Volume 79
Part 1 out of 2
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
باب 11 أحكام الشهيد و المصلوب و المرجوم و المقتص منه و الجنين و أكيل السبع و أشباههم في الغسل و الكفن و الصلاة
CHAPTER 11 – RULINGS OF THE MARTYR, AND THE CRUCIFIED, AND THE STONED, AND THE EXECUTED FROM IT, AND THE FOETUS, AND THE DEVOURED BY THE WILD ANIMALS AND THEIR LIKE, REGARDING THE WASHING, AND THE SHROUDING, AND THE SALAT
1- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع لَمْ يُغَسِّلْ عَمَّارَ بْنَ يَاسِرٍ وَ لَا هَاشِمَ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ يَوْمَ صِفِّينَ وَ دَفَنَهُمَا فِي ثِيَابِهِمَا وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِمَا.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakhtari,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Ali-asws did not wash Ammar-ra Bin Yasser-ra, nor Hashim Bin Utba on the day of (battle of) Siffeen, and he-asws buried them in their clothes and prayed Salat upon them’’.[1]
2- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: إِذَا مَاتَ الْمَيِّتُ فِي الْبَحْرِ غُسِّلَ وَ كُفِّنَ وَ حُنِّطَ ثُمَّ يُوثَقُ فِي رِجْلِهِ حَجَرٌ فَيُرْمَى بِهِ فِي الْمَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnad’ – by the preceding chain from Ali-asws having said: ‘When the deceased had died in the sea (ship), he would be washed, and enshrouded, and embalmed, then a rock would be tied in his legs and he would be thrown with into the water’’.[2]
3- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَوْزَاءِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: يُنْزَعُ عَنِ الشَّهِيدِ الْفَرْوُ وَ الْخُفُّ وَ الْقَلَنْسُوَةُ وَ الْعِمَامَةُ وَ الْمِنْطَقَةُ وَ السَّرَاوِيلُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ أَصَابَهُ دَمٌ فَيُتْرَكُ وَ لَا يُتْرَكُ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ مَعْقُودٌ إِلَّا حُلَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Musa, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Asadabadi, from Ahmad Al Barqy, from Abu Al Jaroud, from Al Husayn Bin Ulwan, from Amro Bin Khalid,
‘From Zayd-as son of Ali-asws, from his forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘It shall be removed from the martyr – the fur coat, and the shoes, and the cap, and the turban, and the belt, and the trousers, except if blood had hit it, so it would be left, and nothing until would be left upon him except it would be loosened’’.[3]
4- الْعُيُونُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ عَنِ الْمُظَفَّرِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْقَزْوِينِيِّ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ الْقُمِّيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَامِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمَصْلُوبِ قَالَ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ جَدِّي صَلَّى عَلَى عَمِّهِ
(The book) ‘Al Uyoun’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Bashar, from Al Muzaffar Bin Ahmad Al Qazwiny, from Al Abbas Bin Muhammad Al Alawy, from Al-Hassan Bin Sahl Al Qummi, from Muhammad Bin Hamid, from Abu Hhashim Al Ja’fari,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about the Salat upon the crucified. He-asws said: ‘Don’t you know that my-asws grandfather (Al-Sadiq-asws) had prayed Salat upon his-saww uncle?’
قُلْتُ أَعْلَمُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنِّي لَمْ أَفْهَمْهُ مُبَيَّناً
I said, ‘I do know that, but I don’t understand it clearly’.
قَالَ أُبَيِّنُهُ لَكَ إِنْ كَانَ وَجْهُ الْمَصْلُوبِ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَقُمْ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَفَاهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَقُمْ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ
He-asws said: ‘I-asws shall clarify it for you. If the face of the crucified were to be towards the Qiblah, then stand by his right shoulder, and if his shoulder were to be towards the Qiblah, then stand by his left shoulder.
فَإِنَّ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ قِبْلَةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَنْكِبُهُ الْأَيْسَرُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَقُمْ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَنْكِبُهُ الْأَيْمَنُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَقُمْ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ مُنْحَرِفاً فَلَا تُزَايِلَنَّ مَنَاكِبَهُ وَ لْيَكُنْ وَجْهُكَ إِلَى مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ لَا تَسْتَقْبِلْهُ وَ لَا تَسْتَدْبِرْهُ الْبَتَّةَ
Supposing the Qiblah is in what is between the east and the west, and if his left shoulder were to be towards the Qiblah, then stand by his right shoulder, and if his right shoulder were to be towards the Qiblah, then stand by his left shoulder, however deviated he may be, do not move his shoulders, but let your face be towards what is between the east and the west, and neither face it nor back it anyway’.
قَالَ أَبُو هَاشِمٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ الرِّضَا ع قَدْ فَهِمْتَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
Abu Hashim said, ‘Then Al-Reza-asws said: ‘You have understood it, if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.[4]
5- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ فِي الشَّهِيدِ إِذَا قُتِلَ فِي مَكَانِهِ فَمَاتَ دُفِنَ فِي ثِيَابِهِ وَ لَمْ يُغَسَّلْ فَإِنْ كَانَ بِهِ رَمَقٌ وَ نُقِلَ عَنْ مَكَانِهِ فَمَاتَ غُسِّلَ وَ كُفِّنَ
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said regarding the martyr: ‘When he is killed in his place, so he dies, he would be buried in his clothes, and will not be washed. If there were to be last breath in him, and he is transferred from his place, so he dies, he will be washed and shrouded’.
قَالَ وَ قَدْ كَفَّنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص حَمْزَةَ ع فِي ثِيَابِهِ الَّتِي أُصِيبَ فِيهَا وَ زَادَهُ بُرْداً.
He-asws said: ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww had shrouded Hamza-as in his-as clothes which he-as had been hit in, and he-saww increased it (his-saww own) cloak’’.[5]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ فَأُصِيبَ مَنْ أُصِيبَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِدَفْنِهِمْ فِي ثِيَابِهِمْ وَ أَنْ يُنْزَعَ عَنْهُمُ الْفِرَاءُ وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِمْ.
And from Ali-asws having said: ‘When it was the day of (battle of) Badr, and the ones from the Muslims were hit, Rasool-Allah-saww instructed with burying them in their clothes, and to remove from them the fur coat, and he-saww prayed Salat upon them’’.[6]
6- مَجْمَعُ الْبَيَانِ، قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص فِي شُهَدَاءِ أُحُدٍ زَمِّلُوهُمْ بِدِمَائِهِمْ وَ ثِيَابِهِمْ.
(The book) ‘Majma Al Bayan’ –
‘He said, ‘The Prophet-saww said regarding martyrs of Ohad: ‘Wrap them in their blood and their clothes!’’[7]
7- الْمُعْتَبَرُ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ الْجَامِعِ لِلْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: الْمَقْتُولُ إِذَا قُطِعَ أَعْضَاؤُهُ يُصَلَّى عَلَى الْعُضْوِ الَّذِي فِيهِ الْقَلْبُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mo’tabar’ – copying from the book ‘Al Jamie’ of Al Bazanty – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from one of his companions, raising it,
‘He-asws said: ‘The killed one, when his limbs are cut off, the body parts in which is the heart, the Salat will be prayed upon it’’.[8]
وَ عَنِ الْجَامِعِ أَيْضاً عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَالَ: بَلَغَنِي عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّهُ يُصَلَّى عَلَى كُلِّ عُضْوٍ رِجْلًا كَانَ أَوْ يَداً أَوِ الرَّأْسَ جُزْءاً فَمَا زَادَ فَإِذَا نَقَصَ عَنْ رَأْسٍ أَوْ يَدٍ أَوْ رِجْلٍ لَمْ يُصَلَّ عَلَيْهِ.
And from ‘Al Jamie’ as well, from Ibn Al Mugheira who said,
‘It has reached me from Abu Ja’far-asws and he-asws had prayed upon all body parts, whether it was a leg, or hand, or the head cut off, and whatever is more. When there is a deficient from a head, or hand, or a leg, do not pray Salat upon it’’.[9]
تنقيح ثِقَةُ الْإِسْلَامِ فِي الْكَافِي بِسَنَدٍ مُرْسَلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِذَا وُجِدَ الرَّجُلُ قَتِيلًا فَإِنْ وُجِدَ لَهُ عُضْوٌ تَامٌّ صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَ دُفِنَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ عُضْوٌ تَامٌّ لَمْ يُصَلَّ عَلَيْهِ وَ دُفِنَ.
Review (Ahadeeth only) – The trusted one of Al-Islam (Kulayni) in Al-Kafi, by an unbroken chain, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When the man is found as killed, if the complete body parts are found, he would be prayed Salat upon and buried, and if complete body parts cannot be found, he would not be prayed Salat upon and buried’’.
رُوِيَ فِي دَعَائِمِ الْإِسْلَامِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يُصَلَّى عَلَى مَا وُجِدَ مِنَ الْإِنْسَانِ مِمَّا يُعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ إِذَا فَارَقَهُ مَاتَ.
It is reported in ‘Da’aim Al-Islam’ – ‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘It shall be prayed Salat upon whatever is found from the human being, from what is known when he is separated, he would die’’.
8- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، قَالَ ع وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمَيِّتُ أَكَلَهُ السَّبُعُ فَاغْسِلْ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا عِظَامٌ جَمَعْتَهَا وَ غَسَّلْتَهَا وَ صَلَّيْتَ عَلَيْهَا وَ دَفَنْتَهَا
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – He-asws said: ‘And if the deceased had been devoured by the wild animals, whatever remains from him would be washed, and there does not remain except bones, these would be collected and washed and Salat prayed upon these and buried.
وَ إِنْ مَاتَ فِي سَفِينَةٍ فَاغْسِلْهُ وَ كَفِّنْهُ وَ ثَقِّلْ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ أَلْقِهِ فِي الْبَحْرِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمَيِّتُ قَتِيلَ الْمَعْرَكَةِ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ لَمْ يُغَسَّلْ وَ دُفِنَ فِي ثِيَابِهِ الَّتِي قُتِلَ فِيهَا بِدِمَائِهِ وَ لَا يُنْزَعُ مِنْهُ مِنْ ثِيَابِهِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا يُتْرَكُ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ مَعْقُودٌ وَ تُحَلُّ تِكَّتُهُ وَ مِثْلُ الْمِنْطَقَةِ وَ الْفَرْوَةِ
And if he had died in a ship, wash him and shroud him, and make heavy his legs (by tying a rock) and throw him into the sea; and if the deceased had been killed in the battle in obedience of Allah-azwj, he will not be washed and buried in his clothes which he had been killed in wherein is his blood, and nothing from his clothes would be removed from him except that nothing tied would be left upon him and its bind would be loosened, and like the belt and the fur coat.
إِنْ أَصَابَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنْ دَمِهِ لَمْ يُنْزَعْ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ يُحَلُّ الْمَعْقُودُ وَ لَمْ يُغَسَّلْ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ بِهِ رَمَقٌ ثُمَّ يَمُوتَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَإِذَا مَاتَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ غُسِّلَ كَمَا يُغَسَّلُ الْمَيِّتُ وَ كُفِّنَ كَمَا يُكَفَّنُ الْمَيِّتُ وَ لَا يُتْرَكُ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ ثِيَابِهِ
If something from his blood had hit him, nothing would be removed from him, except the tied would be loosened, and he will not be washed, except if there happens to have last breath with him, then he dies after that. When he dies after that, he would be washed just as the deceased would be washed, and shrouded just as the deceased is shrouded, and nothing from his clothes would be left upon him.
وَ إِنْ كَانَ قُتِلَ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ غُسِّلَ كَمَا يُغَسَّلُ الْمَيِّتُ وَ ضُمَّ رَأْسُهُ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ فَيُغَسَّلُ مَعَ الْبَدَنِ كَمَا وَصَفْنَاهُ فِي بَابِ الْغُسْلِ فَإِذَا فَرَغَ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ جُعِلَ عَلَى عُنُقِهِ قُطْناً وَ ضُمَّ إِلَيْهِ الرَّأْسُ وَ شُدَّ مَعَ الْعُنُقِ شَدّاً شَدِيداً
And if he had been killed in disobedience of Allah-azwj, he would be washed just as the deceased is washed, and his head would be joined to his neck. He would be washed with the body like what we have described in the chapter of the washing. When he is free from his washing, cotton would be made to be in his neck and the head would be joined to it, and it would be tied with the neck with severe tightening.
وَ إِذَا مَاتَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ هِيَ حَامِلَةٌ وَ وَلَدُهَا يَتَحَرَّكُ فِي بَطْنِهَا شُقَّ بَطْنُهَا مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الْأَيْسَرِ وَ أُخْرِجَ الْوَلَدُ وَ إِنْ مَاتَ الْوَلَدُ فِي جَوْفِهَا وَ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ أَدْخَلَ إِنْسَانٌ يَدَهُ فِي فَرْجِهَا وَ قَطَعَ الْوَلَدَ بِيَدِهِ فَأَخْرَجَهُ
And when the woman dies while she is pregnant, and her child is moving in her belly, her belly would be split open from the left side and the child would be extracted; and if the child were to die in her inside and does not come out, a person would insert his hand in her private part and cut out the child with his hand and extract it.
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهَا تُدْفَنُ مَعَ وَلَدِهَا إِذَا مَاتَ فِي بَطْنِهَا وَ إِذَا أَسْقَطَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ كَانَ السِّقْطُ تَامّاً غُسِّلَ وَ حُنِّطَ وَ كُفِّنَ وَ دُفِنَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ تَامّاً فَلَا يُغَسَّلُ وَ يُدْفَنُ بِدَمِهِ وَ حَدُّ إِتْمَامِهِ إِذَا أَتَى عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ
And it is reported that she would be buried with her child when it were to die in her belly; and when the woman miscarries, and the miscarried were to be complete, it would be washed and embalmed and shrouded and buried; and if it does not happen to be complete, he would not be washed and buried with its blood; and the limit of its completeness is when four months have come upon it.
وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمَيِّتُ مَرْجُوماً بَدَأَ بِغُسْلِهِ وَ تَحْنِيطِهِ وَ تَكْفِينِهِ ثُمَّ رُجِمَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْقَاتِلُ إِذَا أُرِيدُ قَتْلُهُ قَوَداً وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمَيِّتُ مَصْلُوباً أُنْزِلَ مِنْ خَشَبَتِهِ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَ غُسِّلَ وَ دُفِنَ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ صَلْبُهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ.
And if the deceased had been stoned, begin with washing him and embalming him and shrouding him, then he would be stoned after that, and like that is the killer when a retaliator wants to kill him; and if the deceased were to be crucified, he would be brought down from his plant after three days, and washed, and buried, and it is not allowed to crucify him more than three days’’.[10]
بيان: أقول رَوَى الْكُلَيْنِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الَّذِي يُقْتَلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَ يُغَسَّلُ وَ يُكَفَّنُ وَ يُحَنَّطُ
Explanation (Ahadeeth only) – I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘It is reported by Al-Kulayni in Al-Saheeh, from Aban Bin Taghlib who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the one who is killed in the Way of Allah-azwj, ‘Should he be washed, and shrouded, and embalmed?’
قَالَ يُدْفَنُ كَمَا هُوَ فِي ثِيَابِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ بِهِ رَمَقٌ ثُمَّ مَاتَ فَإِنَّهُ يُغَسَّلُ وَ يُكَفَّنُ وَ يُحَنَّطُ وَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص صَلَّى عَلَى حَمْزَةَ وَ كَفَّنَهُ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ قَدْ جُرِّدَ.
He-asws said: ‘He should be buried just as he is in his clothes, except there happens to be last breath in him, then he dies. Then he should be washed, and shrouded, and embalmed, and Salat prayed upon him. Rasool-Allah-saww had prayed Salat upon Hamza-as and shrouded him‑as, he-as had been bare’’.
رَوَاهُ السَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا تُقِرُّوا الْمَصْلُوبَ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ حَتَّى يُنْزَلَ وَ يُدْفَنَ.
It is reported by Al-Sakuni, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Do not settle (keep) the crucified one after three days until he is descended and buried’’.
9- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع فِي الْمَرْأَةِ يَمُوتُ فِي بَطْنِهَا الْوَلَدُ فَيُتَخَوَّفُ عَلَيْهَا قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُدْخِلَ الرَّجُلُ يَدَهُ فَيَقْطَعَهُ وَ يُخْرِجَهُ إِذَا لَمْ تَرْفُقْ بِهِ النِّسَاءُ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakhtari,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws regarding the woman, her child dies in her belly so there is fear upon her. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with the man inserting his hand and cut it out and extract it when the women are not available for it’’.[11]
10- كِتَابُ مَقْصَدِ الرَّاغِبِ، قَالَ: قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي قَتْلَى صِفِّينَ وَ الْجَمَلِ وَ النَّهْرَوَانِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ أَنْ يُنْظَرَ فِي جِرَاحَاتِهِمْ فَمَنْ كَانَتْ جِرَاحَتُهُ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ لَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَيْهِ
The book ‘Maqsad Al Raghib’ –
He said, ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws decreed regarding the slain of (battles of) Siffeen, and Al-Jamal, and Al-Nahrwan, from his-asws companions: ‘Look into their injuries. The one whose injuries were to be from his behind, he will not be prayed Salat upon him’.
وَ قَالَ فَهُوَ الْفَارُّ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ مَنْ كَانَتْ جِرَاحَتُهُ مِنْ قُدَّامِهِ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ دَفَنَهُ.
And he-asws said: ‘He is the fleer from the (army) march, and one whom whose injuries were from his front, Salat will be prayed upon him and buried’’.[12]
11- وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَقَالَ إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَطَهِّرْنِي
And from him, from Ibrahim Bin Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, from his father, from his grandfather, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Aasim Bin Humeyd, from Muhammad Bin Qays,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘A man came to Amir Al-Momineen-asws. he said, ‘I have committed adultery, so purify me!’
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَ لَكَ زَوْجَةٌ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Is there a wife for you?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ
He said, ‘Yes’.
وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ الطَّوِيلَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ لَمَّا ثَبَتَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ بِإِقْرَارِهِ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ أَخْرَجَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع ثُمَّ أَخَذَ حَجَراً فَكَبَّرَ أَرْبَعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ ثُمَّ رَمَاهُ بِهِ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الْحَسَنُ ع مِثْلَهُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع مِثْلَهُ
And he (Abu Ja’far-asws) continued the lengthy Hadeeth up to he-asws said: ‘When the legal penalty was proven upon him due to his acknowledgment four times, Amir Al-Momineen-asws brought him out, then he-asws grabbed a stone. He-asws exclaimed four Takbeer(s), then pelted him with it. Then Al-Hassan-asws took similar to it. Then Al Husayn-asws took similar to it.
فَلَمَّا مَاتَ أَخْرَجَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ دَفَنَهُ فَقَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لِمَ لَا تُغَسِّلُهُ
When he had died, Amir Al-Momineen-asws extracted him. He-asws prayed Salat upon him and buried him. They said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Why did you-asws not wash him?’
قَالَ قَدِ اغْتَسَلَ بِمَا هُوَ مِنْهَا طَاهِرٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ.
He-asws said: ‘He has been washed with what he is purified from, up to the Day of Qiyamah’’.[13]
12- كِتَابُ زَيْدٍ الزَّرَّادِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يُسْتَحَبُّ لِلْمُصَلِّي أَنْ يَكُونَ بِبَعْضِ مَسَاجِدِهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَأْمَنُ أَنْ يَمُوتَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ لَا يُعْرَفُ فَيَحْضُرَهُ الْمُسْلِمُ فَلَا يَدْرِي عَلَى مَا يَدْفِنُهُ.
The book of Zayd Al Zarrad –
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘It is recommended for the one praying Salat that there should be impacts of Sajdah in one of his ‘Masjids’ (body parts used for Sajdah), for it is not safe that he might die in a place he is not known, so the Muslim would attend him, so he would not know upon what he should be buried’’.[14]
باب 12 الدفن و آدابه و أحكامه
CHAPTER 12 – THE BURIAL, AND ITS ETIQUETTES AND ITS RULINGS
الآيات المرسلات أَ لَمْ نَجْعَلِ الْأَرْضَ كِفاتاً أَحْياءً وَ أَمْواتاً
The Verses – (Surah) Al Mursalaat – Did We not Make the earth like a receptacle [77:25] (For) the living and the dead? [77:26].
1- الْعِلَلُ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الرَّافِقِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ قَبْرَ النَّبِيِّ ص رُفِعَ شِبْراً مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص أَمَرَ بِرَشِّ الْقُبُورِ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Al Husayn Bin Ahmad, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Al Husayn Bin Ali Al Rafiqi,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘The grave of the Prophet-saww was raised a palm’s span from the earth, and the Prophet-saww instructed with sprinkling (water on) the graves’’.[15]
بيان: لِرِوَايَةِ مُوسَى بْنِ أُكَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: السُّنَّةُ فِي رَشِّ الْمَاءِ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ أَنْ تَسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةَ وَ تَبْدَأَ مِنْ عِنْدِ الرَّأْسِ إِلَى عِنْدِ الرِّجْلِ ثُمَّ تَدُورَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ ثُمَّ تَرُشَّ عَلَى وَسَطِ الْقَبْرِ فَذَلِكَ السُّنَّةُ.
Explanation (Hadeeth) only – A report by Musa Bin Akeyl – from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Sunnah in sprinkling the water upon the grave is that you should face the Qiblah and begin from by the head to the leg, then rotate upon the grave from the other side, then sprinkle upon middle of the grave. That is the Sunnah’’.
2- مُنْتَهَى الْمَطْلَبِ، رَوَى الْجُمْهُورُ عَنِ السَّاجِيِّ فِي كِتَابِهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: لُحِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ نُصِبَ عَلَيْهِ اللِّبِنُ نَصْباً وَ رُفِعَ قَبْرُهُ عَنِ الْأَرْضِ قَدْرَ شِبْرٍ.
(The book) ‘Muntaha Al Matlab’ – It is reported by the majority, from Al Sajy in his book,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Jabir having said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was buried in a ‘Lahad’ and bricks were set up upon him-saww, and his-saww grave was raised from the ground a measurement of a hand span’’.[16]
وَ اللَّحْدُ هُوَ أَنْ يُشَقَّ لِلْمَيِّتِ فِي الْقَبْرِ مَكَانُهُ الَّذِي يُضْجَعُ فِيهِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْقِبْلَةَ مَعَ حَائِطِ الْقَبْرِ وَ الضَّرِيحُ أَنْ يُشَقَّ لَهُ وَسَطُ الْقَبْرِ.
And the ‘Lahad’ – it is the carving out for the deceased in the grave, his place which he will be lying in, from what follows the Qiblah with wall of the grave, and the mausoleum is carved out for him in middle of the grave.
3- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَنْ جَدَّدَ قَبْراً أَوْ مَثَّلَ مِثَالًا فَقَدْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abu Al Jaroud, from Al Asbagh Bin Nubata who said,
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘One who renovates a grave, or makes a resemblance (sculpts a sculpture) has exited from Al-Islam’’.[17]
تبيين مِنْ طَرِيقِ أَبِي الْهَيَّاجِ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَبْعَثُكَ عَلَى مَا بَعَثَنِي عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص- لَا تَرَى قَبْراً مُشْرِفاً إِلَّا سَوَّيْتَهُ وَ لَا تِمْثَالًا إِلَّا طَمَسْتَهُ.
Clarification (Ahadeeth only) – from the way of Abu Al-Hayyaj who said, ‘Ali-asws said: ‘I-asws shall send you upon what Rasool-Allah-saww had sent me – you will not see any dominant grave except you will flatten it, nor any statue except your will obliterate it’’.
الصَّدُوقُ ره فِي كِتَابِ مَعَانِي الْأَخْبَارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ النَّهِيكِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ مَثَّلَ مِثَالًا أَوِ اقْتَنَى كَلْباً فَقَدْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ
Al-Sadouq in the book ‘Ma’any Al-Akhbar’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from his uncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al-Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Al-Naheyki, by his chain, raising it to Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who makes a resemblance or keeps a dog has exited from Al-Islam!’
فَقِيلَ لَهُ هَلَكَ إِذاً كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ
It was said to him-asws, ‘The many of the people are destroyed!’
فَقَالَ لَيْسَ حَيْثُ ذَهَبْتُمْ إِنِّي عَنَيْتُ بِقَوْلِي مَنْ مَثَّلَ مِثَالًا مَنْ نَصَبَ دِيناً غَيْرَ دِينِ اللَّهِ وَ دَعَا النَّاسَ إِلَيْهِ وَ بِقَوْلِي مَنِ اقْتَنَى كَلْباً مُبْغِضاً لَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ اقْتَنَاهُ وَ أَطْعَمَهُ وَ سَقَاهُ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ.
He-asws said: ‘It isn’t where you are going (with it). I-asws meant by my-asws words: ‘makes a resemblance, one who sets up a religion other than the religion of Allah-azwj and calls the people to it; and by my-asws words: ‘one who keeps a dog’, is one who is hateful to us-asws, People-asws of the Household, keeping him, and feeding him, and quenching him. One who does that, so he has exited from Al-Islam’’.
4- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ جَرَّاحٍ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَا تَبْنُوا عَلَى الْقُبُورِ وَ لَا تُصَوِّرُوا سُقُوفَ الْبُيُوتِ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَرِهَ ذَلِكَ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father, from Al Nazr Bin Suweyd, from Al Qasim Bin Suleyman, from Jarrah Al Madainy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Do not build upon the graves nor draw pictures on ceilings of the houses, for Rasool-Allah-saww disliked that’’.[18]
تحقيق وَ قَدْ رَوَى يُونُسُ بْنُ ظَبْيَانَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُصَلَّى عَلَى قَبْرٍ أَوْ يُعْقَدَ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ يُبْنَى عَلَيْهِ.
Research (Ahadeeth only) – And it has been reported by Yunus Bin Zabyan, from Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww prohibited from praying Salat at a grave, or sitting upon it, or building upon it’’.
ثم قال وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع لَا يَصْلُحُ الْبِنَاءُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا الْجُلُوسُ.
Then he-asws said: ‘And it is reported by Ali son of Ja’far-asws from his brother-asws: ‘Neither is it correct the building upon it (grave) nor the sitting (upon it)’’.
وَ قَدْ نَقَلَ الصَّدُوقُ فِي الْفَقِيهِ عَنِ الْكَاظِمِ ع إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْمَقَابِرَ فَطَأِ الْقُبُورَ فَمَنْ كَانَ مُؤْمِناً اسْتَرْوَحَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ وَ مَنْ كَانَ مُنَافِقاً وَجَدَ أَلَمَهُ.
And it is transmitted by Al-Sadouq in ‘Al-Faqeeh’ – from Al-Kazim-asws: ‘When you enter the graveyard, tread the graves. The one who were to be a Momin will be comforted to that, and the one who were a hypocrite will feel its pain’’.
وَ رَوَى الصَّدُوقُ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ ع عَنْ زِيَارَةِ الْقُبُورِ وَ بِنَاءِ الْمَسَاجِدِ فِيهَا فَقَالَ زِيَارَةُ الْقُبُورِ لَا بَأْسَ بِهَا وَ لَا يُبْنَى عِنْدَهَا مَسَاجِدُ.
And it is reported by Al-Sadouq, from Sama’at, he asked him-asws about visiting the graves and building the Masjids in it. He-asws said: ‘Visiting the graves, there is no problem with it, and do not build Masjids by it’’.
وَ قَالَ الصَّدُوقُ وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لَا تَتَّخِذُوا قَبْرِي قِبْلَةً وَ لَا مَسْجِداً فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَعَنَ الْيَهُودَ حَيْثُ اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ.
And Al-Sadouq said, ‘And the Prophet-saww said: ‘Do not take my-saww grave as a Qiblah (direction for Salat), nor as a Masjid, for Allah-azwj the Exalted Cursed the Jews when they had taken graves of their Prophets-as as Masjids’’.
5- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ أُلْحِدَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص-.
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Ali-asws: ‘A ‘Lahad’ was formed for Rasool-Allah-saww’.[19]
وَ اللَّحْدُ هُوَ أَنْ يُشَقَّ لِلْمَيِّتِ فِي الْقَبْرِ مَكَانُهُ الَّذِي يُضْجَعُ فِيهِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْقِبْلَةَ مَعَ حَائِطِ الْقَبْرِ وَ الضَّرِيحُ أَنْ يُشَقَّ لَهُ وَسَطُ الْقَبْرِ.
And the ‘Lahad’ – it is the carving out for the deceased in the grave, his place which he will be lying in, from what follows the Qiblah with wall of the grave, and the mausoleum is carved out for him in middle of the grave.
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ ضَرَّحَ لِأَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع احْتَاجَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ جَسِيماً.
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having made a Mausoleum for his-asws father Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, being needy to that because he-asws was large-bodied’’.[20]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ فَرَشَ فِي لَحْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَطِيفَةً لِأَنَّ الْمَوْضِعَ كَانَ نَدِيّاً سَبِخاً.
And from Ali-asws having furnished (a piece of) velvet in the ‘Lahad’ of Rasool-Allah-saww, because the place was wet, swampy’’.[21]
وَ عَنْهُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا يُنْزِلُ الْمَرْأَةَ فِي قَبْرِهَا إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَ يَرَاهَا فِي حَيَاتِهَا وَ يَكُونُ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهَا يَلِي مُؤَخَّرَهَا وَ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالرِّجَالِ يَلِي مُقَدَّمَهُ وَ كُرِهَ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ فِي قَبْرِ وَلَدِهِ خَوْفاً مِنْ رِقَّةِ قَلْبِهِ عَلَيْهِ.
And from him-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, having said: ‘The woman, no one should descend in her grave except the one who used to see her during her lifetime, and he would be the foremost of the people with her holding her back, and foremost of the people with the men holding his front; and it is disliked for the man to descend into the grave of his child fearing from the softness of his heart upon him’’.[22]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِكُلِّ بَيْتٍ بَابٌ وَ بَابُ الْقَبْرِ مِمَّا يَلِي رِجْلَيِ الْمَيِّتِ فَمِنْهُ يَجِبُ أَنْ يُنْزَلَ وَ يُصْعَدَ مِنْهُ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘For every house there is a door, and door of the grave is from what follows the legs of the deceased. From it is obligated that he descends, and ascends from it’’.[23]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: شَهِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جِنَازَةً فَأَمَرَهُمْ فَوَضَعُوا الْمَيِّتَ عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْقَبْرِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْقِبْلَةَ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ فَنَزَلُوا وَ اسْتَقْبَلُوا اسْتِقْبَالًا فَأَنْزَلُوهُ فِي لَحْدِهِ وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ قُولُوا عَلَى مِلَّةِ اللَّهِ وَ مِلَّةِ رَسُولِهِ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-azwj attended a funeral. He-saww instructed them, so they placed the deceased down upon an edge of the grave from what follows the Qiblah, and he-saww instructed them, so they descended and received it welcomingly, so they descended him into his Lahad, and he-saww said to them: ‘Say, ‘Upon the religion of Allah-azwj and religion of His-azwj Rasool-saww!’’[24]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّهُ أَمَرَ أَنْ يُبْسَطَ عَلَى قَبْرِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ ثَوْبٌ وَ هُوَ أَوَّلُ قَبْرٍ بُسِطَ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْبٌ.
And from him-asws, he-asws had instructed a cloth be spread upon the grave of Usman Bin Mazoun, and it is the first grave a cloth had been spread upon’’.[25]
وَ عَنْهُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ جِنَازَةَ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَلَمَّا أَنْزَلُوهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ قَالَ أَضْجِعُوهُ فِي لَحْدِهِ عَلَى جَنْبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ لَا تَكُبُّوهُ لِوَجْهِهِ وَ لَا تُلْقُوهُ لِظَهْرِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلَّذِي وَلِيَهُ ضَعْ يَدَكَ عَلَى أَنْفِهِ حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكَ اسْتِقْبَالُ الْقِبْلَةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ قُولُوا اللَّهُمَّ لَقِّنْهُ حُجَّتَهُ وَ صَعِّدْ رُوحَهُ وَ لَقِّهِ مِنْكَ رِضْوَاناً.
And from him-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww attended a funeral of a man from the clan of Abdul Muttalib. When they descended him into his grave, he-saww said: ‘Lie him down in his Lahad upon his right side facing the Qiblah, and do not lay him prone upon his face nor cast him on his back!’[26]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ إِذَا دَفَنَ جِنَازَةً حَثَا فِي الْقَبْرِ ثَلَاثَ حَثَيَاتٍ.
And from Ali-asws: ‘Whenever Rasool-Allah-saww buried a deceased, poured in the grave three handfuls (of soil)’’.[27]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا حَثَا فِي الْقَبْرِ قَالَ إِيمَاناً بِكَ وَ تَصْدِيقاً لِرُسُلِكَ وَ إِيقَاناً بِبَعْثِكَ- هذا ما وَعَدَنَا اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ
And from Ali-asws, whenever he-asws poured (soil) into the grave, said: ‘Believing in You-azwj, and ratifying Your-azwj Rasool-saww, and certain of Your-azwj Resurrection, ‘This is what Allah and His Rasool promised us, and Allah and His Rasool spoke the Truth’. [33:22]’.
وَ قَالَ مَنْ فَعَلَ هَذَا كَانَ لَهُ بِمِثْلِ كُلِّ ذَرَّةٍ مِنَ التُّرَابِ.
And he-asws said: ‘One who does this, there would be for him, (Rewards) of every particle of the soil’’.[28]
وَ عَنْهُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا دَفَنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص رَبَّعَ قَبْرَهُ.
And from him-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, when he-asws had buried Rasool-Allah-saww, squared his-saww grave’’.[29]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا دَفَنَ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ مَظْعُونٍ دَعَا بِحَجَرٍ فَوَضَعَهُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِ الْقَبْرِ وَ قَالَ يَكُونُ عَلَماً لِيُدْفَنَ إِلَيْهِ قَرَابَتِي.
And from him-asws: ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww had buried Usman Bin Mazoun, called for a stone and placed it by the head of the grave, and said: ‘It would be a flag for my-saww relative to be buried to it’’.[30]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ كَرِهَ أَنْ يُعَمَّقَ الْقَبْرُ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَذْرُعٍ وَ أَنْ يُزَادَ عَلَيْهِ تُرَابٌ غَيْرُ مَا خَرَجَ مِنْهُ.
And from Ali-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, he-asws dislike for the grave to be deeper than three cubits, and to increase the soil upon it other than what had come out from it’’.[31]
وَ عَنْهُ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص رَشَّ قَبْرَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ بِالْمَاءِ بَعْدَ أَنْ سَوَّى عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ.
And from him-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww sprinkled the grave of Usman Bin Mazoun with the water after the soil had been evened upon it’’.[32]
6- الْعِلَلُ، لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص كَانَ إِذَا مَاتَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ يَرُشُّ قَبْرَهُ وَ يَضَعُ يَدَهُ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ لِيُعْرَفَ أَنَّهُ قَبْرُ الْعَلَوِيَّةِ وَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَصَارَتْ بِدْعَةً فِي النَّاسِ كُلِّهِمْ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ of Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Ibrahim who said,
‘The Prophet-saww was such, whenever a man from his-saww family members died, he-saww sprinkled upon his grave, and he-saww placed his-saww hand upon his grave in order for it to be known that it is a grave of the Alawiites and clan of Hashim from the Prophet-asws of Muhammad-saww. It (placing hand on the grave) became an innovation among the people, all of them, and that is not allowed’’.[33]
7- كِتَابُ عَبَّادٍ الْعُصْفُرِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْعَرْزَمِيِّ عَنْ ثُوَيْرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ عَنْ حَوْسِ بْنِ بعر قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ لِكُلِّ بَيْتٍ بَاباً وَ إِنَّ بَابَ الْقَبْرِ مِنْ قِبَلِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ.
The book of Abbad Al Usfary, from Ibn Al Urzamy, from Suweyr Bin Yazeed, from Khalid Bin Ma’dan, from Haws Bin Ba’r who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘For every house there is a door, and a door of the grave is from the direction of the legs’’.[34]
8- الْعُيُونُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبْدُوسٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ قَالَ: كَانَ فِيمَا كَتَبَ الرِّضَا ع لِلْمَأْمُونِ مِنْ مَحْضِ الْإِسْلَامِ الْمَيِّتُ يُسَلُّ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ يُرْفَقُ بِهِ إِذَا أُدْخِلَ قَبْرَهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Uyoun’ – from Abdul Wahid Bin Muhammad Bin Ubdous, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Quteyba, from Al Fazl Bin Shazan who said,
‘It was among what Al-Reza-asws had written for Al-Mamoun: ‘From the pure Al-Islam is the deceased being submitted from the direction of his legs and to be gentle with him when he is entered into his grave’’.[35]
9- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْهَيْثَمِ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَّانِ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ السِّنَانِيِّ وَ جَمَاعَةٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنْ تَمِيمِ بْنِ بُهْلُولٍ عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: الْمَيِّتُ يُسَلُّ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ سَلًّا وَ الْمَرْأَةُ تُؤْخَذُ بِالْعَرْضِ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّحْدِ وَ الْقُبُورُ تُرَبَّعُ وَ لَا تُسَنَّمُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Haysam, and Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan Al Qattan, and Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Sinani, and a group, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Zakariya, from Bakr Bin Abdullah Bin Habeeb, from Tameem Bin Bahloul, from Abu Muawiya, from Al Amsh,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The deceased should be submitted from direction of his legs sliding, while the woman would be taken width wise from direction of the Lahad, and the graves should be squared and not humped’’.[36]
بيان: عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ هَارُونَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِذَا أَدْخَلْتَ الْمَيِّتَ الْقَبْرَ إِنْ كَانَ رَجُلًا سَلِّ سَلًّا وَ الْمَرْأَةُ تُؤْخَذُ عَرْضاً فَإِنَّهُ أَسْتَرُ.
Explanation – Al-Samad Bin Haroun who said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘When the deceased is entered into the grave, if it was a man, he should be slid sliding (by the legs), and the woman would be taken width-wise, for it is more veiling’’.
10- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَشِّ الْمَاءِ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ قَالَ يَتَجَافَى عَنْهُ الْعَذَابُ مَا دَامَ النَّدَى فِي التُّرَابِ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkil, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sadabady, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of his companions said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws was asked about sprinkling the water upon the grave. He-asws said: ‘The Punishment would be forsaken from him for as long that there is wetness in the soil’’.[37]
11- إِكْمَالُ الدِّينِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ مُرَّةَ مَوْلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ فَانْتَهَى أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِلَى الْقَبْرِ أَرْسَلَ نَفْسَهُ فَقَعَدَ عَلَى حَاشِيَةِ الْقَبْرِ وَ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ فِي الْقَبْرِ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَكَذَا صَنَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَلَدِهِ.
(The book) ‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – from his father, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Himeyri, from Ibrahim Bin Mahziyar, from his brother Ali, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Muhammad Bin Abu Hamza, from Murrah a slave of Muhammad Bin Khalid who said,
‘When Ismail died, Abu Abdullah-asws ended to the grave. He-asws went on to sit upon edge of the grave and did not descend into the grave. Then he-asws said: ‘That is how Rasool-Allah-saww had done with his-saww son-as Ibrahim-as’’.[38]
توضيح رَوَى الْكُلَيْنِيُ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَتَى أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْقَبْرَ فَأَرْخَى نَفْسَهُ فَقَعَدَ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْكَ وَ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ قَالَ هَكَذَا فَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ ص بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ.
Clarification (Ahadeeth only) – This Hadeeth has been reported by Al-Kulayni, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Muhammad Bin Abu Hamza, from a man, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Ismail son of Abu Abdullah-asws died, Abu Abdullah-asws came to the grave and relaxed himself-asws. He-asws sat down, then said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, and Send Salawaat upon you’, and he-asws did not descend into his grave, and said: ‘That is how the Prophet-saww had done with Ibrahim-as’’.
عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا كَانَ فِي جِنَازَةٍ لَمْ يَجْلِسْ حَتَّى تُوضَعَ فِي اللَّحْدِ فَقَالَ يَهُودِيٌّ إِنَّا لَنَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ فَجَلَسَ وَ قَالَ خَالِفُوهُمْ.
Ubadah Bin Al Samit having said: ‘Whenever Rasool-Allah-saww was in a funeral did not sit down until he (deceased) was placed in the Lahad. A Jew said, ‘We (Jews) tend to do that!’ So, he-saww sat down, and said: ‘Oppose them!’’
لِصَحِيحِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع يَنْبَغِي لِمَنْ شَيَّعَ جِنَازَةً أَنْ لَا يَجْلِسَ حَتَّى تُوضَعَ فِي لَحْدِهِ.
‘Saheeh’ (Al-Tahzeeb) – Ibn Sinan, from Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘It is befitting for the one who escorts a funeral that he should not sit down until he (deceased) is placed in his Lahad’’.
12- إِخْتِيَارُ الرِّجَالِ لِلْكَشِّيِّ، عَنِ الْعَيَّاشِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحَسَنِ يَقُولُ مَاتَ يُونُسُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع بِحَنُوطِهِ وَ كَفَنِهِ وَ جَمِيعِ مَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ وَ أَمَرَ مَوَالِيَهُ وَ مَوَالِيَ أَبِيهِ وَ جَدِّهِ أَنْ يَحْضُرُوا جِنَازَتَهُ وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ هَذَا مَوْلًى لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ كَانَ يَسْكُنُ الْعِرَاقَ
(The book) ‘Ikhtiyar Al Rijaal’ of Al Kashi – from Al Ayyashi who said, ‘I heard Ali Bin Al-Hassan saying:
‘Yunus Bin Yaqoub died at Al-Medina. Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws sent his embalmment and his shroud to him, and entirety of what he would be needy to, and he-asws instructed his-asws friends, and friends of his-asws father-asws, and his-asws grandfather-asws to attend his funeral, and he-asws said to them: ‘This is a friend of Abu Abdullah-asws’, and he was settled in Al-Iraq.
وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ احْفِرُوا لَهُ فِي الْبَقِيعِ فَإِنْ قَالَ لَكُمْ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ إِنَّهُ عِرَاقِيٌّ وَ لَا نَدْفِنُهُ فِي الْبَقِيعِ فَقُولُوا لَهُمْ هَذَا مَوْلًى لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ كَانَ يَسْكُنُ الْعِرَاقَ فَإِنْ مَنَعْتُمُونَا أَنْ نَدْفِنَهُ فِي الْبَقِيعِ مَنَعْنَاكُمْ أَنْ تَدْفِنُوا مَوَالِيَكُمْ فِي الْبَقِيعِ
And he-asws said to them: ‘Dig for him in Al-Baqie, and if the people of Al-Medina say to you, ‘He is an Iraqi and he cannot be buried in Al-Baqie’, then say to them, ‘This is a friend of Abu Abdullah-asws, and he-asws was settled in Al-Iraq. If you were to prevent us from buried him in Al-Baqie, we will prevent you from your friends to be buried in Al-Baqie!’
فَدُفِنَ فِي الْبَقِيعِ وَ وَجَّهَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى إِلَى زَمِيلِهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُبَابِ وَ كَانَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ فَقَالَ صَلِّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْتَ.
He was buried in Al-Baqie, and Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws sent Muhammad Bin Al-Hubab to his colleague, and he was a man from the people of Al-Kufa. He-asws said: ‘You pray Salat upon him!’’[39]
عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ قَالَ: رَآنِي صَاحِبُ الْمَقْبَرِ وَ أَنَا عِنْدَ الْقَبْرِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِي مَنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ صَاحِبُ هَذَا الْقَبْرِ فَإِنَّ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى ع أَوْصَانِي بِهِ وَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَرُشَّ قَبْرَهُ أَرْبَعِينَ شَهْراً أَوْ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مَرَّةً فَقَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الشَّكُّ مِنِّي
Ali Bin Al-Hassan said, ‘Muhammad Bin Al-Waleed said, ‘Keeper of the graveyard (Al-Baqie) showed me, and I was by the grave after that. He said to me, ‘Who is this man, occupant of this grave? Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws Bin Musa-asws has advised me with him and instructed me to sprinkle his grave for forty months’ – or ‘forty day’, once during every day!’ – Abu Al-Hassan said, ‘The doubt is from me’.
قَالَ وَ قَالَ لِي صَاحِبُ الْمَقْبَرَةِ إِنَّ السَّرِيرَ عِنْدِي يَعْنِي سَرِيرَ النَّبِيِّ ص فَإِذَا مَاتَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ صَرَّ السَّرِيرُ فَأَقُولُ أَيُّهُمْ مَاتَ حَتَّى أَعْلَمَ بِالْغَدَاةِ فَصَرَّ السَّرِيرُ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي مَاتَ فِيهَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ
He said, ‘And keeper of the graveyard said to me, ‘The bier is in my possession’ – meaning bier of the Prophet-saww. Whenever a man from the clan of Hashim-as dies, the bier squeaks, so I say, ‘Which of them has died?’, until I come to known in the morning. The bier squeaked during the night in which this man had died’.
فَقُلْتُ لَا أَعْرِفُ أَحَداً مِنْهُمْ مَرِيضاً فَمَنْ ذَا الَّذِي مَاتَ
I said, ‘I don’t know anyone of them being sick. Who is that who has died?’
فَلَمَّا أَنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ جَاءُوا فَأَخَذُوا مِنِّي السَّرِيرَ وَ قَالُوا مَوْلًى لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَانَ يَسْكُنُ الْعِرَاقَ.
When it was the next morning, they came and took the bier from me and said, ‘A friend of Abu Abdullah-asws who had settled in Al-Iraq’’.[40]
13- مِصْبَاحُ الْأَنْوَارِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ قَالَ: إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ع لَمَّا احْتُضِرَتْ أَوْصَتْ عَلِيّاً ع فَقَالَتْ إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ فَتَوَلَّ أَنْتَ غُسْلِي وَ جَهِّزْنِي وَ صَلِّ عَلَيَّ وَ أَنْزِلْنِي قَبْرِي وَ أَلْحِدْنِي وَ سَوِّ التُّرَابَ عَلَيَّ وَ اجْلِسْ عِنْدَ رَأْسِي قُبَالَةَ وَجْهِي
(The book) ‘Masabih Al Anwaar’ –
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘When (Syeda) Fatima-asws faced death, she-asws bequeathed to Ali-asws. She-asws said: ‘When I-asws pass away, then you-asws take charge of my-asws washing, and prepare me-asws, and pray Salat upon me-asws, and descend me-asws into my-asws grave and make Lahad for me-asws, and even the soil upon me-asws, and sit by my-asws head facing my-asws face.
فَأَكْثِرْ مِنْ تِلَاوَةِ الْقُرْآنِ وَ الدُّعَاءِ فَإِنَّهَا سَاعَةٌ يَحْتَاجُ الْمَيِّتُ فِيهَا إِلَى أُنْسِ الْأَحْيَاءِ وَ أَنَا أَسْتَوْدِعُكَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَ أُوصِيكَ فِي وُلْدِي خَيْراً
Frequent from recitation of the Quran and the supplication, for it is a time the deceased is needy to comfort of the living, and I-asws entrust you-asws to Allah-azwj the Exalted, and bequeath you-asws goodness regarding my-asws children’.
ثُمَّ ضَمَّتْ إِلَيْهَا أُمَّ كُلْثُومٍ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ إِذَا بَلَغَتْ فَلَهَا مَا فِي الْمَنْزِلِ ثَمَّ اللَّهُ لَهَا
Then she-asws hugged Umm Kulsoum-as. She-asws said to him-asws: ‘When she-asws is an adult, for her-as is whatever is in the house, then Allah-azwj is for her-as’.
فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَ دَفَنَهَا لَيْلًا فِي دَارِ عَقِيلٍ فِي الزَّاوِيَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ مِنْ صَدْرِ الدَّارِ.
When she-asws passed away, Amir Al-Momineen-asws did that and buried her-asws at night in the house of Aqeel, in the third corner from the centre of the house’’.[41]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَمَّا وَضَعَ- فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْقَبْرِ قَالَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ وَ عَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ سَلَّمْتُكِ أَيَّتُهَا الصِّدِّيقَةُ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَوْلَى بِكِ مِنِّي وَ رَضِيتُ لَكِ بِمَا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَكِ
And from him,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws: ‘When Amir Al-Momineen-asws placed (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww in the grave, he-asws said: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful, and by Allah-azwj, and upon religion of Rasool-Allah-saww, Muhammad-saww Bin Abdullah-as! I-asws hereby submit you-asws, O you truthful woman, to the One-azwj Who is Foremost with you-asws than I-asws am, and am pleased for you-asws with what Allah-azwj the Exalted is Pleased for you-asws!’
ثُمَّ قَرَأَ مِنْها خَلَقْناكُمْ وَ فِيها نُعِيدُكُمْ وَ مِنْها نُخْرِجُكُمْ تارَةً أُخْرى
Then he-asws recited: ‘From it We Created you and into it We will Return you, and from it We will Extract you once again [20:55]’.
فَلَمَّا سَوَّى عَلَيْهَا التُّرَابَ أَمَرَ بِقَبْرِهَا فَرُشَّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءُ ثُمَ جَلَسَ عِنْدَ قَبْرِهَا بَاكِياً حَزِيناً فَأَخَذَ الْعَبَّاسُ بِيَدِهِ فَانْصَرَفَ بِهِ.
When he-asws had evened the soil upon her-asws, he-asws instructed with her-asws grave, so the water was sprinkled upon it. Then he-asws sat by her-asws grave crying, grieving. Al Abbas held his-asws hand and he-asws left with him’’.[42]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ الشَّفْعُ يَدْخُلُ الْقَبْرَ أَوِ الْوَتْرُ
And from him, from Jabir Bin Abdullah Al Ansari,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Will the two enter the grave or the one?’
فَقَالَ سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْكَ أَدْخَلَ فَاطِمَةَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا الْقَبْرَ أَرْبَعَةٌ.
He-asws said: ‘It is the same upon you. (Syeda) Fatima-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon her-asws, four had entered the grave upon her-asws’’.[43]
14- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَخْلَدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقَزْوِينِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع فَقُلْتُ لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ يُولَدُ الْإِنْسَانُ هَاهُنَا وَ يَمُوتُ فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Ali Bin Hatim, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Ibrahim Bin Makhlad, from Muhammad Bin Bashir, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abu Abdullah Al Qazwiny who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws. I said, ‘For which reason does the human being get born over here and he dies in another place?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمَّا خَلَقَ خَلْقَهُ خَلَقَهُمْ مِنْ أَدِيمِ الْأَرْضِ فَمَرْجِعُ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ إِلَى تُرْبَتِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘Because when Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Created His-azwj creatures, He-azwj Created them from surface of the earth, therefore every human being returns to his soil’’.[44]
15- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَجْلَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِذَا جِئْتَ بِأَخِيكَ إِلَى الْقَبْرِ فَلَا تَفْدَحْهُ بِهِ ضَعْهُ أَسْفَلَ مِنَ الْقَبْرِ بِذِرَاعَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةٍ حَتَّى يَأْخُذَ لِذَلِكَ أُهْبَتَهُ ثُمَّ ضَعْهُ فِي لَحْدِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Muhammad Bin Ajlan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws: ‘When you come with your brother to the grave, do not be sudden with him with the grave. Place him away from the grave by two cubits or three until he takes his readiness for that, then place him in his Lahad.
وَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تُلْصِقَ خَدَّهُ بِالْأَرْضِ وَ تَحْسِرَ مِنْ خَدِّهِ فَافْعَلْ وَ لْيَكُنْ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ مِمَّا يَلِي رَأْسَهُ وَ لْيَتَعَوَّذْ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَ لْيَقْرَأْ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ وَ الْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ وَ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ وَ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ ثُمَّ لْيَقُلْ مَا يَعْلَمُ حَتَّى يَنْتَهِيَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ.
And if you are capable of adhering his cheek with the ground and uncover from his cheek, then do so, and let the foremost of the people with him be from what follows his head, and let him seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the Satan-la, and let him recite Opening of the Book (Surah Al Fatiha), and ‘Al Moauzateyn’, and (Surah) Al Tawheed, and Ayat Al Kursi, then let him say what he known until he ends to his companion’’.[45]
قَالَ وَ رُوِيَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ بِالْمَيِّتِ الْقَبْرَ فَلَا تَفْدَحْ بِهِ الْقَبْرَ فَإِنَّ لِلْقَبْرِ أَهْوَالًا عَظِيمَةً وَ تَعَوَّذْ مِنْ هَوْلِ الْمُطَّلَعِ وَ لَكِنْ ضَعْهُ قُرْبَ شَفِيرِ الْقَبْرِ وَ اصْبِرْ عَلَيْهِ هُنَيْئَةً ثُمَّ قَدِّمْهُ قَلِيلًا وَ اصْبِرْ عَلَيْهِ لِيَأْخُذَ أُهْبَتَهُ ثُمَّ قَدِّمْهُ إِلَى شَفِيرِ الْقَبْرِ.
He said, ‘And it is reported in another Hadeeth –
‘When you come with the deceased to the grave, do not be sudden with him with the grave, for there are mighty horrors for the grave, and seek Refuge from the emerging horror, but place him near to the edge of the grave and be patient upon him for a while, then forward him a little, and be patient upon him. Let him take his readiness. Then forward him to the edge of the grave’’.[46]
16- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ يَقُولُ لَا تَنْزِلْ فِي الْقَبْرِ وَ عَلَيْكَ الْعِمَامَةُ وَ لَا الْقَلَنْسُوَةُ وَ لَا الْحِذَاءُ وَ لَا الطَّيْلَسَانُ وَ حُلَّ أَزْرَارَكَ فَذَلِكَ سُنَّةٌ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ali Bin Yaqteen who said,
‘I heard Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st saying: ‘Do not descend into a grave while there is a turban upon you, nor the cap nor the shoes, nor the pallium, and loosen your loin cloth (trouser), for that is a Sunnah from Rasool-Allah-saww’.
قُلْتُ فَالْخُفُّ
I said, ‘(What about) the socks?’
قَالَ فَلَا أَرَى بِهِ بَأْساً
He-asws said: ‘I-asws don’t see any problem with it’.
قُلْتُ لِمَ يُكْرَهُ الْحِذَاءُ
I said, ‘Why are the shoes disliked?’
قَالَ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَعْثُرَ بِرِجْلِهِ فَيَهْدِمَ.
He-asws said: ‘Fearing that he might stumble with his leg, and demolish (fall down)’’.[47]
بيان رَوَاهُ الْكُلَيْنِيُ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَا تَنْزِلِ الْقَبْرَ وَ عَلَيْكَ الْعِمَامَةُ وَ لَا الْقَلَنْسُوَةُ وَ لَا رِدَاءٌ وَ لَا حِذَاءٌ وَ حُلَّ أَزْرَارَكَ
Explanation – It is reported by Al-Kulayni from AbuBakr Al-Hazrami, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Do not descend into the grave while upon you is the turban, nor the cap, nor a robe, nor shoes, and loosen your loin cloth (trouser)’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ الْخُفُّ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘And the socks?’
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِالْخُفِّ فِي وَقْتِ الضَّرُورَةِ وَ التَّقِيَّةِ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with the socks in the time of necessity and the Taqiyyah (dissimulation)’’.
17- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِمَكَّةَ وَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يُصَلُّونَ إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَأَوْصَى إِذَا دُفِنَ أَنْ يُجْعَلَ وَجْهُهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَجَرَتْ فِيهِ السُّنَّةُ وَ نَزَلَ بِهِ الْكِتَابُ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Muawiya Bin Ammar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Al-Bara’a Bin Marour Al-Ansari was in Al-Medina and Rasool-Allah-saww was in Makkah, and the Muslims were praying Salat towards Bayt Al Maqdis. He bequeathed, when he is buried, his face should be made towards Rasool-Allah-saww. The Sunnah flowed regarding it and the Book was Revealed with it’’.[48]
18- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَتَخَلَّفَ عِنْدَ قَبْرِ الْمَيِّتِ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ بَعْدَ انْصِرَافِ النَّاسِ عَنْهُ وَ يَقْبِضَ عَلَى التُّرَابِ بِكَفَّيْهِ وَ يُلَقِّنَهُ وَ يَرْفَعَ صَوْتَهُ فَإِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ كُفِيَ الْمَيِّتُ الْمَسْأَلَةَ فِي قَبْرِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father raising it to,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘It is befitting that he should stay behind by the grave of the deceased, the foremost of the people with him, after the people have dispersed from him, and he should grab a handful of soil and indoctrinate him (Talqeen), and raise his voice (with it). When he does that, the deceased would be sufficed of the questioning in his grave’’.[49]
بيان: عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ الْبَاهِلِيِّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ: إِذَا مَاتَ أَحَدُكُمْ وَ سَوَّيْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ فَلْيَقُمْ أَحَدُكُمْ عِنْدَ قَبْرِهِ ثُمَّ لْيَقُلْ يَا فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانَةَ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْمَعُ وَ لَا يُجِيبُ
Explanation (Hadeeth only) – From Abu Umama Al Bahily, ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘When one of you dies, even out the soil upon him. Let one of you stand by his grave, then let him say, ‘O so and so, son of so and so mother!’, for he does hear and cannot answer.
ثُمَّ يَقُولُ يَا فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانٍ الثَّانِيَةَ فَيَسْتَوِي قَاعِداً ثُمَ لْيَقُلْ يَا فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانَةَ فَإِنَّهُ يَقُولُ أَرْشِدْنَا رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ
Then he should say, ‘O so and so, son of so and so father!’, secondly. He should sit upright, the let him say, ‘O so and so, son of so and so mother!’, for he (deceased) would be saying, ‘Guide us, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you!’
فَيَقُولُ اذْكُرْ مَا خَرَجْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ أَنَّكَ رَضِيتَ بِاللَّهِ رَبّاً وَ بِالْإِسْلَامِ دِيناً وَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيّاً وَ بِالْقُرْآنِ إِمَاماً
He should say, ‘Recall what you have come out upon from the world. Testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj, and Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and you are pleased with Allah-azwj as Lord-azwj, and with Al Islam as religion, and with Muhammad-saww as Prophet-saww, and with the Quran as an Imam.
فَإِنَّ مُنْكَراً وَ نَكِيراً يَتَأَخَّرُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا فَيَقُولُ انْطَلِقْ فَمَا يُقْعِدُنَا عِنْدَ هَذَا وَ قَدْ لُقِّنَ حُجَّتَهُ
So Munkar and Nakeer (questioning Angels), each one of them would stay back saying, ‘Let us go! We should not sit by this one, and he has already been indoctrinated his arguments’’.
فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَعْرِفْ أُمَّهُ
It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Supposing he does not know his mother?’
قَالَ فَلْيَنْسِبْهُ إِلَى حَوَّاءَ.
He-saww said: ‘Let him attribute him to Hawwa-as’’.
19- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ مَعاً عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ وَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ مَعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مُدْمِنُ خَمْرٍ وَ لَا سِكِّيرٌ وَ لَا عَاقٌّ وَ لَا شَدِيدُ السَّوَادِ وَ لَا دَيُّوثٌ وَ لَا قَلَّاعٌ وَ هُوَ الشُّرْطِيُّ وَ لَا رَتُوقٌ وَ هُوَ الْخُنْثَى وَ لَا خيوفٌ وَ هُوَ النَّبَّاشُ- وَ لَا عَشَّارٌ وَ لَا قَاطِعُ رَحِمٍ وَ لَا قَدَرِيٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father and Ibn Al Waleed, both together from Ahmad Bin Idrees and Muhammad Bin Al Attar, both together from Muhammad Al Ashari, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, raising it, said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘He will not enter the Paradise, neither a habitual of wine, nor an intoxicating one, nor disloyal (to parents), nor intensely black, nor a cuckold, nor a ‘Qala’a’, and he is the policeman, nor a ‘Ratuqun’, and he is the hermaphrodite, nor a ‘Khuyuf’, and he is the grave robber, nor a tithe (religious tax) collector, nor a cutter of kinship, nor a Qadirite (fatalist)’’.[50] (non-Shia source)
20- مَعَانِي الْأَخْبَارِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ أَنَّ رِيحَ الْجَنَّةِ تُوجَدُ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ أَلْفِ عَامٍ مَا يَجِدُهَا عَاقٌّ وَ لَا قَاطِعُ رَحِمٍ وَ لَا شَيْخٌ زَانٍ وَ لَا جَارٌّ إِزَارَهُ خُيَلَاءَ وَ لَا قَتَّاتٌ وَ لَا مَنَّانٌ وَ لَا جَعْظَرِيٌّ
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Abdullah, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Al Nazr, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as informed me-saww that the aroma of Paradise will be felt from a travel distance of a thousand years. He will not sense it, one disloyal (to parents), nor a cutter of kinship, nor an elderly adulterer, nor a tyrant whose trouser is pompous, nor a gossiper, nor a reproacher upon conferment, nor a ‘Ja’zary’’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا الْجَعْظَرِيُّ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘So what is ‘Al-Ja’zary’?’
