Volume 78
Part 3 out of 3
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
باب 8 وجوب غسل الميت و علله و آدابه و أحكامه
CHAPTER 8 – OBLIGATION OF WASHING THE DECEASED, AND ITS REASON, AND ITS ETIQUETTES, AND ITS RULINGS
1- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ وَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبْدُوسٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمَخْلُوقَ لَا يَمُوتُ حَتَّى تَخْرُجَ مِنْهُ النُّطْفَةُ الَّتِي خَلَقَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْهَا مِنْ فِيهِ أَوْ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya Al Ashary, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman who said, and it is narrated to us by Abdul Wahid Bin Muhammad Bin Ubdous Al Neysapuri, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Quteyba, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazzal, from Haroun Bin Hamza, from one of our companions,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘The created beings do not die until the (original) seed comes out, which Allah-azwj Might and Majestic had Created him from, either from his mouth or elsewhere’’.[1]
2- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَخْلَدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقَزْوِينِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع عَنْ غُسْلِ الْمَيِّتِ لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ يُغَسَّلُ وَ لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ يَغْتَسِلُ الْغَاسِلُ
And from him, from Ali Bin Hatim, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Ibrahim Bin Makhlad, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Bashir, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abdullah Al Qazwiny who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws about washing the deceased, ‘For which reason is he washed, and for which reason does the washer have to wash?’
قَالَ يُغَسَّلُ الْمَيِّتُ لِأَنَّهُ جُنُبٌ وَ لِتَلَاقِيهِ الْمَلَائِكَةَ وَ هُوَ طَاهِرٌ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْغَاسِلُ لِتَلَاقِيهِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.
He-asws said: ‘The deceased is washed because he is with sexual impurity, and for his meeting the Angels and he should be clean, and like that the washer for his meeting the Momineen’’.[2]
3- وَ مِنْهُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ مَا بَالُ الْمَيِّتِ يُغَسَّلُ
And from him, by his chain, from Muhammad Bin Umar Bin Abu Umeyr, from Muhammad Bin Ammar Al Basry, from Abbad Bin Suheyb,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having been asked, ‘What is the matter the deceased is washed?’
قَالَ النُّطْفَةُ الَّتِي خُلِقَ مِنْهَا يَرْمِي بِهَا.
He-asws said: ‘The seed which he had been Created from, is thrown out at (death)’’.[3]
4- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ لِمَ يُغَسَّلُ غُسْلَ الْجَنَابَةِ
And from him, from Al-Husayn Bin Ahmad, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Nasr, from Abdul Rahman Bin Hammad who said,
‘I asked Abu Ibrahim-as about the deceased, ‘Why is he (deceased) washed, and washing of the sexual impurity?’
قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَعْلَى وَ أَخْلَصُ مِنْ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ الْأَشْيَاءَ بِيَدِهِ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى مَلَكَيْنِ خَلَّاقَيْنِ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ خَلْقاً أَمَرَ أُولَئِكَ الْخَلَّاقِينَ فَأَخَذُوا مِنَ التُّرْبَةِ الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ- مِنْها خَلَقْناكُمْ وَ فِيها نُعِيدُكُمْ وَ مِنْها نُخْرِجُكُمْ تارَةً أُخْرى فَعَجَنُوهَا بِالنُّطْفَةِ الْمُسَكَّنَةِ فِي الرَّحِمِ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted is more Exalted and Purer than to Send the things by His-azwj Hand. For Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted there are two creating Angels. When He-azwj Wants to Created a creature, He-azwj Commands those creating Angels, so they take from the soil which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said in His-azwj Book: From it We Created you and into it We will Return you, and from it We will Extract you once again [20:55]. They knead it with the sperm which is already settled in the womb.
فَإِذَا عُجِنَتِ النُّطْفَةُ بِالتُّرْبَةِ قَالا يَا رَبِّ مَا تَخْلُقُ
When the seed has been kneaded with the soil, they said, ‘O Lord-azwj! What are You-azwj Creating?’’
قَالَ فَيُوحِي اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى مَا يُرِيدُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ذَكَراً أَوْ أُنْثَى مُؤْمِناً أَوْ كَافِراً أَسْوَدَ أَوْ أَبْيَضَ شَقِيّاً أَوْ سَعِيداً فَإِنْ مَاتَ سَالَتْ مِنْهُ تِلْكَ النُّطْفَةُ بِعَيْنِهَا لَا غَيْرُهَا فَمِنْ ثَمَّ صَارَ الْمَيِّتُ يُغَسَّلُ غُسْلَ الْجَنَابَةِ.
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Reveals what He-azwj Wants from that, male or female, Momin or Kafir, black or white, wretched or fortunate. If he dies, that very seed flows out from him, not another. From them the deceased becomes being washed for the sexual impurity’’.[4]
5- ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، وَ مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ أَبِي مَسْرُوقٍ النَّهْدِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ غَالِبٍ عَنْ سَعْدٍ الْإِسْكَافِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: أَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ غَسَّلَ مُؤْمِناً فَقَالَ إِذَا قَلَّبَهُ اللَّهُمَّ هَذَا بَدَنُ عَبْدِكَ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ قَدْ أَخْرَجْتَ رُوحَهُ مِنْهُ وَ فَرَّقْتَ بَيْنَهُمَا فَعَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ ذُنُوبَ سَنَةٍ إِلَّا الْكَبَائِرَ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’, and ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Al Haysam Bin Abu Masrouq Al Nahdy, from Al-Hassan Bin Mehaboub, from Abdullah Bin Ghalib, from Sa’ad Al Iskaf,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Whichever Momin washes a Momin, so he says when he turns him, ‘O Allah-azwj! This is a body of Your-azwj Momin servant, and his soul has come out from him, and there has been a separation between the two, so Your-azwj Pardon! Your-azwj Pardon!’ Allah-azwj will Forgive for him the sins of a year except the major sins’’.[5]
6- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ زِيَادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْهَمَدَانِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ غَسَّلَ مَيِّتاً مُؤْمِناً فَأَدَّى فِيهِ الْأَمَانَةَ غُفِرَ لَهُ
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ismail Bin Marrar, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘One who washes a dead body of a Momin, so he fulfils the entrustment regarding him, (his sins) would be Forgiven for’.
قِيلَ وَ كَيْفَ يُؤَدِّي فِيهِ الْأَمَانَةَ
It was said, ‘And how can he fulfil the entrustment regarding him?’
قَالَ لَا يُخْبِرُ بِمَا يَرَى.
He-asws said: ‘he does tell what he has seen’’.[6]
7- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ يُغْسَّلُ فِي الْفَضَاءِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ سَتَرْتَهُ فَهُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnad’ – from Abdullah Bin Al-Hassan, from his grandfather,
‘Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the deceased being washed in the open ground. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem, and if you were to cover him, it would be more beloved to me-asws’’.[7]
8- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، قَالَ ع وَ غُسْلُ الْمَيِّتِ مِثْلُ غُسْلِ الْحَيِّ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ إِلَّا أَنَّ غُسْلَ الْحَيِّ مَرَّةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ بِتِلْكَ الصِّفَاتِ وَ غُسْلَ الْمَيِّتِ ثَلَاثُ مَرَّاتٍ عَلَى تِلْكَ الصِّفَاتِ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – He-asws said: ‘And washing the deceased is like washing of the living from the sexual impurity, except that the living washes one time with that description, and the deceased is washed three times upon that description.
تَبْتَدِئُ بِغَسْلِ الْيَدَيْنِ إِلَى نِصْفِ الْمِرْفَقَيْنِ ثَلَاثاً ثَلَاثاً ثُمَّ الْفَرْجِ ثَلَاثاً ثُمَّ الرَّأْسِ ثَلَاثاً ثُمَّ الْجَانِبِ الْأَيْمَنِ ثَلَاثاً ثُمَّ الْجَانِبِ الْأَيْسَرِ ثَلَاثاً بِالْمَاءِ وَ السِّدْرِ ثُمَّ تُغَسِّلُهُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى بِالْمَاءِ وَ الْكَافُورِ عَلَى هَذِهِ الصِّفَةِ ثُمَّ بِالْمَاءِ الْقَرَاحِ مَرَّةً ثَالِثَةً فَيَكُونُ الْغُسْلُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ
You should begin with washing the hands up to half the elbows, thrice, thrice, then the private parts, thrice, then the head thrice, then the right side thrice, then the left side thrice, with the water, and the lotus (water), then wash him another time with the water and camphor, upon this description, then with the pure water three times.
كُلُّ مَرَّةٍ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ صَبَّةً وَ لَا تَقْطَعِ الْمَاءَ إِذَا ابْتَدَأْتَ بِالْجَانِبَيْنِ مِنَ الرَّأْسِ إِلَى الْقَدَمَيْنِ فَإِنْ كَانَ الْإِنَاءُ يَكْبُرُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَ كَانَ الْمَاءُ قَلِيلًا صَبَبْتَ فِي الْأَوَّلِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً عَلَى الْيَدَيْنِ وَ مَرَّةً عَلَى الْفَرْجِ وَ مَرَّةً عَلَى الرَّأْسِ وَ مَرَّةً عَلَى الْجَنْبِ الْأَيْمَنِ وَ مَرَّةً عَلَى الْجَنْبِ الْأَيْسَرِ بِإِفَاضَةٍ لَا يُقْطَعُ الْمَاءُ مِنْ أَوَّلِ الْجَانِبَيْنِ إِلَى الْقَدَمَيْنِ
Thus, the washing would be three times, each times fifteen pourings, and do not cut the water when you have begun with the two sides, from the head to the feet. If the utensil were to be larger than that, and the water was little, it will be poured during the first time once upon the hands, and once upon the private parts, and once upon the head, and once upon the right side, and once upon the left side, with being elaborate, not cutting the water from the first of the two sides to the feet.
ثُمَّ عَمِلْتَ ذَلِكَ فِي سَائِرِ الْغُسْلِ فَيَكُونُ غَسْلُ كُلِّ عُضْوٍ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً عَلَى مَا وَصَفْنَاهُ وَ يَكُونُ الْغَاسِلُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ خِرْقَةً وَ يُغَسَّلُ الْمَيِّتُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ ثَوْبٍ أَوْ يَسْتُرُ عَوْرَتَهُ بِخِرْقَةٍ.
Then do that in rest of the washing, so the washing of every body part would be one time based upon what we-asws have described, and the washer should have a rag upon his hand, and he should wash the deceased from behind a cloth, then cover his private parts with a rag’’.[8]
9 – وَ قَالَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ ثُمَّ ضَعْهُ عَلَى مُغْتَسَلِهِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَنْزِعَ قَمِيصَهُ أَوْ تَضَعَ عَلَى فَرْجِهِ خِرْقَةً وَ لَيِّنْ مَفَاصِلَهُ ثُمَّ تُقْعِدُهُ فَتَغْمِزُ بَطْنَهُ غَمْزاً رَفِيقاً وَ تَقُولُ وَ أَنْتَ تَمْسَحُهُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي سَلَكْتُ حُبَّ مُحَمَّدٍ ص فِي بَطْنِهِ فَاسْلُكْ بِهِ سَبِيلَ رَحْمَتِكَ وَ يَكُونُ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ
And in another place – ‘Then place him (deceased) upon his washing table from before removing his shirt, or (else) place a rag upon his private parts, and soften his joints. Then sit him up and squeeze his belly with a gentle squeezing and saying while you are wiping him, ‘O Allah-azwj! I have conducted the love of Muhammad-saww in his belly, so Make him travel the way of Your-azwj Mercy’, and he should be facing the Qiblah.
وَ يُغَسِّلُهُ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ أَوْ مَنْ يَأْمُرُهُ الْوَلِيُّ بِذَلِكَ وَ تَجْعَلُ بَاطِنَ رِجْلَيْهِ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ وَ هُوَ عَلَى الْمُغْتَسَلِ وَ تَنْزِعُ قَمِيصَهُ مِنْ تَحْتِهِ أَوْ تَتْرُكُهُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَى أَنْ تَفْرُغَ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ لِتَسْتُرَ بِهِ عَوْرَتَهُ
And he should wash, the foremost of the people with him, or one the guardian instructs him with that, and make the soles of his feet to be towards the Qiblah, and he is upon the washing table, and remove his shirt from under him, or leave it upon him until you are free from washing him, in order to conceal his private parts.
وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ الْقَمِيصُ أَلْقَيْتَ عَلَى عَوْرَتِهِ شَيْئاً مِمَّا تَسْتُرُ بِهِ عَوْرَتَهُ وَ تُلَيِّنُ أَصَابِعَهُ وَ مَفَاصِلَهُ مَا قَدَرْتَ بِالرِّفْقِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ يَصْعُبُ عَلَيْكَ فَدَعْهَا
And if there does not happen to be any shirt upon him, cast something upon his private parts from what his private parts can be concealed with, and soften his fingers and his joints whatever you are able to with the gentleness, and if it were to be difficult upon you, then leave it.
وَ تَبْدَأُ بِغَسْلِ كَفَّيْهِ ثُمَّ تُطَهِّرُ مَا خَرَجَ مِنْ بَطْنِهِ وَ يَلُفُّ غَاسِلُهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ خِرْقَةً وَ يَصُبُّ غَيْرُهُ الْمَاءَ مِنْ فَوْقِ سُرَّتِهِ ثُمَّ تُضْجِعُهُ وَ يَكُونُ غُسْلُهُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ ثَوْبِهِ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ ذَلِكَ وَ تُدْخِلُ يَدَكَ تَحْتَ الثَّوْبِ وَ تَغْسِلُ قُبُلَهُ وَ دُبُرَهُ بِثَلَاثِ حُمَيْدِيَّاتٍ وَ لَا تَقْطَعِ الْمَاءَ عَنْهُ
And you should begin with washing his palms, then clean what comes out from his belly, and his washer should wrap a rag upon his hands and his other should pour the water from above his navel. Then lie him down, and his washing should be from behind his clothes if you are capable of that, and insert your hand beneath the cloth, and wash his front and his backside with three large flasks, and do not cut off the water from him.
ثُمَّ تَغْسِلُ رَأْسَهُ وَ لِحْيَتَهُ بِرَغْوَةِ السِّدْرِ وَ تُتْبِعُهُ بِثَلَاثِ حُمَيْدِيَّاتٍ وَ لَا تُقْعِدُهُ إِنْ صَعُبَ عَلَيْكَ ثُمَّ اقْلِبْهُ عَلَى جَنْبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ لِيَبْدُوَ لَكَ الْأَيْمَنُ وَ مُدَّ يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى عَلَى جَنْبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ إِلَى حَيْثُ يَبْلُغُ ثُمَّ اغْسِلْهُ بِثَلَاثِ حُمَيْدِيَّاتٍ مِنْ قَرْنِهِ إِلَى قَدَمِهِ فَإِذَا بَلَغْتَ وَرِكَهُ فَأَكْثِرْ مِنْ صَبِّ الْمَاءِ وَ إِيَّاكَ أَنْ تَتْرُكَهُ
Then wash his head and his beard with lotus foam, and follow it with three flasks, and do not sit his up if it is difficult upon you. The turn him upon the left side for the right side to be revealed to you, and extend his right hand upon his right side to when it reaches, then wash it with three flasks, from his head to his feed. When you reach his things, then frequent from pouring the water, and beware of neglecting it.
ثُمَّ اقْلِبْهُ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ لِيَبْدُوَ لَكَ الْأَيْسَرُ وَ ضَعْ بِيَدِكَ الْيُسْرَى عَلَى جَنْبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ وَ اغْسِلْهُ بِثَلَاثِ حُمَيْدِيَّاتٍ مِنْ قَرْنِهِ إِلَى قَدَمِهِ وَ لَا تَقْطَعِ الْمَاءَ عَنْهُ
Then turn him to the right side of the left side to be revealed to you, and place your (his) left hand upon his left side and wash it with three flasks, from his head to his feed, and do not cut the water from him.
ثُمَّ اقْلِبْهُ إِلَى ظَهْرِهِ وَ امْسَحْ بَطْنَهُ مَسْحاً رَفِيقاً وَ اغْسِلْهُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى بِمَاءٍ وَ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْكَافُورِ وَ اطْرَحْ فِيهِ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْحَنُوطِ مِثْلَ غُسْلِهِ الْأَوَّلِ ثُمَّ خَضْخِضِ الْأَوَانِيَ الَّتِي فِيهَا الْمَاءُ وَ اغْسِلْهُ الثَّالِثَةَ بِمَاءٍ قَرَاحٍ وَ لَا تَمْسَحْ بَطْنَهُ فِي ثَالِثَةٍ وَ قُلْ وَ أَنْتَ تُغَسِّلُهُ عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ قَالَهَا عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
Then turn him to his back and wipe his belly with a gentle wiping, and wash him once again with water and something from the camphor, and drop something in it from the embalmment like his first washing, then stir the utensils wherein is the water and wash him the third time with clean water, and do not wipe his belly during the third, and say while you are washing him, ‘Your-azwj Pardon! Your-azwj Pardon!’ For the one who says it, Allah-azwj will Pardon him.
وَ عَلَيْكَ بِأَدَاءِ الْأَمَانَةِ فَإِنَّهُ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ مَنْ غَسَّلَ مَيِّتاً مُؤْمِناً فَأَدَّى إِلَيْهِ الْأَمَانَةَ غُفِرَ لَهُ قِيلَ وَ كَيْفَ يُؤَدِّي الْأَمَانَةَ قَالَ لَا يُخْبِرُ بِمَا يَرَى
And upon you is with fulfilling the entrustment, for it has been reported from Abu Abdullah‑asws: ‘The one who washes a deceased, so he fulfils the entrustment to him, (his sins) would be Forgiven for him’. It was said, ‘And how does he fulfil the entrustment?’ He-asws said: ‘He should not inform with what he has seen’.
فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنَ الْغَسْلَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَاغْسِلْ يَدَيْكَ مِنَ الْمِرْفَقَيْنِ إِلَى أَطْرَافِ أَصَابِعِكَ وَ أَلْقِ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْباً يُنْشَفُ بِهِ الْمَاءُ عَنْهُ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْمَاءُ مَا يَنْصَبُّ عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ فِي كَنِيفٍ وَ لَكِنْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِي بَلَالِيعَ لَا يُبَالُ فِيهَا أَوْ فِي حَفِيرَةٍ
When you are free from the third washing, then wash your hands from the elbows to the edges of your fingers, and cast a cloth upon him to drain the water with it from him, and it is not allowed that he enters the water what has poured out from the deceased from his washing into a toiler, but it is allowed to enter into the sewage not being urinate in, or in a pit.
وَ لَا تُقَلِّمَنَّ أَظَافِيرَهُ وَ لَا تَقُصَّ شَارِبَهُ وَ لَا شَيْئاً مِنْ شَعْرِهِ فَإِنْ سَقَطَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ مِنْ جِلْدِهِ فَاجْعَلْهُ مَعَهُ فِي أَكْفَانِهِ وَ لَا تُسْخِنْ لَهُ مَاءً إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مَاءً بَارِداً جِدّاً فَتُوَقِّي الْمَيِّتَ مِمَّا تُوَقِّي مِنْهُ نَفْسَكَ وَ لَا يَكُونُ الْمَاءُ حَارّاً شَدِيداً وَ لْيَكُنْ فَاتِراً
And neither clip his nails nor reduce his moustache, nor anything from his hair. If something form his skin falls off from him, then make it to be with him in his shroud, and do not warm the water for him except if the water happens to be too cold. Save the deceased from what you save yourself from, and the water should not be extremely hot, but lukewarm’.
قَالَ وَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ تُغَسِّلَهُ فِي فَضَاءٍ وَ إِنْ سَتَرْتَ بِشَيْءٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ وَ إِنْ حَضَرَكَ قَوْمٌ مُخَالِفُونَ فَاجْهَدْ أَنْ تُغَسِّلَهُ غُسْلَ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ أَخْفِ عَنْهُمُ الْجَرِيدَةَ فَإِنْ خَرَجَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ بَعْدَ الْغُسْلِ فَلَا تُعِدْ غُسْلَهُ وَ لَكِنِ اغْسِلْ مَا أَصَابَ مِنَ الْكَفَنِ إِلَى أَنْ تَضَعَهُ فِي لَحْدِهِ
He said, ‘And there is no problem in washing him in the open air, and if you were to conceal with something, it would be more beloved to me-asws; and if a group from the non-Shias were to be present, then strive to wash him washing of the Momin, and hide the branch from them. If something comes out from him after the washing, do not repeat his washing, but wash what has hit from the shroud until you place him in his grave.
فَإِنْ خَرَجَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ فِي لَحْدِهِ لَمْ تَغْسِلْ كَفَنَهُ وَ لَكِنْ قَرَضْتَ مِنْ كَفَنِهِ مَا أَصَابَ مِنَ الَّذِي خَرَجَ مِنْهُ وَ مَدَدْتَ أَحَدَ الثَّوْبَيْنِ عَلَى الْآخَرِ
If something comes out from him in his grave, do not wash his shroud, but scrape off from his shroud what had been hit from what which had come out from him, and extend one of the two clothes upon the other.
وَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تُغَسِّلَ مَيِّتاً وَ أَنْتَ جُنُبٌ فَتَوَضَّأْ لِلصَّلَاةِ ثُمَّ اغْسِلْهُ فَإِذَا أَرَدْتَ الْجِمَاعَ بَعْدَ غَسْلِكَ الْمَيِّتَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَغْتَسِلَ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ فَتَوَضَّأْ ثُمَّ جَامِعْ
And when you want to wash a deceased while you are with sexual impurity, then perform Wud’u of the Salat, then wash him. When you want to have intimate relationship after your having washed the deceased from before you have washed from washing him, then perform Wud’u, then have intimate relationship.
وَ إِنْ مَاتَ مَيِّتٌ بَيْنَ رِجَالٍ نَصَارَى وَ نِسْوَةٍ مُسْلِمَاتٍ غَسَّلَهُ الرِّجَالُ النَّصَارَى بَعْدَ مَا يَغْتَسِلُونَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمَيِّتُ امْرَأَةً مُسْلِمَةً بَيْنَ رِجَالٍ مُسْلِمِينَ وَ نِسْوَةٍ نَصْرَانِيَّةٍ اغْتَسَلَتِ النَّصْرَانِيَّةُ وَ غَسَّلَتْهَا
And if a deceases had died between Christian men and Muslim women, the Christian men can wash him after having washed themselves; and if the deceased were to be a Muslim woman between the Muslim men and Christian women, the Christian women should wash themselves and wash her.
وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمَيِّتُ مَجْدُوراً أَوْ مُحْتَرِقاً فَخَشِيتَ إِنْ مَسِسْتَهُ سَقَطَ مِنْ جُلُودِهِ شَيْءٌ فَلَا تَمَسَّهُ وَ لَكِنْ صُبَّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ صَبّاً فَإِنْ سَقَطَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ فَاجْمَعْهُ فِي أَكْفَانِهِ وَ إِذَا كَانَ الْمَيِّتُ مُحْرِماً غَسَّلْتَهُ وَ غَطَّيْتَ وَجْهَهُ وَ عَمِلْتَ بِهِ مَا عُمِلَ بِالْحَلَالِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا يُقَرَّبُ إِلَيْهِ كَافُورٌ.
And if the deceased were to be injured, or burnt, and it is feared that if he is touched something from his skin might fall off, do not touch him, but pour the water upon him with a pouring. If something does fall off from him, then collect it in his shroud; and when the deceased were to be in Ihraam, wash him and cover his face, and deal with him what is dealt with the non-Ihram, except that camphor will not be drawn near to him (the one in Ihraam)’’.[9]
تبيين فِي الْكَافِي وَ التَّهْذِيبِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْجُنُبِ يُغَسِّلُ الْمَيِّتَ أَوْ مَنْ غَسَّلَ مَيِّتاً لَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ أَهْلَهُ ثُمَّ يَغْتَسِلُ فَقَالَ سَوَاءٌ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَ جُنُباً غَسَلَ يَدَهُ وَ تَوَضَّأَ وَ غَسَّلَ الْمَيِّتَ وَ إِنْ غَسَّلَ مَيِّتاً تَوَضَّأَ ثُمَّ أَتَى أَهْلَهُ وَ يُجْزِيهِ غُسْلٌ وَاحِدٌ لَهُمَا.
Clarification (Hadeeth only) – In (the books) ‘Al-Kafi’ and ‘Al-Tahzeeb’, from Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the one with sexual impurity washing the deceased, or one who washes a deceased, for him is that he goes to his wife, then washes. He‑asws said: ‘Same. There is no problem with that. When he were to be with sexual impurity, he should wash his hand and perform Wud’u, and wash the deceased, and if he has washed the deceased, he can perform Wud’u, then go to his wife, and one washing would suffice him for both’’.
10- الْعُيُونُ، وَ الْعِلَلُ، فِي عِلَلِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع عِلَّةُ غُسْلِ الْمَيِّتِ أَنَّهُ يُغَسَّلُ لِيُطَهَّرَ وَ يُنَظَّفَ مِنْ أَدْنَاسِ أَمْرَاضِهِ وَ لَمَّا أَصَابَهُ مِنْ صُنُوفِ عِلَلِهِ لِأَنَّهُ يَلْقَى الْمَلَائِكَةَ وَ يُبَاشِرُ أَهْلَ الْآخِرَةِ فَيُسْتَحَبُّ إِذَا وَرَدَ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَقِيَ أَهْلَ الطَّهَارَةِ وَ يُمَاسُّونَهُ وَ يُمَاسُّهُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ طَاهِراً نَظِيفاً مُوَجَّهاً بِهِ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِيُطْلَبَ وَجْهُهُ وَ لِيُشْفَعَ لَهُ
(The book) ‘Al Uyoun’, and ‘Al Ilal’ – in the ‘Ilal’ of Muhammad Bin Sinan,
‘From Al-Reza-asws: ‘Reason for washing the deceased is that he is being washed for purification and cleansing from the filth of his sickness, and for what had afflicted him from a variety of his illnesses, because he will be meeting the Angels, and hug people of the Hereafter, therefore it is recommended that he should be pure, clean, when he arrives to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and meets the people of cleanliness, and they touch him and he touches them, heading with him to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic in order to seek His-azwj Face, and He-azwj will Intercede for him.
وَ عِلَّةٌ أُخْرَى أَنَّهُ يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ الْمَنِيُّ الَّذِي مِنْهُ خُلِقَ فَيُجْنِبُ فَيَكُونُ غُسْلُهُ لَهُ.
And another reason is that the seed is expelled from him, which he had been Created from, so he becomes with sexual impurity, so his washing would be for it’’.[10]
11- الْمُخْتَلَفُ، نَقْلًا عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عَقِيلٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ تَوَاتَرَتِ الْأَخْبَارُ عَنْهُمْ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع غَسَّلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي قَمِيصِهِ ثَلَاثَ غَسَلَاتٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Mukhtalaf’ – copying from Ibn Abu Aqeel who said,
‘The Ahadeeth are recurrent from them-asws that Ali-asws had washed Rasool-Allah-saww being in his-saww shirt, three washings’’.[11]
12- ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: كَانَ فِيمَا نَاجَى بِهِ مُوسَى رَبَّهُ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ مَا لِمَنْ غَسَّلَ الْمَوْتَى فَقَالَ أَغْسِلُهُ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ كَمَا وَلَدَتْهُ أُمُّهُ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘It was among what Musa-saww whispered with to his Lord‑azwj, he-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! What (Reward) is there for the one who washes the deceased?’ He-azwj Said: “I-azwj shall Wash him from his sins (to be) like what his mother had given birth to him!”’[12]
13- وَ مِنْهُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي خُطْبَةٍ طَوِيلَةٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ غَسَّلَ مَيِّتاً فَأَدَّى فِيهِ الْأَمَانَةَ كَانَ لَهُ بِكُلِّ شَعْرَةٍ مِنْهُ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ وَ رُفِعَ لَهُ مِائَةُ دَرَجَةٍ
And from him, by his chain, from Abu Hureyra (well-known fabricator), from Ibn Abbas,
‘In a lengthy sermon from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘One who washes a deceased, so he fulfils the entrustment regarding him, there would be for him, with every hair from him, (Rewards of) liberating a neck, and one hundred ranks would be raised for him’.
قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ كَيْفَ يُؤَدِّي فِيهِ الْأَمَانَةَ
It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And how does he fulfil the entrustment regarding him?’
قَالَ يَسْتُرُ عَوْرَتَهُ وَ يَسْتُرُ شَيْنَهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَسْتُرْ عَوْرَتَهُ وَ يَسْتُرْ شَيْنَهُ حَبِطَ أَجْرُهُ وَ كُشِفَتْ عَوْرَتُهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ.
He-saww said: ‘He conceals his (deceased’s) nakedness, and conceals his affair, and if he does not conceal his nakedness, and (does not) conceal his affairs, his Rewards are nullified, and his own nakedness (defects) will be uncovered in the world and the Hereafter’’.[13]
14- الْمُعْتَبَرُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ شَرْحِ الرِّسَالَةِ لِلسَّيِّدِ الْمُرْتَضَى أَنَّهُ رَوَى فِيهِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع النَّهْيَ عَنْ تَغْسِيلِ الْمُسْلِمِ قَرَابَتَهُ الذِّمِّيَّ وَ الْمُشْرِكَ وَ أَنْ يُكَفِّنَهُ وَ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَلُوذَ بِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al-Mo’tabar’, copying from ‘Sharh Al Risalat’ of the Seyyid Al Murtaza, he reported in it from Yahya Bin Ammar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘there is prohibition from the Muslim washing his Zimmy relative, and the Polytheist, and from enshrouding him, and praying Salat upon him, and seeking shelter with him’’.[14]
15- الْإِحْتِجَاجُ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ قَالَ لِلْحُسَيْنِ هَلْ بَلَغَكَ مَا صَنَعْنَا بِحُجْرِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ شِيعَةِ أَبِيكَ
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – from Salih Bin Kaysan,
‘Muawiya said to Al-Husayn-asws, ‘Has it reached you what we have done with Hujr Bin Adayy‑ra and his-ra companions, Shias of your-asws father-asws?’
فَقَالَ ع وَ مَا صَنَعْتَ بِهِمْ
He-asws said: ‘And what have you done with them?’
قَالَ قَتَلْنَاهُمْ وَ كَفَّنَّاهُمْ وَ صَلَّيْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فَضَحِكَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع
He said, ‘We killed them, and enshrouded them, and prayed Salat upon them’.
فَقَالَ خَصَمَكَ الْقَوْمُ يَا مُعَاوِيَةُ لَكِنَّا لَوْ قَتَلْنَا شِيعَتَكَ لَمَا كَفَّنَّاهُمْ وَ لَا غَسَّلْنَاهُمْ وَ لَا صَلَّيْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لَا دَفَنَّاهُمْ.
Al-Husayn-asws smiled. He-asws said: ‘The people will contend you, O Muawiya! But, had we killed your loyalists, we would neither have enshrouded them, nor washed them, not prayed Salat upon them, nor buried them’’.[15]
16- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أحمد بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ مُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَنْ غَسَّلَ فَاطِمَةَ ع
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Abu Nasr, from Abdul Rahman Bin Salim, from Mufazzal Bin Umar who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Who washed (Syeda) Fatima-asws?’
قَالَ ذَاكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع
He-asws said: ‘That was Amir Al-Momineen-asws’.
فَكَأَنَّمَا اسْتَفْظَعْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ فَقَالَ لِي كَأَنَّكَ ضِقْتَ بِمَا أَخْبَرْتُكَ
It was as if I was alarmed from that word of his-asws. He-asws said to me: ‘It is as if you are constricted with what I-asws have informed you’.
I said, ‘That did happen, may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
فَقُلْتُ قَدْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَقَالَ لَا تَضِيقَنَّ فَإِنَّهَا صِدِّيقَةٌ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُغَسِّلُهَا إِلَّا صِدِّيقٌ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ مَرْيَمَ لَمْ يُغَسِّلْهَا إِلَّا عِيسَى ع الْحَدِيثَ.
He-asws said: ‘Do not be constricted, for she-asws is a truthful. No one was going to wash her-asws except a truthful one. Don’t you know that Maryam-as was not washed except by Isa-as?’ – the Hadeeth’’.[16]
17- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ ظَرِيفٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع غَسَّلَ امْرَأَتَهُ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – from Al-Husayn Bin Zareyf, from Al-Husayn Bin Ulwan,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Ali-asws washed his-asws wife-asws, (Syeda) Fatima-asws, daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww’’.[17]
18- كَشْفُ الْغُمَّةِ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ أَخْبَارِ فَاطِمَةَ لِابْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً غَسَّلَ فَاطِمَةَ ع.
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ –
Copying from the book ‘Akhbar Fatima-asws’ of Ibn Babuwayh, from Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws: ‘Ali-asws washed (Syeda) Fatima-asws’’.[18]
وَ عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ عُمَيْسٍ قَالَتْ أَوْصَتْنِي فَاطِمَةُ أَنْ لَا يُغَسِّلَهَا إِلَّا أَنَا وَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَغَسَّلْتُهَا أَنَا وَ عَلِيٌ.
And from Asma Bint Umeys who said,
‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws bequeathed to me that no one should wash her except I and Ali-asws, so I and Ali-asws washed her-asws’’.[19]
وَ عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ فِي حَدِيثٍ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع أَمَرَهَا فَغَسَّلَتْ فَاطِمَةَ ع وَ أَمَرَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ يُدْخِلَانِ الْمَاءَ وَ دَفَنَهَا لَيْلًا وَ سَوَّى قَبْرَهَا.
And from Asma in a Hadeeth that Ali-asws instructed her, so she washed (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and instructed Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws were both fetching the water, and buried her‑asws night and evened her-asws grave’’.[20]
قَالَ وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهَا أَوْصَتْ عَلِيّاً وَ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتَ عُمَيْسٍ أَنْ يُغَسِّلَاهَا.
He said, ‘And it is reported that she-asws bequeathed Ali-asws and Asma Bint Umeys that they should wash her-asws’’.[21]
19- فَلَاحُ السَّائِلِ، وَ قَدْ رَوَيْنَا بِإِسْنَادِنَا إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ فِيمَا ذَكَرَهُ فِي كِتَابِ مَدِينَةِ الْعِلْمِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: مَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ يُغَسِّلُ مَيِّتاً مُؤْمِناً فَيَقُولُ وَ هُوَ يُغَسِّلُهُ رَبِّ عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ إِلَّا عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْهُ.
(The book) ‘Falah Al Sa’ail’ – And we are reporting with our chain to Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Babuwayh among what he mentioned in the book ‘Madinat Al Ilm’, by his chain to,
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘There is none from a Momin washing a deceased Momin, so he says while he is washing him, ‘Your-azwj Pardon! Your-azwj Pardon!’, except Allah-azwj will Forgive him’’.[22]
I found in the handwriting of the sheykh Muhammad Bin Ali Al-Jufy, copying from the handwriting of Al Shaheed, may Allah-azwj Sanctify both their souls, said,
‘When Ali-asws had washed ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws, may the Salawaat be upon them-asws, Ibn Abbas said to him-asws, ‘Did you-asws wash Fatima-asws?’
20- وَجَدْتُ بِخَطِّ الشَّيْخِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْجُعْفِيِّ نَقْلًا مِنْ خَطِّ الشَّهِيدِ قَدَّسَ اللَّهُ رُوحَهُمَا قَالَ: لَمَّا غَسَّلَ عَلِيٌّ فَاطِمَةَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا قَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَ غَسَّلْتَ فَاطِمَةَ قَالَ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَ النَّبِيِّ ص هِيَ زَوْجَتُكَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ.
He-asws said: ‘Have you not heard words of the Prophet-saww: ‘She-asws is your-asws wife in the world and the Hereafter’?’’
21- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، قَالَ ع إِذَا مَاتَ الْمَيِّتُ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهَا ذُو مَحْرَمٍ وَ لَا نِسَاءٌ تُدْفَنُ كَمَا هِيَ فِي ثِيَابِهَا وَ إِذَا مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ ذَاتُ مَحْرَمٍ وَ لَا رِجَالٌ يُدْفَنُ كَمَا هُوَ فِي ثِيَابِهِ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – He-asws said: ‘When the dying (woman) dies at there isn’t with her one with sanctimony nor any women to bury (her), she should be buried just as she is in her clothes; and when the man dies and there isn’t with him some with sanctimony, nor any men, he should be buried just as he is in his clothes’.
وَ نَرْوِي أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع لَمَّا أَنْ مَاتَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَنْظُرَ إِلَى عَوْرَتِكَ فِي حَيَاتِكَ فَمَا أَنَا بِالَّذِي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا بَعْدَ مَوْتِكَ فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ وَ غَسَّلَ جَسَدَهُ ثُمَّ دَعَا أُمَّ وَلَدٍ لَهُ فَأَدْخَلَتْ يَدَهَا فَغَسَّلَتْ مَرَاقَّهُ وَ كَذَلِكَ فَعَلْتُ أَنَا بِأَبِي
And we are reporting that when Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws was dying, Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘I-asws used to dislike looking at your nakedness during your-asws lifetime, so I-asws am not going to be the one looking at it after your death!’ So he-asws inserted his-asws hand and washed his-asws body, then he-asws called a mother of his children, and she inserted her hands and washed his‑asws private parts, and like that I-asws did with my-asws father-asws’.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَوْصَى إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع لَا يُغَسِّلُنِي غَيْرُكَ
And he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww bequeathed to Ali-asws: ‘No one should wash me-saww apart from you-asws’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ يُنَاوِلُنِي الْمَاءَ وَ إِنَّكَ رَجُلٌ ثَقِيلٌ لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أُقَلِّبَكَ
Ali-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-azwj! Who will give me-asws the water, and you-saww are a heavy man. I-asws am not capable of turning you-saww!’
فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ مَعَكَ يُعَاوِنُكَ وَ يُنَاوِلُكَ الْفَضْلُ الْمَاءَ وَ قُلْ لَهُ فَلْيُغَطِّ عَيْنَيْهِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَرَى أَحَدٌ عَوْرَتِي غَيْرُكَ إِلَّا انْفَقَأَتْ عَيْنَاهُ
He-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as will be with you assisting you-asws and giving you-asws the surplus water, and tell him-as to close his-as eyes, for no one apart from you-asws will look at my-saww nakedness except his eyes will go blind!’
