تفسير الإمام العسكري(عليه السلام)
COMMENTARY OF IMAM AL ASKARI-asws
التفسير المنسوب إلى الامام ابي محمد الحسن بن علي العسكري (عليهم السلام)
COMMENTARY ASSOCIATED TO THE IMAM ABU MUHAMMAD AL HASSAN BIN ALI AL ASKARI-asws
Part 6 out of 6
(Translated by Hub-e-Ali-aswsTeam)
Re: ‘The Hajis (performers of Hajj), they are the friends of Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws
359 قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَ هُوَ وَاقِفٌ بِعَرَفَاتٍ لِلزُّهْرِيِّ: كَمْ تُقَدِّرُ هَاهُنَا مِنَ النَّاسِ. قَالَ: أُقَدِّرُ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافِ أَلْفٍ وَ خَمْسَمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ- كُلُّهُمْ حُجَّاجٌ قَصَدُوا اللَّهَ بِآمَالِهِمْ وَ يَدْعُونَهُ بِضَجِيجِ أَصْوَاتِهِمْ.
S 359 – Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said to Al-Zuhry, and he-asws standing at (plains of) Arafat: ‘How many do you reckon are here, from the people?’ He said, ‘I reckon there are four million five hundred thousand, all of them Pilgrims, aiming for Allah-azwj with their deeds, and supplicating to Him-azwj (judging) by the commotion of their voices’.
[فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا زُهْرِيُّ مَا أَكْثَرَ الضَّجِيجَ وَ أَقَلَّ الْحَجِيجَ! فَقَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: كُلُّهُمْ حُجَّاجٌ، أَ فَهُمْ قَلِيلٌ]. فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا زُهْرِيُّ أَدْنِ لِي وَجْهَكَ. فَأَدْنَاهُ إِلَيْهِ، فَمَسَحَ بِيَدِهِ وَجْهَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: انْظُرْ. [فَنَظَرَ] إِلَى النَّاسِ،
So he-asws said to him: ‘O Zuhry! How much is the commotion, and (how) less are the Pilgrims!’ So Al-Zuhry said, ‘All of them are Pilgrims, (and) you-asws are taking them to be few?’ So he-asws said to him: ‘O Zuhry! Bring your face closer to me-asws’. So he brought it closer to him-asws, and he-asws wiped his face by his-asws hand, then said: ‘Then he-asws said: ‘Look!’ So he looked – at the people.
قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: فَرَأَيْتُ أُولَئِكَ الْخَلْقَ كُلَّهُمْ قِرَدَةً، لَا أَرَى فِيهِمْ إِنْسَاناً- إِلَّا فِي كُلِّ عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ وَاحِداً مِنَ النَّاسِ.
Al-Zuhry said, ‘So I saw those people, all of them as apes. I did not see a human being among them except among every ten thousand, one from the people’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِيَ: ادْنُ مِنِّي يَا زُهْرِيُّ.
فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ، فَمَسَحَ بِيَدِهِ وَجْهِي- ثُمَّ قَالَ: انْظُرْ. فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى النَّاسِ، قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: فَرَأَيْتُ أُولَئِكَ الْخَلْقَ كُلَّهُمْ [خَنَازِيرَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي: أَدْنِ لِي وَجْهَكَ. فَأَدْنَيْتُ مِنْهُ، فَمَسَحَ بِيَدِهِ وَجْهِي، فَإِذَا هُمْ كُلُّهُمْ] ذِئْبَةٌ- إِلَّا تِلْكَ الْخَصَائِصَ مِنَ النَّاسِ نَفَراً يَسِيراً.
Then he-asws said to him: Come near me-asws, O Zuhry’. So I went near him-asws, and he-asws wiped my face with his-asws hand, then said: ‘Look!’ So I looked at the people’. Al-Zuhry said, ‘So I saw those people, all of them as pigs. Then he-asws said to me: ‘Bring your face near me-asws’. So I went near him-asws, and he-asws wiped my face with his-asws hand, and all of them were wolves, except for those special ones from the people, a small number.
فَقُلْتُ: بِأَبِي وَ أُمِّي يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَدْ أَدْهَشَتْنِي آيَاتُكَ، وَ حَيَّرَتْنِي عَجَائِبُكَ! قَالَ: يَا زُهْرِيُّ مَا الْحَجِيجُ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ إِلَّا النَّفَرُ الْيَسِيرُ- الَّذِينَ رَأَيْتَهُمْ بَيْنَ هَذَا الْخَلْقِ الْجَمِّ الْغَفِيرِ. ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي: امْسَحْ يَدَكَ عَلَى وَجْهِكَ. فَفَعَلْتُ، فَعَادَ أُولَئِكَ الْخَلْقُ فِي عَيْنِي نَاساً- كَمَا كَانُوا أَوَّلًا.
So I said, ‘(I swear) by my father and my mother, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Your-asws signs have surprised me and your-asws wonders have confused me!’ He-asws said: ‘O Zuhry! There are no Pilgrims from these ones except for a small number, those whom you saw between these people, the vast number’. Then he-asws said to me: ‘Wipe your hand upon your face’. So I did, and those creatures returned in my eyes as being human beings, just as they were at first.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي: مَنْ حَجَّ وَ وَالَى مُوَالِيَنَا، وَ هَجَرَ مُعَادِيَنَا، وَ وَطَّنَ نَفْسَهُ عَلَى طَاعَتِنَا، ثُمَّ حَضَرَ هَذَا الْمَوْقِفَ مُسَلِّماً إِلَى الْحَجَرِ الْأَسْوَدِ مَا قَلَّدَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ أَمَانَاتِنَا، وَ وَفِيّاً بِمَا أَلْزَمَهُ مِنْ عُهُودِنَا، فَذَلِكَ هُوَ الْحَاجُّ، وَ الْبَاقُونَ هُمْ مَنْ قَدْ رَأَيْتَهُمْ.
Then he-asws said to me: ‘The one who performs Hajj and befriends our-asws friends, and is away from our-asws enemies, and submits his self upon our-asws obedience, then attends this juncture, submitting to the Black Stone what Allah-azwj has Collared them with from our-asws Imamate, and is loyal with what is Necessitated for him from our-asws pact, so that one, he is the Pilgrim, and the remainder, they are from the ones you have seen’’.
يَا زُهْرِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَيْسَ الْحَاجُّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ الْمُعَادِينَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ مُحِبِّيهِمَا- الْمُوَالِينَ لِشَانِئِهِمَا.
O Zuhry! My-asws father-asws narrated to me-asws from my-asws grandfather-saww Rasool-Allah-saww, that he-saww said: ‘They aren’t Pilgrims (performers of Hajj), the hypocrite, the enemies to Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws, and those that love them-asws, the ones that love their-asws Shias.
وَ إِنَّمَا الْحَاجُّ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الْمُخْلِصُونَ- الْمُوَالُونَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ مُحِبِّيهِمَا، الْمُعَادُونَ لِشَانِئِهِمَا، إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْمُوَالِينَ لَنَا، الْمُعَادِينَ لِأَعْدَائِنَا- لَتَسْطَعُ أَنْوَارُهُمْ فِي عَرَصَاتِ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى قَدْرِ مُوَالاتِهِمْ لَنَا.
And rather, the Pilgrims are the Momineen, the sincere ones, the friends to Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws and those that love them-asws, the enemies to their-asws adversaries. These Momineen, the friends to us-asws and the enemies to our-asws enemies, their lights would spread in the plains of the (Day of the) Judgment upon a measurement of their Wilayah to us-asws.
فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَسْطَعُ نُورُهُ مَسِيرَةَ أَلْفِ سَنَةٍ. وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَسْطَعُ نُورُهُ مَسِيرَةَ ثَلَاثِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ سَنَةٍ- وَ هُوَ جَمِيعُ مَسَافَةِ تِلْكَ الْعَرَصَاتِ.
So, from them would be one who light would spread to a travel distance of a thousand years. And from them would be one who light would spread to a travel distance of three hundred thousand years – and it is all the distance of those plains.
وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَسْطَعُ نُورُهُ إِلَى مَسَافَاتٍ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ- يَزِيدُ بَعْضُهَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ- عَلَى قَدْرِ مَرَاتِبِهِمْ فِي مُوَالاتِنَا وَ مُعَادَاةِ أَعْدَائِنَا، يَعْرِفُهُمْ أَهْلُ الْعَرَصَاتِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ الْكَافِرِينَ بِأَنَّهُمُ الْمُوَالُونَ الْمُتَوَلُّونَ وَ الْمُتَبَرِّءُونَ.
And from them would be one who light would spread to the distance between that – increasing some of them upon the others – upon a measurement of their ranks regarding our-asws Wilayah and enmity towards our-asws enemies. The people of the plains from the Muslims and the Kafirs would recognise them, that they are the friends, the ones friendly (to us-asws), the ones disavowing (from our-asws enemies.
يُقَالُ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ: يَا وَلِيَّ اللَّهِ- انْظُرْ فِي هَذِهِ الْعَرَصَاتِ- إِلَى كُلِّ مَنْ أَسْدَى إِلَيْكَ فِي الدُّنْيَا مَعْرُوفاً، أَوْ نَفَّسَ عَنْكَ كَرْباً، أَوْ أَغَاثَكَ إِذْ كُنْتَ مَلْهُوفاً، أَوْ كَفَّ عَنْكَ عَدُوّاً، أَوْ أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْكَ فِي مُعَامَلَتِهِ، فَأَنْتَ شَفِيعُهُ.
It would be said to each one of them, ‘O friend of Allah-azwj! Look among these plains – to everyone who had done a good to you, or removed a worry from you, or helped you when you were grieving, or restrained an enemy from you, or did a favour to you in your dealings, so you can intercede for him’.
فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْمُحِقِّينَ- زِيدَ بِشَفَاعَتِهِ فِي نِعَمِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ، وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْمُقَصِّرِينَ كُفِيَ تَقْصِيرَهُ بِشَفَاعَتِهِ، وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ خُفِّفَ مِنْ عَذَابِهِ بِقَدْرِ إِحْسَانِهِ إِلَيْهِ.
So if he was from the true Momineen, there would be an increase in his Bounties due to his intercession; and if he was from the derogators, his shortcomings would be sufficed due to his intercession; and if he was from the Kafirs, there would be a lightening from his Punishment in accordance to his favour upon him.
وَ كَأَنِّي بِشِيعَتِنَا هَؤُلَاءِ يَطِيرُونَ فِي تِلْكَ الْعَرَصَاتِ- كَالْبُزَاةِ وَ الصُّقُورِ، فَيَنْقَضُّونَ عَلَى مَنْ أَحْسَنَ فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلَيْهِمْ- انْقِضَاضَ الْبُزَاةِ وَ الصُّقُورِ عَلَى اللُّحُومِ تَتَلَقَّفُهَا وَ تَحْفَظُهَا فَكَذَلِكَ يَلْتَقِطُونَ مِنْ شَدَائِدِ الْعَرَصَاتِ- مَنْ كَانَ أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا- فَيَرْفَعُونَهُمْ إِلَى جَنَّاتِ النَّعِيمِ.
And it is as if I-asws am with our-asws Shias, these ones, flying in those plains, like the buzzards and hawks, so they would be swooping upon the ones who had done a favour to them in the world – like the swooping of the buzzards and the hawks upon the meat, picking them up quickly. So, like that, they would be cutting off from the difficulties of the plains – the ones who had done a favour to them in the world – and they would be lifting them up to the Gardens of Bliss.
[وَ] قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِنَّا إِذَا وَقَفْنَا بِعَرَفَاتٍ وَ بِمِنًى، ذَكَرْنَا اللَّهَ وَ مَجَّدْنَاهُ، وَ صَلَّيْنَا عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ الطَّاهِرِينَ، وَ ذَكَرْنَا آبَاءَنَا أَيْضاً بِمَآثِرِهِمْ وَ مَنَاقِبِهِمْ- وَ شَرِيفِ أَعْمَالِهِمْ نُرِيدُ بِذَلِكَ قَضَاءَ حُقُوقِهِمْ
And a man said to Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! Whenever we pause at Arafat and at Mina, we mention Allah-azwj and we Glorify Him-azwj, and we send Salawat upon Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws, the clean, and we mention our forefathers as well with their impacts and their virtues, and their noble deeds, intending by that the fulfilment of their rights’.
فَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع: أَ وَ لَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا هُوَ أَبْلَغُ فِي قَضَاءِ الْحُقُوقِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالُوا: بَلَى يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ.
Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘Shall I-asws inform you with what is more reaching regarding the fulfilment of the rights than that?’ They said, ‘Yes, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ: أَفْضَلُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَنْ تُجَدِّدُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ- ذِكْرَ تَوْحِيدِ اللَّهِ وَ الشَّهَادَةَ بِهِ، وَ ذِكْرَ مُحَمَّدٍ ص رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، وَ الشَّهَادَةَ لَهُ بِأَنَّهُ سَيِّدُ النَّبِيِّينَ، وَ ذِكْرَ عَلِيٍّ ع وَلِيِّ اللَّهِ، وَ الشَّهَادَةَ لَهُ بِأَنَّهُ سَيِّدُ الْوَصِيِّينَ، وَ ذِكْرَ الْأَئِمَّةِ الطَّاهِرِينَ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ الطَّيِّبِينَ بِأَنَّهُمْ عِبَادُ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ.
He-asws said: ‘Superior that that is your renewal upon yourselves, the mention of the Tawheed of Allah-azwj and the testifying with it, and mention of Muhammad-saww Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj, and the testimony for him-saww that he-saww is the Chief of the Prophets-as, and mentioning Ali-asws as Guardian-asws of Allah-azwj, and the testifying for him-asws that he-asws is the Chief of the successors-asws, and mentioning the Imams-asws, the clean ones from the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, the goodly, that they-asws are the sincere servants of Allah-azwj’.
[فَضْلُ الْوُقُوفِ بِعَرَفَةَ:]
Merits of the pausing at Arafat
إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى إِذَا كَانَ عَشِيَّةُ عَرَفَةَ وَ ضَحْوَةُ يَوْمِ مِنًى، بَاهَى كِرَامَ مَلَائِكَتِهِ بِالْوَاقِفِينَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ وَ مِنًى وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ: هَؤُلَاءِ عِبَادِي وَ إِمَائِي حَضَرُونِي هَاهُنَا- مِنَ الْبِلَادِ السَّحِيقَةِ، شُعْثاً غُبْراً، قَدْ فَارَقُوا شَهَوَاتِهِمْ، وَ بِلَادَهُمْ وَ أَوْطَانَهُمْ، وَ إِخْوَانَهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِي، أَلَا فَانْظُرُوا إِلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ مَا فِيهَا، فَقَدْ قَوِيَتْ أَبْصَارُكُمْ يَا مَلَائِكَتِي عَلَى الِاطِّلَاعِ عَلَيْهَا.
Whenever it is evening of Arafat and forenoon on the day of Mina, Allah-azwj the Exalted Boasts to the His-azwj prestigious Angels with the ones pausing at Arafat and Mina and Says to them: “They are My-azwj servants and My-azwj maids! They have presented to Me-azwj over here – from the distant countries, dishevelled, dusty, having separated their personal desires, and their countries, and their homelands, and their brethren – seeking My-azwj Pleasure. Indeed! Look into their hearts and whatever is in these, for I-azwj have Strengthened your insights, O My-azwj Angels, upon notification upon these”.
قَالَ: فَتَطَّلِعُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ، فَيَقُولُونَ: يَا رَبَّنَا اطَّلَعْنَا عَلَيْهَا، وَ بَعْضُهَا سُودٌ مُدْلَهِمَّةٌ يَرْتَفِعُ عَنْهَا دُخَانٌ كَدُخَانِ جَهَنَّمَ.
He-asws said: ‘So the Angels get notified upon their hearts (contents), and they are saying, ‘O our Lord-azwj! We noticed upon these, and some of them are pitch black (with) smoke rising from these like the smoke of Hell’.
فَيَقُولُ [اللَّهُ]: أُولَئِكَ الْأَشْقِيَاءُ الَّذِينَ ضَلَّ سَعْيُهُمْ فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا، وَ هُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعاً تِلْكَ قُلُوبٌ خَاوِيَةٌ مِنَ الْخَيْرَاتِ، خَالِيَةٌ مِنَ الطَّاعَاتِ، مُصِرَّةٌ عَلَى الْمُرْدِيَاتِ الْمُحَرَّمَاتِ، تَعْتَقِدُ تَعْظِيمَ مَنْ أَهَنَّاهُ، وَ تَصْغِيرَ مَنْ فَخَّمْنَاهُ وَ بَجَّلْنَاهُ، لَئِنْ وَافَوْنِي كَذَلِكَ لَأُشَدِّدَنَّ عَذَابَهُمْ، وَ لَأُطِيلَنَّ حِسَابَهَمْ.
So Allah-azwj is Saying: “They are the wretched ones They whose labour is lost in the life of the world and they are reckoning that they are good in what they do [18:104] – those are hearts devoid of goodness, empty from the obedience, insistent upon committing the Prohibitions, believing in revering the one I-azwj Disgraced, and belittling the one I-azwj Consider grand and Venerate. If they were to Meet Me-azwj being like that, I-azwj shall Intensify their Punishment and Prolong their Reckoning”.
تِلْكَ قُلُوبٌ اعْتَقَدَتْ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ [اللَّهِ ص] كَذَبَ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَوْ غَلَطَ عَنِ اللَّهِ فِي تَقْلِيدِهِ أَخَاهُ وَ وَصِيَّهُ إِقَامَةَ أَوَدِ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ، وَ الْقِيَامَ بِسِيَاسَاتِهِمْ، حَتَّى يَرَوُا الْأَمْنَ فِي إِقَامَةِ الدِّينِ فِي إِنْقَاذِ الْهَالِكِينَ، وَ تَعْلِيمِ الْجَاهِلِينَ، وَ تَنْبِيهِ الْغَافِلِينَ الَّذِينَ بِئْسَ الْمَطَايَا إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ مَطَايَاهُمْ.
Those are hearts believing that Muhammad-saww, the Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj lied upon Allah-azwj or was mistaken from Allah-azwj regarding his-saww establishing the Taqleed of his-saww brother-asws and his-saww successor-asws upon the servants of Allah-azwj, and as the custodian of their affairs, until they see the security in the establishment of the Religion in rescuing the perishing ones and teaching the ignorant ones, and his-asws alerting the heedless ones, those with the most evils of the rides to Hell, being their rides.’
ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يَا مَلَائِكَتِي انْظُرُوا. فَيَنْظُرُونَ فَيَقُولُونَ: يَا رَبَّنَا- قَدِ اطَّلَعْنَا عَلَى قُلُوبِ هَؤُلَاءِ الْآخَرِينَ، وَ هِيَ بِيضٌ مُضِيئَةٌ- تُرْفَعُ عَنْهَا الْأَنْوَارُ إِلَى السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْحُجُبِ، وَ تَخْرِقُهَا إِلَى أَنْ تَسْتَقِرَّ عِنْدَ سَاقِ عَرْشِكَ يَا رَحْمَانُ.
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: “O My-azwj Angels, Look!” So they are looking and they are saying, ‘O our Lord-azwj We have noticed upon the hearts of those others, and these are shining white – the lights are rising from these up to the sky and the Veils and breach these until they settle at the Base of Your-azwj Throne, O Beneficent!’
يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: أُولَئِكَ السُّعَدَاءُ- الَّذِينَ تَقَبَّلَ اللَّهُ أَعْمَالَهُمْ وَ شَكَرَ سَعْيَهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا، فَإِنَّهُمْ قَدْ أَحْسَنُوا فِيهَا صُنْعاً تِلْكَ قُلُوبٌ حَاوِيَةٌ لِلْخَيْرَاتِ، مُشْتَمِلَةٌ عَلَى الطَّاعَاتِ، مُدْمِنَةٌ عَلَى الْمُنْجِيَاتِ الْمُشْرِفَاتِ، تَعْتَقِدُ تَعْظِيمَ مَنْ عَظَّمْنَاهُ، وَ إِهَانَةَ مَنْ أَرْذَلْنَاهُ،
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: “They are the fortunate ones – those, whose deeds Allah-azwj has Accepted, and Thanked for their striving in the life of the world. They have been doing good therein with those hearts as containers of goodness, inclusive upon the acts of obedience, habitual upon Salvaging noble deeds, believing in magnifying the one whom I-azwj Magnify, and humiliating the one whom I-azwj Disgrace.
لَئِنْ وَافَوْنِي كَذَلِكَ لَأُثَقِّلَنَّ مِنْ جِهَةِ الْحَسَنَاتِ مَوَازِينَهُمْ، وَ لَأُخَفِّفَنَّ مِنْ جِهَةِ السَّيِّئَاتِ مَوَازِينَهُمْ، وَ لَأُعَظِّمَنَّ أَنْوَارَهُمْ، وَ لَأَجْعَلَنَّ فِي دَارِ كَرَامَتِي- وَ مُسْتَقَرِّ رَحْمَتِي مَحَلَّهُمْ وَ قَرَارَهُمْ.
If they were to meet Me-azwj being like that, I-azwj Cause their scale to be heavy from the aspect of the good deeds, and I-azwj shall Cause their scales to be light from the aspect of the evil deeds, and I-azwj shall Magnify their lights and Make them to be in the House of My-azwj Prestige – and Settle My-azwj Mercy on their places and their dwellings”.
تِلْكَ قُلُوبٌ اعْتَقَدَتْ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص هُوَ الصَّادِقُ فِي كُلِّ أَقْوَالِهِ، الْمُحِقُّ فِي كُلِّ أَفْعَالِهِ، الشَّرِيفُ فِي كُلِّ خِلَالِهِ، الْمُبَرِّزُ بِالْفَضْلِ فِي جَمِيعِ خِصَالِهِ وَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَصَابَ فِي نَصْبِهِ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيّاً إِمَاماً، وَ عَلَماً عَلَى دِينِ اللَّهِ وَاضِحاً،
Those are hearts believing that Muhammad-saww is a Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj, he-saww is truthful in every word of his-saww, the rightful in every deed of his-saww, the noble in every characteristic of his-saww, the surpassing with the merits in the entirety of his-saww virtues, and that he-saww was correct in his-saww appointing Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws as an Imam-asws, and as a clear flag upon the Religion of Allah-azwj.
وَ اتَّخَذُوا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِمَامَ هُدًى، وَاقِياً مِنَ الرَّدَى، الْحَقُّ مَا دَعَا إِلَيْهِ، وَ الصَّوَابُ وَ الْحِكْمَةُ مَا دَلَّ عَلَيْهِ، وَ السَّعِيدُ مَنْ وَصَلَ حَبْلَهُ بِحَبْلِهِ، وَ الشَّقِيُّ الْهَالِكُ مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْ جُمْلَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِهِ وَ الْمُطِيعِينَ لَهُ.
And they took Amir Al-Momineen-asws as an Imam-asws of Guidance, a saviour from the destruction, the truth being whatever he-asws called to, and the correct and wise is whatever he-asws pointed upon, and the fortunate is the one linked his rope with his-asws rope, and the wretched is the one who exited from the entirety of the believers in him-asws and the ones obedient to him-asws.
نِعْمَ الْمَطَايَا إِلَى الْجِنَانِ مَطَايَاهُمْ، سَوْفَ نُنْزِلُهُمْ مِنْهَا أَشْرَفَ غُرَفِ الْجِنَانِ، وَ نُسْقِيهِمْ مِنَ الرَّحِيقِ الْمَخْتُومِ- مِنْ أَيْدِي الْوَصَائِفِ وَ الْوِلْدَانِ، وَ سَوْفَ نَجْعَلُهُمْ فِي دَارِ السَّلَامِ مِنْ رُفَقَاءِ مُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيِّهِمْ زَيْنِ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَ سَوْفَ يَضُمُّهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى جُمْلَةِ شِيعَةِ عَلِيٍّ الْقَرْمِ الْهُمَامِ،
The best rides to the Gardens, are their rides. Soon they would be descending from these to the most nobles of towers of the Gardens, and they would be quenching from the Sealed Nectar – from the hands of young attendants; and soon we-asws shall make them to be in the House of Peace, to be from the friends of Muhammad-saww, their Prophet-saww, as adornments of the people of Al-Islam; and soon Allah-azwj the Exalted will Combine them to the entirety of the Shias of Ali-asws, the honourable, the stately.
فَنَجْعَلُهُمْ بِذَلِكَ [مِنْ] مُلُوكِ جَنَّاتِ النَّعِيمِ، الْخَالِدِينَ فِي الْعَيْشِ السَّلِيمِ وَ النَّعِيمِ الْمُقِيمِ. هَنِيئاً لَهُمْ هَنِيئاً جَزَاءً بِمَا اعْتَقَدُوهُ وَ قَالُوا، بِفَضْلِ [اللَّهِ] الْكَرِيمِ الرَّحِيمِ نَالُوا مَا نَالُوهُ.
So we-asws would make them, due to that, to be from the kings of the Gardens of Bliss, abiding eternally in a life of safety, and the Blissful staying. Congratulations to them! Congratulations! A Recompense due to what they had been believing in, and they would be saying that It is by the Grace of Allah-azwj, the Benevolent, the Merciful, they attained what they attained’.
قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ اذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَعْدُوداتٍ فَمَنْ تَعَجَّلَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ فَلا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ وَ مَنْ تَأَخَّرَ فَلا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ لِمَنِ اتَّقى وَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ إِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ
The Words of Mighty and Majestic: And mention Allah during the numbered days; so the one who hastens off in two days, there would be no sin on him, and the one who delays, there would be no sin on him, (this is) for the one who fears; and fear Allah, and know that to Him you shall be Gathering together [2:203]
360 قَالَ الْإِمَامُ ع وَ اذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَعْدُوداتٍ وَ هِيَ الْأَيَّامُ الثَّلَاثَةُ الَّتِي هِيَ أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ بَعْدَ يَوْمِ النَّحْرِ، وَ هَذَا الذِّكْرُ هُوَ التَّكْبِيرُ بَعْدَ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْمَكْتُوبَاتِ يَبْتَدِئُ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ مِنْ آخِرِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ: «اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَ لِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ».
S 360 – The Imam (Hassan-asws Al-Askari-asws) said with regard to [2:203] And remember Allah during the numbered days – These are three days of ‘Tashreek‘ (11th, 12th, and 13th of Zilhajj) which come after the day of sacrifice. And this remembrance is the Takbeer after the prescribed Salats, starting from the Zuhr Salats on the day of sacrifice to the Zuhr Salat of the last day of Tashreek, and it is: ‘Allah-azwj is Greatest!, Allah-azwj is Greatest! There is no god except Allah-azwj, Allah-azwj is Greatest! Allah-azwj is Greatest! And for Allah-azwj is Praise’.
فَمَنْ تَعَجَّلَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ مِنْ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ فَانْصَرَفَ مِنْ حَجِّهِ إِلَى بِلَادِهِ الَّتِي هُوَ مِنْهَا «فَلا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ». «وَ مَنْ تَأَخَّرَ» إِلَى تَمَامِ الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ. «فَلا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ» [أَيْ لَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ] مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ السَّالِفَةِ، لِأَنَّهَا قَدْ غُفِرَتْ لَهُ كُلُّهَا بِحَجَّتِهِ هَذِهِ- الْمُقَارَنَةُ لِنَدَمِهِ عَلَيْهَا وَ تَوَقِّيهِ مِنْهَا.
Then whoever hastens off in two days from the days of Tashreek (11th, 12th, and 13th of Zilhajj) and completes his Hajj and returns to his city which he came from there would be no sin on him. And the one who delays – and completes the third day, there is no sin on him. I.e., there would be no sin (left) upon him – from the previous sins, because these have been Forgiven for him, all of them by this Hajj of his, the (sins) which were paired with regret over it and his preventing (himself) from these.
«لِمَنِ اتَّقى» أَنْ يُوَاقِعَ الْمُوبِقَاتِ بَعْدَهَا، فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ وَاقَعَهَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ إِثْمُهَا، وَ لَمْ تُغْفَرْ لَهُ […] تِلْكَ الذُّنُوبُ السَّالِفَةُ- بِتَوْبَةٍ قَدْ أَبْطَلَهَا بِمُوبِقَاتٍ بَعْدَهَا، وَ إِنَّمَا يَغْفِرُهَا بِتَوْبَةٍ يُجَدِّدُهَا.
(This is) for the one who fears – if he saves (himself) from the graves sins after it, for if he does indulge in these, its sin would be upon him, and would not be Forgiven for him – those previous sins with repentance which has been invalidated by graves sins committed after it. And rather, these would be Forgiven by the renewed repentance.
«وَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ» يَا أَيُّهَا الْحَاجُّ- الْمَغْفُورُ لَهُمْ سَالِفُ ذُنُوبِهِمْ- بِحَجِّهِمُ الْمَقْرُونِ بِتَوْبَتِهِمْ، فَلَا تُعَاوِدُوا الْمُوبِقَاتِ فَيَعُودَ إِلَيْكُمْ أَثْقَالُهَا، وَ يُثَقِّلَكُمُ احْتِمَالُهَا، فَلَا يُغْفَرُ لَكُمْ إِلَّا بِتَوْبَةٍ بَعْدَهَا. وَ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ إِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ فَيَنْظُرُ فِي أَعْمَالِكُمْ فَيُجَازِيكُمْ عَلَيْهَا.
And fear Allah – O you Pilgrims, the ones whose past sins have been Forgiven for them due to their Hajj paired with their repentance! Therefore, do not be repeating the grave sins, for its weight would be returning to you, and carrying these would weigh you down, so these would not be Forgiven for you except by a (renewed) repentance after it. And know that to Him you shall be Gathering together [2:203] – so He-azwj would be Looking into your deeds, and would be Recompensing you upon these.
361 قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع عِبَادَ اللَّهِ اجْعَلُوا حَجَّتَكُمْ مَقْبُولَةً مَبْرُورَةً، وَ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ أَنْ تَجْعَلُوهَا مَرْدُودَةً عَلَيْكُمْ أَقْبَحَ الرَّدِّ، وَ أَنْ تُصَدُّوا عَنْ جَنَّةِ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَقْبَحَ الصَّدِّ
S 361 – Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘Servants of Allah-azwj! Make you Hajj to be Accepted, correct, and beware of make these rejected upon you with an ugly repelling, and you would be Blocked from the Shield of Allah-azwj on the Day of Judgment with an ugly blocking.
أَلَا وَ إِنَّ مَا يُحِلُّهَا مَحَلَّ الْقَبُولِ- مَا يَقْتَرِنُ بِهَا مِنْ مُوَالاةِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ آلِهِمَا الطَّيِّبِينَ وَ إِنَّ مَا يُسَفِّلُهَا وَ يُرْذِلُهَا مَا يَقْتَرِنُ بِهَا- مِنِ اتِّخَاذِ الْأَنْدَادِ مِنْ دُونِ أَئِمَّةِ الْحَقِّ- وَ وُلَاةِ الصِّدْقِ: عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ الْمُنْتَجَبِينَ مِمَّنْ يَخْتَارُهُ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ وَ ذَوِيهِ.
Indeed! What permits it to be in the place of Acceptance is what is paired with it from the Wilayah of Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws, and their-asws goodly Progeny-asws; and that what lowers it and makes it despicable is what is paired with it from the taking of the rivals from besides the Imams-asws of the Truth, and friendship of the truthful, Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and the Chosen ones from what He-azwj Chose from his-asws offspring and his-asws relatives.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: طُوبَى لِلْمُوَالِينَ عَلِيّاً إِيمَاناً بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ تَصْدِيقاً لِمَقَالِهِ كَيْفَ يُذَكِّرُهُمُ اللَّهُ بِأَشْرَفِ الذِّكْرِ مِنْ فَوْقِ عَرْشِهِ. وَ كَيْفَ يُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِمْ مَلَائِكَةُ الْعَرْشِ وَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَ الْحُجُبِ وَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ الْهَوَاءِ، وَ مَا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ وَ مَا تَحْتَهَا إِلَى الثَّرَى.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Beatitude is for the friends of Ali-asws who believe in Muhammad-saww and ratify His-azwj Words how He-azwj Mentions them-asws with the noblest of the mentions, from above His-azwj Throne. And how they send Salawat upon them-asws, the Angels of the Throne, and the Chair, and the Veils, and the skies, and the earth, and the atmosphere, and what is in between that, and what is beneath it to the ground.
وَ كَيْفَ يُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِمْ أَمْلَاكُ الْغُيُومِ وَ الْأَمْطَارِ، وَ أَمْلَاكُ الْبَرَارِي وَ الْبِحَارِ، وَ شَمْسُ السَّمَاءِ وَ قَمَرُهَا وَ نُجُومُهَا، وَ حَصْبَاءُ الْأَرْضِ وَ رِمَالُهَا، وَ سَائِرُ مَا يَدِبُّ مِنَ الْحَيَوَانَاتِ فَيُشَرِّفُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِصَلَاةِ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهَا لَدَيْهِ مَحَالَّهُمْ، وَ يُعَظِّمُ عِنْدَهُ جَلَالَهُمْ حَتَّى يَرِدُوا عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ. وَ قَدْ شُهِرُوا بِكَرَامَاتِ اللَّهِ عَلَى رُءُوسِ الْأَشْهَادِ، وَ جُعِلُوا مِنْ رُفَقَاءِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ صَفِيِّ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ.
And how the Angels of the clouds and the rain, and the Angels of the lands and the seas, and sun of the sky and its moon and its stars, and the gravels of the earth and its sands, and the rest of what are crawling from the animals. So, Allah-azwj the Exalted Ennobled with the Salawat of each one of these from their respective places, and magnificent is their-asws majesty in His-azwj Presence, until they-asws would return to Him-azwj on the Day of Judgment. And they are well-known with the Prestige of Allah-azwj, upon heads of the ones present, and they would make to be from the friends of Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws, elite of the Lord-azwj of the worlds.
وَ الْوَيْلُ لِلْمُعَانِدِينَ عَلِيّاً كُفْراً بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ تَكْذِيباً بِمَقَالِهِ كَيْفَ يَلْعَنُهُمُ اللَّهُ بِأَخْزَى اللَّعْنِ مِنْ فَوْقِ عَرْشِهِ. وَ كَيْفَ يَلْعَنُهُمْ حَمَلَةُ الْعَرْشِ وَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَ الْحُجُبِ وَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ الْهَوَاءِ، وَ مَا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ، وَ مَا تَحْتَهَا إِلَى الثَّرَى. وَ كَيْفَ يَلْعَنُهُمْ أَمْلَاكُ الْغُيُومِ وَ الْأَمْطَارِ، وَ أَمْلَاكُ الْبَرَارِي وَ الْبِحَارِ، وَ شَمْسُ السَّمَاءِ وَ قَمَرُهَا وَ نُجُومُهَا، وَ حَصْبَاءُ الْأَرْضِ وَ رِمَالُهَا، وَ سَائِرُ مَا يَدِبُّ مِنَ الْحَيَوَانَاتِ.
And woe be unto the enemies of Ali-asws, doing Kufr with Muhammad-saww and belying his-saww worlds, how Allah-azwj Curses them with the most disgraceful of the Curses from above His-azwj Throne. And how they curse them, the bearers of the Thrones and the Chair, and the Veils, and the skies, and the earth, and the atmosphere, and what is in between that, and what is beneath it up to the ground. And how they curse them, the Angels of the clouds and the rains, and the Angels of the lands and the seas, and the sun of the sky and its moor and its stars, and the gravel of the earth and its sands, and the rest of what crawls from the animals.
فَيُسَفِّلُ اللَّهُ بِلَعْنِ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ لَدَيْهِ مَحَالَّهُمْ، وَ يُقَبِّحُ عِنْدَهُ أَحْوَالَهُمْ، حَتَّى يَرِدُوا عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ قَدْ شُهِرُوا بِلَعْنِ اللَّهِ وَ مَقْتِهِ عَلَى رُءُوسِ الْأَشْهَادِ، وَ جُعِلُوا مِنْ رُفَقَاءِ إِبْلِيسَ وَ نُمْرُودَ وَ فِرْعَوْنَ [وَ] أَعْدَاءِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ.
So Allah-azwj Lowers with the Cursing, each one of them from their places, and ugly is their state in His-azwj Presence, until they return to Him-azwj on the Day of Judgment, and they would be well-known with the Curse of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Abhorrence upon the heads of the ones present, and they would be Made to be from the friends of Iblees-la, and Nimrod-la, and Pharaoh-la – and (other) enemies of the Lord-azwj of the Worlds.
وَ [إِنَ] مِنْ عَظِيمِ مَا يُتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ خِيَارُ أَمْلَاكِ الْحُجُبِ وَ السَّمَاوَاتِ- الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى مُحِبِّينَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ اللَّعْنَ لِشَانِئِينَا.
And that, from the greatest of what the best of what they can get closer with (to Allah-azwj), the Angels of the Veils and the skies, is the Salawat upon those that love us-asws, the People-asws of the Household, and the cursing of our-asws adversaries’’.
قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يُعْجِبُكَ قَوْلُهُ فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا وَ يُشْهِدُ اللَّهَ عَلى ما فِي قَلْبِهِ وَ هُوَ أَلَدُّ الْخِصامِ وَ إِذا تَوَلَّى سَعى فِي الْأَرْضِ لِيُفْسِدَ فِيها وَ يُهْلِكَ الْحَرْثَ وَ النَّسْلَ وَ اللَّهُ لا يُحِبُّ الْفَسادَ وَ إِذا قِيلَ لَهُ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ أَخَذَتْهُ الْعِزَّةُ بِالْإِثْمِ فَحَسْبُهُ جَهَنَّمُ وَ لَبِئْسَ الْمِهادُ
The Words of Mighty and Majestic: And from the people there is one who astounds you with his speech regarding the life of the world, and he testifies to Allah upon what is in his heart, but he is the bitterest of the adversaries [2:204]
And when he turns around, he runs along in the land to cause mischief therein and destroy the farm and the lineage; and Allah does not love the mischief [2:205]
And when it is said to him, ‘Fear Allah’; pride seizes him with the sin; so Hell would suffice him; and it is an evil habitation [2:206]
362 قَالَ الْإِمَامُ ع فَلَمَّا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي الْآيَةِ الْمُتَقَدِّمَةِ لِهَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ بِالتَّقْوَى سِرّاً وَ عَلَانِيَةً، أَخْبَرَ مُحَمَّداً ص أَنَّ فِي النَّاسِ مَنْ يُظْهِرُهَا وَ يُسِرُّ خِلَافَهَا، وَ يَنْطَوِي عَلَى مَعَاصِي اللَّهِ،
S 362 – The Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘So when Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded in the Verse preceding these Verses with the piety in secret and openly, Informed Muhammad-saww that among the people there is one who displays it, but secretly opposite to it, and implying upon the disobedience of Allah-azwj.
فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يُعْجِبُكَ قَوْلُهُ فِي الْحَياةِ الدُّنْيا بِإِظْهَارِهِ لَكَ الدِّينَ وَ الْإِسْلَامَ، وَ تَزَيُّنِهِ بِحَضْرَتِكَ بِالْوَرَعِ وَ الْإِحْسَانِ وَ يُشْهِدُ اللَّهَ عَلى ما فِي قَلْبِهِ بِأَنْ يَحْلِفَ لَكَ بِأَنَّهُ مُؤْمِنٌ مُخْلِصٌ مُصَدِّقٌ لِقَوْلِهِ بِعَمَلِهِ وَ هُوَ أَلَدُّ الْخِصامِ شَدِيدُ الْعَدَاوَةِ وَ الْجِدَالِ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ.
Thus, He-azwj Said: “O Muhammad-saww! And from the people there is one who astounds you with his speech regarding the life of the world – by his manifesting to you-saww the Religion and Al-Islam, and adorns it in your-saww presence with the devoutness and the good works, and he testifies to Allah upon what is in his heart – by taking oaths to you-saww that he is a Momin, sincere, truthful of his words and his deeds, but he is the bitterest of the adversaries [2:204] – intense in the enmity, and the disputing with the Muslims.
وَ إِذا تَوَلَّى عَنْكَ أَدْبَرَ سَعى فِي الْأَرْضِ لِيُفْسِدَ فِيها يَعْصِي بِالْكُفْرِ الْمُخَالِفِ لِمَا أَظْهَرَ لَكَ، وَ الظُّلْمِ الْمُبَايِنِ لِمَا وَعَدَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ بِحَضْرَتِكَ. وَ يُهْلِكَ الْحَرْثَ بِأَنْ يُحْرِقَهُ أَوْ يُفْسِدَهُ، وَ النَّسْلَ بِأَنْ يَقْتُلَ الْحَيَوَانَ فَيَنْقَطِعَ نَسْلُهُ وَ اللَّهُ لا يُحِبُّ الْفَسادَ لَا يَرْضَى بِهِ وَ لَا يَتْرُكُ أَنْ يُعَاقِبَ عَلَيْهِ.
And when he turns around – away from you-saww, departing, he runs along in the land to cause mischief therein – disobeying with the Kufr, the opposite to what he is manifesting to you-saww, and the open injustice to what he promised from himself in your-saww presence, and destroy the farm – by his burning it down or spoiling it, and the lineage – by his killing the animals, so he cuts off its lineage, and Allah does not love the mischief [2:205] – not Pleased with it, nor would He-azwj Leave Punishing over it.
وَ إِذا قِيلَ لَهُ لِهَذَا الَّذِي يُعْجِبُكَ قَوْلُهُ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ دَعْ سُوءَ صَنِيعِكَ. أَخَذَتْهُ الْعِزَّةُ بِالْإِثْمِ الَّذِي هُوَ مُحْتَقِبُهُ، فَيَزْدَادُ إِلَى شَرِّهِ شَرّاً، وَ يُضِيفُ إِلَى ظُلْمِهِ ظُلْماً. فَحَسْبُهُ جَهَنَّمُ جَزَاءً لَهُ عَلَى سُوءِ فِعْلِهِ، وَ عَذَاباً. وَ لَبِئْسَ الْمِهادُ يُمَهِّدُهَا وَ يَكُونُ دَائِماً فِيهَا.
And when it is said to him – to this one who is astounding you-saww with his words, ‘Fear Allah’ – and leave your evil works, pride seizes him with the sin – the one who is masking (himself), and it increases more evil to his evil, and adds more injustice to his injustice. So Hell would suffice him – as a Recompense for him upon his evil deeds, and as a Punishment. And it is an evil habitation [2:206] – he would inhabit it, and he would happen to be forever in it’’.
363 قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع ذَمَّ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هَذَا الظَّالِمَ الْمُعْتَدِي [مِنَ الْمُخَالِفِينَ] وَ هُوَ عَلَى خِلَافِ مَا يَقُولُ منطوي [مُنْطَوٍ]، و الْإِسَاءَةِ إِلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مُضْمِرٌ، فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ [الْمُنْتَحِلِينَ لِمَحَبَّتِنَا] وَ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي قَلَّ مَا أَصَرَّ عَلَيْهَا صَاحِبُهَا إِلَّا أَدَّاهُ إِلَى الْخِذْلَانِ- الْمُؤَدِّي إِلَى الْخُرُوجِ عَنْ وَلَايَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ الطَّيِّبِينَ مِنْ آلِهِمَا، وَ الدُّخُولِ فِي مُوَالاةِ أَعْدَائِهِمَا،
S 363 – Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj the Exalted Condemned this oppressor, the aggressor from the adversaries, and he is at odds esoterically to what he is saying, and an offender to the Momineen implied (in the Verse). Therefore fear Allah-azwj, servants of Allah-azwj, the pretenders of having our-asws love, and beware of the sins which its perpetrator persists upon which would lead him to the abandonment leading to the exiting from the Wilayah of Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws, and the goodly ones from their-asws Progeny-asws, and the entering into the friendship of their-asws enemies.
فَإِنَّ مَنْ أَصَرَّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَأَدَّى خِذْلَانُهُ إِلَى الشَّقَاءِ الْأَشْقَى- مِنْ مُفَارَقَةِ وَلَايَةِ سَيِّدِ أُولِي النُّهَى، فَهُوَ مِنْ أَخْسَرِ الْخَاسِرِينَ.
The one who persists upon that, his abandonment would lead him to the wretchedness, separating him from the Wilayah of the Chief of the highest intellectuals, and he would be from the most loser of the losers’.
قَالُوا: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ مَا الذُّنُوبُ الْمُؤَدِّيَةُ إِلَى الْخِذْلَانِ الْعَظِيمِ
They said, ‘O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww! And what are the sins leading to the great abandonment?’
قَالَ: ظُلْمُكُمْ لِإِخْوَانِكُمُ- الَّذِينَ هُمْ لَكُمْ فِي تَفْضِيلِ عَلِيٍّ ع، وَ الْقَوْلِ بِإِمَامَتِهِ، وَ إِمَامَةِ مَنِ انْتَجَبَهُ [اللَّهُ] مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ مُوَافِقُونَ- وَ مُعَاوَنَتُكُمُ النَّاصِبِينَ عَلَيْهِمْ،
He-asws said: ‘You being unjust to your brethren – those who are compatible for you all in preferring Ali-asws, and the saying with his-asws Imamate and the Imamate of the ones whom Allah-azwj Chose from his-asws offspring, and your supporters against the Nasibis to them-asws.
وَ لَا تَغْتَرُّوا بِحِلْمِ اللَّهِ عَنْكُمْ، وَ طُولِ إِمْهَالِهِ لَكُمْ، فَتَكُونُوا كَمَنْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: كَمَثَلِ الشَّيْطانِ إِذْ قالَ لِلْإِنْسانِ اكْفُرْ- فَلَمَّا كَفَرَ قالَ إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْكَ- إِنِّي أَخافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعالَمِينَ
And do not be deluded by the Forbearance of Allah-azwj from you all and the prolongation of His-azwj Respite for you, for you would become like the one for whom Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Says: Like the example of Satan when he says to the human, ‘Disbelieve!’ but when he does disbelieve, he says: ‘I am disavowed from you; I fear Allah, the Lord of the Worlds’. [59:16]
[قِصَّةُ عَابِدِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ:]
Story of a worshipper of the Children of Israel
كَانَ هَذَا رَجُلٌ فِيمَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ- فِي زَمَانِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ يَتَعَاطَى الزُّهْدَ وَ الْعِبَادَةَ وَ قَدْ كَانَ قِيلَ لَهُ: إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ الزُّهْدِ، الزُّهْدُ فِي ظُلْمِ إِخْوَانِكَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ ع وَ الطَّيِّبِينَ مِنْ آلِهِمَا، وَ إِنَّ أَشْرَفَ الْعِبَادَةِ خِدْمَتُكَ إِخْوَانَكَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، الْمُوَافِقِينَ لَكَ عَلَى تَفْضِيلِ سَادَةِ الْوَرَى مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُصْطَفَى، وَ عَلِيٍّ الْمُرْتَضَى، وَ الْمُنْتَجَبِينَ الْمُخْتَارِينَ لِلْقِيَامِ بِسِيَاسَةِ الْوَرَى.
It was so that this man (called Barseesa) was among the ones who were before you, during the time of the Children of Israel. He was performing the ascetism and the worship, and it had been said to him, ‘The most superior of the abstentions, is the abstaining in being unjust to your brethren, the believers with Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws, and the goodly ones from their-asws Progeny-asws, and that the most noble of the worships is your serving your Momineen brethren, the ones compatible to you upon preferring the Chief of the devout ones, Muhammad-saww, the Chosen one (الْمُصْطَفَى), and Ali-asws, the Appointed one (الْمُرْتَضَى), and the ones Chosen, Selected for the establishment of the affairs of the devoutness.
فَعُرِفَ الرَّجُلُ بِمَا كَانَ يَظْهَرُ [مِنَ] الزُّهْدِ، فَكَانَ إِخْوَانُهُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ يُودِعُونَهُ فَيَدَّعِي [بِهَا] أَنَّهَا سُرِقَتْ وَ يَفُوزُ بِهَا، وَ إِذَا لَمْ يُمْكِنْهُ دَعْوَى السَّرِقَةِ جَحَدَهَا وَ ذَهَبَ بِهَا.
So the man was well known with what he displayed from the ascetism, and it was so that his Momineen brethren would entrust (wealth with) him, but he would claim with it that these have been stolen and he would succeed with it. And when he was not able to claim the theft, he would reject it and go away with it.
وَ مَا زَالَ هَكَذَا وَ الدَّعَاوِي لَا تُقْبَلُ فِيهِ، وَ الظُّنُونُ تُحْسَنُ بِهِ، وَ يُقْتَصَرُ مِنْهُ عَلَى أَيْمَانِهِ الْفَاجِرَةِ- إِلَى أَنْ خَذَلَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى، فَوُضِعَتْ عِنْدَهُ جَارِيَةٌ مِنْ أَجْمَلِ النِّسَاءِ قَدْ جُنَّتْ لِيُرْقِيَهَا بِرُقْيَةٍ فَتَبْرَأَ، أَوْ يُعَالِجَهَا بِدَوَاءٍ، فَحَمَلَهُ الْخِذْلَانُ عِنْدَ غَلَبَةِ الْجُنُونِ عَلَيْهَا- عَلَى وَطْيِهَا، فَأَحْبَلَهَا.
And it did not cease to be like that, and he did not face any disputes with regards to it, and they used to think good with him and were limited from him upon his mischievous belief – until such time as Allah-azwj the Exalted Abandoned him. There was placed with him a girl, from the most beautiful of the women, who had become insane, for him to be reciting the incantations so she could be cured, or he could treat her with some medication. So the Abandonment (from Allah-azwj) carried him upon his craziness over her, upon sleeping with her, and she got pregnant.
فَلَمَّا اقْتَرَبَ وَضْعُهَا جَاءَهُ الشَّيْطَانُ، فَأَخْطَرَ بِبَالِهِ أَنَّهَا تَلِدُ وَ تُعْرَفُ بِالزِّنَا بِهَا فَتُقْتَلُ، فَاقْتُلْهَا وَ ادْفِنْهَا تَحْتَ مُصَلَّاكَ. فَقَتَلَهَا وَ دَفَنَهَا، وَ طَلَبَهَا أَهْلُهَا فَقَالَ: زَادَ بِهَا جُنُونُهَا فَمَاتَتْ.
So when (the time for) her giving birth came near, Satan-la came and cautioned in his mind, ‘If she were to give birth and the adultery would be known with her, you would be killed. Therefore kill her and bury her under your prayer place’. So he killed her and buried her, and her family came seeking, but he said, ‘Her madness increased with her, so she died (from it)’.
فَاتَّهَمُوهُ وَ حَفَرُوا تَحْتَ مُصَلَّاهُ، فَوَجَدُوهَا مَقْتُولَةً مَدْفُونَةً حُبْلَى مُقْرِبَةً فَأَخَذُوهُ وَ انْضَافَ إِلَى هَذِهِ الْخَطِيئَةِ- دَعَاوِي الْقَوْمِ الْكَثِيرَةِ الَّذِينَ جَحَدَهُمْ، فَقَوِيَتْ عَلَيْهِ التُّهَمَةُ وَ ضُويِقَ [عَلَيْهِ الطَّرِيقُ] فَاعْتَرَفَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بِالْخَطِيئَةِ بِالزِّنَا بِهَا، وَ قَتْلِهَا فَمُلِئَ بَطْنُهُ وَ ظَهْرُهُ سِيَاطاً، وَ صُلِبَ عَلَى شَجَرَةٍ.
So they accused him, and they dug under his praying place, and they found her killed, buried, and pregnant, close to giving birth. So they seized him and supplemented to this sin, the numerous claims of the people, those whom he had rejected. The accusations against him strengthened and the way out became constricted upon him, so he acknowledged upon himself with the sin of adultery with her and killing her. So they flogged his belly and his back and crucified him upon a tree.
فَجَاءَهُ بَعْضُ شَيَاطِينِ الْإِنْسِ وَ قَالَ لَهُ: مَا الَّذِي أَغْنَى عَنْكَ عِبَادَةُ مَنْ كُنْتَ تَعْبُدُهُ وَ مُوَالاةُ مَنْ كُنْتَ تُوَالِيهِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ الطَّيِّبِينَ مِنْ آلِهِمَا الَّذِينَ زَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمْ فِي الشَّدَائِدِ أَنْصَارُكَ، وَ فِي الْمُلِمَّاتِ أَعْوَانُكَ.
So one of the satans-la of the humans (a mischief maker) came and said to him, ‘What is what which availed you from worshipping the One-azwj Whom you were worshipping, and the Wilayah of the one whom you befriended, from Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws, and the goodly from their-asws Progeny-asws, those whom you claimed that they-asws would be your helpers during the difficulties, and during the calamities, they-asws would be assisting you?
وَ ذَهَبَ مَا كُنْتَ تُؤَمِّلُ هَبَاءً مَنْثُوراً، وَ انْكَشَفَتْ أَحَادِيثُهُمْ لَكَ، وَ أَطْمَاعُهُمْ إِيَّاكَ مِنْ أَعْظَمِ الْغُرُورِ، وَ أَبْطَلِ الْأَبَاطِيلِ، وَ أَنَا الْإِمَامُ الَّذِي كُنْتَ تُدْعَى إِلَيْهِ، وَ صَاحِبُ الْحَقِّ الَّذِي كُنْتَ تُدَلُّ عَلَيْهِ، وَ قَدْ كُنْتَ بِاعْتِقَادِ إِمَامَةِ غَيْرِي مِنْ قَبْلُ مَغْرُوراً
And it has gone away, what you used to work, like floating dust, and their-asws conversations have been exposed to you, and your longing for them-asws is from the greatest of deceptions, and the most false of the falsehoods. And I am the imam whom you should be calling to, and the owner of the truth which you used to point upon, and it has been so that the belief in the imamate of others from before was a deception.
– فَإِنْ أَرَدْتَ أَنْ أُخَلِّصَكَ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ، وَ أَذْهَبَ بِكَ إِلَى بِلَادٍ نَازِحَةٍ، وَ أَجْعَلَكَ هُنَاكَ رَئِيساً سَيِّداً فَاسْجُدْ لِي عَلَى خَشَبَتِكَ هَذِهِ سَجْدَةَ مُعْتَرِفٍ- بِأَنِّي أَنَا الْمَلِكُ لِإِنْقَاذِكَ لِأُنْقِذَكَ.
Thus, if you want that I should finish you off from them (people), and go with you to a distant city and make you a leader, a chief, then do Sajda to me upon this wood of yours, a Sajda of acknowledgment, that I am the king to save you and spare you’.
فَغَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ الشَّقَاءُ وَ الْخِذْلَانُ، وَ اعْتَقَدَ قَوْلَهُ وَ سَجَدَ لَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَنْقِذْنِي.
So the wretchedness overcame upon him, and the Abandonment, and he believed his words and performed a Sajda to him, then said, ‘Save me!’
فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْكَ، إِنِّي أَخافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعالَمِينَ وَ جَعَلَ يَسْخَرُ وَ يَطْنِزُ بِهِ، وَ تَحَيَّرَ الْمَصْلُوبُ، وَ اضْطَرَبَ عَلَيْهِ اعْتِقَادُهُ، وَ مَاتَ بِأَسْوَإِ عَاقِبَةٍ، فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي أَدَّاهُ إِلَى هَذَا الْخِذْلَانِ.
But he said to him, ‘‘I am disavowed from you; I fear Allah, the Lord of the Worlds’. [59:16], and he went on mocking and chiding him. And the crucified one was confused and beseeched upon him of his belief, and he died with an evil ending. Thus, that is the one who invites to this Abandonment’.
قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغاءَ مَرْضاتِ اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ رَؤُفٌ بِالْعِبادِ
The Words of Mighty and Majestic: And from the people there is one who sells his self, seeking the Pleasure of Allah; and Allah is Affectionate with the servants [2:207]
364 قَالَ الْإِمَامُ ع وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ يَبِيعُهَا ابْتِغاءَ مَرْضاتِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَيَعْمَلُ بِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ، وَ يَأْمُرُ النَّاسَ بِهَا، وَ يَصْبِرُ عَلَى مَا يَلْحَقُهُ مِنَ الْأَذَى فِيهَا، فَيَكُونُ كَمَنْ بَاعَ نَفْسَهُ، وَ سَلَّمَهَا مَرْضَاةَ اللَّهِ عِوَضاً مِنْهَا، فَلَا يُبَالِي مَا حَلَّ بِهَا بَعْدَ أَنْ يَحْصُلَ لَهَا رِضَاءُ رَبِّهَا وَ اللَّهُ رَؤُفٌ بِالْعِبادِ كُلِّهِمْ.
S 364 – The Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘And from the people there is one who sells his self – he-asws is selling it, seeking Pleasure of Allah – Mighty and Majestic. So he-asws works in the obedience of Allah-azwj, and he-asws instructs the people with it (as well), and he-asws is patient upon what he-asws faces from the harm during it. Thus, he-asws becomes like one who sold himself, and submitted himself to the Pleasure of Allah-azwj instead of himself, therefore he-asws does not care what happens with it after having achieved the Pleasure of its Lord-azwj, and Allah is Affectionate with the servants [2:207] – all of them.
أَمَّا الطَّالِبُونَ لِرِضَاهُ، فَيُبْلِغُهُمْ أَقْصَى أَمَانِيِّهِمْ، وَ يَزِيدُهُمْ عَلَيْهَا مَا لَمْ تَبْلُغْهُ آمَالُهُمْ وَ أَمَّا الْفَاجِرُونَ فِي دِينِهِ فَيَتَأَنَّاهُمْ، وَ يَرْفُقُ بِهِمْ، وَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى طَاعَتِهِ، وَ لَا يُقْطَعُ مِنْ عِلْمٍ أَنَّهُ سَيَتُوبُ عَنْ ذُنُوبِهِ التَّوْبَةَ- الْمُوجِبَةَ لَهُ عَظِيمَ كَرَامَتِهِ.
As for the seekers of His-azwj Pleasure, so He-azwj Gives them the maximum of their aspiration, and Increases them upon it what their deeds did not reach upon. And as for the immoral ones in His-azwj Religion, so He-azwj is Patient with them and is Kind with them, and Invites them to His-azwj obedience, and does not Cut off from the Knowledge that he would be repenting from his sins, the repentance which would Obligate for him His-azwj great Prestige’’.
[ذِكْرُ جَلَالَةِ قَدْرِ بِلَالٍ]
Mention of majesty and worth of Bilal-ra
365 قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع وَ هَؤُلَاءِ خِيَارٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَذَّبَهُمْ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ لِيُفْتِنُوهُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِمْ، مِنْهُمْ بِلَالٌ، وَ صُهَيْبٌ، وَ خَبَّابٌ، وَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ وَ أَبَوَاهُ: فَأَمَّا بِلَالٌ، فَاشْتَرَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ بِعَبْدَيْنِ لَهُ أَسْوَدَيْنِ، وَ رَجَعَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَكَانَ تَعْظِيمُهُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَضْعَافَ تَعْظِيمِهِ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ.
S 365 – And they were from the best of the companions of Rasool-Allah-saww, being hurt by the people of Makkah in order to try them about their Religion – among them were Bilal-ra, and Suheyb, and Khabbab, and Ammar Bin Yasser-ra and his-ra parents. As for Bilal-ra, Abu Bakr Bin Abu Quhafa had bought him-ra by (in exchange of) two black slaves of his, and he-ra returned to the Prophet-saww. And it was so that his-ra reverence to Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws was a multiple of his-ra reverence to Abu Bakr.
فَقَالَ الْمُفْسِدُونَ: يَا بِلَالُ كَفَرْتَ النِّعْمَةَ، وَ نَقَضْتَ تَرْتِيبَ الْفَضْلِ، أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَوْلَاكَ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاكَ وَ أَعْتَقَكَ، وَ أَنْقَذَكَ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ، وَ وَفَّرَ عَلَيْكَ نَفْسَكَ وَ كَسْبَكَ، وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع لَمْ يَفْعَلْ بِكَ شَيْئاً مِنْ هَذِهِ، وَ أَنْتَ تُوَقِّرُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ عَلِيّاً بِمَا لَا تُوَقِّرُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ، إِنَّ هَذَا كُفْرٌ لِلنِّعْمَةِ وَ جَهْلٌ بِالتَّرْتِيبِ.
So the corrupters said, ‘O Bilal-ra! You are doing Kufr of the Bounty, and you are breaking the sequence of the preference. Abu Bakr is your-ra master who bought you-ra and freed you-ra, and saved you-ra from the punishment, and gave yourself (dignity to you) and your-ra earnings, whereas Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws did not do anything from these with you-ra, and you-ra are revering Abu Al-Hassan Ali-asws with what you-ra are not revering Abu Bakr with. This is Kufr of the Bounty and ignoring the sequential order!’
فَقَالَ بِلَالٌ: أَ فَيَلْزَمُنِي أَنْ أُوَقِّرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَوْقَ تَوْقِيرِي لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص قَالُوا: مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ.
So Bilal-ra said, ‘Are you imposing upon me-ra that I should revere Abu Bakr above my reverence for Rasool-Allah-saww?’ They said, ‘Allah-azwj Forbid!’
قَالَ: قَدْ خَالَفَ قَوْلُكُمْ هَذَا قَوْلَكُمُ الْأَوَّلَ، إِنْ كَانَ لَا يَجُوزُ لِي أَنْ أُفَضِّلَ عَلِيّاً ع عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ، لِأَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَعْتَقَنِي، فَكَذَلِكَ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ أُفَضِّلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ، لِأَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَعْتَقَنِي،
He-ra said, ‘These words of yours have opposed these former words of yours. If it was not allowed that I-ra prefer Ali-asws over Abu Bakr because Abu Bakr freed me, similar to that it would not be allowed that I-ra prefer Rasool-Allah-saww over Abu Bakr, because Abu Bakr freed me-ra’.
قَالُوا لَا سَوَاءٌ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَفْضَلُ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ قَالَ بِلَالٌ: وَ لَا سَوَاءٌ أَيْضاً أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عَلِيٌّ، إِنَّ عَلِيّاً [هُوَ] نَفْسُ أَفْضَلِ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ، فَهُوَ [أَيْضاً] أَفْضَلُ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهِ ص، وَ أَحَبُّ الْخَلْقِ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى- لِأَكْلِهِ الطَّيْرَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص الَّذِي دَعَا: «اللَّهُمَّ ائْتِنِي بِأَحَبِّ خَلْقِكَ إِلَيْكَ» وَ هُوَ أَشْبَهُ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ لَمَّا جَعَلَهُ أَخَاهُ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ.
They said, ‘It is not the same. Rasool-Allah-saww is the most superior of the creatures of Allah-azwj’. Bilal-ra said, ‘And they are not the same as well, Abu Bakr and Ali-asws. Ali-asws, he-asws is a soul of the most superior of the creatures of Allah-azwj, and he-asws as well is the most superior of the creatures of Allah-azwj after His-azwj Prophet-saww and the most beloved of the creatures to Allah-azwj the Exalted – for his-asws eating the bird with Rasool-Allah-saww which he-saww supplicated: ‘O Allah-azwj! Come to me-saww with the most Beloved of the creatures to You-azwj!’, and he-asws is the most resembling of the creatures of Allah-azwj with Rasool-Allah-saww due to him-asws having been made to be his-saww brother in the Religion of Allah-azwj.
وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لَا يَلْتَمِسُ [مِنِّي] مَا تَلْتَمِسُونَ، لِأَنَّهُ يَعْرِفُ مِنْ فَضْلِ عَلِيٍّ ع مَا تَجْهَلُونَ أَيْ يَعْرِفُ أَنَّ حَقَّ عَلِيٍّ [عَلَيَ] أَعْظَمُ مِنْ حَقِّهِ، لِأَنَّهُ أَنْقَذَنِي مِنْ رِقِّ الْعَذَابِ- الَّذِي لَوْ دَامَ عَلَيَّ وَ صَبَرْتُ عَلَيْهِ- لَصِرْتُ إِلَى جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ، وَ عَلِيٌّ أَنْقَذَنِي مِنْ رِقِّ عَذَابِ الْأَبَدِ، وَ أَوْجَبَ لِي بِمُوَالاتِي لَهُ وَ تَفْضِيلِي إِيَّاهُ نَعِيمَ الْأَبَدِ.
And Abu Bakr (himself) does not seek from me-ra what you are seeking, because he knows from the merits of Ali-asws what you are ignorant of – i.e. he knows that the right of Ali-asws is greater than his own right, because he-asws saved me-ra from the yoke of Punishment – which, if it had been perpetuated upon me-ra and I-ra had been patient upon it – I-ra would have come to be to the Gardens of Eden, and Ali-asws would have saved me-ra from the yoke of eternal Punishment, and it would have been obligated for me-ra due to my Wilayah for him-asws and my-ra preferring him-asws, eternal Bliss’.
[فَضِيلَةٌ لِصُهَيْبٍ:]
Excellence of Suheyb
قَالَ ع وَ أَمَّا صُهَيْبٌ، فَقَالَ: أَنَا شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ لَا يَضُرُّكُمْ كُنْتُ مَعَكُمْ أَوْ عَلَيْكُمْ فَخُذُوا مَالِي وَ دَعُونِي وَ دِينِي. فَأَخَذُوا مَالَهُ وَ تَرَكُوهُ.
He-asws said: ‘And as for Suheyb, so he said, ‘I am an old man. It does not harm me whether I was with you or against you. So take my wealth and leave me and my Religion’. So they took his wealth and left him.
فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص [لَمَّا جَاءَ إِلَيْهِ]: يَا صُهَيْبُ كَمْ كَانَ مَالُكَ الَّذِي سَلَّمْتَهُ قَالَ: سَبْعَةَ آلَافٍ. قَالَ: طَابَتْ نَفْسُكَ بِتَسْلِيمِهِ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً- لَوْ كَانَتِ الدُّنْيَا كُلُّهَا ذَهَبَةً حَمْرَاءَ لَجَعَلْتُهَا عِوَضاً عَنْ نَظْرَةٍ أَنْظُرُهَا إِلَيْكَ، وَ نَظْرَةٍ أَنْظُرُهَا إِلَى أَخِيكَ وَ وَصِيِّكَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
So Rasool-Allah-saww said to him, when he came over to him-saww: ‘O Suheyb! How much was your wealth which you submitted?’ He said, ‘Seven thousand’. He-saww said: ‘Feel good with yourself for submitting it’. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! By the One-azwj Who Sent you-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww – even if the world, all of it was red gold, I would have made it to be instead of one look I look at you-saww, and one look I look are your-saww brother-asws and your-saww successor-asws Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: يَا صُهَيْبُ قَدْ أَعْجَزْتَ خُزَّانَ الْجِنَانِ عَنْ إِحْصَاءِ مَا لَكَ فِيهَا بِمَالِكَ هَذَا وَ اعْتِقَادِكَ، فَلَا يُحْصِيهَا إِلَّا خَالِقُهَا.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Suheyb! The treasures of the Gardens are frustrated from counting what is for you therein due to this wealth of yourself and your belief. So none can count it except its Creator’.
[فَضِيلَةٌ لِخَبَّابِ بْنِ الْأَرَتِّ:]
Excellence of Khabbab Bin Al-Arat
وَ أَمَّا خَبَّابُ بْنُ الْأَرَتِّ، فَكَانُوا قَدْ قَيَّدُوهُ بِقَيْدٍ وَ غُلٍ فَدَعَا اللَّهَ تَعَالَى بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ آلِهِمَا الطَّيِّبِينَ، فَحَوَّلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْقَيْدَ فَرَساً رَكِبَهُ، وَ حَوَّلَ الْغُلَّ سَيْفاً بِحَمَائِلَ تَقَلَّدَهُ فَخَرَجَ [عَنْهُمْ] مِنْ أَعْمَالِهِمْ.
And as for Khabbab Bin Al-Arat, so they had shackled him with (iron) handcuffs and collar. So he supplicated to Allah-azwj the Exalted by Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws, and their-asws goodly Progeny-asws, and Allah-azwj the Exalted Transformed the handcuffs into a riding horse, and Transformed the collar into a collared sword, so he came out from them, from their deeds.
فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا مَا ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ آيَاتِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص لَمْ يَجْسُرْ أَحَدٌ أَنْ يَقْرَبَهُ، وَ جَرَّدَ سَيْفَهُ وَ قَالَ: مَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَقْرُبْ، فَإِنِّي سَأَلْتُهُ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنْ لَا أُصِيبَ بِسَيْفِي أَبَا قُبَيْسٍ إِلَّا قَدَدْتُهُ نِصْفَيْنِ، فَضْلًا عَنْكُمْ. فَتَرَكُوهُ فَجَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص.
So when they saw what had appeared upon him from the Signs of Muhammad-saww, no one had the audacity to come near him. And he unsheathed his sword and said, ‘Whoever desires to, so let him come closer, for I have asked Him-azwj by Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws that (even mount) Abu Qubays would not be hit by my sword except it would split into two halves, excess from you all’. So they left him, and he came over to Rasool-Allah-saww’.
[فَضِيلَةٌ لِعَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ:]
Excellence of Ammar Bin Yasser-ra
وَ أَمَّا [أَبُو عَمَّارٍ] يَاسِرٌ، وَ أُمُّ عَمَّارٍ فَقُتِلَا فِي اللَّهِ صَبْراً.
And as for Yasser (father of Ammar-ra) and mother of Ammar-ra, so they were both killed, while being patient.
وَ أَمَّا عَمَّارٌ فَكَانَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ يُعَذِّبُهُ، فَضَيَّقَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ خَاتَمَهُ فِي إِصْبَعِهِ حَتَّى أَضْرَعَهُ وَ أَذَلَّهُ، وَ ثَقُلَ عَلَيْهِ قَمِيصُهُ حَتَّى صَارَ أَثْقَلَ مِنْ بَدَنَاتِ حَدِيدٍ، فَقَالَ لِعَمَّارٍ: خَلِّصْنِي مِمَّا أَنَا فِيهِ، فَمَا هُوَ إِلَّا مِنْ عَمَلِ صَاحِبِكَ.
And as for Ammar-ra, Abu Jahl-la used to torment him-ra, so Allah-azwj Constricted his-la ring in his-la finger until he-la was humiliated and disgraced, and his-la was heavy upon him-la until it came to be heavier than an iron coat of mail. So he-la said to Ammar-ra, ‘Finish me-la off from what I-la am in, for it is not except from a deed of your-ra master-saww’.
فَخَلَعَ خَاتَمَهُ مِنْ إِصْبَعِهِ وَ قَمِيصَهُ مِنْ بَدَنِهِ، وَ قَالَ الْبَسْهُ، وَ لَا أَرَاكَ بِمَكَّةَ تَفْتِنُهَا عَلَيَّ، وَ انْصَرَفَ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ.
So his-la ring freed from his-la finger and (so did) his-la shirt from his-la body, and he-la said, ‘Wear it, and I-la should not see you-ra in Makkah constricting these upon me-la, and leave to go to Muhammad-saww’.
فَقِيلَ لِعَمَّارٍ: مَا بَالُ خَبَّابٍ نَجَا بِتِلْكَ الْآيَةِ، وَ أَبَوَاكَ أُسْلِمَا لِلْعَذَابِ حَتَّى قُتِلَا قَالَ عَمَّارٌ: ذَلِكَ حُكْمُ مَنْ أَنْقَذَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع مِنَ النَّارِ، وَ امْتَحَنَ بِالْقَتْلِ يَحْيَى وَ زَكَرِيَّا ع
It was said to Ammar-ra, ‘What is the matter Khabbab was rescued with that Sign and your-ra father submitted to the punishment until he was killed?’ Ammar-ra said, ‘That is a Decision of the One-azwj Who Saved Ibrahim-as from the fire, and Tested Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as with the killing’.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: أَنْتَ مِنْ كِبَارِ الْفُقَهَاءِ يَا عَمَّارُ. فَقَالَ عَمَّارٌ: حَسْبِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ- مَعْرِفَتِي بِأَنَّكَ رَسُولُ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَ سَيِّدُ الْخَلْقِ أَجْمَعِينَ، وَ أَنَّ أَخَاكَ عَلِيّاً وَصِيُّكَ وَ خَلِيفَتُكَ، وَ خَيْرُ مَنْ تُخَلِّفُهُ بَعْدَكَ، وَ أَنَّ الْقَوْلَ الْحَقَّ قَوْلُكَ وَ قَوْلُهُ، وَ الْفِعْلَ الْحَقَّ فِعْلُكَ وَ فِعْلُهُ، وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَا وَفَّقَنِي لِمُوَالاتِكُمَا وَ مُعَادَاةِ أَعْدَائِكُمَا- إِلَّا وَ قَدْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَنِي مَعَكُمَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘You-ra are from the great jurists (Fuqaha) O Ammar-ra!’ So Ammar-ra said, ‘It suffices me-ra, O Rasool-Allah-saww, from the knowledge – my-ra recognition that you-saww are a Rasool-saww of the Lord-azwj of the worlds, and Chief of the creatures in their entirety, and that your-saww brother Ali-asws is your-saww successor and your-saww Caliph, and the best on to replace you-saww after you-saww, and that the word of truth is your-saww word and his-asws word, and the right deed is your-saww deed and his-asws deed, and that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic did not Incline me-ra to both your-asws Wilayah and the enmity to your-asws enemies, except and He-azwj has Intended to Make me-ra to be with you-asws both, in the world and the Hereafter’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: هُوَ كَمَا قُلْتَ يَا عَمَّارُ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُؤَيِّدُ بِكَ الدِّينَ وَ يَقْطَعُ بِكَ مَعَاذِيرَ الْغَافِلِينَ، وَ يُوضِحُ بِكَ عَنْ عِنَادِ الْمُعَانِدِينَ- إِذَا قَتَلَتْكَ الْفِئَةُ الْبَاغِيَةُ عَلَى الْمُحِقِّينَ.
So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘It is as you say it to be, O Ammar-ra! Allah-azwj would be Aiding the Religion by you-ra and Cutting off the excuses of the heedless ones by you-ra, and Clarifying the enmity of the enemies by you-ra – when a rebellious group would be killing you against the rightful ones’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: يَا عَمَّارُ بِالْعِلْمِ نِلْتَ مَا نِلْتَ مِنْ هَذَا الْفَضْلِ، فَازْدَدْ مِنْهُ تَزْدَدْ فَضْلًا، فَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا خَرَجَ فِي طَلَبِ الْعِلْمِ- نَادَاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ فَوْقِ الْعَرْشِ: مَرْحَباً بِكَ يَا عَبْدِي أَ تَدْرِي أَيَّةَ مَنْزِلَةٍ تَطْلُبُ وَ أَيَّةَ دَرَجَةٍ تَرُومُ مُضَاهَاةَ مَلَائِكَتِي الْمُقَرَّبِينَ لِتَكُونَ لَهُمْ قَرِيناً لَأُبَلِّغَنَّكَ مُرَادَكَ وَ لأصلنك [لَأُوصِلَنَّكَ] بِحَاجَتِكَ.
Then he-saww said to him-ra: ‘O Ammar-ra! With the knowledge you achieved what you-ra have achieved from these merits, therefore increase from it the increased merits, for the servant, when he goes out seeking the knowledge – Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Calls out to him from above the Throne: “Congratulations, O My-azwj servant! Do you know which status you are seeking, and which level you are wishing for? It resembles (that of) My-azwj Angels of Proximity in order to be a pairing for them shall Make you reach your goal and will Help you to fulfil your needs”.
قِيلَ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع: مَا مَعْنَى مُضَاهَاةِ مَلَائِكَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ لِيَكُونَ لَهُمْ قَرِيناً قَالَ: أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ شَهِدَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لا إِلهَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَ الْمَلائِكَةُ- وَ أُولُوا الْعِلْمِ قائِماً بِالْقِسْطِ- لا إِلهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ.
It was said to Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws, ‘What is the meaning of resembling the Angels of Proximity of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, in order to become a pairing for them?’ He-asws said:’ Have you not heard Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Saying: Allah bears witness that there is no god but He, and (so do) the Angels and those possessed of knowledge, Maintaining His creation with justice; there is no god but He, the Mighty, the Wise [3:18]?
فَابْتَدَأَ بِنَفْسِهِ، وَ ثَنَّى بِمَلَائِكَتِهِ، وَ ثَلَّثَ بِأُولِى الْعِلْمِ الَّذِينَ هُمْ قُرَنَاءُ مَلَائِكَتِهِ [أَوَّلُهُمْ] وَ سَيِّدُهُمْ مُحَمَّدٌ ص، وَ ثَانِيهِمْ عَلِيٌّ ع، وَ ثَالِثُهُمْ (أَقْرَبُ أَهْلِهِ إِلَيْهِ)، وَ أَحَقُّهُمْ بِمَرْتَبَتِهِ بَعْدَهُ.
So He-azwj Began with Himself-azwj, and secondly with His-azwj Angels, and thirdly with the ones with knowledge, those who are the pairings with His-azwj Angels – the first of them and their chief being Muhammad-saww, and their second one being Ali-asws, and their third one being the closes of his-saww family to him-saww, and the most deserving ones with the rankings after him-saww.
قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع: ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ مَعَاشِرَ الشِّيعَةِ الْعُلَمَاءُ لِعِلْمِنَا تَالُونَ لَنَا، مَقْرُونُونَ بِنَا وَ بِمَلَائِكَةِ اللَّهِ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ، شُهَدَاءُ [لِلَّهِ] بِتَوْحِيدِهِ وَ عَدْلِهِ وَ كَرَمِهِ وَ جُودِهِ، قَاطِعُونَ لِمَعَاذِيرِ الْمُعَانِدِينَ مِنْ عَبِيدِهِ وَ إِمَائِهِ،
Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘Then you, group of Shias, the learners of our-asws knowledge coming to us-asws, joined with us-asws and with the Angels of Proximity, the testifiers to Allah-azwj of His-azwj Tawheed, and His-azwj Justice, and His-azwj Benevolence, and His-azwj generosity, the ones cutting off the excuses of the obstinate ones from His-azwj servants and His-azwj maids.
