The Masjid around Kaʿbah (Makkah)
قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ ۖ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا ۚ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ۚ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ ۗ وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ لَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ ۗ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا يَعْمَلُونَ {144}
We have Seen the turning of your face towards the sky, so We will be Turning you towards a Qiblah you will be pleased with; So turn then your face towards ‘الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ’ the Sacred Masjid; and wherever you are, turn your face towards it. And those who have been Given the Book are knowing that it is the Truth from their Lord; and Allah is not heedless of what they are doing [2:144]
أبو علي الطبرسي عن علي بن إبراهيم، بإسناده عن الصادق (عليه السلام)، قال: «تحولت القبلة إلى الكعبة بعد ما صلى النبي (صلى الله عليه و آله) بمكة ثلاث عشرة سنة إلى بيت المقدس، و بعد مهاجرته إلى المدينة صلى إلى بيت المقدس سبعة أشهر
Abu Ali Al Tabarsy, from Ali Bin Ibrahim by his chain,
From Al-Sadiq-asws having said: ‘The Qiblah was transferred to the Kabah after the Prophet-saww had prayed Salat at Makkah for thirteen years (facing) towards Bayt Al-Maqdas, and after having emigrated to Al-Medina, (facing) towards Baytal Maqdas for seven months’.
قال-: ثم وجهه الله إلى الكعبة، و ذلك أن اليهود كانوا يعيرون رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله)، و يقولون له: أنت تابع لنا، تصلي إلى قبلتنا فاغتم رسول الله (صلى الله عليه و آله) من ذلك غما شديدا، و خرج في جوف الليل ينظر إلى آفاق السماء، ينتظر من الله في ذلك أمرا
He-asws said: ‘Then Allah-azwj Diverted him-saww to the Kabah, and that is because the Jews were taunting Rasool-Allah-saww and they were saying to him-saww, ‘You-saww are obedient to us. You-saww are praying Salat to our Qiblah’. Rasool-Allah-saww was gloomy due to that with an intense gloom, and he-saww went out in the middle of the night looking at the horizon of the sky, awaiting a Command from Allah-azwj regarding that.
فلما أصبح و حضر وقت صلاة الظهر، كان في مسجد بني سالم قد صلى من الظهر ركعتين، فنزل عليه جبرئيل و أخذ بعضديه و حوله إلى الكعبة، و أنزل عليه: قَدْ نَرى تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّماءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضاها فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرامِ و كان قد صلى ركعتين إلى بيت المقدس، و ركعتين إلى الكعبة، فقالت اليهود و السفهاء: ما وَلَّاهُمْ عَنْ قِبْلَتِهِمُ الَّتِي كانُوا عَلَيْها
When it was morning and the time for Salat Al-Zohr presented, he-saww was in the Masjid of the Clan of Salim, and had already prayed two Cycles from Salat Al-Zohr, Jibraeel-as descended and grabbed his-saww shoulders and turned him-saww towards the Kabah, and Revealed unto him-saww: We have Seen the turning of your face towards the sky, so We will be Turning you towards a Qiblah you will be pleased with; So turn then your face towards the Sacred Masjid [2:144]. And he-saww prayed two Cycles towards Bayt Al-Maqdas, and two Cycles towards the Kabah. So the Jews said, ‘‘What has turned them away from their Qiblah which they were upon?’ [2:142]’.[1]
[1] مجمع البيان 1: 413.