قَالَ كَانَ الْفَضْلُ يُنَاوِلُهُ الْمَاءَ وَ جَبْرَئِيلُ يُعَاوِنُهُ وَ عَلِيٌّ يُغَسِّلُهُ فَلَمَّا أَنْ فَرَغَ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ وَ كَفْنِهِ أَتَاهُ الْعَبَّاسُ فَقَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَدْفِنُوا النَّبِيَّ ص فِي بَقِيعِ الْمُصَلَّى وَ أَنْ يَؤُمَّهُمْ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ
He (Al-Reza-asws) said: ‘Al-Fazl was giving him-asws the water, and Jibraeel-as was assisting him‑asws, and Ali-asws was washing him-saww. When he-asws was free from washing him and enshrouding him, Al-Abbas came to him-asws. He said, ‘O Ali-asws! The people have united upon burying the Prophet-saww in spot of the prayer mat, and a man from them will be leading the Salat’.
فَخَرَجَ عَلِيٌّ إِلَى النَّاسِ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَ مَا تَعْلَمُونَ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص إِمَامُنَا حَيّاً وَ مَيِّتاً وَ هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ ص لَعَنَ مَنْ جَعَلَ الْقُبُورَ مُصَلًّى وَ لَعَنَ مَنْ يَجْعَلُ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهاً وَ لَعَنَ مَنْ كَسَرَ رَبَاعِيَتَهُ وَ شَقَّ لِثَتَهُ
Ali-asws went out to the people. He-asws said: ‘O you people! Are you not knowing that Rasool-Allah-saww is our Imam-saww, alive and dead? And do you know that he-saww has cursed the one who makes the graves to be in the prayer mat? And he-saww cursed the one who make a god to be with Allah-azwj? And he-saww cursed the one who breaks his teeth and splits his gums?’
قَالَ فَقَالُوا الْأَمْرُ إِلَيْكَ فَاصْنَعْ مَا رَأَيْتَ
He (Al-Reza-asws) said: ‘They said, ‘The matter is up to you-asws, so do what you-asws see fit!’
قَالَ وَ إِنِّي أَدْفِنُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْبُقْعَةِ الَّتِي قُبِضَ فِيهَا
He-asws said: ‘And I-asws shall bury Rasool-Allah-azwj in the spot he-saww passed away in’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ عَلَى الْبَابِ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ النَّاسَ عَشَرَةً عَشَرَةً يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُونَ.
Then he-asws stood at the door, and prayed Salat upon him-saww. Then he-asws instructed the people, ten by ten, so be praying Salat upon him-saww, then to be going out’’.[23]
22- الطُّرَفُ، لِلسَّيِّدِ بْنِ طَاوُسٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ الْمُسْتَفَادِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا عَلِيُّ أَ ضَمِنْتَ دَيْنِي تَقْضِيهِ عَنِّي
(The book) ‘Al Turf’ of the seyyid Bin Tawoos – by his chain, from Isa Bin Al Mustafad,
‘From Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Will you-asws take responsibility of my-saww debts and pay them back on my-saww behalf?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ
He-asws said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ فَاشْهَدْ
He-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj, be Witness!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ غَسِّلْنِي وَ لَا يُغَسِّلْنِي غَيْرُكَ فَيَعْمَى بَصَرُهُ
Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Wash me-saww and no one will wash me apart from you-asws, for his eyes would be blinded’.
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ لِمَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص
Ali-asws said: ‘And why, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ كَذَلِكَ
He-saww said: ‘Like that!’
قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَنْ رَبِّي إِنَّهُ لَا يَرَى عَوْرَتِي غَيْرُكَ إِلَّا عَمِيَ بَصَرُهُ
Jibraeel-as said on behalf of my-saww Lord-azwj: ‘No one will look at my-saww nakedness apart from you-asws, except his sight would be blinded’’.
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَكَيْفَ أَقْوَى عَلَيْكَ وَحْدِي
Ali-asws said: ‘How would I-asws be strong enough upon (dealing with) you-saww alone?’
قَالَ يُعِينُكَ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ مِيكَائِيلُ وَ إِسْرَافِيلُ وَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ وَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ صَاحِبُ سَمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا
He-saww said: ‘They will be assisting you-asws, Jibraeel-as, and Mikaeel-as, and Israfeel-as, and the Angel of death, and Ismail (Angel) in charge of sky of the world’.
قُلْتُ فَمَنْ يُنَاوِلُنِي الْمَاءَ
I-asws said: ‘Who will be giving me-asws the water?’
قَالَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَى شَيْءٍ مِنِّي فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ وَ لَا لِغَيْرِهِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ النَّظَرُ إِلَى عَوْرَتِي وَ هِيَ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنْ غُسْلِي فَضَعْنِي عَلَى لَوْحٍ وَ أَفْرِغْ عَلَيَّ مِنْ بِئْرِي بِئْرِ غَرْسٍ أَرْبَعِينَ دَلْواً مُفَتَّحَةَ الْأَفْوَاهِ
He-saww said: ‘Al-Fazl Bin Al-Abbas, from without him looking at anything from me-saww, for it is not Permissible for him, nor for anyone else from the men and the women to look at my‑saww nakedness, and it is forbidden upon them. When you-asws are free from washing me-saww, then place me-saww upon a tablet and pour upon me-saww from my-saww well, the planting well, forty open mouthed buckets’.
قَالَ عِيسَى أَوْ قَالَ أَرْبَعِينَ قِرْبَةً شَكَكْتُ أَنَا فِي ذَلِكَ.
Isa (narrator) said, ‘Or he-saww said: ‘Forty canteens’. I am in doubt regarding that’’.[24]
بيان في القاموس بئر غرس بالمدينة و منه الحديث غرس من عيون الجنة و غسل ص منها.
Explanation – In A- Qamous (lexicon) ‘Planting well’ is at Al Medina, and from it is the Hadeeth of the plant being from the springs of Paradise, and he-saww had washed from it.
23- مِصْبَاحُ الْأَنْوَارِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُولَوَيْهِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ الطَّائِيِّ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ أَبِي يُوسُفَ عَنِ الْأَزْهَرِ بْنِ نَظَّامٍ عَنِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ الْمُسْتَفَادِ مِثْلَهُ وَ قَالَ كَانَ فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ الْمَخْتُومَةِ الَّتِي نَزَلَتْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ يَا عَلِيُّ غَسِّلْنِي وَ لَا يُغَسِّلْنِي غَيْرُكَ
(The book) ‘Misbah Al Anwar’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Ayyash, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Qawlawiya, from Ubeydullah Bin Al Fazeyl Al Taie, and Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Suleyman, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Ahmad Bin Ismail Bin Muhammad Bin Ismail son of Ja’far Al-Sadiq-asws, from Abu Yusuf, from Al Azhar Bin Nazzam, from Abu Al-Hassan Bin Yaqoub, from Isa Bin Al Mustafad,
‘Similar to it, and he-saww said: ‘In the sealed parchment which descended from the sky: ‘O Ali-asws! Wash me-saww, and no one should wash me-saww apart from you-asws!’
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي أَنَا أَقْوَى عَلَى غُسْلِكَ وَحْدِي
He-asws said: ‘I-asws said to Rasool-Allah-saww! May my-asws father-as and my-asws mother-as be (sacrificed) for you-saww! Am I-asws strong upon washing you-saww alone?’
قَالَ بِذَا أَمَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ بِذَلِكَ أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
He-saww said: ‘That is what Jibraeel-as has instructed me-saww with, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Commanded him-as with that’.
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَقْوَ عَلَيْكَ فَأَسْتَعِينُ بِغَيْرِي يَكُونُ مَعِي
He-asws said: ‘I-asws said: ‘Supposing I-asws am not strong upon (dealing with) you-saww, can I-asws seek assistance with another to be with me-asws?’
فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ قُلْ لِعَلِيٍّ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ تُغَسِّلَ ابْنَ عَمِّكَ فَإِنَّمَا السُّنَّةُ أَنْ لَا يُغَسِّلَ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ إِلَّا أَوْصِيَاؤُهُمْ وَ إِنَّمَا يُغَسِّلُ كُلَّ نَبِيٍّ وَصِيُّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ هِيَ مِنْ حُجَجِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمُحَمَّدٍ ص عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فِيمَا قَدِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ قَطِيعَةِ مَا أَمَرَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِهِ
Jibraeel-as said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Say to Ali-asws: ‘Your-asws Lord-azwj is Commanding you-asws to wash the son-saww of your-asws uncle-as, for the Sunnah is that is that the Prophets-as cannot be washed except by their-as successors-as, and rather every Prophet-as has been washed by his-as successor-as from after him-as, and it is from the Proofs of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic for Muhammad-saww upon his-saww community from after him-as, regarding what they have united upon from cutting off what Allah-azwj the Exalted had Commanded them with it’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ اعْلَمْ يَا عَلِيُّ أَنَّ لَكَ عَلَى غُسْلِي أَعْوَاناً هُمْ نِعْمَ الْأَعْوَانُ وَ الْإِخْوَانُ
Then the Prophet-saww said: ‘And know, O Ali-asws! There are assistants for you-asws upon washing me-saww, they are best of the assistants and the brothers’.
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ فَقُلْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي
Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws said to Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘Who? May my-asws father-as and my-asws mother-as be (sacrificed for) you-saww!’
قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ مِيكَائِيلُ وَ إِسْرَافِيلُ وَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ وَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ صَاحِبُ سَمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا أَعْوَاناً لَكَ
He-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as, and Mikaeel-as, and Israfeel-as, and the Angel of death, and Ismail (Angel) in charge of sky of the world, are assistants for you-asws’.
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ فَخَرَرْتُ لِلَّهِ سَاجِداً وَ قُلْتُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ لِي أَعْوَاناً وَ إِخْوَاناً هُمْ أُمَنَاءُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى.
Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws fell down in Sajdah to Allah-azwj, and said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Made for me-asws assistants and brother who are Trustees of Allah-azwj the Exalted’’.[25]
24- مِصْبَاحُ الْأَنْوَارِ، عَنْ مَرْوَانَ الْأَصْفَرِ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حِينَ ثَقُلَتْ فِي مَرَضِهَا أَوْصَتْ عَلِيّاً ع فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي أُوصِيكَ أَنْ لَا يَلِيَ غُسْلِي وَ كَفْنِي سِوَاكَ
(The book) ‘Misbah Al Anwar’ – from Marwan Al Asfar,
‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, when she-asws was (with heavy illness) during her-asws illness, bequeathed to Ali-asws. She-asws said: ‘I-asws bequeath you that no one should be in charge of my-asws washing and my-asws enshrouding apart from you-asws!’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
He-asws said: ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَتْ وَ أُوصِيكَ أَنْ تَدْفِنَنِي وَ لَا تُؤْذِنَ بِي أَحَداً.
She-asws said: ‘And I-asws bequeath you-asws to bury me-asws and not permit anyone with (burying) me-asws’’.[26]
25- الطُّرَفُ، وَ مِصْبَاحُ الْأَنْوَارِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِمَا عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ الْمُسْتَفَادِ عَنِ الْكَاظِمِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع غَسَّلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَنَا وَحْدِي وَ هُوَ فِي قَمِيصِهِ فَذَهَبْتُ أَنْزِعُ عَنْهُ الْقَمِيصَ فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ يَا عَلِيُّ لَا تُجَرِّدْ أَخَاكَ مِنْ قَمِيصِهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يُجَرِّدْهُ وَ تَأَيَّدْ فِي الْغُسْلِ فَأَنَا أَشْرَكُكَ فِي ابْنِ عَمِّكَ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ
(The books) ‘Al Turf’, and ‘Misbah Al Anwaar’ – by their chains from Isa Bin Al Mustafad,
‘From Al-Kazim-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws alone washed Rasool-Allah-saww while he‑saww was in his-saww shirt. I-asws went on to remove the shirt from him-saww. Jibraeel-as said: ‘O Ali-asws! Do not bare your-asws brother-saww from his-saww shirt, from Allah-azwj did not Bare him‑saww, and prepare regarding the washing for I-as shall be your-asws associate regarding the son-saww of your-asws uncle-as by the Command of Allah-azwj’.
فَغَسَّلْتُهُ بِالرَّوْحِ وَ الرَّيْحَانِ وَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ الْكِرَامُ الْأَبْرَارُ الْأَخْيَارُ تُبَشِّرُنِي وَ تُمْسِكُ وَ أُكَلَّمُ سَاعَةً بَعْدَ سَاعَةٍ وَ لَا أَقْلِبُ مِنْهُ عُضْواً بِأَبِي هُوَ وَ أُمِّي إِلَّا انْقَلَبَ لِي قَلْباً إِلَى أَنْ فَرَغْتُ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ وَ كَفَّنْتُهُ وَ وَضَعْتُهُ عَلَى سَرِيرِهِ وَ أَخْرَجْتُهُ كَمَا أُمِرْتُ
So I-asws washed him-saww with the comfort and ease, and the Honourable Angels, the righteous, the selected, were giving me-asws glad tidings and holding (him-saww), and I-asws was conversing (with them) time after time, and I-asws did not turn any part from him-asws, may my‑asws father-as and my-asws mother-as be (sacrificed for) him-saww, except he-saww was turned by a turning for me-asws, until I-asws was free from washing him, and enshrouding him, and placing him-saww upon his-saww bier, and I-asws brought him-saww out like what I-asws had been instructed.
فَاجْتَمَعَتْ لَهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ مَا سَدَّ الْخَافِقَيْنِ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ رَبُّهُ وَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ وَ حَمَلَةُ الْعَرْشِ الْكَرُوبِيُّونَ وَ مَا سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَ أَنْفَذْتُ جَمِيعَ مَا أَمَرَنِي بِهِ ثُمَّ وَارَيْتُهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ ص.
The Angels gathered for him-saww, what blocked the two ends of the earth. His-saww Lord-azwj Sent Salawaat upon him-saww, and (so did) the Angels of Proximity, and Bearers of the Throne, the Cherubim, and whatever glorifies to Allah-azwj, Lord-azwj of the world, and I-asws implemented entirety of what he-saww had instructed me-asws with, and I-asws covered him-saww in his-saww grave’’.[27]
26- الذِّكْرَى، فِي جَامِعِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ إِذَا كَانَتْ بِنْتٌ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ خَمْسٍ أَوْ سِتٍّ دُفِنَتْ وَ لَمْ تُغَسَّلْ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ بِنْتٌ أَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسٍ غُسِّلَتْ
(The book) ‘Al Zikra’, in ‘Jamie’ of Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan,
‘When the daughter (girl) was to be five or six (years old), she should be buried and not washed, and if it was a daughter (girls) of less than five, she would be washed’’.[28] (i.e., when there is no ‘Mahram’ (sanctimonious one) to wash her)
27- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنْ عَلِيٍّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَوْصَاهُ بِأَنْ يَتَوَلَّى غُسْلَهُ فَكَانَ هُوَ الَّذِي وَلِيَهُ ع
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, Rasool-Allah-saww had placed him-asws in charge of his‑saww washing, so he-asws was the one in charge of it.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَخَذْتُ فِي غُسْلِهِ سَمِعْتُ قَائِلًا مِنْ جَانِبِ الْبَيْتِ يَقُولُ لَا تَنْزِعِ الْقَمِيصَ عَنْهُ فَغَسَّلْتُهُ ع فِي قَمِيصِهِ وَ إِنِّي لَأُغَسِّلُهُ وَ أَحُسُّ يَداً مَعَ يَدِي يَتَرَدَّدُ عَلَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘When I-asws took in washing him-saww, I-asws heard a speaker from a side of the room saying: ‘Do not remove the shirt from him-saww!’ So I-asws washed him-saww in his-saww shirt; and when I-asws was washing him-asws, I-asws felt a hand being with my-asws hand hesitating upon him-saww.
وَ إِذَا قَلَبْتُهُ أُعِنْتُ عَلَى تَقْلِيبِهِ وَ لَقَدْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أُكِبَّهُ لِوَجْهِهِ فَأَغْسِلَ ظَهْرَهُ فَنُودِيتُ لَا تَكُبَّهُ فَقَلَّبْتُهُ لِجَنْبِهِ وَ غَسَلْتُ ظَهْرَهُ.
And when I-asws turned him-saww, I-asws was assisted upon turning him-saww; and I-asws had intended to turn him-saww upon his-saww face, so I-asws could wash his-saww back. I-asws was called out at: ‘Do not turn him-saww’. So I-asws turned him-saww to his-saww side and washed his-saww back’’.[29]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا أَوْصَى إِلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ أُغَسِّلَهُ وَ لَا يُغَسِّلَهُ مَعِي أَحَدٌ غَيْرِي قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ رَجُلٌ ثَقِيلُ الْبَدَنِ- لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أَقْلِبَكَ وَحْدِي
And from him-asws having said: ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww bequeathed to me-asws that I-asws should be washing him-saww and no one should wash him-saww with me-asws apart from me-asws, I-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww are a man of heavy body. I-asws alone am not capable of turning you!’
فَقَالَ لِي إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ مَعَكَ يَتَوَلَّانِي
He-saww said to me-asws: ‘Jibraeel-saww will be with you-asws. Both of you-asws would be in charge of me-saww’.
قُلْتُ فَمَنْ يُنَاوِلُنِي الْمَاءَ
I-asws said: ‘Who will be giving me-asws the water?’
قَالَ يُنَاوِلُكَ الْفَضْلُ وَ قُلْ فَلْيُغَطِّ عَيْنَيْهِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَى عَوْرَتِي أَحَدٌ غَيْرُكَ إِلَّا ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ
He-saww said: ‘Al-Fazl will be giving you, and tell him to cover his eyes (with a blindfold), from no one will look at my-saww nakedness apart from you-asws, except his sight would be gone!’
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع فَكَانَ الْفَضْلُ يُنَاوِلُهُ الْمَاءَ وَ قَدْ عَصَّبَ عَيْنَيْهِ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَ جَبْرَئِيلُ يُغَسِّلَانِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘So Al-Fazl was giving him-asws the water, and he had tied (blindfold upon) his eyes, while Ali-asws and Jibraeel-as were washing him-saww, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them all!’
قَالَ وَ غَسَّلَهُ ثَلَاثَ غَسَلَاتٍ غَسْلَةً بِالْمَاءِ وَ الْحُرُضِ وَ السِّدْرِ وَ غَسْلَةً بِمَاءٍ فِيهِ ذَرِيرَةٌ وَ كَافُورٌ وَ غَسْلَةً بِالْمَاءِ مَحْضاً وَ هِيَ آخِرُهُنَ.
He (the narrator) said: ‘And he-asws washed him-saww three washings – with the water, and the ‘soap’, and the lotus leaves, and a washing with water wherein was ‘Zareera’ (powder) and camphor, and a washing with the pure water, and these are at the end’’.[30]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ مُسْلِمٍ غَسَّلَ أَخاً لَهُ مُسْلِماً فَلَمْ يُقَذِّرْهُ وَ لَمْ يَنْظُرْ إِلَى عَوْرَتِهِ وَ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ مِنْهُ سُوءاً ثُمَّ شَيَّعَهُ وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ حَتَّى يُوَارِيَ فِي قَبْرِهِ إِلَّا خَرَجَ عُطُلًا مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ.
And from Ali-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There is none from a Muslim servant washing a Muslim brother of his, he does not make him dirty, and does not look at his private parts, and does not mention any evil from him, then he escorts him (funeral) and prays Salat upon him, then sits until he is covered in his grave, except he will come out permanently from his sins’’.[31]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الْجُنُبُ وَ الْحَائِضُ لَا يُغَسِّلَانِ مَيِّتاً.
And from Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘The one with sexual impurity and the menstruating woman should not wash the deceased’’.[32]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: غَسَّلَ عَلِيٌّ فَاطِمَةَ ع وَ كَانَتْ أَوْصَتْ بِذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِ.
And from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws washed (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and she-asws had bequeathed to him-asws with that’’.[33]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَوْصَتْ إِلَيَّ فَاطِمَةُ أَنْ لَا يُغَسِّلَهَا غَيْرِي وَ سَكَبَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ.
And from Ali-asws having said: ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws had bequeathed to me-asws that no one should wash her-asws apart from me-asws, and Asma Bint Umeys poured the water’’.[34]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ هَلْ يُغَسِّلُهَا زَوْجُهَا قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ وَ لْيُغَسِّلْهَا مِنْ فَوْقِ ثَوْبٍ.
And from Ja’far Bin Muhammad-asws having been asked about the woman, ‘Can her husband wash her?’ He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with that, and let him wash her from above a cloth’’.[35]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: وَ الْمَرْأَةُ تُغَسِّلُ زَوْجَهَا إِذَا مَاتَ وَ لَا تَتَعَمَّدُ النَّظَرَ إِلَى الْفَرْجِ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘And what woman can be washed by her husband when she dies, and he should not deliberate the looking at the private part’’.[36]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَنْظُرَ إِلَى عَوْرَتِكَ فِي حَيَاتِكَ فَمَا أَنَا بِالَّذِي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا بَعْدَ مَوْتِكَ
And from him-asws having said: ‘When Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws passed away, Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘I-asws had disliked looking at your-asws nakedness during your-asws lifetime, and I-asws will not be the one to look at it after your-asws death’.
فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ مِنْ تَحْتِ الثَّوْبِ فَغَسَّلَهُ وَ دَعَا أُمَّ وَلَدِهِ فَأَدْخَلَتْ يَدَهَا مَعَهُ فَغَسَّلَتْهُ
He-asws inserted his-asws hand beneath the cloth and washed him-asws, and he-asws called a mother of his children, so she inserted her hand with him-asws and washed him-asws’.
وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ كَذَلِكَ فَعَلْتُ أَنَا بِأَبِي ع.
And Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And like that I-asws have done with my-asws father-asws’’.[37]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فِي الرَّجُلِ يَمُوتُ بَيْنَ النِّسَاءِ لَا مَحْرَمَ لَهُ مِنْهُنَّ وَ الْمَرْأَةُ كَذَلِكَ تَمُوتُ بَيْنَ الرِّجَالِ فَلَا يُوجَدُ مَنْ يُغَسِّلُهُمَا قَالَ يُدْفَنَانِ بِغَيْرِ غُسْلٍ.
And from him-asws having said regarding the man dying between the women, there being no sanctimonious one from them, and the woman like that, dying between the men, so there cannot be found one who can wash them. He-asws said: ‘They should both be buried without a washing’’.[38]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: الْغَرِيقُ يُغَسَّلُ.
And from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The drowned one will be washed’’.[39]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: مَنْ مَاتَ وَ هُوَ جُنُبٌ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُ غُسْلٌ وَاحِدٌ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْحَائِضُ.
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘One who dies while he is with sexual impurity, one washing will suffice him, and like that is the menstruating woman’’.[40]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: غُسْلُ الْمَيِّتِ ثَلَاثُ غَسَلَاتٍ غَسْلَةٌ بِالْمَاءِ وَ السِّدْرِ وَ غَسْلَةٌ بِالْمَاءِ وَ الْكَافُورِ وَ الثَّالِثَةُ بِالْمَاءِ مَحْضاً وَ كُلُّ غَسْلَةٍ مِنْهَا كَغُسْلِ الْجَنَابَةِ
And from him-asws having said: ‘The deceased should be washed with three washings – a washing with the water and the lotus leaves, and a washing with the water and the camphor, and the third with the pure water, and each of these washing is like washing the sexual impurity.
يَبْدَأُ فَيُوَضِّئُ كَوُضُوءِ الصَّلَاةِ ثُمَّ يُمِرُّ الْمَاءَ عَلَى جَسَدِهِ كُلِّهِ وَ يُقَلِّبُهُ لِجَنْبِهِ وَ لَا يُجْلِسُهُ فَإِنَّهُ إِذَا أَجْلَسَهُ انْدَقَّ ظَهْرُهُ وَ لَكِنْ يُقَلِّبُهُ لِجَنْبَيْهِ وَ يَغْسِلُ ظَهْرَهُ وَ هُوَ كَذَلِكَ وَ يُمِرُّ يَدَيْهِ عَلَى سَائِرِ جَسَدِهِ كَمَا يَفْعَلُ الْجُنُبُ إِذَا اغْتَسَلَ.
He should begin by performing Wud’u like Wud’u of the Salat, then he will pass the water upon his whole body, and turn him to his dies, and do not sit him up, for when he is seated up, his back will break, but he should turn him to his side and wash his back; and like that he should pass his hand upon rest of his body just as the one with sexual impurity does when he washes’’.[41]
وَ قَالَ ع يُجْعَلُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ حِينَ يُغَسَّلُ إِزَارٌ مِنْ سُرَّتِهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتِهِ وَ يُمَرُّ الْمَاءُ مِنْ تَحْتِهِ وَ يَلُفُّ الْغَاسِلُ عَلَى يَدِهِ خِرْقَةً وَ يُدْخِلُهَا مِنْ تَحْتِ الْإِزَارِ فَيَغْسِلُ فَرْجَهُ وَ سَائِرَ عَوْرَتِهِ الَّتِي تَحْتَ الْإِزَارِ.
And he-asws said: ‘A loin cloth should be placed upon the deceased when he is washed, from his navel to his knees, and he should pass the water from beneath it, and the washer should wrap a rag upon his hand and insert it from beneath the loin cloth and wash his private parts and rest of his nakedness which is beneath the loin cloth’’.[42]
28- الْهِدَايَةُ، يُغَسِّلُ الْمَيِّتَ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ أَوْ مَنْ يَأْمُرُهُ الْوَلِيُّ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَإِذَا فَرَغَ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْكَفَنِ وَضَعَ الْمَيِّتَ عَلَى الْمُغْتَسَلِ وَ جَعَلَ بَاطِنَ رِجْلَيْهِ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ وَ يَنْزِعُ الْقَمِيصَ مِنْ فَوْقُ إِلَى سُرَّتِهِ وَ يَتْرُكُهُ إِلَى أَنْ يَفْرُغَ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ لِيَسْتُرَ بِهِ عَوْرَتَهُ
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘The deceased should be washed by the most foremost of the people with him, or one he instructs with that’ – up to his-asws words: ‘When he is free from ordering the shroud, and places the deceased upon the washing table, and make the soles of his legs towards the Qiblah, and removes the shirt from above his navel and leaves it until he is free from washing him, in order to cover his private parts with it.
فَإِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ قَمِيصٌ أَلْقَى عَلَى عَوْرَتِهِ مَا يَسْتُرُهَا بِهِ وَ يُلَيِّنُ أَصَابِعَهُ بِرِفْقٍ فَإِنْ تَصَعَّبَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَلْيَدَعْهَا وَ يَمْسَحُ يَدَهُ عَلَى بَطْنِهِ مَسْحاً رَفِيقاً
When there does not happen to be a shirt upon him, he should cast upon his private part what it can be covered with, and he should soften his fingers. If it is difficult upon him, let him leave it, and he should wipe upon his belly with a gentle wiping’.
وَ قَالَ أَبِي ره فِي رِسَالَتِهِ إِلَيَّ ابْدَأْ بِيَدَيْهِ فَاغْسِلْهُمَا بِثَلَاثِ حُمَيْدِيَّاتٍ بِمَاءِ السِّدْرِ ثُمَّ تَلُفُّ عَلَى يَدِكَ الْيُسْرَى خِرْقَةً تَجْعَلُ عَلَيْهَا شَيْئاً مِنَ الْحُرُضِ وَ هُوَ الْأُشْنَانُ وَ تُدْخِلُ يَدَكَ تَحْتَ الثَّوْبِ وَ يَصُبُّ عَلَيْكَ غَيْرُكَ الْمَاءَ مِنْ فَوْقُ إِلَى سُرَّتِهِ وَ تَغْسِلُ قُبُلَهُ وَ دُبُرَهُ وَ لَا تَقْطَعِ الْمَاءَ عَنْهُ
And my-asws father-asws said in his-asws message to me-asws: ‘Begin with his hand, washing it with three flasks of water with lotus leaves, then wrap a rag upon you-asws left hand, making something from the soap, and it is the potash, and you-asws should insert your-asws hand beneath the cloth and someone else should pour the water from above to his navel, and wash his front and back private parts, and not cut the water from him.
ثُمَّ تَغْسِلُ رَأْسَهُ وَ لِحْيَتَهُ بِرَغْوَةِ السِّدْرِ وَ بَعْدَهُ بِثَلَاثِ حُمَيْدِيَّاتٍ وَ لَا تُقْعِدْهُ ثُمَّ تُقَلِّبُهُ إِلَى الْجَانِبِ الْأَيْسَرِ لِيَبْدُوَ لَكَ الْأَيْمَنُ وَ تَمُدُّ يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى عَلَى جَنْبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ إِلَى حَيْثُ بَلَغَتْ ثُمَّ تُغَسِّلُهُ بِثَلَاثِ حُمَيْدِيَّاتٍ مِنْ قَرْنِهِ إِلَى قَدَمِهِ وَ لَا تَقْطَعِ الْمَاءَ عَنْهُ
Then you-asws should wash his head and his beard with the lotus leaves, and after it with three flasks, and do not sit him up. Then turn him to the left side for the right side to be revealed to you, and extend his right hand upon his right side up to where it reaches, then wash him with three flasks from his head to his foot, and do not cut the water from him.
ثُمَّ تُقَلِّبُهُ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ لِيَبْدُوَ لَكَ الْأَيْسَرُ وَ تَمُدُّ يَدَهُ الْيُسْرَى عَلَى جَنْبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ إِلَى حَيْثُ بَلَغَتْ ثُمَّ تُغَسِّلُهُ بِثَلَاثِ حُمَيْدِيَّاتٍ مِنْ قَرْنِهِ إِلَى قَدَمِهِ وَ لَا تَقْطَعِ الْمَاءَ عَنْهُ
Then turn him to his right side in order to reveal the left side to you, and extend his left hand upon his left side up to where it reaches. Then wash him with three flasks, from his head to his foot, and do not cut the water from him.
ثُمَّ اقْلِبْهُ إِلَى ظَهْرِهِ وَ امْسَحْ بَطْنَهُ مَسْحاً رَفِيقاً وَ اغْسِلْهُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى بِمَاءٍ وَ شَيْءٍ مِنْ جُلَالِ الْكَافُورِ مِثْلِ الْغَسْلَةِ الْأُولَى وَ خَضْخِضِ الْأَوَانِيَ الَّتِي فِيهَا الْمَاءُ وَ اغْسِلْهُ الثَّالِثَةَ بِمَاءٍ قَرَاحٍ وَ لَا تَمْسَحْ بَطْنَهُ ثَالِثَةً وَ قُلْ وَ أَنْتَ تُغَسِّلُهُ اللَّهُمَّ عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
Then turn him to his back and wipe his belly with a gentle wiping, and wash him once more with water and something from the powder of camphor, like the first washing, and rub the container in which is the water, and wash him the third time with pure water, and do not wipe his belly for the third time, and say while you are washing him, ‘O Allah-azwj! Your-azwj Pardon! Your-azwj Pardon!’ The one who does that, Allah-azwj will Pardon him.
وَ الْمَجْدُورُ وَ الْمُحْتَرِقُ إِنْ لَمْ يُمْكِنْ غُسْلُهُمَا صُبَّ عَلَيْهِمَا الْمَاءُ صَبّاً يُجْمَعُ مَا سَقَطَ مِنْهُمَا فِي أَكْفَانِهِمَا.
And the injured and the burnt, if it is not possible to wash them, pour the water upon them with a pouring. Collect whatever falls off from them in their shrouds’’.[43]
29- مِصْبَاحُ الْأَنْوَارِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع غَسَّلَ فَاطِمَةَ ثَلَاثاً وَ خَمْساً وَ جَعَلَ فِي الْغَسْلَةِ الْخَامِسَةِ الْآخِرَةِ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْكَافُورِ وَ أَشْعَرَهَا مِئْزَراً سَابِغاً دُونَ الْكَفَنِ وَ كَانَ هُوَ الَّذِي يَلِي ذَلِكَ مِنْهَا
(The book) ‘Misbah Al Anwaar’ –
‘From Abu Abdullah Al-Husayn-asws: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws washed (Syeda) Fatima-asws three and five, and in the last fifth washing, he-asws made something from the camphor and kept an apron upon her-asws, besides the shroud, and he-asws was the one in charge of that from her.
وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهَا أَمَتُكَ وَ بِنْتُ رَسُولِكَ وَ صَفِيِّكَ وَ خِيَرَتِكَ مِنْ خَلْقِكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَقِّنْهَا حُجَّتَهَا وَ أَعْظِمْ بُرْهَانَهَا وَ أَعْلِ دَرَجَتَهَا وَ اجْمَعْ بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَ أَبِيهَا مُحَمَّدٍ ص.
And he-asws said: ‘She-asws is Your-azwj maid, and daughter-asws of Your-azwj Rasool-saww, and Your‑azwj Choice from Your-azwj creatures. O Allah-azwj! Indoctrinate her-asws, her-asws arguments, and Enhance her-asws proofs, and Exalt her-asws ranks, and Gather between her-asws and her-asws father-saww Muhammad-saww!’’[44]
وَ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ: غَسَّلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ غَسَّلَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْحَسَنُ وَلَدُهُ ع
And from Zayd son of Ali (Bin Al-Husayn-asws) having said, ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws had washed Rasool-Allah-saww, and Amir Al-Momineen-asws was washed by his-asws son-asws Al-Hassan-asws’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ زَيْدٌ بِأَبِي وَ أُمِّي مَنْ تَوَلَّتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ غُسْلَهُ قَالَ يَعْنِي أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحُسَيْنَ ع
Then Zayd said, ‘By my father-asws and my mother! Who is the one the Angels were in charge of his washing?’ He (the narrator) said, ‘Meaning Abu Abdullah Al-Husayn-asws’.
وَ قَالَ زَيْدٌ نَحْنُ الْمَوْتُورُونَ وَ نَحْنُ الْمَظْلُومُونَ فَوَيْلٌ لِمَنْ جَهِلَ أَمْرَنَا وَ طُوبَى لِمَنْ عَرَفَ حَقَّنَا.
And Zayd said, ‘We (People-asws of the Household), are the slain (unretaliated for), and we are the oppressed! Woe be to the one who ignores our matter, and beatitude is for one who recognises our right!’’[45]
30- كِتَابُ دَلَائِلِ الْإِمَامَةِ لِلطَّبَرِيِّ الْإِمَامِيِّ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْخَشَّابِ عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رَأَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع رُؤْيَا طَوِيلَةً بَشَّرَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِاللُّحُوقِ بِهِ وَ أَرَاهَا مَنْزِلَهَا
(The book) ‘Dalail Al Aimma-asws’ of Al Tabari Al Imami – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Khashab, from Zakariya Bin Yahya, from Ibn Abu Zaida, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, (Syeda) Fatima-asws saw a long dream of Rasool-Allah-saww giving her-asws glad tidings with the joining with him-saww, and he-saww showed her-asws, her-asws dwelling.
فَلَمَّا انْتَبَهَتْ قَالَتْ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِذَا تُوُفِّيتُ لَا تُعْلِمْ أَحَداً إِلَّا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ وَ أُمَّ أَيْمَنَ وَ فِضَّةَ وَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ ابْنَيَّ وَ الْعَبَّاسَ وَ سَلْمَانَ وَ عَمَّاراً وَ الْمِقْدَادَ وَ أَبَا ذَرٍّ وَ حُذَيْفَةَ
When She-asws woke up, she-asws said to Amir Al-Momineen-asws: ‘When I-saww pass away, do not let anyone know except Umm Salama-ra, and Umm Ayman-ra, and Fizza-ra, and from the men, my-asws to sons-asws, and Al Abbas, and Salman-ra, and Ammar-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and Abu Zarr-ra, and Huzeyfa-ra’.
وَ قَالَتْ إِنِّي أَحْلَلْتُكَ أَنْ تَرَانِي بَعْدَ مَوْتِي فَكُنْ مِنَ النِّسْوَةِ فِيمَنْ يُغَسِّلُنِي وَ لَا تَدْفِنِّي إِلَّا لَيْلًا وَ لَا تُعْلِمْ أَحَداً قَبْرِي تَمَامَ الْحَدِيثِ.
And she-asws said: ‘I-asws permit you-asws to see me-asws after my-asws passing away, so be with the women, among the ones who wash me-asws, and do not bury me except at night, and do not let anyone know of my-asws grave’ – the complete Hadeeth’’.[46]
31- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُوسَى التَّلَّعُكْبَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا قُبِضَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع غَسَّلَهَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ لَمْ يَحْضُرْهَا غَيْرُهُ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَ زَيْنَبَ وَ أُمِّ كُلْثُومٍ وَ فِضَّةَ جَارِيَتِهَا وَ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ عُمَيْسٍ الْخَبَرَ.
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Haroun Bin Musa Al Tal’ukbary, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Hammam, raising it, said,
‘When (Syeda) Fatima-asws passed away, Amir Al-Momineen-asws washed her-asws, and no one was present apart from him-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and Zainab-as, and Umm Kulsoom-as, and her-asws slave girl Fizza-ra, and Asma Bint Umeys-ra’ – the Hadeeth’’.[47]
32- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْمَعْرُوفِ بِابْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ الرِّضَا ع بِخُرَاسَانَ وَ كَانَ الْعَبَّاسُ يَحْجُبُهُ فَدَعَانِي وَ إِذَا عِنْدَهُ شَيْخٌ أَعْوَرُ يَسْأَلُهُ فَخَرَجَ الشَّيْخُ فَقَالَ لِي رُدَّ عَلَيَّ الشَّيْخَ
And from him, from Abu Al Mufazzal Muhammad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Hammam, from Ahmad Bin Al-Husayn, well known as Ibn Abu Al Qasim, from his father, from one of his men, from Al Haysam Bin Waqid who said,
‘I was in the presence of Al-Reza-asws at Khurasan, and Al-Abbas was guarding him-asws. He-asws called me, and in with him-asws a one-eyed sheykh asking him. The sheykh went out. He-asws said to me: ‘Return the sheykh to me!’
فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَى الْحَاجِبِ فَقَالَ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ عَلَيَّ أَحَدٌ
I went out to the guard. He said, ‘No one has come out to me!’
فَقَالَ الرِّضَا أَ تَعْرِفُ الشَّيْخَ
Al-Reza-asws said: ‘Do you recognise the sheykh?’
فَقُلْتُ لَا
I said, ‘No’.
فَقَالَ هَذَا رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْجِنِّ سَأَلَنِي عَنْ مَسَائِلَ وَ كَانَ فِيمَا سَأَلَنِي عَنْهُ مَوْلُودَانِ وُلِدَا فِي بَطْنٍ مُلْتَزِمَيْنِ مَاتَ أَحَدُهُمَا كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِ قُلْتُ يُنْشَرُ الْمَيِّتُ عَنِ الْحَيِ.
