Part 2 out of 4
Volume 93
بحار الانوار الجامعة لدرر أخبار الائمة الاطهار
Bihar Al-Anwaar – The summary of the pearls of the Ahadeeth of the Pure Imams-asws
تأليف العلامة فخر الامة المولى الشيخ محمد باقر المجلسيى
Author – The Allama, the pride of the community, the Mullah, the Sheikh Muhammad Baqir Al Majlisi
باب 12 وجوب زكاة الفطر و فضلها
CHAPTER 12 – OBLIGATION OF ZAKAT OF ‘AL FITR’ AND ITS MERIT
الآيات الأعلى قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ تَزَكَّى وَ ذَكَرَ اسْمَ رَبِّهِ فَصَلَّى.
The Verses – (Surah) Al A’ala: He has succeeded, the one who purifies himself [87:14] And does Zikr of a Name of his Lord, so he sends Salawat [87:15].
1- يد، التوحيد مع، معاني الأخبار لي، الأمالي للصدوق ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْأَزْدِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانٍ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ ع قَالَ: مَنْ خَتَمَ صِيَامَهُ بِقَوْلٍ صَالِحٍ أَوْ عَمَلٍ صَالِحٍ تَقَبَّلَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ صِيَامَهُ
(The books) ‘Al Tawheed’, (and) ‘Al Ma’any Al Akhbaar’, (and) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Ibn Al Mutawakkil, from Al Sa’adabady, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Ziyad Al Azdy, from Aban and someone else,
‘From Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘One who ends his fasts with a righteous word or a righteous deed, Allah-azwj will Accept his fasts from him’.
فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مَا الْقَوْلُ الصَّالِحُ
It was said to him-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! What is the righteous word?’
قَالَ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ الْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ إِخْرَاجُ الْفِطْرَةِ.
He-asws said: ‘Testimony that there is no god except Allah-azwj, and the righteous deed is extracting the ‘Fitra’ (Zakat)’’.[1]
2- فس، تفسير القمي قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ أَوْصانِي بِالصَّلاةِ وَ الزَّكاةِ قَالَ زَكَاةُ الرُّءُوسِ لِأَنَّ كُلَّ النَّاسِ لَيْسَتْ لَهُمْ أَمْوَالٌ وَ إِنَّمَا الْفِطْرَةُ عَلَى الْفَقِيرِ وَ الْغَنِيِ وَ الصَّغِيرِ وَ الْكَبِيرِ.
Tafseer Al Qummi –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said regarding His-azwj Words: and He has Enjoined upon me with the Salat and the Zakat [19:31]. He-asws said: ‘Zakat of the heads, because all the people haven’t got wealth for them, and rather the ‘Fitra’ is upon the poor and the rich, and the young and the old’’.[2]
3- فس، تفسير القمي قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ تَزَكَّى قَالَ زَكَاةُ الْفِطْرِ فَإِذَا أَخْرَجَهَا قَبْلَ صَلَاةِ الْعِيدِ
Tafseer Al Qummi –
‘He has succeeded, the one who purifies himself [87:14], he said, ‘Zakat ‘Al-Fitra’, when he extracts it before the Eid Salat.
وَ ذَكَرَ اسْمَ رَبِّهِ فَصَلَّى قَالَ صَلَاةُ الْفِطْرِ وَ الْأَضْحَى.
And does Zikr of a Name of his Lord, so he sends Salawat [87:15]. He-asws said: ‘Salat of Al-Fitr and Al-Az’ha’’.[3]
4- ب، قرب الإسناد عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ فِطْرَةِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ هِيَ أَوْ عَلَى مَنْ صَامَ وَ عَرَفَ الصَّلَاةَ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ –
‘Ali, from his brother (Musa Al-Kazim-asws), he said, ‘I asked him-asws about ‘Fitra’ of the month of Ramazan, ‘Is it upon every person or upon the one who fasts and recognises the Salat?’
قَالَ هِيَ عَلَى كُلِّ صَغِيرٍ وَ كَبِيرٍ مِمَّنْ يَعُولُ.
He-asws said: ‘It is upon every young and old, from the ones he supports’’.[4]
5- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ مُعَتِّبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: اذْهَبْ فَأَعْطِ عَنْ عِيَالِيَ الْفِطْرَةَ وَ أَعْطِ عَنِ الرَّقِيقِ بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ وَ لَا تَدَعْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ تَرَكْتَ مِنْهُمْ إِنْسَاناً تَخَوَّفْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْفَوْتَ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Abdul Jabbar, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Is’haq Bin Ammar, from Moattab,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Go, give the ‘Fitra’ on behalf of dependants, and give on behalf of the slaves, all of them, not leaving any one of them, for if you were to leave out a person from them, you will be fearing the expiry upon him’.
فَقُلْتُ وَ مَا الْفَوْتُ
I said, ‘And what is the expiry?’
قَالَ الْمَوْتُ.
He-asws said: ‘The death’’.[5]
6- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ أَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَ آتُوا الزَّكاةَ قَالَ هِيَ الْفِطْرَةُ الَّتِي افْتَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said,
‘I asked about Abu Abdullah-asws about Words of Allah-azwj: ‘And establish the Salat, and give the Zakat, [73:20]. He-asws said: ‘It is the ‘Fitra’ which Allah-azwj has Imposed upon the Momineen’’.[6]
7- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرَةِ أَ وَاجِبَةٌ هِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الزَّكَاةِ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Ibrahim Bin Abdul Hameen,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about charity of ‘Al-Fitra’, ‘Is it obligatory at the status of the Zakat?’
فَقَالَ هِيَ مِمَّا قَالَ اللَّهُ أَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَ آتُوا الزَّكاةَ هِيَ وَاجِبَةٌ.
He-asws said: ‘It is from what Allah-saww Said: And establish the Salat, and give the Zakat, [73:20]. It is obligatory’’.[7]
8- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: نَزَلَتِ الزَّكَاةُ وَ لَيْسَ لِلنَّاسِ الْأَمْوَالُ وَ إِنَّمَا كَانَتِ الْفِطْرَةُ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Hisham Bin Al Hakam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Zakat was Revealed and there wasn’t the wealth for the people, and rather it was ‘Al-Fitra’’.[8]
9- نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أَدَّى زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ تَمَّمَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَا نَقَصَ مِنْ زَكَاتِهِ.
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy –
‘From Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who pays Zakat ‘Al-Fitra’, Allah-azwj will Complete for him what is deficient from his Zakat’’.[9]
باب 13 قَدْرُ الْفِطْرَةِ وَ مَنْ تَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ وَ أن [مَنْ] يُؤَدِّي عَنْهُ وَ مُسْتَحِقُّ الْفِطْرَةِ
CHAPTER 13 – MEASUREMENT OF AL-FITRA AND WHO IT IS OBLIGATED UPON, AND THE ONE TO BE PAID ON HIS BEHALF, AND DESERVING (RECEPIENT) OF AL-FITRA
1- ب، قرب الإسناد عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَخِيهِ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُكَاتَبِ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ فِطْرَةُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَوْ عَلَى مَنْ كَاتَبَهُ وَ هَلْ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ –
‘Ali, from his brother (Musa Al-Kazim-asws), he said, ‘I asked him-asws about the contracted slave, ‘Is it upon him ‘Fitra’ of month of Ramazan, or upon the one he contracts, and its his testimony allowed?’
قَالَ لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ وَ الْفِطْرَةُ عَلَيْهِ.
He-asws said: ‘His testimony is not allowed and the ‘Fitra’ is upon him’’.[10]
2- ل، الخصال فِي خَبَرِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: زَكَاةُ الْفِطْرَةِ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ رَأْسٍ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى أَرْبَعَةُ أَمْدَادٍ مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ وَ الشَّعِيرِ وَ التَّمْرِ وَ الزَّبِيبِ وَ هُوَ صَاعٌ تَامٌّ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ دَفْعُ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا إِلَى أَهْلِ الْوَلَايَةِ وَ الْمَعْرِفَةِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – In a Hadeeth by Al Amsh,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Zakat ‘Al-Fitra’ is obligatory upon every head, young or old, free or slave, male or female, four ‘Mudd’s’ of wheat, and barley, and dates, and raisins, and it is a complete ‘Sa’a’, and it is not allowed to hand over that except to people of Al-Wilayah and the recognition (Shias)’’.[11]
Note – A “Mudd” is an ancient Islamic unit of measure that was traditionally used to measure grains and other food items. Its size can vary slightly depending on the region and context, but it is generally accepted to be equivalent to the volume that can be held in two cupped hands. In more precise terms, a Mudd is typically considered to be approximately: 0.75 litres (750 millilitres) or 750 grams of a given substance, although this can vary depending on the density of the substance being measured (e.g., grains, dates, etc.).
For practical purposes, when measuring for religious obligations like Zakat al-Fitr (alms given at the end of Ramadan), it is often converted to a more standardized measure depending on local practices.
3- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرَةِ أُعْطِيهَا غَيْرَ أَهْلِ وَلَايَتِي مِنْ فُقَرَاءِ جِيرَانِي
‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Al Yaqteeny, from Yunus, from Is’haq,
‘From Abu Ibrahim-asws (Musa Al-Kazim-asws), he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him about charity of ‘Al-Fitra’, ‘Can I give it to other than the people of my wilayah (friends), my poor neighbours?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ الْجِيرَانُ أَحَقُّ بِهَا لِمَكَانِ الشُّهْرَةِ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes, the neighbour is more rightful with it due to the place of the familiarity’’.[12]
4- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ جَعَلَ مُدَّيْنِ مِنَ الْبُرِّ عِدْلَ صَاعٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ عُثْمَانُ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Ibn Aban, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ali Bin Al-Hassan Bin Fazal, from Abbad Bin Yaqoub, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Yahya,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘The first one to equate making two ‘Mudd’s’ equating to one ‘Sa’a’ of dates, was Usman’’.[13]
5- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ يَاسِرٍ الْقُمِّيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: الْفِطْرَةُ صَاعٌ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ زَبِيبٍ وَ إِنَّمَا خَفَّفَ الْحِنْطَةَ مُعَاوِيَةُ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Yazeed, from Yasir Al Qummi,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘The ‘Fitra’ is a ‘Sa’a’ of wheat, or a ‘Sa’a’ of dates, or a ‘Sa’a’ of raisins, and rather Muawiya had lightened the wheat’’.[14]
6- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَاءِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْحَذَّاءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ صَدَقَةَ الْفِطْرَةِ أَنَّهَا عَلَى كُلِّ صَغِيرٍ وَ كَبِيرٍ مِنْ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى صَاعٌ مِنْ زَبِيبٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ ذُرَةٍ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Ibn Aban, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazala, from Abu Al Magra’a, from Al-Husayn Al Haza’a,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he-asws mentioned charity ‘Al-Fitra’: ‘It is upon every young and old, from free one or slave, male or female – a Sa’a of raisings, or a Sa’a of barley, or a Sa’a of corn’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ زَمَنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَ خَصَبَ النَّاسُ عَدَلَ النَّاسُ [عَنْ] ذَلِكَ إِلَى نِصْفِ صَاعٍ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ.
He-asws said: ‘When it was the era of Muawiya and the people prospered, the people turned away from that to half a Sa’a of wheat’’.[15]
7- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ فِي الْفِطْرَةِ جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ بِصَاعٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعٍ مِنْ زَبِيبٍ أَوْ صَاعٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي زَمَنِ عُثْمَانَ كَثُرَتِ الْحِنْطَةُ وَ قَوَّمَهُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ مِنْ بُرٍّ بِصَاعٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Ibn Aban, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Muawiya Bin Wahb who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘In the ‘Fitra’ the Sunnah flowed with a Sa’a of dates, or a Sa’a of raisins, or a Sa’a of barley. When it was the era of Usman, the wheat was abundant and the people evaluated it. He said, ‘Half a Sa’a of wheat for half a Sa’a of barley’’.[16]
8- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ وَ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ وَ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: التَّمْرُ فِي الْفِطْرَةِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ لِأَنَّهُ أَسْرَعُ مَنْفَعَةً وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ إِذَا وَقَعَ فِي يَدِ صَاحِبِهِ أَكَلَ مِنْهُ
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Hashim, and Ayoub Bin Nuh, and Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar and Ibn Yazeed together, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The dates in the ‘Fitra’ are superior to something else because it is of swiftest benefit, and that is because when it falls in the hand of its recipient, he can eat from it’.
وَ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الزَّكَاةُ وَ لَيْسَ لِلنَّاسِ أَمْوَالٌ وَ إِنَّمَا كَانَتِ الْفِطْرَةُ.
And he-asws said: ‘This Zakat was Revealed and there wasn’t wealth for the people, and rather it was the ‘Fitra’’.[17]
9- مع، معاني الأخبار ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام أَبِي وَ ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ مَعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ مَعاً عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ وَ كَانَ مَعَنَا حَاجّاً قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع عَلَى يَدِ أَبِي جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ أَصْحَابَنَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِي الصَّاعِ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقُولُ الْفِطْرَةُ بِصَاعِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقُولُ بِصَاعِ الْعِرَاقِ
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’, (and) ‘Uyoun Al Akhbaar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – My father and Ibn Al Waleed, both together from Muhammad Al Attar and Ahmad Bin Idrees, both together from Al Ash’ary, from Ja’far Bin Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Al Hamdany, and they were both with us as pilgrims,
‘I wrote to Abu Al-Hassan-asws (delivered) upon the hand of my father, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Our companions are differing regarding the ‘Sa’a’. Some of them are saying, ‘The Fitra is with a Sa’a of Al-Medina’, and some of them are saying with ‘Sa’a’ of Al-Iraq’.
فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ الصَّاعُ سِتَّةُ أَرْطَالٍ بِالْمَدِينِيِّ وَ تِسْعَةُ أَرْطَالٍ بِالْعِرَاقِيِّ
He-asws wrote to me: ‘The ‘Sa’a’ is of six ‘Ratls’ of Al-Medina, and nine ‘Ratls’ of Al-Iraq’.
قَالَ وَ أَخْبَرَنِي فَقَالَ بِالْوَزْنِ يَكُونُ أَلْفاً وَ مِائَةً وَ سَبْعِينَ دِرْهَماً.
He (the narrator) said, ‘And he-asws informed me. He-asws said: ‘By weight it would be one thousand one hundred and seventy Dirhams’’.[18]
10- مع، معاني الأخبار بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ الْكُوفِيِ أَنَّهُ جَاءَ بِمُدٍّ وَ ذَكَرَ أَنَّ ابْنَ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ أَعْطَاهُ ذَلِكَ الْمُدَّ وَ قَالَ أَعْطَانِيهِ فُلَانٌ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ قَالَ أَعْطَانِيهِ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ قَالَ هَذَا مُدُّ النَّبِيِّ ص
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – By this chain from Al Ash’ary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Abu All Qasim Al Kufi,
‘He came with a ‘Mudd’ and mentioned that Ibn Abu Umeyr had given him that ‘Mudd’, and said it had been given to him by so and so man from companions of Abu Abdullah-asws, and he said Abu Abdullah-asws had given it to him and had said: ‘This is a ‘Mudd’ of the Prophet-saww’.
فَعَيَّرْنَاهُ فَوَجَدْنَاهُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَمْدَادٍ وَ هُوَ قَفِيزٌ وَ رُبُعٌ بِقَفِيزِنَا هَذَا.
We measured it and found it as being four ‘Mudds’, and it is a ‘Qafeer’ and a quarter by this ‘Qafeer’ of ours’’.[19]
Note – A “Qafiz” (or “Kafiz”) is an ancient unit of measure used in various Islamic and Middle Eastern contexts. The exact size of a Qafiz could vary by region and historical period, but it is generally understood to be a unit for measuring volume, particularly for dry goods like grains.
In more specific terms: A Qafiz was often considered to be equivalent to 12 Sa’s. One Sa’ is traditionally equal to four Mudds. Given this, a Qafiz could be understood as: 12 Sa’s x 4 Mudds per Sa’ = 48 Mudds.
However, the precise conversion could differ based on local customs and historical changes in measurement standards.
11- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام ادْفَعْ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ وَ عَنْ كُلِّ مَنْ تَعُولُ مِنْ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ حُرٍّ وَ عَبْدٍ ذَكَرٍ وَ أُنْثَى وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فَرَضَهَا زَكَاةً لِلْفِطْرَةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَكْثُرَ الْأَمْوَالُ فَقَالَ أَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَ آتُوا الزَّكاةَ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws: ‘Hand over Zakat ‘Al-Fitra’ on behalf of yourself and every one you support, from young or old, free or slave, male or female; and know that Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted had Imposed it as Zakat of ‘Al-Fitra’ before the wealth’s were abundant. He-azwj Said: And establish the Salat, and give the Zakat, [73:20].
وَ إِخْرَاجُ الْفِطْرَةِ وَاجِبٌ عَلَى الْغَنِيِّ وَ الْفَقِيرِ وَ الْعَبْدِ وَ الْحُرِّ وَ عَلَى الذُّكْرَانِ وَ الْإِنَاثِ وَ الصَّغِيرِ وَ الْكَبِيرِ وَ الْمُنَافِقِ وَ الْمُخَالِفِ لِكُلِّ رَأْسٍ صَاعٌ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَ هُوَ تِسْعَةُ أَرْطَالٍ بِالْعِرَاقِيِّ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ زَبِيبٍ أَوْ قِيمَةُ ذَلِكَ
And extraction of ‘Al-Fitra’ is obligatory upon the rich and the poor, and the slave and the free, and upon the males and the females, and the young and the old, and the hypocrite and the adversary, for each head, a Sa’a of dates. He is of nine Iraqi Ratls (by weight), or a Sa’a of wheat, or a Sa’a of barley, or a Sa’a of raisins, or value of that.
وَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ ثَمَناً فَلْيُخْرِجْ مِائَتَيْنِ وَ ثَلَاثِينَ دِرْهَماً إِلَى دِرْهَمٍ وَ الثُّلُثَانِ أَقَلُّ مَا رُوِيَ وَ الدِّرْهَمُ أَكْثَرُ مَا رُوِيَ وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ ثَمَنُ تِسْعَةِ أَرْطَالِ تَمْرٍ وَ رُوِيَ مَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ يَدُهُ لِإِخْرَاجِ الْفِطْرَةِ أَخَذَ مِنَ النَّاسِ فِطْرَتَهُمْ وَ أَخْرَجَ مَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهَا
And one who loves to extract a price (cash), let him extract two hundred and thirty Dirhams to a Dirham and two-third, less than what is reported, and the Dirham is more than what is reported, and it has been reported the price is nine Ratls of dates, and it is reported one who is not capable of hand (means) to extract the Fitra, he can take from the people their Fitra and extract what is obligated upon him from it.
وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِإِخْرَاجِ الْفِطْرَةِ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ ثُمَّ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنْ أَخَّرَهَا إِلَى أَنْ تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ صَارَتْ صَدَقَةً وَ لَا يُدْفَعُ الْفِطْرَ إِلَّا إِلَى مُسْتَحِقٍّ وَ أَفْضَلُ مَا يُعْمَلُ بِهِ فِيهَا أَنْ يُخْرَجَ إِلَى الْفَقِيهِ لِيَصْرِفَهَا فِي وُجُوهِهَا بِهَذَا جَاءَتِ الرِّوَايَاتُ
And there is no problem with extracting the ‘Fitra’ when the last ten (days) enter, then up to the day of (Eid) Al-Fitr before the Salat. If delays it up to decline of the sun (midday), it would become charity; and the Fitra cannot be given except to a deserving one; and the best of what can be worked with regarding it is that you should extract it to (be given to) the jurist so he would distribute it in its aspects. The reports have come with this.
وَ رُوِيَ الْفِطْرَةُ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ مِنْ بُرٍّ وَ سَائِرُهُ صَاعاً صَاعاً وَ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُدْفَعَ مَا يَلْزَمُهُ وَاحِدٌ إِلَى نَفْسَيْنِ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَكَ مَمْلُوكٌ مُسْلِمٌ أَوْ ذِمِّيٌّ فَادْفَعْ عَنْهُ وَ إِنْ وُلِدَ لَكَ مَوْلُودٌ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ فَادْفَعْ عَنْهُ الْفِطْرَةَ وَ إِنْ وُلِدَ بَعْدَ الزَّوَالِ فَلَا فِطْرَةَ عَلَيْهِ وَ كَذَلِكَ إِذَا أَسْلَمَ الرَّجُلُ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ أَوْ بَعْدَهُ فَعَلَى هَذَا
And reported that the ‘Fitra’ is a Sa’a of wheat, and rest of it is a Sa’a, a Sa’a, and it is not allowed to give what necessitates one person, to two people. If there was a Muslim slave for you or a ‘Zimmy’, give on his behalf, and if there is new-born for you on the day of (Eid) Al-Fitr before the midday, give the Fitra on his behalf, and if he is born after the midday, there is no Fitra upon him, and like that, when the man becomes a Muslim before the midday or after it, it is based upon this.
وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِإِخْرَاجِ الْفِطْرَةِ فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِلَى آخِرِهِ وَ هِيَ الزَّكَاةُ إِلَى أَنْ تُصَلَّى صَلَاةُ الْعِيدِ فَإِنْ أَخْرَجَهَا بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ فَهِيَ صَدَقَةٌ وَ أَفْضَلُ وَقْتِهَا آخِرُ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ.
And there is no problem with extracting the Fitra in beginning of a day of a month of Ramazan up to its end, and it is the Zakat up to your praying the Eid Salat. If it is extracted after the Salat, it is charity, and the best of its timing is last day of a month of Ramazan’’.[20]
12- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ غَيْرُ ابْنِهِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ زَكَاةِ الْفِطْرَةِ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Zurara who said,
‘I asked Abu Ja’far-asws, and there wasn’t anyone in his-asws presence apart from his-asws son-asws Ja’far-asws, about Zakat of the Fitra.
فَقَالَ يُؤَدِّي الرَّجُلُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ عِيَالِهِ وَ عَنْ رَقِيقِهِ الذَّكَرِ مِنْهُمْ وَ الْأُنْثَى وَ الصَّغِيرِ مِنْهُمْ وَ الْكَبِيرِ صَاعاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ عَنْ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ أَوْ نِصْفَ صَاعٍ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ وَ هِيَ الزَّكَاةُ الَّتِي فَرَضَهَا اللَّهُ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَعَ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْغَنِيِّ وَ الْفَقِيرِ مِنْهُمْ وَ هُمْ جُلُّ النَّاسِ وَ أَصْحَابُ الْأَمْوَالِ أَجَلُّ النَّاسِ )أقل الناس(
He-asws said: ‘The man should pay on his own behalf, and his dependants, and his slave, the male from them and the female, and the young from them and the old, a Sa’a of dates on behalf of every person, or half a Sa’a of wheat, and it is the Zakat which Allah-azwj has Imposed upon the Momineen along with the Salat, upon the rich and the poor from them, and they are majority of the people, and owners of the wealth are minority of the people’.
قَالَ وَ قُلْتُ عَلَى الْفَقِيرِ الَّذِي يُتَصَدَّقُ عَلَيْهِمْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘And I said, ‘Upon the poor, those we give charity to?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ يُعْطِي مَا يُتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes. It would be given to him that he can give charity with’’.[21]
13- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ مُكْرَمٍ الْجَمَّالِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَعْطِ الْفِطْرَةَ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ وَ أَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَ آتُوا الزَّكاةَ وَ الَّذِي يَأْخُذُ الْفِطْرَةَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ عَنْ عِيَالِهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُعْطِهَا حَتَّى يَنْصَرِفَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ فَلَا يُعَدُّ لَهُ فِطْرَةٌ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Salim Bin Mukram Al Jammal,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Give the Fitra before the (Eid) Salat, and it is Word of Allah-azwj: And establish the Salat, and give the Zakat, [73:20], and the one who takes the Fitra, upon him is that he should pay on his own behalf and on behalf of his dependants, and if he has not paid it until he finishes from his Salat, it is not counted for him as ‘Fitra’’.[22]
14- الْهِدَايَةُ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع ادْفَعْ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرَةِ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ وَ عَنْ كُلِّ مَنْ تَعُولُ مِنْ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ وَ حُرٍّ وَ عَبْدٍ وَ ذَكَرٍ وَ أُنْثَى صَاعاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعاً مِنْ زَبِيبٍ أَوْ صَاعاً مِنْ بُرٍّ أَوْ صَاعاً مِنْ شَعِيرٍ وَ أَفْضَلُ ذَلِكَ التَّمْرُ
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Give Zakat ‘Al-Fitra’ on your own behalf, and on behalf of every one you support, from young or old, and free and slave, and male and female, a Sa’a of dates, or a Sa’a or raising, or a Sa’a of wheat, or a Sa’a of barley, and best of that is the date (as it can be eaten immediately).
وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ تَدْفَعَ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ وَ عَنْ مَنْ تَعُولُ إِلَى أَحَدٍ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ وَاحِدٌ إِلَى نَفْسَيْنِ.
And there is no problem with giving on behalf of yourself, and on behalf of ones you support, to anyone, and it is not allowed to give one (portion) to two persons’’.[23]
وَ مِنْهُ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع لَا بَأْسَ بِإِخْرَاجِ الْفِطْرَةِ فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِلَى آخِرِهِ وَ هِيَ زَكَاةٌ إِلَى أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الْعِيدَ فَإِنْ أَخْرَجَهَا بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ فَهِيَ صَدَقَةٌ وَ أَفْضَلُ وَقْتِهَا آخِرُ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ.
And from it, ‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘There is no problem with extracting the Fitra in beginning of a day of a month of Ramazan up to its end, and it is Zakat up to his praying the Eid Salat, and it is (classified as) Zakat until he prays the Eid Salat. If he extracts it after the Salat, it is (classified as) charity, and best of its timing is last day of a month of Ramazan’’.[24]
وَ مِنْهُ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع إِذَا كَانَ لِلرَّجُلِ عَبْدٌ مُسْلِمٌ أَوْ ذِمِّيٌّ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ عَنْهُ الْفِطْرَةَ وَ إِذَا كَانَ الْمَمْلُوكُ بَيْنَ نَفَرَيْنِ فَلَا فِطْرَةَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ لِرَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ.
And from it, ‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘When there were to be for the man a Muslim slave or a Zimmy, upon him is to give the Fitra on his behalf, and when the slave was (owned) between two persons, there is no Fitra upon him except if he happens to be for one man’’.[25]
وَ مِنْهُ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع لَا تُدْفَعُ الْفِطْرَةُ إِلَّا إِلَى أَهْلِ الْوَلَايَةِ.
And from it, ‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Do not give the Fitra except to people of Al-Wilayah’’.[26]
وَ مِنْهُ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع مَنْ حَلَّتْ لَهُ الْفِطْرَةُ لَمْ تَحِلَّ عَلَيْهِ.
And from it, ‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘One the Fitra is Permissible for (i.e., he is entitled to it), it is not Permissible (obligatory) upon him (to pay it)’’.[27]
وَ مِنْهُ، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع الْفِطْرَةُ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ فَمَنْ لَمْ يُخْرِجْهَا خِيفَ عَلَيْهِ الْفَوْتُ
And from it, ‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘The ‘Fitra’ is obligatory upon every Muslim. The one who does not extract it, the expiry would be feared upon him’.
فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَ مَا الْفَوْتُ
It was said to him-asws, ‘And what is the expiry?’
قَالَ الْمَوْتُ.
He-asws said: ‘The death’’.[28]
وَ مِنْهُ، سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع عَنِ الْفِطْرَةِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَوَادِي فَقَالَ عَلَى كُلِّ مَنِ اقْتَاتَ قُوتاً أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
And from it, ‘Al-Sadiq-asws was asked about the ‘Fitra’ upon people of the valleys. He-asws said: ‘Upon every one having daily subsistence, he should give from that’.
وَ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ بِالْبَادِيَةِ لَا يُمْكِنُهُ الْفِطْرَةُ فَقَالَ يَصَّدَّقُ بِأَرْبَعَةِ أَرْطَالٍ مِنْ لَبَنٍ.
And he-asws was asked about a man of the valleys unable to pay the Fitra. He-asws said: ‘He should donate four Ratls of milk’’.[29]
15- الْإِقْبَالُ، رَوَيْنَا بِإِسْنَادِنَا إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ الْفِطْرَةَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ النَّاسُ إِلَى الْجَبَّانَةِ فَإِنْ أَدَّاهَا بَعْدَ مَا يَخْرُجُ فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ صَدَقَةٌ وَ لَيْسَتْ فِطْرَةً.
(The book) ‘Al Iqbal’ –
‘We are reporting by our chain up to Abu Abdullah-asws, he-asws said: ‘It is befitting to give the ‘Fitra’ before the people go out to the graveyard. If he pays it after their having gone out (returned), so rather it is charity and it isn’t ‘Fitra’’.[30]
16- دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ تَزَكَّى قَالَ أَدَّى زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ
(The book) ‘Da’aim Al Islam’ –
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, he-asws said regarding Words of Allah-azwj: ‘He has succeeded, the one who purifies himself [87:14], he said, ‘He pays Zakat ‘Al-Fitra’.
وَ ذَكَرَ اسْمَ رَبِّهِ فَصَلَّى يَعْنِي صَلَاةَ الْعِيدِ فِي الْجَبَّانَةِ.
And does Zikr of a Name of his Lord, so he sends Salawat [87:15]. He-asws said: ‘Salat of Al-Eid in the graveyard’’.[31]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ زَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ قَالَ هِيَ الزَّكَاةُ الَّتِي فَرَضَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى جَمِيعِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَعَ الصَّلَاةِ بِقَوْلِهِ وَ أَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَ آتُوا الزَّكاةَ عَلَى الْغَنِيِّ وَ الْفَقِيرِ وَ الْفُقَرَاءُ هُمْ أَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ وَ الْأَغْنِيَاءُ أَقَلُّهُمْ فَأَمَرَ كَافَّةَ النَّاسِ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ.
And from Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Ali-asws, he-asws was asked about Zakat of the ‘Fitra’. He‑asws said: ‘It is the Zakat which Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Imposed upon entirety of the Momineen along with the Salat, by His-azwj Words: And establish the Salat, and give the Zakat, [73:20], upon the rich and the poor. The poor, they are majority of the people and the rich are their minority. He-azwj Commanded all the people with (praying) the Salat and (giving) the Zakat’’.[32]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: تَجِبُ صَدَقَةُ الْفِطْرِ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ عَنْ كُلِّ مَنْ فِي عِيَالِهِ مِمَّنْ يَمُونُ مِنْ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى عَنْ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ صَاعٌ مِنْ طَعَامٍ.
And from Ali-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Charity of the ‘Fitra’ is obligated upon the man on behalf of every one of his dependants, from the ones he provides, from young or old, free or slave, male or female, a Sa’a of food on behalf of every person’’.[33]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يَلْزَمُ الرَّجُلَ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ صَدَقَةَ الْفِطْرِ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ عَنْ عِيَالِهِ الذَّكَرِ مِنْهُمْ وَ الْأُنْثَى الصَّغِيرِ وَ الْكَبِيرِ الْحُرِّ وَ الْعَبْدِ وَ يُعْطِيَهَا عَنْهُمْ وَ إِنْ كَانُوا أَغْنِيَاءَ.
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘It necessitates the man to give charity of the ‘Fitra’ on behalf of himself, and on behalf of his dependants, the male from them and the female, the young and the old, the free and the slave, and he should give it on their behalf and even if they were rich’’.[34]
5 وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ هَلْ عَلَى الْفَقِيرِ الَّذِي يُتَصَدَّقُ عَلَيْهِ زَكَاةُ الْفِطْرَةِ
And from it, from Abu Ja’far Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, he-asws was asked, ‘The poor one whom charity is given to, is it upon him to pay the Zakat of the ‘Fitra’?’
قَالَ نَعَمْ يُعْطِي مِمَّا يُتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ.
He-asws said: ‘Yes, from what is donated with upon him’’.[35]
وَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: زَكَاةُ الْفِطْرِ عَلَى كُلِّ حَاضِرٍ وَ بادي [بَادٍ].
And from Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws having said: ‘Zakat of the ‘Fitra’ is upon every one present and distant’’.[36]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يُؤَدِّي الرَّجُلُ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ عَنْ عَبْدِهِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ كُلِّ مَنْ أَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِ بَابَهُ وَ عَنْ رَقِيقِ امْرَأَتِهِ إِذَا كَانُوا فِي عِيَالِهِ وَ تُؤَدِّي هِيَ عَنْهُمْ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُونُوا فِي عِيَالِ زَوْجِهَا وَ كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ فِي مَالِهَا دُونَهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا زَوْجٌ أَدَّتْ عَنْ نَفْسِهَا وَ عَنْ عِيَالِهَا وَ عَبِيدِهَا وَ مَنْ يَلْزَمُهَا نَفَقَتُهُ.
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘The man should pay Zakat of the ‘Fitra’ on behalf of his Jewish slave and Christian, and every one he locks his door upon (under his care), and on behalf of slave of his wife when they were in his dependency, and she should pay it on their behalf, and if they do not happen to be among dependants of her husband and they were working in her wealth apart from him, and if there does not happen to be a husband for her, she should pay on her own behalf, and on behalf of her dependants, and her slaves, and the one who expenses necessitate her’’.[37]
وَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع أَنَّهُمَا كَانَا يُؤَدِّيَانِ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع حَتَّى مَاتَا وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يُؤَدِّيهَا عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع حَتَّى مَاتَ وَ كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يُؤَدِّيهَا عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع حَتَّى مَاتَ
And from Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, they-asws were both paying Zakat Al Fitr on behalf of Ali-asws until they-asws passed away, and Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws paid it on behalf of Al-Husayn‑asws until he-asws passed away, and Abu Ja’far-asws was paying on behalf of Ali-asws (Bin Al-Husayn-asws) until he-asws passed away’.
قَالَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ع وَ أَنَا أُؤَدِّيهَا عَنْ أَبِي ع.
Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws said: ‘And I-asws am paying it on behalf of my-asws father-asws’’.[38]
و هذا و الله أعلم من التطوع في الصدقة عن الموتى لا على أنه شيء يلزم.
Note – And this, and Allah-azwj is more Knowing, is from the voluntary regarding the charity on behalf of the deceased, not upon that it is something necessary.
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: زَكَاةُ الْفِطْرِ صَاعٌ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعٌ مِنْ زَبِيبٍ.
And from Ali-asws having said: ‘Zakat of the ‘Fitra’ is a Sa’a from wheat, or a Sa’a from barley, or a Sa’a from dates, or a Sa’a from raisins’’.[39]
وَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ حِنْطَةً وَ لَا شَعِيراً وَ لَا تَمْراً وَ لَا زَبِيباً يُخْرِجُهُ مِنْ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ فَلْيُخْرِجْ عِوَضَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الدَّرَاهِمِ.
And from Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws having said: ‘One who can neither find wheat, nor barley, nor dates, nor raisins to extract from charity of ‘Al-Fitra’, let him extract from the Dirhams instead of that’’.[40]
وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِخْرَاجُ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ قَبْلَ الْفِطْرِ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ.
And from Ali-asws having said: ‘Extraction of charity of the ‘Fitra’ before (Salat of Eid) Al-Fitr is from the Sunnah’’.[41]
أبواب الصدقة
CHAPTERS ON THE CHARITY
باب 14 فضل الصدقة و أنواعها و آدابها
CHAPTER 14 – MERIT OF THE CHARITY AND ITS TYES AND ITS ETIQUETTES
الآيات
The Verses –
البقرة وَ آتَى الْمالَ عَلى حُبِّهِ ذَوِي الْقُرْبى وَ الْيَتامى وَ الْمَساكِينَ وَ ابْنَ السَّبِيلِ وَ السَّائِلِينَ وَ فِي الرِّقابِ
(Surah) Al Baqarah: and gives the wealth over his own love (for it) to the ones with relationships, and the orphans, and the poor, and the travellers, and the beggars, and regarding the necks (freeing slaves), [2:177].
و قال تعالى وَ أَنْفِقُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
And the Exalted Said: And spend in the Way of Allah [2:195].
و قال تعالى مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ قَرْضاً حَسَناً فَيُضاعِفَهُ لَهُ أَضْعافاً كَثِيرَةً وَ اللَّهُ يَقْبِضُ وَ يَبْصُطُ وَ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ
And the Exalted Said: Who is it that who will lend to Allah a goodly loan, so He will Multiply it for him manifold? And Allah Straitens and Amplifies, and to Him you shall be returning [2:245].
و قال تعالى يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْفِقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقْناكُمْ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ يَوْمٌ لا بَيْعٌ فِيهِ وَ لا خُلَّةٌ وَ لا شَفاعَةٌ
And the Exalted Said: O you those who believe! Spend out of what We have Given you, before the Day comes in which there would neither be any bargaining, nor any friendship nor intercession; [2:254].
و قال سبحانه مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوالَهُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ حَبَّةٍ أَنْبَتَتْ سَبْعَ سَنابِلَ فِي كُلِّ سُنْبُلَةٍ مِائَةُ حَبَّةٍ وَ اللَّهُ يُضاعِفُ لِمَنْ يَشاءُ وَ اللَّهُ واسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ
And the Glorious Said: The example of those who are spending their wealth in the Way of Allah is like the example of a grain growing seven ears, in every ear being a hundred grains; and Allah Multiplies for the one He so desires to; and Allah is Capacious, Knowing [2:261].
و قال تعالى وَ ما أَنْفَقْتُمْ مِنْ نَفَقَةٍ أَوْ نَذَرْتُمْ مِنْ نَذْرٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُهُ وَ ما لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ أَنْصارٍ
آل عمران أُعِدَّتْ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ فِي السَّرَّاءِ وَ الضَّرَّاءِ
(Surah) Aal-e-Imran-as: prepared for the pious [3:133] Those who are spending (benevolently) in ease as well as in hardship, [3:134].
النساء وَ ما ذا عَلَيْهِمْ لَوْ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَ أَنْفَقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَ كانَ اللَّهُ بِهِمْ عَلِيماً
(Surah) Al Nisaa: And what would be against them if they were to believe in Allah and the Last Day and spent (benevolently) from what Allah has Given them? And Allah was always Knowing with them [4:39].
التوبة الَّذِينَ يَلْمِزُونَ الْمُطَّوِّعِينَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي الصَّدَقاتِ وَ الَّذِينَ لا يَجِدُونَ إِلَّا جُهْدَهُمْ فَيَسْخَرُونَ مِنْهُمْ سَخِرَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ أَلِيمٌ
(Surah) Al Tawbah: Those who are taunting the ones from the Momineen who give the charities willingly, and those who are not finding except for their efforts, so they are ridiculing them. Allah will Ridicule them, and for them would be a painful Punishment [9:79].
و قال تعالى أَ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبادِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقاتِ
And the Exalted Said: Do they not know that Allah Accepts the repentance from His servants, and He Takes the charities, and that Allah, He is the Oft-Turning, the Merciful? [9:104].
(Surah) Al Ra’ad:
الرعد وَ أَنْفَقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقْناهُمْ سِرًّا وَ عَلانِيَةً
and are spending from what We have Graced them, secretly and openly [13:22].
إسراء وَ آتِ ذَا الْقُرْبى حَقَّهُ وَ الْمِسْكِينَ وَ ابْنَ السَّبِيلِ وَ لا تُبَذِّرْ تَبْذِيراً
(Surah) Israa: And give to the one with kinship his right, and (to) the needy, and the wayfarer, and do not squander wastefully [17:26].
النور وَ لا يَأْتَلِ أُولُوا الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَ السَّعَةِ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبى وَ الْمَساكِينَ وَ الْمُهاجِرِينَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
(Surah) Al Noor: And the possessors of Grace and abundance from you should not swear from giving to the near of kin, and the poor, and the Emigrants in the Way of Allah, [24:22].
القصص وَ مِمَّا رَزَقْناهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ
(Surah) Al Qasas: and they were spending from what We had Graced them [28:54].
الروم فَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبى حَقَّهُ وَ الْمِسْكِينَ وَ ابْنَ السَّبِيلِ ذلِكَ خَيْرٌ لِلَّذِينَ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ وَ أُولئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ
(Surah) Al Roum: Therefore, give to the near of kin his due, and (to) the needy and the wayfarer. That is better for those who are intending the Face of Allah, and these ones, they would be successful [30:38].
التنزيل وَ مِمَّا رَزَقْناهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ
(Surah) Al Tanzeel: and they are spending from what We Graced them [32:16].
الأحزاب وَ الْمُتَصَدِّقِينَ وَ الْمُتَصَدِّقاتِ
(Surah) Al Ahzaab: and the charitable men and the charitable women, [33:35].
سبأ قُلْ إِنَّ رَبِّي يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ لِمَنْ يَشاءُ مِنْ عِبادِهِ وَ يَقْدِرُ لَهُ وَ ما أَنْفَقْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ يُخْلِفُهُ وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ
(Surah) Saba: Say: ‘Surely my Lord Extends the sustenance for one He so Desires to from His servants, and He Straitens for him. And whatever you spend from anything, He will Replace it, and He is the best of the Sustainers [34:39].
فاطر وَ أَنْفَقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقْناهُمْ سِرًّا وَ عَلانِيَةً يَرْجُونَ تِجارَةً لَنْ تَبُورَ لِيُوَفِّيَهُمْ أُجُورَهُمْ وَ يَزِيدَهُمْ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنَّهُ غَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ
(Surah) Fatir: and are spending from what We Graced them, secretly and openly, are hoping for a trade never to perish [35:29] For Him to Fulfil their Recompense and Increase for them from His Grace. He is Forgiving, Appreciative [35:30].
يس وَ إِذا قِيلَ لَهُمْ أَنْفِقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ قالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَ نُطْعِمُ مَنْ لَوْ يَشاءُ اللَّهُ أَطْعَمَهُ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا فِي ضَلالٍ مُبِينٍ
(Surah) Yaseen: And when it is said to them: ‘Spend from what Allah has Graced you’, those who commit Kufr (disbelief) say to those who believe, ‘Should we feed someone, if Allah so Desired to, He would have Fed him? You are only in clear error’ [36:47].
الحديد آمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ وَ أَنْفِقُوا مِمَّا جَعَلَكُمْ مُسْتَخْلَفِينَ فِيهِ فَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْكُمْ وَ أَنْفَقُوا لَهُمْ أَجْرٌ كَبِيرٌ
(Surah) Al Hadeed: Believe in Allah and His Rasool, and spend from what He Made you the successors in, for those from you who believe and are spending, for them would be a great Recompense [57:7].
إلى قوله تعالى وَ ما لَكُمْ أَلَّا تُنْفِقُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ لِلَّهِ مِيراثُ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ لا يَسْتَوِي مِنْكُمْ مَنْ أَنْفَقَ مِنْ قَبْلِ الْفَتْحِ وَ قاتَلَ أُولئِكَ أَعْظَمُ دَرَجَةً مِنَ الَّذِينَ أَنْفَقُوا مِنْ بَعْدُ وَ قاتَلُوا وَ كُلًّا وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الْحُسْنى وَ اللَّهُ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ
– up to Words of the Exalted: And what is the matter that you are not spending in the Way of Allah, and for Allah is the Inheritance of the skies and the earth? They are not the same – the ones from you who spent from before the conquest (of Makkah) and fought, are of a greater level than those who are spending from after (the conquest) and fighting. And to each (of them) Allah has Promised the good, and Allah is Informed with what you are doing [57:10].
مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ قَرْضاً حَسَناً فَيُضاعِفَهُ لَهُ وَ لَهُ أَجْرٌ كَرِيمٌ
Who is that who will lend Allah a goodly loan, so He would double it for him, and for him would be an honourable Recompense [57:11].
إلى قوله تعالى إِنَّ الْمُصَّدِّقِينَ وَ الْمُصَّدِّقاتِ وَ أَقْرَضُوا اللَّهَ قَرْضاً حَسَناً يُضاعَفُ لَهُمْ وَ لَهُمْ أَجْرٌ كَرِيمٌ
Up to Words of the Exalted: The charitable men and the charitable women, and the lenders to Allah of a goodly loan, it shall be doubled for them and they shall have an honourable Recompense [57:18].
التغابن إِنْ تُقْرِضُوا اللَّهَ قَرْضاً حَسَناً يُضاعِفْهُ لَكُمْ وَ يَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ وَ اللَّهُ شَكُورٌ حَلِيمٌ
(Surah|) Al Taghabun: If you were to lend to Allah a goodly loan, He would Multiply it for you and Forgive (your sins) for you, and Allah is Appreciative, Forbearing [64:17].
المزمل وَ أَقْرِضُوا اللَّهَ قَرْضاً حَسَناً وَ ما تُقَدِّمُوا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ تَجِدُوهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ هُوَ خَيْراً وَ أَعْظَمَ أَجْراً وَ اسْتَغْفِرُوا اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
(Surah) Al Muzammil: and lend a goodly loan to Allah. And whatever you send ahead for yourselves from the good, you will be finding it in the Presence of Allah, it being better and greater in Recompense, and seek Forgiveness of Allah, surely He is Forgiving, Merciful [73:20].
الليل وَ اللَّيْلِ إِذا يَغْشى وَ النَّهارِ إِذا تَجَلَّى وَ ما خَلَقَ الذَّكَرَ وَ الْأُنْثى إِنَّ سَعْيَكُمْ لَشَتَّى
(Surah) Al Layl: (I Swear) by the night when it overcomes [92:1] And the day when it is displayed [92:2] And what is Created of the male and the female [92:3] Surely, your striving is various [92:4].
فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطى وَ اتَّقى وَ صَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْيُسْرى وَ أَمَّا مَنْ بَخِلَ وَ اسْتَغْنى وَ كَذَّبَ بِالْحُسْنى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْعُسْرى وَ ما يُغْنِي عَنْهُ مالُهُ إِذا تَرَدَّى
So, as for one who gives and fears [92:5] And ratifies the most excellent [92:6] And as for one who is stingy and (considers himself) needless [92:8] And belies the most excellent [92:9] So We will be Facilitating him to the difficulties [92:10] And his wealth will not avail him when he falls [92:11].
إِنَّ عَلَيْنا لَلْهُدى وَ إِنَّ لَنا لَلْآخِرَةَ وَ الْأُولى فَأَنْذَرْتُكُمْ ناراً تَلَظَّى لا يَصْلاها إِلَّا الْأَشْقَى الَّذِي كَذَّبَ وَ تَوَلَّى
Surely, upon Us is to Guide [92:12] And surely for Us is the Hereafter and the closeness [92:13] So I warn you of a Fire set ablaze [92:14] None shall arrive to it except the most wretched [92:15] The one who belied and turned his back [92:16].
وَ سَيُجَنَّبُهَا الْأَتْقَى الَّذِي يُؤْتِي مالَهُ يَتَزَكَّى وَ ما لِأَحَدٍ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ تُجْزى إِلَّا ابْتِغاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِ الْأَعْلى وَ لَسَوْفَ يَرْضى
And the pious would be kept away from it [92:17] The one who gives his wealth and purifies [92:18] And there is no favour for anyone with him to be Recompensed for [92:19] Except (he is) seeking the Face of his Lord, the most Exalted [92:20] And soon he will be pleased [92:21].
1- لي، الأمالي للصدوق ابْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِأَصْحَابِهِ أَ لَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ فَعَلْتُمُوهُ تَبَاعَدَ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنْكُمْ كَمَا تَبَاعَدَ الْمَشْرِقُ مِنَ الْمَغْرِبِ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Ibn Al Mugheira, by his chain from Al Sakuni,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to his-saww companion: ‘Shall I-saww inform you all with something, when you were to do it the Satan-la will distance from you just as the east is distant from the west?’
قَالُوا بَلَى
They said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ الصَّوْمُ يُسَوِّدُ وَجْهَهُ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ تَكْسِرُ ظَهْرَهُ وَ الْحُبُّ فِي اللَّهِ وَ الْمُوَازَرَةُ عَلَى الْعَمَلِ الصَّالِحِ يَقْطَعَانِ دَابِرَهُ وَ الِاسْتِغْفَارُ يَقْطَعُ وَتِينَهُ وَ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ زَكَاةٌ وَ زَكَاةُ الْأَبْدَانِ الصِّيَامُ.
He-saww said: ‘The fasting darkens his-la face, and the charity breaks his-la back, and the loving for the Sake of Allah-azwj and supporting each other upon the righteous deeds cuts off his-la tail, and seeking the Forgiveness cuts his-la aorta, and for all things there is Zakat, and Zakat of the bodies is the fasting’’.[42]
2- ير، بصائر الدرجات ابْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قِرَاءَةُ الْقُرْآنِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ قِرَاءَةِ الْقُرْآنِ فِي غَيْرِ الصَّلَاةِ وَ ذِكْرُ اللَّهِ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الصَّوْمِ وَ الصَّوْمُ جُنَّةٌ.
(The book) ‘Basaair Al Darajaat’ – Ibn Isa, from Muhammad Al Barqy, from Ibrahim Bin Is’haq, from Abu Usman Al Abdy,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Reading the Quran in the Salat is superior to reading the Quran in other than the Salat, and doing Zikr of Allah-azwj superior to the charity, and the charity is superior to the fasting, and the fasting is a shield’’.[43]
3- لي، الأمالي للصدوق الْأَسْتَرْآبَادِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْحُسَيْنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا مَاتَ قَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ مَا قَدَّمَ وَ قَالَ النَّاسُ مَا أَخَّرَ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – From Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan Al-Husayni,
‘From Abu Muhammad Al-Askari-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Amir Al-Momineen‑asws having said: ‘The servant, when he dies, the Angels says, ‘What has he sent ahead?’ And the people say, ‘What has he left behind?’
فَقَدِّمُوا فَضْلًا يَكُنْ لَكُمْ وَ لَا تُؤَخِّرُوا كُلًّا يَكُنْ عَلَيْكُمْ فَإِنَّ الْمَحْرُومَ مَنْ حُرِمَ خَيْرَ مَالِهِ وَ الْمَغْبُوطَ مَنْ ثَقَّلَ بِالصَّدَقَاتِ وَ الْخَيْرَاتِ مَوَازِينَهُ وَ أَحْسَنَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ بِهَا مِهَادَهُ وَ طَيَّبَ عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ بِهَا مَسْلَكَهُ.
Send ahead for it to be a merit for you and do not hold back all what would be against you, for the deprived one is the one deprived the goodness of his wealth, and the envied will be the one whose scale is heavy with the charities and the good deeds, and his path in the Paradise would be paved by it, and his travel over the Bridge would be good due to it’’.[44]
4- لي، الأمالي للصدوق عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع إِنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ لَشَجَرَةً يَخْرُجُ مِنْ أَعْلَاهَا الْحُلَلُ وَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِهَا خَيْلٌ بُلْقٌ مُسْرَجَةٌ مُلْجَمَةٌ ذَوَاتُ أَجْنِحَةٍ لَا تَرُوثُ وَ لَا تَبُولُ فَيَرْكَبُهَا أَوْلِيَاءُ اللَّهِ فَتَطِيرُ بِهِمْ فِي الْجَنَّةِ حَيْثُ شَاءُوا
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Ali Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Muhammad Majaylawiya, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Ulwan, from Amro Bin Sabid,
‘From Zayd son of Ali (Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his father-asws, from his grandfather-asws having said, ‘Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws said: ‘In the Paradise there is a tree from which garments emerge from its top, and from its bottom, there are dappled horses with saddles and bridles, having wings. They neither defecate nor urinate. The friends of Allah-azwj will ride them, and they will fly with them in Paradise wherever they desire to.
فَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ أَسْفَلَ مِنْهُمْ يَا رَبَّنَا مَا بَلَغَ بِعِبَادِكَ هَذِهِ الْكَرَامَةَ
Those who are beneath them will say, ‘Our Lord-azwj! What has made Your-azwj servants reach to this honour?’
فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَقُومُونَ اللَّيْلَ وَ لَا يَنَامُونَ وَ يَصُومُونَ النَّهَارَ وَ لَا يَأْكُلُونَ وَ يُجَاهِدُونَ الْعَدُوَّ وَ لَا يَجْبُنُونَ وَ يَتَصَدَّقُونَ وَ لَا يَبْخَلُونَ.
Allah-asws, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty will Say: “They were standing at night (in Salat) and were not sleeping, and they were fasting the day and were not eating, and they were fighting the enemy and were not being cowards, and they were donating charity and were not being stingy’’.[45]
5- لي، الأمالي للصدوق فِي خَبَرِ الْمَنَاهِي قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَلَا وَ مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ فَلَهُ بِوَزْنِ كُلِّ دِرْهَمٍ مِثْلُ جَبَلِ أُحُدٍ مِنْ نَعِيمِ الْجَنَّةِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq –
In a Hadeeth of the prohibitions, the Prophet-saww said: ‘Indeed, and the one who donates charity, for him would be by the weight of every Dirham similar to the mount Ohad, from bounties of the Paradise’’.[46]
6- لي، الأمالي للصدوق ابْنُ مُوسَى عَنِ الصُّوفِيِّ عَنِ الرُّمَّانِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَنْ أَيْقَنَ بِالْخَلَفِ جَادَ بِالْعَطِيَّةِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Ibn Musa, from Al Sowqy, from Al Rymany, from Abdul Azeem,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘One who is certain of the replacement would be generous with the giving’’.[47]
7- لي، الأمالي للصدوق عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ الْمُجَاوِرِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ نَصْرٍ الطَّحَّانِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقَ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ ع أَنَّ عِيسَى رُوحَ اللَّهِ مَرَّ بِقَوْمٍ مُجَلِّبِينَ فَقَالَ مَا لِهَؤُلَاءِ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Ali Bin Isa, from Ali Bin Muhammad Majaylawiya, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Isnan Al Mujawir, from Ahmad Bin Nasr Al Tahhan, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah Al-Sadiq Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws (saying): ‘Isa-as, Spirit of Allah‑azwj, passed by a people rejoicing. He-as said: ‘What is (going on with) these people?’
قِيلَ يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ فُلَانَةَ بِنْتَ فُلَانٍ تُهْدَى إِلَى فُلَانِ بْنِ فُلَانٍ فِي لَيْلَتِهَا هَذِهِ قَالَ يُجَلِّبُونَ الْيَوْمَ وَ يَبْكُونَ غَداً
It was said, ‘O Spirit of Allah-azwj! So and so, daughter of so and so is being escorted to so and so, son of so and so in this night of hers!’
فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ وَ لِمَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
A speaker from them said, ‘And why, O Messenger-as of Rasool-Allah-saww?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّ صاحبهم [صَاحِبَتَهُمْ] مَيِّتَةٌ فِي لَيْلَتِهَا هَذِهِ
He-as said: ‘Their companion (the bride) would be dead during this night of hers!’
فَقَالَ الْقَائِلُونَ بِمَقَالَتِهِ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَ صَدَقَ رَسُولُهُ
The speakers said with words, ‘Allah-azwj Speaks the Truth, and-azwj Messenger-as of Allah-azwj speaks the truth!’
وَ قَالَ أَهْلُ النِّفَاقِ مَا أَقْرَبَ غَداً
And the hypocritical people said, ‘How near is the morning!’
فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحُوا جَاءُوا فَوَجَدُوهَا عَلَى حَالَةٍ لَمْ يَحْدُثْ بِهَا شَيْءٌ فَقَالُوا يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الَّتِي أَخْبَرْتَنَا أَمْسِ أَنَّهَا مَيِّتَةٌ لَمْ تَمُتْ
When morning came, they came and found her to be upon her (normal) state. No event (of death) had occurred with her. They said, ‘O Spirit of Allah-azwj! That which you-as had informed us yesterday she would dead? She did not die!’
فَقَالَ عِيسَى يَفْعَلُ اللَّهُ مَا يَشَاءُ
Isa-as said: ‘Allah-azwj Does whatever He-azwj so Desires to! Let us go to her!’
فَاذْهَبُوا بِنَا إِلَيْهَا فَذَهَبُوا يَتَسَابَقُونَ حَتَّى قَرَعُوا الْبَابَ فَخَرَجَ زَوْجُهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ عِيسَى اسْتَأْذِنْ لِي صَاحِبَتَكَ
They went quickly until they knocked the door. Her husband came out. Isa-as said to him: ‘Give me-as permission to (speak to) your female companion’.
قَالَ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا فَأَخْبَرَهَا أَنَّ رُوحَ اللَّهِ وَ كَلِمَتَهُ بِالْبَابِ مَعَ عِدَّةٍ قَالَ فَتَخَدَّرَتْ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا
He-asws said: ‘He entered (the house) to her and informed her, ‘The Spirit of Allah-azwj and His‑azwj Word is at the door with a number (of people)’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا صَنَعْتِ لَيْلَتَكِ هَذِهِ
He-as said to her: ‘What did you do in this night of yours?’
قَالَتْ لَمْ أَصْنَعْ شَيْئاً إِلَّا وَ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَصْنَعُهُ فِيمَا مَضَى إِنَّهُ كَانَ يَعْتَرِينَا سَائِلٌ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةِ جُمُعَةٍ فَنُنِيلُهُ مَا يَقُوتُهُ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا وَ إِنَّهُ جَاءَنِي فِي لَيْلَتِي هَذِهِ وَ أَنَا مَشْغُولَةٌ بِأَمْرِي وَ أَهْلِي فِي مَشَاغِيلَ فَهَتَفَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ أَحَدٌ ثُمَّ هَتَفَ فَلَمْ يُجَبْ حَتَّى هَتَفَ مِرَاراً فَلَمَّا سَمِعْتُ مَقَالَتَهُ قُمْتُ مُتَنَكِّرَةً حَتَّى أَنَلْتُهُ كَمَا كُنَّا نُنِيلُهُ
She said, ‘I did not do anything except what I have been doing in the past. A beggar used to come during every Friday night and we would give him what would be his subsistence up to its similar (the next Friday night), and he had come to me during this night of mine, and I was pre-occupied with my matter and my family in pre-occupations. He called out but no one answered him. Then he called out but he was not responded to until he had called out repeatedly. When I heard his words, I stood up having covered my face until I had given him just as we used to give him’.
فَقَالَ لَهَا تَنَحَّيْ عَنْ مَجْلِسِكِ
He-as said to her: ‘Step aside from your seat!’
فَإِذَا تَحْتَ ثِيَابِهَا أَفْعًى مِثْلُ جِذْعَةٍ عَاضٌّ عَلَى ذَنَبِهِ فَقَالَ ع بِمَا صَنَعْتِ صُرِفَ عَنْكِ هَذَا.
Behold, beneath her clothes was a snake (thick) like a trunk biting upon its tail. He-as said: ‘It was due to what you had done, this was turned away from you’’.[48]
8- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الْأَهْوَازِيِّ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ الْكَسَلَ إِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ رَحِيمٌ يَشْكُرُ الْقَلِيلَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيُصَلِّي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ تَطَوُّعاً يُرِيدُ بِهِمَا وَجْهَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَيُدْخِلُهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ وَ إِنَّهُ لَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِالدِّرْهَمِ تَطَوُّعاً يُرِيدُ بِهِ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَيُدْخِلُهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ وَ إِنَّهُ لَيَصُومُ الْيَوْمَ تَطَوُّعاً يُرِيدُ بِهِ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ فَيُدْخِلُهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Ibn Aban, from Al Ahwazy, from Fazalah, from Muawiya Bin Ammar, from Ismail Bin Yasaar who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Beware of the laziness! Your Lord-azwj is Merciful. He-azwj Appreciates the little. The man prays two units of Salat voluntarily intending the Face of Allah‑azwj Mighty and Majestic by it, so He-azwj Admits him into the Paradise due to it, and he donates with a Dirham voluntarily intending the Face of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, so Allah-azwj Admits him into the Paradise by it, and he fasts a day voluntarily intending the Face of Allah-azwj by it, so Allah-azwj Admits him into the Paradise due to it’’.[49]
9- فس، تفسير القمي عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ: طُوبَى لِمَنْ أَنْفَقَ الْفَضْلَ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَ أَمْسَكَ الْفَضْلَ مِنْ كَلَامِهِ.
Tafseer Al Qummi –
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws having said: ‘Beatitude is for the one who spends the surplus of his wealth and withholds the surplus of his speech’’.[50]
10- فس، تفسير القمي أَبِي عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الرَّبَّ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَنْزِلُ كُلَّ لَيْلَةِ جُمُعَةٍ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا مِنْ أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ وَ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ فِي الثُّلُثِ الْأَخِيرِ وَ أَمَامَهُ مَلَكَانِ يُنَادِي هَلْ مِنْ تَائِبٍ يُتَابُ عَلَيْهِ هَلْ مِنْ مُسْتَغْفِرٍ ليستغفر [فَيُغْفَرَ] لَهُ هَلْ مِنْ سَائِلٍ فَيُعْطَى سُؤْلَهُ اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِ كُلَّ مُنْفِقٍ خَلَفاً وَ كُلَّ مُمْسِكٍ تَلَفاً
Tafseer Al Qummi – My father, from Hammad, from Hareyz,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Lord-azwj Blessed and Exalted (His-azwj Command) descends every Friday night to sky of the world, from beginning of the night, and during every night in the last third of it, and in front of it are two Angels calling out, ‘Is there any repentant He-azwj can Turn to him? Is there any seeker of Forgiveness to seek Forgiveness so He-azwj can Forgive for him? Is there any beggar He-azwj can Grant him his request? O Allah-azwj! Give every spender a replacement, and every withholder a damage!’
فَإِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ عَادَ الرَّبُّ إِلَى عَرْشِهِ فَقَسَمَ الْأَرْزَاقَ بَيْنَ الْعِبَادِ
When the dawn emerges, the Lord-azwj (His-azwj Command) returns to His-azwj Throne. He-azwj Distributes the sustenance(s) between the servants’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ يَا فُضَيْلُ نَصِيبَكَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ وَ ما أَنْفَقْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ يُخْلِفُهُ وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ أَكْثَرُهُمْ بِهِمْ مُؤْمِنُونَ.
Then he-asws said to Al-Mufazzal Bin Yasaar: ‘O Fuzeyl! Your share from that, and it is in the Words of Allah–azwj: And whatever you spend from anything, He will Replace it [34:39], up to His–azwj Words: Most of them were believing in them [34:41]’’.[51]
11- فس، تفسير القمي فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطى وَ اتَّقى وَ صَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْيُسْرى قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ كَانَتْ لَهُ نَخْلَةٌ فِي دَارِ رَجُلٍ فَكَانَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ فَشَكَا ذَلِكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِصَاحِبِ النَّخْلَةِ بِعْنِي نَخْلَتَكَ هَذِهِ بِنَخْلَةٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ
Tafseer Qummi –
So, as for one who gives and fears [92:5] And ratifies the most excellent [92:6] So We will be Facilitating him to the ease [92:7]. He said, ‘It was Revealed regarding a man from the Helpers who had a palm tree in the house of another man, and he used to enter it without permission. So, he complained about that to the Rasool-Allah–saww, and Rasool-Allah–saww said to the owner of the palm tree: ‘Sell me–saww this palm tree of yours to me for a palm tree in the Paradise’.
فَقَالَ لَا أَفْعَلُ
He said, ‘I will not do it’.
قَالَ فَبِعْنِيهَا بِحَدِيقَةٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ
He–saww said: ‘Will you sell it to me–saww for a garden in the Paradise?’
فَقَالَ لَا أَفْعَلُ وَ انْصَرَفَ
He said, ‘I will not do it’, and he left.
فَمَضَى إِلَيْهِ أَبُو الدَّحْدَاحِ وَ اشْتَرَاهَا مِنْهُ وَ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ص فَقَالَ أَبُو الدَّحْدَاحِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ خُذْهَا وَ اجْعَلْ لِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ الَّتِي قُلْتَ لِهَذَا فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ حَدَائِقُ وَ حَدَائِقُ
Abu Al-Dahdaah went to him and bought it from him, and came to the Prophet–saww. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah–saww! Take it, and allocate for me the garden in the Paradise which you–saww said would be for this one, but he did not accept it’. So, the Rasool-Allah–saww said: ‘For you, in the Paradise are gardens and gardens’.
فَأَنْزَلَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطى وَ اتَّقى وَ صَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنى يَعْنِي أَبَا الدَّحْدَاحِ فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْيُسْرى
It was Revealed regarding that: So, as for one who gives and fears [92:5] And ratifies the most excellent [92:6] – meaning Abu Al Dahda’a. So We will be Facilitating him to the ease [92:7].
وَ أَمَّا مَنْ بَخِلَ وَ اسْتَغْنى وَ كَذَّبَ بِالْحُسْنى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْعُسْرى وَ ما يُغْنِي عَنْهُ مالُهُ إِذا تَرَدَّى يَعْنِي إِذَا مَاتَ إِنَّ عَلَيْنا لَلْهُدى قَالَ عَلَيْنَا أَنْ نُبَيِّنُ لَهُمْ.
And as for one who is stingy and (considers himself) needless [92:8] And belies the most excellent [92:9] So We will be Facilitating him to the difficulties [92:10] And his wealth will not avail him when he falls [92:11] Surely, upon Us is to Guide [92:12]. He said, ‘Upon us it to explain to them’’.[52]
12- ب، قرب الإسناد هَارُونُ عَنِ ابْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ الْمَعْرُوفَ يَمْنَعُ مَصَارِعَ السَّوْءِ وَ إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ الْخَبَرَ.
Qurb Al Isnaad – Haroun, from Ibn Sadaqa,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The acts of kindness prevent the evil misfortunes, and the charity extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj’ – the Hadeeth’’.[53]
13- ب، قرب الإسناد ابْنُ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص دَاوُوا مَرْضَاكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ الْخَبَرَ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Ibn Tareyf, from Ibn Ulwan,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Medicate your patients with the charity!’ – the Hadeeth’’.[54]
14- ب، قرب الإسناد بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص اسْتَنْزِلُوا الرِّزْقَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – By this chain,
‘He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Download the sustenance with (donating) the charity’’.[55]
15- ب، قرب الإسناد بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْخَلْقُ كُلُّهُمْ عِيَالُ اللَّهِ فَأَحَبُّهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْفَقُهُمْ لِعِيَالِهِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – By this chain,
‘He-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The creatures, all of them are dependants of Allah-azwj. The most Beloved of them to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is their most spending for his dependants’’.[56]
16 ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: قَامَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ ره عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ فَقَالَ أَنَا جُنْدَبُ بْنُ سَكَنٍ فَاكْتَنَفَهُ النَّاسُ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Ali, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Abu Zarr-ra stood by the Kabah. He-ra said, ‘I-ra am Jundab Bin Sakanin!’ The people surrounded him-ra.
فَقَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ أَرَادَ سَفَراً لَاتَّخَذَ فِيهِ مِنَ الزَّادِ مَا يُصْلِحُهُ فَسَفَرُ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ أَ مَا تُرِيدُونَ فِيهِ مَا يُصْلِحُكُمْ
He-ra said, ‘If one of you intends to travel, he would take the provision for it what would benefit him during it. The travel is to the Day of Qiyamah. Are you not wanting regarding it what would benefit you?’
فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ أَرْشِدْنَا
A man stood to him-ra. He said, ‘Guide us!’
فَقَالَ صُمْ يَوْماً شَدِيدَ الْحَرِّ لِلنُّشُورِ وَ حُجَّ حَجَّةً لِعَظَائِمِ الْأُمُورِ وَ صَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فِي سَوَادِ اللَّيْلِ لِوَحْشَةِ الْقُبُورِ كَلِمَةُ خَيْرٍ تَقُولُهَا وَ كَلِمَةُ شَرٍّ تَسْكُتُ عَنْهَا أَوْ صَدَقَةٌ مِنْكَ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ لَعَلَّكَ تَنْجُو بِهَا
He-ra said, ‘Fast on a day of severe heat for the Resurrection, and perform Hajj for mighty matters, and pray two units Salat in darkness of the night for loneliness of the graves! A good word, you should say it, and an evil word, be silent from it, or charity (donated) from you to a needy, perhaps you will attain salvation due to it!
يَا مِسْكِينُ مِنْ يَوْمٍ عَسِيرٍ اجْعَلِ الدُّنْيَا دِرْهَمَيْنِ دِرْهَماً أَنْفَقْتَهُ عَلَى عِيَالِكَ وَ دِرْهَماً قَدَّمْتَهُ لِآخِرَتِكَ وَ الثَّالِثُ يَضُرُّ وَ لَا يَنْفَعُ فَلَا تُرِدْهُ
O needy one on a difficult day! Make the world as two Dirhams – a Dirham you spend upon your dependants, and a Dirham you send ahead for your Hereafter, and the third is harmful and is not beneficial, therefore do not want it!
اجْعَلِ الدُّنْيَا كَلِمَتَيْنِ كَلِمَةً فِي طَلَبِ الْحَلَالِ وَ كَلِمَةً لِلْآخِرَةِ وَ الثَّالِثَةُ تَضُرُّ وَ لَا تَنْفَعُ لَا تُرِدْهَا
Make the world as two words – a word in seeking the Permissible and a word for the Hereafter, and the third is harmful and do not benefit. Do not want it!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ قَتَلَنِي هَمُّ يَوْمٍ لَا أُدْرِكُهُ.
Then he-asws said, ‘Worries of a day I have not yet come across is killing me-ra!’’[57]
17- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ غَالِبٍ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: الْبِرُّ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ يَنْفِيَانِ الْفَقْرَ وَ يَزِيدَانِ فِي الْعُمُرِ وَ يَدْفَعَانِ سَبْعِينَ مِيتَةَ سَوْءٍ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’, (and) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Is’haq Bin Ghalib, from the one narrating it,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The righteousness and the charity both negate the poverty and increase in the lifespan, and repel seventy (types of) evil deaths’’.[58]
18- ل، الخصال الْخَلِيلُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدُّبَيْلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا حَسَدَ إِلَّا فِي اثْنَتَيْنِ رَجُلٍ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ مَالًا فَهُوَ يُنْفِقُ مِنْهُ آنَاءَ اللَّيْلِ وَ آنَاءَ النَّهَارِ وَ رَجُلٍ آتَاهُ الْقُرْآنَ فَهُوَ يَقُومُ بِهِ آنَاءَ اللَّيْلِ وَ آنَاءَ النَّهَارِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Al Khaleel, from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Al Dubeyli, from Abu Abdullah, from Sufyan, from Al Zuhry, from Salim, from his father who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There is no envying except regarding two – A man Allah-azwj has Given him wealth, so he spends from it in hours of the night and hours of the day, and a man He-azwj has Given him the Quran so he stands with it in hours of the night and hours of the day’’.[59]
19- ل، الخصال الْعَسْكَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الزَّعْزَاءِ عَنْ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مَالِكِ بْنِ نَضْلَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْأَيْدِي ثَلَاثَةٌ فَيَدُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْعُلْيَا وَ يَدُ الْمُعْطِي الَّتِي تَلِيهَا وَ يَدُ السَّائِلِ السُّفْلَى فَأَعْطِ الْفَضْلَ وَ لَا تُعْجِزْ نَفْسَكَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Al Askari, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Aziz, from Al-Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Zafran, from Ubeyda Bin Humeyd, from Abu Al Za’za, from Abu Al Ahwas, from his father Malik Bin Nazla who said,
‘The hands are three! The Hand of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is the High, and hand of the giver is which follows it, and hand of the beggar is the lowest, therefore give the grace and do not make yourself incapable’’.[60]
20- ل، الخصال حَمْزَةُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كُلُّ مَعْرُوفٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَ الدَّالُّ عَلَى الْخَيْرِ كَفَاعِلِهِ وَ اللَّهُ يُحِبُّ إِغَاثَةَ اللَّهْفَانِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal – Hamza Al Alawy, from Ali, from his father, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Ashari, from Al Qaddah,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Every act of kindness is charity, and the pointer to the good (deed) is like its doer, and Allah‑azwj Loves helper of the distressed’’.[61]
21- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ يَضْمَنُ لِي أَرْبَعَةً بِأَرْبَعَةِ أَبْيَاتٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ مَنْ أَنْفَقَ وَ لَمْ يَخَفْ فَقْراً وَ أَنْصَفَ النَّاسَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ أَفْشَى السَّلَامَ فِي الْعَالَمِ وَ تَرَكَ الْمِرَاءَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُحِقّاً.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’- Ibn Al Mutawakkil, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Muawiya Bin Wahb,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Whoever guarantees four to me-asws, I-asws shall guarantee four houses (for him) in the Paradise- one who spend and does not fear the poverty, and the one being fair to the people from himself, and initiator of the greeting in the world, and neglecter of the bitter argument even if he was right’’.[62]
22- ل، الخصال الْأَرْبَعُمِائَةِ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع دَاوُوا مَرْضَاكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ.
(The book) ‘Aal Khisaal’ – ‘The Four hundred (Ahadeeth)’ –
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Medicate your patients with (donating) the charity’’.[63]
وَ قَالَ ع اسْتَنْزِلُوا الرِّزْقَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ.
And he-asws said: ‘Download the sustenance by (donating) the charity’’.[64]
وَ قَالَ ع أَنْفِقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِنَّ الْمُنْفِقَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمُجَاهِدِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَمَنْ أَيْقَنَ بِالْخَلَفِ سَخَتْ نَفْسُهُ بِالنَّفَقَةِ.
And he-asws said: ‘Spend from what Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Graced you, for the spender is at the status of the fighter in the way of Allah-azwj. The one who is certain of the replacement will be a generous soul with the spending’’.[65]
23- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْمُفَسِّرُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْحُسَيْنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: كَانَ الصَّادِقُ ع فِي طَرِيقٍ وَ مَعَهُ قَوْمٌ مَعَهُمْ أَمْوَالٌ وَ ذُكِرَ لَهُمْ أَنَّ بَارِقَةً فِي الطَّرِيقِ يَقْطَعُونَ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَارْتَعَدَتْ فَرَائِصُهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ الصَّادِقُ مَا لَكُمْ
(The book) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – Al Mufassir, from Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan Al-Husayni,
‘From Abu Muhammad Al-Askari-asws’, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from Musa-asws Bin Ja’far‑asws having said: ‘Al-Sadiq-asws was in a street and with him-asws was a group having wealth with them, and he-asws mentioned to them that swords were being unsheathed upon the people to plunder them. Their limbs shook. Al-Sadiq-asws said to them: ‘What is the matter with you all?’
قَالُوا مَعَنَا أَمْوَالٌ نَخَافُ أَنْ تُؤْخَذَ مِنَّا أَ فَتَأْخُذُهَا مِنَّا فَلَعَلَّهُمْ يَنْدَفِعُونَ عَنْهَا إِذَا رَأَوْا أَنَّهَا لَكَ
They said, ‘There is wealth with us. We fear that it would be seized from us! Can you-asws take them from us, perhaps they would turn away from it when they see that it is yours-asws?’
فَقَالَ وَ مَا يُدْرِيكُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ لَا يَقْصِدُونَ غَيْرِي وَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْرِضُونِي بِهَا لِلتَّلَفِ
He-asws said: ‘What would make you realise? Perhaps they would not be aiming other than me‑asws, and perhaps you are exposing me-asws with it for the damage?’
فَقَالُوا فَكَيْفَ نَصْنَعُ نَدْفِنُهَا
They said, ‘How should we deal with it? Should we bury it?’
قَالَ ذَاكَ أَضْيَعُ لَهَا فَلَعَلَّ طَارِئاً يَطْرَأُ عَلَيْهَا فَيَأْخُذُهَا أَوْ لَعَلَّكُمْ لَا تَهْتَدُونَ إِلَيْهَا بَعْدُ
He-asws said: ‘That would be wastage of it, perhaps a calamity would strike upon it so it would be seized, or perhaps you will not be guided to it (find it) afterwards’.
فَقَالُوا فَكَيْفَ نَصْنَعُ دُلَّنَا
They said, ‘How should we deal with it? Guide us!’
قَالَ أَوْدِعُوهَا مَنْ يَحْفَظُهَا وَ يَدْفَعُ عَنْهَا وَ يُرَبِّيهَا وَ يَجْعَلُ الْوَاحِدَ مِنْهَا أَعْظَمَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا بِمَا فِيهَا ثُمَّ يَرُدُّهَا وَ يُوَفِّرُهَا عَلَيْكُمْ أَحْوَجَ مَا تَكُونُونَ إِلَيْهَا
He-asws said: ‘Entrust is to the one who would guard it, and defend it, and grow it, and make the one from it to be mightier than the world with whatever is in it, then he would return it and be plentiful with it to you when you would be neediest of what you can be to it!’
قَالُوا مَنْ ذَاكَ
They said, ‘Who is that?’
قَالَ ذَاكَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ
He-asws said: ‘That is Lord-azwj of the worlds’.
قَالُوا وَ كَيْفَ نُودِعُهُ
They said, ‘And how do we entrust it to Him-azwj?’
قَالَ تَتَصَدَّقُونَ بِهَا عَلَى ضُعَفَاءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
He-asws said: ‘Donate it charity with it to the (financially) weak Muslims!’
قَالُوا وَ أَنَّى لَنَا الضُّعَفَاءُ بِحَضْرَتِنَا هَذِهِ
They said, ‘And how can it be for us to find the weak ones in this presence (situation) of ours?’
قَالَ فَاعْزِمُوا عَلَى أَنْ تَتَصَدَّقُوا بِثُلُثِهَا لِيَدْفَعَ اللَّهُ عَنْ بَاقِيهَا مَنْ تَخَافُونَ
He-asws said: ‘Be determined upon that you will be donating a third of it for Allah-azwj to Defend its remainder from the ones you are fearing!’
قَالُوا قَدْ عَزَمْنَا
They said, ‘We have hereby determined’.
قَالَ فَأَنْتُمْ فِي أَمَانِ اللَّهِ فَامْضُوا
He-asws said: ‘So you are hereby in the security of Allah-azwj, so continue!’
فَمَضَوْا وَ ظَهَرَتْ لَهُمُ الْبَارِقَةُ فَخَافُوا فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع فَكَيْفَ تَخَافُونَ وَ أَنْتُمْ فِي أَمَانِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
They continued and the bandits presented to them, so they feared. Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘How come you are fearing and you are in the Security of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic?’
فَتَقَدَّمَ الْبَارِقَةُ وَ تَرَجَّلُوا وَ قَبَّلُوا يَدَ الصَّادِقِ ع وَ قَالُوا رَأَيْنَا الْبَارِحَةَ فِي مَنَامِنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَأْمُرُنَا بِعَرْضِ أَنْفُسِنَا عَلَيْكَ فَنَحْنُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَ نَصْحَبُكَ وَ هَؤُلَاءِ لِيَنْدَفِعَ عَنْهُمُ الْأَعْدَاءُ وَ اللُّصُوصُ
The bandits dismounted and came on foot and they kissed the hand of Al-Sadiq-asws, and they said, ‘Last night we saw Rasool-Allah-azwj in our dreams ordering us with presenting ourselves to you-asws. We are in front of you-asws and we shall accompany you, and they (your-asws companions) would be defended from the enemies and the thieves’.
فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع لَا حَاجَةَ بِنَا إِلَيْكُمْ فَإِنَّ الَّذِي دَفَعَكُمْ عَنَّا يَدْفَعُهُمْ
Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘There is no need for us to you all, for the One Who has Driven you away from us, He-azwj is the One Who will be Defending them!’
فَمَضَوْا سَالِمِينَ وَ تَصَدَّقُوا بِالثُّلُثِ وَ بُورِكَ فِي تِجَارَاتِهِمْ فَرَبِحُوا لِلدِّرْهَمِ عَشَرَةً
They continued safely and they donated in charity with the third, and they were Blessed in their trading, and they profited for the Dirham (donated in charity), tenfold.
فَقَالُوا مَا أَعْظَمَ بَرَكَةَ الصَّادِقِ ع-
They said, ‘How mighty is the Blessing of Al-Sadiq-asws!’
فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع قَدْ تَعَرَّفْتُمُ الْبَرَكَةَ فِي مُعَامَلَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَدُومُوا عَلَيْهَا.
Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘You have recognised the Blessings in the Dealings of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, so be constant upon it!’’[66]
24- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام أَبِي وَ ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ مَعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ كِتَابَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ الْمَوَالِيَ إِذَا رَكِبْتَ أَخْرَجُوكَ مِنَ الْبَابِ الصَّغِيرِ وَ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ مِنْ بُخْلٍ لَهُمْ لِئَلَّا يَنَالَ مِنْكَ أَحَدٌ خَيْراً
(The book) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting upon him-asws – My father and Ibn Al Waleed, both together from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Isa, from Al Bazanty who said,
‘I read a letter of Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza-asws to Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘O Abu Ja’far-asws! It has reached me-asws that when you-asws go for a ride, the slaves take you-asws out from the small (side) door, and rather that is from stinginess of theirs lest goodness is attained from you-asws.
فَأَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّي عَلَيْكَ لَا يَكُنْ مَدْخَلُكَ وَ مَخْرَجُكَ إِلَّا مِنَ الْبَابِ الْكَبِيرِ وَ إِذَا رَكِبْتَ فَلْيَكُنْ مَعَكَ ذَهَبٌ وَ فِضَّةٌ ثُمَّ لَا يَسْأَلُكَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَعْطَيْتَهُ مَنْ سَأَلَكَ مِنْ عُمُومَتِكَ أَنْ تَبَرَّهُ فَلَا تُعْطِهِ أَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسِينَ دِينَاراً وَ الْكَثِيرُ إِلَيْكَ وَ مَنْ سَأَلَكَ مِنْ عَمَّاتِكَ فَلَا تُعْطِهَا أَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسَةٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً وَ الْكَثِيرُ إِلَيْكَ
I ask you-asws, by my-asws right upon you-asws! Your-asws entrance and your-asws exit should not be except from the big (main) door, and when you-asws ride, let there be gold and silver with you‑asws, then no one should ask you-asws except you-asws should give the one from your uncles who asks you-asws to be righteous to him, so do not give him less than fifty Dinars, and the more is up to you, and the one from your aunties who asks you, do not give her less than twenty-five Dinars, and the most is up to you-asws!
إِنِّي إِنَّمَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ يَرْفَعَكَ اللَّهُ فَأَنْفِقْ وَ لَا تَخْشَ مِنْ ذِي الْعَرْشِ إِقْتَاراً.
Surely, I-asws rather want Allah-azwj to Raise you, therefore spend and do not fear being impoverishment from the One with the Throne’’.[67]
25 يد، التوحيد ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِالْأَسَانِيدِ الثَّلَاثَةِ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص اسْتَنْزِلُوا الرِّزْقَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ.
(The books) ‘Al Tawheed’, (and) ‘Uyoun Al Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him‑asws – by the three chains from Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws who said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Download the sustenance by (donating) the charity’’.[68]
26- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِإِسْنَادِ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص خَيْرُ مَالِ الْمَرْءِ وَ ذَخَائِرِهِ الصَّدَقَةُ.
(The book) ‘Uyoun Al Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws, by the chain of Al-Tameemy, from Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The best wealth of the person and his treasure is the charity’’.[69]
27- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أُسَامَةَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ تَزِيدُ صَاحِبَهَا كَثْرَةً فَتَصَدَّقُوا يَرْحَمْكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ إِنَّ التَّوَاضُعَ يَزِيدُ صَاحِبَهُ رِفْعَةً فَتَوَاضَعُوا يَرْفَعْكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ إِنَّ الْعَفْوَ يَزِيدُ صَاحِبَهُ عِزّاً فَاعْفُوا يُعِزَّكُمُ اللَّهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the Sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Ahmad Bin Al-Husayn Bin Usama, from Ubeydullah Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Haroun Bin Sadaqa,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘The charity increases its donor a lot (of wealth), therefore donate charity, Allah-azwj will Mercy you, and the humbleness increases its owner with elevation, therefore be humble, Allah-azwj will Raise you, and the pardoning increases its pardoner in honour, therefore pardon, Allah-azwj will Honour you!’’[70]
28- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أَعْطَى دِرْهَماً فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ سَبْعَمِائَةِ حَسَنَةٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi, from Abu Qalabah who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who gives a Dirham in the way of Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj will Write for him seven hundred good deeds!’’[71]
29- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْمَالِكِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هُلَيْلٍ عَنْ زِيَادٍ الْقَنْدِيِّ عَنِ الْجَرَّاحِ بْنِ الْمَلِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: كُلُّ مَعْرُوفٍ صَدَقَةٌ إِلَى غَنِيٍّ أَوْ فَقِيرٍ فَتَصَدَّقُوا وَ لَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ وَ اتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَ لَوْ بِشِقِّ التَّمْرَةِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُرَبِّيهَا لِصَاحِبِهَا كَمَا يُرَبِّي أَحَدُكُمْ فَلُوَّهُ أَوْ فَصِيلَهُ حَتَّى يُوَفِّيَهُ إِيَّاهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حَتَّى يَكُونَ أَعْظَمَ مِنَ الْجَبَلِ الْعَظِيمِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – A group, from Abu Al Mufazzal, from Al-Husayn Bin Ahmad Al Maliky, from Ahmad Bin Huleyl, from Ziyad Al Qindy, from Jarrah Bin Maleeh, from Abu Is’haq, from Al Haris,
‘From Ali-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Every act of kindness is charity be it to the rich or poor. Donate charity and even if it is with part of a date, and fear the Hellfire and even if with part of a date, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will Nourish it for its owner just as one of you tend to nourish his foal or young camel, until He-azwj will Fulfil it to him on the Day of Qiyamah until it would be larger than the large mountain!’’[72]
30- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنِ الْمُظَفَّرِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مَابُنْدَادَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ قَالَ: لَمَّا هَلَكَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرُ ع قُلْتُ لِأَصْحَابِيَ انْتَظِرُونِي حَتَّى أَدْخُلَ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَأُعَزِّيَهُ بِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Al Muzaffar Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Hammam, from Ahmad Bin Mabundad, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Al Khazzaz, from Ali Bin Uqba, from Salim Bin Abu Hafsa who said,
‘When Abu Ja’far Al-Baqir-asws passed away, I said to my companions, ‘Await me until I go to see Abu Abdullah Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws to console him-asws of him-asws!’
فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَعَزَّيْتُهُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَ إِنَّا إِلَيْهِ راجِعُونَ ذَهَبَ وَ اللَّهِ مَنْ كَانَ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَلَا يُسْأَلُ عَمَّنْ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَا وَ اللَّهِ لَا يُرَى مِثْلُهُ أَبَداً
I entered to see him-asws and consoled him-asws. Then I-asws said, ‘We are for Allah and we are returning to Him’ [2:156]. He-asws is gone, by Allah-azwj, the one who was saying: ‘Rasool-Allah‑saww said (such and such)!’ He-asws was not asked about the one between him-asws and Rasool-Allah-saww. No, by Allah-azwj, the likes of him-asws will not be seen ever!’
قَالَ فَسَكَتَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع سَاعَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِي مَنْ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ فَأُرَبِّيهَا لَهُ كَمَا يُرَبِّي أَحَدُكُمْ فَلُوَّهُ حَتَّى أَجْعَلَهَا مِثْلَ جَبَلِ أُحُدٍ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws was silent for a while, then he-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: “From My-azwj servants there is one who donates charity with part of a date, so I-azwj shall Nourish it for him just as one of you tends to nourish a foal until I-asws Make it (to be) for him like the mountain of Ohad!”’
فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَى أَصْحَابِي فَقُلْتُ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَعْجَبَ مِنْ هَذَا كُنَّا نَسْتَعْظِمُ قَوْلَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِلَا وَاسِطَةٍ فَقَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِلَا وَاسِطَةٍ.
I went out to my companions. I said, ‘I have not seen anything stranger than this! We used to magnify the words of Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said (such and such)’, without there being an intermediary. Abu Abdullah-asws said to me: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Said (such and such)’, without there being an intermediary!’’[73]
31- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ اللُّؤْلُؤِيِّ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: عَبَدَ اللَّهَ عَابِدٌ ثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً ثُمَّ أَشْرَفَ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ فَوَقَعَتْ فِي نَفْسِهِ فَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهَا فَرَاوَدَهَا عَنْ نَفْسِهَا فَطَاوَعَتْهُ فَلَمَّا قَضَى مِنْهَا حَاجَتَهُ طَرَقَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَاعْتُقِلَ لِسَانُهُ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ash’ary, from Al Luluie, raising it from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘A worshipper worshipped Allah-azwj for eighty years, then he looked at a woman and desired her. He descended to her and seduced her and she yielded to him. When he had fulfilled his need from her, the Angel of death knock him down and locked his tongue.
فَمَرَّ سَائِلٌ فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ خُذْ رَغِيفاً كَانَ فِي كِسَائِهِ فَأَحْبَطَ اللَّهُ عَمَلَ ثَمَانِينَ سَنَةٍ بِتِلْكَ الزِّنْيَةِ وَ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ الرَّغِيفِ.
A beggar passed by, so he gestured to him to take a loaf which was in his basket. Allah-azwj has Nullified the work of eighty years due to that adultery, and Allah-azwj Forgave him due to that loaf’’.[74]
32- ثو، ثواب الأعمال مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَذَكَرُوا الْوَجَعَ فَقَالَ دَاوُوا مَرْضَاكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ وَ مَا عَلَى أَحَدِكُمْ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِقُوتِ يَوْمِهِ إِنَّ مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ يُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ الصَّكُّ بِقَبْضِ رُوحِ الْعَبْدِ فَيَتَصَدَّقُ فَيُقَالُ لَهُ رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ الصَّكَ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Al-Hassan Bin Al-Husayn, from Muaz Bin Muslim who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws. They mentioned the pain. He-asws said: ‘Medicate your patients by donating the charity, and what is upon one of you if he were to donate his subsistence (meal) of his day? The Angel of death, the Decree is handed to him to capture the soul of a servant. He donates charity, so it is said to him: ‘Return the Decree of his!’’[75]
33- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَحْطٌ شَدِيدٌ سِنِينَ مُتَوَاتِرَةً وَ كَانَ عِنْدَ امْرَأَةٍ لُقْمَةٌ مِنْ خُبْزٍ فَوَضَعَتْهَا فِي فِيهَا لِتَأْكُلَهَا فَنَادَى السَّائِلُ يَا أَمَةَ اللَّهِ الْجُوعُ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Idrees, from his father, from Al Ashary, from Ibn Hashim, from Musa Bin Abu Al-Hassan,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘There was severe drought among the children of Israel for consecutive years, and in the possession of a woman was a morsel of bread. She placed it in her mouth in order to eat it. A beggar called out, ‘O maid of Allah-azwj, the hunger!’
فَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ أَتَصَدَّقُ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا الزَّمَانِ
The woman said, ‘Should I donate in the likes of this time (of famine)?’
فَأَخْرَجَتْهَا مِنْ فِيهَا فَدَفَعَتْهَا إِلَى السَّائِلِ وَ كَانَ لَهَا وَلَدٌ صَغِيرٌ يَحْتَطِبُ فِي الصَّحْرَاءِ فَجَاءَ الذِّئْبُ فَحَمَلَهُ فَوَقَعَتِ الصَّيْحَةُ فَعَدَتِ الْأُمُّ فِي أَثَرِ الذِّئْبِ
She extracted it from her mouth and handed it to the beggar. And there was a young son for her gathering wood in the desert. A wolf came and carried him away. The shrieks occurred. The mother pursued in the tracks of the wolf.
فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى جَبْرَئِيلَ ع فَأَخْرَجَ الْغُلَامَ مِنْ فَمِ الذِّئْبِ فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى أُمِّهِ فَقَالَ لَهَا جَبْرَئِيلُ يَا أَمَةَ اللَّهِ أَ رَضِيتِ لُقْمَةً بِلُقْمَةٍ.
Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Dispatched Jibraeel-as. He-as extracted the boy from the mouth of the wolf and handed him to its mother. Jibraeel-as said to her: ‘O maid of Allah-azwj! Are you satisfied with a morsel for a morsel?’’[76]
34- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَزْرَجِ عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ فِي يَوْمٍ أَوْ لَيْلَةٍ إِنْ كَانَ يَوْمٌ فَيَوْمٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَيْلٌ فَلَيْلٌ دَفَعَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْهُ الْهَدْمَ وَ السَّبُعَ وَ مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Al Khazraj, from Fuzeyl Bin Usman,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who donates charity during a day or a night, if it was day, so a day, and if it was night, so a night, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will Repel from him the crushing, and the predators, and the evil death’’.[77]
35- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الصَّدَقَةُ تَمْنَعُ مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Ali, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The charity prevents the evil death’’.[78]
36- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْضُ الْقِيَامَةِ نَارٌ مَا خَلَا ظِلَّ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَإِنَّ صَدَقَتَهُ تُظِلُّهُ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Barqy, from Muhammad Bin Ali, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzeyl, from Abdul Rahman Bin Zayd,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The ground on (the Day of) Qiyamah would be of fire, apart from shade of the Momin, for his charity would shade him’’.[79]
37- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْأَوَّلِ ع فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ الشَّيْءُ أَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ أَفْضَلُ أَمْ يَشْتَرِي بِهِ نَسَمَةً
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Al Barqy, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Yaqteen, from his brother Al-Hassan, from his father,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 1st regarding the man who has something in his possession, is it better if he were to donate in charity with it or he buys a person (slave)?’
فَقَالَ الصَّدَقَةُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَ.
He-asws said: ‘The charity is more beloved to me-asws!’’[80]
38- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع تَصَدَّقْتُ يَوْماً بِدِينَارٍ فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ يَا عَلِيُّ أَنَّ صَدَقَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ لَا تَخْرُجُ مِنْ يَدِهِ حَتَّى يَفُكَّ عَنْهَا مِنْ لَحْيَيْ سَبْعِينَ شَيْطَاناً كُلُّهُمْ يَأْمُرُهُ بِأَنْ لَا تَفْعَلْ وَ مَا يَقَعُ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ حَتَّى يَقَعَ فِي يَدِ الرَّبِّ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Abu Najran, from Abu Jameela, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws said: ‘One day I-asws donated charity with a Dinar. Rasool-Allah-saww said to me-asws: ‘Don’t you-asws know, O Ali-asws, that the charity by a Momin does not exit from his hand until it is released from the jaws of seventy Satans-la, all of them instructing him not to do it? And it does not fall into the hand of a beggar until it falls into a Hand of the Lord-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty (first)?’
ثُمَّ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ أَ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنَ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبادِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقاتِ وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ.
Then he-saww recited this Verse: Do they not know that Allah Accepts the repentance from His servants, and He Takes the charities, and that Allah, He is the Oft-Turning, the Merciful? [9:104]’’.[81]
39- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ قَالَ: خَرَجَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي لَيْلَةٍ قَدْ رَشَّتِ السَّمَاءُ وَ هُوَ يُرِيدُ ظُلَّةَ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ قَدْ سَقَطَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ رُدَّهُ عَلَيْنَا
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Al Sa’adabady, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Sa’dan Bin Muslim, from Moalla Bin Khuneys who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws went out during a night the sky was drizzling and he-asws intended the shade of the clan of Sa’ada. I followed him-asws, and something fell off from him-asws. He-asws said: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj! O Allah-azwj, Return it to us!’
قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ مُعَلَّى
He (the narrator) said, ‘I followed him-asws and greeted unto him-asws. He-asws said: ‘Moalla?’
قُلْتُ نَعَمْ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
I said, ‘Yes, may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
فَقَالَ لِيَ الْتَمِسْ بِيَدِكَ فَمَا وَجَدْتَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَادْفَعْهُ إِلَيَّ
He-asws said: ‘Search with your hand. Whatever thing you find, give it to me-asws!’
قَالَ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِخُبْزٍ مُنْتَثِرٍ فَجَعَلْتُ أَدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ مَا وَجَدْتُ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِجِرَابٍ مِنْ خُبْزٍ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ احْمِلْهُ عَلَيَّ
He (the narrator) said: ‘There I found scattered pieces of bread, so I kept giving it to him-asws whatever I found. Then there was a basket of bread. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Load it upon me!’
فَقَالَ لَا أَنَا أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْكَ وَ لَكِنِ امْضِ مَعِي
He-asws said: ‘No! I-asws am foremost with it than you are, but continue with me-asws!’
قَالَ فَأَتَيْنَا ظُلَّةَ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَإِذَا نَحْنُ بِقَوْمٍ نِيَامٍ فَجَعَلَ يَدُسُّ الرَّغِيفَ وَ الرَّغِيفَيْنِ تَحْتَ ثَوْبِ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى أَتَى عَلَى آخِرِهِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفْنَا فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يَعْرِفُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْحَقَّ
He (the narrator) said, ‘We came to a shade of the clan of Sa’ada. There we were with a group of people sleeping. He-asws went on to place the loaf and the two loaves beneath the cloth of each one of them until he-asws came to its last. Then we left. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you‑asws! Do these people recognise the truth?’
فَقَالَ ع لَوْ عَرَفُوا لَوَاسَيْنَاهُمْ بِالدُّقَّةِ وَ الدُّقَّةُ هِيَ الْمِلْحُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَخْلُقْ شَيْئاً إِلَّا وَ لَهُ خَازِنٌ يَخْزُنُهُ إِلَّا الصَّدَقَةَ فَإِنَّ الرَّبَّ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَلِيهَا بِنَفْسِهِ
He-asws said: ‘Had they recognised, we-asws would have consoled (increased them) with ‘Al-Daqeeq’ (and ‘Al-Daqeeq’, it is the salt). Allah-azwj did not Create anything except and there is a keeper for it except the charity, for the Lord-azwj Blessed and Exalted Takes charge of it by Himself-azwj.
وَ كَانَ أَبِي إِذَا تَصَدَّقَ بِشَيْءٍ وَضَعَهُ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ ثُمَّ ارْتَدَّهُ مِنْهُ فَقَبَّلَهُ وَ شَمَّهُ ثُمَّ رَدَّهُ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهَا تَقَعُ فِي يَدِ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقَعَ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ أُنَاوِلَ مَا وَلِيَهَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِنْ إِذَا نَاوَلَهَا اللَّهُ وَلِيَهَا
And my-asws father-asws had donated with something and placed it in the hand of a beggar. Then he-asws took it back from him, kissed it and smelt it, then returned it into the hand of the beggar, and that was because it falls into the Hand of Allah-azwj before it falls into the hand of the beggar, so I-asws loved to give what Allah-azwj the Exalted is in charge of Giving!
إِنَّ صَدَقَةَ اللَّيْلِ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ وَ تَمْحُو الذَّنْبَ الْعَظِيمَ وَ تُهَوِّنُ الْحِسَابَ وَ صَدَقَةَ النَّهَارِ تُثْمِرُ الْمَالَ وَ تَزِيدُ فِي الْعُمُرِ
Charity at night extinguishes Wrath of the Lord and Deletes the mighty sin, and Eases the Reckoning, while charity at daytime multiplies the wealth and increases in the lifespan.
إِنَّ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ ع لَمَّا أَنْ مَرَّ عَلَى شَاطِئِ الْبَحْرِ أَلْقَى بِقُرْصٍ مِنْ قُوتِهِ فِي الْمَاءِ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ الْحَوَارِيِّينَ يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ وَ كَلِمَتَهُ لِمَ فَعَلْتَ هَذَا فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مِنْ قُوتِكَ
When Isa-as Ibn Maryam-as passed by a coast of the sea, he-asws threw a morsel from his-as daily food into the water. One the disciples said to him-as, O Spirit of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Word! Why did you-as do this? Rather it is from your-as daily food’.
قَالَ فَعَلْتُ هَذَا لِتَأْكُلَهُ دَابَّةٌ مِنْ دَوَابِّ الْمَاءِ وَ ثَوَابُهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَظِيمٌ.
He-as said: ‘I-as did this for creatures from creatures of the water to eat it, and its Reward is mighty in the Presence of Allah-azwj’’.[82]
40- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَانَ وَرَشَانٌ يُفْرِخُ فِي شَجَرَةٍ وَ كَانَ رَجُلٌ يَأْتِيهِ إِذَا أَدْرَكَ الْفَرْخَانِ فَيَأْخُذُ الْفَرْخَيْنِ فَشَكَا ذَلِكَ الْوَرَشَانُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَأَكْفِيكَهُ
(The book) ‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’, may the greetings be upon them-as – Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘There was a dove who laid eggs in a tree, and a man had come to it when the two chicks had matured and seized the two chicks. That dove complained to Allah-azwj the Exalted. He-azwj Said: ‘I-azwj shall Suffice you of him!”