قَالَ الَّذِي لَا يَشْبَعُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا.
He-saww said: ‘The one who is not satiated from the world’’.[51]
وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ وَ لَا جيوفٌ وَ هُوَ النَّبَّاشُ وَ لَا رنوفٌ وَ هُوَ الْمُخَنَّثُ وَ لَا جَوَّاظٌ وَ لَا جَعْظَرِيٌّ وَ هُوَ الَّذِي لَا يَشْبَعُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا.
And in another Hadeeth: ‘Not a ‘Juyouf’, and he is the grave robber, nor a ‘Ranouf’, and he is the effeminate, nor one swaggering in his walking, nor a ‘Ja’zary’, and he is the one not satiated from the world’’.[52]
21- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْمَقَابِرِ فَقَالَ يَا حَمَّادُ هَذِهِ كِفَاتُ الْأَمْوَاتِ وَ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْبُيُوتِ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ كِفَاتُ الْأَحْيَاءِ ثُمَّ تَلَا أَ لَمْ نَجْعَلِ الْأَرْضَ كِفاتاً أَحْياءً وَ أَمْواتاً.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Suleyman Bin Dawood, from Hammad Bin Isa,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having looked at the graves. He-asws said: ‘O Hammad! These are receptacles of the dead!’ And he-asws looked at the houses. He-asws said: ‘These are receptacles of the living’. Then he-asws recited: Did We not Make the earth like a receptacle [77:25] (For) the living and the dead? [77:26]’’.[53]
22- تَفْسِيرُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: نَظَرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي رُجُوعِهِ مِنْ صِفِّينَ إِلَى الْمَقَابِرِ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ كِفَاتُ الْأَمْوَاتِ أَيْ مَسَاكِنُهُمْ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى بُيُوتِ الْكُوفَةِ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ كِفَاتُ الْأَحْيَاءِ ثُمَّ تَلَا قَوْلَهُ تَعَالَى أَ لَمْ نَجْعَلِ الْأَرْضَ كِفاتاً أَحْياءً وَ أَمْواتاً.
Tafseer Ali Bin Ibrahim, said,
‘During his-asws return from (battle of) Siffeen, Amir Al-Momineen-asws looked at the graveyard. He-asws said: ‘These are receptacle of the dead!’ I.e., their dwellings. Then he-asws looked at Al-Kufa. He-asws said: ‘These are receptacle of the living!’ Then he-asws recited Words of the Exalted: Did We not Make the earth like a receptacle [77:25] (For) the living and the dead? [77:26]’’.[54]
23- الْإِحْتِجَاجُ، وَ غَيْبَةُ الطُّوسِيِّ، فِيمَا كَتَبَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ إِلَى الْقَائِمِ ع سُئِلَ عَنْ طِينِ الْقَبْرِ يُوضَعُ مَعَ الْمَيِّتِ فِي قَبْرِهِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ أَمْ لَا
(The book) ‘Al-Ihtijaj’, and ‘Ghayba’ –
‘Among what Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al-Himeyri wrote to Al-Qaim-ajfj asking about clay of the grave placed with the deceased in his grave, ‘Is that allowed or not?’
فَأَجَابَ ع يُوضَعُ مَعَ الْمَيِّتِ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ يُخْلَطُ بِحَنُوطِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
He-ajfj answered: ‘You can place with the deceased in his grave and mingle with his embalmment, if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.[55]
24- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: مَاتَ لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَلَدٌ فَحَضَرَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جِنَازَتَهُ فَلَمَّا أُلْحِدَ تَقَدَّمَ أَبُوهُ لِيَطْرَحَ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ فَأَخَذَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بِكَفَّيْهِ وَ قَالَ لَا تَطْرَحْ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ وَ مَنْ كَانَ مِنْهُ ذَا رَحِمٍ فَلَا يَطْرَحْ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Ali Bin Hatim, from Al Abbas Bin Muhammad Al Alaway, from Al-Hassan Bin Sahl, from Muhammad Bin Sahl, from Muhammad Bin Hatim, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Ubeyd Bin Zurara who said,
‘A son of one of the companions of Abu Abdullah-asws died. Abu Abdullah-asws attended his funeral. When he had been laid in the Lahad, his father came forward to drop the soil upon him. Abu Abdullah-asws held his hand and said: ‘Do not drop the soil upon him, and the one who was with sanctimony (Mahram) from him should not drop the soil upon him!’
فَقُلْنَا يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَ تَنْهَى عَنْ هَذَا وَحْدَهُ
We said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Are you-asws forbidding from this one only?’
فَقَالَ أَنْهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَطْرَحُوا التُّرَابَ عَلَى ذَوِي الْأَرْحَامِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُورِثُ الْقَسْوَةَ وَ مَنْ قَسَا قَلْبُهُ بَعُدَ مِنْ رَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ.
He-asws said: ‘I-asws am forbidding you all from dropping the soil upon the one with sanctity, for that inherits the cruelty, and the one whose heart is cruel will be distant from his Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[56]
25- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ يُرَبَّعُ الْقَبْرُ
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Ali Bin Hatim, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Al-Husayn, from Al-Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘For which reason is the grave squared?’
قَالَ لِعِلَّةِ الْبَيْتِ لِأَنَّهُ نَزَلَ مُرَبَّعاً.
He-asws said: ‘For the reason of the House (Kabah), because it descended squared’’.[57]
26- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ الرَّشَّ عَلَى الْقُبُورِ كَانَ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ كَانَ يُجْعَلُ الْجَرِيدُ الرَّطْبُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ حِينَ يُدْفَنُ الْإِنْسَانُ فِي أَوَّلِ الزَّمَانِ وَ يُسْتَحَبُّ ذَلِكَ لِلْمَيِّتِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakhtari,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘The sprinkling upon the grave took place in the era of the Prophet-saww, and he-saww would make the wet branch to be upon the grave when the person was buried, in the first timing, and that is recommended for the deceased’’.[58]
27- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ قَبْرَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص رُفِعَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ قَدْرَ شِبْرٍ وَ أَرْبَعِ أَصَابِعَ وَ رُشَّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءُ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakhtari,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws: ‘The grave of Rasool-Allah-saww was raised from the ground a measurement of a hand span and four fingers, and the water was sprinkled upon it’.
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع وَ السُّنَّةُ أَنْ يُرَشَّ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ الْمَاءُ.
‘Ali-asws said: ‘And the Sunnah is that the water be sprinkled upon the grave’’.[59]
28- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ حَمْزَةَ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْأَبْهَرِيِّ. عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ يُجَصَّصَ الْمَقَابِرُ وَ يُصَلَّى فِيهَا.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from Hamza Al Alawy, from Abdul Aziz Al Ahbary, from Muhammad Bin Zakariya, from Shueyb Bin Waqid, from Al-Husayn Bin Zayd,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww prohibited to plaster the graves and pray Salat in it’’.[60]
29- مَعَانِي الْأَخْبَارِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَارُونَ الزَّنْجَانِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ بِإِسْنَادٍ مُتَّصِلٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ تَقْصِيصِ الْقُبُورِ وَ هُوَ التَّجْصِيصُ وَ ذَاكَ أَنَّ الْجِصَّ يُقَالُ لَهُ الْقَصَّةُ يُقَالُ مِنْهُ قَصَصْتُ الْقُبُورَ وَ الْبُيُوتَ إِذَا جَصَصْتَهَا.
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’ – from Muhammad Bin Haroun Al Zanjany, from Ali Bin Abdul Aziz, from Abu Ubeyd Al Qasim Bin Sallam,
‘By a chain connected to the Prophet-saww, he-saww prohibited from ‘Taqsees’ of the graves, and it is the plastering, and that is because the plaster is called ‘Al-Qassa’. It is said, the plaster of the graves and the houses are from it, when you were to plaster these’’.[61]
بيان: وَ رَوَى الْكُلَيْنِيُ عَنِ الْعِدَّةِ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ: لَمَّا رَجَعَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع مِنْ بَغْدَادَ وَ مَضَى إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ مَاتَتْ لَهُ ابْنَةٌ بِفَيْدَ فَدَفَنَهَا وَ أَمَرَ بَعْضَ مَوَالِيهِ أَنْ يُجَصِّصَ قَبْرَهَا وَ يَكْتُبَ عَلَى لَوْحٍ اسْمَهَا وَ يَجْعَلَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ.
Explanation (Hadeeth only) – And it is reported by Al-Kulayni, from the number, from Sahl, from Ibn Mahboub, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub who said, ‘When Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws returned from Baghdad and he-asws went to Al-Medina. A daughter of his-asws died at Feyd. He‑asws buried her, and instructed one of his-asws slave to plaster her grave and write her name upon a tablet and make it to be in the grave’’.
و في موثقة علي بن جعفر لا يصلح البناء على القبر و لا الجلوس عليه و لا تجصيصه و لا تطيينه.
And in reliable (Al-Tahzeeb) by Ali son of Ja’far-asws: ‘Neither is the building upon the grave correct, nor is the sitting upon it, nor plastering it, nor perfuming it’’.
30- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا، قَالَ ع وَ إِذَا حَمَلْتَهُ إِلَى قَبْرِهِ فَلَا تُفَاجِئْ بِهِ الْقَبْرَ فَإِنَّ لِلْقَبْرِ أَهْوَالًا عَظِيمَةً وَ نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ هَوْلِ الْمُطَّلَعِ وَ لَكِنْ ضَعْهُ دُونَ شَفِيرِ الْقَبْرِ وَ اصْبِرْ عَلَيْهِ هُنَيْئَةً ثُمَّ قَدِّمْهُ إِلَى شَفِيرِ الْقَبْرِ وَ يُدْخِلُهُ الْقَبْرَ مَنْ يَأْمُرُهُ وَلِيُّ الْمَيِّتِ إِنْ شَاءَ شَفْعاً وَ إِنْ شَاءَ وَتْراً
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – He-asws said: ‘And when you carry him to his grave, do not be sudden with him with the grave, for there are mighty horrors for the grave, and we seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the emerging horror, but place him down besides the edge of the grave, and be patient upon him for a while. Then he shall forward him to the edge of the grave and enter him into the grave the one whom guardian of the deceased instructs. If he so desires, two, and if he so desires, one.
وَ قُلْ إِذَا نَظَرْتَ إِلَى الْقَبْرِ- اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهَا رَوْضَةً مِنْ رِيَاضِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ لَا تَجْعَلْهَا حُفْرَةً مِنْ حُفَرِ النِّيرَانِ
And say, when you look at the grave, ‘O Allah-azwj! Make it a garden from the gardens of Paradise and do not Make it a pit from the pits of the fires!’
فَإِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْقَبْرَ فَاقْرَأْ أُمَّ الْكِتَابِ وَ الْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ وَ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ
When you enter the grave, then recited Mother of the Book (Surah Al Fatiha), and ‘Al Moauzateyn’, and ‘Ayat Al Kursy’.
فَإِذَا تَوَسَّطْتَ الْمَقْبَرَةَ فَاقْرَأْ أَلْهَيكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ وَ اقْرَأْ مِنْها خَلَقْناكُمْ وَ فِيها نُعِيدُكُمْ وَ مِنْها نُخْرِجُكُمْ تارَةً أُخْرى
When you are in the middle of the graveyard, then recite (Surah) Al Takasur, and recite: ‘From it We Created you and into it We will Return you, and from it We will Extract you once again [20:55]’.
وَ إِذَا تَنَاوَلْتَ الْمَيِّتَ فَقُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ عَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ-
And when you take the deceased, then say, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj, and in the Way of Allah‑azwj, and upon the religion of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
ثُمَّ ضَعْهُ فِي لَحْدِهِ عَلَى يَمِينِهِ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ حُلَّ عُقَدَ كَفَنِهِ وَ ضَعْ خَدَّهُ عَلَى التُّرَابِ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ جَافِ الْأَرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ وَ صَعِّدْ إِلَيْكَ رُوحَهُ وَ لَقِّهِ مِنْكَ رِضْوَاناً
Then place him in his Lahad on his right side facing the Qiblah, and loosen the knot of his shroud, and place his cheek upon the soil and say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Dry the ground on his sides and Ascend his soul to You-azwj let him meet the Pleasure from You-azwj!’
ثُمَّ تُدْخِلُ يَدَكَ الْيُمْنَى تَحْتَ مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ وَ تَضَعُ يَدَكَ الْيُسْرَى عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ وَ تُحَرِّكُهُ تَحْرِيكاً شَدِيداً وَ تَقُولُ يَا فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانٍ اللَّهُ رَبُّكَ وَ مُحَمَّدٌ ص نَبِيُّكَ وَ الْإِسْلَامُ دِينُكَ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَلِيُّكَ وَ إِمَامُكَ وَ تُسَمِّي الْأَئِمَّةَ وَاحِداً وَاحِداً إِلَى آخِرِهِمْ ع ثُمَّ تُعِيدُ عَلَيْهِ التَّلْقِينَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى
Then insert your right hand under his right shoulder and place your left hand upon his left shoulder, and move him with strong movement and say, ‘O so and so, son of so and so! Allah‑azwj is your Lord-azwj, and Muhammad-saww is your Prophet-asws, and Al-Islam is your religion, and Ali-asws is your Guardian-asws and your Imam-asws’ – and name the Imams-asws one by one up to their-asws last one. Then repeat the indoctrination upon him once again.
فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَ عَلَيْهِ اللَّبِنَ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ آنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ وَ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ بِرَحْمَتِكَ اللَّهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ ابْنُ أَمَتِكَ نَزَلَ بِسَاحَتِكَ وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ وَ اغْفِرْ لَهُ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ
When the brick is placed upon him, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Comfort his dreariness, and Connect his loneliness by Your-azwj Mercy. O Allah-azwj! Your-azwj servant and son of Your-azwj servant, and son of Your-azwj maid has descended in Your-azwj courtyard, and You-azwj are the best Host with him. O Allah-azwj! If he was a good doer, then Increase in his goodness, and if he was an evil doer, then Overlook from him and Forgive (sins) for him. You-azwj are the Forgiving, the Merciful!’
وَ إِنْ كَانَتِ امْرَأَةً فَخُذْهَا بِالْعَرْضِ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّحْدِ وَ تَأْخُذُ الرَّجُلَ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ تَسُلُّهُ سَلًّا فَإِذَا أُدْخِلَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ الْقَبْرَ وَقَفَ زَوْجُهَا مِنْ مَوْضِعٍ يَنَالُ وَرِكَهَا فَإِذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الْقَبْرِ فَقُلْ وَ أَنْتَ تَنْفُضُ يَدَيْكَ مِنَ التُّرَابِ- إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ
And if it were to be a woman, take her with her width from direction of the Lahad, and take the man from direction of his legs, sliding him a gentle slid. When the woman is entered into the grave, her husband should stand from a place he can reach her hips. When you come out from the grave, then say while should are shaking your hand from the soil, ‘We are for Allah‑azwj are returning to Him-azwj’.
ثُمَّ احْثُ التُّرَابَ عَلَيْهِ بِظَهْرِ كَفَّيْكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِيمَاناً بِكَ وَ تَصْدِيقاً بِكِتَابِكَ- هذا ما وَعَدَنَا اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ وَ قَالَ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَةَ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بِكُلِّ ذَرَّةٍ حَسَنَةً
Then shove the soil upon him with the back of your palm, three times, and say, ‘O Allah‑azwj Believing in You-azwj, and ratifying Your-azwj Book. ‘This is what Allah and His Rasool promised us, and Allah and His Rasool spoke the Truth’. [33:22]’, for the one who does that and says these phrases, Allah-azwj would Write a good deed for him with every particle (of soil).
فَإِذَا اسْتَوَى قَبْرُهُ فَصُبَّ عَلَيْهِ مَاءً وَ تَجْعَلُ الْقَبْرَ أَمَامَكَ وَ أَنْتَ مُسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ تَبْدَأُ بِصَبِّ الْمَاءِ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَأْسِهِ وَ تَدُورُ بِهِ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ ثُمَّ مِنْ أَرْبَعِ جَوَانِبِ الْقَبْرِ حَتَّى تَرْجِعَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَقْطَعَ الْمَاءَ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ شَيْءٌ فَصُبَّهُ عَلَى وَسَطِ الْقَبْرِ
Then even his grave and pour water upon it, and make the grave to be in front of you while you are facing the Qiblah, and begin pouring the water from his head and rotate with it upon the grave, then from four sides of the grave until you return, from without cutting the water. If there is something from the surplus water, pour it upon middle of the grave.
ثُمَّ ضَعْ يَدَكَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ وَ أَنْتَ مُسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ فَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ ارْحَمْ غُرْبَتَهُ وَ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ وَ آنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ وَ آمِنْ رَوْعَتَهُ وَ أَفِضْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ وَ أَسْكِنْ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ بَرْدِ عَفْوِكَ وَ سَعَةِ غُفْرَانِكَ وَ رَحْمَتِكَ رَحْمَةً يَسْتَغْنِي بِهَا عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ وَ احْشُرْهُ مَعَ مَنْ كَانَ يَتَوَلَّاهُ
Then place your hand upon the grave while you are facing the Qiblah, and say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Have Mercy on his estrangement, and Connect his loneliness, and Comfort his dreariness, and Secure his sacredness, and Pour upon him from Your-azwj Mercy, and Settle to him from the coolness of Your-azwj Pardon, and Vastness of Your-azwj Forgiveness and Your-azwj Mercy, such a Mercy he can been needless with it from mercy of the ones apart from You-azwj, and Resurrect him with the ones he used to befriend’.
وَ مَتَى مَا زُرْتَ قَبْرَهُ فَادْعُ لَهُ بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ وَ أَنْتَ مُسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ يَدَاكَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ
And whenever you visit his grave, then supplicate with this supplication while you are facing the Qiblah while your hands are upon the grave.
وَ يُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ يَتَخَلَّفَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ بَعْدَ انْصِرَافِ النَّاسِ عَنْهُ وَ يَقْبِضَ عَلَى التُّرَابِ بِكَفَّيْهِ وَ يُلَقِّنَهُ بِرَفْعِ صَوْتِهِ فَإِنَّهُ إِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ كُفِيَ الْمَسْأَلَةَ فِي قَبْرِهِ
And it is recommended that the foremost of the people with him should stay behind by his head after the people have dispersed from him, and he should grab a handful of soil and indoctrinate him (Talqeen) by raising his voice, for when he does that, he would be sufficed of the questioning in his grave.
وَ السُّنَّةُ أَنَّ الْقَبْرَ تُرْفَعُ أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ مُفَرَّجَةً مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ فَلَا بَأْسَ وَ يَكُونُ مُسَطَّحاً لَا يَكُونُ مُسَنَّماً
And the Sunnah is that the grave should be raised to four separated fingers from the ground, and if it were to be more, there is no problem, and it should be flat, and not humped’.
وَ قَالَ قَالَ الْعَالِمُ ع كَتَبَ أَبِي فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ أَنْ أُكَفِّنَهُ فِي ثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَ شَقَقْنَا لَهُ الْقَبْرَ شَقّاً مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ رَجُلًا بَدِيناً وَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَجْعَلَ ارْتِفَاعَ قَبْرِهِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَصَابِعَ مُفَرَّجَاتٍ
And he (the narrator) said, ‘The Scholar-asws said: ‘My-asws father-asws wrote in his-asws bequest that I-asws should enshroud him-asws in three clothes’ – and he-asws continued the Hadeeth to his-asws words: ‘And we-asws cleaved the grave for him-asws with a cleaving for a reason that he‑asws was a large-bodied person, and he-asws had instructed me-asws that I-asws should make the height of his-asws grave, four open fingers’.
وَ قَالَ تَتَوَضَّأُ إِذَا أَدْخَلْتَ الْقَبْرَ الْمَيِّتَ وَ اغْتَسِلْ إِذَا غَسَّلْتَ وَ لَا تَغْتَسِلُ إِذَا حَمَلْتَهُ
And he-asws said: ‘Perform Wud’u when you enter the deceased into the grave and wash when you wash (him), and do not wash when you carry him’.
وَ قَالَ ع إِذَا أَتَيْتَ بِهِ الْقَبْرَ فَسُلَّهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ رَأْسِهِ وَ إِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ فَاقْرَأْ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَ قُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ عَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ أَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ ص وَ قُلْ كَمَا قُلْتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَ اسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتَ
And he-asws said: ‘When you come with him to the grave, then remove him from direction of his head, and when you place him in the grave, then recite Ayat Al Kursi, and say, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj, and in the Way of Allah-azwj, and upon religion of Rasool-Allah-saww. O Allah-azwj! Expand for him in his grave, and Join him with his Prophet-saww’, and say like what you say in the Salat one time, and seek Forgiveness for him whatever you can’.
قَالَ وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع إِذَا أَدْخَلَ الْمَيِّتَ الْقَبْرَ قَامَ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ جَافِ الْأَرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ وَ صَعِّدْ عَمَلَهُ وَ لَقِّهِ مِنْكَ رِضْوَاناً.
He-asws said: ‘And it was so, whenever Ali Bin Al-Husayn-asws entered the deceased into the grave, he-asws stood at his grave, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Dry the earth from his sides, and Ascend his deeds, and let him meet Pleasure from You-azwj’’.[62]
إيضاح قوله وقف زوجها رُوِيَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: يَكُونُ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالْمَرْأَةِ فِي مُؤَخَّرِهَا.
Clarification (Hadeeth only) – His-asws words regarding pausing by her husband, it is reported from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘He would be foremost of the people with the woman in staying behind with her (after burial)’’.
و قال في المنتهى اللحد أفضل من الشق و هو قول العلماء رَوَى الْجُمْهُورُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: اللَّحْدُ لَنَا وَ الشَّقُّ لِغَيْرِنَا.
And he said in ‘Al-Muntaha’, the ‘Lahad’ is superior to the cleaving, and it is words of the scholars. It is reported by the audience, from Ibn Abbas, from the Prophet-saww: ‘The ‘Lahad’ is for us and the cleaving is for others’’.
رَوَى الْكُلَيْنِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ الرَّجُلُ يُغَمِّضُ عَيْنَ الْمَيِّتِ عَلَيْهِ غُسْلٌ
It is reported by Al-Kulayni in ‘Al-Saheeh’, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, from one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws), he (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘The man closing the eyes of the deceased, upon him is to wash’.
قَالَ إِذَا مَسَّهُ بِحَرَارَتِهِ فَلَا وَ لَكِنْ إِذَا مَسَّهُ بَعْدَ مَا يَبْرُدُ فَلْيَغْتَسِلْ وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَنْ حَمَلَهُ عَلَيْهِ غُسْلٌ قَالَ لَا
He-asws said: ‘When he touches him being with his heat, so no, but when he touches him after his having gone cold, let him wash’ – and he (the narrator) continued the Hadeeth up to he said, ‘I said, ‘The one who carries him, is upon him to wash?’ He-asws said: ‘No’.
قُلْتُ فَمَنْ أَدْخَلَهُ الْقَبْرَ عَلَيْهِ وُضُوءٌ قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَتَوَضَّأَ مِنْ تُرَابِ الْقَبْرِ إِنْ شَاءَ.
I said, ‘The one who enters him into the grave, is the Wud’u upon him?’ He-asws said: ‘No, except he can perform Wud’u (Tayammum) from soil of the grave if he so desires to’’.
31- مُنْتَهَى الْمَطْلَبِ، قَالَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً كَانَتْ تَزْنِي وَ تَضَعُ أَوْلَادَهَا فَتُحْرِقُهُمْ بِالنَّارِ خَوْفاً مِنْ أَهْلِهَا وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِهَا غَيْرُ أُمِّهَا
(The book) ‘Muntaha Al Matlab’ –
He said, ‘It is reported that a woman used to commit adultery and give birth to her children, and she burnt them with the fire fearing from her family, and not one knew of her apart from her mother.
فَلَمَّا مَاتَتْ دُفِنَتْ فَانْكَشَفَ التُّرَابُ عَنْهَا وَ لَمْ تَقْبَلْهَا الْأَرْضُ فَنُقِلَتْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَكَانِ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ فَجَرَى لَهَا ذَلِكَ فَجَاءَ أَهْلُهَا إِلَى الصَّادِقِ ع وَ حَكَوْا لَهُ الْقِصَّةَ
When she died, she was buried. The soil was uncovered from her and the earth did not accept her. She was transferred from that place to somewhere else. That (still) flowed for her. Her family came to Al-Sadiq-asws and they narrated the story to him-asws.
فَقَالَ لِأُمِّهَا مَا كَانَتْ تَصْنَعُ هَذِهِ فِي حَيَاتِهَا مِنَ الْمَعَاصِي فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ بِبَاطِنِ أَمْرِهَا
He-asws said to her mother: ‘What acts of disobedience had this one done during her lifetime?’ She informed him-asws of her hidden matter.
فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لَا تَقْبَلُ هَذِهِ لِأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تُعَذِّبُ خَلْقَ اللَّهِ بِعَذَابِ اللَّهِ اجْعَلُوا فِي قَبْرِهَا مِنْ تُرْبَةِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع
Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘The earth will not accept this one because she had tormented the creatures of Allah-azwj with the Punishment of Allah-azwj. Make the soil of Al-Husayn-asws to be in her grave’.
فَفُعِلَ ذَلِكَ بِهَا فَسَتَرَهَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى.
That was done with her, and Allah-azwj the Exalted Covered her (she was buried)’’.[63]
32- الْمِصْبَاحُ لِلشَّيْخِ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عِيسَى أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع يَقُولُ مَا عَلَى أَحَدِكُمْ إِذَا دَفَنَ الْمَيِّتَ وَ وَسَّدَهُ التُّرَابَ أَنْ يَضَعَ مُقَابِلَ وَجْهِهِ لَبِنَةً مِنَ الطِّينِ وَ لَا يَضَعَهَا تَحْتَ رَأْسِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Misbah’ of the sheykh – from Ja’far Bin Isa,
‘He heard Abu Al-Hassan-asws saying: ‘What is upon one of you is, when the deceased is buried and the soil blocks him, he should place a clay brick parallel to his face and not place it under his head’’.[64]
بيان: الظاهر أن اللام في الطين للعهد و المراد طين قبر الحسين ع كما فهمه الشيخ و أورد الرواية في أخبار فضل التربة المقدسة.
Explanation – The apparent is that the (letter) ‘Laam’ in the clay of the Lahad, and intended is clay of the grave of Al-Husayn-asws, like what the sheykh has understood, and the merits of the Holy soil have been referred in the Ahadeeth.
33- الْعُيُونُ وَ الْعِلَلُ، فِي عِلَلِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع فَإِنْ قَالَ فَلِمَ أُمِرُوا بِدَفْنِ الْمَيِّتِ
(The books) ‘Al Uyoun’, and ‘Al Ilal’ – ‘Ilal’ of Al Fazl Bin Shazan,
‘From Al-Reza-asws (in an argumentation): ‘If he says, ‘Why have they been Commanded with burying the deceased?’
قِيلَ لِئَلَّا يَظْهَرَ النَّاسُ عَلَى فَسَادِ جَسَدِهِ وَ قُبْحِ مَنْظَرِهِ وَ تَغْيِيرِ رِيحِهِ وَ لَا يَتَأَذَّى بِهِ الْأَحْيَاءُ وَ بِرِيحِهِ وَ رُبَّمَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْآفَةِ وَ الْفَسَادِ وَ لِيَكُونَ مَسْتُوراً عَنِ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ وَ الْأَعْدَاءِ فَلَا يَشْمَتَ عَدُوٌّ وَ لَا يَحْزَنَ صَدِيقٌ.
It will be said, ‘Lest it is revealed to the people, spoiling of his body, and ugliness of his scenery, and change of his smell, and the living will not be harmed by him and his smell, and perhaps the scourge and the spoiling would come upon him and he would be covered from the friends and the enemies, so neither will an enemy gloat nor will a friend grieve’’.[65]
34- ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، وَ أَعْلَامُ الدِّينِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِمَا إِلَى أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنِ احْتَفَرَ لِمُسْلِمٍ قَبْراً مُحْتَسِباً حَرَّمَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّارِ وَ بَوَّأَهُ بَيْتاً فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ أَوْرَدَهُ حَوْضاً فِيهِ مِنَ الْأَبَارِيقِ عَدَدَ النُّجُومِ عَرْضُهُ مَا بَيْنَ أُبُلَّةَ وَ صَنْعَاءَ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’, and ‘A’lam Al Deen, by their chains to Abu Hureyra and Ibn Abbas who both said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who digs a grave for a Muslim anticipating (Rewards), Allah‑azwj will Prohibit him unto the Fire, and his abode will be a house in the Paradise, and Make him arrive to a fountain wherein are pitchers the number of stars, and it’s width is what is between Ubullah and Sana’a’’.[66]
بيان الْأُبُلَّةُ اسم جبل بين مكة و المدينة قرب ينبع.
Explanation – ‘Ubullah’ is a name of a mountain between Makkah and Al-Medina, near Yanbu.
35- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، وَ الْعُيُونُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ زِيَادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ نَاتَانَةَ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هِشَامٍ الْمُؤَدِّبِ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْوَرَّاقِ كُلِّهِمْ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّلْتِ الْهَرَوِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع فِي حَدِيثٍ إِنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُ سَيُحْفَرُ لِي فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ فَتَأْمُرُهُمْ أَنْ يَحْفِرُوا لِي سَبْعَ مَرَاقِيَ إِلَى أَسْفَلَ وَ أَنْ يُشَقَّ لِي ضَرِيحَهُ فَإِنْ أَبَوْا إِلَّا أَنْ يَلْحَدُوا فَتَأْمُرُهُمْ أَنْ يَجْعَلُوا اللَّحْدَ ذِرَاعَيْنِ وَ شِبْراً فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سَيُوَسِّعُهُ مَا شَاءَ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq, and ‘Al Uyoun’ – from Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkil, and Ahmad Bin Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim, and Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, and Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al Hamdani, and Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Natanah, and Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Hisham Al Muwaddib, and Ali Bin Abdullah Al Warraq, all of them from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abu Al Salt Al Harwy,
‘From Al-Reza-asws in a Hadeeth, he-asws said to him: ‘They will be digging for me-asws (a grave) in this place, so instruct them to be digging seven ‘Maraqy’ for me-asws to the bottom, and to cleave for me its Mausoleum. If they refuse except to be making a Lahad, instruct them to make the Lahad of two cubits and a hand span, for Allah-azwj will be Expanding it whatever He‑azwj so Desires’’.[67]
36- إِرْشَادُ الْمُفِيدِ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى مَوْلَى آلِ سَامٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَبِي اسْتَوْدَعَنِي مَا هُنَاكَ فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ قَالَ ادْعُ لِي شُهُوداً فَدَعَوْتُ أَرْبَعَةً مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ
(The book) ‘Irshad’ of Al Mufeed – from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Abdul A’ala, a slave of family of Saam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws entrusted me-asws with what is over here (Prophet’s-saww legacy). When the expiry presented to him-asws, he-asws said: ‘Call witnesses to me-asws!’ I-asws called four from Quraysh.
فَقَالَ اكْتُبْ هَذَا مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ يَعْقُوبُ بَنِيهِ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ أَوْصَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ إِلَى جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُكَفِّنَهُ فِي بُرْدِهِ الَّذِي كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ الْجُمُعَةَ وَ أَنْ يُعَمِّمَهُ بِعِمَامَتِهِ وَ أَنْ يُرَبِّعَ قَبْرَهُ وَ يَرْفَعَهُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَصَابِعَ وَ أَنْ يَحُلَّ عَنْهُ أَطْمَارَهُ عِنْدَ دَفْنِهِ الْحَدِيثَ.
He-asws said: ‘Write this what Yaqoub-as had bequeathed with to his-as sons’ – up to he-asws said – ‘And Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws bequeaths to Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws and instructs him-asws to enshroud him-asws in his-asws cloak which he-asws used to pray the Friday Salat in, and to turban him-asws with his-asws turban, and to square his-asws grave and raise it four fingers, and loosen from him-asws his-asws old clothes during his-asws burial’ – the Hadeeth’’.[68]
37- إِكْمَالُ الدِّينِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْخَيْرَانِيِّ عَنْ جَارِيَةٍ لِأَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّ أُمَّ الْمَهْدِيِّ ع مَاتَتْ فِي حَيَاةِ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ ع وَ عَلَى قَبْرِهَا لَوْحٌ مَكْتُوبٌ عَلَيْهِ هَذَا قَبْرُ أُمِّ مُحَمَّدٍ.
(The book) ‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – from Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Abu Ali Al Khayrani,
‘From a slave girl of Abu Muhammad-asws, ‘Mother-as of Al-Mahdi-ajfj passed away during the lifetime of Abu Muhammad-asws, and upon her-as grave was a tablet. There was written in it, ‘This is the grave of mother-as of Muhammad-ajfj’’.[69]
بيان: وَ رُوِّينَا عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ: لَمَّا رَجَعَ الْكَاظِمُ ع مِنْ بَغْدَادَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ مَاتَتِ ابْنَةٌ لَهُ فِي رُجُوعِهِ بِفَيْدَ وَ أَمَرَ بَعْضَ مَوَالِيَهُ أَنْ يُجَصِّصَ قَبْرَهَا وَ يَكْتُبَ عَلَى لَوْحٍ اسْمَهَا وَ يَجْعَلَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ.
Explanation (Hadeeth only) – And we are reporting from Yunus Bin Yaqoub who said, ‘When Al-Kazim-asws returned from Baghdad to Al-Medina-asws, a daughter of his-asws died during his‑asws return, and he-asws instructed one of his-asws slave to plaster her grave and write her name upon a tablet and make it to be in the grave’’.
و فيه دلالة على إباحة الكتابة على القبر و قد روي فيه نهي عن النبي ص من طريق العامة و لو صح حمل على الكراهة لأنه من زينة الدنيا انتهى.
Note – And in it is evidence upon the legalisation of the writing upon the grave, and there has been reported a prohibition regarding it from the Prophet-saww from the way of the general Muslim, and if it were to be correct, it would be carried upon the dislike because it is from adornments of the world – end.
38- الذِّكْرَى، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ اللَّحَّامِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص فِي يَوْمِ بَدْرٍ أَمَرَ بِمُوَارَاةِ كَمِيشِ الذَّكَرِ أَيْ صَغِيرِهِ وَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا فِي كِرَامِ النَّاسِ.
(The book) ‘Al Zikra’ – from Hammad Al Lahaam,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘On the day of (battle of) Badr the Prophet-saww instructed covering the (martyrs) bodies, and he-saww said: ‘It cannot happen except in honourable people’’.[70]
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Ali Bin Al-Husayn Bin Sufyan, from Ja’far Bin Ahmad Bin Yusuf, from Ali Bin Nuh Al Khayyat, from Amro Bin Al Yas’a, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Someone came to Rasool-Allah-saww. He said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Muaz has died!’
39- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ نُوحٍ الْخَيَّاطِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْيَسَعِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: أَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقِيلَ إِنَّ سَعْدَ بْنَ مُعَاذٍ قَدْ مَاتَ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَامَ أَصْحَابُهُ فَحُمِلَ فَأَمَرَ فَغُسِّلَ عَلَى عِضَادَةِ الْبَابِ فَلَمَّا أَنْ حُنِّطَ وَ كُفِّنَ وَ حُمِلَ عَلَى سَرِيرِهِ تَبِعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ كَانَ يَأْخُذُ يَمْنَةَ السَّرِيرِ مَرَّةً وَ يَسْرَةَ السَّرِيرِ مَرَّةً حَتَّى انْتَهَى بِهِ إِلَى الْقَبْرِ
Rasool-Allah-saww stood up, and his-saww companions stood up. He was carried, so he-saww instructed, so he was washed at the door post. When he had been embalmed, and shrouded, and carried upon his bier, Rasool-Allah-saww followed it. Then he-saww was taking the right side of the bier at times, and left side of the bier at times, until he-saww ended with him to the grave.
فَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى لَحَدَهُ وَ سَوَّى عَلَيْهِ اللَّبِنَ وَ جَعَلَ يَقُولُ نَاوِلْنِي حَجَراً نَاوِلْنِي تُرَاباً رَطْباً يَسُدُّ بِهِ مَا بَيْنَ اللَّبِنِ
Rasool-Allah-saww descended until he-saww made a Lahad and evened the bricks upon him and went on to say: ‘Give me-saww a stone! Give me-saww wet soil to fill with what is between the bricks!’
فَلَمَّا أَنْ فَرَغَ وَ حَثَا التُّرَابَ عَلَيْهِ وَ سَوَّى قَبْرَهُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ سَيَبْلَى وَ يَصِلُ إِلَيْهِ الْبِلَى وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يجب [يُحِبُ] عَبْداً إِذَا عَمِلَ عَمَلًا فَأَحْكَمَهُ
When he-saww was free and had poured the soil upon him, and evened his grave, Rasool-Allah‑saww said: ‘I-saww well know that he will be decaying, and the decay will arrive to him, but Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Loves a servant when he does a deed, so He-azwj Judges him’.
فَلَمَّا أَنْ سَوَّى التُّرْبَةَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَعْدٍ مِنْ جَانِبٍ هَنِيئاً لَكَ الْجَنَّةُ
When the soil had been evened upon him, mother of Sa’ad said from a side, ‘Congratulations of the Paradise for you!’
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا أُمَّ سَعْدٍ مَهْ لَا تَجْزِمِي عَلَى رَبِّكِ فَإِنَّ سَعْداً قَدْ أَصَابَ ضَمَّةً
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O mother of Sa’ad, shhh! Do not be assertive upon your Lord-azwj, for Sa’ad has been hit by the compression!’
قَالَ وَ رَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ رَجَعَ النَّاسُ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْنَاكَ صَنَعْتَ عَلَى سَعْدٍ مَا لَمْ تَصْنَعْهُ عَلَى أَحَدٍ أَنَّكَ تَبِعْتَ جَنَازَتَهُ بِلَا رِدَاءٍ وَ لَا حِذَاءٍ
He (Al-Sadiq-asws) said: ‘And Rasool-Allah-saww returned, and the people returned. They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! We have seen you-saww doing upon Sa’ad what you-saww did not do upon anyone! You-saww followed his funeral without a cloak nor shoes’.
فَقَالَ ص إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ كَانَتْ بِلَا حِذَاءٍ وَ لَا رِدَاءٍ فَتَأَسَّيْتُ بِهَا
He-saww said: ‘The Angels were without shoes and without cloaks, so I-asws was consoled by it’.
قَالُوا وَ كُنْتَ تَأْخُذُ يَمْنَةَ السَّرِيرِ مَرَّةً وَ يَسْرَةَ السَّرِيرِ مَرَّةً
They said, ‘And you-saww had taken with right side of the bier at times, and left side at times’.
قَالَ ص كَانَتْ يَدِي فِي يَدِ جَبْرَئِيلَ آخُذُ حَيْثُ مَا أَخَذَ
He-saww said: ‘My-saww hand was in a hand of Jibraeel-as. I-saww held whatever he-as held’.
فَقَالُوا أَمَرْتَ بِغُسْلِهِ وَ صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى جِنَازَتِهِ وَ لَحَدْتَهُ ثُمَّ قُلْتَ إِنَّ سَعْداً قَدْ أَصَابَ ضَمَّةً
They said, ‘You-saww instructed with washing him, and you-saww prayed Salat upon his bier and you-saww made his Lahad, then you-saww said: ‘Sa’ad has been hit by compression!’
فَقَالَ ص نَعَمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ فِي خُلُقِهِ مَعَ أَهْلِهِ سُوءٌ.
He-saww said: ‘Yes! He was of evil manners among his family’’.[71]
40- غَيْبَةُ الشَّيْخِ، وَ فَلَاحُ السَّائِلِ، عَنِ ابْنِ نُوحٍ عَنْ هِبَةِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي جِيدٍ الْقُمِّيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الدَّلَّالِ قَالَ: أُدْخِلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ يَعْنِي وَكِيلَ مَوْلَانَا الْمَهْدِيِّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ عَجَّلَ اللَّهُ فَرْجَهُ يَوْماً لِأُسَلِّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَوَجَدْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ سَاجَةً وَ نَقَّاشٌ يَنْقُشُ عَلَيْهَا وَ يَكْتُبُ عَلَيْهَا آياً مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ وَ أَسْمَاءَ الْأَئِمَّةِ ع مِنْ جَوَانِبِهَا
(The book) ‘Ghayba’ of the sheykh, and ‘Falah Al Sa’il’ – from Ibn Nuh, from Hibatullah Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Abu Jeyyid Al Qummi, from Ali Bin Ahmad Al Dallas who said,
‘One day I entered to see Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Usman, meaning representative of our Master-ajfj Al-Mahdi-ajfj, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-la, may Allah-azwj Hasten his‑ajfj relief, in order to greet unto him. I found a lath (wooden tablet), and an engraver was engraving upon it and writing upon it, Verses from the Quran and names of the Imams-asws from its sides.
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا سَيِّدِي مَا هَذِهِ السَّاجَةُ
I said to him, ‘O my master! What is this lath?’
فَقَالَ لِي هَذِهِ لِقَبْرِي تَكُونُ فِيهِ أُوضَعُ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ قَالَ أُسْنَدُ إِلَيْهَا وَ قَدْ فَرَغْتُ مِنْهُ وَ أَنَا كُلُّ يَوْمٍ أَنْزِلُ إِلَيْهِ وَ أَقْرَأُ أَجْزَاءً مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ فِيهِ وَ أَصْعَدُ
He said to me, ‘This is for my grave to be in it. I shall be placed upon it’ – or said, ‘I shall be leaned to it, and I am free from it, and every day I descend to it and read parts of the Quran in it, and I ascend’.
And I think he said, ‘And he held my hand and showed it’.
وَ أَظُنُّهُ قَالَ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِي وَ أَرَانِيهِ فَإِذَا كَانَ مِنْ يَوْمِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا مِنْ شَهْرِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا مِنْ سَنَةِ كَذَا صِرْتُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ دُفِنْتُ فِيهِ وَ هَذِهِ السَّاجَةُ مَعَهُ
‘When it is going to be such and such day, from such and such month, from such and such year, I shall go to Allah-azwj the Exalted, and will be buried in it, and this lath will be with me’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا خَرَجْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ أَثْبَتُّ مَا ذَكَرَهُ وَ لَمْ أَزَلْ مُتَرَقِّباً ذَلِكَ فَمَا تَأَخَّرَ الْأَمْرُ حَتَّى اعْتَلَّ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ فَمَاتَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ الَّذِي قَالَهُ مِنَ السَّنَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا وَ دُفِنَ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘When I went out from his presence, I affirmed what he had mentioned and did not cease to wait for that. The matter was not delay until Abu Ja’far became sick. He died during the day which he had mentioned, from the month which he had said, from the year which he had mentioned, and was buried’’.[72]
41- فلاح السائل، رأيت في كتاب الإستيعاب في الجزء الرابع أن سفيان بن الحارث بن عبد المطلب حفر قبره قبل أن يموت بثلاثة أيام و كان أخا رسول الله ص من الرضاعة
(The book) ‘Falah Al-Sa’ail’ – I saw in the book ‘Al-Istiyab’ in the fourth volume, ‘Sufyan Bin Al-Haris son of Abdul Muttalib-as had dug his grave three days before he died, and he was a brother of Rasool-Allah-saww from the breastfeeding’.
و ذكر محمد بن سعيد في الجزء السابع من كتاب الطبقات حفر قبر سفيان بن الحارث بن عبد المطلب في حياته
And Muhammad Bin Saeed mentioned in the seventh volume of the book ‘Al-Tabaqaat’, ‘The grave of Sufyan Bin Al-Haris son of Abdullah-as was dug during his lifetime’.
قال و كان جدي ورام بن أبي فراس قدس الله جل جلاله روحه و هو ممن يقتدى بفعله قد أوصى أن يجعل في فمه بعد وفاته فص عقيق عليه أسماء أئمته صلوات الله عليهم
He said, ‘And my grandfather Waram Bin Abu Faris, may Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, Sanctify his soul, and he is from the one who had been emulated in his deeds, he had bequeathed to make an Agate stone to be in his mouth after his death, upon it being names of the Imams-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws.
فنقشت أنا فصا عقيقا عليه الله ربي و محمد نبيي و علي و سميت الأئمة ع إلى آخرهم أئمتي و وسيلتي و أوصيت أن يجعل في فمي بعد الموت ليكون جواب الملكين عند المساءلة في القبر سهلا إن شاء الله.
I had an Agate stone engraved, upon it was, ‘Allah-azwj is my Lord-azwj, and Muhammad-saww is my Prophet-saww, and Ali-asws – and I named the Imams-asws up to their last ones – ‘are my Imams-asws, and my means’, and I bequeathed to make it to be in my mouth after the death for it to be an answer to the two Angels during the questioning in the grave to be eased, if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.[73] (not a Hadeeth)
وَ رَأَيْتُ فِي كِتَابِ رَبِيعِ الْأَبْرَارِ لِلزَّمَخْشَرِيِّ فِي بَابِ اللِّبَاسِ وَ الْحُلِيِّ عَنْ بَعْضِ الْأَمْوَاتِ أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ عَلَى فَصٍّ شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَوْصَى أَنْ يُجْعَلَ فِي فَمِهِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ يُجْعَلُ مَعَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنْ تُرْبَةِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَقَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ أَمَانٌ.
And I saw in the book ‘Rabie Al-Abrar’ of Al-Zamakhshari in the chapters on clothing and the jewellery on one of the deceased, he has written upon a stone the testimony, ‘There is no god except Allah-azwj’, and bequeathed that it be made to be in his mouth at his death. Then he said, ‘And make to be with it something from the soil of Al-Husayn-asws, for it has been reported that it is a safety’’.[74] (not a Hadeeth)
وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا يُبَشَّرُ بِهِ الْمُؤْمِنُ أَنْ يُقَالَ لَهُ قَدِمْتَ خَيْرَ مَقْدَمٍ قَدْ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ شَيَّعَكَ وَ اسْتَجَابَ لِمَنِ اسْتَغْفَرَ لَكَ وَ قَبِلَ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ لَكَ
It is reported from the Prophet-saww: ‘The first of glad tidings what the Momin will be given with is that it will be said to him, ‘You have come forward with goodly advancing. Allah-azwj has Forgiven for the ones who had escorted you and has Answered for the ones who had sought Forgiveness for you, and has Accepted for the ones who had testified for you’.
ثُمَّ يُلَقَّنُ الْمَيِّتُ وَ يُشَرَّجُ اللَّبِنُ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ وَ آنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ وَ ارْحَمْ غُرْبَتَهُ وَ أَسْكِنْ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ رَحْمَةً يَسْتَغْنِي بِهَا عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ وَ احْشُرْهُ مَعَ مَنْ كَانَ يَتَوَلَّاهُ
Then he-saww indoctrinated the deceased (Talqeen), and placed the bricks upon him, and he‑saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Connect his loneliness, and Comfort his restlessness, and Mercy his estrangement, and Settle Your-azwj Mercy to him, such Mercy he can be needless by it from mercy of the ones apart from You-azwj, and Resurrect him with the ones he had been befriending’.
فَإِذَا فَرَغَ مِنْ تَشْرِيجِ اللَّبِنِ عَلَيْهِ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْقَبْرِ مِنْ جِهَةِ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ أَهَالَ التُّرَابَ عَلَيْهِ وَ يُهِيلُ مَنْ حَضَرَ هُنَاكَ بِظُهُورِ أَكُفِّهِمْ إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ بِهِ رَحِمٌ وَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ- هذا ما وَعَدَنَا اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ اللَّهُمَّ زِدْنَا إِيمَاناً وَ تَسْلِيماً.
When he-saww was free from placing the bricks upon him, he-saww came out from the grave from the side of his legs, and he-saww poured the soil upon him, and the ones present over there poured the soil with the back of their hands, except the one who happened to have for him the kinship with him, and he-saww said: We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj! ‘This is what Allah and His Rasool promised us, and Allah and His Rasool spoke the Truth’. [33:22]’. O Allah-azwj! Increase us in Eman and submission’’.[75]
42- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ بَابٌ وَ بَابُ الْقَبْرِ عِنْدَ رِجْلَيِ الْمَيِّتِ وَ يُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ الْقَبْرَ حَافِياً مَكْشُوفَ الرَّأْسِ.
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘For every thing there is a door, and door of the grave is by the legs of the deceased, and it is recommended to descend into the grave bare-footed, uncovered of the head (no turban or cap)’’.[76]
بيان روى الكليني عن العدة عن سهل رفعه قال قال يدخل الرجل القبر من حيث يشاء و لا يخرج إلا من قبل رجليه.
Explanation (Ahadeeth only) – It is reported by Al-Kulayni, from the number, from Sahl, raising it, said, ‘He-asws said: ‘The man can enter the grave from wherever he so desires, and should not exit except from the side of his (deceased’s) legs’’.
و يؤيده مَا رَوَاهُ الشَّيْخُ فِي الْمُوَثَّقِ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ بَابٌ وَ بَابُ الْقَبْرِ مِمَّا يَلِي الرِّجْلَيْنِ إِذَا وَضَعْتَ الْجِنَازَةَ فَضَعْهَا مِمَّا يَلِي الرِّجْلَيْنِ يَخْرُجُ الرَّجُلُ مِمَّا يَلِي الرِّجْلَيْنِ وَ يُدْعَى لَهُ حَتَّى يُوضَعَ فِي حُفْرَتِهِ وَ يُسَوَّى عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابُ.
And it is supported by what is reported by the sheykh in Al-Muwassiq (Al-Kafi), from Ammar, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘For all things there is a door, and door of the grave is from what follows the legs. When the bier is placed, place it from what follows the legs. The man should come out from what follows the legs and call for it until he is placed in his grave, and the soil is evened upon him’’.
الْكُلَيْنِيُّ أَيْضاً بِسَنَدٍ فِيهِ ضَعْفٌ عَلَى الْمَشْهُورِ بِالسَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ دَخَلَ الْقَبْرَ فَلَا يَخْرُجْ إِلَّا مِنْ قِبَلِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ.
Al-Kulayni as well by a chain wherein is weakness, upon the well known with Al-Sakuni, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who enters the grave, he should not exit except from the side of the legs (of the deceased)’’.
43- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع إِذَا نَظَرْتَ إِلَى الْقَبْرِ فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهَا رَوْضَةً مِنْ رِيَاضِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ لَا تَجْعَلْهَا حُفْرَةً مِنْ حُفَرِ النِّيرَانِ
(The book) ‘Dawat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘When you look at the grave, then say, ‘O Allah-saww! Make it a garden from the gardens of Paradise, and do not Make it a pit from pits of the fires!’
وَ قَالَ إِذَا تَنَاوَلْتَ الْمَيِّتَ فَقُلْ- بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ بِاللَّهِ وَ عَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِلَى رَحْمَتِكَ لَا إِلَى عَذَابِكَ
And he-asws said: ‘When you take the deceased, then say, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj, and by Allah-azwj, and upon the religion of Rasool-Allah-saww! O Allah-azwj! To Your-azwj Mercy and not to Your-azwj Punishment!’
ثُمَّ تَسُلُّ الْمَيِّتَ سَلًّا فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ فَضَعْهُ عَلَى يَمِينِهِ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ حُلَّ عُقَدَ كَفَنِهِ وَ ضَعْ خَدَّهُ عَلَى التُّرَابِ وَ قُلْ- أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ- بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَ اقْرَأِ الْحَمْدَ وَ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ وَ الْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ وَ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ
Then slide the deceased a gentle sliding. When you have placed him in his grave, place him upon his right side facing the Qiblah, and loosen the know of his shroud, and place his cheek upon the soil and say, ‘I seek Refuge with Allah-azwj from the Pelted Satan-la! In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful’, and recite (Surah) Al Hamd, and (Surah) Al Tawheed, and ‘Al Moauzateyn’, and ‘Ayat Al-Kursi’.
ثُمَّ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ يَا رَبِّ عَبْدُكَ وَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ نَزَلَ بِكَ وَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ وَ أَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ صَالِحِ شِيعَتِهِ وَ اهْدِنَا وَ إِيَّاهُ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ اللَّهُمَّ عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ
Then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! O Lord-azwj! Your-azwj servant and son of Your-azwj servant, has lodged with You-azwj, and Your-azwj are the best to be lodging with. O Allah-azwj! If he was a good doer, then Increase in his goodness, and if he was an evil doer, then Overlook from him, and Join him with his Prophet-saww Muhammad-saww, and righteous ones of his-saww Shias, and Guide us and him to the Straight Path! O Allah-azwj! Your-azwj Pardon! Your-azwj Pardon!’
ثُمَّ تَضَعُ يَدَكَ الْيُسْرَى عَلَى عَضُدِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ وَ تُحَرِّكُهُ تَحْرِيكاً شَدِيداً ثُمَّ تُدْنِي فَمَكَ إِلَى أُذُنِهِ وَ تَقُولُ يَا فُلَانُ إِذَا سُئِلْتَ فَقُلِ اللَّهُ رَبِّي وَ مُحَمَّدٌ نَبِيِّي وَ الْإِسْلَامُ دِينِي وَ الْقُرْآنُ كِتَابِي وَ عَلِيٌّ إِمَامِي حَتَّى تَسُوقَ الْأَئِمَّةَ ع
Then place your left hand upon his left arm and move him with severe movement, then take your mouth closer to his ear and say, ‘O so and so! When you are asked, then say, ‘Allah-azwj is my Lord-azwj, and Muhammad-saww is my Prophet-saww, and Al-Islam is my religion, and the Quran is my Book, and Ali-asws is my Imam-asws’, until you mention all the Imams-asws.
ثُمَّ تَعَوَّدُ الْقَوْلَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ تَقُولُ أَ فَهِمْتَ يَا فُلَانُ
Then repeat the word upon him. Then you should say, ‘Do you understand, O so and so?’’
وَ قَالَ ع فَإِنَّهُ يُجِيبُ وَ يَقُولُ نَعَمْ
And he-asws said: ‘He will answer and say, ‘Yes’.
ثُمَّ تَقُولُ ثَبَّتَكَ اللَّهُ بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ وَ هَدَاكَ اللَّهُ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ عَرَّفَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ أَوْلِيَائِكَ فِي مُسْتَقَرٍّ مِنْ رَحْمَتِهِ
Then you should say, ‘May Allah-azwj Affirm you with the firm word and Guide you to the Straight Path! May Allah-azwj Acquaint between you and your friends in the Settlement of His‑azwj Mercy!’
ثُمَّ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ جَافِ الْأَرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ وَ اصْعَدْ بِرُوحِهِ إِلَيْكَ وَ لَقِّنْهُ مِنْكَ بُرْهَاناً اللَّهُمَّ عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ
Then you should say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Dry the earth on his sides and Ascent with his soul to You‑azwj, and Indoctrinate him with proofs from You-azwj! O Allah-azwj! Your-azwj Pardon! Your‑azwj Pardon!’
ثُمَّ تَضَعُ الطِّينَ وَ اللَّبِنَ وَ إِذَا وَضَعْتَ الطِّينَ وَ اللَّبِنَ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ وَ آنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ وَ آمِنْ رَوْعَتَهُ وَ أَسْكِنْ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ رَحْمَةً تُغْنِيهِ بِهَا عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ فَإِنَّمَا رَحْمَتُكَ لِلظَّالِمِينَ
Then place the clay and the bricks. And when you have placed the clay and the brick, you should say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Connect his loneliness, and Comfort his scaredness, and Settle to him from Your-azwj Mercy, such a Mercy he can be needless by it from mercy of the ones apart from You-azwj, for rather You-azwj Mercy is for the unjust ones!’
ثُمَّ تَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْقَبْرِ وَ تَقُولُ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ اللَّهُمَّ ارْفَعْ دَرَجَتَهُ فِي أَعْلَى عِلِّيِّينَ وَ اخْلُفْ عَلَى عَقِبِهِ فِي الْغَابِرِينَ وَ عِنْدَكَ نَحْتَسِبُهُ يَا رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ
Then come out from the grave and say, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj! O Allah-azwj! Raise his ranks in the high Illiyeen, and Replace upon his posterity in the future, and in Your-azwj Presence is his Reckoning, O Lord-azwj of the worlds!’
فَلَمَّا أَنْ دَفَنُوهُ تَضَعُ كَفَّكَ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَ فَرِّجْ أَصَابِعَكَ وَ اغْمِزْ كَفَّكَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْدَ مَا تَنْضِحُ بِالْمَاءِ فَإِذَا انْصَرَفُوا فَضَعِ الْفَمَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَ تُنَادِيهِ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتٍ يَا فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانٍ هَلْ أَنْتَ عَلَى الْعَهْدِ الَّذِي فَارَقْتَنَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِمَامُكَ وَ فُلَانٌ وَ فُلَانٌ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَ إِلَى آخِرِهِمْ
When they bury him, place your palm upon his grave by his head and open your fingers and grip your palm upon it after having sprinkled with the water. When they leave, place the mouth by his head and call out to him at the top of your voice, ‘O so and so, son of so and so! Are you upon the Covenant which you had separated (from the world) upon, from the testimony that there is no god except Allah-azwj, and Muhammad-saww is Rasool-Allah-saww, and Ali Amir Al-Momineen-asws is your Imam-asws, and so is, so and so, and so and so’ – until your come to the last of them-asws.
فَإِنَّهُ إِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَحَدُ الْمَلَكَيْنِ لِصَاحِبِهِ قَدْ كُفِينَا الدُّخُولَ إِلَيْهِ فِي مَسْأَلَتِنَا إِلَيْهِ فَإِنَّهُ يُلَقَّنُ فَيَنْصَرِفَانِ عَنْهُ وَ لَا يَدْخُلَانِ إِلَيْهِ.
When that is done, one of the two Angels will say to his companion, ‘We have been sufficed with the entering to see him regarding our questioning to him, for he has been indoctrinated!’ So they both leave from him and do not enter to see him’’.[77]
وَ قَالَ: السُّنَّةُ فِي رَشِّ الْمَاءِ أَنْ تَسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةَ وَ تَبْدَأَ مِنْ عِنْدِ الرَّأْسِ إِلَى عِنْدِ الرِّجْلِ ثُمَّ تَدُورَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ ثُمَّ تَرُشَّ عَلَى وَسَطِ الْقَبْرِ.
And he-asws said: ‘The Sunnah in sprinkling the water is that you should face the Qiblah and begin from by the head to by the leg, then rotate upon the grave from the other side, then sprinkle upon middle of the grave’’.[78]
وَ قَالَ ع إِذَا جِئْتَ بِالْمَيِّتِ ضَعْهُ دُونَ قَبْرِهِ بِذِرَاعَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثٍ وَ دَعْهُ حَتَّى يَتَأَهَّبَ لِلْقَبْرِ وَ لَا تَفْدَحْهُ بِهِ.
And he-asws said: ‘When you come with the deceased, place him besides his grave by two cubits or three, and leave him until he gets ready for the grave, and do not be sudden with him’’.[79]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَقُولُ عِنْدَ قَبْرِ مَيِّتٍ إِذَا دُفِنَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ- اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ أَنْ لَا تُعَذِّبَ هَذَا الْمَيِّتَ إِلَّا رَفَعَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ الْعَذَابَ إِلَى يَوْمِ يُنْفَخُ فِي الصُّورِ.
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘There is no one saying three times by the grave of a deceased when he has been buried, ‘O Allah-azwj! I ask You-azwj by the right of Muhammad-saww and Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww not to Punish this deceased’, except Allah-azwj will Raise the Punishment from him to the day the Trumpet will be blown into’’.