فَنِعْمَ الرَّأْيُ لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ رَأَيْتُمْ، وَ نِعْمَ الْحَظُّ الْجَزِيلُ اخْتَرْتُمْ، وَ بِأَشْرَفِ السَّعَادَةِ سَعِدْتُمْ- حِينَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ ع قُرِنْتُمْ، وَ عُدُولُ اللَّهِ فِي أَرْضِهِ شَاهِرِينَ بِتَوْحِيدِهِ وَ تَمْجِيدِهِ جُعِلْتُمْ،
So the best of the opinions of yourselves are your views, and the best of the plentiful shares you have chosen, and with the noblest of the fortunes you would be fortunate with – when you would be joined with Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws and would be spreading for Allah-azwj in His-azwj earth, with His-azwj Tawheed and His-azwj Glory.
وَ هَنِيئاً لَكُمْ، إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً لَسَيِّدُ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ الْآخِرِينَ، وَ إِنَّ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ خَيْرُ آلِ النَّبِيِّينَ، وَ إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُوَالِينَ لِأَوْلِيَاءِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ ع، وَ الْمُتَبَرِّءِينَ مِنْ أَعْدَائِهِمَا، أَفْضَلُ صَحَابَةِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ،
And congratulations to you, that Muhammad-saww is the Chief of the former ones and the latter ones, and that the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww are the best of the progenies of the Prophets-as, and that the companions of Muhammad-saww are the friends of the friends of Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws, and the disavower from their-asws enemies, are the most superior of the companions of the Mursils-as.
وَ إِنَّ أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُوَالِينَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ، الْمُتَبَرِّءِينَ مِنْ أَعْدَائِهِمَا، أَفْضَلُ أُمَمِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَا يَقْبَلُ مِنْ أَحَدٍ عَمَلًا- إِلَّا بِهَذَا الِاعْتِقَادِ، وَ لَا يَغْفِرُ لَهُ ذَنْباً، وَ لَا يَقْبَلُ لَهُ حَسَنَةً، وَ لَا يَرْفَعُ لَهُ دَرَجَةً إِلَّا بِهِ.
And that the community of Muhammad-saww, the befrienders of Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws, the disavowers from their-asws enemies, are the most superior of the communities of the Mursils-as, and that Allah-azwj the Exalted will not Accept a deed from anyone except with these beliefs, nor Forgive a sin for him, nor Accept a good deed for him, nor Raise for him a level, except by it’.
قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا ادْخُلُوا فِي السِّلْمِ كَافَّةً وَ لا تَتَّبِعُوا خُطُواتِ الشَّيْطانِ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُبِينٌ فَإِنْ زَلَلْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جاءَتْكُمُ الْبَيِّناتُ فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
The Words of Mighty and Majestic: O you those who are believing! Enter into the submission all (of you) and do not follow the footsteps of Satan; he is for you all, a Clarified enemy [2:208]
But if you slip from after clear arguments have come to you, then know that Allah is Mighty, Wise [2:209]
366 قَالَ الْإِمَامُ ع فَلَمَّا ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْفَرِيقَيْنِ: أَحَدُهُمَا وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يُعْجِبُكَ قَوْلُهُ وَ الثَّانِي: وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ وَ بَيَّنَ حَالَهُمَا، دَعَا النَّاسَ إِلَى حَالِ مَنْ رَضِيَ صَنِيعَهُ-
S 366 – The Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘So when Allah-azwj Mentioned the two groups: – one of them being: And from the people there is one who astounds you with his speech regarding the life of the world [2:204], and the second one being: And from the people there is one who sells his self, seeking the Pleasure of Allah [2:207], and Explained their states, He-azwj Called the people to a state of one whose work He-azwj would be Pleased with.
فَقَالَ: يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا ادْخُلُوا فِي السِّلْمِ كَافَّةً. يَعْنِي فِي السِّلْمِ وَ الْمُسَالَمَةِ إِلَى دِينِ الْإِسْلَامِ كَافَّةً جَمَاعَةً ادْخُلُوا فِيهِ، [وَ ادْخُلُوا] فِي جَمِيعِ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَتَقَبَّلُوهُ وَ اعْمَلُوا فِيهِ، وَ لَا تَكُونُوا كَمَنْ يَقْبَلُ بَعْضَهُ وَ يَعْمَلُ بِهِ، وَ يَأْبَى بَعْضَهُ وَ يَهْجُرُهُ.
So He-azwj Said: O you who believe! Enter into the submission all (of you) – Meaning into the submission and the submissiveness to the Religion Al-Islam, altogether entering into it – and enter into the entirety of Al-Islam so it (the submission) would be Accepted, and work in it, and do not become like the one who accepts part of it and works with it, and refuses part of it and shuns it’.
قَالَ: وَ مِنْهُ الدُّخُولُ فِي قَبُولِ وَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع كَالدُّخُولِ فِي قَبُولِ نُبُوَّةِ [مُحَمَّدٍ] رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ مُسْلِماً مَنْ قَالَ: إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، فَاعْتَرَفَ بِهِ وَ لَمْ يَعْتَرِفْ بِأَنَّ عَلِيّاً وَصِيُّهُ- وَ خَلِيفَتُهُ وَ خَيْرُ أُمَّتِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘And from it is the entry into the acceptance of the Wilayah of Ali-asws like the entry into the acceptance of the Prophet-hood of Muhammad-saww, Rasool-Allah-saww, for he cannot happen to be a Muslim, the one who says, ‘Muhammad-saww is Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj, and he acknowledges with it, and does not acknowledge that Ali-asws is his-saww successor, and his-saww Caliph, and the best one of his-saww community.
وَ لا تَتَّبِعُوا خُطُواتِ الشَّيْطانِ مَا يَتَخَطَّى بِكُمْ إِلَيْهِ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنْ طُرُقِ الْغَيِّ وَ الضَّلَالِ، وَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ بِهِ مِنِ ارْتِكَابِ الْآثَامِ الْمُوبِقَاتِ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُبِينٌ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُبِينٌ، بِعَدَاوَتِهِ يُرِيدُ اقْتِطَاعَكُمْ عَنْ عَظِيمِ الثَّوَابِ، وَ إِهْلَاكَكُمْ بِشَدِيدِ الْعِقَابِ.
And do not follow the footsteps of Satan – from the footsteps Satan-la has laid out with you leading to him, from the paths of the misguidance and the straying, and he-la is instructing you with from the indulging in the grave sins, he is for you all, a Clarified enemy [2:208] – The Satan-la, for you all is a clarified enemy, due to his-la enmity, intending cutting you off from the great Rewards, and destroying you with the severe Punishments.
فَإِنْ زَلَلْتُمْ عَنِ السَّلَمِ وَ الْإِسْلَامِ الَّذِي تَمَامُهُ بِاعْتِقَادِ وَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع، وَ لَا يَنْفَعُ الْإِقْرَارُ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ مَعَ جَحْدِ إِمَامَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع، كَمَا لَا يَنْفَعُ الْإِقْرَارُ بِالتَّوْحِيدِ مَعَ جَحْدِ النُّبُوَّةِ إِنْ زَلَلْتُمْ.
But if you slip – from the submission and Al-Islam which, the whole of it is in the belief of Wilayah of Ali-asws, and it will not benefit you, the acceptance of the Prophet-hood along with the rejection of the Imamate of Ali-asws, just as it will not benefit you, acceptance of the Tawheed along with the rejection of the Prophet-hood, if you slip.
مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جاءَتْكُمُ الْبَيِّناتُ مِنْ قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ فَضِيلَتِهِ، وَ أَتَتْكُمُ الدَّلَالاتُ الْوَاضِحَاتُ الْبَاهِرَاتُ- عَلَى أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً الدَّالَّ عَلَى إِمَامَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع نَبِيُّ صِدْقٍ، وَ دِينَهُ دِينُ حَقٍّ.
From after clear arguments have come to you – from the words of Rasool-Allah-saww and his-saww merits, and there came to you the clear evidence, the proofs upon that Muhammad-saww gives proofs of the Imamate of Ali-asws, a truthful Prophet-saww, and his-saww Religion is the true Religion.
فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ [عَزِيزٌ] قَادِرٌ عَلَى مُعَاقَبَةِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ لِدِينِهِ- وَ الْمُكَذِّبِينَ لِنَبِيِّهِ- لَا يَقْدِرُ أَحَدٌ عَلَى صَرْفِ انْتِقَامِهِ مِنْ مُخَالِفِيهِ، وَ قَادِرٌ عَلَى إِثَابَةِ الْمُوَافِقِينَ لِدِينِهِ وَ الْمُصَدِّقِينَ لِنَبِيِّهِ ص لَا يَقْدِرُ أَحَدٌ عَلَى صَرْفِ ثَوَابِهِ عَنْ مُطِيعِيهِ.
Then know that Allah is Mighty, Wise [2:209] – Mighty – Able upon Punishing the adversaries to His-azwj Religion, and the beliers. Not one of them from His-azwj adversaries is able upon repelling His-azwj Vengeance. And He-azwj is Able upon Affirming the approvers of His-azwj Religion and the ratifies of His-azwj Prophet-saww, not one of them is able upon repelling His-azwj Rewards away from the ones obeying Him-azwj.
حَكِيمٌ فِيمَا يَفْعَلُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، غَيْرُ مُسْرِفٍ عَلَى مَنْ أَطَاعَهُ وَ إِنْ أَكْثَرَ لَهُ الْخَيْرَاتِ، وَ لَا وَاضِعٌ لَهَا فِي غَيْرِ مَوْضِعِهَا (وَ إِنْ أَتَمَّ لَهُ الْكَرَامَاتِ)، وَ لَا ظَالِمٍ لِمَنْ عَصَاهُ وَ إِنْ شُدِّدَ عَلَيْهِ الْعُقُوبَاتُ.
(He-azwj is) Wise regarding what He-azwj Does from that, without Extravagance upon the ones who obey Him-azwj, and that most of it is lavishness, nor Does He-azwj Place it in other than its (appropriate) place, (and even if the Prestige are completed for him), nor would He-azwj be unjust to the one who disobeys Him-azwj, and even if the Punishments are severe upon him’’.
[بَعْضُ احْتِجَاجَاتِ عَلِيٍّ ع يَوْمَ الشُّورَى:]
Some of the arguments of Ali-asws of the day of the consultation
قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع: وَ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَ غَيْرِهَا احْتَجَّ عَلِيٌّ ع يَوْمَ الشُّورَى عَلَى مَنْ دَافَعَهُ عَنْ حَقِّهِ، وَ أَخَّرَهُ عَنْ رُتْبَتِهِ، وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَا ضَرَّ الدَّافِعُ إِلَّا نَفْسَهُ، فَإِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَالْكَعْبَةِ الَّتِي أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِاسْتِقْبَالِهَا لِلصَّلَاةِ.
Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘And with these Verses and others, Ali-asws argued on the day of consultation against the ones who repelled him-asws from his-asws right, and delayed him-asws from his-asws (rightful) order, and although the repeller did not harm anyone except himself, for Ali-asws is like the Kabah which Allah-azwj has Commanded to face towards, for the Salat.
جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فِي أُمُورِ الدِّينِ وَ الدُّنْيَا، كَمَا لَا يَنْقُصُ الْكَعْبَةُ، وَ لَا يَقْدَحُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ شَرَفِهَا وَ فَضْلِهَا- إِنْ وَلَّى عَنْهَا الْكَافِرُونَ، فَكَذَلِكَ لَا يَقْدَحُ فِي عَلِيٍّ ع إِنْ أَخَّرَهُ عَنْ حَقِّهِ- الْمُقَصِّرُونَ، وَ دَافَعَهُ عَنْ وَاجِبِهِ الظَّالِمُونَ.
Allah-azwj Made him-asws the one to complete with him-asws the matters of the Religion and the world, just as there would neither be a flaw in the Kabah nor a slur with regards to anything from its nobility and its merits if the Kafirs turn away from it, similar to that there would be no slur regarding Ali-asws if he-asws is delayed from his-asws rights by the derogators and is repelled by the oppressors from what is Obligated for him-asws.
قَالَ لَهُمْ عَلِيٌّ ع يَوْمَ الشُّورَى فِي بَعْضِ مَقَالِهِ- بَعْدَ أَنْ أَعْذَرَ وَ أَنْذَرَ، وَ بَالَغَ وَ أَوْضَحَ: مَعَاشِرَ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ الْعُقَلَاءَ أَ لَمْ يَنْهَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- عَنْ أَنْ تَجْعَلُوا لَهُ أَنْدَاداً مِمَّنْ لَا يَعْقِلُ وَ لَا يَسْمَعُ وَ لَا يُبْصِرُ وَ لَا يَفْهَمُ أَ وَ لَمْ يَجْعَلْنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِدِينِكُمْ وَ دُنْيَاكُمْ قَوَّاماً
Ali-asws said to them on the day of the consultation in one of his-asws speeches – after having excused and warned, and delivered and clarified: ‘Group of intellectual friends! Didn’t Allah-azwj the Exalted Forbid from making rivals to Him-azwj from the ones who neither have intellect, nor hear, nor see, nor understand? And didn’t Rasool-Allah-saww make me-asws a custodian for your Religion and your world?
أَ وَ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ إِلَيَّ مَفْزَعَكُمْ أَ وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ لَكُمْ: عَلِيٌّ مَعَ الْحَقِّ وَ الْحَقُّ مَعَهُ أَ وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ: أَنَا مَدِينَةُ الْعِلْمِ وَ عَلِيٌّ بَابُهَا أَ وَ لَا تَرَوْنِي غَنِيّاً عَنْ عُلُومِكُمْ- وَ أَنْتُمْ إِلَى عِلْمِي مُحْتَاجُونَ أَ فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْعُلَمَاءَ بِاتِّبَاعِ مَنْ لَا يَعْلَمُ، أَمْ مَنْ لَا يَعْلَمُ بِاتِّبَاعِ مَنْ يَعْلَمُ
And didn’t he-asws make your recourse to me-asws? And didn’t he-saww say to you all: ‘Ali-asws is with the Truth and the Truth is with him-asws? And didn’t he-saww say: ‘I-saww am the city of the knowledge and Ali-asws is it’s gate? And didn’t he-saww see me-asws as being needless from your knowledge – and you all being needy to my-asws knowledge? So did Allah-azwj the Exalted Command the scholar to follow the one who does not know, or the one who doesn’t know should follow the one who knows?
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ لِمَ تَنْقُضُونَ تَرْتِيبَ الْأَلْبَابِ لِمَ تُؤَخِّرُونَ مَنْ قَدَّمَهُ الْكَرِيمُ الْوَهَّابُ أَ وَ لَيْسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَجَابَنِي- إِلَى مَا رَدَّ عَنْهُ أَفْضَلَكُمْ: فَاطِمَةَ لَمَّا خَطَبَهَا أَ وَ لَيْسَ قَدْ جَعَلَنِي أَحَبَّ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ [إِلَى اللَّهِ] لَمَّا أَطْعَمَنِي مَعَهُ مِنَ الطَّائِرِ
O you people! Do not break the sequence of the intellect. Why are you delaying the one-asws whom the Benevolent, the Bestower has Placed foremost? And didn’t Rasool-Allah-saww respond to me-asws (positively) to what he-saww had rejected the best of you, for (Syeda) Fatima-asws, when she-asws was addressed? And hadn’t he-saww made me-asws as being the most Beloved of the creatures of Allah-azwj (to Allah-azwj) when he-saww fed me-asws with him-saww, from the bird?’
أَ وَ لَيْسَ جَعَلَنِيَ أَقْرَبَ الْخَلْقِ شَبَهاً بِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيِّهِ ص أَ فَأَقْرَبَ النَّاسِ بِهِ شَبَهاً تُؤَخِّرُونَ وَ أَبْعَدَ النَّاسِ بِهِ شَبَهاً تُقَدِّمُونَ مَا لَكُمْ لَا تَتَفَكَّرُونَ وَ لَا تَعْقِلُونَ
And Hasn’t He-azwj Made me-asws as the closest of the people is resemblance with Muhammad-saww, His-azwj Prophet-saww? So you are delaying the one who is the closest of resemblance with him-saww and the remotest of the people resembling with him-saww you are placing forward? What is the matter with you all? You are neither thinking (straight) nor are you using your intellects!’
قَالَ: فَمَا زَالَ يَحْتَجُّ بِهَذَا وَ نَحْوِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ- وَ هُمْ لَا يَغْفُلُونَ عَمَّا دَبَّرُوهُ، وَ لَا يَرْضَوْنَ إِلَّا بِمَا آثَرُوهُ.
He (Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘So he-asws did not cease to argue with these and approximate to it, against them – and there were not heedless from what they had already plotted, and they were not pleased except with what they had already plotted’.
قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي ظُلَلٍ مِنَ الْغَمامِ وَ الْمَلائِكَةُ وَ قُضِيَ الْأَمْرُ وَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ الْأُمُورُ
The Words of Mighty and Majestic: Are they waiting, except that Allah would come to them in the shadows of the clouds and (so would) the Angels, and the matter would have been Decided? And to Allah return (all) the matters [2:210]
367 قَالَ الْإِمَامُ ع لَمَّا بَهَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِآيَاتِهِ، وَ قَطَعَ مَعَاذِيرَهُمْ بِمُعْجِزَاتِهِ أَبَى بَعْضُهُمُ الْإِيمَانَ، وَ اقْتَرَحَ عَلَيْهِ الِاقْتِرَاحَاتِ الْبَاطِلَةِ [وَ هِيَ مَا] قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَ قالُوا لَنْ نُؤْمِنَ لَكَ- حَتَّى تَفْجُرَ لَنا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ يَنْبُوعاً- أَوْ تَكُونَ لَكَ جَنَّةٌ مِنْ نَخِيلٍ وَ عِنَبٍ- فَتُفَجِّرَ الْأَنْهارَ خِلالَها تَفْجِيراً- أَوْ تُسْقِطَ السَّماءَ كَما زَعَمْتَ عَلَيْنا كِسَفاً- أَوْ تَأْتِيَ بِاللَّهِ وَ الْمَلائِكَةِ قَبِيلًا وَ سَائِرُ مَا ذُكِرَ فِي الْآيَةِ،
S 367 – The Imam (Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘When Rasool-Allah-saww dazzled them with his-saww Signs and cut off their excuses with his-saww miracles, some of them refused the Eman and suggested to him-saww the false suggestions – and it is what Allah-azwj the Exalted Says: And they say: We will by no means believe in you until you cause a fountain to gush forth from the earth for us [17:90] Or you should have a garden of palms and grapes in the midst of which you should cause rivers to flow forth, gushing out [17:91] Or you should cause the sky to come down upon us in pieces as you claim, or bring Allah and the Angels face to face (with us) [17:92] – and the rest of what He-azwj Mentioned in the Verse.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ أَيْ هَلْ يَنْظُرُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُكَذِّبُونَ- بَعْدَ إِيضَاحِنَا لَهُمُ الْآيَاتِ، وَ قَطْعِنَا مَعَاذِيرَهُمْ بِالْمُعْجِزَاتِ
So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: ‘O Muhammad-saww! Are they waiting – i.e., are they waiting, these beliers after Our-azwj Clarifying the Signs to them, and Our-asws cutting off their excuses by the miracles.
إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي ظُلَلٍ مِنَ الْغَمامِ وَ الْمَلائِكَةُ وَ تَأْتِيهِمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ كَمَا كَانُوا اقْتَرَحُوا عَلَيْكَ- اقْتِرَاحَهُمُ الْمُحَالَ فِي الدُّنْيَا- فِي إِتْيَانِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا يَجُوزُ عَلَيْهِ الْإِتْيَانُ، وَ [اقْتِرَاحِهِمُ] الْبَاطِلَ فِي إِتْيَانِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ- الَّذِينَ لَا يَأْتُونَ إِلَّا مَعَ زَوَالِ هَذَا التَّعَبُّدِ، وَ حِينَ وُقُوعِ هَلَاكِ الظَّالِمِينَ بِظُلْمِهِمْ-
Except that Allah would come to them in the shadows of the clouds and (so would) the Angels – that the Angels should come to them, just as they were suggesting upon you-saww their impossible suggestions in the world – regarding bringing Allah-azwj, which is possible upon the bringing – and their suggestion – the invalid, in bringing the Angels which are not coming except with the decline of the worship, and when the destruction of the unjust occurs, due to their injustices.
وَ (وَقْتُكَ هَذَا وَقْتُ تَعَبُّدٍ) لَا وَقْتُ مَجِيءِ الْأَمْلَاكِ بِالْهَلَاكِ، فَهُمْ فِي اقْتِرَاحِهِمْ بِمَجِيءِ الْأَمْلَاكِ جَاهِلُونَ.
And this time period of yours-saww is time of worship. It is not time for the coming of the Angels with the destruction. Thus they, in their suggestions with the coming of the Angels, are ignorant.
وَ قُضِيَ الْأَمْرُ أَيْ هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا مَجِيءَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ، فَإِذَا جَاءُوا وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ قُضِيَ الْأَمْرُ بِهَلَاكِهِمْ.
And the matter would have been Decided – i.e., are they waiting except for the coming of the Angels. So when they do come, and that would be the Decided matter of their destruction.
وَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ الْأُمُورُ فَهُوَ يَتَوَلَّى الْحُكْمَ فِيهَا، يَحْكُمُ بِالْعِقَابِ عَلَى مَنْ عَصَاهُ وَ يُوجِبُ كَرِيمَ الْمَآبِ لِمَنْ أَرْضَاهُ.
And to Allah return (all) the matters – So He-azwj would be in Charge of the Judgment regarding it. He-azwj would Decide the Punishment upon the one who disobeyed Him, and Obligate the prestigious return to the one who Pleased Him-azwj.
368 قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع طَلَبُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْكُفَّارِ الْآيَاتِ، وَ لَمْ يَقْنَعُوا بِمَا أَتَاهُمْ مِنْهَا بِمَا فِيهِ الْكِفَايَةُ- وَ الْبَلَاغُ حَتَّى قِيلَ لَهُمْ: هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَيْ إِذَا لَمْ يَقْنَعُوا بِالْحُجَّةِ الْوَاضِحَةِ [الدَّافِعَةِ] فَهَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمُ اللَّهُ، وَ ذَلِكَ مُحَالٌ، لِأَنَّ الْإِتْيَانَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَا يَجُوزُ.
S 368 (a) – Imam Ali-asws Bin Al-Husayn-asws said: ‘These Kafirs are seeking the Signs, and they are not convinced with what came to them from these, with what were sufficient and conclusive. He-azwj Said to them: Are they waiting, except that Allah would come to them – i.e., when they are not content with the clear proofs – the forceful – so are they waiting except that Allah-azwj should Come to them, and that is impossible, because the coming (or going) cannot be (applicable) upon Allah-azwj’’.
وَ كَذَلِكَ النَّوَاصِبُ اقْتَرَحُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فِي نَصْبِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيٍّ ع إِمَاماً- وَ اقْتَرَحُوا- حَتَّى اقْتَرَحُوا الْمُحَالَ.
And similar to that are the Nasibis (hostile ones). They suggested to Rasool-Allah-saww regarding his-saww appointing Amir Al-Momineen Ali-asws as an Imam-asws – and they kept on suggesting until they suggested the impossible.
وَ كَذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لِمَا نَصَّ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ع بِالْفَضِيلَةِ وَ الْإِمَامَةِ وَ سَكَنَ [إِلَى] ذَلِكَ قُلُوبُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَ عَانَدَ فِيهِ أَصْنَافُ الْجَاحِدِينَ مِنَ الْمُعَانِدِينَ، وَ شَكَّ فِي ذَلِكَ ضُعَفَاءُ مِنَ الشَّاكِّينَ، وَ احْتَالَ فِي السِّلْمِ مِنَ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ- مِنَ النَّبِيِّ وَ خِيَارِ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَ مِنْ أَصْنَافِ أَعْدَائِهِ- جَمَاعَةُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ،
And similar to that – when Rasool-Allah-saww linked to Ali-asws with the merits and the Imamate, and the hearts of the Momineen were tranquil to that, and the variety of the rejecters from the obstinate ones were obstinate regarding it, and the weak ones from the doubters doubted regarding that. And a group of the hypocrites defrauded regarding the peace from the two groups – from the Prophet-saww and the best of his-saww companions (on one side), and from the variety of his-saww enemies.
وَ فَاضَ فِي صُدُورِهِمُ الْعَدَاوَةُ وَ الْبَغْضَاءُ وَ الْحَسَدُ وَ الشَّحْنَاءُ حَتَّى قَالَ قَائِلُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ: لَقَدْ أَسْرَفَ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي مَدْحِ [نَفْسِهِ- ثُمَّ أَسْرَفَ فِي مَدْحِ] أَخِيهِ عَلِيٍّ وَ مَا ذَلِكَ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَ لَكِنَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْمُتَقَوِّلِينَ- يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُثْبِتَ لِنَفْسِهِ الرِّئَاسَةَ عَلَيْنَا حَيّاً، وَ لِعَلِيٍّ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ.
And their chests were inundated with the enmity, and the hatred, and the envy, and the grudges to the extent that a speaker of the hypocrites said, ‘Muhammad-saww has been extravagant in the praise of himself-saww, then he-saww has been extravagant in the praise of his-saww brother Ali-asws, and that is not from the Lord-azwj of the worlds, but that is from the talkers – intending to affirm the government for himself-saww upon us at the moment, and for Ali-asws after his-saww death.
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: يَا مُحَمَّدُ قُلْ لَهُمْ: وَ أَيَّ شَيْءٍ أَنْكَرْتُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ هُوَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ كَرِيمٌ، ارْتَضَى عِبَاداً مِنْ عِبَادِهِ، وَ اخْتَصَّهُمْ بِكَرَامَاتٍ لِمَا عَلِمَ مِنْ حُسْنِ طَاعَاتِهِمْ، وَ انْقِيَادِهِمْ لِأَمْرِهِ فَفَوَّضَ إِلَيْهِمْ أُمُورَ عِبَادِهِ، وَ جَعَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ سِيَاسَةَ خَلْقِهِ بِالتَّدْبِيرِ الْحَكِيمِ الَّذِي وَفَّقَهُمْ لَهُ.
Allah-azwj the Exalted Said: “O Muhammad-saww! Say to them: ‘And which thing are you all denying from that, and He-azwj is Mighty, Wise, Benevolent. He-azwj Chooses servants-asws from His-azwj servants, and Particularises them-asws with the miracles due to what He-azwj Knows from the excellence of their-asws obedience and their-asws submission to His-azwj Commands. So He-azwj Delegates to them the affairs of His-azwj creatures with the Master plan of the Wise Whom Who Made them-asws to be compatible for it.
أَ وَ لَا تَرَوْنَ مُلُوكَ الْأَرْضِ إِذَا ارْتَضَى أَحَدُهُمْ- خِدْمَةَ بَعْضِ عَبِيدِهِ، وَ وَثِقَ بِحُسْنِ اضْطِلَاعهِ بِمَا يَنْدُبُ لَهُ مِنْ أُمُورِ مَمَالِكِهِ، جَعَلَ مَا وَرَاءِ بَابِهِ إِلَيْهِ، وَ اعْتَمَدَ فِي سِيَاسَةِ جُيُوشِهِ وَ رَعَايَاهُ عَلَيْهِ.
And are you not seeing the kings of the earth, when one of them is pleased with the service of one of his servants and his obedience with what he had nominated for it from the affairs of his kingdom, makes whatever is behind his door to him (his secrets), and relies upon him regarding the affairs of his army and his citizens?
كَذَلِكَ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي التَّدْبِيرِ الَّذِي رَفَعَهُ لَهُ رَبُّهُ، وَ عَلِيٌّ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَهُ وَصِيَّهُ وَ خَلِيفَتَهُ فِي أَهْلِهِ وَ قَاضِيَ دَيْنِهِ، وَ مُنْجِزَ عِدَاتِهِ، وَ الْمُؤَازِرَ لِأَوْلِيَائِهِ، وَ الْمُنَاصِبَ لِأَعْدَائِهِ
Similar to that is Muhammad-saww is the Master plan of the One-azwj which his-saww Lord-azwj Raised it for him-saww, and (so is) Ali-asws from after him-saww whom He-azwj Made to be his-saww successor-asws and his-saww replacement regarding his-saww family and the paying back of his-saww debts, and the fulfilling of his-saww promises made, and one supportive of his-saww friends and one hostile to his-saww enemies”.
فَلَمْ يَقْنَعُوا بِذَلِكَ، وَ لَمْ يُسْلِمُوا وَ قَالُوا: لَيْسَ الَّذِي يُسْنِدْهُ إِلَى ابْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع بِأَمْرٍ صَغِيرٍ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ دِمَاءُ الْخَلْقِ، وَ نِسَاؤُهُمْ، وَ أَوْلَادُهُمْ، وَ أَمْوَالُهُمْ، وَ حُقُوقُهُمْ [وَ أَنْسَابُهُمْ] وَ دُنْيَاهُمْ وَ آخِرَتُهُمْ، فَلْيَأْتِنَا بِآيَةٍ تَلِيقُ بِجَلَالَةِ هَذِهِ الْوَلَايَةِ.
But they were not persuaded by that and did not submit, and they said, ‘That which He-azwj has Conferred to the son-asws of Abu Talib-asws is not a small matter. But rather, it is (for) the blood of the people, and their womenfolk, and their children, and their wealth, and their rights, and their lineages, and their world and their Hereafter. Therefore, come to us with a Sign worthy of the majesty of this Wilayah (master-ship).
[احْتِجَاجَاتُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع:]
Arguments of Rasool-Allah-saww for the Wilayah of Ali-asws
368 فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: أَ مَا كَفَاكُمْ نُورُ عَلِيٍّ الْمُشْرِقُ فِي الظُّلُمَاتِ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُمُوهُ لَيْلَةَ خُرُوجِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ أَ مَا كَفَاكُمْ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً جَازَ وَ الْحِيطَانُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، فَفُتِحَتْ لَهُ وَ طُرِّقَتْ، ثُمَّ عَادَتْ وَ الْتَأَمَتْ
S 368 (b) – Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Was it not sufficient for you all, the light of Ali-asws shining in the darkness which you saw on the night he-asws went out from the presence of Rasool-Allah-saww to his-asws house? Was is not sufficient for you that Ali-asws crossed over and (although) the wall was in front of him-asws, but it opened up and made a way for him-asws, then it returned and joined up again?
أَ مَا كَفَاكُمْ يَوْمَ غَدِيرِ خُمٍّ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً لَمَّا أَقَامَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ رَأَيْتُمْ أَبْوَابَ السَّمَاءِ مُفَتَّحَةً، وَ الْمَلَائِكَةَ مِنْهَا مُطَّلِعِينَ تُنَادِيكُمْ: هَذَا وَلِيُّ اللَّهِ فَاتَّبِعُوهُ، وَ إِلَّا حَلَّ بِكُمْ عَذَابُ اللَّهِ فَاحْذَرُوهُ
Was it not sufficient for you on the day of Ghadeer Khumm that Ali-asws, when Rasool-Allah-saww established him-asws, you saw the gateways of the sky opened up and the Angels emerging from these calling out to you, ‘This is a Guardian-asws of Allah-azwj, therefore obey him-asws, or else the Punishment of Allah-azwj would be Released with you all, therefore be warned’?
أَ مَا كَفَاكُمْ رُؤْيَتُكُمْ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ هُوَ يَمْشِي وَ الْجِبَالُ تَسِيرُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ لِئَلَّا يَحْتَاجَ إِلَى الِانْحِرَافِ عَنْهَا، فَلَمَّا جَازَ رَجَعَتِ الْجِبَالُ إِلَى أَمَاكِنِهَا
Was is not sufficient for you seeing Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws and he-asws was walking, and the mountain moving aside lest he-asws be needy to turn around from it, so when he-asws had crossed over, the mountain moved back into its place?
ثُمَّ قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ زِدْهُمْ آيَاتٍ، فَإِنَّهَا عَلَيْكَ سَهْلَاتٌ يَسِيرَاتٌ- لِتَزِيدَ حُجَّتُكَ عَلَيْهِمْ تَأْكِيداً.
Then he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! Increase the Signs for them, for these are easy, a small thing for You-azwj, in order for Your-azwj Proof to be Increased against them, substantiated’.
قَالَ: فَرَجَعَ الْقَوْمُ إِلَى بُيُوتِهِمْ، فَأَرَادُوا دُخُولَهَا فَاعْتَقَلَتْهُمُ الْأَرْضُ وَ مَنَعَتْهُمْ، وَ نَادَتْهُمْ: حَرَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ دُخُولُهَا- حَتَّى تُؤْمِنُوا بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع. قَالُوا: آمَنَّا. وَ دَخَلُوا.
He (Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘So the group returned to their houses and they intended to enter these, but the ground seized them and prevented them, and called out to them, ‘It is prohibited unto you to enter these until you believe in the Wilayah of Ali-asws!’ They said, ‘We believe!’ And they entered.
ثُمَّ ذَهَبُوا يَنْزِعُونَ ثِيَابَهُمْ لِيَلْبَسُوا غَيْرَهَا، فَثَقُلَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَ لَمْ يُقِلُّوهَا وَ نَادَتْهُمْ: حَرَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ سُهُولَةُ نَزْعِنَا- حَتَّى تُقِرُّوا بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع. فَأَقَرُّوا، وَ نَزَعُوهَا.
Then they went on to remove their clothes in order to wear another, but these became heavy upon them and could not lift them, and these called out to them, ‘It is prohibited upon you the ease of removing us until you acknowledge with the wilayah of Ali-asws!’ So they acknowledged, and they removed them.
ثُمَّ ذَهَبُوا يَلْبَسُونَ ثِيَابَ اللَّيْلِ، فَثَقُلَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ نَادَتْهُمْ: حَرَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ لُبْسُنَا- حَتَّى تَعْتَرِفُوا بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع. فَاعْتَرَفُوا.
Then they went on to wear the night clothes, but these became heavy upon them, and called out to them, ‘It is prohibited upon you to wear us, until you acknowledge with the Wilayah of Ali-asws!’ So they acknowledged.
ثُمَّ ذَهَبُوا يَأْكُلُونَ، فَثَقُلَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ اللُّقْمَةُ، وَ مَا لَمْ يَثْقُلْ مِنْهَا اسْتَحْجَرَ فِي أَفْوَاهِهِمْ، وَ نَادَتْهُمْ: حَرَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ أَكْلُنَا- حَتَّى تَعْتَرِفُوا بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع فَاعْتَرَفُوا.
Then they went to eat, but the morsel became heavy upon them, and whatever did not become heavy from these, became pebbles in their mouths, and called out to them, ‘It is prohibited upon you to eat us, until you acknowledge with the Wilayah of Ali-asws!’ So they acknowledged.
ثُمَّ ذَهَبُوا يَبُولُونَ وَ يَتَغَوَّطُونَ، فَتَعَذَّبُوا وَ تَعَذَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَ نَادَتْهُمْ بُطُونُهُمْ وَ مَذَاكِيرُهُمْ: حَرَامٌ عَلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَةُ مِنَّا- حَتَّى تَعْتَرِفُوا بِوَلَايَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع. فَاعْتَرَفُوا
Then they went to urinate and defecate, but they were unable and became impossible upon them, and they bellies and their manhood called out to them, ‘It is prohibited upon you to be safe from us, until you acknowledge with the Wilayah of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’. So they acknowledge.
ثُمَّ ضَجَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ وَ قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كانَ هذا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ- فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنا حِجارَةً مِنَ السَّماءِ- أَوِ ائْتِنا بِعَذابٍ أَلِيمٍ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ أَنْتَ فِيهِمْ فَإِنَّ عَذَابَ الِاصْطِلَامِ الْعَامِّ إِذَا نَزَلَ، نَزَلَ بَعْدَ خُرُوجِ النَّبِيِّ ص مِنْ بَيْنِ أَظْهُرِهِمْ،
Then some of them got annoyed, and said, ‘O Allah! If this is the Truth from You, then Rain upon us stones from the sky or Inflict upon us a painful Punishment [8:32]. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: But Allah was not going to Punish them whilst you were among them [8:33] – for the uprooting Punishment would be general when it does descend. It would (only) descend after the exit of the Prophet-saww from their midst.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ مُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ يُظْهِرُونَ التَّوْبَةَ وَ الْإِنَابَةَ، فَإِنَّ مِنْ حُكْمِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا أَنْ يَأْمُرَكَ بِقَبُولِ الظَّاهِرِ، وَ تَرْكِ التَّفْتِيشِ عَنِ الْبَاطِنِ، لِأَنَّ الدُّنْيَا دَارُ إِمْهَالٍ وَ إِنْظَارٍ، وَ الْآخِرَةَ دَارُ الْجَزَاءِ بِلَا تَعَبُّدٍ.
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: nor is Allah going to Punish them whilst yet they ask for Forgiveness [8:33] – manifesting the repentance and the attentiveness, for it is from His-azwj Judgment in the world that He-azwj has Commanded you with accepting then apparent and leave the investigation about the hidden (esoteric), because the world is a house of respite and waiting, and the Hereafter is a House of the Recompense without (performing acts of) worship.
قَالَ: وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ مُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ فِيهِمْ مَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُ- لِأَنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ لَوْ أَنَّ فِيهِمْ مَنْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ سَيُؤْمِنُ- أَوْ أَنَّهُ سَيَخْرُجُ مِنْ نَسْلِهِ ذُرِّيَّةٌ طَيِّبَةٌ- يَجُودُ رَبُّكَ عَلَى أُولَئِكَ بِالْإِيمَانِ وَ ثَوَابِهِ، وَ لَا يَقْتَطِعُهُمْ بِاخْتِرَامِ آبَائِهِمُ الْكُفَّارِ، وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَأَهْلَكَهُمْ.
He-azwj Said: nor is Allah going to Punish them – and among them is one who seeks Forgiveness – because they, if among them there is one whom Allah-azwj Knows of that he would be believing (in the future), or there would be coming out from his lineage, a goodly offspring – your Lord-azwj would be Benevolent upon them with the Eman and its Rewards, and He-azwj would not Cut them off by Destroying their Kafir forefathers – and had it not been so, He-azwj would have Destroyed them.
فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص: كَذَلِكَ اقْتَرَحَ النَّاصِبُونَ آيَاتٍ فِي عَلِيٍّ ع حَتَّى اقْتَرَحُوا مَا لَا يَجُوزُ فِي حُكْمِ [اللَّهِ]، جَهْلًا بِأَحْكَامِ اللَّهِ، وَ اقْتِرَاحاً لِلْأَبَاطِيلِ عَلَى اللَّهِ.
So these are the words of Rasool-Allah-saww: ‘Like that is how the Nasibis are suggesting (to be shown) Sign regarding Ali-asws until they are suggesting what is not allowed in the Judgment of Allah-azwj, being ignorant of the Ordinances of Allah-azwj and suggesting falsities upon Allah-azwj’.
سَلْ بَنِي إِسْرائِيلَ الْآيَةَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ أَوْ ضَعِيفاً 211، 282- اثْنَتَانِ وَ سَبْعُونَ آيَةً تَفْسِيرُهَا مَفْقُودٌ. رَزَقَنَا اللَّهُ تَمَامَهُ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ- صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ [إِلَى يَوْمِ الدِّينِ]
Ask the Children of Israel [2:211] – up to His-azwj Words or weak (of understanding) [2:282], seventy two Verses, its interpretation is lost. May Allah-azwj Grace us the complete of it by Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws. May the Salawat of Allah-azwj be upon them all, up to the Day of Religion (Judgment).
[بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ] شَيْءٌ آخَرُ مِنْ تَفْسِيرِ هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ- مِنَ الْإِمَامِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَى آبَائِهِ وَ ابْنِهِ الْقَائِمِ ع الْمُنْتَظَرِ الْمَهْدِيِّ السَّلَامُ.
In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. Another thing from the interpretation of this Chapter (Surah Baqarah) – from the Imam Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali Askari-asws, the greetings be upon him-asws, and upon his-asws forefathers-asws, and his-asws son-asws Al-Qaim-asws, the awaited, the Guided one’.
قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ أَوْ ضَعِيفاً أَوْ لا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُ بِالْعَدْلِ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
The Words of Mighty and Majestic: or weak, or he is not able to dictate himself, so let his guardian dictate with fairness [2:282] – up to the end of the Verse.
369 قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: أَوْ ضَعِيفاً أَوْ لا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُ بِالْعَدْلِ قَالَ ضَعِيفاً فِي بَدَنِهِ- لَا يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يُمِلَّ، أَوْ ضَعِيفاً فِي فَهْمِهِ وَ عِلْمِهِ- لَا يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يُمِلَّ وَ يُمَيِّزَ الْأَلْفَاظَ- الَّتِي هِيَ عَدْلٌ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَلْفَاظِ- الَّتِي هِيَ جَوْرٌ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ عَلَى حَمِيمِهِ.
S 369 – Amir Al-Momineen-asws said regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: or weak, or he is not able to dictate himself, so let his guardian dictate with fairness [2:282]: ‘(Either) we in his body, not being able to dictate, or weak in his understanding and his knowledge, not being able to dictate and discern the wordings – those which are fair upon him and are for him from the wordings, (and) those which are unfair upon him or upon his friend.
أَوْ لا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يُمِلَّ هُوَ يَعْنِي بِأَنْ يَكُونَ مَشْغُولًا فِي مَرَمَّةٍ لِمَعَاشٍ، أَوْ تَزَوُّدٍ لِمَعَادٍ، أَوْ لَذَّةٍ فِي غَيْرِ مُحَرَّمٍ، فَإِنَّ تِلْكَ [هِيَ] الْأَشْغَالُ- الَّتِي لَا يَنْبَغِي لِعَاقِلٍ أَنْ يَشْرَعَ فِي غَيْرِهَا.
Or he is not able to dictate himself – meaning, if he happens to be too busy in the correction of his livelihood, or providing for the Hereafter, or pleasures in other than the Prohibition, for these are the pre-occupations which is not befitting for the intellectual that he begins in something else.
قَالَ: فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُ بِالْعَدْلِ يَعْنِي النَّائِبَ عَنْهُ، وَ الْقَيِّمَ بِأَمْرِهِ بِالْعَدْلِ، بِأَنْ لَا يَحِيفَ عَلَى الْمَكْتُوبِ لَهُ، وَ لَا عَلَى الْمَكْتُوبِ عَلَيْهِ.
He-azwj Said: so let his guardian dictate with fairness [2:282] – meaning the representative from him, and the custodian with his affairs, with the justice, if he is not biased upon the writing for him, nor (biased) upon writing against him.
[فِي إِعَانَةِ الضَّعِيفِ:]
Re: Assisting the weak one
370 قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ أَعَانَ ضَعِيفاً فِي بَدَنِهِ عَلَى أَمْرِهِ، أَعَانَهُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى عَلَى أَمْرِهِ، وَ نَصَبَ لَهُ فِي الْقِيَامَةِ مَلَائِكَةً- يُعِينُونَهُ عَلَى قَطْعِ تِلْكَ الْأَهْوَالِ- وَ عُبُورِ تِلْكَ الْخَنَادِقِ مِنَ النَّارِ، حَتَّى لَا يُصِيبَهُ مِنْ دُخَانِهَا وَ لَا سُمُومِهَا، وَ عَلَى عُبُورِ الصِّرَاطِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ سَالِماً آمِناً.
S 370 – Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘The one who assists one weak in his body upon his matter, Allah-azwj the Exalted would Assist him upon his matters, and He-azwj would Appoint an Angel for him during the Day of Judgment who would assist him upon cutting off those horrors, and cross over those ditches of Fire, until he would not be hit from its smoke nor from its toxins, and (assist him) upon crossing the Bridge to the Paradise, safely, securely.
وَ مَنْ أَعَانَ ضَعِيفاً فِي فَهْمِهِ وَ مَعْرِفَتِهِ- فَلَقَّنَهُ حُجَّتَهُ عَلَى خَصْمٍ أَلَدَّ طُلَّابِ الْبَاطِلِ، أَعَانَهُ اللَّهُ عِنْدَ سَكَرَاتِ الْمَوْتِ- عَلَى شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ- وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ، وَ الْإِقْرَارِ بِمَا يَتَّصِلُ بِهِمَا، وَ الِاعْتِقَادِ لَهُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ خُرُوجُهُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا- وَ رُجُوعُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى عَلَى أَفْضَلِ أَعْمَالِهِ، وَ أَجَلِّ أَحْوَالِهِ فَيَجِيءُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ بِرَوْحٍ وَ رَيْحَانٍ، وَ يُبَشَّرُ بِأَنَّ رَبَّهُ عَنْهُ رَاضٍ، وَ عَلَيْهِ غَيْرُ غَضْبَانَ.
And the one who assists one weak in his understanding and his recognition, so he teaches him his proof against a vigorous disputant seeking the falsehood, Allah-azwj would Assist him during the pangs of death, upon the testimony that there is no god except Allah-azwj, Alone, there being no associates for him, and that Muhammad-saww is His-azwj servant and His-azwj Rasool-saww, and the acceptance with whatever is linked with them both, and the belief of it until there happens to be his exit from the word, and his return to Allah-azwj the Exalted upon the most superior of his deeds, and the most beautiful of his states. Thus, he would come during that, with rest and tranquillity and would be given the glad tidings that his Lord-azwj is Pleased with him, and He-azwj is not Wrathful upon him.
وَ مَنْ أَعَانَ مَشْغُولًا بِمَصَالِحِ دُنْيَاهُ أَوْ دِينِهِ عَلَى أَمْرِهِ- حَتَّى لَا يَنْتَشِرَ عَلَيْهِ أَعَانَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- يَوْمَ تَزَاحُمِ الْأَشْغَالِ وَ انْتِشَارِ الْأَحْوَالِ، يَوْمَ قِيَامِهِ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْمَلِكِ الْجَبَّارِ، فَيُمَيِّزُهُ مِنَ الْأَشْرَارِ وَ يَجْعَلُهُ مِنَ الْأَخْيَارِ.
And the one who is too pre-occupied with the correction of his worldly affairs or his Religion being upon His-azwj Commands, until it is no longer difficult upon him. Allah-azwj the Exalted would Assist him on the Day when the activities would be contended and the horrors would be widespread, the Day of his standing in front of the King, the Compeller. Thus, He-azwj would Sift him out from the evils and Make him to be from the good ones’.
[فِي أَنَّ أَعْلَمَ النَّاسِ بِالْقَدَرِ أَسْكَتُهُمْ عَنْهُ:]
Re: The most knowledgeable of the people with the Pre-determination are the one most silent from it
371 [قَالَ:] وَ لَقَدْ مَرَّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع عَلَى قَوْمٍ- مِنْ أَخْلَاطِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لَيْسَ فِيهِمْ مُهَاجِرِيٌّ وَ لَا أَنْصَارِيٌّ، وَ هُمْ قُعُودٌ فِي بَعْضِ الْمَسَاجِدِ فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ، إِذَا هُمْ يَخُوضُونَ فِي أَمْرِ الْقَدَرِ وَ غَيْرِهِ- مِمَّا اخْتَلَفَ النَّاسُ فِيهِ، قَدِ ارْتَفَعَتْ أَصْوَاتُهُمْ وَ اشْتَدَّ فِيهِ مَحْكُهُمْ وَ جِدَالُهُمْ،
S 371 – He (Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘And Amir Al-Momineen-asws had passed by a group from a mixture of the Muslims, there neither being an Emigrant nor a Helper among them, and they were seated in one of the Masjids during the first day of Shaban, when they engaging (discussing contentiously) regarding the matter of the Pre-determination and other (matters) from what the people had differed in. Their voices were raised and they were intense in their criteria and their arguments.
فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَسَلَّمَ، فَرَدُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَ أَوْسَعُوا وَ قَامُوا إِلَيْهِ- يَسْأَلُونَهُ الْقُعُودَ إِلَيْهِمْ، فَلَمْ يَحْفِلْ بِهِمْ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ- وَ نَادَاهُمْ-: يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُتَكَلِّمِينَ فِيمَا لَا يَعْنِيهِمْ وَ لَا يَرِدُ عَلَيْهِمْ، أَ لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ لِلَّهِ عِبَاداً- قَدْ أَسْكَتَتْهُمْ خَشْيَتُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ عِيٍّ وَ لَا بَكَمٍ، وَ إِنَّهُمْ لَهُمُ الْفُصَحَاءُ الْعُقَلَاءُ الْأَلِبَّاءُ الْعَالِمُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَ أَيَّامِهِ.
So he-asws paused by them, and greeted. So they returned (the greeting) to him-asws, and they made space and stood up for him-asws, asking him-asws to be seated among them. But he-asws did not pay much attention with them, then said to them, and called out to them: ‘O group of speakers regarding what neither aid them nor would it return (any benefit) upon them! Are you not knowing that for Allah-azwj there are such servants that His-azwj fear has silenced them from without a blindness nor muteness, and they, for them is the eloquence, and the intellect, and the understanding, the knowers of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Favours and His-azwj Punishments?
وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ إِذَا ذَكَرُوا عَظَمَةَ اللَّهِ انْكَسَرَتْ أَلْسِنَتُهُمْ، وَ انْقَطَعَتْ أَفْئِدَتُهُمْ، وَ طَاشَتْ عُقُولُهُمْ، وَ هَامَتْ حُلُومُهُمْ، إِعْزَازاً لِلَّهِ وَ إِعْظَاماً وَ إِجْلَالًا لَهُ.
But, whenever the Greatness of Allah-azwj is mentioned, their tongues are broken, and their hearts are cut off, and their intellects are bewildered, and their dreams are confused, in fondness of Allah-azwj, and reverence, and homage to Him-azwj.
فَإِذَا أَفَاقُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ- اسْتَبَقُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ بِالْأَعْمَالِ الزَّاكِيَةِ، يَعُدُّونَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ مَعَ الظَّالِمِينَ وَ الْخَاطِئِينَ، وَ أَنَّهُمْ بِرَاءٌ مِنَ الْمُقَصِّرِينَ وَ الْمُفْرِطِينَ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَرْضَوْنَ لِلَّهِ بِالْقَلِيلِ وَ لَا يَسْتَكْثِرُونَ لِلَّهِ الْكَثِيرَ، وَ لَا يُدِلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ بِالْأَعْمَالِ- فَهُمْ مَتَى مَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ مَهْمُومُونَ مُرَوَّعُونَ، خَائِفُونَ مُشْفِقُونَ، وَجِلُونَ.
So when they wake up from that, they anticipate to Allah-azwj the Exalted with the pure deeds, counting themselves with the unjust ones and the erring ones, and (although) they are disavowed from the derogators and the forgers. But, they are not pleased for Allah-azwj with the little (deeds performed), nor are they considering a lot for Allah-azwj, the numerous (deeds performed), nor are they ceasing to Him-azwj with the deeds. So they are such that, whenever you look at them, they would be worried, terrified, fearful, awed, apprehensive.
فَأَيْنَ أَنْتُمْ مِنْهُمْ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُبْتَدِعِينَ- أَ لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ أَعْلَمَ النَّاسِ بِالْقَدَرِ أَسْكَتُهُمْ عَنْهُ وَ إِنْ أَجْهَلَ النَّاسِ بِالْقَدَرِ أَنْطَقُهُمْ فِيهِ.
So where are you all from them, O group of innovators? Are you not knowing that the most knowledge of the people with the Pre-determination are those most silent from it, and that the most ignorant of the people with the Pre-determination are the ones most speaking with regards to it?’
[وَجْهُ تَسْمِيَةِ شَعْبَانَ:]
A perspective on naming of (the month of) Shaban
يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُبْتَدِعِينَ هَذَا يَوْمُ غُرَّةِ شَعْبَانَ الْكَرِيمِ- سَمَّاهُ رَبُّنَا شَعْبَانَ لِتَشَعُّبِ الْخَيْرَاتِ فِيهِ، قَدْ فَتَحَ رَبُّكُمْ فِيهِ أَبْوَابَ جِنَانِهِ، وَ عَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ قُصُورَهَا وَ خَيْرَاتِهَا بِأَرْخَصِ الْأَثْمَانِ، وَ أَسْهَلِ الْأُمُورِ فَأَبَيْتُمُوهَا
O group of innovators! This is first day of the honourable (month of) Shaban. Our Lord-azwj Named is as Shaban due to the spreading out of the goodness during it. Your Lord-azwj has Opened the Gates of His-azwj Gardens during it and Displayed upon you its castles and its goodness for a cheap price and easy affairs, therefore acquire these.
وَ عَرَضَ لَكُمْ إِبْلِيسُ اللَّعِينُ بِشُعَبِ شُرُورِهِ وَ بَلَايَاهُ فَأَنْتُمْ دَائِباً تَنْهَمِكُونَ فِي الْغَيِّ وَ الطُّغْيَانِ، وَ تَتَمَسَّكُونَ بِشُعَبِ إِبْلِيسَ، وَ تَحِيدُونَ عَنْ شُعَبِ الْخَيْرِ الْمَفْتُوحِ لَكُمْ أَبْوَابُهُ.
And Iblees-la the Accursed has displayed to you the spreading of its evil and its afflictions, so you get lured into being busy in the error and tyranny, and you would be in contact with the spread of Iblees-la, and would depart from the spread of the goodness, the doors of which are Open for you.
هَذِهِ غُرَّةُ شَعْبَانَ، وَ شُعَبُ خَيْرَاتِهِ الصَّلَاةُ، وَ الصَّوْمُ، وَ الزَّكَاةُ، وَ الْأَمْرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ النَّهْيُ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ، وَ بِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ الْقَرَابَاتِ وَ الْجِيرَانِ، وَ إِصْلَاحُ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ، وَ الصَّدَقَةُ عَلَى الْفُقَرَاءِ وَ الْمَسَاكِينِ،
This is the beginning of Shaban, and the spreading of its goodness is the Salat, and the Sawn, and the Zakat, and the enjoining with the goodness and the forbidding from the evil, and kindness with the parents and the relatives and the neighbours, and reconciliation between two, and the charity upon the poor and the needy.
تَتَكَلَّفُونَ مَا قَدْ وُضِعَ عَنْكُمْ، وَ مَا قَدْ نُهِيتُمْ عَنِ الْخَوْضِ فِيهِ مِنْ كَشْفِ سَرَائِرِ اللَّهِ- الَّتِي مَنْ فَتَّشَ عَنْهَا كَانَ مِنَ الْهَالِكِينَ. أَمَا إِنَّكُمْ لَوْ وَقَفْتُمْ عَلَى مَا قَدْ أَعَدَّهُ رَبُّنَا عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- لِلْمُطِيعِينَ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، لَقَصَرْتُمْ عَمَّا أَنْتُمْ فِيهِ، وَ شَرَعْتُمْ فِيمَا أُمِرْتُمْ بِهِ-
You are indulging in what has been dropped from you (discussion on Pre-determination), and what you have been forbidden from the delving into it – from the uncovering of the Secrets of Allah-azwj which, the one who uncovers from these, would be from the destroyed ones. As for you all, if you had paused upon what our Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic has Preparted for the obedient ones from His-azwj servants during this day, you would have paused from what you are (indulging) in, and would have begun indulging in what you have been Commanded with’.
قَالُوا: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ مَا الَّذِي أَعَدَّ اللَّهُ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ لِلْمُطِيعِينَ لَهُ
They said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen-asws! And what is that which Allah-azwj has Prepared during this day for the ones obedient to Him-azwj?’
فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع: لَا أُحَدِّثُكُمْ إِلَّا بِمَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص: لَقَدْ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جَيْشاً ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ- إِلَى قَوْمٍ مِنْ أَشِدَّاءِ الْكُفَّارِ، فَأَبْطَأَ عَلَيْهِ خَبَرُهُمْ، وَ تَعَلَّقَ قَلْبُهُ بِهِمْ. وَ قَالَ: لَيْتَ [لَنَا] مَنْ يَتَعَرَّفُ أَخْبَارَهُمْ، وَ يَأْتِينَا بِأَنْبَائِهِمْ.
So Amir Al Momineen-asws said: ‘I-asws will not narrate to you except with what I-asws heard from Rasool-Allah-saww. One day Rasool-Allah-saww sent an army to a people from the hardened Kafirs, and their news had been delayed to him and his-saww heart was concerned about them, so he-saww said: ‘If only there was someone for us who could relate their news and come to us with their information’.
بَيْنَا هُوَ قَائِلٌ هَذَا، إِذْ جَاءَهُ الْبَشِيرُ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَدْ ظَفِرُوا بِأَعْدَائِهِمْ- وَ اسْتَوْلَوْا [عَلَيْهِمْ] وَ صَيَّرُوهُمْ بَيْنَ قَتِيلٍ وَ جَرِيحٍ وَ أَسِيرٍ، وَ انْتَهَبُوا أَمْوَالَهُمْ، وَ سَبَوْا ذَرَارِيَّهُمْ وَ عِيَالَهُمْ.
While he-saww was saying this, when the good news came that they had been victorious against their enemies and had sized them, and that they had become between the killed, and the injured, and captives, and their wealth had been seized and their offspring and their dependants had been made captives.
فَلَمَّا قَرُبَ الْقَوْمُ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ، خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِأَصْحَابِهِ يَتَلَقَّاهُمْ، فَلَمَّا لَقِيَهُمْ وَ رَئِيسُهُمْ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ، وَ كَانَ قَدْ أَمَّرَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ- فَلَمَّا رَأَى زَيْدٌ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص نَزَلَ عَنْ نَاقَتِهِ، وَ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص، وَ قَبَّلَ رِجْلَهُ، ثُمَّ قَبَّلَ يَدَهُ، فَأَخَذَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَبَّلَ رَأْسَهُ.
So when the group (army) was near to Al Medina, Rasool-Allah-saww went out to them along with his-saww companions to meet them. When he-saww did meet them, and their leader was Zayd Bin Harisa, and he-saww had made him the leader upon them, and when Zayd saw Rasool-Allah-saww, he descended from his she-camel and came over to Rasool-Allah-saww and kissed his-saww feet, then kissed his-saww hand. So Rasool-Allah-saww grabbed him and kissed his head.
[ثُمَّ نَزَلَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فَقَبَّلَ يَدَهُ وَ رِجْلَهُ وَ ضَمَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى نَفْسِهِ.
Then Abdullah Bin Rawaha descended unto Rasool-Allah-saww and kissed his-saww hand and his-saww left, and Rasool-Allah-saww embraced him to himself-saww.
ثُمَّ نَزَلَ إِلَيْهِ قَيْسُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ الْمِنْقَرِيُ فَقَبَّلَ يَدَهُ- وَ رِجْلَهُ وَ ضَمَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَيْهِ].
Then Qays Bin Aasim Al-Minqary descended and kissed his-saww hand and his-saww leg, and Rasool-Allah-saww embraced him to him-saww.
ثُمَّ نَزَلَ إِلَيْهِ سَائِرُ الْجَيْشِ وَ وَقَفُوا يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ، وَ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص خَيْراً ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ: حَدِّثُونِي خَبَرَكُمْ- وَ حَالَكُمْ مَعَ أَعْدَائِكُمْ.
Then the rest of the army descended and they paused greeting upon him-saww, and Rasool-Allah-saww responded goodly to them, then said to them: ‘Narrated to me you news, and you state with your enemies’.
وَ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ مِنْ أُسَرَاءِ الْقَوْمِ- وَ ذَرَارِيِّهِمْ وَ عِيَالاتِهِمْ وَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ- مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَ الْفِضَّةِ وَ صُنُوفِ الْأَمْتِعَةِ شَيْءٌ عَظِيمٌ. فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ عَلِمْتَ كَيْفَ حَالُنَا لَعَظُمَ تَعَجُّبُكَ.
And there were with them from the captives of the people, and their offspring, and the dependants, and their wealth – from the gold, and the silver, and the kinds of belongings of great things. So they said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! If you-saww get to know our state, your-saww wonder would be great’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: لَمْ أَكُنْ أَعْلَمُ ذَلِكَ- حَتَّى عَرَّفَنِيهِ الْآنَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع، وَ مَا كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ شَيْئاً مِنْ كِتَابِهِ وَ دِينِهِ أَيْضاً- حَتَّى عَلَّمَنِيهِ رَبِّي، قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ كَذلِكَ أَوْحَيْنا إِلَيْكَ رُوحاً مِنْ أَمْرِنا- ما كُنْتَ تَدْرِي مَا الْكِتابُ وَ لَا الْإِيمانُ- إِلَى قَوْلِهِ صِراطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ. وَ لَكِنْ حَدِّثُوا بِذَلِكَ إِخْوَانَكُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، لِأُصَدِّقَكُمْ [فَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ بِصِدْقِكُمْ].
So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘I-saww did not happen to know that until Jibraeel-as just now informed me-saww, and I-saww did not know anything from His-azwj Book and His-azwj Religion as well until my-saww Lord-azwj Taught me-saww. And thus We Revealed to you a Spirit from Our Command. You did not know what the Book was, nor the Eman, – up to His-azwj Words: the Straight Path [42:52]. But narrate with that to your brethren, these Momineen, so they would ratify you, for Jibraeel-as has informed me-saww with your truthfulness’.
فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا لَمَّا قَرُبْنَا مِنَ الْعَدُوِّ بَعَثْنَا عَيْناً لَنَا- لِيَعْرِفَ أَخْبَارَهُمْ وَ عَدَدَهُمْ لَنَا، فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْنَا يُخْبِرُنَا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْرُ أَلْفِ رَجُلٍ، وَ كُنَّا أَلْفَيْ رَجُلٍ، وَ إِذَا الْقَوْمُ قَدْ خَرَجُوا- إِلَى ظَاهِرِ بَلَدِهِمْ فِي أَلْفِ رَجُلٍ، وَ تَرَكُوا فِي الْبَلَدِ ثَلَاثَةَ آلَافٍ يُوهِمُونَنَا أَنَّهُمْ أَلْفٌ،
So they said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! When we were close to the enemy, we sent a spy of ours to familiarise with their news and count (their number) for us. He returned to us informing us that they were approximately a thousand men, and we were two thousand men. And it was so that that the people had gone out to the back of their city among a thousand men, and they had left three thousand in the city which we were assuming that they were a thousand.
وَ أَخْبَرَنَا صَاحِبُنَا أَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ: نَحْنُ أَلْفٌ وَ هُمْ أَلْفَانِ وَ لَسْنَا نُطِيقُ مُكَافَحَتَهُمْ، وَ لَيْسَ لَنَا إِلَّا التَّحَاصُنُ فِي الْبَلَدِ- حَتَّى تَضِيقَ صُدُورُهُمْ مِنْ مُنَازَلَتِنَا، فَيَنْصَرِفُوا عَنَّا.
And our companion informed us that they were saying in between them, ‘We are a thousand, and they are two thousand, and we would not be endure countering them, and there isn’t (a way) for us except that we fortify ourselves inside the city, until their chests are constricted from our houses, so they would disperse from us’.
فَتَجَرَّأْنَا بِذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَ زَحَفْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ، فَدَخَلُوا بَلَدَهُمْ، وَ أَغْلَقُوا دُونَنَا بَابَهُ، فَقَعَدْنَا نُنَازِلُهُمْ.
So we were encouraged by that against them, and we advanced towards them and entered their city, and we closed its gates behind us, and we sat awaiting them (for duel).
فَلَمَّا جَنَّ عَلَيْنَا اللَّيْلُ، وَ صِرْنَا إِلَى نِصْفِهِ، فَتَحُوا بَابَ بَلَدِهِمْ، وَ نَحْنُ غَارُّونَ نَائِمُونَ- مَا كَانَ فِينَا مُنْتَبِهٌ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةُ نَفَرٍ: زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ فِي جَانِبٍ مِنْ جَوَانِبِ عَسْكَرِنَا- يُصَلِّي وَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ. وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فِي جَانِبٍ آخَرَ- يُصَلِّي وَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ. وَ قَتَادَةُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ فِي جَانِبٍ آخَرَ- يُصَلِّي وَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ. وَ قَيْسُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ فِي جَانِبٍ آخَرَ- يُصَلِّي وَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ.
So when the night shielded upon us and went we came to its half (midnight), they opened the gate of their city, while we were heedless, sleeping. There were no attentive ones among us except for four persons – Zayd Bin Harisa in one side from the sides of our soldiers, praying Salat and reciting the Quran; and Abdullah Bin Rawaha in another side, praying Salat and reciting the Quran; and Qatada Bin Al Nu’man in another side, praying Salat and reciting the Quran; and Qays Bin Aasim in another side, praying and reciting the Quran.
فَخَرَجُوا فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الظَّلْمَاءِ الدَّامِسَةِ، وَ رَشَقُونَا بِنِبَالِهِمْ، وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ بَلَدَهُمْ، وَ هُمْ بِطُرُقِهِ وَ مَوَاضِعِهِ عَالِمُونَ، وَ نَحْنُ بِهَا جَاهِلُونَ، فَقُلْنَا فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا: دُهِينَا وَ أُوتِينَا، هَذَا لَيْلٌ مُظْلِمٌ لَا يُمْكِنُنَا أَنْ نَتَّقِيَ النِّبَالَ، لِأَنَّا لَا نُبْصِرُهَا.
So they came out in the intense darkness of the night and fired their arrows at us. And it was their city, and they were familiar with its ways and its places, and we were ignorant with these. So we said between us, ‘They are cunning with us and coming to us, in the darkness of this night. It is not possible for us to dodge the arrows because we cannot see these coming’.
فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ رَأَيْنَا ضَوْءاً خَارِجاً- مِنْ فِي قَيْسِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ كَالنَّارِ الْمُشْتَعِلَةِ. وَ ضَوْءاً خَارِجاً مِنْ فِي قَتَادَةَ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ كَضَوْءِ الزُّهْرَةِ وَ الْمُشْتَرِي، وَ ضَوْءاً خَارِجاً مِنْ فِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَوَاحَةَ كَشُعَاعِ الْقَمَرِ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الْمُظْلِمَةِ. وَ نُوراً سَاطِعاً مِنْ فِي زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ أَضْوَأَ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ الطَّالِعَةِ.
So while we were like that when we saw an illumination coming out from the mouth of Qays Bin Aasim Al-Miqary, like the flaming fire; and an illumination coming out from the mouth of Qatada Bin Al-Nu’man like the illumination of the venues and the Jupiter; and an illumination coming out from the mouth of Abdullah Bin Awaha like rays of the moon in the dark night; and light spread out from the mouth of Zayd Bin Harisa, more illuminating than the emerging sun.
وَ إِذَا تِلْكَ الْأَنْوَارُ قَدْ أَضَاءَتْ مُعَسْكَرَنَا- حَتَّى إِنَّهُ أَضْوَأُ مِنْ نِصْفِ النَّهَارِ، وَ أَعْدَاؤُنَا فِي ظُلْمَةٍ شَدِيدَةٍ، فَأَبْصَرْنَاهُمْ وَ عَمُوا [عَنَّا]، فَفَرَّقَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى أَحَطْنَا بِهِمْ، وَ نَحْنُ نُبْصِرُهُمْ وَ هُمْ لَا يُبْصِرُونَنَا، وَ نَحْنُ بُصَرَاءُ، وَ هُمْ عُمْيَانٌ، فَوَضَعْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ السُّيُوفَ فَصَارُوا بَيْنَ قَتِيلٍ وَ جَرِيحٍ وَ أَسِيرٍ.
And it was so that those lights had illuminated our soldiers until it was brighter than the middle of the day, and our enemies were in intense darkness. So we could see them, but they were blinded from us, and Zayd Bin Harisa separated us to go against them until we had surrounded them, and we could see them, but they could not see us, and we were seeing ones and they were blind ones. So we unsheathed our swords upon them, and they came to be between the killed, and the injured, and the captive.
وَ دَخَلْنَا بَلَدَهُمْ فَاشْتَمَلْنَا عَلَى الذَّرَارِيِّ وَ الْعِيَالِ- وَ الْأَثَاثِ [وَ الْأَمْوَالِ]، وَ هَذِهِ عِيَالاتُهُمْ وَ ذَرَارِيُّهُمْ، وَ هَذِهِ أَمْوَالُهُمْ، وَ مَا رَأَيْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَعْجَبَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَنْوَارِ- مِنْ أَفْوَاهِ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمِ، الَّتِي عَادَتْ ظُلْمَةً عَلَى أَعْدَائِنَا حَتَّى مُكِّنَّا مِنْهُمْ.
And we entered their city, so we rounded up the offsprings and the dependants, and the belongings, and the wealth – and these are their dependants and their offspring, and this here is their wealth. And, O Rasool-Allah-saww! We have not seen anything more strange than those lights, from the mouths of these people, which returned the darkness upon our enemies until it enabled us from (being victorious over) them’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: قُولُوا الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ- عَلَى مَا فَضَّلَكُمْ بِهِ مِنْ شَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ هَذِهِ كَانَتْ [لَيْلَةَ] غُرَّةِ شَعْبَانَ، وَ قَدِ انْسَلَخَ عَنْهُمُ الشَّهْرُ الْحَرَامُ، وَ هَذِهِ الْأَنْوَارُ بِأَعْمَالِ إِخْوَانِكُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي غُرَّةِ شَعْبَانَ أَسْلَفُوا بِهَا أَنْوَاراً فِي لَيْلَتِهَا- قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقَعَ مِنْهُمُ الْأَعْمَالُ.
So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Say, ‘The Praise is for Allah-azwj, Lord-azwj of the worlds’, upon what He-azwj has Graced you all with from the month of Shaban. This was the night of the first of Shaban, and the Sacred month had passed away from them, these are the lights with the deeds of these brothers of yours during the first of Shaban. They sent forth the lights during its nights, before the deeds had even occurred from them’.
قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ مَا تِلْكَ الْأَعْمَالُ لِنُثَابِرَ عَلَيْهَا
They said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And what are those deeds so we can be habitual upon it?’
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: أَمَّا قَيْسُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ الْمِنْقَرِيُّ، فَإِنَّهُ أَمَرَ بِمَعْرُوفٍ فِي يَوْمِ غُرَّةِ شَعْبَانَ، وَ قَدْ نَهَى عَنْ مُنْكَرٍ، وَ دَلَّ عَلَى خَيْرٍ، فَلِذَلِكَ قُدِّمَ لَهُ النُّورُ فِي بَارِحَةِ يَوْمِهِ- عِنْدَ قِرَاءَتِهِ الْقُرْآنَ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘As for Qays Bin Aasim Al-Miqary, so he enjoined with the goodness during the day of the first of Shaban, and he had forbidden from evil, and pointed upon goodness. Therefore, due to that, the light preceded for him during the previous night of his day – with his recitation of the Quran.
وَ أَمَّا قَتَادَةُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ، فَإِنَّهُ قَضَى دَيْناً كَانَ عَلَيْهِ فِي [يَوْمِ] غُرَّةِ شَعْبَانَ، فَلِذَلِكَ أَسْلَفَهُ اللَّهُ النُّورَ فِي بَارِحَةِ يَوْمِهِ.
And as for Qatada Bin Al Nu’man, so he fulfilled the debt which was upon him during the day of the first of Shaban, therefore, due to that, Allah-azwj Sent forth the light during the previous night of his day.
وَ أَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ، فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ بَرّاً بِوَالِدَيْهِ، فَكَثُرَتْ غَنِيمَتُهُ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ غَدٍ، قَالَ لَهُ أَبُوهُ: إِنِّي وَ أُمُّكَ لَكَ مُحِبَّانِ، وَ إِنَّ امْرَأَتَكَ فُلَانَةَ تُؤْذِينَا وَ تُعَنِّينَا وَ إِنَّا لَا نَأْمَنُ مِنْ أَنْ تُصَابَ فِي بَعْضِ هَذِهِ الْمَشَاهِدِ، وَ لَسْنَا نَأْمَنُ أَنْ تُسْتَشْهَدَ فِي بَعْضِهَا، فَتُدَاخِلَنَا هَذِهِ فِي أَمْوَالِكَ، وَ يَزْدَادَ عَلَيْنَا بَغْيُهَا وَ عَنَتُهَا.
And as for Abdullah Bin Rawaha, so he was righteous with his parents, and his booty was a lot during this night. So when it was the morning, his father said to him, ‘I and your mother are both beloved to you, and your wife so and so, is hurting us and tiring us. And we are not secure of you being harmed during one of these confrontations, and we are not secure that you might be martyred in one of these, so you would include us in this wealth and she would increase her rebellion and her curses upon us’.
فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ: مَا كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ بَغْيَهَا عَلَيْكُمْ، وَ كَرَاهَتَكُمَا لَهَا، وَ لَوْ كُنْتُ عَلِمْتُ ذَلِكَ لَأَبَنْتُهَا مِنْ نَفْسِي، وَ لَكِنِّي قَدْ أَبَنْتُهَا الْآنَ لِتَأْمَنَا مَا تَحْذَرَانِ، فَمَا كُنْتُ بِالَّذِي أُحِبُّ مَنْ تَكْرَهَانِ. فَلِذَلِكَ أَسْلَفَهُ اللَّهُ النُّورَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُمْ.
So Abdullah said, ‘I did not know of her rebellion upon you, and her disliking you both, and had I known that I would have irrevocably divorced her from myself. But, I hereby irrevocably divorce her right now for you to be secure from what you are both cautious of, for I don’t want to be the one who loves the one who abhors you both’. Therefore, due to that, Allah-azwj Sent forth the light which you saw.
وَ أَمَّا زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ الَّذِي كَانَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ فِيهِ نُورٌ أَضْوَأُ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ الطَّالِعَةِ، وَ هُوَ سَيِّدُ الْقَوْمِ وَ أَفْضَلُهُمْ، فَقَدْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ مَا يَكُونُ مِنْهُ، فَاخْتَارَهُ وَ فَضَّلَهُ عَلَى عِلْمِهِ بِمَا يَكُونُ مِنْهُ إِنَّهُ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي وَلِيَ هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ- الَّتِي كَانَ فِيهَا ظَفَرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ- بِالشَّمْسِ الطَّالِعَةِ مِنْ فِيهِ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ مُنَافِقِي عَسْكَرِهِ يُرِيدُ التَّضْرِيبَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع، وَ إِفْسَادَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا
And as for Zayd Bin Harisa, that which came out from his mouth, light more illuminating that the emerging sun – he was the chief of the people and their superior, and Allah-azwj had Known what was be happening from him. So He-azwj hose him and Graced him upon his knowledge with what would be happening from him during the day which was to follow this night – in which the Momineen were victorious in – with the emerging sun from his mouth. A man from the hypocrites of his soldiers came over intending the souring of relations between him and Ali Bin Abu Talib-asws, and spoiling whatever was between them.
فَقَالَ [لَهُ]: بَخْ بَخْ- أَصْبَحْتَ لَا نَظِيرَ لَكَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ صَحَابَتِهِ هَذَا بَلَاؤُكَ، وَ هَذَا الَّذِي شَاهَدْنَاهُ نُورُكَ.
So he said to him, ‘Congratulations, congratulations! You come to the morning and there is no match for you among the People-asws of the Household of Rasool-Allah-saww and his-saww companions. This plague is your doing, and this light of yours which we witnessed’.
فَقَالَ لَهُ زَيْدٌ: يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ- وَ لَا تُفْرِطْ فِي الْمَقَالِ، وَ لَا تَرْفَعْنِي فَوْقَ قَدْرِي، فَإِنَّكَ [لِلَّهِ] بِذَلِكَ مُخَالِفٌ وَ [بِهِ] كَافِرٌ، وَ إِنِّي إِنْ تَلَقَّيْتُ مَقَالَتَكَ هَذِهِ بِالْقَبُولِ لَكُنْتُ كَذَلِكَ.
Zayd said to him, ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! Fear Allah-azwj and do not exaggerate in the speech, nor raise me above my worth, for you would be opposing Allah-azwj with that and would be a Kafir due to it, and so would I, if I was to accept this speech of your with the acceptance, that I was like that.
يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ، أَ لَا أُحَدِّثُكَ- بِمَا كَانَ فِي أَوَائِلِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ مَا بَعْدَهُ، حَتَّى دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ الْمَدِينَةَ وَ زَوَّجَهُ فَاطِمَةَ ع، وَ وُلِدَ لَهُ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع قَالَ: بَلَى.
O Abdullah! Shall I narrate to you with what was during the beginning of Al Islam and what was after it, until Rasool-Allah-azwj entered Al-Medina, and got Fatima-asws married, and she-asws was Blessed with Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws?’ He said, ‘Yes’.
قَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ لِي شَدِيدَ الْمَحَبَّةِ- حَتَّى تَبَنَّانِي لِذَلِكَ فَكُنْتُ أُدْعَى «زَيْدَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ» إِلَى أَنْ وُلِدَ لِعَلِيٍّ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع فَكَرِهْتُ ذَلِكَ لِأَجْلِهِمَا، وَ قُلْتُ- لِمَنْ كَانَ يَدْعُونِي-: أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَدْعُوَنِي زَيْداً مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَإِنِّي أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أُضَاهِيَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع،
He said, ‘Rasool-Allah-saww had intense love for me to the extent that he-saww considered me as a son due to that. So I used to be called, ‘Zayd son of Muhammad-saww, until (such time as) Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws were born for Ali-asws. So I disliked that for their-asws reason, and I said to the one who was calling me as such, ‘I would love it if you could call me, ‘Zayd, slave of Rasool-Allah-saww’, for I dislike it that I should be equalled to Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws
فَلَمْ يَزَلْ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى صَدَّقَ اللَّهُ ظَنِّي، وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ص: ما جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ قَلْبَيْنِ فِي جَوْفِهِ. يَعْنِي قَلْباً يُحِبُّ مُحَمَّداً وَ آلَهُ، وَ يُعَظِّمُهُمْ، وَ قَلْباً يُعَظِّمُ بِهِ غَيْرَهُمْ كَتَعْظِيمِهِمْ. أَوْ قَلْباً يُحِبُّ بِهِ أَعْدَاءَهُمْ، بَلْ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَعْدَاءَهُمْ فَهُوَ يُبْغِضُهُمْ وَ لَا يُحِبُّهُمْ. [وَ مَنْ سَوَّى بِهِمْ مَوَالِيَهُمْ فَهُوَ يُبْغِضُهُمْ وَ لَا يُحِبُّهُمْ].
So I did not cease to be like that until Allah-azwj Ratified my thinking and Revealed unto Muhammad-saww: Allah has not Made for any man two hearts within him [33:4] – meaning a heart which loves Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws and reveres them-asws, and a heart revering others with it like their-asws reverence; or a heart revering their-asws enemies with it. But, the one who loves their-asws enemies, so he is (actually) hating them-asws and does not love them-asws, (and the one who equates them-asws with their-asws friends, so he (actually) hates them and does not love them-asws)’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَ ما جَعَلَ أَزْواجَكُمُ- اللَّائِي تُظاهِرُونَ مِنْهُنَّ أُمَّهاتِكُمْ وَ ما جَعَلَ أَدْعِياءَكُمْ أَبْناءَكُمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ أُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتابِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي الْحَسَنُ ع وَ الْحُسَيْنُ ع أَوْلَى بِبُنُوَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ فَرْضِهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُهاجِرِينَ- إِلَّا أَنْ تَفْعَلُوا إِلى أَوْلِيائِكُمْ مَعْرُوفاً إِحْسَاناً وَ إِكْرَاماً لَا يَبْلُغُ ذَلِكَ مَحَلَّ الْأَوْلَادِ كانَ ذلِكَ فِي الْكِتابِ مَسْطُوراً
Then He-azwj Said: nor has He made your wives whose backs you liken to the backs of your mothers as your mothers, nor has He Made those whom you assert to be your sons as your real sons [33:4] – up to His-azwj Words and the possessors of relationships some of them are closer to others in the Book of Allah [33:6] – meaning Al-Hassan and Al-Husayn-asws are foremost with the sonship of Rasool-Allah-saww in the Book of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Obligations than the Believers and the Emigrants except that you should do good to your friends – doing favours and be honouring. That does not reach a position of the children, that was in the Written Book [33:6].
فَتَرَكُوا ذَلِكَ- وَ جَعَلُوا يَقُولُونَ زَيْدٌ أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ. فَمَا زَالَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ لِي هَذَا [وَ أَكْرَهُهُ] حَتَّى أَعَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْمُؤَاخَاةَ- بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
So they left that (calling me as the son of Muhammad-saww) – and went on saying, ‘Zayd, brother of Rasool-Allah-saww’. The people did not cease to be saying this for me and I disliked it, until Rasool-Allah-azwj established the brotherhood between him-saww and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws.
ثُمَّ قَالَ زَيْدٌ: يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ زَيْداً مَوْلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع كَمَا هُوَ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص، فَلَا تَجْعَلْهُ نَظِيرَهُ، وَ لَا تَرْفَعْهُ فَوْقَ قَدْرِهِ، فَتَكُونَ كَالنَّصَارَى لَمَّا رَفَعُوا عِيسَى ع فَوْقَ قَدْرِهِ، فَكَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ [الْعَلِيِ] الْعَظِيمِ.
Then Zayd said, ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! Zayd is a slave of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws just as he-asws is a slave of Rasool-Allah-saww, therefore do not make him (Zayd) to be his-asws peer, nor raise him to be above his worth, for you would become like the Christians when they raised Isa-as above his-as worth, they disbelieving in Allah-azwj, the Exalted, the Magnificent’.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: فَلِذَلِكَ فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ زَيْداً بِمَا رَأَيْتُمْ، وَ شَرَّفَهُ بِمَا شَاهَدْتُمْ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Thus, due to that, Allah-azwj Graced Zayd with what you saw, and Ennobled him with what you witnessed.
وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً- إِنَّ الَّذِي أَعَدَّهُ اللَّهُ لِزَيْدٍ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لَيَصْغُرُ فِي جَنْبِهِ مَا شَاهَدْتُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا مِنْ نُورِهِ، إِنَّهُ لَيَأْتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ نُورُهُ- يَسِيرُ أَمَامَهُ وَ خَلْفَهُ وَ يَمِينَهُ وَ يَسَارَهُ وَ فَوْقَهُ وَ تَحْتَهُ، مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ مَسِيرَةَ أَلْفِ سَنَةٍ.
By the One-azwj Whom Sent me-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! That which Allah-azwj has Prepared for Zayd in the Hereafter would make pale into insignificance in his side what you saw in the world from his light. He would come on the Day of Judgment and his light would spread in front of him, and behind him, and his right, and his left, and above him, and beneath him, from every side to a travel distance of a thousand years’.
[فَضَائِلُ شَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ]
Merits of the Month of Shaban
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَ وَ لَا أُحَدِّثُكُمْ بِهَزِيمَةٍ تَقَعُ فِي إِبْلِيسَ وَ أَعْوَانِهِ وَ جُنُودِهِ أَشَدَّ مِمَّا وَقَعَتْ فِي أَعْدَائِكُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ قَالُوا: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Shall I-saww narrate to you with the defeat which occurs in Iblees-la and his-la aides, and his-la army. It is more severe than what occurred among these enemies of yours’. They said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً، إِنَّ إِبْلِيسَ إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلُ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ بَثَّ جُنُودَهُ فِي أَقْطَارِ الْأَرْضِ وَ آفَاقِهَا، يَقُولُ لَهُمْ: اجْتَهِدُوا فِي اجْتِذَابِ بَعْضِ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ- إِلَيْكُمْ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent me-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww. Whenever it is the first day of Shaban, Iblees-la sends his-la army in the outskirts of the earth and its horizons, and is saying to them, ‘Strive in attracting some servants of Allah-azwj towards you during this day’.
وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بَثَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ- فِي أَقْطَارِ الْأَرْضِ وَ آفَاقِهَا يَقُولُ [لَهُمْ]: سَدِّدُوا عِبَادِي وَ أَرْشِدُوهُمْ. فَكُلُّهُمْ يَسْعَدُ بِكُمْ إِلَّا مَنْ أَبَى وَ تَمَرَّدَ وَ طَغَى، فَإِنَّهُ يَصِيرُ فِي حِزْبِ إِبْلِيسَ وَ جُنُودِهِ.
And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sends the Angels in the outskirts of the earth and its horizons Saying to them: “Protect My-azwj servants and guide them aright, so all of them would be protected by you except for the one who refuses and rebels and exceeds, for he would come to be in the party of Iblees-la and his-la army!”
إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلُ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ أَمَرَ بِأَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ فَتُفَتَّحُ، وَ يَأْمُرُ شَجَرَةَ طُوبَى فَتُطْلِعُ أَغْصَانَهَا عَلَى هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا، [ثُمَّ يَأْمُرُ بِأَبْوَابِ النَّارِ فَتُفَتَّحُ، وَ يَأْمُرُ شَجَرَةَ الزَّقُّومِ فَتُطْلِعُ أَغْصَانَهَا عَلَى هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا]
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, whenever it is the first day of Shaban, Commands with the gateways of the Paradise, so they are opened, and He-azwj Commands the tree of Tooba, and its branches emerge upon this world. Then He-azwj Commands with the gates of the Fire, so they are opened, and He-azwj Commands the tree of Zaqoom, and its branches emerge upon this world.
ثُمَّ يُنَادِي مُنَادِي رَبِّنَا عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يَا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ هَذِهِ أَغْصَانُ شَجَرَةِ طُوبَى، فَتَمَسَّكُوا بِهَا، تَرْفَعْكُمْ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ، وَ هَذِهِ أَغْصَانُ شَجَرَةِ الزَّقُّومِ، فَإِيَّاكُمْ وَ إِيَّاهَا، لَا تُؤَدِّيكُمْ إِلَى الْجَحِيمِ.
Then a caller from our Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic calls out: ‘O servants of Allah-azwj! These are the branches of the tree of Tooba, so attach yourselves with it (and) it will raise you to the Paradise! And these are the branches of the tree of Zaqoom, therefore beware of these, (as) these would deposit you to the Hell!’
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: فَوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً- إِنَّ مَنْ تَعَاطَى بَاباً مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَ الْبِرِّ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْ أَغْصَانِ شَجَرَةِ طُوبَى، فَهُوَ مُؤَدِّيهِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ، وَ مَنْ تَعَاطَى بَاباً مِنَ الشَّرِّ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْ أَغْصَانِ شَجَرَةِ الزَّقُّومِ، فَهُوَ مُؤَدِّيهِ إِلَى النَّارِ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent me-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! The one who come to a door of the goodness and the righteousness during this day, so he has attached with a branch from the branches of the tree of Tooba, and he would be deposited to the Paradise. And the one who comes to a door from the evil during this day, so he has attached with a branch from the branches of the tree of Zaqoom, and he would be deposited to the Fire’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: فَمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ لِلَّهِ بِصَلَاةٍ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘So the one who volunteers for Allah-azwj with the Salat during this day, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ صَامَ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who Fasts during it, so he has attached to a branch from it.
[وَ مَنْ عَفَا عَنْ مَظْلِمَةٍ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ]
And the one who pardons an injustice, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ أَصْلَحَ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَ زَوْجِهِ، أَوِ الْوَالِدِ وَ وَلَدِهِ أَوِ الْقَرِيبِ وَ قَرِيبِهِ- أَوِ الْجَارِ وَ جَارِهِ أَوِ الْأَجْنَبِيِّ أَوِ الْأَجْنَبِيَّةِ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who reconciles between the man and his wife, or the parent and his child, or the relative with his relative, or the neighbour and his neighbour, or the foreigner man, or the foreigner woman, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ خَفَّفَ عَنْ مُعْسِرٍ مِنْ دَيْنِهِ أَوْ حَطَّ عَنْهُ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who lightens an insolvent one from his debts, or write is off from him, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ نَظَرَ فِي حِسَابِهِ فَرَأَى دَيْناً عَتِيقاً- قَدْ أَيِسَ مِنْهُ صَاحِبُهُ، فَأَدَّاهُ فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who look into his own accounting, so he sees an old debt – its borrower having had despaired from (paying) it, so he writes it off, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ كَفَلَ يَتِيماً، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who takes responsibility for an orphan, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ كَفَّ سَفِيهاً عَنْ عِرْضِ مُؤْمِنٍ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who stops a foolish one from bothering a Momin, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ أَوْ شَيْئاً مِنْهُ- فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who recites the Quran or something from it, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ قَعَدَ يَذْكُرُ اللَّهَ وَ نَعْمَاءَهُ وَ يَشْكُرُهُ عَلَيْهَا، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who sits mentioning Allah-azwj and His-azwj Bounties, and thanks Him-azwj upon it, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ عَادَ مَرِيضاً فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who consoles a sick one, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ شَيَّعَ فِيهِ جَنَازَةً فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who escorts wherein is a funeral, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ عَزَّى فِيهِ مُصَاباً، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who comforts an injured one, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ بَرَّ وَالِدَيْهِ أَوْ أَحَدَهُمَا فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ- فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ.
And the one who is king to his parents, or one of them during this day, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ كَانَ أَسْخَطَهُمَا قَبْلَ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ- فَأَرْضَاهُمَا فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ
The one who hand angered them before this day, so he pleases them during this day, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ كَذَلِكَ مَنْ فَعَلَ شَيْئاً- مِنْ [سَائِرٍ] مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْخَيْرِ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهُ بِغُصْنٍ
And like that, the one who does anything – from the rest of the doors of goodness during this day, so he has attached to a branch from it’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً، وَ إِنَّ مَنْ تَعَاطَى بَاباً مِنَ الشَّرِّ وَ الْعِصْيَانِ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْ أَغْصَانِ شَجَرَةِ الزَّقُّومِ فَهُوَ مُؤَدِّيهِ إِلَى النَّارِ.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent me-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! And the one who comes to a door from the (acts of) evil and the disobedience during this day, so he has attached to a branch from the branches of the tree of Zaqoom, and he would be deposited to the Fire’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً، فَمَنْ قَصَّرَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ الْمَفْرُوضَةِ وَ ضَيَّعَهَا، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent me-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! So the one who is deficient in his Obligatory Salat and wastes them, so he has attached to a branch from it.
[وَ مَنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ فَرْضُ صَوْمٍ فَفَرَّطَ فِيهِ وَ ضَيَّعَهُ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ].
And the one upon whom was an Obligatory Fast (unperformed), so he leaves it and wastes it, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ جَاءَهُ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ فَقِيرٌ ضَعِيفٌ- يَعْرِفُ سُوءَ حَالِهِ، وَ هُوَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى تَغْيِيرِ حَالِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ ضَرَرٍ يَلْحَقُهُ، وَ لَيْسَ هُنَاكَ مَنْ يَنُوبُ عَنْهُ وَ يَقُومُ مَقَامَهُ، فَتَرَكَهُ يُضَيَّعُ وَ يَعْطَبُ، وَ لَمْ يَأْخُذْ بِيَدِهِ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
And the one to whom comes a poor, a weak one during this day – (and) he recognises his bad state, and he is able upon changing his state from without facing harm (himself), and there isn’t anyone over there who can represent him and stand in his place, so he neglects him, forsaking him to be destroyed, and does not hold his hand, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنِ اعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ مُسِيءٌ، فَلَمْ يَعْذِرْهُ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يَقْتَصِرْ بِهِ عَلَى قَدْرِ عُقُوبَةِ إِسَاءَتِهِ، بَلْ أَرْبَى عَلَيْهِ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
And the one to whom a felon presents excuses to him but he does not excuse him, then he is not deficient with him upon a measurement of relative punishment, but exceeds upon it, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ ضَرَبَ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَ زَوْجِهِ، أَوِ الْوَالِدِ وَ وَلَدِهِ، أَوْ الْأَخِ وَ أَخِيهِ، أَوِ الْقَرِيبِ وَ قَرِيبِهِ، أَوْ بَيْنَ جَارَيْنِ، أَوْ خَلِيطَيْنِ أَوْ أَجْنَبِيَّيْنِ فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
The one who spoils between the man and his wife, or the parent and his child, or the brother and his brother, or the relative and his relative, and between two neighbours, or two mingling ones, or two strangers, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ شَدَّدَ عَلَى مُعْسِرٍ وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ إِعْسَارَهُ، فَزَادَ غَيْظاً وَ بَلَاءً، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ
And the one who is harsh upon the insolvent and he knows of his insolvency, so he increases rage and the scourge, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ فَكَسَرَهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ، وَ تَعَدَّى عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى أَبْطَلَ دَيْنَهُ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
And the upon whom was a debt, so he breaks it (deficient in paying it) to its owner, and transgresses upon him until it invalidates his debt, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ جَفَا يَتِيماً وَ آذَاهُ وَ تَهَضَّمَ مَالَهُ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
One who is disloyal to an orphan and harms him, and devours his wealth, so he has attached to a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ وَقَعَ فِي عِرْضِ أَخِيهِ الْمُؤْمِنِ، وَ حَمَلَ النَّاسَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ
And the one who discredits regarding the honour of his Momin brother, and carried the people upon (doing) that, so he has attached with a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ تَغَنَّى بِغِنَاءٍ حَرَامٍ يَبْعَثُ فِيهِ عَلَى الْمَعَاصِي- فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
And the one who sings with Prohibited singing (music), sending him upon (an act of) disobedience, so he has attached with a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ قَعَدَ يُعَدِّدُ قَبَائِحَ أَفْعَالِهِ فِي الْحُرُوبِ، وَ أَنْوَاعَ ظُلْمِهِ لِعِبَادِ اللَّهِ وَ يَفْتَخِرُ بِهَا فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
And the one who sits counting the ugliness of his deeds during the wards and the variety of his injustices to the servants of Allah-azwj, and he prides with these, so he has attached with a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ كَانَ جَارُهُ مَرِيضاً فَتَرَكَ عِيَادَتَهُ اسْتِخْفَافاً بِحَقِّهِ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
The one who neighbour was sick, and he neglects consoling him taking lightly with his rights, so he has attached with a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ مَاتَ جَارُهُ، فَتَرَكَ تَشْيِيعَ جَنَازَتِهِ تَهَاوُناً بِهِ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
And the one whose neighbour dies, and he neglects escorting his funeral being careless with it, so he has attached with a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ أَعْرَضَ عَنْ مُصَابٍ، وَ جَفَاهُ إِزْرَاءً عَلَيْهِ، وَ اسْتِصْغَاراً لَهُ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
And the one who turns away from an injured person and shunning him out of contempt upon him, and belittling to him, so he has attached with a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ عَقَّ وَالِدَيْهِ أَوْ أَحَدَهُمَا، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
And the one who is disloyal to his patents or one of them, so he has attached with a branch from it.
وَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ عَاقّاً لَهُمَا، فَلَمْ يُرْضِهِمَا فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، وَ [هُوَ] يَقْدِرُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ- فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
And the one who was disloyal to them before, but did not please them during this day, and (although) he was able upon that, so he has attached with a branch from it.
وَ كَذَا مَنْ فَعَلَ شَيْئاً مِنْ سَائِرِ أَبْوَابِ الشَّرِّ، فَقَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْهُ.
And like that is the one who does something from the rest of the doors of the evil, so he has attached with a branch from it.
وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً، إِنَّ المُتَعَلِّقِينَ بِأَغْصَانِ شَجَرَةِ طُوبَى- تَرْفَعُهُمْ تِلْكَ الْأَغْصَانُ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ [وَ إِنَّ الْمُتَعَلِّقِينَ بِأَغْصَانِ شَجَرَةِ الزَّقُّومِ تَخْفِضُهُمْ تِلْكَ الْأَغْصَانُ إِلَى الْجَحِيمِ].
By the One-azwj Who Sent me-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! The ones attached with the Tooba tree – that branch would raise them to the Paradise; and the ones attached with the Zaqoom tree, that branch would lower them into the blazing Fire’.
ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص طَرْفَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ مَلِيّاً، وَ جَعَلَ يَضْحَكُ وَ يَسْتَبْشِرُ- ثُمَّ خَفَضَ طَرْفَهُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ، فَجَعَلَ يَقْطِبُ وَ يَعْبِسُ،
Then Rasool-Allah-saww raised his-saww glance towards the sky for a moment and went on to smile and was cheerful – then dropped his glance towards the ground, and he-saww went on to grimace and frown.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ: وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً، لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ شَجَرَةَ طُوبَى تَرْتَفِعُ [أَغْصَانُهَا] وَ تَرْفَعُ الْمُتَعَلِّقِينَ بِهَا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ، وَ رَأَيْتُ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهَا بِغُصْنٍ- وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهَا بِغُصْنَيْنِ أَوْ بِأَغْصَانٍ- عَلَى حَسَبِ اشْتِمَالِهِمْ عَلَى الطَّاعَاتِ،
Then he-saww turned towards his-saww companions and he-saww said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent Muhammad-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! I-saww have seen the Tooba tree raising its branches and raising the ones attached with these, to the Paradise, and I-saww saw from them, the one who had attached with a branch from it, and from them one who had attached with two branches from it, or (more) branches – upon a measurement of their inclusion upon the acts of obedience.
وَ إِنِّي لَأَرَى زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ قَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِعَامَّةِ أَغْصَانِهَا فَهِيَ تَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى أَعْلَى عَالِيهَا، فَلِذَلِكَ ضَحِكْتُ وَ اسْتَبْشَرْتُ
And I-saww saw Zayd Bin Harisa to have attached with the generality of its branches, and it raised him to the highest of the high. Therefore, due to that, I-saww smiled and was cheerful.
ثُمَّ نَظَرْتُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ، فَوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً، لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ شَجَرَةَ الزَّقُّومِ تَنْخَفِضُ أَغْصَانُهَا- وَ تَخْفِضُ الْمُتَعَلِّقِينَ بِهَا إِلَى الْجَحِيمِ، وَ رَأَيْتُ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ، وَ رَأَيْتُ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ تَعَلَّقَ مِنْهَا بِغُصْنَيْنِ، أَوْ بِأَغْصَانٍ، عَلَى حَسَبَ اشْتِمَالِهِمْ عَلَى الْقَبَائِحِ، وَ إِنِّي لَأَرَى بَعْضَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ قَدْ تَعَلَّقَ بِعَامَّةِ أَغْصَانِهَا، وَ هِيَ تَخْفِضُهُ إِلَى أَسْفَلِ دَرَكَاتِهَا فَلِذَلِكَ عَبَسْتُ وَ قَطَبْتُ.
Then I-saww looked at the ground, and, by the One-azwj Who Sent me-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! I have seen the Zaqoom tree lowering its branches – and lowering the ones attached with these – to the blazing Fire. And I-saww saw from them, one who had attached to a branch, and I-saww saw from them one who had attached to two branches from it, or with (more) branches, upon a reckoning of their inclusion upon the ugliness (evil deeds). And I-saww saw some of the hypocrites to have attached with the generality of its branches, and these were lowering them to the lowers of its (Hell’s) level. Therefore, due to that, I-saww frowned and grimaced.
قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَعَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بَصَرَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ- يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا مَلِيّاً وَ هُوَ يَضْحَكُ وَ يَسْتَبْشِرُ، ثُمَّ خَفَضَ طَرْفَهُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ وَ هُوَ يَقْطِبُ وَ يَعْبِسُ.
He (Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘The Rasool-Allah-saww returned his-saww sight towards the sky, looking at it for a while, and he-saww was smiling and cheerful. Then he-saww lowered his-saww sight towards the ground, and he-saww grimaced and frowned.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ: يَا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ- أَمَّا لَوْ رَأَيْتُمْ مَا رَآهُ نَبِيُّكُمْ مُحَمَّدٌ إِذاً لَأَظْمَأْتُمْ لِلَّهِ بِالنَّهَارِ أَكْبَادَكُمْ، وَ لَجَوَّعْتُمْ لَهُ بُطُونَكُمْ، وَ لَأَسْهَرْتُمْ لَهُ لَيْلَكُمْ، وَ لَأَنْصَبْتُمْ فِيهِ أَقْدَامَكُمْ وَ أَبْدَانَكُمْ، وَ لَأَنْفَدْتُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ أَمْوَالَكُمْ، وَ عَرَضْتُمْ لِلتَّلَفِ فِي الْجِهَادِ أَرْوَاحَكُمْ.
Then he-saww turned towards his-saww companions and he-saww said: ‘O servants of Allah-azwj! But, had you seen what your Prophet-saww Muhammad-saww saw, then you would have kept your liver thirsty for the Sake of Allah-azwj by the day (Fasting), and kept your bellies hungry for Him-azwj, and would have kept vigil for Him-azwj during your nights, and you would have established your feet and your bodies during it, and would have depleted your wealth by (giving) the charities, and would have exposed your selves to the damage regarding the Jihad’.
قَالُوا: وَ مَا هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فِدَاؤُكَ الْآبَاءُ وَ الْأُمَّهَاتُ وَ الْبَنُونَ وَ الْبَنَاتُ وَ الْأَهْلُونَ وَ الْقَرَابَاتُ
They said, ‘And what is it, O Rasool-Allah-saww? May our fathers, and mothers, and the sons, and the daughter, and the family members, and the relatives be sacrificed for you-saww’.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً- لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ تِلْكَ الْأَغْصَانَ مِنْ شَجَرَةِ طُوبَى عَادَتْ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ، فَنَادَى مُنَادِي رَبِّنَا عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خُزَّانَهَا: يَا مَلَائِكَتِي! انْظُرُوا كُلَّ مَنْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْ أَغْصَانِ طُوبَى- فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، فَانْظُرُوا إِلَى مِقْدَارِ مُنْتَهَى ظِلِّ ذَلِكَ الْغُصْنِ، فَأَعْطُوهُ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْجَوَانِبِ- مِثْلَ مَسَاحَتِهِ قُصُوراً وَ دُوراً وَ خَيْرَاتٍ.
So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent me-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! I-saww have seen those branches from the Tooba tree return to the Paradise. So a caller of our Lord-azwj Mighty and Majestic called out to its keeper: “O My-azwj Angels! Look at each one who attached with a branch from the branches of Tooba, during this day. Then look at the measurement of the end-point of the shade of that branch, and give him from the entirety of sides, similar to its area, castles, and gems, and goodnesses!”
فَأُعْطُوا ذَلِكَ: فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أُعْطِيَ مَسِيرَةَ أَلْفِ سَنَةٍ مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ [وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ أُعْطِيَ ضِعْفَهُ] وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ أُعْطِيَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَضْعَافِهِ، وَ أَرْبَعَةَ أَضْعَافِهِ، وَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ عَلَى قَدْرِ [قُوَّةِ] إِيمَانِهِمْ، وَ جَلَالَةِ أَعْمَالِهِمْ.
So they were given that – and from them was one who was given (castles etc.) to a travel distance of a thousand years, from every side; and from them was one given a multiple of it; and from them was one given a multiple of three, and a multiple of four, and more than that upon a measurement of the strength of their Eman, and the majesty of their deeds.
وَ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ صَاحِبَكُمْ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ أُعْطِيَ أَلْفَ ضِعْفِ مَا أُعْطِيَ جَمِيعُهُمْ- عَلَى قَدْرِ فَضْلِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي قُوَّةِ الْإِيمَانِ وَ جَلَالَةِ الْأَعْمَالِ، فَلِذَلِكَ ضَحِكْتُ وَ اسْتَبْشَرْتُ.
And I-saww have seen your companion Zayd Bin Harisa give a thousand multiple of the entirety of them – upon a measurement of his merits over them regarding the strength of the Eman and the majesty of the deeds. Therefore, due to that, I-saww smiled and was cheerful.
وَ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ تِلْكَ الْأَغْصَانَ مِنْ شَجَرَةِ الزَّقُّومِ عَادَتْ إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ، فَنَادَى مُنَادِي رَبِّنَا خُزَّانَهَا: يَا مَلَائِكَتِي- انْظُرُوا مَنْ تَعَلَّقَ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْ أَغْصَانِ شَجَرَةِ الزَّقُّومِ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ فَانْظُرُوا إِلَى مُنْتَهَى مَبْلَغِ حَدِّ ذَلِكَ الْغُصْنِ وَ ظُلْمَتِهِ، فَابْنُوا لَهُ مَقَاعِدَ مِنَ النَّارِ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْجَوَانِبِ، مِثْلَ مَسَاحَتِهِ قُصُورَ النِّيرَانِ، وَ بِقَاعَ غِيرَانٍ، وَ حَيَّاتٍ، وَ عَقَارِبَ، وَ سَلَاسِلَ وَ أَغْلَالٍ، وَ قُيُودٍ، وَ أَنْكَالٍ يُعَذَّبُ بِهَا.
And I-saww have seen those branches from the Zaqoom tree returning to Hell. So a caller of our Lord-azwj called out to its keeper: “O My-azwj Angels! Look at the one who attached with a branch from the branches of the Zaqoom tree, during this day. Then look at the end-point reaching a limit of the branch and its shade. Then build for him a seat of the Fire from the entirety of the sides, like its area – castles of fires, and deep caves, and serpents, and scorpions, and chains, and shackles, and restrictions, and anklets to punish with!”
فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أُعِدَّ لَهُ فِيهَا مَسِيرَةُ سَنَةٍ، أَوْ سَنَتَيْنِ، أَوْ مِائَةِ سَنَةٍ، أَوْ أَكْثَرَ عَلَى قَدْرِ ضَعْفِ إِيمَانِهِمْ وَ سُوءِ أَعْمَالِهِمْ.
So, from them was one was prepared for him therein, a travel distance of a year, or two years, or one hundred years, or more, upon a measurement of a multiple of their Eman and the evilness of their deeds.
وَ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ لِبَعْضِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ أَلْفَ ضِعْفِ- مَا أُعْطِيَ جَمِيعَهُمْ عَلَى قَدْرِ زِيَادَةِ كُفْرِهِ وَ شَرِّهِ، فَلِذَلِكَ قَطَبْتُ وَ عَبَسْتُ.
And I-saww have seen for some of the hypocrites, a thousand multiple of what was given to the entirety of them, upon a measurement of an increase of his Kufr and his evil. Therefore, due to that, I-saww grimaced and frowned’.
ثُمَّ نَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِلَى أَقْطَارِ الْأَرْضِ وَ أَكْنَافِهَا، فَجَعَلَ يَتَعَجَّبُ تَارَةً، وَ يَنْزَعِجُ تَارَةً، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ: طُوبَى لِلْمُطِيعِينَ كَيْفَ يُكْرِمُهُمُ اللَّهُ بِمَلَائِكَتِهِ، وَ الْوَيْلُ لِلْفَاسِقِينَ كَيْفَ يَخْذُلُهُمُ اللَّهُ، وَ يَكِلُهُمْ إِلَى شَيَاطِينِهِمْ.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww looked at the countries of the earth and its fringes, so he-saww went on wondering at times, and being upset at times. Then he-saww faced towards his-saww companions, and he-saww said: ‘Beatitude is for the obedient ones! How Allah-azwj is Honouring them with His-azwj Angels. And woe be unto the evil-doers! How Allah-azwj is Abandoning them and Leaving them to their Satans-la.
وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً- إِنِّي لَأَرَى الْمُتَعَلِّقِينَ بِأَغْصَانِ شَجَرَةِ طُوبَى كَيْفَ قَصَدَتْهُمُ الشَّيَاطِينُ لِيُغْوُوهُمْ، فَحَمَلَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَقْتُلُونَهُمْ- وَ يُثْخِنُونَهُمْ وَ يَطْرُدُونَهُمْ عَنْهُمْ،
By the One-azwj Who Sent me-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! I-saww the ones attached with the branches of the Tooba tree, how the Satans-la aimed to stray them, but the Angels attacked upon them, killing them, and slaughtering them and repelling them-la from them.
فَنَادَاهُمْ مُنَادِي رَبِّنَا: يَا مَلَائِكَتِي- أَلَا فَانْظُرُوا كُلَّ مَلَكٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ- إِلَى مُنْتَهَى مَبْلَغِ نَسِيمِ هَذَا الْغُصْنِ- الَّذِي تَعَلَّقَ بِهِ مُتَعَلِّقٌ- فَقَاتِلُوا الشَّيَاطِينَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ أَخِّرُوهُمْ عَنْهُ،
So a caller of our Lord-azwj called out to them: “O My-azwj Angels! Indeed, look at every Angel in the earth – up to the end-point of the aroma of this branch which the attached one is attached with – so fight against the Satans-la from that Momin and keep them-la away from him!”
فَإِنِّي لَأَرَى بَعْضَهُمْ، وَ قَدْ جَاءَهُ مِنَ الْأَمْلَاكِ مَنْ يَنْصُرُهُ عَلَى الشَّيَاطِينِ وَ يَدْفَعُ عَنْهُ الْمَرَدَةَ.
So I-saww saw one of them, and there had come to him from the Angels, one who helped him against the Satans-la and repelled the renegade from him.
أَلَا فَعَظِّمُوا هَذَا الْيَوْمَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ بَعْدَ تَعْظِيمِكُمْ لِشَعْبَانَ، فَكَمْ مِنْ سَعِيدٍ فِيهِ وَ كَمْ مِنْ شَقِيٍّ فِيهِ لِتَكُونُوا مِنَ السُّعَدَاءِ فِيهِ، وَ لَا تَكُونُوا مِنَ الْأَشْقِيَاءِ.
Indeed! So revere this day of Shaban after your revering Shaban (the month), for how many are fortunate during it, and how many are wretched during it, in order for you to become the fortunate ones during it, and not to become from the wretched ones’’.
تفسير الإمام العسكري (عليه السلام)
TAFSEER OF IMAM AL ASKARI-asws
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ
In the Name of Allah-azwj the Beneficent, the Merciful
قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ «وَ اسْتَشْهِدُوا شَهِيدَيْنِ مِنْ رِجالِكُمْ»
The Words of Mighty and Majestic: And two witnesses should be bearing witness, from your men [2:282]
372 قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع شَهِيدَيْنِ مِنْ رِجالِكُمْ قَالَ: مِنْ أَحْرَارِكُمْ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ [الْعُدُولِ].
S 372 – (Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws said): ‘Amir-Al-Momineen-asws said: And two witnesses should be bearing witness, from your men [2:282] from the free Muslims – the just ones.
قَالَ ع: اسْتَشْهِدُوهُمْ- لِتَحُوطُوا بِهِمْ أَدْيَانَكُمْ وَ أَمْوَالَكُمْ- وَ لِتَسْتَعْمِلُوا أَدَبَ اللَّهِ وَ وَصِيَّتَهُ، فَإِنَّ فِيهِمَا النَّفْعَ وَ الْبَرَكَةَ، وَ لَا تُخَالِفُوهُمَا فَيَلْحَقَكُمُ النَّدَمُ، حَيْثُ لَا يَنْفَعُكُمُ النَّدَمُ.
He-asws said: ‘Keep them as witnesses in order to be guarding by them your Religion and your wealth, and in order to be utilising the Education of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Advice, for in these two are the benefits and the Blessings. And do not oppose them, for the regrets would destroy you, when the regrets will be of no benefit to you.’
[فِي مَنْ لَا يُسْتَجَابُ دُعَاؤُهُ:]
Re: The one whose supplication is not answered
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا يَسْتَجِيبُ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ بَلْ يُعَذِّبُهُمْ وَ يُوَبِّخُهُمْ: أَمَّا أَحَدُهُمْ فَرَجُلٌ ابْتُلِيَ بِامْرَأَةِ سَوْءٍ- فَهِيَ تُؤْذِيهِ وَ تُضَارُّهُ، وَ تَعِيبُ عَلَيْهِ دُنْيَاهُ، وَ تُنَغِّصُهَا، وَ تُكَدِّرُهَا، وَ تُفْسِدُ عَلَيْهِ آخِرَتَهُ فَهُوَ يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ يَا رَبِّ خَلِّصْنِي مِنْهَا يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: يَا أَيُّهَا الْجَاهِلُ قَدْ خَلَّصْتُكَ مِنْهَا، جَعَلْتُ بِيَدِكَ طَلَاقَهَا، وَ التَّفَصِّيَ مِنْهَا، طَلِّقْهَا وَ انْبِذْهَا عَنْكَ نَبْذَ الْجَوْرَبِ الْخَلَقِ الْمُمَزَّقِ.
Then Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘I-asws heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘Three (types of people), Allah-azwj will not Respond to them, but He-azwj would Punish them and Rebuke them. As for one of them, so it is a man who is Tried by an evil wife, and she hurts him and affects him adversely and faults his worldly affairs upon him, and taints it, and upsets it, and spoils his Hereafter upon him. So he is saying, ‘O Allah-azwj! O Lord-azwj! Finish me off from her’ (cursing her). Allah-azwj the Exalted is Saying: “O you ignorant one! I-azwj have already given you the means to Finish off from her. I-azwj made her divorce to be in your hands and the freedom from her. Divorce her and remove her from you (like) the people remove their torn socks”.
وَ الثَّانِي: رَجُلٌ مُقِيمٌ فِي بَلَدٍ قَدِ اسْتَوْبَلَهُ، وَ لَا يَحْضُرُهُ، لَهُ فِيهِ [كُلُ] مَا يُرِيدُهُ وَ كُلُّ مَا الْتَمَسَهُ حُرِمَهُ. يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ [يَا رَبِ] خَلِّصْنِي مِنْ هَذَا الْبَلَدِ الَّذِي قَدِ اسْتَوْبَلْتُهُ. يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يَا عَبْدِي- قَدْ خَلَّصْتُكَ مِنْ هَذَا الْبَلَدِ، وَ قَدْ أَوْضَحْتُ لَكَ طَرِيقَ الْخُرُوجِ مِنْهُ، وَ مَكَّنْتُكَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَاخْرُجْ مِنْهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ- تَجْتَلِبْ عَافِيَتِي وَ تَسْتَرْزِقْنِي،
And the second one is a man staying in a city incompatible for him, and there is no present therein everything what he wants nor everything what he seeks, he is deprives of. He is saying, ‘O Allah-azwj! O Lord-azwj! Finish me off from this city which I am having problems in’. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: “O My-azwj servant! I-azwj have already given you the means to Finish you off from this city, and I-azwj have Clarified to you the way of exiting from it, and Enabled you from that. So exit from it to another. Seek My-azwj Grant of good health and My-azwj sustenance!”
وَ الثَّالِثُ: رَجُلٌ أَوْصَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- أَنْ يَحْتَاطَ لِدَيْنِهِ بِشُهُودٍ، وَ كِتَابٍ، فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ، وَ دَفَعَ مَالَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِ ثِقَةٍ بِغَيْرِ وَثِيقَةٍ، فَجَحَدَهُ، أَوْ بَخَسَهُ- فَهُوَ يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ [يَا رَبِ] رُدَّ عَلَيَّ مَالِي. يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ [لَهُ]: يَا عَبْدِي- قَدْ عَلَّمْتُكَ كَيْفَ تَسْتَوْثِقُ لِمَالِكَ، لِيَكُونَ مَحْفُوظاً لِئَلَّا يَتَعَرَّضَ لِلتَّلَفِ، فَأَبَيْتَ، فَأَنْتَ الْآنَ تَدْعُونِي، وَ قَدْ ضَيَّعْتَ مَالَكَ وَ أَتْلَفْتَهُ وَ خَالَفْتَ وَصِيَّتِي، فَلَا أَسْتَجِيبُ لَكَ.
And the third is a man Allah-azwj the Exalted has Given the capacity that he takes precaution for his lending with witnesses and written documentation. But he does not do that and hands over his wealth to another one, trusting one without trustworthiness. Then he (borrower) disputes it or undervalues it, so he (the lender) is saying, ‘O Allah-azwj! O Lord-azwj! Return my wealth to me’. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying to him: “O My-azwj servant! I-azwj have already Taught you how to deal with your wealth for it to be protected, lest it is exposed to the harm, but you refused. So now you are calling upon Me-azwj, and you have wasted your wealth and destroyed it, and you opposed My-azwj Advice, therefore I-azwj will not Respond to you!”