قَالَ فَأَفْرَخَ الْوَرَشَانُ وَ جَاءَ الرَّجُلُ وَ مَعَهُ رَغِيفَانِ فَصَعِدَ الشَّجَرَةَ وَ عَرَضَ لَهُ سَائِلٌ فَأَعْطَاهُ أَحَدَ الرَّغِيفَيْنِ ثُمَّ صَعِدَ فَأَخَذَ الْفَرْخَيْنِ وَ نَزَلَ بِهِمَا فَسَلَّمَهُ اللَّهُ لِمَا تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘The dove gave birth (again), and the man came and there were two loaves of bread with him. He climbed the tree, and a beggar presented to him, so he gave him one of the two loaves. Then he climbed and seized the two chicks, and descended with them. Allah‑azwj Kept him safe due to what he had donated in charity with’’.[83]
41- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قِرَاءَةُ الْقُرْآنِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ قِرَاءَةِ الْقُرْآنِ فِي غَيْرِ الصَّلَاةِ وَ ذِكْرُ اللَّهِ كَثِيراً أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الصَّوْمِ وَ الصَّوْمُ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Ibrahim Bin Is’baq, from Abu Usman Al Abdy,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws who said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Reading the Quran during the Salat is better than reading the Quran during other than the Salat, and frequenting the Zikr of Allah-azwj is better than the charity, and the charity is better than the fasting, and the fasting is a shield from the Hellfire’’.[84]
42- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ عَنْ مِسْمَعٍ كِرْدِينٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ إِذَا أَصْبَحَ دَفَعَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ نَحْسَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Bashir Bin Maslama, from Misma’a Kirdeen,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who donates charity when it is morning, Allah-azwj will Repel from him inauspiciousness of that day’’.[85]
43- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَمَّامِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيُرَبِّي لِأَحَدِكُمُ الصَّدَقَةَ كَمَا يُرَبِّي أَحَدُكُمْ وَلَدَهُ حَتَّى يَلْقَاهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ هُوَ مِثْلُ أُحُدٍ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Muhammad Al Qammam,
‘From Ali-asws` Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from the Prophet-saww who said: ‘Allah-azwj will Nourish the charity for every one of you just as one of you tends to nourish his child, to the extent that he will meet it on the Day of Qiyamah and it would be like (mount) Ohad’’.[86]
44- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَنَا خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَكَّلْتُ بِالْأَشْيَاءِ غَيْرِي إِلَّا الصَّدَقَةَ فَإِنِّي أَقْبِضُهَا بِيَدِي حَتَّى أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ أَوِ الْمَرْأَةَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِشِقَّةِ التَّمْرَةِ فَأُرَبِّيهَا لَهُ كَمَا يُرَبِّي الرَّجُلُ مِنْكُمْ فَصِيلَهُ وَ فَلُوَّهُ حَتَّى أَتْرُكَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَعْظَمَ مِنْ أُحُدٍ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abu Hamza,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Said: “I-azwj am Creator of all things, and I-azwj have Allocated others for the things except the charity, for I-azwj shall Fulfil it with My-azwj Hands to the extent that if the man or the woman were to donate part of a date, I-azwj shall Nourish it for him just as the man from you nourishes his foal, and young camel until I-azwj shall Leave it on the Day of Qiyamah mightier than (mount) Ohad’’.[87]
45- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ وُكِّلَ بِهِ مَلَكٌ غَيْرُ الصَّدَقَةِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْخُذُ بِيَدِهِ وَ يُرَبِّيهِ كَمَا يُرَبِّي أَحَدُكُمْ وَلَدَهُ حَتَّى يَلْقَاهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ هِيَ مِثْلُ أُحُدٍ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi –
From Ali son of Ja’far-asws, from his brother Musa-asws, from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There isn’t anything except an Angel has been allocated with it, apart from the charity, for Allah-azwj Takes it by His-azwj Hand and Nourishes it just as one of you tends to nourish his child, to the extent that he will meet it on the Day of Qiyamah and it would be like (mount) Ohad’’.[88]
46- سر، السرائر مِنْ كِتَابِ الْمَسَائِلِ مِنْ مَسَائِلِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَ مُوسَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الْمَسَاكِينِ الَّذِينَ يَقْعُدُونَ فِي الطُّرُقَاتِ مِنَ الْجَزَائِرِ وَ السَّاسَانِيِّينَ وَ غَيْرِهِمْ هَلْ يَجُوزُ التَّصَدُّقُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَعْرِفَ مَذْهَبَهُمْ
(The) book ‘Al Saraair’ – from ‘Kitab Al Masaail’, from questions by Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Isa. It is narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Ziyad, and Musa Bin Muhammad Bin Ali who said,
‘I wrote to Abu Al-Hassan-asws asking him-asws about the needy ones, those who are sitting in the roads, from the Algerians and the Sassanids and others, ‘Is it allowed to donate charity to them before knowing their doctrines?’
فَأَجَابَ مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَى نَاصِبٍ فَصَدَقَتُهُ عَلَيْهِ لَا لَهُ لَكِنْ عَلَى مَنْ لَا تَعْرِفُ مَذْهَبَهُ وَ حَالَهُ فَذَلِكَ أَفْضَلُ وَ أَكْثَرُ وَ مِنْ بَعْدُ فَمَنْ تَرَقَّقْتَ عَلَيْهِ وَ رَحِمْتَهُ وَ لَمْ يُمْكِنِ اسْتِعْلَامُ مَا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِالتَّصَدُّقِ عَلَيْهِ بَأْسٌ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
He-asws replied: ‘One who donates charity to a Nasibi (hostile one), his charity would be against him, not for him, but upon the one you don’t know his doctrine and his state, that is better and greater, and from after (that), the one you feel pity upon and mercy him and it is not possible to know what (doctrine) he is upon, giving the charity to him would not be any problem, if Allah-azwj so Desires’’.[89]
47- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع تَصَدَّقْتُ يَوْماً بِدِينَارٍ فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ صَدَقَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ لَا تَخْرُجُ مِنْ يَدِهِ حَتَّى يَفُكَّ بِهَا عَنْ لَحْيَيْ سَبْعِينَ شَيْطَاناً وَ مَا يَقَعُ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ حَتَّى يَقَعَ فِي يَدِ الرَّبِّ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Jabir Al Jufy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘One day I-asws donated a Dinar in charity. Rasool-Allah-saww said to me-asws: ‘Don’t you know that charity of the Momin does not exit from his hand until it is released from the jaws of seventy Satans-la, and it does not fall into a hand of the beggar until it falls into a Hand of the Lord-azwj, Blessed and Exalted.
أَ لَمْ يَقُلْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ أَ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبادِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقاتِ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ.
Is He-azwj not Saying this Verse: Do they not know that Allah Accepts the repentance from His servants, and He Takes the charities, [9:104] – up to end of the Verse’’.[90]
48- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ قَالَ: خَرَجَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي لَيْلَةٍ قَدْ رُشَّتْ وَ هُوَ يُرِيدُ ظُلَّةَ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ قَدْ سَقَطَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ ارْدُدْ عَلَيْنَا
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Moalla Bin Khuneys who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws went out during a night of drizzling rain and he-asws wanted the shade of the clan of Saidah. I followed him-asws, and there something had fallen off from him-asws. He‑asws said: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj! O Allah-azwj, Return (it) to us-asws!’
فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ مُعَلَّى
I followed him-asws and greeted unto him-asws. He-asws said: ‘Moalla?’
قُلْتُ نَعَمْ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
I said, ‘Yes, may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
قَالَ الْتَمِسْ بِيَدِكَ فَمَا وَجَدْتَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَادْفَعْهُ إِلَيَّ
He-asws said: ‘Search with your hands. Whatever thing you find, give it to me-asws!’
فَإِذَا أَنَا بِخُبْزٍ كَثِيرٍ مُنْتَثِرٍ فَجَعَلْتُ أَدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ الرَّغِيفَ وَ الرَّغِيفَيْنِ وَ إِذَا مَعَهُ جِرَابٌ أَعْجَزُ مِنْ خُبْزٍ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ احْمِلْهُ عَلَيَّ
There I found a lot of bread which was scattered. I kept giving it to him-asws, the loaf, and the two loaves, and there was a basked full of bread. I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, load it upon me!’
فَقَالَ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْكَ وَ لَكِنِ امْضِ مَعِي
He-asws said: ‘I-asws am foremost with it than you are, but continue with me-asws!’
فَأَتَيْنَا ظُلَّةَ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَإِذَا نَحْنُ بِقَوْمٍ نِيَامٍ فَجَعَلَ يَدُسُّ الرَّغِيفَ وَ الرَّغِيفَيْنِ حَتَّى أَتَى عَلَى آخِرِهِمْ حَتَّى إِذَا انْصَرَفْنَا قُلْتُ لَهُ يَعْرِفُ هَؤُلَاءِ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ
We came to the shade of the clan of Saida. There we were with a group of people sleeping. He-asws went on to place the loaf, and the two loaves until he-asws came to their last one, then we left. I said to him-asws, ‘Do they recognise this matter (Wilayah)?’
قَالَ لَا لَوْ عَرَفُوا كَانَ الْوَاجِبُ عَلَيْنَا أَنْ نُوَاسِيَهُمْ بِالدُّقَّةِ وَ هُوَ الْمِلْحُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَخْلُقْ شَيْئاً إِلَّا وَ لَهُ خَازِنٌ يَخْزُنُهُ إِلَّا الصَّدَقَةَ فَإِنَّ الرَّبَّ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَلِيهَا بِنَفْسِهِ
He-asws said: ‘No. Had they recognised, it would have been obligatory upon us-asws to console (increase) them with ‘Al-Dukkah’, and it is the salt. Allah-azwj did not Create anything except and there is a keeper for it, treasuring it, except the charity, for the Lord-azwj Blessed and Exalted is in Charge of it Himself-azwj.
وَ كَانَ أَبِي إِذَا تَصَدَّقَ بِشَيْءٍ وَضَعَهُ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ ثُمَّ ارْتَجَعَهُ مِنْهُ فَقَبَّلَهُ وَ شَمَّهُ ثُمَّ رَدَّهُ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهَا تَقَعُ فِي يَدِ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقَعَ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ أَلِيَهَا إِذَا وَلِيَهَا اللَّهُ وَ وَلِيَهَا أَبِي
And it was so, whenever my-asws father-asws donated with anything, he-asws would place it in a hand of the beggar, then retract it from him. He would kiss it, and smell it, then return it into a hand of the beggar, and that was because it (charity) falls into the Hand of Allah-azwj before it falls into the hands of the beggar, therefore I-asws loved to give it personally when Allah-azwj is in Charge of it, and my-asws father-asws had given it personally.
إِنَّ صَدَقَةَ اللَّيْلِ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ وَ تَمْحُو الذَّنْبَ الْعَظِيمَ وَ تُهَوِّنُ الْحِسَابَ وَ صَدَقَةَ النَّهَارِ تُنْمِي الْمَالَ وَ تَزِيدُ فِي الْعُمُرِ.
Charity at night extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj and deletes the mighty sin, and Eases the Reckoning, while charity at daytime grows the wealth and increases in the lifespan’’.[91]
49- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا وُكِّلَ بِهِ مَلَكٌ إِلَّا الصَّدَقَةِ فَإِنَّهَا تَقَعُ فِي يَدِ اللَّهِ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘There is none from a thing except Allah-azwj has Allocated an Angel with it, except the charity, for it falls into the Hand of Allah-azwj (first)’’.[92]
50- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص خَصْلَتَانِ لَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يُشَارِكَنِي فِيهِمَا أَحَدٌ وُضُوئِي فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ صَلَاتِي وَ صَدَقَتِي مِنْ يَدِي إِلَى يَدِ سَائِلٍ فَإِنَّهَا تَقَعُ فِي يَدِ الرَّحْمَنِ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Abu Bakr, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, from his-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Two characteristics I-asws don’t like anyone to participate with me-asws in it – my-asws Wud’u, for it is (part) of my-asws Salat, and my-asws charity from my-asws hand to the hand of a beggar, for it falls into a Hand of the Lord-azwj (first)’’.[93]
51 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع إِذَا أَعْطَى السَّائِلَ قَبَّلَ يَدَ السَّائِلِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ لِمَ تَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws), said, ‘It was so, whenever Ali Bin Al-Husayn-asws gave the beggar, he-asws would kiss a hand of the beggar. It was said to him-asws, ‘Why do you‑asws do that?’
قَالَ لِأَنَّهَا تَقَعُ فِي يَدِ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ يَدِ الْعَبْدِ
He-asws said: ‘Because it falls into the Hand of Allah-azwj before a hand of the servant’.
وَ قَالَ لَيْسَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا وُكِّلَ بِهِ مَلَكٌ إِلَّا الصَّدَقَةُ فَإِنَّهَا تَقَعُ فِي يَدِ اللَّهِ
And he-asws said: ‘There is none from a thing except an Angel has been Allocated with it, except the charity, for it falls into the Hand of Allah-azwj (first)’.
قَالَ الْفَضْلُ أَظُنُّهُ يُقَبِّلُ الْخُبْزَ أَوِ الدِّرْهَمَ.
Al Fazl said, ‘I think he-asws would kiss the bread or the Dirham (before giving it)’’.[94]
52 شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع ضَمِنْتُ عَلَى رَبِّي أَنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لَا تَقَعُ فِي يَدِ الْعَبْدِ حَتَّى تَقَعَ فِي يَدِ الرَّبِّ وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبادِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقاتِ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Malik Bin Atiyya –
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘I-asws guarantee upon my‑asws Lord-azwj that the charity will not fall into a hand of the servant until it falls into the Hand of the Lord-azwj (first), and it is His-azwj Word: Allah Accepts the repentance from His servants, and He Takes the charities, [9:104]’’.[95]
53 جا، المجالس للمفيد الْجِعَابِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي أَبُوكَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ع تَصَدَّقْ بِشَيْءٍ عِنْدَ الْبُكُورِ فَإِنَّ الْبَلَاءَ لَا يَتَخَطَّى الصَّدَقَةَ.
(The book) ‘Al Majalis’ of Al Mufeed – Al Jiany, from Ibn Uqda, from Ja’far Bin Abdullah, from his brother Muhammad Bin Is’haq son of Ja’far-asws, from Muhammad Bin Hilal who said,
‘Your father Ja’far-asws Bin Muhammad-asws had said to me: ‘Donate with something at the early morning, for the calamity does not surpass the charity’’.[96]
54 نجم، كتاب النجوم مِنْ كِتَابِ التَّجَمُّلِ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَبْصُرُ بِالنُّجُومِ وَ أَعْرِفُهَا وَ أَعْرِفُ الطَّالِعَ فَيَدْخُلُنِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ فَشَكَوْتُ ذَلِكَ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ إِذَا وَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِكَ شَيْءٌ فَخُذْ شَيْئاً فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ عَلَى أَوَّلِ مِسْكِينٍ تَلْقَاهُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَدْفَعُ عَنْكَ.
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Nujoum’, from ‘Kitab Al Tajammul’ – from Uzina, from Ibn Abu Umeyr who said,
‘I was insightful with the stars and recognised them, and I knew the emergence. Something from that entered into me, so I complained of that to Abu Abdullah-asws. He-asws said: ‘When something occurs within yourself, take something and donate in charity with it upon the first needy one you meet, for Allah-azwj will Repel it from you’’.[97]
55 مكا، مكارم الأخلاق عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الصَّدَقَةُ بِالْيَدِ تَقِي مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ وَ تَدْفَعُ سَبْعِينَ نَوْعاً مِنْ أَنْوَاعِ الْبَلَاءِ وَ تُفَكُّ عَنْ لَحْيَيْ سَبْعِينَ شَيْطَاناً كُلُّهُمْ يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ.
(The book) ‘Makarim Al Akhlaq’ –
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The charity (given) by the hand saves from the evil death, and repels seventy types from the types of afflictions, and is released from the jaws of seventy Satans-la, all of them instructing him not to do so’’.[98]
وَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: صَدَقَةُ السِّرِّ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ.
And from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Charity in secrecy extinguishes Wrath of the Lord‑azwj’’.[99]
وَ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الصَّدَقَةُ تَمْنَعُ مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ.
And from him-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The charity prevents the evil death’’.
وَ قَالَ ص إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ وَ صِلَةَ الرَّحِمِ تَعْمُرَانِ الدِّيَارَ وَ تَزِيدَانِ فِي الْأَعْمَارِ.
And he-saww said: ‘The charity and connecting the kinship both build the households and increase in the lifespans’’.[100]
عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ أَوْ لَيْلَةٍ إِنْ كَانَ يَوْمٌ فَيَوْمٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَيْلٌ فَلَيْلٌ دُفِعَ عَنْهُ الْهَدْمُ وَ السَّبُعُ وَ مِيتَةُ السَّوْءِ.
From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘One who give charity during every day or night, if it was a day so a day, or if it was night so a night, the crushing, and the predators, and the evil death would be repelled from him’’.[101]
عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: الْبِرُّ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ يَنْفِيَانِ الْفَقْرَ وَ يَزِيدَانِ فِي الْعُمُرِ وَ يَدْفَعَانِ عَنْ سَبْعِينَ مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ.
From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The righteous act and the charity both negate the poverty and increase in the lifespan, and they defect from seventy types of evil deaths’’.[102]
عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَذَكَرُوا الْوَجَعَ فَقَالَ دَاوُوا مَرْضَاكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ وَ مَا عَلَى أَحَدِكُمْ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِقُوتِ يَوْمِهِ إِنَّ مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ يُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ الصَّكُّ بِقَبْضِ رُوحِ الْعَبْدِ فَيَتَصَدَّقُ فَيُقَالُ لَهُ رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ الصَّكَّ.
From Muaz Bin Muslim who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws. They mentioned the pain. He-asws said: ‘Medicate your sick ones by (giving) the charity, and what is upon one of you if he were to donate with the meal of his day? The Angel of death, the Decree is handed to him to capture the soul of a servant, so it is said to him to return the deed (back) to Him-azwj’’.[103]
عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: دَاوُوا مَرْضَاكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ وَ حَصِّنُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بِالزَّكَاةِ وَ أَنَا ضَامِنٌ لِكُلِّ مَا يَتْوَى فِي بَرٍّ أَوْ بَحْرٍ بَعْدَ أَدَاءِ حَقِّ اللَّهِ فِيهِ مِنَ التَّلَفِ.
From him-asws having said: ‘Medicate your sick ones by (giving) the charity and fortify your wealth by (paying) the Zakat, and I-asws guarantee from the damage for all what is destroyed in land or sea after fulfilling the right of Allah-azwj!’’[104]
عَنِ الْعَالِمِ ع قَالَ: الصَّدَقَةُ تَدْفَعُ الْقَضَاءَ الْمُبْرَمَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ.
From the Scholar-asws having said: ‘The charity repels the Pre-determined Decrees (of calamities) from the sky!’’[105]
56 كش، رجال الكشي حَمْدَوَيْهِ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنِ ابْنِ عُذَافِرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَى النَّاصِبِ وَ عَلَى الزَّيْدِيَّةِ فَقَالَ لَا تَصَدَّقْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِشَيْءٍ وَ لَا تَسْقِهِمْ مِنَ الْمَاءِ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ
(The book) ‘Rijal Al Kashi’ – Hamdawiya, from Ibn Yazeed, from Muhammad Bin Umar, from Ibn Uzafir, from Umar Bin Yazeed who said,
‘I asked Abu Abdullah-asws about the charity given to the Nasibi (hostile one), and to the Zaydiite. He-asws said: ‘Do not give charity to them with anything nor quench them from the water if you are able’.
وَ قَالَ لِيَ الزَّيْدِيَّةُ هُمُ النُّصَّابُ.
And he-asws said: ‘The Zaydiites, they are the Nasibis (hostile ones)’’.[106]
57 جع، جامع الأخبار رَوَى يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ بِإِسْنَادٍ صَحِيحٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ أَنْفِقْ وَ أَيْقِنْ بِالْخَلَفِ وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ مَنْ لَمْ يُنْفِقْ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ ابْتُلِيَ بِأَنْ يُنْفِقَ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَمْشِ فِي حَاجَةِ وَلِيِّ اللَّهِ ابْتُلِيَ بِأَنْ يَمْشِيَ فِي حَاجَةِ عَدُوِّ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.
(The book) ‘Jamie Al Akhbar’ – It is reported by Yaqoub Bin Yazeed by a correct chain. He said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘Spend and be certain of the replacement, and know that the one who does not spend in obedience of Allah-azwj will be Tried with spending in disobedience of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and the one who does not walk regarding a need of a friend of Allah-azwj will be Tried with walking regarding a need of an enemy of Allah‑azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[107]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَنْ مَنَعَ مَالَهُ مِنَ الْأَخْيَارِ اخْتِيَاراً صَرَفَ اللَّهُ مَالَهُ إِلَى الْأَشْرَارِ اضْطِرَاراً.
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘One who prevent his wealth from the good people by choice, Allah‑azwj will Turn his wealth away towards the evil people out of desperation’’.[108]
58 ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر صَفْوَانُ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ غَالِبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: الْبِرُّ وَ صَدَقَةُ السِّرِّ يَنْفِيَانِ الْفَقْرَ وَ يَزِيدَانِ فِي الْعُمُرِ وَ يَدْفَعَانِ عَنْ سَبْعِينَ مِيتَةَ سَوْءٍ.
From the book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – Safwan, from Is’haq Bin Ghalib, from his father,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The righteous act and the secretive charity both negate the poverty and increase in the lifespan, and repel from seventy (types of) evil death’’.[109]
59 ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر فَضَالَةُ عَنْ سَيْفٍ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنِ الْوَصَّافِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: صَدَقَةُ السِّرِّ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ.
From the book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – Fazalah, from Sayf, from Abu Al Sabbah, from Jabir, from Al Wassafi,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The secretive charity extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj’’.[110]
60 محص، التمحيص عَنْ صَفْوَانَ قَالَ: ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع ضُعَفَاءُ أَصْحَابِنَا وَ مَحَاوِيجُهُمْ فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ نَفْعَهُمْ وَ أُحِبُّ مَنْ نَفَعَهُمْ.
(The book) ‘Al Tamhees’ – From Safwan who said,
‘There was a mention in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws of our weak companions and their needy ones. He-asws said: ‘I-asws love to benefit them and I-asws love the ones who benefit them’’.[111]
61 محص، التمحيص عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَيَاسِيرُ شِيعَتِنَا أُمَنَاءُ عَلَى مَحَاوِيجِهِمْ فَاحْفَظُونَا فِيهِمْ يَحْفَظْكُمُ اللَّهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Tamhees’ – From Al Mufazzal who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The affluent from our-asws Shias are trustees upon their needy ones, therefore protect us-asws regarding them, may Allah-azwj Protect you!’’[112]
62 نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا نَقَصَ مَالٌ مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ قَطُّ فَأَعْطُوا وَ لَا تَجْبُنُوا.
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – By his chain,
‘From Musa Bin Ja’far-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Wealth does not decrease at all from (giving) charity, so give and do not be cowards’’.[113]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الصَّدَقَةُ تَمْنَعُ مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ.
And by this chain, he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The charity prevents from the evil death’’.[114]
وَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص اسْتَنْزِلُوا الرِّزْقَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ.
And he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Download the sustenance by (giving) the charity’’.[115]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كُلُّكُمْ يُكَلِّمُ رَبَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُ تَرْجُمَانٌ
And by chain, he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Every one of you will be Spoken to by his Lord-azwj on the Day of Qiyamah and there wouldn’t be any interpreter between him and Him‑azwj.
فَيَنْظُرُ أَمَامَهُ فَلَا يَجِدُ إِلَّا مَا قَدَّمَ وَ يَنْظُرُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ فَلَا يَجِدُ إِلَّا مَا قَدَّمَ ثُمَّ يَنْظُرُ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِالنَّارِ فَاتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَ لَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ أَحَدُكُمْ فَبِكَلِمَةٍ طَيِّبَةٍ.
He will look in front of him, and he will not find except what he had sent ahead, and he will look on his right and he will not find except what he had sent ahead, then he will look on his left, and behold, he would be with the Hellfire. Therefore, fear the hellfire and even if it is by (donating) a part of a date. If one of you cannot find (part of a date), let him speak a good word’’.[116]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع قَالَ: كَانَتْ أَرْضٌ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ رَجُلٍ فَأَرَادَ قِسْمَتَهَا وَ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ صَاحِبَ نُجُومٍ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى السَّاعَةِ الَّتِي فِيهَا السُّعُودُ فَخَرَجَ فِيهَا وَ نَظَرَ إِلَى السَّاعَةِ الَّتِي فِيهَا النُّحُوسُ فَبَعَثَ إِلَى أَبِي
And by this chain,
‘From Ja’far-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws who said: ‘There was a piece of land (in partnership) between me-asws and a man. He wanted it to be divided, and the man was an astrologer. He looked at the time in which it would be fortunate and he looked at the time in which it would be inauspicious, and he dispatched it to my-asws father-asws.
فَلَمَّا اقْتَسَمَا الْأَرْضَ خَرَجَ خَيْرُ السَّهْمَيْنِ لِأَبِي ع فَجَعَلَ صَاحِبُ النُّجُومِ يَتَعَجَّبُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي مَا لَكَ
When the land was divided, the better of the two portion came to be for my-asws father-asws. The astrologer went on to be surprised. My-asws father-asws said to him-asws: ‘What is the matter with you?’
فَأَخْبَرَهُ الْخَبَرَ
He informed him-asws the news.
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي فَهَلَّا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى خَيْرٍ مِمَّا صَنَعْتَ إِذَا أَصْبَحْتَ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِصَدَقَةٍ تُذْهِبْ عَنْكَ نَحْسَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ إِذَا أَمْسَيْتَ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِصَدَقَةٍ تُذْهِبْ عَنْكَ نَحْسَ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ.
My-asws father-asws said to him: ‘Shall I-asws point you to better than what you had done? Whenever you come to a morning donate charity, the inauspiciousness of that day will go away from you, and whenever it is evening, donate charity, the inauspiciousness of that night will go way from you’’.[117]
63 مَجَالِسُ الشَّيْخِ، أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبْدُونٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ رِزْقٍ الْغُمْشَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يَقُولُ الصَّدَقَةُ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of the sheykh – Ahmad Bin Ubdoun, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al Zubeyr, from Ali Bin Al Hasan Bin Fazzal, from Al Abbas Bin Aamir, from Ahmad Bin Rizqin Al Gumshany, from Abu Usama,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Ali Bin Al-Husayn-asws had said: ‘The charity extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj!’
قَالَ وَ كَانَ يُقَبِّلُ الصَّدَقَةَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا السَّائِلَ قِيلَ لَهُ مَا يَحْمِلُكَ عَلَى هَذَا
He-asws said: ‘And he-asws would kiss the charity before he-asws giving it to the beggar. It was said to him-asws, ‘What carries you-asws upon (doing) this?’
قَالَ فَقَالَ لَسْتُ أُقَبِّلُ يَدَ السَّائِلِ إِنَّمَا أُقَبِّلُ يَدَ رَبِّي إِنَّهَا تَقَعُ فِي يَدِ رَبِّي قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقَعَ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ.
He-asws said: ‘So he-asws said: ‘I-asws kiss the hand of a beggar, rather I-asws am kissing a Hand of my-asws Lord-azwj. It (charity) falls into the Hand of my-asws Lord-azwj before it falls into a hand of the beggar’’.[118]
64 دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص الصَّدَقَةُ تَسُدُّ سَبْعِينَ بَاباً مِنَ الشَّرِّ.
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘The charity block seventy doors of evil’’.[119]
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ سَائِلًا وَقَفَ عَلَى خَيْمَةٍ وَ فِيهَا امْرَأَةٌ وَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا صَبِيٌّ فِي الْمَهْدِ وَ كَانَتْ تَأْكُلُ وَ مَا بَقِيَ إِلَّا لُقْمَةٌ فَأَعْطَتْهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ سَاعَةٍ اخْتَطَفَ الذِّئْبُ وَلَدَهَا مِنَ الْمَهْدِ فَتَبِعَتْهُ قَلِيلًا فَرَمَى بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ وَ سَمِعَتْ هَاتِفاً يَقُولُ لُقْمَةٌ بِلُقْمَةٍ.
And it is reported that a beggar paused by a tent and therein was a woman, and in front of her was a child in the cradle, and she was eating, and there had not remain except a morsel. She gave it to him. When it was after a while, the wolf snatched her child from the cradle. She pursued him a little and it threw him from without any evil (harm), and she heard a caller saying: ‘A morsel for a morsel!’’[120]
65 نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع الصَّدَقَةُ دَوَاءٌ مُنْجِحٌ.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The charity is a successful cure!’’[121]
66 نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع اسْتَنْزِلُوا الرِّزْقَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Download the sustenance by (giving) the charity’’.[122]
وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ أَيْقَنَ بِالْخَلَفِ جَادَ بِالْعَطِيَّةِ.
And he-asws said: ‘One who is certain of the replacement will be generous with the giving’’.[123]
وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ يُعْطِ بِالْيَدِ الْقَصِيرَةِ يُعْطَ بِالْيَدِ الطَّوِيلَةِ.
And he-asws said: ‘One who gives with the short hand (little) would be Give with the Long Hand (a lot)’’.[124]
وَ قَالَ ع إِذَا أَمْلَقْتُمْ فَتَاجِرُوا اللَّهَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ.
And he-asws said: ‘Whenever you are impoverished, trade with Allah-azwj by (giving) the charity’’.[125]
وَ قَالَ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ لِابْنِهِ الْحَسَنِ ع وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ أَمَامَكَ طَرِيقاً ذَا مَسَافَةٍ بَعِيدَةٍ وَ مَشَقَّةٍ شَدِيدَةٍ وَ أَنَّهُ لَا غِنَى بِكَ فِيهِ مِنْ حُسْنِ الِارْتِيَادِ وَ قَدْرِ بَلَاغِكَ مِنَ الزَّادِ مَعَ خِفَّةِ الظَّهْرِ فَلَا تَحْمِلَنَّ عَلَى ظَهْرِكَ فَوْقَ طَاقَتِكَ فَيَكُونَ ثِقْلُ ذَلِكَ وَبَالًا عَلَيْكَ
And he-asws said to his-asws son-asws Al-Hassan-asws: ‘And know, in front of you-asws there is a path with a far distance and severe adversities, and there escape for you-asws in it from goodly wants, and a measure of your-asws requirements from the provisions along with a light back (less sins), so do not load upon your-asws back above your tolerance for the load of that would be a plague upon you.
وَ إِذَا وَجَدْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْفَاقَةِ مَنْ يَحْمِلُ لَكَ زَادَكَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَيُوَافِيكَ بِهِ غَداً حَيْثُ تَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ فَاغْتَنِمْهُ وَ حَمِّلْهُ إِيَّاهُ وَ أَكْثِرْ مِنْ تَزْوِيدِهِ وَ أَنْتَ قَادِرٌ عَلَيْهِ فَلَعَلَّكَ تَطْلُبُهُ فَلَا تَجِدُهُ وَ اغْتَنِمْ مَنِ اسْتَقْرَضَكَ فِي حَالِ غِنَاكَ لِيَجْعَلَ قَضَاءَهُ لَكَ فِي يَوْمِ عُسْرَتِكَ
And when you-asws find the people of destitution, someone who can carry your-asws provisions for you-asws up to the Day of Qiyamah and be loyal with it tomorrow whereby you will be needy to it, then seize the opportunity and load it on him, and more from providing him (in the world) while you-asws are able upon it. Perhaps you-asws will seek him and cannot find him. And seize the opportunity of the one who wants to borrow from you during the state of your-asws richness and let his repaying you-asws be during a day of your poverty (on the Day of Qiyamah).
إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ع إِنَّمَا لَكَ مِنْ دُنْيَاكَ مَا أَصْلَحْتَ بِهِ مَثْوَاكَ وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ جَازِعاً عَلَى مَا تَفَلَّتَ بِهِ مِنْ يَدَيْكَ فَاجْزَعْ عَلَى كُلِّ مَا لَمْ يَصِلْ إِلَيْكَ.
Up to his-asws words: for you-asws from your-asws world is what your-asws abode can be correct with, and if you-asws were to panic upon what has escaped from your-asws hands, then you-asws will panic upon all what has not arrived to you-asws’’.[126]
67 كَنْزُ الْكَرَاجُكِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَلْعُونٌ مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ وَهَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَالًا فَلَمْ يَتَصَدَّقْ مِنْهُ بِشَيْءٍ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ صَدَقَةُ دِرْهَمٍ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صَلَاةِ عَشْرِ لَيَالٍ.
(The book) ‘Kanz’ of Al Karajaky – From Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Shazan, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Muhammad Bin Ziyad, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umar, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Accursed! Accursed is the one Allah-azwj has Gifted him the wealth but does not donate from it in charity with anything! Have you not heard that the Prophet-saww said: Charity of a Dirham is better than Salat of ten nights’?’’[127]
68 عُدَّةُ الدَّاعِي، كَانَ زَيْنُ الْعَابِدِينَ ع يَقُولُ لِلْخَادِمِ أَمْسِكْ قَلِيلًا حَتَّى يَدْعُوَ.
(The book) ‘Uddat Al Daie’ –
Zayn Al-Abideen-asws had said to the servant: ‘Wait a little until he supplicates’’.[128]
وَ قَالَ: دَعْوَةُ السَّائِلِ الْفَقِيرِ لَا تُرَدُّ
And he-asws said: ‘A supplication of the poor beggar is not rejected’.
وَ كَانَ ع يَأْمُرُ الْخَادِمَ إِذَا أَعْطَتِ السَّائِلَ أَنْ تَأْمُرَهُ بِدَعْوَةٍ بِالْخَيْرِ.
And he-asws had instructed the servant when he gives to the beggar, to instruct him with supplicating with the goodness’’.[129]
وَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع إِذَا أَعْطَيْتُمُوهُمْ فَلَقِّنُوهُمُ الدُّعَاءَ فَإِنَّهُ يُسْتَجَابُ لَهُمْ فِيكُمْ وَ لَا يُسْتَجَابُ لَهُمْ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ
And from one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws): ‘Whenever you give them, teach them the supplication, for it would be Answered for them regarding you and may not be Answered for them regarding their own selves’.
وَ كَانَ ع يُقَبِّلُ يَدَهُ عِنْدَ الصَّدَقَةِ فَسُئِلَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّهَا تَقَعُ فِي يَدِ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقَعَ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ.
And he-asws would kiss his (beggar’s) hand at (giving) the charity. He-asws was asked about that. He-asws said: ‘It falls into the Hand of Allah-azwj before it falls in the hand of the beggar’’.[130]
وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِذَا نَاوَلْتُمُ السَّائِلَ فَلْيَرُدَّ الَّذِي يُنَاوِلُهُ يَدَهُ إِلَى فِيهِ فَيُقَبِّلَهَا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَأْخُذُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقَعَ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ فَإِنَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقَاتِ وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا تَقَعُ صَدَقَةُ الْمُؤْمِنِ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ حَتَّى تَقَعَ فِي يَدِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى
And Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Whenever you give to the beggar, let him take back which his hand has given him to his mouth, and kiss it, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Takes it before it falls into the hand of a beggar, for the Mighty and Majestic Takes the charities, and Rasool-Allah-saww had said: ‘Charity by the Momin does not fall into the hand of the beggar until it falls into the hand of Allah-azwj the Exalted’.
ثُمَّ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ أَ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبادِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقاتِ وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ.
Then he-saww recited this Verse: Do they not know that Allah Accepts the repentance from His servants, and He Takes the charities, and that Allah, He is the Oft-Turning, the Merciful? [9:104]’’.[131]
وَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ مَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ وَكَّلْتُ مَنْ يَقْبِضُهُ غَيْرِي إِلَّا الصَّدَقَةَ فَإِنِّي أَتَلَقَّفُهَا بِيَدِي تَلَقُّفاً حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ يَتَصَدَّقُ أَوِ الْمَرْأَةَ لَتَتَصَدَّقُ بِالتَّمْرَةِ أَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ فَأُرَبِّيهَا لَهُ كَمَا يُرَبِّي الرَّجُلُ فَلُوَّهُ وَ فَصِيلَهُ فَيَلْقَانِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ هِيَ مِثْلُ جَبَلِ أُحُدٍ.
And from Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Says: “There is none from a thing except and I-azwj have Allocated someone else to grip it, except the charity, for I‑azwj Receive it with My-azwj Own Hands, to the extent if the man gives charity of the woman gives charity with a date of part of a date, I-azwj Nourish it for him just as the man nourishes his foal and his young camel. He will meet Me-azwj on the Day of Qiyamah and it would be like mount Ohad!”’[132]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع اسْتَنْزِلُوا الرِّزْقَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ.
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Download the sustenance by (giving) the charity’’.[133]
وَ قَالَ ع لِمُحَمَّدٍ ابْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ كَمْ فَضَلَ مِنْ تِلْكَ النَّفَقَةِ
And he-asws said to his-asws son Muhammad: ‘O my-asws son! How much is the surplus from that expenditure?’
فَقَالَ أَرْبَعُونَ دِينَاراً
He said, ‘Forty Dinars’.
قَالَ اخْرُجْ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهَا
He-asws said: ‘Extract and give in charity with it!’
قَالَ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْقَ مَعِي غَيْرُهَا
He said, ‘There does not remain with me other than it!’
قَالَ تَصَدَّقْ بِهَا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُخْلِفُهَا أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ مِفْتَاحاً وَ مِفْتَاحَ الرِّزْقِ الصَّدَقَةُ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهَا
He-asws said: ‘Give in charity with it, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will Replace it. Don’t you know that for all things there is a key, and the key of sustenance is the charity, so give in charity with it!’
قَالَ فَفَعَلْتُ فَمَا لَبِثَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِلَّا عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ حَتَّى جَاءَهُ مِنْ مَوْضِعٍ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافِ دِينَارٍ.
He said, ‘I did so. Abu Abdullah-asws did not remain except ten days until there came to him‑asws from a place, four thousand Dinars’’.[134]
وَ قَالَ ع الصَّدَقَةُ تَقْضِي الدَّيْنَ وَ تَخْلُفُ بِالْبَرَكَةِ.
And he-asws said: ‘The charity pays off the debts and replaces with the Blessings’’.[135]
وَ قَالَ ع إِذَا أَمْلَقْتُمْ فَتَاجِرُوا اللَّهَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ.
And he-asws said: ‘When you are impoverished, trade with Allah-azwj by (giving) the charity’’.[136]
وَ قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ ع إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لَتَدْفَعُ سَبْعِينَ عِلَّةً مِنْ بَلَايَا الدُّنْيَا مَعَ مِيتَةِ السَّوْءِ إِنَّ صَاحِبَهَا لَا يَمُوتُ مِيتَةَ سَوْءٍ أَبَداً.
And Al Baqir-asws said: ‘The charity repels seventy illnesses from afflictions of the world, along with the evil death. It’s performer will not be dying an evil death, ever’’.[137]
وَ قِيلَ بَيْنَا عِيسَى ع مَعَ أَصْحَابِهِ جَالِساً إِذْ مَرَّ بِهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ هَذَا مَيِّتٌ أَوْ يَمُوتُ
And it was said, ‘While Isa-as was seated with his-as companions when a man passed by his. He‑as said: ‘This one is dead or will be dying!’
لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا أَنْ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ هُوَ يَحْمِلُ حُزْمَةَ حَطَبٍ فَقَالُوا يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرْتَنَا أَنَّهُ مَيِّتٌ وَ هُوَ ذَا نَرَاهُ حَيّاً
They did not remain long until he returned to them and he was carrying firewood. They said, ‘O Spirit of Allah-azwj! You-azwj informed us that he is to die, and there he is, we are seeing him as alive!’
فَقَالَ ع ضَعْ حُزْمَتَكَ
He-asws said: ‘Place down your bundle!’
فَوَضَعَهَا فَفَتَحَهَا فَإِذَا فِيهِ أَسْوَدُ قَدْ أُلْقِمَ حَجَراً فَقَالَ لَهُ عِيسَى ع أَيَّ شَيْءٍ صَنَعْتَ الْيَوْمَ
He placed it. He-as opened it, and there was a black snake in it having swallowed a stone (metaphor for puffed mouth). Isa-as said to him: ‘Which thing did you do today?’
فَقَالَ يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ وَ كَلِمَتَهُ كَانَ مَعِي رَغِيفَانِ فَمَرَّ بِي سَائِلٌ فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ وَاحِداً.
He said, ‘O Spirit of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Word! There were two loaves of bread with me. A beggar passed by me, so I gave him one’’.[138]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع مَا أَحْسَنَ عَبْدٌ الصَّدَقَةَ فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلَّا أَحْسَنَ اللَّهُ الْخِلَافَةَ عَلَى وُلْدِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘A servant will not be excellent of the charity in the world except Allah‑azwj will be Excellent of the replacement upon his children from after him’.
وَ كَانَ ع بِمِنًى فَجَاءَهُ سَائِلٌ فَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِعُنْقُودٍ فَقَالَ لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِي هَذَا إِنْ كَانَ دِرْهَمٌ
And he-asws was at Mina. A beggar came, so he-asws instructed with grapes for him. He said, ‘There is no need for me regarding this, if only it was a Dirham’.
فَقَالَ يَسَعُ اللَّهُ لَكَ
He-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj be Capacious to you!’
فَذَهَبَ وَ لَمْ يُعْطِهِ شَيْئاً فَجَاءَهُ آخَرُ فَأَخَذَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع ثَلَاثَ حَبَّاتٍ مِنْ عِنَبٍ فَنَاوَلَهُ إِيَّاهَا فَأَخَذَهَا السَّائِلُ فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ الَّذِي رَزَقَنِي
He went, and he-asws did not give him anything. Another came to him-asws. Abu Abdullah-asws took three seeds of grapes and gave these to him. The beggar took it. He said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Lord-azwj of the worlds Who has Graced me!’
فَقَالَ ع مَكَانَكَ
He-asws said: ‘(Stay) in your place!’
فَحَثَا لَهُ مِلْءَ كَفَّيْهِ فَنَاوَلَهُ إِيَّاهُ فَقَالَ السَّائِلُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
He-asws scooped out a handful and gave it to him. The beggar said, ‘The Praise is for Lord-azwj of the worlds!’
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَكَانَكَ يَا غُلَامُ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ مَعَكَ مِنَ الدَّرَاهِمِ
Abu Abdullah-asws said to him: ‘(Stay) in your place! O boy! Which thing is there with you, from the Dirhams?’
قَالَ فَإِذَا مَعَهُ نَحْوٌ مِنْ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَماً فِيمَا حَرَزْنَا أَوْ نَحْوِهَا
He said, ‘There is with it around twenty Dirhams among what we have secured’ (or approximately it).
فَقَالَ نَاوِلْهَا إِيَّاهُ
He-asws said: ‘Give it to him!’
فَأَخَذَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ هَذَا مِنْكَ وَحْدَكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ
He too it. Then he said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Lord-azwj of the worlds. This is from You-azwj Alone, there is no associate for You-azwj!’’
فَقَالَ ع مَكَانَكَ
He-asws said: ‘(Stay) in your place!’
فَخَلَعَ قَمِيصاً كَانَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ الْبَسْ هَذَا
He-asws took off a shirt which was upon him-asws. He-asws said: ‘Wear this!’
فَلَبِسَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي كَسَانِي وَ سَتَرَنِي يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ جَزَاكَ اللَّهُ خَيْراً
He wore it, then said, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who has Clothed me and Covered me! O servant of Allah-azwj! May Allah-azwj Recompense you goodly’.
لَمْ يَدْعُ لَهُ ع إِلَّا بِذَا ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَذَهَبَ فَظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ لَوْ لَمْ يَدْعُ لَهُ لَمْ يَزَلْ يُعْطِيهِ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ كُلَّمَا حَمِدَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَعْطَاهُ.
He did not supplicate for him-asws except with that, then he left. He went and we thought that had ne not supplicated for him-asws, he would not have ceased to give him, because every time he had praise Allah-azwj the Exalted (only), he-asws had given him’’.[139]
وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ ثُمَّ رُدَّتْ فَلَا يَبِعْهَا وَ لَا يَأْكُلْهَا لِأَنَّهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا جُعِلَ لَهُ إِنَّمَا هِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْعَتَاقَةِ لَا يَصْلُحُ لَهُ رَدُّهَا بَعْدَ مَا يُعْتِقُ.
And he-asws said: ‘One who donates charity then he retracts, he should neither sell it nor consume it, because there is no associate for it regarding anything from what has been Made to be for him. But rather it is at the status of the freed slave. It is not correct for him to retract it after having liberated’’.[140]
وَ عَنْهُ ع فِي الرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ بِالصَّدَقَةِ لِيُعْطِيَهَا السَّائِلَ فَيَجِدُهُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ قَالَ فَلْيُعْطِهَا غَيْرَهُ وَ لَا يَرُدَّهَا فِي مَالِهِ.
And from him-asws regarding the man extracts the charity in order to give it to the beggar, but he finds him to have gone. He-asws said: ‘Let him give it to someone else and not return it into his wealth’’.[141]
قال ابن فهد رحمه الله الصدقة على خمسة أقسام.الأول صدقة المال و قد سلفت.الثاني صدقة الجاه و هي الشفاعة
Ibn Fahd, may Allah-azwj Mercy him, said, ‘The charity is based upon five categories. The first is charity of the wealth, and it is already spent. The second is charity of the influence, and it is the intercession.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَفْضَلُ الصَّدَقَةِ صَدَقَةُ اللِّسَانِ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ مَا صَدَقَةُ اللِّسَانِ قَالَ الشَّفَاعَةُ تَفُكُّ بِهَا الْأَسِيرَ وَ تَحْقُنُ بِهَا الدَّمَ وَ تَجُرُّ بِهَا الْمَعْرُوفَ إِلَى أَخِيكَ وَ تَدْفَعُ بِهَا الْكَرِيهَةَ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The best charity is charity of the tongue’. It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah‑saww, and what is charity of the tongue?’ He-saww said: ‘The intercession you free the captive with, and save the blood by it, and flow the act of kindness with it to your brother and repel the abhorrence by it’’.[142]
و قيل المواساة في الجاه و المال عوذة بقائهما.الثالث صدقة العقل و الرأي و هي المشورة
And it is said, ‘The consoling in the influence and the wealth is a refuge of their survival’. The third is charity of the intellect and the opinion, and it is the (giving of) consultation.
وَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: تَصَدَّقُوا عَلَى أَخِيكُمْ بِعِلْمٍ يُرْشِدُهُ وَ رَأْيٍ يُسَدِّدُهُ.
And from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘And from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Give charity to your brothers with knowledge guiding him, and opinion setting him right’’.[143]
الرابع صدقة اللسان و هي الوساطة بين الناس و السعي فيما يكون سببا لإطفاء النائرة و إصلاح ذات البين قال تعالى لا خَيْرَ فِي كَثِيرٍ مِنْ نَجْواهُمْ إِلَّا مَنْ أَمَرَ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَوْ مَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ إِصْلاحٍ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ
The fourth is charity of the tongue, and it is the mediation between the people and the striving in what would be a cause for extinguishing the conflicts and reconciling between two parties. Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: ‘There is no good in most of their secret counsels except of the one who either enjoins charity, or goodness, or reconciliation between people; [4:114].
الخامس صدقة العلم و هي بذله لأهله و نشره على مستحقه
The fifth is charity of the knowledge, and it is imparting it to its rightful ones, and disseminating it upon its deserving ones’.
وَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ أَنْ يَتَعَلَّمَ الرَّجُلُ الْعِلْمَ وَ يُعَلِّمَهُ النَّاسَ.
And from the Prophet-saww: ‘And from the charity is that the man learns the knowledge and teaches it to the people’’.[144]
وَ قَالَ ع زَكَاةُ الْعِلْمِ تَعْلِيمُهُ مَنْ لَا يَعْلَمُهُ.
And he-asws said: ‘Zakat of the knowledge is your teaching it to the one who does not know it’’.[145]
وَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ زَكَاةٌ وَ زَكَاةُ الْعِلْمِ أَنْ يُعَلِّمَهُ أَهْلَهُ.
And from Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘For all things there is Zakat, and Zakat of the knowledge one is your teaching it to its rightful ones’’.[146]
وَ بَاعَ عَلِيٌّ ع حَدِيقَتَهُ الَّتِي غَرَسَهَا لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ سَقَاهَا هُوَ بِيَدِهِ بِاثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَ رَاحَ إِلَى عِيَالِهِ وَ قَدْ تَصَدَّقَ بِأَجْمَعِهَا
And Ali-asws sold a garden which the Prophet-saww had planted for him-asws, and watered it with his-saww hands, for twelve thousand Dirhams, and he-asws went to his-asws family after he-asws had donated all of it in charity.
فَقَالَتْ لَهُ فَاطِمَةُ ع تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ لَنَا أَيَّاماً لَمْ نَذُقْ فِيهَا طَعَاماً وَ قَدْ بَلَغَ بِنَا الْجُوعُ وَ مَا أَظُنُّكَ إِلَّا كَأَحَدِنَا فَهَلَّا تَرَكْتَ لَنَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ قُوتاً
(Syeda) Fatima-asws said to him-asws: ‘You-asws know that there are days for us in which we-asws do not tatse any food, and the hunger had reached to us-asws, and I-asws think of you-asws except as one of us-asws. Will you-asws not leave for us-asws a daily mean for us-asws from that?’
فَقَالَ ع مَنَعَنِي مِنْ ذَلِكِ وُجُوهٌ أَشْفَقْتُ أَنْ أَرَى عَلَيْهَا ذُلَّ السُّؤَالِ.
He-asws said: ‘I-asws was prevented from that by faces I-asws felt pity on from seeing disgrace of the begging upon them’’.[147]
69 أَعْلَامُ الدِّينِ، قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع الْعِلَلُ زَكَاةُ الْبَدَنِ وَ الْمَعْرُوفُ زَكَاةُ النِّعَمِ.
(The book) ‘A’laam Al Deen’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen -asws said: ‘The illness is Zakat of the body, and the act of kindness is Zakat of the bounties”.[148]
70 الْهِدَايَةُ، الصَّدَقَةُ تَدْفَعُ الْبَلْوَى وَ تَزِيدُ فِي الرِّزْقِ وَ الْغِنَى وَ تَدْفَعُ مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ وَ صَدَقَةُ السِّرِّ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ وَ لَا تَحِلُّ الصَّدَقَةُ إِلَّا لِمُحْتَاجٍ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ دَفْعُهَا إِلَى النُّصَّابِ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘The charity repels the afflictions, and increases in the sustenance and the riches, and repels the evil death, and the secretive charity extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj, and the charity is not Permissible except to a needy nor is it allowed to hand it to the Nasibis (hostile ones)’’.[149]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع اقْرَأْ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَ احْتَجِمْ أَيَّ يَوْمٍ شِئْتَ وَ تَصَدَّقْ وَ اخْرُجْ أَيَّ يَوْمٍ شِئْتَ.
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Read Ayat Al Kursi (2:255) and get cupping done in whichever day you so desires to, and give charity and go out in whichever day you desire to’’.[150]
71 كِتَابُ الْإِمَامَةِ وَ التَّبْصِرَةِ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ الْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الصَّدَقَةُ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَ هِيَ عَلَى ذِي رَحِمٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَ صِلَةٌ.
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Imama Wa Al Tabsira’ – from Al-Hassan Bin Hamza Al Alawy, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from his father, from Haroun Bin Muslim, from Mas’ada Bin Sadaqa,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The charity upon a need one is charity, and upon the one with kinship it is charity and connection’’.[151]
وَ مِنْهُ، بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: الصَّدَقَةُ تَدْفَعُ الْبَلَاءَ وَ هِيَ أَنْجَحُ دَوَاءً وَ تَدْفَعُ الْقَضَاءَ وَ قَدْ أُبْرِمَ إِبْرَاماً وَ لَا يَذْهَبُ بِالْأَدْوَاءِ إِلَّا الدُّعَاءُ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ.