وَ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع مَنْ أَتَى قَبْرَ أَخِيهِ فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ وَ قَرَأَ إِنَّا أَنْزَلْناهُ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ أَمِنَ مِنَ الْفَزَعِ الْأَكْبَرِ.
And from Al-Reza-asws: ‘One who comes to the grave of his brother and places his hand upon the grave, and recites (Surah) Al Qadr seven times, he (deceased) would be safe from the greatest panic’’.[80]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ قَالَ: مَرَرْتُ مَعَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع بِالْبَقِيعِ فَمَرَرْنَا بِقَبْرِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ
And from Abu Al Miqdam who said,
‘I passed by Al-Baqie (cemetery) with Abu Ja’far-asws. We passed by the grave of a man from the Shias’.
قَالَ فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ ارْحَمْ غُرْبَتَهُ وَ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ وَ آنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ وَ أَسْكِنْ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ رَحْمَةً يَسْتَغْنِي بِهَا عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ وَ أَلْحِقْهُ بِمَنْ كَانَ يَتَوَلَّاهُ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws paused at it, then said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Mercy his estrangement, and Connect his loneliness, and Comfort his scaredness, and Settle to him from Your-azwj Mercy, such a Mercy he will be needless by it from mercy of the ones apart from You-azwj, and Join him with the ones he used to befriend’’.[81]
44- كَنْزُ الْكَرَاجُكِيِّ عَنْ أَسَدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ السُّلَمِيِّ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ مَعاً عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْمُفِيدِ الْجَرْجَرَائِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الدُّنْيَا الْمُعَمَّرِ الْمَغْرِبِيِّ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ لَا تَتَّخِذُوا قَبْرِي عِيداً وَ لَا تَتَّخِذُوا قُبُورَكُمْ مَسَاجِدَ وَ لَا بُيُوتَكُمْ قُبُوراً الْخَبَرَ.
(The book) ‘Kanz’ of Al Karajaki – from Asad Bin Ibrahim Al Sulamy and Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad Al Sayrafi, both together, from Abu Bakr Al Mufeed Al Jurjany, from Abu Al Dunya Al Moammar Al Magriby,
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘I-asws heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Neither take my-saww grave as a festival (Eid), nor take your graves as Masjids, nor your houses as graves’ – the Hadeeth’’.[82]
45 مَجَالِسُ الشَّيْخِ، عَنِ الْمُفِيدِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ جُمْهُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مِثْلَهُ
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of the sheykh, from Al Mufeed, from Ibrahim Bin Al-Hassan Bin Jamhour, from Abu Bakr – similar to it’’.[83]
توضيح و في النهاية في قوله ص لا تجعلوا بيوتكم مقابر.
Clarification (Ahadeeth) only – And in ‘Al-Nihaya’ regarding his-saww words: ‘Do not make your houses are graves’.
و قال الطيبي في شرح ما رووه عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ وَ النَّصَارَى اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ.كانوا يجعلونها قبلة يسجدون إليها في الصلاة كالوثن
And Al-Taybi said in commentary of what is reported from the Prophet-saww: ‘May Allah-azwj Curse the Jews and the Christians taking graves of their Prophets-as as Masjids!’ – ‘They were making these as a direction to be prostrating to during the Salat, like the idols’.
46- الْهِدَايَةُ، إِذَا نَظَرْتَ إِلَى الْقَبْرِ فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهَا رَوْضَةً مِنْ رِيَاضِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ لَا تَجْعَلْهَا حُفْرَةً مِنْ حُفَرِ النِّيرَانِ.
(The book) ‘Al-Hidaya’ – ‘When you look at the grave, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Make it a garden from the gardens of Paradise, and do not Make it a pit from the pits of fires!’’[84]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ بَابٌ وَ بَابُ الْقَبْرِ عِنْدَ رِجْلَيِ الْمَيِّتِ وَ الْمَرْأَةُ تُؤْخَذُ بِالْعَرْضِ مِنْ قِبَلِ اللَّحْدِ وَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ يُسَلُّ سَلًّا وَ يَدْخُلُ الْقَبْرَ مَنْ يَأْمُرُهُ الْوَلِيُّ وَلِيُّ الْمَيِّتِ إِنْ شَاءَ شَفْعاً وَ إِنْ شَاءَ وَتْراً.
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘For all things there is a door, and door of the grave is by legs of the deceased; and the woman should be taken with the width from direction of the Lahad, and the man from direction of his legs, sliding a gentle slide; and he should enter the grave, one whom the guardian of the deceased instructs. If he desires, two, and if he desires, one’’.[85]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْقَبْرَ فَاقْرَأْ أُمَّ الْكِتَابِ وَ الْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ وَ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِ.
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘When you enter the grave, then recite Mother of the Book (Surah Al Fatiha), and ‘Al Moauzateyn’, and ‘Ayat Al Kursi’’.[86]
وَ قَالَ ع إِذَا وَضَعْتَ الْمَيِّتَ فِي لَحْدِهِ فَضَعْهُ عَلَى يَمِينِهِ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ حُلَّ عُقَدَ كَفَنِهِ وَ ضَعْ خَدَّهُ عَلَى التُّرَابِ.
And he-asws said: ‘When you place the deceased in his Lahad, place him on his right facing the Qiblah, and loosen the knot of his shroud, and place his cheek upon the soil’’.[87]
وَ قَالَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ يَقُولُ مَنْ يَضَعُ الْمَيِّتَ فِي لَحْدِهِ اللَّهُمَّ جَافِ الْأَرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ وَ صَعِّدْ إِلَيْكَ رُوحَهُ وَ لَقِّهِ مِنْكَ رِضْوَاناً
And he-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, said: ‘One who places the deceased in his Lahad should say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Dry the ground from his sides, and Ascend his soul to You-azwj, and let him face Pleasure from You-azwj!’
ثُمَّ يَضَعُ يَدَهُ الْيُسْرَى عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ وَ يُدْخِلُ يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى تَحْتَ مَنْكِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ وَ يُحَرِّكُهُ تَحْرِيكاً شَدِيداً وَ يَقُولُ يَا فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانٍ اللَّهُ رَبُّكَ وَ مُحَمَّدٌ ص نَبِيُّكَ وَ الْإِسْلَامُ دِينُكَ وَ الْقُرْآنُ كِتَابُكَ وَ الْكَعْبَةُ قِبْلَتُكَ وَ عَلِيٌّ وَلِيُّكَ وَ إِمَامُكَ وَ يُسَمِّي الْأَئِمَّةَ وَاحِداً وَاحِداً إِلَى آخِرِهِمْ حَتَّى يَنْتَهِيَ إِلَى الْقَائِمِ ع أَئِمَّتُكَ أَئِمَّةُ هُدًى أَبْرَارٌ
Then he should place his left hand upon his (deceased’s) left shoulder and enter his right hand beneath his (deceased’s) right shoulder and move him with severe movement and say, ‘O so and so, son of so and so! Allah-azwj is your Lord-azwj, and Muhammad-saww is your Prophet-saww, and Al-Islam is your religion, and the Quran is your Book, and the Kaabah is your Qiblah, and Ali-asws is your Guardian-asws and your Imam-asws’ – and he should name the Imams-asws one by one up to their-asws last one until he ends to Al-Qaim-ajfj – ‘Are your Imams-asws, the Imams-asws of guidance, the righteous!’
ثُمَّ يُعِيدُ عَلَيْهِ التَّلْقِينَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى
Then repeat the indoctrination to him once again.
وَ قَالَ ع إِذَا وَضَعْتَ اللَّبِنَ عَلَى اللَّحْدِ فَقُلِ- اللَّهُمَّ آنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ وَ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ وَ ارْحَمْ غُرْبَتَهُ وَ آمِنْ رَوْعَتَهُ وَ أَسْكِنْ إِلَيْهِ رَحْمَةً وَاسِعَةً يَسْتَغْنِي بِهَا عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ وَ احْشُرْهُ مَعَ مَنْ كَانَ يَتَوَلَّاهُ وَ تَقُولُ مَتَى زُرْتَهُ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ
And he-asws said: ‘When you place the brick upon the Lahad, then say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Comfort his sacredness and Connect his loneliness, and Mercy his estrangement, and Secure his dread, and Settle to him Your-azwj vast Mercy, he can be needless by it from mercy of the ones besides Your-azwj, and Resurrect him with the ones he used to befriend!’ And you should be saying this word whenever you visit him.
وَ قَالَ ع إِذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الْقَبْرِ فَقُلْ وَ أَنْتَ تَنْفُضُ يَدَيْكَ مِنَ التُّرَابِ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ
And he-asws said: ‘When you come out from the grave, then say while you are shaking your hands from the soil, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj!’
ثُمَّ احْثُ التُّرَابَ عَلَيْهِ بِظَهْرِ كَفَّيْكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ إِيمَاناً بِكَ وَ تَصْدِيقاً بِكِتَابِكَ- هذا ما وَعَدَنَا اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ وَ قَالَ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتِ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بِكُلِّ ذَرَّةٍ حَسَنَةً.
Then pour the soil upon him with the back of your palm three times, and say, ‘O Allah-azwj! Believing in Your-azwj, and ratifying Your-azwj Book! ‘This is what Allah and His Rasool promised us, and Allah and His Rasool spoke the Truth’. [33:22]’, for the one who does that and says these phrases, Allah-azwj will Write for him a good deed for every particle (of soil)’’.[88]
وَ قَالَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ إِذَا سُوِّيَ قَبْرُ الْمَيِّتِ فَصُبَّ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ الْمَاءَ وَ تَجْعَلُ الْقَبْرَ أَمَامَكَ وَ أَنْتَ مُسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ تَبْدَأُ بِصَبِّ الْمَاءِ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَ تَدُورُ بِهِ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ جَوَانِبِهِ حَتَّى تَرْجِعَ إِلَى الرَّأْسِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَقْطَعَ الْمَاءَ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ شَيْءٌ فَصُبَّهُ عَلَى وَسَطِ الْقَبْرِ.
And he-asws, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him-asws, said: ‘When you have evened out the grave of the deceased, then pour the water upon his grave and make the grave to be in front of you while you are facing the Qiblah, and begin by pouring the water by his head, and rotate with it upon his grave from four sides until your return to the head from without cutting off the water. If there is some surplus from the water, pour it upon middle of the grave’’.[89]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع وَ الرَّشُّ بِالْمَاءِ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ حَسَنٌ يَعْنِي فِي كُلِّ وَقْتٍ.
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘And sprinkling the water upon the grave is good, meaning during all times’’.[90]
باب 13 شهادة أربعين للميت
CHAPTER 13 – TESTIMONY OF FORTY (MEN) FOR THE DECEASED
1- الْمِصْبَاحُ، نُسْخَةُ الْكِتَابِ الَّذِي يُوضَعُ عِنْدَ الْجَرِيدَةِ مَعَ الْمَيِّتِ يَقُولُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ- أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ ص وَ أَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ حَقٌّ وَ أَنَّ النَّارَ حَقٌّ- وَ أَنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ لا رَيْبَ فِيها وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ
(The book) ‘Al Misbah’a’ –
‘A copy of the letter which is placed by the branch with the deceased, he should say before he write, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful! I testify that there is no god except Allah-azwj Alone, there is no associate for Him-azwj, and Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the Paradise is true, and the Fire is true, And the Hour is coming, there is no doubt in it, and that Allah will Resurrect the ones in the graves [22:7]’.
ثُمَّ يُكْتَبُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ- شَهِدَ الشُّهُودُ الْمُسَمُّونَ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ أَنَّ أَخَاهُمْ فِي اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فُلَانَ بْنَ فُلَانٍ وَ يُذْكَرُ اسْمُ الرَّجُلِ أَشْهَدَهُمْ وَ اسْتَوْدَعَهُمْ وَ أَقَرَّ عِنْدَهُمْ أَنَّهُ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ وَ أَنَّهُ مُقِرٌّ بِجَمِيعِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ الرُّسُلِ ع
Then he should write, ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful! The Muslim witnesses have testified in this letter, that their brother for the Sake of Allah-azwj, is so and so son of so and so (and he should name the man)! He keeps them as witnesses and entrusts them and acknowledges in their presence that he testifies that there is no god except Allah‑azwj Alone, and Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and he is an acknowledger with entirety of the Prophets-as and the Rasools-as.
وَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً وَلِيُّ اللَّهِ وَ إِمَامُهُ وَ أَنَّ الْأَئِمَّةَ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ أَئِمَّتُهُ وَ أَنَّ أَوَّلَهُمُ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ وَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ وَ الْقَائِمُ الْحُجَّةُ ع
And Ali-asws is a Guardian-asws (from Allah-azwj, and is his Imam-ra, and the Imams-asws from his‑asws sons-asws are Imams-asws, and he-asws is their-asws first one, (then) Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn‑asws, and Ali‑asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, and Muhammad‑asws Bin Ali-asws, and Ja’far‑asws Bin Muhammad-asws, and Musa‑asws Bin Ja’far-asws, and Ali‑asws Bin Musa-asws, and Muhammad‑asws Bin Ali-asws, and Ali‑asws Bin Muhammad-asws, and Al-Hassan‑asws Bin Ali-asws, and Al-Qaim-asws the Divine Authority.
وَ أَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ حَقٌّ وَ النَّارَ حَقٌّ وَ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ لا رَيْبَ فِيها وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً ص رَسُولُهُ جَاءَ بِالْحَقِّ وَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً وَلِيُّ اللَّهِ وَ الْخَلِيفَةُ مِنْ بَعْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ مُسْتَخْلَفُهُ فِي أُمَّتِهِ مُؤَدِّياً لِأَمْرِ رَبِّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى
And the Paradise is true, and the Fire is true, And the Hour is coming, there is no doubt in it, and that Allah will Resurrect the ones in the graves [22:7], and His-azwj Rasool-saww Muhammad-saww came with the truth, and Ali-asws is a Guardian (from) Allah-azwj and the Caliph from after Rasool-Allah-saww, and he-saww had made him-asws the caliph in his-saww community to fulfil the Command of his-saww Lord-azwj Blessed and Exalted.
وَ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ ابْنَيْهَا الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ابْنَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ سِبْطَاهُ وَ إِمَامَا الْهُدَى وَ قَائِدَا الرَّحْمَةِ وَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً وَ مُحَمَّداً وَ جَعْفَراً وَ مُوسَى وَ عَلِيّاً وَ مُحَمَّداً وَ عَلِيّاً وَ حَسَناً وَ الْحُجَّةَ ع أَئِمَّةٌ وَ قَادَةٌ وَ دُعَاةٌ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ حُجَّةٌ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ
And (Syeda) Fatima-asws, daughter-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, and her-asws two sons-asws Al-Hassan‑asws and Al-Husayn-asws are two sons-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww and his-saww grandsons-asws, and are both Imams-asws of guidance and the leaders of mercy, and Ali-asws, and Muhammad‑asws, and Ja’far-asws, and Musa-asws, and Ali-asws, and Muhammad-asws, and Ali-asws, and Hassan-asws, and Al-Hujja-ajfj are Imams-asws, and leaders, and callers to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and are Divine Authorities upon His-azwj servants’.
ثُمَّ يَقُولُ لِلشُّهُودِ يَا فُلَانُ وَ يَا فُلَانُ المُسَمَّيْنَ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ أَثْبِتُوا إِلَيَّ هَذِهِ الشَّهَادَةَ عِنْدَكُمْ حَتَّى تَلْقَوْنِي بِهَا عِنْدَ الْحَوْضِ-
Then he should say to the witnesses, ‘O so and so, and so and so, the ones named in this letter, ‘Affirm this testimony to me in your presence until you meet me with it at the Fountain’.
ثُمَّ يَقُولُ الشُّهُودُ يَا فُلَانُ نَسْتَوْدِعُكَ اللَّهَ وَ الشَّهَادَةُ وَ الْإِقْرَارُ وَ الْإِخَاءُ مَوْعُودَةٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ نَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكَ السَّلَامَ وَ رَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتِهِ
Then the witnesses should say, ‘O so and so! We entrust you to Allah-azwj, and the testimony, and the acknowledgement, and the brother-hood as a deposit with Rasool-Allah-saww, and we convey the greeting upon you, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings’.
ثُمَّ تُطْوَى الصَّحِيفَةُ وَ تُطْبَعُ وَ تُخْتَمُ بِخَاتَمِ الشُّهُودِ وَ خَاتَمِ الْمَيِّتِ وَ تُوضَعُ عَنْ يَمِينِ الْمَيِّتِ مَعَ الْجَرِيدَةِ وَ تُكْتَبُ الصَّحِيفَةُ بِكَافُورٍ وَ عُودٍ عَلَى جَبْهَتِهِ غَيْرِ مُطَيَّبٍ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ بِهِ التَّوْفِيقُ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ وَ آلِهِ الْأَخْيَارِ الْأَبْرَارِ وَ سَلَّمَ تَسْلِيماً.
Then fold the parchment should be folded, and printed, and sealed with the seals of the witnesses and seal of the deceased, and place on the right side of the deceased along with the branch; and the parchment should be written with camphor, and aloes upon his forehead without perfuming. If Allah-azwj so Desires, and by Him-azwj is the inclination, and may Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon our chief Muhammad-saww the Prophet-saww and his-as goodly Progeny-asws, the righteous, and abundant greetings!’’[91]
2- عُدَّةُ الدَّاعِي، رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيُّ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَابِدٌ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى دَاوُدَ أَنَّهُ مُرَاءٍ
(The book) ‘Uddat Al Daie’ – It is reported by Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Barqy, from one of our companions,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘There was a worshipper among the children of Israel. Allah‑azwj Revealed to Dawood-as that he is a show-off’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ مَاتَ فَلَمْ يَشْهَدْ جِنَازَتَهُ دَاوُدُ ع
He-asws said: ‘Then he died, so Dawood-as did not attend his funeral’.
قَالَ فَقَامَ أَرْبَعُونَ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنَّا فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ
He-asws said: ‘Forty from the children of Israel stood up and said, ‘O Allah-azwj! We do not know from him except good and You-azwj are more Knowing with him that we are!’’
قَالَ فَلَمَّا غُسِّلَ أَتَى الْأَرْبَعُونَ غَيْرُ الْأَرْبَعِينَ وَ قَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنَّا فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ
He-asws said: ‘When he had been washed, forty (more) came, other than the (first) forty, and they said, ‘O Allah-azwj! We do not know from him except good, and Your-azwj are more Knowing with him than we are, so Forgive him!’
فَلَمَّا وُضِعَ فِي قَبْرِهِ قَامَ أَرْبَعُونَ غَيْرُهُمْ فَقَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً وَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنَّا فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ
When he was placed in his grave, another forty stood and said, ‘O Allah-azwj! We do not know from him except good, and You-azwj are more Knowing with him than we are, so Forgive him!’’
قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to Dawood-as: “What prevented you-as from praying Salat upon him?”
فَقَالَ دَاوُدُ لِلَّذِي أَخْبَرْتَنِي
Dawood-as said: ‘That which You-azwj had Informed me-as!’
قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَدْ شَهِدَ قَوْمٌ فَأَجَزْتُ شَهَادَتَهُمْ وَ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ مَا عَلِمْتُ مِمَّا لَا يَعْلَمُونَ.
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “A group has testified so I-azwj have Allowed their testimonies and have Forgiven for what I-azwj Knew from what they are not knowing!”’[92]
3- كِتَابُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ السَّعِيدِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ الْإِسْكَافِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَابِدٌ فَأُعْجِبَ بِهِ دَاوُدُ ع فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَا يُعْجِبْكَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ فَإِنَّهُ مُرَاءٍ
The book of Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Al Bilad, from Sa’ad Al-Iskaf,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘There was a worshipper among the children of Israel. Dawood-as was fascinated by him, so Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to him-as: “Nothing from his affairs should fascinate you-as, for he is a show-off!”’
قَالَ فَمَاتَ الرَّجُلُ فَأُتِيَ دَاوُدُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ
He-asws said: ‘The man died. Someone came to Dawood-as and said to him-as, ‘The man has died!’
فَقَالَ ادْفِنُوا صَاحِبَكُمْ
He-asws said: ‘Bury your companion!’
قَالَ فَأَنْكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ قَالُوا كَيْفَ لَمْ يَحْضُرْهُ
He-asws said: ‘The Children of Israel disliked that, and said, ‘How come you-as are not attending him?’’
قَالَ فَلَمَّا قَامَ خَمْسُونَ رَجُلًا فَشَهِدُوا بِاللَّهِ مَا يَعْلَمُونَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْراً فَلَمَّا صَلَّوْا عَلَيْهِ قَامَ خَمْسُونَ رَجُلًا فَشَهِدُوا بِاللَّهِ مَا يَعْلَمُونَ إِلَّا خَيْراً
He-asws said: ‘When fifty men stood, they testified with Allah-azwj they were not knowing from him except good. Whey they had prayed Salat upon him, fifty men stood, they testified with Allah-azwj they were not knowing except good’.
قَالَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ فُلَاناً
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Dawood-as: “What prevented you from attending so and so?”
قَالَ الَّذِي أَطْلَعْتَنِي عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ
He-as said: ‘That which You-azwj had Notified me upon of his affairs!’
قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَكَذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنْ شَهِدَهُ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْأَحْبَارِ وَ الرُّهْبَانِ فَشَهِدُوا لِي مَا يَعْلَمُونَ إِلَّا خَيْراً فَأَجَزْتُ شَهَادَتَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ عِلْمِي فِيهِ.
He-asws said: ‘Even though it was like that, but a group from the Monks and the Rabbis attend him and they testified to Me-azwj they were not knowing except good, so I-azwj Allowed their testimonies upon him, and have Forgiven for him My-azwj Knowledge regarding him’’.[93]
باب 14 استحباب الصلاة عن الميت و الصوم و الحج و الصدقة و البر و العتق عنه و الدعاء له و الترحم عليه و بيان ما يوجب التخلص من شدة الموت و عذاب القبر و بعده
CHAPTER 14 – RECOMMENDATION OF THE SALAT UPON THE DECEASED, AND THE FASTING, AND THE HAJJ, AND THE CHARITY, AND THE RIGHTEOUS ACT, AND THE LIBERATION (OF SLAVE) ON HIS BEHALF, AND THE SUPPLICATION FOR HIM, AND THE INVOKING OF MERCY UPON HIM, AND EXPLANATION OF WHAT OBLIGATES THE FINISHING FROM SEVERITY OF THE DEATH, AND PUNISHMENT OF THE GRAVE, AND AFTER IT
1- الْفَقِيهُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع نُصَلِّي عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ
(The book) ‘Al Faqeeh’ – by his chain, from Umar Bin Yazeed who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Can we pray Salat on behalf of the deceased?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ حَتَّى إِنَّهُ لَيَكُونُ فِي ضِيقٍ فَيُوَسِّعُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ الضِّيقَ ثُمَّ يُؤْتَى فَيُقَالُ لَهُ خُفِّفَ عَنْكَ هَذَا الضِّيقُ بِصَلَاةِ فُلَانٍ أَخِيكَ عَنْكَ
He-asws said: ‘Yes, to the extent that if he happens to be in narrowness, Allah-azwj would Expand that narrowness upon him. Then someone would come to him and say to him, ‘This narrowness has been lightened from you due to the Salat by your brother so and so on your behalf’’.
قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَأُشْرِكُ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ فِي رَكْعَتَيْنِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Can there be participation between two men in two Cycles?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ
He-asws said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ وَ قَالَ ع إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ لَيَفْرَحُ بِالتَّرَحُّمِ عَلَيْهِ وَ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ لَهُ كَمَا يَفْرَحُ الْحَيُّ بِالْهَدِيَّةِ تُهْدَى إِلَيْهِ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘And he-asws said: ‘The deceased becomes happy with seeking of the mercy upon him and seeking of the Forgiveness for him, just as the living one becomes happy with the gifts being gifted to him’’.[94]
2- عُدَّةُ الدَّاعِي، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع يَدْخُلُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فِي قَبْرِهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَ الصَّوْمُ وَ الْحَجُّ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ وَ الْبِرُّ وَ الدُّعَاءُ وَ يُكْتَبُ أَجْرُهُ لِلَّذِي يَفْعَلُهُ وَ لِلْمَيِّتِ
(The book) ‘Uddat Al Daie’ –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘The Salat, and the fast, and the Hajj, and the charity, and the righteous act, and the supplication enter unto the deceased in his grave, and its Reward is written for the one who had done it, and for the deceased (as well)’.
قَالَ وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ عَمِلَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَنْ مَيِّتٍ عَمَلًا صَالِحاً أَضْعَفَ اللَّهُ لَهُ أَجْرَهُ وَ نَفَعَ اللَّهُ بِهِ الْمَيِّتَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And he-asws said: ‘One from the Muslims who does a righteous deed on behalf of a deceased, Allah-azwj would Double its Reward for him, and Allah-azwj will Cause the deceased to benefit by it’.
وَ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَا يَمْنَعُ أَحَدَكُمْ أَنْ يَبَرَّ وَالِدَيْهِ حَيَّيْنِ وَ مَيِّتَيْنِ يُصَلِّيَ عَنْهُمَا وَ يَتَصَدَّقَ عَنْهُمَا وَ يَصُومَ عَنْهُمَا فَيَكُونَ الَّذِي صَنَعَ لَهُمَا وَ لَهُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ فَيَزِيدُهُ اللَّهُ بِبِرِّهِ خَيْراً كَثِيراً.
And he-asws said: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘What prevents every one of you to do righteous act for his parent alive and dead? He can pray Salat on their behalf, and give charity on their behalf, and fast on their behalf. He would be the one who does it for them, and for him would be similar to that (Reward), so Allah-azwj will Increase him a lot of goodness due to his righteous act’’.[95]
3- عُدَّةُ الدَّاعِي، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: وَ مَنْ دَخَلَ الْمَقَابِرَ وَ قَرَأَ سُورَةَ يس خَفَّفَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَ كَانَ لَهُ بِعَدَدِ مَنْ فِيهَا حَسَنَاتٌ.
(The book) ‘Uddat Al Daie’ –
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘And the one who enters the graveyard and recites Surah Yaseen, Allah-azwj will Lighten (punishment) from them on that day, and for him would good deeds the number of the ones in it (the graveyard)’’.[96]
4- الْكَافِي، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا يَلْحَقُ الرَّجُلَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Al Fazl Bin Shazan, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Muawiya Bin Ammar who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘What joins with the man after his death?’
فَقَالَ سُنَّةٌ سَنَّهَا يُعْمَلُ بِهَا بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ فَيَكُونُ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِ مَنْ يَعْمَلُ بِهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْتَقِصَ مِنْ أُجُورِهِمْ شَيْءٌ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ الْجَارِيَةُ تَجْرِي مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ الْوَلَدُ الطَّيِّبُ يَدْعُو لِوَالِدَيْهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِمَا وَ يَحُجُّ وَ يَتَصَدَّقُ وَ يُعْتِقُ عَنْهُمَا وَ يُصَلِّي وَ يَصُومُ عَنْهُمَا
He-asws said: ‘A conduct he had conducted which is being worked with after his death. For him would be similar Recompense to the one who works with it, from without there being any reduction from their Recompense; and the charity flowing from after him; and the righteous child, the good, supplicating for his parents after their death, and he performs Hajj, and gives charity, and liberates (a slave) on their behalf, and he prays Salat, and fasts on their behalf’.
فَقُلْتُ أُشْرِكُهُمَا فِي حَجَّتِي
I said, ‘Can I participate them in my Hajj?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes’’.[97]
5- التَّهْذِيبُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يُصَلِّي عَنْ وَلَدِهِ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ عَنْ وَالِدَيْهِ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ كَيْفَ صَارَ لِلْوَلَدِ اللَّيْلُ
(The book) ‘Al Tahzeeb’ – by his chain, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Hameed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam, from Umar Bin Yazeed who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws was praying on behalf of his-asws son, two Cycles during every night, and two Cycles on behalf of his-asws parents-asws during every day. I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! How did the night come to be for the son?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّ الْفِرَاشَ لِلْوَلَدِ
He-asws said: ‘Because the bed is for the child’
قَالَ وَ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِيهِمَا إِنَّا أَنْزَلْناهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ وَ إِنَّا أَعْطَيْناكَ الْكَوْثَرَ.
He said, ‘And he-asws would recite in these two Cycles Salat, (Surah) Al Qadr, and (Surah) Al Kawser’’.[98]
6- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَيُّ شَيْءٍ يَلْحَقُ الرَّجُلَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father, from Aban Bin Usman, from Muawiya Bin Ammar who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Which thing joins with the man after his death?’
قَالَ يَلْحَقُهُ الصَّلَاةُ عَنْهُ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ عَنْهُ وَ الْحَجُّ عَنْهُ.
He-asws said: ‘There join with him, the Salat on his behalf, and the charity on his behalf, and the Hajj on his behalf’’.[99]
7- تَنْبِيهُ الْخَاطِرِ، لِلْوَرَّامِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا تَصَدَّقَ الرَّجُلُ بِنِيَّةِ الْمَيِّتِ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ جَبْرَئِيلَ أَنْ يَحْمِلَ إِلَى قَبْرِهِ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ فِي يَدِ كُلِّ مَلَكٍ طَبَقٌ فَيَحْمِلُونَ إِلَى قَبْرِهِ وَ يَقُولُونَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا وَلِيَّ اللَّهِ هَذِهِ هَدِيَّةُ فُلَانِ بْنِ فُلَانٍ إِلَيْكَ
(The book) ‘Tanbeeh Al Khatir’ of Al Warram who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When the man gives charity by intending the deceased, Allah-azwj Commands Jibraeel-as to carry seventy thousand Angels to his grave. In the hand of every Angel would be a tray carrying it to his grave, and they will be saying, ‘The greeting be to you, O friend of Allah-azwj! This is a gift of so and so, son of so and so, to you!’
فَيَتَلَأْلَأُ قَبْرُهُ وَ أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ أَلْفَ مَدِينَةٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ زَوَّجَهُ أَلْفَ حَوْرَاءَ وَ أَلْبَسَهُ أَلْفَ حُلَّةٍ وَ قَضَى لَهُ أَلْفَ حَاجَةٍ.
His grave will shine, and Allah-azwj will Give him a city in the Paradise and Marry him to a thousand Houries, and Clothe him a thousand garments, and Fulfil a thousand needs for him’’.[100]
وَ مِنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا قَرَأَ الْمُؤْمِنُ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَ جَعَلَ ثَوَابَ قِرَاءَتِهِ لِأَهْلِ الْقُبُورِ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَهُ مِنْ كُلِّ حَرْفٍ مَلَكاً يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ.
And from him, said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When the Momin recites Ayat Al-Kursy and makes the Reward of his recitation to be for inhabitants of the graves, Allah-azwj the Exalted will Make an Angel for him, from every letter. He will glorify (Allah-azwj) for him up to the Day of Qiyamah’’.[101]
8- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع مَنْ قَالَ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً يَا أَسْمَعَ السَّامِعِينَ وَ يَا أَبْصَرَ النَّاظِرِينَ وَ يَا أَسْرَعَ الْحَاسِبِينَ وَ يَا أَحْكَمَ الْحَاكِمِينَ فَأَنَا ضَامِنٌ لَهُ فِي دُنْيَاهُ وَ آخِرَتِهِ أَنْ يَلْقَاهُ اللَّهُ بِبِشَارَةٍ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَ لَهُ بِكُلِّ كَلِمَةٍ بَيْتٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ.
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘One who says seventy times, ‘O most Hearing of the hearing ones, and O most Insightful of the beholders, and O Quickest of the reckoners, and O most Judicial of the judges!’, I-asws guarantee for him in his world and his Hereafter, that he will be meeting Allah‑azwj with glad tidings at death, and for him would be, with every phrase, a house in the Paradise’’.[102]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَكْثِرُوا الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيَّ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيَّ نُورٌ فِي الْقَبْرِ وَ نُورٌ عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ وَ نُورٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ.
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘Frequent the Salawaat upon me-saww, for the Salawaat upon me‑saww is light in the grave, and light upon the Bridge, and light in the Paradise’’.[103]
وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَنْ قَرَأَ سُورَةَ ن فِي فَرِيضَةٍ أَوْ نَافِلَةٍ أَعَاذَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ ضَمَّةِ الْقَبْرِ وَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى ع قُمْ فِي ظُلْمَةِ اللَّيْلِ اجْعَلْ قَبْرَكَ رَوْضَةً مِنْ رِيَاضِ الْجَنَّةِ.
And Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘One who recites Surah Al Qalam in the obligatory (Salat), or optional, Allah-azwj will Shelter him from compression of the grave; and Allah-azwj Revealed to Musa-as: “Stand in darkness of the night! Make you grave a garden from the gardens of Paradise!”’[104]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص زُورُوا قُبُورَ مَوْتَاكُمْ وَ سَلِّمُوا عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِنَّ لَكُمْ فِيهِمْ عِبْرَةً.
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘Visit graves of your deceased and greet unto them, for there is a lesson for you all regarding them!’’[105]
وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع مَنْ أَتَمَّ رُكُوعَهُ لَمْ يَدْخُلْهُ وَحْشَةٌ فِي الْقَبْرِ.
And Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘One who completes his Ruk’u(s), the loneliness in the grave will not enter him’’.[106]
وَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ الرَّقِّيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُومُ الرَّجُلُ عِنْدَ قَبْرِ قَرِيبِهِ أَوْ غَيْرِ قَرِيبِهِ هَلْ يَنْفَعُهُ
And from Dawood Al Raqqy who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘The man standing by a grave, near to it or not near to it, does than benefit him (the deceased)?’
ذَلِكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ كَمَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَى أَحَدِكُمُ الْهَدِيَّةُ يَفْرَحُ بِهَا.
He-asws said: ‘Yes. That enters into him just as the gift enter to one of you so he rejoiced with it’’.[107]
وَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِنَّ رَجُلًا ضَرَبَ خِبَاءَهُ عَلَى قَبْرٍ وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ قَبْرٌ فَقَرَأَ تَبارَكَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ الْمُلْكُ فَسَمِعَ صَائِحاً يَقُولُ هِيَ الْمُنْجِيَةُ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ هِيَ الْمُنْجِيَةُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ.
And Ibn Abbas said, ‘A man struck his tent upon a grave, and he did not know it is a grave. He recited (Surah) Al Mulk, and he heard a shout saying, ‘It is the rescuer!’ He mentioned that to the Prophet-saww. He-saww said: ‘It is the rescuer from punishment of the grave’’.[108]
9- مِشْكَاةُ الْأَنْوَارِ، مِنْ كِتَابِ الْمَحَاسِنِ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أَعْظَمُ حَقّاً عَلَى الرَّجُلِ
(The book) ‘Mishkat Al Anwaar’, from the book ‘Al Mahasin’ –
‘From Al Baqir-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was asked, ‘Who is of a biggest right upon the man?’
قَالَ وَالِدَاهُ.
He-saww said: ‘His parents’’.[109]
وَ قَالَ ع إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ يَكُونُ بَارّاً بِوَالِدَيْهِ وَ هُمَا حَيَّانِ فَإِذَا لَمْ يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمَا كُتِبَ عَاقّاً لَهُمَا وَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَكُونُ عَاقّاً لَهُمَا فِي حَيَاتِهِمَا فَإِذَا مَاتَا أَكْثَرَ الِاسْتِغْفَارَ لَهُمَا فَكُتِبَ بَارّاً.
And he-asws said: ‘The man happens to be righteous with his parents while they are alive. When he does not seek Forgiveness for them, he is written as disloyal to them; and the man who happens to be disloyal to them during their life. When they die, he frequents seeking the Forgiveness for them, so he is written as righteous’’.[110]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُخَفِّفَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ سَكَرَاتِ الْمَوْتِ فَلْيَكُنْ بِقَرَابَتِهِ وَصُولًا وَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ بَارّاً فَإِذَا كَانَ كَذَلِكَ هَوَّنَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ سَكَرَاتِ الْمَوْتِ وَ لَمْ يُصِبْهُ فِي حَيَاتِهِ فَقْرٌ أَبَداً.
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘One who loves for Allah-azwj to Lighten the pangs of death from him, let him be connecting with his relatives, and righteous with his parents. When he were to be like that, Allah-azwj will Ease the pangs of death upon him, and poverty will not afflict him during his lifetime, ever!’’[111]
وَ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: مِنْ حَقِّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ عَلَى وَلَدِهِمَا أَنْ يَقْضِيَ دُيُونَهُمَا وَ يُوفِيَ نُذُورَهُمَا وَ لَا يَسْتَسِبَّ لَهُمَا فَإِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ بَارّاً بِهِمَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ عَاقّاً لَهُمَا فِي حَيَاتِهِمَا
And from him-asws having said: ‘From the rights of the parents upon their son is that he should pay back their debts, and fulfil their vows, and does not revile (other people’s parents so it would pull the reviling upon his own parents), for them. When he does that, he would be righteous with them, and even though he may be disloyal to them during their lifetimes.
وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَقْضِ دُيُونَهُمَا وَ لَمْ يُوفِ نُذُورَهُمَا وَ اسْتَسَبَّ لَهُمَا كَانَ عَاقّاً وَ إِنْ كَانَ بَارّاً بِهِمَا فِي حَيَاتِهِمَا.
And if he does not pay back their debts, and does not fulfil their vows, and reviles (other people’s parents so it would pull the reviling upon his own parents), for them, he would be disloyal to them, and even though he may have been righteous with them during their lifetimes’’.[112]
باب 15 نقل الموتى و الزيارة بهم
CHAPTER 15 – TRANSFERRING THE DECEASED AND THE VISITING THEM
1- كَامِلُ الزِّيَارَاتِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ وَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَوْحَى إِلَى نُوحٍ وَ هُوَ فِي السَّفِينَةِ أَنْ يَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ أُسْبُوعاً
(The book) ‘Kamil Al Ziyaraat’ – from Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Abu Ali Al Ashari, from the one who mentioned it, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, and it is narrated to me by Muhammad Al Himeyri, from his father, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed to Noah-as while he-as was in the ship: “Perform Tawaaf of the House (Kabah) seven circuits!”
فَطَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ أُسْبُوعاً كَمَا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فِي الْمَاءِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ تَابُوتاً فِيهِ عِظَامُ آدَمَ ع فَحَمَلَ التَّابُوتَ فِي جَوْفِ السَّفِينَةِ حَتَّى طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَطُوفَ
He-as performed Tawaaf of the House (Kabah), seven circuits has as Allah-azwj had Revealed to him-as. Then he-as descended in the water to his-as knees and brought out a coffin wherein were bones of Adam-as. He-as carried the coffin into the interior of the ship until he-as had performed Tawaaf of the House (Kabah) for as long as Allah-azwj so Desired him-as to perform.
ثُمَّ وَرَدَ إِلَى بَابِ الْكُوفَةِ فِي وَسَطِ مَسْجِدِهَا فَفِيهَا قَالَ اللَّهُ لِلْأَرْضِ ابْلَعِي ماءَكِ فَبَلِعَتْ مَاءَهَا مِنْ مَسْجِدِ الْكُوفَةِ كَمَا بَدَأَ الْمَاءُ مِنْ مَسْجِدِهَا وَ تَفَرَّقَ الْجَمْعُ الَّذِي كَانَ مَعَ نُوحٍ فِي السَّفِينَةِ فَأَخَذَ نُوحٌ التَّابُوتَ فَدَفَنَهُ فِي الْغَرِيِ.
Then he-as arrived at the gate of Al-Kufa in the middle of its Masjid. Regarding it, Allah-azwj Said to the earth: swallow down your water, [11:44]. It swallowed its water from Masjid Al-Kufa just as the water had begun from its Masjid; and the community which was with Noah-as in the ship dispersed. Noah-as took the coffin and buried it in Al-Ghary (Najaf – next to the holy grave of Ali Amir Al-Momineen-asws)’’.[113]
2- الْكَافِي، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شِيرَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ يَمُوتُ بِعَرَفَاتٍ يُدْفَنُ بِعَرَفَاتٍ أَوْ يُنْقَلُ إِلَى الْحَرَمِ فَأَيُّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ
(The book) ‘Al Kafi’ – from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin sheyra, from Ali Bin Suleyman who said,
‘I wrote to him-asws asking him-asws about the deceased dying at Arafaat, ‘Should he be buried at Arafaat or transferred to the Sanctuary? Which of the two is better?’
فَكَتَبَ يُحْمَلُ إِلَى الْحَرَمِ وَ يُدْفَنُ فَهُوَ أَفْضَلُ.
He-asws wrote: ‘He should be carried to the Sanctuary and buried, for it is better’’.[114]
التَّهْذِيبُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ يَمُوتُ بِمِنًى أَوْ عَرَفَاتٍ الْوَهْمُ مِنِّي ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مِثْلَهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Tahzeeb’ – from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Suleyman who said,
‘I wrote to Abu Al-Hassan-asws asking him-asws about the deceased dying at Mina, or Arafaat’ (the delusion is from me)’, then he mentioned similar to it’’.[115]
3- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ رُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مَاتَ بِالرُّسْتَاقِ فَحَمَلُوهُ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ فَأَنْهَكَهُمْ عُقُوبَةً
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al-Islam’ –
‘From Ali-asws. It was raised to him-asws that a man had died at Al-Rustaq, so they carried him to Al-Kufa: ‘Their tiredness is a punishment’.
وَ قَالَ ادْفِنُوا الْأَجْسَادَ فِي مَصَارِعِهَا وَ لَا تَفْعَلُوا كَفِعْلِ الْيَهُودِ يَنْقُلُونَ مَوْتَاهُمْ إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ
And he-asws said: ‘Bury the bodies in their falling places and do not be doing like what the Jews do. They are transferring their deceased to Bayt Al-Maqdis’.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ أُحُدٍ أَقْبَلَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ لِتَحْمِلَ قَتْلَاهَا إِلَى دُورِهَا فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مُنَادِياً فَنَادَى ادْفِنُوا الْأَجْسَادَ فِي مَصَارِعِهَا.
And he-asws said: ‘When it was the day of (battle of) Ohad, the Helpers came to carry their slain to their houses. Rasool-Allah-saww instructed a caller to call out, ‘Bury the bodies in their falling places!’’[116]
قِصَصُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ، لِلرَّاوَنْدِيِّ بِأَسَانِيدِهِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ يَعْقُوبُ ع حَمَلَهُ يُوسُفُ ع فِي تَابُوتٍ إِلَى أَرْضِ الشَّامِ فَدَفَنَهُ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ.
(The book) ‘Qisas Al-Anbiya-as’ of Al-Rawandy – by his chains to Al Sadouq, from Muhammad Bin Musa Al Mutawakkil, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Himeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Al A’ala Bin Razeyn, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘When Yaqoub-as passed away, Yusuf-as carried him-as in a coffin to the land of Syria. He-as buried him-as in Bayt Al-Maqdis’’.[117]
4- الْعُيُونُ، وَ الْعِلَلُ، وَ الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: احْتَبَسَ الْقَمَرُ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى مُوسَى ع أَنْ أَخْرِجْ عِظَامَ يُوسُفَ ع مِنْ مِصْرَ وَ وَعَدَهُ طُلُوعَ الْقَمَرِ إِذَا أَخْرَجَ عِظَامَهُ
(The books) ‘Al Uyoun’, and ‘Al Ilal’, and ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazzal,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws having said: ‘The moon was withheld from the children of Israel, so Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed to Musa-as: “Bring out the bones of Yusuf-as from Egypt!” – and He-azwj Promised him-as emergence of the moon when his-as bones are extracted.
فَسَأَلَ مُوسَى ع عَمَّنْ يَعْلَمُ مَوْضِعَهُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ هَاهُنَا عَجُوزٌ تَعْلَمُ عِلْمَهُ
Musa-as asked around the one who may know its place. It was said to him-as, ‘There is an old woman over here. She has its knowledge’.
فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهَا فَأُتِيَ بِعَجُوزٍ مُقْعَدَةٍ عَمْيَاءَ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَ تَعْرِفِينَ مَوْضِعَ قَبْرِ يُوسُفَ
He-as sent someone to her and he came with the old woman, seated (not being able to stand), blind. He-as said to her, ‘Do you know the place of the grave of Yusuf-as?’
قَالَتْ نَعَمْ
She said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَأَخْبِرِينِي بِهِ
He-as said: ‘Inform me-as with it!’
قَالَتْ لَا حَتَّى تُعْطِيَنِي أَرْبَعَ خِصَالٍ تُطْلِقَ لِي رِجْلَيَّ وَ تُعِيدَ إِلَيَّ شَبَابِي وَ تُعِيدَ إِلَيَّ بَصَرِي وَ تَجْعَلَنِي مَعَكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ
She said, ‘No, until you grant me four traits – you-as free my legs for him, and return my youth to me, and return my sigh to me, and make me to be with you-as in the Paradise!’
قَالَ فَكَبُرَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مُوسَى ع فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَا مُوسَى أَعْطِهَا مَا سَأَلَتْ فَإِنَّكَ إِنَّمَا تُعْطِي عَلَيَّ
He (Abu Al-Hassan-asws) said: ‘That was grievous upon Musa-as. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: “O Musa-as! Give her what she wants, for rather you-as are giving (based upon) Me‑azwj!”
فَفَعَلَ فَدَلَّتْهُ عَلَيْهِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَهُ مِنْ شَاطِئِ النِّيلِ فِي صُنْدُوقِ مَرْمَرٍ فَلَمَّا أَخْرَجَهُ طَلَعَ الْقَمَرُ فَحَمَلَهُ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَلِذَلِكَ يَحْمِلُ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ مَوْتَاهُمْ إِلَى الشَّامِ.
He-as did so. She pointed it out to him-as. He-as extracted him-as from the banks of the Nile in a marble box. When he-as had extracted it, the moon emerged. He-as carried him to Syria. For that reason, People of the Book are carrying their deceased to Syria’’.[118]
5- إِرْشَادُ الْقُلُوبِ، لِلدَّيْلَمِيِّ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ الْخَلْوَةَ بِنَفْسِهِ أَتَى طَرَفَ الْغَرِيِّ فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ هُنَاكَ مُشْرِفٌ عَلَى النَّجَفِ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ قَدْ أَقْبَلَ مِنَ الْبَرِّيَّةِ رَاكِباً عَلَى نَاقَةٍ وَ قُدَّامَهُ جِنَازَةٌ
The book) ‘Irshad Al Quloub’ of Al Daylami –
‘It is reported from Amir Al-Momineen-asws, whenever he-asws wanted the seclusion with himself-asws, would come to an edge of Al-Ghary. One day when he-asws was over there, he-asws looked at Al-Najaf, and there was a man who was coming riding from the wilderness, being upon a she-camel and in front of him was a funeral bier.
فَحِينَ رَأَى عَلِيّاً ع قَصَدَهُ حَتَّى وَصَلَ إِلَيْهِ وَ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ وَ قَالَ مِنْ أَيْنَ قَالَ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ
When he saw Ali-asws, aimed to him-asws until he arrived to him-asws and greeted unto him-asws. He-asws returned the greeting and said, ‘Where are you (coming) from?’ He said, ‘From Al-Yemen’.
قَالَ وَ مَا هَذِهِ الْجِنَازَةُ الَّتِي مَعَكَ قَالَ جِنَازَةُ أَبِي لِأَدْفِنَهُ فِي هَذِهِ الْأَرْضِ
He-asws said: ‘And what is this bier which is with you?’ He said, ‘Bier of my father. I want to bury him in this land’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع لِمَ لَا دَفَنْتَهُ فِي أَرْضِكُمْ
Ali-asws said to him: ‘Why did you not bury him in your land?’
قَالَ أَوْصَى بِذَلِكَ وَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ يُدْفَنُ هُنَاكَ رَجُلٌ يُدْعَى فِي شَفَاعَتِهِ مِثْلُ رَبِيعَةَ وَ مُضَرَ
He said, ‘He had bequeathed with that and he said if a man is buried over here, there will supplicate regarding his intercession (people) like (number of clans of) Rabie and Muzar’.
فَقَالَ ع لَهُ أَ تَعْرِفُ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلَ قَالَ لَا
He-asws said to him: ‘Do you know that man?’ He said, ‘No’.
قَالَ أَنَا وَ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ ثَلَاثاً فَادْفِنْ فَقَامَ وَ دَفَنَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj, I-asws am that man!’ – thrice – ‘So bury!’ He-asws stood up and buried him’’.[119]
6- الْمِصْبَاحُ، قَالَ: لَا يُنْقَلُ الْمَيِّتُ مِنْ بَلَدٍ إِلَى بَلَدٍ فَإِنْ نُقِلَ إِلَى الْمَشَاهِدِ كَانَ فِيهِ فَضْلٌ مَا لَمْ يُدْفَنْ
(The book) ‘Al Misbah’ –
He-asws said: ‘Do not transfer the deceased from a city to a city. If he is transferred to the Monuments (of Hajj) there would be merit in it for as long as he is not buried yet’.
وَ قَدْ رَوَيْتُ بِجَوَازِ نَقْلِهِ إِلَى بَعْضِ الْمَشَاهِدِ رِوَايَةً وَ الْأَوَّلُ أَفْضَلُ.
And a report has been reported with the permission of transferring it to one of the Monuments, and the first is better’’.[120]
7- النِّهَايَةُ لِلشَّيْخِ، فَإِذَا دُفِنَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ فَلَا يَجُوزُ تَحْوِيلُهُ مِنْ مَوْضِعِهِ وَ قَدْ وَرَدَتْ رِوَايَةٌ بِجَوَازِ نَقْلِهِ إِلَى بَعْضِ مَشَاهِدِ الْأَئِمَّةِ ع سَمِعْنَاهَا مُذَاكَرَةً وَ الْأَصْلُ مَا قَدَّمْنَاهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Nihaya’ of the Sheykh –
‘When he is buried in a place, it is not allowed to transfer him from his place, and reports have been reported with permission to transfer it to one of the Mausoleums of the Imams-asws. We have heard it in discussion, and the original is what we have forwarded’’.[121]
8- مَجْمَعُ الْبَيَانِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي حَدِيثٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ يَعْقُوبُ حَمَلَهُ يُوسُفُ ع فِي تَابُوتٍ إِلَى أَرْضِ الشَّامِ فَدَفَنَهُ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ.
(The book) ‘Majma Al Bayan’ – from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws in a Hadeeth, said: ‘When Yaqoub-as passed away, Yusuf-as carried him-as in a coffin to the land of Syria and buried him-as in Bayt Al-Maqdis’’.[122]
9- إِرْشَادُ الْمُفِيدِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ زِيَادٍ الْمُخَارِقِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا حَضَرَتِ الْحَسَنَ ع الْوَفَاةُ اسْتَدْعَى الْحُسَيْنَ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَخِي إِنِّي مُفَارِقُكَ وَ لَاحِقٌ بِرَبِّي فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُ نَحْبِي فَغَمِّضْنِي وَ غَسِّلْنِي وَ كَفِّنِّي وَ احْمِلْنِي عَلَى سَرِيرِي إِلَى قَبْرِ جَدِّي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لِأُجَدِّدَ بِهِ عَهْداً ثُمَّ رُدَّنِي إِلَى قَبْرِ جَدَّتِي فَاطِمَةَ فَادْفِنِّي هُنَاكَ.
(The book) ‘Irshad’ of Al Mufeed – from Abdullah Bin Ibrahim, from Ziyad Al Makhariqy who said,
‘When the expiry presented to Al-Hassan-asws, he-asws called Al-Husayn-asws. He-asws said to him‑asws: ‘O my-asws brother-asws! I-asws am separating from you-asws and joining with my-asws Lord‑azwj. When my-asws term expires, close my-asws eyes, and wash me-asws, and enshroud me‑asws, and carry me-asws upon my-asws bier to the grave of my-asws grandfather-asws Rasool-Allah-saww in order to renew the covenant with him-saww, then return me-asws to the grave of my-asws grandmother-as (Syeda) Fatima-asws (Bint Asad) and bury me-asws over there!’’[123]
باب 16 التعزية و المأتم و آدابهما و أحكامها
CHAPTER 16 – CONDOLENCES, AND THE MOURNINGS, AND ITS ETIQUETTES, AND ITS RULINGS
1- الْعِلَلُ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَوْ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يَنْبَغِي لِصَاحِبِ الْمُصِيبَةِ أَنْ لَا يَلْبَسَ الرِّدَاءَ وَ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي قَمِيصٍ حَتَّى يُعْرَفَ وَ يَنْبَغِي لِجِيرَانِهِ أَنْ يُطْعِمُوا عَنْهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Sa’dan Bin Muslim, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, or from Abu Baseer, from Abdullah-asws having said: ‘It is befitting for the owner of the calamity (bereaved) that he should not wear the cloak, and he should be in a shirt until he is recognised (as the bereaved), and it is befitting for his neighbours that they feed on his behalf for three days’’.[124]
وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ وَضَعَ رِدَاءً فِي مُصِيبَةِ غَيْرِهِ.
And it is reported from Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Accursed is the one who places his cloak down in the calamity (bereavement) of others’’.[125]
تبيين الصَّدُوقُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع يُصْنَعُ لِلْمَيِّتِ مَأْتَمٌ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ يَوْمَ مَاتَ.
Explanation (Ahadeeth only) – Al-Sadouq, from Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘Mourning can be done for the deceased for three days from the day he dies’’.
وَ نَقَلَ الصَّدُوقُ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص أَمَرَ فَاطِمَةَ ع أَنْ تَأْتِيَ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتَ عُمَيْسٍ وَ نِسَاءَهَا وَ أَنْ تَصْنَعَ لَهُمْ طَعَاماً ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَجَرَتْ بِذَلِكَ السُّنَّةُ.
And Al-Sadouq transmitted from Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘The Prophet-saww instructed (Syeda) Fatima-asws: ‘Go to Asma Bint Umeys and her womenfolk, and you-asws should make food for them, so the Sunnah flowed with that’’.
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يُحِدَّ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ إِلَّا الْمَرْأَةِ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا.
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘It isn’t for anyone to mourn for more than three days, except the woman (mourning) upon her husband until her waiting period expires’’.
قَالَ: وَ أَوْصَى أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع بِثَمَانِ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ لِمَأْتَمِهِ وَ كَانَ يَرَى ذَلِكَ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَمَرَ بِاتِّخَاذِ طَعَامٍ لِآلِ جَعْفَرٍ.
He said, ‘And Abu Ja’far-asws bequeathed with the price of one hundred Dirhams for his-asws mourning, and he-asws had viewed from the Sunnah because Rasool-Allah-azwj had instructed with taking food to the family of Ja’far-as’’.[126]
2- الْعِلَلُ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْرُورٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلصَّادِقِ ع مَا بَالُنَا نَجِدُ بِأَوْلَادِنَا مَا لَا يَجِدُونَ بِنَا
(The book) ‘Al Ilal’ – from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masrour, from Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Aamir, from his uncle Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim who said,
‘I said to Al-Sadiq-asws, ‘What is the matter what we are feeling for our children what they are not feeling for us?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّهُمْ لَسْتُمْ مِنْهُمْ.
He-asws said: ‘Because you aren’t from them (while they are from you)’’.[127]
3- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أُصِيبَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَلْيَذْكُرْ مُصِيبَتَهُ بِي فَإِنَّهَا أَعْظَمُ الْمَصَائِبِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnad’ – from Haroun Bin Muslim, from Mas’ada Bin Ziyad,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who is afflicted with a difficulty, let him remember his difficulty with me-saww, for it is mightiest of the difficulties’’.[128]
4- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يُنَزِّلُ الْمَعُونَةَ عَلَى قَدْرِ الْمَئُونَةِ وَ يُنَزِّلُ الصَّبْرَ عَلَى قَدْرِ شِدَّةِ الْبَلَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – from Al-Hassan Bin Tareyf, from Al-Husayn Bin Ulwan,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Sends down the Assistance in accordance to the provision, and Sends down the patience in accordance to the severity of the affliction’’.[129]
5- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الدَّقَّاقِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبَرْمَكِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْهَيْثَمِ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ عَنْبَسَةَ الْعَابِدِ قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ فَرَغْنَا مِنْ جِنَازَتِهِ جَلَسَ الصَّادِقُ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ع وَ جَلَسْنَا حَوْلَهُ وَ هُوَ مُطْرِقٌ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَ قَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا دَارُ فِرَاقٍ وَ دَارُ الْتِوَاءٍ- لَا دَارُ اسْتِوَاءٍ عَلَى أَنَّ لِفِرَاقِ الْمَأْلُوفِ حُرْقَةً لَا تُدْفَعُ وَ لَوْعَةً لَا تُرَدُّ
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from Ali Bin Ahmad Al Daqqaq, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufi, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Barmaky, from Al-Husayn Bin Al Haysam, from Abbad Bin Yaqoub Al Asady, from Anbasa Al Aabid who said,
‘When Ismail son of Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws died, and we were free from his funeral, Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws sat, and we sat around him-asws, and he-asws lowered his-asws head, then raised his-asws head and said: ‘O you people! This world is a house of separation and a house of twists and turns, not a house of permanence, based upon the separation of the affectionate ones is an enduring anguish which cannot be repelled, and a longing not to lapse.
وَ إِنَّمَا يَتَفَاضَلُ النَّاسُ بِحُسْنِ الْعَزَاءِ وَ صِحَّةِ الْفِكْرَةِ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَثْكَلْ أَخَاهُ ثَكِلَهُ أَخُوهُ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يُقَدِّمْ وَلَداً كَانَ هُوَ الْمُقَدَّمَ دُونَ الْوَلَدِ
And rather, the people are merited by the excellent consolation and healthy thoughts. The one who is not bereaved of his brother, his brother will be bereaved of him, and the one who does not send forward a son, he would be going ahead without the son!’
ثُمَّ تَمَثَّلَ ع بِقَوْلِ أَبِي خِرَاشٍ الْهُذَلِيِّ يَرْثِي أَخَاهُ
| وَ لَا تَحْسَبِي أَنِّي تَنَاسَيْتُ عَهْدَهُ- | وَ لَكِنَّ صَبْرِي يَا أُمَامُ جَمِيلٌ |
Then he-asws resembled (by a couplet) with the word of Abu Khirash Al-Huzaly eulogising his brother, ‘And do not reckon I have forgotten his time (spent with him), but my patience is beautiful, O my future!’’[130]
6- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، وَ الْعُيُونُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْأَسْتَرْآبَادِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْحُسَيْنِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النَّاصِرِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الرِّضَا عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: رَأَى الصَّادِقُ ع رَجُلًا قَدِ اشْتَدَّ جَزَعُهُ عَلَى وَلَدِهِ فَقَالَ يَا هَذَا جَزِعْتَ لِلْمُصِيبَةِ الصُّغْرَى وَ غَفَلْتَ عَنِ الْمُصِيبَةِ الْكُبْرَى لَوْ كُنْتَ لِمَا صَارَ إِلَيْهِ وَلَدُكَ مُسْتَعِدّاً لَمَا اشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ جَزَعُكَ فَمُصَابُكَ بِتَرْكِكَ الِاسْتِعْدَادَ لَهُ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ مُصَابِكَ بِوَلَدِكَ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq, and ‘Al Uyoun’ – from Muhammad Bin Al Qasim Al Astarabady, from Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan Al-Husayno, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Al Nasir,
‘From Muhammad son of Ali-asws, from his father-asws Al-Reza-asws, from Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Al-Sadiq-asws saw a man whose alarm had intensified upon (bereavement of) his son. He-asws said: ‘O you! This is your panic at the small calamity and you are heedless of the great calamity? Had your son been prepared for what your panic has intensified upon, when your son came to it (death), your calamity due to your neglecting the preparation for him is mightier than your calamity (actually is) with your son’’.[131]
7- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحُسَيْنِ الْفَارِسِيِّ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعَةٌ لَا تَزَالُ فِي أُمَّتِي إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ الْفَخْرُ بِالْأَحْسَابِ وَ الطَّعْنُ فِي الْأَنْسَابِ وَ الِاسْتِسْقَاءُ بِالنُّجُومِ وَ النِّيَاحَةُ وَ إِنَّ النَّائِحَةَ إِذَا لَمْ تَتُبْ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهَا تَقُومُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ عَلَيْهَا سِرْبَالٌ مِنْ قَطِرَانٍ وَ دِرْعٌ مِنْ جَرَبٍ.