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: [أَلَا] فَاسْتَعْمِلُوا وَصِيَّةَ اللَّهِ- تُفْلِحُوا وَ تَنْجُوا، وَ لَا تُخَالِفُوهَا فَتَنْدَمُوا.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Indeed! Utilise the Advice of Allah-azwj, you will succeed and be saved, and do not oppose it, for you will regret’.
373 ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص أَمَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَمَا (أَمَرَكُمْ) أَنْ تَحْتَاطُوا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ أَدْيَانِكُمْ وَ أَمْوَالِكُمْ، بِاسْتِشْهَادِ الشُّهُودِ الْعُدُولِ عَلَيْكُمْ. فَكَذَلِكَ قَدِ احْتَاطَ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ- وَ لَهُمْ فِي اسْتِشْهَادِ الشُّهُودِ عَلَيْهِمْ- فَلِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى كُلِّ عَبْدٍ رُقَبَاءُ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ، وَ مُعَقِّباتٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ، يَحْفَظُونَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَ يَحْفَظُونَ عَلَيْهِ مَا يَكُونُ مِنْهُ: مِنْ أَعْمَالِهِ، وَ أَقْوَالِهِ، وَ أَلْفَاظِهِ، وَ أَلْحَاظِهِ،
S 373 – Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded you all that you should be taking precautions for yourselves and your loans (lent out), and your wealth by the witnessing of the just witnesses upon you, similar to that He-azwj is Precautious upon His-azwj servants and for them, regarding the testimonies of the witnesses upon them. For Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, upon every servant, are watchers from His-azwj creatures [13:11] For him are Angels following one another, in front of him and behind him, who Guard him by Allah’s Command – and they are preserving against him whatever happens from him – from his deeds, and his speech, and his wordings, and his viewings.
فَالْبِقَاعُ الَّتِي تَشْتَمِلُ عَلَيْهِ شُهُودُ رَبِّهِ لَهُ أَوْ عَلَيْهِ، وَ اللَّيَالِي وَ الْأَيَّامُ وَ الشُّهُورُ شُهُودٌ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ لَهُ، وَ سَائِرُ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ شُهُودٌ لَهُ أَوْ عَلَيْهِ، وَ حَفَظَتُهُ الْكَاتِبُونَ أَعْمَالَهُ شُهُودٌ لَهُ أَوْ عَلَيْهِ، فَكَمْ يَكُونُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مِنْ سَعِيدٍ بِشَهَادَتِهَا لَهُ، وَ كَمْ يَكُونُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مِنْ شَقِيٍّ بِشَهَادَتِهَا عَلَيْهِ.
Thus, they remain recording which included upon him the witnessing of his Lord-azwj, for him or against him, and the nights and the days and the months, witnessing against him or for him, and (as well for) the rest of the servants of Allah-azwj, the Momineen, witnessing for him or against him. And they preserve it (the recording), the recorders of his deeds, witnessing for him or against him. So how may would become on the Day of Judgment from the fortunate ones due to their witnessing for him, and how many would become on the Day of Judgment from the wretched one due to their witnessing against him.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَبْعَثُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عِبَادَهُ أَجْمَعِينَ وَ إِمَاءَهُ، فَيَجْمَعُهُمْ فِي صَعِيدٍ وَاحِدٍ فَيَنْفُذُهُمُ الْبَصَرُ، وَ يُسْمِعُهُمُ الدَّاعِي، وَ يُحْشَرُ اللَّيَالِي وَ الْأَيَّامُ، وَ تُسْتَشْهَدُ الْبِقَاعُ وَ الشُّهُورُ عَلَى أَعْمَالِ الْعِبَادِ،
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic would Resurrect on the Day of Judgment, His-azwj servants and His-azwj maids altogether, and He-azwj would Gather them in one plain. So, He-azwj would Sharpen the visions and Cause them to hear the claimant. And He-azwj would Resurrect the nights and the days, and the spots/locations and the months would bear witness upon the deeds of the servants.
فَمَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحاً شَهِدَتْ لَهُ جَوَارِحُهُ وَ بِقَاعُهُ، وَ شُهُورُهُ، وَ أَعْوَامُهُ وَ سَاعَاتُهُ، وَ أَيَّامُهُ. وَ لَيَالِي الْجُمَعِ وَ سَاعَاتُهَا وَ أَيَّامُهَا، فَيَسْعَدُ بِذَلِكَ سَعَادَةَ الْأَبَدِ
So the one who performs righteous deeds, there would testify for him, his limbs, and his spots (places where he performed them), and his months, and his years, and his hours, and his days, and the night of Friday and its hours, and its days. So, the fortunate servants would be fortunate due to that.
وَ مَنْ عَمِلَ سُوءاً شَهِدَتْ عَلَيْهِ جَوَارِحُهُ، وَ بِقَاعُهُ، وَ شُهُورُهُ وَ أَعْوَانُهُ، وَ سَاعَاتُهُ [وَ أَيَّامُهُ] وَ لَيَالِي الْجُمَعِ وَ سَاعَاتُهَا وَ أَيَّامُهَا، فَيَشْقَى بِذَلِكَ شَقَاءَ الْأَبَدِ.
And the one who does evil deeds, there would testify against him, his limbs, and his locations (of disobedience), and months, and his years, and his hours, and his days, and the night of Friday and its hours and its days. So the wretched servants would become wretched due to that.
أَلَا فَاعْمَلُوا [الْيَوْمَ] لِيَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَ أَعِدُّوا الزَّادَ لِيَوْمِ الْجَمْعِ يَوْمَ التَّنَادِ، وَ تَجَنَّبُوا الْمَعَاصِيَ، فَبِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ يُرْجَى الْخَلَاصُ،
Indeed! Work today for the Day of Judgment, and prepare the provisions for the Day of Gathering, the Day of Summoning, and keep aside from the (acts of) disobedience, and it is by the fear of Allah-azwj you should hope for the salvation.
فَإِنَّ مَنْ عَرَفَ حُرْمَةَ رَجَبٍ وَ شَعْبَانَ، وَ وَصَلَهُمَا بِشَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ شَهْرِ اللَّهِ الْأَعْظَمِ، شَهِدَتْ لَهُ هَذِهِ الشُّهُورُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَ كَانَ رَجَبٌ وَ شَعْبَانُ وَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ شُهُودَهُ بِتَعْظِيمِهِ لَهَا.
The one who recognises the sanctity of Rajab and Shaban, and links these two with the month of Ramazan, the greatest month of Allah-azwj, these months would bear witness for him on the Day of Judgment, and it would be so that Rajab, and Shaban, and the month of Ramazan would testify for him due to his reverence for these.
وَ يُنَادِي مُنَادٍ: يَا رَجَبُ وَ يَا شَعْبَانُ وَ يَا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ كَيْفَ عَمَلُ هَذَا الْعَبْدِ فِيكُمْ وَ كَيْفَ كَانَتْ طَاعَتُهُ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ فَيَقُولُ رَجَبٌ وَ شَعْبَانُ وَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ: يَا رَبَّنَا مَا تَزَوَّدَ مِنَّا إِلَّا اسْتِعَانَةً عَلَى طَاعَتِكَ، وَ اسْتِمْدَاداً [لِمَوَادِّ] فَضْلِكَ، وَ لَقَدْ تَعَرَّضَ بِجُهْدِهِ لِرِضَاكَ، وَ طَلَبَ بِطَاقَتِهِ مَحَبَّتَكَ.
And a caller would call out: “O Rajab, and O Shaban, and O month of Ramazan! How did this servant perform during you all, and how was his obedience for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic?” So Rajab, and Shaban, and the month of Ramazan would be saying: ‘O our Lord-azwj! He did not provide from us except the recourse upon Your-azwj obedience, and help for the materials of Your-azwj Grace; and he had exposed himself by his striving for Your-azwj Pleasure, and sought Your-azwj Love by his strength’.
فَيَقُولُ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ الْمُوَكَّلِينَ بِهَذِهِ الشُّهُورِ: مَا ذَا تَقُولُونَ فِي هَذِهِ الشَّهَادَةِ لِهَذَا الْعَبْدِ فَيَقُولُونَ: يَا رَبَّنَا صَدَقَ رَجَبٌ وَ شَعْبَانُ وَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ، مَا عَرَفْنَاهُ إِلَّا مُتَقَبِّلًا فِي طَاعَتِكَ مُجْتَهِداً فِي طَلَبِ رِضَاكَ، صَائِراً فِيهِ إِلَى الْبِرِّ وَ الْإِحْسَانِ،
So He-azwj would be Saying to the Angels allocated with these months: “What is that which you are saying with regards to these testimonies for this servant?” So they would be saying, ‘O our Lord-azwj! Rajab, and Shaban and the months of Ramazan speak the truth. We do not recognise him except as being attentive in Your-azwj obedience, striving in seeking Your-azwj Pleasure, coming during it to the righteousness and the favours.
وَ لَقَدْ كَانَ بِوُصُولِهِ إِلَى هَذِهِ الشُّهُورِ- فَرِحاً مُبْتَهِجاً وَ أَمَّلَ فِيهَا رَحْمَتَكَ، وَ رَجَا فِيهَا عَفْوَكَ وَ مَغْفِرَتَكَ، وَ كَانَ عَمَّا مَنَعْتَهُ فِيهَا مُمْتَنِعاً، وَ إِلَى مَا نَدَبْتَهُ إِلَيْهِ فِيهَا مُسْرِعاً، لَقَدْ صَامَ بِبَطْنِهِ، وَ فَرْجِهِ، وَ سَمْعِهِ، وَ بَصَرِهِ، وَ سَائِرِ جَوَارِحِهِ [وَ يَرْجُو دَرَجَةً]
And he used to be, at the arrival of these months, happy, beaming, and wished for Your-azwj Mercy during these, and hoped for Your-azwj Pardoning and Your-azwj Forgiveness during these. And he used to be reluctant during these from what You-azwj had Forbidden, and was quick to lament during these to what You-azwj had Commanded him to do. He had Fasted (deprived) his belly, and his private parts, and his hearing, and his vision, and the rest of his body parts, and hoped for a rank.
وَ لَقَدْ ظَمَأَ فِي نَهَارِهَا، وَ نَصَبَ فِي لَيْلِهَا، وَ كَثُرَتْ نَفَقَاتُهُ فِيهَا عَلَى الْفُقَرَاءِ وَ الْمَسَاكِينِ، وَ عَظُمَتْ أَيَادِيهِ وَ إِحْسَانُهُ إِلَى عِبَادِكَ، صَحِبَهَا أَكْرَمَ صُحْبَةٍ، وَ وَدَّعَهَا أَحْسَنَ تَوْدِيعٍ، أَقَامَ بَعْدَ انْسِلَاخِهَا عَنْهُ عَلَى طَاعَتِكَ، وَ لَمْ يَهْتِكْ عِنْدَ إِدْبَارِهَا سُتُورَ حُرُمَاتِكَ، فَنِعْمَ الْعَبْدُ هَذَا.
And he had been thirsty during their days, and established (for Salat) during their nights, and he had frequented during these, spending upon the poor and the needy, and great was his assistance and his favours to Your-azwj servants. He was most honouring to his companions and bid them excellent farewell. After their separation, he stood upon Your-azwj obedience and did not violate the veils of Your-azwj Sacredness behind them. So this one is the best of the servants’.
فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَأْمُرُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِهَذَا الْعَبْدِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ، فَتَلَقَّاهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ بِالْحِبَاءِ وَ الْكَرَامَاتِ وَ يَحْمِلُونَهُ عَلَى نُجُبِ النُّورِ، وَ خُيُولِ الْبُرَاقِ وَ يَصِيرُ إِلَى نَعِيمٍ لَا يَنْفَدُ، وَ دَارٍ لَا تَبِيدُ وَ لَا يَخْرُجُ سُكَّانُهَا، وَ لَا يَهْرَمُ شُبَّانُهَا، وَ لَا يَشِيبُ وِلْدَانُهَا، وَ لَا يَنْفَدُ سُرُورُهَا وَ حُبُورُهَا وَ لَا يَبْلَى جَدِيدُهَا، وَ لَا يَتَحَوَّلُ إِلَى الْغُمُومِ سُرُورُهَا، لا يَمَسُّهُمْ فِيها نَصَبٌ، وَ لَا يَمَسُّهُمْ فِيهَا لُغُوبٌ، قَدْ أَمِنُوا الْعَذَابَ، وَ كُفُّوا سُوءَ الْحِسَابِ، كَرُمَ مُنْقَلَبُهُمْ وَ مَثْوَاهُمْ.
So during that, Allah-azwj the Exalted would Command with this servant to (be taken to) the Paradise, and the Angels would meet him with the gifts, and the honour, and they would be carrying him upon the rides of lights, and shining ‘Buraaq’ (rides), and he would come to a Bliss never depleting, and a house not perishing nor would its settlers be exited from, nor would its youths be aging, nor would its children becoming youths, nor would its joy and its happiness run out, nor would its freshness wear out, nor would its joy be transformed into the gloominess, nor would toil touch them in it, nor would tiredness touch them in it. They would have been secured from the Punishment, and restrained from the evil Reckoning, and having to move from their resting places’.
374 قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُونا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌ وَ امْرَأَتانِ قَالَ: عَدَلَتْ امْرَأَتَانِ فِي الشَّهَادَةِ بِرَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ، فَإِذَا كَانَ رَجُلَانِ، أَوْ رَجُلٌ وَ امْرَأَتَانِ، أَقَامُوا الشَّهَادَةَ قُضِيَ بِشَهَادَتِهِمْ.
S 374 – Amir-Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Regarding the Words of the Almighty But if there does not happen to be two men, then a man and two women, he-asws said: ‘Two women equate with one man regarding the testimony. So when there were two men, or a man and two women, the testimony would stand for the judgment with their testimonies’.
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع: كُنَّا نَحْنُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ يُذَاكِرُنَا بِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ اسْتَشْهِدُوا شَهِيدَيْنِ مِنْ رِجالِكُمْ قَالَ: أَحْرَارُكُمْ دُونَ عَبِيدِكُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ شَغَلَ الْعَبِيدَ بِخِدْمَةِ مَوَالِيهِمْ- عَنْ تَحَمُّلِ الشَّهَادَاتِ وَ عَنْ أَدَائِهَا، وَ لْيَكُونُوا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْكُمْ- فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ [إِنَّمَا] شَرَّفَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْعُدُولَ بِقَبُولِ شَهَادَاتِهِمْ، وَ جَعَلَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الشَّرَفِ الْعَاجِلِ لَهُمْ، وَ مِنْ ثَوَابِ دُنْيَاهُمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصِلُوا إِلَى الْآخِرَةِ
Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘It so happened that we were with Rasool-Allah-saww, and he-saww was mentioning to us the Words of the Exalted And two witnesses should be bearing witness, from your men [2:282], he-saww said: ‘Your free ones besides your slaves, for Allah-azwj the Exalted has too pre-occupied the slaves with serving their masters from having to bear the testimonies, and from fulfilling these. And let them (witnesses) happen to be from the Muslims from you, for Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, rather, Ennobled the just Muslims by the Acceptance of their testimonies, and Made that to be from the current nobility for them and from the Rewards of their world, before they (even) arrive to the Hereafter.
إِذْ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ، فَوَقَفَتْ قُبَالَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ قَالَتْ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا وَافِدَةُ النِّسَاءِ إِلَيْكَ، مَا مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ يَبْلُغُهَا مَسِيرِي هَذَا إِلَيْكَ إِلَّا سَرَّهَا ذَلِكَ،
Then a woman came over, so she paused facing Rasool-Allah-saww, and she said, ‘By my father and my mother (being sacrificed for) you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww! I am a delegate of the women to you-saww. There is none from a woman to whom would reach (the news of) this travelling of mine to you-saww, except that would cheer her.
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رَبُّ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ، وَ خَالِقُ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ، وَ رَازِقُ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ، وَ إِنَّ آدَمَ أَبُو الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ، وَ إِنَّ حَوَّاءَ أُمُّ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ، وَ إِنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَى الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ فَمَا بَالُ امْرَأَتَيْنِ بِرَجُلٍ فِي الشَّهَادَةِ وَ الْمِيرَاثِ
O Rasool-Allah-saww! Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic is the Lord-azwj of the men and the women, and Creator of the men and the women, and Sustainer of the men and the women. And Adam-as is the father of the men and the women, and that Hawwa-as is the mother of the men and the women, and you-saww are the Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj to the men and the women. So, what is the matter that there should be two women with one man in the testimony and the inheritance?’
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: [يَا] أَيَّتُهَا الْمَرْأَةُ- إِنَّ ذَلِكَ قَضَاءٌ مِنْ مَلِكٍ [عَدْلٍ، حَكِيمٍ] لَا يَجُورُ، وَ لَا يَحِيفُ، وَ لَا يَتَحَامَلُ، لَا يَنْفَعُهُ مَا مَنَعَكُنَّ، وَ لَا يَنْقُصُهُ مَا بَذَلَ لَكُنَّ، يُدَبِّرُ الْأَمْرَ بِعِلْمِهِ، يَا أَيَّتُهَا الْمَرْأَةُ لِأَنَّكُنَّ نَاقِصَاتُ الدِّينِ وَ الْعَقْلِ.
So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O you woman! That is a Judgment from a King, Just, Wise, and He-azwj is neither tyrannous, nor does He-azwj infringe, nor is He-azwj biased. It will not benefit you (women) what He-azwj has Prevented from you, nor would it incur a loss for you what He-azwj Does for you. He-azwj Manage the affairs by His-azwj Knowledge. O you woman! (This is) because you are deficient in the Religion and the intellect’.
قَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ مَا نُقْصَانُ دِينِنَا قَالَ: إِنَّ إِحْدَاكُنَّ تَقْعُدُ نِصْفَ دَهْرِهَا- لَا تُصَلِّي بِحَيْضَةٍ، وَ إِنَّكُنَّ تُكْثِرْنَ اللَّعْنَ، وَ تَكْفُرْنَ النِّعْمَةَ تَمْكُثُ إِحْدَاكُنَّ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ- فَصَاعِداً يُحْسِنُ إِلَيْهَا، وَ يُنْعِمُ عَلَيْهَا، فَإِذَا ضَاقَتْ يَدُهُ يَوْماً، أَوْ خَاصَمَهَا- قَالَتْ لَهُ: مَا رَأَيْتُ مِنْكَ خَيْراً قَطُّ
She said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And what is our deficiency in our Religion?’ He-saww said: ‘One of you sits half of her time not praying due to menstruation and you are frequent in the cursing, and deny the Bounties. One of you remains with the man for ten years and more, and he is good to her and favours upon her. So when his hand is straitened for a day, or disputes with her, she says to him, ‘I did not see any goodness from you, at all!’
فَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ هَذَا خُلُقُهَا- فَالَّذِي يُصِيبُهَا مِنْ هَذَا النُّقْصَانِ مِحْنَةٌ عَلَيْهَا- لِتَصْبِرَ فَيُعْظِمَ اللَّهُ ثَوَابَهَا، فَأَبْشِرِي.
So the one from the women who does not happen to be this mannerism, then that is the one who is hit from this reduction, being a test upon her of her patience, and Allah-azwj would Magnify her Rewards. Therefore, receive glad tidings!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ رَدِيٍّ إِلَّا وَ الْمَرْأَةُ الرَّدِيَّةُ أَرْدَى مِنْهُ، وَ لَا مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ صَالِحَةٍ إِلَّا وَ الرَّجُلُ الصَّالِحُ أَفْضَلُ مِنْهَا، وَ مَا سَاوَى اللَّهُ قَطُّ امْرَأَةً بِرَجُلٍ- إِلَّا مَا كَانَ مِنْ تَسْوِيَةِ اللَّهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِعَلِيٍّ ع وَ إِلْحَاقِهَا بِهِ وَ هِيَ امْرَأَةٌ تَفْضُلُ نِسَاءَ الْعَالَمِينَ،
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said to her: ‘There is none from a man who is wicked except the wicked woman would be more wicked than him, nor from a righteous woman, except the righteous man would be superior than her. And Allah-azwj has not Equated a woman with a man at all, except what was from the Equalisation by Allah-azwj of (Syeda) Fatima-asws with Ali-asws, and joining her-asws with him-asws. And she-asws is the most superior of the women of the worlds.
وَ كَذَلِكِ مَا كَانَ مِنَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ إِلْحَاقِ اللَّهِ إِيَّاهُمَا بِالْأَفْضَلِينَ الْأَكْرَمِينَ- لَمَّا أَدْخَلَهُمْ فِي الْمُبَاهَلَةِ.
And similar to that is what was from Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, and Allah-azwj Joining them both-asws with the superior ones, the prestigious ones for including them-asws in the imprecation (Mubahila).
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَأَلْحَقَ اللَّهُ فَاطِمَةَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ فِي الشَّهَادَةِ، وَ أَلْحَقَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ بِهِمْ ع، قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَمَنْ حَاجَّكَ فِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما جاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ- فَقُلْ تَعالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْناءَنا وَ أَبْناءَكُمْ وَ نِساءَنا وَ نِساءَكُمْ وَ أَنْفُسَنا وَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ- ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَلْ لَعْنَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكاذِبِينَ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Thus, Allah-azwj Joined (Syeda) Fatima-asws with Muhammad-saww and Ali-asws in the witnessing, and Joined Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws with them-asws. Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: But whoever argues with you in this matter after what has come to you from the Knowledge, then say: Come, let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and ourselves and yourselves, then let us invoke and make the Curse of Allah to be upon the liars [3:61].
فَكَانَ الْأَبْنَاءُ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع جَاءَ بِهِمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَأَقْعَدَهُمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ كَجَرْوَيِ الْأَسَدِ وَ أَمَّا النِّسَاءُ فَكَانَتْ فَاطِمَةَ ع جَاءَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَقْعَدَهَا خَلْفَهُ كَلَبْوَةِ الْأَسَدِ وَ أَمَّا الْأَنْفُسُ- فَكَانَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع جَاءَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، فَأَقْعَدَهُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ كَالْأَسَدِ، وَ رَبَضَ هُوَ ص كَالْأَسَدِ، وَ قَالَ لِأَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ: هَلُمُّوا الْآنَ نَبْتَهِلْ، فَنَجْعَلْ لَعْنَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكاذِبِينَ
So the ‘sons’ were Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws. Rasool-Allah-saww came with them-asws and had them-asws seated in front of him-saww like the lion cubs. And as for the ‘women’, so it was (Syeda) Fatima-asws. Rasool-Allah-saww came with her-asws and had her-asws seated behind him-saww like the lioness. And as for the ‘self’, so it was Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. Rasool-Allah-saww came with him-asws and had him-asws seated on his-saww right like the lion. And he-saww crouched like the lion and said to the people of Najran: ‘Come, we should imprecate now, and we make the Curse of Allah-azwj to be upon the liars’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: اللَّهُمَّ هَذَا نَفْسِي وَ هُوَ عِنْدِي عِدْلُ نَفْسِي، اللَّهُمَّ هَذِهِ [نِسَائِي] أَفْضَلُ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَ قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ هَذَانِ وَلَدَايَ وَ سِبْطَايَ، فَأَنَا حَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حَارَبُوا، وَ سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمُوا، مَيَّزَ اللَّهُ بِذَلِكَ الصَّادِقِينَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ.
So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! This (Ali-asws) is my-saww ‘self’, and he-asws equates to my-saww own self in my-saww presence. O Allah-azwj! This is my-saww ‘women’, the most superior of the women of the worlds’. And he-saww said: ‘O Allah-azwj! These two-asws are my-saww ‘sons’ and my-saww grandsons-asws – so I-saww am at war with the one who wars against them-asws, and am at peach with the one who is at peace with them-asws’. Allah-azwj Differentiated with that, the truthful ones from the liars.
فَجَعَلَ مُحَمَّداً وَ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع أَصْدَقَ الصَّادِقِينَ- وَ أَفْضَلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، فَأَمَّا مُحَمَّدٌ فَأَفْضَلُ رِجَالِ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَ أَمَّا عَلِيٌّ فَهُوَ نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ أَفْضَلُ رِجَالِ الْعَالَمِينَ بَعْدَهُ، وَ أَمَّا فَاطِمَةُ فَأَفْضَلُ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ.
Thus, Muhammad-saww, and Ali-asws, and (Syeda) Fatima-asws, and Al-Hassan-asws, and Al-Husayn-asws are the most truthful of the truthful ones, and the most superior of the Momineen. As for Muhammad-saww, so he-saww is the most superior of the men of the worlds. And as for Ali-asws, so he-asws is the ‘self’ of Muhammad-saww, the most superior of the men of the worlds after him-saww. And as for (Syeda) Fatima-asws, so she-asws is the most superior of the women of the worlds.
وَ أَمَّا الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَسَيِّدَا شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ مِنِ ابْنَيِ الْخَالَةِ عِيسَى وَ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا ع فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى مَا أَلْحَقَ صِبْيَاناً بِرِجَالٍ كَامِلِي الْعُقُولِ- إِلَّا هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةَ: عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ، وَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا، وَ الْحَسَنَ، وَ الْحُسَيْنَ ع
And as for Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws, so they-asws are both the chiefs of the youths of the Paradise, except what was from the two sons-as of a maternal aunt, Isa-as and Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as, for Allah-azwj the Exalted did not Join children with the men of complete intellects except for these four – Isa-as bin Maryam-as, and Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws.
: أَمَّا عِيسَى فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى حَكَى قِصَّتَهُ وَ قَالَ «فَأَشارَتْ إِلَيْهِ قالُوا كَيْفَ نُكَلِّمُ مَنْ كانَ فِي الْمَهْدِ صَبِيًّا» قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَاكِياً عَنْ عِيسَى ع: قالَ إِنِّي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ آتانِيَ الْكِتابَ وَ جَعَلَنِي نَبِيًّا الْآيَةَ.
As for Isa-as, so Allah-azwj the Exalted Related his-as story and Said: So she pointed towards him. They said: How can we speak to one who was a child in the cradle? [19:29]. And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Related from Isa-as: He said: I am a servant of Allah; He has Given me the Book and Made me a Prophet [19:30] – the Verse.
وَ قَالَ فِي قِصَّةِ يَحْيَى يا زَكَرِيَّا إِنَّا نُبَشِّرُكَ بِغُلامٍ اسْمُهُ يَحْيى لَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ سَمِيًّا. قَالَ: لَمْ نَخْلُقْ أَحَداً قَبْلَهُ اسْمُهُ يَحْيَى،
And He-azwj Said regarding the story of Yahya-as: O Zakariyya-as! We give you good news of a boy whose name shall be Yahya: We have not Made before him anyone with his name [19:7]. He-asws said: ‘He-azwj did not Create anyone before him-as, Naming him as ‘Yahya’.
فَحَكَى اللَّهُ قِصَّتَهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: يا يَحْيى خُذِ الْكِتابَ بِقُوَّةٍ- وَ آتَيْناهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا. قَالَ: وَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْحُكْمِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ صَبِيّاً- فَقَالَ لَهُ الصِّبْيَانُ: هَلُمَّ نَلْعَبْ. فَقَالَ: أَوَّهْ وَ اللَّهِ مَا لِلَّعِبٍ خُلِقْنَا، وَ إِنَّمَا خُلِقْنَا لِلْجِدِّ لِأَمْرٍ عَظِيمٍ.
So Allah-azwj Related his-as story up to His-azwj Words: ‘‘O Yahya! Grab hold of the Book with strength; and We Granted him the Wisdom whilst he was a child [19:12]. He-asws said: ‘And from that is the Wisdom when he-as was a child, and the children said to him-as, ‘Come, let’s play’. But he-as said: ‘Oh! And Allah-azwj did not Create us for the play, and rather, He-azwj Created us for the exerting for a great matter!’
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ حَناناً مِنْ لَدُنَّا يَعْنِي تُحَنُّناً وَ رَحْمَةً عَلَى وَالِدَيْهِ وَ سَائِرِ عِبَادِنَا وَ زَكاةً يَعْنِي طَهَارَةً لِمَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَ صَدَّقَهُ وَ كانَ تَقِيًّا يَتَّقِي الشُّرُورَ وَ الْمَعَاصِيَ وَ بَرًّا بِوالِدَيْهِ مُحْسِناً إِلَيْهِمَا مُطِيعاً لَهُمَا وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ جَبَّاراً عَصِيًّا يَقْتُلُ عَلَى الْغَضَبِ وَ يَضْرِبُ عَلَى الْغَضَبِ، لَكِنَّهُ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ، عَبَدَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- إِلَّا وَ قَدْ أَخْطَأَ أَوْ هَمَّ بِخَطَإٍ مَا خَلَا يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا، فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يُذْنِبْ، وَ لَمْ يَهُمَّ بِذَنْبٍ،
Then He-azwj Said: And tenderness from Us [19:13] – Meaning, he-as would be tender upon his-as parents and the rest of Our-azwj servants; and pure – Meaning cleanliness for the one who believes in him-as and ratifies him-as; and he was pious – fearing the evil and the (acts of) disobedience. And dutiful to his parents [19:14] – favouring them, obedient to them both; and he did not happen to be insolent, disobedient – fighting upon the anger and striking upon the anger. But, there is none from a servant of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, except that he has sinned or thought of sinning, except from Yahya-as Bin Zakariyya-as, for he-as did not sin, and did not think of sinning.
ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ سَلامٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ- وَ يَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَيًّا.
Then Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: And peace on him on the day he was born, and on the day he dies, and on the day he is Resurrected to life [19:15].
وَ قَالَ فِي قِصَّةِ يَحْيَى وَ زَكَرِيَّا: هُنالِكَ دَعا زَكَرِيَّا رَبَّهُ قالَ- رَبِّ هَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً طَيِّبَةً- إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعاءِ يَعْنِي لَمَّا رَأَى زَكَرِيَّا عِنْدَ مَرْيَمَ فَاكِهَةَ الشِّتَاءِ فِي الصَّيْفِ، وَ فَاكِهَةَ الصَّيْفِ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَ قَالَ لَهَا: يا مَرْيَمُ أَنَّى لَكِ هذا قالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ- إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسابٍ
And He-azwj Said regarding the story of Yahya-as and Zakariyya-as: That is where Zakariyya-as supplicated to his Lord; he said: My Lord! Grant me from You good offspring; surely You are the Hearer of the supplication [3:38] – Meaning, due to what Zakariyya-as saw to be in the presence of Maryam-as, fruits of the winter in the summer, and fruits of the summer in the winter, and he-as said to her-as: From where does this come to you? She said: It is from Allah. Surely Allah Gives to whom He so Desires to without measure [3:37].
وَ أَيْقَنَ زَكَرِيَّا أَنَّهُ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ، إِذْ كَانَ لَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَا أَحَدٌ غَيْرُهُ، قَالَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فِي نَفْسِهِ: إِنَّ الَّذِي يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ مَرْيَمَ بِفَاكِهَةِ الشِّتَاءِ فِي الصَّيْفِ، وَ فَاكِهَةِ الصَّيْفِ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، لَقَادِرٌ أَنْ يَهَبَ لِي وَلَداً وَ إِنْ كُنْتُ شَيْخاً، وَ كانَتِ امْرَأَتِي عاقِراً، فَ هُنالِكَ دَعا زَكَرِيَّا رَبَّهُ فَقَالَ: رَبِّ هَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً طَيِّبَةً- إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعاءِ
And Zakariyya-as was certain that it was from the Presence of Allah-azwj, when it was so that no one used to come over to her-as apart from him-as. He-as said within himself-as during that: ‘The One-azwj Who is Able to Give Maryam-as the fruits of the winter during the summer, and fruits of the summer during the winter, is (surely) Able upon Endowing a son to me-as, and even though I-as am an old man and my-as wife is barren. Thus, That is where Zakariyya-as supplicated to his Lord; he said: My Lord! Grant me from You good offspring; surely You are the Hearer of the supplication [3:38].
قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَنادَتْهُ الْمَلائِكَةُ يَعْنِي نَادَتْ زَكَرِيَّا. وَ هُوَ قائِمٌ يُصَلِّي فِي الْمِحْرابِ: أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكَ بِيَحْيى مُصَدِّقاً بِكَلِمَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: مُصَدِّقاً يُصَدِّقُ يَحْيَى بِعِيسَى ع: وَ سَيِّداً يَعْنِي رَئِيساً فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ عَلَى أَهْلِ طَاعَتِهِ وَ حَصُوراً وَ هُوَ الَّذِي لَا يَأْتِي النِّسَاءَ وَ نَبِيًّا مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: Then the Angels called to him [3:39] – Meaning, called out to Zakariyya-as, as he stood Praying in the Prayer Niche: Allah Gives you the good news of Yahya verifying a Word from Allah. He-asws said: ‘Ratifying the truthfulness of Yahya-as with Isa-as; and a chief – Meaning a head in obedience of Allah-azwj, upon the people of His-azwj obedience; and chaste – and he-as was one who did not go to the women; and a Prophet from the righteous ones.
وَ قَالَ: وَ كَانَ أَوَّلُ تَصْدِيقِ يَحْيَى بِعِيسَى ع أَنَّ زَكَرِيَّا كَانَ لَا يَصْعَدُ إِلَى مَرْيَمَ فِي تِلْكَ الصَّوْمَعَةِ غَيْرُهُ، يَصْعَدُ إِلَيْهَا يُسَلِّمُ، فَإِذَا نَزَلَ أَقْفَلَ عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ فَتَحَ لَهَا مِنْ فَوْقِ الْبَابِ كُوَّةً صَغِيرَةً- يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَا مِنْهَا الرِّيحُ.
And he-asws said: ‘And it was so that the first was the ratification of Yahya-as with Isa-as. Zakariyya-as was such, that no one ascended to Maryam-as in that room apart from him-as. He-as would ascend to her-as to greet, and whenever he-as descended, he-as would lock (the door) upon her-as, then he-as would open for her-as, from above the door, a small opening, for the wind to enter upon her-as from it.
فَلَمَّا وَجَدَ مَرْيَمَ قَدْ حَبِلَتْ سَاءَهُ ذَلِكَ، وَ قَالَ فِي نَفْسِهِ: مَا كَانَ يَصْعَدُ إِلَى هَذِهِ أَحَدٌ غَيْرِي وَ قَدْ حَبِلَتْ، الْآنَ أَفْتَضِحُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، لَا يَشُكُّونَ أَنِّي أَحْبَلْتُهَا.
So when he-as saw her-as as having been pregnant, that stung him-as, and he-as said within himself-as: ‘No one has climbed to this (room) anyone apart from me-as, and she-as is pregnant. Now, I-as shall be exposed among the Children of Israel. They will doubt that it was I-as who impregnated her-as’.
فَجَاءَ إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهَا ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَتْ: يَا زَكَرِيَّا لَا تَخَفْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَصْنَعُ بِكَ إِلَّا خَيْراً، وَ ائْتِنِي بِمَرْيَمَ أَنْظُرْ إِلَيْهَا، وَ أَسْأَلْهَا عَنْ حَالِهَا.
So he-as came over to his-as wife and said that to her, and she said, ‘O Zakariyya-as! Do not fear, for Allah-azwj would not Do anything with you-as except for good, and come to me with Maryam-as (for me) to look at her-as and ask her-as about her-as state’.
فَجَاءَ بِهَا زَكَرِيَّا إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ، فَكَفَى اللَّهُ مَرْيَمَ مَئُونَةَ الْجَوَابِ عَنِ السُّؤَالِ وَ لَمَّا دَخَلَتْ إِلَى أُخْتِهَا- وَ هِيَ الْكُبْرَى وَ مَرْيَمُ الصُّغْرَى- لَمْ تَقُمْ إِلَيْهَا امْرَأَةُ زَكَرِيَّا
So Zakariyya-as came with her-as to his-as wife and Allah-azwj Sufficed Maryam-as from providing the answer from the questioning. And when she-as entered to her-as sister, and she (sister) was older and Maryam-as was younger – the wife of Zakariyya-as did not stand up to her-as (for respect).
فَأَذِنَ اللَّهُ لِيَحْيَى وَ هُوَ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ- فَنَخَسَ بِيَدِهِ- فِي بَطْنِهَا- وَ أَزْعَجَهَا وَ نَادَى أُمَّهُ: تَدْخُلُ إِلَيْكِ سَيِّدَةُ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ، مُشْتَمِلَةً عَلَى سَيِّدِ رِجَالِ الْعَالَمِينَ، فَلَا تَقُومِينَ إِلَيْهَا! فَانْزَعَجَتْ، وَ قَامَتْ إِلَيْهَا، وَ سَجَدَ يَحْيَى وَ هُوَ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ لِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ.
So Allah-azwj Permitted to Yahya-as, and he-as was in the belly of his-as mother, so he-as nudged her with his-as hand and disturbed her and called out to his-as mother: ‘There has entered to you the Chieftess of the women of the worlds, containing the Chief of the men of the worlds, and you are not standing up to her-as!’ So she got annoyed and stood up to her-as, and Yahya-as performed Sajda while he-as was in the belly of his-as mother, to Isa-as Bin Maryam-as.
فَذَلِكَ أَوَّلُ تَصْدِيقِهِ لَهُ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْحَسَنِ وَ فِي الْحُسَيْنِ ع إِنَّهُمَا سَيِّدا شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ مِنِ ابْنَيِ الْخَالَةِ «عِيسَى وَ يَحْيَى».
So that was his-as first ratification for him-as, and these are the words of Rasool-Allah-saww regarding Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws: ‘They-asws both are the Chief of the youths of the inhabitants of the Paradise except what was from the two sons-as of the maternal aunt, Isa-as and Yahya-as’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةُ عِيسَى وَ يَحْيَى وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَهَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُمُ الْحُكْمَ، وَ أَبَانَهُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ، فَجَعَلَهُمْ مِنْ أَفْضَلِ الصَّادِقِينَ فِي زَمَانِهِمْ، وَ أَلْحَقَهُمْ بِالرِّجَالِ الْفَاضِلِينَ الْبَالِغِينَ.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘These four – Isa-as, and Yahya-as, and Al-Hassan-asws and Al-Husayn-asws – Allah-azwj Endowed the Wisdom to them-as, and Clarified them with the truthfulness from the liars, thus making them-as to be from the most superior of the truthful ones during their-as era, and Joined them-as with the meritorious men, the adults’.
وَ فَاطِمَةُ ع جَعَلَهَا مِنْ أَفْضَلِ الصَّادِقِينَ- لَمَّا مَيَّزَ الصَّادِقِينَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ. وَ عَلِيٌّ ع جَعَلَهُ نَفْسَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص. وَ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جَعَلَهُ أَفْضَلَ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.
