareyf, and Ali Bin Ismail, all of them from Hammad Bin Isa who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘My-asws father-asws had sent (servant) with the Dirhams to the market. He bought cheese with it. He-asws named (Allah-azwj) and ate, and he-asws did not ask about it’’.[135]
باب 3 نجاسة الدم و أقسامه و أحكامه
CHAPTER 3 – IMPURITY OF THE BLOOD, AND ITS TYPES AND ITS RULINGS
1- السَّرَائِرُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَجْلَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ بِهِ الْقَرْحُ لَا يَزَالُ يَدْمَى كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ يُصَلِّي وَ إِنْ كَانَتِ الدِّمَاءُ تَسِيلُ.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – copying from the book of Al Bazanty, from Abdullah Bin Ajlan,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man having the sore with him not ceasing to bleed, ‘How should he deal with it?’ He-asws said: ‘He-asws should pray Salat and even if the blood was flowing’’.[136]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ: إِنَّ صَاحِبَ الْقَرْحَةِ الَّتِي لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ صَاحِبُهَا رَبْطَهَا وَ لَا حَبْسَ دَمِهَا يُصَلِّي وَ لَا يَغْسِلُ ثَوْبَهُ فِي الْيَوْمِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ مَرَّةٍ.
And from him, from Al Bazanty, from Al A’ala, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘He-asws said: ‘The one with the sore which its owner is not able to tie it nor does it’s blood withhold, he can pray Salat and not wash his clothes during the day more than once’’.[137]
بيان: رِوَايَةُ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ بِهِ الْقُرُوحُ أَوِ الْجُرُوحُ فَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَرْبِطَهُ وَ لَا يَغْسِلَ دَمَهُ قَالَ يُصَلِّي وَ لَا يَغْسِلُ ثَوْبَهُ إِلَّا كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مَرَةً فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَغْسِلَ ثَوْبَهُ كُلَّ سَاعَةٍ.
Explanation – In a report by Sama’at who said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man having the sore with him, or the wound, so he is not able to tie it nor wash its blood. He-asws said: ‘He can pray Salat and he does not have to wash his clothes except once every day, for he is no able to wash his clothes every hour’’.
2- السَّرَائِرُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع كَانَ لَا يَرَى بَأْساً بِدَمِ مَا لَمْ يُذَكَّ يَكُونُ فِي الثَّوْبِ فَيُصَلِّي فِيهِ الرَّجُلُ يَعْنِي دَمَ السَّمَكِ.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – copying from the book of Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahboub, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, he-asws did not see any problem with blood of what has not been purified (slaughtered) happening to be in the clothes, so the man prays Salat in it, meaning the blood of fish’’.[138]
3- الْهِدَايَةُ، وَ أَمَّا الدَّمُ إِذَا أَصَابَ الثَّوْبَ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِالصَّلَاةِ فِيهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مِقْدَارُهُ مِقْدَارَ دِرْهَمٍ وَافٍ وَ هُوَ مَا يَكُونُ وَزْنُهُ دِرْهَماً وَ ثُلُثاً وَ مَا كَانَ دُونَ الدِّرْهَمِ الْوَافِي فَقَدْ يَجِبُ غَسْلُهُ وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِالصَّلَاةِ فِيهِ
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘And as for the blood when it hits the clothes, there is no problem with praying the Salat in it for as long as it’s measurement does happen to be a measurement of full Dirham (coin), and it is what its weight happens to be of a Dirham and a third; and whatever is below the full Dirham, it’s washing is (not) obligated, and there is no problem with praying the Salat in it.
وَ دَمُ الْحَيْضِ إِذَا أَصَابَ الثَّوْبَ فَلَا تَجُوزُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ قَلِيلًا كَانَ أَوْ كَثِيراً وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِدَمِ السَّمَكِ فِي الثَّوْبِ أَنْ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ قَلِيلًا كَانَ أَوْ كَثِيراً.
And the blood of menstruation, when it hits the clothes, the Salat is no allowed in it, be it little or more; and there is no problem with blood of the fish being in the clothes to be prayed in it, be it little or more’’.[139]
4- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا ع، إِنْ أَصَابَ ثَوْبَكَ دَمٌ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِالصَّلَاةِ فِيهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مِقْدَارَ دِرْهَمٍ وَافٍ وَ الْوَافِي مَا يَكُونُ وَزْنُهُ دِرْهَماً وَ ثُلُثاً وَ مَا كَانَ دُونَ الدِّرْهَمِ الْوَافِي فَلَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْكَ غَسْلُهُ وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِالصَّلَاةِ فِيهِ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – ‘If blood hits your clothes, there is no problem with praying the Salat in it for as long as it’s measurement does not happen to be a full Dirham, and its weight happens to be a Dirham and a third, and whatever was below the full Dirham, its washing is not obligated upon you, and there is no problem with praying the Salat in it.
وَ إِنْ كَانَ الدَّمُ حِمَّصَةً فَلَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ لَا تَغْسِلَهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ دَمَ الْحَيْضِ فَاغْسِلْ ثَوْبَكَ مِنْهُ وَ مِنَ الْبَوْلِ وَ الْمَنِيِّ قَلَّ أَمْ كَثُرَ وَ أَعِدْ مِنْهُ صَلَاتَكَ عَلِمْتَ بِهِ أَمْ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ
And if the blood were to be (like) a chickpea, there is no problem if you don’t wash it except if it happens to be blood of menstruation, then wash your clothes from it, and from the urine, and the semen, be it little or more, and repeat your Salat from it, whether you had known of it or not known’.
وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ فِي الْمَنِيِّ إِذَا لَمْ تَعْلَمْ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ فَلَا إِعَادَةَ عَلَيْكَ وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِدَمِ السَّمَكِ فِي الثَّوْبِ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ فِيهِ قَلِيلًا كَانَ أَمْ كَثِيراً.
And it has been reported regarding the semen when you did not know from before you prayed Salat: ‘There is no repeating of the Salat upon you, and there is no problem with blood of the fish in the clothes that you pray Salat in it, be it little or more’’.[140]
5- وَ أَرْوِي عَنِ الْعَالِمِ ع أَنَّ قَلِيلَ الدَّمِ وَ كَثِيرَهُ إِذَا كَانَ مَسْفُوحاً سَوَاءٌ وَ مَا كَانَ رَشْحاً أَقَلَّ مِنْ مِقْدَارِ دِرْهَمٍ جَازَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ وَ مَا كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ دِرْهَمٍ غُسِلَ.
And it is reported from the Scholar-asws: ‘Little of the blood and its more, when poured evenly, and what was sprinkle, less than a measurement of a Dirham, the Salat is allowed in it, and whatever was more than a Dirham, wash’’.[141]
وَ رُوِيَ فِي دَمِ الدَّمَامِيلِ يُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ وَ الْبَدَنَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَجُوزُ فِيهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَ أَرْوِي أَنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ.
And it is reported regarding blood of the pimples (abscess) hitting the clothes and the body. He-asws said: ‘The blood is allowed in it’. And it is reported that it is no allowed’’.[142]
6- وَ أَرْوِي أَنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِدَمِ الْبَعُوضِ وَ الْبَرَاغِيثِ
And it is reported: ‘There is no problem with blood of the mosquito and the fleas’.
وَ أَرْوِي لَيْسَ دَمُكَ مِثْلَ دَمِ غَيْرِكَ
And it is reported: ‘Your blood is not like the blood of others’.
وَ نَرْوِي قَلِيلُ الْبَوْلِ وَ الْغَائِطِ وَ الْجَنَابَةِ وَ كَثِيرُهَا سَوَاءٌ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ غَسْلِهِ إِذَا عَلِمَ بِهِ فَإِذَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِهِ أَصَابَهُ أَمْ لَمْ يُصِبْهُ رَشَّ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ الشَّكِّ الْمَاءَ فَإِنْ تَيَقَّنَ أَنَّ فِي ثَوْبِهِ نَجَاسَةً وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ فِي أَيِّ مَوْضِعٍ مِنَ الثَّوْبِ غَسَلَهُ كُلَّهُ.
And we are reporting: ‘The little urine, and the faeces, and the sexual impurity, and its more are the same, there is no escape from washing it, when one knows of it. When he does not know of it, whether it has hit him or not hit him, he should sprinkle the water upon the place of doubt. If he is certain there is uncleanness in his cloth and he does not know in which place it is from the clothes, he should wash all of it’’.[143]
تحقيق و تفصيل أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي حَكَكْتُ جِلْدِي فَخَرَجَ مِنْهُ دَمٌ فَقَالَ إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ مِنْهُ قَدْرُ حِمَّصَةٍ فَاغْسِلْهُ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا.
Inquiry and detail –(Ahadeeth only) – Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him‑asws, ‘I scratched my skin, so blood emerged from it. He-asws said: ‘When it gathers from it a measurement of a chickpea, then wash it, or else no’’.
رِوَايَةِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ لَا تُعَادُ الصَّلَاةُ مِنْ دَمٍ لَمْ تُبْصِرْهُ إِلَّا دَمَ الْحَيْضِ فَإِنَّ قَلِيلَهُ وَ كَثِيرَهُ إِنْ رَآهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَرَهُ سَوَاءٌ.
In a report by Abu Saeed, from Abu Baseer, ‘He-asws said: ‘The Salat is not to be repeated from blood you cannot see, except the blood of menstruation, for little of it and more of it, whether it is seen and not seen, is the same’’.
7- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الدُّمَّلِ يَسِيلُ مِنْهُ الْقَيْحُ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the boil, the discharge flows from it, ‘How should he deal with it?’
قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ غَلِيظاً أَوْ فِيهِ خَلْطٌ مِنْ دَمٍ فَاغْسِلْهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ غُدْوَةً وَ عَشِيَّةً وَ لَا يَنْقُضُ ذَلِكَ الْوُضُوءَ وَ إِنْ أَصَابَ ثَوْبَكَ قَدْرُ دِينَارٍ مِنَ الدَّمِ فَاغْسِلْهُ وَ لَا تُصَلِّ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَغْسِلَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘If it was thick or there is mixture of blood in it, wash it twice every day, morning and evening, and that does not break the Wud’u; and if it were to hit your clothes from the blood a measurement of a Dinar, then wash it and do not pray Salat in it until you have washed it’’.[144]
8- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قِدْرٍ فِيهَا أَلْفُ رِطْلِ مَاءٍ فَطُبِخَ فِيهَا لَحْمٌ وَ وَقَعَ فِيهَا وُقِيَّةُ دَمٍ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ أَكْلُهُ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about a pot wherein is a thousand Ratl of water. Meat is cooked in it and an ounce of blood falls into it, ‘It is correct to eat it?’
قَالَ إِذَا طُبِخَ فَكُلْ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘When it is cooked, so eat it. There is no problem’’.[145]
بيان: اسْتَنَدَ إِلَى صَحِيحَةِ سَعِيدٍ الْأَعْرَجِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قِدْرٍ فِيهَا جَزُورٌ وَقَعَ فِيهَا قَدْرُ أُوقِيَّةٍ مِنْ دَمٍ أَ يُؤْكَلُ قَالَ نَعَمْ
Explanation (hadeeth only) – It is attributed to ‘Saheeh’ of Saeed Al-A’raj’, from Al-Sadiq-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about a pot wherein is rice. An ounce of blood falls into it, ‘Can it be eaten?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ النَّارُ تَأْكُلُ الدَّمَ.
He-asws said: ‘The fire consumes the blood’’.
9- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع وَ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُمَا قَالا فِي الدَّمِ يُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ يُغْسَلُ كَمَا تُغْسَلُ النَّجَاسَاتُ وَ رَخَّصَا فِي النَّضْحِ الْيَسِيرِ مِنْهُ وَ مِنْ سَائِرِ النَّجَاسَاتِ مِثْلِ دَمِ الْبَرَاغِيثِ وَ أَشْبَاهِهِ قَالا فَإِذَا تَفَاحَشَ غُسِلَ.
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From Al-Baqir-asws and Al-Sadiq-asws, both said regarding the blood hitting the clothes: ‘He should wash just as the impurities are washed’, and they-asws both allowed regarding sprinkling the little from it, and from rest of the impurities like the fleas and its like. They-asws both said: ‘When it is immorality, it will be washed’’.[146]
باب 4 نجاسة الخمر و سائر المسكرات و الصلاة في ثوب أصابته
CHAPTER 4 – IMPURITY OF THE WINE AND REST OF THE INTOXICANTS, AND PRAYING THE SALAT IN CLOTHES HIT BY IT
الآيات المائدة يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَ الْمَيْسِرُ وَ الْأَنْصابُ وَ الْأَزْلامُ رِجْسٌ مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Madinah: O you who believe! But rather, the wine, and the gambling, and the monuments (for idols), and the arrows (for dividing) are filth from the deeds of the Satan, therefore keep aside from it, perhaps you would be successful [5:90].
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ابْنَيْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْخَمْرِ وَ النَّبِيذِ وَ الْمُسْكِرِ يُصِيبُ ثَوْبِي أَغْسِلُهُ أَوْ أُصَلِّي فِيهِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Ahmad and Abdullah, two sons of Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Ri’ab who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the wine, and Al-Nabeez, and the intoxicants hitting my clothes, ‘Shall I wash it or can I pray Salat in it?’
قَالَ صَلِّ فِيهِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَقْذَرَهُ فَتَغْسِلُ مِنْهُ مَوْضِعَ الْأَثَرِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ شُرْبَهَا.
He-asws said: ‘Pray Salat in it, except if it has dirtied it, then wash from it the place of impact. Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted has rather Prohibited drinking it’’.[147]
2- عِلَلُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ قَالَ قَالَ بُكَيْرٌ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ أَبُو الصَّبَّاحِ وَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ وَ الْحَسَنُ النَّبَّالُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالُوا قُلْنَا لَهُمَا إِنَّا نَشْتَرِي ثِيَاباً يُصِيبُهَا الْخَمْرُ وَ وَدَكُ الْخِنْزِيرِ عِنْدَ حَاكَتِهَا أَ نُصَلِّي فِيهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ نَغْسِلَهَا
(The book) ‘Ilal’ of Al Sadouq – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, and Ali Bin Ismail, and Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareez who said, ‘Bukeyr said,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws,
And Abu Al Sabbah, and Abu Saeed, and Al Hassan Al Nabbal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws. They said, ‘We said to them-asws both, ‘We buy clothes which are stained with the wine and fat of pigs during its knitting. Can we pray in it before washing it?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ لَا بَأْسَ بِهَا إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ أَكْلَهُ وَ شُرْبَهُ وَ لَمْ يُحَرِّمْ لُبْسَهُ وَ مَسَّهُ وَ الصَّلَاةَ فِيهِ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes, there is no problem with it. But rather, Allah-azwj has Prohibited eating it and drinking it, and He-azwj did not Prohibited wearing it, and touching it, and praying the Salat in it’’.[148]
3- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ عَنِ الْمُسْكِرِ وَ النَّبِيذِ يُصِيبَانِ الثَّوْبَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Muhammad Bin Al Waleed, from Ibn Bukeyr who said,
‘A man asked Abu Abdullah-asws while I was in his-asws presence, about the intoxicant and Al-Nabeez hitting the clothes. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it’’.[149]
4- وَ مِنْهُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَرَّ فِي مَاءِ مَطَرٍ قَدْ صُبَّ فِيهِ خَمْرٌ فَأَصَابَ ثَوْبَهُ هَلْ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْسِلَهُ
And from him, by his chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), he said, ‘I asked him-asws about a man passed by in rain water the wine had been poured in it. It hit his clothes, ‘Can he pray Salat in it before he washes it?’
قَالَ لَا يَغْسِلُ ثَوْبَهُ وَ لَا رِجْلَيْهِ وَ يُصَلِّي وَ لَا بَأْسَ
He-asws said: ‘He will neither wash his clothes, nor his legs, and he can pray Salat, and there is no problem’.
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about a man who passes by a place the wine has been sprinkled in it. The ground has drunk it (it has sunk), and its wetness remains, ‘Can one pray Salat in it?’
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَرَّ بِمَكَانٍ قَدْ رُشَّ فِيهِ خَمْرٌ قَدْ شَرِبَتْهُ الْأَرْضُ وَ بَقِيَ نَدَاهُ أَ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ قَالَ إِنْ أَصَابَ مَكَاناً غَيْرَهُ فَلْيُصَلِّ فِيهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُصِبْ فَلْيُصَلِّ وَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘If he can attain another place, let him pray Salat in it, and if he cannot attain, then let him pray, and there is no problem’’.[150]
5- وَ مِنْهُ وَ مِنْ كِتَابِ الْمَسَائِلِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ النَّضُوحِ يُجْعَلُ فِيهِ النَّبِيذُ أَ يَصْلُحُ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ هُوَ فِي رَأْسِهَا
And from him, and from ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ who said,
‘I asked him-asws about the hairspray the Nabeez has been made to be in it, ‘Is it correct of the woman prays Salat and it is in her head (hair)?’
قَالَ لَا حَتَّى تَغْتَسِلَ مِنْهُ
He-asws said: ‘No, until she washes from it’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الطَّعَامِ يُوضَعُ عَلَى سُفْرَةٍ أَوْ خِوَانٍ قَدْ أَصَابَهُ الْخَمْرُ أَ يُؤْكَلُ عَلَيْهِ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the food placed upon a spread cloth or table having been hit by the wine, ‘Can one eat upon it?’
قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ الْخِوَانُ يَابِساً فَلَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘When the spread were to be dry, there is no problem’’.[151]
6- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ فِي ثَوْبٍ أَصَابَهُ خَمْرٌ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ شُرْبَهَا وَ لَمْ يُحَرِّمِ الصَّلَاةَ فِي ثَوْبٍ أَصَابَهُ وَ إِنْ خَاطَ خَيَّاطٌ ثَوْبَكَ بِرِيقِهِ وَ هُوَ شَارِبُ الْخَمْرِ إِنْ كَانَ يَشْرَبُ غِبّاً فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُدْمِناً لِلشُّرْبِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ فَلَا تُصَلِّ فِي ذَلِكَ الثَّوْبِ حَتَّى يُغْسَلَ وَ لَا تُصَلِّ فِي بَيْتٍ فِيهِ خَمْرٌ مَحْصُورٌ فِي آنِيَةٍ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – ‘There is no problem if you were to pray Salat in clothes having been hit by wine, because Allah-azwj has Prohibited drinking it and did not Prohibited the Salat in clothes hit by it; and it a tailor were to sew your clothes by his saliva (licking needle etc.), and he is a drinker of wine, if he was an occasional drinker, there is no problem, and if he was habitual of the drinking every day, do not pray in that cloth until it is washed; and do not pray Salat in a room wherein is wine poured in a utensil’’.[152]
7- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْكُحْلِ يَصْلُحُ أَنْ يُعْجَنَ بِالنَّبِيذِ قَالَ لَا.
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the Kohl (eye liner), ‘Is it correct if it has been kneaded with Al-Nabeez’?’ He-asws said: ‘No’’.[153]
تبيين رَوَى الشَّيْخُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الثِّيَابِ السَّابِرِيَّةِ يَعْمَلُهَا الْمَجُوسُ وَ هُمْ أَخْبَاثٌ وَ هُمْ يَشْرَبُونَ الْخَمْرَ وَ نِسَاؤُهُمْ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ أَلْبَسُهَا وَ لَا أَغْسِلُهَا وَ أُصَلِّي فِيهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ.
Clarification (Hadeeth only) – It is reported by the sheykh in ‘Al-Saheeh’ (Al-Tahzeeb), from Muawiya Bin Ammar who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about Al-Sabiriya clothes the Magians make, and they are wicked, and they are drinking the wine and their women are wearing it upon that state, ‘And I don’t wash it and can I pray Salat in it?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes’’.
8- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع عَنِ الشَّرَابِ الْخَبِيثِ يُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ قَالَ يُغْسَلُ
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws was asked about the wicked drink hitting the clothes. He-asws said: ‘He should wash’.
وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ السُّفْرَةِ وَ الْخِوَانِ يُصِيبُهُ الْخَمْرُ أَ يُؤْكَلُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ يَابِساً قَدْ جَفَّ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.
And he-asws was asked about the meal spread and the table spread hit by the wine, ‘Can one eat upon it?’ He-asws said: ‘If it was dry, having dried out, there is no problem with it’’.[154]
باب 5 نجاسة البول و المني و طريق تطهيرهما و طهارة الوذي و أخواتها
CHAPTER 5 – IMPURITY OF THE URINE, AND THE SEMEN, AND METHOD OF ITS PURIFICATION, AND PURITY OF THE SEMINAL FLUID AND ITS LIKE
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ جُنُبٍ أَصَابَتْ يَدُهُ مِنْ جَنَابَتِهِ فَمَسَحَهُ بِخِرْقَةٍ ثُمَّ أَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِي غِسْلِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْسِلَهَا هَلْ يُجْزِيهِ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about one with sexual impurity his hand is hit by his sexual impurity, so he wipes it with a rag, then he inserts his hand in his washing water before he washes it, ‘Does it suffice him if he washes from that water?’
قَالَ إِنْ وَجَدَ مَاءً غَيْرَهُ فَلَا يُجْزِيهِ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ بِهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ غَيْرَهُ أَجْزَأَهُ
He-asws said: ‘If he were to find water other than it, it will not suffice him to wash with it, but he cannot find other than it, it will suffice him’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْفِرَاشِ يُصِيبُهُ الِاحْتِلَامُ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the bed hit by the bed-wetting, ‘How should one deal with it?’
قَالَ اغْسِلْهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَلَا تَنَامُ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَيْبَسَ فَإِنْ نِمْتَ عَلَيْهِ وَ أَنْتَ رَطْبُ الْجَسَدِ فَاغْسِلْ مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ جَسَدِكَ فَإِنْ جَعَلْتَ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَهُ ثَوْباً فَلَا بَأْسَ
He-asws said: ‘He should wash it. If he does not do so, he should not sleep upon it until it is dry. If he does sleep upon it and you are of a wet body, then wash whatever it has hit from your body. If you were to make a cloth to be between you and it, there is no problem’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَكْسِيَةِ الْمِرْعِزَّى وَ الْخِفَافِ يُنْقَعُ فِي الْبَوْلِ أَ يُصَلَّى فِيهَا قَالَ إِذَا غَسَلْتَ فِي الْمَاءِ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about clothing of goats (skin), and the shoes soaked in urine, ‘Can I pray Salat in it?’ He-asws said: ‘When you wash in the water, there is no problem’’.[155]
2- عِلَلُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَالَ: لَبَنُ الْجَارِيَةِ وَ بَوْلُهَا يُغْسَلُ مِنْهُ الثَّوْبُ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَطْعَمَ لِأَنَّ لَبَنَهَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ مَثَانَةِ أُمِّهَا وَ لَبَنُ الْغُلَامِ لَا يُغْسَلُ مِنْهُ الثَّوْبُ وَ لَا بَوْلُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ لِأَنَّ لَبَنَ الْغُلَامِ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمَنْكِبَيْنِ وَ الْعَضُدَيْنِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Al Nofwaly, from Al Sakuny,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘Milk of the girl and her urine, wash the clothes from it before you eat, because her milk emerges from her mother’s bladder, and milk of the boy, neither wash the clothes from it nor his urine before he eats, because milk of the boy emerges from the shoulders and the forearms’’.[156]
بيان رَوَاهُ الشَّيْخُ فِي الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ بَوْلِ الصَّبِيِّ قَالَ تُصَبُّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءُ فَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ أَكَلَ فَاغْسِلْهُ غَسْلًا.
Explanation (Hadeeth only) – It is reported by the sheykh in ‘Al-Hasan’, from Al-Halby who said, ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws about urine of the boy. He-asws said: ‘Pour the water upon it. It he had eaten, then wash it with a washing’’.
3- عِلَلُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَذْيِ قَالَ مَا هُوَ وَ النُّخَامَةُ إِلَّا سَوَاءٌ.
(The book) ‘Ilal’ of Al Sadouq – from his father, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Umar Bin Hanzala who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the seminal fluid. He-asws said: ‘It and the phlegm are not but the same’’.[157]
4- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا ع عَنِ الْمَذْيِ فَقَالَ لَا يَنْقُضُ الْوُضُوءَ وَ لَا يُغْسَلُ مِنْهُ ثَوْبٌ وَ لَا جَسَدٌ إِنَّمَا هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْبُصَاقِ وَ الْمُخَاطِ.
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Al Waleed, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ibn Uzina, from Bureyd who said,
‘I asked one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) about the seminal fluid. He-asws said: ‘It neither breaks the Wud’u nor will the clothes be washed from it, nor body. But rather, it is at the status of the saliva and the mucus’’.[158]
5- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنْ سَالَ مِنْ ذَكَرِكَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ مَذْيٍ أَوْ وَذْيٍ وَ أَنْتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَلَا تَقْطَعِ الصَّلَاةَ وَ لَا تَنْقُضْ لَهُ الْوُضُوءَ وَ إِنْ بَلَغَ عَقِبَكَ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ النُّخَامَةِ وَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ خَرَجَ مِنْكَ بَعْدَ الْوُضُوءِ فَإِنَّهُ مِنَ الْحَبَائِلِ أَوْ مِنَ الْبَوَاسِيرِ فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ فَلَا تَغْسِلْهُ مِنْ ثَوْبِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَقْذَرَهُ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘If there were to flow from your manhood, something from seminal fluid or precum while you are in the Salat, do not cut the Salat and the Wud’u will not break for it, and even if it were to reach your heels. But rather, that is at the status of the phlegm; and all things which emerge from you after having performed the Wud’u, it is from the ‘Habaail’ or from the haemorrhoids, so it isn’t with anything. Therefore, do not wash it from your clothes unless if it has dirtied it’’.[159]
6- وَ مِنْهُ، بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الْمَذْيِ يَسِيلُ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْفَخِذَ قَالَ لَا يَقْطَعُ صَلَاتَهُ وَ لَا يَغْسِلُهُ مِنْ فَخِذِهِ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْ مَخْرَجِ الْمَنِيِّ إِنَّمَا هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ النُّخَامَةِ.