(The book) ‘l Khisaal’ – from his father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al-Hassan Bin Abu Al-Husayn Al Farsy, from Suleyman Bin Ja’far Al Basry, from Abdullah Bin Al-Husayn Bin Zayd, from his father,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah‑saww said: ‘Four (traits) will not cease to be among my-saww community up to the Day of Qiyamah – the priding with the ancestry, and the insulting regarding the lineages, and seeking the rain with the stars (astrology), and the wailing woman, and if the wailing woman does not repent before her death, she will stand on the Day of Qiyamah and upon her will be a trouser of tar and an itching armour’’.[132]
8- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مُرُوا أَهَالِيَكُمْ بِالْقَوْلِ الْحَسَنِ عِنْدَ مَوْتَاكُمْ فَإِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ ص لَمَّا قُبِضَ أَبُوهَا سَاعَدَتْهَا بَنَاتُ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَقَالَتْ دَعُوا التَّعْدَادَ وَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالدُّعَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Muhammad Bin Isa Al Yaqteeny, from Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from his grandfather Al-Hassan, from Abu Baseer, and Muhammad Bin Muslim,
From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘Instruct your families to be with the good words during your deaths, for (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww, when her-asws father-saww passed away, the daughter of the clan of Hashim-as came to support her-asws. She-asws said: ‘Leave the counting (merits of my-asws father-saww), and upon you all is with the supplication’’.[133]
9- الْعُيُونُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْوَرَّاقِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْحَسَنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِي إِلَى السَّمَاءِ رَأَيْتُ امْرَأَةً عَلَى صُورَةِ الْكَلْبِ وَ النَّارُ تَدْخُلُ فِي دُبُرِهَا وَ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ فِيهَا وَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَضْرِبُونَ رَأْسَهَا وَ بَدَنَهَا بِمَقَامِعَ مِنْ نَارٍ
(The book) ‘Al Uyoun’ – from Ali Bin Abdullah Al Warraq, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufi, from Sahl, from Abdul Azeem Al Hasanny,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws the 2nd, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When there was an ascension with me-saww to the sky, I-saww saw a woman being upon the face of a dog and the fire was entering her backside and emerging from her mouth, and the Angels were beating her head and her body with fiery rods’.
فَسُئِلَ ص عَنْهَا فَقَالَ إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ قَيْنَةً نَوَّاحَةً حَاسِدَةً.
He-saww asked about her. He (Jibraeel-as said: ‘She was a singer, wailer, jealous’’.[134]
10- مَجَالِسُ ابْنِ طُوسِيٍّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ره بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ لَمَّا مَاتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بَكَى النَّبِيُّ ص حَتَّى جَرَتْ دُمُوعُهُ عَلَى لِحْيَتِهِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَنْهَى عَنِ الْبُكَاءِ وَ أَنْتَ تَبْكِي
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Ibn Tawoos – from his father, by his chain from Ayesha who said,
‘When Ibrahim-as died, the Prophet-saww cried to the extent that his-saww tears flowed upon his‑saww beard. It was said to him-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww have forbidden from the wailing and you-saww are crying!’
فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هَذَا بُكَاءً وَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ رَحْمَةٌ وَ مَنْ لَا يَرْحَمْ لَا يُرْحَمْ.
He-saww said: ‘This isn’t wailing, and rather it is a mercy, and the one who has no mercy will not be Mercied’’.[135]
11- مَعَانِي الْأَخْبَارِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَ لا يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لِفَاطِمَةَ ع إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ فَلَا تَخْمِشِي عَلَيَّ وَجْهاً وَ لَا تُرْخِي عَلَيَّ شَعْراً وَ لَا تُنَادِي بِالْوَيْلِ وَ لَا تُقِيمِي عَلَيَّ نَائِحَةً
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’ – from his father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Salama Bin Al Khattab, from Al Qasim Bin Yahya, from Al-Hassan Bin Rashid, from Ali Bin Ismail, from Amro Bin Abu Al Miqdam who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying regarding this Verse: nor disobey you in acts of kindness. [60:12], he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to (Syeda) Fatima-asws: ‘When I-saww pass away, neither scratch face upon me-saww, nor loosen hair, nor call out for the woe, nor establish female mourners upon me-saww’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا الْمَعْرُوفُ الَّذِي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ- وَ لا يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ.
Then he-saww said: ‘This is the act of kindness which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said in His‑azwj Book: nor disobey you in acts of kindness. [60:12]’’.[136]
بيان: و قال علي بن إبراهيم في تفسيره إنها نزلت يوم فتح مكة و ذلك أن رسول الله ص قعد في المسجد يبايع الرجال إلى صلاة الظهر و العصر ثم قعد لبيعة النساء و أخذ قدحا من ماء فأدخل يده فيه ثم قال للنساء من أراد أن يبايع فليدخل يده في القدح فإني لا أصافح النساء
Explanation (Ahadeeth only) – Ali Bin Ibrahim said in his Tafseer, ‘It was Revealed on the day of the conquest of Makkah, and that is because Rasool-Allah-saww sat in the Masjid taking allegiances of the men up to Salats of Al-Zohr and Al-Asr, then he-saww sat for taking allegiance of the women, and he-saww took a cup of water and inserted his-saww hand in it, then said to the women: ‘One who wants to pledge allegiance, let her insert her hand in the cup, for I-saww do not shake hands of the women!’
ثم قرأ عليهن ما أنزل الله من شروط البيعة عليهن فقال عَلى أَنْ لا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئاً وَ لا يَسْرِقْنَ وَ لا يَزْنِينَ وَ لا يَقْتُلْنَ أَوْلادَهُنَّ وَ لا يَأْتِينَ بِبُهْتانٍ يَفْتَرِينَهُ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِنَّ وَ أَرْجُلِهِنَّ وَ لا يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ فَبايِعْهُنَ
The he-saww recited upon them what Allah-azwj had Revealed of the conditions of the allegiance upon them. He-saww said: (it should be) upon (the stipulation) that they will not associate anything with Allah, nor steal, nor commit adultery, nor kill their children, nor come with slander forged by their hands and their legs, nor disobey you in acts of kindness. Then take their allegiances [60:12]’.
فقامت أم حكيم بنت الحارث بن عبد المطلب فقالت يا رسول الله ما هذا المعروف الذي أمرنا الله به أن لا نعصيك فيه
Umm Hakeem Bint Al-Haris son of Abdul Muttalib-as stood up. She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What is this act of kindness which Allah-azwj has Commanded us with that we should not be disobeying you regarding it?’
فقال أن لا تخمشن وجها و لا تلطمن خدا و لا تنتفن شعرا و لا تمزقن جيبا و لا تسودن ثوبا و لا تدعون بالويل و الثبور و لا تقمن عند قبر فبايعهن رسول الله ص على هذه الشروط.
He-saww said: ‘That you will neither scratch a face, nor slap a cheek, nor pluck hair, nor tear a pocket, nor blacken clothes, nor call for the woe and the ruination, nor stand by a grave!’ Rasool-Allah-saww took their allegiances based upon these stipulations’’.
و لا يبعد أن يكون ذكر هذه الأمور على سبيل المثال أو لبيان ما هو أهم بحسب حالهن لما رواه علي بن إبراهيم أيضا عن أحمد بن إدريس عن أحمد بن محمد عن علي عن عبد الله بن سنان قال سألت أبا عبد الله ع عن قول الله عز و جل وَ لا يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ قال هو ما فرض الله عليهن من الصلاة و الزكاة و ما أمرهن به من خير.
And it is not far-fetched that the mention of these matters would be based upon the way of example, or for explaining what is more important, according to their situation, due to what is reported by Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: nor disobey you in acts of kindness. [60:12]. He-asws said: ‘It is what Allah-azwj had Imposed upon them of the Salat, and the Zakat, and what He-azwj had Commanded them with from the good (deeds)’’.
12- تَفْسِيرُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ- لا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ إِلى ما مَتَّعْنا بِهِ أَزْواجاً مِنْهُمْ وَ لا تَحْزَنْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ اخْفِضْ جَناحَكَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ لَمْ يَتَعَزَّ بِعَزَاءِ اللَّهِ تَقَطَّعَتْ نَفْسُهُ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا حَسَرَاتٍ وَ مَنْ رَمَى بِبَصَرِهِ إِلَى مَا فِي يَدَيْ غَيْرِهِ كَثُرَ هَمُّهُ وَ لَمْ يُشْفَ غَيْظُهُ
Tafseer Ali Bin Ibrahim – from Muhammad Bin Idrees, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Sayyar, from Al-Mufazzal Bin Umar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When this Verse was Revealed: Do not extend your eyes to what We have Provided with two categories from them, nor grieve upon them, and lower your wings towards the Momineen [15:88], Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who was not consoled by the Consolation of Allah-azwj would cut himself off from the world in regret; and one who casts his eyes to what is in the hands of someone else would multiply his worries, and his anger would not be healed.
وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَنَّ لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ نِعْمَةً إِلَّا فِي مَطْعَمٍ أَوْ مَلْبَسٍ فَقَدْ قَصَرَ عَمَلُهُ وَ دَنَا عَذَابُهُ وَ مَنْ أَصْبَحَ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا حَزِيناً أَصْبَحَ عَلَى اللَّهِ سَاخِطاً وَ مَنْ شَكَا مُصِيبَةً نَزَلَتْ بِهِ فَإِنَّمَا يَشْكُو رَبَّهُ
And one who does not know that Allah-azwj has Favoured him, neither in the food, nor in the drinks, nor in the clothing, so he would fall short in his deeds and approach his Punishment. And one who becomes aggrieved upon the world, would become Angered with by Allah-azwj. And the one who complains about the difficulties which descend upon him, so he has complained about his Lord-azwj.
وَ مَنْ دَخَلَ النَّارَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ مِمَّنْ قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ فَهُوَ مِمَّنْ يَتَّخِذُ آياتِ اللَّهِ هُزُواً وَ مَنْ أَتَى ذَا مَيْسَرَةٍ فَتَخَشَّعَ لَهُ طَلَبَ مَا فِي يَدَيْهِ ذَهَبَ ثُلُثَا دِينِهِ
And one who enters the Fire from these communities, from the ones who recite the Quran, so he is from the ones who take the Signs of Allah-azwj in jest. And one who comes to the one with the facilities, and submits his need to him for what is in his hands, a third of his Religion would go away’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ لَا تَعْجَلْ وَ لَيْسَ يَكُونُ الرَّجُلُ يَنَالُ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ الْمِرْفَقَ فَيُجِلُّهُ وَ يُوَقِّرُهُ فَقَدْ يَجِبُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَكِنْ يُرِيهُ أَنَّهُ يُرِيدُ بِتَخَشُّعِهِ مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَخْتِلَهُ عَمَّا فِي يَدَيْهِ.
Then he-asws said: ‘And do not be hasty, and the man won’t be attaining the kindness from the man, so he would honour him and respect him, for that may obligate for him upon him, but he would see him as intending to humble for what is in the Presence of Allah-azwj and wants to cheat him from what is in his hands’’.[137]
13- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ السِّنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْقَطَّانِ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ عَنْ تَمِيمِ بْنِ بُهْلُولٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْهَاشِمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا أَدْرِي أَيُّهُمْ أَعْظَمُ جُرْماً الَّذِي يَمْشِي خَلْفَ جَنَازَةٍ فِي مُصِيبَةِ غَيْرِهِ بِغَيْرِ رِدَاءٍ أَوِ الَّذِي يَضْرِبُ يَدَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ أَوِ الَّذِي يَقُولُ ارْفُقُوا بِهِ وَ تَرَحَّمُوا عَلَيْهِ يَرْحَمْكُمُ اللَّهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Sinani, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Al Qattan, from Bakr Bin Abdullah Bin Habeeb,, fromTameem Bin Bahloul, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Fazl Al Hashimy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Three (persons), I-asws don’t know which of them is of bigger crime – the one who walks behind a funeral in calamity of others without a robe, or the one who strikes his hand upon his thigh during the calamity, or the one who says, ‘Be kind with him, and be merciful upon him, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you all!’’[138]
14- وَ مِنْهُ، فِي وَصِيَّةِ النَّبِيِّ ص لِعَلِيٍّ ع يَا عَلِيُّ لَيْسَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ جُمُعَةٌ وَ لَا جَمَاعَةٌ وَ لَا عِيَادَةُ مَرِيضٍ وَ لَا اتِّبَاعُ جَنَازَةٍ وَ لَا تُقِيمُ عِنْدَ قَبْرٍ تَمَامَ الْخَبَرِ.
And from him, ‘In a bequest of the Prophet-saww to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Upon the women there is neither Friday (Salat), nor the congregation (Salat), nor consoling a sick, nor following a funeral, nor standing by a grave’ – the Hadeeth’’.[139]
15- قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: مَنْ عَزَّى مُصَاباً كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْقُصَ مِنْ أَجْرِ الْمُصَابِ شَيْءٌ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al Bakhtari,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who consoles an afflicted (bereaved), there would be for him similar to his Recompense from without there being any reduction from the Recompense of the afflicted (bereaved)’’.[140]
16- فِقْهُ الرِّضَا ع، إِيَّاكَ أَنْ تَقُولَ ارْفُقُوا بِهِ وَ تَرَحَّمُوا عَلَيْهِ أَوْ تَضْرِبَ يَدَكَ عَلَى فَخِذِكَ فَإِنَّهُ يُحْبِطُ أَجْرَكَ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’ – ‘Beware of saying, ‘Be kind with him, and be merciful upon him!’, or striking your hand upon your thigh, for it would nullify your Recompense during the calamity!’
وَ قَالَ ع بَعْدَ ذِكْرِ سُنَنِ الدَّفْنِ وَ عَزِّ وَلِيَّهُ فَإِنَّهُ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ عَزَّى أَخَاهُ الْمُؤْمِنَ كُسِيَ فِي الْمَوْقِفِ حُلَّةً
And he-asws said after mentioning the burial and consoling his guardian: ‘It is reported from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who consoles his Momin brother will be clothed a garment in the pausing (on the Day of Qiyamah).
وَ السُّنَّةُ فِي أَهْلِ الْمُصِيبَةِ أَنْ يُتَّخَذَ لَهُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ طَعَامٌ لِشُغُلِهِمْ فِي الْمُصِيبَةِ
And the Sunnah regarding the people of the calamity (bereaved) is that you should take the food for them for three days due to their being pre-occupied in the calamity.
وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْمُعَزَّى يَتِيماً فَامْسَحْ يَدَكَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ مَسَحَ يَدَهُ عَلَى رَأْسِ يَتِيمٍ تَرَحُّماً لَهُ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بِكُلِّ شَعْرَةٍ مَرَّتْ عَلَيْهِ يَدُهُ حَسَنَةً
And if the consoled happens to be an orphan, then wipe your hand upon his head, so it has been reported from the Prophet-saww that he-saww said: ‘One who wipes his hand upon the head of an orphan, Allah-azwj will Write a good deed for him with every hair of his head his hand passes upon’.
وَ إِنْ وَجَدْتَهُ بَاكِياً فَسَكِّتْهُ بِلُطْفٍ وَ رِفْقٍ فَإِنَّهُ أَرْوِي عَنِ الْعَالِمِ ع أَنَّهُ إِذَا بَكَى الْيَتِيمُ اهْتَزَّ لَهُ الْعَرْشُ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ مَنْ هَذَا الَّذِي أَبْكَى عَبْدِيَ الَّذِي سَلَبْتُهُ أَبَوَيْهِ فِي صِغَرِهِ وَ عِزَّتِي وَ جَلَالِي وَ ارْتِفَاعِي فِي مَكَانِي- لَا أَسْكَتَهُ عَبْدٌ مُؤْمِنٌ إِلَّا أَوْجَبْتُ لَهُ الْجَنَّةَ.
And if you were to find him crying, quieten him with gentleness and kindness, for it has been reported from the Scholar-asws: ‘When the orphan cries, the Throne shakes for him, so Allah‑azwj Blessed and Exalted Says: “And who is this one who has made My-azwj servant to cry, the one whose father I-azwj have Recalled during his young age? By My-azwj Might and My-azwj Majesty, and Loftiness in My-azwj Position! No Momin servant will quieten him except I-azwj shall Obligated the Paradise for him!”’[141]
17- ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ مُوسَى النَّخَّاسِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ عَزَّى رَجُلًا بِابْنٍ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ اللَّهُ خَيْرٌ لِابْنِكَ مِنْكَ وَ ثَوَابُ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْهُ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Rifa’at Bin Musa Al Nakhhas,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, a man had been bereaved with a son of his. He-asws said to him: ‘Allah‑azwj is better for your son than you are, and the Rewards of Allah-azwj are better for you than he is!’
فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُ جَزَعُهُ عَلَيْهِ عَادَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَدْ مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَمَا لَكَ بِهِ أُسْوَةٌ
When his alarm upon him was extensive, he-asws repeated to him. He-asws said to him: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww has passed away. Is there no exemplar for you with him-saww?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ مُرَاهِقاً
He said to him-asws, ‘He (my son) was a teenager!’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَمَامَهُ ثَلَاثَ خِصَالٍ شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ رَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ وَ شَفَاعَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَلَنْ يَفُوتَهُ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
He-asws said: ‘In front of him there are three matters – testimony that there is no god except Allah-azwj, and Mercy of Allah-azwj, and intercession of Rasool-Allah-saww. One of these will never be missed out by him, if Allah-azwj so Desires!’’[142]
18- مَجَالِسُ الشَّيْخِ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْقَزْوِينِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَهْبَانَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَاطِمَةَ ع أَنْ تَتَّخِذَ طَعَاماً لِأَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ عُمَيْسٍ وَ تَأْتِيَهَا [وَ] نِسَاءَهَا فَجَرَتْ بِذَلِكَ السُّنَّةُ مِنْ أَنْ يُصْنَعَ لِأَهْلِ الْمَيِّتِ طَعَامٌ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of the sheykh – from Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Al Qazwiny, from Muhammad Bin wahban, from Ahmad Bin Ibrahim, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Al Zafrani, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Barqi, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Ja’far-as son of Abu Talib-asws died, Rasool-Allah-azwj instructed (Syeda) Fatima-asws to take food to Asma Bint Umeys and she-asws and her-asws womenfolk to go to her. So, the Sunnah flowed with that of making food for the family of the deceased for three days’’.[143]
19- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يُصْنَعُ لِلْمَيِّتِ الطَّعَامُ لِلْمَأْتَمِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ بِيَوْمٍ مَاتَ فِيهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from his father, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Hareez, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The food should be made for the mourning of the deceased for three days from the day he had died in’’.[144]
20- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يَنْبَغِي لِصَاحِبِ الْجَنَازَةِ أَنْ يُلْقِيَ رِدَاءَهُ حَتَّى يُعْرَفَ وَ يَنْبَغِي لِجِيرَانِهِ أَنْ يُطْعِمُوا عَنْهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ.
And from him, from his father, from Sa’dan, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘It is befitting for owner of the funeral (bereaved) than he takes off his cloak until he is known (as the bereaved), and it is befitting for his neighbours that they feed (deceased’s family) on his behalf for three days’’.[145]
21- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا قُتِلَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَاطِمَةَ ع أَنْ تَتَّخِذَ طَعَاماً لِأَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ عُمَيْسٍ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ تَأْتِيَهَا وَ تُسَلِّيَهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَجَرَتْ بِذَلِكَ السُّنَّةُ أَنْ يُصْنَعَ لِأَهْلِ الْمُصِيبَةِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ طَعَامٌ.
And from him, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Ja’far-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws had been killed, Rasool-Allah-saww instructed (Syeda) Fatima-asws to take food to Asma Bint Umeys for three days, and go to her and comfort her for three days. The Sunnah flowed with that that food should be made for the people of calamity (bereavement) for three days’’.[146]
22- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا قُتِلَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنْ تَأْتِيَ فَاطِمَةُ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتَ عُمَيْسٍ هِيَ وَ نِسَاؤُهَا وَ تُقِيمَ عِنْدَهَا ثَلَاثاً وَ تَصْنَعَ لَهَا طَعَاماً ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ.
And from him, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Hafs Bin Al Bakhtari,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When Ja’far-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws was killed, Rasool-Allah-saww instructed (Syeda) Fatima-asws to go to Asma Bint Umeys, she-asws and her-asws womenfolk, and stay with her for three days and make food for her for three days’’.[147]
23- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبِي ع عَنِ الْمَأْتَمِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَيْهِ قَتْلُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع دَخَلَ عَلَى أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ عُمَيْسٍ امْرَأَةِ جَعْفَرٍ فَقَالَ أَيْنَ بَنِيَّ
And from him, from one of our companions,
‘From Al Abbas son of Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, he said, ‘I asked about the mourning session. He‑asws said: ‘When (news) reached Rasool-Allah-saww had been killed, he-saww entered to see Asma Bint Umeys, wife of Ja’far-as. He-saww said: ‘Where are my-saww sons?’
فَدَعَتْ بِهِمْ وَ هُمْ ثَلَاثَةٌ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ عَوْنٌ وَ مُحَمَّدٌ فَمَسَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رُءُوسَهُمْ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّكَ تَمْسَحُ رُءُوسَهُمْ كَأَنَّهُمْ أَيْتَامٌ
She called them, and they were three – Abdullah, and Awn, and Muhammad. Rasool-Allah‑saww wiped their heads. She said, ‘You-saww are wiping their heads as if they are orphans!’
فَعَجِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ عَقْلِهَا فَقَالَ يَا أَسْمَاءُ أَ لَمْ تَعَلَمِي أَنَّ جَعْفَراً رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اسْتُشْهِدَ
Rasool-Allah-saww was surprised from her intellect. He-saww said: ‘O Asma! Don’t you know that Ja’far-as, May the Pleasure of Allah-azwj be upon him-as has been martyred?’
فَبَكَتْ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا تَبْكِي فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ [جَبْرَئِيلَ] أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ لَهُ جَنَاحَيْنِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ مِنْ يَاقُوتٍ أَحْمَرَ
She cried. Rasool-Allah-saww said to her: ‘Do not cry, for the messenger-as of Allah-azwj, Jibraeel‑as has informed me-saww that there are two wings from red rubies for him-asws in the Paradise’.
فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَوْ جَمَعْتَ النَّاسَ وَ أَخْبَرْتَهُمْ بِفَضْلِ جَعْفَرٍ لَا يُنْسَى فَضْلُهُ
She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! If you-saww could gather the people and inform them of the merits of Ja’far-as, they will not forget his-as merits!’
فَعَجِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ عَقْلِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ ابْعَثُوا إِلَى أَهْلِ جَعْفَرٍ طَعَاماً فَجَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ.
Rasool-Allah-saww was surprised from her intellect. Then he-saww said: ‘Send food to the family of Ja’far-as!’ So, the Sunnah flowed’’.[148]
24- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ ظَرِيفِ بْنِ نَاصِحٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ قَالَ: لَمَّا قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ لَبِسَ نِسَاءُ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ السَّوَادَ وَ الْمُسُوحَ وَ كُنَّ لَا يَشْتَكِينَ مِنْ حَرٍّ وَ لَا بَرْدٍ وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يَعْمَلُ لَهُنَّ الطَّعَامَ لِلْمَأْتَمِ.
And from him, from Al-Hassan Bin Tareyf Bin Nasih, from his father, from Al-Husayn Bin Zayd,
‘From Umar son of Ali Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘When Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, was killed, the women of the clan of Hashim wore the black (clothes) and the coarse, and they were neither complaining from heat nor cold, and Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws was making the food for them for the mourning sessions’’.[149]
25- إِكْمَالُ الدِّينِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ ظَرِيفِ بْنِ نَاصِحٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ: مَاتَتِ ابْنَةٌ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَنَاحَ عَلَيْهَا سَنَةً ثُمَّ مَاتَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ آخَرُ فَنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ سَنَةً ثُمَّ مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ فَجَزِعَ عَلَيْهِ جَزَعاً شَدِيداً فَقَطَعَ النَّوْحَ فَقِيلَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَ يُنَاحُ فِي دَارِكَ
(The book) ‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Tareyf Bin Nasih, from Al-Husayn Bin Zayd who said,
‘A daughter of Abu Abdullah-asws died. He-asws lamented upon her for a year. Then another child of his died, so he-asws lamented upon him for a year. Then Ismail died, so he-asws was alarmed upon him with severe alarm, and he-asws cut-off the lamenting. It was said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Are you-asws lamenting in your-asws house?’
فَقَالَ ع إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لَمَّا مَاتَ حَمْزَةُ لَكِنَّ حَمْزَةَ لَا بَوَاكِيَ لَهُ.
He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said when Hamza-as died: ‘But Hamza-as has no criers for him‑as’’.[150]
26- مُسَكِّنُ الْفُؤَادِ، لِلشَّهِيدِ الثَّانِي أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ع نَاحَتْ عَلَى أَبِيهَا وَ أَنَّهُ ص أَمَرَ بِالنَّوْحِ عَلَى حَمْزَةَ.
(The book) ‘Musakkin Al Fuwad’ of Al Shaheed Al Sany –
‘(Syeda) Fatima-asws lamented upon her-asws father-saww and he-saww had instructed with the lamentation upon Hamza-as’’.[151]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ عَظُمَتْ عِنْدَهُ مُصِيبَةٌ فَلْيَذْكُرْ مُصِيبَتَهُ بِي فَإِنَّهَا سَتَهُونُ عَلَيْهِ.
And from him –
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘One with whom a calamity is mighty, let him remember his calamity with mine-saww, it would become insignificant upon him’’.[152]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي مَرَضِ مَوْتِهِ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ مِنْ أُمَّتِي أُصِيبَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي فَلْيَتَعَزَّ بِمُصِيبَتِهِ بِي عَنِ الْمُصِيبَةِ الَّتِي تُصِيبُهُ بَعْدِي فَإِنَّ أَحَداً مِنْ أُمَّتِي لَنْ يُصَابَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ بَعْدِي أَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مُصِيبَتِي.
And from him, from Rasool-Allah-saww having said during the illness of his-saww expiry: ‘O you people! Whichever servant from my-saww community is afflicted by a calamity from after me‑saww, let him be consoled in his calamity with me-saww, from the calamity which will afflicted him after me-saww, for no one from my-saww community will ever be afflicted with a calamity after me-saww severer upon him than my-saww calamity!’’[153]
27- نَهْجُ الْبَلَاغَةِ، عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يَنْزِلُ الصَّبْرُ عَلَى قَدْرِ الْمُصِيبَةِ وَ مَنْ ضَرَبَ يَدَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ عِنْدَ مُصِيبَتِهِ حَبِطَ أَجْرُهُ.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘The patience descends in accordance to the calamity, and the one who strikes his hand upon his thigh during his calamity, his Recompense will be nullified’’.[154]
بيان رُوِيَ فِي الْكَافِي بِسَنَدٍ فِيهِ ضَعْفٌ عَلَى الْمَشْهُورِ بِالسَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ضَرْبُ الْمُسْلِمِ يَدَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ إِحْبَاطٌ لِأَجْرِهِ.
Explanation – It is reported in Al-Kafi by a chain having weakness in it, upon the well known with Al-Sakuni, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The Muslim striking his hand upon his thigh during the calamity is a nullification of his Recompense’’.
28- كَشْفُ الْغُمَّةِ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ الدَّلَائِلِ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ قَالَ: خَرَجَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ فِي جَنَازَةِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع وَ قَمِيصُهُ مَشْقُوقٌ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ مَنْ رَأَيْتَ أَوْ بَلَغَكَ مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ شَقَّ قَمِيصَهُ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا
(The book) ‘Kashf Al Ghumma’ – copying from the book ‘Al Dalail’ of Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Himeyri, from Abu Hashim Al Ja’fari who said,
‘Abu Muhammad-asws came out in the funeral of Abu Al-Hassan-asws and his-asws shirt was torn. Ibn Awn wrote to him-asws, ‘Who has seen or it has reached him from the Imams-asws having torn his-asws shirt in (situation) similar to this?’
فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ ع يَا أَحْمَقُ مَا يُدْرِيكَ مَا هَذَا قَدْ شَقَّ مُوسَى عَلَى هَارُونَ.
Abu Muhammad-asws wrote to him: ‘O idiot! What will make you realise what this is? Musa-as had torn (his-as shirt) upon Haroun-as!’’[155]
29- إِخْتِيَارُ الرِّجَالِ، لِلْكَشِّيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ كُلْثُومٍ السَّرَخْسِيِّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَمُّونٍ وَ غَيْرِهِ مِثْلَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو عَوْنٍ الْأَبْرَشُ قَرَابَةُ نَجَاحِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ.
(The book) ‘Ikhtiyar Al Rijal’ of Al Kashi – from Ahmad Bin Ali Bin Kulsoum Al Sarakhasy, from Is’haw Bin Muhammad Al Basri, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Shamoun, and someone else – similar to it, except that he (the narrator) said, ‘Abu Awn Al-Abrash wrote to him-asws, a relative of Najah Bin Salamah’’.[156]
30- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْخَضِيبِ الْأَنْبَارِيِّ قَالَ: كَتَبَ أَبُو عَوْنٍ الْأَبْرَشُ قَرَابَةُ نَجَاحِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ ع إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدِ اسْتَوْهَنُوا مِنْ شَقِّكَ ثَوْبَكَ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع
And from him, from Ahmad Bin Ali, from Is’haq Bin Ibrahim Bin Al Khazeyb Al Anbari who said,
‘Abu Awn Al-Abrash, a relative of Najah Bin Salama wrote to Abu Muhammad-asws, ‘The people are considering it demeaning, from your-asws having torn your clothes upon Abu Al-Hassan‑asws’.
قَالَ يَا أَحْمَقُ مَا أَنْتَ وَ ذَاكَ قَدْ شَقَّ مُوسَى عَلَى هَارُونَ عَلَى نَبِيِّنَا وَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ إِنَّ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يُولَدُ مُؤْمِناً وَ يَحْيَا مُؤْمِناً وَ يَمُوتُ مُؤْمِناً وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُولَدُ كَافِراً وَ يَحْيَا كَافِراً وَ يَمُوتُ كَافِراً وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُولَدُ مُؤْمِناً وَ يَحْيَا مُؤْمِناً وَ يَمُوتُ كَافِراً وَ إِنَّكَ لَا تَمُوتُ حَتَّى تَكْفُرَ وَ يُغَيَّرَ عَقْلُكَ
He-asws said: ‘O idiot! What have you to do with that? Musa-as had torn (his-as shirt) upon Haroun-as, may the greetings be upon our Prophet-saww and upon them-as both. From the people there is one who is born a Momin, and lives as a Momin and dies a Momin, and from them is one born a Kafir and lives as a Kafir and dies a Kafir, and from them is one who is born a Momin and lives as a Momin and dies as a Kafir, and you will not be dying until you commit Kufr and your intellect changes’.
فَمَا مَاتَ حَتَّى حَجَبَهُ وَلَدُهُ عَنِ النَّاسِ وَ حَبَسُوهُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ مِنْ ذَهَابِ الْعَقْلِ وَ الْوَسْوَسَةِ وَ كَثْرَةِ التَّخْلِيطِ وَ يَرُدُّ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْإِمَامَةِ وَ انْتَكَثَ عَمَّا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ.
He did not die until his son veiled him from the people and withheld him in his house due to the ruination of the intellect, and the insinuations, and frequent mix-ups (confusion), and (later on) he returned to the people of Imamate and retracted from what he had been upon’’.[157]
31- نَهْجُ الْبَلَاغَةِ، عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ لَمَّا وَرَدَ الْكُوفَةَ قَادِماً مِنْ صِفِّينَ مَرَّ بِالشِّبَامِيِّينَ فَسَمِعَ بُكَاءَ النَّاسِ عَلَى قَتْلَى صِفِّينَ فَقَالَ لِشُرَحْبِيلَ الشِّبَامِيِّ أَ تَغْلِبُكُمْ نِسَاؤُكُمْ عَلَى مَا أَسْمَعُ أَ لَا تَنْهَوْنَهُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا الرَّنِينِ.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws, when he-asws he was coming to Al-Kufa coming back from Siffeen, he-asws passed by Al-Shamiyeyn. He-asws heard the wailing of women upon the ones slain at Siffeen, and Harb Bin Shirjeel went to him-asws, and he was from the (well-known) faces of his community. Are you being overcome by your women upon what I-asws hear? Will you not end them from this whining?’’[158]
32- إِكْمَالُ الدِّينِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَتِّيلٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْكُوفِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا حَضَرَتْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْوَفَاةُ جَزِعَ جَزَعاً شَدِيداً فَلَمَّا أَنْ أَغْمَضَهُ دَعَا بِقَمِيصٍ غَسِيلٍ أَوْ جَدِيدٍ فَلَبِسَهُ ثُمَّ تَسَرَّحَ وَ خَرَجَ يَأْمُرُ وَ يَنْهَى
(The book) ‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Al-Hassan Bin Mateel, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazzal, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufi who said,
‘When the expiry presented to Ismail son of Abu Abdullah-asws, he-asws came out severely alarmed. When he-asws had closed his eyes, he-asws called for a washed shirt or new shirt. He‑asws wore it, then combed (his-asws hair) and came out instructing and forbidding’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَقَدْ ظَنَنَّا أَنْ لَا نَنْتَفِعَ بِكَ زَمَاناً لِمَا رَأَيْنَا مِنْ جَزَعِكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘One of his-asws companions said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you‑asws! We thought that we will not be benefitting with you-asws for a long time due to what we saw from your-asws alarm!’
قَالَ ع إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ نَجْزَعُ مَا لَمْ تَنْزِلِ الْمُصِيبَةُ وَ إِذَا نَزَلَتْ صَبَرْنَا.
He-asws said: ‘We-asws, People-asws of the Household get alarmed for as long as the calamity has not descended yet, and when it does descend, we-asws are patient’’.[159]
33- الْخِصَالُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ الْبَحْرَانِيِّ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الْبَكَّاءُونَ خَمْسَةٌ آدَمُ وَ يَعْقُوبُ وَ يُوسُفُ وَ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ ص وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Muhammad Bin Sahl Al Bahrany, raising it to,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The crying ones are five – Adam-as, and Yaqoub-as, and Yusuf-as, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws daughter-asws of Muhammad-saww, and Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws.
فَأَمَّا آدَمُ فَبَكَى عَلَى الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى صَارَ فِي خَدَّيْهِ أَمْثَالُ الْأَوْدِيَةِ وَ أَمَّا يَعْقُوبُ فَبَكَى عَلَى يُوسُفَ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ وَ حَتَّى قِيلَ لَهُ تَاللَّهِ تَفْتَؤُا تَذْكُرُ يُوسُفَ حَتَّى تَكُونَ حَرَضاً أَوْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْهالِكِينَ
As for Adam-as, he-as cried upon the Paradise to the extent that there became in his-as cheeks like the valleys; and as for Yaqoub-as, he-as cried upon Yusuf-as to the extent that his-as sight was gone, and to the extent that it was said to him-asws: ‘By Allah! You will not cease remembering Yusuf until you become fatally ill or become from the perished ones’ [12:85].
وَ أَمَّا يُوسُفُ فَبَكَى عَلَى يَعْقُوبَ حَتَّى تَأَذَّى بِهِ أَهْلُ السِّجْنِ فَقَالُوا إِمَّا أَنْ تَبْكِيَ اللَّيْلَ وَ تَسْكُتَ بِالنَّهَارِ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ تَبْكِيَ النَّهَارَ وَ تَسْكُتَ بِاللَّيْلِ فَصَالَحَهُمْ عَلَى وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا
And as for Yusuf-as, he-as cried upon Yaqoub-as to the extent the people of the prison were harmed by it. They said, ‘Either you-as cry at night be quiet at daytime, or you cry by the day and be quiet at night!’ He-as reconciled with them upon one of the two.
وَ أَمَّا فَاطِمَةُ فَبَكَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى تَأَذَّى بِهَا أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالُوا لَهَا قَدْ آذَيْتِنَا بِكَثْرَةِ بُكَائِكِ وَ كَانَتْ تَخْرُجُ إِلَى مَقَابِرِ الشُّهَدَاءِ فَتَبْكِي حَتَّى تَقْضِيَ حَاجَتَهَا ثُمَّ تَنْصَرِفُ
And as for (Syeda) Fatima-asws, she-asws cried upon Rasool-Allah-saww until the people of Al-Medina were bothered by it. They said to her-asws, ‘You-asws are bothering us due to the abundance of your-asws crying!’, and she-asws used to go out to the graveyard of the martyrs and cry until she-asws had fulfilled her-asws need, then she-asws would leave.
وَ أَمَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَبَكَى عَلَى الْحُسَيْنِ ع عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً أَوْ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً مَا وُضِعَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ طَعَامٌ إِلَّا بَكَى حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُ مَوْلًى لَهُ إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْهَالِكِينَ
And as for Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, he-asws cried upon Al-Husayn-asws for twenty years, or forty years. Food would not be placed in front of him-asws except he-asws cried. A slave of his-asws said to him-asws, ‘I am fearing upon you-asws from being from the perished ones!’
قَالَ إِنَّما أَشْكُوا بَثِّي وَ حُزْنِي إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ أَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ إِنِّي لَمْ أَذْكُرْ مَصْرَعَ بَنِي فَاطِمَةَ إِلَّا خَنَقَتْنِي لِذَلِكَ عَبْرَةٌ.
He-asws said: ‘But rather, I only complain of my sorrow and grief to Allah, and I know from Allah what you do not know’ [12:86]. I-asws do not remember the slaying of the sons of (Syeda) Fatima-asws except the tears choke me-asws!’’[160]
34- إِخْتِيَارُ الرِّجَالِ، لِلْكَشِّيِّ عَنْ حَمْدَوَيْهِ وَ مُحَمَّدٍ ابْنَيْ نُصَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ قَالَ: ذَكَرْتُ أَبَا الْخَطَّابِ وَ مَقْتَلَهُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع
(The book) ‘Ikhtiyar Al Rijaal’ of Al Kashi – from Hamdawiya and Muhammad, two sons of Nuseyr, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Hameed Al Attar, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub, from Abdullah Bin Bakr who said,
‘I recalled Abu Al-Khattab and his killing, in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws’.
He (the narrator) said, ‘I softened at that, so I cried. He-asws said: ‘Are you feeling sorry upon them?’
قَالَ فَرَقَقْتُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فَبَكَيْتُ فَقَالَ أَ تَأْسَى عَلَيْهِمْ فَقُلْتُ لَا وَ لَكِنْ سَمِعْتُكَ تَذْكُرُ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَتَلَ أَصْحَابَ النَّهْرَوَانِ فَأَصْبَحَ أَصْحَابُ عَلِيٍّ ع يَبْكُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَ تَأْسَوْنَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالُوا لَا إِنَّا ذَكَرْنَا الْأُلْفَةَ الَّتِي كُنَّا عَلَيْهَا وَ الْبَلِيَّةَ الَّتِي أَوْقَعَتْهُمْ فَلِذَلِكَ رَقَقْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ
I said, ‘No, but I heard you-asws mentioning that Ali-asws killed the companions of Al-Naharwan, the companions became crying upon them. So, Ali-asws said: ‘Are you feeling sorry upon them?’ They said, ‘No! We remembered the intimacy which we had been upon, and the misfortune which has befallen them, for that we have softened upon them’.
قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.
He-asws said: ‘There is no problem’’.[161]
35- فَلَاحُ السَّائِلِ، رَوَى غِيَاثُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي كِتَابِهِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مَوْلَانَا عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: التَّعْزِيَةُ مَرَّةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْفَنَ وَ بَعْدَ مَا يُدْفَنُ.
(The book) ‘Falah Al Sa’ail’ – It is reported by Giyas Bin Ibrahim in his book, by his chain,
‘From our Master Ali-asws having said: ‘The condolence is (given) once before he is buried and after he is buried’’.[162]
وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي التَّعْزِيَةِ مَا مَعْنَاهُ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا الْمَيِّتُ قَدْ قَرَّبَكَ مَوْتُهُ مِنْ رَبِّكَ أَوْ بَاعَدَكَ عَنْ ذَنْبِكَ فَهَذِهِ لَيْسَتْ مُصِيبَةً وَ لَكِنَّهَا لَكَ رَحْمَةٌ وَ عَلَيْكَ نِعْمَةٌ
And it is reported from Al-Sadiq-asws having said regarding the condolence: ‘What does it mean? If this deceased, his death has brought you closer to your Lord, or has distanced you from your sins, so this isn’t a calamity, but it is a mercy for you and a bounty upon you.
وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَا وَعَظَكَ وَ لَا بَاعَدَكَ عَنْ ذَنْبِكَ وَ لَا قَرَّبَكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ فَمُصِيبَتُكَ بِقَسَاوَةِ قَلْبِكَ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ مُصِيبَتِكَ بِمَيِّتِكَ إِنْ كُنْتَ عَارِفاً بِرَبِّكَ.
And if it has neither preached you, nor distanced you from your sin, nor drawn you closer to your Lord-azwj, then your calamity with the cruelty of your heart is mightiest than your calamity with your deceased, if you were a recogniser of your Lord-azwj’’.[163]
36- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ حَرِيزِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ السِّجِسْتَانِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: يُصْنَعُ لِلْمَيِّتِ مَأْتَمٌ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ يَوْمَ مَاتَ.
And from him, from Hareyz Bin Abdullah Al Sijistany, by his chain to,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘The mourning sessions for the deceased should be made for three days from the day he dies’’.[164]
37- أَعْلَامُ الدِّينِ، لِلدَّيْلَمِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع يُعَزِّي قَوْماً عَلَيْكُمْ بِالصَّبْرِ فَإِنَّ بِهِ يَأْخُذُ الْحَازِمُ وَ إِلَيْهِ يَرْجِعُ الْجَازِعُ.
(The book) ‘A’lam Al Deen’ of Al Daylami who said,
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Condoling a people, ‘Upon you all is with being patient’, for the determined one with take with it, and the alarmed one will return to it’’.[165]
وَ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِلْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ وَ قَدْ عَزَّاهُ بِمَوْتِ وَلَدِهِ التَّهْنِئَةُ بِآجِلِ الثَّوَابِ أَوْلَى مِنَ التَّعْزِيَةِ عَلَى عَاجِلِ الْمُصِيبَةِ.
And from Al-Reza-asws having said to Al-Hassan Bin Sahl, and he-asws had condoled him for the death of his son: ‘Congratulations for the future Rewards is foremost than the condolence upon the current calamity’’.[166]
38 الدُّرَّةُ الْبَاهِرَةُ، مِنَ الْأَصْدَافِ الطَّاهِرَةِ عَنْهُ ع مِثْلَهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Durr Al Bahira Min Al Asdaf Al Tahira’,
‘From him-asws – similar to it’’.[167]
وَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الثَّالِثُ ع الْمُصِيبَةُ لِلصَّابِرِ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ لِلْجَازِعِ اثْنَتَانِ.
And he said, ‘Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 3rd said: ‘The calamity for the patient one is one, and for the alarmed are two (calamities)’’.[168]
39- كِتَابُ الْمَسَائِلِ، بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ النَّوْحِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ أَ يَصْلُحُ قَالَ يُكْرَهُ.
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Masail’ – By the chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the lamenting upon the deceased, ‘Is it correct?’ He-asws said: ‘It is disliked’’.[169]
40- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِنَّ التَّعْزِيَةَ تُورِثُ الْجَنَّةَ وَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ مَوَالِي أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِلَيْهِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ ع مَا لِي أَرَاكَ حَزِيناً
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘The condolence inherits the Paradise, and a man from the friends of Abu Abdullah-asws came to him-asws. He-asws looked at him. He-asws said: ‘What is the matter I‑asws see you grieving?’
فَقَالَ كَانَ لِيَ ابْنٌ قُرَّةُ عَيْنٍ فَمَاتَ
He said, ‘There was a son for me, delight of eyes, he died!’
فَتَمَثَّلَ ع-
| عَطِيَّتُهُ إِذَا أَعْطَى سُرُورٌ- | وَ إِنْ أَخَذَ الَّذِي أَعْطَى أَثَابَا | |
| فَأَيُّ النِّعْمَتَيْنِ أَعَمُّ شُكْراً | وَ أَجْزَلُ فِي عَوَاقِبِهَا إِيَاباً | |
| أَ نِعْمَتُهُ الَّتِي أَبْدَتْ سُرُوراً | أَمِ الْأُخْرَى الَّتِي ادَّخَرَتْ ثَوَاباً |
He-asws gave an example (by a couplet): ‘When I was Given him, I was Given happiness, and if the One-azwj Who Gave me has Taken, Gives the Reward. So, which of the two bounties is more generalised of thanking, and more plentiful in its consequence in return? Is it His-azwj bounty which began the happiness, or the other which has Treasured Rewards?’
وَ قَالَ ع إِذَا أَصَابَكَ مِنْ هَذَا شَيْءٌ فَأَفِضْ مِنْ دُمُوعِكَ فَإِنَّهَا تُسَكِّنُ.
And he-asws said: ‘When something from this afflicts you, then pour out from your tears, for it is calmness’’.[170]
41- كِتَابُ الصِّفِّينِ، لِنَصْرِ بْنِ مُزَاحِمٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ الْفَائِشِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا مَرَّ عَلِيٌّ ع بِالثَّوْرِيِّينَ سَمِعَ الْبُكَاءَ فَقَالَ مَا هَذِهِ الْأَصْوَاتُ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Siffeen’ of Nasr Bin Muzahim – from Umar Bin Sa’ad, from Abu Abdullah in Aasim Al Faishy who said,
‘When Ali-asws passed by Al-Sowreyn, he heard crying. He-asws said: ‘What are these voices?
قِيلَ هَذَا الْبُكَاءُ عَلَى مَنْ قُتِلَ بِصِفِّينَ
It was said, ‘This is the crying upon the ones killed at (battle of) Siffeen!’
قَالَ أَمَا إِنِّي شَهِيدٌ لِمَنْ قُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ صَابِراً مُحْتَسِباً لِلشَّهَادَةِ
He-asws said: ‘As for me-asws, I-asws am a witness to those of them who were killed patiently, seeking martyrdom’.
ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِالْفَائِشِيِّينَ فَسَمِعَ الْأَصْوَاتَ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِالشِّبَامِيِّينَ فَسَمِعَ رَنَّةً شَدِيدَةً وَ صَوْتاً مُرْتَفِعاً عَالِياً فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ حَرْبُ بْنُ شُرَحْبِيلَ الشِّبَامِيُّ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَ تَغْلِبُكُمْ نِسَاؤُكُمْ أَ لَا تَنْهَوْنَهُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا الصِّيَاحِ وَ الرَّنِينِ
Then he-asws passed by Al-Faisheen. He-asws heard the voices. He-asws said similar to that. Then he-asws passed by Al-Shabameen. He heard severe clamour and voices raised high. Harb Bin Shurheel Al-Shibamy came out to him-asws. Ali-asws said: ‘Are your women overcoming you? Why don’t you desist them from this shouting and clamour?’
قَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَوْ كَانَتْ دَاراً أَوْ دَارَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثاً قَدَرْنَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنْ مِنْ هَذَا الْحَيِّ ثَمَانُونَ وَ مِائَةُ قَتِيلٍ فَلَيْسَ مِنْ دَارٍ إِلَّا وَ فِيهَا بُكَاءٌ أَمَّا نَحْنُ مَعَاشِرَ الرِّجَالِ فَإِنَّا لَا نَبْكِي وَ لَكِنْ نَفْرَحُ لَهُمْ بِالشَّهَادَةِ
He said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Had it been one house, or two, or three, we would have been able upon that, but from this tribe there are one hundred and eighty slain. There isn’t any house except and there is crying in it. As for us, community of men, we do not cry, but we are rejoicing for them with (having achieved) the martyrdom’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع رَحِمَ اللَّهُ قَتْلَاكُمْ وَ مَوْتَاكُمْ.
Ali-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on your slain and dead ones!’’[171]
42- مُسَكِّنُ الْفُؤَادِ، لِلشَّهِيدِ الثَّانِي عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: أَشَدُّ الْجَزَعِ الصُّرَاخُ بِالْوَيْلِ وَ الْعَوِيلِ وَ لَطْمُ الْوَجْهِ وَ الصَّدْرِ وَ جَزُّ الشَّعْرِ وَ مَنْ أَقَامَ النُّوَاحَةَ فَقَدْ تَرَكَ الصَّبْرَ وَ أَخَذَ فِي غَيْرِ طَرِيقِهِ
(The book) ‘Musakkin Al Fuwad’ of Al Shaheed Al Sany, from Jabir,
‘From Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘Severest of the panic is the shrieking with the woe, and the howling, and slapping the face and the chest, and pulling the hair; and the one who establishes the wailing women so he has neglected the patience and has taken in other than its path.
وَ مَنْ صَبَرَ وَ اسْتَرْجَعَ وَ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ فَقَدْ رَضِيَ بِمَا صَنَعَ اللَّهُ وَ وَقَعَ أَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ جَرَى عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ وَ هُوَ ذَمِيمٌ وَ أَحْبَطَ اللَّهُ أَجْرَهُ.
And the one patience and says, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj’, and praising Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Mention, so he is satisfied with what Allah-azwj has Done, and his Recompense falls upon Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and the one who does not do that, the Decree will flow upon him (anyway) and he would be condemned, and Allah-azwj will Nullify his Recompense’’.[172]
43- مُسَكِّنُ الْفُؤَادِ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: يَا إِسْحَاقُ لَا تَعُدَّنَّ مُصِيبَةً أُعْطِيتَ عَلَيْهَا الصَّبْرَ وَ اسْتَوْجَبْتَ عَلَيْهَا مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الثَّوَابَ إِنَّمَا الْمُصِيبَةُ الَّتِي تَحْرُمُ صَاحِبُهَا أَجْرَهَا وَ ثَوَابَهَا إِذَا لَمْ يَصْبِرْ عِنْدَ نُزُولِهَا
(The book) ‘Musakkin Al Fuwad’ – from Is’haq Bin Ammar,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘O Is’haq! Do not count as calamity (if) you have been Given the patience upon it, and the Rewards are obligated from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic. But rather, the calamity is which its owner (afflicted) is deprived of its Recompense and its Rewards when he is not patient during its befalling.
وَ فِي مُنَاجَاةِ مُوسَى ع أَيْ رَبِّ أَيُّ خَلْقِكَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ
And in a whispering by Musa-as: ‘Yes, Lord-azwj! Which of your creatures is most Beloved to you-azwj?’
قَالَ مَنْ إِذَا أَخَذْتُ حَبِيبَهُ سَالَمَنِي
He-azwj Said: “One, when I-azwj Seize his beloved, he submits to Me-azwj!”
قَالَ فَأَيُّ خَلْقِكَ أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِ سَاخِطٌ
He-as said: ‘Which of Your-azwj creatures You-azwj are Wrathful upon?’
قَالَ مَنْ يَسْتَخِيرُنِي فِي الْأَمْرِ فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُ لَهُ سَخِطَ قَضَائِي.
He-azwj Said: “One who seeks My-azwj Choice (Istikhara) regarding the matter. When I-azwj Decree for him, he is annoyed at My-azwj Decree!”[173]
وَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِيَدِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ فَأَتَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ هُوَ يَجُودُ بِنَفْسِهِ فَوَضَعَهُ فِي حِجْرِهِ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي لَا أَمْلِكُ لَكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئاً وَ ذَرَفَتْ عَيْنَاهُ
And from Jabir Bin Abdullah said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww held a hand of Abdul Rahman Bin Awf. He-saww came to Ibrahim-as and he-as was finding his-as last breath in his-as room. He-saww said: ‘O my-saww son-as! I-saww cannot control any for you-as from Allah-azwj!’, and his-saww eyes overflowed.
فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص تَبْكِي أَ وَ لَمْ تَنْهَ عَنِ الْبُكَاءِ
Abdul Rahman said to him-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww are crying, and did you-saww not forbid from the crying?’
قَالَ إِنَّمَا نَهَيْتُ عَنِ النَّوْحِ عَنْ صَوْتَيْنِ أَحْمَقَيْنِ فَاجِرَيْنِ صَوْتٍ عِنْدَ نِعَمٍ لَعِبٍ وَ لَهْوٍ وَ مَزَامِيرِ شَيْطَانٍ وَ صَوْتٍ عِنْدَ مُصِيبَةٍ خَمْشِ وُجُوهٍ وَ شَقِّ جُيُوبٍ وَ رَنَّةِ شَيْطَانٍ
He-saww said: ‘But rather, I-saww have forbidden from the lamenting from two foolish immoral sounds – sound during the bounties, playful-ness and amusements, and flutes of Satan-la; and the sound during the calamity are – scratching the faces, and tearing the pocket, and clamour of Satan-la.
إِنَّمَا هَذِهِ رَحْمَةٌ مَنْ لَا يَرْحَمْ لَا يُرْحَمْ لَوْ لَا أَنَّهُ أَمْرٌ حَقٌّ وَ وَعْدٌ صِدْقٌ وَ سَبِيلٌ بِاللَّهِ وَ أَنَّ آخِرَنَا سَيَلْحَقُ أَوَّلَنَا لَحَزِنَّا عَلَيْكَ حَزَناً أَشَدَّ مِنْ هَذَا وَ إِنَّا بِكَ لَمَحْزُونُونَ تَبْكِي الْعَيْنُ وَ يَدْمَعُ الْقَلْبُ وَ لَا نَقُولُ مَا يُسْخِطُ الرَّبَّ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
But rather, (crying) is a mercy. One who has no mercy will not be mercied. Had it not been a truthful matter, and a sincere promise, and way with Allah-azwj, and that our latter ones will be joining with our former ones, I-saww would have cried upon you-as with a grief most intense than this, and I-saww am grief-stricken with you-as. The eyes cry, and the heart sheds tears, and we-saww do not say what would Annoy the Lord-azwj, Mighty and Majestic’.
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى يَحْزَنُ الْقَلْبُ وَ تَدْمَعُ الْعَيْنُ وَ لَا نَقُولُ مَا يُسْخِطُ الرَّبَّ- وَ إِنَّا عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ لَمَحْزُونُونَ.
And in another report: ‘The heart grieves, and the eyes shed tears, and we-saww do not say what Annoys the Lord-azwj, and I-saww am grief-stricken upon Ibrahim-as!’’[174]
وَ عَنْ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ لَبِيدٍ قَالَ: انْكَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ يَوْمَ مَاتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ النَّاسُ انْكَسَفَتْ لِمَوْتِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ النَّبِيِّ ص
And from Mahmoud Bin Labeyd who said,
‘The sun was eclipsed on the day Ibrahim-saww, son-as of Rasool-Allah-saww passed away. The people said, ‘It has been eclipsed due to the death of Ibrahim-as son-as of the Prophet-saww!’
فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص حِينَ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ الشَّمْسَ وَ الْقَمَرَ آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ- لَا تَنْكَسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ وَ لَا لِحَيَاتِهِ وَ إِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ ذَلِكَ فَافْزَعُوا إِلَى الْمَسَاجِدِ وَ دَمَعَتْ عَيْنَاهُ
Rasool-Allah-saww came out when he-saww heard that. He-saww praised Allah-azwj and extolled upon Him-azwj, then said: ‘As for after, O you people! The sun and the moon are two Signs from the Signs of Allah-azwj! They neither get eclipsed at the death of anyone nor for his life, and when you see that, then panic to the Masjids!’ – and his-saww eyes shed tears.
فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص تَبْكِي وَ أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ
They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww are crying, and you-saww are a Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj?’
فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ تَدْمَعُ الْعَيْنُ وَ يُفْجَعُ الْقَلْبُ وَ لَا نَقُولُ مَا يُسْخِطُ الرَّبَّ وَ اللَّهِ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ إِنَّا بِكَ لَمَحْزُونُونَ.
He-saww said: ‘But rather, I-saww am a mortal! The eyes sheds tears, and the heart is agonised, and we-saww do not say what would Annoy the Lord-azwj. By Allah-azwj, O Ibrahim-as! We-saww are grief-stricken with you-as!’’[175]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص يَوْمَ مَاتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ مَا كَانَ مِنْ حُزْنٍ فِي الْقَلْبِ أَوْ فِي الْعَيْنِ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ رَحْمَةٌ وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ حُزْنٍ بِاللِّسَانِ وَ بِالْيَدِ فَهُوَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ.
And the Prophet-saww said on the day Ibrahim-as passed away: ‘Whatever grief were to be in the heart, or in the eye, it is rather a mercy, and whatever grief were to be with the tongue and the hand, it is from the Satan-la’’.[176]
وَ رَوَى الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص لَمَّا خُرِجَ بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ خَرَجَ يَمْشِي ثُمَّ جَلَسَ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ ثُمَّ وَلَّى وَ لَمَّا رَآهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَدْ وُضِعَ فِي الْقَبْرِ دَمَعَتْ عَيْنَاهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى الصَّحَابَةُ ذَلِكَ بَكَوْا حَتَّى ارْتَفَعَتْ أَصْوَاتُهُمْ
And it is reported by Al Zubeyr Bin Bakkar –
‘When the Prophet-saww came out with Ibrahim-as (deceased), came out walking. Then he-saww sat at his-as grave. Then he-saww turn, and when Rasool-Allah-saww saw he-as had been placed in the grave, his-saww eyes shed tears. When the companions saw that, they cried until their voices were raised.
فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَبْكِي وَ أَنْتَ تَنْهَى عَنِ الْبُكَاءِ
Abu Bakr turned towards him-saww. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww are crying and you‑saww have forbidden from the crying?’
فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص تَدْمَعُ الْعَيْنُ وَ يَوْجَعُ الْقَلْبُ وَ لَا نَقُولُ مَا يُسْخِطُ الرَّبَّ.
The Prophet-saww said: ‘The eyes shed tears, and the heart is agonised, and we-saww do not say what Annoys the Lord-azwj!’’[177]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ ص لَمَّا مَاتَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مَظْعُونٍ كَشَفَ الثَّوْبَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَبَّلَ مَا بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ ثُمَّ بَكَى طَوِيلًا فَلَمَّا رُفِعَ السَّرِيرُ قَالَ طُوبَاكَ يَا عُثْمَانُ لَمْ تَلْبَسْكَ الدُّنْيَا وَ لَمْ تَلْبَسْهَا.
And it is reported that when Usman Bin Mazoun died, he-saww uncovered the cloth from his face, the kissed what is between his eyes, then cried for a long time. When the bier was raised, he-saww said: ‘Beatitude be for you, O Usman! The world did not wear you, and you did not wear it!’’[178]
وَ عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ: أُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ص بِأُمَامَةَ بِنْتِ زَيْنَبَ وَ نَفْسُهَا تَتَقَعْقَعُ فِي صَدْرِهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِلَّهِ مَا أَخَذَ وَ لِلَّهِ مَا أَعْطَى وَ كُلٌّ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى وَ بَكَى
And from Usama Bin Zayd who said,
‘The Prophet-saww was brought Umama Bint Zainab and her breathing was gurgling in her chest. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘For Allah-azwj is what He-azwj Takes, and for Allah-azwj is what He‑azwj Gives, and all is to a specified term’, and he-saww cried.
فَقَالَ لَهُ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ تَبْكِي وَ قَدْ نَهَيْتَ عَنِ الْبُكَاءِ
S’ad Bin Ubada said to him-saww, ‘You-saww are crying and you-saww have forbidden us from the crying?’
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّمَا هِيَ رَحْمَةٌ يَجْعَلُهَا اللَّهُ فِي قُلُوبِ عِبَادِهِ وَ إِنَّمَا يَرْحَمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الرُّحَمَاءَ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘But rather, it (crying) is a mercy Allah-azwj has Made it to be in the hearts of His-azwj servant, and rather, Allah-azwj Mercies the merciful ones from His-azwj servants’’.[179]
44- مُسَكِّنُ الْفُؤَادِ، لَمَّا أُصِيبَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَسْمَاءَ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَخْرِجِي لِي وُلْدَ جَعْفَرٍ
(The book) ‘Musakkin Al-Fuwad’ –
‘When Ja’far-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with him-as, was killed, Rasool-Allah-saww came to Asma (Bint Umeys). He-saww said to her: ‘Bring out to me-saww the children of Ja’far-as!’