And from him-asws, by this chain, said: ‘The charity repels the afflictions, and it is a successful cure, and repels the Decree and even though it has been Determined for Accomplishment, and nothing removes the illnesses except the supplication and the charity’’.[152]
وَ مِنْهُ، بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: الصَّدَقَةُ فِي السِّرِّ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ الْخَبَرَ.
And from him by this chain, said: ‘The charity in the secrecy extinguishes Wrath of the Lord‑azwj’ – the Hadeeth’’.[153]
وَ مِنْهُ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْأَشْعَثِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْعِدَةُ عَطِيَّةٌ.
And from him, from Sahl Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Ash’as,
‘From Musa Bin Ismail son of Musa-asws Bin Ja’far-asws, from his father-asws, from his forefathers‑asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The waiting period is an award (charitable gift)’’.[154]
72 أَرْبَعِينُ الشَّهِيدِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى الصَّدُوقِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَزَّازِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص مَنْ جاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْها قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص اللَّهُمَّ زِدْنِي
(The book) ‘Al Arbaeen’ of Al Shaheed, may Allah-azwj Mercy him, by his chain to Al Sadouq, from Muhammad Bin Musa, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Usman Bin Isa, from Abu Ayoub Al Khazzaz who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘When this Verse was Revealed unto the Prophet-saww, One who comes with the good deed, for him would be better than it, [27:89], Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj, Increase for me-saww!’
فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ قَرْضاً حَسَناً فَيُضاعِفَهُ لَهُ أَضْعافاً كَثِيرَةً فَعَلِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّ الْكَثِيرَ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَا يُحْصَى وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ مُنْتَهًى.
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: Who is it that who will lend to Allah a goodly loan, so He will Multiply it for him manifold? [2:245]. Thus Rasool-Allah-saww came to know that the manifold increase is from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, uncountable, and there isn’t any end-point for it’’.[155]
باب 15 آخر في آداب الصدقة أيضا زائدا على ما تقدم في الباب السابق
CHAPTER 15 – ANOTHER REGARDING ETIQUETTES OF THE CHARITY AS WELL, ADDITIONAL TO WHAT HAS PRECEDED IN THE PREVIOUS CHAPTER
الآيات البقرة يَسْئَلُونَكَ ما ذا يُنْفِقُونَ قُلْ ما أَنْفَقْتُمْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَلِلْوالِدَيْنِ وَ الْأَقْرَبِينَ وَ الْيَتامى وَ الْمَساكِينِ وَ ابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَ ما تَفْعَلُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Baqarah: They are asking you what they should be spending. Say: ‘Whatever you spend from goodness, so it is for the parents, and the relatives, and the orphans, and the poor, and the wayfarer; and whatever you are doing from good, so Allah is a Knower of it’ [2:215].
و قال تعالى وَ يَسْئَلُونَكَ ما ذا يُنْفِقُونَ قُلِ الْعَفْوَ كَذلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمُ الْآياتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَفَكَّرُونَ
And the Exalted Said: And they are asking you what they should be spending. Say: ‘The surplus’. Like that, Allah Clarifies the Verses for you, perhaps you would be pondering [2:219].
و قال سبحانه الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوالَهُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ لا يُتْبِعُونَ ما أَنْفَقُوا مَنًّا وَ لا أَذىً لَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ وَ لا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ
And the Glorious Said: Those who are spending their wealth in the Way of Allah, then they are neither following up whatever they spent with reminders of generosity nor (causing) distress, for them, their Recompense would be with their Lord, and there would neither be fear upon them nor would they be grieving [2:262].
قَوْلٌ مَعْرُوفٌ وَ مَغْفِرَةٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ يَتْبَعُها أَذىً وَ اللَّهُ غَنِيٌّ حَلِيمٌ
Kind words and forgiveness is better than charity followed by (causing) distress; and Allah is Needless, Forbearing [2:263].
يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تُبْطِلُوا صَدَقاتِكُمْ بِالْمَنِّ وَ الْأَذى كَالَّذِي يُنْفِقُ مالَهُ رِئاءَ النَّاسِ وَ لا يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَمَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ صَفْوانٍ عَلَيْهِ تُرابٌ فَأَصابَهُ وابِلٌ فَتَرَكَهُ صَلْداً لا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلى شَيْءٍ مِمَّا كَسَبُوا وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكافِرِينَ
O you those who are believing! Do not invalidate your charities by reminders of generosity and (causing) distress, like him who spends his wealth to show off to the people and he does not believe in Allah and the Last Day. So his example is like an example of a smooth rock with soil upon it, and a torrent hits it and leaves it bare. They would not able upon anything from what they earned; and Allah does not Guide the Kafir people [2:264].
وَ مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوالَهُمُ ابْتِغاءَ مَرْضاتِ اللَّهِ وَ تَثْبِيتاً مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ كَمَثَلِ جَنَّةٍ بِرَبْوَةٍ أَصابَها وابِلٌ فَآتَتْ أُكُلَها ضِعْفَيْنِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُصِبْها وابِلٌ فَطَلٌّ وَ اللَّهُ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ
And an example of those who are spending their wealth, seeking the Pleasure of Allah and an affirmation from themselves is an example of a garden on a hill, a torrent hits it so it brings forth double its edibles, but if a torrent does not hit it, then a sprinkle (is sufficient); and Allah Sees what you are doing [2:265].
أَ يَوَدُّ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهُ جَنَّةٌ مِنْ نَخِيلٍ وَ أَعْنابٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهارُ لَهُ فِيها مِنْ كُلِّ الثَّمَراتِ وَ أَصابَهُ الْكِبَرُ وَ لَهُ ذُرِّيَّةٌ ضُعَفاءُ فَأَصابَها إِعْصارٌ فِيهِ نارٌ فَاحْتَرَقَتْ كَذلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمُ الْآياتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَفَكَّرُونَ
Would one of you like that there should happen to be a garden for him, of palm tree, and grape vines, the rivers flowing beneath it; for him in it to be every (kind of) fruit, and old age hits him, and for him are weak offspring. Then a tornado in which is fire, hits it, so it gets incinerated. Like that, Allah Clarifies the Signs for you, perhaps you would be pondering [2:266].
يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْفِقُوا مِنْ طَيِّباتِ ما كَسَبْتُمْ وَ مِمَّا أَخْرَجْنا لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَ لا تَيَمَّمُوا الْخَبِيثَ مِنْهُ تُنْفِقُونَ وَ لَسْتُمْ بِآخِذِيهِ إِلَّا أَنْ تُغْمِضُوا فِيهِ وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ حَمِيدٌ
O you those who are believing! Spend from the good of what you earn, and from what We Extracted for you from the ground, and do not be aiming the bad to be spending from it, and you wouldn’t be taking it unless you are closing your eyes during it; and know that Allah is Needless, Praiseworthy [2:267].
الشَّيْطانُ يَعِدُكُمُ الْفَقْرَ وَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالْفَحْشاءِ وَ اللَّهُ يَعِدُكُمْ مَغْفِرَةً مِنْهُ وَ فَضْلًا وَ اللَّهُ واسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ
The Satan promises you the poverty and instructs you with the immoralities, and Allah Promises you Forgiveness from Himself and Grace; and Allah is Capacious, Knowing [2:268].
و قال تعالى إِنْ تُبْدُوا الصَّدَقاتِ فَنِعِمَّا هِيَ وَ إِنْ تُخْفُوها وَ تُؤْتُوهَا الْفُقَراءَ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ وَ يُكَفِّرُ عَنْكُمْ مِنْ سَيِّئاتِكُمْ وَ اللَّهُ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ
And the Exalted Said: If you give alms openly, it is good, and if you hide it and give it to the poor, it would be better for you; and this will expiate from you of your evil deeds; and Allah is Aware of what you are doing [2:271].
لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ هُداهُمْ وَ لكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشاءُ وَ ما تُنْفِقُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَلِأَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ ما تُنْفِقُونَ إِلَّا ابْتِغاءَ وَجْهِ اللَّهِ وَ ما تُنْفِقُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ يُوَفَّ إِلَيْكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ لا تُظْلَمُونَ
It is not upon you to Guide them, but Allah Guides the one He so Desires to; and whatever you are spending from the good, so it is for yourselves, and you are not spending but to seek Allah’s Face; and whatever you are spending from the good would be Fulfilled to you, and you shall not be wronged [2:272].
لِلْفُقَراءِ الَّذِينَ أُحْصِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ ضَرْباً فِي الْأَرْضِ يَحْسَبُهُمُ الْجاهِلُ أَغْنِياءَ مِنَ التَّعَفُّفِ تَعْرِفُهُمْ بِسِيماهُمْ لا يَسْئَلُونَ النَّاسَ إِلْحافاً وَ ما تُنْفِقُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ
(Alms are) for the poor, those who are confined in the way of Allah, not being able upon travelling in the land (to earn); the ignorant one reckons them to be rich due to (their) chastity; you can recognise them by their marks; they are not asking importunately; and whatever you are spending from the good, so Allah Knows of it [2:273].
الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوالَهُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهارِ سِرًّا وَ عَلانِيَةً فَلَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ وَ لا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ
Those who are spending their wealth by the night and the day, secretly and openly, so for them, their Recompense is with their Lord, and they shall neither be fear upon them nor would they be grieving [2:274].
آل عمران لَنْ تَنالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ وَ ما تُنْفِقُوا مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ
(Surah) Aal-e-Imran-as: You will never attain to righteousness until you are spending from what you are loving; and whatever you are spending from anything, so Allah is more Knowing with it [3:92].
النساء الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوالَهُمْ رِئاءَ النَّاسِ وَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَ لا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَ مَنْ يَكُنِ الشَّيْطانُ لَهُ قَرِيناً فَساءَ قَرِيناً
(Surah) Al Nisaa: And those who are spending their wealth to show the people and they are not believing in Allah nor in the Last Day; and the one for whom the Satan was an associate, so he is an evil associate [4:38].
و قال إِنْ تُبْدُوا خَيْراً أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ أَوْ تَعْفُوا عَنْ سُوءٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كانَ عَفُوًّا قَدِيراً
And Said: If you do good openly or conceal it, or pardon an evil, so Allah would always be Pardoning, Powerful [4:149].
التوبة قُلْ أَنْفِقُوا طَوْعاً أَوْ كَرْهاً لَنْ يُتَقَبَّلَ مِنْكُمْ إِنَّكُمْ كُنْتُمْ قَوْماً فاسِقِينَ
(Surah) Al Tawbah: Say: ‘Spend willingly or unwillingly, it will never be Accepted from you. You were a mischief making people’ [9:53].
وَ ما مَنَعَهُمْ أَنْ تُقْبَلَ مِنْهُمْ نَفَقاتُهُمْ إِلَّا أَنَّهُمْ كَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ وَ بِرَسُولِهِ وَ لا يَأْتُونَ الصَّلاةَ إِلَّا وَ هُمْ كُسالى وَ لا يُنْفِقُونَ إِلَّا وَ هُمْ كارِهُونَ
And nothing prevents from their spending being Accepted from them except they are committing Kufr with Allah and His Rasool, nor are they performing the Salat except and they are sluggish, nor are they spending except and they are unwilling [9:54].
المدثر وَ لا تَمْنُنْ تَسْتَكْثِرُ
And do not confer favours hoping to be reciprocated with abundance [74:6].
الدهر وَ يُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعامَ عَلى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِيناً وَ يَتِيماً وَ أَسِيراً
And they fed the food to a poor, and an orphan and a captive out of love (for Allah), [76:8].
إِنَّما نُطْعِمُكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ لا نُرِيدُ مِنْكُمْ جَزاءً وَ لا شُكُوراً.
(They said): ‘But rather, we are feeding you for the Face of Allah, neither wanting any recompense from you nor any appreciation’ [76:9].
1- ل، الخصال الْأَرْبَعُمِائَةِ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِذَا نَاوَلْتُمُ السَّائِلَ الشَّيْءَ فَاسْأَلُوهُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ لَكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ يُجَابُ فِيكُمْ وَ لَا يُجَابُ فِي نَفْسِهِ لِأَنَّهُمْ يَكْذِبُونَ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – The Four Hundred (Ahadeeth),
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Whenever you give something to the beggar, ask him to supplicate for you for it would be Answered regarding you and may not be Answered regarding himself, because they are lying.
وَ لْيَرُدَّ الَّذِي يُنَاوِلُهُ يَدَهُ إِلَى فِيهِ فَيُقَبِّلَهَا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَأْخُذُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقَعَ فِي يَدِ السَّائِلِ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ أَ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبادِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقاتِ.
And the one who give, let him return his hand to his mouth and kiss it, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Takes it before it falls into a hand of the beggar, just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: Do they not know that Allah Accepts the repentance from His servants, and He Takes the charities, [9:104]’’.[156]
2- لي، الأمالي للصدوق ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى كَرِهَ لِي سِتَّ خِصَالٍ وَ كَرِهْتُهُنَّ لِلْأَوْصِيَاءِ مِنْ وُلْدِي وَ أَتْبَاعِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي الْعَبَثَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَ الرَّفَثَ فِي الصَّوْمِ وَ الْمَنَّ بَعْدَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَ إِتْيَانَ الْمَسَاجِدِ جُنُباً وَ التَّطَلُّعَ فِي الدُّورِ وَ الضَّحِكَ بَيْنَ الْقُبُورِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from Al-Husayn Bin Musa, from Giyas Bin Ibrahim,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Dislikes three characteristics for me-saww, and I-saww dislike these for the successors-asws from my-saww sons-asws, and (for) their-asws followers from after me-saww – the vanities during the Salat, and the obscenities during the fasting, and the reproach after the charity, and coming to the Masjids being with sexual impurity, and the peeping into the houses, and the laughing between the graves’’.[157]
3- ل، الخصال لي، الأمالي للصدوق فِي بَعْضِ أَخْبَارِ الْمَنَاهِي عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَرِهَ الْمَنَّ بَعْدَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَ نَهَى عَنْهُ.
(The books) ‘Al Khisaal’, (and) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq –
‘In one of the Ahadeeth of the prohibitions from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Allah-azwj Dislikes the reproach after the charity and has Prohibited from it’’.[158]
4 لي، الأمالي للصدوق فِي خَبَرِ الْمَنَاهِي قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنِ اصْطَنَعَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ مَعْرُوفاً فَامْتَنَّ بِهِ أَحْبَطَ اللَّهُ عَمَلَهُ وَ ثَبَّتَ وِزْرَهُ وَ لَمْ يَشْكُرْ لَهُ سَعْيَهُ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq –
‘In a Hadeeth of the prohibitions, he said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who does an act of kindness to his brother, but he reproaches with it, Allah-azwj would Nullify his deeds and affirm his burden and will not Appreciate him for his striving’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ ص يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَرَّمْتُ الْجَنَّةَ عَلَى الْمَنَّانِ وَ الْبَخِيلِ وَ الْقَتَّاتِ وَ هُوَ النَّمَّامُ.
Then he-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: “I-azwj have Forbidden the Paradise to the reproacher upon conferment, and the miserly, and ‘Al-Qattat’, and he is the gossiper!”’[159]
5- ب، قرب الإسناد هَارُونُ عَنِ ابْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ الْعَاقُّ لِوَالِدَيْهِ وَ الْمُدْمِنُ الْخَمْرِ وَ الْمَنَّانُ بِالْفَعَالِ لِلْخَيْرِ إِذَا عَمِلَهُ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Haroun, from Ibn Ziyad,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘He will not enter the Paradise – the disowned of his parents, and the habitual of the wine, and the reproacher of the action of goodness when he does it’’.[160]
6- ل، الخصال الْخَلِيلُ عَنِ ابْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُسْهِرٍ عَنْ خَرَشَةَ بْنِ الْحُرِّ عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْمَنَّانُ الَّذِي لَا يُعْطِي شَيْئاً إِلَّا بِمَنِّهِ وَ الْمُسْبِلُ إِزَارَهُ وَ الْمُنَفِّقُ سِلْعَتَهُ بِالْحَلْفِ الْفَاجِرِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Al Khaleel, from Ibn Khuzeyman, from Abu Musa, from Abdul Rahman, from Sufyan, from Al Amsh, from Suleyman Bin Mus’hir, from Kharasha Bin Al Hurr,
‘From Abu Zarr-ra, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Three, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will not Speak to them – the reproached who does not give anything except this reproaching of his conferment, and the dragger of his trouser (loin cloth), and the sellers of his merchandise with the immoral swears (false oaths)’’.[161]
7- ب، قرب الإسناد ابْنُ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَانَ يَقُولُ مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ فَرُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ فَلَا يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَكْلُهَا وَ لَا يَجُوزُ لَهُ إِلَّا إِنْفَاذُهَا إِنَّمَا مَنْزِلَتُهَا بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْعِتْقِ لِلَّهِ فَلَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ عَبْداً لِلَّهِ فَرُدَّ ذَلِكَ الْعَبْدُ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ فِي الْأَمْرِ الَّذِي جَعَلَهُ لِلَّهِ فَكَذَلِكَ لَا يَرْجِعُ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Ibn Tareyf, from Ibn Ulwan,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Ali-asws had said: ‘One who donates charity, but he retracts, it is not allowed for him to consume it and it is not allowed for him except that he should expend it. But rather, its status is status of slave freed for Allah-azwj. If a man were to free a slave for Allah-azwj, but that slave is returned to him, he would not retract regarding the matter which he had Made for Allah-azwj. Like that, he cannot retract regarding the charity’’.[162]
8- فس، تفسير القمي الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوالَهُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ لا يُتْبِعُونَ ما أَنْفَقُوا مَنًّا وَ لا أَذىً الْآيَةَ فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أَسْدَى إِلَى مُؤْمِنٍ مَعْرُوفاً ثُمَّ آذَاهُ بِالْكَلَامِ أَوْ مَنَّ عَلَيْهِ فَقَدْ أَبْطَلَ اللَّهُ صَدَقَتَهُ
Tafseer Al Qummi –
Those who are spending their wealth in the Way of Allah, then they are neither following up whatever they spent with reminders of generosity nor (causing) distress [2:262] – the Verse, for Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who does a good deed to a Momin then hurts him with the talk, or reproaches upon him, Allah-azwj would Nullify his charity upon him’.
ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ مَثَلًا فَقَالَ كَالَّذِي يُنْفِقُ مالَهُ رِئاءَ النَّاسِ وَ لا يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَمَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ صَفْوانٍ عَلَيْهِ تُرابٌ فَأَصابَهُ وابِلٌ فَتَرَكَهُ صَلْداً لا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلى شَيْءٍ مِمَّا كَسَبُوا وَ اللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكافِرِينَ
Then He-azwj Struck an example, so He-azwj Said: like him who spends his wealth to show off to the people and he does not believe in Allah and the Last Day. So, his example is like an example of a smooth rock with soil upon it, and a torrent hits it and leaves it bare. They would not able upon anything from what they earned; and Allah does not Guide the Kafir people [2:264].
وَ قَالَ مَنْ كَثُرَ امْتِنَانُهُ وَ أَذَاهُ لِمَنْ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْهِ بَطَلَتْ صَدَقَتُهُ كَمَا يَبْطُلُ التُّرَابُ الَّذِي يَكُونُ عَلَى الصَّفْوَانِ وَ الصَّفْوَانُ الصَّخْرَةُ الْكَبِيرَةُ الَّتِي تَكُونُ فِي الْمَفَازَةِ فَيَجِيءُ الْمَطَرُ فَيَغْسِلُ التُّرَابَ مِنْهَا وَ يَذْهَبُ بِهِ فَضَرَبَ اللَّهُ هَذَا الْمَثَلَ لِمَنِ اصْطَنَعَ مَعْرُوفاً ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَهُ بِالْمَنِّ وَ الْأَذَى.
And he-asws said: ‘One who frequents his reproach and his hurting the one he donates charity upon, his charity is nullified just as is nullified the soil which happens to be upon the rocks (Al-Safwan), and ‘Al-Safwan’ is the large rock in the wilderness. The rain comes washes off the soil from it and goes away with it. So, Allah-azwj Struck this example for the one who does an act of kindness, then follows it with the reproach (reminder of generosity) and the hurt’’.[163]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع مَا شَيْءٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ رَجُلٍ سَبَقَتْ مِنِّي إِلَيْهِ يَدٌ أُتْبِعُهَا أُخْتَهَا وَ أَحْسَنْتُ رَبَّهَا لِأَنِّي رَأَيْتُ مَنْعَ الْأَوَاخِرِ يَقْطَعُ لِسَانَ شُكْرِ الْأَوَائِلِ.
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘There is nothing more beloved to me than a man a hand (favour) from me-asws has preceded to him, so I-asws can follow it with its sister (another favour) and be excellent with it to him, because I-asws view that the latter one would cut off the tongue of appreciation of the former’’.[164]
ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ مَثَلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللَّهِ وَ تَثْبِيتاً مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ عَنِ الْمَنِّ وَ الْأَذَى
Then He-azwj Struck an example of the Momineen, those who are spending their wealth seeking Satisfaction of Allah-azwj and affirmation from themselves away from the reproach (reminder of generosity) and the hurting.
قَالَ وَ مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوالَهُمُ ابْتِغاءَ مَرْضاتِ اللَّهِ وَ تَثْبِيتاً مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ كَمَثَلِ جَنَّةٍ بِرَبْوَةٍ أَصابَها وابِلٌ فَآتَتْ أُكُلَها ضِعْفَيْنِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُصِبْها وابِلٌ فَطَلٌّ وَ اللَّهُ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ
He-azwj Said: And an example of those who are spending their wealth, seeking the Pleasure of Allah and an affirmation from themselves is an example of a garden on a hill, a torrent hits it so it brings forth double its edibles, but if a torrent does not hit it, then a sprinkle (is sufficient); and Allah Sees what you are doing [2:265].
قَالَ مَثَلُهُمْ كَمَثَلِ جَنَّةٍ بِرَبْوَةٍ أَيْ بُسْتَانٍ فِي مَوْضِعٍ مُرْتَفِعٍ أَصابَها وابِلٌ أَيْ مَطَرٌ فَآتَتْ أُكُلَها ضِعْفَيْنِ وَ يَتَضَاعَفُ ثَمَرُهَا كَمَا يَتَضَاعَفُ أَجْرُ مَنْ أَنْفَقَ مَالَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللَّهِ وَ الطَّلُّ مَا يَقَعُ بِاللَّيْلِ عَلَى الشَّجَرِ وَ النَّبَاتِ.
He-asws said: ‘Their example is an example of a garden on a hill, i.e., and orchard in a high place, a torrent hits it, i.e. rain, so it brings forth double its edibles, and its fruits manifold just as the Recompense would be manifold of the one spending his wealth seeking Satisfaction of Allah-azwj, and the then a sprinkle (is sufficient), is what occurs at night upon the tree and the vegetation (dew)’’.[165]
وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ اللَّهُ يُضَاعِفُ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ لِمَنْ أَنْفَقَ مَالَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللَّهِ
And Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘And Allah-azwj Multiplies for the one He-azwj so Desires, for the one who spends his wealth seeking Satisfaction of Allah-azwj’.
قَالَ فَمَنْ أَنْفَقَ مَالَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ امْتَنَّ عَلَى مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْهِ كَانَ كَمَنْ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَ يَوَدُّ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهُ جَنَّةٌ مِنْ نَخِيلٍ وَ أَعْنابٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهارُ لَهُ فِيها مِنْ كُلِّ الثَّمَراتِ وَ أَصابَهُ الْكِبَرُ وَ لَهُ ذُرِّيَّةٌ ضُعَفاءُ فَأَصابَها إِعْصارٌ فِيهِ نارٌ فَاحْتَرَقَتْ
He-asws said: ‘The one who spends his wealth seeking Satisfaction of Allah-azwj, then reminds of the conferment upon the one he gave charity to, would be like the one Allah-azwj Said: Would one of you like that there should happen to be a garden for him, of palm tree, and grape vines, the rivers flowing beneath it; for him in it to be every (kind of) fruit, and old age hits him, and for him are weak offspring. Then a tornado in which is fire, hits it, so it gets incinerated. [2:266].
قَالَ الْإِعْصَارُ الرِّيَاحُ فَمَنِ امْتَنَّ عَلَى مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْهِ كَانَتْ كَمَنْ كَانَ لَهُ جَنَّةٌ كَثِيرُ الثِّمَارِ وَ هُوَ شَيْخٌ ضَعِيفٌ لَهُ أَوْلَادٌ ضُعَفَاءُ فَيَجِيءُ رِيحٌ وَ نَارٌ فَتُحْرِقُ مَالَهُ كُلَّهُ.
He-asws said: ‘The tornado (Al-I’sar) is the wind. The one who reminds of generosity upon the one he gives charity to would be like the one having for him a garden with a lot of fruits, and he is an aged weak old man having weak children for him. So, a wind and fire come and burns down his wealth, all of it’’.[166]
9- فس، تفسير القمي يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْفِقُوا مِنْ طَيِّباتِ ما كَسَبْتُمْ وَ مِمَّا أَخْرَجْنا لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَ لا تَيَمَّمُوا الْخَبِيثَ مِنْهُ تُنْفِقُونَ وَ لَسْتُمْ بِآخِذِيهِ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ سَبَبُ نُزُولِهَا أَنَّ قَوْماً كَانُوا إِذَا صَرَمُوا النَّخْلَ عَمَدُوا إِلَى أَرْذَلِ تُمُورِهِمْ فَيَتَصَدَّقُونَ بِهَا
Tafseer Al Qummi –
O you those who are believing! Spend from the good of what you earn, and from what We Extracted for you from the ground, and do not be aiming the bad to be spending from it, and you wouldn’t be taking it [2:267]. The cause of its Revelation was that there was a group of people, when they harvested the date trees they deliberated to the worst of their dates and gave in charity with it.
فَنَهَاهُمُ اللَّهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ وَ لا تَيَمَّمُوا الْخَبِيثَ مِنْهُ تُنْفِقُونَ وَ لَسْتُمْ بِآخِذِيهِ أَيْ أَنْتُمْ لَوْ دُفِعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْكُمْ لَمْ تَأْخُذُوهُ.
Allah-azwj Prohibited them from it, so He-azwj Said: and do not be aiming the bad to be spending from it, and you wouldn’t be taking it [2:267] – I.e. you, were it to be given to you, you would not be taking it’’.[167]
10- ج، الإحتجاج كَتَبَ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ إِلَى الْقَائِمِ ع يَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَنْوِي إِخْرَاجَ شَيْءٍ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَ أَنْ يَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ إِخْوَانِهِ ثُمَّ يَجِدُ فِي أَقْرِبَائِهِ مُحْتَاجاً أَ يَصْرِفُ ذَلِكَ عَمَّنْ نَوَاهُ لَهُ فِي قَرَابَتِهِ
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ –
‘Al-Himeyri wrote to Al-Qaim-ajfj asking him-ajfj about the man who intends to extract something from his wealth and to gives it to a man from his brethren. Then he finds a needy one among his close relatives. ‘Should he turn that away from the one he had intended it for to be in his close relative?’
فَأَجَابَهُ ع يَصْرِفُهُ إِلَى أَدْنَاهُمَا وَ أَقْرَبِهِمَا مِنْ مَذْهَبِهِ فَإِنْ ذَهَبَ إِلَى قَوْلِ الْعَالِمِ ع لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ الصَّدَقَةَ وَ ذُو رَحِمٍ مُحْتَاجٌ فَلْيَقْسِمْ بَيْنَ الْقَرَابَةِ وَ بَيْنَ الَّذِي نَوَى حَتَّى يَكُونَ قَدْ أَخَذَ بِالْفَضْلِ كُلِّهِ.
He-ajfj answered him: ‘He should turn it to lower of the two and their closest from his doctrine, for it goes to word of the Scholar-asws: ‘Allah-azwj does not Accept the charity while kindred are needy. Therefore, let him divide between the close relatives and the one who he had intended for until he happens to have taken with the best, all of it’’.[168]
11- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي فِيمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عِنْدَ وَفَاتِهِ لَا تَأْكُلَنَّ طَعَاماً حَتَّى تَصَدَّقَ مِنْهُ قَبْلَ أَكْلِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi –
‘Amon what Amir Al-Momineen-asws had bequeathed with at his-asws expiry: ‘Do not eat food until you give in charity from it before eating it’’.[169]
12- ل، الخصال ابْنُ بُنْدَارَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ زُرَيْعٍ عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعَةٌ لَا يَنْظُرُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَاقٌّ وَ مَنَّانٌ وَ مُكَذِّبٌ بِالْقَدَرِ وَ مُدْمِنُ خَمْرٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Bundar, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Nuh, from Muhammad Bin Amro, from Yazeed Bin Zurie, from Bishr Bin Numeyr, from Al Qasim Bin Abdul Rahman, from Abu Umama who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Four, Allah-azwj will not be Looking at (Considering) them on the Day of Qiyamah – a disowned by the parents, and a reminder of his conferment, and a belied of the Pre-determination, and a habitual of wine’’.[170]
13- فس، تفسير القمي وَ لا تَمْنُنْ تَسْتَكْثِرُ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ لَا تُعْطِي الْعَطِيَّةَ تَلْتَمِسُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْهَا.
Tafseer Al Qummi –
And do not confer favours hoping to be reciprocated with abundance [74:6]. In a report of Abu Al-Jaroud, from Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Do not give the gift seeking more than it’’.[171]
14- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مُثَنًّى الْحَنَّاطِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ مُسْتَضْعَفٍ فَدَعَا لَهُ الْمِسْكِينُ بِشَيْءٍ تِلْكَ السَّاعَةَ إِلَّا اسْتُجِيبَ لَهُ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Fazzal, from Musanna Al Hannat, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Ali Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘There is none from a man giving charity to a needy weak one, so the needy one supplicates for him with something at that moment, except it would be Answered for him’’.[172]
15- ثو، ثواب الأعمال عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: تَحْرُمُ الْجَنَّةُ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةٍ عَلَى الْمَنَّانِ وَ عَلَى الْقَتَّاتِ وَ عَلَى مُدْمِنِ الْخَمْرِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – From Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Al Barqy, from Usman Bin Isa, from Amro Bin Khalid,
‘From Zayd son of Ali (Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his forefather-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘The Paradise is forbidden unto three – upon the reminder of conferment, and upon the gossiper, and upon the one habitual of wine’’.[173]
16- سن، المحاسن عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ ثُمَّ رُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ فَلْيُعِدْهَا وَ لَا يَأْكُلْهَا لِأَنَّهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لِلَّهِ فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا يُجْعَلُ لَهُ إِنَّمَا هِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْعَتَاقِ لَا يَصْلُحُ رَدُّهَا بَعْدَ مَا يُعْتِقُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – Abdullah Bin Al Mugheira and Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Yalha Bin Zayd,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who give charity then it is returned to him, let him repeat it and not consume it, because there is no associate for Allah-azwj in anything from what is made to be for Him-azwj. But rather, it is at the status of the liberated slave, and it is not correct to return it after what has been liberated’’.[174]
17- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع إِعْصارٌ فِيهِ نارٌ قَالَ رِيحٌ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws: ‘a tornado in which is fire [2:266]. He-asws said: ‘Wind’’.[175]
18- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْفِقُوا مِنْ طَيِّباتِ ما كَسَبْتُمْ وَ مِمَّا أَخْرَجْنا لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَ لا تَيَمَّمُوا الْخَبِيثَ مِنْهُ تُنْفِقُونَ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj: O you those who are believing! Spend from the good of what you earn, and from what We Extracted for you from the ground, and do not be aiming the bad to be spending from it [2:267].
قَالَ كُنَّا فِي أُنَاسٍ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَتَصَدَّقُونَ بِأَشَرِّ مَا عِنْدَهُمْ مِنَ التَّمْرِ الرَّقِيقِ الْقِشْرِ الْكَبِيرِ النَّوَى يُقَالُ لَهُ الْمِعَىفَأْرَةٍ فَفِي ذَلِكَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَ لا تَيَمَّمُوا الْخَبِيثَ مِنْهُ تُنْفِقُونَ.
He-asws said: ‘There were some people in the era of Rasool-Allah-saww giving charity with the worst of the dates what were in their possession, the thin of the flesh and large of the seed, called ‘Al Mi’ah’, Regarding that, Allah-azwj Revealed: and do not be aiming the bad to be spending from it [2:267]’’.[176]
19- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مَا تُحِبُّونَ هَكَذَا أَقْرَأُهَا.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Yunus Bin Zabyan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘You will never attain to righteousness until you are spending what you are loving [3:92] – Read it like that’’.[177]
20- جا، المجالس للمفيد الْحَسَنُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعَةٌ مِنْ كُنُوزِ الْبِرِّ كِتْمَانُ الْحَاجَةِ وَ كِتْمَانُ الصَّدَقَةِ وَ كِتْمَانُ الْمَرَضِ وَ كِتْمَانُ الْمُصِيبَةِ.
(The book) ‘Al Majaalis’ of Al Mufeed – Al-Hassan Bin Hamza Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali, from Abdullah Bin Ibrahim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Four (matters) are from the treasures of righteous acts – concealing the need, and concealing the charity, and concealing the illness, and concealing the difficulty’’.[178]
21- مكا، مكارم الأخلاق قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي لَأَجِدُ آيَتَيْنِ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ أَطْلُبُهُمَا فَلَا أَجِدُهُمَا
(The book) ‘Makarim Al Akhlaq’ –
‘A man from companions of Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘I find two Verses in the Book of Allah-azwj. I seek these two but I cannot find them (as true)’.
قَالَ فَقَالَ ع وَ مَا هُمَا
He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘What are the two?’
قُلْتُ ادْعُونِي أَسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْ فَنَدْعُوهُ فَلَا نَرَى إِجَابَةً
I said, ‘Supplicate to Me, I will Answer you [40:60]. We supplicate to Him-azwj but we do not see an Answer!’
قَالَ أَ فَتَرَى اللَّهَ أَخْلَفَ وَعْدَهُ
He-asws said: ‘Are you viewing that Allah-azwj has Broken His-azwj Promise?’
قُلْتُ لَا
I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ فَمَهْ
He-asws said: ‘Then why (is that so)?’
قُلْتُ لَا أَدْرِي
I said, ‘I don’t know’.
قَالَ لَكِنِّي أُخْبِرُكَ مَنْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ فِيمَا أَمَرَ بِهِ ثُمَّ دَعَاهُ مِنْ جِهَةِ الدُّعَاءِ أَجَابَهُ
He-asws said: ‘But I-asws will inform you. One who obeys Allah-azwj regarding what He-azwj has Commanded him with, then he supplicates to Him-azwj from an aspect of the supplication, He‑azwj will Answer him’.
I said, ‘And what is an aspect of the supplication?’
قُلْتُ وَ مَا جِهَةُ الدُّعَاءِ قَالَ تَبْدَأُ فَتَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ وَ تُمَجِّدُهُ وَ تَذْكُرُ نِعَمَهُ عَلَيْكَ فَتَشْكُرُهُ ثُمَّ تُصَلِّي عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَ آلِهِ ثُمَّ تَذْكُرُ ذُنُوبَكَ فَتُقِرُّ بِهَا ثُمَّ تَسْتَغْفِرُ مِنْهَا فَهَذِهِ جِهَةُ الدُّعَاءِ
He-asws said: ‘You should begin by praising Allah-azwj and Glorify Him-azwj and mention the bounties of Allah-azwj upon you, so you thank for it. Then send Salawaat upon the Prophet-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws. Then you should mention your sins and acknowledge these, then seek Forgiveness from these. So this is an aspect of the supplication’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ مَا الْآيَةُ الْأُخْرَى
Then he-asws said: ‘And what is the other Verse?’
قُلْتُ قَوْلُهُ وَ ما أَنْفَقْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ يُخْلِفُهُ وَ أَرَانِي أُنْفِقُ وَ لَا أَرَى خَلَفاً
I said, ‘His-azwj Words: And whatever you spend from anything, He will Replace it, [34:39], and I see myself spending and I do not see any replacement!’
قَالَ ع أَ فَتَرَى اللَّهَ أَخْلَفَ وَعْدَهُ
He-asws said: ‘What is your view, has Allah-azwj Broken His-azwj Promise?’
قُلْتُ لَا
I said, ‘No’.
قَالَ فَمَهْ
He-asws said: ‘Then why (is that so)?’
قُلْتُ لَا أَدْرِي
I said, ‘I don’t know’.
قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمُ اكْتَسَبَ الْمَالَ مِنْ حِلِّهِ وَ أَنْفَقَ فِي حَقِّهِ لَمْ يُنْفِقْ دِرْهَماً إِلَّا أَخْلَفَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ.
He-asws said: ‘If one of you were to earn the wealth from its Permissible means and spends it in its rightful way, he will not spend a Dirham except Allah-azwj will Replace it upon him’’.[179]
22- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر ابْنُ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ الْوَصَّافِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: الْبِرُّ يَزِيدُ فِي الْعُمُرِ وَ صَدَقَةُ السِّرِّ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ of Ibn Abu Al Balaad, from Ubeydullah Bin Al Waleed Al Wassafy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The righteous act increases in the lifespan, and the secretive charity extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj’’.[180]
23- مِنْ كِتَابِ قَضَاءِ الْحُقُوقِ، لِلصُّورِيِّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ عِنْدَهُ الْمُعَلَّى بْنُ خُنَيْسٍ إِذْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ خُرَاسَانَ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص تَعْرِفُ مُوَالاتِي إِيَّاكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكُمْ شُقَّةٌ بَعِيدَةٌ وَ قَدْ قَلَّ ذَاتُ يَدِي وَ لَا أَقْدِرُ أَتَوَجَّهُ إِلَى أَهْلِي إِلَّا أَنْ تُعِينَنِي
From the book ‘Qaza Al Huqouq’ of Al Sadouq-asws, from Is’haq Bin Abu Ibrahim Bin Yaqoub who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws, and with him-asws was Al-Moalla Bin Khuneys, when there entered to see him-asws, a man from the people of Khurasan. He said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! You-asws do know of my Wilayah of you-asws all, People-asws of the Household, and between me and you-asws all is a large distance, and it has become scarce what is in my hands, and I am not able upon heading to my family except if you-asws were to assist me’.
قَالَ فَنَظَرَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَمِيناً وَ شِمَالًا وَ قَالَ أَ لَا تَسْمَعُونَ مَا يَقُولُ أَخُوكُمْ إِنَّمَا الْمَعْرُوفُ ابْتِدَاءٌ فَأَمَّا مَا أَعْطَيْتَ بَعْدَ مَا سَأَلَ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مُكَافَاةٌ لِمَا بَذَلَ لَكَ مِنْ مَاءِ وَجْهِهِ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Abu Abdullah-asws looked right and left, and said: ‘Are you listening to what your brother is saying? But rather, the act of kindness is initiated. As for what is given after it has been asked for, it is rather a reciprocation of what he has expended to you from water (honour) of his face’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ فَيَبِيتُ لَيْلَتَهُ مُتَأَرِّقاً مُتَمَلْمِلًا بَيْنَ الْيَأْسِ وَ الرَّجَاءِ لَا يَدْرِي أَيْنَ يَتَوَجَّهُ بِحَاجَتِهِ فَيَعْزِمُ عَلَى الْقَصْدِ إِلَيْكَ فَأَتَاكَ وَ قَلْبُهُ يَجِبُ وَ فَرَائِصُهُ تَرْتَعِدُ وَ قَدْ نَزَلَ دَمُهُ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَ بَعْدَ هَذَا فَلَا يَدْرِي أَ يَنْصَرِفُ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ بِكَآبَةِ الرَّدِّ أَمْ بِسُرُورِ النُّجْحِ
Then he-asws said: ‘So he would spend his night restlessly, torn between the despair and the hope, not knowing where to head with his need. Then he determines upon aiming to you, so he comes to you and his heart is pounding and his limbs are trembling, and his blood descends in his face, and after this, he does not know whenever he will be leaving from your presence with the gloom or rejection or with happiness of the success.
فَإِنْ أَعْطَيْتَهُ رَأَيْتَ أَنَّكَ قَدْ وَصَلْتَهُ وَ قَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ الَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَ بَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ وَ بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً لَمَا يَتَجَشَّمُ مِنْ مَسْأَلَتِهِ إِيَّاكَ أَعْظَمُ مِمَّا نَالَهُ مِنْ مَعْرُوفِكَ
If you were to give him, he will view that you have helped him, and Rasool-Allah-saww had said: ‘By the One Who Split the seed and Formed the person and Sent me-saww with the truth as a Prophet-saww! What bitterness he endures from having asked it from you is more grievous than what he attains from your act of kindness!’’
قَالَ فَجَمَعُوا لِلْخُرَاسَانِيِّ خَمْسَةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ دَفَعُوهَا إِلَيْهِ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘They collected five thousand Dirhams for the man from Khurasan and gave it to him’’.[181]
24- ختص، الإختصاص ابْنُ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَلَالِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ ابْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ أُمَّكَ وَ أَبَاكَ وَ أُخْتَكَ وَ أَخَاكَ ثُمَّ أَدْنَاكَ فَأَدْنَاكَ
(The book) ‘Al Ikhtisaas’ – Ibn Abu Najran, from Hisham Bin Salim, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Al Halal, from his grandfather who said,
‘I heard Al-Husayn-asws Bin Ali-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon them-asws both, saying: ‘I-asws heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Begin with the one you support – your mother, and your father, and your sister, and your brother, then your close ones, so your closest one’.
وَ قَالَ لَا صَدَقَةَ وَ ذُو رَحِمٍ مُحْتَاجٌ.
And he-saww said: ‘There is no charity while one with kinship is needy’’.[182]
25- مِصْبَاحُ الْأَنْوَارِ، رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: أَصْبَحَ عَلِيٌّ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَقَالَ يَا فَاطِمَةُ عِنْدَكِ شَيْءٌ تَغَدَّيْنَاهُ قَالَتْ لَا وَ الَّذِي أَكْرَمَ أَبِي بِالنُّبُوَّةِ وَ أَكْرَمَكَ بِالْوَصِيَّةِ مَا أَصْبَحَ الْغَدَاةُ عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ أُغَدِّيكَاهُ وَ مَا كَانَ عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ مُنْذُ يَوْمَيْنِ إِلَّا شَيْئاً كُنْتُ أُوثِرُكَ بِهِ عَلَى نَفْسِي وَ عَلَى ابْنَيَّ هَذَيْنِ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ ع
(The book) ‘Misbah Al Anwaar’ – It is reported from Saeed Al Khudri who said,
‘One morning Ali-asws said: ‘O Fatima-asws! Is there anything with you-asws we can be fed with?’
She-asws said: ‘No, by the One Who Honoured my-asws father-saww with the Prophet-hood and Honoured you-asws with the successorship! I-asws have not come to the morning with anything to feed you-asws with, and there has not been anything with me for two days except something I-asws had preferred you-asws with and (preferred) these two sons-asws of mine-asws, Al-Hassan‑asws and Al-Husayn-asws’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَا فَاطِمَةُ أَلَّا كُنْتِ أَعْلَمْتِينِي فَأَبْغِيَكُمْ شَيْئاً
Ali-asws said: ‘O Fatima-asws! Why didn’t you-asws let me-asws know so I-asws could have sought something for you-asws all?’
فَقَالَتْ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ إِنِّي لَأَسْتَحْيِي مِنْ إِلَهِي أَنْ تُكَلِّفَ نَفْسَكَ مَا لَا تَقْدِرُ
She-asws said: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! I-asws was too embarrassed from my-asws God-azwj to encumber your-asws soul with what you-azwj may not be able (to bear)!’
فَخَرَجَ ع مِنْ عِنْدِ فَاطِمَةَ وَاثِقاً بِاللَّهِ حَسَنَ الظَّنِّ بِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَاسْتَقْرَضَ دِينَاراً فَأَخَذَهُ لِيَشْتَرِيَ لِعِيَالِهِ مَا يُصْلِحُهُمْ
He-asws went out from the presence of (Syeda) Fatima-asws trusting with Allah-azwj, having goodly thoughts with Him-azwj, Mighty and Majestic. He-asws borrowed a Dinar and took it to buy for his-asws dependents what would be correct for them-asws.
فَعَرَضَ لَهُ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ الْكِنْدِيُّ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ كَانَ يَوْماً شَدِيدَ الْحَرِّ قَدْ لَوَّحَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ فَوْقِهِ وَ آذَتْهُ مِنْ تَحْتِهِ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنْكَرَ شَأْنَهُ فَقَالَ يَا مِقْدَادُ مَا أَزْعَجَكَ السَّاعَةَ مِنْ رَحْلِكَ
Al-Miqdad Bin Al-Aswad-ra, may the Satisfaction of Allah-azwj be upon him-ra, presented to him‑asws, and it was a day of severe heat, and the sun was scorching from above him-ra and hurting him-ra from beneath him-ra. When Amir Al-Momineen-asws, he-asws disliked his-ra state, so he-asws said: ‘O Miqdad-ra! What trouble you-ra at this time to come out?’
فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ خَلِّ سَبِيلِي وَ لَا تَسْأَلْنِي عَنْ حَالِي
He-ra said, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! Leave my-ra way and do not ask me-ra about my-ra situation!’
قَالَ يَا أَخِي لَا يَسَعُنِي أَنْ تُجَاوِزَنِي حَتَّى أَعْلَمَ عِلْمَكَ
He-asws said: ‘O my-asws brother-ra! There is no leeway for me-asws to pass by me-asws until I-asws know of what you-ra know’.
فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ رَغِبْتُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ إِلَيْكَ أَنْ تُخَلِّيَ سَبِيلِي وَ لَا تَكْشِفَنِي عَنْ حَالِي
He-asws said: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! I desire to Allah-azwj the Exalted and to you-asws to free my‑ra way and not uncover my-ra situation!’
فَقَالَ يَا أَخِي إِنَّهُ لَا يَسَعُكَ أَنْ تَكْتُمَنِي حَالَكَ
He-asws said: ‘O my-asws brother-ra! Surely, there is no leeway for you-ra to conceal from me-asws your-ra situation’.
فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ أما إِذْ أَبَيْتَ فَوَ الَّذِي أَكْرَمَ مُحَمَّداً بِالنُّبُوَّةِ وَ أَكْرَمَكَ بِالْوَصِيَّةِ مَا أَزْعَجَنِي مِنْ رَحْلِي إِلَّا الْجُهْدُ وَ قَدْ تَرَكْتُ عِيَالِي جِيَاعاً فَلَمَّا سَمِعْتُ بُكَاءَهُمْ لَمْ تَحْمِلْنِي الْأَرْضُ فَخَرَجْتُ مَهْمُوماً رَاكِباً رَأْسِي هَذِهِ حَالِي وَ قِصَّتِي
He-ra said, ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! As for when you-ra are refusing, by the One Who Honoured Muhammad-saww with the Prophet-hood and Honoured you-asws with the successorship! Nothing troubled me-ra from my coming out except the struggle, and I-ra have left my-ra dependants hungry. When I-ra heard their crying, the ground could not carry me (I fell down). So, I-ra came out worried, lowering my-asws head. This is my-ra situation and my-ra story’.
فَانْهَمَلَتْ عَيْنَا أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع بِالْبُكَاءِ حَتَّى بَلَّتْ دُمُوعُهُ كَرِيمَتَهُ وَ قَالَ أَحْلِفُ بِالَّذِي حَلَفَ بِهِ مَا أَزْعَجَنِي إِلَّا الَّذِي أَزْعَجَكَ وَ قَدْ اقْتَرَضْتُ دِينَاراً فَهَاكِهِ فَقَدْ آثَرْتُكَ عَلَى نَفْسِي
The eyes of Amir Al-Momineen-asws filled up with the weeping until his-asws tears moistened his-asws noble cheeks were moistened, and he-asws said: ‘I-asws swear by the One I-asws swear with! Nothing troubles me-asws except what has troubled you-ra, and I-asws have borrowed a Dinar, so take it, for I-asws have preferred you-ra over myself-asws!’
فَدَفَعَ الدِّينَارَ إِلَيْهِ وَ رَجَعَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ وَ الْعَصْرَ وَ الْمَغْرِبَ فَلَمَّا قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص صَلَاةَ الْمَغْرِبِ مَرَّ بِعَلِيٍّ وَ هُوَ فِي الصَّفِّ الْآخِرِ فَلَكَزَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ بِرِجْلِهِ فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ ع فَلَحِقَهُ فِي بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ
He-asws handed the Dinar to him-ra, and he-asws returned until he-asws entered the Masjid. He‑asws prayed Al-Zohr, and Al-Asr, and Al-Maghrib. When Rasool-Allah-saww has fulfilled his-saww Al-Maghrib Salat, he-saww passed by Ali-asws, and he-asws was in the last row. He-saww poked him-asws with his-saww leg, so Ali-asws stood up and joined him-saww at the door of the Masjid.
فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَالَ يَا بَا الْحَسَنِ هَلْ عِنْدَكَ شَيْءٌ تُعَشِّينَاهُ فَنَمِيلَ مَعَكَ
He-asws greeted unto him-saww. Rasool-Allah-saww responded the greeting and said: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! Is there anything with you-azwj to feed us-saww dinner with so we-saww can go with you-asws?’
فَمَكَثَ مُطْرِقاً لَا يُحِيرُ جَوَاباً حَيَاءً مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَدْ عَرَفَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ الدِّينَارِ وَ مِنْ أَيْنَ أَخَذَهُ وَ أَيْنَ وَجَّهَهُ بِوَحْيٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى إِلَى نَبِيِّهِ ص وَ أُمِرَ أَنْ يَتَعَشَّى عِنْدَ عَلِيٍّ ع تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ
He-asws lowered his-asws head for a while, nor giving an answer in embarrassment from Rasool-Allah-saww, and he-saww already knew of what had happened from the matter of the Dinar, and from where he-asws had taken it, and where he-asws had diverted it, by Revelation from Allah‑azwj the Exalted to His-azwj Prophet-saww, and that he-saww should have dinner with Ali-asws on that night.
فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَى سُكُوتِهِ قَالَ يَا بَا الْحَسَنِ مَا لَكَ لَا تَقُولُ لَا فَأَنْصَرِفَ أَوْ نَعَمْ فَأَمْضِيَ مَعَكَ
When he-saww looked at his-asws silence, he-saww said: ‘O Abu Al-Hassan-asws! What is the matter you-asws are not saying ‘no’ so I-saww can leave, or ‘yes’ so I-saww can continue with you-asws?’
فَقَالَ حَيَاءً وَ كَرَماً فَاذْهَبْ بِنَا
He-asws said: ‘Embarrassment and honour. Come with us-asws!’
فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِيَدِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى دَخَلَا عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ وَ هِيَ فِي مُصَلَّاهَا قَدْ قَضَتْ صَلَاتَهَا وَ خَلْفَهَا جَفْنَةٌ تَفُورُ دُخَاناً فَلَمَّا سَمِعَتْ كَلَامَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص خَرَجَتْ مِنْ مُصَلَّاهَا فَسَلَّمَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَ كَانَتْ أَعَزَّ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ
Rasool-Allah-saww held a hand of Ali-asws and they-asws went until they-asws entered to see Fatima‑asws, and she-asws was in her-asws prayer place having fulfilled her-asws Salat, and behind her there was pot bubbling steam. When she-asws heard the speech of Rasool-Allah-saww, she‑asws came out from her-asws praying place. She-asws greeted unto him-saww, and she-asws was dearest of the people to him-saww.
فَرَدَّ السَّلَامَ وَ مَسَحَ بِيَدِهِ عَلَى كَرِيمَتِهَا وَ قَالَ لَهَا يَا بِنْتَاهْ كَيْفَ أَمْسَيْتِ رَحِمَكِ اللَّهُ
He-saww returned the greeting and wiped his-saww hand upon her-asws cheeks and said to her‑asws: ‘O daughter-asws! How is your-asws evening? May Allah-azwj Mercy you-asws!’
قَالَتْ بِخَيْرٍ
She-asws said: ‘With goodness’.
قَالَ عَشِّينَا رَحِمَكِ اللَّهُ وَ قَدْ فَعَلَ
He-saww said: ‘Give us-asws dinner, may Allah-azwj Mercy you-asws, and He-azwj has already Done so!’
فَأَخَذَتِ الْجَفْنَةَ فَوَضَعَتْهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ عَلِيٍّ ع فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ عَلِيٌّ إِلَى الطَّعَامِ وَ شَمَّ رِيحَهُ رَمَى فَاطِمَةَ بِبَصَرِهِ رَمْياً شَحِيحاً
She-asws took the pot and placed it in front of Rasool-Allah-saww and Ali-asws. When Ali-asws looked at the food and smelt its aroma, he-asws shot a glance at Fatima-asws with a hesitant glance.
قَالَتْ لَهُ فَاطِمَةُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَا أَشَحَّ نَظَرَكَ وَ أَشَدَّهُ هَلْ أَذْنَبْتُ فِيمَا بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ ذَنْباً اسْتَوْجَبْتُ بِهِ السَّخَطَ مِنْكَ
(Syeda) Fatima-asws said to him-asws: ‘Glory be to Allah-azwj! How hesitant is your-asws glance and severe! Have I-asws committed an offence in what is between me-asws and you-asws, obligating the wrath from you-asws?’
فَقَالَ أَيُّ ذَنْبٍ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ ذَنْبٍ أَصَبْتِيهِ أَ لَيْسَ عَهْدِي بِكِ الْيَوْمَ الْمَاضِيَ وَ أَنْتِ تَحْلِفِينَ بِاللَّهِ مُجْتَهِدَةً مَا طَعِمْتِ طَعَاماً مُنْذُ يَوْمَيْنِ
He-asws said: ‘Which offence is mightier than what you-asws have committed? Wasn’t it my-asws oath with you-asws today and you-asws had sworn by Allah-azwj earnestly you-asws have not eaten food for two days?’
قَالَ فَنَظَرَتْ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ قَالَتْ إِلَهِي يَعْلَمُ فِي سَمَائِهِ وَ أَرْضِهِ أَنِّي لَمْ أَقُلْ إِلَّا حَقّاً
He (the narrator) said, ‘She-asws looked at the sky and said: ‘My-asws God-azwj Knows in His-azwj sky and His-azwj earth I-asws did not say except truth!’
فَقَالَ لَهَا يَا فَاطِمَةُ أَنَّى لَكِ هَذَا الطَّعَامُ الَّذِي لَمْ أَنْظُرْ إِلَى مِثْلِ لَوْنِهِ وَ لَمْ أَشَمَّ مِثْلَ رَائِحَتِهِ قَطُّ وَ لَمْ آكُلْ أَطْيَبَ مِنْهُ
He-asws said to her-asws: ‘From where is this food for you-asws which I-asws have not looked at the like of its colour, nor smelt like its aroma at all, and I-asws have not eaten any better than it?’
قَالَ فَوَضَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَفَّهُ الطَّيِّبَةَ الْمُبَارَكَةَ بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَغَمَزَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَلِيُّ هَذَا بَدَلُ دِينَارِكَ هَذَا جَزَاءُ دِينَارِكَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
He (the narrator) said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww placed his-saww goodly, Blessed palm between the shoulders of Amir Al-Momineen-asws. He-saww pressed it, then said: ‘O Ali-asws! This is a replacement of your-asws Dinar! This is Recompensed of your-asws Dinar from the Presence of Allah-azwj. Allah Graces one He so Desires to, without measure [24:38].
ثُمَّ اسْتَعْبَرَ بَاكِياً ص ثُمَّ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَبَى لَكُمَا أَنْ تَخْرُجَا مِنَ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يُجْرِيَكَ يَا عَلِيُّ مُجْرَى زَكَرِيَّا وَ يُجْرِيَ فَاطِمَةَ مُجْرَى مَرْيَمَ بِنْتِ عِمْرَانَ عِنْدَ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى كُلَّما دَخَلَ عَلَيْها زَكَرِيَّا الْمِحْرابَ وَجَدَ عِنْدَها رِزْقاً قالَ يا مَرْيَمُ أَنَّى لَكِ هذا قالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ.
Then he-saww wept tearfully, then said: ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj Who Refused for you-asws both to exit from the world until He-azwj Caused you-asws, O Ali-asws, to flow the flow of Zakariya-saww, and Fatima-asws to flow the flow of Maryam Bint Imran-as, by Words of the Exalted: For Allah to Recompense them excellently for what they are doing and Increase (for) them from His Grace, and Allah Graces one He so Desires to, without measure [24:38]’’.[183]
باب 16 ذم السؤال خصوصا بالكف و من المخالفين و ما يجوز فيه السؤال
CHAPTER 16 – CONDEMNATION OF BEGGING, ESPECIALLY WITH THE PALMS, AND FROM THE ADVERSATIES, AND WHAT IS ALLOWED IN THE BEGGING
1- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْحَيِيَّ الْمُتَعَفِّفَ وَ يُبْغِضُ الْبَذِيَّ السَّائِلَ الْمُلْحِفَ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – From Ibn Umeys who said,
‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Loves those who are modest and the chaste, and He-azwj Hates the impudent persistent beggar’’.[184]
2- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الرَّزَّازِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ ص عَلِّمْنِي عَمَلًا لَا يُحَالُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ الْجَنَّةِ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – a group, from Abu Al Mufazzal, from Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Razzaz, from his grandfather Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzeuyl,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘A man said to the Prophet-saww, ‘Teach me a deed, there will be no barrier between it and the Paradise’.
قَالَ لَا تَغْضَبْ وَ لَا تَسْأَلِ النَّاسَ شَيْئاً وَ ارْضَ لِلنَّاسِ مَا تَرْضَى لِنَفْسِكَ.
He-saww said: ‘Do not get angry and do not beg the people for anything, and be satisfied for the people what you are satisfied for yourself!’’[185]
3- ع، علل الشرائع الْهَمَذَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْبَدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: اتَّخَذَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلًا لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَرُدَّ أَحَداً وَ لَمْ يَسْأَلْ أَحَداً غَيْرَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Al Hamdany, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Ma’bad, from Ibn Khalid,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Took Ibrahim-as as a friend because he-as did not return anyone (empty-handed), and did not ask anything apart from Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’’.[186]
4- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ حَنَانٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ لَا تَسْأَلُوهُمْ فَتُكَلِّفُونَا قَضَاءَ حَوَائِجِهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Hanan who said,
‘I heard Abu Ja’far-asws saying: ‘Do not ask them (Nasibis), for they will seek reciprocation from us-asws to fulfil their needs on the Day of Qiyamah!’’[187]
5- ع، علل الشرائع بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع لَا تَسْأَلُوهُمُ الْحَوَائِجَ فَتَكُونُوا لَهُمُ الْوَسِيلَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْقِيَامَةِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – By this chain,
‘He-asws said: ‘Do not ask them (Nasibis) for the needs, for you would become a means for them to Rasool-Allah-saww during the Day of Qiyamah!’’[188]
6- مع، معاني الأخبار نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ص عَنْ قِيلٍ وَ قَالٍ وَ كَثْرَةِ السُّؤَالِ وَ إِضَاعَةِ الْمَالِ
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ –
‘The Prophet-saww prohibited from ‘It was said’, and ‘He said’, and frequency of asking, and wastage of the wealth.
أَمَّا كَثْرَةُ السُّؤَالِ فَإِنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ مَسْأَلَةِ النَّاسِ أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَ قَدْ يَكُونُ أَيْضاً مِنَ السُّؤَالِ عَنِ الْأُمُورِ وَ كَثْرَةِ الْبَحْثِ عَنْهَا كَمَا قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ لا تَسْئَلُوا عَنْ أَشْياءَ إِنْ تُبْدَ لَكُمْ تَسُؤْكُمْ.
As for frequency of the questioning, he-saww from asking the people for their wealth, and from the asking could also be about the matters, and being extensively inquisitive about these, just as the Mighty and Majestic Said: Do not ask about things, if it is declared to you it would offend you; [5:101]’’.[189]
7- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا كَانَ فِي شِيعَتِنَا فَلَا يَكُونُ فِيهِمْ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْيَاءَ لَا يَكُونَ فِيهِمْ مَنْ يَسْأَلُ بِكَفِّهِ وَ لَا يَكُونُ فِيهِمْ بَخِيلٌ وَ لَا يَكُونُ فِيهِمْ مَنْ يُؤْتَى فِي دُبُرِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Sa’ad Bin Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Al Numan, from Ibn Asbat, from one of our companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Whatever may be in our-asws Shias, there cannot be among them three things – there cannot be among the one who begs with his palms, nor can there be among them a miser, nor can there be among them one who is accessed from his backside’’.[190]
8- ل، الخصال فِي وَصِيَّةِ النَّبِيِّ ص إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِأَبِي ذَرٍّ يَا بَا ذَرٍّ إِيَّاكَ وَ السُّؤَالَ فَإِنَّهُ ذُلٌّ حَاضِرٌ وَ فَقْرٌ تَتَعَجَّلُهُ وَ فِيهِ حِسَابٌ طَوِيلٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَا بَا ذَرٍّ لَا تَسْأَلْ بِكَفِّكَ وَ إِنْ أَتَاكَ شَيْءٌ فَاقْبَلْهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ –
In a bequest of the Prophet-saww to Ali-asws, he-saww said to Abu Zarr-ra: ‘O Abu Zarr-ra! Beware of the asking for it is a present humiliation, and it hastens the poverty, and regarding it is a lengthy Reckoning on the Day of Qiyamah! O Abu Zarr-ra! Do not ask with your palms, and is something comes to you-ra, accept it’’.[191]
9- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَا ابْتَلَى اللَّهُ بِهِ شِيعَتَنَا فَلَنْ يَبْتَلِيَهُمْ بِأَرْبَعٍ بِأَنْ يَكُونُوا لِغَيْرِ رِشْدَةٍ أَوْ أَنْ يَسْأَلُوا بِأَكُفِّهِمْ أَوْ أَنْ يُؤْتَوْا فِي أَدْبَارِهِمْ أَوْ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِمْ أَخْضَرُ أَزْرَقُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from a number of his companions, from Ibn Asbaat, from one of his companions,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Whatever Allah-azwj may Try our-asws Shias with, He-azwj will never Try them with four – that they would be without rightful guidance, or they would beg with their palms, or they would be accessed in their backsides, or they would be among them a green (eyed) blue (eyed)’’.[192]
10- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرَّازِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَرْبَعُ خِصَالٍ لَا تَكُونُ فِي مُؤْمِنٍ لَا يَكُونُ مَجْنُوناً وَ لَا يَسْأَلُ عَلَى أَبْوَابِ النَّاسِ وَ لَا يُولَدُ مِنَ الزِّنَا وَ لَا يُنْكَحُ فِي دُبُرِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Al Ash’ary, from Abu Abdullah Al Razy, from Ibn Abu Usman, from his father, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Four characteristics cannot be in a Momin – he cannot be insane, nor does he ask at the doors or people, nor would he be born from the adultery, nor have sex in his backside’’.[193]
11- ل، الخصال الْخَلِيلُ عَنِ ابْنِ صَاعِدٍ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ نَصْرٍ عَنْ وَرْقَاءَ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُبْغِضُ الْفَاحِشَ الْبَذِيَّ السَّائِلَ الْمُلْحِفَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Al Khaleel, from Ibn Saaid, from Hamza Bin Al Abbas, from Yahya Bin Nasr, from Warqa’a Bin Umar, from Al Amsh, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hureyra (well-known fabricator) who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Hates the immoral, obscene beggar, the persistent’’.[194]
12- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنِ السَّيَّارِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْخَزَّازِ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَعْفَى شِيعَتَنَا مِنْ سِتٍّ مِنَ الْجُنُونِ وَ الْجُذَامِ وَ الْبَرَصِ وَ الْأُبْنَةِ وَ أَنْ يُولَدَ لَهُ مِنْ زِنًا وَ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ بِكَفِّهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Sahl Bin Al Sayyari, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Khazzaz, from the one who informed him,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Excused Satan-la from six (matters) – from the insanity, and the leprosy, and the vitiligo, and the disability. And for there to be a son for him-la adultery, and to beg the people with his-la palm’’.[195]
13- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ مَعاً عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: أَلَا إِنَّ شِيعَتَنَا قَدْ أَعَاذَهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ سِتٍ مِنْ أَنْ يَطْمَعُوا طَمَعَ الْغُرَابِ أَوْ يَهِرُّوا هَرِيرَ الْكَلْبِ أَوْ أَنْ يُنْكَحُوا فِي أَدْبَارِهِمْ أَوْ يُولَدُوا مِنَ الزِّنَا أَوْ يُولَدَ لَهُمْ مِنَ الزِّنَا أَوْ يَتَصَدَّقُوا عَلَى الْأَبْوَابِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – from Sa’ad, from Al Yaqteeny, from Zur’ah and Muhammad Bin Sinan, both together from Al Mufazzal,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Indeed! Our-asws Shias are such, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Protects them from six – from their coveting the coveting of the crow, or their barking like barking of the dog, or they have sex in their backside, or their being born from adultery, or a child born for them from the adultery, or their receiving the charity at the doors (of the people)’’.[196]
14- ل، الخصال الْأَرْبَعُمِائَةِ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع اتَّبِعُوا قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ فَتَحَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بَابَ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَابَ فَقْرٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – The Four hundred (Ahadeeth),
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Follow the word of Rasool-Allah-saww, for he-saww said: ‘One who opens upon himself a door of asking, Allah-azwj will Open upon him a door of poverty’’.[197]
15- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ عَوَّاضٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا تَصْلُحُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ إِلَّا فِي ثَلَاثٍ فِي دَمٍ مُقْطَعٍ أَوْ غُرْمٍ مُثْقِلٍ أَوْ حَاجَةٍ مُدْقِعَةٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Salim, from Abdul Hameed Bin Awwaz who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘The asking is not correct except regarding three – regarding (to pay off) blood wergild, or a heavy debt, or a desperate need’’.[198]
16- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ هَاشِمٍ وَ سَهْلٍ مَعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَرَّارٍ وَ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ مَعاً عَنْ يُونُسَ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ رَجُلًا مَرَّ بِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ وَ هُوَ قَاعِدٌ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ فَسَأَلَهُ فَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِخَمْسَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ أَرْشِدْنِي
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Hashim and Sahl, both together from Ibn Marrar, and Abdul Jabbar Bin Al Mubarak, both together from Yunus from the one who narrated it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A man passed by Usman Bin Affan, and he was seated at a door of the Masjid. He begged him, so he ordered five hundred Dirhams to be for him. The man said to him, ‘Guide me!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ عُثْمَانُ دُونَكَ الْفِتْيَةَ الَّذِينَ تَرَى وَ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى نَاحِيَةٍ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ فِيهَا الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ع
Usman said to him, ‘Over there is the youth, the one whom you see’ – and he gestured by his hand to a corner of the Masjid wherein were Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and Abdullah son of Ja’far-as.
فَمَضَى الرَّجُلُ نَحْوَهُمْ حَتَّى سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ سَأَلَهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحَسَنُ ع يَا هَذَا إِنَّ الْمَسْأَلَةَ لَا تَحِلُّ إِلَّا فِي إِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ دَمٍ مُفْجِعٍ أَوْ دَيْنٍ مُقْرِحٍ أَوْ فَقْرٍ مُدْقِعٍ فَفِي أَيِّهَا تَسْأَلُ
The man went towards them-asws until he greeted unto them-asws and asked them-asws. Al-Hassan-asws said to him: ‘O you! The asking is not Permissible except regarding three (matters) – (to pay off) sudden blood wergild, or overwhelming debt, or desperate poverty, so which of these are you asking for?’
فَقَالَ فِي وَجْهٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الثَّلَاثِ
He said, ‘Regarding an aspect from these three’.
فَأَمَرَ لَهُ الْحَسَنُ ع بِخَمْسِينَ دِينَاراً وَ أَمَرَ لَهُ الْحُسَيْنُ ع بِتِسْعَةٍ وَ أَرْبَعِينَ دِينَاراً وَ أَمَرَ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ بِثَمَانِيَةٍ وَ أَرْبَعِينَ دِينَاراً فَانْصَرَفَ الرَّجُلُ فَمَرَّ بِعُثْمَانَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا صَنَعْتَ
Al-Hassan-asws ordered for him three hundred Dinars, and Al-Husayn-asws ordered for him forty-nine Dinars, and Abdullah son of Ja’far-as for forty-eight Dinars. The man left and passed by Usman. He said to him, ‘What happened?’
فَقَالَ مَرَرْتُ بِكَ فَسَأَلْتُكَ فَأَمَرْتَ لِي بِمَا أَمَرْتَ وَ لَمْ تَسْأَلْنِي فِيمَا أَسْأَلُ وَ إِنَّ صَاحِبَ الْوَفْرَةِ لَمَّا سَأَلْتُهُ قَالَ لِي يَا هَذَا فِيمَا تَسْأَلُ فَإِنَّ الْمَسْأَلَةَ لَا تَحِلُّ إِلَّا فِي إِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ
He said, ‘I had passed by you. I asked you, so you ordered for me with what you had ordered for and did not ask me regarding what I was asking, and the owner of the plenty, when I asked him-asws, said to me: ‘O you! Regarding what are you asking, for the asking is not Permissible except regarding one of the three’.
فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِالْوَجْهِ الَّذِي أَسْأَلُهُ مِنَ الثَّلَاثَةِ فَأَعْطَانِي خَمْسِينَ دِينَاراً وَ أَعْطَانِي الثَّانِي تِسْعَةً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ دِينَاراً وَ أَعْطَانِي الثَّالِثُ ثَمَانِيَةً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ دِينَاراً
I informed him-asws of the aspect from the three I had asked him-asws for, so he-asws gave me five hundred Dinars, and the second one gave me forty-nine Dinars, and the third one gave me forty-eight Dinars’.
فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ وَ مَنْ لَكَ بِمِثْلِ هَؤُلَاءِ الْفِتْيَةِ أُولَئِكَ فَطَمُوا الْعِلْمَ فَطْماً وَ حَازُوا الْخَيْرَ وَ الْحِكْمَةَ.
Usman said, ‘And who (else) can be for you like these youths? They have been weaned on the knowledge with a weaning, and have attained the goodness and the wisdom’’.[199]
17- ل، الخصال فِيمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ص عَلِيّاً ع يَا عَلِيُّ ثَمَانِيَةٌ إِنْ أُهِينُوا فَلَا يَلُومُوا إِلَّا أَنْفُسَهُمْ الذَّاهِبُ إِلَى مَائِدَةٍ لَمْ يُدْعَ إِلَيْهَا وَ الْمُتَأَمِّرُ عَلَى رَبِّ الْبَيْتِ وَ طَالِبُ الْخَيْرِ مِنْ أَعْدَائِهِ وَ طَالِبُ الْفَضْلِ مِنَ اللِّئَامِ وَ الدَّاخِلُ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ فِي سِرٍّ لَمْ يُدْخِلَاهُ فِيهِ وَ الْمُسْتَخِفُّ بِالسُّلْطَانِ وَ الْجَالِسُ فِي مَجْلِسٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ بِأَهْلٍ وَ الْمُقْبِلُ بِالْحَدِيثِ عَلَى مَنْ لَا يَسْمَعُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ –
‘Among what the Prophet-saww bequeathed to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Eight (types of people), if they are insulted, they should not blame except their own selves – the goer to a meal he was not invited to, and the conspirer against owner of the house, and seeker of the good from his enemies, and seeker of the grace from the ignoble, the interferer between two regarding a secret they had not included him in, and the one taking lightly with the ruler, and the sitter in a seat he is not rightful for, and the one who narrates to someone who does not listen’’.[200]
18- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَصْرِيِّ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَعَلَ الْفَقْرَ أَمَانَةً عِنْدَ خَلْقِهِ فَمَنْ سَتَرَهُ كَانَ كَالصَّائِمِ الْقَائِمِ وَ مَنْ أَفْشَاهُ إِلَى مَنْ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى قَضَاءِ حَاجَتِهِ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْهُ فَقَدْ قَتَلَهُ أَمَا إِنَّهُ مَا قَتَلَهُ بِسَيْفٍ وَ لَا رُمْحٍ وَ لَكِنْ بِمَا أَنْكَى مِنْ قَلْبِهِ.
(The book) ‘Sawab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Al Ash’ary, from Ibn Yazeed, from Abdullah Al Basry raising it,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Allah-azwj Made the poverty as an entrustment with His-azwj creatures. The one who conceals it would be like the one fasting (daytime), the standing (night time), and the one who spreads it to the one able upon fulfilling his need but does not do so, he has killed him. But he has neither killed him by a sword nor a spear, but with what was more painful from his heart’’.[201]
19- ثو، ثواب الأعمال مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ الْجَامُورَانِيِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: رَحِمَ اللَّهُ عَبْداً عَفَّ وَ تَعَفَّفَ وَ كَفَّ عَنِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ فَإِنَّهُ يُعَجِّلُ الذُّلَّ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَ لَا يُغْنِي النَّاسُ عَنْهُ شَيْئاً.
(The book) ‘Sawab Al Amaal’ – Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Al Ash’ari, from Al Jamourany, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali, from Al-Husayn Bin Abu Al A’ala,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘May Allah-azwj Mercy a servant who pardons and is chaste, and refrains from the asking (begging) for it hastens the disgrace in the world and in the Hereafter, and the people will not avail anything from it’’.[202]
20- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَاءِ عَنْ عَنْبَسَةَ بْنِ مُصْعَبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ سَأَلَ النَّاسَ وَ عِنْدَهُ قُوتُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَوْمَ يَلْقَاهُ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ لَحْمٌ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Al Magra’a, from Anbasa Bin Mus’ab,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who asks the people while in his possession is subsistence of three days, will meet Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic on the Day of Qiyamah and there wouldn’t be any flesh upon his face’’.[203]
21- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ السَّلُولِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَسْأَلُ مِنْ غَيْرِ حَاجَةٍ فَيَمُوتُ حَتَّى يُحْوِجَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهَا وَ يُثْبِتَ لَهُ بِهَا النَّارَ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Sinan, from Malik Bin Husayn Al Salouly who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘There is none from a servant who asks from without there being a need and he dies, Allah-azwj Make him needy to it and Affirm the Hellfire for him due to it’’.[204]
22- يج، الخرائج و الجرائح رُوِيَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا جَاءَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ مَا طَعِمْتُ طَعَاماً مُنْذُ يَوْمَيْنِ
(The book) ‘Al Kharaaij Wa Al Jaraaih’ –
‘It is reported that a man came to the Prophet-saww. He said, ‘I have not tasted food since two days!’
فَقَالَ عَلَيْكَ بِالسُّوقِ
He-saww said: ‘Upon you is to be in the market’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ دَخَلَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَتَيْتُ السُّوقَ أَمْسِ فَلَمْ أُصِبْ شَيْئاً فَبِتُّ بِغَيْرِ عَشَاءٍ
When it was the next morning, he entered (came). He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-azwj! I did go to the market yesterday but did not achieve anything, so I slept without dinner!’
قَالَ فَعَلَيْكَ بِالسُّوقِ
He-saww said: ‘Upon you is to be in the market!’
فَأَتَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَيْضاً فَقَالَ ع عَلَيْكَ بِالسُّوقِ
He came after that as well. He-saww said: ‘Upon you is to be in the market!’
فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَيْهَا فَإِذَا عِيرٌ قَدْ جَاءَتْ وَ عَلَيْهَا مَتَاعٌ فَبَاعُوهُ بِفَضْلِ دِينَارٍ فَأَخَذَهُ الرَّجُلُ وَ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَالَ مَا أَصَبْتُ شَيْئاً
He went to it, and there was a camel which had arrived and there was merchandise upon it. They sold it to him for a Dinar. The man took it and came to Rasool-Allah-saww and said, ‘I have not achieved anything!’
قَالَ هَلْ أَصَبْتَ مِنْ عِيرِ آلِ فُلَانٍ شَيْئاً
He-saww said: ‘Did you not achieve something from a camel of the family of so and so?’
قَالَ لَا
He said, ‘No’.
قَالَ بَلَى ضُرِبَ لَكَ فِيهَا بِسَهْمٍ وَ خَرَجْتَ مِنْهَا بِدِينَارٍ
He said, ‘Yes. A lot was struck for you regarding it and it came out from it for a Dinar!’
قَالَ نَعَمْ
He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ فَمَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَكْذِبَ
He-saww said: ‘So what carried you upon lying?’
قَالَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ صَادِقٌ وَ دَعَانِي إِلَى ذَلِكَ إِرَادَةُ أَنْ أَعْلَمَ أَ تَعْلَمُ مَا يَعْمَلُ النَّاسُ وَ أَنْ أَزْدَادَ خَيْراً إِلَى خَيْرٍ
He said, ‘I testify that you-saww are truthful, and (what) carried me to that was the intention to know whether you-saww know what the people are doing, and to increase goodness to goodness’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص صَدَقْتَ مَنِ اسْتَغْنَى أَغْنَاهُ اللَّهُ وَ مَنْ فَتَحَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بَابَ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ سَبْعِينَ بَاباً مِنَ الْفَقْرِ لَا يَسُدُّ أَدْنَاهَا شَيْءٌ فَمَا رُئِيَ سَائِلًا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ
The Prophet-saww said to him: ‘You speak the truth. One who is self-sufficient, Allah-azwj would Enrich him, and one who opens a door of asking upon himself, Allah-azwj would Open upon him seventy doors of poverty. Nothing would block the least of it. I-saww should not see you as a beggar after today!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لَا تَحِلُّ لِغَنِيٍّ وَ لَا لِذِي مِرَّةٍ سَوِيٍّ أَيْ لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهَا وَ هُوَ يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يَكُفَّ نَفْسَهُ عَنْهَا.
Then he-saww said: ‘The charity is not Permissible for a rich one, and for the one with sufficiency, i.e. it is not Permissible for him to be taking it while he is able to refrain himself from it’’.[205]
23- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبْغِضُ الْمُلْحِفَ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Jabir Al Jufy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Allah-azwj Hates the persistent (beggar)’’.[206]
24- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع ثَلَاثَةٌ لا يَنْظُرُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ وَ لا يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ أَلِيمٌ الدَّيُّوثُ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ وَ الْفَاحِشُ الْمُتَفَحِّشُ وَ الَّذِي يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ وَ فِي يَدِهِ ظَهْرُ غِنًى.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Muhammad Al Halby who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Three, Allah-azwj will not Look at them on the Day of Judgement, nor will He Purify them, and for them would be a painful Punishment [3:77] – The cuckold from the man, and the immoral being obscenely immoral, and the one who asks the people while in his hand are apparent riches’’.[207]
25- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَنْ سَأَلَ النَّاسَ شَيْئاً وَ عِنْدَهُ مَا يَقُوتُهُ يَوْمَهُ فَهُوَ مِنَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Haroun Bin Kharjah who said,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘One who asks the people for anything while in his possession is what he can have the meal of his day, he is from the extravagant ones’’.[208]
26- سر، السرائر مِنْ كِتَابِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ قُولَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يَا مُحَمَّدُ لَوْ يَعْلَمُ السَّائِلُ مَا فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ مَا سَأَلَ أَحَدٌ أَحَداً وَ لَوْ يَعْلَمُ الْمُعْطِي مَا فِي الْعَطِيَّةِ مَا رَدَّ أَحَدٌ أَحَداً
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – from the book of Abu Al Qasim Bin Qawlawayh, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘O Muhammad! Had the beggar known what is in the begging, no one would beg anyone, and had the giver known what is in the giving, no one would return anyone (empty handed)’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّهُ مَنْ سَأَلَ بِظَهْرِ غِنًى لَقِيَ اللَّهَ مَخْمُوشاً وَجْهُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.
Then he-asws said: ‘O Muhammad! Surely the one who begs while being with apparent riches would meet Allah-azwj on the Day of Qiyamah with a scratched face’’.[209]
27- جا، المجالس للمفيد الْحَسَنُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَرْبَعَةٌ مِنْ كُنُوزِ الْبِرِّ كِتْمَانُ الْحَاجَةِ وَ كِتْمَانُ الصَّدَقَةِ وَ كِتْمَانُ الْمَرَضِ وَ كِتْمَانُ الْمُصِيبَةِ.
(The book) of Al Mufeed – Al-Hassan Bin Hamza Al Alawy, from Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali, from Abdullah Bin Ibrahim,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from his-asws grandfather-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Four are from the treasures of righteousness – concealing the need, and concealing the charity, and concealing the illness, and concealing the difficulty’’.[210]
28- مكا، مكارم الأخلاق عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: اتَّبِعُوا قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ فَتَحَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بَابَ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَابَ فَقْرٍ.
(The book) ‘Makarim Al Akhlaaq’ –
‘From Amir Al-Momineen-asws, he-asws said: ‘Follow words of Rasool-Allah-saww for he-saww said: ‘One who opens upon himself a door of begging, Allah-azwj will Open upon him a door of poverty’’.[211]
عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَسْأَلُ مِنْ غَيْرِ حَاجَةٍ فَيَمُوتُ حَتَّى يُحْوِجَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى السُّؤَالِ وَ يُثْبِتَ لَهُ بِهَا فِي النَّارِ.
From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘There is none from a servant who begs from without a need, so he dies until Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Causes him to be needy to the begging and Affirms for him to be in the Hellfire due to it’’.[212]
وَ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ ص يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص عَلِّمْنِي شَيْئاً إِذَا فَعَلْتُهُ أَحَبَّنِيَ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ أَحَبَّنِي أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ
And from him-asws having said: ‘A man said to the Prophet-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Teach me something when I were to do it, Allah-azwj will Cause me to be beloved from the sky and Cause me to be beloved by people of the earth!’
قَالَ ارْغَبْ فِيمَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ يُحْبِبْكَ اللَّهُ وَ ازْهَدْ فِيمَا عِنْدَ النَّاسِ يُحْبِبْكَ النَّاسُ.
He-saww said: ‘Be desirous regarding what is in the Presence of Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj will Cause you to be beloved (in the sky), and be ascetic in what is in the possession of the people, you will become beloved by the people’’.[213]
قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ ع لَوْ يَعْلَمُ السَّائِلُ مَا فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ مَا سَأَلَ أَحَدٌ أَحَداً وَ لَوْ يَعْلَمُ الْمُعْطِي مَا فِي الْعَطِيَّةِ مَا رَدَّ أَحَدٌ أَحَداً.
Al-Baqir-asws said: ‘Had the beggar known what is in the begging, no one would beg anyone, and had the give known what is in the giving, no one would return anyone (empty handed)’’.[214]
29- جع، جامع الأخبار رُوِيَ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ فَتَحَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بَاباً مِنَ الْمَسْأَلَةِ إِلَّا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ سَبْعِينَ بَاباً مِنَ الْفَقْرَ.
(The book) ‘Jamie Al Akhbar’ – It is reported from Anas Bin Malik (well known fabricator),
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘There is none from a servant who opens upon himself a door of begging, except Allah-azwj would Open upon him seventy doors of poverty’’.[215]
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِنَّ الْمَسْأَلَةَ لَا تَحِلُّ إِلَّا لِفَقْرٍ مُدْقِعٍ أَوْ غُرْمٍ مُقْطَعٍ.
The Prophet-saww said: ‘The begging is not Permissible except for desperate poverty or overwhelming debt’’.[216]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَا فَتَحَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بَابَ مَسْأَلَةٍ إِلَّا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَاباً مِنَ الْفَقْرِ.
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘A man does not open upon himself a door of begging except Allah‑azwj Opens upon him a door of poverty’’.[217]
وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ سَأَلَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى فَصُدَاعٌ فِي الرَّأْسِ وَ دَاءٌ فِي الْبَطْنِ.
And he-asws said: ‘One who begs from apparent riches will have a crack (pain) in the head and a disease in the belly’’.[218]
وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ سَأَلَ النَّاسَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ تَكَثُّراً فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ جَمْرَةٌ فَلْيَسْتَقِلَّ مِنْهُ أَوْ لِيَسْتَكْثِرْ.
And he-asws said: ‘One who asks (begs) the people of their wealth a lot, rather it is an ember (burning coal), so let him be little from it or let him be a lot (it is the same)’’.[219]
30- ختص، الإختصاص قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَعَلَ الرَّحْمَةَ فِي قُلُوبِ رُحَمَاءِ خَلْقِهِ فَاطْلُبُوا الْحَوَائِجَ مِنْهُمْ وَ لَا تَطْلُبُوهَا مِنَ الْقَاسِيَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَحَلَّ غَضَبَهُ بِهِمْ.
(The book) ‘Al Ikhtisaas’ –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj has Make the Mercy to be in hearts of His-azwj merciful creatures. Seek the needs from them and do not be seeking it from the ones of cruel hearts, for Allah‑azwj Blessed and Exalted has Released His-azwj Wrath with them’’.[220]
31- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر عَلِيُّ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ عَنِ ابْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْحَيِيَّ الْحَلِيمَ الْغَنِيَّ الْمُتَعَفِّفَ أَلَا وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبْغِضُ الْفَاحِشَ الْبَذِيَّ السَّائِلَ الْمُلْحِفَ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – Ali Bin Al Numan, from Ibn Shimr, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj Loves the modest, the forbearing, the self-sufficient, the chaste. Indeed, and Allah-azwj Hates the immoral, the obscene, the persistent beggar’’.[221]
32- ين، كتاب حسين بن سعيد و النوادر ابْنُ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص تَحْرُمُ الْجَنَّةُ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةٍ عَلَى الْمَنَّانِ وَ عَلَى الْمُغْتَابِ وَ عَلَى مُدْمِنِ الْخَمْرِ.
The book of Husayn Bin Saeed, and ‘Al Nawadir’ – Ibn Ulwan, from Amro Bin Khalid,
‘From Zayd Bin Ali (Bin Al-Husayn-asws), from his forefather-asws, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The Paradise is Prohibited unto three – unto the reminder of conferment, and upon the backbiter, and upon the habitual of wine’’.[222]
33- نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْكَاظِمِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّ مَسْأَلَةَ الرَّجُلِ كَسْبُهُ بِوَجْهِهِ فَأُبْقِيَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ و [أَوْ] تُرِكَ.
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy – By his chain,
‘From Al Kazim-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The begging by the man is his earnings by his face (honour), so either it remains upon his face or leaves’’.[223]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَجْرُ السَّائِلِ فِي حَقٍّ لَهُ كَأَجْرِ الْمُتَصَدِّقِ عَلَيْهِ.
And by this chain, he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Recompense of the beggar regarding a right (entitlement) of his is like a Recompense of the donor to him’’.[224]
34- مَجَالِسُ الشَّيْخِ، الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَهْبَانَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الزَّعْفَرَانِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يَا مُحَمَّدُ لَوْ يَعْلَمُ السَّائِلُ مَا فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ مَا سَأَلَ أَحَدٌ أَحَداً وَ لَوْ يَعْلَمُ الْمُعْطِي مَا فِي الْعَطِيَّةِ مَا رَدَّ أَحَدٌ أَحَداً
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of the sheykh – Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Wahban, from Ahmad Bin Ibrahim, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Al Zafran, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hisham Bin Sali, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘O Muhammad! Had the beggar known what is in the begging, no one would beg anyone, and had the giver known what is in the giving, no one would return anyone (empty-handed)’.
قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّهُ مَنْ سَأَلَ وَ هُوَ بِظَهْرِ غِنًى لَقِيَ اللَّهَ مَخْمُوشاً وَجْهُهُ.
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then he-asws said: ‘O Muhammad! Surely the one who begs while he is with apparent riches, would meet Allah-azwj with his scratched face’’.[225]
وَ مِنْهُ، بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ قَوْماً أَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص اضْمَنْ لَنَا عَلَى رَبِّكَ الْجَنَّةَ
And from him, by this chain, from Hisham,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘A group of people came to Rasool-Allah-saww. They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-azwj! Guarantee the Paradise for us, based upon your-saww Lord-azwj!’
قَالَ فَقَالَ عَلَى أَنْ تُعِينُونِي بِطُولِ السُّجُودِ
He-asws said: ‘He-saww said: ‘Upon (the condition that) you will be assisting me-saww with lengthy Sajdah(s)’.
قَالُوا نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص
They said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
فَضَمِنَ لَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ
He-saww guaranteed the Paradise for them.
قَالَ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ قَوْماً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ
He-asws said: ‘That reached a group from the Helpers’.
قَالَ فَأَتَوْهُ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص اضْمَنْ لَنَا الْجَنَّةَ
He-asws said: ‘They came to him-saww. They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Guarantee the Paradise for us!’
قَالَ عَلَى أَنْ لَا تَسْأَلُوا أَحَداً شَيْئاً
He-saww said: ‘Upon (the condition that) you will not ask (beg) anyone for anything’.
قَالُوا نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص
They said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
فَضَمِنَ لَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ فَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ يَسْقُطُ سَوْطُهُ وَ هُوَ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ فَيَنْزِلُ حَتَّى يَتَنَاوَلَهُ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ أَحَداً شَيْئاً وَ إِنْ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ لَيَنْقَطِعُ شِسْعُهُ فَيَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَطْلُبَ مِنْ أَحَدٍ شِسْعاً.
He-saww guaranteed the Paradise for them. It so happened that the man from them, his whip would fall off from him while he is upon his riding animal, he would descend until he would take it, disliking to ask anyone for anything, and if the slipper of a man would be cut, he would dislike seeking a slipper from anyone’’.[226]
35- الدُّرَّةُ الْبَاهِرَةُ، قَالَ الرِّضَا ع الْمَسْأَلَةُ مِفْتَاحُ الْبُؤْسِ.
(The book) ‘Al Durr Al Bahira’ –
‘Al-Reza-asws said: ‘The asking (begging) is a key to misery’’.[227]
36- نَهْجُ الْبَلَاغَةِ، قَالَ ع فَوْتُ الْحَاجَةِ أَهْوَنُ مِنْ طَلَبِهَا إِلَى غَيْرِ أَهْلِهَا.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’ – He-asws said: ‘Missing out on the need is easier than seeking it from other than its rightful people’’.[228]
وَ قَالَ ع الْعَفَافُ زِينَةُ الْفَقْرِ وَ الشُّكْرُ زِينَةُ الْغِنَى.
And he-asws said: ‘The chastity is an adornment of the poverty, and the thanking is an adornment of the riches’’.[229]
وَ قَالَ ع وَجْهُكَ مَاءٌ جَامِدٌ يُقَطِّرُهُ السُّؤَالُ فَانْظُرْ عِنْدَ مَنْ تُقَطِّرُهُ.
And he-asws said: ‘Water (dignity) of your face is solid, the begging makes it drip, therefore look (consider) in whose presence you are dripping it’’.[230]
37- عُدَّةُ الدَّاعِي، قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع مَنْ سَأَلَ مِنْ غَيْرِ فَقْرٍ فَإِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ الْخَمْرَ.
(The book) ‘Uddat Al Daie’ –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘One who begs from without poverty, so rather he consumes the wine’’.[231]
وَ قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ ع أُقْسِمُ بِاللَّهِ وَ هُوَ حَقٌّ مَا فَتَحَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بَابَ مَسْأَلَةٍ إِلَّا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بَابَ فَقْرٍ.
And Al Baqir-asws said: ‘I-asws swear by Allah-azwj, and it is true, a man will not open upon himself a door of begging except Allah-azwj would Open for him a door of poverty’’.[232]
وَ قَالَ سَيِّدُ الْعَابِدِينَ ع ضَمِنْتُ عَلَى رَبِّي أَنْ لَا يَسْأَلَ أَحَدٌ أَحَداً مِنْ غَيْرِ حَاجَةٍ إِلَّا اضْطَرَّتْهُ حَاجَةٌ بِالْمَسْأَلَةِ يَوْماً إِلَى أَنْ يَسْأَلَ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ.
And Seyyid Al Abideen-asws said: ‘I-asws guarantee based upon my-asws Lord-azwj that no one will ask (beg) anyone from without there being a need, except the need would make him desperate one day for the begging for a need’’.[233]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص يَوْماً لِأَصْحَابِهِ أَ لَا تُبَايِعُونِّي
And the Prophet-saww said one day to his-saww companions: ‘Will you not pledge allegiance to me-saww?’
فَقَالُوا قَدْ بَايَعْنَاكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
They said, ‘We have already pledged allegiance to you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ تُبَايِعُونِّي عَلَى أَنْ لَا تَسْأَلُوا النَّاسَ شَيْئاً
He-saww said: ‘You should pledge to me upon that you will not be asking (begging) the people for anything’.
فَكَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ تَقَعُ الْمِخْصَرَةُ مِنْ يَدِ أَحَدِهِمْ فَيَنْزِلُ لَهَا وَ لَا يَقُولُ لِأَحَدٍ نَاوِلْنِيهَا.
It was so after that, the stick (baton) would fall from the hand of one of them, so he would descend for it and not say to anyone to give it’’.[234]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَأْخُذُ حَبْلًا فَيَأْتِي بِحُزْمَةِ حَطَبٍ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ فَيَبِيعُهَا فَيَكُفُّ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ.
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘If one of you were to take a rope and come with a bundle of firewood upon his back, so he sells it to restrain his face (honour) by it, it would be better for him than to beg’’.[235]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع شِيعَتُنَا مَنْ لَا يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ شَيْئاً وَ لَوْ مَاتَ جُوعاً.
And Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘Our-asws Shia is the one who does not ask (beg) the people for anything and even if he dies of hunger’’.[236]
وَ قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ ع طَلَبُ الْحَوَائِجِ إِلَى النَّاسِ اسْتِلَابٌ لِلْعِزَّةِ وَ مَذْهَبَةٌ لِلْحَيَاءِ وَ الْيَأْسُ مِمَّا فِي أَيْدِي النَّاسِ عِزُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الطَّمَعُ هُوَ الْفَقْرُ الْحَاضِرُ.
Al-Baqir-asws said: ‘Seeking the needs to the people is a stripping of the honour and does away the modesty, and the despairing from what is in hands of the people is an honour for the Momineen and the coveting, it is the present poverty’’.[237]
وَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص مَنِ اسْتَغْنَى أَغْنَاهُ اللَّهُ وَ مَنِ اسْتَعَفَّ أَعَفَّهُ اللَّهُ وَ مَنْ سَأَلَ أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ وَ مَنْ فَتَحَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بَابَ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ سَبْعِينَ بَاباً مِنَ الْفَقْرِ لَا يَسُدُّ أَدْنَاهَا شَيْءٌ.
And from the Prophet-saww: ‘One who is contented, Allah-azwj would Enrich him and one who seeks chastity Allah-azwj would Make him chaste, and one who requests Allah-azwj would Give him, and one who opens upon himself a door of begging, Allah-azwj would Open upon him seventy doors of poverty. Nothing would block the least of it’’.[238]
وَ قَالَ ص لَا تَقْطَعُوا عَلَى السَّائِلِ مَسْأَلَتَهُ فَلَوْ لَا أَنَّ الْمَسَاكِينَ يَكْذِبُونَ مَا أَفْلَحَ مَنْ رَدَّهُمْ.
And he-saww said: ‘Do not cut off upon the beggar of his request. Had it not been for the needy lying, the one who returns them would not have succeeded’’.[239]
وَ قَالَ ص رُدُّوا السَّائِلَ بِبَذْلٍ يَسِيرٍ أَوْ بِلِينٍ وَ رَحْمَةٍ فَإِنَّهُ يَأْتِيكُمْ مَنْ لَيْسَ بِإِنْسٍ وَ لَا جَانٍّ لِيَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ صُنْعُكُمْ فِيمَا خَوَّلَكُمُ اللَّهُ.
And he-saww said: ‘Return the beggar with expending a little, or with gentleness and mercy, for there shall be coming to you someone who is neither human nor Jinn in order to look at how you are dealing regarding what Allah-azwj has Empowered you’’.[240]
وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ كُنَّا جُلُوساً عَلَى بَابِ دَارِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بُكْرَةً فَدَنَا سَائِلٌ إِلَى بَابِ الدَّارِ فَسَأَلَ فَرَدُّوهُ فَلَامَهُمْ لَائِمَةً شَدِيدَةً وَ قَالَ أَوَّلُ سَائِلٍ قَامَ عَلَى بَابِ الدَّارِ رَدَدْتُمُوهُ أَطْعِمُوا ثَلَاثَةً ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ أَعْلَمُ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ أَنْ تَزْدَادُوا فَازْدَادُوا وَ إِلَّا فَقَدْ أَدَّيْتُمْ حَقَّ يَوْمِكُمْ.
And one of them said, ‘We were seated at the door of the house of Abu Abdullah-asws early morning. A beggar approached at the door of the house. He begged. They returned him (empty handed). He-asws blamed them with severe blaming and he-asws said: ‘The first beggar standing at the door of the house you have returned him. Feed three, then you are more knowing. If you desire to increase, so increase, or else you would have fulfilled the right of your day’’.[241]
وَ قَالَ ع أَعْطُوا الْوَاحِدَ وَ الِاثْنَيْنِ وَ الثَّلَاثَةَ ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ بِالْخِيَارِ.
And he-asws said: ‘Give the one, and the two, and the three, then you are with the choice’.[242]
وَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص إِذَا طَرَقَكُمْ سَائِلٌ ذَكَرٌ بِلَيْلٍ فَلَا تَرُدُّوهُ.
And from the Prophet-saww: ‘Whenever a male beggar knocks (a door) on you at night, do not return him (empty-handed)’’.[243]
وَ عَنْهُمْ ع إِنَّا لَنُعْطِي غَيْرَ الْمُسْتَحِقِّ حَذَراً مِنْ رَدِّ الْمُسْتَحِقِّ.
And from them-asws: ‘We-asws tend to give the undeserving as a precaution from returning the deserving one’’.[244]
وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع صَدَقَةُ اللَّيْلِ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ.
And Ali Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘Charity at night extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj!’’[245]
وَ قَالَ ع لِأَبِي حَمْزَةَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ يُطَيِّبَ اللَّهُ مِيتَتَكَ وَ يَغْفِرَ لَكَ ذَنْبَكَ يَوْمَ تَلْقَاهُ فَعَلَيْكَ بِالْبِرِّ وَ صَدَقَةِ السِّرِّ وَ صِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ فَإِنَّهُنَّ يَزِدْنَ فِي الْعُمُرِ وَ يَنْفِينَ الْفَقْرَ وَ يَدْفَعْنَ عَنْ صَاحِبِهِنَّ سَبْعِينَ مِيتَةَ سَوْءٍ
And he-asws said to Abu Hamza: ‘If you want Allah-azwj to Give you a good death, and Forgive your sin for you on the Day you meet Him-azwj, upon you is with the righteous acts, and the secretive charity, and connecting the kinship, for these tend to increase in the lifespan, and negate the poverty, and repel from its performer seventy (types of) evil death’.
وَ سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ ص عَنْ أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ فَقَالَ عَلَى ذِي الرَّحِمِ الْكَاشِحِ
And the Prophet-saww was asked about which charity is best. He-saww said: ‘To the one with kinship, the neglecter’.
وَ سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع عَنِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَى مَنْ يَتَصَدَّقُ عَلَى الْأَبْوَابِ أَوْ يُمْسِكُ عَنْهُمْ وَ يُعْطِيهِ ذَوِي قَرَابَتِهِ
And Al-Sadiq-asws was asked about the charity to the one given charity at the doors, ‘Should he withhold from them and give it to the one with his kinship?’
قَالَ لَا يَبْعَثُ بِهَا إِلَى مَنْ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ فَهُوَ أَعْظَمُ لِلْأَجْرِ.
He-asws said: ‘No, send it to the having kinship between him and him, it is of greater Recompense’’.[246]
وَ قَالَ ع مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ فِي رَمَضَانَ صَرَفَ عَنْهُ سَبْعِينَ نَوْعاً مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ.
And he-asws said: ‘One who gives charity in (the month of) Ramazan, seventy types of afflictions would be Turned away from him’’.[247]
وَ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَتَصَدَّقَ بِشَيْءٍ قَبْلَ الْجُمُعَةِ بِيَوْمٍ فَأَخِّرْهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ.
And from Al Baqir-asws: ‘Whenever you want to give charity with something, a day before the Friday, delay it to the day of Friday’’.[248]
38- أَعْلَامُ الدِّينِ، قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِوَلَدِهِ الْحَسَنِ ع يَا بُنَيَ إِذَا نَزَلَ بِكَ كَلَبُ الزَّمَانِ وَ قَحْطُ الدَّهْرِ فَعَلَيْكَ بِذَوِي الْأُصُولِ الثَّابِتَةِ وَ الْفُرُوعِ النَّابِتَةِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ الْإِيثَارِ وَ الشَّفَقَةِ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَقْضَى لِلْحَاجَاتِ وَ أَمْضَى لِدَفْعِ الْمُلِمَّاتِ
(The book) ‘A’lam Al Deen’ –
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to his-asws son-asws Al-Hassan-asws: ‘O my-asws son-asws! When there befalls you the distress of the times and drought of the ages, upon you-asws is to be with the ones with firm roots and flourishing branches, from the people of mercy and the preference and the compassion, for it would be more fulfilling of the needs and more effective in warding off the calamities!
وَ إِيَّاكَ وَ طَلَبَ الْفَضْلِ وَ اكْتِسَابَ الطَّسَاسِيجِ وَ الْقَرَارِيطِ مِنْ ذَوِي الْأَكُفِّ الْيَابِسَةِ وَ الْوُجُوهِ الْعَابِسَةِ فَإِنَّهُمْ إِنْ أَعْطَوْا مَنُّوا وَ إِنْ مَنَعُوا كَدُّوا
And beware of seeking the grace and attaining the gifts and the awards from the ones with dry palms and the frowning faces. If they give they remind the conferment, and if they refuse they grumble’.
ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يَقُولُ
| وَ اسْأَلِ العُرْفَ إِنْ سَأَلْتَ كَرِيماً | لَمْ يَزَلْ يَعْرِفُ الْغِنَى وَ الْيَسَارَا | |
| فَسُؤَالُ الْكَرِيمِ يُورِثُ عِزّاً | وَ سُؤَالُ اللَّئِيمِ يُورِثُ عَاراً | |
| وَ إِذَا لَمْ تَجِدْ مِنَ الذُّلِّ بُدّاً | فَالْقَ بِالذُّلِّ إِنْ لَقِيتَ الْكِبَارَا | |
| لَيْسَ إِجْلَالُكَ الْكَبِيرَ بِعَارٍ | إِنَّمَا الْعَارُ أَنْ تُجِلَّ الصِّغَارَا. |
Then he-asws prosed (a poem) saying: ‘And ask for generosity if you ask, for he who is generous continues to know richness and ease. Asking the noble begets honour, while asking the ignoble begets shame. And if you find no way to escape humiliation, then embrace it when you meet the great ones. Your honouring the great is not shameful; rather, shame lies in honouring the insignificant’’.[249]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص اطْلُبُوا الْمَعْرُوفَ وَ الْفَضْلَ مِنْ رُحَمَاءِ أُمَّتِي تَعِيشُوا فِي أَكْنَافِهِمْ وَ الْخَلْقُ كُلُّهُمْ عِيَالُ اللَّهِ وَ إِنَّ أَحَبَّهُمْ إِلَيْهِ أَنْفَعُهُمْ لِخَلْقِهِ وَ أَحْسَنُهُمْ صَنِيعاً إِلَى عِيَالِهِ وَ إِنَّ الْخَيْرَ كَثِيرٌ وَ قَلِيلٌ فَاعِلُهُ.
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘Seek the act of kindness and the grace from the merciful ones of my-saww community. Live among their communities, and the creatures, all of them are dependants of Allah-azwj, and the most beloved of them to Him-azwj is their most beneficial to His-azwj creatures, and their best in dealing to his dependants, and that the goodness is a lot and its doers are few’’.[250]
باب 17 استدامة النعمة باحتمال المئونة و أن المعونة تنزل على قدر المئونة
CHAPTER 17 – THE CONTINUITY OF THE BOUNTIES IS WITH THE ENDURANCE OF PROVIDING, AND THE AID DESCENDS BASED UPON A MEASUREMENT OF THE PROVISION (PROVIDED)
1- ب، قرب الإسناد هَارُونُ عَنِ ابْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: مَنْ عَظُمَتْ عَلَيْهِ النِّعْمَةُ اشْتَدَّتْ لِذَلِكَ مَئُونَةُ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنْ هُوَ قَامَ بِمَئُونَتِهِمْ اجْتَلَبَ زِيَادَةَ النِّعْمَةِ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ إِنْ هُوَ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَقَدْ عَرَضَ النِّعْمَةَ لِزَوَالِهَا.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Haroun, from Ibn Sadaqah,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One the bounties are mighty upon him, due to that the provisions of the people intensify upon him. If he stands with providing them, it attracts the increased bounties from Allah-azwj upon him, and if he does not do so, then he has exposed the bounties for its decline’’.[251]
2- ب، قرب الإسناد ابْنُ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُنَزِّلُ الْمَعُونَةَ عَلَى قَدْرِ الْمَئُونَةِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Ibn Tareyf, from Ibn Ulwan,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Sends down the Assistance based upon a measurement of the provision (required)’’.[252]
3- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي الْفَوَارِسِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَنْبَرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الزُّرَيْقِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنْ ثُوَيْرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ [مَعْدَانَ] معلان عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا عَظُمَتْ نِعْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَى عَبْدٍ إِلَّا عَظُمَتْ مَئُونَةُ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْتَمِلْ تِلْكَ الْمَئُونَةَ فَقَدْ عَرَضَ تِلْكَ النِّعْمَةَ لِلزَّوَالِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the Sheykh Al Tusi – Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Al Fawahish, from Ahmad Bin Ja’far, from Al-Hassan Bin Anbar, from Muhammad Bin Al Zureyq, from Muhammad Bin Ma’dan Al Abdy, from Suweyr Bin Yazeed, from Khalid Bin Ma’dan, from Muaz Bin Jabal who said,
‘The bounties of Allah-azwj are not increased upon a servant except for the providing the people is increased upon him. Then one who cannot endure that provision (to the people) would expose that bounty for the decline’’.[253]
4- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَرَفَةَ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ: يَا ابْنَ عَرَفَةَ إِنَّ النِّعَمَ كَالْإِبِلِ الْمَعْقُولَةِ فِي عَطَنِهَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ مَا أَحْسَنُوا جِوَارَهَا فَإِذَا أَسَاءُوا مُعَامَلَتَهَا وَ إِنَالَتَهَا نَفَرَتْ عَنْهُمْ.
(The book) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – My father, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Yaqteeny, from Muhammad Bin Arafah,
‘From Al-Reza-asws having said: ‘O Ibn Arafa! The bounty is like the well-treated camels in their enclosures. How excellent is their behaviour towards the people. When they are ill-treated in their dealings and their feed, then flee from them’’.[254]
5- مع، معاني الأخبار مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يَا حُسَيْنُ أَكْرِمِ النِّعْمَةَ
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’ – Majaylawiya, from his uncle, from Al Kufi, from Sa’dan Bin Muslim, from Husayn Bin Nueym,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘O Husayn, honour the bounties!’
قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ كَرَامَتُهَا
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws, and which thing is its honour?’
قَالَ اصْطِنَاعُ الْمَعْرُوفِ فِيهَا يَبْقَى عَلَيْكَ.
He-asws said: ‘The goodly dealings in it. It will remain upon you’’.[255]
6- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ: كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ وَ كَانَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَةٌ صَالِحَةٌ فَرَأَى فِي النَّوْمِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ وَقَّتَ لَكَ مِنَ الْعُمُرِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا سَنَةً وَ جَعَلَ نِصْفَ عُمُرِكَ فِي سَعَةٍ وَ جَعَلَ النِّصْفَ الْآخَرَ فِي ضِيقٍ فَاخْتَرْ لِنَفْسِكَ إِمَّا النِّصْفَ الْأَوَّلَ وَ إِمَّا النِّصْفَ الْأَخِيرَ
(The book) ‘Qasas Al Anbiya-as’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – by this chain from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdul Rahman Bin Al Hajjaj,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-azwj be upon him-asws, said: ‘Among the children of Israel there was a righteous man, and there was a righteous wife for him. He saw in the dream, ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted has Timed for you such and such years of your lifespan, and has Made half of your lifespan in affluence and Make the other half in constriction, so choose of yourself, either the first half or the second half’.
فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ إِنَّ لِي زَوْجَةً صَالِحَةً وَ هِيَ شَرِيكَتِي فِي الْمَعَاشِ فَأُشَاوِرُهَا فِي ذَلِكَ وَ تَعُودُ إِلَيَّ فَأُخْبِرُكَ
The man said, ‘There is a righteous wife for me and she is my partner in the life. I shall consult her regarding that. You return to me and I will inform you’.
فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ الرَّجُلُ قَالَ لِزَوْجَتِهِ رَأَيْتُ فِي النَّوْمِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا
When it was morning the man said to his wife, ‘I saw such and such in the dream’.
فَقَالَتْ يَا فُلَانُ اخْتَرِ النِّصْفَ الْأَوَّلَ وَ تَعَجَّلِ الْعَافِيَةَ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ سَيَرْحَمُنَا وَ يُتِمُّ لَنَا النِّعْمَةَ
She said, ‘O so and so! Choose the first half and hasten the well-being, perhaps Allah-azwj will Mercy us and Complete the bounties for us’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ أَتَى الْآتِي فَقَالَ مَا اخْتَرْتَ
When it was during the second night, the comer came. He said, ‘What is your choice?’
فَقَالَ اخْتَرْتُ النِّصْفَ الْأَوَّلَ
He said, ‘I have chosen the first half’.
فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ لَكَ
He said, ‘That is for you’.
فَأَقْبَلَتِ الدُّنْيَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ كُلِّ وَجْهٍ وَ لَمَّا ظَهَرَتْ نِعْمَتُهُ قَالَتْ لَهُ زَوْجَتُهُ قَرَابَتُكَ وَ الْمُحْتَاجُونَ فَصِلْهُمْ وَ بِرَّهُمْ وَ جَارُكَ وَ أَخُوكَ فُلَانٌ فَهَبْهُمْ
The world came to him from every direction, and when his bounties were apparent, his wife said to him, ‘Your relatives and the needy ones, connect them and be righteous with them, and to your neighbour, and your brother so and so, love them!’
فَلَمَّا مَضَى نِصْفُ الْعُمُرِ وَ جَازَ حَدُّ الْوَقْتِ رَأَى الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي رَآهُ أَوَّلًا فِي النَّوْمِ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ شَكَرَ لَكَ ذَلِكَ وَ لَكَ تَمَامَ عُمُرِكَ سَعَةٌ مِثْلُ مَا مَضَى.
When half the lifespan passed and the limit of the time was exceeded, the saw the one whom he had seen in the dram at first. He said to him, ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted has Appreciated that for you, and for you is your complete lifespan in affluence, similar to what has past’’.[256]
باب 18 مصارف الإنفاق و النهي عن التبذير فيه و الصدقة بالمال الحرام
CHAPTER 18 – THE CHANNELS OF EXPENDITURE, AND THE FORBIDDANCE FROM THE EXTRAVAGANCE IN IT, AND THE CHARITY WITH THE PROHIBITED WEALTH
الآيات الأنفال إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوالَهُمْ لِيَصُدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَسَيُنْفِقُونَها ثُمَّ تَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ حَسْرَةً ثُمَّ يُغْلَبُونَ وَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِلى جَهَنَّمَ يُحْشَرُونَ
The Verses – (Surah) Al Anfaal: Surely, those who are committing Kufr are spending their wealth in order to hinder from the Way of Allah. So they will be spending it, then it would become a regret upon them, then they would be overcome. And those who are committing Kufr, to Hell they would be driven [8:36].
لِيَمِيزَ اللَّهُ الْخَبِيثَ مِنَ الطَّيِّبِ وَ يَجْعَلَ الْخَبِيثَ بَعْضَهُ عَلى بَعْضٍ فَيَرْكُمَهُ جَمِيعاً فَيَجْعَلَهُ فِي جَهَنَّمَ أُولئِكَ هُمُ الْخاسِرُونَ
For Allah to Distinguish between the wicked from the good, and He would Make the wicked to be heaped upon each other, accumulated together, and He would Make it to be in Hell. These, they are the losers [8:37].
الإسراء وَ لا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلى عُنُقِكَ وَ لا تَبْسُطْها كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُوماً مَحْسُوراً
(Surah) Al Isra’a: And do not make your hand to be shackled to your neck nor extend it with every extension for you will sit back blamed, insolvent [17:29].
الحشر وَ الَّذِينَ تَبَوَّؤُا الدَّارَ وَ الْإِيمانَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ يُحِبُّونَ مَنْ هاجَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ لا يَجِدُونَ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ حاجَةً مِمَّا أُوتُوا وَ يُؤْثِرُونَ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ لَوْ كانَ بِهِمْ خَصاصَةٌ وَ مَنْ يُوقَ شُحَّ نَفْسِهِ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ.
(Surah) Al Hashr: And those who had the home (in Al-Medina), and had the Eman from before them, are loving the ones who emigrate to them, and they are not finding any need in their chests from what they give, and they are preferring (others) over their own selves, and even though there was extreme poverty with them. And one who preserves himself from stinginess, so those, they are the successful ones [59:9].
1- لي، الأمالي للصدوق مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ مِنْهَالٍ الْقَصَّابِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ أَصَابَ مَالًا مِنْ أَرْبَعٍ لَمْ يُقْبَلْ مِنْهُ فِي أَرْبَعٍ مَنْ أَصَابَ مَالًا مِنْ غُلُولٍ أَوْ رِيَاءٍ أَوْ خِيَانَةٍ أَوْ سَرِقَةٍ لَمْ يُقْبَلْ مِنْهُ فِي زَكَاةٍ وَ لَا فِي صَدَقَةٍ وَ لَا فِي حَجٍّ وَ لَا فِي عُمْرَةٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Majaylawiya, from his father, from Al Barqy, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Ayoub, from Muhammad Bin Muslim and Minhal Al Qassab, altogether,
‘From Abu Ja’far Al-Baqir-asws: ‘One who attains wealth from four (sources) it will not be Accepted from him in four (channels) – one who attains wealth from embezzlement, or pretence, or betrayal, or theft, it will neither be Accepted from him in Zakat, nor in charity, nor in Hajj, nor in Umrah’’.[257]
وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَجّاً وَ لَا عُمْرَةً مِنْ مَالٍ حَرَامٍ.
And Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will neither Accept Hajj nor Umrah from unlawful wealth’’.[258]
2- فس، تفسير القمي وَ لا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلى عُنُقِكَ وَ لا تَبْسُطْها كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُوماً مَحْسُوراً فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ سَبَبَ نُزُولِهَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ لَا يَرُدُّ أَحَداً يَسْأَلُهُ شَيْئاً عِنْدَهُ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَسَأَلَهُ فَلَمْ يَحْضُرْهُ شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ يَكُونُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
Tafseer Al Qummi –
And do not make your hand to be shackled to your neck nor extend it with every extension for you will sit back blamed, insolvent [17:29]. The cause for its Revelation was that Rasool-Allah-azwj was not returning anyone who asked him-saww for anything which was in his-saww possession. A man came and asked him-asws but nothing was present with him-saww, so he-saww said: ‘It will happen, if Allah-azwj so Desires’.
فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَعْطِنِي قَمِيصَكَ وَ كَانَ لَا يَرُدُّ أَحَداً عَمَّا عِنْدَهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ قَمِيصَهُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَ لا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلى عُنُقِكَ وَ لا تَبْسُطْها كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَنَهَاهُ أَنْ يَبْخَلَ وَ يُسْرِفَ وَ يَقْعُدَ مَحْسُوراً مِنَ الثِّيَابِ
He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Give me your-asws shirt!’, and he-saww was not returning anything from what was in his-saww possession. So, he-saww gave him his-saww shirt, and Allah-azwj Revealed: And do not make your hand to be shackled to your neck nor extend it with every extension [17:29]. He-azwj Prohibited him-saww from being miserly and extravagant, and he-saww sat insolvent (devoid) of the cloth.
فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع الْمَحْسُورُ الْعُرْيَانُ.
Al-Sadiq-asws said: ‘The ‘insolvent’ (devoid), is the bareness’’.[259]
3- ب، قرب الإسناد هَارُونُ عَنِ ابْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: أَصْنَافٌ لَا يُسْتَجَابُ لَهُمْ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَدَانَ رَجُلًا دَيْناً إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَلَمْ يَكْتُبْ عَلَيْهِ كِتَاباً وَ لَمْ يُشْهِدْ عَلَيْهِ شُهُوداً وَ رَجُلٌ يَدْعُو عَلَى ذِي رَحِمٍ
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Haroun, from Ibn Ziyad,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘There are types (of people), (supplications) are not Answered for them. From them is a man who lends a loan to a man up to a specified term but does not write an agreement upon it nor does he keep witnesses upon it; and a man supplicating against one with kinship.
وَ رَجُلٌ تُؤْذِيهِ امْرَأَتُهُ بِكُلِّ مَا تَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ فِي ذَلِكَ يَدْعُو اللَّهَ عَلَيْهَا وَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ أَرِحْنِي مِنْهَا فَهَذَا يَقُولُ اللَّهُ لَهُ عَبْدِي أَ وَ مَا قَلَّدْتُكَ أَمْرَهَا فَإِنْ شِئْتَ خَلَّيْتَهَا وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَمْسَكْتَهَا
And a man being hurt by his wife with all she is able upon him, and during that he supplicates to Allah-azwj against her and says, ‘O Allah-azwj! Give me rest from her!’ This one, Allah-azwj Says to him: “My-azwj servant! Have I-azwj not Collared you, with her matter? If you like you can free (divorce) her, and if you like you can withhold her!”
وَ رَجُلٌ رَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى مَالًا ثُمَّ أَنْفَقَهُ فِي الْبِرِّ وَ التَّقْوَى فَلَمْ يَبْقَ لَهُ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ وَ هُوَ فِي ذَلِكَ يَدْعُو اللَّهَ أَنْ يَرْزُقَهُ فَهَذَا يَقُولُ لَهُ الرَّبُّ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَ وَ لَمْ أَرْزُقْكَ وَ أَغْنِيكَ أَ فَلَا اقْتَصَدْتَ وَ لِمَ تُسْرِفُ إِنِّي لَا أُحِبُّ الْمُسْرِفِينَ
And a man Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Graced wealth, then he spends it in the righteousness and the piety, so there does not remain for him anything from it, and during that he supplicates to Allah-azwj to Grace him. This one, the Lord-azwj Blessed and Exalted Says to him: “Did I-azwj not Grace you and Enriched you? Why were you not moderate and why were you extravagant? I-azwj do not Like the extravagant ones!”
وَ رَجُلٌ قَاعِدٌ فِي بَيْتِهِ وَ هُوَ يَدْعُو اللَّهَ أَنْ يَرْزُقَهُ لَا يَخْرُجُ وَ لَا يَطْلُبُ مِنْ فَضْلِ اللَّهِ كَمَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ هَذَا يَقُولُ اللَّهُ لَهُ عَبْدِي إِنِّي لَمْ أَحْظُرْ عَلَيْكَ الدُّنْيَا وَ لَمْ أَرْمِكَ فِي جَوَارِحِكَ وَ أَرْضِي وَاسِعَةٌ أَ فَلَا تَخْرُجُ وَ تَطْلُبُ الرِّزْقَ فَإِنْ حَرَمْتُكَ عَذَرْتُكَ وَ إِنْ رَزَقْتُكَ فَهُوَ الَّذِي تُرِيدُ.
And a man sitting in his house and he supplicates to Allah-azwj to Grace him. He neither goes out nor seeks from the Grace of Allah-azwj just as Allah-azwj has Commanded him to. This one, Allah-azwj Says to him: “My-azwj servant! Surely, I-azwj did not Caution of the world upon you, and did not Afflict you in your limps, and My-azwj earth is vast. Why did you not go out and seek the sustenance. If I-azwj Deprive you, I-azwj would Excuse you, and If I-azwj Grace you, it is which you want!”’[260]
4- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بِلَالٍ الْمُهَلَّبِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَسَدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي سَيْفٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُبَابٍ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ وَ عُمَارَةَ أَنَّ طَائِفَةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع مَشَوْا إِلَيْهِ عِنْدَ تَفَرُّقِ النَّاسِ عَنْهُ وَ فِرَارِ كَثِيرٍ مِنْهُمْ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ طَلَباً لَمَا فِي يَدَيْهِ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the Sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Ali Bin Bilal Al Muhally, from Ali Bin Abdullah Bin Asad, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Al Saqafy, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Usman, from Ali Bin Abu Sayf, from Ali Bin Hubab, from Rabie and Umarah,
‘A group from the companions of Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws walked to him‑asws at the dispersal of the people away from him-asws and fleeing by many of them to Muawiya seeking what world was in his hands.
فَقَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَعْطِ هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَمْوَالَ وَ فَضِّلْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَشْرَافَ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَ قُرَيْشٍ عَلَى الْمَوَالِي وَ الْعَجَمِ وَ مَنْ تَخَافُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَ فِرَارُهُ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ
They said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! Give them wealth and prefer these nobles of the Arabs and Quraysh over the slave and the non-Arabs, and the ones from the people you-asws fear upon him and his fleeing to Muawiya!’
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَ تَأْمُرُونِّي أَنْ أَطْلُبَ النَّصْرَ بِالْجَوْرِ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَفْعَلُ مَا طَلَعَتْ شَمْسٌ وَ لَاحَ فِي السَّمَاءِ نَجْمٌ وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ كَانَ مَالُهُمْ لِي لَوَاسَيْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ كَيْفَ وَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ أَمْوَالُهُمْ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said to them: ‘Are you instructing me-asws to seek the victory through tyranny? No, by Allah-azwj! I-asws will not do for as long as the sun rises and the stars are shining in the sky! By Allah-azwj! If their wealth was mine, I-asws would have equalised between them, and how, and rather it (public treasury) is their wealth!’
قَالَ ثُمَّ أَتَمَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع طَوِيلًا سَاكِتاً ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَإِيَّاهُ وَ الْفَسَادَ فَإِنَّ إِعْطَاءَ الْمَالِ فِي غَيْرِ حَقِّهِ تَبْذِيرٌ وَ إِسْرَافٌ وَ هُوَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ ذِكْراً لِصَاحِبِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَهُوَ تَضْيِيعُهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ
He (the narrator) said, ‘Then Amir Al-Momineen stayed silent for a long while, then said: ‘One who has wealth for him, he should beware of the corruption (mischief), for giving the wealth in other than its right is wasteful and extravagance, and it, and even though it would be a mention (reputation) for its owner in the world, it is a wastage in the Presence of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
وَ لَمْ يَضَعْ رَجُلٌ مَالَهُ فِي غَيْرِ حَقِّهِ وَ عِنْدَ غَيْرِ أَهْلِهِ إِلَّا حَرَمَهُ اللَّهُ شُكْرَهُمْ وَ كَانَ لِغَيْرِهِمْ وُدُّهُ فَإِنْ بَقِيَ مَعَهُ مَنْ يَوَدُّهُ وَ يُظْهِرُ لَهُ الشُّكْرَ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مَلَقٌ بِكَذِبٍ يُرِيدُ التَّقَرُّبَ بِهِ إِلَيْهِ لِيَنَالَ مِنْهُ مِثْلَ الَّذِي كَانَ يَأْتِي إِلَيْهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَإِنْ زَلَّتْ بِصَاحِبِهِ النَّعْلُ فَاحْتَاجَ إِلَى مَعُونَتِهِ أَوْ مُكَافَاتِهِ فَشَرُّ خَلِيلٍ وَ أَلْأَمُ خَدِينٍ
And a man will not place his wealth in other than its right and with other than its rightful one except Allah-azwj would Deprive him of their appreciation, and for others would be his affection would be for others. If there remains someone who is affectionate to him and reveals the appreciation to him, rather it is superficial with lying. He is intending to draw closer to him by it in order to attain from him similar to which he used to give him from before. Even if the slipper of his companion slips and he is needy to his assistance or reciprocation, he would be an evil friend and lowest of companions.
وَ مَنْ صَنَعَ الْمَعْرُوفَ فِيمَا أَتَاهُ فَلْيَصِلْ بِهِ الْقَرَابَةَ وَ لْيُحْسِنْ فِيهِ الضِّيَافَةَ وَ لْيَفُكَّ بِهِ الْعَانِيَ وَ لْيُعِنْ بِهِ الْغَارِمَ وَ ابْنَ السَّبِيلِ وَ الْفُقَرَاءَ وَ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ لْيَصْبِرْ نَفْسَهُ عَلَى النَّوَائِبِ وَ الْحُقُوقِ فَإِنَّ الْفَوْزَ بِهَذِهِ الْخِصَالِ شَرَفُ مَكَارِمِ الدُّنْيَا وَ دَرْكُ فَضَائِلِ الْآخِرَةِ.
And one who does an act of kindness in what he has been Given, let him connect the kindred with it and let him be an excellent host in it, and let him relieve the distressed with it, and let him assist the indebted with it, and the poor, and the fighters in the way of Allah-azwj, and let him be patient upon the adversities and the rights, for the success is in these characteristics, nobility of the manners in the world and achieving the merits of the Hereafter’’.[261]
5- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ مَعاً عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: أَرْبَعٌ لَا يَجُزْنَ فِي أَرْبَعَةٍ الْخِيَانَةُ وَ الْغُلُولُ وَ السَّرِقَةُ وَ الرِّبَا لَا تَجُوزُ فِي حَجٍّ وَ لَا عُمْرَةٍ وَ لَا جِهَادٍ وَ لَا صَدَقَةٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, and Al Bazanty, both together from Aban Bin Usman,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Four are not allowed in four – the betrayal, and the embezzlement, and the theft, and the pretence are not allowed in Hajj, nor an Umrah, nor Jihad, nor charity’’.[262]
6- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ صَبِيحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ وَ عِنْدَهُ جَفْنَةٌ مِنْ رُطَبٍ فَجَاءَ سَائِلٌ فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ سَائِلٌ آخَرُ فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ آخَرُ فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ آخَرُ فَقَالَ وَسَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Al Bazanty, from Abdullah Bin Sinan, from Al Waleed Bin Sabeeh,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘I was in his-asws presence and with him-asws was a pot of dates. A beggar came, so he-asws gave him. Then another beggar came, so he-asws gave him. Then another came, so he-asws gave him. Then another came, so he-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj be Capacious upon you!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَجُلًا لَوْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ يَبْلُغُ ثَلَاثِينَ أَوْ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفاً ثُمَّ شَاءَ أَنْ لَا يَبْقَى مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا قَسَمَهُ فِي حَقٍّ فَعَلَ فَيَبْقَى لَا مَالَ لَهُ فَيَكُونُ مِنَ الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ يُرَدُّ دُعَاؤُهُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ
Then he-asws said: ‘If a man were to have wealth reaching thirty or forty thousand, then he desires that nothing from it should remain except he would distribute it in a right, so he does and there does not remain any wealth for him, he would be from the three, those whose supplications are rejected upon them’’.
قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَنْ هُمْ
He (the narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Who are they?’
قَالَ رَجُلٌ رَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ مَالًا فَأَنْفَقَهُ فِي وُجُوهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ ارْزُقْنِي وَ رَجُلٌ دَعَا عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ وَ هُوَ ظَالِمٌ لَهَا فَيُقَالُ لَهُ أَ لَمْ أَجْعَلْ أَمْرَهَا بِيَدِكَ وَ رَجُلٌ جَلَسَ فِي بَيْتِهِ وَ تَرَكَ الطَّلَبَ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ ارْزُقْنِي فَيَقُولُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَ لَمْ أَجْعَلْ لَكَ السَّبِيلَ إِلَى الطَّلَبِ لِلرِّزْقِ.
He-asws said: ‘A man Allah-azwj Graces him wealth so he spends it in its aspects, then said, ‘O Lord-azwj! Grace me!’ And a man supplicates against his wife, and he has been unjust to her. He-azwj Says to him: “Did I-azwj not Make her matter (divorce) in hands?”’ And a man who sits in his house and neglects the seeking. Then he says, ‘O Lord-azwj, Grace me!’ The Mighty and Majestic Says to him: “Did I-azwj not Make the way for you to the seeking of the sustenance?” [263]
7- ف، تحف العقول عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع فِي بَيَانِ وُجُوهِ إِخْرَاجِ الْأَمْوَالِ وَ إِنْفَاقِهَا قَالَ وَ أَمَّا الْوُجُوهُ الَّتِي فِيهَا إِخْرَاجُ الْأَمْوَالِ فِي جَمِيعِ وُجُوهِ الْحَلَالِ الْمُفْتَرَضِ عَلَيْهِمْ
(The book) ‘Tuhaf Al Uqoul’ –
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws in explanation of aspects of extraction of the wealth and spending it, said: ‘And as for the aspects in which is extraction of the wealth in entirety of the Permissible aspects, the obligatory upon them.
وَ وُجُوهِ النَّوَافِلِ كُلِّهَا فَأَرْبَعَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ وَجْهاً مِنْهَا سَبْعَةُ وُجُوهٍ عَلَى خَاصَّةِ نَفْسِهِ وَ خَمْسَةُ وُجُوهٍ عَلَى مَنْ يَلْزَمُهُ نَفْسُهُ وَ ثَلَاثَةُ وُجُوهٍ مِمَّا يَلْزَمُهُ فِيهَا مِنْ وُجُوهِ الدَّيْنِ وَ خَمْسَةُ وُجُوهٍ مِمَّا يَلْزَمُهُ فِيهَا مِنْ وُجُوهِ الصِّلَاتِ وَ أَرْبَعَةُ أَوْجُهٍ مِمَّا يَلْزَمُهُ فِيهَا النَّفَقَةُ مِنْ وُجُوهِ اصْطِنَاعِ الْمَعْرُوفِ
And the optional aspects, all of these are twenty-four aspects. From these seven are based upon one’s personal self, and five aspects are upon the one necessitates himself, and three aspects are from that from what necessitates in it aspects of the debt, and five aspects are from the necessitates in it from aspects of the connection, and four aspects are from what necessitates in it from aspects of the dealing of kindness.
فَأَمَّا الْوُجُوهُ الَّتِي يَلْزَمُهُ فِيهَا النَّفَقَةُ عَلَى خَاصَّةِ نَفْسِهِ فَهِيَ مَطْعَمُهُ وَ مَشْرَبُهُ وَ مَلْبَسُهُ وَ مَنْكَحُهُ وَ مَخْدَمُهُ وَ عَطَاؤُهُ فِيمَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْإِجْرَاءِ عَلَى مَرَمَّةِ مَتَاعِهِ أَوْ حَمْلِهِ أَوْ حِفْظِهِ وَ مَعْنَى مَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ فَبَيِّنٌ نَحْوُ مَنْزِلِهِ أَوْ آلَةٍ مِنَ الْآلَاتِ يَسْتَعِينُ بِهَا عَلَى حَوَائِجِهِ
As for the aspect in which the spending is necessitated upon especially the self, it is food, and drink, and clothing, and marriage, and servants, and his giving in what is needed to it, from the extraction upon repairing the belongings, or his transport, or his protection, and the meaning of ‘what is needed to’, it is clearly about his dwelling, or his equipment from the equipment’s he is assisted by it upon his needs.
وَ أَمَّا الْوُجُوهُ الْخَمْسُ الَّتِي يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ النَّفَقَةُ لِمَنْ يَلْزَمُهُ نَفْسُهُ فَعَلَى وَلَدِهِ وَ وَالِدَيْهِ وَ امْرَأَتِهِ وَ مَمْلُوكِهِ لَازِمٌ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فِي حَالِ الْعُسْرِ وَ الْيُسْرِ
And as for the five aspects which the spending is obligated upon for the one necessitating himself, it is upon his children, and his parents, and his wife, and his slaves. That is necessary for him in the state of difficulty and the ease.
وَ أَمَّا الْوُجُوهُ الثَّلَاثُ الْمَفْرُوضَةُ مِنْ وُجُوهِ الدَّيْنِ فَالزَّكَاةُ الْمَفْرُوضَةُ الْوَاجِبَةُ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ وَ الْحَجُّ الْمَفْرُوضُ وَ الْجِهَادُ فِي إِبَّانِهِ وَ زَمَانِهِ
And as for the three aspects, obligated from the aspects of debt, it is the Imposed Zakat, the obligatory during every year, and the Obligatory Hajj, and the Jihad in its place and time.
وَ أَمَّا الْوُجُوهُ الْخَمْسُ مِنْ وُجُوهِ الصِّلَاتِ النَّوَافِلِ فَصِلَةُ مَنْ فَوْقَهُ وَ صِلَةُ الْقَرَابَةِ وَ صِلَةُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ التَّنَفُّلُ فِي وُجُوهِ الصَّدَقَةِ وَ الْبِرِّ وَ الْعِتْقُ
And as for the five aspects of the connections, the optional – connecting the ones above him (parents), and connecting the kindred, and connecting the Momineen, and the optional in aspects of the charity, and the righteousness, and the liberation (of slaves).
وَ أَمَّا الْوُجُوهُ الْأَرْبَعُ فَقَضَاءُ الدَّيْنِ وَ الْعَارِيَّةُ وَ الْقَرْضُ وَ إِقْرَاءُ الضَّيْفِ وَاجِبَاتٌ فِي السُّنَّةِ.
And as for the four aspects, paying off the debts, and providing the needy, and the lending, and hosting the guest, are obligatory in the Sunnah’’.[264]
8- سن، المحاسن عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ الْكُوفِيُّ عَنْ مُيَسِّرِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يُعْرَفُ مَنْ يَصِفُ الْحَقَّ بِثَلَاثِ خِصَالٍ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ مَنْ هُمْ وَ إِلَى صَلَاتِهِ كَيْفَ هِيَ وَ فِي أَيِّ وَقْتٍ يُصَلِّيهَا فَإِنْ كَانَ ذَا مَالٍ نُظِرَ أَيْنَ يَضَعُ مَالَهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – Abdul Rahman Bin Hammad Al Kufi, from Muyassir Bin Saeed Al Jowhary, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The one who describes the truth is known by three characteristics – look at his companion who they are and to his Salat how it is and in which time does he pray it. If he was with wealth, look at where he is placing his wealth’’.[265]
9- سر، السرائر مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ عَنِ الْعَبْدِ الصَّالِحِ ع قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لَا تَصْلُحُ الصَّنِيعَةُ إِلَّا عِنْدَ ذِي حَسَبٍ أَوْ دِينٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – Musa Bin Bakr,
‘From Al-Abd Al-Salih (Musa Al-Kazim-asws) having said: ‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘The goodly dealing is not correct except with the one with affiliation or religion’’.[266]
10- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ لا تَيَمَّمُوا الْخَبِيثَ مِنْهُ تُنْفِقُونَ قَالَ كَانَتْ بَقَايَا فِي أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ أَصَابُوهَا مِنَ الرِّبَا وَ مِنَ الْمَكَاسِبِ الْخَبِيثَةِ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَكَانَ أَحَدُهُمْ يَتَيَمَّمُهَا فَيُنْفِقُهَا وَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِهَا فَنَهَاهُمُ اللَّهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws regarding Words of Allah-azwj: and do not be aiming the bad to be spending from it, [2:267]. He-asws said:‘There were remainders in wealth of the people they had attained from the interest and from the wicked earnings before that. So, one of them would aim for it and spend it and give in charity with it. Allah-azwj Prohibited from that’’.[267]
11- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ وَ لا تَيَمَّمُوا الْخَبِيثَ مِنْهُ تُنْفِقُونَ قَالَ كَانَ النَّاسُ حِينَ أَسْلَمُوا عِنْدَهُمْ مَكَاسِبُ مِنَ الرِّبَا وَ مِنْ أَمْوَالٍ خَبِيثَةٍ فَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَتَعَمَّدُهَا مِنْ بَيْنِ مَالِهِ فَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِهَا فَنَهَاهُمُ اللَّهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَ إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لَا تَصْلُحُ إِلَّا مِنْ كَسْبٍ طَيِّبٍ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abu Al Sabbah,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I asked him-asws about Words of Allah-azwj: and do not be aiming the bad to be spending from it, [2:267]. He-asws said: ‘When the people became Muslims there were earnings in their possession, from the interest and from wicked wealth. The man would deliberate from between his wealth and give in charity with it, so Allah-azwj Prohibited them from that, and that the Charity is not correct except from good (money)’’.[268]
12- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حَمَّادٍ اللَّحَّامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَنْفَقَ مَا فِي يَدَيْهِ فِي سَبِيلٍ مِنْ سُبُلِ اللَّهِ مَا كَانَ أَحْسَنَ وَ لَا وُفِّقَ لَهُ أَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ وَ لا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ وَ أَحْسِنُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُحْسِنِينَ يَعْنِي الْمُقْتَصِدِينَ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Hammad Al Lahaam,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, He-asws said: ‘If a man were to spend whatever is in his hand in a way from the Ways of Allah-azwj, it would not be good nor would it be proper for him. Isn’t Allah‑azwj Saying: And spend in the Way of Allah and cast not yourselves to destruction with your own hands, and do good; surely Allah Loves those who do favours [2:195] – meaning the moderate ones’’.[269]
13- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ قَالَ: وَ لا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ قَالَ هَذَا فِي النَّفَقَةِ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Huzeyfa who said,
‘and cast not yourselves to destruction with your own hands, [2:195], he-asws said: ‘This is regarding the spending’’.[270]
14- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ مِمَّا رَزَقْناهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ قَالَ الْإِمَامُ ع يَعْنِي وَ مِمَّا رَزَقْناهُمْ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَ الْقُوَى فِي الْأَبْدَانِ وَ الْجَاهِ وَ الْمِقْدَارِ
Tafseer of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) – and from what We have Graced them, they are spending [2:3]. The Imam–asws said: ‘It means, from what We have Graced them, from the wealth and the strength in the bodies, and the power and the amount.
يُنْفِقُونَ يُؤَدُّونَ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ الزَّكَوَاتِ وَ يَجُودُونَ بِالصَّدَقَاتِ وَ يَحْتَمِلُونَ الْكَلَّ وَ يُؤَدُّونَ الْحُقُوقَ اللَّازِمَاتِ كَالنَّفَقَةِ فِي الْجِهَادِ إِذَا لَزِمَ وَ إِذَا اسْتُحِبَّ وَ كَسَائِرِ النَّفَقَاتِ الْوَاجِبَاتِ عَلَى الْأَهْلِينَ وَ ذَوِي الْأَرْحَامِ الْقَرِيبَاتِ وَ الْآبَاءِ وَ الْأُمَّهَاتِ وَ كَالنَّفَقَاتِ الْمُسْتَحَبَّاتِ عَلَى مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فَرْضاً عَلَيْهِمُ النَّفَقَةُ مِنْ سَائِرِ الْقَرَابَاتِ وَ كَالْمَعْرُوفِ بِالْإِسْعَافِ وَ الْقَرْضِ وَ الْأَخْذِ بِأَيْدِي الضُّعَفَاءِ وَ الضَّعِيفَاتِ
They are spending – They are paying the Zakat from their wealth, and they are being generous with the charities, and they are enduring the opening of the palms to be paying the necessitated Obligations – like the spending regarding the Jihad when it is necessary and when it is recommended, and like the rest of the spending Obligated upon its deserving ones – the ones with relationships, and the fathers and the mothers, and like the recommended spending upon the ones it is not Obligated to be spending upon, from the rest of the relatives, and like the goodness with the relief and the loans, and the holding the hand of the weak men and weak women.
وَ يُؤَدُّونَ مِنْ قُوَى الْأَبْدَانِ الْمَعُونَاتِ كَالرَّجُلِ يَقُودُ ضَرِيراً وَ يُنَّجِيهِ مِنْ مَهْلَكَةٍ وَ يُعِينُ مُسَافِراً أَوْ غَيْرَ مُسَافِرٍ عَلَى حَمْلِ مَتَاعٍ عَلَى دَابَّةٍ قَدْ سَقَطَ عَنْهَا أَوْ كَدَفْعٍ عَنْ مَظْلُومٍ قَدْ قَصَدَهُ ظَالِمٌ بِالضَّرْبِ أَوْ بِالْأَذَى
And they are exerting from the strength of their bodies, the assistance – like the man who guides a blind and rescues him from the destruction, or he sees a traveller or other than a traveller, upon carrying the belongings which were upon an animal, having fallen off from it, or like the defending of an oppressed whom an oppressor, had aimed for with a strike or some harm.
وَ يُؤَدُّونَ الْحُقُوقَ مِنَ الْجَاهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْفَعُوا بِهِ عَنْ عِرْضِ مَنْ يُظْلَمُ بِالْوَقِيعَةِ فِيهِ أَوْ يَطْلُبُوا حَاجَةً بِجَاهِهِمْ لِمَنْ قَدْ عَجَزَ عَنْهَا بِمِقْدَارِهِ فَكُلُّ هَذَا إِنْفَاقٌ مِمَّا رَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى.
And they are paying the rights from the power (influence) by defending with it from an injustice by driving a wedge in it, or (helping someone) seeking a need who was frustrated from it, by (using) his power (influence). So, all this is spending from what Allah-azwj the Exalted has Graced’’.[271]
15- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ عَجْلَانَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَجَاءَهُ سَائِلٌ فَقَامَ إِلَى مِكْتَلٍ فِيهِ تَمْرٌ فَمَلَأَ يَدَهُ ثُمَّ نَاوَلَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ آخَرُ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَامَ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ فَنَاوَلَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ آخَرُ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ رَزَقَنَا اللَّهُ وَ إِيَّاكَ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Ajlaan who said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Abdullah-asws. A beggar came to him-asws. He-asws stood up to a container having dates in it. He-asws filled his-asws hand, then gave it to him. Then another came. He begged him-asws. He-asws stood up and took with his-asws hand and gave it to him. Then another came. He begged. He-asws said: ‘May Allah-azwj Grace us-asws and you!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ لَا يَسْأَلُهُ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا شَيْئاً إِلَّا أَعْطَاهُ
Then he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was such, no one asked for anything from the world except he-saww gave him’.
قَالَ فَأَرْسَلَتِ امْرَأَةٌ ابْناً لَهَا فَقَالَتِ انْطَلِقْ إِلَيْهِ فَسَلْهُ فَإِنْ قَالَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَنَا شَيْءٌ فَقُلْ فَأَعْطِنِي قَمِيصَك
He-asws said: ‘A woman sent a son of her. She said, ‘Go to him-asws and ask him-saww. If he-saww says: ‘There isn’t anything in our-saww possession’, say, ‘Then give me your-saww shirt’.
فَأَتَاهُ الْغُلَامُ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص لَيْسَ عِنْدَنَا شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ فَأَعْطِنِي قَمِيصَكَ فَأَخَذَ قَمِيصَهُ فَرَمَى بِهِ
The boy came to him-saww. He asked him-saww. The Prophet-saww said: ‘There isn’t anything in our-saww possession’. He said, ‘Then give me your-saww shirt!’ He-saww took off his-saww shirt and threw it (to him).
فَأَدَّبَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْقَصْدِ فَقَالَ وَ لا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلى عُنُقِكَ وَ لا تَبْسُطْها كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُوماً مَحْسُوراً.
Allah-azwj Educated him-saww to be upon the moderation. He-azwj Said: And do not make your hand to be shackled to your neck nor extend it with every extension for you will sit back blamed, insolvent [17:29]’’.[272]
16- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ لا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلى عُنُقِكَ قَالَ فَضَمَّ يَدَهُ وَ قَالَ هَكَذَا وَ لا تَبْسُطْها كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ وَ بَسَطَ رَاحَتَهُ وَ قَالَ هَكَذَا.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Ibn Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding His-azwj Words: And do not make your hand to be shackled to your neck [17:29]. He (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws pressed his-asws hand and said, ‘Like this!’ – nor extend it with every extension [17:29] – and he-asws extended his-asws hand and said: ‘Like this!’’[273]
17- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ لا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلى عُنُقِكَ وَ لا تَبْسُطْها كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُوماً مَحْسُوراً قَالَ الْإِحْسَارُ الْإِقْتَارُ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Muhammad Bin Yazeed,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: And do not make your hand to be shackled to your neck nor extend it with every extension for you will sit back blamed, insolvent [17:29]. He-asws said: ‘The ‘insolvent’ is the ‘destitution’’.[274]
باب 19 كراهية رد السائل و فضل إطعامه و سقيه و فضل صدقة الماء
CHAPTER 19 – ABHORRENCE OF RETURNING THE BEGGAR, AND MERIT OF FEEDING HIM AND QUENCHING, AND MERIT OF CHARITY OF THE WATER
الآيات الإسراء وَ إِمَّا تُعْرِضَنَّ عَنْهُمُ ابْتِغاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ تَرْجُوها فَقُلْ لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَيْسُوراً.
The Verses – (Surah) Al Isra’a: And if you turn from them seeking Mercy from your Lord which you hope for, then speak to them gentle words [17:28].
1 مكا، مكارم الأخلاق عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يُحِبُّ إِبْرَادَ الْكَبِدِ الحراء [الْحَرَّى] وَ مَنْ سَقَى كَبِداً حراء [حَرَّى] مِنْ بَهِيمَةٍ وَ غَيْرِهَا أَظَلَّهُ اللَّهُ فِي عَرْشِهِ يَوْمَ لَا ظِلَّ إِلَّا ظِلُّهُ.
(The book) ‘Makarim Al Akhlaaq’ –
‘From Al-Baqir-asws: ‘Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted Loves cooling the hot liver, and one who quenches a hot liver of an animal and others, Allah-azwj will Shade him in His-azwj Throne on a Day there will not be any shade except His-azwj Shade’’.[275]
6 وَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع مَنْ سَقَى الْمَاءَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ يُوجَدُ فِيهِ الْمَاءُ كَانَ كَمَنْ أَعْتَقَ رَقَبَةً وَ مَنْ سَقَى الْمَاءَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ لَا يُوجَدُ فِيهِ الْمَاءُ كَانَ كَمَنْ أَحْيَا نَفْساً وَ مَنْ أَحْيَا نَفْساً فَكَأَنَّما أَحْيَا النَّاسَ جَمِيعاً.
And from Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘One who quenches the water in in a place wherein water is found to be, he would be like the one who has liberated a neck (slave), and one who quenches the water in a place wherein water cannot be found would be like the one who revives a soul, and one who revives a soul, and the one who revives it (a person), so it would be as if he has revived the entirety of the people. [5:32]’’.[276]
2- جع، جامع الأخبار قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِلسَّائِلِ حَقٌّ وَ إِنْ جَاءَ عَلَى الْفَرَسِ.
(The book) ‘Jamie Al Akhbaar’ –
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘For the beggar there is a right, and even if he comes upon the horse’’.[277]
وَ قَالَ ص لَا تَرُدُّوا السَّائِلَ وَ لَوْ بِظِلْفٍ مُحْتَرِقٍ.
And he-saww said: ‘Do not return the beggar and even if with a burning hoof’’.[278]
وَ قَالَ ص لَا تَرُدُّوا السَّائِلَ وَ لَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ.
And he-saww said: ‘Do not return the beggar, and even with part of a date’’.[279]
وَ قَالَ ص لَوْ لَا أَنَّ السُّؤَّالَ يَكْذِبُونَ مَا قُدِّسَ مَنْ رَدَّهُمْ.
And he-saww said: ‘Had it not been that the beggars are lying, the one who returns them would not be sanctified’’.[280]
3- محص، التمحيص عَنْ أَبِي جَرِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: الْفَقِيرُ هَدِيَّةُ اللَّهِ إِلَى الْغَنِيِّ فَإِنْ قَضَى حَاجَتَهُ فَقَدْ قَبِلَ هَدِيَّةَ اللَّهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَقْضِ حَاجَتَهُ فَقَدْ رَدَّ هَدِيَّةَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Tamhees’ – From Abu Jareer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The poor is a gift of Allah-azwj to the rich. If he fulfils his need, so he has accepted the gift of Allah-azwj, and if he does not fulfil his need, so he has rejected a gift of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, to him’’.[281]
4- نَوَادِرُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى الْكَاظِمِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا طَرَقَكُمْ سَائِلٌ ذَكَرَ اللَّهَ فَلَا تَرُدُّوهُ.
(The book) ‘Nawadir’ of Al Rawandy –
‘By his chain to Al-Kazim-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When a beggar comes knocking, remember Allah-azwj and do not return him’’.[282]
وَ قَالَ: لَا تَقْطَعُوا عَلَى السَّائِلِ مَسْأَلَتَهُ وَ دَعُوهُ يَشْكُو بَثَّهُ وَ يُخْبِرُ بِحَالِهِ.
And he-asws said: ‘Do not cut off the beggar of his request, and leave him to complain of his need and inform his situation’’.[283]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَوْ لَا أَنَّ الْمَسَاكِينَ يَكْذِبُونَ مَا أَفْلَحَ مَنْ رَدَّهُمْ.
And by this chain, he-asws said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Had it not been that the needy ones are lying, the one rejecting them would not have succeeded’’.[284]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص انْظُرُوا إِلَى السَّائِلِ فَإِنْ رَقَّتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ لَهُ فَأَعْطُوهُ فَإِنَّهُ صَادِقٌ.
And by this chain, he-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Look at the beggar. If your hearts soften for him, give him, for he is truthful’’.[285]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع لَا تَرُدُّوا السَّائِلَ وَ لَوْ بِظِلْفٍ مُحْتَرِقٍ.
And by this chain, he-asws said: ‘Ali-asws said: ‘Do not return the beggar, and even if it is with a burnt hoof (very little valued item)’’.[286]
5- مَجَالِسُ الشَّيْخِ، الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَهْبَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ حَيَّانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَفْصٍ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ خَلَّادٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ: كُنَّا جُلُوساً عِنْدَ جَعْفَرٍ ع فَجَاءَهُ سَائِلٌ فَأَعْطَاهُ دِرْهَماً ثُمَّ جَاءَ آخَرُ فَأَعْطَاهُ دِرْهَماً ثُمَّ جَاءَ آخَرُ فَأَعْطَاهُ دِرْهَماً ثُمَّ جَاءَ الرَّابِعُ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَرْزُقُكَ رَبُّكَ
(The book) ‘Majaalis’ of the sheykh – Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Wahban, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Hayyan, from Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn Bin Hafs, from Abbad Bin Yaqoub, from Khallad, from a man who said,
‘We were seated in the presence of Ja’far-asws. A beggar came, so he-asws gave him a Dirham. Then another came, so he-asws gave him a dirham. Then another came, so he-asws gave him a Dirham. Then the fourth came. He-asws said to him: ‘May your Lord-azwj Grace you!’
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا فَقَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ عِشْرُونَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُخْرِجَهَا فِي هَذَا الْوَجْهِ لَأَخْرَجَهَا ثُمَّ بَقِيَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ شَيْءٌ ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنَ الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ دَعَوْا فَلَمْ يُسْتَجَبْ لَهُمْ
Then he-asws turned towards us. He-asws said: ‘If one of you had twenty thousand Dirhams in his possession and he intends to extract it in this aspect, so he extracts it, then he remains with having nothing in his possession, then he would be from the three, those who supplicate but it is not Answered for them.
دَعْوَةٌ رَجُلٌ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ مَالًا فَمَزَّقَهُ وَ لَمْ يَحْفَظْهُ فَدَعَا اللَّهَ أَنْ يَرْزُقَهُ فَقَالَ أَ لَمْ أَرْزُقْكَ فَلَمْ يُسْتَجَبْ لَهُ دَعْوَةٌ وَ رُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ
Supplication of a man Allah-azwj had Given him wealth but Supplication by a man Allah-azwj had Granted wealth, but he squandered it and did not preserve it. He supplicates to Allah-azwj to Provide him, so Allah-azwj Says: “Did I-azwj not Provide you?” Thus, a supplication is not Answered for him and it rejected to him.
وَ رَجُلٌ جَلَسَ فِي بَيْتِهِ يَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَرْزُقَهُ قَالَ فَلَمْ أَجْعَلْ لَكَ إِلَى طَلَبِ الرِّزْقِ سَبِيلًا أَنْ تَسِيرَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ تَبْتَغِيَ مِنْ فَضْلِي فَرُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ دَعْوَتُهُ
And a man who sits in his house asking Allah-azwj to Provide him. He-azwj Says: “Did I-azwj not Make a way for you to seek the sustenance, that you should travel in the land and seek from My-azwj Grace?” Thus, his supplication is rejected to him.