He-asws said: ‘This is a man from the Jinn. He asked me-asws about issues, and among what he had asked me-asws about was two new-borns born in one belly (pregnancy as twins) attached to each other (conjoined). One of them died, so how should he deal with him. I-asws said: ‘The dead one would be sawed off from the living one’’.[48]
باب 9 التكفين و آدابه و أحكامه
CHAPTER 9 – THE SHROUDING, AND ITS ETIQUETTES AND ITS RULINGS
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ خَلَفٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ يَنْفُضُ بِكُمِّهِ الْمِسْكَ عَنِ الْكَفَنِ فَيَقُولُ لَيْسَ هَذَا مِنَ الْحَنُوطِ فِي شَيْءٍ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnad’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Khalaf, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Ja’fari having said:
‘I saw Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws shake the musk with his-asws sleeve on the coffin. He-asws said: ‘This isn’t in anything from the embalmment’’.[49]
بيان: يدل على مرجوحية التحنط بالمسك و ما روي من تحنط النبي ص به إما محمول على التقية أو مخصوص به ص و ظاهر الأكثر كراهة غير الكافور و الذريرة من الطيب مطلقا
Explanation – It evidence’s upon the likelihood of embalming with the musk.; and what is reported of the embalming of the Prophet-saww is either carried upon the Taqiyya (dissimulation, or it was particularly with him-saww, and the apparent is mostly dislike of other than the camphor and the ‘Zareera’ from the perfumes absolutely.
قال في الذكرى و أما المسك ففي خبرين أرسلهما الصدوق أحدهما أن النبي ص حنط بمثقال من مسك سوى الكافور و الآخر عن الهادي ع أنه سوغ تقريب المسك و البخور إلى الميت
He said in ‘Al-Zikra’, ‘And as for the musk, it is in two Ahadeeth transmitted by Al-Sadouq (in Al-Faqeeh). One of these is that the Prophet-saww was embalmed with an ounce of musk besides the camphor, and the other is from Al-Hadi-asws having dyed with the musk and the incense to the dead body’.
و يعارضهما مسند محمد بن مسلم و نقل ما سيأتي و قال خبر غياث بن إبراهيم عن الصادق ع أن أباه كان يجمر الميت بالعود. ضعيف السند.
And these two are opposed by an attribution by Muhammad Bin Muslim (Al Ilal and Al-Khisaal), what I shall be coming with, and he said, ‘A report by Giyas Bin Ibrahim (Al-Tahzeeb), from Al-Sadiq-asws that his-asws father-asws had burned the frankincense at the deceased, is of weak chain.
2- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَانَ لَا يَلْبَسُ إِلَّا الْبَيَاضَ أَكْثَرَ مَا يَلْبَسُ وَ يَقُولُ فِيهِ تَكْفِينُ الْمَوْتَى.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakhtari,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Ali-asws was not wearing except the white, and he-asws would frequently wear and say regarding it: ‘Enshroud the deceased (in white)!’’[50]
3- وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ الرَّشَّ عَلَى الْقُبُورِ كَانَ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ كَانَ يُجْعَلُ الْجَرِيدُ الرَّطْبُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ حِينَ يُدْفَنُ الْإِنْسَانُ فِي أَوَّلِ الزَّمَانِ وَ يُسْتَحَبُّ ذَلِكَ لِلْمَيِّتِ.
And by this chain,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘The sprinkling upon the graves happened in the era of the Prophet-saww, and he-saww would make a wet branch to be upon the grave when the person had been buried in the first of the timings, and that is recommended for the deceased’’.[51]
4- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَجِيدُوا أَكْفَانَ مَوْتَاكُمْ فَإِنَّهَا زِينَتُهُمْ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from one of our companions raising it to,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Use best shrouds for your deceased, for these are their adornments’’.[52]
5- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَوْصَانِي أَبِي بِكَفَنِهِ قَالَ لِي يَا جَعْفَرُ اشْتَرِ لِي بُرْداً وَ جَوِّدْهُ فَإِنَّ الْمَوْتَى يَتَبَاهَوْنَ بِأَكْفَانِهِمْ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Muhammad Bin Idrees, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws bequeathed to me-asws about his-asws shroud. He-asws said to me-asws: ‘O Ja’far-asws! Buy a gown for me-asws (as shroud) and make it to be good, for the deceased ones will be boasting with their shrouds’’.[53]
6- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: السُّنَّةُ فِي الْحَنُوطِ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ دِرْهَماً وَ ثُلُثٌ
And from him, from his father and Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Attar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ibrahim Bin hashim, from Ibn Sinan, raising it,
He-asws said: ‘The Sunnah regarding the embalming is thirteen Dirhams and a third’.
قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ وَ رَوَوْا أَنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع نَزَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بِحَنُوطٍ وَ كَانَ وَزْنُهُ أَرْبَعِينَ دِرْهَماً فَقَسَمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ثَلَاثَةَ أَجْزَاءٍ جُزْءٌ لَهُ وَ جُزْءٌ لِعَلِيٍّ وَ جُزْءٌ لِفَاطِمَةَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ.
Muhammad Bin Ahmad (narrator) said, ‘And it is reported: ‘Jibraeel-as descended unto Rasool-Allah-saww with embalmment, and it’s weight was of forty Dirhams. Rasool-Allah-saww divided it into three segments – a segment for himself-saww, and a segment for Ali-asws, and a segment for (Syeda) Fatima-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws’’.[54]
7- مَجَالِسُ ابْنِ الشَّيْخِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَخْلَدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْمَعْرُوفِ بِابْنِ السَّمَّاكِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: قَالَ خَيْرُ ثِيَابِكُمُ الْبَيَاضُ فَلْيَلْبَسْهُ أَحْيَاؤُكُمْ وَ كَفِّنُوا فِيهِ مَوْتَاكُمْ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Ibn Al Sheykh – from his father, from Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Makhlad, from Usman Bin Ahmad, well known as Ibn Al Sammaak, from Ahmad Bin Ali Al Khazzaz, from Yahya Bin Imran, from Suleyman Bin Arqam, from Al-Hassan, from Abu Hureyra (well known fabricator),
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Best of your clothing is the white, so let your living ones be wearing it, and enshroud your dead ones in it’’.[55]
8- الْإِحْتِجَاجُ، وَ غَيْبَةُ الشَّيْخِ، فِيمَا كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ إِلَى الْقَائِمِ ع سُئِلَ عَنْ طِينِ الْقَبْرِ يُوضَعُ مَعَ الْمَيِّتِ فِي قَبْرِهِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ أَمْ لَا
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’, and ‘Ghayba’ of the Sheykh –
‘Among what Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al-Himeyri wrote to Al-Qaim-ajfj, he asked about clay of the grave (of Al-Husayn-asws) being placed with the deceased in his grave, ‘Is that allowed or not?’
فَأَجَابَ ع يُوضَعُ مَعَ الْمَيِّتِ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ يُخْلَطُ بِحَنُوطِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى
‘He-ajfj answered: ‘Place it with the deceased in his grave and mingle it with his embalmment, if Allah-azwj the Exalted so Desires’.
وَ سَأَلَ وَ رُوِيَ لَنَا عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ عَلَى إِزَارِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ابْنِهِ- إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ هَلْ يَجُوزُ لَنَا نَكْتُبُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ بِطِينِ الْقَبْرِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ
And he asked, ‘And it is reported to us from Al-Sadiq-asws and he-asws had written upon the loin cloth (shroud) of his-asws son Ismail: ‘Ismail testifies that there is no god except Allah-azwj’, and it is allowed for us to write similar to that, with clay of the grave (of Al-Husayn-asws or something else?’
فَأَجَابَ ع يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ.
He-ajfj answered: ‘That is allowed’’.[56]
9- الْعِلَلُ، وَ الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: لَا تُجَمِّرُوا الْأَكْفَانَ وَ لَا تَمْسَحُوا مَوْتَاكُمْ بِالطِّيبِ إِلَّا الْكَافُورَ فَإِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمُحْرِمِ.
(The books) ‘Al Ilal’, and ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Isa Al Yaqteeni, from Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from his grandfather Al-Hassan, from Abu Baseer, and Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘Neither burn incense at the shrouds nor wipe your deceased with the perfume, except the camphor, for the deceased is at the status of the one in Ihraam’’.[57]
10- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ مَعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ مَعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا يُمَاكَسُ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْيَاءَ فِي الْأُضْحِيَّةِ وَ الْكَفَنِ وَ ثَمَنِ النَّسَمَةِ وَ الْكِرَى إِلَى مَكَّةَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, and Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, both together from Muhammad Bin Yahya, and Ahmad Bin Idrees, both together from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Isa, raising it to,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Do not bargain regarding four things – regarding the sacrificial offering, and the shroud, and price of the person (slave), and the rent to Makkah (for Hajj)’’.[58]
11- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص- إِذَا أَعَدَّ الرَّجُلُ كَفَنَهُ كَانَ مَأْجُوراً كُلَّمَا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from Ja’far Bin Ali, from his grandfather Al-Hassan Bin Ali, from his grandfather Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Ismail Bin Muslim,
‘From Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When the man prepares his shroud, he would be Rewarded every time he looks at it’’.[59]
12- مَعَانِي الْأَخْبَارِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُبَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مَاتَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَشَهِدَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَالَ خَضِّرُوهُ فَمَا أَقَلَّ الْمُتَخَضِّرِينَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Saffar, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Yahya Bin Ubadah,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) heard him-asws saying that a man from the Helpers had died, so Rasool-Allah-saww attended him and said: ‘Greenify him, for how few would be the greenified on the Day of Qiyamah!’
قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ التَّخْضِيرُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘And which thing is the greenifying?’
قَالَ تُؤْخَذُ جَرِيدَةٌ رَطْبَةٌ قَدْرَ ذِرَاعٍ وَ تُوضَعُ هُنَا وَ أَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى تَرْقُوَتِهِ تُلَفُّ مَعَ ثِيَابِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘A wet branch is taken, a measurement of a cubit, and placed over here’ – and he-asws indicated by his-asws hand to his-asws collarbone – ‘Wrapped with his clothes (shroud)’’.[60]
13- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ الْمَيِّتَ إِذَا مَاتَ لِمَ تُجْعَلُ مَعَهُ الْجَرِيدَةُ
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘What is your-asws view of the deceased who had died, and branch had not been placed with him?’
قَالَ تَجَافَى عَنْهُ الْعَذَابُ وَ الْحِسَابُ مَا دَامَ الْعُودُ رَطْباً إِنَّمَا الْحِسَابُ وَ الْعَذَابُ كُلُّهُ فِي يَوْمٍ وَاحِدٍ فِي سَاعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ قَدْرَ مَا يُدْخَلُ الْقَبْرَ وَ يَرْجِعُ النَّاسُ عَنْهُ فَإِنَّمَا جُعِلَ السَّعَفَتَانِ لِذَلِكَ وَ لَا عَذَابَ وَ لَا حِسَابَ بَعْدَ جُفُوفِهَا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
He-asws said: ‘The Punishment and the Reckoning would be forsaken from him for as long as the stick is wet. But rather, the Reckoning and the Punishment, all of it is in one day, in one time, a measurement of what one enters the grave and the people return from him. So rather, the two leaves are made to be for that, and there is neither Punishment nor Reckoning after their drying, if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.[61]
14- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، قَالَ ع ثُمَّ تَضَعُهُ فِي أَكْفَانِهِ وَ اجْعَلْ مَعَهُ جَرِيدَتَيْنِ إِحْدَاهُمَا عِنْدَ تَرْقُوَتِهِ تُلْصِقُهَا بِجِلْدِهِ ثُمَّ تَمُدُّ عَلَيْهِ قَمِيصَهُ وَ الْأُخْرَى عِنْدَ وَرِكِهِ-.
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al Reza-asws’ – He-asws said: ‘Then place it in his shroud and make two branches to be with him – one of these by his collarbone, sticking with his skin, then except the shirt upon it, and the other by his thigh’’.[62]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ الْجَرِيدَتَيْنِ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ بِقَدْرِ عَظْمِ ذِرَاعٍ تَضَعُ وَاحِدَةً عِنْدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ تُلْصِقُ إِلَى السَّاقِ وَ إِلَى الْفَخِذَيْنِ وَ الْأُخْرَى تَحْتَ إِبْطِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ مَا بَيْنَ الْقَمِيصِ وَ الْإِزَارِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَقْدِرْ عَلَى جَرِيدَةٍ مِنْ نَخْلٍ فَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ تَكُونَ رَطْباً
And it is reported that the two branches, each one should be a measurement of the bone of the forearm. Place one by his knees sticking to the leg and to the thighs, and the other under his right armpit, what is between the shirt and the loin cloth; and if you are not able upon a branch from the date tree, there is no problem if it happens to be from something else (another plant or tree) after it happens to be wet.
وَ تَلُفُّهُ فِي إِزَارِهِ وَ حِبَرَتِهِ وَ تَبْدَأُ بِالشِّقِّ الْأَيْسَرِ وَ تَمُدُّ عَلَى الْأَيْمَنِ ثُمَّ تَمُدُّ الْأَيْمَنَ عَلَى الْأَيْسَرِ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ لَمْ تَجْعَلِ الْحِبَرَةَ مَعَهُ حَتَّى تُدْخِلَهُ الْقَبْرَ فَتُلْقِيهِ عَلَيْهِ
And wrap it in his loin cloth and his shawl, and begin with the left side and extend upon the right, then extend the right upon the left; and if you so desire, do not make the shawl to be with him until you enter him into the grave, then wrap it upon him.
ثُمَّ تُعَمِّمُهُ وَ تُحَنِّكُهُ فَتَثْنِي عَلَى رَأْسِهِ بِالتَّدْوِيرِ وَ تُلْقِي فَضْلَ الشِّقِّ الْأَيْمَنِ عَلَى الْأَيْسَرِ وَ الْأَيْسَرِ عَلَى الْأَيْمَنِ ثُمَّ تَمُدُّ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ ثُمَّ تُلَفِّفُ اللِّفَافَةَ
Then put a turban on him, and fold it under his chin, doubling upon his head with the rotation, and fold the surplus of the right side upon the left, and the left upon the right, then extend upon his chest, then wrap the wrapping.
وَ إِيَّاكَ أَنْ تُعَمِّمَهُ عِمَّةَ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ وَ تُلْقِي طَرَفَيِ الْعِمَامَةِ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ وَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُلْبِسَهُ قَمِيصَهُ تَأْخُذُ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْقُطْنِ وَ تَجْعَلُ عَلَيْهِ حَنُوطَهُ وَ تَحْشُو بِهِ دُبُرَهُ وَ تَضَعُ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْقُطْنِ عَلَى قُبُلِهِ وَ تَجْعَلُ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْحَنُوطِ وَ تَضُمُّ رِجْلَيْهِ جَمِيعاً وَ تَشُدُّ فَخِذَيْهِ إِلَى وَرِكِهِ بِالْمِئْزَرِ شَدّاً جَيِّداً لِأَنْ لَا يَخْرُجَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ
And beware of donning the turban on him like turban of the Bedouin, and wrap two ends of the turban upon his chest, and before you make him wear his shirt take something from the cotton and make it to be in his embalmment and stuff his backside with it, and place something from the cotton upon his front part, and make something from the embalmment upon it, and wrap his legs together, and tie his things to his hips very tightly so that nothing would emerge from him.
فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنْ كَفْنِهِ حَنَّطْتَهُ بِوَزْنِ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ دِرْهَماً وَ ثُلُثٍ مِنَ الْكَافُورِ وَ تَبْدَأُ بِجَبْهَتِهِ وَ تَمْسَحُ مَفَاصِلَهُ كُلَّهَا بِهِ وَ تُلْقِي مَا بَقِيَ مِنْهُ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ وَ فِي وَسَطِ رَاحَتِهِ وَ لَا يُجْعَلُ فِي فَمِهِ وَ لَا مَنْخِرِهِ وَ لَا فِي عَيْنَيْهِ وَ لَا فِي مَسَامِعِهِ وَ لَا عَلَى وَجْهِهِ قُطْنٌ وَ لَا كَافُورٌ
When you are free from enshrouding him, embalm him with a weight of thirteen Dirhams and a third from the camphor, and begin with his forehead, and wipe his joints, all of them with it, and cast whatever remains from it upon his chest, and in the middle of his palm, and neither make it to be in his mouth, nor his nostril, nor in his eyes, nor in his ears, nor upon his face, neither cotton nor camphor.
فَإِنْ لَمْ تَقْدِرْ عَلَى هَذَا الْمِقْدَارِ كَافُوراً فَأَرْبَعَةُ دَرَاهِمَ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَقْدِرْ فَمِثْقَالٌ لَا أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ وَجَدَهُ-.
If you are not able upon this measurement of camphor, then four Dirhams. If you are (still) not able, then an ounce, not less than that for the one who can find it’’.[63]
وَ قَالَ ع فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ- إِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ حَنَّطْتَ بِثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ دِرْهَماً وَ ثُلُثٍ كَافُوراً تَجْعَلُ فِي الْمَفَاصِلِ وَ لَا تُقَرِّبُ السَّمْعَ وَ الْبَصَرَ وَ تَجْعَلُ فِي مَوْضِعِ سُجُودِهِ وَ أَدْنَى مَا يُجْزِيهِ مِنَ الْكَافُورِ مِثْقَالٌ وَ نِصْفٌ
And he-asws said in another place: ‘When you are free from washing him, embalm with thirteen Dirhams and a third (in weight) of camphor, made to be in the joints, and do not take it near the ears and the eyes, and make it to be in place of his Sajdah(s); and least of what would suffice him from the camphor is an ounce and a half.
ثُمَّ يُكَفَّنُ بِثَلَاثِ قِطَعٍ وَ خَمْسٍ وَ سَبْعٍ فَأَمَّا الثَّلَاثَةُ فَمِئْزَرٌ وَ عِمَامَةٌ وَ لِفَافَةٌ وَ الْخَمْسُ مِئْزَرٌ وَ قَمِيصٌ وَ عِمَامَةٌ وَ لِفَافَتَانِ-.
Then he should be shrouded with three pieces, and five, and seven. As for the three – a loin cloth, and a turban, and a wrapping; and the five – loin cloth, and shirt, and turban, and two wrappings’’.[64]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ لَا يُقَرَّبُ الْمَيِّتُ مِنَ الطِّيبِ شَيْئاً وَ لَا الْبَخُورِ إِلَّا الْكَافُورَ فَإِنَّ سَبِيلَهُ سَبِيلُ الْمُحْرِمِ-.
And it is reported: ‘Do not draw near to the deceased, anything from the perfume, nor the incense except the camphor, for his way is way of the one in Ihraam’’.[65]
وَ رُوِيَ إِطْلَاقُ الْمِسْكِ فَوْقَ الْكَفَنِ وَ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ لِأَنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ تَكْرِمَةَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ فَمَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ يُقْبَضُ رُوحُهُ إِلَّا تَحْضُرُ عِنْدَهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ.
And it is reported: ‘Release the musk above the shroud, and upon the bier, because in that is honouring of the Angels. There is none from a Momin whose soul is capture except the Angels are present with him’’.[66]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ الْكَافُورَ يُجْعَلُ فِي فِيهِ وَ فِي مَسَامِعِهِ وَ بَصَرِهِ وَ رَأْسِهِ وَ لِحْيَتِهِ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْمِسْكُ وَ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ وَ فَرْجِهِ
And it is reported: The camphor, make it to be in his mouth, and in his ears, and his eyes, and his head, and his beard; and like that is the musk upon his chest and his private parts’.
وَ قَالَ الرَّجُلُ وَ المَرْأَةُ سَوَاءٌ
And he said, ‘The man and the woman are the same (in this)’.
قَالَ غَيْرَ أَنِّي أَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُتَجَمَّرَ وَ يُتْبَعَ بِالْمِجْمَرَةِ وَ لَكِنْ يُجَمَّرُ الْكَفَنُ
He-asws said: ‘Apart from that I-asws dislike him being incensed, and followed with the incense burners, but the shroud can be incensed’.
وَ قَالَ تُؤْخَذُ خِرْقَةٌ فَيَشُدُّهَا عَلَى مَقْعَدَتِهِ وَ رِجْلَيْهِ
And he-asws said: ‘A rag should be taken and tied upon his rear and his legs’.
قُلْتُ الْإِزَارُ
I said, ‘The loin cloth’.
قَالَ إِنَّهَا لَا تُعَدُّ شَيْئاً وَ إِنَّمَا أُمِرَ بِهَا لِكَيْلَا يَظْهَرَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ وَ ذَكَرَ أَنَّ مَا جُعِلَ مِنَ الْقُطْنِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْهُ.
He-asws said: ‘It does not count for anything, and rather it has been instructed with, lest something is revealed from him’. And he-asws mentioned: ‘Nothing better than the cotton can be made from it’’.[67]
وَ قَالَ: يُكَفَّنُ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ لِفَافَةٍ وَ قَمِيصٍ وَ إِزَارٍ وَ ذَكَرَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع غَسَّلَ النَّبِيَّ ص فِي قَمِيصٍ وَ كَفَّنَهُ فِي ثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ ثَوْبَيْنِ صُحَارِيَّيْنِ وَ ثَوْبٍ حِبَرَةٍ يَمَنِيَّةٍ وَ لَحَدَ لَهُ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ وَ دَخَلَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ فَبَسَطَ يَدَهُ فَوَضَعَ النَّبِيُّ ص عَلَيْهَا فَأَدْخَلَهُ اللَّحْدَ
And he-asws said: ‘He should be shrouded with three clothes – a wrapping, and a shirt, and a loin cloth’.
‘And he-asws mentioned that Ali-asws had washed the Prophet-saww in a shirt, and shrouded him in three clothes – two ‘Suahareen’ clothes, and a cloth of Yemeni shawl, and Abu Talha dug the grave for him, then Abu Talha came out, and he-asws entered the grave. He-asws extended his-asws and placed the Prophet-saww upon it, and he-saww entered the grave’.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع لَمَّا أَنْ غَسَّلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ فَرَغَ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ نَظَرَ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ فَرَأَى فِيهَا شَيْئاً فَانْكَبَّ عَلَيْهِ فَأَدْخَلَ لِسَانَهُ فَمَسَحَ مَا كَانَ فِيهَا فَقَالَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ طِبْتَ حَيّاً وَ طِبْتَ مَيِّتاً-.
And he-asws said that when Ali-azwj washed Rasool-Allah-azwj and was free from washing him, he‑asws looked into his-saww eyes and saw something being in it. He-asws devoted upon it and inserted his-asws tongue. He wiped whatever was in it. He-asws said: ‘By my-asws father-as and my‑asws mother-as, O Rasool-Allah-saww! May Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon you-saww. You-saww were good (when) alive, and are good (when) dead’’.[68]
وَ قَالَ الْعَالِمُ ع وَ كَتَبَ أَبِي فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ أَنْ أُكَفِّنَهُ فِي ثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ أَحَدُهَا رِدَاءٌ لَهُ حِبَرَةٌ وَ كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَ ثَوْبٌ آخَرُ وَ قَمِيصٌ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي لِمَ تَكْتُبُ هَذَا
And the scholar-asws said: ‘And my-asws father-asws wrote in his-asws bequest that I-asws should enshroud him in three clothes – one of these being a cloak for him, a shawl, and he-asws used to pray Salat in it on the day of Friday, and another cloth, and a shirt. I-asws said to my-asws father-asws: ‘Why did you-asws write this?’
فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يَغْلِبَكَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ كَفِّنْهُ بِأَرْبَعَةِ أَثْوَابٍ أَوْ خَمْسَةٍ فَلَا تَقْبَلْ قَوْلَهُمْ
He-asws said: ‘I-asws feared that the people might overcome you saying, ‘His-asws shroud is of four clothes, or five’, so do not accept their words’.
وَ عَصَبْتُهُ بَعْدُ بِعِمَامَةٍ وَ لَيْسَ تُعَدُّ الْعِمَامَةُ مِنَ الْكَفَنِ إِنَّمَا يُعَدُّ مِمَّا يُلَفُّ بِهِ الْجَسَدُ وَ شَقَقْنَا لَهُ الْقَبْرَ شَقّاً مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ رَجُلًا بَدِيناً وَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَجْعَلَ ارْتِفَاعَ قَبْرِهِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَصَابِعَ مُفَرَّجَاتٍ-.
And I-asws donned him-asws after with a turban, and the turban isn’t counted as being from the shroud. But rather, it is counted from what the body is wrapped with; and we cleaved the grave for him with a cleaving from the reason that he-asws has a large-bodied man; and he-asws had instructed me-asws that I-asws should make the height of his-asws grave to four fingers spread out’’.[69]
وَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: إِذَا مَاتَ الْمُحْرِمُ فَلْيُغَسَّلْ وَ لْيُكَفَّنْ كَمَا يُغَسَّلُ الْحَلَالُ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَا يُقَرَّبُ طِيباً وَ لَا يُحَنَّطُ وَ يُغَطَّى وَجْهُهُ وَ الْمَرْأَةُ تُكَفَّنُ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ دِرْعٍ وَ خِمَارٍ وَ لِفَافَةٍ وَ تُدْرَجُ فِيهَا وَ حَنُوطُ الرَّجُلِ وَ المَرْأَةِ سَوَاءٌ.
And from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘When the one in Ihraam were to die, let him be washed, and let him be enshrouded like what the one not in Ihraam is washed, apart from that neither perfume nor embalmment is drawn near, and his face should be covered; while the woman would be enshrouded with three clothes – a shield, and a scarf, and a wrapping, and there should be gradualness in it; and embalmment of the man and the woman is the same’’.[70]
توضيح و روى الشيخ في الصحيح عن عبد الله بن سنان عن أبي عبد الله ع قال البرد لا يلف و لكن يطرح عليه طرحا و إذا أدخل القبر وضع تحت خده و تحت جنبه.
Clarification (Ahadeeth only) – And it is reported by the sheykh in ‘Al-Saheeh’ – from Abdullah Bin Sinan, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The cloak is not wrapped, but it is thrown upon him, and when he enters the grave, it is placed beneath his cheek and beneath his side’.
و قال في النهاية في الحديث كفن رسول الله ص في ثوبين صحاريين.
And he said in ‘Al-Nihaya’ – in a Hadeeth: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was enshrouded in two Sahareen clothes’’.
15- الْعُيُونُ، وَ الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ عُبْدُوسٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: إِنَّمَا أُمِرَ أَنْ يُكَفَّنَ الْمَيِّتُ لِيَلْقَى رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ طَاهِرَ الْجَسَدِ وَ لِئَلَّا تَبْدُوَ عَوْرَتُهُ لِمَنْ يَحْمِلُهُ أَوْ يَدْفِنُهُ وَ لِئَلَّا يَظْهَرَ النَّاسُ عَلَى بَعْضِ حَالِهِ وَ قُبْحِ مَنْظَرِهِ وَ لِئَلَّا يَقْسُوَ الْقَلْبُ مِنْ كَثْرَةِ النَّظَرِ إِلَى مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ لِلْعَاهَةِ وَ الْفَسَادِ وَ لِيَكُونَ أَطْيَبَ لِأَنْفُسِ الْأَحْيَاءِ وَ لِئَلَّا يُبْغِضَهُ حَمِيمُهُ فَيُلْغِيَ ذِكْرَهُ وَ مَوَدَّتَهُ فَلَا يَحْفَظَهُ فِيمَا خَلَّفَ وَ أَوْصَاهُ بِهِ وَ أَمَرَهُ بِهِ وَ أَحَبَ.
(The book) ‘Al Uyoun’, and ‘Al Ilal’ – from Al Wahid Bin Ubdous, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Quteyba, from Al Fazl Bin Shazan,
‘From Al-Reza-asws said: ‘But rather, I-asws instruct that the deceased should be enshrouded to his meeting his Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic being of clean body, and lest his private part be revealed to the ones carrying him, or burying him, and lest some of this state and his ugly scene is revealed to the people, and lest the heart is hardened from the frequent looking at the affliction similar to that and the corruption, and for the living ones to be feeling good, and lest his intimate ones hate him so his mentioned and his affection would be revoked, so he would not be preserved regarding what he has left behind, and he has bequeathed with, and had instructed with, and loved’’.[71]
16- مَعْرِفَةُ الرِّجَالِ لِلْكَشِّيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بُنَانِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنْ يَبْعَثَ إِلَيَّ بِقَمِيصٍ مِنْ قُمُصِهِ أُعِدُّهُ لِكَفَنِي فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ بِهِ
(The book) ‘Marifaat Al Rijaal’ of Al Kashi – from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Bunan Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Bazie who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws to send a shirt from his-asws shirts to me I can prepare it for my shroud. He-asws sent it to me’.
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ بِهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him, ‘How shall I deal with it?’
فَقَالَ انْزِعْ أَزْرَارَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘Remove his loin cloth’’.[72]
17- كَشْفُ الْغُمَّةِ، قَالَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ع قَالَتْ إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ص لَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ بِكَافُورٍ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَقَسَمَهُ أَثْلَاثاً ثُلُثاً لِنَفْسِهِ وَ ثُلُثاً لِعَلِيٍّ وَ ثُلُثاً لِي وَ كَانَ أَرْبَعِينَ دِرْهَماً.
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ –
‘He said, ‘It is reported that (Syeda) Fatima-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as came to the Prophet-saww when the expiry presented to him-saww with camphor from the Paradise. He-saww divided it in three – a third for himself, and a third for Ali-asws, and a third for me-asws, and it was forty Dirhams (in weight)’’.[73]
18- الطُّرَفُ، لِلسَّيِّدِ بْنِ طَاوُسٍ وَ مِصْبَاحُ الْأَنْوَارِ، لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا الْأَخْيَارِ بِإِسْنَادِهِمَا عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ الْمُسْتَفَادِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع كَانَ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ أَنْ يُدْفَعَ إِلَيَّ الْحَنُوطُ فَدَعَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَبْلَ وَفَاتِهِ بِقَلِيلٍ فَقَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ وَ يَا فَاطِمَةُ هَذَا حَنُوطِي مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ دَفَعَهُ إِلَيَّ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع وَ هُوَ يُقْرِئُكُمَا السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكُمَا اقْسِمَاهُ وَ اعْزِلَا مِنْهُ لِي وَ لَكُمَا
(The book) ‘Al Turf’ of the Seyyid Bin Tawoos, and ‘Misbah Al Anwaar’ – for one of our good companions by their chain from Isa Bin Al Mustafad,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, it was in the bequest that the embalmment be handed to me-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah‑saww called me-asws a little before his-saww expiry. He-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws, and O Fatima-asws! This is my-asws embalmment from the Paradise. Jibraeel-as handed it to me-saww and he-as has conveyed the greetings to you-asws both and says to you-asws: ‘Divide it and isolate from it for me-saww and for you-asws both’.
فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ يَا أَبَتَاهْ لَكَ ثُلُثُهُ وَ لْيَكُنِ النَّاظِرُ فِي الْبَاقِي عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع
(Syeda) Fatima-asws said: ‘O father-saww! For you-saww is it’s third, and let Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib‑asws be the decider regarding the remainder’.
فَبَكَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ ضَمَّهَا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ مُوَفَّقَةٌ رَشِيدَةٌ مَهْدِيَّةٌ مُلْهَمَةٌ يَا عَلِيُّ قُلْ فِي الْبَاقِي
Rasool-Allah-saww wept and hugged her-asws to him-saww. He-saww said: ‘(You-asws) are harmonised, guiding, guided, inspired (to the truth)! O Ali-asws, speak regarding the remainder!’
قَالَ نِصْفُ مَا بَقِيَ لَهَا وَ النِّصْفُ لِمَنْ تَرَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
He-asws said: ‘Half of what remains is for her-asws, and the half is for one you-saww deem fit, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ هُوَ لَكَ فَاقْبِضْهُ
He-saww said: ‘It is for you-asws, to take possession of it!’
وَ قَالَ كَانَ فِيمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُدْفَنَ فِي بَيْتِهِ الَّذِي قُبِضَ فِيهِ وَ يُكَفَّنَ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ أَحَدُهَا يَمَانِيٌّ وَ لَا يَدْخُلَ قَبْرَهُ غَيْرُ عَلِيٍّ ع.
And he-asws said: ‘It was among what Rasool-Allah-saww had bequeathed to me-asws with is that he-saww should be buried in his-saww house in which he-saww passed away, and he-saww should be enshrouded with three clothes – on of these being Yemeni, and no one apart from Ali-asws should enter his-saww grave’’.[74]
19- الْمُقْنِعَةُ، قَالَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ آدَمَ لَمَّا أَهْبَطَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ جَنَّتِهِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ اسْتَوْحَشَ فَسَأَلَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَنْ يُؤْنِسَهُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ أَشْجَارِ الْجَنَّةِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ النَّخْلَةَ فَكَانَ يَأْنَسُ بِهَا فِي حَيَاتِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Muqnie’ –
He said, ‘It is reported: ‘When Allah-azwj Sent Adam-as down from His-azwj Paradise to the earth, he-as was lonely, so he-as asked Allah-azwj the Exalted to Comfort him-as with something from the trees of Paradise. Allah-azwj Sent down the date tree, so he-as was comforted with it during his-as lifetime.
فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ قَالَ لِوُلْدِهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ آنَسُ بِهَا فِي حَيَاتِي وَ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو الْأُنْسَ بِهَا بَعْدَ وَفَاتِي فَإِذَا مِتُّ فَخُذُوا مِنْهَا جَرِيداً وَ شُقُّوهُ بِنِصْفَيْنِ وَ ضَعُوهُمَا مَعِي فِي أَكْفَانِي
When the expiry presented to him-as, he-as said to his-as children: ‘I-as used to be comforted with it during my-as life, and I-as hope for being comforted by it after my-as expiry. When I-as pass away, take a branch from it and split it into two halves and place these two with me-as in my-as shroud’.
فَفَعَلَ وُلْدُهُ ذَلِكَ وَ فَعَلَتْهُ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ بَعْدَهُ ثُمَّ انْدَرَسَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَأَحْيَاهُ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ فَعَلَهُ وَ صَارَ سُنَّةً مُتَّبَعَةً.
His-as children did that, and the Prophets-as after him-as did it. Then that was obliterated during the pre-Islamic period. The Prophet-saww revived it and he-saww did it, and it became a followed Sunnah’’.[75]
20- مَعْرِفَةُ الرِّجَالِ لِلْكَشِّيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زَاذَوَيْهِ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع كَفَّنَ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ فِي بُرْدٍ أَحْمَرَ حِبَرَةٍ.
(The book) ‘Ma’rifat Al Rijaal’ of Al Kashi – from Muhammad Bin Masoud, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Sahl Bin Zazawiya, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from the one who reported it, from Abu Maryam Al Ansari,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws enshrouded Usama Bin Zayd in a red robe, a shawl’’.[76]
21- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ اللَّيْثِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْغَفَّارِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَفَّنَ سَهْلَ بْنَ حُنَيْفٍ فِي بُرْدٍ أَحْمَرَ حِبَرَةٍ.
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Masoud, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah Al Alawy, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Laysi, from Abdul Gaffar,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws: ‘Ali-asws enshrouded Sahl Bin Huneyf in a red robe, a shawl’’.[77]
22- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْرُورٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَبَايَةَ بْنِ رِبْعِيٍّ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي حَدِيثِ وَفَاةِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ أَسَدٍ أُمِّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ لِعَلِيٍّ ع خُذْ عِمَامَتِي هَذِهِ وَ خُذْ ثَوْبَيَّ هَذَيْنِ فَكَفِّنْهَا فِيهِمَا وَ مُرِ النِّسَاءَ فَلْيُحْسِنَّ غُسْلَهَا-.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masrour, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Himeyri, from his father, from Ahmad from his father, from Khalaf Bin Hammad, from Abu Al-Hassan Al Abdy, from Al Amsh, from Abaya Bin Rabie, and Abdullah Bin Abbas,
‘In a Hadeeth of expiry Fatima Bint Asad-as, mother-as of Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘Take this turban of mine-saww, and take these two clothes of mine-saww. Enshroud her-as in these and instruct the women to be good in washing her-as’’.[78]
23- الْعِلَلُ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ فِي حَدِيثٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص دَفَنَ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ أَسَدٍ وَ كَفَّنَهَا فِي قَمِيصِهِ وَ نَزَلَ فِي قَبْرِهَا وَ تَمَرَّغَ فِي لَحْدِهَا.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya, from his grandfather, from Bakr Bin Abdul Wahhab, from Isa Bin Abdullah, from his father, from his grandfather in a Hadeeth,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww buried (Syeda) Fatima Bint Asad-as, and enshrouded her-as in his-saww shirt, and he‑saww descended in her-as grave, and wallowed in her-as grave’’.[79]
24- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ جَدِّهِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي حَدِيثٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ أَسَدٍ أَوْصَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَبِلَ وَصِيَّتَهَا فَلَمَّا مَاتَتْ نَزَعَ قَمِيصَهُ وَ قَالَ كَفِّنُوهَا فِيهِ.
And from him, from Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad, from his grandfather Yaqoub, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws in a Hadeeth, said: ‘Fatima Bint Asad-as bequeathed to Rasool-Allah‑saww. He-saww accepted her-as bequest. When she-as passed away, he-saww removed his-saww shirt and said: ‘Enshroud her-as in it’’.[80]
أَقُولُ وَ قَدْ مَرَّ فِي بَابِ الِاحْتِضَارِ أَنَّ الصَّادِقَ ع كَتَبَ فِي حَاشِيَةِ كَفَنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ابْنِهِ- إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘And it has passed in the chapter of the summary, ‘Al-Sadiq-asws had written in the border of the shroud of his-asws son Ismail: ‘Ismail testifies that there is no god except Allah-azwj’’.[81]
25- إِكْمَالُ الدِّينِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي كَهْمَسٍ قَالَ: حَضَرْتُ مَوْتَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ قَدْ سَجَدَ سَجْدَةً فَأَطَالَ السُّجُودَ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ سَجَدَ سَجْدَةً أُخْرَى أَطْوَلَ مِنَ الْأُولَى
(The book) ‘Ikmal Al-Deen’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ibrahim Bin Hashim, and Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn Bin Abu Al Khattab, from Amro Bin Usman, from Abu Kahmas who said,
‘The death of Ismail presented, and I saw Abu Abdullah-asws and he-asws was performing a Sajdah. He-asws prolonged the Sajdah. Then he-asws raised his-asws head, he-asws looked towards him, then performed another Sajdah, long than the first.
ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَ قَدْ حَضَرَهُ الْمَوْتُ فَغَمَّضَهُ وَ رَبَطَ لَحْيَيْهِ وَ غَطَّى عَلَيْهِ الْمِلْحَفَةَ ثُمَّ قَامَ وَ رَأَيْتُ وَجْهَهُ وَ قَدْ دَخَلَهُ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ ثُمَّ قَامَ وَ دَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ
Then he-asws raised his-asws head, and the death has presented him. He-asws closed his eyes, and tied his beard, and covered the quilt upon him. Then he-asws stood, and I saw his-asws face and something had entered him-asws from him, Allah-azwj is more Knowing with it. Then he-asws stood up and entered his-asws house.
فَمَكَثَ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا مُدَّهِناً مُكْتَحِلًا عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابٌ غَيْرُ ثِيَابِهِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَ وَجْهُهُ غَيْرُ الَّذِي دَخَلَ بِهِ فَأَمَرَ وَ نَهَى فِي أَمْرِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ دُعِيَ بِكَفَنِهِ فَكَتَبَ فِي حَاشِيَةِ الْكَفَنِ إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ.
He-asws remained for a while, then came out to us oiled (his-asws hair), (having applied) kohl, upon him-asws were clothes other than his-asws clothes which had been upon him-asws, and his‑asws face was other than which he-asws had entered with. He-asws instructed and forbade regarding his affairs, until when he-asws was free, he-asws was called for his shroud and wrote in its borders of the shroud: ‘Ismail testifies that there is no god except Allah-azwj’’.[82]
26- الْعُيُونُ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُبْدُوسٍ عَنِ ابْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: تُوُفِّيَ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي يَدَيْ سِنْدِيِّ بْنِ شَاهَكَ فَحُمِلَ عَلَى نَعْشٍ وَ نُودِيَ عَلَيْهِ هَذَا إِمَامُ الرَّافِضَةِ
(The book) ‘Al Uyoun’ – from Ibn Ubdous, from Ibn Quteyba, from Hamdan Bin Suleyman, from Al-Hassan Bin Abdullah Al Sayrafi, from his father who said,
‘Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws passed away in the hands (prison) of Sindy Bin Shahak. He-asws was carried upon a coffin and there was a call upon him-asws: ‘This is an Imam-asws of the ‘Rafizis’ (Shias)!’
فَسَمِعَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الصِّيَاحَ وَ نَزَلَ عَنْ قَصْرِهِ وَ حَضَرَ جَنَازَتَهُ وَ غَسَّلَهُ وَ حَنَّطَهُ بِحَنُوطٍ فَاخِرٍ وَ كَفَّنَهُ بِكَفَنٍ فِيهِ حِبَرَةٌ اسْتُعْمِلَتْ لَهُ بِأَلْفَيْنِ وَ خَمْسِمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ عَلَيْهَا الْقُرْآنُ كُلُّهُ وَ احْتَفَى وَ مَشَى فِي جَنَازَتِهِ مُتَسَلِّباً مَشْقُوقَ الْجَيْبِ إِلَى مَقَابِرِ قُرَيْشٍ فَدَفَنَهُ ع هُنَاكَ.
Suleyman Bin Abu Ja’far heard the shouting and he descended from his castle, and attended his-asws bier, and washed him-asws, and embalmed him-asws with pride-worthy embalmment, and enshrouded him with a shroud wherein was a shawl having been worked from him-asws for two thousand five hundred Dinars. Upon it was the whole Quran, and he walked bare feet stripped, torn of pocket to the graveyard of Quraysh. He-asws was buried over there’’.[83]
27- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ يُونُسَ الْكَاتِبِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا يَمُوتُ وَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ مَا يُكَفَّنُ بِهِ أَ فَأَشْتَرِي لَهُ كَفَنَهُ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Al Fazl Bin Yunus the scribe, said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan-asws about a man from our companions dying and he did not leave what he could be shrouded with, ‘Can a shroud be bought for him from the Zakat?’’
قَالَ فَقَالَ أَعْطِ عِيَالَهُ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ قَدْرَ مَا يُجَهِّزُونَهُ فَيَكُونُونَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ يُجَهِّزُونَهُ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘Give his dependants from the Zakat an amount what he can be prepared, so they would be the ones preparing him’.
قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَ لَا أَحَدٌ يَقُومُ بِأَمْرِهِ أَ فَأُجَهِّزُهُ أَنَا مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ
I said, ‘Supposing there does not happen to have any children for him, nor anyone who can stand with his matter, ‘Can I prepare him from the Zakat funds?’
قَالَ فَقَالَ كَانَ أَبِي يَقُولُ إِنَّ حُرْمَةَ عَوْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ حُرْمَةَ بَدَنِهِ وَ هُوَ مَيِّتٌ كَحُرْمَتِهِ وَ هُوَ حَيٌّ فَوَارِ عَوْرَتَهُ وَ بَدَنَهُ وَ جَهِّزْهُ وَ كَفِّنْهُ وَ حَنِّطْهُ وَ احْتَسِبْ بِذَلِكَ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘My-asws father-asws had said: ‘Sanctity of nakedness of the Momin, and sanctity of his body and he is dead is like his sanctity when he was alive. Therefore, cover his nakedness, and his body, and his preparation, and his shroud, and his embalmment, and calculate that from the Zakat’.
قُلْتُ فَإِنِ اتَّجَرَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْضُ إِخْوَانِهِ بِكَفَنٍ آخَرَ وَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ أَ يُكَفَّنُ بِوَاحِدٍ وَ يُقْضَى بِالْآخَرِ دَيْنُهُ
I said, ‘Supposing one of his brothers were to trade (gift) upon him with another shroud, and there were to be debts upon him, can one enshroud him and pay off his debts with another?’
قَالَ فَقَالَ هَذَا لَيْسَ مِيرَاثاً تَرَكَهُ وَ إِنَّمَا هَذَا شَيْءٌ صَارَ إِلَيْهِمْ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ فَلْيُكَفِّنُوهُ بِالَّذِي اتَّجَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِهِ وَ لْيَكُنِ الَّذِي مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ لَهُمْ يُصْلِحُونَ بِهِ شَأْنَهُمْ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘This isn’t inheritance he has left, and rather this is something which has come to them after his death, so let them shroud him with that which had been gifted with upon them with, and let that which was from the Zakat be for them in order to correct their affairs with’’.[84]
28- فَلَاحُ السَّائِلِ، مِنْ كِتَابِ مَدِينَةِ الْعِلْمِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: تَنَوَّقُوا فِي الْأَكْفَانِ فَإِنَّكُمْ تُبْعَثُونَ بِهَا.
(The book) ‘Falah Al Sa’ail’, from the book ‘Medinat Al Ilm’, by his chain to,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Be choosy regarding the shrouds, for you will be Resurrected with it’’.[85]
وَ قَالَ وَجَدْتُ فِي تَارِيخِ نَيْسَابُورَ فِي تَرْجَمَةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص خَيْرُ ثِيَابِكُمُ الْبَيَاضُ فَلْيَلْبَسْهَا أَحْيَاؤُكُمْ وَ كَفِّنُوا فِيهَا مَوْتَاكُمْ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ خَيْرِ ثِيَابِكُمْ.
And he said, ‘I found in the ‘History of Neshapur’ in a translation of Ibrahim Bin Abdul Rahman Bin Sahl, by his chain who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Best of your clothing is the white, so let your living ones wear these, and enshroud your dead ones in these, for there is from best of your clothes’’.[86]
وَ مِنْ كِتَابِ سِيَرِ الْأَئِمَّةِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَبِي ع أَوْصَانِي عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ يَا جَعْفَرُ كَفِّنِّي فِي ثَوْبِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ ثَوْبِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنَّ الْمَوْتَى يَتَبَاهَوْنَ بِأَكْفَانِهِمْ الْخَبَرَ.
And from the book ‘Seer Al-Aimma-asws’, by his chain to Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws had bequeathed me at the death. He-asws said: ‘O Ja’far-asws! Enshroud me-asws with such and such cloth, and such and such cloth, for the dead ones will be boasting with the shrouds’ – the Hadeeth’’.[87]
وَ مِنْ كِتَابِ مَدِينَةِ الْعِلْمِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ كَانَ كَفَنُهُ فِي بَيْتِهِ لَمْ يُكْتَبْ مِنَ الْغَافِلِينَ وَ كَانَ مَأْجُوراً كُلَّمَا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ.
And from the book ‘Madinat Al-Ilm’ – by his chain from Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘One whose shroud were to be in his house will not be written from the heedless ones, and he would be Rewarded every time he looks at it’’.[88]
وَ رُوِيَ فِي كِتَابِ دَلَائِلِ الْأَئِمَّةِ ع أَخْبَارٌ كَثِيرَةٌ بِأَنَّهُمْ هَيَّئُوا أَكْفَانَ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ شِيعَتِهِمْ قَبْلَ وَفَاتِهِمْ وَ نَفَّذُوا الْأَكْفَانَ إِلَيْهِمْ.
And it is reported in the book ‘Dalail Al Aimma-asws’ there are many Ahadeeth the they-asws had prepared shrouds for a group of their-asws Shias before their dead and dispatched the shrouds to them’’.[89]
29- إِرْشَادُ الْقُلُوبِ، قَالَ سِنْدِيُّ بْنُ شَاهَكَ كُنْتُ سَأَلْتُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنْ يَأْذَنَ لِي فِي أَنْ أُكَفِّنَهُ فَأَبَى وَ قَالَ إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ مُهُورُ نِسَائِنَا وَ حَجُّ صَرُورَتِنَا وَ أَكْفَانُ مَوْتَانَا مِنْ طَاهِرِ أَمْوَالِنَا وَ عِنْدِي كَفَنِي.
(The book) ‘Irshad Al Quloub’ –
‘Sindy Bin Shahak (warden) said, ‘I had asked Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws to permit me to enshroud him-asws, but he-asws refused and said: ‘We-asws, People-asws of the Household, dowries of our‑asws women, and Hajj of our unmarried ones, and shrouds of our deceased are from our-asws clean wealth, and my-asws shroud is with me-asws’’.[90]
30- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَجِيدُوا أَكْفَانَ مَوْتَاكُمْ فَإِنَّهَا زِينَتُهُمْ.
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Be excellent in shrouds of your deceased, for these are their adornments’’.[91]
31- الْمَكَارِمُ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَيْسَ مِنْ لِبَاسِكُمْ شَيْءٌ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ الْبَيَاضِ فَالْبَسُوهُ وَ كَفِّنُوا فِيهِ مَوْتَاكُمْ.
(The book) ‘Al Makarim’ – from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There is nothing better from your clothing than the white, therefore wear it and enshroud your deceased in it’’.[92]
وَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يُحْرِمُ الرَّجُلُ فِي الثَّوْبِ الْأَسْوَدِ
And from Al-Husayn Bin Al Mukhtar who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Can the man wear Ihraam in the black cloth?’
فَقَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ فِي الثَّوْبِ الْأَسْوَدِ وَ لَا يُكَفَّنُ بِهِ الْمَيِّتُ.
He-asws said: ‘It is not allowed in the black cloth, nor enshroud the deceased with it’’.[93]
32- جُنَّةُ الْأَمَانِ، لِلْكَفْعَمِيِّ عَنِ السَّجَّادِ زَيْنِ الْعَابِدِينَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: نَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فِي بَعْضِ غَزَوَاتِهِ وَ عَلَيْهِ جَوْشَنٌ ثَقِيلٌ آلَمَهُ ثِقْلُهُ
(The book) ‘Junnat Al Amaan’ of Al Kafamy –
‘From Al-Sajjad Zayn Al-Abideen-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Jibraeel-as descended unto the Prophet-saww during one of his-saww military expeditions, and upon him-saww was a heavy armour, its weight was painful.
فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ رَبُّكَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ اخْلَعْ هَذَا الْجَوْشَنَ وَ اقْرَأْ هَذَا الدُّعَاءَ فَهُوَ أَمَانٌ لَكَ وَ لِأُمَّتِكَ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ مَنْ كَتَبَهُ عَلَى كَفَنِهِ اسْتَحْيَا اللَّهُ أَنْ يُعَذِّبَهُ بِالنَّارِ
He-as said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Your-saww Lord-azwj Conveys the greeting to you-saww and says to you-as: “For you-saww is to take off this armour, and recite this supplication, so it would be a safety for you and for your-saww community’ – and continued the Hadeeth up to he-saww said: ‘And one writes it upon his shroud, Allah-azwj will be Embarrassed from Punishing him with the Fire!’
وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع أَوْصَانِي أَبِي ع بِحِفْظِ هَذَا الدُّعَاءِ وَ تَعْظِيمِهِ وَ أَنْ أَكْتُبَهُ عَلَى كَفَنِهِ وَ أَنْ أُعَلِّمَهُ أَهْلِي وَ أَحُثَّهُمْ عَلَيْهِ
And he-asws continued the Hadeeth up to he-asws said: ‘Al-Husayn-asws bequeathed to my-asws father-asws with preserving this supplication, and revering it, and that I-asws should write it upon his-asws shroud, and that I-asws should teach it to my-asws family and urge them upon it’.
ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْجَوْشَنَ الْكَبِيرَ كَمَا سَيَأْتِي فِي كِتَابِ الدُّعَاءِ.
Then he-asws mentioned (the supplication) ‘Al-Jawshan Al-Kabeer’ just as I (Majlisi) shall be coming with it in the book of supplications’’.[94]
أَقُولُ رَوَاهُ فِي الْبَلَدِ الْأَمِينِ أَيْضاً بِهَذَا السَّنَدِ وَ زَادَ فِيهِ وَ مَنْ كَتَبَ فِي جَامٍ بِكَافُورٍ أَوْ مِسْكٍ ثُمَّ غَسَلَهُ وَ رَشَّهُ عَلَى كَفَنِ مَيِّتٍ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي قَبْرِهِ أَلْفَ نُورٍ وَ آمَنَهُ مِنْ هَوْلِ مُنْكَرٍ وَ نَكِيرٍ وَ رَفَعَ عَنْهُ عَذَابَ الْقَبْرِ وَ يَدْخُلُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ إِلَى قَبْرِهِ يُبَشِّرُونَهُ بِالْجَنَّةِ وَ يُوَسِّعُ عَلَيْهِ قَبْرَهُ مَدَّ بَصَرِهِ.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported in ‘Balad Al-Ameen’ as well with this chain and there is an increase in it: ‘And one who writes in in a bowl with camphor or musk, then washes it and sprinkles it upon the shroud of a deceased, Allah-azwj the Exalted will Send down in his grave a thousand lights, and Secure him from horrors of Munkar and Nakeer (questioning Angels), and Raise the punishment of the grave away from him, and every days seventy thousand Angels will be entering into his grave giving him glad tidings with the Paradise and there will be an expansion for him in his grave to the extent of his sight’’.[95]
و من الغرائب أن السيد بن طاوس قدس الله روحه بعد ما أورد الجوشن الصغير المفتتح بقوله إلهي كم من عدو انتضى علي سيف عداوته
And from the oddities is that the Seyyid Bin Tawoos, may Allah-azwj Sanctify his soul, after having reported (the supplication) ‘Al-Jawshan Al-Sagheer’, began with his words, ‘My-azwj God‑azwj! How many enemies have attached me with the swords of their enmity’.
فِي كِتَابِ مُهَجِ الدَّعَوَاتِ، قَالَ خَبَرُ دُعَاءِ الْجَوْشَنِ وَ فَضْلُهُ وَ مَا لِقَارِئِهِ وَ حَامِلِهِ مِنَ الثَّوَابِ بِحَذْفِ الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ مَوْلَانَا وَ سَيِّدِنَا مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ وَ ذَكَرَ نَحْواً مِمَّا رَوَاهُ الْكَفْعَمِيُّ فِي فَضْلِ الْجَوْشَنِ الْكَبِيرِ
In the book ‘Muhad Al-Dawaat’, he said, ‘Best of supplications is ‘Al-Jawshan’, and it’s merits and what Rewards are there for its reciter, and its bearer, with the deleted chain from our Master-asws and our Chief Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather‑asws, from his-asws father-asws Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, (from) Ali Amir Al-Momineen-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws altogether, and he mentioned approximate to what has been reported by Al-Kafamy regarding merits of ‘Al-Jawshan Al-Kabeer’.
وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ لَوْ كَتَبَ إِنْسَانٌ هَذَا الدُّعَاءَ فِي جَامٍ بِكَافُورٍ وَ مِسْكٍ وَ غَسَلَهُ وَ رَشَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى كَفَنِ مَيِّتٍ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فِي قَبْرِهِ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ نُورٍ وَ يَدْفَعُ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ هَوْلَ مُنْكَرٍ وَ نَكِيرٍ وَ يَأْمَنُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ
And he-asws continued the Hadeeth up to he-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as said: ‘O Prophet-saww of Allah‑azwj! If a person were to write this supplication in a bowl with camphor, and musk, and washes it and sprinkles that upon the shroud of a deceased, Allah-azwj will Send down one hundred thousand lights into his grave, and Repel from him the horrors of Munkar and Nakeer (questioning Angels), and Secure him from punishment of the grave.
وَ يَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فِي قَبْرِهِ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ مَعَ كُلِّ مَلَكٍ طَبَقٌ مِنَ النُّورِ يَنْثُرُونَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَحْمِلُونَهُ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَ يَقُولُونَ لَهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَمَرَنَا بِهَذَا وَ نُؤْنِسُكَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
And Allah-azwj will Send seventy thousand Angels into his grave, there will be a tray of light with each Angel. They will be sprinkling upon him and carrying him to the Paradise, and they would be saying to him: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted has Commanded us with this and we should be comforting you up to the Day of Qiyamah’.
وَ يُوَسِّعُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ قَبْرَهُ مَدَّ بَصَرِهِ وَ يَفْتَحُ لَهُ بَاباً إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَ يُوَسِّدُونَهُ مِثْلَ الْعَرُوسِ فِي حَجَلَتِهَا مِنْ حُرْمَةِ هَذَا الدُّعَاءِ وَ عَظَمَتِهِ وَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِنَّنِي أَسْتَحْيِي مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَكُونُ هَذَا الدُّعَاءُ عَلَى كَفَنِهِ
And Allah-azwj will Expand his grave unto him and Open for him a door to the Paradise, and they will be cushioning him like the bride in her dressing room, from the sanctity of this supplication and its magnificent, and Allah-azwj the Exalted will Say: “I-azwj am Embarrassed from a servant this supplication happens to be upon his shroud!”
وَ سَاقَهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا أَوْصَانِي أَبِي أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَصِيَّةً عَظِيمَةً بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ وَ قَالَ لِي يَا بُنَيَّ اكْتُبْ هَذَا الدُّعَاءَ عَلَى كَفَنِي وَ قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع
And he-asws continued up to his-asws words: ‘Al-Husayn Bin Ali-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah‑azwj be upon them-asws both, said: ‘My-asws father-asws Amir Al-Momineen-asws bequeathed to me‑asws is a mighty bequest with this supplication, and he-asws said to me-asws: ‘O my-asws son-asws! Write this supplication upon my-asws shroud’.
فَعَلْتُ كَمَا أَمَرَنِي أَبِي ع.
And Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘I-asws did just as my-asws father-asws had instructed me-asws’’.[96]
33- الْبَلَدُ الْأَمِينُ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: مَنْ جَعَلَ هَذَا الدُّعَاءَ فِي كَفَنِهِ شَهِدَ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُ وَفَى بِعَهْدِهِ وَ يُكْفَى مُنْكَراً وَ نَكِيراً وَ تَحُفُّهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ شِمَالِهِ بِالْوِلْدَانِ وَ الْحُورِ وَ يُجْعَلُ فِي أَعْلَى عِلِّيِّينَ
(The book) ‘Al Balad Al Ameen’ –
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘One who makes this supplication to be in his shroud, it will be testified for him in the Presence of Allah-azwj that he has been loyal with His-azwj Covenant, and he would sufficed of Munkar and Nakeer (questioning Angels), and the Angels will surround him on his right and on his left with the young boys and the Houries, and he will be made to be in the lofty illiyeen.
وَ يُبْنَى لَهُ بَيْتٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ مِنْ لُؤْلُؤَةٍ بَيْضَاءَ يُرَى بَاطِنُهَا مِنْ ظَاهِرِهَا وَ ظَاهِرُهَا مِنْ بَاطِنِهَا لَهَا مِائَةُ أَلْفِ بَابٍ وَ يُعْطَى مِائَةَ أَلْفِ مَدِينَةٍ إِلَى آخِرِ مَا سَيَأْتِي وَ هُوَ هَذَا الدُّعَاءُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ وَدُودٌ شَكُورٌ كَرِيمٌ وَفِيٌّ مَلِيٌّ إِلَى آخِرِ مَا سَيَأْتِي فِي كِتَابِ الدُّعَاءِ.
And a house will be built for him in the Paradise from white pears. Its interior will be seen from its exterior, and it’s exterior from it’s interior. There will be one hundred thousand doors for it, and he will be given one hundred thousand cities’ – up to the end of what I (Majlisi) shall bring, and it is this supplication: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful! O Allah-azwj! You-azwj are Praised, Glorified, Affectionate, Appreciative, Benevolent, Loyal, fulfilling’ – up to the end of what I (Majlisi) shall be coming with in the book of supplications’’.[97]
34- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَا سَقَطَ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ مِنْ عَظْمٍ أَوْ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ جُعِلَ فِي كَفَنِهِ وَ دُفِنَ بِهِ.
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Whatever falls off from a deceased, from a bone or other than that, make it to be in his shroud and to be buried with him’’.[98]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِذَا فُرِغَ مِنْ غُسْلِ الْمَيِّتِ نُشِّفَ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَ جُعِلَ الْكَافُورُ وَ الْحَنُوطُ فِي مَوَاضِعِ سُجُودِهِ جَبْهَتِهِ وَ أَنْفِهِ وَ يَدَيْهِ وَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ يُجْعَلُ ذَلِكَ فِي مَسَامِعِهِ وَ فِيهِ وَ لِحْيَتِهِ وَ صَدْرِهِ وَ حَنُوطُ الرَّجُلِ وَ الْمَرْأَةِ سَوَاءٌ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘When he is free from washing the deceased, dry in a towel and make the camphor and the embalming in places of his Sajdah(s) – his forehead, and his nose, and his hands, and his knees, and his legs, and make that to be in his ears, and his mouth, and his bead, and his chest; and embalming of the man and the woman is same’’.[99]
وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَرَى بِالْمِسْكِ فِي الْحَنُوطِ بَأْساً.
And from him-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws, he-asws did not see any problem with the musk in the embalming’’.[100]
وَ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: لَا يُحَنَّطُ الْمَيِّتُ بِزَعْفَرَانٍ وَ لَا وَرْسٍ وَ كَانَ لَا يَرَى بِتَجْمِيرِ الْمَيِّتِ بَأْساً وَ تَجْمِيرِ كَفَنِهِ وَ الْمَوْضِعِ الَّذِي يُغَسَّلُ فِيهِ وَ يُكَفَّنُ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘Neither embalm the deceased with saffron, nor dye plant’, and he-asws did not see any problem with incense burning at the deceased, and incense of his shroud, and the place which he is being washed and shrouded in’’.[101]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ يَمُوتُ مُحْرِماً قَالَ يُغَطَّى رَأْسُهُ وَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِ مَا يُصْنَعُ بِالْحِلِّ خَلَا أَنَّهُ لَا يُقَرَّبُ بِطِيبٍ.
And from Abu Ja’far-asws having been asked about the one in Ihraam dying in Ihraam. He-asws said: ‘Cover his head and do with what is done with the one not in Ihraam, apart from that do not bring the perfume near (to him)’’.[102]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ كَفَّنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فِي ثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ ثَوْبَيْنِ صُحَارِيَّيْنِ لَهُ وَ ثَوْبٍ يَمَنِيَّةٍ وَ إِزَارٍ وَ عِمَامَةٍ.
And from Ali-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was enshrouded in three clothes – two Suhareen clothes of his-saww and a Yemeni cloth, and a loin cloth, and a turban’’.[103]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: نِعْمَ الْكَفَنُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَثْوَابٍ قَمِيصٌ غَيْرُ مَزْرُورٍ وَ لَا مَكْفُوفٍ وَ لِفَافَةٌ وَ إِزَارٌ
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Best of the shroud is of three clothes – a shirt neither with buttons nor pockets, and a wrapping, and a loin cloth’.
وَ قَالَ أَوْصَى أَبِي أَنْ أُكَفِّنَهُ فِي ثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ أَحَدُهَا رِدَاءٌ حِبَرَةٌ كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِيهَا الْجُمُعَةَ وَ ثَوْبٌ آخَرُ وَ قَمِيصٌ.
And he-asws said: ‘My-asws father-asws had bequeathed to me that I-asws should enshroud him in three clothes – one of these is a cloak, a shawl he used to pray the Friday Salat in it, and another cloth, and a shirt’’.[104]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا بُدَّ مِنْ إِزَارٍ وَ عِمَامَةٍ وَ لَا يُعَدَّانِ فِي الْكَفَنِ.
And from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘There is no escape from a loin cloth, and a turban, and these two are not counted as being among the shroud’’.[105]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّ رَجُلًا كَانَ يُغَسِّلُ الْمَوْتَى سَأَلَهُ كَيْفَ يُعَمِّمُ الْمَيِّتَ
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws: ‘A man who used to wash the dead asked him-asws, ‘How does one turban the deceased?’
قَالَ لَا تُعَمِّمْهُ عِمَّةَ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ وَ لَكِنْ خُذِ الْعِمَامَةَ مِنْ وَسَطِهَا ثُمَّ انْشُرْهَا عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَ رُدَّهَا مِنْ تَحْتِ لِحْيَتِهِ وَ عَمِّمْهُ وَ أَرْخِ ذَيْلَيْهَا مَعَ صَدْرِهِ وَ اشْدُدْ عَلَى حَقْوَيْهِ [خِرْقَةً كَالْإِزَارِ] وَ أَنْعِمْ شَدَّهَا وَ افْرُشِ الْقُطْنَ تَحْتَ مَقْعَدَتِهِ لِئَلَّا يَخْرُجَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ وَ لَيْسَتِ الْعِمَامَةُ وَ لَا الْخِرْقَةُ مِنَ الْكَفَنِ وَ إِنَّمَا الْكَفَنُ مَا لُفَّ بِهِ الْبَدَنُ.
He-asws said: ‘Do not turban him a turban (style) of the Bedouins, but take the turban from its middle, then spread it upon his head, and return it from beneath his beard, and spread it and tie its tail with his chest, and tighten upon his loins, and tighten it well, and spread the cotton beneath his seat lest something emerges from it; and neither the turban nor the rag are from the shroud, and rather the shroud is what the body is wrapped with’’.[106]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص نَهَى أَنْ يُكَفَّنَ الرِّجَالُ فِي ثِيَابِ الْحَرِيرِ.
And from Ali-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww prohibited from enshrouding the man in silk cloth’’.[107]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يُجْعَلُ الْقُطْنُ فِي مَقْعَدَةِ الْمَيِّتِ لِئَلَّا يَبْدُوَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ وَ يُجْعَلُ مِنْهُ عَلَى فَرْجِهِ وَ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ يُخَمَّرُ رَأْسُ المَرْأَةِ بِخِمَارٍ وَ تَعَمَّمَ الرَّجُلُ.
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Make the cotton to be in the seat of the deceased let something from it appears, and make from it to be upon his private part, and between his legs, and veil upon the head of the woman with a scarf, and turban the man’’.[108]
وَ رُوِّينَا عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَفَّنَ حَمْزَةَ فِي نَمِرَةٍ سَوْدَاءَ.
And we are reporting from Ali-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww had shrouded Hamza-ra in a black cloak’’.[109]
وَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ كَفَّنَ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ فِي بُرْدٍ أَحْمَرَ.
And from Al-Hassan Bin Ali-asws, he-asws had enshrouded Usama Bin Zayd in a red cloak’’.[110]
وَ رُوِّينَا عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَوَّلُ مَا يُبْدَأُ بِهِ مِنْ تَرِكَةِ الْمَيِّتِ الْكَفَنُ ثُمَّ الدَّيْنُ ثُمَّ الْوَصِيَّةُ ثُمَّ الْمِيرَاثُ.
And we are reporting from Ali-asws having said: ‘The first of what is begun with from legacy of the deceased is the shroud, then the debts, then the bequest, then the inheritance’’.[111]
35- الْهِدَايَةُ، وَ يَقْطَعُ غَاسِلُ الْمَيِّتِ كَفَنَهُ يَبْدَأُ بِالنَّمَطِ فَيَبْسُطُهُ وَ يَبْسُطُ عَلَيْهِ الْحِبَرَةَ وَ يَنْثُرُ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئاً مِنَ الذَّرِيرَةِ وَ يَبْسُطُ الْإِزَارَ عَلَى الْحِبَرَةِ وَ يَنْثُرُ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئاً مِنَ الذَّرِيرَةِ وَ يُكْثِرُ مِنْهُ
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘And the washer of the deceased should cut his shroud, beginning with the style. He should spread it and spread the shawl upon, and scatter something from the powder upon it, and spread the loin cloth upon the shawl, and scatter something from the powder upon it, and let there be a lot from it.
وَ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى قَمِيصِهِ وَ إِزَارِهِ وَ حِبَرَتِهِ وَ الْجَرِيدَةِ فُلَانٌ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ يَلُفُّهَا جَمِيعاً وَ يُعِدُّ مِئْزَراً وَ يَأْخُذُ جَرِيدَتَيْنِ مِنَ النَّخْلِ خَضْرَاوَيْنِ رَطْبَتَيْنِ طُولُ كُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ قَدْرُ عَظْمِ الذِّرَاعِ.
And he should write upon his shirt and his loin cloth and shawl, and the branch, ‘So and so testifies that there is no god except Allah-azwj’, and wrap all of it, and wrap the apron, and take the two branches from the date tree, green, wet, and the length each one should be a measurement of the bone of the forearm’’.[112]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع السُّنَّةُ فِي الْكَافُورِ لِلْمَيِّتِ وَزْنُ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ دِرْهَماً وَ ثُلُثٍ وَ الْعِلَّةُ فِي ذَلِكَ أَنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ ع أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ص بِأُوقِيَّةِ كَافُورٍ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَجَعَلَهَا النَّبِيُّ ص ثَلَاثَةَ أَثْلَاثٍ ثُلُثاً لَهُ وَ ثُلُثاً لِعَلِيٍّ وَ ثُلُثاً لِفَاطِمَةَ
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘The Sunnah regarding the camphor for the deceased is the weight of thirteen Dirhams and a third, and the reason in that is that Jibraeel-as had come to the Prophet‑saww with (forty) ounces of camphor from the Paradise. The Prophet-saww made it to be in three thirds – a third for himself-saww, and a third for Ali-asws, and a third for (Syeda) Fatima-asws.
فَمَنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى وَزْنِ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ دِرْهَماً وَ ثُلُثٍ كَافُوراً حَنَّطَ الْمَيِّتَ بِأَرْبَعَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ فَمِثْقَالٍ وَاحِدَةٍ لَا أَقَلَّ مِنْهُ لِمَنْ وَجَدَهُ.
The one who is not able upon the weight of thirteen Dirhams and a third of camphor, should embalm the deceased with four Dirhams (in weight). If he is not able, then one ounce, not less than it, for the one who can find it’’.[113]
36- مِصْبَاحُ الْأَنْوَارِ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ع كُفِّنَتْ فِي سَبْعَةِ أَثْوَابٍ.
(The book) ‘Misbah Al Anwaar’ –
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws was enshrouded in seven clothes’’.[114]
وَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَفَّنَ فَاطِمَةَ ع فِي سَبْعَةِ أَثْوَابٍ.
And from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Al Munkadir,
‘Ali-asws enshrouded (Syeda) Fatima-asws in seven clothes’’.[115]
وَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا حَضَرَتْ فَاطِمَةَ الْوَفَاةُ دَعَتْ بِمَاءٍ فَاغْتَسَلَتْ ثُمَّ دَعَتْ بِطِيبٍ فَتَحَنَّطَتْ بِهِ ثُمَّ دَعَتْ بِأَثْوَابِ كَفَنِهَا
And from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Aqeel who said,
‘When the expiry presented to (Syeda) Fatima-asws, she-asws called for water. She-asws washed, then called for perfume. She-asws applied (embalmed) it. Then she-asws called for clothes of her‑asws shroud.
فَأُتِيَتْ بِأَثْوَابٍ غِلَاظٍ خَشِنَةٍ فَتَلَفَّفَتْ بِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَتْ إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ فَادْفِنُونِي كَمَا أَنَا وَ لَا تُغَسِّلُونِي
She-asws was brought thick clothes, coarse. She-asws wrapped with it, then said: ‘When I-asws am dead, then bury me-asws just as I-asws am, and do not wash me-asws’.
فَقُلْتُ هَلْ شَهِدَ مَعَكِ ذَلِكِ أَحَدٌ
I said, ‘Did anyone witness that with you?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ شَهِدَ كَثِيرُ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَ كَتَبَ فِي أَطْرَافِ كَفَنِهَا كَثِيرُ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ تَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص.
He said, ‘Yes, Kaseer Bin Abbas witnessed, and Kaseer Bin Abbas wrote in her-asws shroud: ‘She‑asws testifies that there is no god except Allah-azwj, and Muhammad-saww is Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj’’.[116] (Contradictory and not a Hadith)
37- كِتَابُ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ سَلَّامِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلَ عَبَّادٌ الْبَصْرِيُّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِيمَا كُفِّنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ فِي ثَوْبَيْنِ صُحَارِيَّيْنِ وَ بُرْدٍ حِبَرَةٍ الْخَبَرَ.
The book of Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Sallam Bin Saeed who said,
‘Abbad Al Basry asked Abu Abdullah-asws what Rasool-Allah-saww had been enshrouded in. He‑asws said: ‘In two Suhareen clothes, and cloak shawl’ – the Hadeeth’’.[117]
38- كِتَابُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شُرَيْحٍ عَنْ ذَرِيحٍ الْمُحَارِبِيِّ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مَرَّ عَلَى قَبْرِ قَيْسِ بْنِ فَهْدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ وَ هُوَ يُعَذَّبُ فِيهِ فَسَمِعَ صَوْتَهُ فَوَضَعَ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ جَرِيدَتَيْنِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ لِمَ وَضَعْتَهَا
The book of Muhammad Bin Al Musanna, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Shureyh, from Zareeh Al Muhariby, from Umar Bin Hanzala,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww passed by the grave of Qays Bin Fahd Al-Ansari, and he was being tormented in it. He-saww heard his voice, so he-saww placed two branches upon his grave. It was said to him-saww, ‘Why did you-saww place these?’
قَالَ يُخَفَّفُ مَا كَانَتَا خَضْرَاوَيْنِ.
He-saww said: ‘It (punishment) will be lightened for as long as these are green’’.[118]
باب 10 وجوب الصلاة على الميت و عللها و آدابها و أحكامها
CHAPTER 10 – OBLIGATION OF THE SALAT UPON THE DECEASED, AND ITS REASON, AND ITS ETIQUETTES, AND ITS RULINGS
1- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُهَاجِرِ عَنْ أُمِّهِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ خَرَجْتُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَصَحِبَتْنِي امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْمُرْجِئَةِ فَلَمَّا أَتَيْنَا الرَّبَذَةَ أَحْرَمَ النَّاسُ وَ أَحْرَمْتُ مَعَهُمْ فَأَخَّرْتُ إِحْرَامِي إِلَى الْعَقِيقِ
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Ali Bin Hatim, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Al Abbas Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muhammad Bin Al Muhajir,
‘From his mother Umm Salama having said: ‘I went out to Makkah and a woman from the Murjiites accompanied me. When we came to Al-Rabza, the people wore the Ihraam and I wore Ihraam along with them. I delayed my Ihraam to Al-Aqeeq.
فَقَالَتْ يَا مَعْشَرَ الشِّيعَةِ تُخَالِفُونَ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ يُحْرِمُ النَّاسُ مِنَ الرَّبَذَةِ وَ تُحْرِمُونَ مِنَ الْعَقِيقِ وَ كَذَلِكَ تُخَالِفُونَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ يُكَبِّرُ النَّاسُ أَرْبَعاً وَ تُكَبِّرُونَ خَمْساً وَ هِيَ تَشْهَدُ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَنَّ التَّكْبِيرَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ أَرْبَعٌ
She said, ‘O community of Shias! You are opposing regarding all things! The people wore the Ihraam from Al-Rabza, and you (Shias) are wearing Ihraam from Al-Aqeeq, and like that you are opposing regarding the Salat upon the deceased. The people are exclaiming four Takbeers while you (Shias) are exclaiming five!’ And she testified upon Allah-azwj that the exclamation of the Takbeer upon the decease are four.
قَالَتْ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ صَحِبْتَنِي امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْمُرْجِئَةِ فَقَالَتْ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمَقَالَتِهَا
She said, ‘I entered to see Abu Abdullah-asws. I said to him-asws, ‘May Allah-saww Keep you-asws well! A woman from the Murjiites accompanied me. She said such and such!’ And I informed him with her words.
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ كَبَّرَ فَتَشَهَّدَ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ فَصَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ دَعَا ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ وَ اسْتَغْفَرَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ فَدَعَا لِلْمَيِّتِ ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ وَ يَنْصَرِفُ
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘It was so, whenever Rasool-Allah-saww prayed Salat upon the deceased, he-saww exclaimed Takbeer. He-saww testified, then exclaimed Takbeer. He-azwj sent Salawaat upon the Prophet-saww and supplication, then exclaimed Takbeer, and sought Forgiveness for the Momineen and the Mominaat, then exclaimed Takbeer. He-saww supplicated for the deceased, then he-saww exclaimed Takbeer and he-saww left.
فَلَمَّا نَهَاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمُنَافِقِينَ كَبَّرَ فَتَشَهَّدَ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ فَصَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ فَدَعَا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ الرَّابِعَةَ وَ انْصَرَفَ وَ لَمْ يَدْعُ لِلْمَيِّتِ.
When Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Prohibited him-saww the Salat upon the hypocrites, he-saww exclaimed Takbeer, so he-saww testified, then he-saww exclaimed Takbeer, he-saww sent Salawaat upon the Prophet-saww, then he-saww exclaimed Takbeer, he-saww supplicated for the Momineen and the Mominaat, then he-saww exclaimed the fourth Takbeer and he-saww left, and did not supplicate for the deceased’’.[119]
2- الْخِصَالُ، وَ الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يَا بَا بَكْرٍ تَدْرِي كَمِ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’, (and) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, and from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Usman Bin Abdul Malik, from Abu Bakr Al Hazramy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘O Abu Bakr! Do you know how may (Takbeers are exclaimed in) the Salat upon the deceased?’
قُلْتُ لَا
I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ خَمْسُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ
He-asws said: ‘Five Takbeers’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ فَتَدْرِي مِنْ أَيْنَ أُخِذَتْ
Then he-asws said: ‘Do you know where I-asws have taken it from?’