And from it, by this chain from Hareez who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws about the seminal fluid flowing until it reaches the thigh. He-asws said: ‘He should neither cut his Salat nor wash it from his thigh, because it does not emerge from the outlet of the semen, but rather it is at the status of the phlegm’’.[160]
7- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا ع، لَا تَغْسِلْ ثَوْبَكَ وَ لَا إِحْلِيلَكَ مِنْ مَذْيٍ وَ وَذْيٍ فَإِنَّهُمَا بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْبُصَاقِ وَ الْمُخَاطِ فَلَا تَغْسِلْ ثَوْبَكَ إِلَّا مِمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَيْكَ فِي خُرُوجِهِ إِعَادَةُ الْوُضُوءِ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – ‘Neither wash your clothes nor your urethra from the seminal fluid and precum, for these two are at the status of the saliva and the phlegm, therefore do not wash your clothes except from what obligates upon you repeating of the Wud’u due to its discharge.
وَ إِنْ أَصَابَكَ بَوْلٌ فِي ثَوْبِكَ فَاغْسِلْهُ مِنْ مَاءٍ جَارٍ مَرَّةً وَ مِنْ مَاءٍ رَاكِدٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ اعْصِرْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ بَوْلَ الْغُلَامِ الرَّضِيعِ فَتَصُبُّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ صَبّاً وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ أَكَلَ الطَّعَامَ فَاغْسِلْهُ وَ الْغُلَامُ وَ الْجَارِيَةُ سَوَاءٌ
And if urine were to hit in your clothes, wash it once (if) from flowing water, and twice (if) from still water, then squeeze it; and if it was urine of the breastfeeding boy, pour the water upon it with a pouring, and if he had eaten the food, then wash it, and the boy and the girl are same’.
وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَبَنُ الْجَارِيَةِ تَغْسِلُ مِنْهُ الثَّوْبَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَطْعَمَ وَ بَوْلُهَا لِأَنَّ لَبَنَ الْجَارِيَةِ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ مَثَانَةِ أُمِّهَا وَ لَبَنُ الْغُلَامِ لَا يُغْسَلُ مِنْهُ الثَّوْبُ وَ لَا مِنْ بَوْلِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ لِأَنَّ لَبَنَ الْغُلَامِ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمَنْكِبَيْنِ وَ الْعَضُدَيْنِ.
And it has been reported from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘Milk of the girl, wash the clothes from it before she has (started feeding) and her urine, because milk of the girl emerges from bladder of her mother, and milk of the boy, do not wash the clothes from it nor from his urine, before he (started feeding), because milk of the boy emerges from the shoulders and the arms’’.[161]
بيان: رَوَاهُ الشَّيْخُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الثَّوْبِ يُصِيبُهُ الْبَوْلُ قَالَ اغْسِلْهُ فِي الْمِرْكَنِ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَإِنْ غَسَلْتَهُ فِي مَاءٍ جَارٍ فَمَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً.
Explanation (Hadeeth only) – It is reported by the sheykh in ‘Al Saheeh’ (Tahzeeb), from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the clothes hit by the urine. He-asws said: ‘Wash it in a wash tub twice. If you were to wash it in flowing water, then once’’.
8- السَّرَائِرُ، مِنْ كِتَابِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْبَوْلِ يُصِيبُ الْجَسَدَ قَالَ صُبَّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مَاءٌ
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’, from the book of Al Bazanty who said,
‘I asked him-asws about the urine hitting the body. He-asws said: ‘Pour the water upon it twice, for rather it is water’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الثَّوْبِ يُصِيبُهُ الْبَوْلُ قَالَ اغْسِلْهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ.
And I asked him-asws about the clothes being hit by the urine. He-asws said: ‘Wash it twice’’.[162]
9- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالسَّنَدِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ الثَّوْبُ وَ قَدْ أَصَابَهُ الْجَنَابَةُ فَلَمْ يَغْسِلْهُ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ النَّوْمُ فِيهِ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man happening to have the clothes for him, and the sexual impurity had hit it, but he did not wash it, ‘Is it correct for the sleeping in it?’
قَالَ يُكْرَهُ
He-asws said: ‘It is disliked’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَعْرَقُ فِي الثَّوْبِ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ فِيهِ جَنَابَةً كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْسِلَهُ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the man sweating in the clothes he knows that there is sexual impurity in it, ‘How should he deal with it? Is it correct for him to be praying Salat before he washes it?’
قَالَ إِذَا عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ إِذَا عَرِقَ أَصَابَ جَسَدَهُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْجَنَابَةِ الَّتِي فِي الثَّوْبِ فَلْيَغْسِلْ مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ جَسَدِهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنْ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَصَابَ جَسَدَهُ وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفْ مَكَانَهُ فَلْيَغْسِلْ جَسَدَهُ كُلَّهُ.
He-asws said: ‘When he knows that when he sweated, there had hit his body from that sexual impurity which is in the clothes, so let him wash what had hit from his body from that; and if he knew that it had hit his body and did not know of its place, let him wash his body, all of it’’.[163]
10– الْمَلْهُوفُ، لِلسَّيِّدِ بْنِ طَاوُسٍ عَنْ أُمِّ الْفَضْلِ زَوْجَةِ الْعَبَّاسِ أَنَّهَا جَاءَتْ بِالْحُسَيْنِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَبَالَ عَلَى ثَوْبِهِ فَقَرَصَتْهُ فَبَكَى فَقَالَ مَهْلًا يَا أُمَّ الْفَضْلِ فَهَذَا ثَوْبِي يُغْسَلُ وَ قَدْ أَوْجَعْتِ ابْنِي.
(The book) ‘Al Malhoub’ of the Seyyid Bin Tawoos,
‘From Umm Al-Fazl wife of Al-Abbas, she came with Al-Husayn-asws to Rasool-Allah-saww. He-asws urinated upon his-saww clothes. She pinched him-asws. He-asws cried. He-saww said: ‘No, O Umm Al-Fazl! This cloth of mine-saww will be washed, and you have pained my-saww son-asws!’’(derogatory)[164]
11– نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع بَالَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع عَلَى ثَوْبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطْعَمَا فَلَمْ يَغْسِلْ بَوْلَهُمَا مِنْ ثَوْبِهِ.
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – by his chain,
‘From Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘Al-Hassan‑asws and Al-Husayn-asws urinated upon clothes of Rasool-Allah-saww before they-asws were feeding (i.e. were still breastfeeding). He-saww did not wash their-asws urines from his-saww clothes’’.[165]
12- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي الْبَوْلِ يُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ قَالَ يُغْسَلُ مَرَّتَيْنِ.
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said regarding the urine hitting the clothes. He-asws said: ‘Wash twice’’.[166]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع فِي بَوْلِ الصَّبِيِّ يُصَبُّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءُ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ.
And Al-Sadiq-asws said regarding urine of the boy: ‘Pour the water upon it until it emerges from the other side’’.[167]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ فِي الْمَنِيِّ يُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ يَغْسِلُ مَكَانَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَعْرِفْ مَكَانَهُ وَ عَلِمَ يَقِيناً أَنَّهُ أَصَابَ الثَّوْبَ غَسَلَهُ كُلَّهُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ يَفْرُكُ فِي كُلِّ مَرَّةٍ وَ يَغْسِلُ وَ يَعْصِرُ.
And from Ali-asws having said regarding the semen hitting the clothes: ‘Wash its place. If you don’t recognise its place and with certainty that it had hit the clothes, wash all of it three times, rubbed during each time and washed and squeezed’’.[168]
تذييل رُوِيَ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ ره أَنَّهُ قَالَ: رَآنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَنَا أَغْسِلُ مِنْ ثَوْبِي مَوْضِعاً فَقَالَ لِي مَا تَصْنَعُ يَا عَمَّارُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص تَنَخَّمْتُ نُخَامَةً فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ تَكُونَ فِي ثَوْبِي فَغَسَلْتُهَا
Footnote (Ahadeeth only) – It is reported from Ammar Bin Yasser-ra having said, ‘Rasool-Allah‑saww saw me-ra and I-ra was washing a place from my-ra clothes. He-saww said to me: ‘What are you-ra doing?’ I-ra said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I-ra brought out some cough, so I-ra disliked it being in my-ra clothes, so I-ra am washing it’.
فَقَالَ لِي يَا عَمَّارُ هَلْ نُخَامَتُكَ وَ دُمُوعُ عَيْنَيْكَ وَ مَا فِي إِدَاوَتِكَ إِلَّا سَوَاءٌ إِنَّمَا يُغْسَلُ الثَّوْبُ مِنَ الْبَوْلِ أَوِ الْغَائِطِ أَوِ الْمَنِيِّ.
He-saww said to me-ra: ‘O Ammar-ra! Aren’t your-ra phlegm’s and tears of your-asws eyes and what is in your-ra inside except the same? But rather, the clothes are washed from the urine, or the faeces, or the semen’’.
روي من أن رسول الله ص كان له بردان معزولان للصلاة لا يلبسهما إلا فيها.
It is reported by one that Rasool-Allah-saww had two cloaks segregated for the Salat. He-saww did not wear these except during it.
قَوْلُهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبْغِضُ الرَّجُلَ الْقَاذُورَةَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَ مَا الْقَاذُورَةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ الَّذِي يَتَأَنَّفُ بِهِ جَلِيسُهُ.
His-saww words: ‘Allah-azwj the ‘Qazoura’ man’. It was said to him-saww, ‘And what is ‘Qazoura’, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww said: ‘The one whose gatherers turn their noses away due to him’’.
باب 6 أحكام سائر الأبوال و الأرواث و العذرات و رجيع الطيور
CHAPTER 6 – RULINGS OF REST OF THE URINES, AND THE DUNGS, AND THE EXCREMENTS, AND DROPPINGS OF THE BIRDS
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ سِنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ بِبَوْلِ مَا أُكِلَ لَحْمُهُ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakhtary,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘There is no problem with urine of what its meat is eaten’’.[169]
2- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ابْنَيْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّوْثِ يُصِيبُ ثَوْبِي وَ هُوَ رَطْبٌ قَالَ إِنْ لَمْ تَقْذَرْهُ فَصَلِّ فِيهِ.
And from him, from Ahmad and Abdullah, two sons of Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Riab who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the dung hitting my clothes and it is wet. He-asws said: ‘If it has not dirtied it, you can pray Salat in it’’.[170]
3- وَ مِنْهُ، وَ مِنْ كِتَابِ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالسَّنَدَيْنِ الْمُتَقَدِّمَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الدَّابَّةِ تَبُولُ فَيُصِيبُ بَوْلُهَا الْمَسْجِدَ أَوِ الْحَائِطَ أَ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُغْسَلَ قَالَ إِذَا جَفَّ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
And from him, and from ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the two previous chains,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the riding animal urinating, so its urine hits the Masjid, or the wall, ‘Can one pray Salat in it before it is washed?’ He-asws said: ‘When it dries, there is no problem’’.[171]
4- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الثَّوْبِ يُوضَعُ فِي مَرْبِطِ الدَّابَّةِ عَلَى بَوْلِهَا أَوْ رَوْثِهَا قَالَ إِنْ عَلِقَ بِهِ شَيْءٌ فَلْيَغْسِلْهُ وَ إِنْ أَصَابَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الرَّوْثِ وَ الصُّفْرَةِ الَّتِي تَكُونُ مَعَهُ فَلَا تَغْسِلْهُ مِنْ صُفْرَةٍ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ –
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the clothes place in the animal enclosure, upon its urine or its dung. He-asws said: ‘If something has attached with it, the let him wash it, and if something has hit it from the dung and the yellowness which happens to be with it, do not wash it from the yellowness’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَرَى فِي ثَوْبِهِ خُرْءَ الْحَمَامِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَحُكَّهُ وَ هُوَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the man seeing dropping of the pigeon in his clothes, or something else, ‘Is it correct for him to scratch it off while he is in his Salat?’ He-asws said: ‘There is no problem’’.[172]
5- وَ مِنْهُ، وَ مِنْ كِتَابِ الْمَسَائِلِ، عَنْهُ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الدَّقِيقِ يَقَعُ فِيهِ خُرْءُ الْفَأْرِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ أَكْلُهُ إِذَا عُجِنَ مَعَ الدَّقِيقِ
And from him, and from ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ –
‘From him, from his brother-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the flour, mouse droppings fall into it, ‘Is it correct to eat it when there is kneading with the flour?’
قَالَ إِذَا لَمْ تَعْرِفْهُ فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ عَرَفْتَهُ فَلْتَطْرَحْهُ مِنَ الدَّقِيقِ.
He-asws said: ‘When you don’t know it, there is no problem, and if you do know it, then you should throw it away from the flour’’.[173]
6- السَّرَائِرُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلصَّادِقِ ع أَطَأُ عَلَى الرَّوْثِ الرَّطْبِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنَا وَ اللَّهِ رُبَّمَا وَطِئْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أُصَلِّي وَ لَا أَغْسِلُهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – copying from the book of Al Bazanty, from Al Mufazzal, from Muhammad Al Halby who said,
I said to Al-Sadiq-asws, ‘I tread upon the wet dropping. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem. By Allah-azwj! I-asws have at times trodden upon it, then I-asws prayed Salat, and I-asws did not wash it’’.[174]
7- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَبْوَالِ الْخَيْلِ وَ الْبِغَالِ وَ الْحَمِيرِ قَالَ فَكَرِهَهَا فَقُلْتُ أَ لَيْسَ لَحْمُهَا حَلَالًا
Al Ayyashi, from Zurara,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws), he said, ‘I asked him-asws about urines of the horses, and the mules, and the donkeys. He-asws disliked it. I said, ‘Isn’t their meat Permissible?’
قَالَ فَقَالَ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ بَيَّنَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَ الْأَنْعامَ خَلَقَها لَكُمْ فِيها دِفْءٌ وَ مَنافِعُ وَ مِنْها تَأْكُلُونَ وَ قَالَ فِي الْخَيْلِ وَ الْخَيْلَ وَ الْبِغالَ وَ الْحَمِيرَ لِتَرْكَبُوها وَ زِينَةً
He (the narrator) said: ‘He-asws said: ‘Hasn’t Allah-azwj Clarified to you all: And the cattle, He Created these for you. In these you have warm clothing and benefits, and from these you are eating [16:5] and I Said regarding the horses: And (Created) the horses and the mules and the donkeys for you to ride these and as an adornment, [16:8].
فَجَعَلَ لِلْأَكْلِ الْأَنْعَامَ الَّتِي قَصَّ اللَّهُ فِي الْكِتَابِ وَ جَعَلَ لِلرُّكُوبِ الْخَيْلَ وَ الْبِغَالَ وَ الْحَمِيرَ وَ لَيْسَ لُحُومُهَا بِحَرَامٍ وَ لَكِنَّ النَّاسَ عَافُوهَا.
He-azwj Made for the eating, the cattle which Allah-azwj has Narrated in the Book, and He-azwj Made for the riding, the horses and the mules and the donkeys, and their meats aren’t Prohibited, but the people are exempting these’’.[175]
8- الْمُخْتَلَفُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: خُرْءُ الْخُطَّافِ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ هُوَ مِمَّا يُؤْكَلُ لَحْمُهُ وَ لَكِنْ كُرِهَ أَكْلُهُ لِأَنَّهُ اسْتَجَارَ بِكَ وَ أَوَى إِلَى مَنْزِلِكَ وَ كُلُّ طَيْرٍ يَسْتَجِيرُ بِكَ فَأَجِرْهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mukhtalaf’ – copying from the book of Ammar Bin Musa,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Excrement of the swallows (bats?), there is no problem with it. It is from what its meat can be eaten, but it is disliked to eat it because it seeks shelter with you, and shelters to your house, and every bird seeking shelter with you, shelter it’’.[176]
9- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ ع عَنِ الثَّوْبِ يَقَعُ فِي مَرْبِطِ الدَّابَّةِ عَلَى بَوْلِهَا وَ رَوْثِهَا كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaai’ –
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the clothes which fall in the animal enclosure, upon its urines and its dungs, ‘How should it be dealt with?’
قَالَ إِنْ عَلِقَ بِهِ شَيْءٌ فَلْيَغْسِلْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ جَافّاً فَلَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘If somethings attaches with it, let him wash it, and if it was dry, there is no problem’’.[177]
10- السَّرَائِرُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ الرَّقِّيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ بَوْلِ الْخَشَاشِيفِ يُصِيبُ ثَوْبِي فَأَطْلُبُهُ فَلَا أَجِدُهُ قَالَ اغْسِلْ ثَوْبَكَ.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – copying from the book of Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahboub, from Musa Bin Umar, from one of his companions, from Dawood Al Raqqy who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about urine of the bats hitting my clothes, ‘I searched for it but could not find it’. He-asws said: ‘Wash your clothes’’.[178]
11- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ السَّيَّارِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي يَزِيدَ الْقَسْمِيِّ وَ قَسْمٌ حَيٌّ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ بِالْبَصْرَةِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ جُلُودِ الدَّارِشِ الَّتِي يُتَّخَذُ مِنْهَا الْخِفَافُ فَقَالَ لَا تُصَلِّ فِيهَا فَإِنَّهَا تُدْبَغُ بِخُرْءِ الْكِلَابِ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Sayyari, from Abu Yazeed Al Qasmy, and ‘Qasm’ is a tribe from Al Yemen at Al Basra,
‘From Abu Al Hassan Al-Reza-asws having been asked about skins of ‘Al-Darish’ which the sock are taken from it. He-asws said: ‘Do not pray Salat in it, for it is tanned with the dog excrement’’.[179]
12- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الطِّينِ يُطْرَحُ فِيهِ السِّرْقِينُ يُطَيَّنُ بِهِ الْمَسْجِدُ وَ الْبَيْتُ أَ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ قَالَلَا بَأْسَ.
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ of Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the mud the manure is dropped in it, the Masjid and the house is plastered with it, ‘Can one pray Salat in it?’ He-asws said: ‘No Problem’’.[180]
13- نَوَ ادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي الثَّوْبِ الَّذِي فِيهِ أَبْوَالُ الْخَفَافِيشِ وَ دِمَاءُ الْبَرَاغِيثِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – by his chain,
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib‑asws was asked about praying the Salat in clothes in which are urines of the swallows (bats?) and blood of the mosquitoes. He-asws said: ‘No problem’’.[181]
14- كِتَابُ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ جَالِساً مَعَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ نَاضِحٌ لَهُمْ فِي جَانِبِ الدَّارِ قَدْ أُعْلِفَ الْخَبَطَ وَ هُوَ هَائِجٌ
The book of Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘I was seated with Abu Ja’far-asws, and there was a camel of their in the side of the house have been fed the fodder, and it was agitated’.
قَالَ وَ هُوَ يَبُولُ وَ يَضْرِبُ بِذَنَبِهِ إِذْ مَرَّ جَعْفَرٌ ع وَ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْبَانِ أَبْيَضَانِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And it was urinating and striking with its tail when Ja’far-asws passed by it and upon him-asws were two white clothes’.
قَالَ فَنَضَحَ عَلَيْهِ فَمَلَأَ ثِيَابَهُ وَ جَسَدَهُ فَاسْتَرْجَعَ فَضَحِكَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘It splashed upon him-asws and filled his-asws clothes and his-asws body. He-asws said: ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj!’ Abu Ja’far-asws smiled and the said: ‘O my-asws son-asws! There is no problem with it’’.[182]
وَجَدْتُ بِخَطِّ الشَّيْخِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْجُبَعِيِّ نَقْلًا مِنْ جَامِعِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: خُرْءُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ يَطِيرُ وَ بَوْلُهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.
It was found in the handwriting of the sheykh Muhammad Bin Ali Al Jubai, copying from ‘Jamie’ of Al Bazanty, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Droppings of all things which fly, and its urine, there is no problem with it’’.[183]
15- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع عَنْ خُرْءِ الْفَأْرِ تَكُونُ فِي الدَّقِيقِ قَالَ إِنْ عُلِمَ بِهِ أُخْرِجَ مِنْهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُعْلَمْ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.
(The book) ‘Da’aim’ Al Islam’ –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws was asked about droppings of the mouse being in the flour. He-asws said: ‘If it had been known with it, it would be extracted from it, and if it was no known, there is no problem with it’’.[184]
باب 7 ما اختلف الأخبار و الأقوال في نجاسته
CHAPTER 7 – WHAT THE AHADEETH AND THE WORDS DIFFER REGARDING IMPURITIES
الآيات الحديد وَ أَنْزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ وَ مَنافِعُ لِلنَّاسِ
The Verses – (Surah) Al-Hadeed: And We Sent down the iron wherein is severe violence and benefits for the people, [57:25].
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَخَذَ مِنْ شَعْرِهِ وَ لَمْ يَمْسَحْهُ بِالْمَاءِ ثُمَّ يَقُومُ فَيُصَلِّي قَالَ يَنْصَرِفُ فَيَمْسَحُهُ بِالْمَاءِ وَ لَا يُعِيدُ صَلَاتَهُ تِلْكَ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about a man who takes from his hair (hair cut) and does not wipe it with the water, then he rises and prays Salat. He-asws said: ‘He should leave, wipe it with the water, and he will not repeat that Salat of his’’.[185]
توضيح رِوَايَةِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي الرَّجُلِ إِذَا قَصَّ أَظْفَارَهُ بِالْحَدِيدِ أَوْ جَزَّ مِنْ شَعْرِهِ أَوْ حَلَقَ قَفَاهُ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَمْسَحَهُ بِالْمَاءِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ سُئِلَ فَإِنْ صَلَّى وَ لَمْ يَمْسَحْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِالْمَاءِ قَالَ يُعِيدُ الصَّلَاةَ لِأَنَّ الْحَدِيدَ نَجَسٌ.
Clarification (Hadeeth) – ‘It is reported by Ammar, from Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the man when he clips his nails with the iron, or pulls from his hair, or shaves back of his head, upon him is to wipe it with the water before he prays Salat’. He-asws was asked, ‘If he were to pray Salat and he has not wiped that with the water?’ He-asws said: ‘He should repeat the Salat because the iron is unclean’’.
2- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْحَائِضِ قَالَ يُشْرَبُ مِنْ سُؤْرِهَا وَ لَا يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا.
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the menstruating woman. He-asws said: ‘He can drink from her leftovers and not perform Wud’u from it’’.[186]
3- السَّرَائِرُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ سُؤْرَ الْحَائِضِ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ أَنْ تَتَوَضَّأَ مِنْهُ إِذَا كَانَتْ تَغْسِلُ يَدَيْهَا.
(The book) ‘Al Sraar’ – copying from the book of Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahboub, from Al Abbas, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Rifa’at,
‘Leftovers of the menstruating woman, there is no problem with it if you were to perform Wud’u from it, when she had washed her hand’’.[187]
بيان: فِي التَّهْذِيبِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْحَائِضِ يُشْرَبُ مِنْ سُؤْرِهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَا يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ.
Explanation – In ‘Al Tahzeeb’ – from Al-Husayn Bin Abu Al-A’ala who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the menstruating woman, ‘Can he drink from her leftovers?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, and he cannot perform Wud’u from it’’.
وَ عَنْ أَبِي هِلَالٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْمَرْأَةُ الطَّامِثُ اشْرَبْ مِنْ فَضْلِ شَرَابِهَا وَ لَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَتَوَضَّأَ مِنْهُ.
And from Abu Hilal who said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The menstruating woman, I-asws drink from her surplus water and I-asws don’t like performing Wud’u from it’’.
وَ عَنْ عَنْبَسَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: اشْرَبْ مِنْ سُؤْرِ الْحَائِضِ وَ لَا تَتَوَضَّأْ مِنْهُ.
And from Anbasa, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Drink from leftovers of the menstruating woman and do not perform Wud’u from it’’.
4- عِلَلُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَالَ: لَبَنُ الْجَارِيَةِ وَ بَوْلُهَا يُغْسَلُ مِنْهُ الثَّوْبُ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَطْعَمَ لِأَنَّ لَبَنَهَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ مَثَانَةِ أُمِّهَا وَ لَبَنُ الْغُلَامِ لَا يُغْسَلُ مِنْهُ الثَّوْبُ وَ لَا بَوْلُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ لِأَنَّ لَبَنَ الْغُلَامِ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمَنْكِبَيْنِ وَ الْعَضُدَيْنِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal’ of Al Sadouq – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘Milk of the girl and her urine, the clothes will be washed from it before she (starts) feeding, because her milk emerges from bladder of her mother, while milk of the boy, the clothes will not be washed from it nor his urine, before he feeds, because milk of the boy emerges from the shoulders and the arms’’.[188]
الرَّاوَنْدِيُّ فِي نَوَادِرِهِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع مِثْلَهُ وَ زَادَ فِي آخِرِهِ فَيَجُوزُ فِيهِ الرَّشُ.
Al Rawandy in his (book) ‘Nawadir’ – by his chain,
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws – similar to it, and there is an increase in its end: ‘The sprinkling is allowed in it’’.[189]
فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، رُوِيَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ ذَكَرَ مِثْلَهُ وَ قَالَ إِنْ عَرِقْتَ فِي ثَوْبِكَ وَ أَنْتَ جُنُبٌ وَ كَانَتِ الْجَنَابَةُ مِنَ الْحَلَالِ فَتَجُوزُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ حَرَاماً فَلَا تَجُوزُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَغْسِلَ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – It is reported from Amir Al-Momineen-asws’ – and he mentioned similar to it, and he-asws said: ‘If you sweat in your clothes while you are with sexual impurity, and the sexual impurity was from the Permissible (activity), the Salat is allowed in it, and if it were from Prohibited (activity), the Salat is no allowed in it until you wash’’.[190]
5- الْمَنَاقِبُ، لِابْنِ شَهْرَآشُوبَ مِنْ كِتَابِ الْمُعْتَمَدِ فِي الْأُصُولِ لِلشَّيْخِ الْمُفِيدِ ره قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مَهْزِيَارَ وَرَدْتُ الْعَسْكَرَ وَ أَنَا شَاكٌّ فِي الْإِمَامَةِ فَرَأَيْتُ السُّلْطَانَ قَدْ خَرَجَ إِلَى الصَّيْدِ فِي يَوْمٍ مِنَ الرَّبِيعِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ صَائِفٌ وَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِمْ ثِيَابُ الصَّيْفِ وَ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ لُبَّادَةٌ وَ عَلَى فَرَسِهِ تِجْفَافُ لُبُودٍ وَ قَدْ عَقَدَ ذَنَبَ الْفَرَسَةِ وَ النَّاسُ يَتَعَجَّبُونَ مِنْهُ وَ يَقُولُونَ أَ لَا تَرَوْنَ إِلَى هذه [هَذَا] الْمَدَنِيِّ وَ مَا قَدْ فَعَلَ بِنَفْسِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – from the book ‘Al Motamad’ in the original of the sheykh Al Mufeed,
‘Ali Bin Mahziyar said, ‘I arrived at Al-Askar and I was doubtful regarding the Imamate. I saw the ruler to have gone out to hunt during a day of spring, except it was summer and the people had woollen clothes upon them, and upon Abu Al-Hassan-asws was a rain coat, and upon his‑asws horse was drying cover, and he-asws had tied the tail of the horse, and the people were being surprised from it and saying, ‘Are you not seeing this Medinite and what he-asws has done with himself-asws?’
فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي لَوْ كَانَ إِمَاماً مَا فَعَلَ هَذَا
I said within myself, ‘Had he-asws been an Imam-asws, he-asws would not have done this’.
فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ النَّاسُ إِلَى الصَّحْرَاءِ لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا أَنِ ارْتَفَعَتْ سَحَابَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ هَطَلَتْ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا ابْتَلَّ حَتَّى غَرِقَ بِالْمَطَرِ وَ عَادَ ع وَ هُوَ سَالِمٌ مِنْ جَمِيعِهِ
When the people went out to the desert, it was not long before a mighty cloud arose. There did not remain anyone except he was drenched until he was (almost) drowned by the rain, while he-asws returned and he-asws was safe from entirety of it.
فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَكُونَ هُوَ الْإِمَامَ
I said within myself, ‘No doubt of him-asws being the Imam-asws!’
ثُمَّ قُلْتُ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ عَنِ الْجُنُبِ إِذَا عَرِقَ فِي الثَّوْبِ فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي إِنْ كَشَفَ وَجْهَهُ فَهُوَ الْإِمَامُ
Then I said, ‘I want to ask him about the one with sexual impurity when he sweats in his clothes’. I said within myself, ‘If he-asws uncovers from his-asws face, he-asws is the Imam-asws’.
فَلَمَّا قَرُبَ مِنِّي كَشَفَ وَجْهَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ عَرِقَ الْجُنُبُ فِي الثَّوْبِ وَ جَنَابَتُهُ مِنْ حَرَامٍ لَا تَجُوزُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ جَنَابَتُهُ مِنْ حَلَالٍ فَلَا بَأْسَ
When he-asws was near me, he-asws uncovered his-asws face, then said: ‘If the one with sexual impurity were to sweat in his clothes and his sexual impurity is from Prohibited (activity), the Salat is no allowed in it, and if his sexual impurity were from Permissible (activity), there is no problem’.
فَلَمْ يَبْقَ فِي نَفْسِي بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شُبْهَةٌ.
There did not remain any doubt within myself after that’’.[191]
6- وَ وَجَدْتُ فِي كِتَابٍ عَتِيقٍ مِنْ مُؤَلَّفَاتِ قُدَمَاءِ أَصْحَابِنَا أَظُنُّهُ مَجْمُوعَ الدَّعَوَاتِ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُوسَى التَّلَّعُكْبَرِيِّ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي الْفَتْحِ غَازِي بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الطَّرَائِفِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمَيْمُونِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْأَهْوَازِيِّ عَنْهُ ع مِثْلَهُ وَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ حَلَالٍ فَالصَّلَاةُ فِي الثَّوْبِ حَلَالٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ حَرَامٍ فَالصَّلَاةُ فِي الثَّوْبِ حَرَامٌ.
And I found in an ancient book from old compilations, I think it is a collection of the papers of Muhammad Bin Haroun Bin Musa Al Talukbary, reporting from Abu Al Fath Ghazy Bin Muhammad Al Taraify, from Ali Bin Abdullah Al Maymouny, from Muhammad Bin Ali Ma’mar, from Ali Bin Yaqteen Bin Musa Al Ahwazy,
‘From him-asws – similar to it, and he-asws said: ‘If it was from Permissible (activity), then the Salat in the clothes is Permissible, and if it were from Prohibited (activity), the Salat in the clothes is Prohibited’’.[192]
7- الذِّكْرَى، رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى إِدْرِيسَ بْنِ يَزْدَانَ الْكَفْرَتُوثِيِّ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ بِالْوَقْفِ فَدَخَلَ سُرَّمَنْرَأَى فِي عَهْدِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْأَلَهُ عَنِ الثَّوْبِ الَّذِي يَعْرَقُ فِيهِ الْجُنُبُ أَ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ قَائِمٌ فِي طَاقِ بَابٍ لِانْتِظَارِهِ إِذْ حَرَّكَهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع بِمِقْرَعَةٍ وَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ حَلَالٍ فَصَلِّ فِيهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ حَرَامٍ فَلَا تُصَلِّ فِيهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Zakry’ – it is reported by Muhammad Bin Hammam, by his chain to,
‘Idrees Bin Yazdan Al-Kafratusi, he used to say (believe) in the pause (i.e., a Waqifite – no Imam-asws after the 7th Imam-asws). He entered Surmanray in the era of Abu Al-Hassan-asws. He intended to ask him-asws about the clothes which the one with sexual impurity sweats in. While he was standing at the threshold of the door awaiting him, when Abu Al-Hassan-asws moved him with a nudge and said: ‘If it was from Permissible (activity), he can pray Salat in it, and if it were from Prohibited (activity), he cannot pray Salat in it’’.[193]
8- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، رَخَّصُوا ع فِي عَرَقِ الْجُنُبِ وَ الْحَائِضِ يُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ وَ كَذَلِكَ رَخَّصُوا فِي الثَّوْبِ الْمَبْلُولِ يَلْصَقُ بِجَسَدِ الْجُنُبِ وَ الْحَائِضِ.
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘He-asws allowed regarding sweat of the one with sexual impurity, and the menstruating woman touching the clothes, and like that he-asws allowed regarding the wet clothes sticking with the body of the one with sexual impurity and the menstruating woman’’.[194]
9- الْهِدَايَةُ، لَا بَأْسَ بِالْوُضُوءِ مِنْ فَضْلِ الْحَائِضِ وَ الْجُنُبِ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘There is no problem with performing the Wud’u from leftovers of the menstruating woman and the man with sexual impurity’’.[195]
10- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: كَانَ يَغْتَسِلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ ثُمَّ يَسْتَدْفِئُ بِامْرَأَتِهِ وَ إِنَّهَا لَجُنُبٌ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakhtari,
‘From Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘He-asws had washed from the sexual impurity, then warmed with his-asws wife while she was with sexual impurity’’.[196]
باب 8 حكم المشتبه بالنجس و بيان أن الأصل الطهارة و غلبته على الظاهر
CHAPTER 8 – RULING OF THE SUSPECT IMPURITY, AND EXPLANATION THAT THE ORIGIN OF THE CLEANLINESS AND MOST OF IT IS BASED UPON THE APPARENT
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، بِالسَّنَدِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْفَأْرَةِ الرَّطْبَةِ وَ قَدْ وَقَعَتْ فِي الْمَاءِ تَمْشِي عَلَى الثِّيَابِ أَ يَصْلُحُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تُغْسَلَ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the wet mouse, and it had fallen in the water, it walks upon the clothes, ‘Is the Salat correct in it before it is washed?’
قَالَ اغْسِلْ مَا رَأَيْتَ مِنْ أَثَرِهَا وَ مَا لَمْ تَرَهُ فَتَنْضِحُهُ بِالْمَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘Wash what you see from its traces, and what you don’t see, sprinkle it with the water’.
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ ع عَنِ الْفَأْرَةِ وَ الدَّجَاجَةِ وَ الْحَمَامَةِ وَ أَشْبَاهِهِنَّ تَطَأُ الْعَذِرَةَ ثُمَّ تَطَأُ الثَّوْبَ أَ يُغْسَلُ
And I asked him-asws about the mouse, and the chicken, and the pigeon and their like, treading the excrement, then treading the clothes, ‘Will it be washed?’
قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ اسْتَبَانَ مِنْ أَثَرِهِنَّ شَيْءٌ فَاغْسِلْهُ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا بَأْسَ
He-asws said: ‘If anything from their traces is apparent, wash it, or else there is no problem’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْكَنِيفِ يُصَبُّ فِيهِ الْمَاءُ فَيُنْضَحُ عَلَى الثِّيَابِ مَا حَالُهُ قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ جَافّاً فَلَا بَأْسَ.
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the toilet, the water is poured in it so it splashed upon the clothes, ‘What is its state?’ He-asws said: ‘When it were to be dry, there is no problem’’.[197]
2- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ إِنَاءَانِ وَقَعَ فِي أَحَدِهِمَا مَا يُنَجِّسُ الْمَاءَ وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ فِي أَيِّهِمَا يُهْرِقْهُمَا جَمِيعاً وَ لْيَتَيَمَّمْ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – ‘And if there were two utensils with him, there falls into one of them what impure’s the water and he does not know in which of the two, they will both be spilled, and let him perform ‘Tayammum’’.
وَ نَرْوِي أَنَّ قَلِيلَ الْبَوْلِ وَ الْغَائِطِ وَ الْجَنَابَةِ وَ كَثِيرَهَا سَوَاءٌ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ غَسْلِهِ إِذَا عَلِمَ بِهِ فَإِذَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِهِ أَصَابَهُ أَمْ لَمْ يُصِبْهُ رَشَّ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ الشَّكِّ الْمَاءَ
And we are reporting that the little urine, and the faeces, and the sexual impurity, and its more are the same. There is no escape from washing it when he knows of it. When he does not know whether it has hit it or not hit it, he should sprinkle the water upon the place of doubt.
فَإِنْ تَيَقَّنَ أَنَّ فِي ثَوْبِهِ نَجَاسَةً وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ فِي أَيِّ مَوْضِعٍ عَلَى الثَّوْبِ غَسَلَ كُلَّهُ
If he is certain that there is impurity in his clothes and he does not know in which place upon the clothes, he should wash all of it’.
وَ نَرْوِي أَنَّ بَوْلَ مَا لَا يَجُوزُ أَكْلُهُ فِي النَّجَاسَةِ ذَلِكَ حُكْمُهُ وَ بَوْلُ مَا يُؤْكَلُ لَحْمُهُ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.
And we are reporting that urine of what is not allowed to eat it, that is its ruling regarding the impurity, and urine of what its meat is eaten, there is no problem with it’’.[198]
3- عِلَلُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع إِنَّهُ أَصَابَ ثَوْبِي دَمٌ مِنَ الرُّعَافِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ أَوْ شَيْءٌ مِنْ مَنِيٍّ فَعَلَّمْتُ أَثَرَهُ إِلَى أَنْ أُصِيبَ مَاءً فَأَصَبْتُ الْمَاءَ وَ حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَ نَسِيتُ أَنَّ بِثَوْبِي شَيْئاً فَصَلَّيْتُ ثُمَّ إِنِّي ذَكَرْتُ بَعْدُ
(The book) ‘Ilal’ of Al Sadouq – from his father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘My clothes were hit by blood from the nose-bleed or something else, or something from semen. I knew its traces to pour water, so I poured the water, and the Salat presented and I forgot that there is something in my clothes, and I prayed the Salat. Then I remembered afterwards’.
قَالَ تُعِيدُ الصَّلَاةَ وَ تَغْسِلُهُ
He-asws said: ‘Repeat the Salat and wash it’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَكُنْ رَأَيْتُ مَوْضِعَهُ وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَصَابَهُ فَطَلَبْتُهُ وَ لَمْ أَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا صَلَّيْتُ وَجَدْتُهُ قَالَ تَغْسِلُهُ وَ تُعِيدُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Supposing I had not seen its place, and I had known that it had hit it. I searched for it and was not able upon it. When I had prayed Salat, I found it’. He-asws said: ‘Wash it and repeat’.
قُلْتُ فَإِنْ ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَصَابَهُ وَ لَمْ أَتَيَقَّنْ ذَلِكَ فَنَظَرْتُ فَلَمْ أَرَ شَيْئاً ثُمَّ طَلَبْتُ فَرَأَيْتُهُ فِيهِ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ تَغْسِلُهُ وَ لَا تُعِيدُ الصَّلَاةَ
I said, ‘Supposing I thought that it had hit it and I was not certain of that. I looked, but could not see anything. Then I search, so I saw it in it after the Salat?’ He-asws said: ‘Wash it and do not repeat the Salat’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ لِمَ ذَاكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘And why is that so?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّكَ كُنْتَ عَلَى يَقِينٍ مِنْ نَظَافَتِهِ ثُمَّ شَكَكْتَ فَلَيْسَ يَنْبَغِي لَكَ أَنْ تَنْقُضَ الْيَقِينَ بِالشَّكِّ أَبَداً
He-asws said: ‘Because you were upon certainty regarding your cleanliness, then you doubted. It isn’t befitting for you to break the certainty with the doubt, ever!’
قُلْتُ فَإِنِّي قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَصَابَهُ وَ لَمْ أَدْرِ أَيْنَ هُوَ فَأَغْسِلُهُ
I said, ‘Supposing I had known that it had hit it, and didn’t know where it is, should I wash it?’
قَالَ تَغْسِلُ مِنْ ثَوْبِكَ النَّاحِيَةَ الَّتِي تَرَى أَنَّهُ أَصَابَهَا حَتَّى تَكُونَ عَلَى يَقِينٍ مِنْ طَهَارَتِهِ
He-asws said: ‘You should wash from your clothes the area which you view that it has hit it until you would be upon certainty of its cleanliness’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ هَلْ عَلَيَّ إِنْ شَكَكْتُ فِي أَنَّهُ أَصَابَهُ شَيْءٌ أَنْ أَنْظُرَ فِيهِ فَأَقْلِبَهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Is it upon me, if I doubt regarding that something has hit it, to look into it, so I turn it around?’
قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنَّكَ إِنَّمَا تُرِيدُ بِذَلِكَ أَنْ تُذْهِبَ الشَّكَّ الَّذِي وَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِكَ
He-asws said: ‘No, but rather you intended with it to remove the doubt which had occurred within yourself’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُهُ فِي ثَوْبِي وَ أَنَا فِي الصَّلَاةِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Supposing I saw it in my clothes while I was in the Salat?’
قَالَ تَنْقُضُ الصَّلَاةَ وَ تُعِيدُ إِذَا شَكَكْتَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ رَأَيْتَهُ فِيهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَشُكَّ ثُمَّ رَأَيْتَهُ رَطْباً قَطَعْتَ وَ غَسَلْتَهُ ثُمَّ بَنَيْتَ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي لَعَلَّهُ شَيْءٌ وَقَعَ عَلَيْكَ فَلَيْسَ لَكَ أَنْ تَنْقُضَ بِالشَّكِّ الْيَقِينَ.
He-asws said: ‘Break the Salat and repeat when you have doubted regarding the place of it, then you saw in it, and if you had not doubted, then you saw it wet, cut (the Salat) and wash it, then build upon the Salat, for you don’t know perhaps it is something fallen upon you, therefore it isn’t for you to break the certainty with the doubt’’.[199]
4- السَّرَائِرُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع فِي طِينِ الْمَطَرِ أَنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ أَنْ يُصِيبَ الثَّوْبَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَّا أَنْ يَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ نَجَّسَهُ شَيْءٌ بَعْدَ الْمَطَرِ وَ إِنْ أَصَابَهُ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ غَسَلَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الطَّرِيقُ نَظِيفاً لَمْ يَغْسِلْهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – copying from the book of Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahboub, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from one of his companions,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws regarding the rain mud, there is no problem with it if it hits the clothes, for three days, except if he knows that something has impured it after the rain, and if it hits him after three days, wash it, and if it was the clean road, do not wash it’’.[200]
5- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الدُّودِ يَقَعُ مِنَ الْكَنِيفِ عَلَى الثَّوْبِ أَ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the previous chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the insect falling from the toilet upon the clothes, ‘Can one pray Salat in it?’
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَرَى أَثَراً فَتَغْسِلُهُ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem except if you were to see traces, so you wash it’’.[201]
وَ مِنْهُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَمُرُّ بِالْمَكَانِ فِيهِ الْعَذِرَةُ فَتَهُبُّ الرِّيحُ فَتَسْفِي عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْعَذِرَةِ فَيُصِيبُ ثَوْبَهُ وَ رَأْسَهُ أَ يُصَلِّي قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْسِلَهُ
And from him, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man passing by the place in which is the excrement. The wind blows so it pours from the excrement upon him and his head, ‘Can he prays Salat before he washes it?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ يَنْفُضُهُ وَ يُصَلِّي فَلَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes, he can shake it off and pray Salat. There is no problem’’.[202]
باب 9 حكم ما لاقى نجسا رطبا أو يابسا
CHAPTER 9 – RULING OF WHAT IMPURITY IS FACED, WET OR DRY
1- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: الْمُؤْمِنُ لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father, from Ibn Abu Najran, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara and Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The Momin, nothing impure’s him’’.[203]
بيان: فِي الْكَافِي عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّمَا الْوُضُوءُ حَدٌّ مِنْ حُدُودِ اللَّهِ لِيَعْلَمَ اللَّهُ مَنْ يُطِيعُهُ وَ مَنْ يَعْصِيهِ وَ إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْءٌ إِنَّمَا يَكْفِيهِ مِثْلُ الدُّهْنِ.
Explanation – In Al Kafi – from Ali Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazan, from Hammad, from Hareyz and Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘But rather, the Wud’u is a limit from the limits of Allah-azwj for Allah-azwj to Know who obeys Him-azwj and who disobeys Him-azwj, and the Momin is such, nothing impure’s him. But rather, the likes of oil suffices him’’.[204]
2- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْفَأْرَةِ وَ الدَّجَاجَةِ وَ الْحَمَامَةِ وَ أَشْبَاهِهِنَّ تَطَأُ الْعَذِرَةَ ثُمَّ تَطَأُ الثَّوْبَ أَ يُغْسَلُ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – by his chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the mouse, and the chicken, and the pigeon and their like treading the excrement, then treading the clothes, ‘Shall I wash?’
قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ اسْتَبَانَ مِنْ أَثَرِهِنَّ شَيْءٌ فَاغْسِلْهُ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا بَأْسَ
He-asws said: ‘If something from their traces were to be apparent, then wash it, or else there is no problem’’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَمْشِي فِي الْعَذِرَةِ وَ هِيَ يَابِسَةٌ فَتُصِيبُ ثَوْبَهُ وَ رِجْلَيْهِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَيُصَلِّيَ وَ لَا يَغْسِلَ مَا أَصَابَهُ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the man walking in the excrement and it is dry, so it hits his clothes and his legs, ‘Is it correct for him to enter the Masjid, so he prays Salat and he has not washed what has hit him?’
قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ يَابِساً فَلَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘When it were to be dry, there is no problem’’.[205]
3- وَ مِنْهُ، وَ مِنْ كِتَابِ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِسَنَدَيْهِمَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَكَانِ يُغْتَسَلُ فِيهِ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ أَوْ يُبَالُ فِيهِ أَ فَيَصْلُحُ أَنْ يُفْرَشَ فِيهِ
And from him, and from ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by their chains,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the place wherein it is washed from the sexual impurity, or urinated it, ‘Is it correct to spread a bed in it?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ يَصْلُحُ ذَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَ جَافّاً.
He-asws said: ‘Yes, that is correct when it were to be dry’’.[206]
4- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، رَخَّصُوا صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي مَسِّ النَّجَاسَةِ الْيَابِسَةِ الثَّوْبَ وَ الْجَسَدَ إِذَا لَمْ يَعْلَقْ بِهِمَا شَيْءٌ مِنْهَا كَالْعَذِرَةِ الْيَابِسَةِ وَ الْكَلْبِ وَ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَ الْمَيْتَةِ.
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘They-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws, have allowed regarding the dry impurity touching the clothes and the body, when nothing from it attaches with these, like the dry excrement, and the dog, and the pig, and the dead’’.[207]
5- كِتَابُ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يُجْنِبُ وَ عَلَيْهِ قَمِيصُهُ تُصِيبُهُ السَّمَاءُ فَتَبُلُّ قَمِيصَهُ وَ هُوَ جُنُبٌ أَ يَغْسِلُ قَمِيصَهُ قَالَ لَا.
The book of Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Abu Usama,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘The man becomes with sexual impurity, and upon him is a shirt hit by the sky (sunshine). His shirt gets wet (from sweat) and he is with sexual impurity, ‘Should he wash his shirt?’ He-asws said: ‘No’’.[208]
باب 10 ما يلزم في تطهير البدن و الثياب و غيرها
CHAPTER 10 – WHAT NECESSITATES IN CLEANSING THE BODY AND THE CLOTHES, AND OTHER SUCH
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، وَ كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِسَنَدَيْهِمَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْفِرَاشِ يَكُونُ كَثِيرَ الصُّوفِ فَيُصِيبُهُ الْبَوْلُ كَيْفَ يُغْسَلُ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’, and ‘Kitaab Al Masaail’ – by their chains,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the mattress being of a lot of wool. The urine hits it, ‘How would it be washed?’
قَالَ يُغْسَلُ الظَّاهِرُ ثُمَّ يُصَبُّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءُ فِي الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي أَصَابَهُ الْبَوْلُ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ مِنْ جَانِبِ الْفِرَاشِ الْآخَرِ
He-asws said: ‘He should wash the apparent, then pour the water upon in in the place which the urine had hit from the other side of the mattress’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اسْتَاكَ أَوْ تَخَلَّلَ فَخَرَجَ مِنْ فَمِهِ الدَّمُ أَ يَنْقُضُ ذَلِكَ الْوُضُوءَ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ يَتَمَضْمَضُ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about a man who brushes teeth or pick teeth, and the blood emerges from his mouth, ‘Does that break the Wud’u?’ He-asws said: ‘No, but he should rinse’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَصُبُّ مِنْ فِيهِ الْمَاءَ يَغْسِلُ بِهِ الشَّيْءَ يَكُونُ فِي ثَوْبِهِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the man who pour the water from his mouth to wash by it something being in his clothes, and he is fasting. He-asws said: ‘No problem’’.[209]
بيان: مَا رَوَاهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي مَحْمُودٍ فِي الصَّحِيحِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا ع الطِّنْفِسَةُ وَ الْفِرَاشُ يُصِيبُهُمَا الْبَوْلُ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِ وَ هُوَ ثَخِينٌ كَثِيرُ الْحَشْوِ قَالَ يُغْسَلُ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهُ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَ حَمَلَهُ عَلَى مَا إِذَا لَمْ تَسْرِ النَّجَاسَةُ فِي أَجْزَائِهِ.
Explanation (Ahadeeth only) – What is reported by Ibrahim Bin Abu Mahmoud in ‘Al Saheeh’ who said, ‘I said to Al-Reza-asws, ‘The rug and the mattress, the urine hits them, how would one deal with it and it is thick with a lot of stuffing?’ He-asws said: ‘He should wash what is apparent from it in its surface, and carry it based upon what, when impurity has not spread in its parts’’.
رُوِيَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنِ الثَّوْبِ يُصِيبُهُ الْبَوْلُ فَيَنْفُذُ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ وَ عَنِ الْفَرْوِ وَ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَشْوِ قَالَ اغْسِلْ مَا أَصَابَ مِنْهُ وَ مَسَّ الْجَانِبَ الْآخَرَ فَإِنْ أَصَبْتَ مَسَّ شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ فَاغْسِلْهُ وَ إِلَّا فَانْضَحْهُ بِالْمَاءِ.
It is reported from Ibrahim Bin Abdul Hameed who said, ‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about the clothes hit by urine, so it runs from the other side, and about the furs and what is in it from the padding. He-asws said: ‘Wash what has been hit from it, and wipe the other side. If the wiping touches something from it, then wash it, or else sprinkle it with the water’’.
رِوَايَةُ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِيِّ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَسِيلُ مِنْ أَنْفِهِ الدَّمُ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَغْسِلَ بَاطِنَهُ يَعْنِي جَوْفَ الْأَنْفِ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَغْسِلَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهُ.
A report by Ammar Al Sabaty who said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws was asked about a man the blood flows from his nose, ‘Is it upon him to wash its interior, meaning inside of the nose?’ He-asws said: ‘But rather, upon him is to wash what is apparent from it’’.
2- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، قَالُوا صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ كُلُّ مَا يُغْسَلُ مِنْهُ الثَّوْبُ يُغْسَلُ مِنْهُ الْجَسَدُ إِذَا أَصَابَهُ.
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘They-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws, said: ‘All (impurities) what the clothes are to be washed from, the body will be washed from, when it hits it’’.[210]
3- الْهِدَايَةُ، الثَّوْبُ إِذَا أَصَابَهُ الْبَوْلُ غُسِلَ بما [بِمَاءٍ] جَارٍ مَرَّةً وَ إِنْ غُسِلَ بِمَاءٍ رَاكِدٍ فَمَرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ يُعْصَرُ وَ بَوْلُ الْغُلَامِ الرَّضِيعِ يُصَبُّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءُ صَبّاً وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ أَكَلَ الطَّعَامَ غُسِلَ وَ الْغُلَامُ وَ الْجَارِيَةُ فِي هَذَا سَوَاءٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘The clothes, when the urine hits it, will be washed once with flowing water, and if it is washed with still water, then twice, then it will be squeezed; and urine of the boy being breastfed, the water will be poured upon it with a pouring, and if he is eating the food, it will be washed, and the boy and the girls are same in this’’.[211]
4- مَعَانِي الْأَخْبَارِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَارُونَ الزَّنْجَانِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ عَنْ هَيْثَمٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَتَى بِالْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَبَالَ فَأَخَذَ فَقَالَ لَا تُزْرِمُوا ابْنِي ثُمَّ دَعَا بِمَاءٍ فَصَبَّهُ عَلَيْهِ.
‘The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – from Muhammad Bin Haroun Al Zanjany, from Ali Bin Abdul Aziz, from Abu Ubeyd Al Qasim Bin Sallam, from Haysam, from Yunus, from Al-Hassan,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww was brought Al-Hassan Bin Ali-asws. He-asws urinated. He-asws was seized. He-saww said: ‘Do not cut urination of my-saww son-asws!’ Then he-saww called for water and poured upon it’’.[212]
5- الْمُقْنِعُ، رُوِيَ فِي امْرَأَةٍ لَيْسَ لَهَا إِلَّا قَمِيصٌ وَاحِدٌ وَ لَهَا مَوْلُودٌ يَبُولُ عَلَيْهَا أَنَّهَا تَغْسِلُ الْقَمِيصَ فِي الْيَوْمِ مَرَّةً.