فَأُخْرِجُوا إِلَيْهِ فَضَمَّهُمْ إِلَيْهِ وَ شَمَّهُمْ وَ دَمَعَتْ عَيْنَاهُ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أُصِيبَ جَعْفَرٌ
They were brought out to him-saww, and he-saww smelt them, and his-saww shed tears. She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Has Ja’far-as been killed?’
فَقَالَ ص نَعَمْ أُصِيبَ الْيَوْمَ
He-saww said: ‘Yes, he-as was killed today’’.
قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ أَحْفَظُ حِينَ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى أُمِّي فَنَعَى لَهَا أَبِي وَ نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ يَمْسَحُ عَلَى رَأْسِي وَ رَأْسِ أَخِي وَ عَيْنَاهُ تُهْرِقَانِ الدُّمُوعَ حَتَّى تَقْطُرُ لِحْيَتَهُ
Abdullah son of Ja’far-as said, ‘I memorised when Rasool-Allah-saww entered to see my mother and obituarised my father-as to her, and she looked at him-saww and he-saww was caressing my head and head of my brother, and his-saww eyes were spilling the tears until they dripped to his-saww beard.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ جَعْفَراً قَدْ قَدِمَ إِلَى أَحْسَنِ الثَّوَابِ فَاخْلُفْهُ فِي ذُرِّيَّتِهِ بِأَحْسَنِ مَا خَلَفْتَ أَحَداً مِنْ عِبَادِكَ فِي ذُرِّيَّتِهِ
Then he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Ja’far-as had gone ahead to excellent Rewards, so Replace him-asws in his-asws offspring with most excellent of what You-azwj have Replaced any from Your-azwj servants in his offspring!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَسْمَاءُ أَ لَا أُبَشِّرُكِ
Then he-saww said: ‘O Asma! Shall I-saww give you glad tidings?’
قَالَتْ بَلَى بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي
She said, ‘Yes, may my father and my mother be (sacrificed) for you-saww!’
فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَعَلَ لِجَعْفَرٍ جَنَاحَيْنِ يَطِيرُ بِهِمَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ
He-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Made two wings to be for Ja’far-asws. He-asws flies with these in the Paradise’.
وَ لَمَّا انْصَرَفَ النَّبِيُّ ص مِنْ أُحُدٍ رَاجِعاً إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَقِيَتْهُ خَمِيسَةُ بِنْتُ جَحْشٍ فَنَعَى لَهَا النَّاسُ أَخَاهَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ جَحْشٍ فَاسْتَرْجَعَتْ وَ اسْتَغْفَرَتْ لَهُ
And when the Prophet-saww left from (battle of) Ohad returning to Al-Medina, he-saww was met by Khameesa Bint Jahsh. The Prophet-saww obituarised to her of her brother Abdullah Bin Jahsh. She said, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj, and O seek Forgiveness for him’.
ثُمَّ نَعَى لَهَا خَالَهَا فَاسْتَغْفَرَتْ لَهُ ثُمَّ نَعَى لَهَا زَوْجَهَا مُصْعَبَ بْنَ عُمَيْرٍ فَصَاحَتْ وَ وَلْوَلَتْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ زَوْجَ الْمَرْأَةِ مِنْهَا لَبِمَكَانٍ لِمَا رَأَى صَبْرَهَا عَلَى أَخِيهَا وَ خَالِهَا وَ صِيَاحَهَا عَلَى زَوْجِهَا
Then he-saww obituarised to her of her maternal uncle, so she sought Forgiveness for him. Then he-saww obituarised to her of husband Mus’ab Bin Umeyr. She cried and squealed. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Surely, a husband of the woman from her is at the place when he sees her patience upon her brother, and her maternal uncle, and her cries upon her husband’.
ثُمَّ مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى دُورٍ مِنْ دُورِ الْأَنْصَارِ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ فَسَمِعَ الْبُكَاءَ وَ النَّوَائِحَ عَلَى قَتْلَاهُمْ فَذَرَفَتْ عَيْنَاهُ وَ بَكَى ثُمَّ قَالَ لَكِنَّ حَمْزَةَ لَا بَوَاكِيَ لَهُ
The Rasool-Allah-saww passed by houses from houses of the Helpers from the clan of Abdul Ashal. He-saww heard the crying and the lamenting upon their slain. His-saww eyes filled up and he-saww wept. Then he-saww said: ‘But Hamza-as, there are no criers for him-as’.
فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ وَ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ إِلَى دُورِ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ أَمَرَا نِسَاءَهُمْ أَنْ يَذْهَبْنَ فَيَبْكِينَ عَلَى عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بُكَاءَهُنَّ عَلَى حَمْزَةَ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِنَّ وَ هُنَّ عَلَى بَابِ مَسْجِدِهِ يَبْكِينَ فَقَالَ لَهُنَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ارْجِعْنَ يَرْحَمُكُنَّ اللَّهُ فَقَدْ وَاسَيْتُنَّ بِأَنْفُسِكُنَّ.
When Sa’d Bin Muaz, and Useyd Bin Huzeyr returned to houses of the clan of Abdul Ashal, they instructed their womenfolk to go and cry upon the uncle-as of Rasool-Allah-saww. When Rasool-Allah-saww heard their crying upon Hamza-as, he-saww came out to them, and he-saww was at the door of his-saww Masjid, crying. Rasool-Allah-saww said to them: ‘Return, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on you all, for you have consoled yourselves!’’[180]
وَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلَ الرَّحْمَنِ سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ أَنْ يَرْزُقَهُ ابْنَةً تَبْكِيهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ.
And from Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘Ibrahim-as, friend of the Beneficent, asked his-as Lord-azwj to Grace him‑as a daughter who will cry upon him-as after his-as death’’.[181]
45- مُسَكِّنُ الْفُؤَادِ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ ضَرَبَ الْخُدُودَ وَ شَقَّ الْجُيُوبَ.
(The book) ‘Musakkin Al Fuwad’ – from Ibn Masoud who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘He isn’t from us-asws, one who strikes the cheeks and tears the pockets (shirt)’’.[182]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَعَنَ الْخَامِشَةَ وَجْهَهَا وَ الشَّاقَّةَ جَيْبَهَا وَ الدَّاعِيَةَ بِالْوَيْلِ وَ الثُّبُورِ.
And from Abu Umama,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww cursed the woman scratching her face, and tearing her pocket, and calling with the woe and ruination’’.[183]
وَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ خَالِدٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ص فَقَالَ مَا يُحْبِطُ الْأَجْرَ فِي الْمُصِيبَةِ
And from Yahya Bin Khalid –
‘A man came to the Prophet-saww. He said, ‘What nullifies the Recompense during the calamity?’
قَالَ تَصْفِيقُ الرَّجُلِ بِيَمِينِهِ عَلَى شِمَالِهِ وَ الصَّبْرُ عِنْدَ الصَّدْمَةِ الْأُولَى مَنْ رَضِيَ فَلَهُ الرِّضَا وَ مَنْ سَخِطَ فَلَهُ السَّخَطُ.
He-saww said: ‘The man clapping (striking) his right hand upon his left hand, and the patience at the shock is foremost. One who is satisfied, for him is the Satisfaction (of Allah-azwj, and one who is annoyed, for him is the Annoyance (of Allah-azwj)’’.[184]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَنَا بَرِيءٌ مِمَّنْ حَلَقَ وَ صَلَقَ أَيْ حَلَقَ الشَّعْرَ وَ رَفَعَ صَوْتَهُ.
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘I-saww am disavowed from the one who ‘Halaqa’ and ‘Salaqa’ – i.e., shaves the hair (of the head) and raises his voice (at the bereavement)’’.[185]
46- مُسَكِّنُ الْفُؤَادِ، عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص النَّائِحَةُ إِذَا لَمْ تَتُبْ تُقَامُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ عَلَيْهَا سِرْبَالٌ مِنْ قَطِرَانٍ.
(The book) ‘Musakkin Al Fuwad’ – from Abu Malik Al Ashari,
‘From the Prophet-saww said: ‘The wailing woman, when she does not repent, will stand on the Day of Qiyamah and upon her would be a garment of tar’’.[186]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِ لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص النَّائِحَةَ وَ الْمُسْتَمِعَةَ
And from Abu Saeed Al Khudry –
‘Rasool-Allah-saww cursed the wailing woman and the audible’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ وَ هَذَا النَّهْيُ مَحْمُولٌ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ كَمَا يَظْهَرُ مِنْهَا وَ بِهِ يُجْمَعُ بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَ الْأَخْبَارِ السَّابِقَةِ.
Then he, may Allah-azwj have Mercy on him, said, ‘And this prohibition is carried upon the falsehood, just as is apparent from it, and by it one can gather between it and the previous Ahadeeth’’.[187]
وَ رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: أَ تَدْرُونَ مَا حَقُّ الْجَارِ
And it is reported by Amro Bin Shueyb, from his father, from his grandfather,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Are you know what is a right of the neighbour?’
قَالُوا لَا
They said, ‘No’.
قَالَ إِنِ اسْتَغَاثَكَ أَغِثْهُ وَ إِنِ اسْتَقْرَضَكَ أَقْرِضْهُ وَ إِنِ افْتَقَرَ عُدْتَ إِلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ أَصَابَهُ خَيْرٌ هَنَّأْتَهُ وَ إِنْ مَرِضَ عُدْتَهُ وَ إِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ مُصِيبَةٌ عَزَّيْتَهُ وَ إِنْ مَاتَ تَبِعْتَ جَنَازَتَهُ
He-saww said: ‘If he cries out for help, help him, and if he wants to borrow, lend him, and if he is (still) impoverished repeat to him, and if he achieves good congratulate him, and if he is sick console him, and if he is hit by a calamity (bereavement) condole him, and if he dies follow his funeral.
وَ لَا تَسْتَطِيلُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْبِنَاءِ فَتَحْجُبَ عَنْهُ الرِّيحَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَ إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ فَاكِهَةً فَأَهْدِهَا لَهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَأَدْخِلْهَا سِرّاً وَ لَا يَخْرُجْ بِهَا وُلْدُكَ يَغِيضُ بِهَا وُلْدَهُ وَ لَا تُؤْذِهِ بِرِيحِ قِدْرِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَغْرِفَ لَهُ مِنْهَا.
And do not extend the building upon him for you will veil the wind (air) from him, except by his permission, and when you buy a fruit, gift it to him, and if you don’t do so then enter it secretly, and do not bring out your children to enrage his children by it, nor hurt him by the smell of your cooking pot except if you scoop for him from it’’.[188]
وَ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: مَنْ عَزَّى مُصَاباً فَلَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِهِ.
And from Ibn Masoud –
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘One who consoles an afflicted (by bereavement), for him would be similar to his Recompense’’.[189]
وَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ عَزَّى مُصَاباً كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْقُصَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ أَجْرِهِ شَيْئاً وَ مَنْ كَفَّنَ مُسْلِماً كَسَاهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ سُنْدُسٍ وَ إِسْتَبْرَقٍ وَ حَرِيرٍ
And from Jabir Bin Abdullah, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with him-ra, said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who consoles an afflicted (by bereavement), for him would be similar to his Recompense from without there being any reduction from his Recompense by anything; and the one who shrouds a Muslim, Allah-azwj would Clothe him from the velvet, and the brocade and the silk.
وَ مَنْ حَفَرَ قَبْراً لِمُسْلِمٍ بَنَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ بَيْتاً فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِراً أَظَلَّهُ اللَّهُ فِي ظِلِّهِ يَوْمَ لَا ظِلَّ إِلَّا ظِلُّهُ.
And the one who digs a grave for a Muslim, Allah-azwj would Build for him a house in the Paradise; and the one who respites a bankrupt, Allah-azwj would Shade him in His-azwj Shade on a Day there will be no shade except His-azwj Shade’’.[190]
وَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ أَيْضاً رَفَعَهُ مَنْ عَزَّى حَزِيناً أَلْبَسَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ لِبَاسِ التَّقْوَى وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى رُوحِهِ فِي الْأَرْوَاحِ
And from Jabir as well, raising it: ‘One who consoles a grief-stricken, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will Clothe him from the clothing of piety, and Allah-azwj will Send Salawaat upon his soul among the souls’.
وَ سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ ص عَنِ الْمُصَافَحِ فِي التَّعْزِيَةِ فَقَالَ هُوَ سَكَنٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ وَ مَنْ عَزَّى مُصَاباً فَلَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِهِ.
And the Prophet-saww was asked about the shaking of hands during the condolences, he-saww said: ‘It is a calmness for the Momin, and the one who consoles an afflicted (by bereavement), for him will be similar to his Recompense’’.[191]
وَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ بْنِ حَزْمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ مَنْ عَادَ مَرِيضاً فَلَا يَزَالُ فِي الرَّحْمَةِ حَتَّى إِذَا قَعَدَ عِنْدَهُ اسْتَنْقَعَ فِيهَا ثُمَّ إِذَا قَامَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَلَا يَزَالُ يَخُوضُ فِيهَا حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ مِنْ حَيْثُ خَرَجَ وَ مَنْ عَزَّى أَخَاهُ الْمُؤْمِنَ مِنْ مُصِيبَتِهِ كَسَاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ حُلَلِ الْكَرَامَةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.
And from Abdullah Bin Abu Bakr Bin Muhammad Bin Ameyra Bin Hazm, from his father, from his grandfather,
‘He heard Rasool-Allah-saww and he-saww was saying: ‘One who consoles a sick will not cease to be in the Mercy until when he sits in his presence, would be soaked in it. Then, when he stands from his presence, will not cease to wade in it until he returns from wherever he had come from; and the one who consoles his Momin brother from his calamity, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Clothe him from the honourable garments on the Day of Qiyamah’’.[192]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ عَزَّى ثَكْلَى كُسِيَ بُرْداً فِي الْجَنَّةِ.
And from Abu Hureyra (well known fabricator) who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who consoles a bereaved, would be clothed with a robe in the Paradise’’.[193]
وَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ عَزَّى أَخَاهُ الْمُؤْمِنَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ كَسَاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حُلَّةً خَضْرَاءَ يُحَبَّرُ بِهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
And from Anas (a well-known fabricator) who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who consoles his Momin brother from a calamity, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Clothe him a green garment he will be prided with on the Day of Qiyamah’.
قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا يُحَبَّرُ بِهَا
It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What is ‘prided with it’?’
قَالَ يُغْبَطُ بِهَا.
He-saww said: ‘Envied with it’’.[194]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ دَاوُدَ ع قَالَ إِلَهِي مَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ يُعَزِّي الْحَزِينَ عَلَى الْمَصَائِبِ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِكَ
And it is reported that Dawood-as said: ‘O my-as God-azwj! What is a Recompense of the one who consoles a grief-stricken upon the calamity, seeking Your-azwj Pleasure?’
قَالَ جَزَاؤُهُ أَنْ أَكْسُوَهُ رِدَاءً مِنْ أَرْدِيَةِ الْإِيمَانِ أَسْتُرُهُ بِهِ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ أُدْخِلُهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ
He-azwj said: “His Recompense is that I-azwj would Clothe him a robe from the Robes of Eman, I-azwj shall Veil him from the Fire, and I-azwj shall Admit him into the Paradise!”
قَالَ يَا إِلَهِي فَمَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ شَيَّعَ الْجَنَائِزَ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِكَ
He-as said: ‘My-as God-azwj! What is a Recompense of the one who escorts a funeral, seeking Your-azwj Pleasure?’
قَالَ جَزَاؤُهُ أَنْ تُشَيِّعَهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ إِلَى قَبْرِهِ وَ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ عَلَى رُوحِهِ فِي الْأَرْوَاحِ.
He-azwj Said: “His Recompense is, the Angels will escort him to his grave on the day he dies, and I-azwj shall Send Salawaat upon his soul among the souls!”’[195]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ فَقَالَ أَيْ رَبِّ مَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ بَلَّ الدَّمْعُ وَجْهَهُ مِنْ خَشْيَتِكَ
And it is reported that Ibrahim-as asked his-as Lord-azwj. He-as said: ‘Yes, Lord-azwj! What is a Recompense of the one whose tears wet his face, from fearing You-azwj?’
قَالَ صَلَوَاتِي وَ رِضْوَانِي
He-azwj Said: “My-azwj Salawaat and My-azwj Satisfaction!”
قَالَ فَمَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ يُصَبِّرُ الْحَزِينَ ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِكَ
He-as said: ‘What is a Recompense of the one advising patience to the grief-stricken, seeking Your-azwj Face?’
قَالَ أَكْسُوهُ ثِيَاباً مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ يَتَبَوَّأُ بِهَا الْجَنَّةَ وَ يَتَّقِي بِهَا النَّارَ
He-azwj Said: “I-azwj shall Clothe him clothes from the Eman he can attain the Paradise with it and Save from the Fire by it!”
قَالَ فَمَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ سَدَّدَ الْأَرْمَلَةَ ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِكَ
He-as said: ‘What is a Recompense of the one who takes care of the widow, seeking Your-azwj Face?’
قَالَ أُقِيمُهُ فِي ظِلِّي وَ أُدْخِلُهُ جَنَّتِي
He-azwj Said: “I-azwj Shall Keep him in My-azwj Shade, and Admit him into My-azwj Paradise!”
قَالَ فَمَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ شَيَّعَ الْجَنَازَةَ ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِكَ
He-as said: ‘So what is a Recompense of the one who escorts the funeral, seeking Your-azwj Face?’
قَالَ تُصَلِّي مَلَائِكَتِي عَلَى جَسَدِهِ وَ تُشَيِّعُ رُوحَهُ.
He-azwj Said: “My-azwj Angels will Send Salawaat upon his body and escort his soul!”’[196]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا عَزَّى قَالَ آجَرَكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ رَحِمَكُمْ وَ إِذَا هَنَّأَ قَالَ بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَ بَارَكَ عَلَيْكُمْ.
And from Ali-asws having said: ‘It was so, whenever Rasool-Allah-saww consoled, he-saww said: ‘May Allah-azwj Reward you and Mercy you!’ And when he-saww congratulated, he-saww said: ‘May Allah-azwj Bless you and Send Blessings upon you!’’[197]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ تُوُفِّيَ لِمُعَاذٍ وَلَدٌ فَاشْتَدَّ وَجْدُهُ عَلَيْهِ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ص فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِلَى مُعَاذٍ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ فَإِنِّي أَحْمَدُ إِلَيْكَ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ
And it is reported that a son of Muaz died, and his feelings intensified upon him. That reached the Prophet-saww. He-saww wrote: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful! From Muhammad-saww Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj, to Muaz. Greetings be unto you! I-saww praise Allah‑azwj to you, the One-azwj Who there is no god except He-azwj.
أَمَّا بَعْدُ أَعْظَمَ اللَّهُ لَكَ الْأَجْرَ وَ أَلْهَمَكَ الصَّبْرَ وَ رَزَقَنَا وَ إِيَّاكَ الشُّكْرَ إِنَّ أَنْفُسَنَا وَ أَهَالِيَنَا وَ أَمْوَالَنَا وَ أَوْلَادَنَا مِنْ مَوَاهِبِ اللَّهِ الْهَنِيئَةِ وَ عَوَارِيهِ الْمُسْتَوْدَعَةِ يُمَتَّعُ بِهَا إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَ يُقْبَضُ لِوَقْتٍ مَعْدُودٍ
As for after, may Allah-azwj Magnify the Recompense and Inspire you the patience, and Grace us-saww and you the appreciation. Surely, our souls, and our families, and our wealth, and our children are from the gifts of Allah-azwj, the welcoming, and the deposit is temporary to be enjoying with it up to a known term, and it is recaptured at a numbered time.
ثُمَّ افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْنَا الشُّكْرَ إِذَا أَعْطَانَا وَ الصَّبْرَ إِذَا ابْتَلَانَا وَ قَدْ كَانَ ابْنُكَ مِنْ مَوَاهِبِ اللَّهِ الْهَنِيئَةِ وَ عَوَارِيهِ الْمُسْتَوْدَعَةِ مَتَّعَكَ اللَّهُ بِهِ فِي غِبْطَةٍ وَ سُرُورٍ وَ قَبَضَهُ مِنْكَ بِأَجْرٍ كَثِيرٍ مَذْخُورَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ الْهُدَى إِنْ صَبَرْتَ وَ احْتَسَبْتَ
Then He-azwj Imposed the thanking upon us when He-azwj Gives us, and the Patience when He‑azwj Tries us, and your son was from the gifts of Allah-azwj, the welcoming, and His-azwj temporary deposit. Allah-azwj Caused you to enjoy with him in exultation and happiness, and He-azwj Captured him from you with a lot of Recompense treasured, the Salawaat, and the Mercy, and the Guidance, if you were to be patient and anticipated.
فَلَا تَجْمَعَنَّ عَلَيْكَ مُصِيبَتَيْنِ فَيَحْبَطَ لَكَ أَجْرُكَ وَ تَنْدَمَ عَلَى مَا فَاتَكَ فَلَوْ قَدِمْتَ عَلَى ثَوَابِ مُصِيبَتِكَ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الْمُصِيبَةَ قَدْ قَصُرَتْ فِي جَنْبِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الثَّوَابِ فَتَنَجَّزْ مِنَ اللَّهِ مَوْعُودَهُ وَ لْيَذْهَبْ أَسَفُكَ عَلَى مَا هُوَ نَازِلٌ بِكَ فَكَأَنْ قَدْ وَ السَّلَامُ.
So do not gather two calamities upon you, for your Recompense would be nullified for you, and you will regret upon what is lost by you. If you were to proceed to the Rewards of your calamity (bereavement), you would know that the calamity has been short in the Side of Allah‑azwj, from the (lengthy) Rewards. Allah-azwj will Fulfil His-azwj Promise; and let your regret be upon what has befallen with you, so it was. And the greetings!’’[198]
47- مُسَكِّنُ الْفُؤَادِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جَاءَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع وَ النَّبِيُّ مُسَجًّى وَ فِي الْبَيْتِ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع
(The book) ‘Musakkin Al Fuwad’ –
‘From Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his‑asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, Jibraeel-as came while the Prophet-saww had been laid out (covered with a cloth), and in the house were Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws.
فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ بَيْتِ الرَّحْمَةِ- كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذائِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ وَ إِنَّما تُوَفَّوْنَ أُجُورَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ الْآيَةَ
He-as said: ‘The greetings be unto you-asws all, People-asws of the Household of Mercy! Every self shall taste the death, and rather you will be paid fully your Recompense on the Day of Qiyamah [3:185] – the Verse.
إِنَّ فِي اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَزَاءً مِنْ كُلِّ مُصِيبَةٍ وَ خَلَفاً مِنْ كُلِّ هَالِكٍ وَ دَرَكاً لِمَا فَاتَ فَبِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَثِقُوا وَ إِيَّاهُ فَارْجُوا فَإِنَّ الْمُصَابَ مَنْ حُرِمَ الثَّوَابَ هَذَا آخِرُ وَطْئِي مِنَ الدُّنْيَا.
In Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic there is consolation from every calamity, and a replacement from every perishing thing, and recovery of whatever is lost. Therefore, be trusting with Allah‑azwj Mighty and Majestic, and be hoping to Him-azwj, for the afflicted is the one who is deprived of the Rewards. This is last of my-as treading from the world’’.[199]
وَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَزَّتْهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَسْمَعُونَ الْحِسَّ وَ لَا يَرَوْنَ الشَّخْصَ
And from Jabir Bin Abdullah, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with him-ra, said, ‘When Rasool-Allah‑saww passed away, the Angels consoled them-asws. They-asws were hearing the hiss and were not seeing the persons.
فَقَالُوا السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ إِنَّ فِي اللَّهِ عَزَاءً مِنْ كُلِّ مُصِيبَةٍ وَ خَلَفاً مِنْ كُلِ فَائِتٍ فَبِاللَّهِ فَثِقُوا وَ إِيَّاهُ فَارْجُوا فَإِنَّمَا الْمَحْرُومُ مَنْ حُرِمَ الثَّوَابَ وَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ.
They said, ‘Greetings be unto you-asws all, O People-asws of the Household, and Mercy of Allah‑azwj, and His-azwj Blessings! In Allah-azwj, there is consolation from every calamity, and a replacement of all what is lost, therefore be trusting with Allah-azwj and be hoping to Him-azwj, for rather, the deprived is the one deprived of the Rewards. And the greetings be unto you‑asws all, and Mercy of Allah-azwj, and His-azwj Blessings!’’[200]
وَ رَوَى الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي الدَّلَائِلِ قَالَ: لَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَحْدَقَ بِهِ أَصْحَابُهُ فَبَكَوْا حَوْلَهُ وَ اجْتَمَعُوا وَ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ أَشْهَبُ اللِّحْيَةِ وَ جَسِيمٌ صَبِيحٌ فَتُخْطِئُ رِقَابَهُمْ فَبَكَى ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
And it is reported by Al Bayhaqi in ‘Al Dalail’, said,
‘When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, his-saww companions stared at him-saww. They cried around him-saww and gathered, and a man of grey beard and a radiant body entered. He cut through their necks and cried. Then he turned towards companions of Rasool-Allah-saww.
فَقَالَ إِنَّ فِي اللَّهِ عَزَاءً مِنْ كُلِّ مُصِيبَةٍ وَ عِوَضاً مِنْ كُلِّ فَائْتٍ وَ خَلَفاً مِنْ كُلِّ هَالِكٍ فَإِلَى اللَّهِ فَأَنِيبُوا وَ إِلَيْهِ فَارْغَبُوا وَ نَظَرُهُ إِلَيْكُمْ فِي الْبَلَاءِ فَانْظُرُوا فَإِنَّ الْمُصَابَ مَنْ لَمْ يُجْبَرْ وَ انْصَرَفَ
He said, ‘With Allah-azwj there is consolation from every calamity, and a compensation from every loss, and a replacement from every thing perished, therefore be penitent to Allah-azwj and be desirous to Him-azwj, and His-azwj Consideration to you regarding the affliction. Look, for the afflicted is the one who is not compelled’. And he left.
فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ تَعْرِفُونَ الرَّجُلَ
They said to each other, ‘Do you recognise the man?’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع نَعَمْ هَذَا أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص الْخَضِرُ ع.
Ali-asws said: ‘Yes! This is Al-Khizr-as, brother-as of Rasool-Allah-saww!’’[201]
48- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، رُوِّينَا عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَتَاهُمْ آتٍ يَسْمَعُونَ صَوْتَهُ وَ لَا يَرَوْنَ شَخْصَهُ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ-
(The book) ‘Da’im Al Islam’ –
‘We are reporting from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws both having said: ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, a comer came to them-asws. They-asws heard his voice and did not see his person. He said, ‘The greetings be unto you-asws all, People-asws of the Household, and Mercy of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Blessings!
كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذائِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ وَ إِنَّما تُوَفَّوْنَ أُجُورَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ فَمَنْ زُحْزِحَ عَنِ النَّارِ وَ أُدْخِلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَدْ فازَ وَ مَا الْحَياةُ الدُّنْيا إِلَّا مَتاعُ الْغُرُورِ
Every self shall taste the death, and rather you will be paid fully your Recompense on the Day of Judgement; so the one who is removed far away from the Fire and enters the Paradise he indeed has succeeded; and what is the life of the world except for a deceptive pleasure? [3:185].
إِنَّ فِي اللَّهِ عَزَاءً مِنْ كُلِّ مُصِيبَةٍ وَ خَلَفاً مِنْ كُلِّ هَالِكٍ فَاللَّهَ فَارْجُوا وَ إِيَّاهُ فَاعْبُدُوا وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ الْمُصَابَ مَنْ حُرِمَ الثَّوَابَ وَ عَلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامُ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ
With Allah-azwj there is consolation from every calamity, and a replacement from every perishing (thing). Therefore, be hoping to Allah-azwj and worship Him-azwj. And know, that the afflicted is the one deprived the Rewards. And upon you-asws all be the greetings, and Mercy of Allah-azwj, and His-azwj Blessings!’
فَقِيلَ لِجَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع مَنْ كُنْتُمْ تَرَوْنَ الْمُتَكَلِّمَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
It was said to Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, ‘Whom are you-asws viewing the speaker to be, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww?’
فَقَالَ كُنَّا نَرَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع.
He-asws said: ‘We-asws are viewing him as being Jibraeel-as’’.[202]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا هَلَكَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ جَزِعَتْ عَلَيْهِ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ ص قُولِي يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ- اللَّهُمَّ أَعْظِمْ أَجْرِي فِي مُصِيبَتِي وَ عَوِّضْنِي خَيْراً مِنْهُ
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘When Abu Salama, Umm Salama-ra was alarmed upon him. The Prophet-saww said to her-ra: ‘Say, O Umm Salama-ra, ‘O Allah-azwj! Magnify my-ra Recompense regarding my-ra calamity (bereavement), and Compensate me-ra with better than him!’’
قَالَتْ وَ أَيْنَ لِي مِثْلُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
She-ra said, ‘And where is for me-ra like Abu Salama, O Rasool-Allah-saww?’
فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَتْ مِثْلَ قَوْلِهَا الْأَوَّلِ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَتْ فِي نَفْسِهَا أَرُدُّ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَقَالَتْهَا فَأَخْلَفَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا خَيْراً مِنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص.
He-saww repeated to her-ra. She-ra said the similar to her-ra words. He-saww repeated to her-ra. She-ra said within herself-ra, ‘Should I-ra rebut against Rasool-Allah-saww three times?’ So, she-ra said it (the words). Allah-azwj Replaced upon her-asws better than Abu Salama, Rasool-Allah‑saww’’.[203]
وَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ أُصِيبَ مِنْكُمْ بِمُصِيبَةٍ بَعْدِي فَلْيَذْكُرْ مُصَابَهُ بِي فَإِنَّ مُصَابَهُ بِي أَعْظَمُ مِنْ كُلِّ مُصَابٍ.
And from Rasool-Allah-saww having said: ‘One from you who is afflicted with a calamity after me-saww, let him remember his calamity with me-saww, for his calamity with (having lost me‑saww), is mightier than every calamity’’.[204]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: تَعْزِيَةُ الْمُسْلِمِ لِلْمُسْلِمِ الَّذِي يُعَزِّيهِ اسْتِرْجَاعٌ عِنْدَهُ وَ تَذْكِرَةٌ لِلْمَوْتِ وَ مَا بَعْدَهُ وَ نَحْوَ هَذَا مِنَ الْكَلَامِ
And from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Condolence of the Muslim to the Muslim, that which he condoles him is saying of, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj’, in his presence, and a reminder of the death and what is after it, and approximate of this from the speech’.
قَالَ وَ كَذَلِكَ الذِّمِّيُّ إِذَا كَانَ لَكَ جَاراً فَأُصِيبَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ تَقُولُ لَهُ أَيْضاً مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنْ عَزَّاكَ عَنْ مَيِّتٍ فَقُلْ هَدَاكَ اللَّهُ.
He-asws said: ‘And like that is the Zimmy if he were to be a neighbour of yours. If he is afflicted with a calamity (of bereavement), you should say to him as well similar to that, and in your condolence about a deceased, so say, ‘May Allah-azwj Guide you’’.[205]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: مَاتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَمَرَنِي فَغَسَّلْتُهُ وَ كَفَّنَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ حَنَّطَهُ وَ قَالَ لِي احْمِلْهُ يَا عَلِيُّ
And from Ali-asws having said: ‘Ibrahim-as, son-as of Rasool-Allah-saww passed away. He-saww instructed me-asws, so I-asws washed him-as and Rasool-Allah-saww enshrouded him-as and embalmed him-as, and he-saww said to me-asws: ‘Carry him-as, O Ali-asws!’
فَحَمَلْتُهُ حَتَّى جِئْتُ بِهِ إِلَى الْبَقِيعِ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَتَى الْقَبْرَ فَقَالَ لِي انْزِلْ يَا عَلِيُّ فَنَزَلْتُ وَ دَلَّاهُ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص
I-asws carried him-as until I-asws came with him-as to Al-Baqie (cemetery). He-saww prayed Salat upon him-as. Then he-saww came to the grave. He-saww said to me-asws: ‘Descend, O Ali-asws!’ I-asws descended and Rasool-Allah-saww directed upon me-asws’.
فَلَمَّا رَآهُ مُنْصَبّاً بَكَى ع فَبَكَى الْمُسْلِمُونَ لِبُكَائِهِ حَتَّى ارْتَفَعَتْ أَصْوَاتُ الرِّجَالِ عَلَى أَصْوَاتِ النِّسَاءِ فَنَهَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَشَدَّ النَّهْيِ وَ قَالَ تَدْمَعُ الْعَيْنُ وَ يَحْزَنُ الْقَلْبُ وَ لَا نَقُولُ مَا يُسْخِطُ الرَّبَّ وَ إِنَّا بِكَ لَمُصَابُونَ وَ إِنَّا عَلَيْكَ لَمَحْزُونُونَ
When they saw him-saww devoted, he-asws cried, so the Muslims cried at his-asws crying until voices of the men rosed above voices of the women. Rasool-Allah-saww forbade them with intense forbidding, and he-saww said: ‘The eyes shed tears, and the heart grieves, and we-saww do not say what Annoys the Lord-azwj, and I-saww am afflicted with you-as, and I-saww am grief-stricken upon you-as!’
ثُمَّ سَوَّى قَبْرَهُ وَ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَ غَمَزَهَا حَتَّى بَلَغَتِ الْكُوعَ وَ قَالَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ خَتَمْتُكَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ أَنْ يُدْخِلَكَ الْحَدِيثَ.
Then he-saww evened his-as grave and placed his-saww hand by his-as head and pressed it until it reached the wrist, and he-saww said: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj! I-saww have sealed you-as from the Satan-la entering to you-as’ – the Hadeeth’’.[206]
وَ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: بَكَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عِنْدَ مَوْتِ بَعْضِ وُلْدِهِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَبْكِي وَ أَنْتَ تَنْهَانَا عَنِ الْبُكَاءِ
And from him-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww cried at the death of one of his-saww sons-as. It was said to him-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! You-saww are crying and you-saww have forbidden us from the crying!’
فَقَالَ لَمْ أَنْهَكُمْ عَنِ الْبُكَاءِ وَ إِنَّمَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنِ النَّوْحِ وَ الْعَوِيلِ وَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ رِقَّةٌ وَ رَحْمَةٌ يَجْعَلُهَا اللَّهُ فِي قَلْبِ مَنْ شَاءَ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ وَ يَرْحَمُ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَ إِنَّمَا يَرْحَمُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الرُّحَمَاءَ.
He-saww said: ‘I-saww did not forbid you from the crying, but rather I-saww had forbidden you from the lamenting and the wailing, and rather it (crying) is a kindness and mercy Allah-azwj has Made it in the heart of one He-azwj so Desires from His-azwj creatures, and Allah-azwj Mercies the one He-azwj so Desires, and rather He-azwj Mercies the merciful ones from His-azwj servants’’.[207]
وَ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: رَخَّصَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْبُكَاءِ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ وَ قَالَ النَّفْسُ مُصَابَةٌ وَ الْعَيْنُ دَامِعَةٌ وَ الْعَهْدُ قَرِيبٌ فَقُولُوا مَا أَرْضَى اللَّهَ وَ لَا تَقُولُوا الْهُجْرَ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww allowed regarding the crying during the calamity, and he-saww said: ‘The soul is afflicted, and the eye is tearful, and the pact (death) is near, therefore be saying what Pleases Allah-azwj and do not be saying the obscene’’.[208]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ أَوْصَى عِنْدَ مَا احْتُضِرَ فَقَالَ لَا يُلْطَمَنَّ عَلَى خَدٍّ وَ لَا يُشَقَّنَّ عَلَى جَيْبٍ فَمَا مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ تَشُقُّ جَيْبَهَا إِلَّا صُدِعَ لَهَا فِي جَهَنَّمَ صَدْعٌ كُلَّمَا زَادَتْ زِيدَتْ.
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having bequeathed when death presented. He-asws said: ‘Neither slap upon a cheek, nor tear upon a pocket (shir). No woman will tear her pocket except there will be a crack opening for her in Hell. Every time she increases, it will increase’’.[209]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْبَيْعَةَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ أَنْ لَا يَنُحْنَ وَ لَا يَخْمِشْنَ وَ لَا يَقْعُدْنَ مَعَ الرِّجَالِ فِي الْخَلَاءِ.
And from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww took the allegiance upon the women that they will neither lament, nor scratch, nor be sitting with the men in private’’.[210]
وَ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: ثَلَاثٌ مِنْ أَعْمَالِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ- لَا يَزَالُ فِيهَا النَّاسُ حَتَّى تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ الِاسْتِسْقَاءُ بِالنُّجُومِ وَ الطَّعْنُ فِي الْأَنْسَابِ وَ النِّيَاحَةُ عَلَى الْمَوْتَى.
And from him-asws having said: ‘Three are from the deeds of the pre-Islamic period. The people will not be case to be in these until establishment of the Hour – seeking (praying) for the rain through the stars (astrology), and the taunting regarding the lineages, and the female wailers upon the dead’’.[211]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ إِلَى رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ شَدَّادٍ قَاضِيهِ عَلَى الْأَهْوَازِ وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ النَّوْحَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ بِبَلَدٍ يَكُونُ لَكَ بِهِ سُلْطَانٌ.
And from Ali-asws having written to Rifa’at Bin Shaddad, his-asws judge (appointed) upon Al-Ahwaz: ‘And beware of the lamenting upon the deceased in a city the authority happens to be for you’’.[212]
وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: صَوْتَانِ مَلْعُونَانِ يُبْغِضُهُمَا اللَّهُ إِعْوَالٌ عِنْدَ مُصِيبَةٍ وَ صَوْتٌ عِنْدَ نِعْمَةٍ يَعْنِي النَّوْحَ وَ الْغِنَاءَ.
And from him-asws, from Rasool-Allah-saww having said: ‘Two voices are accursed. Allah-azwj Hates them both – wailing at the calamity, and voices during bounties – meaning the lamentation and the singing’’.[213]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: نِيحَ عَلَى الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ سَنَةً فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ لَيْلَةٍ وَ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ مِنَ الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي أُصِيبَ فِيهِ وَ كَانَ الْمِسْوَرُ بْنُ مَخْرَمَةَ وَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَأْتُونَ مُسْتَتِرِينَ مُتَقَنِّعِينَ فَيَسْتَمِعُونَ وَ يَبْكُونَ.
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘There was lamentation upon Al-Husayn‑asws Bin Ali-asws for a year, during every day and night, and three years from the day which he-asws was killed in, and Al-Miswar Bin Mukharma and a group of companions of Rasool-Allah-saww were coming veil, in disguise. They would listen and cry’’.[214]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا جَاءَ نَعْيُ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِأَهْلِهِ اصْنَعُوا طَعَاماً وَ احْمِلُوهُ إِلَى أَهْلِ جَعْفَرٍ مَا كَانُوا فِي شُغُلِهِمْ ذَلِكَ وَ كُلُوا مَعَهُمْ فَقَدْ أَتَاهُمْ مَا يَشْغَلُهُمْ عَنْ أَنْ يَصْنَعُوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ.
And from Ali-asws having said: ‘When obituary of Ja’far-as came, Rasool-Allah-saww said to his‑saww family: ‘Make food and carry it to the family of Ja’far-as for as long as they are in that pre-occupation of theirs, and eat with them, for there has come to them what they will be pre-occupied from making for themselves’’.[215]
49- مِشْكَاةُ الْأَنْوَارِ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ الْمَحَاسِنِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لا يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ قَالَ الْمَعْرُوفُ أَنْ لَا يَشْقُقْنَ جَيْباً وَ لَا يَلْطِمْنَ وَجْهاً وَ لَا يَدْعُونَ وَيْلًا وَ لَا يُقِمْنَ عِنْدَ قَبْرٍ وَ لَا يُسَوِّدْنَ ثَوْباً وَ لَا يَنْشُرْنَ شَعْراً.
(The book) ‘Mishkat Al Anwaar’ – copying from the book ‘Al Mahasin’,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: nor disobey you in act of kindness [60:12], he-asws said: ‘The ‘act of kindness’ is that they will neither tear a pocket (shirt), nor slap a face, nor call for woe, nor stand by a grave, nor blacken the clothes, nor pluck hair’’.[216]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِنِعْمَةٍ فَجَاءَ عِنْدَ تِلْكَ النِّعْمَةِ بِمِزْمَارٍ فَقَدْ كَفَرَهَا وَ مَنْ أُصِيبَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَجَاءَ عِنْدَ تِلْكَ الْمُصِيبَةِ بِنَائِحَةٍ فَقَدْ أَحْبَطَهَا.
And from him,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One whom Allah-azwj Favours a bounty upon him, so during that bounty he comes with a flute, so he has denied it, and the one who is afflicted with a calamity (bereavement), so during that calamity he comes with lamenting women, so he has nullified it (Recompense)’’.[217]
50- شِهَابُ الْأَخْبَارِ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص النِّيَاحَةُ عَمَلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ.
(The book) ‘Shihab Al Akhbaar’ –
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The wailing women is a deed of the pre-Islamic period’’.[218]
وَ قَالَ ص الصَّبْرُ عِنْدَ الصَّدْمَةِ الْأُولَى.
And he-saww said: ‘The patience is foremost at the shock’’.[219]
وَ قَالَ ص مِنْ كُنُوزِ الْبِرِّ كِتْمَانُ الْمَصَائِبِ وَ الْأَمْرَاضِ وَ الصَّدَقَةِ.
And he-saww said: ‘From the treasures of righteousness is concealment of the calamities, and the sicknesses, and the charity’’.[220]
(The book) ‘Mishkat Al Anwaar’ –
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws, meaning Abu Abdullah-asws, instructed me-asws to go to Al-Mufazzal Bin Umar and condole him with Ismail, and he-asws said: ‘Convey the greetings to Al-Mufazzal and said to him, we-asws are afflicted with Ismail, and we-asws are patient. Therefore, be patient just as we-asws are patient. We want a matter, and Allah-azwj Wants a matter. We-asws submit to the Command of Allah-azwj!’’[221]
51 مِشْكَاةُ الْأَنْوَارِ، عَنِ الرِّضَا ع عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: أَمَرَنِي أَبِي يَعْنِي أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنْ آتِيَ الْمُفَضَّلَ بْنَ عُمَرَ فَأُعَزِّيَهُ بِإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ قَالَ أَقْرِئِ الْمُفَضَّلَ السَّلَامَ وَ قُلْ لَهُ أُصِبْنَا بِإِسْمَاعِيلَ فَصَبَرْنَا فَاصْبِرْ كَمَا صَبَرْنَا إِذَا أَرَدْنَا أَمْراً وَ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَمْراً سَلَّمْنَا لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ.
(The book) ‘Mishkat Al Anwaar’ –
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘My-asws father-asws (meaning Abu Abdullah-asws), instructed me-asws to go to Al-Mufazzal Bin Umar and condole him for Ismail, and he-asws said: ‘Convey the greetings to Al-Mufazzal and say to him, ‘We-asws are afflicted by Ismail and we-asws were patient, therefor be patient just as we-asws are being patient. When we-asws want a matter, and Allah-azwj Wants a matter, we-asws submit to the Command of Allah‑azwj’’.[222]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ الطَّاهِرُ بْنُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَبَكَتْ خَدِيجَةُ فَقَالَ ص أَ مَا تَرْضَيْنَ أَنْ تَجِدِيهِ قَائِماً لَكِ عَلَى بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ فَإِذَا رَآكِ أَخَذَ بِيَدِكِ فَأَدْخَلَكِ أَطْهَرَهَا مَكَاناً وَ أَطْيَبَهَا
And from him,
‘From Jabir-ra, from Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘When Tahir-as son-as of Rasool-Allah-saww passed away, (Syeda) Khadeeja-as cried. He-saww said: ‘Are you-as not satisfied if you-as were to find him‑as standing at the door of Paradise? When he-as sees you-as, he-as will hold your-as hand and admit you it is purest place and its best?’
قَالَتْ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ كَذَلِكَ
She-as said: ‘If that is to be like that’.
قَالَ ص اللَّهُ أَعَزُّ وَ أَكْرَمُ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْلُبَ عَبْداً ثَمَرَةَ فُؤَادِهِ فَيَصْبِرُ وَ يَتَحَسَّرُ وَ يَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ ثُمَّ يُعَذِّبَهُ.
He-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj is more Honourable and more Benevolent than to Strip a servant the delight of his heart, so he is patient, and is distressed, and he praised Allah-azwj, then He-azwj Punishes him’’.[223]
52 قُرْبُ الْإِسْنَادِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ النَّوْحِ فَكَرِهَهُ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – by his chain,
‘From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother-asws Musa-asws, he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the lamenting. He-asws disliked it’’.[224]
53 مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ يَعْرِفِ الْبَلَاءَ يَصْبِرْ عَلَيْهِ وَ مَنْ لَا يَعْرِفْهُ يُنْكِرْهُ.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – by his chain,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who recognises the afflictions will be patient upon it, and one who does not recognise it, will deny it’’.[225]
وَ قَالَ ص مَنْ يَصْبِرْ عَلَى الرَّزِيَّةِ يُغِثْهُ اللَّهُ.
And he-saww said: ‘One who is patient upon the disaster, Allah-azwj will Help him’’.[226]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَبْهَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنْ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنِ الرَّنَّةِ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ وَ نَهَى عَنِ النِّيَاحَةِ وَ الِاسْتِمَاعِ إِلَيْهَا وَ نَهَى عَنْ تَصْفِيقِ الْوَجْهِ.
And from him, from Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy, from Abdul Aziz Bin Muhammad Al Ab’hary, from Muhammad Bin Zakariya Al Jowhary, from Shueyb Bin Waqid, from Al-Husayn Bin Zayd,
‘From his forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww prohibited from the clamour during the calamity, and prohibited from the wailing woman and listening to her, and prohibited from slapping the face’’.[227]
وَ رَوَى ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص لَمَّا جَاءَتْهُ وَفَاةُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ كَانَ إِذَا دَخَلَ بَيْتَهُ كَثُرَ بُكَاؤُهُ عَلَيْهِمَا جِدّاً وَ يَقُولُ كَانَا يُحَدِّثَانِّي وَ يُؤْنِسَانِّي فَذَهَبَا جَمِيعاً
And it is reported by Ibn Babuwayh,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww, when the (news of) death of Ja’far-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and Zayd Bin Harisa came to him-saww, when he-saww entered his-saww house there was a lot of crying upon them, and he-saww said: ‘They both used to discuss with me-saww and comfort me-saww, and they are both gone!’
وَ لَمَّا انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مِنْ وَقْعَةِ أُحُدٍ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ سَمِعَ مِنْ كُلِّ دَارٍ قُتِلَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا قَتِيلٌ نَوْحاً وَ بُكَاءً وَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ دَارِ حَمْزَةَ عَمِّهِ فَقَالَ ص لَكِنَّ حَمْزَةَ لَا بَوَاكِيَ لَهُ
And when Rasool-Allah-saww left from the event of (battle of) Ohad to Al-Medina, he-saww heard from every house of the slain, from its people, lamentation and crying, and he-saww did not hear from the house of his-saww uncle-as Hamza-as. He-saww said: ‘But Hamza-as, there are not criers for him’.
فَآلَى أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ أَنْ لَا يَنُوحُوا عَلَى مَيِّتٍ وَ لَا يَبْكُوهُ حَتَّى يَبْدَءُوا بِحَمْزَةَ فَيَنُوحُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ يَبْكُوهُ فَهُمْ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ.
He-saww vowed the people of Al-Medina that they should not lament upon any deceased nor cry upon him until they begin with Hamza-as. So, they lamented upon him-as and cried upon him-as. They are upon that up to today’’.[228]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع مَنْ خَافَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ مِنْ وَجْدٍ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَلْيُفِضْ مِنْ دُمُوعِهِ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْكُنُ عَنْهُ.
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘One who fears upon him from feeling a calamity, let him pour out from his tears, for he will be calmed from it’’.[229]
وَ رَوَى ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِفَاطِمَةَ حِينَ قُتِلَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع- لَا تَدْعِينَ بِذُلٍّ وَ لَا بِثَكَلٍ وَ لَا حَرَبٍ وَ مَا قُلْتِ فِيهِ فَقَدْ صَدَقْتِ.
And it is reported by Ibn Babuwayh,
‘From Rasool-Allah-saww having said to (Syeda) Fatima-asws when Ja’far-asws Bin Abu Talib-as had been killed: ‘Neither supplicate to disgrace, nor with bereavement, nor war, and whatever you say during it, it would be ratified’’.[230]
وَ رَوَى قَالَ: لَمَّا قُبِضَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ ع رُئِيَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ قَدْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الدَّارِ وَ قَدْ شُقَّ قَمِيصُهُ مِنْ خَلْفٍ وَ قُدَّامٍ.
And it is reported (in Al Faqeeh),
‘He said: ‘When Ali-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Askari-asws passed away, Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws was seen and he-asws had come out from the house, and he-asws had torn his-asws shirt from the back and the front’’.[231]
خَالِدُ بْنُ سَدِيرٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع لَا شَيْءَ فِي لَطْمِ الْخُدُودِ سِوَى الِاسْتِغْفَارِ وَ التَّوْبَةِ.
Khalid Bin Sadeyr,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘There is nothing (legal penalties) in slapping the cheeks besides seeking the Forgiveness and the repentance’’.[232]
فِي صِحَاحِ الْعَامَّةِ أَنَا بَرِيءٌ مِمَّنْ حَلَقَ وَ صَلَقَ.
In ‘Saheeh’ of the general Muslims: ‘I-saww am disavowed from the ones who shave (head) and raises his voice (at the bereavement)’’.[233] (Non Shia source)
وَ رَوَى فِعْلَ الْفَاطِمِيَّاتِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع وَ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ شَقِّ الرَّجُلِ ثَوْبَهُ عَلَى أَبِيهِ وَ أُمِّهِ وَ أَخِيهِ أَوْ عَلَى قَرِيبٍ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِشَقِّ الْجُيُوبِ قَدْ شَقَّ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ عَلَى أَخِيهِ هَارُونَ.
And it is reported in ‘Fe’l Al Fatimiyaat’ – Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Dawood, from Khalid Bin Sadeyr,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, and he-asws had been asked about the man tearing his clothes upon his father, and his mother, and his brother, or upon a relative of his. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem with tearing the pocket. Musa-as Bin Imran-as had torn upon his-as brother-as Haroun‑as’’.[234]
وَ رَوَى الْحَسَنُ الصَّفَّارُ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع لَا يَنْبَغِي الصِّيَاحُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ وَ لَا شَقُّ الثِّيَابِ وَ ظَاهِرُهُ الْكَرَاهَةُ.
And it is reported by Al-Hassan Al Saffar,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘It is not befitting, the shouting upon the deceased, nor tearing the clothes’ – and its apparent is the dislike’’.[235]
وَ فِي الْمَبْسُوطِ رُوِيَ جَوَازُ تَخْرِيقِ الثَّوْبِ عَلَى الْأَبِ وَ الْأَخِ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِمَا وَ يَجُوزُ النَّوْحُ بِالْكَلَامِ الْحَسَنِ وَ تَعْدَادُ فَضَائِلِهِ بِاعْتِمَادِ الصِّدْقِ فَإِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ع فَعَلَتْهُ فِي قَوْلِهَا-
| يَا أَبَتَاهْ مِن رَبِّهِ مَا أَدْنَاهُ- | يَا أَبَتَاهْ إِلَى جَبْرَئِيلَ أَنْعَاهُ | |
| يَا أَبَتَاهْ أَجَابَ رَبّاً دَعَاهُ |
And in ‘Al-Mabsout’ –
‘It is reported in permission of tearing the clothes upon the father, and the brother, and is not allowed others, and permission of the lamenting with the good speech, and exceeding in his merits by reliance upon the truthfulness, for (Syeda) Fatima-asws had done it in her-asws words (in a poem): ‘O father-saww! How near he-saww is from his-saww Lord-azwj! O father-saww! To Jibraeel‑as is his-saww habitation. O father-saww! He-saww answered to Lord-azwj, His-azwj Call’’.
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهَا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا أَخَذَتْ قَبْضَةً مِنْ تُرَابِ قَبْرِهِ ص فَوَضَعَتْهَا عَلَى عَيْنَيْهَا وَ أَنْشَدَتْ
| مَا ذَا عَلَى الْمُشْتَمِّ تُرْبَةَ أَحْمَدَ- | أَنْ لَا يَشَمَّ مَدَى الزَّمَانِ غَوَالِيَا- | |
| صُبَّتْ عَلَيَّ مَصَائِبُ لَوْ أَنَّهَا | صُبَّتْ عَلَى الْأَيَّامِ صِرْنَ لَيَالِيَا |
And it is reported, he-asws, may Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon her-asws took a handful of soil from his-saww grave and placed it upon her-asws eyes and she-asws recited a poem: ‘One who is upon the aroma of the soil of Ahmad-saww has not smelt any expensive perfume for a long time. Such calamities have befallen upon me-asws, had they poured upon the days, they would have become nights’’.[236]
وَ رَوَى ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ أَنَّ الْبَاقِرَ ع أَوْصَى أَنْ يُنْدَبَ لَهُ فِي الْمَوَاسِمِ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ-.
And in a report of Ibn Babuwayh – ‘Al-Baqir-asws bequeathed that there should be mourning for him-asws during the season (of Hajj) for ten years’’.[237]
وَ سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع عَنْ أَجْرِ النَّائِحَةِ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ قَدْ نِيحَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص.
And Al-Sadiq-asws was asked about a Recompense of the mourning women. He-asws said: ‘There is no problem! They had lamented upon Rasool-Allah-saww’’.[238]
وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ عَنْهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِكَسْبِ النَّائِحَةِ إِذَا قَالَتْ صِدْقاً.
And in another Hadeeth from him-asws: ‘There is no problem with earnings of the mourning women when she speaks truth’’.[239]
وَ فِي خَبَرِ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْهُ ع لَا بَأْسَ بِأَجْرِ النَّائِحَةِ.
And in another Hadeeth by Abu Baseer, from him-asws: ‘There is no problem with wages of the mourning woman’’.[240]
وَ رَوَى حَنَانٌ عَنْهُ ع لَا تُشَارِطُ وَ تَقْبَلُ مَا أُعْطِيَتْ.
And it is reported by Hanan, from him-asws: ‘Do not stipulate conditions, and accept whatever is given’’.[241]
وَ رَوَى أَبُو حَمْزَةَ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع مَاتَ ابْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَسَأَلَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ النَّبِيَّ ص أَنْ يَأْذَنَ لَهَا فِي الْمُضِيِّ إِلَى مَنَاحَتِهِ فَأَذِنَ لَهَا وَ كَانَ ابْنَ عَمِّهَا
And it is reported by Abu Hamza, from Al-Baqir-asws: ‘Ibn Al-Mugheira dies, so Umm Salama-ra asked the Prophet-saww to permit for her-ra to go to his mourning. He-saww permitted for her-ra, and he was the son of her-ra uncle.
فَقَالَتْ
| أَنْعَى الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ | أَبَا الْوَلِيدِ فَتَى الْعَشِيرَةِ | |
| حَامِي الْحَقِيقَةِ مَاجِداً | يَسْمُو إِلَى طَلَبِ الْوَتِيرَةِ | |
| قَدْ كَانَ غَيْثاً لِلسِّنِينَ | وَ جَعْفَراً غَدَقاً وَ مِيرَةً. |
She-ra said (a poem): ‘Al-Waleed Bin Al-Waleed obituarised Abu Al-Waleed, youth of the clan, protector of the reality of glory, transcending to seek being alone, and he had been rain for years, and Ja’far-as an abundance supply’’.
وَ فِي تَمَامِ الْحَدِيثِ فَمَا عَابَ عَلَيْهَا النَّبِيُّ ص ذَلِكَ وَ لَا قَالَ شَيْئاً.
And in the complete Hadeeth, ‘The Prophet-saww did not fault that upon her-ra nor said anything’’. [242]
يُونُسُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ لِي أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع قِفْ مِنْ مَالِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا لِنَوَادِبَ تَنْدُبُنِي عَشْرَ سِنِينَ بِمِنًى أَيَّامَ مِنًى.
Yunus Bin Yaqoub – from Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Abu Ja’far-asws said to me-asws: ‘Withhold such and such from my-asws wealth for mourning. Have mourning sessions for me-asws for ten years at Mina, in the days of Mina (Hajj)’’.[243]
وَ مَا فِي الْبُخَارِيِّ وَ مُسْلِمٍ فِي خَبَرِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ لَيُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ.
And what is in ‘Al-Bukhari’, and ‘Muslim’, in a Hadeeth by Abdullah Bin Umar, ‘The Prophet‑saww said: ‘The deceased is tormented by the crying of his family’’.[244] (from a non-Shia source)
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَزِيدُ الْكَافِرَ عَذَاباً بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ.
And in another report: ‘Allah-azwj Increases the Kafir in Punishment at the crying of his family’’.[245] (from a non-Shia source)
يُرْوَى أَنَّ حَفْصَةَ بَكَتْ عَلَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَ مَهْلًا يَا بُنَيَّةِ أَ لَمْ تَعْلَمِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ يُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ.
It is reported that Hafsa cried upon Umar. He said, ‘Shh, no, O daughter! Don’t you know that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The deceased is punished at the crying of his family upon him?’’[246] (from a non-Shia source)
و قيل إنما مر رسول الله ص بقبر يهودية و هم يبكون عليها فقال إنهم يبكون و إنها لتعذب بجرمه.
And it is said, ‘But rather, Rasool-Allah-saww had passed by a grave of a Jewess and they were crying upon her. He-saww said: ‘They are crying, and she is being Punished due to its crime’’.[247] (from a non-Shia source)
54 مَجَالِسُ ابْنِ الشَّيْخِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْمُفِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ طَاهِرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ الْحَافِظِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ كَتَبَ إِلَى الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ يُعَزُّونَهُ عَنِ ابْنَةٍ لَهُ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَقَدْ بَلَغَنِي كِتَابُكُمْ تُعَزُّونِّي بِفُلَانَةَ فَعِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَحْتَسِبُهَا تَسْلِيماً لِقَضَائِهِ وَ صَبْراً عَلَى بَلَائِهِ
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ – of Ibn Al Sheykh, from his father, from Al Mufeed, from Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Tahir, from Ibn Uqdah Al Hafiz, from Ahmad Bin Yausuf, from Al-Husayn Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Aasim Bin Umar, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘A group of his-asws companions wrote to Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws consoling him-asws about a daughter of his-asws. He-asws wrote to them: ‘As for after, your letter has reached me-asws consoling me-asws of so and so girl. Her Recompense is with Allah‑azwj, submitting to His-azwj Decree and being patient upon His-azwj afflictions.
أَوْجَعَتْنَا الْمَصَائِبُ وَ فَجَعَتْنَا النَّوَائِبُ بِالْأَحِبَّةِ الْمَأْلُوفَةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بِنَا حَفِيَّةً وَ الْإِخْوَانِ الْمُحِبِّينَ الَّذِينَ كَانَ يُسَرُّ بِهِمُ النَّاظِرُونَ وَ تَقَرُّ بِهِمُ الْعُيُونُ
The calamities have pained us-asws and the disasters have befallen us-asws with the loved ones, the affectionate ones who were with us-asws, and the beloved brothers, those whom the beholders were cheered by them, and the eyes were delighted by them.
أَضْحَوْا قَدِ اخْتَرَمَتْهُمُ الْأَيَّامُ وَ نَزَلَ بِهِمُ الْحِمَامُ فَخَلَّفُوا الْخُلُوفَ وَ أَوْدَتْ بِهِمُ الْحُتُوفُ فَهُمْ صَرْعَى فِي عَسَاكِرِ الْمَوْتَى مُتَجَاوِرُونَ فِي غَيْرِ مَحَلَّةِ التَّجَاوُرِ وَ لَا صِلَاتٌ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ لَا تَزَاوُرٌ-
They became such, the days have passed by them, and the death have befallen with them. They left behind the legacies. They are lying down among the soldiers of death, in the neighbourhood in other than a place of neighbours, and there is neither any connection between them nor any mutual visitations.