قُلْتُ لَا
I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ أُخِذَتِ الْخَمْسُ مِنَ الْخَمْسِ صَلَوَاتٍ مِنْ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ تَكْبِيرَةٌ.
He-asws said: ‘I-asws took the five from the five (daily) Salats, one Takbeer from each Salat’’.[120]
3- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَرَضَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ خَمْساً وَ جَعَلَ لِلْمَيِّتِ مِنْ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Saffar, from Al Fazl Bin Aamir, from Musa Bin Al Qasim, from Suleyman Bin Ja’far Al Ja’fari, from his father,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj has Imposed five from the Salats, and Made one Takbeer from each Salat for the deceased’’.[121]
4- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَنْ عَمِّهِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ نُكَبِّرُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ وَ يُكَبِّرُ مُخَالِفُونَا أَرْبَعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Ali Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Musa Bin Imran, from his uncle Al-Husayn Bin Yazeed, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘For which reason do we except five Takbeers upon the deceased while the adversaries are exclaiming four Takbeers?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّ الدَّعَائِمَ الَّتِي بُنِيَ عَلَيْهَا الْإِسْلَامُ خَمْسٌ الصَّلَاةُ وَ الزَّكَاةُ وَ الصَّوْمُ وَ الْحَجُّ وَ الْوَلَايَةُ لَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ كُلِّ دِعَامَةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً وَ إِنَّكُمْ أَقْرَرْتُمْ بِالْخَمْسِ كُلِّهَا وَ أَقَرَّ مُخَالِفُوكُمْ بِأَرْبَعٍ وَ أَنْكَرُوا وَاحِدَةً فَمِنْ ذَاكَ يُكَبِّرُونَ عَلَى مَوْتَاهُمْ أَرْبَعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ وَ تُكَبِّرُونَ خَمْساً.
He-asws said: ‘Because the pillars which Al Islam is built upon are five – the Salat, and the Zakat, and the fasts, and the Hajj, and the Wilayah for us-asws, People-asws of the Household. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Made one Takbeer from each pillar, and you (Shias) are acknowledging with the five, all of them, while the adversaries are acknowledging with four and they are denying one. Thus, from that, they are exclaiming four Takbeers upon their dead while you (Shias) are exclaiming five’’.[122]
5- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُكَبِّرُ عَلَى قَوْمٍ خَمْساً وَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ أَرْبَعاً فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ أَرْبَعاً اتُّهِمَ الرَّجُلُ.
And from him, from his father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww used to exclaim five Takbeers, and four upon a group (hypocrites). When he-saww exclaimed four, the man was accused (of being a hypocrite)’’.[123]
6- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هَيْثَمٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ خَطَّابٍ الْحَلَّالِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ قَالَ: خَرَجْنَا مِنْ مَكَّةَ فَدَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَذَكَرَ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ فَقَالَ كَانَ يُعْرَفُ الْمُؤْمِنُ وَ الْمُنَافِقُ بِتَكْبِيرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ خَمْساً وَ عَلَى الْمُنَافِقِ أَرْبَعاً.
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Attar, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Malik, from Ahmad Bin Haysam, from Ali Bin Khattab Al Hallal, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Humran who said,
‘We went out from Makkah and we entered to see Abu Abdullah-asws. He-asws mentioned the Salat upon the deceased. He-asws said: ‘The Momin and the hypocrite were recognised by the (number of) Takbeers by Rasool-Allah-saww – five upon the Momin and four upon the hypocrite’’.[124]
7- الْعُيُونُ، وَ الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ النَّضْرِ قَالَ قَالَ الرِّضَا ع مَا الْعِلَّةُ فِي التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ خَمْسُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ
(The books) ‘Al Uyoun’, and ‘Al Ilal’ – from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al-Hassan Bin Al Nazar who said,
‘Al-Reza-asws said: ‘What is the reason regarding the exclamation of Takbeer upon the deceased being five Takbeers?’
قُلْتُ رَوَوْا أَنَّهَا قَدِ اشْتُقَّتْ مِنْ خَمْسِ صَلَوَاتٍ
I said, ‘They are reporting that it has been derived from the five (daily) Salats’.
فَقَالَ هَذَا ظَاهِرُ الْحَدِيثِ فَأَمَّا بَاطِنُهُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَرَضَ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ خَمْسَ فَرَائِضَ الصَّلَاةَ وَ الزَّكَاةَ وَ الصِّيَامَ وَ الْحَجَّ وَ الْوَلَايَةَ فَجَعَلَ لِلْمَيِّتِ مِنْ كُلِّ فَرِيضَةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً وَاحِدَةً فَمَنْ قَبِلَ الْوَلَايَةَ كَبَّرَ خَمْساً وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَقْبَلِ الْوَلَايَةَ كَبَّرَ أَرْبَعاً فَمِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ تُكَبِّرُونَ خَمْساً وَ مَنْ خَالَفَكُمْ يُكَبِّرُ أَرْبَعاً.
He-asws said: ‘This is the apparent of the Hadeeth. As for it’s esoteric, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Imposed five Impositions upon the servants – the Salat, and the Zakat, and the Hajj, and the Wilayah, so He-azwj Made one Takbeer to be from each of the Impositions. The one who accepts the Wilayah will exclaim five Takbeers, and one who does not accept the Wilayah will explain four. Thus, for that reason, you (Shias) are exclaiming five Takbeers while the ones opposing you are exclaiming four Takbeers’’.[125]
8- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَوْزَاءِ قَالَ: الْأَغْلَفُ لَا يَؤُمُّ الْقَوْمَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَقْرَأَهُمْ لِأَنَّهُ ضَيَّعَ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ أَعْظَمَهَا وَ لَا تُقْبَلُ لَهُ شَهَادَةٌ وَ لَا تُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ إِذَا مَاتَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ تَرَكَ ذَلِكَ خَوْفاً عَلَى نَفْسِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Abu Al Jowza’a who said,
‘The uncircumcised cannot lead the people (in Salat) and even if he were to be their most well-read, because he has wasted from the Sunnah, it’s mighty one, and neither will a testimony be accepted for him, nor should Salat be prayed upon him when he dies, except if he happens to have neglected that out of fear upon himself’’.[126]
9- الْعِلَلُ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا رَفَعَهُ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمْ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مَاتَ رَجُلٌ وَ عَلَيْهِ دِينَارَانِ فَأُخْبِرَ النَّبِيُّ ص فَأَبَى أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنَّمَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ لِكَيْلَا يَجْتَرِءُوا عَلَى الدَّيْنِ
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Al-Husayn Bin Ahmad, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from one of our companions raising it,
‘From one of them-asws having said: ‘A man died in the era of Rasool-Allah-saww and there were two Dinars (debt) upon him. The Prophet-saww was informed. He-saww refused to pray Salat upon him, and rather he-saww did that lest they would be audacious upon (being in) debt’.
وَ قَالَ قَدْ مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ مَاتَ الْحَسَنُ ع وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ وَ قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ.
And he-asws said: ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww had died and there were debts upon him-saww, and Al-Hassan-asws died and there were debts upon him-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws was killed and there were debts upon him-asws’’.[127]
10- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مِهْزَمٍ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: صَلِّ عَلَى مَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ حِسَابُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkil, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Himeyri, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn Bin Abu Al Khattab, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ibrahim Bin Mihzam, from Talha Bin Zayd,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Pray Salat upon the one from the people of Qiblah (Muslims) who dies, and his Reckoning is upon Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[128]
11- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْقَطَّانِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ السُّكَّرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا مَاتَتْ زَوْجُهَا وَ إِذَا مَاتَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَقَفَ الْمُصَلِّي عَلَيْهَا عِنْدَ صَدْرِهَا وَ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ahmad Al Qattan, from Al-Hassan Al Sukary, from Muhammad Bin Zakariya, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Umarah, from his father, from Jabir Al Jufy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The most rightful of the people with praying the Salat upon the woman when she dies is her husband; and when the woman died, the praying one should stand at her by her chest; and from the man when he prays upon her, by his head.
وَ إِذَا أُدْخِلَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ الْقَبْرَ وَقَفَ زَوْجُهَا فِي مَوْضِعٍ يَتَنَاوَلُ وَرِكَهَا وَ لَا شَفِيعَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْجَحُ عِنْدَ رَبِّهَا مِنْ رِضَا زَوْجِهَا
And when the woman is entered into the grave, her husband should stand in a place where he can reach her hip, and there is no intercessor for the woman more successful in Presence of her Lord-azwj and satisfaction of her husband.
وَ لَمَّا مَاتَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع قَامَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي رَاضٍ عَنِ ابْنَةِ نَبِيِّكَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهَا قَدْ أُوحِشَتْ فَآنِسْهَا اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهَا قَدْ هُجِرَتْ فَصِلْهَا اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهَا قَدْ ظُلِمَتْ فَاحْكُمْ لَهَا وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْحَاكِمِينَ.
And when (Syeda) Fatima-asws passed away, Amir Al-Momineen-asws stood and said: ‘O Allah‑azwj! I-asws am satisfied from the daughter-asws of Your-azwj Prophet-saww! O Allah-azwj! She‑asws is lonely in her-asws grave, so Comfort her-asws. O Allah-azwj! She-asws has been abandoned, so Connect with her-asws. O Allah-azwj! She-asws has been oppressed, so Judge for her-asws, and You-azwj are best of the judges’’.[129]
12- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ السِّمْطِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا قُبِضَ آدَمُ ع غَسَّلَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ ثُمَّ وُضِعَ فَتَقَدَّمَ هِبَةُ اللَّهِ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ خَلْفَهُ وَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يُكَبِّرَ عَلَيْهِ خَمْساً وَ أَنْ يَسُلَّهُ وَ أَنْ يُسَوِّيَ قَبْرَهُ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, and Ahmad Bin Abdullah, from Al-Hassan Bin Fazzal, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub, from Sufyan Bin Al Simt,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Adam-as passed away, the Angels washed him-as. Then he-as was placed, so Hibatullah-as came forward and prayed Salat upon him and the Angels were behind him-as, and Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to him-as to exclaim five Takbeers upon him-as, and to gently place him-as in the grave and even his-as grave’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ هَكَذَا فَاصْنَعُوا بِمَوْتَاكُمْ.
Then he-asws said: ‘That is how you should do with your deceased’’.[130]
13- الْخِصَالُ، وَ الْعُيُونُ، وَ تَفْسِيرُ الْإِمَامِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْأَسْتَرْآبَادِيِّ عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِنَعْيِ النَّجَاشِيِّ بَكَى بُكَاءَ حَزِينٍ عَلَيْهِ
(The books) ‘Al Khisaal’, and ‘Al Uyoun’, and ‘Tafseer Al Imam-asws’ – from Muhammad Bin Al Qasim Al Astarabady, from Yusuf Bi Ziyad, from his father,
‘From Abu Muhammad Al-Askari-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww, when Jibraeel-as came to him-saww with obituary of Al-Najashi. He-saww cried the crying of the one grieving upon him’.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّ أَخَاكُمْ أَصْحَمَةَ مَاتَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْجَبَّانَةِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ كَبَّرَ سَبْعاً فَخَفَضَ اللَّهُ لَهُ كُلَّ مُرْتَفِعٍ حَتَّى رَأَى جِنَازَتَهُ وَ هُوَ بِالْحَبَشَةِ.
And he-asws said: ‘Your brother of As’hamat (Najash) has died!’ Then he-saww went out to Al-Jabbana (graveyard) and prayed Salat upon him and exclaimed seven Takbeers. Allah-azwj Lowered every high place for him-saww until he-saww saw his dead body while he was in Ethiopia’’.[131]
بيان: و قد ورد هذا في أخبار أهل البيت ع رَوَى الشَّيْخُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ فَالنَّجَاشِيُّ لَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ص فَقَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا دَعَا لَهُ.
Explanation – And this has been referred in Ahadeeth of People-asws of the Household – It is reported by the sheykh, from Muhammad Bin Muslim and Zurara who said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Al-Najashi, the Prophet-saww did not pray Salat upon him’. He-asws said: ‘But rather he-saww supplicated for him’’.
14- الْعُيُونُ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُبْدُوسٍ عَنِ ابْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع فِيمَا كَتَبَ لِلْمَأْمُونِ مِنْ شَرَائِعِ الدِّينِ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ خَمْسُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ فَمَنْ نَقَصَ فَقَدْ خَالَفَ وَ الْمَيِّتُ يُسَلُّ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ يُرْفَقُ بِهِ إِذَا أُدْخِلَ قَبْرَهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Uyoun’ – from Ibn Ubdous, from Ibn Quteyba, from Al Fazl Bin Shazan,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, among what he-asws wrote for Al-Mamoun from the laws of religion: ‘The Salat upon the deceased is of five Takbeers. The one who reduces, so he has opposed, and the deceased should be gently placed from the direction of his legs and be gentle with him when he is entered into his grave’’.[132]
15- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ يُصَلِّي عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ إِلَّا أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مُنَافِقاً أَوْ عَاقّاً الْخَبَرَ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from Ahmad Al Barqy, from Ali Bin Al-Husayn Al Barqy, from Abdullah Bin Jabalah, from Muawiya Bin Ammar, from Al-Hassan Bin Abdullah, from his father,
‘From his grandfather Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There is none from a Momin praying Salat upon the deceased except Allah-azwj Obligated the Paradise for him, except if he happens to be a hypocrite or disloyal to the parents’ – the Hadeeth’’.[133]
16- وَ مِنْهُ، فِي خَبَرِ الْمَنَاهِي قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَى مَيِّتٍ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ وَ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ فَإِنْ أَقَامَ حَتَّى يُدْفَنَ وَ يُحْثَى عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابُ كَانَ لَهُ بِكُلِّ قَدَمٍ نَقَلَهَا قِيرَاطٌ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ وَ الْقِيرَاطُ مِثْلُ جَبَلِ أُحُدٍ.
And from him-asws, in a Hadeeth of the prohibition, said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who prays Salat upon a deceased, seventy thousand Angels send Salawaat upon him and Allah-azwj will Forgive for him whatever have preceded from his sins. If he were to stand until he is buried and pours the soil upon him, there would be for him with every step he takes, a Qeyrat from the Recompense, and the Qeyrat is like mount Ohad’’.[134]
17- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع أَرْبَعُ صَلَوَاتٍ يُصَلِّيهَا الرَّجُلُ فِي كُلِّ سَاعَةٍ صَلَاةٌ فَاتَتْكَ فَمَتَى ذَكَرْتَهَا أَدَّيْتَهَا وَ صَلَاةُ رَكْعَتَيْ طَوَافِ الْفَرِيضَةِ وَ صَلَاةُ الْكُسُوفِ وَ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ هَؤُلَاءِ يُصَلِّيهِنَّ الرَّجُلُ فِي السَّاعَاتِ كُلِّهَا.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from hammad Bin Isa, from Hareez, from Zurara who said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Four Salats, the man should pray these every time – a Salat missed out, so when you remember it, you should fulfil it, and a Salt of two Cycles Tawaaf of the obligatory Tawaaf, and Salat of the eclipse, and the Salat upon the deceased. The man can pray these in all the timings’’.[135]
18- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص صَلَّى عَلَى جِنَازَةٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْهَا جَاءَ قَوْمٌ لَمْ يَكُونُوا أَدْرَكُوهَا فَكَلَّمُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُعِيدَ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ قَدْ قَضَيْتُ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَكِنِ ادْعُوا لَهَا.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – from Al-Hassan Bin Tareyf, from Al-Husayn Bin Ulwan,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww prayed Salat upon a deceased woman. When he-saww was free from it, a group which had not attended it. They spoke to Rasool-Allah-azwj to repeat the Salat upon her. He-saww said to them: ‘I-saww have already fulfilled the Salat upon her, but I-saww shall supplicate for her’’.[136]
19- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص صَلَّى عَلَى جِنَازَةٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ جَاءَهُ نَاسٌ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَمْ نُدْرِكِ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَ لَا تُصَلُّوا عَلَى جَنَازَةٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَ لَكِنِ ادْعُوا لَهَا.
And from him, from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakhtary,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww prayed Salat upon a deceased woman. When he-saww was free, some people came and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah‑saww! We did not attend the Salat upon her!’ He-saww said: ‘You cannot pray Salat upon a deceased twice, but I-saww shall supplicate for her’’.[137]
20- نَهْجُ الْبَلَاغَةِ، وَ الْإِحْتِجَاجُ، عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِيمَا كَتَبَ فِي جَوَابِ مُعَاوِيَةَ مِنَ الْمُفَاخَرَةِ قَالَ ع إِنَّ قَوْماً اسْتُشْهِدُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ لِكُلٍّ فَضْلٌ حَتَّى إِذَا اسْتُشْهِدَ شَهِيدُنَا قِيلَ سَيِّدُ الشُّهَدَاءِ وَ خَصَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهُ بِسَبْعِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً عِنْدَ صَلَاتِهِ عَلَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’, and ‘Al Ihtijaj’ –
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws, among what he-asws wrote in answer to Muawiya, about the priding. He-asws said: ‘A group from the Emigrants were martyred in the Way of Allah-azwj, and for each was a merit, to the extent that when our martyr (Hamza-as) was martyred, it is said, ‘Chief of the martyrs’, and Rasool-Allah-saww had particularised him-as with seventy exclamations of Takbeer during his-saww Salat upon him-as’’.[138]
21- الْعُيُونُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الشَّاهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّيْسَابُورِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الطَّائِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْخُوزِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْهَرَوِيِّ وَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأُشْنَانِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَهْرَوَيْهِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ص كَبَّرَ عَلَى حَمْزَةَ سَبْعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ وَ كَبَّرَ عَلَى الشُّهَدَاءِ بَعْدَ حَمْزَةَ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ فَلَحِقَ حَمْزَةَ سَبْعُونَ تَكْبِيرَةً.
(The book) ‘Al Uyoun’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Shah, from Abu Bakr Bin Abdullah Al Neshapuri, from Abdullah Bin Ahmad Al Taie, from his father, and from Ahmad Bin Ibrahim Al Khowzy, from Ibrahim Bin Marwan, from Ja’far Bin Ziyad, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah Al Harwy, and from Al Husyan Bin Muhammad Al Ashnany, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Mahrawiya, from Dawood Bin Suleyman, altogether,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘I‑asws saw the Prophet-saww exclaim Takbeers upon Hamza with seven Takbeer, and he-saww exclaimed Takbeer upon the martyrs after Hamza-ra, seven (five) Takbeers, so Hamza-ra was connected with seventy Takbeers’’.[139]
22- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْرُورٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَبَايَةَ بْنِ رِبْعِيٍّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: أَقْبَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص بَاكِياً وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masrour, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al Himeyri, from his father, from Ahmad Al Barqy, from his father, from Khalaf Bin Hammad, from Abu Al-Hassan Al Abdy, from Al Amsh, from Abaya Bin Rabie, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘One day Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws came to the Prophet-saww weeping and he-asws was saying: ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَهْ يَا عَلِيُّ
Rasool-Allah-saww said to him-asws: ‘O Ali (as)!’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَاتَتْ أُمِّي فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ أَسَدٍ
Ali-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww, my-asws mother-as (Syeda) Fatima-asws Bint Asad-as passed away!’
قَالَ فَبَكَى النَّبِيُّ ص ثُمَّ قَالَ ص رَحِمَ اللَّهُ أُمَّكَ يَا عَلِيُّ أَمَا إِنَّهَا إِنْ كَانَتْ لَكَ أُمّاً فَقَدْ كَانَتْ لِي أُمّاً خُذْ عِمَامَتِي هَذِهِ وَ خُذْ ثَوْبَيَّ هَذَيْنِ فَكَفِّنْهَا فِيهِمَا وَ مُرِ النِّسَاءَ فَلْيُحْسِنَّ غُسْلَهَا وَ لَا تُخْرِجْهَا حَتَّى أَجِيءَ فَأَلِيَ أَمْرَهَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘The Prophet-saww cried, then said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on your‑asws mother-as, O Ali-asws! But, even though she-as was a mother-as to you-asws, so she-as had been a mother-as for me-saww (as well)! Take this turban of mine-saww, and take these two clothes of mine-saww and enshroud her-as in these, and instructed the women, let them excel in washing her-as and do not bring her-as out until I-saww come, for her-as matter is up to me‑saww’.
قَالَ وَ أَقْبَلَ النَّبِيُّ ص بَعْدَ سَاعَةٍ وَ أُخْرِجَتْ فَاطِمَةُ أُمُّ عَلِيٍّ ع فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا النَّبِيُّ ص صَلَاةً لَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ قَبْلَهَا مِثْلَ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةِ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً ثُمَّ دَخَلَ إِلَى الْقَبْرِ فَتَمَدَّدَ فِيهِ فَلَمْ يُسْمَعْ لَهُ أَنِينٌ وَ لَا حَرَكَةٌ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And the Prophet-saww came after a while and Fatima-as, mother-as of Ali‑asws, was brought out. The Prophet-saww prayed such a Salat upon her-as, he-saww had prayed upon anyone before her-as like that Salat. Then he-saww exclaimed forty (40) Takbeers upon her-as. Then he-saww entered into the grave and lied down in it. Neither a groan nor movement was heard for him-saww.
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ ادْخُلْ يَا حَسَنُ ادْخُلْ فَدَخَلَا الْقَبْرَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِمَّا احْتَاجَ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ لَهُ يَا عَلِيُّ اخْرُجْ يَا حَسَنُ اخْرُجْ فَخَرَجَا
Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Enter, O (Abu Al-Hassan-asws, enter!’ They-asws both entered the grave. When he-saww was free from what he-saww was needy to him-asws for, said to him-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Go out, O (Abu Al-Hassan-asws, go out’. He-asws came out.
ثُمَّ زَحَفَ النَّبِيُّ ص حَتَّى صَارَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا فَاطِمَةُ أَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ سَيِّدُ وُلْدِ آدَمَ وَ لَا فَخْرَ فَإِنْ أَتَاكِ مُنْكَرٌ وَ نَكِيرٌ فَسَأَلَاكِ مَنْ رَبُّكِ فَقُولِي اللَّهُ رَبِّي وَ مُحَمَّدٌ نَبِيِّي وَ الْإِسْلَامُ دِينِي وَ الْقُرْآنُ كِتَابِي وَ ابْنِي إِمَامِي وَ وَلِيِّي
Then the Prophet-saww crawled until he-saww came to be by her-as head, then said: ‘O Fatima-as! I-saww Muhammad-saww am chief of children of Adam-as, and there is no pride. When Munkar and Nakeer (questioning Angels) come you-as and ask you-as who your-as Lord-azwj is, so say, ‘Allah-azwj is my-as Lord-azwj, Muhammad-saww is my-as Prophet-as, and Al-Islam is my-as religion, and the Quran is my-as Book, and my-as son-asws is my-as Imam-asws and my-as Guardian-asws’’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ ثَبِّتْ فَاطِمَةَ بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنْ قَبْرِهَا وَ حَثَا عَلَيْهَا حَثَيَاتٍ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى عَلَى الْيُسْرَى فَنَفَضَهُمَا ثُمَّ قَالَ ص وَ الَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لَقَدْ سَمِعَتْ فَاطِمَةُ تَصْفِيقَ يَمِينِي عَلَى شِمَالِي
Then he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Affirm Fatima-as with the firm word!’ Then he-saww came out from her-as grave and poured upon her-as (soil) three handfuls, then struck his-saww right hand upon the left and shook them, then he-saww said: ‘By the One-azwj in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad-saww! I-saww heard Fatima-as clasp my-saww right hand upon my-saww left’.
فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَقَالَ فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَ أُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ صَلَّيْتَ عَلَيْهَا صَلَاةً لَمْ تُصَلِّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ قَبْلَهَا مِثْلَ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةِ
Ammar Bin Yasser-ra stood up to him-saww. He-ra said, ‘By my-ra father-ra, and my-ra mother-ra, O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww have prayed such a Salat upon her-as, you-saww did not pray such upon anyone before her-as similar to that Salat!’
فَقَالَ ص يَا أَبَا الْيَقْظَانِ وَ أَهْلُ ذَلِكَ هِيَ مِنِّي لَقَدْ كَانَ لَهَا مِنْ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وُلْدٌ كَثِيرٌ وَ لَقَدْ كَانَ خَيْرُهُمْ كَثِيراً وَ كَانَ خَيْرُنَا قَلِيلًا فَكَانَتْ تُشْبِعُنِي وَ تُجِيعُهُمْ وَ تَكْسُونِي وَ تُعْرِيهِمْ وَ تُدَهِّنُنِي وَ تُشَعِّثُهُمْ
He-saww said: ‘O Abu Al-Yaqzaan, and she-as is deserving of that from me-saww. There were a lot of sons for her-as from Abu Talib-as, and their goodness was a lot, and our goodness was little. She-as used to satiate me-as while keeping them hungry, and she-as clothed me-saww and kept them bare, and she-as oiled me-as and kept them unkempt’.
قَالَ فَلِمَ كَبَّرْتَ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
He-ra said, ‘Why did you-saww exclaim forty Takbeers upon her-as, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’
قَالَ ص نَعَمْ يَا عَمَّارُ الْتَفَتُّ عَنْ يَمِينِي فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى أَرْبَعِينَ صَفّاً مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ فَكَبَّرْتُ لِكُلِّ صَفٍّ تَكْبِيرَةً
He-saww said: ‘Yes, O Ammar-ra! I-saww turned on my-saww right and looked at forty rows from the Angels, so I-saww exclaimed a Takbeer for each row’.
قَالَ فَتَمَدُّدُكَ فِي الْقَبْرِ فَلَمْ يُسْمَعْ لَكَ أَنِينٌ وَ لَا حَرَكَةٌ
He-ra said, ‘So (what about) your-saww lying down in the grave, and neither a groan nor movement was heard for you-saww?’
قَالَ إِنَّ النَّاسَ يُحْشَرُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عُرَاةً فَلَمْ أَزَلْ أَطْلُبُ إِلَى رَبِّي عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَبْعَثَهَا سَتِيرَةً
He-saww said: ‘The people will be Resurrected bare on the Day of Qiyamah, so I-saww did not cease to request to my-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic to Resurrect her-as covered.
وَ الَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ ص بِيَدِهِ مَا خَرَجْتُ مِنْ قَبْرِهَا حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ مِصْبَاحَيْنِ مِنْ نُورٍ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهَا وَ مِصْبَاحَيْنِ مِنْ نُورٍ عِنْدَ يَدَيْهَا وَ مِصْبَاحَيْنِ مِنْ نُورٍ عِنْدَ رِجْلَيْهَا وَ مَلَكَيْهَا الْمُوَكَّلَيْنِ بِقَبْرِهَا يَسْتَغْفِرَانِ لَهَا إِلَى أَنْ تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ.
By the One-azwj the soul of Muhammad-saww is in His-azwj Hand! I-saww had not come out from her-as grave until I-saww saw two lamps of light by her-as head, and two lamps of light by her-as hands, and two lamps of light by her-as feet, and the two Angels allocated with her-asws grave will be seeking Forgiveness for her-asws up to establishment of the Hour’’.[140]
بيان: يظهر من الخبر أن هذا العدد من التكبير كان من خصائصها لفضلها فلا يتعدى إلى غيرها.
Explanation – It is apparent from the Hadeeth that this number of the Takbeers were from her-as specialities due to her-as merit, therefore do not exceed to others.
23- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، قَالَ ع وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ الْوَلِيُّ أَوْ مَنْ قَدَّمَهُ الْوَلِيُّ فَإِذَا كَانَ فِي الْقَوْمِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِالصَّلَاةِ إِذَا قَدَّمَهُ الْوَلِيُّ فَإِنْ تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يُقَدِّمَهُ الْوَلِيُّ فَهُوَ غَاصِبٌ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – He-asws said: ‘Know that the foremost of the people with praying the Salat upon the deceased is the guardian, or the one whom the guardian advances. When there were to be from the people, a man from the clan of Hashim-as, he would be more rightful of praying the Salat when the guardian advances him, but if he were to come forward without the guardian having forwarded him, he is a usurper.
فَإِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى جِنَازَةِ مُؤْمِنٍ فَقِفْ عِنْدَ صَدْرِهِ أَوْ عِنْدَ وَسَطِهِ وَ ارْفَعْ يَدَيْكَ بِالتَّكْبِيرِ الْأَوَّلِ وَ كَبِّرْ وَ قُلْ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ أَنَّ الْمَوْتَ حَقٌّ وَ الْجَنَّةَ حَقٌّ وَ النَّارَ حَقٌّ وَ الْبَعْثَ حَقٌ وَ أَنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ لا رَيْبَ فِيها وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ
When you were to pray Salat upon a deceased Momin, stand by his chest or by his waist, and raise your hands with the first Takbeer and exclaim it, and say, ‘I testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj Alone, there is no associate for Him-azwj, and Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the death is true, and the Paradise is true, and the Fire is true, and the Resurrection is true, and the Hour is coming, there is no doubt in it, and Allah‑azwj will be Resurrection the ones in the graves!’
ثُمَّ كَبِّرِ الثَّانِيَةَ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ بَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ ارْحَمْ مُحَمَّداً وَ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ أَفْضَلَ مَا صَلَّيْتَ وَ بَارَكْتَ وَ رَحِمْتَ وَ تَرَحَّمْتَ وَ سَلَّمْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي الْعَالَمِينَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ
Then exclaim the third Takbeer and said, ‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and (Send) Blessings upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny‑asws of Muhammad-saww, and Mercy Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad‑saww, better than what You-azwj have Sent Salawaat, and Blessings, and Mercied, and You-azwj have Mercied and Greeted unto Ibrahim-as and progeny of Ibrahim-as in the worlds, You-azwj are Praised, Glorified!’
ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الثَّالِثَةَ وَ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَ لِجَمِيعِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ الْمُسْلِمَاتِ الْأَحْيَاءِ مِنْهُمْ وَ الْأَمْوَاتِ تَابِعْ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْخَيْرَاتِ إِنَّكَ مُجِيبُ الدَّعَوَاتِ وَ وَلِيُّ الْحَسَنَاتِ يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ
Then exclaim the third Takbeer and say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Forgive (sins) for me and for entirety of the Momineen and the Mominaat, and the Muslim men and the Muslim women, the living from them and the dead, followed by the goodness between us and them, You-azwj are Answerer of the supplication and in Charge of the Rewards, O most Merciful of the merciful ones!’
ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الرَّابِعَةَ وَ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ هَذَا عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ وَ ابْنُ أَمَتِكَ نَزَلَ بِسَاحَتِكَ وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ
Then exclaim the fourth Takbeer and say, ‘O Allah-saww! This is Your-azwj servant, and son of Your-azwj servant, and son of Your-azwj maid, descending in Your-azwj courtyard, and You-azwj are the best Host with him.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنَّا
O Allah-azwj! We do not know from him except for the good, and You-azwj are more Knowing with him than we are’.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ إِحْسَاناً وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ وَ اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَ لَهُ
O Allah-azwj! If he were a good doer, Increase in his goodness with (more) goodness, and if he were an evil-doer, Overlook from him and Forgive (sins) for us and for him.
اللَّهُمَّ احْشُرْهُ مَعَ مَنْ كَانَ يَتَوَلَّاهُ وَ يُحِبُّهُ وَ أَبْعِدْهُ مِمَّنْ يَتَبَرَّؤُهُ وَ يُبْغِضُهُ
O Allah-azwj! Resurrect him with the one whom he used to befriend and love, and Distance him from the one he was disavowing from and hated.
اللَّهُمَّ أَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّكَ وَ عَرِّفْ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُ وَ ارْحَمْنَا إِذَا تَوَفَّيْتَنَا يَا إِلَهَ الْعَالَمِينَ
O Allah-azwj! Join him with Your-azwj Prophet-saww, and Acquaint between him-saww and him, and Mercy us when we die, O God-azwj of the worlds!’
ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الْخَامِسَةَ وَ تَقُولُ رَبَّنا آتِنا فِي الدُّنْيا حَسَنَةً وَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَ قِنا عَذابَ النَّارِ وَ لَا تُسَلِّمْ وَ لَا تَبْرَحْ مِنْ مَكَانِكَ حَتَّى تَرَى الْجِنَازَةَ عَلَى أَيْدِي الرِّجَالِ
Then exclaim the fifth Takbeer and say, ‘Lord-azwj! Give us goodness in the world and goodness in the Hereafter, and Save us from Punishment of the Fire’, and neither greet nor depart from your place until you the deceased being upon hands of the men (being carried).
وَ إِذَا كَانَ الْمَيِّتُ مُخَالِفاً فَقُلْ فِي تَكْبِيرِكَ الرَّابِعَةِ- اللَّهُمَّ أَخْزِ عَبْدَكَ وَ ابْنَ عَبْدِكَ هَذَا اللَّهُمَّ أَصْلِهِ نَارَكَ
And when the deceased were to be an adversary, then say in the fourth Takbeer, ‘O Allah-azwj! Seize this servant of Your-azwj and son of Your-azwj. O Allah-azwj! Make him arrive to Your-azwj Fire.
اللَّهُمَّ أَذِقْهُ أَلِيمَ عَذَابِكَ وَ شَدِيدَ عُقُوبَتِكَ وَ أَوْرِدْهُ نَاراً وَ امْلَأْ جَوْفَهُ نَاراً وَ ضَيِّقْ عَلَيْهِ لَحْدَهُ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ مُعَادِياً لِأَوْلِيَائِكَ وَ مُتَوَالِياً لِأَعْدَائِكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تُخَفِّفْ عَنْهُ الْعَذَابَ وَ أَصْبِبْ عَلَيْهِ الْعَذَابَ صَبّاً
O Allah-azwj! Make him taste the pain of Your-azwj Punishment and severity of Your-azwj Torment, and Make him arrive to a fire and Fill his interior with fire and Narrow his grave upon him, for he used to be hostile to Your-azwj and befriend Your-azwj enemies.
O Allah-azwj! Do not Lighten the Punishment from him and Pour the Punishment upon him with a pouring!’
فَإِذَا رُفِعَ جَنَازَتُهُ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَرْفَعْهُ وَ لَا تُزَكِّهِ
When his bier is lifted, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Neither Raise him nor Purify him’.
وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ الطِّفْلَ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَعْقِلَ الصَّلَاةَ فَإِذَا حَضَرْتَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ لِأَبَوَيْهِ وَ لَنَا ذُخْراً وَ مَزِيداً وَ فَرَطاً وَ أَجْراً
And know that the child, Salat will not be prayed upon him until he understands the Salat. When you are present with a people praying Salat upon him, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Make it to be a treasure hoard for his parents and for us, and an increase, and an abundance, and Reward’.
وَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى مُسْتَضْعَفٍ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ
And when you were to pray upon the weak one, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Forgive for the ones who repent and follow Your-azwj Way and Save them from Punishment of the Blazing Fire’.
وَ إِذَا لَمْ تَعْرِفْ مَذْهَبَهُ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ هَذِهِ النَّفْسُ الَّتِي أَحْيَيْتَهَا وَ أَنْتَ أَمَتَّهَا دَعَوْتَ فَأَجَابَتْكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَلِّهَا مَا تَوَلَّتْ وَ احْشُرْهَا مَعَ مَنْ أَحَبَّتْ وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهَا
And when you don’t know his doctrine, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! This is the soul whom You-azwj had Kept alive, and You-azwj Caused it to die. You-azwj Called, so he answered You-azwj. O Allah‑azwj! Take Charge of it what You-azwj are in Charge of, and Resurrect it with the one it had loved and You-azwj are more Knowing with it’.
فَإِذَا اجْتَمَعَ جِنَازَةُ رَجُلٍ وَ امْرَأَةٍ وَ غُلَامٍ وَ مَمْلُوكٍ فَقَدِّمِ الْمَرْأَةَ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ وَ اجْعَلِ الْمَمْلُوكَ بَعْدَهَا وَ اجْعَلِ الْغُلَامَ بَعْدَ الْمَمْلُوكِ وَ الرَّجُلَ بَعْدَ الْغُلَامِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْإِمَامَ وَ يَقِفُ الْإِمَامُ خَلْفَ الرَّجُلِ فِي وَسَطِهِ وَ يُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِمْ جَمِيعاً صَلَاةً وَاحِدَةً
When the biers of a man, and a woman, and a boy, and a slave were to gather, then forwards the woman towards the Qiblah, and make the slave to be after her, and make the boy to be after the slave, and the man after the boy from what follows the prayer leader, and the prayer leader should stand behind the man in his middle and he would pray Salat upon them all, one Salat.
وَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ وَ كَانَتِ الْجِنَازَةُ مَقْلُوبَةً فَسَوِّهَا وَ أَعِدِ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيْهَا مَا لَمْ يُدْفَنْ فَإِذَا فَاتَكَ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ بَعْضُ التَّكْبِيرِ وَ رُفِعَتِ الْجِنَازَةُ فَكَبِّرْ عَلَيْهَا تَمَامَ الْخَمْسِ وَ أَنْتَ مُسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ
And when you were to pray Salat upon the deceased and the bier were to be overturned, even it and repeat the Salat upon it for as long as he has not been buried. When one of the Takbeers with the prayer leader is missed by you and the bier has been raised, then exclaim Takbeer upon it the complete five while you are facing the Qiblah.
وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ تُصَلِّي عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ وَ جَاءَتِ الْأُخْرَى فَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمَا صَلَاةً وَاحِدَةً بِخَمْسِ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ اسْتَأْنِفْ عَلَى الثَّانِيَةِ وَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الْجُنُبُ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ وَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى غَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ وَ الْحَائِضُ إِلَّا أَنَّ الْحَائِضَ تَقِفُ نَاحِيَةً وَ لَا تُخْلَطُ بِالرِّجَالِ
And you were to be praying upon the bier and another comes, then pray upon them both, one Salat with five Takbeer(s), and if you like you can resume upon the second; and there is no problem if the one with the sexual impurity were to pray Salat upon the deceased, and the man not being upon Wud’u, and the menstruating woman, except that the menstruating one who stand in a corner and not mingle with the men.
وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ جُنُباً وَ تَقَدَّمْتَ لِلصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهَا فَتَيَمَّمْ أَوْ تَوَضَّأْ وَ صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا وَ قَدْ أَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَتَوَضَّأَ إِنْسَانٌ عَمْداً لِلْجِنَازَةِ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِالصَّلَاةِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ التَّكْبِيرُ وَ الصَّلَاةُ هِيَ الَّتِي فِيهَا الرُّكُوعُ وَ السُّجُودُ
And if you were to be with sexual impurity and you come forward for the Salat upon it, then perform Tayammum or Wud’u and pray Salat upon it, and I-asws dislike it for a person to perform Wud’u deliberately for the funeral, because it isn’t the ‘Salat’, but it is the Takbeer, while the Salat, it is which therein is the Ruk’u(s) and the Sajdah(s).