(The book) ‘Al Muqnie’ – It is reported regarding a woman not having for her except one shirt (dress), and there is a new-born of hers who urinates upon her, she should wash the shirt once during the day’’.[213]
باب 11 أحكام الغسالات
CHAPTER 11 – RULINGS OF THE WASHTUBS (ETC.)
1- مَجَالِسُ ابْنِ الشَّيْخِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَخْلَدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الرَّزَّازِ عَنْ حَامِدِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي غَسَّانَ عَنْ شَرِيكٍ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ مَيْمُونَةَ زَوْجَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: أَجْنَبْتُ أَنَا وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَاغْتَسَلْتُ مِنْ جَفْنَةٍ وَ فَضَلَتْ فِيهَا فَضْلَةٌ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَاغْتَسَلَ مِنْهَا
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ – Ibn Al Sheykh, from Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Makhlad, from Muhammad Bin Amro Al Razzaz, from Hamid Bin Sahl, from Abu Gassan, from Shareek, from Shimak, from Ikrima, from Ibn Abbas,
‘From Maymouna-ra, wife-ra of Rasool-Allah-saww, said: ‘I-ra an Rasool-Allah-saww became with sexual impurity. I-ra washed from a pot and there remained a surplus in it. Rasool-Allah-saww came and washed from it.
فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّمَا فَضْلَةٌ مِنِّي أَوْ قَالَتْ اغْتَسَلْتُ
I-ra said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! But rather the surplus is from me-ra!’ Or she-ra said: ‘I-ra have washed’.
فَقَالَ لَيْسَ الْمَاءُ جَنَابَةً.
He-saww said: ‘The water isn’t sexual impurity’’.[214]
بيان: ثم قال الشيخ في الخلاف وَ رَوَى ابْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ يَتَوَضَّأُ الرَّجُلُ بِفَضْلِ المَرْأَةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِذَا كَانَتْ تَعْرِفُ الْوُضُوءَ وَ تَغْسِلُ يَدَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تُدْخِلَهَا الْإِنَاءَ.
Explanation (Hadeeth only) – Then the sheykh said in ‘Al khilaf’, ‘And it is reported by Ibn Mukan, from a man, from Abu Abdullah-asws, he said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Can the man perform Wud’u with the leftover (water) of the woman?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, when she knows the Wud’u and she washes her hands before she enters into the container’’.
2- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ ابْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَشْرِقِ عَنِ الْعِيزَارِ عَنِ الْأَحْوَلِ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ سَلْ عَمَّا شِئْتَ فَأُرْتِجَتْ عَلَيَّ الْمَسَائِلُ فَقَالَ لِي سَلْ عَمَّا بَدَا لَكَ
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ibn Bazie, from Yunus, from a man from people of the east, from Al Ayzar, from Al Ahwal who said,
‘I entered to see Abu Abdullah-asws. He-asws said: ‘Ask about whatever you so desire to’. I was hesitant with the questioning. He-asws said to me: ‘Ask about whatever comes to you’.
فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ الرَّجُلُ يَسْتَنْجِي فَيَقَعُ ثَوْبُهُ فِي الْمَاءِ الَّذِي اسْتَنْجَى بِهِ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! The man cleanses from the toilet, so his clothes fall into the water which he had cleansed with’. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with it’.
فَسَكَتُّ فَقَالَ أَ وَ تَدْرِي لِمَ صَارَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ قُلْتُ لَا وَ اللَّهِ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
I was silent. He-asws said: ‘And do you know why it became being no problem with it?’ I said, ‘No, by Allah-azwj, may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
فَقَالَ ع إِنَّ الْمَاءَ أَكْثَرُ مِنَ الْقَذَرِ.
He-asws said: ‘The water is more than the dirt’’.[215]
3- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَغْتَسِلُ فَوْقَ الْبَيْتِ فَيَكِفُ فَيُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ مِمَّا يَقْطُرُ هَلْ تَصْلُحُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُغْسَلَ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Abdullah Bin Al-Hassan, from his grandfather,
‘Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man bathing above the house. So he (passer by) pauses, and the clothes get hit from what drops, ‘Is the Salat correct in it before he washes?’
قَالَ لَا يُصَلِّي فِيهِ حَتَّى يَغْسِلَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘He should not pray Salat in it until he washes’’.[216]
4- الْبَصَائِرُ، لِلصَّفَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ سَلْ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَخْبَرْتُكَ
(The book) ‘Al Basaair’ of Al Saffar – from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Shiham Bin Abd Rabih who said,
‘I came to Abu Abdullah-asws. He-asws said: ‘Ask, and if you so desire, I-asws shall inform you’.
قُلْتُ أَخْبِرْنِي
I said, ‘Inform me’.
قَالَ جِئْتَ لِتَسْأَلَنِي عَنِ الْجُنُبِ يَغْتَسِلُ فَيَقْطُرُ الْمَاءُ مِنْ جِسْمِهِ فِي الْإِنَاءِ أَوْ يَنْضِحُ الْمَاءُ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ فَيَقَعُ فِي الْإِنَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘You have come to ask me-asws about the one with sexual impurity, so the water drips from his body into the container, or the water emerges from the ground and falls into the container’.
قُلْتُ نَعَمْ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
I said, ‘Yes, may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
قَالَ لَيْسَ بِهَذَا بَأْسٌ كُلِّهِ.
He-asws said: ‘There isn’t any problem with this, all of it’’.[217]
5- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا ع، إِنِ اغْتَسَلْتَ مِنْ مَاءٍ فِي وَحْدَةٍ وَ خَشِيتَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ مَا تَصُبُّ عَلَيْكَ أَخَذْتَ كَفّاً فَصَبَبْتَ عَلَى رَأْسِكَ وَ عَلَى جَانِبَيْكَ كَفّاً كَفّاً ثُمَّ امْسَحْ بِيَدِكَ وَ تَدَلَّكْ بَدَنَكَ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – ‘If you were to be bathing in a basin and you fear that what you have poured upon you might return (into the basin), take a handful and pour it upon your head and upon your sides, handful by handful, then wipe with your hand and massage your body’’.[218]
6- مَحَاسِنُ الْبَرْقِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَزْرَمِيِّ عَنْ حَاتِمِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَشْرَبُ وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ ثُمَّ شَرِبَ مِنْ فَضْلِ وَضُوئِهِ وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص صَنَعَ هَكَذَا.
(The book) ‘Mahasin’ of Al Barqy – from Ibn Al Azramy, from Hatim Bin Ismail,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws having drunk (water) while he-asws was standing, then he-asws drank from remnants of his-asws Wud’u (water) while he-asws was standing, then said: ‘I-asws saw Rasool-Allah-azwj doing like this’’.[219]
7- الذِّكْرَى، وَ الْمُعْتَبَرُ، عَنِ الْعِيصِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَصَابَتْهُ قَطْرَةٌ مِنْ طَشْتٍ فِيهِ وَضُوءٌ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ بَوْلٍ وَ قَذَرٍ فَلْيَغْسِلْ مَا أَصَابَهُ.
(The books) ‘Al Zikry’, and ‘Al Mo’tabar’ – from Al Ays Bin Al Qasim who said,
‘I asked him-asws about a man hit by a drop from a tray wherein is Wud’u water. He-asws said: ‘If it was from urine or filth, let him wash whatever has hit him’’.[220]
8- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُ الْمَاءَ فِي السَّاقِيَةِ مُسْتَنْقِعاً فَيَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ يَكُونَ السِّبَاعُ قَدْ شَرِبَتْ مِنْهُ يَغْتَسِلُ مِنْهُ لِلْجَنَابَةِ وَ يَتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ لِلصَّلَاةِ إِذَا كَانَ لَا يَجِدُ غَيْرَهُ وَ الْمَاءُ لَا يَبْلُغُ صَاعاً لِلْجَنَابَةِ وَ لَا مُدّاً لِلْوُضُوءِ وَ هُوَ مُتَفَرِّقٌ وَ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Abdullah Bin Al-Hassan, from his grandfather,
‘Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man pouring the water in the marshy stream. He fears that the wild animal have drunk from it. He washes from it for the sexual impurity and performs Wud’u from it for the Salat when he cannot find (water) other than it, and the water does not reach four handfuls for the sexual impurity, nor a handful for the Wud’u, and it is sporadic, and what he should do.
قَالَ إِذَا كَانَتْ كَفُّهُ نَظِيفَةً فَلْيَأْخُذْ كَفّاً مِنَ الْمَاءِ بِيَدٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ لْيَنْضِحْهُ خَلْفَهُ وَ كَفّاً أَمَامَهُ وَ كَفّاً عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ كَفّاً عَنْ يَسَارِهِ فَإِنْ خَشِيَ أَنْ لَا يَكْفِيَهُ غَسَلَ رَأْسَهُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ جِلْدَهُ بِهِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُجْزِيهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
He-asws said: ‘When his palm were to be clean, let him take a handful of the water by one hand and let him splash in his back, and a handful in his front, and a handful on his right, and a handful on his left. If he fears that it might not suffice him, he should wash his head three times, then wipe his skin with it, for that would suffice him, if Allah-azwj so Desires.
وَ إِنْ كَانَ لِلْوُضُوءِ غَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ وَ مَسَحَ يَدَهُ عَلَى ذِرَاعَيْهِ وَ رَأْسِهِ وَ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمَاءُ مُتَفَرِّقاً يَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يَجْمَعَهُ جَمَعَهُ وَ إِلَّا اغْتَسَلَ مِنْ هَذَا وَ هَذَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِي مَكَانٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ هُوَ قَلِيلٌ لَا يَكْفِيهِ لِغُسْلِهِ فَلَا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ وَ يُرْجِعَ الْمَاءَ فِيهِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُجْزِيهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
And if it were to be for the Wud’u, he should wash his face and wipe his hand upon his arm, and his head, and his legs; and if the water were to be sporadic, he is able upon collecting it, he should collect it, or else he should wash from this and this; and if he were to be in one place, and it is like not being sufficient for his washing, it is not upon him to wash, and he should return the water in it, for that would suffice him, if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.[221]
بيان: عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْبَجَلِيِّ وَ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُ الْمَاءَ فِي سَاقِيَةٍ أَوْ مُسْتَنْقَعٍ أَ يَغْتَسِلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ أَوْ يَتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ لِلصَّلَاةِ إِذَا كَانَ لَا يَجِدُ غَيْرَهُ وَ الْمَاءُ لَا يَبْلُغُ صَاعاً لِلْجَنَابَةِ وَ لَا مُدّاً لِلْوُضُوءِ وَ هُوَ مُتَفَرِّقٌ فَكَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ وَ هُوَ يَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ تَكُونَ السِّبَاعُ قَدْ شَرِبَتْ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَتْ يَدُهُ نَظِيفَةً إِلَى آخِرِ مَا مَرَّ.
Explanation (Ahadeeth) only – From Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Musa Bin Al Qasim Al Bajaly and Abu Qatada,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man pouring the water in a stream or marsh, ‘Can he wash from the sexual impurity, or perform Wud’u from it for the Salat when he cannot find other than it, and the water neither reaches found handfuls for the sexual impurity nor a handful for the Wud’u, and it is sporadic? How should he deal with it and he is fearing that the wild animals may have drunk from it?’ He-asws said: ‘When his hand were to be clean’ – up to end of what has passed’’.
الشَّيْخُ فِي التَّهْذِيبِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي صَاحِبٌ لِي ثِقَةٌ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَنْتَهِي إِلَى الْمَاءِ الْقَلِيلِ فِي الطَّرِيقِ وَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ إِنَاءٌ وَ الْمَاءُ فِي وَهْدَةٍ فَإِنْ هُوَ اغْتَسَلَ رَجَعَ غِسْلُهُ فِي الْمَاءِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ
The Sheykh in ‘Al Tahzeeb’ – from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibn Sinan, from Ibn Muskan who said, ‘It is narrated to me by a trusted companion of mine, he asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the man ending to the little water in the road, and he wants to wash and there isn’t any utensil with him, and the water is in a low level of the ground. If he washes, his wash water will return back in the water, ‘How should he deal with it?’
قَالَ يَنْضِحُ بِكَفٍّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ كَفّاً مِنْ خَلْفِهِ وَ كَفّاً عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ كَفّاً عَنْ شِمَالِهِ ثُمَّ يَغْتَسِلُ.
He-asws said: ‘He should splash a handful in his front, and a handful in his back, and a handful on his right, and a handful on his left, then wash’’.
رَوَاهُ الشَّيْخُ وَ الْكُلَيْنِيُّ فِي الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الْكَاهِلِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ مَاءً وَ فِيهِ قِلَّةٌ فَانْضِحْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ وَ عَنْ يَسَارِكَ وَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَ تَوَضَّأْ.
It is reported by the sheykh and Al Kulayni, in ‘Al Hasan’, from Al Kahily who said, ‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘When you come to water and there is scarcity in it, then splash on your right, and on your left, and in your front, and wash’’.
وَ الشَّيْخُ فِي الْمُوَثَّقِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّا نُسَافِرُ فَرُبَّمَا بُلِينَا بِالْغَدِيرِ مِنَ الْمَطَرِ يَكُونُ إِلَى جَانِبِ الْقَرْيَةِ فَيَكُونُ فِيهِ الْعَذِرَةُ وَ يَبُولُ فِيهِ الصَّبِيُّ وَ تَبُولُ فِيهِ الدَّابَّةُ وَ تَرُوثُ
And the sheykh in ‘Al Muwasiq’ – from Abu Baseer who said, ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘We tend to travel. Sometimes we become drenched from the rain by a well happening to be to a side of the town. There happens to be the excrement in it and the children have urinated in it, and the animals have urinated in it and defecated’.
فَقَالَ إِنْ عَرَضَ فِي قَلْبِكَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ فَقُلْ هَكَذَا يَعْنِي أَفْرِجِ الْمَاءَ بِيَدِكَ ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأْ فَإِنَّ الدِّينَ لَيْسَ بِمُضَيَّقٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ ما جَعَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ.
He-asws said: ‘If something from it raises an objection in your heart, then say like this, cleaving the water with your hand, then perform Wud’u. The religion isn’t with the constriction, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: and He did not Make any hardship upon you in the Religion [22:78]’’.
وَ نَقَلَ الْفَاضِلَانِ فِي الْمُعْتَبَرِ وَ الْمُنْتَهَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ أَنَّهُ رَوَى فِي جَامِعِهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُيَسِّرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنِ الْجُنُبِ يَنْتَهِي إِلَى الْمَاءِ الْقَلِيلِ وَ الْمَاءُ فِي وَهْدَةٍ فَإِنْ هُوَ اغْتَسَلَ رَجَعَ غِسْلُهُ فِي الْمَاءِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ يَنْضِحُ بِكَفٍّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ كَفٍّ خَلْفَهُ وَ كَفٍّ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ كَفٍّ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ وَ يَغْتَسِلُ.
And the meritorious ones can transmitted in ‘Al Mo’tabar’, and ‘Al Muntaha’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr Al Bazanty, having reported in his ‘Jamie’, from Abdul Kareem, from Muhammad Bin Muyassir, ‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he-asws was asked about the one with sexual impurity ending to the little water, and the water is in a low level of the ground. If he washes, his washing water will return into the water. How should he deal with it?’ He-asws said: ‘He should splash a handful in his front, and a handful in his back, and a handful on his right, and a handful on his left, then he should wash’’.
باب 12 تطهير الأرض و الشمس و ما تطهرانه و الاستحالة و القدر المطهر منها
CHAPTER 12 – PURIFICATION BY THE EARTH, AND THE SUN, AND WHAT ARE ITS PURIFICATIONS, AND THE TRANSFORMATION, AND THE MEASUREMENT OF THE PURIFICATION FROM IT
1- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جُعِلَتْ لِيَ الْأَرْضُ مَسْجِداً وَ طَهُوراً الْخَبَرَ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Al Waleed, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Saffar, from Al-Husayn Bin Al-Hassan Bin Aban, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad Bin Usman, from Islamil Al Jufy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The earth has been Made to be a Masjid (place of Sajdah) for me-saww and a purifier’ – the Hadeeth’’.[222]
2- مَعَانِي الْأَخْبَارِ، وَ الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الشَّاهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْبَغْدَادِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ السُّخْتِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى جَعَلْتُ لَكَ وَ لِأُمَّتِكَ الْأَرْضَ كُلَّهَا مَسْجِداً وَ تُرَابَهَا طَهُوراً الْخَبَرَ.
(The books) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’, and ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali Bi Al Shah, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Baghdady, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Al Sukkht, from Muhammad Bin Al Aswad, from Ayoub Bin Suleyman, from Abu Al Bakhtari, from Muhammad Bin Humeyd, from Muhammad Bin Al Munkadir,
‘From Jabir Bin Abdullah-ra, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: “I-azwj have Made for you -saww and for your-saww community, the earth, all of it as a Masjid, and its soil as a purifier” – the Hadeeth’’.[223]
3- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْبَوَارِيِّ يُبَلُّ قَصَبُهَا بِمَاءٍ قَذِرٍ أَ تَصْلُحُ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيْهَا إِذَا يَبِسَتْ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ – from Abdullah Bin Al-Hassan, from his grandfather,
‘Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the neglected land, its reeds being wet with dirty water, ‘Is the Salat correct upon it when it is dry?’ He-asws No problem’’.[224]
4- وَ مِنْهُ عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَرَى بَأْساً أَنْ يُطْرَحَ فِي الْمَزَارِعِ الْعَذِرَةُ.
And from him, from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakhtari,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws, he-asws did not see any problem with excrement being dropped in the fields’’.[225]
5- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْآدَمِيِّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ رَأَى أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع يَأْكُلُ الْكُرَّاثَ مِنَ الْمَشَارَةِ يَعْنِي الدَّبْرَةَ يَغْسِلُهُ بِالْمَاءِ وَ يَأْكُلُهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Abu Saeed Al Adamy who said,
‘It is narrated to me by the one who saw Abu Al-Hassan-asws eating the leeks from ‘Al Masharah’, meaning the back. He-asws washed it with the water and ate it’’.[226]
6- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ رَأَى أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع بِخُرَاسَانَ يَأْكُلُ الْكُرَّاثَ فِي الْبُسْتَانِ كَمَا هُوَ فَقِيلَ إِنَّ فِيهِ السَّمَادَ فَقَالَ لَا يَعْلَقُ بِهِ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Dawood Bin Abu Dawood,
‘From a man who saw Abu Al-Hassan-asws at Khurasan eating the leeks in the orchard, just as it was. It was said, ‘There is the fertiliser in it!’ He-asws said: ‘Nothing from is attached with it’’.[227]
7- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ الْخُزَاعِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع بِخُرَاسَانَ فِي رَوْضَةٍ وَ هُوَ يَأْكُلُ الْكُرَّاثَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ يُسَمَّدُ فَقَالَ لَا يَعْلَقُ بِهِ شَيْءٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Ibrahim Bin Uqbah Al Khuzaie, from Yahya Bin Suleyman who said,
‘I saw Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws at Khurasan in an orchard and he-asws was eating the leek’ – up to his words, ‘It has fertiliser’. He-asws said: ‘Nothing is attached with it’’.[228]
8- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ عَنْ وَضَّاحٍ التَّمَّارِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ مَنْ أَكْثَرَ أَكْلَ الْهِنْدَبَاءِ أَيْسَرَ
And from him, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Ahmad Bin Al Fazl, from Wazzah who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘One who frequents eating the endives will become affluent’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّهُ يُسَمَّدُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘It fertilises?’
قَالَ لَا تَعْدِلْ بِهِ شَيْئاً.
He-asws said: ‘Nothing equates with it’’.[229]
9- مَجَالِسُ الشَّيْخِ، عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَفَّارِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الدِّعْبِلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: مَا مِنْ صَبَاحٍ إِلَّا وَ تَقْطُرُ عَلَى الْهِنْدَبَاءِ قَطْرَةٌ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَكُلُوهُ وَ لَا تَنْفُضُوهُ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of the sheykh – from HIlal Bin Muhammad Al Haffar, from Ismail Bin Ali Al Deobali, from his father,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There is none from a morning except and there drips upon the endive a drop from the Paradise, therefore eat it and do not shake it (dew)’’.[230]
10- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، مَا وَقَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْأَمَاكِنِ الَّتِي أَصَابَهَا شَيْءٌ مِنَ النَّجَاسَةِ مِنَ الْبَوْلِ وَ غَيْرِهَا طَهَّرَتْهَا وَ أَمَّا الثِّيَابُ فَلَا يَتَطَهَّرُ إِلَّا بِالْغَسْلِ.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – ‘Whatever the sun (shin) falls upon it, from the places hit by something from the purities, from the urine and other such, (except) it purifies it; and as for the clothes, these cannot be purified except with the washing’’.[231]
11- السَّرَائِرُ، مِنْ كِتَابِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ طَرِيقِي إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فِي زُقَاقٍ يُبَالُ فِيهِ فَرُبَّمَا مَرَرْتُ فِيهِ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيَّ حِذَاءٌ فَيَلْصَقُ بِرِجْلِي مِنْ نَدَاوَتِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Saraarir’ – from the book of Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Basr Al Bazanty, from Al Mufazzal, from Muhammad Al Halby who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘In my way to the Masjid there is an alleyway being urinated in. Sometimes I pass by in it and there aren’t any shoes upon me, so its wetness sticks with my legs’.
فَقَالَ أَ لَيْسَ تَمْشِي بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فِي أَرْضٍ يَابِسَةٍ
He-asws said: ‘Don’t you walk after that in dry ground?’
قُلْتُ بَلَى
I said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَلَا بَأْسَ إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ يُطَهِّرُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضاً
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem. Part of the ground purifies (the other) part’.
قُلْتُ فَأَطَأُ عَلَى الرَّوْثِ الرَّطْبِ
I said, ‘Supposing I tread upon the wet excrement?’
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ رُبَّمَا وَطِئْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أُصَلِّي وَ لَا أَغْسِلُهُ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem. But, by Allah-azwj! Sometimes I-asws tread upon it, then I-asws pray Salat and I-asws do not wash it’’.[232]
12- إِرْشَادُ الْقُلُوبِ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِنَبِيِّهِ لَيْلَةَ الْمِعْرَاجِ كَانَتِ الْأُمَمُ السَّالِفَةُ إِذَا أَصَابَهُمْ أَذًى نَجَسٌ قَرَضُوهُ مِنْ أَجْسَادِهِمْ وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُ الْمَاءَ طَهُوراً لِأُمَّتِكَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْأَنْجَاسِ وَ الصَّعِيدَ فِي الْأَوْقَاتِ الْخَبَرَ.
(The book) ‘Irshad Al Quloub’ –
‘From Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Said to His-azwj Prophet-saww on the night of the Ascension: “The previous communities were such, whenever a harm of an impurity befell them, they had to scratch it off from their bodies, and I-azwj have Made the water as a purifier for your-saww community from entirety of the impurities, and the soil (Tayammum) in the (certain) timings!” – the Hadeeth’’.[233]
13- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْجِصِّ يُطْبَخُ بِالْعَذِرَةِ أَ يَصْلُحُ أَنْ يُجَصَّصَ بِهِ الْمَسْجِدُ قَالَ ع لَا بَأْسَ.
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by his chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the plaster cooked with (upon) the excrement (as firewood), ‘Is it correct to plaster the Masjid with it?’ He-asws said: ‘No problem’’.[234]
14- وَ مِنْهُ، وَ مِنْ قُرْبِ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْهُ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ يَكُونُ أَوَّلُهُ خَمْراً ثُمَّ يَصِيرُ خَلًّا أَ يُؤْكَلُ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِذَا ذَهَبَ سُكْرُهُ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
And from it, and from ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’ –
‘From him, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the wine, it’s beginning being wine, then it becomes vinegar, ‘Can it be eaten?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, when it’s intoxication is gone, there is no problem’’.[235]
15- كِتَابُ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ الْحَذَّاءِ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ الْحَمَّامَ فَلَمَّا خَرَجْتُ دَعَوْتُ بِمَاءٍ وَ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَغْسِلَ قَدَمِي
The book of Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Abu Ubeyda Al Haza’a who said,
‘I entered the bathhouse. When I came out I called for the water and wanted to wash my feet’.
قَالَ فَزَبَرَنِي أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ نَهَانِي عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لَيُطَهِّرُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضاً.
He (the narrator said), ‘Abu Ja’far-asws scolded me and forbade me from that, and he-asws said: ‘The ground, part of it tends to purify (the other) part’’.[236]
16- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، قَالُوا ع فِي الْمُتَطَهِّرِ إِذَا مَشَى عَلَى أَرْضٍ نَجِسَةٍ ثُمَّ عَلَى طَاهِرَةٍ طَهَّرَتْ قَدَمَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘They-asws said regarding the purifiers: ‘When he walks upon unclean ground, then upon clean, it purifies his feet’’.[237]
17- وَ قَالُوا ع فِي الْأَرْضِ تُصِيبُهَا النَّجَاسَةُ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا إِلَّا أَنْ تُجَفِّفَهَا الشَّمْسُ وَ تَذْهَبَ بِرِيحِهَا فَإِنَّهَا إِذَا صَارَتْ كَذَلِكَ وَ لَمْ يُوجَدْ فِيهَا عَيْنُ النَّجَاسَةِ وَ لَا رِيحُهَا طَهُرَتْ.
And Imam-asws said regarding the ground hit by the impurity: ‘Do not pray Salat upon it except if the sun has dried it and its smell has gone. When it becomes like that and an eye of the impurity is not found in it nor its smell, it has been purified’’.[238]
18- تَوْحِيدُ الْمُفَضَّلِ، بِرِوَايَةِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: فَاعتَبِرْ بِمَا تَرَى مِنْ ضُرُوبِ الْمَآرِبِ فِي صَغِيرِ الْخَلْقِ وَ كَبِيرِهِ وَ بِمَا لَهُ قِيمَةٌ وَ بِمَا لَا قِيمَةَ لَهُ وَ أَخَسُّ مِنْ هَذَا وَ أَحْقَرُهُ الزِّبْلُ وَ الْعَذِرَةُ الَّتِي اجْتَمَعَتْ فِيهِ الْخَسَاسَةُ وَ النَّجَاسَةُ مَعاً وَ مَوْقِعُهَا مِنَ الزُّرُوعِ وَ الْبُقُولِ وَ الْخُضَرِ أَجْمَعُ الْمَوْقِعِ الَّذِي لَا يَعْدِلُهُ شَيْءٌ حَتَّى إِنَّ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْخُضَرِ لَا يَصْلُحُ وَ لَا يَزْكُو إِلَّا بِالزِّبْلِ وَ السَّمَادِ الَّذِي يَسْتَقْذِرُهُ النَّاسُ وَ يَكْرَهُونَ الدُّنُوَّ مِنْهُ الْخَبَرَ.