لَا يَتَلَاقَوْنَ عَنْ قُرْبِ جِوَارِهِمْ أَجْسَامُهُمْ نَائِيَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا خَالِيَةٌ مِنْ أَرْبَابِهَا قَدْ أَخْشَعَهَا إِخْوَانُهَا فَلَمْ أَرَ مِثْلَ دَارِهَا دَاراً وَ لَا مِثْلَ قَرَارِهَا قَرَاراً فِي بُيُوتٍ مُوحِشَةٍ وَ حُلُولٍ مُضْجِعَةٍ
Their bodies are not meeting each other despite closeness of their vicinity. Their inhabitants are remote, vacant from their owner, their brethren have been humble. I-asws have not seen any house like their houses, nor any settlement like their settlement in the houses of loneliness and occurrences of lying down.
قَدْ صَارَتْ فِي تِلْكَ الدِّيَارِ الْمُوحِشَةِ وَ خَرَجَتْ مِنَ الدِّيَارِ الْمُونِسَةِ فَفَارَقْتُهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ قِلًى فَاسْتَوْدَعْتُهَا لِلْبِلَى وَ كَانَتْ أَمَةً مَمْلُوكَةً سَلَكَتْ سَبِيلًا مَسْلُوكَةً صَارَ إِلَيْهَا الْأَوَّلُونَ وَ سَيَصِيرُ إِلَيْهَا الْآخِرُونَ وَ السَّلَامُ.
The loneliness has come to be in those houses, and they have come out from the comfortable houses. They separated from these from without being uprooted and deposited for the decay, and the community of slave have travelled the well-travelled way. The former ones have come to it and soon the latter ones will be coming to it. And the greetings’’.[248]
55 ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص التَّعْزِيَةُ تُورِثُ الْجَنَّةَ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The condoling inherits the Paradise’’.[249]
وَ عَنْهُ ص قَالَ: مَنْ عَزَّى حَزِيناً كُسِيَ فِي الْمَوْقِفِ حُلَّةً يُحَبَّرُ بِهَا.
And him-saww having said: ‘One who consoles a grief-stricken will be clothed a garment in the pausing (Qiyamah) he will be priding with’’.[250]
الْمُقْنِعُ، مُرْسَلًا مِثْلَهُ وَ فِيهِ مَنْ عَزَّى مُؤْمِناً.
(The book) ‘Al-Muqnie’, with an unbroken chain – similar to it, and in it: ‘Consoles a Momin’’.[251]
و أقول رِوَايَةُ إِسْحَاقَ هِيَ مَا رَوَاهُ الْكُلَيْنِيُّ وَ غَيْرُهُ بِسَنَدٍ مُوَثَّقٍ وَ بِسَنَدٍ آخَرَ فِيهِ ضَعْفٌ عَلَى الْمَشْهُورِ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: لَيْسَ التَّعْزِيَةُ إِلَّا عِنْدَ الْقَبْرِ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُونَ لَا يَحْدُثُ فِي الْمَيِّتِ حَدَثٌ فَيَسْمَعُونَ الصَّوْتَ.
And I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘There is a report by Is’haq, it is what is reported by Al Kulayni and others, by a trusted chain, and by another chain having weakness in it, upon the well-known, from him,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The condoling isn’t except by the grave, then they should be leaving, not discussing any discussion regarding the deceased, for they can hear the voice’’.[252]
وَ رُوِيَ بِسَنَدٍ حَسَنٍ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: التَّعْزِيَةُ لِأَهْلِ الْمُصِيبَةِ بَعْدَ مَا يُدْفَنُ.
And it is reported by a good chain, from him-asws having said: ‘The condoling to the people of calamity (bereavement) is after he has been buried’’.[253]
وَ بِسَنَدٍ مُرْسَلٍ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: التَّعْزِيَةُ الْوَاجِبَةُ بَعْدَ الدَّفْنِ.
And by an unbroken chain, from him-asws having said: ‘The condolence is obligatory after the burial’’.[254]
وَ بِسَنَدٍ حَسَنٍ لَا يَقْصُرُ عَنِ الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ مُوسَى ع يُعَزِّي قَبْلَ الدَّفْنِ وَ بَعْدَهُ.
And by a good chain, not deficient from the ‘Saheeh’, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam who said,
‘I saw Musa-asws condoling before the burial and after it’’.[255]
56 ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: كَانَ فِيمَا نَاجَى بِهِ مُوسَى ع رَبَّهُ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ مَا لِمَنْ عَزَّى الثَّكْلَى قَالَ أُظِلُّهُ فِي ظِلِّي يَوْمَ لَا ظِلَّ إِلَّا ظِلِّي.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Al Waleed, from Muhammad bin Al-Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Abu Al Jaroud,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘It was among what Musa-as had whispered with to his-as Lord-azwj, he-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! What is for one who condoles the bereaved?’ He-azwj Said: ‘I‑azwj shall Shade him in a shed on a Day there will be no shade except My-azwj Shade!”’[256]
أقول و يؤيد أن المراد به ظل العرش ما رواه فِي الْكَافِي عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: مَنْ عَزَّى الثَّكْلَى أَظَلَّهُ اللَّهُ فِي ظِلِّ عَرْشِهِ يَوْمَ لَا ظِلَّ إِلَّا ظِلُّهُ.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘And it is supported that the intent with it is Shade of the Throne, by what is reported in Al-Kafi, from Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘One who condoles the bereaved, Allah-azwj would Shade him in the Shade of His-azwj Throne on a Day there will be no shade except His-azwj Shade’’.[257]
باب 17 أجر المصائب
CHAPTER 17 – RECOMPENSE OF THE CALAMITIES
1- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ الْمِصْرِيِّ عَنْ ثُؤَابَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: تُوُفِّيَ ابْنٌ لِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَاشْتَدَّ حُزْنُهُ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى اتَّخَذَ مِنْ دَارِهِ مَسْجِداً يَتَعَبَّدُ فِيهِ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq – from Muhammad Bin Musa, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufi, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Abdullah Bin Wahab Al Misry, from Sawabat Bin Masoud, from Anas Bin Malik (well known fabricator) who said,
‘A son of Usman Bin Mazoun, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with him, died, and his grief upon him intensified to the extent that he took a Masjid from his house to be worshipping in it. That reached Rasool-Allah-saww.
فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا عُثْمَانُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَكْتُبْ عَلَيْنَا الرَّهْبَانِيَّةَ إِنَّمَا رَهْبَانِيَّةُ أُمَّتِي الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
He-saww said to him: ‘O Usman! Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted has not Prescribed the monasticism upon us. But rather, the monasticism of my-saww community is the Jihad in the Way of Allah-saww.
يَا عُثْمَانَ بْنَ مَظْعُونٍ- لِلْجَنَّةِ ثَمَانِيَةُ أَبْوَابٍ وَ لِلنَّارِ سَبْعَةُ أَبْوَابٍ أَ فَمَا يَسُرُّكَ أَنْ لَا تَأْتِيَ بَاباً مِنْهَا إِلَّا وَجَدْتَ ابْنَكَ إِلَى جَنْبِكَ آخِذاً بِحُجْزَتِكَ يَشْفَعُ لَكَ إِلَى رَبِّكَ
O Usman Bin Mazoun! There are eight doors for the Paradise and there are seven doors for the Fire. Would it not cheer you if you do not come to any door from it (Paradise) except you will find your son to its side, holding on to your side, interceding for you to your Lord-azwj?’
قَالَ بَلَى
He said, ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَ لَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فِي فَرَطِنَا مَا لِعُثْمَانَ
The Muslims said, ‘And for us, O Rasool-Allah-saww, regarding our dead children, would be what is for Usman?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ لِمَنْ صَبَرَ مِنْكُمْ وَ احْتَسَبَ تَمَامَ الْخَبَرِ.
He-saww said: ‘Yes, for the one from you who is patient and anticipates’ – the complete Hadeeth’’.[258]
2- وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَيْفٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: مَنْ قَدَّمَ أَوْلَاداً يَحْتَسِبُهُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ حَجَبُوهُ مِنَ النَّارِ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ.
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Musa, from Abdullah Al Himeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Sayf, from his brother Al Husayn, from his father Sayf Bin Ameyra, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir Al Jufy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘One whose children precede (in death), they can anticipate, in the Presence of Allah-azwj will be veiling him from the Fire by the Permission of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[259]
3- الْخِصَالُ، عَنِ الْخَلِيلِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْمَخْلَدِيِّ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ أَبِي غُسَانَةَ الْمَعَافِرِيِّ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أَثْكَلَ ثَلَاثَةً مِنْ صُلْبِهِ فَاحْتَسَبَهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Al Khaleel Bin Ahmad, from Al Makhlady, from Yunus Bin Abdul A’ala, from Abdullah Bin Wahab, from Umar Bin Al Haris, from Abu Gusana Al Ma’arify, from Uqba Bin Aamir who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who is bereaved by three from his lineage, he can anticipate them upon Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, the Paradise will be obligated for him’’.[260]
4- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْبُنْدَارِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ الْحَمَّادِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الصَّائِغِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ سَهْلٍ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَّامٍ الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ أَبِي سَالِمٍ رَاعِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ خَمْسٌ مَا أَثْقَلَهُنَّ فِي الْمِيزَانِ- سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَ الْوَلَدُ الصَّالِحُ يُتَوَفَّى لِمُسْلِمٍ فَيَصْبِرُ وَ يَحْتَسِبُ.
And from him, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Bundar, from Abu Al Abbas Al Hammady, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Sa’ig, from Umar Bin Sahl, from Al Waleed Bin Muslim, from Al Awzary, from Abu Sallam Al Aswad,
‘From Abu Salim a shepherd of Rasool-Allah-saww, said, ‘I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Three, how heavy these will be in the scale (on the Day of Qiyamah)! – (The phrase) ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj, and there is no god except Allah-azwj, and Allah‑azwj is Greatest’, and the righteous son of a Muslim dying, so he is patient and anticipates’’.[261]
5- ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَيْفٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ بَهْرَامَ عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَنْبَسَةَ السُّلَمِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ قَدَّمَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَوْلَادٍ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحِنْثَ أَوِ امْرَأَةٍ قَدَّمَتْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَوْلَادٍ فَهُمْ حُجَّابٌ يَسْتُرُونَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from his father, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Himeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Sayf, from his brother Al Husaym, from his father Sayf Bin Ameyra, from Abdul Hameed Bin Bahram, from Shahr Bin Hawshad, from Umar Bin Anbasa Al Sulamy who said,
‘I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Whichever man, three children not having reached puberty were to die before him, or a woman, three children die before she does, they would be veils veiling him from the Fire’’.[262]
6- و منه، بهذا الإسناد عن سيف بن عميرة عن أشعث بن سوار عن الأحنف بن قيس عن أبي ذر الغفاري رحمة الله عليه قال ما من مسلمين يقدمان عليهما ثلاثة أولاد لم يبلغوا الحنث إلا أدخلهم الله الجنة بفضل رحمته.
And from him, by this chain from Sayf Bin Ameyra, from Ash’as Bin Sawar, from Al Ahnaf Bin Qays,
‘From Abu Zarr Al-Ghifari-ra, may Allah-azwj have Mercy upon him-ra, said, ‘There is none from Muslim (parents), three children precede for them (in death), not having reached puberty, except Allah-azwj will Enter them into the Paradise by the Grace of His-azwj Mercy’’.[263]
7- ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُيَسِّرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: وَلَدٌ وَاحِدٌ يُقَدِّمُهُ الرَّجُلُ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ وَلَداً يَبْقَوْنَ بَعْدَهُ يُدْرِكُونَ الْقَائِمَ ع.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ali Bin Muyassir, from his father,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One child preceding the man (in death) is better than seventy children remaining after him coming across Al-Qaim-asws’’.[264]
8- مُسَكِّنُ الْفُؤَادِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: وَلَدٌ وَاحِدٌ يُقَدِّمُهُ الرَّجُلُ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ يَخْلُفُونَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ كُلُّهُمْ قَدْ رَكِبَ الْخَيْلَ وَ قَاتَلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ.
(The book) ‘Musakkin Al Fuwad’ – from Ali Bin Maysara,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One child preceding the man (in death) is better than seventy children succeeding him from after him, all of them riding the horses and fighting in the Way of Allah-azwj’’.[265]
وَ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: ثَوَابُ الْمُؤْمِنِ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ الْجَنَّةُ صَبَرَ أَوْ لَمْ يَصْبِرْ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘Reward of the Momin from his child (dying first) is the Paradise, whether he is patient or not patient’’.[266]
وَ عَنْهُ ع مَنْ أُصِيبَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ جَزِعَ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ لَمْ يَجْزَعْ صَبَرَ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ لَمْ يَصْبِرْ كَانَ ثَوَابُهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْجَنَّةَ.
And from him-asws: ‘One who is afflicted by a calamity (bereavement) he panics upon it or does not panic upon it, patient upon it or not patient upon it, his Reward from Allah-azwj is the Paradise’’.[267]
9- مُسَكِّنُ الْفُؤَادِ، عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ بَخْ بَخْ خَمْسٌ مَا أَثْقَلَهُنَّ فِي الْمِيزَانِ- لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَ الْوَلَدُ الصَّالِحُ يُتَوَفَّى لِلْمَرْءِ الْمُسْلِمِ فَيَحْتَسِبُهُ.
(The book) ‘Musakkin Al Fuwaad’ – from Sowban who said,
‘I heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Congratulations! Congratulations! Five, how heavy they would be in the scale (on the day of Qiyamah)! – (The phrase) ‘There is no god except Allah‑azwj, and Glory be to Allah-azwj, and Allah-azwj is the Greatest, and the praise is for Allah‑azwj, and the righteous child of the Muslim man dying, so he anticipates’’.[268]
وَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ الْبَارِحَةَ عَجَباً فَذَكَرَ حَدِيثاً طَوِيلًا وَ فِيهِ رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا مِنْ أُمَّتِي قَدْ خَفَّ مِيزَانُهُ فَجَاءَ أَفْرَاطُهُ فَثَقَّلُوا مِيزَانَهُ.
And from Abdul Rahman Bin Samurah,
‘From Rasool-Allah-saww having said: ‘Last night I-saww had a wonderful dream’ – he-saww mentioned a lengthy Hadeeth – ‘And in it I-saww saw a man from my-saww community whose scale was light, so his ‘Afraat’ (child having died before he did), and his scale was heavy’’.[269]
وَ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ حَنِيفٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص تَزَوَّجُوا فَإِنِّي مُكَاثِرٌ بِكُمُ الْأُمَمَ حَتَّى إِنَّ السِّقْطَ لَيَظَلُّ مُحْبَنْطِئاً عَلَى بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ يُقَالُ لَهُ ادْخُلْ يَقُولُ حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ أَبَوَايَ.
And from Sahl Bin Haneyf who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Get married, for I-saww shall pride with your large numbers with the (other) communities to the extent that the miscarried one will take shade at the door of Paradise. It will be said to him, ‘Enter!’ He will say, ‘Not until my parents enter!’’[270]
10- الْمُسَكِّنُ، عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: النُّفَسَاءُ يَجُرُّهَا وَلَدُهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِسَرَرِهِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ.
(The book) ‘Musakkin’ – from Ubadah Bin Al Samit,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The woman of post-childbirth bleeding, on the Day of Qiyamah, her (dead) child will drag her by its umbilical cord to the Paradise’’.[271]
11- الْمُسَكِّنُ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ اللَّيْثِيِّ قَالَ: إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ خَرَجَ وِلْدَانُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ بِأَيْدِيهِمُ الشَّرَابُ
(The book) ‘Al Musakkin, from Ubeyd Bin Umeyr of Al Laysi who said,
‘When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, young children will come out from the Paradise having the drinks in their hands’.
قَالَ فَيَقُولُ لَهُمُ النَّاسُ اسْقُونَا اسْقُونَا فَيَقُولُونَ أَبَوَيْنَا أَبَوَيْنَا
He said, ‘The people will say to them, ‘Quench us! Quench us!’ They would be saying, ‘Our parents! Our parents!’’
قَالَ حَتَّى السِّقْطُ مُحْبَنْطِئاً [عَلَى] بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ يَقُولُ لَا أَدْخُلُ حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ أَبَوَايَ.
He said, ‘Two the extent of the miscarried child will be shading at the door of Paradise. He will be saying, ‘I will not enter until my parents enter’’.[272]
وَ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ نُودِيَ فِي أَطْفَالِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَنِ اخْرُجُوا مِنْ قُبُورِكُمْ فَيَخْرُجُونَ مِنْ قُبُورِهِمْ
And from him who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When it will be the Day of Qiyamah, there will be a call among the children of the Momineen and the Muslims: ‘Come out from your graves!’ They will be coming out from their graves.
ثُمَّ يُنَادَى فِيهِمْ أَنِ امْضُوا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ زُمَراً فَيَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا وَ وَالِدَيْنَا مَعَنَا ثُمَّ يُنَادَى فِيهِمُ الثَّانِيَةَ أَنِ امْضُوا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ زُمَراً فَيَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا وَ وَالِدَيْنَا مَعَنَا
Then there will be a call among them: ‘Go to the Paradise in groups!’ They will say, ‘Our Lord‑azwj, and our parents should be with us!’ Then there will be a call among them the second time: ‘Go to the Paradise in groups!’ They would say, ‘Our Lord-azwj, and our parents should be with us!’
فَيَقُولُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ وَ وَالِدَيْكُمْ مَعَكُمْ فَيَثِبُ كُلُّ طِفْلٍ إِلَى أَبَوَيْهِ فَيَأْخُذُونَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ فَيَدْخُلُونَ بِهِمُ الْجَنَّةَ فَهُمْ أَعْرَفُ بِآبَائِهِمْ وَ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ مِنْ أَوْلَادِكُمُ الَّذِينَ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ.
There will be a call among them the third time: ‘And your parents shall be with you all!’ So, every child will lead to his parents and holding their hand and enter the Paradise with them. They would be more knowing of their father and their mother on the Day than their children, the ones in their houses’’.[273]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا كَانَ يَجِيءُ بِصَبِيٍّ لَهُ مَعَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ فَاحْتَبَسَ وَالِدُهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ صَبِيُّهُ الَّذِي رَأَيْتَهُ مَعَهُ
And it is reported that a man used to come to Rasool-Allah-azwj with a young boy, and he died. His father withheld from Rasool-Allah-saww. He-saww asked about him. They said, ‘His child has died, the one you-saww had seen being with him’.
فَقَالَ ص هَلَّا آذَنْتُمُونِي فَقُومُوا إِلَى أَخِينَا نُعَزِّيهِ
He-saww said: ‘Will you excuse me-saww? Let us arise and go to console him’.
فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا الرَّجُلُ حَزِينٌ وَ بِهِ كَآبَةٌ فَعَزَّاهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كُنْتُ أَرْجُوهُ لِكِبَرِ سِنِّي وَ ضَعْفِي
When he-saww entered to see him, there the man was grief-stricken, and there was gloominess with him. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I was hopeful with him due to my old age and my weakness’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَ مَا يَسُرُّكَ أَنْ يَكُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِإِزَائِكَ فَيُقَالَ لَهُ ادْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ فَيَقُولَ يَا رَبِّ وَ أَبَوَايَ فَلَا يَزَالُ يَشْفَعُ حَتَّى يُشَفِّعَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيكُمْ فَيُدْخِلَكُمْ جَمِيعاً الْجَنَّةَ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Will it not cheer you that he would be parallel to you on the Day of Qiyamah? It will be said to him: ‘Enter the Paradise!’ He will say, ‘O Lord-azwj, and my parents!’ He will not cease to intercede until Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will Intercede regarding you and Admit you all into the Paradise together’’.
وَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: إِذَا مَاتَ وَلَدُ الْعَبْدِ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِمَلَائِكَتِهِ أَ قَبَضْتُمْ وَلَدَ عَبْدِي فَيَقُولُونَ بِحَمْدِكَ نَعَمْ
And from Abdullah Bin Qays,
‘From Rasool-Allah-saww having said: ‘When the child of a servant dies, Allah-azwj the Exalted Says to His-azwj Angel: “You have captured a son of My-azwj servant!” They will say, ‘Yes, by Your-azwj Praise!’
فَيَقُولُ قَبَضْتُمْ ثَمَرَةَ فُؤَادِهِ فَيَقُولُونَ نَعَمْ
He-azwj Says: “You have captured the fruit of his heart!” They say, ‘Yes’.
فَيَقُولُ مَا ذَا قَالَ عَبْدِي فَيَقُولُونَ حَمِدَكَ وَ اسْتَرْجَعَ
He-azwj Says: “What did My-azwj servant say?” They said, ‘He praised You-azwj and say, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj’.
فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ ابْنُوا لِعَبْدِي بَيْتاً فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ سَمُّوهُ بَيْتَ الْحَمْدِ.
Allah-azwj Says: “Build a house for My-azwj servant in the Paradise, and name it as ‘The house of praise’!”’[274]
12- الْمُسَكِّنُ، رُوِيَ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ ص وَ مَعَهَا ابْنٌ لَهَا مَرِيضٌ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَشْفِيَ ابْنِي هَذَا
(The book) ‘Al-Musakkin’ –
‘It is reported that a woman came to the Prophet-saww and with was a son of hers, sick. She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Supplicate to Allah-azwj to Heal this son of mine!’
فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص هَلْ لَكِ فَرَطٌ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
Rasool-Allah-saww said to her: ‘Are there any dead children for you?’ She said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ ص فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَوْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ قَالَتْ بَلْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ
He-saww said: ‘During the pre-Islamic period or in Al-Islam?’ She said, ‘But, in Al-Islam’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جُنَّةٌ حَصِينَةٌ جُنَّةٌ حَصِينَةٌ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘A fortified shield! A fortified shield!’’[275]
وَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ دَفَنَ ثَلَاثَةً فَصَبَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ احْتَسَبَ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ
And from Jabir Bin Samura who said,
‘One who buries three (children), so he is patient upon them and anticipates, the Paradise is obligated for him’.
فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ أَيْمَنَ وَ اثْنَيْنِ
Umm Ayman-ra said, ‘And two?’
فَقَالَ مَنْ دَفَنَ اثْنَيْنِ وَ صَبَرَ عَلَيْهِمَا وَ احْتَسَبَهُمَا وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ
He-saww said: ‘One who buries two (children) and is patient upon the and anticipates, the Paradise is obligated for him’.
فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ أَيْمَنَ وَ وَاحِداً
Umm Ayman said, ‘And one?’
فَسَكَتَ وَ أَمْسَكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أُمَّ أَيْمَنَ مَنْ دَفَنَ وَاحِداً فَصَبَرَ عَلَيْهِ وَ احْتَسَبَهُ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ.
He-saww was silent, and withheld. Then he-saww said: ‘O Umm Ayman! One who buries one (child), so he is patient upon him and anticipates, the Paradise will be obligated for him’’.[276]
وَ عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَتَعَاهَدُ الْأَنْصَارَ وَ يَعُودُهُمْ وَ يَسْأَلُ عَنْهُمْ فَبَلَغَهُ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً مَاتَ ابْنٌ لَهَا فَجَزِعَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَأَتَاهَا فَأَمَرَهَا بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ الصَّبْرِ
And from Bureyda who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww used to look after the helpers and consoling them, and asking about them. It reached him-saww that a woman, a son of hers had died, and she was alarmed upon him. He‑saww came to her and instructed her with fearing Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and the patience.
فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي امْرَأَةٌ رَقُوبٌ لَا أَلِدُ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِي وَلَدٌ غَيْرُهُ
She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I am ‘Ruqoub’ (a childless woman (now)). I cannot give birth (anymore), and there did not happen to have child for me apart from him!’
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الرَّقُوبُ الَّتِي يَبْقَى لَهَا وَلَدُهَا
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The ‘Ruqoub’ is the one, there does not remain any children for her’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا مِنِ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ وَ لَا امْرَأَةٍ مُسْلِمَةٍ يَمُوتُ لَهَا ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ إِلَّا أَدْخَلَهُمَا الْجَنَّةَ
Then he-saww said: ‘There is neither a Muslim man nor Muslim woman, three children of hers die, except they will both (parents) enter the Paradise’.
فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَ اثْنَانِ فَقَالَ وَ اثْنَانِ
It was said to him-saww, ‘And two?’ He-saww said: ‘And two’’.[277]
وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ أَنَّهُ ص قَالَ لَهَا أَ مَا تُحِبِّينَ أَنْ تَرَيِنَّهُ عَلَى بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ هُوَ يَدْعُوكِ إِلَيْهَا فَقَالَتْ بَلَى
And in another Hadeeth, he-saww said to her: ‘Would you not love to be seeing him at the door of Paradise and he is calling you to it?’ She said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ كَذَلِكِ.
He-saww said: ‘Surely it is like that!’’[278]
وَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: وَقَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى مَجْلِسٍ مِنْ بَنِي سَلِمَةَ فَقَالَ يَا بَنِي سَلِمَةَ مَا الرَّقُوبُ فِيكُمْ
And from Anas (a well-known fabricator), said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww paused at a gathering of the clan of Salimah. He-saww said: ‘O sons of Salimah! What is the ‘Ruqoub’ among you all?’
قَالُوا الَّذِي لَا يُولَدُ لَهُ
They said, ‘The one having no births for him’.
قَالَ بَلْ هُوَ الَّذِي لَا فَرَطَ لَهُ
He-saww said: ‘But he is the one having no dead children for him’.
قَالَ مَا الْمُعْدِمُ فِيكُمْ
He-saww said: ‘What is ‘Al-Mu’dam’ among you?’
قَالُوا الَّذِي لَا مَالَ لَهُ
They said, ‘The one having no wealth for him’.
قَالَ بَلْ هُوَ الَّذِي يَقْدَمُ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ-.
He-saww said: ‘But, he is the one who is preceded (by death of his child), and there aren’t any good deeds for him in the Presence of Allah-azwj’’.[279]
وَ نَحْوَهُ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ- وَ دَخَلَ ص عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ يُعَزِّيهَا بِابْنِهَا فَقَالَ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكِ جَزِعْتِ جَزَعاً شَدِيداً
And approximate to it from Ibn Masoud –
‘And he-saww entered to see a woman to console her of her son. He-saww said: ‘It has reached me that you are alarmed with severe alarm?’
فَقَالَتْ وَ مَا يَمْنَعُنِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ تَرَكَنِي عَجُوزاً رَقُوباً
She said, ‘And what prevents me, O Rasool-Allah-saww, and he has left me old, (Ruqoub) childless?’
فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَسْتِ بالرَّقُوبِ إِنَّمَا الرَّقُوبُ الَّتِي تُتَوَفَّى وَ لَيْسَ لَهَا فَرَطٌ وَ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ النَّاسُ يَعُودُونَ عَلَيْهَا وَ مِنْ أَفْرَاطِهِمْ فَتِلْكَ الرَّقُوبُ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said to her: ‘It isn’t ‘Al-Ruqoub’. But rather, ‘Al-Ruqoub’ is the one who dies and there isn’t any dead children for her, and the people are not able to be consoling upon her, and from their dead children, so that is ‘Al-Ruqoub’’.[280]
13- الْمُسَكِّنُ، عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص جَالِساً إِذْ أَتَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ اللَّهَ لِي فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ يَعِيشُ لِي وَلَدٌ
(The book) ‘Al-Musakkin’ – from Qabeysa who said,
‘I was seated in the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww when a woman came to him-saww. She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Supplicate to Allah-azwj for me, for no child lives for me’.
قَالَ ص وَ كَمْ مَاتَ لَكَ وَلَدٌ قَالَتْ ثَلَاثَةٌ
He-saww said: ‘And how many children have died for you?’ She said, ‘Three’.
قَالَ لَقَدِ احْتَظَرْتَ مِنَ النَّارِ بِحِظَارٍ شَدِيدٍ.
He-saww said: ‘You have been saved from the Fire with a strong shield!’’[281]
14- الْمُسَكِّنُ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ قَالَ: مَاتَ وَلَدٌ لِدَاوُدَ ع فَحَزِنَ عَلَيْهِ حَزَناً كَثِيراً فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ يَا دَاوُدُ وَ مَا كَانَ يَعْدِلُ هَذَا الْوَلَدُ عِنْدَكَ
(The book) ‘Al Musakkin, from Zayd Bin Aslam who said,
‘A son of Dawood-as died. He-as grieved upon him with a lot of grief. Allah-azwj Revealed to him‑as: “O Dawood-as, and what would equate this child in your-as view?”
قَالَ كَانَ يَا رَبِّ يَعْدِلُ عِنْدِي مِلْءَ الْأَرْضِ ذَهَباً
He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! In my-as view he equates to the earth filled with gold!’
قَالَ فَلَكَ عِنْدِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مِلْءُ الْأَرْضِ ثَوَاباً.
He-azwj Said: “For you-saww, with Me-azwj on the Day of Qiyamah would be the earth filled with Rewards!”’[282]
وَ حَكَى الشَّيْخُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ فِي كِتَابِ مِصْبَاحِ الظَّلَامِ عَنْ بَعْضِ الثِّقَاتِ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَوْصَى بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِهِ مِمَّنْ حَجَّ أَنْ يَقْرَأَ سَلَامَهُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ يَدْفِنَ رُقْعَةً مَخْتُومَةً أَعْطَاهَا لَهُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ الشَّرِيفِ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ
And it is narrated by the Sheykh Abu Abdullah Bin Al Numan in the book ‘Misbah Al Zallam’, from one of the trusted ones,
‘A man bequeathed to one of his companions, from the one performing Hajj, that he should convey his greetings to Rasool-Allah-saww, and bury a sealed parchment he gave him by his noble head. He did that.
فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ مِنْ حَجِّهِ أَكْرَمَهُ الرَّجُلُ وَ قَالَ لَهُ جَزَاكَ اللَّهُ خَيْراً لَقَدْ بَلَّغْتَ الرِّسَالَةَ
When he returned from his Hajj, the man honoured him and said to him, ‘May Allah-azwj Recompense you goodly, you have delivered the message!’
فَتَعَجَّبَ الْمُبَلِّغُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ قَالَ مِنْ أَيْنَ عَلِمْتَ بِتَبْلِيغِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ أُحَدِّثَكَ فَأَنْشَأَ يُحَدِّثُهُ
The deliverer was surprised from that, and said, ‘From where did you come to know of its delivery before my narrating to you, and started discussing it?’’
قَالَ كَانَ لِي أَخٌ مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ ابْناً صَغِيراً فَرَبَّيْتُهُ وَ أَحْسَنْتُ تَرْبِيَتَهُ ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْلُغَ الْحُلُمَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ ذَاتُ لَيْلَةٍ رَأَيْتُ فِي الْمَنَامِ أَنَّ الْقِيَامَةَ قَدْ قَامَتْ وَ الْحَشْرَ قَدْ وَقَعَتْ وَ النَّاسَ قَدِ اشْتَدَّ بِهِمُ الْعَطَشُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْجَهْدِ وَ بِيَدِ ابْنِ أَخِي مَاءٌ
He said, ‘There was a brother of mine who died and left a young son, so I nourished him and made his upbringing to be good. Then he died before reaching puberty. When it was that night, I saw in the dream that the Qiyamah had been established and the Resurrection has occurred, and the people, the thirst had intensified with them from the severity of the exertion, and there was water in the hand of the son of my brother.
فَالْتَمَسْتُ أَنْ يَسْقِيَنِي فَأَبَى وَ قَالَ أَبِي أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْكَ فَعَظُمَ عَلَيَّ ذَلِكَ وَ انْتَبَهْتُ فَزِعاً فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْتُ تَصَدَّقْتُ بِجُمْلَةِ دَنَانِيرِي وَ سَأَلْتُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَرْزُقَنِي وَلَداً ذَكَراً فَرَزَقَنِيهِ وَ اتَّفَقَ سَفَرُكَ
I sought him to quench me, but he refused and said, ‘My father is more rightful with it than you are!’ That was grievous upon me and I woke up suddenly in panic. When it was morning, I gave in charity with total of my Dinars and asked Allah-azwj to Grace me a male child. He-azwj Graced me, and your journey came up.
فَكَتَبْتُ لَكَ تِلْكَ الرُّقْعَةَ وَ مَضْمُونُهَا التَّوَسُّلُ بِالنَّبِيِّ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي قَبُولِهِ مِنِّي رَجَاءَ أَنْ أَجِدَهُ يَوْمَ الْفَزَعِ الْأَكْبَرِ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ حُمَّ وَ مَاتَ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ يَوْمَ وُصُولِكَ فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّكَ بَلَّغْتَ الرِّسَالَةَ.
So, I wrote for you that note and its content as the means with the Prophet-saww to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic regarding his-saww acceptance from me hoping that I should find him on the Day of the greatest panic. It was not long before he had fever and died, and that was on the day of your arrival. I knew that you have delivered the message’’.[283]
وَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: الْمَصَائِبُ مَفَاتِيحُ الْأَجْرِ.
And from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘The calamities (bereavements) are the keys of Recompense’’.[284]
وَ عَنْهُ ص قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِذَا وَجَّهْتُ إِلَى عَبْدٍ مِنْ عَبِيدِي مُصِيبَةً فِي بَدَنِهِ أَوْ مَالِهِ أَوْ وَلَدِهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَ ذَلِكَ بِصَبْرٍ جَمِيلٍ اسْتَحْيَيْتُ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَنْ أَنْصِبَ لَهُ مِيزَاناً أَوْ أَنْشُرَ لَهُ دِيوَاناً.
And from him-saww having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “When I-azwj Divert to a servant from My-azwj servant, a difficulty in his body, or his wealth, or his children, then he faces that with beautiful patience, I-azwj would be too Embarrassed from him on the Day of Qiyamah to Set up a scale for him or Publicise a register (of deeds) for him!”’[285]
وَ عَنْ مُعَاذٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ ابْنٌ وَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ عَزِيزاً وَ بِهِ ضَنِيناً وَ مَاتَ فَصَبَرَ عَلَى مُصِيبَتِهِ وَ احْتَسَبَهُ أَبْدَلَ اللَّهُ الْمَيِّتَ دَاراً خَيْراً مِنْ دَارِهِ وَ قَرَاراً خَيْراً مِنْ قَرَارِهِ وَ أَبْدَلَ الْمُصَابَ الصَّلَاةَ وَ الرَّحْمَةَ وَ الْمَغْفِرَةَ وَ الرِّضْوَانَ.
And from Muaz who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who had a son for him, and he was dear unto him, and he is pained by him, and he dies, so he is patient upon his calamity and anticipate, Allah-azwj will Replace the deceased a house better than his house, and a settlement better than his settlement, and Replaced the afflicted with the Salat, and the Mercy, and the Forgiveness, and the Pleasure’’.[286]
15- أَعْلَامُ الدِّينِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: تَجِيءُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَطْفَالُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عِنْدَ عَرْضِ الْخَلَائِقِ لِلْحِسَابِ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِجَبْرَئِيلَ ع اذْهَبْ بِهَؤُلَاءِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ
(The book) ‘A’lam Al Deen’ –
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘The children of the Momineen will come with the display of the creatures for the Reckoning. Allah-azwj the Exalted will Say to Jibraeel-as: “Go with them to the Paradise!’
فَيَقِفُونَ عَلَى أَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ يَسْأَلُونَ عَنْ آبَائِهِمْ وَ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ فَتَقُولُ لَهُمُ الْخَزَنَةُ آبَاؤُكُمْ وَ أُمَّهَاتُكُمْ لَيْسُوا كَأَمْثَالِكُمْ لَهُمْ ذُنُوبٌ وَ سَيِّئَاتٌ يُطَالَبُونَ بِهَا فَيَصِيحُونَ صَيْحَةً بَاكِينَ
They would be standing at the doors of Paradise and asking about their fathers and their mothers. The keepers will say to them: ‘Your father and your mothers aren’t like you are. There are sins for them and evil deeds they are being sought with’. They will be shouting the shout of the crying ones.
فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ مَا هَذِهِ الصَّيْحَةُ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ هَؤُلَاءِ أَطْفَالُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Allah-azwj the Exalted will Say: “O Jibraeel-as! What is this shouting?’ He-as will say: ‘O Allah-azwj! You-azwj are more Knowing of these children of the Momineen!’
يَقُولُونَ لَا نَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ آبَاؤُنَا وَ أُمَّهَاتُنَا
They will be saying, ‘We will not enter the Paradise until our fathers and our mothers enter!’
فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ تَعَالَى يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ تَخَلَّلِ الْجَمْعَ وَ خُذْ بِيَدِ آبَائِهِمْ وَ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ فَأَدْخِلْهُمْ مَعَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ بِرَحْمَتِي.
Allah-azwj the Glorious and Exalted will Say: “O Jibraeel-as! Enter into the crown and grab the hands of their fathers and their mothers and enter them to be with them into the Paradise due to My-azwj Mercy’’.[287]
16- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: وَلَدٌ وَاحِدٌ يُقَدِّمُهُ الرَّجُلُ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ وَلَداً يَبْقَوْنَ بَعْدَهُ شَاكِينَ فِي السِّلَاحِ مَعَ الْقَائِمِ ع.
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Rawandy’ –
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘One child preceding the man (in death) is better than seventy children remaining after him, clad in the weapons with Al-Qaim-ajfj’’.[288]
17- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: مَنْ مَاتَ لَهُ ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنَ الْوُلْدِ فَاحْتَسَبَهُمْ حَجَبُوهُ مِنَ النَّارِ
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘One three of his children were to die, so he anticipates them they will be veiling him from the Fire’.
فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ اثْنَانِ
‘It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww, and two?’
قَالَ وَ اثْنَانِ.
He-saww said: ‘And two?’’[289]
18- مِشْكَاةُ الْأَنْوَارِ، عَنْ مِهْرَانَ قَالَ: كَتَبَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع يَشْكُو إِلَيْهِ مُصَابَهُ بِوَلَدِهِ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَخْتَارُ مِنْ مَالِ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ أَنْفَسَهُ لِيَأْجُرَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ.
(The book) ‘Mishkat Al Anwaar’ – from Mihran who said,
‘A man wrote to Abu Ja’far-asws complain to him-asws of his calamity (bereavement) of his son. He-asws wrote to him: ‘Allah-azwj Chooses (Takes) from wealth of the Momin and from his children Himself-azwj in order to Recompense him upon that’’.[290]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الْوَلَدُ الصَّالِحُ مِيرَاثُ اللَّهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذَا قَبَضَهُ.
And from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The righteous son is an Inheritance of Allah-azwj from the Momineen when He-azwj Captures (Recalls him)’’.[291]
باب 18 فضل التعزي و الصبر عند المصائب و المكاره
CHAPTER 18 – MERITS OF CONDOLING AND THE PATIENCE AT THE CALAMITIES (BEREAVEMENTS) AND ITS ABHORRENCES
الآيات
The Verses
البقرة وَ لَنَبْلُوَنَّكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْخَوْفِ وَ الْجُوعِ وَ نَقْصٍ مِنَ الْأَمْوالِ وَ الْأَنْفُسِ وَ الثَّمَراتِ وَ بَشِّرِ الصَّابِرِينَ-
(Surah) Al Baqarah: And We will be Testing you with something from the fear and the hunger and scarcity of the wealth and the lives and the fruits; and give glad tidings to the patient ones [2:155]
الَّذِينَ إِذا أَصابَتْهُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قالُوا إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ-
Who, when a difficulty befalls them, are saying: We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]
أُولئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَلَواتٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَ رَحْمَةٌ وَ أُولئِكَ هُمُ الْمُهْتَدُونَ
Those, upon them is the Salawaat from their Lord and Mercy; those, they are the Guided ones [2:157]
و قال تعالى وَ لكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ إلى قوله وَ الصَّابِرِينَ فِي الْبَأْساءِ وَ الضَّرَّاءِ وَ حِينَ الْبَأْسِ أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا وَ أُولئِكَ هُمُ الْمُتَّقُونَ
And the Exalted: but the righteous is the one who believes in Allah, and the Last Day – up to His-azwj Words: and the patient ones during the adversity and the desperation and when distressed; they are those who are true, and these, they are the fearing ones [2:177].
لقمان وَ اصْبِرْ عَلى ما أَصابَكَ إِنَّ ذلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ الْأُمُورِ
(Surah) Luqman-as: and be patient upon what befalls you, surely that is from the matters requiring determination [31:17]
الزمر إِنَّما يُوَفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
(Surah) ‘Al Zumar’: But rather, the patient ones would be fulfilled their Recompense without Reckoning’ [39:10].
تفسير
Tafseer (Ahadeeth only) –
وَ قَالَ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَوْلُنَا إِنَّا لِلَّهِ إِقْرَارٌ عَلَى أَنْفُسِنَا بِالْمُلْكِ وَ قَوْلُنَا وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ إِقْرَارٌ عَلَى أَنْفُسِنَا بِالْهُلْكِ.
And Al-Tabarsee – Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Our words, ‘We are for Allah-azwj’, is an acknowledgement upon ourselves with Your-azwj Ownership, and our words, ‘And we are returning to Him-azwj’, is an acknowledgement upon ourselves with the destruction (death)’’.
و في الحديث من استرجع عند المصيبة جبر الله مصيبته و أحسن عقباه و جعل له خلفا صالحا يرضاه.
And in the Hadeeth: ‘One who says, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj’. Allah‑azwj will Subdue his calamity (bereavement) and better his consequence, and Make for him a righteous replacement who will satisfy him’.
و قال ع من أصيب بمصيبة فأحدث استرجاعا و إن تقادم عهدها كتب الله له من الأجر مثله يوم أصيب.
And he-asws said: ‘One who is afflicted with a calamity (bereavement), so he initiates saying, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj’, and if its time has preceded, Allah-azwj will Write the Recompense for him similar to his on the day he was afflicted’’.
وَ رَوَى الْكُلَيْنِيُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ وَ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنِّي جَعَلْتُ الدُّنْيَا بَيْنَ عِبَادِي قَرْضاً فَمَنْ أَقْرَضَنِي مِنْهَا قَرْضاً أَعْطَيْتُهُ بِكُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ عَشْراً إِلَى سَبْعِمِائَةِ ضِعْفٍ وَ مَا شِئْتُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يُقْرِضْنِي مِنْهَا فَأَخَذْتُ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً قَسْراً فَصَبَرَ أَعْطَيْتُهُ ثَلَاثَ خِصَالٍ لَوْ أَعْطَيْتُ وَاحِدَةً مِنْهُنَّ مَلَائِكَتِي لَرَضُوا بِهَا مِنِّي
And it is reported by Al-Kulayni in ‘Al-Saheeh’ – from Abdullah Bin Sinan, and Is’haq Bin Ammar, ‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “I-azwj have Made the world as a loan between My-azwj servants. The one who lends Me-azwj a loan from it, I-azwj shall Give him, with every one, ten up to seven hundred multiple and whatever I-azwj so Desire from that, and the one who lends Me-azwj from it, so I-azwj Take something from it Forcibly, so he is patient, I-saww shall Give him three traits, if I-azwj were to Give him one of these to My-azwj Angels they would be satisfied by it from Me-azwj!”’
ثُمَّ تَلَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَوْلَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى- الَّذِينَ إِذا أَصابَتْهُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قالُوا إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ- أُولئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَلَواتٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ فَهَذِهِ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْ ثَلَاثِ خِصَالٍ- وَ رَحْمَةٌ اثْنَتَانِ وَ أُولئِكَ هُمُ الْمُهْتَدُونَ ثَلَاثٌ
Then Abu Abdullah-asws recited Words of Allah-azwj the Exalted: Who, when a difficulty befalls them, are saying: We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156] Those, upon them is the Salawaat from their Lord [2:157]. So these is one of the traits – ‘and Mercy – is two, and those, they are the Guided ones [2:157] – is three’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَذَا لِمَنْ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً قَسْراً.
Then Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘This is for the one Allah-azwj Takes something from him Forcibly’’.
1- ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مَعْرُوفِ بْنِ خَرَّبُوذَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ مَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ يُصَابُ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَيَسْتَرْجِعُ عِنْدَ مُصِيبَتِهِ حِينَ تَفْجَأُهُ الْمُصِيبَةُ إِلَّا غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَا مَضَى مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ إِلَّا الْكَبَائِرَ الَّتِي أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا النَّارَ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al-Amaal’ – from his father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Ali, from Abdullah Bin Sinan, from Marouf Bin Kharbouz,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘There is none from a Momin who is afflicted with a calamity (bereavement) in the world, so he says, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj’ during his calamity when the calamity surprises him, except Allah-azwj will Forgive (his sins) for him, whatever have passed from his sins except the major sins which, Allah-azwj will obligated the Fire upon him’.
قَالَ وَ كُلَّمَا ذَكَرَ مُصِيبَةً فِيمَا يَسْتَقْبِلُ مِنْ عُمُرِهِ فَاسْتَرْجَعَ عِنْدَهَا وَ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ كُلَّ ذَنْبٍ اكْتَسَبَهُ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الِاسْتِرْجَاعِ الْأَوَّلِ إِلَى الِاسْتِرْجَاعِ الثَّانِي إِلَّا الْكَبَائِرَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ.
He-asws said: ‘And every time he remembers a calamity in what is future from his age, so he says, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning from Him-azwj’ during him, and he praises Allah‑azwj, Allah-azwj will Forgive for him every sin he had earned during what is between his saying that the first time up to his saying it the second time, except the major sins from the sins’’.[292]
2- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَيْفٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ أُلْهِمَ الِاسْتِرْجَاعَ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ.
And from him, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Sayf, from his brother, from his father Sayf Bin Ameyra,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who is inspired the saying of ‘We are for Allah-azwj and are returning to Him-azwj’ during the calamity (bereavement), the Paradise is obligated for him’’.[293]
3- ثَوَابُ الْأَعْمَالِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ مَنْ صَبَرَ عَلَى مُصِيبَةٍ زَادَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عِزّاً عَلَى عِزِّهِ وَ أَدْخَلَهُ جَنَّتَهُ مَعَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ ص.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Al Hassan Bin Al Husayn Bin Yazeed, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Bakr, from Aasim, from Abu Hamza Al Sumali,
‘From Abu Ja’far Al-Baqir-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘One who is patient upon a calamity (bereavement), Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will Increase him in honour upon his honour, and Admit him into His-azwj Paradise with Muhammad-saww and People-asws of his-saww Household’’.[294]
4- مَجَالِسُ الصَّدُوقِ، وَ الْعُيُونُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْمُفَسِّرِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْحُسَيْنِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النَّاصِرِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ الرِّضَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: نُعِيَ إِلَى الصَّادِقِ ع إِسْمَاعِيلُ وَ هُوَ أَكْبَرُ أَوْلَادِهِ وَ هُوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ وَ قَدِ اجْتَمَعَ نُدَمَاؤُهُ
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Sadouq, and ‘Al Uyoun’ – from Muhammad Bin Al Qasim Al Mufassir, from Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Husayni, from al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Al Nasir, from his father,
‘From Muhammad son of Ali-asws, from his father-asws Al-Reza-asws, from his father-asws having said: ‘Ismail was obituarised to Al-Sadiq-asws, and he was the eldest of his children, and he-asws intended to eat a meal, and his mourners ones had gathered.
فَتَبَسَّمَ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِطَعَامِهِ فَقَعَدَ مَعَ نُدَمَائِهِ وَ جَعَلَ يَأْكُلُ أَحْسَنَ مِنْ أَكْلِهِ سَائِرَ الْأَيَّامِ وَ يَحُثُّ نُدَمَاءَهُ وَ يَضَعُ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَ يَعْجَبُونَ مِنْهُ لَا يَرَوْنَ لِلْحُزْنِ فِي وَجْهِهِ أَثَراً
He-asws smiled, then called for his-asws meal. He-asws said with his-asws mourners and went on to eat better than his eating in rest of the days, and he-asws was urging his-asws mourners (to eat), and he-asws placed it in front of them, and they were surprised from him-asws nor seeing any traces of the grief in his-asws face.
فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالُوا لَقَدْ رَأَيْنَا مِنْكَ عَجَباً أُصِبْتَ بِمِثْلِ هَذَا الِابْنِ وَ أَنْتَ كَمَا نَرَى
When he-asws was free, they said, ‘We have seen a strange behaviour from you-asws! You-asws have been afflicted with this son and you-asws are like what we are seeing!’
فَقَالَ مَا لِي لَا أَكُونُ كَمَا تَرَوْنَ وَ قَدْ جَاءَنِي خَبَرُ أَصْدَقِ الصَّادِقِينَ أَنِّي مَيِّتٌ وَ إِيَّاكُمْ إِنَّ قَوْماً عَرَفُوا الْمَوْتَ فَلَمْ يُنْكِرُوا مَا يَخْطَفُهُ الْمَوْتُ مِنْهُمْ وَ سَلَّمُوا لِأَمْرِ خَالِقِهِمْ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ.
He-asws said: ‘Why should I-asws not be like what you are seeing, and news has come to me-asws from the most Truthful of the truthful ones, I-asws shall be dying. And beware of a people who recognise the death and they are not denying what the death has taken away from them, and they submitted to the Command of their Creator Mighty and Majestic’’.[295]
5- الْعُيُونُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ أَبِي مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع مَنْ بُلِيَ مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا بِبَلَاءٍ فَصَبَرَ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مِثْلَ أَجْرِ أَلْفِ شَهِيدٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Uyoun’ – from Ali Bin Abdullah, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Al Haysam Bin Abu Masrouq, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazl,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘One from our-asws Shias who is afflicted with a calamity (bereavement), so he is patient, Allah-azwj will Write for him similar to the Recompense of a thousand martyrs’’.[296]
6- صِفَاتُ الشِّيعَةِ، لِلصَّدُوقِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَا تَكُونُونَ مُؤْمِنِينَ حَتَّى تَكُونُوا مُؤْتَمَنِينَ وَ حَتَّى تَعُدُّوا النِّعْمَةَ وَ الرَّخَاءَ مُصِيبَةً وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الصَّبْرَ عَلَى الْبَلَاءِ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الْعَافِيَةِ عِنْدَ الرَّخَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Sifaat Al Shia’ of Al Sadouq – from Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Zayd,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘You cannot be Momineen until you become trusted ones, and until you count a calamity as the bounty and the prosperity, and that is the patience upon the affliction is better than the well being during the prosperity’’.[297]
7- الْمَحَاسِنُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ عُمَرَ بْنِ مُصْعَبٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ بَيْنَ ثَلَاثٍ بَيْنَ بَلَاءٍ وَ قَضَاءٍ وَ نِعْمَةٍ فَعَلَيْهِ لِلْبَلَاءِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الصَّبْرُ فَرِيضَةً وَ عَلَيْهِ لِلْقَضَاءِ مِنَ اللَّهِ التَّسْلِيمُ فَرِيضَةً وَ عَلَيْهِ لِلنِّعْمَةِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الشُّكْرُ فَرِيضَةً.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – from Abdullah Bin Hammad, from Abu Imran Umar Bin Mus’ab, from Abu Hamza Al Sumali who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The servant is between three (situations) – between affliction, and Decree, and bounty. It is upon him is the patience for the affliction from Allah‑azwj as an obligation, and upon him for the Decree from Allah-azwj the submission as an obligation, and upon him for the bounties from Allah-azwj the thanking is an obligation’’.[298]
8- مَجَالِسُ الْمُفِيدِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْجِعَابِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدٍ الْبَجَلِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَوَّابٍ الْهِبَّارِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ كَتَبَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Mufeed – from Muhammad Bin Umar Al Jiany, from Abdullah Bin Bureyd Al Bajaly, from Muhammad Bin Bawwab Al Hibbary,
‘From Muhammad Bin Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his father, from his brother Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, may Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Four (matters), one who has these in him, Allah-azwj will Write for him as being from the people of Paradise: –
مَنْ كَانَ عِصْمَتُهُ شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَنِّي مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ مَنْ إِذَا أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِنِعْمَةٍ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَ مَنْ إِذَا أَصَابَ ذَنْباً قَالَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَ مَنْ إِذَا أَصَابَتْهُ مُصِيبَةٌ قَالَ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ.
One whose fortification is testimony that there is no god except Allah-azwj, and I-saww Muhammad-saww am Rasool-saww of Allah-saww; and the one when Allah-azwj Favours a bounty upon him, say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj’; and the one when he commits a sin, says, ‘I seek Forgiveness of Allah-azwj’; and the one whom a calamity (bereavement) afflicts him, says, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and we are returning to Him-azwj’’.[299]
9- مَجَالِسُ الْمُفِيدِ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى هَاشِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي خَبَرٍ طَوِيلٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا وَصَلَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع وَفَاةُ الْأَشْتَرِ جَعَلَ يَتَلَهَّفُ وَ يَتَأَسَّفُ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَقُولُ لِلَّهِ دَرُّ مَالِكٍ لَوْ كَانَ مِنْ جَبَلٍ لَكَانَ أَعْظَمَ أَرْكَانِهِ وَ لَوْ كَانَ مِنْ حَجَرٍ كَانَ صَلْداً أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ لَيَهُدَّنَّ مَوْتُكَ فَعَلَى مِثْلِكَ فَلْتَبْكِ الْبَوَاكِي
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of Al Mufeed – by his chain to Hashim Bin Muhammad in a lengthy Hadeeth, said,
‘When (news of) the death of Al-Ashtar arrived to Amir Al-Momineen-asws, he-asws sighed and felt sorry upon him, and he-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj! Malik was a gem, if it were from a mountain it would have been mightiest of its pillars, and if it were from a rock it would have been solid. But, by Allah-azwj, your death would be eased (for you). Upon the likes of you let the crying ones cry’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ- وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُهُ عِنْدَكَ فَإِنَّ مَوْتَهُ مِنْ مَصَائِبِ الدَّهْرِ فَرَحِمَ اللَّهُ مَالِكاً قَدْ وَفَى بِعَهْدِهِ وَ قَضى نَحْبَهُ وَ لَقِيَ رَبَّهُ
Then he-asws said: ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156], and The Praise is for Allah the Lord of the Worlds [1:2]. I am anticipating with You-azwj, for his death is from the calamities of the times. May Allah-azwj have Mercy on Malik. He has fulfilled his pact, and fulfilled his term, and he met his Lord-azwj.
مَعَ أَنَّا قَدْ وَطَّنَّا أَنْفُسَنَا أَنْ نَصْبِرَ عَلَى كُلِّ مُصِيبَةٍ بَعْدَ مُصَابِنَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَإِنَّهَا أَعْظَمُ الْمُصِيبَةِ.
Along with (this), we-asws have determined ourselves that we-asws shall be upon every calamity (bereavement) after our-asws calamity (bereavement) with Rasool-Allah-saww, for it is the mightiest of the calamities’’.[300]
10- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ فِيمَا نَاجَى اللَّهُ بِهِ مُوسَى بْنَ عِمْرَانَ أَنْ يَا مُوسَى مَا خَلَقْتُ خَلْقاً هُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ عَبْدِيَ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ إِنِّي إِنَّمَا أَبْتَلِيهِ لِمَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ وَ أَنَا أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يُصْلِحُ عَبْدِي وَ لْيَصْبِرْ عَلَى بَلَائِي وَ لْيَشْكُرْ نَعْمَائِي وَ لْيَرْضَ بِقَضَائِي أَكْتُبْهُ فِي الصِّدِّيقِينَ عِنْدِي إِذَا عَمِلَ بِمَا يُرْضِينِي وَ أَطَاعَ أَمْرِي.
And from him, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Hassan, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Malik Bin Atiyya, from Dawood Bin Farqad,
‘From Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘Among what Allah-azwj Whispered with to Musa-as Bin Imran-as: “O Musa-as! I-azwj have not Created any creature who is more Beloved to Me-azwj than My-azwj Momin servant, and rather I-azwj Try him due to what is better for him, and I-azwj am more Knowing with what corrects My-azwj servant, and let him be patient upon My-azwj afflictions, and let him thank for My-azwj bounties, and let him be satisfied with My-azwj Decree, I-azwj shall Write him among the truthful ones in My-azwj Presence when he acts with what Satisfied Me-azwj and obeys My-azwj Command!”’[301]
11- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَرْبَعٌ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَ أَرْبَعٌ إِلَى جَنْبِهِنَّ مَنْ أَصْبَحَ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا حَزِيناً أَصْبَحَ سَاخِطاً عَلَى رَبِّهِ وَ مَنْ أَصْبَحَ يَشْكُو مُصِيبَةً نَزَلَتْ بِهِ فَإِنَّمَا يَشْكُو رَبَّهُ الْحَدِيثَ.
And from him, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from his father Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Al Waleed, from Muhammad Bin Al Saffar, from Al Abbas Bin Marouf, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Rifa’at,
‘From Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, may the Salawaat upon them-asws both, he‑asws said: ‘Four are in the Torah and four are to its sides (margin) – one who becomes grieving upon the world has become annoyed upon his Lord-azwj, and one who becomes complains of a calamity having befallen with it is complaining of his Lord-azwj’ – the Hadeeth’’.[302]
12- وَ مِنْهُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي كَهْمَشٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَوْصِنِي قَالَ أُوصِيكَ بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ إِنْ نَازَعَتْكَ نَفْسُكَ إِلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ قُوتُهُ الشَّعِيرَ وَ حَلْوَاهُ التَّمْرَ إِذَا وَجَدَهُ وَ وَقُودُهُ السَّعَفَ وَ إِذَا أُصِبْتَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَاذْكُرْ مُصَابَكَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ لَنْ يُصَابُوا بِمِثْلِهِ أَبَداً.
And from him, by his chain, from Ali Bin Mahziyar, from Ali Bin Uqba, from Abu Kahmash, from Amro Bin Saeed Bin Hilal who said,
‘I said to Abu Abdullah-asws, ‘Advise me!’
He-asws: ‘I-asws advise you with fearing Allah-azwj up to he-asws said: ‘If you soul were to snatch you to anything from that, then know that Rasool-Allah-saww was such, his-saww daily subsistence is the barley, and his-saww sweet dish is the dates when he-saww could find it, and his-saww firewood was the leaves, and when you are afflicted with a calamity, then remember your remember your calamity with Rasool-Allah-saww, for the people will never be afflicted with the likes of it, ever’’.[303]
13- أَعْلَامُ الدِّينِ، قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِلْحَارِثِ الْأَعْوَرِ ثَلَاثَةٌ بِهِنَّ يَكْمُلُ الْمُسْلِمُ التَّفَقُّهُ فِي الدِّينِ وَ التَّقْدِيرُ فِي الْمَعِيشَةِ وَ الصَّبْرُ عَلَى النَّوَائِبِ.
(The book) ‘A’laam Al Deen’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to Al-Haris Al-Awr: ‘Three (traits), the Muslim is perfected by these – the understanding in the religion, and the management in the livelihood, and the patience upon the disasters’’.[304]
وَ مِنْهُ وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع سَمِعَ إِنْسَاناً يَقُولُ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ فَقَالَ قَوْلُنَا إِنَّا لِلَّهِ إِقْرَارٌ لَهُ مِنَّا بِالْمُلْكِ وَ قَوْلُنَا إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ إِقْرَارٌ عَلَى أَنْفُسِنَا بِالْهُلْكِ.
And from him, ‘And it is reported that Amir Al-Momineen-asws heard a person saying, ‘We are for Allah-azwj and we are returning to Him-azwj’. He-asws said: ‘Our words, ‘We are for Allah-azwj’, is an acknowledgement to Him-azwj from us with the ownership, and our words, ‘We are returning to Him-azwj’, is an acknowledgement upon ourselves with the death’’.[305]
14- مَجَالِسُ الشَّيْخِ، عَنْ جَمَاعَةٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الرَّزَّازِ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَقِيلَةَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ مَنْ تَعَزَّى عَنِ الدُّنْيَا بِثَوَابِ الْآخِرَةِ فَقَدْ تَعَزَّى عَنْ حَقِيرٍ بِخَطِيرٍ وَ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَنْ عَدَّ فَائِتَهُ سَلَامَةً نَالَهَا وَ غَنِيمَةً أُعِينَ عَلَيْهَا.
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of the sheykh – from a group, from Abu Al Mufazzal, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Razzaz, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Muhammad Bin Abu Aqeela, from Al Husayn Bin Zayd, from his father,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying, ‘One who is consoled from the world with Rewards, and he is being consoled from the insignificant with significant and mightier from that; one who counts his losses as a safety will achieve it, and gains support upon it’’.[306]
15- وَ مِنْهُ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَهْبَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي كَهْمَشٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِذَا أُصِبْتَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَاذْكُرْ مُصَابَكَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ لَمْ يُصَابُوا بِمِثْلِهِ وَ لَنْ يُصَابُوا بِمِثْلِهِ أَبَداً.