وَ أَفْضَلُ الْمَوَاضِعِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ الصَّفُّ الْأَخِيرُ وَ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ بِنَعْلٍ حَذْوٍ وَ لَا تَجْعَلْ مَيِّتَيْنِ عَلَى جَنَازَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ
And the best place regarding the Salat upon the deceased is the last row, and do not pray Salat upon the funeral with a slipper (or) shoes, and do not make two deceased (persons) to be upon one bier.
فَإِنْ لَمْ تَلْحَقِ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ حَتَّى يُدْفَنَ الْمَيِّتُ فَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ بَعْدَ مَا دُفِنَ وَ إِذَا صَلَّى الرَّجُلَانِ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ وَقَفَ أَحَدُهُمَا خَلْفَ الْآخَرِ وَ لَا يَقُومُ بِجَنْبِهِ
If you do not join the Salat upon the funeral until the deceased has been buried, there is no problem if you were to pray Salat after burial, and when two men pray Salat upon the funeral, one of them should stand behind the other, and not stand by his side’.
وَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فَكَبِّرْ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ يَقُومُ الْإِمَامُ عِنْدَ وَسَطِ الرَّجُلِ وَ صَدْرِ الْمَرْأَةِ يَرْفَعُ الْيَدَ بِالتَّكْبِيرِ الْأَوَّلِ وَ يَقْنُتُ بَيْنَ كُلِّ تَكْبِيرَتَيْنِ وَ الْقُنُوتُ ذِكْرُ اللَّهِ وَ الشَّهَادَتَانِ وَ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ وَ الدُّعَاءُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ
And in another place: ‘When you want to pray Salat upon the deceased, exclaim five Takbeer(s) upon it. The prayer leader should stand by the waist of the man and chest of the woman, raising the hand with the first Takbeer, and perform ‘Qunout’ between every two Takbeer(s), and the ‘Qunout’ is mention of Allah-azwj, and the two testimonies, and the Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws, and the supplication for the Momineen and the Mominaat.
هَذَا فِي تَكْبِيرِهِ بِغَيْرِ رَفْعِ الْيَدَيْنِ وَ لَا تَسْلِيمَ لِأَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ دُعَاءٌ وَ تَسْبِيحٌ وَ اسْتِغْفَارٌ
This is during the Takbeer without raising the hands, nor greeting, because the Salat upon the deceased, rather it is a supplication, and Glorification, and seeking the Forgiveness’.
وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ تَقُولُ فِي التَّكْبِيرَةِ الْأُولَى فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ- أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ- إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ- الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ رَبِّ الْمَوْتِ وَ الْحَيَاةِ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ جَزَى اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً عَنَّا خَيْرَ الْجَزَاءِ بِمَا صَنَعَ لِأُمَّتِهِ وَ مَا بَلَّغَ مِنْ رِسَالاتِ رَبِّهِ
And he-asws continued the Hadeeth up to he-asws said: ‘And you should say during the first Takbeer in the Salat upon the deceased, ‘I testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj Alone, there is no associate for Him-azwj, and I testify that Muhammad is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww. We are for Allah-azwj and we are returning to Him-azwj. The Praise is for Allah-azwj Lord-azwj of the worlds, Lord-azwj of the death and the life, and may Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household, and Reward Muhammad-saww on our behalf the best Reward due to what he-saww has done for his-saww community, and what he-saww has delivered from the Messages of his-saww Lord-azwj’.
ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ أَمَتِكَ نَاصِيَتُهُ بِيَدِكَ تَخَلَّى عَنِ الدُّنْيَا وَ احْتَاجَ إِلَى مَا عِنْدَكَ نَزَلَ بِكَ وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ وَ افْتَقَرَ إِلَى رَحْمَتِكَ وَ أَنْتَ غَنِيٌّ مِنْ عَذَابِهِ
Then he should say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Your-azwj servant and son of Your-azwj maid, his forelock is in Your-azwj hand, has vacated from the world, and is needy to what is in Your-azwj Presence, is lodging with You-azwj and Your-azwj are the best Host with him, and he is impoverished to Your‑azwj Mercy and You-azwj are Needless from Punishing him.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنَّا اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَ تَقَبَّلْ مِنْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ وَ ارْحَمْهُ وَ تَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ بِرَحْمَتِكَ
O Allah-azwj! We do not know from him except for the good, and You-azwj are more Knowing with him than we are. O Allah-azwj! If he was a good doer, then Increase in his goodness and Accept from him, and if he was an evil doer, then Forgive his sins for him, and Mercy him and Overlook from him by Your-azwj Mercy.
اللَّهُمَّ أَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّكَ وَ ثَبِّتْهُ بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ اللَّهُمَّ اسْلُكْ بِنَا وَ بِهِ سَبِيلَ الْهُدَى وَ اهْدِنَا وَ إِيَّاهُ صِرَاطَكَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ اللَّهُمَّ عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ
O Allah-azwj! Join him with Your-azwj Prophet-saww and Affirm him with the firm word in the world and the Hereafter. O Allah-azwj! I ask You-azwj the way of guidance for use and him, and Guide us and him to the Straight Path. O Allah-azwj! Your-azwj Pardon! Your-azwj Pardon!’
ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الثَّانِيَةَ وَ تَقُولُ مِثْلَ مَا قُلْتَ حَتَّى تَفْرُغَ مِنْ خَمْسِ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ وَ قَالَ لَيْسَ فِيهَا التَّسْلِيمُ
Then exclaim the third Takbeer and say similar to what you had said until you are free from five Takbeer(s)’. And he-asws said: ‘There isn’t any greeting (Salaam) in it’.
وَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُصَلِّي عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ مَا كَانَ فِي وَقْتِ الصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى يَصْفَارَّ الشَّمْسُ فَإِذَا اصْفَارَّتْ لَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ وَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ حِينَ تَغِيبُ الشَّمْسُ وَ حِينَ تَطْلُعُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ اسْتِغْفَارٌ
And from his-asws father-asws, he-asws used to pray Salat upon the funeral after Al-Asr (Salat) for as long as he-asws was within timing of the Salat until the sun yellowed. When it had yellowed he-asws would not pray Salat upon it until it had set, and he-asws said: ‘There is no problem with the Salat upon the funeral when the sun sets and when it emerges, but rather it is seeking the Forgiveness’.
وَ سَاقَ الْكَلَامَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ بَابٌ آخَرُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ قَالَ تُكَبِّرُ ثُمَّ تُصَلِّي عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ ثُمَّ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ وَ ابْنُ أَمَتِكَ- لَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَ تَقَبَّلْ مِنْهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ وَ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ اجْعَلْهُ مِنْ رُفَقَاءِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص
And he-asws continued the speech up to he-asws said regarding another subject in the Salat upon the deceased, he-asws said: ‘Exclaim Takbeer, then send Salawaat upon the Prophet-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household. Then you should say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Your-azwj servant, and son of Your-azwj servant, and son of Your-azwj maid! I don’t know from him except for the good and You-azwj are more knowing with Him. O Allah-azwj! If he was a good doer, then Increase in his goodness and Accept from him, and if he was an evil doer, then Forgive his sins for him, and Expand for him in his grave, and Make him to be from the friends of Muhammad-saww’.
ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الثَّانِيَةَ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ زَاكِياً فَزَكِّهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ خَاطِئاً فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ
Then exclaim the third Takbeer, so say, ‘O Allah-azwj! If he was pure, then Purify him, and if he was a sinner, then Forgive (sins) for him’.
ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الثَّالِثَةَ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَحْرِمْنَا أَجْرَهُ وَ لَا تَفْتِنَّاهُ بَعْدَهُ
Then exclaim the third Takbeer, so say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Do not Deprive us of its Reward nor Tempt us by him after him’.
ثُمَّ تُكَبِّرُ الرَّابِعَةَ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اكْتُبْهُ عِنْدَكَ فِي عِلِّيِّينَ وَ اخْلُفْ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ فِي الْغَابِرِينَ وَ اجْعَلْهُ مِنْ رُفَقَاءِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص
Then exclaim the fourth Takbeer and say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Write him in Your-azwj Presence in the Illiyeen, and Replace upon his family among the future ones, and Make him from the friends of Muhammad-saww’.
ثُمَّ كَبِّرِ الْخَامِسَةَ وَ تَنْصَرِفُ
Then exclaim the fifth Takbeer and leave.
وَ إِذَا كَانَ نَاصِباً فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ عَدُوٌّ لَكَ وَ لِرَسُولِكَ اللَّهُمَّ فَاحْشُ جَوْفَهُ نَاراً وَ قَبْرَهُ نَاراً وَ عَجِّلْهُ إِلَى النَّارِ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ يَتَوَلَّى أَعْدَاءَكَ وَ يُعَادِي أَوْلِيَاءَكَ وَ يُبْغِضُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكَ اللَّهُمَّ ضَيِّقْ عَلَيْهِ قَبْرَهُ
And when he were to be a Nasibi, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! We do not know except he is an enemy to You-azwj and to Your-azwj Rasool-saww. O Allah-azwj! Fill his interior with fire, and his grave with fire, and Hasten him to the Fire, for he used to befriend Your-azwj enemies and was inimical to Your-azwj friends, and he hated People-asws of the Household of Your-azwj Prophet‑saww. O Allah-azwj! Narrow his grave upon him!’
وَ إِذَا رُفِعَ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَرْفَعْهُ وَ لَا تُزَكِّهِ
And when he is raised, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Neither Raise him nor Purify him!’
وَ إِذَا كَانَ مُسْتَضْعَفاً فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ
And when he were to be a weak one, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Forgive those who repent, and follow Your-azwj Way, and Save them from Punishment of the Blazing Fire’.
وَ إِذَا لَمْ تَدْرِ مَا حَالُهُ فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ يُحِبُّ الْخَيْرَ وَ أَهْلَهُ فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ وَ ارْحَمْهُ وَ تَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ.
And when you don’t know what his state is, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! If he had been loving the good and its people, then Forgive (his sins) for him, and Mercy him, and Overlook (his sins) from him’’.[141]
وَ قَالَ ع قَالَ جَعْفَرٌ ع صَلَّى عَلِيٌّ ع عَلَى سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ وَ كَانَ بَدْرِيّاً فَكَبَّرَ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ ثُمَّ مَشَى سَاعَةً فَوَضَعَهُ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ خَمْساً أُخْرَى فَصَنَعَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً.
And he-asws said: ‘Ja’far-asws said: ‘Ali-asws prayed Salat upon Sahl Bin Hunaif, and he had been a participant of battle of Badr. He-asws exclaimed five Takbeer(s), then walked for a while. He‑asws placed him, then exclaimed another five Takbeer(s) upon him. He-asws kept doing that until he-asws had exclaimed twenty-four Takbeer(s)’’.[142]
إيضاح خَبَرُ يُونُسَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا ع قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ النَّاسَ يَرْفَعُونَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ فِي التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فِي التَّكْبِيرَةِ الْأُولَى وَ لَا يَرْفَعُونَ فِيمَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَأَقْتَصِرُ عَلَى التَّكْبِيرَةِ الْأُولَى كَمَا يَفْعَلُونَ أَوْ أَرْفَعُ يَدَيَّ فِي كُلِّ تَكْبِيرَةٍ فَقَالَ ارْفَعْ يَدَيْكَ فِي كُلِّ تَكْبِيرَةٍ.
Clarification (Ahadeeth only) – In a Hadeeth by Yunus (in Al-Tahzeeb), said, ‘I asked Al-Reza‑asws. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! The people are raising their hands in the Takbeer upon the deceased in the first Takbeer, and they are not raising (their hands) in what is after that. Should I shorten upon the first Takbeer just as they are doing or shall I raise my hands in every Takbeer?’ He-asws said: ‘Raise your hands in every Takbeer’’.
الشَّيْخُ عَنْ ثَابِتِ بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فَإِذَا بِجَنَازَةٍ لِقَوْمٍ مِنْ جِيرَتِهِ فَحَضَرَهَا وَ كُنْتُ قَرِيباً مِنْهُ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ خَلَقْتَ هَذِهِ النُّفُوسَ وَ أَنْتَ تُمِيتُهَا وَ أَنْتَ تُحْيِيهَا وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِسَرَائِرِهَا وَ عَلَانِيَتِهَا مِنَّا وَ مُسْتَقَرِّهَا وَ مُسْتَوْدَعِهَا
The sheykh, from Sabit Bin Abu Al Miqdam who said, ‘I was with Abu Ja’far-asws, and there came a funeral of a people from his-asws neighbourhood, and I was close to him-asws. I heard him-asws saying: ‘O Allah-saww! You-azwj Created this soil, and You-azwj have Caused it to die, and You-azwj will be Reviving it, and You-azwj are more Knowing with its secrets and its announcement than we are, and its settled (Eman) and its lent (Eman).
اللَّهُمَّ وَ هَذَا بَدَنُ عَبْدِكَ وَ لَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ سُوءاً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ وَ قَدْ جِئْنَاكَ شَافِعِينَ لَهُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ مُسْتَوْجِباً فَشَفِّعْنَا فِيهِ وَ احْشُرْهُ مَعَ مَنْ كَانَ يَتَوَلَّاهُ.
O Allah-azwj! This is a body of Your-azwj servant and I-asws don’t know of any evil from him, and You-azwj are more Knowing with him, and we have come as interceder(s) for him after his death. If it was Answered, the Interceded for us regarding him, and Resurrect him with the one he had been befriending’’.
و قال الشهيد في الذكرى لو اجتمع الرجال صفوا مدرجا يجعل رأس الثاني إلى ألية الأول و هكذا ثم يقوم الإمام في الوسط و لو كان معهم نساء جعل رأس المرأة الأولى إلى ألية الرجل الأخير ثم الثانية إلى ألية الأولى و هكذا ثم يقوم وسط الرجال و يصلي عليهم صلاة واحدة و روى ذلك كله عمار عن الصادق ع..
And Al-Shaheed said in ‘Al-Zikra’, ‘If the men were to gather in a gradual row, make the head of the second to follow the first, and like this, then the prayer leader should stand in the middle, and it there were to be women (deceased) with them, make the head of the first woman to follow the man, is better. Then the second to follow the first, and like this. Then he should stand in the midst of the man and pray upon them, one Salat’. And all of that is reported by Ammar from Al-Sadiq-asws’.
الْكُلَيْنِيُّ فِي الْمُوَثَّقِ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِيِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنْ مَيِّتٍ صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ الْإِمَامُ فَإِذَا الْمَيِّتُ مَقْلُوبٌ رِجْلَاهُ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ رَأْسِهِ قَالَ يُسَوَّى وَ تُعَادُ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ حُمِلَ مَا لَمْ يُدْفَنْ فَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ دُفِنَ فَقَدْ مَضَتِ الصَّلَاةُ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ مَدْفُونٌ.
Al-Kulayni in ‘Al-Muwassiq’ – from Ammar Al-Sabaty, from Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws was asked about a deceased being prayed upon. When the prayer leader greets (perform Salaam), the deceased had been turned to the place of his head. He-asws said: ‘He should be evened and the Salat repeated upon him, and if he had been carried for as long as he has not been buried. If he has been buried, the Salat has expired. Do not pray Salat upon him and he has been buried’’.
وَ رَوَى الْكُلَيْنِيُّ وَ الشَّيْخُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ كَبَّرُوا عَلَى جِنَازَةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً أَوْ ثِنْتَيْنِ وَ وُضِعَتْ مَعَهَا أُخْرَى كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُونَ
And it is reported by Al-Kulayni and the Sheykh in ‘Al-Saheeh’, from Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about a group exclaiming Takbeer upon a funeral, one Takbeer or two, and another is place with it, ‘How should they deal with it?’
قَالَ إِنْ شَاءُوا تَرَكُوا الْأُولَى حَتَّى يَفْرُغُوا مِنَ التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْأَخِيرَةِ وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا رَفَعُوا الْأُولَى وَ أَتَمُّوا مَا بَقِيَ عَلَى الْأَخِيرَةِ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘If they so desire they can leave the first until they are free from the Takbeer upon the other, and if they so desire they can raise the first and complete what remains upon the other. All that, there is no problem with it’’.
رواية جابر عن الباقر ع أن رسول الله ص كبر عشرا أو سبعا و ستا.
A report by Jabir, from Al-Baqir-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww exclaimed ten, or seven and six’’.
الْكُلَيْنِيُّ فِي الْمُوَثَّقِ عَنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ تُصَلِّي الْحَائِضُ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَا تَصُفُّ مَعَهُمْ تَقُومُ مُنْفَرِدَةً.
Al-Kulayni in ‘Al-Muwassaq’ (Al Kafi) – from Abdul Rahman son of Abu Abdullah-asws, from Abu Abdullah-asws, he said, ‘I said, ‘Can the menstruating woman pray Salat upon the deceased?’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, and she should not form a row with them. She should stand individually’’.
رَوَى الْكُلَيْنِيُ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَى الْجَنَازَةِ بِحِذَاءٍ وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِالْخُفِّ.
And it is reported by Al-Kulayni, from a number of his companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Ismail Bin Mihran, from Sayf Bin Ameyra, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Do not pray upon the funeral bier with shoes, and there is no problem with the socks’’.
سيف بن عميرة قال في المقنع روي أنه لا يجوز للرجل أن يصلي على جنازة بنعل حذو.
Sayf Bin Ameyra said in ‘Al-Maqna’, ‘It is reported that it is not allowed for the man to pray Salat upon a funeral bier with slipper (or) shoes’’.
ابْنُ الْبَرَّاجِ بِمَا رُوِيَ عَنْ بَعْضِ الصَّحَابَةِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ: مَنِ اغْبَرَّتْ قَدَمَاهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ حَرَّمَهُمَا اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّارِ.
Ibn Al-Barraj with what is reported from one of the companions that the Prophet-saww said: ‘One whose feet are dusty in the Way of Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj would Prohibited them unto the Fire’’.
فِي مُكَاتَبَةِ الصَّفَّارِ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ ع وَ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ جَوَازِ حَمْلِ مَيِّتَيْنِ عَلَى سَرِيرٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمَيِّتَانِ رَجُلًا وَ امْرَأَةً مَعَ الْحَاجَةِ أَوْ كَثْرَةِ النَّاسِ- لَا يُحْمَلُ الرَّجُلُ مَعَ الْمَرْأَةِ عَلَى سَرِيرٍ وَاحِدٍ.
In the correspondence of Al-Saffar to Abu Muhammad Al-Askari-asws, ‘And he asked him-asws about permission of carrying two deceased(s) upon one bier, and the Salat upon them, and if the two deceased were a man and woman, with the need or a lot of people, (he-asws said): ‘The man will not be carried with the woman upon one bier’’.
24- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، رُوِّينَا عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ وَفَاةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لَمَّا غَسَّلَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ كَفَّنَهُ أَتَاهُ الْعَبَّاسُ فَقَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدِ اجْتَمَعُوا لِيُصَلُّوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ رَأَوْا أَنْ يُدْفَنَ فِي الْبَقِيعِ وَ أَنْ يَؤُمَّهُمْ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘We are reporting from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having mentioned the expiry of Rasool-Allah-saww. He-asws said: ‘When Ali-asws had washed him-saww and enshrouded him-saww, Al-Abbas came to him-asws. He said, ‘O Ali-asws! The people have gathered in order to pray Salat upon Rasool-Allah-saww, and they are viewing that he-saww should be buried in Al-Baqie (cemetery), and that a man from them should lead the Salat upon him-saww’.
فَخَرَجَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ إِمَامَنَا حَيّاً وَ مَيِّتاً وَ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يُقْبَضْ نَبِيٌّ إِلَّا دُفِنَ فِي الْبُقْعَةِ الَّتِي مَاتَ فِيهَا
Ali-asws went out. He-asws said: ‘O you people! Rasool-Allah-saww was our leader, alive and dead, and no Prophet-saww has passed away except he-as was buried in the very spot he-as had died in!’
قَالُوا اصْنَعْ مَا رَأَيْتَ
They said, ‘Do what you-asws see fit!’
فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ ع عَلَى بَابِ الْبَيْتِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ قَدَّمَ النَّاسَ عَشَرَةً عَشَرَةً يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَنْصَرِفُونَ.
Ali-asws stood at the door of the house and prayed Salat upon Rasool-Allah-azwj, and the people came forward, ten by ten, praying upon him-saww and leaving’’.[143]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ حِينَ تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ وَ حِينَ تَغْرُبُ وَ فِي كُلِّ حِينٍ إِنَّمَا هُوَ اسْتِغْفَارٌ.
And from Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘There is no problem with the Salat upon the funeral when the sun emerges, and when it sets, and in every time. But rather it (Salat) is seeking the Forgiveness’’.[144]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ دُعِيَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى جِنَازَةٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّا لَفَاعِلُونَ وَ إِنَّمَا يُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ عَمَلُهُ.
And from Ali-asws having been called to pray the Salat upon a funeral bier. He-asws said: ‘We-asws will be doing so, and rather his deeds are praying Salat upon him’’.[145]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ اجْتَهَدُوا فِي الدُّعَاءِ لَهُ اسْتُجِيبَ لَهُمْ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘When forty men were to pray Salat upon a man from the Momineen and they strive in the supplicating for him, it would be Answered for them’’.[146]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِذَا حَضَرَ السُّلْطَانُ الْجِنَازَةَ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ وَلِيِّهَا.
And from him-asws having said: ‘When the ruler attends the funeral, he is more rightful with the Salat upon it than it’s guardian’’.[147]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ الطِّفْلُ صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘When the child is with raised voice, he will be prayed upon’’.[148]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص صَلَّى عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مَاتَتْ فِي نِفَاسِهَا مِنَ الزِّنَى وَ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا وَ أَمَرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْبَرِّ وَ الْفَاجِرِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.
And from him-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww prayed Salat upon a woman who had died in her post-childbirth bleeding from the adultery and upon her child, and he-saww instructed with the Salat upon the righteous and the immoral from the Muslims’’.[149]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِذَا اجْتَمَعَتِ الْجَنَائِزُ صَلَّى عَلَيْهَا مَعاً صَلَاةً وَاحِدَةً وَ يُجْعَلُ الرِّجَالُ مِمَّا يَلِيهِ وَ النِّسَاءُ مِمَّا يَلِي الْقِبْلَةَ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘When the biers are gathered, they will be prayed upon together, one Salat, and the men would be made to be from what follows it, and from what follows Qiblah’’.[150]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ إِذَا وَقَفَ عَلَى جِنَازَةِ الرَّجُلِ لِلصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ قَامَ بِحِذَاءِ صَدْرِهِ فَإِذَا كَانَتِ امْرَأَةً قَامَ بِحِذَاءِ رَأْسِهَا.
And from him-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww, when he-saww would stand at the funeral of a man for praying the Salat upon him, would stand parallel to his chest. When it were to be a woman, he-saww stood parallel to her head’’.[151]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَحْضُرُ الْجِنَازَةَ وَ هُوَ عَلَى غَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ وَ لَا يَجِدُ الْمَاءَ قَالَ يَتَيَمَّمُ وَ يُصَلِّي عَلَيْهَا إِذَا خَافَ أَنْ تَفُوتَهُ.
And from him-asws, he-asws had been asked about the man attending the funeral, and he was not upon Wud’u, and he cannot find the water. He-asws said: ‘He should perform Tayammum and pray Salat upon it when he fears missing it’’.[152]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَرْفَعُ يَدَيْهِ بِالتَّكْبِيرَةِ عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ وَ يُكَبِّرُ عَلَيْهَا خَمْساً.
And from him-asws, he-asws used to raise his-asws hands with the Takbeer(s) upon the funerals, and he-asws would exclaim five Takbeer(s)’.[153]
وَ عَنْهُ ص أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ فَقَالَ خَمْسُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ أُخِذَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ الْخَمْسِ مِنْ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ تَكْبِيرَةٌ.
And from him-saww having been asked about the Takbeer upon the funeral biers. He-saww said: ‘Five Takbeer(s). That is taken from the five (daily) Salats, one Takbeer from each Salat’’.[154]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ سُبِقَ بِبَعْضِ التَّكْبِيرَاتِ فِي صَلَاةِ الْجِنَازَةِ فَلْيُكَبِّرْ وَ لْيَدْخُلْ مَعَهُمْ وَ يَجْعَلُ ذَلِكَ أَوَّلَ صَلَاتِهِ فَإِذَا انْصَرَفُوا لَمْ يَنْصَرِفْ حَتَّى يُتِمَّ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘One who is preceded by the Takbeer(s) in the funeral Salat, let him exclaim Takbeer and let him enter with them and make that as the beginning of his Salat. When they leave, he would not leave until he completes what remains upon him, then he would leave’’.[155]
وَ رُوِّينَا عَنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي الْقَوْلِ وَ الدُّعَاءِ فِي صَلَاةِ الْجَنَائِزِ وُجُوهاً يَكْثُرُ عَدَدُهَا فَدَلَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى أَنْ لَيْسَ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ مُوَقَّتٌ.
And we are reporting from People-asws of the Household, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws, regarding the word, and the supplication in the funeral Salat, there are many aspects and its number is a lot, so that evidence’s upon that there isn’t anything prescribed in it.[156]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَعْلَمُ مَنِ الْمَيِّتُ فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ فَوَلِّهِ مَا تَوَلَّى وَ احْشُرْهُ مَعَ مَنْ أَحَبَ.
And from Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘If you were not to know who the deceased is, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! We don’t know from him except the good, and You-azwj are more Knowing with him, so take Charge of what You-azwj Take Charge, and Resurrect him with the ones he loved’’.[157]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: وَ يُقَالُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمُسْتَضْعَفِ- رَبَّنا وَسِعْتَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ رَحْمَةً وَ عِلْماً فَاغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ-
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘And it should be said in the Salat upon the weak one: ‘Our Lord! Your Mercy and Knowledge Extends to all things, therefore Forgive those who repent and follow Your Way, and Save them from the Punishment of the Blazing Fire!’ [40:7]
رَبَّنا وَ أَدْخِلْهُمْ جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ الَّتِي وَعَدْتَهُمْ وَ مَنْ صَلَحَ مِنْ آبائِهِمْ وَ أَزْواجِهِمْ وَ ذُرِّيَّاتِهِمْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ-
Our Lord! And enter them into the Gardens of Eden which You Promised them, and one who were righteous from their fathers and their wives and their offspring, surely You are the Mighty, the Wise [40:8]
وَ قِهِمُ السَّيِّئاتِ وَ مَنْ تَقِ السَّيِّئاتِ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَدْ رَحِمْتَهُ وَ ذلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ.
And Save them from evil deeds, and the one You Save from the evil deeds on this Day, so You have been Merciful to him, and that, it is the mighty success [40:9]’’.[158]
وَ رُوِّينَا عَنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ ع أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى النَّاصِبِ لِأَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ الْمُعَادِي لَهُمْ يُدْعَى عَلَيْهِ وَ ذَكَرُوا فِي الدُّعَاءِ عَلَيْهِ وُجُوهاً كَثِيرَةً دَلَّتْ عَلَى أَنْ لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ مِنْهَا مُوَقَّتٌ وَ لَكِنْ يُجْتَهَدُ فِي الدُّعَاءِ عَلَيْهِ عَلَى مِقْدَارِ مَا يُعْلَمُ مِنْ نَصْبِهِ وَ عَدَاوَتِهِ.
And we are reporting from People-asws of the Household, they-asws said in the Salat upon the Nasibi (Hostile one) to the friends of Allah-azwj, the inimical to them supplicating against him, and they mentioned many aspects in the supplication against him, evidences that there isn’t anything prescribed from it, but one should strive in the supplication against him, in accordance to what one knows from his hostility and his enmity’’.[159]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الطِّفْلِ- اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ لَنَا سَلَفاً وَ فَرَطاً وَ أَجْراً.
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, he‑asws was saying in the Salat upon the child: ‘O Allah-azwj! Make him to be a predecessor, and abundance, and Reward’’.[160]
25- كِتَابُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شُرَيْحٍ عَنْ ذَرِيحٍ الْمُحَارِبِيِّ قَالَ: ذَكَرَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع سَهْلَ بْنَ حُنَيْفٍ فَقَالَ كَانَ مِنَ النُّقَبَاءِ
The book of Muhammad Bin Al Musanna, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Shureyh, from Zareeh Al Muhariby who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws mentioned Sahl Bin Huneyf. He-asws said: ‘He was from the captains’.
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مِنْ نُقَبَاءِ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ الِاثْنَيْ عَشَرَ
I said to him-asws, ‘From the captains of Prophet-saww of Allah-azwj, the twelve?’
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
He-asws said: ‘Yes’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا سَبَقَهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَ لَا مِنَ النَّاسِ بِمَنْقَبَةٍ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ
Then he-asws said: ‘Neither did anyone from Quraysh preceded him nor from the people with such virtues and extollations upon him’.
وَ قَالَ لَمَّا مَاتَ جَزِعَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع جَزَعاً شَدِيداً وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ.
And he-asws said: ‘When he died, Amir Al-Momineen-asws was alarmed with severe is alarm, and he-asws prayed Salat upon him, five Salats’’.[161]
26- كِتَابُ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي مَثَالِبِ عُمَرَ هُوَ صَاحِبُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيِّ بْنِ سَلُولٍ حِينَ تَقَدَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِيُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ أَخَذَ بِثَوْبِهِ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ وَ قَالَ لَقَدْ نَهَاكَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ
The book of Suleym Bin Qays –
He (Suleym) said regarding flaws of Umar, he was a companion of Abdullah Bin Ubayy Bin Saloul (leader of the hypocrites). When Rasool-Allah-saww moved forward to pray Salat upon him he (Umar) grabbed his-saww cloth from behind and said, ‘Allah-azwj has Prohibited from praying Salat upon him, and has not Permitted from praying Salat upon him!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّمَا صَلَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ كَرَامَةً لِابْنِهِ وَ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ يُسْلِمَ بِهِ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي أَبِيهِ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ مَا يُدْرِيكَ مَا قُلْتُ إِنَّمَا دَعَوْتُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘But rather, I-saww prayed Salat upon him as an honour for his son, and I-saww hope that seventy men from the sons of his father and his family members would become Muslims through him, and what would make you realise what I-saww said? But rather, I-saww supplicated to Allah-azwj against him!’’[162]
27- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِذَا مَاتَ الْمُؤْمِنُ فَحَضَرَ جِنَازَتَهُ أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنَّا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِنِّي قَدْ أَجَزْتُ شَهَادَتَكُمْ وَ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ مَا عَلِمْتُ مِمَّا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Al Waleed, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abdullah Bin Muskan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the Momin dies, and if forty men from the Momineen were to attend his funeral and they said, ‘O Allah-azwj! We do not know from him except the good, and You-azwj are more Knowing with him than we are’, Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Says: “I-azwj have Allowed your testimonies and have Forgiven for him what he has done, from what you don’t even know!”’[163]
28- مَجَالِسُ ابْنِ الشَّيْخِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْمُفِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ قُولَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ شَرِيفِ بْنِ سَابِقٍ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَوَّلُ عُنْوَانِ صَحِيفَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ مَا يَقُولُ النَّاسُ فِيهِ إِنْ خَيْراً فَخَيْراً وَ إِنْ شَرّاً فَشَرّاً وَ أَوَّلُ تُحْفَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَ لِمَنْ تَبِعَ جَنَازَتَهُ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Ibn Al Sheykh – from his father, from Al Mufeed, from Ibn Qawlawiya, from Muhammad Al Himeyri, from his father, from Ahmad Al Barqy, from Shareef Bin Sabiq, from Al Fazl Bin Abdul Malik,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The first heading of the book of the Momin (register of deed) after his death is what the people are saying regarding him, if good so good, and if evil so evil; and the first gift of the Momin is that Allah-azwj will Forgive for him and for the one who had followed his funeral’’.[164]
29- الْعُيُونُ، وَ الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبْدُوسٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ فِيمَا رَوَاهُ مِنَ الْعِلَلِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: إِنَّمَا أُمِرُوا بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ لِيَشْفَعُوا لَهُ وَ يَدْعُوا لَهُ بِالْمَغْفِرَةِ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي وَقْتٍ مِنَ الْأَوْقَاتِ أَحْوَجَ إِلَى الشَّفَاعَةِ فِيهِ وَ الطَّلِبَةِ وَ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ مِنْ تِلْكَ السَّاعَةِ
(The book) ‘Al Uyoun’, and ‘Al Ilal’ – from Abdul Wahid Bin Muhammad Bin Ubdous Al Neshapuri, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Quteyba, from Al Fazl Bin Shazan among what he reported from ‘Al Ilal’,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said (in an argumentation): ‘But rather, they have been Commanded with praying the Salat upon the deceased for them to intercede for him and supplicate for him for the Forgiveness, because he will not be needier in any time from the timings to the intercession, and the prayers, and seeking of the Forgiveness than he would be from that timing.
وَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَتْ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ دُونَ أَنْ تَصِيرَ أَرْبَعاً أَوْ سِتّاً لِأَنَّ الْخَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ إِنَّمَا أُخِذَتْ مِنَ الْخَمْسِ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي الْيَوْمِ وَ اللَّيْلَةِ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ تَكْبِيرَةٌ مَفْرُوضَةٌ إِلَّا تَكْبِيرَةُ الِافْتِتَاحِ فَجُمِعَتِ التَّكْبِيرَاتُ الْمَفْرُوضَاتُ فِي الْيَوْمِ وَ اللَّيْلَةِ فَجُعِلَتْ صَلَاةً عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ
And rather, five Takbeer(s) have been made besides of it becoming four or six, because the five Takbeers have been taken from the five Salats during the day and the night, and that is because there isn’t any obligatory except the opening (first) Takbeer. The obligatory Takbeer(s) have been gather during the day and the night, and Salat upon the deceased is made.
فَإِنْ قَالَ فَلِمَ جَوَّزْتُمُ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ بِغَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ
If he says, ‘Why are you allowed to pray Salat upon the deceased without performing Wud’u?’
قِيلَ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِيهَا رُكُوعٌ وَ لَا سُجُودٌ إِنَّمَا هِيَ دُعَاءٌ وَ مَسْأَلَةٌ وَ قَدْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ تَدْعُوَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ تَسْأَلَهُ عَلَى أَيِّ حَالٍ كُنْتَ وَ إِنَّمَا يَجِبُ الْوُضُوءُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ الَّتِي فِيهَا رُكُوعٌ وَ سُجُودٌ
It will be said, ‘Because there is neither any Ruk’u in it nor Sajdah. But rather, it is a supplication and a request, and it is allowed to supplicate to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic and ask Him-azwj upon whichever state you may be; and rather, the Wud’u is obligated regarding the Salat having Ruk’u and the Sajdah in it’.
فَإِنْ قَالَ فَلِمَ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهَا رُكُوعٌ وَ لَا سُجُودٌ
If he says, ‘So why there does not happen to be any Ruk’u in nor any Sajdah?’
قِيلَ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُرِيدُ بِهَذِهِ الصَّلَاةِ التَّذَلُّلَ وَ الْخُضُوعَ إِنَّمَا أُرِيدَ بِهَا الشَّفَاعَةُ لِهَذَا الْعَبْدِ الَّذِي قَدْ تَخَلَّى عَمَّا خَلَفَ وَ احْتَاجَ إِلَى مَا قَدَّمَ
It will be said, ‘Because the humility and the humbleness are not intended with this Salat. But rather, the intercession is intended with it for this servant who has vacated from what he has left behind and is needy to what is ahead’.
فَإِنْ قَالَ فَلِمَ جَوَّزْتُمُ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيْهِ قَبْلَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ بَعْدَ الْفَجْرِ
If he said, ‘Why are you allowed to pray the Salat upon him before Al-Maghrib and after Al-Fajr?’
قِيلَ إِنَّ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةَ إِنَّمَا تَجِبُ فِي وَقْتِ الْحُضُورِ وَ الْعِلَّةِ وَ لَيْسَتْ هِيَ مُوَقَّتَةً كَسَائِرِ الصَّلَوَاتِ وَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ صَلَاةٌ تَجِبُ فِي وَقْتِ حُدُوثِ الْحَدَثِ لَيْسَ لِلْإِنْسَانِ فِيهِ اخْتِيَارٌ وَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ حَقٌّ يُؤَدَّى وَ جَائِزٌ أَنْ تُؤَدَّى الْحُقُوقُ فِي أَيِّ وَقْتٍ كَانَ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنِ الْحَقُّ مُوَقَّتاً.
It was said, ‘This Salat is rather obligated during the time of the presence (of death), and it isn’t a timed ordinance like rest of the Salats, and rather it is a Salat obligated during the time of the occurrence of death, there isn’t any choice in it for the human being, and rather it is a right being fulfilled, and it is allowed to fulfilling the rights in whichever time it may be, when the right does not happen to be timed’’.[165]
30- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْهَيْثَمِ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَّانِ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ السِّنَانِيِّ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْمُكَتِّبِ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّائِغِ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْوَرَّاقِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنْ تَمِيمِ بْنِ بُهْلُولٍ عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع فِي حَدِيثِ شَرَائِعِ الدِّينِ قَالَ: وَ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ خَمْسُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ فَمَنْ نَقَصَ مِنْهَا فَقَدْ خَالَفَ السُّنَّةَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Haysam, and Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qattan, and Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Sinany, and Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Al Mukattib, and Abdullah, and Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Sa’aig, and Ali Bin Abdullah Al Warraq, altogether, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Zakariya, from Bakr Bin Abdullah Bin Habeeb, from Tameem Bin Bahloul, from Abu Muawiya, from Al Amsh,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws regarding a Hadeeth of the laws of religion, he-asws said: ‘And the Salat upon the deceased is of five Takbeers. The one who is deficient from these, he has opposed the Sunnah’’.[166]
31- كَشْفُ الْغُمَّةِ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ أَخْبَارِ فَاطِمَةَ لِابْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ صَلَّى عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ ع وَ كَبَّرَ خَمْساً وَ دَفَنَهَا لَيْلًا.
(The book) ‘Kashaf Al Ghumma’ –
‘Copying from the book ‘Akhbar Fatima-asws’ of Ibn Babuwayh, from Ali-asws having prayed Salat upon (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and he-asws exclaimed five Takbeer(s) and buried her-asws at night’’.[167]
وَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع مِثْلَهُ وَ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ع دُفِنَتْ لَيْلًا.
