Who renounces Islam
الغيبة للنعماني ابْنُ عُقْدَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ وَ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْقَطَوَانِيِّ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ مَنْ جَحَدَ إِمَاماً مِنْكُمْ مَا حَالُهُ
(The book) ‘Ghayba’ of Al Numani – Ibn Uqda, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzeyl and Sa’dan Bin Is’haq and Ahmad Bin Al Husayn and Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Qatwani altogether, from Ibn Mahboub, from BAu Ayoub, from Muhammad Bin Muslim,
From Abu Ja’far-asws, he (the narrator) said, ‘I said to him-asws, ‘What is your-asws view of the one who rejects an Imam-asws from you-asws (Imams-asws), what is his state?’
قَالَ مَنْ جَحَدَ إِمَاماً مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ بَرِئَ مِنْهُ وَ مِنْ دِينِهِ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ مُرْتَدٌّ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ لِأَنَّ الْإِمَامَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ دِينَهُ دِينُ اللَّهِ وَ مَنْ بَرِئَ مِنْ دِينِ اللَّهِ فَدَمُهُ مُبَاحٌ فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَرْجِعَ أَوْ يَتُوبَ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِمَّا قَالَ
He-asws said: ‘One who rejects an Imam-asws from Allah-azwj and disavows from him-asws and from his-asws Religion, so he is a Kafir, ‘مُرْتَدٌّ’ a renegade from Al-Islam, because the Imam-asws is from Allah-azwj and His-azwj Religion is Religion of Allah-azwj, and one who disavows from the Religion of Allah-azwj, his blood is legalised (to be shed) during that state except if he returns or repents to Allah-azwj from what he had said’’.[1]
[1] Bihar Al-Anwaar – V 23, The book of Imamate, P 1 Ch 4 H 34