(The book) ‘Tawheed’ of Al Mufazzal, by a report of Ibn Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Therefore, take a lesson with what you see from a variety of the purposes in small creatures and its big ones, and with what there is a value for it and what has no value to it, and the worst from this and its most despicable is the droop and the excreta in which are gathered the nastiness and the filthiness both together, and its place from the cultivation and the legumes and the greenery (as fertiliser), and the gathering place to which nothing would return to it, to the extent that all things from the crops would not be healthy nor pure except by the waste and the fertiliser which the people find revolting and are abhorring to go near it’ – the Hadeeth’’.[239]
بيان: وَ رَوَاهُ الشَّيْخُ قَالَ: سَأَلَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنِ الْجِصِّ يُوقَدُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْعَذِرَةِ وَ عِظَامِ الْمَوْتَى ثُمَّ يُجَصَّصُ بِهِ الْمَسْجِدُ أَ يُسْجَدُ عَلَيْهِ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ بِخَطِّهِ إِنَّ الْمَاءَ وَ النَّارَ قَدْ طَهَّرَاهُ.
Explanation (Ahadeeth only) – And it is reported by the sheykh who said, ‘Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about the plaster ignited upon with the excrement and bones of the dead, then the Masjid is plastered with it, ‘Can one perform Sajdah upon it?’ He-asws wrote to him in his-asws handwriting: ‘The water and the fires have purified it’’.
باب 13 أحكام الأواني و تطهيرها
CHAPTER 13 – RULINGS OF THE UTENSILS AND THEIR PURIFICATION
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، وَ كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِسَنَدَيْهِمَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الشَّرَابِ فِي الْإِنَاءِ يُشْرَبُ فِيهِ الْخَمْرُ قَدَحِ عِيدَانٍ أَوْ بَاطِيَةٍ قَالَ إِذَا غَسَلَهُ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
(The books) ‘Qurb Al Asnaad’, and ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ – by their chains,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws (7th Imam-asws), he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the drink in the utensil the wine is being drunk it, a mug of two handles or a goblet. He-asws said: ‘When he has washed it, there is no problem’’.[240]
2- قَالَ: وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ دَنِّ الْخَمْرِ يُجْعَلُ فِيهِ الْخَلُّ أَوِ الزَّيْتُونُ أَوْ شِبْهُهُ قَالَ إِذَا غُسِلَ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the wine cask, the vinegar or the olive oil, or its like is made to be in it. He-asws said: ‘When he washes, there is no problem’’.[241]
3- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ جَرِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ الشَّامِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ النَّبِيذِ قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ كُلِّ مُسْكِرٍ وَ كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Muhamad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkil, from Abdul Allah Bin Ja’far Al Himeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Khalid Bin Jareed, from Abu Al Rabie Al Shamy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about Al Nabeez. He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-azwj forbade every intoxicant, and every intoxicant is prohibited’.
قُلْتُ فَالظُّرُوفُ الَّتِي تُصْنَعُ فِيهَا
I said, ‘The variety which is made in it?’
قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ الدُّبَّاءِ وَ المُزَفَّتِ وَ الْحَنْتَمِ وَ النَّقِيرِ
He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww forbade from ‘Al Dubba’a’, and ‘Al Mazaqqat’, and ‘Al Hantam’, and ‘Al Naqeer’ (containers of intoxicating drinks)’.
قُلْتُ وَ مَا ذَاكَ
I said, ‘And what is that?’
قَالَ الدُّبَّاءُ الْقَرْعُ وَ المُزَفَّتُ الدِّنَانُ وَ الْحَنْتَمُ جِرَارُ الْأُرْدُنِّ وَ النَّقِيرُ خَشَبَةٌ كَانَ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَنْقُرُونَهَا حَتَّى يَصِيرَ لَهَا أَجْوَافٌ يَنْبِذُونَ فِيهَا وَ قِيلَ إِنَّ الْحَنْتَمَ الْجِرَارُ الْخُضْرُ.
He-asws said: ‘(The containers) Al-Duba’a’ is the pumpkin (used to make Nabeez in it)’, and ‘Al-Mazzafat’ is ‘Al-Dinan’, ‘Al-Hantam’ is Jordanian jar, and ‘Al-Naqeer’ is wood. The people of the pre-Islamic period were puncturing holes in it until there would be the interior in it to make Nabeez in it. And it is said, ‘Al-Jirar’ is the green (clay jar to make Nabeez)’’.[242]
4- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ حُبِّ الْخَمْرِ أَ يُجْعَلُ فِيهِ الْخَلُّ وَ الزَّيْتُونُ أَوْ شِبْهُهُ قَالَ إِذَا غُسِلَ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masaail’ of Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about a container of wine, ‘Can I make the vinegar and the olive oil, or its like to be in it?’ He-asws said: ‘When washed, there is no problem’’.[243]
أبواب آداب الخلاء و الاستنجاء
CHAPTERS ON ETIQUETTES OF THE TOILET AND THE CLEANSING (FROM IT)
باب 1 علة الغائط و نتنه و علة نظر الإنسان إلى سفله حين التغوط و علة الاستنجاء
CHAPTER 1 – REASON FOR THE FAECES AND ITS STENCH, AND REASON OF THE HUMAN BEING LOOKING BELOW WHEN HE EXCRETES, AND REASON OF THE CLEANING (PRIVATE PARTS)
1- عِلَلُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْغَائِطِ فَقَالَ تَصْغِيرٌ لِابْنِ آدَمَ لِكَيْ لَا يَتَكَبَّرَ وَ هُوَ يَحْمِلُ غَائِطَهُ مَعَهُ.
(The book) ‘Ilal’ of Al Sadouq – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him‑asws about the faeces. He-asws said: ‘A belittling for the son of Adam-as so he may not become arrogant and he will be carrying his faeces with him’’.[244]
2- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْحَسَنِيِّ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ عِلَّةِ الْغَائِطِ وَ نَتْنِهِ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ آدَمَ ع وَ كَانَ جَسَدُهُ طَيِّباً وَ بَقِيَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً مُلْقًى تَمُرُّ بِهِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ فَتَقُولُ لِأَمْرٍ مَا خُلِقْتَ
And from him, from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Kufy, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Abdul Azeem Al Hasany who said,
‘I wrote to Abu Ja’far-asws the 2nd asking him-asws about reason for the faeces and its stench. He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Created Adam-as and his body was good, and he remained lying (on the ground) for forty years. The Angels passed by him. They said, ‘For a matter it has been Created’.
وَ كَانَ إِبْلِيسُ يَدْخُلُ [مِنْ] فِيهِ وَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ دُبُرِهِ فَلِذَلِكَ صَارَ مَا فِي جَوْفِ آدَمَ مُنْتِناً خَبِيثاً غَيْرَ طَيِّبٍ.
And it was so that Iblees used to enter from his body its mouth and exit from its backside. For that (reason) whatever was in the interior of Adam-as became stinky, wicked, not good’’.[245]
3- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ الْحَمَّارِ عَنِ الْعِيصِ بْنِ أَبِي مُهَيْنَةَ قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ سَأَلَهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ فَقَالَ مَا بَالُ الرَّجُلِ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ حَاجَتَهُ إِنَّمَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَى سُفْلَيْهِ وَ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ ثَمَّ
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Ja’far, from Dawood Al Hammar, from Al Ays Bin Abu Muhayna who said,
‘I witnessed Abu Abdullah-asws, and Amro Bin Ubeyd asked him-asws. He said, ‘What is the matter when the man wants to fulfil his need (toilet), he tends to look under him and at what comes out from there?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ يُرِيدُ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ مَلَكاً يَأْخُذُ بِعُنُقِهِ لِيُرِيَهُ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ أَ حَلَالٌ أَمْ حَرَامٌ.
He-asws said: ‘There isn’t anyone who intends that except Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Allocates an Angel with him seizing him by his neck to show him what is coming out from him, is it ‘Permissible (consumption) or Prohibited?’’[246]
بيان: رَوَاهُ فِي الْفَقِيهِ قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَقُولُ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ إِلَّا وَ بِهِ مَلَكٌ مُوَكَّلٌ يَلْوِي عُنُقَهُ حَتَّى يَنْظُرَ إِلَى حَدَثِهِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ هَذَا رِزْقُكَ فَانْظُرْ مِنْ أَيْنَ أَخَذْتَهُ وَ إِلَى مَا صَارَ
Explanation – It is reported in (the book) ‘Al-Faqeeh’ – He said, ‘Ali-asws said: ‘There is none from a servant except and there is an Angel allocated with him turning his neck until he looks at his excretion. Then the Angels says to him, ‘O son of Adam-as! This is your sustenance, therefore look (consider) where you have taken it from and to what it has become!’
فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَقُولَ اللَّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنِي الْحَلَالَ وَ جَنِّبْنِي الْحَرَامَ.
During that, it is befitting for the servant that he says, ‘O Allah-azwj! Grace me the Permissible and Keep me away from the Prohibited!’’
4- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ صَالِحٍ الْحَذَّاءِ عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُغِيرِيَّةِ عَنْ شَيْءٍ مِنَ السُّنَنِ فَقَالَ مَا شَيْءٌ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ مِنْ وُلْدِ آدَمَ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ جَرَتْ فِيهِ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ سُنَّةٌ عَرَفَهَا مَنْ عَرَفَهَا وَ أَنْكَرَهَا مَنْ أَنْكَرَهَا
(The book) ‘Al-Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Salih Bin Al-Sindy, from Ja’far Bin Bashir, from Salih Al-Haza’a, from Abu Usama who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws. A man from (clan of) Al-Mugheira asked him-asws about something from the Sunnah’s. He-asws said: ‘There is nothing anyone from the children of Adam-as can be needy to except and a Sunnah has already flowed from Allah-azwj and from His-azwj Rasool-saww. The one recognises it, recognises it, and the one who denies it, denies it’.
فَقَالَ فَمَا السُّنَّةُ فِي دُخُولِ الْخَلَاءِ
He said, ‘So what is the Sunnah regarding entering the toilet?’
قَالَ تَذْكُرُ اللَّهَ وَ تَتَعَوَّذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَ إِذَا فَرَغْتَ قُلْتَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى مَا أَخْرَجَ مِنِّي مِنَ الْأَذَى فِي يُسْرٍ مِنْهُ وَ عَافِيَةٍ
He-asws said: ‘You should remember Allah-azwj and seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the Satan-la, and when you are free, you should say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj upon what harm He-azwj has Expelled from me in ease from it and well-being’’.
قَالَ الرَّجُلُ فَالْإِنْسَانُ يَكُونُ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ وَ لَا يَصْبِرُ حَتَّى يَنْظُرَ إِلَى مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ
The man said, ‘Upon that situation, the human being is such and he has no patience until he looks at what is coming out from him’.
فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي الْأَرْضِ آدَمِيٌّ إِلَّا وَ مَعَهُ مَلَكَانِ مُوَكَّلَانِ بِهِ فَإِذَا كَانَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ ثَنَيَا رَقَبَتَهُ ثُمَّ قَالا يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ انْظُرْ إِلَى مَا كُنْتَ تَكْدَحُ لَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلَى مَا هُوَ صَائِرٌ.
He-asws said: ‘There isn’t any Adamite (human being) in the earth except and there are two Angels allocated with him. When he were to be upon that situation, they fold his neck, then they say, ‘O son of Adam-as! Look at what you have been toiling for in the world, to what it has become!’’[247]
5- مِصْبَاحُ الشَّرِيعَةِ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع سُمِّيَ الْمُسْتَرَاحُ مُسْتَرَاحاً لِاسْتِرَاحَةِ الْأَنْفُسِ مِنْ أَثْقَالِ النَّجَاسَاتِ وَ اسْتِفْرَاغِ الْكَثِيفَاتِ وَ الْقَذَرِ فِيهَا وَ الْمُؤْمِنُ يَعْتَبِرُ عِنْدَهَا أَنَّ الْخَالِصَ مِنْ طَعَامِ الدُّنْيَا كَذَلِكَ تَصِيرُ عَاقِبَتُهَا
(The book) ‘Misbah Al Sharaie’ –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘The toilet is called the rest room due to it resting the person from the load of the impurities and his being free from the filth and the dirt in it, and the Momin takes a lesson during it that the pure food of the world, its result has become like that.
فَيَسْتَرِيحُ بِالْعُدُولِ عَنْهَا وَ تَرْكِهَا وَ يُفَرِّغُ نَفْسَهُ وَ قَلْبَهُ عَنْ شُغُلِهَا وَ يَسْتَنْكِفُ عَنْ جَمْعِهَا وَ أَخْذِهَا اسْتِنْكَافَهُ عَنِ النَّجَاسَةِ وَ الْغَائِطِ وَ الْقَذَرِ وَ يَتَفَكَّرُ فِي نَفْسِهِ الْمُكَرَّمَةِ فِي حَالٍ كَيْفَ تَصِيرُ ذَلِيلَةً فِي حَالٍ
So, he rests with the turning away from it and leaving it, and he frees himself and his heart from being pre-occupied with it, and he is loathsome from entirety of it and takes his disapproval from the impurity, and the faeces, and the filth, he contemplates regarding his self being honourable in a state, how disgraceful it has become in a state.
وَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ التَّمَسُّكَ بِالْقَنَاعَةِ وَ التَّقْوَى يُورِثُ لَهُ رَاحَةَ الدَّارَيْنِ وَ أَنَّ الرَّاحَةَ فِي هَوَانِ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْفَرَاغِ مِنَ التَّمَتُّعِ بِهَا وَ فِي إِزَالَةِ النَّجَاسَةِ مِنَ الْحَرَامِ وَ الشُّبْهَةِ
And he knows that the adhering with the contentment and the piety will inherit for him rest (comfort) in the two houses (world and the Hereafter), and that the comfort is in deeming world as insignificant and being free from the enjoyment with it, and in isolating from the Prohibitions and suspect matters.
فَيُغْلِقُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ بَابَ الْكِبْرِ بَعْدَ مَعْرِفَتِهِ إِيَّاهَا وَ يَفِرُّ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ وَ يَفْتَحُ بَابَ التَّوَاضُعِ وَ النَّدَمِ وَ الْحَيَاءِ وَ يَجْتَهِدُ فِي أَدَاءِ أَوَامِرِهِ وَ اجْتِنَابِ نَوَاهِيهِ طَلَباً لِحُسْنِ الْمَآبِ وَ طِيبِ الزَّلَفِ
So, he locks from himself the door of arrogance after his having recognise it, and he flees from the sins, and he opens the door of humbleness, and the regret, and the embarrassment, and he struggles in fulfilling His-azwj Commands and shunning His-azwj Prohibitions, seeking the good abode (Hereafter) and goodly nearness.
وَ يَسْجُنُ نَفْسَهُ فِي سِجْنِ الْخَوْفِ وَ الصَّبْرِ وَ الْكَفِّ عَنِ الشَّهَوَاتِ إِلَى أَنْ يَتَّصِلَ بِأَمَانِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِي دَارِ الْقَرَارِ وَ يَذُوقَ طَعْمَ رِضَاهُ فَإِنَّ الْمُعَوَّلَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ مَا عَدَاهُ لَا شَيْءَ.
And he imprisons his soul in the prison of fear, and the patience, and the restraint from the lustful desires until he connects with the security of Allah-azwj the Exalted in the house of settlement, and tastes the taste of His-azwj Satisfaction, for the reliance upon that and what he is fulfilling is nothing (insignificant)’’.[248]
6- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبْدُوسٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ فِيمَا رُوِيَ مِنَ الْعِلَلِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: فَإِنْ قَالَ فَلِمَ صَارَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءُ فَرْضاً قِيلَ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَقُومَ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْجَبَّارِ وَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ ثِيَابِهِ وَ جَسَدِهِ نَجِسٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Abdul Wahid Bin Muhammad Bin Ubdous, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Quteyba, from Al Fazl Bin Shazan, among what he reported from ‘Al Ilal)’,
From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘If he (anyone) were to say, ‘Why did the cleansing (from the toilet) become an obligation?’ It will be said, ‘Because it is not allowed for the servant to stand in front of the Subduer while there is something impure from (in) his clothes and his body’’.[249]
باب 2 آداب الخلاء
CHAPTER 2 – ETIQUETTES OF THE TOILET
1- ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، وَ الْخِصَالُ، لِلصَّدُوقِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ النَّخَعِيِّ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعَةٌ يُؤْذُونَ أَهْلَ النَّارِ عَلَى مَا بِهِمْ مِنَ الْأَذَى أَحَدُهُمَا رَجُلٌ يَجُرُّ أَمْعَاءَهُ فَيَقُولُ أَهْلُ النَّارِ مَا بَالُ الْأَبْعَدِ قَدْ آذَانَا عَلَى مَا بِنَا مِنَ الْأَذَى
(The books) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’, and ‘Al Khisaal’ of Al Sadouq – from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Musa, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Ali Al Asady, from Musa Bin Imran Al Nakhaie, from Al Nowfaly, from Hafz Bin Giyas,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Four (types of people) will be hurting people of the Fire due to what harm there would be with them – one of them is a man dragging his intestines. People of the Fire will say, ‘What is the matter with the servant who is hurting us over what harm there is already with us?’
فَيُقَالُ إِنَّ الْأَبْعَدَ كَانَ لَا يُبَالِي أَيْنَ أَصَابَ الْبَوْلُ مِنْ جَسَدِهِ الْخَبَرَ.
It will be said, ‘The servant who had not cared where from his body the urine had hit’ – the Hadeeth’’.[250]
2- عِلَلُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْهَمَذَانِيِّ عَنِ الْمُنْذِرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: عَذَابُ الْقَبْرِ يَكُونُ فِي النَّمِيمَةِ وَ الْبَوْلِ وَ عَزَبِ الرَّجُلِ عَنْ أَهْلِهِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal’ of Al Sadouq – from Ali Bin Hatim, from Ahmad Bin Ziyad Al Hamadany, from al Munzir Bin Muhammad, from Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Qasim, from Abu Khalid,
‘From Zayd-asws son of Ali-asws (Bin Al-Husayn-asws), from his father-asws, from his grandfather-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Punishment of the grave is regarding the gossiping, and the urine, and the man staying away from his wife’’.[251]
3- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ وَ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ مَعاً عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: لَا تَحْتَقِرَنَّ بِالْبَوْلِ وَ لَا تَتَهَاوَنَنَّ بِهِ وَ لَا بِالصَّلَاةِ الْخَبَرَ.
And from him, from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhamad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Hadeed and Ibn Abu Najran, both together from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Do not take lightly with the urine nor be negligent with it nor with the Salat’ – the Hadeeth’’.[252]
4- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ تَوَقِّياً عَنِ الْبَوْلِ كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ الْبَوْلَ يَعْمِدُ إِلَى مَكَانٍ مُرْتَفِعٍ أَوْ مَكَانٍ مِنَ الْأَمْكِنَةِ يَكُونُ فِيهِ التُّرَابُ الْكَثِيرُ كَرَاهَةَ أَنْ يُنْضَحَ عَلَيْهِ الْبَوْلُ.
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Al Waleed, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Attar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Ashary, from Ali Bin Ismail, from Safwan, from Ibn Muskan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was severest of the people in being precautionary with the urine. It was so that whenever he-saww wanted to urinate, he-saww would deliberate to a high place, or a place from the places where there would be a lot of sand, disliking the urine splashes upon him-saww’’.[253]
بيان: قوله يكون فيه التراب الكثير استدل به على كراهة البول في الأرض الصلبة كما ذكره الأصحاب.
Explanation – His-asws words: ‘Where there would be a lot of sand’ evidence’s upon abhorrence of the urinating in the solid ground, like what the companions have mentioned.
5- الْخِصَالُ، وَ الْمَجَالِسُ، لِلصَّدُوقِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْقُرَشِيِّ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَرِهَ لَكُمْ أَرْبَعاً وَ عِشْرِينَ خَصْلَةً وَ نَهَاكُمْ عَنْهَا كَرِهَ الْبَوْلَ عَلَى شَطِّ نَهَرٍ جَارٍ وَ كَرِهَ أَنْ يُحْدِثَ الرَّجُلُ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ قَدْ أَيْنَعَتْ أَوْ نَخْلَةٍ قَدْ أَيْنَعَتْ يَعْنِي أَثْمَرَتْ الْخَبَرَ.
(The books) ‘Al Khisaal’, and ‘Al Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him – from Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkil, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Al-Husayn Bin Al-Hassan Al Qureyshi, from Suleyman Bin Ja’far Al Basry, from Abdullah Bi Al-Husayn Bin Zayd, from his father,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘Allah-azwj has Disliked twenty-four traits for you and has Forbidden you from these. He-azwj Dislike the urinating upon a river bank, and Dislikes the man defecating beneath a tree which has matured, or a date tree which has ripened, meaning bearing fruit’ – the Hadeeth’’.[254]
6- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، فِي مَنَاهِي النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ نَهَى أَنْ يَبُولَ رَجُلٌ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ مُثْمِرَةٍ أَوْ عَلَى قَارِعَةِ الطَّرِيقِ وَ نَهَى أَنْ يَبُولَ أَحَدٌ فِي الْمَاءِ الرَّاكِدِ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُ يَكُونُ ذَهَابُ الْعَقْلِ وَ نَهَى أَنْ يَبُولَ الرَّجُلُ وَ فَرْجُهُ بَادٍ لِلشَّمْسِ أَوْ لِلْقَمَرِ وَ قَالَ إِذَا دَخَلْتُمُ الْغَائِطَ فَتَجَنَّبُوا الْقِبْلَةَ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq –
‘Among prohibitions by the Prophet-saww, he-saww had prohibited from urinating beneath a fruit-bearing tree, or upon middle of the road, and prohibited from anyone urinating in the still water, for from it would be decline of the intellect, and he-saww prohibited from the man urinating while his private parts are manifest to the sun or to the moon, and said: ‘When you enter (begin) the defecation, the shun (avoid facing or backing) the Qiblah (direction to Makkah)’’.[255]
7- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُتَغَوَّطَ عَلَى شَفِيرِ بِئْرٍ يُسْتَعْذَبُ مِنْهُ أَوْ نَهَرٍ يُسْتَعْذَبُ مِنْهُ أَوْ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ عَلَيْهَا ثَمَرُهَا.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww prohibited from defecating by an edge of a well (water) being drawn from it, or a river (water) being drawn from it, or beneath a tree having fruit upon it’’.[256]
8- الْخِصَالُ، فِيمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ص إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع يَا عَلِيُّ ثَلَاثٌ يُتَخَوَّفُ مِنْهُنَّ الْجُنُونُ التَّغَوُّطُ بَيْنَ الْقُبُورِ وَ الْمَشْيُ فِي خُفٍّ وَاحِدٍ وَ الرَّجُلُ يَنَامُ وَحْدَهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ –
‘Among what the Prophet-saww bequeathed to Ali-asws with: ‘O Ali-asws! Three (traits), the insanity is feared from these – the defecating between the graves, and the walking in one shoe, and the man sleeping alone’’.[257]
9- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْقُرَشِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ عَنْ ثَابِتِ بْنِ أَبِي صَفِيَّةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عِلَاقَةَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: الْبَوْلُ فِي الْحَمَّامِ يُورِثُ الْفَقْرَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Qureyshi, from Muhammad Bin Ziyad Al Basry, from Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman Al madainy, from Sabit Bin Abu Safiya Al Sumali, from Sowr Bin Saeed, from his father, from Saeed Bin Ilaqah,
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘The urinating in the bathhouse inherits the poverty’’.[258]
10- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ السِّجِسْتَانِيِّ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَلَائِكَةً وَكَّلَهُمْ بِنَبَاتِ الْأَرْضِ مِنَ الشَّجَرِ وَ النَّخْلِ فَلَيْسَ مِنْ شَجَرَةٍ وَ لَا نَخْلَةٍ إِلَّا وَ مَعَهَا مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَلَكٌ يَحْفَظُهَا وَ مَا كَانَ فِيهَا وَ لَوْ لَا أَنَّ مَعَهَا مَنْ يَمْنَعُهَا لَأَكَلَهَا السِّبَاعُ وَ هَوَامُّ الْأَرْضِ إِذَا كَانَ فِيهَا ثَمَرُهَا
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Malik Bin Uyayna, from Habeeb Al Sijistany,
‘From Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘There are Angels of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic He-azwj Allocates them with vegetation of the earth, from the trees and the palm trees. So, there isn’t any tree of palm tree except and there is an Angel from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic protecting it and whatever (fruit) there is in it, and had it not been for someone defending it, the wild animal and vermin of the earth would have eaten it, when there were to be fruit in it’’.
قَالَ وَ إِنَّمَا نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يَضْرِبَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَلَاءَهُ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ أَوْ نَخْلَةٍ قَدْ أَثْمَرَتْ لِمَكَانِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ الْمُوَكَّلِينَ بِهَا
He-asws said: ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww prohibited anyone from Muslims placing his defecation beneath a tree, or a date tree which has fruited due to the place of the Angels having been allocated with it’.
قَالَ وَ لِذَلِكَ يَكُونُ الشَّجَرُ وَ النَّخْلُ أُنْساً إِذَا كَانَ فِيهِ حَمْلُهُ لِأَنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ تَحْضُرُهُ.
He-asws said: ‘And for that (reason), the trees and the palm trees happen to be female when there were to be its load (fruits) in it, because the Angels present it’’.[259]
11- مَعَانِي الْأَخْبَارِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ السِّنَانِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ النَّخَعِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ الْكَابُلِيِّ قَالَ: قِيلَ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع أَيْنَ يَتَوَضَّأُ الْغُرَبَاءُ
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’ – from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Sinany, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Asady, from Musa Bin Imran Al Nakhaie, from Al-Husayn Bin Yazeed Al Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Humran, from his father, from Abu Khalid Al Kabuly who said,
‘It was said to Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, ‘Where can a stranger wash (defecate)?’