And (Syeda) Fatima-asws, She-asws was made to be from the most superior of the truthful ones when there was a differentiation between the truthful ones from the liars. And Ali-asws was made to be the ‘self’ of Rasool-Allah-saww. And Muhammad-saww, Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj, he-saww was made to be the most superior of the creatures of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: إِنَّ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خِيَاراً مِنْ كُلِّ مَا خَلَقَهُ، فَلَهُ مِنَ الْبِقَاعِ خِيَارٌ، وَ لَهُ مِنَ اللَّيَالِي [خِيَارٌ]، وَ [مِنَ] الْأَيَّامِ خِيَارٌ، وَ لَهُ مِنَ الشُّهُورِ خِيَارٌ، وَ لَهُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ خِيَارٌ، وَ لَهُ مِنْ خِيَارِهِمْ خِيَارٌ:
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘For Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic there are Choices from everything what He-azwj Created. So from Him-azwj from the lands there is a Choice (Chosen one), and for Him-azwj from the nights, there is a Chosen one, and from the days there is a Chosen one, and for Him-azwj from the Months there is a Chosen once, and for Him-azwj from His-azwj servants there is a Chosen one, and for Him-azwj from Choosing them, there is a Chosen one.
فَأَمَّا خِيَارُهُ مِنَ الْبِقَاعِ فَمَكَّةُ، وَ الْمَدِينَةُ، وَ بَيْتُ الْمَقْدِسِ، وَ إِنَّ صَلَاةً فِي مَسْجِدِي هَذَا أَفْضَلُ- مِنْ أَلْفِ صَلَاةٍ فِيمَا سِوَاهُ إِلَّا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ وَ الْمَسْجِدَ الْأَقْصَى يَعْنِي مَكَّةَ وَ بَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ.
As for His-azwj Chosen ones from the lands, so it is Makkah, and Al-Medina, and Bayt Al-Maqdis, and the Salat in this Masjid of mine-saww is more superior than a thousand Salats (performed) in what is besides it, except for the Sacred Masjid, and Al-Aqsa Masjid – meaning Makkah and Bayt Al-Maqdis.
أَمَّا خِيَارُهُ مِنَ اللَّيَالِي فَلَيَالِي الْجُمَعِ، وَ لَيْلَةُ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ، وَ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ، وَ لَيْلَتَا الْعِيدِ.
As for His-azwj Chosen ones from the nights, so these are the nights of Friday, and night of the middle of Shaban, and the night of Pre-determination (Laylat Al-Qadr), and the two nights of Eid.
وَ أَمَّا خِيَارُهُ مِنَ الْأَيَّامِ فَأَيَّامُ الْجُمَعِ، وَ الْأَعْيَادِ.
And as for His-azwj Chosen ones from the days, so these are the days of Fridays and the Eids.
وَ أَمَّا خِيَارُهُ مِنَ الشُّهُورِ فَرَجَبٌ، وَ شَعْبَانُ، وَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ.
And as for His-azwj Chosen ones from the months – these are Rajab, and Shaban, and the month of Ramazan.
وَ أَمَّا خِيَارُهُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ فَوُلْدُ آدَمَ، وَ خِيَارُهُ مِنْ وُلْدِ آدَمَ مَنِ اخْتَارَهُمْ- عَلَى عِلْمٍ مِنْهُ بِهِمْ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمَّا اخْتَارَ خَلْقَهُ، اخْتَارَ وُلْدَ آدَمَ، ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ مِنْ وُلْدِ آدَمَ الْعَرَبَ ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ مُضَرَ، ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ مِنْ مُضَرَ قُرَيْشاً،
And as for His-azwj Chosen ones from His-azwj servants, so these are the children of Adam-as. And His-azwj Chosen ones from the children of Adam-as, the ones He-azwj Chose them upon His-azwj Knowledge with them. So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, when He-azwj Chose from His-azwj creatures, Chose the children of Adam-as. Then He-azwj Chose the Arabs from the children of Adam-as. Then He-azwj Chose the (tribe of) Muzar from the Arabs. Then He-azwj Chose (the tribe of) Quraysh from (the tribe of Muzar).
ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ هَاشِماً ثُمَّ اخْتَارَنِي مِنْ هَاشِمٍ، وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي كَذَلِكَ، فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ الْعَرَبَ فَيُحِبُّنِي وَ أَحَبَّهُمْ، وَ مَنْ أَبْغَضَ الْعَرَبَ فَيُبْغِضُنِي وَ أَبْغَضَهُمْ.
Then He-azwj Chose (the clan of) Hashim-as from (the tribe of) Quraysh. Then He-azwj Chose me-saww from (the clan of) Hashim-as, and the People-asws of my-saww Household like that. So the one who loves the Arabs, he loves me-saww and I-saww love them and the one who hates the Arabs, so he hates me-saww and I-saww hate them’.
[فَضَائِلُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ]
Merits of the month of Ramazan
وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اخْتَارَ مِنَ الشُّهُورِ شَهْرَ رَجَبٍ، وَ شَعْبَانَ، وَ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ: فَشَعْبَانُ أَفْضَلُ الشُّهُورِ- إِلَّا مِمَّا كَانَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، فَإِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ مِنْهُ، وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُنْزِلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ- أَلْفَ ضِعْفِ مَا يُنْزِلُ فِي سَائِرِ الشُّهُورِ،
And that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Chose from the months, the months of Rajab, and Shaban, and month of Ramazan. So Shaban is the most superior of the months, except from what was from the month of Ramazan, for it is superior than it, and that Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Sends down from the Mercy during the month of Ramazan – a thousand multiple of what He-azwj Sends down during the rest of the months.
وَ يَحْشُرُ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فِي أَحْسَنِ صُورَةٍ، فَيُقِيمُهُ [فِي الْقِيَامَةِ] عَلَى قُلَّةٍ لَا يَخْفَى- وَ هُوَ عَلَيْهَا عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِمَّنْ ضَمَّهُ ذَلِكَ الْمَحْشَرُ، ثُمَّ يَأْمُرُ، فَيُخْلَعُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ كِسْوَةِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ خِلَعِهَا وَ أَنْوَاعِ سُنْدُسِهَا وَ ثِيَابِهَا، حَتَّى يَصِيرَ فِي الْعِظَمِ بِحَيْثُ لَا يَنْفُذُهُ بَصَرٌ، وَ لَا يَعِي عِلْمَ مِقْدَارِهِ أُذُنٌ وَ لَا يَفْهَمُ كُنْهَهُ قَلْبٌ.
And He-azwj Resurrect the month of Ramazan in an excellent image, and He-azwj would Make is pause during the Day of Judgment upon a hill, not concealed while it is upon it upon anyone from the one who are in that plain. Then He-azwj would Command so there would be placed upon it from the clothes of Paradise and its dresses and a variety of its silken fabrics and its clothes, until it would become in the magnificence with there the visions would not (be able to) visualise it (properly), nor would an ear (be able to) know of its worth, nor would a heart understand what it might be.
ثُمَّ يُقَالُ لِلْمُنَادِي مِنْ بُطْنَانِ الْعَرْشِ: نَادِ! فَيُنَادِي: يَا مَعْشَرَ الْخَلَائِقِ- أَ مَا تَعْرِفُونَ هَذَا فَيُجِيبُ الْخَلَائِقُ يَقُولُونَ: بَلَى لَبَّيْكَ دَاعِيَ رَبِّنَا وَ سَعْدَيْكَ، أَمَا إِنَّنَا لَا نَعْرِفُهُ.
Then He-azwj would Say to the caller from the inside of the Thorne: “Call out!” So he would call out: ‘O group of creatures! Are you recognising this one?’ The creatures would answer saying, ‘Yes, here we are, caller of our Lord-azwj, and at your service! But, we do not recognise it!’
ثُمَّ يَقُولُ مُنَادِي رَبِّنَا: هَذَا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ مَا أَكْثَرَ مَنْ سَعِدَ بِهِ مِنْكُمْ وَ مَا أَكْثَرَ مَنْ شَقِيَ بِهِ أَلَا فَلْيَأْتِهِ كُلُّ مُؤْمِنٍ لَهُ، مُعَظِّمٍ بِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ فِيهِ، فَلْيَأْخُذْ حَظَّهُ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْخِلَعِ فَتَقَاسَمُوهَا بَيْنَكُمْ عَلَى قَدْرِ طَاعَتِكُمْ لِلَّهِ، وَ جِدِّكُمْ.
Then the caller of our Lord-azwj would be saying: ‘This one is a month of Ramazan! How numerous are the ones from you who would be fortunate by it, and how numerous are the ones who would be wretched by it. Indeed! So let it give to every Momin for him, who greet with obedience of Allah-azwj during it, and let him take his share from these garments!’ So it would apportion between you all upon a measurement of your obedience to Allah-azwj and your striving’.
قَالَ: فَيَأْتِيهِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ- الَّذِينَ كَانُوا لِلَّهِ [فِيهِ] مُطِيعِينَ، فَيَأْخُذُونَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْخِلَعِ عَلَى مَقَادِيرِ طَاعَتِهِمُ [الَّتِي كَانَتْ] فِي الدُّنْيَا. فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَأْخُذُ أَلْفَ خِلْعَةٍ، وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَأْخُذُ عَشَرَةَ آلَافٍ. وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَأْخُذُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ أَقَلَّ، فَيُشَرِّفُهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِكَرَامَاتِهِ.
He-asws said: ‘So the Momineen would come to it – those who were obedient to Allah-azwj during it, and they would be taking from those garments upon their measurements of their (acts of) obedience which they were in the world. From them would be one who would take a thousand garments, and from them would be one who would take ten thousand. And from them would be one who would take more than that, and less, and Allah-azwj the Exalted would Ennoble them by His-azwj Prestige.
أَلَا وَ إِنَّ أَقْوَاماً يَتَعَاطَوْنَ تَنَاوُلَ تِلْكَ الْخِلَعِ، يَقُولُونَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ: لَقَدْ كُنَّا بِاللَّهِ مُؤْمِنِينَ وَ لَهُ مُوَحِّدِينَ، وَ بِفَضْلِ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ مُعْتَرِفِينَ، فَيَأْخُذُونَهَا وَ يَلْبَسُونَهَا، فَتَنْقَلِبُ عَلَى أَبْدَانِهِمْ مُقَطَّعَاتِ نِيرَانٍ، وَ سَرَابِيلَ قَطِرَانٍ، يَخْرُجُ عَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ بِعَدَدِ كُلِّ سِلْكَةٍ مِنْ تِلْكَ الثِّيَابِ- أَفْعَى وَ عَقْرَبٌ وَ حَيَّةٌ، وَ قَدْ تَنَاوَلُوا مِنْ تِلْكَ الثِّيَابِ أَعْدَاداً- مُخْتَلِفَةً عَلَى قَدْرِ أَجْرَامِهِمْ: كُلُّ مَنْ كَانَ جُرْمُهُ أَعْظَمَ فَعَدَدُ ثِيَابِهِ أَكْثَرُ.
Indeed! And there will be people who would be coming to take those garments, saying within themselves, ‘We used to be believers in Allah-azwj and professing His-azwj Oneness, and we used to acknowledge the merits of this month’. So they will be taking these and wearing these, but these would be transformed upon their bodies into pieces of fires and trousers of tar. There would be coming out upon each one of them of a number of every thread from those clothes, snakes and scorpions and serpents. And they would have taken from those clothes, a different number, upon a measurement of their crimes – everyone who crime was more grievous, so the number of his clothes would be more.
فَمِنْهُمُ الْآخِذُ أَلْفَ ثَوْبٍ، وَ مِنْهُمُ الْآخِذُ عَشَرَةَ آلَافِ ثَوْبٍ، وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَأْخُذُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، وَ إِنَّهَا لَأَثْقَلُ عَلَى أَبْدَانِهِمْ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ الرَّوَاسِي عَلَى الضَّعِيفِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ، وَ لَوْ لَا مَا حَكَمَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِأَنَّهُمْ لَا يَمُوتُونَ لَمَاتُوا- مِنْ أَقَلِّ قَلِيلِ ذَلِكَ الثِّقْلِ وَ الْعَذَابِ.
So, from them would be a taken of a thousand clothes, and from them would be a taken of ten thousand clothes, and from them would be a taker of more than that (or less). And these would be heavy upon their bodies than the tall mountain upon the weak one from the men. And had it not been for (the fact that) Allah-azwj the Exalted would have Commanded that they would not be dying, they would have died from the least of the lowest of that weight, and the Punishment.
ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِعَدَدِ كُلِّ سِلْكَةٍ فِي تِلْكَ السَّرَابِيلِ- مِنَ الْقَطِرَانِ وَ مُقَطَّعَاتِ النِّيرَانِ أَفْعَى وَ حَيَّةٌ وَ عَقْرَبٌ وَ أَسَدٌ وَ نَمِرٌ- وَ كَلْبٌ مِنْ سِبَاعِ النَّارِ، فَهَذِهِ تَنْهَشُهُ، وَ هَذِهِ تَلْدَغُهُ وَ هَذَا يَفْتَرِسُهُ، وَ هَذَا يَمْزِقُهُ وَ هَذَا يَقْطَعُهُ.
Then there would come out to them of a number of every thread from those trousers of tar and pieces of fires – snakes, and serpents, and scorpions, and lions, and tigers, and predatory dogs of fire. So these would tear them, and these would bite them, and these would pounce on them, and these would rip them, and these would cut them.
يَقُولُونَ: يَا وَيْلَنَا- مَا لَنَا تَحَوَّلَتْ عَلَيْنَا [هَذِهِ الثِّيَابُ، وَ قَدْ كَانَتْ مِنْ سُنْدُسٍ وَ إِسْتَبْرَقٍ- وَ أَنْوَاعِ خِيَارِ ثِيَابِ الْجَنَّةِ تَحَوَّلَتْ عَلَيْنَا] مُقَطَّعَاتِ النِّيرَانِ، وَ سَرَابِيلَ قَطِرَانٍ وَ هِيَ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ ثِيَابٌ فَاخِرَةٌ مُلَذِّذَةٌ مُنَعَّمَةٌ!
They would be saying, ‘O woe be unto us! What is the matter with us that these clothes have been transformed upon us, and these used to be from silk and brocade and a variety of the good clothes of the Paradise, changing upon us to pieces of fires, and trousers of tar, while these are those ones, pride-worthy clothes, pleasurable, smooth!’
فَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ: ذَلِكَ بِمَا كَانُوا يُطِيعُونَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ كُنْتُمْ تَعْصُونَ، وَ كَانُوا يَعِفُّونَ وَ كُنْتُمْ تَزْنُونَ، وَ كَانُوا يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ وَ كُنْتُمْ تَجْتَرِءُونَ، وَ كَانُوا يَتَّقُونَ السَّرِقَةَ وَ كُنْتُمْ تَسْرِقُونَ، وَ كَانُوا يَتَّقُونَ ظُلْمَ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ وَ كُنْتُمْ تَظْلِمُونَ، فَتِلْكَ نَتَائِجُ أَفْعَالِهِمُ الْحَسَنَةِ! وَ هَذِهِ نَتَائِجُ أَفْعَالِكُمُ الْقَبِيحَةِ.
So it would be said to them: ‘That is due to what they were being obedient during the month of Ramazan while you were disobeying, and they were being chaste and you were committing adultery, and they were fearing their Lord-azwj and you were being audacious, and they were fearing the stealing and you were stealing, and they were fearing being unjust to the servants of Allah-azwj and you were oppressing. Thus, these are the results of their good deeds, and these are the results of your ugly deeds!
فَهُمْ فِي الْجَنَّةِ خَالِدُونَ لَا يَشِيبُونَ فِيهَا وَ لَا يَهْرَمُونَ، وَ لَا يُحَوَّلُونَ عَنْهَا وَ لَا يَخْرُجُونَ وَ لَا يَقْلَقُونَ فِيهَا وَ لَا يَغْتَمُّونَ، بَلْ هُمْ فِيهَا مَسْرُورُونَ، فَرِحُونَ، مُبْتَهِجُونَ، آمِنُونَ، مُطْمَئِنُّونَ لا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ
So they would be in the Paradise eternally. Neither will they be greying therein nor be growing old, nor be transferred from it, nor be thrown out, nor be worrying in it, nor be gloomy in it. But, they would be cheerful, happy, thrilled, secure, content therein. Neither would there be fear upon them nor would they be grieving.
وَ أَنْتُمْ فِي النَّارِ خَالِدُونَ، تُعَذَّبُونَ فِيهَا وَ تُهَانُونَ، وَ مِنْ نِيرَانِهَا إِلَى زَمْهَرِيرِهَا تُنْقَلُونَ، وَ فِي حَمِيمِهَا تُغْمَسُونَ وَ مِنْ زَقُّومِهَا تُطْعَمُونَ، وَ بِمَقَامِعِهَا تُقْمَعُونَ وَ بِضُرُوبِ عَذَابِهَا تُعَاقَبُونَ- لَا أَحْيَاءٌ أَنْتُمْ فِيهَا وَ لَا تَمُوتُونَ أَبَدَ الْآبِدِينَ، إِلَّا مَنْ لَحِقَتْهُ مِنْكُمْ رَحْمَةُ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، فَخَرَجَ مِنْهَا بِشَفَاعَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ أَفْضَلِ النَّبِيِّينَ- بَعْدَ [مَسِ] الْعَذَابِ الْأَلِيمِ وَ النَّكَالِ الشَّدِيدِ.
And you would be in the Fire eternally, being Punished therein and being abased; and from its fires to its severe frost being transferred; and in its pus they would be immersed, and from its Zaqoom (bitter fruit) they would be fed, and by its iron rods they would be struck (in the heads), and by the strikes of its Punishments they would be afflicted – neither will you be living therein nor would you be dying for ever and ever, except the one from you who is met with a Mercy of the Lord-azwj of the worlds, so he would exit from it by the intercession of Muhammad-saww the most superior of the Prophets-as, after having been touched by the painful Punishment and the severe torment’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: يَا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ- فَكَمْ مِنْ سَعِيدٍ بِشَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ، وَ كَمْ مِنْ شَقِيٍّ هُنَاكَ، أَ لَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمِثْلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ قَالُوا: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O servants of Allah-azwj! So how man would be fortunate by the month of Shaban regarding that, and how many would be wretched over these. Indeed! Shall I-saww inform you with an example of Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws?’ They said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ: مُحَمَّدٌ فِي عِبَادِ اللَّهِ كَشَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي الشُّهُورِ، وَ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي عِبَادِ اللَّهِ كَشَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ فِي الشُّهُورِ. وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فِي آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَأَفْضَلِ أَيَّامِ شَعْبَانَ وَ لَيَالِيهِ، وَ هُوَ لَيْلَةُ النِّصْفِ وَ يَوْمُهُ. وَ سَائِرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي آلِ مُحَمَّدِ كَشَهْرِ رَجَبٍ فِي شَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ،
He-saww said: ‘Muhammad-saww among the servants of Allah-azwj is like the month of Ramazan among the months; and the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww among the servants of Allah-azwj are like the months of Shaban among the months; and Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws among the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww is like the superior day of Shaban and its night, and it is the night of the middle of Shaban and its day. And the rest of the Momineen among the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww are like the months of Rajab among the months of Shaban.
هُمْ دَرَجاتٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَ طَبَقَاتٌ، فَأَجَدُّهُمْ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ أَقْرَبُهُمْ شَبَهاً بِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ.
These are the ranks in the Presence of Allah-azwj and the levels. Thus, the most striving of them in the obedience of Allah-azwj would be the closest of them in resembling with the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww.
أَ لَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدِ كَأَوَائِلِ أَيَّامِ [رَجَبٍ مِنْ أَوَائِلِ أَيَّامِ] شَعْبَانَ: قَالُوا: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ.
Indeed! Shall I-saww inform you with a man whom Allah-azwj has Made to be from the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww like the early days of Rajab from early days of Shaban?’ They said, ‘Yes, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’
قَالَ: هُوَ الَّذِي يَهْتَزُّ عَرْشُ الرَّحْمَنِ بِمَوْتِهِ، وَ تَسْتَبْشِرُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ بِقُدُومِهِ، وَ تَخْدُمُهُ فِي عَرَصَاتِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ فِي الْجِنَانِ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ أَلْفُ ضِعْفِ عَدَدِ أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا- مِنْ أَوَّلِ الدَّهْرِ إِلَى آخِرِهِ، وَ لَا يُمِيتُهُ اللَّهُ فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا- حَتَّى يَشْفِيَهُ مِنْ أَعْدَائِهِ وَ يَشْفِيَ صَاحِباً لَهُ، وَ أَخاً فِي اللَّهِ مُسَاعِداً لَهُ عَلَى تَعْظِيمِ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ.
He-saww said: ‘He is the one for whom the Throne of Allah-azwj will shake at his death, and the Angels will be giving glad tidings to each other in the sky at his arrival, and there would serve him in the plains of the (Day of) Judgment and in the Gardens from the Angels, a thousand multiple of the number of the people of the world – from the beginning of its time up to its end; and Allah-azwj will not Cause him to die in this world until He-azwj Recovers him from his enemies, and companions of his, and brothers of his for the Sake of Allah-azwj, from the aides of his upon the reverence of Muhammad-saww and his-saww Progeny-asws.
قَالُوا: وَ مَنْ ذَلِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. قَالَ: هَا هُوَ مُقْبِلٌ عَلَيْكُمْ غَضْبَانُ، فَاسْأَلُوهُ عَنْ غَضَبِهِ، فَإِنَّ غَضَبَهُ لِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ خُصُوصاً لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع.
They said, ‘And who is that, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ He-saww said: ‘Here he is coming towards you angrily. Ask him about his anger, for his anger is for the (sake of the) Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww, in particular for (the sake of) Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws’.
فَطَمَحَ الْقَوْمُ بِأَعْنَاقِهِمْ، وَ شَخَصُوا بِأَبْصَارِهِمْ، وَ نَظَرُوا، فَإِذَا أَوَّلُ طَالِعٍ عَلَيْهِمْ «سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ» وَ هُوَ غَضْبَانُ، فَأَقْبَلَ،
So the people stretched with their necks and stared with their eyes, and they look, and the first one to emerge towards them was Sa’ad Bin Muaz, and he was angry, and he came over.
فَلَمَّا رَآهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ لَهُ: يَا سَعْدُ أَمَا إِنَّ غَضَبَ اللَّهِ لِمَا غَضِبْتَ لَهُ أَشَدُّ، فَمَا الَّذِي أَغْضَبَكَ حَدِّثْنَا بِمَا قُلْتَهُ فِي غَضَبِكَ- حَتَّى أُحَدِّثَكَ بِمَا قَالَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ لِمَنْ قُلْتَ لَهُ، وَ مَا قَالَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَجَابَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ.
So when Rasool-Allah-saww saw him, said to him: ‘O Sa’ad! But, the Anger of Allah-azwj to what you are angered is more Intense. So what is that which angered you? Narrate to us with what you said during your anger until I-saww narrate to you with what the Angels said to the ones who you said to, and what Angels said to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and (what) Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Answered with’.
فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، بَيْنَا أَنَا جَالِسٌ عَلَى بَابِي، وَ بِحَضْرَتِي نَفَرٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِيَ الْأَنْصَارِ، إِذْ تَمَادَى رَجُلَانِ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ، فَرَأَيْتُ فِي أَحَدِهِمَا النِّفَاقَ فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَدْخُلَ بَيْنَهُمَا مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَزْدَادَ شَرُّهُمَا، وَ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَتَكَافَّا فَلَمْ يَتَكَافَّا، وَ تَمَادَيَا فِي شَرِّهِمَا حَتَّى تَوَاثَبَا- إِلَى أَنْ جَرَّدَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا السَّيْفَ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ،
So Sa’ad said, ‘May by father and my mother (be sacrificed for you-saww, O Rasool-Allah-saww! While I was seated at my door, and in my presence were a number of my companions of the Helpers, when two men from the Helpers went too far (in their arguments), and I saw the hypocrisy in one of them. I disliked entering in between them, fearing the increase in their evil, and I want both of them to stop. But, they did not stop and persisted in their evil until they both leapt at each other, and each one of them bared his sword upon his companion.
فَأَخَذَ هَذَا سَيْفَهُ وَ تُرْسَهُ، وَ هَذَا سَيْفَهُ وَ تُرْسَهُ وَ تَجَاوَلَا وَ تَضَارَبَا، فَجَعَلَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا يَتَّقِي سَيْفَ صَاحِبِهِ بِدَرَقَتِهِ، وَ كَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَدْخُلَ بَيْنَهُمَا- مَخَافَةَ أَنْ تَمْتَدَّ إِلَيَّ يَدُ خَاطِئَةٍ، وَ قُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي: اللَّهُمَّ انْصُرْ أَحَبَّهُمَا لِنَبِيِّكَ وَ آلِهِ.
So this one took his sword and his shield, and this one (took) his sword and his shield, and they both defended (with their shields) and struck (with their swords). Each one of them went on avoiding the sword of his companions by his shield, and I disliked entering in between them, fearing that a hand might be extended towards me in error, and I said within myself, ‘O Allah-azwj! Help the one who is more beloved to Your-azwj Prophet-saww and his-saww companion’.
فَمَا زَالا يَتَجَاوَلَانِ وَ لَا يَتَمَكَّنُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا مِنَ الْآخَرِ- إِلَى أَنْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا أَخُوكَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع فَصِحْتُ بِهِمَا: هَذَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع لَمْ تُوَقِّرَاهُ فَوَقِّرَاهُ وَ تَكَافَّا، فَهَذَا أَخُو رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ أَفْضَلُ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ.
So they did not cease to be in conflict and not one of them was more able than the other, until your-saww brother-asws Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws emerged towards us. So I shouted at them both, ‘This is Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws! Why are you not respecting him-asws? Respect him-asws and refrain, for this is the brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, and the most superior of the Progeny-asws of Muhammad-saww!’
فَأَمَّا أَحَدُهُمَا، فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا سَمِعَ مَقَالَتِي- رَمَى بِسَيْفِهِ وَ دَرَقَتِهِ مِنْ يَدِهِ. وَ أَمَّا الْآخَرُ فَلَمْ يَحْفِلْ بِذَلِكَ، فَتَمَكَّنَ لِاسْتِسْلَامِ صَاحِبِهِ مِنْهُ، فَقَطَعَهُ بِسَيْفِهِ قِطَعاً أَصَابَهُ بِنَيِّفٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ ضَرْبَةً،
As for one of them, so when he heard my speech, he threw down his sword and his shield from his hands. And as for the other, he did not care with that, so he enabled himself due to the submission of his companion from him, and he cut him by his sword into pieces, hitting him with more than twenty strikes.
فَغَضِبْتُ عَلَيْهِ، وَ وَجَدْتُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَجْداً شَدِيداً، وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بِئْسَ الْعَبْدُ أَنْتَ- لَمْ تُوَقِّرْ أَخَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، وَ أَثْخَنْتَ بِالْجِرَاحِ مَنْ وَقَّرَهُ، وَ قَدْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ قَرْناً كَفِيّاً بِدِفَاعِكَ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ، وَ مَا تَمَكَّنْتَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا بِتَوْقِيرِهِ أَخَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص.
So I was angry upon him, and I found intense feeling from that, and I said to him, ‘O servant of Allah-azwj! You are an evil servant. You did not respect the brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, and beat with the injuries the one who respected him-asws, and he had paired that (respect) with refraining from defending himself from you; and you would not have enabled upon him except due to his reverence to the brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: فَمَا الَّذِي صَنَعَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع لَمَّا كَفَّ صَاحِبُكَ وَ تَعَدَّى عَلَيْهِ الْآخَرُ قَالَ: جَعَلَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ يَضْرِبُهُ بِسَيْفِهِ، لَا يَقُولُ شَيْئاً، وَ لَا يَمْنَعُهُ ثُمَّ جَازَ وَ تَرَكَهُمَا، وَ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ الْمَضْرُوبَ لَعَلَّهُ بِآخِرِ رَمَقٍ.
So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘So what is that which Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws did when your companion refrained, and the other one exceeded upon him?’ He said, ‘He-asws went on looking at him and he was striking with his sword, not saying anything, nor preventing him. Then he went across and let them both, and the struck one perhaps in his last breath’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: يَا سَعْدُ لَعَلَّكَ تَقْدِرُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ الْبَاغِيَ الْمُتَعَدِّيَ ظَافِرٌ إِنَّهُ مَا ظَفِرَ، يَغْنَمُ مَنْ ظَفِرَ بِظُلْمٍ! إِنَّ الْمَظْلُومَ يَأْخُذُ مِنْ دِينِ الظَّالِمِ- أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا يَأْخُذُ الظَّالِمُ مِنْ دُنْيَاهُ، إِنَّهُ لَا يُحْصَدُ مِنَ الْمُرِّ حُلْوٌ، وَ لَا مِنَ الْحُلْوِ مُرٌّ.
So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Sa’ad! Perhaps you thought that, that rebel, the exceeded was victorious. There is no victory in the triumph of the one who is victorious by injustice! The oppressed one takes from the religion of the oppressor more than what the oppressor takes from his world. There is no harvest of sweetness from the bitter, nor (harvest) of bitterness from the sweet.
وَ أَمَّا غَضَبُكَ لِذَلِكَ الْمَظْلُومِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الظَّالِمِ- فَغَضَبُ اللَّهِ لَهُ أَشَدُّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ غَضَبُ الْمَلَائِكَةِ [عَلَى ذَلِكَ الظَّالِمِ لِذَلِكَ الْمَظْلُومِ].
And as for your anger for (the sake of) that wronged one against that unjust one, so the Anger of Allah-azwj to him is more Intense than that, and the anger of the Angels upon that unjust one, for that injustice.
وَ أَمَّا كَفُّ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع عَنْ نُصْرَةِ ذَلِكَ الْمَظْلُومِ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَمَّا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ مِنْ إِظْهَارِ آيَاتِ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي ذَلِكَ، لَا أُحَدِّثُكَ يَا سَعْدُ بِمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ وَ قَالَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ لِذَلِكَ الظَّالِمِ وَ لِذَلِكَ الْمَظْلُومِ وَ لَكَ، حَتَّى تَأْتِيَنِي بِالرَّجُلِ الْمُثْخَنِ فَتَرَى فِيهِ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ الْمُصَدِّقَةَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ.
And as for the restraint of Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws from helping than oppressed one, it is due to what Allah-azwj Wants from the manifestation of the Signs of Muhammad-saww with regards to that. I-saww will not narrate to you, O Sa’ad, with what Allah-azwj Said, and (what) the Angels said to that oppressor, and to that oppressed one, and to you, until you come to me-saww with the man, the enfeebled one, so you may see the Signs of Allah-azwj in it, the verification for Muhammad-saww’.
فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَ كَيْفَ آتِي بِهِ وَ عُنُقُهُ مُتَعَلِّقَةٌ بِجِلْدَةٍ رَقِيقَةٍ وَ يَدُهُ وَ رِجْلُهُ كَذَلِكَ، وَ إِنْ حَرَّكْتُهُ تَمَيَّزَتْ أَعْضَاؤُهُ وَ تَفَاصَلَتْ
So Sa’ad said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! And how can I come with him, and his neck is hanging by his skin, and so are his hands and his legs, similar to that. And if I were to move him, his body parts would fall apart and be disjointed’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: يَا سَعْدُ إِنَّ الَّذِي يُنْشِئُ السَّحَابَ- وَ لَا شَيْءَ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَتَكَاثَفَ، وَ يُطْبِقُ أَكْنَافَ السَّمَاءِ وَ آفَاقَهَا ثُمَّ يُلَاشِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدُ حَتَّى يَضْمَحِلَّ فَلَا تَرَى مِنْهُ شَيْئاً، لَقَادِرٌ إِنْ تَمَيَّزَتْ تِلْكَ الْأَعْضَاءُ أَنْ يُؤَلِّفَهَا مِنْ بَعْدُ، كَمَا أَلَّفَهَا إِذْ لَمْ تَكُنْ شَيْئاً.
So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Sa’ad! The One-azwj Who Grows the clouds, and there is nothing from it, until they thicken and are layered in the environs of the sky and its horizons, then He-azwj Disperses them afterwards until they disappear, so you cannot see anything from it, is (surely) Able upon Distinguishing those body part and Compose them afterwards, just as they were composed when nothing had happened’.
قَالَ سَعْدٌ: صَدَقْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. وَ ذَهَبَ، فَجَاءَ بِالرَّجُلِ، وَ وَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ هُوَ بِآخِرِ رَمَقٍ فَلَمَّا وَضَعَهُ انْفَصَلَ رَأْسُهُ عَنْ كَتِفِهِ، وَ يَدُهُ عَنْ زَنْدِهِ، وَ فَخِذُهُ عَنْ أَصْلِهِ.
Sa’ad said, ‘You-saww speak the truth, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ And he came with the man, and placed him in front of Rasool-Allah-saww, and he was in his last breaths. So when he placed him, his head disjointed from his shoulders, and his hands (disjointed) from his shoulder bone, and his thigh (disjointed) from its origin.
فَوَضَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الرَّأْسَ فِي مَوْضِعِهِ، وَ الْيَدَ وَ الرِّجْلَ فِي مَوْضِعِهِمَا، ثُمَّ تَفَلَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ، وَ مَسَحَ يَدَهُ عَلَى مَوَاضِعِ جِرَاحَاتِهِ- وَ قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ الْمُحْيِي لِلْأَمْوَاتِ، وَ الْمُمِيتُ لِلْأَحْيَاءِ، وَ الْقَادِرُ عَلَى مَا تَشَاءُ، وَ عَبْدُكَ هَذَا مُثْخَنٌ بِهَذِهِ الْجِرَاحَاتِ- لِتَوْقِيرِهِ لِأَخِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع، اللَّهُمَّ فَأَنْزِلْ عَلَيْهِ شِفَاءً مِنْ شِفَائِكَ، وَ دَوَاءً مِنْ دَوَائِكَ، وَ عَافِيَةً مِنْ عَافِيَتِكَ.
So Rasool-Allah-saww placed the head in its place, and the hand and the leg in their places, then applied saliva upon the man, and wiped his-saww hand upon the places of his wounds, and said: ‘O Allah-azwj! You-azwj are the Reviver of the dead, and the Causer of death of the living ones, and the Able upon whatever You-azwj so Desire to. And this servant of yours is enfeebled by these wounds – due to his revering the brother-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws. O Allah-azwj! Send down a healing from Your-azwj Healings upon him, and a cure from Your-azwj Cures, and a well-being from Your-azwj (Grant of) Well-beings’.
قَالَ: فَوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً، إِنَّهُ لَمَّا قَالَ ذَلِكَ الْتَأَمَتِ الْأَعْضَاءُ، وَ الْتَصَقَتْ وَ تَرَاجَعَتِ الدِّمَاءُ إِلَى عُرُوقِهَا، وَ قَامَ قَائِماً سَوِيّاً سَالِماً صَحِيحاً، لَا بَلِيَّةَ بِهِ، وَ لَا يَظْهَرُ عَلَى بَدَنِهِ أَثَرُ جِرَاحَةٍ، كَأَنَّهُ مَا أُصِيبَ بِشَيْءٍ الْبَتَّةَ.
He (Imam Hassan Al-Askari-asws) said: ‘By the One-azwj Who Sent him-saww with the Truth as a Prophet-saww! When he-saww said that, the body parts became complete, and the blood returned to his veins, and he stood up standing, complete, safe, healthy, there being no afflictions with him nor any traces of injuries being manifested upon his body. It was as if he had not been hit by anything at all’.
ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَى سَعْدٍ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ: الْآنَ بَعْدَ ظُهُورِ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ لِتَصْدِيقِ مُحَمَّدٍ، أُحَدِّثُكُمْ بِمَا قَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ لَكَ- وَ لِصَاحِبِكَ هَذَا وَ لِذَلِكَ الظَّالِمِ،
Then Rasool-Allah-saww faced towards Sa’ad and his companions, and he-saww said: ‘Now, after the appearance of the Signs of Allah-azwj in verification of Muhammad-saww, I-saww shall narrate to you all with what the Angels said to you and to this companion of your, and to that oppressor.
إِنَّكَ لَمَّا قُلْتَ لِهَذَا الْعَبْدِ: أَحْسَنْتَ فِي كَفِّكَ عَنِ الْقِتَالِ- تَوْقِيراً لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَخِي مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، كَمَا قُلْتَ لِصَاحِبِهِ: أَسَأْتَ فِي تَعَدِّيكَ عَلَى مَنْ كَفَّ عَنْكَ- تَوْقِيراً لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ قَدْ كَانَ لَكَ قَرْناً كَفِيّاً كُفْواً، قَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ كُلُّهَا لَهُ: بِئْسَ مَا صَنَعْتَ [يَا عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ] وَ بِئْسَ الْعَبْدُ أَنْتَ فِي تَعَدِّيكَ- عَلَى مَنْ كَفَّ عَنْ دَفْعِكَ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ- تَوْقِيراً لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع أَخِي مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص.
You, when you said to this servant, ‘You were excellent in your refraining from the fighting as a respect for Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, brother-asws of Muhammad-saww Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj’, just as you said to his counterpart, ‘You were evil in your transgression upon the one who refrained from you as a (mark of) respect for Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and he had paired for you the restraint and the refraining’ – the Angels, all of them said to him, ‘Evil is what you did, O enemy of Allah-azwj, and you are the evil servant in your transgressing upon the one who refrained from defending himself from you as a respect for Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, brother-asws of Muhammad-saww, Rasool-saww of Allah-azwj’.
[وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: بِئْسَ الْعَبْدُ أَنْتَ يَا عَبْدِي- فِي تَعَدِّيكَ عَلَى مَنْ كَفَّ عَنْكَ تَوْقِيراً لِأَخِي مُحَمَّدٍ]
And Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “You are the evil servant, O My-azwj servant, in your transgressing upon the one who refrained from you as a respect for the brother-asws of Muhammad-saww!”
ثُمَّ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَوْقِ الْعَرْشِ، وَ صَلَّى عَلَيْكَ يَا سَعْدُ فِي حَثِّكَ عَلَى تَوْقِيرِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع وَ عَلَى صَاحِبِكَ فِي قَبُولِهِ مِنْكَ.
Then Allah-azwj Cursed him from above the Throne, and Sent Blessings upon you, O Sa’ad, during your urging upon the respect for Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and upon your companion (as well) during his acceptance of it from you.
ثُمَّ قَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ: يَا رَبَّنَا- لَوْ أَذِنْتَ [لَنَا] لَانْتَقَمْنَا مِنْ هَذَا الْمُتَعَدِّي.
Then the Angels said, ‘O our Lord-azwj! If You-azwj could Permit for us, we shall exact revenge from this transgressor’.