Amd from him, from Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Wahban, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Zakariya, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazzal, from Ali Bin Uqbah, from Abu Kahmash, from Amro Bin Saeed Bin Hilal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘When you are afflicted with a calamity, then remember your calamity with Rasool-Allah-saww, for the people will not be afflicted with the likes of it, and they will never be afflicted with the likes of it, ever!’’[307]
16- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع الْجَزَعُ أَتْعَبُ مِنَ الصَّبْرِ.
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The alarm more tiring than the patience is’’.[308]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْضَ بِقَضَائِي وَ لَمْ يَشْكُرْ لِنَعْمَائِي وَ لَمْ يَصْبِرْ عَلَى بَلَائِي فَلْيَتَّخِذْ رَبّاً سِوَايَ
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: “One who is not satisfied with My-azwj Decree, and does not thank for My-azwj bounties, and is not patience upon My-azwj afflictions, let him take a Lord-azwj apart from Me-azwj!”
وَ قَالَ مَنْ أَصْبَحَ حَزِيناً عَلَى الدُّنْيَا أَصْبَحَ سَاخِطاً عَلَى اللَّهِ وَ مَنْ أَصْبَحَ يَشْكُو مُصِيبَةً نَزَلَتْ بِهِ فَإِنَّمَا يَشْكُو اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
And he-saww said: ‘One who becomes grieving upon the world has become annoyed upon Allah‑azwj, and the one who becomes complaining of a calamity having befallen with him is rather complaining of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
وَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى عُزَيْرٍ يَا عُزَيْرُ إِذَا وَقَعْتَ فِي مَعْصِيَةٍ فَلَا تَنْظُرْ إِلَى صِغَرِهَا وَ لَكِنِ انْظُرْ مَنْ عَصَيْتَ وَ إِذَا أُوتِيتَ رِزْقاً مِنِّي فَلَا تَنْظُرْ إِلَى قِلَّتِهِ وَ لَكِنِ انْظُرْ إِلَى مَنْ أَهْدَاهُ وَ إِذَا نَزَلَتْ إِلَيْكَ بَلِيَّةٌ فَلَا تَشْكُ إِلَى خَلْقِي كَمَا لَا أَشْكُوكَ إِلَى مَلَائِكَتِي عِنْدَ صُعُودِ مَسَاوِيكَ وَ فَضَائِحِكَ.
And Allah-azwj Revealed to Uzeyr: “When you fall into a sin, do not look at its smallness, but look as the One-azwj you are disobeyed; and when you are Given sustenance from Me-azwj do not look at its littleness, but look at the One-azwj who has Granted it to you, and when an affliction befalls to you, do not complain to My-azwj creatures just as I-azwj do not Complain to My-azwj Angels at the ascent of your evil deeds and your scandals!”’[309]
وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: بِئْسَ الشَّيْءُ الْوَلَدُ إِنْ عَاشَ كَدَّنِي وَ إِنْ مَاتَ هَدَّنِي
And it is reported from Al-Hassan Al-Basry who said, ‘Evilest of the things is the son, if he lives he exhausts me, and if he dies, he crushes me!’
فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ زَيْنَ الْعَابِدِينَ ع فَقَالَ كَذَبَ وَ اللَّهِ نِعْمَ الشَّيْءُ الْوَلَدُ إِنْ عَاشَ فَدُعَاءٌ حَاضِرٌ وَ إِنْ مَاتَ فَشَفِيعٌ سَابِقٌ.
That reached Zayn Al-Abideen-asws. He-asws said: ‘By Allah-azwj, he is lying!’ Best of the things is the son, if he were to live, it is a present supplication (Answered), and if he dies, he is a preceding intercessor’’.[310]
وَ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أُصِيبَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَقَالَ كَمَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ- إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ اللَّهُمَّ أْجُرْنِي مِنْ مُصِيبَتِي وَ أَعْقِبْنِي خَيْراً مِنْهُ فَعَلَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ بِهِ
And from Umm Salama-ra: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who is afflicted with a calamity (bereavement), so he says just as Allah-azwj has Commanded him, ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]. O Allah-azwj! Reward me from my calamity, and Replace me better than it’, Allah-azwj will Do that with him’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ قُلْتُهُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ وَ مَنْ مِثْلُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ فَأَعْقَبَنِيَ اللَّهُ بِرَسُولِهِ ص فَتَزَوَّجَنِي.
(Umm Salama-ra) said, ‘When Abu Salama died, I-ra said to him-saww, ‘And who is like Abu Salama?’ (Our) Allah-azwj Replaced him with His-azwj Rasool. He-saww married me-ra’’.[311]
وَ قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ ع مَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ يُصَابُ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَيَسْتَرْجِعُ عِنْدَ مُصِيبَتِهِ إِلَّا غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَا مَضَى مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ.
And Al-Baqir-asws: ‘There is none from a Momin who is afflicted with a calamity in the world, so he says, ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]’, during his calamity, except Allah-azwj will Forgive for him what has passed from his sins’’.[312]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يُصَابُ بِمُصِيبَةٍ وَ إِنْ قَدُمَ عَهْدُهَا فَأَحْدَثَ لَهَا اسْتِرْجَاعاً إِلَّا أَحْدَثَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَنْزِلَةً وَ أَعْطَاهُ مِثْلَ مَا أَعْطَاهُ يَوْمَ أُصِيبَ بِهَا وَ مَا مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘There is none from a Muslim afflicted by a calamity, and if its times arrives, so he initiates the saying of ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]’, except Allah-azwj will Originate status and will Give him similar to what he-azwj will Give him on the day he was afflicted with, and there is none from a bounty.
وَ إِنْ تَقَادَمَ عَهْدُهَا تَذَكَّرَهَا الْعَبْدُ فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ إِلَّا جَدَّدَ اللَّهُ لَهُ ثَوَابَهُ كَيَوْمَ وَجَدَهَا
And if its time comes, the servant remembers it, so he says, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj except Allah-azwj will Renew his Rewards for him like the day he found it’.
وَ قَالَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْمُصِيبَةِ لَتَنْزِلُ بِهِمُ الْمُصِيبَةُ فَيَجْزَعُونَ فَيَمُرُّ بِهِمْ مَارٌّ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَيَسْتَرْجِعُ فَيَكُونُ أَعْظَمَ أَجْراً مِنْ أَهْلِهَا.
And he-saww said: ‘The people of calamity, the calamity descends with them, so they are alarmed, and a passer-by from the people passes by them, so he says, ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]’, he would be of mightier Recompense than its people’.
وَ كَانَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ- الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَجْعَلْ مُصِيبَتِي فِي دِينِي وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَوْ شَاءَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مُصِيبَتِي أَعْظَمَ مِمَّا كَانَتْ لَكَانَتْ
And Abu Abdullah-asws used to say at the calamity: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who did not Make my disobedience to be in my-asws religion, and the Praise is for Allah-azwj Who, had He‑azwj so Desires, my calamities would have been mightier than what were, would have been so’.
وَ كَانَ لِلصَّادِقِ ع ابْنٌ فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يَمْشِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ إِذْ غَصَّ فَمَاتَ فَبَكَى وَ قَالَ لَئِنْ أَخَذْتَ لَقَدْ بَقَّيْتَ وَ لَئِنِ ابْتَلَيْتَ لَقَدْ عَافَيْتَ
And there was a son for Al-Sadiq-asws. While he was walking in front of him-asws, when he choked and died. He-asws cried and said: ‘If you had been Seized you would have remained, and if you had been afflicted, you would have recovered’.
ثُمَّ حَمَلَ إِلَى النِّسَاءِ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَهُ صَرَخْنَ فَأَقْسَمَ عَلَيْهِنَّ أَنْ لَا يَصْرُخْنَ فَلَمَّا أَخْرَجَهُ لِلدَّفْنِ قَالَ سُبْحَانَ مَنْ يَقْتُلُ أَوْلَادَنَا وَ لَا نَزْدَادُ لَهُ إِلَّا حُبّاً
Then he-asws carried (him) to the women. When they saw him, they cried. He-asws vowed upon them that they will not shriek. When he was brought out for the burial, he-asws said: ‘Glory be to the One-azwj Who Kills our-asws children, and we-asws do not increase for Him-azwj except in love.
فَلَمَّا دَفَنَهُ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ وَسَّعَ اللَّهُ فِي ضَرِيحِكَ وَ جَمَعَ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ نَبِيِّكَ
When he-asws buried him, he-asws said: ‘O my-asws son! May Allah-azwj Expand your shrine and Gather between you and your Prophet-saww’.
وَ قَالَ ع إِنَّا قَوْمٌ نَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ مَا نُحِبُّ فِيمَنْ نُحِبُّ فَيُعْطِينَا فَإِذَا أَحَبَّ مَا نَكْرَهُ فِيمَنْ نُحِبُّ رَضِينَا
And he-asws said: ‘We-asws are a people, we-asws ask Allah-azwj regarding the one we-asws love, so He-azwj Gives to us. When He-azwj Loves what we dislike regarding the one we-asws Love, we-asws are satisfied’.
وَ قَالَ ع نَحْنُ صُبَّرٌ وَ شِيعَتُنَا وَ اللَّهِ أَصْبَرُ مِنَّا لِأَنَّا صَبَرْنَا عَلَى مَا عَلِمْنَا وَ صَبَرُوا عَلَى مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا.
And he-asws said: ‘We-asws are patient, and our-asws Shias, by Allah-azwj, are more patient than we-asws are, because we-asws are patient upon what is known, while they are patient upon what they are not knowing’’.[313]
بيان: على ما علمنا أي نزوله قبل وقوعه و ذلك مما يهون المصيبة.
Explanation – ‘Upon what we-asws know’ – i.e., its befalling before its occurrence, and that is from what minimises the calamity.
17- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع يُصْبِحُ الْمُؤْمِنُ حَزِيناً وَ يُمْسِي حَزِيناً وَ لَا يُصْلِحُهُ إِلَّا ذَاكَ وَ سَاعَاتُ الْغُمُومِ كَفَّارَاتُ الذُّنُوبِ.
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘In the morning the Momin grieves and in the evening he grieves, and nothing is correct except that, and the hours of sadness are atonements of the sins’’.[314]
وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَنْ قَصُرَ عُمُرُهُ كَانَتْ مُصِيبَتُهُ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَ مَنْ طَالَ عُمُرُهُ تَوَاتَرَتْ مَصَائِبُهُ وَ رَأَى فِي نَفْسِهِ وَ أَحِبَّائِهِ مَا يَسُوؤُهُ.
And Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘One whose lifespan is short, his calamities would be within himself, and one whose lifespan is prolonged, his calamities would be recurring, and he would see in himself and his loved ones what would worsen him’’.[315]
وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْمُؤْمِنُ صَبُورٌ فِي الشَّدَائِدِ وَقُورٌ فِي الزَّلَازِلِ قَنُوعٌ بِمَا أُوتِيَ لَا يَعْظُمُ عَلَيْهِ الْمَصَائِبُ وَ لَا يَحِيفُ عَلَى مُبْغِضٍ وَ لَا يَأْثَمُ فِي مُحِبٍّ النَّاسُ مِنْهُ فِي رَاحَةٍ وَ النَّفْسُ مِنْهُ فِي شِدَّةٍ.
And Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The Momin patient during the adversities, dignified in the disturbances, contented with what he is given. Neither are the calamities mighty upon him, nor is he unjust to a hater, nor does he sin regarding a loved one. The people are at rest from him, while soul is in hardship from him’’.[316]
وَ قَالَ زَيْنُ الْعَابِدِينَ ع مَا أُصِيبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِمُصِيبَةٍ إِلَّا صَلَّى فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ أَلْفَ رَكْعَةٍ وَ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَى سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً وَ صَامَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ
And Zayn Al-Abideen-asws said: ‘No calamity afflicted Amir Al-Momineen-asws except he-asws prayed during that day a thousand Cycles Salat, and he-asws gave in charity to sixty poor ones, and fasted three months’.
وَ قَالَ لِأَوْلَادِهِ إِذَا أُصِبْتُمْ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَافْعَلُوا بِمِثْلِ مَا أَفْعَلُ فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص هَكَذَا يَفْعَلُ فَاتَّبِعُوا أَثَرَ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَ لَا تُخَالِفُوهُ فَيُخَالِفَ اللَّهُ بِكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ وَ لَمَنْ صَبَرَ وَ غَفَرَ فَإِنَّ ذلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ الْأُمُورِ
And he-asws said to his-asws children: ‘Whenever you are afflicted with a calamity, then do similar to what (I-asws) do, for I-asws have seen Rasool-Allah-saww doing like that, therefore follow the impacts of your Prophet-saww, and do not oppose him-saww, for Allah-azwj will be Opposed to you. Allah-azwj the Exalted Says: And the one who is patient and forgives, surely that is from the matters requiring determination [42:43]’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ زَيْنُ الْعَابِدِينَ ع فَمَا زِلْتُ أَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع.
Then Zayn Al Abideen-asws said: ‘Thus, I-asws have not ceased to do the deeds of Amir Al-Momineen-asws’’.[317]
وَ قَالَ ع الرِّضَا بِالْمَكْرُوهِ أَرْفَعُ دَرَجَاتِ الْمُتَّقِينَ.
And he-asws said: ‘Being satisfied with the abhorrence’s, raises the ranks of the pious ones’’.[318]
وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع الْمَصَائِبُ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ مَقْسُومَةٌ بَيْنَ الْبَرِيَّةِ.
And Amir Al-Momineen-asws: ‘The calamities are with the even distribution between the Created beings’’.[319]
وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ لَمْ يُنْجِهِ الصَّبْرُ أَهْلَكَهُ الْجَزَعُ.
And he-asws said: ‘One whom the patience does not rescue, the panic destroys him’’.[320]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ مُوسَى ع قَالَ يَا رَبِّ دُلَّنِي عَلَى عَمَلٍ إِذَا أَنَا عَمِلْتُهُ نِلْتُ بِهِ رِضَاكَ
And it is reported that Musa-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Point me-as upon a deed, when I-as were to do it, I-as would achieve Your-azwj Satisfaction with it’.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ يَا ابْنَ عِمْرَانَ إِنَّ رِضَايَ فِي كُرْهِكَ وَ لَنْ تُطِيقَ ذَلِكَ
Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as:“O son-as of Imran-as! My-azwj Satisfaction is in your-as dislike, and you-as will never (be able to) endure that!”
قَالَ فَخَرَّ مُوسَى ع سَاجِداً بَاكِياً فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ خَصَصْتَنِي بِالْكَلَامِ وَ لَمْ تُكَلِّمْ بَشَراً قَبْلِي وَ لَمْ تَدُلَّنِي عَلَى عَمَلٍ أَنَالُ بِهِ رِضَاكَ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Musa-as fell down in Sajdah, crying. He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! You-azwj have Particularised me-as with the speech, and You-azwj have not Spoken to a mortal before me-as, and You-azwj did not point upon a deed I-as can achieve Your-azwj Satisfaction with it!’
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ رِضَايَ فِي رِضَاكَ بِقَضَائِي.
Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “My-azwj Satisfaction in your-as being satisfied with My-azwj Decree!”’[321]
18- نَهْجُ الْبَلَاغَةِ، قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ قَدْ عَزَّى الْأَشْعَثَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ عَنِ ابْنٍ لَهُ يَا أَشْعَثُ إِنْ تَحْزَنْ عَلَى ابْنِكَ فَقَدِ اسْتَحَقَّتْ ذَلِكَ مِنْكَ الرَّحِمُ وَ إِنْ تَصْبِرْ فَفِي اللَّهِ مِنْ كُلِّ مُصِيبَةٍ خَلَفٌ
(The book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said, and he-asws was consoling Al-Ashas Bin Qays about a son of his: ‘O Ash’as! If you were to grieve upon your son, that is deserving from you of the kinship, and if you were to be patient, then in Allah-azwj there is a replacement from every calamity.
يَا أَشْعَثُ إِنْ صَبَرْتَ جَرَى عَلَيْكَ الْقَدَرُ وَ أَنْتَ مَأْجُورٌ وَ إِنْ جَزِعْتَ جَرَى عَلَيْكَ الْقَدَرُ وَ أَنْتَ مَأْزُورٌ
O Ash’as! If you were to be patient, the Pre-determination will flow upon you (anyway) and you will be Rewarded, but if you were to be alarmed, the Pre-determination will flow upon you (anyway) and you will be sinful.
سَرَّكَ وَ هُوَ بَلَاءٌ وَ فِتْنَةٌ وَ حَزَنَكَ وَ هُوَ ثَوَابٌ وَ رَحْمَةٌ.
(Your son) cheered you (when he was born), and he was a trial and a Fitna, and he has grieved you (by his death), and it is a Reward and a Mercy’’.[322]
وَ قَالَ ع عَلَى قَبْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص سَاعَةَ دُفِنَ إِنَّ الصَّبْرَ لَجَمِيلٌ إِلَّا عَنْكَ وَ إِنَّ الْجَزَعَ لَقَبِيحٌ إِلَّا عَلَيْكَ وَ إِنَّ الْمُصَابَ بِكَ لَجَلِيلٌ وَ إِنَّهُ قَبْلَكَ وَ بَعْدَكَ لَجَلَلٌ.
And he-asws said at the grave of Rasool-Allah-saww the time he-saww was buried: ‘The patience is beautiful except about you-saww, and the alarm is ugly except upon you-saww, and the calamity with you-saww is majestic, and it was little before you-saww and after you-saww’’.[323]
19- النهج، نهج البلاغة سَمِعَ ع رَجُلًا يَقُولُ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ قَوْلَنَا إِنَّا لِلَّهِ إِقْرَارٌ عَلَى أَنْفُسِنَا بِالْمُلْكِ وَ قَوْلَنَا إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ إِقْرَارٌ عَلَى أَنْفُسِنَا بِالْهُلْكِ.
(The book) ‘Al-Nahj Al-Balagah’ –
‘He-asws, and he-asws had heard a man saying, ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]’. He-asws said: ‘Our words, We are for Allah, is an acknowledgment upon ourselves with the ownership, while our words: and we are returning to Him, is acknowledgment upon ourselves of the perishing (death)’’.[324]
وَ قَالَ ع يَنْزِلُ الصَّبْرُ عَلَى قَدْرِ الْمُصِيبَةِ وَ مَنْ ضَرَبَ يَدَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ عِنْدَ مُصِيبَةٍ حَبِطَ أَجْرُهُ.
‘And he-asws said: ‘The patience descends in accordance to the calamity, and the one who strikes his hand upon his things during his calamity, Rewards of his deeds is nullified’’.[325]
وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ أَصْبَحَ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا حَزِيناً فَقَدْ أَصْبَحَ لِقَضَاءِ اللَّهِ سَاخِطاً وَ مَنْ أَصْبَحَ يَشْكُو مُصِيبَةً نَزَلَتْ بِهِ فَإِنَّمَا يَشْكُو رَبَّهُ
And he-asws said: ‘One who becomes grieving upon the world, so he has become dissatisfied at the Decree of Allah-azwj; and one who becomes complaining of a calamity which had befallen with him, so he has rather becomes complaining of his Lord-azwj’.
وَ عَزَّى ع قَوْماً عَنْ مَيِّتٍ مَاتَ لَهُمْ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ لَيْسَ بِكُمْ بَدْءٌ وَ لَا إِلَيْكُمُ انْتَهَى وَ قَدْ كَانَ صَاحِبُكُمْ هَذَا يُسَافِرُ فَعُدُّوهُ فِي بَعْضِ سَفَرَاتِهِ فَإِنْ قَدِمَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ إِلَّا قَدِمْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ.
And he-asws consoled a people about a deceased of theirs who had died. He-asws said: ‘This matter hasn’t begun with you nor will it end to you, and this companion of yours has travelled. So bid him farewell in one of his journeys. Either he will arrive to you or else you will be joining to him’’.[326]
وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ صَبَرَ صَبْرَ الْأَحْرَارِ وَ إِلَّا سَلَا سُلُوَّ الْأَغْمَارِ.
And he-asws said: ‘One who is patient, is patience of the free ones, or else he should be silent like the silence of the inexperienced ignorant one’’.[327]
وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ إِنَّهُ ع قَالَ لِلْأَشْعَثِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ مُعَزِّياً إِنْ صَبَرْتَ صَبْرَ الْأَكَارِمِ وَ إِلَّا سَلَوْتَ سُلُوَّ الْبَهَائِمِ.
And in another Hadeeth – ‘He–asws said to Al-Ash’as Bin Qays as a consolation (upon the death of his son): ‘Either you be patient like the patience of the honourable (people), or you be silent like the silence of the animals’’.[328]
20- نَهْجُ الْبَلَاغَةِ، وَ دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، قَالَ ع مَنْ عَظَّمَ صِغَارَ الْمَصَائِبِ ابْتَلَاهُ اللَّهُ بِكِبَارِهَا.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’, and ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘He-asws said: ‘One who magnifies the small difficulties, Allah-azwj will Afflict him with its big ones’’.[329]
21- كَنْزُ الْكَرَاجُكِيِّ، رُوِيَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الصَّبْرُ سِتْرٌ مِنَ الْكُرُوبِ وَ عَوْنٌ عَلَى الْخُطُوبِ.
(The book) ‘Kanz’ of Al Karajaky’ –
‘It is reported from Rasool-Allah-saww having said: ‘The patience is a veil (shield) from the sorrows and a support upon the distress’’.[330]
وَ قَالَ ص الصَّبْرُ صَبْرَانِ صَبْرٌ عِنْدَ الْبَلَاءِ وَ أَفْضَلُ مِنْهُ الصَّبْرُ عِنْدَ الْمَحَارِمِ.
And he-saww said: ‘The patience is two (types of) patience – patience upon the affliction, and better than it is the patience from the Prohibitions’’.[331]
وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مِنْ كُنُوزِ الْإِيمَانِ الصَّبْرُ عَلَى الْمُصَابِ.
And Amir Al-Momineen-asws: ‘From the treasures of Eman is the Patience upon the calamities’’.[332]
وَ قَالَ ع الصَّبْرُ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الرَّأْسِ مِنَ الْجَسَدِ وَ لَا إِيمَانَ لِمَنْ لَا صَبْرَ لَهُ.
And he-asws said: ‘The patience from the Eman is as the status of the head from the body, and there is no Eman for the one having no patience for him’’.[333]
وَ قَالَ ع اطْرَحْ عَنْكَ الْهُمُومَ بِعَزَائِمِ الصَّبْرِ وَ حُسْنِ الْيَقِينِ.
And he-asws said: ‘Drop the worries away from you by the determined patience and good certainty’’.[334]
وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ صَبَرَ سَاعَةً حُمِدَ سَاعَاتٍ.
And he-asws said: ‘One who is patient for an hour, would be praised for hours’’.[335]
وَ قَالَ ع الصَّبْرُ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَوْجُهٍ صَبْرٌ عَلَى الْمَعْصِيَةِ وَ صَبْرٌ عَلَى الْمُصِيبَةِ وَ صَبْرٌ عَلَى الطَّاعَةِ.
And he-asws said: ‘The patience is based upon three aspects – patience upon (from) the disobedience, and patience upon the calamity, and patience upon the obedience’’.[336]
وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ جَعَلَ لَهُ الصَّبْرَ وَالِياً لَمْ يَكُنْ بِحَدَثٍ مُبَالِياً.
And he-asws said: ‘One who makes the patience a guardian for him, would not care about an unfortunate incident’’.[337]
22- مُسَكِّنُ الْفُؤَادِ، لِلشَّهِيدِ الثَّانِي قُدِّسَ سِرُّهُ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ تُرِيدُ وَ أُرِيدُ وَ إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ مَا أُرِيدُ فَإِنْ سَلَّمْتَ لِمَا أُرِيدُ كَفَيْتُكَ مَا تُرِيدُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تُسَلِّمْ لِمَا أُرِيدُ أَتْعَبْتُكَ فِيمَا تُرِيدُ ثُمَّ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا مَا أُرِيدُ.
(The book) ‘Musakkin Al Fuwad’ of the Shaheed Al Sany, may his soul be sanctified –
‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to Dawood-as: ‘You-as want, and I-azwj Want, and rather it will happen what I-azwj Want. If you-as were to submit to what I-azwj Want, it would suffice you-as of what you-as want, and if you-as don’t submit to what I-azwj Want, I-saww shall tire you-as regarding what you-as want, then it will not happen except what I-azwj Want!”’[338]
وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الصَّبْرُ نِصْفُ الْإِيمَانِ.
And it is reported from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘The patience is half the Eman’’.[339]
وَ قَالَ ص مِنْ أَقَلِّ مَا أُوتِيتُمُ الْيَقِينُ وَ عَزِيمَةُ الصَّبْرِ وَ مَنْ أُعْطِيَ حَظَّهُ مِنْهُمَا لَمْ يُبَالِ مَا فَاتَهُ مِنْ قِيَامِ اللَّيْلِ وَ صِيَامِ النَّهَارِ
And he-saww said: ‘From the scarcest of what you have been Given, is the certainty and the determined patience, and the one who is Given his share from these two would not care what has been missed by him, from standing at night (for Salat), and fasting the day.
وَ لَأَنْ تَصْبِرُوا عَلَى مِثْلِ مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ يُوَافِيَنِي كُلُّ امْرِئٍ مِنْكُمْ بِمِثْلِ عَمَلِ جَمِيعِكُمْ وَ لَكِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يُفْتَحَ عَلَيْكُمُ الدُّنْيَا بَعْدِي فَيُنْكِرَ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضاً وَ يُنْكِرَكُمْ أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ
And because your being patience upon the likes of what you are upon is more beloved to me‑asws than if every person from you were to be fulfil to be with the likes of the deeds of all of you, but I-asws fear that the world might open upon you after me-saww so you will be denying each other and the inhabitants will be denying you during that.
فَمَنْ صَبَرَ وَ احْتَسَبَ ظَفِرَ بِكَمَالِ ثَوَابِهِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ ما عِنْدَكُمْ يَنْفَدُ وَ ما عِنْدَ اللَّهِ باقٍ وَ لَنَجْزِيَنَّ الَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا أَجْرَهُمْ الْآيَةَ-.
The one who is patient and anticipates will win with the perfection of his Rewards’. Then he‑asws recited: What is with you would deplete, and what is with Allah would remain, and We will Recompense those who were patient, being their Recompense [16:96] – the Verse’’.[340]
وَ سُئِلَ ع مَا الْإِيمَانُ قَالَ الصَّبْرُ.
And he-asws was asked, ‘What is the Eman?’ He-asws said: ‘The patience’’.[341]
وَ قَالَ ص الصَّبْرُ كَنْزٌ مِنْ كُنُوزِ الْجَنَّةِ.
And he-saww said: ‘The patience is a treasure from the treasures of Paradise’’.[342]
وَ قِيلَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى دَاوُدَ ع تَخَلَّقْ بِأَخْلَاقِي وَ إِنَّ مِنْ أَخْلَاقِي الصَّبْرَ.
And it was said, ‘Allah-azwj Revealed to Dawood-as: ‘Conduct with My-azwj Manners, and from My-azwj Manners is the patience!”’[343]
وَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ لَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ أَ مُؤْمِنُونَ أَنْتُمْ
And from Ibn Abbas,
‘When Rasool-Allah-saww entered to see the Helpers, he-saww said: ‘Are you Momineen?’
فَسَكَتُوا فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
They were silent. A man from them said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
فَقَالَ وَ مَا عَلَامَةُ إِيمَانِكُمْ
He-saww said: ‘And what is a sign of your Eman?’
فَقَالُوا نَشْكُرُ عَلَى الرَّخَاءِ وَ نَصْبِرُ عَلَى الْبَلَاءِ وَ نَرْضَى بِالْقَضَاءِ
They said, ‘We thank upon the prosperity, and we are patient upon the afflictions, and we are satisfied with the Decree (of Allah-azwj)’.
فَقَالَ مُؤْمِنُونَ وَ رَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ.
He-asws said: ‘Momineen, by Lord-azwj of the Kabah!’’[344]
وَ قَالَ ص فِي الصَّبْرِ عَلَى مَا نَكْرَهُ خَيْرٌ كَثِيرٌ.
And he-saww said regarding the patience: ‘There is a lot of good upon what we dislike’’.[345]
وَ قَالَ الْمَسِيحُ ع إِنَّكُمْ لَا تُدْرِكُونَ مَا تُحِبُّونَ إِلَّا بِصَبْرِكُمْ عَلَى مَا تَكْرَهُونَ.
And the Messiah-as said: ‘You will not be realising what you love except with being patient upon what you dislike’’.[346]
وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع بُنِيَ الْإِيمَانُ عَلَى أَرْبَعِ دَعَائِمَ الْيَقِينِ وَ الصَّبْرِ وَ الْجِهَادِ وَ الْعَدْلِ.
And Ali-asws said: ‘The Eman is built upon four pillars – the certainty, and the patience, and the struggle, and the justice’’.[347]
وَ قَالَ ع الصَّبْرُ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الرَّأْسِ مِنَ الْجَسَدِ وَ لَا جَسَدَ لِمَنْ لَا رَأْسَ لَهُ وَ لَا إِيمَانَ لِمَنْ لَا صَبْرَ لَهُ.
And he-asws said: ‘The patience from the Eman is at the status of the head from the body, and there is no body for the one having no head for him, nor any Eman for the one having no patience for him’’.[348]
وَ قَالَ ع عَلَيْكُمْ بِالصَّبْرِ فَإِنَّ بِهِ يَأْخُذُ الْحَازِمُ وَ إِلَيْهِ يَعُودُ الْجَازِعُ.
And he-asws said: ‘Upon you all is with being patient, for the determined one takes with it and the panicky one returns to it’’.[349]
وَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: إِنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ شَجَرَةً يُقَالُ لَهَا شَجَرَةُ الْبَلْوَى يُؤْتَى بِأَهْلِ الْبَلَاءِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلَا يُرْفَعُ لَهُمْ دِيوَانٌ وَ لَا يُنْصَبُ لَهُمْ مِيزَانٌ يُصَبُّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَجْرُ صَبّاً
And from Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘There is a tree in the Paradise called ‘The tree of affliction’. The people of afflictions will be brought on the Day of Qiyamah, so neither will a register (of deeds) be raised for them, nor will a scale be set-up for them, and the Recompense will be poured upon them’.
وَ قَرَأَ إِنَّما يُوَفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ.
And he-saww recited: But rather, the patient ones would be fulfilled their Recompense without Reckoning’ [39:10]’’.[350]
وَ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: مَا مِنْ جُرْعَةٍ أَحَبَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ جُرْعَةِ غَيْظٍ كَظَمَهَا رَجُلٌ أَوْ جُرْعَةِ صَبْرٍ عَلَى مُصِيبَةٍ وَ مَا مِنْ قَطْرَةٍ أَحَبَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ قَطْرَةِ دَمْعٍ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ أَوْ قَطْرَةِ دَمٍ أُهَرِيقَتْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ.
And from him-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘There is not gulp more Beloved to Allah‑azwj the Exalted than a gulp of swallowing the rage by an angry man, or a gulp of patience upon a calamity; and there is none from a drop more Beloved to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic than a drop of tears from fearing Allah-azwj, or a blood spilt in the Way of Allah-azwj’’.[351]
وَ عَنْ زَيْنِ الْعَابِدِينَ ع قَالَ: إِذَا جَمَعَ اللَّهُ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ الْآخِرِينَ يُنَادِي مُنَادٍ أَيْنَ الصَّابِرُونَ لِيَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ جَمِيعاً بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
And from Zayn Al-Abideen-asws having said: ‘When Allah-azwj Gathers the former ones and the latter ones, a caller will call out: ‘Where are the patient ones! Let them enter the Paradise together without any Reckoning!’’
قَالَ فَيَقُومُ عُنُقٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَتَتَلَقَّاهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ فَيَقُولُونَ إِلَى أَيْنَ يَا بَنِي آدَمَ فَيَقُولُونَ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ
He-asws said: ‘Necks of people will arise. The Angels will meet them saying: ‘To where, O sons of Adam-as?’ They would say, ‘To the Paradise’.
فَيَقُولُونَ وَ قَبْلَ الْحِسَابِ فَقَالُوا نَعَمْ
They will say, ‘And before the Reckoning?’ They would say, ‘Yes’.
قَالُوا وَ مَنْ أَنْتُمْ قَالُوا الصَّابِرُونَ
They will say, ‘And who are you all?’ They would say, ‘The patient ones’.
قَالُوا وَ مَا كَانَ صَبْرُكُمْ قَالُوا صَبَرْنَا عَلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَ صَبَرْنَا عَنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى تَوَفَّانَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
They will say, ‘And what was your patience?’ They would say, ‘We were patient upon obedience of Allah-azwj, and we were patient upon (from) disobedience of Allah-azwj until Allah‑azwj Mighty and Majestic Caused us to die’.
قَالُوا أَنْتُمْ كَمَا قُلْتُمْ ادْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ- فَنِعْمَ أَجْرُ الْعامِلِينَ.
They will say, ‘You are just as you are saying. Enter the Paradise! best is the Recompense of the workers’ [39:74]’’.[352]
وَ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: ثَلَاثٌ مَنْ رُزِقَهُنَّ فَقَدْ رُزِقَ خَيْرَ الدَّارَيْنِ الرِّضَا بِالْقَضَاءِ وَ الصَّبْرُ عَلَى الْبَلَاءِ وَ الدُّعَاءُ فِي الرَّخَاءِ.
And from Ibn Masoud,
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Three, one who is Graced these, he has been Graced good of the two houses (world and Hereafter) – the satisfaction with the Decree, and the patience upon the affliction, and the supplication during the prosperity’’.[353]
وَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ يَا غُلَامُ أَوْ يَا غُلَيْمُ أَ لَا أُعَلِّمُكَ كَلِمَاتٍ يَنْفَعُكَ اللَّهُ بِهِنَّ
And from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘I was in the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww. He-saww said: ‘O slave!’ (or said: ‘O boy!’) – ‘Shall I‑saww teach you phrases Allah-azwj will Cause you to benefit by these?’
فَقُلْتُ بَلَى
I said, ‘Yes’.
فَقَالَ احْفَظِ اللَّهَ يَحْفَظْكَ احْفَظِ اللَّهَ تَجِدْهُ أَمَامَكَ تَعَرَّفْ إِلَى اللَّهِ فِي الرَّخَاءِ يَعْرِفْكَ فِي الشِّدَّةِ إِذَا سَأَلْتَ فَاسْأَلِ اللَّهَ فَإِذَا اسْتَعَنْتَ فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللَّهِ
He-saww said: ‘Guard (yourself for) Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj will Guard you. You will find Him-azwj in front of you. Familiarise to Allah-azwj during the prosperity, He-azwj will Familiarise with you during the adversity. When you ask, then ask Allah-azwj. When you seek assistance, seek Assistance with Allah-azwj.
وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ فِي الصَّبْرِ عَلَى مَا نَكْرَهُ خَيْراً كَثِيراً وَ أَنَّ النَّصْرَ مَعَ الصَّبْرِ وَ أَنَّ الْفَرَجَ مَعَ الْكَرْبِ وَ أَنَ مَعَ الْعُسْرِ يُسْراً.
And know that in the patience upon what we dislike, there is a lot of good, and the Help is with the patience, and the relief is with the distress, and with the difficulty, there is ease’’.[354]
وَ عَنْهُ ع إِذَا أُدْخِلَ الرَّجُلُ الْقَبْرَ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ الزَّكَاةُ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ وَ الْبِرُّ يُظَلِّلُ عَلَيْهِ وَ الصَّبْرُ نَاحِيَةً يَقُولُ دُونَكُمْ صَاحِبِي فَإِنِّي مِنْ وَرَائِهِ يَعْنِي إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ أَنْ تَدْفَعُوا عَنْهُ الْعَذَابَ وَ إِلَّا فَأَنَا أَكْفِيكُمْ ذَلِكَ وَ أَدْفَعُ عَنْهُ الْعَذَابَ.
And from him-asws: ‘When the man is entered into the grave, the Salat will stand on his right, and the Zakat on his left, and the acts of righteousness will shade upon him, and the patience would be in a corner saying, ‘Away from my companion, for I am from behind him (as support), meaning I am capable of defending him from the Punishment, or else I shall suffice you all of that and defend him from the Punishment!’’[355]
وَ عَنْهُ ع عَجَباً لِأَمْرِ الْمُؤْمِنِ إِنَّ أَمْرَهُ كُلَّهُ لَهُ خَيْرٌ وَ لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ لِأَحَدٍ إِلَّا لِلْمُؤْمِنِ إِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ سَرَّاءُ شَكَرَ فَكَانَ خَيْراً لَهُ وَ إِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ ضَرَّاءُ صَبَرَ فَكَانَ خَيْراً لَهُ.
And from him-asws: ‘Surprise at the affair of the Momin! The matters, of it is are good for him, and it isn’t like that except for the Momin. If happiness hits him, he thanks, so it would be good for him, and if harm hits him, he is patient, so it would be good for him’’.[356]
وَ عَنْهُ ص الصَّبْرُ خَيْرُ مَرْكَبٍ مَا رَزَقَ اللَّهُ عَبْداً خَيْراً لَهُ وَ لَا أَوْسَعَ مِنَ الصَّبْرِ-.
And from him-saww: ‘The patience is best of the installation what Allah-azwj can Grace a servant, being good for him and there is nothing vaster than the patience’.
وَ سُئِلَ ص هَلْ مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
And he-saww was asked, ‘Is there any man who would enter the Paradise without any Reckoning?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ كُلُّ رَحِيمٍ صَبُورٍ.
He-saww said: ‘Yes, every merciful, patient one’’.[357]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ الْحُرَّ حُرٌّ عَلَى جَمِيعِ أَحْوَالِهِ إِنْ نَابَتْهُ نَائِبَةٌ صَبَرَ لَهَا وَ إِنْ تَدَاكَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الْمَصَائِبُ لَمْ تَكْسِرْهُ وَ إِنْ أُسِرَ وَ قُهِرَ وَ اسْتُبْدِلَ بِالْيُسْرِ عُسْراً
And from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘The free (person) is free upon entirety of his situations, and if a disaster strikes him, he is patient to him, and if the calamities pound upon him they do not break him, and even if he is bankrupt, and subdued, and his ease is replaced by difficulty.
كَمَا كَانَ يُوسُفُ الصِّدِّيقُ الْأَمِينُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يَضْرُرْ حُرِّيَّتَهُ أَنِ اسْتُعْبِدَ وَ قُهِرَ وَ لَمْ تَضْرُرْهُ ظُلْمَةُ الْجُبِّ وَ وَحْشَتُهُ وَ مَا نَالَهُ
(It was) like what Yusuf-as had been, the truthful, the trusted, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj upon him-as, his-as freedom was not harmed by being enslave, and he-as was subdues, and the darkness of the well and it’s loneliness did not harm him-as, and whatever he-as had faced.
أَنْ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَجَعَلَ الْجَبَّارَ الْعَاتِيَ لَهُ عَبْداً بَعْدَ أَنْ كَانَ مَالِكاً فَأَرْسَلَهُ وَ رَحِمَ بِهِ أُمُّهُ وَ كَذَلِكَ الصَّبْرُ يُعْقِبُ خَيْراً فَاصْبِرُوا وَ وَطِّئُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ عَلَى الصَّبْرِ تُؤْجَرُوا.
Allah-azwj Conferred upon him-saww. He-azwj Made the tyrant, the obstinate as a slave of his-as after his having been a king. He-as sent him (the former king) and had mercy on his mother by him, and the patience is like that, resulting in goodness. Therefore, be patient and tread yourselves upon the patience, you will be Rewarded’’.[358]
23- الْمُسَكِّنُ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ الصَّبْرُ ثَلَاثَةٌ صَبْرٌ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ وَ صَبْرٌ عَلَى الطَّاعَةِ وَ صَبْرٌ عَنِ الْمَعْصِيَةِ
(The book) ‘Al Musakkin’ –
‘From Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The patience is three (types) – patience at the calamity, and patience upon the obedience, and patience from the disobedience.
فَمَنْ صَبَرَ عَلَى الْمُصِيبَةِ حَتَّى يَرُدَّهَا بِحُسْنِ عَزَائِهَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ ثَلَاثَمِائَةِ دَرَجَةٍ مَا بَيْنَ الدَّرَجَةِ إِلَى الدَّرَجَةِ كَمَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ
The one who is patience upon the calamity until he returns it with goodness of its consolation, Allah-azwj would Write three hundred ranks for him, what is between the rank to the rank, like what is between the sky to the earth.
وَ مَنْ صَبَرَ عَلَى الطَّاعَةِ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ سِتَّ مِائَةِ دَرَجَةٍ مَا بَيْنَ الدَّرَجَةِ إِلَى الدَّرَجَةِ كَمَا بَيْنَ تُخُومِ الْأَرْضِ إِلَى الْعَرْشِ
And the one who is patient upon the obedience, Allah-azwj will Write six hundred ranks for him, what is between the rank to the rank, like what is between start of the earth to the Throne.
وَ مَنْ صَبَرَ عَنِ الْمَعْصِيَةِ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ تِسْعَمِائَةِ دَرَجَةٍ مَا بَيْنَ الدَّرَجَةِ إِلَى الدَّرَجَةِ كَمَا بَيْنَ تُخُومِ الْأَرْضِ إِلَى مُنْتَهَى الْعَرْشِ.
And the one who is patient upon the disobedience, Allah-azwj will Write nine hundred ranks for him, what is between the rank to the rank like what is between the stars of the earth to the end-point of the Throne’’.[359]
وَ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجَةِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَتْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ تُصِيبُهُ مُصِيبَةٌ فَيَقُولُ مَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ اللَّهُمَّ أْجُرْنِي فِي مُصِيبَتِي وَ أَخْلِفْ عَلَيَّ خَيْراً مِنْهَا إِلَّا آجَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي مُصِيبَتِهِ وَ أَخْلَفَ لَهُ خَيْراً مِنْهَا
And from Umm Salama-ra, wife-ra of the Prophet-saww. She-ra said: ‘I-ra heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘There is none from a Muslim hit by a calamity, so he says what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Commanded him: We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]. O Allah‑azwj! Rescue me in my calamity, and Replace upon me better than it’, except Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will Rescue him in his calamity and Replace for him better than it’.
قَالَتْ فَلَمَّا مَاتَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قُلْتُ وَ أَيُّ رَجُلٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ أَوَّلِ بَيْتٍ هَاجَرَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ إِنِّي قُلْتُهَا فَأَخْلَفَ اللَّهُ لِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص
She-ra said: ‘When Abu Salama, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with him, died, I-ra said: ‘And which man is better than Abu Salama-ra? The first household to emigrate to Rasool-Allah-saww!’ I-ra said it, so Allah-azwj Replaced (him) for me-ra with Rasool-Allah-saww’.
قَالَتْ أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِحَاطِبِ بْنِ أَبِي بَلْتَعَةَ يَخْطُبُنِي فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ لِي بِنْتاً وَ أَنَا غَيُورٌ
She-ra said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww sent a message with Hatib Bin Abu Balta’ah to propose to me-ra. I-ra said to him: ‘There is a daughter for me-ra, and I-ra have self-esteem’.
فَقَالَ أَمَّا بِنْتُهَا فَأَدْعُو اللَّهَ أَنْ يُغْنِيَهَا عَنْهَا وَ أَدْعُو اللَّهَ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ بِالْغَيْرَةِ عَنْهَا
He-saww said: ‘As for her daughter, I-saww supplicate to Allah-azwj to Make her needless of her-ra, and I-saww supplicate to Allah-azwj to Remove the jealousy from her-ra!’
وَ فِي آخَرَ قَالَتْ أَتَانِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ يَوْماً مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَوْلًا سُرِرْتُ بِهِ قَالَ لَا يُصِيبُ أَحَداً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مُصِيبَةٌ فَيَسْتَرْجِعُ عِنْدَ مُصِيبَتِهِ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ أْجُرْنِي فِي مُصِيبَتِي وَ أَخْلِفْ لِي خَيْراً مِنْهَا إِلَّا فُعِلَ ذَلِكَ بِهِ
And in the end, she-ra said: ‘One day Abu Salama had come to me-ra from the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww. He said, ‘I heard a word from Rasool-Allah-saww I was cheered by it. He-saww said: ‘No one from the Muslims will be afflicted by a calamity, so he says, ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]’, and he says, ‘O Allah-azwj! Rescue me in my calamity and Replace for me better than it, except He-azwj will Do that with him’.
قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَحَفِظْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ اسْتَرْجَعْتُ وَ قُلْتُ اللَّهُمَّ أْجُرْنِي فِي مُصِيبَتِي وَ أَخْلِفْ لِي خَيْراً مِنْهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ إِلَى نَفْسِي فَقُلْتُ مِنْ أَيْنَ لِي خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ
Umm Salama-ra said: ‘I memorised that from him. When Abu Salama died, I-ra said, ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]’, and I-ra said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Rescue me in my-ra calamity and Replace for me-ra better than him!’ Then I-ra retracted to myself-ra. I-ra said: ‘From where can there be anyone better than Abu Salama?’
فَلَمَّا انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتِي اسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَنَا أَدْبُغُ إِهَاباً لِي فَغَسَلْتُ يَدِي مِنَ الْقَرَظِ وَ أَذِنْتُ لَهُ فَوَضَعْتُ لَهُ وِسَادَةً مِنْ أَدَمٍ حَشْوُهَا لِيفٌ
When I-ra had fulfilled my-ra waiting period, Rasool-Allah-saww sought permission to see me-ra and I-ra was tanning a cow skin of mine-ra, so I-ra washed my-ra hands from the dirt and permitted for him-saww. I-ra placed for him-saww a skin pillow stuffed with fibre.
فَقَعَدَ عَلَيْهَا فَخَطَبَنِي إِلَى نَفْسِي فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ مَقَالَتِهِ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مَا بِي إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ بِكَ الرَّغْبَةُ وَ لَكِنِّي امْرَأَةٌ فِيَّ غَيْرَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ فَأَخَافُ أَنْ تَرَى مِنِّي شَيْئاً يُعَذِّبُنِي اللَّهُ بِهِ وَ أَنَا امْرَأَةٌ قَدْ دَخَلْتُ فِي السِّنِّ وَ أَنَا ذَاتُ عِيَالٍ
He-saww sat upon it. He-saww proposed to me-ra. When he-saww was free from his-saww words, I-ra said: ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! There is nothing with me-ra except the desire for you-saww, but I-ra am a woman of intense self-esteem, so I-ra fear that you-saww might see from me-ra something Allah-azwj would Punish me-ra due to it, and I-ra am a woman who has entered into the years (old age), and I-ra am with dependants’.
فَقَالَ أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتِ مِنَ السِّنِّ فَقَدْ أَصَابَنِي مِثْلُ الَّذِي أَصَابَكِ وَ أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتِ مِنَ الْعِيَالِ فَإِنَّمَا عِيَالُكِ عِيَالِي
He-saww said: ‘As for what you-ra mentioned of the years (age), it has hit me-saww similar to what has hit you-ra, and as for what you-ra mentioned of the dependants, rather your-ra dependants are my-saww dependants’.
قَالَتْ فَقَدْ سَلَّمْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص
She-ra said: ‘I-ra hereby submit to Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَتَزَوَّجَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَدْ أَبْدَلَنِيَ اللَّهُ بِأَبِي سَلَمَةَ خَيْراً مِنْهُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص.
Rasool-Allah-saww married her-ra. Umm Salama-ra said: ‘Allah-azwj has Replaced Abu Salama for me-ra better than him, Rasool-Allah-saww!’’[360]
24- الْمُسَكِّنُ وَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ لِلْمَوْتِ فَزَعاً فَإِذَا أَتَى أَحَدَكُمْ وَفَاةُ أَخِيهِ فَلْيَقُلْ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ- وَ إِنَّا إِلى رَبِّنا لَمُنْقَلِبُونَ اللَّهُمَّ اكْتُبْهُ عِنْدَكَ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ وَ اجْعَلْ كِتَابَهُ فِي عِلِّيِّينَ وَ اخْلُفْ عَلَى عَقِبِهِ فِي الْآخِرِينَ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَحْرِمْنَا أَجْرَهُ وَ لَا تَفْتِنَّا بَعْدَهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Musakkin’ – from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘For the death there is panic. Whenever it comes to one of you (news of) death of his brother, let him say, ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156] And we would be returning to our Lord’ [43:14]. O Allah-azwj! Write in Your-azwj Presences as being from the good doers, and Make his book to be in the Illiyeen, and Replace upon his posterity in the latter ones. O Allah-azwj! Do not Deprive us of its Recompense, nor Tempt us after him!’’[361]
وَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ: مَنْ أَصَابَتْهُ مُصِيبَةٌ فَقَالَ إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ جَدَّدَ اللَّهُ لَهُ أَجْرَهَا مِثْلَ مَا كَانَ لَهُ يَوْمَ أَصَابَتْهُ.
And from Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘One whom a calamity afflicts, so he says when he remembers it, We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156], Allah-azwj will Renew its Reward for him like what had been for him on the day it had afflicted him’’.[362]
25- الْمُسَكِّنُ عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الصَّبْرَ وَ الْبَلَاءَ يَسْتَبِقَانِ إِلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ فَيَأْتِيهِ الْبَلَاءُ وَ هُوَ صَبُورٌ وَ إِنَّ الْجَزَعَ وَ الْبَلَاءَ يَسْتَبِقَانِ إِلَى الْكَافِرِ فَيَأْتِيهِ الْبَلَاءُ وَ هُوَ جَزُوعٌ.
(The book) ‘Al Musakkin’ – from Rabie Bin Abdullah,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The patience and the affliction compete to the Momin. The afflictions come to him, and he is patient; and the panic and the affliction compete to the Kafir. The affliction comes to him, and he panics’’.[363]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي مَيْسَرَةَ قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَجَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ وَ شَكَا إِلَيْهِ مُصِيبَتَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمَا إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَصْبِرْ تُؤْجَرْ وَ إِنْ لَا تَصْبِرْ يَمْضِ عَلَيْكَ قَدَرُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِي قَدَّرَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ وَ أَنْتَ مَذْمُومٌ.
And from Abu Muyassara who said,
‘We were in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws. A man came to him-asws and complained to him-asws of his calamities. As for you, if you were to be patient you will be Rewarded, and if you are not patient, the Pre-determination of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will be implemented upon you, that which Allah-azwj has Pre-determined upon you, and you will be condemned’’.[364]
و كان أبو ذر رضي الله عنه لا يعيش له ولد فقيل له إنك امرؤ لا يبقى لك ولد فقال الحمد لله الذي يأخذهم في دار الفناء و يدخرهم في دار البقاء.
And Abu Zarr-ra, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with him-ra, there did not live any son for him-ra. It was said to him-ra, ‘You-ra are a person, there does not remain any son for you-ra’. He-ra said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Takes them from the perishable house and Treasures them in the ever-lasting House’’.[365]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ قَوْماً كَانُوا عِنْدَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَاسْتَعْجَلَ خَادِماً بِشِوَاءٍ فِي التَّنُّورِ فَأَقْبَلَ بِهِ مُسْرِعاً فَسَقَطَ السَّفُّودُ مِنْ يَدِهِ عَلَى ابْنٍ لَهُ ع فَأَصَابَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ
And it is reported that a group of people were in the presence of Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws. A servant was hasty with a grill in the oven. He came with it quickly and the skewer fell from his hand upon a son of his-asws. It hit his head and killed him.
فَوَثَبَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع فَلَمَّا رَأَى ابْنَهُ مَيِّتاً قَالَ لِلْغُلَامِ أَنْتَ حُرٌّ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ أَمَا إِنَّكَ لَمْ تَتَعَمَّدْهُ وَ أَخَذَ فِي جَهَازِ ابْنِهِ.
Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws leapt up. When he-asws saw his-asws son dead, he-asws said to the slave: ‘You are free for the Face of Allah-azwj! As for you, you have not deliberated it’, and he-asws undertook in preparation of his-asws son (funeral)’’.[366]
وَ رَوَى الصَّدُوقُ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا مَاتَ ذَرُّ بْنُ أَبِي ذَرٍّ وَقَفَ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ وَ مَسَحَ الْقَبْرَ بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ يَا ذَرُّ وَ اللَّهِ إِنْ كُنْتَ بِي لَبَرّاً وَ لَقَدْ قُبِضْتَ وَ إِنِّي عَنْكَ رَاضٍ
And it is reported by Al Sadouq,
‘When Zarr, son of Abu Zarr-ra died, he-ra stood at his grave and wiped the grave with his-ra hand. Then he-ra said: ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you, O Zarr! By Allah-azwj, you had been righteous with me-ra, and you have passed away, and I-asws am satisfied with you.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا بِي فَقْدُكَ وَ لَا عَلَيَّ مِنْ غَضَاضَةٍ وَ مَا لِي إِلَى أَحَدٍ سِوَى اللَّهِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ وَ لَوْ لَا هَوْلُ الْمُطَّلَعِ لَسَرَّنِي أَنْ أَكُونَ مَكَانَكَ وَ قَدْ شَغَلَنِي الْحُزْنُ لَكَ عَنِ الْحُزْنِ عَلَيْكَ
By Allah-azwj! There is no resentment with me-ra of your loss, nor upon me-ra, and there is no need for me to anyone apart from Allah-azwj, and had it not been for the emerging horror, it would have cheered me-asws to be in your place, and the grief for you has pre-occupied me-ra from grieving upon you.
وَ اللَّهِ مَا بَكَيْتُ لَكَ بَلْ بَكَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ فَلَيْتَ شِعْرِي مَا قُلْتَ وَ مَا قِيلَ لَكَ
By Allah-azwj! I-ra am not crying for you, but I-ra am crying upon you. I-ra wish I-ra knew what to say or what is being said to you.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي وَهَبْتُ مَا افْتَرَضْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ حَقِّي فَهَبْ لَهُ مَا افْتَرَضْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ حَقِّكَ فَأَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِالْجُودِ مِنِّي وَ الْكَرَمِ.
O Allah-azwj! I-ra have gifted (forgiven) what You-azwj has Obligated upon him of my-ra right, so Gift (Forgive) what You-azwj had Obligated upon him of Your-azwj right, for You-azwj are more rightful with the generosity and the benevolence’’.[367]
26- الْمُسَكِّنُ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِذَا أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ عَبْداً ابْتَلَاهُ فَإِنْ صَبَرَ اجْتَبَاهُ وَ إِنْ رَضِيَ اصْطَفَاهُ.
(The book) ‘Musakkin’ –
‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘When Allah-azwj Loves a servant, Tries him. If he is patient, He-azwj will Select him, and if he is satisfied, He-azwj will Choose him’’.[368]
وَ قَالَ ص أَعْطُوا اللَّهَ الرِّضَا مِنْ قُلُوبِكُمْ تَظْفَرُوا بِثَوَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى يَوْمَ فَقْرِكُمْ وَ الْإِفْلَاسِ.
And he-saww said: ‘Give Allah-azwj the satisfaction from your hearts, you will succeed with Rewards of Allah-azwj the Exalted on a Day of your poverty and bankruptcy’’.[369]
وَ فِي أَخْبَارِ مُوسَى ع أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا اسْأَلْ لَنَا رَبَّكَ أَمْراً إِذَا نَحْنُ فَعَلْنَاهُ يَرْضَى بِهِ عَنَّا
And in Ahadeeth of Musa-as, ‘They said, ‘Ask your-as Lord-azwj a matter when we were to do it, He-azwj will be Satisfied with us!’
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ قُلْ لَهُمْ يَرْضَوْنَ عَنِّي حَتَّى أَرْضَى عَنْهُمْ.
Allah-azwj the Exalted Revealed to him-as: “Tell them to be satisfied with Me-azwj until I-azwj am Satisfied with them!”’[370]
وَ فِي أَخْبَارِ دَاوُدَ ع مَا لِأَوْلِيَائِي وَ الْهَمَّ بِالدُّنْيَا إِنَّ الْهَمَّ يُذْهِبُ حَلَاوَةَ مُنَاجَاتِي مِنْ قُلُوبِهِمْ يَا دَاوُدُ إِنَّ مَحَبَّتِي مِنْ أَوْلِيَائِي أَنْ يَكُونُوا رُوحَانِيِّينَ لَا يَغْتَمُّونَ.
And in Ahadeeth of Dawood-as: ‘What is for My-azwj friends and the worries of the world? The worries do away with sweetness of whisperings (to Allah-azwj) from their hearts. O Dawood-as! My-azwj love from My-azwj friends, if they happen to be spiritualist, they will not grieve!”’
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ مُوسَى ع قَالَ: يَا رَبِّ دُلَّنِي عَلَى أَمْرٍ فِيهِ رِضَاكَ عَنِّي أَعْمَلْهُ
And it is reported that Musa-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Point me upon a matter wherein is Your-azwj Satisfaction, I-as can do it’.
فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ رِضَايَ فِي كُرْهِكَ وَ أَنْتَ مَا تَصْبِرُ عَلَى مَا تَكْرَهُ
Allah-azwj Revealed to him-as: “My-azwj Satisfaction is in your-as dislike, and you-as, for as long as you-saww are patient upon what you-as dislike!”
قَالَ يَا رَبِّ دُلَّنِي عَلَيْهِ
He-as said: ‘O Lord-azwj! Pont me-as upon it!’
قَالَ فَإِنَّ رِضَايَ فِي رِضَاكَ بِقَضَائِي.
He-azwj Said: “My-azwj Satisfaction in your-as being satisfied with My-azwj Decree!”’[371]
وَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ زُرْبِيٍّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ ذَكَرَ مُصِيبَةً وَ لَوْ بَعْدَ حِينٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ- الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ اللَّهُمَّ أْجُرْنِي عَلَى مُصِيبَتِي وَ أَخْلِفْ عَلَيَّ أَفْضَلَ مِنْهَا- كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مِثْلُ مَا كَانَ عِنْدَ أَوَّلِ صَدْمَةٍ.
And from Dawood Bin Zurby,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘One who remembers a calamity, and even if it be after a time, so he says, ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156], The Praise is for Allah the Lord of the Worlds [1:2]. O Allah-azwj! Reward me upon my calamity and Replace upon me better than it!’ – for him would be the Rewards like what had been at the beginning of the shock’’.[372]
وَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي مَرَضِ مَوْتِهِ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ مِنْ أُمَّتِي أُصِيبَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ مِنْ بَعْدِي فَلْيَتَعَزَّ بِمُصِيبَتِهِ بِي عَنِ الْمُصِيبَةِ الَّتِي تُصِيبُهُ بِغَيْرِي فَإِنَّ أَحَداً مِنْ أُمَّتِي لَنْ يُصَابَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ بَعْدِي أَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مُصِيبَتِي.
And from the Prophet-saww having said during his-saww fatal illness: ‘O you people! A servant from my-saww community is afflicted with a calamity from after me-saww, let him be consoled with his calamity with (having lost) me-saww, from the calamity which has afflicted him with others, for no one from my-saww community will ever be afflicted with a calamity (bereavement) after me-saww, severer upon him that my-saww calamity (bereavement)’’.[373]
وَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا أُصِيبَ عَلِيٌّ ع بَعَثَنِي الْحَسَنُ إِلَى الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَ هُوَ بِالْمَدَائِنِ فَلَمَّا قَرَأَ الْكِتَابَ قَالَ يَا لَهَا مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ مَا أَعْظَمَهَا مَعَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ مَنْ أُصِيبَ مِنْكُمْ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَلْيَذْكُرْ مُصَابِي فَإِنَّهُ لَنْ يُصَابَ بِمُصِيبَةٍ أَعْظَمَ مِنْهَا.
And from Abdullah Bin Al Waleed, by his chain, said,
‘When Ali-asws was killed, Al-Hassan-asws sent me to Al-Husayn-asws, and he-asws was at Al-Madain. When he-asws read the letter, he-asws said: ‘O the calamity of it! How mighty it is, along with that Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One from you who is afflicted with a calamity, let him remember my-saww calamity, for he will never be afflicted with a calamity mightier than it!’’[374]
وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يَا إِسْحَاقُ لَا تَعُدَّنَّ مُصِيبَةً أُعْطِيتَ عَلَيْهَا الصَّبْرَ وَ اسْتَوْجَبْتَ عَلَيْهَا مِنَ اللَّهِ الثَّوَابَ إِنَّمَا الْمُصِيبَةُ الَّتِي يُحْرَمُ صَاحِبُهَا أَجْرَهَا وَ ثَوَابَهَا إِذَا لَمْ يَصْبِرْ عِنْدَ نُزُولِهَا.