قَالَ يَتَّقُونَ شُطُوطَ الْأَنْهَارِ وَ الطُّرُقَ النَّافِذَةَ وَ تَحْتَ الْأَشْجَارِ الْمُثْمِرَةِ وَ مَوَاضِعَ اللَّعْنِ
He-asws said: ‘He should fear (stay away from) the river banks, and the middle of the road, and beneath the fruit-bearing trees, and places of curse’.
قِيلَ لَهُ وَ مَا مَوَاضِعُ اللَّعْنِ
It was said, ‘And what are places of curse?’
فَقَالَ أَبْوَابُ الدُّورِ.
He-asws said: ‘Doors of the houses’’.[260]
12- الْإِحْتِجَاجُ، رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَ مَعَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ إِنَّ هَاهُنَا جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْ عُلَمَاءِ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص فَاذْهَبْ بِنَا نَقْتَبِسْ مِنْهُ عِلْماً
(The book) ‘Al-Ihtijaj’ –
‘It is reported that Abu Haneefa entered Al-Medina and Abdullah Bin Muslim was with him. He said to him, ‘O Abu Haneefa! Over here is Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from scholars of Progeny-asws of Muhammad-asws. Let us go to attain knowledge from him!’
فَلَمَّا أَتَيَا إِذَا هُمَا بِجَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ يَنْتَظِرُونَ خُرُوجَهُ أَوْ دُخُولَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ خَرَجَ غُلَامٌ حَدَثٌ فَقَامَ النَّاسُ هَيْبَةً لَهُ
They both came, and over there they were with a group of his-asws Shias awaiting his-asws coming out, or their entry to see him-asws. While they were like that when a young boy came out. The people stood up in welcome to him-asws.
فَالْتَفَتَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ مُسْلِمٍ مَنْ هَذَا قَالَ هَذَا مُوسَى ابْنُهُ
Abu Haneefa turned. He said, ‘O Abu Muslim! Who is this?’ He said, ‘This is his-asws son-asws Musa-asws’.
قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ لَأَجْبَهَنَّهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ شِيعَتِهِ قَالَ مَهْ لَنْ تَقْدِرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ لَأَفْعَلَنَّهُ
He said, ‘By Allah-azwj! I shall overcome him-asws in front of his-asws Shias!’ He said, ‘You will never be able upon that’. He said, ‘By Allah-azwj, I will do so!’
ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى مُوسَى ع فَقَالَ يَا غُلَامُ أَيْنَ يَضَعُ الْغَرِيبُ حَاجَتَهُ فِي بَلْدَتِكُمْ هَذِهِ
Then he turned towards Musa-asws. He said, ‘O boy! Where can the stranger place his need in this city of yours?’
قَالَ يَتَوَارَى خَلْفَ الْجِدَارِ وَ يَتَوَقَّى أَعْيُنَ الْجَارِ وَ شُطُوطَ الْأَنْهَارِ وَ مَسْقَطَ الثِّمَارِ وَ لَا يَسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةَ وَ لَا يَسْتَدْبِرُهَا فَحِينَئِذٍ يَضَعُ حَيْثُ شَاءَ الْخَبَرَ.
He-asws said: ‘He should take cover behind the wall, and save from eyes of the neighbour, and the river banks, and fall of the fruits, and do not face the Qiblah nor have your back to it. At that time, he can place wherever he so desires’ – the Hadeeth’’.[261]
13- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَا تَشْرَبْ وَ أَنْتَ قَائِمٌ وَ لَا تَطُفْ بِقَبْرٍ وَ لَا تَبُلْ فِي مَاءٍ نَقِيعٍ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَأَصَابَهُ شَيْءٌ فَلَا يَلُومَنَّ إِلَّا نَفْسَهُ وَ مَنْ فَعَلَ فَأَصَابَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَكَدْ يُفَارِقُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘Neither drink while you are standing, nor circle (Tawaaf) with a grave, nor urinate in still water, for the one who does that, so something afflicts him, he should not blame except himself, and the one who does, so something from that afflicts him, it will not separate from him except if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.[262]
بيان: قوله ع و لا تطف بقبر استدل به على كراهة الدوران حول القبور و أظن أن المراد بالطواف هنا الحدث بقرينة المقام و شواهد أخرى.
Explanation – His-asws words: ‘Nor circle (Tawaaf) with a grave’ evidence’s with it upon abhorrence of going around the graves (graveyard), and I think that the intent with the ‘Tawaaf’ over here is the event based on the context of the place and other evidence.
منها أنه روي هذا الخبر عن محمد بن مسلم بسندين و في أحدهما هذه العبارة و في الآخر مكانه التخلي على القبر فقد
From it, this Hadeeth has been reported from Muhammad Bin Muslim by two chains, and in one of them is this expression, and in the other is doing toilet upon the grave.
رَوَى الْكُلَيْنِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: مَنْ تَخَلَّى عَلَى قَبْرٍ أَوْ بَالَ قَائِماً أَوْ بَالَ فِي مَاءٍ قَائِمٍ أَوْ مَشَى فِي حِذَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ أَوْ شَرِبَ قَائِماً أَوْ خَلَا فِي بَيْتٍ وَحْدَهُ أَوْ بَاتَ عَلَى غَمَرٍ فَأَصَابَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ لَمْ يَدَعْهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ وَ أَسْرَعُ مَا يَكُونُ الشَّيْطَانُ إِلَى الْإِنْسَانِ وَ هُوَ عَلَى بَعْضِ هَذِهِ الْحَالاتِ.
It has been reported by Al-Kulayni, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from A’ala, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘One who defecates upon a grave of urinates standing, or urinates in still waters, or walks in one shoe, or drinks while standing, or is along in a house, or spends a night being upon dirty hands (from eating food), so something from the Satan afflict him, it will not leave him except if Allah-azwj so Desires, and the quickest of what the Satan-la can be to the human being is when he happens to be upon one of these situations’.
وَ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا تَشْرَبْ وَ أَنْتَ قَائِمٌ وَ لَا تَبُلْ فِي مَاءٍ نَقِيعٍ وَ لَا تَطُفْ بِقَبْرٍ وَ لَا تَخْلُ فِي بَيْتٍ وَحْدَكَ وَ لَا تَمْشِ بِنَعْلٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ أَسْرَعُ مَا يَكُونُ إِلَى الْعَبْدِ إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى بَعْضِ هَذِهِ الْأَحْوَالِ
And from a number of his companions, from Sahl, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Safwan, from Al-A’ala, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, ‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘Neither drink while you are standing, nor urinate in clean water, nor circle (Tawaaf) with a grave, nor be along in a house, nor walk with one slipper, for the Satan‑la is quickest as can be to the servant when he were to be upon one of these situations’.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ مَا أَصَابَ أَحَداً شَيْءٌ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْحَالِ فَكَادَ أَنْ يُفَارِقَهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ.
And he-asws said: ‘If something were to afflict someone being upon this situation, it will almost not separate from him, except if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.
و الطوف بهذا المعنى شائع و مذكور في الحديث و اللغة قال الفيروزآبادي طاف ذهب ليتغوط و قال الجزري الطوف الحدث من الطعام
And the circling (Tawaaf) in this meaning is common and mentioned in the Hadeeth and the language. Al-Firozabady said, ‘Circling is going for the defecation’. And Al-Jazry said, ‘The (word) ‘Towf’ is the defecation from the meal’.
14- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنِ الْبَجَلِيِّ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ طُولُ الْجُلُوسِ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ يُورِثُ الْبَوَاسِيرَ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Al Fazl Bin Aamir, from Al Bajaly, from the one who mentioned it, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘Prolonged sitting upon the toilet (defecation) inherits the haemorrhoids’’.[263]
15- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْبَوْلُ قَائِماً مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ مِنَ الْجَفَاءِ وَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءُ بِالْيَمِينِ مِنَ الْجَفَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The urinating from without any reason is from the bad etiquettes, and the cleansing (from the toilet) with the right hand from the bad etiquettes’’.[264]
بيان: الجفاء البعد عن الشيء و ترك الصلة و البر و غلظ الطبع و لعل المراد هنا البعد عن الآداب و لا خلاف في كراهة البول قائما و الاستنجاء باليمين إلا إذا كانت اليسار معتلة.
Explanation – ‘Al-Jafa’a’ is the distancing from the thing, and neglecting the connecting (with kinship), and the righteousness, and harsh nature, and perhaps the intent over here is the distancing from the etiquettes, and there is no differing regarding abhorrence of the urinating while standing, and the cleansing (from the toilet) with the right hand except when the left hand was incapacitated.
16- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع سَبْعَةٌ لَا يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ الرَّاكِعُ وَ السَّاجِدُ وَ فِي الْكَنِيفِ وَ فِي الْحَمَّامِ وَ الْجُنُبُ وَ النُّفَسَاءُ وَ الْحَائِضُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws: ‘Seven should not be reciting the Quran – the one in Ruk’u, and the one in Sajdah, and in the toilet, and in the bathroom, and the one with sexual impurity, and the woman with post-childbirth bleeding, and the woman menstruating’’.[265]
بيان: و في الصحيح أنه سأل عمر بن يزيد أبا عبد الله ع عن التسبيح في المخرج و قراءة القرآن فقال لم يرخص في الكنيف أكثر من آية الكرسي و يحمد الله أو آية الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ.
Explanation (Hadeeth only) – And in ‘Al-Saheeh’ (Al-Tahzeeb) – Umar Bin Yazeed asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the Glorification (Tasbeeh) and recitation of the Quran in the toilet. He-asws said: ‘It is not allowed in the toilet more than ‘Ayat Al-Kursy’, and praising Allah-azwj, or the Verse, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Lord of the worlds’’.
17- الْعِلَلُ، وَ الْعُيُونُ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الرِّضَا ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُجِيبَ الرَّجُلُ أَحَداً وَ هُوَ عَلَى الْغَائِطِ أَوْ يُكَلِّمَهُ حَتَّى يَفْرُغَ.
(The books) ‘Al Ilal’, and ‘Al Uyoun’ – from Al-Husayn Bin Ahmad Bin Idrees, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim and someone else, from Safwan Bin Yahya,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww prohibited the man from answering anyone while he is upon the defecation, or speaking to him until he is free’’.[266]
18- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ السِّنَانِيِّ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُقْبِلٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ يُسْتَحَبُّ لِلْإِنْسَانِ إِذَا سَمِعَ الْأَذَانَ أَنْ يَقُولَ كَمَا يَقُولُ الْمُؤَذِّنُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَى الْبَوْلِ وَ الْغَائِطِ
(The book) ‘Al-Ilal’ – from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Sinany, from Hamza Bin Al Qasim Al Alawy, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Malik, from Ja’far Bin Suleyman, from Suleyman Bin Muqbil who said,
‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws, ‘For which reason is it recommended for the human being, when he hears the Azaan, that he should be saying (repeating) like what the Muezzin says, and even if he were to be upon the urination or the defecation?’
قَالَ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ يَزِيدُ فِي الرِّزْقِ.
He-asws said: ‘That increases in the sustenance’’.[267]
19- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ ع يَا ابْنَ مُسْلِمٍ لَا تَدَعَنَّ ذِكْرَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ فَلَوْ سَمِعْتَ الْمُنَادِيَ يُنَادِي بِالْأَذَانِ وَ أَنْتَ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ فَاذْكُرِ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ قُلْ كَمَا يَقُولُ.
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Al Waleed, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Saffar, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Hammad, from Hareyz, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘He-asws said: ‘O son of Muslim! Do not leave the Zikr of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic upon all situations. If you were to hear the caller calling out with the Azaan while you are upon the toilet, then mention Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and says like what he is saying’’.[268]
20- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ النَّخَعِيِّ عَنْ عَمِّهِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا تَتَكَلَّمْ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ فَإِنَّ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ لَمْ تُقْضَ لَهُ حَاجَةٌ.
And from him, from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Musa Bin Imran Al Nakhaie, from his uncle Al-Husayn Bin Yazeed Al Nowfaly, from Ali Bin Salim, from his father, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Do not talk while being upon the toiler, for the one who talks while being upon the toilet, a need would not be fulfilled for him’’.[269]
21- وَ مِنْهُ، بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنْ سَمِعْتَ الْأَذَانَ وَ أَنْتَ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ فَقُلْ مِثْلَ مَا يَقُولُ الْمُؤَذِّنُ وَ لَا تَدَعْ ذِكْرَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالِ لِأَنَّ ذِكْرَ اللَّهِ حَسَنٌ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ
And from him, by this chain from Abu Baseer who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘If you hear the Azaan while you are upon the toilet, then say like what the Muezzin is saying, and do not leave the Zikr of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic in that situation, because Zikr of Allah-azwj is excellent upon all situations’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ ع لَمَّا نَاجَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ ع قَالَ مُوسَى يَا رَبِّ أَ بَعِيدٌ أَنْتَ مِنِّي فَأُنَادِيَكَ أَمْ قَرِيبٌ فَأُنَاجِيَكَ
Then he-asws said: ‘When Musa-as Bin Imran-as Whispered to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, Musa-as said: ‘Are You-azwj Distant from me-as so I-as should call out to You-azwj, or near, so I-as should whisper to You-azwj?’
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا مُوسَى أَنَا جَلِيسُ مَنْ ذَكَرَنِي
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to him-as: “O Musa-as! I-azwj am a sitter with the one mentioning Me-azwj!”
فَقَالَ مُوسَى ع يَا رَبِّ إِنِّي أَكُونُ فِي حَالٍ أُجِلُّكَ أَنْ أَذْكُرَكَ فِيهَا
Musa-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! I-as happen to be in a state I-as revere You-azwj too much to be mentioning You-azwj in it!’
قَالَ يَا مُوسَى اذْكُرْنِي عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ.
He-azwj Said: “O Musa-as! Mention Me-azwj upon all situations!”’[270]
بيان: التَّوْحِيدُ، وَ الْعُيُونُ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأُشْنَانِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْرَوَيْهِ الْقَزْوِينِيِّ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الْفَرَّاءِ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ ع لَمَّا نَاجَى رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ أَ بَعِيدٌ إِلَى آخِرِ مَا مَرَّ.
Explanation (Hadeeth only) – (The books) ‘Al-Tawheed’, and ‘Al-Uyoun’ – from Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad Al-Ushnani, from Ali Bin Mahrawiya Al-Qazwiny, from Dawood Bin Suleyman Al-Farra’a, ‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Musa-as Bin Imran-as, when he-as whispered to his-as Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic, said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Are You-azwj distant’ – up to end of what has passed’’.
22- ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِذَا تَكْشِفُ أَحَدُكُمْ لِبَوْلٍ أَوْ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَقُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَغُضُّ بَصَرَهُ عَنْهُ حَتَّى يَفْرُغَ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfali, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen‑asws said: ‘Whenever one of you uncovers to urinate, or other than that, let him say, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj!’, for the Satan-la closes his-la eyes until he is free’’.[271]
بيان: يحتمل أن يكون غض البصر كناية عن عدم التعرض لوسوسته.
Explanation – It is possible that ‘closing the eyes’ is a metaphor about not being exposed to his-la insinuations.
23- مَحَاسِنُ الْبَرْقِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ جُمَيْعٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ بَالَ حِذَاءَ الْقِبْلَةِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ فَانْحَرَفَ عَنْهَا إِجْلَالًا لِلْقِبْلَةِ وَ تَعْظِيماً لَهَا لَمْ يَقُمْ مِنْ مَقْعَدِهِ حَتَّى يُغْفَرَ لَهُ.
(The book) ‘Mahasin’ of Al Barqy – from his father, from Al Haris Bin Mihran, from Amro Bin Jumeyr who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who urinates facing the Qiblah, then he remembers so he turns away from it in reverence for the Qiblah and its magnification for it, will not stand from his sitting until he is Forgiven for (his sins)’’.[272]
24- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ جُلَّ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ فِي الْبَوْلِ.
And from him, from Usman Bin Isa, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Most of the punishment of the grave is regarding the urine’’.[273]
25- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا ع، إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْغَائِطَ فَقُلْ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الرِّجْسِ النِّجْسِ الْخَبِيثِ الْمُخْبِثِ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ –
‘When you enter (begin) the defecation, then say, ‘I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the uncleanness, the wicked, the wickedness of the pelted Satan-la’.
فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَقُلِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَمَاطَ عَنِّي الْأَذَى وَ هَنَّأَنِي طَعَامِي وَ عَافَانِي الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي يَسَّرَ الْمَسَاغَ وَ سَهَّلَ الْمَخْرَجَ وَ أَمَاطَ الْأَذَى
When you are free (finish), then say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Expelled the harm away from me and Granted me well being! The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Facilitated the cause and Eased the outlet, and Expelled the harm!’
وَ اذْكُرِ اللَّهَ عِنْدَ وُضُوئِكَ وَ طُهْرِكَ فَإِنَّهُ يُرْوَى أَنَّ مَنْ ذَكَرَ اللَّهَ عِنْدَ وُضُوئِهِ طَهُرَ جَسَدُهُ كُلُّهُ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَذْكُرِ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَى وُضُوئِهِ طَهُرَ مِنْ جَسَدِهِ مَا أَصَابَهُ الْمَاءُ
And mention Allah-azwj during (performance of) your Wud’u and your cleansing, for it has been reported that the one who mentions Allah-azwj during his Wud’u, the whole of his body will be purified, and one who does not mention a Name of Allah-azwj upon his Wud’u, it will be purified from his body what the water had hit.
فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِنَ التَّوَّابِينَ وَ اجْعَلْنِي مِنَ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ.
When you are free, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Make me (to be) from the repentant ones, and Make me (to be) from the purifying ones, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj, Lord-azwj of the worlds!’’[274]
26- السَّرَائِرُ، مِنْ مَشِيخَةِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْكَرْخِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ثَلَاثَةٌ مَلْعُونٌ مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ فَعَلَهُنَّ الْمُتَغَوِّطُ فِي ظِلِّ النُّزَّالِ وَ الْمَانِعُ الْمَاءَ الْمُنْتَابَ وَ السَّادُّ الطَّرِيقَ الْمَسْلُوكَ.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – from elders Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ibrahim Al Karkhy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Three are accursed! Accursed is the one who does these – the defecator in the shade of a place of descending (from a journey), and the preventer of the water provided in turns, and the blocker of the travelled path’’.[275]
27- فَلَاحُ السَّائِلِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى أَحْمَدَ وَ مُحَمَّدٍ ابْنَيْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْكُوفِيِّينَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الْبَطَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ مَعاً عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْمَخْرَجَ وَ أَنْتَ تُرِيدُ الْغَائِطَ فَقُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الرِّجْسِ النِّجْسِ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
(The book) ‘Falah Al Saail’ – by his chain to Ahmad and Muhammad, two sons of Ahmad Bin Ali Bin Saeed Al Kufeen, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed, from Yahya Bin Zakariya, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Abu Hamza Al Batainy, from his father, and Al-Husayn Bin Abu Al A’ala, both together from Abu Baseer,
‘When you enter the toilet and you intend to defecate, then say, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj, and by Allah-azwj! I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the uncleanness, the uncleanness of the pelted Satan-la. Surely, He-azwj is the Hearing, the Knowing’.
فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَقُلِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَمَاطَ عَنِّي الْأَذَى وَ أَذْهَبَ عَنِّي الْغَائِطَ وَ هَنَّأَنِي وَ عَافَانِي وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي يَسَّرَ الْمَسَاغَ وَ سَهَّلَ الْمَخْرَجَ وَ أَمْضَى الْأَذَى.
When you are free, then say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Expelled the harm from me and Removed the faeces from me, and Made me comfortable, and Healed me; and the Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Facilitated the cause and Eased the outlet, and Expelled the harm!’’[276]
28- وَ مِنْهُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْرُورٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ عُبَيْدٍ وَ وَاصِلَ بْنَ عَطَاءٍ وَ بَشِيرَ الرَّحَّالِ سَأَلُوا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ حَدِّ الْخَلَاءِ إِذَا دَخَلَهُ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْخَلَاءَ قَالَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ فَإِذَا جَلَسَ يَقْضِي حَاجَتَهُ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ أَذْهِبْ عَنِّي الْأَذَى وَ هَنِّئْنِي طَعَامِي فَإِذَا قَضَى حَاجَتَهُ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَمَاطَ عَنِّي الْأَذَى وَ هَنَّأَنِي طَعَامِي
And from him – by his chain, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Yusuf, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masrour, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Hashim, from Abu Khadeeja,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said: ‘Amro Bin Ubeyd, and Wasil Bin Ata’a, and Bashir Al-Rahaal asked Abu Abdullah-asws about limits of the toilet when the man enters it. He‑asws said: ‘When he enters the toilet, he should say, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj!’ When he sits to fulfil his need, he should say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Remove the harm from me and Make my food comfortable for me’. When he has fulfilled his need, he should say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Expelled the harm from me and Made my food comfortable for me’’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ مَلَكاً مُوَكَّلًا بِالْعِبَادِ إِذَا قَضَى أَحَدُهُمُ الْحَاجَةَ قَلَّبَ عُنُقَهُ فَيَقُولُ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ أَ لَا تَنْظُرُ إِلَى مَا خَرَجَ مِنْ جَوْفِكَ فَلَا تُدْخِلْهُ إِلَّا طَيِّباً وَ فَرْجِكَ فَلَا تُدْخِلْهُ فِي الْحَرَامِ.
Then he-asws said: ‘There is an Angel allocated with the servants. Whenever one of you has fulfilled his need, he turns his neck and says, ‘O son of Adam-as! Are you not looking at what has emerged from your inside? Nothing had entered it except good, and (look) at your private part, so do not enter it into the Prohibited (activity)!’’ [277]
29- مِصْبَاحُ الشَّيْخِ، إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتَخَلَّى لِقَضَاءِ الْحَاجَةِ وَ الدُّخُولَ إِلَى الْخَلَاءِ فَلْيُغَطِّ رَأْسَهُ وَ يُدْخِلُ رِجْلَهُ الْيُسْرَى قَبْلَ الْيُمْنَى وَ لْيَقُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الرِّجْسِ النِّجْسِ الْخَبِيثِ الْمُخْبِثِ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ
(The book) ‘Misbah’ of the sheykh –
‘When you intend to isolate to fulfil the need, and entry into the toilet, let him cover his head and enter his left leg before the right, and let him say, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj, and by Allah‑azwj! I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the uncleanness, the wicked uncleanness, the wickedness of the pelted Satan-la!’
وَ لْيَقُلْ إِذَا اسْتَنْجَى اللَّهُمَّ حَصِّنْ فَرْجِي وَ اسْتُرْ عَوْرَتِي وَ حَرِّمْهُمَا عَلَى النَّارِ وَ وَفِّقْنِي لِمَا يُقَرِّبُنِي مِنْكَ يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَ الْإِكْرَامِ
And let him say when he is cleaning (himself with water), ‘O Allah-azwj! Fortify my private parts and Cover my nakedness and Forbid it unto the Fire, and Harmonise me to what draws me closer to You-azwj, O with the Majesty and the Honour!’
ثُمَّ يَقُولُ مِنْ مَوْضِعِهِ وَ يُمِرُّ يَدَهُ عَلَى بَطْنِهِ وَ يَقُولُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَمَاطَ عَنِّي الْأَذَى وَ هَنَّأَنِي طَعَامِي وَ شَرَابِي وَ عَافَانِي مِنَ الْبَلْوَى
Then he should say from his place and pass his hand upon his belly, and he should say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Expelled the harm from me, and Made my food and my drink to be comfortable for me, and Granted me well-being from the affliction!’
فَإِذَا أَرَادَ الْخُرُوجَ مِنَ الْمَوْضِعِ الَّذِي تَخَلَّى فِيهِ أَخْرَجَ رِجْلَهُ الْيُمْنَى قَبْلَ الْيُسْرَى فَإِذَا خَرَجَ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي عَرَّفَنِي لَذَّتَهُ وَ أَبْقَى فِي جَسَدِي قُوَّتَهُ وَ أَخْرَجَ عَنِّي أَذَاهُ يَا لَهَا نِعْمَةً يَا لَهَا نِعْمَةً يَا لَهَا نِعْمَةً لَا يَقْدِرُ الْقَادِرُونَ قَدْرَهَا.
When he intends to exit from the place which he has isolated in, he should bring out his right leg before the left. When he goes out, he should say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Introduce to me its pleasure, and Caused its strength to remain in my body, and Expelled its harm from me! O what a bounty it is! O what a bounty it is! O what a bounty it is. The evaluators cannot evaluate its worth!’’[278]
30- مِشْكَاةُ الْأَنْوَارِ، نَقْلًا مِنَ الْمَحَاسِنِ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ تَخَلَّى عَلَى قَبْرٍ أَوْ بَالَ قَائِماً أَوْ بَالَ فِي مَاءٍ قَائِماً أَوْ مَشَى فِي حِذَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ أَوْ شَرِبَ قَائِماً أَوْ خَلَا فِي بَيْتٍ وَاحِداً أَوْ بَاتَ عَلَى غَمَرٍ فَأَصَابَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ لَمْ يَدَعْهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ وَ أَسْرَعُ مَا يَكُونُ الشَّيْطَانُ إِلَى الْإِنْسَانِ وَ هُوَ عَلَى بَعْضِ هَذِهِ الْحَالاتِ.
(The book) ‘Mishkat Al Anwaar’ – copying from Al Mahasin,
‘From Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘One who defecates upon a grave, or urinates standing, or urinates in water standing, and walks in one shoe, or drinks standing, or isolates in a house alone, or spends a night upon dirty hands (from eating food), so something from the Satan afflict him, it will not leave him except if Allah-azwj so Desires, and the quickest of what the Satan-la can be to the human being is when he happens to be upon one of these situations’’.[279]
وَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: تَرْكُ الْكَلَامِ فِي الْخَلَاءِ يَزِيدُ فِي الرِّزْقِ.