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يَا عِبَادِي- سَوْفَ أُمَكِّنُ سَعْدَ بْنَ مُعَاذٍ مِنَ الِانْتِقَامِ مِنْهُمْ، وَ أَشْفِي غَيْظَهُ حَتَّى يَنَالَ فِيهِمْ بُغْيَتَهُ، وَ أَمْكَنَ هَذَا الْمَظْلُومُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الظَّالِمِ وَ ذَوِيهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِمَا مِنْ إِهْلَاكِكُمْ لِهَذَا الْمُتَعَدِّي، إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ
So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: ‘O My-azwj servants! Soon I-azwj shall Enable Sa’ad Bin Muaz from taking revenge from them and heal his anger until he attain regarding them his seeking. And I-azwj shall Enable this oppressed one upon that oppressor and his family with what is more beloved to them both (Sa’ad and the oppressed one), than your destroying this transgressor. I-azwj Know what you do not know!”
فَقَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ: يَا رَبَّنَا- أَ فَتَأْذَنُ لَنَا أَنْ نُنْزِلَ إِلَى هَذَا الْمُثْخَنِ بِالْجِرَاحَاتِ- مِنْ شَرَابِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ رَيْحَانِهَا- لِيَنْزِلَ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ الشِّفَاءُ
So the Angels said, ‘O our Lord-azwj! Will You-azwj Permit us to descend unto this one enfeebled by the injuries – from the drinks of the Paradise and its perfumes – to descend with these unto him for the healing?’
فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: سَوْفَ أَجْعَلُ لَهُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ- رِيقَ مُحَمَّدٍ يَنْفُثُ مِنْهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ مَسَحَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهِ، فَيَأْتِيهِ الشِّفَاءُ وَ الْعَافِيَةُ، يَا عِبَادِي إِنِّي أَنَا الْمَالِكُ لِلشِّفَاءِ، وَ الْإِحْيَاءِ وَ الْإِمَاتَةِ، وَ الْإِغْنَاءِ وَ الْإِفْقَارِ، وَ الْإِسْقَامِ، وَ الصِّحَّةِ، وَ الرَّفْعِ، وَ الْخَفْضِ، وَ الْإِهَانَةِ وَ الْإِعْزَازِ دُونَكُمْ وَ دُونَ سَائِرِ خَلْقِي.
So Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: “Soon I-azwj shall Make to be for him superior than that – The application by Muhammad-saww of his-saww saliva upon him, and wiping his-saww hand upon him, so I-azwj Gave him the healing and the well-being. O My-azwj servants! I-azwj am the Owner of the healing, and the life, and the death, and the riches, and the poverty, and the diseases, and the health, and the elevation (of status) and the dropping (of status), and the disgrace, and the honour, besides you all, and besides the rest of My-azwj creatures!”
قَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ: كَذَلِكَ أَنْتَ يَا رَبَّنَا.
The Angels said: ‘You-azwj are like that, O our Lord-azwj!’
فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ أُصِيبَ أَكْحَلِي هَذَا، وَ رُبَّمَا يَنْفَجِرُ مِنْهُ الدَّمُ وَ أَخَافُ الْمَوْتَ وَ الضَّعْفَ- قَبْلَ أَنْ أَشْفِيَ مِنْ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ.
So Sa’ad said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I am suffering from this wound of mine, and sometimes the blood spurts out from it, and I fear the death and the weakness (from it), before I confront the clan of Qureyza’.
[فَمَسَحَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَدَهُ فَبَرَأَ- إِلَى أَنْ شَفَى اللَّهُ صَدْرَهُ مِنْ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ] فَقُتِلُوا عَنْ آخِرِهِمْ. وَ غُنِمَتْ أَمْوَالُهُمْ وَ سُبِيَتْ ذَرَارِيُّهُمْ، ثُمَّ انْفَجَرَ كَلْمُهُ وَ مَاتَ، وَ صَارَ إِلَى رِضْوَانِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.
So Rasool-Allah-azwj wiped his-saww hand, and he was cured – until Allah-azwj Healed his chest from the clan of Qureyza. So he fought them until the last of them, and seized their wealth, and captured their offspring. Then his wound erupted and he died, and came to the Pleasure of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic.
فَلَمَّا رَقَأَ دَمُهُ [مِنْ جِرَاحَاتِهِ] قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: يَا سَعْدُ سَوْفَ يَشْفِي اللَّهُ [بِكَ] غَيْظَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَ يَزْدَادُ لَكَ غَيْظَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ.
So when his blood dried up from his wound, Rasool-Allah-saww said, ‘O Sa’ad! Soon Allah-azwj would Heal the anger of the Momineen by you, and the anger of the hypocrites would be increased towards you’.
فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ [إِلَّا] يَسِيراً حَتَّى كَانَ حُكِّمَ سَعْدٌ فِي بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ لَمَّا نَزَلُوا [بِحُكْمِهِ] وَ هُمْ تِسْعُ مِائَةٍ وَ خَمْسُونَ رَجُلًا جَلْداً. شَبَاباً ضَرَّابِينَ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَالَ: أَ رَضِيتُمْ بِحُكْمِي قَالُوا: بَلَى.
It was only a little while before Sa’ad was a ruler among the clan of Qureyza. When he went down with his rulings, and they were nine hundred and fifty men, strong, young, strikers with the swords. So he said, ‘Are you pleased with my rule?’ They said, ‘Yes’.
وَ هُمْ يَتَوَهَّمُونَ أَنَّهُ يَسْتَبْقِيهِمْ لِمَا كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُمْ- مِنَ الرَّحِمِ وَ الرَّضَاعِ وَ الصِّهْرِ قَالَ: فَضَعُوا أَسْلِحَتَكُمْ. فَوَضَعُوهَا، قَالَ: اعْتَزِلُوا. فَاعْتَزَلُوا، قَالَ: سَلِّمُوا حِصْنَكُمْ. فَسَلَّمُوهُ.
And they were assuming that he would let them live due to what was between him and them, from the womb relationships, and the breast-feeding (connections), and the in-law (intermarriages). He said, ‘Lay down your weapons’. So they placed them down. He said, ‘Isolate (from these)’. They isolated. He said, ‘Submit your fortress. They submitted it.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: احْكُمْ فِيهِمْ يَا سَعْدُ. فَقَالَ: قَدْ حَكَمْتُ فِيهِمْ بِأَنْ يُقْتَلَ رِجَالُهُمْ، وَ تُسْبَى نِسَاؤُهُمْ وَ ذَرَارِيُّهُمْ وَ تُغْنَمُ أَمْوَالُهُمْ
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘Order with regards to them, O Sa’ad!’ He said, ‘I have decided regarding that their men be killed, and their womenfolk and their offspring be held captive, and their wealth be confiscated’.
فَلَمَّا سَلَّ الْمُسْلِمُونَ سُيُوفَهُمْ لِيَضَعُوا عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ: سَعْدٌ: لَا أُرِيدُ هَكَذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: كَيْفَ تُرِيدُ اقْتَرِحْ، وَ لَا تَقْتَرِحِ الْعَذَابَ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَتَبَ الْإِحْسَانَ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى فِي الْقَتْلِ.
But when the Muslims unsheathed their swords in order to attack upon them, Sa’ad said, ‘I do not want it like this, O Rasool-Allah-saww!’ Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘How do you want it? Suggest, and do not suggest the punishment, for Allah-azwj has Prescribed the favouring in everything, to the extent in the killing (as well)’.
قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَا أَقْتَرِحُ الْعَذَابَ إِلَّا عَلَى وَاحِدٍ، وَ هُوَ الَّذِي تَعَدَّى عَلَى صَاحِبِنَا هَذَا، لَمَّا كَفَّ عَنْهُ تَوْقِيراً لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ع، وَ رَدَّهُ نِفَاقُهُ إِلَى إِخْوَانِهِ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فَهُوَ مِنْهُمْ، يُؤْتَى وَاحِدٌ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ نَضْرِبُهُ بِسَيْفٍ مُرْهَفٍ إِلَّا ذَاكَ فَإِنَّهُ يُعَذَّبُ بِهِ
He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I do not suggest the punishment except upon one, and he is the one who transgressed upon this companion of our, when he restrained from him out of respect for Ali-asws Bin Abu Talib-asws, and his hypocrisy to his brethren from the Jews, for he is from them. They should be brought one by one from them, (and) we would strike him with a slender sword, except that one, for he would be punished by it’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: يَا سَعْدُ، أَلَا مَنِ اقْتَرَحَ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِ عَذَاباً بَاطِلًا، فَقَدِ اقْتَرَحْتَ أَنْتَ عَذَاباً حَقّاً.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Sa’ad! It is not for one to suggest false punishment upon an enemy. You have suggested punishment rightfully’.
فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ لِلْفَتَى: قُمْ بِسَيْفِكَ هَذَا- إِلَى صَاحِبِكَ الْمُتَعَدِّي عَلَيْكَ فَاقْتَصَّ مِنْهُ.
So Sa’ad said to the youth, ‘Arise with this sword of yours to your counterpart, the one who transgressed upon you, and retaliate from him!’
قَالَ: تَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْهِ فَمَا زَالَ يَضْرِبُهُ بِسَيْفِهِ- حَتَّى ضَرَبَهُ بِنَيِّفٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ ضَرْبَةً- كَمَا كَانَ ضَرَبَهُ [هُوَ] فَقَالَ: هَذَا عَدَدُ مَا ضَرَبَنِي بِهِ فَقَدْ كَفَانِي. ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ، ثُمَّ جَعَلَ الْفَتَى يَضْرِبُ أَعْنَاقَ قَوْمٍ يَبْعُدُونَ عَنْهُ، وَ يَتْرُكُ قَوْماً يَقْرَبُونَ فِي الْمَسَافَةِ مِنْهُ، ثُمَّ كَفَّ وَ قَالَ: دُونَكُمْ.
He-asws said: ‘He proceeded to him and did not cease striking him with his sword until he had struck twenty seven strikes – just as he had struck him (before). He said, ‘This is the number what he had struck me with, so it suffices me’. Then he struck off his neck. Then the youth went on to strike off the necks of the people at a distance from him, and left the people who were nearby distance from him. Then he stopped and said, ‘I leave it for you’.
فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: فَأَعْطِنِي السَّيْفَ. فَأَعْطَاهُ- فَلَمْ يُمَيِّزْ أَحَداً، وَ قَتَلَ كُلَّ مَنْ كَانَ أَقْرَبَ إِلَيْهِ- حَتَّى قَتَلَ عَدَداً مِنْهُمْ، ثُمَّ مَلَ وَ رَمَى بِالسَّيْفِ وَ قَالَ: دُونَكُمْ.
So Sa’d said, ‘Give me the sword’. So he gave it to him, and he did not differentiate anyone, and killed every one who was near to him – until he had killed a number of them. Then he stopped and threw down the sword and said, ‘I leave it to you all’.
فَمَا زَالَ الْقَوْمُ يَقْتُلُونَهُمْ حَتَّى قُتِلُوا عَنْ آخِرِهِمْ.
So the people did not cease to kill them until they had killed the last one of them.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِلْفَتَى: مَا بَالُكَ قَتَلْتَ مَنْ بَعُدَ فِي الْمَسَافَةِ عَنْكَ- وَ تَرَكْتَ مَنْ قَرُبَ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كُنْتُ أَتَنَكَّبُ عَنِ الْقَرَابَاتِ- وَ آخُذُ فِي الْأَجْنَبِيِّ.
Rasool-Allah-saww said to the youth: ‘What is the matter you killed the ones at a distance from you and left the ones nearby?’ He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I avoided the relatives and took to the strangers’.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: وَ قَدْ كَانَ فِيهِمْ مَنْ كَانَ- لَيْسَ لَكَ بِقَرَابَةٍ وَ تَرَكْتَهُ. قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَانَ لَهُمْ عَلَيَّ أَيَادٍ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَتَوَلَّى قَتْلَهُمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَلَيَّ تِلْكَ الْأَيَادِي.
Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘And there were the one who weren’t your relatives and you left them’. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! There were hands (of favours) for them upon me during the pre-Islamic period, so I disliked that I should take on their killing, and for them were those hands (of favours) upon me’.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: أَمَا إِنَّكَ لَوْ شَفَعْتَ إِلَيْنَا فِيهِمْ لَشَفَّعْنَاكَ. فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا كُنْتُ لِأَدْرَأَ عَذَابَ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَعْدَائِهِ، وَ إِنْ كُنْتُ أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَتَوَلَّاهُ بِنَفْسِي.
So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘But you, if you had sought intercession to us-saww regarding them, we-saww would have interceded for you’. He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I was not going to stave the Punishment of Allah-azwj from His-azwj enemies, and even though I dislike it to take it one with myself’.
ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِسَعْدٍ: وَ أَنْتَ فَمَا بَالُكَ لَمْ تُمَيِّزْ أَحَداً. قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَادَيْتُهُمْ فِي اللَّهِ، وَ أَبْغَضْتُهُمْ فِي اللَّهِ، فَلَا أُرِيدُ مُرَاقَبَةَ غَيْرِكَ وَ غَيْرِ مُحِبِّيكَ. قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: يَا سَعْدُ أَنْتَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ لَا تَأْخُذُهُمْ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ.
Then Rasool-Allah-saww said to Sa’ad: ‘And you! So what is the matter you did not differentiate anyone (and killed everyone)?’ He said, ‘O Rasool-Allah-saww! I was inimical to them for the Sake of Allah-azwj, and I hated them for the Sake of Allah-azwj. So I did not want to consider other than you-saww and other than your-saww love’. Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O Sa’ad! You are from those who would not be taking for the Sake of Allah-azwj, an accusation from an accuser’.
فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ آخِرِهِمْ انْفَجَرَ كَلْمُهُ وَ مَاتَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: هَذَا وَلِيٌّ مِنْ أَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ حَقّاً، اهْتَزَّ عَرْشُ الرَّحْمَنِ لِمَوْتِهِ وَ لَمَنْزِلُهُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ مَا فِيهَا، إِلَى سَائِرِ مَا يُكْرَمُ بِهِ فِيهَا، حَبَاهُ اللَّهُ مَا حَبَاهُ..
So when he was free from the last of them, his wound burst out and he died. So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘This is a friend from the friends of Allah-azwj truly. The Throne of the Beneficent Shook at his death, and his house in the Paradise is superior than the world and whatever is in it, up to the rest of whatever would happen to be in it. Allah-azwj would Gift him what He-azwj would Gift him’’.
قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الشُّهَداءِ
The Words of the Mighty and Majestic: from the ones you are agreeing with from the witnesses [2:282]
375 قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الشُّهَداءِ مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ دِينَهُ وَ أَمَانَتَهُ، وَ صَلَاحَهُ وَ عِفَّتَهُ، وَ تَيَقُّظَهُ فِيمَا يَشْهَدُ بِهِ، وَ تَحْصِيلَهُ وَ تَمْيِيزَهُ، فَمَا كُلُّ صَالِحٍ مُمَيِّزٌ، وَ لَا مُحَصِّلٌ، وَ لَا كُلُّ مُحَصِّلٍ مُمَيِّزٍ صَالِحٌ،
S 375 – Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘from the ones you are agreeing with from the witnesses – from the ones who are happy with his Religion, and his trustworthiness, and his righteousness, and his chastity, and his alertness regarding what he is testifying with, and his composure, and his discernment. But, every righteous one is not a discerning one, nor every composed one is discerning, righteous.
وَ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ لَمَنْ هُوَ أَهْلُ [الْجَنَّةِ] لِصَلَاحِهِ وَ عِفَّتِهِ- لَوْ شَهِدَ لَمْ تُقْبَلْ شَهَادَتُهُ لِقِلَّةِ تَمْيِيزِهِ. فَإِذَا كَانَ صَالِحاً عَفِيفاً، مُمَيِّزاً مُحَصِّلًا، مُجَانِباً لِلْمَعْصِيَةِ وَ الْهَوَى وَ الْمَيْلِ وَ التَّحَامُلِ فَذَلِكُمُ الرَّجُلُ الْفَاضِلُ، فَبِهِ فَتَمَسَّكُوا، وَ بِهُدَاهُ فَاقْتَدُوا،
And that from the servants of Allah-azwj is one who is deserving of the Paradise due to his righteousness and his chastity, (but) if he were to testify, his testimony would not be acceptable. So when he was righteous, chaste, discerning, composed, keeping aside from the disobedience and the personal desires and the inclining and the prejudices, so that would be the preferable man with regards to it. So cling to him, and follow his guidance.
وَ إِنِ انْقَطَعَ عَنْكُمُ الْمَطَرُ فَاسْتَمْطِرُوا بِهِ، وَ إِنِ امْتَنَعَ عَلَيْكُمُ النَّبَاتُ فَاسْتَخْرِجُوا بِهِ النَّبَاتَ، وَ إِنْ تَعَذَّرَ عَلَيْكُمُ الرِّزْقَ فَاسْتَدِرُّوا بِهِ الرِّزْقَ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مِمَّنْ لَا يَخِيبُ طَلَبُهُ، وَ لَا تُرَدُّ مَسْأَلَتُهُ.
And if the rains are cut off from you, so seek the rains by him (his supplication), and the vegetation is prevented upon you, so bring the vegetation forth by him (his supplication), and if the sustenance is restricted upon you, so turn the sustenance around by him (his supplication), for that one is from the ones whose seeking is not disappointed with, nor is his asking rejected.
وَ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ- بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَ الْأَيْمَانِ فِي الدَّعَاوِي، فَكَثُرَتِ الْمُطَالَبَاتُ وَ الْمَظَالِمُ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّما أَنَا بَشَرٌ*، وَ أَنْتُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ، وَ لَعَلَّ بَعْضَكُمْ يَكُونُ أَلْحَنَ بِحُجَّتِهِ [مِنْ بَعْضٍ] وَ إِنَّمَا أَقْضِي عَلَى نَحْوِ مَا أَسْمَعُ مِنْهُ، فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ مِنْ حَقِّ أَخِيهِ بِشَيْءٍ فَلَا يَأْخُذَنَّهُ، فَإِنَّمَا أَقْطَعُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ النَّارِ.
And he (Amir-Al-Momineen-asws) said: ‘Rasool-Allah-saww used to give judgment between people based on the evidences and the oaths regarding the claims, and the claims and grievances became numerous. So Rasool-Allah-saww said: ‘O you people! But rather, I-saww am a human being, and you are in disputes, and perhaps some of you would happen to be more composed with his arguments than others, and rather I-saww would judge upon what I-saww hear from him. So the one I-saww have judged for him, from the rights of his brother, so he should not take it. But rather, I-saww have cut out for him a piece from the Fire’.
[فِي كَيْفِيَّةِ حُكْمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص:]
Re: The mannerisms of the judgments of Rasool-Allah-saww
376 وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا تَخَاصَمَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلَانِ فِي حَقٍّ، قَالَ لِلْمُدَّعِي: لَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ فَإِنْ أَقَامَ بَيِّنَةً يَرْضَاهَا وَ يَعْرِفُهَا، أَمْضَى الْحُكْمَ عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ، وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ بَيِّنَةٌ، حَلَفَ الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ بِاللَّهِ- مَا لِهَذَا قِبَلَهُ ذَلِكَ الَّذِي ادَّعَاهُ وَ لَا شَيْءٌ مِنْهُ،
S 376 – And Rasool-Allah-saww was such that whenever two men brought a dispute to him-as regarding a right, he-saww said to the claimant: ‘Is there any evidence for you?’ So if he did establish evidence he-asws was happy with it and recognised it, he-saww pass judgment against the defendant. And if there did not happen to be any evidence for him, he-saww got the defendant to swear an oath by Allah-azwj, not accepting what this one is claiming for, nor anything from it.
وَ إِذَا جَاءَ بِشُهُودٍ لَا يَعْرِفُهُمْ بِخَيْرٍ وَ لَا شَرٍّ، قَالَ لِلشُّهُودِ: أَيْنَ قَبَائِلُكُمَا فَيَصِفَانِ، أَيْنَ سُوقُكُمَا فَيَصِفَانِ، أَيْنَ مَنْزِلُكُمَا فَيَصِفَانِ.
And when they came with witnesses, not being recognised by being good or evil, he-saww said to the witnesses: ‘Where are your tribes?’ So they would describe. ‘Where are your markets?’ So they would describe. ‘Where are your houses?’ So they would describe.
ثُمَّ يُقِيمُ الْخُصُومَ وَ الشُّهُودَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، ثُمَّ يَأْمُرُ فَيُكْتَبُ أَسَامِي الْمُدَّعِي وَ الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ وَ الشُّهُودِ- وَ يَصِفُ مَا شَهِدُوا بِهِ- ثُمَّ يَدْفَعُ ذَلِكَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ الْخِيَارِ، ثُمَّ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى [رَجُلٍ] آخَرَ مِنْ خِيَارِ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَيَقُولُ: لِيَذْهَبْ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمَا مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَشْعُرُ الْآخَرُ- إِلَى قَبَائِلِهِمَا وَ أَسْوَاقِهِمَا أَوْ مَحَالِّهِمَا وَ الرَّبَضِ الَّذِي يَنْزِلَانِهِ، فَلْيَسْأَلْ عَنْهُمَا. فَيَذْهَبَانِ وَ يَسْأَلَانِ.
Then he-saww would assess the litigants and the witnesses in front of him-saww. Then he would instruct, so the names of the claimant, and the defendant, and the witnesses would be written, along with the details of what they are testifying with. Then he-saww would hand that over to a man from his-saww good companions. Then similar to that to another man from his-saww good companions, and he-saww would be saying: ‘Each one of you should go, without the others being aware of it, to their tribes and they markets, or to their neighbourhoods, and the quarters which they were lodging in, and ask about them’. So they would go and ask around.
فَإِنْ أَتَوْا خَيْراً، أَوْ ذَكَرُوا فَضْلًا، رَجَعَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَأَخْبَرَاهُ بِهِ، وَ أَحْضَرَ الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ أَثْنَوْا عَلَيْهِمَا، وَ أَحْضَرَ الشُّهُودَ، وَ قَالَ لِلْقَوْمِ الْمُثْنِينَ عَلَيْهِمَا: هَذَا فُلَانُ بْنُ فُلَانٍ، وَ هَذَا فُلَانُ بْنُ فُلَانٍ، أَ تَعْرِفُونَهُمَا فَيَقُولُونَ: نَعَمْ. فَيَقُولُ: إِنَّ فُلَاناً وَ فُلَاناً جَاءَنِي مِنْكُمْ فِيهِمَا بِنَبَإٍ جَمِيلٍ، وَ ذِكْرٍ صَالِحٍ، أَ فَكَمَا قَالا فَإِذَا قَالُوا: نَعَمْ. قَضَى حِينَئِذٍ بِشَهَادَتِهِمَا عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ.
So if they came back with good (news), or mention of virtues, they would return them Rasool-Allah-saww and inform him-saww with it, and the people would be present, and the witnesses would be present (during the reporting). And he-saww would say to the people praising upon them: ‘This is so and so, son of so and so, and this is so and so, son of so and so, do you recognise them?’ So they would be saying, ‘Yes’. So he-saww would be saying to them: ‘So and so, and so and so came to me-saww from you with good news about these ones, and mentioned them as righteous. Have you said this?’ So if they said, ‘Yes’, he-saww would give judgment right then with their testimonies against the defendant’.
وَ إِنْ رَجَعَا بِخَبَرٍ سَيِّئٍ، وَ نَبَإٍ قَبِيحٍ دَعَا بِهِمْ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: أَ تَعْرِفُونَ فُلَاناً وَ فُلَاناً فَيَقُولُونَ: نَعَمْ. فَيَقُولُ: اقْعُدُوا حَتَّى يَحْضُرَا. فَيَقْعُدُونَ، فَيُحْضِرُهُمَا، فَيَقُولُ لِلْقَوْمِ: أَ هُمَا هُمَا فَيَقُولُونَ: نَعَمْ.
And if they returned with evil news, and ugly news, he-saww would call them, and say to them: ‘Are you recognising so and so, and so and so?’ So they would be saying, ‘Yes’. He-saww would say: ‘Be seated until they are presented’. So they would be seated, and they would be presented, and he-saww would be saying to the people: ‘Are these the two?’ So they would be saying, ‘Yes’.
فَإِذَا ثَبَتَ عِنْدَهُ ذَلِكَ، لَمْ يَهْتِكْ سِتْرَ الشَّاهِدَيْنِ، وَ لَا عَابَهُمَا وَ لَا وَبَّخَهُمَا، وَ لَكِنْ يَدْعُو الْخُصُومَ إِلَى الصُّلْحِ، فَلَا يَزَالُ بِهِمْ حَتَّى يَصْطَلِحُوا لِئَلَّا يَفْتَضِحَ الشُّهُودُ، وَ يَسْتُرُ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَ كَانَ رَءُوفاً عَطُوفاً مُتَحَنِّناً عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ.
So when that was affirmed with him-saww, he-saww would not uncover the veil of the two witnesses, nor would he-saww fault them, nor deride them. But, he-saww would call the litigant to the reconciliation. So he-saww would not cease to be with them until they reconcile, lest the witnesses be exposed. And he-saww veiled upon them, and he-saww was kind, warm-hearted, affectionate upon his-saww community.
فَإِنْ كَانَ الشُّهُودُ مِنْ أَخْلَاطِ النَّاسِ، غُرَبَاءَ لَا يُعْرَفُونَ، وَ لَا قَبِيلَةَ لَهُمَا- وَ لَا سُوقَ وَ لَا دَارَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ: مَا تَقُولُ فِيهِمَا. فَإِنْ قَالَ: مَا عَرَفْتُ إِلَّا خَيْراً، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُمَا قَدْ غَلِطَا فِيمَا شَهِدَا عَلَيَّ، أَنْفَذَ عَلَيْهِ شَهَادَتَهُمَا. فَإِنْ جَرَحَهُمَا، وَ طَعَنَ عَلَيْهِمَا، أَصْلَحَ بَيْنَ الْخَصْمِ وَ خَصْمِهِ، وَ أَحْلَفَ الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ، وَ قَطَعَ الْخُصُومَةَ بَيْنَهُمَا.
So if it was so that the witnesses were a mixture of people, unknown strangers, neither there being a tribe for them nor a market place, nor a house, he-saww would face towards the defendant and say: ‘What are you saying regarding them?’. So if he says, ‘I do not recognise except for goodness (in them), apart from that they as mistaken with regards to what they are testifying upon me’, he-saww would implement both their testimonies. But if he cross-examined the witnesses and criticised upon them, he-saww would effect a reconciliation between the disputant and his disputant, and get the defendant to swear an oath upon it, and cut off the dispute between the two.
أَنْ تَضِلَّ إِحْداهُما فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْداهُمَا الْأُخْرى
(The Words of the Mighty and Majestic): If one of the two errs, so the other one should remind him [2:282]
377 قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ: أَنْ تَضِلَّ إِحْداهُما فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْداهُمَا الْأُخْرى قَالَ: إِذَا ضَلَّتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا عَنِ الشَّهَادَةِ وَ نَسِيَتْهَا، ذَكَّرَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا بِهَا الْأُخْرَى فَاسْتَقَامَتَا فِي أَدَاءِ الشَّهَادَةِ.
S 377 – Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Regarding His-azwj Words If one of the two errs, so the other one should remind him – he-asws said: ‘When one of them erred from the testimony and forgot it, the other ones reminds the other one with it, so they would both we straight in the giving of the testimony. Allah-azwj Equated the testimonies of two women with the testimony of one man, due to the deficiency of their intellects and their Religion’.
عَدَلَ اللَّهُ شَهَادَةَ امْرَأَتَيْنِ بِشَهَادَةِ رَجُلٍ، لِنُقْصَانِ عُقُولِهِنَّ وَ دِينِهِنَّ. ثُمَّ قَالَ ع: مَعَاشِرَ النِّسَاءِ- خُلِقْتُنَّ نَاقِصَاتِ الْعُقُولِ، فَاحْتَرِزْنَ مِنَ الْغَلَطِ فِي الشَّهَادَةِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُعَظِّمُ ثَوَابَ الْمُتَحَفِّظِينَ وَ الْمُتَحَفِّظَاتِ فِي الشَّهَادَةِ.
Then he-asws said: ‘Community of women! You have been Created deficient of the intellects; therefore preserve yourselves from the mistakes in the testimonies, for Allah-azwj the Exalted Grants great Rewards to the male preserves and the female preserves of the testimonies.
وَ لَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ: مَا مِنِ امْرَأَتَيْنِ احْتَرَزَتَا فِي الشَّهَادَةِ فَذَكَّرَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا الْأُخْرَى حَتَّى تُقِيمَا الْحَقَّ، وَ تَنْفِيَا الْبَاطِلَ إِلَّا إِذَا بَعَثَهُمَا اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَظَّمَ ثَوَابَهُمَا، وَ لَا يَزَالُ يَصُبُّ عَلَيْهِمَا النَّعِيمَ- وَ يُذَكِّرُهُمَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَاعَتِهِمَا فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَ مَا كَانَتَا فِيهِ مِنْ أَنْوَاعِ الْهُمُومِ فِيهَا، وَ [مَا] أَزَالَهُ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا حَتَّى خَلَّدَهُمَا فِي الْجِنَانِ.
And I-asws have heard Rasool-Allah-saww saying: ‘There are none from the two women who are preserving regarding the testimonies, so one of them reminds the others until the truth is established, and the falsehood is negated, except when Allah-azwj Resurrects them both on the Day of Judgment with Great Rewards. He-azwj will not Cease to Pour the Bounties upon them, and He-azwj would Mention to the Angels what their obedience was in the world, and what they were in the varieties of worries in it – and Allah-azwj will not Cease from them until He-azwj Makes them abide eternally in the Gardens’.
وَ إِنَّ فِيهِنَّ لَمَنْ تُبْعَثُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، فَيُؤْتَى بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تُعْطَى كِتَابَهَا، فَتَرَى السَّيِّئَاتِ بِهَا مُحِيطَةً، وَ تَرَى حَسَنَاتِهَا قَلِيلَةً، فَيُقَالُ لَهَا: يَا أَمَةَ اللَّهِ هَذِهِ سَيِّئَاتُكِ فَأَيْنَ حَسَنَاتُكِ فَتَقُولُ: لَا أَذْكُرُ حَسَنَاتِي. فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ لِحَفَظَتِهَا: يَا مَلَائِكَتِي- تَذَاكَرُوا حَسَنَاتِهَا وَ تَذْكُرُوا خَيْرَاتِهَا. فَيَتَذَاكَرُونَ حَسَنَاتِهَا.
And that among them would be one who would be Resurrected on the Day of Judgment, so they would come with her before she is given her book. So she would see the evil deeds having encompassed it, and she would see her good deeds as being few. So it would be said to her: ‘O maid of Allah-azwj! These are your evils deeds, so where are your good deeds?’ She would be saying, ‘I don’t remember my good deeds’. So Allah-azwj would be Saying to her recorders: “O My-azwj Angels! Mention her good deeds, and mention her goodness!” So they would be mentioning her good deeds.
يَقُولُ الْمَلَكُ الَّذِي عَلَى الْيَمِينِ لِلْمَلَكِ الَّذِي عَلَى الشِّمَالِ: أَ مَا تَذْكُرُ مِنْ حَسَنَاتِهَا كَذَا وَ كَذَا. فَيَقُولُ: بَلَى، وَ لَكِنِّي أَذْكُرُ مِنْ سَيِّئَاتِهَا كَذَا وَ كَذَا. فَيُعَدِّدُ. فَيَقُولُ الْمَلَكُ الَّذِي عَلَى الْيَمِينِ لَهُ: أَ فَمَا تَذْكُرُ تَوْبَتَهَا مِنْهَا قَالَ: لَا أَذْكُرُ.
The Angel who is upon her right would be saying to the Angel upon the left: ‘But, do you remember from her good deeds, such and such?’ He would say, ’Yes, but remember from her evils deeds, such and such’. So they would count, and the Angel upon her right would say to him: ‘But, do you not remember her repentance from it?’ He would say, ‘I don’t remember’.
قَالَ: أَ مَا تَذْكُرُ أَنَّهَا وَ صَاحِبَتَهَا تَذَاكَرَتَا الشَّهَادَةَ- الَّتِي كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُمَا حَتَّى اتَّفَقَتَا وَ شَهِدَتَا [بِهَا] وَ لَمْ يَأْخُذْهُمَا فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ فَيَقُولُ: بَلَى. فَيَقُولُ الْمَلَكُ الَّذِي عَلَى الْيَمِينِ لِلَّذِي عَلَى الشِّمَالِ: أَمَا إِنَّ تِلْكَ الشَّهَادَةَ مِنْهُمَا تَوْبَةٌ مَاحِيَةٌ لِسَالِفِ ذُنُوبِهِمَا،
He would say, ‘But, do you remember that she and her companions both mentioned the testimony which was with them until the testimony until they concurred, and gave the testimony with it, and they did not take for the Sake of Allah-azwj, the accusation of an accuser?’ So he would be saying, ‘Yes’. So the Angel upon the right would say to the one upon the left: ‘But that testimony from them both is (sufficient) as a repentance for the deletion of their past sins’.
ثُمَّ تُعْطَيَانِ كِتَابَهُمَا بِأَيْمَانِهِمَا، فَتَجِدَانِ حَسَنَاتِهِمَا كُلَّهَا مَكْتُوبَةً [فِيهِ] وَ سَيِّئَاتِهِمَا كُلَّهَا.
Then they would both be given their book in their right hands, and they would find their good deeds, all of them to be written therein, and their evil deeds, all of them.
ثُمَّ تَجِدُ فِي آخِرِهِ: يَا أَمَتِي أَقَمْتِ الشَّهَادَةَ بِالْحَقِّ لِلضُّعَفَاءِ عَلَى الْمُبْطِلِينَ، وَ لَمْ تَأْخُذْكِ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ، فَصَيَّرْتُ لَكِ ذَلِكِ كَفَّارَةً لِذُنُوبِكِ الْمَاضِيَةِ، وَ مَحَواً لِخَطِيئَاتِكِ السَّالِفَةِ.
Then they would find written at the end of it: “O My-azwj maid! You established the testimony with the truth for the weak ones against the false ones, and did not take for the Sake of Allah-azwj, the accusation of an accuser. Thus, that has become an expiation for you for your sins of the past and a deletion of your past mistakes”.
وَ لا يَأْبَ الشُّهَداءُ إِذا ما دُعُوا
(The Words of the Mighty and Majestic): And the witnesses should not refuse when they are summoned (for it) [2:282]
378 قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ لا يَأْبَ الشُّهَداءُ إِذا ما دُعُوا قَالَ: مَنْ كَانَ فِي عُنُقِهِ شَهَادَةٌ، فَلَا يَأْبَ إِذَا دُعِيَ لِإِقَامَتِهَا، وَ لْيُقِمْهَا وَ لْيَنْصَحْ فِيهَا وَ لَا يَأْخُذْهُ فِيهَا لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ، وَ لْيَأْمُرْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، وَ لْيَنْهَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ.
S 378 – Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic And the witnesses should not refuse when they are summoned (for it) – he-asws said: ‘The one who happens to have a testimony upon his neck, so he should not refuse when summoned to establish it, and let him assess it and be correct in it, and he should not take any accusation from an accuser with regards to it, and let him enjoin with the goodness, and let him forbid from the evil’’.
379 وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ وَ لا يَأْبَ الشُّهَداءُ إِذا ما دُعُوا. قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِيمَنْ إِذَا دُعِيَ لِسَمَاعِ الشَّهَادَةِ أَبَى، وَ نَزَلَتْ فِيمَنِ امْتَنَعَ عَنْ أَدَاءِ الشَّهَادَةِ- إِذَا كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ.
S 379 – And in another Hadeeth And the witnesses should not refuse when they are summoned (for it) [2:282] – He-asws said: ‘It was Revealed regarding the one who is called for hearing the testimony, he refuses, and it was Revealed regarding the one who abstains from giving the testimony, when it was with him’.
وَ لا تَكْتُمُوا الشَّهادَةَ، وَ مَنْ يَكْتُمْها فَإِنَّهُ آثِمٌ قَلْبُهُ يَعْنِي كَافِرٌ قَلْبُهُ.
And do not conceal the testimony, and the one who conceals it, so he is of a sinful heart [2:283] – Meaning, of a Kafir heart’.
[خَاتِمَةٌ]
CONCLUSION
هَذَا آخِرُ مَا وُجِدَ- مِنْ تَفْسِيرِ الْإِمَامِ الْهُمَامِ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَى آبَائِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ، وَ ابْنِهِ الْقَائِمِ الْمُنْتَظَرِ الْمَهْدِيِّ عَجَّلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَرْجَهُ وَ سَهَّلَ مَخْرَجَهُ- صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ الْمَلِكِ الْعَلِيِّ.
This is the last of what we found from the Tafseer of the Gallant Imam Muhammad Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali Al-Askari-asws, upon him-asws and upon his-asws forefathers-asws, and his-asws son-asws the Awaited Al Mahdi-asws, may Allah-azwj the Exalted Hasten his-asws relief and Ease his-asws rising be the Salawat of Allah-azwj, the King, the Exalted.
وَ أَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَرْزُقَنِي الْوُصُولَ إِلَى تَمَامِ ذَلِكَ التَّفْسِيرِ- الْفَرِيدِ الَّذِي هُوَ كَكِتَابِ اللَّهِ الْحَمِيدِ الْمَجِيدِ- فِي جَلَالَةِ قَدْرِهِ وَ عِظَمِ مَنْزِلَتِهِ. لِأَنِّي قَدْ وَجَدْتُ فِي ذَلِكَ التَّفْسِيرِ- مِنْ أَسْرَارِ عُلُومِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ، وَ مِنْ أَخْبَارِهِمُ الْعَجِيبَةِ، وَ آثَارِهِمُ الْغَرِيبَةِ، وَ أَقْوَالِهِمُ الشَّرِيفَةِ، وَ أَحْوَالِهِمُ اللَّطِيفَةِ، مَا لَمْ يُوجَدْ فِي كِتَابٍ إِلَّا مَا الْتُقِطَ مِنْهُ.
And I ask Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic that He-azwj Graces me the arrival to the complete of that Tafseer – the unparalleled, which is like the Book of Allah-azwj, the Praised, the Glorified – regarding the majesty of its worth and the greatness of its status, because I have found in that Tafseer – from the secrets of the knowledge of Muhammad-saww and his-saww goodly Progeny-asws, may the Salawat of Allah-azwj be upon them altogether, and the wonders from their-asws Ahadith, and the strangeness of their effects, and the nobility of their words, and their subtle states, what I have not found in (any) book except I picked up from it.
تَمَّ الْكِتَابُ بِعَوْنِ اللَّهِ وَ قُدْرَتِهِ *** [و نحمده جلّ و علا إذ وفّقنا لإتمام هذا الكتاب و إخراجه محقّقا بهذه الصورة و كان اللّه شاكرا عليما].
The book is completed by the Assistance of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Power, and we praise Him-azwj, the Majestic and the Exalted, for having Harmonised us with this book and its true extraction with this Chapter (Surah Al Baqarah), and Allah-azwj is Grateful, Knower.