Shaykh (شيخ, شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ)

Respectful Man, Old Man

In Holy Quran:

وَلَمَّا وَرَدَ مَاءَ مَدْيَنَ وَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ أُمَّةً مِنَ النَّاسِ يَسْقُونَ وَوَجَدَ مِنْ دُونِهِمُ امْرَأَتَيْنِ تَذُودَانِ ۖ قَالَ مَا خَطْبُكُمَا ۖ قَالَتَا لَا نَسْقِي حَتَّىٰ يُصْدِرَ الرِّعَاءُ ۖ وَأَبُونَا شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ {23}

And when he arrived at Madyan, he found at it a group of people drawing water, and he found from besides them, two women staying back. He said: ‘What is the matter with you two? They said, ‘We cannot draw water until the shepherds withdraw, and our father is ‘’شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ an old man’ [28:23]

In a lengthy Hadith:

و كان خازن فرعون مؤمنا بموسى، قد كتم إيمانه ستمائة سنة، و هو الذي قال الله: وَ قالَ رَجُلٌ مُؤْمِنٌ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَكْتُمُ إِيمانَهُ أَ تَقْتُلُونَ رَجُلًا أَنْ يَقُولَ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ، و بلغ فرعون خبر قتل موسى الرجل، فطلبه ليقتله،

And the treasurer of Pharaoh-la was a believer in Musa-as, and had concealed his belief for six hundred years, and it is the one about whom Allah-azwj Says: And a Momin man from the people of Pharaoh who had concealed his Eman said, ‘Will you kill a man who is saying, ‘My Lord is Allah [40:28]. And it reached Pharaoh-la that Musa-as had killed a man, and he-la sought him-as in order to kill him-as.

فبعث المؤمن إلى موسى (عليه السلام): إِنَّ الْمَلَأَ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقْتُلُوكَ فَاخْرُجْ إِنِّي لَكَ مِنَ النَّاصِحِينَ فَخَرَجَ مِنْها، كما حكى الله: خائِفاً يَتَرَقَّبُ- قال- يلتفت يمنة و يسرة، و يقول: رَبِّ نَجِّنِي مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ.

So, the Momin sent a message to Musa-as: The chiefs have issued an order for you to be killed, therefore get out (from the city). I am from the (sincere) advisers to you [28:20] So, he exited from it [28:21], just as Allah-azwj has Said: So he exited from it, fearing, wary’ – he-asws said: ‘He-asws was looking to the right and left, and he-as was saying: ‘Lord! Deliver me from the unjust people! [28:21]’.

و مر نحو مدين، و كان بينه و بين مدين مسيرة ثلاثة أيام، فلما بلغ باب مدين، رأى بئرا يستقي الناس منها لأغنامهم و دوابهم، فقعد ناحية، و لم يكن أكل منذ ثلاثة أيام شيئا، فنظر إلى جاريتين في ناحية، و معهما غنيمات، لا تدنوان من البئر،

And he-as passed near Madayn, and there was a travel distance of three days between him-as and Madayn. So when he-as reached the gate of Madayn, he-as saw a well. The people were watering from it for their sheep and their animals. So he-as seated himself-as nearby, and he-as had not eaten anything for the past three days. He-as looked towards two maids nearby, and with the two of them were some sheep. They were not approaching the well.

فقال لهما: ما لكما لا تستقيان؟ قالتا، كما حكى الله: لا نَسْقِي حَتَّى يُصْدِرَ الرِّعاءُ وَ أَبُونا شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ، فرحمهما موسى، و دنا من البئر، فقال لمن على البئر: أستقي لي دلوا، و لكم دلوا، و كان الدلو يمده عشرة رجال،

He-as said to the two of them: ‘What is the matter with you two? – that you are not watering?’ They said, as Allah-azwj has Related: ‘We cannot draw water until the shepherds return, and our father is an old man’ [28:23]’. So Musa-as pitied them, and approached the well, and he-as said to the one at the well: ‘I-as will draw a bucket, and you draw a bucket’. And the bucket was sufficient for (required) ten men.

فاستقى وحده دلوا لمن على البئر و دلوا لبنتي شعيب، و سقى أغنامهما ثُمَّ تَوَلَّى إِلَى الظِّلِّ فَقالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لِما أَنْزَلْتَ إِلَيَّ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَقِيرٌ و كان شديد الجوع.

He-as drew a bucket for the one at the well, and drew a bucket for the daughters of Shuayb-as, So he watered for them, then went back to the shade and said: ‘Lord! I stand in need of whatever good You may Send down upon me’ [28:24]. And he-as was very hungry’.

قال أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام): إن موسى كليم الله حيث سقى لهما، ثم تولى إلى الظل، فقال: رب إني لما أنزلت إلي من خير فقير، و الله ما سأل الله إلا خبزا يأكل، لأنه كان يأكل بقلة الأرض، و لقد رأوا خضرة البقل في صفاق بطنه، من هزاله.

Amir Al-Momineen-asws said: ‘Musa-as, the Speaker with Allah-azwj, when he-as had watered for the two of them, went back to the shade and said: ‘Lord! I stand in need of whatever good You may Send down upon me’ [28:24]. By Allah-azwj, he-as did not ask for anything except for bread to eat, because he-as had eaten the vegetables of the earth, and had seen the effects of the greenery on his-as stomach, from its slimness’ (an extract).[1]


[1] تفسير القمّي 2: 135 (Extract 4)

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