And from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘Neglecting the talking in the toilet increases in the sustenance’’.[280]
31- تَفْسِيرُ النُّعْمَانِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ قُلْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَغُضُّوا مِنْ أَبْصارِهِمْ وَ يَحْفَظُوا فُرُوجَهُمْ ذلِكَ أَزْكى لَهُمْ مَعْنَاهُ لَا يَنْظُرُ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى فَرْجِ أَخِيهِ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَوْ يُمَكِّنُهُ مِنَ النَّظَرِ إِلَى فَرْجِهِ
Tafseer Al Numani –
‘From Ali-asws regarding Words of Mighty and Majestic: Say to the Momineen to cast down their eyes and preserve their private parts, that is purer for them, [24:30]: ‘It’s meaning is, not one of you should look at the private parts of his Momin brother or enable him from looking at his private part’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ قُلْ لِلْمُؤْمِناتِ يَغْضُضْنَ مِنْ أَبْصارِهِنَّ وَ يَحْفَظْنَ فُرُوجَهُنَ أَيْ مِمَّا يُلْحِقُهُنَّ مِنَ النَّظَرِ كَمَا جَاءَ فِي حِفْظِ الْفُرُوجِ فَالنَّظَرُ سَبَبُ إِيقَاعِ الْفِعْلِ مِنَ الزِّنَا وَ غَيْرِهِ.
Then he-asws said: ‘Say to the Momineen to cast down their eyes and preserve their private parts, [24:30] – i.e., from what they catch from the looking, like what has come regarding protection of the private parts. The looking is a cause of falling into the action, from the adultery and other such’’.[281]
32- الْمُقْنِعُ، سُئِلَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع مَا حَدُّ الْغَائِطِ
(The book) ‘Al Muqnie’ –
‘Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws was asked, ‘What are the limits of defecation?’
فَقَالَ لَا تَسْتَقْبِلِ الْقِبْلَةَ وَ لَا تَسْتَدْبِرْهَا وَ لَا تَسْتَقْبِلِ الرِّيحَ وَ لَا تَسْتَدْبِرْهَا.
He-asws said: ‘He should neither face towards the Qiblah, nor have his back towards it, nor face the wind nor have his back towards it’’.[282]
33- مَجَالِسُ الشَّيْخِ، وَ الْمَكَارِمُ، فِي وَصِيَّةِ النَّبِيِّ ص لِأَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ: يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ اسْتَحْيِ مِنَ اللَّهِ فَإِنِّي وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَأَظَلُّ حِينَ أَذْهَبُ إِلَى الْغَائِطِ مُتَقَنِّعاً بِثَوْبِي اسْتِحْيَاءً مِنَ الْمَلَكَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ مَعِي
(The books) ‘Majalis’ of the sheykh, and ‘Al Makarim’ –
‘Among advice by the Prophet-saww to Abu Zarr-ra, he-saww said: ‘O Abu Zarr-ra! Be embarrassed from Allah-azwj, for by the One-azwj in Whose Hand in my-saww soul! I-saww tend to cover when I‑saww go to the toilet, covering with my-saww clothes in embarrassment from the two Angels, the ones who are with me-saww!
يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ أَ تُحِبُّ أَنْ تَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ
O Abu Zarr-ra! Would you-ra love to enter the Paradise?’
قُلْتُ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص
I-ra said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ فَاقْصُرِ الْأَمَلَ وَ اجْعَلِ الْمَوْتَ نُصْبَ عَيْنِكَ وَ اسْتَحْيِ مِنَ اللَّهِ حَقَّ الْحَيَاءِ.
He-saww said: ‘Shorten the hopes, and make the death to be installed in your-ra eyes, and be embarrassed from Allah-azwj as is the right of being embarrassed’’.[283]
34- مَحَاسِنُ الْبَرْقِيِّ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ أَوْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لِابْنِهِ إِذَا سَافَرْتَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ فَأَكْثِرِ اسْتِشَارَتَهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ قَضَاءَ حَاجَتِكَ فَأَبْعِدِ الْمَذْهَبَ فِي الْأَرْضِ.
(The book) ‘Mahasin’ of Al Barqy – from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Al Minqary, from Hammad Bin Usman, from Hammad Bin Isa,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Luqman-as said to his-as son: ‘When you travel with a group, then frequently seek their consultation’ – up to he-as said: ‘And when you want to fulfil your need, then distance your going into the land’’.[284]
35- مَجْمَعُ الْبَيَانِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي وَصْفِ لُقْمَانَ ع قَالَ لَمْ يَرَهُ أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَى بَوْلٍ وَ لَا غَائِطٍ وَ لَا اغْتِسَالٍ لِشِدَّةِ تَسَتُّرِهِ وَ تَحَفُّظِهِ فِي أَمْرِهِ.
(The book) ‘Majma Al Bayan’ –
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws in a description of Luqman-as, he-asws said: ‘No one from the people saw him upon urination, nor being upon defecation, nor bathing, due to the intensity of his concealing and his-as guarding regarding his-as affairs’’.[285]
36- شَرْحُ النَّفْلِيَّةِ، لِلشَّهِيدِ الثَّانِي عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُرَ عَلَى بَوْلٍ وَ لَا غَائِطٍ.
(The book) ‘Sharh Al Nafliya’ of Al Shaheed Al Sany –
‘From the Prophet-saww, he-saww was neither seen being upon urination nor defecation’’.[286]
قَالَ وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ أَتَى الْغَائِطَ فَلْيَسْتَتِرْ.
He said, ‘And he-asws said: ‘One who goes for the defecation, let him take cover’’.[287]
37- كَشْفُ الْغُمَّةِ، عَنْ جُنَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: نَزَلْنَا النَّهْرَوَانَ فَبَرَزْتُ عَنِ الصُّفُوفِ وَ رَكَزْتُ رُمْحِي وَ وَضَعْتُ تُرْسِي وَ اسْتَتَرْتُ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ فَإِنِّي لَجَالِسٌ إِذْ وَرَدَ عَلَيَّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ يَا أَخَا الْأَزْدِ مَعَكَ طَهُورٌ
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ – from Juneyd Bin Abdullah who said,
‘We descended at Al-Nahrwan. I went out from the rows (of the soldiers) and turned down my spear and placed down my shield, and I covered from the sunshine. I was seated when Ali Amir Al-Momineen-asws passed by me. He-asws said: ‘O brother of Al-Azd! Is there a purifier (water) with you?’
قُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَنَاوَلْتُهُ الْإِدَاوَةَ فَمَضَى حَتَّى لَمْ أَرَهُ وَ أَقْبَلَ وَ قَدْ تَطَهَّرَ فَجَلَسَ فِي ظِلِّ التُّرْسِ الْحَدِيثَ.
I said, ‘Yes’. I gave him-asws the container. He-asws went until I could not see him-asws, and he-asws came back, and he had purified. He-asws in the shade of the shield’ – the Hadeeth’’.[288]
38- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْعَمْرَكِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى ع يَا مُوسَى لَا تَفْرَحْ بِكَثْرَةِ الْمَالِ وَ لَا تَدَعْ ذِكْرِي عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ فَإِنَّ كَثْرَةَ الْمَالِ تُنْسِي الذُّنُوبَ وَ إِنَّ تَرْكَ ذِكْرِي يُقْسِي الْقُلُوبَ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Al Amraky,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to Musa-as: “O Musa-as! Neither rejoice with abundance of wealth nor leave My-azwj Zikr upon all situations, for the abundance of wealth makes one forget the sins, and neglecting My-azwj Zikr hardens the hearts’’.[289]
39 الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مِثْلَهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya, from his father, from Al-Husayn Bin Is’haq, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Fazala, from Ismail Bin Abu Ziyad,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws – similar to it’’.[290]
40- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ كَانَ أَبِي يَقُولُ إِذَا عَطَسَ أَحَدُكُمْ وَ هُوَ عَلَى خَلَاءٍ فَلْيُحَمِّدِ اللَّهَ فِي نَفْسِهِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – from Haroun Bin Muslim, from Mas’ada Bin Sadaqa,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws had said: ‘When one of you sneezed while he is upon the toilet, let him praise Allah-azwj within himself’’.[291]
41- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْآدَمِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ اللُّؤْلُؤِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ غَزْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: طُولُ الْجُلُوسِ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ يُورِثُ الْبَاسُورَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Abu Saeed Al Adamy, from Al-Hassan Al Luluie, from Muhammad Bin Saeed Bin Gazwan, from Ismail Bin Abu Ziyad,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Prolonging the sitting upon the toilet inherits the haemorrhoids’’.[292]
42- عُيُونُ الْأَخْبَارِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ شَاهٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّيْشَابُورِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الطَّائِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْخُوزِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْهَرَوِيِّ وَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأُشْنَانِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَهْرَوَيْهِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ كُلِّهِمْ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ الْمُسْتَرَاحَ فَوَجَدَ لُقْمَةً مُلْقَاةً فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَى غُلَامٍ لَهُ فَقَالَ يَا غُلَامُ اذْكُرْنِي بِهَذِهِ اللُّقْمَةِ إِذَا خَرَجْتُ
(The book) ‘Uyoun Al Akhbar’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Shah, from Abu Bakr Bin Abdullah Al Neshapuri, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad Al Taie, from his father, and from Ahmad Bin Ibrahim Al Khowzy, from Ibrahim Bin Marwn, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah Al Harqy, and from Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad Al Ushnani, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Mahrawiya, from Dawood Bin Suleyman, all of them,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Al-Husayn Bin Ali-asws having entered the rest room, and he-asws found a morsel having been thrown. He-asws handed it to a slave of his‑asws. He-asws said: ‘O slave! Remind me-asws of this morsel when I-asws come out!’
فَأَكَلَهَا الْغُلَامُ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع قَالَ يَا غُلَامُ اللُّقْمَةُ قَالَ أَكَلْتُهَا يَا مَوْلَايَ قَالَ أَنْتَ حُرٌّ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ
The slave ate it. When Al-Husayn-asws emerged, he-asws said: ‘O slave! The morsel?’ He said, ‘I ate it, O my Master-asws!’ He-asws said: ‘You are hereby free for the Face of Allah-azwj!’
قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَعْتَقْتَهُ يَا سَيِّدِي
A man said to him-asws, ‘You-asws have liberated him, O my Master-asws?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ سَمِعْتُ جَدِّي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ مَنْ وَجَدَ لُقْمَةً فَمَسَحَ مِنْهَا أَوْ غَسَلَ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ أَكَلَهَا لَمْ تَسْتَقِرَّ فِي جَوْفِهِ إِلَّا أَعْتَقَهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ لَمْ أَكُنْ أَسْتَعْبِدُ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ النَّارِ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes! I-asws heard my-asws grandfather-saww Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘One who finds a morsel, so he wipes from it, or washed from it, then eats it, it will not settle in his interior except Allah-azwj will Liberate him from the Fire, and I-asws am not going to enslave a man whom Allah-azwj has Liberated from the Fire’’.[293]
وَ فِي الْفَقِيهِ دَخَلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع فَوَجَدَ لُقْمَةَ خُبْزٍ فِي الْقَذَرِ فَأَخَذَهَا وَ غَسَلَهَا وَ دَفَعَهَا إِلَى مَمْلُوكٍ كَانَ مَعَهُ إِلَى آخِرِ الْخَبَرِ.
And in (the book) ‘Al-Faqeeh’ –
‘Abu Ja’far-asws entered. He-asws found a morsel of bread in the dirt. He-asws took it, and washed it, and handed it to a slave of his-asws’ – up to the end of the Hadeeth’’.[294]
43- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُجَامِعُ وَ يَدْخُلُ الْكَنِيفَ وَ عَلَيْهِ خَاتَمٌ فِيهِ ذِكْرُ اللَّهِ أَوْ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ أَ يَصْلُحُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَا.
Kitab Al Masaail’ – by the chain,
‘Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man who had sex and enters the toilet and upon him was a ring wherein was mention of Allah-azwj or something from the Quran, ‘Is that correct?’ He-asws said: ‘No’’.[295]
44- نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الرُّويَانِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الدِّيبَاجِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْأَشْعَثِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْبَوْلُ فِي الْمَاءِ الْقَائِمِ مِنَ الْجَفَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – from Abdul Wahid Bin Ismail Al Rowbany, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Tameemi, from Sahl Bin Ahmad Al Dibaji, from Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Ash’as, from Musa Bin Ismail Bin Musa, from his father,
‘From his grandfather-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The urinating in the water while standing is from the bad etiquettes’’.[296]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع عَلَّمَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا دَخَلْتُ الْكَنِيفَ أَنْ أَقُولَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْخَبِيثِ الْمُخْبِثِ النِّجْسِ الرِّجْسِ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ.
And by this chain who said,
‘Ali-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww taught me-asws, whenever I-asws enter the toilet I-asws should say: ‘O Allah-azwj! I-asws seek Refuge with You-azwj from the wickedness of the wicked and the uncleanness of the unclean pelted Satan-la’’.[297]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ ع قَالَ أَبِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يَا بُنَيَّ اتَّخِذْ ثَوْباً لِلْغَائِطِ فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ الذُّبَابَ يَقَعْنَ عَلَى الشَّيْءِ الرَّقِيقِ ثُمَّ يَقَعْنَ عَلَيَّ
And by this chain, said,
‘Al-Baqir-asws said: ‘My-asws father Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘O my-asws son-asws! Take a cloth for the defecation, for I-asws have seen the flies falling upon the thin thing, then falling upon me-asws’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُهُ فَقَالَ مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَ لَا لِأَصْحَابِهِ إِلَّا ثَوْبٌ وَاحِدٌ.
He-asws said: ‘Then I-asws came to him-asws. He-asws said: ‘There neither happened to be for the Prophet-saww nor for his-saww companions, except one cloth’’.[298]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُطَمِّحَ الرَّجُلُ بِبَوْلِهِ مِنَ السَّطْحِ فِي الْهَوَاءِ وَ نَهَى أَنْ يَبُولَ الرَّجُلُ وَ فَرْجُهُ بَادٍ لِلْقِبْلَةِ.
And by this chain,
He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww prohibited from the man aiming with his urine from the roof, into the air, and he-saww prohibited from the man urinating and his private parts appear towards the Qiblah’’.[299]
45- نُقِلَ مِنْ خَطِّ الشَّهِيدِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: كَانَ نُوحٌ كَبِيرُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ إِذَا قَامَ مِنَ الْحَاجَةِ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَذَاقَنِي طَعْمَهُ وَ أَبْقَى فِي جَسَدِي مَنْفَعَتَهُ وَ أَخْرَجَ عَنِّي أَذَاهُ وَ مَشَقَّتَهُ.
It is copied from the handwriting of Al Shaheed, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him,
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Noah-as was a big from the Prophets-as. When he-as stood from the need, he-as said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Made me-as taste its taste and its benefit remains in my-as body, and its harm and its adversity has come out from me-as!’’[300]
46- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ هَدِيَّةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْقَيْسِيِّ عَنْ مُبَارَكِ بْنِ فَضَالَةَ عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِلْحَسَنِ ابْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ أَ لَا أُعَلِّمُكَ أَرْبَعَ خِصَالٍ تَسْتَغْنِي بِهَا عَنِ الطِّبِّ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Musa, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Zakariya, from Bakr Bin Abdullah Bin Habeeb, from Ibn Ubeyd, from Hadiya Bin Khalid Al Qeysi, from Mubarak Bin Fazala Bin Nubata who said,
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to his-asws son-asws Al-Hassan-asws: ‘O my-asws son-asws! Shall I-asws teach you-asws four traits you-asws can been needless by these from the medicine?’
فَقَالَ بَلَى يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, O Amir Al-Momineen-asws!’
قَالَ لَا تَجْلِسْ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ إِلَّا وَ أَنْتَ جَائِعٌ وَ لَا تَقُمْ على [عَنِ] الطَّعَامِ إِلَّا وَ أَنْتَ تَشْتَهِيهِ وَ جَوِّدِ الْمَضْغَ وَ إِذَا نِمْتَ فَأَعْرِضْ نَفْسَكَ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ فَإِذَا اسْتَعْمَلْتَ هَذَا اسْتَغْنَيْتَ عَنِ الطِّبِ.
He-asws said: ‘Neither sit upon the meal except and you-asws are hungry, nor stand from the meal except and you are (still) desirous (of eating), and be good at the chewing, and when you-asws sleep, then present yourself-asws to the toilet. When you utilise this, you-asws will be needless from the medicine’’.[301]
47- عُدَّةُ الدَّاعِي، رَوَى الْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ بِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَ أَنْتَ تَبُولُ فَإِنَّ ذِكْرَ اللَّهِ حَسَنٌ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ وَ لَا تَسْأَمْ مِنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ.
(The book) ‘Uddat Al Daie’ – ‘It is reported by Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There is no problem with Zikr of Allah-azwj while you are urinating, for Zikr of Allah-azwj is excellent upon all situations, and do not grow weary from Zikr of Allah-azwj’’.[302]
وَ عَنْهُ ع فِيمَا أَوْحَى إِلَى مُوسَى ع يَا مُوسَى لَا تَفْرَحْ بِكَثْرَةِ الْمَالِ وَ لَا تَدَعْ ذِكْرِي عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ فَإِنَّ كَثْرَةَ الْمَالِ تُنْسِي الذُّنُوبَ وَ إِنَّ تَرْكَ ذِكْرِي يُقْسِي الْقُلُوبَ.
And from him-asws: ‘Among what He-azwj Revealed to Musa-as: “O Musa-as! Do not rejoice at the abundance of wealth nor leave My-azwj Zikr upon all situations, for the abundance of wealth makes one forget the sins, and neglecting My-azwj Zikr hardens the hearts!”’[303]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: مَكْتُوبٌ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ الَّتِي لَمْ تُغَيَّرْ أَنَّ مُوسَى سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ فَقَالَ إِلَهِي يَأْتِي عَلَيَّ مَجَالِسُ أُعِزُّكَ وَ أُجِلُّكَ أَنْ أَذْكُرَكَ فِيهَا
And from Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘It is written in the Torah which had not been altered, that Musa-as asked his-as Lord-azwj. He-as said: ‘My-as God-azwj! I-as come to sittings I-as consider You‑azwj being too Mighty and too Majestic that I-as should be mentioning You-azwj in it!’
فَقَالَ يَا مُوسَى إِنَّ ذِكْرِي عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ حَسَنٌ.
He-azwj Said: “O Musa-as! My-azwj Zikr is excellent upon all situations!”’[304]
48- الْهِدَايَةُ، السُّنَّةُ فِي دُخُولِ الْخَلَاءِ أَنْ يُدْخِلَ الرَّجُلُ رِجْلَهُ الْيُسْرَى قَبْلَ الْيُمْنَى وَ يُغَطِّيَ رَأْسَهُ وَ يَذْكُرَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ التَّغَوُّطُ عَلَى شُطُوطِ الْأَنْهَارِ وَ الطُّرُقِ النَّافِذَةِ وَ أَبْوَابِ الدُّورِ وَ فَيْءِ النُّزَّالِ وَ تَحْتَ الْأَشْجَارِ الْمُثْمِرَةِ
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘The Sunnah regarding entering the toilet is that the man should enter his left leg before the right, and cover his head, and mention Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and the defecation is not allowed upon the river banks, and the frequented paths, and doors of the house and the shades of descending (from journeys), and beneath the fruit-bearing trees.
وَ لَا يَجُوزُ الْبَوْلُ فِي جُحْرٍ وَ لَا مَاءٍ رَاكِدٍ وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِالْبَوْلِ فِي مَاءٍ جَارٍ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُطَمِّحَ الرَّجُلُ بِبَوْلِهِ فِي الْهَوَاءِ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَجْلِسَ لِلْبَوْلِ وَ الْغَائِطِ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ لَا مُسْتَدْبِرَهَا وَ لَا مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْهِلَالِ وَ لَا مُسْتَدْبِرَهُ وَ يُكْرَهُ الْكَلَامُ وَ السِّوَاكُ لِلرَّجُلِ وَ هُوَ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ
And the urinating is not allowed in a hole, nor still water and there is no problem with urinating in flowing water, and it is not allowed for the man to aim with his urine in the air, and it is not allowed to sit for the urinating and the defecating facing the Qiblah nor with his back to it, nor facing the crescent nor having his back to it, and it is disliked for the man to talk and brush his teeth while he is upon the toilet’.
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ لَمْ تُقْضَ حَاجَتُهُ وَ السِّوَاكُ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ يُورِثُ الْبَخَرَ وَ طُولُ الْجُلُوسِ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ يُورِثُ الْبَاسُورَ وَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ إِذَا فَرَغَ مِنْ حَاجَتِهِ أَنْ يَقُولَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَمَاطَ عَنِّي الْأَذَى وَ هَنَّأَنِي الطَّعَامَ وَ عَافَانِي مِنَ الْبَلْوَى
And it is reported that the one who talks while being upon the toilet will not fulfil his need, and brushing the teeth upon the toilet inherits the mouth odour; and prolonged sitting upon the toilet inherits the haemorrhoids; and it is upon the man when he is free from his need, that he should be saying, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Expelled the harm from me, and Made the food comfortable for me, and Granted me well being from the affliction’.
وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ لِأَنَّ ذِكْرَ اللَّهِ حَسَنٌ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ وَ مَنْ سَمِعَ الْأَذَانَ وَ هُوَ عَلَى الْخَلَاءِ فَلْيَقُلْ كَمَا يَقُولُ الْمُؤَذِّنُ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَبُولَ الرَّجُلُ قَائِماً مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ لِأَنَّهُ مِنَ الْجَفَاءِ
And there is no problem with mentioning Allah-azwj upon the toilet, because Zikr of Allah-azwj is excellent upon all situations; and the one who hears the Azaan while he is upon the toilet, let him say like what the Muezzin is saying; and it is not allowed for the man to urinate while standing from without a reason because it is from the bad etiquettes.
وَ يُكْرَهُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْخَلَاءَ وَ مَعَهُ مُصْحَفٌ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ أَوْ دِرْهَمٌ عَلَيْهِ اسْمُ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي صُرَّةٍ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْخَلَاءَ وَ مَعَهُ خَاتَمٌ عَلَيْهِ اسْمُ اللَّهِ فَإِذَا دَخَلَ وَ هُوَ عَلَيْهِ فَلْيُحَوِّلْهُ عَنْ يَدِهِ الْيُسْرَى إِذَا أَرَادَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءَ
And it is disliked for the man to enter the toilet and with him is a parchment wherein is the Quran, or a Dirham (coin) having a Name of Allah-azwj upon it, except if it happens to be in a money pouch; and it is not allowed for him to enter the toilet and with him is a ring upon it is a Name of Allah-azwj. When he enters and it is upon him, let him transfer it away from his left hand when he intends the cleansing.
فَإِذَا أَرَادَ الْخُرُوجَ مِنَ الْخَلَاءِ فَلْيُخْرِجْ رِجْلَهُ الْيُمْنَى قَبْلَ الْيُسْرَى وَ يَمْسَحُ يَدَهُ عَلَى بَطْنِهِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي عَرَّفَنِي لَذَّتَهُ وَ أَبْقَى قُوَّتَهُ فِي جَسَدِي وَ أَخْرَجَ عَنِّي أَذَاهُ يَا لَهَا نِعْمَةً ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ.
When he intends to go out from the toilet, let him bring out his right leg before the left, and wipe his hand upon his belly, and he should be saying, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Introduced me to its pleasure, and Caused its strength to remain in my body, and Expelled its harm from me! O what a bounty!’ (three times)’’.[305]
49- وَجَدْتُ بِخَطِّ الشَّيْخِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْجُبَاعِيِّ نَقْلًا مِنْ جَامِعِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: لَا تَشْرَبْ وَ أَنْتَ قَائِمٌ وَ لَا تَنَمْ وَ بِيَدِكَ رِيحُ الْغَمَرِ وَ لَا تَبُلْ فِي الْمَاءِ وَ لَا تَخَلَّ عَلَى قَبْرٍ وَ لَا تَمْشِ فِي نَعْلٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ أَسْرَعُ مَا يَكُونُ إِلَى الْإِنْسَانِ عَلَى بَعْضِ هَذِهِ الْأَحْوَالِ
I found in the handwriting of the sheykh Muhammad Bin Ali Al Jubaie, copying from ‘Jamie’ of Al Bazanty, from Abu Baseer,
‘Al-Baqir-asws said: ‘Neither drink while you are standing, nor sleep while your hand is smelling from food stains, and nor urinate in the water, nor defecate upon a grace, nor walk in one slipper for the Satan-la is quickest as can be to the human being upon one of these situations’.
وَ قَالَ مَا أَصَابَ أَحَداً عَلَى هَذِهِ الْحَالِ فَكَادَ يُفَارِقُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ.
And he-asws said: ‘And whatever afflicts someone being upon this situation, it will almost not be separated from him except if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.[306]
50- الْخِصَالُ، لِلصَّدُوقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَا يَبُولَنَّ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ سَطْحٍ فِي الْهَوَاءِ وَ لَا يَبُولَنَّ فِي مَاءٍ جَارٍ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَأَصَابَهُ شَيْءٌ فَلَا يَلُومَنَّ إِلَّا نَفْسَهُ فَإِنَّ لِلْمَاءِ أَهْلًا وَ لِلْهَوَاءِ أَهْلًا:.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ of Al Sadouq – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Isa Al Yaqteeny, from Al Qasim Bin Yayha, from his grandfather Al-Hassan Bin Rashid, from Abu Baseer, and Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The man should not urinate from a roof into the air, nor should he urinate in flowing water. If he were to do that, and something afflicts him, he should not blame except himself, for there are inhabitants for the water, and inhabitants for the air’’.[307]
وَ قَالَ ع: إِذَا بَالَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلَا يُطَمِّحَنَّ بِبَوْلِهِ وَ لَا يَسْتَقْبِلُ بِبَوْلِهِ الرِّيحَ:.
And he-asws said: ‘When one of you urinates, he should not aim with his urine (in the air), nor face the wind with his urinating’’.[308]
وَ قَالَ ع: لَا تَبُلْ عَلَى الْمَحَجَّةِ وَ لَا تَتَغَوَّطْ عَلَيْهَا:.
And he-asws said: ‘Neither urinate upon the main road nor defecate upon it’’.[309]
وَ قَالَ ع: لَا تُعَجِّلُوا الرَّجُلَ عِنْدَ طَعَامِهِ حَتَّى يَفْرُغَ وَ لَا عِنْدَ غَائِطِهِ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ عَلَى حَاجَتِهِ.
And he-asws said: ‘Do not hasten the man during his meal until he is free, nor during his defecation until he comes to his need (fulfilled)’’.[310]
51 دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، رُوِّينَا عَنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ ع أَنَّهُمْ أَمَرُوا بِسَتْرِ الْعَوْرَةِ وَ غَضِّ الْبَصَرِ عَنْ عَوْرَاتِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ نَهَوُا الْمُؤْمِنَ أَنْ يَكْشِفَ عَوْرَتَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ بِحَيْثُ لَا يَرَاهُ أَحَدٌ
(The book) ‘Da’aim’ Al Islam –
‘We are reporting from People-asws of the Household, they-asws instructed with covering the private parts, and closing the eyes from nakedness of the Muslims, and forbade the Momin from uncovering his nakedness and even though nobody is seeing him.