وَ رَجُلٌ دَعَا عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ فَقَالَ أَ لَمْ أَجْعَلْ أَمْرَهَا فِي يَدِكَ فَرُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ دَعْوَتُهُ.
And a man who supplicates against his wife. He-azwj Says: “Did I-azwj not Make her matter (of divorce) to be in your hand?” Thus, his supplication is rejected to him’’.[287]
6- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ مَا تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تُعْتِقَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ رَقَبَةً
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy – Hanan Bin Sadeyr, from his father who said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘Are you incapable of liberating a neck (slave) every day?’
قَالَ لَا يَبْلُغُ مَالِي ذَلِكَ
He said, ‘My wealth does not reach that!’
قَالَ تُشْبِعُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مُؤْمِناً فَإِنَّ إِطْعَامَ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ عِتْقِ رَقَبَةٍ.
He-asws said: ‘Feed dinner to a Momin during every day, for feeding the Momin is better than freeing a slave’’.[288]
وَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ لِيَ النَّبِيُّ ص رَأَيْتُ فِيمَا يَرَى النَّائِمُ عَمِّي حَمْزَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَ أَخِي جَعْفَرَ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُمَا بِأَبِي أَنْتُمَا أَيَّ الْأَعْمَالِ وَجَدْتُمَا أَفْضَلَ
And from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘The Prophet-saww said to me: ‘I-saww saw in what the sleeping one sees, my-saww uncle Hamza‑asws Bin Abdul Muttalib-asws, and my-saww brother Ja’far-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. I-saww said to them: ‘By my-saww father-as! By which deeds did you-as both find as being superior?’
قَالا فَدَيْنَاكَ بِالْآبَاءِ وَ الْأُمَّهَاتِ وَجَدْنَا أَفْضَلَ الْأَعْمَالِ الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيْكَ وَ سَقْيَ الْمَاءِ وَ حُبَّ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
They said, ‘May our-as father and our mothers be sacrificed for you-saww! We found the most superior of the deed as being the Salawaat upon you-saww, and quenching the water, and love of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’’.[289]
7- نهج، نهج البلاغة قَالَ ع لَا تَسْتَحْيِ مِنْ إِعْطَاءِ الْقَلِيلِ فَإِنَّ الْحِرْمَانَ أَقَلُّ مِنْهُ.
(The book) ‘Nahj Al Balagah’ –
‘And he-asws said: ‘Do not be ashamed from giving the little, for the depriving (refusal) is lesser than that’’.[290]
وَ قَالَ ع إِنَّ الْمِسْكِينَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَمَنْ مَنَعَهُ فَقَدْ مَنَعَ اللَّهَ وَ مَنْ أَعْطَاهُ فَقَدْ أَعْطَى اللَّهَ.
And he-asws said: ‘The poor is a messenger of Allah-saww. The one who prevents him, prevents Allah-azwj, and one who gives him, so he has Given to Allah-azwj’’.[291]
8- عُدَّةُ الدَّاعِي، قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ ع مَنْ سَقَى ظمآنا [ظَمْآنَ] مَاءً سَقَاهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ الرَّحِيقِ الْمَخْتُومِ.
(The book) ‘Uddat Al Daie’ –
‘Al-Baqir-asws said: ‘One who quenches water to a thirsty one, Allah-azwj will Quench him from the Sealed Nectar’’.[292]
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع أَفْضَلُ الصَّدَقَةِ إِبْرَادُ الْكَبِدِ الْحَرَّى وَ مَنْ سَقَى كَبِداً حَرَّى مِنْ بَهِيمَةٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهَا أَظَلَّهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَوْمَ لَا ظِلَّ إِلَّا ظِلُّهُ.
And Al-Sadiq-asws: ‘The best charity is cooling the hot liver, and one who quenches a hot liver, from an animal or others, Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic will Shade him on a Day there will be no shade except His-azwj Shade’’.[293]
9- ب، قرب الإسناد ابْنُ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رُدُّوا السَّائِلَ بِبَذْلٍ يَسِيرٍ وَ بِلِينٍ وَ رَحْمَةٍ فَإِنَّهُ يَأْتِيكُمْ حَتَّى يَقِفَ عَلَى أَبْوَابِكُمْ مَنْ لَيْسَ بِإِنْسٍ وَ لَا جَانٍّ يَنْظُرُ كَيْفَ صَنِيعُكُمْ فِيمَا خَوَّلَكُمُ اللَّهُ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Ibn Tareyf, from Ibn Ulwan,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Return the beggar with a little provision, and with gentleness and Mercy, for he comes to you until he pauses at the door, someone who is neither from humans nor Jinn, looking at how you are dealing regarding what Allah-azwj has Bestowed you!’’[294]
10- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنِ الدِّهْقَانِ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ صَنَعَ مِثْلَ مَا صُنِعَ إِلَيْهِ فَإِنَّمَا كَافَى وَ مَنْ أَضْعَفَ كَانَ شَاكِراً وَ مَنْ شَكَرَ كَانَ كَرِيماً وَ مَنْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ مَا صَنَعَ إِلَيْهِ إِنَّمَا يَصْنَعُ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ لَمْ يَسْتَبْطِئِ النَّاسَ فِي شُكْرِهِمْ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَزِدْهُمْ فِي مَوَدَّتِهِمْ وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ الطَّالِبَ إِلَيْكَ الْحَاجَةَ لَمْ يُكْرِمْ وَجْهَهُ عَنْ وَجْهِكَ فَأَكْرِمْ وَجْهَكَ عَنْ رَدِّهِ.
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbar’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Yaqteeny, from Dorost, from Ibn Uzina,
‘From Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘One who does similar to what is done to him, rather he has reciprocated, and the one who gives more would be a grateful one, and one who thanks would be honourable, and one who knows that what is done to him, has been done to himself, would not delay in thanking the people, and will not seek an increase in their affection, and know that the seeker of the need to you, his face is not honourable from your face therefore honour your face in responding to him’’.[295]
11- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: مَنْ أَطْعَمَ مُؤْمِناً لُقْمَةً أَطْعَمَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ ثِمَارِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ مَنْ سَقَاهُ شَرْبَةً مِنْ مَاءٍ سَقَاهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ الرَّحِيقِ الْمَخْتُومِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – from Abu Qalada,
‘From the Prophet-saww having said: ‘One who feeds a morsel to a Momin, Allah-azwj will Feed him from the fruits of Paradise, and one who quenches him a drink of water Allah-azwj will Quench him from the Sealed Nectar’’.[296]
12- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي ابْنُ خُشَيْشٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: أَتَى رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ مَا عَمَلٌ إِنْ عَمِلْتُ بِهِ دَخَلْتُ الْجَنَّةَ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Ibn Khusheysh, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Aziz, from Yahya Bin Abdul Hameed, from Is’haq Bin Saeed, from his father, from Ibn Abbas who said,
‘A man came to the Prophet-saww. He said, ‘What deed, if I were to do it, I will enter the Paradise due to it?’
قَالَ اشْتَرِ سِقَاءً جَدِيداً ثُمَّ اسْقِ فِيهَا حَتَّى تَخْرِقَهَا فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَخْرِقُهَا حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ بِهَا عَمَلَ الْجَنَّةِ.
He-saww said: ‘Buy a watering jug, then water in it until it has holes in, for it will not have holed in it until you would have reached the deed of the Paradise with it’’.[297]
13- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا يُبْدَأُ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ صَدَقَةُ الْمَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Marouf, from Ibn Sinan, from Talha Bin Zayd,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘The first of what will be begun with on the Day of Qiyamah is charity of the water’’.[298]
14- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَصْرِيِّ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَعَلَ الْفَقْرَ أَمَانَةً عِنْدَ خَلْقِهِ فَمَنْ سَتَرَهُ كَانَ كَالصَّائِمِ الْقَائِمِ وَ مَنْ أَفْشَاهُ إِلَى مَنْ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى قَضَاءِ حَاجَتِهِ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْهُ فَقَدْ قَتَلَهُ أَمَا إِنَّهُ مَا قَتَلَهُ بِسَيْفٍ وَ لَا رُمْحٍ وَ لَكِنْ بِمَا أَنْكَى مِنْ قَلْبِهِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’- My father, from Ahmad Bin Idrees, from Al Ash’ary, from Ibn Yazeed, from Abdullah Al Basry, raising it to,
Abu Abdullah-asws said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Ali-asws! Allah-azwj has Made the poverty as an entrustment with His-azwj creatures. The one who covers it would be like the fasting one, the standing one (in Salat), and the one who exposes it to the one who is able upon fulfilling his need, but does not do so, so he has killed him. But, he has not killed him with a sword nor a spear, but with what pains his heart’’.[299]
15- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَاصِمٍ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا تَصَامَّتْ أُمَّتِي عَنْ سَائِلِهَا وَ مَشَتْ بِتَبَخْتُرٍ حَلَفَ رَبِّي جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ بِعِزَّتِهِ فَقَالَ وَ عِزَّتِي لَأُعَذِّبَنَّ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from Suleyman Bin Sama’at, from his uncle Aasim Al Kufy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When my‑saww community remains silent from its beggars and walk with a swagger, my-saww Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic Swears by His-azwj Might. He-azwj Says: “By My-azwj Might! I-azwj will Punish them with each other!”’[300]
16- ص، قصص الأنبياء عليهم السلام عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: كَانَ فِيمَا نَاجَى اللَّهُ بِهِ مُوسَى ع أَكْرِمِ السَّائِلَ إِذَا هُوَ أَتَاكَ بِشَيْءٍ بِبَذْلٍ يَسِيرٍ أَوْ بِرَدٍّ جَمِيلٍ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَتَاكَ مَنْ لَيْسَ بِجِنِّيٍّ وَ لَا إِنْسِيٍّ مَلَكٌ مِنْ مَلَائِكَةِ الرَّحْمَنِ لِيَبْلُوَكَ فِيمَا خَوَّلْتُكَ وَ يَسْأَلَكَ عَمَّا نَوَّلْتُكَ فَكَيْفَ أَنْتَ صَانِعٌ.
(The book) ‘Qasas Al-Anbiya-as’, may the greeting be upon them-asws – from Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘It was among what Allah-azwj Whispered with to Musa-saww: “Honour the beggar when he comes to you for something, with a small expenditure, or with a beautiful return, for there has come to you someone who is neither Jinn nor human, an Angel from Angles of the Beneficent in order to try you regarding what Allah-azwj has Entrusted you and about what He‑azwj has Bestowed you, how you are dealing’’.[301]
17- سر، السرائر مِنْ كِتَابِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ قُولَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يَا مُحَمَّدُ لَوْ يَعْلَمُ السَّائِلُ مَا فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ مَا سَأَلَ أَحَدٌ أَحَداً وَ لَوْ يَعْلَمُ الْمُعْطِي مَا فِي الْعَطِيَّةِ مَا رَدَّ أَحَدٌ أَحَداً.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – from the book of Abu Al Qasim Bin Qawlawayh, from Muhammad Bin Muslim who said,
‘Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘O Muhammad! Had the beggar known what is in the begging, no one who beg anyone, and had the giver known what is in the giving, no one would return anyone’’.[302]
18- سن، المحاسن ابْنُ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ تُضَاعَفُ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – Ibn Fazzal, from Al A’ala, and from Muhammad,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The charity on the day of Friday is multiplied’.
وَ كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يَتَصَدَّقُ بِدِينَارٍ.
And Abu Ja’far-asws used to give charity with a Dinar’’.[303]
19- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع الْفَجْرَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَدَعَا مَوْلَاةً لَهُ يُقَالُ لَهَا وَشِيكَةُ فَقَالَ لَا يَقِفَنَّ عَلَى بَابِيَ الْيَوْمَ سَائِلٌ إِلَّا أَعْطَيْتُمُوهُ فَإِنَّ الْيَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةُ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abu Hamza Al Sumali who said,
‘I prayed Al-Fajr Salat with Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws at Al-Medina during a day of Friday. He‑asws called a slave girl of his-asws called Washeyka. He-asws said: ‘No beggar should pause at my-asws door except you give him, for it is the day of Friday!’
فَقُلْتُ لَيْسَ كُلُّ مَنْ يَسْأَلُ مُحِقّاً جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ
I said, ‘Not every one who begs is deserving (to be given), may I be sacrificed for you-asws!’
فَقَالَ يَا ثَابِتُ أَخَافُ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَعْضُ مَنْ يَسْأَلُنَا مُحِقّاً فَلَا نُطْعِمَهُ وَ نَرُدَّهُ فَيَنْزِلَ بِنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ مَا نَزَلَ بِيَعْقُوبَ وَ آلِهِ أَطْعِمُوهُمْ أَطْعِمُوهُمْ.
He-asws said: ‘O Sabit! I-asws fear that it could be that the one who begs us-asws is deserving, so we-asws may not feed him and return him, and it would befall with us-asws, People-asws of the Household what had befallen Yaqoub and his-as Progeny-asws. Feed them! Feed them!’’[304]
باب 20 ثواب من دل على صدقة أو سعى بها إلى مسكين
CHAPTER 20 – REWARDS OF THE ONE WHO POINTS UPON A CHARITY OR STRIVES WITH IT TO A NEEDY ONE
1- ل، الخصال حَمْزَةُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: الدَّالُّ عَلَى الْخَيْرِ كَفَاعِلِهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Hamza Al Alawy, from Ali, from his father, from Ja’far Al Ash’ary, from Al Qaddah,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws, from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘The pointer upon the good (deed) is like its doer’’.[305]
2- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي سَمَّاكٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الْمُعْطُونَ ثَلَاثَةٌ اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَ صَاحِبُ الْمَالِ وَ الَّذِي يَجْرِي عَلَى يَدَيْهِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibrahim Bin Abu Sammak, from Ali Bin Shihab Bin Abdul Rabbih,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The givers are three – Allah-azwj Lord-azwj of the worlds, and owner of the wealth, and the one upon whose hands it flows’’.[306]
3- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: الْمُعْطُونَ ثَلَاثَةٌ اللَّهُ الْمُعْطِي وَ الْمُعْطِي مِنْ مَالِهِ وَ السَّاعِي فِي ذَلِكَ مُعْطٍ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Khalaf Bin Hammad, from Umar Bin Aban, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The givers are three – Allah-azwj is the Giver, and the one giving from his wealth, and the striver in that is a giver’’.[307]
4- ل، الخصال فِي خَبَرِ الْمَنَاهِي قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ مَشَى بِصَدَقَةٍ إِلَى مُحْتَاجٍ كَانَ لَهُ كَأَجْرِ صَاحِبِهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْقُصَ مِنْ أَجْرِهِ شَيْءٌ.
(The book) ‘Al-Khisaal’ – In a Hadeeth of the prohibitions, Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘One who walks with a charity to a needy one, for him would be like the Recompense of its owner, from without there being a reduction from his Recompense, of anything’’.[308]
5- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي نَهْشَلٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: لَوْ جَرَى الْمَعْرُوفُ عَلَى ثَمَانِينَ كَفّاً لَأُوجِرُوا كُلُّهُمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْقُصَ عَنْ صَاحِبِهِ مِنْ أَجْرِهِ شَيْئاً.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkil, from Al As’adabady, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Abu Nahshal, from the one who mentioned it,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Even if the act of kindness was to flow upon eight hands, all of them would be Rewarded from without there being any reduction from its owner, of anything from his Recompense’’.[309]
باب 21 آخر في أنواع الصدقة و أقسامها من صدقة الليل و النهار و السر و الجهار و غيرها و أفضل أنواع الصدقة
CHAPTER 21 – ANOTHER REGARDING THE TYPES OF CHARITIES, AND THEIR CATEGORIES, FROM CHARITY OF THE NIGHT, AND THE DAY, AND THE SECRET, AND THE OPEN, AND OTHER SUCH, AND THE SUPERIOR TYPES OF CHARITY
1- لي، الأمالي للصدوق مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ صَدَقَةَ النَّهَارِ تَمِيثُ الْخَطِيئَةَ كَمَا يَمِيثُ الْمَاءُ الْمِلْحَ وَ إِنَّ صَدَقَةَ اللَّيْلِ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – Majaylawiya, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Ibn Fazzal, from Abu Jameela, from Amro Bin Khalid,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Charity of the daytime dissolves the minor sins just as the water dissolves the salt, and charity at night time extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty’’.[310]
2- لي، الأمالي للصدوق أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ عَنْ مِسْمَعٍ أَبِي سَيَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ حِينَ يُصْبِحُ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَذْهَبَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ نَحْسَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of Al Sadouq – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ayoub Bin Nuh, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Bishr Bin Maslama, from Misma’a Abu Ayyar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who gives charity when it is morning, Allah-azwj will Keep away from him inauspiciousness of that day’’.[311]
3- ب، قرب الإسناد ابْنُ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا أَصْبَحْتَ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِصَدَقَةٍ تُذْهِبْ عَنْكَ نَحْسَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَ إِذَا أَمْسَيْتَ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِصَدَقَةٍ تُذْهِبْ عَنْكَ نَحْسَ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ.
(The book) ‘Qurb Al Isnaad’ – Ibn Tareyf, from Ibn Ulwan,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws father-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘When you come to a morning and give charity, the inauspiciousness of that day goes away from you, and when it is evening so you give charity, the inauspiciousness of that night goes away from you’’.[312]
4- ل، الخصال عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَكْثِرْ مِنْ صَدَقَةِ السِّرِّ فَإِنَّهَا تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – From Anas (well-known fabricator), said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Frequent from the secretive charity for it extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj, Majestic is His-azwj Majesty’’.[313]
5- ل، الخصال عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص سَبْعَةٌ فِي ظِلِّ عَرْشِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَوْمَ لَا ظِلَّ إِلَّا ظِلُّهُ إِمَامٌ عَادِلٌ وَ شَابٌّ نَشَأَ فِي عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رَجُلٌ تَصَدَّقَ بِيَمِينِهِ فَأَخْفَاهُ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ وَ رَجُلٌ ذَكَرَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَالِياً فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَاهُ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – From Ibn Abbas who said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Seven would be in the Shade of the Throne of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic on the Day there will be no shade except His-azwj Shade – a just Imam-asws, and a youth growing in worship of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic; and a man giving charity with his right hand and hides it from his left; and a man doing Zikr of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic in seclusion, so his tears flow from fear of Allah-azwj.
وَ رَجُلٌ لَقِيَ أَخَاهُ الْمُؤْمِنَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّكَ فِي اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ وَ فِي نِيَّتِهِ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْهِ وَ رَجُلٌ دَعَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ ذَاتَ جَمَالٍ إِلَى نَفْسِهَا فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَخافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعالَمِينَ.
And a man who meets his Momin brother so he says, ‘I love you for the Sake of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’; and a man who goes out from the Masjid and it is in his intention that he will be returning to it; and a man whom a woman with beauty invites him to herself, so he says, I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds [5:28]’’.[314]
6- ل، الخصال الْأَرْبَعُمِائَةِ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع تَصَدَّقُوا بِاللَّيْلِ فَإِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ بِاللَّيْلِ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – The Four Hundred (Ahadeeth),
‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Give charity at night for the charity at night extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj, Mighty is His-azwj Majesty’’.[315]
7- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام بِإِسْنَادِ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنِ الرِّضَا عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بَاكِرُوا بِالصَّدَقَةِ فَمَنْ بَاكَرَ بِهَا لَمْ يَتَخَطَّاهَا الْبَلَاءُ.
(The book) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – by the chain of Al-Tameemy, from Al-Reza-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘Be early morning with the charity, for the one who is early with it for the affliction will not surpass it’’.[316]
8- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنِ الْجِعَابِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُقْدَةَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَسِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بَكِّرُوا بِالصَّدَقَةِ فَإِنَّ الْبَلَاءَ لَا يَتَخَطَّاهَا.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ – of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Al Jiany, from Ibn Uqda, from Ahmad Bin Yahya, from Aseyd Bin Zayd, from Muhammad Bin Marwan,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Be early with the charity for the affliction will not surpass it’’.[317]
9- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْبَطَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَفْضَلُ مَا تَوَسَّلَ بِهِ الْمُتَوَسِّلُونَ الْإِيمَانُ بِاللَّهِ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَ صَدَقَةُ السِّرِّ فَإِنَّهَا تُذْهِبُ الْخَطِيئَةَ وَ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ وَ صَنَائِعُ الْمَعْرُوفِ فَإِنَّهَا تَدْفَعُ مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ وَ تَقِي مَصَارِعَ الْهَوَانِ.
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Al Mufeed, from Ahmad Bin Al Waleed, from his father, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Al Batainy, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Al-Baqir-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The best of what the mediation seekers can seek mediation with is the Eman with Allah-azwj’ – up to he-asws said: ‘And the secretive charity, for it removes the minor sins and extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj, and doing an act of kindness for it repels the evil death, and saves from being knocked down by the humiliation’’.[318]
10- مع، معاني الأخبار ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنِ الْبَطَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص صِلَةُ الرَّحِمِ تَزِيدُ فِي الْعُمُرِ وَ صَدَقَةُ السِّرِّ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِ.
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Abu Al Khattab, from Ibn Asbaat, from Al Batainy, from Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Connecting the kinship increases in the lifespan, and the secretive charity extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj’’.[319]
11- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص خَلَّتَانِ لَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يُشَارِكَنِي فِيهِمَا أَحَدٌ وُضُوئِي فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ صَلَاتِي وَ صَدَقَتِي فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ يَدِي إِلَى يَدِ السَّائِلِ فَإِنَّهَا تَقَعُ فِي يَدِ الرَّحْمَنِ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Ali, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws forefathers, from Ali-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Two mannerisms I-asws don’t like anyone to participate with me in these – my-asws Wud’u, for it is (part) of my-asws Salat; and my-asws charity from my-asws hand to a hand of the beggar, for it saves in the hand of the Beneficent’’.[320]
12- مع، معاني الأخبار ل، الخصال فِي خَبَرِ أَبِي ذَرٍّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ص أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ
(The books) ‘Ma’any Al-Akhbaar’, (and) ‘Al-Khisaal’ – In a Hadeeth by Abu Zarr-ra, he-ra asked the Prophet-saww, ‘Which charity is superior?’
قَالَ جُهْدٌ مِنْ مُقِلٍّ فِي فَقِيرٍ ذِي سِنٍ.
He-saww said: ‘The efforts of a poor regarding a poor one with old age’’.[321]
13- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي ابْنُ بُشْرَانَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَرَفَةَ عَنْ حَرِيزِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ الْقَعْقَاعِ عَنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Ibn Bushran, from Ismail Bin Muhammad Al Saffar, from Al-Hassan Bin Arafa, from Hareyz Bin Abdul Hameed, from Umarah Bin Al Qa’qa’a, from Abu Zur’ah, from Abu Hureyra (well-known fabricator), said,
‘Rasool-Allah-saww was asked, ‘Which charity is superior?’
قَالَ أَنْ تَصَدَّقَ وَ أَنْتَ صَحِيحٌ شَحِيحٌ تَأْمُلُ الْبَقَاءَ وَ تَخَافُ الْفَقْرَ وَ لَا تُمْهِلْ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَتِ الْحُلْقُومَ قُلْتُ لِفُلَانٍ كَذَا وَ لِفُلَانٍ كَذَا أَلَا وَ قَدْ كَانَ لِفُلَانٍ.
He-asws said: ‘Giving charity while you are healthy, stingy, hoping for the remaining, and fearing the poverty, and not delaying until when (soul) reaches the throats, so you would say, ‘For so and so is such (amount), and for so and so is such (amount)’. Indeed, and it would have always been for so and so!’’[322]
14- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَفْضَلُ الصَّدَقَةِ صَدَقَةٌ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkil, from Al Himeyri, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Muawiya Bin Wahb, from Abdul A’ala,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The superior charity is charity given from apparent riches’’.[323]
15- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from Al Bazanty, from Muhammad Bin Sama’at, from Abu Baseer,
‘From one of the two (5th or 5th Imam-asws), he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘Which charity is superior?’
قَالَ جُهْدُ الْمُقِلِّ أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ يُؤْثِرُونَ عَلى أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ لَوْ كانَ بِهِمْ خَصاصَةٌ تَرَى هَاهُنَا فَضْلًا.
He-asws said: ‘Efforts by a poor one. Have you not heard Words of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic: and they are preferring (others) over their own selves, and even though there was extreme poverty with them. [59:9]. You can see merit over here’’.[324]
16- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الصَّدَقَةُ بِالْيَدِ تَدْفَعُ مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ وَ تَدْفَعُ سَبْعِينَ نَوْعاً مِنْ أَنْوَاعِ الْبَلَاءِ وَ تُفَكُّ عَنْ لَحْيَيْ سَبْعِينَ شَيْطَاناً كُلُّهُمْ يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abdullah Bin Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The charity given by the hand repels the evil death, and repels seventy types from the types of afflictions, and is released from the jaws of seventy Satans-la instructing him not to do so’’.[325]
17- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Ali, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww was asked, ‘Which charity is superior?’
فَقَالَ عَلَى ذِي الرَّحِمِ الْكَاشِحِ.
He-saww said: ‘Upon the one with kinship having cut off ties’’.[326]
18- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِصَدَقَةٍ صَرَفَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ سَبْعِينَ نَوْعاً مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Yaqteeny, from Umar Bin Ibrahim, from Khalaf Bin Hammad, from the one who mentioned it,
From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘One who give charity in a month of Ramazan, Allah-azwj will Turn away from him seventy types of afflictions’’.[327]
19- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُذَافِرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَى مَنْ يَسْأَلُ عَلَى الْأَبْوَابِ أَوْ يُمْسِكُ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُمْ وَ يُعْطِيهِ ذَوِي قَرَابَتِهِ
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Bazie, from Muhammad Bin Uzafir, from Umar Bin Yazeed,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws was asked about the charity given to the one who begs at the doors, or whether he should withhold that from them and (instead) give it to the of his kinship.
فَقَالَ لَا بَلْ يَبْعَثُ بِهَا إِلَى مَنْ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ فَهُوَ أَعْظَمُ لِلْأَجْرِ.
He-asws said: ‘No, but he should send it to the one having kinship between him and him, for it is mightier Recompense’’.[328]
20- ثو، ثواب الأعمال بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع قَالَ: صَدَقَةُ الْعَلَانِيَةِ تَدْفَعُ سَبْعِينَ نَوْعاً مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ وَ صَدَقَةُ السِّرِّ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – By this chain, from Umar Bin Yazeed,
‘From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The charity given in the open repels seventy types of the affliction, and charity given in secret extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj’’.[329]
21- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ لَمْ يَرُدَّ سَائِلًا.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from his father, from Safwan, from Ibn Muskan, from Abdullah Bin Suleyman who said,
‘It was so that whenever Abu Ja’far-asws it was the day of Arafah, he-asws would not return a beggar’’.[330]
22- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: الْخَيْرُ وَ الشَّرُّ يُضَاعَفُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkil, from Al Asadabady, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Al Nazr, from Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘The good and the evil are doubled on the day of Friday’’.[331]
23- ثو، ثواب الأعمال ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ عَنِ السَّعْدَآبَادِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ: أَتَى سَائِلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَشِيَّةَ الْخَمِيسِ فَسَأَلَهُ فَرَدَّهُ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى جُلَسَائِهِ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّ عِنْدَنَا مَا نَتَصَدَّقُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَكِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ تُضَاعَفُ أَضْعَافاً.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Ibn Al Mutawakkil, from Al Sa’dabady, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Sa’dan, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,
‘A beggar came to Abu Abdullah-asws on the evening of Thursday. He begged him-asws, but he‑asws returned him. Then he-asws turned towards his-asws gatherers. He-asws said: ‘But, we do have in our possession what we can give charity with to him, but the charity on the day of Friday is multiplied as doubled’’.[332]
24- ثو، ثواب الأعمال أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُخَلَّدٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ الْأَحْمَرِ عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ صَدَقَةَ السِّرِّ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Al Barqy, from his father, from Al-Husayn Bin Mukhlad, from Aban Al Ahmar, from Abu Usama,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he-asws said: ‘Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws had said: ‘The secretive charity extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj!’’[333]
25- ثو، ثواب الأعمال بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ ع عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع قَالَ: صَدَقَةُ اللَّيْلِ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – By this chain, from Abu Usama,
‘From Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws having said: ‘Charity at night extinguishes Wrath of the Lord‑azwj’’.[334]
26- ثو، ثواب الأعمال حَمْزَةُ الْعَلَوِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الصَّدَقَةُ بِاللَّيْلِ تَدْفَعُ مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ وَ تَدْفَعُ سَبْعِينَ نَوْعاً مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ.
(The book) ‘Sawaab Al Amaal’ – Hamza Al Alawy, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Sinan,
‘The charity at night repel the evil death and repels seventy types of the afflictions’’.[335]
27- كِتَابُ النَّوَادِرِ، لِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الدِّيبَاجِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْأَشْعَثِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ الصَّادِقِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِسُرَاقَةَ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ جُعْشُمٍ أَ لَا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى أَفْضَلِ الصَّدَقَةِ
(The book) ‘Al Nawadir’ of Al Fazlullah Bin Ali Al Rawandy – from Abdul Wahid Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan Al Tameemi, from Sahl Bin Ahmad Al Dibajy, from Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Al Ash’as, from Musa Bin Ismail Bin Musa, from his father,
‘From his grandfather-asws Musa-asws, from his-asws father-asws Al-Sadiq-asws, from his-asws forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said to Suraqa Bin Malik Bin Ju’shum: ‘Shall I‑saww point you to the superior charity?’
قَالَ بَلَى بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ
He said, ‘Yes, may my father and my mother be (sacrificed) for you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَفْضَلُ الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَى أُخْتِكَ أَوِ ابْنَتِكَ وَ هِيَ مَرْدُودَةٌ عَلَيْكَ لَيْسَ لَهَا كَاسِبٌ غَيْرَكَ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The superior charity to your sister or your daughter having not earner for her other than you, and it will be returned to you’’.[336]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: قِيلَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ
And by this chain, from Ali-asws having said: ‘It was said to Rasool-Allah-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah‑saww! Which charity is superior?’
قَالَ الصَّدَقَةُ عَلَى ذِي الرَّحِمِ الْكَاشِحِ.
He-saww said: ‘The charity one the one with kinship having cut off’’.[337]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع قَالَ: قِيلَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ
And by this chain, from Ali-asws having said: ‘It was said to Rasool-Allah-saww, ‘O Rasool-Allah‑saww! Which charity is superior?’
قَالَ الصَّدَقَةُ عَلَى الْأَسِيرِ قَدِ اخْضَلَّتَا عَيْنَاهُ.
He-saww said: ‘The charity upon the captive who has moistened his eyes (tearful)’’.[338]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْهُ ع قَالَ: قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ
And by this chain, from him-asws having said: ‘It was said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! Which charity is superior?’
فَقَالَ جُهْدٌ مِنْ مُقِلٍّ يَسِيرُ إِلَى فَقِيرٍ.
He-saww said: ‘Efforts by a poor giving a little to a poor’’.[339]
وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الصَّدَقَةُ فِي السِّرِّ تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ تَعَالَى.
And by this chain, said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The charity in the secret extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj, the Exalted’’.[340]
28- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي الثَّلْجِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْخُنَيْسِيِّ عَنْ مُنْذِرِ بْنِ جَيْفَرٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ الْوَصَّافِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص صَنَائِعُ الْمَعْرُوفِ تَقِي مَصَارِعَ السَّوْءِ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ خَفِيّاً تُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ وَ صِلَةُ الرَّحِمِ زِيَادَةٌ فِي الْعُمُرِ
(The book) ‘Al Amaali’ of the Sheykh Al Tusi – A group, from Abu Al Mufazzal, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Al Salj, from Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Khuneyr, from Munzir Bin Jayfar, from Ubeydullah Al Wasaqy,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, from Umm Salama-ra, may Allah-azwj be Pleased with her-ra, said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Doing the act of kindness saves from the evil knock down, and the hidden charity extinguishes Wrath of the Lord-azwj, and connecting the kinship increases in the lifespan.
وَ كُلُّ مَعْرُوفٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَ أَهْلُ الْمَعْرُوفِ فِي الدُّنْيَا أَهْلُ الْمَعْرُوفِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَ أَهْلُ الْمُنْكَرِ فِي الدُّنْيَا أَهْلُ الْمُنْكَرِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ أَهْلُ الْمَعْرُوفِ.
And every act of kindness is charity, and the people of acts of kindness in the world are people of the acts of kindness in the Hereafter, and the people of denial in the words are the people of denial in the Hereafter, and the first one to enter the Paradise will be the people of the acts of kindness’’.[341]
29- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘Al-Sadiq-asws was asked, ‘Which charity is superior?’
قَالَ أَنْ تَتَصَدَّقَ وَ أَنْتَ صَحِيحٌ شَحِيحٌ تَأْمُلُ الْبَقَاءَ وَ تَخَافُ الْفَقْرَ وَ لَا تُمْهِلْ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَتِ الْحُلْقُومَ قُلْتَ لِفُلَانٍ كَذَا وَ لِفُلَانٍ كَذَا لا [أَلَا] وَ قَدْ كَانَ لِفُلَانٍ.
He-asws said: ‘You give charity while you are healthy, stingy, wishing to remain, and fear the poverty, and do not delay until when (the soul) reaches the throat you said, ‘For so and so is such and such, and for so and so is such and such’, indeed and it was always for so and so!’’[342]
وَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص كُلُّ مَعْرُوفٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَ مَا وَقَى بِهِ الْمَرْءُ عِرْضَهُ كُتِبَ لَهُ بِهِ صَدَقَةٌ.
And the Prophet-saww said: ‘Every act of kindness is charity, and what the person can save his honour it will be written for him as charity due to it’’.[343]
30- دَعَوَاتُ الرَّاوَنْدِيِّ، رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ صَدَقَةً
(The book) ‘Dawaat’ of Al Rawandy –
‘It is reported from the Prophet-saww having said: ‘Upon every Muslim during every day is to give charity!’
قِيلَ مَنْ يُطِيقُ ذَلِكَ
It was said, ‘Who can endure that?’
قَالَ إِمَاطَتُكَ الْأَذَى عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ صَدَقَةٌ وَ إِرْشَادُكَ الرَّجُلَ إِلَى الطَّرِيقِ صَدَقَةٌ وَ عِيَادَتُكَ الْمَرِيضَ صَدَقَةٌ وَ أَمْرُكَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ صَدَقَةٌ وَ نَهْيُكَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ صَدَقَةٌ وَ رَدُّكَ السَّلَامَ صَدَقَةٌ.
He-saww said: ‘Your removing the harm from the road is charity, and your guiding the man to the road is charity, and your consoling the sick is charity, and your instructing with the act of kindness is charity, and your forbidding from the evil is charity, and your responding to the greeting is charity’’.[344]
أبواب الخمس و ما يناسبه
THE CHAPTERS ON KHUMS AND WHAT IS RELATED TO IT
باب 22 وجوب الخمس و عقاب تاركه و حكمه في زمان الغيبة و حكم ما وقف على الإمام ع
CHAPTER 22 – OBLIGATION OF THE KHUMS AND PUNISHMENT OF NEGLECTING IT, AND ITS RULING DURING THE TIME OF OCCULATION, AND RULING OF WHAT IS ENDOWED TO THE IMAM-ajfj
1- ج، الإحتجاج الْكُلَيْنِيُّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ فِيمَا خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ النَّاحِيَةِ الْمُقَدَّسَةِ عَلَى يَدِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ الْعَمْرِيِّ وَ أَمَّا الْمُتَلَبِّسُونَ بِأَمْوَالِنَا فَمَنِ اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً فَأَكَلَهُ فَإِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ النِّيرَانَ وَ أَمَّا الْخُمُسُ فَقَدْ أُبِيحَ لِشِيعَتِنَا وَ جُعِلُوا مِنْهُ فِي حِلٍّ إِلَى وَقْتِ ظُهُورِ أَمْرِنَا لِتَطِيبَ وِلَادَتُهُمْ وَ لَا تَخْبُثَ.
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ of Al Kulayni, from Is’haq Bin Yaqoub –
‘Among what emerged to him from the Holy Area upon the hand of Muhammad Bin Usman Al-Amry (the 2nd ambassador): ‘And as for the ones who are clothing themselves with our-ajfj wealth, the one who legalises anything from it to consume it rather he is consuming the flames (of fires), and as for the Khums, and they can make it to be legal (Shias have the leeway) up to the time of appearance of our-ajfj matter in order for their births to be good, and not wicked’’.[345]
2- ج، الإحتجاج مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْأَسَدِيُ فِيمَا وَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ النَّاحِيَةِ الْمُقَدَّسَةِ عَلَى يَدِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ أَمَّا مَا سَأَلْتَ عَنْهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْوَقْفِ عَلَى نَاحِيَتِنَا وَ مَا يُجْعَلُ لَنَا ثُمَّ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ صَاحِبُهُ فَكُلُّ مَا لَمْ يُسَلَّمْ فَصَاحِبْهُ فِيهِ بِالْخِيَارِ وَ كُلَّمَا سَلَّمَ فَلَا خِيَارَ لِصَاحِبِهِ فِيهِ احْتَاجَ أَوْ لَمْ يَحْتَجْ افْتَقَرَ إِلَيْهِ أَوِ اسْتَغْنَى عَنْهُ
(The book) ‘Al Ihtijaj’ – Muhammad Bin Ja’far Al Asady,
‘Among what arrived to him from the Holy Area upon the hand of Muhammad Bin Usman (the 2nd ambassador): ‘As for what you asked about from the matter of the pausing at our-ajfj corner and what has been made to be for us, then its possessor is needy to it, so all what has not been submitted, its possessor is with the choice in it, and all what has been submitted, there is no choice in it for its possessor, whether he is needy or not needy, be the poor to it or needless from it.
وَ أَمَّا مَا سَأَلْتَ عَنْهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ مَنْ يَسْتَحِلُّ مَا فِي يَدِهِ مِنْ أَمْوَالِنَا وَ يَتَصَرَّفُ فِيهِ تَصَرُّفَهُ فِي مَالِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَمْرِنَا فَمَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ مَلْعُونٌ وَ نَحْنُ خُصَمَاؤُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
And as for what you have asked about, from the matter of the one who legalises our-ajfj wealth what is in his hands and he spend in it, spending in his wealth from without our instructions. The one who does that, he is accursed and we-ajfj will be his contenders on the Day of Qiyamah.
وَ قَدْ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص الْمُسْتَحِلُّ مِنْ عِتْرَتِي مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ مَلْعُونٌ عَلَى لِسَانِي وَ لِسَانِ كُلِّ نَبِيٍّ مُجَابٍ
And the Prophet-saww had said: ‘The legaliser from my-saww family of what Allah-saww has Prohibited is accursed upon my-saww tongue and tongue of every Prophet-saww Answered.
فَمَنْ ظَلَمَنَا كَانَ فِي جُمْلَةِ الظَّالِمِينَ لَنَا وَ كَانَتْ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ لِقَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ أَلا لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَى الظَّالِمِينَ.
The one who oppresses us-ajfj would be among all of the oppressors to us-ajfj, and the Curse of Allah-saww would be upon him due to Words of the Mighty and Majestic: Indeed, the Curse of Allah is upon the unjust [11:18]’’.[346]
3- ك، إكمال الدين مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْخُزَاعِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي الْحُسَيْنِ الْأَسَدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: وَرَدَ عَلَيَّ تَوْقِيعٌ مِنَ الشَّيْخِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ ابْتِدَاءً لَمْ يَتَقَدَّمْهُ سُؤَالٌ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ النَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ عَلَى مَنِ اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ أَمْوَالِنَا دِرْهَماً
(The book) ‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – Muhammad Bin Muhammad Al Khuzaie, from Abu Ali Bin Abu Al-Husayn Al Asady, from his father who said,
‘A Holy Letter arrived to me from the sheykh Muhammad Bin Usman (the 2nd representative) initiating, no question had preceded it: ‘In the Name of Allah-saww the Beneficent, the Merciful! The Curse of Allah-saww, and the Angel, and all the people is upon the one who legalises one Dirham from our-ajfj wealth!’
قَالَ أَبُو الحسن [الْحُسَيْنِ] الْأَسَدِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فَوَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِي أَنَّ ذَلِكَ فِيمَنِ اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ مَالِ النَّاحِيَةِ دِرْهَماً دُونَ مَنْ أَكَلَ مِنْهُ غَيْرَ مُسْتَحِلٍّ لَهُ وَ قُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي إِنَّ ذَلِكَ فِي جَمِيعِ مَنِ اسْتَحَلَّ مُحَرَّماً فَأَيُّ فَضْلٍ فِي ذَلِكَ لِلْحُجَّةِ ع عَلَى غَيْرِهِ
Abu Al-Husayn Al-Asady, may Allah-saww have Mercy on him, said, ‘There occurred in my self that it is regarding the one who legalises one Dirham from the (Holy) Area, besides the one who consumes from it without being a legaliser for it, and I said within myself, ‘If that is regarding entirety of the one legalising a prohibition, so which merit is there in that for Al-Hujjat-ajfj over others?’
قَالَ فَوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً بِالْحَقِّ بَشِيراً لَقَدْ نَظَرْتُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فِي التَّوْقِيعِ فَوَجَدْتُهُ قَدِ انْقَلَبَ إِلَى مَا كَانَ فِي نَفْسِي بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ النَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ عَلَى مَنْ أَكَلَ مِنْ مَالِنَا دِرْهَماً حَرَاماً.
He said, ‘By the One Who Sent Muhammad-saww with the truth as a giver of glad tidings! I looked after that into the Holy Letter, I found it to have turned to what had been within myself: ‘In the Name of Allah-saww the Beneficent, the Merciful! The Curse of Allah-saww and the Angles and the people in their entirety is upon the one who consumes one Dirham from our‑ajfj wealth unlawfully’’.[347]
4- فس، تفسير القمي وَ لَمْ نَكُ نُطْعِمُ الْمِسْكِينَ قَالَ حُقُوقُ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص مِنَ الْخُمُسِ لِذَوِي الْقُرْبَى وَ الْيَتَامَى وَ الْمَسَاكِينِ وَ ابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَ هُمْ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ.
Tafseer Al Qummi –
‘And we did not used to feed the poor [74:44]. He said, ‘Rights of Progeny-asws of Muhammad‑saww, from the Khums for the ones with kinship, and the orphans, and the needy, and the travellers, and they are Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, may the Salawaat of Allah-saww be upon them-asws’’.[348] (Not a Hadeeth)
5- فس، تفسير القمي وَ لا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلى طَعامِ الْمِسْكِينِ أَيْ لَا تَرْعَوْنَ وَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ غَصَبُوا آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ حَقَّهُمْ وَ أَكَلُوا أَمْوَالَ أَيْتَامِهِمْ وَ فُقَرَائِهِمْ وَ أَبْنَاءِ سَبِيلِهِمْ.
Tafseer Qummi –
‘And you are not urging upon feeding the poor [89:18] – i.e. you are not caring, and they are those who are usurping the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww of their-asws rights, and they are consuming wealth of their-asws orphans, and their-asws poor, and their-asws travellers’’.[349] (not a Hadeeth)
6- فس، تفسير القمي وَ سِيقَ الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا رَبَّهُمْ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ زُمَراً أَيْ جَمَاعَةً حَتَّى إِذا جاؤُها وَ فُتِحَتْ أَبْوابُها وَ قالَ لَهُمْ خَزَنَتُها سَلامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ طِبْتُمْ أَيْ طَابَ مَوَالِيدُكُمْ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا طَيِّبُ الْمَوْلِدِ فَادْخُلُوها خالِدِينَ.
Tafseer Al Qummi –
‘And their Lord would Escort those who are pious to the Paradise in groups, – i.e. as a community – until when they come to it, its gates would be opened, and its keepers would say to them: ‘Peace be upon you! You are good, – i.e. their births are good, because no one can enter the Paradise except one of good birth – therefore enter it to abide eternally [39:73]’’.[350]
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِنَّ فُلَاناً وَ فُلَاناً غَصَبُونَا حَقَّنَا وَ اشْتَرَوْا بِهِ الْإِمَاءَ وَ تَزَوَّجُوا بِهِ النِّسَاءَ أَلَا وَ إِنَّا قَدْ جَعَلْنَا شِيعَتَنَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي حِلٍّ لِتَطِيبَ مَوَالِيدُهُمْ.
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘So and so, and so and so usurped our-asws rights and they bought slaves with it and married the women with it. Indeed, and we-asws have made our-asws Shias to be in permission (lawful) from that in order to make their births good’’.[351]
7- ع، علل الشرائع ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع حَلَّلَهُمْ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ يَعْنِي الشِّيعَةَ لِيَطِيبَ مَوْلِدُهُمْ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – Ibn Al Waleed, from Al Saffar, from Ibn Marouf, from Hammad, from Hareez, from Zurara,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws has permitted them from the Khums, meaning the Shias, in order to make their births to be good’’.[352]
8- ع، علل الشرائع بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع هَلَكَ النَّاسُ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ وَ فُرُوجِهِمْ لِأَنَّهُمْ لَا يُؤَدُّونَ إِلَيْنَا حَقَّنَا أَلَا وَ إِنَّ شِيعَتَنَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ فِي حِلٍ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – By this chain, from Zurara, and Muhammad Bin Muslim and Abu Baseer,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘The people are destroyed regarding their bellies and their private parts, because they are not fulfilling to us-asws our-asws rights! Indeed, and our-asws Shias and their children are in Permissibility (lawfulness) from that!’’[353]
9- ع، علل الشرائع الْعَطَّارُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ النَّهْدِيِّ عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ الرَّقِّيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: النَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ يَعِيشُونَ فِي فَضْلِ مَظْلِمَتِنَا إِلَّا أَنَّا أَحْلَلْنَا شِيعَتَنَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – from his father, from Al Ash’ary, from Al Nahdy, from Al Sindy Bin Muhammad, from Yahya Bin Imran, from Dawood Al Raqqy,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The people, all of them are living in the grace of our-asws grievances (usurped wealth), except that we-asws have Permitted (legalised) our-asws Shias from that’’.[354]
10- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنِّي لَآخُذُ مِنْ أَحَدِكُمُ الدِّرْهَمَ وَ إِنِّي لَمِنْ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ مَالًا مَا أُرِيدُ بِذَلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَهَّرُوا.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’ – My father, from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Fazzal, from Ibn Bukeyr who said,
‘I heard Abu Abdullah-asws saying: ‘I-asws tend to take the Dirham from one of you and although I-asws am, from the people of Al-Medina-asws, and of most wealth. I-asws don’t intend with that except to purify (your wealth)’’.[355]
11- ك، إكمال الدين أَبِي وَ ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ مَعاً عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ مَا أَيْسَرُ مَا يَدْخُلُ بِهِ الْعَبْدُ النَّارَ
(The book) ‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – My father and Ibn Al Waleed, both together from Sa’ad, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘May Allah-saww Keep you-asws well! What is the least what the servant would enter the Hellfire due to it?’
قَالَ مَنْ أَكَلَ مِنْ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ دِرْهَماً وَ نَحْنُ الْيَتِيمُ.
He-asws said: ‘One who consumes one Dirham from wealth of the orphans, and we-asws are the orphans’’.[356]
قال الصدوق معنى اليتيم هو المنقطع القرين في هذا الموضع فسمي النبي ص بهذا المعنى يتيما و كذلك كل إمام بعده يتيم بهذا المعنى و الآية في أكل أموال اليتامى ظلما فيهم نزلت و جرت من بعد في سائر الأنام و الدرة اليتيمة إنما سميت يتيمة لأنها كانت منقطعة القرين.
Al-Sadouq said: ‘The meaning of ‘orphan’ here is the one who is deprived of a companion in this context. Thus, the Prophet-saww was named ‘orphan’ in this sense, and likewise, every Imam-asws after him-saww is considered ‘orphan’ in this sense. The Verse regarding the injustice in consuming the wealth of orphans was Revealed concerning them-asws, and it applies subsequently to all people, he-saww was named as ‘Al Durra Al Yatimah’ (the gem of the orphan) he-saww was deprived of a companion’.
12- ك، إكمال الدين ابْنُ عِصَامٍ عَنِ الْكُلَيْنِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ الْيَقْطِينِيِّ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ع رَجُلٌ جَعَلَ لَكَ جَعَلَنِيَ اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ شَيْئاً مِنْ مَالِهِ ثُمَّ احْتَاجَ إِلَيْهِ أَ يَأْخُذُهُ لِنَفْسِهِ أَوْ يَبْعَثُ إِلَيْكَ
(The book) ‘Ikmal Al Deen’ – Ibn Isam, from Al Kulayni, from Muhammad Al Attar, from Yaqteeny who said,
‘I wrote to Ali-asws Bin Muhammad-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! A man makes something to be for you-asws from his wealth, then he is needy to it. Can he take it for himself or send it to you-asws?’
فَقَالَ هُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ فِي ذَلِكَ مَا لَمْ يُخْرِجْهُ عَنْ يَدِهِ وَ لَوْ وَصَلَ إِلَيْنَا لَرَأَيْنَا أَنْ نُوَاسِيَهُ بِهِ وَ قَدِ احْتَاجَ إِلَيْهِ.
He-asws said: ‘He is with the choice regarding that for as long as he has not extracted it from his wealth, and if he had sent it to us-asws, we-asws would have viewed it to console him with it (give it to him), while he was needy to it’’.[357]
13- غط، الغيبة للشيخ الطوسي عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع إِذْ دَخَلَ إِلَيْهِ صَالِحُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ الْهَمَدَانِيُّ وَ كَانَ يَتَوَلَّى لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ اجْعَلْنِي مِنْ عَشَرَةِ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ فِي حِلٍّ فَإِنِّي أَنْفَقْتُهَا
(The book) ‘Al Ghayba’ of the sheykh Al Tusi – Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father having said,
‘I was in the presence of Abu Ja’far-asws the 2nd when Salih Bin Muhammad Bin Sahl Al-Hamdany entered to see him-asws, and he used to befriend him-asws. He said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Make me to be in permission of ten thousand Dirhams, for I have spent it!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع أَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ
Abu Ja’far-asws said to him: ‘You are in permission’.
فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ صَالِحٌ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع أَحَدُهُمْ يَثِبُ عَلَى مَالِ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ فُقَرَائِهِمْ وَ مَسَاكِينِهِمْ وَ أَبْنَاءِ سَبِيلِهِمْ فَيَأْخُذُهُ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اجْعَلْنِي فِي حِلٍّ أَ تَرَاهُ ظَنَّ بِي أَنِّي أَقُولُ لَهُ لَا أَفْعَلُ وَ اللَّهِ لَيَسْأَلَنَّهُمُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَنْ ذَلِكَ سُؤَالًا.