And from Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws – similar to it, and: ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws was buried at night’’.[168]
32- الْمُقْنِعَةُ، قَالَ رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِينَ ع أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُصَلِّي عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ يُكَبِّرُ عَلَيْهِمْ خَمْساً وَ يُصَلِّي عَلَى أَهْلِ النِّفَاقِ سِوَى مَنْ وَرَدَ النَّهْيُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيُكَبِّرُ أَرْبَعاً فَرْقاً بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْإِيمَانِ
(The book) ‘Al Muqnie’ –
He said, ‘And it is reported from the truthful ones (Imams-asws), they-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah‑saww used to pray Salat upon the Momineen and he-saww exclaimed five Takbeer(s) upon them, and he-saww prayed Salat upon the hypocrite people, apart from the ones the Prohibition had been referred for praying the Salat upon them, he-saww exclaimed four, to differentiate between them and the people of Eman.
وَ كَانَتِ الصَّحَابَةُ إِذَا رَأَتْهُ قَدْ صَلَّى عَلَى مَيِّتٍ وَ كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعاً قَطَعُوا عَلَيْهِ بِالنِّفَاقِ.
And it was so that whenever the companions saw him-as praying Salat upon a deceased and exclaim four upon him, they would cut (decide) upon him as being a hypocrite’’.[169]
وَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ صَلَّى عَلَى سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ وَ كَبَّرَ خَمْساً ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ.
And from Amir Al-Momineen-asws, he-asws prayed Salat upon Sahl Bin Huneyf and exclaimed four Takbeer(s), then he-asws turned to his-asws companions and said: ‘He is from the people (participants of the battle) of Badr’’.[170]
33- رِجَالُ الْكَشِّيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْحُسَيْنِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: كَبَّرَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع عَلَى سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ سَبْعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ وَ كَانَ بَدْرِيّاً وَ قَالَ لَوْ كَبَّرْتُ عَلَيْهِ سَبْعِينَ لَكَانَ أَهْلًا.
(The book) ‘Rijal’ of Al Kashi – from Muhammad Bin Masoud, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah Al Alawy, from Ali Bin Al-Hassan Al-Husayni, from Al-Hassan Bin Zayd having said:
‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws exclaimed seven Takbeer(s) upon Sahl Bin Huneyf, and he was a participant in the battle of Badr, and he-asws said: ‘Even if I-asws had exclaimed seventy upon him, he would have been deserving of it’’.[171]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَبَّرَ عَلِيٌّ ع عَلَى سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ وَ كَانَ بَدْرِيّاً خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ ثُمَّ مَشَى بِهِ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ أُخَرَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً.
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Masoud, from Muhammad Bin Nuseyr, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hammad, from Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws five Takbeer(s) upon Sahl Bin Huneyf, and he was a participant of the battle of Badr. Then he-asws walked with him a while, then placed him down, then exclaimed another five Takbeer(s) upon him. He-asws kept doing that with him until it reached twenty-five Takbeer(s)’’.[172]
34- إِكْمَالُ الدِّينِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ إِنَّ آدَمَ لَمَّا مَاتَ فَبَلَغَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ تَقَدَّمَ هِبَةُ اللَّهِ فَصَلَّى عَلَى أَبِيهِ وَ جَبْرَئِيلُ خَلْفَهُ وَ جُنُودُ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً
(The book) ‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Hamdani, from Ali Bin Al-Hassan Bin Fazzal, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzeyl, from Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws in a lengthy Hadeeth: ‘When Adam-as passed away, and (matters) reached to the Salat to be prayed upon him-as, Hibatullah-as came forward to pray Salat upon his-as father-as, and behind him-as was Jibraeel-as and armies of the Angels, and he-as exclaimed upon him-as thirty Takbeer(s).
فَأَمَرَ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَرَفَعَ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً وَ السُّنَّةُ الْيَوْمَ فِينَا خَمْسُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ وَ قَدْ كَانَ يُكَبِّرُ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ تِسْعاً وَ سَبْعاً.
Jibraeel-as instructed, so twenty-five Takbeer(s) were raised, and the Sunnah among us today is of five Takbeer(s), and he-saww had exclaimed upon people of Bade, nine, and seven’’.[173]
35- كِتَابُ الطُّرَفِ، لِلسَّيِّدِ بْنِ طَاوُسٍ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ الْمُسْتَفَادِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ فِيمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُدْفَنَ فِي بَيْتِهِ وَ يُكَفَّنَ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ أَحَدُهَا يَمَانٍ وَ لَا يَدْخُلَ قَبْرَهُ غَيْرُ عَلِيٍّ ع
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Turaf’ of the Seyyid Bin Tawoos, from Isa Bin Al Mustafad,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘It was among what Rasool-Allah-saww had bequeathed with that he-saww should be buried in his-saww house, and be enshrouded with three clothes – one of these being Yemeni, and no one should enter his-saww grave apart from Ali-asws.
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ كُنْ أَنْتَ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ كَبِّرُوا خَمْساً وَ سَبْعِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً وَ كَبِّرْ خَمْساً وَ انْصَرِفْ وَ ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لَكَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ
Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! You-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, they-asws should exclaim seventy-five Takbeer(s), and you-asws exclaim five and leave, and that is after there is proclamation of Azaan for you-asws regarding the Salat’.
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ وَ مَنْ يَأْذَنُ لِي بِهَا
Ali-asws said: ‘And who will proclaim Azaan for me-asws with it?’
قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ يُؤْذِنُكَ بِهَا ثُمَّ رِجَالُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيَ فَوْجاً فَوْجاً ثُمَّ نِسَاؤُهُمْ ثُمَّ النَّاسُ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَلِكَ
He-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as will proclaim to you-asws with it, then men from my-saww family should be praying Salat upon me, in droves and droves, then their womenfolk, then the people from after that’.
قَالَ فَفُعِلَتْ.
He-asws said: ‘I-asws did so’’.[174]
36- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ أَبِي سُمَيْنَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ لَمَّا قُبِضَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص جَرَتْ فِي مَوْتِهِ ثَلَاثُ سُنَنٍ أَمَّا وَاحِدَةٌ فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا قُبِضَ انْكَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ إِنَّمَا انْكَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِمَوْتِ ابْنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Abu Sumeyna, from Muhammad Bin Aslam, from Al-Husayn Khalid who said,
‘I heard Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws saying: ‘When Ibrahim-as son-as of Rasool-Allah‑saww passed away, three Sunnah(s) flowed regarding his-as death. As for one, when he-as passed away, the sun was eclipsed. The people said, ‘But rather, the sun has been eclipsed at the death of the son-as of Rasool-Allah-saww!’
فَصَعِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ الشَّمْسَ وَ الْقَمَرَ آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ يَجْرِيَانِ بِأَمْرِهِ مُطِيعَانِ لَهُ- لَا يَنْكَسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ وَ لَا لِحَيَاتِهِ فَإِذَا انْكَسَفَا أَوْ أَحَدُهُمَا صَلُّوا
Rasool-Allah-saww ascended the pulpit. He-saww praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, the said: ‘O you people! Surely, the sun and the moon are two signs from the signs of Allah-azwj. They both flow by His-azwj Command, obedient to Him-azwj. They do not get eclipsed at the death of anyone, nor for his life! So, when they get eclipsed, or one of them does, pray Salat!’
ثُمَّ نَزَلَ مِنَ الْمِنْبَرِ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ الْكُسُوفَ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ قُمْ فَجَهِّزِ ابْنِي
Then he-saww descended from the pulpit. He-saww prayed the Salat with the people of the eclipse. When he-saww had performed Salaam, he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Stand, prepare my-saww son-as!’
قَالَ فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَغَسَّلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ كَفَّنَهُ وَ حَنَّطَهُ وَ مَضَى فَمَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى انْتَهَى بِهِ إِلَى قَبْرِهِ
He (Al-Kazim-asws) said: ‘Ali-asws stood up, washed Ibrahim-as, and enshrouded him-as, and embalmed him-as, and he-asws went. Rasool-Allah-saww went until he-saww ended with him-as to his-as grave.
فَقَالَ النَّاسُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص نَسِيَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَى ابْنِهِ لِمَا دَخَلَهُ مِنَ الْجَزَعِ عَلَيْهِ
The people said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww has forgotten to pray Salat upon his-saww son-as due to what has entered him-saww, from the panic upon him-saww’.
فَانْتَصَبَ قَائِماً ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ أَتَانِي وَ أَخْبَرَنِي بِمَا قُلْتُمْ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنِّي نَسِيتُ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ عَلَى ابْنِي لِمَا دَخَلَنِي مِنَ الْجَزَعِ أَلَا وَ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ كَمَا ظَنَنْتُمْ وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّطِيفَ الْخَبِيرَ فَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ وَ جَعَلَ لِمَوْتَاكُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً وَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ لَا أُصَلِّيَ إِلَّا عَلَى مَنْ صَلَّى
He-saww stood still, then said: ‘Jibraeel-as has come to me-saww and has informed me-saww with what you have said. You are claiming that I-saww have forgotten to pray Salat upon my-saww son-as due to what has entered me-saww from the panic. Indeed! It isn’t like what you are thinking. But the Subtle, the Informed has Imposed five (daily) Salats upon you all, and has Made one Takbeer for your deceased, and has Commanded me-saww not to pray Salat except upon the one who prays Salat!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ انْزِلْ وَ أَلْحِدِ ابْنِي
Then he-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Descend and place my-saww son-as!’
فَنَزَلَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَأَلْحَدَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي لَحْدِهِ
Ali-asws descended and placed Ibrahim-as in his-as grave.
فَقَالَ النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ فِي قَبْرِ وَلَدِهِ إِذْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِابْنِهِ
The people said: ‘It is not befitting for anyone to descend in the grave of his-as son-as when Rasool-Allah-saww did not do so with his-as son’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِحَرَامٍ أَنْ تَنْزِلُوا فِي قُبُورِ أَوْلَادِكُمْ وَ لَكِنْ لَسْتُ آمَنُ إِذَا حَلَّ أَحَدُكُمُ الْكَفَنَ عَنْ وَلَدِهِ أَنْ يَلْعَبَ بِهِ الشَّيْطَانُ فَيُدْخِلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْجَزَعِ مَا يُحْبِطُ أَجْرَهُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ ص.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O you people! It isn’t Prohibited unto you all to be descending into the graves of your children, but I-saww don’t feel safe if one of you were to loosen his-as shroud, the Satan-la mighty play with him-as, so panic would enter him-as from that what would nullify his-as Recompense’ – then he-saww left’’.[175]
37- كِتَابُ التَّوْحِيدِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع صَلَّى عَلَى ابْنٍ لِجَعْفَرٍ صَغِيرٍ فَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا وَ شِبْهَهُ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ لَوْ لَا أَنْ تَقُولَ النَّاسُ إِنَّ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ لَا يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى الصِّغَارِ مَا صَلَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدِيثَ.
‘Kitab Al Tawheed’ – from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Al Saffar, from Al Fazl Bin Aamir, from Musa Bin Al Qasim, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Zurara Bin Ayn, he said,
‘I saw Abu Ja’far-asws praying Salat upon a young son-as of Ja’far-asws. He-asws exclaimed Takbeer upon him-as, then said: ‘This and the likes of him-as, Salat should not be prayed upon him, and had it not been for the people saying that the clan of Hashim-as are not praying Salat upon the young, I-asws would not have prayed Salat upon him!’ – the Hadeeth’’.[176]
38- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُدْرِكُ تَكْبِيرَةً أَوْ ثِنْتَيْنِ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ
‘Kitab Al Masail’ – by his chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the man who comes across on Takbeer or two upon a deceased, ‘How should he deal with it?’
قَالَ يُتِمُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ تَكْبِيرِهِ وَ يُبَادِرُهُ دَفْعَةً وَ يُخَفِّفُ.
He-asws said: ‘He should complete what remains from Takbeer(s) and rush once, and lighten’’.[177]
39- الْمُقْنِعُ، قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُصَلَّى عَلَى قَبْرٍ أَوْ يُقْعَدَ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ يُبْنَى عَلَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Muqnie’ –
‘He said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww forbade from praying Salat upon a grave, or sitting upon it, or building upon it’’.[178]
بيان: ظاهره النهي عن السجدة على القبر أو أن يصلي الفريضة أو النافلة قائما على القبر لا عن الصلاة على الميت المدفون و إن احتمل ذلك.
Explanation – It’s apparent is the prohibition from doing Sajdah upon the grave, or from praying the obligatory Salat, or the optional standing at the grave, not from the Salat upon the deceased being buried, and even if that is possible’’.
40- الْخِلَافُ لِلشَّيْخِ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ قَالَ: أُخْرِجَتْ جَنَازَةُ أُمِّ كُلْثُومٍ بِنْتِ عَلِيٍّ وَ ابْنِهَا زَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَ فِي الْجَنَازَةِ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ فَوَضَعُوا جَنَازَةَ الْغُلَامِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْإِمَامَ وَ الْمَرْأَةَ وَرَاءَهُ وَ قَالُوا هَذَا هُوَ السُّنَّةُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khilaf’ – of the sheykh,
‘From Ammar Bin Yasser-ra who said, ‘The funeral bier of Umm Kulsoom-as daughter-as of Ali‑asws and her-as son Zayd son of Umar, and in the funeral were Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws, and Abdullah-asws Bin Umar, and Abdullah Bin Abbas, and Abu Hureyra. They placed the bier of the boy from what follows the prayer leader, and the woman behind him, and they said, ‘This, it is the Sunnah!’’[179] (This is not a Hadith)
41- غَيْبَةُ الشَّيْخِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبَّادٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ خَالِدٍ أَنَّ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع قَالَ لِيَحْيَى يَا أَبَا عَلِيٍّ أَنَا مَيِّتٌ وَ إِنَّمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ أَجَلِي أُسْبُوعٌ فَاكْتُمْ مَوْتِي وَ ائْتِنِي يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ عِنْدَ الزَّوَالِ وَ صَلِّ عَلَيَّ أَنْتَ وَ أَوْلِيَائِي فُرَادَى الْحَدِيثَ.
(The book) ‘Ghayba’ of Al Sheykh – by his chain, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Muhammad Bin Abbad, from Musa Bin Yahya Bin Khalid,
‘Abu Ibrahim-as (7th Imam-asws) said to Yahya: ‘O Abu Ali! I-asws shall be dying, and rather a week remains from my-asws term. Conceal my-asws death and come to me-asws on the day of Friday at midday, and pray Salat upon me-asws, you and my-asws friends individually’ – the Hadeeth’’.[180]
42- تُحَفُ الْعُقُولِ، عَنِ الرِّضَا ع فِي كِتَابِهِ إِلَى الْمَأْمُونِ قَالَ وَ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ خَمْسُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ وَ لَيْسَ فِي صَلَاةِ الْجَنَائِزِ تَسْلِيمٌ لِأَنَّ التَّسْلِيمَ فِي صَلَاةِ الرُّكُوعِ وَ السُّجُودِ وَ لَيْسَ لِصَلَاةِ الْجِنَازَةِ رُكُوعٌ وَ لَا سُجُودٌ وَ يُرَبَّعُ قَبْرُ الْمَيِّتِ وَ لَا يُسَنَّمُ.
(The book) ‘Tuhaf Al Uqool’ –
‘From Al-Reza-asws, he-asws said in his-asws letter to Al-Mamoun: ‘And the Salat upon the funeral is of five Takbeers, and there isn’t any Salaam in the funeral Salat, because the Salaam is in the Salat having the Ruk’u and the Sajdah, and there is neither any Ruk’u nor Sajdah for the funeral Salat, and square the grave of the deceased, and not hump it’’.[181]
43- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَزِيرَةِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع عَنْ قَوْمٍ كُسِرَتْ بِهِمْ سَفِينَتُهُمْ فِي الْبَحْرِ وَ خَرَجُوا عُرَاةً لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَّا مَنَادِيلُ مُتَرَدِّدِينَ بِهَا فَإِذَا هُمْ بِرَجُلٍ مَيِّتٍ عُرْيَانٍ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ فَضْلُ ثَوْبٍ يُوَارُونَ بِهِ الرَّجُلَ وَ كَيْفَ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ عُرْيَانٌ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father and Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Aslam, from a man from the people of Al Jazeera who said,
‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws about a group, their ship broke (capsized) with them in the sea, and they came out bare, there wasn’t upon them except towels they were wrapping with. There they were with a dead man, naked, and there wasn’t any surplus clothing upon the people they could be covering the man with, and how can they be praying Salat upon him and he is naked?’
فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانُوا كَذَلِكَ فَلْيَحْفِرُوا قَبْرَهُ وَ لْيَضَعُوهُ فِي لَحْدِهِ وَ يُوَارُوا عَوْرَتَهُ بِلَبِنٍ أَوْ حِجَارَةٍ أَوْ تُرَابٍ وَ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ وَ يُوَارُونَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ
He-asws said: ‘When they were to be like that, let them dig his grave and let them place him in his grave and cover his private parts with bricks, or stones, or soil, and they should pray Salat upon him and bury him in his grave’.
قُلْتُ وَ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ مَدْفُونٌ
I said, ‘And can they not pray Salat upon him when he has been buried?’
قَالَ لَا وَ لَوْ جَازَ ذَلِكَ لَجَازَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص بَلْ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَى الْمَدْفُونِ وَ لَا الْعُرْيَانِ.
He-asws said: ‘No, and had that been allowed, it would have been allowed for Rasool-Allah-saww. But one can neither pray Salat upon the buried, nor the naked’’.[182]
44- ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: مَنْ شَيَّعَ جَنَازَةً فَلَهُ بِكُلِّ خُطْوَةٍ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ مِائَةُ أَلْفِ حَسَنَةٍ وَ يُمْحَى عَنْهُ مِائَةُ أَلْفِ سَيِّئَةٍ وَ يُرْفَعُ لَهُ مِائَةُ أَلْفِ دَرَجَةٍ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – by his chain, from Abu Hureyra (a well-known fabricator), and Ibn Abbas,
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘One who escorts a funeral would have one hundred thousand good deeds for every step taken until he returns, and one hundred thousand evil deeds would be deleted from him, and one hundred thousand ranks would be raised for him.
فَإِنْ صَلَّى عَلَيْهَا شَيَّعَهُ فِي جَنَازَتِهِ مِائَةُ أَلْفِ مَلَكٍ كُلُّهُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لَهُ فَإِنْ شَهِدَ دَفْنَهَا وُكِّلَ أُولَئِكَ الْمِائَةُ أَلْفِ مَلَكٍ بِهِ كُلُّهُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لَهُ حَتَّى يُبْعَثَ مِنْ قَبْرِهِ
If he were to pray Salat upon it, one hundred thousand Angels will be escorting him in his funeral, all of them seeking Forgiveness for him. If he were to attend its burial, those one hundred thousand Angels will be allocated with him, all of them would be seeking Forgiveness for him until he is Resurrected from his grave.
وَ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَى مَيِّتٍ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ وَ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ وَ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَ إِنْ أَقَامَ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَدْفِنَهُ وَ حَثَا عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ انْقَلَبَ مِنَ الْجَنَازَةِ وَ لَهُ بِكُلِّ قَدَمٍ مِنْ حَيْثُ تَبِعَهَا حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ قِيرَاطٌ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ وَ الْقِيرَاطُ مِثْلُ جَبَلِ أُحُدٍ يَلْقَى فِي مِيزَانِهِ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ.
And one who prays Salat upon a deceased, Jibraeel-as would pray Salat upon him, and seventy thousand Angels, and it will be Forgiven for him whatever had preceded from his sins; and if he were to stand to him until he is buried and the soil is poured upon him, he will turn back from the funeral and for him, with every step taken from where he had followed it until he returns to his house, would be a ‘Qeyrat’ of the Recompense, and the ‘Qeyrat’ is like mount Ohad, cast into his scale from the recompense’’.[183]
45- الْمُقْنِعُ، وَ رُوِيَ إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ مَيِّتَانِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةُ مَوْتَى أَوْ عَشَرَةٌ فَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ جَمِيعاً صَلَاةً وَاحِدَةً تَضَعُ مَيِّتاً وَاحِداً ثُمَّ تَجْعَلُ الْآخَرَ إِلَى أَلْيَةِ الرَّجُلِ الْأَوَّلِ ثُمَّ تَجْعَلُ الثَّالِثَ إِلَى أَلْيَةِ الثَّانِي شِبْهَ الْمُدَرَّجِ تَجْعَلُهُمْ عَلَى هَذَا مَا بَلَغُوا مِنَ الْمَوْتَى وَ قُمْ فِي الْوَسَطِ وَ كَبِّرْ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ تَفْعَلُ كَمَا تَفْعَلُ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى وَاحِدَةٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Muqnie’ –
‘When two dead bodies are gathered, or three dead bodies, or ten, then pray upon them all one Salat. Place a dead body of one, then make the other to follow the first man, then make the third to follow the second, resembling the ladder. Make them to be upon this whatever (number) reached from the dead bodies, and stand in the middle and exclaim five Takbeers, doing what you would have done when you pray Salat upon one’’.[184]
46- كِتَابُ الزُّهْدِ، لِلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ الْإِسْكَافِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَابِدٌ فَأُعْجِبَ بِهِ دَاوُدُ ع فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ لَا يُعْجِبْكَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ فَإِنَّهُ مُرَاءٍ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Zohad’ of Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Al Bilad, from Sa’ad Al Iskaf,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘There was a worshipper among the children of Israel. Dawood-as was fascinated by him. So, Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to him: “Do not be fascinated from anything of his affairs, for he is a show-off!”’
قَالَ فَمَاتَ الرَّجُلُ فَأَتَى دَاوُدُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ قَالَ ادْفِنُوا صَاحِبَكُمْ
He-asws said: ‘The man died. Someone came to Dawood-as. He said to him-as, ‘The man has died’. He-as said: ‘Bury your companion!’’
قَالَ فَأَنْكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ قَالُوا كَيْفَ لَمْ يَحْضُرْهُ
He-asws said: ‘The children of Israel disliked that, and they said, ‘How come he-as is not attending him?’’
قَالَ فَلَمَّا غُسِّلَ قَامَ خَمْسُونَ رَجُلًا فَشَهِدُوا بِاللَّهِ مَا يَعْلَمُونَ إِلَّا خَيْراً فَلَمَّا صَلَّوْا عَلَيْهِ قَامَ خَمْسُونَ رَجُلًا فَشَهِدُوا بِاللَّهِ مَا يَعْلَمُونَ إِلَّا خَيْراً
He-asws said: ‘When he had been washed, fifty men stood and testified with Allah-azwj, that they did not know except the good. When they had prayed Salat upon him, fifty men stood up and testified with Allah-azwj they did not know except the good’.
قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ فُلَاناً
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said to Dawood-as: “What prevented you-as from attending so and so?”
قَالَ الَّذِي أَطْلَعْتَنِي عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ
He-as said: ‘That which You-azwj had Notified me-as upon of his affairs’.
قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَكَذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنْ شَهِدَهُ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْأَحْبَارِ وَ الرُّهْبَانِ فَشَهِدُوا أَنَّهُمْ مَا يَعْلَمُونَ إِلَّا خَيْراً فَأَجَزْتُ شَهَادَتَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ عِلْمِي فِيهِ.
He-azwj Said: “Even though it was like that, but a group from the Rabbis and the Monks had testified that they did not know except good, so I-azwj Allowed their testimonies upon him and Forgave for him of My-azwj Knowledge regarding him!”’[185]
47- مَجَالِسُ الْمُفِيدِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ نَضْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمَسْعُودِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ حُرَيْثٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ الْبُنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ الْكَابُلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا فَرَغَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مِنْ تَغْسِيلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ تَكْفِينِهِ وَ تَحْنِيطِهِ أَذِنَ لِلنَّاسِ وَ قَالَ لِيَدْخُلْ مِنْكُمْ عَشَرَةٌ عَشَرَةٌ لِيُصَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Mufeed, from Ali Bin Al Qureyshi, from Ali Bin Al-Hassan Bin Fazzal, from Al-Hassan Bin Nazr, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah Bin Abdul Malik, from Abdul Rahman Al Masoudy, from Amro Bin Hureys Al Ansari, from Al-Husayn Bin Salamah Al Bunany, from Abu Khalid Al Kabuly,
‘From Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘When Amir Al-Momineen‑asws was free from washing Rasool-Allah-saww and enshrouding him, and embalming him-as, he-asws proclaimed to the people and said: ‘Let ten by ten from you enter, and let them pray Salat upon him-saww!’
فَدَخَلُوا وَ قَامَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَ مَلائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماً وَ كَانَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ كَمَا يَقُولُ
They entered, and Amir Al-Momineen-asws stood between him-saww and them, and said: Surely, Allah and His Angels are Sending Salawat upon the Prophet. O you those who believe! Send Salawaat upon him and submit submissively [33:56], and the people were saying like what he-asws was saying’.
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ هَكَذَا كَانَتِ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيْهِ.
Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘And the Salat upon him-saww happened like that’’.[186]
توضيح الظاهر أن أمير المؤمنين ع كان صلى على النبي ص قبل ذلك و اكتفى في صلاة سائر الناس عليه بذلك إما لعدم تقدم أبي بكر للصلاة أو لغير ذلك.
Clarification – The apparent is that Amir Al-Momineen-asws had prayed Salat upon the Prophet‑saww before that, and he-asws sufficed rest of the people in Salat upon him-saww with that, either due to lack of Abu Bakr coming forwards for the Salat or for other than that.
وَ يُؤَيِّدُهُ مَا رَوَاهُ سُلَيْمُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَلَى مَا وَجَدْتُهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ رَوَاهُ عَنْهُ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ فِي الْإِحْتِجَاجِ أَيْضاً عَنْ سَلْمَانَ الْفَارِسِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ عَلِيّاً ع وَ هُوَ يُغَسِّلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ كَانَ أَوْصَى أَنْ لَا يُغَسِّلَهُ غَيْرُ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ أَخْبَرَ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ لَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُقَلِّبَ مِنْهُ عُضْواً إِلَّا قُلِّبَ لَهُ وَ قَدْ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ يُعِينُنِي عَلَى غُسْلِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع
And it is supported by what is reported by Suleym Bin Qays based upon what I found in his book, and it is reported from him by Al Tabarsee in Al Ihtijaj as well,
‘From Salman Al-Farsi-ra having said: ‘I-ra came to Ali-asws while he-asws was washing Rasool-Allah-saww, and he-saww had bequeathed that no one should wash him-saww apart from Ali-asws, and had informed about it that he-asws will not intend to turn any part of him-saww except it would be turned for him-asws, and Amir Al-Momineen-asws had said to Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘Who will assist me-asws upon washing you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’ He-saww had said: ‘Jibraeel-as’.
فَلَمَّا غَسَّلَهُ وَ كَفَّنَهُ أَدْخَلَنِي وَ أَدْخَلَ أَبَا ذَرٍّ وَ الْمِقْدَادَ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ حَسَناً وَ حُسَيْناً ع فَتَقَدَّمَ وَ صَفَفْنَا خَلْفَهُ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ عَائِشَةُ فِي الْحُجْرَةِ لَا تَعْلَمُ قَدْ أَخَذَ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِبَصَرِهَا
When he-asws had washed him-as and shrouded him-as, he-asws let me-ra enter, and there entered Abu Zarr-ra, and Al-Miqdad-ra, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Hassan-asws and Husayn-asws. He-asws came forward and we formed rows behind him-asws. He-asws prayed Salat upon him-asws and Ayesha was in the room not knowing. Jibraeel-as had seized her sight.
ثُمَّ أَدْخَلَ عَشَرَةً مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ عَشَرَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَيُصَلُّونَ وَ يَخْرُجُونَ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِلَّا صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ.
Then ten from the Emigrants entered, and ten from the Helpers. They prayed Salat and went out, until there did not remain anyone from the Emigrants and the Helpers except he had prayed Salat upon him-saww’’.[187]
48- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، صَلَّى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَلَى جِنَازَةٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ مَغْفُوراً فَطُوبَى لَنَا نُصَلِّي عَلَى مَغْفُورٍ لَهُ وَ إِنْ كُنَّا مَغْفُورِينَ فَطُوبَى لَكَ يُصَلِّي عَلَيْكَ الْمَغْفُورُونَ.
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws prayed salat upon a funeral, then said: ‘If you have been Forgiven, then beatitude is for us, we are praying upon one who has been Forgiven, and if we were to be Forgiven, then beatitude is for you, the ones Forgiven are praying Salat upon you’’.[188]
49- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، وَ كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِسَنَدَيْهِمَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ إِذَا احْمَرَّتِ الشَّمْسُ أَ تَصْلُحُ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnad’, and ‘Kitab Al Masail’, by their chains,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the Salat upon the funeral bier when the sun turns red (about to set), ‘Is it correct?’
قَالَ لَا صَلَاةَ إِلَّا وَقْتَ صَلَاةٍ فَإِذَا وَجَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَصَلِّ الْمَغْرِبَ ثُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no Salat except at the time of Salat. When the sun sets, then pray Al-Maghrib Salat, then pray Salat upon the deceased’’.[189]
50- الْهِدَايَةُ، الصَّلَوَاتُ الَّتِي تُصَلَّى فِي الْأَوْقَاتِ كُلِّهَا إِنْ فَاتَتْكَ صَلَاةٌ فَصَلِّهَا إِذَا ذَكَرْتَ وَ صَلَاةُ الْكُسُوفِ وَ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ وَ رَكْعَتَيِ الْإِحْرَامِ وَ رَكْعَتَيِ الطَّوَافِ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘The Salats which are to be prayed in the timings, all of them, if a Salat were to be missed by you, then pray it when you remember, and Salat of the eclipse and the Salat upon the funeral, and two Cycles (of Salat) of the Ihraam, and two Cycles (Salat) of the Tawaaf’’.[190]
51 مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْمُكَتِّبِ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ الْفَزَارِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الزَّيَّاتِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ حَفْصٍ الْمَرْوَزِيِّ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَنْ عِلَّةِ دَفْنِهِ لِفَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَيْلًا فَقَالَ ع إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ سَاخِطَةً عَلَى قَوْمٍ كَرِهَتْ حُضُورَهُمْ جِنَازَتَهَا وَ حَرَامٌ عَلَى مَنْ يَتَوَلَّاهُمْ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ وُلْدِهَا.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Al Mukattib, from Hamza Bin Al Qasim Al Alawy, from Ja’far Al Fazari, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn Al Zayyat, from Suleyman Bin Hafs Al Marouzy, from Sa’ad Bin Tareyf, from Al Asbagh Bin Nubata who said,
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws was asked about the reason of his-asws burying (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww at night. He-asws said: ‘She-asws was annoyed upon a group. She-asws disliked their attending her-asws funeral, and it is prohibited upon the ones who befriend them that they should pray Salat upon anyone from her-asws children’’.[191]
52 الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: خَيْرُ الصُّفُوفِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ الْمُقَدَّمُ وَ خَيْرُ الصُّفُوفِ فِي الْجَنَائِزِ الْمُؤَخَّرُ
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Al Nowfaly, from Ismail Bin Abu Ziyad,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Best of the rows in the Salat is the front (row), and best of the rows in the funeral is the last (row)’.
قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ لِمَ
It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And why?’
قَالَ صَارَ سُتْرَةً لِلنِّسَاءِ.
He-saww said: ‘It becomes a veil for the women’’.[192]
53 قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، وَ كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِسَنَدَيْهِمَا الْمُتَقَدِّمَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي أَ لَهُ أَنْ يُكَبِّرَ قَبْلَ الْإِمَامِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnad’, and ‘Kitab Al Masail’ – by their previous chains,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about a man who prays Salat, ‘Is it for him to exclaim Takbeer before the prayer leader does?’
قَالَ لَا يُكَبِّرُ إِلَّا مَعَ الْإِمَامِ فَإِنْ كَبَّرَ قَبْلَهُ أَعَادَ التَّكْبِيرَ
He-asws said: ‘He should not exclaim Takbeer except with the prayer leader. If he were to exclaim Takbeer before him, he should repeat the Takbeer’.
قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّبِيِّ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ إِذَا مَاتَ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ خَمْسِ سِنِينَ
He said, ‘And I asked him-asws about the child, ‘Should he be prayed upon and he is a boy of five years old?’
فَقَالَ إِذَا عَقَلَ الصَّلَاةَ فَيُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ.
He-asws said: ‘When he understands the Salat, Salat should be prayed upon him’’.[193]
54 الْهِدَايَةُ، إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَقِفْ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَ كَبِّرْ وَ قُلْ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِيراً وَ نَذِيراً بَيْنَ يَدَيِ السَّاعَةِ
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘When you pray Salat upon a deceased, stand by his head and exclaim Takbeer and say, ‘I testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj Alone, there is no associate for Him-azwj, and I testify that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww. He-azwj Sent him-saww with the truth as a giver of glad tidings and a warner, in front of (before) the Hour!’
ثُمَّ كَبِّرِ الثَّانِيَةَ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ ارْحَمْ مُحَمَّداً وَ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ بَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَأَفْضَلِ مَا صَلَّيْتَ وَ بَارَكْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ
Then exclaim the second Takbeer and say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and Mercy Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and Bless upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, as best of what You-azwj Sent and Blessed upon Ibrahim-as and progeny of Ibrahim-as, You-azwj are Praised, Glorified!’
ثُمَّ كَبِّرِ الثَّالِثَةَ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ الْمُسْلِمَاتِ الْأَحْيَاءِ مِنْهُمْ وَ الْأَمْوَاتِ
Then exclaimed the third Takbeer, and say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Forgive (for) the Momineen and the Mominaat, and the Muslim men and Muslim women, the living from them and the dead!’
ثُمَّ كَبِّرِ الرَّابِعَةَ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ هَذَا عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ وَ ابْنُ أَمَتِكَ نَزَلَ بِكَ وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنَّا
And say, ‘O Allah-azwj! This is Your-azwj servant and son of Your-azwj servant, and son of Your-azwj maid. He has lodged with You-azwj and You-azwj the best host with it. O Allah-azwj! We do not know from him except the good and You-azwj are more Knowing with him than we are!
اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ وَ اغْفِرْ لَهُ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ عِنْدَكَ فِي أَعْلَى عِلِّيِّينَ وَ اخْلُفْ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ فِي الْغَابِرِينَ وَ ارْحَمْهُ بِرَحْمَتِكَ يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ
O Allah-azwj! If he was a good doer, then Increase in his goodness, and if he was an evil doer, Overlook from him and Forgive (his sins) for him. O Allah-azwj! Make him in Your-azwj Presence to be in the lofty Illiyeen, and Replace upon his family in the future ones, and Mercy him with Your-azwj Mercy, O most Merciful of the merciful ones!’
ثُمَّ كَبِّرِ الْخَامِسَةَ وَ لَا تَبْرَحْ مِنْ مَكَانِكَ حَتَّى تَرَى الْجِنَازَةَ عَلَى أَيْدِي الرِّجَالِ
Then exclaim the fifth and do not depart from your place until you see the funeral bier being upon hands of the men.
وَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ فَقِفْ عِنْدَ صَدْرِهَا وَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى الْمُسْتَضْعَفِ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تابُوا وَ اتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَ قِهِمْ عَذابَ الْجَحِيمِ
And when you pray Salat upon the woman, stand by her chest, and when you pray upon the weak, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Forgive for the ones who repent and follow Your-azwj Way and Save them from Punishment of the Blazing Fire’.
وَ إِذَا لَمْ تَعْرِفْ مَذْهَبَ الْمَيِّتِ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ هَذِهِ النَّفْسَ أَنْتَ أَحْيَيْتَهَا وَ أَنْتَ أَمَتَّهَا اللَّهُمَّ وَلِّهَا مَا تَوَلَّتْ وَ احْشُرْهَا مَعَ مَنْ أَحَبَّتْ
And when you don’t know the doctrine of the deceased, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! This soul, You‑azwj had Kept it alive, and You-azwj Caused its death. O Allah-azwj! Take Charge of what You‑azwj Take Charge of and Resurrect it with the ones he had loved!’
وَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى نَاصِبٍ فَقُلْ بَيْنَ التَّكْبِيرَةِ الرَّابِعَةِ وَ الْخَامِسَةِ- اللَّهُمَّ أَخْزِ عَبْدَكَ فِي عِبَادِكَ وَ بِلَادِكَ اللَّهُمَّ أَصْلِهِ أَشَدَّ نَارِكَ اللَّهُمَّ أَذِقْهُ حَرَّ عَذَابِكَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يُوَالِي أَعْدَاءَكَ وَ يُعَادِي أَوْلِيَاءَكَ وَ يُبْغِضُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكَ
And when you pray upon a Nasibi (hostile one), then say between the fourth and the fifth Takbeer, ‘O Allah-azwj! Seize Your-azwj servant among Your-azwj servant and Your-azwj country. O Allah-azwj! Make him arrive to severity of Your-azwj Fire! O Allah-azwj! Make him taste the heat of Your-azwj Punishment, for he used to befriend Your-azwj enemies, and was inimical to Your‑azwj friends, and he hated People-asws of the Household of Your-azwj Prophet-saww!’
فَإِذَا رُفِعَ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَرْفَعْهُ وَ لَا تُزَكِّهِ
When it is raised, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Neither Raise him nor Purify him!’
وَ الطِّفْلُ لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَعْقِلَ الصَّلَاةَ فَإِنْ حَضَرْتَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ لِأَبَوَيْهِ وَ لَنَا فَرَطاً.
And the child will not be prayed upon until he understands the Salat. If you were to be present with a group praying upon him, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Make it an abundance for his parents and for us!’’[194]
55 مِصْبَاحُ الْأَنْوَارِ، لِبَعْضِ الْأَصْحَابِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ كَمْ كَبَّرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ ع
(The book) ‘Misbah Al Anwaar’ of one of our companions,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having been asked, ‘How may Takbeer(s) did Amir Al-Momineen-asws exclaim upon (Syeda) Fatima-asws?’
فَقَالَ كَانَ يُكَبِّرُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع تَكْبِيرَةً فَيُكَبِّرُ جَبْرَئِيلُ تَكْبِيرَةً وَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ إِلَى أَنْ كَبَّرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع خَمْساً
He-asws said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws had exclaimed a Takbeer, so Jibraeel-as exclaimed Takbeer and so did the Angels of Proximity, until Amir Al-Momineen-asws had exclaimed five’.
It was said to him-asws, ‘Where had he-asws prayed Salat upon her-asws?’
فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَ أَيْنَ كَانَ يُصَلِّي عَلَيْهَا قَالَ فِي دَارِهَا ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَهَا.
He-asws said: ‘In her-asws house, then he-asws brought her-asws out’’.[195]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع صَلَّى عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ فَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهَا خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً.
And from him, from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws: ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws had prayed Salat upon (Syeda) Fatima-asws and had exclaimed twenty-five Takbeer(s) upon her-asws’’.[196]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع صَلَّى عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ ع وَ كَبَّرَ خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ.
And from Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws had prayed Salat upon (Syeda) Fatima-asws and had exclaimed five Takbeer(s)’’.[197]
بيان: لعل التكبيرات الواجبة كانت خمسا و الباقية مستحبة من خصائصها صلوات الله عليها.
Explanation – Perhaps the obligatory Takbeer(s) were five and the remainder were recommended, from her-asws specialities, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon her-asws.
56 مِصْبَاحُ الْأَنْوَارِ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ لِعَلِيٍّ ع إِنِّي أُوصِيكَ فِي نَفْسِي وَ هِيَ أَحَبُّ الْأَنْفُسِ إِلَيَّ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ فَغَسِّلْنِي بِيَدِكَ وَ حَنِّطْنِي وَ كَفِّنِّي وَ ادْفِنِّي لَيْلًا وَ لَا يَشْهَدْنِي فُلَانٌ وَ فُلَانٌ وَ اسْتَوْدَعْتُكَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى حَتَّى أَلْقَاكَ جَمَعَ اللَّهُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ فِي دَارِهِ وَ قُرْبِ جِوَارِهِ.
(The book) ‘Misbah Al Anwaar’ –
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws said to Ali-asws: ‘I-asws bequeath you-asws regarding myself-asws, and it is the beloved of the souls to me-asws after Rasool-Allah-saww. When I-asws pass away, then wash me-asws with your-asws hands, and embalm me-asws, and shroud me‑asws, and bury me-asws at night, and do not let so and so attend me-asws, and I-asws entrust you-asws to Allah-azwj the Exalted until I-asws meet you-asws. May Allah-azwj Gather between me‑asws and you-asws in His-azwj House and nearby His-azwj vicinity’’.[198]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا حَضَرَتْ فَاطِمَةَ الْوَفَاةُ بَكَتْ فَقَالَ لَهَا لَا تَبْكِي فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَصَغِيرٌ عِنْدِي فِي ذَاتِ اللَّهِ
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘When the expiry presented to (Syeda) Fatima-asws, she-asws cried. He (Ali-asws) said to her-asws: ‘Do not cry, for by Allah-azwj, that is small in my-asws view regarding the Self of Allah-azwj!’
قَالَ وَ أَوْصَتْهُ أَنْ لَا يُؤْذِنَ بِهَا الشَّيْخَيْنِ فَفَعَلَ.
He-asws said: ‘And she-asws bequeathed to him-asws not to give permission two the two sheykhs (Abu Bakr and Umar) to attend her-asws. He-asws did so (made sure they could not attend)’’.[199]
وَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ قَالَ: قَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ع لِعَلِيٍّ ع إِنَّ لِي إِلَيْكَ حَاجَةً يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ
And from Yahya Bin Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Umar,
‘Son of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, said, ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws said to Ali-asws: ‘There is a request for me-asws to you-asws, O Abu Al-Hassan-asws!’
فَقَالَ تُقْضَى يَا بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
He-asws said: ‘It shall be fulfilled, O daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww!’
فَقَالَتْ نَشَدْتُكَ بِاللَّهِ وَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ لَا يُصَلِّيَ عَلَيَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ لَا عُمَرُ.
She-asws said: ‘I-asws adjure you-asws with Allah-azwj, and by the right of Muhammad-saww Rasool‑saww of Allah-azwj that neither Abu Bakr nor Umar should pray Salat upon me-asws!’’[200]
57 الْخَرَائِجُ لِلرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَاعِداً فَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقُمِّيِّينَ أَ تُصَلِّي النِّسَاءُ عَلَى الْجَنَائِزِ
(The book) ‘Al Kharaij’ of Al Rawandy – from Muhammad Bin Abdul Hameed, from Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Yazeed Bin Khalifa who said,
‘I was seated in the presence of Abu Abdullah. A man from people of Qum asked him-asws, ‘Can the women pray Salat upon the funeral biers?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ ادَّعَى أَنَّهُ رَمَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَكُسِرَتْ رَبَاعِيَتُهُ وَ شَقَّ شَفَتَيْهِ وَ كَذَبَ وَ ادَّعَى أَنَّهُ قَتَلَ حَمْزَةَ وَ كَذَبَ
He-asws said: ‘Al-Mugheira Bin Abu Al-Aas claimed that he had shot at Rasool-Allah-saww and his‑saww front teeth were broken and his-saww lips were split, and he lied! And he claimed that he had killed Hamza-as, and he lied!
فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْخَنْدَقِ ضُرِبَ عَلَى أُذُنَيْهِ فَنَامَ فَلَمْ يَسْتَيْقِظْ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ فَخَشِيَ أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ فَتَنَكَّرَ وَ تَقَنَّعَ بِثَوْبِهِ وَ جَاءَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِ عُثْمَانَ يَطْلُبُهُ وَ تَسَمَّى بِاسْمِ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ كَانَ يَجْلِبُ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ الْخَيْلَ وَ الْغَنَمَ وَ السَّمْنَ
When it was the day (battle of) Khandaq, he was struck upon his ears, so he slept (went into comma). He did not wake up until morning. He feared that he might be seized, so he disguised and covered with his cloth and came to the house of Usman, seeking him, and he named with a man from the clan of Suleym who used to bring the horses, and the sheep, and the butter to Usman.
فَجَاءَ عُثْمَانُ فَأَدْخَلَهُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ وَ قَالَ وَيْحَكَ مَا صَنَعْتَ ادَّعَيْتَ أَنَّكَ رَمَيْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ ادَّعَيْتَ أَنَّكَ شَقَقْتَ شَفَتَيْهِ وَ كَسَرْتَ رَبَاعِيَتَهُ وَ ادَّعَيْتَ أَنَّكَ قَتَلْتَ حَمْزَةَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا لَقِيَ وَ أَنَّهُ ضُرِبَ عَلَى أُذُنِهِ
Usman came and entered him into his house and said, ‘Woe be to you! What have you done? You claimed that you had shot at Rasool-Allah-saww and claimed that you had split his-saww lips and broken his-saww front teeth, and you claimed that you had killed Hamza-as! He informed him with what he had faced and he had been struck upon his ears.
فَلَمَّا سَمِعَتْ ابْنَةُ النَّبِيِّ ص بِمَا صَنَعَ بِأَبِيهَا وَ عَمِّهَا صَاحَتْ فَأَسْكَتَهَا عُثْمَانُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ عُثْمَانُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ بِوَجْهِهِ وَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ آمَنْتَ عَمِّيَ الْمُغِيرَةَ وَ كَذَبَ
When a daughter of the Prophet-saww heard of what he had done with her father-saww, she shrieked. Usman quietened her. Then Usman came out to Rasool-Allah-saww and he-saww was seated in the Masjid. He faced him-saww with his face and said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Grant amnesty to my uncle Al-Mugheira, and he has lied’.
فَصَرَفَ عَنْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَجْهَهُ
Rasool-Allah-saww turned his-saww face away from him.
ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَهُ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ آمَنْتَ عَمِّيَ الْمُغِيرَةَ وَ كَذَبَ
Then he faced him-saww from the other side. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Grant amnesty to my uncle Al-Mugheira, and he has lied’.
فَصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَجْهَهُ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ آمَنَّاهُ وَ أَجَّلْنَاهُ ثَلَاثاً فَلَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ أَعْطَاهُ رَاحِلَةً أَوْ رَحْلًا أَوْ قَتَباً أَوْ سِقَاءً أَوْ قِرْبَةً أَوْ دَلْواً أَوْ خُفّاً أَوْ نَعْلًا أَوْ زَاداً أَوْ مَاءً
Rasool-Allah-saww turned his-saww face away from him. Then he-saww said: ‘We-saww grant him amnesty and are respiting him for three (days). May Allah-azwj Curse the one who gives him a riding animal, or a ride, or cup, or waterskin, or canteen, or bucket, or shoes, or slippers, or provision or water!’
قَالَ عَاصِمٌ هَذِهِ عَشَرَةُ أَشْيَاءَ فَأَعْطَاهَا كُلَّهَا عُثْمَانُ فَخَرَجَ فَسَارَ عَلَى نَاقَتِهِ فَنَقِبَتْ ثُمَّ مَشَى فِي خُفَّيْهِ فَنَقِبَتَا ثُمَّ مَشَى فِي نَعْلَيْهِ فَنَقِبَتَا ثُمَّ مَشَى عَلَى رِجْلَيْهِ فَنَقِبَتَا ثُمَّ مَشَى عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ فَنَقِبَتَا فَأَتَى شَجَرَةً فَجَلَسَ تَحْتَهَا
Aasim said, ‘These ten things, Usman gave him all of them. He went out and travelled upon his she-camel (of Usman). It died. Then he walked in his (Usman’s) shoes, and they were torn. Then he walked in his (Usman’s) slippers. These were torn. Then he walked upon his legs (bare feet), and these were injured. Then he walked upon his knees, and these were injured. He came to a tree and sat beneath it.
فَجَاءَ الْمَلَكُ فَأَخْبَرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص بِمَكَانِهِ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص زَيْداً وَ الزُّبَيْرَ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا ائْتِيَاهُ فَهُوَ فِي مَكَانِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَاقْتُلَاهُ
The Angel came and informed Rasool-Allah-saww of his place. Rasool-Allah-saww sent Zayd and Al-Zubeyr to him. He-saww said to them: ‘Go to him, for he is in such and such place, and kill him!’
فَلَمَّا أَتَيَاهُ قَالَ زَيْدٌ لِلزُّبَيْرِ إِنَّهُ ادَّعَى أَنَّهُ قَتَلَ أَخِي وَ قَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص آخَى بَيْنَ حَمْزَةَ وَ زَيْداً فَاتْرُكْنِي أَقْتُلْهُ فَتَرَكَهُ الزُّبَيْرُ فَقَتَلَهُ
When they came to him, Zayd said to Al-Zubeyr, ‘He claimed that he had killed my brother!’ – and Rasool-Allah-saww had established brother-hood between Hamza-as and Zayd – ‘So leave me to kill him!’ Al-Zubeyr left him, so he killed him.
فَرَجَعَ عُثْمَانُ مِنْ عِنْدِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ إِنَّكِ أَرْسَلْتِي إِلَى أَبِيكِ فَأَعْلَمْتِيهِ بِمَكَانِ عَمِّي فَحَلَفَتْ لَهُ بِاللَّهِ مَا فَعَلَتْ فَلَمْ يُصَدِّقْهَا فَأَخَذَ خَشَبَةَ الْقَتَبِ فَضَرَبَهَا ضَرْباً مُبَرِّحاً
Usman returned from the presence of the Prophet-saww. He said to his wife, ‘You had sent a message to your father-saww and let him-saww know with the position of my uncle!’ She swore an oath to him with Allah-azwj she had not done so, but he did not ratify her. He grabbed a dry reed and beat her with a sharp hit.
فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى أَبِيهَا تَشْكُو ذَلِكَ وَ تُخْبِرُهُ بِمَا صَنَعَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا أَنِّي لَأَسْتَحْيِي لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ لَا تَزَالَ تَجُرُّ ذُيُولَهَا تَشْكُو زَوْجَهَا فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَدْ قَتَلَنِي
She sent a message to her father-saww complaining of that and informing him-saww with what he had done. He-saww sent a message to her: ‘I-saww am embarrassed for the woman not ceasing to drag her tail complaining of her husband’. She sent a message to him-saww, ‘He is killing me!’
فَقَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ ع خُذِ السَّيْفَ ثُمَّ أْتِ بِنْتَ عَمِّكَ فَخُذْ بِيَدِهَا فَمَنْ حَالَ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَهَا فَاضْرِبْهُ بِالسَّيْفِ
He-saww said to Ali-asws: ‘Take the sword, then go to the daughter of your-asws uncle-saww. Grab her by her hand. The one who is a barrier between you-asws and her, strike him with the sword!’
فَدَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهَا فَجَاءَ بِهَا النَّبِيَّ ص فَأَرَتْهُ ظَهْرَهَا فَقَالَ أَبُوهَا قَتَلَهَا قَتَلَهُ اللَّهُ
Ali-asws entered, grabbed her by her hand and came with her to the Prophet-saww. She showed him-saww her back. Her father-saww said: ‘He has killed her, may Allah-azwj Kill him!’
فَمَكَثَتْ يَوْماً وَ مَاتَتْ فِي الثَّانِي وَ اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ لِلصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهَا فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ بَيْتِهِ وَ عُثْمَانُ جَالِسٌ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أَلَمَّ بِجَارِيَتِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ فَلَا يَشْهَدْ جَنَازَتَهَا قَالَهَا مَرَّتَيْنِ وَ هُوَ سَاكِتٌ
She remained for a day and died during the second, and the people gathered for the Salat upon her. Rasool-Allah-saww came out from his-saww house and Usman was seated with the people. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who had pained his slave girl last night should not attend her funeral!’ – saying it twice, and he was silent.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِيَقُومَنَّ أَوْ لَنُسَمِّيَنَّهُ بِاسْمِهِ وَ اسْمِ أَبِيهِ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Let him stand or we-saww shall name him with his name and name of his father!’
فَقَامَ يَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَى مَهِينٍ
He stood up having been referred upon an insult’.
قَالَ فَخَرَجَتْ فَاطِمَةُ فِي نِسَائِهَا فَصَلَّتْ عَلَى أُخْتِهَا.
He (the narrator) said, ‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws came out among her-asws womenfolk and prayed Salat upon her-asws sister’’.[201]
58 قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ سِنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ الْجَمَّالِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَاتَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فَخَرَجَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع يَمْشِي فَلَقِيَ مَوْلًى لَهُ فَقَالَ أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ فَقَالَ أَفِرُّ مِنْ جِنَازَةِ هَذَا الْمُنَافِقِ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnad’ – from Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Safwan Al Jammal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A man from the hypocrites died. Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali‑asws came out walking and met a friend of his-asws. He-asws said, ‘Where are you going?’ He said: ‘Fleeing from the funeral of this hypocrite from having to pray Salat upon him!’
قَالَ قُمْ إِلَى جَنْبِي فَمَا سَمِعْتَنِي أَقُولُ فَقُلْ
He-asws said: ‘Stand to my side. Whatever you hear me-asws saying, then say’.
قَالَ فَرَفَعَ يَدَهُ وَ قَالَ- اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْ عَبْدَكَ أَلْفَ لَعْنَةٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ اللَّهُمَّ أَخْزِ عَبْدَكَ فِي بِلَادِكَ وَ عِبَادِكَ اللَّهُمَّ أَصْلِهِ حَرَّ نَارِكَ اللَّهُمَّ أَذِقْهُ أَشَدَّ عَذَابِكَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يُوَالِي أَعْدَاءَكَ وَ يُعَادِي أَوْلِيَاءَكَ وَ يُبْغِضُ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ نَبِيِّكَ.
He (Abu Abdullah-asws) said: ‘He-asws raised his-asws hands and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Curse Your-azwj servant a thousand different curses. O Allah-azwj! Seize Your-azwj servant in Your-azwj country and Your-azwj servants. O Allah-azwj! Make him arrive to Your-azwj Fire. O Allah-azwj! Make him taste severity of Your-azwj Punishment for he used to befriend Your-azwj enemies and was inimical to Your-azwj friends, and hated People-asws of the Household of Your-azwj Prophet‑saww!’’[202]
59 مُنْتَهَى الْمَطْلَبِ، قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عَقِيلٍ يُكَبِّرُ وَ يَقُولُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَعْلِ دَرَجَتَهُ وَ بَيِّضْ وَجْهَهُ كَمَا بَلَّغَ رِسَالَتَكَ وَ جَاهَدَ فِي سَبِيلِكَ
(The book) ‘Muntaha Al Matlab’ –
‘Ibn Abu Aqeel said, ‘He should exclaim Takbeer and say, ‘I testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj Alone, there is no associate for Him-azwj, and Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww. O Allah-azwj! Send Salawaat upon Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and Exalt his-saww rank and brighten his-saww face like what he-saww delivered Your-azwj Message and fought in Your-azwj Way.
وَ نَصَحَ لِأُمَّتِهِ وَ لَمْ يَدَعْهُمْ سُدًى مُهْمَلِينَ بَعْدَهُ بَلْ نَصَبَ لَهُمُ الدَّاعِيَ إِلَى سَبِيلِكَ الدَّالَّ عَلَى مَا الْتَبَسَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ حَلَالِكَ وَ حَرَامِكَ دَاعِياً إِلَى مُوَالاتِهِ وَ مُعَادَاتِهِ- لِيَهْلِكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ عَنْ بَيِّنَةٍ وَ يَحْيى مَنْ حَيَّ عَنْ بَيِّنَةٍ وَ عَبَدَكَ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ الْيَقِينُ فَصَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ الطَّاهِرِينَ
And he-saww advised his-saww community, and did not leave them in vain, neglected after him‑saww. But he-saww nominated for them the caller to Your-azwj Way, and pointer upon what was confusing upon them, from Your-azwj Permissible and Your-azwj Prohibition, a called to his‑asws friendship and his-asws enmity for the ones to be destroyed from a clear proof and to Revive the ones to be revived from a clear proof, [8:42], and he-saww worshipped You-azwj until certainty (death) came to him-saww. May Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon him-saww and upon People-asws of his-saww Household, the pure ones.
ثُمَّ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ الْأَحْيَاءِ مِنْهُمْ وَ الْأَمْوَاتِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ تَخَلَّى مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ احْتَاجَ إِلَى مَا عِنْدَكَ نَزَلَ بِكَ وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ افْتَقَرَ إِلَى رَحْمَتِكَ وَ أَنْتَ غَنِيٌّ مِنْ عَذَابِهِ
Then he should seek Forgiveness for the Momineen and the Mominaat, the living from them and the dead. Then he should say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Your-azwj servant and son of Your-azwj servant has vacated from the world and is needy to what is in Your-azwj Presence. He is lodging with You-azwj and You-azwj are best of the hosts with him. He is impoverished to Your-azwj and You‑azwj needless from Punishing him.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنَّا فَإِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ ذُنُوبَهُ وَ ارْحَمْهُ وَ تَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ
O Allah-azwj! We do not know from him except the good, and You-azwj are more Knowing with him than we are. If he was a good doer, then Increase in his goodness, and if he was an evil doer, then Forgive his sins for him and Mercy him, and Overlook from him.
اللَّهُمَّ أَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ وَ صَالِحِ سَلَفِهِ
O Allah-azwj! Join him with Your-azwj Prophet-saww and righteous ones of his ancestors.
اللَّهُمَّ عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ
O Allah-azwj! Your-azwj Pardon! Your-azwj Pardon!’
ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ وَ يَقُولُ هَذَا فِي كُلِّ تَكْبِيرَةٍ.
Then he should exclaim Takbeer and say this in every Takbeer’’.[203] (Not a Hadeeth)
60 الْهِدَايَةُ، الْمَوَاطِنُ الَّتِي لَيْسَ فِيهَا دُعَاءٌ مُوَقَّتٌ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ وَ الْقُنُوتُ وَ الْمُسْتَجَارُ وَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةُ وَ الْوُقُوفُ بِعَرَفَاتٍ وَ ركعتي [رَكْعَتَا] الطَّوَافِ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘The places in which there isn’t any prescribed supplication – the Salat upon the funeral bier, and the Qunout, and the hired (Salat), and Al-Safa, and Al-Marwa, and the pausing at Arafaat, and two Cycles Salat of the Tawaaf’’.[204]
61 الْعِلَلُ، لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عِلَّةُ التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ خَمْساً أَنَّهُ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ مِنْ كُلِّ فَرِيضَةٍ تَكْبِيرَةً لِلْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ الْحَجِّ وَ الصَّوْمِ وَ الْوَلَايَةِ وَ الْعِلَّةُ فِي تَرْكِ الْعَامَّةِ تَكْبِيرَةً أَنَّهُمْ أَنْكَرُوا الْوَلَايَةَ وَ تَرَكُوا تَكْبِيرَهَا.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ of Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Ibrahim –
‘The reason of the Takbeer upon the deceased being five is that Allah-azwj has Taken from every Obligation, one Takbeer for the deceased – from the Salat, and the Zakat, and the Hajj, and the fast, and the Wilayah; and the reason in the general Muslims leaving out one Takbeer is because of their denial of the Wilayah, and they leave out its Takbeer’’.[205]
62 الْهِدَايَةُ، لِلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَمْدَانَ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ أَنَا وَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ وَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ وَ طَالِبُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ وَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْخَضِيبِ إِلَى سُرَّمَنْرَأَى فِي سَنَةِ تِسْعٍ وَ خَمْسِينَ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ لِلتَّهْنِئَةِ بِمَوْلِدِ الْمَهْدِيِّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ of Al-Husayn Bin Hamdan, from Isa Bin Mahdy who said,
‘I, and Al-Husayn Bin Giyas, and Al-Hassan Bin Masoud, and Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim, and Ahmad Bin Hassan, and Talib Bin Hatim, and Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad, and Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Al Khazeyb, went out to Surmanray in the year the year two hundred and fifty-nine to congratulate when Al-Mahdi-ajfj was gifted to (his-ajfj parents-asws), may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-ajfj.
فَدَخَلْنَا عَلَى سَيِّدِنَا أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ ع وَ نَحْنُ نَيِّفٌ وَ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا فَهَنَّيْنَاهُ وَ بَكَيْنَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْبُكَاءَ مِنَ السُّرُورِ مِنْ نِعَمِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِثْلِ الشُّكْرِ لَهَا فَطِيبُوا أَنْفُساً وَ قَرُّوا أَعْيُناً
We entered to see our Master-asws Abu Muhammad-asws (Al-Askari-asws), and we were more than seventy men. We congratulated him-asws and we wept. He-asws said: ‘The weeping from happiness from the bounties of Allah-azwj the Exalted is like the thanking for it’. Our souls felt good and our eyes were delighted’.
وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ قَالَ ع وَ فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ مَا لَمْ تَسْأَلُوا عَنْهُ وَ أَنَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِهِ وَ هُوَ التَّكْبِيرُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ تَكْبِيرُنَا خَمْساً وَ تَكْبِيرُ غَيْرِنَا أَرْبَعاً
And he continued the Hadeeth up to he said, ‘He-asws said: ‘And within yourselves is what you have not yet asked about, and I-asws shall inform you all with it, and it is the exclamation of Takbeer upon the deceased, how come our (Shias) Takbeer have become five while Takbeer of others have become four!’
فَقُلْنَا يَا سَيِّدَنَا هَذَا الَّذِي أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نَسْأَلَكَ عَنْهُ
We said, ‘O our Master-asws! This is which we wanted to ask you-asws about’.
فَقَالَ ع أَوَّلُ مَنْ صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنَّا )عمنا( – حَمْزَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَسَدُ اللَّهِ وَ أَسَدُ رَسُولِهِ فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا قُتِلَ قَلِقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ حَزَنَ وَ قَلَّ صَبْرُهُ عَلَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘The first one from the Muslims from us-asws to be prayed Salat upon was our uncle-as Hamza-asws Bin Abdul Muttalib-asws, lion of Allah-azwj and lion of His-azwj Rasool-saww. When he-as was killed, Rasool-Allah-saww was apprehensive, and he-saww grieved, and little was his-saww patience upon him-as.
فَقَالَ وَ كَانَ قَوْلُهُ حَقّاً لَأَقْتُلَنَّ بِكُلِّ شَعْرَةٍ مِنْ عَمِّي حَمْزَةَ سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا مِنْ مُشْرِكِي قُرَيْشٍ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- وَ إِنْ عاقَبْتُمْ فَعاقِبُوا بِمِثْلِ ما عُوقِبْتُمْ بِهِ وَ لَئِنْ صَبَرْتُمْ لَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لِلصَّابِرِينَ
He-saww said, and his-saww words were true: ‘I-saww shall kill, for every hair from my-saww uncle-as Hamza-as, seventy men from the Quraysh Polytheists!’ So, Allah-azwj Revealed: And if you punish, then retaliate with the like of that which you were punished with; and if you are patient, it will be best for those who are patient [16:126].
وَ إِنَّمَا أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَنْ يَجْعَلَ ذَلِكَ سُنَّةً فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ لِأَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ قَتَلَ بِكُلِّ شَعْرَةٍ مِنْ حَمْزَةَ سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ مَا كَانَ يَكُونُ فِي قَتْلِهِمْ حَرَجٌ
And rather, Allah-azwj the Exalted Loved to Make that a Sunnah among the Muslims, because had he-saww killed seventy men from the Polytheists for every hair of Hamza-as, there would have been no problem in them.
وَ أَرَادَ دَفْنَهُ وَ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَلْقَى اللَّهَ مُضَرَّجاً بِدِمَائِهِ وَ كَانَ قَدْ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُغَسِّلَ مَوْتَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَدَفَنَهُ بِثِيَابِهِ فَصَارَ سُنَّةً لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ أَنْ لَا يُغَسَّلَ شَهِيدُهُمْ
And he-saww wanted to bury him-as and he-saww loved to meet Allah-azwj covered with his-as blood, and Allah-azwj had Commanded that he-saww wash the dead Muslims. So, he-saww buried him-as in his-as clothes. That became a Sunnah for the Muslims that their martyrs need not be washed.
وَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُكَبِّرَ عَلَيْهِ سَبْعِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً وَ يَسْتَغْفِرَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَ كُلِّ تَكْبِيرَتَيْنِ مِنْهَا
And Allah-azwj Commanded that seventy Takbeer(s) be exclaimed upon him-as, and he-saww should seek Forgiveness for him-as, what is between every two Takbeers from these.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ أَنِّي قَدْ فَضَّلْتُ عَمَّكَ حَمْزَةَ بِسَبْعِينَ تَكْبِيرَةً لِعَظَمَتِهِ عِنْدِي وَ كَرَامَتِهِ عَلَيَّ وَ كَبِّرْ خَمْساً عَلَى كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ وَ مُؤْمِنَةٍ فَإِنِّي أَفْرِضُ عَلَى أُمَّتِكَ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ لَيْلَةٍ أُزَوِّدُهُ ثَوَابَهَا وَ أُثْبِتُ لَهُ أَجْرَهَا
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to him-saww: “I-azwj have Merited your-saww uncle-as with seventy Takbeer(s) due to his-as magnificence in My-azwj Presence and his-as Honour unto Me-azwj, and exclaim five upon every Momin and Momina, for I-azwj have Imposed five Salats upon your-saww community during every day and night. I-azwj shall Provide its Reward and Affirm it’s Recompense for him-as!”’
فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا فَقَالَ يَا سَيِّدَنَا فَمَنْ صَلَّى الْأَرْبَعَةَ
A man from us stood up. He said, ‘O our Master-asws! Who prayed the four (Takbeer(s))?’
فَقَالَ مَا كَبَّرَهَا تَيْمِيٌّ وَ لَا عَدَوِيٌّ وَ لَا ثَالِثُهُمَا مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَ لَا ابْنُ هِنْدٍ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ كَبَّرَهَا وَ سَنَّهَا فِيهِمْ طَرِيدُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ مَرْوَانُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ لِأَنَ اللَّعِينَ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَصَّى ابْنَهُ يَزِيدَ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ بِأَشْيَاءَ كَثِيرَةٍ
He-asws said: ‘No one exclaimed these (four), neither clans of Taym, nor Uday nor their third, the clan of Umayya, nor the son of Hind (Muawiya), may Allah-azwj Curse them! And the first one to exclaim these (four) and made it a norm among them is the one exiled by Rasool-Allah‑saww, and he is Marwan Bin Al-Hakam, may Allah-azwj Curse him, because the accursed Muawiya had bequeathed to his son Yazeed-la, may Allah-azwj Curse him-la, with many things.
فَكَانَ مِنْهَا أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنِّي خَائِفٌ عَلَيْكَ يَا يَزِيدُ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ )خمسة( أَنْفُسٍ مِنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَ مِنِ ابْنِ عُثْمَانَ وَ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ
It was from these that he said, ‘I am fearing upon you-la, O Yazeed-la, from four (five) persons – from Ibn Umar, and from Ibn Usman, and Marwan Bin Al-Hakam-la, and Abdullah Bin Al-Zubeyr, and Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws.
وَ وَيْلَكَ يَا يَزِيدُ مِنْ هَذَا يَعْنِي الْحُسَيْنَ ع وَ أَمَّا مَرْوَانُ فَإِذَا مِتُّ وَ جَهَّزْتُمُونِي وَ وَضَعْتُمُونِي عَلَى نَعْشِي لِلصَّلَاةِ فَسَيَقُولُونَ لَكَ تَقَدَّمْ فَصَلِّ عَلَى أَبِيكَ فَقُلْ مَا كُنْتُ لِأَعْصِيَ أَبِي فِيمَا أَوْصَانِي بِهِ وَ قَدْ قَالَ لِي إِنَّهُ لَا يُصَلِّي عَلَيَّ إِلَّا شَيْخٌ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَ هُوَ عَمِّي مَرْوَانُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ
And woe be unto you-la, O Yazeed-la from this one, meaning Al-Husayn-asws! And as for Marwan, when I die and you were to prepare me and place me upon my coffin for the salat, they will be saying to you-la, ‘Go ahead and pray Salat upon your-la father!’ Say, ‘I-la am not going to disobey my-la father regarding what he has bequeathed to me-la with, and he had said to me‑la that no one should pray Salat upon me except a sheykh from the clan of Umayya, and he is my uncle Marwan Bin Al-Hakam’.
فَقَدِّمْهُ وَ تَقَدَّمْ إِلَى ثِقَاتِ مَوَالِينَا وَ هُمْ يَحْمِلُونَ سِلَاحَهُمْ مُجَرَّداً تَحْتَ أَثْوَابِهِمْ فَإِذَا تَقَدَّمَ لِلصَّلَاةِ فَكَبَّرَ أَرْبَعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ فَاشْتَغَلَ بِدُعَاءِ الْخَامِسَةِ فَقَبْلَ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ فَلْيَقْتُلُوهُ فَإِنَّكَ تُرَاحُ مِنْهُ وَ هُوَ أَعْظَمُهُمْ عَلَيْكَ
Forward him, and you go ahead to our trusted friends, and they will be carrying their bare weapons beneath their clothing. When he goes ahead for the Salat and has exclaimed four Takbeer(s), he will be pre-occupied with supplication of the fifth. Before he performs Salaam, let them kill him, for you will be rested from him, and he is their mightiest upon you’.
فَنَمَى الْخَبَرُ إِلَى مَرْوَانَ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ فَأَسَرَّهَا فِي نَفْسِهِ وَ تُوُفِّيَ مُعَاوِيَةُ وَ حُمِلَ سَرِيرُهُ لِلصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا لِيَزِيدَ تَقَدَّمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مَا أَوْصَانِي مُعَاوِيَةُ إِلَّا أَنَّ مَرْوَانَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ يُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ
The new spread to Marwan-la, may Allah-azwj Curse him-la. He kept it within himself, and Muawiya died, and his bier was carried for the Salat upon him They said to Yazeed-la, ‘Go ahead!’ He-la said to them, ‘Muawiya did not bequeath me-la except that Marwan Bin Al-Hakam-la should pray Salat upon him’.
فَعِنْدَهَا قَدَّمُوا مَرْوَانَ فَكَبَّرَ أَرْبَعاً وَ خَرَجَ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ قَبْلَ دُعَاءِ الْخَامِسَةِ وَ اشْتَغَلَ النَّاسُ إِلَى أَنْ كَبَّرُوا الْخَامِسَةَ وَ أَفْلَتَ مَرْوَانُ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ
During it they forwarded Marwan-la. He exclaimed four and came out from the Salat before supplication of the fifth, and the people were pre-occupied until they exclaimed the fifth Takbeer, and Marwan-la, may Allah-azwj Curse him-la, escaped.
فَقَالُوا إِنَّ التَّكْبِيرَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ أَرْبَعُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ مَرْوَانُ مُبْدِعاً
They said, ‘Surely the Takbeer upon the decease are four Takbeer(s)’, lest Marwan-la becomes an innovator’.
فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنَّا يَا سَيِّدَنَا فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ نُكَبِّرَ أَرْبَعاً تَقِيَّةً
A speaker from us said, ‘O our Master-asws! Is it allowed for us to exclaim four Takbeer(s) four out of Taqiyyah (dissimulation)?’
فَقَالَ ع لَا هِيَ خَمْسٌ لَا تَقِيَّةَ فِيهَا.
He-asws said: ‘No! These are five. There is no Taqiyyah (dissimulation) in it’’.[206]
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 12 (Chapters on Funerals)
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 13 (Chapters on Funerals)
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 14 (Chapters on Funerals)
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 15 (Chapters on Funerals)
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 16 (Chapters on Funerals)
[17] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 17 (Chapters on Funerals)
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 18 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[19] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 18 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[20] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 18 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[21] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 19 (Chapters on Funerals)
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 20 (Chapters on Funerals)
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 21 (Chapters on Funerals)
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 22 (Chapters on Funerals)
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 23 (Chapters on Funerals)
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 24 (Chapters on Funerals)
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 25 (Chapters on Funerals)
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 26 (Chapters on Funerals)
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[34] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 g (Chapters on Funerals)
[36] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 h (Chapters on Funerals)
[37] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 i (Chapters on Funerals)
[38] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 j (Chapters on Funerals)
[39] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 k (Chapters on Funerals)
[40] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 l (Chapters on Funerals)
[41] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 m (Chapters on Funerals)
[42] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 27 n (Chapters on Funerals)
[43] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 28 (Chapters on Funerals)
[44] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 29 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[45] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 29 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[46] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 30 (Chapters on Funerals)
[47] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 31 (Chapters on Funerals)
[48] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 8 H 32 (Chapters on Funerals)
[49] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 12 (Chapters on Funerals)
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 13 (Chapters on Funerals)
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 14 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 14 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 14 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 14 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 14 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 14 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 14 g (Chapters on Funerals)
[69] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 14 h (Chapters on Funerals)
[70] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 14 i (Chapters on Funerals)
[71] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 15 (Chapters on Funerals)
[72] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 16 (Chapters on Funerals)
[73] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 17 (Chapters on Funerals)
[74] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 18 (Chapters on Funerals)
[75] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 19 (Chapters on Funerals)
[76] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 20 (Chapters on Funerals)
[77] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 21 (Chapters on Funerals)
[78] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 22 (Chapters on Funerals)
[79] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 23 (Chapters on Funerals)
[80] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 24 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[81] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 24 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 25 (Chapters on Funerals)
[83] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 26 (Chapters on Funerals)
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 27 (Chapters on Funerals)
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 28 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[86] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 28 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[87] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 28 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[88] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 28 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[89] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 28 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[90] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 29 (Chapters on Funerals)
[91] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 30 (Chapters on Funerals)
[92] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 31 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[93] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 31 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[94] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 32 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[95] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 32 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[96] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 32 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[97] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 33 (Chapters on Funerals)
[98] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[99] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[100] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[101] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[102] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[103] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[104] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[105] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[106] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[107] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[108] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[109] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 12 (Chapters on Funerals)
[110] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 13 (Chapters on Funerals)
[111] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 34 / 14 (Chapters on Funerals)
[112] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 35 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[113] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 35 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[114] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 36 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[115] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 36 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[116] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 36 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[117] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 37 (Chapters on Funerals)
[118] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 9 H 38 (Chapters on Funerals)
[119] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[120] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[121] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[122] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[123] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[124] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[125] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[126] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[127] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[128] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[129] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[130] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 12 (Chapters on Funerals)
[131] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 13 (Chapters on Funerals)
[132] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 14 (Chapters on Funerals)
[133] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 15 (Chapters on Funerals)
[134] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 16 (Chapters on Funerals)
[135] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 17 (Chapters on Funerals)
[136] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 18 (Chapters on Funerals)
[137] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 19 (Chapters on Funerals)
[138] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 20 (Chapters on Funerals)
[139] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 21 (Chapters on Funerals)
[140] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 22 (Chapters on Funerals)
[141] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 23 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[142] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 23 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[143] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[144] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[145] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[146] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[147] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[148] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[149] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[150] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[151] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[152] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[153] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[154] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 12 (Chapters on Funerals)
[155] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 13 (Chapters on Funerals)
[156] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 14 (Chapters on Funerals)
[157] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 15 (Chapters on Funerals)
[158] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 16 (Chapters on Funerals)
[159] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 17 (Chapters on Funerals)
[160] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 24 / 18 (Chapters on Funerals)
[161] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 25 (Chapters on Funerals)
[162] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 26 (Chapters on Funerals)
[163] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 27 (Chapters on Funerals)
[164] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 28 (Chapters on Funerals)
[165] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 29 (Chapters on Funerals)
[166] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 30 (Chapters on Funerals)
[167] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 31 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[168] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 31 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[169] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 32 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[170] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 32 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[171] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 33 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[172] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 33 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[173] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 34 (Chapters on Funerals)
[174] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 35 (Chapters on Funerals)
[175] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 36 (Chapters on Funerals)
[176] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 37 (Chapters on Funerals)
[177] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 38 (Chapters on Funerals)
[178] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 39 (Chapters on Funerals)
[179] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 40 (Chapters on Funerals)
[180] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 41 (Chapters on Funerals)
[181] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 42 (Chapters on Funerals)
[182] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 43 (Chapters on Funerals)
[183] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 44 (Chapters on Funerals)
[184] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 45 (Chapters on Funerals)
[185] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 46 (Chapters on Funerals)
[186] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 47 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[187] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 47 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[188] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 48 (Chapters on Funerals)
[189] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 49 (Chapters on Funerals)
[190] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 50 (Chapters on Funerals)
[191] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 51 (Chapters on Funerals)
[192] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 52 (Chapters on Funerals)
[193] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 53 (Chapters on Funerals)
[194] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 54 (Chapters on Funerals)
[195] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 55 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[196] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 55 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[197] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 55 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[198] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 56 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[199] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 56 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[200] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 56 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[201] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 57 (Chapters on Funerals)
[202] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 58 (Chapters on Funerals)
[203] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 59 (Chapters on Funerals)
[204] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 60 (Chapters on Funerals)
[205] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 61 (Chapters on Funerals)
[206] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 78 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 10 H 62 (Chapters on Funerals)