وَ أَنَّ بَعْضَهُمْ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ نَزَلَ إِلَى الْمَاءِ وَ عَلَيْهِ إِزَارٌ وَ لَمْ يَنْزَعْهُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ قَدْ نَزَلْتَ فِي الْمَاءِ وَ اسْتَتَرْتَ بِهِ فَانْزَعْهُ قَالَ فَكَيْفَ بِسَاكِنِ الْمَاءِ
And that one of them-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws, descended to the water and there was a loincloth upon him-asws and he-asws did not remove it. It was said to him‑asws, ‘You-asws have descended into the water and are covered by it, so remove it!’ He-asws said: ‘What about dwellers of the water?’
وَ نَهَوْا عَنِ الْكَلَامِ فِي حَالِ الْحَدَثِ وَ الْبَوْلِ وَ أَنْ يَرُدَّ سَلَامَ مَنْ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالَةِ
And they forbade from the talking in the state of defecation and the urination, and from responding the greeting to the one greeting unto him while he is in that state.
وَ رَوَوْا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْخَلَاءَ تَقَنَّعَ وَ غَطَّى رَأْسَهُ وَ لَمْ يَرَهُ أَحَدٌ وَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ قَضَاءَ حَاجَةٍ فِي السَّفَرِ أَبْعَدَ مَا شَاءَ وَ اسْتَتَرَ
And it is reported that Rasool-Allah-saww was such, when he entered the toilet, he-saww disguised and covered his-as head and nobody saw him-saww; and it was so whenever he-saww wanted to fulfil his-saww need during the journey, he-saww would distance whatever he-saww so desired, and concealed.
وَ قَالُوا مِنْ فِقْهِ الرَّجُلِ ارْتِيَادُ مَكَانِ الْغَائِطِ وَ الْبَوْلِ وَ النُّخَامَةِ يَعْنُونَ ع أَنْ لَا يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ بِحَيْثُ يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ.
And they-asws said: ‘From understanding of the man is frequenting place of the defecation and the urination and the phlegm. They-asws meant, that should not happen whereby the people are seeing him’’.[311]
وَ رُوِّينَا عَنْ بَعْضِهِمْ ع أَنَّهُ أَمَرَ بِابْتِنَاءِ مَخْرَجٍ فِي الدَّارِ فَأَشَارُوا إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ غَيْرِ مُسْتَتِرٍ مِنَ الدَّارِ فَقَالَ يَا هَؤُلَاءِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمَّا خَلَقَ الْإِنْسَانَ خَلَقَ مَخْرَجَهُ فِي أَسْتَرِ مَوْضِعٍ مِنْهُ وَ كَذَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمَخْرَجُ فِي أَسْتَرِ مَوْضِعٍ فِي الدَّارِ.
And we are reporting from one of them-asws, he-asws instructed with building a toilet in the house. They indicate to a place without covering (concealment) from the house. He-asws said: ‘O you all! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, when He-azwj Created the human being, Created his outlet in the most concealed of the places from him, and like that it is befitting for the toilet to be in the most concealed of places in the house’’.[312]
وَ عَنْهُمْ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: الْبَوْلُ فِي الْمَاءِ الْقَائِمِ مِنَ الْجَفَاءِ وَ نَهَى عَنْهُ وَ عَنِ الْغَائِطِ فِيهِ وَ فِي النَّهَرِ وَ عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْبِئْرِ يُسْتَعْذَبُ مِنْ مَائِهَا وَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ الْمُثْمِرَةِ وَ بَيْنَ الْقُبُورِ وَ عَلَى الطُّرُقِ وَ الْأَفْنِيَةِ
And from them-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The urinating in the water while standing is from the bad etiquettes’, and he-saww prohibited from it, and from defecating in it, and in the river, and upon edge of the well water there is usage from its water, and beneath the fruit-bearing tree, and between the graves, and upon the road, and the courtyards.
وَ أَنْ يُطَمِّحَ الرَّجُلُ بِبَوْلِهِ مِنَ الْمَكَانِ الْعَالِي وَ مِنِ اسْتِقْبَالِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ اسْتِدْبَارِهَا فِي حَالِ الْحَدَثِ وَ الْبَوْلِ وَ أَنْ يَبُولَ الرَّجُلُ قَائِماً وَ أَمَرَ بِالتَّوَقِّي مِنَ الْبَوْلِ وَ التَّحَفُّظِ مِنْهُ وَ مِنَ النَّجَاسَاتِ كُلِّهَا وَ رَخَّصُوا فِي الْبَوْلِ وَ الْغَائِطِ فِي الْآنِيَةِ.
And (prohibited) from the man aiming with his urine from the high place, and from facing the Qiblah, and having the back towards it during the state of defecation and the urination, and from the man urinating while standing, and he-saww instructed with the precaution from the urine and be guarding from it, and from the uncleanness, all of it, and they-asws allowed regarding the urinating and the defecating in the container’’.[313]
وَ رُوِّينَا عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْمَخْرَجَ لِقَضَاءِ الْحَاجَةِ قَالَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الرِّجْسِ النِّجْسِ الْخَبِيثِ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ
And we are reporting from Ali-asws, when he-asws entered the toilet to fulfil the need, he-asws said: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj! O Allah-azwj! I-asws seek Refuge with You-azwj from the unclean, the filthy, the wicked, the pelted Satan-la’.
فَإِذَا خَرَجَ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي عَافَانِي فِي جَسَدِي وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَمَاطَ عَنِّي الْأَذَى.
When he-asws came out, he-asws said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Granted me well-being in my body, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Expelled the harm from me!’’[314]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْمَخْرَجَ فَقُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الرِّجْسِ النِّجْسِ الْخَبِيثِ الْمُخْبِثِ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ اللَّهُمَّ كَمَا أَطْعَمْتَنِيهِ فِي عَافِيَةٍ فَأَخْرِجْهُ مِنِّي فِي عَافِيَةٍ
And from Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘When you enter the toilet, then say, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj, and by Allah-azwj! I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the unclean, the filthy, the wickedness of the wicked pelted Satan-la! O Allah-azwj! Just as You-azwj had Fed me in well being, Expel it from me in well being!’
فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَقُلِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَمَاطَ عَنِّي الْأَذَى وَ هَنَّأَنِي طَعَامِي وَ شَرَابِي.
When you are free, then say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Expelled the harm from me and Made my food and my drink comfortable for me’’.[315]
52 تَوْحِيدُ الْمُفَضَّلِ، بِرِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: اعْتَبِرِ الْآنَ يَا مُفَضَّلُ بِعِظَمِ النِّعْمَةِ عَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ فِي مَطْعَمِهِ وَ مَشْرَبِهِ وَ تَسْهِيلِ خُرُوجِ الْأَذَى أَ لَيْسَ مِنْ خَلْقِ التَّقْدِيرِ فِي بِنَاءِ الدَّارِ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْخَلَاءُ فِي أَسْتَرِ مَوْضِعٍ مِنْهَا
(The book) ‘Tawheed’ of Al Mufazzal – by a report of Muhammad Bin Sinan, from him,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Learn a lesson now, O Mufazzal, with the great Favour upon the human being in his food and his drink, and the easiness of the exit of the harmful (substance). Isn’t the one who is good at determination regarding building the house, that the toilet would happen to be in the most veiled place in it?
فَهَكَذَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ الْمَنْفَذَ الْمُهَيَّأَ لِلْخَلَاءِ مِنَ الْإِنْسَانِ فِي أَسْتَرِ مَوْضِعٍ مِنْهُ وَ لَمْ يَجْعَلْهُ بَارِزاً مِنْ خَلْفِهِ وَ لَا نَاشِراً مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ
That is how Allah-azwj, Glorious is He-azwj, Made a port configured for the toilet to be in the most veiled place from him, and He-azwj did not Make it prominent from behind him, not openly in front of him.
بَلْ هُوَ مُغَيَّبٌ فِي مَوْضِعٍ غَامِضٍ مِنَ الْبَدَنِ مَسْتُورٌ مَحْجُوبٌ يَلْتَقِي عَلَيْهِ الْفَخِذَانِ وَ تَحْجُبُهُ الْأَلْيَتَانِ بِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا مِنَ اللَّحْمِ فَيُوَارِيَانِهِ فَإِذَا احْتَاجَ الْإِنْسَانُ إِلَى الْخَلَاءِ جَلَسَ تِلْكَ الْجِلْسَةَ أَلْفَى ذَلِكَ الْمَنْفَذَ مِنْهُ مُنْصَبّاً مُهَيَّأً لِانْحِدَارِ السُّفْلِ فَتَبَارَكَ مَنْ تَظَاهَرَتْ آلَاؤُهُ وَ لَا تُحْصَى نَعْمَاؤُهُ.
But, it is hidden in an obscure place of the body, veiled, concealed, two thighs meeting upon it, and it is veiled by the two tools (buttocks) with whatever is upon them from the flesh, and they cover it. So, when the human being is needy to the toilet, and he sits that sitting, you will find that port to be positioned for the rolling out the weight. Blessed is Allah-azwj from His-azwj Favours been shown, nor His-azwj Bounties to be counted’’.[316]
53 الْعِلَلُ، لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ قَالَ: أَوَّلُ حَدٍّ مِنْ حُدُودِ الصَّلَاةِ هُوَ الِاسْتِنْجَاءُ وَ هُوَ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ لَا بُدَّ لِكُلِّ النَّاسِ مِنْ مَعْرِفَتِهَا وَ إِقَامَتِهَا وَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ آدَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ of Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim who said,
‘The first limit from limits of the Salat, it is the cleansing from the toilet, and it is one of ten, there is no escape for the people from knowing it and establishing it, and that is from the etiquettes of Rasool-Allah-saww.
فَإِذَا أَرَادَ الْبَوْلَ وَ الْغَائِطَ فَلَا يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةَ بِقُبُلٍ وَ لَا دُبُرٍ وَ الْعِلَّةُ فِي ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْكَعْبَةَ أَعْظَمُ آيَةٍ لِلَّهِ فِي أَرْضِهِ وَ أَجَلُّ حُرْمَةً فَلَا تَسْتَقْبِلْ بِالْعَوْرَتَيْنِ الْقُبُلِ وَ الدُّبُرِ لِتَعْظِيمِ آيَةِ اللَّهِ وَ حَرَمِ اللَّهِ وَ بَيْتِ اللَّهِ
Whenever he-saww intended the urination or the defecation, it was not allowed for him to face the Qiblah, neither with front nor back; and the reason regarding that is that the Kabah is mightiest sign of Allah-azwj in His-azwj earth, and of most majestic sanctity. Therefore, you should not face it with the two private parts, the front and the back, due to the reverence to the sign of Allah-azwj and Sanctity of Allah-azwj, and House of Allah-azwj.
وَ لَا يَسْتَقْبِلُ الشَّمْسَ وَ الْقَمَرَ لِأَنَّهُمَا آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ لَيْسَ فِي السَّمَاءِ أَعْظَمُ مِنْهُمَا لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ جَعَلْنَا اللَّيْلَ وَ النَّهارَ آيَتَيْنِ فَمَحَوْنا آيَةَ اللَّيْلِ وَ هُوَ السَّوَادُ الَّذِي فِي الْقَمَرِ وَ جَعَلْنا آيَةَ النَّهارِ مُبْصِرَةً الْآيَةَ
And one should not face the sun and the moon, because these are two signs from signs of Allah-azwj. There isn’t in the sky mightier than these two, due to Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: And We Made the night and the day as two Signs, then We Erased the Sign of the night [17:12] – and it is the darkness which is in the moon – and We Made the Sign of the day to be visible, [17:12] – the Verse.
وَ عِلَّةٌ أُخْرَى أَنَّ فِيهَا نُوراً مُرَكَّباً فَلَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَسْتَقْبِلَ بِقُبُلٍ وَ لَا دُبُرٍ إِذْ كَانَتْ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَ فِيهَا نُورٌ مِنْ نُورِ اللَّهِ
And another reason is, there is Noor installed in it, therefore it is not allowed to face with front nor back, when these were from the signs of Allah-azwj, and in it is Noor from the Noor of Allah-azwj.
وَ لَا يَسْتَقْبِلُ الرِّيحَ لِعِلَّتَيْنِ إِحْدَاهُمَا أَنَّ الرِّيحَ يَرُدُّ الْبَوْلَ فَيُصِيبُ الثَّوْبَ وَ رُبَّمَا لَمْ يَعْلَمِ الرَّجُلُ ذَلِكَ أَوْ لَمْ يَجِدْ مَا يَغْسِلُهُ وَ الْعِلَّةُ الثَّانِيَةُ أَنَّ مَعَ الرِّيحِ مَلَكاً فَلَا يَسْتَقْبِلُ بِالْعَوْرَةِ
And one should not face the wind for two reasons. One of these is that the wind might return the urine and hit the clothes, and maybe the man would not know that, or he may not find what he can wash with; and the second reason is that there is an Angel (allocated) with the wind, therefore do not face with the private parts.
وَ لَا يَتَوَضَّأُ عَلَى شَطِّ نَهَرٍ جَارٍ وَ الْعِلَّةُ فِي ذَلِكَ أَنَّ فِي الْأَنْهَارِ سُكَّاناً مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ لَا فِي مَاءٍ رَاكِدٍ وَ الْعِلَّةُ فِيهِ أَنَّهُ يُنَجِّسُهُ وَ يُقَذِّرُهُ فَيَأْخُذُ الْمُحْتَاجُ مِنْهُ فَيَتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ وَ يُصَلِّي بِهِ وَ لَا يَعْلَمُ أَوْ يَشْرَبُهُ أَوْ يَغْتَسِلُ بِهِ
And do not wash (defecate) at the banks of a flowing river, and the reason regarding that is that there are dwellers from the Angels in the rivers; nor in still waters, and the reason regarding it is that it would impure it and dirty it, therefore let the needy take from it to wash from it, and pray Salat with it, and he does not know whether it has been drunk or washed with.
وَ لَا بَيْنَ الْقُبُورِ وَ الْعِلَّةُ فِيهِ أَنَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَزُورُونَ قُبُورَهُمْ فَيَتَأَذَّوْنَ بِهِ وَ لَا فِي فَيْءِ النُّزَّالِ لِأَنَّهُ رُبَّمَا نَزَلَهُ النَّاسُ فِي ظُلْمَةِ اللَّيْلِ فَيَظِلُّوا فِيهِ وَ يُصِيبَهُمْ وَ لَا يَعْلَمُوا
Nor (excrete) between the graves, and the reason regarding it is that the Momineen are visiting their graves, so they will be harmed by it; nor in a shade of the descending (from journey) because sometimes the people descend in its shade at night to be shaded by it, and it might hit them while they are no knowing.
وَ لَا فِي أَفْنِيَةِ الْمَسَاجِدِ أَرْبَعُونَ ذِرَاعاً فِي أَرْبَعِينَ ذِرَاعاً لِأَنَّهَا حَرَمٌ وَ لَهَا حَرِيمٌ لِقَوْلِ الصَّادِقِ ع حَرِيمُ الْمَسَاجِدِ أَرْبَعُونَ ذِرَاعاً فِي أَرْبَعِينَ ذِرَاعاً
Nor (excrete) in courtyards of the Masjids, forty cubits by forty cubits, because it is a sanctuary and there is a sanctity for it, due to words of Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘Sanctuary of the Masjid is forty cubits by forty cubits’.
وَ لَا تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ مُثْمِرَةٍ لِقَوْلِ الصَّادِقِ ع مَا مِنْ ثَمَرَةٍ وَ لَا شَجَرَةٍ وَ لَا غَرْسَةٍ إِلَّا وَ مَعَهَا مَلَكٌ يُسَبِّحُ اللَّهَ وَ يُقَدِّسُهُ وَ يُهَلِّلُهُ فَلَا يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ لِعِلَّةِ الْمَلَكِ الْمُوَكَّلِ بِهَا وَ لِئَلَّا يُسْتَخَفَّ بِمَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ وَ لَا عَلَى الثِّمَارِ لِهَذِهِ الْعِلَّةِ
Nor (excrete) beneath a fruit-bearing tree, due to words of Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘There is none from a fruit, nor a tree, nor a plant except and there is an Angel with it glorifying Allah-azwj, and extolling His-azwj Holiness, and extolling His-azwj Oneness’. Thus, that is not allowed for the reason of the Angel allocated with it, and lest he takes lightly with what Allah-azwj has Permitted, nor (excrete) upon the fruits for this reason.
وَ لَا عَلَى جَوَادِّ الطَّرِيقِ وَ الْعِلَّةُ فِيهِ أَنَّهُ رُبَّمَا وَطِئَهُ النَّاسُ فِي ظُلْمَةِ اللَّيْلِ وَ لَا فِي بَيْتٍ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ وَ الْعِلَّةُ فِيهِ أَنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَا يَدْخُلُونَ ذَلِكَ الْبَيْتَ
Nor (excrete) upon middle of the road, and the reason regarding it is, perhaps the people would tread it in darkness of the night; nor (excrete) in a room Salat is prayed in it, and the reason regarding is that the Angels will not be entering that room.
فَهَذِهِ حُدُودُ الِاسْتِنْجَاءِ وَ عِلَلُهَا.
So, these are limits of the cleansing and their reasons’’.[317]
54 فَلَاحُ السَّائِلِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُوسَى التَّلَّعُكْبَرِيِّ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ شَيْبَانَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الْبَطَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِذَا دَخَلْتَ إِلَى الْمَخْرَجِ وَ أَنْتَ تُرِيدُ الْغَائِطَ فَقُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الْخَبِيثِ الْمُخْبِثِ الرِّجْسِ النِّجْسِ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ.
(The book) ‘Falah Al Saail’ – by his chain, from Haroun Bin Musa Al Tal’albury, may Allah-azwj be Satisfied with them, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed, from Yahya Bin Zakariya Bin Shayban, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Abu Hamza Al Batainy, from his father, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When you enter to the toilet and you intend the defecation, then say, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj, and by Allah-azwj! I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the wickedness of the wicked, the uncleanness of the unclean, the pelted Satan-la. Surely, Allah-azwj is the Hearing, the Knowing’’.[318]
55 جُنَّةُ الْأَمَانِ، رَأَيْتُ فِي بَعْضِ كُتُبِ أَصْحَابِنَا أَنَّ رَجُلًا جَاءَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ شَكَا إِلَيْهِ الشِّدَّةَ وَ الْعُسْرَ وَ الْحُزْنَ فِي جَمِيعِ الْأَحْوَالِ وَ كَثْرَةَ الْهُمُومِ وَ تَعَسُّرَ الرِّزْقِ فَقَالَ ص لَعَلَّكَ تَسْتَعْمِلُ مِيرَاثَ الْهُمُومِ
(The book) ‘Junnat Al Amaan’ –
I saw in one of the books of our companions, ‘A man came to the Prophet-saww and complained to him-saww of the adversity and the poverty, and the grief in entirety of the situations, and a lot of worries, and scarcity of sustenance. He-saww said: ‘Perhaps you are utilising inheritance of the worries’.
فَقَالَ وَ مَا مِيرَاثُ الْهُمُومِ
He said, ‘And what is the inheritance of worries?’
قَالَ لَعَلَّكَ تَتَعَمَّمُ مِنْ قُعُودٍ أَوْ تَتَسَرْوَلُ مِنْ قِيَامٍ أَوْ تَقْلِمُ أَظْفَارَكَ بِسِنِّكَ أَوْ تَمْسَحُ وَجْهَكَ بِذَيْلِكَ أَوْ تَبُولُ فِي مَاءٍ رَاكِدٍ أَوْ تَنَامُ مُنْبَطِحاً عَلَى وَجْهِكَ الْخَبَرَ.
He-saww said: ‘Perhaps you are wearing turban while sitting, or trouser while standing, and you are clipping your nails with your teeth, or you are wiping your face with your tail (clothes), or urinating in still water, or sleeping prone upon your face’ – the Hadeeth’’.[319]
56 مَجْمُوعُ الدَّعَوَاتِ، لِابْنِ التَّلَّعُكْبَرِيِّ فِي حَدِيثٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع فِي نَقْشِ الْحَدِيدِ الصِّينِيِّ قَالَ وَ احْذَرْ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ النَّجَاسَةِ وَ الزُّهُومَةِ وَ دُخُولِ الْحَمَّامِ وَ الْخَلَاءِ الْخَبَرَ.
(The book) ‘Majmou Al Dawaat’ of Ibn Al Talukbari,
‘In a Hadeeth from Al-Sadiq-asws regarding engraving the Chinese iron (ring). He-asws said: ‘And be careful upon it from the impurities and the smell, and entering the bathhouse, and the toilet’ – the Hadeeth’’.[320]
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 1 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 2 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 3 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 4 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 5 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 6 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 7 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 8 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 9 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 1 a (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 1 b (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 1 c (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 2 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 3 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 4 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 1 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[17] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 2 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 3 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[19] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 4 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[20] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 5 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[21] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 6 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 7 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 8 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 9 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 10 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 11 a (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 11 b (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 11 c (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 12 a (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 12 b (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 13 a (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 13 b (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 13 c (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[34] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 13 d (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 13 e (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[36] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 13 f (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[37] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 13 g (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[38] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 14 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[39] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 1 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[40] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 2 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[41] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 3 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[42] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 4 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[43] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 5 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[44] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 6 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[45] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 7 a (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[46] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 7 b (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[47] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 8 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[48] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 1 a (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[49] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 1 b (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 1 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 2 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 3 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 4 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 5 a (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 5 b (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 5 c (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 5 d (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 6 a (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 6 b (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 6 c (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 1 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 2 (Chapters on water and its rulings)
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 6 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[69] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 6 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[70] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 6 c (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[71] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 7 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[72] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 8 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[73] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 9 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[74] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 10 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[75] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 11 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[76] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 12 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[77] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 13 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[78] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 14 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[79] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 15 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[80] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 16 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[81] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 17 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 18 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[83] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 19 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 20 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[86] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[87] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[88] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[89] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[90] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 6 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[91] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 7 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[92] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 7 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[93] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 8 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[94] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 9 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[95] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 10 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[96] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 11 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[97] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 12 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[98] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 13 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[99] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 14 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[100] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 15 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[101] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 16 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[102] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[103] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[104] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[105] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[106] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[107] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[108] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[109] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[110] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[111] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[112] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[113] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[114] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[115] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 5 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[116] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 5 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its rulings)
[117] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[118] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[119] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[120] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 4 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[121] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 4 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[122] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[123] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 6 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[124] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 7 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[125] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 7 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[126] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 8 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[127] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 8 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[128] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 8 c (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[129] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 8 d (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[130] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 8 e (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[131] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 8 f (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[132] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[133] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[134] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[135] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[136] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 1 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[137] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 1 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[138] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[139] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[140] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[141] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 5 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[142] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 5 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[143] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 6 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[144] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 7 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[145] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 8 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[146] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 3 H 9 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[147] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[148] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[149] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[150] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[151] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[152] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 6 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[153] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 7 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[154] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 4 H 8 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[155] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[156] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[157] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[158] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[159] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[160] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 6 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[161] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 7 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[162] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 8 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[163] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 9 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[164] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 10 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[165] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 11 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[166] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 12 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[167] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 12 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[168] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 5 H 12 c (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[169] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[170] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[171] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[172] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[173] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[174] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 6 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[175] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 7 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[176] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 8 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[177] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 9 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[178] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 10 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[179] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 11 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[180] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 12 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[181] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 13 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[182] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 14 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[183] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 14 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[184] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 6 H 15 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[185] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[186] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[187] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[188] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 4 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[189] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 4 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[190] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 4 c (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[191] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[192] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 6 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[193] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 7 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[194] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 8 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[195] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 9 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[196] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 7 H 10 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[197] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[198] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[199] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[200] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[201] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 5 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[202] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 5 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[203] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 1 a (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[204] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 1 b (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[205] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[206] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[207] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[208] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[209] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[210] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[211] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[212] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[213] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[214] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[215] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[216] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[217] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[218] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[219] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 6 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[220] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 7 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[221] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 8 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[222] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[223] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[224] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[225] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[226] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[227] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 6 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[228] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 7 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[229] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 8 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[230] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 9 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[231] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 10 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[232] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 11 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[233] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 12 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[234] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 13 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[235] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 14 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[236] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 15 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[237] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 16 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[238] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 17 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[239] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 18 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[240] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 13 H 1 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[241] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 13 H 2 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[242] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 13 H 3 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[243] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 13 H 4 (Chapters on uncleanness and its purifiers)
[244] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 1 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[245] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 2 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[246] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 3 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[247] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 4 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[248] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 5 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[249] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 1 H 6 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[250] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 1 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[251] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 2 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[252] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 3 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[253] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 4 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[254] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 5 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[255] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 6 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[256] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 7 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[257] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 8 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[258] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 9 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[259] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 10 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[260] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 11 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[261] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 12 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[262] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 13 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[263] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 14 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[264] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 15 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[265] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 16 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[266] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 17 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[267] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 18 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[268] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 19 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[269] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 20 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[270] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 21 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[271] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 22 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[272] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 23 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[273] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 24 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[274] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 25 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[275] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 26 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[276] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 27 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[277] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 28 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[278] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 29 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[279] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 30 a (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[280] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 30 b (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[281] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 31 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[282] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 32 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[283] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 33 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[284] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 34 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[285] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 35 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[286] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 36 a (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[287] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 36 b (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[288] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 37 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[289] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 38 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[290] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 39 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[291] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 40 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[292] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 41 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[293] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 42 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[294] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 43 a (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[295] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 43 b (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[296] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 44 a (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[297] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 44 b (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[298] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 44 c (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[299] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 44 d (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[300] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 45 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[301] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 46 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[302] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 47 a (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[303] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 47 b (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[304] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 47 c (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[305] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 48 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[306] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 49 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[307] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 50 a (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[308] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 50 b (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[309] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 50 c (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[310] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 50 d (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[311] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 51 a (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[312] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 51 b (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[313] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 51 c (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[314] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 51 d (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[315] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 51 e (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[316] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 52 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[317] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 53 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[318] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 54 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[319] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 55 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)
[320] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 77 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 2 H 56 (Chapters on etiquettes of toilet)