When Salih went out from his-asws presence, Abu Ja’far-asws said: ‘One of you leaps upon wealth of Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, and their-asws poor, and their-asws needy, and their-asws travellers, so he takes it then says, ‘Make me to be in permission’. Do you view that he is thinking of me-asws than I-asws would be saying: ‘I-asws will not do it?’ By Allah-azwj! Allah-azwj will be Questioning them on the Day of Qiyamah a question about that!’’[358]
14- قب، المناقب لابن شهرآشوب أَبُو هَاشِمٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِمُحَمَّدٍ ص إِنِّي اصْطَفَيْتُكَ وَ انْتَجَبْتُ عَلِيّاً وَ جَعَلْتُ مِنْكُمَا ذُرِّيَّةً طَيِّبَةً جَعَلْتُ لَهُمُ الْخُمُسَ.
(The book) ‘Al Manaqib’ of Ibn Shehr Ashub – Abu Hashim, by his chain,
‘From Al-Baqir-asws said: ‘Allah-saww the Exalted Said to Muhammad-saww: “I-saww have Chosen you-saww and Nominated Ali-asws, and have Made from you-asws both, goodly offspring. I-saww have Made the Khums to be for them-asws!”’[359]
15- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ مَا أَيْسَرُ مَا يَدْخُلُ بِهِ الْعَبْدُ النَّارَ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abu Baseer who said,
‘I said to Abu Ja’far-asws, ‘May Allah-saww Keep you-asws well! What is the least of what the servant would enter the Hellfire?’
قَالَ مَنْ أَكَلَ مِنْ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ دِرْهَماً وَ نَحْنُ الْيَتِيمُ.
He-asws said: ‘One who consumes one Dirham the wealth of an orphan, and we-asws are the orphan(s)’’.[360]
16- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ: قَدْ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ فِي الْخُمُسِ نَصِيباً لِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ حَسَداً وَ عَدَاوَةً وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِما أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الْفاسِقُونَ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Abu Jameela, from one of his companions,
‘From one of the two (5th or 6th Imam-asws) having said: ‘Allah-saww has Imposed a share in the Khums for Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww. But Abu Bakr refused to give them-asws their-asws share out of envy and enmity, and Allah-saww has Said: And the one who does not judge with what Allah Revealed, so them, they are the transgressors [5:47]’’.[361]
17- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ: يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ لَنَا حَقٌّ هي فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فِي الْخُمُسِ فَلَوْ مَحَوْهُ فَقَالُوا لَيْسَ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَوْ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا بِهِ لَكَانَ سَوَاءً.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – From Sadeyr,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘He-asws said: ‘O Abu Al-Fazl! For us-asws there is a right, and it is in the Book of Allah-saww regarding the Khums. So, if they were to delete it and say, ‘It isn’t from Allah-saww’, or they don’t know (work) with it, it would be the same’’.[362]
18- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ فَيْضِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَشَدَّ مَا يَكُونُ النَّاسُ حَالًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِذَا قَامَ صَاحِبُ الْخُمُسِ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ خُمُسِي وَ إِنَّ شِيعَتَنَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي حِلٍ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Feyz Bin Abu Sheyba, from a man,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The severest of state what the people would be on the Day of Qiyamah, is when the owner of Khums will stand and say: ‘O Lord-saww, my-ajfj Khums!’ and our-asws Shias are in permission from that’’.[363]
19- كنز، كنز جامع الفوائد و تأويل الآيات الظاهرة أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبَّادٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَيْلٌ لِلْمُطَفِّفِينَ الْمُطَفِّفِينَ النَّاقِصِينَ لِخُمُسِكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ الَّذِينَ إِذَا اكْتالُوا عَلَى النَّاسِ يَسْتَوْفُونَ أَيْ إِذَا صَارُوا إِلَى حُقُوقِهِمْ مِنَ الْغَنَائِمِ يَسْتَوْفُونَ وَ إِذا كالُوهُمْ أَوْ وَزَنُوهُمْ يُخْسِرُونَ أَيْ إِذَا سَأَلُوهُمْ خُمُسَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ نَقَصُوهُمْ وَ قَالَ وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ بِوَصِيِّكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ.
(The book) ‘Kanz Jamie Al Fawaaid’ and ‘Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zaahira’ – Ahmad Bin Ibrahim Bin Abbad, by his chain to Abdullah Bin Bukeyr raising it to,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws (regarding): Woe be unto the fraudsters [83:1]: ‘The fraudsters are the Nasibis (hostile ones) of your-saww Khums, O Muhammad-saww, those, Those, when they take a measure from the people, they take it fully [83:2] – i.e. when they come to their rights from the war booties, they are taking it fully – But when they measure out them, or weigh out to them, they are being deficient [83:3] – i.e., when they are asked of Khums of Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww they are being deficient, and He-saww Said: Woe on that Day would be unto the beliers [83:10] – of your-saww successor-asws, O Muhammad-saww!’’[364]
20- كِتَابُ الْإِسْتِدْرَاكِ، عَنِ التَّلَّعُكْبَرِيِّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْكَاظِمِ ع قَالَ: قَالَ لِي هَارُونُ أَ تَقُولُونَ إِنَّ الْخُمُسَ لَكُمْ
(The book) ‘Kitab Al Istidraak’ – from Al Tal’akbury, by his chain,
‘From Al-Kazim-asws having said: ‘Haroun (Al-Rasheed) said to me-asws, ‘Are you-asws saying that the Khums is for you-asws (People-asws of the Household)?’
قُلْتُ نَعَمْ
I-asws said: ‘Yes’.
قَالَ إِنَّهُ لِكَثِيرٌ
He said, ‘It is too much!’
قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ الَّذِي أَعْطَانَاهُ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ لَنَا غَيْرُ كَثِيرٍ.
He-asws said: ‘I-asws said: ‘The One Who has Given it to us-asws Knows that it is not too much’’.[365]
21- كِتَابُ تَأْوِيلِ الْآيَاتِ الظَّاهِرَةِ، نَقْلًا مِنْ كِتَابِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَاهْيَارَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ أَبَاهُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ الَّذِينَ فِي أَمْوالِهِمْ حَقٌّ مَعْلُومٌ لِلسَّائِلِ وَ الْمَحْرُومِ
The book ‘Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zaahira’ – Copying from the book of Muhammad Bin Al Abbas Bin Mahyar, from Muhammad Bin Abu Bakr, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Isa Bin Dawood,
‘From Abu Al-Hassan Musa-asws, from his-asws father-asws: ‘A man asked his-asws father Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws about Words of Allah-saww Mighty and Majestic: And those in whose wealth there is a known right [70:24] For the beggar and the deprived [70:25].
فَقَالَ أَبِي احْفَظْ يَا هَذَا وَ انْظُرْ كَيْفَ تَرْوِي عَنِّي إِنَّ السَّائِلَ وَ الْمَحْرُومَ شَأْنُهُمَا عَظِيمٌ أَمَّا السَّائِلُ فَهُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فِي مَسْأَلَتِهِ اللَّهَ حَقَّهُ وَ الْمَحْرُومُ هُوَ مَنْ حُرِمَ الْخُمُسَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ الْأَئِمَّةُ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ هَلْ سَمِعْتَ وَ فَهِمْتَ لَيْسَ هُوَ كَمَا يَقُولُ النَّاسُ.
My-asws father-asws said: ‘Preserve, O you, and look at how you are reporting from me-asws! The beggar and the deprives, their state are mighty. As for the beggar, he is Rasool-Allah-saww regarding his-saww asking Allah-saww for his-saww rights, and the deprives, he is one who is deprived the Khums, Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and his-asws offspring, the Imams-asws, may the Salawaat of Allah-saww be upon them-asws. Have you heard and understood? It isn’t like what the people are saying!’’[366]
وَ مِنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبَّادٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَيْلٌ لِلْمُطَفِّفِينَ يَعْنِي لِخُمُسِكَ الَّذِينَ إِذَا اكْتالُوا عَلَى النَّاسِ يَسْتَوْفُونَ أَيْ إِذَا سَارُوا إِلَى حُقُوقِهِمْ مِنَ الْغَنَائِمِ يَسْتَوْفُونَ وَ إِذا كالُوهُمْ أَوْ وَزَنُوهُمْ يُخْسِرُونَ أَيْ إِذَا سَأَلُوهُمْ خُمُسَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ نَقَصُوهُمْ.
And from him, from Ahmad Bin Ibrahim Bin Abbad, by his chain to Abdullah Bin Bukeyr, raising it to,
‘Abu Abdullah-asws regarding Words of Mighty and Majestic: Woe be unto the fraudsters [83:1]: – meaning your-saww Khums – Those, when they take a measure from the people, they take it fully [83:2] – i.e., when they come to their own rights from the war booties, they are taking it fully – But when they measure out them, or weigh out to them, they are being deficient [83:3] – i.e., when they are asked of Khums for Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, they are being deficient’’.[367]
باب 23 ما يجب فيه الخمس و سائر أحكامه
CHAPTER 23 – WHAT KHUMS IS OBLIGATED IN, AND REST OF ITS RULINGS
أقول: قد مضى بعض أخبار هذا الباب في باب زكاة النقدين من أبواب الزكاة.
I (Majlisi) am saying, ‘Some Ahadeeth regarding this chapter have already passed in the chapter of Zakat on cash, from chapters of Zakat’.
1- ل، الخصال أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ فِيمَا يُخْرَجُ مِنَ الْمَعَادِنِ وَ الْبَحْرِ وَ الْكُنُوزِ الْخُمُسُ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – My father, from Muhamad Al Attar, from Ibn Isa, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ammar Bin Marwan who said,
‘In what emerges from the mines, and the ocean, and the treasures, is the Khums’’.[368]
2- ل، الخصال الْهَمَذَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: الْخُمُسُ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ عَلَى الْكُنُوزِ وَ الْمَعَادِنِ وَ الْغَوْصِ وَ الْغَنِيمَةِ وَ نَسِيَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ الْخَامِسَ.
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ – Al Hamdany, from Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from someone else,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘The Khums is upon five things – upon the treasure, and the mines, and the diving, and the war booty’ – and Ibn Abu Umeyr forgot the fifth’’.[369]
قال الصدوق رحمه الله أظن الخامس الذي نسيه ابن أبي عمير مالا يرثه الرجل و هو أن يعلم أن فيه من الحلال و الحرام و لا يعرف أصحاب الحرام فيؤديه إليهم و لا يعرف الحرام بعينه فيجتنبه فيخرج منه الخمس.
Al Sadouq, may Allah-saww Mercy him, said, ‘I think the fifth which Ibn Umeyr attributed is wealth inherited by the man, and it is that he knows there is Permissible and Prohibited (wealth) in it and he does not know the owner of the prohibited (wealth) so he can pay it back to them, nor does he know the Prohibited (part) exactly so he can stay away from it, so he should extract Khums from it’.
3- ل، الخصال فِيمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ص عَلِيّاً ع يَا عَلِيُّ إِنَّ عَبْدَ الْمُطَّلِبِ سَنَّ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ خَمْسَ سُنَنٍ أَجْرَاهَا اللَّهُ لَهُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ
(The book) ‘Al Khisaal’ –
‘Among what the Prophet-saww bequeathed with to Ali-asws: ‘O Ali-asws! Abdul Muttalib-as had established Sunnahs (practices) during the Pre-Islamic period, five practices. Allah-azwj Flowed these for him-as in Al-Islam.
حَرَّمَ نِسَاءَ الْآبَاءِ عَلَى الْأَبْنَاءِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ لا تَنْكِحُوا ما نَكَحَ آباؤُكُمْ مِنَ النِّساءِ
He-as forbade wives of the fathers unto the sons, so Allah– azwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed: And you cannot marry from the women whom your fathers married [4:22].
وَ وَجَدَ كَنْزاً فَأَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ الْخُمُسَ وَ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّما غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ الْآيَةَ
And he-asws found treasure, so he-as extracted a fifth from it and gave in charity with it, so Allah‑ azwj Revealed: And know that whatever booty you gain from anything, so a fifth of it is for Allah [8:41] – the Verse.
وَ لَمَّا حَفَرَ زَمْزَمَ سَمَّاهَا سِقَايَةَ الْحَاجِّ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ أَ جَعَلْتُمْ سِقايَةَ الْحاجِّ وَ عِمارَةَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرامِ كَمَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ الْآيَةَ
And when he-as dug (the well of) Zamzam he-as named it as ‘Watering place for the pilgrims’, so Allah– azwj Revealed: Are you considering the quencher of the pilgrims and the maintainer of the Sacred Masjid as being the like the one who believes in Allah and the Last Day [9:19] – the Verse.
وَ سَنَّ فِي الْقَتْلِ مِائَةً مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَأَجْرَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ذَلِكَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ
And he-as (enacted) a practice regarding the killing, one hundred from the camels (as wergild), so Allah– azwj Mighty and Majestic Flowed that in Al-Islam.
وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلطَّوَافِ عَدَدٌ عِنْدَ قُرَيْشٍ فَسَنَّ فِيهِمْ عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ سَبْعَةَ أَشْوَاطٍ فَأَجْرَى اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ.
And there did not happen to be a number for the Tawaaf in the view of Quraysh, so Abdul Muttalib-as enacted a Sunnah (practice) among them of seven circuits, so Allah– azwj Flowed that in Al Islam’’.[370]
4- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام الْقَطَّانُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع مِثْلَهُ وَ تَمَامُهُ فِي أَحْوَالِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ.
(The book) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-as – Al Qattan, from Ahmad Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Ali Husayn Bin Fazzal, from his father,
‘From Al-Reza-asws, similar to it, and its complete is in ‘Situations of Abdul Muttalib-as’’.[371]
5- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ النَّهْدِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْعَجْمَاءُ جُبَارٌ وَ الْبِئْرُ جُبَارٌ وَ الْمَعْدِنُ جُبَارٌ وَ فِي الرِّكَازِ الْخُمُسُ.
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar – My father, from Sa’ad Bin Al Nahdy, from Ibn Ulwan, from Amro Bin Khalid,
‘From Zayd son of Ali (Bin Al-Husayn-asws, from his forefathers-asws having said: ‘Rasool-Allah‑saww said: ‘The wild animals are without responsibility, and the well is without responsibility, and the mines are without responsibility, and in the ores (minerals) there is Khums’’.[372]
6- مع، معاني الأخبار مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ الزَّنْجَانِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: فِي السُّيُوبِ الْخُمُسُ.
(The book) ‘Ma’any Al Akhbaar’ – Muhammad Bin Haroun Al Zanjany, from Ali Bin abdul Aziz, from Abu Ubeyd Al Qasim Bin Sallam, raising it to,
‘The Prophet-saww said: ‘In ‘Al-Suyoub’ (ores) is the Khums’’.[373]
قال أبو عبيد السيوب الركاز و لا أراه أخذ إلا من السيب و هو العطية يقال من سيب الله و عطائه.
Abu Ubayd said: ‘Al Suyoub’ is the ore, and I do not consider it taken except from the ores which is the gift from Allah-saww. It is called ‘From the gifts of Allah-saww and His-saww awards’’.
7- ير، بصائر الدرجات أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِ آيَةَ الْخُمُسِ فَقَالَ مَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ فَهُوَ لِرَسُولِهِ وَ مَا كَانَ لِرَسُولِهِ فَهُوَ لَنَا
(The book) ‘Basaair Al Darajaa’ – Abu Muhammad, from Imran Bin Musa, from Ibn Asbaat, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzeyl, from Al Sumali,
‘From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I read the Verse of Khums to him-asws. He-asws said: ‘Whatever was for Allah-saww, it is for His-saww Rasool-saww, and whatever was for His-saww Rasool‑saww, it is for us-asws’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ يَسَّرَ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنَّهُ رَزَقَهُمْ خَمْسَةَ دَرَاهِمَ وَ جَعَلُوا لِرَبِّهِمْ وَاحِداً وَ أَكَلُوا أَرْبَعَةً حَلَالًا
Then he-asws said: ‘And Allah-saww has Eased upon the Momineen. He-saww Graces them five Dirhams and Made one to be for their Lord-saww, and they consume four as Permissible!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا مِنْ حَدِيثِنَا صَعْبٌ مُسْتَصْعَبٌ لَا يَعْمَلُ بِهِ وَ لَا يَصْبِرُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا مُمْتَحَنٌ قَلْبُهُ لِلْإِيمَانِ.
Then he-asws said: ‘This is from our-asws Ahadeeth, which are difficult, becoming more difficult. Neither will anyone work with it nor be patient upon it except the one whose heart has been Tested for the Eman’’.[374]
8- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ إِنِّي كَسَبْتُ مَالًا أَغْمَضْتُ فِي مَطَالِبِهِ حَلَالًا وَ حَرَاماً وَ قَدْ أَرَدْتُ التَّوْبَةَ وَ لَا أَدْرِي الْحَلَالَ مِنْهُ مِنَ الْحَرَامِ وَ قَدِ اخْتَلَطَ عَلَيَّ
(The book) ‘Al Mahasin’ – My father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuni,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, from his-asws father-asws, from Ali-asws, a man came to him-asws. He said, ‘I have earned wealth. I had closed my eyes in seeking it, Permissible and Prohibited, and I have intended the repentance and I don’t know the Permissible from it from the Prohibited, and it is mixed up upon me!’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع تَصَدَّقْ بِخُمُسِ مَالِكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ رَضِيَ مِنَ الْأَشْيَاءِ بِالْخُمُسِ وَ سَائِرُ الْمَالِ لَكَ حَلَالٌ.
Ali-asws said: ‘Give in charity a fifth of your wealth, for Allah– azwj is Satisfied from the things with the fifth (Khums), and rest of the wealth is Permissible for you’’.[375]
9- ضا، فقه الرضا عليه السلام اعْلَمْ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُها مَنْ يَشاءُ مِنْ عِبادِهِ وَ الْعاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ
(The book) ‘Fiqh Al-Reza-asws’, may the greeting be upon him-asws – ‘May Allah– azwj Mercy you! Know, that the earth is for Allah, He Causes it to be inherited by the one He so Desires to from His servants, and the end-result is for the pious [7:128].
وَ أَرْوِي عَنِ الْعَالِمِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ رَكَزَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع بِرِجْلِهِ حَتَّى جَرَتْ خَمْسَةُ أَنْهَارٍ وَ لِسَانُ الْمَاءِ يَتْبَعُهُ الْفُرَاتُ وَ دِجْلَةُ وَ النِّيلُ وَ نَهْرُ مِهْرَبَانَ وَ نَهْرُ بَلْخٍ فَمَا سَقَتْ أَوْ سُقِيَ مِنْهَا فَلِلْإِمَامِ وَ الْبَحْرُ الْمُطِيفُ بِالدُّنْيَا
And it is reported from the Scholar. He-asws said: ‘Jibraeel-as kicked with his-as leg until five rivers flowed from it, and strips of water followed it – The Euphrates, and the Tigris, and the Nile, and the river Mahraban, and the rive Balkh. Whatever it waters or is irrigated from it, is for the Imam-asws, and the ocean encircles the world’.
وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ جَعَلَ مَهْرَ فَاطِمَةَ ع خُمُسَ الدُّنْيَا فَمَا كَانَ لَهَا صَارَ لِوُلْدِهَا ع-
And it is reported: ‘Allah– azwj Majestic and Mighty Made the dowry of (Syeda) Fatima-asws as being a fifth of the world. Whatever was for her-asws, came to be for her-asws children’.
وَ قِيلَ لِلْعَالِمِ ع مَا أَيْسَرُ مَا يَدْخُلُ بِهِ الْعَبْدُ النَّارَ
And it was said to the Scholar, ‘What is the least by which the servant would enter the Hellfire?’
قَالَ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ دِرْهَماً وَ نَحْنُ الْيَتِيمُ وَ قَالَ جَلَّ وَ عَلَا وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّما غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَ لِلرَّسُولِ وَ لِذِي الْقُرْبى إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
He-asws said: ‘If he consumes one Dirham from the wealth of an orphan, and we-asws are the ‘orphan’. And the Majestic and Exalted Said: And know that whatever booty you gain from anything, so a fifth of it is for Allah, and for the Rasool, and for the near of kin, [8:41] – up to end of the Verse.
فَتَطَوَّلَ عَلَيْنَا بِذَلِكَ امْتِنَاناً مِنْهُ وَ رَحْمَةً إِذْ كَانَ الْمَالِكُ لِلنُّفُوسِ وَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَ سَائِرِ الْأَشْيَاءِ الْمَلِكَ الْحَقِيقِيَّ وَ كَانَ مَا فِي أَيْدِي النَّاسِ عَوَارِيَ وَ أَنَّهُمْ مالكين [مَالِكُونَ] مَجَازاً لَا حَقِيقَةَ لَهُ
He– azwj Extended to us by His– azwj Generosity and Mercy, when the owner of the souls and the wealth and rest of the things is the real owner, and whatever was in the hands of the people is temporarily, and they are owning metaphorically, there being no reality of it.
وَ كُلُّ مَا أَفَادَهُ النَّاسُ فَهُوَ غَنِيمَةٌ لَا فَرْقَ بَيْنَ الْكُنُوزِ وَ الْمَعَادِنِ وَ الْغَوْصِ وَ مَالِ الْفَيْءِ الَّذِي لَمْ يُخْتَلَفْ فِيهِ وَ هُوَ مَا ادُّعِيَ فِيهِ الرُّخْصَةُ وَ هُوَ رِبْحُ التِّجَارَةِ وَ غَلَّةُ الصَّنِيعَةِ وَ سَائِرُ الْفَوَائِدِ مِنَ الْمَكَاسِبِ وَ الصِّنَاعَاتِ وَ الْمَوَارِيثِ وَ غَيْرِهَا لِأَنَّ الْجَمِيعَ غَنِيمَةٌ وَ فَائِدَةٌ وَ رِزْقُ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ فَإِنَّهُ رُوِيَ أَنَّ الْخُمُسَ عَلَى الْخَيَّاطِ مِنْ إِبْرَتِهِ وَ الصَّانِعِ مِنْ صِنَاعَتِهِ
All what benefit the people are the spoils, the is no difference between the treasures, and the minerals, and the diving, and wealth of spoils of war which there is no differing in it, and it is what the permission is claimed, and it is profiting from the business, and earning from the craftsmanship, and rest of the benefits from the earnings and the manufacturing, and the inheritances and others, because entirety of the gains and benefits and sustenance of Allah‑ azwj Majestic and Mighty, for it has been reported that the Khums is upon the tailor from his needle, and the craftsman from his craftsmanship.
فَعَلَى كُلِّ مَنْ غَنِمَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْوُجُوهِ مَالًا فَعَلَيْهِ الْخُمُسُ فَإِنْ أَخْرَجَهُ فَقَدْ أَدَّى حَقَّ اللَّهِ مَا عَلَيْهِ وَ تَعَرَّضَ لِلْمَزِيدِ وَ حَلَّ لَهُ الْبَاقِي [مِنْ] مَالِهِ وَ طَابَ وَ كَانَ اللَّهُ أَقْدَرَ عَلَى إِنْجَازِ مَا وَعَدَ الْعِبَادَ مِنَ الْمَزِيدِ وَ التَّطْهِيرِ مِنَ الْبُخْلِ عَلَى أَنْ يُغْنِيَ نَفْسَهُ مِمَّا فِي يَدَيْهِ مِنَ الْحَرَامِ الَّذِي بَخِلَ فِيهِ بَلْ قَدْ خَسِرَ الدُّنْيا وَ الْآخِرَةَ ذلِكَ هُوَ الْخُسْرانُ الْمُبِينُ
Upon every one who gains wealth from these aspects, upon him is the Khums. If he extracts it, so he has fulfilled the right of Allah– azwj what is upon him, and exposure for the increase, and the remainder of his wealth is Permissible for him, and good, and Allah– azwj would be Able upon Fulfilling what He– azwj has Promised the servants, of the increase and the Purification from the stinginess, based upon the he would be self-sufficient from what is in his hands from the Prohibited which he had been stingy in, but he loses the world and the Hereafter. That is the clear loss [22:11].
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ أَخْرِجُوا حَقَّ اللَّهِ مِمَّا فِي أَيْدِيكُمْ يُبَارِكِ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ فِي بَاقِيهِ وَ يَزْكُو فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ الْغَنِيُّ وَ نَحْنُ الْفُقَرَاءُ وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ لَنْ يَنالَ اللَّهَ لُحُومُها وَ لا دِماؤُها وَ لكِنْ يَنالُهُ التَّقْوى مِنْكُمْ
Fear Allah– azwj and extract the right of Allah– azwj from whatever is in your hands, Allah– azwj will Bless you in its remainder, for Allah– azwj Majestic and Might is the Rich and we are the poor, It will never reach Allah, neither its flesh nor its blood, but the piety from you will reach Him. [22:37].
فَلَا تَدَعُوا التَّقَرُّبَ إِلَى اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ بِالْقَلِيلِ وَ الْكَثِيرِ عَلَى حَسَبِ الْإِمْكَانِ وَ بَادِرُوا بِذَلِكَ الْحَوَادِثَ وَ احْذَرُوا عَوَاقِبَ التَّسْوِيفِ فِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ السَّالِفَةِ بِذَلِكَ وَ بِاللَّهِ الِاعْتِصَامُ.
Do not leave drawing closer to Allah– azwj Majestic and Mighty with the little and the more in accordance to the possibility, and rush to the incidents with that and be cautious of the Punishment of the delaying in it, for rather the one who was destroyed from the previous communities was destroyed due to that, and with Allah– azwj, hold on firmly’’.[376]
10- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ فِي الْغَنِيمَةِ يُخْرَجُ مِنْهَا الْخُمُسُ وَ يُقْسَمُ مَا بَقِيَ بَيْنَ مَنْ قَاتَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَ وَلِيَ ذَلِكَ وَ أَمَّا الْفَيْءُ وَ الْأَنْفَالُ فَهُوَ خَالِصٌ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Ibn Sinan,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘In the war booty, extract the Khums from it and divide what remains between the ones who had fought upon it, and commander of that, and as for the ‘Fey’ and the spoils of war, it is purely for Rasool-Allah-saww’’.[377]
11- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي الرَّجُلِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا فِي لِوَائِهِمْ فَيَكُونُ مَعَهُمْ فَيُصِيبُ غَنِيمَةً قَالَ يُؤَدِّي خُمُسَنَا وَ يَطِيبُ لَهُ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Al Halby,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws regarding the man from our companions in their flags, for he happens to be with them and attains spoils of war. He-asws said: ‘Khums (fifth) is for us-asws and it is good for him’’.[378]
12- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنِ الطَّيَّارِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: يُخْرَجُ خُمُسُ الْغَنِيمَةِ ثُمَّ يُقْسَمُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَخْمَاسٍ عَلَى مَنْ قَاتَلَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ وَلِيَهُ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Al Tayyar,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Extract Khums (fifth) of the spoils of war, then distribute the four-fifths upon the ones who had fought upon that and its commander’’.[379]
13- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لَا يَعْذِرُ عَبْداً اشْتَرَى مِنَ الْخُمُسِ شَيْئاً أَنْ يَقُولَ يَا رَبِّ اشْتَرَيْتُهُ بِمَالِي حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لَهُ أَهْلُ الْخُمُسِ.
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Is’haq Bin Ammar who said,
‘I heard him-asws saying: ‘There is no excuse for a servant who buys anything from the Khums, that he should say, ‘O Lord-azwj! I have bought it from my wealth!’, until the owner of the Khums permits it for him’’.[380]
14- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الثَّالِثِ ع أَسْأَلُهُ عَمَّا يَجِبُ فِي الضِّيَاعِ فَكَتَبَ الْخُمُسُ بَعْدَ الْمَئُونَةِ
Tafseer Al Ayyashi – from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad who said,
‘I wrote to Abu Al-Hassan-asws the 3rd, asking him-asws about what is obligated regarding the estate. He-asws said: ‘The Khums (fifth) after the provision (for family)’.
قَالَ فَنَاظَرْتُ أَصْحَابَنَا فَقَالُوا الْمَئُونَةُ بَعْدَ مَا يَأْخُذُ السُّلْطَانُ وَ بَعْدَ مَئُونَةِ الرَّجُلِ
He said, ‘I discussed with our companions. They said, ‘The provision is after what the rules takes (as taxation), and after provision (for family) of the man’.
فَكَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّكَ قُلْتَ الْخُمُسُ بَعْدَ الْمَئُونَةِ وَ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَنَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِي الْمَئُونَةِ
I wrote to him-asws, ‘You-asws had said the Khums is after the provision, and our companions are differing regarding the provision!’
فَكَتَبَ الْخُمُسُ بَعْدَ مَا يَأْخُذُ السُّلْطَانُ وَ بَعْدَ مَئُونَةِ الرَّجُلِ وَ عِيَالِهِ.
He-asws wrote: ‘The Khums is after what the ruler takes (taxation) and after provision of the man and his dependants’’.[381]
15- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ فَيْضِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: إِنَّ أَشَدَّ مَا يَكُونُ النَّاسُ حَالًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِذَا قَامَ صَاحِبُ الْخُمُسِ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ خُمُسِي وَ إِنَّ شِيعَتَنَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فِي حِلٍ.
Tafseer Al-Ayyashi – The severest of states what the people would be in on the Day of Qiyamah is when owner of the Khums will stand and say: ‘O Lord-saww! My-ajfj Khums!’, and our-asws Shias are in permission from that’’.[382]
16- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ لِأَصْحَابِهِ أَيُّكُمْ أَدَّى زَكَاتَهُ الْيَوْمَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع أَنَا
Tafseer of the Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) – ‘Rasool-Allah–saww said: ‘Which one of you paid his Zakat today?’ Ali–asws said: ‘I–asws did!’.
فَأَسَرَّ الْمُنَافِقُونَ فِي أُخْرَيَاتِ الْمَجْلِسِ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ يَقُولُ وَ أَيُّ مَالٍ لِعَلِيٍّ حَتَّى يُؤَدِّيَ مِنْهُ الزَّكَاةَ
The hypocrites started whispering privately to each at the far ends of the gathering, saying, ‘And which wealth does Ali–asws have until he–asws paid the Zakat from it?’
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا يُسِرُّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُنَافِقُونَ فِي أُخْرَيَاتِ الْمَجْلِسِ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘What are these hypocrites whispering in the end of the gathering?’
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع بَلَى قَدْ أَوْصَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى أُذُنِي مَقَالَتَهُمْ يَقُولُونَ وَ أَيُّ مَالٍ لِعَلِيٍّ حَتَّى يُؤَدِّيَ زَكَاتَهُ
Ali-asws said: ‘Yes, Allah– azwj the Exalted has Caused their words to arrive to my-asws ears. They are saying, ‘And which wealth is there for Ali-asws until he-asws paid his-asws Zakat?’
كُلُّ مَالٍ يُغْنَمُ مِنْ يَوْمِنَا هَذَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلِي خُمُسُهُ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ حُكْمِي عَلَى الَّذِي مِنْهُ لَكَ فِي حَيَاتِكَ جَائِزٌ فَإِنِّي نَفْسُكَ وَ أَنْتَ نَفْسِي
Every wealth which is a war booty from this day of ours up to the Day of Qiyamah, so a fifth of it is for me–asws after your–saww passing away, O Rasool-Allah–saww, and my–asws decision upon that which is from it, is allowed during your–saww lifetime, for I–asws am your–saww self, and you–saww are my–asws self’.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَذَلِكَ هُوَ يَا عَلِيُّ وَ لَكِنْ كَيْفَ أَدَّيْتَ زَكَاةَ ذَلِكَ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Like that it is, O Ali-asws, but how did you-asws pay that Zakat?’
فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع عَلِمْتُ بِتَعْرِيفِ اللَّهِ إِيَّايَ عَلَى لِسَانِكَ أَنَّ نُبُوَّتَكَ هَذِهِ سَيَكُونُ بَعْدَهَا مُلْكٌ عَضُوضٌ وَ جَبَرِيَّةٌ فَيُسْتَوْلَى عَلَى خُمُسِي مِنَ السَّبْيِ وَ الْغَنَائِمِ فَيَبِيعُونَهُ فَلَا يَحِلُّ لِمُشْتَرِيهِ لِأَنَّ نَصِيبِي فِيهِ
Ali-asws said: ‘O Rasool-Allah–saww! Allah–azwj Taught, by the Introduction by Allah–azwj to me–asws, upon your–saww tongue – that this Prophet-hood of yours–saww, would happen to be after it kings (ruler) devouring and tyrannous, and they would be in charge over my–asws fifth (Khums) from the captives and the war booty. They would sell these and it would not be Permissible for its buyer (to be buying it), because my–asws share would be in it.
فَقَدْ وَهَبْتُ نَصِيبِي فِيهِ لِكُلِّ مَنْ مَلَكَ شَيْئاً مِنْ ذَلِكَ مِنْ شِيعَتِي فَيَحِلُّ لَهُمْ مَنَافِعُهُمْ مِنْ مَأْكَلٍ وَ مَشْرَبٍ وَ لِتَطِيبَ مَوَالِيدُهُمْ فَلَا يَكُونَ أَوْلَادُهُمْ أَوْلَادَ حَرَامٍ
So I–asws have gifted myasws share which would be in it to everyone who owns anything from that, from my–asws Shias, in order for it to be Permissible for them, from their benefits and eating and drinking, and in order to purify their births, and their children would not become the unlawful children (bastards).
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا تَصَدَّقَ أَحَدٌ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ صَدَقَتِكَ وَ قَدْ تَبِعَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فِي فِعْلِكَ أَحَلَّ لِشِيعَتِهِ كُلَّ مَا كَانَ مِنْ غَنِيمَةٍ وَ بَيْعٍ مِنْ نَصِيبِهِ عَلَى وَاحِدٍ مِنْ شِيعَتِي وَ لَا أُحِلُّهُ أَنَا وَ لَا أَنْتَ لِغَيْرِهِمْ.
Rasool-Allah–saww said: ‘No one has given in charity anything more superior than your–asws charity, and Rasool-Allah–saww has concurred with your–asws deed. It is Permissible of his–asws Shias, everything what was in it from his–asws war booty, and a sale from his–asws share, upon anyone from his–asws Shias, and neither do I–asws nor do you–asws should permit it for others’’.[383]
17- سر، السرائر مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: خُذْ مَالَ النَّاصِبِ حَيْثُ وَجَدْتَ وَ ابْعَثْ إِلَيْنَا بِالْخُمُسِ.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahboub, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Sayf Bin Ameyra, from Al Moalla Bin Khuneys,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Seize wealth of the Nasibis wherever you find it, and send it to us-asws with the Khums!’’[384]
18- سر، السرائر مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ: خُذْ مَالَ النَّاصِبِ حَيْثُ وَجَدْتَهُ وَ ارْفَعْ إِلَيْنَا الْخُمُسَ.
(The book) ‘Al Saraair’ – Muhammad Bin Ali, from Ahmad Bin Al-Husayn, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Hafs Bin Al Bakhtari,
‘From Abu Abdullah-asws having said: ‘Seize wealth of the Nasibi wherever you find it, and raise the Khums to us-asws!’’[385]
قال محمد بن إدريس رحمه الله الناصب المعني في هذين الخبرين أهل الحرب لأنهم ينصبون الحرب للمسلمين و إلا فلا يجوز أخذ مال مسلم و لا ذمي على وجه من الوجوه.
Muhammad Bin Idrees, may Allah-saww Mercy him, said, ‘The meaning of the ‘Nasibi’ in these two Ahadeeth, and the people are at war, because they are setting up the war to the Muslims, or except it is no allowed to seize wealth of a Muslim nor a ‘Zimmy’ upon any aspects from the aspects’.
19- كش، رجال الكشي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ فَارِسٍ عَنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ عِلْبَاءَ الْأَسَدِيَّ وُلِّيَ الْبَحْرَيْنَ فَأَفَادَ سَبْعَمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِينَارٍ وَ دَوَابَّ وَ رَقِيقاً
(The book) ‘Rijaal’ of Al Kashy – Muhammad Bin Masoud, from Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Faris, from Ibn Yazeed, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Shihab Bin Abd Rabbih, from Abu Baseer who said,
‘Ilba’a Al-Asady became governor of Al-Bahrain. He achieved seven hundred thousand Dinars, and animals, and slaves’.
قَالَ فَحَمَلَ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ حَتَّى وَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنِّي وُلِّيتُ الْبَحْرَيْنَ لِبَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَ أَفَدْتُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ قَدْ حَمَلْتُهُ كُلَّهُ إِلَيْكَ وَ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئاً وَ أَنَّهُ كُلَّهُ لَكَ
He (Abu Baseer) said, ‘He carried that, all of it, until he placed it in front of Abu Abdullah-asws. Then he said, ‘I governed Al Bahrain for the clan of Umayya and I benefitted such and such. I have carried all of it to you-asws, and I have known that Allah-saww Mighty and Majestic has not Make anything from that for them, and all of it is for you-asws!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَاتِهِ
Abu Abdullah-asws said to him: ‘Give it!’
قَالَ فَوَضَعَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَدْ قَبِلْنَا مِنْكَ وَ وَهَبْنَاهُ لَكَ وَ أَحْلَلْنَاكَ مِنْهُ وَ ضَمِنَّا لَكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْجَنَّةَ.
He (Abu Baseer) said, ‘He placed it in front of him-asws. He-asws said: ‘We-asws accept from You‑saww and we-asws have hereby gifted to you and made it permissible for you from it, and we hereby guaranteed the Paradise for you based upon Allah-saww!’’[386]
20- كش، رجال الكشي خَلَفُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ النَّهَاوَنْدِيِّ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ سَيِّدِي سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي رُوِّيتُ عَنْ آبَائِكَ أَنَّ كُلَّ فَتْحٍ فُتِحَ بِضَلَالٍ فَهُوَ لِلْإِمَامِ
(The book) ‘Rijal’ of Al Kashi – Khalaf bin Hammad, from Sahl, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Abdul Jabbar Bin Al Mubarak Al Nahwandy who said,
‘I came to my master in the year two hundred and nine. I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! I have reported from your-asws forefathers-asws that every conquest is conquest of straying, so it is for the Imam-asws’.
فَقَالَ نَعَمْ
He-asws said: ‘Yes’.
قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَإِنَّهُ أَتَوْا بِي مِنْ بَعْضِ الْفُتُوحِ الَّتِي فُتِحَتْ عَلَى الضَّلَالِ وَ قَدْ تَخَلَّصْتُ مِنَ الَّذِينَ مَلَكُونِي بِسَبَبٍ مِنَ الْأَسْبَابِ وَ قَدْ أَتَيْتُكَ مُسْتَرَقّاً مُسْتَعْبَداً
I said, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! There came to me from one of the conquests which was conquest upon the straying, and I have freed myself from those who had controlled me, by a cause from the causes, and I have come to you-asws stealthily seeking assistance’.
فَقَالَ قَدْ قَبِلْتُ
He-asws said, ‘I-asws hereby accept’.
قَالَ فَلَمَّا حَضَرَ خُرُوجِي إِلَى مَكَّةَ قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي قَدْ حَجَجْتُ وَ تَزَوَّجْتُ وَ مَكْسَبِي مِمَّا يَعْطِفُ عَلَيَّ إِخْوَانِي لَا شَيْءَ لِي غَيْرُهُ فَمُرْنِي بِأَمْرِكَ
He said, ‘When my going out to Makkah presented, I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! I have performed Hajj, and got married, and my earnings have been from what my brothers were compassionate upon me. There is nothing for me other than it, so instruct me with your-asws instructions!’
فَقَالَ لِيَ انْصَرِفْ إِلَى بِلَادِكَ وَ أَنْتَ مِنْ حَجِّكَ وَ تَزْوِيجِكَ وَ كَسْبِكَ فِي حِلٍّ
He-asws said to me, ‘Go to your city and you are in permission from your Hajj and your marriage and your earnings’.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ سَنَةُ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ أَتَيْتُهُ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ الْعُبُودِيَّةَ الَّتِي الْتَزَمْتُهَا فَقَالَ أَنْتَ حُرٌّ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ
When it was the year two hundred and thirteen, I came to him-asws. I mentioned to him the servitude which I had necessitated. He-asws said: ‘You are free for the Face of Allah-saww!’
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ اكْتُبْ لِي بِهِ عُهْدَةً
I said to him-asws, ‘May I be sacrificed for you-asws! Write an agreement for me with it’.
فَقَالَ تَخْرُجُ إِلَيْكَ غَداً
He-asws said: ‘It shall come out to you tomorrow’.
فَخَرَجَ إِلَيَّ مَعَ كُتُبِي كِتَابٌ فِيهِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْهَاشِمِيِّ الْعَلَوِيِّ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ أَفْتَاهُ أَنِّي أَعْتَقْتُكَ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ وَ الدَّارِ الْآخِرَةِ لَا رَبَّ لَكَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ سَبِيلٌ وَ أَنْتَ مَوْلَايَ وَ مَوْلَى عَقِبِي مِنْ بَعْدِي
There emerged to me along with my agreement, a letter in which was: ‘In the Name of Allah‑saww the Beneficent, the Merciful! This is a letter from Muhammad-asws Bin Ali-asws the Hashemite, the Alawite, to Abdullah Bin Al-Mubarak. I-asws have liberated you for the Face of Allah-azwj and the House of the Hereafter! There is no lord for you except Allah-azwj and there isn’t any way upon you (to be enslaved), and you were my-asws slave and slave of my-asws posterity after me!’
وَ كَتَبَ فِي الْمُحَرَّمِ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَ مِائَتَيْنِ وَ وَقَّعَ فِيهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ بِخَطِّ يَدِهِ وَ خَتَمَهُ بِخَاتَمِهِ.
And he-asws wrote in Muharram of the year two hundred and thirteen, and Muhammad Bin Ali-asws signed in it with his-asws own handwriting and sealed it with his-asws seal’’.[387]
21- الْهِدَايَةُ، كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يَبْلُغُ قِيمَتُهُ دِينَاراً فَفِيهِ الْخُمُسُ لِلَّهِ وَ لِرَسُولِهِ وَ لِذِي الْقُرْبَى وَ الْيَتَامَى وَ الْمَسَاكِينِ وَ ابْنِ السَّبِيلِ
(The book) ‘Al Hidayat’ –
‘All things reaching the value of a Dinar, in it is the fifth (khums) for Allah-azwj and for His-azwj Rasool-saww, and for the one with kinship, and the orphans, and the needy, and the traveller.
وَ أَمَّا الَّذِي لِلَّهِ فَهُوَ لِرَسُولِهِ وَ مَا لِرَسُولِهِ فَهُوَ لَهُ وَ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى فَهُمْ أَقْرِبَاؤُهُ وَ الْيَتَامَى يَتَامَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ الْمَسَاكِينُ مَسَاكِينُهُمْ وَ ابْنُ السَّبِيلِ ابْنُ سَبِيلِهِمْ وَ أَمْرُ ذَلِكَ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ يُفَرِّقُهُ فِيهِمْ كَيْفَ شَاءَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَضَرَ كُلُّهُمْ أَوْ بَعْضُهُمْ.
And as for which is for Allah-azwj, it is for His-azwj Rasool-saww, and whatever is for His-azwj Rasool‑saww, it is for him-saww; and the ones with kinship, they are his-saww relatives, and the orphans are orphans of People-asws of his-saww Household, and the needy are their needy ones, and the travellers are their travellers, and the command of that is to the Imam-asws to distribute it among them however he-asws so desires, whether all of them are present of some of them’’.[388]
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 12 H 1
[2] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 12 H 2
[3] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 12 H 3
[4] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 12 H 4
[5] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 12 H 5
[6] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 12 H 6
[7] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 12 H 7
[8] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 12 H 8
[9] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 12 H 9
[10] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 1
[11] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 2
[12] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 3
[13] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 4
[14] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 5
[15] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 6
[16] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 7
[17] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 8
[18] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 9
[19] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 10
[20] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 11
[21] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 12
[22] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 13
[23] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 14 a
[24] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 14 b
[25] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 14 c
[26] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 14 d
[27] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 14 e
[28] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 14 f
[29] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 14 g
[30] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 15
[31] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 16 a
[32] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 16 b
[33] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 16 c
[34] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 16 d
[35] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 16 e
[36] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 16 f
[37] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 16 g
[38] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 16 h
[39] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 16 i
[40] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 16 j
[41] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 13 H 16 k
[42] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 1
[43] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 2
[44] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 3
[45] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 4
[46] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 5
[47] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 6
[48] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 7
[49] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 8
[50] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 9
[51] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 10
[52] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 11
[53] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 12
[54] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 13
[55] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 14
[56] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 15
[57] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 16
[58] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 17
[59] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 18
[60] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 19
[61] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 20
[62] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 21
[63] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 22 a
[64] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 22 b
[65] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 22 c
[66] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 23
[67] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 24
[68] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 25
[69] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 26
[70] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 27
[71] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 28
[72] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 29
[73] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 30
[74] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 31
[75] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 32
[76] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 33
[77] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 34
[78] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 35
[79] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 36
[80] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 37
[81] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 38
[82] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 39
[83] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 40
[84] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 41
[85] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 42
[86] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 43
[87] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 44
[88] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 45
[89] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 46
[90] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 47
[91] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 48
[92] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 49
[93] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 50
[94] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 51
[95] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 52
[96] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 53
[97] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 54
[98] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 55 a
[99] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 55 b
[100] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 55 c
[101] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 55 d
[102] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 55 e
[103] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 55 f
[104] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 55 g
[105] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 55 h
[106] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 56
[107] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 57 a
[108] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 57 b
[109] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 58
[110] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 59
[111] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 60
[112] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 61
[113] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 62 a
[114] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 62 b
[115] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 62 c
[116] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 62 d
[117] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 62 e
[118] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 63
[119] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 64 a
[120] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 64 b
[121] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 65
[122] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 66 a
[123] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 66 b
[124] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 66 c
[125] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 66 d
[126] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 66 e
[127] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 67
[128] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 1
[129] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 2
[130] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 3
[131] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 4
[132] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 5
[133] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 6
[134] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 7
[135] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 8
[136] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 9
[137] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 10
[138] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 11
[139] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 12
[140] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 13
[141] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 14
[142] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 15
[143] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 16
[144] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 17
[145] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 18
[146] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 19
[147] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 68 / 20
[148] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 69
[149] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 70 a
[150] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 70 b
[151] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 71 a
[152] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 71 b
[153] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 71 c
[154] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 71 d
[155] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 14 H 71 e
[156] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 1
[157] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 2
[158] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 3
[159] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 4
[160] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 5
[161] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 6
[162] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 7
[163] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 8 a
[164] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 8 b
[165] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 8 c
[166] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 8 d
[167] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 9
[168] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 10
[169] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 11
[170] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 12
[171] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 13
[172] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 14
[173] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 15
[174] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 16
[175] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 17
[176] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 18
[177] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 19
[178] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 20
[179] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 21
[180] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 22
[181] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 23
[182] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 24
[183] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 15 H 25
[184] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 1
[185] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 2
[186] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 3
[187] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 4
[188] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 5
[189] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 6
[190] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 7
[191] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 8
[192] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 9
[193] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 10
[194] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 11
[195] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 12
[196] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 13
[197] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 14
[198] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 15
[199] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 16
[200] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 17
[201] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 18
[202] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 19
[203] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 20
[204] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 21
[205] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 22
[206] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 23
[207] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 24
[208] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 25
[209] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 26
[210] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 27
[211] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 28 a
[212] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 28 b
[213] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 28 c
[214] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 28 d
[215] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 29 a
[216] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 29 b
[217] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 29 c
[218] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 29 d
[219] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 29 e
[220] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 30
[221] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 31
[222] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 32
[223] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 33 a
[224] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 33 b
[225] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 33 c
[226] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 34
[227] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 35
[228] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 36 a
[229] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 36 b
[230] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 36 c
[231] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 1
[232] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 2
[233] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 3
[234] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 4
[235] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 5
[236] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 6
[237] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 7
[238] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 8
[239] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 9
[240] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 10
[241] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 11
[242] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 12
[243] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 13
[244] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 14
[245] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 15
[246] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 16
[247] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 17
[248] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 37 / 18
[249] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 38 a
[250] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 16 H 38 b
[251] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 17 H 1
[252] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 17 H 2
[253] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 17 H 3
[254] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 17 H 4
[255] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 17 H 5
[256] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 17 H 6
[257] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 1 a
[258] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 1 b
[259] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 2
[260] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 3
[261] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 4
[262] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 5
[263] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 6
[264] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 7
[265] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 8
[266] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 9
[267] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 10
[268] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 11
[269] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 12
[270] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 13
[271] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 14
[272] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 15
[273] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 16
[274] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 18 H 17
[275] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 1 a
[276] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 1 b
[277] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 2 a
[278] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 2 b
[279] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 2 c
[280] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 2 d
[281] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 3
[282] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 4 a
[283] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 4 b
[284] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 4 c
[285] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 4 d
[286] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 4 e
[287] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 5
[288] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 6 a
[289] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 6 b
[290] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 7 a
[291] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 7 b
[292] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 8 a
[293] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 8 b
[294] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 9
[295] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 10
[296] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 11
[297] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 12
[298] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 13
[299] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 14
[300] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 15
[301] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 16
[302] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 17
[303] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 18
[304] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 19 H 19
[305] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 20 H 1
[306] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 20 H 2
[307] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 20 H 3
[308] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 20 H 4
[309] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 20 H 5
[310] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 1
[311] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 2
[312] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 3
[313] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 4
[314] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 5
[315] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 6
[316] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 7
[317] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 8
[318] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 9
[319] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 10
[320] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 11
[321] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 12
[322] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 13
[323] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 14
[324] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 15
[325] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 16
[326] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 17
[327] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 18
[328] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 19
[329] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 20
[330] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 21
[331] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 22
[332] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 23
[333] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 24
[334] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 25
[335] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 26
[336] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 27 a
[337] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 27 b
[338] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 27 c
[339] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 27 d
[340] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 27 e
[341] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 28
[342] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 29 a
[343] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 29 b
[344] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Zakat and the charity – Ch 21 H 30
[345] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 1
[346] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 2
[347] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 3
[348] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 4
[349] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 5
[350] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 6 a
[351] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 6 b
[352] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 7
[353] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 8
[354] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 9
[355] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 10
[356] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 11
[357] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 12
[358] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 13
[359] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 14
[360] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 15
[361] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 16
[362] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 17
[363] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 18
[364] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 19
[365] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 20
[366] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 21
[367] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 22 H 22
[368] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 1
[369] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 2
[370] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 3
[371] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 4
[372] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 5
[373] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 6
[374] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 7
[375] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 8
[376] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 9
[377] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 10
[378] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 11
[379] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 12
[380] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 13
[381] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 14
[382] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 15
[383] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 16
[384] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 17
[385] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 18
[386] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 19
[387] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 20
[388] Bihar Al-Anwaar V 93 – The Book of Khums – Ch 23 H 21