And it is reported by Is’haq Bin Ammar,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘O Is’haq! Do not count as a calamity you are Given patience upon it and the Rewards from Allah-azwj are obligated upon it. But rather, the calamity is which deprives its owner of its Recompense and its Rewards when he is not patient during its befalling’’.[375]
وَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع يَا مُحَمَّدُ عِشْ مَا شِئْتَ فَإِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَ أَحْبِبْ مَنْ شِئْتَ فَإِنَّكَ مُفَارِقُهُ وَ اعْمَلْ مَا شِئْتَ فَإِنَّكَ مُلَاقِيهِ.
And from Jabir who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Jibraeel-as said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Live for as long as you-saww so desire to, for you-saww will be dying, and love the one you-saww so desire to, for you will be separating from him, and work whatever you-saww so desire to, for you will be meeting it’’.[376]
27- أَعْلَامُ الدِّينِ، قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الثَّالِثُ ع الْمُصِيبَةُ لِلصَّابِرِ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ لِلْجَازِعِ اثْنَتَانِ.
(The book) ‘A’lam Al Deen’ –
‘Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 3rd said: ‘The calamity for the patient one is one, and for the alarmed, are two’’.[377]
28- نَهْجُ الْبَلَاغَةِ، قَالَ ع مَرَارَةُ الدُّنْيَا حَلَاوَةُ الْآخِرَةِ وَ حَلَاوَةُ الدُّنْيَا مَرَارَةُ الْآخِرَةِ.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘He-asws said: ‘Bitterness of the world is sweetness of the Hereafter, and sweetness of the world is bitterness of the Hereafter’’.[378]
29- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ مَرَّ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ تَبْكِي عَلَى قَبْرٍ فَقَالَ لَهَا اصْبِرِي أَيَّتُهَا الْمَرْأَةُ
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Rasool-Allah-saww, he‑saww passed by a woman crying at a grave. He-saww said to her: ‘Be patient, O you woman!’
فَقَالَتْ يَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ اذْهَبْ إِلَى عَمَلِكَ فَإِنَّهُ وَلَدِي وَ قُرَّةُ عَيْنِي
She said, ‘O you man! Go to your-saww work, for he is my son, and delight of my eyes!’
فَمَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ تَرَكَهَا وَ لَمْ تَكُنِ الْمَرْأَةُ عَرَفَتْهُ فَقِيلَ لَهَا إِنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَقَامَتْ تَشْتَدُّ حَتَّى لَحِقَتْهُ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَمْ أَعْرِفْكَ فَهَلْ لِي مِنْ أَجْرٍ إِنْ صَبَرْتُ
Rasool-Allah-saww went and left her, and the woman did not happen to recognise him-saww. It was said to her, ‘He-saww is Rasool-Allah-saww!’ She stood quickly until she caught up with him‑saww. She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww, I did not recognise you! Is there any Recompense for me if I had been patient?’
قَالَ الْأَجْرُ مَعَ الصَّدْمَةِ الْأُولَى.
He-saww said: ‘The Recompense is with the first shock’’.[379]
وَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِيَّاكَ وَ الْجَزَعَ فَإِنَّهُ يَقْطَعُ الْأَمَلَ وَ يُضَعِّفُ الْعَمَلَ وَ يُورِثُ الْهَمَّ وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ الْمَخْرَجَ فِي أَمْرَيْنِ مَا كَانَتْ فِيهِ حِيلَةٌ فَالاحْتِيَالُ وَ مَا لَمْ تَكُنْ فِيهِ حِيلَةٌ فَالاصْطِبَارُ.
And from Amir Al-Momineen-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, he-asws said: ‘Beware of the panic, for it cuts the hopes and weakens the action, and inherits the worries, and know that the outlet is in two matters – whatever has a trick in it, it is the fraud, and what does not happen to have a trick in it, it is the patience’’.[380]
وَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ مَرَّ عَلَى قَوْمٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي بَيْتٍ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ وَقَفَ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ أَنْتُمْ
And from the Prophet-saww, he-saww passed by a group from the Helpers in a house. He-saww greeted unto them and paused. He-saww said: ‘How are you all?’
قَالُوا مُؤْمِنُونَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
They said, ‘ (we are from the) Momineen, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ أَ فَمَعَكُمْ بُرْهَانُ ذَلِكَ
He-saww said: ‘Is there any proof of that with you?’
قَالُوا نَعَمْ
They said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ هَاتُوا
He-saww said: ‘Give!’
قَالُوا نَشْكُرُ اللَّهَ فِي الرَّخَاءِ وَ نَصْبِرُ عَلَى الْبَلَاءِ وَ نَرْضَى بِالْقَضَاءِ
They said, ‘We thank Allah-azwj during the prosperity, and we are patient upon the afflictions, and we are satisfied with the Decree (of Allah-azwj)!’
قَالَ أَنْتُمْ إِذَا أَنْتُمْ.
He-saww: ‘Then you are such then!’’[381]
30- مِشْكَاةُ الْأَنْوَارِ، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ كَانَ فِي نُورِ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمِ مَنْ كَانَ عِصْمَةُ أَمْرِهِ شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَ مَنْ إِذَا أَصَابَتْهُ مُصِيبَةٌ قَالَ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ وَ مَنْ إِذَا أَصَابَ خَيْراً قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ وَ مَنْ إِذَا أَصَابَ خَطِيئَةً قَالَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَ أَتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Mishkat Al Anwaar’ –
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Four (traits), one who has these in him would be in the Mighty Noor of Allah-azwj – One whose fortification of his matter were the testimony that there is no god except Allah-azwj, and I-saww am Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj; and the one when he is afflicted by a calamity (bereavement), says, We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]; and the one when he achieved good, says, The Praise is for Allah the Lord of the Worlds [1:2]; and the one when he commits a sin, says, ‘I seek Forgiveness of Allah-azwj and I repent to Him-azwj’’.[382]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لَنْ تَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ حَتَّى تَعُدُّوا الْبَلَاءَ نِعْمَةً وَ الرَّخَاءَ مُصِيبَةً وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الصَّبْرَ عَلَى الْبَلَاءِ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الْغَفْلَةِ عِنْدَ الرَّخَاءِ.
And from him, from Ammar Bin Marwan,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘You will never become Momineen until you count the affliction as a bounty, and the prosperity as a calamity, and that is because the patience upon the affliction is better than the heedlessness during the prosperity’’.[383]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ أُعْطِيَ قَلْباً شَاكِراً وَ لِسَاناً ذَاكِراً وَ جَسَداً فِي الْبَلَاءِ صَابِراً وَ زَوْجَةً صَالِحَةً إِلَّا وَ قَدْ أُعْطِيَ خَيْرَ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ.
And from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘There is none from a servant Given a thankful heart, and a tongue doing Zikr, and a body patient during the affliction, and a righteous wife, except and he has been Given good of the world and the Hereafter’’.[384]
31- جَوَامِعُ الْجَوَامِعِ، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا نُشِرَتِ الدَّوَاوِينُ وَ نُصِبَتِ الْمَوَازِينُ لَمْ يُنْصَبْ لِأَهْلِ الْبَلَاءِ مِيزَانٌ وَ لَمْ يُنْشَرْ لَهُمْ دِيوَانٌ وَ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ إِنَّما يُوَفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ.
(The book) ‘Jawamie Al Jamie’ –
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When the registers (of deeds) are publicised, no scale will be set up for the people of affliction, and no register will be publicised for them’ – and he-asws recited this Verse: But rather, the patient ones would be fulfilled their Recompense without Reckoning’ [39:10]’’.[385]
32- الْإِقْبَالُ، لِلسَّيِّدِ بْنِ طَاوُسٍ عَنْ شَيْخِ الطَّائِفَةِ عَنِ الْمُفِيدِ وَ ابْنِ الْغَضَائِرِيِّ عَنِ الصَّدُوقِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ وَ عَنِ الشَّيْخِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْأَهْوَازِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَوَانِيِّ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ الْخَثْعَمِيِّ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ بْنِ نَجِيحِ بْنِ مُطَهَّرٍ الرَّازِيِّ وَ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ قَالا مَعاً
(The book) ‘Al Iqbal’ of the Seyyid Bin Tawoos, from Sheykh Al Taifa, from Al Mufeed, and Ibn Al Gazairy, from Al Sadouq, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Is’haq Bin Ammar, and from the Sheykh, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Musa Al Ahwazy, from Ibn Uqdah, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Qatwany, from Husayn Bin Ayoub Al Khas’amy, from Salih Bin Abu Al Aswad, from Atiyya Bin Najeeh Bin Mutahhar Al Razy and Is’haq Bin Ammar Al Sayrafi, both said,
إِنَّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ ع كَتَبَ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ حِينَ حُمِلَ هُوَ وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ يُعَزِّيهِ عَمَّا صَارَ إِلَيْهِ-
‘Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws wrote to Abdullah son of Al-Hassan-asws, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with him, when he and his family members were attacked, consoling him of what had happened to him –
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ إِلَى الْخَلَفِ الصَّالِحِ وَ الذُّرِّيَّةِ الطَّيِّبَةِ مِنْ وُلْدِ أَخِيهِ وَ ابْنِ عَمِّهِ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَلَئِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ تَفَرَّدْتَ أَنْتَ وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِكَ مِمَّنْ حُمِلَ مَعَكَ بِمَا أَصَابَكُمْ مَا انْفَرَدْتَ بِالْحُزْنِ وَ الْغَيْظِ وَ الْكَآبَةِ وَ أَلِيمِ وَجَعِ الْقَلْبِ دُونِي
‘In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful! From the righteous replacement and the good offspring, from a son-asws of his brother-asws, and son-asws of his uncle-asws. As for after, if you have been particularised, you and your family members, from the ones who were attacked with you with what has afflicted you, you are not alone besides me-asws, with the grief, and the rage, and the despair, and the painful anguish of the heart.
فَلَقَدْ نَالَنِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْجَزَعِ وَ الْقَلَقِ وَ حَرِّ الْمُصِيبَةِ مِثْلُ مَا نَالَكَ وَ لَكِنْ جَرَتْ إِلَى مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ بِهِ الْمُتَّقِينَ مِنَ الصَّبْرِ وَ حُسْنِ الْعَزَاءِ حِينَ يَقُولُ لِنَبِيِّهِ ص وَ اصْبِرْ لِحُكْمِ رَبِّكَ فَإِنَّكَ بِأَعْيُنِنا
It has affected me-asws from that, from the alarm, and the anxiety, and heat of the calamity like what has affected you, but there has flowed to What Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty has Commanded the pious ones with, from the patience and the goodly consoling when He‑azwj Said to His-azwj Prophet-saww: And wait patiently for the Decision of your Lord, for you are in Our Sight, [52:48].
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ فَاصْبِرْ لِحُكْمِ رَبِّكَ وَ لا تَكُنْ كَصاحِبِ الْحُوتِ وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ لِنَبِيِّهِ ص حِينَ مُثِّلَ بِحَمْزَةَ- وَ إِنْ عاقَبْتُمْ فَعاقِبُوا بِمِثْلِ ما عُوقِبْتُمْ بِهِ وَ لَئِنْ صَبَرْتُمْ لَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لِلصَّابِرِينَ وَ صَبَرَ ص وَ لَمْ يُعَاقِبْ
And when He-azwj Said: Therefore, be patient for a Decision of your Lord, and do not become like the companion of the whale [68:48]; and when He-azwj Said to His-azwj Prophet-saww when Hamza-as (body) was trampled: And if you punish, then retaliate with the like of that which you were punished with; and if you are patient, it will be best for those who are patient [16:126] – and he-saww was patient and did not punish (in revenge).
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ وَ أْمُرْ أَهْلَكَ بِالصَّلاةِ وَ اصْطَبِرْ عَلَيْها- لا نَسْئَلُكَ رِزْقاً نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُكَ وَ الْعاقِبَةُ لِلتَّقْوى
And when He-azwj Said: And enjoin your family with the Salat and be constant upon it. We do not Ask you for sustenance, We Sustain you, and the end-result would be for the piety [20:132].
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ الَّذِينَ إِذا أَصابَتْهُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قالُوا إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ- أُولئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَلَواتٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَ رَحْمَةٌ وَ أُولئِكَ هُمُ الْمُهْتَدُونَ
And when He-azwj Said: Who, when a difficulty befalls them, are saying: We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156] Those, upon them is the Salawaat from their Lord and Mercy; those, they are the Guided ones [2:157].
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ إِنَّما يُوَفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
And when He-azwj Said: But rather, the patient ones would be fulfilled their Recompense without Reckoning’ [39:10].
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ لُقْمَانُ لِابْنِهِ وَ اصْبِرْ عَلى ما أَصابَكَ إِنَّ ذلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ الْأُمُورِ
And when Luqman-as said to his-as son: and be patient upon what befalls you, surely that is from the matters requiring determination [31:17].
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ عَنْ مُوسَى- قالَ مُوسى لِقَوْمِهِ اسْتَعِينُوا بِاللَّهِ وَ اصْبِرُوا إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُها مَنْ يَشاءُ مِنْ عِبادِهِ وَ الْعاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ
And when He-azwj Said about Musa-as: Musa said to his people, ‘Seek Assistance with Allah and be patient. Surely the earth is for Allah, He Causes it to be inherited by the one He so Desires to from His servants, and the end-result is for the pious [7:128].
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ عَمِلُوا الصَّالِحاتِ وَ تَواصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَ تَواصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ
And when He-azwj Said: those who believe and are doing the righteous deeds, and enjoin each other with the Truth, and enjoin each other with the patience [103:3].
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ ثُمَّ كانَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ تَواصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ وَ تَواصَوْا بِالْمَرْحَمَةِ
And when He-azwj Said: Then he would be from those who believe, and enjoin the patience and enjoin the compassion [90:17].
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ وَ لَنَبْلُوَنَّكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْخَوْفِ وَ الْجُوعِ وَ نَقْصٍ مِنَ الْأَمْوالِ وَ الْأَنْفُسِ وَ الثَّمَراتِ وَ بَشِّرِ الصَّابِرِينَ
And when He-azwj Said: ‘And We will be Testing you with something from the fear and the hunger and scarcity of the wealth and the lives and the fruits; and give glad tidings to the patient ones [2:155].
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ وَ كَأَيِّنْ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ قاتَلَ مَعَهُ رِبِّيُّونَ كَثِيرٌ فَما وَهَنُوا لِما أَصابَهُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ ما ضَعُفُوا وَ مَا اسْتَكانُوا وَ اللَّهُ يُحِبُّ الصَّابِرِينَ
And when He-azwj Said: And how many a Prophet has fought with whom were many battalions; so they did not languish due to what befell them in the Way of Allah, nor did they weaken, nor did they give up; and Allah Loves the patient [3:146].
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ وَ الصَّابِرِينَ وَ الصَّابِراتِ
And when He-azwj Said: and the patient men and the patient women, [33:35].
وَ حِينَ يَقُولُ وَ اصْبِرْ حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الْحاكِمِينَ
And when He-azwj Said: and be patient until Allah Decides, and He is the best of the deciders [10:109].
وَ أَمْثَالُ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ كَثِيرٌ
And the likes of that from the Quran are many.
وَ اعْلَمْ أَيْ عَمِّ وَ ابْنَ عَمِّ أَنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ لَمْ يُبَالِ بِضُرِّ الدُّنْيَا لِوَلِيِّهِ سَاعَةً قَطُّ وَ لَا شَيْءَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الضُّرِّ وَ الْجَهْدِ وَ الْبَلَاءِ مَعَ الصَّبْرِ وَ أَنَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يُبَالِ بِنَعِيمِ الدُّنْيَا لِعَدُوِّهِ سَاعَةً قَطُّ
And know, O uncle and son of uncle! Allah-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty, does not care about the harm of the world to His-azwj friends for a moment at all, nor is there anything more Beloved to him than the harm, and the struggle, and the affliction with the patience, and He‑azwj, Blessed and Exalted, does not care about the bounties of the world being for His-azwj enemies for a moment, at all.
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ مَا كَانَ أَعْدَاؤُهُ يَقْتُلُونَ أَوْلِيَاءَهُ وَ يُخِيفُونَهُمْ وَ يَمْنَعُونَهُمْ وَ أَعْدَاؤُهُ آمِنُونَ مُطْمَئِنُّونَ عَالُونَ ظَاهِرُونَ قَاهِرُونَ
And had it not been that, His-azwj enemies would not be killing His-azwj friends, and forsaking them, and preventing them, while His-azwj enemies are safe, reassured, exalted, victorious, subduing.
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمَا قُتِلَ زَكَرِيَّا وَ يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا ظُلْماً وَ عُدْوَاناً فِي بَغِيٍّ مِنَ الْبَغَايَا
And had it not been that, Zakariya-as and Yahya Bin Zakariya-as would not have been kill unjustly and aggressively among the immoral ones from the prostitutes.
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ مَا قُتِلَ جَدُّكَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ لِمَا قَامَ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ ظُلْماً وَ عَمُّكَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ فَاطِمَةَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اضْطِهَاداً وَ عُدْوَاناً
And had it not been that, your grandfather Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah‑azwj be upon him-asws would not have been killed unjustly when he-asws had stood with the Commands of Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty; and your uncle-asws Al-Husayn-asws son-asws of (Syeda) Fatima-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws both, by persecution and aggression.
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ- وَ لَوْ لا أَنْ يَكُونَ النَّاسُ أُمَّةً واحِدَةً لَجَعَلْنا لِمَنْ يَكْفُرُ بِالرَّحْمنِ لِبُيُوتِهِمْ سُقُفاً مِنْ فِضَّةٍ وَ مَعارِجَ عَلَيْها يَظْهَرُونَ
And had it not been that, Allah-azwj, Majestic and Mighty, would not have Said in His-azwj Book: And had it not been that the people might become one community, we would have Made for the ones who commit Kufr with the Beneficent to have silver roofs for their houses, and stairs to ascend upon [43:33].
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمَا قَالَ فِي كِتَابِهِ- أَ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّما نُمِدُّهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ مالٍ وَ بَنِينَ- نُسارِعُ لَهُمْ فِي الْخَيْراتِ بَلْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ
And had it not been that, Allah-azwj would not have Said in His-azwj Book: We are hastening to them regarding the good things? But, they are not perceiving [23:56].
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمَا جَاءَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ لَوْ لَا أَنْ يَحْزَنَ الْمُؤْمِنُ لَجَعَلْتُ لِلْكَافِرِ عِصَابَةً مِنْ حَدِيدٍ- لَا يُصَدَّعُ رَأْسُهُ أَبَداً
And had it not been that, it would not have come in the Hadeeth: ‘Had it not been for the Momin grieving, a bandage of iron would have been made for the Kafir so that his head would never be cracked!’
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمَا جَاءَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّ الدُّنْيَا لَا تُسَاوِي عِنْدَ اللَّهِ جَنَاحَ بَعُوضَةٍ
And had it not been that, it would not have come in the Hadeeth: ‘The world does not equate to a wing of a mosquito in the Presence of Allah-azwj’.
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ مَا سَقَى كَافِراً مِنْهَا شَرْبَةً مِنْ مَاءٍ
And had it not been that, a Kafir would not have been quenched a drink of water from it.
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمَا جَاءَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ لَوْ أَنَّ مُؤْمِناً عَلَى قُلَّةِ جَبَلٍ- لَابْتَعَثَ اللَّهُ لَهُ كَافِراً أَوْ مُنَافِقاً يُؤْذِيهِ
And had it not been that, it would not have come in the Hadeeth: ‘Even if a Momin were to be on top of a mountain, Allah-azwj will Send a Kafir or a hypocrite to him to bother him’.
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمَا جَاءَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّهُ إِذَا أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ قَوْماً أَوْ أَحَبَّ عَبْداً صَبَّ عَلَيْهِ الْبَلَاءَ صَبّاً فَلَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ غَمٍّ إِلَّا وَقَعَ فِي غَمٍّ
And had it not been that, it would not have come in the Hadeeth: ‘When Allah-azwj Loves a people, or Loves a servant, Pours the afflictions upon him with a pouring, so he will not come out from a sorrow except he will fall into (another) sorrow’.
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمَا جَاءَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ مَا مِنْ جُرْعَتَيْنِ أَحَبَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَجْرَعَهُمَا عَبْدُهُ الْمُؤْمِنُ فِي الدُّنْيَا مِنْ جُرْعَةِ غَيْظٍ كَظَمَ عَلَيْهَا وَ جُرْعَةِ حُزْنٍ عِنْدَ مُصِيبَةٍ صَبَرَ عَلَيْهَا بِحُسْنِ عَزَاءٍ وَ احْتِسَابٍ
And had it not been that, it would not have come in the Hadeeth: ‘There are none from two gulps more Beloved to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic His-azwj Momin servant gulps them in the world, thank a gulp of rage he is enraged upon, and a gulp of grief during a calamity he is patient upon it with goodly consolation and anticipation’.
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمَا كَانَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ يَدْعُونَ عَلَى مَنْ ظَلَمَهُمْ بِطُولِ الْعُمُرِ وَ صِحَّةِ الْبَدَنِ وَ كَثْرَةِ الْمَالِ وَ الْوَلَدِ
And had it not been that, the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww would not have supplicated upon the ones who oppressed them with long life, and health of the body, and abundance of wealth and children.
وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ مَا بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ إِذَا خَصَّ رَجُلًا بِالتَّرَحُّمِ عَلَيْهِ وَ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ اسْتُشْهِدَ
And had it not been that, it would not have reached us that whenever Rasool-Allah-saww particularised a man would invoke Mercy upon him, and seeking the Forgiveness, and seeking the martyrdom’.
فَعَلَيْكُمْ يَا عَمِّ وَ ابْنَ عَمِّ وَ بَنِي عُمُومَتِي وَ إِخْوَتِي بِالصَّبْرِ وَ الرِّضَا وَ التَّسْلِيمِ وَ التَّفْوِيضِ إِلَى اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ وَ الرِّضَا وَ الصَّبْرِ عَلَى قَضَائِهِ وَ التَّمَسُّكِ بِطَاعَتِهِ وَ النُّزُولِ عِنْدَ أَمْرِهِ
So, upon you all, O uncle, and son of uncle, and son of my-asws uncles, and my-asws brothers, is to be with the patience, and the satisfaction, and the submission, and the delegating (affairs) to Allah-azwj Majestic and Mighty, and the satisfaction and the patience upon His-azwj Decree, and adhering with obedience to Him-azwj, and the calamities by His-azwj Commands.
أَفْرَغَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا وَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصَّبْرَ وَ خَتَمَ لَنَا وَ لَكُمْ بِالْأَجْرِ وَ السَّعَادَةِ وَ أَنْقَذَكُمْ وَ إِيَّانَا مِنْ كُلِّ هَلَكَةٍ بِحَوْلِهِ وَ قُوَّتِهِ- إِنَّهُ سَمِيعٌ قَرِيبٌ وَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى صَفْوَتِهِ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ وَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ.
May Allah-azwj Pour the patience upon us-asws and you, and End for us-asws and for you with the Recompense, and the happiness, and Save you and us-asws from every destruction, by His-azwj Mighty and His-azwj Strength, He-azwj is Hearing, Near, and may Allah-azwj Send Salawaat upon His-azwj elites from His-azwj creatures, Muhammad-saww the Prophet-saww, and People-asws of his‑saww Household’’.[386]
باب 19 آخر في ذكر صبر الصابرين و الصابرات
CHAPTER 19 – ANOTHER REGARDING MENTION OF PATIENCE OF THE PATIENT MEN AND THE PATIENT WOMEN
1- مسكن الفؤاد، للشهيد الثاني رفع الله درجته قال أسند أبو العباس بن مسروق عن الأوزاعي قال حدثنا بعض الحكماء قال خرجت و أنا أريد الرباط حتى إذا كنت بعريش مصر إذا أنا بمظلة و فيها رجل قد ذهبت عيناه و استرسلت يداه و رجلاه و هو يقول لك الحمد سيدي و مولاي اللهم إني أحمدك حمدا يوافي محامد خلقك كفضلك على سائر خلقك إذ فضلتني على كثير ممن خلقت تفضيلا
(The book) ‘Musakkin Al-Fuwad’ of Al-Shaheed Al-Sany, may Allah-azwj Raise his rank – He said, ‘Abu Al-Abbas Bin Masrouq attributed from Al-Awzair who said, ‘It is narrated to us by one of the wise ones who said, ‘I went out and I intended Al-Rabaat, until when I was at the house of the city, there I was by an awning, and in it was a man whose eyes had gone, and his hands and his legs were extended (paralysed) and he was saying, ‘For You-azwj is the Praise, my Chief‑azwj and my Master-azwj! O Allah-azwj! I praise You-azwj with a fulfilling praise of Your-azwj creatures, like Your-azwj Grace upon rest of Your-azwj creatures, when You-azwj have Graced me preferentially over many of the ones You-azwj Created!’
فقلت و الله لأسألنه أعلمه أو ألهمه إلهاما فدنوت منه و سلم عليه فرد علي السلام فقلت له رحمك الله إني أسألك عن شيء أ تخبرني به أم لا
I said, ‘By Allah-azwj, I will ask him either to teach him or to inspire him an inspiration’. I approached him and greeted unto him. He responded the greeting to me. I said to him, ‘May Allah-azwj Mercy you! I want to ask you about something, will you inform me with it or not?’
فقال إن كان عندي منه علم أخبرتك به
He said, ‘If there were to be knowledge with me of it, I will inform you with it’.
فقلت رحمك الله على أي فضيلة من فضائله تشكره
I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Mercy you! Upon which merit from His-azwj merits are you thanking Him‑azwj for?’
فقال أ و ليس ترى ما قد صنع بي
He said, ‘And can’t you see what He-azwj has Done with me?’
فقلت بلى
I said, ‘Yes’.
فقال و الله لو أن الله تبارك و تعالى صب علي نارا تحرقني و أمر الجبال فدمرتني و أمر البحار فغرقتني و أمر الأرض فخسفت بي ما ازددت فيه سبحانه إلا حبا و لا ازددت له إلا شكرا و إن لي إليك حاجة تقضيها لي
He said, ‘By Allah-azwj! Even if Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted were to Pour fire upon me to incinerate me, or Commands the mountain to crush me, and Commands the sea to drown me, and Commands the earth to submerge with me, I will not increase regarding Him-azwj the Glorious, except in love, nor will I increase for Him-azwj except in thanking; and there is request for me to you, will you fulfil it for me?’
فقلت نعم قل ما تشاء
I said, ‘Yes, say whatever you desire’.
فقال بني لي كان يتعاهدني أوقات صلاتي و يطعمني عند إفطاري و قد فقدته منذ أمس فانظر هل تجده لي
He said, ‘There is a son of mine who used to help me at the timings of my Salat, and feed me during my breaking the fast, and I miss him since yesterday, so look if you can find him for me’’.
قال فقلت في نفسي إن في قضاء حاجته لقربة إلى الله عز و جل فقمت و خرجت في طلبه حتى إذا صرت بين كثبان الرمال إذا أنا بسبع قد افترس الغلام يأكله فقلت إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ كيف آتي هذا العبد الصالح بخبر ابنه
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said within myself, ‘In the fulfilment of his request, there is nearness to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’. I stood up and went out in searching for him until when I came to be between the sand dunes, there I was with a lion who was devouring a boy, eating him. I said, ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]. How will I go to this righteous servant with the news of his son?’’
قال فأتيته و سلمت عليه فرد علي السلام فقلت يرحمك الله إن سألتك عن شيء تخبرني به
He (the narrator) said, ‘I came to him and greeted unto him. He responded the greeting to me. I said, ‘May Allah-azwj Mercy you! If I were to ask you about something, will you inform me with it?’
فقال إن كان عندي منه علم أخبرتك به
He said, ‘If there were to be knowledge of it with me, I will inform you with it’’.
قال قلت إنك أكرم على الله عز و جل و أقرب منزلة أو نبي الله أيوب صلوات الله و سلامه عليه
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘Are you more honourable to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and nearer of status or the Prophet-as of Allah-azwj Ayoub-as, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj and His‑azwj Greetings be upon him-as?’
فقال بل أيوب أكرم على الله تعالى مني و أعظم عند الله منزلة مني
He said, ‘But, Ayoub-as is more honourable unto Allah-azwj the Exalted than me, and of mightiest status in the Presence of Allah-azwj than mine’.
فقلت إنه ابتلاه الله تعالى فصبر حتى استوحش منه من كان يأنس به و كان غرضا لمرار الطريق و اعلم أن ابنك الذي أخبرتني به و سألتني أن أطلبه لك افترسه السبع فأعظم الله أجرك فيه
I said to him, ‘Allah-azwj had Tried him-as, so he-as was patient to the extent that the ones who had been comforted with him-as isolated from him-as, and the purpose was passing on the road, and know that your son, the one you had informed me with and asked me to search for him for you, the lion has devoured him. May Allah-azwj Magnify your Recompense regarding him’.
فقال الحمد لله الذي لم يجعل في قلبي حسرة من الدنيا ثم شهق شهقة و سقط على وجهه فجلست ساعة ثم حركته فإذا هو ميت فقلت إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ كيف أعمل في أمره و من يعينني على غسله و كفنه و حفر قبره و دفنه
He said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who did not Make any regret of the world to be in my heart’. He gasped a gasp and fell upon his face. I sat for a while, then moved him, and he was dead. I said, ‘‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him [2:156]. How can I deal regarding his matter, and who will assist me upon washing him, and enshrouding him, and digging his grace, and burying him?’
فبينما أنا كذلك إذا أنا بركب يريدون الرباط فأشرت إليهم فأقبلوا نحوي حتى وقفوا علي فقالوا ما أنت و ما هذا فأخبرتهم بقصتي فعقلوا رواحلهم و أعانوني حتى غسلناه بماء البحر و كفناه بأثواب كانت معهم و تقدمت فصليت عليه مع الجماعة و دفناه في مظلته و جلست عند قبره آنسا به أقرأ القرآن إلى أن مضى من الليل ساعة
While I was like that when I saw riders intending Rabaat. I gestured to them. They came near me until they paused to me. They said, ‘Who are you and who is this?’ I informed them with my story. They tied their animals and assisted me until we had washed him with the sea water, and enshrouded him with clothes which were with them, and I went forwards and prayed Salat upon him with the congregation, and we buried him in his awning, and I sat by his grave comforted with it, reciting the Quran until a time from the night had passed.
فغفوت غفوة فرأيت صاحبي في أحسن صورة و أجمل زي في روضة خضراء عليه ثياب خضر قائما يتلو القرآن فقلت له أ لست بصاحبي
I fell asleep. I saw my companion (in the dream) being is excellent face and beautiful appearance in a green garden. Upon him were green clothes, standing, reciting the Quran. I said to him, ‘Aren’t you my companion?’
قال بلى
He said, ‘Yes’.
قلت فما الذي صيرك إلى ما أرى
I said, ‘So what is that which made you become to what I see?’
فقال اعلم أنني وردت مع الصابرين لله عز و جل في درجة لم ينالوها إلا بالصبر على البلاء و الشكر عند الرخاء
He said, ‘Know, I have arrived to be with the ones patient for the Sake of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, in a rank which cannot be attained except with being patient upon the afflictions and the thanking during the prosperity’.
فانتبهت
I woke up’’.[387] (not a Hadeeth)
: وَ رُوِيَ فِي عُيُونِ الْمَجَالِسِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ قُرَّةَ قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ يُحِبُّ ابْنَهُ حُبّاً شَدِيداً فَمَرِضَ فَخَافَتْ- أُمُّ سُلَيْمٍ عَلَى أَبِي طَلْحَةَ الْجَزَعَ حِينَ قُرْبِ مَوْتِ الْوَلَدِ فَبَعَثَتْهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ مِنْ دَارِهِ تُوُفِّيَ الْوَلَدُ فَسَجَّتْهُ أُمُّ سُلَيْمٍ بِثَوْبٍ وَ عَزَلَتْهُ فِي نَاحِيَةٍ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَتْ إِلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهَا وَ قَالَتْ لَهُمْ لَا تُخْبِرُوا أَبَا طَلْحَةَ بِشَيْءٍ
And it is report in ‘Uyoun Al-Majaalis’ – from Muawiya Bin Qurrah who said,
‘Abu Talha used to love his son with intense love. He fell sick, so Umm Suleym feared the panic upon Abu Talha when death of the son drew near. She sent him to (see) the Prophet‑saww. When Abu Talha went out from his house, the son died. Umm Suleym covered him with a cloth and isolated him in a corner of the house. Then she went to her family and said to them, ‘Do not inform Abu Talha with anything’.
ثُمَّ إِنَّهَا صَنَعَتْ طَعَاماً ثُمَّ مَسَّتْ شَيْئاً مِنَ الطِّيبِ فَجَاءَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ مَا فَعَلَ ابْنِي فَقَالَتْ لَهُ هَدَأَتْ نَفْسُهُ
Then she made a meal, then touched something from the perfume. Abu Talha came from the present of Rasool-Allah-saww. He said, ‘What happened to my son?’ She said to him, ‘He has calmed himself’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ هَلْ لَنَا مَا نَأْكُلُ فَقَامَتْ فَقَرَّبَتْ إِلَيْهِ الطَّعَامَ ثُمَّ تَعَرَّضَتْ لَهُ فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا
Then he said, ‘Is there anything for us we can eat?’ She stood up and drew the meal near to him. Then she displayed to him, so he fell upon her (for intimacy).
فَلَمَّا اطْمَأَنَّ قَالَتْ لَهُ يَا أَبَا طَلْحَةَ أَ تَغْضَبُ مِنْ وَدِيعَةٍ كَانَتْ عِنْدَنَا فَرَدَدْنَاهَا إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ لَا
When he had relaxed, she said to him, ‘O Abu Talha! Would you be angered of a deposit which was in our possession, so we had returned it to its owner?’ He said, ‘Glory be to Allah-saww, no!’
فَقَالَتِ ابْنُكَ كَانَ عِنْدَنَا وَدِيعَةً فَقَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ فَأَنَا أَحَقُّ بِالصَّبْرِ مِنْكِ
She said, ‘Your son was in our possession as a deposit Allah-azwj the Exalted Took him’. Abu Talha said, ‘I am more rightful with the patience than you are’.
ثُمَّ قَامَ مِنْ مَكَانِهِ فَاغْتَسَلَ وَ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِصَنِيعِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكُمَا فِي وَقْعَتِكُمَا
Then he stood from his place. He washed and prayed two Cycles Salat, then went to the Prophet-saww and informed him-saww of her actions. Rasool-Allah-saww said to him: ‘May Allah‑azwj Bless you both in you intimacy’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ فِي أُمَّتِي مِثْلَ صَابِرَةِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Made in my-saww community a patient woman like the children of Israel’.
فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مَا كَانَ مِنْ خَبَرِهَا
It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! What was from her good (deeds)?’
فَقَالَ كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ امْرَأَةٌ وَ كَانَ لَهَا زَوْجٌ وَ لَهَا مِنْهُ غُلَامَانِ فَأَمَرَهَا بِطَعَامٍ لِيَدْعُوَ عَلَيْهِ النَّاسَ فَفَعَلَتْ وَ اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ فِي دَارِهِ فَانْطَلَقَ الْغُلَامَانِ يَلْعَبَانِ فَوَقَعَا فِي بِئْرٍ كَانَتْ فِي الدَّارِ فَكَرِهَتْ أَنْ تُنَغِّصَ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا الضِّيَافَةَ فَأَدْخَلَتْهُمَا الْبَيْتَ وَ سَجَّتْهُمَا بِثَوْبٍ
He-saww said: ‘There was a woman among the children of Israel, and there was a husband for her, and there were two boys for her from him. He instructed her to make a meal for him to invite the people to it. She did so, and the people gathered in his house. The two boys went to play and the fell into a well which was in the house (and died). She disliked to upset the guests upon her husband, so she entered them into the house and covered them with a cloth.
فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا دَخَلَ زَوْجُهَا فَقَالَ أَيْنَ ابْنَايَ قَالَتْ هُمَا فِي الْبَيْتِ وَ إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَمَسَّحَتْ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الطِّيبِ وَ تَعَرَّضَتْ لِلرَّجُلِ حَتَّى وَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا
When they were free, her husband entered. He said, ‘Where are my sons?’ She said, ‘They are in the room’, and she had touched with something from the perfume and displayed to the man until he fell upon her (for intimacy).
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيْنَ ابْنَايَ قَالَتْ هُمَا فِي الْبَيْتِ فَنَادَاهُمَا أَبُوهُمَا فَخَرَجَا يَسْعِيَانِ
Then he said, ‘Where are my sons?’ She said, ‘They are in the room’. Their father called out to them. They both came out running.
فَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ كَانَا مَيِّتَيْنِ وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَحْيَاهُمَا ثَوَاباً لِصَبْرِي.
The woman said, ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! By Allah-azwj! They were both dead, but Allah-azwj the Exalted Revived them as a Reward for my patience’’.[388]
و قريب من هذا ما رويناه في دلائل النبوة عن أنس بن مالك قال دخلنا على رجل من الأنصار و هو مريض فلم نبرح حتى قضى فبسطنا عليه ثوبا و أم له عجوز كبيرة عند رأسه فقلنا لها يا هذا احتسبي مصيبتك على الله عز و جل فقالت و مات ابني قلنا نعم قالت حقا تقولون قلنا نعم
And near to this is what we are reporting in ‘Dalail Al-Nubuwwah’, from Anas Bin Malik (a well-known fabricator), who said, ‘We entered to see a man from the Helpers, and he was sick. We did not depart until he passed away. We spread a sheet upon him, and there was an old aged mother for him by his head. We said to her, ‘O you! Anticipate for your calamity (bereavement) to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’. She said, ‘And my son has died?’ We said, ‘Yes’. She said, ‘Truly you are saying?’ We said, ‘Yes’’.
قال فمدت يدها فقالت اللهم إنك تعلم أني أسلمت لك و هاجرت إلى رسولك رجاء أن تعينني عند كل شدة و رخاء فلا تحمل علي هذه المصيبة اليوم فكشف الثوب عن وجهه ثم ما برحنا حتى طعمنا معه
He (the narrator) said, ‘She extended her hand. She said, ‘O Allah-azwj! You-azwj Know that I have submitted to You-azwj, and emigrated to Your-azwj Rasool-saww hoping that You-azwj mighty Assist me during every adversity and prosperity. I cannot bear this calamity today!’ She uncovered the cloth from his face, then we did not depart until we had a meal with him’’.[389] (Not a Hadeeth)
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ يُونُسَ ع قَالَ لِجَبْرَئِيلَ ع دُلَّنِي عَلَى أَعْبَدِ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ فَدَلَّهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ قَدْ قَطَعَ الْجُذَامُ يَدَيْهِ وَ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ ذَهَبَ بِبَصَرِهِ وَ سَمْعِهِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ مَتَّعْتَنِي بِهَا مَا شِئْتَ وَ سَلَبْتَنِي مَا شِئْتَ وَ أَبْقَيْتَ لِي فِيكَ الْأَمَلَ يَا بَرُّ يَا وَصُولُ.
And it is reported that Yunus-as said to Jibraeel-as: ‘Point me-as upon the most worshipping of people of the earth’. He-as pointed him-as to a man whom the leprosy had cut his hands, and his legs, and his sight and his hearing had gone, and he was saying, ‘Make me to enjoy with whatever You-azwj so Desire to, and Strip me of whatever You-azwj Desire to, Cause for the hopes to remain in me, O Righteous, O Connecter!’’[390]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ عِيسَى ع مَرَّ بِرَجُلٍ أَعْمَى أَبْرَصَ مُقْعَدٍ مَضْرُوبِ الْجَنْبَيْنِ بِالْفَالِجِ وَ قَدْ تَنَاثَرَ لَحْمُهُ مِنَ الْجُذَامِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي عَافَانِي مِمَّا ابْتَلَى بِهِ كَثِيراً مِنْ خَلْقِهِ
And it is reported that Isa-as passed by a man who was blind, with vitiligo, sitting (disabled), struck on the two sides with the paralysis, and his flesh was falling off from the leprosy and he was saying, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Gave me well-being from what many (others) from His-azwj creatures have been afflicted with!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ عِيسَى ع يَا هَذَا وَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ أَرَاهُ مَصْرُوفاً عَنْكَ
Isa-as said to him: ‘O you! And which thing from the afflictions can I-as see having been turned away from you?’
فَقَالَ يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ أَنَا خَيْرٌ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يَجْعَلِ اللَّهُ فِي قَلْبِهِ مَا جَعَلَ فِي قَلْبِي مِنْ مَعْرِفَتِهِ
He said, ‘O Spirit of Allah-azwj! I am better than the ones whom Allah-azwj has not Made to be in his heart what recognition He-azwj has Made to be in my heart’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ صَدَقْتَ هَاتِ يَدَكَ فَنَاوَلَهُ يَدَهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ أَحْسَنُ النَّاسِ وَجْهاً وَ أَفْضَلُهُمْ هَيْئَةً قَدْ أَذْهَبَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مَا كَانَ بِهِ فَصَحِبَ عِيسَى ع وَ تَعَبَّدَ مَعَهُ.
He-as said to him: ‘You speak the truth! Give your hand!’ He gave him-as his hand, and behold he became the most handsome of people of face, and their best appearance. Allah-azwj Removed from him-as whatever had been with him. He accompanied Isa-as and worshipped with him-as’’.[391]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ رَجُلٌ فَقِيهٌ عَابِدٌ عَالِمٌ مُجْتَهِدٌ وَ كَانَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَةٌ وَ كَانَ بِهَا مُعْجَباً فَمَاتَتْ فَوَجَدَ عَلَيْهَا وَجْداً شَدِيداً حَتَّى خَلَا فِي بَيْتٍ وَ أَغْلَقَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ احْتَجَبَ عَنِ النَّاسِ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ
And it is reported that there was a man among the children of Israel who was a jurist (of understanding), worshipper, knowledgeable, struggler, and there was a wife for him, and he admired her. She died, so he felt upon her severe feelings to the extent that he isolated in a room and closed the door upon himself and veiled from the people, so no one was entering to see him.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ امْرَأَةً مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ سَمِعَتْ بِهِ فَجَاءَتْهُ فَقَالَتْ لِي إِلَيْهِ حَاجَةٌ أَسْتَفْتِيهِ فِيهَا لَيْسَ يُجْزِئُنِي إِلَّا أَنْ أُشَافِهَهُ بِهَا فَذَهَبَ النَّاسُ وَ لَزِمَتِ الْبَابَ فَأُخْبِرَ فَأَذِنَ لَهَا فَقَالَتْ أَسْتَفْتِيكَ فِي أَمْرٍ قَالَ مَا هُوَ
Then a woman from the children of Israel heard of him. She came to him. She said, ‘There is a need for me to him, I want his verdict regarding it. It will not suffice me unless I see him for it’. The people went and stayed by the door. He was informed, so he permitted for her. She said, ‘I want your verdict regarding a matter’. He said, ‘What is it?’
قَالَتْ إِنِّي اسْتَعَرْتُ مِنْ جَارَةٍ لِي حُلِيّاً فَكُنْتُ أَلْبَسُهُ زَمَاناً ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ أَرْسَلُوا إِلَيَّ أَ فَأَرُدُّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ اللَّهِ قَالَتْ إِنَّهُ قَدْ مَكَثَ عِنْدِي زَمَاناً قَالَ ذَاكِ أَحَقُّ بِرَدِّكِ إِيَّاهُ
She said, ‘I had borrowed a garment from a neighbour of mine. I have worn it for a time, then they sent for it. Shall I return it to them?’ He said, ‘Yes, by Allah-azwj!’ She said, ‘It has remained with me for a long time!’ He said, ‘That is more rightful to it to be returned to him’.
فَقَالَتْ لَهُ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ أَ فَتَأْسَفُ عَلَى مَا أَعَارَكَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثُمَّ أَخَذَهُ مِنْكَ وَ هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْكَ
She said to him, ‘May Allah-azwj have Mercy on you! Are you feeling sorry upon what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic had Lent you, then He-azwj Took it from you, and He-azwj is more Rightful with it than you are!’
فَأَبْصَرَ مَا كَانَ فِيهِ وَ نَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ بِقَوْلِهَا.
He considered what was in it and Allah-azwj Benefitted him with her words’’.[392]
: وَ عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ قَالَ: كَانَ لِسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ع ابْنٌ يُحِبُّهُ حُبّاً شَدِيداً فَمَاتَ فَحَزِنَ عَلَيْهِ حُزْناً شَدِيداً فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ مَلَكَيْنِ فِي هَيْئَةِ الْبَشَرِ فَقَالَ مَا أَنْتُمَا قَالا خَصْمَانِ قَالَ اجْلِسَا بِمَجْلِسِ الْخُصُومِ
And from Abu Al-Darda’a who said, ‘The was a son for Suleyman Bin Dawood-as he-as love him with intense love. He died. He-as grieved upon him with severe grief. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sent two Angels to him in the appearance of human beings. He-as said: ‘Who are you two?’ They said, ‘Contenders’. He-as said: ‘Be seated in the seat of disputes!’
فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا إِنِّي زَرَعْتُ زَرْعاً فَأَتَى هَذَا فَأَفْسَدَهُ
One of them said, ‘I had cultivated a farm and this one came spoilt it’.
فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ ع مَا يَقُولُ هَذَا
Suleyman said, ‘What is this one saying?’
قَالَ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ إِنَّهُ زَرَعَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ وَ إِنِّي مَرَرْتُ فَنَظَرْتُ يَمِيناً وَ شِمَالًا فَإِذَا الزَّرْعُ فَرَكِبْتُ قَارِعَةَ الطَّرِيقِ وَ كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَسَادُ زَرْعِهِ
He said, ‘May Allah-azwj keep you-as well! He had planted in the road and I passed by. I looked right and left, and the plants were there, so I rode upon the middle of the road, and during that his plants were spoilt’.
فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَزْرَعَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الطَّرِيقَ سَبِيلُ النَّاسِ وَ لَا بُدَّ لِلنَّاسِ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْلُكُوا سَبِيلَهُمْ
Suleyman-as said: ‘What carried you upon planting in the road? Don’t you know that the road is a way of the people and there is no escape for the people from travelling on their way?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَحَدُ الْمَلَكَيْنِ أَ وَ مَا عَلِمْتَ يَا سُلَيْمَانُ إِنَّ الْمَوْتَ سَبِيلُ النَّاسِ وَ لَا بُدَّ لِلنَّاسِ أَنْ يَسْلُكُوا سَبِيلَهُمْ
One of the two Angels said to him-as, ‘And don’t you-as know, O Suleyman-as, the death is a way of the people, and there is no escape for the people from travelling their ways?’
قَالَ فَكَأَنَّمَا كُشِفَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ ع الْغِطَاءُ وَ لَمْ يَجْزَعْ عَلَى وَلَدِهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ رواه ابن أبي الدنيا.
He (the narrator) said, ‘It was as if the covering had been removed from Suleyman-as and he‑as did not panic upon his-as son after that’ – it is reported by Abu Al-Dunya’’.[393]
وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً أَنَّ قَاضِياً كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مَاتَ لَهُ ابْنٌ فَجَزِعَ عَلَيْهِ وَ صَاحَ فَلَقِيَهُ رَجُلَانِ فَقَالا لَهُ اقْضِ بَيْنَنَا فَقَالَ مِنْ هَذَا فَرَرْتُ
And it is reported as well, ‘There was a judge among the children of Israel. A son of his died, so he panicked upon and shrieked. Two men met him, they said to him, ‘Judge between us!’ From this I have fled!’
فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا إِنَّ هَذَا مَرَّ بِغَنَمِهِ عَلَى زَرْعِي فَأَفْسَدَهُ
One of them said, ‘This one passed by with his sheep upon my plantation and spoilt it!’
فَقَالَ الْآخَرُ إِنَّ هَذَا زَرَعَ بَيْنَ الْجَبَلِ وَ النَّهَرِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِي طَرِيقٌ غَيْرُهُ
The other one says, ‘This plantation was between the mountain and the river, and there was not path for me other than it!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ الْقَاضِي أَنْتَ حِينَ زَرَعْتَ بَيْنَ الْجَبَلِ وَ النَّهَرِ أَ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ طَرِيقُ النَّاسِ
The judge said to him, ‘You, when you planted between the mountain and the river, didn’t you know that it is a path of the people?’
فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ فَأَنْتَ حِينَ وُلِدَ لَكَ وَلَدٌ أَ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ يَمُوتُ فَارْجِعْ إِلَى قَضَائِكَ
The man said to him, ‘So you, when a son was born for you, didn’t you know that he would be dying?’ So return to your judging’.
ثُمَّ عَرَجَا وَ كَانَا مَلَكَيْنِ.
Then they both ascended, and were two Angels’’.[394]
: وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ بِمَكَّةَ مُقْعَدَانِ كَانَ لَهُمَا ابْنٌ شَابٌّ فَكَانَ إِذَا أَصْبَحَ نَقَلَهُمَا فَأَتَى بِهِمَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَكَانَ يَكْتَسِبُ عَلَيْهِمَا يَوْمَهُ فَإِذَا كَانَ الْمَسَاءُ احْتَمَلَهُمَا فَأَقْبَلَ بِهِمَا
And it is reported that there were two disable couple at Makkah. There was a youthful son for them. Whenever it was morning he would transfer them and come with them to the Masjid. He used to spend his day upon them. Whenever it was evening, he would carry them and return with them.
فَافْتَقَدَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ مَاتَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَوْ تُرِكَ أَحَدٌ لِأَحَدٍ تُرِكَ ابْنُ الْمُقْعَدَيْنِ.
The Prophet-saww missed him. He-saww asked about him. It was said to him-saww, ‘He died’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Had anyone been left for anyone, the son of the two disabled (parents) would have been left’’.[395]
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 5 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 5 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 7 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 7 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 11 H 12 (Chapters on Funerals)
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[17] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[19] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[20] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[21] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 12 (Chapters on Funerals)
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 13 (Chapters on Funerals)
[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 5 / 14 (Chapters on Funerals)
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[34] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[36] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[37] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[38] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[39] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 12 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[40] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 12 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[41] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 13 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[42] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 13 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[43] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 13 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[44] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 14 (Chapters on Funerals)
[45] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 15 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[46] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 15 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[47] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 16 (Chapters on Funerals)
[48] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 17 (Chapters on Funerals)
[49] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 18 (Chapters on Funerals)
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 19 (Chapters on Funerals)
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 20 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 20 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 21 (Chapters on Funerals)
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 22 (Chapters on Funerals)
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 23 (Chapters on Funerals)
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 24 (Chapters on Funerals)
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 25 (Chapters on Funerals)
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 26 (Chapters on Funerals)
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 27 (Chapters on Funerals)
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 28 (Chapters on Funerals)
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 29 (Chapters on Funerals)
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 30 (Chapters on Funerals)
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 31 (Chapters on Funerals)
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 32 (Chapters on Funerals)
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 33 (Chapters on Funerals)
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 34 (Chapters on Funerals)
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 35 (Chapters on Funerals)
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 36 (Chapters on Funerals)
[69] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 37 (Chapters on Funerals)
[70] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 38 (Chapters on Funerals)
[71] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 39 (Chapters on Funerals)
[72] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 40 (Chapters on Funerals)
[73] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 41 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[74] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 41 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[75] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 41 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[76] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 42 (Chapters on Funerals)
[77] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 43 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[78] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 43 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[79] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 43 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[80] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 43 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[81] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 43 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 44 (Chapters on Funerals)
[83] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 45 (Chapters on Funerals)
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 46 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 46 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[86] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 46 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[87] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 46 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[88] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 46 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[89] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 46 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[90] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 12 H 46 g (Chapters on Funerals)
[91] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 13 H 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[92] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 13 H 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[93] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 13 H 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[94] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[95] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[96] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[97] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[98] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[99] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[100] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 7 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[101] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 7 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[102] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 8 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[103] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 8 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[104] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 8 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[105] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 8 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[106] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 8 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[107] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 8 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[108] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 8 g (Chapters on Funerals)
[109] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 9 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[110] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 9 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[111] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 9 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[112] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 14 H 9 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[113] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 15 H 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[114] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 15 H 2 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[115] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 15 H 2 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[116] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 15 H 3 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[117] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 15 H 3 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[118] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 15 H 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[119] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 15 H 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[120] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 15 H 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[121] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 15 H 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[122] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 15 H 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[123] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 15 H 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[124] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 1 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[125] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 1 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[126] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 1 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[127] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[128] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[129] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[130] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[131] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[132] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[133] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[134] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[135] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[136] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[137] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 12 (Chapters on Funerals)
[138] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 13 (Chapters on Funerals)
[139] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 14 (Chapters on Funerals)
[140] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 15 (Chapters on Funerals)
[141] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 16 (Chapters on Funerals)
[142] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 17 (Chapters on Funerals)
[143] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 18 (Chapters on Funerals)
[144] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 19 (Chapters on Funerals)
[145] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 20 (Chapters on Funerals)
[146] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 21 (Chapters on Funerals)
[147] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 22 (Chapters on Funerals)
[148] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 23 (Chapters on Funerals)
[149] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 24 (Chapters on Funerals)
[150] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 25 (Chapters on Funerals)
[151] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 26 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[152] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 26 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[153] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 26 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[154] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 27 (Chapters on Funerals)
[155] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 28 (Chapters on Funerals)
[156] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 29 (Chapters on Funerals)
[157] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 30 (Chapters on Funerals)
[158] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 31 (Chapters on Funerals)
[159] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 32 (Chapters on Funerals)
[160] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 33 (Chapters on Funerals)
[161] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 34 (Chapters on Funerals)
[162] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 35 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[163] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 35 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[164] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 36 (Chapters on Funerals)
[165] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 37 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[166] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 37 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[167] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 38 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[168] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 38 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[169] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 39 (Chapters on Funerals)
[170] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 40 (Chapters on Funerals)
[171] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 41 (Chapters on Funerals)
[172] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 42 (Chapters on Funerals)
[173] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 43 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[174] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 43 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[175] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 43 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[176] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 43 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[177] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 43 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[178] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 43 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[179] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 43 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[180] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 44 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[181] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 44 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[182] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 45 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[183] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 45 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[184] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 45 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[185] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 45 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[186] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[187] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[188] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[189] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[190] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[191] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[192] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[193] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 g (Chapters on Funerals)
[194] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 h (Chapters on Funerals)
[195] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 i (Chapters on Funerals)
[196] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 j (Chapters on Funerals)
[197] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 k (Chapters on Funerals)
[198] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 46 l (Chapters on Funerals)
[199] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 47 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[200] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 47 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[201] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 47 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[202] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[203] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[204] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[205] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[206] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[207] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[208] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 g (Chapters on Funerals)
[209] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 h (Chapters on Funerals)
[210] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 i (Chapters on Funerals)
[211] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 j (Chapters on Funerals)
[212] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 k (Chapters on Funerals)
[213] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 l (Chapters on Funerals)
[214] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 m (Chapters on Funerals)
[215] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 48 n (Chapters on Funerals)
[216] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 49 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[217] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 49 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[218] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 50 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[219] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 50 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[220] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 50 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[221] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 50 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[222] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 51 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[223] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 51 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[224] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 52 (Chapters on Funerals)
[225] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[226] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[227] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[228] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[229] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[230] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[231] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[232] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[233] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[234] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[235] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[236] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 12 (Chapters on Funerals)
[237] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 13 (Chapters on Funerals)
[238] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 14 (Chapters on Funerals)
[239] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 15 (Chapters on Funerals)
[240] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 16 (Chapters on Funerals)
[241] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 17 (Chapters on Funerals)
[242] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 18 (Chapters on Funerals)
[243] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 19 (Chapters on Funerals)
[244] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 20 (Chapters on Funerals)
[245] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 21 (Chapters on Funerals)
[246] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 22 (Chapters on Funerals)
[247] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 53 / 23 (Chapters on Funerals)
[248] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 54 (Chapters on Funerals)
[249] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 55 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[250] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 55 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[251] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 55 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[252] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 55 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[253] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 55 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[254] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 55 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[255] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 55 g (Chapters on Funerals)
[256] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 55 h (Chapters on Funerals)
[257] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 16 H 55 i (Chapters on Funerals)
[258] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[259] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[260] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[261] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[262] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[263] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[264] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[265] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[266] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 9 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[267] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 9 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[268] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 9 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[269] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 9 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[270] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 9 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[271] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[272] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 11 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[273] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 11 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[274] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 11 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[275] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 12 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[276] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 12 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[277] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 12 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[278] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 12 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[279] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 12 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[280] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 12 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[281] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 13 (Chapters on Funerals)
[282] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 14 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[283] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 14 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[284] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 14 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[285] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 14 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[286] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 14 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[287] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 15 (Chapters on Funerals)
[288] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 16 (Chapters on Funerals)
[289] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 17 (Chapters on Funerals)
[290] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 18 (Chapters on Funerals)
[291] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 17 H 19 (Chapters on Funerals)
[292] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[293] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[294] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[295] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[296] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[297] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[298] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[299] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[300] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[301] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[302] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[303] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 12 (Chapters on Funerals)
[304] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 13 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[305] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 13 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[306] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 14 (Chapters on Funerals)
[307] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 15 (Chapters on Funerals)
[308] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 16 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[309] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 16 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[310] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 16 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[311] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 16 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[312] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 16 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[313] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 16 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[314] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 17 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[315] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 17 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[316] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 17 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[317] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 17 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[318] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 17 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[319] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 17 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[320] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 17 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[321] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 17 g (Chapters on Funerals)
[322] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 18 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[323] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 18 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[324] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 19 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[325] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 19 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[326] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 19 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[327] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 19 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[328] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 19 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[329] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 20 (Chapters on Funerals)
[330] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 21 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[331] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 21 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[332] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 21 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[333] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 21 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[334] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 21 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[335] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 21 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[336] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 21 g (Chapters on Funerals)
[337] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 21 h (Chapters on Funerals)
[338] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 1 (Chapters on Funerals)
[339] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 2 (Chapters on Funerals)
[340] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 3 (Chapters on Funerals)
[341] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 4 (Chapters on Funerals)
[342] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 5 (Chapters on Funerals)
[343] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 6 (Chapters on Funerals)
[344] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 7 (Chapters on Funerals)
[345] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 8 (Chapters on Funerals)
[346] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 9 (Chapters on Funerals)
[347] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 10 (Chapters on Funerals)
[348] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 11 (Chapters on Funerals)
[349] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 12 (Chapters on Funerals)
[350] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 13 (Chapters on Funerals)
[351] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 14 (Chapters on Funerals)
[352] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 15 (Chapters on Funerals)
[353] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 16 (Chapters on Funerals)
[354] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 17 (Chapters on Funerals)
[355] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 18 (Chapters on Funerals)
[356] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 19 (Chapters on Funerals)
[357] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 20 (Chapters on Funerals)
[358] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 22 / 21 (Chapters on Funerals)
[359] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 23 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[360] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 23 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[361] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 24 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[362] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 24 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[363] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 25 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[364] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 25 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[365] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 25 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[366] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 25 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[367] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 25 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[368] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 26 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[369] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 26 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[370] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 26 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[371] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 26 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[372] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 26 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[373] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 26 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[374] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 26 g (Chapters on Funerals)
[375] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 26 h (Chapters on Funerals)
[376] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 26 i (Chapters on Funerals)
[377] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 27 (Chapters on Funerals)
[378] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 28 (Chapters on Funerals)
[379] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 29 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[380] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 29 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[381] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 29 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[382] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 30 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[383] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 30 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[384] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 30 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[385] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 30 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[386] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 18 H 31 (Chapters on Funerals)
[387] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 19 H 1 a (Chapters on Funerals)
[388] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 19 H 1 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[389] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 19 H 1 b (Chapters on Funerals)
[390] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 19 H 1 c (Chapters on Funerals)
[391] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 19 H 1 d (Chapters on Funerals)
[392] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 19 H 1 e (Chapters on Funerals)
[393] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 19 H 1 f (Chapters on Funerals)
[394] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 19 H 1 g (Chapters on Funerals)
[395] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 79 – The Book Cleanliness – Ch 19 H 1 h (Chapters on Funerals)